Merge commit 'b319ef7' into jc/maint-fix-test-perm

* commit 'b319ef7': (8132 commits)
  Add a small patch-mode testing library
  git-apply--interactive: Refactor patch mode code
  t8005: Nobody writes Russian in shift_jis
  Fix severe breakage in "git-apply --whitespace=fix"
  Update release notes for 1.6.4
  After renaming a section, print any trailing variable definitions
  Make section_name_match start on '[', and return the length on success
  send-email: detect cycles in alias expansion
  Show the presence of untracked files in the bash prompt.
  SunOS grep does not understand -C<n> nor -e
  Fix export_marks() error handling.
  git repack: keep commits hidden by a graft
  Add a test showing that 'git repack' throws away grafted-away parents
  git branch: clean up detached branch handling
  git branch: avoid unnecessary object lookups
  git branch: fix performance problem
  git svn: fix shallow clone when upstream revision is too new
  do_one_ref(): null_sha1 check is not about broken ref
  configure.ac: properly unset NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO when sha1 func is missing
  janitor: useless checks before free
  ...

1466 files changed, 223107 insertions, 52463 deletions

diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0636deea93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+* whitespace=!indent,trail,space
+*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 9229e918cd..41c0b20a76 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 GIT-CFLAGS
 GIT-GUI-VARS
 GIT-VERSION-FILE
@@ -7,15 +8,15 @@ git-add--interactive
 git-am
 git-annotate
 git-apply
-git-applymbox
-git-applypatch
 git-archimport
 git-archive
 git-bisect
+git-bisect--helper
 git-blame
 git-branch
 git-bundle
 git-cat-file
+git-check-attr
 git-check-ref-format
 git-checkout
 git-checkout-index
@@ -26,7 +27,6 @@ git-clone
 git-commit
 git-commit-tree
 git-config
-git-convert-objects
 git-count-objects
 git-cvsexportcommit
 git-cvsimport
@@ -36,12 +36,15 @@ git-diff
 git-diff-files
 git-diff-index
 git-diff-tree
+git-difftool
+git-difftool--helper
 git-describe
+git-fast-export
 git-fast-import
 git-fetch
 git-fetch--tool
 git-fetch-pack
-git-findtags
+git-filter-branch
 git-fmt-merge-msg
 git-for-each-ref
 git-format-patch
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ git-gc
 git-get-tar-commit-id
 git-grep
 git-hash-object
+git-help
 git-http-fetch
 git-http-push
 git-imap-send
@@ -58,7 +62,6 @@ git-index-pack
 git-init
 git-init-db
 git-instaweb
-git-local-fetch
 git-log
 git-lost-found
 git-ls-files
@@ -76,9 +79,9 @@ git-merge-one-file
 git-merge-ours
 git-merge-recursive
 git-merge-resolve
-git-merge-stupid
 git-merge-subtree
 git-mergetool
+git-mergetool--lib
 git-mktag
 git-mktree
 git-name-rev
@@ -96,6 +99,7 @@ git-push
 git-quiltimport
 git-read-tree
 git-rebase
+git-rebase--interactive
 git-receive-pack
 git-reflog
 git-relink
@@ -109,7 +113,6 @@ git-rev-list
 git-rev-parse
 git-revert
 git-rm
-git-runstatus
 git-send-email
 git-send-pack
 git-sh-setup
@@ -119,14 +122,12 @@ git-show
 git-show-branch
 git-show-index
 git-show-ref
-git-ssh-fetch
-git-ssh-pull
-git-ssh-push
-git-ssh-upload
+git-stage
+git-stash
 git-status
 git-stripspace
+git-submodule
 git-svn
-git-svnimport
 git-symbolic-ref
 git-tag
 git-tar-tree
@@ -140,23 +141,30 @@ git-upload-pack
 git-var
 git-verify-pack
 git-verify-tag
+git-web--browse
 git-whatchanged
 git-write-tree
 git-core-*/?*
 gitk-wish
 gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 test-chmtime
+test-ctype
 test-date
 test-delta
 test-dump-cache-tree
+test-genrandom
 test-match-trees
+test-parse-options
+test-path-utils
+test-sha1
+test-sigchain
 common-cmds.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
 *.deb
-git-core.spec
+git.spec
 *.exe
-*.[ao]
+*.[aos]
 *.py[co]
 config.mak
 autom4te.cache
@@ -166,3 +174,6 @@ config.status
 config.mak.autogen
 config.mak.append
 configure
+tags
+TAGS
+cscope*
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
index 3a624eabc3..373476bdc0 100644
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -5,25 +5,43 @@
 # same person appearing not to be so.
 #
 
+Alexander Gavrilov <angavrilov@gmail.com>
 Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>
+Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
 Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker@cox.net>
+Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com>
+Dana L. How <how@deathvalley.cswitch.com>
 Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
+David D. Kilzer <ddkilzer@kilzer.net>
 David KÃ¥gedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
+David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
+Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
 Fredrik Kuivinen <freku045@student.liu.se>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@bonde.sc.orionmulti.com>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@tazenda.sc.orionmulti.com>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@trantor.hos.anvin.org>
 Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
+İsmail Dönmez <ismail@pardus.org.tr>
+Jay Soffian <jaysoffian+git@gmail.com>
 Joachim Berdal Haga <cjhaga@fys.uio.no>
 Jon Loeliger <jdl@freescale.com>
 Jon Seymour <jon@blackcubes.dyndns.org>
+Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
+Junio C Hamano <junio@twinsun.com>
 Karl Hasselström <kha@treskal.com>
 Kent Engstrom <kent@lysator.liu.se>
-Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line.de>
 Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line ! de>
+Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line.de>
+Li Hong <leehong@pku.edu.cn>
 Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
 Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz>
+Michael Coleman <tutufan@gmail.com>
+Michael W. Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
+Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>
+Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
+Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@lavabit.com>
 Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
+Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
 René Scharfe <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
 Robert Fitzsimons <robfitz@273k.net>
@@ -31,10 +49,16 @@ Sam Vilain <sam@vilain.net>
 Santi Béjar <sbejar@gmail.com>
 Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
+Steven Grimm <koreth@midwinter.com>
 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
 Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
+Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe_Zeisberger@digi.com>
+Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe.Kleine-Koenig@digi.com>
+Uwe Kleine-König <ukleinek@informatik.uni-freiburg.de>
+Uwe Kleine-König <uzeisberger@io.fsforth.de>
 Uwe Kleine-König <zeisberg@informatik.uni-freiburg.de>
 Ville Skyttä <scop@xemacs.org>
+William Pursell <bill.pursell@gmail.com>
 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
 anonymous <linux@horizon.com>
 anonymous <linux@horizon.net>
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitattributes b/Documentation/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ddb030137d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.txt whitespace
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitignore b/Documentation/.gitignore
index b98d21e98e..d8edd90406 100644
--- a/Documentation/.gitignore
+++ b/Documentation/.gitignore
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 *.xml
 *.html
-*.1
-*.7
+*.[1-8]
 *.made
+*.texi
+git.info
+gitman.info
 howto-index.txt
 doc.dep
 cmds-*.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8bf618a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+Like other projects, we also have some guidelines to keep to the
+code.  For git in general, three rough rules are:
+
+ - Most importantly, we never say "It's in POSIX; we'll happily
+   ignore your needs should your system not conform to it."
+   We live in the real world.
+
+ - However, we often say "Let's stay away from that construct,
+   it's not even in POSIX".
+
+ - In spite of the above two rules, we sometimes say "Although
+   this is not in POSIX, it (is so convenient | makes the code
+   much more readable | has other good characteristics) and
+   practically all the platforms we care about support it, so
+   let's use it".
+
+   Again, we live in the real world, and it is sometimes a
+   judgement call, the decision based more on real world
+   constraints people face than what the paper standard says.
+
+
+As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
+(this is a good guideline, no matter which project you are
+contributing to). It is always preferable to match the _local_
+convention. New code added to git suite is expected to match
+the overall style of existing code. Modifications to existing
+code is expected to match the style the surrounding code already
+uses (even if it doesn't match the overall style of existing code).
+
+But if you must have a list of rules, here they are.
+
+For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
+
+ - We prefer $( ... ) for command substitution; unlike ``, it
+   properly nests.  It should have been the way Bourne spelled
+   it from day one, but unfortunately isn't.
+
+ - We use ${parameter-word} and its [-=?+] siblings, and their
+   colon'ed "unset or null" form.
+
+ - We use ${parameter#word} and its [#%] siblings, and their
+   doubled "longest matching" form.
+
+ - We use Arithmetic Expansion $(( ... )).
+
+ - No "Substring Expansion" ${parameter:offset:length}.
+
+ - No shell arrays.
+
+ - No strlen ${#parameter}.
+
+ - No regexp ${parameter/pattern/string}.
+
+ - We do not use Process Substitution <(list) or >(list).
+
+ - We prefer "test" over "[ ... ]".
+
+ - We do not write the noiseword "function" in front of shell
+   functions.
+
+ - As to use of grep, stick to a subset of BRE (namely, no \{m,n\},
+   [::], [==], nor [..]) for portability.
+
+   - We do not use \{m,n\};
+
+   - We do not use -E;
+
+   - We do not use ? nor + (which are \{0,1\} and \{1,\}
+     respectively in BRE) but that goes without saying as these
+     are ERE elements not BRE (note that \? and \+ are not even part
+     of BRE -- making them accessible from BRE is a GNU extension).
+
+For C programs:
+
+ - We use tabs to indent, and interpret tabs as taking up to
+   8 spaces.
+
+ - We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
+
+ - When declaring pointers, the star sides with the variable
+   name, i.e. "char *string", not "char* string" or
+   "char * string".  This makes it easier to understand code
+   like "char *string, c;".
+
+ - We avoid using braces unnecessarily.  I.e.
+
+	if (bla) {
+		x = 1;
+	}
+
+   is frowned upon.  A gray area is when the statement extends
+   over a few lines, and/or you have a lengthy comment atop of
+   it.  Also, like in the Linux kernel, if there is a long list
+   of "else if" statements, it can make sense to add braces to
+   single line blocks.
+
+ - We try to avoid assignments inside if().
+
+ - Try to make your code understandable.  You may put comments
+   in, but comments invariably tend to stale out when the code
+   they were describing changes.  Often splitting a function
+   into two makes the intention of the code much clearer.
+
+ - Double negation is often harder to understand than no negation
+   at all.
+
+ - Some clever tricks, like using the !! operator with arithmetic
+   constructs, can be extremely confusing to others.  Avoid them,
+   unless there is a compelling reason to use them.
+
+ - Use the API.  No, really.  We have a strbuf (variable length
+   string), several arrays with the ALLOC_GROW() macro, a
+   string_list for sorted string lists, a hash map (mapping struct
+   objects) named "struct decorate", amongst other things.
+
+ - When you come up with an API, document it.
+
+ - The first #include in C files, except in platform specific
+   compat/ implementations, should be git-compat-util.h or another
+   header file that includes it, such as cache.h or builtin.h.
+
+ - If you are planning a new command, consider writing it in shell
+   or perl first, so that changes in semantics can be easily
+   changed and discussed.  Many git commands started out like
+   that, and a few are still scripts.
+
+ - Avoid introducing a new dependency into git. This means you
+   usually should stay away from scripting languages not already
+   used in the git core command set (unless your command is clearly
+   separate from it, such as an importer to convert random-scm-X
+   repositories to git).
+
+ - When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
+   pass them in that order.
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index a637d8d559..7a8037f586 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -1,46 +1,113 @@
 MAN1_TXT= \
 	$(filter-out $(addsuffix .txt, $(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)), \
 		$(wildcard git-*.txt)) \
-	gitk.txt
-MAN7_TXT=git.txt
-
-DOC_HTML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT))
-
-ARTICLES = tutorial
-ARTICLES += tutorial-2
-ARTICLES += core-tutorial
-ARTICLES += cvs-migration
-ARTICLES += diffcore
-ARTICLES += howto-index
-ARTICLES += repository-layout
-ARTICLES += hooks
+	gitk.txt git.txt
+MAN5_TXT=gitattributes.txt gitignore.txt gitmodules.txt githooks.txt \
+	gitrepository-layout.txt
+MAN7_TXT=gitcli.txt gittutorial.txt gittutorial-2.txt \
+	gitcvs-migration.txt gitcore-tutorial.txt gitglossary.txt \
+	gitdiffcore.txt gitworkflows.txt
+
+MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
+MAN_XML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
+MAN_HTML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN_TXT))
+
+DOC_HTML=$(MAN_HTML)
+
+ARTICLES = howto-index
 ARTICLES += everyday
 ARTICLES += git-tools
-ARTICLES += glossary
 # with their own formatting rules.
-SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase user-manual
+SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase howto/using-merge-subtree user-manual
+API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
+SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
+SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
 
 DOC_HTML += $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES))
 
 DOC_MAN1=$(patsubst %.txt,%.1,$(MAN1_TXT))
+DOC_MAN5=$(patsubst %.txt,%.5,$(MAN5_TXT))
 DOC_MAN7=$(patsubst %.txt,%.7,$(MAN7_TXT))
 
 prefix?=$(HOME)
 bindir?=$(prefix)/bin
-mandir?=$(prefix)/man
+htmldir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
+pdfdir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
+mandir?=$(prefix)/share/man
 man1dir=$(mandir)/man1
+man5dir=$(mandir)/man5
 man7dir=$(mandir)/man7
 # DESTDIR=
 
 ASCIIDOC=asciidoc
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA =
+MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
+XMLTO_EXTRA =
 INSTALL?=install
+RM ?= rm -f
 DOC_REF = origin/man
+HTML_REF = origin/html
+
+infodir?=$(prefix)/share/info
+MAKEINFO=makeinfo
+INSTALL_INFO=install-info
+DOCBOOK2X_TEXI=docbook2x-texi
+DBLATEX=dblatex
+ifndef PERL_PATH
+	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
+endif
 
 -include ../config.mak.autogen
 -include ../config.mak
 
 #
+# For asciidoc ...
+#	-7.1.2,	no extra settings are needed.
+#	8.0-,	set ASCIIDOC8.
+#
+
+#
+# For docbook-xsl ...
+#	-1.68.1,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF? (based on changelog from 1.73.0)
+#	1.69.0,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.69.1-1.71.0,	set DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP?
+#	1.71.1,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.72.0,		set DOCBOOK_XSL_172.
+#	1.73.0-,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+#
+
+#
+# If you had been using DOCBOOK_XSL_172 in an attempt to get rid
+# of 'the ".ft C" problem' in your generated manpages, and you
+# instead ended up with weird characters around callouts, try
+# using ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF instead (it works fine with ASCIIDOC8).
+#
+
+ifdef ASCIIDOC8
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible
+endif
+ifdef DOCBOOK_XSL_172
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
+MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-1.72.xsl
+else
+	ifdef ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+	# docbook-xsl after 1.72 needs the regular XSL, but will not
+	# pass-thru raw roff codes from asciidoc.conf, so turn them off.
+	ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
+	endif
+endif
+ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
+endif
+ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
+endif
+
+SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+# Shell quote;
+SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+
+#
 # Please note that there is a minor bug in asciidoc.
 # The version after 6.0.3 _will_ include the patch found here:
 #   http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=111558757202243&w=2
@@ -49,24 +116,76 @@ DOC_REF = origin/man
 # yourself - yes, all 6 characters of it!
 #
 
+QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
+QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w)
+PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
+else # "make -w"
+NO_SUBDIR = :
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
+ifndef V
+	QUIET_ASCIIDOC	= @echo '   ' ASCIIDOC $@;
+	QUIET_XMLTO	= @echo '   ' XMLTO $@;
+	QUIET_DB2TEXI	= @echo '   ' DB2TEXI $@;
+	QUIET_MAKEINFO	= @echo '   ' MAKEINFO $@;
+	QUIET_DBLATEX	= @echo '   ' DBLATEX $@;
+	QUIET_XSLTPROC	= @echo '   ' XSLTPROC $@;
+	QUIET_GEN	= @echo '   ' GEN $@;
+	QUIET_STDERR	= 2> /dev/null
+	QUIET_SUBDIR0	= +@subdir=
+	QUIET_SUBDIR1	= ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
+			  $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
+	export V
+endif
+endif
+
 all: html man
 
 html: $(DOC_HTML)
 
-$(DOC_HTML) $(DOC_MAN1) $(DOC_MAN7): asciidoc.conf
+$(DOC_HTML) $(DOC_MAN1) $(DOC_MAN5) $(DOC_MAN7): asciidoc.conf
 
-man: man1 man7
+man: man1 man5 man7
 man1: $(DOC_MAN1)
+man5: $(DOC_MAN5)
 man7: $(DOC_MAN7)
 
-install: man
-	$(INSTALL) -d -m755 $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
-	$(INSTALL) -m644 $(DOC_MAN1) $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
-	$(INSTALL) -m644 $(DOC_MAN7) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
+info: git.info gitman.info
+
+pdf: user-manual.pdf
+
+install: install-man
+
+install-man: man
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN1) $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN5) $(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN7) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
 
+install-info: info
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 git.info gitman.info $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
+	if test -r $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir; then \
+	  $(INSTALL_INFO) --info-dir=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir) git.info ;\
+	  $(INSTALL_INFO) --info-dir=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir) gitman.info ;\
+	else \
+	  echo "No directory found in $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" >&2 ; \
+	fi
+
+install-pdf: pdf
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 user-manual.pdf $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
+
+install-html: html
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
 
 ../GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
-	$(MAKE) -C ../ GIT-VERSION-FILE
+	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)../ $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
 -include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
@@ -74,8 +193,8 @@ install: man
 # Determine "include::" file references in asciidoc files.
 #
 doc.dep : $(wildcard *.txt) build-docdep.perl
-	rm -f $@+ $@
-	perl ./build-docdep.perl >$@+
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 -include doc.dep
@@ -92,61 +211,106 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
 
 $(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
 
-cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl $(MAN1_TXT)
-	perl ./cmd-list.perl
+cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
-git.7 git.html: git.txt core-intro.txt
-
 clean:
-	rm -f *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.7 howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
-	rm -f $(cmds_txt) *.made
-
-%.html : %.txt
-	rm -f $@+ $@
+	$(RM) *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.5 *.7
+	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
+	$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
+	$(RM) technical/api-*.html technical/api-index.txt
+	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) *.made
+
+$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
-		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -o - $< | \
-		sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' >$@+
+		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-%.1 %.7 : %.xml
-	xmlto -m callouts.xsl man $<
+%.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml
+	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
+	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
 %.xml : %.txt
-	rm -f $@+ $@
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
-		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -o - $< | \
-		sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' >$@+
+		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d book $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b docbook -d book $<
+
+technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
+	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
+	$(QUIET_GEN)cd technical && '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./api-index.sh
 
-XSLT = http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/html/docbook.xsl
+$(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index): %.html : %.txt
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -f asciidoc.conf \
+		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $*.txt
+
+XSLT = docbook.xsl
 XSLTOPTS = --xinclude --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 
 user-manual.html: user-manual.xml
-	xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+
+git.info: user-manual.texi
+	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
+
+user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
+	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ -p /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.sty $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 \
+		--to-stdout $(xml) &&) true) > $@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+gitman.info: gitman.texi
+	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
+
+$(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-	rm -f $@+ $@
-	sh ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
 
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt
-	rm -f $@+ $@
-	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 - >$@+
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 - >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 install-webdoc : html
-	sh ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
+
+quick-install: quick-install-man
+
+quick-install-man:
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
 
-quick-install:
-	sh ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(mandir)
+quick-install-html:
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
 
 .PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.4.txt
index b727a8d1e5..feefa5dfd4 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.4.txt
@@ -20,5 +20,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.3
 * Documentation updates
 
 * User manual updates
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
index aa86149d4f..eeec3d73d0 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
@@ -24,5 +24,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.3
 * Documentation updates
 
 * User manual updates
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt
index e15447ffdb..c02015ad5f 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt
@@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.5
   - user-manual has better cross references.
 
   - gitweb installation/deployment procedure is now documented.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt
index b48b4bc3e8..91471213bd 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-GIT v1.5.1.1 Release Notes (draft)
+GIT v1.5.1.1 Release Notes
 ==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.5.1
@@ -10,8 +10,23 @@ Fixes since v1.5.1
 
   - The documentation for cvsimport has been majorly improved.
 
+  - "git-show-ref --exclude-existing" was documented.
+
 * Bugfixes
 
+  - The implementation of -p option in "git cvsexportcommit" had
+    the meaning of -C (context reduction) option wrong, and
+    loosened the context requirements when it was told to be
+    strict.
+
+  - "git cvsserver" did not behave like the real cvsserver when
+    client side removed a file from the working tree without
+    doing anything else on the path.  In such a case, it should
+    restore it from the checked out revision.
+
+  - "git fsck" issued an alarming error message on detached
+    HEAD.  It is not an error since at least 1.5.0.
+
   - "git send-email" produced of References header of unbounded length;
     fixed this with line-folding.
 
@@ -37,10 +52,14 @@ Fixes since v1.5.1
   - gitweb did not show type-changing patch correctly in the
     blobdiff view.
 
-* Performance Tweaks
+  - git-svn did not error out with incorrect command line options.
+
+  - git-svn fell into an infinite loop when insanely long commit
+    message was found.
+
+  - git-svn dcommit and rebase was confused by patches that were
+    merged from another branch that is managed by git-svn.
 
---
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.5.1-26-ge94a4f6
-echo O=`git describe refs/heads/maint`
-git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/maint
+  - git-svn used to get confused when globbing remote branch/tag
+    spec (e.g. "branches = proj/branches/*:refs/remotes/origin/*")
+    is used and there was a plain file that matched the glob.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d88456306c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+GIT v1.5.1.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.1.1
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - "git clone" over http from a repository that has lost the
+    loose refs by running "git pack-refs" were broken (a code to
+    deal with this was added to "git fetch" in v1.5.0, but it
+    was missing from "git clone").
+
+  - "git diff a/ b/" incorrectly fell in "diff between two
+    filesystem objects" codepath, when the user most likely
+    wanted to limit the extent of output to two tracked
+    directories.
+
+  - git-quiltimport had the same bug as we fixed for
+    git-applymbox in v1.5.1.1 -- it gave an alarming "did not
+    have any patch" message (but did not actually fail and was
+    harmless).
+
+  - various git-svn fixes.
+
+  - Sample update hook incorrectly always refused requests to
+    delete branches through push.
+
+  - git-blame on a very long working tree path had buffer
+    overrun problem.
+
+  - git-apply did not like to be fed two patches in a row that created
+    and then modified the same file.
+
+  - git-svn was confused when a non-project was stored directly under
+    trunk/, branches/ and tags/.
+
+  - git-svn wants the Error.pm module that was at least as new
+    as what we ship as part of git; install ours in our private
+    installation location if the one on the system is older.
+
+  - An earlier update to command line integer parameter parser was
+    botched and made 'update-index --cacheinfo' completely useless.
+
+
+* Documentation updates
+
+  - Various documentation updates from J. Bruce Fields, Frank
+    Lichtenheld, Alex Riesen and others.  Andrew Ruder started a
+    war on undocumented options.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..876408b65a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+GIT v1.5.1.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.1.2
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - git-add tried to optimize by finding common leading
+    directories across its arguments but botched, causing very
+    confused behaviour.
+
+  - unofficial rpm.spec file shipped with git was letting
+    ETC_GITCONFIG set to /usr/etc/gitconfig.  Tweak the official
+    Makefile to make it harder for distro people to make the
+    same mistake, by setting the variable to /etc/gitconfig if
+    prefix is set to /usr.
+
+  - git-svn inconsistently stripped away username from the URL
+    only when svnsync_props was in use.
+
+  - git-svn got confused when handling symlinks on Mac OS.
+
+  - git-send-email was not quoting recipient names that have
+    period '.' in them.  Also it did not allow overriding
+    envelope sender, which made it impossible to send patches to
+    certain subscriber-only lists.
+
+  - built-in write_tree() routine had a sequence that renamed a
+    file that is still open, which some systems did not like.
+
+  - when memory is very tight, sliding mmap code to read
+    packfiles incorrectly closed the fd that was still being
+    used to read the pack.
+
+  - import-tars contributed front-end for fastimport was passing
+    wrong directory modes without checking.
+
+  - git-fastimport trusted its input too much and allowed to
+    create corrupt tree objects with entries without a name.
+
+  - git-fetch needlessly barfed when too long reflog action
+    description was given by the caller.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df2f66ccb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+GIT v1.5.1.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.1.3
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - "git-http-fetch" did not work around a bug in libcurl
+    earlier than 7.16 (curl_multi_remove_handle() was broken).
+
+  - "git cvsserver" handles a file that was once removed and
+    then added again correctly.
+
+  - import-tars script (in contrib/) handles GNU tar archives
+    that contain pathnames longer than 100 bytes (long-link
+    extension) correctly.
+
+  - xdelta test program did not build correctly.
+
+  - gitweb sometimes tried incorrectly to apply function to
+    decode utf8 twice, resulting in corrupt output.
+
+  - "git blame -C" mishandled text at the end of a group of
+    lines.
+
+  - "git log/rev-list --boundary" did not produce output
+    correctly without --left-right option.
+
+  - Many documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0ab8eb371
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+GIT v1.5.1.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.1.4
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - git-send-email did not understand aliases file for mutt, which
+    allows leading whitespaces.
+
+  - git-format-patch emitted Content-Type and Content-Transfer-Encoding
+    headers for non ASCII contents, but failed to add MIME-Version.
+
+  - git-name-rev had a buffer overrun with a deep history.
+
+  - contributed script import-tars did not get the directory in
+    tar archives interpreted correctly.
+
+  - git-svn was reported to segfault for many people on list and
+    #git; hopefully this has been fixed.
+
+  - "git-svn clone" does not try to minimize the URL
+    (i.e. connect to higher level hierarchy) by default, as this
+    can prevent clone to fail if only part of the repository
+    (e.g. 'trunk') is open to public.
+
+  - "git checkout branch^0" did not detach the head when you are
+    already on 'branch'; backported the fix from the 'master'.
+
+  - "git-config section.var" did not correctly work when
+    existing configuration file had both [section] and [section "name"]
+    next to each other.
+
+  - "git clone ../other-directory" was fooled if the current
+    directory $PWD points at is a symbolic link.
+
+  - (build) tree_entry_extract() function was both static inline
+    and extern, which caused trouble compiling with Forte12
+    compilers on Sun.
+
+  - Many many documentation fixes and updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55f3ac13e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+GIT v1.5.1.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.1.4
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - git-send-email did not understand aliases file for mutt, which
+    allows leading whitespaces.
+
+  - git-format-patch emitted Content-Type and Content-Transfer-Encoding
+    headers for non ASCII contents, but failed to add MIME-Version.
+
+  - git-name-rev had a buffer overrun with a deep history.
+
+  - contributed script import-tars did not get the directory in
+    tar archives interpreted correctly.
+
+  - git-svn was reported to segfault for many people on list and
+    #git; hopefully this has been fixed.
+
+  - git-svn also had a bug to crash svnserve by sending a bad
+    sequence of requests.
+
+  - "git-svn clone" does not try to minimize the URL
+    (i.e. connect to higher level hierarchy) by default, as this
+    can prevent clone to fail if only part of the repository
+    (e.g. 'trunk') is open to public.
+
+  - "git checkout branch^0" did not detach the head when you are
+    already on 'branch'; backported the fix from the 'master'.
+
+  - "git-config section.var" did not correctly work when
+    existing configuration file had both [section] and [section "name"]
+    next to each other.
+
+  - "git clone ../other-directory" was fooled if the current
+    directory $PWD points at is a symbolic link.
+
+  - (build) tree_entry_extract() function was both static inline
+    and extern, which caused trouble compiling with Forte12
+    compilers on Sun.
+
+  - Many many documentation fixes and updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebf20e22a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+GIT v1.5.2.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2
+------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - Temporary files that are used when invoking external diff
+    programs did not tolerate a long TMPDIR.
+
+  - git-daemon did not notice when it could not write into its
+    pid file.
+
+  - git-status did not honor core.excludesFile configuration like
+    git-add did.
+
+  - git-annotate did not work from a subdirectory while
+    git-blame did.
+
+  - git-cvsserver should have disabled access to a repository
+    with "gitcvs.pserver.enabled = false" set even when
+    "gitcvs.enabled = true" was set at the same time.  It
+    didn't.
+
+  - git-cvsimport did not work correctly in a repository with
+    its branch heads were packed with pack-refs.
+
+  - ident unexpansion to squash "$Id: xxx $" that is in the
+    repository copy removed incorrect number of bytes.
+
+  - git-svn misbehaved when the subversion repository did not
+    provide MD5 checksums for files.
+
+  - git rebase (and git am) misbehaved on commits that have '\n'
+    (literally backslash and en, not a linefeed) in the title.
+
+  - code to decode base85 used in binary patches had one error
+    return codepath wrong.
+
+  - RFC2047 Q encoding output by git-format-patch used '_' for a
+    space, which is not understood by some programs.  It uses =20
+    which is safer.
+
+  - git-fastimport --import-marks was broken; fixed.
+
+  - A lot of documentation updates, clarifications and fixes.
+
+--
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+O=v1.5.2-65-g996e2d6
+echo O=`git describe refs/heads/maint`
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7bfa341750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+GIT v1.5.2.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2.1
+--------------------
+
+* Usability fix
+
+  - git-gui is shipped with its updated blame interface.  It is
+    rumored that the older one was not just unusable but was
+    active health hazard, but this one is actually pretty.
+    Please see for yourself.
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - "git checkout fubar" was utterly confused when there is a
+    branch fubar and a tag fubar at the same time.  It correctly
+    checks out the branch fubar now.
+
+  - "git clone /path/foo" to clone a local /path/foo.git
+    repository left an incorrect configuration.
+
+  - "git send-email" correctly unquotes RFC 2047 quoted names in
+    the patch-email before using their values.
+
+  - We did not accept number of seconds since epoch older than
+    year 2000 as a valid timestamp.  We now interpret positive
+    integers more than 8 digits as such, which allows us to
+    express timestamps more recent than March 1973.
+
+  - git-cvsimport did not work when you have GIT_DIR to point
+    your repository at a nonstandard location.
+
+  - Some systems (notably, Solaris) lack hstrerror() to make
+    h_errno human readable; prepare a replacement
+    implementation.
+
+  - .gitignore file listed git-core.spec but what we generate is
+    git.spec, and nobody noticed for a long time.
+
+  - "git-merge-recursive" does not try to run file level merge
+    on binary files.
+
+  - "git-branch --track" did not create tracking configuration
+    correctly when the branch name had slash in it.
+
+  - The email address of the user specified with user.email
+    configuration was overridden by EMAIL environment variable.
+
+  - The tree parser did not warn about tree entries with
+    nonsense file modes, and assumed they must be blobs.
+
+  - "git log -z" without any other request to generate diff still
+    invoked the diff machinery, wasting cycles.
+
+* Documentation
+
+  - Many updates to fix stale or missing documentation.
+
+  - Although our documentation was primarily meant to be formatted
+    with AsciiDoc7, formatting with AsciiDoc8 is supported better.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..addb22955b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+GIT v1.5.2.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2.2
+--------------------
+
+ * Bugfixes
+
+   - Version 2 pack index format was introduced in version 1.5.2
+     to support pack files that has offset that cannot be
+     represented in 32-bit.  The runtime code to validate such
+     an index mishandled such an index for an empty pack.
+
+   - Commit walkers (most notably, fetch over http protocol)
+     tried to traverse commit objects contained in trees (aka
+     subproject); they shouldn't.
+
+   - A build option NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER was not explained in Makefile
+     comment correctly.
+
+ * Documentation Fixes and Updates
+
+   - git-config --regexp was not documented properly.
+
+   - git-repack -a was not documented properly.
+
+   - git-remote -n was not documented properly.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..75cff475f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+GIT v1.5.2.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Bugfixes
+
+   - "git-gui" bugfixes, including a handful fixes to run it
+     better on Cygwin/MSYS.
+
+   - "git checkout" failed to switch back and forth between
+     branches, one of which has "frotz -> xyzzy" symlink and
+     file "xyzzy/filfre", while the other one has a file
+     "frotz/filfre".
+
+   - "git prune" used to segfault upon seeing a commit that is
+     referred to by a tree object (aka "subproject").
+
+   - "git diff --name-status --no-index" mishandled an added file.
+
+   - "git apply --reverse --whitespace=warn" still complained
+     about whitespaces that a forward application would have
+     introduced.
+
+ * Documentation Fixes and Updates
+
+   - A handful documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8281c72a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+GIT v1.5.2.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Bugfixes
+
+   - "git add -u" had a serious data corruption problem in one
+     special case (when the changes to a subdirectory's files
+     consist only deletion of files).
+
+   - "git add -u <path>" did not work from a subdirectory.
+
+   - "git apply" left an empty directory after all its files are
+     renamed away.
+
+   - "git $anycmd foo/bar", when there is a file 'foo' in the
+     working tree, complained that "git $anycmd foo/bar --" form
+     should be used to disambiguate between revs and files,
+     which was completely bogus.
+
+   - "git checkout-index" and other commands that checks out
+     files to the work tree tried unlink(2) on directories,
+     which is a sane thing to do on sane systems, but not on
+     Solaris when you are root.
+
+ * Documentation Fixes and Updates
+
+   - A handful documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt
index 2e3c7bc4f1..e8328d090a 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,88 @@
-GIT v1.5.2 Release Notes (draft)
+GIT v1.5.2 Release Notes
 ========================
 
 Updates since v1.5.1
 --------------------
 
+* Plumbing level superproject support.
+
+  You can include a subdirectory that has an independent git
+  repository in your index and tree objects of your project
+  ("superproject").  This plumbing (i.e. "core") level
+  superproject support explicitly excludes recursive behaviour.
+
+  The "subproject" entries in the index and trees of a superproject
+  are incompatible with older versions of git.  Experimenting with
+  the plumbing level support is encouraged, but be warned that
+  unless everybody in your project updates to this release or
+  later, using this feature would make your project
+  inaccessible by people with older versions of git.
+
+* Plumbing level gitattributes support.
+
+  The gitattributes mechanism allows you to add 'attributes' to
+  paths in your project, and affect the way certain git
+  operations work.  Currently you can influence if a path is
+  considered a binary or text (the former would be treated by
+  'git diff' not to produce textual output; the latter can go
+  through the line endings conversion process in repositories
+  with core.autocrlf set), expand and unexpand '$Id$' keyword
+  with blob object name, specify a custom 3-way merge driver,
+  and specify a custom diff driver.  You can also apply
+  arbitrary filter to contents on check-in/check-out codepath
+  but this feature is an extremely sharp-edged razor and needs
+  to be handled with caution (do not use it unless you
+  understand the earlier mailing list discussion on keyword
+  expansion).  These conversions apply when checking files in
+  or out, and exporting via git-archive.
+
+* The packfile format now optionally supports 64-bit index.
+
+  This release supports the "version 2" format of the .idx
+  file.  This is automatically enabled when a huge packfile
+  needs more than 32-bit to express offsets of objects in the
+  pack.
+
+* Comes with an updated git-gui 0.7.1
+
+* Updated gitweb:
+
+  - can show combined diff for merges;
+  - uses font size of user's preference, not hardcoded in pixels;
+  - can now 'grep';
+
 * New commands and options.
 
   - "git bisect start" can optionally take a single bad commit and
     zero or more good commits on the command line.
 
+  - "git shortlog" can optionally be told to wrap its output.
+
+  - "subtree" merge strategy allows another project to be merged in as
+    your subdirectory.
+
+  - "git format-patch" learned a new --subject-prefix=<string>
+    option, to override the built-in "[PATCH]".
+
+  - "git add -u" is a quick way to do the first stage of "git
+    commit -a" (i.e. update the index to match the working
+    tree); it obviously does not make a commit.
+
+  - "git clean" honors a new configuration, "clean.requireforce".  When
+    set to true, this makes "git clean" a no-op, preventing you
+    from losing files by typing "git clean" when you meant to
+    say "make clean".  You can still say "git clean -f" to
+    override this.
+
+  - "git log" family of commands learned --date={local,relative,default}
+    option.  --date=relative is synonym to the --relative-date.
+    --date=local gives the timestamp in local timezone.
+
 * Updated behavior of existing commands.
 
+  - When $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL or $GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL is not set
+    but $EMAIL is set, the latter is used as a substitute.
+
   - "git diff --stat" shows size of preimage and postimage blobs
     for binary contents.  Earlier it only said "Bin".
 
@@ -27,6 +99,35 @@ Updates since v1.5.1
     the root commit).  We used to refuse to operate without a
     good and a bad commit.
 
+  - "git push", when pushing into more than one repository, does
+    not stop at the first error.
+
+  - "git archive" does not insist you to give --format parameter
+    anymore; it defaults to "tar".
+
+  - "git cvsserver" can use backends other than sqlite.
+
+  - "gitview" (in contrib/ section) learned to better support
+    "git-annotate".
+
+  - "git diff $commit1:$path2 $commit2:$path2" can now report
+    mode changes between the two blobs.
+
+  - Local "git fetch" from a repository whose object store is
+    one of the alternates (e.g. fetching from the origin in a
+    repository created with "git clone -l -s") avoids
+    downloading objects unnecessarily.
+
+  - "git blame" uses .mailmap to canonicalize the author name
+    just like "git shortlog" does.
+
+  - "git pack-objects" pays attention to pack.depth
+    configuration variable.
+
+  - "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" does not use .msg file in
+    the working tree to prepare commit message; instead it uses
+    $GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG as other commands do.
+
 * Builds
 
   - git-p4import has never been installed; now there is an
@@ -35,25 +136,37 @@ Updates since v1.5.1
   - gitk and git-gui can be configured out.
 
   - Generated documentation pages automatically get version
-    information from GIT_VERSION
+    information from GIT_VERSION.
 
   - Parallel build with "make -j" descending into subdirectory
     was fixed.
 
 * Performance Tweaks
 
-  - optimized "git-rev-list --bisect" (hence "git-bisect").
+  - Optimized "git-rev-list --bisect" (hence "git-bisect").
 
-  - optimized "git-add $path" in a large directory, most of
+  - Optimized "git-add $path" in a large directory, most of
     whose contents are ignored.
 
+  - Optimized "git-diff-tree" for reduced memory footprint.
+
+  - The recursive merge strategy updated a worktree file that
+    was changed identically in two branches, when one of them
+    renamed it.  We do not do that when there is no rename, so
+    match that behaviour.  This avoids excessive rebuilds.
+
+  - The default pack depth has been increased to 50, as the
+    recent addition of delta_base_cache makes deeper delta chains
+    much less expensive to access.  Depending on the project, it was
+    reported that this reduces the resulting pack file by 10%
+    or so.
+
 
 Fixes since v1.5.1
 ------------------
 
-The following are all in v1.5.1.x series, unless otherwise noted.
-
-* Documentation updates
+All of the fixes in v1.5.1 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
 
 * Bugfixes
 
@@ -67,10 +180,18 @@ The following are all in v1.5.1.x series, unless otherwise noted.
     been backported to 1.5.1.x series, as it is rather an
     intrusive change.
 
-* Performance Tweaks
+  - Merging branches that have a file in one and a directory in
+    another at the same path used to get quite confused.  We
+    handle such a case a bit more carefully, even though that is
+    still left as a conflict for the user to sort out.  This
+    will not be backported to 1.5.1.x series, as it is rather an
+    intrusive change.
+
+  - git-fetch had trouble with a remote with insanely large number
+    of refs.
+
+  - "git clean -d -X" now does not remove non-excluded directories.
 
---
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.5.1-91-g640ee0d
-echo O=`git describe refs/heads/master`
-git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/master ^refs/heads/maint
+  - rebasing (without -m) a series that changes a symlink to a directory
+    in the middle of a path confused git-apply greatly and refused to
+    operate.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ff546c743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3
+------------------
+
+This is solely to fix the generated RPM's dependencies.  We used
+to have git-p4 package but we do not anymore.  As suggested on
+the mailing list, this release makes git-core "Obsolete" git-p4,
+so that yum update would not complain.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4bbde3cab4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.1
+--------------------
+
+ * git-push sent thin packs by default, which was not good for
+   the public distribution server (no point in saving transfer
+   while pushing; no point in making the resulting pack less
+   optimum).
+
+ * git-svn sometimes terminated with "Malformed network data" when
+   talking over svn:// protocol.
+
+ * git-send-email re-issued the same message-id about 10% of the
+   time if you fired off 30 messages within a single second.
+
+ * git-stash was not terminating the log message of commits it
+   internally creates with LF.
+
+ * git-apply failed to check the size of the patch hunk when its
+   beginning part matched the remainder of the preimage exactly,
+   even though the preimage recorded in the hunk was much larger
+   (therefore the patch should not have applied), leading to a
+   segfault.
+
+ * "git rm foo && git commit foo" complained that 'foo' needs to
+   be added first, instead of committing the removal, which was a
+   nonsense.
+
+ * git grep -c said "/dev/null: 0".
+
+ * git-add -u failed to recognize a blob whose type changed
+   between the index and the work tree.
+
+ * The limit to rename detection has been tightened a lot to
+   reduce performance problems with a huge change.
+
+ * cvsimport and svnimport barfed when the input tried to move
+   a tag.
+
+ * "git apply -pN" did not chop the right number of directories.
+
+ * "git svnimport" did not like SVN tags with funny characters in them.
+
+ * git-gui 0.8.3, with assorted fixes, including:
+
+   - font-chooser on X11 was unusable with large number of fonts;
+   - a diff that contained a deleted symlink made it barf;
+   - an untracked symbolic link to a directory made it fart;
+   - a file with % in its name made it vomit;
+
+
+Documentation updates
+---------------------
+
+User manual has been somewhat restructured.  I think the new
+organization is much easier to read.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d213846951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.2
+--------------------
+
+ * git-quiltimport did not like it when a patch described in the
+   series file does not exist.
+
+ * p4 importer missed executable bit in some cases.
+
+ * The default shell on some FreeBSD did not execute the
+   argument parsing code correctly and made git unusable.
+
+ * git-svn incorrectly spawned pager even when the user
+   explicitly asked not to.
+
+ * sample post-receive hook overquoted the envelope sender
+   value.
+
+ * git-am got confused when the patch contained a change that is
+   only about type and not contents.
+
+ * git-mergetool did not show our and their version of the
+   conflicted file when started from a subdirectory of the
+   project.
+
+ * git-mergetool did not pass correct options when invoking diff3.
+
+ * git-log sometimes invoked underlying "diff" machinery
+   unnecessarily.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b04b3a45a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Change to "git-ls-files" in v1.5.3.3 that was introduced to support
+   partial commit of removal better had a segfaulting bug, which was
+   diagnosed and fixed by Keith and Carl.
+
+ * Performance improvements for rename detection has been backported
+   from the 'master' branch.
+
+ * "git-for-each-ref --format='%(numparent)'" was not working
+   correctly at all, and --format='%(parent)' was not working for
+   merge commits.
+
+ * Sample "post-receive-hook" incorrectly sent out push
+   notification e-mails marked as "From: " the committer of the
+   commit that happened to be at the tip of the branch that was
+   pushed, not from the person who pushed.
+
+ * "git-remote" did not exit non-zero status upon error.
+
+ * "git-add -i" did not respond very well to EOF from tty nor
+   bogus input.
+
+ * "git-rebase -i" squash subcommand incorrectly made the
+   author of later commit the author of resulting commit,
+   instead of taking from the first one in the squashed series.
+
+ * "git-stash apply --index" was not documented.
+
+ * autoconfiguration learned that "ar" command is found as "gas" on
+   some systems.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ff1d5d0d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Comes with git-gui 0.8.4.
+
+ * "git-config" silently ignored options after --list; now it will
+   error out with a usage message.
+
+ * "git-config --file" failed if the argument used a relative path
+   as it changed directories before opening the file.
+
+ * "git-config --file" now displays a proper error message if it
+   cannot read the file specified on the command line.
+
+ * "git-config", "git-diff", "git-apply" failed if run from a
+   subdirectory with relative GIT_DIR and GIT_WORK_TREE set.
+
+ * "git-blame" crashed if run during a merge conflict.
+
+ * "git-add -i" did not handle single line hunks correctly.
+
+ * "git-rebase -i" and "git-stash apply" failed if external diff
+   drivers were used for one or more files in a commit.  They now
+   avoid calling the external diff drivers.
+
+ * "git-log --follow" did not work unless diff generation (e.g. -p)
+   was also requested.
+
+ * "git-log --follow -B" did not work at all.  Fixed.
+
+ * "git-log -M -B" did not correctly handle cases of very large files
+   being renamed and replaced by very small files in the same commit.
+
+ * "git-log" printed extra newlines between commits when a diff
+   was generated internally (e.g. -S or --follow) but not displayed.
+
+ * "git-push" error message is more helpful when pushing to a
+   repository with no matching refs and none specified.
+
+ * "git-push" now respects + (force push) on wildcard refspecs,
+   matching the behavior of git-fetch.
+
+ * "git-filter-branch" now updates the working directory when it
+   has finished filtering the current branch.
+
+ * "git-instaweb" no longer fails on Mac OS X.
+
+ * "git-cvsexportcommit" didn't always create new parent directories
+   before trying to create new child directories.  Fixed.
+
+ * "git-fetch" printed a scary (but bogus) error message while
+   fetching a tag that pointed to a tree or blob.  The error did
+   not impact correctness, only user perception.  The bogus error
+   is no longer printed.
+
+ * "git-ls-files --ignored" did not properly descend into non-ignored
+   directories that themselves contained ignored files if d_type
+   was not supported by the filesystem.  This bug impacted systems
+   such as AFS.  Fixed.
+
+ * Git segfaulted when reading an invalid .gitattributes file.  Fixed.
+
+ * post-receive-email example hook was fixed for non-fast-forward
+   updates.
+
+ * Documentation updates for supported (but previously undocumented)
+   options of "git-archive" and "git-reflog".
+
+ * "make clean" no longer deletes the configure script that ships
+   with the git tarball, making multiple architecture builds easier.
+
+ * "git-remote show origin" spewed a warning message from Perl
+   when no remote is defined for the current branch via
+   branch.<name>.remote configuration settings.
+
+ * Building with NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER excessively rebuilt contents
+   of perl/ subdirectory by rewriting perl.mak.
+
+ * http.sslVerify configuration settings were not used in scripted
+   Porcelains.
+
+ * "git-add" leaked a bit of memory while scanning for files to add.
+
+ * A few workarounds to squelch false warnings from recent gcc have
+   been added.
+
+ * "git-send-pack $remote frotz" segfaulted when there is nothing
+   named 'frotz' on the local end.
+
+ * "git-rebase --interactive" did not handle its "--strategy" option
+   properly.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..069a2b2cf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.5
+--------------------
+
+ * git-cvsexportcommit handles root commits better.
+
+ * git-svn dcommit used to clobber when sending a series of
+   patches.
+
+ * git-svn dcommit failed after attempting to rebase when
+   started with a dirty index; now it stops upfront.
+
+ * git-grep sometimes refused to work when your index was
+   unmerged.
+
+ * "git-grep -A1 -B2" acted as if it was told to run "git -A1 -B21".
+
+ * git-hash-object did not honor configuration variables, such as
+   core.compression.
+
+ * git-index-pack choked on a huge pack on 32-bit machines, even when
+   large file offsets are supported.
+
+ * atom feeds from git-web said "10" for the month of November.
+
+ * a memory leak in commit walker was plugged.
+
+ * When git-send-email inserted the original author's From:
+   address in body, it did not mark the message with
+   Content-type: as needed.
+
+ * git-revert and git-cherry-pick incorrectly refused to start
+   when the work tree was dirty.
+
+ * git-clean did not honor core.excludesfile configuration.
+
+ * git-add mishandled ".gitignore" files when applying them to
+   subdirectories.
+
+ * While importing a too branchy history, git-fastimport did not
+   honor delta depth limit properly.
+
+ * Support for zlib implementations that lack ZLIB_VERNUM and definition
+   of deflateBound() has been added.
+
+ * Quite a lot of documentation clarifications.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f690616c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.6
+--------------------
+
+ * git-send-email added 8-bit contents to the payload without
+   marking it as 8-bit in a CTE header.
+
+ * "git-bundle create a.bndl HEAD" dereferenced the symref and
+   did not record the ref as 'HEAD'; this prevented a bundle
+   from being used as a normal source of git-clone.
+
+ * The code to reject nonsense command line of the form
+   "git-commit -a paths..." and "git-commit --interactive
+   paths..." were broken.
+
+ * Adding a signature that is not ASCII-only to an original
+   commit that is ASCII-only would make the result non-ASCII.
+   "git-format-patch -s" did not mark such a message correctly
+   with MIME encoding header.
+
+ * git-add sometimes did not mark the resulting index entry
+   stat-clean.  This affected only cases when adding the
+   contents with the same length as the previously staged
+   contents, and the previous staging made the index entry
+   "racily clean".
+
+ * git-commit did not honor GIT_INDEX_FILE the user had in the
+   environment.
+
+ * When checking out a revision, git-checkout did not report where the
+   updated HEAD is if you happened to have a file called HEAD in the
+   work tree.
+
+ * "git-rev-list --objects" mishandled a tree that points at a
+   submodule.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" was not ready for packed refs that "git gc" can
+   produce and gave incorrect results.
+
+ * Many scripted Porcelains were confused when you happened to have a
+   file called "HEAD" in your work tree.
+
+Also it contains updates to the user manual and documentation.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e3ff58a46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+GIT v1.5.3.8 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3.7
+--------------------
+
+ * Some documentation used "email.com" as an example domain.
+
+ * git-svn fix to handle funky branch and project names going over
+   http/https correctly.
+
+ * git-svn fix to tone down a needlessly alarming warning message.
+
+ * git-clone did not correctly report errors while fetching over http.
+
+ * git-send-email added redundant Message-Id: header to the outgoing
+   e-mail when the patch text already had one.
+
+ * a read-beyond-end-of-buffer bug in configuration file updater was fixed.
+
+ * git-grep used to show the same hit repeatedly for unmerged paths.
+
+ * After amending the patch title in "git-am -i", the command did not
+   report the patch it applied with the updated title.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0668d3c0ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+GIT v1.5.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.5.2
+--------------------
+
+* The commit walkers other than http are officially deprecated,
+  but still supported for now.
+
+* The submodule support has Porcelain layer.
+
+  Note that the current submodule support is minimal and this is
+  deliberately so.  A design decision we made is that operations
+  at the supermodule level do not recurse into submodules by
+  default.  The expectation is that later we would add a
+  mechanism to tell git which submodules the user is interested
+  in, and this information might be used to determine the
+  recursive behaviour of certain commands (e.g. "git checkout"
+  and "git diff"), but currently we haven't agreed on what that
+  mechanism should look like.  Therefore, if you use submodules,
+  you would probably need "git submodule update" on the
+  submodules you care about after running a "git checkout" at
+  the supermodule level.
+
+* There are a handful pack-objects changes to help you cope better
+  with repositories with pathologically large blobs in them.
+
+* For people who need to import from Perforce, a front-end for
+  fast-import is in contrib/fast-import/.
+
+* Comes with git-gui 0.8.2.
+
+* Comes with updated gitk.
+
+* New commands and options.
+
+  - "git log --date=<format>" can use more formats: iso8601, rfc2822.
+
+  - The hunk header output from "git diff" family can be customized
+    with the attributes mechanism.  See gitattributes(5) for details.
+
+  - "git stash" allows you to quickly save away your work in
+    progress and replay it later on an updated state.
+
+  - "git rebase" learned an "interactive" mode that let you
+    pick and reorder which commits to rebuild.
+
+  - "git fsck" can save its findings in $GIT_DIR/lost-found, without a
+    separate invocation of "git lost-found" command.  The blobs stored by
+    lost-found are stored in plain format to allow you to grep in them.
+
+  - $GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable can be used together with
+    $GIT_DIR to work in a subdirectory of a working tree that is
+    not located at "$GIT_DIR/..".
+
+  - Giving "--file=<file>" option to "git config" is the same as
+    running the command with GIT_CONFIG=<file> environment.
+
+  - "git log" learned a new option "--follow", to follow
+    renaming history of a single file.
+
+  - "git filter-branch" lets you rewrite the revision history of
+    specified branches. You can specify a number of filters to
+    modify the commits, files and trees.
+
+  - "git cvsserver" learned new options (--base-path, --export-all,
+    --strict-paths) inspired by "git daemon".
+
+  - "git daemon --base-path-relaxed" can help migrating a repository URL
+    that did not use to use --base-path to use --base-path.
+
+  - "git commit" can use "-t templatefile" option and commit.template
+    configuration variable to prime the commit message given to you in the
+    editor.
+
+  - "git submodule" command helps you manage the projects from
+    the superproject that contain them.
+
+  - In addition to core.compression configuration option,
+    core.loosecompression and pack.compression options can
+    independently tweak zlib compression levels used for loose
+    and packed objects.
+
+  - "git ls-tree -l" shows size of blobs pointed at by the
+    tree entries, similar to "/bin/ls -l".
+
+  - "git rev-list" learned --regexp-ignore-case and
+    --extended-regexp options to tweak its matching logic used
+    for --grep filtering.
+
+  - "git describe --contains" is a handier way to call more
+    obscure command "git name-rev --tags".
+
+  - "git gc --aggressive" tells the command to spend more cycles
+    to optimize the repository harder.
+
+  - "git repack" learned a "window-memory" limit which
+    dynamically reduces the window size to stay within the
+    specified memory usage.
+
+  - "git repack" can be told to split resulting packs to avoid
+    exceeding limit specified with "--max-pack-size".
+
+  - "git fsck" gained --verbose option.  This is really really
+    verbose but it might help you identify exact commit that is
+    corrupt in your repository.
+
+  - "git format-patch" learned --numbered-files option.  This
+    may be useful for MH users.
+
+  - "git format-patch" learned format.subjectprefix configuration
+    variable, which serves the same purpose as "--subject-prefix"
+    option.
+
+  - "git tag -n -l" shows tag annotations while listing tags.
+
+  - "git cvsimport" can optionally use the separate-remote layout.
+
+  - "git blame" can be told to see through commits that change
+    whitespaces and indentation levels with "-w" option.
+
+  - "git send-email" can be told not to thread the messages when
+    sending out more than one patches.
+
+  - "git send-email" can also be told how to find whom to cc the
+    message to for each message via --cc-cmd.
+
+  - "git config" learned NUL terminated output format via -z to
+    help scripts.
+
+  - "git add" learned "--refresh <paths>..." option to selectively refresh
+    the cached stat information.
+
+  - "git init -q" makes the command quieter.
+
+  - "git -p command" now has a cousin of opposite sex, "git --no-pager
+    command".
+
+* Updated behavior of existing commands.
+
+  - "gitweb" can offer multiple snapshot formats.
+
+    ***NOTE*** Unfortunately, this changes the format of the
+    $feature{snapshot}{default} entry in the per-site
+    configuration file 'gitweb_config.perl'.  It used to be a
+    three-element tuple that describe a single format; with the
+    new configuration item format, you only have to say the name
+    of the format ('tgz', 'tbz2' or 'zip').  Please update the
+    your configuration file accordingly.
+
+  - "git clone" uses -l (hardlink files under .git) by default when
+    cloning locally.
+
+  - URL used for "git clone" and friends can specify nonstandard SSH port
+    by using ssh://host:port/path/to/repo syntax.
+
+  - "git bundle create" can now create a bundle without negative refs,
+    i.e. "everything since the beginning up to certain points".
+
+  - "git diff" (but not the plumbing level "git diff-tree") now
+    recursively descends into trees by default.
+
+  - "git diff" does not show differences that come only from
+    stat-dirtiness in the form of "diff --git" header anymore.
+    It runs "update-index --refresh" silently as needed.
+
+  - "git tag -l" used to match tags by globbing its parameter as if it
+    has wildcard '*' on both ends, which made "git tag -l gui" to match
+    tag 'gitgui-0.7.0'; this was very annoying.  You now have to add
+    asterisk on the sides you want to wildcard yourself.
+
+  - The editor to use with many interactive commands can be
+    overridden with GIT_EDITOR environment variable, or if it
+    does not exist, with core.editor configuration variable.  As
+    before, if you have neither, environment variables VISUAL
+    and EDITOR are consulted in this order, and then finally we
+    fall back on "vi".
+
+  - "git rm --cached" does not complain when removing a newly
+    added file from the index anymore.
+
+  - Options to "git log" to affect how --grep/--author options look for
+    given strings now have shorter abbreviations.  -i is for ignore case,
+    and -E is for extended regexp.
+
+  - "git log" learned --log-size to show the number of bytes in
+    the log message part of the output to help qgit.
+
+  - "git log --name-status" does not require you to give "-r" anymore.
+    As a general rule, Porcelain commands should recurse when showing
+    diff.
+
+  - "git format-patch --root A" can be used to format everything
+    since the beginning up to A.  This was supported with
+    "git format-patch --root A A" for a long time, but was not
+    properly documented.
+
+  - "git svn dcommit" retains local merge information.
+
+  - "git svnimport" allows an empty string to be specified as the
+    trunk/ directory.  This is necessary to suck data from a SVN
+    repository that doe not have trunk/ branches/ and tags/ organization
+    at all.
+
+  - "git config" to set values also honors type flags like --bool
+    and --int.
+
+  - core.quotepath configuration can be used to make textual git
+    output to emit most of the characters in the path literally.
+
+  - "git mergetool" chooses its backend more wisely, taking
+    notice of its environment such as use of X, Gnome/KDE, etc.
+
+  - "gitweb" shows merge commits a lot nicer than before.  The
+    default view uses more compact --cc format, while the UI
+    allows to choose normal diff with any parent.
+
+  - snapshot files "gitweb" creates from a repository at
+    $path/$project/.git are more useful.  We use $project part
+    in the filename, which we used to discard.
+
+  - "git cvsimport" creates lightweight tags; there is no
+    interesting information we can record in an annotated tag,
+    and the handcrafted ones the old code created was not
+    properly formed anyway.
+
+  - "git push" pretends that you immediately fetched back from
+    the remote by updating corresponding remote tracking
+    branches if you have any.
+
+  - The diffstat given after a merge (or a pull) honors the
+    color.diff configuration.
+
+  - "git commit --amend" is now compatible with various message source
+    options such as -m/-C/-c/-F.
+
+  - "git apply --whitespace=strip" removes blank lines added at
+    the end of the file.
+
+  - "git fetch" over git native protocols with "-v" option shows
+    connection status, and the IP address of the other end, to
+    help diagnosing problems.
+
+  - We used to have core.legacyheaders configuration, when
+    set to false, allowed git to write loose objects in a format
+    that mimics the format used by objects stored in packs.  It
+    turns out that this was not so useful.  Although we will
+    continue to read objects written in that format, we do not
+    honor that configuration anymore and create loose objects in
+    the legacy/traditional format.
+
+  - "--find-copies-harder" option to diff family can now be
+    spelled as "-C -C" for brevity.
+
+  - "git mailsplit" (hence "git am") can read from Maildir
+    formatted mailboxes.
+
+  - "git cvsserver" does not barf upon seeing "cvs login"
+    request.
+
+  - "pack-objects" honors "delta" attribute set in
+    .gitattributes.  It does not attempt to deltify blobs that
+    come from paths with delta attribute set to false.
+
+  - "new-workdir" script (in contrib) can now be used with a
+    bare repository.
+
+  - "git mergetool" learned to use gvimdiff.
+
+  - "gitview" (in contrib) has a better blame interface.
+
+  - "git log" and friends did not handle a commit log message
+    that is larger than 16kB; they do now.
+
+  - "--pretty=oneline" output format for "git log" and friends
+    deals with "malformed" commit log messages that have more
+    than one lines in the first paragraph better.  We used to
+    show the first line, cutting the title at mid-sentence; we
+    concatenate them into a single line and treat the result as
+    "oneline".
+
+  - "git p4import" has been demoted to contrib status.  For
+    a superior option, checkout the "git p4" front end to
+    "git fast-import" (also in contrib).  The man page and p4
+    rpm have been removed as well.
+
+  - "git mailinfo" (hence "am") now tries to see if the message
+    is in utf-8 first, instead of assuming iso-8859-1, if
+    incoming e-mail does not say what encoding it is in.
+
+* Builds
+
+  - old-style function definitions (most notably, a function
+    without parameter defined with "func()", not "func(void)")
+    have been eradicated.
+
+  - "git tag" and "git verify-tag" have been rewritten in C.
+
+* Performance Tweaks
+
+  - "git pack-objects" avoids re-deltification cost by caching
+    small enough delta results it creates while looking for the
+    best delta candidates.
+
+  - "git pack-objects" learned a new heuristic to prefer delta
+    that is shallower in depth over the smallest delta
+    possible.  This improves both overall packfile access
+    performance and packfile density.
+
+  - diff-delta code that is used for packing has been improved
+    to work better on big files.
+
+  - when there are more than one pack files in the repository,
+    the runtime used to try finding an object always from the
+    newest packfile; it now tries the same packfile as we found
+    the object requested the last time, which exploits the
+    locality of references.
+
+  - verifying pack contents done by "git fsck --full" got boost
+    by carefully choosing the order to verify objects in them.
+
+  - "git read-tree -m" to read into an already populated index
+    has been optimized vastly.  The effect of this can be seen
+    when switching branches that have differences in only a
+    handful paths.
+
+  - "git add paths..." and "git commit paths..." has also been
+    heavily optimized.
+
+Fixes since v1.5.2
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.5.2 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - "gitweb" had trouble handling non UTF-8 text with older
+    Encode.pm Perl module.
+
+  - "git svn" misparsed the data from the commits in the repository when
+    the user had "color.diff = true" in the configuration.  This has been
+    fixed.
+
+  - There was a case where "git svn dcommit" clobbered changes made on the
+    SVN side while committing multiple changes.
+
+  - "git-write-tree" had a bad interaction with racy-git avoidance and
+    gitattributes mechanisms.
+
+  - "git --bare command" overrode existing GIT_DIR setting and always
+    made it treat the current working directory as GIT_DIR.
+
+  - "git ls-files --error-unmatch" does not complain if you give the
+    same path pattern twice by mistake.
+
+  - "git init" autodetected core.filemode but not core.symlinks, which
+    made a new directory created automatically by "git clone" cumbersome
+    to use on filesystems that require these configurations to be set.
+
+  - "git log" family of commands behaved differently when run as "git
+    log" (no pathspec) and as "git log --" (again, no pathspec).  This
+    inconsistency was introduced somewhere in v1.3.0 series but now has
+    been corrected.
+
+  - "git rebase -m" incorrectly displayed commits that were skipped.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4e44b8b09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4
+------------------
+
+ * "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in
+   1.5.4 broke it.
+
+ * An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a
+   subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match
+   correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should
+   match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't).
+
+ * Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when
+   numeric color values are used.  This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21d0df59fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4
+------------------
+
+ * The configuration parser was not prepared to see string
+   valued variables misspelled as boolean and segfaulted.
+
+ * Temporary files left behind due to interrupted object
+   transfers were not cleaned up with "git prune".
+
+ * "git config --unset" was confused when the unset variables
+   were spelled with continuation lines in the config file.
+
+ * The merge message detection in "git cvsimport" did not catch
+   a message that began with "Merge...".
+
+ * "git status" suggests "git rm --cached" for unstaging the
+   earlier "git add" before the initial commit.
+
+ * "git status" output was incorrect during a partial commit.
+
+ * "git bisect" refused to start when the HEAD was detached.
+
+ * "git bisect" allowed a wildcard character in the commit
+   message expanded while writing its log file.
+
+ * Manual pages were not formatted correctly with docbook xsl
+   1.72; added a workaround.
+
+ * "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in
+   1.5.4 broke it.  This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
+
+ * An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a
+   subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match
+   correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should
+   match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't).  This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
+
+ * Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when
+   numeric color values are used.  This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
+
+ * http transport misbehaved when linked with curl-gnutls.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0fc67fb2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4.2
+--------------------
+
+ * RPM spec used to pull in everything with 'git'.  This has been
+   changed so that 'git' package contains just the core parts,
+   and we now supply 'git-all' metapackage to slurp in everything.
+   This should match end user's expectation better.
+
+ * When some refs failed to update, git-push reported "failure"
+   which was unclear if some other refs were updated or all of
+   them failed atomically (the answer is the former).  Reworded
+   the message to clarify this.
+
+ * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD was misconfigured
+   did not set up the remote properly.  Now it tries to do
+   better.
+
+ * Updated git-push documentation to clarify what "matching"
+   means, in order to reduce user confusion.
+
+ * Updated git-add documentation to clarify "add -u" operates in
+   the current subdirectory you are in, just like other commands.
+
+ * git-gui updates to work on OSX and Windows better.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..323c1a88c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Building and installing with an overtight umask such as 077 made
+   installed templates unreadable by others, while the rest of the install
+   are done in a way that is friendly to umask 022.
+
+ * "git cvsexportcommit -w $cvsdir" misbehaved when GIT_DIR is set to a
+   relative directory.
+
+ * "git http-push" had an invalid memory access that could lead it to
+   segfault.
+
+ * When "git rebase -i" gave control back to the user for a commit that is
+   marked to be edited, it just said "modify it with commit --amend",
+   without saying what to do to continue after modifying it.  Give an
+   explicit instruction to run "rebase --continue" to be more helpful.
+
+ * "git send-email" in 1.5.4.3 issued a bogus empty In-Reply-To: header.
+
+ * "git bisect" showed mysterious "won't bisect on seeked tree" error message.
+   This was leftover from Cogito days to prevent "bisect" starting from a
+   cg-seeked state.  We still keep the Cogito safety, but running "git bisect
+   start" when another bisect was in effect will clean up and start over.
+
+ * "git push" with an explicit PATH to receive-pack did not quite work if
+   receive-pack was not on usual PATH.  We earlier fixed the same issue
+   with "git fetch" and upload-pack, but somehow forgot to do so in the
+   other direction.
+
+ * git-gui's info dialog was not displayed correctly when the user tries
+   to commit nothing (i.e. without staging anything).
+
+ * "git revert" did not properly fail when attempting to run with a
+   dirty index.
+
+ * "git merge --no-commit --no-ff <other>" incorrectly made commits.
+
+ * "git merge --squash --no-ff <other>", which is a nonsense combination
+   of options, was not rejected.
+
+ * "git ls-remote" and "git remote show" against an empty repository
+   failed, instead of just giving an empty result (regression).
+
+ * "git fast-import" did not handle a renamed path whose name needs to be
+   quoted, due to a bug in unquote_c_style() function.
+
+ * "git cvsexportcommit" was confused when multiple files with the same
+   basename needed to be pushed out in the same commit.
+
+ * "git daemon" did not send early errors to syslog.
+
+ * "git log --merge" did not work well with --left-right option.
+
+ * "git svn" prompted for client cert password every time it accessed the
+   server.
+
+ * The reset command in "git fast-import" data stream was documented to
+   end with an optional LF, but it actually required one.
+
+ * "git svn dcommit/rebase" did not honor --rewrite-root option.
+
+Also included are a handful documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbd130e36d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4.4
+--------------------
+
+ * "git fetch there" when the URL information came from the Cogito style
+   branches/there file did not update refs/heads/there (regression in
+   1.5.4).
+
+ * Bogus refspec configuration such as "remote.there.fetch = =" were not
+   detected as errors (regression in 1.5.4).
+
+ * You couldn't specify a custom editor whose path contains a whitespace
+   via GIT_EDITOR (and core.editor).
+
+ * The subdirectory filter to "git filter-branch" mishandled a history
+   where the subdirectory becomes empty and then later becomes non-empty.
+
+ * "git shortlog" gave an empty line if the original commit message was
+   malformed (e.g. a botched import from foreign SCM).  Now it finds the
+   first non-empty line and uses it for better information.
+
+ * When the user fails to give a revision parameter to "git svn", an error
+   from the Perl interpreter was issued because the script lacked proper
+   error checking.
+
+ * After "git rebase" stopped due to conflicts, if the user played with
+   "git reset" and friends, "git rebase --abort" failed to go back to the
+   correct commit.
+
+ * Additional work trees prepared with git-new-workdir (in contrib/) did
+   not share git-svn metadata directory .git/svn with the original.
+
+ * "git-merge-recursive" did not mark addition of the same path with
+   different filemodes correctly as a conflict.
+
+ * "gitweb" gave malformed URL when pathinfo stype paths are in use.
+
+ * "-n" stands for "--no-tags" again for "git fetch".
+
+ * "git format-patch" did not detect the need to add 8-bit MIME header
+   when the user used format.header configuration.
+
+ * "rev~" revision specifier used to mean "rev", which was inconsistent
+   with how "rev^" worked.  Now "rev~" is the same as "rev~1" (hence it
+   also is the same as "rev^1"), and "rev~0" is the same as "rev^0"
+   (i.e. it has to be a commit).
+
+ * "git quiltimport" did not grok empty lines, lines in "file -pNNN"
+   format to specify the prefix levels and lines with trailing comments.
+
+ * "git rebase -m" triggered pre-commit verification, which made
+   "rebase --continue" impossible.
+
+As usual, it also comes with many documentation fixes and clarifications.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e3c3e55a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+I personally do not think there is any reason anybody should want to
+run v1.5.4.X series these days, because 'master' version is always
+more stable than any tagged released version of git.
+
+This is primarily to futureproof "git-shell" to accept requests
+without a dash between "git" and subcommand name (e.g. "git
+upload-pack") which the newer client will start to make sometime in
+the future.
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4.5
+--------------------
+
+ * Command line option "-n" to "git-repack" was not correctly parsed.
+
+ * Error messages from "git-apply" when the patchfile cannot be opened
+   have been improved.
+
+ * Error messages from "git-bisect" when given nonsense revisions have
+   been improved.
+
+ * reflog syntax that uses time e.g. "HEAD@{10 seconds ago}:path" did not
+   stop parsing at the closing "}".
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name ^master^2" printed solitary "^",
+   but it should print nothing.
+
+ * "git apply" did not enforce "match at the beginning" correctly.
+
+ * a path specification "a/b" in .gitattributes file should not match
+   "sub/a/b", but it did.
+
+ * "git log --date-order --topo-order" did not override the earlier
+   date-order with topo-order as expected.
+
+ * "git fast-export" did not export octopus merges correctly.
+
+ * "git archive --prefix=$path/" mishandled gitattributes.
+
+As usual, it also comes with many documentation fixes and clarifications.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9065a0e273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.4.7
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1323b6174
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+GIT v1.5.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Removal
+-------
+
+ * "git svnimport" was removed in favor of "git svn".  It is still there
+   in the source tree (contrib/examples) but unsupported.
+
+ * As git-commit and git-status have been rewritten, "git runstatus"
+   helper script lost all its users and has been removed.
+
+
+Temporarily disabled
+--------------------
+
+ * "git http-push" is known not to work well with cURL library older
+   than 7.16, and we had reports of repository corruption.  It is
+   disabled on such platforms for now.  Unfortunately, 1.5.3.8 shares
+   the same issue.  In other words, this does not mean you will be
+   fine if you stick to an older git release.  For now, please do not
+   use http-push from older git with cURL older than 7.16 if you
+   value your data. A proper fix will hopefully materialize in
+   later versions.
+
+
+Deprecation notices
+-------------------
+
+ * From v1.6.0, git will by default install dashed form of commands
+   (e.g. "git-commit") outside of users' normal $PATH, and will install
+   only selected commands ("git" itself, and "gitk") in $PATH.  This
+   implies:
+
+   - Using dashed forms of git commands (e.g. "git-commit") from the
+     command line has been informally deprecated since early 2006, but
+     now it officially is, and will be removed in the future.  Use
+     dash-less forms (e.g. "git commit") instead.
+
+   - Using dashed forms from your scripts, without first prepending the
+     return value from "git --exec-path" to the scripts' PATH, has been
+     informally deprecated since early 2006, but now it officially is.
+
+   - Use of dashed forms with "PATH=$(git --exec-path):$PATH; export
+     PATH" early in your script is not deprecated with this change.
+
+   Users are strongly encouraged to adjust their habits and scripts now
+   to prepare for this change.
+
+ * The post-receive hook was introduced in March 2007 to supersede
+   the post-update hook, primarily to overcome the command line length
+   limitation of the latter.  Use of post-update hook will be deprecated
+   in future versions of git, starting from v1.6.0.
+
+ * "git lost-found" was deprecated in favor of "git fsck"'s --lost-found
+   option, and will be removed in the future.
+
+ * "git peek-remote" is deprecated, as "git ls-remote" was written in C
+   and works for all transports; "git peek-remote" will be removed in
+   the future.
+
+ * "git repo-config" which was an old name for "git config" command
+   has been supported without being advertised for a long time.  The
+   next feature release will remove it.
+
+ * From v1.6.0, the repack.usedeltabaseoffset config option will default
+   to true, which will give denser packfiles (i.e. more efficient storage).
+   The downside is that git older than version 1.4.4 will not be able
+   to directly use a repository packed using this setting.
+
+ * From v1.6.0, the pack.indexversion config option will default to 2,
+   which is slightly more efficient, and makes repacking more immune to
+   data corruptions.  Git older than version 1.5.2 may revert to version 1
+   of the pack index with a manual "git index-pack" to be able to directly
+   access corresponding pack files.
+
+
+Updates since v1.5.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Comes with much improved gitk, with i18n.
+
+ * Comes with git-gui 0.9.2 with i18n.
+
+ * gitk is now merged as a subdirectory of git.git project, in
+   preparation for its i18n.
+
+ * progress displays from many commands are a lot nicer to the eye.
+   Transfer commands show throughput data.
+
+ * many commands that pay attention to per-directory .gitignore now do
+   so lazily, which makes the usual case go much faster.
+
+ * Output processing for '--pretty=format:<user format>' has been
+   optimized.
+
+ * Rename detection of diff family while detecting exact matches has
+   been greatly optimized.
+
+ * Rename detection of diff family tries to make more natural looking
+   pairing.  Earlier, if multiple identical rename sources were
+   found in the preimage, the source used was picked pretty much at random.
+
+ * Value "true" for color.diff and color.status configuration used to
+   mean "always" (even when the output is not going to a terminal).
+   This has been corrected to mean the same thing as "auto".
+
+ * "git diff" Porcelain now respects diff.external configuration, which
+   is another way to specify GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF.
+
+ * "git diff" can be told to use different prefixes other than
+   "a/" and "b/" e.g. "git diff --src-prefix=l/ --dst-prefix=k/".
+
+ * "git diff" sometimes did not quote paths with funny
+   characters properly.
+
+ * "git log" (and any revision traversal commands) misbehaved
+   when --diff-filter is given but was not asked to actually
+   produce diff.
+
+ * HTTP proxy can be specified per remote repository using
+   remote.*.httpproxy configuration, or global http.proxy configuration
+   variable.
+
+ * Various Perforce importer updates.
+
+ * Example update and post-receive hooks have been improved.
+
+ * Any command that wants to take a commit object name can now use
+   ":/string" syntax to name a commit.
+
+ * "git reset" is now built-in and its output can be squelched with -q.
+
+ * "git reset --hard" does not make any sense in a bare
+   repository, but did not error out; fixed.
+
+ * "git send-email" can optionally talk over ssmtp and use SMTP-AUTH.
+
+ * "git rebase" learned --whitespace option.
+
+ * In "git rebase", when you decide not to replay a particular change
+   after the command stopped with a conflict, you can say "git rebase
+   --skip" without first running "git reset --hard", as the command now
+   runs it for you.
+
+ * "git rebase --interactive" mode can now work on detached HEAD.
+
+ * Other minor to serious bugs in "git rebase -i" have been fixed.
+
+ * "git rebase" now detaches head during its operation, so after a
+   successful "git rebase" operation, the reflog entry branch@{1} for
+   the current branch points at the commit before the rebase was
+   started.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" also triggers rerere to help your repeated merges.
+
+ * "git merge" can call the "post-merge" hook.
+
+ * "git pack-objects" can optionally run deltification with multiple
+   threads.
+
+ * "git archive" can optionally substitute keywords in files marked with
+   export-subst attribute.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" made a misguided attempt to repeat the original
+   command line in the generated log message, when told to cherry-pick a
+   commit by naming a tag that points at it.  It does not anymore.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" learned %(xxxdate:<date-format>) syntax to show the
+   various date fields in different formats.
+
+ * "git gc --auto" is a low-impact way to automatically run a variant of
+   "git repack" that does not lose unreferenced objects (read: safer
+   than the usual one) after the user accumulates too many loose
+   objects.
+
+ * "git clean" has been rewritten in C.
+
+ * You need to explicitly set clean.requireForce to "false" to allow
+   "git clean" without -f to do any damage (lack of the configuration
+   variable used to mean "do not require -f option to lose untracked
+   files", but we now use the safer default).
+
+ * The kinds of whitespace errors "git diff" and "git apply" notice (and
+   fix) can be controlled via 'core.whitespace' configuration variable
+   and 'whitespace' attribute in .gitattributes file.
+
+ * "git push" learned --dry-run option to show what would happen if a
+   push is run.
+
+ * "git push" does not update a tracking ref on the local side when the
+   remote refused to update the corresponding ref.
+
+ * "git push" learned --mirror option.  This is to push the local refs
+   one-to-one to the remote, and deletes refs from the remote that do
+   not exist anymore in the repository on the pushing side.
+
+ * "git push" can remove a corrupt ref at the remote site with the usual
+   ":ref" refspec.
+
+ * "git remote" knows --mirror mode.  This is to set up configuration to
+   push into a remote repository to store local branch heads to the same
+   branch on the remote side, and remove branch heads locally removed
+   from local repository at the same time.  Suitable for pushing into a
+   back-up repository.
+
+ * "git remote" learned "rm" subcommand.
+
+ * "git cvsserver" can be run via "git shell".  Also, "cvs" is
+   recognized as a synonym for "git cvsserver", so that CVS users
+   can be switched to git just by changing their login shell.
+
+ * "git cvsserver" acts more like receive-pack by running post-receive
+   and post-update hooks.
+
+ * "git am" and "git rebase" are far less verbose.
+
+ * "git pull" learned to pass --[no-]ff option to underlying "git
+   merge".
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" is a different way to integrate what you fetched
+   into your current branch.
+
+ * "git fast-export" produces data-stream that can be fed to fast-import
+   to reproduce the history recorded in a git repository.
+
+ * "git add -i" takes pathspecs to limit the set of files to work on.
+
+ * "git add -p" is a short-hand to go directly to the selective patch
+   subcommand in the interactive command loop and to exit when done.
+
+ * "git add -i" UI has been colorized.  The interactive prompt
+   and menu can be colored by setting color.interactive
+   configuration.  The diff output (including the hunk picker)
+   are colored with color.diff configuration.
+
+ * "git commit --allow-empty" allows you to create a single-parent
+   commit that records the same tree as its parent, overriding the usual
+   safety valve.
+
+ * "git commit --amend" can amend a merge that does not change the tree
+   from its first parent.
+
+ * "git commit" used to unconditionally strip comment lines that
+   began with '#' and removed excess blank lines.  This behavior has
+   been made configurable.
+
+ * "git commit" has been rewritten in C.
+
+ * "git stash random-text" does not create a new stash anymore.  It was
+   a UI mistake.  Use "git stash save random-text", or "git stash"
+   (without extra args) for that.
+
+ * "git stash clear extra-text" does not clear the whole stash
+   anymore.  It is tempting to expect "git stash clear stash@{2}"
+   to drop only a single named stash entry, and it is rude to
+   discard everything when that is asked (but not provided).
+
+ * "git prune --expire <time>" can exempt young loose objects from
+   getting pruned.
+
+ * "git branch --contains <commit>" can list branches that are
+   descendants of a given commit.
+
+ * "git log" learned --early-output option to help interactive GUI
+   implementations.
+
+ * "git bisect" learned "skip" action to mark untestable commits.
+
+ * "git bisect visualize" learned a shorter synonym "git bisect view".
+
+ * "git bisect visualize" runs "git log" in a non-windowed
+   environments.  It also can be told what command to run (e.g. "git
+   bisect visualize tig").
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned "format.numbered" configuration variable
+   to automatically turn --numbered option on when more than one commits
+   are formatted.
+
+ * "git ls-files" learned "--exclude-standard" to use the canned set of
+   exclude files.
+
+ * "git tag -a -f existing" begins the editor session using the existing
+   annotation message.
+
+ * "git tag -m one -m bar" (multiple -m options) behaves similarly to
+   "git commit"; the parameters to -m options are formatted as separate
+   paragraphs.
+
+ * The format "git show" outputs an annotated tag has been updated to
+   include "Tagger: " and "Date: " lines from the tag itself.  Strictly
+   speaking this is a backward incompatible change, but this is a
+   reasonable usability fix and people's scripts shouldn't have been
+   relying on the exact output from "git show" Porcelain anyway.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" did not notice errors from underlying "cvsps"
+   and produced a corrupt import silently.
+
+ * "git cvsexportcommit" learned -w option to specify and switch to the
+   CVS working directory.
+
+ * "git checkout" from a subdirectory learned to use "../path" to allow
+   checking out a path outside the current directory without cd'ing up.
+
+ * "git checkout" from and to detached HEAD leaves a bit more
+   information in the reflog.
+
+ * "git send-email --dry-run" shows full headers for easier diagnosis.
+
+ * "git merge-ours" is now built-in.
+
+ * "git svn" learned "info" and "show-externals" subcommands.
+
+ * "git svn" run from a subdirectory failed to read settings from the
+   .git/config.
+
+ * "git svn" learned --use-log-author option, which picks up more
+   descriptive name from From: and Signed-off-by: lines in the commit
+   message.
+
+ * "git svn" wasted way too much disk to record revision mappings
+   between svn and git; a new representation that is much more compact
+   for this information has been introduced to correct this.
+
+ * "git svn" left temporary index files it used without cleaning them
+   up; this was corrected.
+
+ * "git status" from a subdirectory now shows relative paths, which
+   makes copy-and-pasting for git-checkout/git-add/git-rm easier.  The
+   traditional behavior to show the full path relative to the top of
+   the work tree can be had by setting status.relativepaths
+   configuration variable to false.
+
+ * "git blame" kept text for each annotated revision in core needlessly;
+   this has been corrected.
+
+ * "git shortlog" learned to default to HEAD when the standard input is
+   a terminal and the user did not give any revision parameter.
+
+ * "git shortlog" learned "-e" option to show e-mail addresses as well as
+   authors' names.
+
+ * "git help" learned "-w" option to show documentation in browsers.
+
+ * In addition there are quite a few internal clean-ups. Notably:
+
+   - many fork/exec have been replaced with run-command API,
+     brought from the msysgit effort.
+
+   - introduction and more use of the option parser API.
+
+   - enhancement and more use of the strbuf API.
+
+ * Makefile tweaks to support HP-UX is in.
+
+Fixes since v1.5.3
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.5.3 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+These fixes are only in v1.5.4 and not backported to v1.5.3 maintenance
+series.
+
+ * The way "git diff --check" behaves is much more consistent with the way
+   "git apply --whitespace=warn" works.
+
+ * "git svn" talking with the SVN over HTTP will correctly quote branch
+   and project names.
+
+ * "git config" did not work correctly on platforms that define
+   REG_NOMATCH to an even number.
+
+ * Recent versions of AsciiDoc 8 has a change to break our
+   documentation; a workaround has been implemented.
+
+ * "git diff --color-words" colored context lines in a wrong color.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7de419708f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.5
+------------------
+
+ * "git archive --prefix=$path/" mishandled gitattributes.
+
+ * "git fetch -v" that fetches into FETCH_HEAD did not report the summary
+   the same way as done for updating the tracking refs.
+
+ * "git svn" misbehaved when the configuration file customized the "git
+   log" output format using format.pretty.
+
+ * "git submodule status" leaked an unnecessary error message.
+
+ * "git log --date-order --topo-order" did not override the earlier
+   date-order with topo-order as expected.
+
+ * "git bisect good $this" did not check the validity of the revision
+   given properly.
+
+ * "url.<there>.insteadOf" did not work correctly.
+
+ * "git clean" ran inside subdirectory behaved as if the directory was
+   explicitly specified for removal by the end user from the top level.
+
+ * "git bisect" from a detached head leaked an unnecessary error message.
+
+ * "git bisect good $a $b" when $a is Ok but $b is bogus should have
+   atomically failed before marking $a as good.
+
+ * "git fmt-merge-msg" did not clean up leading empty lines from commit
+   log messages like "git log" family does.
+
+ * "git am" recorded a commit with empty Subject: line without
+   complaining.
+
+ * when given a commit log message whose first paragraph consists of
+   multiple lines, "git rebase" squashed it into a single line.
+
+ * "git remote add $bogus_name $url" did not complain properly.
+
+Also comes with various documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..391a7b02ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.5.1
+--------------------
+
+ * "git repack -n" was mistakenly made no-op earlier.
+
+ * "git imap-send" wanted to always have imap.host even when use of
+   imap.tunnel made it unnecessary.
+
+ * reflog syntax that uses time e.g. "HEAD@{10 seconds ago}:path" did not
+   stop parsing at the closing "}".
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name ^master^2" printed solitary "^",
+   but it should print nothing.
+
+ * "git commit" did not detect when it failed to write tree objects.
+
+ * "git fetch" sometimes transferred too many objects unnecessarily.
+
+ * a path specification "a/b" in .gitattributes file should not match
+   "sub/a/b".
+
+ * various gitweb fixes.
+
+Also comes with various documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f22f98b734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.5.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git send-email --compose" did not notice that non-ascii contents
+   needed some MIME magic.
+
+ * "git fast-export" did not export octopus merges correctly.
+
+Also comes with various documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d0279ecce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.5.4
+--------------------
+
+ * "git name-rev --all" used to segfault.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30fa3615c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+I personally do not think there is any reason anybody should want to
+run v1.5.5.X series these days, because 'master' version is always
+more stable than any tagged released version of git.
+
+This is primarily to futureproof "git-shell" to accept requests
+without a dash between "git" and subcommand name (e.g. "git
+upload-pack") which the newer client will start to make sometime in
+the future.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5e85cb70e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.5.5
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2932212488
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+GIT v1.5.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.5.4
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+ * Comes with git-gui 0.10.1
+
+(portability)
+
+ * We shouldn't ask for BSD group ownership semantics by setting g+s bit
+   on directories on older BSD systems that refuses chmod() by non root
+   users.  BSD semantics is the default there anyway.
+
+ * Bunch of portability improvement patches coming from an effort to port
+   to Solaris has been applied.
+
+(performance)
+
+ * On platforms with suboptimal qsort(3) implementation, there
+   is an option to use more reasonable substitute we ship with
+   our software.
+
+ * New configuration variable "pack.packsizelimit" can be used
+   in place of command line option --max-pack-size.
+
+ * "git fetch" over the native git protocol used to make a
+   connection to find out the set of current remote refs and
+   another to actually download the pack data.  We now use only
+   one connection for these tasks.
+
+ * "git commit" does not run lstat(2) more than necessary
+   anymore.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+ * Bash completion script (in contrib) are aware of more commands and
+   options.
+
+ * You can be warned when core.autocrlf conversion is applied in
+   such a way that results in an irreversible conversion.
+
+ * A catch-all "color.ui" configuration variable can be used to
+   enable coloring of all color-capable commands, instead of
+   individual ones such as "color.status" and "color.branch".
+
+ * The commands refused to take absolute pathnames where they
+   require pathnames relative to the work tree or the current
+   subdirectory.  They now can take absolute pathnames in such a
+   case as long as the pathnames do not refer outside of the
+   work tree.  E.g. "git add $(pwd)/foo" now works.
+
+ * Error messages used to be sent to stderr, only to get hidden,
+   when $PAGER was in use.  They now are sent to stdout along
+   with the command output to be shown in the $PAGER.
+
+ * A pattern "foo/" in .gitignore file now matches a directory
+   "foo".  Pattern "foo" also matches as before.
+
+ * bash completion's prompt helper function can talk about
+   operation in-progress (e.g. merge, rebase, etc.).
+
+ * Configuration variables "url.<usethis>.insteadof = <otherurl>" can be
+   used to tell "git-fetch" and "git-push" to use different URL than what
+   is given from the command line.
+
+ * "git add -i" behaves better even before you make an initial commit.
+
+ * "git am" refused to run from a subdirectory without a good reason.
+
+ * After "git apply --whitespace=fix" fixes whitespace errors in a patch,
+   a line before the fix can appear as a context or preimage line in a
+   later patch, causing the patch not to apply.  The command now knows to
+   see through whitespace fixes done to context lines to successfully
+   apply such a patch series.
+
+ * "git branch" (and "git checkout -b") to branch from a local branch can
+   optionally set "branch.<name>.merge" to mark the new branch to build on
+   the other local branch, when "branch.autosetupmerge" is set to
+   "always", or when passing the command line option "--track" (this option
+   was ignored when branching from local branches).  By default, this does
+   not happen when branching from a local branch.
+
+ * "git checkout" to switch to a branch that has "branch.<name>.merge" set
+   (i.e. marked to build on another branch) reports how much the branch
+   and the other branch diverged.
+
+ * When "git checkout" has to update a lot of paths, it used to be silent
+   for 4 seconds before it showed any progress report.  It is now a bit
+   more impatient and starts showing progress report early.
+
+ * "git commit" learned a new hook "prepare-commit-msg" that can
+   inspect what is going to be committed and prepare the commit
+   log message template to be edited.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" can now take more than one -M options.
+
+ * "git describe" learned to limit the tags to be used for
+   naming with --match option.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" now barfs when the named commit
+   cannot be described.
+
+ * "git describe --exact-match" describes only commits that are tagged.
+
+ * "git describe --long" describes a tagged commit as $tag-0-$sha1,
+   instead of just showing the exact tagname.
+
+ * "git describe" warns when using a tag whose name and path contradict
+   with each other.
+
+ * "git diff" learned "--relative" option to limit and output paths
+   relative to the current directory when working in a subdirectory.
+
+ * "git diff" learned "--dirstat" option to show birds-eye-summary of
+   changes more concisely than "--diffstat".
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned --cover-letter option to generate a cover
+   letter template.
+
+ * "git gc" learned --quiet option.
+
+ * "git gc" now automatically prunes unreachable objects that are two
+   weeks old or older.
+
+ * "git gc --auto" can be disabled more easily by just setting gc.auto
+   to zero.  It also tolerates more packfiles by default.
+
+ * "git grep" now knows "--name-only" is a synonym for the "-l" option.
+
+ * "git help <alias>" now reports "'git <alias>' is alias to <what>",
+   instead of saying "No manual entry for git-<alias>".
+
+ * "git help" can use different backends to show manual pages and this can
+   be configured using "man.viewer" configuration.
+
+ * "gitk" does not restore window position from $HOME/.gitk anymore (it
+   still restores the size).
+
+ * "git log --grep=<what>" learned "--fixed-strings" option to look for
+   <what> without treating it as a regular expression.
+
+ * "git gui" learned an auto-spell checking.
+
+ * "git push <somewhere> HEAD" and "git push <somewhere> +HEAD" works as
+   expected; they push the current branch (and only the current branch).
+   In addition, HEAD can be written as the value of "remote.<there>.push"
+   configuration variable.
+
+ * When the configuration variable "pack.threads" is set to 0, "git
+   repack" auto detects the number of CPUs and uses that many threads.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned to prompt for passwords
+   interactively.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned an easier way to suppress CC
+   recipients.
+
+ * "git stash" learned "pop" command, that applies the latest stash and
+   removes it from the stash, and "drop" command to discard the named
+   stash entry.
+
+ * "git submodule" learned a new subcommand "summary" to show the
+   symmetric difference between the HEAD version and the work tree version
+   of the submodule commits.
+
+ * Various "git cvsimport", "git cvsexportcommit", "git cvsserver",
+   "git svn" and "git p4" improvements.
+
+(internal)
+
+ * Duplicated code between git-help and git-instaweb that
+   launches user's preferred browser has been refactored.
+
+ * It is now easier to write test scripts that records known
+   breakages.
+
+ * "git checkout" is rewritten in C.
+
+ * "git remote" is rewritten in C.
+
+ * Two conflict hunks that are separated by a very short span of common
+   lines are now coalesced into one larger hunk, to make the result easier
+   to read.
+
+ * Run-command API's use of file descriptors is documented clearer and
+   is more consistent now.
+
+ * diff output can be sent to FILE * that is different from stdout.  This
+   will help reimplementing more things in C.
+
+Fixes since v1.5.4
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.5.4 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+ * "git-http-push" did not allow deletion of remote ref with the usual
+   "push <remote> :<branch>" syntax.
+
+ * "git-rebase --abort" did not go back to the right location if
+   "git-reset" was run during the "git-rebase" session.
+
+ * "git imap-send" without setting imap.host did not error out but
+   segfaulted.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4864b16445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6
+------------------
+
+* Last minute change broke loose object creation on AIX.
+
+* (performance fix) We used to make $GIT_DIR absolute path early in the
+  programs but keeping it relative to the current directory internally
+  gives 1-3 per-cent performance boost.
+
+* bash completion knows the new --graph option to git-log family.
+
+
+* git-diff -c/--cc showed unnecessary "deletion" lines at the context
+  boundary.
+
+* git-for-each-ref ignored %(object) and %(type) requests for tag
+  objects.
+
+* git-merge usage had a typo.
+
+* Rebuilding of git-svn metainfo database did not take rewriteRoot
+  option into account.
+
+* Running "git-rebase --continue/--skip/--abort" before starting a
+  rebase gave nonsense error messages.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5902a85a78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Futureproof
+-----------
+
+ * "git-shell" accepts requests without a dash between "git" and
+   subcommand name (e.g. "git upload-pack") which the newer client will
+   start to make sometime in the future.
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6.1
+--------------------
+
+* "git clone" from a remote that is named with url.insteadOf setting in
+  $HOME/.gitconfig did not work well.
+
+* "git describe --long --tags" segfaulted when the described revision was
+  tagged with a lightweight tag.
+
+* "git diff --check" did not report the result via its exit status
+  reliably.
+
+* When remote side used to have branch 'foo' and git-fetch finds that now
+  it has branch 'foo/bar', it refuses to lose the existing remote tracking
+  branch and its reflog.  The error message has been improved to suggest
+  pruning the remote if the user wants to proceed and get the latest set
+  of branches from the remote, including such 'foo/bar'.
+
+* "git reset file" should mean the same thing as "git reset HEAD file",
+  but we required disambiguating -- even when "file" is not ambiguous.
+
+* "git show" segfaulted when an annotated tag that points at another
+  annotated tag was given to it.
+
+* Optimization for a large import via "git-svn" introduced in v1.5.6 had a
+  serious memory and temporary file leak, which made it unusable for
+  moderately large import.
+
+* "git-svn" mangled remote nickname used in the configuration file
+  unnecessarily.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..942611299d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6.2
+--------------------
+
+* Setting core.sharerepository to traditional "true" value was supposed to make
+  the repository group writable but should not affect permission for others.
+  However, since 1.5.6, it was broken to drop permission for others when umask is
+  022, making the repository unreadable by others.
+
+* Setting GIT_TRACE will report spawning of external process via run_command().
+
+* Using an object with very deep delta chain pinned memory needed for extracting
+  intermediate base objects unnecessarily long, leading to excess memory usage.
+
+* Bash completion script did not notice '--' marker on the command
+  line and tried the relatively slow "ref completion" even when
+  completing arguments after one.
+
+* Registering a non-empty blob racily and then truncating the working
+  tree file for it confused "racy-git avoidance" logic into thinking
+  that the path is now unchanged.
+
+* The section that describes attributes related to git-archive were placed
+  in a wrong place in the gitattributes(5) manual page.
+
+* "git am" was not helpful to the users when it detected that the committer
+  information is not set up properly yet.
+
+* "git clone" had a leftover debugging fprintf().
+
+* "git clone -q" was not quiet enough as it used to and gave object count
+  and progress reports.
+
+* "git clone" marked downloaded packfile with .keep; this could be a
+  good thing if the remote side is well packed but otherwise not,
+  especially for a project that is not really big.
+
+* "git daemon" used to call syslog() from a signal handler, which
+  could raise signals of its own but generally is not reentrant.  This
+  was fixed by restructuring the code to report syslog() after the handler
+  returns.
+
+* When "git push" tries to remove a remote ref, and corresponding
+  tracking ref is missing, we used to report error (i.e. failure to
+  remove something that does not exist).
+
+* "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") did not handle commit log messages in a
+  MIME multipart mail correctly.
+
+Contains other various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8968f1ecb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6.3
+--------------------
+
+* Various commands could overflow its internal buffer on a platform
+  with small PATH_MAX value in a repository that has contents with
+  long pathnames.
+
+* There wasn't a way to make --pretty=format:%<> specifiers to honor
+  .mailmap name rewriting for authors and committers.  Now you can with
+  %aN and %cN.
+
+* Bash completion wasted too many cycles; this has been optimized to be
+  usable again.
+
+* Bash completion lost ref part when completing something like "git show
+  pu:Makefile".
+
+* "git-cvsserver" did not clean up its temporary working area after annotate
+  request.
+
+* "git-daemon" called syslog() from its signal handler, which was a
+  no-no.
+
+* "git-fetch" into an empty repository used to remind that the fetch will
+   be huge by saying "no common commits", but this was an unnecessary
+   noise; it is already known by the user anyway.
+
+* "git-http-fetch" would have segfaulted when pack idx file retrieved
+  from the other side was corrupt.
+
+* "git-index-pack" used too much memory when dealing with a deep delta chain.
+
+* "git-mailinfo" (hence "git-am") did not correctly handle in-body [PATCH]
+  line to override the commit title taken from the mail Subject header.
+
+* "git-rebase -i -p" lost parents that are not involved in the history
+  being rewritten.
+
+* "git-rm" lost track of where the index file was when GIT_DIR was
+  specified as a relative path.
+
+* "git-rev-list --quiet" was not quiet as advertised.
+
+Contains other various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47ca172462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6.4
+--------------------
+
+* "git cvsimport" used to spit out "UNKNOWN LINE..." diagnostics to stdout.
+
+* "git commit -F filename" and "git tag -F filename" run from subdirectories
+  did not read the right file.
+
+* "git init --template=" with blank "template" parameter linked files
+  under root directories to .git, which was a total nonsense.  Instead, it
+  means "I do not want to use anything from the template directory".
+
+* "git diff-tree" and other diff plumbing ignored diff.renamelimit configuration
+  variable when the user explicitly asked for rename detection.
+
+* "git name-rev --name-only" did not work when "--stdin" option was in effect.
+
+* "git show-branch" mishandled its 8th branch.
+
+* Addition of "git update-index --ignore-submodules" that happened during
+  1.5.6 cycle broke "git update-index --ignore-missing".
+
+* "git send-email" did not parse charset from an existing Content-type:
+  header properly.
+
+Contains other various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79da23db5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.6.5
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e143d8d61b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+GIT v1.5.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.5.5
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* Comes with updated gitk and git-gui.
+
+(portability)
+
+* git will build on AIX better than before now.
+
+* core.ignorecase configuration variable can be used to work better on
+  filesystems that are not case sensitive.
+
+* "git init" now autodetects the case sensitivity of the filesystem and
+  sets core.ignorecase accordingly.
+
+* cpio is no longer used; neither "curl" binary (libcurl is still used).
+
+(documentation)
+
+* Many freestanding documentation pages have been converted and made
+  available to "git help" (aka "man git<something>") as section 7 of
+  the manual pages. This means bookmarks to some HTML documentation
+  files may need to be updated (eg "tutorial.html" became
+  "gittutorial.html").
+
+(performance)
+
+* "git clone" was rewritten in C.  This will hopefully help cloning a
+  repository with insane number of refs.
+
+* "git rebase --onto $there $from $branch" used to switch to the tip of
+  $branch only to immediately reset back to $from, smudging work tree
+  files unnecessarily.  This has been optimized.
+
+* Object creation codepath in "git-svn" has been optimized by enhancing
+  plumbing commands git-cat-file and git-hash-object.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* "git add -p" (and the "patch" subcommand of "git add -i") can choose to
+  apply (or not apply) mode changes independently from contents changes.
+
+* "git bisect help" gives longer and more helpful usage information.
+
+* "git bisect" does not use a special branch "bisect" anymore; instead, it
+  does its work on a detached HEAD.
+
+* "git branch" (and "git checkout -b") can be told to set up
+  branch.<name>.rebase automatically, so that later you can say "git pull"
+  and magically cause "git pull --rebase" to happen.
+
+* "git branch --merged" and "git branch --no-merged" can be used to list
+  branches that have already been merged (or not yet merged) to the
+  current branch.
+
+* "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" can add a sign-off.
+
+* "git commit" mentions the author identity when you are committing
+  somebody else's changes.
+
+* "git diff/log --dirstat" output is consistent between binary and textual
+  changes.
+
+* "git filter-branch" rewrites signed tags by demoting them to annotated.
+
+* "git format-patch --no-binary" can produce a patch that lack binary
+  changes (i.e. cannot be used to propagate the whole changes) meant only
+  for reviewing.
+
+* "git init --bare" is a synonym for "git --bare init" now.
+
+* "git gc --auto" honors a new pre-auto-gc hook to temporarily disable it.
+
+* "git log --pretty=tformat:<custom format>" gives a LF after each entry,
+  instead of giving a LF between each pair of entries which is how
+  "git log --pretty=format:<custom format>" works.
+
+* "git log" and friends learned the "--graph" option to show the ancestry
+  graph at the left margin of the output.
+
+* "git log" and friends can be told to use date format that is different
+  from the default via 'log.date' configuration variable.
+
+* "git send-email" now can send out messages outside a git repository.
+
+* "git send-email --compose" was made aware of rfc2047 quoting.
+
+* "git status" can optionally include output from "git submodule
+  summary".
+
+* "git svn" learned --add-author-from option to propagate the authorship
+  by munging the commit log message.
+
+* new object creation and looking up in "git svn" has been optimized.
+
+* "gitweb" can read from a system-wide configuration file.
+
+(internal)
+
+* "git unpack-objects" and "git receive-pack" is now more strict about
+  detecting breakage in the objects they receive over the wire.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.5.5
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.5.5 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+And there are too numerous small fixes to otherwise note here ;-)
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49d7a1cafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0
+------------------
+
+* "git diff --cc" did not honor content mangling specified by
+  gitattributes and core.autocrlf when reading from the work tree.
+
+* "git diff --check" incorrectly detected new trailing blank lines when
+  whitespace check was in effect.
+
+* "git for-each-ref" tried to dereference NULL when asked for '%(body)" on
+  a tag with a single incomplete line as its payload.
+
+* "git format-patch" peeked before the beginning of a string when
+  "format.headers" variable is empty (a misconfiguration).
+
+* "git help help" did not work correctly.
+
+* "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") was unhappy when MIME multipart message
+  contained garbage after the finishing boundary.
+
+* "git mailinfo" also was unhappy when the "From: " line only had a bare
+  e-mail address.
+
+* "git merge" did not refresh the index correctly when a merge resulted in
+  a fast-forward.
+
+* "git merge" did not resolve a truly trivial merges that can be done
+  without content level merges.
+
+* "git svn dcommit" to a repository with URL that has embedded usernames
+  did not work correctly.
+
+Contains other various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51b32f5d94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0.1
+--------------------
+
+* Installation on platforms that needs .exe suffix to git-* programs were
+  broken in 1.6.0.1.
+
+* Installation on filesystems without symbolic links support did not
+  work well.
+
+* In-tree documentations and test scripts now use "git foo" form to set a
+  better example, instead of the "git-foo" form (which is an acceptable
+  form if you have "PATH=$(git --exec-path):$PATH" in your script)
+
+* Many commands did not use the correct working tree location when used
+  with GIT_WORK_TREE environment settings.
+
+* Some systems needs to use compatibility fnmach and regex libraries
+  independent from each other; the compat/ area has been reorganized to
+  allow this.
+
+
+* "git apply --unidiff-zero" incorrectly applied a -U0 patch that inserts
+  a new line before the second line.
+
+* "git blame -c" did not exactly work like "git annotate" when range
+  boundaries are involved.
+
+* "git checkout file" when file is still unmerged checked out contents from
+  a random high order stage, which was confusing.
+
+* "git clone $there $here/" with extra trailing slashes after explicit
+  local directory name $here did not work as expected.
+
+* "git diff" on tracked contents with CRLF line endings did not drive "less"
+  intelligently when showing added or removed lines.
+
+* "git diff --dirstat -M" did not add changes in subdirectories up
+  correctly for renamed paths.
+
+* "git diff --cumulative" did not imply "--dirstat".
+
+* "git for-each-ref refs/heads/" did not work as expected.
+
+* "git gui" allowed users to feed patch without any context to be applied.
+
+* "git gui" botched parsing "diff" output when a line that begins with two
+  dashes and a space gets removed or a line that begins with two pluses
+  and a space gets added.
+
+* "git gui" translation updates and i18n fixes.
+
+* "git index-pack" is more careful against disk corruption while completing
+  a thin pack.
+
+* "git log -i --grep=pattern" did not ignore case; neither "git log -E
+  --grep=pattern" triggered extended regexp.
+
+* "git log --pretty="%ad" --date=short" did not use short format when
+  showing the timestamp.
+
+* "git log --author=author" match incorrectly matched with the
+  timestamp part of "author " line in commit objects.
+
+* "git log -F --author=author" did not work at all.
+
+* Build procedure for "git shell" that used stub versions of some
+  functions and globals was not understood by linkers on some platforms.
+
+* "git stash" was fooled by a stat-dirty but otherwise unmodified paths
+  and refused to work until the user refreshed the index.
+
+* "git svn" was broken on Perl before 5.8 with recent fixes to reduce
+  use of temporary files.
+
+* "git verify-pack -v" did not work correctly when given more than one
+  packfile.
+
+Also contains many documentation updates.
+
+--
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+O=v1.6.0.1-78-g3632cfc
+echo O=$(git describe maint)
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae0577836a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0.2
+--------------------
+
+* "git archive --format=zip" did not honor core.autocrlf while
+  --format=tar did.
+
+* Continuing "git rebase -i" was very confused when the user left modified
+  files in the working tree while resolving conflicts.
+
+* Continuing "git rebase -i" was also very confused when the user left
+  some staged changes in the index after "edit".
+
+* "git rebase -i" now honors the pre-rebase hook, just like the
+  other rebase implementations "git rebase" and "git rebase -m".
+
+* "git rebase -i" incorrectly aborted when there is no commit to replay.
+
+* Behaviour of "git diff --quiet" was inconsistent with "diff --exit-code"
+  with the output redirected to /dev/null.
+
+* "git diff --no-index" on binary files no longer outputs a bogus
+  "diff --git" header line.
+
+* "git diff" hunk header patterns with multiple elements separated by LF
+  were not used correctly.
+
+* Hunk headers in "git diff" default to using extended regular
+  expressions, fixing some of the internal patterns on non-GNU
+  platforms.
+
+* New config "diff.*.xfuncname" exposes extended regular expressions
+  for user specified hunk header patterns.
+
+* "git gc" when ejecting otherwise unreachable objects from packfiles into
+  loose form leaked memory.
+
+* "git index-pack" was recently broken and mishandled objects added by
+  thin-pack completion processing under memory pressure.
+
+* "git index-pack" was recently broken and misbehaved when run from inside
+  .git/objects/pack/ directory.
+
+* "git stash apply sash@{1}" was fixed to error out.  Prior versions
+  would have applied stash@{0} incorrectly.
+
+* "git stash apply" now offers a better suggestion on how to continue
+  if the working tree is currently dirty.
+
+* "git for-each-ref --format=%(subject)" fixed for commits with no
+  no newline in the message body.
+
+* "git remote" fixed to protect printf from user input.
+
+* "git remote show -v" now displays all URLs of a remote.
+
+* "git checkout -b branch" was confused when branch already existed.
+
+* "git checkout -q" once again suppresses the locally modified file list.
+
+* "git clone -q", "git fetch -q" asks remote side to not send
+  progress messages, actually making their output quiet.
+
+* Cross-directory renames are no longer used when creating packs.  This
+  allows more graceful behavior on filesystems like sshfs.
+
+* Stale temporary files under $GIT_DIR/objects/pack are now cleaned up
+  automatically by "git prune".
+
+* "git merge" once again removes directories after the last file has
+  been removed from it during the merge.
+
+* "git merge" did not allocate enough memory for the structure itself when
+  enumerating the parents of the resulting commit.
+
+* "git blame -C -C" no longer segfaults while trying to pass blame if
+   it encounters a submodule reference.
+
+* "git rm" incorrectly claimed that you have local modifications when a
+  path was merely stat-dirty.
+
+* "git svn" fixed to display an error message when 'set-tree' failed,
+   instead of a Perl compile error.
+
+* "git submodule" fixed to handle checking out a different commit
+  than HEAD after initializing the submodule.
+
+* The "git commit" error message when there are still unmerged
+  files present was clarified to match "git write-tree".
+
+* "git init" was confused when core.bare or core.sharedRepository are set
+  in system or user global configuration file by mistake.  When --bare or
+  --shared is given from the command line, these now override such
+  settings made outside the repositories.
+
+* Some segfaults due to uncaught NULL pointers were fixed in multiple
+  tools such as apply, reset, update-index.
+
+* Solaris builds now default to OLD_ICONV=1 to avoid compile warnings;
+  Solaris 8 does not define NEEDS_LIBICONV by default.
+
+* "Git.pm" tests relied on unnecessarily more recent version of Perl.
+
+* "gitweb" triggered undef warning on commits without log messages.
+
+* "gitweb" triggered undef warnings on missing trees.
+
+* "gitweb" now removes PATH_INFO from its URLs so users don't have
+  to manually set the URL in the gitweb configuration.
+
+* Bash completion removed support for legacy "git-fetch", "git-push"
+  and "git-pull" as these are no longer installed.  Dashless form
+  ("git fetch") is still however supported.
+
+Many other documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d522661d31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0.3
+--------------------
+
+* 'git add -p' said "No changes" when only binary files were changed.
+
+* 'git archive' did not work correctly in bare repositories.
+
+* 'git checkout -t -b newbranch' when you are on detached HEAD was broken.
+
+* when we refuse to detect renames because there are too many new or
+  deleted files, 'git diff' did not say how many there are.
+
+* 'git push --mirror' tried and failed to push the stash; there is no
+  point in sending it to begin with.
+
+* 'git push' did not update the remote tracking reference if the corresponding
+  ref on the remote end happened to be already up to date.
+
+* 'git pull $there $branch:$current_branch' did not work when you were on
+  a branch yet to be born.
+
+* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, 'git reset --hard' failed
+  to remove new paths from the working tree.
+
+* 'git send-email' had a small fd leak while scanning directory.
+
+* 'git status' incorrectly reported a submodule directory as an untracked
+  directory.
+
+* 'git svn' used deprecated 'git-foo' form of subcommand invocation.
+
+* 'git update-ref -d' to remove a reference did not honor --no-deref option.
+
+* Plugged small memleaks here and there.
+
+* Also contains many documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a08bb96738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0.4
+--------------------
+
+* "git checkout" used to crash when your HEAD was pointing at a deleted
+  branch.
+
+* "git checkout" from an un-checked-out state did not allow switching out
+  of the current branch.
+
+* "git diff" always allowed GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and --no-ext-diff was no-op for
+  the command.
+
+* Giving 3 or more tree-ish to "git diff" is supposed to show the combined
+  diff from second and subsequent trees to the first one, but the order was
+  screwed up.
+
+* "git fast-export" did not export all tags.
+
+* "git ls-files --with-tree=<tree>" did not work with options other
+  than -c, most notably with -m.
+
+* "git pack-objects" did not make its best effort to honor --max-pack-size
+  option when a single first object already busted the given limit and
+  placed many objects in a single pack.
+
+* "git-p4" fast import frontend was too eager to trigger its keyword expansion
+  logic, even on a keyword-looking string that does not have closing '$' on the
+  same line.
+
+* "git push $there" when the remote $there is defined in $GIT_DIR/branches/$there
+  behaves more like what cg-push from Cogito used to work.
+
+* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, "git reset --hard" failed
+  to remove new paths from the working tree.
+
+* "git tag" did not complain when given mutually incompatible set of options.
+
+* The message constructed in the internal editor was discarded when "git
+  tag -s" failed to sign the message, which was often caused by the user
+  not configuring GPG correctly.
+
+* "make check" cannot be run without sparse; people may have meant to say
+  "make test" instead, so suggest that.
+
+* Internal diff machinery had a corner case performance bug that choked on
+  a large file with many repeated contents.
+
+* "git repack" used to grab objects out of packs marked with .keep
+  into a new pack.
+
+* Many unsafe call to sprintf() style varargs functions are corrected.
+
+* Also contains quite a few documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64ece1ffd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.6.0.5
+-------------------
+
+ * "git fsck" had a deep recursion that wasted stack space.
+
+ * "git fast-export" and "git fast-import" choked on an old style
+   annotated tag that lack the tagger information.
+
+ * "git mergetool -- file" did not correctly skip "--" marker that
+   signals the end of options list.
+
+ * "git show $tag" segfaulted when an annotated $tag pointed at a
+   nonexistent object.
+
+ * "git show 2>error" when the standard output is automatically redirected
+   to the pager redirected the standard error to the pager as well; there
+   was no need to.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not correctly handle list of addresses when
+   they had quoted comma (e.g. "Lastname, Givenname" <mail@addre.ss>).
+
+ * Logic to discover branch ancestry in "git svn" was unreliable when
+   the process to fetch history was interrupted.
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
+
+Also contains numerous documentation typofixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de7ef166b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+GIT v1.6.0 Release Notes
+========================
+
+User visible changes
+--------------------
+
+With the default Makefile settings, most of the programs are now
+installed outside your $PATH, except for "git", "gitk" and
+some server side programs that need to be accessible for technical
+reasons.  Invoking a git subcommand as "git-xyzzy" from the command
+line has been deprecated since early 2006 (and officially announced in
+1.5.4 release notes); use of them from your scripts after adding
+output from "git --exec-path" to the $PATH is still supported in this
+release, but users are again strongly encouraged to adjust their
+scripts to use "git xyzzy" form, as we will stop installing
+"git-xyzzy" hardlinks for built-in commands in later releases.
+
+An earlier change to page "git status" output was overwhelmingly unpopular
+and has been reverted.
+
+Source changes needed for porting to MinGW environment are now all in the
+main git.git codebase.
+
+By default, packfiles created with this version uses delta-base-offset
+encoding introduced in v1.4.4.  Pack idx files are using version 2 that
+allows larger packs and added robustness thanks to its CRC checking,
+introduced in v1.5.2 and v1.4.4.5.  If you want to keep your repositories
+backwards compatible past these versions, set repack.useDeltaBaseOffset
+to false or pack.indexVersion to 1, respectively.
+
+We used to prevent sample hook scripts shipped in templates/ from
+triggering by default by relying on the fact that we install them as
+unexecutable, but on some filesystems, this approach does not work.
+They are now shipped with ".sample" suffix.  If you want to activate
+any of these samples as-is, rename them to drop the ".sample" suffix,
+instead of running "chmod +x" on them.  For example, you can rename
+hooks/post-update.sample to hooks/post-update to enable the sample
+hook that runs update-server-info, in order to make repositories
+friendly to dumb protocols (i.e. HTTP).
+
+GIT_CONFIG, which was only documented as affecting "git config", but
+actually affected all git commands, now only affects "git config".
+GIT_LOCAL_CONFIG, also only documented as affecting "git config" and
+not different from GIT_CONFIG in a useful way, is removed.
+
+The ".dotest" temporary area "git am" and "git rebase" use is now moved
+inside the $GIT_DIR, to avoid mistakes of adding it to the project by
+accident.
+
+An ancient merge strategy "stupid" has been removed.
+
+
+Updates since v1.5.6
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* git-p4 in contrib learned "allowSubmit" configuration to control on
+  which branch to allow "submit" subcommand.
+
+* git-gui learned to stage changes per-line.
+
+(portability)
+
+* Changes for MinGW port have been merged, thanks to Johannes Sixt and
+  gangs.
+
+* Sample hook scripts shipped in templates/ are now suffixed with
+  *.sample.
+
+* perl's in-place edit (-i) does not work well without backup files on Windows;
+  some tests are rewritten to cope with this.
+
+(documentation)
+
+* Updated howto/update-hook-example
+
+* Got rid of usage of "git-foo" from the tutorial and made typography
+  more consistent.
+
+* Disambiguating "--" between revs and paths is finally documented.
+
+(performance, robustness, sanity etc.)
+
+* index-pack used too much memory when dealing with a deep delta chain.
+  This has been optimized.
+
+* reduced excessive inlining to shrink size of the "git" binary.
+
+* verify-pack checks the object CRC when using version 2 idx files.
+
+* When an object is corrupt in a pack, the object became unusable even
+  when the same object is available in a loose form,  We now try harder to
+  fall back to these redundant objects when able.  In particular, "git
+  repack -a -f" can be used to fix such a corruption as long as necessary
+  objects are available.
+
+* Performance of "git-blame -C -C" operation is vastly improved.
+
+* git-clone does not create refs in loose form anymore (it behaves as
+  if you immediately ran git-pack-refs after cloning).  This will help
+  repositories with insanely large number of refs.
+
+* core.fsyncobjectfiles configuration can be used to ensure that the loose
+  objects created will be fsync'ed (this is only useful on filesystems
+  that does not order data writes properly).
+
+* "git commit-tree" plumbing can make Octopus with more than 16 parents.
+  "git commit" has been capable of this for quite some time.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* even more documentation pages are now accessible via "man" and "git help".
+
+* A new environment variable GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES can be used to stop
+  the discovery process of the toplevel of working tree; this may be useful
+  when you are working in a slow network disk and are outside any working tree,
+  as bash-completion and "git help" may still need to run in these places.
+
+* By default, stash entries never expire.  Set reflogexpire in [gc
+  "refs/stash"] to a reasonable value to get traditional auto-expiration
+  behaviour back
+
+* Longstanding latency issue with bash completion script has been
+  addressed.  This will need to be backmerged to 'maint' later.
+
+* pager.<cmd> configuration variable can be used to enable/disable the
+  default paging behaviour per command.
+
+* "git-add -i" has a new action 'e/dit' to allow you edit the patch hunk
+  manually.
+
+* git-am records the original tip of the branch in ORIG_HEAD before it
+  starts applying patches.
+
+* git-apply can handle a patch that touches the same path more than once
+  much better than before.
+
+* git-apply can be told not to trust the line counts recorded in the input
+  patch but recount, with the new --recount option.
+
+* git-apply can be told to apply a patch to a path deeper than what the
+  patch records with --directory option.
+
+* git-archive can be told to omit certain paths from its output using
+  export-ignore attributes.
+
+* git-archive uses the zlib default compression level when creating
+  zip archive.
+
+* git-archive's command line options --exec and --remote can take their
+  parameters as separate command line arguments, similar to other commands.
+  IOW, both "--exec=path" and "--exec path" are now supported.
+
+* With -v option, git-branch describes the remote tracking statistics
+  similar to the way git-checkout reports by how many commits your branch
+  is ahead/behind.
+
+* git-branch's --contains option used to always require a commit parameter
+  to limit the branches with; it now defaults to list branches that
+  contains HEAD if this parameter is omitted.
+
+* git-branch's --merged and --no-merged option used to always limit the
+  branches relative to the HEAD, but they can now take an optional commit
+  argument that is used in place of HEAD.
+
+* git-bundle can read the revision arguments from the standard input.
+
+* git-cherry-pick can replay a root commit now.
+
+* git-clone can clone from a remote whose URL would be rewritten by
+  configuration stored in $HOME/.gitconfig now.
+
+* "git-clone --mirror" is a handy way to set up a bare mirror repository.
+
+* git-cvsserver learned to respond to "cvs co -c".
+
+* git-diff --check now checks leftover merge conflict markers.
+
+* "git-diff -p" learned to grab a better hunk header lines in
+  BibTex, Pascal/Delphi, and Ruby files and also pays attention to
+  chapter and part boundary in TeX documents.
+
+* When remote side used to have branch 'foo' and git-fetch finds that now
+  it has branch 'foo/bar', it refuses to lose the existing remote tracking
+  branch and its reflog.  The error message has been improved to suggest
+  pruning the remote if the user wants to proceed and get the latest set
+  of branches from the remote, including such 'foo/bar'.
+
+* fast-export learned to export and import marks file; this can be used to
+  interface with fast-import incrementally.
+
+* fast-import and fast-export learned to export and import gitlinks.
+
+* "gitk" left background process behind after being asked to dig very deep
+  history and the user killed the UI; the process is killed when the UI goes
+  away now.
+
+* git-rebase records the original tip of branch in ORIG_HEAD before it is
+  rewound.
+
+* "git rerere" can be told to update the index with auto-reused resolution
+  with rerere.autoupdate configuration variable.
+
+* git-rev-parse learned $commit^! and $commit^@ notations used in "log"
+  family.  These notations are available in gitk as well, because the gitk
+  command internally uses rev-parse to interpret its arguments.
+
+* git-rev-list learned --children option to show child commits it
+  encountered during the traversal, instead of showing parent commits.
+
+* git-send-mail can talk not just over SSL but over TLS now.
+
+* git-shortlog honors custom output format specified with "--pretty=format:".
+
+* "git-stash save" learned --keep-index option.  This lets you stash away the
+  local changes and bring the changes staged in the index to your working
+  tree for examination and testing.
+
+* git-stash also learned branch subcommand to create a new branch out of
+  stashed changes.
+
+* git-status gives the remote tracking statistics similar to the way
+  git-checkout reports by how many commits your branch is ahead/behind.
+
+* "git-svn dcommit" is now aware of auto-props setting the subversion user
+  has.
+
+* You can tell "git status -u" to even more aggressively omit checking
+  untracked files with --untracked-files=no.
+
+* Original SHA-1 value for "update-ref -d" is optional now.
+
+* Error codes from gitweb are made more descriptive where possible, rather
+  than "403 forbidden" as we used to issue everywhere.
+
+(internal)
+
+* git-merge has been reimplemented in C.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.5.6
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.5.6 maintenance series are included in
+this release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+ * git-clone ignored its -u option; the fix needs to be backported to
+   'maint';
+
+ * git-mv used to lose the distinction between changes that are staged
+   and that are only in the working tree, by staging both in the index
+   after moving such a path.
+
+ * "git-rebase -i -p" rewrote the parents to wrong ones when amending
+   (either edit or squash) was involved, and did not work correctly
+   when fast forwarding.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c594ba02f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1
+------------------
+
+* "git add frotz/nitfol" when "frotz" is a submodule should have errored
+  out, but it didn't.
+
+* "git apply" took file modes from the patch text and updated the mode
+  bits of the target tree even when the patch was not about mode changes.
+
+* "git bisect view" on Cygwin did not launch gitk
+
+* "git checkout $tree" did not trigger an error.
+
+* "git commit" tried to remove COMMIT_EDITMSG from the work tree by mistake.
+
+* "git describe --all" complained when a commit is described with a tag,
+  which was nonsense.
+
+* "git diff --no-index --" did not trigger no-index (aka "use git-diff as
+  a replacement of diff on untracked files") behaviour.
+
+* "git format-patch -1 HEAD" on a root commit failed to produce patch
+  text.
+
+* "git fsck branch" did not work as advertised; instead it behaved the same
+  way as "git fsck".
+
+* "git log --pretty=format:%s" did not handle a multi-line subject the
+  same way as built-in log listers (i.e. shortlog, --pretty=oneline, etc.)
+
+* "git daemon", and "git merge-file" are more careful when freopen fails
+  and barf, instead of going on and writing to unopened filehandle.
+
+* "git http-push" did not like some RFC 4918 compliant DAV server
+  responses.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" mistakenly overwritten an untracked file in the
+  work tree upon delete/modify conflict.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" didn't leave the index unmerged for entries with
+  rename/delete conflicts.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" clobbered untracked files in the work tree.
+
+* "git mv -k" with more than one erroneous paths misbehaved.
+
+* "git read-tree -m -u" hence branch switching incorrectly lost a
+  subdirectory in rare cases.
+
+* "git rebase -i" issued an unnecessary error message upon a user error of
+  marking the first commit to be "squash"ed.
+
+* "git shortlog" did not format a commit message with multi-line
+  subject correctly.
+
+Many documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be37cbb858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.1
+--------------------
+
+* The logic for rename detection in internal diff used by commands like
+  "git diff" and "git blame" has been optimized to avoid loading the same
+  blob repeatedly.
+
+* We did not allow writing out a blob that is larger than 2GB for no good
+  reason.
+
+* "git format-patch -o $dir", when $dir is a relative directory, used it
+  as relative to the root of the work tree, not relative to the current
+  directory.
+
+* v1.6.1 introduced an optimization for "git push" into a repository (A)
+  that borrows its objects from another repository (B) to avoid sending
+  objects that are available in repository B, when they are not yet used
+  by repository A.  However the code on the "git push" sender side was
+  buggy and did not work when repository B had new objects that are not
+  known by the sender.  This caused pushing into a "forked" repository
+  served by v1.6.1 software using "git push" from v1.6.1 sometimes did not
+  work.  The bug was purely on the "git push" sender side, and has been
+  corrected.
+
+* "git status -v" did not paint its diff output in colour even when
+  color.ui configuration was set.
+
+* "git ls-tree" learned --full-tree option to help Porcelain scripts that
+  want to always see the full path regardless of the current working
+  directory.
+
+* "git grep" incorrectly searched in work tree paths even when they are
+  marked as assume-unchanged.  It now searches in the index entries.
+
+* "git gc" with no grace period needlessly ejected packed but unreachable
+  objects in their loose form, only to delete them right away.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f0bde156a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.2
+--------------------
+
+* "git diff --binary | git apply" pipeline did not work well when
+  a binary blob is changed to a symbolic link.
+
+* Some combinations of -b/-w/--ignore-space-at-eol to "git diff" did
+  not work as expected.
+
+* "git grep" did not pass the -I (ignore binary) option when
+  calling out an external grep program.
+
+* "git log" and friends include HEAD to the set of starting points
+  when --all is given.  This makes a difference when you are not
+  on any branch.
+
+* "git mv" to move an untracked file to overwrite a tracked
+  contents misbehaved.
+
+* "git merge -s octopus" with many potential merge bases did not
+  work correctly.
+
+* RPM binary package installed the html manpages in a wrong place.
+
+Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
+
+
+--
+git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.2-33-gc789350..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ce6316d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.3
+--------------------
+
+* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
+  comment introduction character "#".
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.1.
+
+* "git fast-export" produced wrong output with some parents missing from
+  commits, when the history is clock-skewed.
+
+* "git fast-import" sometimes failed to read back objects it just wrote
+  out and aborted, because it failed to flush stale cached data.
+
+* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
+  deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
+  individual paths correctly.  This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
+  "abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
+  and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
+
+* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
+  prefix correctly.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.2.
+
+* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
+  the --template= option.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.4.
+
+* "git repack" did not error out when necessary object was missing in the
+  repository.
+
+* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
+  a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
+  mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
+  to prevent them from being repacked.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
+
+Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
+
+--
+git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.3..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adb7ccab0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+GIT v1.6.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.6.0
+--------------------
+
+When some commands (e.g. "git log", "git diff") spawn pager internally, we
+used to make the pager the parent process of the git command that produces
+output.  This meant that the exit status of the whole thing comes from the
+pager, not the underlying git command.  We swapped the order of the
+processes around and you will see the exit code from the command from now
+on.
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* gitk can call out to git-gui to view "git blame" output; git-gui in turn
+  can run gitk from its blame view.
+
+* Various git-gui updates including updated translations.
+
+* Various gitweb updates from repo.or.cz installation.
+
+* Updates to emacs bindings.
+
+(portability)
+
+* A few test scripts used nonportable "grep" that did not work well on
+  some platforms, e.g. Solaris.
+
+* Sample pre-auto-gc script has OS X support.
+
+* Makefile has support for (ancient) FreeBSD 4.9.
+
+(performance)
+
+* Many operations that are lstat(3) heavy can be told to pre-execute
+  necessary lstat(3) in parallel before their main operations, which
+  potentially gives much improved performance for cold-cache cases or in
+  environments with weak metadata caching (e.g. NFS).
+
+* The underlying diff machinery to produce textual output has been
+  optimized, which would result in faster "git blame" processing.
+
+* Most of the test scripts (but not the ones that try to run servers)
+  can be run in parallel.
+
+* Bash completion of refnames in a repository with massive number of
+  refs has been optimized.
+
+* Cygwin port uses native stat/lstat implementations when applicable,
+  which leads to improved performance.
+
+* "git push" pays attention to alternate repositories to avoid sending
+  unnecessary objects.
+
+* "git svn" can rebuild an out-of-date rev_map file.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* When you mistype a command name, git helpfully suggests what it guesses
+  you might have meant to say.  help.autocorrect configuration can be set
+  to a non-zero value to accept the suggestion when git can uniquely
+  guess.
+
+* The packfile machinery hopefully is more robust when dealing with
+  corrupt packs if redundant objects involved in the corruption are
+  available elsewhere.
+
+* "git add -N path..." adds the named paths as an empty blob, so that
+  subsequent "git diff" will show a diff as if they are creation events.
+
+* "git add" gained a built-in synonym for people who want to say "stage
+  changes" instead of "add contents to the staging area" which amounts
+  to the same thing.
+
+* "git apply" learned --include=paths option, similar to the existing
+  --exclude=paths option.
+
+* "git bisect" is careful about a user mistake and suggests testing of
+  merge base first when good is not a strict ancestor of bad.
+
+* "git bisect skip" can take a range of commits.
+
+* "git blame" re-encodes the commit metainfo to UTF-8 from i18n.commitEncoding
+  by default.
+
+* "git check-attr --stdin" can check attributes for multiple paths.
+
+* "git checkout --track origin/hack" used to be a syntax error.  It now
+  DWIMs to create a corresponding local branch "hack", i.e. acts as if you
+  said "git checkout --track -b hack origin/hack".
+
+* "git checkout --ours/--theirs" can be used to check out one side of a
+  conflicting merge during conflict resolution.
+
+* "git checkout -m" can be used to recreate the initial conflicted state
+  during conflict resolution.
+
+* "git cherry-pick" can also utilize rerere for conflict resolution.
+
+* "git clone" learned to be verbose with -v
+
+* "git commit --author=$name" can look up author name from existing
+  commits.
+
+* output from "git commit" has been reworded in a more concise and yet
+  more informative way.
+
+* "git count-objects" reports the on-disk footprint for packfiles and
+  their corresponding idx files.
+
+* "git daemon" learned --max-connections=<count> option.
+
+* "git daemon" exports REMOTE_ADDR to record client address, so that
+  spawned programs can act differently on it.
+
+* "git describe --tags" favours closer lightweight tags than farther
+  annotated tags now.
+
+* "git diff" learned to mimic --suppress-blank-empty from GNU diff via a
+  configuration option.
+
+* "git diff" learned to put more sensible hunk headers for Python,
+  HTML and ObjC contents.
+
+* "git diff" learned to vary the a/ vs b/ prefix depending on what are
+  being compared, controlled by diff.mnemonicprefix configuration.
+
+* "git diff" learned --dirstat-by-file to count changed files, not number
+  of lines, when summarizing the global picture.
+
+* "git diff" learned "textconv" filters --- a binary or hard-to-read
+  contents can be munged into human readable form and the difference
+  between the results of the conversion can be viewed (obviously this
+  cannot produce a patch that can be applied, so this is disabled in
+  format-patch among other things).
+
+* "--cached" option to "git diff has an easier to remember synonym "--staged",
+  to ask "what is the difference between the given commit and the
+  contents staged in the index?"
+
+* "git for-each-ref" learned "refname:short" token that gives an
+  unambiguously abbreviated refname.
+
+* Auto-numbering of the subject lines is the default for "git
+  format-patch" now.
+
+* "git grep" learned to accept -z similar to GNU grep.
+
+* "git help" learned to use GIT_MAN_VIEWER environment variable before
+  using "man" program.
+
+* "git imap-send" can optionally talk SSL.
+
+* "git index-pack" is more careful against disk corruption while
+  completing a thin pack.
+
+* "git log --check" and "git log --exit-code" passes their underlying diff
+  status with their exit status code.
+
+* "git log" learned --simplify-merges, a milder variant of --full-history;
+  "gitk --simplify-merges" is easier to view than with --full-history.
+
+* "git log" learned "--source" to show what ref each commit was reached
+  from.
+
+* "git log" also learned "--simplify-by-decoration" to show the
+  birds-eye-view of the topology of the history.
+
+* "git log --pretty=format:" learned "%d" format element that inserts
+  names of tags that point at the commit.
+
+* "git merge --squash" and "git merge --no-ff" into an unborn branch are
+  noticed as user errors.
+
+* "git merge -s $strategy" can use a custom built strategy if you have a
+  command "git-merge-$strategy" on your $PATH.
+
+* "git pull" (and "git fetch") can be told to operate "-v"erbosely or
+  "-q"uietly.
+
+* "git push" can be told to reject deletion of refs with receive.denyDeletes
+  configuration.
+
+* "git rebase" honours pre-rebase hook; use --no-verify to bypass it.
+
+* "git rebase -p" uses interactive rebase machinery now to preserve the merges.
+
+* "git reflog expire branch" can be used in place of "git reflog expire
+  refs/heads/branch".
+
+* "git remote show $remote" lists remote branches one-per-line now.
+
+* "git send-email" can be given revision range instead of files and
+  maildirs on the command line, and automatically runs format-patch to
+  generate patches for the given revision range.
+
+* "git submodule foreach" subcommand allows you to iterate over checked
+  out submodules.
+
+* "git submodule sync" subcommands allows you to update the origin URL
+  recorded in submodule directories from the toplevel .gitmodules file.
+
+* "git svn branch" can create new branches on the other end.
+
+* "gitweb" can use more saner PATH_INFO based URL.
+
+(internal)
+
+* "git hash-object" learned to lie about the path being hashed, so that
+  correct gitattributes processing can be done while hashing contents
+  stored in a temporary file.
+
+* various callers of git-merge-recursive avoid forking it as an external
+  process.
+
+* Git class defined in "Git.pm" can be subclasses a bit more easily.
+
+* We used to link GNU regex library as a compatibility layer for some
+  platforms, but it turns out it is not necessary on most of them.
+
+* Some path handling routines used fixed number of buffers used alternately
+  but depending on the call depth, this arrangement led to hard to track
+  bugs.  This issue is being addressed.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.6.0
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.0.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+* Porcelains implemented as shell scripts were utterly confused when you
+  entered to a subdirectory of a work tree from sideways, following a
+  symbolic link (this may need to be backported to older releases later).
+
+* Tracking symbolic links would work better on filesystems whose lstat()
+  returns incorrect st_size value for them.
+
+* "git add" and "git update-index" incorrectly allowed adding S/F when S
+  is a tracked symlink that points at a directory D that has a path F in
+  it (we still need to fix a similar nonsense when S is a submodule and F
+  is a path in it).
+
+* "git am" after stopping at a broken patch lost --whitespace, -C, -p and
+  --3way options given from the command line initially.
+
+* "git diff --stdin" used to take two trees on a line and compared them,
+  but we dropped support for such a use case long time ago.  This has
+  been resurrected.
+
+* "git filter-branch" failed to rewrite a tag name with slashes in it.
+
+* "git http-push" did not understand URI scheme other than opaquelocktoken
+  when acquiring a lock from the server (this may need to be backported to
+  older releases later).
+
+* After "git rebase -p" stopped with conflicts while replaying a merge,
+ "git rebase --continue" did not work (may need to be backported to older
+  releases).
+
+* "git revert" records relative to which parent a revert was made when
+  reverting a merge.  Together with new documentation that explains issues
+  around reverting a merge and merging from the updated branch later, this
+  hopefully will reduce user confusion (this may need to be backported to
+  older releases later).
+
+* "git rm --cached" used to allow an empty blob that was added earlier to
+  be removed without --force, even when the file in the work tree has
+  since been modified.
+
+* "git push --tags --all $there" failed with generic usage message without
+  telling saying these two options are incompatible.
+
+* "git log --author/--committer" match used to potentially match the
+  timestamp part, exposing internal implementation detail.  Also these did
+  not work with --fixed-strings match at all.
+
+* "gitweb" did not mark non-ASCII characters imported from external HTML fragments
+  correctly.
+
+--
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+O=v1.6.1-rc3-74-gf66bc5f
+echo O=$(git describe master)
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dfa36416af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2
+------------------
+
+* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
+  comment introduction character "#".
+
+* timestamp output in --date=relative mode used to display timestamps that
+  are long time ago in the default mode; it now uses "N years M months
+  ago", and "N years ago".
+
+* git-add -i/-p now works with non-ASCII pathnames.
+
+* "git hash-object -w" did not read from the configuration file from the
+  correct .git directory.
+
+* git-send-email learned to correctly handle multiple Cc: addresses.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fafa9986b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.1
+--------------------
+
+* A longstanding confusing description of what --pickaxe option of
+  git-diff does has been clarified in the documentation.
+
+* "git-blame -S" did not quite work near the commits that were given
+  on the command line correctly.
+
+* "git diff --pickaxe-regexp" did not count overlapping matches
+  correctly.
+
+* "git diff" did not feed files in work-tree representation to external
+  diff and textconv.
+
+* "git-fetch" in a repository that was not cloned from anywhere said
+  it cannot find 'origin', which was hard to understand for new people.
+
+* "git-format-patch --numbered-files --stdout" did not have to die of
+  incompatible options; it now simply ignores --numbered-files as no files
+  are produced anyway.
+
+* "git-ls-files --deleted" did not work well with GIT_DIR&GIT_WORK_TREE.
+
+* "git-read-tree A B C..." without -m option has been broken for a long
+  time.
+
+* git-send-email ignored --in-reply-to when --no-thread was given.
+
+* 'git-submodule add' did not tolerate extra slashes and ./ in the path it
+  accepted from the command line; it now is more lenient.
+
+* git-svn misbehaved when the project contained a path that began with
+  two dashes.
+
+* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
+  prefix correctly.
+
+* miscompilation of negated enum constants by old gcc (2.9) affected the
+  codepaths to spawn subprocesses.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d3c1ac91c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.2
+--------------------
+
+* Setting an octal mode value to core.sharedrepository configuration to
+  restrict access to the repository to group members did not work as
+  advertised.
+
+* A fairly large and trivial memory leak while rev-list shows list of
+  reachable objects has been identified and plugged.
+
+* "git-commit --interactive" did not abort when underlying "git-add -i"
+  signaled a failure.
+
+* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
+  a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
+  mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
+  to prevent them from being repacked.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4bf1d0986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.3
+--------------------
+
+* The configuration parser had a buffer overflow while parsing an overlong
+  value.
+
+* pruning reflog entries that are unreachable from the tip of the ref
+  during "git reflog prune" (hence "git gc") was very inefficient.
+
+* "git-add -p" lacked a way to say "q"uit to refuse staging any hunks for
+  the remaining paths.  You had to say "d" and then ^C.
+
+* "git-checkout <tree-ish> <submodule>" did not update the index entry at
+  the named path; it now does.
+
+* "git-fast-export" choked when seeing a tag that does not point at commit.
+
+* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
+  the --template= option.
+
+* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
+  deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
+  individual paths correctly.  This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
+  "abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
+  and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
+
+* "git-merge-recursive" was broken when a submodule entry was involved in
+  a criss-cross merge situation.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
+
+---
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+echo O=$(git describe maint)
+O=v1.6.2.3-38-g318b847
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b23f9e95d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.4
+--------------------
+
+* "git apply" mishandled if you fed a git generated patch that renames
+  file A to B and file B to A at the same time.
+
+* "git diff -c -p" (and "diff --cc") did not expect to see submodule
+  differences and instead refused to work.
+
+* "git grep -e '('" segfaulted, instead of diagnosing a mismatched
+  parentheses error.
+
+* "git fetch" generated packs with offset-delta encoding when both ends of
+  the connection are capable of producing one; this cannot be read by
+  ancient git and the user should be able to disable this by setting
+  repack.usedeltabaseoffset configuration to false.
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad060f4f89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+GIT v1.6.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.1
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* git-svn updates.
+
+* gitweb updates, including a new patch view and RSS/Atom feed
+  improvements.
+
+* (contrib/emacs) git.el now has commands for checking out a branch,
+  creating a branch, cherry-picking and reverting commits; vc-git.el
+  is not shipped with git anymore (it is part of official Emacs).
+
+(performance)
+
+* pack-objects autodetects the number of CPUs available and uses threaded
+  version.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* automatic typo correction works on aliases as well
+
+* @{-1} is a way to refer to the last branch you were on.  This is
+  accepted not only where an object name is expected, but anywhere
+  a branch name is expected and acts as if you typed the branch name.
+  E.g. "git branch --track mybranch @{-1}", "git merge @{-1}", and
+  "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name @{-1}" would work as expected.
+
+* When refs/remotes/origin/HEAD points at a remote tracking branch that
+  has been pruned away, many git operations issued warning when they
+  internally enumerated the refs.  We now warn only when you say "origin"
+  to refer to that pruned branch.
+
+* The location of .mailmap file can be configured, and its file format was
+  enhanced to allow mapping an incorrect e-mail field as well.
+
+* "git add -p" learned 'g'oto action to jump directly to a hunk.
+
+* "git add -p" learned to find a hunk with given text with '/'.
+
+* "git add -p" optionally can be told to work with just the command letter
+  without Enter.
+
+* when "git am" stops upon a patch that does not apply, it shows the
+  title of the offending patch.
+
+* "git am --directory=<dir>" and "git am --reject" passes these options
+  to underlying "git apply".
+
+* "git am" learned --ignore-date option.
+
+* "git blame" aligns author names better when they are spelled in
+  non US-ASCII encoding.
+
+* "git clone" now makes its best effort when cloning from an empty
+  repository to set up configuration variables to refer to the remote
+  repository.
+
+* "git checkout -" is a shorthand for "git checkout @{-1}".
+
+* "git cherry" defaults to whatever the current branch is tracking (if
+  exists) when the <upstream> argument is not given.
+
+* "git cvsserver" can be told not to add extra "via git-CVS emulator" to
+  the commit log message it serves via gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
+  configuration.
+
+* "git cvsserver" learned to handle 'noop' command some CVS clients seem
+  to expect to work.
+
+* "git diff" learned a new option --inter-hunk-context to coalesce close
+  hunks together and show context between them.
+
+* The definition of what constitutes a word for "git diff --color-words"
+  can be customized via gitattributes, command line or a configuration.
+
+* "git diff" learned --patience to run "patience diff" algorithm.
+
+* "git filter-branch" learned --prune-empty option that discards commits
+  that do not change the contents.
+
+* "git fsck" now checks loose objects in alternate object stores, instead
+  of misreporting them as missing.
+
+* "git gc --prune" was resurrected to allow "git gc --no-prune" and
+  giving non-default expiration period e.g. "git gc --prune=now".
+
+* "git grep -w" and "git grep" for fixed strings have been optimized.
+
+* "git mergetool" learned -y(--no-prompt) option to disable prompting.
+
+* "git rebase -i" can transplant a history down to root to elsewhere
+  with --root option.
+
+* "git reset --merge" is a new mode that works similar to the way
+  "git checkout" switches branches, taking the local changes while
+  switching to another commit.
+
+* "git submodule update" learned --no-fetch option.
+
+* "git tag" learned --contains that works the same way as the same option
+  from "git branch".
+
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.1.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.1.X series.
+
+* "git-add sub/file" when sub is a submodule incorrectly added the path to
+  the superproject.
+
+* "git bundle" did not exclude annotated tags even when a range given
+  from the command line wanted to.
+
+* "git filter-branch" unnecessarily refused to work when you had
+  checked out a different commit from what is recorded in the superproject
+  index in a submodule.
+
+* "git filter-branch" incorrectly tried to update a nonexistent work tree
+  at the end when it is run in a bare repository.
+
+* "git gc" did not work if your repository was created with an ancient git
+  and never had any pack files in it before.
+
+* "git mergetool" used to ignore autocrlf and other attributes
+  based content rewriting.
+
+* branch switching and merges had a silly bug that did not validate
+  the correct directory when making sure an existing subdirectory is
+  clean.
+
+* "git -p cmd" when cmd is not a built-in one left the display in funny state
+  when killed in the middle.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2400b72ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3
+------------------
+
+* "git checkout -b new-branch" with a staged change in the index
+  incorrectly primed the in-index cache-tree, resulting a wrong tree
+  object to be written out of the index.  This is a grave regression
+  since the last 1.6.2.X maintenance release.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2f3f0293c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3.1
+--------------------
+
+ * A few codepaths picked up the first few bytes from an sha1[] by
+   casting the (char *) pointer to (int *); GCC 4.4 did not like this,
+   and aborted compilation.
+
+ * Some unlink(2) failures went undiagnosed.
+
+ * The "recursive" merge strategy misbehaved when faced rename/delete
+   conflicts while coming up with an intermediate merge base.
+
+ * The low-level merge algorithm did not handle a degenerate case of
+   merging a file with itself using itself as the common ancestor
+   gracefully.  It should produce the file itself, but instead
+   produced an empty result.
+
+ * GIT_TRACE mechanism segfaulted when tracing a shell-quoted aliases.
+
+ * OpenBSD also uses st_ctimspec in "struct stat", instead of "st_ctim".
+
+ * With NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS, "make install" can be told not to
+   create hardlinks between $(gitexecdir)/git-$builtin_commands and
+   $(bindir)/git.
+
+ * command completion code in bash did not reliably detect that we are
+   in a bare repository.
+
+ * "git add ." in an empty directory complained that pathspec "." did not
+   match anything, which may be technically correct, but not useful.  We
+   silently make it a no-op now.
+
+ * "git add -p" (and "patch" action in "git add -i") was broken when
+   the first hunk that adds a line at the top was split into two and
+   both halves are marked to be used.
+
+ * "git blame path" misbehaved at the commit where path became file
+   from a directory with some files in it.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" had a segfaulting bug when dealing with a tag object
+   created by an ancient git.
+
+ * "git format-patch -k" still added patch numbers if format.numbered
+   configuration was set.
+
+ * "git grep --color ''" did not terminate.  The command also had
+   subtle bugs with its -w option.
+
+ * http-push had a small use-after-free bug.
+
+ * "git push" was converting OFS_DELTA pack representation into less
+   efficient REF_DELTA representation unconditionally upon transfer,
+   making the transferred data unnecessarily larger.
+
+ * "git remote show origin" segfaulted when origin was still empty.
+
+Many other general usability updates around help text, diagnostic messages
+and documentation are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c28398bb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git archive" running on Cygwin can get stuck in an infinite loop.
+
+ * "git daemon" did not correctly parse the initial line that carries
+   virtual host request information.
+
+ * "git diff --textconv" leaked memory badly when the textconv filter
+   errored out.
+
+ * The built-in regular expressions to pick function names to put on
+   hunk header lines for java and objc were very inefficiently written.
+
+ * in certain error situations git-fetch (and git-clone) on Windows didn't
+   detect connection abort and ended up waiting indefinitely.
+
+ * import-tars script (in contrib) did not import symbolic links correctly.
+
+ * http.c used CURLOPT_SSLKEY even on libcURL version 7.9.2, even though
+   it was only available starting 7.9.3.
+
+ * low-level filelevel merge driver used return value from strdup()
+   without checking if we ran out of memory.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" left stray closing parenthesis in its reflog message.
+
+ * "git remote show" did not show all the URLs associated with the named
+   remote, even though "git remote -v" did.  Made them consistent by
+   making the former show all URLs.
+
+ * "whitespace" attribute that is set was meant to detect all errors known
+   to git, but it told git to ignore trailing carriage-returns.
+
+Includes other documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..418c685cf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+GIT v1.6.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+When the user does not tell "git push" what to push, it has always
+pushed matching refs.  For some people it is unexpected, and a new
+configuration variable push.default has been introduced to allow
+changing a different default behaviour.  To advertise the new feature,
+a big warning is issued if this is not configured and a git push without
+arguments is attempted.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.2
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* various git-svn updates.
+
+* git-gui updates, including an update to Russian translation, and a
+  fix to an infinite loop when showing an empty diff.
+
+* gitk updates, including an update to Russian translation and improved Windows
+  support.
+
+(performance)
+
+* many uses of lstat(2) in the codepath for "git checkout" have been
+  optimized out.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* Boolean configuration variable yes/no can be written as on/off.
+
+* rsync:/path/to/repo can be used to run git over rsync for local
+  repositories.  It may not be useful in practice; meant primarily for
+  testing.
+
+* http transport learned to prompt and use password when fetching from or
+  pushing to http://user@host.xz/ URL.
+
+* (msysgit) progress output that is sent over the sideband protocol can
+  be handled appropriately in Windows console.
+
+* "--pretty=<style>" option to the log family of commands can now be
+  spelled as "--format=<style>".  In addition, --format=%formatstring
+  is a short-hand for --pretty=tformat:%formatstring.
+
+* "--oneline" is a synonym for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit".
+
+* "--graph" to the "git log" family can draw the commit ancestry graph
+  in colors.
+
+* If you realize that you botched the patch when you are editing hunks
+  with the 'edit' action in git-add -i/-p, you can abort the editor to
+  tell git not to apply it.
+
+* @{-1} is a new way to refer to the last branch you were on introduced in
+  1.6.2, but the initial implementation did not teach this to a few
+  commands.  Now the syntax works with "branch -m @{-1} newname".
+
+* git-archive learned --output=<file> option.
+
+* git-archive takes attributes from the tree being archived; strictly
+  speaking, this is an incompatible behaviour change, but is a good one.
+  Use --worktree-attributes option to allow it to read attributes from
+  the work tree as before (deprecated git-tar tree command always reads
+  attributes from the work tree).
+
+* git-bisect shows not just the number of remaining commits whose goodness
+  is unknown, but also shows the estimated number of remaining rounds.
+
+* You can give --date=<format> option to git-blame.
+
+* "git-branch -r" shows HEAD symref that points at a remote branch in
+  interest of each tracked remote repository.
+
+* "git-branch -v -v" is a new way to get list of names for branches and the
+  "upstream" branch for them.
+
+* git-config learned -e option to open an editor to edit the config file
+  directly.
+
+* git-clone runs post-checkout hook when run without --no-checkout.
+
+* git-difftool is now part of the officially supported command, primarily
+  maintained by David Aguilar.
+
+* git-for-each-ref learned a new "upstream" token.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to use attachment with a new configuration,
+  format.attach.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to produce deep or shallow message threads.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to always add sign-off with a configuration
+  variable.
+
+* git-format-patch learned format.headers configuration to add extra
+  header fields to the output.  This behaviour is similar to the existing
+  --add-header=<header> option of the command.
+
+* git-format-patch gives human readable names to the attached files, when
+  told to send patches as attachments.
+
+* git-grep learned to highlight the found substrings in color.
+
+* git-imap-send learned to work around Thunderbird's inability to easily
+  disable format=flowed with a new configuration, imap.preformattedHTML.
+
+* git-rebase can be told to rebase the series even if your branch is a
+  descendant of the commit you are rebasing onto with --force-rebase
+  option.
+
+* git-rebase can be told to report diffstat with the --stat option.
+
+* Output from git-remote command has been vastly improved.
+
+* "git remote update --prune $remote" updates from the named remote and
+  then prunes stale tracking branches.
+
+* git-send-email learned --confirm option to review the Cc: list before
+  sending the messages out.
+
+(developers)
+
+* Test scripts can be run under valgrind.
+
+* Test scripts can be run with installed git.
+
+* Makefile learned 'coverage' option to run the test suites with
+  coverage tracking enabled.
+
+* Building the manpages with docbook-xsl between 1.69.1 and 1.71.1 now
+  requires setting DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP to work around a docbook-xsl bug.
+  This workaround used to be enabled by default, but causes problems
+  with newer versions of docbook-xsl.  In addition, there are a few more
+  knobs you can tweak to work around issues with various versions of the
+  docbook-xsl package.  See comments in Documentation/Makefile for details.
+
+* Support for building and testing a subset of git on a system without a
+  working perl has been improved.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.2.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.2.X series.
+
+* "git-apply" rejected a patch that swaps two files (i.e. renames A to B
+  and B to A at the same time).  May need to be backported by cherry
+  picking d8c81df and then 7fac0ee).
+
+* The initial checkout did not read the attributes from the .gitattribute
+  file that is being checked out.
+
+* git-gc spent excessive amount of time to decide if an object appears
+  in a locally existing pack (if needed, backport by merging 69e020a).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3c0346cc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+GIT v1.6.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.3
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+ * gitweb Perl style clean-up.
+
+ * git-svn updates, including a new --authors-prog option to map author
+   names by invoking an external program, 'git svn reset' to unwind
+   'git svn fetch', support for more than one branches, etc.
+
+(portability)
+
+ * We feed iconv with "UTF-8" instead of "utf8"; the former is
+   understood more widely.  Similarly updated test scripts to use
+   encoding names more widely understood (e.g. use "ISO8859-1" instead
+   of "ISO-8859-1").
+
+ * Various portability fixes/workarounds for different vintages of
+   SunOS, IRIX, and Windows.
+
+ * Git-over-ssh transport on Windows supports PuTTY plink and TortoisePlink.
+
+(performance)
+
+ * Many repeated use of lstat() are optimized out in "checkout" codepath.
+
+ * git-status (and underlying git-diff-index --cached) are optimized
+   to take advantage of cache-tree information in the index.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+ * "git add --edit" lets users edit the whole patch text to fine-tune what
+   is added to the index.
+
+ * "git am" accepts StGIT series file as its input.
+
+ * "git bisect skip" skips to a more randomly chosen place in the hope
+   to avoid testing a commit that is too close to a commit that is
+   already known to be untestable.
+
+ * "git cvsexportcommit" learned -k option to stop CVS keywords expansion
+
+ * "git grep" learned -p option to show the location of the match using the
+   same context hunk marker "git diff" uses.
+
+ * https transport can optionally be told that the used client
+   certificate is password protected, in which case it asks the
+   password only once.
+
+ * "git imap-send" is IPv6 aware.
+
+ * "git log --graph" draws graphs more compactly by using horizonal lines
+   when able.
+
+ * "git log --decorate" shows shorter refnames by stripping well-known
+   refs/* prefix.
+
+ * "git push $name" honors remote.$name.pushurl if present before
+   using remote.$name.url.  In other words, the URL used for fetching
+   and pushing can be different.
+
+ * "git send-email" understands quoted aliases in .mailrc files (might
+   have to be backported to 1.6.3.X).
+
+ * "git send-email" can fetch the sender address from the configuration
+   variable "sendmail.from" (and "sendmail.<identity>.from").
+
+ * "git show-branch" can color its output.
+
+ * "add" and "update" subcommands to "git submodule" learned --reference
+   option to use local clone with references.
+
+ * "git submodule update" learned --rebase option to update checked
+   out submodules by rebasing the local changes.
+
+ * "gitweb" can optionally use gravatar to adorn author/committer names.
+
+(developers)
+
+ * A major part of the "git bisect" wrapper has moved to C.
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.3.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.3.X series.
+
+ * "git diff-tree -r -t" used to omit new or removed directories from
+   the output.  df533f3 (diff-tree -r -t: include added/removed
+   directories in the output, 2009-06-13) may need to be cherry-picked
+   to backport this fix.
+
+ * The way Git.pm sets up a Repository object was not friendly to callers
+   that chdir around.  It now internally records the repository location
+   as an absolute path when autodetected.
+
+ * Removing a section with "git config --remove-section", when its
+   section header has a variable definition on the same line, lost
+   that variable definition.
+
+ * "git repack" used to faithfully follow grafts and considered true
+   parents recorded in the commit object unreachable from the commit.
+   After such a repacking, you cannot remove grafts without corrupting
+   the repository.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not detect errorneous loops in alias expansion.
+
+---
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+echo O=$(git describe master)
+O=v1.6.4-rc2-17-g130b04a
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 131bcff9b2..76fc84d878 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -1,19 +1,30 @@
 Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
 
+	Commits:
+
 	- make commits of logical units
 	- check for unnecessary whitespace with "git diff --check"
 	  before committing
 	- do not check in commented out code or unneeded files
-	- provide a meaningful commit message
 	- the first line of the commit message should be a short
 	  description and should skip the full stop
+	- the body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
+		- uses the imperative, present tense: "change",
+		  not "changed" or "changes".
+		- includes motivation for the change, and contrasts
+		  its implementation with previous behaviour
 	- if you want your work included in git.git, add a
-	  "Signed-off-by: Your Name <your@email.com>" line to the
+	  "Signed-off-by: Your Name <you@example.com>" line to the
 	  commit message (or just use the option "-s" when
 	  committing) to confirm that you agree to the Developer's
 	  Certificate of Origin
-	- do not PGP sign your patch
+	- make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing
+	- make sure that the test suite passes after your commit
+
+	Patch:
+
 	- use "git format-patch -M" to create the patch
+	- do not PGP sign your patch
 	- do not attach your patch, but read in the mail
 	  body, unless you cannot teach your mailer to
 	  leave the formatting of the patch alone.
@@ -21,7 +32,15 @@ Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
 	  corrupt whitespaces.
 	- provide additional information (which is unsuitable for
 	  the commit message) between the "---" and the diffstat
-	- send the patch to the list _and_ the maintainer
+	- if you change, add, or remove a command line option or
+	  make some other user interface change, the associated
+	  documentation should be updated as well.
+	- if your name is not writable in ASCII, make sure that
+	  you send off a message in the correct encoding.
+	- send the patch to the list (git@vger.kernel.org) and the
+	  maintainer (gitster@pobox.com) if (and only if) the patch
+	  is ready for inclusion. If you use git-send-email(1),
+	  please test it first by sending email to yourself.
 
 Long version:
 
@@ -47,6 +66,14 @@ Describe the technical detail of the change(s).
 
 If your description starts to get too long, that's a sign that you
 probably need to split up your commit to finer grained pieces.
+That being said, patches which plainly describe the things that
+help reviewers check the patch, and future maintainers understand
+the code, are the most beautiful patches.  Descriptions that summarise
+the point in the subject well, and describe the motivation for the
+change, the approach taken by the change, and if relevant how this
+differs substantially from the prior version, can be found on Usenet
+archives back into the late 80's.  Consider it like good Netiquette,
+but for code.
 
 Oh, another thing.  I am picky about whitespaces.  Make sure your
 changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@@ -54,6 +81,19 @@ in templates/hooks--pre-commit.  To help ensure this does not happen,
 run git diff --check on your changes before you commit.
 
 
+(1a) Try to be nice to older C compilers
+
+We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile
+git with. That means that you should not use C99 initializers, even
+if a lot of compilers grok it.
+
+Also, variables have to be declared at the beginning of the block
+(you can check this with gcc, using the -Wdeclaration-after-statement
+option).
+
+Another thing: NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0.
+
+
 (2) Generate your patch using git tools out of your commits.
 
 git based diff tools (git, Cogito, and StGIT included) generate
@@ -84,7 +124,12 @@ lose tabs that way if you are not careful.
 
 It is a common convention to prefix your subject line with
 [PATCH].  This lets people easily distinguish patches from other
-e-mail discussions.
+e-mail discussions.  Use of additional markers after PATCH and
+the closing bracket to mark the nature of the patch is also
+encouraged.  E.g. [PATCH/RFC] is often used when the patch is
+not ready to be applied but it is for discussion, [PATCH v2],
+[PATCH v3] etc. are often seen when you are sending an update to
+what you have previously sent.
 
 "git format-patch" command follows the best current practice to
 format the body of an e-mail message.  At the beginning of the
@@ -129,7 +174,8 @@ Note that your maintainer does not necessarily read everything
 on the git mailing list.  If your patch is for discussion first,
 send it "To:" the mailing list, and optionally "cc:" him.  If it
 is trivially correct or after the list reached a consensus, send
-it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list.
+it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list for
+inclusion.
 
 Also note that your maintainer does not actively involve himself in
 maintaining what are in contrib/ hierarchy.  When you send fixes and
@@ -182,10 +228,56 @@ then you just add a line saying
 This line can be automatically added by git if you run the git-commit
 command with the -s option.
 
-Some people also put extra tags at the end.  They'll just be ignored for
-now, but you can do this to mark internal company procedures or just
-point out some special detail about the sign-off.
+Notice that you can place your own Signed-off-by: line when
+forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
+D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
+place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
+the change to its true author (see (2) above).
+
+Also notice that a real name is used in the Signed-off-by: line. Please
+don't hide your real name.
 
+Some people also put extra tags at the end.
+
+"Acked-by:" says that the patch was reviewed by the person who
+is more familiar with the issues and the area the patch attempts
+to modify.  "Tested-by:" says the patch was tested by the person
+and found to have the desired effect.
+
+------------------------------------------------
+An ideal patch flow
+
+Here is an ideal patch flow for this project the current maintainer
+suggests to the contributors:
+
+ (0) You come up with an itch.  You code it up.
+
+ (1) Send it to the list and cc people who may need to know about
+     the change.
+
+     The people who may need to know are the ones whose code you
+     are butchering.  These people happen to be the ones who are
+     most likely to be knowledgeable enough to help you, but
+     they have no obligation to help you (i.e. you ask for help,
+     don't demand).  "git log -p -- $area_you_are_modifying" would
+     help you find out who they are.
+
+ (2) You get comments and suggestions for improvements.  You may
+     even get them in a "on top of your change" patch form.
+
+ (3) Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who
+     spend their time to improve your patch.  Go back to step (2).
+
+ (4) The list forms consensus that the last round of your patch is
+     good.  Send it to the list and cc the maintainer.
+
+ (5) A topic branch is created with the patch and is merged to 'next',
+     and cooked further and eventually graduates to 'master'.
+
+In any time between the (2)-(3) cycle, the maintainer may pick it up
+from the list and queue it to 'pu', in order to make it easier for
+people play with it without having to pick up and apply the patch to
+their trees themselves.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 MUA specific hints
@@ -215,7 +307,7 @@ One test you could do yourself if your MUA is set up correctly is:
     $ git fetch http://kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git master:test-apply
     $ git checkout test-apply
     $ git reset --hard
-    $ git applymbox a.patch
+    $ git am a.patch
 
 If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
 
@@ -223,8 +315,8 @@ If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
   does not have much to do with your MUA.  Please rebase the
   patch appropriately.
 
-* Your MUA corrupted your patch; applymbox would complain that
-  the patch does not apply.  Look at .dotest/ subdirectory and
+* Your MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that
+  the patch does not apply.  Look at .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and
   see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common
   corruption patterns mentioned above.
 
@@ -268,15 +360,15 @@ diff --git a/pico/pico.c b/pico/pico.c
 --- a/pico/pico.c
 +++ b/pico/pico.c
 @@ -219,7 +219,9 @@ PICO *pm;
- 	    switch(pico_all_done){	/* prepare for/handle final events */
- 	      case COMP_EXIT :		/* already confirmed */
- 		packheader();
+	    switch(pico_all_done){	/* prepare for/handle final events */
+	      case COMP_EXIT :		/* already confirmed */
+		packheader();
 +#if 0
- 		stripwhitespace();
+		stripwhitespace();
 +#endif
- 		c |= COMP_EXIT;
- 		break;
- 
+		c |= COMP_EXIT;
+		break;
+
 
 (Daniel Barkalow)
 
@@ -296,9 +388,36 @@ Thunderbird
 
 (A Large Angry SCM)
 
+By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag them as
+being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the resulting email unusable
+by git.
+
 Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using
 Thunderbird.
 
+There are two different approaches.  One approach is to configure
+Thunderbird to not mangle patches.  The second approach is to use
+an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches.
+
+Approach #1 (configuration):
+
+This recipe is current as of Thunderbird 2.0.0.19.  Three steps:
+  1.  Configure your mail server composition as plain text
+      Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing,
+        uncheck 'Compose Messages in HTML'.
+  2.  Configure your general composition window to not wrap
+      Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0
+  3.  Disable the use of format=flowed
+      Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor.  Search for:
+        mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed
+      toggle it to make sure it is set to 'false'.
+
+After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you
+otherwise would (cut + paste, git-format-patch | git-imap-send, etc),
+and the patches should not be mangled.
+
+Approach #2 (external editor):
+
 This recipe appears to work with the current [*1*] Thunderbird from Suse.
 
 The following Thunderbird extensions are needed:
@@ -342,6 +461,11 @@ settings but I haven't tried, yet.
 	mail.identity.default.compose_html	=> false
 	mail.identity.id?.compose_html		=> false
 
+(Lukas Sandström)
+
+There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help
+you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the
+steps above and then use the script as the external editor.
 
 Gnus
 ----
@@ -374,3 +498,40 @@ This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
 
 5) Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
 message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
+
+
+Gmail
+-----
+
+GMail does not appear to have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web
+interface, so this will mangle any emails that you send.  You can however
+use any IMAP email client to connect to the google imap server, and forward
+the emails through that.  Just make sure to disable line wrapping in that
+email client.  Alternatively, use "git send-email" instead.
+
+Submitting properly formatted patches via Gmail is simple now that
+IMAP support is available. First, edit your ~/.gitconfig to specify your
+account settings:
+
+[imap]
+	folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts"
+	host = imaps://imap.gmail.com
+	user = user@gmail.com
+	pass = p4ssw0rd
+	port = 993
+	sslverify = false
+
+You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error
+that the "Folder doesn't exist".
+
+Next, ensure that your Gmail settings are correct. In "Settings" the
+"Use Unicode (UTF-8) encoding for outgoing messages" should be checked.
+
+Once your commits are ready to send to the mailing list, run the following
+command to send the patch emails to your Gmail Drafts folder.
+
+	$ git format-patch -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send
+
+Go to your Gmail account, open the Drafts folder, find the patch email, fill
+in the To: and CC: fields and send away!
+
diff --git a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
index fa7dc94845..87a90f2c3f 100644
--- a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+++ b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
-## gitlink: macro
+## linkgit: macro
 #
-# Usage: gitlink:command[manpage-section]
+# Usage: linkgit:command[manpage-section]
 #
 # Note, {0} is the manpage section, while {target} is the command.
 #
 # Show GIT link as: <command>(<section>); if section is defined, else just show
 # the command.
 
+[macros]
+(?su)[\\]?(?P<name>linkgit):(?P<target>\S*?)\[(?P<attrlist>.*?)\]=
+
 [attributes]
-caret=^
+asterisk=&#42;
+plus=&#43;
+caret=&#94;
 startsb=&#91;
 endsb=&#93;
 tilde=&#126;
+backtick=&#96;
 
 ifdef::backend-docbook[]
-[gitlink-inlinemacro]
+[linkgit-inlinemacro]
 {0%{target}}
 {0#<citerefentry>}
 {0#<refentrytitle>{target}</refentrytitle><manvolnum>{0}</manvolnum>}
@@ -22,13 +28,43 @@ ifdef::backend-docbook[]
 endif::backend-docbook[]
 
 ifdef::backend-docbook[]
+ifndef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 # "unbreak" docbook-xsl v1.68 for manpages. v1.69 works with or without this.
+# v1.72 breaks with this because it replaces dots not in roff requests.
 [listingblock]
 <example><title>{title}</title>
 <literallayout>
+ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
+&#10;.ft C&#10;
+endif::doctype-manpage[]
 |
+ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
+&#10;.ft&#10;
+endif::doctype-manpage[]
 </literallayout>
 {title#}</example>
+endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
+
+ifdef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
+ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
+# The following two small workarounds insert a simple paragraph after screen
+[listingblock]
+<example><title>{title}</title>
+<literallayout>
+|
+</literallayout><simpara></simpara>
+{title#}</example>
+
+[verseblock]
+<formalpara{id? id="{id}"}><title>{title}</title><para>
+{title%}<literallayout{id? id="{id}"}>
+{title#}<literallayout>
+|
+</literallayout>
+{title#}</para></formalpara>
+{title%}<simpara></simpara>
+endif::doctype-manpage[]
+endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 endif::backend-docbook[]
 
 ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
@@ -40,7 +76,7 @@ template::[header-declarations]
 <refentrytitle>{mantitle}</refentrytitle>
 <manvolnum>{manvolnum}</manvolnum>
 <refmiscinfo class="source">Git</refmiscinfo>
-<refmiscinfo class="version">@@GIT_VERSION@@</refmiscinfo>
+<refmiscinfo class="version">{git_version}</refmiscinfo>
 <refmiscinfo class="manual">Git Manual</refmiscinfo>
 </refmeta>
 <refnamediv>
@@ -51,8 +87,6 @@ endif::backend-docbook[]
 endif::doctype-manpage[]
 
 ifdef::backend-xhtml11[]
-[gitlink-inlinemacro]
+[linkgit-inlinemacro]
 <a href="{target}.html">{target}{0?({0})}</a>
 endif::backend-xhtml11[]
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1625ffce6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+-b::
+	Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits.  This can also
+	be controlled via the `blame.blankboundary` config option.
+
+--root::
+	Do not treat root commits as boundaries.  This can also be
+	controlled via the `blame.showroot` config option.
+
+--show-stats::
+	Include additional statistics at the end of blame output.
+
+-L <start>,<end>::
+	Annotate only the given line range.  <start> and <end> can take
+	one of these forms:
+
+	- number
++
+If <start> or <end> is a number, it specifies an
+absolute line number (lines count from 1).
++
+
+- /regex/
++
+This form will use the first line matching the given
+POSIX regex.  If <end> is a regex, it will search
+starting at the line given by <start>.
++
+
+- +offset or -offset
++
+This is only valid for <end> and will specify a number
+of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
++
+
+-l::
+	Show long rev (Default: off).
+
+-t::
+	Show raw timestamp (Default: off).
+
+-S <revs-file>::
+	Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
+
+--reverse::
+	Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
+	the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
+	revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
+	revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
+	START.
+
+-p::
+--porcelain::
+	Show in a format designed for machine consumption.
+
+--incremental::
+	Show the result incrementally in a format designed for
+	machine consumption.
+
+--encoding=<encoding>::
+	Specifies the encoding used to output author names
+	and commit summaries. Setting it to `none` makes blame
+	output unconverted data. For more information see the
+	discussion about encoding in the linkgit:git-log[1]
+	manual page.
+
+--contents <file>::
+	When <rev> is not specified, the command annotates the
+	changes starting backwards from the working tree copy.
+	This flag makes the command pretend as if the working
+	tree copy has the contents of the named file (specify
+	`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
+
+--date <format>::
+	The value is one of the following alternatives:
+	{relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}. If --date is not
+	provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
+	used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
+	iso format is used. For more information, See the discussion
+	of the --date option at linkgit:git-log[1].
+
+-M|<num>|::
+	Detect moving lines in the file as well.  When a commit
+	moves a block of lines in a file (e.g. the original file
+	has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and
+	then A), the traditional 'blame' algorithm typically blames
+	the lines that were moved up (i.e. B) to the parent and
+	assigns blame to the lines that were moved down (i.e. A)
+	to the child commit.  With this option, both groups of lines
+	are blamed on the parent.
++
+<num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
+alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving
+within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
+commit.
+
+-C|<num>|::
+	In addition to `-M`, detect lines copied from other
+	files that were modified in the same commit.  This is
+	useful when you reorganize your program and move code
+	around across files.  When this option is given twice,
+	the command additionally looks for copies from all other
+	files in the parent for the commit that creates the file.
++
+<num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
+alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving
+between files for it to associate those lines with the parent
+commit.
+
+-h::
+--help::
+	Show help message.
diff --git a/Documentation/callouts.xsl b/Documentation/callouts.xsl
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a361a2136..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/callouts.xsl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-<!-- callout.xsl: converts asciidoc callouts to man page format -->
-<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
-<xsl:template match="co">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB(',substring-after(@id,'-'),')\fR')"/>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
-	<xsl:text>.sp&#10;</xsl:text>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="callout">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB',substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),'. \fR')"/>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>.br&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- sorry, this is not about callouts, but attempts to work around
- spurious .sp at the tail of the line docbook stylesheets seem to add -->
-<xsl:template match="simpara">
-  <xsl:variable name="content">
-    <xsl:apply-templates/>
-  </xsl:variable>
-  <xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($content)"/>
-  <xsl:if test="not(ancestor::authorblurb) and
-                not(ancestor::personblurb)">
-    <xsl:text>&#10;&#10;</xsl:text>
-  </xsl:if>
-</xsl:template>
-
-</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..828ec62554
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
+my @menu = ();
+my $output = $ARGV[0];
+
+open TMP, '>', "$output.tmp";
+
+while (<STDIN>) {
+	next if (/^\\input texinfo/../\@node Top/);
+	next if (/^\@bye/ || /^\.ft/);
+	if (s/^\@top (.*)/\@node $1,,,Top/) {
+		push @menu, $1;
+	}
+	s/\(\@pxref{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
+	print TMP;
+}
+close TMP;
+
+printf '\input texinfo
+@setfilename gitman.info
+@documentencoding UTF-8
+@dircategory Development
+@direntry
+* Git Man Pages: (gitman).  Manual pages for Git revision control system
+@end direntry
+@node Top,,, (dir)
+@top Git Manual Pages
+@documentlanguage en
+@menu
+', $menu[0];
+
+for (@menu) {
+	print "* ${_}::\n";
+}
+print "\@end menu\n";
+open TMP, '<', "$output.tmp";
+while (<TMP>) {
+	print;
+}
+close TMP;
+print "\@bye\n";
+unlink "$output.tmp";
diff --git a/Documentation/cmd-list.perl b/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
index 0381590d38..04f99778d8 100755
--- a/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
+++ b/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 use File::Compare qw(compare);
 
 sub format_one {
-	my ($out, $name) = @_;
+	my ($out, $nameattr) = @_;
+	my ($name, $attr) = @$nameattr;
 	my ($state, $description);
 	$state = 0;
 	open I, '<', "$name.txt" or die "No such file $name.txt";
@@ -26,8 +27,11 @@ sub format_one {
 		die "No description found in $name.txt";
 	}
 	if (my ($verify_name, $text) = ($description =~ /^($name) - (.*)/)) {
-		print $out "gitlink:$name\[1\]::\n";
-		print $out "\t$text.\n\n";
+		print $out "linkgit:$name\[1\]::\n\t";
+		if ($attr =~ / deprecated /) {
+			print $out "(deprecated) ";
+		}
+		print $out "$text.\n\n";
 	}
 	else {
 		die "Description does not match $name: $description";
@@ -35,12 +39,13 @@ sub format_one {
 }
 
 my %cmds = ();
-while (<DATA>) {
+for (sort <>) {
 	next if /^#/;
 
 	chomp;
-	my ($name, $cat) = /^(\S+)\s+(.*)$/;
-	push @{$cmds{$cat}}, $name;
+	my ($name, $cat, $attr) = /^(\S+)\s+(.*?)(?:\s+(.*))?$/;
+	$attr = '' unless defined $attr;
+	push @{$cmds{$cat}}, [$name, " $attr "];
 }
 
 for my $cat (qw(ancillaryinterrogators
@@ -67,132 +72,3 @@ for my $cat (qw(ancillaryinterrogators
 		rename "$out+", "$out";
 	}
 }
-
-__DATA__
-git-add                                 mainporcelain
-git-am                                  mainporcelain
-git-annotate                            ancillaryinterrogators
-git-applymbox                           ancillaryinterrogators
-git-applypatch                          purehelpers
-git-apply                               plumbingmanipulators
-git-archimport                          foreignscminterface
-git-archive                             mainporcelain
-git-bisect                              mainporcelain
-git-blame                               ancillaryinterrogators
-git-branch                              mainporcelain
-git-bundle                              mainporcelain
-git-cat-file                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-checkout-index                      plumbingmanipulators
-git-checkout                            mainporcelain
-git-check-ref-format                    purehelpers
-git-cherry                              ancillaryinterrogators
-git-cherry-pick                         mainporcelain
-git-clean                               mainporcelain
-git-clone                               mainporcelain
-git-commit                              mainporcelain
-git-commit-tree                         plumbingmanipulators
-git-convert-objects                     ancillarymanipulators
-git-count-objects                       ancillaryinterrogators
-git-cvsexportcommit                     foreignscminterface
-git-cvsimport                           foreignscminterface
-git-cvsserver                           foreignscminterface
-git-daemon                              synchingrepositories
-git-describe                            mainporcelain
-git-diff-files                          plumbinginterrogators
-git-diff-index                          plumbinginterrogators
-git-diff                                mainporcelain
-git-diff-tree                           plumbinginterrogators
-git-fast-import				ancillarymanipulators
-git-fetch                               mainporcelain
-git-fetch-pack                          synchingrepositories
-git-fmt-merge-msg                       purehelpers
-git-for-each-ref                        plumbinginterrogators
-git-format-patch                        mainporcelain
-git-fsck	                        ancillaryinterrogators
-git-gc                                  mainporcelain
-git-get-tar-commit-id                   ancillaryinterrogators
-git-grep                                mainporcelain
-git-hash-object                         plumbingmanipulators
-git-http-fetch                          synchelpers
-git-http-push                           synchelpers
-git-imap-send                           foreignscminterface
-git-index-pack                          plumbingmanipulators
-git-init                                mainporcelain
-git-instaweb                            ancillaryinterrogators
-gitk                                    mainporcelain
-git-local-fetch                         synchingrepositories
-git-log                                 mainporcelain
-git-lost-found                          ancillarymanipulators
-git-ls-files                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-ls-remote                           plumbinginterrogators
-git-ls-tree                             plumbinginterrogators
-git-mailinfo                            purehelpers
-git-mailsplit                           purehelpers
-git-merge-base                          plumbinginterrogators
-git-merge-file                          plumbingmanipulators
-git-merge-index                         plumbingmanipulators
-git-merge                               mainporcelain
-git-merge-one-file                      purehelpers
-git-merge-tree                          ancillaryinterrogators
-git-mergetool                           ancillarymanipulators
-git-mktag                               plumbingmanipulators
-git-mktree                              plumbingmanipulators
-git-mv                                  mainporcelain
-git-name-rev                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-pack-objects                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-pack-redundant                      plumbinginterrogators
-git-pack-refs                           ancillarymanipulators
-git-parse-remote                        synchelpers
-git-patch-id                            purehelpers
-git-peek-remote                         purehelpers
-git-prune                               ancillarymanipulators
-git-prune-packed                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-pull                                mainporcelain
-git-push                                mainporcelain
-git-quiltimport                         foreignscminterface
-git-read-tree                           plumbingmanipulators
-git-rebase                              mainporcelain
-git-receive-pack                        synchelpers
-git-reflog                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-relink                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-repack                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-config                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-remote                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface
-git-rerere                              ancillaryinterrogators
-git-reset                               mainporcelain
-git-revert                              mainporcelain
-git-rev-list                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-rev-parse                           ancillaryinterrogators
-git-rm                                  mainporcelain
-git-runstatus                           ancillaryinterrogators
-git-send-email                          foreignscminterface
-git-send-pack                           synchingrepositories
-git-shell                               synchelpers
-git-shortlog                            mainporcelain
-git-show                                mainporcelain
-git-show-branch                         ancillaryinterrogators
-git-show-index                          plumbinginterrogators
-git-show-ref                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-sh-setup                            purehelpers
-git-ssh-fetch                           synchingrepositories
-git-ssh-upload                          synchingrepositories
-git-status                              mainporcelain
-git-stripspace                          purehelpers
-git-svn                                 foreignscminterface
-git-svnimport                           foreignscminterface
-git-symbolic-ref                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-tag                                 mainporcelain
-git-tar-tree                            plumbinginterrogators
-git-unpack-file                         plumbinginterrogators
-git-unpack-objects                      plumbingmanipulators
-git-update-index                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-update-ref                          plumbingmanipulators
-git-update-server-info                  synchingrepositories
-git-upload-archive                      synchelpers
-git-upload-pack                         synchelpers
-git-var                                 plumbinginterrogators
-git-verify-pack                         plumbinginterrogators
-git-verify-tag                          ancillaryinterrogators
-git-whatchanged                         ancillaryinterrogators
-git-write-tree                          plumbingmanipulators
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index cf1e040381..6857d2f4a9 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ CONFIGURATION FILE
 ------------------
 
 The git configuration file contains a number of variables that affect
-the git command's behavior. `.git/config` file for each repository
-is used to store the information for that repository, and
-`$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store per user information to give
-fallback values for `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
-can be used to store system-wide defaults.
-
-They can be used by both the git plumbing
-and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, where
-in the fully qualified variable name the variable itself is the last
+the git command's behavior. The `.git/config` file in each repository
+is used to store the configuration for that repository, and
+`$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store a per-user configuration as
+fallback values for the `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
+can be used to store a system-wide default configuration.
+
+The configuration variables are used by both the git plumbing
+and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, wherein
+the fully qualified variable name of the variable itself is the last
 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
 dot. The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
 characters are allowed. Some variables may appear multiple times.
@@ -25,35 +25,35 @@ blank lines are ignored.
 The file consists of sections and variables.  A section begins with
 the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next
 section begins.  Section names are not case sensitive.  Only alphanumeric
-characters, '`-`' and '`.`' are allowed in section names.  Each variable
-must belong to some section, which means that there must be section
-header before first setting of a variable.
+characters, `-` and `.` are allowed in section names.  Each variable
+must belong to some section, which means that there must be a section
+header before the first setting of a variable.
 
 Sections can be further divided into subsections.  To begin a subsection
 put its name in double quotes, separated by space from the section name,
-in the section header, like in example below:
+in the section header, like in the example below:
 
 --------
 	[section "subsection"]
 
 --------
 
-Subsection names can contain any characters except newline (doublequote
-'`"`' and backslash have to be escaped as '`\"`' and '`\\`',
-respectively) and are case sensitive.  Section header cannot span multiple
+Subsection names are case sensitive and can contain any characters except
+newline (doublequote `"` and backslash have to be escaped as `\"` and `\\`,
+respectively).  Section headers cannot span multiple
 lines.  Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection.
 You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
 don't need to.
 
-There is also (case insensitive) alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
-In this syntax subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
-name.
+There is also a case insensitive alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
+In this syntax, subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
+names.
 
 All the other lines are recognized as setting variables, in the form
 'name = value'.  If there is no equal sign on the line, the entire line
 is taken as 'name' and the variable is recognized as boolean "true".
 The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
-characters and '`-`' are allowed.  There can be more than one value
+characters and `-` are allowed.  There can be more than one value
 for a given variable; we say then that variable is multivalued.
 
 Leading and trailing whitespace in a variable value is discarded.
@@ -61,26 +61,26 @@ Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim.
 
 The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either
 a string, an integer, or a boolean.  Boolean values may be given as yes/no,
-0/1 or true/false.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
+0/1, true/false or on/off.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
 converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier;
-`git-config` will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
+'git-config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
 
 String values may be entirely or partially enclosed in double quotes.
-You need to enclose variable value in double quotes if you want to
-preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if variable value contains
-beginning of comment characters (if it contains '#' or ';').
-Double quote '`"`' and backslash '`\`' characters in variable value must
-be escaped: use '`\"`' for '`"`' and '`\\`' for '`\`'.
-
-The following escape sequences (beside '`\"`' and '`\\`') are recognized:
-'`\n`' for newline character (NL), '`\t`' for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
-and '`\b`' for backspace (BS).  No other char escape sequence, nor octal
+You need to enclose variable values in double quotes if you want to
+preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if the variable value contains
+comment characters (i.e. it contains '#' or ';').
+Double quote `"` and backslash `\` characters in variable values must
+be escaped: use `\"` for `"` and `\\` for `\`.
+
+The following escape sequences (beside `\"` and `\\`) are recognized:
+`\n` for newline character (NL), `\t` for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
+and `\b` for backspace (BS).  No other char escape sequence, nor octal
 char sequences are valid.
 
-Variable value ending in a '`\`' is continued on the next line in the
+Variable values ending in a `\` are continued on the next line in the
 customary UNIX fashion.
 
-Some variables may require special value format.
+Some variables may require a special value format.
 
 Example
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Example
 
 	# Our diff algorithm
 	[diff]
-		external = "/usr/local/bin/gnu-diff -u"
+		external = /usr/local/bin/diff-wrapper
 		renames = true
 
 	[branch "devel"]
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Example
 
 	# Proxy settings
 	[core]
-		gitProxy="ssh" for "ssh://kernel.org/"
+		gitProxy="ssh" for "kernel.org"
 		gitProxy=default-proxy ; for the rest
 
 Variables
@@ -115,12 +115,97 @@ porcelain configuration variables in the respective porcelain documentation.
 core.fileMode::
 	If false, the executable bit differences between the index and
 	the working copy are ignored; useful on broken filesystems like FAT.
-	See gitlink:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
+
+core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks::
+	This option is only used by Cygwin implementation of Git. If false,
+	the Cygwin stat() and lstat() functions are used. This may be useful
+	if your repository consists of a few separate directories joined in
+	one hierarchy using Cygwin mount. If true, Git uses native Win32 API
+	whenever it is possible and falls back to Cygwin functions only to
+	handle symbol links. The native mode is more than twice faster than
+	normal Cygwin l/stat() functions. True by default, unless core.filemode
+	is true, in which case ignoreCygwinFSTricks is ignored as Cygwin's
+	POSIX emulation is required to support core.filemode.
+
+core.trustctime::
+	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
+	working copy are ignored; useful when the inode change time
+	is regularly modified by something outside Git (file system
+	crawlers and some backup systems).
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
+
+core.quotepath::
+	The commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files',
+	'diff'), when not given the `-z` option, will quote
+	"unusual" characters in the pathname by enclosing the
+	pathname in a double-quote pair and with backslashes the
+	same way strings in C source code are quoted.  If this
+	variable is set to false, the bytes higher than 0x80 are
+	not quoted but output as verbatim.  Note that double
+	quote, backslash and control characters are always
+	quoted without `-z` regardless of the setting of this
+	variable.
+
+core.autocrlf::
+	If true, makes git convert `CRLF` at the end of lines in text files to
+	`LF` when reading from the filesystem, and convert in reverse when
+	writing to the filesystem.  The variable can be set to
+	'input', in which case the conversion happens only while
+	reading from the filesystem but files are written out with
+	`LF` at the end of lines.  Currently, which paths to consider
+	"text" (i.e. be subjected to the autocrlf mechanism) is
+	decided purely based on the contents.
+
+core.safecrlf::
+	If true, makes git check if converting `CRLF` as controlled by
+	`core.autocrlf` is reversible.  Git will verify if a command
+	modifies a file in the work tree either directly or indirectly.
+	For example, committing a file followed by checking out the
+	same file should yield the original file in the work tree.  If
+	this is not the case for the current setting of
+	`core.autocrlf`, git will reject the file.  The variable can
+	be set to "warn", in which case git will only warn about an
+	irreversible conversion but continue the operation.
++
+CRLF conversion bears a slight chance of corrupting data.
+autocrlf=true will convert CRLF to LF during commit and LF to
+CRLF during checkout.  A file that contains a mixture of LF and
+CRLF before the commit cannot be recreated by git.  For text
+files this is the right thing to do: it corrects line endings
+such that we have only LF line endings in the repository.
+But for binary files that are accidentally classified as text the
+conversion can corrupt data.
++
+If you recognize such corruption early you can easily fix it by
+setting the conversion type explicitly in .gitattributes.  Right
+after committing you still have the original file in your work
+tree and this file is not yet corrupted.  You can explicitly tell
+git that this file is binary and git will handle the file
+appropriately.
++
+Unfortunately, the desired effect of cleaning up text files with
+mixed line endings and the undesired effect of corrupting binary
+files cannot be distinguished.  In both cases CRLFs are removed
+in an irreversible way.  For text files this is the right thing
+to do because CRLFs are line endings, while for binary files
+converting CRLFs corrupts data.
++
+Note, this safety check does not mean that a checkout will generate a
+file identical to the original file for a different setting of
+`core.autocrlf`, but only for the current one.  For example, a text
+file with `LF` would be accepted with `core.autocrlf=input` and could
+later be checked out with `core.autocrlf=true`, in which case the
+resulting file would contain `CRLF`, although the original file
+contained `LF`.  However, in both work trees the line endings would be
+consistent, that is either all `LF` or all `CRLF`, but never mixed.  A
+file with mixed line endings would be reported by the `core.safecrlf`
+mechanism.
 
 core.symlinks::
 	If false, symbolic links are checked out as small plain files that
-	contain the link text. gitlink:git-update-index[1] and
-	gitlink:git-add[1] will not change the recorded type to regular
+	contain the link text. linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
+	linkgit:git-add[1] will not change the recorded type to regular
 	file. Useful on filesystems like FAT that do not support
 	symbolic links. True by default.
 
@@ -136,12 +221,20 @@ core.gitProxy::
 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_PROXY_COMMAND' environment variable
 (which always applies universally, without the special "for"
 handling).
++
+The special string `none` can be used as the proxy command to
+specify that no proxy be used for a given domain pattern.
+This is useful for excluding servers inside a firewall from
+proxy use, while defaulting to a common proxy for external domains.
 
 core.ignoreStat::
-	The working copy files are assumed to stay unchanged until you
-	mark them otherwise manually - Git will not detect the file changes
-	by lstat() calls. This is useful on systems where those are very
-	slow, such as Microsoft Windows.  See gitlink:git-update-index[1].
+	If true, commands which modify both the working tree and the index
+	will mark the updated paths with the "assume unchanged" bit in the
+	index. These marked files are then assumed to stay unchanged in the
+	working copy, until you	mark them otherwise manually - Git will not
+	detect the file changes	by lstat() calls. This is useful on systems
+	where those are very slow, such as Microsoft Windows.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
 	False by default.
 
 core.preferSymlinkRefs::
@@ -154,16 +247,29 @@ core.bare::
 	If true this repository is assumed to be 'bare' and has no
 	working directory associated with it.  If this is the case a
 	number of commands that require a working directory will be
-	disabled, such as gitlink:git-add[1] or gitlink:git-merge[1].
+	disabled, such as linkgit:git-add[1] or linkgit:git-merge[1].
 +
-This setting is automatically guessed by gitlink:git-clone[1] or
-gitlink:git-init[1] when the repository was created.  By default a
+This setting is automatically guessed by linkgit:git-clone[1] or
+linkgit:git-init[1] when the repository was created.  By default a
 repository that ends in "/.git" is assumed to be not bare (bare =
 false), while all other repositories are assumed to be bare (bare
 = true).
 
+core.worktree::
+	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
+	used in combination with repositories found automatically in
+	a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+	This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
+	variable and the '--work-tree' command line option. It can be
+	a absolute path or relative path to the directory specified by
+	--git-dir or GIT_DIR.
+	Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
+	--work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
+	the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
+	of your working tree.
+
 core.logAllRefUpdates::
-	Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
+	Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
 	"$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old
 	SHA1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
 	only when the file exists.  If this configuration
@@ -187,30 +293,32 @@ core.sharedRepository::
 	group-writable). When 'all' (or 'world' or 'everybody'), the
 	repository will be readable by all users, additionally to being
 	group-shareable. When 'umask' (or 'false'), git will use permissions
-	reported by umask(2). See gitlink:git-init[1]. False by default.
+	reported by umask(2). When '0xxx', where '0xxx' is an octal number,
+	files in the repository will have this mode value. '0xxx' will override
+	user's umask value (whereas the other options will only override
+	requested parts of the user's umask value). Examples: '0660' will make
+	the repo read/write-able for the owner and group, but inaccessible to
+	others (equivalent to 'group' unless umask is e.g. '0022'). '0640' is a
+	repository that is group-readable but not group-writable.
+	See linkgit:git-init[1]. False by default.
 
 core.warnAmbiguousRefs::
 	If true, git will warn you if the ref name you passed it is ambiguous
 	and might match multiple refs in the .git/refs/ tree. True by default.
 
 core.compression::
+	An integer -1..9, indicating a default compression level.
+	-1 is the zlib default. 0 means no compression,
+	and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being slowest.
+	If set, this provides a default to other compression variables,
+	such as 'core.loosecompression' and 'pack.compression'.
+
+core.loosecompression::
 	An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects that
-	are not in a pack file. -1 is the zlib and git default. 0 means no
+	are not in a pack file. -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no
 	compression, and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being
-	slowest.
-
-core.legacyheaders::
-	A boolean which
-	changes the format of loose objects so that they are more
-	efficient to pack and to send out of the repository over git
-	native protocol, since v1.4.2.  However, loose objects
-	written in the new format cannot be read by git older than
-	that version; people fetching from your repository using
-	older versions of git over dumb transports (e.g. http)
-	will also be affected.
-+
-To let git use the new loose object format, you have to
-set core.legacyheaders to false.
+	slowest.  If not set,  defaults to core.compression.  If that is
+	not set,  defaults to 1 (best speed).
 
 core.packedGitWindowSize::
 	Number of bytes of a pack file to map into memory in a
@@ -253,47 +361,190 @@ You probably do not need to adjust this value.
 +
 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 
+core.excludesfile::
+	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
+	'.git/info/exclude', git looks into this file for patterns
+	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  See
+	linkgit:gitignore[5].
+
+core.editor::
+	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
+	messages by launching an editor uses the value of this
+	variable when it is set, and the environment variable
+	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  The order of preference is
+	`GIT_EDITOR` environment, `core.editor`, `VISUAL` and
+	`EDITOR` environment variables and then finally `vi`.
+
+core.pager::
+	The command that git will use to paginate output.  Can
+	be overridden with the `GIT_PAGER` environment
+	variable.  Note that git sets the `LESS` environment
+	variable to `FRSX` if it is unset when it runs the
+	pager.  One can change these settings by setting the
+	`LESS` variable to some other value.  Alternately,
+	these settings can be overridden on a project or
+	global basis by setting the `core.pager` option.
+	Setting `core.pager` has no affect on the `LESS`
+	environment variable behaviour above, so if you want
+	to override git's default settings this way, you need
+	to be explicit.  For example, to disable the S option
+	in a backward compatible manner, set `core.pager`
+	to `less -+$LESS -FRX`.  This will be passed to the
+	shell by git, which will translate the final command to
+	`LESS=FRSX less -+FRSX -FRX`.
+
+core.whitespace::
+	A comma separated list of common whitespace problems to
+	notice.  'git-diff' will use `color.diff.whitespace` to
+	highlight them, and 'git-apply --whitespace=error' will
+	consider them as errors.  You can prefix `-` to disable
+	any of them (e.g. `-trailing-space`):
++
+* `trailing-space` treats trailing whitespaces at the end of the line
+  as an error (enabled by default).
+* `space-before-tab` treats a space character that appears immediately
+  before a tab character in the initial indent part of the line as an
+  error (enabled by default).
+* `indent-with-non-tab` treats a line that is indented with 8 or more
+  space characters as an error (not enabled by default).
+* `cr-at-eol` treats a carriage-return at the end of line as
+  part of the line terminator, i.e. with it, `trailing-space`
+  does not trigger if the character before such a carriage-return
+  is not a whitespace (not enabled by default).
+
+core.fsyncobjectfiles::
+	This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files.
++
+This is a total waste of time and effort on a filesystem that orders
+data writes properly, but can be useful for filesystems that do not use
+journalling (traditional UNIX filesystems) or that only journal metadata
+and not file contents (OS X's HFS+, or Linux ext3 with "data=writeback").
+
+core.preloadindex::
+	Enable parallel index preload for operations like 'git diff'
++
+This can speed up operations like 'git diff' and 'git status' especially
+on filesystems like NFS that have weak caching semantics and thus
+relatively high IO latencies.  With this set to 'true', git will do the
+index comparison to the filesystem data in parallel, allowing
+overlapping IO's.
+
+core.createObject::
+	You can set this to 'link', in which case a hardlink followed by
+	a delete of the source are used to make sure that object creation
+	will not overwrite existing objects.
++
+On some file system/operating system combinations, this is unreliable.
+Set this config setting to 'rename' there; However, This will remove the
+check that makes sure that existing object files will not get overwritten.
+
+add.ignore-errors::
+	Tells 'git-add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
+	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
+	option of linkgit:git-add[1].
+
 alias.*::
-	Command aliases for the gitlink:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
+	Command aliases for the linkgit:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
 	after defining "alias.last = cat-file commit HEAD", the invocation
 	"git last" is equivalent to "git cat-file commit HEAD". To avoid
 	confusion and troubles with script usage, aliases that
 	hide existing git commands are ignored. Arguments are split by
 	spaces, the usual shell quoting and escaping is supported.
 	quote pair and a backslash can be used to quote them.
-
-	If the alias expansion is prefixed with an exclamation point,
-	it will be treated as a shell command.  For example, defining
-	"alias.new = !gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD", the invocation
-	"git new" is equivalent to running the shell command
-	"gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".
++
+If the alias expansion is prefixed with an exclamation point,
+it will be treated as a shell command.  For example, defining
+"alias.new = !gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD", the invocation
+"git new" is equivalent to running the shell command
+"gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".  Note that shell commands will be
+executed from the top-level directory of a repository, which may
+not necessarily be the current directory.
 
 apply.whitespace::
-	Tells `git-apply` how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
-	as the '--whitespace' option. See gitlink:git-apply[1].
+	Tells 'git-apply' how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
+	as the '--whitespace' option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
+
+branch.autosetupmerge::
+	Tells 'git-branch' and 'git-checkout' to setup new branches
+	so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from the
+	starting point branch. Note that even if this option is not set,
+	this behavior can be chosen per-branch using the `--track`
+	and `--no-track` options. The valid settings are: `false` -- no
+	automatic setup is done; `true` -- automatic setup is done when the
+	starting point is a remote branch; `always` -- automatic setup is
+	done when the starting point is either a local branch or remote
+	branch. This option defaults to true.
+
+branch.autosetuprebase::
+	When a new branch is created with 'git-branch' or 'git-checkout'
+	that tracks another branch, this variable tells git to set
+	up pull to rebase instead of merge (see "branch.<name>.rebase").
+	When `never`, rebase is never automatically set to true.
+	When `local`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
+	other local branches.
+	When `remote`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
+	remote branches.
+	When `always`, rebase will be set to true for all tracking
+	branches.
+	See "branch.autosetupmerge" for details on how to set up a
+	branch to track another branch.
+	This option defaults to never.
 
 branch.<name>.remote::
-	When in branch <name>, it tells `git fetch` which remote to fetch.
-	If this option is not given, `git fetch` defaults to remote "origin".
+	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' and 'git-push' which
+	remote to fetch from/push to.  It defaults to `origin` if no remote is
+	configured. `origin` is also used if you are not on any branch.
 
 branch.<name>.merge::
-	When in branch <name>, it tells `git fetch` the default refspec to
-	be marked for merging in FETCH_HEAD. The value has exactly to match
-	a remote part of one of the refspecs which are fetched from the remote
-	given by "branch.<name>.remote".
-	The merge information is used by `git pull` (which at first calls
-	`git fetch`) to lookup the default branch for merging. Without
-	this option, `git pull` defaults to merge the first refspec fetched.
+	Defines, together with branch.<name>.remote, the upstream branch
+	for the given branch. It tells 'git-fetch'/'git-pull' which
+	branch to merge and can also affect 'git-push' (see push.default).
+	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' the default
+	refspec to be marked for merging in FETCH_HEAD. The value is
+	handled like the remote part of a refspec, and must match a
+	ref which is fetched from the remote given by
+	"branch.<name>.remote".
+	The merge information is used by 'git-pull' (which at first calls
+	'git-fetch') to lookup the default branch for merging. Without
+	this option, 'git-pull' defaults to merge the first refspec fetched.
 	Specify multiple values to get an octopus merge.
-	If you wish to setup `git pull` so that it merges into <name> from
+	If you wish to setup 'git-pull' so that it merges into <name> from
 	another branch in the local repository, you can point
 	branch.<name>.merge to the desired branch, and use the special setting
 	`.` (a period) for branch.<name>.remote.
 
+branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
+	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
+	supported options are equal to that of linkgit:git-merge[1], but
+	option values containing whitespace characters are currently not
+	supported.
+
+branch.<name>.rebase::
+	When true, rebase the branch <name> on top of the fetched branch,
+	instead of merging the default branch from the default remote when
+	"git pull" is run.
+	*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
+	it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
+	for details).
+
+browser.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified browser. The
+	specified command is evaluated in shell with the URLs passed
+	as arguments. (See linkgit:git-web--browse[1].)
+
+browser.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
+	browse HTML help (see '-w' option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
+	working repository in gitweb (see linkgit:git-instaweb[1]).
+
+clean.requireForce::
+	A boolean to make git-clean do nothing unless given -f
+	or -n.   Defaults to true.
+
 color.branch::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
-	gitlink:git-branch[1]. May be set to `true` (or `always`),
-	`false` (or `never`) or `auto`, in which case colors are used
+	linkgit:git-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
+	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
 	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
 
 color.branch.<slot>::
@@ -311,27 +562,65 @@ second is the background.  The position of the attribute, if any,
 doesn't matter.
 
 color.diff::
-	When true (or `always`), always use colors in patch.
-	When false (or `never`), never.  When set to `auto`, use
-	colors only when the output is to the terminal.
+	When set to `always`, always use colors in patch.
+	When false (or `never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use
+	colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false.
 
 color.diff.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for diff colorization.  `<slot>` specifies
 	which part of the patch to use the specified color, and is one
 	of `plain` (context text), `meta` (metainformation), `frag`
 	(hunk header), `old` (removed lines), `new` (added lines),
-	`commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace` (highlighting dubious
-	whitespace).  The values of these variables may be specified as
+	`commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace` (highlighting
+	whitespace errors). The values of these variables may be specified as
+	in color.branch.<slot>.
+
+color.grep::
+	When set to `always`, always highlight matches.  When `false` (or
+	`never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use color only
+	when the output is written to the terminal.  Defaults to `false`.
+
+color.grep.external::
+	The string value of this variable is passed to an external 'grep'
+	command as a command line option if match highlighting is turned
+	on.  If set to an empty string, no option is passed at all,
+	turning off coloring for external 'grep' calls; this is the default.
+	For GNU grep, set it to `--color=always` to highlight matches even
+	when a pager is used.
+
+color.grep.match::
+	Use customized color for matches.  The value of this variable
+	may be specified as in color.branch.<slot>.  It is passed using
+	the environment variables 'GREP_COLOR' and 'GREP_COLORS' when
+	calling an external 'grep'.
+
+color.interactive::
+	When set to `always`, always use colors for interactive prompts
+	and displays (such as those used by "git-add --interactive").
+	When false (or `never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use
+	colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false.
+
+color.interactive.<slot>::
+	Use customized color for 'git-add --interactive'
+	output. `<slot>` may be `prompt`, `header`, `help` or `error`, for
+	four distinct types of normal output from interactive
+	programs.  The values of these variables may be specified as
 	in color.branch.<slot>.
 
 color.pager::
 	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
 	use (default is true).
 
+color.showbranch::
+	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
+	linkgit:git-show-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
+	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
+	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
+
 color.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
-	gitlink:git-status[1]. May be set to `true` (or `always`),
-	`false` (or `never`) or `auto`, in which case colors are used
+	linkgit:git-status[1]. May be set to `always`,
+	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
 	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
 
 color.status.<slot>::
@@ -339,18 +628,96 @@ color.status.<slot>::
 	one of `header` (the header text of the status message),
 	`added` or `updated` (files which are added but not committed),
 	`changed` (files which are changed but not added in the index),
-	or `untracked` (files which are not tracked by git). The values of
-	these variables may be specified as in color.branch.<slot>.
+	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by git), or
+	`nobranch` (the color the 'no branch' warning is shown in, defaulting
+	to red). The values of these variables may be specified as in
+	color.branch.<slot>.
+
+color.ui::
+	When set to `always`, always use colors in all git commands which
+	are capable of colored output. When false (or `never`), never. When
+	set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is to the
+	terminal. When more specific variables of color.* are set, they always
+	take precedence over this setting. Defaults to false.
+
+commit.template::
+	Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
+
+diff.autorefreshindex::
+	When using 'git-diff' to compare with work tree
+	files, do not consider stat-only change as changed.
+	Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to
+	update the cached stat information for paths whose
+	contents in the work tree match the contents in the
+	index.  This option defaults to true.  Note that this
+	affects only 'git-diff' Porcelain, and not lower level
+	'diff' commands, such as 'git-diff-files'.
+
+diff.external::
+	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
+	performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
+	given command.  Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'
+	environment variable.  The command is called with parameters
+	as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1].  Note: if
+	you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of
+	your files, you	might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead.
+
+diff.mnemonicprefix::
+	If set, 'git-diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
+	standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared.  When
+	this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps
+	the order of the prefixes:
+'git-diff';;
+	compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree;
+'git-diff HEAD';;
+	 compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree;
+'git diff --cached';;
+	compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex;
+'git-diff HEAD:file1 file2';;
+	compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity;
+'git diff --no-index a b';;
+	compares two non-git things (1) and (2).
 
 diff.renameLimit::
 	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
-	detection; equivalent to the git diff option '-l'.
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git-diff' option '-l'.
 
 diff.renames::
 	Tells git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
 	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
 	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
 
+diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
+	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
+	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
+
+diff.tool::
+	Controls which diff tool is used.  `diff.tool` overrides
+	`merge.tool` when used by linkgit:git-difftool[1] and has
+	the same valid values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge"
+	and plus "kompare".
+
+difftool.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
+	your tool is not in the PATH.
+
+difftool.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified diff tool.
+	The specified command is evaluated in shell with the following
+	variables available:  'LOCAL' is set to the name of the temporary
+	file containing the contents of the diff pre-image and 'REMOTE'
+	is set to the name of the temporary file containing the contents
+	of the diff post-image.
+
+difftool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+
+diff.wordRegex::
+	A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
+	when performing word-by-word difference calculations.  Character
+	sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
+	characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
+
 fetch.unpackLimit::
 	If the number of objects fetched over the git native
 	transfer is below this
@@ -359,54 +726,309 @@ fetch.unpackLimit::
 	exceeds this limit then the received pack will be stored as
 	a pack, after adding any missing delta bases.  Storing the
 	pack from a push can make the push operation complete faster,
-	especially on slow filesystems.
+	especially on slow filesystems.  If not set, the value of
+	`transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
+
+format.attach::
+	Enable multipart/mixed attachments as the default for
+	'format-patch'.  The value can also be a double quoted string
+	which will enable attachments as the default and set the
+	value as the boundary.  See the --attach option in
+	linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
+
+format.numbered::
+	A boolean which can enable or disable sequence numbers in patch
+	subjects.  It defaults to "auto" which enables it only if there
+	is more than one patch.  It can be enabled or disabled for all
+	messages by setting it to "true" or "false".  See --numbered
+	option in linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
 
 format.headers::
 	Additional email headers to include in a patch to be submitted
-	by mail.  See gitlink:git-format-patch[1].
+	by mail.  See linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
+
+format.cc::
+	Additional "Cc:" headers to include in a patch to be submitted
+	by mail.  See the --cc option in linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
+
+format.subjectprefix::
+	The default for format-patch is to output files with the '[PATCH]'
+	subject prefix. Use this variable to change that prefix.
 
 format.suffix::
 	The default for format-patch is to output files with the suffix
 	`.patch`. Use this variable to change that suffix (make sure to
 	include the dot if you want it).
 
+format.pretty::
+	The default pretty format for log/show/whatchanged command,
+	See linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1],
+	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1].
+
+format.thread::
+	The default threading style for 'git-format-patch'.  Can be
+	either a boolean value, `shallow` or `deep`.  `shallow`
+	threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the series,
+	where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
+	`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.
+	`deep` threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
+	A true boolean value is the same as `shallow`, and a false
+	value disables threading.
+
+format.signoff::
+    A boolean value which lets you enable the `-s/--signoff` option of
+    format-patch by default. *Note:* Adding the Signed-off-by: line to a
+    patch should be a conscious act and means that you certify you have
+    the rights to submit this work under the same open source license.
+    Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion.
+
+gc.aggressiveWindow::
+	The window size parameter used in the delta compression
+	algorithm used by 'git-gc --aggressive'.  This defaults
+	to 10.
+
+gc.auto::
+	When there are approximately more than this many loose
+	objects in the repository, `git gc --auto` will pack them.
+	Some Porcelain commands use this command to perform a
+	light-weight garbage collection from time to time.  The
+	default value is 6700.  Setting this to 0 disables it.
+
+gc.autopacklimit::
+	When there are more than this many packs that are not
+	marked with `*.keep` file in the repository, `git gc
+	--auto` consolidates them into one larger pack.  The
+	default	value is 50.  Setting this to 0 disables it.
+
 gc.packrefs::
-	`git gc` does not run `git pack-refs` in a bare repository by
+	'git-gc' does not run `git pack-refs` in a bare repository by
 	default so that older dumb-transport clients can still fetch
-	from the repository.  Setting this to `true` lets `git
-	gc` to run `git pack-refs`.  Setting this to `false` tells
-	`git gc` never to run `git pack-refs`. The default setting is
+	from the repository.  Setting this to `true` lets 'git-gc'
+	to run `git pack-refs`.  Setting this to `false` tells
+	'git-gc' never to run `git pack-refs`. The default setting is
 	`notbare`. Enable it only when you know you do not have to
 	support such clients.  The default setting will change to `true`
 	at some stage, and setting this to `false` will continue to
-	prevent `git pack-refs` from being run from `git gc`.
+	prevent `git pack-refs` from being run from 'git-gc'.
+
+gc.pruneexpire::
+	When 'git-gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'.
+	Override the grace period with this config variable.  The value
+	"now" may be used to disable this  grace period and always prune
+	unreachable objects immediately.
 
 gc.reflogexpire::
-	`git reflog expire` removes reflog entries older than
+	'git-reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
 	this time; defaults to 90 days.
 
 gc.reflogexpireunreachable::
-	`git reflog expire` removes reflog entries older than
+	'git-reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
 	this time and are not reachable from the current tip;
 	defaults to 30 days.
 
 gc.rerereresolved::
 	Records of conflicted merge you resolved earlier are
-	kept for this many days when `git rerere gc` is run.
-	The default is 60 days.  See gitlink:git-rerere[1].
+	kept for this many days when 'git-rerere gc' is run.
+	The default is 60 days.  See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
 
 gc.rerereunresolved::
 	Records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
-	kept for this many days when `git rerere gc` is run.
-	The default is 15 days.  See gitlink:git-rerere[1].
+	kept for this many days when 'git-rerere gc' is run.
+	The default is 15 days.  See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
+
+gitcvs.commitmsgannotation::
+	Append this string to each commit message. Set to empty string
+	to disable this feature. Defaults to "via git-CVS emulator".
 
 gitcvs.enabled::
-	Whether the cvs pserver interface is enabled for this repository.
-	See gitlink:git-cvsserver[1].
+	Whether the CVS server interface is enabled for this repository.
+	See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
 
 gitcvs.logfile::
-	Path to a log file where the cvs pserver interface well... logs
-	various stuff. See gitlink:git-cvsserver[1].
+	Path to a log file where the CVS server interface well... logs
+	various stuff. See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
+
+gitcvs.usecrlfattr::
+	If true, the server will look up the `crlf` attribute for
+	files to determine the '-k' modes to use. If `crlf` is set,
+	the '-k' mode will be left blank, so cvs clients will
+	treat it as text. If `crlf` is explicitly unset, the file
+	will be set with '-kb' mode, which suppresses any newline munging
+	the client might otherwise do. If `crlf` is not specified,
+	then 'gitcvs.allbinary' is used. See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
+
+gitcvs.allbinary::
+	This is used if 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' does not resolve
+	the correct '-kb' mode to use. If true, all
+	unresolved files are sent to the client in
+	mode '-kb'. This causes the client to treat them
+	as binary files, which suppresses any newline munging it
+	otherwise might do. Alternatively, if it is set to "guess",
+	then the contents of the file are examined to decide if
+	it is binary, similar to 'core.autocrlf'.
+
+gitcvs.dbname::
+	Database used by git-cvsserver to cache revision information
+	derived from the git repository. The exact meaning depends on the
+	used database driver, for SQLite (which is the default driver) this
+	is a filename. Supports variable substitution (see
+	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). May not contain semicolons (`;`).
+	Default: '%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite'
+
+gitcvs.dbdriver::
+	Used Perl DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
+        for this here, but it might not work. git-cvsserver is tested
+	with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with 'DBD::Pg', and
+	reported *not* to work with 'DBD::mysql'. Experimental feature.
+	May not contain double colons (`:`). Default: 'SQLite'.
+	See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
+
+gitcvs.dbuser, gitcvs.dbpass::
+	Database user and password. Only useful if setting 'gitcvs.dbdriver',
+	since SQLite has no concept of database users and/or passwords.
+	'gitcvs.dbuser' supports variable substitution (see
+	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).
+
+gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
+	Database table name prefix.  Prepended to the names of any
+	database tables used, allowing a single database to be used
+	for several repositories.  Supports variable substitution (see
+	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).  Any non-alphabetic
+	characters will be replaced with underscores.
+
+All gitcvs variables except for 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' and
+'gitcvs.allbinary' can also be specified as
+'gitcvs.<access_method>.<varname>' (where 'access_method'
+is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given
+access method.
+
+gui.commitmsgwidth::
+	Defines how wide the commit message window is in the
+	linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default.
+
+gui.diffcontext::
+	Specifies how many context lines should be used in calls to diff
+	made by the linkgit:git-gui[1]. The default is "5".
+
+gui.encoding::
+	Specifies the default encoding to use for displaying of
+	file contents in linkgit:git-gui[1] and linkgit:gitk[1].
+	It can be overridden by setting the 'encoding' attribute
+	for relevant files (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+	If this option is not set, the tools default to the
+	locale encoding.
+
+gui.matchtrackingbranch::
+	Determines if new branches created with linkgit:git-gui[1] should
+	default to tracking remote branches with matching names or
+	not. Default: "false".
+
+gui.newbranchtemplate::
+	Is used as suggested name when creating new branches using the
+	linkgit:git-gui[1].
+
+gui.pruneduringfetch::
+	"true" if linkgit:git-gui[1] should prune tracking branches when
+	performing a fetch. The default value is "false".
+
+gui.trustmtime::
+	Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] should trust the file modification
+	timestamp or not. By default the timestamps are not trusted.
+
+gui.spellingdictionary::
+	Specifies the dictionary used for spell checking commit messages in
+	the linkgit:git-gui[1]. When set to "none" spell checking is turned
+	off.
+
+gui.fastcopyblame::
+	If true, 'git gui blame' uses '-C' instead of '-C -C' for original
+	location detection. It makes blame significantly faster on huge
+	repositories at the expense of less thorough copy detection.
+
+gui.copyblamethreshold::
+	Specifies the threshold to use in 'git gui blame' original location
+	detection, measured in alphanumeric characters. See the
+	linkgit:git-blame[1] manual for more information on copy detection.
+
+gui.blamehistoryctx::
+	Specifies the radius of history context in days to show in
+	linkgit:gitk[1] for the selected commit, when the `Show History
+	Context` menu item is invoked from 'git gui blame'. If this
+	variable is set to zero, the whole history is shown.
+
+guitool.<name>.cmd::
+	Specifies the shell command line to execute when the corresponding item
+	of the linkgit:git-gui[1] `Tools` menu is invoked. This option is
+	mandatory for every tool. The command is executed from the root of
+	the working directory, and in the environment it receives the name of
+	the tool as 'GIT_GUITOOL', the name of the currently selected file as
+	'FILENAME', and the name of the current branch as 'CUR_BRANCH' (if
+	the head is detached, 'CUR_BRANCH' is empty).
+
+guitool.<name>.needsfile::
+	Run the tool only if a diff is selected in the GUI. It guarantees
+	that 'FILENAME' is not empty.
+
+guitool.<name>.noconsole::
+	Run the command silently, without creating a window to display its
+	output.
+
+guitool.<name>.norescan::
+	Don't rescan the working directory for changes after the tool
+	finishes execution.
+
+guitool.<name>.confirm::
+	Show a confirmation dialog before actually running the tool.
+
+guitool.<name>.argprompt::
+	Request a string argument from the user, and pass it to the tool
+	through the 'ARGS' environment variable. Since requesting an
+	argument implies confirmation, the 'confirm' option has no effect
+	if this is enabled. If the option is set to 'true', 'yes', or '1',
+	the dialog uses a built-in generic prompt; otherwise the exact
+	value of the variable is used.
+
+guitool.<name>.revprompt::
+	Request a single valid revision from the user, and set the
+	'REVISION' environment variable. In other aspects this option
+	is similar to 'argprompt', and can be used together with it.
+
+guitool.<name>.revunmerged::
+	Show only unmerged branches in the 'revprompt' subdialog.
+	This is useful for tools similar to merge or rebase, but not
+	for things like checkout or reset.
+
+guitool.<name>.title::
+	Specifies the title to use for the prompt dialog. The default
+	is the tool name.
+
+guitool.<name>.prompt::
+	Specifies the general prompt string to display at the top of
+	the dialog, before subsections for 'argprompt' and 'revprompt'.
+	The default value includes the actual command.
+
+help.browser::
+	Specify the browser that will be used to display help in the
+	'web' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
+
+help.format::
+	Override the default help format used by linkgit:git-help[1].
+	Values 'man', 'info', 'web' and 'html' are supported. 'man' is
+	the default. 'web' and 'html' are the same.
+
+help.autocorrect::
+	Automatically correct and execute mistyped commands after
+	waiting for the given number of deciseconds (0.1 sec). If more
+	than one command can be deduced from the entered text, nothing
+	will be executed.  If the value of this option is negative,
+	the corrected command will be executed immediately. If the
+	value is 0 - the command will be just shown but not executed.
+	This is the default.
+
+http.proxy::
+	Override the HTTP proxy, normally configured using the 'http_proxy'
+	environment variable (see linkgit:curl[1]).  This can be overridden
+	on a per-remote basis; see remote.<name>.proxy
 
 http.sslVerify::
 	Whether to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
@@ -423,6 +1045,12 @@ http.sslKey::
 	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_KEY' environment
 	variable.
 
+http.sslCertPasswordProtected::
+	Enable git's password prompt for the SSL certificate.  Otherwise
+	OpenSSL will prompt the user, possibly many times, if the
+	certificate or private key is encrypted.  Can be overridden by the
+	'GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED' environment variable.
+
 http.sslCAInfo::
 	File containing the certificates to verify the peer with when
 	fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the
@@ -445,7 +1073,7 @@ http.lowSpeedLimit, http.lowSpeedTime::
 
 http.noEPSV::
 	A boolean which disables using of EPSV ftp command by curl.
-	This can helpful with some "poor" ftp servers which doesn't
+	This can helpful with some "poor" ftp servers which don't
 	support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV'
 	environment variable. Default is false (curl will use EPSV).
 
@@ -454,38 +1082,188 @@ i18n.commitEncoding::
 	does not care per se, but this information is necessary e.g. when
 	importing commits from emails or in the gitk graphical history
 	browser (and possibly at other places in the future or in other
-	porcelains). See e.g. gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]. Defaults to 'utf-8'.
+	porcelains). See e.g. linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]. Defaults to 'utf-8'.
 
 i18n.logOutputEncoding::
 	Character encoding the commit messages are converted to when
-	running `git-log` and friends.
+	running 'git-log' and friends.
+
+imap::
+	The configuration variables in the 'imap' section are described
+	in linkgit:git-imap-send[1].
+
+instaweb.browser::
+	Specify the program that will be used to browse your working
+	repository in gitweb. See linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
+
+instaweb.httpd::
+	The HTTP daemon command-line to start gitweb on your working
+	repository. See linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
+
+instaweb.local::
+	If true the web server started by linkgit:git-instaweb[1] will
+	be bound to the local IP (127.0.0.1).
+
+instaweb.modulepath::
+	The module path for an apache httpd used by linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
+
+instaweb.port::
+	The port number to bind the gitweb httpd to. See
+	linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
+
+interactive.singlekey::
+	In interactive programs, allow the user to provide one-letter
+	input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
+	Currently this is used only by the `\--patch` mode of
+	linkgit:git-add[1].  Note that this setting is silently
+	ignored if portable keystroke input is not available.
+
+log.date::
+	Set default date-time mode for the log command. Setting log.date
+	value is similar to using 'git-log'\'s --date option. The value is one of the
+	following alternatives: {relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}.
+	See linkgit:git-log[1].
 
 log.showroot::
 	If true, the initial commit will be shown as a big creation event.
 	This is equivalent to a diff against an empty tree.
-	Tools like gitlink:git-log[1] or gitlink:git-whatchanged[1], which
+	Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
 	normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
 
-merge.summary::
-	Whether to include summaries of merged commits in newly created
-	merge commit messages. False by default.
-
-merge.tool::
-	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
-	gitlink:git-mergetool[l].  Valid values are: "kdiff3", "tkdiff",
-	"meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff"
-
-merge.verbosity::
-	Controls the amount of output shown by the recursive merge
-	strategy.  Level 0 outputs nothing except a final error
-	message if conflicts were detected. Level 1 outputs only
-	conflicts, 2 outputs conflicts and file changes.  Level 5 and
-	above outputs debugging information.  The default is level 2.
+mailmap.file::
+	The location of an augmenting mailmap file. The default
+	mailmap, located in the root of the repository, is loaded
+	first, then the mailmap file pointed to by this variable.
+	The location of the mailmap file may be in a repository
+	subdirectory, or somewhere outside of the repository itself.
+	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1].
+
+man.viewer::
+	Specify the programs that may be used to display help in the
+	'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
+
+man.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified man viewer. The
+	specified command is evaluated in shell with the man page
+	passed as argument. (See linkgit:git-help[1].)
+
+man.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
+	display help in the 'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
+
+include::merge-config.txt[]
+
+mergetool.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
+	your tool is not in the PATH.
+
+mergetool.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified merge tool.  The
+	specified command is evaluated in shell with the following
+	variables available: 'BASE' is the name of a temporary file
+	containing the common base of the files to be merged, if available;
+	'LOCAL' is the name of a temporary file containing the contents of
+	the file on the current branch; 'REMOTE' is the name of a temporary
+	file containing the contents of the file from the branch being
+	merged; 'MERGED' contains the name of the file to which the merge
+	tool should write the results of a successful merge.
+
+mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode::
+	For a custom merge command, specify whether the exit code of
+	the merge command can be used to determine whether the merge was
+	successful.  If this is not set to true then the merge target file
+	timestamp is checked and the merge assumed to have been successful
+	if the file has been updated, otherwise the user is prompted to
+	indicate the success of the merge.
+
+mergetool.keepBackup::
+	After performing a merge, the original file with conflict markers
+	can be saved as a file with a `.orig` extension.  If this variable
+	is set to `false` then this file is not preserved.  Defaults to
+	`true` (i.e. keep the backup files).
+
+mergetool.keepTemporaries::
+	When invoking a custom merge tool, git uses a set of temporary
+	files to pass to the tool. If the tool returns an error and this
+	variable is set to `true`, then these temporary files will be
+	preserved, otherwise they will be removed after the tool has
+	exited. Defaults to `false`.
+
+mergetool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
 
 pack.window::
-	The size of the window used by gitlink:git-pack-objects[1] when no
+	The size of the window used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
 	window size is given on the command line. Defaults to 10.
 
+pack.depth::
+	The maximum delta depth used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
+	maximum depth is given on the command line. Defaults to 50.
+
+pack.windowMemory::
+	The window memory size limit used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
+	when no limit is given on the command line.  The value can be
+	suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".  Defaults to 0, meaning no
+	limit.
+
+pack.compression::
+	An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects
+	in a pack file. -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no
+	compression, and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being
+	slowest.  If not set,  defaults to core.compression.  If that is
+	not set,  defaults to -1, the zlib default, which is "a default
+	compromise between speed and compression (currently equivalent
+	to level 6)."
+
+pack.deltaCacheSize::
+	The maximum memory in bytes used for caching deltas in
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
+	A value of 0 means no limit. Defaults to 0.
+
+pack.deltaCacheLimit::
+	The maximum size of a delta, that is cached in
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]. Defaults to 1000.
+
+pack.threads::
+	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
+	delta matches.  This requires that linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
+	be compiled with pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a
+	warning. This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor
+	machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search window
+	is however multiplied by the number of threads.
+	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	and set the number of threads accordingly.
+
+pack.indexVersion::
+	Specify the default pack index version.  Valid values are 1 for
+	legacy pack index used by Git versions prior to 1.5.2, and 2 for
+	the new pack index with capabilities for packs larger than 4 GB
+	as well as proper protection against the repacking of corrupted
+	packs.  Version 2 is the default.  Note that version 2 is enforced
+	and this config option ignored whenever the corresponding pack is
+	larger than 2 GB.
++
+If you have an old git that does not understand the version 2 `{asterisk}.idx` file,
+cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http" and "rsync")
+that will copy both `{asterisk}.pack` file and corresponding `{asterisk}.idx` file from the
+other side may give you a repository that cannot be accessed with your
+older version of git. If the `{asterisk}.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
+you can use linkgit:git-index-pack[1] on the *.pack file to regenerate
+the `{asterisk}.idx` file.
+
+pack.packSizeLimit::
+	The default maximum size of a pack.  This setting only affects
+	packing to a file, i.e. the git:// protocol is unaffected.  It
+	can be overridden by the `\--max-pack-size` option of
+	linkgit:git-repack[1].
+
+pager.<cmd>::
+	Allows turning on or off pagination of the output of a
+	particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.  If
+	`\--paginate` or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line,
+	it takes precedence over this option.  To disable pagination for
+	all commands, set `core.pager` or `GIT_PAGER` to `cat`.
+
 pull.octopus::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling multiple branches
 	at once.
@@ -493,103 +1271,236 @@ pull.octopus::
 pull.twohead::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling a single branch.
 
+push.default::
+	Defines the action git push should take if no refspec is given
+	on the command line, no refspec is configured in the remote, and
+	no refspec is implied by any of the options given on the command
+	line. Possible values are:
++
+* `nothing` do not push anything.
+* `matching` push all matching branches.
+  All branches having the same name in both ends are considered to be
+  matching. This is the default.
+* `tracking` push the current branch to its upstream branch.
+* `current` push the current branch to a branch of the same name.
+
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
+receive.fsckObjects::
+	If it is set to true, git-receive-pack will check all received
+	objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a
+	broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects.
+	Defaults to false.
+
+receive.unpackLimit::
+	If the number of objects received in a push is below this
+	limit then the objects will be unpacked into loose object
+	files. However if the number of received objects equals or
+	exceeds this limit then the received pack will be stored as
+	a pack, after adding any missing delta bases.  Storing the
+	pack from a push can make the push operation complete faster,
+	especially on slow filesystems.  If not set, the value of
+	`transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
+
+receive.denyDeletes::
+	If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update that deletes
+	the ref. Use this to prevent such a ref deletion via a push.
+
+receive.denyCurrentBranch::
+	If set to true or "refuse", receive-pack will deny a ref update
+	to the currently checked out branch of a non-bare repository.
+	Such a push is potentially dangerous because it brings the HEAD
+	out of sync with the index and working tree. If set to "warn",
+	print a warning of such a push to stderr, but allow the push to
+	proceed. If set to false or "ignore", allow such pushes with no
+	message. Defaults to "warn".
+
+receive.denyNonFastForwards::
+	If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update which is
+	not a fast forward. Use this to prevent such an update via a push,
+	even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
+	set when initializing a shared repository.
+
 remote.<name>.url::
-	The URL of a remote repository.  See gitlink:git-fetch[1] or
-	gitlink:git-push[1].
+	The URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-fetch[1] or
+	linkgit:git-push[1].
+
+remote.<name>.pushurl::
+	The push URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-push[1].
+
+remote.<name>.proxy::
+	For remotes that require curl (http, https and ftp), the URL to
+	the proxy to use for that remote.  Set to the empty string to
+	disable proxying for that remote.
 
 remote.<name>.fetch::
-	The default set of "refspec" for gitlink:git-fetch[1]. See
-	gitlink:git-fetch[1].
+	The default set of "refspec" for linkgit:git-fetch[1]. See
+	linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 remote.<name>.push::
-	The default set of "refspec" for gitlink:git-push[1]. See
-	gitlink:git-push[1].
+	The default set of "refspec" for linkgit:git-push[1]. See
+	linkgit:git-push[1].
+
+remote.<name>.mirror::
+	If true, pushing to this remote will automatically behave
+	as if the `\--mirror` option was given on the command line.
 
 remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate::
 	If true, this remote will be skipped by default when updating
-	using the remote subcommand of gitlink:git-remote[1].
+	using the update subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1].
 
 remote.<name>.receivepack::
 	The default program to execute on the remote side when pushing.  See
-	option \--exec of gitlink:git-push[1].
+	option \--receive-pack of linkgit:git-push[1].
 
 remote.<name>.uploadpack::
 	The default program to execute on the remote side when fetching.  See
-	option \--exec of gitlink:git-fetch-pack[1].
+	option \--upload-pack of linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
 
 remote.<name>.tagopt::
-	Setting this value to --no-tags disables automatic tag following when fetching
-	from remote <name>
+	Setting this value to \--no-tags disables automatic tag following when
+	fetching from remote <name>
 
 remotes.<group>::
 	The list of remotes which are fetched by "git remote update
-	<group>".  See gitlink:git-remote[1].
+	<group>".  See linkgit:git-remote[1].
 
 repack.usedeltabaseoffset::
-	Allow gitlink:git-repack[1] to create packs that uses
-	delta-base offset.  Defaults to false.
-
-show.difftree::
-	The default gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] arguments to be used
-	for gitlink:git-show[1].
+	By default, linkgit:git-repack[1] creates packs that use
+	delta-base offset. If you need to share your repository with
+	git older than version 1.4.4, either directly or via a dumb
+	protocol such as http, then you need to set this option to
+	"false" and repack. Access from old git versions over the
+	native protocol are unaffected by this option.
+
+rerere.autoupdate::
+	When set to true, `git-rerere` updates the index with the
+	resulting contents after it cleanly resolves conflicts using
+	previously recorded resolution.  Defaults to false.
+
+rerere.enabled::
+	Activate recording of resolved conflicts, so that identical
+	conflict hunks can be resolved automatically, should they
+	be encountered again.  linkgit:git-rerere[1] command is by
+	default enabled if you create `rr-cache` directory under
+	`$GIT_DIR`, but can be disabled by setting this option to false.
+
+sendemail.identity::
+	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
+	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
+	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
+	the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+
+sendemail.smtpencryption::
+	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
+	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
+
+sendemail.smtpssl::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpencryption = ssl'.
+
+sendemail.<identity>.*::
+	Identity-specific versions of the 'sendemail.*' parameters
+	found below, taking precedence over those when the this
+	identity is selected, through command-line or
+	'sendemail.identity'.
+
+sendemail.aliasesfile::
+sendemail.aliasfiletype::
+sendemail.bcc::
+sendemail.cc::
+sendemail.cccmd::
+sendemail.chainreplyto::
+sendemail.confirm::
+sendemail.envelopesender::
+sendemail.from::
+sendemail.multiedit::
+sendemail.signedoffbycc::
+sendemail.smtppass::
+sendemail.suppresscc::
+sendemail.suppressfrom::
+sendemail.to::
+sendemail.smtpserver::
+sendemail.smtpserverport::
+sendemail.smtpuser::
+sendemail.thread::
+sendemail.validate::
+	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.
+
+sendemail.signedoffcc::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.signedoffbycc'.
 
 showbranch.default::
-	The default set of branches for gitlink:git-show-branch[1].
-	See gitlink:git-show-branch[1].
+	The default set of branches for linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
+	See linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
+
+status.relativePaths::
+	By default, linkgit:git-status[1] shows paths relative to the
+	current directory. Setting this variable to `false` shows paths
+	relative to the repository root (this was the default for git
+	prior to v1.5.4).
+
+status.showUntrackedFiles::
+	By default, linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1] show
+	files which are not currently tracked by Git. Directories which
+	contain only untracked files, are shown with the directory name
+	only. Showing untracked files means that Git needs to lstat() all
+	all the files in the whole repository, which might be slow on some
+	systems. So, this variable controls how the commands displays
+	the untracked files. Possible values are:
++
+--
+	- 'no'     - Show no untracked files
+	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
+	- 'all'    - Shows also individual files in untracked directories.
+--
++
+If this variable is not specified, it defaults to 'normal'.
+This variable can be overridden with the -u|--untracked-files option
+of linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1].
 
 tar.umask::
-	By default, gitlink:git-tar-tree[1] sets file and directories modes
-	to 0666 or 0777. While this is both useful and acceptable for projects
-	such as the Linux Kernel, it might be excessive for other projects.
-	With this variable, it becomes possible to tell
-	gitlink:git-tar-tree[1] to apply a specific umask to the modes above.
-	The special value "user" indicates that the user's current umask will
-	be used. This should be enough for most projects, as it will lead to
-	the same permissions as gitlink:git-checkout[1] would use. The default
-	value remains 0, which means world read-write.
+	This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of
+	tar archive entries.  The default is 0002, which turns off the
+	world write bit.  The special value "user" indicates that the
+	archiving user's umask will be used instead.  See umask(2) and
+	linkgit:git-archive[1].
+
+transfer.unpackLimit::
+	When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
+	not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
+	The default value is 100.
+
+url.<base>.insteadOf::
+	Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to
+	start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a
+	large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple
+	access methods, and some users need to use different access
+	methods, this feature allows people to specify any of the
+	equivalent URLs and have git automatically rewrite the URL to
+	the best alternative for the particular user, even for a
+	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
+	insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
 
 user.email::
 	Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits.
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL' and 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'
-	environment variables.  See gitlink:git-commit-tree[1].
+	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL', 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL', and
+	'EMAIL' environment variables.  See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
 
 user.name::
 	Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits.
 	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME' and 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'
-	environment variables.  See gitlink:git-commit-tree[1].
+	environment variables.  See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
 
 user.signingkey::
-	If gitlink:git-tag[1] is not selecting the key you want it to
+	If linkgit:git-tag[1] is not selecting the key you want it to
 	automatically when creating a signed tag, you can override the
 	default selection with this variable.  This option is passed
 	unchanged to gpg's --local-user parameter, so you may specify a key
 	using any method that gpg supports.
 
-whatchanged.difftree::
-	The default gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] arguments to be used
-	for gitlink:git-whatchanged[1].
-
-imap::
-	The configuration variables in the 'imap' section are described
-	in gitlink:git-imap-send[1].
-
-receive.unpackLimit::
-	If the number of objects received in a push is below this
-	limit then the objects will be unpacked into loose object
-	files. However if the number of received objects equals or
-	exceeds this limit then the received pack will be stored as
-	a pack, after adding any missing delta bases.  Storing the
-	pack from a push can make the push operation complete faster,
-	especially on slow filesystems.
-
-receive.denyNonFastForwards::
-	If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update which is
-	not a fast forward. Use this to prevent such an update via a push,
-	even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
-	set when initializing a shared repository.
-
-transfer.unpackLimit::
-	When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
-	not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
-
-
+web.browser::
+	Specify a web browser that may be used by some commands.
+	Currently only linkgit:git-instaweb[1] and linkgit:git-help[1]
+	may use it.
diff --git a/Documentation/core-intro.txt b/Documentation/core-intro.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index eea44d9d56..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/core-intro.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,592 +0,0 @@
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-	GIT - the stupid content tracker
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-"git" can mean anything, depending on your mood.
-
- - random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not
-   actually used by any common UNIX command.  The fact that it is a
-   mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
- - stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the
-   dictionary of slang.
- - "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually
-   works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
- - "goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks
-
-This is a (not so) stupid but extremely fast directory content manager.
-It doesn't do a whole lot at its core, but what it 'does' do is track
-directory contents efficiently.
-
-There are two object abstractions: the "object database", and the
-"current directory cache" aka "index".
-
-The Object Database
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-The object database is literally just a content-addressable collection
-of objects.  All objects are named by their content, which is
-approximated by the SHA1 hash of the object itself.  Objects may refer
-to other objects (by referencing their SHA1 hash), and so you can
-build up a hierarchy of objects.
-
-All objects have a statically determined "type" aka "tag", which is
-determined at object creation time, and which identifies the format of
-the object (i.e. how it is used, and how it can refer to other
-objects).  There are currently four different object types: "blob",
-"tree", "commit" and "tag".
-
-A "blob" object cannot refer to any other object, and is, like the type
-implies, a pure storage object containing some user data.  It is used to
-actually store the file data, i.e. a blob object is associated with some
-particular version of some file.
-
-A "tree" object is an object that ties one or more "blob" objects into a
-directory structure. In addition, a tree object can refer to other tree
-objects, thus creating a directory hierarchy.
-
-A "commit" object ties such directory hierarchies together into
-a DAG of revisions - each "commit" is associated with exactly one tree
-(the directory hierarchy at the time of the commit). In addition, a
-"commit" refers to one or more "parent" commit objects that describe the
-history of how we arrived at that directory hierarchy.
-
-As a special case, a commit object with no parents is called the "root"
-object, and is the point of an initial project commit.  Each project
-must have at least one root, and while you can tie several different
-root objects together into one project by creating a commit object which
-has two or more separate roots as its ultimate parents, that's probably
-just going to confuse people.  So aim for the notion of "one root object
-per project", even if git itself does not enforce that.
-
-A "tag" object symbolically identifies and can be used to sign other
-objects. It contains the identifier and type of another object, a
-symbolic name (of course!) and, optionally, a signature.
-
-Regardless of object type, all objects share the following
-characteristics: they are all deflated with zlib, and have a header
-that not only specifies their type, but also provides size information
-about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA1 hash
-that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
-plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
-for 'file'.
-(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
-was the sha1 of the 'compressed' object.)
-
-As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
-independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
-be validated by verifying that (a) their hashes match the content of the
-file and (b) the object successfully inflates to a stream of bytes that
-forms a sequence of <ascii type without space> + <space> + <ascii decimal
-size> + <byte\0> + <binary object data>.
-
-The structured objects can further have their structure and
-connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
-the `git-fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
-of all objects, and verifies their internal consistency (in addition
-to just verifying their superficial consistency through the hash).
-
-The object types in some more detail:
-
-Blob Object
-~~~~~~~~~~~
-A "blob" object is nothing but a binary blob of data, and doesn't
-refer to anything else.  There is no signature or any other
-verification of the data, so while the object is consistent (it 'is'
-indexed by its sha1 hash, so the data itself is certainly correct), it
-has absolutely no other attributes.  No name associations, no
-permissions.  It is purely a blob of data (i.e. normally "file
-contents").
-
-In particular, since the blob is entirely defined by its data, if two
-files in a directory tree (or in multiple different versions of the
-repository) have the same contents, they will share the same blob
-object. The object is totally independent of its location in the
-directory tree, and renaming a file does not change the object that
-file is associated with in any way.
-
-A blob is typically created when gitlink:git-update-index[1]
-(or gitlink:git-add[1]) is run, and its data can be accessed by
-gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
-
-Tree Object
-~~~~~~~~~~~
-The next hierarchical object type is the "tree" object.  A tree object
-is a list of mode/name/blob data, sorted by name.  Alternatively, the
-mode data may specify a directory mode, in which case instead of
-naming a blob, that name is associated with another TREE object.
-
-Like the "blob" object, a tree object is uniquely determined by the
-set contents, and so two separate but identical trees will always
-share the exact same object. This is true at all levels, i.e. it's
-true for a "leaf" tree (which does not refer to any other trees, only
-blobs) as well as for a whole subdirectory.
-
-For that reason a "tree" object is just a pure data abstraction: it
-has no history, no signatures, no verification of validity, except
-that since the contents are again protected by the hash itself, we can
-trust that the tree is immutable and its contents never change.
-
-So you can trust the contents of a tree to be valid, the same way you
-can trust the contents of a blob, but you don't know where those
-contents 'came' from.
-
-Side note on trees: since a "tree" object is a sorted list of
-"filename+content", you can create a diff between two trees without
-actually having to unpack two trees.  Just ignore all common parts,
-and your diff will look right.  In other words, you can effectively
-(and efficiently) tell the difference between any two random trees by
-O(n) where "n" is the size of the difference, rather than the size of
-the tree.
-
-Side note 2 on trees: since the name of a "blob" depends entirely and
-exclusively on its contents (i.e. there are no names or permissions
-involved), you can see trivial renames or permission changes by
-noticing that the blob stayed the same.  However, renames with data
-changes need a smarter "diff" implementation.
-
-A tree is created with gitlink:git-write-tree[1] and
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-ls-tree[1].
-Two trees can be compared with gitlink:git-diff-tree[1].
-
-Commit Object
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-The "commit" object is an object that introduces the notion of
-history into the picture.  In contrast to the other objects, it
-doesn't just describe the physical state of a tree, it describes how
-we got there, and why.
-
-A "commit" is defined by the tree-object that it results in, the
-parent commits (zero, one or more) that led up to that point, and a
-comment on what happened.  Again, a commit is not trusted per se:
-the contents are well-defined and "safe" due to the cryptographically
-strong signatures at all levels, but there is no reason to believe
-that the tree is "good" or that the merge information makes sense.
-The parents do not have to actually have any relationship with the
-result, for example.
-
-Note on commits: unlike real SCM's, commits do not contain
-rename information or file mode change information.  All of that is
-implicit in the trees involved (the result tree, and the result trees
-of the parents), and describing that makes no sense in this idiotic
-file manager.
-
-A commit is created with gitlink:git-commit-tree[1] and
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
-
-Trust
-~~~~~
-An aside on the notion of "trust". Trust is really outside the scope
-of "git", but it's worth noting a few things.  First off, since
-everything is hashed with SHA1, you 'can' trust that an object is
-intact and has not been messed with by external sources.  So the name
-of an object uniquely identifies a known state - just not a state that
-you may want to trust.
-
-Furthermore, since the SHA1 signature of a commit refers to the
-SHA1 signatures of the tree it is associated with and the signatures
-of the parent, a single named commit specifies uniquely a whole set
-of history, with full contents.  You can't later fake any step of the
-way once you have the name of a commit.
-
-So to introduce some real trust in the system, the only thing you need
-to do is to digitally sign just 'one' special note, which includes the
-name of a top-level commit.  Your digital signature shows others
-that you trust that commit, and the immutability of the history of
-commits tells others that they can trust the whole history.
-
-In other words, you can easily validate a whole archive by just
-sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA1 hash)
-of the top commit, and digitally sign that email using something
-like GPG/PGP.
-
-To assist in this, git also provides the tag object...
-
-Tag Object
-~~~~~~~~~~
-Git provides the "tag" object to simplify creating, managing and
-exchanging symbolic and signed tokens.  The "tag" object at its
-simplest simply symbolically identifies another object by containing
-the sha1, type and symbolic name.
-
-However it can optionally contain additional signature information
-(which git doesn't care about as long as there's less than 8k of
-it). This can then be verified externally to git.
-
-Note that despite the tag features, "git" itself only handles content
-integrity; the trust framework (and signature provision and
-verification) has to come from outside.
-
-A tag is created with gitlink:git-mktag[1],
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1],
-and the signature can be verified by
-gitlink:git-verify-tag[1].
-
-
-The "index" aka "Current Directory Cache"
------------------------------------------
-The index is a simple binary file, which contains an efficient
-representation of a virtual directory content at some random time.  It
-does so by a simple array that associates a set of names, dates,
-permissions and content (aka "blob") objects together.  The cache is
-always kept ordered by name, and names are unique (with a few very
-specific rules) at any point in time, but the cache has no long-term
-meaning, and can be partially updated at any time.
-
-In particular, the index certainly does not need to be consistent with
-the current directory contents (in fact, most operations will depend on
-different ways to make the index 'not' be consistent with the directory
-hierarchy), but it has three very important attributes:
-
-'(a) it can re-generate the full state it caches (not just the
-directory structure: it contains pointers to the "blob" objects so
-that it can regenerate the data too)'
-
-As a special case, there is a clear and unambiguous one-way mapping
-from a current directory cache to a "tree object", which can be
-efficiently created from just the current directory cache without
-actually looking at any other data.  So a directory cache at any one
-time uniquely specifies one and only one "tree" object (but has
-additional data to make it easy to match up that tree object with what
-has happened in the directory)
-
-'(b) it has efficient methods for finding inconsistencies between that
-cached state ("tree object waiting to be instantiated") and the
-current state.'
-
-'(c) it can additionally efficiently represent information about merge
-conflicts between different tree objects, allowing each pathname to be
-associated with sufficient information about the trees involved that
-you can create a three-way merge between them.'
-
-Those are the three ONLY things that the directory cache does.  It's a
-cache, and the normal operation is to re-generate it completely from a
-known tree object, or update/compare it with a live tree that is being
-developed.  If you blow the directory cache away entirely, you generally
-haven't lost any information as long as you have the name of the tree
-that it described.
-
-At the same time, the index is at the same time also the
-staging area for creating new trees, and creating a new tree always
-involves a controlled modification of the index file.  In particular,
-the index file can have the representation of an intermediate tree that
-has not yet been instantiated.  So the index can be thought of as a
-write-back cache, which can contain dirty information that has not yet
-been written back to the backing store.
-
-
-
-The Workflow
-------------
-Generally, all "git" operations work on the index file. Some operations
-work *purely* on the index file (showing the current state of the
-index), but most operations move data to and from the index file. Either
-from the database or from the working directory. Thus there are four
-main combinations:
-
-1) working directory -> index
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You update the index with information from the working directory with
-the gitlink:git-update-index[1] command.  You
-generally update the index information by just specifying the filename
-you want to update, like so:
-
-	git-update-index filename
-
-but to avoid common mistakes with filename globbing etc, the command
-will not normally add totally new entries or remove old entries,
-i.e. it will normally just update existing cache entries.
-
-To tell git that yes, you really do realize that certain files no
-longer exist, or that new files should be added, you
-should use the `--remove` and `--add` flags respectively.
-
-NOTE! A `--remove` flag does 'not' mean that subsequent filenames will
-necessarily be removed: if the files still exist in your directory
-structure, the index will be updated with their new status, not
-removed. The only thing `--remove` means is that update-cache will be
-considering a removed file to be a valid thing, and if the file really
-does not exist any more, it will update the index accordingly.
-
-As a special case, you can also do `git-update-index --refresh`, which
-will refresh the "stat" information of each index to match the current
-stat information. It will 'not' update the object status itself, and
-it will only update the fields that are used to quickly test whether
-an object still matches its old backing store object.
-
-2) index -> object database
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You write your current index file to a "tree" object with the program
-
-	git-write-tree
-
-that doesn't come with any options - it will just write out the
-current index into the set of tree objects that describe that state,
-and it will return the name of the resulting top-level tree. You can
-use that tree to re-generate the index at any time by going in the
-other direction:
-
-3) object database -> index
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You read a "tree" file from the object database, and use that to
-populate (and overwrite - don't do this if your index contains any
-unsaved state that you might want to restore later!) your current
-index.  Normal operation is just
-
-		git-read-tree <sha1 of tree>
-
-and your index file will now be equivalent to the tree that you saved
-earlier. However, that is only your 'index' file: your working
-directory contents have not been modified.
-
-4) index -> working directory
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You update your working directory from the index by "checking out"
-files. This is not a very common operation, since normally you'd just
-keep your files updated, and rather than write to your working
-directory, you'd tell the index files about the changes in your
-working directory (i.e. `git-update-index`).
-
-However, if you decide to jump to a new version, or check out somebody
-else's version, or just restore a previous tree, you'd populate your
-index file with read-tree, and then you need to check out the result
-with
-
-		git-checkout-index filename
-
-or, if you want to check out all of the index, use `-a`.
-
-NOTE! git-checkout-index normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
-if you have an old version of the tree already checked out, you will
-need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
-'force' the checkout.
-
-
-Finally, there are a few odds and ends which are not purely moving
-from one representation to the other:
-
-5) Tying it all together
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-To commit a tree you have instantiated with "git-write-tree", you'd
-create a "commit" object that refers to that tree and the history
-behind it - most notably the "parent" commits that preceded it in
-history.
-
-Normally a "commit" has one parent: the previous state of the tree
-before a certain change was made. However, sometimes it can have two
-or more parent commits, in which case we call it a "merge", due to the
-fact that such a commit brings together ("merges") two or more
-previous states represented by other commits.
-
-In other words, while a "tree" represents a particular directory state
-of a working directory, a "commit" represents that state in "time",
-and explains how we got there.
-
-You create a commit object by giving it the tree that describes the
-state at the time of the commit, and a list of parents:
-
-	git-commit-tree <tree> -p <parent> [-p <parent2> ..]
-
-and then giving the reason for the commit on stdin (either through
-redirection from a pipe or file, or by just typing it at the tty).
-
-git-commit-tree will return the name of the object that represents
-that commit, and you should save it away for later use. Normally,
-you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while git doesn't care where you
-save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the
-result to the file pointed at by `.git/HEAD`, so that we can always see
-what the last committed state was.
-
-Here is an ASCII art by Jon Loeliger that illustrates how
-various pieces fit together.
-
-------------
-
-                     commit-tree
-                      commit obj
-                       +----+
-                       |    |
-                       |    |
-                       V    V
-                    +-----------+
-                    | Object DB |
-                    |  Backing  |
-                    |   Store   |
-                    +-----------+
-                       ^
-           write-tree  |     |
-             tree obj  |     |
-                       |     |  read-tree
-                       |     |  tree obj
-                             V
-                    +-----------+
-                    |   Index   |
-                    |  "cache"  |
-                    +-----------+
-         update-index  ^
-             blob obj  |     |
-                       |     |
-    checkout-index -u  |     |  checkout-index
-             stat      |     |  blob obj
-                             V
-                    +-----------+
-                    |  Working  |
-                    | Directory |
-                    +-----------+
-
-------------
-
-
-6) Examining the data
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-You can examine the data represented in the object database and the
-index with various helper tools. For every object, you can use
-gitlink:git-cat-file[1] to examine details about the
-object:
-
-		git-cat-file -t <objectname>
-
-shows the type of the object, and once you have the type (which is
-usually implicit in where you find the object), you can use
-
-		git-cat-file blob|tree|commit|tag <objectname>
-
-to show its contents. NOTE! Trees have binary content, and as a result
-there is a special helper for showing that content, called
-`git-ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
-readable form.
-
-It's especially instructive to look at "commit" objects, since those
-tend to be small and fairly self-explanatory. In particular, if you
-follow the convention of having the top commit name in `.git/HEAD`,
-you can do
-
-		git-cat-file commit HEAD
-
-to see what the top commit was.
-
-7) Merging multiple trees
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Git helps you do a three-way merge, which you can expand to n-way by
-repeating the merge procedure arbitrary times until you finally
-"commit" the state.  The normal situation is that you'd only do one
-three-way merge (two parents), and commit it, but if you like to, you
-can do multiple parents in one go.
-
-To do a three-way merge, you need the two sets of "commit" objects
-that you want to merge, use those to find the closest common parent (a
-third "commit" object), and then use those commit objects to find the
-state of the directory ("tree" object) at these points.
-
-To get the "base" for the merge, you first look up the common parent
-of two commits with
-
-		git-merge-base <commit1> <commit2>
-
-which will return you the commit they are both based on.  You should
-now look up the "tree" objects of those commits, which you can easily
-do with (for example)
-
-		git-cat-file commit <commitname> | head -1
-
-since the tree object information is always the first line in a commit
-object.
-
-Once you know the three trees you are going to merge (the one
-"original" tree, aka the common case, and the two "result" trees, aka
-the branches you want to merge), you do a "merge" read into the
-index. This will complain if it has to throw away your old index contents, so you should
-make sure that you've committed those - in fact you would normally
-always do a merge against your last commit (which should thus match
-what you have in your current index anyway).
-
-To do the merge, do
-
-		git-read-tree -m -u <origtree> <yourtree> <targettree>
-
-which will do all trivial merge operations for you directly in the
-index file, and you can just write the result out with
-`git-write-tree`.
-
-Historical note.  We did not have `-u` facility when this
-section was first written, so we used to warn that
-the merge is done in the index file, not in your
-working tree, and your working tree will not match your
-index after this step.
-This is no longer true.  The above command, thanks to `-u`
-option, updates your working tree with the merge results for
-paths that have been trivially merged.
-
-
-8) Merging multiple trees, continued
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Sadly, many merges aren't trivial. If there are files that have
-been added.moved or removed, or if both branches have modified the
-same file, you will be left with an index tree that contains "merge
-entries" in it. Such an index tree can 'NOT' be written out to a tree
-object, and you will have to resolve any such merge clashes using
-other tools before you can write out the result.
-
-You can examine such index state with `git-ls-files --unmerged`
-command.  An example:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git-read-tree -m $orig HEAD $target
-$ git-ls-files --unmerged
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello.c
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello.c
-100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello.c
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Each line of the `git-ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
-the blob mode bits, blob SHA1, 'stage number', and the
-filename.  The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
-came from: stage 1 corresponds to `$orig` tree, stage 2 `HEAD`
-tree, and stage3 `$target` tree.
-
-Earlier we said that trivial merges are done inside
-`git-read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
-from `$orig` to `HEAD` nor `$target`, or if the file changed
-from `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` the same way,
-obviously the final outcome is what is in `HEAD`.  What the
-above example shows is that file `hello.c` was changed from
-`$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` in a different way.
-You could resolve this by running your favorite 3-way merge
-program, e.g.  `diff3` or `merge`, on the blob objects from
-these three stages yourself, like this:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file blob 263414f... >hello.c~1
-$ git-cat-file blob 06fa6a2... >hello.c~2
-$ git-cat-file blob cc44c73... >hello.c~3
-$ merge hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
-------------------------------------------------
-
-This would leave the merge result in `hello.c~2` file, along
-with conflict markers if there are conflicts.  After verifying
-the merge result makes sense, you can tell git what the final
-merge result for this file is by:
-
-	mv -f hello.c~2 hello.c
-	git-update-index hello.c
-
-When a path is in unmerged state, running `git-update-index` for
-that path tells git to mark the path resolved.
-
-The above is the description of a git merge at the lowest level,
-to help you understand what conceptually happens under the hood.
-In practice, nobody, not even git itself, uses three `git-cat-file`
-for this.  There is `git-merge-index` program that extracts the
-stages to temporary files and calls a "merge" script on it:
-
-	git-merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
-
-and that is what higher level `git merge -s resolve` is implemented
-with.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
index 378e72f38f..1eeb1c7683 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree" and
-"git-diff-files" are very similar.
+The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
+"git-diff-files" and "git diff --raw" are very similar.
 
-These commands all compare two sets of things; what is 
+These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
 compared differs:
 
 git-diff-index <tree-ish>::
@@ -46,6 +46,22 @@ That is, from the left to the right:
 . path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
 . an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
 
+Possible status letters are:
+
+- A: addition of a file
+- C: copy of a file into a new one
+- D: deletion of a file
+- M: modification of the contents or mode of a file
+- R: renaming of a file
+- T: change in the type of the file
+- U: file is unmerged (you must complete the merge before it can
+be committed)
+- X: "unknown" change type (most probably a bug, please report it)
+
+Status letters C and R are always followed by a score (denoting the
+percentage of similarity between the source and target of the move or
+copy), and are the only ones to be so.
+
 <sha1> is shown as all 0's if a file is new on the filesystem
 and it is out of sync with the index.
 
@@ -59,156 +75,89 @@ When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
 respectively.
 
+diff format for merges
+----------------------
+
+"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
+can take '-c' or '--cc' option
+to generate diff output also for merge commits.  The output differs
+from the format described above in the following way:
+
+. there is a colon for each parent
+. there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1
+. status is concatenated status characters for each parent
+. no optional "score" number
+. single path, only for "dst"
+
+Example:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8... cc95eb0... 4866510... MM	describe.c
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from
+all parents.
+
+
+include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
+
+
+other diff formats
+------------------
+
+The `--summary` option describes newly added, deleted, renamed and
+copied files.  The `--stat` option adds diffstat(1) graph to the
+output.  These options can be combined with other options, such as
+`-p`, and are meant for human consumption.
+
+When showing a change that involves a rename or a copy, `--stat` output
+formats the pathnames compactly by combining common prefix and suffix of
+the pathnames.  For example, a change that moves `arch/i386/Makefile` to
+`arch/x86/Makefile` while modifying 4 lines will be shown like this:
+
+------------------------------------
+arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile    |   4 +--
+------------------------------------
+
+The `--numstat` option gives the diffstat(1) information but is designed
+for easier machine consumption.  An entry in `--numstat` output looks
+like this:
+
+----------------------------------------
+1	2	README
+3	1	arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile
+----------------------------------------
+
+That is, from left to right:
+
+. the number of added lines;
+. a tab;
+. the number of deleted lines;
+. a tab;
+. pathname (possibly with rename/copy information);
+. a newline.
+
+When `-z` output option is in effect, the output is formatted this way:
+
+----------------------------------------
+1	2	README NUL
+3	1	NUL arch/i386/Makefile NUL arch/x86/Makefile NUL
+----------------------------------------
+
+That is:
 
-Generating patches with -p
---------------------------
-
-When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
-with a '-p' option, they do not produce the output described above;
-instead they produce a patch file.  You can customize the creation
-of such patches via the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS
-environment variables.
-
-What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
-diff format.
-
-1.   It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
-     this:
-
-       diff --git a/file1 b/file2
-+
-The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
-involved.  Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
-`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
-+
-When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
-name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
-the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
-
-2.   It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
-
-       old mode <mode>
-       new mode <mode>
-       deleted file mode <mode>
-       new file mode <mode>
-       copy from <path>
-       copy to <path>
-       rename from <path>
-       rename to <path>
-       similarity index <number>
-       dissimilarity index <number>
-       index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
-
-3.  TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
-    are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
-    If there is need for such substitution then the whole
-    pathname is put in double quotes.
-
-
-combined diff format
---------------------
-
-git-diff-tree and git-diff-files can take '-c' or '--cc' option
-to produce 'combined diff', which looks like this:
-
-------------
-diff --combined describe.c
-index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
---- a/describe.c
-+++ b/describe.c
-@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
-  	return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
-  }
-  
-- static void describe(char *arg)
- -static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
-++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
-  {
- +	unsigned char sha1[20];
- +	struct commit *cmit;
-  	struct commit_list *list;
-  	static int initialized = 0;
-  	struct commit_name *n;
-  
- +	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
- +		usage(describe_usage);
- +	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
- +	if (!cmit)
- +		usage(describe_usage);
- +
-  	if (!initialized) {
-  		initialized = 1;
-  		for_each_ref(get_name);
-------------
-
-1.   It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
-     this (when '-c' option is used):
-
-       diff --combined file
-+
-or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
-
-       diff --c file
-
-2.   It is followed by one or more extended header lines
-     (this example shows a merge with two parents):
-
-       index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
-       mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
-       new file mode <mode>
-       deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
-+
-The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
-the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
-information about detected contents movement (renames and
-copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
-<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
-
-3.   It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
-
-       --- a/file
-       +++ b/file
-+
-Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
-format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
-files.
-
-4.   Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
-     accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
-     was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
-     meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
-     extended 'index' header:
-
-       @@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
-+
-There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
-header for combined diff format.
-
-Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
-files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
-appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
-added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
-compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
-shows how X differs from each of fileN.  One column for each of
-fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
-different from it.
-
-A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
-fileN but it does not appear in the result.  A `+` character
-in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
-and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
-added, from the point of view of that parent).
-
-In the above example output, the function signature was changed
-from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
-file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
-in either file1 nor file2).  Also two other lines are the same
-from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
-
-When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
-merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
-parents).  When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
-two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
-(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
-"their version").
+. the number of added lines;
+. a tab;
+. the number of deleted lines;
+. a tab;
+. a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);
+. pathname in preimage;
+. a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);
+. pathname in postimage (only exists if renamed/copied);
+. a NUL.
 
+The extra `NUL` before the preimage path in renamed case is to allow
+scripts that read the output to tell if the current record being read is
+a single-path record or a rename/copy record without reading ahead.
+After reading added and deleted lines, reading up to `NUL` would yield
+the pathname, but if that is `NUL`, the record will show two paths.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f25ba7e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+Generating patches with -p
+--------------------------
+
+When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
+with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
+"git log" with the "-p" option, they
+do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
+patch file.  You can customize the creation of such patches via the
+GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
+
+What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
+diff format.
+
+1.   It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
+     this:
+
+       diff --git a/file1 b/file2
++
+The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
+involved.  Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
+`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
++
+When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
+name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
+the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
+
+2.   It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
+
+       old mode <mode>
+       new mode <mode>
+       deleted file mode <mode>
+       new file mode <mode>
+       copy from <path>
+       copy to <path>
+       rename from <path>
+       rename to <path>
+       similarity index <number>
+       dissimilarity index <number>
+       index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
+
+3.  TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
+    are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
+    If there is need for such substitution then the whole
+    pathname is put in double quotes.
+
+The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
+the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines.  It
+is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign.  The
+similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
+files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
+file made it into the new one.
+
+
+combined diff format
+--------------------
+
+"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
+'--cc' option to produce 'combined diff'.  For showing a merge commit
+with "git log -p", this is the default format.
+A 'combined diff' format looks like this:
+
+------------
+diff --combined describe.c
+index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
+--- a/describe.c
++++ b/describe.c
+@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
+	return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
+  }
+
+- static void describe(char *arg)
+ -static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
+++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
+  {
+ +	unsigned char sha1[20];
+ +	struct commit *cmit;
+	struct commit_list *list;
+	static int initialized = 0;
+	struct commit_name *n;
+
+ +	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
+ +		usage(describe_usage);
+ +	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+ +	if (!cmit)
+ +		usage(describe_usage);
+ +
+	if (!initialized) {
+		initialized = 1;
+		for_each_ref(get_name);
+------------
+
+1.   It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
+     this (when '-c' option is used):
+
+       diff --combined file
++
+or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
+
+       diff --cc file
+
+2.   It is followed by one or more extended header lines
+     (this example shows a merge with two parents):
+
+       index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
+       mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
+       new file mode <mode>
+       deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
++
+The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
+the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
+information about detected contents movement (renames and
+copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
+<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
+
+3.   It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
+
+       --- a/file
+       +++ b/file
++
+Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
+format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
+files.
+
+4.   Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
+     accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
+     was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
+     meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
+     extended 'index' header:
+
+       @@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
++
+There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
+header for combined diff format.
+
+Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
+files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
+appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
+added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
+compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
+shows how X differs from each of fileN.  One column for each of
+fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
+different from it.
+
+A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
+fileN but it does not appear in the result.  A `+` character
+in the column N means that the line appears in the result,
+and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
+added, from the point of view of that parent).
+
+In the above example output, the function signature was changed
+from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
+file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
+in either file1 nor file2).  Also eight other lines are the same
+from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with `{plus}`).
+
+When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
+merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
+parents).  When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
+two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
+(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
+"their version").
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index 1689c74817..9276faeb11 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -1,15 +1,44 @@
+// Please don't remove this comment as asciidoc behaves badly when
+// the first non-empty line is ifdef/ifndef. The symptom is that
+// without this comment the <git-diff-core> attribute conditionally
+// defined below ends up being defined unconditionally.
+// Last checked with asciidoc 7.0.2.
+
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
+ifndef::git-diff[]
+ifndef::git-log[]
+:git-diff-core: 1
+endif::git-log[]
+endif::git-diff[]
+endif::git-format-patch[]
+
+ifdef::git-format-patch[]
 -p::
-	Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
+	Generate patches without diffstat.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
+-p::
 -u::
-	Synonym for "-p".
+	Generate patch (see section on generating patches).
+	{git-diff? This is the default.}
+endif::git-format-patch[]
+
+-U<n>::
+--unified=<n>::
+	Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of
+	the usual three. Implies "-p".
 
 --raw::
 	Generate the raw format.
+	{git-diff-core? This is the default.}
 
 --patch-with-raw::
 	Synonym for "-p --raw".
 
+--patience::
+	Generate a diff using the "patience diff" algorithm.
+
 --stat[=width[,name-width]]::
 	Generate a diffstat.  You can override the default
 	output width for 80-column terminal by "--stat=width".
@@ -28,21 +57,35 @@
 	number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted
 	lines.
 
+--dirstat[=limit]::
+	Output the distribution of relative amount of changes (number of lines added or
+	removed) for each sub-directory. Directories with changes below
+	a cut-off percent (3% by default) are not shown. The cut-off percent
+	can be set with "--dirstat=limit". Changes in a child directory is not
+	counted for the parent directory, unless "--cumulative" is used.
+
+--dirstat-by-file[=limit]::
+	Same as --dirstat, but counts changed files instead of lines.
+
 --summary::
 	Output a condensed summary of extended header information
 	such as creations, renames and mode changes.
 
 --patch-with-stat::
 	Synonym for "-p --stat".
+	{git-format-patch? This is the default.}
 
 -z::
-	\0 line termination on output
+	NUL-line termination on output.  This affects the --raw
+	output field terminator.  Also output from commands such
+	as "git-log" will be delimited with NUL between commits.
 
 --name-only::
 	Show only names of changed files.
 
 --name-status::
-	Show only names and status of changed files.
+	Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
+	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
 
 --color::
 	Show colored diff.
@@ -51,8 +94,22 @@
 	Turn off colored diff, even when the configuration file
 	gives the default to color output.
 
---color-words::
-	Show colored word diff, i.e. color words which have changed.
+--color-words[=<regex>]::
+	Show colored word diff, i.e., color words which have changed.
+	By default, words are separated by whitespace.
++
+When a <regex> is specified, every non-overlapping match of the
+<regex> is considered a word.  Anything between these matches is
+considered whitespace and ignored(!) for the purposes of finding
+differences.  You may want to append `|[^[:space:]]` to your regular
+expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
+A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
+newline.
++
+The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
+linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1].  Giving it explicitly
+overrides any diff driver or configuration setting.  Diff drivers
+override configuration settings.
 
 --no-renames::
 	Turn off rename detection, even when the configuration
@@ -60,12 +117,14 @@
 
 --check::
 	Warn if changes introduce trailing whitespace
-	or an indent that uses a space before a tab.
+	or an indent that uses a space before a tab. Exits with
+	non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible with
+	--exit-code.
 
 --full-index::
-	Instead of the first handful characters, show full
-	object name of pre- and post-image blob on the "index"
-	line when generating a patch format output.
+	Instead of the first handful of characters, show the full
+	pre- and post-image blob object names on the "index"
+	line when generating patch format output.
 
 --binary::
 	In addition to --full-index, output "binary diff" that
@@ -74,7 +133,7 @@
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
 	name in diff-raw format output and diff-tree header
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.  This is
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.  This is
 	independent of --full-index option above, which controls
 	the diff-patch output format.  Non default number of
 	digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
@@ -86,12 +145,13 @@
 	Detect renames.
 
 -C::
-	Detect copies as well as renames.
+	Detect copies as well as renames.  See also `--find-copies-harder`.
 
 --diff-filter=[ACDMRTUXB*]::
 	Select only files that are Added (`A`), Copied (`C`),
 	Deleted (`D`), Modified (`M`), Renamed (`R`), have their
-	type (mode) changed (`T`), are Unmerged (`U`), are
+	type (i.e. regular file, symlink, submodule, ...) changed (`T`),
+	are Unmerged (`U`), are
 	Unknown (`X`), or have had their pairing Broken (`B`).
 	Any combination of the filter characters may be used.
 	When `*` (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
@@ -100,12 +160,13 @@
 	that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
 
 --find-copies-harder::
-	For performance reasons, by default, -C option finds copies only 
-	if the original file of the copy was modified in the same 
+	For performance reasons, by default, `-C` option finds copies only
+	if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
 	changeset.  This flag makes the command
 	inspect unmodified files as candidates for the source of
 	copy.  This is a very expensive operation for large
-	projects, so use it with caution.
+	projects, so use it with caution.  Giving more than one
+	`-C` option has the same effect.
 
 -l<num>::
 	-M and -C options require O(n^2) processing time where n
@@ -115,7 +176,10 @@
 	number.
 
 -S<string>::
-	Look for differences that contain the change in <string>.
+	Look for differences that introduce or remove an instance of
+	<string>. Note that this is different than the string simply
+	appearing in diff output; see the 'pickaxe' entry in
+	linkgit:gitdiffcore[7] for more details.
 
 --pickaxe-all::
 	When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
@@ -134,30 +198,36 @@
 	Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or
 	on-disk file to tree contents.
 
---text::
-	Treat all files as text.
+--relative[=<path>]::
+	When run from a subdirectory of the project, it can be
+	told to exclude changes outside the directory and show
+	pathnames relative to it with this option.  When you are
+	not in a subdirectory (e.g. in a bare repository), you
+	can name which subdirectory to make the output relative
+	to by giving a <path> as an argument.
 
 -a::
-	Shorthand for "--text".
+--text::
+	Treat all files as text.
 
 --ignore-space-at-eol::
-	Ignore changes in white spaces at EOL.
-
---ignore-space-change::
-	Ignore changes in amount of white space.  This ignores white
-	space at line end, and consider all other sequences of one or
-	more white space characters to be equivalent.
+	Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.
 
 -b::
-	Shorthand for "--ignore-space-change".
+--ignore-space-change::
+	Ignore changes in amount of whitespace.  This ignores whitespace
+	at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
+	more whitespace characters to be equivalent.
 
+-w::
 --ignore-all-space::
-	Ignore white space when comparing lines.  This ignores
-	difference even if one line has white space where the other
+	Ignore whitespace when comparing lines.  This ignores
+	differences even if one line has whitespace where the other
 	line has none.
 
--w::
-	Shorthand for "--ignore-all-space".
+--inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
+	Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
+	of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
 
 --exit-code::
 	Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
@@ -167,5 +237,25 @@
 --quiet::
 	Disable all output of the program. Implies --exit-code.
 
+--ext-diff::
+	Allow an external diff helper to be executed. If you set an
+	external diff driver with linkgit:gitattributes[5], you need
+	to use this option with linkgit:git-log[1] and friends.
+
+--no-ext-diff::
+	Disallow external diff drivers.
+
+--ignore-submodules::
+	Ignore changes to submodules in the diff generation.
+
+--src-prefix=<prefix>::
+	Show the given source prefix instead of "a/".
+
+--dst-prefix=<prefix>::
+	Show the given destination prefix instead of "b/".
+
+--no-prefix::
+	Do not show any source or destination prefix.
+
 For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
-link:diffcore.html[diffcore documentation].
+linkgit:gitdiffcore[7].
diff --git a/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css b/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
index 8821e305dd..e11c8f053a 100644
--- a/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
+++ b/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
@@ -1,286 +1,296 @@
-/*

-  CSS stylesheet for XHTML produced by DocBook XSL stylesheets.

-  Tested with XSL stylesheets 1.61.2, 1.67.2

-*/

-

-span.strong {

-  font-weight: bold;

-}

-

-body blockquote {

-  margin-top: .75em;

-  line-height: 1.5;

-  margin-bottom: .75em;

-}

-

-html body {

-  margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;

-  line-height: 1.2;

-}

-

-body div {

-  margin: 0;

-}

-

-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,

-div.toc p b,

-div.list-of-figures p b,

-div.list-of-tables p b,

-div.abstract p.title

-{

-  color: #527bbd;

-  font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;

-}

-

-div.toc p:first-child,

-div.list-of-figures p:first-child,

-div.list-of-tables p:first-child,

-div.example p.title

-{

-  margin-bottom: 0.2em;

-}

-

-body h1 {

-  margin: .0em 0 0 -4%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;

-}

-

-body h2 {

-  margin: 0.5em 0 0 -4%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;

-}

-

-body h3 {

-  margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-}

-

-body h4 {

-  margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-}

-

-body h5 {

-  margin: .8em 0 0 -2%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-}

-

-body h6 {

-  margin: .8em 0 0 -1%;

-  line-height: 1.3;

-}

-

-body hr {

-  border: none; /* Broken on IE6 */

-}

-div.footnotes hr {

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-}

-

-div.navheader th, div.navheader td, div.navfooter td {

-  font-family: sans-serif;

-  font-size: 0.9em;

-  font-weight: bold;

-  color: #527bbd;

-}

-div.navheader img, div.navfooter img {

-  border-style: none;

-}

-div.navheader a, div.navfooter a {

-  font-weight: normal;

-}

-div.navfooter hr {

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-}

-

-body td {

-  line-height: 1.2

-}

-

-body th {

-  line-height: 1.2;

-}

-

-ol {

-  line-height: 1.2;

-}

-

-ul, body dir, body menu {

-  line-height: 1.2;

-}

-

-html {

-  margin: 0; 

-  padding: 0;

-}

-

-body h1, body h2, body h3, body h4, body h5, body h6 {

-  margin-left: 0

-} 

-

-body pre {

-  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;

-  line-height: 1.0;

-  color: navy;

-}

-

-tt.literal, code.literal {

-  color: navy;

-}

-

-div.literallayout p {

-  padding: 0em;

-  margin: 0em;

-}

-

-div.literallayout {

-  font-family: monospace;

-#  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;

-  margin: 0em;

-  color: navy;

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-  background: #f4f4f4;

-  padding: 0.5em;

-}

-

-.programlisting, .screen {

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-  background: #f4f4f4;

-  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 0;

-  padding: 0.5em 1em;

-}

-

-div.sidebar {

-  background: #ffffee;

-  margin: 1.0em 10% 0.5em 0;

-  padding: 0.5em 1em;

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-}

-div.sidebar * { padding: 0; }

-div.sidebar div { margin: 0; }

-div.sidebar p.title {

-  font-family: sans-serif;

-  margin-top: 0.5em;

-  margin-bottom: 0.2em;

-}

-

-div.bibliomixed {

-  margin: 0.5em 5% 0.5em 1em;

-}

-

-div.glossary dt {

-  font-weight: bold;

-}

-div.glossary dd p {

-  margin-top: 0.2em;

-}

-

-dl {

-  margin: .8em 0;

-  line-height: 1.2;

-}

-

-dt {

-  margin-top: 0.5em;

-}

-

-dt span.term {

-  font-style: italic;

-}

-

-div.variablelist dd p {

-  margin-top: 0;

-}

-

-div.itemizedlist li, div.orderedlist li {

-  margin-left: -0.8em;

-  margin-top: 0.5em;

-}

-

-ul, ol {

-    list-style-position: outside;

-}

-

-div.sidebar ul, div.sidebar ol {

-    margin-left: 2.8em;

-}

-

-div.itemizedlist p.title,

-div.orderedlist p.title,

-div.variablelist p.title

-{

-  margin-bottom: -0.8em;

-}

-

-div.revhistory table {

-  border-collapse: collapse;

-  border: none;

-}

-div.revhistory th {

-  border: none;

-  color: #527bbd;

-  font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;

-}

-div.revhistory td {

-  border: 1px solid silver;

-}

-

-/* Keep TOC and index lines close together. */

-div.toc dl, div.toc dt,

-div.list-of-figures dl, div.list-of-figures dt,

-div.list-of-tables dl, div.list-of-tables dt,

-div.indexdiv dl, div.indexdiv dt

-{

-  line-height: normal;

-  margin-top: 0;

-  margin-bottom: 0;

-}

-

-/*

-  Table styling does not work because of overriding attributes in

-  generated HTML.

-*/

-div.table table,

-div.informaltable table

-{

-    margin-left: 0;

-    margin-right: 5%;

-    margin-bottom: 0.8em;

-}

-div.informaltable table

-{

-    margin-top: 0.4em

-}

-div.table thead,

-div.table tfoot,

-div.table tbody,

-div.informaltable thead,

-div.informaltable tfoot,

-div.informaltable tbody

-{

-    /* No effect in IE6. */

-    border-top: 2px solid #527bbd;

-    border-bottom: 2px solid #527bbd;

-}

-div.table thead, div.table tfoot,

-div.informaltable thead, div.informaltable tfoot

-{

-    font-weight: bold;

-}

-

-div.mediaobject img {

-    border: 1px solid silver;

-    margin-bottom: 0.8em;

-}

-div.figure p.title,

-div.table p.title

-{

-  margin-top: 1em;

-  margin-bottom: 0.4em;

-}

-

-@media print {

-  div.navheader, div.navfooter { display: none; }

-}

+/*
+  CSS stylesheet for XHTML produced by DocBook XSL stylesheets.
+  Tested with XSL stylesheets 1.61.2, 1.67.2
+*/
+
+span.strong {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+body blockquote {
+  margin-top: .75em;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  margin-bottom: .75em;
+}
+
+html body {
+  margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+body div {
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
+div.toc p b,
+div.list-of-figures p b,
+div.list-of-tables p b,
+div.abstract p.title
+{
+  color: #527bbd;
+  font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
+}
+
+div.toc p:first-child,
+div.list-of-figures p:first-child,
+div.list-of-tables p:first-child,
+div.example p.title
+{
+  margin-bottom: 0.2em;
+}
+
+body h1 {
+  margin: .0em 0 0 -4%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+}
+
+body h2 {
+  margin: 0.5em 0 0 -4%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+}
+
+body h3 {
+  margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+}
+
+body h4 {
+  margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+}
+
+body h5 {
+  margin: .8em 0 0 -2%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+}
+
+body h6 {
+  margin: .8em 0 0 -1%;
+  line-height: 1.3;
+}
+
+body hr {
+  border: none; /* Broken on IE6 */
+}
+div.footnotes hr {
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+}
+
+div.navheader th, div.navheader td, div.navfooter td {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  font-size: 0.9em;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: #527bbd;
+}
+div.navheader img, div.navfooter img {
+  border-style: none;
+}
+div.navheader a, div.navfooter a {
+  font-weight: normal;
+}
+div.navfooter hr {
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+}
+
+body td {
+  line-height: 1.2
+}
+
+body th {
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+ol {
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+ul, body dir, body menu {
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+html {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+body h1, body h2, body h3, body h4, body h5, body h6 {
+  margin-left: 0
+}
+
+body pre {
+  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;
+  line-height: 1.0;
+  color: navy;
+}
+
+tt.literal, code.literal {
+  color: navy;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+code.literal:before { content: "'"; }
+code.literal:after { content: "'"; }
+
+em {
+  font-style: italic;
+  color: #064;
+}
+
+div.literallayout p {
+  padding: 0em;
+  margin: 0em;
+}
+
+div.literallayout {
+  font-family: monospace;
+  margin: 0em;
+  color: navy;
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+  background: #f4f4f4;
+  padding: 0.5em;
+}
+
+.programlisting, .screen {
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+  background: #f4f4f4;
+  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 0;
+  padding: 0.5em 1em;
+}
+
+div.sidebar {
+  background: #ffffee;
+  margin: 1.0em 10% 0.5em 0;
+  padding: 0.5em 1em;
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+}
+div.sidebar * { padding: 0; }
+div.sidebar div { margin: 0; }
+div.sidebar p.title {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  margin-top: 0.5em;
+  margin-bottom: 0.2em;
+}
+
+div.bibliomixed {
+  margin: 0.5em 5% 0.5em 1em;
+}
+
+div.glossary dt {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+div.glossary dd p {
+  margin-top: 0.2em;
+}
+
+dl {
+  margin: .8em 0;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+dt {
+  margin-top: 0.5em;
+}
+
+dt span.term {
+  font-style: normal;
+  color: navy;
+}
+
+div.variablelist dd p {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+div.itemizedlist li, div.orderedlist li {
+  margin-left: -0.8em;
+  margin-top: 0.5em;
+}
+
+ul, ol {
+    list-style-position: outside;
+}
+
+div.sidebar ul, div.sidebar ol {
+    margin-left: 2.8em;
+}
+
+div.itemizedlist p.title,
+div.orderedlist p.title,
+div.variablelist p.title
+{
+  margin-bottom: -0.8em;
+}
+
+div.revhistory table {
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+  border: none;
+}
+div.revhistory th {
+  border: none;
+  color: #527bbd;
+  font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
+}
+div.revhistory td {
+  border: 1px solid silver;
+}
+
+/* Keep TOC and index lines close together. */
+div.toc dl, div.toc dt,
+div.list-of-figures dl, div.list-of-figures dt,
+div.list-of-tables dl, div.list-of-tables dt,
+div.indexdiv dl, div.indexdiv dt
+{
+  line-height: normal;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+/*
+  Table styling does not work because of overriding attributes in
+  generated HTML.
+*/
+div.table table,
+div.informaltable table
+{
+    margin-left: 0;
+    margin-right: 5%;
+    margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+}
+div.informaltable table
+{
+    margin-top: 0.4em
+}
+div.table thead,
+div.table tfoot,
+div.table tbody,
+div.informaltable thead,
+div.informaltable tfoot,
+div.informaltable tbody
+{
+    /* No effect in IE6. */
+    border-top: 2px solid #527bbd;
+    border-bottom: 2px solid #527bbd;
+}
+div.table thead, div.table tfoot,
+div.informaltable thead, div.informaltable tfoot
+{
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.mediaobject img {
+    border: 1px solid silver;
+    margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+}
+div.figure p.title,
+div.table p.title
+{
+  margin-top: 1em;
+  margin-bottom: 0.4em;
+}
+
+@media print {
+  div.navheader, div.navfooter { display: none; }
+}
diff --git a/Documentation/docbook.xsl b/Documentation/docbook.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a6912c641
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/docbook.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version='1.0'>
+ <xsl:import href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/html/docbook.xsl"/>
+ <xsl:output method="html" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no" />
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txt b/Documentation/everyday.txt
index 08c61b1f1a..9310b650d3 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txt
@@ -25,16 +25,12 @@ Basic Repository[[Basic Repository]]
 
 Everybody uses these commands to maintain git repositories.
 
-  * gitlink:git-init[1] or gitlink:git-clone[1] to create a
+  * linkgit:git-init[1] or linkgit:git-clone[1] to create a
     new repository.
 
-  * gitlink:git-fsck[1] to check the repository for errors.
+  * linkgit:git-fsck[1] to check the repository for errors.
 
-  * gitlink:git-prune[1] to remove unused objects in the repository.
-
-  * gitlink:git-repack[1] to pack loose objects for efficiency.
-
-  * gitlink:git-gc[1] to do common housekeeping tasks such as
+  * linkgit:git-gc[1] to do common housekeeping tasks such as
     repack and prune.
 
 Examples
@@ -45,24 +41,19 @@ Check health and remove cruft.::
 ------------
 $ git fsck <1>
 $ git count-objects <2>
-$ git repack <3>
-$ git gc <4>
+$ git gc <3>
 ------------
 +
 <1> running without `\--full` is usually cheap and assures the
 repository health reasonably well.
 <2> check how many loose objects there are and how much
 disk space is wasted by not repacking.
-<3> without `-a` repacks incrementally.  repacking every 4-5MB
-of loose objects accumulation may be a good rule of thumb.
-<4> it is easier to use `git gc` than individual housekeeping commands
-such as `prune` and `repack`.  This runs `repack -a -d`.
+<3> repacks the local repository and performs other housekeeping tasks.
 
 Repack a small project into single pack.::
 +
 ------------
-$ git repack -a -d <1>
-$ git prune
+$ git gc <1>
 ------------
 +
 <1> pack all the objects reachable from the refs into one pack,
@@ -76,28 +67,28 @@ A standalone individual developer does not exchange patches with
 other people, and works alone in a single repository, using the
 following commands.
 
-  * gitlink:git-show-branch[1] to see where you are.
+  * linkgit:git-show-branch[1] to see where you are.
 
-  * gitlink:git-log[1] to see what happened.
+  * linkgit:git-log[1] to see what happened.
 
-  * gitlink:git-checkout[1] and gitlink:git-branch[1] to switch
+  * linkgit:git-checkout[1] and linkgit:git-branch[1] to switch
     branches.
 
-  * gitlink:git-add[1] to manage the index file.
+  * linkgit:git-add[1] to manage the index file.
 
-  * gitlink:git-diff[1] and gitlink:git-status[1] to see what
+  * linkgit:git-diff[1] and linkgit:git-status[1] to see what
     you are in the middle of doing.
 
-  * gitlink:git-commit[1] to advance the current branch.
+  * linkgit:git-commit[1] to advance the current branch.
 
-  * gitlink:git-reset[1] and gitlink:git-checkout[1] (with
+  * linkgit:git-reset[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1] (with
     pathname parameters) to undo changes.
 
-  * gitlink:git-merge[1] to merge between local branches.
+  * linkgit:git-merge[1] to merge between local branches.
 
-  * gitlink:git-rebase[1] to maintain topic branches.
+  * linkgit:git-rebase[1] to maintain topic branches.
 
-  * gitlink:git-tag[1] to mark known point.
+  * linkgit:git-tag[1] to mark known point.
 
 Examples
 ~~~~~~~~
@@ -107,9 +98,9 @@ Use a tarball as a starting point for a new repository.::
 ------------
 $ tar zxf frotz.tar.gz
 $ cd frotz
-$ git-init
+$ git init
 $ git add . <1>
-$ git commit -m 'import of frotz source tree.'
+$ git commit -m "import of frotz source tree."
 $ git tag v2.43 <2>
 ------------
 +
@@ -163,16 +154,16 @@ A developer working as a participant in a group project needs to
 learn how to communicate with others, and uses these commands in
 addition to the ones needed by a standalone developer.
 
-  * gitlink:git-clone[1] from the upstream to prime your local
+  * linkgit:git-clone[1] from the upstream to prime your local
     repository.
 
-  * gitlink:git-pull[1] and gitlink:git-fetch[1] from "origin"
+  * linkgit:git-pull[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1] from "origin"
     to keep up-to-date with the upstream.
 
-  * gitlink:git-push[1] to shared repository, if you adopt CVS
+  * linkgit:git-push[1] to shared repository, if you adopt CVS
     style shared repository workflow.
 
-  * gitlink:git-format-patch[1] to prepare e-mail submission, if
+  * linkgit:git-format-patch[1] to prepare e-mail submission, if
     you adopt Linux kernel-style public forum workflow.
 
 Examples
@@ -189,7 +180,7 @@ $ git pull <3>
 $ git log -p ORIG_HEAD.. arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <4>
 $ git pull git://git.kernel.org/pub/.../jgarzik/libata-dev.git ALL <5>
 $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <6>
-$ git prune <7>
+$ git gc <7>
 $ git fetch --tags <8>
 ------------
 +
@@ -265,17 +256,17 @@ project receives changes made by others, reviews and integrates
 them and publishes the result for others to use, using these
 commands in addition to the ones needed by participants.
 
-  * gitlink:git-am[1] to apply patches e-mailed in from your
+  * linkgit:git-am[1] to apply patches e-mailed in from your
     contributors.
 
-  * gitlink:git-pull[1] to merge from your trusted lieutenants.
+  * linkgit:git-pull[1] to merge from your trusted lieutenants.
 
-  * gitlink:git-format-patch[1] to prepare and send suggested
+  * linkgit:git-format-patch[1] to prepare and send suggested
     alternative to contributors.
 
-  * gitlink:git-revert[1] to undo botched commits.
+  * linkgit:git-revert[1] to undo botched commits.
 
-  * gitlink:git-push[1] to publish the bleeding edge.
+  * linkgit:git-push[1] to publish the bleeding edge.
 
 
 Examples
@@ -300,7 +291,7 @@ $ git merge topic/one topic/two && git merge hold/linus <8>
 $ git checkout maint
 $ git cherry-pick master~4 <9>
 $ compile/test
-$ git tag -s -m 'GIT 0.99.9x' v0.99.9x <10>
+$ git tag -s -m "GIT 0.99.9x" v0.99.9x <10>
 $ git fetch ko && git show-branch master maint 'tags/ko-*' <11>
 $ git push ko <12>
 $ git push ko v0.99.9x <13>
@@ -350,10 +341,10 @@ Repository Administration[[Repository Administration]]
 A repository administrator uses the following tools to set up
 and maintain access to the repository by developers.
 
-  * gitlink:git-daemon[1] to allow anonymous download from
+  * linkgit:git-daemon[1] to allow anonymous download from
     repository.
 
-  * gitlink:git-shell[1] can be used as a 'restricted login shell'
+  * linkgit:git-shell[1] can be used as a 'restricted login shell'
     for shared central repository users.
 
 link:howto/update-hook-example.txt[update hook howto] has a good
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index 5b4d184a73..d313795fdb 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -1,28 +1,45 @@
--a, \--append::
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Pass --quiet to git-fetch-pack and silence any other internally
+	used programs.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be verbose.
+
+-a::
+--append::
 	Append ref names and object names of fetched refs to the
 	existing contents of `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  Without this
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
-\--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
-        When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
-        by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
-        the command to specify non-default path for the command
-        run on the other end.
+--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
+	When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
+	by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
+	the command to specify non-default path for the command
+	run on the other end.
 
--f, \--force::
-	When `git-fetch` is used with `<rbranch>:<lbranch>`
+-f::
+--force::
+	When 'git-fetch' is used with `<rbranch>:<lbranch>`
 	refspec, it refuses to update the local branch
 	`<lbranch>` unless the remote branch `<rbranch>` it
 	fetches is a descendant of `<lbranch>`.  This option
 	overrides that check.
 
-\--no-tags::
-	By default, `git-fetch` fetches tags that point at
-	objects that are downloaded from the remote repository
-	and stores them locally.  This option disables this
-	automatic tag following.
+ifdef::git-pull[]
+--no-tags::
+endif::git-pull[]
+ifndef::git-pull[]
+-n::
+--no-tags::
+endif::git-pull[]
+	By default, tags that point at objects that are downloaded
+	from the remote repository are fetched and stored locally.
+	This option disables this automatic tag following.
 
--t, \--tags::
+-t::
+--tags::
 	Most of the tags are fetched automatically as branch
 	heads are downloaded, but tags that do not point at
 	objects reachable from the branch heads that are being
@@ -30,19 +47,20 @@
 	flag lets all tags and their associated objects be
 	downloaded.
 
--k, \--keep::
+-k::
+--keep::
 	Keep downloaded pack.
 
--u, \--update-head-ok::
-	By default `git-fetch` refuses to update the head which
+-u::
+--update-head-ok::
+	By default 'git-fetch' refuses to update the head which
 	corresponds to the current branch.  This flag disables the
-	check.  This is purely for the internal use for `git-pull`
-	to communicate with `git-fetch`, and unless you are
+	check.  This is purely for the internal use for 'git-pull'
+	to communicate with 'git-fetch', and unless you are
 	implementing your own Porcelain you are not supposed to
 	use it.
 
-\--depth=<depth>::
+--depth=<depth>::
 	Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
-	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see gitlink:git-clone[1])
+	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
 	by the specified number of commits.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/fix-texi.perl b/Documentation/fix-texi.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ff7d78f620
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fix-texi.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
+while (<>) {
+	if (/^\@setfilename/) {
+		$_ = "\@setfilename git.info\n";
+	} elsif (/^\@direntry/) {
+		print '@dircategory Development
+@direntry
+* Git: (git).           A fast distributed revision control system
+@end direntry
+';	}
+	unless (/^\@direntry/../^\@end direntry/) {
+		print;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index 755d7186f5..ab1943c712 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -3,40 +3,48 @@ git-add(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-add - Add file contents to the changeset to be committed next
+git-add - Add file contents to the index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-add' [-n] [-v] [-f] [--interactive | -i] [--] <file>...
+[verse]
+'git add' [-n] [-v] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
+	  [--edit | -e] [--all | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N]
+	  [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--] <filepattern>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-All the changed file contents to be committed together in a single set
-of changes must be "added" with the 'add' command before using the
-'commit' command.  This is not only for adding new files.  Even modified
-files must be added to the set of changes about to be committed.
-
-This command can be performed multiple times before a commit. The added
-content corresponds to the state of specified file(s) at the time the
-'add' command is used. This means the 'commit' command will not consider
-subsequent changes to already added content if it is not added again before
-the commit.
-
-The 'git status' command can be used to obtain a summary of what is included
-for the next commit.
-
-This command can be used to add ignored files with `-f` (force)
-option, but they have to be
-explicitly and exactly specified from the command line.  File globbing
-and recursive behaviour do not add ignored files.
-
-Please see gitlink:git-commit[1] for alternative ways to add content to a
+This command adds the current content of new or modified files to the
+index, thus staging that content for inclusion in the next commit.
+
+The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
+is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit.  Thus
+after making any changes to the working directory, and before running
+the commit command, you must use the 'add' command to add any new or
+modified files to the index.
+
+This command can be performed multiple times before a commit.  It only
+adds the content of the specified file(s) at the time the add command is
+run; if you want subsequent changes included in the next commit, then
+you must run 'git add' again to add the new content to the index.
+
+The 'git status' command can be used to obtain a summary of which
+files have changes that are staged for the next commit.
+
+The 'git add' command will not add ignored files by default.  If any
+ignored files were explicitly specified on the command line, 'git add'
+will fail with a list of ignored files.  Ignored files reached by
+directory recursion or filename globbing performed by Git (quote your
+globs before the shell) will be silently ignored.  The 'add' command can
+be used to add ignored files with the `-f` (force) option.
+
+Please see linkgit:git-commit[1] for alternative ways to add content to a
 commit.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<file>...::
+<filepattern>...::
 	Files to add content from.  Fileglobs (e.g. `*.c`) can
 	be given to add all matching files.  Also a
 	leading directory name (e.g. `dir` to add `dir/file1`
@@ -44,17 +52,72 @@ OPTIONS
 	directory, recursively.
 
 -n::
+--dry-run::
         Don't actually add the file(s), just show if they exist.
 
 -v::
+--verbose::
         Be verbose.
 
 -f::
+--force::
 	Allow adding otherwise ignored files.
 
--i, \--interactive::
+-i::
+--interactive::
 	Add modified contents in the working tree interactively to
-	the index.
+	the index. Optional path arguments may be supplied to limit
+	operation to a subset of the working tree. See ``Interactive
+	mode'' for details.
+
+-p::
+--patch::
+	Similar to Interactive mode but the initial command loop is
+	bypassed and the 'patch' subcommand is invoked using each of
+	the specified filepatterns before exiting.
+
+-e, \--edit::
+	Open the diff vs. the index in an editor and let the user
+	edit it.  After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers
+	and apply the patch to the index.
++
+*NOTE*: Obviously, if you change anything else than the first character
+on lines beginning with a space or a minus, the patch will no longer
+apply.
+
+-u::
+--update::
+	Update only files that git already knows about, staging modified
+	content for commit and marking deleted files for removal. This
+	is similar
+	to what "git commit -a" does in preparation for making a commit,
+	except that the update is limited to paths specified on the
+	command line. If no paths are specified, all tracked files in the
+	current directory and its subdirectories are updated.
+
+-A::
+--all::
+	Update files that git already knows about (same as '\--update')
+	and add all untracked files that are not ignored by '.gitignore'
+	mechanism.
+
+
+-N::
+--intent-to-add::
+	Record only the fact that the path will be added later. An entry
+	for the path is placed in the index with no content. This is
+	useful for, among other things, showing the unstaged content of
+	such files with 'git diff' and committing them with 'git commit
+	-a'.
+
+--refresh::
+	Don't add the file(s), but only refresh their stat()
+	information in the index.
+
+--ignore-errors::
+	If some files could not be added because of errors indexing
+	them, do not abort the operation, but continue adding the
+	others. The command shall still exit with non-zero status.
 
 \--::
 	This option can be used to separate command-line options from
@@ -62,23 +125,38 @@ OPTIONS
 	for command-line options).
 
 
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+The optional configuration variable 'core.excludesfile' indicates a path to a
+file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add, similar to
+$GIT_DIR/info/exclude.  Patterns in the exclude file are used in addition to
+those in info/exclude.  See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5].
+
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
-git-add Documentation/\\*.txt::
 
-	Adds content from all `\*.txt` files under `Documentation`
-	directory and its subdirectories.
+* Adds content from all `\*.txt` files under `Documentation` directory
+and its subdirectories:
++
+------------
+$ git add Documentation/\\*.txt
+------------
 +
 Note that the asterisk `\*` is quoted from the shell in this
-example; this lets the command to include the files from
+example; this lets the command include the files from
 subdirectories of `Documentation/` directory.
 
-git-add git-*.sh::
-
-	Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts.
-	Because this example lets shell expand the asterisk
-	(i.e. you are listing the files explicitly), it does not
-	consider `subdir/git-foo.sh`.
+* Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts:
++
+------------
+$ git add git-*.sh
+------------
++
+Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you are
+listing the files explicitly), it does not consider
+`subdir/git-foo.sh`.
 
 Interactive mode
 ----------------
@@ -129,12 +207,13 @@ one deletion).
 
 update::
 
-   This shows the status information and gives prompt
-   "Update>>".  When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
+   This shows the status information and issues an "Update>>"
+   prompt.  When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
    make more than one selection, concatenated with whitespace or
    comma.  Also you can say ranges.  E.g. "2-5 7,9" to choose
-   2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list.  You can say '*' to choose
-   everything.
+   2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list.  If the second number in a range is
+   omitted, all remaining patches are taken.  E.g. "7-" to choose
+   7,8,9 from the list.  You can say '*' to choose everything.
 +
 What you chose are then highlighted with '*',
 like this:
@@ -168,21 +247,25 @@ add untracked::
 
 patch::
 
-  This lets you choose one path out of 'status' like selection.
-  After choosing the path, it presents diff between the index
+  This lets you choose one path out of a 'status' like selection.
+  After choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index
   and the working tree file and asks you if you want to stage
   the change of each hunk.  You can say:
 
-       y - add the change from that hunk to index
-       n - do not add the change from that hunk to index
-       a - add the change from that hunk and all the rest to index
-       d - do not the change from that hunk nor any of the rest to index
-       j - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the next
-           undecided hunk
-       J - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the next hunk
-       k - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the previous
-           undecided hunk
-       K - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the previous hunk
+       y - stage this hunk
+       n - do not stage this hunk
+       q - quit, do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
+       a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
+       d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
+       g - select a hunk to go to
+       / - search for a hunk matching the given regex
+       j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
+       J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
+       k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
+       K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
+       s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
+       e - manually edit the current hunk
+       ? - print help
 +
 After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk
 that was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks.
@@ -192,14 +275,14 @@ diff::
   This lets you review what will be committed (i.e. between
   HEAD and index).
 
-
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-status[1]
-gitlink:git-rm[1]
-gitlink:git-mv[1]
-gitlink:git-commit[1]
-gitlink:git-update-index[1]
+linkgit:git-status[1]
+linkgit:git-rm[1]
+linkgit:git-reset[1]
+linkgit:git-mv[1]
+linkgit:git-commit[1]
+linkgit:git-update-index[1]
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -211,5 +294,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 148ce40568..32e689b2bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ git-am - Apply a series of patches from a mailbox
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-am' [--signoff] [--dotest=<dir>] [--utf8 | --no-utf8] [--binary] [--3way]
-         [--interactive] [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>]
-	 <mbox>...
-'git-am' [--skip | --resolved]
+'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
+	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
+	 [--ignore-date]
+	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
+	 [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
+	 [<mbox> | <Maildir>...]
+'git am' (--skip | --resolved | --abort)
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,60 +25,78 @@ current branch.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<mbox>...::
+<mbox>|<Maildir>...::
 	The list of mailbox files to read patches from. If you do not
-	supply this argument, reads from the standard input.
+	supply this argument, the command reads from the standard input.
+	If you supply directories, they will be treated as Maildirs.
 
+-s::
 --signoff::
-	Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
+	Add a `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 	the committer identity of yourself.
 
---dotest=<dir>::
-	Instead of `.dotest` directory, use <dir> as a working
-	area to store extracted patches.
-
+-k::
 --keep::
-	Pass `-k` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
+	Pass `-k` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Be quiet. Only print error messages.
 
+-u::
 --utf8::
-	Pass `-u` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
+	Pass `-u` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 	The proposed commit log message taken from the e-mail
-	are re-coded into UTF-8 encoding (configuration variable
+	is re-coded into UTF-8 encoding (configuration variable
 	`i18n.commitencoding` can be used to specify project's
 	preferred encoding if it is not UTF-8).
 +
 This was optional in prior versions of git, but now it is the
-default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
+default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 --no-utf8::
-	Do not pass `-u` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see
-	gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
-
---binary::
-	Pass `--allow-binary-replacement` flag to `git-apply`
-	(see gitlink:git-apply[1]).
+	Pass `-n` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see
+	linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
+-3::
 --3way::
 	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on
-	3-way merge, if the patch records the identity of blobs
-	it is supposed to apply to, and we have those blobs
-	locally.
-
---skip::
-	Skip the current patch.  This is only meaningful when
-	restarting an aborted patch.
+	3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs
+	it is supposed to apply to and we have those blobs
+	available locally.
 
 --whitespace=<option>::
-	This flag is passed to the `git-apply` program that applies
-	the patch.
-
--C<n>, -p<n>::
-	These flags are passed to the `git-apply` program that applies
+-C<n>::
+-p<n>::
+--directory=<dir>::
+--reject::
+	These flags are passed to the 'git-apply' (see linkgit:git-apply[1])
+	program that applies
 	the patch.
 
+-i::
 --interactive::
-	Run interactively, just like git-applymbox.
+	Run interactively.
+
+--committer-date-is-author-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about the committer date by using the same
+	value as the author date.
+
+--ignore-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about the author date by using the same
+	value as the committer date.
 
+--skip::
+	Skip the current patch.  This is only meaningful when
+	restarting an aborted patch.
+
+-r::
 --resolved::
 	After a patch failure (e.g. attempting to apply
 	conflicting patch), the user has applied it by hand and
@@ -84,28 +105,38 @@ default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 	extracted from the e-mail message and the current index
 	file, and continue.
 
+--resolvemsg=<msg>::
+	When a patch failure occurs, <msg> will be printed
+	to the screen before exiting.  This overrides the
+	standard message informing you to use `--resolved`
+	or `--skip` to handle the failure.  This is solely
+	for internal use between 'git-rebase' and 'git-am'.
+
+--abort::
+	Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
+
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
 The commit author name is taken from the "From: " line of the
-message, and commit author time is taken from the "Date: " line
+message, and commit author date is taken from the "Date: " line
 of the message.  The "Subject: " line is used as the title of
 the commit, after stripping common prefix "[PATCH <anything>]".
-It is supposed to describe what the commit is about concisely as
-a one line text.
+The "Subject: " line is supposed to concisely describe what the
+commit is about in one line of text.
 
-The body of the message (iow, after a blank line that terminates
-RFC2822 headers) can begin with "Subject: " and "From: " lines
-that are different from those of the mail header, to override
-the values of these fields.
+"From: " and "Subject: " lines starting the body (the rest of the
+message after the blank line terminating the RFC2822 headers)
+override the respective commit author name and title values taken
+from the headers.
 
 The commit message is formed by the title taken from the
 "Subject: ", a blank line and the body of the message up to
-where the patch begins.  Excess whitespaces at the end of the
-lines are automatically stripped.
+where the patch begins.  Excess whitespace at the end of each
+line is automatically stripped.
 
 The patch is expected to be inline, directly following the
-message.  Any line that is of form:
+message.  Any line that is of the form:
 
 * three-dashes and end-of-line, or
 * a line that begins with "diff -", or
@@ -114,32 +145,37 @@ message.  Any line that is of form:
 is taken as the beginning of a patch, and the commit log message
 is terminated before the first occurrence of such a line.
 
-When initially invoking it, you give it names of the mailboxes
-to crunch.  Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
-aborts in the middle, just like 'git-applymbox' does.  You can
-recover from this in one of two ways:
+When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
+to process.  Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
+aborts in the middle.  You can recover from this in one of two ways:
 
-. skip the current one by re-running the command with '--skip'
+. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
   option.
 
 . hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
-  the index file to bring it in a state that the patch should
-  have produced.  Then run the command with '--resolved' option.
+  the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
+  have produced.  Then run the command with the '--resolved' option.
 
-The command refuses to process new mailboxes while `.dotest`
+The command refuses to process new mailboxes while the `.git/rebase-apply`
 directory exists, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
-run `rm -f .dotest` before running the command with mailbox
+run `rm -f -r .git/rebase-apply` before running the command with mailbox
 names.
 
+Before any patches are applied, ORIG_HEAD is set to the tip of the
+current branch.  This is useful if you have problems with multiple
+commits, like running 'git am' on the wrong branch or an error in the
+commits that is more easily fixed by changing the mailbox (e.g.
+errors in the "From:" lines).
+
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-applymbox[1], gitlink:git-applypatch[1], gitlink:git-apply[1].
+linkgit:git-apply[1].
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -147,5 +183,4 @@ Documentation by Petr Baudis, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.o
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
index 7baf73111b..0590eec056 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
@@ -3,37 +3,29 @@ git-annotate(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit info
+git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit information
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-git-annotate [options] file [revision]
+'git annotate' [options] file [revision]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Annotates each line in the given file with information from the commit
-which introduced the line. Optionally annotate from a given revision.
+which introduced the line. Optionally annotates from a given revision.
+
+The only difference between this command and linkgit:git-blame[1] is that
+they use slightly different output formats, and this command exists only
+for backward compatibility to support existing scripts, and provide a more
+familiar command name for people coming from other SCM systems.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--l, --long::
-	Show long rev (Defaults off).
-
--t, --time::
-	Show raw timestamp (Defaults off).
-
--r, --rename::
-	Follow renames (Defaults on).
-
--S, --rev-file <revs-file>::
-	Use revs from revs-file instead of calling git-rev-list.
-
--h, --help::
-	Show help message.
+include::blame-options.txt[]
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-blame[1]
+linkgit:git-blame[1]
 
 AUTHOR
 ------
@@ -41,4 +33,4 @@ Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index 065ba1bf24..735374d7df 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -3,27 +3,29 @@ git-apply(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-apply - Apply a patch on a git index file and a working tree
+git-apply - Apply a patch on a git index file and/or a working tree
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--apply]
-	  [--no-add] [--index-info] [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary]
-	  [-R | --reverse] [--reject] [-z] [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--inaccurate-eof]
-	  [--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|error|error-all|strip>] [--exclude=PATH]
-	  [--cached] [--verbose] [<patch>...]
+'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index]
+	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
+	  [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
+	  [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
+	  [--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all>]
+	  [--exclude=PATH] [--include=PATH] [--directory=<root>]
+	  [--verbose] [<patch>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads supplied diff output and applies it on a git index file
+Reads supplied 'diff' output and applies it on a git index file
 and a work tree.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <patch>...::
-	The files to read patch from.  '-' can be used to read
+	The files to read the patch from.  '-' can be used to read
 	from the standard input.
 
 --stat::
@@ -31,8 +33,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	input.  Turns off "apply".
 
 --numstat::
-	Similar to \--stat, but shows number of added and
-	deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
+	Similar to \--stat, but shows the number of added and
+	deleted lines in decimal notation and the pathname without
 	abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly.  For
 	binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
 	`0 0`.  Turns off "apply".
@@ -58,22 +60,26 @@ OPTIONS
 	causes the index file to be updated.
 
 --cached::
-	Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead, take the
-	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index,
+	Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead take the
+	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
 	without using the working tree. This implies '--index'.
 
---index-info::
-	Newer git-diff output has embedded 'index information'
+--build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
+	Newer 'git-diff' output has embedded 'index information'
 	for each blob to help identify the original version that
 	the patch applies to.  When this flag is given, and if
-	the original version of the blob is available locally,
-	outputs information about them to the standard output.
+	the original versions of the blobs are available locally,
+	builds a temporary index containing those blobs.
++
+When a pure mode change is encountered (which has no index information),
+the information is read from the current index instead.
 
--R, --reverse::
+-R::
+--reverse::
 	Apply the patch in reverse.
 
 --reject::
-	For atomicity, gitlink:git-apply[1] by default fails the whole patch and
+	For atomicity, 'git-apply' by default fails the whole patch and
 	does not touch the working tree when some of the hunks
 	do not apply.  This option makes it apply
 	the parts of the patch that are applicable, and leave the
@@ -97,30 +103,31 @@ OPTIONS
 	ever ignored.
 
 --unidiff-zero::
-	By default, gitlink:git-apply[1] expects that the patch being
+	By default, 'git-apply' expects that the patch being
 	applied is a unified diff with at least one line of context.
 	This provides good safety measures, but breaks down when
 	applying a diff generated with --unified=0. To bypass these
 	checks use '--unidiff-zero'.
 +
-Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches are
+Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches is
 discouraged.
 
 --apply::
 	If you use any of the options marked "Turns off
-	'apply'" above, gitlink:git-apply[1] reads and outputs the
-	information you asked without actually applying the
+	'apply'" above, 'git-apply' reads and outputs the
+	requested information without actually applying the
 	patch.  Give this flag after those flags to also apply
 	the patch.
 
 --no-add::
 	When applying a patch, ignore additions made by the
-	patch.  This can be used to extract common part between
-	two files by first running `diff` on them and applying
+	patch.  This can be used to extract the common part between
+	two files by first running 'diff' on them and applying
 	the result with this option, which would apply the
-	deletion part but not addition part.
+	deletion part but not the addition part.
 
---allow-binary-replacement, --binary::
+--allow-binary-replacement::
+--binary::
 	Historically we did not allow binary patch applied
 	without an explicit permission from the user, and this
 	flag was the way to do so.  Currently we always allow binary
@@ -131,38 +138,70 @@ discouraged.
 	be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to exclude certain
 	files or directories.
 
---whitespace=<option>::
-	When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line
-	that ends with trailing whitespaces (this includes a
-	line that solely consists of whitespaces).  By default,
-	the command outputs warning messages and applies the
-	patch.
-	When gitlink:git-apply[1] is used for statistics and not applying a
-	patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
-	You can use different `<option>` to control this
-	behavior:
+--include=<path-pattern>::
+	Apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
+	be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to include certain
+	files or directories.
++
+When --exclude and --include patterns are used, they are examined in the
+order they appear on the command line, and the first match determines if a
+patch to each path is used.  A patch to a path that does not match any
+include/exclude pattern is used by default if there is no include pattern
+on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.
+
+--whitespace=<action>::
+	When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line that has
+	whitespace errors.  What are considered whitespace errors is
+	controlled by `core.whitespace` configuration.  By default,
+	trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of
+	whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed
+	by a tab character inside the initial indent of the line are
+	considered whitespace errors.
++
+By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.
+When `git-apply` is used for statistics and not applying a
+patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
++
+You can use different `<action>` values to control this
+behavior:
 +
 * `nowarn` turns off the trailing whitespace warning.
 * `warn` outputs warnings for a few such errors, but applies the
-  patch (default).
+  patch as-is (default).
+* `fix` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
+  patch after fixing them (`strip` is a synonym --- the tool
+  used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
+  fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern gits do more).
 * `error` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
   to apply the patch.
 * `error-all` is similar to `error` but shows all errors.
-* `strip` outputs warnings for a few such errors, strips out the
-  trailing whitespaces and applies the patch.
 
 --inaccurate-eof::
-	Under certain circumstances, some versions of diff do not correctly
+	Under certain circumstances, some versions of 'diff' do not correctly
 	detect a missing new-line at the end of the file. As a result, patches
-	created by such diff programs do not record incomplete lines
+	created by such 'diff' programs do not record incomplete lines
 	correctly. This option adds support for applying such patches by
 	working around this bug.
 
+-v::
 --verbose::
 	Report progress to stderr. By default, only a message about the
 	current patch being applied will be printed. This option will cause
 	additional information to be reported.
 
+--recount::
+	Do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers, but infer them
+	by inspecting the patch (e.g. after editing the patch without
+	adjusting the hunk headers appropriately).
+
+--directory=<root>::
+	Prepend <root> to all filenames.  If a "-p" argument was also passed,
+	it is applied before prepending the new root.
++
+For example, a patch that talks about updating `a/git-gui.sh` to `b/git-gui.sh`
+can be applied to the file in the working tree `modules/git-gui/git-gui.sh` by
+running `git apply --directory=modules/git-gui`.
+
 Configuration
 -------------
 
@@ -170,6 +209,20 @@ apply.whitespace::
 	When no `--whitespace` flag is given from the command
 	line, this configuration item is used as the default.
 
+Submodules
+----------
+If the patch contains any changes to submodules then 'git-apply'
+treats these changes as follows.
+
+If --index is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
+commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply.  If any
+of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
+ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up-to-date or clean and they
+are not updated.
+
+If --index is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
+are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
+subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -181,5 +234,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-applymbox.txt b/Documentation/git-applymbox.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 95dc65a583..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-applymbox.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-git-applymbox(1)
-================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-applymbox - Apply a series of patches in a mailbox
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-applymbox' [-u] [-k] [-q] [-m] ( -c .dotest/<num> | <mbox> ) [ <signoff> ]
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Splits mail messages in a mailbox into commit log message,
-authorship information and patches, and applies them to the
-current branch.
-
-
-OPTIONS
--------
--q::
-	Apply patches interactively.  The user will be given
-	opportunity to edit the log message and the patch before
-	attempting to apply it.
-
--k::
-	Usually the program 'cleans up' the Subject: header line
-	to extract the title line for the commit log message,
-	among which (1) remove 'Re:' or 're:', (2) leading
-	whitespaces, (3) '[' up to ']', typically '[PATCH]', and
-	then prepends "[PATCH] ".  This flag forbids this
-	munging, and is most useful when used to read back 'git
-	format-patch --mbox' output.
-
--m::
-	Patches are applied with `git-apply` command, and unless
-	it cleanly applies without fuzz, the processing fails.
-	With this flag, if a tree that the patch applies cleanly
-	is found in a repository, the patch is applied to the
-	tree and then a 3-way merge between the resulting tree
-	and the current tree.
-
--u::
-	The commit log message, author name and author email are
-	taken from the e-mail, and after minimally decoding MIME
-	transfer encoding, re-coded in UTF-8 by transliterating
-	them.  This used to be optional but now it is the default.
-+
-Note that the patch is always used as-is without charset
-conversion, even with this flag.
-
--c .dotest/<num>::
-	When the patch contained in an e-mail does not cleanly
-	apply, the command exits with an error message. The
-	patch and extracted message are found in .dotest/, and
-	you could re-run 'git applymbox' with '-c .dotest/<num>'
-	flag to restart the process after inspecting and fixing
-	them.
-
-<mbox>::
-	The name of the file that contains the e-mail messages
-	with patches.  This file should be in the UNIX mailbox
-	format.  See 'SubmittingPatches' document to learn about
-	the formatting convention for e-mail submission.
-
-<signoff>::
-	The name of the file that contains your "Signed-off-by"
-	line.  See 'SubmittingPatches' document to learn what
-	"Signed-off-by" line means.  You can also just say
-	'yes', 'true', 'me', or 'please' to use an automatically
-	generated "Signed-off-by" line based on your committer
-	identity.
-
-
-SEE ALSO
---------
-gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-applypatch[1].
-
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-applypatch.txt b/Documentation/git-applypatch.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 451434a757..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-applypatch.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-git-applypatch(1)
-=================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-applypatch - Apply one patch extracted from an e-mail
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-applypatch' <msg> <patch> <info> [<signoff>]
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-This is usually not what an end user wants to run directly.  See
-gitlink:git-am[1] instead.
-
-Takes three files <msg>, <patch>, and <info> prepared from an
-e-mail message by 'git-mailinfo', and creates a commit.  It is
-usually not necessary to use this command directly.
-
-This command can run `applypatch-msg`, `pre-applypatch`, and
-`post-applypatch` hooks.  See link:hooks.html[hooks] for more
-information.
-
-
-OPTIONS
--------
-<msg>::
-	Commit log message (sans the first line, which comes
-	from e-mail Subject stored in <info>).
-
-<patch>::
-	The patch to apply.
-
-<info>::
-	Author and subject information extracted from e-mail,
-	used on "author" line and as the first line of the
-	commit log message.
-
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
index 82cb41d279..c7a6e3ec05 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-archimport - Import an Arch repository into git
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D depth] [-t tempdir]
+'git archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D depth] [-t tempdir]
                <archive/branch>[:<git-branch>] ...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -17,29 +17,29 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Imports a project from one or more Arch repositories. It will follow branches
 and repositories within the namespaces defined by the <archive/branch>
 parameters supplied. If it cannot find the remote branch a merge comes from
-it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it 
-as a merge whenever possible (see discussion below). 
+it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it
+as a merge whenever possible (see discussion below).
 
-The script expects you to provide the key roots where it can start the import 
-from an 'initial import' or 'tag' type of Arch commit. It will follow and 
-import new branches within the provided roots. 
+The script expects you to provide the key roots where it can start the import
+from an 'initial import' or 'tag' type of Arch commit. It will follow and
+import new branches within the provided roots.
 
-It expects to be dealing with one project only. If it sees 
-branches that have different roots, it will refuse to run. In that case, 
-edit your <archive/branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the 
-import. 
+It expects to be dealing with one project only. If it sees
+branches that have different roots, it will refuse to run. In that case,
+edit your <archive/branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the
+import.
 
-`git-archimport` uses `tla` extensively in the background to access the 
+'git-archimport' uses `tla` extensively in the background to access the
 Arch repository.
 Make sure you have a recent version of `tla` available in the path. `tla` must
-know about the repositories you pass to `git-archimport`. 
+know about the repositories you pass to 'git-archimport'.
 
-For the initial import `git-archimport` expects to find itself in an empty 
-directory. To follow the development of a project that uses Arch, rerun 
-`git-archimport` with the same parameters as the initial import to perform 
+For the initial import, 'git-archimport' expects to find itself in an empty
+directory. To follow the development of a project that uses Arch, rerun
+'git-archimport' with the same parameters as the initial import to perform
 incremental imports.
 
-While git-archimport will try to create sensible branch names for the
+While 'git-archimport' will try to create sensible branch names for the
 archives that it imports, it is also possible to specify git branch names
 manually.  To do so, write a git branch name after each <archive/branch>
 parameter, separated by a colon.  This way, you can shorten the Arch
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ convert Arch repositories that had been rotated periodically.
 
 MERGES
 ------
-Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in git as well. git 
+Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in git as well. git
 does not care much about tracking patches, and only considers a merge when a
 branch incorporates all the commits since the point they forked. The end result
-is that git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the 
+is that git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the
 import process does lose some patch-trading metadata.
 
-Fortunately, when you try and merge branches imported from Arch, 
-git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying 
-patches that have been traded out-of-sequence between the branches. 
+Fortunately, when you try and merge branches imported from Arch,
+git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying
+patches that have been traded out-of-sequence between the branches.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	Display usage.
 
 -v::
-	Verbose output. 
+	Verbose output.
 
 -T::
-	Many tags. Will create a tag for every commit, reflecting the commit 
+	Many tags. Will create a tag for every commit, reflecting the commit
 	name in the Arch repository.
 
 -f::
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -o::
 	Use this for compatibility with old-style branch names used by
-	earlier versions of git-archimport.  Old-style branch names
+	earlier versions of 'git-archimport'.  Old-style branch names
 	were category--branch, whereas new-style branch names are
 	archive,category--branch--version.  In both cases, names given
 	on the command-line will override the automatically-generated
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 
 <archive/branch>::
-	Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands. 
+	Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
 
 
 Author
@@ -117,5 +117,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano, Martin Langhoff and the git-list <git@vger.kern
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
index 8d1041598e..bc132c87e1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
@@ -3,23 +3,27 @@ git-archive(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-archive - Creates an archive of files from a named tree
+git-archive - Create an archive of files from a named tree
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-archive' --format=<fmt> [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
-	      [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [path...]
+[verse]
+'git archive' --format=<fmt> [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
+	      [--output=<file>] [--worktree-attributes]
+	      [--remote=<repo> [--exec=<git-upload-archive>]] <tree-ish>
+	      [path...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Creates an archive of the specified format containing the tree
-structure for the named tree.  If <prefix> is specified it is
+structure for the named tree, and writes it out to the standard
+output.  If <prefix> is specified it is
 prepended to the filenames in the archive.
 
 'git-archive' behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when
 given a commit ID or tag ID.  In the first case the current time is
-used as modification time of each file in the archive.  In the latter
+used as the modification time of each file in the archive.  In the latter
 case the commit time as recorded in the referenced commit object is
 used instead.  Additionally the commit ID is stored in a global
 extended pax header if the tar format is used; it can be extracted
@@ -30,23 +34,38 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 --format=<fmt>::
-	Format of the resulting archive: 'tar', 'zip'...  The default
+	Format of the resulting archive: 'tar' or 'zip'.  The default
 	is 'tar'.
 
+-l::
 --list::
 	Show all available formats.
 
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Report progress to stderr.
+
 --prefix=<prefix>/::
 	Prepend <prefix>/ to each filename in the archive.
 
+--output=<file>::
+	Write the archive to <file> instead of stdout.
+
+--worktree-attributes::
+	Look for attributes in .gitattributes in working directory too.
+
 <extra>::
-	This can be any options that the archiver backend understand.
+	This can be any options that the archiver backend understands.
 	See next section.
 
 --remote=<repo>::
-	Instead of making a tar archive from local repository,
+	Instead of making a tar archive from the local repository,
 	retrieve a tar archive from a remote repository.
 
+--exec=<git-upload-archive>::
+	Used with --remote to specify the path to the
+	'git-upload-archive' on the remote side.
+
 <tree-ish>::
 	The tree or commit to produce an archive for.
 
@@ -68,23 +87,32 @@ zip
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-By default, file and directories modes are set to 0666 or 0777 in tar
-archives.  It is possible to change this by setting the "umask" variable
-in the repository configuration as follows :
 
-[tar]
-        umask = 002	;# group friendly
+tar.umask::
+	This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of
+	tar archive entries.  The default is 0002, which turns off the
+	world write bit.  The special value "user" indicates that the
+	archiving user's umask will be used instead.  See umask(2) for
+	details.
+
+ATTRIBUTES
+----------
 
-The special umask value "user" indicates that the user's current umask
-will be used instead. The default value remains 0, which means world
-readable/writable files and directories.
+export-ignore::
+	Files and directories with the attribute export-ignore won't be
+	added to archive files.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+export-subst::
+	If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then git will
+	expand several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.
+	See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 git archive --format=tar --prefix=junk/ HEAD | (cd /var/tmp/ && tar xf -)::
 
 	Create a tar archive that contains the contents of the
-	latest commit on the current branch, and extracts it in
+	latest commit on the current branch, and extract it in the
 	`/var/tmp/junk` directory.
 
 git archive --format=tar --prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz::
@@ -101,6 +129,11 @@ git archive --format=zip --prefix=git-docs/ HEAD:Documentation/ > git-1.4.0-docs
 	Put everything in the current head's Documentation/ directory
 	into 'git-1.4.0-docs.zip', with the prefix 'git-docs/'.
 
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitattributes[5]
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Franck Bui-Huu and Rene Scharfe.
@@ -111,4 +144,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index 5f68ee1584..63e7a42cb3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -3,35 +3,44 @@ git-bisect(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-bisect - Find the change that introduced a bug by binary search
+git-bisect - Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git bisect' <subcommand> <options> 
+'git bisect' <subcommand> <options>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending
 on the subcommand:
 
+ git bisect help
  git bisect start [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
- git bisect bad <rev>
- git bisect good <rev>
+ git bisect bad [<rev>]
+ git bisect good [<rev>...]
+ git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
  git bisect reset [<branch>]
  git bisect visualize
  git bisect replay <logfile>
  git bisect log
  git bisect run <cmd>...
 
-This command uses 'git-rev-list --bisect' option to help drive the
+This command uses 'git rev-list --bisect' to help drive the
 binary search process to find which change introduced a bug, given an
 old "good" commit object name and a later "bad" commit object name.
 
+Getting help
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Use "git bisect" to get a short usage description, and "git bisect
+help" or "git bisect -h" to get a long usage description.
+
 Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The way you use it is:
+Using the Linux kernel tree as an example, basic use of the bisect
+command is as follows:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect start
@@ -40,115 +49,159 @@ $ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2    # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
                                  # tested that was good
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-When you give at least one bad and one good versions, it will bisect
-the revision tree and say something like:
+When you have specified at least one bad and one good version, the
+command bisects the revision tree and outputs something similar to
+the following:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and check out the state in the middle. Now, compile that kernel, and
-boot it. Now, let's say that this booted kernel works fine, then just
-do
+The state in the middle of the set of revisions is then checked out.
+You would now compile that kernel and boot it. If the booted kernel
+works correctly, you would then issue the following command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect good			# this one is good
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-which will now say
+The output of this command would be something similar to the following:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and you continue along, compiling that one, testing it, and depending
-on whether it is good or bad, you say "git bisect good" or "git bisect
-bad", and ask for the next bisection.
+You keep repeating this process, compiling the tree, testing it, and
+depending on whether it is good or bad issuing the command "git bisect good"
+or "git bisect bad" to ask for the next bisection.
 
-Until you have no more left, and you'll have been left with the first
-bad kernel rev in "refs/bisect/bad".
+Eventually there will be no more revisions left to bisect, and you
+will have been left with the first bad kernel revision in "refs/bisect/bad".
 
 Bisect reset
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Oh, and then after you want to reset to the original head, do a
+To return to the original head after a bisect session, issue the
+following command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect reset
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-to get back to the master branch, instead of being in one of the
-bisection branches ("git bisect start" will do that for you too,
-actually: it will reset the bisection state, and before it does that
-it checks that you're not using some old bisection branch).
+This resets the tree to the original branch instead of being on the
+bisection commit ("git bisect start" will also do that, as it resets
+the bisection state).
 
 Bisect visualize
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-During the bisection process, you can say
+To see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk', issue the following
+command during the bisection process:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect visualize
 ------------
 
-to see the currently remaining suspects in `gitk`.
+`view` may also be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
+
+If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
+instead.  You can also give command line options such as `-p` and
+`--stat`.
+
+------------
+$ git bisect view --stat
+------------
 
 Bisect log and bisect replay
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The good/bad input is logged, and
+After having marked revisions as good or bad, issue the following
+command to show what has been done so far:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect log
 ------------
 
-shows what you have done so far. You can truncate its output somewhere
-and save it in a file, and run
+If you discover that you made a mistake in specifying the status of a
+revision, you can save the output of this command to a file, edit it to
+remove the incorrect entries, and then issue the following commands to
+return to a corrected state:
 
 ------------
+$ git bisect reset
 $ git bisect replay that-file
 ------------
 
-if you find later you made a mistake telling good/bad about a
-revision.
-
-Avoiding to test a commit
+Avoiding testing a commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If in a middle of bisect session, you know what the bisect suggested
-to try next is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
+If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the next suggested
+revision is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
 introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
 does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
-want to find a near-by commit and try that instead.
+want to find a nearby commit and try that instead.
 
-It goes something like this:
+For example:
 
 ------------
-$ git bisect good/bad			# previous round was good/bad.
+$ git bisect good/bad			# previous round was good or bad.
 Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
 $ git bisect visualize			# oops, that is uninteresting.
-$ git reset --hard HEAD~3		# try 3 revs before what
+$ git reset --hard HEAD~3		# try 3 revisions before what
 					# was suggested
 ------------
 
-Then compile and test the one you chose to try. After that, tell
-bisect what the result was as usual.
+Then compile and test the chosen revision, and afterwards mark
+the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.
+
+Bisect skip
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask git
+to do it for you by issuing the command:
+
+------------
+$ git bisect skip                 # Current version cannot be tested
+------------
+
+But git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
+a bad commit and one or more skipped commits.
+
+You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
+using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example:
+
+------------
+$ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6
+------------
+
+This tells the bisect process that no commit after `v2.5`, up to and
+including `v2.6`, should be tested.
+
+Note that if you also want to skip the first commit of the range you
+would issue the command:
+
+------------
+$ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6
+------------
+
+This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` included
+and `v2.6` included should be skipped.
+
 
 Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-You can further cut down the number of trials if you know what part of
-the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by giving
-paths parameters when you say `bisect start`, like this:
+You can further cut down the number of trials, if you know what part of
+the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by specifying
+path parameters when issuing the `bisect start` command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect start -- arch/i386 include/asm-i386
 ------------
 
-If you know beforehand more than one good commits, you can narrow the
-bisect space down without doing the whole tree checkout every time you
-give good commits. You give the bad revision immediately after `start`
-and then you give all the good revisions you have:
+If you know beforehand more than one good commit, you can narrow the
+bisect space down by specifying all of the good commits immediately after
+the bad commit when issuing the `bisect start` command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect start v2.6.20-rc6 v2.6.20-rc4 v2.6.20-rc1 --
@@ -160,34 +213,103 @@ Bisect run
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good
-or bad, you can automatically bisect using:
+or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:
 
 ------------
-$ git bisect run my_script
+$ git bisect run my_script arguments
 ------------
 
-Note that the "run" script (`my_script` in the above example) should
-exit with code 0 in case the current source code is good and with a
-code between 1 and 127 (included) in case the current source code is
-bad.
+Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should
+exit with code 0 if the current source code is good, and exit with a
+code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current
+source code is bad.
+
+Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
+that a program that terminates via "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, (see the
+exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with "& 0377".
+
+The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
+cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
+revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above).
+
+You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
+temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
+header file, or "revision that does not have this commit needs this
+patch applied to work around another problem this bisection is not
+interested in") applied to the revision being tested.
+
+To cope with such a situation, after the inner 'git bisect' finds the
+next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
+before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
+revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
+rewind the tree to the pristine state.  Finally the script should exit
+with the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop
+determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
-Any other exit code will abort the automatic bisect process. (A
-program that does "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, see exit(3) manual page,
-the value is chopped with "& 0377".)
+* Automatically bisect a broken build between v1.2 and HEAD:
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start HEAD v1.2 --      # HEAD is bad, v1.2 is good
+$ git bisect run make                # "make" builds the app
+------------
 
-You may often find that during bisect you want to have near-constant
-tweaks (e.g., s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a header file, or
-"revision that does not have this commit needs this patch applied to
-work around other problem this bisection is not interested in")
-applied to the revision being tested.
+* Automatically bisect a test failure between origin and HEAD:
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start HEAD origin --    # HEAD is bad, origin is good
+$ git bisect run make test           # "make test" builds and tests
+------------
 
-To cope with such a situation, after the inner git-bisect finds the
-next revision to test, with the "run" script, you can apply that tweak
-before compiling, run the real test, and after the test decides if the
-revision (possibly with the needed tweaks) passed the test, rewind the
-tree to the pristine state.  Finally the "run" script can exit with
-the status of the real test to let "git bisect run" command loop to
-know the outcome.
+* Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
++
+------------
+$ cat ~/test.sh
+#!/bin/sh
+make || exit 125                   # this skips broken builds
+make test                          # "make test" runs the test suite
+$ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 --    # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good
+$ git bisect run ~/test.sh
+------------
++
+Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
+fails, we skip the current commit.
++
+It is safer to use a custom script outside the repository to prevent
+interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the
+script.
++
+"make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and
+"exit 1" otherwise.
+
+* Automatically bisect a broken test case:
++
+------------
+$ cat ~/test.sh
+#!/bin/sh
+make || exit 125                     # this skips broken builds
+~/check_test_case.sh                 # does the test case passes ?
+$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
+$ git bisect run ~/test.sh
+------------
++
+Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
+and "exit 1" otherwise.
++
+It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are
+outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
+make and test processes and the scripts.
+
+* Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
+$ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ~/check_test_case.sh"
+------------
++
+Does the same as the previous example, but on a single line.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -199,5 +321,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index 5c9888d014..8c7b7b0838 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ git-blame - Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-blame' [-c] [-l] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-p] [--incremental] [-L n,m] [-S <revs-file>]
-            [-M] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>] [<rev> | --contents <file>] [--] <file>
+'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L n,m]
+            [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
+	    [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -17,10 +18,10 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which
 last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision.
 
-Also it can limit the range of lines annotated.
+The command can also limit the range of lines annotated.
 
-This report doesn't tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
-replaced; you need to use a tool such as gitlink:git-diff[1] or the "pickaxe"
+The report does not tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
+replaced; you need to use a tool such as 'git-diff' or the "pickaxe"
 interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
 
 Apart from supporting file annotation, git also supports searching the
@@ -37,63 +38,36 @@ ea4c7f9bf69e781dd0cd88d2bccb2bf5cc15c9a7 git-blame: Make the output
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--c, --compatibility::
-	Use the same output mode as gitlink:git-annotate[1] (Default: off).
+include::blame-options.txt[]
 
--L n,m::
-	Annotate only the specified line range (lines count from 1).
+-c::
+	Use the same output mode as linkgit:git-annotate[1] (Default: off).
 
--l, --long::
-	Show long rev (Default: off).
+--score-debug::
+	Include debugging information related to the movement of
+	lines between files (see `-C`) and lines moved within a
+	file (see `-M`).  The first number listed is the score.
+	This is the number of alphanumeric characters detected
+	as having been moved between or within files.  This must be above
+	a certain threshold for 'git-blame' to consider those lines
+	of code to have been moved.
 
--t, --time::
-	Show raw timestamp (Default: off).
+-f::
+--show-name::
+	Show the filename in the original commit.  By default
+	the filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
+	file with a different name, due to rename detection.
 
--S, --rev-file <revs-file>::
-	Use revs from revs-file instead of calling gitlink:git-rev-list[1].
+-n::
+--show-number::
+	Show the line number in the original commit (Default: off).
 
--f, --show-name::
-	Show filename in the original commit.  By default
-	filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
-	file with different name, due to rename detection.
+-s::
+	Suppress the author name and timestamp from the output.
 
--n, --show-number::
-	Show line number in the original commit (Default: off).
-
--p, --porcelain::
-	Show in a format designed for machine consumption.
-
---incremental::
-	Show the result incrementally in a format designed for
-	machine consumption.
-
---contents <file>::
-	When <rev> is not specified, the command annotates the
-	changes starting backwards from the working tree copy.
-	This flag makes the command pretend as if the working
-	tree copy has the contents of he named file (specify
-	`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
-
--M::
-	Detect moving lines in the file as well.  When a commit
-	moves a block of lines in a file (e.g. the original file
-	has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and
-	then A), traditional 'blame' algorithm typically blames
-	the lines that were moved up (i.e. B) to the parent and
-	assigns blame to the lines that were moved down (i.e. A)
-	to the child commit.  With this option, both groups of
-	lines are blamed on the parent.
-
--C::
-	In addition to `-M`, detect lines copied from other
-	files that were modified in the same commit.  This is
-	useful when you reorganize your program and move code
-	around across files.  When this option is given twice,
-	the command looks for copies from all other files in the
-	parent for the commit that creates the file in addition.
-
--h, --help::
-	Show help message.
+-w::
+	Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and
+	the child's to find where the lines came from.
 
 
 THE PORCELAIN FORMAT
@@ -105,17 +79,17 @@ header at the minimum has the first line which has:
 - 40-byte SHA-1 of the commit the line is attributed to;
 - the line number of the line in the original file;
 - the line number of the line in the final file;
-- on a line that starts a group of line from a different
+- on a line that starts a group of lines from a different
   commit than the previous one, the number of lines in this
   group.  On subsequent lines this field is absent.
 
 This header line is followed by the following information
 at least once for each commit:
 
-- author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
+- the author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
   ("author-time"), and timezone ("author-tz"); similarly
   for committer.
-- filename in the commit the line is attributed to.
+- the filename in the commit that the line is attributed to.
 - the first line of the commit log message ("summary").
 
 The contents of the actual line is output after the above
@@ -126,25 +100,25 @@ header elements later.
 SPECIFYING RANGES
 -----------------
 
-Unlike `git-blame` and `git-annotate` in older git, the extent
-of annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
+Unlike 'git-blame' and 'git-annotate' in older versions of git, the extent
+of the annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
 ranges.  When you are interested in finding the origin for
-ll. 40-60 for file `foo`, you can use `-L` option like these
+lines 40-60 for file `foo`, you can use the `-L` option like so
 (they mean the same thing -- both ask for 21 lines starting at
 line 40):
 
 	git blame -L 40,60 foo
 	git blame -L 40,+21 foo
 
-Also you can use regular expression to specify the line range.
+Also you can use a regular expression to specify the line range:
 
 	git blame -L '/^sub hello {/,/^}$/' foo
 
-would limit the annotation to the body of `hello` subroutine.
+which limits the annotation to the body of the `hello` subroutine.
 
-When you are not interested in changes older than the version
+When you are not interested in changes older than version
 v2.6.18, or changes older than 3 weeks, you can use revision
-range specifiers  similar to `git-rev-list`:
+range specifiers  similar to 'git-rev-list':
 
 	git blame v2.6.18.. -- foo
 	git blame --since=3.weeks -- foo
@@ -155,7 +129,7 @@ commit v2.6.18 or the most recent commit that is more than 3
 weeks old in the above example) are blamed for that range
 boundary commit.
 
-A particularly useful way is to see if an added file have lines
+A particularly useful way is to see if an added file has lines
 created by copy-and-paste from existing files.  Sometimes this
 indicates that the developer was being sloppy and did not
 refactor the code properly.  You can first find the commit that
@@ -188,36 +162,42 @@ annotated.
 +
 Line numbers count from 1.
 
-. The first time that commit shows up in the stream, it has various
+. The first time that a commit shows up in the stream, it has various
   other information about it printed out with a one-word tag at the
-  beginning of each line about that "extended commit info" (author,
-  email, committer, dates, summary etc).
+  beginning of each line describing the extra commit information (author,
+  email, committer, dates, summary, etc.).
 
-. Unlike Porcelain format, the filename information is always
+. Unlike the Porcelain format, the filename information is always
   given and terminates the entry:
 
 	"filename" <whitespace-quoted-filename-goes-here>
 +
-and thus it's really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
+and thus it is really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
 parser (which should be quite natural for most scripting languages).
 +
 [NOTE]
 For people who do parsing: to make it more robust, just ignore any
-lines in between the first and last one ("<sha1>" and "filename" lines)
-where you don't recognize the tag-words (or care about that particular
+lines between the first and last one ("<sha1>" and "filename" lines)
+where you do not recognize the tag words (or care about that particular
 one) at the beginning of the "extended information" lines. That way, if
 there is ever added information (like the commit encoding or extended
-commit commentary), a blame viewer won't ever care.
+commit commentary), a blame viewer will not care.
+
+
+MAPPING AUTHORS
+---------------
+
+include::mailmap.txt[]
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-annotate[1]
+linkgit:git-annotate[1]
 
 AUTHOR
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 603f87f3b5..ae201deb7a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -8,30 +8,42 @@ git-branch - List, create, or delete branches
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-branch' [--color | --no-color] [-r | -a]
-	   [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
-'git-branch' [--track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
-'git-branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
-'git-branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
+'git branch' [--color | --no-color] [-r | -a]
+	[-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
+	[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]]
+'git branch' [--track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
+'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
+'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-With no arguments given a list of existing branches
-will be shown, the current branch will be highlighted with an asterisk.
-Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking branches to be listed,
-and option `-a` shows both.
 
-In its second form, a new branch named <branchname> will be created.
+With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
+be highlighted with an asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
+branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both.
+
+With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
+(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
+named commit).  With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
+commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
+commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
+the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit> argument is missing it
+defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
+
+In the command's second form, a new branch named <branchname> will be created.
 It will start out with a head equal to the one given as <start-point>.
 If no <start-point> is given, the branch will be created with a head
 equal to that of the currently checked out branch.
 
-When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git can setup the
-branch so that gitlink:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from that
-remote branch.  If this behavior is desired, it is possible to make it
-the default using the global `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration
-flag.  Otherwise, it can be chosen per-branch using the `--track`
-and `--no-track` options.
+Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
+working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
+new branch.
+
+When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the
+branch so that 'git-pull' will appropriately merge from
+the remote branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
+`branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
+overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options.
 
 With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
 If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
@@ -41,32 +53,37 @@ to happen.
 
 With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted.  You may
 specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
-has a ref log then the ref log will also be deleted. Use -r together with -d
-to delete remote-tracking branches.
+has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
+
+Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
+only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
+in the remote repository or if 'git-fetch' was configured not to fetch
+them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
+way to clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -d::
-	Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged.
+	Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged in HEAD.
 
 -D::
-	Delete a branch irrespective of its index status.
+	Delete a branch irrespective of its merged status.
 
 -l::
-	Create the branch's ref log.  This activates recording of
-	all changes to made the branch ref, enabling use of date
-	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@{yesterday}".
+	Create the branch's reflog.  This activates recording of
+	all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
+	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
 
 -f::
-	Force the creation of a new branch even if it means deleting
-	a branch that already exists with the same name.
+	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
+	already. Without `-f` 'git-branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
 
 -m::
 	Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
 
 -M::
-	Move/rename a branch even if the new branchname already exists.
+	Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
 
 --color::
 	Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
@@ -82,19 +99,50 @@ OPTIONS
 	List both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
 
 -v::
-	Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head.
+--verbose::
+	Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
+	relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
+	the name of the upstream branch, as well.
 
 --abbrev=<length>::
-	Alter minimum display length for sha1 in output listing,
-	default value is 7.
+	Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
+	The default value is 7.
 
 --no-abbrev::
-	Display the full sha1s in output listing rather than abbreviating them.
+	Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
+
+-t::
+--track::
+	When creating a new branch, set up configuration to mark the
+	start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
+	configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
+	two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
+	it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
+	upstream when the new branch is checked out.
++
+This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
+Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
+want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
+were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
+start-point is either a local or remote branch.
+
+--no-track::
+	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
+	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
+
+--contains <commit>::
+	Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
+
+--merged::
+	Only list branches which are fully contained by HEAD.
+
+--no-merged::
+	Do not list branches which are fully contained by HEAD.
 
 <branchname>::
 	The name of the branch to create or delete.
 	The new branch name must pass all checks defined by
-	gitlink:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
+	linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
 	may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
 
 <start-point>::
@@ -107,13 +155,13 @@ OPTIONS
 
 <newbranch>::
 	The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
-	<branchname> applies.
+	<branchname> apply.
 
 
 Examples
 --------
 
-Start development off of a known tag::
+Start development from a known tag::
 +
 ------------
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
@@ -125,31 +173,45 @@ $ git checkout my2.6.14
 <1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with
 "checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14".
 
-Delete unneeded branch::
+Delete an unneeded branch::
 +
 ------------
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/.../git.git my.git
 $ cd my.git
-$ git branch -d -r todo html man   <1>
-$ git branch -D test               <2>
+$ git branch -d -r origin/todo origin/html origin/man   <1>
+$ git branch -D test                                    <2>
 ------------
 +
-<1> delete remote-tracking branches "todo", "html", "man"
-<2> delete "test" branch even if the "master" branch does not have all
-commits from todo branch.
+<1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next
+'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to.
+See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+<2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch
+is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
 
 
 Notes
 -----
 
-If you are creating a branch that you want to immediately checkout, it's
+If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
 easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
 a branch and check it out with a single command.
 
+The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
+but different purposes:
+
+- `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
+  special attention if <commit> were to be rebased or amended, since those
+  branches contain the specified <commit>.
+
+- `--merged` is used to find all branches which can be safely deleted,
+  since those branches are fully contained by HEAD.
+
+- `--no-merged` is used to find branches which are candidates for merging
+  into HEAD, since those branches are not fully contained by HEAD.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -157,5 +219,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 92e7a68722..aee7e4a8c9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -8,23 +8,24 @@ git-bundle - Move objects and refs by archive
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-bundle' create <file> [git-rev-list args]
-'git-bundle' verify <file>
-'git-bundle' list-heads <file> [refname...]
-'git-bundle' unbundle <file> [refname...]
+[verse]
+'git bundle' create <file> <git-rev-list args>
+'git bundle' verify <file>
+'git bundle' list-heads <file> [refname...]
+'git bundle' unbundle <file> [refname...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
 machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
-be directly connected so the interactive git protocols (git, ssh,
-rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
-git-fetch and git-pull to operate by packaging objects and references
+be directly connected, and therefore the interactive git protocols (git,
+ssh, rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
+'git-fetch' and 'git-pull' to operate by packaging objects and references
 in an archive at the originating machine, then importing those into
-another repository using gitlink:git-fetch[1] and gitlink:git-pull[1]
+another repository using 'git-fetch' and 'git-pull'
 after moving the archive by some means (i.e., by sneakernet).  As no
-direct connection between repositories exists, the user must specify a
+direct connection between the repositories exists, the user must specify a
 basis for the bundle that is held by the destination repository: the
 bundle assumes that all objects in the basis are already in the
 destination repository.
@@ -34,15 +35,15 @@ OPTIONS
 
 create <file>::
        Used to create a bundle named 'file'.  This requires the
-       git-rev-list arguments to define the bundle contents.
+       'git-rev-list' arguments to define the bundle contents.
 
 verify <file>::
        Used to check that a bundle file is valid and will apply
        cleanly to the current repository.  This includes checks on the
        bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite
        commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository.
-       git-bundle prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits
-       with non-zero status.
+       'git-bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits
+       with a non-zero status.
 
 list-heads <file>::
        Lists the references defined in the bundle.  If followed by a
@@ -50,17 +51,16 @@ list-heads <file>::
        printed out.
 
 unbundle <file>::
-       Passes the objects in the bundle to gitlink:git-index-pack[1]
+       Passes the objects in the bundle to 'git-index-pack'
        for storage in the repository, then prints the names of all
-       defined references. If a reflist is given, only references
-       matching those in the given list are printed. This command is
-       really plumbing, intended to be called only by
-       gitlink:git-fetch[1].
+       defined references. If a list of references is given, only
+       references matching those in the list are printed. This command is
+       really plumbing, intended to be called only by 'git-fetch'.
 
 [git-rev-list-args...]::
-       A list of arguments, acceptable to git-rev-parse and
-       git-rev-list, that specify the specific objects and references
-       to transport.  For example, "master~10..master" causes the
+       A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git-rev-parse' and
+       'git-rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
+       to transport.  For example, `master\~10..master` causes the
        current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
        added since its 10th ancestor commit.  There is no explicit
        limit to the number of references and objects that may be
@@ -69,66 +69,136 @@ unbundle <file>::
 
 [refname...]::
        A list of references used to limit the references reported as
-       available. This is principally of use to git-fetch, which
+       available. This is principally of use to 'git-fetch', which
        expects to receive only those references asked for and not
-       necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, git-bundle is
-       acting like gitlink:git-fetch-pack[1]).
+       necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, 'git-bundle' acts
+       like 'git-fetch-pack').
 
 SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 ---------------------
 
-git-bundle will only package references that are shown by
-git-show-ref: this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
-such as master~1 cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
+'git-bundle' will only package references that are shown by
+'git-show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
+such as `master\~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
 defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
 than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
 contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
-specified explicitly (e.g., ^master~10), or implicitly (e.g.,
-master~10..master, master --since=10.days.ago).
+specified explicitly (e.g. `^master\~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
+`master\~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
 
 It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
-It is okay to err on the side of conservatism, causing the bundle file
-to contain objects already in the destination as these are ignored
+It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
+to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
 when unpacking at the destination.
 
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 
-Assume two repositories exist as R1 on machine A, and R2 on machine B.
+Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
+to another repository R2 on machine B.
 For whatever reason, direct connection between A and B is not allowed,
-but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc).
-We want to update R2 with developments made on branch master in R1.
-We set a tag in R1 (lastR2bundle) after the previous such transport,
-and move it afterwards to help build the bundle.
+but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
+We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.
+
+To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
+any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
+processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
+with an incremental bundle:
+
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
+
+Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. If you are creating
+the repository on machine B, then you can clone from the bundle as if it
+were a remote repository instead of creating an empty repository and then
+pulling or fetching objects from the bundle:
+
+----------------
+machineB$ git clone /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2
+----------------
+
+This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
+lets you fetch and pull from the bundle. The $GIT_DIR/config file in R2 will
+have an entry like this:
+
+------------------------
+[remote "origin"]
+    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bundle
+    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
+------------------------
 
-in R1 on A:
-$ git-bundle create mybundle master ^lastR2bundle
-$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+To update the resulting mine.git repository, you can fetch or pull after
+replacing the bundle stored at /home/me/tmp/file.bundle with incremental
+updates.
 
-(move mybundle from A to B by some mechanism)
+After working some more in the original repository, you can create an
+incremental bundle to update the other repository:
 
-in R2 on B:
-$ git-bundle verify mybundle
-$ git-fetch mybundle  refspec
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle lastR2bundle..master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
 
-where refspec is refInBundle:localRef
+You then transfer the bundle to the other machine to replace
+/home/me/tmp/file.bundle, and pull from it.
 
+----------------
+machineB$ cd R2
+machineB$ git pull
+----------------
 
-Also, with something like this in your config:
+If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
+have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
+basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
+in the resulting bundle. The previous example used lastR2bundle tag
+for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
+the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
 
-[remote "bundle"]
-    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bdl
-    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
+You can use a tag that is present in both:
+
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
+----------------
+
+You can use a basis based on time:
+
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
+----------------
+
+You can use the number of commits:
+
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
+----------------
+
+You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
+that was created with a basis:
+
+----------------
+$ git bundle verify mybundle
+----------------
+
+This will list what commits you must have in order to extract from the
+bundle and will error out if you do not have them.
+
+A bundle from a recipient repository's point of view is just like a
+regular repository which it fetches or pulls from. You can, for example, map
+references when fetching:
 
-You can first sneakernet the bundle file to ~/tmp/file.bdl and
-then these commands:
+----------------
+$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
+----------------
 
-$ git ls-remote bundle
-$ git fetch bundle
-$ git pull bundle
+You can also see what references it offers.
 
-would treat it as if it is talking with a remote side over the
-network.
+----------------
+$ git ls-remote mybundle
+----------------
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -136,4 +206,4 @@ Written by Mark Levedahl <mdl123@verizon.net>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index 075c0d05ef..58c8d65772 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -3,25 +3,30 @@ git-cat-file(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-cat-file - Provide content or type/size information for repository objects
+git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objects
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-cat-file' [-t | -s | -e | -p | <type>] <object>
+[verse]
+'git cat-file' (-t | -s | -e | -p | <type>) <object>
+'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) < <list-of-objects>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Provides content or type of objects in the repository. The type
-is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the object type,
-or '-s' is used to find the object size.
+In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in
+the repository. The type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the
+object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size.
+
+In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
+stdin, and the SHA1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <object>::
 	The name of the object to show.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	the "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 -t::
 	Instead of the content, show the object type identified by
@@ -46,6 +51,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	or to ask for a "blob" with <object> being a tag object that
 	points at it.
 
+--batch::
+	Print the SHA1, type, size, and contents of each object provided on
+	stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments.
+
+--batch-check::
+	Print the SHA1, type, and size of each object provided on stdin. May not
+	be combined with any other options or arguments.
+
 OUTPUT
 ------
 If '-t' is specified, one of the <type>.
@@ -56,9 +69,30 @@ If '-e' is specified, no output.
 
 If '-p' is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
 
-Otherwise the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object> will
-be returned.
+If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
+will be returned.
+
+If '--batch' is specified, output of the following form is printed for each
+object specified on stdin:
+
+------------
+<sha1> SP <type> SP <size> LF
+<contents> LF
+------------
 
+If '--batch-check' is specified, output of the following form is printed for
+each object specified on stdin:
+
+------------
+<sha1> SP <type> SP <size> LF
+------------
+
+For both '--batch' and '--batch-check', output of the following form is printed
+for each object specified on stdin that does not exist in the repository:
+
+------------
+<object> SP missing LF
+------------
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -70,5 +104,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50824e3a2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+git-check-attr(1)
+=================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-check-attr - Display gitattributes information
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git check-attr' attr... [--] pathname...
+'git check-attr' --stdin [-z] attr... < <list-of-paths>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+For every pathname, this command will list if each attribute is 'unspecified',
+'set', or 'unset' as a gitattribute on that pathname.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--stdin::
+	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+
+-z::
+	Only meaningful with `--stdin`; paths are separated with a
+	NUL character instead of a linefeed character.
+
+\--::
+	Interpret all preceding arguments as attributes and all following
+	arguments as path names. If not supplied, only the first argument will
+	be treated as an attribute.
+
+OUTPUT
+------
+
+The output is of the form:
+<path> COLON SP <attribute> COLON SP <info> LF
+
+<path> is the path of a file being queried, <attribute> is an attribute
+being queried and <info> can be either:
+
+'unspecified';; when the attribute is not defined for the path.
+'unset';;	when the attribute is defined as false.
+'set';;		when the attribute is defined as true.
+<value>;;	when a value has been assigned to the attribute.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+In the examples, the following '.gitattributes' file is used:
+---------------
+*.java diff=java -crlf myAttr
+NoMyAttr.java !myAttr
+README caveat=unspecified
+---------------
+
+* Listing a single attribute:
+---------------
+$ git check-attr diff org/example/MyClass.java
+org/example/MyClass.java: diff: java
+---------------
+
+* Listing multiple attributes for a file:
+---------------
+$ git check-attr crlf diff myAttr -- org/example/MyClass.java
+org/example/MyClass.java: crlf: unset
+org/example/MyClass.java: diff: java
+org/example/MyClass.java: myAttr: set
+---------------
+
+* Listing an attribute for multiple files:
+---------------
+$ git check-attr myAttr -- org/example/MyClass.java org/example/NoMyAttr.java
+org/example/MyClass.java: myAttr: set
+org/example/NoMyAttr.java: myAttr: unspecified
+---------------
+
+* Not all values are equally unambiguous:
+---------------
+$ git check-attr caveat README
+README: caveat: unspecified
+---------------
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitattributes[5].
+
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by James Bowes.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index 13a5f43049..0b7982ea76 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -3,53 +3,77 @@ git-check-ref-format(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-check-ref-format - Make sure ref name is well formed
+git-check-ref-format - Ensures that a reference name is well formed
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-check-ref-format' <refname>
+[verse]
+'git check-ref-format' <refname>
+'git check-ref-format' [--branch] <branchname-shorthand>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits non-zero if
-it is not.
+Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
+status if it is not.
 
 A reference is used in git to specify branches and tags.  A
-branch head is stored under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` directory, and
-a tag is stored under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` directory.  git
-imposes the following rules on how refs are named:
+branch head is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` directory, and
+a tag is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` directory.  git
+imposes the following rules on how references are named:
 
-. It can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
+. They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
   grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
-  dot `.`;
+  dot `.`.
 
-. It cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere;
+. They must contain at least one `/`. This enforces the presence of a
+  category like `heads/`, `tags/` etc. but the actual names are not
+  restricted.
 
-. It cannot have ASCII control character (i.e. bytes whose
+. They cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
   values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
   caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
-  or open bracket `[` anywhere;
+  or open bracket `[` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
+
+. They cannot end with the sequence `.lock`.
 
-. It cannot end with a slash `/`.
+. They cannot contain a sequence `@{`.
 
-These rules makes it easy for shell script based tools to parse
-refnames, pathname expansion by the shell when a refname is used
+- They cannot contain a `\\`.
+
+These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
+reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
 unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
-refname expressions (see gitlink:git-rev-parse[1]).  Namely:
+reference name expressions (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]):
 
-. double-dot `..` are often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
-  context this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
-  ref1 and in ref2).
+. A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
+  contexts this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
+  `ref1` and in `ref2`).
 
-. tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce postfix
+. A tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce the postfix
   'nth parent' and 'peel onion' operation.
 
-. colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
+. A colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
   value and store it in dstref" in fetch and push operations.
   It may also be used to select a specific object such as with
-  gitlink:git-cat-file[1] "git-cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".
+  'git-cat-file': "git cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".
+
+. at-open-brace `@{` is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.
+
+With the `--branch` option, it expands a branch name shorthand and
+prints the name of the branch the shorthand refers to.
+
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+
+git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}::
+
+Print the name of the previous branch.
 
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
index 6dd6db04bb..62d84836b8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-checkout-index - Copy files from the index to the working tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-checkout-index' [-u] [-q] [-a] [-f] [-n] [--prefix=<string>]
+'git checkout-index' [-u] [-q] [-a] [-f] [-n] [--prefix=<string>]
 		   [--stage=<number>|all]
 		   [--temp]
 		   [-z] [--stdin]
@@ -22,21 +22,26 @@ Will copy all files listed from the index to the working directory
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--u|--index::
+-u::
+--index::
 	update stat information for the checked out entries in
 	the index file.
 
--q|--quiet::
+-q::
+--quiet::
 	be quiet if files exist or are not in the index
 
--f|--force::
+-f::
+--force::
 	forces overwrite of existing files
 
--a|--all::
+-a::
+--all::
 	checks out all files in the index.  Cannot be used
 	together with explicit filenames.
 
--n|--no-create::
+-n::
+--no-create::
 	Don't checkout new files, only refresh files already checked
 	out.
 
@@ -68,25 +73,25 @@ OPTIONS
 
 The order of the flags used to matter, but not anymore.
 
-Just doing `git-checkout-index` does nothing. You probably meant
-`git-checkout-index -a`. And if you want to force it, you want
-`git-checkout-index -f -a`.
+Just doing `git checkout-index` does nothing. You probably meant
+`git checkout-index -a`. And if you want to force it, you want
+`git checkout-index -f -a`.
 
 Intuitiveness is not the goal here. Repeatability is. The reason for
 the "no arguments means no work" behavior is that from scripts you are
 supposed to be able to do:
 
 ----------------
-$ find . -name '*.h' -print0 | xargs -0 git-checkout-index -f --
+$ find . -name '*.h' -print0 | xargs -0 git checkout-index -f --
 ----------------
 
 which will force all existing `*.h` files to be replaced with their
 cached copies. If an empty command line implied "all", then this would
 force-refresh everything in the index, which was not the point.  But
-since git-checkout-index accepts --stdin it would be faster to use:
+since 'git-checkout-index' accepts --stdin it would be faster to use:
 
 ----------------
-$ find . -name '*.h' -print0 | git-checkout-index -f -z --stdin
+$ find . -name '*.h' -print0 | git checkout-index -f -z --stdin
 ----------------
 
 The `--` is just a good idea when you know the rest will be filenames;
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ Using `--` is probably a good policy in scripts.
 Using --temp or --stage=all
 ---------------------------
 When `--temp` is used (or implied by `--stage=all`)
-`git-checkout-index` will create a temporary file for each index
+'git-checkout-index' will create a temporary file for each index
 entry being checked out.  The index will not be updated with stat
 information.  These options can be useful if the caller needs all
 stages of all unmerged entries so that the unmerged files can be
@@ -139,19 +144,19 @@ EXAMPLES
 To update and refresh only the files already checked out::
 +
 ----------------
-$ git-checkout-index -n -f -a && git-update-index --ignore-missing --refresh
+$ git checkout-index -n -f -a && git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh
 ----------------
 
-Using `git-checkout-index` to "export an entire tree"::
+Using 'git-checkout-index' to "export an entire tree"::
 	The prefix ability basically makes it trivial to use
-	`git-checkout-index` as an "export as tree" function.
+	'git-checkout-index' as an "export as tree" function.
 	Just read the desired tree into the index, and do:
 +
 ----------------
-$ git-checkout-index --prefix=git-export-dir/ -a
+$ git checkout-index --prefix=git-export-dir/ -a
 ----------------
 +
-`git-checkout-index` will "export" the index into the specified
+`git checkout-index` will "export" the index into the specified
 directory.
 +
 The final "/" is important. The exported name is literally just
@@ -161,7 +166,7 @@ following example.
 Export files with a prefix::
 +
 ----------------
-$ git-checkout-index --prefix=.merged- Makefile
+$ git checkout-index --prefix=.merged- Makefile
 ----------------
 +
 This will check out the currently cached copy of `Makefile`
@@ -181,5 +186,4 @@ Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index f5b2d5017b..ad4b31e892 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -3,66 +3,94 @@ git-checkout(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-checkout - Checkout and switch to a branch
+git-checkout - Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-checkout' [-q] [-f] [-b [--track | --no-track] <new_branch> [-l]] [-m] [<branch>]
-'git-checkout' [<tree-ish>] <paths>...
+'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
+'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [-b <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
+'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 When <paths> are not given, this command switches branches by
-updating the index and working tree to reflect the specified
-branch, <branch>, and updating HEAD to be <branch> or, if
-specified, <new_branch>.  Using -b will cause <new_branch> to
-be created; in this case you can use the --track or --no-track
-options, which will be passed to `git branch`.
+updating the index, working tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified
+branch.
+
+If `-b` is given, a new branch is created and checked out, as if
+linkgit:git-branch[1] were called; in this case you can
+use the --track or --no-track options, which will be passed to `git
+branch`.  As a convenience, --track without `-b` implies branch
+creation; see the description of --track below.
 
 When <paths> are given, this command does *not* switch
 branches.  It updates the named paths in the working tree from
-the index file (i.e. it runs `git-checkout-index -f -u`), or a
-named commit.  In
-this case, `-f` and `-b` options are meaningless and giving
-either of them results in an error.  <tree-ish> argument can be
+the index file, or from a named <tree-ish> (most often a commit).  In
+this case, the `-b` and `--track` options are meaningless and giving
+either of them results in an error. The <tree-ish> argument can be
 used to specify a specific tree-ish (i.e. commit, tag or tree)
 to update the index for the given paths before updating the
 working tree.
 
+The index may contain unmerged entries after a failed merge.  By
+default, if you try to check out such an entry from the index, the
+checkout operation will fail and nothing will be checked out.
+Using -f will ignore these unmerged entries.  The contents from a
+specific side of the merge can be checked out of the index by
+using --ours or --theirs.  With -m, changes made to the working tree
+file can be discarded to recreate the original conflicted merge result.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -q::
-	Quiet, supress feedback messages.
+	Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
 
 -f::
-	Force a re-read of everything.
+	When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
+	working tree differs from HEAD.  This is used to throw away
+	local changes.
++
+When checking out paths from the index, do not fail upon unmerged
+entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
+
+--ours::
+--theirs::
+	When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
+	('ours') or #3 ('theirs') for unmerged paths.
 
 -b::
 	Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
-	<branch>.  The new branch name must pass all checks defined
-	by gitlink:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
-	may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
+	<start_point>; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 
+-t::
 --track::
-	When -b is given and a branch is created off a remote branch,
-	setup so that git-pull will automatically retrieve data from
-	the remote branch.
+	When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
+	"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
++
+If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
+derived from the remote branch.  If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
+is prefixed it is stripped away, and then the part up to the
+next slash (which would be the nickname of the remote) is removed.
+This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
+off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
+"refs/remotes/origin/hack").  If the given name has no slash, or the above
+guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted.  You can
+explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
 
 --no-track::
-	When -b is given and a branch is created off a remote branch,
-	force that git-pull will automatically retrieve data from
-	the remote branch independent of the configuration settings.
+	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
+	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 
 -l::
-	Create the new branch's ref log.  This activates recording of
-	all changes to made the branch ref, enabling use of date
-	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@{yesterday}".
+	Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
+	details.
 
 -m::
-	If you have local modifications to one or more files that
+--merge::
+	When switching branches,
+	if you have local modifications to one or more files that
 	are different between the current branch and the branch to
 	which you are switching, the command refuses to switch
 	branches in order to preserve your modifications in context.
@@ -74,16 +102,39 @@ When a merge conflict happens, the index entries for conflicting
 paths are left unmerged, and you need to resolve the conflicts
 and mark the resolved paths with `git add` (or `git rm` if the merge
 should result in deletion of the path).
++
+When checking out paths from the index, this option lets you recreate
+the conflicted merge in the specified paths.
 
-<new_branch>::
-	Name for the new branch.
+--conflict=<style>::
+	The same as --merge option above, but changes the way the
+	conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
+	merge.conflictstyle configuration variable.  Possible values are
+	"merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
+	"merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
 <branch>::
-	Branch to checkout; may be any object ID that resolves to a
-	commit.  Defaults to HEAD.
+	Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
+	when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that
+	branch is checked out. Otherwise, if it refers to a valid
+	commit, your HEAD becomes "detached" and you are no longer on
+	any branch (see below for details).
 +
-When this parameter names a non-branch (but still a valid commit object),
-your HEAD becomes 'detached'.
+As a special case, the `"@\{-N\}"` syntax for the N-th last branch
+checks out the branch (instead of detaching).  You may also specify
+`-` which is synonymous with `"@\{-1\}"`.
+
+<new_branch>::
+	Name for the new branch.
+
+<start_point>::
+	The name of a commit at which to start the new branch; see
+	linkgit:git-branch[1] for details. Defaults to HEAD.
+
+<tree-ish>::
+	Tree to checkout from (when paths are given). If not specified,
+	the index will be used.
+
 
 
 Detached HEAD
@@ -99,13 +150,13 @@ $ git checkout v2.6.18
 ------------
 
 Earlier versions of git did not allow this and asked you to
-create a temporary branch using `-b` option, but starting from
+create a temporary branch using the `-b` option, but starting from
 version 1.5.0, the above command 'detaches' your HEAD from the
-current branch and directly point at the commit named by the tag
-(`v2.6.18` in the above example).
+current branch and directly points at the commit named by the tag
+(`v2.6.18` in the example above).
 
-You can use usual git commands while in this state.  You can use
-`git-reset --hard $othercommit` to further move around, for
+You can use all git commands while in this state.  You can use
+`git reset --hard $othercommit` to further move around, for
 example.  You can make changes and create a new commit on top of
 a detached HEAD.  You can even create a merge by using `git
 merge $othercommit`.
@@ -138,8 +189,8 @@ $ git checkout hello.c            <3>
 ------------
 +
 <1> switch branch
-<2> take out a file out of other commit
-<3> restore hello.c from HEAD of current branch
+<2> take a file out of another commit
+<3> restore hello.c from the index
 +
 If you have an unfortunate branch that is named `hello.c`, this
 step would be confused as an instruction to switch to that branch.
@@ -149,7 +200,7 @@ You should instead write:
 $ git checkout -- hello.c
 ------------
 
-. After working in a wrong branch, switching to the correct
+. After working in the wrong branch, switching to the correct
 branch would be done using:
 +
 ------------
@@ -157,7 +208,7 @@ $ git checkout mytopic
 ------------
 +
 However, your "wrong" branch and correct "mytopic" branch may
-differ in files that you have locally modified, in which case,
+differ in files that you have modified locally, in which case
 the above checkout would fail like this:
 +
 ------------
@@ -183,7 +234,6 @@ the `-m` option, you would see something like this:
 ------------
 $ git checkout -m mytopic
 Auto-merging frotz
-merge: warning: conflicts during merge
 ERROR: Merge conflict in frotz
 fatal: merge program failed
 ------------
@@ -209,5 +259,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
index 3149d08da8..b764130d26 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-cherry-pick - Apply the change introduced by an existing commit
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-cherry-pick' [--edit] [-n] [-x] <commit>
+'git cherry-pick' [--edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-x] <commit>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -19,47 +19,61 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 <commit>::
 	Commit to cherry-pick.
-	For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see the
+	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
--e|--edit::
-	With this option, `git-cherry-pick` will let you edit the commit
-	message prior committing.
+-e::
+--edit::
+	With this option, 'git-cherry-pick' will let you edit the commit
+	message prior to committing.
 
 -x::
-	Cause the command to append which commit was
-	cherry-picked after the original commit message when
-	making a commit.  Do not use this option if you are
-	cherry-picking from your private branch because the
-	information is useless to the recipient.  If on the
+	When recording the commit, append to the original commit
+	message a note that indicates which commit this change
+	was cherry-picked from.  Append the note only for cherry
+	picks without conflicts.  Do not use this option if
+	you are cherry-picking from your private branch because
+	the information is useless to the recipient.  If on the
 	other hand you are cherry-picking between two publicly
 	visible branches (e.g. backporting a fix to a
 	maintenance branch for an older release from a
 	development branch), adding this information can be
 	useful.
 
--r|--replay::
+-r::
 	It used to be that the command defaulted to do `-x`
 	described above, and `-r` was to disable it.  Now the
 	default is not to do `-x` so this option is a no-op.
 
--n|--no-commit::
-	Usually the command automatically creates a commit with
-	a commit log message stating which commit was
-	cherry-picked.  This flag applies the change necessary
-	to cherry-pick the named commit to your working tree,
+-m parent-number::
+--mainline parent-number::
+	Usually you cannot cherry-pick a merge because you do not know which
+	side of the merge should be considered the mainline.  This
+	option specifies the parent number (starting from 1) of
+	the mainline and allows cherry-pick to replay the change
+	relative to the specified parent.
+
+-n::
+--no-commit::
+	Usually the command automatically creates a commit.
+	This flag applies the change necessary to cherry-pick
+	the named commit to your working tree and the index,
 	but does not make the commit.  In addition, when this
-	option is used, your working tree does not have to match
-	the HEAD commit.  The cherry-pick is done against the
-	beginning state of your working tree.
+	option is used, your index does not have to match the
+	HEAD commit.  The cherry-pick is done against the
+	beginning state of your index.
 +
 This is useful when cherry-picking more than one commits'
-effect to your working tree in a row.
+effect to your index in a row.
+
+-s::
+--signoff::
+	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -67,5 +81,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
index 27b67b81a5..7deefdae8f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ git-cherry - Find commits not merged upstream
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-cherry' [-v] <upstream> [<head>] [<limit>]
+'git cherry' [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 The changeset (or "diff") of each commit between the fork-point and <head>
 is compared against each commit between the fork-point and <upstream>.
+The commits are compared with their 'patch id', obtained from
+the 'git-patch-id' program.
 
 Every commit that doesn't exist in the <upstream> branch
 has its id (sha1) reported, prefixed by a symbol.  The ones that have
@@ -35,8 +37,8 @@ to and including <limit> are not reported:
               \__*__*__<limit>__-__+__> <head>
 
 
-Because git-cherry compares the changeset rather than the commit id
-(sha1), you can use git-cherry to find out if a commit you made locally
+Because 'git-cherry' compares the changeset rather than the commit id
+(sha1), you can use 'git-cherry' to find out if a commit you made locally
 has been applied <upstream> under a different commit id.  For example,
 this will happen if you're feeding patches <upstream> via email rather
 than pushing or pulling commits directly.
@@ -49,13 +51,21 @@ OPTIONS
 
 <upstream>::
 	Upstream branch to compare against.
+	Defaults to the first tracked remote branch, if available.
 
 <head>::
 	Working branch; defaults to HEAD.
 
+<limit>::
+	Do not report commits up to (and including) limit.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-patch-id[1]
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -63,5 +73,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-citool.txt b/Documentation/git-citool.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..670cb02b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-citool.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+git-citool(1)
+=============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-citool - Graphical alternative to git-commit
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git citool'
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+A Tcl/Tk based graphical interface to review modified files, stage
+them into the index, enter a commit message and record the new
+commit onto the current branch.  This interface is an alternative
+to the less interactive 'git-commit' program.
+
+'git-citool' is actually a standard alias for `git gui citool`.
+See linkgit:git-gui[1] for more details.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index c61afbcdba..be894af39f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -8,34 +8,43 @@ git-clean - Remove untracked files from the working tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-clean' [-d] [-n] [-q] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>...
+'git clean' [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-x | -X] [--] <path>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Removes files unknown to git.  This allows to clean the working tree
-from files that are not under version control.  If the '-x' option is
-specified, ignored files are also removed, allowing to remove all
-build products.
-When optional `<paths>...` arguments are given, the paths
-affected are further limited to those that match them.
 
+Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
+under version control, starting from the current directory.
+
+Normally, only files unknown to git are removed, but if the '-x'
+option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
+example, be useful to remove all build products.
+
+If any optional `<path>...` arguments are given, only those paths
+are affected.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -d::
 	Remove untracked directories in addition to untracked files.
 
+-f::
+	If the git configuration specifies clean.requireForce as true,
+	'git-clean' will refuse to run unless given -f or -n.
+
 -n::
+--dry-run::
 	Don't actually remove anything, just show what would be done.
 
 -q::
+--quiet::
 	Be quiet, only report errors, but not the files that are
 	successfully removed.
 
 -x::
 	Don't use the ignore rules.  This allows removing all untracked
 	files, including build products.  This can be used (possibly in
-	conjunction with gitlink:git-reset[1]) to create a pristine
+	conjunction with 'git-reset') to create a pristine
 	working directory to test a clean build.
 
 -X::
@@ -50,4 +59,4 @@ Written by Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 6d32c491a5..b14de6c407 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -3,15 +3,16 @@ git-clone(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-clone - Clones a repository into a new directory
+git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-clone' [--template=<template_directory>] [-l [-s]] [-q] [-n] [--bare]
+'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
+	  [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
 	  [-o <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
-	  [--depth <depth>] <repository> [<directory>]
+	  [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -40,8 +41,19 @@ OPTIONS
 	this flag bypasses normal "git aware" transport
 	mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 	HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
-	The files under .git/objects/ directory are hardlinked
-	to save space when possible.
+	The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
+	to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
+	the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
+	syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
+	copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
+	if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
+	but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
+	mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
+
+--no-hardlinks::
+	Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
+	local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
+	directory.
 
 --shared::
 -s::
@@ -50,20 +62,40 @@ OPTIONS
 	.git/objects/info/alternates to share the objects
 	with the source repository.  The resulting repository
 	starts out without any object of its own.
++
+*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
+it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
+repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
+other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
+source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
+These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as 'git-commit')
+which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
+If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
+then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
+
+
 
 --reference <repository>::
 	If the reference repository is on the local machine
 	automatically setup .git/objects/info/alternates to
 	obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
 	an already existing repository as an alternate will
-	require less objects to be copied from the repository
+	require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
 	being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
++
+*NOTE*: see NOTE to --shared option.
 
 --quiet::
 -q::
-	Operate quietly.  This flag is passed to "rsync" and
-	"git-fetch-pack" commands when given.
+	Operate quietly.  This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
+	command when given.
 
+--verbose::
+-v::
+	Display the progressbar, even in case the standard output is not
+	a terminal.
+
+--no-checkout::
 -n::
 	No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 
@@ -79,16 +111,18 @@ OPTIONS
 	used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 	configuration variables are created.
 
+--mirror::
+	Set up a mirror of the remote repository.  This implies --bare.
+
 --origin <name>::
 -o <name>::
 	Instead of using the remote name 'origin' to keep track
-	of the upstream repository, use <name> instead.
+	of the upstream repository, use <name>.
 
 --upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 -u <upload-pack>::
-	When given, and the repository to clone from is handled
-	by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
-	the command to specify non-default path for the command
+	When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
+	via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 	run on the other end.
 
 --template=<template_directory>::
@@ -98,23 +132,27 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --depth <depth>::
 	Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
-	specified number of revs.  A shallow repository has
+	specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 	number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 	it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
-	want to only look at near the tip of a large project
-	with a long history, and would want to send in a fixes
+	are only interested in the recent history of a large project
+	with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 	as patches.
 
 <repository>::
-	The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  It can
-	be any URL git-fetch supports.
+	The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
+	<<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
+	repositories.
 
 <directory>::
 	The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 	part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 	explicitly given ("repo" for "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo"
 	for "host.xz:foo/.git").  Cloning into an existing directory
-	is not allowed.
+	is only allowed if the directory is empty.
+
+:git-clone: 1
+include::urls.txt[]
 
 Examples
 --------
@@ -132,7 +170,7 @@ Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking thi
 +
 ------------
 $ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
-$ cd copy
+$ cd ../copy
 $ git show-branch
 ------------
 
@@ -174,5 +212,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index cf25507f8f..b8834baced 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ git-commit-tree - Create a new commit object
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-commit-tree' <tree> [-p <parent commit>]\* < changelog
+'git commit-tree' <tree> [-p <parent commit>]\* < changelog
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This is usually not what an end user wants to run directly.  See
-gitlink:git-commit[1] instead.
+linkgit:git-commit[1] instead.
 
 Creates a new commit object based on the provided tree object and
-emits the new commit object id on stdout. If no parent is given then
-it is considered to be an initial tree.
+emits the new commit object id on stdout.
 
-A commit object usually has 1 parent (a commit after a change) or up
-to 16 parents.  More than one parent represents a merge of branches
-that led to them.
+A commit object may have any number of parents. With exactly one
+parent, it is an ordinary commit. Having more than one parent makes
+the commit a merge between several lines of history. Initial (root)
+commits have no parents.
 
 While a tree represents a particular directory state of a working
 directory, a commit represents that state in "time", and explains how
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -p <parent commit>::
 	Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object.
-	
+
 
 Commit Information
 ------------------
@@ -51,27 +51,26 @@ A commit encapsulates:
 - author name, email and date
 - committer name and email and the commit time.
 
-If not provided, "git-commit-tree" uses your name, hostname and domain to
-provide author and committer info. This can be overridden by
-either `.git/config` file, or using the following environment variables.
+While parent object ids are provided on the command line, author and
+committer information is taken from the following environment variables,
+if set:
 
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
 	GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	EMAIL
 
 (nb "<", ">" and "\n"s are stripped)
 
-In `.git/config` file, the following items are used for GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and
-GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL:
-
-	[user]
-		name = "Your Name"
-		email = "your@email.address.xz"
+In case (some of) these environment variables are not set, the information
+is taken from the configuration items user.name and user.email, or, if not
+present, system user name and fully qualified hostname.
 
-A commit comment is read from stdin (max 999 chars). If a changelog
-entry is not provided via "<" redirection, "git-commit-tree" will just wait
+A commit comment is read from stdin. If a changelog
+entry is not provided via "<" redirection, 'git-commit-tree' will just wait
 for one to be entered and terminated with ^D.
 
 
@@ -80,18 +79,18 @@ Diagnostics
 You don't exist. Go away!::
     The passwd(5) gecos field couldn't be read
 Your parents must have hated you!::
-    The password(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
+    The passwd(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
 Your sysadmin must hate you!::
-    The password(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
+    The passwd(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
 
 Discussion
 ----------
 
 include::i18n.txt[]
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-write-tree[1]
+linkgit:git-write-tree[1]
 
 
 Author
@@ -104,5 +103,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 53a7bb0895..b5d81be7ec 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -8,87 +8,125 @@ git-commit - Record changes to the repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v]
-	   [(-c | -C) <commit> | -F <file> | -m <msg> | --amend]
-	   [--no-verify] [-e] [--author <author>]
-	   [--] [[-i | -o ]<file>...]
+'git commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend]
+	   [(-c | -C) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>]
+	   [--allow-empty] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
+	   [--cleanup=<mode>] [--] [[-i | -o ]<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Use 'git commit' when you want to record your changes into the repository
-along with a log message describing what the commit is about. All changes
-to be committed must be explicitly identified using one of the following
-methods:
+Stores the current contents of the index in a new commit along
+with a log message from the user describing the changes.
 
-1. by using gitlink:git-add[1] to incrementally "add" changes to the
-   next commit before using the 'commit' command (Note: even modified
+The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
+
+1. by using 'git-add' to incrementally "add" changes to the
+   index before using the 'commit' command (Note: even modified
    files must be "added");
 
-2. by using gitlink:git-rm[1] to identify content removal for the next
-   commit, again before using the 'commit' command;
+2. by using 'git-rm' to remove files from the working tree
+   and the index, again before using the 'commit' command;
 
-3. by directly listing files containing changes to be committed as arguments
-   to the 'commit' command, in which cases only those files alone will be
-   considered for the commit;
+3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command, in which
+   case the commit will ignore changes staged in the index, and instead
+   record the current content of the listed files (which must already
+   be known to git);
 
-4. by using the -a switch with the 'commit' command to automatically "add"
-   changes from all known files i.e. files that have already been committed
-   before, and to automatically "rm" files that have been
-   removed from the working tree, and perform the actual commit.
+4. by using the -a switch with the 'commit' command to automatically
+   "add" changes from all known files (i.e. all files that are already
+   listed in the index) and to automatically "rm" files in the index
+   that have been removed from the working tree, and then perform the
+   actual commit;
 
 5. by using the --interactive switch with the 'commit' command to decide one
    by one which files should be part of the commit, before finalizing the
-   operation.  Currently, this is done by invoking `git-add --interactive`.
+   operation.  Currently, this is done by invoking 'git-add --interactive'.
 
-The gitlink:git-status[1] command can be used to obtain a
+The 'git-status' command can be used to obtain a
 summary of what is included by any of the above for the next
 commit by giving the same set of parameters you would give to
 this command.
 
-If you make a commit and then found a mistake immediately after
-that, you can recover from it with gitlink:git-reset[1].
+If you make a commit and then find a mistake immediately after
+that, you can recover from it with 'git-reset'.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--a|--all::
+-a::
+--all::
 	Tell the command to automatically stage files that have
 	been modified and deleted, but new files you have not
 	told git about are not affected.
 
--c or -C <commit>::
-	Take existing commit object, and reuse the log message
+-C <commit>::
+--reuse-message=<commit>::
+	Take an existing commit object, and reuse the log message
 	and the authorship information (including the timestamp)
-	when creating the commit.  With '-C', the editor is not
-	invoked; with '-c' the user can further edit the commit
-	message.
+	when creating the commit.
+
+-c <commit>::
+--reedit-message=<commit>::
+	Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
+	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
 -F <file>::
+--file=<file>::
 	Take the commit message from the given file.  Use '-' to
 	read the message from the standard input.
 
---author <author>::
-	Override the author name used in the commit.  Use
-	`A U Thor <author@example.com>` format.
+--author=<author>::
+	Override the author name used in the commit.  You can use the
+	standard `A U Thor <author@example.com>` format.  Otherwise,
+	an existing commit that matches the given string and its author
+	name is used.
 
 -m <msg>::
+--message=<msg>::
 	Use the given <msg> as the commit message.
 
--s|--signoff::
-	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
+-t <file>::
+--template=<file>::
+	Use the contents of the given file as the initial version
+	of the commit message. The editor is invoked and you can
+	make subsequent changes. If a message is specified using
+	the `-m` or `-F` options, this option has no effect. This
+	overrides the `commit.template` configuration variable.
 
---no-verify::
-	This option bypasses the pre-commit hook.
-	See also link:hooks.html[hooks].
+-s::
+--signoff::
+	Add Signed-off-by line by the committer at the end of the commit
+	log message.
 
--e|--edit::
+-n::
+--no-verify::
+	This option bypasses the pre-commit and commit-msg hooks.
+	See also linkgit:githooks[5].
+
+--allow-empty::
+	Usually recording a commit that has the exact same tree as its
+	sole parent commit is a mistake, and the command prevents you
+	from making such a commit.  This option bypasses the safety, and
+	is primarily for use by foreign scm interface scripts.
+
+--cleanup=<mode>::
+	This option sets how the commit message is cleaned up.
+	The  '<mode>' can be one of 'verbatim', 'whitespace', 'strip',
+	and 'default'. The 'default' mode will strip leading and
+	trailing empty lines and #commentary from the commit message
+	only if the message is to be edited. Otherwise only whitespace
+	removed. The 'verbatim' mode does not change message at all,
+	'whitespace' removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines
+	and 'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary.
+
+-e::
+--edit::
 	The message taken from file with `-F`, command line with
 	`-m`, and from file with `-C` are usually used as the
 	commit log message unmodified.  This option lets you
 	further edit the message taken from these sources.
 
 --amend::
-
 	Used to amend the tip of the current branch. Prepare the tree
 	object you would want to replace the latest commit as usual
 	(this includes the usual -i/-o and explicit paths), and the
@@ -108,14 +146,56 @@ It is a rough equivalent for:
 ------
 but can be used to amend a merge commit.
 --
++
+You should understand the implications of rewriting history if you
+amend a commit that has already been published.  (See the "RECOVERING
+FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
 
--i|--include::
+-i::
+--include::
 	Before making a commit out of staged contents so far,
 	stage the contents of paths given on the command line
 	as well.  This is usually not what you want unless you
 	are concluding a conflicted merge.
 
--q|--quiet::
+-o::
+--only::
+	Make a commit only from the paths specified on the
+	command line, disregarding any contents that have been
+	staged so far. This is the default mode of operation of
+	'git-commit' if any paths are given on the command line,
+	in which case this option can be omitted.
+	If this option is specified together with '--amend', then
+	no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
+	the last commit without committing changes that have
+	already been staged.
+
+-u[<mode>]::
+--untracked-files[=<mode>]::
+	Show untracked files (Default: 'all').
++
+The mode parameter is optional, and is used to specify
+the handling of untracked files. The possible options are:
++
+--
+	- 'no'     - Show no untracked files
+	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
+	- 'all'    - Also shows individual files in untracked directories.
+--
++
+See linkgit:git-config[1] for configuration variable
+used to change the default for when the option is not
+specified.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Show unified diff between the HEAD commit and what
+	would be committed at the bottom of the commit message
+	template.  Note that this diff output doesn't have its
+	lines prefixed with '#'.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
 	Suppress commit summary message.
 
 \--::
@@ -133,10 +213,13 @@ EXAMPLES
 --------
 When recording your own work, the contents of modified files in
 your working tree are temporarily stored to a staging area
-called the "index" with gitlink:git-add[1].  Removal
-of a file is staged with gitlink:git-rm[1].  After building the
-state to be committed incrementally with these commands, `git
-commit` (without any pathname parameter) is used to record what
+called the "index" with 'git-add'.  A file can be
+reverted back, only in the index but not in the working tree,
+to that of the last commit with `git reset HEAD -- <file>`,
+which effectively reverts 'git-add' and prevents the changes to
+this file from participating in the next commit.  After building
+the state to be committed incrementally with these commands,
+`git commit` (without any pathname parameter) is used to record what
 has been staged so far.  This is the most basic form of the
 command.  An example:
 
@@ -189,13 +272,13 @@ $ git commit
 this second commit would record the changes to `hello.c` and
 `hello.h` as expected.
 
-After a merge (initiated by either gitlink:git-merge[1] or
-gitlink:git-pull[1]) stops because of conflicts, cleanly merged
+After a merge (initiated by 'git-merge' or 'git-pull') stops
+because of conflicts, cleanly merged
 paths are already staged to be committed for you, and paths that
 conflicted are left in unmerged state.  You would have to first
-check which paths are conflicting with gitlink:git-status[1]
+check which paths are conflicting with 'git-status'
 and after fixing them manually in your working tree, you would
-stage the result as usual with gitlink:git-add[1]:
+stage the result as usual with 'git-add':
 
 ------------
 $ git status | grep unmerged
@@ -231,32 +314,34 @@ on the Subject: line and the rest of the commit in the body.
 
 include::i18n.txt[]
 
-ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
----------------------
-The command specified by either the VISUAL or EDITOR environment
-variables is used to edit the commit log message.
+ENVIRONMENT AND CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+---------------------------------------
+The editor used to edit the commit log message will be chosen from the
+GIT_EDITOR environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
+VISUAL environment variable, or the EDITOR environment variable (in that
+order).
 
 HOOKS
 -----
-This command can run `commit-msg`, `pre-commit`, and
-`post-commit` hooks.  See link:hooks.html[hooks] for more
+This command can run `commit-msg`, `prepare-commit-msg`, `pre-commit`,
+and `post-commit` hooks.  See linkgit:githooks[5] for more
 information.
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-add[1],
-gitlink:git-rm[1],
-gitlink:git-mv[1],
-gitlink:git-merge[1],
-gitlink:git-commit-tree[1]
+linkgit:git-add[1],
+linkgit:git-rm[1],
+linkgit:git-mv[1],
+linkgit:git-merge[1],
+linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index c759efb7fc..f68b198205 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -9,16 +9,20 @@ git-config - Get and set repository or global options
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] name [value [value_regex]]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --add name value
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --replace-all name [value [value_regex]]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --get name [value_regex]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --get-all name [value_regex]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --unset name [value_regex]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --unset-all name [value_regex]
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --rename-section old_name new_name
-'git-config' [--global] [type] --remove-section name
-'git-config' [--global] -l | --list
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --add name value
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --replace-all name value [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] --unset name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] --unset-all name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] --rename-section old_name new_name
+'git config' [<file-option>] --remove-section name
+'git config' [<file-option>] [-z|--null] -l | --list
+'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color name [default]
+'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]
+'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -31,23 +35,29 @@ If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
 lines, a POSIX regexp `value_regex` needs to be given.  Only the
 existing values that match the regexp are updated or unset.  If
 you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the regex, just
-prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see EXAMPLES).
+prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>).
 
 The type specifier can be either '--int' or '--bool', which will make
 'git-config' ensure that the variable(s) are of the given type and
 convert the value to the canonical form (simple decimal number for int,
-a "true" or "false" string for bool). If no type specifier is passed,
+a "true" or "false" string for bool).  If no type specifier is passed,
 no checks or transformations are performed on the value.
 
+The file-option can be one of '--system', '--global' or '--file'
+which specify where the values will be read from or written to.
+The default is to assume the config file of the current repository,
+.git/config unless defined otherwise with GIT_DIR and GIT_CONFIG
+(see <<FILES>>).
+
 This command will fail if:
 
-. The .git/config file is invalid,
-. Can not write to .git/config,
+. The config file is invalid,
+. Can not write to the config file,
 . no section was provided,
 . the section or key is invalid,
 . you try to unset an option which does not exist,
 . you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match, or
-. you use --global option without $HOME being properly set.
+. you use '--global' option without $HOME being properly set.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -59,7 +69,8 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --add::
 	Adds a new line to the option without altering any existing
-	values.  This is the same as providing '^$' as the value_regex.
+	values.  This is the same as providing '^$' as the value_regex
+	in `--replace-all`.
 
 --get::
 	Get the value for a given key (optionally filtered by a regex
@@ -72,9 +83,29 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --get-regexp::
 	Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression.
+	Also outputs the key names.
 
 --global::
-	Use global ~/.gitconfig file rather than the repository .git/config.
+	For writing options: write to global ~/.gitconfig file rather than
+	the repository .git/config.
++
+For reading options: read only from global ~/.gitconfig rather than
+from all available files.
++
+See also <<FILES>>.
+
+--system::
+	For writing options: write to system-wide $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig
+	rather than the repository .git/config.
++
+For reading options: read only from system-wide $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig
+rather than from all available files.
++
+See also <<FILES>>.
+
+-f config-file::
+--file config-file::
+	Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
 
 --remove-section::
 	Remove the given section from the configuration file.
@@ -88,34 +119,104 @@ OPTIONS
 --unset-all::
 	Remove all lines matching the key from config file.
 
--l, --list::
+-l::
+--list::
 	List all variables set in config file.
 
 --bool::
-	git-config will ensure that the output is "true" or "false"
+	'git-config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false"
 
 --int::
-	git-config will ensure that the output is a simple
+	'git-config' will ensure that the output is a simple
 	decimal number.  An optional value suffix of 'k', 'm', or 'g'
 	in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
 	by 1024, 1048576, or 1073741824 prior to output.
 
+--bool-or-int::
+	'git-config' will ensure that the output matches the format of
+	either --bool or --int, as described above.
+
+-z::
+--null::
+	For all options that output values and/or keys, always
+	end values with the null character (instead of a
+	newline). Use newline instead as a delimiter between
+	key and value. This allows for secure parsing of the
+	output without getting confused e.g. by values that
+	contain line breaks.
+
+--get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]::
+
+	Find the color setting for `name` (e.g. `color.diff`) and output
+	"true" or "false".  `stdout-is-tty` should be either "true" or
+	"false", and is taken into account when configuration says
+	"auto".  If `stdout-is-tty` is missing, then checks the standard
+	output of the command itself, and exits with status 0 if color
+	is to be used, or exits with status 1 otherwise.
+	When the color setting for `name` is undefined, the command uses
+	`color.ui` as fallback.
+
+--get-color name [default]::
+
+	Find the color configured for `name` (e.g. `color.diff.new`) and
+	output it as the ANSI color escape sequence to the standard
+	output.  The optional `default` parameter is used instead, if
+	there is no color configured for `name`.
+
+-e::
+--edit::
+	Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
+	'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
+
+[[FILES]]
+FILES
+-----
+
+If not set explicitly with '--file', there are three files where
+'git-config' will search for configuration options:
+
+$GIT_DIR/config::
+	Repository specific configuration file. (The filename is
+	of course relative to the repository root, not the working
+	directory.)
+
+~/.gitconfig::
+	User-specific configuration file. Also called "global"
+	configuration file.
+
+$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
+	System-wide configuration file.
+
+If no further options are given, all reading options will read all of these
+files that are available. If the global or the system-wide configuration
+file are not available they will be ignored. If the repository configuration
+file is not available or readable, 'git-config' will exit with a non-zero
+error code. However, in neither case will an error message be issued.
+
+All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
+configuration file. Note that this also affects options like '--replace-all'
+and '--unset'. *'git-config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
+
+You can override these rules either by command line options or by environment
+variables. The '--global' and the '--system' options will limit the file used
+to the global or system-wide file respectively. The GIT_CONFIG environment
+variable has a similar effect, but you can specify any filename you want.
+
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
 
 GIT_CONFIG::
 	Take the configuration from the given file instead of .git/config.
-	Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig.
+	Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig. Using the
+	"--system" option forces this to $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig.
 
-GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL::
-	Currently the same as $GIT_CONFIG; when Git will support global
-	configuration files, this will cause it to take the configuration
-	from the global configuration file in addition to the given file.
+See also <<FILES>>.
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+[[EXAMPLES]]
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 Given a .git/config like this:
 
@@ -132,14 +233,12 @@ Given a .git/config like this:
 
 	; Our diff algorithm
 	[diff]
-		external = "/usr/local/bin/gnu-diff -u"
+		external = /usr/local/bin/diff-wrapper
 		renames = true
 
 	; Proxy settings
 	[core]
-		gitproxy="ssh" for "ssh://kernel.org/"
 		gitproxy="proxy-command" for kernel.org
-		gitproxy="myprotocol-command" for "my://"
 		gitproxy=default-proxy ; for all the rest
 
 you can set the filemode to true with
@@ -191,7 +290,7 @@ If you want to know all the values for a multivar, do:
 % git config --get-all core.gitproxy
 ------------
 
-If you like to live dangerous, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
+If you like to live dangerously, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
 new one with
 
 ------------
@@ -214,9 +313,18 @@ To actually match only values with an exclamation mark, you have to
 To add a new proxy, without altering any of the existing ones, use
 
 ------------
-% git config core.gitproxy '"proxy" for example.com'
+% git config core.gitproxy '"proxy-command" for example.com'
 ------------
 
+An example to use customized color from the configuration in your
+script:
+
+------------
+#!/bin/sh
+WS=$(git config --get-color color.diff.whitespace "blue reverse")
+RESET=$(git config --get-color "" "reset")
+echo "${WS}your whitespace color or blue reverse${RESET}"
+------------
 
 include::config.txt[]
 
@@ -231,5 +339,4 @@ Documentation by Johannes Schindelin, Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.ker
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
index 91c8c92c76..6bc1c21e62 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-count-objects - Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-count-objects' [-v]
+'git count-objects' [-v]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,15 +18,17 @@ them, to help you decide when it is a good time to repack.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -v::
+--verbose::
 	In addition to the number of loose objects and disk
 	space consumed, it reports the number of in-pack
-	objects, number of packs, and number of objects that can be
-	removed by running `git-prune-packed`.
+	objects, number of packs, disk space consumed by those packs,
+	and number of objects that can be removed by running
+	`git prune-packed`.
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -34,5 +36,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
index 555b8234f0..abaaf273bb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
@@ -8,25 +8,27 @@ git-cvsexportcommit - Export a single commit to a CVS checkout
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-cvsexportcommit' [-h] [-v] [-c] [-P] [-p] [-a] [-d cvsroot] [-f] [-m msgprefix] [PARENTCOMMIT] COMMITID
+'git cvsexportcommit' [-h] [-u] [-v] [-c] [-P] [-p] [-a] [-d cvsroot]
+	[-w cvsworkdir] [-W] [-f] [-m msgprefix] [PARENTCOMMIT] COMMITID
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Exports a commit from GIT to a CVS checkout, making it easier
-to merge patches from a git repository into a CVS repository. 
+to merge patches from a git repository into a CVS repository.
 
-Execute it from the root of the CVS working copy. GIT_DIR must be defined. 
-See examples below.
+Specify the name of a CVS checkout using the -w switch or execute it
+from the root of the CVS working copy. In the latter case GIT_DIR must
+be defined. See examples below.
 
-It does its best to do the safe thing, it will check that the files are 
-unchanged and up to date in the CVS checkout, and it will not autocommit 
+It does its best to do the safe thing, it will check that the files are
+unchanged and up to date in the CVS checkout, and it will not autocommit
 by default.
 
 Supports file additions, removals, and commits that affect binary files.
 
-If the commit is a merge commit, you must tell git-cvsapplycommit what parent
-should the changeset be done against. 
+If the commit is a merge commit, you must tell 'git-cvsexportcommit' what
+parent the changeset should be done against.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -55,12 +57,35 @@ OPTIONS
 	Force the parent commit, even if it is not a direct parent.
 
 -m::
-	Prepend the commit message with the provided prefix. 
+	Prepend the commit message with the provided prefix.
 	Useful for patch series and the like.
 
+-u::
+	Update affected files from CVS repository before attempting export.
+
+-k::
+	Reverse CVS keyword expansion (e.g. $Revision: 1.2.3.4$
+	becomes $Revision$) in working CVS checkout before applying patch.
+
+-w::
+	Specify the location of the CVS checkout to use for the export. This
+	option does not require GIT_DIR to be set before execution if the
+	current directory is within a git repository.  The default is the
+	value of 'cvsexportcommit.cvsdir'.
+
+-W::
+	Tell cvsexportcommit that the current working directory is not only
+	a Git checkout, but also the CVS checkout.  Therefore, Git will
+	reset the working directory to the parent commit before proceeding.
+
 -v::
 	Verbose.
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+cvsexportcommit.cvsdir::
+	The default location of the CVS checkout to use for the export.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
@@ -69,27 +94,32 @@ Merge one patch into CVS::
 ------------
 $ export GIT_DIR=~/project/.git
 $ cd ~/project_cvs_checkout
-$ git-cvsexportcommit -v <commit-sha1>
-$ cvs commit -F .mgs <files> 
+$ git cvsexportcommit -v <commit-sha1>
+$ cvs commit -F .msg <files>
 ------------
 
-Merge pending patches into CVS automatically -- only if you really know what you are doing ::
+Merge one patch into CVS (-c and -w options). The working directory is within the Git Repo::
++
+------------
+	$ git cvsexportcommit -v -c -w ~/project_cvs_checkout <commit-sha1>
+------------
+
+Merge pending patches into CVS automatically -- only if you really know what you are doing::
 +
 ------------
 $ export GIT_DIR=~/project/.git
 $ cd ~/project_cvs_checkout
-$ git-cherry cvshead myhead | sed -n 's/^+ //p' | xargs -l1 git-cvsexportcommit -c -p -v
+$ git cherry cvshead myhead | sed -n 's/^+ //p' | xargs -l1 git cvsexportcommit -c -p -v
 ------------
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz>
+Written by Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz> and others.
 
 Documentation
 --------------
-Documentation by Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz>
+Documentation by Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz> and others.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index e0be856546..614e769f4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ git-cvsimport - Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-cvsimport' [-o <branch-for-HEAD>] [-h] [-v] [-d <CVSROOT>]
+'git cvsimport' [-o <branch-for-HEAD>] [-h] [-v] [-d <CVSROOT>]
 	      [-A <author-conv-file>] [-p <options-for-cvsps>] [-P <file>]
 	      [-C <git_repository>] [-z <fuzz>] [-i] [-k] [-u] [-s <subst>]
 	      [-a] [-m] [-M <regex>] [-S <regex>] [-L <commitlimit>]
-	      [<CVS_module>]
+	      [-r <remote>] [<CVS_module>]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -24,11 +24,22 @@ repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
 Splitting the CVS log into patch sets is done by 'cvsps'.
 At least version 2.1 is required.
 
+*WARNING:* for certain situations the import leads to incorrect results.
+Please see the section <<issues,ISSUES>> for further reference.
+
 You should *never* do any work of your own on the branches that are
-created by git-cvsimport. The initial import will create and populate a
+created by 'git-cvsimport'.  By default initial import will create and populate a
 "master" branch from the CVS repository's main branch which you're free
-to work with; after that, you need to 'git merge' incremental imports, or
-any CVS branches, yourself.
+to work with; after that, you need to 'git-merge' incremental imports, or
+any CVS branches, yourself.  It is advisable to specify a named remote via
+-r to separate and protect the incoming branches.
+
+If you intend to set up a shared public repository that all developers can
+read/write, or if you want to use linkgit:git-cvsserver[1], then you
+probably want to make a bare clone of the imported repository,
+and use the clone as the shared repository.
+See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
+
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -37,24 +48,33 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -d <CVSROOT>::
 	The root of the CVS archive. May be local (a simple path) or remote;
-	currently, only the :local:, :ext: and :pserver: access methods 
-	are supported. If not given, git-cvsimport will try to read it
+	currently, only the :local:, :ext: and :pserver: access methods
+	are supported. If not given, 'git-cvsimport' will try to read it
 	from `CVS/Root`. If no such file exists, it checks for the
 	`CVSROOT` environment variable.
 
 <CVS_module>::
 	The CVS module you want to import. Relative to <CVSROOT>.
-	If not given, git-cvsimport tries to read it from
+	If not given, 'git-cvsimport' tries to read it from
 	`CVS/Repository`.
 
 -C <target-dir>::
         The git repository to import to.  If the directory doesn't
         exist, it will be created.  Default is the current directory.
 
+-r <remote>::
+	The git remote to import this CVS repository into.
+	Moves all CVS branches into remotes/<remote>/<branch>
+	akin to the way 'git-clone' uses 'origin' by default.
+
 -o <branch-for-HEAD>::
-	The 'HEAD' branch from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within
-	the git repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for git.
-	Use this option if you want to import into a different branch.
+	When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
+	from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the git
+	repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for git.
+	When a remote is specified the 'HEAD' branch is named
+	remotes/<remote>/master mirroring 'git-clone' behaviour.
+	Use this option if you want to import into a different
+	branch.
 +
 Use '-o master' for continuing an import that was initially done by
 the old cvs2git tool.
@@ -67,7 +87,7 @@ the old cvs2git tool.
 -k::
 	Kill keywords: will extract files with '-kk' from the CVS archive
 	to avoid noisy changesets. Highly recommended, but off by default
-	to preserve compatibility with early imported trees. 
+	to preserve compatibility with early imported trees.
 
 -u::
 	Convert underscores in tag and branch names to dots.
@@ -89,15 +109,19 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
 	Instead of calling cvsps, read the provided cvsps output file. Useful
 	for debugging or when cvsps is being handled outside cvsimport.
 
--m::    
+-m::
 	Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message. This option
-	will enable default regexes that try to capture the name source 
-	branch name from the commit message. 
+	will enable default regexes that try to capture the source
+	branch name from the commit message.
 
 -M <regex>::
 	Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
-	regex. It can be used with '-m' to also see the default regexes.
-	You must escape forward slashes. 
+	regex. It can be used with '-m' to enable the default regexes
+	as well. You must escape forward slashes.
++
+The regex must capture the source branch name in $1.
++
+This option can be used several times to provide several detection regexes.
 
 -S <regex>::
 	Skip paths matching the regex.
@@ -121,17 +145,17 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
 
 ---------
 +
-git-cvsimport will make it appear as those authors had
+'git-cvsimport' will make it appear as those authors had
 their GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL set properly
 all along.
 +
 For convenience, this data is saved to `$GIT_DIR/cvs-authors`
 each time the '-A' option is provided and read from that same
-file each time git-cvsimport is run.
+file each time 'git-cvsimport' is run.
 +
 It is not recommended to use this feature if you intend to
 export changes back to CVS again later with
-gitlink:git-cvsexportcommit[1].
+'git-cvsexportcommit'.
 
 -h::
 	Print a short usage message and exit.
@@ -143,6 +167,39 @@ If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
 Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
 a zero exit status.
 
+[[issues]]
+ISSUES
+------
+Problems related to timestamps:
+
+ * If timestamps of commits in the cvs repository are not stable enough
+   to be used for ordering commits changes may show up in the wrong
+   order.
+ * If any files were ever "cvs import"ed more than once (e.g., import of
+   more than one vendor release) the HEAD contains the wrong content.
+ * If the timestamp order of different files cross the revision order
+   within the commit matching time window the order of commits may be
+   wrong.
+
+Problems related to branches:
+
+ * Branches on which no commits have been made are not imported.
+ * All files from the branching point are added to a branch even if
+   never added in cvs.
+ * This applies to files added to the source branch *after* a daughter
+   branch was created: if previously no commit was made on the daughter
+   branch they will erroneously be added to the daughter branch in git.
+
+Problems related to tags:
+
+* Multiple tags on the same revision are not imported.
+
+If you suspect that any of these issues may apply to the repository you
+want to import consider using these alternative tools which proved to be
+more stable in practice:
+
+* cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), `http://cvs2svn.tigris.org`
+* parsecvs, `http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~keithp/parsecvs`
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -155,5 +212,4 @@ Documentation by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index f9e0c77379..785779e221 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -7,10 +7,56 @@ git-cvsserver - A CVS server emulator for git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
+
+SSH:
+
 [verse]
-export CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver"
 'cvs' -d :ext:user@server/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name>
 
+pserver (/etc/inetd.conf):
+
+[verse]
+cvspserver stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git-cvsserver git-cvsserver pserver
+
+Usage:
+
+[verse]
+'git cvsserver' [options] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+All these options obviously only make sense if enforced by the server side.
+They have been implemented to resemble the linkgit:git-daemon[1] options as
+closely as possible.
+
+--base-path <path>::
+Prepend 'path' to requested CVSROOT
+
+--strict-paths::
+Don't allow recursing into subdirectories
+
+--export-all::
+Don't check for `gitcvs.enabled` in config. You also have to specify a list
+of allowed directories (see below) if you want to use this option.
+
+-V::
+--version::
+Print version information and exit
+
+-h::
+-H::
+--help::
+Print usage information and exit
+
+<directory>::
+You can specify a list of allowed directories. If no directories
+are given, all are allowed. This is an additional restriction, gitcvs
+access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
+unless '--export-all' was given, too.
+
+
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
@@ -31,6 +77,10 @@ over pserver for anonymous CVS access.
 
 CVS clients cannot tag, branch or perform GIT merges.
 
+'git-cvsserver' maps GIT branches to CVS modules. This is very different
+from what most CVS users would expect since in CVS modules usually represent
+one or more directories.
+
 INSTALLATION
 ------------
 
@@ -42,16 +92,30 @@ INSTALLATION
    cvspserver stream tcp nowait nobody git-cvsserver pserver
 
 ------
-Note: In some cases, you need to pass the 'pserver' argument twice for
-git-cvsserver to see it. So the line would look like
+Note: Some inetd servers let you specify the name of the executable
+independently of the value of argv[0] (i.e. the name the program assumes
+it was executed with). In this case the correct line in /etc/inetd.conf
+looks like
 
 ------
-   cvspserver stream tcp nowait nobody git-cvsserver pserver pserver
+   cvspserver stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git-cvsserver git-cvsserver pserver
 
 ------
 No special setup is needed for SSH access, other than having GIT tools
 in the PATH. If you have clients that do not accept the CVS_SERVER
-env variable, you can rename git-cvsserver to cvs.
+environment variable, you can rename 'git-cvsserver' to `cvs`.
+
+Note: Newer CVS versions (>= 1.12.11) also support specifying
+CVS_SERVER directly in CVSROOT like
+
+------
+cvs -d ":ext;CVS_SERVER=git cvsserver:user@server/path/repo.git" co <HEAD_name>
+------
+This has the advantage that it will be saved in your 'CVS/Root' files and
+you don't need to worry about always setting the correct environment
+variable.  SSH users restricted to 'git-shell' don't need to override the default
+with CVS_SERVER (and shouldn't) as 'git-shell' understands `cvs` to mean
+'git-cvsserver' and pretends that the other end runs the real 'cvs' better.
 --
 2. For each repo that you want accessible from CVS you need to edit config in
    the repo and add the following section.
@@ -64,35 +128,144 @@ env variable, you can rename git-cvsserver to cvs.
         logfile=/path/to/logfile
 
 ------
-Note: you need to ensure each user that is going to invoke git-cvsserver has
-write access to the log file and to the git repository. When offering anon
-access via pserver, this means that the nobody user should have write access
-to at least the sqlite database at the root of the repository.
+Note: you need to ensure each user that is going to invoke 'git-cvsserver' has
+write access to the log file and to the database (see
+<<dbbackend,Database Backend>>. If you want to offer write access over
+SSH, the users of course also need write access to the git repository itself.
+
+You also need to ensure that each repository is "bare" (without a git index
+file) for `cvs commit` to work. See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
+
+[[configaccessmethod]]
+All configuration variables can also be overridden for a specific method of
+access. Valid method names are "ext" (for SSH access) and "pserver". The
+following example configuration would disable pserver access while still
+allowing access over SSH.
+------
+   [gitcvs]
+        enabled=0
+
+   [gitcvs "ext"]
+        enabled=1
+------
 --
-3. On the client machine you need to set the following variables.
-   CVSROOT should be set as per normal, but the directory should point at the
-   appropriate git repo. For example:
+3. If you didn't specify the CVSROOT/CVS_SERVER directly in the checkout command,
+   automatically saving it in your 'CVS/Root' files, then you need to set them
+   explicitly in your environment.  CVSROOT should be set as per normal, but the
+   directory should point at the appropriate git repo.  As above, for SSH clients
+   _not_ restricted to 'git-shell', CVS_SERVER should be set to 'git-cvsserver'.
 +
 --
-For SSH access, CVS_SERVER should be set to git-cvsserver
-
-Example:
-
 ------
      export CVSROOT=:ext:user@server:/var/git/project.git
-     export CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+     export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver"
 ------
 --
-4. For SSH clients that will make commits, make sure their .bashrc file
-   sets the GIT_AUTHOR and GIT_COMMITTER variables.
+4. For SSH clients that will make commits, make sure their server-side
+   .ssh/environment files (or .bashrc, etc., according to their specific shell)
+   export appropriate values for GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL,
+   GIT_COMMITTER_NAME, and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL.  For SSH clients whose login
+   shell is bash, .bashrc may be a reasonable alternative.
 
 5. Clients should now be able to check out the project. Use the CVS 'module'
-   name to indicate what GIT 'head' you want to check out. Example:
+   name to indicate what GIT 'head' you want to check out.  This also sets the
+   name of your newly checked-out directory, unless you tell it otherwise with
+   `-d <dir_name>`.  For example, this checks out 'master' branch to the
+   `project-master` directory:
 +
 ------
      cvs co -d project-master master
 ------
 
+[[dbbackend]]
+Database Backend
+----------------
+
+'git-cvsserver' uses one database per git head (i.e. CVS module) to
+store information about the repository for faster access. The
+database doesn't contain any persistent data and can be completely
+regenerated from the git repository at any time. The database
+needs to be updated (i.e. written to) after every commit.
+
+If the commit is done directly by using `git` (as opposed to
+using 'git-cvsserver') the update will need to happen on the
+next repository access by 'git-cvsserver', independent of
+access method and requested operation.
+
+That means that even if you offer only read access (e.g. by using
+the pserver method), 'git-cvsserver' should have write access to
+the database to work reliably (otherwise you need to make sure
+that the database is up-to-date any time 'git-cvsserver' is executed).
+
+By default it uses SQLite databases in the git directory, named
+`gitcvs.<module_name>.sqlite`. Note that the SQLite backend creates
+temporary files in the same directory as the database file on
+write so it might not be enough to grant the users using
+'git-cvsserver' write access to the database file without granting
+them write access to the directory, too.
+
+You can configure the database backend with the following
+configuration variables:
+
+Configuring database backend
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+'git-cvsserver' uses the Perl DBI module. Please also read
+its documentation if changing these variables, especially
+about `DBI->connect()`.
+
+gitcvs.dbname::
+	Database name. The exact meaning depends on the
+	selected database driver, for SQLite this is a filename.
+	Supports variable substitution (see below). May
+	not contain semicolons (`;`).
+	Default: '%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite'
+
+gitcvs.dbdriver::
+	Used DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
+	for this here, but it might not work. cvsserver is tested
+	with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with
+	'DBD::Pg', and reported *not* to work with 'DBD::mysql'.
+	Please regard this as an experimental feature. May not
+	contain colons (`:`).
+	Default: 'SQLite'
+
+gitcvs.dbuser::
+	Database user. Only useful if setting `dbdriver`, since
+	SQLite has no concept of database users. Supports variable
+	substitution (see below).
+
+gitcvs.dbpass::
+	Database password.  Only useful if setting `dbdriver`, since
+	SQLite has no concept of database passwords.
+
+gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
+	Database table name prefix.  Supports variable substitution
+	(see below).  Any non-alphabetic characters will be replaced
+	with underscores.
+
+All variables can also be set per access method, see <<configaccessmethod,above>>.
+
+Variable substitution
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+In `dbdriver` and `dbuser` you can use the following variables:
+
+%G::
+	git directory name
+%g::
+	git directory name, where all characters except for
+	alpha-numeric ones, `.`, and `-` are replaced with
+	`_` (this should make it easier to use the directory
+	name in a filename if wanted)
+%m::
+	CVS module/git head name
+%a::
+	access method (one of "ext" or "pserver")
+%u::
+	Name of the user running 'git-cvsserver'.
+	If no name can be determined, the
+	numeric uid is used.
+
 Eclipse CVS Client Notes
 ------------------------
 
@@ -110,13 +283,13 @@ To get a checkout with the Eclipse CVS client:
 Protocol notes: If you are using anonymous access via pserver, just select that.
 Those using SSH access should choose the 'ext' protocol, and configure 'ext'
 access on the Preferences->Team->CVS->ExtConnection pane. Set CVS_SERVER to
-'git-cvsserver'. Note that password support is not good when using 'ext',
+"'git cvsserver'". Note that password support is not good when using 'ext',
 you will definitely want to have SSH keys setup.
 
 Alternatively, you can just use the non-standard extssh protocol that Eclipse
 offer. In that case CVS_SERVER is ignored, and you will have to replace
-the cvs utility on the server with git-cvsserver or manipulate your `.bashrc`
-so that calling 'cvs' effectively calls git-cvsserver.
+the cvs utility on the server with 'git-cvsserver' or manipulate your `.bashrc`
+so that calling 'cvs' effectively calls 'git-cvsserver'.
 
 Clients known to work
 ---------------------
@@ -134,16 +307,37 @@ checkout, diff, status, update, log, add, remove, commit.
 Legacy monitoring operations are not supported (edit, watch and related).
 Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
 
-The server should set the '-k' mode to binary when relevant, however,
-this is not really implemented yet. For now, you can force the server
-to set '-kb' for all files by setting the `gitcvs.allbinary` config
-variable. In proper GIT tradition, the contents of the files are
-always respected. No keyword expansion or newline munging is supported.
+CRLF Line Ending Conversions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+By default the server leaves the '-k' mode blank for all files,
+which causes the cvs client to treat them as a text files, subject
+to crlf conversion on some platforms.
+
+You can make the server use `crlf` attributes to set the '-k' modes
+for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` config variable.
+In this case, if `crlf` is explicitly unset ('-crlf'), then the
+server will set '-kb' mode for binary files. If `crlf` is set,
+then the '-k' mode will explicitly be left blank.  See
+also linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information about the `crlf`
+attribute.
+
+Alternatively, if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` config is not enabled
+or if the `crlf` attribute is unspecified for a filename, then
+the server uses the `gitcvs.allbinary` config for the default setting.
+If `gitcvs.allbinary` is set, then file not otherwise
+specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the '-k' mode
+is left blank. But if `gitcvs.allbinary` is set to "guess", then
+the correct '-k' mode will be guessed based on the contents of
+the file.
+
+For best consistency with 'cvs', it is probably best to override the
+defaults by setting `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` to true,
+and `gitcvs.allbinary` to "guess".
 
 Dependencies
 ------------
-
-git-cvsserver depends on DBD::SQLite.
+'git-cvsserver' depends on DBD::SQLite.
 
 Copyright and Authors
 ---------------------
@@ -163,4 +357,4 @@ Documentation by Martyn Smith <martyn@catalyst.net.nz>, Martin Langhoff <martin@
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index 9ddab71203..a85121c689 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ git-daemon - A really simple server for git repositories
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-daemon' [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]
-             [--timeout=n] [--init-timeout=n] [--strict-paths]
-             [--base-path=path] [--user-path | --user-path=path]
-             [--interpolated-path=pathtemplate]
-             [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=file]
-             [--enable=service] [--disable=service]
+'git daemon' [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]
+	     [--timeout=n] [--init-timeout=n] [--max-connections=n]
+	     [--strict-paths] [--base-path=path] [--base-path-relaxed]
+	     [--user-path | --user-path=path]
+	     [--interpolated-path=pathtemplate]
+	     [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=file]
+	     [--enable=service] [--disable=service]
 	     [--allow-override=service] [--forbid-override=service]
 	     [--inetd | [--listen=host_or_ipaddr] [--port=n] [--user=user [--group=group]]
 	     [directory...]
@@ -31,29 +32,35 @@ pass some directory paths as 'git-daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
 the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
 
 By default, only `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
-`git-fetch-pack` and `git-peek-remote` clients that are invoked
-from `git-fetch`, `git-ls-remote`, and `git-clone`.
+'git-fetch-pack' and 'git-ls-remote' clients, which are invoked
+from 'git-fetch', 'git-pull', and 'git-clone'.
 
 This is ideally suited for read-only updates, i.e., pulling from
 git repositories.
 
-An `upload-archive` also exists to serve `git-archive`.
+An `upload-archive` also exists to serve 'git-archive'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --strict-paths::
 	Match paths exactly (i.e. don't allow "/foo/repo" when the real path is
 	"/foo/repo.git" or "/foo/repo/.git") and don't do user-relative paths.
-	git-daemon will refuse to start when this option is enabled and no
+	'git-daemon' will refuse to start when this option is enabled and no
 	whitelist is specified.
 
---base-path::
+--base-path=path::
 	Remap all the path requests as relative to the given path.
-	This is sort of "GIT root" - if you run git-daemon with
+	This is sort of "GIT root" - if you run 'git-daemon' with
 	'--base-path=/srv/git' on example.com, then if you later try to pull
-	'git://example.com/hello.git', `git-daemon` will interpret the path
+	'git://example.com/hello.git', 'git-daemon' will interpret the path
 	as '/srv/git/hello.git'.
 
+--base-path-relaxed::
+	If --base-path is enabled and repo lookup fails, with this option
+	'git-daemon' will attempt to lookup without prefixing the base path.
+	This is useful for switching to --base-path usage, while still
+	allowing the old paths.
+
 --interpolated-path=pathtemplate::
 	To support virtual hosting, an interpolated path template can be
 	used to dynamically construct alternate paths.  The template
@@ -74,8 +81,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Incompatible with --port, --listen, --user and --group options.
 
 --listen=host_or_ipaddr::
-	Listen on an a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
-	be either an IPv4 address or an IPV6 address if supported.  If IPv6
+	Listen on a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
+	be either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address if supported.  If IPv6
 	is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
 	--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
 	Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
@@ -83,24 +90,29 @@ OPTIONS
 --port=n::
 	Listen on an alternative port.  Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
 
---init-timeout::
+--init-timeout=n::
 	Timeout between the moment the connection is established and the
 	client request is received (typically a rather low value, since
 	that should be basically immediate).
 
---timeout::
+--timeout=n::
 	Timeout for specific client sub-requests. This includes the time
-	it takes for the server to process the sub-request and time spent
-	waiting for next client's request.
+	it takes for the server to process the sub-request and the time spent
+	waiting for the next client's request.
+
+--max-connections=n::
+	Maximum number of concurrent clients, defaults to 32.  Set it to
+	zero for no limit.
 
 --syslog::
 	Log to syslog instead of stderr. Note that this option does not imply
 	--verbose, thus by default only error conditions will be logged.
 
---user-path, --user-path=path::
-	Allow ~user notation to be used in requests.  When
+--user-path::
+--user-path=path::
+	Allow {tilde}user notation to be used in requests.  When
 	specified with no parameter, requests to
-	git://host/~alice/foo is taken as a request to access
+	git://host/{tilde}alice/foo is taken as a request to access
 	'foo' repository in the home directory of user `alice`.
 	If `--user-path=path` is specified, the same request is
 	taken as a request to access `path/foo` repository in
@@ -118,9 +130,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Detach from the shell. Implies --syslog.
 
 --pid-file=file::
-	Save the process id in 'file'.
+	Save the process id in 'file'.  Ignored when the daemon
+	is run under `--inetd`.
 
---user=user, --group=group::
+--user=user::
+--group=group::
 	Change daemon's uid and gid before entering the service loop.
 	When only `--user` is given without `--group`, the
 	primary group ID for the user is used.  The values of
@@ -129,16 +143,18 @@ OPTIONS
 +
 Giving these options is an error when used with `--inetd`; use
 the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
-`git-daemon` if needed.
+'git-daemon' if needed.
 
---enable=service, --disable=service::
+--enable=service::
+--disable=service::
 	Enable/disable the service site-wide per default.  Note
 	that a service disabled site-wide can still be enabled
 	per repository if it is marked overridable and the
-	repository enables the service with an configuration
+	repository enables the service with a configuration
 	item.
 
---allow-override=service, --forbid-override=service::
+--allow-override=service::
+--forbid-override=service::
 	Allow/forbid overriding the site-wide default with per
 	repository configuration.  By default, all the services
 	are overridable.
@@ -151,14 +167,33 @@ the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
 SERVICES
 --------
 
+These services can be globally enabled/disabled using the
+command line options of this command.  If a finer-grained
+control is desired (e.g. to allow 'git-archive' to be run
+against only in a few selected repositories the daemon serves),
+the per-repository configuration file can be used to enable or
+disable them.
+
 upload-pack::
-	This serves `git-fetch-pack` and `git-peek-remote`
+	This serves 'git-fetch-pack' and 'git-ls-remote'
 	clients.  It is enabled by default, but a repository can
 	disable it by setting `daemon.uploadpack` configuration
 	item to `false`.
 
 upload-archive::
-	This serves `git-archive --remote`.
+	This serves 'git-archive --remote'.  It is disabled by
+	default, but a repository can enable it by setting
+	`daemon.uploadarch` configuration item to `true`.
+
+receive-pack::
+	This serves 'git-send-pack' clients, allowing anonymous
+	push.  It is disabled by default, as there is _no_
+	authentication in the protocol (in other words, anybody
+	can push anything into the repository, including removal
+	of refs).  This is solely meant for a closed LAN setting
+	where everybody is friendly.  This service can be
+	enabled by `daemon.receivepack` configuration item to
+	`true`.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -169,28 +204,28 @@ $ grep 9418 /etc/services
 git		9418/tcp		# Git Version Control System
 ------------
 
-git-daemon as inetd server::
-	To set up `git-daemon` as an inetd service that handles any
+'git-daemon' as inetd server::
+	To set up 'git-daemon' as an inetd service that handles any
 	repository under the whitelisted set of directories, /pub/foo
 	and /pub/bar, place an entry like the following into
 	/etc/inetd all on one line:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
-	git stream tcp nowait nobody  /usr/bin/git-daemon
-		git-daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
+	git stream tcp nowait nobody  /usr/bin/git
+		git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
 		/pub/foo /pub/bar
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 
-git-daemon as inetd server for virtual hosts::
-	To set up `git-daemon` as an inetd service that handles
+'git-daemon' as inetd server for virtual hosts::
+	To set up 'git-daemon' as an inetd service that handles
 	repositories for different virtual hosts, `www.example.com`
 	and `www.example.org`, place an entry like the following into
 	`/etc/inetd` all on one line:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
-	git stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git-daemon
-		git-daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
+	git stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git
+		git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
 		--interpolated-path=/pub/%H%D
 		/pub/www.example.org/software
 		/pub/www.example.com/software
@@ -205,13 +240,13 @@ clients, a symlink from `/software` into the appropriate
 default repository could be made as well.
 
 
-git-daemon as regular daemon for virtual hosts::
-	To set up `git-daemon` as a regular, non-inetd service that
+'git-daemon' as regular daemon for virtual hosts::
+	To set up 'git-daemon' as a regular, non-inetd service that
 	handles repositories for multiple virtual hosts based on
 	their IP addresses, start the daemon like this:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
-	git-daemon --verbose --export-all
+	git daemon --verbose --export-all
 		--interpolated-path=/pub/%IP/%D
 		/pub/192.168.1.200/software
 		/pub/10.10.220.23/software
@@ -222,6 +257,27 @@ a subdirectory for each virtual host IP address supported.
 Repositories can still be accessed by hostname though, assuming
 they correspond to these IP addresses.
 
+selectively enable/disable services per repository::
+	To enable 'git-archive --remote' and disable 'git-fetch' against
+	a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
+	repository (that is the file 'config' next to 'HEAD', 'refs' and
+	'objects').
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+	[daemon]
+		uploadpack = false
+		uploadarch = true
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+ENVIRONMENT
+-----------
+'git-daemon' will set REMOTE_ADDR to the IP address of the client
+that connected to it, if the IP address is available. REMOTE_ADDR will
+be available in the environment of hooks called when
+services are performed.
+
+
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -234,5 +290,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index 47a583d3a6..b231dbb947 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -8,31 +8,42 @@ git-describe - Show the most recent tag that is reachable from a commit
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-describe' [--all] [--tags] [--abbrev=<n>] <committish>...
+'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] <committish>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 The command finds the most recent tag that is reachable from a
-commit, and if the commit itself is pointed at by the tag, shows
-the tag.  Otherwise, it suffixes the tag name with the number of
-additional commits and the abbreviated object name of the commit.
+commit.  If the tag points to the commit, then only the tag is
+shown.  Otherwise, it suffixes the tag name with the number of
+additional commits on top of the tagged object and the
+abbreviated object name of the most recent commit.
 
+By default (without --all or --tags) `git describe` only shows
+annotated tags.  For more information about creating annotated tags
+see the -a and -s options to linkgit:git-tag[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<committish>::
-	The object name of the committish.
+<committish>...::
+	Committish object names to describe.
 
 --all::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref
-	found in `.git/refs/`.
+	found in `.git/refs/`.  This option enables matching
+	any known branch, remote branch, or lightweight tag.
 
 --tags::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any tag
-	found in `.git/refs/tags`.
+	found in `.git/refs/tags`.  This option enables matching
+	a lightweight (non-annotated) tag.
+
+--contains::
+	Instead of finding the tag that predates the commit, find
+	the tag that comes after the commit, and thus contains it.
+	Automatically implies --tags.
 
 --abbrev=<n>::
-	Instead of using the default 8 hexadecimal digits as the
+	Instead of using the default 7 hexadecimal digits as the
 	abbreviated object name, use <n> digits.
 
 --candidates=<n>::
@@ -40,22 +51,43 @@ OPTIONS
 	candidates to describe the input committish consider
 	up to <n> candidates.  Increasing <n> above 10 will take
 	slightly longer but may produce a more accurate result.
+	An <n> of 0 will cause only exact matches to be output.
+
+--exact-match::
+	Only output exact matches (a tag directly references the
+	supplied commit).  This is a synonym for --candidates=0.
 
 --debug::
 	Verbosely display information about the searching strategy
 	being employed to standard error.  The tag name will still
 	be printed to standard out.
 
+--long::
+	Always output the long format (the tag, the number of commits
+	and the abbreviated commit name) even when it matches a tag.
+	This is useful when you want to see parts of the commit object name
+	in "describe" output, even when the commit in question happens to be
+	a tagged version.  Instead of just emitting the tag name, it will
+	describe such a commit as v1.2-0-deadbeef (0th commit since tag v1.2
+	that points at object deadbeef....).
+
+--match <pattern>::
+	Only consider tags matching the given pattern (can be used to avoid
+	leaking private tags made from the repository).
+
+--always::
+	Show uniquely abbreviated commit object as fallback.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 With something like git.git current tree, I get:
 
-	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git-describe parent
+	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe parent
 	v1.0.4-14-g2414721
 
 i.e. the current head of my "parent" branch is based on v1.0.4,
-but since it has a handful commits on top of that,
+but since it has a few commits on top of that,
 describe has added the number of additional commits ("14") and
 an abbreviated object name for the commit itself ("2414721")
 at the end.
@@ -65,9 +97,9 @@ of commits which would be displayed by "git log v1.0.4..parent".
 The hash suffix is "-g" + 7-char abbreviation for the tip commit
 of parent (which was `2414721b194453f058079d897d13c4e377f92dc6`).
 
-Doing a "git-describe" on a tag-name will just show the tag name:
+Doing a 'git-describe' on a tag-name will just show the tag name:
 
-	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git-describe v1.0.4
+	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe v1.0.4
 	v1.0.4
 
 With --all, the command can use branch heads as references, so
@@ -88,13 +120,13 @@ closest tagname without any suffix:
 SEARCH STRATEGY
 ---------------
 
-For each committish supplied "git describe" will first look for
+For each committish supplied, 'git-describe' will first look for
 a tag which tags exactly that commit.  Annotated tags will always
 be preferred over lightweight tags, and tags with newer dates will
 always be preferred over tags with older dates.  If an exact match
 is found, its name will be output and searching will stop.
 
-If an exact match was not found "git describe" will walk back
+If an exact match was not found, 'git-describe' will walk back
 through the commit history to locate an ancestor commit which
 has been tagged.  The ancestor's tag will be output along with an
 abbreviation of the input committish's SHA1.
@@ -102,14 +134,14 @@ abbreviation of the input committish's SHA1.
 If multiple tags were found during the walk then the tag which
 has the fewest commits different from the input committish will be
 selected and output.  Here fewest commits different is defined as
-the number of commits which would be shown by "git log tag..input"
+the number of commits which would be shown by `git log tag..input`
 will be the smallest number of commits possible.
 
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>, but somewhat
-butchered by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>.  Later significantly
+butchered by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.  Later significantly
 updated by Shawn Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
 
 Documentation
@@ -118,5 +150,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
index b78c4c64f1..c526141564 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
@@ -8,37 +8,38 @@ git-diff-files - Compares files in the working tree and the index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-diff-files' [-q] [-0|-1|-2|-3|-c|--cc|-n|--no-index] [<common diff options>] [<path>...]
+'git diff-files' [-q] [-0|-1|-2|-3|-c|--cc] [<common diff options>] [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Compares the files in the working tree and the index.  When paths
 are specified, compares only those named paths.  Otherwise all
 entries in the index are compared.  The output format is the
-same as "git-diff-index" and "git-diff-tree".
+same as for 'git-diff-index' and 'git-diff-tree'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 include::diff-options.txt[]
 
--1 -2 -3 or --base --ours --theirs, and -0::
+-1 --base::
+-2 --ours::
+-3 --theirs::
+-0::
 	Diff against the "base" version, "our branch" or "their
 	branch" respectively.  With these options, diffs for
 	merged entries are not shown.
 +
-The default is to diff against our branch (-2) and the 
+The default is to diff against our branch (-2) and the
 cleanly resolved paths.  The option -0 can be given to
 omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show "Unmerged".
 
--c,--cc::
+-c::
+--cc::
 	This compares stage 2 (our branch), stage 3 (their
 	branch) and the working tree file and outputs a combined
 	diff, similar to the way 'diff-tree' shows a merge
 	commit with these flags.
 
-\-n,\--no-index::
-	Compare the two given files / directories.
-
 -q::
 	Remain silent even on nonexistent files
 
@@ -57,5 +58,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
index 2df581c2c9..26920d4f63 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-diff-index - Compares content and mode of blobs between the index and reposi
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-diff-index' [-m] [--cached] [<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
+'git diff-index' [-m] [--cached] [<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 -m::
 	By default, files recorded in the index but not checked
 	out are reported as deleted.  This flag makes
-	"git-diff-index" say that all non-checked-out files are up
+	'git-diff-index' say that all non-checked-out files are up
 	to date.
 
 Output format
@@ -50,55 +50,55 @@ Cached Mode
 If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
 
 	show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
-	contents (the ones I'd write with a "git-write-tree")
+	contents (the ones I'd write using 'git-write-tree')
 
 For example, let's say that you have worked on your working directory, updated
 some files in the index and are ready to commit. You want to see exactly
 *what* you are going to commit, without having to write a new tree
 object and compare it that way, and to do that, you just do
 
-	git-diff-index --cached HEAD
+	git diff-index --cached HEAD
 
 Example: let's say I had renamed `commit.c` to `git-commit.c`, and I had
-done an "git-update-index" to make that effective in the index file.
-"git-diff-files" wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
-matches my working directory. But doing a "git-diff-index" does:
+done an `update-index` to make that effective in the index file.
+`git diff-files` wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
+matches my working directory. But doing a 'git-diff-index' does:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-index --cached HEAD
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-index --cached HEAD
   -100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        commit.c
   +100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        git-commit.c
 
 You can see easily that the above is a rename.
 
-In fact, "git-diff-index --cached" *should* always be entirely equivalent to
-actually doing a "git-write-tree" and comparing that. Except this one is much
+In fact, `git diff-index --cached` *should* always be entirely equivalent to
+actually doing a 'git-write-tree' and comparing that. Except this one is much
 nicer for the case where you just want to check where you are.
 
-So doing a "git-diff-index --cached" is basically very useful when you are
-asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and 
+So doing a 'git-diff-index --cached' is basically very useful when you are
+asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and
 what's the difference to a previous tree".
 
 Non-cached Mode
 ---------------
 The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
 the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
-a "git-write-tree" + "git-diff-tree". Thus that's the default mode.
+a 'git-write-tree' + 'git-diff-tree'. Thus that's the default mode.
 The non-cached version asks the question:
 
   show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
   tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
 
 which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
-you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the "git-diff-tree -r"
+you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the 'git-diff-tree -r'
 output to a tee, but with a twist.
 
 The twist is that if some file doesn't match the index, we don't have
 a backing store thing for it, and we use the magic "all-zero" sha1 to
 show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but
-have not actually done a "git-update-index" on it yet - there is no
+have not actually done a 'git-update-index' on it yet - there is no
 "object" associated with the new state, and you get:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git-diff-index HEAD
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index HEAD
   *100644->100664 blob    7476bb......->000000......      kernel/sched.c
 
 i.e., it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
 get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
 directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
 
-NOTE: As with other commands of this type, "git-diff-index" does not
+NOTE: As with other commands of this type, 'git-diff-index' does not
 actually look at the contents of the file at all. So maybe
 `kernel/sched.c` hasn't actually changed, and it's just that you
 touched it. In either case, it's a note that you need to
-"git-update-index" it to make the index be in sync.
+'git-update-index' it to make the index be in sync.
 
 NOTE: You can have a mixture of files show up as "has been updated"
 and "is still dirty in the working directory" together. You can always
@@ -129,5 +129,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
index 5d6e9dc751..23b7abd3c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-diff-tree - Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree object
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-diff-tree' [--stdin] [-m] [-s] [-v] [--no-commit-id] [--pretty]
+'git diff-tree' [--stdin] [-m] [-s] [-v] [--no-commit-id] [--pretty]
 	      [-t] [-r] [-c | --cc] [--root] [<common diff options>]
 	      <tree-ish> [<tree-ish>] [<path>...]
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Compares the content and mode of the blobs found via two tree objects.
 If there is only one <tree-ish> given, the commit is compared with its parents
 (see --stdin below).
 
-Note that "git-diff-tree" can use the tree encapsulated in a commit object.
+Note that 'git-diff-tree' can use the tree encapsulated in a commit object.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -43,40 +43,49 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	show tree entry itself as well as subtrees.  Implies -r.
 
 --root::
-	When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be showed as a big
+	When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
 	creation event. This is equivalent to a diff against the NULL tree.
 
 --stdin::
 	When '--stdin' is specified, the command does not take
 	<tree-ish> arguments from the command line.  Instead, it
-	reads either one <commit> or a pair of <tree-ish>
-	separated with a single space from its standard input.
+	reads lines containing either two <tree>, one <commit>, or a
+	list of <commit> from its standard input.  (Use a single space
+	as separator.)
 +
-When a single commit is given on one line of such input, it compares
-the commit with its parents.  The following flags further affects its
-behavior.  This does not apply to the case where two <tree-ish>
-separated with a single space are given.
+When two trees are given, it compares the first tree with the second.
+When a single commit is given, it compares the commit with its
+parents.  The remaining commits, when given, are used as if they are
+parents of the first commit.
++
+When comparing two trees, the ID of both trees (separated by a space
+and terminated by a newline) is printed before the difference.  When
+comparing commits, the ID of the first (or only) commit, followed by a
+newline, is printed.
++
+The following flags further affect the behavior when comparing
+commits (but not trees).
 
 -m::
-	By default, "git-diff-tree --stdin" does not show
+	By default, 'git-diff-tree --stdin' does not show
 	differences for merge commits.  With this flag, it shows
 	differences to that commit from all of its parents. See
 	also '-c'.
 
 -s::
-	By default, "git-diff-tree --stdin" shows differences,
+	By default, 'git-diff-tree --stdin' shows differences,
 	either in machine-readable form (without '-p') or in patch
 	form (with '-p').  This output can be suppressed.  It is
 	only useful with '-v' flag.
 
 -v::
-	This flag causes "git-diff-tree --stdin" to also show
+	This flag causes 'git-diff-tree --stdin' to also show
 	the commit message before the differences.
 
-include::pretty-formats.txt[]
+include::pretty-options.txt[]
 
 --no-commit-id::
-	git-diff-tree outputs a line with the commit ID when
+	'git-diff-tree' outputs a line with the commit ID when
 	applicable.  This flag suppressed the commit ID output.
 
 -c::
@@ -93,29 +102,32 @@ include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 	This flag changes the way a merge commit patch is displayed,
 	in a similar way to the '-c' option. It implies the '-c'
 	and '-p' options and further compresses the patch output
-	by omitting hunks that show differences from only one
-	parent, or show the same change from all but one parent
-	for an Octopus merge.  When this optimization makes all
-	hunks disappear, the commit itself and the commit log
-	message is not shown, just like in any other "empty diff" case.
+	by omitting uninteresting hunks whose the contents in the parents
+	have only two variants and the merge result picks one of them
+	without modification.  When all hunks are uninteresting, the commit
+	itself and the commit log message is not shown, just like in any other
+	"empty diff" case.
 
 --always::
 	Show the commit itself and the commit log message even
 	if the diff itself is empty.
 
 
+include::pretty-formats.txt[]
+
+
 Limiting Output
 ---------------
 If you're only interested in differences in a subset of files, for
 example some architecture-specific files, you might do:
 
-	git-diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> arch/ia64 include/asm-ia64
+	git diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> arch/ia64 include/asm-ia64
 
 and it will only show you what changed in those two directories.
 
 Or if you are searching for what changed in just `kernel/sched.c`, just do
 
-	git-diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> kernel/sched.c
+	git diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> kernel/sched.c
 
 and it will ignore all differences to other files.
 
@@ -126,7 +138,7 @@ so it can be used to name subdirectories.
 
 An example of normal usage is:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-tree 5319e4......
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree 5319e4......
   *100664->100664 blob    ac348b.......->a01513.......      git-fsck-objects.c
 
 which tells you that the last commit changed just one file (it's from
@@ -162,5 +174,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index 044cee9b42..a2f192fb75 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -8,33 +8,34 @@ git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-diff' [<common diff options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [<common diff options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Show changes between two trees, a tree and the working tree, a
 tree and the index file, or the index file and the working tree.
 
-'git-diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you made relative to
 	the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
 	words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
 	further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
-	stage these changes by using gitlink:git-add[1].
-
-	If exactly two paths are given, and at least one is untracked,
-	compare the two files / directories. This behavior can be
-	forced by --no-index.
+	stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
++
+If exactly two paths are given, and at least one is untracked,
+compare the two files / directories. This behavior can be
+forced by --no-index.
 
-'git-diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
 	commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
 	would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
 	do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
+	--staged is a synonym of --cached.
 
-'git-diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you have in your
 	working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
@@ -42,21 +43,40 @@ tree and the index file, or the index file and the working tree.
 	branch name to compare with the tip of a different
 	branch.
 
-'git-diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+
+	This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
+	<commit>.
+
+'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+
+	This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
+	one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
+	using HEAD instead.
+
+'git diff' [--options] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
-	This form is to view the changes between two <commit>,
-	for example, tips of two branches.
+	This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
+	and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
+	of both <commit>.  "git diff A\...B" is equivalent to
+	"git diff $(git-merge-base A B) B".  You can omit any one
+	of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
 
 Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
-noted that all of the <commit> in the above description can be
-any <tree-ish>.
+noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
+for the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
+<tree-ish>.
 
 For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
-"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
-
+"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
+However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
+and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
+"<commit>\...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
+"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+:git-diff: 1
 include::diff-options.txt[]
 
 <path>...::
@@ -64,6 +84,9 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
 	names and get diff for all files under them).
 
+Output format
+-------------
+include::diff-format.txt[]
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -76,10 +99,10 @@ $ git diff --cached   <2>
 $ git diff HEAD       <3>
 ------------
 +
-<1> changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
-<2> changes between the index and your last commit; what you
+<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
+<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
 would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.
-<3> changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
+<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
 would be committing if you run "git commit -a"
 
 Comparing with arbitrary commits::
@@ -90,30 +113,39 @@ $ git diff HEAD -- ./test  <2>
 $ git diff HEAD^ HEAD      <3>
 ------------
 +
-<1> instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
+<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
 tip of "test" branch.
-<2> instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
+<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
 the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
 file "test".
-<3> compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
+<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
 
+Comparing branches::
++
+------------
+$ git diff topic master    <1>
+$ git diff topic..master   <2>
+$ git diff topic...master  <3>
+------------
++
+<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
+<2> Same as above.
+<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
+branch was started off it.
 
 Limiting the diff output::
 +
 ------------
 $ git diff --diff-filter=MRC            <1>
-$ git diff --name-status -r             <2>
+$ git diff --name-status                <2>
 $ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386   <3>
 ------------
 +
-<1> show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
+<1> Show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
 nor deletion.
-<2> show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
-diff output.  --name-status disables usual patch generation
-which in turn also disables recursive behavior, so without -r
-you would only see the directory name if there is a change in a
-file in a subdirectory.
-<3> limit diff output to named subtrees.
+<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
+diff output.
+<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
 
 Munging the diff output::
 +
@@ -122,9 +154,9 @@ $ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C  <1>
 $ git diff -R                          <2>
 ------------
 +
-<1> spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
+<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
 rewrites (very expensive).
-<2> output diff in reverse.
+<2> Output diff in reverse.
 
 
 Author
@@ -137,5 +169,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96a6c51a4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+git-difftool(1)
+===============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-difftool - Show changes using common diff tools
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git difftool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [<'git diff' options>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+'git-difftool' is a git command that allows you to compare and edit files
+between revisions using common diff tools.  'git difftool' is a frontend
+to 'git-diff' and accepts the same options and arguments.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-y::
+--no-prompt::
+	Do not prompt before launching a diff tool.
+
+--prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+	This is the default behaviour; the option is provided to
+	override any configuration settings.
+
+-t <tool>::
+--tool=<tool>::
+	Use the diff tool specified by <tool>.
+	Valid merge tools are:
+	kdiff3, kompare, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff,
+	ecmerge, diffuse, opendiff and araxis.
++
+If a diff tool is not specified, 'git-difftool'
+will use the configuration variable `diff.tool`.  If the
+configuration variable `diff.tool` is not set, 'git-difftool'
+will pick a suitable default.
++
+You can explicitly provide a full path to the tool by setting the
+configuration variable `difftool.<tool>.path`. For example, you
+can configure the absolute path to kdiff3 by setting
+`difftool.kdiff3.path`. Otherwise, 'git-difftool' assumes the
+tool is available in PATH.
++
+Instead of running one of the known diff tools,
+'git-difftool' can be customized to run an alternative program
+by specifying the command line to invoke in a configuration
+variable `difftool.<tool>.cmd`.
++
+When 'git-difftool' is invoked with this tool (either through the
+`-t` or `--tool` option or the `diff.tool` configuration variable)
+the configured command line will be invoked with the following
+variables available: `$LOCAL` is set to the name of the temporary
+file containing the contents of the diff pre-image and `$REMOTE`
+is set to the name of the temporary file containing the contents
+of the diff post-image.  `$BASE` is provided for compatibility
+with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$LOCAL`.
+
+See linkgit:git-diff[1] for the full list of supported options.
+
+CONFIG VARIABLES
+----------------
+'git-difftool' falls back to 'git-mergetool' config variables when the
+difftool equivalents have not been defined.
+
+diff.tool::
+	The default diff tool to use.
+
+difftool.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
+	your tool is not in the PATH.
+
+difftool.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified diff tool.
++
+See the `--tool=<tool>` option above for more details.
+
+difftool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-diff[1]::
+	 Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
+
+linkgit:git-mergetool[1]::
+	Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts
+
+linkgit:git-config[1]::
+	 Get and set repository or global options
+
+
+AUTHOR
+------
+Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c9eb567cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+git-fast-export(1)
+==================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-fast-export - Git data exporter
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git fast-export [options]' | 'git fast-import'
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This program dumps the given revisions in a form suitable to be piped
+into 'git-fast-import'.
+
+You can use it as a human-readable bundle replacement (see
+linkgit:git-bundle[1]), or as a kind of an interactive
+'git-filter-branch'.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--progress=<n>::
+	Insert 'progress' statements every <n> objects, to be shown by
+	'git-fast-import' during import.
+
+--signed-tags=(verbatim|warn|strip|abort)::
+	Specify how to handle signed tags.  Since any transformation
+	after the export can change the tag names (which can also happen
+	when excluding revisions) the signatures will not match.
++
+When asking to 'abort' (which is the default), this program will die
+when encountering a signed tag.  With 'strip', the tags will be made
+unsigned, with 'verbatim', they will be silently exported
+and with 'warn', they will be exported, but you will see a warning.
+
+-M::
+-C::
+	Perform move and/or copy detection, as described in the
+	linkgit:git-diff[1] manual page, and use it to generate
+	rename and copy commands in the output dump.
++
+Note that earlier versions of this command did not complain and
+produced incorrect results if you gave these options.
+
+--export-marks=<file>::
+	Dumps the internal marks table to <file> when complete.
+	Marks are written one per line as `:markid SHA-1`. Only marks
+	for revisions are dumped; marks for blobs are ignored.
+	Backends can use this file to validate imports after they
+	have been completed, or to save the marks table across
+	incremental runs.  As <file> is only opened and truncated
+	at completion, the same path can also be safely given to
+	\--import-marks.
+
+--import-marks=<file>::
+	Before processing any input, load the marks specified in
+	<file>.  The input file must exist, must be readable, and
+	must use the same format as produced by \--export-marks.
++
+Any commits that have already been marked will not be exported again.
+If the backend uses a similar \--import-marks file, this allows for
+incremental bidirectional exporting of the repository by keeping the
+marks the same across runs.
+
+--fake-missing-tagger::
+	Some old repositories have tags without a tagger.  The
+	fast-import protocol was pretty strict about that, and did not
+	allow that.  So fake a tagger to be able to fast-import the
+	output.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+$ git fast-export --all | (cd /empty/repository && git fast-import)
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This will export the whole repository and import it into the existing
+empty repository.  Except for reencoding commits that are not in
+UTF-8, it would be a one-to-one mirror.
+
+-----------------------------------------------------
+$ git fast-export master~5..master |
+	sed "s|refs/heads/master|refs/heads/other|" |
+	git fast-import
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+This makes a new branch called 'other' from 'master~5..master'
+(i.e. if 'master' has linear history, it will take the last 5 commits).
+
+Note that this assumes that none of the blobs and commit messages
+referenced by that revision range contains the string
+'refs/heads/master'.
+
+
+Limitations
+-----------
+
+Since 'git-fast-import' cannot tag trees, you will not be
+able to export the linux-2.6.git repository completely, as it contains
+a tag referencing a tree instead of a commit.
+
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index eaba6fd4c1..c2f483a8d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ git-fast-import - Backend for fast Git data importers
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-frontend | 'git-fast-import' [options]
+frontend | 'git fast-import' [options]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This program is usually not what the end user wants to run directly.
 Most end users want to use one of the existing frontend programs,
 which parses a specific type of foreign source and feeds the contents
-stored there to git-fast-import.
+stored there to 'git-fast-import'.
 
 fast-import reads a mixed command/data stream from standard input and
 writes one or more packfiles directly into the current repository.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ updated branch and tag refs, fully updating the current repository
 with the newly imported data.
 
 The fast-import backend itself can import into an empty repository (one that
-has already been initialized by gitlink:git-init[1]) or incrementally
+has already been initialized by 'git-init') or incrementally
 update an existing populated repository.  Whether or not incremental
 imports are supported from a particular foreign source depends on
 the frontend program in use.
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	This information may be useful after importing projects
 	whose total object set exceeds the 4 GiB packfile limit,
 	as these commits can be used as edge points during calls
-	to gitlink:git-pack-objects[1].
+	to 'git-pack-objects'.
 
 --quiet::
 	Disable all non-fatal output, making fast-import silent when it
-	is successful.	This option disables the output shown by
+	is successful.  This option disables the output shown by
 	\--stats.
 
 --stats::
@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ an ideal situation, given that most conversion tools are throw-away
 
 Parallel Operation
 ------------------
-Like `git-push` or `git-fetch`, imports handled by fast-import are safe to
+Like 'git-push' or 'git-fetch', imports handled by fast-import are safe to
 run alongside parallel `git repack -a -d` or `git gc` invocations,
-or any other Git operation (including `git prune`, as loose objects
+or any other Git operation (including 'git-prune', as loose objects
 are never used by fast-import).
 
 fast-import does not lock the branch or tag refs it is actively importing.
@@ -176,6 +176,15 @@ results, such as branch names or file names with leading or trailing
 spaces in their name, or early termination of fast-import when it encounters
 unexpected input.
 
+Stream Comments
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+To aid in debugging frontends fast-import ignores any line that
+begins with `#` (ASCII pound/hash) up to and including the line
+ending `LF`.  A comment line may contain any sequence of bytes
+that does not contain an LF and therefore may be used to include
+any detailed debugging information that might be specific to the
+frontend and useful when inspecting a fast-import data stream.
+
 Date Formats
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 The following date formats are supported.  A frontend should select
@@ -211,7 +220,7 @@ variation in formatting will cause fast-import to reject the value.
 +
 An example value is ``Tue Feb 6 11:22:18 2007 -0500''.  The Git
 parser is accurate, but a little on the lenient side.  It is the
-same parser used by gitlink:git-am[1] when applying patches
+same parser used by 'git-am' when applying patches
 received from email.
 +
 Some malformed strings may be accepted as valid dates.  In some of
@@ -232,7 +241,7 @@ been well tested in the wild.
 +
 Frontends should prefer the `raw` format if the source material
 already uses UNIX-epoch format, can be coaxed to give dates in that
-format, or its format is easiliy convertible to it, as there is no
+format, or its format is easily convertible to it, as there is no
 ambiguity in parsing.
 
 `now`::
@@ -247,7 +256,7 @@ timezone.
 This particular format is supplied as its short to implement and
 may be useful to a process that wants to create a new commit
 right now, without needing to use a working directory or
-gitlink:git-update-index[1].
+'git-update-index'.
 +
 If separate `author` and `committer` commands are used in a `commit`
 the timestamps may not match, as the system clock will be polled
@@ -289,6 +298,11 @@ and control the current import process.  More detailed discussion
 	This command is optional and is not needed to perform
 	an import.
 
+`progress`::
+	Causes fast-import to echo the entire line to its own
+	standard output.  This command is optional and is not needed
+	to perform an import.
+
 `commit`
 ~~~~~~~~
 Create or update a branch with a new commit, recording one logical
@@ -302,8 +316,8 @@ change to the project.
 	data
 	('from' SP <committish> LF)?
 	('merge' SP <committish> LF)?
-	(filemodify | filedelete | filedeleteall)*
-	LF
+	(filemodify | filedelete | filecopy | filerename | filedeleteall)*
+	LF?
 ....
 
 where `<ref>` is the name of the branch to make the commit on.
@@ -325,13 +339,17 @@ commit message use a 0 length data.  Commit messages are free-form
 and are not interpreted by Git.  Currently they must be encoded in
 UTF-8, as fast-import does not permit other encodings to be specified.
 
-Zero or more `filemodify`, `filedelete` and `filedeleteall` commands
+Zero or more `filemodify`, `filedelete`, `filecopy`, `filerename`
+and `filedeleteall` commands
 may be included to update the contents of the branch prior to
 creating the commit.  These commands may be supplied in any order.
-However it is recommended that a `filedeleteall` command preceed
-all `filemodify` commands in the same commit, as `filedeleteall`
+However it is recommended that a `filedeleteall` command precede
+all `filemodify`, `filecopy` and `filerename` commands in the same
+commit, as `filedeleteall`
 wipes the branch clean (see below).
 
+The `LF` after the command is optional (it used to be required).
+
 `author`
 ^^^^^^^^
 An `author` command may optionally appear, if the author information
@@ -367,6 +385,9 @@ new commit.
 Omitting the `from` command in the first commit of a new branch
 will cause fast-import to create that commit with no ancestor. This
 tends to be desired only for the initial commit of a project.
+If the frontend creates all files from scratch when making a new
+branch, a `merge` command may be used instead of `from` to start
+the commit with an empty tree.
 Omitting the `from` command on existing branches is usually desired,
 as the current commit on that branch is automatically assumed to
 be the first ancestor of the new commit.
@@ -384,7 +405,7 @@ Here `<committish>` is any of the following:
 +
 The reason fast-import uses `:` to denote a mark reference is this character
 is not legal in a Git branch name.  The leading `:` makes it easy
-to distingush between the mark 42 (`:42`) and the branch 42 (`42`
+to distinguish between the mark 42 (`:42`) and the branch 42 (`42`
 or `refs/heads/42`), or an abbreviated SHA-1 which happened to
 consist only of base-10 digits.
 +
@@ -393,7 +414,7 @@ Marks must be declared (via `mark`) before they can be used.
 * A complete 40 byte or abbreviated commit SHA-1 in hex.
 
 * Any valid Git SHA-1 expression that resolves to a commit.  See
-  ``SPECIFYING REVISIONS'' in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1] for details.
+  ``SPECIFYING REVISIONS'' in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] for details.
 
 The special case of restarting an incremental import from the
 current branch value should be written as:
@@ -409,13 +430,15 @@ existing value of the branch.
 
 `merge`
 ^^^^^^^
-Includes one additional ancestor commit, and makes the current
-commit a merge commit.  An unlimited number of `merge` commands per
+Includes one additional ancestor commit.  If the `from` command is
+omitted when creating a new branch, the first `merge` commit will be
+the first ancestor of the current commit, and the branch will start
+out with no files.  An unlimited number of `merge` commands per
 commit are permitted by fast-import, thereby establishing an n-way merge.
 However Git's other tools never create commits with more than 15
 additional ancestors (forming a 16-way merge).  For this reason
 it is suggested that frontends do not use more than 15 `merge`
-commands per commit.
+commands per commit; 16, if starting a new, empty branch.
 
 Here `<committish>` is any of the commit specification expressions
 also accepted by `from` (see above).
@@ -458,6 +481,9 @@ in octal.  Git only supports the following modes:
   what you want.
 * `100755` or `755`: A normal, but executable, file.
 * `120000`: A symlink, the content of the file will be the link target.
+* `160000`: A gitlink, SHA-1 of the object refers to a commit in
+  another repository. Git links can only be specified by SHA or through
+  a commit mark. They are used to implement submodules.
 
 In both formats `<path>` is the complete path of the file to be added
 (if not already existing) or modified (if already existing).
@@ -469,7 +495,7 @@ start with double quote (`"`).
 If an `LF` or double quote must be encoded into `<path>` shell-style
 quoting should be used, e.g. `"path/with\n and \" in it"`.
 
-The value of `<path>` must be in canoncial form. That is it must not:
+The value of `<path>` must be in canonical form. That is it must not:
 
 * contain an empty directory component (e.g. `foo//bar` is invalid),
 * end with a directory separator (e.g. `foo/` is invalid),
@@ -481,8 +507,9 @@ It is recommended that `<path>` always be encoded using UTF-8.
 
 `filedelete`
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Included in a `commit` command to remove a file from the branch.
-If the file removal makes its directory empty, the directory will
+Included in a `commit` command to remove a file or recursively
+delete an entire directory from the branch.  If the file or directory
+removal makes its parent directory empty, the parent directory will
 be automatically removed too.  This cascades up the tree until the
 first non-empty directory or the root is reached.
 
@@ -490,9 +517,60 @@ first non-empty directory or the root is reached.
 	'D' SP <path> LF
 ....
 
-here `<path>` is the complete path of the file to be removed.
+here `<path>` is the complete path of the file or subdirectory to
+be removed from the branch.
 See `filemodify` above for a detailed description of `<path>`.
 
+`filecopy`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Recursively copies an existing file or subdirectory to a different
+location within the branch.  The existing file or directory must
+exist.  If the destination exists it will be completely replaced
+by the content copied from the source.
+
+....
+	'C' SP <path> SP <path> LF
+....
+
+here the first `<path>` is the source location and the second
+`<path>` is the destination.  See `filemodify` above for a detailed
+description of what `<path>` may look like.  To use a source path
+that contains SP the path must be quoted.
+
+A `filecopy` command takes effect immediately.  Once the source
+location has been copied to the destination any future commands
+applied to the source location will not impact the destination of
+the copy.
+
+`filerename`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Renames an existing file or subdirectory to a different location
+within the branch.  The existing file or directory must exist. If
+the destination exists it will be replaced by the source directory.
+
+....
+	'R' SP <path> SP <path> LF
+....
+
+here the first `<path>` is the source location and the second
+`<path>` is the destination.  See `filemodify` above for a detailed
+description of what `<path>` may look like.  To use a source path
+that contains SP the path must be quoted.
+
+A `filerename` command takes effect immediately.  Once the source
+location has been renamed to the destination any future commands
+applied to the source location will create new files there and not
+impact the destination of the rename.
+
+Note that a `filerename` is the same as a `filecopy` followed by a
+`filedelete` of the source location.  There is a slight performance
+advantage to using `filerename`, but the advantage is so small
+that it is never worth trying to convert a delete/add pair in
+source material into a rename for fast-import.  This `filerename`
+command is provided just to simplify frontends that already have
+rename information and don't want bother with decomposing it into a
+`filecopy` followed by a `filedelete`.
+
 `filedeleteall`
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Included in a `commit` command to remove all files (and also all
@@ -548,7 +626,6 @@ lightweight (non-annotated) tags see the `reset` command below.
 	'from' SP <committish> LF
 	'tagger' SP <name> SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF
 	data
-	LF
 ....
 
 where `<name>` is the name of the tag to create.
@@ -580,7 +657,7 @@ recommended, as the frontend does not (easily) have access to the
 complete set of bytes which normally goes into such a signature.
 If signing is required, create lightweight tags from within fast-import with
 `reset`, then create the annotated versions of those tags offline
-with the standard gitlink:git-tag[1] process.
+with the standard 'git-tag' process.
 
 `reset`
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -592,12 +669,14 @@ branch from an existing commit without creating a new commit.
 ....
 	'reset' SP <ref> LF
 	('from' SP <committish> LF)?
-	LF
+	LF?
 ....
 
 For a detailed description of `<ref>` and `<committish>` see above
 under `commit` and `from`.
 
+The `LF` after the command is optional (it used to be required).
+
 The `reset` command can also be used to create lightweight
 (non-annotated) tags.  For example:
 
@@ -636,29 +715,40 @@ intended for production-quality conversions should always use the
 exact byte count format, as it is more robust and performs better.
 The delimited format is intended primarily for testing fast-import.
 
+Comment lines appearing within the `<raw>` part of `data` commands
+are always taken to be part of the body of the data and are therefore
+never ignored by fast-import.  This makes it safe to import any
+file/message content whose lines might start with `#`.
+
 Exact byte count format::
 	The frontend must specify the number of bytes of data.
 +
 ....
 	'data' SP <count> LF
-	<raw> LF
+	<raw> LF?
 ....
 +
 where `<count>` is the exact number of bytes appearing within
 `<raw>`.  The value of `<count>` is expressed as an ASCII decimal
 integer.  The `LF` on either side of `<raw>` is not
 included in `<count>` and will not be included in the imported data.
++
+The `LF` after `<raw>` is optional (it used to be required) but
+recommended.  Always including it makes debugging a fast-import
+stream easier as the next command always starts in column 0
+of the next line, even if `<raw>` did not end with an `LF`.
 
 Delimited format::
 	A delimiter string is used to mark the end of the data.
 	fast-import will compute the length by searching for the delimiter.
-	This format is primarly useful for testing and is not
+	This format is primarily useful for testing and is not
 	recommended for real data.
 +
 ....
 	'data' SP '<<' <delim> LF
 	<raw> LF
 	<delim> LF
+	LF?
 ....
 +
 where `<delim>` is the chosen delimiter string.  The string `<delim>`
@@ -667,6 +757,8 @@ fast-import will think the data ends earlier than it really does.  The `LF`
 immediately trailing `<raw>` is part of `<raw>`.  This is one of
 the limitations of the delimited format, it is impossible to supply
 a data chunk which does not have an LF as its last byte.
++
+The `LF` after `<delim> LF` is optional (it used to be required).
 
 `checkpoint`
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -675,7 +767,7 @@ save out all current branch refs, tags and marks.
 
 ....
 	'checkpoint' LF
-	LF
+	LF?
 ....
 
 Note that fast-import automatically switches packfiles when the current
@@ -694,6 +786,119 @@ process access to a branch.  However given that a 30 GiB Subversion
 repository can be loaded into Git through fast-import in about 3 hours,
 explicit checkpointing may not be necessary.
 
+The `LF` after the command is optional (it used to be required).
+
+`progress`
+~~~~~~~~~~
+Causes fast-import to print the entire `progress` line unmodified to
+its standard output channel (file descriptor 1) when the command is
+processed from the input stream.  The command otherwise has no impact
+on the current import, or on any of fast-import's internal state.
+
+....
+	'progress' SP <any> LF
+	LF?
+....
+
+The `<any>` part of the command may contain any sequence of bytes
+that does not contain `LF`.  The `LF` after the command is optional.
+Callers may wish to process the output through a tool such as sed to
+remove the leading part of the line, for example:
+
+====
+	frontend | git fast-import | sed 's/^progress //'
+====
+
+Placing a `progress` command immediately after a `checkpoint` will
+inform the reader when the `checkpoint` has been completed and it
+can safely access the refs that fast-import updated.
+
+Crash Reports
+-------------
+If fast-import is supplied invalid input it will terminate with a
+non-zero exit status and create a crash report in the top level of
+the Git repository it was importing into.  Crash reports contain
+a snapshot of the internal fast-import state as well as the most
+recent commands that lead up to the crash.
+
+All recent commands (including stream comments, file changes and
+progress commands) are shown in the command history within the crash
+report, but raw file data and commit messages are excluded from the
+crash report.  This exclusion saves space within the report file
+and reduces the amount of buffering that fast-import must perform
+during execution.
+
+After writing a crash report fast-import will close the current
+packfile and export the marks table.  This allows the frontend
+developer to inspect the repository state and resume the import from
+the point where it crashed.  The modified branches and tags are not
+updated during a crash, as the import did not complete successfully.
+Branch and tag information can be found in the crash report and
+must be applied manually if the update is needed.
+
+An example crash:
+
+====
+	$ cat >in <<END_OF_INPUT
+	# my very first test commit
+	commit refs/heads/master
+	committer Shawn O. Pearce <spearce> 19283 -0400
+	# who is that guy anyway?
+	data <<EOF
+	this is my commit
+	EOF
+	M 644 inline .gitignore
+	data <<EOF
+	.gitignore
+	EOF
+	M 777 inline bob
+	END_OF_INPUT
+
+	$ git fast-import <in
+	fatal: Corrupt mode: M 777 inline bob
+	fast-import: dumping crash report to .git/fast_import_crash_8434
+
+	$ cat .git/fast_import_crash_8434
+	fast-import crash report:
+	    fast-import process: 8434
+	    parent process     : 1391
+	    at Sat Sep 1 00:58:12 2007
+
+	fatal: Corrupt mode: M 777 inline bob
+
+	Most Recent Commands Before Crash
+	---------------------------------
+	  # my very first test commit
+	  commit refs/heads/master
+	  committer Shawn O. Pearce <spearce> 19283 -0400
+	  # who is that guy anyway?
+	  data <<EOF
+	  M 644 inline .gitignore
+	  data <<EOF
+	* M 777 inline bob
+
+	Active Branch LRU
+	-----------------
+	    active_branches = 1 cur, 5 max
+
+	  pos  clock name
+	  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+	   1)      0 refs/heads/master
+
+	Inactive Branches
+	-----------------
+	refs/heads/master:
+	  status      : active loaded dirty
+	  tip commit  : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+	  old tree    : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+	  cur tree    : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+	  commit clock: 0
+	  last pack   :
+
+
+	-------------------
+	END OF CRASH REPORT
+====
 
 Tips and Tricks
 ---------------
@@ -753,7 +958,7 @@ is not `refs/heads/TAG_FIXUP`).
 
 When committing fixups, consider using `merge` to connect the
 commit(s) which are supplying file revisions to the fixup branch.
-Doing so will allow tools such as gitlink:git-blame[1] to track
+Doing so will allow tools such as 'git-blame' to track
 through the real commit history and properly annotate the source
 files.
 
@@ -763,7 +968,7 @@ to remove the dummy branch.
 Import Now, Repack Later
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 As soon as fast-import completes the Git repository is completely valid
-and ready for use.  Typicallly this takes only a very short time,
+and ready for use.  Typically this takes only a very short time,
 even for considerably large projects (100,000+ commits).
 
 However repacking the repository is necessary to improve data
@@ -782,11 +987,20 @@ Repacking Historical Data
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 If you are repacking very old imported data (e.g. older than the
 last year), consider expending some extra CPU time and supplying
-\--window=50 (or higher) when you run gitlink:git-repack[1].
+\--window=50 (or higher) when you run 'git-repack'.
 This will take longer, but will also produce a smaller packfile.
 You only need to expend the effort once, and everyone using your
 project will benefit from the smaller repository.
 
+Include Some Progress Messages
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Every once in a while have your frontend emit a `progress` message
+to fast-import.  The contents of the messages are entirely free-form,
+so one suggestion would be to output the current month and year
+each time the current commit date moves into the next month.
+Your users will feel better knowing how much of the data stream
+has been processed.
+
 
 Packfile Optimization
 ---------------------
@@ -823,8 +1037,8 @@ Memory Utilization
 ------------------
 There are a number of factors which affect how much memory fast-import
 requires to perform an import.  Like critical sections of core
-Git, fast-import uses its own memory allocators to ammortize any overheads
-associated with malloc.  In practice fast-import tends to ammoritize any
+Git, fast-import uses its own memory allocators to amortize any overheads
+associated with malloc.  In practice fast-import tends to amortize any
 malloc overheads to 0, due to its use of large block allocations.
 
 per object
@@ -881,7 +1095,7 @@ per active tree
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Trees (aka directories) use just 12 bytes of memory on top of the
 memory required for their entries (see ``per active file'' below).
-The cost of a tree is virtually 0, as its overhead ammortizes out
+The cost of a tree is virtually 0, as its overhead amortizes out
 over the individual file entries.
 
 per active file entry
@@ -908,5 +1122,4 @@ Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index a99a5b321f..47448da22e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ git-fetch-pack - Receive missing objects from another repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-fetch-pack' [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
+'git fetch-pack' [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Usually you would want to use gitlink:git-fetch[1] which is a
-higher level wrapper of this command instead.
+Usually you would want to use 'git-fetch', which is a
+higher level wrapper of this command, instead.
 
-Invokes 'git-upload-pack' on a potentially remote repository,
+Invokes 'git-upload-pack' on a possibly remote repository
 and asks it to send objects missing from this repository, to
 update the named heads.  The list of commits available locally
 is found out by scanning local $GIT_DIR/refs/ and sent to
@@ -28,24 +28,32 @@ have a common ancestor commit.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-\--all::
+--all::
 	Fetch all remote refs.
 
-\--quiet, \-q::
+-q::
+--quiet::
 	Pass '-q' flag to 'git-unpack-objects'; this makes the
 	cloning process less verbose.
 
-\--keep, \-k::
+-k::
+--keep::
 	Do not invoke 'git-unpack-objects' on received data, but
 	create a single packfile out of it instead, and store it
 	in the object database. If provided twice then the pack is
 	locked against repacking.
 
-\--thin::
+--thin::
 	Spend extra cycles to minimize the number of objects to be sent.
 	Use it on slower connection.
 
-\--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>::
+--include-tag::
+	If the remote side supports it, annotated tags objects will
+	be downloaded on the same connection as the other objects if
+	the object the tag references is downloaded.  The caller must
+	otherwise determine the tags this option made available.
+
+--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>::
 	Use this to specify the path to 'git-upload-pack' on the
 	remote side, if is not found on your $PATH.
 	Installations of sshd ignores the user's environment
@@ -57,16 +65,16 @@ OPTIONS
 	shells by having a lean .bashrc file (they set most of
 	the things up in .bash_profile).
 
-\--exec=<git-upload-pack>::
+--exec=<git-upload-pack>::
 	Same as \--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>.
 
-\--depth=<n>::
+--depth=<n>::
 	Limit fetching to ancestor-chains not longer than n.
 
-\--no-progress::
+--no-progress::
 	Do not show the progress.
 
-\-v::
+-v::
 	Run verbosely.
 
 <host>::
@@ -93,4 +101,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index 5fbeab76b7..d3164c5c88 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-fetch - Download objects and refs from another repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-fetch' <options> <repository> <refspec>...
+'git fetch' <options> <repository> <refspec>...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ the objects necessary to complete them.
 
 The ref names and their object names of fetched refs are stored
 in `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  This information is left for a later merge
-operation done by "git merge".
+operation done by 'git-merge'.
 
 When <refspec> stores the fetched result in tracking branches,
 the tags that point at these branches are automatically
@@ -35,17 +35,17 @@ include::fetch-options.txt[]
 
 include::pull-fetch-param.txt[]
 
-include::urls.txt[]
+include::urls-remotes.txt[]
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-pull[1]
+linkgit:git-pull[1]
 
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 -------------
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab527b5b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+git-filter-branch(1)
+====================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-filter-branch - Rewrite branches
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git filter-branch' [--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
+	[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>]
+	[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>]
+	[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
+	[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force]
+	[--] [<rev-list options>...]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Lets you rewrite git revision history by rewriting the branches mentioned
+in the <rev-list options>, applying custom filters on each revision.
+Those filters can modify each tree (e.g. removing a file or running
+a perl rewrite on all files) or information about each commit.
+Otherwise, all information (including original commit times or merge
+information) will be preserved.
+
+The command will only rewrite the _positive_ refs mentioned in the
+command line (e.g. if you pass 'a..b', only 'b' will be rewritten).
+If you specify no filters, the commits will be recommitted without any
+changes, which would normally have no effect.  Nevertheless, this may be
+useful in the future for compensating for some git bugs or such,
+therefore such a usage is permitted.
+
+*NOTE*: This command honors `.git/info/grafts`. If you have any grafts
+defined, running this command will make them permanent.
+
+*WARNING*! The rewritten history will have different object names for all
+the objects and will not converge with the original branch.  You will not
+be able to easily push and distribute the rewritten branch on top of the
+original branch.  Please do not use this command if you do not know the
+full implications, and avoid using it anyway, if a simple single commit
+would suffice to fix your problem.  (See the "RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM
+REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1] for further information about
+rewriting published history.)
+
+Always verify that the rewritten version is correct: The original refs,
+if different from the rewritten ones, will be stored in the namespace
+'refs/original/'.
+
+Note that since this operation is very I/O expensive, it might
+be a good idea to redirect the temporary directory off-disk with the
+'-d' option, e.g. on tmpfs.  Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
+
+
+Filters
+~~~~~~~
+
+The filters are applied in the order as listed below.  The <command>
+argument is always evaluated in the shell context using the 'eval' command
+(with the notable exception of the commit filter, for technical reasons).
+Prior to that, the $GIT_COMMIT environment variable will be set to contain
+the id of the commit being rewritten.  Also, GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_NAME, GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL,
+and GIT_COMMITTER_DATE are set according to the current commit.  The values
+of these variables after the filters have run, are used for the new commit.
+If any evaluation of <command> returns a non-zero exit status, the whole
+operation will be aborted.
+
+A 'map' function is available that takes an "original sha1 id" argument
+and outputs a "rewritten sha1 id" if the commit has been already
+rewritten, and "original sha1 id" otherwise; the 'map' function can
+return several ids on separate lines if your commit filter emitted
+multiple commits.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--env-filter <command>::
+	This filter may be used if you only need to modify the environment
+	in which the commit will be performed.  Specifically, you might
+	want to rewrite the author/committer name/email/time environment
+	variables (see linkgit:git-commit[1] for details).  Do not forget
+	to re-export the variables.
+
+--tree-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for rewriting the tree and its contents.
+	The argument is evaluated in shell with the working
+	directory set to the root of the checked out tree.  The new tree
+	is then used as-is (new files are auto-added, disappeared files
+	are auto-removed - neither .gitignore files nor any other ignore
+	rules *HAVE ANY EFFECT*!).
+
+--index-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for rewriting the index.  It is similar to the
+	tree filter but does not check out the tree, which makes it much
+	faster.  Frequently used with `git rm \--cached
+	\--ignore-unmatch ...`, see EXAMPLES below.  For hairy
+	cases, see linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+
+--parent-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for rewriting the commit's parent list.
+	It will receive the parent string on stdin and shall output
+	the new parent string on stdout.  The parent string is in
+	the format described in linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]: empty for
+	the initial commit, "-p parent" for a normal commit and
+	"-p parent1 -p parent2 -p parent3 ..." for a merge commit.
+
+--msg-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for rewriting the commit messages.
+	The argument is evaluated in the shell with the original
+	commit message on standard input; its standard output is
+	used as the new commit message.
+
+--commit-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for performing the commit.
+	If this filter is specified, it will be called instead of the
+	'git-commit-tree' command, with arguments of the form
+	"<TREE_ID> [-p <PARENT_COMMIT_ID>]..." and the log message on
+	stdin.  The commit id is expected on stdout.
++
+As a special extension, the commit filter may emit multiple
+commit ids; in that case, the rewritten children of the original commit will
+have all of them as parents.
++
+You can use the 'map' convenience function in this filter, and other
+convenience functions, too.  For example, calling 'skip_commit "$@"'
+will leave out the current commit (but not its changes! If you want
+that, use 'git-rebase' instead).
++
+You can also use the 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead of
+'git commit-tree "$@"' if you don't wish to keep commits with a single parent
+and that makes no change to the tree.
+
+--tag-name-filter <command>::
+	This is the filter for rewriting tag names. When passed,
+	it will be called for every tag ref that points to a rewritten
+	object (or to a tag object which points to a rewritten object).
+	The original tag name is passed via standard input, and the new
+	tag name is expected on standard output.
++
+The original tags are not deleted, but can be overwritten;
+use "--tag-name-filter cat" to simply update the tags.  In this
+case, be very careful and make sure you have the old tags
+backed up in case the conversion has run afoul.
++
+Nearly proper rewriting of tag objects is supported. If the tag has
+a message attached, a new tag object will be created with the same message,
+author, and timestamp. If the tag has a signature attached, the
+signature will be stripped. It is by definition impossible to preserve
+signatures. The reason this is "nearly" proper, is because ideally if
+the tag did not change (points to the same object, has the same name, etc.)
+it should retain any signature. That is not the case, signatures will always
+be removed, buyer beware. There is also no support for changing the
+author or timestamp (or the tag message for that matter). Tags which point
+to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
+
+--subdirectory-filter <directory>::
+	Only look at the history which touches the given subdirectory.
+	The result will contain that directory (and only that) as its
+	project root.
+
+--prune-empty::
+	Some kind of filters will generate empty commits, that left the tree
+	untouched.  This switch allow git-filter-branch to ignore such
+	commits.  Though, this switch only applies for commits that have one
+	and only one parent, it will hence keep merges points. Also, this
+	option is not compatible with the use of '--commit-filter'. Though you
+	just need to use the function 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead
+	of the 'git commit-tree "$@"' idiom in your commit filter to make that
+	happen.
+
+--original <namespace>::
+	Use this option to set the namespace where the original commits
+	will be stored. The default value is 'refs/original'.
+
+-d <directory>::
+	Use this option to set the path to the temporary directory used for
+	rewriting.  When applying a tree filter, the command needs to
+	temporarily check out the tree to some directory, which may consume
+	considerable space in case of large projects.  By default it
+	does this in the '.git-rewrite/' directory but you can override
+	that choice by this parameter.
+
+-f::
+--force::
+	'git-filter-branch' refuses to start with an existing temporary
+	directory or when there are already refs starting with
+	'refs/original/', unless forced.
+
+<rev-list options>...::
+	Arguments for 'git-rev-list'.  All positive refs included by
+	these options are rewritten.  You may also specify options
+	such as '--all', but you must use '--' to separate them from
+	the 'git-filter-branch' options.
+
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+Suppose you want to remove a file (containing confidential information
+or copyright violation) from all commits:
+
+-------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --tree-filter 'rm filename' HEAD
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+However, if the file is absent from the tree of some commit,
+a simple `rm filename` will fail for that tree and commit.
+Thus you may instead want to use `rm -f filename` as the script.
+
+Using `\--index-filter` with 'git-rm' yields a significantly faster
+version.  Like with using `rm filename`, `git rm --cached filename`
+will fail if the file is absent from the tree of a commit.  If you
+want to "completely forget" a file, it does not matter when it entered
+history, so we also add `\--ignore-unmatch`:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch filename' HEAD
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Now, you will get the rewritten history saved in HEAD.
+
+To rewrite the repository to look as if `foodir/` had been its project
+root, and discard all other history:
+
+-------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter foodir -- --all
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+Thus you can, e.g., turn a library subdirectory into a repository of
+its own.  Note the `\--` that separates 'filter-branch' options from
+revision options, and the `\--all` to rewrite all branches and tags.
+
+To set a commit (which typically is at the tip of another
+history) to be the parent of the current initial commit, in
+order to paste the other history behind the current history:
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --parent-filter 'sed "s/^\$/-p <graft-id>/"' HEAD
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(if the parent string is empty - which happens when we are dealing with
+the initial commit - add graftcommit as a parent).  Note that this assumes
+history with a single root (that is, no merge without common ancestors
+happened).  If this is not the case, use:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --parent-filter \
+	'test $GIT_COMMIT = <commit-id> && echo "-p <graft-id>" || cat' HEAD
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+or even simpler:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+echo "$commit-id $graft-id" >> .git/info/grafts
+git filter-branch $graft-id..HEAD
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+To remove commits authored by "Darl McBribe" from the history:
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --commit-filter '
+	if [ "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" = "Darl McBribe" ];
+	then
+		skip_commit "$@";
+	else
+		git commit-tree "$@";
+	fi' HEAD
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The function 'skip_commit' is defined as follows:
+
+--------------------------
+skip_commit()
+{
+	shift;
+	while [ -n "$1" ];
+	do
+		shift;
+		map "$1";
+		shift;
+	done;
+}
+--------------------------
+
+The shift magic first throws away the tree id and then the -p
+parameters.  Note that this handles merges properly! In case Darl
+committed a merge between P1 and P2, it will be propagated properly
+and all children of the merge will become merge commits with P1,P2
+as their parents instead of the merge commit.
+
+You can rewrite the commit log messages using `--msg-filter`.  For
+example, 'git-svn-id' strings in a repository created by 'git-svn' can
+be removed this way:
+
+-------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --msg-filter '
+	sed -e "/^git-svn-id:/d"
+'
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+To restrict rewriting to only part of the history, specify a revision
+range in addition to the new branch name.  The new branch name will
+point to the top-most revision that a 'git-rev-list' of this range
+will print.
+
+*NOTE* the changes introduced by the commits, and which are not reverted
+by subsequent commits, will still be in the rewritten branch. If you want
+to throw out _changes_ together with the commits, you should use the
+interactive mode of 'git-rebase'.
+
+
+Consider this history:
+
+------------------
+     D--E--F--G--H
+    /     /
+A--B-----C
+------------------
+
+To rewrite only commits D,E,F,G,H, but leave A, B and C alone, use:
+
+--------------------------------
+git filter-branch ... C..H
+--------------------------------
+
+To rewrite commits E,F,G,H, use one of these:
+
+----------------------------------------
+git filter-branch ... C..H --not D
+git filter-branch ... D..H --not C
+----------------------------------------
+
+To move the whole tree into a subdirectory, or remove it from there:
+
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --index-filter \
+	'git ls-files -s | sed "s-\t-&newsubdir/-" |
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new \
+			git update-index --index-info &&
+	 mv $GIT_INDEX_FILE.new $GIT_INDEX_FILE' HEAD
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+
+Checklist for Shrinking a Repository
+------------------------------------
+
+git-filter-branch is often used to get rid of a subset of files,
+usually with some combination of `\--index-filter` and
+`\--subdirectory-filter`.  People expect the resulting repository to
+be smaller than the original, but you need a few more steps to
+actually make it smaller, because git tries hard not to lose your
+objects until you tell it to.  First make sure that:
+
+* You really removed all variants of a filename, if a blob was moved
+  over its lifetime.  `git log \--name-only \--follow \--all \--
+  filename` can help you find renames.
+
+* You really filtered all refs: use `\--tag-name-filter cat \--
+  \--all` when calling git-filter-branch.
+
+Then there are two ways to get a smaller repository.  A safer way is
+to clone, that keeps your original intact.
+
+* Clone it with `git clone +++file:///path/to/repo+++`.  The clone
+  will not have the removed objects.  See linkgit:git-clone[1].  (Note
+  that cloning with a plain path just hardlinks everything!)
+
+If you really don't want to clone it, for whatever reasons, check the
+following points instead (in this order).  This is a very destructive
+approach, so *make a backup* or go back to cloning it.  You have been
+warned.
+
+* Remove the original refs backed up by git-filter-branch: say `git
+  for-each-ref \--format="%(refname)" refs/original/ | xargs -n 1 git
+  update-ref -d`.
+
+* Expire all reflogs with `git reflog expire \--expire=now \--all`.
+
+* Garbage collect all unreferenced objects with `git gc \--prune=now`
+  (or if your git-gc is not new enough to support arguments to
+  `\--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
+
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Petr "Pasky" Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>,
+and the git list <git@vger.kernel.org>
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Petr Baudis and the git list.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index a70eb3994a..1c24796d66 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -8,26 +8,60 @@ git-fmt-merge-msg - Produce a merge commit message
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-fmt-merge-msg' <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
+[verse]
+'git fmt-merge-msg' [--log | --no-log] <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
+'git fmt-merge-msg' [--log | --no-log] -F <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Takes the list of merged objects on stdin and produces a suitable
 commit message to be used for the merge commit, usually to be
-passed as the '<merge-message>' argument of `git-merge`.
+passed as the '<merge-message>' argument of 'git-merge'.
 
 This script is intended mostly for internal use by scripts
-automatically invoking `git-merge`.
+automatically invoking 'git-merge'.
 
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--log::
+	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
+	one-line descriptions from the actual commits that are being
+	merged.
+
+--no-log::
+	Do not list one-line descriptions from the actual commits being
+	merged.
+
+--summary::
+--no-summary::
+	Synonyms to --log and --no-log; these are deprecated and will be
+	removed in the future.
+
+-F <file>::
+--file <file>::
+	Take the list of merged objects from <file> instead of
+	stdin.
+
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+merge.log::
+	Whether to include summaries of merged commits in newly
+	merge commit messages. False by default.
+
+merge.summary::
+	Synonym to `merge.log`; this is deprecated and will be removed in
+	the future.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-merge[1]
+linkgit:git-merge[1]
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -35,5 +69,4 @@ Documentation by Petr Baudis, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.o
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index f49b0d944c..8dc873fd44 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-for-each-ref' [--count=<count>]\* [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl] [--sort=<key>]\* [--format=<format>] [<pattern>]
+[verse]
+'git for-each-ref' [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
+		   [--sort=<key>]\* [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
 according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
-to the given set of `<key>`.  If `<max>` is given, stop after
+to the given set of `<key>`.  If `<count>` is given, stop after
 showing that many refs.  The interpolated values in `<format>`
 can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
 host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
@@ -29,8 +31,9 @@ OPTIONS
 <key>::
 	A field name to sort on.  Prefix `-` to sort in
 	descending order of the value.  When unspecified,
-	`refname` is used.  More than one sort keys can be
-	given.
+	`refname` is used.  You may use the --sort=<key> option
+	multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
+	key.
 
 <format>::
 	A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
@@ -44,12 +47,16 @@ OPTIONS
 	`xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
 	`%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
 
-<pattern>::
-	If given, the name of the ref is matched against this
-	using fnmatch(3).  Refs that do not match the pattern
-	are not shown.
+<pattern>...::
+	If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
+	match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
+	literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
+	beginning up to a slash.
 
---shell, --perl, --python, --tcl::
+--shell::
+--perl::
+--python::
+--tcl::
 	If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
 	placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
 	the specified host language.  This is meant to produce
@@ -67,16 +74,24 @@ For all objects, the following names can be used:
 
 refname::
 	The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
+	For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
+	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
+	abbreviation mode.
 
 objecttype::
 	The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
 
 objectsize::
-	The size of the object (the same as `git-cat-file -s` reports).
+	The size of the object (the same as 'git-cat-file -s' reports).
 
 objectname::
 	The object name (aka SHA-1).
 
+upstream::
+	The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
+	from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
+	`refname` above.
+
 In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 be used to specify the value in the header field.
@@ -97,6 +112,11 @@ In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 the object referred by the ref does not cause an error.  It
 returns an empty string instead.
 
+As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
+the date by adding one of `:default`, `:relative`, `:short`, `:local`,
+`:iso8601` or `:rfc2822` to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
+`%(taggerdate:relative)`.
+
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -107,7 +127,7 @@ An example directly producing formatted text.  Show the most recent
 ------------
 #!/bin/sh
 
-git-for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
+git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
 --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
 Subject: %(*subject)
 Date: %(*authordate)
@@ -123,7 +143,7 @@ demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads::
 ------------
 #!/bin/sh
 
-git-for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
+git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
 while read entry
 do
 	eval "$entry"
@@ -177,7 +197,7 @@ Its message reads as:
 	fi
 '
 
-eval=`git-for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
+eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
 	--sort='*objecttype' \
 	--sort=-taggerdate \
 	refs/tags`
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 111d7c60bf..687e667598 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -9,61 +9,99 @@ git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-format-patch' [-n | -k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
-	           [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
-	           [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>] [--start-number <n>]
+'git format-patch' [-k] [(-o|--output-directory) <dir> | --stdout]
+		   [--no-thread | --thread[=<style>]]
+		   [(--attach|--inline)[=<boundary>] | --no-attach]
+		   [-s | --signoff]
+		   [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
+		   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
 		   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
 		   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
-		   <since>[..<until>]
+		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
+		   [--cc=<email>]
+		   [--cover-letter]
+		   [<common diff options>]
+		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Prepare each commit between <since> and <until> with its patch in
+Prepare each commit with its patch in
 one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
-If ..<until> is not specified, the head of the current working
-tree is implied.  For a more complete list of ways to spell
-<since> and <until>, see "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in
-gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
-
 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
-for use with gitlink:git-am[1].
+for use with 'git-am'.
+
+There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
+
+1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
+   to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
+   that leads to the <since> to be output.
+
+2. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
+   REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
+   commits in the specified range.
+
+The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>.  To
+apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of
+history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: "git format-patch
+\--root <commit>".  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
+can do this with "git format-patch -1 <commit>".
 
-Each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
+By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
 first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
-the filename. The names of the output files are printed to standard
+the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
+will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
+The names of the output files are printed to standard
 output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
 
 If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
 they are created in the current working directory.
 
-If -n is specified, instead of "[PATCH] Subject", the first line
-is formatted as "[PATCH n/m] Subject".
+By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] First Line" and
+the subject when multiple patches are output is "[PATCH n/m] First
+Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use -n.  To omit
+patch numbers from the subject, use -N
 
-If given --thread, git-format-patch will generate In-Reply-To and
+If given --thread, 'git-format-patch' will generate In-Reply-To and
 References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
 as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
 reference.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+:git-format-patch: 1
 include::diff-options.txt[]
 
--o|--output-directory <dir>::
+-<n>::
+	Limits the number of patches to prepare.
+
+-o <dir>::
+--output-directory <dir>::
 	Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
 	current working directory.
 
--n|--numbered::
-	Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format.
+-n::
+--numbered::
+	Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format, even with a single patch.
+
+-N::
+--no-numbered::
+	Name output in '[PATCH]' format.
 
 --start-number <n>::
 	Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
 
--k|--keep-subject::
+--numbered-files::
+	Output file names will be a simple number sequence
+	without the default first line of the commit appended.
+
+-k::
+--keep-subject::
 	Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
 	commit log message.
 
--s|--signoff::
+-s::
+--signoff::
 	Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 	the committer identity of yourself.
 
@@ -76,15 +114,35 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 	second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
 
+--no-attach::
+	Disable the creation of an attachment, overriding the
+	configuration setting.
+
 --inline[=<boundary>]::
 	Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 	which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 	second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
 
---thread::
-	Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
-	subsequent mails appear as replies to the first.  Also generates
-	the Message-Id header to reference.
+--thread[=<style>]::
+--no-thread::
+	Controls addition of In-Reply-To and References headers to
+	make the second and subsequent mails appear as replies to the
+	first.  Also controls generation of the Message-Id header to
+	reference.
++
+The optional <style> argument can be either `shallow` or `deep`.
+'shallow' threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the
+series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
+`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'deep'
+threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
++
+The default is --no-thread, unless the 'format.thread' configuration
+is set.  If --thread is specified without a style, it defaults to the
+style specified by 'format.thread' if any, or else `shallow`.
++
+Beware that the default for 'git send-email' is to thread emails
+itself.  If you want 'git format-patch' to take care of hreading, you
+will want to ensure that threading is disabled for 'git send-email'.
 
 --in-reply-to=Message-Id::
 	Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
@@ -98,63 +156,120 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
 	ignored.
 
+--subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
+	Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
+	line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
+	allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
+	combined with the --numbered option.
+
+--cc=<email>::
+	Add a "Cc:" header to the email headers. This is in addition
+	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
+
+--add-header=<header>::
+	Add an arbitrary header to the email headers.  This is in addition
+	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
+	For example, --add-header="Organization: git-foo"
+
+--cover-letter::
+	In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
+	containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
+	fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
+
 --suffix=.<sfx>::
 	Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
-	filenames, use specifed suffix.  A common alternative is
-	`--suffix=.txt`.
+	filenames, use specified suffix.  A common alternative is
+	`--suffix=.txt`.  Leaving this empty will remove the `.patch`
+	suffix.
 +
-Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
-want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
-the first letter does not have to be a dot.  Leaving it empty would
-not add any suffix.
+Note that the leading character does not have to be a dot; for example,
+you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
+
+--no-binary::
+	Do not output contents of changes in binary files, instead
+	display a notice that those files changed.  Patches generated
+	using this option cannot be applied properly, but they are
+	still useful for code review.
+
+--root::
+	Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it
+	is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a
+	<since>).  Note that root commits included in the specified
+	range are always formatted as creation patches, independently
+	of this flag.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each
-message in the repository configuration.  Also you can specify
-the default suffix different from the built-in one:
+You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message,
+defaults for the subject prefix and file suffix, number patches when
+outputting more than one patch, add "Cc:" headers, configure attachments,
+and sign off patches with configuration variables.
 
 ------------
 [format]
-        headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
-        suffix = .txt
+	headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
+	subjectprefix = CHANGE
+	suffix = .txt
+	numbered = auto
+	cc = <email>
+	attach [ = mime-boundary-string ]
+	signoff = true
 ------------
 
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
-git-format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git-am -3 -k::
-	Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply
-	them on top of the current branch using `git-am` to
-	cherry-pick them.
-
-git-format-patch origin::
-	Extract all commits which are in the current branch but
-	not in the origin branch.  For each commit a separate file
-	is created in the current directory.
-
-git-format-patch -M -B origin::
-	The same as the previous one.  Additionally, it detects
-	and handles renames and complete rewrites intelligently to
-	produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces the
-	amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to
-	review it.  Note that the "patch" program does not
-	understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know
-	the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
-
-git-format-patch -3::
-	Extract three topmost commits from the current branch
-	and format them as e-mailable patches.
-
-See Also
+* Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply them on top of
+the current branch using 'git-am' to cherry-pick them:
++
+------------
+$ git format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git am -3 -k
+------------
+
+* Extract all commits which are in the current branch but not in the
+origin branch:
++
+------------
+$ git format-patch origin
+------------
++
+For each commit a separate file is created in the current directory.
+
+* Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the inception of the
+project:
++
+------------
+$ git format-patch --root origin
+------------
+
+* The same as the previous one:
++
+------------
+$ git format-patch -M -B origin
+------------
++
+Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites
+intelligently to produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces
+the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review.
+Note that non-git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so
+use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
+
+* Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them
+as e-mailable patches:
++
+------------
+$ git format-patch -3
+------------
+
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-send-email[1]
+linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -162,5 +277,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
index f21061ecfe..965a8279c1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ git-fsck-objects - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-fsck-objects' ...
+'git fsck-objects' ...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This is a synonym for gitlink:git-fsck[1].  Please refer to the
+This is a synonym for linkgit:git-fsck[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index 8c68cf0372..287c4fc5e0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git-fsck - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
-		 [--full] [--strict] [<object>*]
+'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
+	 [--full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ OPTIONS
 <object>::
 	An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
 +
-If no objects are given, git-fsck defaults to using the
-index file and all SHA1 references in .git/refs/* as heads.
+If no objects are given, 'git-fsck' defaults to using the
+index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
+--no-reflogs is given) as heads.
 
 --unreachable::
 	Print out objects that exist but that aren't readable from any
@@ -61,6 +62,15 @@ index file and all SHA1 references in .git/refs/* as heads.
 	objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
 	to check new projects with this flag.
 
+--verbose::
+	Be chatty.
+
+--lost-found::
+	Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
+	.git/lost-found/other/, depending on type.  If the object is
+	a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
+	its object name.
+
 It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
 the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
@@ -69,15 +79,16 @@ that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes.
 
 So for example
 
-	git-fsck --unreachable HEAD $(cat .git/refs/heads/*)
+	git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
+		$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
 
 will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
 extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
-sorted properly etc), but on the whole if "git-fsck" is happy, you
+sorted properly etc), but on the whole if 'git-fsck' is happy, you
 do have a valid tree.
 
 Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
-(i.e., you can just remove them and do an "rsync" with some other site in
+(i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
 
 Of course, "valid tree" doesn't mean that it wasn't generated by some
@@ -141,5 +152,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index bc1658434a..b292e9843a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -8,33 +8,67 @@ git-gc - Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-gc' [--prune]
+'git gc' [--aggressive] [--auto] [--quiet] [--prune=<date> | --no-prune]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Runs a number of housekeeping tasks within the current repository,
 such as compressing file revisions (to reduce disk space and increase
 performance) and removing unreachable objects which may have been
-created from prior invocations of gitlink:git-add[1].
+created from prior invocations of 'git-add'.
 
 Users are encouraged to run this task on a regular basis within
 each repository to maintain good disk space utilization and good
 operating performance.
 
+Some git commands may automatically run 'git-gc'; see the `--auto` flag
+below for details. If you know what you're doing and all you want is to
+disable this behavior permanently without further considerations, just do:
+
+----------------------
+$ git config --global gc.auto 0
+----------------------
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
---prune::
-	Usually `git-gc` packs refs, expires old reflog entries,
-	packs loose objects,
-	and removes old 'rerere' records.  Removal
-	of unreferenced loose objects is an unsafe operation
-	while other git operations are in progress, so it is not
-	done by default.  Pass this option if you want it, and only
-	when you know nobody else is creating new objects in the
-	repository at the same time (e.g. never use this option
-	in a cron script).
-
+--aggressive::
+	Usually 'git-gc' runs very quickly while providing good disk
+	space utilization and performance.  This option will cause
+	'git-gc' to more aggressively optimize the repository at the expense
+	of taking much more time.  The effects of this optimization are
+	persistent, so this option only needs to be used occasionally; every
+	few hundred changesets or so.
+
+--auto::
+	With this option, 'git-gc' checks whether any housekeeping is
+	required; if not, it exits without performing any work.
+	Some git commands run `git gc --auto` after performing
+	operations that could create many loose objects.
++
+Housekeeping is required if there are too many loose objects or
+too many packs in the repository. If the number of loose objects
+exceeds the value of the `gc.auto` configuration variable, then
+all loose objects are combined into a single pack using
+'git-repack -d -l'.  Setting the value of `gc.auto` to 0
+disables automatic packing of loose objects.
++
+If the number of packs exceeds the value of `gc.autopacklimit`,
+then existing packs (except those marked with a `.keep` file)
+are consolidated into a single pack by using the `-A` option of
+'git-repack'. Setting `gc.autopacklimit` to 0 disables
+automatic consolidation of packs.
+
+--prune=<date>::
+	Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago,
+	overrideable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`).  This
+	option is on by default.
+
+--no-prune::
+	Do not prune any loose objects.
+
+--quiet::
+	Suppress all progress reports.
 
 Configuration
 -------------
@@ -63,16 +97,42 @@ how long records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
 kept.  This defaults to 15 days.
 
 The optional configuration variable 'gc.packrefs' determines if
-`git gc` runs `git-pack-refs`.  Without the configuration, `git-pack-refs`
-is not run in bare repositories by default, to allow older dumb-transport
-clients fetch from the repository,  but this will change in the future.
+'git-gc' runs 'git-pack-refs'. This can be set to "nobare" to enable
+it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value.
+This defaults to true.
+
+The optional configuration variable 'gc.aggressiveWindow' controls how
+much time is spent optimizing the delta compression of the objects in
+the repository when the --aggressive option is specified.  The larger
+the value, the more time is spent optimizing the delta compression.  See
+the documentation for the --window' option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
+more details.  This defaults to 10.
+
+The optional configuration variable 'gc.pruneExpire' controls how old
+the unreferenced loose objects have to be before they are pruned.  The
+default is "2 weeks ago".
+
+
+Notes
+-----
+
+'git-gc' tries very hard to be safe about the garbage it collects. In
+particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set
+of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index, remote
+tracking branches, refs saved by 'git-filter-branch' in
+refs/original/, or reflogs (which may references commits in branches
+that were later amended or rewound).
+
+If you are expecting some objects to be collected and they aren't, check
+all of those locations and decide whether it makes sense in your case to
+remove those references.
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-prune[1]
-gitlink:git-reflog[1]
-gitlink:git-repack[1]
-gitlink:git-rerere[1]
+linkgit:git-prune[1]
+linkgit:git-reflog[1]
+linkgit:git-repack[1]
+linkgit:git-rerere[1]
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -80,4 +140,4 @@ Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
index 48805b651c..84f23ee525 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
@@ -3,23 +3,23 @@ git-get-tar-commit-id(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-get-tar-commit-id - Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-tar-tree
+git-get-tar-commit-id - Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-get-tar-commit-id' < <tarfile>
+'git get-tar-commit-id' < <tarfile>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Acts as a filter, extracting the commit ID stored in archives created by
-git-tar-tree.  It reads only the first 1024 bytes of input, thus its
+'git-archive'.  It reads only the first 1024 bytes of input, thus its
 runtime is not influenced by the size of <tarfile> very much.
 
-If no commit ID is found, git-get-tar-commit-id quietly exists with a
+If no commit ID is found, 'git-get-tar-commit-id' quietly exists with a
 return code of 1.  This can happen if <tarfile> had not been created
-using git-tar-tree or if the first parameter of git-tar-tree had been
+using 'git-archive' or if the first parameter of 'git-archive' had been
 a tree ID instead of a commit ID or tag.
 
 
@@ -33,5 +33,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index 0140c8e358..b753c9d76f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -9,15 +9,18 @@ git-grep - Print lines matching a pattern
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-grep' [--cached]
+'git grep' [--cached]
 	   [-a | --text] [-I] [-i | --ignore-case] [-w | --word-regexp]
 	   [-v | --invert-match] [-h|-H] [--full-name]
-	   [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp] [-F | --fixed-strings]
-	   [-n] [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match]
+	   [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp]
+	   [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n]
+	   [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match]
+	   [-z | --null]
 	   [-c | --count] [--all-match]
+	   [--color | --no-color]
 	   [-A <post-context>] [-B <pre-context>] [-C <context>]
-	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern> [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...]
-	   [<tree>...]
+	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
+	   [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...] [<tree>...]
 	   [--] [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -32,22 +35,30 @@ OPTIONS
 	Instead of searching in the working tree files, check
 	the blobs registered in the index file.
 
--a | --text::
+-a::
+--text::
 	Process binary files as if they were text.
 
--i | --ignore-case::
+-i::
+--ignore-case::
 	Ignore case differences between the patterns and the
 	files.
 
--w | --word-regexp::
+-I::
+	Don't match the pattern in binary files.
+
+-w::
+--word-regexp::
 	Match the pattern only at word boundary (either begin at the
 	beginning of a line, or preceded by a non-word character; end at
 	the end of a line or followed by a non-word character).
 
--v | --invert-match::
+-v::
+--invert-match::
 	Select non-matching lines.
 
--h | -H::
+-h::
+-H::
 	By default, the command shows the filename for each
 	match.  `-h` option is used to suppress this output.
 	`-H` is there for completeness and does not do anything
@@ -60,27 +71,65 @@ OPTIONS
 	option forces paths to be output relative to the project
 	top directory.
 
--E | --extended-regexp | -G | --basic-regexp::
+-E::
+--extended-regexp::
+-G::
+--basic-regexp::
 	Use POSIX extended/basic regexp for patterns.  Default
 	is to use basic regexp.
 
+-F::
+--fixed-strings::
+	Use fixed strings for patterns (don't interpret pattern
+	as a regex).
+
 -n::
 	Prefix the line number to matching lines.
 
--l | --files-with-matches | -L | --files-without-match::
+-l::
+--files-with-matches::
+--name-only::
+-L::
+--files-without-match::
 	Instead of showing every matched line, show only the
 	names of files that contain (or do not contain) matches.
+	For better compatibility with 'git-diff', --name-only is a
+	synonym for --files-with-matches.
 
--c | --count::
+-z::
+--null::
+	Output \0 instead of the character that normally follows a
+	file name.
+
+-c::
+--count::
 	Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of
 	lines that match.
 
+--color::
+	Show colored matches.
+
+--no-color::
+	Turn off match highlighting, even when the configuration file
+	gives the default to color output.
+
 -[ABC] <context>::
 	Show `context` trailing (`A` -- after), or leading (`B`
 	-- before), or both (`C` -- context) lines, and place a
 	line containing `--` between contiguous groups of
 	matches.
 
+-<num>::
+	A shortcut for specifying -C<num>.
+
+-p::
+--show-function::
+	Show the preceding line that contains the function name of
+	the match, unless the matching line is a function name itself.
+	The name is determined in the same way as 'git diff' works out
+	patch hunk headers (see 'Defining a custom hunk-header' in
+	linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+
 -f <file>::
 	Read patterns from <file>, one per line.
 
@@ -90,7 +139,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	scripts passing user input to grep.  Multiple patterns are
 	combined by 'or'.
 
---and | --or | --not | ( | )::
+--and::
+--or::
+--not::
+( ... )::
 	Specify how multiple patterns are combined using Boolean
 	expressions.  `--or` is the default operator.  `--and` has
 	higher precedence than `--or`.  `-e` has to be used for all
@@ -132,5 +184,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0bc98b852
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+git-gui(1)
+==========
+
+NAME
+----
+git-gui - A portable graphical interface to Git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git gui' [<command>] [arguments]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+A Tcl/Tk based graphical user interface to Git.  'git-gui' focuses
+on allowing users to make changes to their repository by making
+new commits, amending existing ones, creating branches, performing
+local merges, and fetching/pushing to remote repositories.
+
+Unlike 'gitk', 'git-gui' focuses on commit generation
+and single file annotation and does not show project history.
+It does however supply menu actions to start a 'gitk' session from
+within 'git-gui'.
+
+'git-gui' is known to work on all popular UNIX systems, Mac OS X,
+and Windows (under both Cygwin and MSYS).  To the extent possible
+OS specific user interface guidelines are followed, making 'git-gui'
+a fairly native interface for users.
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+blame::
+	Start a blame viewer on the specified file on the given
+	version (or working directory if not specified).
+
+browser::
+	Start a tree browser showing all files in the specified
+	commit (or 'HEAD' by default).  Files selected through the
+	browser are opened in the blame viewer.
+
+citool::
+	Start 'git-gui' and arrange to make exactly one commit before
+	exiting and returning to the shell.  The interface is limited
+	to only commit actions, slightly reducing the application's
+	startup time and simplifying the menubar.
+
+version::
+	Display the currently running version of 'git-gui'.
+
+
+Examples
+--------
+git gui blame Makefile::
+
+	Show the contents of the file 'Makefile' in the current
+	working directory, and provide annotations for both the
+	original author of each line, and who moved the line to its
+	current location.  The uncommitted file is annotated, and
+	uncommitted changes (if any) are explicitly attributed to
+	'Not Yet Committed'.
+
+git gui blame v0.99.8 Makefile::
+
+	Show the contents of 'Makefile' in revision 'v0.99.8'
+	and provide annotations for each line.  Unlike the above
+	example the file is read from the object database and not
+	the working directory.
+
+git gui blame --line=100 Makefile::
+
+	Loads annotations as described above and automatically
+	scrolls the view to center on line '100'.
+
+git gui citool::
+
+	Make one commit and return to the shell when it is complete.
+	This command returns a non-zero exit code if the window was
+	closed in any way other than by making a commit.
+
+git gui citool --amend::
+
+	Automatically enter the 'Amend Last Commit' mode of
+	the interface.
+
+git gui citool --nocommit::
+
+	Behave as normal citool, but instead of making a commit
+	simply terminate with a zero exit code. It still checks
+	that the index does not contain any unmerged entries, so
+	you can use it as a GUI version of linkgit:git-mergetool[1]
+
+git citool::
+
+	Same as `git gui citool` (above).
+
+git gui browser maint::
+
+	Show a browser for the tree of the 'maint' branch.  Files
+	selected in the browser can be viewed with the internal
+	blame viewer.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitk[1]::
+	The git repository browser.  Shows branches, commit history
+	and file differences.  gitk is the utility started by
+	'git-gui''s Repository Visualize actions.
+
+Other
+-----
+'git-gui' is actually maintained as an independent project, but stable
+versions are distributed as part of the Git suite for the convenience
+of end users.
+
+A 'git-gui' development repository can be obtained from:
+
+  git clone git://repo.or.cz/git-gui.git
+
+or
+
+  git clone http://repo.or.cz/r/git-gui.git
+
+or browsed online at http://repo.or.cz/w/git-gui.git/[].
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
index 5edc36f060..0af40cfb85 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ git-hash-object - Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] [--stdin] [--] <file>...
+[verse]
+'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>...
+'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -16,9 +18,9 @@ Computes the object ID value for an object with specified type
 with the contents of the named file (which can be outside of the
 work tree), and optionally writes the resulting object into the
 object database.  Reports its object ID to its standard output.
-This is used by "git-cvsimport" to update the index
+This is used by 'git-cvsimport' to update the index
 without modifying files in the work tree.  When <type> is not
-specified, it defaults to "blob". 
+specified, it defaults to "blob".
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -32,9 +34,28 @@ OPTIONS
 --stdin::
 	Read the object from standard input instead of from a file.
 
+--stdin-paths::
+	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+
+--path::
+	Hash object as it were located at the given path. The location of
+	file does not directly influence on the hash value, but path is
+	used to determine what git filters should be applied to the object
+	before it can be placed to the object database, and, as result of
+	applying filters, the actual blob put into the object database may
+	differ from the given file. This option is mainly useful for hashing
+	temporary files located outside of the working directory or files
+	read from stdin.
+
+--no-filters::
+	Hash the contents as is, ignoring any input filter that would
+	have been chosen by the attributes mechanism, including crlf
+	conversion. If the file is read from standard input then this
+	is always implied, unless the --path option is given.
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -42,5 +63,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9b9c34b3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+git-help(1)
+===========
+
+NAME
+----
+git-help - display help information about git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git help' [-a|--all|-i|--info|-m|--man|-w|--web] [COMMAND]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+With no options and no COMMAND given, the synopsis of the 'git'
+command and a list of the most commonly used git commands are printed
+on the standard output.
+
+If the option '--all' or '-a' is given, then all available commands are
+printed on the standard output.
+
+If a git command is named, a manual page for that command is brought
+up. The 'man' program is used by default for this purpose, but this
+can be overridden by other options or configuration variables.
+
+Note that `git --help ...` is identical to `git help ...` because the
+former is internally converted into the latter.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-a::
+--all::
+	Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This
+	option supersedes any other option.
+
+-i::
+--info::
+	Display manual page for the command in the 'info' format. The
+	'info' program will be used for that purpose.
+
+-m::
+--man::
+	Display manual page for the command in the 'man' format. This
+	option may be used to override a value set in the
+	'help.format' configuration variable.
++
+By default the 'man' program will be used to display the manual page,
+but the 'man.viewer' configuration variable may be used to choose
+other display programs (see below).
+
+-w::
+--web::
+	Display manual page for the command in the 'web' (HTML)
+	format. A web browser will be used for that purpose.
++
+The web browser can be specified using the configuration variable
+'help.browser', or 'web.browser' if the former is not set. If none of
+these config variables is set, the 'git-web--browse' helper script
+(called by 'git-help') will pick a suitable default. See
+linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this.
+
+CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+-----------------------
+
+help.format
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If no command line option is passed, the 'help.format' configuration
+variable will be checked. The following values are supported for this
+variable; they make 'git-help' behave as their corresponding command
+line option:
+
+* "man" corresponds to '-m|--man',
+* "info" corresponds to '-i|--info',
+* "web" or "html" correspond to '-w|--web'.
+
+help.browser, web.browser and browser.<tool>.path
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The 'help.browser', 'web.browser' and 'browser.<tool>.path' will also
+be checked if the 'web' format is chosen (either by command line
+option or configuration variable). See '-w|--web' in the OPTIONS
+section above and linkgit:git-web--browse[1].
+
+man.viewer
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The 'man.viewer' config variable will be checked if the 'man' format
+is chosen. The following values are currently supported:
+
+* "man": use the 'man' program as usual,
+* "woman": use 'emacsclient' to launch the "woman" mode in emacs
+(this only works starting with emacsclient versions 22),
+* "konqueror": use 'kfmclient' to open the man page in a new konqueror
+tab (see 'Note about konqueror' below).
+
+Values for other tools can be used if there is a corresponding
+'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration entry (see below).
+
+Multiple values may be given to the 'man.viewer' configuration
+variable. Their corresponding programs will be tried in the order
+listed in the configuration file.
+
+For example, this configuration:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+	[man]
+		viewer = konqueror
+		viewer = woman
+------------------------------------------------
+
+will try to use konqueror first. But this may fail (for example if
+DISPLAY is not set) and in that case emacs' woman mode will be tried.
+
+If everything fails, or if no viewer is configured, the viewer specified
+in the GIT_MAN_VIEWER environment variable will be tried.  If that
+fails too, the 'man' program will be tried anyway.
+
+man.<tool>.path
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred man viewer by
+setting the configuration variable 'man.<tool>.path'. For example, you
+can configure the absolute path to konqueror by setting
+'man.konqueror.path'. Otherwise, 'git-help' assumes the tool is
+available in PATH.
+
+man.<tool>.cmd
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When the man viewer, specified by the 'man.viewer' configuration
+variables, is not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
+'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+variable exists then the specified tool will be treated as a custom
+command and a shell eval will be used to run the command with the man
+page passed as arguments.
+
+Note about konqueror
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When 'konqueror' is specified in the 'man.viewer' configuration
+variable, we launch 'kfmclient' to try to open the man page on an
+already opened konqueror in a new tab if possible.
+
+For consistency, we also try such a trick if 'man.konqueror.path' is
+set to something like 'A_PATH_TO/konqueror'. That means we will try to
+launch 'A_PATH_TO/kfmclient' instead.
+
+If you really want to use 'konqueror', then you can use something like
+the following:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+	[man]
+		viewer = konq
+
+	[man "konq"]
+		cmd = A_PATH_TO/konqueror
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Note about git config --global
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Note that all these configuration variables should probably be set
+using the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git config --global help.format web
+$ git config --global web.browser firefox
+------------------------------------------------
+
+as they are probably more user specific than repository specific.
+See linkgit:git-config[1] for more information about this.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and the git-list
+<git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Initial documentation was part of the linkgit:git[1] man page.
+Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> extracted and rewrote it a
+little. Maintenance is done by the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
index 7dc2df3044..e7c796155f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-http-fetch - Download from a remote git repository via HTTP
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-http-fetch' [-c] [-t] [-a] [-d] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] [--stdin] <commit> <url>
+'git http-fetch' [-c] [-t] [-a] [-d] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] [--stdin] <commit> <url>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -34,11 +34,15 @@ commit-id::
         the local end after the transfer is complete.
 
 --stdin::
-	Instead of a commit id on the commandline (which is not expected in this
+	Instead of a commit id on the command line (which is not expected in this
 	case), 'git-http-fetch' expects lines on stdin in the format
 
 		<commit-id>['\t'<filename-as-in--w>]
 
+--recover::
+	Verify that everything reachable from target is fetched.  Used after
+	an earlier fetch is interrupted.
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
@@ -49,5 +53,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
index 4b4a46169c..aef383e0b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
@@ -8,17 +8,20 @@ git-http-push - Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-http-push' [--complete] [--force] [--verbose] <url> <ref> [<ref>...]
+'git http-push' [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--verbose] <url> <ref> [<ref>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Sends missing objects to remote repository, and updates the
 remote branch.
 
+*NOTE*: This command is temporarily disabled if your libcurl
+is older than 7.16, as the combination has been reported
+not to work and sometimes corrupts repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
---complete::
+--all::
 	Do not assume that the remote repository is complete in its
 	current state, and verify all objects in the entire local
 	ref's history exist in the remote repository.
@@ -30,10 +33,23 @@ OPTIONS
 	the remote repository can lose commits; use it with
 	care.
 
+--dry-run::
+	Do everything except actually send the updates.
+
 --verbose::
 	Report the list of objects being walked locally and the
 	list of objects successfully sent to the remote repository.
 
+-d::
+-D::
+	Remove <ref> from remote repository.  The specified branch
+	cannot be the remote HEAD.  If -d is specified the following
+	other conditions must also be met:
+
+	- Remote HEAD must resolve to an object that exists locally
+	- Specified branch resolves to an object that exists locally
+	- Specified branch is an ancestor of the remote HEAD
+
 <ref>...::
 	The remote refs to update.
 
@@ -43,7 +59,7 @@ Specifying the Refs
 
 A '<ref>' specification can be either a single pattern, or a pair
 of such patterns separated by a colon ":" (this means that a ref name
-cannot have a colon in it).  A single pattern '<name>' is just a 
+cannot have a colon in it).  A single pattern '<name>' is just a
 shorthand for '<name>:<name>'.
 
 Each pattern pair consists of the source side (before the colon)
@@ -86,4 +102,4 @@ Documentation by Nick Hengeveld
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
index eca9e9ccef..d016dafd49 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
@@ -3,47 +3,122 @@ git-imap-send(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-imap-send - Dump a mailbox from stdin into an imap folder
+git-imap-send - Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-imap-send'
+'git imap-send'
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This command uploads a mailbox generated with git-format-patch
-into an imap drafts folder.  This allows patches to be sent as
-other email is sent with mail clients that cannot read mailbox
+This command uploads a mailbox generated with 'git-format-patch'
+into an IMAP drafts folder.  This allows patches to be sent as
+other email is when using mail clients that cannot read mailbox
 files directly.
 
 Typical usage is something like:
 
-git-format-patch --signoff --stdout --attach origin | git-imap-send
+git format-patch --signoff --stdout --attach origin | git imap-send
 
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-git-imap-send requires the following values in the repository
-configuration file (shown with examples):
+To use the tool, imap.folder and either imap.tunnel or imap.host must be set
+to appropriate values.
+
+Variables
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+imap.folder::
+	The folder to drop the mails into, which is typically the Drafts
+	folder. For example: "INBOX.Drafts", "INBOX/Drafts" or
+	"[Gmail]/Drafts". Required to use imap-send.
+
+imap.tunnel::
+	Command used to setup a tunnel to the IMAP server through which
+	commands will be piped instead of using a direct network connection
+	to the server. Required when imap.host is not set to use imap-send.
+
+imap.host::
+	A URL identifying the server. Use a `imap://` prefix for non-secure
+	connections and a `imaps://` prefix for secure connections.
+	Ignored when imap.tunnel is set, but required to use imap-send
+	otherwise.
+
+imap.user::
+	The username to use when logging in to the server.
+
+imap.pass::
+	The password to use when logging in to the server.
+
+imap.port::
+	An integer port number to connect to on the server.
+	Defaults to 143 for imap:// hosts and 993 for imaps:// hosts.
+	Ignored when imap.tunnel is set.
+
+imap.sslverify::
+	A boolean to enable/disable verification of the server certificate
+	used by the SSL/TLS connection. Default is `true`. Ignored when
+	imap.tunnel is set.
+
+imap.preformattedHTML::
+	A boolean to enable/disable the use of html encoding when sending
+	a patch.  An html encoded patch will be bracketed with <pre>
+	and have a content type of text/html.  Ironically, enabling this
+	option causes Thunderbird to send the patch as a plain/text,
+	format=fixed email.  Default is `false`.
+
+Examples
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Using tunnel mode:
 
 ..........................
 [imap]
-    Folder = "INBOX.Drafts"
+    folder = "INBOX.Drafts"
+    tunnel = "ssh -q -C user@example.com /usr/bin/imapd ./Maildir 2> /dev/null"
+..........................
 
+Using direct mode:
+
+.........................
 [imap]
-    Tunnel = "ssh -q user@server.com /usr/bin/imapd ./Maildir 2> /dev/null"
+    folder = "INBOX.Drafts"
+    host = imap://imap.example.com
+    user = bob
+    pass = p4ssw0rd
+..........................
 
+Using direct mode with SSL:
+
+.........................
 [imap]
-    Host = imap.server.com
-    User = bob
-    Pass = pwd
-    Port = 143
+    folder = "INBOX.Drafts"
+    host = imaps://imap.example.com
+    user = bob
+    pass = p4ssw0rd
+    port = 123
+    sslverify = false
 ..........................
 
 
+CAUTION
+-------
+It is still your responsibility to make sure that the email message
+sent by your email program meets the standards of your project.
+Many projects do not like patches to be attached.  Some mail
+agents will transform patches (e.g. wrap lines, send them as
+format=flowed) in ways that make them fail.  You will get angry
+flames ridiculing you if you don't check this.
+
+Thunderbird in particular is known to be problematic.  Thunderbird
+users may wish to visit this web page for more information:
+  http://kb.mozillazine.org/Plain_text_e-mail_-_Thunderbird#Completely_plain_email
+
+
 BUGS
 ----
 Doesn't handle lines starting with "From " in the message body.
@@ -59,4 +134,4 @@ Documentation by Mike McCormack
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
index 2229ee86b7..4b5c743c1e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ git-index-pack - Build pack index file for an existing packed archive
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-index-pack' [-v] [-o <index-file>] <pack-file>
-'git-index-pack' --stdin [--fix-thin] [--keep] [-v] [-o <index-file>] [<pack-file>]
+[verse]
+'git index-pack' [-v] [-o <index-file>] <pack-file>
+'git index-pack' --stdin [--fix-thin] [--keep] [-v] [-o <index-file>]
+                 [<pack-file>]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -41,10 +43,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	a default name determined from the pack content.  If
 	<pack-file> is not specified consider using --keep to
 	prevent a race condition between this process and
-	gitlink::git-repack[1] .
+	'git-repack'.
 
 --fix-thin::
-	It is possible for gitlink:git-pack-objects[1] to build
+	It is possible for 'git-pack-objects' to build
 	"thin" pack, which records objects in deltified form based on
 	objects not included in the pack to reduce network traffic.
 	Those objects are expected to be present on the receiving end
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Before moving the index into its final destination
 	create an empty .keep file for the associated pack file.
 	This option is usually necessary with --stdin to prevent a
-	simultaneous gitlink:git-repack[1] process from deleting
+	simultaneous 'git-repack' process from deleting
 	the newly constructed pack and index before refs can be
 	updated to use objects contained in the pack.
 
@@ -68,6 +70,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	message can later be searched for within all .keep files to
 	locate any which have outlived their usefulness.
 
+--index-version=<version>[,<offset>]::
+	This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows
+	to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
+	64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.
+
+--strict::
+	Die, if the pack contains broken objects or links.
+
 
 Note
 ----
@@ -76,7 +86,7 @@ Once the index has been created, the list of object names is sorted
 and the SHA1 hash of that list is printed to stdout. If --stdin was
 also used then this is prefixed by either "pack\t", or "keep\t" if a
 new .keep file was successfully created. This is useful to remove a
-.keep file used as a lock to prevent the race with gitlink:git-repack[1]
+.keep file used as a lock to prevent the race with 'git-repack'
 mentioned above.
 
 
@@ -90,5 +100,4 @@ Documentation by Sergey Vlasov
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
index 5412135d76..1fd0ff2610 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,11 @@ git-init-db - Creates an empty git repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-init-db' [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
+'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This is a synonym for gitlink:git-init[1].  Please refer to the
+This is a synonym for linkgit:git-init[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 1b64d3ab03..7151d12f34 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-init - Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-init' [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
+'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -16,6 +16,16 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --
 
+-q::
+--quiet::
+
+Only print error and warning messages, all other output will be suppressed.
+
+--bare::
+
+Create a bare repository. If GIT_DIR environment is not set, it is set to the
+current working directory.
+
 --template=<template_directory>::
 
 Provide the directory from which templates will be used.  The default template
@@ -27,7 +37,7 @@ structure, some suggested "exclude patterns", and copies of non-executing
 "hook" files.  The suggested patterns and hook files are all modifiable and
 extensible.
 
---shared[={false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody}]::
+--shared[={false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody|0xxx}]::
 
 Specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
 allows users belonging to the same group to push into that
@@ -44,11 +54,23 @@ is given:
 
  - 'group' (or 'true'): Make the repository group-writable, (and g+sx, since
    the git group may be not the primary group of all users).
+   This is used to loosen the permissions of an otherwise safe umask(2) value.
+   Note that the umask still applies to the other permission bits (e.g. if
+   umask is '0022', using 'group' will not remove read privileges from other
+   (non-group) users). See '0xxx' for how to exactly specify the repository
+   permissions.
 
  - 'all' (or 'world' or 'everybody'): Same as 'group', but make the repository
    readable by all users.
 
-By default, the configuration flag receive.denyNonFastforward is enabled
+ - '0xxx': '0xxx' is an octal number and each file will have mode '0xxx'.
+   '0xxx' will override users' umask(2) value (and not only loosen permissions
+   as 'group' and 'all' does). '0640' will create a repository which is
+   group-readable, but not group-writable or accessible to others. '0660' will
+   create a repo that is readable and writable to the current user and group,
+   but inaccessible to others.
+
+By default, the configuration flag receive.denyNonFastForwards is enabled
 in shared repositories, so that you cannot force a non fast-forwarding push
 into it.
 
@@ -70,11 +92,11 @@ If the object storage directory is specified via the `$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY`
 environment variable then the sha1 directories are created underneath -
 otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects` directory is used.
 
-Running `git-init` in an existing repository is safe. It will not overwrite
-things that are already there. The primary reason for rerunning `git-init`
+Running 'git-init' in an existing repository is safe. It will not overwrite
+things that are already there. The primary reason for rerunning 'git-init'
 is to pick up newly added templates.
 
-Note that `git-init` is the same as `git-init-db`.  The command
+Note that 'git-init' is the same as 'git-init-db'.  The command
 was primarily meant to initialize the object database, but over
 time it has become responsible for setting up the other aspects
 of the repository, such as installing the default hooks and
@@ -89,8 +111,8 @@ Start a new git repository for an existing code base::
 +
 ----------------
 $ cd /path/to/my/codebase
-$ git-init      <1>
-$ git-add .     <2>
+$ git init      <1>
+$ git add .     <2>
 ----------------
 +
 <1> prepare /path/to/my/codebase/.git directory
@@ -107,5 +129,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
index 52a6aa6e82..22da21a54f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
@@ -7,40 +7,47 @@ git-instaweb - Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-instaweb' [--local] [--httpd=<httpd>] [--port=<port>] [--browser=<browser>]
-
-'git-instaweb' [--start] [--stop] [--restart]
+[verse]
+'git instaweb' [--local] [--httpd=<httpd>] [--port=<port>]
+               [--browser=<browser>]
+'git instaweb' [--start] [--stop] [--restart]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-A simple script to setup gitweb and a web server for browsing the local
+A simple script to set up `gitweb` and a web server for browsing the local
 repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--l|--local::
+-l::
+--local::
 	Only bind the web server to the local IP (127.0.0.1).
 
--d|--httpd::
+-d::
+--httpd::
 	The HTTP daemon command-line that will be executed.
 	Command-line options may be specified here, and the
 	configuration file will be added at the end of the command-line.
-	Currently, lighttpd and apache2 are the only supported servers.
+	Currently lighttpd, apache2 and webrick are supported.
 	(Default: lighttpd)
 
--m|--module-path::
+-m::
+--module-path::
 	The module path (only needed if httpd is Apache).
 	(Default: /usr/lib/apache2/modules)
 
--p|--port::
+-p::
+--port::
 	The port number to bind the httpd to.  (Default: 1234)
 
--b|--browser::
-
-	The web browser command-line to execute to view the gitweb page.
-	If blank, the URL of the gitweb instance will be printed to
-	stdout.  (Default: 'firefox')
+-b::
+--browser::
+	The web browser that should be used to view the gitweb
+	page. This will be passed to the 'git-web--browse' helper
+	script along with the URL of the gitweb instance. See
+	linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this. If
+	the script fails, the URL will be printed to stdout.
 
 --start::
 	Start the httpd instance and exit.  This does not generate
@@ -70,6 +77,10 @@ You may specify configuration in your .git/config
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+If the configuration variable 'instaweb.browser' is not set,
+'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. See
+linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this.
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
@@ -80,5 +91,4 @@ Documentation by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-local-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-local-fetch.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 22048d82bd..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-local-fetch.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-git-local-fetch(1)
-==================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-local-fetch - Duplicate another git repository on a local system
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-local-fetch' [-c] [-t] [-a] [-d] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] [-l] [-s] [-n] commit-id path
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Duplicates another git repository on a local system.
-
-OPTIONS
--------
--c::
-	Get the commit objects.
--t::
-	Get trees associated with the commit objects.
--a::
-	Get all the objects.
--v::
-	Report what is downloaded.
-
--w <filename>::
-        Writes the commit-id into the filename under $GIT_DIR/refs/<filename> on
-        the local end after the transfer is complete.
-
---stdin::
-	Instead of a commit id on the commandline (which is not expected in this
-	case), 'git-local-fetch' expects lines on stdin in the format
-
-		<commit-id>['\t'<filename-as-in--w>]
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 030edaf305..34cf4e5811 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -8,24 +8,23 @@ git-log - Show commit logs
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-log' <option>...
+'git log' [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[\--] <path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Shows the commit logs.
 
-The command takes options applicable to the gitlink:git-rev-list[1]
+The command takes options applicable to the 'git-rev-list'
 command to control what is shown and how, and options applicable to
-the gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] commands to control how the changes
+the 'git-diff-*' commands to control how the changes
 each commit introduces are shown.
 
-This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.
-
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-include::pretty-formats.txt[]
+:git-log: 1
+include::diff-options.txt[]
 
 -<n>::
 	Limits the number of commits to show.
@@ -36,19 +35,44 @@ include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 	`HEAD`, i.e. the tip of the current branch.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell <since>
 	and <until>, see "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in
-	gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
+
+--decorate::
+	Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown.
+
+--source::
+	Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
+	commit was reached.
+
+--full-diff::
+	Without this flag, "git log -p <path>..." shows commits that
+	touch the specified paths, and diffs about the same specified
+	paths.  With this, the full diff is shown for commits that touch
+	the specified paths; this means that "<path>..." limits only
+	commits, and doesn't limit diff for those commits.
+
+--follow::
+	Continue listing the history of a file beyond renames.
 
---first-parent::
-	Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge
-	commit.  This  option gives a better overview of the
-	evolution of a particular branch.
+--log-size::
+	Before the log message print out its size in bytes. Intended
+	mainly for porcelain tools consumption. If git is unable to
+	produce a valid value size is set to zero.
+	Note that only message is considered, if also a diff is shown
+	its size is not included.
 
--p::
-	Show the change the commit introduces in a patch form.
+[\--] <path>...::
+	Show only commits that affect any of the specified paths. To
+	prevent confusion with options and branch names, paths may need
+	to be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from options or
+	refnames.
 
-<paths>...::
-	Show only commits that affect the specified paths.
 
+include::rev-list-options.txt[]
+
+include::pretty-formats.txt[]
+
+include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
 
 Examples
 --------
@@ -67,12 +91,18 @@ git log --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
 	'gitk'
 
-git log -r --name-status release..test::
+git log --name-status release..test::
 
 	Show the commits that are in the "test" branch but not yet
 	in the "release" branch, along with the list of paths
 	each commit modifies.
 
+git log --follow builtin-rev-list.c::
+
+	Shows the commits that changed builtin-rev-list.c, including
+	those commits that occurred before the file was given its
+	present name.
+
 Discussion
 ----------
 
@@ -89,5 +119,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
index f52a9d7f68..602b8d5d4d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
@@ -7,28 +7,31 @@ git-lost-found - Recover lost refs that luckily have not yet been pruned
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-lost-found'
+'git lost-found'
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
+
+*NOTE*: this command is deprecated.  Use linkgit:git-fsck[1] with
+the option '--lost-found' instead.
+
 Finds dangling commits and tags from the object database, and
-creates refs to them in .git/lost-found/ directory.  Commits and
-tags that dereference to commits go to .git/lost-found/commit
-and others are stored in .git/lost-found/other directory.
+creates refs to them in the .git/lost-found/ directory.  Commits and
+tags that dereference to commits are stored in .git/lost-found/commit,
+and other objects are stored in .git/lost-found/other.
 
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
-One line description from the commit and tag found along with
-their object name are printed on the standard output.
-
+Prints to standard output the object names and one-line descriptions
+of any commits or tags found.
 
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 
-Suppose you run 'git tag -f' and mistyped the tag to overwrite.
+Suppose you run 'git tag -f' and mistype the tag to overwrite.
 The ref to your tag is overwritten, but until you run 'git
-prune', it is still there.
+prune', the tag itself is still there.
 
 ------------
 $ git lost-found
@@ -36,15 +39,15 @@ $ git lost-found
 ...
 ------------
 
-Also you can use gitk to browse how they relate to each other
-and existing (probably old) tags.
+Also you can use gitk to browse how any tags found relate to each
+other.
 
 ------------
 $ gitk $(cd .git/lost-found/commit && echo ??*)
 ------------
 
-After making sure that it is the object you are looking for, you
-can reconnect it to your regular .git/refs hierarchy.
+After making sure you know which the object is the tag you are looking
+for, you can reconnect it to your regular .git/refs hierarchy.
 
 ------------
 $ git cat-file -t 1ef2b196
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ $ git rev-parse not-lost-anymore
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano 濱野 純 <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -75,4 +78,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 79e0b7b71a..057a021eb5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@ git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
+'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
 		(--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
 		(-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
 		[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
 		[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
 		[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
-		[--error-unmatch]
+		[--exclude-standard]
+		[--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
 		[--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>]\*
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -29,24 +30,30 @@ shown:
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--c|--cached::
+-c::
+--cached::
 	Show cached files in the output (default)
 
--d|--deleted::
+-d::
+--deleted::
 	Show deleted files in the output
 
--m|--modified::
+-m::
+--modified::
 	Show modified files in the output
 
--o|--others::
+-o::
+--others::
 	Show other files in the output
 
--i|--ignored::
-	Show ignored files in the output
-	Note the this also reverses any exclude list present.
+-i::
+--ignored::
+	Show ignored files in the output.
+	Note that this also reverses any exclude list present.
 
--s|--stage::
-	Show stage files in the output
+-s::
+--stage::
+	Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
 
 --directory::
 	If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
@@ -55,10 +62,12 @@ OPTIONS
 --no-empty-directory::
 	Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
 
--u|--unmerged::
+-u::
+--unmerged::
 	Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
 
--k|--killed::
+-k::
+--killed::
 	Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
 	to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
 	succeed.
@@ -66,21 +75,34 @@ OPTIONS
 -z::
 	\0 line termination on output.
 
--x|--exclude=<pattern>::
+-x <pattern>::
+--exclude=<pattern>::
 	Skips files matching pattern.
 	Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
 
--X|--exclude-from=<file>::
+-X <file>::
+--exclude-from=<file>::
 	exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
 
 --exclude-per-directory=<file>::
 	read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
 	directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
 
+--exclude-standard::
+	Add the standard git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
+	in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
+
 --error-unmatch::
 	If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
 	error (return 1).
 
+--with-tree=<tree-ish>::
+	When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
+	<file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
+	that paths which were removed in the index since the
+	named <tree-ish> are still present.  Using this option
+	with `-s` or `-u` options does not make any sense.
+
 -t::
 	Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
 	a space) at the start of each line:
@@ -93,7 +115,8 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -v::
 	Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
-	that are marked as 'always matching index'.
+	that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
+	linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
 
 --full-name::
 	When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
@@ -103,7 +126,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.
 	Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 
 \--::
@@ -120,14 +143,14 @@ which case it outputs:
 
         [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
 
-"git-ls-files --unmerged" and "git-ls-files --stage" can be used to examine
+'git-ls-files --unmerged' and 'git-ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
 detailed information on unmerged paths.
 
 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
-the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
+the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3.  This information can be used by
 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
-path. (see git-read-tree for more information on state)
+path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
 
 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
@@ -139,46 +162,24 @@ Exclude Patterns
 
 'git-ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
-flags --others or --ignored are specified.
+flags --others or --ignored are specified.  linkgit:gitignore[5]
+specifies the format of exclude patterns.
 
-These exclude patterns come from these places:
+These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
 
-  1. command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
-     pattern.
+  1. The command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a
+     single pattern.  Patterns are ordered in the same order
+     they appear in the command line.
 
-  2. command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
-     patterns stored in a file.
+  2. The command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a
+     file containing a list of patterns.  Patterns are ordered
+     in the same order they appear in the file.
 
   3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
      a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
-     examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an
-     additional list of patterns.
-
-An exclude pattern file used by (2) and (3) contains one pattern
-per line.  A line that starts with a '#' can be used as comment
-for readability.
-
-There are three lists of patterns that are in effect at a given
-time.  They are built and ordered in the following way:
-
- * --exclude=<pattern> from the command line; patterns are
-   ordered in the same order as they appear on the command line.
-
- * lines read from --exclude-from=<file>; patterns are ordered
-   in the same order as they appear in the file.
-
- * When --exclude-per-directory=<name> is specified, upon
-   entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are
-   appended at the end of the current "list of patterns".  They
-   are popped off when leaving the directory.
-
-Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and
-optionally the fate; either a file that matches the pattern is
-considered excluded or included.  A filename is matched against
-the patterns in the three lists; the --exclude-from list is
-checked first, then the --exclude-per-directory list, and then
-finally the --exclude list. The last match determines its fate.
-If there is no match in the three lists, the fate is "included".
+     examines, normally `.gitignore`.  Files in deeper
+     directories take precedence.  Patterns are ordered in the
+     same order they appear in the files.
 
 A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
@@ -186,58 +187,9 @@ top of the directory tree.  A pattern read from a file specified
 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
 pattern file appears in.
 
-An exclude pattern is of the following format:
-
- - an optional prefix '!' which means that the fate this pattern
-   specifies is "include", not the usual "exclude"; the
-   remainder of the pattern string is interpreted according to
-   the following rules.
-
- - if it does not contain a slash '/', it is a shell glob
-   pattern and used to match against the filename without
-   leading directories.
-
- - otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for
-   consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag.  I.e. a
-   slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname.
-   "Documentation/\*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
-   not "ppc/ppc.html".  As a natural exception, "/*.c" matches
-   "cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
-
-An example:
-
---------------------------------------------------------------
-    $ cat .git/info/exclude
-    # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
-    *.[oa]
-    $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
-    # ignore generated html files,
-    *.html
-    # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
-    !foo.html
-    $ git-ls-files --ignored \
-        --exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]' \
-        --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude \
-        --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
---------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Another example:
-
---------------------------------------------------------------
-    $ cat .gitignore
-    vmlinux*
-    $ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
-    arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
-    $ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore
---------------------------------------------------------------
-
-The second .gitignore keeps `arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S` file
-from getting ignored.
-
-
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-read-tree[1]
+linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
 
 Author
@@ -246,9 +198,8 @@ Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
index c254005ca3..abe7bf9ff9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-ls-remote - List references in a remote repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]
+'git ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]
 	      <repository> <refs>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -20,17 +20,21 @@ commit IDs.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--h|--heads, -t|--tags::
+-h::
+--heads::
+-t::
+--tags::
 	Limit to only refs/heads and refs/tags, respectively.
 	These options are _not_ mutually exclusive; when given
 	both, references stored in refs/heads and refs/tags are
 	displayed.
 
--u <exec>, --upload-pack=<exec>::
-	Specify the full path of gitlink:git-upload-pack[1] on the remote
+-u <exec>::
+--upload-pack=<exec>::
+	Specify the full path of 'git-upload-pack' on the remote
 	host. This allows listing references from repositories accessed via
 	SSH and where the SSH daemon does not use the PATH configured by the
-	user. Also see the '--exec' option for gitlink:git-peek-remote[1].
+	user.
 
 <repository>::
 	Location of the repository.  The shorthand defined in
@@ -65,9 +69,8 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
index 7899394081..c3fdccb4c2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
@@ -9,17 +9,29 @@ git-ls-tree - List the contents of a tree object
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-ls-tree' [-d] [-r] [-t] [-z]
-	    [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--abbrev=[<n>]]
+'git ls-tree' [-d] [-r] [-t] [-l] [-z]
+	    [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--full-tree] [--abbrev=[<n>]]
 	    <tree-ish> [paths...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Lists the contents of a given tree object, like what "/bin/ls -a" does
-in the current working directory. Note that the usage is subtly different,
-though - 'paths' denote just a list of patterns to match, e.g. so specifying
-directory name (without '-r') will behave differently, and order of the
-arguments does not matter.
+in the current working directory.  Note that:
+
+ - the behaviour is slightly different from that of "/bin/ls" in that the
+   'paths' denote just a list of patterns to match, e.g. so specifying
+   directory name (without '-r') will behave differently, and order of the
+   arguments does not matter.
+
+ - the behaviour is similar to that of "/bin/ls" in that the 'paths' is
+   taken as relative to the current working directory.  E.g. when you are
+   in a directory 'sub' that has a directory 'dir', you can run 'git
+   ls-tree -r HEAD dir' to list the contents of the tree (that is
+   'sub/dir' in 'HEAD').  You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
+   root level (e.g. 'git ls-tree -r HEAD:sub dir') in this case, as that
+   would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the 'HEAD' commit.
+   However, the current working directory can be ignored by passing
+   --full-tree option.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -36,6 +48,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	Show tree entries even when going to recurse them. Has no effect
 	if '-r' was not passed. '-d' implies '-t'.
 
+-l::
+--long::
+	Show object size of blob (file) entries.
+
 -z::
 	\0 line termination on output.
 
@@ -45,13 +61,17 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.
 	Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 
 --full-name::
 	Instead of showing the path names relative to the current working
 	directory, show the full path names.
 
+--full-tree::
+	Do not limit the listing to the current working directory.
+	Implies --full-name.
+
 paths::
 	When paths are given, show them (note that this isn't really raw
 	pathnames, but rather a list of patterns to match).  Otherwise
@@ -62,14 +82,24 @@ Output Format
 -------------
         <mode> SP <type> SP <object> TAB <file>
 
-When the `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
+Unless the `-z` option is used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`, respectively.
+This output format is compatible with what '--index-info --stdin' of
+'git update-index' expects.
+
+When the `-l` option is used, format changes to
+
+        <mode> SP <type> SP <object> SP <object size> TAB <file>
+
+Object size identified by <object> is given in bytes, and right-justified
+with minimum width of 7 characters.  Object size is given only for blobs
+(file) entries; for other entries `-` character is used in place of size.
 
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
-Completely rewritten from scratch by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>,
+Completely rewritten from scratch by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>,
 another major rewrite by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 
 Documentation
@@ -79,5 +109,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index ba18133ead..8d95aaa304 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -8,17 +8,17 @@ git-mailinfo - Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mailinfo' [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding>] <msg> <patch>
+'git mailinfo' [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] <msg> <patch>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reading a single e-mail message from the standard input, and
+Reads a single e-mail message from the standard input, and
 writes the commit log message in <msg> file, and the patches in
 <patch> file.  The author name, e-mail and e-mail subject are
-written out to the standard output to be used by git-applypatch
+written out to the standard output to be used by 'git-am'
 to create a commit.  It is usually not necessary to use this
-command directly.  See gitlink:git-am[1] instead.
+command directly.  See linkgit:git-am[1] instead.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	among which (1) remove 'Re:' or 're:', (2) leading
 	whitespaces, (3) '[' up to ']', typically '[PATCH]', and
 	then prepends "[PATCH] ".  This flag forbids this
-	munging, and is most useful when used to read back 'git
-	format-patch --mbox' output.
+	munging, and is most useful when used to read back
+	'git-format-patch -k' output.
 
 -u::
 	The commit log message, author name and author email are
@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ conversion, even with this flag.
 	from what is specified by i18n.commitencoding, this flag
 	can be used to override it.
 
+-n::
+	Disable all charset re-coding of the metadata.
+
 <msg>::
 	The commit log message extracted from e-mail, usually
 	except the title line which comes from e-mail Subject.
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ conversion, even with this flag.
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 Documentation
@@ -66,5 +69,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
index c11d6a530f..5cc94ec53d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ git-mailsplit - Simple UNIX mbox splitter program
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mailsplit' [-b] [-f<nn>] [-d<prec>] -o<directory> [--] [<mbox>...]
+'git mailsplit' [-b] [-f<nn>] [-d<prec>] -o<directory> [--] [<mbox>|<Maildir>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Splits a mbox file into a list of files: "0001" "0002" ..  in the specified
-directory so you can process them further from there.
+Splits a mbox file or a Maildir into a list of files: "0001" "0002" ..  in the
+specified directory so you can process them further from there.
+
+IMPORTANT: Maildir splitting relies upon filenames being sorted to output
+patches in the correct order.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -20,7 +23,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Mbox file to split.  If not given, the mbox is read from
 	the standard input.
 
-<directory>::
+<Maildir>::
+	Root of the Maildir to split. This directory should contain the cur, tmp
+	and new subdirectories.
+
+-o<directory>::
 	Directory in which to place the individual messages.
 
 -b::
@@ -39,7 +46,7 @@ OPTIONS
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-and Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 Documentation
@@ -48,5 +55,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
index 3190aed108..767486c770 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
@@ -8,26 +8,80 @@ git-merge-base - Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-merge-base' [--all] <commit> <commit>
+'git merge-base' [--all] <commit> <commit>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-"git-merge-base" finds as good a common ancestor as possible between
-the two commits. That is, given two commits A and B 'git-merge-base A
-B' will output a commit which is reachable from both A and B through
-the parent relationship.
+'git-merge-base' finds best common ancestor(s) between two commits to use
+in a three-way merge.  One common ancestor is 'better' than another common
+ancestor if the latter is an ancestor of the former.  A common ancestor
+that does not have any better common ancestor is a 'best common
+ancestor', i.e. a 'merge base'.  Note that there can be more than one
+merge base for a pair of commits.
 
-Given a selection of equally good common ancestors it should not be
-relied on to decide in any particular way.
-
-The "git-merge-base" algorithm is still in flux - use the source...
+Among the two commits to compute the merge base from, one is specified by
+the first commit argument on the command line; the other commit is a
+(possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge across all the remaining
+commits on the command line.  As the most common special case, specifying only
+two commits on the command line means computing the merge base between
+the given two commits.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --all::
-	Output all common ancestors for the two commits instead of
-	just one.
+	Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one.
+
+DISCUSSION
+----------
+
+Given two commits 'A' and 'B', `git merge-base A B` will output a commit
+which is reachable from both 'A' and 'B' through the parent relationship.
+
+For example, with this topology:
+
+		 o---o---o---B
+		/
+	---o---1---o---o---o---A
+
+the merge base between 'A' and 'B' is '1'.
+
+Given three commits 'A', 'B' and 'C', `git merge-base A B C` will compute the
+merge base between 'A' and a hypothetical commit 'M', which is a merge
+between 'B' and 'C'.  For example, with this topology:
+
+	       o---o---o---o---C
+	      /
+	     /   o---o---o---B
+	    /   /
+	---2---1---o---o---o---A
+
+the result of `git merge-base A B C` is '1'.  This is because the
+equivalent topology with a merge commit 'M' between 'B' and 'C' is:
+
+
+	       o---o---o---o---o
+	      /                 \
+	     /   o---o---o---o---M
+	    /   /
+	---2---1---o---o---o---A
+
+and the result of `git merge-base A M` is '1'.  Commit '2' is also a
+common ancestor between 'A' and 'M', but '1' is a better common ancestor,
+because '2' is an ancestor of '1'.  Hence, '2' is not a merge base.
+
+When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one
+'best' common ancestor for two commits.  For example, with this topology:
+
+       ---1---o---A
+	   \ /
+	    X
+	   / \
+       ---2---o---o---B
+
+both '1' and '2' are merge-bases of A and B.  Neither one is better than
+the other (both are 'best' merge bases).  When the `--all` option is not given,
+it is unspecified which best one is output.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -39,5 +93,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
index 31882abb87..303537357b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
@@ -9,23 +9,23 @@ git-merge-file - Run a three-way file merge
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-merge-file' [-L <current-name> [-L <base-name> [-L <other-name>]]]
+'git merge-file' [-L <current-name> [-L <base-name> [-L <other-name>]]]
 	[-p|--stdout] [-q|--quiet] <current-file> <base-file> <other-file>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-git-file-merge incorporates all changes that lead from the `<base-file>`
+'git-merge-file' incorporates all changes that lead from the `<base-file>`
 to `<other-file>` into `<current-file>`. The result ordinarily goes into
-`<current-file>`. git-merge-file is useful for combining separate changes
+`<current-file>`. 'git-merge-file' is useful for combining separate changes
 to an original. Suppose `<base-file>` is the original, and both
-`<current-file>` and `<other-file>` are modifications of `<base-file>`.
-Then git-merge-file combines both changes.
+`<current-file>` and `<other-file>` are modifications of `<base-file>`,
+then 'git-merge-file' combines both changes.
 
 A conflict occurs if both `<current-file>` and `<other-file>` have changes
-in a common segment of lines. If a conflict is found, git-merge-file
-normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with <<<<<<< and
->>>>>>> lines. A typical conflict will look like this:
+in a common segment of lines. If a conflict is found, 'git-merge-file'
+normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with lines containing
+<<<<<<< and >>>>>>> markers. A typical conflict will look like this:
 
 	<<<<<<< A
 	lines in file A
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ the alternatives.
 The exit value of this program is negative on error, and the number of
 conflicts otherwise. If the merge was clean, the exit value is 0.
 
-git-merge-file is designed to be a minimal clone of RCS merge, that is, it
-implements all of RCS merge's functionality which is needed by
-gitlink:git[1].
+'git-merge-file' is designed to be a minimal clone of RCS 'merge'; that is, it
+implements all of RCS 'merge''s functionality which is needed by
+linkgit:git[1].
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	This option may be given up to three times, and
 	specifies labels to be used in place of the
 	corresponding file names in conflict reports. That is,
-	`git-merge-file -L x -L y -L z a b c` generates output that
+	`git merge-file -L x -L y -L z a b c` generates output that
 	looks like it came from files x, y and z instead of
 	from files a, b and c.
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	`<current-file>`.
 
 -q::
-	Quiet;  do  not  warn about conflicts.
+	Quiet; do not warn about conflicts.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ Written by Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
 Documentation
 --------------
 Documentation by Johannes Schindelin and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>,
-with parts copied from the original documentation of RCS merge.
+with parts copied from the original documentation of RCS 'merge'.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
index b8ee1ff2b0..123e6d024a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-merge-index - Run a merge for files needing merging
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-merge-index' [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | \-- | <file>\*)
+'git merge-index' [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <file>\*)
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,49 +29,49 @@ OPTIONS
 	Instead of stopping at the first failed merge, do all of them
 	in one shot - continue with merging even when previous merges
 	returned errors, and only return the error code after all the
-	merges are over.
+	merges.
 
 -q::
-	Do not complain about failed merge program (the merge program
-	failure usually indicates conflicts during merge). This is for
+	Do not complain about a failed merge program (a merge program
+	failure usually indicates conflicts during the merge). This is for
 	porcelains which might want to emit custom messages.
 
-If "git-merge-index" is called with multiple <file>s (or -a) then it
+If 'git-merge-index' is called with multiple <file>s (or -a) then it
 processes them in turn only stopping if merge returns a non-zero exit
 code.
 
-Typically this is run with the a script calling git's imitation of
-the merge command from the RCS package.
+Typically this is run with a script calling git's imitation of
+the 'merge' command from the RCS package.
 
-A sample script called "git-merge-one-file" is included in the
+A sample script called 'git-merge-one-file' is included in the
 distribution.
 
 ALERT ALERT ALERT! The git "merge object order" is different from the
-RCS "merge" program merge object order. In the above ordering, the
+RCS 'merge' program merge object order. In the above ordering, the
 original is first. But the argument order to the 3-way merge program
-"merge" is to have the original in the middle. Don't ask me why.
+'merge' is to have the original in the middle. Don't ask me why.
 
 Examples:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/merge-test> git-merge-index cat MM
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/merge-test> git merge-index cat MM
   This is MM from the original tree.			# original
   This is modified MM in the branch A.			# merge1
   This is modified MM in the branch B.			# merge2
   This is modified MM in the branch B.			# current contents
 
-or 
+or
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/merge-test> git-merge-index cat AA MM
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/merge-test> git merge-index cat AA MM
   cat: : No such file or directory
   This is added AA in the branch A.
   This is added AA in the branch B.
   This is added AA in the branch B.
   fatal: merge program failed
 
-where the latter example shows how "git-merge-index" will stop trying to
-merge once anything has returned an error (i.e., "cat" returned an error
+where the latter example shows how 'git-merge-index' will stop trying to
+merge once anything has returned an error (i.e., `cat` returned an error
 for the AA file, because it didn't exist in the original, and thus
-"git-merge-index" didn't even try to merge the MM thing).
+'git-merge-index' didn't even try to merge the MM thing).
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -84,5 +84,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
index f80ab3b8c4..dc8a96adb0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This is the standard helper program to use with "git-merge-index"
-to resolve a merge after the trivial merge done with "git-read-tree -m".
+This is the standard helper program to use with 'git-merge-index'
+to resolve a merge after the trivial merge done with 'git-read-tree -m'.
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>.
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>.
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -26,5 +26,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
index 35fb4fb713..f869a7f00f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ git-merge-tree - Show three-way merge without touching index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-merge-tree' <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>
+'git merge-tree' <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads three treeish, and output trivial merge results and
 conflicting stages to the standard output.  This is similar to
-what three-way read-tree -m does, but instead of storing the
+what three-way 'git read-tree -m' does, but instead of storing the
 results in the index, the command outputs the entries to the
 standard output.
 
 This is meant to be used by higher level scripts to compute
-merge results outside index, and stuff the results back into the
+merge results outside of the index, and stuff the results back into the
 index.  For this reason, the output from the command omits
-entries that match <branch1> tree.
+entries that match the <branch1> tree.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -33,5 +33,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 9c08efa53a..c04ae739ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -9,106 +9,98 @@ git-merge - Join two or more development histories together
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-merge' [-n] [--no-commit] [--squash] [-s <strategy>]...
+'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [-s <strategy>]...
 	[-m <msg>] <remote> <remote>...
+'git merge' <msg> HEAD <remote>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This is the top-level interface to the merge machinery
 which drives multiple merge strategy scripts.
 
+The second syntax (<msg> `HEAD` <remote>) is supported for
+historical reasons.  Do not use it from the command line or in
+new scripts.  It is the same as `git merge -m <msg> <remote>`.
+
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
-<msg>::
+-m <msg>::
 	The commit message to be used for the merge commit (in case
-	it is created). The `git-fmt-merge-msg` script can be used
-	to give a good default for automated `git-merge` invocations.
-
-<head>::
-	Our branch head commit.  This has to be `HEAD`, so new
-	syntax does not require it
+	it is created). The 'git-fmt-merge-msg' script can be used
+	to give a good default for automated 'git-merge' invocations.
 
-<remote>::
-	Other branch head merged into our branch.  You need at
+<remote>...::
+	Other branch heads to merge into our branch.  You need at
 	least one <remote>.  Specifying more than one <remote>
 	obviously means you are trying an Octopus.
 
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
 
-If you tried a merge which resulted in a complex conflicts and
-would want to start over, you can recover with
-gitlink:git-reset[1].
+If you tried a merge which resulted in complex conflicts and
+want to start over, you can recover with 'git-reset'.
+
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+include::merge-config.txt[]
 
+branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
+	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
+	supported options are equal to that of 'git-merge', but option values
+	containing whitespace characters are currently not supported.
 
 HOW MERGE WORKS
 ---------------
 
 A merge is always between the current `HEAD` and one or more
-remote branch heads, and the index file must exactly match the
-tree of `HEAD` commit (i.e. the contents of the last commit) when
-it happens.  In other words, `git-diff --cached HEAD` must
-report no changes.
-
-[NOTE]
-This is a bit of lie.  In certain special cases, your index are
-allowed to be different from the tree of `HEAD` commit.  The most
-notable case is when your `HEAD` commit is already ahead of what
-is being merged, in which case your index can have arbitrary
-difference from your `HEAD` commit.  Otherwise, your index entries
-are allowed have differences from your `HEAD` commit that match
-the result of trivial merge (e.g. you received the same patch
-from external source to produce the same result as what you are
-merging).  For example, if a path did not exist in the common
-ancestor and your head commit but exists in the tree you are
-merging into your repository, and if you already happen to have
-that path exactly in your index, the merge does not have to
-fail.
-
-Otherwise, merge will refuse to do any harm to your repository
-(that is, it may fetch the objects from remote, and it may even
-update the local branch used to keep track of the remote branch
-with `git pull remote rbranch:lbranch`, but your working tree,
-`.git/HEAD` pointer and index file are left intact).
-
-You may have local modifications in the working tree files.  In
-other words, `git-diff` is allowed to report changes.
-However, the merge uses your working tree as the working area,
-and in order to prevent the merge operation from losing such
-changes, it makes sure that they do not interfere with the
-merge. Those complex tables in read-tree documentation define
-what it means for a path to "interfere with the merge".  And if
-your local modifications interfere with the merge, again, it
-stops before touching anything.
-
-So in the above two "failed merge" case, you do not have to
-worry about loss of data --- you simply were not ready to do
-a merge, so no merge happened at all.  You may want to finish
-whatever you were in the middle of doing, and retry the same
-pull after you are done and ready.
-
-When things cleanly merge, these things happen:
-
-1. the results are updated both in the index file and in your
-   working tree,
-2. index file is written out as a tree,
-3. the tree gets committed, and 
-4. the `HEAD` pointer gets advanced.
+commits (usually, branch head or tag), and the index file must
+match the tree of `HEAD` commit (i.e. the contents of the last commit)
+when it starts out.  In other words, `git diff --cached HEAD` must
+report no changes.  (One exception is when the changed index
+entries are already in the same state that would result from
+the merge anyway.)
+
+Three kinds of merge can happen:
+
+* The merged commit is already contained in `HEAD`. This is the
+  simplest case, called "Already up-to-date."
+
+* `HEAD` is already contained in the merged commit. This is the
+  most common case especially when invoked from 'git pull':
+  you are tracking an upstream repository, have committed no local
+  changes and now you want to update to a newer upstream revision.
+  Your `HEAD` (and the index) is updated to point at the merged
+  commit, without creating an extra merge commit.  This is
+  called "Fast-forward".
+
+* Both the merged commit and `HEAD` are independent and must be
+  tied together by a merge commit that has both of them as its parents.
+  The rest of this section describes this "True merge" case.
+
+The chosen merge strategy merges the two commits into a single
+new source tree.
+When things merge cleanly, this is what happens:
+
+1. The results are updated both in the index file and in your
+   working tree;
+2. Index file is written out as a tree;
+3. The tree gets committed; and
+4. The `HEAD` pointer gets advanced.
 
 Because of 2., we require that the original state of the index
-file to match exactly the current `HEAD` commit; otherwise we
+file matches exactly the current `HEAD` commit; otherwise we
 will write out your local changes already registered in your
 index file along with the merge result, which is not good.
-Because 1. involves only the paths different between your
+Because 1. involves only those paths differing between your
 branch and the remote branch you are pulling from during the
 merge (which is typically a fraction of the whole tree), you can
 have local modifications in your working tree as long as they do
 not overlap with what the merge updates.
 
-When there are conflicts, these things happen:
+When there are conflicts, the following happens:
 
 1. `HEAD` stays the same.
 
@@ -118,37 +110,119 @@ When there are conflicts, these things happen:
 3. For conflicting paths, the index file records up to three
    versions; stage1 stores the version from the common ancestor,
    stage2 from `HEAD`, and stage3 from the remote branch (you
-   can inspect the stages with `git-ls-files -u`).  The working
-   tree files have the result of "merge" program; i.e. 3-way
-   merge result with familiar conflict markers `<<< === >>>`.
+   can inspect the stages with `git ls-files -u`).  The working
+   tree files contain the result of the "merge" program; i.e. 3-way
+   merge results with familiar conflict markers `<<< === >>>`.
 
 4. No other changes are done.  In particular, the local
    modifications you had before you started merge will stay the
    same and the index entries for them stay as they were,
    i.e. matching `HEAD`.
 
+HOW CONFLICTS ARE PRESENTED
+---------------------------
+
+During a merge, the working tree files are updated to reflect the result
+of the merge.  Among the changes made to the common ancestor's version,
+non-overlapping ones (that is, you changed an area of the file while the
+other side left that area intact, or vice versa) are incorporated in the
+final result verbatim.  When both sides made changes to the same area,
+however, git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
+resolve it by leaving what both sides did to that area.
+
+By default, git uses the same style as that is used by "merge" program
+from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
+
+------------
+Here are lines that are either unchanged from the common
+ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
+<<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
+Conflict resolution is hard;
+let's go shopping.
+=======
+Git makes conflict resolution easy.
+>>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
+And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
+------------
+
+The area where a pair of conflicting changes happened is marked with markers
+`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `=======`
+is typically your side, and the part afterwards is typically their side.
+
+The default format does not show what the original said in the conflicting
+area.  You cannot tell how many lines are deleted and replaced with
+Barbie's remark on your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
+side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
+other side wants to claim it is easy.
+
+An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictstyle"
+configuration variable to "diff3".  In "diff3" style, the above conflict
+may look like this:
+
+------------
+Here are lines that are either unchanged from the common
+ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
+<<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
+Conflict resolution is hard;
+let's go shopping.
+|||||||
+Conflict resolution is hard.
+=======
+Git makes conflict resolution easy.
+>>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
+And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
+------------
+
+In addition to the `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` markers, it uses
+another `|||||||` marker that is followed by the original text.  You can
+tell that the original just stated a fact, and your side simply gave in to
+that statement and gave up, while the other side tried to have a more
+positive attitude.  You can sometimes come up with a better resolution by
+viewing the original.
+
+
+HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS
+------------------------
+
 After seeing a conflict, you can do two things:
 
- * Decide not to merge.  The only clean-up you need are to reset
+ * Decide not to merge.  The only clean-ups you need are to reset
    the index file to the `HEAD` commit to reverse 2. and to clean
-   up working tree changes made by 2. and 3.; `git-reset` can
+   up working tree changes made by 2. and 3.; 'git-reset --hard' can
    be used for this.
 
- * Resolve the conflicts.  `git-diff` would report only the
-   conflicting paths because of the above 2. and 3..  Edit the
-   working tree files into a desirable shape, `git-add` or `git-rm`
-   them, to make the index file contain what the merge result
-   should be, and run `git-commit` to commit the result.
+ * Resolve the conflicts.  Git will mark the conflicts in
+   the working tree.  Edit the files into shape and
+   'git-add' them to the index.  Use 'git-commit' to seal the deal.
+
+You can work through the conflict with a number of tools:
 
+ * Use a mergetool.  'git mergetool' to launch a graphical
+   mergetool which will work you through the merge.
+
+ * Look at the diffs.  'git diff' will show a three-way diff,
+   highlighting changes from both the HEAD and remote versions.
+
+ * Look at the diffs on their own. 'git log --merge -p <path>'
+   will show diffs first for the HEAD version and then the
+   remote version.
+
+ * Look at the originals.  'git show :1:filename' shows the
+   common ancestor, 'git show :2:filename' shows the HEAD
+   version and 'git show :3:filename' shows the remote version.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-fmt-merge-msg[1], gitlink:git-pull[1]
-
+linkgit:git-fmt-merge-msg[1], linkgit:git-pull[1],
+linkgit:gitattributes[5],
+linkgit:git-reset[1],
+linkgit:git-diff[1], linkgit:git-ls-files[1],
+linkgit:git-add[1], linkgit:git-rm[1],
+linkgit:git-mergetool[1]
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 Documentation
@@ -157,4 +231,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78eb03f0ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+git-mergetool--lib(1)
+=====================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-mergetool--lib - Common git merge tool shell scriptlets
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'TOOL_MODE=(diff|merge) . "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"'
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This is not a command the end user would want to run.  Ever.
+This documentation is meant for people who are studying the
+Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones.
+
+The 'git-mergetool--lib' scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
+`.`) by other shell scripts to set up functions for working
+with git merge tools.
+
+Before sourcing 'git-mergetool--lib', your script must set `TOOL_MODE`
+to define the operation mode for the functions listed below.
+'diff' and 'merge' are valid values.
+
+FUNCTIONS
+---------
+get_merge_tool::
+	returns a merge tool.
+
+get_merge_tool_cmd::
+	returns the custom command for a merge tool.
+
+get_merge_tool_path::
+	returns the custom path for a merge tool.
+
+run_merge_tool::
+	launches a merge tool given the tool name and a true/false
+	flag to indicate whether a merge base is present.
+	'$MERGED', '$LOCAL', '$REMOTE', and '$BASE' must be defined
+	for use by the merge tool.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index 34288fe08b..68ed6c0956 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -7,30 +7,70 @@ git-mergetool - Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [<file>]...
+'git mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [<file>]...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Use 'git mergetool' to run one of several merge utilities to resolve
-merge conflicts.  It is typically run after gitlink:git-merge[1].
+Use `git mergetool` to run one of several merge utilities to resolve
+merge conflicts.  It is typically run after 'git-merge'.
 
 If one or more <file> parameters are given, the merge tool program will
 be run to resolve differences on each file.  If no <file> names are
-specified, 'git mergetool' will run the merge tool program on every file
+specified, 'git-mergetool' will run the merge tool program on every file
 with merge conflicts.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--t or --tool=<tool>::
+-t <tool>::
+--tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, and vimdiff.
+	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge,
+	diffuse, tortoisemerge, opendiff and araxis.
 +
-If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git mergetool'
-will use the configuration variable merge.tool.  If the
-configuration variable merge.tool is not set, 'git mergetool'
+If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git-mergetool'
+will use the configuration variable `merge.tool`.  If the
+configuration variable `merge.tool` is not set, 'git-mergetool'
 will pick a suitable default.
++
+You can explicitly provide a full path to the tool by setting the
+configuration variable `mergetool.<tool>.path`. For example, you
+can configure the absolute path to kdiff3 by setting
+`mergetool.kdiff3.path`. Otherwise, 'git-mergetool' assumes the
+tool is available in PATH.
++
+Instead of running one of the known merge tool programs,
+'git-mergetool' can be customized to run an alternative program
+by specifying the command line to invoke in a configuration
+variable `mergetool.<tool>.cmd`.
++
+When 'git-mergetool' is invoked with this tool (either through the
+`-t` or `--tool` option or the `merge.tool` configuration
+variable) the configured command line will be invoked with `$BASE`
+set to the name of a temporary file containing the common base for
+the merge, if available; `$LOCAL` set to the name of a temporary
+file containing the contents of the file on the current branch;
+`$REMOTE` set to the name of a temporary file containing the
+contents of the file to be merged, and `$MERGED` set to the name
+of the file to which the merge tool should write the result of the
+merge resolution.
++
+If the custom merge tool correctly indicates the success of a
+merge resolution with its exit code, then the configuration
+variable `mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode` can be set to `true`.
+Otherwise, 'git-mergetool' will prompt the user to indicate the
+success of the resolution after the custom tool has exited.
+
+-y::
+--no-prompt::
+	Don't prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution
+	program.
+
+--prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
+	This is the default behaviour; the option is provided to
+	override any configuration settings.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -42,5 +82,4 @@ Documentation by Theodore Y Ts'o.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
index 2860a3d1ba..8bcc11443d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-mktag - Creates a tag object
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mktag' < signature_file
+'git mktag' < signature_file
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@ The output is the new tag's <object> identifier.
 
 Tag Format
 ----------
-A tag signature file has a very simple fixed format: three lines of
+A tag signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines of
 
   object <sha1>
   type <typename>
   tag <tagname>
+  tagger <tagger>
 
-followed by some 'optional' free-form signature that git itself
-doesn't care about, but that can be verified with gpg or similar.
-
-The size of the full object is artificially limited to 8kB.  (Just
-because I'm a lazy bastard, and if you can't fit a signature in that
-size, you're doing something wrong)
+followed by some 'optional' free-form message (some tags created
+by older git may not have `tagger` line).  The message, when
+exists, is separated by a blank line from the header.  The
+message part may contain a signature that git itself doesn't
+care about, but that can be verified with gpg.
 
 
 Author
@@ -43,5 +43,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index 5f9ee603b7..81e3326772 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ git-mktree - Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mktree' [-z]
+'git mktree' [-z] [--missing] [--batch]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads standard input in non-recursive `ls-tree` output format,
-and creates a tree object.  The object name of the tree object
+Reads standard input in non-recursive `ls-tree` output format, and creates
+a tree object.  The order of the tree entries is normalised by mktree so
+pre-sorting the input is not required.  The object name of the tree object
 built is written to the standard output.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -21,9 +22,21 @@ OPTIONS
 -z::
 	Read the NUL-terminated `ls-tree -z` output instead.
 
+--missing::
+	Allow missing objects.  The default behaviour (without this option)
+	is to verify that each tree entry's sha1 identifies an existing
+	object.  This option has no effect on the treatment of gitlink entries
+	(aka "submodules") which are always allowed to be missing.
+
+--batch::
+	Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting.  Each
+	tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is
+	optional.  Note - if the '-z' option is used, lines are terminated
+	with NUL.
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -31,5 +44,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index 6756b76bb1..9c5660275b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ git-mv - Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-mv' <options>... <args>...
+'git mv' <options>... <args>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This script is used to move or rename a file, directory or symlink.
 
- git-mv [-f] [-n] <source> <destination>
- git-mv [-f] [-n] [-k] <source> ... <destination directory>
+ git mv [-f] [-n] <source> <destination>
+ git mv [-f] [-n] [-k] <source> ... <destination directory>
 
 In the first form, it renames <source>, which must exist and be either
 a file, symlink or directory, to <destination>.
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ OPTIONS
         controlled by GIT, or when it would overwrite an existing
         file unless '-f' is given.
 -n::
+--dry-run::
 	Do nothing; only show what would happen
 
 
@@ -50,5 +51,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
index 5b5c4c865f..7ca8a7b48c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ git-name-rev - Find symbolic names for given revs
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-name-rev' [--tags] [--refs=<pattern>]
+[verse]
+'git name-rev' [--tags] [--refs=<pattern>]
 	       ( --all | --stdin | <committish>... )
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Finds symbolic names suitable for human digestion for revisions given in any
-format parsable by git-rev-parse.
+format parsable by 'git-rev-parse'.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -33,6 +34,19 @@ OPTIONS
 	Read from stdin, append "(<rev_name>)" to all sha1's of nameable
 	commits, and pass to stdout
 
+--name-only::
+	Instead of printing both the SHA-1 and the name, print only
+	the name.  If given with --tags the usual tag prefix of
+	"tags/" is also omitted from the name, matching the output
+	of `git-describe` more closely.
+
+--no-undefined::
+	Die with error code != 0 when a reference is undefined,
+	instead of printing `undefined`.
+
+--always::
+	Show uniquely abbreviated commit object as fallback.
+
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 
@@ -41,11 +55,11 @@ wrote you about that fantastic commit 33db5f4d9027a10e477ccf054b2c1ab94f74c85a.
 Of course, you look into the commit, but that only tells you what happened, but
 not the context.
 
-Enter git-name-rev:
+Enter 'git-name-rev':
 
 ------------
 % git name-rev 33db5f4d9027a10e477ccf054b2c1ab94f74c85a
-33db5f4d9027a10e477ccf054b2c1ab94f74c85a tags/v0.99^0~940
+33db5f4d9027a10e477ccf054b2c1ab94f74c85a tags/v0.99~940
 ------------
 
 Now you are wiser, because you know that it happened 940 revisions before v0.99.
@@ -67,5 +81,4 @@ Documentation by Johannes Schindelin.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index fdc6f97289..2e4992970e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
+'git pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
 	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] [--all-progress]
-	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] < object-list
+	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name]
+	[--keep-true-parents] < object-list
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -22,19 +23,20 @@ archive with specified base-name, or to the standard output.
 A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer set of objects
 between two repositories, and also is an archival format which
 is efficient to access.  The packed archive format (.pack) is
-designed to be unpackable without having anything else, but for
-random access, accompanied with the pack index file (.idx).
+designed to be self contained so that it can be unpacked without
+any further information, but for fast, random access to the objects
+in the pack, a pack index file (.idx) will be generated.
 
-'git-unpack-objects' command can read the packed archive and
+Placing both in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
+any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
+enables git to read from such an archive.
+
+The 'git-unpack-objects' command can read the packed archive and
 expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file
 one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull
 commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient network
 transport by their peers.
 
-Placing both in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
-any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
-enables git to read from such an archive.
-
 In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a compressed
 whole, or as a difference from some other object.  The latter is
 often called a delta.
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ base-name::
 --revs::
 	Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of
 	individual object names.  The revision arguments are processed
-	the same way as gitlink:git-rev-list[1] with `--objects` flag
+	the same way as 'git-rev-list' with the `--objects` flag
 	uses its `commit` arguments to build the list of objects it
 	outputs.  The objects on the resulting list are packed.
 
@@ -73,7 +75,13 @@ base-name::
 	as if all refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs` are specified to be
 	included.
 
---window=[N], --depth=[N]::
+--include-tag::
+	Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they
+	reference was included in the resulting packfile.  This
+	can be useful to send new tags to native git clients.
+
+--window=[N]::
+--depth=[N]::
 	These two options affect how the objects contained in
 	the pack are stored using delta compression.  The
 	objects are first internally sorted by type, size and
@@ -83,7 +91,29 @@ base-name::
 	it too deep affects the performance on the unpacker
 	side, because delta data needs to be applied that many
 	times to get to the necessary object.
-	The default value for both --window and --depth is 10.
+	The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.
+
+--window-memory=[N]::
+	This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
+	the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
+	up more than N bytes in memory.  This is useful in
+	repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
+	out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
+	advantage of the large window for the smaller objects.  The
+	size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
+	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited, which is the
+	default.
+
+--max-pack-size=<n>::
+	Maximum size of each output packfile, expressed in MiB.
+	If specified,  multiple packfiles may be created.
+	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
+	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
+
+--honor-pack-keep::
+	This flag causes an object already in a local pack that
+	has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it appears in the
+	standard input.
 
 --incremental::
 	This flag causes an object already in a pack ignored
@@ -92,7 +122,7 @@ base-name::
 --local::
 	This flag is similar to `--incremental`; instead of
 	ignoring all packed objects, it only ignores objects
-	that are packed and not in the local object store
+	that are packed and/or not in the local object store
 	(i.e. borrowed from an alternate).
 
 --non-empty::
@@ -127,17 +157,51 @@ base-name::
 	This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas
 	but compute them from scratch.
 
+--no-reuse-object::
+	This flag tells the command not to reuse existing object data at all,
+	including non deltified object, forcing recompression of everything.
+	This implies --no-reuse-delta. Useful only in the obscure case where
+	wholesale enforcement of a different compression level on the
+	packed data is desired.
+
+--compression=[N]::
+	Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the
+	generated pack.  If not specified,  pack compression level is
+	determined first by pack.compression,  then by core.compression,
+	and defaults to -1,  the zlib default,  if neither is set.
+	Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression
+	level on all data no matter the source.
+
 --delta-base-offset::
 	A packed archive can express base object of a delta as
 	either 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
 	stream, but older version of git does not understand the
-	latter.  By default, git-pack-objects only uses the
+	latter.  By default, 'git-pack-objects' only uses the
 	former format for better compatibility.  This option
 	allows the command to use the latter format for
 	compactness.  Depending on the average delta chain
 	length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
 	packfile by 3-5 per-cent.
 
+--threads=<n>::
+	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
+	delta matches.  This requires that pack-objects be compiled with
+	pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning.
+	This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines.
+	The required amount of memory for the delta search window is
+	however multiplied by the number of threads.
+	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	and set the number of threads accordingly.
+
+--index-version=<version>[,<offset>]::
+	This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows
+	to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
+	64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.
+
+--keep-true-parents::
+	With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
+	nevertheless.
+
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -147,13 +211,12 @@ Documentation
 -------------
 Documentation by Junio C Hamano
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-rev-list[1]
-gitlink:git-repack[1]
-gitlink:git-prune-packed[1]
+linkgit:git-rev-list[1]
+linkgit:git-repack[1]
+linkgit:git-prune-packed[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
index 94bbea0db2..5f9435e59b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ git-pack-redundant - Find redundant pack files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-pack-redundant' [ --verbose ] [ --alt-odb ] < --all | .pack filename ... >
+'git pack-redundant' [ --verbose ] [ --alt-odb ] < --all | .pack filename ... >
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This program computes which packs in your repository
 are redundant. The output is suitable for piping to
-'xargs rm' if you are in the root of the repository.
+`xargs rm` if you are in the root of the repository.
 
-git-pack-redundant accepts a list of objects on standard input. Any objects
-given will be ignored when checking which packs are required. This makes the 
+'git-pack-redundant' accepts a list of objects on standard input. Any objects
+given will be ignored when checking which packs are required. This makes the
 following command useful when wanting to remove packs which contain unreachable
 objects.
 
-git-fsck --full --unreachable | cut -d ' ' -f3 | \
-git-pack-redundant --all | xargs rm
+git fsck --full --unreachable | cut -d ' ' -f3 | \
+git pack-redundant --all | xargs rm
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -46,13 +46,12 @@ Documentation
 --------------
 Documentation by Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-pack-objects[1]
-gitlink:git-repack[1]
-gitlink:git-prune-packed[1]
+linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
+linkgit:git-repack[1]
+linkgit:git-prune-packed[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
index a20fc7de40..1ee99c208c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-pack-refs - Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-pack-refs' [--all] [--no-prune]
+'git pack-refs' [--all] [--no-prune]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -26,23 +26,23 @@ problem by stashing the refs in a single file,
 traditional `$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy, it is looked up in this
 file and used if found.
 
-Subsequent updates to branches always creates new file under
+Subsequent updates to branches always create new files under
 `$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy.
 
 A recommended practice to deal with a repository with too many
 refs is to pack its refs with `--all --prune` once, and
-occasionally run `git-pack-refs \--prune`.  Tags are by
+occasionally run `git pack-refs \--prune`.  Tags are by
 definition stationary and are not expected to change.  Branch
 heads will be packed with the initial `pack-refs --all`, but
 only the currently active branch heads will become unpacked,
-and next `pack-refs` (without `--all`) will leave them
+and the next `pack-refs` (without `--all`) will leave them
 unpacked.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-\--all::
+--all::
 
 The command by default packs all tags and refs that are already
 packed, and leaves other refs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ developed and packing their tips does not help performance.
 This option causes branch tips to be packed as well.  Useful for
 a repository with many branches of historical interests.
 
-\--no-prune::
+--no-prune::
 
 The command usually removes loose refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs`
 hierarchy after packing them.  This option tells it not to.
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
index 11b1f4d2e2..39d9daa7e0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-parse-remote - Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'. git-parse-remote'
+'. "$(git --exec-path)/git-parse-remote"'
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -17,26 +17,6 @@ routines to parse files under $GIT_DIR/remotes/ and
 $GIT_DIR/branches/ and configuration variables that are related
 to fetching, pulling and pushing.
 
-The primary entry points are:
-
-get_remote_refs_for_fetch::
-	Given the list of user-supplied `<repo> <refspec>...`,
-	return the list of refs to fetch after canonicalizing
-	them into `$GIT_DIR` relative paths
-	(e.g. `refs/heads/foo`).  When `<refspec>...` is empty
-	the returned list of refs consists of the defaults
-	for the given `<repo>`, if specified in
-	`$GIT_DIR/remotes/`, `$GIT_DIR/branches/`, or `remote.*.fetch`
-	configuration.
-
-get_remote_refs_for_push::
-	Given the list of user-supplied `<repo> <refspec>...`,
-	return the list of refs to push in a form suitable to be
-	fed to the `git-send-pack` command.  When `<refspec>...`
-	is empty the returned list of refs consists of the
-	defaults for the given `<repo>`, if specified in
-	`$GIT_DIR/remotes/`.
-
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano.
@@ -47,4 +27,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
index a7e9fd021a..253fc0fc25 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-patch-id - Compute unique ID for a patch
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-patch-id' < <patch>
+'git patch-id' < <patch>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ ID" are almost guaranteed to be the same thing.
 
 IOW, you can use this thing to look for likely duplicate commits.
 
-When dealing with git-diff-tree output, it takes advantage of
+When dealing with 'git-diff-tree' output, it takes advantage of
 the fact that the patch is prefixed with the object name of the
-commit, and outputs two 40-byte hexadecimal string.  The first
+commit, and outputs two 40-byte hexadecimal strings.  The first
 string is the patch ID, and the second string is the commit ID.
 This can be used to make a mapping from patch ID to commit ID.
 
@@ -39,5 +39,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
index 74f37bd904..8282a5e82b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
@@ -8,16 +8,15 @@ git-peek-remote - List the references in a remote repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-peek-remote' [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [<host>:]<directory>
+'git peek-remote' [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [<host>:]<directory>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Lists the references the remote repository has, and optionally
-stores them in the local repository under the same name.
+This command is deprecated; use 'git-ls-remote' instead.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-\--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>::
+--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>::
 	Use this to specify the path to 'git-upload-pack' on the
 	remote side, if it is not found on your $PATH. Some
 	installations of sshd ignores the user's environment
@@ -29,9 +28,6 @@ OPTIONS
 	shells, but prefer having a lean .bashrc file (they set most of
 	the things up in .bash_profile).
 
-\--exec=<git-upload-pack>::
-	Same \--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>.
-
 <host>::
 	A remote host that houses the repository.  When this
 	part is specified, 'git-upload-pack' is invoked via
@@ -43,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -51,5 +47,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
index 310033e460..b5f26cee13 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ git-prune-packed - Remove extra objects that are already in pack files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-prune-packed' [-n] [-q]
+'git prune-packed' [-n] [-q]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This program search the `$GIT_OBJECT_DIR` for all objects that currently
+This program searches the `$GIT_OBJECT_DIR` for all objects that currently
 exist in a pack file as well as the independent object directories.
 
 All such extra objects are removed.
@@ -42,12 +42,11 @@ Documentation
 --------------
 Documentation by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-pack-objects[1]
-gitlink:git-repack[1]
+linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
+linkgit:git-repack[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune.txt b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
index 0b44f3015d..da6055d4b8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
@@ -3,23 +3,29 @@ git-prune(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-prune - Prunes all unreachable objects from the object database
+git-prune - Prune all unreachable objects from the object database
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-prune' [-n] [--] [<head>...]
+'git-prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>] [--] [<head>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This runs `git-fsck --unreachable` using all the refs
+NOTE: In most cases, users should run 'git-gc', which calls
+'git-prune'. See the section "NOTES", below.
+
+This runs 'git-fsck --unreachable' using all the refs
 available in `$GIT_DIR/refs`, optionally with additional set of
-objects specified on the command line, and prunes all
+objects specified on the command line, and prunes all unpacked
 objects unreachable from any of these head objects from the object database.
 In addition, it
 prunes the unpacked objects that are also found in packs by
-running `git prune-packed`.
+running 'git-prune-packed'.
+
+Note that unreachable, packed objects will remain.  If this is
+not desired, see linkgit:git-repack[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -28,9 +34,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	Do not remove anything; just report what it would
 	remove.
 
+-v::
+	Report all removed objects.
+
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 
+--expire <time>::
+	Only expire loose objects older than <time>.
+
 <head>...::
 	In addition to objects
 	reachable from any of our references, keep objects
@@ -44,9 +56,26 @@ borrows from your repository via its
 `.git/objects/info/alternates`:
 
 ------------
-$ git prune $(cd ../another && $(git-rev-parse --all))
+$ git prune $(cd ../another && $(git rev-parse --all))
 ------------
 
+Notes
+-----
+
+In most cases, users will not need to call 'git-prune' directly, but
+should instead call 'git-gc', which handles pruning along with
+many other housekeeping tasks.
+
+For a description of which objects are considered for pruning, see
+'git-fsck''s --unreachable option.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+
+linkgit:git-fsck[1],
+linkgit:git-gc[1],
+linkgit:git-reflog[1]
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
@@ -57,5 +86,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index 94478ed94d..7578623edb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -8,28 +8,50 @@ git-pull - Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-pull' <options> <repository> <refspec>...
+'git pull' <options> <repository> <refspec>...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Runs `git-fetch` with the given parameters, and calls `git-merge`
+Runs 'git-fetch' with the given parameters, and calls 'git-merge'
 to merge the retrieved head(s) into the current branch.
+With `--rebase`, calls 'git-rebase' instead of 'git-merge'.
 
 Note that you can use `.` (current directory) as the
 <repository> to pull from the local repository -- this is useful
 when merging local branches into the current branch.
 
+Also note that options meant for 'git-pull' itself and underlying
+'git-merge' must be given before the options meant for 'git-fetch'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
+:git-pull: 1
+
+--rebase::
+	Instead of a merge, perform a rebase after fetching.  If
+	there is a remote ref for the upstream branch, and this branch
+	was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information
+	to avoid rebasing non-local changes. To make this the default
+	for branch `<name>`, set configuration `branch.<name>.rebase`
+	to `true`.
++
+[NOTE]
+This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation.
+It rewrites history, which does not bode well when you
+published that history already.  Do *not* use this option
+unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully.
+
+--no-rebase::
+	Override earlier --rebase.
+
 include::fetch-options.txt[]
 
 include::pull-fetch-param.txt[]
 
-include::urls.txt[]
+include::urls-remotes.txt[]
 
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
@@ -90,40 +112,58 @@ rules apply:
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
-git pull, git pull origin::
-	Update the remote-tracking branches for the repository
-	you cloned from, then merge one of them into your
-	current branch.  Normally the branch merged in is
-	the HEAD of the remote repository, but the choice is
-	determined by the branch.<name>.remote and
-	branch.<name>.merge options; see gitlink:git-config[1]
-	for details.
-
-git pull origin next::
-	Merge into the current branch the remote branch `next`;
-	leaves a copy of `next` temporarily in FETCH_HEAD, but
-	does not update any remote-tracking branches.
-
-git pull . fixes enhancements::
-	Bundle local branch `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
-	the current branch, making an Octopus merge.  This `git pull .`
-	syntax is equivalent to `git merge`.
-
-git pull -s ours . obsolete::
-	Merge local branch `obsolete` into the current branch,
-	using `ours` merge strategy.
-
-git pull --no-commit . maint::
-	Merge local branch `maint` into the current branch, but
-	do not make a commit automatically.  This can be used
-	when you want to include further changes to the merge,
-	or want to write your own merge commit message.
+* Update the remote-tracking branches for the repository
+  you cloned from, then merge one of them into your
+  current branch:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull, git pull origin
+------------------------------------------------
++
+Normally the branch merged in is the HEAD of the remote repository,
+but the choice is determined by the branch.<name>.remote and
+branch.<name>.merge options; see linkgit:git-config[1] for details.
+
+* Merge into the current branch the remote branch `next`:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull origin next
+------------------------------------------------
++
+This leaves a copy of `next` temporarily in FETCH_HEAD, but
+does not update any remote-tracking branches.
+
+* Bundle local branch `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
+  the current branch, making an Octopus merge:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull . fixes enhancements
+------------------------------------------------
++
+This `git pull .` syntax is equivalent to `git merge`.
+
+* Merge local branch `obsolete` into the current branch, using `ours`
+  merge strategy:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull -s ours . obsolete
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Merge local branch `maint` into the current branch, but do not make
+  a commit automatically:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull --no-commit . maint
+------------------------------------------------
++
+This can be used when you want to include further changes to the
+merge, or want to write your own merge commit message.
 +
 You should refrain from abusing this option to sneak substantial
 changes into a merge commit.  Small fixups like bumping
 release/version name would be acceptable.
 
-Command line pull of multiple branches from one repository::
+* Command line pull of multiple branches from one repository:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout master
@@ -131,30 +171,29 @@ $ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp
 $ git pull . tmp
 ------------------------------------------------
 +
-This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp`
-in the local repository by fetching from the branches
-(respectively) `pu` and `maint` from the remote repository.
+This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp` in
+the local repository by fetching from the branches (respectively)
+`pu` and `maint` from the remote repository.
 +
-The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not
-fast-forward; the others will not be.
+The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward;
+the others will not be.
 +
 The final command then merges the newly fetched `tmp` into master.
 
 
 If you tried a pull which resulted in a complex conflicts and
-would want to start over, you can recover with
-gitlink:git-reset[1].
+would want to start over, you can recover with 'git-reset'.
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-fetch[1], gitlink:git-merge[1], gitlink:git-config[1]
+linkgit:git-fetch[1], linkgit:git-merge[1], linkgit:git-config[1]
 
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-and Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -164,5 +203,4 @@ Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index f8cc2b5432..2653388fd8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-push' [--all] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--repo=all] [-f | --force] [-v] [<repository> <refspec>...]
+[verse]
+'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [--dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
+	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose]
+	   [<repository> <refspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,87 +21,266 @@ necessary to complete the given refs.
 
 You can make interesting things happen to a repository
 every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there.  See
-documentation for gitlink:git-receive-pack[1].
+documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1].
 
 
-OPTIONS
--------
+OPTIONS[[OPTIONS]]
+------------------
 <repository>::
 	The "remote" repository that is destination of a push
-	operation.  See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below.
+	operation.  This parameter can be either a URL
+	(see the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below) or the name
+	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
-<refspec>::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+<refspec>...::
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
+	It is used to specify with what <src> object the <dst> ref
+	in the remote repository is to be updated.
 +
-The <src> side can be an
-arbitrary "SHA1 expression" that can be used as an
-argument to `git-cat-file -t`.  E.g. `master~4` (push
-four parents before the current master head).
+The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
+it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as `master~4` or
+`HEAD` (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]).
 +
-The local ref that matches <src> is used
-to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst>.  If
-the optional plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated
-even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
+The <dst> tells which ref on the remote side is updated with this
+push. Arbitrary expressions cannot be used here, an actual ref must
+be named. If `:`<dst> is omitted, the same ref as <src> will be
+updated.
 +
-Note: If no explicit refspec is found, (that is neither
-on the command line nor in any Push line of the
-corresponding remotes file---see below), then all the
-refs that exist both on the local side and on the remote
-side are updated.
+The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference
+on the remote side, but by default this is only allowed if the
+update can fast forward <dst>.  By having the optional leading `{plus}`,
+you can tell git to update the <dst> ref even when the update is not a
+fast forward.  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
+EXAMPLES below for details.
 +
 `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
 +
-A parameter <ref> without a colon is equivalent to
-<ref>`:`<ref>, hence updates <ref> in the destination from <ref>
-in the source.
-+
 Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
 the remote repository.
++
+The special refspec `:` (or `{plus}:` to allow non-fast forward updates)
+directs git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
+the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
+already exists on the remote side.  This is the default operation mode
+if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line
+nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below).
+
+--all::
+	Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
+	refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/` be pushed.
 
-\--all::
+--mirror::
 	Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
-	refs be pushed.
+	refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/` (which includes but is not
+	limited to `refs/heads/`, `refs/remotes/`, and `refs/tags/`)
+	be mirrored to the remote repository.  Newly created local
+	refs will be pushed to the remote end, locally updated refs
+	will be force updated on the remote end, and deleted refs
+	will be removed from the remote end.  This is the default
+	if the configuration option `remote.<remote>.mirror` is
+	set.
+
+--dry-run::
+	Do everything except actually send the updates.
+
+--porcelain::
+	Produce machine-readable output.  The output status line for each ref
+	will be tab-separated and sent to stdout instead of stderr.  The full
+	symbolic names of the refs will be given.
 
-\--tags::
+--tags::
 	All refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are pushed, in
 	addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command
 	line.
 
-\--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
+--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
+--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
 	end.  Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote
 	repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in
 	a directory on the default $PATH.
 
-\--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
-	Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.
-
--f, \--force::
+-f::
+--force::
 	Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is
-	not a descendant of the local ref used to overwrite it.
+	not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
 	This flag disables the check.  This can cause the
 	remote repository to lose commits; use it with care.
 
-\--repo=<repo>::
-	When no repository is specified the command defaults to
-	"origin"; this overrides it.
+--repo=<repository>::
+	This option is only relevant if no <repository> argument is
+	passed in the invocation. In this case, 'git-push' derives the
+	remote name from the current branch: If it tracks a remote
+	branch, then that remote repository is pushed to. Otherwise,
+	the name "origin" is used. For this latter case, this option
+	can be used to override the name "origin". In other words,
+	the difference between these two commands
++
+--------------------------
+git push public         #1
+git push --repo=public  #2
+--------------------------
++
+is that #1 always pushes to "public" whereas #2 pushes to "public"
+only if the current branch does not track a remote branch. This is
+useful if you write an alias or script around 'git-push'.
 
-\--thin, \--no-thin::
-	These options are passed to `git-send-pack`.  Thin
+--thin::
+--no-thin::
+	These options are passed to 'git-send-pack'.  Thin
 	transfer spends extra cycles to minimize the number of
 	objects to be sent and meant to be used on slower connection.
 
 -v::
+--verbose::
 	Run verbosely.
 
-include::urls.txt[]
+include::urls-remotes.txt[]
+
+OUTPUT
+------
+
+The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this
+section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either
+locally or via ssh).
+
+The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line
+representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:
+
+-------------------------------
+ <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>)
+-------------------------------
+
+If --porcelain is used, then each line of the output is of the form:
+
+-------------------------------
+ <flag> \t <from>:<to> \t <summary> (<reason>)
+-------------------------------
+
+flag::
+	A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is
+	blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was
+	rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to
+	date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to
+	date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely).
+
+summary::
+	For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new
+	values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
+	`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
+	`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a
+	failed update, more details are given for the failure.
+	The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the
+	ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The
+	string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused
+	the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the
+	remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the
+	remote end did not report the successful update of the ref
+	(perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a
+	break in the network connection, or other transient error).
+
+from::
+	The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its
+	`refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the
+	name of the local ref is omitted.
+
+to::
+	The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its
+	`refs/<type>/` prefix.
+
+reason::
+	A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed
+	refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
+	failure is described.
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+git push::
+	Works like `git push <remote>`, where <remote> is the
+	current branch's remote (or `origin`, if no remote is
+	configured for the current branch).
+
+git push origin::
+	Without additional configuration, works like
+	`git push origin :`.
++
+The default behavior of this command when no <refspec> is given can be
+configured by setting the `push` option of the remote.
++
+For example, to default to pushing only the current branch to `origin`
+use `git config remote.origin.push HEAD`.  Any valid <refspec> (like
+the ones in the examples below) can be configured as the default for
+`git push origin`.
+
+git push origin :::
+	Push "matching" branches to `origin`. See
+	<refspec> in the <<OPTIONS,OPTIONS>> section above for a
+	description of "matching" branches.
+
+git push origin master::
+	Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository
+	(most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update
+	the same ref (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) in `origin` repository
+	with it.  If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be
+	created.
+
+git push origin HEAD::
+	A handy way to push the current branch to the same name on the
+	remote.
+
+git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
+	Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`)
+	to update the ref that matches `satellite/master` (most probably
+	`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then
+	do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`.
+
+git push origin HEAD:master::
+	Push the current branch to the remote ref matching `master` in the
+	`origin` repository. This form is convenient to push the current
+	branch without thinking about its local name.
+
+git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
+	Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository
+	by copying the current `master` branch.  This form is only
+	needed to create a new branch or tag in the remote repository when
+	the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise,
+	the ref name on its own will work.
+
+git push origin :experimental::
+	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
+	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
+
+git push origin {plus}dev:master::
+	Update the origin repository's master branch with the dev branch,
+	allowing non-fast forward updates.  *This can leave unreferenced
+	commits dangling in the origin repository.*  Consider the
+	following situation, where a fast forward is not possible:
++
+----
+	    o---o---o---A---B  origin/master
+		     \
+		      X---Y---Z  dev
+----
++
+The above command would change the origin repository to
++
+----
+		      A---B  (unnamed branch)
+		     /
+	    o---o---o---X---Y---Z  master
+----
++
+Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name,
+and so would be unreachable.  As such, these commits would be removed by
+a `git gc` command on the origin repository.
+
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>, later rewritten in C
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C
 by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 
 Documentation
@@ -107,5 +289,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index 296937a416..d4037de512 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-quiltimport - Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-quiltimport' [--dry-run] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>]
+'git quiltimport' [--dry-run] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ preserved as the 1 line subject in the git description.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+
+-n::
 --dry-run::
 	Walk through the patches in the series and warn
 	if we cannot find all of the necessary information to commit
@@ -57,5 +59,4 @@ Documentation by Eric Biederman <ebiederm@lnxi.com>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
index 019c8bef7a..7160fa1536 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
@@ -8,22 +8,22 @@ git-read-tree - Reads tree information into the index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-read-tree' (<tree-ish> | [[-m [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])
+'git read-tree' (<tree-ish> | [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads the tree information given by <tree-ish> into the index,
 but does not actually *update* any of the files it "caches". (see:
-gitlink:git-checkout-index[1])
+linkgit:git-checkout-index[1])
 
 Optionally, it can merge a tree into the index, perform a
 fast-forward (i.e. 2-way) merge, or a 3-way merge, with the `-m`
 flag.  When used with `-m`, the `-u` flag causes it to also update
 the files in the work tree with the result of the merge.
 
-Trivial merges are done by `git-read-tree` itself.  Only conflicting paths
-will be in unmerged state when `git-read-tree` returns.
+Trivial merges are done by 'git-read-tree' itself.  Only conflicting paths
+will be in unmerged state when 'git-read-tree' returns.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -50,8 +50,17 @@ OPTIONS
 	trees that are not directly related to the current
 	working tree status into a temporary index file.
 
+-v::
+	Show the progress of checking files out.
+
+--trivial::
+	Restrict three-way merge by 'git-read-tree' to happen
+	only if there is no file-level merging required, instead
+	of resolving merge for trivial cases and leaving
+	conflicting files unresolved in the index.
+
 --aggressive::
-	Usually a three-way merge by `git-read-tree` resolves
+	Usually a three-way merge by 'git-read-tree' resolves
 	the merge for really trivial cases and leaves other
 	cases unresolved in the index, so that Porcelains can
 	implement different merge policies.  This flag makes the
@@ -104,7 +113,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 Merging
 -------
-If `-m` is specified, `git-read-tree` can perform 3 kinds of
+If `-m` is specified, 'git-read-tree' can perform 3 kinds of
 merge, a single tree merge if only 1 tree is given, a
 fast-forward merge with 2 trees, or a 3-way merge if 3 trees are
 provided.
@@ -112,29 +121,29 @@ provided.
 
 Single Tree Merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-If only 1 tree is specified, git-read-tree operates as if the user did not
+If only 1 tree is specified, 'git-read-tree' operates as if the user did not
 specify `-m`, except that if the original index has an entry for a
 given pathname, and the contents of the path matches with the tree
 being read, the stat info from the index is used. (In other words, the
 index's stat()s take precedence over the merged tree's).
 
-That means that if you do a `git-read-tree -m <newtree>` followed by a
-`git-checkout-index -f -u -a`, the `git-checkout-index` only checks out
+That means that if you do a `git read-tree -m <newtree>` followed by a
+`git checkout-index -f -u -a`, the 'git-checkout-index' only checks out
 the stuff that really changed.
 
-This is used to avoid unnecessary false hits when `git-diff-files` is
-run after `git-read-tree`.
+This is used to avoid unnecessary false hits when 'git-diff-files' is
+run after 'git-read-tree'.
 
 
 Two Tree Merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Typically, this is invoked as `git-read-tree -m $H $M`, where $H
+Typically, this is invoked as `git read-tree -m $H $M`, where $H
 is the head commit of the current repository, and $M is the head
 of a foreign tree, which is simply ahead of $H (i.e. we are in a
 fast forward situation).
 
-When two trees are specified, the user is telling git-read-tree
+When two trees are specified, the user is telling 'git-read-tree'
 the following:
 
      1. The current index and work tree is derived from $H, but
@@ -142,7 +151,7 @@ the following:
 
      2. The user wants to fast-forward to $M.
 
-In this case, the `git-read-tree -m $H $M` command makes sure
+In this case, the `git read-tree -m $H $M` command makes sure
 that no local change is lost as the result of this "merge".
 Here are the "carry forward" rules:
 
@@ -151,7 +160,10 @@ Here are the "carry forward" rules:
       0 nothing             nothing  nothing  (does not happen)
       1 nothing             nothing  exists   use M
       2 nothing             exists   nothing  remove path from index
-      3 nothing             exists   exists   use M
+      3 nothing             exists   exists,  use M if "initial checkout"
+				     H == M   keep index otherwise
+				     exists   fail
+				     H != M
 
         clean I==H  I==M
        ------------------
@@ -184,33 +196,39 @@ Here are the "carry forward" rules:
 
 In all "keep index" cases, the index entry stays as in the
 original index file.  If the entry were not up to date,
-git-read-tree keeps the copy in the work tree intact when
+'git-read-tree' keeps the copy in the work tree intact when
 operating under the -u flag.
 
-When this form of git-read-tree returns successfully, you can
+When this form of 'git-read-tree' returns successfully, you can
 see what "local changes" you made are carried forward by running
-`git-diff-index --cached $M`.  Note that this does not
-necessarily match `git-diff-index --cached $H` would have
+`git diff-index --cached $M`.  Note that this does not
+necessarily match `git diff-index --cached $H` would have
 produced before such a two tree merge.  This is because of cases
 18 and 19 --- if you already had the changes in $M (e.g. maybe
-you picked it up via e-mail in a patch form), `git-diff-index
+you picked it up via e-mail in a patch form), `git diff-index
 --cached $H` would have told you about the change before this
-merge, but it would not show in `git-diff-index --cached $M`
+merge, but it would not show in `git diff-index --cached $M`
 output after two-tree merge.
 
+Case #3 is slightly tricky and needs explanation.  The result from this
+rule logically should be to remove the path if the user staged the removal
+of the path and then switching to a new branch.  That however will prevent
+the initial checkout from happening, so the rule is modified to use M (new
+tree) only when the contents of the index is empty.  Otherwise the removal
+of the path is kept as long as $H and $M are the same.
 
 3-Way Merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 Each "index" entry has two bits worth of "stage" state. stage 0 is the
 normal one, and is the only one you'd see in any kind of normal use.
 
-However, when you do `git-read-tree` with three trees, the "stage"
+However, when you do 'git-read-tree' with three trees, the "stage"
 starts out at 1.
 
 This means that you can do
 
 ----------------
-$ git-read-tree -m <tree1> <tree2> <tree3>
+$ git read-tree -m <tree1> <tree2> <tree3>
 ----------------
 
 and you will end up with an index with all of the <tree1> entries in
@@ -220,7 +238,7 @@ branch into the current branch, we use the common ancestor tree
 as <tree1>, the current branch head as <tree2>, and the other
 branch head as <tree3>.
 
-Furthermore, `git-read-tree` has special-case logic that says: if you see
+Furthermore, 'git-read-tree' has special-case logic that says: if you see
 a file that matches in all respects in the following states, it
 "collapses" back to "stage0":
 
@@ -236,7 +254,7 @@ a file that matches in all respects in the following states, it
    - stage 1 and stage 3 are the same and stage 2 is different take
      stage 2 (we did something while they did nothing)
 
-The `git-write-tree` command refuses to write a nonsensical tree, and it
+The 'git-write-tree' command refuses to write a nonsensical tree, and it
 will complain about unmerged entries if it sees a single entry that is not
 stage 0.
 
@@ -252,7 +270,7 @@ start a 3-way merge with an index file that is already
 populated.  Here is an outline of how the algorithm works:
 
 - if a file exists in identical format in all three trees, it will
-  automatically collapse to "merged" state by git-read-tree.
+  automatically collapse to "merged" state by 'git-read-tree'.
 
 - a file that has _any_ difference what-so-ever in the three trees
   will stay as separate entries in the index. It's up to "porcelain
@@ -276,8 +294,8 @@ populated.  Here is an outline of how the algorithm works:
     matching "stage1" entry if it exists too.  .. all the normal
     trivial rules ..
 
-You would normally use `git-merge-index` with supplied
-`git-merge-one-file` to do this last step.  The script updates
+You would normally use 'git-merge-index' with supplied
+'git-merge-one-file' to do this last step.  The script updates
 the files in the working tree as it merges each path and at the
 end of a successful merge.
 
@@ -295,16 +313,16 @@ commit.  To illustrate, suppose you start from what has been
 committed last to your repository:
 
 ----------------
-$ JC=`git-rev-parse --verify "HEAD^0"`
-$ git-checkout-index -f -u -a $JC
+$ JC=`git rev-parse --verify "HEAD^0"`
+$ git checkout-index -f -u -a $JC
 ----------------
 
-You do random edits, without running git-update-index.  And then
+You do random edits, without running 'git-update-index'.  And then
 you notice that the tip of your "upstream" tree has advanced
 since you pulled from him:
 
 ----------------
-$ git-fetch git://.... linus
+$ git fetch git://.... linus
 $ LT=`cat .git/FETCH_HEAD`
 ----------------
 
@@ -314,10 +332,10 @@ added or modified index entries since $JC, and if you haven't,
 then does the right thing.  So with the following sequence:
 
 ----------------
-$ git-read-tree -m -u `git-merge-base $JC $LT` $JC $LT
-$ git-merge-index git-merge-one-file -a
+$ git read-tree -m -u `git merge-base $JC $LT` $JC $LT
+$ git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a
 $ echo "Merge with Linus" | \
-  git-commit-tree `git-write-tree` -p $JC -p $LT
+  git commit-tree `git write-tree` -p $JC -p $LT
 ----------------
 
 what you would commit is a pure merge between $JC and $LT without
@@ -325,23 +343,24 @@ your work-in-progress changes, and your work tree would be
 updated to the result of the merge.
 
 However, if you have local changes in the working tree that
-would be overwritten by this merge,`git-read-tree` will refuse
+would be overwritten by this merge, 'git-read-tree' will refuse
 to run to prevent your changes from being lost.
 
 In other words, there is no need to worry about what exists only
 in the working tree.  When you have local changes in a part of
 the project that is not involved in the merge, your changes do
 not interfere with the merge, and are kept intact.  When they
-*do* interfere, the merge does not even start (`git-read-tree`
+*do* interfere, the merge does not even start ('git-read-tree'
 complains loudly and fails without modifying anything).  In such
 a case, you can simply continue doing what you were in the
 middle of doing, and when your working tree is ready (i.e. you
 have finished your work-in-progress), attempt the merge again.
 
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-write-tree[1]; gitlink:git-ls-files[1]
+linkgit:git-write-tree[1]; linkgit:git-ls-files[1];
+linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
 
 Author
@@ -354,5 +373,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 2f417a8f85..db1b71d248 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -7,33 +7,42 @@ git-rebase - Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-rebase' [-v] [--merge] [-C<n>] [--onto <newbase>] <upstream> [<branch>]
+[verse]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--onto <newbase>]
+	<upstream> [<branch>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] --onto <newbase>
+	--root [<branch>]
 
-'git-rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort
+'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-If <branch> is specified, git-rebase will perform an automatic
+If <branch> is specified, 'git-rebase' will perform an automatic
 `git checkout <branch>` before doing anything else.  Otherwise
 it remains on the current branch.
 
 All changes made by commits in the current branch but that are not
 in <upstream> are saved to a temporary area.  This is the same set
-of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD`.
+of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD` (or
+`git log HEAD`, if --root is specified).
 
 The current branch is reset to <upstream>, or <newbase> if the
 --onto option was supplied.  This has the exact same effect as
-`git reset --hard <upstream>` (or <newbase>).
+`git reset --hard <upstream>` (or <newbase>).  ORIG_HEAD is set
+to point at the tip of the branch before the reset.
 
 The commits that were previously saved into the temporary area are
-then reapplied to the current branch, one by one, in order.
+then reapplied to the current branch, one by one, in order. Note that
+any commits in HEAD which introduce the same textual changes as a commit
+in HEAD..<upstream> are omitted (i.e., a patch already accepted upstream
+with a different commit message or timestamp will be skipped).
 
 It is possible that a merge failure will prevent this process from being
 completely automatic.  You will have to resolve any such merge failure
 and run `git rebase --continue`.  Another option is to bypass the commit
 that caused the merge failure with `git rebase --skip`.  To restore the
-original <branch> and remove the .dotest working files, use the command
-`git rebase --abort` instead.
+original <branch> and remove the .git/rebase-apply working files, use the
+command `git rebase --abort` instead.
 
 Assume the following history exists and the current branch is "topic":
 
@@ -46,8 +55,8 @@ Assume the following history exists and the current branch is "topic":
 From this point, the result of either of the following commands:
 
 
-    git-rebase master
-    git-rebase master topic
+    git rebase master
+    git rebase master topic
 
 would be:
 
@@ -60,12 +69,32 @@ would be:
 The latter form is just a short-hand of `git checkout topic`
 followed by `git rebase master`.
 
+If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g.,
+because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit
+will be skipped. For example, running `git rebase master` on the
+following history (in which A' and A introduce the same set of changes,
+but have different committer information):
+
+------------
+          A---B---C topic
+         /
+    D---E---A'---F master
+------------
+
+will result in:
+
+------------
+                   B'---C' topic
+                  /
+    D---E---A'---F master
+------------
+
 Here is how you would transplant a topic branch based on one
 branch to another, to pretend that you forked the topic branch
 from the latter branch, using `rebase --onto`.
 
 First let's assume your 'topic' is based on branch 'next'.
-For example feature developed in 'topic' depends on some
+For example, a feature developed in 'topic' depends on some
 functionality which is found in 'next'.
 
 ------------
@@ -76,9 +105,9 @@ functionality which is found in 'next'.
                             o---o---o  topic
 ------------
 
-We would want to make 'topic' forked from branch 'master',
-for example because the functionality 'topic' branch depend on
-got merged into more stable 'master' branch, like this:
+We want to make 'topic' forked from branch 'master'; for example,
+because the functionality on which 'topic' depends was merged into the
+more stable 'master' branch. We want our tree to look like this:
 
 ------------
     o---o---o---o---o  master
@@ -90,7 +119,7 @@ got merged into more stable 'master' branch, like this:
 
 We can get this using the following command:
 
-    git-rebase --onto master next topic
+    git rebase --onto master next topic
 
 
 Another example of --onto option is to rebase part of a
@@ -106,7 +135,7 @@ branch.  If we have the following situation:
 
 then the command
 
-    git-rebase --onto master topicA topicB
+    git rebase --onto master topicA topicB
 
 would result in:
 
@@ -129,7 +158,7 @@ the following situation:
 
 then the command
 
-    git-rebase --onto topicA~5 topicA~2 topicA
+    git rebase --onto topicA~5 topicA~3 topicA
 
 would result in the removal of commits F and G:
 
@@ -141,8 +170,8 @@ This is useful if F and G were flawed in some way, or should not be
 part of topicA.  Note that the argument to --onto and the <upstream>
 parameter can be any valid commit-ish.
 
-In case of conflict, git-rebase will stop at the first problematic commit
-and leave conflict markers in the tree.  You can use git diff to locate
+In case of conflict, 'git-rebase' will stop at the first problematic commit
+and leave conflict markers in the tree.  You can use 'git-diff' to locate
 the markers (<<<<<<) and make edits to resolve the conflict.  For each
 file you edit, you need to tell git that the conflict has been resolved,
 typically this would be done with
@@ -158,11 +187,18 @@ desired resolution, you can continue the rebasing process with
     git rebase --continue
 
 
-Alternatively, you can undo the git-rebase with
+Alternatively, you can undo the 'git-rebase' with
 
 
     git rebase --abort
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <newbase>::
@@ -187,20 +223,37 @@ OPTIONS
 --skip::
 	Restart the rebasing process by skipping the current patch.
 
+-m::
 --merge::
 	Use merging strategies to rebase.  When the recursive (default) merge
 	strategy is used, this allows rebase to be aware of renames on the
 	upstream side.
 
--s <strategy>, \--strategy=<strategy>::
-	Use the given merge strategy; can be supplied more than
-	once to specify them in the order they should be tried.
+-s <strategy>::
+--strategy=<strategy>::
+	Use the given merge strategy.
 	If there is no `-s` option, a built-in list of strategies
-	is used instead (`git-merge-recursive` when merging a single
-	head, `git-merge-octopus` otherwise).  This implies --merge.
+	is used instead ('git-merge-recursive' when merging a single
+	head, 'git-merge-octopus' otherwise).  This implies --merge.
 
--v, \--verbose::
-	Display a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last rebase.
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Be quiet. Implies --no-stat.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be verbose. Implies --stat.
+
+--stat::
+	Show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last rebase. The
+	diffstat is also controlled by the configuration option rebase.stat.
+
+-n::
+--no-stat::
+	Do not show a diffstat as part of the rebase process.
+
+--no-verify::
+	This option bypasses the pre-rebase hook.  See also linkgit:githooks[5].
 
 -C<n>::
 	Ensure at least <n> lines of surrounding context match before
@@ -208,27 +261,309 @@ OPTIONS
 	context exist they all must match.  By default no context is
 	ever ignored.
 
+-f::
+--force-rebase::
+	Force the rebase even if the current branch is a descendant
+	of the commit you are rebasing onto.  Normally the command will
+	exit with the message "Current branch is up to date" in such a
+	situation.
+
+--whitespace=<option>::
+	This flag is passed to the 'git-apply' program
+	(see linkgit:git-apply[1]) that applies the patch.
+	Incompatible with the --interactive option.
+
+--committer-date-is-author-date::
+--ignore-date::
+	These flags are passed to 'git-am' to easily change the dates
+	of the rebased commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]).
+
+-i::
+--interactive::
+	Make a list of the commits which are about to be rebased.  Let the
+	user edit that list before rebasing.  This mode can also be used to
+	split commits (see SPLITTING COMMITS below).
+
+-p::
+--preserve-merges::
+	Instead of ignoring merges, try to recreate them.
+
+--root::
+	Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of
+	limiting them with an <upstream>.  This allows you to rebase
+	the root commit(s) on a branch.  Must be used with --onto, and
+	will skip changes already contained in <newbase> (instead of
+	<upstream>).  When used together with --preserve-merges, 'all'
+	root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent
+	instead.
+
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
 NOTES
 -----
-When you rebase a branch, you are changing its history in a way that
-will cause problems for anyone who already has a copy of the branch
-in their repository and tries to pull updates from you.  You should
-understand the implications of using 'git rebase' on a repository that
-you share.
 
-When the git rebase command is run, it will first execute a "pre-rebase"
+You should understand the implications of using 'git-rebase' on a
+repository that you share.  See also RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE
+below.
+
+When the git-rebase command is run, it will first execute a "pre-rebase"
 hook if one exists.  You can use this hook to do sanity checks and
 reject the rebase if it isn't appropriate.  Please see the template
 pre-rebase hook script for an example.
 
-You must be in the top directory of your project to start (or continue)
-a rebase.  Upon completion, <branch> will be the current branch.
+Upon completion, <branch> will be the current branch.
+
+INTERACTIVE MODE
+----------------
+
+Rebasing interactively means that you have a chance to edit the commits
+which are rebased.  You can reorder the commits, and you can
+remove them (weeding out bad or otherwise unwanted patches).
+
+The interactive mode is meant for this type of workflow:
+
+1. have a wonderful idea
+2. hack on the code
+3. prepare a series for submission
+4. submit
+
+where point 2. consists of several instances of
+
+a. regular use
+ 1. finish something worthy of a commit
+ 2. commit
+b. independent fixup
+ 1. realize that something does not work
+ 2. fix that
+ 3. commit it
+
+Sometimes the thing fixed in b.2. cannot be amended to the not-quite
+perfect commit it fixes, because that commit is buried deeply in a
+patch series.  That is exactly what interactive rebase is for: use it
+after plenty of "a"s and "b"s, by rearranging and editing
+commits, and squashing multiple commits into one.
+
+Start it with the last commit you want to retain as-is:
+
+	git rebase -i <after-this-commit>
+
+An editor will be fired up with all the commits in your current branch
+(ignoring merge commits), which come after the given commit.  You can
+reorder the commits in this list to your heart's content, and you can
+remove them.  The list looks more or less like this:
+
+-------------------------------------------
+pick deadbee The oneline of this commit
+pick fa1afe1 The oneline of the next commit
+...
+-------------------------------------------
+
+The oneline descriptions are purely for your pleasure; 'git-rebase' will
+not look at them but at the commit names ("deadbee" and "fa1afe1" in this
+example), so do not delete or edit the names.
+
+By replacing the command "pick" with the command "edit", you can tell
+'git-rebase' to stop after applying that commit, so that you can edit
+the files and/or the commit message, amend the commit, and continue
+rebasing.
+
+If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
+"pick" with "squash" for the second and subsequent commit.  If the
+commits had different authors, it will attribute the squashed commit to
+the author of the first commit.
+
+In both cases, or when a "pick" does not succeed (because of merge
+errors), the loop will stop to let you fix things, and you can continue
+the loop with `git rebase --continue`.
+
+For example, if you want to reorder the last 5 commits, such that what
+was HEAD~4 becomes the new HEAD. To achieve that, you would call
+'git-rebase' like this:
+
+----------------------
+$ git rebase -i HEAD~5
+----------------------
+
+And move the first patch to the end of the list.
+
+You might want to preserve merges, if you have a history like this:
+
+------------------
+           X
+            \
+         A---M---B
+        /
+---o---O---P---Q
+------------------
+
+Suppose you want to rebase the side branch starting at "A" to "Q". Make
+sure that the current HEAD is "B", and call
+
+-----------------------------
+$ git rebase -i -p --onto Q O
+-----------------------------
+
+
+SPLITTING COMMITS
+-----------------
+
+In interactive mode, you can mark commits with the action "edit".  However,
+this does not necessarily mean that 'git-rebase' expects the result of this
+edit to be exactly one commit.  Indeed, you can undo the commit, or you can
+add other commits.  This can be used to split a commit into two:
+
+- Start an interactive rebase with `git rebase -i <commit>^`, where
+  <commit> is the commit you want to split.  In fact, any commit range
+  will do, as long as it contains that commit.
+
+- Mark the commit you want to split with the action "edit".
+
+- When it comes to editing that commit, execute `git reset HEAD^`.  The
+  effect is that the HEAD is rewound by one, and the index follows suit.
+  However, the working tree stays the same.
+
+- Now add the changes to the index that you want to have in the first
+  commit.  You can use `git add` (possibly interactively) or
+  'git-gui' (or both) to do that.
 
-Author
+- Commit the now-current index with whatever commit message is appropriate
+  now.
+
+- Repeat the last two steps until your working tree is clean.
+
+- Continue the rebase with `git rebase --continue`.
+
+If you are not absolutely sure that the intermediate revisions are
+consistent (they compile, pass the testsuite, etc.) you should use
+'git-stash' to stash away the not-yet-committed changes
+after each commit, test, and amend the commit if fixes are necessary.
+
+
+RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE
+-------------------------------
+
+Rebasing (or any other form of rewriting) a branch that others have
+based work on is a bad idea: anyone downstream of it is forced to
+manually fix their history.  This section explains how to do the fix
+from the downstream's point of view.  The real fix, however, would be
+to avoid rebasing the upstream in the first place.
+
+To illustrate, suppose you are in a situation where someone develops a
+'subsystem' branch, and you are working on a 'topic' that is dependent
+on this 'subsystem'.  You might end up with a history like the
+following:
+
+------------
+    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
+	 \
+	  o---o---o---o---o  subsystem
+			   \
+			    *---*---*  topic
+------------
+
+If 'subsystem' is rebased against 'master', the following happens:
+
+------------
+    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
+	 \			 \
+	  o---o---o---o---o	  o'--o'--o'--o'--o'  subsystem
+			   \
+			    *---*---*  topic
+------------
+
+If you now continue development as usual, and eventually merge 'topic'
+to 'subsystem', the commits from 'subsystem' will remain duplicated forever:
+
+------------
+    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
+	 \			 \
+	  o---o---o---o---o	  o'--o'--o'--o'--o'--M	 subsystem
+			   \			     /
+			    *---*---*-..........-*--*  topic
+------------
+
+Such duplicates are generally frowned upon because they clutter up
+history, making it harder to follow.  To clean things up, you need to
+transplant the commits on 'topic' to the new 'subsystem' tip, i.e.,
+rebase 'topic'.  This becomes a ripple effect: anyone downstream from
+'topic' is forced to rebase too, and so on!
+
+There are two kinds of fixes, discussed in the following subsections:
+
+Easy case: The changes are literally the same.::
+
+	This happens if the 'subsystem' rebase was a simple rebase and
+	had no conflicts.
+
+Hard case: The changes are not the same.::
+
+	This happens if the 'subsystem' rebase had conflicts, or used
+	`\--interactive` to omit, edit, or squash commits; or if the
+	upstream used one of `commit \--amend`, `reset`, or
+	`filter-branch`.
+
+
+The easy case
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Only works if the changes (patch IDs based on the diff contents) on
+'subsystem' are literally the same before and after the rebase
+'subsystem' did.
+
+In that case, the fix is easy because 'git-rebase' knows to skip
+changes that are already present in the new upstream.  So if you say
+(assuming you're on 'topic')
+------------
+    $ git rebase subsystem
+------------
+you will end up with the fixed history
+------------
+    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
+				 \
+				  o'--o'--o'--o'--o'  subsystem
+						   \
+						    *---*---*  topic
+------------
+
+
+The hard case
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Things get more complicated if the 'subsystem' changes do not exactly
+correspond to the ones before the rebase.
+
+NOTE: While an "easy case recovery" sometimes appears to be successful
+      even in the hard case, it may have unintended consequences.  For
+      example, a commit that was removed via `git rebase
+      \--interactive` will be **resurrected**!
+
+The idea is to manually tell 'git-rebase' "where the old 'subsystem'
+ended and your 'topic' began", that is, what the old merge-base
+between them was.  You will have to find a way to name the last commit
+of the old 'subsystem', for example:
+
+* With the 'subsystem' reflog: after 'git-fetch', the old tip of
+  'subsystem' is at `subsystem@\{1}`.  Subsequent fetches will
+  increase the number.  (See linkgit:git-reflog[1].)
+
+* Relative to the tip of 'topic': knowing that your 'topic' has three
+  commits, the old tip of 'subsystem' must be `topic~3`.
+
+You can then transplant the old `subsystem..topic` to the new tip by
+saying (for the reflog case, and assuming you are on 'topic' already):
+------------
+    $ git rebase --onto subsystem subsystem@{1}
+------------
+
+The ripple effect of a "hard case" recovery is especially bad:
+'everyone' downstream from 'topic' will now have to perform a "hard
+case" recovery too!
+
+
+Authors
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and
+Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -236,5 +571,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
index 6914aa59c3..514f03c979 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-receive-pack - Receive what is pushed into the repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-receive-pack' <directory>
+'git receive-pack' <directory>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,17 +18,17 @@ information fed from the remote end.
 This command is usually not invoked directly by the end user.
 The UI for the protocol is on the 'git-send-pack' side, and the
 program pair is meant to be used to push updates to remote
-repository.  For pull operations, see 'git-fetch-pack'.
+repository.  For pull operations, see linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
 
 The command allows for creation and fast forwarding of sha1 refs
 (heads/tags) on the remote end (strictly speaking, it is the
-local end receive-pack runs, but to the user who is sitting at
+local end 'git-receive-pack' runs, but to the user who is sitting at
 the send-pack end, it is updating the remote.  Confused?)
 
 There are other real-world examples of using update and
 post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory.
 
-git-receive-pack honours the receive.denyNonFastForwards config
+'git-receive-pack' honours the receive.denyNonFastForwards config
 option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they
 are not fast-forwards.
 
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ standard input of the hook will be one line per ref to be updated:
 The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
 head this is "refs/heads/master".  The two sha1 values before
 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
-the update.  Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0{40},
-while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0{40}, otherwise
+the update.  Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0\{40},
+while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0\{40}, otherwise
 sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in the repository.
 
 This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ The refname parameter is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
 head this is "refs/heads/master".  The two sha1 arguments are
 the object names for the refname before and after the update.
 Note that the hook is called before the refname is updated,
-so either sha1-old is 0{40} (meaning there is no such ref yet),
+so either sha1-old is 0\{40} (meaning there is no such ref yet),
 or it should match what is recorded in refname.
 
 The hook should exit with non-zero status if it wants to disallow
 updating the named ref.  Otherwise it should exit with zero.
 
 Successful execution (a zero exit status) of this hook does not
-ensure the ref will actully be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
+ensure the ref will actually be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
 As such it is not a good idea to send notices (e.g. email) from
 this hook.  Consider using the post-receive hook instead.
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ post-receive Hook
 -----------------
 After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
 ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
-file exists and is executable, it will be invoke once with no
+file exists and is executable, it will be invoked once with no
 parameters.  The standard input of the hook will be one line
 for each successfully updated ref:
 
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
 head this is "refs/heads/master".  The two sha1 values before
 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
 the update.  Refs that were created will have sha1-old equal to
-0{40}, while refs that were deleted will have sha1-new equal to
-0{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
+0\{40}, while refs that were deleted will have sha1-new equal to
+0\{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
 the repository.
 
 Using this hook, it is easy to generate mails describing the updates
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ ref listing the commits pushed to the repository:
 		if expr "$oval" : '0*$' >/dev/null
 		then
 			echo "Created a new ref, with the following commits:"
-			git-rev-list --pretty "$nval"
+			git rev-list --pretty "$nval"
 		else
 			echo "New commits:"
-			git-rev-list --pretty "$nval" "^$oval"
+			git rev-list --pretty "$nval" "^$oval"
 		fi |
 		mail -s "Changes to ref $ref" commit-list@mydomain
 	done
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ non-zero exit code will generate an error message.
 
 Note that it is possible for refname to not have sha1-new when this
 hook runs.  This can easily occur if another user modifies the ref
-after it was updated by receive-pack, but before the hook was able
+after it was updated by 'git-receive-pack', but before the hook was able
 to evaluate it.  It is recommended that hooks rely on sha1-new
 rather than the current value of refname.
 
@@ -133,23 +133,23 @@ post-update Hook
 ----------------
 After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
 if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
-post-update will called with the list of refs that have been updated.
+post-update will be called with the list of refs that have been updated.
 This can be used to implement any repository wide cleanup tasks.
 
 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored; the only thing
-left for git-receive-pack to do at that point is to exit itself
+left for 'git-receive-pack' to do at that point is to exit itself
 anyway.
 
-This hook can be used, for example, to run "git-update-server-info"
+This hook can be used, for example, to run `git update-server-info`
 if the repository is packed and is served via a dumb transport.
 
 	#!/bin/sh
-	exec git-update-server-info
+	exec git update-server-info
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-send-pack[1]
+linkgit:git-send-pack[1]
 
 
 Author
@@ -162,4 +162,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index 1e343bcdcd..7f7a5445c7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -16,36 +16,62 @@ The command takes various subcommands, and different options
 depending on the subcommand:
 
 [verse]
-git reflog expire [--dry-run] [--stale-fix]
+'git reflog expire' [--dry-run] [--stale-fix] [--verbose]
 	[--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>] [--all] <refs>...
-
-git reflog [show] [log-options]
++
+'git reflog delete' ref@\{specifier\}...
++
+'git reflog' ['show'] [log-options] [<ref>]
 
 Reflog is a mechanism to record when the tip of branches are
 updated.  This command is to manage the information recorded in it.
 
 The subcommand "expire" is used to prune older reflog entries.
 Entries older than `expire` time, or entries older than
-`expire-unreachable` time and are not reachable from the current
+`expire-unreachable` time and not reachable from the current
 tip, are removed from the reflog.  This is typically not used
-directly by the end users -- instead, see gitlink:git-gc[1].
+directly by the end users -- instead, see linkgit:git-gc[1].
 
-The subcommand "show" (which is also the default, in the absense of any
+The subcommand "show" (which is also the default, in the absence of any
 subcommands) will take all the normal log options, and show the log of
-the current branch. It is basically an alias for 'git log -g --abbrev-commit
---pretty=oneline', see gitlink:git-log[1].
+the reference provided in the command-line (or `HEAD`, by default).
+The reflog will cover all recent actions (HEAD reflog records branch switching
+as well).  It is an alias for `git log -g --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline`;
+see linkgit:git-log[1].
+
+The reflog is useful in various git commands, to specify the old value
+of a reference. For example, `HEAD@\{2\}` means "where HEAD used to be
+two moves ago", `master@\{one.week.ago\}` means "where master used to
+point to one week ago", and so on. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] for
+more details.
+
+To delete single entries from the reflog, use the subcommand "delete"
+and specify the _exact_ entry (e.g. "`git reflog delete master@\{2\}`").
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
+--stale-fix::
+	This revamps the logic -- the definition of "broken commit"
+	becomes: a commit that is not reachable from any of the refs and
+	there is a missing object among the commit, tree, or blob
+	objects reachable from it that is not reachable from any of the
+	refs.
++
+This computation involves traversing all the reachable objects, i.e. it
+has the same cost as 'git-prune'.  Fortunately, once this is run, we
+should not have to ever worry about missing objects, because the current
+prune and pack-objects know about reflogs and protect objects referred by
+them.
+
 --expire=<time>::
 	Entries older than this time are pruned.  Without the
 	option it is taken from configuration `gc.reflogExpire`,
 	which in turn defaults to 90 days.
 
 --expire-unreachable=<time>::
-	Entries older than this time and are not reachable from
+	Entries older than this time and not reachable from
 	the current tip of the branch are pruned.  Without the
 	option it is taken from configuration
 	`gc.reflogExpireUnreachable`, which in turn defaults to
@@ -54,9 +80,21 @@ OPTIONS
 --all::
 	Instead of listing <refs> explicitly, prune all refs.
 
+--updateref::
+	Update the ref with the sha1 of the top reflog entry (i.e.
+	<ref>@\{0\}) after expiring or deleting.
+
+--rewrite::
+	While expiring or deleting, adjust each reflog entry to ensure
+	that the `old` sha1 field points to the `new` sha1 field of the
+	previous entry.
+
+--verbose::
+	Print extra information on screen.
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -64,5 +102,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-relink.txt b/Documentation/git-relink.txt
index aca60120c8..25ff8f9dcb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-relink.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-relink.txt
@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@ git-relink - Hardlink common objects in local repositories
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-relink' [--safe] <dir> <dir> [<dir>]\*
+'git relink' [--safe] <dir> [<dir>]\* <master_dir>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This will scan 2 or more object repositories and look for common objects, check
-if they are hardlinked, and replace one with a hardlink to the other if not.
+This will scan 1 or more object repositories and look for objects in common
+with a master repository. Objects not already hardlinked to the master
+repository will be replaced with a hardlink to the master repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -33,5 +34,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index a9fb6a9a5e..9e2b4eaa38 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,14 @@ git-remote - manage set of tracked repositories
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-remote'
-'git-remote' add [-t <branch>] [-m <branch>] [-f] <name> <url>
-'git-remote' show <name>
-'git-remote' prune <name>
-'git-remote' update [group]
+'git remote' [-v | --verbose]
+'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror] <name> <url>
+'git remote rename' <old> <new>
+'git remote rm' <name>
+'git remote set-head' <name> [-a | -d | <branch>]
+'git remote show' [-n] <name>
+'git remote prune' [-n | --dry-run] <name>
+'git remote update' [-p | --prune] [group | remote]...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -21,6 +24,14 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Manage the set of repositories ("remotes") whose branches you track.
 
 
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be a little more verbose and show remote url after name.
+
+
 COMMANDS
 --------
 
@@ -40,15 +51,61 @@ With `-t <branch>` option, instead of the default glob
 refspec for the remote to track all branches under
 `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/`, a refspec to track only `<branch>`
 is created.  You can give more than one `-t <branch>` to track
-multiple branche without grabbing all branches.
+multiple branches without grabbing all branches.
 +
 With `-m <master>` option, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set
-up to point at remote's `<master>` branch instead of whatever
-branch the `HEAD` at the remote repository actually points at.
+up to point at remote's `<master>` branch. See also the set-head command.
++
+In mirror mode, enabled with `\--mirror`, the refs will not be stored
+in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but in 'refs/heads/'.  This option
+only makes sense in bare repositories.  If a remote uses mirror
+mode, furthermore, `git push` will always behave as if `\--mirror`
+was passed.
+
+'rename'::
+
+Rename the remote named <old> to <new>. All remote tracking branches and
+configuration settings for the remote are updated.
++
+In case <old> and <new> are the same, and <old> is a file under
+`$GIT_DIR/remotes` or `$GIT_DIR/branches`, the remote is converted to
+the configuration file format.
+
+'rm'::
+
+Remove the remote named <name>. All remote tracking branches and
+configuration settings for the remote are removed.
+
+'set-head'::
+
+Sets or deletes the default branch (`$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD`) for
+the named remote. Having a default branch for a remote is not required,
+but allows the name of the remote to be specified in lieu of a specific
+branch. For example, if the default branch for `origin` is set to
+`master`, then `origin` may be specified wherever you would normally
+specify `origin/master`.
++
+With `-d`, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is deleted.
++
+With `-a`, the remote is queried to determine its `HEAD`, then
+`$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set to the same branch. e.g., if the remote
+`HEAD` is pointed at `next`, "`git remote set-head origin -a`" will set
+`$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to `refs/remotes/origin/next`. This will
+only work if `refs/remotes/origin/next` already exists; if not it must be
+fetched first.
++
+Use `<branch>` to set `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` explicitly. e.g., "git
+remote set-head origin master" will set `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to
+`refs/remotes/origin/master`. This will only work if
+`refs/remotes/origin/master` already exists; if not it must be fetched first.
++
 
 'show'::
 
 Gives some information about the remote <name>.
++
+With `-n` option, the remote heads are not queried first with
+`git ls-remote <name>`; cached information is used instead.
 
 'prune'::
 
@@ -56,15 +113,20 @@ Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>.
 These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository
 referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in
 "remotes/<name>".
++
+With `--dry-run` option, report what branches will be pruned, but do no
+actually prune them.
 
 'update'::
 
 Fetch updates for a named set of remotes in the repository as defined by
 remotes.<group>.  If a named group is not specified on the command line,
 the configuration parameter remotes.default will get used; if
-remotes.default is not defined, all remotes which do not the
+remotes.default is not defined, all remotes which do not have the
 configuration parameter remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate set to true will
-be updated.  (See gitlink:git-config[1]).
+be updated.  (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
++
+With `--prune` option, prune all the remotes that are updated.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
@@ -72,7 +134,7 @@ DISCUSSION
 
 The remote configuration is achieved using the `remote.origin.url` and
 `remote.origin.fetch` configuration variables.  (See
-gitlink:git-config[1]).
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 Examples
 --------
@@ -84,7 +146,7 @@ $ git remote
 origin
 $ git branch -r
 origin/master
-$ git remote add linux-nfs git://linux-nfs.org/pub/nfs-2.6.git
+$ git remote add linux-nfs git://linux-nfs.org/pub/linux/nfs-2.6.git
 $ git remote
 linux-nfs
 origin
@@ -98,7 +160,7 @@ $ git checkout -b nfs linux-nfs/master
 ...
 ------------
 
-* Imitate 'git clone' but track only selected branches
+* Imitate 'git-clone' but track only selected branches
 +
 ------------
 $ mkdir project.git
@@ -109,11 +171,11 @@ $ git merge origin
 ------------
 
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-fetch[1]
-gitlink:git-branch[1]
-gitlink:git-config[1]
+linkgit:git-fetch[1]
+linkgit:git-branch[1]
+linkgit:git-config[1]
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -127,5 +189,4 @@ Documentation by J. Bruce Fields and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index d39abc126d..c9257a10c9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ git-repack - Pack unpacked objects in a repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-repack' [-a] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q] [--window=N] [--depth=N]
+'git repack' [-a] [-A] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q] [--window=N] [--depth=N]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 This script is used to combine all objects that do not currently
-reside in a "pack", into a pack.
+reside in a "pack", into a pack.  It can also be used to re-organize
+existing packs into a single, more efficient pack.
 
 A pack is a collection of objects, individually compressed, with
 delta compression applied, stored in a single file, with an
@@ -28,34 +29,55 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -a::
 	Instead of incrementally packing the unpacked objects,
-	pack everything available into a single pack.
+	pack everything referenced into a single pack.
 	Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
-	for private development and there is no need to worry
-	about people fetching via dumb file transfer protocols
-	from it.  Use with '-d'.
+	for private development. Use
+	with '-d'.  This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
+	leaves behind, but `git fsck --full` shows as
+	dangling.
++
+Note that users fetching over dumb protocols will have to fetch the
+whole new pack in order to get any contained object, no matter how many
+other objects in that pack they already have locally.
+
+-A::
+	Same as `-a`, unless '-d' is used.  Then any unreachable
+	objects in a previous pack become loose, unpacked objects,
+	instead of being left in the old pack.  Unreachable objects
+	are never intentionally added to a pack, even when repacking.
+	This option prevents unreachable objects from being immediately
+	deleted by way of being left in the old pack and then
+	removed.  Instead, the loose unreachable objects
+	will be pruned according to normal expiry rules
+	with the next 'git-gc' invocation. See linkgit:git-gc[1].
 
 -d::
 	After packing, if the newly created packs make some
 	existing packs redundant, remove the redundant packs.
-	Also runs gitlink:git-prune-packed[1].
+	Also run  'git-prune-packed' to remove redundant
+	loose object files.
 
 -l::
-        Pass the `--local` option to `git pack-objects`, see
-        gitlink:git-pack-objects[1].
+	Pass the `--local` option to 'git-pack-objects'. See
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
 -f::
-        Pass the `--no-reuse-delta` option to `git pack-objects`, see
-        gitlink:git-pack-objects[1].
+	Pass the `--no-reuse-object` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
 -q::
-        Pass the `-q` option to `git pack-objects`, see
-        gitlink:git-pack-objects[1].
+	Pass the `-q` option to 'git-pack-objects'. See
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
 -n::
-        Do not update the server information with
-        `git update-server-info`.
-
---window=[N], --depth=[N]::
+	Do not update the server information with
+	'git-update-server-info'.  This option skips
+	updating local catalog files needed to publish
+	this repository (or a direct copy of it)
+	over HTTP or FTP.  See linkgit:git-update-server-info[1].
+
+--window=[N]::
+--depth=[N]::
 	These two options affect how the objects contained in the pack are
 	stored using delta compression. The objects are first internally
 	sorted by type, size and optionally names and compared against the
@@ -63,7 +85,23 @@ OPTIONS
 	space. `--depth` limits the maximum delta depth; making it too deep
 	affects the performance on the unpacker side, because delta data needs
 	to be applied that many times to get to the necessary object.
-	The default value for both --window and --depth is 10.
+	The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.
+
+--window-memory=[N]::
+	This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
+	the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
+	up more than N bytes in memory.  This is useful in
+	repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
+	out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
+	advantage of the large window for the smaller objects.  The
+	size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
+	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited, which is the
+	default.
+
+--max-pack-size=<n>::
+	Maximum size of each output packfile, expressed in MiB.
+	If specified,  multiple packfiles may be created.
+	The default is unlimited.
 
 
 Configuration
@@ -71,7 +109,7 @@ Configuration
 
 When configuration variable `repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset` is set
 for the repository, the command passes `--delta-base-offset`
-option to `git-pack-objects`; this typically results in slightly
+option to 'git-pack-objects'; this typically results in slightly
 smaller packs, but the generated packs are incompatible with
 versions of git older than (and including) v1.4.3; do not set
 the variable in a repository that older version of git needs to
@@ -88,12 +126,11 @@ Documentation
 --------------
 Documentation by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-pack-objects[1]
-gitlink:git-prune-packed[1]
+linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
+linkgit:git-prune-packed[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt b/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
index 2deba31763..e5bdb5533e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ git-repo-config - Get and set repository or global options
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-repo-config' ...
+'git repo-config' ...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This is a synonym for gitlink:git-config[1].  Please refer to the
+This is a synonym for linkgit:git-config[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
index 478a5fd6b7..19335fddae 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-request-pull - Generates a summary of pending changes
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-request-pull' <start> <url> [<end>]
+'git request-pull' <start> <url> [<end>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	URL to include in the summary.
 
 <end>::
-	Commit to send at; defaults to HEAD.
+	Commit to end at; defaults to HEAD.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com> and Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -36,5 +36,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index 7ff9b05e68..a53c3cd35b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -7,65 +7,65 @@ git-rerere - Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-rerere' [clear|diff|status|gc]
+'git rerere' ['clear'|'diff'|'status'|'gc']
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-In a workflow that employs relatively long lived topic branches,
-the developer sometimes needs to resolve the same conflict over
+In a workflow employing relatively long lived topic branches,
+the developer sometimes needs to resolve the same conflicts over
 and over again until the topic branches are done (either merged
 to the "release" branch, or sent out and accepted upstream).
 
-This command helps this process by recording conflicted
-automerge results and corresponding hand-resolve results on the
-initial manual merge, and later by noticing the same automerge
-results and applying the previously recorded hand resolution.
+This command assists the developer in this process by recording
+conflicted automerge results and corresponding hand resolve results
+on the initial manual merge, and applying previously recorded
+hand resolutions to their corresponding automerge results.
 
 [NOTE]
-You need to create `$GIT_DIR/rr-cache` directory to enable this
-command.
+You need to set the configuration variable rerere.enabled to
+enable this command.
 
 
 COMMANDS
 --------
 
-Normally, git-rerere is run without arguments or user-intervention.
+Normally, 'git-rerere' is run without arguments or user-intervention.
 However, it has several commands that allow it to interact with
 its working state.
 
 'clear'::
 
 This resets the metadata used by rerere if a merge resolution is to be
-is aborted.  Calling gitlink:git-am[1] --skip or gitlink:git-rebase[1]
-[--skip|--abort] will automatically invoke this command.
+aborted.  Calling 'git-am [--skip|--abort]' or 'git-rebase [--skip|--abort]'
+will automatically invoke this command.
 
 'diff'::
 
 This displays diffs for the current state of the resolution.  It is
 useful for tracking what has changed while the user is resolving
 conflicts.  Additional arguments are passed directly to the system
-diff(1) command installed in PATH.
+'diff' command installed in PATH.
 
 'status'::
 
-Like diff, but this only prints the filenames that will be tracked
+Like 'diff', but this only prints the filenames that will be tracked
 for resolutions.
 
 'gc'::
 
-This command is used to prune records of conflicted merge that
-occurred long time ago.  By default, conflicts older than 15
-days that you have not recorded their resolution, and conflicts
-older than 60 days, are pruned.  These are controlled with
+This prunes records of conflicted merges that
+occurred a long time ago.  By default, unresolved conflicts older
+than 15 days and resolved conflicts older than 60
+days are pruned.  These defaults are controlled via the
 `gc.rerereunresolved` and `gc.rerereresolved` configuration
-variables.
+variables respectively.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
-When your topic branch modifies overlapping area that your
+When your topic branch modifies an overlapping area that your
 master branch (or upstream) touched since your topic branch
 forked from it, you may want to test it with the latest master,
 even before your topic branch is ready to be pushed upstream:
@@ -90,15 +90,15 @@ One way to do it is to pull master into the topic branch:
 
 The commits marked with `*` touch the same area in the same
 file; you need to resolve the conflicts when creating the commit
-marked with `+`.  Then you can test the result to make sure your
+marked with `{plus}`.  Then you can test the result to make sure your
 work-in-progress still works with what is in the latest master.
 
 After this test merge, there are two ways to continue your work
 on the topic.  The easiest is to build on top of the test merge
-commit `+`, and when your work in the topic branch is finally
+commit `{plus}`, and when your work in the topic branch is finally
 ready, pull the topic branch into master, and/or ask the
 upstream to pull from you.  By that time, however, the master or
-the upstream might have been advanced since the test merge `+`,
+the upstream might have been advanced since the test merge `{plus}`,
 in which case the final commit graph would look like this:
 
 ------------
@@ -140,46 +140,45 @@ top of the tip before the test merge:
 This would leave only one merge commit when your topic branch is
 finally ready and merged into the master branch.  This merge
 would require you to resolve the conflict, introduced by the
-commits marked with `*`.  However, often this conflict is the
+commits marked with `*`.  However, this conflict is often the
 same conflict you resolved when you created the test merge you
-blew away.  `git-rerere` command helps you to resolve this final
+blew away.  'git-rerere' helps you resolve this final
 conflicted merge using the information from your earlier hand
 resolve.
 
-Running `git-rerere` command immediately after a conflicted
+Running the 'git-rerere' command immediately after a conflicted
 automerge records the conflicted working tree files, with the
 usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
 them.  Later, after you are done resolving the conflicts,
-running `git-rerere` again records the resolved state of these
+running 'git-rerere' again will record the resolved state of these
 files.  Suppose you did this when you created the test merge of
 master into the topic branch.
 
-Next time, running `git-rerere` after seeing a conflicted
-automerge, if the conflict is the same as the earlier one
-recorded, it is noticed and a three-way merge between the
+Next time, after seeing the same conflicted automerge,
+running 'git-rerere' will perform a three-way merge between the
 earlier conflicted automerge, the earlier manual resolution, and
-the current conflicted automerge is performed by the command.
+the current conflicted automerge.
 If this three-way merge resolves cleanly, the result is written
-out to your working tree file, so you would not have to manually
-resolve it.  Note that `git-rerere` leaves the index file alone,
+out to your working tree file, so you do not have to manually
+resolve it.  Note that 'git-rerere' leaves the index file alone,
 so you still need to do the final sanity checks with `git diff`
-(or `git diff -c`) and `git add` when you are satisfied.
+(or `git diff -c`) and 'git-add' when you are satisfied.
 
-As a convenience measure, `git-merge` automatically invokes
-`git-rerere` when it exits with a failed automerge, which
-records it if it is a new conflict, or reuses the earlier hand
-resolve when it is not.  `git-commit` also invokes `git-rerere`
-when recording a merge result.  What this means is that you do
-not have to do anything special yourself (Note: you still have
-to create `$GIT_DIR/rr-cache` directory to enable this command).
+As a convenience measure, 'git-merge' automatically invokes
+'git-rerere' upon exiting with a failed automerge and 'git-rerere'
+records the hand resolve when it is a new conflict, or reuses the earlier hand
+resolve when it is not.  'git-commit' also invokes 'git-rerere'
+when committing a merge result.  What this means is that you do
+not have to do anything special yourself (besides enabling
+the rerere.enabled config variable).
 
-In our example, when you did the test merge, the manual
+In our example, when you do the test merge, the manual
 resolution is recorded, and it will be reused when you do the
-actual merge later with updated master and topic branch, as long
-as the earlier resolution is still applicable.
+actual merge later with the updated master and topic branch, as long
+as the recorded resolution is still applicable.
 
-The information `git-rerere` records is also used when running
-`git-rebase`.  After blowing away the test merge and continuing
+The information 'git-rerere' records is also used when running
+'git-rebase'.  After blowing away the test merge and continuing
 development on the topic branch:
 
 ------------
@@ -194,18 +193,18 @@ development on the topic branch:
     o---o---o---*---o---o---o---o   master
 ------------
 
-you could run `git rebase master topic`, to keep yourself
-up-to-date even before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
-This would result in falling back to three-way merge, and it
-would conflict the same way the test merge you resolved earlier.
-`git-rerere` is run by `git rebase` to help you resolve this
+you could run `git rebase master topic`, to bring yourself
+up-to-date before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
+This would result in falling back to a three-way merge, and it
+would conflict the same way as the test merge you resolved earlier.
+'git-rerere' will be run by 'git-rebase' to help you resolve this
 conflict.
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index 5b55cda512..abb25d1c00 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [<commit>]
-'git-reset' [--mixed] <commit> [--] <paths>...
+'git reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge] [-q] [<commit>]
+'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ commit (or set of commits) and want to redo that part without showing
 the undo in the history.
 
 If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
-gitlink:git-revert[1] is your friend.
+linkgit:git-revert[1] is your friend.
 
 The second form with 'paths' is used to revert selected paths in
 the index from a given commit, without moving HEAD.
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --soft::
 	Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but
 	requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed
-	files "Added but not yet committed", as gitlink:git-status[1] would
+	files "Changes to be committed", as 'git-status' would
 	put it.
 
 --hard::
@@ -45,8 +45,16 @@ OPTIONS
 	switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree
 	since <commit> are lost.
 
+--merge::
+	Resets the index to match the tree recorded by the named commit,
+	and updates the files that are different between the named commit
+	and the current commit in the working tree.
+
+-q::
+	Be quiet, only report errors.
+
 <commit>::
-	Commit to make the current HEAD.
+	Commit to make the current HEAD. If not given defaults to HEAD.
 
 Examples
 --------
@@ -63,10 +71,12 @@ $ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD  <3>
 <1> This is most often done when you remembered what you
 just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit
 message, or both.  Leaves working tree as it was before "reset".
-<2> make corrections to working tree files.
+<2> Make corrections to working tree files.
 <3> "reset" copies the old head to .git/ORIG_HEAD; redo the
 commit by starting with its log message.  If you do not need to
 edit the message further, you can give -C option instead.
++
+See also the --amend option to linkgit:git-commit[1].
 
 Undo commits permanently::
 +
@@ -77,7 +87,9 @@ $ git reset --hard HEAD~3   <1>
 +
 <1> The last three commits (HEAD, HEAD^, and HEAD~2) were bad
 and you do not want to ever see them again.  Do *not* do this if
-you have already given these commits to somebody else.
+you have already given these commits to somebody else.  (See the
+"RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1] for
+the implications of doing so.)
 
 Undo a commit, making it a topic branch::
 +
@@ -104,17 +116,17 @@ $ git reset                                <3>
 $ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol  <4>
 ------------
 +
-<1> you are happily working on something, and find the changes
+<1> You are happily working on something, and find the changes
 in these files are in good order.  You do not want to see them
 when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files
 and changes with these files are distracting.
-<2> somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
-<3> however, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
+<2> Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
+<3> However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
 not match the HEAD commit).  But you know the pull you are going
 to make does not affect frotz.c nor filfre.c, so you revert the
 index changes for these two files.  Your changes in working tree
 remain there.
-<4> then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c
+<4> Then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c
 changes still in the working tree.
 
 Undo a merge or pull::
@@ -123,7 +135,7 @@ Undo a merge or pull::
 $ git pull                         <1>
 Auto-merging nitfol
 CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol
-Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand
+Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
 $ git reset --hard                 <2>
 $ git pull . topic/branch          <3>
 Updating from 41223... to 13134...
@@ -131,20 +143,42 @@ Fast forward
 $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD       <4>
 ------------
 +
-<1> try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of
+<1> Try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of
 conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging
 right now, so you decide to do that later.
 <2> "pull" has not made merge commit, so "git reset --hard"
 which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess
 from the index file and the working tree.
-<3> merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
+<3> Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
 in a fast forward.
-<4> but you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
+<4> But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
 consumption yet.  "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original
 tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it
 brings your index file and the working tree back to that state,
 and resets the tip of the branch to that commit.
 
+Undo a merge or pull inside a dirty work tree::
++
+------------
+$ git pull                         <1>
+Auto-merging nitfol
+Merge made by recursive.
+ nitfol                |   20 +++++----
+ ...
+$ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD      <2>
+------------
++
+<1> Even if you may have local modifications in your
+working tree, you can safely say "git pull" when you know
+that the change in the other branch does not overlap with
+them.
+<2> After inspecting the result of the merge, you may find
+that the change in the other branch is unsatisfactory.  Running
+"git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD" will let you go back to where you
+were, but it will discard your local changes, which you do not
+want.  "git reset --merge" keeps your local changes.
+
+
 Interrupted workflow::
 +
 Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you
@@ -155,7 +189,7 @@ need to get to the other branch for a quick bugfix.
 ------------
 $ git checkout feature ;# you were working in "feature" branch and
 $ work work work       ;# got interrupted
-$ git commit -a -m 'snapshot WIP'                 <1>
+$ git commit -a -m "snapshot WIP"                 <1>
 $ git checkout master
 $ fix fix fix
 $ git commit ;# commit with real log
@@ -170,10 +204,29 @@ $ git reset                                       <3>
 <3> At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you
     committed as 'snapshot WIP'.  This updates the index to show your
     WIP files as uncommitted.
++
+See also linkgit:git-stash[1].
+
+Reset a single file in the index::
++
+Suppose you have added a file to your index, but later decide you do not
+want to add it to your commit. You can remove the file from the index
+while keeping your changes with git reset.
++
+------------
+$ git reset -- frotz.c                      <1>
+$ git commit -m "Commit files in index"     <2>
+$ git add frotz.c                           <3>
+------------
++
+<1> This removes the file from the index while keeping it in the working
+    directory.
+<2> This commits all other changes in the index.
+<3> Adds the file to the index again.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -181,4 +234,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index 12b71ed0bb..a765cfa4d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -14,23 +14,38 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [ \--max-age=timestamp ]
 	     [ \--min-age=timestamp ]
 	     [ \--sparse ]
+	     [ \--merges ]
 	     [ \--no-merges ]
+	     [ \--first-parent ]
 	     [ \--remove-empty ]
+	     [ \--full-history ]
 	     [ \--not ]
 	     [ \--all ]
+	     [ \--branches ]
+	     [ \--tags ]
+	     [ \--remotes ]
 	     [ \--stdin ]
+	     [ \--quiet ]
 	     [ \--topo-order ]
 	     [ \--parents ]
+	     [ \--timestamp ]
 	     [ \--left-right ]
+	     [ \--cherry-pick ]
 	     [ \--encoding[=<encoding>] ]
 	     [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
+	     [ \--regexp-ignore-case | -i ]
+	     [ \--extended-regexp | -E ]
+	     [ \--fixed-strings | -F ]
+	     [ \--date={local|relative|default|iso|rfc|short} ]
 	     [ [\--objects | \--objects-edge] [ \--unpacked ] ]
 	     [ \--pretty | \--header ]
 	     [ \--bisect ]
 	     [ \--bisect-vars ]
+	     [ \--bisect-all ]
 	     [ \--merge ]
 	     [ \--reverse ]
 	     [ \--walk-reflogs ]
+	     [ \--no-walk ] [ \--do-walk ]
 	     <commit>... [ \-- <paths>... ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -45,7 +60,7 @@ stop at that point. Their parents are implied. Thus the following
 command:
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git-rev-list foo bar ^baz
+	$ git rev-list foo bar ^baz
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 means "list all the commits which are included in 'foo' and 'bar', but
@@ -56,8 +71,8 @@ short-hand for "{caret}'<commit1>' '<commit2>'". For example, either of
 the following may be used interchangeably:
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git-rev-list origin..HEAD
-	$ git-rev-list HEAD ^origin
+	$ git rev-list origin..HEAD
+	$ git rev-list HEAD ^origin
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Another special notation is "'<commit1>'...'<commit2>'" which is useful
@@ -65,280 +80,24 @@ for merges.  The resulting set of commits is the symmetric difference
 between the two operands.  The following two commands are equivalent:
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git-rev-list A B --not $(git-merge-base --all A B)
-	$ git-rev-list A...B
+	$ git rev-list A B --not $(git merge-base --all A B)
+	$ git rev-list A...B
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-gitlink:git-rev-list[1] is a very essential git program, since it
+'git-rev-list' is a very essential git program, since it
 provides the ability to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For
 this reason, it has a lot of different options that enables it to be
-used by commands as different as gitlink:git-bisect[1] and
-gitlink:git-repack[1].
+used by commands as different as 'git-bisect' and
+'git-repack'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-Commit Formatting
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Using these options, gitlink:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
-more specialized family of commit log tools: gitlink:git-log[1],
-gitlink:git-show[1], and gitlink:git-whatchanged[1]
+:git-rev-list: 1
+include::rev-list-options.txt[]
 
 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 
---relative-date::
-
-	Show dates relative to the current time, e.g. "2 hours ago".
-	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
-	as when using "--pretty".
-
---header::
-
-	Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
-	separated with a NUL character.
-
---parents::
-
-	Print the parents of the commit.
-
---left-right::
-
-	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
-	Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from
-	the right with `>`.  If combined with `--boundary`, those
-	commits are prefixed with `-`.
-+
-For example, if you have this topology:
-+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-             y---b---b  branch B
-            / \ /
-           /   .
-          /   / \
-         o---x---a---a  branch A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-+
-you would get an output line this:
-+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git rev-list --left-right --boundary --pretty=oneline A...B
-
-	>bbbbbbb... 3rd on b
-	>bbbbbbb... 2nd on b
-	<aaaaaaa... 3rd on a
-	<aaaaaaa... 2nd on a
-	-yyyyyyy... 1st on b
-	-xxxxxxx... 1st on a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Diff Formatting
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
-Some of them are specific to gitlink:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
-options may be given. See gitlink:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
-
--c::
-
-	This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed.  It shows
-	the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
-	simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
-	and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
-	which were modified from all parents.
-
---cc::
-
-	This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
-	patch output by omitting hunks that show differences from only
-	one parent, or show the same change from all but one parent for
-	an Octopus merge.
-
--r::
-
-	Show recursive diffs.
-
--t::
-
-	Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
-
-Commit Limiting
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
-special notations explained in the description, additional commit
-limiting may be applied.
-
---
-
--n 'number', --max-count='number'::
-
-	Limit the number of commits output.
-
---skip='number'::
-
-	Skip 'number' commits before starting to show the commit output.
-
---since='date', --after='date'::
-
-	Show commits more recent than a specific date.
-
---until='date', --before='date'::
-
-	Show commits older than a specific date.
-
---max-age='timestamp', --min-age='timestamp'::
-
-	Limit the commits output to specified time range.
-
---author='pattern', --committer='pattern'::
-
-	Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
-	header lines that match the specified pattern.
-
---grep='pattern'::
-
-	Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
-	matches the specified pattern.
-
---remove-empty::
-
-	Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
-
---no-merges::
-
-	Do not print commits with more than one parent.
-
---not::
-
-	Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
-	for all following revision specifiers, up to the next '--not'.
-
---all::
-
-	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/` are listed on the
-	command line as '<commit>'.
-
---stdin::
-
-	In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
-	line, read them from the standard input.
-
--g, --walk-reflogs::
-
-	Instead of walking the commit ancestry chain, walk
-	reflog entries from the most recent one to older ones.
-	When this option is used you cannot specify commits to
-	exclude (that is, '{caret}commit', 'commit1..commit2',
-	nor 'commit1...commit2' notations cannot be used).
-+
-With '\--pretty' format other than oneline (for obvious reasons),
-this causes the output to have two extra lines of information
-taken from the reflog.  By default, 'commit@{Nth}' notation is
-used in the output.  When the starting commit is specified as
-'commit@{now}', output also uses 'commit@{timestamp}' notation
-instead.  Under '\--pretty=oneline', the commit message is
-prefixed with this information on the same line.
-
---merge::
-
-	After a failed merge, show refs that touch files having a
-	conflict and don't exist on all heads to merge.
-
---boundary::
-
-	Output uninteresting commits at the boundary, which are usually
-	not shown.
-
---dense, --sparse::
-
-When optional paths are given, the default behaviour ('--dense') is to
-only output commits that changes at least one of them, and also ignore
-merges that do not touch the given paths.
-
-Use the '--sparse' flag to makes the command output all eligible commits
-(still subject to count and age limitation), but apply merge
-simplification nevertheless.
-
---bisect::
-
-Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway between
-the included and excluded commits. Thus, if
-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git-rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-outputs 'midpoint', the output of the two commands
-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git-rev-list foo ^midpoint
-	$ git-rev-list midpoint ^bar ^baz
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-would be of roughly the same length.  Finding the change which
-introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
-generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain is of length
-one.
-
---bisect-vars::
-
-This calculates the same as `--bisect`, but outputs text ready
-to be eval'ed by the shell. These lines will assign the name of
-the midpoint revision to the variable `bisect_rev`, and the
-expected number of commits to be tested after `bisect_rev` is
-tested to `bisect_nr`, the expected number of commits to be
-tested if `bisect_rev` turns out to be good to `bisect_good`,
-the expected number of commits to be tested if `bisect_rev`
-turns out to be bad to `bisect_bad`, and the number of commits
-we are bisecting right now to `bisect_all`.
-
---
-
-Commit Ordering
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.
-
---topo-order::
-
-	This option makes them appear in topological order (i.e.
-	descendant commits are shown before their parents).
-
---date-order::
-
-	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
-	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise things
-	are still ordered in the commit timestamp order.
-
---reverse::
-
-	Output the commits in reverse order.
-
-Object Traversal
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-These options are mostly targeted for packing of git repositories.
-
---objects::
-
-	Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed
-	commits.  'git-rev-list --objects foo ^bar' thus means "send me
-	all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
-	object 'bar', but not 'foo'".
-
---objects-edge::
-
-	Similar to '--objects', but also print the IDs of excluded
-	commits prefixed with a "-" character.  This is used by
-	gitlink:git-pack-objects[1] to build "thin" pack, which records
-	objects in deltified form based on objects contained in these
-	excluded commits to reduce network traffic.
-
---unpacked::
-
-	Only useful with '--objects'; print the object IDs that are not
-	in packs.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -351,4 +110,4 @@ and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index a8bf6561e1..82045a2522 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -8,28 +8,45 @@ git-rev-parse - Pick out and massage parameters
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
+'git rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
 (i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
-meant for underlying `git-rev-list` command they use internally
-and flags and parameters for other commands they use as the
-downstream of `git-rev-list`.  This command is used to
+meant for the underlying 'git-rev-list' command they use internally
+and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
+downstream of 'git-rev-list'.  This command is used to
 distinguish between them.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+--parseopt::
+	Use 'git-rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
+
+--keep-dashdash::
+	Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
+	out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
+
+--stop-at-non-option::
+	Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode.  Lets the option parser stop at
+	the first non-option argument.  This can be used to parse sub-commands
+	that take options themself.
+
+--sq-quote::
+	Use 'git-rev-parse' in shell quoting mode (see SQ-QUOTE
+	section below). In contrast to the `--sq` option below, this
+	mode does only quoting. Nothing else is done to command input.
+
 --revs-only::
 	Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
-	`git-rev-list` command.
+	'git-rev-list' command.
 
 --no-revs::
 	Do not output flags and parameters meant for
-	`git-rev-list` command.
+	'git-rev-list' command.
 
 --flags::
 	Do not output non-flag parameters.
@@ -45,13 +62,20 @@ OPTIONS
 	The parameter given must be usable as a single, valid
 	object name.  Otherwise barf and abort.
 
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Only meaningful in `--verify` mode. Do not output an error
+	message if the first argument is not a valid object name;
+	instead exit with non-zero status silently.
+
 --sq::
 	Usually the output is made one line per flag and
 	parameter.  This option makes output a single line,
 	properly quoted for consumption by shell.  Useful when
 	you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
 	newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
-	`git-diff-\*`).
+	'git-diff-\*'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
+	the command input is still interpreted as usual.
 
 --not::
 	When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
@@ -63,6 +87,18 @@ OPTIONS
 	possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
 	form as close to the original input as possible.
 
+--symbolic-full-name::
+	This is similar to \--symbolic, but it omits input that
+	are not refs (i.e. branch or tag names; or more
+	explicitly disambiguating "heads/master" form, when you
+	want to name the "master" branch when there is an
+	unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
+	refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
+
+--abbrev-ref[={strict|loose}]::
+	A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
+	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
+	abbreviation mode.
 
 --all::
 	Show all refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs`.
@@ -89,18 +125,32 @@ OPTIONS
 --git-dir::
 	Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined else show the path to the .git directory.
 
---short, --short=number::
+--is-inside-git-dir::
+	When the current working directory is below the repository
+	directory print "true", otherwise "false".
+
+--is-inside-work-tree::
+	When the current working directory is inside the work tree of the
+	repository print "true", otherwise "false".
+
+--is-bare-repository::
+	When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
+
+--short::
+--short=number::
 	Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
 	abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
 	7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
 
---since=datestring, --after=datestring::
-	Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
-	--max-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
+--since=datestring::
+--after=datestring::
+	Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
+	--max-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
 
---until=datestring, --before=datestring::
-	Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
-	--min-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
+--until=datestring::
+--before=datestring::
+	Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
+	--min-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
 
 <args>...::
 	Flags and parameters to be parsed.
@@ -121,8 +171,9 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   name the same commit object if there are no other object in
   your repository whose object name starts with dae86e.
 
-* An output from `git-describe`; i.e. a closest tag, followed by a
-  dash, a `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
+* An output from 'git-describe'; i.e. a closest tag, optionally
+  followed by a dash and a number of commits, followed by a dash, a
+  `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
 
 * A symbolic ref name.  E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
   object referenced by $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master.  If you
@@ -132,7 +183,7 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   first match in the following rules:
 
   . if `$GIT_DIR/<name>` exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
-    useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
+    useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
 
   . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/<name>` if exists;
 
@@ -143,6 +194,16 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>` if exists;
 
   . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` if exists.
++
+HEAD names the commit your changes in the working tree is based on.
+FETCH_HEAD records the branch you fetched from a remote repository
+with your last 'git-fetch' invocation.
+ORIG_HEAD is created by commands that moves your HEAD in a drastic
+way, to record the position of the HEAD before their operation, so that
+you can change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
+them easily.
+MERGE_HEAD records the commit(s) you are merging into your branch
+when you run 'git-merge'.
 
 * A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
   enclosed in a brace
@@ -150,7 +211,10 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value
   of the ref at a prior point in time.  This suffix may only be
   used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
-  existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>).
+  existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). Note that this looks up the state
+  of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
+  `master` branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
+  certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
 
 * A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
   enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') to specify
@@ -164,6 +228,9 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the
   branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
 
+* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
+  before the current one.
+
 * A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
   that commit object.  '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
   'rev{caret}'
@@ -204,22 +271,27 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
 * A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a
   colon, followed by a path; this names a blob object in the
   index at the given path.  Missing stage number (and the colon
-  that follows it) names an stage 0 entry.
+  that follows it) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
+  1 is the common ancestor, stage 2 is the target branch's version
+  (typically the current branch), and stage 3 is the version from
+  the branch being merged.
 
-Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger.  Both node B and C are
-a commit parents of commit node A.  Parent commits are ordered
+Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger.  Both commit nodes B
+and C are parents of commit node A.  Parent commits are ordered
 left-to-right.
 
-    G   H   I   J
-     \ /     \ /
-      D   E   F
-       \  |  / \
-        \ | /   |
-         \|/    |
-          B     C
-           \   /
-            \ /
-             A
+........................................
+G   H   I   J
+ \ /     \ /
+  D   E   F
+   \  |  / \
+    \ | /   |
+     \|/    |
+      B     C
+       \   /
+        \ /
+         A
+........................................
 
     A =      = A^0
     B = A^   = A^1     = A~1
@@ -236,34 +308,34 @@ left-to-right.
 SPECIFYING RANGES
 -----------------
 
-History traversing commands such as `git-log` operate on a set
+History traversing commands such as 'git-log' operate on a set
 of commits, not just a single commit.  To these commands,
 specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
 previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
 commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
 
 To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
-notation is used.  E.g. "`{caret}r1 r2`" means commits reachable
+notation is used.  E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable
 from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
 
 This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
-for it.  "`r1..r2`" is equivalent to "`{caret}r1 r2`".  It is
-the difference of two sets (subtract the set of commits
-reachable from `r1` from the set of commits reachable from
-`r2`).
+for it.  When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according
+to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
+for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
+from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`.
 
-A similar notation "`r1\...r2`" is called symmetric difference
+A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference
 of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
-"`r1 r2 --not $(git-merge-base --all r1 r2)`".
-It it the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
+`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`.
+It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
 `r1` or `r2` but not from both.
 
 Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
-and its parent commits exists.  `r1{caret}@` notation means all
+and its parent commits exist.  The `r1{caret}@` notation means all
 parents of `r1`.  `r1{caret}!` includes commit `r1` but excludes
-its all parents.
+all of its parents.
 
-Here are a handful examples:
+Here are a handful of examples:
 
    D                G H D
    D F              G H I J D F
@@ -274,10 +346,134 @@ Here are a handful examples:
    C^@              I J F
    F^! D            G H D F
 
+PARSEOPT
+--------
+
+In `--parseopt` mode, 'git-rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
+scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
+(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
+
+It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
+understand, and echoes on the standard output a line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
+to replace the arguments with normalized ones.  In case of error, it outputs
+usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
+
+Input Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+'git-rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
+separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
+(should be more than one) are used for the usage.
+The lines after the separator describe the options.
+
+Each line of options has this format:
+
+------------
+<opt_spec><flags>* SP+ help LF
+------------
+
+`<opt_spec>`::
+	its format is the short option character, then the long option name
+	separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
+	is necessary. `h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are all three correct
+	`<opt_spec>`.
+
+`<flags>`::
+	`<flags>` are of `*`, `=`, `?` or `!`.
+	* Use `=` if the option takes an argument.
+
+	* Use `?` to mean that the option is optional (though its use is discouraged).
+
+	* Use `*` to mean that this option should not be listed in the usage
+	  generated for the `-h` argument. It's shown for `--help-all` as
+	  documented in linkgit:gitcli[7].
+
+	* Use `!` to not make the corresponding negated long option available.
+
+The remainder of the line, after stripping the spaces, is used
+as the help associated to the option.
+
+Blank lines are ignored, and lines that don't match this specification are used
+as option group headers (start the line with a space to create such
+lines on purpose).
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+OPTS_SPEC="\
+some-command [options] <args>...
+
+some-command does foo and bar!
+--
+h,help    show the help
+
+foo       some nifty option --foo
+bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
+
+  An option group Header
+C?        option C with an optional argument"
+
+eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
+------------
+
+SQ-QUOTE
+--------
+
+In `--sq-quote` mode, 'git-rev-parse' echoes on the standard output a
+single line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`. This line is made by
+normalizing the arguments following `--sq-quote`. Nothing other than
+quoting the arguments is done.
+
+If you want command input to still be interpreted as usual by
+'git-rev-parse' before the output is shell quoted, see the `--sq`
+option.
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+$ cat >your-git-script.sh <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")   # quote user-supplied arguments
+command="git frotz -n24 $args"          # and use it inside a handcrafted
+					# command line
+eval "$command"
+EOF
+
+$ sh your-git-script.sh "a b'c"
+------------
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Print the object name of the current commit:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
+------------
+
+* Print the commit object name from the revision in the $REV shell variable:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --verify $REV
+------------
++
+This will error out if $REV is empty or not a valid revision.
+
+* Same as above:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --default master --verify $REV
+------------
++
+but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
+
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -285,5 +481,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index 8081bbaffa..5e1175800a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-revert - Revert an existing commit
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-revert' [--edit | --no-edit] [-n] <commit>
+'git revert' [--edit | --no-edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] <commit>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -15,39 +15,70 @@ Given one existing commit, revert the change the patch introduces, and record a
 new commit that records it.  This requires your working tree to be clean (no
 modifications from the HEAD commit).
 
+Note: 'git revert' is used to record a new commit to reverse the
+effect of an earlier commit (often a faulty one).  If you want to
+throw away all uncommitted changes in your working directory, you
+should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the '--hard' option.  If
+you want to extract specific files as they were in another commit, you
+should see linkgit:git-checkout[1], specifically the 'git checkout
+<commit> -- <filename>' syntax.  Take care with these alternatives as
+both will discard uncommitted changes in your working directory.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <commit>::
 	Commit to revert.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell commit names, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
--e|--edit::
-	With this option, `git-revert` will let you edit the commit
-	message prior committing the revert. This is the default if
+-e::
+--edit::
+	With this option, 'git-revert' will let you edit the commit
+	message prior to committing the revert. This is the default if
 	you run the command from a terminal.
 
+-m parent-number::
+--mainline parent-number::
+	Usually you cannot revert a merge because you do not know which
+	side of the merge should be considered the mainline.  This
+	option specifies the parent number (starting from 1) of
+	the mainline and allows revert to reverse the change
+	relative to the specified parent.
++
+Reverting a merge commit declares that you will never want the tree changes
+brought in by the merge.  As a result, later merges will only bring in tree
+changes introduced by commits that are not ancestors of the previously
+reverted merge.  This may or may not be what you want.
++
+See the link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for
+more details.
+
 --no-edit::
-	With this option, `git-revert` will not start the commit
+	With this option, 'git-revert' will not start the commit
 	message editor.
 
--n|--no-commit::
+-n::
+--no-commit::
 	Usually the command automatically creates a commit with
-	a commit log message stating which commit was reverted.
-	This flag applies the change necessary to revert the
-	named commit to your working tree, but does not make the
-	commit.  In addition, when this option is used, your
-	working tree does not have to match the HEAD commit.
-	The revert is done against the beginning state of your
-	working tree.
+	a commit log message stating which commit was
+	reverted.  This flag applies the change necessary
+	to revert the named commit to your working tree
+	and the index, but does not make the commit.  In addition,
+	when this option is used, your index does not have to match
+	the HEAD commit.  The revert is done against the
+	beginning state of your index.
 +
 This is useful when reverting more than one commits'
-effect to your working tree in a row.
+effect to your index in a row.
+
+-s::
+--signoff::
+	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
 
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -55,5 +86,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index 6feebc0400..5afb1e7428 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -7,31 +7,43 @@ git-rm - Remove files from the working tree and from the index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-rm' [-f] [-n] [-r] [--cached] [--] <file>...
+'git rm' [-f | --force] [-n] [-r] [--cached] [--ignore-unmatch] [--quiet] [--] <file>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Remove files from the working tree and from the index.  The
-files have to be identical to the tip of the branch, and no
-updates to its contents must have been placed in the staging
-area (aka index).
+Remove files from the index, or from the working tree and the index.
+'git-rm' will not remove a file from just your working directory.
+(There is no option to remove a file only from the work tree
+and yet keep it in the index; use `/bin/rm` if you want to do that.)
+The files being removed have to be identical to the tip of the branch,
+and no updates to their contents can be staged in the index,
+though that default behavior can be overridden with the `-f` option.
+When '--cached' is given, the staged content has to
+match either the tip of the branch or the file on disk,
+allowing the file to be removed from just the index.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <file>...::
 	Files to remove.  Fileglobs (e.g. `*.c`) can be given to
-	remove all matching files.  Also a leading directory name
-	(e.g. `dir` to add `dir/file1` and `dir/file2`) can be
-	given to remove all files in the directory, recursively,
-	but this requires `-r` option to be given for safety.
+	remove all matching files.  If you want git to expand
+	file glob characters, you may need to shell-escape them.
+	A leading directory name
+	(e.g. `dir` to remove `dir/file1` and `dir/file2`) can be
+	given to remove all files in the directory, and recursively
+	all sub-directories,
+	but this requires the `-r` option to be explicitly given.
 
 -f::
+--force::
 	Override the up-to-date check.
 
 -n::
-        Don't actually remove the file(s), just show if they exist in
-        the index.
+--dry-run::
+	Don't actually remove any file(s).  Instead, just show
+	if they exist in the index and would otherwise be removed
+	by the command.
 
 -r::
         Allow recursive removal when a leading directory name is
@@ -42,40 +54,51 @@ OPTIONS
 	the list of files, (useful when filenames might be mistaken
 	for command-line options).
 
-\--cached::
-	This option can be used to tell the command to remove
-	the paths only from the index, leaving working tree
-	files.
+--cached::
+	Use this option to unstage and remove paths only from the index.
+	Working tree files, whether modified or not, will be
+	left alone.
+
+--ignore-unmatch::
+	Exit with a zero status even if no files matched.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	'git-rm' normally outputs one line (in the form of an "rm" command)
+	for each file removed. This option suppresses that output.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
-The list of <file> given to the command can be exact pathnames,
-file glob patterns, or leading directory name.  The command
-removes only the paths that is known to git.  Giving the name of
+The <file> list given to the command can be exact pathnames,
+file glob patterns, or leading directory names.  The command
+removes only the paths that are known to git.  Giving the name of
 a file that you have not told git about does not remove that file.
 
+File globbing matches across directory boundaries.  Thus, given
+two directories `d` and `d2`, there is a difference between
+using `git rm \'d\*\'` and `git rm \'d/\*\'`, as the former will
+also remove all of directory `d2`.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
-git-rm Documentation/\\*.txt::
+git rm Documentation/\\*.txt::
 	Removes all `\*.txt` files from the index that are under the
 	`Documentation` directory and any of its subdirectories.
 +
 Note that the asterisk `\*` is quoted from the shell in this
-example; this lets the command include the files from
-subdirectories of `Documentation/` directory.
+example; this lets git, and not the shell, expand the pathnames
+of files and subdirectories under the `Documentation/` directory.
 
-git-rm -f git-*.sh::
-	Remove all git-*.sh scripts that are in the index.
+git rm -f git-*.sh::
 	Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk
 	(i.e. you are listing the files explicitly), it
 	does not remove `subdir/git-foo.sh`.
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-add[1]
+linkgit:git-add[1]
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -87,5 +110,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-runstatus.txt b/Documentation/git-runstatus.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8bb52f4687..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-runstatus.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-git-runstatus(1)
-================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-runstatus - A helper for git-status and git-commit
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-runstatus' [--color|--nocolor] [--amend] [--verbose] [--untracked]
-
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Examines paths in the working tree that has changes unrecorded
-to the index file, and changes between the index file and the
-current HEAD commit.  The former paths are what you _could_
-commit by running 'git add' (or 'git rm' if you are deleting) before running 'git
-commit', and the latter paths are what you _would_ commit by
-running 'git commit'.
-
-If there is no path that is different between the index file and
-the current HEAD commit, the command exits with non-zero status.
-
-Note that this is _not_ the user level command you would want to
-run from the command line.  Use 'git-status' instead.
-
-
-OPTIONS
--------
---color::
-	Show colored status, highlighting modified file names.
-
---nocolor::
-	Turn off coloring.
-
---amend::
-	Show status based on HEAD^1, not HEAD, i.e. show what
-	'git-commit --amend' would do.
-
---verbose::
-	Show unified diff of all file changes.
-
---untracked::
-	Show files in untracked directories, too.  Without this
-	option only its name and a trailing slash are displayed
-	for each untracked directory.
-
-
-OUTPUT
-------
-The output from this command is designed to be used as a commit
-template comments, and all the output lines are prefixed with '#'.
-
-
-Author
-------
-Originally written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> as part
-of git-commit, and later rewritten in C by Jeff King.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index 682313e95d..d6b192b7b9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -8,110 +8,295 @@ git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-send-email' [options] <file|directory> [... file|directory]
-
+'git send-email' [options] <file|directory|rev-list options>...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
+Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
+files in the directory), or directly as a revision list.  In the
+last case, any format accepted by linkgit:git-format-patch[1] can
+be passed to git send-email.
 
 The header of the email is configurable by command line options.  If not
 specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
 enabled interface to provide the necessary information.
 
+There are two formats accepted for patch files:
+
+1. mbox format files
++
+This is what linkgit:git-format-patch[1] generates.  Most headers and MIME
+formatting are ignored.
+
+2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's 'send_lots_of_email.pl'
+script
++
+This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value
+and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
-The options available are:
 
---bcc::
-	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email.
+Composing
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+--annotate::
+	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. See the
+	CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
+
+--bcc=<address>::
+	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
+	'sendemail.bcc'.
 +
 The --bcc option must be repeated for each user you want on the bcc list.
 
---cc::
+--cc=<address>::
 	Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
+	Default is the value of 'sendemail.cc'.
 +
 The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
 
---chain-reply-to, --no-chain-reply-to::
-	If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
-	email sent.  If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
-	the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent.  When using
-	this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
-	entire patch series.
-	Default is the value of the 'sendemail.chainreplyto' configuration
-	value; if that is unspecified, default to --chain-reply-to.
-
 --compose::
-	Use $EDITOR to edit an introductory message for the
-	patch series.
+	Use $GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, $VISUAL, or $EDITOR to edit an
+	introductory message for the patch series.
++
+When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
+In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
+(what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
+(or GIT: prefixed) lines the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
+and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
++
+Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
++
+See the CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
 
---from::
-	Specify the sender of the emails.  This will default to
-	the value GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT, as returned by "git-var -l".
-	The user will still be prompted to confirm this entry.
+--from=<address>::
+	Specify the sender of the emails.  If not specified on the command line,
+	the value of the 'sendemail.from' configuration option is used.  If
+	neither the command line option nor 'sendemail.from' are set, then the
+	user will be prompted for the value.  The default for the prompt will be
+	the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
+	set, as returned by "git var -l".
 
---in-reply-to::
+--in-reply-to=<identifier>::
 	Specify the contents of the first In-Reply-To header.
-	Subsequent emails will refer to the previous email 
+	Subsequent emails will refer to the previous email
 	instead of this if --chain-reply-to is set (the default)
 	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
---no-signed-off-by-cc::
-	Do not add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
-	cc list.
+--subject=<string>::
+	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
+	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
+	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
---quiet::
-	Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
-	all that is output.
+--to=<address>::
+	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
+	will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
+	value of the 'sendemail.to' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+	this will be prompted for.
++
+The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.
+
+
+Sending
+~~~~~~~
 
---smtp-server::
-	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use.  A full
-	pathname of a sendmail-like program can be specified instead;
+--envelope-sender=<address>::
+	Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
+	This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
+	subscribed to a list. If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
+	suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of
+	the 'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
+	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
+
+--smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
+	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
+	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
+	'sendemail.smtpencryption'.
+
+--smtp-pass[=<password>]::
+	Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
+	argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
+	the password. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtppass',
+	however '--smtp-pass' always overrides this value.
++
+Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
+or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
+'--smtp-user' or a 'sendemail.smtpuser'), but no password has been
+specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtppass'), then the
+user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy.
+
+--smtp-server=<host>::
+	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
+	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
+	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
 	the program must support the `-i` option.  Default value can
 	be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpserver' configuration
 	option; the built-in default is `/usr/sbin/sendmail` or
 	`/usr/lib/sendmail` if such program is available, or
 	`localhost` otherwise.
 
---subject::
-   	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
-	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
-	is not set, this will be prompted for.
+--smtp-server-port=<port>::
+	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
+	servers typically listen to smtp port 25 and ssmtp port
+	465); symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 465)
+	are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
+	'sendemail.smtpserverport' configuration variable.
+
+--smtp-ssl::
+	Legacy alias for '--smtp-encryption ssl'.
+
+--smtp-user=<user>::
+	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtpuser';
+	if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpuser'),
+	then authentication is not attempted.
 
---suppress-from::
-	Do not add the From: address to the cc: list, if it shows up in a From:
-	line.
 
---to::
-	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated.
-	Generally, this will be the upstream maintainer of the
-	project involved.
+Automating
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+--cc-cmd=<command>::
+	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
+	should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
+	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
+	Default is the value of 'sendemail.cccmd' configuration value.
+
+--[no-]chain-reply-to::
+	If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
+	email sent.  If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
+	the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent.  When using
+	this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
+	entire patch series. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.chainreplyto'
+	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --chain-reply-to.
+
+--identity=<identity>::
+	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
+	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
+	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
+	the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+
+--[no-]signed-off-by-cc::
+	If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
+	cc list. Default is the value of 'sendemail.signedoffbycc' configuration
+	value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.
+
+--suppress-cc=<category>::
+	Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the
+	auto-cc of:
 +
-The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.
+--
+- 'author' will avoid including the patch author
+- 'self' will avoid including the sender
+- 'cc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
+  except for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'bodycc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
+  patch body (commit message) except for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'sob' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except
+   for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'cccmd' will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
+- 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'bodycc'
+- 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
+--
++
+Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value; if
+that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
+specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
+
+--[no-]suppress-from::
+	If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
+	Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppressfrom' configuration
+	value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
+
+--[no-]thread::
+	If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
+	added to each email sent.  Whether each mail refers to the
+	previous email (`deep` threading per 'git format-patch'
+	wording) or to the first email (`shallow` threading) is
+	governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
++
+If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
+(unless specified with --in-reply-to).  Default is the value of the
+'sendemail.thread' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+default to --thread.
++
+It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
+exists when 'git send-email' is asked to add it (especially note that
+'git format-patch' can be configured to do the threading itself).
+Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
+recipient's MUA.
+
+
+Administering
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+--confirm=<mode>::
+	Confirm just before sending:
++
+--
+- 'always' will always confirm before sending
+- 'never' will never confirm before sending
+- 'cc' will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically
+  added addresses from the patch to the Cc list
+- 'compose' will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.
+- 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
+--
++
+Default is the value of 'sendemail.confirm' configuration value; if that
+is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
+have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
+
+--dry-run::
+	Do everything except actually send the emails.
+
+--[no-]format-patch::
+	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
+	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
+	or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
+	occurs, git send-email will fail.
+
+--quiet::
+	Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
+	all that is output.
+
+--[no-]validate::
+	Perform sanity checks on patches.
+	Currently, validation means the following:
++
+--
+		*	Warn of patches that contain lines longer than 998 characters; this
+			is due to SMTP limits as described by http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt.
+--
++
+Default is the value of 'sendemail.validate'; if this is not set,
+default to '--validate'.
 
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
+
 sendemail.aliasesfile::
 	To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
 	email aliases files.  You must also supply 'sendemail.aliasfiletype'.
 
 sendemail.aliasfiletype::
 	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesfile. Must be
-	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', or 'gnus'.
+	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus'.
 
-sendemail.bcc::
-	Email address (or alias) to always bcc.
+sendemail.multiedit::
+	If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
+	files you have to edit (patches when '--annotate' is used, and the
+	summary when '--compose' is used). If false, files will be edited one
+	after the other, spawning a new editor each time.
 
-sendemail.chainreplyto::
-	Boolean value specifying the default to the '--chain_reply_to'
-	parameter.
+sendemail.confirm::
+	Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
+	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
+	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
 
-sendemail.smtpserver::
-	Default smtp server to use.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -120,11 +305,12 @@ Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
 git-send-email is originally based upon
 send_lots_of_email.pl by Greg Kroah-Hartman.
 
+
 Documentation
 --------------
 Documentation by Ryan Anderson
 
+
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index 205bfd2d25..399821832c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ git-send-pack - Push objects over git protocol to another repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-send-pack' [--all] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]
+'git send-pack' [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Usually you would want to use gitlink:git-push[1] which is a
-higher level wrapper of this command instead.
+Usually you would want to use 'git-push', which is a
+higher-level wrapper of this command, instead. See linkgit:git-push[1].
 
 Invokes 'git-receive-pack' on a possibly remote repository, and
 updates it from the current repository, sending named refs.
@@ -21,30 +21,33 @@ updates it from the current repository, sending named refs.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-\--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
+--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
 	end.  Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote
 	repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in
 	a directory on the default $PATH.
 
-\--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
+--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.
 
-\--all::
+--all::
 	Instead of explicitly specifying which refs to update,
-	update all refs that locally exist.
+	update all heads that locally exist.
 
-\--force::
+--dry-run::
+	Do everything except actually send the updates.
+
+--force::
 	Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that
 	is not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
 	This flag disables the check.  What this means is that
 	the remote repository can lose commits; use it with
 	care.
 
-\--verbose::
+--verbose::
 	Run verbosely.
 
-\--thin::
+--thin::
 	Spend extra cycles to minimize the number of objects to be sent.
 	Use it on slower connection.
 
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ With '--all' flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to
 the remote side.  You cannot specify any '<ref>' if you use
 this flag.
 
-Without '--all' and without any '<ref>', the refs that exist
+Without '--all' and without any '<ref>', the heads that exist
 both on the local side and on the remote side are updated.
 
 When one or more '<ref>' are specified explicitly, it can be either a
@@ -82,7 +85,9 @@ Each pattern pair consists of the source side (before the colon)
 and the destination side (after the colon).  The ref to be
 pushed is determined by finding a match that matches the source
 side, and where it is pushed is determined by using the
-destination side.
+destination side. The rules used to match a ref are the same
+rules used by 'git-rev-parse' to resolve a symbolic ref
+name. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
  - It is an error if <src> does not match exactly one of the
    local refs.
@@ -120,4 +125,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index 2b2abebd60..18f14b5be8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-sh-setup - Common git shell script setup code
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-sh-setup'
+'. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup"'
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This is not a command the end user would want to run.  Ever.
 This documentation is meant for people who are studying the
 Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones.
 
-The `git-sh-setup` scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
+The 'git-sh-setup' scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
 `.`) by other shell scripts to set up some variables pointing at
 the normal git directories and a few helper shell functions.
 
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ set_reflog_action::
 	end-user action in the reflog, when the script updates a
 	ref.
 
+git_editor::
+	runs an editor of user's choice (GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, VISUAL or
+	EDITOR) on a given file, but error out if no editor is specified
+	and the terminal is dumb.
+
 is_bare_repository::
 	outputs `true` or `false` to the standard output stream
 	to indicate if the repository is a bare repository
@@ -57,6 +62,10 @@ require_work_tree::
 	if so.  Used by scripts that require working tree
 	(e.g. `checkout`).
 
+get_author_ident_from_commit::
+	outputs code for use with eval to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_AUTHOR_DATE variables for a given commit.
+
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -68,5 +77,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index 228b9f14f3..0f3ad811cf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-shell - Restricted login shell for GIT-only SSH access
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-shell' -c <command> <argument>
+'$(git --exec-path)/git-shell' -c <command> <argument>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ of server-side GIT commands implementing the pull/push functionality.
 The commands can be executed only by the '-c' option; the shell is not
 interactive.
 
-Currently, only the `git-receive-pack` and `git-upload-pack` commands
-are permitted to be called, with a single required argument.
+Currently, only four commands are permitted to be called, 'git-receive-pack'
+'git-upload-pack' and 'git-upload-archive' with a single required argument, or
+'cvs server' (to invoke 'git-cvsserver').
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -31,5 +32,4 @@ Documentation by Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index b0df92e819..42463a955d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@ git-shortlog(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-shortlog - Summarize 'git log' output
+git-shortlog - Summarize 'git-log' output
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-git-log --pretty=short | 'git-shortlog' [-h] [-n] [-s]
-git-shortlog [-n|--number] [-s|--summary] [<committish>...]
+[verse]
+git log --pretty=short | 'git shortlog' [-h] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w]
+git shortlog [-n|--numbered] [-s|--summary] [-e|--email] [-w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]] [<committish>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Summarizes 'git log' output in a format suitable for inclusion
+Summarizes 'git-log' output in a format suitable for inclusion
 in release announcements. Each commit will be grouped by author and
 the first line of the commit message will be shown.
 
@@ -22,26 +23,38 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 -h::
+--help::
 	Print a short usage message and exit.
 
 -n::
+--numbered::
 	Sort output according to the number of commits per author instead
 	of author alphabetic order.
 
 -s::
+--summary::
 	Suppress commit description and provide a commit count summary only.
 
-FILES
------
-'.mailmap'::
-	If this file exists, it will be used for mapping author email
-	addresses to a real author name. One mapping per line, first
-	the author name followed by the email address enclosed by
-	'<' and '>'. Use hash '#' for comments. Example:
+-e::
+--email::
+	Show the email address of each author.
+
+-w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]::
+	Linewrap the output by wrapping each line at `width`.  The first
+	line of each entry is indented by `indent1` spaces, and the second
+	and subsequent lines are indented by `indent2` spaces. `width`,
+	`indent1`, and `indent2` default to 76, 6 and 9 respectively.
+
+
+MAPPING AUTHORS
+---------------
+
+The `.mailmap` feature is used to coalesce together commits by the same
+person in the shortlog, where their name and/or email address was
+spelled differently.
+
+include::mailmap.txt[]
 
-		# Keep alphabetized
-		Adam Morrow <adam@localhost.localdomain>
-		Eve Jones <eve@laptop.(none)>
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -53,5 +66,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index ba5313d51f..89ec5364ec 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ git-show-branch - Show branches and their commits
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-show-branch' [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order] [--current]
+'git show-branch' [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]
+		[--current] [--color | --no-color]
 		[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]
-		[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [<rev> | <glob>]...
-'git-show-branch' (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]
+		[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics]
+		[<rev> | <glob>]...
+'git show-branch' (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,8 +31,8 @@ no <rev> nor <glob> is given on the command line.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <rev>::
-	Arbitrary extended SHA1 expression (see `git-rev-parse`)
-	that typically names a branch HEAD or a tag.
+	Arbitrary extended SHA1 expression (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1])
+	that typically names a branch head or a tag.
 
 <glob>::
 	A glob pattern that matches branch or tag names under
@@ -38,10 +40,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	branches under $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/topic, giving
 	`topic/*` would show all of them.
 
--r|--remotes::
+-r::
+--remotes::
 	Show the remote-tracking branches.
 
--a|--all::
+-a::
+--all::
 	Show both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
 
 --current::
@@ -55,6 +59,11 @@ OPTIONS
         appear in topological order (i.e., descendant commits
         are shown before their parents).
 
+--date-order::
+	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
+	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise commits
+	are ordered according to their commit date.
+
 --sparse::
 	By default, the output omits merges that are reachable
 	from only one tip being shown.  This option makes them
@@ -97,14 +106,22 @@ OPTIONS
 	will show the revisions given by "git rev-list {caret}master
 	topic1 topic2"
 
+-g::
 --reflog[=<n>[,<base>]] [<ref>]::
 	Shows <n> most recent ref-log entries for the given
 	ref.  If <base> is given, <n> entries going back from
 	that entry.  <base> can be specified as count or date.
-	`-g` can be used as a short-hand for this option.  When
-	no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
+	When no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
 	current branch (or `HEAD` if it is detached).
 
+--color::
+	Color the status sign (one of these: `*` `!` `+` `-`) of each commit
+	corresponding to the branch it's in.
+
+--no-color::
+	Turn off colored output, even when the configuration file gives the
+	default to color output.
+
 Note that --more, --list, --independent and --merge-base options
 are mutually exclusive.
 
@@ -146,9 +163,10 @@ $ git show-branch master fixes mhf
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 These three branches all forked from a common commit, [master],
-whose commit message is "Add 'git show-branch'.  "fixes" branch
-adds one commit 'Introduce "reset type"'.  "mhf" branch has many
-other commits.  The current branch is "master".
+whose commit message is "Add \'git show-branch\'". The "fixes"
+branch adds one commit "Introduce "reset type" flag to "git reset"".
+The "mhf" branch adds many other commits. The current branch
+is "master".
 
 
 EXAMPLE
@@ -170,7 +188,7 @@ only the primary branches.  In addition, if you happen to be on
 your topic branch, it is shown as well.
 
 ------------
-$ git show-branch --reflog='10,1 hour ago' --list master
+$ git show-branch --reflog="10,1 hour ago" --list master
 ------------
 
 shows 10 reflog entries going back from the tip as of 1 hour ago.
@@ -180,7 +198,7 @@ topologically related with each other.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 Documentation
@@ -190,4 +208,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
index be09b62beb..e3285aacfd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ git-show-index - Show packed archive index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-show-index' < idx-file
+'git show-index' < idx-file
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads given idx file for packed git archive created with
-git-pack-objects command, and dumps its contents.
+'git-pack-objects' command, and dumps its contents.
 
 The information it outputs is subset of what you can get from
 'git-verify-pack -v'; this command only shows the packfile
@@ -31,5 +31,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 5973a82517..f4429bdc68 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ git-show-ref - List references in a local repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-show-ref' [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference]
-	     [-s|--hash] [--abbrev] [--tags] [--heads] [--] <pattern>...
+'git show-ref' [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference]
+	     [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags]
+	     [--heads] [--] <pattern>...
+'git show-ref' --exclude-existing[=<pattern>] < ref-list
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -19,30 +21,37 @@ commit IDs. Results can be filtered using a pattern and tags can be
 dereferenced into object IDs. Additionally, it can be used to test whether a
 particular ref exists.
 
+The --exclude-existing form is a filter that does the inverse, it shows the
+refs from stdin that don't exist in the local repository.
+
 Use of this utility is encouraged in favor of directly accessing files under
-in the `.git` directory.
+the `.git` directory.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--h, --head::
+-h::
+--head::
 
 	Show the HEAD reference.
 
---tags, --heads::
+--tags::
+--heads::
 
 	Limit to only "refs/heads" and "refs/tags", respectively.  These
 	options are not mutually exclusive; when given both, references stored
 	in "refs/heads" and "refs/tags" are displayed.
 
--d, --dereference::
+-d::
+--dereference::
 
 	Dereference tags into object IDs as well. They will be shown with "^{}"
 	appended.
 
--s, --hash::
+-s::
+--hash[=<n>]::
 
-	Only show the SHA1 hash, not the reference name. When also using
+	Only show the SHA1 hash, not the reference name. When combined with
 	--dereference the dereferenced tag will still be shown after the SHA1.
 
 --verify::
@@ -51,17 +60,30 @@ OPTIONS
 	Aside from returning an error code of 1, it will also print an error
 	message if '--quiet' was not specified.
 
---abbrev, --abbrev=len::
+--abbrev[=<n>]::
 
 	Abbreviate the object name.  When using `--hash`, you do
-	not have to say `--hash --abbrev`; `--hash=len` would do.
+	not have to say `--hash --abbrev`; `--hash=n` would do.
 
--q, --quiet::
+-q::
+--quiet::
 
 	Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with '--verify' this
 	can be used to silently check if a reference exists.
 
-<pattern>::
+--exclude-existing[=<pattern>]::
+
+	Make 'git-show-ref' act as a filter that reads refs from stdin of the
+	form "^(?:<anything>\s)?<refname>(?:\^\{\})?$" and performs the
+	following actions on each:
+	(1) strip "^{}" at the end of line if any;
+	(2) ignore if pattern is provided and does not head-match refname;
+	(3) warn if refname is not a well-formed refname and skip;
+	(4) ignore if refname is a ref that exists in the local repository;
+	(5) otherwise output the line.
+
+
+<pattern>...::
 
 	Show references matching one or more patterns.
 
@@ -114,14 +136,14 @@ When using the '--verify' flag, the command requires an exact path:
 
 will only match the exact branch called "master".
 
-If nothing matches, gitlink:git-show-ref[1] will return an error code of 1,
+If nothing matches, 'git-show-ref' will return an error code of 1,
 and in the case of verification, it will show an error message.
 
 For scripting, you can ask it to be quiet with the "--quiet" flag, which
 allows you to do things like
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	git-show-ref --quiet --verify -- "refs/heads/$headname" ||
+	git show-ref --quiet --verify -- "refs/heads/$headname" ||
 		echo "$headname is not a valid branch"
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -144,7 +166,7 @@ to get a listing of all tags together with what they dereference.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-ls-remote[1], gitlink:git-peek-remote[1]
+linkgit:git-ls-remote[1]
 
 AUTHORS
 -------
@@ -153,4 +175,4 @@ Man page by Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show.txt b/Documentation/git-show.txt
index 5a219ab577..48b612e2ae 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-show - Show various types of objects
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-show' [options] <object>...
+'git show' [options] <object>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ presents the merge commit in a special format as produced by
 
 For tags, it shows the tag message and the referenced objects.
 
-For trees, it shows the names (equivalent to gitlink:git-ls-tree[1]
+For trees, it shows the names (equivalent to 'git-ls-tree'
 with \--name-only).
 
 For plain blobs, it shows the plain contents.
 
-The command takes options applicable to the gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] command to
+The command takes options applicable to the 'git-diff-tree' command to
 control how the changes the commit introduces are shown.
 
 This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.
@@ -33,10 +33,13 @@ This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<object>::
-	The name of the object to show.
+<object>...::
+	The names of objects to show.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
+
+include::pretty-options.txt[]
+
 
 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 
@@ -68,7 +71,7 @@ include::i18n.txt[]
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>.  Significantly enhanced by
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.  Significantly enhanced by
 Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>.
 
 
@@ -76,9 +79,6 @@ Documentation
 -------------
 Documentation by David Greaves, Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
-This manual page is a stub. You can help the git documentation by expanding it.
-
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ssh-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-ssh-fetch.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 192b1f15a9..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-ssh-fetch.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-git-ssh-fetch(1)
-================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-ssh-fetch - Fetch from a remote repository over ssh connection
-
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-ssh-fetch' [-c] [-t] [-a] [-d] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] commit-id url
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Pulls from a remote repository over ssh connection, invoking
-git-ssh-upload on the other end. It functions identically to
-git-ssh-upload, aside from which end you run it on.
-
-
-OPTIONS
--------
-commit-id::
-        Either the hash or the filename under [URL]/refs/ to
-        pull.
-
--c::
-	Get the commit objects.
--t::
-	Get trees associated with the commit objects.
--a::
-	Get all the objects.
--v::
-	Report what is downloaded.
--w::
-        Writes the commit-id into the filename under $GIT_DIR/refs/ on
-        the local end after the transfer is complete.
-
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ssh-upload.txt b/Documentation/git-ssh-upload.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index a9b7e9f974..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-ssh-upload.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-git-ssh-upload(1)
-=================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-ssh-upload - Push to a remote repository over ssh connection
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-'git-ssh-upload' [-c] [-t] [-a] [-d] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] commit-id url
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Pushes from a remote repository over ssh connection, invoking
-git-ssh-fetch on the other end. It functions identically to
-git-ssh-fetch, aside from which end you run it on.
-
-OPTIONS
--------
-commit-id::
-        Id of commit to push.
-
--c::
-        Get the commit objects.
--t::
-        Get tree associated with the requested commit object.
--a::
-        Get all the objects.
--v::
-        Report what is uploaded.
--w::
-        Writes the commit-id into the filename under [URL]/refs/ on
-        the remote end after the transfer is complete.
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Daniel Barkalow
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stage.txt b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f251a5865
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+git-stage(1)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-stage - Add file contents to the staging area
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git stage' args...
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This is a synonym for linkgit:git-add[1].  Please refer to the
+documentation of that command.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c64a02fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+git-stash(1)
+============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git stash' list [<options>]
+'git stash' show [<stash>]
+'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
+'git stash' [save [--keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
+'git stash' clear
+'git stash' create
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Use 'git stash' when you want to record the current state of the
+working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean
+working directory.  The command saves your local modifications away
+and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit.
+
+The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with
+`git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored
+(potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`.
+Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`.
+A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but
+you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when
+you create one.
+
+The latest stash you created is stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/stash`; older
+stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
+the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the most recently
+created stash, `stash@\{1}` is the one before it, `stash@\{2.hours.ago}`
+is also possible).
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+save [--keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
+
+	Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
+	--hard` to revert them.  This is the default action when no
+	subcommand is given. The <message> part is optional and gives
+	the description along with the stashed state.
++
+If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
+index are left intact.
+
+list [<options>]::
+
+	List the stashes that you currently have.  Each 'stash' is listed
+	with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is
+	the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
+	stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was
+	based on.
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation
+stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+The command takes options applicable to the 'git-log'
+command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
+
+show [<stash>]::
+
+	Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the
+	stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given,
+	shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but
+	it will accept any format known to 'git-diff' (e.g., `git stash show
+	-p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
+
+pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
+
+	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
+	on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
+	operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must
+	match the index.
++
+Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
+removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand
+and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards.
++
+If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working
+tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you
+have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
+longer apply the changes as they were originally).
++
+When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@\{0}` is assumed.
+
+apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
+
+	Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list.
+
+branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
+
+	Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from
+	the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the
+	changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index, then
+	drops the `<stash>` if that completes successfully. When no `<stash>`
+	is given, applies the latest one.
++
+This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has
+changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since
+the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time
+`git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with
+no conflicts.
+
+clear::
+	Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then
+	be subject to pruning, and may be difficult or impossible to recover.
+
+drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
+
+	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
+	is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@\{0}`
+
+create::
+
+	Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its
+	object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace.
+
+
+DISCUSSION
+----------
+
+A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the
+working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD` when
+the stash was created.  The tree of the second parent records the
+state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of
+the `HEAD` commit.  The ancestry graph looks like this:
+
+            .----W
+           /    /
+     -----H----I
+
+where `H` is the `HEAD` commit, `I` is a commit that records the state
+of the index, and `W` is a commit that records the state of the working
+tree.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+Pulling into a dirty tree::
+
+When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are
+upstream changes that are possibly relevant to what you are
+doing.  When your local changes do not conflict with the changes in
+the upstream, a simple `git pull` will let you move forward.
++
+However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with
+the upstream changes, and `git pull` refuses to overwrite your
+changes.  In such a case, you can stash your changes away,
+perform a pull, and then unstash, like this:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+$ git pull
+ ...
+file foobar not up to date, cannot merge.
+$ git stash
+$ git pull
+$ git stash pop
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Interrupted workflow::
+
+When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and
+demands that you fix something immediately.  Traditionally, you would
+make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and
+return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+# ... hack hack hack ...
+$ git checkout -b my_wip
+$ git commit -a -m "WIP"
+$ git checkout master
+$ edit emergency fix
+$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
+$ git checkout my_wip
+$ git reset --soft HEAD^
+# ... continue hacking ...
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+You can use 'git-stash' to simplify the above, like this:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+# ... hack hack hack ...
+$ git stash
+$ edit emergency fix
+$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
+$ git stash pop
+# ... continue hacking ...
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Testing partial commits::
+
+You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or
+more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test
+each change before committing:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+# ... hack hack hack ...
+$ git add --patch foo            # add just first part to the index
+$ git stash save --keep-index    # save all other changes to the stash
+$ edit/build/test first part
+$ git commit -m 'First part'     # commit fully tested change
+$ git stash pop                  # prepare to work on all other changes
+# ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ...
+$ edit/build/test remaining parts
+$ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-checkout[1],
+linkgit:git-commit[1],
+linkgit:git-reflog[1],
+linkgit:git-reset[1]
+
+AUTHOR
+------
+Written by Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt
index e9e193f008..84f60f3407 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-status.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt
@@ -8,30 +8,36 @@ git-status - Show the working tree status
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-status' <options>...
+'git status' <options>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Examines paths in the working tree that has changes unrecorded
-to the index file, and changes between the index file and the
-current HEAD commit.  The former paths are what you _could_
-commit by running 'git add' before running 'git
-commit', and the latter paths are what you _would_ commit by
-running 'git commit'.
+Displays paths that have differences between the index file and the
+current HEAD commit, paths that have differences between the working
+tree and the index file, and paths in the working tree that are not
+tracked by git (and are not ignored by linkgit:gitignore[5]). The first
+are what you _would_ commit by running `git commit`; the second and
+third are what you _could_ commit by running 'git-add' before running
+`git commit`.
+
+The command takes the same set of options as 'git-commit'; it
+shows what would be committed if the same options are given to
+'git-commit'.
 
 If there is no path that is different between the index file and
-the current HEAD commit, the command exits with non-zero
-status.
-
-The command takes the same set of options as `git-commit`; it
-shows what would be committed if the same options are given to
-`git-commit`.
+the current HEAD commit (i.e., there is nothing to commit by running
+`git commit`), the command exits with non-zero status.
 
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
 The output from this command is designed to be used as a commit
-template comments, and all the output lines are prefixed with '#'.
+template comment, and all the output lines are prefixed with '#'.
+
+The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other git commands, are
+made relative to the current directory if you are working in a
+subdirectory (this is on purpose, to help cutting and pasting). See
+the status.relativePaths config option below.
 
 
 CONFIGURATION
@@ -42,11 +48,23 @@ mean the same thing and the latter is kept for backward
 compatibility) and `color.status.<slot>` configuration variables
 to colorize its output.
 
+If the config variable `status.relativePaths` is set to false, then all
+paths shown are relative to the repository root, not to the current
+directory.
+
+If `status.submodulesummary` is set to a non zero number or true (identical
+to -1 or an unlimited number), the submodule summary will be enabled and a
+summary of commits for modified submodules will be shown (see --summary-limit
+option of linkgit:git-submodule[1]).
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>.
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -54,5 +72,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
index 3a03dd0410..7508c0e42d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-stripspace - Filter out empty lines
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-stripspace' < <stream>
+'git stripspace' [-s | --strip-comments] < <stream>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ Remove multiple empty lines, and empty lines at beginning and end.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+-s::
+--strip-comments::
+	In addition to empty lines, also strip lines starting with '#'.
+
 <stream>::
 	Byte stream to act on.
 
@@ -29,5 +33,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..683ba1a1eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+git-submodule(1)
+================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch]
+	      [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> <path>
+'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase]
+	      [--reference <repository>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach <command>
+'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Submodules allow foreign repositories to be embedded within
+a dedicated subdirectory of the source tree, always pointed
+at a particular commit.
+
+They are not to be confused with remotes, which are meant mainly
+for branches of the same project; submodules are meant for
+different projects you would like to make part of your source tree,
+while the history of the two projects still stays completely
+independent and you cannot modify the contents of the submodule
+from within the main project.
+If you want to merge the project histories and want to treat the
+aggregated whole as a single project from then on, you may want to
+add a remote for the other project and use the 'subtree' merge strategy,
+instead of treating the other project as a submodule. Directories
+that come from both projects can be cloned and checked out as a whole
+if you choose to go that route.
+
+Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry
+in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object
+within the inner repository that is completely separate.
+A record in the `.gitmodules` file at the root of the source
+tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and describes
+the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
+The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your
+local repository configuration (see 'submodule init').
+
+This command will manage the tree entries and contents of the
+gitmodules file for you, as well as inspect the status of your
+submodules and update them.
+When adding a new submodule to the tree, the 'add' subcommand
+is to be used.  However, when pulling a tree containing submodules,
+these will not be checked out by default;
+the 'init' and 'update' subcommands will maintain submodules
+checked out and at appropriate revision in your working tree.
+You can briefly inspect the up-to-date status of your submodules
+using the 'status' subcommand and get a detailed overview of the
+difference between the index and checkouts using the 'summary'
+subcommand.
+
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+add::
+	Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
+	to the changeset to be committed next to the current
+	project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
++
+This requires two arguments: <repository> and <path>.
++
+<repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
+This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
+or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin
+repository.
++
+<path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to
+exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
+submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does
+exist and is already a valid git repository, then this is added
+to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided
+to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes
+the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.
++
+In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for
+use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is
+given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption
+is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept
+together in the same relative location, and only the
+superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
+locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
+
+status::
+	Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
+	currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
+	submodule path and the output of 'git-describe' for the
+	SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not
+	initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
+	does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
+	repository. This command is the default command for 'git-submodule'.
+
+init::
+	Initialize the submodules, i.e. register each submodule name
+	and url found in .gitmodules into .git/config.
+	The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`.
+	This command does not alter existing information in .git/config.
+	You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config
+	for your local setup and proceed to 'git submodule update';
+	you can also just use 'git submodule update --init' without
+	the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
+	any submodule locations.
+
+update::
+	Update the registered submodules, i.e. clone missing submodules and
+	checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository.
+	This will make the submodules HEAD be detached unless '--rebase' or
+	'--merge' is specified or the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to
+	`rebase` or `merge`.
++
+If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
+setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
+submodule with the --init option.
+
+summary::
+	Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
+	working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
+	in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
+	index or working tree (switched by --cached) are shown.
+
+foreach::
+	Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
+	The command has access to the variables $path and $sha1:
+	$path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the
+	superproject, and $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject.
+	Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
+	ignored by this command. Unless given --quiet, foreach prints the name
+	of each submodule before evaluating the command.
+	A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes
+	the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
+	to the end of the command.
++
+As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
+rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
+commit for each submodule.
+
+sync::
+	Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
+	to the value specified in .gitmodules.  This is useful when
+	submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
+	repositories accordingly.
++
+"git submodule sync" synchronizes all submodules while
+"git submodule sync -- A" synchronizes submodule "A" only.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Only print error messages.
+
+-b::
+--branch::
+	Branch of repository to add as submodule.
+
+--cached::
+	This option is only valid for status and summary commands.  These
+	commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but
+	with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead.
+
+-n::
+--summary-limit::
+	This option is only valid for the summary command.
+	Limit the summary size (number of commits shown in total).
+	Giving 0 will disable the summary; a negative number means unlimited
+	(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
+	size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
+
+-N::
+--no-fetch::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Don't fetch new objects from the remote site.
+
+--merge::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch
+	of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will
+	not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will
+	have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the
+	usual conflict resolution tools.
+	If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is
+	implicit.
+
+--rebase::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the
+	superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not
+	be detached. If a a merge failure prevents this process, you will have
+	to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+	If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is
+	implicit.
+
+--reference <repository>::
+	This option is only valid for add and update commands.  These
+	commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
+	this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
++
+*NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
+for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s --reference and --shared options carefully.
+
+<path>...::
+	Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
+	to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths.
+	(This argument is required with add).
+
+FILES
+-----
+When initializing submodules, a .gitmodules file in the top-level directory
+of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule.
+This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key
+to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url".  See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
+for details.
+
+
+AUTHOR
+------
+Written by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index a0d34e0058..10af599b44 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -3,129 +3,234 @@ git-svn(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a single Subversion branch and git
+git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-svn' <command> [options] [arguments]
+'git svn' <command> [options] [arguments]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-git-svn is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
-It is not to be confused with gitlink:git-svnimport[1], which is
-read-only.
+'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
+It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a git
+repository.
 
-git-svn was originally designed for an individual developer who wants a
-bidirectional flow of changesets between a single branch in Subversion
-and an arbitrary number of branches in git.  Since its inception,
-git-svn has gained the ability to track multiple branches in a manner
-similar to git-svnimport.
+'git svn' can track a standard Subversion repository,
+following the common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option.
+It can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options
+(see options to 'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
 
-git-svn is especially useful when it comes to tracking repositories
-not organized in the way Subversion developers recommend (trunk,
-branches, tags directories).
+Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the git
+repository can be updated from Subversion by the 'fetch' command and
+Subversion updated from git by the 'dcommit' command.
 
 COMMANDS
 --------
---
 
 'init'::
 	Initializes an empty git repository with additional
-	metadata directories for git-svn.  The Subversion URL
+	metadata directories for 'git svn'.  The Subversion URL
 	may be specified as a command-line argument, or as full
 	URL arguments to -T/-t/-b.  Optionally, the target
 	directory to operate on can be specified as a second
 	argument.  Normally this command initializes the current
 	directory.
 
--T<trunk_subdir>::
---trunk=<trunk_subdir>::
--t<tags_subdir>::
---tags=<tags_subdir>::
--b<branches_subdir>::
---branches=<branches_subdir>::
+-T<trunk_subdir>;;
+--trunk=<trunk_subdir>;;
+-t<tags_subdir>;;
+--tags=<tags_subdir>;;
+-b<branches_subdir>;;
+--branches=<branches_subdir>;;
+-s;;
+--stdlayout;;
 	These are optional command-line options for init.  Each of
 	these flags can point to a relative repository path
-	(--tags=project/tags') or a full url
-	(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags)
-
---no-metadata::
+	(--tags=project/tags) or a full url
+	(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags).
+	You can specify more than one --tags and/or --branches options, in case
+	your Subversion repository places tags or branches under multiple paths.
+	The option --stdlayout is
+	a shorthand way of setting trunk,tags,branches as the relative paths,
+	which is the Subversion default. If any of the other options are given
+	as well, they take precedence.
+--no-metadata;;
 	Set the 'noMetadata' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---use-svm-props::
+--use-svm-props;;
 	Set the 'useSvmProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---use-svnsync-props::
+--use-svnsync-props;;
 	Set the 'useSvnsyncProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---rewrite-root=<URL>::
+--rewrite-root=<URL>;;
 	Set the 'rewriteRoot' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---username=<USER>::
+--username=<USER>;;
 	For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
 	https, and plain svn), specify the username.  For other
 	transports (eg svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
 	the URL, eg svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project
-
---prefix=<prefix>::
+--prefix=<prefix>;;
 	This allows one to specify a prefix which is prepended
 	to the names of remotes if trunk/branches/tags are
 	specified.  The prefix does not automatically include a
 	trailing slash, so be sure you include one in the
-	argument if that is what you want.  This is useful if
-	you wish to track multiple projects that share a common
-	repository.
+	argument if that is what you want.  If --branches/-b is
+	specified, the prefix must include a trailing slash.
+	Setting a prefix is useful if you wish to track multiple
+	projects that share a common repository.
+--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
+	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
+	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
+	of '--ignore-paths'.
 
 'fetch'::
-
 	Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion remote we are
 	tracking.  The name of the [svn-remote "..."] section in the
 	.git/config file may be specified as an optional command-line
 	argument.
 
+--localtime;;
+	Store Git commit times in the local timezone instead of UTC.  This
+	makes 'git log' (even without --date=local) show the same times
+	that `svn log` would in the local timezone.
+
+--parent;;
+	Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
++
+This doesn't interfere with interoperating with the Subversion
+repository you cloned from, but if you wish for your local Git
+repository to be able to interoperate with someone else's local Git
+repository, either don't use this option or you should both use it in
+the same local timezone.
+
+--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
+	This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
+	cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
+	The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+	(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
+	'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-paths
++
+If the ignore-paths config key is set and the command line option is
+also given, both regular expressions will be used.
++
+Examples:
++
+--
+Skip "doc*" directory for every fetch;;
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--ignore-paths="^doc"
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--ignore-paths="^[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)"
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+
+--use-log-author;;
+	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
+	dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line
+	in the log message and use that as the author string.
+--add-author-from;;
+	When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit
+	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
+	From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the
+	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then --use-log-author
+	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
+
 'clone'::
 	Runs 'init' and 'fetch'.  It will automatically create a
 	directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
 	or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
 	and work within that.  It accepts all arguments that the
 	'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
-	'--fetch-all'.   After a repository is cloned, the 'fetch'
-	command will be able to update revisions without affecting
-	the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be able
-	to update the working tree with the latest changes.
+	'--fetch-all' and '--parent'.  After a repository is cloned,
+	the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
+	affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
+	able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
 
 'rebase'::
 	This fetches revisions from the SVN parent of the current HEAD
 	and rebases the current (uncommitted to SVN) work against it.
-
-This works similarly to 'svn update' or 'git-pull' except that
-it preserves linear history with 'git-rebase' instead of
-'git-merge' for ease of dcommit-ing with git-svn.
-
-This accepts all options that 'git-svn fetch' and 'git-rebase'
-accepts.  However '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
++
+This works similarly to `svn update` or 'git pull' except that
+it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
+'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
++
+This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
+accept.  However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
 [svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
-
-Like 'git-rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
-and have no uncommitted changes.
 +
---
+Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
+and have no uncommitted changes.
+
 -l;;
 --local;;
-	Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git-rebase' against the
+	Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git rebase' against the
 	last fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
---
-+
 
 'dcommit'::
 	Commit each diff from a specified head directly to the SVN
 	repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
 	not there is a diff between SVN and head).  This will create
 	a revision in SVN for each commit in git.
-	It is recommended that you run git-svn fetch and rebase (not
+	It is recommended that you run 'git svn' fetch and rebase (not
 	pull or merge) your commits against the latest changes in the
 	SVN repository.
-	An optional command-line argument may be specified as an
-	alternative to HEAD.
+	An optional revision or branch argument may be specified, and
+	causes 'git svn' to do all work on that revision/branch
+	instead of HEAD.
 	This is advantageous over 'set-tree' (below) because it produces
 	cleaner, more linear history.
---
++
+--no-rebase;;
+	After committing, do not rebase or reset.
+--commit-url <URL>;;
+	Commit to this SVN URL (the full path).  This is intended to
+	allow existing 'git svn' repositories created with one transport
+	method (e.g. `svn://` or `http://` for anonymous read) to be
+	reused if a user is later given access to an alternate transport
+	method (e.g. `svn+ssh://` or `https://`) for commit.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
+config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options)
++
+Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly
+discouraged.
+
+'branch'::
+	Create a branch in the SVN repository.
+
+-m;;
+--message;;
+	Allows to specify the commit message.
+
+-t;;
+--tag;;
+	Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the branches_subdir
+	specified during git svn init.
+
+-d;;
+--destination;;
+	If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the 'init'
+	or 'clone' command, you must provide the location of the branch (or
+	tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository.  The value of this
+	option must match one of the paths specified by a --branches (or
+	--tags) option.  You can see these paths with the commands
++
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
++
+where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by the -R option to
+'init' (or "svn" by default).
+
+'tag'::
+	Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for
+	'branch -t'.
 
 'log'::
 	This should make it easy to look up svn log messages when svn
@@ -134,10 +239,12 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 The following features from `svn log' are supported:
 +
 --
+-r <n>[:<n>];;
 --revision=<n>[:<n>];;
 	is supported, non-numeric args are not:
 	HEAD, NEXT, BASE, PREV, etc ...
--v/--verbose;;
+-v;;
+--verbose;;
 	it's not completely compatible with the --verbose
 	output in svn log, but reasonably close.
 --limit=<n>;;
@@ -156,9 +263,32 @@ New features:
 	our version of --pretty=oneline
 --
 +
-Any other arguments are passed directly to `git log'
+NOTE: SVN itself only stores times in UTC and nothing else. The regular svn
+client converts the UTC time to the local time (or based on the TZ=
+environment). This command has the same behaviour.
++
+Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
+
+'blame'::
+       Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file. The
+       output of this mode is format-compatible with the output of
+       `svn blame' by default. Like the SVN blame command,
+       local uncommitted changes in the working copy are ignored;
+       the version of the file in the HEAD revision is annotated. Unknown
+       arguments are passed directly to 'git blame'.
++
+--git-format;;
+	Produce output in the same format as 'git blame', but with
+	SVN revision numbers instead of git commit hashes. In this mode,
+	changes that haven't been committed to SVN (including local
+	working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
+
+'find-rev'::
+	When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the
+	corresponding git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
+	tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched).  When given a
+	tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
 
---
 'set-tree'::
 	You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
 	Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN.  This relies on
@@ -166,7 +296,13 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to `git log'
 	absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it
 	simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or
 	commit.  All merging is assumed to have taken place
-	independently of git-svn functions.
+	independently of 'git svn' functions.
+
+'create-ignore'::
+	Recursively finds the svn:ignore property on directories and
+	creates matching .gitignore files. The resulting files are staged to
+	be committed, but are not committed. Use -r/--revision to refer to a
+	specific revision.
 
 'show-ignore'::
 	Recursively finds and lists the svn:ignore property on
@@ -175,117 +311,193 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to `git log'
 
 'commit-diff'::
 	Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the
-	command-line.  This command is intended for interoperability with
-	git-svnimport and does not rely on being inside an git-svn
-	init-ed repository.  This command takes three arguments, (a) the
+	command-line.  This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn
+	init`-ed repository.  This command takes three arguments, (a) the
 	original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the
 	URL of the target Subversion repository.  The final argument
-	(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a git-svn-aware
-	repository (that has been init-ed with git-svn).
+	(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git svn'-aware
+	repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git svn').
 	The -r<revision> option is required for this.
 
---
+'info'::
+	Shows information about a file or directory similar to what
+	`svn info' provides.  Does not currently support a -r/--revision
+	argument.  Use the --url option to output only the value of the
+	'URL:' field.
+
+'proplist'::
+	Lists the properties stored in the Subversion repository about a
+	given file or directory.  Use -r/--revision to refer to a specific
+	Subversion revision.
+
+'propget'::
+	Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
+	file.  A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
+
+'show-externals'::
+	Shows the Subversion externals.  Use -r/--revision to specify a
+	specific revision.
+
+'reset'::
+	Undoes the effects of 'fetch' back to the specified revision.
+	This allows you to re-'fetch' an SVN revision.  Normally the
+	contents of an SVN revision should never change and 'reset'
+	should not be necessary.  However, if SVN permissions change,
+	or if you alter your --ignore-paths option, a 'fetch' may fail
+	with "not found in commit" (file not previously visible) or
+	"checksum mismatch" (missed a modification).  If the problem
+	file cannot be ignored forever (with --ignore-paths) the only
+	way to repair the repo is to use 'reset'.
++
+Only the rev_map and refs/remotes/git-svn are changed.  Follow 'reset'
+with a 'fetch' and then 'git reset' or 'git rebase' to move local
+branches onto the new tree.
+
+-r <n>;;
+--revision=<n>;;
+	Specify the most recent revision to keep.  All later revisions
+	are discarded.
+-p;;
+--parent;;
+	Discard the specified revision as well, keeping the nearest
+	parent instead.
+Example:;;
+Assume you have local changes in "master", but you need to refetch "r2".
++
+------------
+    r1---r2---r3 remotes/git-svn
+                \
+                 A---B master
+------------
++
+Fix the ignore-paths or SVN permissions problem that caused "r2" to
+be incomplete in the first place.  Then:
++
+[verse]
+git svn reset -r2 -p
+git svn fetch
++
+------------
+    r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
+      \
+       r2---r3---A---B master
+------------
++
+Then fixup "master" with 'git rebase'.
+Do NOT use 'git merge' or your history will not be compatible with a
+future 'dcommit'!
++
+[verse]
+git rebase --onto remotes/git-svn A^ master
++
+------------
+    r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
+                \
+                 A'--B' master
+------------
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
---
 
 --shared[={false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody}]::
 --template=<template_directory>::
 	Only used with the 'init' command.
-	These are passed directly to gitlink:git-init[1].
+	These are passed directly to 'git init'.
 
 -r <ARG>::
 --revision <ARG>::
-
-Used with the 'fetch' command.
-
+	   Used with the 'fetch' command.
++
 This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history
 to be supported.  $NUMBER, $NUMBER1:$NUMBER2 (numeric ranges),
 $NUMBER:HEAD, and BASE:$NUMBER are all supported.
-
++
 This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch;
 but is generally not recommended because history will be skipped
 and lost.
 
 -::
 --stdin::
-
-Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
-
+	Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
++
 Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse
 order.  Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so
-git-rev-list --pretty=oneline output can be used.
+'git rev-list --pretty=oneline' output can be used.
 
 --rmdir::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
 Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
 behind.  SVN can version empty directories, and they are not
 removed by default if there are no files left in them.  git
 cannot version empty directories.  Enabling this flag will make
 the commit to SVN act like git.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.rmdir
 
 -e::
 --edit::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
 Edit the commit message before committing to SVN.  This is off by
 default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing
 tree objects.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.edit
 
 -l<num>::
 --find-copies-harder::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
-They are both passed directly to git-diff-tree see
-gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] for more information.
-
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
+They are both passed directly to 'git diff-tree'; see
+linkgit:git-diff-tree[1] for more information.
++
 [verse]
 config key: svn.l
 config key: svn.findcopiesharder
 
 -A<filename>::
 --authors-file=<filename>::
-
-Syntax is compatible with the files used by git-svnimport and
-git-cvsimport:
-
+	Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport':
++
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-If this option is specified and git-svn encounters an SVN
-committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, git-svn
++
+If this option is specified and 'git svn' encounters an SVN
+committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, 'git svn'
 will abort operation. The user will then have to add the
-appropriate entry.  Re-running the previous git-svn command
+appropriate entry.  Re-running the previous 'git svn' command
 after the authors-file is modified should continue operation.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.authorsfile
 
+--authors-prog=<filename>::
+	If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that
+	does not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed
+	with the committer name as the first argument.  The program is
+	expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>",
+	which will be treated as if included in the authors file.
+
 -q::
 --quiet::
-	Make git-svn less verbose.
+	Make 'git svn' less verbose. Specify a second time to make it
+	even less verbose.
 
 --repack[=<n>]::
 --repack-flags=<flags>::
-
-These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches
-with many revisions.
-
+	These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches with
+	many revisions.
++
 --repack takes an optional argument for the number of revisions
 to fetch before repacking.  This defaults to repacking every
 1000 commits fetched if no argument is specified.
-
---repack-flags are passed directly to gitlink:git-repack[1].
-
++
+--repack-flags are passed directly to 'git repack'.
++
 [verse]
 config key: svn.repack
 config key: svn.repackflags
@@ -294,33 +506,36 @@ config key: svn.repackflags
 --merge::
 -s<strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
-
-These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
-
-Passed directly to git-rebase when using 'dcommit' if a
-'git-reset' cannot be used (see dcommit).
+	These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
++
+Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
+'git reset' cannot be used (see 'dcommit').
 
 -n::
 --dry-run::
-
-This is only used with the 'dcommit' command.
-
-Print out the series of git arguments that would show
+	This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and
+	'tag' commands.
++
+For 'dcommit', print out the series of git arguments that would show
 which diffs would be committed to SVN.
++
+For 'rebase', display the local branch associated with the upstream svn
+repository associated with the current branch and the URL of svn
+repository that will be fetched from.
++
+For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
+creating the branch or tag.
 
---
 
 ADVANCED OPTIONS
 ----------------
---
 
 -i<GIT_SVN_ID>::
 --id <GIT_SVN_ID>::
-
-This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment).  This
-allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
-when tracking a single URL.  The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
-no longer require this switch as an argument.
+	This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment).  This
+	allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
+	when tracking a single URL.  The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
+	no longer require this switch as an argument.
 
 -R<remote name>::
 --svn-remote <remote name>::
@@ -334,33 +549,30 @@ no longer require this switch as an argument.
 	started tracking a branch and never tracked the trunk it was
 	descended from. This feature is enabled by default, use
 	--no-follow-parent to disable it.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.followparent
 
---
 CONFIG FILE-ONLY OPTIONS
 ------------------------
---
 
 svn.noMetadata::
 svn-remote.<name>.noMetadata::
-
-This gets rid of the git-svn-id: lines at the end of every commit.
-
-If you lose your .git/svn/git-svn/.rev_db file, git-svn will not
+	This gets rid of the 'git-svn-id:' lines at the end of every commit.
++
+If you lose your .git/svn/git-svn/.rev_db file, 'git svn' will not
 be able to rebuild it and you won't be able to fetch again,
 either.  This is fine for one-shot imports.
-
-The 'git-svn log' command will not work on repositories using
++
+The 'git svn log' command will not work on repositories using
 this, either.  Using this conflicts with the 'useSvmProps'
 option for (hopefully) obvious reasons.
 
 svn.useSvmProps::
 svn-remote.<name>.useSvmProps::
-
-This allows git-svn to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
-mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
-
+	This allows 'git svn' to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
+	mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
++
 If an SVN revision has a property, "svm:headrev", it is likely
 that the revision was created by SVN::Mirror (also used by SVK).
 The property contains a repository UUID and a revision.  We want
@@ -377,43 +589,51 @@ svn-remote.<name>.useSvnsyncprops::
 
 svn-remote.<name>.rewriteRoot::
 	This allows users to create repositories from alternate
-	URLs.  For example, an administrator could run git-svn on the
+	URLs.  For example, an administrator could run 'git svn' on the
 	server locally (accessing via file://) but wish to distribute
 	the repository with a public http:// or svn:// URL in the
 	metadata so users of it will see the public URL.
 
+svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround::
+	This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround
+	broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients.  Set this
+	option to "false" if you track a SVN repository with many
+	empty blobs that are not symlinks.  This option may be changed
+	while 'git svn' is running and take effect on the next
+	revision fetched.  If unset, 'git svn' assumes this option to
+	be "true".
+
 Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, useSvnsyncProps and useSvmProps
-options all affect the metadata generated and used by git-svn; they
+options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git svn'; they
 *must* be set in the configuration file before any history is imported
 and these settings should never be changed once they are set.
 
 Additionally, only one of these four options can be used per-svn-remote
 section because they affect the 'git-svn-id:' metadata line.
 
---
 
 BASIC EXAMPLES
 --------------
 
-Tracking and contributing to a the trunk of a Subversion-managed project:
+Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project:
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Clone a repo (like git clone):
-	git-svn clone http://svn.foo.org/project/trunk
+	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project/trunk
 # Enter the newly cloned directory:
 	cd trunk
-# You should be on master branch, double-check with git-branch
+# You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
 	git branch
 # Do some work and commit locally to git:
 	git commit ...
 # Something is committed to SVN, rebase your local changes against the
 # latest changes in SVN:
-	git-svn rebase
+	git svn rebase
 # Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using git) to SVN,
 # as well as automatically updating your working HEAD:
-	git-svn dcommit
+	git svn dcommit
 # Append svn:ignore settings to the default git exclude file:
-	git-svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
+	git svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
@@ -421,9 +641,11 @@ Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Clone a repo (like git clone):
-	git-svn clone http://svn.foo.org/project -T trunk -b branches -t tags
+	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T trunk -b branches -t tags
 # View all branches and tags you have cloned:
 	git branch -r
+# Create a new branch in SVN
+    git svn branch waldo
 # Reset your master to trunk (or any other branch, replacing 'trunk'
 # with the appropriate name):
 	git reset --hard remotes/trunk
@@ -431,29 +653,97 @@ Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
 # of dcommit/rebase/show-ignore should be the same as above.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+The initial 'git svn clone' can be quite time-consuming
+(especially for large Subversion repositories). If multiple
+people (or one person with multiple machines) want to use
+'git svn' to interact with the same Subversion repository, you can
+do the initial 'git svn clone' to a repository on a server and
+have each person clone that repository with 'git clone':
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Do the initial import on a server
+	ssh server "cd /pub && git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project
+# Clone locally - make sure the refs/remotes/ space matches the server
+	mkdir project
+	cd project
+	git init
+	git remote add origin server:/pub/project
+	git config --add remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
+	git fetch
+# Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
+	git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
+# Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and -T/-b/-t options as were used on server)
+	git svn init http://svn.example.com/project
+# Pull the latest changes from Subversion
+	git svn rebase
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE
 ---------------------
 
-Originally, git-svn recommended that the remotes/git-svn branch be
+Originally, 'git svn' recommended that the 'remotes/git-svn' branch be
 pulled or merged from.  This is because the author favored
-'git-svn set-tree B' to commit a single head rather than the
-'git-svn set-tree A..B' notation to commit multiple commits.
+`git svn set-tree B` to commit a single head rather than the
+`git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits.
 
-If you use 'git-svn set-tree A..B' to commit several diffs and you do
+If you use `git svn set-tree A..B` to commit several diffs and you do
 not have the latest remotes/git-svn merged into my-branch, you should
-use 'git-svn rebase' to update your work branch instead of 'git pull' or
-'git merge'.  'pull/merge' can cause non-linear history to be flattened
+use `git svn rebase` to update your work branch instead of `git pull` or
+`git merge`.  `pull`/`merge` can cause non-linear history to be flattened
 when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing
 previous commits in SVN.
 
 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
 -----------------
 Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development
-with Subversion is cumbersome as a result.  git-svn does not do
-automated merge/branch tracking by default and leaves it entirely up to
-the user on the git side.  git-svn does however follow copy
-history of the directory that it is tracking, however (much like
-how 'svn log' works).
+with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result.  While 'git svn' can track
+copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
+standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
+inside git back upstream to SVN users.  Therefore it is advised that
+users keep history as linear as possible inside git to ease
+compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
+
+CAVEATS
+-------
+
+For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with a less-capable system
+(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
+directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
+operations between git repositories and branches.  The recommended
+method of exchanging code between git branches and users is
+'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
+
+Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
+plan to 'dcommit' from.  Subversion does not represent merges in any
+reasonable or useful fashion; so users using Subversion cannot see any
+merges you've made.  Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch
+that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
+branch.
+
+'git clone' does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
+any 'git svn' metadata, or config.  So repositories created and managed with
+using 'git svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
+at all.
+
+Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any git branches you 'git push' to
+before 'dcommit' on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
+on the remote repository.  This is generally considered bad practice,
+see the linkgit:git-push[1] documentation for details.
+
+Do not use the --amend option of linkgit:git-commit[1] on a change you've
+already dcommitted.  It is considered bad practice to --amend commits
+you've already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
+dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
+
+When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
+handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
+the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the same name).  In these cases,
+use 'init' to set up your git repository then, before your first 'fetch', edit
+the .git/config file so that the branches and tags are associated with
+different name spaces.  For example:
+
+	branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
+	branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
 
 BUGS
 ----
@@ -471,7 +761,7 @@ for git to detect them.
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-git-svn stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
+'git svn' stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
 repository .git/config file.  It is similar the core git
 [remote] sections except 'fetch' keys do not accept glob
 arguments; but they are instead handled by the 'branches'
@@ -482,22 +772,21 @@ listed below are allowed:
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [svn-remote "project-a"]
 	url = http://server.org/svn
+	fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
 	branches = branches/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
 	tags = tags/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
-	trunk = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Keep in mind that the '*' (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref
-(left of the ':') *must* be the farthest right path component;
-however the remote wildcard may be anywhere as long as it's own
-independent path componet (surrounded by '/' or EOL).   This
+Keep in mind that the '\*' (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref
+(right of the ':') *must* be the farthest right path component;
+however the remote wildcard may be anywhere as long as it's an
+independent path component (surrounded by '/' or EOL).   This
 type of configuration is not automatically created by 'init' and
-should be manually entered with a text-editor or using
-gitlink:git-config[1]
+should be manually entered with a text-editor or using 'git config'.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-rebase[1]
+linkgit:git-rebase[1]
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
index a88f722860..210fde03a1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-symbolic-ref - Read and modify symbolic refs
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-symbolic-ref' [-q] [-m <reason>] <name> [<ref>]
+'git symbolic-ref' [-q] [-m <reason>] <name> [<ref>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 -q::
+--quiet::
 	Do not issue an error message if the <name> is not a
 	symbolic ref but a detached HEAD; instead exit with
 	non-zero status silently.
@@ -48,14 +49,14 @@ cumbersome.  On some platforms, `ln -sf` does not even work as
 advertised (horrors).  Therefore symbolic links are now deprecated
 and symbolic refs are used by default.
 
-git-symbolic-ref will exit with status 0 if the contents of the
+'git-symbolic-ref' will exit with status 0 if the contents of the
 symbolic ref were printed correctly, with status 1 if the requested
 name is not a symbolic ref, or 128 if another error occurs.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index 70235e8ddb..fa733214ab 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f | -v] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]  <name> [<head>]
-'git-tag' -d <name>...
-'git-tag' -l [<pattern>]
+'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
+	<name> [<commit> | <object>]
+'git tag' -d <name>...
+'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [<pattern>]
+'git tag' -v <name>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,9 +24,12 @@ Unless `-f` is given, the tag must not yet exist in
 
 If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command
 creates a 'tag' object, and requires the tag message.  Unless
-`-m <msg>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type
+`-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type
 in the tag message.
 
+If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <key-id>`
+are absent, `-a` is implied.
+
 Otherwise just the SHA1 object name of the commit object is
 written (i.e. a lightweight tag).
 
@@ -33,13 +38,6 @@ A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
 committer identity for the current user is used to find the
 GnuPG key for signing.
 
-`-d <tag>` deletes the tag.
-
-`-v <tag>` verifies the gpg signature of the tag.
-
-`-l <pattern>` lists tags that match the given pattern (or all
-if no pattern is given).
-
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -a::
@@ -58,27 +56,46 @@ OPTIONS
 	Delete existing tags with the given names.
 
 -v::
-	Verify the gpg signature of given the tag
+	Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names.
+
+-n<num>::
+	<num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any,
+	are printed when using -l.
+	The default is not to print any annotation lines.
+	If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed.
+	If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.
 
 -l <pattern>::
-	List tags that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given).
+	List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given).
+	Typing "git tag" without arguments, also lists all tags.
+
+--contains <commit>::
+	Only list tags which contain the specified commit.
 
 -m <msg>::
-	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting)
+	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
+	If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
+	concatenated as separate paragraphs.
+	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
+	is given.
 
 -F <file>::
 	Take the tag message from the given file.  Use '-' to
 	read the message from the standard input.
+	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
+	is given.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-By default, git-tag in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
+By default, 'git-tag' in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
 committer identity (of the form "Your Name <your@email.address>") to
 find a key.  If you want to use a different default key, you can specify
 it in the repository configuration as follows:
 
+-------------------------------------
 [user]
     signingkey = <gpg-key-id>
+-------------------------------------
 
 
 DISCUSSION
@@ -106,12 +123,12 @@ and be done with it.
 
 . The insane thing.
 You really want to call the new version "X" too, 'even though'
-others have already seen the old one. So just use "git tag -f"
+others have already seen the old one. So just use 'git-tag -f'
 again, as if you hadn't already published the old one.
 
-However, Git does *not* (and it should not)change tags behind
-users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a "git
-pull" on your tree shouldn't just make them overwrite the old
+However, Git does *not* (and it should not) change tags behind
+users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a
+'git-pull' on your tree shouldn't just make them overwrite the old
 one.
 
 If somebody got a release tag from you, you cannot just change
@@ -165,7 +182,7 @@ private anchor point tags from the other person.
 
 You would notice "please pull" messages on the mailing list says
 repo URL and branch name alone.  This is designed to be easily
-cut&pasted to "git fetch" command line:
+cut&pasted to a 'git-fetch' command line:
 
 ------------
 Linus, please pull from
@@ -194,7 +211,7 @@ determines who are interested in whose tags.
 
 A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing
 the boundary between one circle of people (e.g. "people who are
-primarily interested in networking part of the kernel") who may
+primarily interested in the networking part of the kernel") who may
 have their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release
 candidate from the networking group to be proposed for general
 consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people
@@ -211,10 +228,31 @@ having tracking branches.  Again, the heuristic to automatically
 follow such tags is a good thing.
 
 
+On Backdating Tags
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like
+to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able
+to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object.  The data in
+the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the
+gitweb interface.
+
+To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment
+variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE to one or more of the date and time.  The
+date and time can be specified in a number of ways; the most common
+is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM".
+
+An example follows.
+
+------------
+$ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1
+------------
+
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>.
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>.
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -222,4 +260,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
index 595940524e..a5d9558dd1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
@@ -8,23 +8,23 @@ git-tar-tree - Create a tar archive of the files in the named tree object
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-tar-tree' [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [ <base> ]
+'git tar-tree' [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [ <base> ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-THIS COMMAND IS DEPRECATED.  Use `git-archive` with `--format=tar`
-option instead.
+THIS COMMAND IS DEPRECATED.  Use 'git-archive' with `--format=tar`
+option instead (and move the <base> argument to `--prefix=base/`).
 
 Creates a tar archive containing the tree structure for the named tree.
 When <base> is specified it is added as a leading path to the files in the
 generated tar archive.
 
-git-tar-tree behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when given
+'git-tar-tree' behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when given
 a commit ID or tag ID.  In the first case the current time is used as
 modification time of each file in the archive.  In the latter case the
 commit time as recorded in the referenced commit object is used instead.
 Additionally the commit ID is stored in a global extended pax header.
-It can be extracted using git-get-tar-commit-id.
+It can be extracted using 'git-get-tar-commit-id'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -42,16 +42,13 @@ OPTIONS
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-By default, file and directories modes are set to 0666 or 0777. It is
-possible to change this by setting the "umask" variable in the
-repository configuration as follows :
 
-[tar]
-        umask = 002	;# group friendly
-
-The special umask value "user" indicates that the user's current umask
-will be used instead.  The default value is 002, which means group
-readable/writable files and directories.
+tar.umask::
+	This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of
+	tar archive entries.  The default is 0002, which turns off the
+	world write bit.  The special value "user" indicates that the
+	archiving user's umask will be used instead.  See umask(2) for
+	details.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -89,5 +86,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tools.txt b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
index 10653ff898..a96403cb8c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tools.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ Alternative/Augmentative Porcelains
    providing generally smoother user experience than the "raw" Core GIT
    itself and indeed many other version control systems.
 
+   Cogito is no longer maintained as most of its functionality
+   is now in core GIT.
+
 
    - *pg* (http://www.spearce.org/category/projects/scm/pg/)
 
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ Alternative/Augmentative Porcelains
    - *StGit* (http://www.procode.org/stgit/)
 
    Stacked GIT provides a quilt-like patch management functionality in the
-    GIT environment. You can easily manage your patches in the scope of GIT
+   GIT environment. You can easily manage your patches in the scope of GIT
    until they get merged upstream.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
index 213dc8196b..995db9fead 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-unpack-file - Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-unpack-file' <blob>
+'git unpack-file' <blob>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -32,5 +32,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
index ff6184b0f7..36d1038056 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-unpack-objects - Unpack objects from a packed archive
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-unpack-objects' [-n] [-q] [-r] <pack-file
+'git unpack-objects' [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict] <pack-file
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ Objects that already exist in the repository will *not* be unpacked
 from the pack-file.  Therefore, nothing will be unpacked if you use
 this command on a pack-file that exists within the target repository.
 
-Please see the `git-repack` documentation for options to generate
+See linkgit:git-repack[1] for options to generate
 new packs and replace existing ones.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -n::
-        Only list the objects that would be unpacked, don't actually unpack
-        them.
+        Dry run.  Check the pack file without actually unpacking
+	the objects.
 
 -q::
 	The command usually shows percentage progress.  This
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	and make the best effort to recover as many objects as
 	possible.
 
+--strict::
+	Don't write objects with broken content or links.
+
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -51,5 +54,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index cd5e014d48..25e0bbea86 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ git-update-index - Register file contents in the working tree to the index
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-update-index'
+'git update-index'
 	     [--add] [--remove | --force-remove] [--replace]
 	     [--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing]
 	     [--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <file>]\*
 	     [--chmod=(+|-)x]
 	     [--assume-unchanged | --no-assume-unchanged]
+	     [--ignore-submodules]
 	     [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
 	     [--info-only] [--index-info]
 	     [-z] [--stdin]
@@ -27,7 +28,10 @@ Modifies the index or directory cache. Each file mentioned is updated
 into the index and any 'unmerged' or 'needs updating' state is
 cleared.
 
-The way "git-update-index" handles files it is told about can be modified
+See also linkgit:git-add[1] for a more user-friendly way to do some of
+the most common operations on the index.
+
+The way 'git-update-index' handles files it is told about can be modified
 using the various options:
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -49,11 +53,15 @@ OPTIONS
 -q::
         Quiet.  If --refresh finds that the index needs an update, the
         default behavior is to error out.  This option makes
-        git-update-index continue anyway.
+	'git-update-index' continue anyway.
+
+--ignore-submodules::
+	Do not try to update submodules.  This option is only respected
+	when passed before --refresh.
 
 --unmerged::
         If --refresh finds unmerged changes in the index, the default
-        behavior is to error out.  This option makes git-update-index 
+	behavior is to error out.  This option makes 'git-update-index'
         continue anyway.
 
 --ignore-missing::
@@ -61,17 +69,18 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --cacheinfo <mode> <object> <path>::
 	Directly insert the specified info into the index.
-	
+
 --index-info::
         Read index information from stdin.
 
 --chmod=(+|-)x::
-        Set the execute permissions on the updated files.        
+        Set the execute permissions on the updated files.
 
---assume-unchanged, --no-assume-unchanged::
-	When these flags are specified, the object name recorded
+--assume-unchanged::
+--no-assume-unchanged::
+	When these flags are specified, the object names recorded
 	for the paths are not updated.  Instead, these options
-	sets and unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the
+	set and unset the "assume unchanged" bit for the
 	paths.  When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, git stops
 	checking the working tree files for possible
 	modifications, so you need to manually unset the bit to
@@ -79,9 +88,20 @@ OPTIONS
 	sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a
 	filesystem that has very slow lstat(2) system call
 	(e.g. cifs).
-
---again, -g::
-	Runs `git-update-index` itself on the paths whose index
++
+This option can be also used as a coarse file-level mechanism
+to ignore uncommitted changes in tracked files (akin to what
+`.gitignore` does for untracked files).
+You should remember that an explicit 'git add' operation will
+still cause the file to be refreshed from the working tree.
+Git will fail (gracefully) in case it needs to modify this file
+in the index e.g. when merging in a commit;
+thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
+you will need to handle the situation manually.
+
+-g::
+--again::
+	Runs 'git-update-index' itself on the paths whose index
 	entries are different from those from the `HEAD` commit.
 
 --unresolve::
@@ -99,10 +119,10 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --replace::
 	By default, when a file `path` exists in the index,
-	git-update-index refuses an attempt to add `path/file`.
+	'git-update-index' refuses an attempt to add `path/file`.
 	Similarly if a file `path/file` exists, a file `path`
 	cannot be added.  With --replace flag, existing entries
-	that conflicts with the entry being added are
+	that conflict with the entry being added are
 	automatically removed with warning messages.
 
 --stdin::
@@ -123,7 +143,7 @@ OPTIONS
 <file>::
 	Files to act on.
 	Note that files beginning with '.' are discarded. This includes
-	`./file` and `dir/./file`. If you don't want this, then use	
+	`./file` and `dir/./file`. If you don't want this, then use
 	cleaner names.
 	The same applies to directories ending '/' and paths with '//'
 
@@ -135,7 +155,7 @@ up-to-date for mode/content changes. But what it *does* do is to
 can refresh the index for a file that hasn't been changed but where
 the stat entry is out of date.
 
-For example, you'd want to do this after doing a "git-read-tree", to link
+For example, you'd want to do this after doing a 'git-read-tree', to link
 up the stat index details with the proper files.
 
 Using --cacheinfo or --info-only
@@ -147,7 +167,7 @@ merging.
 To pretend you have a file with mode and sha1 at path, say:
 
 ----------------
-$ git-update-index --cacheinfo mode sha1 path
+$ git update-index --cacheinfo mode sha1 path
 ----------------
 
 '--info-only' is used to register files without placing them in the object
@@ -176,13 +196,13 @@ back on 3-way merge.
 
     . mode SP type SP sha1          TAB path
 +
-The second format is to stuff git-ls-tree output
+The second format is to stuff 'git-ls-tree' output
 into the index file.
 
     . mode         SP sha1 SP stage TAB path
 +
 This format is to put higher order stages into the
-index file and matches git-ls-files --stage output.
+index file and matches 'git-ls-files --stage' output.
 
 To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should
 first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and
@@ -237,13 +257,13 @@ In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use `--assume-unchanged`
 option.  To unset, use `--no-assume-unchanged`.
 
 The command looks at `core.ignorestat` configuration variable.  When
-this is true, paths updated with `git-update-index paths...` and
+this is true, paths updated with `git update-index paths...` and
 paths updated with other git commands that update both index and
-working tree (e.g. `git-apply --index`, `git-checkout-index -u`,
-and `git-read-tree -u`) are automatically marked as "assume
+working tree (e.g. 'git-apply --index', 'git-checkout-index -u',
+and 'git-read-tree -u') are automatically marked as "assume
 unchanged".  Note that "assume unchanged" bit is *not* set if
-`git-update-index --refresh` finds the working tree file matches
-the index (use `git-update-index --really-refresh` if you want
+`git update-index --refresh` finds the working tree file matches
+the index (use `git update-index --really-refresh` if you want
 to mark them as "assume unchanged").
 
 
@@ -252,7 +272,7 @@ Examples
 To update and refresh only the files already checked out:
 
 ----------------
-$ git-checkout-index -n -f -a && git-update-index --ignore-missing --refresh
+$ git checkout-index -n -f -a && git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh
 ----------------
 
 On an inefficient filesystem with `core.ignorestat` set::
@@ -289,24 +309,30 @@ Configuration
 
 The command honors `core.filemode` configuration variable.  If
 your repository is on an filesystem whose executable bits are
-unreliable, this should be set to 'false' (see gitlink:git-config[1]).
+unreliable, this should be set to 'false' (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded
 in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on
 executable bit.   On such an unfortunate filesystem, you may
-need to use `git-update-index --chmod=`.
+need to use 'git-update-index --chmod='.
 
 Quite similarly, if `core.symlinks` configuration variable is set
-to 'false' (see gitlink:git-config[1]), symbolic links are checked out
+to 'false' (see linkgit:git-config[1]), symbolic links are checked out
 as plain files, and this command does not modify a recorded file mode
 from symbolic link to regular file.
 
 The command looks at `core.ignorestat` configuration variable.  See
 'Using "assume unchanged" bit' section above.
 
+The command also looks at `core.trustctime` configuration variable.
+It can be useful when the inode change time is regularly modified by
+something outside Git (file system crawlers and backup systems use
+ctime for marking files processed) (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-config[1]
+linkgit:git-config[1],
+linkgit:git-add[1]
 
 
 Author
@@ -319,5 +345,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
index 9424feab32..9639f705af 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
@@ -7,18 +7,18 @@ git-update-ref - Update the object name stored in a ref safely
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-update-ref' [-m <reason>] (-d <ref> <oldvalue> | <ref> <newvalue> [<oldvalue>])
+'git update-ref' [-m <reason>] (-d <ref> [<oldvalue>] | [--no-deref] <ref> <newvalue> [<oldvalue>])
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Given two arguments, stores the <newvalue> in the <ref>, possibly
-dereferencing the symbolic refs.  E.g. `git-update-ref HEAD
+dereferencing the symbolic refs.  E.g. `git update-ref HEAD
 <newvalue>` updates the current branch head to the new object.
 
 Given three arguments, stores the <newvalue> in the <ref>,
 possibly dereferencing the symbolic refs, after verifying that
 the current value of the <ref> matches <oldvalue>.
-E.g. `git-update-ref refs/heads/master <newvalue> <oldvalue>`
+E.g. `git update-ref refs/heads/master <newvalue> <oldvalue>`
 updates the master branch head to <newvalue> only if its current
 value is <oldvalue>.  You can specify 40 "0" or an empty string
 as <oldvalue> to make sure that the ref you are creating does
@@ -36,9 +36,12 @@ them and update them as a regular file (i.e. it will allow the
 filesystem to follow them, but will overwrite such a symlink to
 somewhere else with a regular filename).
 
+If --no-deref is given, <ref> itself is overwritten, rather than
+the result of following the symbolic pointers.
+
 In general, using
 
-	git-update-ref HEAD "$head"
+	git update-ref HEAD "$head"
 
 should be a _lot_ safer than doing
 
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ still contains <oldvalue>.
 Logging Updates
 ---------------
 If config parameter "core.logAllRefUpdates" is true or the file
-"$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" exists then `git-update-ref` will append
+"$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" exists then `git update-ref` will append
 a line to the log file "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" (dereferencing all
 symbolic refs before creating the log name) describing the change
 in ref value.  Log lines are formatted as:
@@ -87,4 +90,4 @@ Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
index 88a03c7c5e..035cc3018f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-update-server-info - Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-update-server-info' [--force]
+'git update-server-info' [--force]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ generates such auxiliary files.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--f|--force::
+-f::
+--force::
 	Update the info files from scratch.
 
 
@@ -30,23 +31,17 @@ OUTPUT
 ------
 
 Currently the command updates the following files.  Please see
-link:repository-layout.html[repository-layout] for description
-of what they are for:
+linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for description of
+what they are for:
 
 * objects/info/packs
 
 * info/refs
 
 
-BUGS
-----
-When you remove an existing ref, the command fails to update
-info/refs file unless `--force` flag is given.
-
-
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -54,5 +49,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
index 403871d7c6..bbd7617587 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-upload-archive - Send archive back to git-archive
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-upload-archive' <directory>
+'git upload-archive' <directory>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -34,4 +34,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
index fd6519299a..b8e49dce4a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-upload-pack - Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-upload-pack' [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <directory>
+'git upload-pack' [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <directory>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ repository.  For push operations, see 'git-send-pack'.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-\--strict::
+--strict::
 	Do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no git directory.
 
-\--timeout=<n>::
+--timeout=<n>::
 	Interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity.
 
 <directory>::
@@ -43,4 +43,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index 9b0de1c111..e2f4c0901b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-var - Show a git logical variable
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-var' [ -l | <variable> ]
+'git var' [ -l | <variable> ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Cause the logical variables to be listed. In addition, all the
 	variables of the git configuration file .git/config are listed
 	as well. (However, the configuration variables listing functionality
-	is deprecated in favor of `git-config -l`.)
+	is deprecated in favor of 'git config -l'.)
 
 EXAMPLE
 --------
-	$ git-var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT
+	$ git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT
 	Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@lnxi.com> 1121223278 -0600
 
 
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ Diagnostics
 You don't exist. Go away!::
     The passwd(5) gecos field couldn't be read
 Your parents must have hated you!::
-    The password(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
+    The passwd(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
 Your sysadmin must hate you!::
-    The password(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
+    The passwd(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
 
-See Also
+SEE ALSO
 --------
-gitlink:git-commit-tree[1]
-gitlink:git-tag[1]
-gitlink:git-config[1]
+linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
+linkgit:git-tag[1]
+linkgit:git-config[1]
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -61,5 +61,4 @@ Documentation by Eric Biederman and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
index 7a6132b016..c8611632d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ git-verify-pack - Validate packed git archive files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-verify-pack' [-v] [--] <pack>.idx ...
+'git verify-pack' [-v] [--] <pack>.idx ...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads given idx file for packed git archive created with
-git-pack-objects command and verifies idx file and the
+Reads given idx file for packed git archive created with the
+'git-pack-objects' command and verifies idx file and the
 corresponding pack file.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -32,17 +32,17 @@ OUTPUT FORMAT
 -------------
 When specifying the -v option the format used is:
 
-	SHA1 type size offset-in-packfile
+	SHA1 type size size-in-pack-file offset-in-packfile
 
 for objects that are not deltified in the pack, and
 
-	SHA1 type size offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA1
+	SHA1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA1
 
 for objects that are deltified.
 
 Author
 ------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
@@ -50,5 +50,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
index 0f9bdb58dc..84e70a0234 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@ git-verify-tag(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-verify-tag - Check the GPG signature of tag
+git-verify-tag - Check the GPG signature of tags
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-verify-tag' <tag>
+'git verify-tag' <tag>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Validates the gpg signature created by git-tag.
+Validates the gpg signature created by 'git-tag'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<tag>::
-	SHA1 identifier of a git tag object.
+<tag>...::
+	SHA1 identifiers of git tag objects.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -28,5 +28,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..278cf73527
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+git-web--browse(1)
+==================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-web--browse - git helper script to launch a web browser
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git web--browse' [OPTIONS] URL/FILE ...
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This script tries, as much as possible, to display the URLs and FILEs
+that are passed as arguments, as HTML pages in new tabs on an already
+opened web browser.
+
+The following browsers (or commands) are currently supported:
+
+* firefox (this is the default under X Window when not using KDE)
+* iceweasel
+* konqueror (this is the default under KDE, see 'Note about konqueror' below)
+* w3m (this is the default outside graphical environments)
+* links
+* lynx
+* dillo
+* open (this is the default under Mac OS X GUI)
+* start (this is the default under MinGW)
+
+Custom commands may also be specified.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-b BROWSER::
+--browser=BROWSER::
+	Use the specified BROWSER. It must be in the list of supported
+	browsers.
+
+-t BROWSER::
+--tool=BROWSER::
+	Same as above.
+
+-c CONF.VAR::
+--config=CONF.VAR::
+	CONF.VAR is looked up in the git config files. If it's set,
+	then its value specify the browser that should be used.
+
+CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+-----------------------
+
+CONF.VAR (from -c option) and web.browser
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The web browser can be specified using a configuration variable passed
+with the -c (or --config) command line option, or the 'web.browser'
+configuration variable if the former is not used.
+
+browser.<tool>.path
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred browser by
+setting the configuration variable 'browser.<tool>.path'. For example,
+you can configure the absolute path to firefox by setting
+'browser.firefox.path'. Otherwise, 'git-web--browse' assumes the tool
+is available in PATH.
+
+browser.<tool>.cmd
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When the browser, specified by options or configuration variables, is
+not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
+'browser.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+variable exists then 'git-web--browse' will treat the specified tool
+as a custom command and will use a shell eval to run the command with
+the URLs passed as arguments.
+
+Note about konqueror
+--------------------
+
+When 'konqueror' is specified by a command line option or a
+configuration variable, we launch 'kfmclient' to try to open the HTML
+man page on an already opened konqueror in a new tab if possible.
+
+For consistency, we also try such a trick if 'browser.konqueror.path' is
+set to something like 'A_PATH_TO/konqueror'. That means we will try to
+launch 'A_PATH_TO/kfmclient' instead.
+
+If you really want to use 'konqueror', then you can use something like
+the following:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+	[web]
+		browser = konq
+
+	[browser "konq"]
+		cmd = A_PATH_TO/konqueror
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Note about git-config --global
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Note that these configuration variables should probably be set using
+the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git config --global web.browser firefox
+------------------------------------------------
+
+as they are probably more user specific than repository specific.
+See linkgit:git-config[1] for more information about this.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the git-list
+<git@vger.kernel.org>, based on 'git-mergetool' by Theodore Y. Ts'o.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the
+git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
index 399bff3bbc..cadfbd9040 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-whatchanged - Show logs with difference each commit introduces
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-whatchanged' <option>...
+'git whatchanged' <option>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -38,11 +38,6 @@ OPTIONS
 	Show git internal diff output, but for the whole tree,
 	not just the top level.
 
---pretty=<format>::
-	Controls the output format for the commit logs.
-	<format> can be one of 'raw', 'medium', 'short', 'full',
-	and 'oneline'.
-
 -m::
 	By default, differences for merge commits are not shown.
 	With this flag, show differences to that commit from all
@@ -51,14 +46,18 @@ OPTIONS
 However, it is not very useful in general, although it
 *is* useful on a file-by-file basis.
 
+include::pretty-options.txt[]
+
+include::pretty-formats.txt[]
+
 Examples
 --------
-git-whatchanged -p v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi::
+git whatchanged -p v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi::
 
 	Show as patches the commits since version 'v2.6.12' that changed
 	any file in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 
-git-whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
+git whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
 
 	Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ git-whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 
 
 Documentation
@@ -77,5 +76,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
index 96d5e07b11..26d3850e73 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-write-tree - Create a tree object from the current index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git-write-tree' [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]
+'git write-tree' [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ Creates a tree object using the current index.
 
 The index must be in a fully merged state.
 
-Conceptually, `git-write-tree` sync()s the current index contents
+Conceptually, 'git-write-tree' sync()s the current index contents
 into a set of tree files.
 In order to have that match what is actually in your directory right
-now, you need to have done a `git-update-index` phase before you did the
-`git-write-tree`.
+now, you need to have done a 'git-update-index' phase before you did the
+'git-write-tree'.
 
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --missing-ok::
-	Normally `git-write-tree` ensures that the objects referenced by the
+	Normally 'git-write-tree' ensures that the objects referenced by the
 	directory exist in the object database.  This option disables this
 	check.
 
@@ -46,5 +46,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 9defc33273..6fa0310e05 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-git(7)
+git(1)
 ======
 
 NAME
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ git - the stupid content tracker
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [-p|--paginate]
-    [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]
+'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path]
+    [-p|--paginate|--no-pager]
+    [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]
+    [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,48 +20,147 @@ Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
 and full access to internals.
 
-See this link:tutorial.html[tutorial] to get started, then see
+See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see
 link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of commands, and
 "man git-commandname" for documentation of each command.  CVS users may
-also want to read link:cvs-migration.html[CVS migration].
-link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] is still work in
-progress, but when finished hopefully it will guide a new user
-in a coherent way to git enlightenment ;-).
+also want to read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].  See
+the link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] for a more in-depth
+introduction.
 
 The COMMAND is either a name of a Git command (see below) or an alias
-as defined in the configuration file (see gitlink:git-config[1]).
+as defined in the configuration file (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest git
+documentation can be viewed at
+`http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/`.
 
 ifdef::stalenotes[]
 [NOTE]
 ============
-You are reading the documentation for the latest version of git.
+
+You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
+unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master'
+branch of the `git.git` repository.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.1.txt[release notes for 1.5.1]
+* link:v1.6.3.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.3.3]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt[1.6.3.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt[1.6.3.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt[1.6.3.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.txt[1.6.3].
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt[1.6.2.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt[1.6.2.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt[1.6.2.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt[1.6.2.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt[1.6.2.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.txt[1.6.2].
+
+* link:v1.6.1.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1.3]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt[1.6.1.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt[1.6.1.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt[1.6.1.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.txt[1.6.1].
+
+* link:v1.6.0.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt[1.6.0.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt[1.6.0.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.4.txt[1.6.0.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.3.txt[1.6.0.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt[1.6.0.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.1.txt[1.6.0.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.txt[1.6.0].
+
+* link:v1.5.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt[1.5.6.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.2.txt[1.5.6.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.txt[1.5.6].
+
+* link:v1.5.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt[1.5.5.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.5.txt[1.5.5.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.txt[1.5.5].
+
+* link:v1.5.4.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.7]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt[1.5.4.7],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.6.txt[1.5.4.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.txt[1.5.4].
+
+* link:v1.5.3.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.3.8]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.8.txt[1.5.3.8],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.7.txt[1.5.3.7],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.6.txt[1.5.3.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.5.txt[1.5.3.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.4.txt[1.5.3.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.3.txt[1.5.3.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.2.txt[1.5.3.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt[1.5.3.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.3.txt[1.5.3].
+
+* link:v1.5.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.2.5]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt[1.5.2.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.4.txt[1.5.2.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.3.txt[1.5.2.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt[1.5.2.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.1.txt[1.5.2.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.2.txt[1.5.2].
+
+* link:v1.5.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.1.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.6.txt[1.5.1.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt[1.5.1.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt[1.5.1.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.1.txt[1.5.1].
 
 * link:v1.5.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.7]
 
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.7.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.7]
-
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.6]
-
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.5]
-
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.3.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.3]
-
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.2.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.2]
-
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.1.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.1]
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
 
-* link:RelNotes-1.5.0.txt[release notes for 1.5.0]
-
-* link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.4.4.4]
-
-* link:v1.3.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.3.3]
-
-* link:v1.2.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.2.6]
-
-* link:v1.0.13/git.html[documentation for release 1.0.13]
+* documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4],
+  link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3],
+  link:v1.2.6/git.html[1.2.6],
+  link:v1.0.13/git.html[1.0.13].
 
 ============
 
@@ -72,25 +173,55 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --help::
 	Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
-	commands.  If a git command is named this option will bring up
-	the man-page for that command. If the option '--all' or '-a' is
-	given then all available commands are printed.
+	commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
+	available commands are printed. If a git command is named this
+	option will bring up the manual page for that command.
++
+Other options are available to control how the manual page is
+displayed. See linkgit:git-help[1] for more information,
+because `git --help ...` is converted internally into `git
+help ...`.
 
 --exec-path::
 	Path to wherever your core git programs are installed.
 	This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH
-	environment variable. If no path is given 'git' will print
+	environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
 	the current setting and then exit.
 
--p|--paginate::
+--html-path::
+	Print the path to wherever your git HTML documentation is installed
+	and exit.
+
+-p::
+--paginate::
 	Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER).
 
+--no-pager::
+	Do not pipe git output into a pager.
+
 --git-dir=<path>::
 	Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
-	setting the GIT_DIR environment variable.
+	setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute
+	path or relative path to current working directory.
+
+--work-tree=<path>::
+	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
+	used in combination with repositories found automatically in
+	a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+	This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE
+	environment variable and the core.worktree configuration
+	variable. It can be an absolute path or relative path to
+	the directory specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR.
+	Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
+	--work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
+	the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
+	of your working tree.
 
 --bare::
-	Same as --git-dir=`pwd`.
+	Treat the repository as a bare repository.  If GIT_DIR
+	environment is not set, it is set to the current working
+	directory.
+
 
 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
 ---------------------
@@ -98,13 +229,18 @@ FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
 See the references above to get started using git.  The following is
 probably more detail than necessary for a first-time user.
 
-The <<Discussion,Discussion>> section below and the
-link:core-tutorial.html[Core tutorial] both provide introductions to the
-underlying git architecture.
+The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
+introductions to the underlying git architecture.
+
+See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
 
 See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
 examples.
 
+The internals are documented in the
+link:technical/api-index.html[GIT API documentation].
+
 GIT COMMANDS
 ------------
 
@@ -148,8 +284,8 @@ Low-level commands (plumbing)
 Although git includes its
 own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support
 development of alternative porcelains.  Developers of such porcelains
-might start by reading about gitlink:git-update-index[1] and
-gitlink:git-read-tree[1].
+might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
+linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
 
 The interface (input, output, set of options and the semantics)
 to these low-level commands are meant to be a lot more stable
@@ -281,15 +417,15 @@ HEAD::
 	(i.e. the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/<head>`).
 
 For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 
 File/Directory Structure
 ------------------------
 
-Please see link:repository-layout.html[repository layout] document.
+Please see the linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] document.
 
-Read link:hooks.html[hooks] for more details about each hook.
+Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about each hook.
 
 Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the
 `$GIT_DIR`.
@@ -297,7 +433,7 @@ Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the
 
 Terminology
 -----------
-Please see link:glossary.html[glossary] document.
+Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
 
 Environment Variables
@@ -324,15 +460,30 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
 	Due to the immutable nature of git objects, old objects can be
 	archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
-	specifies a ":" separated list of git object directories which
-	can be used to search for git objects. New objects will not be
-	written to these directories.
+	specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
+	of git object directories which can be used to search for git
+	objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
 
 'GIT_DIR'::
 	If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
 	specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
 	for the base of the repository.
 
+'GIT_WORK_TREE'::
+	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
+	used in combination with repositories found automatically in
+	a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+	This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command line
+	option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
+
+'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
+	This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths.
+	If set, it is a list of directories that git should not chdir
+	up into while looking for a repository directory.
+	It will not exclude the current working directory or
+	a GIT_DIR set on the command line or in the environment.
+	(Useful for excluding slow-loading network directories.)
+
 git Commits
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
@@ -340,7 +491,9 @@ git Commits
 'GIT_AUTHOR_DATE'::
 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
-	see gitlink:git-commit-tree[1]
+'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'::
+'EMAIL'::
+	see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
 
 git Diffs
 ~~~~~~~~~
@@ -377,8 +530,42 @@ parameter, <path>.
 
 other
 ~~~~~
+'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY'::
+	A number controlling the amount of output shown by
+	the recursive merge strategy.  Overrides merge.verbosity.
+	See linkgit:git-merge[1]
+
 'GIT_PAGER'::
-	This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`.
+	This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
+	to an empty string or to the value "cat", git will not launch
+	a pager.  See also the `core.pager` option in
+	linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+'GIT_SSH'::
+	If this environment variable is set then 'git-fetch'
+	and 'git-push' will use this command instead
+	of 'ssh' when they need to connect to a remote system.
+	The '$GIT_SSH' command will be given exactly two arguments:
+	the 'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the
+	shell command to execute on that remote system.
++
+To pass options to the program that you want to list in GIT_SSH
+you will need to wrap the program and options into a shell script,
+then set GIT_SSH to refer to the shell script.
++
+Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
+personal `.ssh/config` file.  Please consult your ssh documentation
+for further details.
+
+'GIT_FLUSH'::
+	If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
+	as 'git-blame' (in incremental mode), 'git-rev-list', 'git-log',
+	and 'git-whatchanged' will force a flush of the output stream
+	after each commit-oriented record have been flushed.   If this
+	variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done
+	using completely buffered I/O.   If this environment variable is
+	not set, git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
+	based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
 
 'GIT_TRACE'::
 	If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
@@ -396,13 +583,62 @@ other
 
 Discussion[[Discussion]]
 ------------------------
-include::core-intro.txt[]
+
+More detail on the following is available from the
+link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7].
+
+A git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
+subdirectory at the top level.  The .git directory contains, among other
+things, a compressed object database representing the complete history
+of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current
+contents of the working tree, and named pointers into that history such
+as tags and branch heads.
+
+The object database contains objects of three main types: blobs, which
+hold file data; trees, which point to blobs and other trees to build up
+directory hierarchies; and commits, which each reference a single tree
+and some number of parent commits.
+
+The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or
+"version", represents a step in the project's history, and each parent
+represents an immediately preceding step.  Commits with more than one
+parent represent merges of independent lines of development.
+
+All objects are named by the SHA1 hash of their contents, normally
+written as a string of 40 hex digits.  Such names are globally unique.
+The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing
+just that commit.  A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this
+purpose.
+
+When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for
+efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files".
+
+Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history.  A ref
+may contain the SHA1 name of an object or the name of another ref.  Refs
+with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA1 name of the most
+recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development.  SHA1 names of
+tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`.  A special ref named
+`HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch.
+
+The index file is initialized with a list of all paths and, for each
+path, a blob object and a set of attributes.  The blob object represents
+the contents of the file as of the head of the current branch.  The
+attributes (last modified time, size, etc.) are taken from the
+corresponding file in the working tree.  Subsequent changes to the
+working tree can be found by comparing these attributes.  The index may
+be updated with new content, and new commits may be created from the
+content stored in the index.
+
+The index is also capable of storing multiple entries (called "stages")
+for a given pathname.  These stages are used to hold the various
+unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress.
 
 Authors
 -------
 * git's founding father is Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
-* The current git nurse is Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>.
-* The git potty was written by Andres Ericsson <ae@op5.se>.
+* The current git nurse is Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
+* The git potty was written by Andreas Ericsson <ae@op5.se>.
 * General upbringing is handled by the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
 Documentation
@@ -411,7 +647,14 @@ The documentation for git suite was started by David Greaves
 <david@dgreaves.com>, and later enhanced greatly by the
 contributors on the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual],
+linkgit:gitworkflows[7]
+
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aaa073efc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,667 @@
+gitattributes(5)
+================
+
+NAME
+----
+gitattributes - defining attributes per path
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+$GIT_DIR/info/attributes, .gitattributes
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+A `gitattributes` file is a simple text file that gives
+`attributes` to pathnames.
+
+Each line in `gitattributes` file is of form:
+
+	pattern	attr1 attr2 ...
+
+That is, a pattern followed by an attributes list,
+separated by whitespaces.  When the pattern matches the
+path in question, the attributes listed on the line are given to
+the path.
+
+Each attribute can be in one of these states for a given path:
+
+Set::
+
+	The path has the attribute with special value "true";
+	this is specified by listing only the name of the
+	attribute in the attribute list.
+
+Unset::
+
+	The path has the attribute with special value "false";
+	this is specified by listing the name of the attribute
+	prefixed with a dash `-` in the attribute list.
+
+Set to a value::
+
+	The path has the attribute with specified string value;
+	this is specified by listing the name of the attribute
+	followed by an equal sign `=` and its value in the
+	attribute list.
+
+Unspecified::
+
+	No pattern matches the path, and nothing says if
+	the path has or does not have the attribute, the
+	attribute for the path is said to be Unspecified.
+
+When more than one pattern matches the path, a later line
+overrides an earlier line.  This overriding is done per
+attribute.  The rules how the pattern matches paths are the
+same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5].
+
+When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, git
+consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest
+precedence), `.gitattributes` file in the same directory as the
+path in question, and its parent directories up to the toplevel of the
+work tree (the further the directory that contains `.gitattributes`
+is from the path in question, the lower its precedence).
+
+If you wish to affect only a single repository (i.e., to assign
+attributes to files that are particular to one user's workflow), then
+attributes should be placed in the `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file.
+Attributes which should be version-controlled and distributed to other
+repositories (i.e., attributes of interest to all users) should go into
+`.gitattributes` files.
+
+Sometimes you would need to override an setting of an attribute
+for a path to `unspecified` state.  This can be done by listing
+the name of the attribute prefixed with an exclamation point `!`.
+
+
+EFFECTS
+-------
+
+Certain operations by git can be influenced by assigning
+particular attributes to a path.  Currently, the following
+operations are attributes-aware.
+
+Checking-out and checking-in
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+These attributes affect how the contents stored in the
+repository are copied to the working tree files when commands
+such as 'git-checkout' and 'git-merge' run.  They also affect how
+git stores the contents you prepare in the working tree in the
+repository upon 'git-add' and 'git-commit'.
+
+`crlf`
+^^^^^^
+
+This attribute controls the line-ending convention.
+
+Set::
+
+	Setting the `crlf` attribute on a path is meant to mark
+	the path as a "text" file.  'core.autocrlf' conversion
+	takes place without guessing the content type by
+	inspection.
+
+Unset::
+
+	Unsetting the `crlf` attribute on a path tells git not to
+	attempt any end-of-line conversion upon checkin or checkout.
+
+Unspecified::
+
+	Unspecified `crlf` attribute tells git to apply the
+	`core.autocrlf` conversion when the file content looks
+	like text.
+
+Set to string value "input"::
+
+	This is similar to setting the attribute to `true`, but
+	also forces git to act as if `core.autocrlf` is set to
+	`input` for the path.
+
+Any other value set to `crlf` attribute is ignored and git acts
+as if the attribute is left unspecified.
+
+
+The `core.autocrlf` conversion
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+If the configuration variable `core.autocrlf` is false, no
+conversion is done.
+
+When `core.autocrlf` is true, it means that the platform wants
+CRLF line endings for files in the working tree, and you want to
+convert them back to the normal LF line endings when checking
+in to the repository.
+
+When `core.autocrlf` is set to "input", line endings are
+converted to LF upon checkin, but there is no conversion done
+upon checkout.
+
+If `core.safecrlf` is set to "true" or "warn", git verifies if
+the conversion is reversible for the current setting of
+`core.autocrlf`.  For "true", git rejects irreversible
+conversions; for "warn", git only prints a warning but accepts
+an irreversible conversion.  The safety triggers to prevent such
+a conversion done to the files in the work tree, but there are a
+few exceptions.  Even though...
+
+- 'git-add' itself does not touch the files in the work tree, the
+  next checkout would, so the safety triggers;
+
+- 'git-apply' to update a text file with a patch does touch the files
+  in the work tree, but the operation is about text files and CRLF
+  conversion is about fixing the line ending inconsistencies, so the
+  safety does not trigger;
+
+- 'git-diff' itself does not touch the files in the work tree, it is
+  often run to inspect the changes you intend to next 'git-add'.  To
+  catch potential problems early, safety triggers.
+
+
+`ident`
+^^^^^^^
+
+When the attribute `ident` is set for a path, git replaces
+`$Id$` in the blob object with `$Id:`, followed by the
+40-character hexadecimal blob object name, followed by a dollar
+sign `$` upon checkout.  Any byte sequence that begins with
+`$Id:` and ends with `$` in the worktree file is replaced
+with `$Id$` upon check-in.
+
+
+`filter`
+^^^^^^^^
+
+A `filter` attribute can be set to a string value that names a
+filter driver specified in the configuration.
+
+A filter driver consists of a `clean` command and a `smudge`
+command, either of which can be left unspecified.  Upon
+checkout, when the `smudge` command is specified, the command is
+fed the blob object from its standard input, and its standard
+output is used to update the worktree file.  Similarly, the
+`clean` command is used to convert the contents of worktree file
+upon checkin.
+
+A missing filter driver definition in the config is not an error
+but makes the filter a no-op passthru.
+
+The content filtering is done to massage the content into a
+shape that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and
+the user to use.  The key phrase here is "more convenient" and not
+"turning something unusable into usable".  In other words, the
+intent is that if someone unsets the filter driver definition,
+or does not have the appropriate filter program, the project
+should still be usable.
+
+
+Interaction between checkin/checkout attributes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In the check-in codepath, the worktree file is first converted
+with `filter` driver (if specified and corresponding driver
+defined), then the result is processed with `ident` (if
+specified), and then finally with `crlf` (again, if specified
+and applicable).
+
+In the check-out codepath, the blob content is first converted
+with `crlf`, and then `ident` and fed to `filter`.
+
+
+Generating diff text
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`diff`
+^^^^^^
+
+The attribute `diff` affects how 'git' generates diffs for particular
+files. It can tell git whether to generate a textual patch for the path
+or to treat the path as a binary file.  It can also affect what line is
+shown on the hunk header `@@ -k,l +n,m @@` line, tell git to use an
+external command to generate the diff, or ask git to convert binary
+files to a text format before generating the diff.
+
+Set::
+
+	A path to which the `diff` attribute is set is treated
+	as text, even when they contain byte values that
+	normally never appear in text files, such as NUL.
+
+Unset::
+
+	A path to which the `diff` attribute is unset will
+	generate `Binary files differ` (or a binary patch, if
+	binary patches are enabled).
+
+Unspecified::
+
+	A path to which the `diff` attribute is unspecified
+	first gets its contents inspected, and if it looks like
+	text, it is treated as text.  Otherwise it would
+	generate `Binary files differ`.
+
+String::
+
+	Diff is shown using the specified diff driver.  Each driver may
+	specify one or more options, as described in the following
+	section. The options for the diff driver "foo" are defined
+	by the configuration variables in the "diff.foo" section of the
+	git config file.
+
+
+Defining an external diff driver
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The definition of a diff driver is done in `gitconfig`, not
+`gitattributes` file, so strictly speaking this manual page is a
+wrong place to talk about it.  However...
+
+To define an external diff driver `jcdiff`, add a section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+[diff "jcdiff"]
+	command = j-c-diff
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+When git needs to show you a diff for the path with `diff`
+attribute set to `jcdiff`, it calls the command you specified
+with the above configuration, i.e. `j-c-diff`, with 7
+parameters, just like `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` program is called.
+See linkgit:git[1] for details.
+
+
+Defining a custom hunk-header
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Each group of changes (called a "hunk") in the textual diff output
+is prefixed with a line of the form:
+
+	@@ -k,l +n,m @@ TEXT
+
+This is called a 'hunk header'.  The "TEXT" portion is by default a line
+that begins with an alphabet, an underscore or a dollar sign; this
+matches what GNU 'diff -p' output uses.  This default selection however
+is not suited for some contents, and you can use a customized pattern
+to make a selection.
+
+First, in .gitattributes, you would assign the `diff` attribute
+for paths.
+
+------------------------
+*.tex	diff=tex
+------------------------
+
+Then, you would define a "diff.tex.xfuncname" configuration to
+specify a regular expression that matches a line that you would
+want to appear as the hunk header "TEXT". Add a section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
+
+------------------------
+[diff "tex"]
+	xfuncname = "^(\\\\(sub)*section\\{.*)$"
+------------------------
+
+Note.  A single level of backslashes are eaten by the
+configuration file parser, so you would need to double the
+backslashes; the pattern above picks a line that begins with a
+backslash, and zero or more occurrences of `sub` followed by
+`section` followed by open brace, to the end of line.
+
+There are a few built-in patterns to make this easier, and `tex`
+is one of them, so you do not have to write the above in your
+configuration file (you still need to enable this with the
+attribute mechanism, via `.gitattributes`).  The following built in
+patterns are available:
+
+- `bibtex` suitable for files with BibTeX coded references.
+
+- `cpp` suitable for source code in the C and C++ languages.
+
+- `html` suitable for HTML/XHTML documents.
+
+- `java` suitable for source code in the Java language.
+
+- `objc` suitable for source code in the Objective-C language.
+
+- `pascal` suitable for source code in the Pascal/Delphi language.
+
+- `php` suitable for source code in the PHP language.
+
+- `python` suitable for source code in the Python language.
+
+- `ruby` suitable for source code in the Ruby language.
+
+- `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents.
+
+
+Customizing word diff
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+You can customize the rules that `git diff --color-words` uses to
+split words in a line, by specifying an appropriate regular expression
+in the "diff.*.wordRegex" configuration variable.  For example, in TeX
+a backslash followed by a sequence of letters forms a command, but
+several such commands can be run together without intervening
+whitespace.  To separate them, use a regular expression in your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
+
+------------------------
+[diff "tex"]
+	wordRegex = "\\\\[a-zA-Z]+|[{}]|\\\\.|[^\\{}[:space:]]+"
+------------------------
+
+A built-in pattern is provided for all languages listed in the
+previous section.
+
+
+Performing text diffs of binary files
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Sometimes it is desirable to see the diff of a text-converted
+version of some binary files. For example, a word processor
+document can be converted to an ASCII text representation, and
+the diff of the text shown. Even though this conversion loses
+some information, the resulting diff is useful for human
+viewing (but cannot be applied directly).
+
+The `textconv` config option is used to define a program for
+performing such a conversion. The program should take a single
+argument, the name of a file to convert, and produce the
+resulting text on stdout.
+
+For example, to show the diff of the exif information of a
+file instead of the binary information (assuming you have the
+exif tool installed), add the following section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file):
+
+------------------------
+[diff "jpg"]
+	textconv = exif
+------------------------
+
+NOTE: The text conversion is generally a one-way conversion;
+in this example, we lose the actual image contents and focus
+just on the text data. This means that diffs generated by
+textconv are _not_ suitable for applying. For this reason,
+only `git diff` and the `git log` family of commands (i.e.,
+log, whatchanged, show) will perform text conversion. `git
+format-patch` will never generate this output. If you want to
+send somebody a text-converted diff of a binary file (e.g.,
+because it quickly conveys the changes you have made), you
+should generate it separately and send it as a comment _in
+addition to_ the usual binary diff that you might send.
+
+
+Performing a three-way merge
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`merge`
+^^^^^^^
+
+The attribute `merge` affects how three versions of a file is
+merged when a file-level merge is necessary during `git merge`,
+and other programs such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`.
+
+Set::
+
+	Built-in 3-way merge driver is used to merge the
+	contents in a way similar to 'merge' command of `RCS`
+	suite.  This is suitable for ordinary text files.
+
+Unset::
+
+	Take the version from the current branch as the
+	tentative merge result, and declare that the merge has
+	conflicts.  This is suitable for binary files that does
+	not have a well-defined merge semantics.
+
+Unspecified::
+
+	By default, this uses the same built-in 3-way merge
+	driver as is the case the `merge` attribute is set.
+	However, `merge.default` configuration variable can name
+	different merge driver to be used for paths to which the
+	`merge` attribute is unspecified.
+
+String::
+
+	3-way merge is performed using the specified custom
+	merge driver.  The built-in 3-way merge driver can be
+	explicitly specified by asking for "text" driver; the
+	built-in "take the current branch" driver can be
+	requested with "binary".
+
+
+Built-in merge drivers
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+There are a few built-in low-level merge drivers defined that
+can be asked for via the `merge` attribute.
+
+text::
+
+	Usual 3-way file level merge for text files.  Conflicted
+	regions are marked with conflict markers `<<<<<<<`,
+	`=======` and `>>>>>>>`.  The version from your branch
+	appears before the `=======` marker, and the version
+	from the merged branch appears after the `=======`
+	marker.
+
+binary::
+
+	Keep the version from your branch in the work tree, but
+	leave the path in the conflicted state for the user to
+	sort out.
+
+union::
+
+	Run 3-way file level merge for text files, but take
+	lines from both versions, instead of leaving conflict
+	markers.  This tends to leave the added lines in the
+	resulting file in random order and the user should
+	verify the result. Do not use this if you do not
+	understand the implications.
+
+
+Defining a custom merge driver
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The definition of a merge driver is done in the `.git/config`
+file, not in the `gitattributes` file, so strictly speaking this
+manual page is a wrong place to talk about it.  However...
+
+To define a custom merge driver `filfre`, add a section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+[merge "filfre"]
+	name = feel-free merge driver
+	driver = filfre %O %A %B
+	recursive = binary
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The `merge.*.name` variable gives the driver a human-readable
+name.
+
+The `merge.*.driver` variable's value is used to construct a
+command to run to merge ancestor's version (`%O`), current
+version (`%A`) and the other branches' version (`%B`).  These
+three tokens are replaced with the names of temporary files that
+hold the contents of these versions when the command line is
+built.
+
+The merge driver is expected to leave the result of the merge in
+the file named with `%A` by overwriting it, and exit with zero
+status if it managed to merge them cleanly, or non-zero if there
+were conflicts.
+
+The `merge.*.recursive` variable specifies what other merge
+driver to use when the merge driver is called for an internal
+merge between common ancestors, when there are more than one.
+When left unspecified, the driver itself is used for both
+internal merge and the final merge.
+
+
+Checking whitespace errors
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`whitespace`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The `core.whitespace` configuration variable allows you to define what
+'diff' and 'apply' should consider whitespace errors for all paths in
+the project (See linkgit:git-config[1]).  This attribute gives you finer
+control per path.
+
+Set::
+
+	Notice all types of potential whitespace errors known to git.
+
+Unset::
+
+	Do not notice anything as error.
+
+Unspecified::
+
+	Use the value of `core.whitespace` configuration variable to
+	decide what to notice as error.
+
+String::
+
+	Specify a comma separate list of common whitespace problems to
+	notice in the same format as `core.whitespace` configuration
+	variable.
+
+
+Creating an archive
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`export-ignore`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Files and directories with the attribute `export-ignore` won't be added to
+archive files.
+
+`export-subst`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+If the attribute `export-subst` is set for a file then git will expand
+several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.  The
+expansion depends on the availability of a commit ID, i.e., if
+linkgit:git-archive[1] has been given a tree instead of a commit or a
+tag then no replacement will be done.  The placeholders are the same
+as those for the option `--pretty=format:` of linkgit:git-log[1],
+except that they need to be wrapped like this: `$Format:PLACEHOLDERS$`
+in the file.  E.g. the string `$Format:%H$` will be replaced by the
+commit hash.
+
+
+Viewing files in GUI tools
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`encoding`
+^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The value of this attribute specifies the character encoding that should
+be used by GUI tools (e.g. linkgit:gitk[1] and linkgit:git-gui[1]) to
+display the contents of the relevant file. Note that due to performance
+considerations linkgit:gitk[1] does not use this attribute unless you
+manually enable per-file encodings in its options.
+
+If this attribute is not set or has an invalid value, the value of the
+`gui.encoding` configuration variable is used instead
+(See linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+
+USING ATTRIBUTE MACROS
+----------------------
+
+You do not want any end-of-line conversions applied to, nor textual diffs
+produced for, any binary file you track.  You would need to specify e.g.
+
+------------
+*.jpg -crlf -diff
+------------
+
+but that may become cumbersome, when you have many attributes.  Using
+attribute macros, you can specify groups of attributes set or unset at
+the same time.  The system knows a built-in attribute macro, `binary`:
+
+------------
+*.jpg binary
+------------
+
+which is equivalent to the above.  Note that the attribute macros can only
+be "Set" (see the above example that sets "binary" macro as if it were an
+ordinary attribute --- setting it in turn unsets "crlf" and "diff").
+
+
+DEFINING ATTRIBUTE MACROS
+-------------------------
+
+Custom attribute macros can be defined only in the `.gitattributes` file
+at the toplevel (i.e. not in any subdirectory).  The built-in attribute
+macro "binary" is equivalent to:
+
+------------
+[attr]binary -diff -crlf
+------------
+
+
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+
+If you have these three `gitattributes` file:
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+(in $GIT_DIR/info/attributes)
+
+a*	foo !bar -baz
+
+(in .gitattributes)
+abc	foo bar baz
+
+(in t/.gitattributes)
+ab*	merge=filfre
+abc	-foo -bar
+*.c	frotz
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+the attributes given to path `t/abc` are computed as follows:
+
+1. By examining `t/.gitattributes` (which is in the same
+   directory as the path in question), git finds that the first
+   line matches.  `merge` attribute is set.  It also finds that
+   the second line matches, and attributes `foo` and `bar`
+   are unset.
+
+2. Then it examines `.gitattributes` (which is in the parent
+   directory), and finds that the first line matches, but
+   `t/.gitattributes` file already decided how `merge`, `foo`
+   and `bar` attributes should be given to this path, so it
+   leaves `foo` and `bar` unset.  Attribute `baz` is set.
+
+3. Finally it examines `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes`.  This file
+   is used to override the in-tree settings.  The first line is
+   a match, and `foo` is set, `bar` is reverted to unspecified
+   state, and `baz` is unset.
+
+As the result, the attributes assignment to `t/abc` becomes:
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+foo	set to true
+bar	unspecified
+baz	set to false
+merge	set to string value "filfre"
+frotz	unspecified
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be39ed7c15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+gitcli(7)
+=========
+
+NAME
+----
+gitcli - git command line interface and conventions
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+gitcli
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This manual describes the convention used throughout git CLI.
+
+Many commands take revisions (most often "commits", but sometimes
+"tree-ish", depending on the context and command) and paths as their
+arguments.  Here are the rules:
+
+ * Revisions come first and then paths.
+   E.g. in `git diff v1.0 v2.0 arch/x86 include/asm-x86`,
+   `v1.0` and `v2.0` are revisions and `arch/x86` and `include/asm-x86`
+   are paths.
+
+ * When an argument can be misunderstood as either a revision or a path,
+   they can be disambiguated by placing `\--` between them.
+   E.g. `git diff \-- HEAD` is, "I have a file called HEAD in my work
+   tree.  Please show changes between the version I staged in the index
+   and what I have in the work tree for that file". not "show difference
+   between the HEAD commit and the work tree as a whole".  You can say
+   `git diff HEAD \--` to ask for the latter.
+
+ * Without disambiguating `\--`, git makes a reasonable guess, but errors
+   out and asking you to disambiguate when ambiguous.  E.g. if you have a
+   file called HEAD in your work tree, `git diff HEAD` is ambiguous, and
+   you have to say either `git diff HEAD \--` or `git diff \-- HEAD` to
+   disambiguate.
+
+When writing a script that is expected to handle random user-input, it is
+a good practice to make it explicit which arguments are which by placing
+disambiguating `\--` at appropriate places.
+
+Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are
+scripting git:
+
+ * it's preferred to use the non dashed form of git commands, which means that
+   you should prefer `git foo` to `git-foo`.
+
+ * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b`
+   to `git foo -ab`, the latter may not even work).
+
+ * when a command line option takes an argument, use the 'sticked' form.  In
+   other words, write `git foo -oArg` instead of `git foo -o Arg` for short
+   options, and `git foo --long-opt=Arg` instead of `git foo --long-opt Arg`
+   for long options.  An option that takes optional option-argument must be
+   written in the 'sticked' form.
+
+ * when you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is
+   not ambiguous with a name of a file in the work tree.  E.g. do not write
+   `git log -1 HEAD` but write `git log -1 HEAD --`; the former will not work
+   if you happen to have a file called `HEAD` in the work tree.
+
+
+ENHANCED OPTION PARSER
+----------------------
+From the git 1.5.4 series and further, many git commands (not all of them at the
+time of the writing though) come with an enhanced option parser.
+
+Here is an exhaustive list of the facilities provided by this option parser.
+
+
+Magic Options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Commands which have the enhanced option parser activated all understand a
+couple of magic command line options:
+
+-h::
+	gives a pretty printed usage of the command.
++
+---------------------------------------------
+$ git describe -h
+usage: git-describe [options] <committish>*
+
+    --contains            find the tag that comes after the commit
+    --debug               debug search strategy on stderr
+    --all                 use any ref in .git/refs
+    --tags                use any tag in .git/refs/tags
+    --abbrev [<n>]        use <n> digits to display SHA-1s
+    --candidates <n>      consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)
+---------------------------------------------
+
+--help-all::
+	Some git commands take options that are only used for plumbing or that
+	are deprecated, and such options are hidden from the default usage. This
+	option gives the full list of options.
+
+
+Negating options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Options with long option names can be negated by prefixing `--no-`. For
+example, `git branch` has the option `--track` which is 'on' by default. You
+can use `--no-track` to override that behaviour. The same goes for `--color`
+and `--no-color`.
+
+
+Aggregating short options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Commands that support the enhanced option parser allow you to aggregate short
+options. This means that you can for example use `git rm -rf` or
+`git clean -fdx`.
+
+
+Separating argument from the option
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+You can write the mandatory option parameter to an option as a separate
+word on the command line.  That means that all the following uses work:
+
+----------------------------
+$ git foo --long-opt=Arg
+$ git foo --long-opt Arg
+$ git foo -oArg
+$ git foo -o Arg
+----------------------------
+
+However, this is *NOT* allowed for switches with an optional value, where the
+'sticked' form must be used:
+----------------------------
+$ git describe --abbrev HEAD     # correct
+$ git describe --abbrev=10 HEAD  # correct
+$ git describe --abbrev 10 HEAD  # NOT WHAT YOU MEANT
+----------------------------
+
+
+NOTES ON FREQUENTLY CONFUSED OPTIONS
+------------------------------------
+
+Many commands that can work on files in the working tree
+and/or in the index can take `--cached` and/or `--index`
+options.  Sometimes people incorrectly think that, because
+the index was originally called cache, these two are
+synonyms.  They are *not* -- these two options mean very
+different things.
+
+ * The `--cached` option is used to ask a command that
+   usually works on files in the working tree to *only* work
+   with the index.  For example, `git grep`, when used
+   without a commit to specify from which commit to look for
+   strings in, usually works on files in the working tree,
+   but with the `--cached` option, it looks for strings in
+   the index.
+
+ * The `--index` option is used to ask a command that
+   usually works on files in the working tree to *also*
+   affect the index.  For example, `git stash apply` usually
+   merges changes recorded in a stash to the working tree,
+   but with the `--index` option, it also merges changes to
+   the index as well.
+
+`git apply` command can be used with `--cached` and
+`--index` (but not at the same time).  Usually the command
+only affects the files in the working tree, but with
+`--index`, it patches both the files and their index
+entries, and with `--cached`, it modifies only the index
+entries.
+
+See also http://marc.info/?l=git&m=116563135620359 and
+http://marc.info/?l=git&m=119150393620273 for further
+information.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by Pierre Habouzit and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/core-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 97cdb90cb4..7ba5e589d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/core-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -1,37 +1,35 @@
-A git core tutorial for developers
-==================================
+gitcore-tutorial(7)
+===================
 
-Introduction
-------------
+NAME
+----
+gitcore-tutorial - A git core tutorial for developers
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git *
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
 
-This is trying to be a short tutorial on setting up and using a git
-repository, mainly because being hands-on and using explicit examples is
-often the best way of explaining what is going on.
+This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git programs to set up and
+work with a git repository.
 
-In normal life, most people wouldn't use the "core" git programs
-directly, but rather script around them to make them more palatable. 
-Understanding the core git stuff may help some people get those scripts
-done, though, and it may also be instructive in helping people
-understand what it is that the higher-level helper scripts are actually
-doing. 
+If you just need to use git as a revision control system you may prefer
+to start with "A Tutorial Introduction to GIT" (linkgit:gittutorial[7]) or
+link:user-manual.html[the GIT User Manual].
+
+However, an understanding of these low-level tools can be helpful if
+you want to understand git's internals.
 
 The core git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user
 interfaces on top of it called "porcelain". You may not want to use the
 plumbing directly very often, but it can be good to know what the
 plumbing does for when the porcelain isn't flushing.
 
-The material presented here often goes deep describing how things
-work internally.  If you are mostly interested in using git as a
-SCM, you can skip them during your first pass.
-
-[NOTE]
-And those "too deep" descriptions are often marked as Note.
-
 [NOTE]
-If you are already familiar with another version control system,
-like CVS, you may want to take a look at
-link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT in 20 commands or so] first
-before reading this.
+Deeper technical details are often marked as Notes, which you can
+skip on your first reading.
 
 
 Creating a git repository
@@ -41,17 +39,17 @@ Creating a new git repository couldn't be easier: all git repositories start
 out empty, and the only thing you need to do is find yourself a
 subdirectory that you want to use as a working tree - either an empty
 one for a totally new project, or an existing working tree that you want
-to import into git. 
+to import into git.
 
 For our first example, we're going to start a totally new repository from
-scratch, with no pre-existing files, and we'll call it `git-tutorial`.
+scratch, with no pre-existing files, and we'll call it 'git-tutorial'.
 To start up, create a subdirectory for it, change into that
-subdirectory, and initialize the git infrastructure with `git-init`:
+subdirectory, and initialize the git infrastructure with 'git-init':
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ mkdir git-tutorial
 $ cd git-tutorial
-$ git-init
+$ git init
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 to which git will reply
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 which is just git's way of saying that you haven't been doing anything
 strange, and that it will have created a local `.git` directory setup for
 your new project. You will now have a `.git` directory, and you can
-inspect that with `ls`. For your new empty project, it should show you
+inspect that with 'ls'. For your new empty project, it should show you
 three entries, among other things:
 
  - a file called `HEAD`, that has `ref: refs/heads/master` in it.
@@ -110,8 +108,7 @@ references in these `refs` subdirectories when you actually start
 populating your tree.
 
 [NOTE]
-An advanced user may want to take a look at the
-link:repository-layout.html[repository layout] document
+An advanced user may want to take a look at linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
 after finishing this tutorial.
 
 You have now created your first git repository. Of course, since it's
@@ -142,7 +139,7 @@ but to actually check in your hard work, you will have to go through two steps:
  - commit that index file as an object.
 
 The first step is trivial: when you want to tell git about any changes
-to your working tree, you use the `git-update-index` program. That
+to your working tree, you use the 'git-update-index' program. That
 program normally just takes a list of filenames you want to update, but
 to avoid trivial mistakes, it refuses to add new entries to the index
 (or remove existing ones) unless you explicitly tell it that you're
@@ -152,7 +149,7 @@ adding a new entry with the `\--add` flag (or removing an entry with the
 So to populate the index with the two files you just created, you can do
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-update-index --add hello example
+$ git update-index --add hello example
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 and you have now told git to track those two files.
@@ -169,26 +166,26 @@ $ ls .git/objects/??/*
 and see two files:
 
 ----------------
-.git/objects/55/7db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 
+.git/objects/55/7db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238
 .git/objects/f2/4c74a2e500f5ee1332c86b94199f52b1d1d962
 ----------------
 
 which correspond with the objects with names of `557db...` and
 `f24c7...` respectively.
 
-If you want to, you can use `git-cat-file` to look at those objects, but
+If you want to, you can use 'git-cat-file' to look at those objects, but
 you'll have to use the object name, not the filename of the object:
 
 ----------------
-$ git-cat-file -t 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238
+$ git cat-file -t 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238
 ----------------
 
-where the `-t` tells `git-cat-file` to tell you what the "type" of the
+where the `-t` tells 'git-cat-file' to tell you what the "type" of the
 object is. git will tell you that you have a "blob" object (i.e., just a
 regular file), and you can see the contents with
 
 ----------------
-$ git-cat-file "blob" 557db03
+$ git cat-file "blob" 557db03
 ----------------
 
 which will print out "Hello World". The object `557db03` is nothing
@@ -208,7 +205,7 @@ hexadecimal digits in most places.
 Anyway, as we mentioned previously, you normally never actually take a
 look at the objects themselves, and typing long 40-character hex
 names is not something you'd normally want to do. The above digression
-was just to show that `git-update-index` did something magical, and
+was just to show that 'git-update-index' did something magical, and
 actually saved away the contents of your files into the git object
 database.
 
@@ -220,7 +217,7 @@ you have not actually really "checked in" your files into git so far,
 you've only *told* git about them.
 
 However, since git knows about them, you can now start using some of the
-most basic git commands to manipulate the files or look at their status. 
+most basic git commands to manipulate the files or look at their status.
 
 In particular, let's not even check in the two files into git yet, we'll
 start off by adding another line to `hello` first:
@@ -231,22 +228,22 @@ $ echo "It's a new day for git" >>hello
 
 and you can now, since you told git about the previous state of `hello`, ask
 git what has changed in the tree compared to your old index, using the
-`git-diff-files` command:
+'git-diff-files' command:
 
 ------------
-$ git-diff-files
+$ git diff-files
 ------------
 
 Oops. That wasn't very readable. It just spit out its own internal
-version of a `diff`, but that internal version really just tells you
+version of a 'diff', but that internal version really just tells you
 that it has noticed that "hello" has been modified, and that the old object
 contents it had have been replaced with something else.
 
-To make it readable, we can tell git-diff-files to output the
+To make it readable, we can tell 'git-diff-files' to output the
 differences as a patch, using the `-p` flag:
 
 ------------
-$ git-diff-files -p
+$ git diff-files -p
 diff --git a/hello b/hello
 index 557db03..263414f 100644
 --- a/hello
@@ -258,11 +255,11 @@ index 557db03..263414f 100644
 
 i.e. the diff of the change we caused by adding another line to `hello`.
 
-In other words, `git-diff-files` always shows us the difference between
+In other words, 'git-diff-files' always shows us the difference between
 what is recorded in the index, and what is currently in the working
 tree. That's very useful.
 
-A common shorthand for `git-diff-files -p` is to just write `git
+A common shorthand for `git diff-files -p` is to just write `git
 diff`, which will do the same thing.
 
 ------------
@@ -286,15 +283,15 @@ that in two phases: creating a 'tree' object, and committing that 'tree'
 object as a 'commit' object together with an explanation of what the
 tree was all about, along with information of how we came to that state.
 
-Creating a tree object is trivial, and is done with `git-write-tree`.
-There are no options or other input: git-write-tree will take the
+Creating a tree object is trivial, and is done with 'git-write-tree'.
+There are no options or other input: `git write-tree` will take the
 current index state, and write an object that describes that whole
 index. In other words, we're now tying together all the different
 filenames with their contents (and their permissions), and we're
 creating the equivalent of a git "directory" object:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-write-tree
+$ git write-tree
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 and this will just output the name of the resulting tree, in this case
@@ -305,35 +302,34 @@ and this will just output the name of the resulting tree, in this case
 ----------------
 
 which is another incomprehensible object name. Again, if you want to,
-you can use `git-cat-file -t 8988d\...` to see that this time the object
+you can use `git cat-file -t 8988d\...` to see that this time the object
 is not a "blob" object, but a "tree" object (you can also use
-`git-cat-file` to actually output the raw object contents, but you'll see
+`git cat-file` to actually output the raw object contents, but you'll see
 mainly a binary mess, so that's less interesting).
 
-However -- normally you'd never use `git-write-tree` on its own, because
+However -- normally you'd never use 'git-write-tree' on its own, because
 normally you always commit a tree into a commit object using the
-`git-commit-tree` command. In fact, it's easier to not actually use
-`git-write-tree` on its own at all, but to just pass its result in as an
-argument to `git-commit-tree`.
+'git-commit-tree' command. In fact, it's easier to not actually use
+'git-write-tree' on its own at all, but to just pass its result in as an
+argument to 'git-commit-tree'.
 
-`git-commit-tree` normally takes several arguments -- it wants to know
+'git-commit-tree' normally takes several arguments -- it wants to know
 what the 'parent' of a commit was, but since this is the first commit
 ever in this new repository, and it has no parents, we only need to pass in
-the object name of the tree. However, `git-commit-tree`
-also wants to get a commit message
-on its standard input, and it will write out the resulting object name for the
-commit to its standard output.
+the object name of the tree. However, 'git-commit-tree' also wants to get a
+commit message on its standard input, and it will write out the resulting
+object name for the commit to its standard output.
 
 And this is where we create the `.git/refs/heads/master` file
 which is pointed at by `HEAD`. This file is supposed to contain
 the reference to the top-of-tree of the master branch, and since
-that's exactly what `git-commit-tree` spits out, we can do this
+that's exactly what 'git-commit-tree' spits out, we can do this
 all with a sequence of simple shell commands:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ tree=$(git-write-tree)
-$ commit=$(echo 'Initial commit' | git-commit-tree $tree)
-$ git-update-ref HEAD $commit
+$ tree=$(git write-tree)
+$ commit=$(echo 'Initial commit' | git commit-tree $tree)
+$ git update-ref HEAD $commit
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 In this case this creates a totally new commit that is not related to
@@ -349,38 +345,38 @@ instead, and it would have done the above magic scripting for you.
 Making a change
 ---------------
 
-Remember how we did the `git-update-index` on file `hello` and then we
+Remember how we did the 'git-update-index' on file `hello` and then we
 changed `hello` afterward, and could compare the new state of `hello` with the
-state we saved in the index file? 
+state we saved in the index file?
 
-Further, remember how I said that `git-write-tree` writes the contents
+Further, remember how I said that 'git-write-tree' writes the contents
 of the *index* file to the tree, and thus what we just committed was in
 fact the *original* contents of the file `hello`, not the new ones. We did
 that on purpose, to show the difference between the index state, and the
 state in the working tree, and how they don't have to match, even
 when we commit things.
 
-As before, if we do `git-diff-files -p` in our git-tutorial project,
+As before, if we do `git diff-files -p` in our git-tutorial project,
 we'll still see the same difference we saw last time: the index file
 hasn't changed by the act of committing anything. However, now that we
 have committed something, we can also learn to use a new command:
-`git-diff-index`.
+'git-diff-index'.
 
-Unlike `git-diff-files`, which showed the difference between the index
-file and the working tree, `git-diff-index` shows the differences
+Unlike 'git-diff-files', which showed the difference between the index
+file and the working tree, 'git-diff-index' shows the differences
 between a committed *tree* and either the index file or the working
-tree. In other words, `git-diff-index` wants a tree to be diffed
+tree. In other words, 'git-diff-index' wants a tree to be diffed
 against, and before we did the commit, we couldn't do that, because we
-didn't have anything to diff against. 
+didn't have anything to diff against.
 
 But now we can do
 
 ----------------
-$ git-diff-index -p HEAD
+$ git diff-index -p HEAD
 ----------------
 
-(where `-p` has the same meaning as it did in `git-diff-files`), and it
-will show us the same difference, but for a totally different reason. 
+(where `-p` has the same meaning as it did in 'git-diff-files'), and it
+will show us the same difference, but for a totally different reason.
 Now we're comparing the working tree not against the index file,
 but against the tree we just wrote. It just so happens that those two
 are obviously the same, so we get the same result.
@@ -394,16 +390,16 @@ $ git diff HEAD
 
 which ends up doing the above for you.
 
-In other words, `git-diff-index` normally compares a tree against the
+In other words, 'git-diff-index' normally compares a tree against the
 working tree, but when given the `\--cached` flag, it is told to
 instead compare against just the index cache contents, and ignore the
 current working tree state entirely. Since we just wrote the index
-file to HEAD, doing `git-diff-index \--cached -p HEAD` should thus return
-an empty set of differences, and that's exactly what it does. 
+file to HEAD, doing `git diff-index \--cached -p HEAD` should thus return
+an empty set of differences, and that's exactly what it does.
 
 [NOTE]
 ================
-`git-diff-index` really always uses the index for its
+'git-diff-index' really always uses the index for its
 comparisons, and saying that it compares a tree against the working
 tree is thus not strictly accurate. In particular, the list of
 files to compare (the "meta-data") *always* comes from the index file,
@@ -426,17 +422,17 @@ work through the index file, so the first thing we need to do is to
 update the index cache:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-update-index hello
+$ git update-index hello
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 (note how we didn't need the `\--add` flag this time, since git knew
 about the file already).
 
-Note what happens to the different `git-diff-\*` versions here. After
-we've updated `hello` in the index, `git-diff-files -p` now shows no
-differences, but `git-diff-index -p HEAD` still *does* show that the
+Note what happens to the different 'git-diff-\*' versions here. After
+we've updated `hello` in the index, `git diff-files -p` now shows no
+differences, but `git diff-index -p HEAD` still *does* show that the
 current state is different from the state we committed. In fact, now
-`git-diff-index` shows the same difference whether we use the `--cached`
+'git-diff-index' shows the same difference whether we use the `--cached`
 flag or not, since now the index is coherent with the working tree.
 
 Now, since we've updated `hello` in the index, we can commit the new
@@ -464,7 +460,7 @@ You've now made your first real git commit. And if you're interested in
 looking at what `git commit` really does, feel free to investigate:
 it's a few very simple shell scripts to generate the helpful (?) commit
 message headers, and a few one-liners that actually do the
-commit itself (`git-commit`).
+commit itself ('git-commit').
 
 
 Inspecting Changes
@@ -472,16 +468,16 @@ Inspecting Changes
 
 While creating changes is useful, it's even more useful if you can tell
 later what changed. The most useful command for this is another of the
-`diff` family, namely `git-diff-tree`.
+'diff' family, namely 'git-diff-tree'.
 
-`git-diff-tree` can be given two arbitrary trees, and it will tell you the
+'git-diff-tree' can be given two arbitrary trees, and it will tell you the
 differences between them. Perhaps even more commonly, though, you can
 give it just a single commit object, and it will figure out the parent
 of that commit itself, and show the difference directly. Thus, to get
 the same diff that we've already seen several times, we can now do
 
 ----------------
-$ git-diff-tree -p HEAD
+$ git diff-tree -p HEAD
 ----------------
 
 (again, `-p` means to show the difference as a human-readable patch),
@@ -522,15 +518,15 @@ various diff-\* commands compare things.
                     +-----------+
 ============
 
-More interestingly, you can also give `git-diff-tree` the `--pretty` flag,
+More interestingly, you can also give 'git-diff-tree' the `--pretty` flag,
 which tells it to also show the commit message and author and date of the
 commit, and you can tell it to show a whole series of diffs.
 Alternatively, you can tell it to be "silent", and not show the diffs at
 all, but just show the actual commit message.
 
-In fact, together with the `git-rev-list` program (which generates a
-list of revisions), `git-diff-tree` ends up being a veritable fount of
-changes. A trivial (but very useful) script called `git-whatchanged` is
+In fact, together with the 'git-rev-list' program (which generates a
+list of revisions), 'git-diff-tree' ends up being a veritable fount of
+changes. A trivial (but very useful) script called 'git-whatchanged' is
 included with git which does exactly this, and shows a log of recent
 activities.
 
@@ -546,31 +542,26 @@ with the associated patches use the more complex (and much more
 powerful)
 
 ----------------
-$ git-whatchanged -p --root
+$ git whatchanged -p
 ----------------
 
 and you will see exactly what has changed in the repository over its
-short history. 
+short history.
 
 [NOTE]
-The `\--root` flag is a flag to `git-diff-tree` to tell it to
-show the initial aka 'root' commit too. Normally you'd probably not
-want to see the initial import diff, but since the tutorial project
-was started from scratch and is so small, we use it to make the result
-a bit more interesting.
+When using the above two commands, the initial commit will be shown.
+If this is a problem because it is huge, you can hide it by setting
+the log.showroot configuration variable to false. Having this, you
+can still show it for each command just adding the `\--root` option,
+which is a flag for 'git-diff-tree' accepted by both commands.
 
 With that, you should now be having some inkling of what git does, and
 can explore on your own.
 
 [NOTE]
 Most likely, you are not directly using the core
-git Plumbing commands, but using Porcelain like Cogito on top
-of it. Cogito works a bit differently and you usually do not
-have to run `git-update-index` yourself for changed files (you
-do tell underlying git about additions and removals via
-`cg-add` and `cg-rm` commands). Just before you make a commit
-with `cg-commit`, Cogito figures out which files you modified,
-and runs `git-update-index` on them for you.
+git Plumbing commands, but using Porcelain such as 'git-add', `git-rm'
+and `git-commit'.
 
 
 Tagging a version
@@ -594,7 +585,7 @@ particular state. You can, for example, do
 $ git diff my-first-tag
 ----------------
 
-to diff your current state against that tag (which at this point will
+to diff your current state against that tag which at this point will
 obviously be an empty diff, but if you continue to develop and commit
 stuff, you can use your tag as an "anchor-point" to see what has changed
 since you tagged it.
@@ -604,7 +595,7 @@ pointer to the state you want to tag, but also a small tag name and
 message, along with optionally a PGP signature that says that yes,
 you really did
 that tag. You create these annotated tags with either the `-a` or
-`-s` flag to `git tag`:
+`-s` flag to 'git-tag':
 
 ----------------
 $ git tag -s <tagname>
@@ -638,7 +629,7 @@ So the mental model of "the git information is always tied directly to
 the working tree that it describes" may not be technically 100%
 accurate, but it's a good model for all normal use.
 
-This has two implications: 
+This has two implications:
 
  - if you grow bored with the tutorial repository you created (or you've
    made a mistake and want to start all over), you can just do simple
@@ -651,7 +642,7 @@ and it will be gone. There's no external repository, and there's no
 history outside the project you created.
 
  - if you want to move or duplicate a git repository, you can do so. There
-   is `git clone` command, but if all you want to do is just to
+   is 'git-clone' command, but if all you want to do is just to
    create a copy of your repository (with all the full history that
    went along with it), you can do so with a regular
    `cp -a git-tutorial new-git-tutorial`.
@@ -662,31 +653,31 @@ information for the files involved) will likely need to be refreshed.
 So after you do a `cp -a` to create a new copy, you'll want to do
 +
 ----------------
-$ git-update-index --refresh
+$ git update-index --refresh
 ----------------
 +
 in the new repository to make sure that the index file is up-to-date.
 
 Note that the second point is true even across machines. You can
 duplicate a remote git repository with *any* regular copy mechanism, be it
-`scp`, `rsync` or `wget`.
+'scp', 'rsync' or 'wget'.
 
 When copying a remote repository, you'll want to at a minimum update the
 index cache when you do this, and especially with other peoples'
 repositories you often want to make sure that the index cache is in some
 known state (you don't know *what* they've done and not yet checked in),
-so usually you'll precede the `git-update-index` with a
+so usually you'll precede the 'git-update-index' with a
 
 ----------------
-$ git-read-tree --reset HEAD
-$ git-update-index --refresh
+$ git read-tree --reset HEAD
+$ git update-index --refresh
 ----------------
 
 which will force a total index re-build from the tree pointed to by `HEAD`.
-It resets the index contents to `HEAD`, and then the `git-update-index`
+It resets the index contents to `HEAD`, and then the 'git-update-index'
 makes sure to match up all index entries with the checked-out files.
 If the original repository had uncommitted changes in its
-working tree, `git-update-index --refresh` notices them and
+working tree, `git update-index --refresh` notices them and
 tells you they need to be updated.
 
 The above can also be written as simply
@@ -697,16 +688,16 @@ $ git reset
 
 and in fact a lot of the common git command combinations can be scripted
 with the `git xyz` interfaces.  You can learn things by just looking
-at what the various git scripts do.  For example, `git reset` is the
-above two lines implemented in `git-reset`, but some things like
-`git status` and `git commit` are slightly more complex scripts around
+at what the various git scripts do.  For example, `git reset` used to be
+the above two lines implemented in 'git-reset', but some things like
+'git-status' and 'git-commit' are slightly more complex scripts around
 the basic git commands.
 
 Many (most?) public remote repositories will not contain any of
 the checked out files or even an index file, and will *only* contain the
 actual core git files. Such a repository usually doesn't even have the
 `.git` subdirectory, but has all the git files directly in the
-repository. 
+repository.
 
 To create your own local live copy of such a "raw" git repository, you'd
 first create your own subdirectory for the project, and then copy the
@@ -719,10 +710,10 @@ $ cd my-git
 $ rsync -rL rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/ .git
 ----------------
 
-followed by 
+followed by
 
 ----------------
-$ git-read-tree HEAD
+$ git read-tree HEAD
 ----------------
 
 to populate the index. However, now you have populated the index, and
@@ -731,15 +722,15 @@ actually have any of the working tree files to work on. To get
 those, you'd check them out with
 
 ----------------
-$ git-checkout-index -u -a
+$ git checkout-index -u -a
 ----------------
 
 where the `-u` flag means that you want the checkout to keep the index
 up-to-date (so that you don't have to refresh it afterward), and the
 `-a` flag means "check out all files" (if you have a stale copy or an
 older version of a checked out tree you may also need to add the `-f`
-flag first, to tell git-checkout-index to *force* overwriting of any old
-files). 
+flag first, to tell 'git-checkout-index' to *force* overwriting of any old
+files).
 
 Again, this can all be simplified with
 
@@ -752,7 +743,7 @@ $ git checkout
 which will end up doing all of the above for you.
 
 You have now successfully copied somebody else's (mine) remote
-repository, and checked it out. 
+repository, and checked it out.
 
 
 Creating a new branch
@@ -761,14 +752,14 @@ Creating a new branch
 Branches in git are really nothing more than pointers into the git
 object database from within the `.git/refs/` subdirectory, and as we
 already discussed, the `HEAD` branch is nothing but a symlink to one of
-these object pointers. 
+these object pointers.
 
 You can at any time create a new branch by just picking an arbitrary
 point in the project history, and just writing the SHA1 name of that
 object into a file under `.git/refs/heads/`. You can use any filename you
 want (and indeed, subdirectories), but the convention is that the
 "normal" branch is called `master`. That's just a convention, though,
-and nothing enforces it. 
+and nothing enforces it.
 
 To show that as an example, let's go back to the git-tutorial repository we
 used earlier, and create a branch in it. You do that by simply just
@@ -779,13 +770,13 @@ $ git checkout -b mybranch
 ------------
 
 will create a new branch based at the current `HEAD` position, and switch
-to it. 
+to it.
 
 [NOTE]
 ================================================
 If you make the decision to start your new branch at some
 other point in the history than the current `HEAD`, you can do so by
-just telling `git checkout` what the base of the checkout would be.
+just telling 'git-checkout' what the base of the checkout would be.
 In other words, if you have an earlier tag or branch, you'd just do
 
 ------------
@@ -816,8 +807,8 @@ you have, you can say
 $ git branch
 ------------
 
-which is nothing more than a simple script around `ls .git/refs/heads`.
-There will be asterisk in front of the branch you are currently on.
+which used to be nothing more than a simple script around `ls .git/refs/heads`.
+There will be an asterisk in front of the branch you are currently on.
 
 Sometimes you may wish to create a new branch _without_ actually
 checking it out and switching to it. If so, just use the command
@@ -826,9 +817,9 @@ checking it out and switching to it. If so, just use the command
 $ git branch <branchname> [startingpoint]
 ------------
 
-which will simply _create_ the branch, but will not do anything further. 
+which will simply _create_ the branch, but will not do anything further.
 You can then later -- once you decide that you want to actually develop
-on that branch -- switch to that branch with a regular `git checkout`
+on that branch -- switch to that branch with a regular 'git-checkout'
 with the branchname as the argument.
 
 
@@ -844,11 +835,11 @@ that branch, and do some work there.
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout mybranch
 $ echo "Work, work, work" >>hello
-$ git commit -m 'Some work.' -i hello
+$ git commit -m "Some work." -i hello
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 Here, we just added another line to `hello`, and we used a shorthand for
-doing both `git-update-index hello` and `git commit` by just giving the
+doing both `git update-index hello` and `git commit` by just giving the
 filename directly to `git commit`, with an `-i` flag (it tells
 git to 'include' that file in addition to what you have done to
 the index file so far when making the commit).  The `-m` flag is to give the
@@ -869,7 +860,7 @@ hasn't happened in the `master` branch at all. Then do
 ------------
 $ echo "Play, play, play" >>hello
 $ echo "Lots of fun" >>example
-$ git commit -m 'Some fun.' -i hello example
+$ git commit -m "Some fun." -i hello example
 ------------
 
 since the master branch is obviously in a much better mood.
@@ -885,16 +876,16 @@ $ gitk --all
 will show you graphically both of your branches (that's what the `\--all`
 means: normally it will just show you your current `HEAD`) and their
 histories. You can also see exactly how they came to be from a common
-source. 
+source.
 
-Anyway, let's exit `gitk` (`^Q` or the File menu), and decide that we want
+Anyway, let's exit 'gitk' (`^Q` or the File menu), and decide that we want
 to merge the work we did on the `mybranch` branch into the `master`
 branch (which is currently our `HEAD` too). To do that, there's a nice
-script called `git merge`, which wants to know which branches you want
+script called 'git-merge', which wants to know which branches you want
 to resolve and what the merge is all about:
 
 ------------
-$ git merge "Merge work in mybranch" HEAD mybranch
+$ git merge -m "Merge work in mybranch" mybranch
 ------------
 
 where the first argument is going to be used as the commit message if
@@ -906,9 +897,9 @@ of it as it can automatically (which in this case is just merge the `example`
 file, which had no differences in the `mybranch` branch), and say:
 
 ----------------
-	Auto-merging hello 
-	CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in hello 
-	Automatic merge failed; fix up by hand
+	Auto-merging hello
+	CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in hello
+	Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
 ----------------
 
 It tells you that it did an "Automatic merge", which
@@ -934,7 +925,7 @@ $ git commit -i hello
 
 which will very loudly warn you that you're now committing a merge
 (which is correct, so never mind), and you can write a small merge
-message about your adventures in git-merge-land.
+message about your adventures in 'git-merge'-land.
 
 After you're done, start up `gitk \--all` to see graphically what the
 history looks like. Notice that `mybranch` still exists, and you can
@@ -947,12 +938,13 @@ Another useful tool, especially if you do not always work in X-Window
 environment, is `git show-branch`.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git show-branch --topo-order master mybranch
+$ git show-branch --topo-order --more=1 master mybranch
 * [master] Merge work in mybranch
  ! [mybranch] Some work.
 --
 -  [master] Merge work in mybranch
 *+ [mybranch] Some work.
+*  [master^] Some fun.
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 The first two lines indicate that it is showing the two branches
@@ -963,25 +955,37 @@ the later output lines is used to show commits contained in the
 `master` branch, and the second column for the `mybranch`
 branch. Three commits are shown along with their log messages.
 All of them have non blank characters in the first column (`*`
-shows an ordinary commit on the current branch, `.` is a merge commit), which
+shows an ordinary commit on the current branch, `-` is a merge commit), which
 means they are now part of the `master` branch. Only the "Some
 work" commit has the plus `+` character in the second column,
 because `mybranch` has not been merged to incorporate these
 commits from the master branch.  The string inside brackets
 before the commit log message is a short name you can use to
 name the commit.  In the above example, 'master' and 'mybranch'
-are branch heads.  'master~1' is the first parent of 'master'
-branch head.  Please see 'git-rev-parse' documentation if you
+are branch heads.  'master^' is the first parent of 'master'
+branch head.  Please see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] if you want to
 see more complex cases.
 
+[NOTE]
+Without the '--more=1' option, 'git-show-branch' would not output the
+'[master^]' commit, as '[mybranch]' commit is a common ancestor of
+both 'master' and 'mybranch' tips.  Please see linkgit:git-show-branch[1]
+for details.
+
+[NOTE]
+If there were more commits on the 'master' branch after the merge, the
+merge commit itself would not be shown by 'git-show-branch' by
+default.  You would need to provide '--sparse' option to make the
+merge commit visible in this case.
+
 Now, let's pretend you are the one who did all the work in
 `mybranch`, and the fruit of your hard work has finally been merged
 to the `master` branch. Let's go back to `mybranch`, and run
-`git merge` to get the "upstream changes" back to your branch.
+'git-merge' to get the "upstream changes" back to your branch.
 
 ------------
 $ git checkout mybranch
-$ git merge "Merge upstream changes." HEAD master
+$ git merge -m "Merge upstream changes." master
 ------------
 
 This outputs something like this (the actual commit object names
@@ -989,20 +993,20 @@ would be different)
 
 ----------------
 Updating from ae3a2da... to a80b4aa....
-Fast forward
+Fast forward (no commit created; -m option ignored)
  example |    1 +
  hello   |    1 +
  2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 ----------------
 
-Because your branch did not contain anything more than what are
-already merged into the `master` branch, the merge operation did
+Because your branch did not contain anything more than what had
+already been merged into the `master` branch, the merge operation did
 not actually do a merge. Instead, it just updated the top of
 the tree of your branch to that of the `master` branch. This is
 often called 'fast forward' merge.
 
 You can run `gitk \--all` again to see how the commit ancestry
-looks like, or run `show-branch`, which tells you this.
+looks like, or run 'show-branch', which tells you this.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git show-branch master mybranch
@@ -1019,12 +1023,12 @@ Merging external work
 It's usually much more common that you merge with somebody else than
 merging with your own branches, so it's worth pointing out that git
 makes that very easy too, and in fact, it's not that different from
-doing a `git merge`. In fact, a remote merge ends up being nothing
+doing a 'git-merge'. In fact, a remote merge ends up being nothing
 more than "fetch the work from a remote repository into a temporary tag"
-followed by a `git merge`.
+followed by a 'git-merge'.
 
 Fetching from a remote repository is done by, unsurprisingly,
-`git fetch`:
+'git-fetch':
 
 ----------------
 $ git fetch <remote-repository>
@@ -1062,9 +1066,9 @@ most efficient way to exchange git objects between repositories.
 Local directory::
 	`/path/to/repo.git/`
 +
-This transport is the same as SSH transport but uses `sh` to run
+This transport is the same as SSH transport but uses 'sh' to run
 both ends on the local machine instead of running other end on
-the remote machine via `ssh`.
+the remote machine via 'ssh'.
 
 git Native::
 	`git://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/`
@@ -1091,13 +1095,8 @@ The 'commit walkers' are sometimes also called 'dumb
 transports', because they do not require any git aware smart
 server like git Native transport does.  Any stock HTTP server
 that does not even support directory index would suffice.  But
-you must prepare your repository with `git-update-server-info`
+you must prepare your repository with 'git-update-server-info'
 to help dumb transport downloaders.
-+
-There are (confusingly enough) `git-ssh-fetch` and `git-ssh-upload`
-programs, which are 'commit walkers'; they outlived their
-usefulness when git Native and SSH transports were introduced,
-and not used by `git pull` or `git push` scripts.
 
 Once you fetch from the remote repository, you `merge` that
 with your current branch.
@@ -1116,7 +1115,7 @@ argument.
 [NOTE]
 You could do without using any branches at all, by
 keeping as many local repositories as you would like to have
-branches, and merging between them with `git pull`, just like
+branches, and merging between them with 'git-pull', just like
 you merge between branches. The advantage of this approach is
 that it lets you keep a set of files for each `branch` checked
 out and you may find it easier to switch back and forth if you
@@ -1133,7 +1132,7 @@ like this:
 $ git config remote.linus.url http://www.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and use the "linus" keyword with `git pull` instead of the full URL.
+and use the "linus" keyword with 'git-pull' instead of the full URL.
 
 Examples.
 
@@ -1160,7 +1159,7 @@ back to the earlier repository with "hello" and "example" file,
 and bring ourselves back to the pre-merge state:
 
 ------------
-$ git show-branch --more=3 master mybranch
+$ git show-branch --more=2 master mybranch
 ! [master] Merge work in mybranch
  * [mybranch] Merge work in mybranch
 --
@@ -1169,7 +1168,7 @@ $ git show-branch --more=3 master mybranch
 +* [master^] Some fun.
 ------------
 
-Remember, before running `git merge`, our `master` head was at
+Remember, before running 'git-merge', our `master` head was at
 "Some fun." commit, while our `mybranch` head was at "Some
 work." commit.
 
@@ -1196,20 +1195,20 @@ Now we are ready to experiment with the merge by hand.
 
 `git merge` command, when merging two branches, uses 3-way merge
 algorithm.  First, it finds the common ancestor between them.
-The command it uses is `git-merge-base`:
+The command it uses is 'git-merge-base':
 
 ------------
-$ mb=$(git-merge-base HEAD mybranch)
+$ mb=$(git merge-base HEAD mybranch)
 ------------
 
 The command writes the commit object name of the common ancestor
 to the standard output, so we captured its output to a variable,
-because we will be using it in the next step.  BTW, the common
+because we will be using it in the next step.  By the way, the common
 ancestor commit is the "New day." commit in this case.  You can
 tell it by:
 
 ------------
-$ git-name-rev $mb
+$ git name-rev $mb
 my-first-tag
 ------------
 
@@ -1217,13 +1216,13 @@ After finding out a common ancestor commit, the second step is
 this:
 
 ------------
-$ git-read-tree -m -u $mb HEAD mybranch
+$ git read-tree -m -u $mb HEAD mybranch
 ------------
 
-This is the same `git-read-tree` command we have already seen,
+This is the same 'git-read-tree' command we have already seen,
 but it takes three trees, unlike previous examples.  This reads
 the contents of each tree into different 'stage' in the index
-file (the first tree goes to stage 1, the second stage 2,
+file (the first tree goes to stage 1, the second to stage 2,
 etc.).  After reading three trees into three stages, the paths
 that are the same in all three stages are 'collapsed' into stage
 0.  Also paths that are the same in two of three stages are
@@ -1236,7 +1235,7 @@ trees are left in non-zero stages.  At this point, you can
 inspect the index file with this command:
 
 ------------
-$ git-ls-files --stage
+$ git ls-files --stage
 100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
 100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
 100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
@@ -1244,16 +1243,16 @@ $ git-ls-files --stage
 ------------
 
 In our example of only two files, we did not have unchanged
-files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing, but in real-life
-large projects, only small number of files change in one commit,
-and this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
-fairly quickly, leaving only a handful the real changes in non-zero
+files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing.  But in real-life
+large projects, when only a small number of files change in one commit,
+this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
+fairly quickly, leaving only a handful of real changes in non-zero
 stages.
 
 To look at only non-zero stages, use `\--unmerged` flag:
 
 ------------
-$ git-ls-files --unmerged
+$ git ls-files --unmerged
 100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
 100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
 100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
@@ -1261,29 +1260,28 @@ $ git-ls-files --unmerged
 
 The next step of merging is to merge these three versions of the
 file, using 3-way merge.  This is done by giving
-`git-merge-one-file` command as one of the arguments to
-`git-merge-index` command:
+'git-merge-one-file' command as one of the arguments to
+'git-merge-index' command:
 
 ------------
-$ git-merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
-Auto-merging hello.
-merge: warning: conflicts during merge
-ERROR: Merge conflict in hello.
+$ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
+Auto-merging hello
+ERROR: Merge conflict in hello
 fatal: merge program failed
 ------------
 
-`git-merge-one-file` script is called with parameters to
+'git-merge-one-file' script is called with parameters to
 describe those three versions, and is responsible to leave the
 merge results in the working tree.
 It is a fairly straightforward shell script, and
-eventually calls `merge` program from RCS suite to perform a
-file-level 3-way merge.  In this case, `merge` detects
+eventually calls 'merge' program from RCS suite to perform a
+file-level 3-way merge.  In this case, 'merge' detects
 conflicts, and the merge result with conflict marks is left in
 the working tree..  This can be seen if you run `ls-files
 --stage` again at this point:
 
 ------------
-$ git-ls-files --stage
+$ git ls-files --stage
 100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
 100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
 100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
@@ -1291,9 +1289,9 @@ $ git-ls-files --stage
 ------------
 
 This is the state of the index file and the working file after
-`git merge` returns control back to you, leaving the conflicting
+'git-merge' returns control back to you, leaving the conflicting
 merge for you to resolve.  Notice that the path `hello` is still
-unmerged, and what you see with `git diff` at this point is
+unmerged, and what you see with 'git-diff' at this point is
 differences since stage 2 (i.e. your version).
 
 
@@ -1304,7 +1302,7 @@ So, we can use somebody else's work from a remote repository, but
 how can *you* prepare a repository to let other people pull from
 it?
 
-Your do your real work in your working tree that has your
+You do your real work in your working tree that has your
 primary repository hanging under it as its `.git` subdirectory.
 You *could* make that repository accessible remotely and ask
 people to pull from it, but in practice that is not the way
@@ -1321,7 +1319,7 @@ how git repositories at `kernel.org` are managed.
 Publishing the changes from your local (private) repository to
 your remote (public) repository requires a write privilege on
 the remote machine. You need to have an SSH account there to
-run a single command, `git-receive-pack`.
+run a single command, 'git-receive-pack'.
 
 First, you need to create an empty repository on the remote
 machine that will house your public repository. This empty
@@ -1330,8 +1328,8 @@ into it later. Obviously, this repository creation needs to be
 done only once.
 
 [NOTE]
-`git push` uses a pair of programs,
-`git-send-pack` on your local machine, and `git-receive-pack`
+'git-push' uses a pair of programs,
+'git-send-pack' on your local machine, and 'git-receive-pack'
 on the remote machine. The communication between the two over
 the network internally uses an SSH connection.
 
@@ -1346,30 +1344,31 @@ $ mkdir my-git.git
 ------------
 
 Then, make that directory into a git repository by running
-`git init`, but this time, since its name is not the usual
+'git-init', but this time, since its name is not the usual
 `.git`, we do things slightly differently:
 
 ------------
-$ GIT_DIR=my-git.git git-init
+$ GIT_DIR=my-git.git git init
 ------------
 
 Make sure this directory is available for others you want your
-changes to be pulled by via the transport of your choice. Also
-you need to make sure that you have the `git-receive-pack`
+changes to be pulled via the transport of your choice. Also
+you need to make sure that you have the 'git-receive-pack'
 program on the `$PATH`.
 
 [NOTE]
 Many installations of sshd do not invoke your shell as the login
 shell when you directly run programs; what this means is that if
-your login shell is `bash`, only `.bashrc` is read and not
+your login shell is 'bash', only `.bashrc` is read and not
 `.bash_profile`. As a workaround, make sure `.bashrc` sets up
-`$PATH` so that you can run `git-receive-pack` program.
+`$PATH` so that you can run 'git-receive-pack' program.
 
 [NOTE]
 If you plan to publish this repository to be accessed over http,
-you should do `chmod +x my-git.git/hooks/post-update` at this
-point.  This makes sure that every time you push into this
-repository, `git-update-server-info` is run.
+you should do `mv my-git.git/hooks/post-update.sample
+my-git.git/hooks/post-update` at this point.
+This makes sure that every time you push into this
+repository, `git update-server-info` is run.
 
 Your "public repository" is now ready to accept your changes.
 Come back to the machine you have your private repository. From
@@ -1388,7 +1387,7 @@ repository. Kernel.org mirror network takes care of the
 propagation to other publicly visible machines:
 
 ------------
-$ git push master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/git/git.git/ 
+$ git push master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/git/git.git/
 ------------
 
 
@@ -1408,7 +1407,7 @@ $ git repack
 
 will do it for you. If you followed the tutorial examples, you
 would have accumulated about 17 objects in `.git/objects/??/`
-directories by now. `git repack` tells you how many objects it
+directories by now. 'git-repack' tells you how many objects it
 packed, and stores the packed file in `.git/objects/pack`
 directory.
 
@@ -1421,7 +1420,7 @@ them together. The former holds all the data from the objects
 in the pack, and the latter holds the index for random
 access.
 
-If you are paranoid, running `git-verify-pack` command would
+If you are paranoid, running 'git-verify-pack' command would
 detect if you have a corrupt pack, but do not worry too much.
 Our programs are always perfect ;-).
 
@@ -1447,7 +1446,7 @@ public repository you might want to repack & prune often, or
 never.
 
 If you run `git repack` again at this point, it will say
-"Nothing to pack". Once you continue your development and
+"Nothing new to pack.". Once you continue your development and
 accumulate the changes, running `git repack` again will create a
 new pack, that contains objects created since you packed your
 repository the last time. We recommend that you pack your project
@@ -1470,7 +1469,7 @@ Although git is a truly distributed system, it is often
 convenient to organize your project with an informal hierarchy
 of developers. Linux kernel development is run this way. There
 is a nice illustration (page 17, "Merges to Mainline") in
-link:http://tinyurl.com/a2jdg[Randy Dunlap's presentation].
+link:http://www.xenotime.net/linux/mentor/linux-mentoring-2006.pdf[Randy Dunlap's presentation].
 
 It should be stressed that this hierarchy is purely *informal*.
 There is nothing fundamental in git that enforces the "chain of
@@ -1487,18 +1486,18 @@ A recommended workflow for a "project lead" goes like this:
 If other people are pulling from your repository over dumb
 transport protocols (HTTP), you need to keep this repository
 'dumb transport friendly'.  After `git init`,
-`$GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update` copied from the standard templates
-would contain a call to `git-update-server-info` but the
-`post-update` hook itself is disabled by default -- enable it
-with `chmod +x post-update`.  This makes sure `git-update-server-info`
-keeps the necessary files up-to-date.
+`$GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update.sample` copied from the standard templates
+would contain a call to 'git-update-server-info'
+but you need to manually enable the hook with
+`mv post-update.sample post-update`.  This makes sure
+'git-update-server-info' keeps the necessary files up-to-date.
 
 3. Push into the public repository from your primary
    repository.
 
-4. `git repack` the public repository. This establishes a big
+4. 'git-repack' the public repository. This establishes a big
    pack that contains the initial set of objects as the
-   baseline, and possibly `git prune` if the transport
+   baseline, and possibly 'git-prune' if the transport
    used for pulling from your repository supports packed
    repositories.
 
@@ -1512,14 +1511,14 @@ You can repack this private repository whenever you feel like.
 6. Push your changes to the public repository, and announce it
    to the public.
 
-7. Every once in a while, "git repack" the public repository.
+7. Every once in a while, 'git-repack' the public repository.
    Go back to step 5. and continue working.
 
 
 A recommended work cycle for a "subsystem maintainer" who works
 on that project and has an own "public repository" goes like this:
 
-1. Prepare your work repository, by `git clone` the public
+1. Prepare your work repository, by 'git-clone' the public
    repository of the "project lead". The URL used for the
    initial cloning is stored in the remote.origin.url
    configuration variable.
@@ -1534,7 +1533,7 @@ on that project and has an own "public repository" goes like this:
    point at the repository you are borrowing from.
 
 4. Push into the public repository from your primary
-   repository. Run `git repack`, and possibly `git prune` if the
+   repository. Run 'git-repack', and possibly 'git-prune' if the
    transport used for pulling from your repository supports
    packed repositories.
 
@@ -1551,7 +1550,7 @@ like.
    "project lead" and possibly your "sub-subsystem
    maintainers" to pull from it.
 
-7. Every once in a while, `git repack` the public repository.
+7. Every once in a while, 'git-repack' the public repository.
    Go back to step 5. and continue working.
 
 
@@ -1559,7 +1558,7 @@ A recommended work cycle for an "individual developer" who does
 not have a "public" repository is somewhat different. It goes
 like this:
 
-1. Prepare your work repository, by `git clone` the public
+1. Prepare your work repository, by 'git-clone' the public
    repository of the "project lead" (or a "subsystem
    maintainer", if you work on a subsystem). The URL used for
    the initial cloning is stored in the remote.origin.url
@@ -1589,7 +1588,7 @@ suggested in the previous section may be new to you. You do not
 have to worry. git supports "shared public repository" style of
 cooperation you are probably more familiar with as well.
 
-See link:cvs-migration.html[git for CVS users] for the details.
+See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for the details.
 
 Bundling your work together
 ---------------------------
@@ -1623,8 +1622,8 @@ in both of them.  You could merge in 'diff-fix' first and then
 'commit-fix' next, like this:
 
 ------------
-$ git merge 'Merge fix in diff-fix' master diff-fix
-$ git merge 'Merge fix in commit-fix' master commit-fix
+$ git merge -m "Merge fix in diff-fix" diff-fix
+$ git merge -m "Merge fix in commit-fix" commit-fix
 ------------
 
 Which would result in:
@@ -1656,9 +1655,9 @@ branch before these two merges by resetting it to 'master~2':
 $ git reset --hard master~2
 ------------
 
-You can make sure 'git show-branch' matches the state before
-those two 'git merge' you just did.  Then, instead of running
-two 'git merge' commands in a row, you would merge these two
+You can make sure `git show-branch` matches the state before
+those two 'git-merge' you just did.  Then, instead of running
+two 'git-merge' commands in a row, you would merge these two
 branch heads (this is known as 'making an Octopus'):
 
 ------------
@@ -1688,4 +1687,15 @@ and the reason why you preferred changes made in one side over
 the other.  Otherwise it would make the project history harder
 to follow, not easier.
 
-[ to be continued.. cvsimports ]
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7],
+linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:git-help[1],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/cvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
index 3b6b494162..0e49c1c037 100644
--- a/Documentation/cvs-migration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
-git for CVS users
-=================
+gitcvs-migration(7)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+gitcvs-migration - git for CVS users
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git cvsimport *
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
 
 Git differs from CVS in that every working tree contains a repository with
 a full copy of the project history, and no repository is inherently more
@@ -7,8 +18,9 @@ important than any other.  However, you can emulate the CVS model by
 designating a single shared repository which people can synchronize with;
 this document explains how to do that.
 
-Some basic familiarity with git is required.  This
-link:tutorial.html[tutorial introduction to git] should be sufficient.
+Some basic familiarity with git is required. Having gone through
+linkgit:gittutorial[7] and
+linkgit:gitglossary[7] should be sufficient.
 
 Developing against a shared repository
 --------------------------------------
@@ -22,7 +34,7 @@ $ git clone foo.com:/pub/repo.git/ my-project
 $ cd my-project
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and hack away.  The equivalent of `cvs update` is
+and hack away.  The equivalent of 'cvs update' is
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git pull origin
@@ -34,28 +46,28 @@ them first before running git pull.
 
 [NOTE]
 ================================
-The `pull` command knows where to get updates from because of certain
-configuration variables that were set by the first `git clone`
-command; see `git config -l` and the gitlink:git-config[1] man
+The 'pull' command knows where to get updates from because of certain
+configuration variables that were set by the first 'git-clone'
+command; see `git config -l` and the linkgit:git-config[1] man
 page for details.
 ================================
 
 You can update the shared repository with your changes by first committing
-your changes, and then using the gitlink:git-push[1] command:
+your changes, and then using the 'git-push' command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git push origin master
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 to "push" those commits to the shared repository.  If someone else has
-updated the repository more recently, `git push`, like `cvs commit`, will
+updated the repository more recently, 'git-push', like 'cvs commit', will
 complain, in which case you must pull any changes before attempting the
 push again.
 
-In the `git push` command above we specify the name of the remote branch
-to update (`master`).  If we leave that out, `git push` tries to update
+In the 'git-push' command above we specify the name of the remote branch
+to update (`master`).  If we leave that out, 'git-push' tries to update
 any branches in the remote repository that have the same name as a branch
-in the local repository.  So the last `push` can be done with either of:
+in the local repository.  So the last 'push' can be done with either of:
 
 ------------
 $ git push origin
@@ -69,8 +81,8 @@ Setting Up a Shared Repository
 ------------------------------
 
 We assume you have already created a git repository for your project,
-possibly created from scratch or from a tarball (see the
-link:tutorial.html[tutorial]), or imported from an already existing CVS
+possibly created from scratch or from a tarball (see
+linkgit:gittutorial[7]), or imported from an already existing CVS
 repository (see the next section).
 
 Assume your existing repo is at /home/alice/myproject.  Create a new "bare"
@@ -88,7 +100,7 @@ Next, give every team member read/write access to this repository.  One
 easy way to do this is to give all the team members ssh access to the
 machine where the repository is hosted.  If you don't want to give them a
 full shell on the machine, there is a restricted shell which only allows
-users to do git pushes and pulls; see gitlink:git-shell[1].
+users to do git pushes and pulls; see linkgit:git-shell[1].
 
 Put all the committers in the same group, and make the repository
 writable by that group:
@@ -106,7 +118,7 @@ Importing a CVS archive
 First, install version 2.1 or higher of cvsps from
 link:http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/[http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/] and make
 sure it is in your path.  Then cd to a checked out CVS working directory
-of the project you are interested in and run gitlink:git-cvsimport[1]:
+of the project you are interested in and run linkgit:git-cvsimport[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------
 $ git cvsimport -C <destination> <module>
@@ -131,12 +143,17 @@ work, you must not modify the imported branches; instead, create new
 branches for your own changes, and merge in the imported branches as
 necessary.
 
+If you want a shared repository, you will need to make a bare clone
+of the imported directory, as described above. Then treat the imported
+directory as another development clone for purposes of merging
+incremental imports.
+
 Advanced Shared Repository Management
 -------------------------------------
 
 Git allows you to specify scripts called "hooks" to be run at certain
 points.  You can use these, for example, to send all commits to the shared
-repository to a mailing list.  See link:hooks.html[Hooks used by git].
+repository to a mailing list.  See linkgit:githooks[5].
 
 You can enforce finer grained permissions using update hooks.  See
 link:howto/update-hook-example.txt[Controlling access to branches using
@@ -146,7 +163,7 @@ Providing CVS Access to a git Repository
 ----------------------------------------
 
 It is also possible to provide true CVS access to a git repository, so
-that developers can still use CVS; see gitlink:git-cvsserver[1] for
+that developers can still use CVS; see linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for
 details.
 
 Alternative Development Models
@@ -169,3 +186,16 @@ variants of this model.
 
 With a small group, developers may just pull changes from each other's
 repositories without the need for a central maintainer.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7],
+linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/diffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index 34cd306bb1..e8041bc08f 100644
--- a/Documentation/diffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -1,40 +1,60 @@
-Tweaking diff output
-====================
-June 2005
+gitdiffcore(7)
+==============
 
+NAME
+----
+gitdiffcore - Tweaking diff output (June 2005)
 
-Introduction
-------------
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git diff' *
 
-The diff commands git-diff-index, git-diff-files, and git-diff-tree
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+The diff commands 'git-diff-index', 'git-diff-files', and 'git-diff-tree'
 can be told to manipulate differences they find in
-unconventional ways before showing diff(1) output.  The manipulation
+unconventional ways before showing 'diff' output.  The manipulation
 is collectively called "diffcore transformation".  This short note
-describes what they are and how to use them to produce diff outputs
-that are easier to understand than the conventional kind.
+describes what they are and how to use them to produce 'diff' output
+that is easier to understand than the conventional kind.
 
 
 The chain of operation
 ----------------------
 
-The git-diff-* family works by first comparing two sets of
+The 'git-diff-{asterisk}' family works by first comparing two sets of
 files:
 
- - git-diff-index compares contents of a "tree" object and the
+ - 'git-diff-index' compares contents of a "tree" object and the
    working directory (when '\--cached' flag is not used) or a
    "tree" object and the index file (when '\--cached' flag is
    used);
 
- - git-diff-files compares contents of the index file and the
+ - 'git-diff-files' compares contents of the index file and the
    working directory;
 
- - git-diff-tree compares contents of two "tree" objects;
+ - 'git-diff-tree' compares contents of two "tree" objects;
+
+In all of these cases, the commands themselves first optionally limit
+the two sets of files by any pathspecs given on their command-lines,
+and compare corresponding paths in the two resulting sets of files.
 
-In all of these cases, the commands themselves compare
-corresponding paths in the two sets of files.  The result of
-comparison is passed from these commands to what is internally
-called "diffcore", in a format similar to what is output when
-the -p option is not used.  E.g.
+The pathspecs are used to limit the world diff operates in.  They remove
+the filepairs outside the specified sets of pathnames.  E.g. If the
+input set of filepairs included:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+:100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M junkfile
+------------------------------------------------
+
+but the command invocation was `git diff-files myfile`, then the
+junkfile entry would be removed from the list because only "myfile"
+is under consideration.
+
+The result of comparison is passed from these commands to what is
+internally called "diffcore", in a format similar to what is output
+when the -p option is not used.  E.g.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 in-place edit  :100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M file0
@@ -46,53 +66,28 @@ unmerged       :000000 000000 0000000... 0000000... U file6
 The diffcore mechanism is fed a list of such comparison results
 (each of which is called "filepair", although at this point each
 of them talks about a single file), and transforms such a list
-into another list.  There are currently 6 such transformations:
+into another list.  There are currently 5 such transformations:
 
-- diffcore-pathspec
 - diffcore-break
 - diffcore-rename
 - diffcore-merge-broken
 - diffcore-pickaxe
 - diffcore-order
 
-These are applied in sequence.  The set of filepairs git-diff-\*
-commands find are used as the input to diffcore-pathspec, and
-the output from diffcore-pathspec is used as the input to the
+These are applied in sequence.  The set of filepairs 'git-diff-{asterisk}'
+commands find are used as the input to diffcore-break, and
+the output from diffcore-break is used as the input to the
 next transformation.  The final result is then passed to the
 output routine and generates either diff-raw format (see Output
-format sections of the manual for git-diff-\* commands) or
+format sections of the manual for 'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands) or
 diff-patch format.
 
 
-diffcore-pathspec: For Ignoring Files Outside Our Consideration
----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-The first transformation in the chain is diffcore-pathspec, and
-is controlled by giving the pathname parameters to the
-git-diff-* commands on the command line.  The pathspec is used
-to limit the world diff operates in.  It removes the filepairs
-outside the specified set of pathnames.  E.g. If the input set 
-of filepairs included:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-:100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M junkfile
-------------------------------------------------
-
-but the command invocation was "git-diff-files myfile", then the
-junkfile entry would be removed from the list because only "myfile"
-is under consideration.
-
-Implementation note.  For performance reasons, git-diff-tree
-uses the pathname parameters on the command line to cull set of
-filepairs it feeds the diffcore mechanism itself, and does not
-use diffcore-pathspec, but the end result is the same.
-
-
 diffcore-break: For Splitting Up "Complete Rewrites"
 ----------------------------------------------------
 
 The second transformation in the chain is diffcore-break, and is
-controlled by the -B option to the git-diff-* commands.  This is
+controlled by the -B option to the 'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands.  This is
 used to detect a filepair that represents "complete rewrite" and
 break such filepair into two filepairs that represent delete and
 create.  E.g.  If the input contained this filepair:
@@ -128,7 +123,7 @@ diffcore-rename: For Detection Renames and Copies
 
 This transformation is used to detect renames and copies, and is
 controlled by the -M option (to detect renames) and the -C option
-(to detect copies as well) to the git-diff-* commands.  If the
+(to detect copies as well) to the 'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands.  If the
 input contained these filepairs:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -173,11 +168,11 @@ number after the "-M" or "-C" option (e.g. "-M8" to tell it to use
 8/10 = 80%).
 
 Note.  When the "-C" option is used with `\--find-copies-harder`
-option, git-diff-\* commands feed unmodified filepairs to
+option, 'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands feed unmodified filepairs to
 diffcore mechanism as well as modified ones.  This lets the copy
 detector consider unmodified files as copy source candidates at
 the expense of making it slower.  Without `\--find-copies-harder`,
-git-diff-\* commands can detect copies only if the file that was
+'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands can detect copies only if the file that was
 copied happened to have been modified in the same changeset.
 
 
@@ -228,7 +223,7 @@ diffcore-pickaxe: For Detecting Addition/Deletion of Specified String
 
 This transformation is used to find filepairs that represent
 changes that touch a specified string, and is controlled by the
--S option and the `\--pickaxe-all` option to the git-diff-*
+-S option and the `\--pickaxe-all` option to the 'git-diff-{asterisk}'
 commands.
 
 When diffcore-pickaxe is in use, it checks if there are
@@ -251,7 +246,7 @@ diffcore-order: For Sorting the Output Based on Filenames
 
 This is used to reorder the filepairs according to the user's
 (or project's) taste, and is controlled by the -O option to the
-git-diff-* commands.
+'git-diff-{asterisk}' commands.
 
 This takes a text file each of whose lines is a shell glob
 pattern.  Filepairs that match a glob pattern on an earlier line
@@ -270,3 +265,17 @@ Documentation
 t
 ------------------------------------------------
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-diff[1],
+linkgit:git-diff-files[1],
+linkgit:git-diff-index[1],
+linkgit:git-diff-tree[1],
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
+linkgit:git-log[1],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d77a45aed6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+gitglossary(7)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+gitglossary - A GIT Glossary
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+*
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+include::glossary-content.txt[]
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7],
+linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c736738cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+githooks(5)
+===========
+
+NAME
+----
+githooks - Hooks used by git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+$GIT_DIR/hooks/*
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks`
+directory to trigger action at certain points.  When
+'git-init' is run, a handful of example hooks are copied into the
+`hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are
+all disabled.  To enable a hook, rename it by removing its `.sample`
+suffix.
+
+NOTE: It is also a requirement for a given hook to be executable.
+However - in a freshly initialized repository - the `.sample` files are
+executable by default.
+
+This document describes the currently defined hooks.
+
+applypatch-msg
+--------------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-am' script.  It takes a single
+parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit
+log message.  Exiting with non-zero status causes
+'git-am' to abort before applying the patch.
+
+The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
+be used to normalize the message into some project standard
+format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
+the commit after inspecting the message file.
+
+The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
+'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled.
+
+pre-applypatch
+--------------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-am'.  It takes no parameter, and is
+invoked after the patch is applied, but before a commit is made.
+
+If it exits with non-zero status, then the working tree will not be
+committed after applying the patch.
+
+It can be used to inspect the current working tree and refuse to
+make a commit if it does not pass certain test.
+
+The default 'pre-applypatch' hook, when enabled, runs the
+'pre-commit' hook, if the latter is enabled.
+
+post-applypatch
+---------------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-am'.  It takes no parameter,
+and is invoked after the patch is applied and a commit is made.
+
+This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
+the outcome of 'git-am'.
+
+pre-commit
+----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-commit', and can be bypassed
+with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
+invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and
+making a commit.  Exiting with non-zero status from this script
+causes the 'git-commit' to abort.
+
+The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction
+of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when
+such a line is found.
+
+All the 'git-commit' hooks are invoked with the environment
+variable `GIT_EDITOR=:` if the command will not bring up an editor
+to modify the commit message.
+
+prepare-commit-msg
+------------------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-commit' right after preparing the
+default log message, and before the editor is started.
+
+It takes one to three parameters.  The first is the name of the file
+that contains the commit log message.  The second is the source of the commit
+message, and can be: `message` (if a `-m` or `-F` option was
+given); `template` (if a `-t` option was given or the
+configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
+commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
+(if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
+a commit SHA1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `\--amend` option was given).
+
+If the exit status is non-zero, 'git-commit' will abort.
+
+The purpose of the hook is to edit the message file in place, and
+it is not suppressed by the `\--no-verify` option.  A non-zero exit
+means a failure of the hook and aborts the commit.  It should not
+be used as replacement for pre-commit hook.
+
+The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with git comments
+out the `Conflicts:` part of a merge's commit message.
+
+commit-msg
+----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-commit', and can be bypassed
+with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
+name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
+Exiting with non-zero status causes the 'git-commit' to
+abort.
+
+The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
+be used to normalize the message into some project standard
+format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
+the commit after inspecting the message file.
+
+The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
+"Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found.
+
+post-commit
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-commit'.  It takes no
+parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made.
+
+This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
+the outcome of 'git-commit'.
+
+pre-rebase
+----------
+
+This hook is called by 'git-rebase' and can be used to prevent a branch
+from getting rebased.
+
+
+post-checkout
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked when a 'git-checkout' is run after having updated the
+worktree.  The hook is given three parameters: the ref of the previous HEAD,
+the ref of the new HEAD (which may or may not have changed), and a flag
+indicating whether the checkout was a branch checkout (changing branches,
+flag=1) or a file checkout (retrieving a file from the index, flag=0).
+This hook cannot affect the outcome of 'git-checkout'.
+
+It is also run after 'git-clone', unless the --no-checkout (-n) option is
+used. The first parameter given to the hook is the null-ref, the second the
+ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1.
+
+This hook can be used to perform repository validity checks, auto-display
+differences from the previous HEAD if different, or set working dir metadata
+properties.
+
+post-merge
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-merge', which happens when a 'git-pull'
+is done on a local repository.  The hook takes a single parameter, a status
+flag specifying whether or not the merge being done was a squash merge.
+This hook cannot affect the outcome of 'git-merge' and is not executed,
+if the merge failed due to conflicts.
+
+This hook can be used in conjunction with a corresponding pre-commit hook to
+save and restore any form of metadata associated with the working tree
+(eg: permissions/ownership, ACLS, etc).  See contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
+for an example of how to do this.
+
+[[pre-receive]]
+pre-receive
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
+which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
+Just before starting to update refs on the remote repository, the
+pre-receive hook is invoked.  Its exit status determines the success
+or failure of the update.
+
+This hook executes once for the receive operation. It takes no
+arguments, but for each ref to be updated it receives on standard
+input a line of the format:
+
+  <old-value> SP <new-value> SP <ref-name> LF
+
+where `<old-value>` is the old object name stored in the ref,
+`<new-value>` is the new object name to be stored in the ref and
+`<ref-name>` is the full name of the ref.
+When creating a new ref, `<old-value>` is 40 `0`.
+
+If the hook exits with non-zero status, none of the refs will be
+updated. If the hook exits with zero, updating of individual refs can
+still be prevented by the <<update,'update'>> hook.
+
+Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
+'git-send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+for the user.
+
+[[update]]
+update
+------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
+which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
+Just before updating the ref on the remote repository, the update hook
+is invoked.  Its exit status determines the success or failure of
+the ref update.
+
+The hook executes once for each ref to be updated, and takes
+three parameters:
+
+ - the name of the ref being updated,
+ - the old object name stored in the ref,
+ - and the new objectname to be stored in the ref.
+
+A zero exit from the update hook allows the ref to be updated.
+Exiting with a non-zero status prevents 'git-receive-pack'
+from updating that ref.
+
+This hook can be used to prevent 'forced' update on certain refs by
+making sure that the object name is a commit object that is a
+descendant of the commit object named by the old object name.
+That is, to enforce a "fast forward only" policy.
+
+It could also be used to log the old..new status.  However, it
+does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up
+firing one e-mail per ref when used naively, though.  The
+<<post-receive,'post-receive'>> hook is more suited to that.
+
+Another use suggested on the mailing list is to use this hook to
+implement access control which is finer grained than the one
+based on filesystem group.
+
+Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
+'git-send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+for the user.
+
+The default 'update' hook, when enabled--and with
+`hooks.allowunannotated` config option turned on--prevents
+unannotated tags to be pushed.
+
+[[post-receive]]
+post-receive
+------------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
+which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
+It executes on the remote repository once after all the refs have
+been updated.
+
+This hook executes once for the receive operation.  It takes no
+arguments, but gets the same information as the
+<<pre-receive,'pre-receive'>>
+hook does on its standard input.
+
+This hook does not affect the outcome of 'git-receive-pack', as it
+is called after the real work is done.
+
+This supersedes the <<post-update,'post-update'>> hook in that it gets
+both old and new values of all the refs in addition to their
+names.
+
+Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
+'git-send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+for the user.
+
+The default 'post-receive' hook is empty, but there is
+a sample script `post-receive-email` provided in the `contrib/hooks`
+directory in git distribution, which implements sending commit
+emails.
+
+[[post-update]]
+post-update
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
+which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
+It executes on the remote repository once after all the refs have
+been updated.
+
+It takes a variable number of parameters, each of which is the
+name of ref that was actually updated.
+
+This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
+the outcome of 'git-receive-pack'.
+
+The 'post-update' hook can tell what are the heads that were pushed,
+but it does not know what their original and updated values are,
+so it is a poor place to do log old..new. The
+<<post-receive,'post-receive'>> hook does get both original and
+updated values of the refs. You might consider it instead if you need
+them.
+
+When enabled, the default 'post-update' hook runs
+'git-update-server-info' to keep the information used by dumb
+transports (e.g., HTTP) up-to-date.  If you are publishing
+a git repository that is accessible via HTTP, you should
+probably enable this hook.
+
+Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
+'git-send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+for the user.
+
+pre-auto-gc
+-----------
+
+This hook is invoked by 'git-gc --auto'. It takes no parameter, and
+exiting with non-zero status from this script causes the 'git-gc --auto'
+to abort.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7df3cef46f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+gitignore(5)
+============
+
+NAME
+----
+gitignore - Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+$GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+A `gitignore` file specifies intentionally untracked files that
+git should ignore.
+Note that all the `gitignore` files really concern only files
+that are not already tracked by git;
+in order to ignore uncommitted changes in already tracked files,
+please refer to the 'git update-index --assume-unchanged'
+documentation.
+
+Each line in a `gitignore` file specifies a pattern.
+When deciding whether to ignore a path, git normally checks
+`gitignore` patterns from multiple sources, with the following
+order of precedence, from highest to lowest (within one level of
+precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
+
+ * Patterns read from the command line for those commands that support
+   them.
+
+ * Patterns read from a `.gitignore` file in the same directory
+   as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
+   higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden
+   by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
+   These patterns match relative to the location of the
+   `.gitignore` file.  A project normally includes such
+   `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
+   files generated as part of the project build.
+
+ * Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
+
+ * Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration
+   variable 'core.excludesfile'.
+
+Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to
+be used. Patterns which should be version-controlled and distributed to
+other repositories via clone (i.e., files that all developers will want
+to ignore) should go into a `.gitignore` file. Patterns which are
+specific to a particular repository but which do not need to be shared
+with other related repositories (e.g., auxiliary files that live inside
+the repository but are specific to one user's workflow) should go into
+the `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude` file.  Patterns which a user wants git to
+ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
+the user's editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
+`core.excludesfile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`.
+
+The underlying git plumbing tools, such as
+'git-ls-files' and 'git-read-tree', read
+`gitignore` patterns specified by command-line options, or from
+files specified by command-line options.  Higher-level git
+tools, such as 'git-status' and 'git-add',
+use patterns from the sources specified above.
+
+Patterns have the following format:
+
+ - A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator
+   for readability.
+
+ - A line starting with # serves as a comment.
+
+ - An optional prefix '!' which negates the pattern; any
+   matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become
+   included again.  If a negated pattern matches, this will
+   override lower precedence patterns sources.
+
+ - If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the
+   purpose of the following description, but it would only find
+   a match with a directory.  In other words, `foo/` will match a
+   directory `foo` and paths underneath it, but will not match a
+   regular file or a symbolic link `foo` (this is consistent
+   with the way how pathspec works in general in git).
+
+ - If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', git treats it as
+   a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the
+   pathname without leading directories.
+
+ - Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
+   for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
+   wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
+   For example, "Documentation/\*.html" matches
+   "Documentation/git.html" but not
+   "Documentation/ppc/ppc.html".  A leading slash matches the
+   beginning of the pathname; for example, "/*.c" matches
+   "cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
+
+An example:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+    $ git status
+    [...]
+    # Untracked files:
+    [...]
+    #       Documentation/foo.html
+    #       Documentation/gitignore.html
+    #       file.o
+    #       lib.a
+    #       src/internal.o
+    [...]
+    $ cat .git/info/exclude
+    # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
+    *.[oa]
+    $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
+    # ignore generated html files,
+    *.html
+    # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
+    !foo.html
+    $ git status
+    [...]
+    # Untracked files:
+    [...]
+    #       Documentation/foo.html
+    [...]
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Another example:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+    $ cat .gitignore
+    vmlinux*
+    $ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
+    arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+    $ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The second .gitignore prevents git from ignoring
+`arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S`.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett,
+Frank Lichtenheld, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index 48c5894736..cf465cb47e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -21,11 +21,13 @@ git repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-To control which revisions to shown, the command takes options applicable to
-the gitlink:git-rev-list[1] command. This manual page describes only the most
+To control which revisions to show, the command takes options applicable to
+the 'git-rev-list' command (see linkgit:git-rev-list[1]).
+This manual page describes only the most
 frequently used options.
 
--n <number>, --max-count=<number>::
+-n <number>::
+--max-count=<number>::
 
 	Limits the number of commits to show.
 
@@ -41,6 +43,25 @@ frequently used options.
 
 	Show all branches.
 
+--merge::
+
+	After an attempt to merge stops with conflicts, show the commits on
+	the history between two branches (i.e. the HEAD and the MERGE_HEAD)
+	that modify the conflicted files and do not exist on all the heads
+	being merged.
+
+--argscmd=<command>::
+	Command to be run each time gitk has to determine the list of
+	<revs> to show.  The command is expected to print on its standard
+	output a list of additional revs to be shown, one per line.
+	Use this instead of explicitly specifying <revs> if the set of
+	commits to show may vary between refreshes.
+
+--select-commit=<ref>::
+
+	Automatically select the specified commit after loading the graph.
+	Default behavior is equivalent to specifying '--select-commit=HEAD'.
+
 <revs>::
 
 	Limit the revisions to show. This can be either a single revision
@@ -48,19 +69,19 @@ frequently used options.
 	the form "'<from>'..'<to>'" to show all revisions between '<from>' and
 	back to '<to>'. Note, more advanced revision selection can be applied.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
-<path>::
+<path>...::
 
 	Limit commits to the ones touching files in the given paths. Note, to
-	avoid ambiguity wrt. revision names use "--" to separate the paths
+	avoid ambiguity with respect to revision names use "--" to separate the paths
 	from any preceding options.
 
 Examples
 --------
 gitk v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi::
 
-	Show as the changes since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any
+	Show the changes since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any
 	file in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 
 gitk --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
@@ -69,12 +90,17 @@ gitk --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
 	'gitk'
 
-gitk --max-count=100 --all -- Makefile::
+gitk --max-count=100 --all \-- Makefile::
 
 	Show at most 100 changes made to the file 'Makefile'. Instead of only
 	looking for changes in the current branch look in all branches.
 
-See Also
+Files
+-----
+Gitk creates the .gitk file in your $HOME directory to store preferences
+such as display options, font, and colors.
+
+SEE ALSO
 --------
 'qgit(1)'::
 	A repository browser written in C++ using Qt.
@@ -98,5 +124,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano, Jonas Fonseca, and the git-list
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5daf750d19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+gitmodules(5)
+=============
+
+NAME
+----
+gitmodules - defining submodule properties
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+$GIT_WORK_DIR/.gitmodules
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+The `.gitmodules` file, located in the top-level directory of a git
+working tree, is a text file with a syntax matching the requirements
+of linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+The file contains one subsection per submodule, and the subsection value
+is the name of the submodule. Each submodule section also contains the
+following required keys:
+
+submodule.<name>.path::
+	Defines the path, relative to the top-level directory of the git
+	working tree, where the submodule is expected to be checked out.
+	The path name must not end with a `/`. All submodule paths must
+	be unique within the .gitmodules file.
+
+submodule.<name>.url::
+	Defines an url from where the submodule repository can be cloned.
+
+submodule.<name>.update::
+	Defines what to do when the submodule is updated by the superproject.
+	If 'checkout' (the default), the new commit specified in the
+	superproject will be checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD.
+	If 'rebase', the current branch of the submodule will be rebased onto
+	the commit specified in the superproject. If 'merge', the commit
+	specified in the superproject will be merged into the current branch
+	in the submodule.
+	This config option is overridden if 'git submodule update' is given
+	the '--merge' or '--rebase' options.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+Consider the following .gitmodules file:
+
+	[submodule "libfoo"]
+		path = include/foo
+		url = git://foo.com/git/lib.git
+
+	[submodule "libbar"]
+		path = include/bar
+		url = git://bar.com/git/lib.git
+
+
+This defines two submodules, `libfoo` and `libbar`. These are expected to
+be checked out in the paths 'include/foo' and 'include/bar', and for both
+submodules an url is specified which can be used for cloning the submodules.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-submodule[1] linkgit:git-config[1]
+
+DOCUMENTATION
+-------------
+Documentation by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/repository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index 0459bd9ca1..1befca98d4 100644
--- a/Documentation/repository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,23 @@
-git repository layout
-=====================
+gitrepository-layout(5)
+=======================
+
+NAME
+----
+gitrepository-layout - Git Repository Layout
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+$GIT_DIR/*
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
 
 You may find these things in your git repository (`.git`
 directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
-`'project'.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository).
+`<project>.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository. It is
+also possible to have a working tree where `.git` is a plain
+ascii file containing `gitdir: <path>`, i.e. the path to the
+real git repository).
 
 objects::
 	Object store associated with this repository.  Usually
@@ -19,7 +33,7 @@ trees this way, for example.  A repository with this kind of
 incomplete object store is not suitable to be published to the
 outside world but sometimes useful for private repository.
 . You also could have an incomplete but locally usable repository
-by cloning shallowly.  See gitlink:git-clone[1].
+by cloning shallowly.  See linkgit:git-clone[1].
 . You can be using `objects/info/alternates` mechanism, or
 `$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES` mechanism to 'borrow'
 objects from other object stores.  A repository with this kind
@@ -50,7 +64,7 @@ objects/info/packs::
 	are available in this object store.  Whenever a pack is
 	added or removed, `git update-server-info` should be run
 	to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
-	published for dumb transports.  `git repack` does this
+	published for dumb transports.  'git-repack' does this
 	by default.
 
 objects/info/alternates::
@@ -71,7 +85,7 @@ objects/info/http-alternates::
 
 refs::
 	References are stored in subdirectories of this
-	directory.  The `git prune` command knows to keep
+	directory.  The 'git-prune' command knows to keep
 	objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
 	its subdirectories.
 
@@ -89,7 +103,7 @@ refs/remotes/`name`::
 packed-refs::
 	records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
 	and friends record in a more efficient way.  See
-	gitlink:git-pack-refs[1].
+	linkgit:git-pack-refs[1].
 
 HEAD::
 	A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
@@ -106,22 +120,23 @@ HEAD::
 HEAD can also record a specific commit directly, instead of
 being a symref to point at the current branch.  Such a state
 is often called 'detached HEAD', and almost all commands work
-identically as normal.  See gitlink:git-checkout[1] for
+identically as normal.  See linkgit:git-checkout[1] for
 details.
 
 branches::
 	A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
-	to specify URL to `git fetch`, `git pull` and `git push`
-	commands is to store a file in `branches/'name'` and
+	to specify URL to 'git-fetch', 'git-pull' and 'git-push'
+	commands is to store a file in `branches/<name>` and
 	give 'name' to these commands in place of 'repository'
 	argument.
 
 hooks::
 	Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
 	commands.  A handful of sample hooks are installed when
-	`git init` is run, but all of them are disabled by
-	default.  To enable, they need to be made executable.
-	Read link:hooks.html[hooks] for more details about
+	'git-init' is run, but all of them are disabled by
+	default.  To enable, the `.sample` suffix has to be
+	removed from the filename by renaming.
+	Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about
 	each hook.
 
 index::
@@ -136,10 +151,10 @@ info/refs::
 	This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are
 	available in this repository.  If the repository is
 	published for dumb transports, this file should be
-	regenerated by `git update-server-info` every time a tag
+	regenerated by 'git-update-server-info' every time a tag
 	or branch is created or modified.  This is normally done
 	from the `hooks/update` hook, which is run by the
-	`git-receive-pack` command when you `git push` into the
+	'git-receive-pack' command when you 'git-push' into the
 	repository.
 
 info/grafts::
@@ -153,19 +168,18 @@ info/grafts::
 info/exclude::
 	This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
 	exclude pattern list. `.gitignore` is the per-directory
-	ignore file.  `git status`, `git add`, `git rm` and `git
-	clean` look at it but the core git commands do not look
-	at it.  See also: gitlink:git-ls-files[1] `--exclude-from`
-	and `--exclude-per-directory`.
+	ignore file.  'git-status', 'git-add', 'git-rm' and
+	'git-clean' look at it but the core git commands do not look
+	at it.  See also: linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 remotes::
 	Stores shorthands to be used to give URL and default
-	refnames to interact with remote repository to `git
-	fetch`, `git pull` and `git push` commands.
+	refnames to interact with remote repository to
+	'git-fetch', 'git-pull' and 'git-push' commands.
 
 logs::
 	Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
-	directory.  See the documentation on git-update-ref
+	directory.  See linkgit:git-update-ref[1]
 	for more information.
 
 logs/refs/heads/`name`::
@@ -177,5 +191,19 @@ logs/refs/tags/`name`::
 shallow::
 	This is similar to `info/grafts` but is internally used
 	and maintained by shallow clone mechanism.  See `--depth`
-	option to gitlink:git-clone[1] and gitlink:git-fetch[1].
-
+	option to linkgit:git-clone[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-init[1],
+linkgit:git-clone[1],
+linkgit:git-fetch[1],
+linkgit:git-pack-refs[1],
+linkgit:git-gc[1],
+linkgit:git-checkout[1],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/tutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index af8d43bd12..dc8fc3a18a 100644
--- a/Documentation/tutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
-A tutorial introduction to git: part two
-========================================
+gittutorial-2(7)
+================
 
-You should work through link:tutorial.html[A tutorial introduction to
-git] before reading this tutorial.
+NAME
+----
+gittutorial-2 - A tutorial introduction to git: part two
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git *
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+You should work through linkgit:gittutorial[7] before reading this tutorial.
 
 The goal of this tutorial is to introduce two fundamental pieces of
 git's architecture--the object database and the index file--and to
@@ -22,37 +32,42 @@ Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 $ echo 'hello world' > file.txt
 $ git add .
 $ git commit -a -m "initial commit"
-Created initial commit 54196cc2703dc165cbd373a65a4dcf22d50ae7f7
+[master (root-commit) 54196cc] initial commit
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file.txt
 $ echo 'hello world!' >file.txt
 $ git commit -a -m "add emphasis"
-Created commit c4d59f390b9cfd4318117afde11d601c1085f241
+[master c4d59f3] add emphasis
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-What are the 40 digits of hex that git responded to the commit with?
+What are the 7 digits of hex that git responded to the commit with?
 
 We saw in part one of the tutorial that commits have names like this.
 It turns out that every object in the git history is stored under
-such a 40-digit hex name.  That name is the SHA1 hash of the object's
+a 40-digit hex name.  That name is the SHA1 hash of the object's
 contents; among other things, this ensures that git will never store
 the same data twice (since identical data is given an identical SHA1
 name), and that the contents of a git object will never change (since
-that would change the object's name as well).
+that would change the object's name as well). The 7 char hex strings
+here are simply the abbreviation of such 40 character long strings.
+Abbreviations can be used everywhere where the 40 character strings
+can be used, so long as they are unambiguous.
 
 It is expected that the content of the commit object you created while
 following the example above generates a different SHA1 hash than
 the one shown above because the commit object records the time when
 it was created and the name of the person performing the commit.
 
-We can ask git about this particular object with the cat-file
+We can ask git about this particular object with the `cat-file`
 command. Don't copy the 40 hex digits from this example but use those
 from your own version. Note that you can shorten it to only a few
 characters to save yourself typing all 40 hex digits:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file -t 54196cc2
+$ git cat-file -t 54196cc2
 commit
-$ git-cat-file commit 54196cc2
+$ git cat-file commit 54196cc2
 tree 92b8b694ffb1675e5975148e1121810081dbdffe
 author J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
 committer J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
@@ -155,7 +170,7 @@ hello world!
 and the "parent" object refers to the previous commit:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file commit 54196cc2
+$ git cat-file commit 54196cc2
 tree 92b8b694ffb1675e5975148e1121810081dbdffe
 author J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
 committer J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
@@ -172,7 +187,7 @@ merge, with the parent references pointing to the heads of the merged
 branches.
 
 Besides blobs, trees, and commits, the only remaining type of object
-is a "tag", which we won't discuss here; refer to gitlink:git-tag[1]
+is a "tag", which we won't discuss here; refer to linkgit:git-tag[1]
 for details.
 
 So now we know how git uses the object database to represent a
@@ -202,8 +217,8 @@ designate such an argument.
 The index file
 --------------
 
-The primary tool we've been using to create commits is "git commit
--a", which creates a commit including every change you've made to
+The primary tool we've been using to create commits is `git-commit
+-a`, which creates a commit including every change you've made to
 your working tree.  But what if you want to commit changes only to
 certain files?  Or only certain changes to certain files?
 
@@ -235,7 +250,7 @@ The last diff is empty, but no new commits have been made, and the
 head still doesn't contain the new line:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-diff HEAD
+$ git diff HEAD
 diff --git a/file.txt b/file.txt
 index a042389..513feba 100644
 --- a/file.txt
@@ -245,7 +260,7 @@ index a042389..513feba 100644
 +hello world, again
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-So "git diff" is comparing against something other than the head.
+So 'git-diff' is comparing against something other than the head.
 The thing that it's comparing against is actually the index file,
 which is stored in .git/index in a binary format, but whose contents
 we can examine with ls-files:
@@ -260,9 +275,9 @@ hello world!
 hello world, again
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-So what our "git add" did was store a new blob and then put
+So what our 'git-add' did was store a new blob and then put
 a reference to it in the index file.  If we modify the file again,
-we'll see that the new modifications are reflected in the "git-diff"
+we'll see that the new modifications are reflected in the 'git-diff'
 output:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -277,7 +292,7 @@ index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644
 +again?
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-With the right arguments, git diff can also show us the difference
+With the right arguments, 'git-diff' can also show us the difference
 between the working directory and the last commit, or between the
 index and the last commit:
 
@@ -301,8 +316,8 @@ index a042389..513feba 100644
 +hello world, again
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-At any time, we can create a new commit using "git commit" (without
-the -a option), and verify that the state committed only includes the
+At any time, we can create a new commit using 'git-commit' (without
+the "-a" option), and verify that the state committed only includes the
 changes stored in the index file, not the additional change that is
 still only in our working tree:
 
@@ -319,11 +334,11 @@ index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644
 +again?
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-So by default "git commit" uses the index to create the commit, not
-the working tree; the -a option to commit tells it to first update
+So by default 'git-commit' uses the index to create the commit, not
+the working tree; the "-a" option to commit tells it to first update
 the index with all changes in the working tree.
 
-Finally, it's worth looking at the effect of "git add" on the index
+Finally, it's worth looking at the effect of 'git-add' on the index
 file:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -331,7 +346,7 @@ $ echo "goodbye, world" >closing.txt
 $ git add closing.txt
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-The effect of the "git add" was to add one entry to the index file:
+The effect of the 'git-add' was to add one entry to the index file:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git ls-files --stage
@@ -372,14 +387,14 @@ it is marked "changed but not updated".  At this point, running "git
 commit" would create a commit that added closing.txt (with its new
 contents), but that didn't modify file.txt.
 
-Also, note that a bare "git diff" shows the changes to file.txt, but
+Also, note that a bare `git diff` shows the changes to file.txt, but
 not the addition of closing.txt, because the version of closing.txt
 in the index file is identical to the one in the working directory.
 
 In addition to being the staging area for new commits, the index file
 is also populated from the object database when checking out a
 branch, and is used to hold the trees involved in a merge operation.
-See the link:core-tutorial.html[core tutorial] and the relevant man
+See linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] and the relevant man
 pages for details.
 
 What next?
@@ -388,16 +403,32 @@ What next?
 At this point you should know everything necessary to read the man
 pages for any of the git commands; one good place to start would be
 with the commands mentioned in link:everyday.html[Everyday git].  You
-should be able to find any unknown jargon in the
-link:glossary.html[Glossary].
+should be able to find any unknown jargon in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
+
+The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] provides a more
+comprehensive introduction to git.
 
-The link:cvs-migration.html[CVS migration] document explains how to
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] explains how to
 import a CVS repository into git, and shows how to use git in a
 CVS-like way.
 
 For some interesting examples of git use, see the
 link:howto-index.html[howtos].
 
-For git developers, the link:core-tutorial.html[Core tutorial] goes
+For git developers, linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] goes
 into detail on the lower-level git mechanisms involved in, for
 example, creating a new commit.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+linkgit:git-help[1],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index 129c5c5f5b..cf0689cfeb 100644
--- a/Documentation/tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,40 @@
-A tutorial introduction to git
-==============================
+gittutorial(7)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+gittutorial - A tutorial introduction to git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git *
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
 
 This tutorial explains how to import a new project into git, make
 changes to it, and share changes with other developers.
 
-First, note that you can get documentation for a command such as "git
-diff" with:
+If you are instead primarily interested in using git to fetch a project,
+for example, to test the latest version, you may prefer to start with
+the first two chapters of link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual].
+
+First, note that you can get documentation for a command such as
+`git log --graph` with:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ man git-diff
+$ man git-log
 ------------------------------------------------
 
+or:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git help log
+------------------------------------------------
+
+With the latter, you can use the manual viewer of your choice; see
+linkgit:git-help[1] for more information.
+
 It is a good idea to introduce yourself to git with your name and
 public email address before doing any operation.  The easiest
 way to do so is:
@@ -40,50 +64,76 @@ Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 You've now initialized the working directory--you may notice a new
-directory created, named ".git".  Tell git that you want it to track
-every file under the current directory (note the '.') with:
+directory created, named ".git".
+
+Next, tell git to take a snapshot of the contents of all files under the
+current directory (note the '.'), with 'git-add':
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git add .
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Finally,
+This snapshot is now stored in a temporary staging area which git calls
+the "index".  You can permanently store the contents of the index in the
+repository with 'git-commit':
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git commit
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-will prompt you for a commit message, then record the current state
-of all the files to the repository.
+This will prompt you for a commit message.  You've now stored the first
+version of your project in git.
 
 Making changes
 --------------
 
-Try modifying some files, then run
+Modify some files, then add their updated contents to the index:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git diff
+$ git add file1 file2 file3
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-to review your changes.  When you're done, tell git that you
-want the updated contents of these files in the commit and then
-make a commit, like this:
+You are now ready to commit.  You can see what is about to be committed
+using 'git-diff' with the --cached option:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git diff --cached
+------------------------------------------------
+
+(Without --cached, 'git-diff' will show you any changes that
+you've made but not yet added to the index.)  You can also get a brief
+summary of the situation with 'git-status':
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git status
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	modified:   file1
+#	modified:   file2
+#	modified:   file3
+#
+------------------------------------------------
+
+If you need to make any further adjustments, do so now, and then add any
+newly modified content to the index.  Finally, commit your changes with:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git add file1 file2 file3
 $ git commit
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-This will again prompt your for a message describing the change, and then
-record the new versions of the files you listed.
+This will again prompt you for a message describing the change, and then
+record a new version of the project.
 
-Alternatively, instead of running `git add` beforehand, you can use
+Alternatively, instead of running 'git-add' beforehand, you can use
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git commit -a
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-which will automatically notice modified (but not new) files.
+which will automatically notice any modified (but not new) files, add
+them to the index, and commit, all in one step.
 
 A note on commit messages: Though not required, it's a good idea to
 begin the commit message with a single short (less than 50 character)
@@ -92,48 +142,18 @@ thorough description.  Tools that turn commits into email, for
 example, use the first line on the Subject: line and the rest of the
 commit in the body.
 
-
 Git tracks content not files
 ----------------------------
 
-With git you have to explicitly "add" all the changed _content_ you
-want to commit together. This can be done in a few different ways:
-
-1) By using 'git add <file_spec>...'
-
-This can be performed multiple times before a commit.  Note that this
-is not only for adding new files.  Even modified files must be
-added to the set of changes about to be committed.  The "git status"
-command gives you a summary of what is included so far for the
-next commit.  When done you should use the 'git commit' command to
-make it real.
-
-Note: don't forget to 'add' a file again if you modified it after the
-first 'add' and before 'commit'. Otherwise only the previous added
-state of that file will be committed. This is because git tracks
-content, so what you're really 'add'ing to the commit is the *content*
-of the file in the state it is in when you 'add' it.
-
-2) By using 'git commit -a' directly
+Many revision control systems provide an `add` command that tells the
+system to start tracking changes to a new file.  Git's `add` command
+does something simpler and more powerful: 'git-add' is used both for new
+and newly modified files, and in both cases it takes a snapshot of the
+given files and stages that content in the index, ready for inclusion in
+the next commit.
 
-This is a quick way to automatically 'add' the content from all files
-that were modified since the previous commit, and perform the actual
-commit without having to separately 'add' them beforehand.  This will
-not add content from new files i.e. files that were never added before.
-Those files still have to be added explicitly before performing a
-commit.
-
-But here's a twist. If you do 'git commit <file1> <file2> ...' then only
-the  changes belonging to those explicitly specified files will be
-committed, entirely bypassing the current "added" changes. Those "added"
-changes will still remain available for a subsequent commit though.
-
-However, for normal usage you only have to remember 'git add' + 'git commit'
-and/or 'git commit -a'.
-
-
-Viewing the changelog
----------------------
+Viewing project history
+-----------------------
 
 At any point you can view the history of your changes using
 
@@ -263,7 +283,7 @@ same machine, wants to contribute.
 Bob begins with:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git clone /home/alice/project myrepo
+bob$ git clone /home/alice/project myrepo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This creates a new directory "myrepo" containing a clone of Alice's
@@ -274,7 +294,7 @@ Bob then makes some changes and commits them:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 (edit files)
-$ git commit -a
+bob$ git commit -a
 (repeat as necessary)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -282,43 +302,94 @@ When he's ready, he tells Alice to pull changes from the repository
 at /home/bob/myrepo.  She does this with:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ cd /home/alice/project
-$ git pull /home/bob/myrepo master
+alice$ cd /home/alice/project
+alice$ git pull /home/bob/myrepo master
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This merges the changes from Bob's "master" branch into Alice's
 current branch.  If Alice has made her own changes in the meantime,
-then she may need to manually fix any conflicts.  (Note that the
-"master" argument in the above command is actually unnecessary, as it
-is the default.)
+then she may need to manually fix any conflicts.
 
 The "pull" command thus performs two operations: it fetches changes
 from a remote branch, then merges them into the current branch.
 
+Note that in general, Alice would want her local changes committed before
+initiating this "pull".  If Bob's work conflicts with what Alice did since
+their histories forked, Alice will use her working tree and the index to
+resolve conflicts, and existing local changes will interfere with the
+conflict resolution process (git will still perform the fetch but will
+refuse to merge --- Alice will have to get rid of her local changes in
+some way and pull again when this happens).
+
+Alice can peek at what Bob did without merging first, using the "fetch"
+command; this allows Alice to inspect what Bob did, using a special
+symbol "FETCH_HEAD", in order to determine if he has anything worth
+pulling, like this:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+alice$ git fetch /home/bob/myrepo master
+alice$ git log -p HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This operation is safe even if Alice has uncommitted local changes.
+The range notation "HEAD..FETCH_HEAD" means "show everything that is reachable
+from the FETCH_HEAD but exclude anything that is reachable from HEAD".
+Alice already knows everything that leads to her current state (HEAD),
+and reviews what Bob has in his state (FETCH_HEAD) that she has not
+seen with this command.
+
+If Alice wants to visualize what Bob did since their histories forked
+she can issue the following command:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This uses the same two-dot range notation we saw earlier with 'git log'.
+
+Alice may want to view what both of them did since they forked.
+She can use three-dot form instead of the two-dot form:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk HEAD...FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This means "show everything that is reachable from either one, but
+exclude anything that is reachable from both of them".
+
+Please note that these range notation can be used with both gitk
+and "git log".
+
+After inspecting what Bob did, if there is nothing urgent, Alice may
+decide to continue working without pulling from Bob.  If Bob's history
+does have something Alice would immediately need, Alice may choose to
+stash her work-in-progress first, do a "pull", and then finally unstash
+her work-in-progress on top of the resulting history.
+
 When you are working in a small closely knit group, it is not
 unusual to interact with the same repository over and over
 again.  By defining 'remote' repository shorthand, you can make
 it easier:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git remote add bob /home/bob/myrepo
+alice$ git remote add bob /home/bob/myrepo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-With this, you can perform the first operation alone using the
-"git fetch" command without merging them with her own branch,
-using:
+With this, Alice can perform the first part of the "pull" operation
+alone using the 'git-fetch' command without merging them with her own
+branch, using:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git fetch bob
+alice$ git fetch bob
 -------------------------------------
 
 Unlike the longhand form, when Alice fetches from Bob using a
-remote repository shorthand set up with `git remote`, what was
+remote repository shorthand set up with 'git-remote', what was
 fetched is stored in a remote tracking branch, in this case
 `bob/master`.  So after this:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git log -p master..bob/master
+alice$ git log -p master..bob/master
 -------------------------------------
 
 shows a list of all the changes that Bob made since he branched from
@@ -328,23 +399,23 @@ After examining those changes, Alice
 could merge the changes into her master branch:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git merge bob/master
+alice$ git merge bob/master
 -------------------------------------
 
 This `merge` can also be done by 'pulling from her own remote
 tracking branch', like this:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git pull . remotes/bob/master
+alice$ git pull . remotes/bob/master
 -------------------------------------
 
 Note that git pull always merges into the current branch,
-regardless of what else is given on the commandline.
+regardless of what else is given on the command line.
 
 Later, Bob can update his repo with Alice's latest changes using
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git pull
+bob$ git pull
 -------------------------------------
 
 Note that he doesn't need to give the path to Alice's repository;
@@ -353,19 +424,19 @@ repository in the repository configuration, and that location is
 used for pulls:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git config --get remote.origin.url
-/home/bob/myrepo
+bob$ git config --get remote.origin.url
+/home/alice/project
 -------------------------------------
 
-(The complete configuration created by git-clone is visible using
-"git config -l", and the gitlink:git-config[1] man page
+(The complete configuration created by 'git-clone' is visible using
+`git config -l`, and the linkgit:git-config[1] man page
 explains the meaning of each option.)
 
 Git also keeps a pristine copy of Alice's master branch under the
 name "origin/master":
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git branch -r
+bob$ git branch -r
   origin/master
 -------------------------------------
 
@@ -373,21 +444,21 @@ If Bob later decides to work from a different host, he can still
 perform clones and pulls using the ssh protocol:
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
+bob$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
 -------------------------------------
 
 Alternatively, git has a native protocol, or can use rsync or http;
-see gitlink:git-pull[1] for details.
+see linkgit:git-pull[1] for details.
 
 Git can also be used in a CVS-like mode, with a central repository
-that various users push changes to; see gitlink:git-push[1] and
-link:cvs-migration.html[git for CVS users].
+that various users push changes to; see linkgit:git-push[1] and
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
 
 Exploring history
 -----------------
 
 Git history is represented as a series of interrelated commits.  We
-have already seen that the git log command can list those commits.
+have already seen that the 'git-log' command can list those commits.
 Note that first line of each git log entry also gives a name for the
 commit:
 
@@ -400,7 +471,7 @@ Date:   Tue May 16 17:18:22 2006 -0700
     merge-base: Clarify the comments on post processing.
 -------------------------------------
 
-We can give this name to git show to see the details about this
+We can give this name to 'git-show' to see the details about this
 commit.
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -436,13 +507,13 @@ $ git show HEAD^2 # show the second parent of HEAD
 You can also give commits names of your own; after running
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git-tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
+$ git tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
 -------------------------------------
 
 you can refer to 1b2e1d63ff by the name "v2.5".  If you intend to
 share this name with other people (for example, to identify a release
 version), you should create a "tag" object, and perhaps sign it; see
-gitlink:git-tag[1] for details.
+linkgit:git-tag[1] for details.
 
 Any git command that needs to know a commit can take any of these
 names.  For example:
@@ -458,13 +529,13 @@ $ git reset --hard HEAD^ # reset your current branch and working
 Be careful with that last command: in addition to losing any changes
 in the working directory, it will also remove all later commits from
 this branch.  If this branch is the only branch containing those
-commits, they will be lost.  Also, don't use "git reset" on a
+commits, they will be lost.  Also, don't use 'git-reset' on a
 publicly-visible branch that other developers pull from, as it will
 force needless merges on other developers to clean up the history.
-If you need to undo changes that you have pushed, use gitlink:git-revert[1]
+If you need to undo changes that you have pushed, use 'git-revert'
 instead.
 
-The git grep command can search for strings in any version of your
+The 'git-grep' command can search for strings in any version of your
 project, so
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -473,7 +544,7 @@ $ git grep "hello" v2.5
 
 searches for all occurrences of "hello" in v2.5.
 
-If you leave out the commit name, git grep will search any of the
+If you leave out the commit name, 'git-grep' will search any of the
 files it manages in your current directory.  So
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -483,7 +554,7 @@ $ git grep "hello"
 is a quick way to search just the files that are tracked by git.
 
 Many git commands also take sets of commits, which can be specified
-in a number of ways.  Here are some examples with git log:
+in a number of ways.  Here are some examples with 'git-log':
 
 -------------------------------------
 $ git log v2.5..v2.6            # commits between v2.5 and v2.6
@@ -493,32 +564,32 @@ $ git log v2.5.. Makefile       # commits since v2.5 which modify
 				# Makefile
 -------------------------------------
 
-You can also give git log a "range" of commits where the first is not
+You can also give 'git-log' a "range" of commits where the first is not
 necessarily an ancestor of the second; for example, if the tips of
-the branches "stable-release" and "master" diverged from a common
+the branches "stable" and "master" diverged from a common
 commit some time ago, then
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git log stable..experimental
+$ git log stable..master
 -------------------------------------
 
-will list commits made in the experimental branch but not in the
+will list commits made in the master branch but not in the
 stable branch, while
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git log experimental..stable
+$ git log master..stable
 -------------------------------------
 
 will show the list of commits made on the stable branch but not
-the experimental branch.
+the master branch.
 
-The "git log" command has a weakness: it must present commits in a
+The 'git-log' command has a weakness: it must present commits in a
 list.  When the history has lines of development that diverged and
-then merged back together, the order in which "git log" presents
+then merged back together, the order in which 'git-log' presents
 those commits is meaningless.
 
-Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the linux kernel,
-or git itself) have frequent merges, and gitk does a better job of
+Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the Linux kernel,
+or git itself) have frequent merges, and 'gitk' does a better job of
 visualizing their history.  For example,
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -538,7 +609,7 @@ of the file:
 $ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
 -------------------------------------
 
-You can also use "git show" to see any such file:
+You can also use 'git-show' to see any such file:
 
 -------------------------------------
 $ git show v2.5:Makefile
@@ -560,25 +631,43 @@ is based:
     used to create commits, check out working directories, and
     hold the various trees involved in a merge.
 
-link:tutorial-2.html[Part two of this tutorial] explains the object
+Part two of this tutorial explains the object
 database, the index file, and a few other odds and ends that you'll
-need to make the most of git.
+need to make the most of git. You can find it at linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
 
-If you don't want to consider with that right away, a few other
+If you don't want to continue with that right away, a few other
 digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
 
-  * gitlink:git-format-patch[1], gitlink:git-am[1]: These convert
+  * linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-am[1]: These convert
     series of git commits into emailed patches, and vice versa,
-    useful for projects such as the linux kernel which rely heavily
+    useful for projects such as the Linux kernel which rely heavily
     on emailed patches.
 
-  * gitlink:git-bisect[1]: When there is a regression in your
+  * linkgit:git-bisect[1]: When there is a regression in your
     project, one way to track down the bug is by searching through
     the history to find the exact commit that's to blame.  Git bisect
     can help you perform a binary search for that commit.  It is
     smart enough to perform a close-to-optimal search even in the
     case of complex non-linear history with lots of merged branches.
 
+  * linkgit:gitworkflows[7]: Gives an overview of recommended
+    workflows.
+
   * link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT with 20 Commands Or So]
 
-  * link:cvs-migration.html[git for CVS users].
+  * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git for CVS users.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+linkgit:git-help[1],
+linkgit:gitworkflows[7],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b021e3c15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+gitworkflows(7)
+===============
+
+NAME
+----
+gitworkflows - An overview of recommended workflows with git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git *
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This document attempts to write down and motivate some of the workflow
+elements used for `git.git` itself.  Many ideas apply in general,
+though the full workflow is rarely required for smaller projects with
+fewer people involved.
+
+We formulate a set of 'rules' for quick reference, while the prose
+tries to motivate each of them.  Do not always take them literally;
+you should value good reasons for your actions higher than manpages
+such as this one.
+
+
+SEPARATE CHANGES
+----------------
+
+As a general rule, you should try to split your changes into small
+logical steps, and commit each of them.  They should be consistent,
+working independently of any later commits, pass the test suite, etc.
+This makes the review process much easier, and the history much more
+useful for later inspection and analysis, for example with
+linkgit:git-blame[1] and linkgit:git-bisect[1].
+
+To achieve this, try to split your work into small steps from the very
+beginning. It is always easier to squash a few commits together than
+to split one big commit into several.  Don't be afraid of making too
+small or imperfect steps along the way. You can always go back later
+and edit the commits with `git rebase \--interactive` before you
+publish them.  You can use `git stash save \--keep-index` to run the
+test suite independent of other uncommitted changes; see the EXAMPLES
+section of linkgit:git-stash[1].
+
+
+MANAGING BRANCHES
+-----------------
+
+There are two main tools that can be used to include changes from one
+branch on another: linkgit:git-merge[1] and
+linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1].
+
+Merges have many advantages, so we try to solve as many problems as
+possible with merges alone.  Cherry-picking is still occasionally
+useful; see "Merging upwards" below for an example.
+
+Most importantly, merging works at the branch level, while
+cherry-picking works at the commit level.  This means that a merge can
+carry over the changes from 1, 10, or 1000 commits with equal ease,
+which in turn means the workflow scales much better to a large number
+of contributors (and contributions).  Merges are also easier to
+understand because a merge commit is a "promise" that all changes from
+all its parents are now included.
+
+There is a tradeoff of course: merges require a more careful branch
+management.  The following subsections discuss the important points.
+
+
+Graduation
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+As a given feature goes from experimental to stable, it also
+"graduates" between the corresponding branches of the software.
+`git.git` uses the following 'integration branches':
+
+* 'maint' tracks the commits that should go into the next "maintenance
+  release", i.e., update of the last released stable version;
+
+* 'master' tracks the commits that should go into the next release;
+
+* 'next' is intended as a testing branch for topics being tested for
+  stability for master.
+
+There is a fourth official branch that is used slightly differently:
+
+* 'pu' (proposed updates) is an integration branch for things that are
+  not quite ready for inclusion yet (see "Integration Branches"
+  below).
+
+Each of the four branches is usually a direct descendant of the one
+above it.
+
+Conceptually, the feature enters at an unstable branch (usually 'next'
+or 'pu'), and "graduates" to 'master' for the next release once it is
+considered stable enough.
+
+
+Merging upwards
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The "downwards graduation" discussed above cannot be done by actually
+merging downwards, however, since that would merge 'all' changes on
+the unstable branch into the stable one.  Hence the following:
+
+.Merge upwards
+[caption="Rule: "]
+=====================================
+Always commit your fixes to the oldest supported branch that require
+them.  Then (periodically) merge the integration branches upwards into each
+other.
+=====================================
+
+This gives a very controlled flow of fixes.  If you notice that you
+have applied a fix to e.g. 'master' that is also required in 'maint',
+you will need to cherry-pick it (using linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1])
+downwards.  This will happen a few times and is nothing to worry about
+unless you do it very frequently.
+
+
+Topic branches
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Any nontrivial feature will require several patches to implement, and
+may get extra bugfixes or improvements during its lifetime.
+
+Committing everything directly on the integration branches leads to many
+problems: Bad commits cannot be undone, so they must be reverted one
+by one, which creates confusing histories and further error potential
+when you forget to revert part of a group of changes.  Working in
+parallel mixes up the changes, creating further confusion.
+
+Use of "topic branches" solves these problems.  The name is pretty
+self explanatory, with a caveat that comes from the "merge upwards"
+rule above:
+
+.Topic branches
+[caption="Rule: "]
+=====================================
+Make a side branch for every topic (feature, bugfix, ...). Fork it off
+at the oldest integration branch that you will eventually want to merge it
+into.
+=====================================
+
+Many things can then be done very naturally:
+
+* To get the feature/bugfix into an integration branch, simply merge
+  it.  If the topic has evolved further in the meantime, merge again.
+  (Note that you do not necessarily have to merge it to the oldest
+  integration branch first.  For example, you can first merge a bugfix
+  to 'next', give it some testing time, and merge to 'maint' when you
+  know it is stable.)
+
+* If you find you need new features from the branch 'other' to continue
+  working on your topic, merge 'other' to 'topic'.  (However, do not
+  do this "just habitually", see below.)
+
+* If you find you forked off the wrong branch and want to move it
+  "back in time", use linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+
+Note that the last point clashes with the other two: a topic that has
+been merged elsewhere should not be rebased.  See the section on
+RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE in linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+
+We should point out that "habitually" (regularly for no real reason)
+merging an integration branch into your topics -- and by extension,
+merging anything upstream into anything downstream on a regular basis
+-- is frowned upon:
+
+.Merge to downstream only at well-defined points
+[caption="Rule: "]
+=====================================
+Do not merge to downstream except with a good reason: upstream API
+changes affect your branch; your branch no longer merges to upstream
+cleanly; etc.
+=====================================
+
+Otherwise, the topic that was merged to suddenly contains more than a
+single (well-separated) change.  The many resulting small merges will
+greatly clutter up history.  Anyone who later investigates the history
+of a file will have to find out whether that merge affected the topic
+in development.  An upstream might even inadvertently be merged into a
+"more stable" branch.  And so on.
+
+
+Throw-away integration
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you followed the last paragraph, you will now have many small topic
+branches, and occasionally wonder how they interact.  Perhaps the
+result of merging them does not even work?  But on the other hand, we
+want to avoid merging them anywhere "stable" because such merges
+cannot easily be undone.
+
+The solution, of course, is to make a merge that we can undo: merge
+into a throw-away branch.
+
+.Throw-away integration branches
+[caption="Rule: "]
+=====================================
+To test the interaction of several topics, merge them into a
+throw-away branch.  You must never base any work on such a branch!
+=====================================
+
+If you make it (very) clear that this branch is going to be deleted
+right after the testing, you can even publish this branch, for example
+to give the testers a chance to work with it, or other developers a
+chance to see if their in-progress work will be compatible.  `git.git`
+has such an official throw-away integration branch called 'pu'.
+
+
+DISTRIBUTED WORKFLOWS
+---------------------
+
+After the last section, you should know how to manage topics.  In
+general, you will not be the only person working on the project, so
+you will have to share your work.
+
+Roughly speaking, there are two important workflows: merge and patch.
+The important difference is that the merge workflow can propagate full
+history, including merges, while patches cannot.  Both workflows can
+be used in parallel: in `git.git`, only subsystem maintainers use
+the merge workflow, while everyone else sends patches.
+
+Note that the maintainer(s) may impose restrictions, such as
+"Signed-off-by" requirements, that all commits/patches submitted for
+inclusion must adhere to.  Consult your project's documentation for
+more information.
+
+
+Merge workflow
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The merge workflow works by copying branches between upstream and
+downstream.  Upstream can merge contributions into the official
+history; downstream base their work on the official history.
+
+There are three main tools that can be used for this:
+
+* linkgit:git-push[1] copies your branches to a remote repository,
+  usually to one that can be read by all involved parties;
+
+* linkgit:git-fetch[1] that copies remote branches to your repository;
+  and
+
+* linkgit:git-pull[1] that does fetch and merge in one go.
+
+Note the last point.  Do 'not' use 'git-pull' unless you actually want
+to merge the remote branch.
+
+Getting changes out is easy:
+
+.Push/pull: Publishing branches/topics
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git push <remote> <branch>` and tell everyone where they can fetch
+from.
+=====================================
+
+You will still have to tell people by other means, such as mail.  (Git
+provides the linkgit:git-request-pull[1] to send preformatted pull
+requests to upstream maintainers to simplify this task.)
+
+If you just want to get the newest copies of the integration branches,
+staying up to date is easy too:
+
+.Push/pull: Staying up to date
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+Use `git fetch <remote>` or `git remote update` to stay up to date.
+=====================================
+
+Then simply fork your topic branches from the stable remotes as
+explained earlier.
+
+If you are a maintainer and would like to merge other people's topic
+branches to the integration branches, they will typically send a
+request to do so by mail.  Such a request looks like
+
+-------------------------------------
+Please pull from
+    <url> <branch>
+-------------------------------------
+
+In that case, 'git-pull' can do the fetch and merge in one go, as
+follows.
+
+.Push/pull: Merging remote topics
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git pull <url> <branch>`
+=====================================
+
+Occasionally, the maintainer may get merge conflicts when he tries to
+pull changes from downstream.  In this case, he can ask downstream to
+do the merge and resolve the conflicts themselves (perhaps they will
+know better how to resolve them).  It is one of the rare cases where
+downstream 'should' merge from upstream.
+
+
+Patch workflow
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you are a contributor that sends changes upstream in the form of
+emails, you should use topic branches as usual (see above).  Then use
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1] to generate the corresponding emails
+(highly recommended over manually formatting them because it makes the
+maintainer's life easier).
+
+.format-patch/am: Publishing branches/topics
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+* `git format-patch -M upstream..topic` to turn them into preformatted
+  patch files
+* `git send-email --to=<recipient> <patches>`
+=====================================
+
+See the linkgit:git-format-patch[1] and linkgit:git-send-email[1]
+manpages for further usage notes.
+
+If the maintainer tells you that your patch no longer applies to the
+current upstream, you will have to rebase your topic (you cannot use a
+merge because you cannot format-patch merges):
+
+.format-patch/am: Keeping topics up to date
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git pull --rebase <url> <branch>`
+=====================================
+
+You can then fix the conflicts during the rebase.  Presumably you have
+not published your topic other than by mail, so rebasing it is not a
+problem.
+
+If you receive such a patch series (as maintainer, or perhaps as a
+reader of the mailing list it was sent to), save the mails to files,
+create a new topic branch and use 'git-am' to import the commits:
+
+.format-patch/am: Importing patches
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git am < patch`
+=====================================
+
+One feature worth pointing out is the three-way merge, which can help
+if you get conflicts: `git am -3` will use index information contained
+in patches to figure out the merge base.  See linkgit:git-am[1] for
+other options.
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial[7],
+linkgit:git-push[1],
+linkgit:git-pull[1],
+linkgit:git-merge[1],
+linkgit:git-rebase[1],
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
+linkgit:git-send-email[1],
+linkgit:git-am[1]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index 2465514e46..572374f7a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
-GIT Glossary
-============
-
 [[def_alternate_object_database]]alternate object database::
-	Via the alternates mechanism, a <<def_repository,repository>> can
-	inherit part of its <<def_object_database,object database>> from another
-	<<def_object_database,object database>>, which is called "alternate".
+	Via the alternates mechanism, a <<def_repository,repository>>
+	can inherit part of its <<def_object_database,object database>>
+	from another object database, which is called "alternate".
 
 [[def_bare_repository]]bare repository::
-	A <<def_bare_repository,bare repository>> is normally an appropriately
+	A bare repository is normally an appropriately
 	named <<def_directory,directory>> with a `.git` suffix that does not
 	have a locally checked-out copy of any of the files under
-	<<def_revision,revision>> control. That is, all of the `git`
+	revision control. That is, all of the `git`
 	administrative and control files that would normally be present in the
 	hidden `.git` sub-directory are directly present in the
 	`repository.git` directory instead,
@@ -21,10 +18,15 @@ GIT Glossary
 	Untyped <<def_object,object>>, e.g. the contents of a file.
 
 [[def_branch]]branch::
-	A non-cyclical graph of revisions, i.e. the complete history of a
-	particular <<def_revision,revision>>, which is called the
-	branch <<def_head,head>>. The heads
-	are stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/`.
+	A "branch" is an active line of development.  The most recent
+	<<def_commit,commit>> on a branch is referred to as the tip of
+	that branch.  The tip of the branch is referenced by a branch
+	<<def_head,head>>, which moves forward as additional development
+	is done on the branch.  A single git
+	<<def_repository,repository>> can track an arbitrary number of
+	branches, but your <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is
+	associated with just one of them (the "current" or "checked out"
+	branch), and <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> points to that branch.
 
 [[def_cache]]cache::
 	Obsolete for: <<def_index,index>>.
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_chain]]chain::
 	A list of objects, where each <<def_object,object>> in the list contains
 	a reference to its successor (for example, the successor of a
-	<<def_commit,commit>> could be one of its parents).
+	<<def_commit,commit>> could be one of its <<def_parent,parents>>).
 
 [[def_changeset]]changeset::
 	BitKeeper/cvsps speak for "<<def_commit,commit>>". Since git does not
@@ -40,62 +42,77 @@ GIT Glossary
 	"changesets" with git.
 
 [[def_checkout]]checkout::
-	The action of updating the <<def_working_tree,working tree>> to a
-	<<def_revision,revision>> which was stored in the
-	<<def_object_database,object database>>.
+	The action of updating all or part of the
+	<<def_working_tree,working tree>> with a <<def_tree_object,tree object>>
+	or <<def_blob_object,blob>> from the
+	<<def_object_database,object database>>, and updating the
+	<<def_index,index>> and <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> if the whole working tree has
+	been pointed at a new <<def_branch,branch>>.
 
 [[def_cherry-picking]]cherry-picking::
 	In <<def_SCM,SCM>> jargon, "cherry pick" means to choose a subset of
 	changes out of a series of changes (typically commits) and record them
-	as a new series of changes on top of different codebase. In GIT, this is
-	performed by "git cherry-pick" command to extract the change introduced
+	as a new series of changes on top of a different codebase. In GIT, this is
+	performed by the "git cherry-pick" command to extract the change introduced
 	by an existing <<def_commit,commit>> and to record it based on the tip
-	of the current <<def_branch,branch>> as a new <<def_commit,commit>>.
+	of the current <<def_branch,branch>> as a new commit.
 
 [[def_clean]]clean::
-	A <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is <<def_clean,clean>>, if it
+	A <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is clean, if it
 	corresponds to the <<def_revision,revision>> referenced by the current
 	<<def_head,head>>. Also see "<<def_dirty,dirty>>".
 
 [[def_commit]]commit::
-	As a verb: The action of storing the current state of the
-	<<def_index,index>> in the <<def_object_database,object database>>. The
-	result is a <<def_revision,revision>>. As a noun: Short hand for
-	<<def_commit_object,commit object>>.
+	As a noun: A single point in the
+	git history; the entire history of a project is represented as a
+	set of interrelated commits.  The word "commit" is often
+	used by git in the same places other revision control systems
+	use the words "revision" or "version".  Also used as a short
+	hand for <<def_commit_object,commit object>>.
++
+As a verb: The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's
+state in the git history, by creating a new commit representing the current
+state of the <<def_index,index>> and advancing <<def_HEAD,HEAD>>
+to point at the new commit.
 
 [[def_commit_object]]commit object::
 	An <<def_object,object>> which contains the information about a
-	particular <<def_revision,revision>>, such as parents, committer,
+	particular <<def_revision,revision>>, such as <<def_parent,parents>>, committer,
 	author, date and the <<def_tree_object,tree object>> which corresponds
 	to the top <<def_directory,directory>> of the stored
-	<<def_revision,revision>>.
+	revision.
 
 [[def_core_git]]core git::
 	Fundamental data structures and utilities of git. Exposes only limited
 	source code management tools.
 
 [[def_DAG]]DAG::
-	Directed acyclic graph. The <<def_commit,commit>> objects form a
+	Directed acyclic graph. The <<def_commit_object,commit objects>> form a
 	directed acyclic graph, because they have parents (directed), and the
-	graph of <<def_commit,commit>> objects is acyclic (there is no
-	<<def_chain,chain>> which begins and ends with the same
-	<<def_object,object>>).
+	graph of commit objects is acyclic (there is no <<def_chain,chain>>
+	which begins and ends with the same <<def_object,object>>).
 
 [[def_dangling_object]]dangling object::
 	An <<def_unreachable_object,unreachable object>> which is not
 	<<def_reachable,reachable>> even from other unreachable objects; a
-	<<def_dangling_object,dangling object>> has no references to it from any
+	dangling object has no references to it from any
 	reference or <<def_object,object>> in the <<def_repository,repository>>.
 
+[[def_detached_HEAD]]detached HEAD::
+	Normally the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> stores the name of a
+	<<def_branch,branch>>.  However, git also allows you to <<def_checkout,check out>>
+	an arbitrary <<def_commit,commit>> that isn't necessarily the tip of any
+	particular branch.  In this case HEAD is said to be "detached".
+
 [[def_dircache]]dircache::
-	You are *waaaaay* behind.
+	You are *waaaaay* behind. See <<def_index,index>>.
 
 [[def_directory]]directory::
 	The list you get with "ls" :-)
 
 [[def_dirty]]dirty::
-	A <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is said to be <<def_dirty,dirty>> if
-	it contains modifications which have not been committed to the current
+	A <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is said to be "dirty" if
+	it contains modifications which have not been <<def_commit,committed>> to the current
 	<<def_branch,branch>>.
 
 [[def_ent]]ent::
@@ -103,22 +120,26 @@ GIT Glossary
 	`http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent_(Middle-earth)` for an in-depth
 	explanation. Avoid this term, not to confuse people.
 
+[[def_evil_merge]]evil merge::
+	An evil merge is a <<def_merge,merge>> that introduces changes that
+	do not appear in any <<def_parent,parent>>.
+
 [[def_fast_forward]]fast forward::
 	A fast-forward is a special type of <<def_merge,merge>> where you have a
 	<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
 	<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
 	you have. In such these cases, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
 	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
-	<<def_revision,revision>>. This will happen frequently on a
+	revision. This will happen frequently on a
 	<<def_tracking_branch,tracking branch>> of a remote
 	<<def_repository,repository>>.
 
 [[def_fetch]]fetch::
 	Fetching a <<def_branch,branch>> means to get the
-	<<def_branch,branch>>'s <<def_head_ref,head ref>> from a remote
-	<<def_repository,repository>>, to find out which objects are missing
-	from the local <<def_object_database,object database>>, and to get them,
-	too.
+	branch's <<def_head_ref,head ref>> from a remote
+	<<def_repository,repository>>, to find out which objects are
+	missing from the local <<def_object_database,object database>>,
+	and to get them, too.  See also linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 [[def_file_system]]file system::
 	Linus Torvalds originally designed git to be a user space file system,
@@ -131,62 +152,85 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_grafts]]grafts::
 	Grafts enables two otherwise different lines of development to be joined
 	together by recording fake ancestry information for commits. This way
-	you can make git pretend the set of parents a <<def_commit,commit>> has
-	is different from what was recorded when the <<def_commit,commit>> was
+	you can make git pretend the set of <<def_parent,parents>> a <<def_commit,commit>> has
+	is different from what was recorded when the commit was
 	created. Configured via the `.git/info/grafts` file.
 
 [[def_hash]]hash::
 	In git's context, synonym to <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
 [[def_head]]head::
-	The top of a <<def_branch,branch>>. It contains a <<def_ref,ref>> to the
-	corresponding <<def_commit_object,commit object>>.
+	A <<def_ref,named reference>> to the <<def_commit,commit>> at the tip of a
+	<<def_branch,branch>>.  Heads are stored in
+	`$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/`, except when using packed refs. (See
+	linkgit:git-pack-refs[1].)
+
+[[def_HEAD]]HEAD::
+	The current <<def_branch,branch>>.  In more detail: Your <<def_working_tree,
+	working tree>> is normally derived from the state of the tree
+	referred to by HEAD.  HEAD is a reference to one of the
+	<<def_head,heads>> in your repository, except when using a
+	<<def_detached_HEAD,detached HEAD>>, in which case it may
+	reference an arbitrary commit.
 
 [[def_head_ref]]head ref::
-	A <<def_ref,ref>> pointing to a <<def_head,head>>. Often, this is
-	abbreviated to "<<def_head,head>>". Head refs are stored in
-	`$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/`.
+	A synonym for <<def_head,head>>.
 
 [[def_hook]]hook::
 	During the normal execution of several git commands, call-outs are made
 	to optional scripts that allow a developer to add functionality or
 	checking. Typically, the hooks allow for a command to be pre-verified
 	and potentially aborted, and allow for a post-notification after the
-	operation is done. The <<def_hook,hook>> scripts are found in the
-	`$GIT_DIR/hooks/` <<def_directory,directory>>, and are enabled by simply
-	making them executable.
+	operation is done. The hook scripts are found in the
+	`$GIT_DIR/hooks/` directory, and are enabled by simply
+	removing the `.sample` suffix from the filename. In earlier versions
+	of git you had to make them executable.
 
 [[def_index]]index::
 	A collection of files with stat information, whose contents are stored
-	as objects. The <<def_index,index>> is a stored version of your working
-	<<def_tree,tree>>. Truth be told, it can also contain a second, and even
-	a third version of a <<def_working_tree,working tree>>, which are used
-	when merging.
+	as objects. The index is a stored version of your
+	<<def_working_tree,working tree>>. Truth be told, it can also contain a second, and even
+	a third version of a working tree, which are used
+	when <<def_merge,merging>>.
 
 [[def_index_entry]]index entry::
 	The information regarding a particular file, stored in the
-	<<def_index,index>>. An <<def_index_entry,index entry>> can be unmerged,
-	if a <<def_merge,merge>> was started, but not yet finished (i.e. if the
-	<<def_index,index>> contains multiple versions of that file).
+	<<def_index,index>>. An index entry can be unmerged, if a
+	<<def_merge,merge>> was started, but not yet finished (i.e. if
+	the index contains multiple versions of that file).
 
 [[def_master]]master::
-	The default development <<def_branch,branch>>. Whenever you create a git
-	<<def_repository,repository>>, a <<def_branch,branch>> named
-	"<<def_master,master>>" is created, and becomes the active
-	<<def_branch,branch>>. In most cases, this contains the local
-	development, though that is purely conventional and not required.
+	The default development <<def_branch,branch>>. Whenever you
+	create a git <<def_repository,repository>>, a branch named
+	"master" is created, and becomes the active branch. In most
+	cases, this contains the local development, though that is
+	purely by convention and is not required.
 
 [[def_merge]]merge::
-	To <<def_merge,merge>> branches means to try to accumulate the changes
-	since a common ancestor and apply them to the first
-	<<def_branch,branch>>. An automatic <<def_merge,merge>> uses heuristics
-	to accomplish that. Evidently, an automatic <<def_merge,merge>> can
-	fail.
+	As a verb: To bring the contents of another
+	<<def_branch,branch>> (possibly from an external
+	<<def_repository,repository>>) into the current branch.  In the
+	case where the merged-in branch is from a different repository,
+	this is done by first <<def_fetch,fetching>> the remote branch
+	and then merging the result into the current branch.  This
+	combination of fetch and merge operations is called a
+	<<def_pull,pull>>.  Merging is performed by an automatic process
+	that identifies changes made since the branches diverged, and
+	then applies all those changes together.  In cases where changes
+	conflict, manual intervention may be required to complete the
+	merge.
++
+As a noun: unless it is a <<def_fast_forward,fast forward>>, a
+successful merge results in the creation of a new <<def_commit,commit>>
+representing the result of the merge, and having as
+<<def_parent,parents>> the tips of the merged <<def_branch,branches>>.
+This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
+"merge".
 
 [[def_object]]object::
 	The unit of storage in git. It is uniquely identified by the
 	<<def_SHA1,SHA1>> of its contents. Consequently, an
-	<<def_object,object>> can not be changed.
+	object can not be changed.
 
 [[def_object_database]]object database::
 	Stores a set of "objects", and an individual <<def_object,object>> is
@@ -198,27 +242,27 @@ GIT Glossary
 
 [[def_object_name]]object name::
 	The unique identifier of an <<def_object,object>>. The <<def_hash,hash>>
-	of the <<def_object,object>>'s contents using the Secure Hash Algorithm
+	of the object's contents using the Secure Hash Algorithm
 	1 and usually represented by the 40 character hexadecimal encoding of
-	the <<def_hash,hash>> of the <<def_object,object>> (possibly followed by
-	a white space).
+	the <<def_hash,hash>> of the object.
 
 [[def_object_type]]object type::
-	One of the identifiers
-	"<<def_commit,commit>>","<<def_tree,tree>>","<<def_tag,tag>>" or "<<def_blob_object,blob>>"
-	describing the type of an <<def_object,object>>.
+	One of the identifiers "<<def_commit_object,commit>>",
+	"<<def_tree_object,tree>>", "<<def_tag_object,tag>>" or
+	"<<def_blob_object,blob>>" describing the type of an
+	<<def_object,object>>.
 
 [[def_octopus]]octopus::
-	To <<def_merge,merge>> more than two branches. Also denotes an
+	To <<def_merge,merge>> more than two <<def_branch,branches>>. Also denotes an
 	intelligent predator.
 
 [[def_origin]]origin::
 	The default upstream <<def_repository,repository>>. Most projects have
 	at least one upstream project which they track. By default
-	'<<def_origin,origin>>' is used for that purpose. New upstream updates
-	will be fetched into remote tracking branches named
+	'origin' is used for that purpose. New upstream updates
+	will be fetched into remote <<def_tracking_branch,tracking branches>> named
 	origin/name-of-upstream-branch, which you can see using
-	"git <<def_branch,branch>> -r".
+	`git branch -r`.
 
 [[def_pack]]pack::
 	A set of objects which have been compressed into one file (to save space
@@ -227,7 +271,7 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_pack_index]]pack index::
 	The list of identifiers, and other information, of the objects in a
 	<<def_pack,pack>>, to assist in efficiently accessing the contents of a
-	<<def_pack,pack>>.
+	pack.
 
 [[def_parent]]parent::
 	A <<def_commit_object,commit object>> contains a (possibly empty) list
@@ -237,9 +281,9 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_pickaxe]]pickaxe::
 	The term <<def_pickaxe,pickaxe>> refers to an option to the diffcore
 	routines that help select changes that add or delete a given text
-	string. With the --pickaxe-all option, it can be used to view the full
+	string. With the `--pickaxe-all` option, it can be used to view the full
 	<<def_changeset,changeset>> that introduced or removed, say, a
-	particular line of text. See gitlink:git-diff[1].
+	particular line of text. See linkgit:git-diff[1].
 
 [[def_plumbing]]plumbing::
 	Cute name for <<def_core_git,core git>>.
@@ -247,29 +291,29 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_porcelain]]porcelain::
 	Cute name for programs and program suites depending on
 	<<def_core_git,core git>>, presenting a high level access to
-	<<def_core_git,core git>>. Porcelains expose more of a <<def_SCM,SCM>>
+	core git. Porcelains expose more of a <<def_SCM,SCM>>
 	interface than the <<def_plumbing,plumbing>>.
 
 [[def_pull]]pull::
 	Pulling a <<def_branch,branch>> means to <<def_fetch,fetch>> it and
-	<<def_merge,merge>> it.
+	<<def_merge,merge>> it.  See also linkgit:git-pull[1].
 
 [[def_push]]push::
-	Pushing a <<def_branch,branch>> means to get the <<def_branch,branch>>'s
+	Pushing a <<def_branch,branch>> means to get the branch's
 	<<def_head_ref,head ref>> from a remote <<def_repository,repository>>,
-	find out if it is an ancestor to the <<def_branch,branch>>'s local
-	<<def_head_ref,head ref>> is a direct, and in that case, putting all
+	find out if it is a direct ancestor to the branch's local
+	head ref, and in that case, putting all
 	objects, which are <<def_reachable,reachable>> from the local
-	<<def_head_ref,head ref>>, and which are missing from the remote
-	<<def_repository,repository>>, into the remote
+	head ref, and which are missing from the remote
+	repository, into the remote
 	<<def_object_database,object database>>, and updating the remote
-	<<def_head_ref,head ref>>. If the remote <<def_head,head>> is not an
-	ancestor to the local <<def_head,head>>, the <<def_push,push>> fails.
+	head ref. If the remote <<def_head,head>> is not an
+	ancestor to the local head, the push fails.
 
 [[def_reachable]]reachable::
 	All of the ancestors of a given <<def_commit,commit>> are said to be
-	<<def_reachable,reachable>> from that <<def_commit,commit>>. More
-	generally, one <<def_object,object>> is <<def_reachable,reachable>> from
+	"reachable" from that commit. More
+	generally, one <<def_object,object>> is reachable from
 	another if we can reach the one from the other by a <<def_chain,chain>>
 	that follows <<def_tag,tags>> to whatever they tag,
 	<<def_commit_object,commits>> to their parents or trees, and
@@ -286,26 +330,32 @@ GIT Glossary
 	denotes a particular <<def_object,object>>. These may be stored in
 	`$GIT_DIR/refs/`.
 
+[[def_reflog]]reflog::
+	A reflog shows the local "history" of a ref.  In other words,
+	it can tell you what the 3rd last revision in _this_ repository
+	was, and what was the current state in _this_ repository,
+	yesterday 9:14pm.  See linkgit:git-reflog[1] for details.
+
 [[def_refspec]]refspec::
-	A <<def_refspec,refspec>> is used by <<def_fetch,fetch>> and
-	<<def_push,push>> to describe the mapping between remote <<def_ref,ref>>
-	and local <<def_ref,ref>>. They are combined with a colon in the format
-	<src>:<dst>, preceded by an optional plus sign, +. For example: `git
-	fetch $URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin` means
-	"grab the master <<def_branch,branch>> <<def_head,head>>
-	from the $URL and store it as my origin
-	<<def_branch,branch>> <<def_head,head>>". And `git <<def_push,push>>
-	$URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/to-upstream` means
-	"publish my master <<def_branch,branch>>
-	<<def_head,head>> as to-upstream <<def_branch,branch>> at $URL". See
-	also gitlink:git-push[1]
+	A "refspec" is used by <<def_fetch,fetch>> and
+	<<def_push,push>> to describe the mapping between remote
+	<<def_ref,ref>> and local ref. They are combined with a colon in
+	the format <src>:<dst>, preceded by an optional plus sign, +.
+	For example: `git fetch $URL
+	refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin` means "grab the master
+	<<def_branch,branch>> <<def_head,head>> from the $URL and store
+	it as my origin branch head". And `git push
+	$URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/to-upstream` means "publish my
+	master branch head as to-upstream branch at $URL". See also
+	linkgit:git-push[1].
 
 [[def_repository]]repository::
-	A collection of refs together with an <<def_object_database,object
-	database>> containing all objects which are <<def_reachable,reachable>>
-	from the refs, possibly accompanied by meta data from one or more
-	porcelains. A <<def_repository,repository>> can share an
-	<<def_object_database,object database>> with other repositories.
+	A collection of <<def_ref,refs>> together with an
+	<<def_object_database,object database>> containing all objects
+	which are <<def_reachable,reachable>> from the refs, possibly
+	accompanied by meta data from one or more <<def_porcelain,porcelains>>. A
+	repository can share an object database with other repositories
+	via <<def_alternate_object_database,alternates mechanism>>.
 
 [[def_resolve]]resolve::
 	The action of fixing up manually what a failed automatic
@@ -327,39 +377,39 @@ GIT Glossary
 	Synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
 [[def_shallow_repository]]shallow repository::
-	A <<def_shallow_repository,shallow repository>> has an incomplete
-	history some of whose commits have parents cauterized away (in other
+	A shallow <<def_repository,repository>> has an incomplete
+	history some of whose <<def_commit,commits>> have <<def_parent,parents>> cauterized away (in other
 	words, git is told to pretend that these commits do not have the
 	parents, even though they are recorded in the <<def_commit_object,commit
 	object>>). This is sometimes useful when you are interested only in the
 	recent history of a project even though the real history recorded in the
-	upstream is much larger. A <<def_shallow_repository,shallow repository>>
-	is created by giving the `--depth` option to gitlink:git-clone[1], and
-	its history can be later deepened with gitlink:git-fetch[1].
+	upstream is much larger. A shallow repository
+	is created by giving the `--depth` option to linkgit:git-clone[1], and
+	its history can be later deepened with linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 [[def_symref]]symref::
-	Symbolic reference: instead of containing the <<def_SHA1,SHA1>> id
-	itself, it is of the format 'ref: refs/some/thing' and when
-	referenced, it recursively dereferences to this reference. 'HEAD' is a
-	prime example of a <<def_symref,symref>>. Symbolic references are
-	manipulated with the gitlink:git-symbolic-ref[1] command.
+	Symbolic reference: instead of containing the <<def_SHA1,SHA1>>
+	id itself, it is of the format 'ref: refs/some/thing' and when
+	referenced, it recursively dereferences to this reference.
+	'<<def_HEAD,HEAD>>' is a prime example of a symref. Symbolic
+	references are manipulated with the linkgit:git-symbolic-ref[1]
+	command.
 
 [[def_tag]]tag::
-	A <<def_ref,ref>> pointing to a <<def_tag,tag>> or
+	A <<def_ref,ref>> pointing to a <<def_tag_object,tag>> or
 	<<def_commit_object,commit object>>. In contrast to a <<def_head,head>>,
 	a tag is not changed by a <<def_commit,commit>>. Tags (not
 	<<def_tag_object,tag objects>>) are stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags/`. A
 	git tag has nothing to do with a Lisp tag (which would be
 	called an <<def_object_type,object type>> in git's context). A
 	tag is most typically used to mark a particular point in the
-	<<def_commit,commit>> ancestry <<def_chain,chain>>.
+	commit ancestry <<def_chain,chain>>.
 
 [[def_tag_object]]tag object::
 	An <<def_object,object>> containing a <<def_ref,ref>> pointing to
-	another <<def_object,object>>, which can contain a message just like a
+	another object, which can contain a message just like a
 	<<def_commit_object,commit object>>. It can also contain a (PGP)
-	signature, in which case it is called a "signed <<def_tag_object,tag
-	object>>".
+	signature, in which case it is called a "signed tag object".
 
 [[def_topic_branch]]topic branch::
 	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used by a developer to
@@ -370,16 +420,16 @@ GIT Glossary
 
 [[def_tracking_branch]]tracking branch::
 	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used to follow changes from
-	another <<def_repository,repository>>. A <<def_tracking_branch,tracking
-	branch>> should not contain direct modifications or have local commits
-	made to it. A <<def_tracking_branch,tracking branch>> can usually be
+	another <<def_repository,repository>>. A tracking
+	branch should not contain direct modifications or have local commits
+	made to it. A tracking branch can usually be
 	identified as the right-hand-side <<def_ref,ref>> in a Pull:
 	<<def_refspec,refspec>>.
 
 [[def_tree]]tree::
 	Either a <<def_working_tree,working tree>>, or a <<def_tree_object,tree
-	object>> together with the dependent blob and <<def_tree,tree>> objects
-	(i.e. a stored representation of a <<def_working_tree,working tree>>).
+	object>> together with the dependent <<def_blob_object,blob>> and tree objects
+	(i.e. a stored representation of a working tree).
 
 [[def_tree_object]]tree object::
 	An <<def_object,object>> containing a list of file names and modes along
@@ -389,8 +439,7 @@ GIT Glossary
 [[def_tree-ish]]tree-ish::
 	A <<def_ref,ref>> pointing to either a <<def_commit_object,commit
 	object>>, a <<def_tree_object,tree object>>, or a <<def_tag_object,tag
-	object>> pointing to a <<def_tag,tag>> or <<def_commit,commit>> or
-	<<def_tree_object,tree object>>.
+	object>> pointing to a tag or commit or tree object.
 
 [[def_unmerged_index]]unmerged index::
 	An <<def_index,index>> which contains unmerged
@@ -400,6 +449,13 @@ GIT Glossary
 	An <<def_object,object>> which is not <<def_reachable,reachable>> from a
 	<<def_branch,branch>>, <<def_tag,tag>>, or any other reference.
 
+[[def_upstream_branch]]upstream branch::
+	The default <<def_branch,branch>> that is merged into the branch in
+	question (or the branch in question is rebased onto). It is configured
+	via branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge. If the upstream branch
+	of 'A' is 'origin/B' sometimes we say "'A' is tracking 'origin/B'".
+
 [[def_working_tree]]working tree::
-	The set of files and directories currently being worked on, i.e. you can
-	work in your <<def_working_tree,working tree>> without using git at all.
+	The tree of actual checked out files.  The working tree is
+	normally equal to the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> plus any local changes
+	that you have made but not yet committed.
diff --git a/Documentation/hooks.txt b/Documentation/hooks.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index b083290d12..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/hooks.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-Hooks used by git
-=================
-
-Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks`
-directory to trigger action at certain points.  When
-`git-init` is run, a handful example hooks are copied in the
-`hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are
-all disabled.  To enable a hook, make it executable with `chmod +x`.
-
-This document describes the currently defined hooks.
-
-applypatch-msg
---------------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-applypatch` script, which is
-typically invoked by `git-applymbox`.  It takes a single
-parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit
-log message.  Exiting with non-zero status causes
-`git-applypatch` to abort before applying the patch.
-
-The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
-be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
-
-The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
-'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled.
-
-pre-applypatch
---------------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-applypatch` script, which is
-typically invoked by `git-applymbox`.  It takes no parameter,
-and is invoked after the patch is applied, but before a commit
-is made.  Exiting with non-zero status causes the working tree
-after application of the patch not committed.
-
-It can be used to inspect the current working tree and refuse to
-make a commit if it does not pass certain test.
-
-The default 'pre-applypatch' hook, when enabled, runs the
-'pre-commit' hook, if the latter is enabled.
-
-post-applypatch
----------------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-applypatch` script, which is
-typically invoked by `git-applymbox`.  It takes no parameter,
-and is invoked after the patch is applied and a commit is made.
-
-This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of `git-applypatch`.
-
-pre-commit
-----------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-commit`, and can be bypassed
-with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
-invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and
-making a commit.  Exiting with non-zero status from this script
-causes the `git-commit` to abort.
-
-The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction
-of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when
-such a line is found.
-
-commit-msg
-----------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-commit`, and can be bypassed
-with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
-name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
-Exiting with non-zero status causes the `git-commit` to
-abort.
-
-The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
-be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
-
-The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
-"Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found.
-
-post-commit
------------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-commit`.  It takes no
-parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made.
-
-This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of `git-commit`.
-
-update
-------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-receive-pack` on the remote repository,
-which happens when a `git push` is done on a local repository.
-Just before updating the ref on the remote repository, the update hook
-is invoked.  Its exit status determines the success or failure of
-the ref update.
-
-The hook executes once for each ref to be updated, and takes
-three parameters:
-
- - the name of the ref being updated,
- - the old object name stored in the ref,
- - and the new objectname to be stored in the ref.
-
-A zero exit from the update hook allows the ref to be updated.
-Exiting with a non-zero status prevents `git-receive-pack`
-from updating the ref.
-
-This hook can be used to prevent 'forced' update on certain refs by
-making sure that the object name is a commit object that is a
-descendant of the commit object named by the old object name.
-That is, to enforce a "fast forward only" policy.
-
-It could also be used to log the old..new status.  However, it
-does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up
-firing one e-mail per ref when used naively, though.
-
-Another use suggested on the mailing list is to use this hook to
-implement access control which is finer grained than the one
-based on filesystem group.
-
-The standard output of this hook is sent to `stderr`, so if you
-want to report something to the `git-send-pack` on the other end,
-you can simply `echo` your messages.
-
-The default 'update' hook, when enabled, demonstrates how to
-send out a notification e-mail.
-
-post-update
------------
-
-This hook is invoked by `git-receive-pack` on the remote repository,
-which happens when a `git push` is done on a local repository.
-It executes on the remote repository once after all the refs have
-been updated.
-
-It takes a variable number of parameters, each of which is the
-name of ref that was actually updated.
-
-This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of `git-receive-pack`.
-
-The 'post-update' hook can tell what are the heads that were pushed,
-but it does not know what their original and updated values are,
-so it is a poor place to do log old..new.
-
-When enabled, the default 'post-update' hook runs
-`git-update-server-info` to keep the information used by dumb
-transports (e.g., HTTP) up-to-date.  If you are publishing
-a git repository that is accessible via HTTP, you should
-probably enable this hook.
-
-The standard output of this hook is sent to `/dev/null`; if you
-want to report something to the `git-send-pack` on the other end,
-you can redirect your output to your `stderr`.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/dangling-objects.txt b/Documentation/howto/dangling-objects.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index e82ddae3cf..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/howto/dangling-objects.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
-Subject: Re: Question about fsck-objects output
-Date: Thu, 25 Jan 2007 12:01:06 -0800 (PST)
-Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0701251144290.25027@woody.linux-foundation.org>
-Archived-At: <http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/37754>
-Abstract: Linus describes what dangling objects are, when they
- are left behind, and how to view their relationship with branch
- heads in gitk
-
-On Thu, 25 Jan 2007, Larry Streepy wrote:
-
-> Sorry to ask such a basic question, but I can't quite decipher the output of
-> fsck-objects.  When I run it, I get this:
->
->  git fsck-objects
-> dangling commit 2213f6d4dd39ca8baebd0427723723e63208521b
-> dangling commit f0d4e00196bd5ee54463e9ea7a0f0e8303da767f
-> dangling blob 6a6d0b01b3e96d49a8f2c7addd4ef8c3bd1f5761
->
->
-> Even after a "repack -a -d" they still exist.  The man page has a short
-> explanation, but, at least for me, it wasn't fully enlightening. :-)
->
-> The man page says that dangling commits could be "root" commits, but since my
-> repo started as a clone of another repo, I don't see how I could have any root
-> commits.  Also, the page doesn't really describe what a dangling blob is.
->
-> So, can someone explain what these artifacts are and if they are a problem
-> that I should be worried about?
-
-The most common situation is that you've rebased a branch (or you have
-pulled from somebody else who rebased a branch, like the "pu" branch in
-the git.git archive itself).
-
-What happens is that the old head of the original branch still exists, as
-does obviously everything it pointed to. The branch pointer itself just
-doesn't, since you replaced it with another one.
-
-However, there are certainly other situations too that cause dangling
-objects. For example, the "dangling blob" situation you have tends to be
-because you did a "git add" of a file, but then, before you actually
-committed it and made it part of the bigger picture, you changed something
-else in that file and committed that *updated* thing - the old state that
-you added originally ends up not being pointed to by any commit/tree, so
-it's now a dangling blob object.
-
-Similarly, when the "recursive" merge strategy runs, and finds that there
-are criss-cross merges and thus more than one merge base (which is fairly
-unusual, but it does happen), it will generate one temporary midway tree
-(or possibly even more, if you had lots of criss-crossing merges and
-more than two merge bases) as a temporary internal merge base, and again,
-those are real objects, but the end result will not end up pointing to
-them, so they end up "dangling" in your repository.
-
-Generally, dangling objects aren't anything to worry about. They can even
-be very useful: if you screw something up, the dangling objects can be how
-you recover your old tree (say, you did a rebase, and realized that you
-really didn't want to - you can look at what dangling objects you have,
-and decide to reset your head to some old dangling state).
-
-For commits, the most useful thing to do with dangling objects tends to be
-to do a simple
-
-	gitk <dangling-commit-sha-goes-here> --not --all
-
-which means exactly what it sounds like: it says that you want to see the
-commit history that is described by the dangling commit(s), but you do NOT
-want to see the history that is described by all your branches and tags
-(which are the things you normally reach). That basically shows you in a
-nice way what the danglign commit was (and notice that it might not be
-just one commit: we only report the "tip of the line" as being dangling,
-but there might be a whole deep and complex commit history that has gotten
-dropped - rebasing will do that).
-
-For blobs and trees, you can't do the same, but you can examine them. You
-can just do
-
-	git show <dangling-blob/tree-sha-goes-here>
-
-to show what the contents of the blob were (or, for a tree, basically what
-the "ls" for that directory was), and that may give you some idea of what
-the operation was that left that dangling object.
-
-Usually, dangling blobs and trees aren't very interesting. They're almost
-always the result of either being a half-way mergebase (the blob will
-often even have the conflict markers from a merge in it, if you have had
-conflicting merges that you fixed up by hand), or simply because you
-interrupted a "git fetch" with ^C or something like that, leaving _some_
-of the new objects in the object database, but just dangling and useless.
-
-Anyway, once you are sure that you're not interested in any dangling
-state, you can just prune all unreachable objects:
-
-	git prune
-
-and they'll be gone. But you should only run "git prune" on a quiescent
-repository - it's kind of like doing a filesystem fsck recovery: you don't
-want to do that while the filesystem is mounted.
-
-(The same is true of "git-fsck-objects" itself, btw - but since
-git-fsck-objects never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports
-on what it found, git-fsck-objects itself is never "dangerous" to run.
-Running it while somebody is actually changing the repository can cause
-confusing and scary messages, but it won't actually do anything bad. In
-contrast, running "git prune" while somebody is actively changing the
-repository is a *BAD* idea).
-
-			Linus
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/isolate-bugs-with-bisect.txt b/Documentation/howto/isolate-bugs-with-bisect.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 926bbdc3cb..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/howto/isolate-bugs-with-bisect.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-From:	Linus Torvalds <torvalds () osdl ! org>
-To:	git@vger.kernel.org
-Date:	2005-11-08 1:31:34
-Subject: Real-life kernel debugging scenario
-Abstract: Short-n-sweet, Linus tells us how to leverage `git-bisect` to perform
-	bug isolation on a repository where "good" and "bad" revisions are known
-	in order to identify a suspect commit.
-
-
-How To Use git-bisect To Isolate a Bogus Commit
-===============================================
-
-The way to use "git bisect" couldn't be easier.
-
-Figure out what the oldest bad state you know about is (that's usually the 
-head of "master", since that's what you just tried to boot and failed at). 
-Also, figure out the most recent known-good commit (usually the _previous_ 
-kernel you ran: and if you've only done a single "pull" in between, it 
-will be ORIG_HEAD).
-
-Then do
-
-	git bisect start
-	git bisect bad master		<- mark "master" as the bad state
-	git bisect good ORIG_HEAD	<- mark ORIG_HEAD as good (or
-					   whatever other known-good 
-					   thing you booted last)
-
-and at this point "git bisect" will churn for a while, and tell you what 
-the mid-point between those two commits are, and check that state out as 
-the head of the new "bisect" branch.
-
-Compile and reboot.
-
-If it's good, just do
-
-	git bisect good		<- mark current head as good
-
-otherwise, reboot into a good kernel instead, and do (surprise surprise, 
-git really is very intuitive):
-
-	git bisect bad		<- mark current head as bad
-
-and whatever you do, git will select a new half-way point. Do this for a 
-while, until git tells you exactly which commit was the first bad commit. 
-That's your culprit.
-
-It really works wonderfully well, except for the case where there was 
-_another_ commit that broke something in between, like introduced some 
-stupid compile error. In that case you should not mark that commit good or 
-bad: you should try to find another commit close-by, and do a "git reset 
---hard <newcommit>" to try out _that_ commit instead, and then test that 
-instead (and mark it good or bad).
-
-You can do "git bisect visualize" while you do all this to see what's 
-going on by starting up gitk on the bisection range.
-
-Finally, once you've figured out exactly which commit was bad, you can 
-then go back to the master branch, and try reverting just that commit:
-
-	git checkout master
-	git revert <bad-commit-id>
-
-to verify that the top-of-kernel works with that single commit reverted.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4357e26913
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2007 16:32:55 -0800
+Subject: Addendum to "MaintNotes"
+Abstract: Imagine that git development is racing along as usual, when our friendly
+ neighborhood maintainer is struck down by a wayward bus. Out of the
+ hordes of suckers (loyal developers), you have been tricked (chosen) to
+ step up as the new maintainer. This howto will show you "how to" do it.
+
+The maintainer's git time is spent on three activities.
+
+ - Communication (60%)
+
+   Mailing list discussions on general design, fielding user
+   questions, diagnosing bug reports; reviewing, commenting on,
+   suggesting alternatives to, and rejecting patches.
+
+ - Integration (30%)
+
+   Applying new patches from the contributors while spotting and
+   correcting minor mistakes, shuffling the integration and
+   testing branches, pushing the results out, cutting the
+   releases, and making announcements.
+
+ - Own development (10%)
+
+   Scratching my own itch and sending proposed patch series out.
+
+The policy on Integration is informally mentioned in "A Note
+from the maintainer" message, which is periodically posted to
+this mailing list after each feature release is made.
+
+The policy.
+
+ - Feature releases are numbered as vX.Y.Z and are meant to
+   contain bugfixes and enhancements in any area, including
+   functionality, performance and usability, without regression.
+
+ - Maintenance releases are numbered as vX.Y.Z.W and are meant
+   to contain only bugfixes for the corresponding vX.Y.Z feature
+   release and earlier maintenance releases vX.Y.Z.V (V < W).
+
+ - 'master' branch is used to prepare for the next feature
+   release. In other words, at some point, the tip of 'master'
+   branch is tagged with vX.Y.Z.
+
+ - 'maint' branch is used to prepare for the next maintenance
+   release.  After the feature release vX.Y.Z is made, the tip
+   of 'maint' branch is set to that release, and bugfixes will
+   accumulate on the branch, and at some point, the tip of the
+   branch is tagged with vX.Y.Z.1, vX.Y.Z.2, and so on.
+
+ - 'next' branch is used to publish changes (both enhancements
+   and fixes) that (1) have worthwhile goal, (2) are in a fairly
+   good shape suitable for everyday use, (3) but have not yet
+   demonstrated to be regression free.  New changes are tested
+   in 'next' before merged to 'master'.
+
+ - 'pu' branch is used to publish other proposed changes that do
+   not yet pass the criteria set for 'next'.
+
+ - The tips of 'master', 'maint' and 'next' branches will always
+   fast forward, to allow people to build their own
+   customization on top of them.
+
+ - Usually 'master' contains all of 'maint', 'next' contains all
+   of 'master' and 'pu' contains all of 'next'.
+
+ - The tip of 'master' is meant to be more stable than any
+   tagged releases, and the users are encouraged to follow it.
+
+ - The 'next' branch is where new action takes place, and the
+   users are encouraged to test it so that regressions and bugs
+   are found before new topics are merged to 'master'.
+
+
+A typical git day for the maintainer implements the above policy
+by doing the following:
+
+ - Scan mailing list and #git channel log.  Respond with review
+   comments, suggestions etc.  Kibitz.  Collect potentially
+   usable patches from the mailing list.  Patches about a single
+   topic go to one mailbox (I read my mail in Gnus, and type
+   \C-o to save/append messages in files in mbox format).
+
+ - Review the patches in the saved mailboxes.  Edit proposed log
+   message for typofixes and clarifications, and add Acks
+   collected from the list.  Edit patch to incorporate "Oops,
+   that should have been like this" fixes from the discussion.
+
+ - Classify the collected patches and handle 'master' and
+   'maint' updates:
+
+   - Obviously correct fixes that pertain to the tip of 'maint'
+     are directly applied to 'maint'.
+
+   - Obviously correct fixes that pertain to the tip of 'master'
+     are directly applied to 'master'.
+
+   This step is done with "git am".
+
+     $ git checkout master    ;# or "git checkout maint"
+     $ git am -3 -s mailbox
+     $ make test
+
+ - Merge downwards (maint->master):
+
+     $ git checkout master
+     $ git merge maint
+     $ make test
+
+ - Review the last issue of "What's cooking" message, review the
+   topics scheduled for merging upwards (topic->master and
+   topic->maint), and merge.
+
+     $ git checkout master    ;# or "git checkout maint"
+     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# or "git merge ai/maint-topic"
+     $ git log -p ORIG_HEAD.. ;# final review
+     $ git diff ORIG_HEAD..   ;# final review
+     $ make test              ;# final review
+     $ git branch -d ai/topic ;# or "git branch -d ai/maint-topic"
+
+ - Merge downwards (maint->master) if needed:
+
+     $ git checkout master
+     $ git merge maint
+     $ make test
+
+ - Merge downwards (master->next) if needed:
+
+     $ git checkout next
+     $ git merge master
+     $ make test
+
+ - Handle the remaining patches:
+
+   - Anything unobvious that is applicable to 'master' (in other
+     words, does not depend on anything that is still in 'next'
+     and not in 'master') is applied to a new topic branch that
+     is forked from the tip of 'master'.  This includes both
+     enhancements and unobvious fixes to 'master'.  A topic
+     branch is named as ai/topic where "ai" is typically
+     author's initial and "topic" is a descriptive name of the
+     topic (in other words, "what's the series is about").
+
+   - An unobvious fix meant for 'maint' is applied to a new
+     topic branch that is forked from the tip of 'maint'.  The
+     topic is named as ai/maint-topic.
+
+   - Changes that pertain to an existing topic are applied to
+     the branch, but:
+
+     - obviously correct ones are applied first;
+
+     - questionable ones are discarded or applied to near the tip;
+
+   - Replacement patches to an existing topic are accepted only
+     for commits not in 'next'.
+
+   The above except the "replacement" are all done with:
+
+     $ git am -3 -s mailbox
+
+   while patch replacement is often done by:
+
+     $ git format-patch ai/topic~$n..ai/topic ;# export existing
+
+   then replace some parts with the new patch, and reapplying:
+
+     $ git reset --hard ai/topic~$n
+     $ git am -3 -s 000*.txt
+
+   The full test suite is always run for 'maint' and 'master'
+   after patch application; for topic branches the tests are run
+   as time permits.
+
+ - Update "What's cooking" message to review the updates to
+   existing topics, newly added topics and graduated topics.
+
+   This step is helped with Meta/UWC script (where Meta/ contains
+   a checkout of the 'todo' branch).
+
+ - Merge topics to 'next'.  For each branch whose tip is not
+   merged to 'next', one of three things can happen:
+
+   - The commits are all next-worthy; merge the topic to next:
+
+     $ git checkout next
+     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# or "git merge ai/maint-topic"
+     $ make test
+
+   - The new parts are of mixed quality, but earlier ones are
+     next-worthy; merge the early parts to next:
+
+     $ git checkout next
+     $ git merge ai/topic~2   ;# the tip two are dubious
+     $ make test
+
+   - Nothing is next-worthy; do not do anything.
+
+ - Rebase topics that do not have any commit in next yet.  This
+   step is optional but sometimes is worth doing when an old
+   series that is not in next can take advantage of low-level
+   framework change that is merged to 'master' already.
+
+     $ git rebase master ai/topic
+
+   This step is helped with Meta/git-topic.perl script to
+   identify which topic is rebaseable.  There also is a
+   pre-rebase hook to make sure that topics that are already in
+   'next' are not rebased beyond the merged commit.
+
+ - Rebuild "pu" to merge the tips of topics not in 'next'.
+
+     $ git checkout pu
+     $ git reset --hard next
+     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# repeat for all remaining topics
+     $ make test
+
+   This step is helped with Meta/PU script
+
+ - Push four integration branches to a private repository at
+   k.org and run "make test" on all of them.
+
+ - Push four integration branches to /pub/scm/git/git.git at
+   k.org.  This triggers its post-update hook which:
+
+    (1) runs "git pull" in $HOME/git-doc/ repository to pull
+        'master' just pushed out;
+
+    (2) runs "make doc" in $HOME/git-doc/, install the generated
+        documentation in staging areas, which are separate
+        repositories that have html and man branches checked
+        out.
+
+    (3) runs "git commit" in the staging areas, and run "git
+        push" back to /pub/scm/git/git.git/ to update the html
+        and man branches.
+
+    (4) installs generated documentation to /pub/software/scm/git/docs/
+        to be viewed from http://www.kernel.org/
+
+ - Fetch html and man branches back from k.org, and push four
+   integration branches and the two documentation branches to
+   repo.or.cz
+
+
+Some observations to be made.
+
+ * Each topic is tested individually, and also together with
+   other topics cooking in 'next'.  Until it matures, none part
+   of it is merged to 'master'.
+
+ * A topic already in 'next' can get fixes while still in
+   'next'.  Such a topic will have many merges to 'next' (in
+   other words, "git log --first-parent next" will show many
+   "Merge ai/topic to next" for the same topic.
+
+ * An unobvious fix for 'maint' is cooked in 'next' and then
+   merged to 'master' to make extra sure it is Ok and then
+   merged to 'maint'.
+
+ * Even when 'next' becomes empty (in other words, all topics
+   prove stable and are merged to 'master' and "git diff master
+   next" shows empty), it has tons of merge commits that will
+   never be in 'master'.
+
+ * In principle, "git log --first-parent master..next" should
+   show nothing but merges (in practice, there are fixup commits
+   and reverts that are not merges).
+
+ * Commits near the tip of a topic branch that are not in 'next'
+   are fair game to be discarded, replaced or rewritten.
+   Commits already merged to 'next' will not be.
+
+ * Being in the 'next' branch is not a guarantee for a topic to
+   be included in the next feature release.  Being in the
+   'master' branch typically is.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/make-dist.txt b/Documentation/howto/make-dist.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 00e330b293..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/howto/make-dist.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-Date:   Fri, 12 Aug 2005 22:39:48 -0700 (PDT)
-From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-To: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
-cc: git@vger.kernel.org
-Subject: Re: Fwd: Re: git checkout -f branch doesn't remove extra files
-Abstract: In this article, Linus talks about building a tarball,
- incremental patch, and ChangeLog, given a base release and two
- rc releases, following the convention of giving the patch from
- the base release and the latest rc, with ChangeLog between the
- last rc and the latest rc.
-
-On Sat, 13 Aug 2005, Dave Jones wrote:
->
->  > Git actually has a _lot_ of nifty tools. I didn't realize that people
->  > didn't know about such basic stuff as "git-tar-tree" and "git-ls-files".
->
-> Maybe its because things are moving so fast :)  Or maybe I just wasn't
-> paying attention on that day. (I even read the git changes via RSS,
-> so I should have no excuse).
-
-Well, git-tar-tree has been there since late April - it's actually one of
-those really early commands. I'm pretty sure the RSS feed came later ;)
-
-I use it all the time in doing releases, it's a lot faster than creating a
-tar tree by reading the filesystem (even if you don't have to check things
-out). A hidden pearl.
-
-This is my crappy "release-script":
-
-        [torvalds@g5 ~]$ cat bin/release-script
-        #!/bin/sh
-        stable="$1"
-        last="$2"
-        new="$3"
-        echo "# git-tag v$new"
-        echo "git-tar-tree v$new linux-$new | gzip -9 > ../linux-$new.tar.gz"
-        echo "git-diff-tree -p v$stable v$new | gzip -9 > ../patch-$new.gz"
-        echo "git-rev-list --pretty v$new ^v$last > ../ChangeLog-$new"
-        echo "git-rev-list --pretty=short v$new ^v$last | git-shortlog > ../ShortLog"
-        echo "git-diff-tree -p v$last v$new | git-apply --stat > ../diffstat-$new"
-
-and when I want to do a new kernel release I literally first tag it, and
-then do
-
-        release-script 2.6.12 2.6.13-rc6 2.6.13-rc7
-
-and check that things look sane, and then just cut-and-paste the commands.
-
-Yeah, it's stupid.
-
-                Linus
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebase-and-edit.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebase-and-edit.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 646c55cc69..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebase-and-edit.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-Date:	Sat, 13 Aug 2005 22:16:02 -0700 (PDT)
-From:	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-To:	Steve French <smfrench@austin.rr.com>
-cc:	git@vger.kernel.org
-Subject: Re: sending changesets from the middle of a git tree
-Abstract: In this article, Linus demonstrates how a broken commit
- in a sequence of commits can be removed by rewinding the head and
- reapplying selected changes.
-
-On Sat, 13 Aug 2005, Linus Torvalds wrote:
-
-> That's correct. Same things apply: you can move a patch over, and create a 
-> new one with a modified comment, but basically the _old_ commit will be 
-> immutable.
-
-Let me clarify.
-
-You can entirely _drop_ old branches, so commits may be immutable, but
-nothing forces you to keep them. Of course, when you drop a commit, you'll 
-always end up dropping all the commits that depended on it, and if you 
-actually got somebody else to pull that commit you can't drop it from 
-_their_ repository, but undoing things is not impossible.
-
-For example, let's say that you've made a mess of things: you've committed
-three commits "old->a->b->c", and you notice that "a" was broken, but you
-want to save "b" and "c". What you can do is
-
-	# Create a branch "broken" that is the current code
-	# for reference
-	git branch broken
-
-	# Reset the main branch to three parents back: this 
-	# effectively undoes the three top commits
-	git reset HEAD^^^
-	git checkout -f
-
-	# Check the result visually to make sure you know what's
-	# going on
-	gitk --all
-
-	# Re-apply the two top ones from "broken"
-	#
-	# First "parent of broken" (aka b):
-	git-diff-tree -p broken^ | git-apply --index
-	git commit --reedit=broken^
-
-	# Then "top of broken" (aka c):
-	git-diff-tree -p broken | git-apply --index
-	git commit --reedit=broken
-
-and you've now re-applied (and possibly edited the comments) the two
-commits b/c, and commit "a" is basically gone (it still exists in the
-"broken" branch, of course).
-
-Finally, check out the end result again:
-
-	# Look at the new commit history
-	gitk --all
-
-to see that everything looks sensible.
-
-And then, you can just remove the broken branch if you decide you really 
-don't want it:
-
-	# remove 'broken' branch
-	git branch -d broken
-
-	# Prune old objects if you're really really sure
-	git prune
-
-And yeah, I'm sure there are other ways of doing this. And as usual, the 
-above is totally untested, and I just wrote it down in this email, so if 
-I've done something wrong, you'll have to figure it out on your own ;)
-
-			Linus
--
-To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe git" in
-the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
-More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
index 3b3a5c2e69..74a1c0c4ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From:	Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+From:	Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 To:	git@vger.kernel.org
 Cc:	Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>, Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 Subject: Re: sending changesets from the middle of a git tree
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz> writes:
 > Dear diary, on Sun, Aug 14, 2005 at 09:57:13AM CEST, I got a letter
 > where Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> told me that...
 >> Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> writes:
->> 
->> > Junio, maybe you want to talk about how you move patches from your "pu" 
+>>
+>> > Junio, maybe you want to talk about how you move patches from your "pu"
 >> > branch to the real branches.
->> 
+>>
 > Actually, wouldn't this be also precisely for what StGIT is intended to?
 
 Exactly my feeling.  I was sort of waiting for Catalin to speak
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ the kind of task StGIT is designed to do.
 I just have done a simpler one, this time using only the core
 GIT tools.
 
-I had a handful commits that were ahead of master in pu, and I
+I had a handful of commits that were ahead of master in pu, and I
 wanted to add some documentation bypassing my usual habit of
 placing new things in pu first.  At the beginning, the commit
 ancestry graph looked like this:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ up your changes, along with other changes.
 
    where                      *your "master" head
   upstream --> #1 --> #2 --> #3
-    used   \ 
+    used   \
    to be     \--> #A --> #2' --> #3' --> #B --> #C
                                                 *upstream head
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ You fetch from upstream, but not merge.
     $ git fetch upstream
 
 This leaves the updated upstream head in .git/FETCH_HEAD but
-does not touch your .git/HEAD nor .git/refs/heads/master.  
+does not touch your .git/HEAD nor .git/refs/heads/master.
 You run "git rebase" now.
 
     $ git rebase FETCH_HEAD master
@@ -161,5 +161,3 @@ the #1' commit.
 To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe git" in
 the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
 More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
index 02621b54a0..48c67568d3 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Subject: [HOWTO] Using post-update hook
 Message-ID: <7vy86o6usx.fsf@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net>
-From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Date: Fri, 26 Aug 2005 18:19:10 -0700
 Abstract: In this how-to article, JC talks about how he
  uses the post-update hook to automate git documentation page
@@ -84,4 +84,3 @@ There are four things worth mentioning:
  - This is still crude and does not protect against simultaneous
    make invocations stomping on each other.  I would need to add
    some locking mechanism for this.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..323b513ed0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+Date: Fri, 9 Nov 2007 08:28:38 -0800 (PST)
+From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
+Subject: corrupt object on git-gc
+Abstract: Some tricks to reconstruct blob objects in order to fix
+ a corrupted repository.
+
+On Fri, 9 Nov 2007, Yossi Leybovich wrote:
+>
+> Did not help still the repository look for this object?
+> Any one know how can I track this object and understand which file is it
+
+So exactly *because* the SHA1 hash is cryptographically secure, the hash
+itself doesn't actually tell you anything, in order to fix a corrupt
+object you basically have to find the "original source" for it.
+
+The easiest way to do that is almost always to have backups, and find the
+same object somewhere else. Backups really are a good idea, and git makes
+it pretty easy (if nothing else, just clone the repository somewhere else,
+and make sure that you do *not* use a hard-linked clone, and preferably
+not the same disk/machine).
+
+But since you don't seem to have backups right now, the good news is that
+especially with a single blob being corrupt, these things *are* somewhat
+debuggable.
+
+First off, move the corrupt object away, and *save* it. The most common
+cause of corruption so far has been memory corruption, but even so, there
+are people who would be interested in seeing the corruption - but it's
+basically impossible to judge the corruption until we can also see the
+original object, so right now the corrupt object is useless, but it's very
+interesting for the future, in the hope that you can re-create a
+non-corrupt version.
+
+So:
+
+> ib]$ mv .git/objects/4b/9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200 ../
+
+This is the right thing to do, although it's usually best to save it under
+it's full SHA1 name (you just dropped the "4b" from the result ;).
+
+Let's see what that tells us:
+
+> ib]$ git-fsck --full
+> broken link from    tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
+>              to    blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
+> missing blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
+
+Ok, I removed the "dangling commit" messages, because they are just
+messages about the fact that you probably have rebased etc, so they're not
+at all interesting. But what remains is still very useful. In particular,
+we now know which tree points to it!
+
+Now you can do
+
+	git ls-tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
+
+which will show something like
+
+	100644 blob 8d14531846b95bfa3564b58ccfb7913a034323b8    .gitignore
+	100644 blob ebf9bf84da0aab5ed944264a5db2a65fe3a3e883    .mailmap
+	100644 blob ca442d313d86dc67e0a2e5d584b465bd382cbf5c    COPYING
+	100644 blob ee909f2cc49e54f0799a4739d24c4cb9151ae453    CREDITS
+	040000 tree 0f5f709c17ad89e72bdbbef6ea221c69807009f6    Documentation
+	100644 blob 1570d248ad9237e4fa6e4d079336b9da62d9ba32    Kbuild
+	100644 blob 1c7c229a092665b11cd46a25dbd40feeb31661d9    MAINTAINERS
+	...
+
+and you should now have a line that looks like
+
+	10064 blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200	my-magic-file
+
+in the output. This already tells you a *lot* it tells you what file the
+corrupt blob came from!
+
+Now, it doesn't tell you quite enough, though: it doesn't tell what
+*version* of the file didn't get correctly written! You might be really
+lucky, and it may be the version that you already have checked out in your
+working tree, in which case fixing this problem is really simple, just do
+
+	git hash-object -w my-magic-file
+
+again, and if it outputs the missing SHA1 (4b945..) you're now all done!
+
+But that's the really lucky case, so let's assume that it was some older
+version that was broken. How do you tell which version it was?
+
+The easiest way to do it is to do
+
+	git log --raw --all --full-history -- subdirectory/my-magic-file
+
+and that will show you the whole log for that file (please realize that
+the tree you had may not be the top-level tree, so you need to figure out
+which subdirectory it was in on your own), and because you're asking for
+raw output, you'll now get something like
+
+	commit abc
+	Author:
+	Date:
+	  ..
+	:100644 100644 4b9458b... newsha... M  somedirectory/my-magic-file
+
+
+	commit xyz
+	Author:
+	Date:
+
+	  ..
+	:100644 100644 oldsha... 4b9458b... M	somedirectory/my-magic-file
+
+and this actually tells you what the *previous* and *subsequent* versions
+of that file were! So now you can look at those ("oldsha" and "newsha"
+respectively), and hopefully you have done commits often, and can
+re-create the missing my-magic-file version by looking at those older and
+newer versions!
+
+If you can do that, you can now recreate the missing object with
+
+	git hash-object -w <recreated-file>
+
+and your repository is good again!
+
+(Btw, you could have ignored the fsck, and started with doing a
+
+	git log --raw --all
+
+and just looked for the sha of the missing object (4b9458b..) in that
+whole thing. It's up to you - git does *have* a lot of information, it is
+just missing one particular blob version.
+
+Trying to recreate trees and especially commits is *much* harder. So you
+were lucky that it's a blob. It's quite possible that you can recreate the
+thing.
+
+			Linus
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b4a390005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2008 00:45:19 -0800
+From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>, Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+Subject: Re: Odd merge behaviour involving reverts
+Abstract: Sometimes a branch that was already merged to the mainline
+ is later found to be faulty.  Linus and Junio give guidance on
+ recovering from such a premature merge and continuing development
+ after the offending branch is fixed.
+Message-ID: <7vocz8a6zk.fsf@gitster.siamese.dyndns.org>
+References: <alpine.LFD.2.00.0812181949450.14014@localhost.localdomain>
+
+Alan <alan@clueserver.org> said:
+
+    I have a master branch.  We have a branch off of that that some
+    developers are doing work on.  They claim it is ready. We merge it
+    into the master branch.  It breaks something so we revert the merge.
+    They make changes to the code.  they get it to a point where they say
+    it is ok and we merge again.
+
+    When examined, we find that code changes made before the revert are
+    not in the master branch, but code changes after are in the master
+    branch.
+
+and asked for help recovering from this situation.
+
+The history immediately after the "revert of the merge" would look like
+this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W
+	       /
+       ---A---B
+
+where A and B are on the side development that was not so good, M is the
+merge that brings these premature changes into the mainline, x are changes
+unrelated to what the side branch did and already made on the mainline,
+and W is the "revert of the merge M" (doesn't W look M upside down?).
+IOW, "diff W^..W" is similar to "diff -R M^..M".
+
+Such a "revert" of a merge can be made with:
+
+    $ git revert -m 1 M
+
+After the developers of the side branch fix their mistakes, the history
+may look like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+where C and D are to fix what was broken in A and B, and you may already
+have some other changes on the mainline after W.
+
+If you merge the updated side branch (with D at its tip), none of the
+changes made in A nor B will be in the result, because they were reverted
+by W.  That is what Alan saw.
+
+Linus explains the situation:
+
+    Reverting a regular commit just effectively undoes what that commit
+    did, and is fairly straightforward. But reverting a merge commit also
+    undoes the _data_ that the commit changed, but it does absolutely
+    nothing to the effects on _history_ that the merge had.
+
+    So the merge will still exist, and it will still be seen as joining
+    the two branches together, and future merges will see that merge as
+    the last shared state - and the revert that reverted the merge brought
+    in will not affect that at all.
+
+    So a "revert" undoes the data changes, but it's very much _not_ an
+    "undo" in the sense that it doesn't undo the effects of a commit on
+    the repository history.
+
+    So if you think of "revert" as "undo", then you're going to always
+    miss this part of reverts. Yes, it undoes the data, but no, it doesn't
+    undo history.
+
+In such a situation, you would want to first revert the previous revert,
+which would make the history look like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---Y
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+where Y is the revert of W.  Such a "revert of the revert" can be done
+with:
+
+    $ git revert W
+
+This history would (ignoring possible conflicts between what W and W..Y
+changed) be equivalent to not having W nor Y at all in the history:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x----
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+and merging the side branch again will not have conflict arising from an
+earlier revert and revert of the revert.
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x-------*
+	       /                       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+Of course the changes made in C and D still can conflict with what was
+done by any of the x, but that is just a normal merge conflict.
+
+On the other hand, if the developers of the side branch discarded their
+faulty A and B, and redone the changes on top of the updated mainline
+after the revert, the history would have looked like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
+	       /                 \
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+If you reverted the revert in such a case as in the previous example:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x---Y---*
+	       /                 \         /
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+where Y is the revert of W, A' and B' are rerolled A and B, and there may
+also be a further fix-up C' on the side branch.  "diff Y^..Y" is similar
+to "diff -R W^..W" (which in turn means it is similar to "diff M^..M"),
+and "diff A'^..C'" by definition would be similar but different from that,
+because it is a rerolled series of the earlier change.  There will be a
+lot of overlapping changes that result in conflicts.  So do not do "revert
+of revert" blindly without thinking..
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
+	       /                 \
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+In the history with rebased side branch, W (and M) are behind the merge
+base of the updated branch and the tip of the mainline, and they should
+merge without the past faulty merge and its revert getting in the way.
+
+To recap, these are two very different scenarios, and they want two very
+different resolution strategies:
+
+ - If the faulty side branch was fixed by adding corrections on top, then
+   doing a revert of the previous revert would be the right thing to do.
+
+ - If the faulty side branch whose effects were discarded by an earlier
+   revert of a merge was rebuilt from scratch (i.e. rebasing and fixing,
+   as you seem to have interpreted), then re-merging the result without
+   doing anything else fancy would be the right thing to do.
+
+However, there are things to keep in mind when reverting a merge (and
+reverting such a revert).
+
+For example, think about what reverting a merge (and then reverting the
+revert) does to bisectability. Ignore the fact that the revert of a revert
+is undoing it - just think of it as a "single commit that does a lot".
+Because that is what it does.
+
+When you have a problem you are chasing down, and you hit a "revert this
+merge", what you're hitting is essentially a single commit that contains
+all the changes (but obviously in reverse) of all the commits that got
+merged. So it's debugging hell, because now you don't have lots of small
+changes that you can try to pinpoint which _part_ of it changes.
+
+But does it all work? Sure it does. You can revert a merge, and from a
+purely technical angle, git did it very naturally and had no real
+troubles. It just considered it a change from "state before merge" to
+"state after merge", and that was it. Nothing complicated, nothing odd,
+nothing really dangerous. Git will do it without even thinking about it.
+
+So from a technical angle, there's nothing wrong with reverting a merge,
+but from a workflow angle it's something that you generally should try to
+avoid.
+
+If at all possible, for example, if you find a problem that got merged
+into the main tree, rather than revert the merge, try _really_ hard to
+bisect the problem down into the branch you merged, and just fix it, or
+try to revert the individual commit that caused it.
+
+Yes, it's more complex, and no, it's not always going to work (sometimes
+the answer is: "oops, I really shouldn't have merged it, because it wasn't
+ready yet, and I really need to undo _all_ of the merge"). So then you
+really should revert the merge, but when you want to re-do the merge, you
+now need to do it by reverting the revert.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
index d88ec23a97..e70d8a31e7 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 To: git@vger.kernel.org
 Subject: [HOWTO] Reverting an existing commit
 Abstract: In this article, JC gives a small real-life example of using
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Everything is in the good order.  I do not need the temporary branch
 nor tag anymore, so remove them:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ rm -f .git/refs/tags/pu-anchor 
+$ rm -f .git/refs/tags/pu-anchor
 $ git branch -d revert-c99
 ------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
index 090e2c9b01..6d3eb8ed00 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Subject: Separating topic branches
 Abstract: In this article, JC describes how to separate topic branches.
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ up with a history like this:
 
             "master"
         o---o
-             \                    "topic" 
+             \                    "topic"
               o---o---o---o---o---o
 
 At this point, "topic" contains something I know I want, but it
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ start building on top of "master":
         $ git checkout -b topicA master
         ... pick and apply pieces from P.diff to build
         ... commits on topicA branch.
-                      
+
               o---o---o
              /        "topicA"
         o---o"master"
-             \                    "topic" 
+             \                    "topic"
               o---o---o---o---o---o
 
 Before doing each commit on "topicA" HEAD, I run "diff HEAD"
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ other topic:
              /o---o---o
             |/        "topicA"
         o---o"master"
-             \                    "topic" 
+             \                    "topic"
               o---o---o---o---o---o
 
 After I am done, I'd try a pretend-merge between "topicA" and
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ After I am done, I'd try a pretend-merge between "topicA" and
              /o---o---o----------'
             |/        "topicA"
         o---o"master"
-             \                    "topic" 
+             \                    "topic"
               o---o---o---o---o---o
 
 The last diff better not to show anything other than cleanups
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ for crufts.  Then I can finally clean things up:
 
                                 "topicB"
                o---o---o---o---o
-              / 
+              /
              /o---o---o
             |/        "topicA"
         o---o"master"
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
index 8eadc20494..622ee5c8dd 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 From: Rutger Nijlunsing <rutger@nospam.com>
-Subject: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP.
+Subject: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP(S).
 Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2006 22:00:26 +0200
 
 Since Apache is one of those packages people like to compile
@@ -40,9 +40,13 @@ What's needed:
 
 - have permissions to chown a directory
 
-- have git installed at the server _and_ client
+- have git installed on the client, and
 
-In effect, this probably means you're going to be root.
+- either have git installed on the server or have a webdav client on
+  the client.
+
+In effect, this means you're going to be root, or that you're using a
+preconfigured WebDAV server.
 
 
 Step 1: setup a bare GIT repository
@@ -50,9 +54,9 @@ Step 1: setup a bare GIT repository
 
 At the time of writing, git-http-push cannot remotely create a GIT
 repository. So we have to do that at the server side with git. Another
-option would be to generate an empty repository at the client and copy
-it to the server with WebDAV. But then you're probably the first to
-try that out :)
+option is to generate an empty bare repository at the client and copy
+it to the server with a WebDAV client (which is the only option if Git
+is not installed on the server).
 
 Create the directory under the DocumentRoot of the directories served
 by Apache. As an example we take /usr/local/apache2, but try "grep
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@ Then, add something like this to your httpd.conf
        Require valid-user
     </Location>
 
-    Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apach2/conf.d.
+    Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apache2/conf.d.
 
 The password file can be somewhere else, but it has to be readable by
 Apache and preferably not readable by the world.
@@ -169,7 +173,9 @@ On Debian:
 
    Most tests should pass.
 
-A command line tool to test WebDAV is cadaver.
+A command line tool to test WebDAV is cadaver. If you prefer GUIs, for
+example, konqueror can open WebDAV URLs as "webdav://..." or
+"webdavs://...".
 
 If you're into Windows, from XP onwards Internet Explorer supports
 WebDAV. For this, do Internet Explorer -> Open Location ->
@@ -179,8 +185,9 @@ http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git [x] Open as webfolder -> login .
 Step 3: setup the client
 ------------------------
 
-Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your git was built with curl.
-The easiest way to check is to look for the executable 'git-http-push'.
+Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your git was built with
+libcurl (version more recent than 7.10). The command 'git http-push' with
+no argument should display a usage message.
 
 Then, add the following to your $HOME/.netrc (you can do without, but will be
 asked to input your password a _lot_ of times):
@@ -197,10 +204,10 @@ instead of the server name.
 
 To check whether all is OK, do:
 
-   curl --netrc --location -v http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/
-
-...this should give a directory listing in HTML of /var/www/my-new-repo.git .
+   curl --netrc --location -v http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/HEAD
 
+...this should give something like 'ref: refs/heads/master', which is
+the content of the file HEAD on the server.
 
 Now, add the remote in your existing repository which contains the project
 you want to export:
@@ -225,6 +232,15 @@ want to export) to repository called 'upload', which we previously
 defined with git-config.
 
 
+Using a proxy:
+--------------
+
+If you have to access the WebDAV server from behind an HTTP(S) proxy,
+set the variable 'all_proxy' to 'http://proxy-host.com:port', or
+'http://login-on-proxy:passwd-on-proxy@proxy-host.com:port'. See 'man
+curl' for details.
+
+
 Troubleshooting:
 ----------------
 
@@ -248,9 +264,14 @@ Reading /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log is often helpful.
 
   On Debian: Read /var/log/apache2/error.log instead.
 
+If you access HTTPS locations, git may fail verifying the SSL
+certificate (this is return code 60). Setting http.sslVerify=false can
+help diagnosing the problem, but removes security checks.
+
 
 Debian References: http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/285
 
 Authors
   Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
   Rutger Nijlunsing <git@wingding.demon.nl>
+  Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
index 3a33696f00..697d918885 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Carl Baldwin <cnb@fc.hp.com>
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Carl Baldwin <cnb@fc.hp.com>
 Subject: control access to branches.
 Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2005 23:55:32 -0800
 Message-ID: <7vfypumlu3.fsf@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net>
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ function info {
 
 # Implement generic branch and tag policies.
 # - Tags should not be updated once created.
-# - Branches should only be fast-forwarded.
+# - Branches should only be fast-forwarded unless their pattern starts with '+'
 case "$1" in
   refs/tags/*)
-    [ -f "$GIT_DIR/$1" ] &&
+    git rev-parse --verify -q "$1" &&
     deny >/dev/null "You can't overwrite an existing tag"
     ;;
   refs/heads/*)
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ case "$1" in
       mb=$(git-merge-base "$2" "$3")
       case "$mb,$2" in
         "$2,$mb") info "Update is fast-forward" ;;
-        *)        deny >/dev/null  "This is not a fast-forward update." ;;
+	*)	  noff=y; info "This is not a fast-forward update.";;
       esac
     fi
     ;;
@@ -95,21 +95,30 @@ allowed_users_file=$GIT_DIR/info/allowed-users
 username=$(id -u -n)
 info "The user is: '$username'"
 
-if [ -f "$allowed_users_file" ]; then
+if test -f "$allowed_users_file"
+then
   rc=$(cat $allowed_users_file | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' |
-    while read head_pattern user_patterns; do
-      matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "$head_pattern")
-      if [ "$matchlen" == "${#1}" ]; then
-        info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
-        for user_pattern in $user_patterns; do
-          info "Checking user: '$username' against pattern: '$user_pattern'"
-          matchlen=$(expr "$username" : "$user_pattern")
-          if [ "$matchlen" == "${#username}" ]; then
-            grant "Allowing user: '$username' with pattern: '$user_pattern'"
-          fi
-        done
-        deny "The user is not in the access list for this branch"
-      fi
+    while read heads user_patterns
+    do
+      # does this rule apply to us?
+      head_pattern=${heads#+}
+      matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "${head_pattern#+}")
+      test "$matchlen" = ${#1} || continue
+
+      # if non-ff, $heads must be with the '+' prefix
+      test -n "$noff" &&
+      test "$head_pattern" = "$heads" && continue
+
+      info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
+      for user_pattern in $user_patterns; do
+	info "Checking user: '$username' against pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+	matchlen=$(expr "$username" : "$user_pattern")
+	if test "$matchlen" = "${#username}"
+	then
+	  grant "Allowing user: '$username' with pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+	fi
+      done
+      deny "The user is not in the access list for this branch"
     done
   )
   case "$rc" in
@@ -124,23 +133,32 @@ groups=$(id -G -n)
 info "The user belongs to the following groups:"
 info "'$groups'"
 
-if [ -f "$allowed_groups_file" ]; then
+if test -f "$allowed_groups_file"
+then
   rc=$(cat $allowed_groups_file | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' |
-    while read head_pattern group_patterns; do
-      matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "$head_pattern")
-      if [ "$matchlen" == "${#1}" ]; then
-        info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
-        for group_pattern in $group_patterns; do
-          for groupname in $groups; do
-            info "Checking group: '$groupname' against pattern: '$group_pattern'"
-            matchlen=$(expr "$groupname" : "$group_pattern")
-            if [ "$matchlen" == "${#groupname}" ]; then
-              grant "Allowing group: '$groupname' with pattern: '$group_pattern'"
-            fi
-          done
+    while read heads group_patterns
+    do
+      # does this rule apply to us?
+      head_pattern=${heads#+}
+      matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "${head_pattern#+}")
+      test "$matchlen" = ${#1} || continue
+
+      # if non-ff, $heads must be with the '+' prefix
+      test -n "$noff" &&
+      test "$head_pattern" = "$heads" && continue
+
+      info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
+      for group_pattern in $group_patterns; do
+	for groupname in $groups; do
+	  info "Checking group: '$groupname' against pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+	  matchlen=$(expr "$groupname" : "$group_pattern")
+	  if test "$matchlen" = "${#groupname}"
+	  then
+	    grant "Allowing group: '$groupname' with pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+	  fi
         done
-        deny "None of the user's groups are in the access list for this branch"
-      fi
+      done
+      deny "None of the user's groups are in the access list for this branch"
     done
   )
   case "$rc" in
@@ -158,15 +176,17 @@ This uses two files, $GIT_DIR/info/allowed-users and
 allowed-groups, to describe which heads can be pushed into by
 whom.  The format of each file would look like this:
 
-	refs/heads/master	junio
+        refs/heads/master	junio
+	+refs/heads/pu		junio
         refs/heads/cogito$	pasky
-	refs/heads/bw/		linus
-        refs/heads/tmp/		*
-        refs/tags/v[0-9]*	junio
+        refs/heads/bw/.*	linus
+        refs/heads/tmp/.*	.*
+        refs/tags/v[0-9].*	junio
 
 With this, Linus can push or create "bw/penguin" or "bw/zebra"
 or "bw/panda" branches, Pasky can do only "cogito", and JC can
-do master branch and make versioned tags.  And anybody can do
-tmp/blah branches.
+do master and pu branches and make versioned tags.  And anybody
+can do tmp/blah branches. The '+' sign at the pu record means
+that JC can make non-fast-forward pushes on it.
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
index 1a1eb246bf..4e2f75cb61 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
@@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ Now, test your daemon with
 	$ git ls-remote git://127.0.0.1/rule-the-world.git
 
 If this does not work, find out why, and submit a patch to this document.
-
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0953a50b69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+Date: Sat, 5 Jan 2008 20:17:40 -0500
+From: Sean <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
+To: Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>
+Cc: git@vger.kernel.org
+Subject: how to use git merge -s subtree?
+Abstract: In this article, Sean demonstrates how one can use the subtree merge
+ strategy.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+Message-ID: <BAYC1-PASMTP12374B54BA370A1E1C6E78AE4E0@CEZ.ICE>
+
+How to use the subtree merge strategy
+=====================================
+
+There are situations where you want to include contents in your project
+from an independently developed project. You can just pull from the
+other project as long as there are no conflicting paths.
+
+The problematic case is when there are conflicting files. Potential
+candidates are Makefiles and other standard filenames. You could merge
+these files but probably you do not want to.  A better solution for this
+problem can be to merge the project as its own subdirectory. This is not
+supported by the 'recursive' merge strategy, so just pulling won't work.
+
+What you want is the 'subtree' merge strategy, which helps you in such a
+situation.
+
+In this example, let's say you have the repository at `/path/to/B` (but
+it can be an URL as well, if you want). You want to merge the 'master'
+branch of that repository to the `dir-B` subdirectory in your current
+branch.
+
+Here is the command sequence you need:
+
+----------------
+$ git remote add -f Bproject /path/to/B <1>
+$ git merge -s ours --no-commit Bproject/master <2>
+$ git read-tree --prefix=dir-B/ -u Bproject/master <3>
+$ git commit -m "Merge B project as our subdirectory" <4>
+
+$ git pull -s subtree Bproject master <5>
+----------------
+<1> name the other project "Bproject", and fetch.
+<2> prepare for the later step to record the result as a merge.
+<3> read "master" branch of Bproject to the subdirectory "dir-B".
+<4> record the merge result.
+<5> maintain the result with subsequent merges using "subtree"
+
+The first four commands are used for the initial merge, while the last
+one is to merge updates from 'B project'.
+
+Comparing 'subtree' merge with submodules
+-----------------------------------------
+
+- The benefit of using subtree merge is that it requires less
+  administrative burden from the users of your repository. It works with
+  older (before Git v1.5.2) clients and you have the code right after
+  clone.
+
+- However if you use submodules then you can choose not to transfer the
+  submodule objects. This may be a problem with the subtree merge.
+
+- Also, in case you make changes to the other project, it is easier to
+  submit changes if you just use submodules.
+
+Additional tips
+---------------
+
+- If you made changes to the other project in your repository, they may
+  want to merge from your project. This is possible using subtree -- it
+  can shift up the paths in your tree and then they can merge only the
+  relevant parts of your tree.
+
+- Please note that if the other project merges from you, then it will
+  connects its history to yours, which can be something they don't want
+  to.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-topic-branches.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-topic-branches.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c98194cb8..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/howto/using-topic-branches.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,296 +0,0 @@
-Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2005 12:17:41 -0700
-From: tony.luck@intel.com
-Subject: Some tutorial text (was git/cogito workshop/bof at linuxconf au?)
-Abstract: In this article, Tony Luck discusses how he uses GIT
- as a Linux subsystem maintainer.
-
-Here's something that I've been putting together on how I'm using
-GIT as a Linux subsystem maintainer.
-
--Tony
-
-Last updated w.r.t. GIT 1.1
-
-Linux subsystem maintenance using GIT
--------------------------------------
-
-My requirements here are to be able to create two public trees:
-
-1) A "test" tree into which patches are initially placed so that they
-can get some exposure when integrated with other ongoing development.
-This tree is available to Andrew for pulling into -mm whenever he wants.
-
-2) A "release" tree into which tested patches are moved for final
-sanity checking, and as a vehicle to send them upstream to Linus
-(by sending him a "please pull" request.)
-
-Note that the period of time that each patch spends in the "test" tree
-is dependent on the complexity of the change.  Since GIT does not support
-cherry picking, it is not practical to simply apply all patches to the
-test tree and then pull to the release tree as that would leave trivial
-patches blocked in the test tree waiting for complex changes to accumulate
-enough test time to graduate.
-
-Back in the BitKeeper days I achieved this by creating small forests of
-temporary trees, one tree for each logical grouping of patches, and then
-pulling changes from these trees first to the test tree, and then to the
-release tree.  At first I replicated this in GIT, but then I realised
-that I could so this far more efficiently using branches inside a single
-GIT repository.
-
-So here is the step-by-step guide how this all works for me.
-
-First create your work tree by cloning Linus's public tree:
-
- $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git work
-
-Change directory into the cloned tree you just created
-
- $ cd work
-
-Set up a remotes file so that you can fetch the latest from Linus' master
-branch into a local branch named "linus":
-
- $ cat > .git/remotes/linus
- URL: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
- Pull: master:linus
- ^D
-
-and create the linus branch:
-
- $ git branch linus
-
-The "linus" branch will be used to track the upstream kernel.  To update it,
-you simply run:
-
- $ git fetch linus
-
-you can do this frequently (and it should be safe to do so with pending
-work in your tree, but perhaps not if you are in mid-merge).
-
-If you need to keep track of other public trees, you can add remote branches
-for them too:
-
- $ git branch another
- $ cat > .git/remotes/another
- URL: ... insert URL here ...
- Pull: name-of-branch-in-this-remote-tree:another
- ^D
-
-and run:
-
- $ git fetch another
-
-Now create the branches in which you are going to work, these start
-out at the current tip of the linus branch.
-
- $ git branch test linus
- $ git branch release linus
-
-These can be easily kept up to date by merging from the "linus" branch:
-
- $ git checkout test && git merge "Auto-update from upstream" test linus
- $ git checkout release && git merge "Auto-update from upstream" release linus
-
-Important note!  If you have any local changes in these branches, then
-this merge will create a commit object in the history (with no local
-changes git will simply do a "Fast forward" merge).  Many people dislike
-the "noise" that this creates in the Linux history, so you should avoid
-doing this capriciously in the "release" branch, as these noisy commits
-will become part of the permanent history when you ask Linus to pull
-from the release branch.
-
-Set up so that you can push upstream to your public tree (you need to
-log-in to the remote system and create an empty tree there before the
-first push).
-
- $ cat > .git/remotes/mytree
- URL: master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux-2.6.git
- Push: release
- Push: test
- ^D
-
-and the push both the test and release trees using:
-
- $ git push mytree
-
-or push just one of the test and release branches using:
-
- $ git push mytree test
-or
- $ git push mytree release
-
-Now to apply some patches from the community.  Think of a short
-snappy name for a branch to hold this patch (or related group of
-patches), and create a new branch from the current tip of the
-linus branch:
-
- $ git checkout -b speed-up-spinlocks linus
-
-Now you apply the patch(es), run some tests, and commit the change(s).  If
-the patch is a multi-part series, then you should apply each as a separate
-commit to this branch.
-
- $ ... patch ... test  ... commit [ ... patch ... test ... commit ]*
-
-When you are happy with the state of this change, you can pull it into the
-"test" branch in preparation to make it public:
-
- $ git checkout test && git merge "Pull speed-up-spinlock changes" test speed-up-spinlocks
-
-It is unlikely that you would have any conflicts here ... but you might if you
-spent a while on this step and had also pulled new versions from upstream.
-
-Some time later when enough time has passed and testing done, you can pull the
-same branch into the "release" tree ready to go upstream.  This is where you
-see the value of keeping each patch (or patch series) in its own branch.  It
-means that the patches can be moved into the "release" tree in any order.
-
- $ git checkout release && git merge "Pull speed-up-spinlock changes" release speed-up-spinlocks
-
-After a while, you will have a number of branches, and despite the
-well chosen names you picked for each of them, you may forget what
-they are for, or what status they are in.  To get a reminder of what
-changes are in a specific branch, use:
-
- $ git-whatchanged branchname ^linus | git-shortlog
-
-To see whether it has already been merged into the test or release branches
-use:
-
- $ git-rev-list branchname ^test
-or
- $ git-rev-list branchname ^release
-
-[If this branch has not yet been merged you will see a set of SHA1 values
-for the commits, if it has been merged, then there will be no output]
-
-Once a patch completes the great cycle (moving from test to release, then
-pulled by Linus, and finally coming back into your local "linus" branch)
-the branch for this change is no longer needed.  You detect this when the
-output from:
-
- $ git-rev-list branchname ^linus
-
-is empty.  At this point the branch can be deleted:
-
- $ git branch -d branchname
-
-Some changes are so trivial that it is not necessary to create a separate
-branch and then merge into each of the test and release branches.  For
-these changes, just apply directly to the "release" branch, and then
-merge that into the "test" branch.
-
-To create diffstat and shortlog summaries of changes to include in a "please
-pull" request to Linus you can use:
-
- $ git-whatchanged -p release ^linus | diffstat -p1
-and
- $ git-whatchanged release ^linus | git-shortlog
-
-
-Here are some of the scripts that I use to simplify all this even further.
-
-==== update script ====
-# Update a branch in my GIT tree.  If the branch to be updated
-# is "linus", then pull from kernel.org.  Otherwise merge local
-# linus branch into test|release branch
-
-case "$1" in
-test|release)
-	git checkout $1 && git merge "Auto-update from upstream" $1 linus
-	;;
-linus)
-	before=$(cat .git/refs/heads/linus)
-	git fetch linus
-	after=$(cat .git/refs/heads/linus)
-	if [ $before != $after ]
-	then
-		git-whatchanged $after ^$before | git-shortlog
-	fi
-	;;
-*)
-	echo "Usage: $0 linus|test|release" 1>&2
-	exit 1
-	;;
-esac
-
-==== merge script ====
-# Merge a branch into either the test or release branch
-
-pname=$0
-
-usage()
-{
-	echo "Usage: $pname branch test|release" 1>&2
-	exit 1
-}
-
-if [ ! -f .git/refs/heads/"$1" ]
-then
-	echo "Can't see branch <$1>" 1>&2
-	usage
-fi
-
-case "$2" in
-test|release)
-	if [ $(git-rev-list $1 ^$2 | wc -c) -eq 0 ]
-	then
-		echo $1 already merged into $2 1>&2
-		exit 1
-	fi
-	git checkout $2 && git merge "Pull $1 into $2 branch" $2 $1
-	;;
-*)
-	usage
-	;;
-esac
-
-==== status script ====
-# report on status of my ia64 GIT tree
-
-gb=$(tput setab 2)
-rb=$(tput setab 1)
-restore=$(tput setab 9)
-
-if [ `git-rev-list release ^test | wc -c` -gt 0 ]
-then
-	echo $rb Warning: commits in release that are not in test $restore
-	git-whatchanged release ^test
-fi
-
-for branch in `ls .git/refs/heads`
-do
-	if [ $branch = linus -o $branch = test -o $branch = release ]
-	then
-		continue
-	fi
-
-	echo -n $gb ======= $branch ====== $restore " "
-	status=
-	for ref in test release linus
-	do
-		if [ `git-rev-list $branch ^$ref | wc -c` -gt 0 ]
-		then
-			status=$status${ref:0:1}
-		fi
-	done
-	case $status in
-	trl)
-		echo $rb Need to pull into test $restore
-		;;
-	rl)
-		echo "In test"
-		;;
-	l)
-		echo "Waiting for linus"
-		;;
-	"")
-		echo $rb All done $restore
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo $rb "<$status>" $restore
-		;;
-	esac
-	git-whatchanged $branch ^linus | git-shortlog
-done
diff --git a/Documentation/i18n.txt b/Documentation/i18n.txt
index b95f99be6c..708da6ca31 100644
--- a/Documentation/i18n.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i18n.txt
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ At the core level, git is character encoding agnostic.
    to be what lstat(2) and creat(2) accepts.  There is no such
    thing as pathname encoding translation.
 
- - The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequence
+ - The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequences
    of bytes.  There is no encoding translation at the core
    level.
 
- - The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequence of non-NUL
+ - The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL
    bytes.
 
 Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ project find it more convenient to use legacy encodings, git
 does not forbid it.  However, there are a few things to keep in
 mind.
 
-. `git-commit-tree` (hence, `git-commit` which uses it) issues
-  an warning if the commit log message given to it does not look
+. 'git-commit' and 'git-commit-tree' issues
+  a warning if the commit log message given to it does not look
   like a valid UTF-8 string, unless you explicitly say your
   project uses a legacy encoding.  The way to say this is to
   have i18n.commitencoding in `.git/config` file, like this:
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ of `i18n.commitencoding` in its `encoding` header.  This is to
 help other people who look at them later.  Lack of this header
 implies that the commit log message is encoded in UTF-8.
 
-. `git-log`, `git-show` and friends looks at the `encoding`
-  header of a commit object, and tries to re-code the log
-  message into UTF-8 unless otherwise specified.  You can
+. 'git-log', 'git-show', 'git-blame' and friends look at the
+  `encoding` header of a commit object, and try to re-code the
+  log message into UTF-8 unless otherwise specified.  You can
   specify the desired output encoding with
   `i18n.logoutputencoding` in `.git/config` file, like this:
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
index a64054948a..35f440876e 100755
--- a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
+++ b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ head="$1"
 mandir="$2"
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=t
 USAGE='<refname> <target directory>'
-. git-sh-setup
-export GIT_DIR
+. "$(git --exec-path)"/git-sh-setup
+cd_to_toplevel
 
 test -z "$mandir" && usage
-if ! git-rev-parse --verify "$head^0" >/dev/null; then
+if ! git rev-parse --verify "$head^0" >/dev/null; then
 	echo >&2 "head: $head does not exist in the current repository"
 	usage
 fi
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ fi
 GIT_INDEX_FILE=`pwd`/.quick-doc.index
 export GIT_INDEX_FILE
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
-git-read-tree $head
-git-checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$mandir"/
+trap 'rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' 0
+
+git read-tree $head
+git checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$mandir"/
 
 if test -n "$GZ"; then
-	cd "$mandir"
-	for i in `git-ls-tree -r --name-only $head`
-	do
-		gzip < $i > $i.gz && rm $i
-	done
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only $head |
+	xargs printf "$mandir/%s\n" |
+	xargs gzip -f
 fi
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
diff --git a/Documentation/install-webdoc.sh b/Documentation/install-webdoc.sh
index cd3a18eb7f..2135a8ee1f 100755
--- a/Documentation/install-webdoc.sh
+++ b/Documentation/install-webdoc.sh
@@ -2,9 +2,16 @@
 
 T="$1"
 
-for h in *.html *.txt howto/*.txt howto/*.html RelNotes-*.txt *.css
+for h in \
+	*.txt *.html \
+	howto/*.txt howto/*.html \
+	technical/*.txt technical/*.html \
+	RelNotes-*.txt *.css
 do
-	if test -f "$T/$h" &&
+	if test ! -f "$h"
+	then
+		: did not match
+	elif test -f "$T/$h" &&
 	   diff -u -I'Last updated [0-9][0-9]-[A-Z][a-z][a-z]-' "$T/$h" "$h"
 	then
 		:; # up to date
@@ -16,7 +23,10 @@ do
 	fi
 done
 strip_leading=`echo "$T/" | sed -e 's|.|.|g'`
-for th in "$T"/*.html "$T"/*.txt "$T"/howto/*.txt "$T"/howto/*.html
+for th in \
+	"$T"/*.html "$T"/*.txt \
+	"$T"/howto/*.txt "$T"/howto/*.html \
+	"$T"/technical/*.txt "$T"/technical/*.html
 do
 	h=`expr "$th" : "$strip_leading"'\(.*\)'`
 	case "$h" in
diff --git a/Documentation/mailmap.txt b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..288f04e70c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+If the file `.mailmap` exists at the toplevel of the repository, or at
+the location pointed to by the mailmap.file configuration option, it
+is used to map author and committer names and email addresses to
+canonical real names and email addresses.
+
+In the simple form, each line in the file consists of the canonical
+real name of an author, whitespace, and an email address used in the
+commit (enclosed by '<' and '>') to map to the name. For example:
+--
+	Proper Name <commit@email.xx>
+--
+
+The more complex forms are:
+--
+	<proper@email.xx> <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace only the email part of a commit, and:
+--
+	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace both the name and the email of a
+commit matching the specified commit email address, and:
+--
+	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> Commit Name <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace both the name and the email of a
+commit matching both the specified commit name and email address.
+
+Example 1: Your history contains commits by two authors, Jane
+and Joe, whose names appear in the repository under several forms:
+
+------------
+Joe Developer <joe@example.com>
+Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
+Jane Doe <jane@example.com>
+Jane Doe <jane@laptop.(none)>
+Jane D. <jane@desktop.(none)>
+------------
+
+Now suppose that Joe wants his middle name initial used, and Jane
+prefers her family name fully spelled out. A proper `.mailmap` file
+would look like:
+
+------------
+Jane Doe         <jane@desktop.(none)>
+Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
+------------
+
+Note how there is no need for an entry for <jane@laptop.(none)>, because the
+real name of that author is already correct.
+
+Example 2: Your repository contains commits from the following
+authors:
+
+------------
+nick1 <bugs@company.xx>
+nick2 <bugs@company.xx>
+nick2 <nick2@company.xx>
+santa <me@company.xx>
+claus <me@company.xx>
+CTO <cto@coompany.xx>
+------------
+
+Then you might want a `.mailmap` file that looks like:
+------------
+<cto@company.xx>                       <cto@coompany.xx>
+Some Dude <some@dude.xx>         nick1 <bugs@company.xx>
+Other Author <other@author.xx>   nick2 <bugs@company.xx>
+Other Author <other@author.xx>         <nick2@company.xx>
+Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>
+------------
+
+Use hash '#' for comments that are either on their own line, or after
+the email address.
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b4d315cb8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<!-- manpage-1.72.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles peculiarities in docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<xsl:import href="manpage-base.xsl"/>
+
+<!-- these are the special values for the roff control characters
+     needed for docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.backslash">&#x2593;</xsl:param>
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.dot"      >&#x2302;</xsl:param>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a264fa6160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<!-- manpage-base.xsl:
+     special formatting for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- these params silence some output from xmlto -->
+<xsl:param name="man.output.quietly" select="1"/>
+<xsl:param name="refentry.meta.get.quietly" select="1"/>
+
+<!-- convert asciidoc callouts to man page format;
+     git.docbook.backslash and git.docbook.dot params
+     must be supplied by another XSL file or other means -->
+<xsl:template match="co">
+	<xsl:value-of select="concat(
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fB(',
+			      substring-after(@id,'-'),')',
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fR')"/>
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.dot"/>
+	<xsl:text>sp&#10;</xsl:text>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="callout">
+	<xsl:value-of select="concat(
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fB',
+			      substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),
+			      '. ',$git.docbook.backslash,'fR')"/>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.dot"/>
+	<xsl:text>br&#10;</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608eb5df62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!-- manpage-bold-literal.xsl:
+     special formatting for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- render literal text as bold (instead of plain or monospace);
+     this makes literal text easier to distinguish in manpages
+     viewed on a tty -->
+<xsl:template match="literal">
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.backslash"/>
+	<xsl:text>fB</xsl:text>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.backslash"/>
+	<xsl:text>fR</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a48f5b11f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!-- manpage-normal.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles anything we want to keep away from docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<xsl:import href="manpage-base.xsl"/>
+
+<!-- these are the normal values for the roff control characters -->
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.backslash">\</xsl:param>
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.dot"	>.</xsl:param>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a63c7632a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!-- manpage-suppress-sp.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles erroneous, inline .sp in manpage output of some
+     versions of docbook-xsl -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- attempt to work around spurious .sp at the tail of the line
+     that some versions of docbook stylesheets seem to add -->
+<xsl:template match="simpara">
+  <xsl:variable name="content">
+    <xsl:apply-templates/>
+  </xsl:variable>
+  <xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($content)"/>
+  <xsl:if test="not(ancestor::authorblurb) and
+                not(ancestor::personblurb)">
+    <xsl:text>&#10;&#10;</xsl:text>
+  </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0f96e7070
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+merge.conflictstyle::
+	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to
+	working tree files upon merge.  The default is "merge", which
+	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
+	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
+	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
+	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
+
+merge.log::
+	Whether to include summaries of merged commits in newly created
+	merge commit messages. False by default.
+
+merge.renameLimit::
+	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
+	during a merge; if not specified, defaults to the value of
+	diff.renameLimit.
+
+merge.stat::
+	Whether to print the diffstat between ORIG_HEAD and the merge result
+	at the end of the merge.  True by default.
+
+merge.tool::
+	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
+	linkgit:git-mergetool[1].  Valid built-in values are: "kdiff3",
+	"tkdiff", "meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff", "gvimdiff",
+	"diffuse", "ecmerge", "tortoisemerge", "araxis", and
+	"opendiff".  Any other value is treated is custom merge tool
+	and there must be a corresponding mergetool.<tool>.cmd option.
+
+merge.verbosity::
+	Controls the amount of output shown by the recursive merge
+	strategy.  Level 0 outputs nothing except a final error
+	message if conflicts were detected. Level 1 outputs only
+	conflicts, 2 outputs conflicts and file changes.  Level 5 and
+	above outputs debugging information.  The default is level 2.
+	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY' environment variable.
+
+merge.<driver>.name::
+	Defines a human-readable name for a custom low-level
+	merge driver.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+merge.<driver>.driver::
+	Defines the command that implements a custom low-level
+	merge driver.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+merge.<driver>.recursive::
+	Names a low-level merge driver to be used when
+	performing an internal merge between common ancestors.
+	See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index 182cef54be..adadf8e4bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -1,24 +1,69 @@
--n, \--no-summary::
-	Do not show diffstat at the end of the merge.
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Operate quietly.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be verbose.
+
+--stat::
+	Show a diffstat at the end of the merge. The diffstat is also
+	controlled by the configuration option merge.stat.
+
+-n::
+--no-stat::
+	Do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge.
+
+--summary::
+--no-summary::
+	Synonyms to --stat and --no-stat; these are deprecated and will be
+	removed in the future.
+
+--log::
+	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
+	one-line descriptions from the actual commits that are being
+	merged.
+
+--no-log::
+	Do not list one-line descriptions from the actual commits being
+	merged.
 
 --no-commit::
 	Perform the merge but pretend the merge failed and do
 	not autocommit, to give the user a chance to inspect and
 	further tweak the merge result before committing.
 
+--commit::
+	Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can
+	be used to override --no-commit.
+
 --squash::
 	Produce the working tree and index state as if a real
-	merge happened, but do not actually make a commit or
+	merge happened (except for the merge information),
+	but do not actually make a commit or
 	move the `HEAD`, nor record `$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD` to
 	cause the next `git commit` command to create a merge
 	commit.  This allows you to create a single commit on
 	top of the current branch whose effect is the same as
 	merging another branch (or more in case of an octopus).
 
--s <strategy>, \--strategy=<strategy>::
+--no-squash::
+	Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can
+	be used to override --squash.
+
+--no-ff::
+	Generate a merge commit even if the merge resolved as a
+	fast-forward.
+
+--ff::
+	Do not generate a merge commit if the merge resolved as
+	a fast-forward, only update the branch pointer. This is
+	the default behavior of git-merge.
+
+-s <strategy>::
+--strategy=<strategy>::
 	Use the given merge strategy; can be supplied more than
 	once to specify them in the order they should be tried.
 	If there is no `-s` option, a built-in list of strategies
-	is used instead (`git-merge-recursive` when merging a single
-	head, `git-merge-octopus` otherwise).
-
+	is used instead ('git-merge-recursive' when merging a single
+	head, 'git-merge-octopus' otherwise).
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
index 7df0266ba8..4365b7e842 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ MERGE STRATEGIES
 
 resolve::
 	This can only resolve two heads (i.e. the current branch
-	and another branch you pulled from) using 3-way merge
+	and another branch you pulled from) using a 3-way merge
 	algorithm.  It tries to carefully detect criss-cross
 	merge ambiguities and is considered generally safe and
 	fast.
 
 recursive::
-	This can only resolve two heads using 3-way merge
-	algorithm.  When there are more than one common
-	ancestors that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a
+	This can only resolve two heads using a 3-way merge
+	algorithm.  When there is more than one common
+	ancestor that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a
 	merged tree of the common ancestors and uses that as
 	the reference tree for the 3-way merge.  This has been
 	reported to result in fewer merge conflicts without
@@ -22,14 +22,21 @@ recursive::
 	pulling or merging one branch.
 
 octopus::
-	This resolves more than two-head case, but refuses to do
-	complex merge that needs manual resolution.  It is
+	This resolves cases with more than two heads, but refuses to do
+	a complex merge that needs manual resolution.  It is
 	primarily meant to be used for bundling topic branch
 	heads together.  This is the default merge strategy when
-	pulling or merging more than one branches.
+	pulling or merging more than one branch.
 
 ours::
 	This resolves any number of heads, but the result of the
 	merge is always the current branch head.  It is meant to
 	be used to supersede old development history of side
 	branches.
+
+subtree::
+	This is a modified recursive strategy. When merging trees A and
+	B, if B corresponds to a subtree of A, B is first adjusted to
+	match the tree structure of A, instead of reading the trees at
+	the same level. This adjustment is also done to the common
+	ancestor tree.
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index 2fe6c31967..2a845b1e57 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -1,41 +1,42 @@
---pretty[='<format>']::
-
-        Pretty-prints the details of a commit.  `--pretty`
-	without an explicit `=<format>` defaults to 'medium'.
-	If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format
-        is not 'oneline', 'email' or 'raw', an additional line is
-        inserted before the 'Author:' line.  This line begins with
-        "Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are printed,
-        separated by spaces.  Note that the listed commits may not
-        necessarily be the list of the *direct* parent commits if you
-        have limited your view of history: for example, if you are
-        only interested in changes related to a certain directory or
-        file.  Here are some additional details for each format:
-
-        * 'oneline'
+PRETTY FORMATS
+--------------
+
+If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format
+is not 'oneline', 'email' or 'raw', an additional line is
+inserted before the 'Author:' line.  This line begins with
+"Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are printed,
+separated by spaces.  Note that the listed commits may not
+necessarily be the list of the *direct* parent commits if you
+have limited your view of history: for example, if you are
+only interested in changes related to a certain directory or
+file.
+
+Here are some additional details for each format:
+
+* 'oneline'
 
 	  <sha1> <title line>
 +
 This is designed to be as compact as possible.
 
-        * 'short'
+* 'short'
 
 	  commit <sha1>
 	  Author: <author>
 
 	      <title line>
 
-        * 'medium'
+* 'medium'
 
 	  commit <sha1>
 	  Author: <author>
-	  Date: <date>
+	  Date:   <author date>
 
 	      <title line>
 
 	      <full commit message>
 
-        * 'full'
+* 'full'
 
 	  commit <sha1>
 	  Author: <author>
@@ -45,30 +46,28 @@ This is designed to be as compact as possible.
 
 	      <full commit message>
 
-        * 'fuller'
+* 'fuller'
 
 	  commit <sha1>
-	  Author: <author>
-	  AuthorDate: <date & time>
-	  Commit: <committer>
-	  CommitDate: <date & time>
+	  Author:     <author>
+	  AuthorDate: <author date>
+	  Commit:     <committer>
+	  CommitDate: <committer date>
 
 	       <title line>
 
 	       <full commit message>
 
-
-        * 'email'
+* 'email'
 
 	  From <sha1> <date>
 	  From: <author>
-	  Date: <date & time>
+	  Date: <author date>
 	  Subject: [PATCH] <title line>
 
-	  full commit message>
-
+	  <full commit message>
 
-	* 'raw'
+* 'raw'
 +
 The 'raw' format shows the entire commit exactly as
 stored in the commit object.  Notably, the SHA1s are
@@ -77,19 +76,22 @@ displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
 true parent commits, without taking grafts nor history
 simplification into account.
 
-	* 'format:'
+* 'format:'
 +
 The 'format:' format allows you to specify which information
 you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format,
 with the notable exception that you get a newline with '%n'
 instead of '\n'.
-
-E.g, 'format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was >>%s<<"'
++
+E.g, 'format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was >>%s<<%n"'
 would show something like this:
-
++
+-------
 The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago
 The title was >>t4119: test autocomputing -p<n> for traditional diff input.<<
 
+--------
++
 The placeholders are:
 
 - '%H': commit hash
@@ -99,31 +101,64 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%P': parent hashes
 - '%p': abbreviated parent hashes
 - '%an': author name
+- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ae': author email
-- '%ad': author date
+- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%ad': author date (format respects --date= option)
 - '%aD': author date, RFC2822 style
 - '%ar': author date, relative
 - '%at': author date, UNIX timestamp
+- '%ai': author date, ISO 8601 format
 - '%cn': committer name
+- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ce': committer email
+- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%cd': committer date
 - '%cD': committer date, RFC2822 style
 - '%cr': committer date, relative
 - '%ct': committer date, UNIX timestamp
+- '%ci': committer date, ISO 8601 format
+- '%d': ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1]
 - '%e': encoding
 - '%s': subject
+- '%f': sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
 - '%b': body
 - '%Cred': switch color to red
 - '%Cgreen': switch color to green
 - '%Cblue': switch color to blue
 - '%Creset': reset color
+- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
+- '%m': left, right or boundary mark
 - '%n': newline
+- '%x00': print a byte from a hex code
 
-
---encoding[=<encoding>]::
-	The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message
-	in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
-	command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
-	preferred by the user.  For non plumbing commands this
-	defaults to UTF-8.
-
+* 'tformat:'
++
+The 'tformat:' format works exactly like 'format:', except that it
+provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics. In
+other words, each commit has the message terminator character (usually a
+newline) appended, rather than a separator placed between entries.
+This means that the final entry of a single-line format will be properly
+terminated with a new line, just as the "oneline" format does.
+For example:
++
+---------------------
+$ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \
+  | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
+4da45be
+7134973 -- NO NEWLINE
+
+$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
+  | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
+4da45be
+7134973
+---------------------
++
+In addition, any unrecognized string that has a `%` in it is interpreted
+as if it has `tformat:` in front of it.  For example, these two are
+equivalent:
++
+---------------------
+$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
+$ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef
+---------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bff94991b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+--pretty[='<format>']::
+--format[='<format>']::
+
+	Pretty-print the contents of the commit logs in a given format,
+	where '<format>' can be one of 'oneline', 'short', 'medium',
+	'full', 'fuller', 'email', 'raw' and 'format:<string>'.
+	When omitted, the format defaults to 'medium'.
++
+Note: you can specify the default pretty format in the repository
+configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+--abbrev-commit::
+	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object
+	name, show only a partial prefix.  Non default number of
+	digits can be specified with "--abbrev=<n>" (which also modifies
+	diff output, if it is displayed).
++
+This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for
+people using 80-column terminals.
+
+--oneline::
+	This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
+	used together.
+
+--encoding[=<encoding>]::
+	The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message
+	in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
+	command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
+	preferred by the user.  For non plumbing commands this
+	defaults to UTF-8.
diff --git a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
index 8d4e950abc..f9811f2473 100644
--- a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 <repository>::
 	The "remote" repository that is the source of a fetch
-	or pull operation.  See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below.
+	or pull operation.  This parameter can be either a URL
+	(see the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below) or the name
+	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
 <refspec>::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
 +
 The remote ref that matches <src>
 is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
 ref that matches it is fast forwarded using <src>.
-Again, if the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
+If the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
 is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
 update.
 +
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ must know this is the expected usage pattern for a branch.
 [NOTE]
 You never do your own development on branches that appear
 on the right hand side of a <refspec> colon on `Pull:` lines;
-they are to be updated by `git-fetch`.  If you intend to do
+they are to be updated by 'git-fetch'.  If you intend to do
 development derived from a remote branch `B`, have a `Pull:`
 line to track it (i.e. `Pull: B:remote-B`), and have a separate
 branch `my-B` to do your development on top of it.  The latter
@@ -42,13 +43,13 @@ on the remote branch, merge it into your development branch with
 +
 [NOTE]
 There is a difference between listing multiple <refspec>
-directly on `git-pull` command line and having multiple
+directly on 'git-pull' command line and having multiple
 `Pull:` <refspec> lines for a <repository> and running
-`git-pull` command without any explicit <refspec> parameters.
+'git-pull' command without any explicit <refspec> parameters.
 <refspec> listed explicitly on the command line are always
 merged into the current branch after fetching.  In other words,
 if you list more than one remote refs, you would be making
-an Octopus.  While `git-pull` run without any explicit <refspec>
+an Octopus.  While 'git-pull' run without any explicit <refspec>
 parameter takes default <refspec>s from `Pull:` lines, it
 merges only the first <refspec> found into the current branch,
 after fetching all the remote refs.  This is because making an
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ is often useful.
 +
 Some short-cut notations are also supported.
 +
-* `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`; 
+* `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`;
   it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.
 * A parameter <ref> without a colon is equivalent to
   <ref>: when pulling/fetching, so it merges <ref> into the current
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf66116d61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+Commit Formatting
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+Using these options, linkgit:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
+more specialized family of commit log tools: linkgit:git-log[1],
+linkgit:git-show[1], and linkgit:git-whatchanged[1]
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+include::pretty-options.txt[]
+
+--relative-date::
+
+	Synonym for `--date=relative`.
+
+--date={relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short,raw}::
+
+	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
+	as when using "--pretty". `log.date` config variable sets a default
+	value for log command's --date option.
++
+`--date=relative` shows dates relative to the current time,
+e.g. "2 hours ago".
++
+`--date=local` shows timestamps in user's local timezone.
++
+`--date=iso` (or `--date=iso8601`) shows timestamps in ISO 8601 format.
++
+`--date=rfc` (or `--date=rfc2822`) shows timestamps in RFC 2822
+format, often found in E-mail messages.
++
+`--date=short` shows only date but not time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
++
+`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw git format `%s %z` format.
++
+`--date=default` shows timestamps in the original timezone
+(either committer's or author's).
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--header::
+
+	Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
+	separated with a NUL character.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--parents::
+
+	Print the parents of the commit.  Also enables parent
+	rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+
+--children::
+
+	Print the children of the commit.  Also enables parent
+	rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--timestamp::
+	Print the raw commit timestamp.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--left-right::
+
+	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
+	Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from
+	the right with `>`.  If combined with `--boundary`, those
+	commits are prefixed with `-`.
++
+For example, if you have this topology:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+             y---b---b  branch B
+            / \ /
+           /   .
+          /   / \
+         o---x---a---a  branch A
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+you would get an output like this:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	$ git rev-list --left-right --boundary --pretty=oneline A...B
+
+	>bbbbbbb... 3rd on b
+	>bbbbbbb... 2nd on b
+	<aaaaaaa... 3rd on a
+	<aaaaaaa... 2nd on a
+	-yyyyyyy... 1st on b
+	-xxxxxxx... 1st on a
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+--graph::
+
+	Draw a text-based graphical representation of the commit history
+	on the left hand side of the output.  This may cause extra lines
+	to be printed in between commits, in order for the graph history
+	to be drawn properly.
++
+This implies the '--topo-order' option by default, but the
+'--date-order' option may also be specified.
+
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
+Diff Formatting
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
+Some of them are specific to linkgit:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
+options may be given. See linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
+
+-c::
+
+	This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed.  It shows
+	the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
+	simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
+	and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
+	which were modified from all parents.
+
+--cc::
+
+	This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
+	patch output by omitting uninteresting hunks whose contents in
+	the parents have only two variants and the merge result picks
+	one of them without modification.
+
+-r::
+
+	Show recursive diffs.
+
+-t::
+
+	Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+Commit Limiting
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
+special notations explained in the description, additional commit
+limiting may be applied.
+
+--
+
+-n 'number'::
+--max-count=<number>::
+
+	Limit the number of commits output.
+
+--skip=<number>::
+
+	Skip 'number' commits before starting to show the commit output.
+
+--since=<date>::
+--after=<date>::
+
+	Show commits more recent than a specific date.
+
+--until=<date>::
+--before=<date>::
+
+	Show commits older than a specific date.
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--max-age=<timestamp>::
+--min-age=<timestamp>::
+
+	Limit the commits output to specified time range.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--author=<pattern>::
+--committer=<pattern>::
+
+	Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
+	header lines that match the specified pattern (regular expression).
+
+--grep=<pattern>::
+
+	Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
+	matches the specified pattern (regular expression).
+
+--all-match::
+	Limit the commits output to ones that match all given --grep,
+	--author and --committer instead of ones that match at least one.
+
+-i::
+--regexp-ignore-case::
+
+	Match the regexp limiting patterns without regard to letters case.
+
+-E::
+--extended-regexp::
+
+	Consider the limiting patterns to be extended regular expressions
+	instead of the default basic regular expressions.
+
+-F::
+--fixed-strings::
+
+	Consider the limiting patterns to be fixed strings (don't interpret
+	pattern as a regular expression).
+
+--remove-empty::
+
+	Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
+
+--merges::
+
+	Print only merge commits.
+
+--no-merges::
+
+	Do not print commits with more than one parent.
+
+--first-parent::
+	Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge
+	commit.  This option can give a better overview when
+	viewing the evolution of a particular topic branch,
+	because merges into a topic branch tend to be only about
+	adjusting to updated upstream from time to time, and
+	this option allows you to ignore the individual commits
+	brought in to your history by such a merge.
+
+--not::
+
+	Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
+	for all following revision specifiers, up to the next '--not'.
+
+--all::
+
+	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/` are listed on the
+	command line as '<commit>'.
+
+--branches::
+
+	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` are listed
+	on the command line as '<commit>'.
+
+--tags::
+
+	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are listed
+	on the command line as '<commit>'.
+
+--remotes::
+
+	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes` are listed
+	on the command line as '<commit>'.
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--stdin::
+
+	In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
+	line, read them from the standard input.
+
+--quiet::
+
+	Don't print anything to standard output.  This form
+	is primarily meant to allow the caller to
+	test the exit status to see if a range of objects is fully
+	connected (or not).  It is faster than redirecting stdout
+	to /dev/null as the output does not have to be formatted.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--cherry-pick::
+
+	Omit any commit that introduces the same change as
+	another commit on the "other side" when the set of
+	commits are limited with symmetric difference.
++
+For example, if you have two branches, `A` and `B`, a usual way
+to list all commits on only one side of them is with
+`--left-right`, like the example above in the description of
+that option.  It however shows the commits that were cherry-picked
+from the other branch (for example, "3rd on b" may be cherry-picked
+from branch A).  With this option, such pairs of commits are
+excluded from the output.
+
+-g::
+--walk-reflogs::
+
+	Instead of walking the commit ancestry chain, walk
+	reflog entries from the most recent one to older ones.
+	When this option is used you cannot specify commits to
+	exclude (that is, '{caret}commit', 'commit1..commit2',
+	nor 'commit1...commit2' notations cannot be used).
++
+With '\--pretty' format other than oneline (for obvious reasons),
+this causes the output to have two extra lines of information
+taken from the reflog.  By default, 'commit@\{Nth}' notation is
+used in the output.  When the starting commit is specified as
+'commit@\{now}', output also uses 'commit@\{timestamp}' notation
+instead.  Under '\--pretty=oneline', the commit message is
+prefixed with this information on the same line.
+This option cannot be combined with '\--reverse'.
+See also linkgit:git-reflog[1].
+
+--merge::
+
+	After a failed merge, show refs that touch files having a
+	conflict and don't exist on all heads to merge.
+
+--boundary::
+
+	Output uninteresting commits at the boundary, which are usually
+	not shown.
+
+--
+
+History Simplification
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sometimes you are only interested in parts of the history, for example the
+commits modifying a particular <path>. But there are two parts of
+'History Simplification', one part is selecting the commits and the other
+is how to do it, as there are various strategies to simplify the history.
+
+The following options select the commits to be shown:
+
+<paths>::
+
+	Commits modifying the given <paths> are selected.
+
+--simplify-by-decoration::
+
+	Commits that are referred by some branch or tag are selected.
+
+Note that extra commits can be shown to give a meaningful history.
+
+The following options affect the way the simplification is performed:
+
+Default mode::
+
+	Simplifies the history to the simplest history explaining the
+	final state of the tree. Simplest because it prunes some side
+	branches if the end result is the same (i.e. merging branches
+	with the same content)
+
+--full-history::
+
+	As the default mode but does not prune some history.
+
+--dense::
+
+	Only the selected commits are shown, plus some to have a
+	meaningful history.
+
+--sparse::
+
+	All commits in the simplified history are shown.
+
+--simplify-merges::
+
+	Additional option to '--full-history' to remove some needless
+	merges from the resulting history, as there are no selected
+	commits contributing to this merge.
+
+A more detailed explanation follows.
+
+Suppose you specified `foo` as the <paths>.  We shall call commits
+that modify `foo` !TREESAME, and the rest TREESAME.  (In a diff
+filtered for `foo`, they look different and equal, respectively.)
+
+In the following, we will always refer to the same example history to
+illustrate the differences between simplification settings.  We assume
+that you are filtering for a file `foo` in this commit graph:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	  .-A---M---N---O---P
+	 /     /   /   /   /
+	I     B   C   D   E
+	 \   /   /   /   /
+	  `-------------'
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+The horizontal line of history A--P is taken to be the first parent of
+each merge.  The commits are:
+
+* `I` is the initial commit, in which `foo` exists with contents
+  "asdf", and a file `quux` exists with contents "quux".  Initial
+  commits are compared to an empty tree, so `I` is !TREESAME.
+
+* In `A`, `foo` contains just "foo".
+
+* `B` contains the same change as `A`.  Its merge `M` is trivial and
+  hence TREESAME to all parents.
+
+* `C` does not change `foo`, but its merge `N` changes it to "foobar",
+  so it is not TREESAME to any parent.
+
+* `D` sets `foo` to "baz".  Its merge `O` combines the strings from
+  `N` and `D` to "foobarbaz"; i.e., it is not TREESAME to any parent.
+
+* `E` changes `quux` to "xyzzy", and its merge `P` combines the
+  strings to "quux xyzzy".  Despite appearing interesting, `P` is
+  TREESAME to all parents.
+
+'rev-list' walks backwards through history, including or excluding
+commits based on whether '\--full-history' and/or parent rewriting
+(via '\--parents' or '\--children') are used.  The following settings
+are available.
+
+Default mode::
+
+	Commits are included if they are not TREESAME to any parent
+	(though this can be changed, see '\--sparse' below).  If the
+	commit was a merge, and it was TREESAME to one parent, follow
+	only that parent.  (Even if there are several TREESAME
+	parents, follow only one of them.)  Otherwise, follow all
+	parents.
++
+This results in:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	  .-A---N---O
+	 /         /
+	I---------D
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+Note how the rule to only follow the TREESAME parent, if one is
+available, removed `B` from consideration entirely.  `C` was
+considered via `N`, but is TREESAME.  Root commits are compared to an
+empty tree, so `I` is !TREESAME.
++
+Parent/child relations are only visible with --parents, but that does
+not affect the commits selected in default mode, so we have shown the
+parent lines.
+
+--full-history without parent rewriting::
+
+	This mode differs from the default in one point: always follow
+	all parents of a merge, even if it is TREESAME to one of them.
+	Even if more than one side of the merge has commits that are
+	included, this does not imply that the merge itself is!  In
+	the example, we get
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	I  A  B  N  D  O
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+`P` and `M` were excluded because they are TREESAME to a parent.  `E`,
+`C` and `B` were all walked, but only `B` was !TREESAME, so the others
+do not appear.
++
+Note that without parent rewriting, it is not really possible to talk
+about the parent/child relationships between the commits, so we show
+them disconnected.
+
+--full-history with parent rewriting::
+
+	Ordinary commits are only included if they are !TREESAME
+	(though this can be changed, see '\--sparse' below).
++
+Merges are always included.  However, their parent list is rewritten:
+Along each parent, prune away commits that are not included
+themselves.  This results in
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	  .-A---M---N---O---P
+	 /     /   /   /   /
+	I     B   /   D   /
+	 \   /   /   /   /
+	  `-------------'
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+Compare to '\--full-history' without rewriting above.  Note that `E`
+was pruned away because it is TREESAME, but the parent list of P was
+rewritten to contain `E`'s parent `I`.  The same happened for `C` and
+`N`.  Note also that `P` was included despite being TREESAME.
+
+In addition to the above settings, you can change whether TREESAME
+affects inclusion:
+
+--dense::
+
+	Commits that are walked are included if they are not TREESAME
+	to any parent.
+
+--sparse::
+
+	All commits that are walked are included.
++
+Note that without '\--full-history', this still simplifies merges: if
+one of the parents is TREESAME, we follow only that one, so the other
+sides of the merge are never walked.
+
+Finally, there is a fourth simplification mode available:
+
+--simplify-merges::
+
+	First, build a history graph in the same way that
+	'\--full-history' with parent rewriting does (see above).
++
+Then simplify each commit `C` to its replacement `C'` in the final
+history according to the following rules:
++
+--
+* Set `C'` to `C`.
++
+* Replace each parent `P` of `C'` with its simplification `P'`.  In
+  the process, drop parents that are ancestors of other parents, and
+  remove duplicates.
++
+* If after this parent rewriting, `C'` is a root or merge commit (has
+  zero or >1 parents), a boundary commit, or !TREESAME, it remains.
+  Otherwise, it is replaced with its only parent.
+--
++
+The effect of this is best shown by way of comparing to
+'\--full-history' with parent rewriting.  The example turns into:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	  .-A---M---N---O
+	 /     /       /
+	I     B       D
+	 \   /       /
+	  `---------'
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+Note the major differences in `N` and `P` over '\--full-history':
++
+--
+* `N`'s parent list had `I` removed, because it is an ancestor of the
+  other parent `M`.  Still, `N` remained because it is !TREESAME.
++
+* `P`'s parent list similarly had `I` removed.  `P` was then
+  removed completely, because it had one parent and is TREESAME.
+--
+
+The '\--simplify-by-decoration' option allows you to view only the
+big picture of the topology of the history, by omitting commits
+that are not referenced by tags.  Commits are marked as !TREESAME
+(in other words, kept after history simplification rules described
+above) if (1) they are referenced by tags, or (2) they change the
+contents of the paths given on the command line.  All other
+commits are marked as TREESAME (subject to be simplified away).
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+Bisection Helpers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+--bisect::
+
+Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway between
+the included and excluded commits. Thus, if
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	$ git rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+outputs 'midpoint', the output of the two commands
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	$ git rev-list foo ^midpoint
+	$ git rev-list midpoint ^bar ^baz
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+would be of roughly the same length.  Finding the change which
+introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
+generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain is of length
+one.
+
+--bisect-vars::
+
+This calculates the same as `--bisect`, but outputs text ready
+to be eval'ed by the shell. These lines will assign the name of
+the midpoint revision to the variable `bisect_rev`, and the
+expected number of commits to be tested after `bisect_rev` is
+tested to `bisect_nr`, the expected number of commits to be
+tested if `bisect_rev` turns out to be good to `bisect_good`,
+the expected number of commits to be tested if `bisect_rev`
+turns out to be bad to `bisect_bad`, and the number of commits
+we are bisecting right now to `bisect_all`.
+
+--bisect-all::
+
+This outputs all the commit objects between the included and excluded
+commits, ordered by their distance to the included and excluded
+commits. The farthest from them is displayed first. (This is the only
+one displayed by `--bisect`.)
++
+This is useful because it makes it easy to choose a good commit to
+test when you want to avoid to test some of them for some reason (they
+may not compile for example).
++
+This option can be used along with `--bisect-vars`, in this case,
+after all the sorted commit objects, there will be the same text as if
+`--bisect-vars` had been used alone.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+
+Commit Ordering
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.
+
+--topo-order::
+
+	This option makes them appear in topological order (i.e.
+	descendant commits are shown before their parents).
+
+--date-order::
+
+	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
+	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise things
+	are still ordered in the commit timestamp order.
+
+--reverse::
+
+	Output the commits in reverse order.
+	Cannot be combined with '\--walk-reflogs'.
+
+Object Traversal
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+These options are mostly targeted for packing of git repositories.
+
+--objects::
+
+	Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed
+	commits.  '--objects foo ^bar' thus means "send me
+	all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
+	object 'bar', but not 'foo'".
+
+--objects-edge::
+
+	Similar to '--objects', but also print the IDs of excluded
+	commits prefixed with a "-" character.  This is used by
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] to build "thin" pack, which records
+	objects in deltified form based on objects contained in these
+	excluded commits to reduce network traffic.
+
+--unpacked::
+
+	Only useful with '--objects'; print the object IDs that are not
+	in packs.
+
+--no-walk::
+
+	Only show the given revs, but do not traverse their ancestors.
+
+--do-walk::
+
+	Overrides a previous --no-walk.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/.gitignore b/Documentation/technical/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8aa891daee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+api-index.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43dbe09f73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+allocation growing API
+======================
+
+Dynamically growing an array using realloc() is error prone and boring.
+
+Define your array with:
+
+* a pointer (`ary`) that points at the array, initialized to `NULL`;
+
+* an integer variable (`alloc`) that keeps track of how big the current
+  allocation is, initialized to `0`;
+
+* another integer variable (`nr`) to keep track of how many elements the
+  array currently has, initialized to `0`.
+
+Then before adding `n`th element to the array, call `ALLOC_GROW(ary, n,
+alloc)`.  This ensures that the array can hold at least `n` elements by
+calling `realloc(3)` and adjusting `alloc` variable.
+
+------------
+sometype *ary;
+size_t nr;
+size_t alloc
+
+for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+	if (we like ary[i] already)
+		return;
+
+/* we did not like any existing one, so add one */
+ALLOC_GROW(ary, nr + 1, alloc);
+ary[nr++] = value you like;
+------------
+
+You are responsible for updating the `nr` variable.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cb2b0590a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+builtin API
+===========
+
+Adding a new built-in
+---------------------
+
+There are 4 things to do to add a built-in command implementation to
+git:
+
+. Define the implementation of the built-in command `foo` with
+  signature:
+
+	int cmd_foo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+
+. Add the external declaration for the function to `builtin.h`.
+
+. Add the command to `commands[]` table in `handle_internal_command()`,
+  defined in `git.c`.  The entry should look like:
+
+	{ "foo", cmd_foo, <options> },
++
+where options is the bitwise-or of:
+
+`RUN_SETUP`::
+
+	Make sure there is a git directory to work on, and if there is a
+	work tree, chdir to the top of it if the command was invoked
+	in a subdirectory.  If there is no work tree, no chdir() is
+	done.
+
+`USE_PAGER`::
+
+	If the standard output is connected to a tty, spawn a pager and
+	feed our output to it.
+
+`NEED_WORK_TREE`::
+
+	Make sure there is a work tree, i.e. the command cannot act
+	on bare repositories.
+	This only makes sense when `RUN_SETUP` is also set.
+
+. Add `builtin-foo.o` to `BUILTIN_OBJS` in `Makefile`.
+
+Additionally, if `foo` is a new command, there are 3 more things to do:
+
+. Add tests to `t/` directory.
+
+. Write documentation in `Documentation/git-foo.txt`.
+
+. Add an entry for `git-foo` to `command-list.txt`.
+
+
+How a built-in is called
+------------------------
+
+The implementation `cmd_foo()` takes three parameters, `argc`, `argv,
+and `prefix`.  The first two are similar to what `main()` of a
+standalone command would be called with.
+
+When `RUN_SETUP` is specified in the `commands[]` table, and when you
+were started from a subdirectory of the work tree, `cmd_foo()` is called
+after chdir(2) to the top of the work tree, and `prefix` gets the path
+to the subdirectory the command started from.  This allows you to
+convert a user-supplied pathname (typically relative to that directory)
+to a pathname relative to the top of the work tree.
+
+The return value from `cmd_foo()` becomes the exit status of the
+command.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d52a6ce14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+decorate API
+============
+
+Talk about <decorate.h>
+
+(Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20b0241d30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+diff API
+========
+
+The diff API is for programs that compare two sets of files (e.g. two
+trees, one tree and the index) and present the found difference in
+various ways.  The calling program is responsible for feeding the API
+pairs of files, one from the "old" set and the corresponding one from
+"new" set, that are different.  The library called through this API is
+called diffcore, and is responsible for two things.
+
+* finding total rewrites (`-B`), renames (`-M`) and copies (`-C`), and
+  changes that touch a string (`-S`), as specified by the caller.
+
+* outputting the differences in various formats, as specified by the
+  caller.
+
+Calling sequence
+----------------
+
+* Prepare `struct diff_options` to record the set of diff options, and
+  then call `diff_setup()` to initialize this structure.  This sets up
+  the vanilla default.
+
+* Fill in the options structure to specify desired output format, rename
+  detection, etc.  `diff_opt_parse()` can be used to parse options given
+  from the command line in a way consistent with existing git-diff
+  family of programs.
+
+* Call `diff_setup_done()`; this inspects the options set up so far for
+  internal consistency and make necessary tweaking to it (e.g. if
+  textual patch output was asked, recursive behaviour is turned on).
+
+* As you find different pairs of files, call `diff_change()` to feed
+  modified files, `diff_addremove()` to feed created or deleted files,
+  or `diff_unmerged()` to feed a file whose state is 'unmerged' to the
+  API.  These are thin wrappers to a lower-level `diff_queue()` function
+  that is flexible enough to record any of these kinds of changes.
+
+* Once you finish feeding the pairs of files, call `diffcore_std()`.
+  This will tell the diffcore library to go ahead and do its work.
+
+* Calling `diff_flush()` will produce the output.
+
+
+Data structures
+---------------
+
+* `struct diff_filespec`
+
+This is the internal representation for a single file (blob).  It
+records the blob object name (if known -- for a work tree file it
+typically is a NUL SHA-1), filemode and pathname.  This is what the
+`diff_addremove()`, `diff_change()` and `diff_unmerged()` synthesize and
+feed `diff_queue()` function with.
+
+* `struct diff_filepair`
+
+This records a pair of `struct diff_filespec`; the filespec for a file
+in the "old" set (i.e. preimage) is called `one`, and the filespec for a
+file in the "new" set (i.e. postimage) is called `two`.  A change that
+represents file creation has NULL in `one`, and file deletion has NULL
+in `two`.
+
+A `filepair` starts pointing at `one` and `two` that are from the same
+filename, but `diffcore_std()` can break pairs and match component
+filespecs with other filespecs from a different filepair to form new
+filepair.  This is called 'rename detection'.
+
+* `struct diff_queue`
+
+This is a collection of filepairs.  Notable members are:
+
+`queue`::
+
+	An array of pointers to `struct diff_filepair`.  This
+	dynamically grows as you add filepairs;
+
+`alloc`::
+
+	The allocated size of the `queue` array;
+
+`nr`::
+
+	The number of elements in the `queue` array.
+
+
+* `struct diff_options`
+
+This describes the set of options the calling program wants to affect
+the operation of diffcore library with.
+
+Notable members are:
+
+`output_format`::
+	The output format used when `diff_flush()` is run.
+
+`context`::
+	Number of context lines to generate in patch output.
+
+`break_opt`, `detect_rename`, `rename-score`, `rename_limit`::
+	Affects the way detection logic for complete rewrites, renames
+	and copies.
+
+`abbrev`::
+	Number of hexdigits to abbreviate raw format output to.
+
+`pickaxe`::
+	A constant string (can and typically does contain newlines to
+	look for a block of text, not just a single line) to filter out
+	the filepairs that do not change the number of strings contained
+	in its preimage and postimage of the diff_queue.
+
+`flags`::
+	This is mostly a collection of boolean options that affects the
+	operation, but some do not have anything to do with the diffcore
+	library.
+
+BINARY, TEXT;;
+	Affects the way how a file that is seemingly binary is treated.
+
+FULL_INDEX;;
+	Tells the patch output format not to use abbreviated object
+	names on the "index" lines.
+
+FIND_COPIES_HARDER;;
+	Tells the diffcore library that the caller is feeding unchanged
+	filepairs to allow copies from unmodified files be detected.
+
+COLOR_DIFF;;
+	Output should be colored.
+
+COLOR_DIFF_WORDS;;
+	Output is a colored word-diff.
+
+NO_INDEX;;
+	Tells diff-files that the input is not tracked files but files
+	in random locations on the filesystem.
+
+ALLOW_EXTERNAL;;
+	Tells output routine that it is Ok to call user specified patch
+	output routine.  Plumbing disables this to ensure stable output.
+
+QUIET;;
+	Do not show any output.
+
+REVERSE_DIFF;;
+	Tells the library that the calling program is feeding the
+	filepairs reversed; `one` is two, and `two` is one.
+
+EXIT_WITH_STATUS;;
+	For communication between the calling program and the options
+	parser; tell the calling program to signal the presence of
+	difference using program exit code.
+
+HAS_CHANGES;;
+	Internal; used for optimization to see if there is any change.
+
+SILENT_ON_REMOVE;;
+	Affects if diff-files shows removed files.
+
+RECURSIVE, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE;;
+	Tells if tree traversal done by tree-diff should recursively
+	descend into a tree object pair that are different in preimage
+	and postimage set.
+
+(JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bbd18f020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+directory listing API
+=====================
+
+The directory listing API is used to enumerate paths in the work tree,
+optionally taking `.git/info/exclude` and `.gitignore` files per
+directory into account.
+
+Data structure
+--------------
+
+`struct dir_struct` structure is used to pass directory traversal
+options to the library and to record the paths discovered.  The notable
+options are:
+
+`exclude_per_dir`::
+
+	The name of the file to be read in each directory for excluded
+	files (typically `.gitignore`).
+
+`collect_ignored`::
+
+	Include paths that are to be excluded in the result.
+
+`show_ignored`::
+
+	The traversal is for finding just ignored files, not unignored
+	files.
+
+`show_other_directories`::
+
+	Include a directory that is not tracked.
+
+`hide_empty_directories`::
+
+	Do not include a directory that is not tracked and is empty.
+
+`no_gitlinks`::
+
+	If set, recurse into a directory that looks like a git
+	directory.  Otherwise it is shown as a directory.
+
+The result of the enumeration is left in these fields::
+
+`entries[]`::
+
+	An array of `struct dir_entry`, each element of which describes
+	a path.
+
+`nr`::
+
+	The number of members in `entries[]` array.
+
+`alloc`::
+
+	Internal use; keeps track of allocation of `entries[]` array.
+
+
+Calling sequence
+----------------
+
+* Prepare `struct dir_struct dir` and clear it with `memset(&dir, 0,
+  sizeof(dir))`.
+
+* Call `add_exclude()` to add single exclude pattern,
+  `add_excludes_from_file()` to add patterns from a file
+  (e.g. `.git/info/exclude`), and/or set `dir.exclude_per_dir`.  A
+  short-hand function `setup_standard_excludes()` can be used to set up
+  the standard set of exclude settings.
+
+* Set options described in the Data Structure section above.
+
+* Call `read_directory()`.
+
+* Use `dir.entries[]`.
+
+(JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d97eaa9de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+gitattributes API
+=================
+
+gitattributes mechanism gives a uniform way to associate various
+attributes to set of paths.
+
+
+Data Structure
+--------------
+
+`struct git_attr`::
+
+	An attribute is an opaque object that is identified by its name.
+	Pass the name and its length to `git_attr()` function to obtain
+	the object of this type.  The internal representation of this
+	structure is of no interest to the calling programs.
+
+`struct git_attr_check`::
+
+	This structure represents a set of attributes to check in a call
+	to `git_checkattr()` function, and receives the results.
+
+
+Calling Sequence
+----------------
+
+* Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` to define the list of
+  attributes you would want to check.  To populate this array, you would
+  need to define necessary attributes by calling `git_attr()` function.
+
+* Call git_checkattr() to check the attributes for the path.
+
+* Inspect `git_attr_check` structure to see how each of the attribute in
+  the array is defined for the path.
+
+
+Attribute Values
+----------------
+
+An attribute for a path can be in one of four states: Set, Unset,
+Unspecified or set to a string, and `.value` member of `struct
+git_attr_check` records it.  There are three macros to check these:
+
+`ATTR_TRUE()`::
+
+	Returns true if the attribute is Set for the path.
+
+`ATTR_FALSE()`::
+
+	Returns true if the attribute is Unset for the path.
+
+`ATTR_UNSET()`::
+
+	Returns true if the attribute is Unspecified for the path.
+
+If none of the above returns true, `.value` member points at a string
+value of the attribute for the path.
+
+
+Example
+-------
+
+To see how attributes "crlf" and "indent" are set for different paths.
+
+. Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` with two elements (because
+  we are checking two attributes).  Initialize their `attr` member with
+  pointers to `struct git_attr` obtained by calling `git_attr()`:
+
+------------
+static struct git_attr_check check[2];
+static void setup_check(void)
+{
+	if (check[0].attr)
+		return; /* already done */
+	check[0].attr = git_attr("crlf", 4);
+	check[1].attr = git_attr("ident", 5);
+}
+------------
+
+. Call `git_checkattr()` with the prepared array of `struct git_attr_check`:
+
+------------
+	const char *path;
+
+	setup_check();
+	git_checkattr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check);
+------------
+
+. Act on `.value` member of the result, left in `check[]`:
+
+------------
+	const char *value = check[0].value;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
+		The attribute is Set, by listing only the name of the
+		attribute in the gitattributes file for the path.
+	} else if (ATTR_FALSE(value)) {
+		The attribute is Unset, by listing the name of the
+		attribute prefixed with a dash - for the path.
+	} else if (ATTR_UNSET(value)) {
+		The attribute is not set nor unset for the path.
+	} else if (!strcmp(value, "input")) {
+		If none of ATTR_TRUE(), ATTR_FALSE(), or ATTR_UNSET() is
+		true, the value is a string set in the gitattributes
+		file for the path by saying "attr=value".
+	} else if (... other check using value as string ...) {
+		...
+	}
+------------
+
+(JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a69cc8964d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+grep API
+========
+
+Talk about <grep.h>, things like:
+
+* grep_buffer()
+
+(JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c784d3edcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+hash API
+========
+
+Talk about <hash.h>
+
+(Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d66e61b1ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+history graph API
+=================
+
+The graph API is used to draw a text-based representation of the commit
+history.  The API generates the graph in a line-by-line fashion.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+Core functions:
+
+* `graph_init()` creates a new `struct git_graph`
+
+* `graph_release()` destroys a `struct git_graph`, and frees the memory
+  associated with it.
+
+* `graph_update()` moves the graph to a new commit.
+
+* `graph_next_line()` outputs the next line of the graph into a strbuf.  It
+  does not add a terminating newline.
+
+* `graph_padding_line()` outputs a line of vertical padding in the graph.  It
+  is similar to `graph_next_line()`, but is guaranteed to never print the line
+  containing the current commit.  Where `graph_next_line()` would print the
+  commit line next, `graph_padding_line()` prints a line that simply extends
+  all branch lines downwards one row, leaving their positions unchanged.
+
+* `graph_is_commit_finished()` determines if the graph has output all lines
+  necessary for the current commit.  If `graph_update()` is called before all
+  lines for the current commit have been printed, the next call to
+  `graph_next_line()` will output an ellipsis, to indicate that a portion of
+  the graph was omitted.
+
+The following utility functions are wrappers around `graph_next_line()` and
+`graph_is_commit_finished()`.  They always print the output to stdout.
+They can all be called with a NULL graph argument, in which case no graph
+output will be printed.
+
+* `graph_show_commit()` calls `graph_next_line()` until it returns non-zero.
+  This prints all graph lines up to, and including, the line containing this
+  commit.  Output is printed to stdout.  The last line printed does not contain
+  a terminating newline.  This should not be called if the commit line has
+  already been printed, or it will loop forever.
+
+* `graph_show_oneline()` calls `graph_next_line()` and prints the result to
+  stdout.  The line printed does not contain a terminating newline.
+
+* `graph_show_padding()` calls `graph_padding_line()` and prints the result to
+  stdout.  The line printed does not contain a terminating newline.
+
+* `graph_show_remainder()` calls `graph_next_line()` until
+  `graph_is_commit_finished()` returns non-zero.  Output is printed to stdout.
+  The last line printed does not contain a terminating newline.  Returns 1 if
+  output was printed, and 0 if no output was necessary.
+
+* `graph_show_strbuf()` prints the specified strbuf to stdout, prefixing all
+  lines but the first with a graph line.  The caller is responsible for
+  ensuring graph output for the first line has already been printed to stdout.
+  (This can be done with `graph_show_commit()` or `graph_show_oneline()`.)  If
+  a NULL graph is supplied, the strbuf is printed as-is.
+
+* `graph_show_commit_msg()` is similar to `graph_show_strbuf()`, but it also
+  prints the remainder of the graph, if more lines are needed after the strbuf
+  ends.  It is better than directly calling `graph_show_strbuf()` followed by
+  `graph_show_remainder()` since it properly handles buffers that do not end in
+  a terminating newline.  The output printed by `graph_show_commit_msg()` will
+  end in a newline if and only if the strbuf ends in a newline.
+
+Data structure
+--------------
+`struct git_graph` is an opaque data type used to store the current graph
+state.
+
+Calling sequence
+----------------
+
+* Create a `struct git_graph` by calling `graph_init()`.  When using the
+  revision walking API, this is done automatically by `setup_revisions()` if
+  the '--graph' option is supplied.
+
+* Use the revision walking API to walk through a group of contiguous commits.
+  The `get_revision()` function automatically calls `graph_update()` each time
+  it is invoked.
+
+* For each commit, call `graph_next_line()` repeatedly, until
+  `graph_is_commit_finished()` returns non-zero.  Each call go
+  `graph_next_line()` will output a single line of the graph.  The resulting
+  lines will not contain any newlines.  `graph_next_line()` returns 1 if the
+  resulting line contains the current commit, or 0 if this is merely a line
+  needed to adjust the graph before or after the current commit.  This return
+  value can be used to determine where to print the commit summary information
+  alongside the graph output.
+
+Limitations
+-----------
+
+* `graph_update()` must be called with commits in topological order.  It should
+  not be called on a commit if it has already been invoked with an ancestor of
+  that commit, or the graph output will be incorrect.
+
+* `graph_update()` must be called on a contiguous group of commits.  If
+  `graph_update()` is called on a particular commit, it should later be called
+  on all parents of that commit.  Parents must not be skipped, or the graph
+  output will appear incorrect.
++
+`graph_update()` may be used on a pruned set of commits only if the parent list
+has been rewritten so as to include only ancestors from the pruned set.
+
+* The graph API does not currently support reverse commit ordering.  In
+  order to implement reverse ordering, the graphing API needs an
+  (efficient) mechanism to find the children of a commit.
+
+Sample usage
+------------
+
+------------
+struct commit *commit;
+struct git_graph *graph = graph_init(opts);
+
+while ((commit = get_revision(opts)) != NULL) {
+	graph_update(graph, commit);
+	while (!graph_is_commit_finished(graph))
+	{
+		struct strbuf sb;
+		int is_commit_line;
+
+		strbuf_init(&sb, 0);
+		is_commit_line = graph_next_line(graph, &sb);
+		fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
+
+		if (is_commit_line)
+			log_tree_commit(opts, commit);
+		else
+			putchar(opts->diffopt.line_termination);
+	}
+}
+
+graph_release(graph);
+------------
+
+Sample output
+-------------
+
+The following is an example of the output from the graph API.  This output does
+not include any commit summary information--callers are responsible for
+outputting that information, if desired.
+
+------------
+*
+*
+*
+|\
+* |
+| | *
+| \ \
+|  \ \
+*-. \ \
+|\ \ \ \
+| | * | |
+| | | | | *
+| | | | | *
+| | | | | *
+| | | | | |\
+| | | | | | *
+| * | | | | |
+| | | | | *  \
+| | | | | |\  |
+| | | | * | | |
+| | | | * | | |
+* | | | | | | |
+| |/ / / / / /
+|/| / / / / /
+* | | | | | |
+|/ / / / / /
+* | | | | |
+| | | | | *
+| | | | |/
+| | | | *
+------------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adbdbf5d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+in-core index API
+=================
+
+Talk about <read-cache.c> and <cache-tree.c>, things like:
+
+* cache -> the_index macros
+* read_index()
+* write_index()
+* ie_match_stat() and ie_modified(); how they are different and when to
+  use which.
+* index_name_pos()
+* remove_index_entry_at()
+* remove_file_from_index()
+* add_file_to_index()
+* add_index_entry()
+* refresh_index()
+* discard_index()
+* cache_tree_invalidate_path()
+* cache_tree_update()
+
+(JC, Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af7cc2e395
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+GIT API Documents
+=================
+
+GIT has grown a set of internal API over time.  This collection
+documents them.
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// table of contents begin
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// table of contents end
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+2007-11-24
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-index.sh b/Documentation/technical/api-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9c3f4131b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+(
+	c=////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+	skel=api-index-skel.txt
+	sed -e '/^\/\/ table of contents begin/q' "$skel"
+	echo "$c"
+
+	ls api-*.txt |
+	while read filename
+	do
+		case "$filename" in
+		api-index-skel.txt | api-index.txt) continue ;;
+		esac
+		title=$(sed -e 1q "$filename")
+		html=${filename%.txt}.html
+		echo "* link:$html[$title]"
+	done
+	echo "$c"
+	sed -n -e '/^\/\/ table of contents end/,$p' "$skel"
+) >api-index.txt+
+
+if test -f api-index.txt && cmp api-index.txt api-index.txt+ >/dev/null
+then
+	rm -f api-index.txt+
+else
+	mv api-index.txt+ api-index.txt
+fi
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd894043ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+lockfile API
+============
+
+The lockfile API serves two purposes:
+
+* Mutual exclusion.  When we write out a new index file, first
+  we create a new file `$GIT_DIR/index.lock`, write the new
+  contents into it, and rename it to the final destination
+  `$GIT_DIR/index`.  We try to create the `$GIT_DIR/index.lock`
+  file with O_EXCL so that we can notice and fail when somebody
+  else is already trying to update the index file.
+
+* Automatic cruft removal.  After we create the "lock" file, we
+  may decide to `die()`, and we would want to make sure that we
+  remove the file that has not been committed to its final
+  destination.  This is done by remembering the lockfiles we
+  created in a linked list and cleaning them up from an
+  `atexit(3)` handler.  Outstanding lockfiles are also removed
+  when the program dies on a signal.
+
+
+The functions
+-------------
+
+hold_lock_file_for_update::
+
+	Take a pointer to `struct lock_file`, the filename of
+	the final destination (e.g. `$GIT_DIR/index`) and a flag
+	`die_on_error`.  Attempt to create a lockfile for the
+	destination and return the file descriptor for writing
+	to the file.  If `die_on_error` flag is true, it dies if
+	a lock is already taken for the file; otherwise it
+	returns a negative integer to the caller on failure.
+
+commit_lock_file::
+
+	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized
+	with an earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update()`,
+	close the file descriptor and rename the lockfile to its
+	final destination.  Returns 0 upon success, a negative
+	value on failure to close(2) or rename(2).
+
+rollback_lock_file::
+
+	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized
+	with an earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update()`,
+	close the file descriptor and remove the lockfile.
+
+close_lock_file::
+	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized
+	with an earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update()`,
+	and close the file descriptor.  Returns 0 upon success,
+	a negative value on failure to close(2).
+
+Because the structure is used in an `atexit(3)` handler, its
+storage has to stay throughout the life of the program.  It
+cannot be an auto variable allocated on the stack.
+
+Call `commit_lock_file()` or `rollback_lock_file()` when you are
+done writing to the file descriptor.  If you do not call either
+and simply `exit(3)` from the program, an `atexit(3)` handler
+will close and remove the lockfile.
+
+If you need to close the file descriptor you obtained from
+`hold_lock_file_for_update` function yourself, do so by calling
+`close_lock_file()`.  You should never call `close(2)` yourself!
+Otherwise the `struct
+lock_file` structure still remembers that the file descriptor
+needs to be closed, and a later call to `commit_lock_file()` or
+`rollback_lock_file()` will result in duplicate calls to
+`close(2)`.  Worse yet, if you `close(2)`, open another file
+descriptor for completely different purpose, and then call
+`commit_lock_file()` or `rollback_lock_file()`, they may close
+that unrelated file descriptor.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03bb0e950d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+object access API
+=================
+
+Talk about <sha1_file.c> and <object.h> family, things like
+
+* read_sha1_file()
+* read_object_with_reference()
+* has_sha1_file()
+* write_sha1_file()
+* pretend_sha1_file()
+* lookup_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree}
+* parse_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree}
+* Use of object flags
+
+(JC, Shawn, Daniel, Dscho, Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50f9e9ac17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+parse-options API
+=================
+
+The parse-options API is used to parse and massage options in git
+and to provide a usage help with consistent look.
+
+Basics
+------
+
+The argument vector `argv[]` may usually contain mandatory or optional
+'non-option arguments', e.g. a filename or a branch, and 'options'.
+Options are optional arguments that start with a dash and
+that allow to change the behavior of a command.
+
+* There are basically three types of options:
+  'boolean' options,
+  options with (mandatory) 'arguments' and
+  options with 'optional arguments'
+  (i.e. a boolean option that can be adjusted).
+
+* There are basically two forms of options:
+  'Short options' consist of one dash (`-`) and one alphanumeric
+  character.
+  'Long options' begin with two dashes (`\--`) and some
+  alphanumeric characters.
+
+* Options are case-sensitive.
+  Please define 'lower-case long options' only.
+
+The parse-options API allows:
+
+* 'sticked' and 'separate form' of options with arguments.
+  `-oArg` is sticked, `-o Arg` is separate form.
+  `\--option=Arg` is sticked, `\--option Arg` is separate form.
+
+* Long options may be 'abbreviated', as long as the abbreviation
+  is unambiguous.
+
+* Short options may be bundled, e.g. `-a -b` can be specified as `-ab`.
+
+* Boolean long options can be 'negated' (or 'unset') by prepending
+  `no-`, e.g. `\--no-abbrev` instead of `\--abbrev`.
+
+* Options and non-option arguments can clearly be separated using the `\--`
+  option, e.g. `-a -b \--option \-- \--this-is-a-file` indicates that
+  `\--this-is-a-file` must not be processed as an option.
+
+Steps to parse options
+----------------------
+
+. `#include "parse-options.h"`
+
+. define a NULL-terminated
+  `static const char * const builtin_foo_usage[]` array
+  containing alternative usage strings
+
+. define `builtin_foo_options` array as described below
+  in section 'Data Structure'.
+
+. in `cmd_foo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)`
+  call
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_foo_options, builtin_foo_usage, flags);
++
+`parse_options()` will filter out the processed options of `argv[]` and leave the
+non-option arguments in `argv[]`.
+`argc` is updated appropriately because of the assignment.
++
+You can also pass NULL instead of a usage array as the fifth parameter of
+parse_options(), to avoid displaying a help screen with usage info and
+option list.  This should only be done if necessary, e.g. to implement
+a limited parser for only a subset of the options that needs to be run
+before the full parser, which in turn shows the full help message.
++
+Flags are the bitwise-or of:
+
+`PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH`::
+	Keep the `\--` that usually separates options from
+	non-option arguments.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION`::
+	Usually the whole argument vector is massaged and reordered.
+	Using this flag, processing is stopped at the first non-option
+	argument.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0`::
+	Keep the first argument, which contains the program name.  It's
+	removed from argv[] by default.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN`::
+	Keep unknown arguments instead of erroring out.  This doesn't
+	work for all combinations of arguments as users might expect
+	it to do.  E.g. if the first argument in `--unknown --known`
+	takes a value (which we can't know), the second one is
+	mistakenly interpreted as a known option.  Similarly, if
+	`PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION` is set, the second argument in
+	`--unknown value` will be mistakenly interpreted as a
+	non-option, not as a value belonging to the unknown option,
+	the parser early.  That's why parse_options() errors out if
+	both options are set.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP`::
+	By default, parse_options() handles `-h`, `--help` and
+	`--help-all` internally, by showing a help screen.  This option
+	turns it off and allows one to add custom handlers for these
+	options, or to just leave them unknown.
+
+Data Structure
+--------------
+
+The main data structure is an array of the `option` struct,
+say `static struct option builtin_add_options[]`.
+There are some macros to easily define options:
+
+`OPT__ABBREV(&int_var)`::
+	Add `\--abbrev[=<n>]`.
+
+`OPT__DRY_RUN(&int_var)`::
+	Add `-n, \--dry-run`.
+
+`OPT__QUIET(&int_var)`::
+	Add `-q, \--quiet`.
+
+`OPT__VERBOSE(&int_var)`::
+	Add `-v, \--verbose`.
+
+`OPT_GROUP(description)`::
+	Start an option group. `description` is a short string that
+	describes the group or an empty string.
+	Start the description with an upper-case letter.
+
+`OPT_BOOLEAN(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	`int_var` is incremented on each use.
+
+`OPT_BIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	If used, `int_var` is bitwise-ored with `mask`.
+
+`OPT_NEGBIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	If used, `int_var` is bitwise-anded with the inverted `mask`.
+
+`OPT_SET_INT(short, long, &int_var, description, integer)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	If used, set `int_var` to `integer`.
+
+`OPT_SET_PTR(short, long, &ptr_var, description, ptr)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	If used, set `ptr_var` to `ptr`.
+
+`OPT_STRING(short, long, &str_var, arg_str, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with string argument.
+	The string argument is put into `str_var`.
+
+`OPT_INTEGER(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with integer argument.
+	The integer is put into `int_var`.
+
+`OPT_DATE(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with date argument, see `approxidate()`.
+	The timestamp is put into `int_var`.
+
+`OPT_CALLBACK(short, long, &var, arg_str, description, func_ptr)`::
+	Introduce an option with argument.
+	The argument will be fed into the function given by `func_ptr`
+	and the result will be put into `var`.
+	See 'Option Callbacks' below for a more elaborate description.
+
+`OPT_FILENAME(short, long, &var, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with a filename argument.
+	The filename will be prefixed by passing the filename along with
+	the prefix argument of `parse_options()` to `prefix_filename()`.
+
+`OPT_ARGUMENT(long, description)`::
+	Introduce a long-option argument that will be kept in `argv[]`.
+
+`OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&var, description, func_ptr)`::
+	Recognize numerical options like -123 and feed the integer as
+	if it was an argument to the function given by `func_ptr`.
+	The result will be put into `var`.  There can be only one such
+	option definition.  It cannot be negated and it takes no
+	arguments.  Short options that happen to be digits take
+	precedence over it.
+
+
+The last element of the array must be `OPT_END()`.
+
+If not stated otherwise, interpret the arguments as follows:
+
+* `short` is a character for the short option
+  (e.g. `\'e\'` for `-e`, use `0` to omit),
+
+* `long` is a string for the long option
+  (e.g. `"example"` for `\--example`, use `NULL` to omit),
+
+* `int_var` is an integer variable,
+
+* `str_var` is a string variable (`char *`),
+
+* `arg_str` is the string that is shown as argument
+  (e.g. `"branch"` will result in `<branch>`).
+  If set to `NULL`, three dots (`...`) will be displayed.
+
+* `description` is a short string to describe the effect of the option.
+  It shall begin with a lower-case letter and a full stop (`.`) shall be
+  omitted at the end.
+
+Option Callbacks
+----------------
+
+The function must be defined in this form:
+
+	int func(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+
+The callback mechanism is as follows:
+
+* Inside `func`, the only interesting member of the structure
+  given by `opt` is the void pointer `opt->value`.
+  `\*opt->value` will be the value that is saved into `var`, if you
+  use `OPT_CALLBACK()`.
+  For example, do `*(unsigned long *)opt->value = 42;` to get 42
+  into an `unsigned long` variable.
+
+* Return value `0` indicates success and non-zero return
+  value will invoke `usage_with_options()` and, thus, die.
+
+* If the user negates the option, `arg` is `NULL` and `unset` is 1.
+
+Sophisticated option parsing
+----------------------------
+
+If you need, for example, option callbacks with optional arguments
+or without arguments at all, or if you need other special cases,
+that are not handled by the macros above, you need to specify the
+members of the `option` structure manually.
+
+This is not covered in this document, but well documented
+in `parse-options.h` itself.
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+See `test-parse-options.c` and
+`builtin-add.c`,
+`builtin-clone.c`,
+`builtin-commit.c`,
+`builtin-fetch.c`,
+`builtin-fsck.c`,
+`builtin-rm.c`
+for real-world examples.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8a1bce94e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+quote API
+=========
+
+Talk about <quote.h>, things like
+
+* sq_quote and unquote
+* c_style quote and unquote
+* quoting for foreign languages
+
+(JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c54b17db69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+Remotes configuration API
+=========================
+
+The API in remote.h gives access to the configuration related to
+remotes. It handles all three configuration mechanisms historically
+and currently used by git, and presents the information in a uniform
+fashion. Note that the code also handles plain URLs without any
+configuration, giving them just the default information.
+
+struct remote
+-------------
+
+`name`::
+
+	The user's nickname for the remote
+
+`url`::
+
+	An array of all of the url_nr URLs configured for the remote
+
+`pushurl`::
+
+	An array of all of the pushurl_nr push URLs configured for the remote
+
+`push`::
+
+	 An array of refspecs configured for pushing, with
+	 push_refspec being the literal strings, and push_refspec_nr
+	 being the quantity.
+
+`fetch`::
+
+	An array of refspecs configured for fetching, with
+	fetch_refspec being the literal strings, and fetch_refspec_nr
+	being the quantity.
+
+`fetch_tags`::
+
+	The setting for whether to fetch tags (as a separate rule from
+	the configured refspecs); -1 means never to fetch tags, 0
+	means to auto-follow tags based on the default heuristic, 1
+	means to always auto-follow tags, and 2 means to fetch all
+	tags.
+
+`receivepack`, `uploadpack`::
+
+	The configured helper programs to run on the remote side, for
+	git-native protocols.
+
+`http_proxy`::
+
+	The proxy to use for curl (http, https, ftp, etc.) URLs.
+
+struct remotes can be found by name with remote_get(), and iterated
+through with for_each_remote(). remote_get(NULL) will return the
+default remote, given the current branch and configuration.
+
+struct refspec
+--------------
+
+A struct refspec holds the parsed interpretation of a refspec. If it
+will force updates (starts with a '+'), force is true. If it is a
+pattern (sides end with '*') pattern is true. src and dest are the two
+sides (if a pattern, only the part outside of the wildcards); if there
+is only one side, it is src, and dst is NULL; if sides exist but are
+empty (i.e., the refspec either starts or ends with ':'), the
+corresponding side is "".
+
+This parsing can be done to an array of strings to give an array of
+struct refpsecs with parse_ref_spec().
+
+remote_find_tracking(), given a remote and a struct refspec with
+either src or dst filled out, will fill out the other such that the
+result is in the "fetch" specification for the remote (note that this
+evaluates patterns and returns a single result).
+
+struct branch
+-------------
+
+Note that this may end up moving to branch.h
+
+struct branch holds the configuration for a branch. It can be looked
+up with branch_get(name) for "refs/heads/{name}", or with
+branch_get(NULL) for HEAD.
+
+It contains:
+
+`name`::
+
+	The short name of the branch.
+
+`refname`::
+
+	The full path for the branch ref.
+
+`remote_name`::
+
+	The name of the remote listed in the configuration.
+
+`remote`::
+
+	The struct remote for that remote.
+
+`merge_name`::
+
+	An array of the "merge" lines in the configuration.
+
+`merge`::
+
+	An array of the struct refspecs used for the merge lines. That
+	is, merge[i]->dst is a local tracking ref which should be
+	merged into this branch by default.
+
+`merge_nr`::
+
+	The number of merge configurations
+
+branch_has_merge_config() returns true if the given branch has merge
+configuration given.
+
+Other stuff
+-----------
+
+There is other stuff in remote.h that is related, in general, to the
+process of interacting with remotes.
+
+(Daniel Barkalow)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..996da0503a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+revision walking API
+====================
+
+The revision walking API offers functions to build a list of revisions
+and then iterate over that list.
+
+Calling sequence
+----------------
+
+The walking API has a given calling sequence: first you need to
+initialize a rev_info structure, then add revisions to control what kind
+of revision list do you want to get, finally you can iterate over the
+revision list.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+`init_revisions`::
+
+	Initialize a rev_info structure with default values. The second
+	parameter may be NULL or can be prefix path, and then the `.prefix`
+	variable will be set to it. This is typically the first function you
+	want to call when you want to deal with a revision list. After calling
+	this function, you are free to customize options, like set
+	`.ignore_merges` to 0 if you don't want to ignore merges, and so on. See
+	`revision.h` for a complete list of available options.
+
+`add_pending_object`::
+
+	This function can be used if you want to add commit objects as revision
+	information. You can use the `UNINTERESTING` object flag to indicate if
+	you want to include or exclude the given commit (and commits reachable
+	from the given commit) from the revision list.
++
+NOTE: If you have the commits as a string list then you probably want to
+use setup_revisions(), instead of parsing each string and using this
+function.
+
+`setup_revisions`::
+
+	Parse revision information, filling in the `rev_info` structure, and
+	removing the used arguments from the argument list. Returns the number
+	of arguments left that weren't recognized, which are also moved to the
+	head of the argument list. The last parameter is used in case no
+	parameter given by the first two arguments.
+
+`prepare_revision_walk`::
+
+	Prepares the rev_info structure for a walk. You should check if it
+	returns any error (non-zero return code) and if it does not, you can
+	start using get_revision() to do the iteration.
+
+`get_revision`::
+
+	Takes a pointer to a `rev_info` structure and iterates over it,
+	returning a `struct commit *` each time you call it. The end of the
+	revision list is indicated by returning a NULL pointer.
+
+Data structures
+---------------
+
+Talk about <revision.h>, things like:
+
+* two diff_options, one for path limiting, another for output;
+* remaining functions;
+
+(Linus, JC, Dscho)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2efe7a40be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+run-command API
+===============
+
+The run-command API offers a versatile tool to run sub-processes with
+redirected input and output as well as with a modified environment
+and an alternate current directory.
+
+A similar API offers the capability to run a function asynchronously,
+which is primarily used to capture the output that the function
+produces in the caller in order to process it.
+
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+`start_command`::
+
+	Start a sub-process. Takes a pointer to a `struct child_process`
+	that specifies the details and returns pipe FDs (if requested).
+	See below for details.
+
+`finish_command`::
+
+	Wait for the completion of a sub-process that was started with
+	start_command().
+
+`run_command`::
+
+	A convenience function that encapsulates a sequence of
+	start_command() followed by finish_command(). Takes a pointer
+	to a `struct child_process` that specifies the details.
+
+`run_command_v_opt`, `run_command_v_opt_cd_env`::
+
+	Convenience functions that encapsulate a sequence of
+	start_command() followed by finish_command(). The argument argv
+	specifies the program and its arguments. The argument opt is zero
+	or more of the flags `RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN`, `RUN_GIT_CMD`, or
+	`RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR` that correspond to the members
+	.no_stdin, .git_cmd, .stdout_to_stderr of `struct child_process`.
+	The argument dir corresponds the member .dir. The argument env
+	corresponds to the member .env.
+
+`start_async`::
+
+	Run a function asynchronously. Takes a pointer to a `struct
+	async` that specifies the details and returns a pipe FD
+	from which the caller reads. See below for details.
+
+`finish_async`::
+
+	Wait for the completion of an asynchronous function that was
+	started with start_async().
+
+`run_hook`::
+
+	Run a hook.
+	The first argument is a pathname to an index file, or NULL
+	if the hook uses the default index file or no index is needed.
+	The second argument is the name of the hook.
+	The further arguments correspond to the hook arguments.
+	The last argument has to be NULL to terminate the arguments list.
+	If the hook does not exist or is not executable, the return
+	value will be zero.
+	If it is executable, the hook will be executed and the exit
+	status of the hook is returned.
+	On execution, .stdout_to_stderr and .no_stdin will be set.
+	(See below.)
+
+
+Data structures
+---------------
+
+* `struct child_process`
+
+This describes the arguments, redirections, and environment of a
+command to run in a sub-process.
+
+The caller:
+
+1. allocates and clears (memset(&chld, 0, sizeof(chld));) a
+   struct child_process variable;
+2. initializes the members;
+3. calls start_command();
+4. processes the data;
+5. closes file descriptors (if necessary; see below);
+6. calls finish_command().
+
+The .argv member is set up as an array of string pointers (NULL
+terminated), of which .argv[0] is the program name to run (usually
+without a path). If the command to run is a git command, set argv[0] to
+the command name without the 'git-' prefix and set .git_cmd = 1.
+
+The members .in, .out, .err are used to redirect stdin, stdout,
+stderr as follows:
+
+. Specify 0 to request no special redirection. No new file descriptor
+  is allocated. The child process simply inherits the channel from the
+  parent.
+
+. Specify -1 to have a pipe allocated; start_command() replaces -1
+  by the pipe FD in the following way:
+
+	.in: Returns the writable pipe end into which the caller writes;
+		the readable end of the pipe becomes the child's stdin.
+
+	.out, .err: Returns the readable pipe end from which the caller
+		reads; the writable end of the pipe end becomes child's
+		stdout/stderr.
+
+  The caller of start_command() must close the so returned FDs
+  after it has completed reading from/writing to it!
+
+. Specify a file descriptor > 0 to be used by the child:
+
+	.in: The FD must be readable; it becomes child's stdin.
+	.out: The FD must be writable; it becomes child's stdout.
+	.err > 0 is not supported.
+
+  The specified FD is closed by start_command(), even if it fails to
+  run the sub-process!
+
+. Special forms of redirection are available by setting these members
+  to 1:
+
+	.no_stdin, .no_stdout, .no_stderr: The respective channel is
+		redirected to /dev/null.
+
+	.stdout_to_stderr: stdout of the child is redirected to its
+		stderr. This happens after stderr is itself redirected.
+		So stdout will follow stderr to wherever it is
+		redirected.
+
+To modify the environment of the sub-process, specify an array of
+string pointers (NULL terminated) in .env:
+
+. If the string is of the form "VAR=value", i.e. it contains '='
+  the variable is added to the child process's environment.
+
+. If the string does not contain '=', it names an environment
+  variable that will be removed from the child process's environment.
+
+To specify a new initial working directory for the sub-process,
+specify it in the .dir member.
+
+
+* `struct async`
+
+This describes a function to run asynchronously, whose purpose is
+to produce output that the caller reads.
+
+The caller:
+
+1. allocates and clears (memset(&asy, 0, sizeof(asy));) a
+   struct async variable;
+2. initializes .proc and .data;
+3. calls start_async();
+4. processes the data by reading from the fd in .out;
+5. closes .out;
+6. calls finish_async().
+
+The function pointer in .proc has the following signature:
+
+	int proc(int fd, void *data);
+
+. fd specifies a writable file descriptor to which the function must
+  write the data that it produces. The function *must* close this
+  descriptor before it returns.
+
+. data is the value that the caller has specified in the .data member
+  of struct async.
+
+. The return value of the function is 0 on success and non-zero
+  on failure. If the function indicates failure, finish_async() will
+  report failure as well.
+
+
+There are serious restrictions on what the asynchronous function can do
+because this facility is implemented by a pipe to a forked process on
+UNIX, but by a thread in the same address space on Windows:
+
+. It cannot change the program's state (global variables, environment,
+  etc.) in a way that the caller notices; in other words, .out is the
+  only communication channel to the caller.
+
+. It must not change the program's state that the caller of the
+  facility also uses.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f63a04d7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+setup API
+=========
+
+Talk about
+
+* setup_git_directory()
+* setup_git_directory_gently()
+* is_inside_git_dir()
+* is_inside_work_tree()
+* setup_work_tree()
+* get_pathspec()
+
+(Dscho)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7438149249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+strbuf API
+==========
+
+strbuf's are meant to be used with all the usual C string and memory
+APIs. Given that the length of the buffer is known, it's often better to
+use the mem* functions than a str* one (memchr vs. strchr e.g.).
+Though, one has to be careful about the fact that str* functions often
+stop on NULs and that strbufs may have embedded NULs.
+
+An strbuf is NUL terminated for convenience, but no function in the
+strbuf API actually relies on the string being free of NULs.
+
+strbufs has some invariants that are very important to keep in mind:
+
+. The `buf` member is never NULL, so you it can be used in any usual C
+string operations safely. strbuf's _have_ to be initialized either by
+`strbuf_init()` or by `= STRBUF_INIT` before the invariants, though.
++
+Do *not* assume anything on what `buf` really is (e.g. if it is
+allocated memory or not), use `strbuf_detach()` to unwrap a memory
+buffer from its strbuf shell in a safe way. That is the sole supported
+way. This will give you a malloced buffer that you can later `free()`.
++
+However, it is totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by
+the `buf` member, between the indices `0` and `len-1` (inclusive).
+
+. The `buf` member is a byte array that has at least `len + 1` bytes
+  allocated. The extra byte is used to store a `'\0'`, allowing the
+  `buf` member to be a valid C-string. Every strbuf function ensure this
+  invariant is preserved.
++
+NOTE: It is OK to "play" with the buffer directly if you work it this
+      way:
++
+----
+strbuf_grow(sb, SOME_SIZE); <1>
+strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + SOME_OTHER_SIZE);
+----
+<1> Here, the memory array starting at `sb->buf`, and of length
+`strbuf_avail(sb)` is all yours, and you can be sure that
+`strbuf_avail(sb)` is at least `SOME_SIZE`.
++
+NOTE: `SOME_OTHER_SIZE` must be smaller or equal to `strbuf_avail(sb)`.
++
+Doing so is safe, though if it has to be done in many places, adding the
+missing API to the strbuf module is the way to go.
++
+WARNING: Do _not_ assume that the area that is yours is of size `alloc
+- 1` even if it's true in the current implementation. Alloc is somehow a
+"private" member that should not be messed with. Use `strbuf_avail()`
+instead.
+
+Data structures
+---------------
+
+* `struct strbuf`
+
+This is string buffer structure. The `len` member can be used to
+determine the current length of the string, and `buf` member provides access to
+the string itself.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+* Life cycle
+
+`strbuf_init`::
+
+	Initialize the structure. The second parameter can be zero or a bigger
+	number to allocate memory, in case you want to prevent further reallocs.
+
+`strbuf_release`::
+
+	Release a string buffer and the memory it used. You should not use the
+	string buffer after using this function, unless you initialize it again.
+
+`strbuf_detach`::
+
+	Detach the string from the strbuf and returns it; you now own the
+	storage the string occupies and it is your responsibility from then on
+	to release it with `free(3)` when you are done with it.
+
+`strbuf_attach`::
+
+	Attach a string to a buffer. You should specify the string to attach,
+	the current length of the string and the amount of allocated memory.
+	The amount must be larger than the string length, because the string you
+	pass is supposed to be a NUL-terminated string.  This string _must_ be
+	malloc()ed, and after attaching, the pointer cannot be relied upon
+	anymore, and neither be free()d directly.
+
+`strbuf_swap`::
+
+	Swap the contents of two string buffers.
+
+* Related to the size of the buffer
+
+`strbuf_avail`::
+
+	Determine the amount of allocated but unused memory.
+
+`strbuf_grow`::
+
+	Ensure that at least this amount of unused memory is available after
+	`len`. This is used when you know a typical size for what you will add
+	and want to avoid repetitive automatic resizing of the underlying buffer.
+	This is never a needed operation, but can be critical for performance in
+	some cases.
+
+`strbuf_setlen`::
+
+	Set the length of the buffer to a given value. This function does *not*
+	allocate new memory, so you should not perform a `strbuf_setlen()` to a
+	length that is larger than `len + strbuf_avail()`. `strbuf_setlen()` is
+	just meant as a 'please fix invariants from this strbuf I just messed
+	with'.
+
+`strbuf_reset`::
+
+	Empty the buffer by setting the size of it to zero.
+
+* Related to the contents of the buffer
+
+`strbuf_rtrim`::
+
+	Strip whitespace from the end of a string.
+
+`strbuf_cmp`::
+
+	Compare two buffers. Returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater
+	than zero if the first buffer is found, respectively, to be less than,
+	to match, or be greater than the second buffer.
+
+* Adding data to the buffer
+
+NOTE: All of the functions in this section will grow the buffer as necessary.
+If they fail for some reason other than memory shortage and the buffer hadn't
+been allocated before (i.e. the `struct strbuf` was set to `STRBUF_INIT`),
+then they will free() it.
+
+`strbuf_addch`::
+
+	Add a single character to the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_insert`::
+
+	Insert data to the given position of the buffer. The remaining contents
+	will be shifted, not overwritten.
+
+`strbuf_remove`::
+
+	Remove given amount of data from a given position of the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_splice`::
+
+	Remove the bytes between `pos..pos+len` and replace it with the given
+	data.
+
+`strbuf_add`::
+
+	Add data of given length to the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_addstr`::
+
+Add a NUL-terminated string to the buffer.
++
+NOTE: This function will *always* be implemented as an inline or a macro
+that expands to:
++
+----
+strbuf_add(..., s, strlen(s));
+----
++
+Meaning that this is efficient to write things like:
++
+----
+strbuf_addstr(sb, "immediate string");
+----
+
+`strbuf_addbuf`::
+
+	Copy the contents of an other buffer at the end of the current one.
+
+`strbuf_adddup`::
+
+	Copy part of the buffer from a given position till a given length to the
+	end of the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_expand`::
+
+	This function can be used to expand a format string containing
+	placeholders. To that end, it parses the string and calls the specified
+	function for every percent sign found.
++
+The callback function is given a pointer to the character after the `%`
+and a pointer to the struct strbuf.  It is expected to add the expanded
+version of the placeholder to the strbuf, e.g. to add a newline
+character if the letter `n` appears after a `%`.  The function returns
+the length of the placeholder recognized and `strbuf_expand()` skips
+over it.
++
+All other characters (non-percent and not skipped ones) are copied
+verbatim to the strbuf.  If the callback returned zero, meaning that the
+placeholder is unknown, then the percent sign is copied, too.
++
+In order to facilitate caching and to make it possible to give
+parameters to the callback, `strbuf_expand()` passes a context pointer,
+which can be used by the programmer of the callback as she sees fit.
+
+`strbuf_expand_dict_cb`::
+
+	Used as callback for `strbuf_expand()`, expects an array of
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry as context, i.e. pairs of
+	placeholder and replacement string.  The array needs to be
+	terminated by an entry with placeholder set to NULL.
+
+`strbuf_addf`::
+
+	Add a formatted string to the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_fread`::
+
+	Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer.
++
+NOTE: The buffer is rewound if the read fails. If -1 is returned,
+`errno` must be consulted, like you would do for `read(3)`.
+`strbuf_read()`, `strbuf_read_file()` and `strbuf_getline()` has the
+same behaviour as well.
+
+`strbuf_read`::
+
+	Read the contents of a given file descriptor. The third argument can be
+	used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs.
+
+`strbuf_read_file`::
+
+	Read the contents of a file, specified by its path. The third argument
+	can be used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs.
+
+`strbuf_readlink`::
+
+	Read the target of a symbolic link, specified by its path.  The third
+	argument can be used to give a hint about the size, to avoid reallocs.
+
+`strbuf_getline`::
+
+	Read a line from a FILE* pointer. The second argument specifies the line
+	terminator character, typically `'\n'`.
+
+`stripspace`::
+
+	Strip whitespace from a buffer. The second parameter controls if
+	comments are considered contents to be removed or not.
+
+`launch_editor`::
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..293bb15d20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+string-list API
+===============
+
+The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle sorted
+and unsorted string lists.
+
+The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
+because it is not specific to paths.
+
+The caller:
+
+. Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
+
+. Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
+  if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
+  when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
+  a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
++
+If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
+member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
+`nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
+
+. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append` or
+  `string_list_insert`.
+
+. Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
+  `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
+  `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
+
+. Can sort an unsorted list using `sort_string_list`.
+
+. Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
+
+Example:
+
+----
+struct string_list list;
+int i;
+
+memset(&list, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
+string_list_append("foo", &list);
+string_list_append("bar", &list);
+for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+	printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
+----
+
+NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
+afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
+`O(n^2)`).
++
+However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
+already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
+because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+* General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
+
+`print_string_list`::
+
+	Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
+	can take an optional header argument and it writes out the
+	string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own line.
+
+`string_list_clear`::
+
+	Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed in
+	case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The second
+	parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should be freed
+	or not.
+
+* Functions for sorted lists only
+
+`string_list_has_string`::
+
+	Determine if the string_list has a given string or not.
+
+`string_list_insert`::
+
+	Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
+	handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
+	string_list_item containing the just added string.
++
+Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
+list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
+write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
+
+`string_list_lookup`::
+
+	Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
+	string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
+
+* Functions for unsorted lists only
+
+`string_list_append`::
+
+	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.
+
+`sort_string_list`::
+
+	Make an unsorted list sorted.
+
+`unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
+
+	It's like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists.
++
+This function needs to look through all items, as opposed to its
+counterpart for sorted lists, which performs a binary search.
+
+Data structures
+---------------
+
+* `struct string_list_item`
+
+Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
+string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
+
+* `struct string_list`
+
+Represents the list itself.
+
+. The array of items are available via the `items` member.
+. The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
+. The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
+  You should not tamper with it.
+. Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
+  before adding them, see above.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3ddf91284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+tree walking API
+================
+
+Talk about <tree-walk.h>, things like
+
+* struct tree_desc
+* init_tree_desc
+* tree_entry_extract
+* update_tree_entry
+* get_tree_entry
+
+(JC, Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6296ecad1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+xdiff interface API
+===================
+
+Talk about our calling convention to xdiff library, including
+xdiff_emit_consume_fn.
+
+(Dscho, JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
index 9ce3c473ae..1803e64e46 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 GIT pack format
 ===============
 
-= pack-*.pack file has the following format:
+= pack-*.pack files have the following format:
 
-   - The header appears at the beginning and consists of the following:
+   - A header appears at the beginning and consists of the following:
 
      4-byte signature:
          The signature is: {'P', 'A', 'C', 'K'}
@@ -34,18 +34,14 @@ GIT pack format
 
   - The trailer records 20-byte SHA1 checksum of all of the above.
 
-= pack-*.idx file has the following format:
+= Original (version 1) pack-*.idx files have the following format:
 
   - The header consists of 256 4-byte network byte order
     integers.  N-th entry of this table records the number of
     objects in the corresponding pack, the first byte of whose
-    object name are smaller than N.  This is called the
+    object name is less than or equal to N.  This is called the
     'first-level fan-out' table.
 
-    Observation: we would need to extend this to an array of
-    8-byte integers to go beyond 4G objects per pack, but it is
-    not strictly necessary.
-
   - The header is followed by sorted 24-byte entries, one entry
     per object in the pack.  Each entry is:
 
@@ -55,10 +51,6 @@ GIT pack format
 
     20-byte object name.
 
-    Observation: we would definitely need to extend this to
-    8-byte integer plus 20-byte object name to handle a packfile
-    that is larger than 4GB.
-
   - The file is concluded with a trailer:
 
     A copy of the 20-byte SHA1 checksum at the end of
@@ -68,43 +60,42 @@ GIT pack format
 
 Pack Idx file:
 
-	idx
-	    +--------------------------------+
-	    | fanout[0] = 2                  |-.
-	    +--------------------------------+ |
+	--  +--------------------------------+
+fanout	    | fanout[0] = 2 (for example)    |-.
+table	    +--------------------------------+ |
 	    | fanout[1]                      | |
 	    +--------------------------------+ |
 	    | fanout[2]                      | |
 	    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
-	    | fanout[255]                    | |
-	    +--------------------------------+ |
-main	    | offset                         | |
-index	    | object name 00XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX | |
-table	    +--------------------------------+ | 
-	    | offset                         | |
-	    | object name 00XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX | |
-	    +--------------------------------+ |
-	  .-| offset                         |<+
-	  | | object name 01XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
-	  | +--------------------------------+
-	  | | offset                         |
-	  | | object name 01XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
-	  | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-	  | | offset                         |
-	  | | object name FFXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
-	  | +--------------------------------+
+	    | fanout[255] = total objects    |---.
+	--  +--------------------------------+ | |
+main	    | offset                         | | |
+index	    | object name 00XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX | | |
+table	    +--------------------------------+ | |
+	    | offset                         | | |
+	    | object name 00XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX | | |
+	    +--------------------------------+<+ |
+	  .-| offset                         |   |
+	  | | object name 01XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |   |
+	  | +--------------------------------+   |
+	  | | offset                         |   |
+	  | | object name 01XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |   |
+	  | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~   |
+	  | | offset                         |   |
+	  | | object name FFXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |   |
+	--| +--------------------------------+<--+
 trailer	  | | packfile checksum              |
 	  | +--------------------------------+
 	  | | idxfile checksum               |
 	  | +--------------------------------+
-          .-------.      
+          .-------.
                   |
 Pack file entry: <+
 
      packed object header:
 	1-byte size extension bit (MSB)
 	       type (next 3 bit)
-	       size0 (lower 4-bit) 
+	       size0 (lower 4-bit)
         n-byte sizeN (as long as MSB is set, each 7-bit)
 		size0..sizeN form 4+7+7+..+7 bit integer, size0
 		is the least significant part, and sizeN is the
@@ -112,7 +103,58 @@ Pack file entry: <+
      packed object data:
         If it is not DELTA, then deflated bytes (the size above
 		is the size before compression).
-	If it is DELTA, then
+	If it is REF_DELTA, then
 	  20-byte base object name SHA1 (the size above is the
-	  	size of the delta data that follows).
+		size of the delta data that follows).
           delta data, deflated.
+	If it is OFS_DELTA, then
+	  n-byte offset (see below) interpreted as a negative
+		offset from the type-byte of the header of the
+		ofs-delta entry (the size above is the size of
+		the delta data that follows).
+	  delta data, deflated.
+
+     offset encoding:
+	  n bytes with MSB set in all but the last one.
+	  The offset is then the number constructed by
+	  concatenating the lower 7 bit of each byte, and
+	  for n >= 2 adding 2^7 + 2^14 + ... + 2^(7*(n-1))
+	  to the result.
+
+
+
+= Version 2 pack-*.idx files support packs larger than 4 GiB, and
+  have some other reorganizations.  They have the format:
+
+  - A 4-byte magic number '\377tOc' which is an unreasonable
+    fanout[0] value.
+
+  - A 4-byte version number (= 2)
+
+  - A 256-entry fan-out table just like v1.
+
+  - A table of sorted 20-byte SHA1 object names.  These are
+    packed together without offset values to reduce the cache
+    footprint of the binary search for a specific object name.
+
+  - A table of 4-byte CRC32 values of the packed object data.
+    This is new in v2 so compressed data can be copied directly
+    from pack to pack during repacking without undetected
+    data corruption.
+
+  - A table of 4-byte offset values (in network byte order).
+    These are usually 31-bit pack file offsets, but large
+    offsets are encoded as an index into the next table with
+    the msbit set.
+
+  - A table of 8-byte offset entries (empty for pack files less
+    than 2 GiB).  Pack files are organized with heavily used
+    objects toward the front, so most object references should
+    not need to refer to this table.
+
+  - The same trailer as a v1 pack file:
+
+    A copy of the 20-byte SHA1 checksum at the end of
+    corresponding packfile.
+
+    20-byte SHA1-checksum of all of the above.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
index 5030d9f2f8..48bb97f0b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ them, and give the same timestamp to the index file:
 
 This will make all index entries racily clean.  The linux-2.6
 project, for example, there are over 20,000 files in the working
-tree.  On my Athron 64X2 3800+, after the above:
+tree.  On my Athlon 64 X2 3800+, after the above:
 
   $ /usr/bin/time git diff-files
   1.68user 0.54system 0:02.22elapsed 100%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ In a large project where raciness avoidance cost really matters,
 however, the initial computation of all object names in the
 index takes more than one second, and the index file is written
 out after all that happens.  Therefore the timestamp of the
-index file will be more than one seconds later than the the
+index file will be more than one seconds later than the
 youngest file in the working tree.  This means that in these
 cases there actually will not be any racily clean entry in
 the resulting index.
diff --git a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a0e7b8944
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+include::urls.txt[]
+
+REMOTES[[REMOTES]]
+------------------
+
+The name of one of the following can be used instead
+of a URL as `<repository>` argument:
+
+* a remote in the git configuration file: `$GIT_DIR/config`,
+* a file in the `$GIT_DIR/remotes` directory, or
+* a file in the `$GIT_DIR/branches` directory.
+
+All of these also allow you to omit the refspec from the command line
+because they each contain a refspec which git will use by default.
+
+Named remote in configuration file
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can choose to provide the name of a remote which you had previously
+configured using linkgit:git-remote[1], linkgit:git-config[1]
+or even by a manual edit to the `$GIT_DIR/config` file.  The URL of
+this remote will be used to access the repository.  The refspec
+of this remote will be used by default when you do
+not provide a refspec on the command line.  The entry in the
+config file would appear like this:
+
+------------
+	[remote "<name>"]
+		url = <url>
+		pushurl = <pushurl>
+		push = <refspec>
+		fetch = <refspec>
+------------
+
+The `<pushurl>` is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
+to `<url>`.
+
+Named file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can choose to provide the name of a
+file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes`.  The URL
+in this file will be used to access the repository.  The refspec
+in this file will be used as default when you do not
+provide a refspec on the command line.  This file should have the
+following format:
+
+------------
+	URL: one of the above URL format
+	Push: <refspec>
+	Pull: <refspec>
+
+------------
+
+`Push:` lines are used by 'git-push' and
+`Pull:` lines are used by 'git-pull' and 'git-fetch'.
+Multiple `Push:` and `Pull:` lines may
+be specified for additional branch mappings.
+
+Named file in `$GIT_DIR/branches`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can choose to provide the name of a
+file in `$GIT_DIR/branches`.
+The URL in this file will be used to access the repository.
+This file should have the following format:
+
+
+------------
+	<url>#<head>
+------------
+
+`<url>` is required; `#<head>` is optional.
+
+Depending on the operation, git will use one of the following
+refspecs, if you don't provide one on the command line.
+`<branch>` is the name of this file in `$GIT_DIR/branches` and
+`<head>` defaults to `master`.
+
+git fetch uses:
+
+------------
+	refs/heads/<head>:refs/heads/<branch>
+------------
+
+git push uses:
+
+------------
+	HEAD:refs/heads/<head>
+------------
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index 745f9677d0..5355ebc0f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -6,20 +6,22 @@ to name the remote repository:
 
 ===============================================================
 - rsync://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- http://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- https://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
+- http://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- https://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~user/path/to/repo.git/
+- ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/~/path/to/repo.git
 ===============================================================
 
-SSH is the default transport protocol.  You can optionally specify
-which user to log-in as, and an alternate, scp-like syntax is also
-supported.  Both syntaxes support username expansion,
-as does the native git protocol. The following three are
-identical to the last three above, respectively:
+SSH is the default transport protocol over the network.  You can
+optionally specify which user to log-in as, and an alternate,
+scp-like syntax is also supported.  Both syntaxes support
+username expansion, as does the native git protocol, but
+only the former supports port specification. The following
+three are identical to the last three above, respectively:
 
 ===============================================================
 - {startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz:/path/to/repo.git/
@@ -27,62 +29,41 @@ identical to the last three above, respectively:
 - {startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz:path/to/repo.git
 ===============================================================
 
-To sync with a local directory, use:
+To sync with a local directory, you can use:
 
 ===============================================================
 - /path/to/repo.git/
+- file:///path/to/repo.git/
 ===============================================================
 
-REMOTES
--------
+ifndef::git-clone[]
+They are mostly equivalent, except when cloning.  See
+linkgit:git-clone[1] for details.
+endif::git-clone[]
 
-In addition to the above, as a short-hand, the name of a
-file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes` directory can be given; the
-named file should be in the following format:
+ifdef::git-clone[]
+They are equivalent, except the former implies --local option.
+endif::git-clone[]
 
-------------
-	URL: one of the above URL format
-	Push: <refspec>
-	Pull: <refspec>
-
-------------
-
-Then such a short-hand is specified in place of
-<repository> without <refspec> parameters on the command
-line, <refspec> specified on `Push:` lines or `Pull:`
-lines are used for `git-push` and `git-fetch`/`git-pull`,
-respectively.  Multiple `Push:` and `Pull:` lines may
-be specified for additional branch mappings.
 
-Or, equivalently, in the `$GIT_DIR/config` (note the use
-of `fetch` instead of `Pull:`):
+If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
+you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
+use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
+configuration section of the form:
 
 ------------
-	[remote "<remote>"]
-		url = <url>
-		push = <refspec>
-		fetch = <refspec>
-
+	[url "<actual url base>"]
+		insteadOf = <other url base>
 ------------
 
-The name of a file in `$GIT_DIR/branches` directory can be
-specified as an older notation short-hand; the named
-file should contain a single line, a URL in one of the
-above formats, optionally followed by a hash `#` and the
-name of remote head (URL fragment notation).
-`$GIT_DIR/branches/<remote>` file that stores a <url>
-without the fragment is equivalent to have this in the
-corresponding file in the `$GIT_DIR/remotes/` directory.
+For example, with this:
 
 ------------
-	URL: <url>
-	Pull: refs/heads/master:<remote>
-
+	[url "git://git.host.xz/"]
+		insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
+		insteadOf = work:
 ------------
 
-while having `<url>#<head>` is equivalent to
+a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
+rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".
 
-------------
-	URL: <url>
-	Pull: refs/heads/<head>:<remote>
-------------
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.conf b/Documentation/user-manual.conf
index 92b01ecf71..339b30919e 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.conf
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.conf
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ startsb=&#91;
 endsb=&#93;
 tilde=&#126;
 
-[gitlink-inlinemacro]
+[linkgit-inlinemacro]
 <ulink url="{target}.html">{target}{0?({0})}</ulink>
 
 ifdef::backend-docbook[]
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index d43d2377ec..0b88a51d0b 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -1,296 +1,95 @@
-Git User's Manual
-_________________
+Git User's Manual (for version 1.5.3 or newer)
+______________________________________________
 
-This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic unix
-command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of git.
 
-Chapter 1 gives a brief overview of git commands, without any
-explanation; you may prefer to skip to chapter 2 on a first reading.
+Git is a fast distributed revision control system.
+
+This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX
+command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of git.
 
-Chapters 2 and 3 explain how to fetch and study a project using
-git--the tools you'd need to build and test a particular version of a
-software project, to search for regressions, and so on.
+<<repositories-and-branches>> and <<exploring-git-history>> explain how
+to fetch and study a project using git--read these chapters to learn how
+to build and test a particular version of a software project, search for
+regressions, and so on.
 
-Chapter 4 explains how to do development with git, and chapter 5 how
-to share that development with others.
+People needing to do actual development will also want to read
+<<Developing-With-git>> and <<sharing-development>>.
 
 Further chapters cover more specialized topics.
 
 Comprehensive reference documentation is available through the man
-pages.  For a command such as "git clone", just use
+pages, or linkgit:git-help[1] command.  For example, for the command
+"git clone <repo>", you can either use:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ man git-clone
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Git Quick Start
-===============
-
-This is a quick summary of the major commands; the following chapters
-will explain how these work in more detail.
-
-Creating a new repository
--------------------------
-
-From a tarball:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ tar xzf project.tar.gz
-$ cd project
-$ git init
-Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
-$ git add .
-$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
-
-From a remote repository:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git clone git://example.com/pub/project.git
-$ cd project
------------------------------------------------
-
-Managing branches
------------------
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch	     # list all branches in this repo
-$ git checkout test  # switch working directory to branch "test"
-$ git branch new     # create branch "new" starting at current HEAD
-$ git branch -d new  # delete branch "new"
------------------------------------------------
-
-Instead of basing new branch on current HEAD (the default), use:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch new test    # branch named "test"
-$ git branch new v2.6.15 # tag named v2.6.15
-$ git branch new HEAD^   # commit before the most recent
-$ git branch new HEAD^^  # commit before that
-$ git branch new test~10 # ten commits before tip of branch "test"
------------------------------------------------
-
-Create and switch to a new branch at the same time:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git checkout -b new v2.6.15
------------------------------------------------
-
-Update and examine branches from the repository you cloned from:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git fetch		# update
-$ git branch -r		# list
-  origin/master
-  origin/next
-  ...
-$ git checkout -b masterwork origin/master
------------------------------------------------
-
-Fetch a branch from a different repository, and give it a new
-name in your repository:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git fetch git://example.com/project.git theirbranch:mybranch
-$ git fetch git://example.com/project.git v2.6.15:mybranch
------------------------------------------------
-
-Keep a list of repositories you work with regularly:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git remote add example git://example.com/project.git
-$ git remote			# list remote repositories
-example
-origin
-$ git remote show example	# get details
-* remote example
-  URL: git://example.com/project.git
-  Tracked remote branches
-    master next ...
-$ git fetch example		# update branches from example
-$ git branch -r			# list all remote branches
------------------------------------------------
-
-
-Exploring history
------------------
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ gitk			    # visualize and browse history
-$ git log		    # list all commits
-$ git log src/		    # ...modifying src/
-$ git log v2.6.15..v2.6.16  # ...in v2.6.16, not in v2.6.15
-$ git log master..test	    # ...in branch test, not in branch master
-$ git log test..master	    # ...in branch master, but not in test
-$ git log test...master	    # ...in one branch, not in both
-$ git log -S'foo()'	    # ...where difference contain "foo()"
-$ git log --since="2 weeks ago"
-$ git log -p		    # show patches as well
-$ git show		    # most recent commit
-$ git diff v2.6.15..v2.6.16 # diff between two tagged versions
-$ git diff v2.6.15..HEAD    # diff with current head
-$ git grep "foo()"	    # search working directory for "foo()"
-$ git grep v2.6.15 "foo()"  # search old tree for "foo()"
-$ git show v2.6.15:a.txt    # look at old version of a.txt
------------------------------------------------
-
-Search for regressions:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git bisect start
-$ git bisect bad		# current version is bad
-$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2	# last known good revision
-Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
-				# test here, then:
-$ git bisect good		# if this revision is good, or
-$ git bisect bad		# if this revision is bad.
-				# repeat until done.
------------------------------------------------
-
-Making changes
---------------
-
-Make sure git knows who to blame:
+or:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ cat >~/.gitconfig <<\EOF
-[user]
-	name = Your Name Comes Here
-	email = you@yourdomain.example.com
-EOF
+$ git help clone
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Select file contents to include in the next commit, then make the
-commit:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git add a.txt    # updated file
-$ git add b.txt    # new file
-$ git rm c.txt     # old file
-$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
-
-Or, prepare and create the commit in one step:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit d.txt # use latest content only of d.txt
-$ git commit -a	   # use latest content of all tracked files
------------------------------------------------
-
-Merging
--------
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git merge test   # merge branch "test" into the current branch
-$ git pull git://example.com/project.git master
-		   # fetch and merge in remote branch
-$ git pull . test  # equivalent to git merge test
------------------------------------------------
-
-Sharing your changes
---------------------
-
-Importing or exporting patches:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git format-patch origin..HEAD # format a patch for each commit
-				# in HEAD but not in origin
-$ git am mbox # import patches from the mailbox "mbox"
------------------------------------------------
-
-Fetch a branch in a different git repository, then merge into the
-current branch:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull git://example.com/project.git theirbranch
------------------------------------------------
-
-Store the fetched branch into a local branch before merging into the
-current branch:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull git://example.com/project.git theirbranch:mybranch
------------------------------------------------
-
-After creating commits on a local branch, update the remote
-branch with your commits:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git push ssh://example.com/project.git mybranch:theirbranch
------------------------------------------------
-
-When remote and local branch are both named "test":
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git push ssh://example.com/project.git test
------------------------------------------------
-
-Shortcut version for a frequently used remote repository:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git remote add example ssh://example.com/project.git
-$ git push example test
------------------------------------------------
-
-Repository maintenance
-----------------------
+With the latter, you can use the manual viewer of your choice; see
+linkgit:git-help[1] for more information.
 
-Check for corruption:
-
------------------------------------------------
-$ git fsck
------------------------------------------------
+See also <<git-quick-start>> for a brief overview of git commands,
+without any explanation.
 
-Recompress, remove unused cruft:
+Finally, see <<todo>> for ways that you can help make this manual more
+complete.
 
------------------------------------------------
-$ git gc
------------------------------------------------
 
+[[repositories-and-branches]]
 Repositories and Branches
 =========================
 
+[[how-to-get-a-git-repository]]
 How to get a git repository
 ---------------------------
 
 It will be useful to have a git repository to experiment with as you
 read this manual.
 
-The best way to get one is by using the gitlink:git-clone[1] command
-to download a copy of an existing repository for a project that you
-are interested in.  If you don't already have a project in mind, here
-are some interesting examples:
+The best way to get one is by using the linkgit:git-clone[1] command to
+download a copy of an existing repository.  If you don't already have a
+project in mind, here are some interesting examples:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 	# git itself (approx. 10MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
-	# the linux kernel (approx. 150MB download):
+	# the Linux kernel (approx. 150MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 The initial clone may be time-consuming for a large project, but you
 will only need to clone once.
 
-The clone command creates a new directory named after the project
-("git" or "linux-2.6" in the examples above).  After you cd into this
+The clone command creates a new directory named after the project ("git"
+or "linux-2.6" in the examples above).  After you cd into this
 directory, you will see that it contains a copy of the project files,
-together with a special top-level directory named ".git", which
-contains all the information about the history of the project.
-
-In most of the following, examples will be taken from one of the two
-repositories above.
+called the <<def_working_tree,working tree>>, together with a special
+top-level directory named ".git", which contains all the information
+about the history of the project.
 
+[[how-to-check-out]]
 How to check out a different version of a project
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Git is best thought of as a tool for storing the history of a
-collection of files.  It stores the history as a compressed
-collection of interrelated snapshots (versions) of the project's
-contents.
+Git is best thought of as a tool for storing the history of a collection
+of files.  It stores the history as a compressed collection of
+interrelated snapshots of the project's contents.  In git each such
+version is called a <<def_commit,commit>>.
 
-A single git repository may contain multiple branches.  It keeps track
-of them by keeping a list of <<def_head,heads>> which reference the
-latest version on each branch; the gitlink:git-branch[1] command shows
+Those snapshots aren't necessarily all arranged in a single line from
+oldest to newest; instead, work may simultaneously proceed along
+parallel lines of development, called <<def_branch,branches>>, which may
+merge and diverge.
+
+A single git repository can track development on multiple branches.  It
+does this by keeping a list of <<def_head,heads>> which reference the
+latest commit on each branch; the linkgit:git-branch[1] command shows
 you the list of branch heads:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -298,13 +97,13 @@ $ git branch
 * master
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-A freshly cloned repository contains a single branch head, named
-"master", and working directory is initialized to the state of
-the project referred to by "master".
+A freshly cloned repository contains a single branch head, by default
+named "master", with the working directory initialized to the state of
+the project referred to by that branch head.
 
 Most projects also use <<def_tag,tags>>.  Tags, like heads, are
 references into the project's history, and can be listed using the
-gitlink:git-tag[1] command:
+linkgit:git-tag[1] command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git tag -l
@@ -324,14 +123,14 @@ Tags are expected to always point at the same version of a project,
 while heads are expected to advance as development progresses.
 
 Create a new branch head pointing to one of these versions and check it
-out using gitlink:git-checkout[1]:
+out using linkgit:git-checkout[1]:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout -b new v2.6.13
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 The working directory then reflects the contents that the project had
-when it was tagged v2.6.13, and gitlink:git-branch[1] shows two
+when it was tagged v2.6.13, and linkgit:git-branch[1] shows two
 branches, with an asterisk marking the currently checked-out branch:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -352,48 +151,44 @@ particular point in history, then resetting that branch may leave you
 with no way to find the history it used to point to; so use this command
 carefully.
 
+[[understanding-commits]]
 Understanding History: Commits
 ------------------------------
 
 Every change in the history of a project is represented by a commit.
-The gitlink:git-show[1] command shows the most recent commit on the
+The linkgit:git-show[1] command shows the most recent commit on the
 current branch:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git show
-commit 2b5f6dcce5bf94b9b119e9ed8d537098ec61c3d2
-Author: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
-Date:   Sat Dec 2 22:22:25 2006 -0800
-
-    [XFRM]: Fix aevent structuring to be more complete.
-    
-    aevents can not uniquely identify an SA. We break the ABI with this
-    patch, but consensus is that since it is not yet utilized by any
-    (known) application then it is fine (better do it now than later).
-    
-    Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
-    Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
-
-diff --git a/Documentation/networking/xfrm_sync.txt b/Documentation/networking/xfrm_sync.txt
-index 8be626f..d7aac9d 100644
---- a/Documentation/networking/xfrm_sync.txt
-+++ b/Documentation/networking/xfrm_sync.txt
-@@ -47,10 +47,13 @@ aevent_id structure looks like:
+commit 17cf781661e6d38f737f15f53ab552f1e95960d7
+Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org.(none)>
+Date:   Tue Apr 19 14:11:06 2005 -0700
+
+    Remove duplicate getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT) call
+
+    Noted by Tony Luck.
+
+diff --git a/init-db.c b/init-db.c
+index 65898fa..b002dc6 100644
+--- a/init-db.c
++++ b/init-db.c
+@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  
-    struct xfrm_aevent_id {
-              struct xfrm_usersa_id           sa_id;
-+             xfrm_address_t                  saddr;
-              __u32                           flags;
-+             __u32                           reqid;
-    };
-...
+ int main(int argc, char **argv)
+ {
+-	char *sha1_dir = getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT), *path;
++	char *sha1_dir, *path;
+ 	int len, i;
+ 
+ 	if (mkdir(".git", 0755) < 0) {
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 As you can see, a commit shows who made the latest change, what they
 did, and why.
 
 Every commit has a 40-hexdigit id, sometimes called the "object name" or the
-"SHA1 id", shown on the first line of the "git show" output.  You can usually
+"SHA-1 id", shown on the first line of the "git show" output.  You can usually
 refer to a commit by a shorter name, such as a tag or a branch name, but this
 longer name can also be useful.  Most importantly, it is a globally unique
 name for this commit: so if you tell somebody else the object name (for
@@ -403,10 +198,11 @@ has that commit at all).  Since the object name is computed as a hash over the
 contents of the commit, you are guaranteed that the commit can never change
 without its name also changing.
 
-In fact, in <<git-internals>> we shall see that everything stored in git
+In fact, in <<git-concepts>> we shall see that everything stored in git
 history, including file data and directory contents, is stored in an object
 with a name that is a hash of its contents.
 
+[[understanding-reachability]]
 Understanding history: commits, parents, and reachability
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -422,15 +218,16 @@ representing a merge can therefore have more than one parent, with
 each parent representing the most recent commit on one of the lines
 of development leading to that point.
 
-The best way to see how this works is using the gitlink:gitk[1]
+The best way to see how this works is using the linkgit:gitk[1]
 command; running gitk now on a git repository and looking for merge
 commits will help understand how the git organizes history.
 
 In the following, we say that commit X is "reachable" from commit Y
 if commit X is an ancestor of commit Y.  Equivalently, you could say
-that Y is a descendent of X, or that there is a chain of parents
+that Y is a descendant of X, or that there is a chain of parents
 leading from commit Y to commit X.
 
+[[history-diagrams]]
 Understanding history: History diagrams
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -450,6 +247,7 @@ lines drawn with - / and \.  Time goes left to right:
 If we need to talk about a particular commit, the character "o" may
 be replaced with another letter or number.
 
+[[what-is-a-branch]]
 Understanding history: What is a branch?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -463,6 +261,7 @@ the line of three commits leading up to that point as all being part of
 However, when no confusion will result, we often just use the term
 "branch" both for branches and for branch heads.
 
+[[manipulating-branches]]
 Manipulating branches
 ---------------------
 
@@ -480,8 +279,8 @@ git branch <branch> <start-point>::
 	including using a branch name or a tag name
 git branch -d <branch>::
 	delete the branch <branch>; if the branch you are deleting
-	points to a commit which is not reachable from this branch,
-	this command will fail with a warning.
+	points to a commit which is not reachable from the current
+	branch, this command will fail with a warning.
 git branch -D <branch>::
 	even if the branch points to a commit not reachable
 	from the current branch, you may know that that commit
@@ -495,9 +294,50 @@ git checkout -b <new> <start-point>::
 	create a new branch <new> referencing <start-point>, and
 	check it out.
 
-It is also useful to know that the special symbol "HEAD" can always
-be used to refer to the current branch.
+The special symbol "HEAD" can always be used to refer to the current
+branch.  In fact, git uses a file named "HEAD" in the .git directory to
+remember which branch is current:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ cat .git/HEAD
+ref: refs/heads/master
+------------------------------------------------
+
+[[detached-head]]
+Examining an old version without creating a new branch
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+The `git checkout` command normally expects a branch head, but will also
+accept an arbitrary commit; for example, you can check out the commit
+referenced by a tag:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout v2.6.17
+Note: moving to "v2.6.17" which isn't a local branch
+If you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so
+(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
+  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>
+HEAD is now at 427abfa... Linux v2.6.17
+------------------------------------------------
+
+The HEAD then refers to the SHA-1 of the commit instead of to a branch,
+and git branch shows that you are no longer on a branch:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ cat .git/HEAD
+427abfa28afedffadfca9dd8b067eb6d36bac53f
+$ git branch
+* (no branch)
+  master
+------------------------------------------------
+
+In this case we say that the HEAD is "detached".
+
+This is an easy way to check out a particular version without having to
+make up a name for the new branch.   You can still create a new branch
+(or tag) for this version later if you decide to.
 
+[[examining-remote-branches]]
 Examining branches from a remote repository
 -------------------------------------------
 
@@ -505,7 +345,7 @@ The "master" branch that was created at the time you cloned is a copy
 of the HEAD in the repository that you cloned from.  That repository
 may also have had other branches, though, and your local repository
 keeps branches which track each of those remote branches, which you
-can view using the "-r" option to gitlink:git-branch[1]:
+can view using the "-r" option to linkgit:git-branch[1]:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git branch -r
@@ -545,20 +385,21 @@ shorthand:
 The full name is occasionally useful if, for example, there ever
 exists a tag and a branch with the same name.
 
-As another useful shortcut, if the repository "origin" posesses only
-a single branch, you can refer to that branch as just "origin".
+(Newly created refs are actually stored in the .git/refs directory,
+under the path given by their name.  However, for efficiency reasons
+they may also be packed together in a single file; see
+linkgit:git-pack-refs[1]).
 
-More generally, if you have defined a remote repository named
-"example", you can refer to the branch in that repository as
-"example".  And for a repository with multiple branches, this will
-refer to the branch designated as the "HEAD" branch.
+As another useful shortcut, the "HEAD" of a repository can be referred
+to just using the name of that repository.  So, for example, "origin"
+is usually a shortcut for the HEAD branch in the repository "origin".
 
 For the complete list of paths which git checks for references, and
 the order it uses to decide which to choose when there are multiple
 references with the same shorthand name, see the "SPECIFYING
-REVISIONS" section of gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
+REVISIONS" section of linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
-[[Updating-a-repository-with-git-fetch]]
+[[Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch]]
 Updating a repository with git fetch
 ------------------------------------
 
@@ -571,11 +412,12 @@ remote-tracking branches to the latest version found in her
 repository.  It will not touch any of your own branches--not even the
 "master" branch that was created for you on clone.
 
+[[fetching-branches]]
 Fetching branches from other repositories
 -----------------------------------------
 
 You can also track branches from repositories other than the one you
-cloned from, using gitlink:git-remote[1]:
+cloned from, using linkgit:git-remote[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git remote add linux-nfs git://linux-nfs.org/pub/nfs-2.6.git
@@ -611,14 +453,15 @@ $ cat .git/config
 This is what causes git to track the remote's branches; you may modify
 or delete these configuration options by editing .git/config with a
 text editor.  (See the "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of
-gitlink:git-config[1] for details.)
+linkgit:git-config[1] for details.)
 
+[[exploring-git-history]]
 Exploring git history
 =====================
 
 Git is best thought of as a tool for storing the history of a
 collection of files.  It does this by storing compressed snapshots of
-the contents of a file heirarchy, together with "commits" which show
+the contents of a file hierarchy, together with "commits" which show
 the relationships between these snapshots.
 
 Git provides extremely flexible and fast tools for exploring the
@@ -627,6 +470,7 @@ history of a project.
 We start with one specialized tool that is useful for finding the
 commit that introduced a bug into a project.
 
+[[using-bisect]]
 How to use bisect to find a regression
 --------------------------------------
 
@@ -634,7 +478,7 @@ Suppose version 2.6.18 of your project worked, but the version at
 "master" crashes.  Sometimes the best way to find the cause of such a
 regression is to perform a brute-force search through the project's
 history to find the particular commit that caused the problem.  The
-gitlink:git-bisect[1] command can help you do this:
+linkgit:git-bisect[1] command can help you do this:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect start
@@ -645,10 +489,10 @@ Bisecting: 3537 revisions left to test after this
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 If you run "git branch" at this point, you'll see that git has
-temporarily moved you to a new branch named "bisect".  This branch
-points to a commit (with commit id 65934...) that is reachable from
-v2.6.19 but not from v2.6.18.  Compile and test it, and see whether
-it crashes.  Assume it does crash.  Then:
+temporarily moved you in "(no branch)". HEAD is now detached from any
+branch and points directly to a commit (with commit id 65934...) that
+is reachable from "master" but not from v2.6.18. Compile and test it,
+and see whether it crashes. Assume it does crash. Then:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect bad
@@ -663,17 +507,16 @@ half each time.
 
 After about 13 tests (in this case), it will output the commit id of
 the guilty commit.  You can then examine the commit with
-gitlink:git-show[1], find out who wrote it, and mail them your bug
+linkgit:git-show[1], find out who wrote it, and mail them your bug
 report with the commit id.  Finally, run
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect reset
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-to return you to the branch you were on before and delete the
-temporary "bisect" branch.
+to return you to the branch you were on before.
 
-Note that the version which git-bisect checks out for you at each
+Note that the version which `git bisect` checks out for you at each
 point is just a suggestion, and you're free to try a different
 version if you think it would be a good idea.  For example,
 occasionally you may land on a commit that broke something unrelated;
@@ -684,7 +527,7 @@ $ git bisect visualize
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 which will run gitk and label the commit it chose with a marker that
-says "bisect".  Chose a safe-looking commit nearby, note its commit
+says "bisect".  Choose a safe-looking commit nearby, note its commit
 id, and check it out with:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -694,6 +537,23 @@ $ git reset --hard fb47ddb2db...
 then test, run "bisect good" or "bisect bad" as appropriate, and
 continue.
 
+Instead of "git bisect visualize" and then "git reset --hard
+fb47ddb2db...", you might just want to tell git that you want to skip
+the current commit:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git bisect skip
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+In this case, though, git may not eventually be able to tell the first
+bad one between some first skipped commits and a later bad commit.
+
+There are also ways to automate the bisecting process if you have a
+test script that can tell a good from a bad commit. See
+linkgit:git-bisect[1] for more information about this and other "git
+bisect" features.
+
+[[naming-commits]]
 Naming commits
 --------------
 
@@ -708,7 +568,7 @@ We have seen several ways of naming commits already:
 	- HEAD: refers to the head of the current branch
 
 There are many more; see the "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section of the
-gitlink:git-rev-parse[1] man page for the complete list of ways to
+linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] man page for the complete list of ways to
 name revisions.  Some examples:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -732,11 +592,11 @@ In addition to HEAD, there are several other special names for
 commits:
 
 Merges (to be discussed later), as well as operations such as
-git-reset, which change the currently checked-out commit, generally
+`git reset`, which change the currently checked-out commit, generally
 set ORIG_HEAD to the value HEAD had before the current operation.
 
-The git-fetch operation always stores the head of the last fetched
-branch in FETCH_HEAD.  For example, if you run git fetch without
+The `git fetch` operation always stores the head of the last fetched
+branch in FETCH_HEAD.  For example, if you run `git fetch` without
 specifying a local branch as the target of the operation
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -749,7 +609,7 @@ When we discuss merges we'll also see the special name MERGE_HEAD,
 which refers to the other branch that we're merging in to the current
 branch.
 
-The gitlink:git-rev-parse[1] command is a low-level command that is
+The linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] command is a low-level command that is
 occasionally useful for translating some name for a commit to the object
 name for that commit:
 
@@ -758,6 +618,7 @@ $ git rev-parse origin
 e05db0fd4f31dde7005f075a84f96b360d05984b
 -------------------------------------------------
 
+[[creating-tags]]
 Creating tags
 -------------
 
@@ -770,15 +631,16 @@ $ git tag stable-1 1b2e1d63ff
 
 You can use stable-1 to refer to the commit 1b2e1d63ff.
 
-This creates a "lightweight" tag.  If the tag is a tag you wish to
-share with others, and possibly sign cryptographically, then you
-should create a tag object instead; see the gitlink:git-tag[1] man
-page for details.
+This creates a "lightweight" tag.  If you would also like to include a
+comment with the tag, and possibly sign it cryptographically, then you
+should create a tag object instead; see the linkgit:git-tag[1] man page
+for details.
 
+[[browsing-revisions]]
 Browsing revisions
 ------------------
 
-The gitlink:git-log[1] command can show lists of commits.  On its
+The linkgit:git-log[1] command can show lists of commits.  On its
 own, it shows all commits reachable from the parent commit; but you
 can also make more specific requests:
 
@@ -808,7 +670,7 @@ You can also ask git log to show patches:
 $ git log -p
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-See the "--pretty" option in the gitlink:git-log[1] man page for more
+See the "--pretty" option in the linkgit:git-log[1] man page for more
 display options.
 
 Note that git log starts with the most recent commit and works
@@ -816,27 +678,36 @@ backwards through the parents; however, since git history can contain
 multiple independent lines of development, the particular order that
 commits are listed in may be somewhat arbitrary.
 
+[[generating-diffs]]
 Generating diffs
 ----------------
 
 You can generate diffs between any two versions using
-gitlink:git-diff[1]:
+linkgit:git-diff[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git diff master..test
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Sometimes what you want instead is a set of patches:
+That will produce the diff between the tips of the two branches.  If
+you'd prefer to find the diff from their common ancestor to test, you
+can use three dots instead of two:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git diff master...test
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Sometimes what you want instead is a set of patches; for this you can
+use linkgit:git-format-patch[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git format-patch master..test
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 will generate a file with a patch for each commit reachable from test
-but not from master.  Note that if master also has commits which are
-not reachable from test, then the combined result of these patches
-will not be the same as the diff produced by the git-diff example.
+but not from master.
 
+[[viewing-old-file-versions]]
 Viewing old file versions
 -------------------------
 
@@ -852,9 +723,30 @@ $ git show v2.5:fs/locks.c
 Before the colon may be anything that names a commit, and after it
 may be any path to a file tracked by git.
 
+[[history-examples]]
 Examples
 --------
 
+[[counting-commits-on-a-branch]]
+Counting the number of commits on a branch
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Suppose you want to know how many commits you've made on "mybranch"
+since it diverged from "origin":
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --pretty=oneline origin..mybranch | wc -l
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Alternatively, you may often see this sort of thing done with the
+lower-level command linkgit:git-rev-list[1], which just lists the SHA-1's
+of all the given commits:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git rev-list origin..mybranch | wc -l
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+[[checking-for-equal-branches]]
 Check whether two branches point at the same history
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -887,6 +779,7 @@ $ git log origin...master
 
 will return no commits when the two branches are equal.
 
+[[finding-tagged-descendants]]
 Find first tagged version including a given fix
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -904,7 +797,7 @@ You could just visually inspect the commits since e05db0fd:
 $ gitk e05db0fd..
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Or you can use gitlink:git-name-rev[1], which will give the commit a
+Or you can use linkgit:git-name-rev[1], which will give the commit a
 name based on any tag it finds pointing to one of the commit's
 descendants:
 
@@ -913,7 +806,7 @@ $ git name-rev --tags e05db0fd
 e05db0fd tags/v1.5.0-rc1^0~23
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-The gitlink:git-describe[1] command does the opposite, naming the
+The linkgit:git-describe[1] command does the opposite, naming the
 revision using a tag on which the given commit is based:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -925,7 +818,7 @@ but that may sometimes help you guess which tags might come after the
 given commit.
 
 If you just want to verify whether a given tagged version contains a
-given commit, you could use gitlink:git-merge-base[1]:
+given commit, you could use linkgit:git-merge-base[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git merge-base e05db0fd v1.5.0-rc1
@@ -946,7 +839,7 @@ $ git log v1.5.0-rc1..e05db0fd
 will produce empty output if and only if v1.5.0-rc1 includes e05db0fd,
 because it outputs only commits that are not reachable from v1.5.0-rc1.
 
-As yet another alternative, the gitlink:git-show-branch[1] command lists
+As yet another alternative, the linkgit:git-show-branch[1] command lists
 the commits reachable from its arguments with a display on the left-hand
 side that indicates which arguments that commit is reachable from.  So,
 you can run something like
@@ -971,28 +864,137 @@ available
 Which shows that e05db0fd is reachable from itself, from v1.5.0-rc1, and
 from v1.5.0-rc2, but not from v1.5.0-rc0.
 
+[[showing-commits-unique-to-a-branch]]
+Showing commits unique to a given branch
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Suppose you would like to see all the commits reachable from the branch
+head named "master" but not from any other head in your repository.
+
+We can list all the heads in this repository with
+linkgit:git-show-ref[1]:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git show-ref --heads
+bf62196b5e363d73353a9dcf094c59595f3153b7 refs/heads/core-tutorial
+db768d5504c1bb46f63ee9d6e1772bd047e05bf9 refs/heads/maint
+a07157ac624b2524a059a3414e99f6f44bebc1e7 refs/heads/master
+24dbc180ea14dc1aebe09f14c8ecf32010690627 refs/heads/tutorial-2
+1e87486ae06626c2f31eaa63d26fc0fd646c8af2 refs/heads/tutorial-fixes
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+We can get just the branch-head names, and remove "master", with
+the help of the standard utilities cut and grep:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git show-ref --heads | cut -d' ' -f2 | grep -v '^refs/heads/master'
+refs/heads/core-tutorial
+refs/heads/maint
+refs/heads/tutorial-2
+refs/heads/tutorial-fixes
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+And then we can ask to see all the commits reachable from master
+but not from these other heads:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk master --not $( git show-ref --heads | cut -d' ' -f2 |
+				grep -v '^refs/heads/master' )
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Obviously, endless variations are possible; for example, to see all
+commits reachable from some head but not from any tag in the repository:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk $( git show-ref --heads ) --not  $( git show-ref --tags )
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+(See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] for explanations of commit-selecting
+syntax such as `--not`.)
+
+[[making-a-release]]
+Creating a changelog and tarball for a software release
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The linkgit:git-archive[1] command can create a tar or zip archive from
+any version of a project; for example:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git archive --format=tar --prefix=project/ HEAD | gzip >latest.tar.gz
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+will use HEAD to produce a tar archive in which each filename is
+preceded by "project/".
+
+If you're releasing a new version of a software project, you may want
+to simultaneously make a changelog to include in the release
+announcement.
+
+Linus Torvalds, for example, makes new kernel releases by tagging them,
+then running:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ release-script 2.6.12 2.6.13-rc6 2.6.13-rc7
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+where release-script is a shell script that looks like:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+#!/bin/sh
+stable="$1"
+last="$2"
+new="$3"
+echo "# git tag v$new"
+echo "git archive --prefix=linux-$new/ v$new | gzip -9 > ../linux-$new.tar.gz"
+echo "git diff v$stable v$new | gzip -9 > ../patch-$new.gz"
+echo "git log --no-merges v$new ^v$last > ../ChangeLog-$new"
+echo "git shortlog --no-merges v$new ^v$last > ../ShortLog"
+echo "git diff --stat --summary -M v$last v$new > ../diffstat-$new"
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+and then he just cut-and-pastes the output commands after verifying that
+they look OK.
+
+[[Finding-comments-With-given-Content]]
+Finding commits referencing a file with given content
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Somebody hands you a copy of a file, and asks which commits modified a
+file such that it contained the given content either before or after the
+commit.  You can find out with this:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$  git log --raw --abbrev=40 --pretty=oneline |
+	grep -B 1 `git hash-object filename`
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Figuring out why this works is left as an exercise to the (advanced)
+student.  The linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-diff-tree[1], and
+linkgit:git-hash-object[1] man pages may prove helpful.
 
+[[Developing-With-git]]
 Developing with git
 ===================
 
+[[telling-git-your-name]]
 Telling git your name
 ---------------------
 
 Before creating any commits, you should introduce yourself to git.  The
-easiest way to do so is:
+easiest way to do so is to make sure the following lines appear in a
+file named .gitconfig in your home directory:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ cat >~/.gitconfig <<\EOF
 [user]
 	name = Your Name Comes Here
 	email = you@yourdomain.example.com
-EOF
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-(See the "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of gitlink:git-config[1] for
+(See the "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1] for
 details on the configuration file.)
 
 
+[[creating-a-new-repository]]
 Creating a new repository
 -------------------------
 
@@ -1007,7 +1009,7 @@ $ git init
 If you have some initial content (say, a tarball):
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ tar -xzvf project.tar.gz
+$ tar xzvf project.tar.gz
 $ cd project
 $ git init
 $ git add . # include everything below ./ in the first commit:
@@ -1073,7 +1075,7 @@ shows the difference between the working tree and the index file.
 
 Note that "git add" always adds just the current contents of a file
 to the index; further changes to the same file will be ignored unless
-you run git-add on the file again.
+you run `git add` on the file again.
 
 When you're ready, just run
 
@@ -1089,7 +1091,7 @@ $ git show
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 As a special shortcut,
-		
+
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git commit -a
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1102,13 +1104,21 @@ about to commit:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git diff --cached # difference between HEAD and the index; what
-		    # would be commited if you ran "commit" now.
+		    # would be committed if you ran "commit" now.
 $ git diff	    # difference between the index file and your
 		    # working directory; changes that would not
 		    # be included if you ran "commit" now.
+$ git diff HEAD	    # difference between HEAD and working tree; what
+		    # would be committed if you ran "commit -a" now.
 $ git status	    # a brief per-file summary of the above.
 -------------------------------------------------
 
+You can also use linkgit:git-gui[1] to create commits, view changes in
+the index and the working tree files, and individually select diff hunks
+for inclusion in the index (by right-clicking on the diff hunk and
+choosing "Stage Hunk For Commit").
+
+[[creating-good-commit-messages]]
 Creating good commit messages
 -----------------------------
 
@@ -1119,11 +1129,54 @@ description.  Tools that turn commits into email, for example, use
 the first line on the Subject line and the rest of the commit in the
 body.
 
+[[ignoring-files]]
+Ignoring files
+--------------
+
+A project will often generate files that you do 'not' want to track with git.
+This typically includes files generated by a build process or temporary
+backup files made by your editor. Of course, 'not' tracking files with git
+is just a matter of 'not' calling `git add` on them. But it quickly becomes
+annoying to have these untracked files lying around; e.g. they make
+`git add .` practically useless, and they keep showing up in the output of
+`git status`.
+
+You can tell git to ignore certain files by creating a file called .gitignore
+in the top level of your working directory, with contents such as:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+# Lines starting with '#' are considered comments.
+# Ignore any file named foo.txt.
+foo.txt
+# Ignore (generated) html files,
+*.html
+# except foo.html which is maintained by hand.
+!foo.html
+# Ignore objects and archives.
+*.[oa]
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+See linkgit:gitignore[5] for a detailed explanation of the syntax.  You can
+also place .gitignore files in other directories in your working tree, and they
+will apply to those directories and their subdirectories.  The `.gitignore`
+files can be added to your repository like any other files (just run `git add
+.gitignore` and `git commit`, as usual), which is convenient when the exclude
+patterns (such as patterns matching build output files) would also make sense
+for other users who clone your repository.
+
+If you wish the exclude patterns to affect only certain repositories
+(instead of every repository for a given project), you may instead put
+them in a file in your repository named .git/info/exclude, or in any file
+specified by the `core.excludesfile` configuration variable.  Some git
+commands can also take exclude patterns directly on the command line.
+See linkgit:gitignore[5] for the details.
+
+[[how-to-merge]]
 How to merge
 ------------
 
 You can rejoin two diverging branches of development using
-gitlink:git-merge[1]:
+linkgit:git-merge[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git merge branchname
@@ -1151,8 +1204,6 @@ If you examine the resulting commit using gitk, you will see that it
 has two parents, one pointing to the top of the current branch, and
 one to the top of the other branch.
 
-In more detail:
-
 [[resolving-a-merge]]
 Resolving a merge
 -----------------
@@ -1162,7 +1213,7 @@ the working tree in a special state that gives you all the
 information you need to help resolve the merge.
 
 Files with conflicts are marked specially in the index, so until you
-resolve the problem and update the index, gitlink:git-commit[1] will
+resolve the problem and update the index, linkgit:git-commit[1] will
 fail:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1170,7 +1221,7 @@ $ git commit
 file.txt: needs merge
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Also, gitlink:git-status[1] will list those files as "unmerged", and the
+Also, linkgit:git-status[1] will list those files as "unmerged", and the
 files with conflicts will have conflict markers added, like this:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1196,11 +1247,12 @@ your own if desired.
 The above is all you need to know to resolve a simple merge.  But git
 also provides more information to help resolve conflicts:
 
+[[conflict-resolution]]
 Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 All of the changes that git was able to merge automatically are
-already added to the index file, so gitlink:git-diff[1] shows only
+already added to the index file, so linkgit:git-diff[1] shows only
 the conflicts.  It uses an unusual syntax:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1217,7 +1269,7 @@ index 802992c,2b60207..0000000
 ++>>>>>>> 77976da35a11db4580b80ae27e8d65caf5208086:file.txt
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Recall that the commit which will be commited after we resolve this
+Recall that the commit which will be committed after we resolve this
 conflict will have two parents instead of the usual one: one parent
 will be HEAD, the tip of the current branch; the other will be the
 tip of the other branch, which is stored temporarily in MERGE_HEAD.
@@ -1227,16 +1279,15 @@ these three "file stages" represents a different version of the file:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git show :1:file.txt	# the file in a common ancestor of both branches
-$ git show :2:file.txt	# the version from HEAD, but including any
-			# nonconflicting changes from MERGE_HEAD
-$ git show :3:file.txt	# the version from MERGE_HEAD, but including any
-			# nonconflicting changes from HEAD.
+$ git show :2:file.txt	# the version from HEAD.
+$ git show :3:file.txt	# the version from MERGE_HEAD.
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Since the stage 2 and stage 3 versions have already been updated with
-nonconflicting changes, the only remaining differences between them are
-the important ones; thus gitlink:git-diff[1] can use the information in
-the index to show only those conflicts.
+When you ask linkgit:git-diff[1] to show the conflicts, it runs a
+three-way diff between the conflicted merge results in the work tree with
+stages 2 and 3 to show only hunks whose contents come from both sides,
+mixed (in other words, when a hunk's merge results come only from stage 2,
+that part is not conflicting and is not shown.  Same for stage 3).
 
 The diff above shows the differences between the working-tree version of
 file.txt and the stage 2 and stage 3 versions.  So instead of preceding
@@ -1244,7 +1295,7 @@ each line by a single "+" or "-", it now uses two columns: the first
 column is used for differences between the first parent and the working
 directory copy, and the second for differences between the second parent
 and the working directory copy.  (See the "COMBINED DIFF FORMAT" section
-of gitlink:git-diff-files[1] for a details of the format.)
+of linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for a details of the format.)
 
 After resolving the conflict in the obvious way (but before updating the
 index), the diff will look like:
@@ -1277,7 +1328,7 @@ $ git diff -3 file.txt		# diff against stage 3
 $ git diff --theirs file.txt	# same as the above.
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-The gitlink:git-log[1] and gitk[1] commands also provide special help
+The linkgit:git-log[1] and linkgit:gitk[1] commands also provide special help
 for merges:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1288,6 +1339,9 @@ $ gitk --merge
 These will display all commits which exist only on HEAD or on
 MERGE_HEAD, and which touch an unmerged file.
 
+You may also use linkgit:git-mergetool[1], which lets you merge the
+unmerged files using external tools such as Emacs or kdiff3.
+
 Each time you resolve the conflicts in a file and update the index:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1295,7 +1349,7 @@ $ git add file.txt
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 the different stages of that file will be "collapsed", after which
-git-diff will (by default) no longer show diffs for that file.
+`git diff` will (by default) no longer show diffs for that file.
 
 [[undoing-a-merge]]
 Undoing a merge
@@ -1308,7 +1362,7 @@ away, you can always return to the pre-merge state with
 $ git reset --hard HEAD
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Or, if you've already commited the merge that you want to throw away,
+Or, if you've already committed the merge that you want to throw away,
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD
@@ -1319,6 +1373,7 @@ throw away a commit you have already committed if that commit may
 itself have been merged into another branch, as doing so may confuse
 further merges.
 
+[[fast-forwards]]
 Fast-forward merges
 -------------------
 
@@ -1327,13 +1382,13 @@ differently.  Normally, a merge results in a merge commit, with two
 parents, one pointing at each of the two lines of development that
 were merged.
 
-However, if one of the two lines of development is completely
-contained within the other--so every commit present in the one is
-already contained in the other--then git just performs a
-<<fast-forwards,fast forward>>; the head of the current branch is
-moved forward to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without
-any new commits being created.
+However, if the current branch is a descendant of the other--so every
+commit present in the one is already contained in the other--then git
+just performs a "fast forward"; the head of the current branch is moved
+forward to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without any new
+commits being created.
 
+[[fixing-mistakes]]
 Fixing mistakes
 ---------------
 
@@ -1349,7 +1404,7 @@ If you make a commit that you later wish you hadn't, there are two
 fundamentally different ways to fix the problem:
 
 	1. You can create a new commit that undoes whatever was done
-	by the previous commit.  This is the correct thing if your
+	by the old commit.  This is the correct thing if your
 	mistake has already been made public.
 
 	2. You can go back and modify the old commit.  You should
@@ -1358,11 +1413,12 @@ fundamentally different ways to fix the problem:
 	change, and cannot correctly perform repeated merges from
 	a branch that has had its history changed.
 
+[[reverting-a-commit]]
 Fixing a mistake with a new commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Creating a new commit that reverts an earlier change is very easy;
-just pass the gitlink:git-revert[1] command a reference to the bad
+just pass the linkgit:git-revert[1] command a reference to the bad
 commit; for example, to revert the most recent commit:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1384,13 +1440,13 @@ with the changes to be reverted, then you will be asked to fix
 conflicts manually, just as in the case of <<resolving-a-merge,
 resolving a merge>>.
 
-[[fixing-a-mistake-by-editing-history]]
-Fixing a mistake by editing history
+[[fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history]]
+Fixing a mistake by rewriting history
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If the problematic commit is the most recent commit, and you have not
 yet made that commit public, then you may just
-<<undoing-a-merge,destroy it using git-reset>>.
+<<undoing-a-merge,destroy it using `git reset`>>.
 
 Alternatively, you
 can edit the working directory and update the index to fix your
@@ -1405,19 +1461,20 @@ which will replace the old commit by a new commit incorporating your
 changes, giving you a chance to edit the old commit message first.
 
 Again, you should never do this to a commit that may already have
-been merged into another branch; use gitlink:git-revert[1] instead in
+been merged into another branch; use linkgit:git-revert[1] instead in
 that case.
 
-It is also possible to edit commits further back in the history, but
+It is also possible to replace commits further back in the history, but
 this is an advanced topic to be left for
 <<cleaning-up-history,another chapter>>.
 
+[[checkout-of-path]]
 Checking out an old version of a file
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 In the process of undoing a previous bad change, you may find it
 useful to check out an older version of a particular file using
-gitlink:git-checkout[1].  We've used git checkout before to switch
+linkgit:git-checkout[1].  We've used `git checkout` before to switch
 branches, but it has quite different behavior if it is given a path
 name: the command
 
@@ -1430,7 +1487,7 @@ also updates the index to match.  It does not change branches.
 
 If you just want to look at an old version of the file, without
 modifying the working directory, you can do that with
-gitlink:git-show[1]:
+linkgit:git-show[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git show HEAD^:path/to/file
@@ -1438,29 +1495,65 @@ $ git show HEAD^:path/to/file
 
 which will display the given version of the file.
 
+[[interrupted-work]]
+Temporarily setting aside work in progress
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+While you are in the middle of working on something complicated, you
+find an unrelated but obvious and trivial bug.  You would like to fix it
+before continuing.  You can use linkgit:git-stash[1] to save the current
+state of your work, and after fixing the bug (or, optionally after doing
+so on a different branch and then coming back), unstash the
+work-in-progress changes.
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git stash save "work in progress for foo feature"
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This command will save your changes away to the `stash`, and
+reset your working tree and the index to match the tip of your
+current branch.  Then you can make your fix as usual.
+
+------------------------------------------------
+... edit and test ...
+$ git commit -a -m "blorpl: typofix"
+------------------------------------------------
+
+After that, you can go back to what you were working on with
+`git stash pop`:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git stash pop
+------------------------------------------------
+
+
+[[ensuring-good-performance]]
 Ensuring good performance
 -------------------------
 
 On large repositories, git depends on compression to keep the history
-information from taking up to much space on disk or in memory.
+information from taking up too much space on disk or in memory.
 
 This compression is not performed automatically.  Therefore you
-should occasionally run gitlink:git-gc[1]:
+should occasionally run linkgit:git-gc[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git gc
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 to recompress the archive.  This can be very time-consuming, so
-you may prefer to run git-gc when you are not doing other work.
+you may prefer to run `git gc` when you are not doing other work.
+
 
+[[ensuring-reliability]]
 Ensuring reliability
 --------------------
 
+[[checking-for-corruption]]
 Checking the repository for corruption
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The gitlink:git-fsck[1] command runs a number of self-consistency checks
+The linkgit:git-fsck[1] command runs a number of self-consistency checks
 on the repository, and reports on any problems.  This may take some
 time.  The most common warning by far is about "dangling" objects:
 
@@ -1477,69 +1570,72 @@ dangling tree b24c2473f1fd3d91352a624795be026d64c8841f
 ...
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Dangling objects are objects that are harmless, but also unnecessary;
-you can remove them at any time with gitlink:git-prune[1] or the --prune
-option to gitlink:git-gc[1]:
-
--------------------------------------------------
-$ git gc --prune
--------------------------------------------------
-
-This may be time-consuming.  Unlike most other git operations (including
-git-gc when run without any options), it is not safe to prune while
-other git operations are in progress in the same repository.
-
-For more about dangling objects, see <<dangling-objects>>.
-
+Dangling objects are not a problem.  At worst they may take up a little
+extra disk space.  They can sometimes provide a last-resort method for
+recovering lost work--see <<dangling-objects>> for details.
 
+[[recovering-lost-changes]]
 Recovering lost changes
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+[[reflogs]]
 Reflogs
 ^^^^^^^
 
-Say you modify a branch with gitlink:git-reset[1] --hard, and then
+Say you modify a branch with `linkgit:git-reset[1] --hard`, and then
 realize that the branch was the only reference you had to that point in
 history.
 
 Fortunately, git also keeps a log, called a "reflog", of all the
 previous values of each branch.  So in this case you can still find the
-old history using, for example, 
+old history using, for example,
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git log master@{1}
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-This lists the commits reachable from the previous version of the head.
-This syntax can be used to with any git command that accepts a commit,
-not just with git log.  Some other examples:
+This lists the commits reachable from the previous version of the
+"master" branch head.  This syntax can be used with any git command
+that accepts a commit, not just with git log.  Some other examples:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git show master@{2}		# See where the branch pointed 2,
 $ git show master@{3}		# 3, ... changes ago.
 $ gitk master@{yesterday}	# See where it pointed yesterday,
 $ gitk master@{"1 week ago"}	# ... or last week
+$ git log --walk-reflogs master	# show reflog entries for master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
+A separate reflog is kept for the HEAD, so
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git show HEAD@{"1 week ago"}
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+will show what HEAD pointed to one week ago, not what the current branch
+pointed to one week ago.  This allows you to see the history of what
+you've checked out.
+
 The reflogs are kept by default for 30 days, after which they may be
-pruned.  See gitlink:git-reflog[1] and gitlink:git-gc[1] to learn
+pruned.  See linkgit:git-reflog[1] and linkgit:git-gc[1] to learn
 how to control this pruning, and see the "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
-section of gitlink:git-rev-parse[1] for details.
+section of linkgit:git-rev-parse[1] for details.
 
 Note that the reflog history is very different from normal git history.
 While normal history is shared by every repository that works on the
 same project, the reflog history is not shared: it tells you only about
 how the branches in your local repository have changed over time.
 
+[[dangling-object-recovery]]
 Examining dangling objects
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-In some situations the reflog may not be able to save you.  For
-example, suppose you delete a branch, then realize you need the history
-it contained.  The reflog is also deleted; however, if you have not
-yet pruned the repository, then you may still be able to find
-the lost commits; run git-fsck and watch for output that mentions
-"dangling commits":
+In some situations the reflog may not be able to save you.  For example,
+suppose you delete a branch, then realize you need the history it
+contained.  The reflog is also deleted; however, if you have not yet
+pruned the repository, then you may still be able to find the lost
+commits in the dangling objects that `git fsck` reports.  See
+<<dangling-objects>> for the details.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git fsck
@@ -1568,14 +1664,18 @@ If you decide you want the history back, you can always create a new
 reference pointing to it, for example, a new branch:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch recovered-branch 7281251ddd 
+$ git branch recovered-branch 7281251ddd
 ------------------------------------------------
 
+Other types of dangling objects (blobs and trees) are also possible, and
+dangling objects can arise in other situations.
 
+
+[[sharing-development]]
 Sharing development with others
 ===============================
 
-[[getting-updates-with-git-pull]]
+[[getting-updates-With-git-pull]]
 Getting updates with git pull
 -----------------------------
 
@@ -1583,8 +1683,8 @@ After you clone a repository and make a few changes of your own, you
 may wish to check the original repository for updates and merge them
 into your own work.
 
-We have already seen <<Updating-a-repository-with-git-fetch,how to
-keep remote tracking branches up to date>> with gitlink:git-fetch[1],
+We have already seen <<Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch,how to
+keep remote tracking branches up to date>> with linkgit:git-fetch[1],
 and how to merge two branches.  So you can merge in changes from the
 original repository's master branch with:
 
@@ -1593,24 +1693,26 @@ $ git fetch
 $ git merge origin/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-However, the gitlink:git-pull[1] command provides a way to do this in
+However, the linkgit:git-pull[1] command provides a way to do this in
 one step:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git pull origin master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In fact, "origin" is normally the default repository to pull from,
-and the default branch is normally the HEAD of the remote repository,
-so often you can accomplish the above with just
+In fact, if you have "master" checked out, then by default "git pull"
+merges from the HEAD branch of the origin repository.  So often you can
+accomplish the above with just a simple
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git pull
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-See the descriptions of the branch.<name>.remote and
-branch.<name>.merge options in gitlink:git-config[1] to learn
-how to control these defaults depending on the current branch.
+More generally, a branch that is created from a remote branch will pull
+by default from that branch.  See the descriptions of the
+branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options in
+linkgit:git-config[1], and the discussion of the `--track` option in
+linkgit:git-checkout[1], to learn how to control these defaults.
 
 In addition to saving you keystrokes, "git pull" also helps you by
 producing a default commit message documenting the branch and
@@ -1620,7 +1722,7 @@ repository that you pulled from.
 <<fast-forwards,fast forward>>; instead, your branch will just be
 updated to point to the latest commit from the upstream branch.)
 
-The git-pull command can also be given "." as the "remote" repository,
+The `git pull` command can also be given "." as the "remote" repository,
 in which case it just merges in a branch from the current repository; so
 the commands
 
@@ -1631,13 +1733,14 @@ $ git merge branch
 
 are roughly equivalent.  The former is actually very commonly used.
 
+[[submitting-patches]]
 Submitting patches to a project
 -------------------------------
 
 If you just have a few changes, the simplest way to submit them may
 just be to send them as patches in email:
 
-First, use gitlink:git-format-patch[1]; for example:
+First, use linkgit:git-format-patch[1]; for example:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git format-patch origin
@@ -1648,14 +1751,15 @@ for each patch in the current branch but not in origin/HEAD.
 
 You can then import these into your mail client and send them by
 hand.  However, if you have a lot to send at once, you may prefer to
-use the gitlink:git-send-email[1] script to automate the process.
+use the linkgit:git-send-email[1] script to automate the process.
 Consult the mailing list for your project first to determine how they
 prefer such patches be handled.
 
+[[importing-patches]]
 Importing patches to a project
 ------------------------------
 
-Git also provides a tool called gitlink:git-am[1] (am stands for
+Git also provides a tool called linkgit:git-am[1] (am stands for
 "apply mailbox"), for importing such an emailed series of patches.
 Just save all of the patch-containing messages, in order, into a
 single mailbox file, say "patches.mbox", then run
@@ -1684,31 +1788,40 @@ The final result will be a series of commits, one for each patch in
 the original mailbox, with authorship and commit log message each
 taken from the message containing each patch.
 
-[[setting-up-a-public-repository]]
-Setting up a public repository
-------------------------------
+[[public-repositories]]
+Public git repositories
+-----------------------
 
-Another way to submit changes to a project is to simply tell the
-maintainer of that project to pull from your repository, exactly as
-you did in the section "<<getting-updates-with-git-pull, Getting
-updates with git pull>>".
+Another way to submit changes to a project is to tell the maintainer
+of that project to pull the changes from your repository using
+linkgit:git-pull[1].  In the section "<<getting-updates-With-git-pull,
+Getting updates with `git pull`>>" we described this as a way to get
+updates from the "main" repository, but it works just as well in the
+other direction.
 
-If you and maintainer both have accounts on the same machine, then
-then you can just pull changes from each other's repositories
-directly; note that all of the commands (gitlink:git-clone[1],
-git-fetch[1], git-pull[1], etc.) that accept a URL as an argument
-will also accept a local directory name; so, for example, you can
-use
+If you and the maintainer both have accounts on the same machine, then
+you can just pull changes from each other's repositories directly;
+commands that accept repository URLs as arguments will also accept a
+local directory name:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git clone /path/to/repository
 $ git pull /path/to/other/repository
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-If this sort of setup is inconvenient or impossible, another (more
-common) option is to set up a public repository on a public server.
-This also allows you to cleanly separate private work in progress
-from publicly visible work.
+or an ssh URL:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git clone ssh://yourhost/~you/repository
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+For projects with few developers, or for synchronizing a few private
+repositories, this may be all you need.
+
+However, the more common way to do this is to maintain a separate public
+repository (usually on a different host) for others to pull changes
+from.  This is usually more convenient, and allows you to cleanly
+separate private work in progress from publicly visible work.
 
 You will continue to do your day-to-day work in your personal
 repository, but periodically "push" changes from your personal
@@ -1719,7 +1832,7 @@ like this:
 
                         you push
   your personal repo ------------------> your public repo
-  	^                                     |
+	^                                     |
 	|                                     |
 	| you pull                            | they pull
 	|                                     |
@@ -1727,32 +1840,54 @@ like this:
         |               they push             V
   their public repo <------------------- their repo
 
-Now, assume your personal repository is in the directory ~/proj.  We
-first create a new clone of the repository:
+We explain how to do this in the following sections.
+
+[[setting-up-a-public-repository]]
+Setting up a public repository
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Assume your personal repository is in the directory ~/proj.  We
+first create a new clone of the repository and tell `git daemon` that it
+is meant to be public:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git clone --bare proj-clone.git
+$ git clone --bare ~/proj proj.git
+$ touch proj.git/git-daemon-export-ok
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-The resulting directory proj-clone.git will contains a "bare" git
-repository--it is just the contents of the ".git" directory, without
-a checked-out copy of a working directory.
+The resulting directory proj.git contains a "bare" git repository--it is
+just the contents of the ".git" directory, without any files checked out
+around it.
 
-Next, copy proj-clone.git to the server where you plan to host the
+Next, copy proj.git to the server where you plan to host the
 public repository.  You can use scp, rsync, or whatever is most
 convenient.
 
-If somebody else maintains the public server, they may already have
-set up a git service for you, and you may skip to the section
+[[exporting-via-git]]
+Exporting a git repository via the git protocol
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This is the preferred method.
+
+If someone else administers the server, they should tell you what
+directory to put the repository in, and what git:// URL it will appear
+at.  You can then skip to the section
 "<<pushing-changes-to-a-public-repository,Pushing changes to a public
 repository>>", below.
 
-Otherwise, the following sections explain how to export your newly
-created public repository:
+Otherwise, all you need to do is start linkgit:git-daemon[1]; it will
+listen on port 9418.  By default, it will allow access to any directory
+that looks like a git directory and contains the magic file
+git-daemon-export-ok.  Passing some directory paths as `git daemon`
+arguments will further restrict the exports to those paths.
+
+You can also run `git daemon` as an inetd service; see the
+linkgit:git-daemon[1] man page for details.  (See especially the
+examples section.)
 
 [[exporting-via-http]]
 Exporting a git repository via http
------------------------------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The git protocol gives better performance and reliability, but on a
 host with a web server set up, http exports may be simpler to set up.
@@ -1764,16 +1899,15 @@ adjustments to give web clients some extra information they need:
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ mv proj.git /home/you/public_html/proj.git
 $ cd proj.git
-$ git update-server-info
-$ chmod a+x hooks/post-update
+$ git --bare update-server-info
+$ mv hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 (For an explanation of the last two lines, see
-gitlink:git-update-server-info[1], and the documentation
-link:hooks.txt[Hooks used by git].)
+linkgit:git-update-server-info[1] and linkgit:githooks[5].)
 
-Advertise the url of proj.git.  Anybody else should then be able to
-clone or pull from that url, for example with a commandline like:
+Advertise the URL of proj.git.  Anybody else should then be able to
+clone or pull from that URL, for example with a command line like:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git clone http://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git
@@ -1784,26 +1918,17 @@ link:howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt[setup-git-server-over-http]
 for a slightly more sophisticated setup using WebDAV which also
 allows pushing over http.)
 
-[[exporting-via-git]]
-Exporting a git repository via the git protocol
------------------------------------------------
-
-This is the preferred method.
-
-For now, we refer you to the gitlink:git-daemon[1] man page for
-instructions.  (See especially the examples section.)
-
 [[pushing-changes-to-a-public-repository]]
 Pushing changes to a public repository
---------------------------------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Note that the two techniques outline above (exporting via
+Note that the two techniques outlined above (exporting via
 <<exporting-via-http,http>> or <<exporting-via-git,git>>) allow other
 maintainers to fetch your latest changes, but they do not allow write
 access, which you will need to update the public repository with the
 latest changes created in your private repository.
 
-The simplest way to do this is using gitlink:git-push[1] and ssh; to
+The simplest way to do this is using linkgit:git-push[1] and ssh; to
 update the remote branch named "master" with the latest state of your
 branch named "master", run
 
@@ -1817,21 +1942,21 @@ or just
 $ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-As with git-fetch, git-push will complain if this does not result in
-a <<fast-forwards,fast forward>>.  Normally this is a sign of
-something wrong.  However, if you are sure you know what you're
-doing, you may force git-push to perform the update anyway by
-proceeding the branch name by a plus sign:
+As with `git fetch`, `git push` will complain if this does not result in a
+<<fast-forwards,fast forward>>; see the following section for details on
+handling this case.
 
--------------------------------------------------
-$ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git +master
--------------------------------------------------
+Note that the target of a "push" is normally a
+<<def_bare_repository,bare>> repository.  You can also push to a
+repository that has a checked-out working tree, but the working tree
+will not be updated by the push.  This may lead to unexpected results if
+the branch you push to is the currently checked-out branch!
 
-As with git-fetch, you may also set up configuration options to
+As with `git fetch`, you may also set up configuration options to
 save typing; so, for example, after
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ cat >.git/config <<EOF
+$ cat >>.git/config <<EOF
 [remote "public-repo"]
 	url = ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git
 EOF
@@ -1844,29 +1969,394 @@ $ git push public-repo master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 See the explanations of the remote.<name>.url, branch.<name>.remote,
-and remote.<name>.push options in gitlink:git-config[1] for
+and remote.<name>.push options in linkgit:git-config[1] for
 details.
 
+[[forcing-push]]
+What to do when a push fails
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If a push would not result in a <<fast-forwards,fast forward>> of the
+remote branch, then it will fail with an error like:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+error: remote 'refs/heads/master' is not an ancestor of
+ local  'refs/heads/master'.
+ Maybe you are not up-to-date and need to pull first?
+error: failed to push to 'ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git'
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+This can happen, for example, if you:
+
+	- use `git reset --hard` to remove already-published commits, or
+	- use `git commit --amend` to replace already-published commits
+	  (as in <<fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history>>), or
+	- use `git rebase` to rebase any already-published commits (as
+	  in <<using-git-rebase>>).
+
+You may force `git push` to perform the update anyway by preceding the
+branch name with a plus sign:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git +master
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Normally whenever a branch head in a public repository is modified, it
+is modified to point to a descendant of the commit that it pointed to
+before.  By forcing a push in this situation, you break that convention.
+(See <<problems-With-rewriting-history>>.)
+
+Nevertheless, this is a common practice for people that need a simple
+way to publish a work-in-progress patch series, and it is an acceptable
+compromise as long as you warn other developers that this is how you
+intend to manage the branch.
+
+It's also possible for a push to fail in this way when other people have
+the right to push to the same repository.  In that case, the correct
+solution is to retry the push after first updating your work: either by a
+pull, or by a fetch followed by a rebase; see the
+<<setting-up-a-shared-repository,next section>> and
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for more.
+
+[[setting-up-a-shared-repository]]
 Setting up a shared repository
-------------------------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Another way to collaborate is by using a model similar to that
 commonly used in CVS, where several developers with special rights
 all push to and pull from a single shared repository.  See
-link:cvs-migration.txt[git for CVS users] for instructions on how to
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for instructions on how to
 set this up.
 
-Allow web browsing of a repository
-----------------------------------
+However, while there is nothing wrong with git's support for shared
+repositories, this mode of operation is not generally recommended,
+simply because the mode of collaboration that git supports--by
+exchanging patches and pulling from public repositories--has so many
+advantages over the central shared repository:
+
+	- Git's ability to quickly import and merge patches allows a
+	  single maintainer to process incoming changes even at very
+	  high rates.  And when that becomes too much, `git pull` provides
+	  an easy way for that maintainer to delegate this job to other
+	  maintainers while still allowing optional review of incoming
+	  changes.
+	- Since every developer's repository has the same complete copy
+	  of the project history, no repository is special, and it is
+	  trivial for another developer to take over maintenance of a
+	  project, either by mutual agreement, or because a maintainer
+	  becomes unresponsive or difficult to work with.
+	- The lack of a central group of "committers" means there is
+	  less need for formal decisions about who is "in" and who is
+	  "out".
+
+[[setting-up-gitweb]]
+Allowing web browsing of a repository
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The gitweb cgi script provides users an easy way to browse your
 project's files and history without having to install git; see the file
 gitweb/INSTALL in the git source tree for instructions on setting it up.
 
+[[sharing-development-examples]]
 Examples
 --------
 
-TODO: topic branches, typical roles as in everyday.txt, ?
+[[maintaining-topic-branches]]
+Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This describes how Tony Luck uses git in his role as maintainer of the
+IA64 architecture for the Linux kernel.
+
+He uses two public branches:
+
+ - A "test" tree into which patches are initially placed so that they
+   can get some exposure when integrated with other ongoing development.
+   This tree is available to Andrew for pulling into -mm whenever he
+   wants.
+
+ - A "release" tree into which tested patches are moved for final sanity
+   checking, and as a vehicle to send them upstream to Linus (by sending
+   him a "please pull" request.)
+
+He also uses a set of temporary branches ("topic branches"), each
+containing a logical grouping of patches.
+
+To set this up, first create your work tree by cloning Linus's public
+tree:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git work
+$ cd work
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Linus's tree will be stored in the remote branch named origin/master,
+and can be updated using linkgit:git-fetch[1]; you can track other
+public trees using linkgit:git-remote[1] to set up a "remote" and
+linkgit:git-fetch[1] to keep them up-to-date; see
+<<repositories-and-branches>>.
+
+Now create the branches in which you are going to work; these start out
+at the current tip of origin/master branch, and should be set up (using
+the --track option to linkgit:git-branch[1]) to merge changes in from
+Linus by default.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch --track test origin/master
+$ git branch --track release origin/master
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+These can be easily kept up to date using linkgit:git-pull[1].
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout test && git pull
+$ git checkout release && git pull
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Important note!  If you have any local changes in these branches, then
+this merge will create a commit object in the history (with no local
+changes git will simply do a "Fast forward" merge).  Many people dislike
+the "noise" that this creates in the Linux history, so you should avoid
+doing this capriciously in the "release" branch, as these noisy commits
+will become part of the permanent history when you ask Linus to pull
+from the release branch.
+
+A few configuration variables (see linkgit:git-config[1]) can
+make it easy to push both branches to your public tree.  (See
+<<setting-up-a-public-repository>>.)
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ cat >> .git/config <<EOF
+[remote "mytree"]
+	url =  master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux-2.6.git
+	push = release
+	push = test
+EOF
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Then you can push both the test and release trees using
+linkgit:git-push[1]:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git push mytree
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+or push just one of the test and release branches using:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git push mytree test
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+or
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git push mytree release
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Now to apply some patches from the community.  Think of a short
+snappy name for a branch to hold this patch (or related group of
+patches), and create a new branch from the current tip of Linus's
+branch:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout -b speed-up-spinlocks origin
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Now you apply the patch(es), run some tests, and commit the change(s).  If
+the patch is a multi-part series, then you should apply each as a separate
+commit to this branch.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ ... patch ... test  ... commit [ ... patch ... test ... commit ]*
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+When you are happy with the state of this change, you can pull it into the
+"test" branch in preparation to make it public:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout test && git pull . speed-up-spinlocks
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+It is unlikely that you would have any conflicts here ... but you might if you
+spent a while on this step and had also pulled new versions from upstream.
+
+Some time later when enough time has passed and testing done, you can pull the
+same branch into the "release" tree ready to go upstream.  This is where you
+see the value of keeping each patch (or patch series) in its own branch.  It
+means that the patches can be moved into the "release" tree in any order.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout release && git pull . speed-up-spinlocks
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+After a while, you will have a number of branches, and despite the
+well chosen names you picked for each of them, you may forget what
+they are for, or what status they are in.  To get a reminder of what
+changes are in a specific branch, use:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log linux..branchname | git shortlog
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+To see whether it has already been merged into the test or release branches,
+use:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log test..branchname
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+or
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log release..branchname
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+(If this branch has not yet been merged, you will see some log entries.
+If it has been merged, then there will be no output.)
+
+Once a patch completes the great cycle (moving from test to release,
+then pulled by Linus, and finally coming back into your local
+"origin/master" branch), the branch for this change is no longer needed.
+You detect this when the output from:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log origin..branchname
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+is empty.  At this point the branch can be deleted:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch -d branchname
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Some changes are so trivial that it is not necessary to create a separate
+branch and then merge into each of the test and release branches.  For
+these changes, just apply directly to the "release" branch, and then
+merge that into the "test" branch.
+
+To create diffstat and shortlog summaries of changes to include in a "please
+pull" request to Linus you can use:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git diff --stat origin..release
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+and
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log -p origin..release | git shortlog
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Here are some of the scripts that simplify all this even further.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+==== update script ====
+# Update a branch in my GIT tree.  If the branch to be updated
+# is origin, then pull from kernel.org.  Otherwise merge
+# origin/master branch into test|release branch
+
+case "$1" in
+test|release)
+	git checkout $1 && git pull . origin
+	;;
+origin)
+	before=$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master)
+	git fetch origin
+	after=$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master)
+	if [ $before != $after ]
+	then
+		git log $before..$after | git shortlog
+	fi
+	;;
+*)
+	echo "Usage: $0 origin|test|release" 1>&2
+	exit 1
+	;;
+esac
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+==== merge script ====
+# Merge a branch into either the test or release branch
+
+pname=$0
+
+usage()
+{
+	echo "Usage: $pname branch test|release" 1>&2
+	exit 1
+}
+
+git show-ref -q --verify -- refs/heads/"$1" || {
+	echo "Can't see branch <$1>" 1>&2
+	usage
+}
+
+case "$2" in
+test|release)
+	if [ $(git log $2..$1 | wc -c) -eq 0 ]
+	then
+		echo $1 already merged into $2 1>&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	git checkout $2 && git pull . $1
+	;;
+*)
+	usage
+	;;
+esac
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+==== status script ====
+# report on status of my ia64 GIT tree
+
+gb=$(tput setab 2)
+rb=$(tput setab 1)
+restore=$(tput setab 9)
+
+if [ `git rev-list test..release | wc -c` -gt 0 ]
+then
+	echo $rb Warning: commits in release that are not in test $restore
+	git log test..release
+fi
+
+for branch in `git show-ref --heads | sed 's|^.*/||'`
+do
+	if [ $branch = test -o $branch = release ]
+	then
+		continue
+	fi
+
+	echo -n $gb ======= $branch ====== $restore " "
+	status=
+	for ref in test release origin/master
+	do
+		if [ `git rev-list $ref..$branch | wc -c` -gt 0 ]
+		then
+			status=$status${ref:0:1}
+		fi
+	done
+	case $status in
+	trl)
+		echo $rb Need to pull into test $restore
+		;;
+	rl)
+		echo "In test"
+		;;
+	l)
+		echo "Waiting for linus"
+		;;
+	"")
+		echo $rb All done $restore
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo $rb "<$status>" $restore
+		;;
+	esac
+	git log origin/master..$branch | git shortlog
+done
+-------------------------------------------------
 
 
 [[cleaning-up-history]]
@@ -1880,6 +2370,7 @@ cause git's merge machinery (for example) to do the wrong thing.
 However, there is a situation in which it can be useful to violate this
 assumption.
 
+[[patch-series]]
 Creating the perfect patch series
 ---------------------------------
 
@@ -1912,7 +2403,8 @@ We will introduce some tools that can help you do this, explain how to
 use them, and then explain some of the problems that can arise because
 you are rewriting history.
 
-Keeping a patch series up to date using git-rebase
+[[using-git-rebase]]
+Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 Suppose that you create a branch "mywork" on a remote-tracking branch
@@ -1953,10 +2445,10 @@ the result would create a new merge commit, like this:
         \        \
          a--b--c--m <-- mywork
 ................................................
- 
+
 However, if you prefer to keep the history in mywork a simple series of
 commits without any merges, you may instead choose to use
-gitlink:git-rebase[1]:
+linkgit:git-rebase[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout mywork
@@ -1964,7 +2456,7 @@ $ git rebase origin
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 This will remove each of your commits from mywork, temporarily saving
-them as patches (in a directory named ".dotest"), update mywork to
+them as patches (in a directory named ".git/rebase-apply"), update mywork to
 point at the latest version of origin, then apply each of the saved
 patches to the new mywork.  The result will look like:
 
@@ -1976,9 +2468,9 @@ patches to the new mywork.  The result will look like:
 ................................................
 
 In the process, it may discover conflicts.  In that case it will stop
-and allow you to fix the conflicts; after fixing conflicts, use "git
-add" to update the index with those contents, and then, instead of
-running git-commit, just run
+and allow you to fix the conflicts; after fixing conflicts, use `git add`
+to update the index with those contents, and then, instead of
+running `git commit`, just run
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git rebase --continue
@@ -1986,17 +2478,18 @@ $ git rebase --continue
 
 and git will continue applying the rest of the patches.
 
-At any point you may use the --abort option to abort this process and
+At any point you may use the `--abort` option to abort this process and
 return mywork to the state it had before you started the rebase:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git rebase --abort
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Modifying a single commit
+[[rewriting-one-commit]]
+Rewriting a single commit
 -------------------------
 
-We saw in <<fixing-a-mistake-by-editing-history>> that you can replace the
+We saw in <<fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history>> that you can replace the
 most recent commit using
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2006,31 +2499,33 @@ $ git commit --amend
 which will replace the old commit by a new commit incorporating your
 changes, giving you a chance to edit the old commit message first.
 
-You can also use a combination of this and gitlink:git-rebase[1] to edit
-commits further back in your history.  First, tag the problematic commit with
+You can also use a combination of this and linkgit:git-rebase[1] to
+replace a commit further back in your history and recreate the
+intervening changes on top of it.  First, tag the problematic commit
+with
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git tag bad mywork~5
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-(Either gitk or git-log may be useful for finding the commit.)
+(Either gitk or `git log` may be useful for finding the commit.)
 
-Then check out a new branch at that commit, edit it, and rebase the rest of
-the series on top of it:
+Then check out that commit, edit it, and rebase the rest of the series
+on top of it (note that we could check out the commit on a temporary
+branch, but instead we're using a <<detached-head,detached head>>):
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git checkout -b TMP bad
+$ git checkout bad
 $ # make changes here and update the index
 $ git commit --amend
-$ git rebase --onto TMP bad mywork
+$ git rebase --onto HEAD bad mywork
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-When you're done, you'll be left with mywork checked out, with the top patches
-on mywork reapplied on top of the modified commit you created in TMP.  You can
+When you're done, you'll be left with mywork checked out, with the top
+patches on mywork reapplied on top of your modified commit.  You can
 then clean up with
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch -d TMP
 $ git tag -d bad
 -------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -2038,10 +2533,11 @@ Note that the immutable nature of git history means that you haven't really
 "modified" existing commits; instead, you have replaced the old commits with
 new commits having new object names.
 
+[[reordering-patch-series]]
 Reordering or selecting from a patch series
 -------------------------------------------
 
-Given one existing commit, the gitlink:git-cherry-pick[1] command
+Given one existing commit, the linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1] command
 allows you to apply the change introduced by that commit and create a
 new commit that records it.  So, for example, if "mywork" points to a
 series of patches on top of "origin", you might do something like:
@@ -2051,12 +2547,14 @@ $ git checkout -b mywork-new origin
 $ gitk origin..mywork &
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-And browse through the list of patches in the mywork branch using gitk,
+and browse through the list of patches in the mywork branch using gitk,
 applying them (possibly in a different order) to mywork-new using
-cherry-pick, and possibly modifying them as you go using commit
---amend.
+cherry-pick, and possibly modifying them as you go using `git commit --amend`.
+The linkgit:git-gui[1] command may also help as it allows you to
+individually select diff hunks for inclusion in the index (by
+right-clicking on the diff hunk and choosing "Stage Hunk for Commit").
 
-Another technique is to use git-format-patch to create a series of
+Another technique is to use `git format-patch` to create a series of
 patches, then reset the state to before the patches:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2065,15 +2563,17 @@ $ git reset --hard origin
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Then modify, reorder, or eliminate patches as preferred before applying
-them again with gitlink:git-am[1].
+them again with linkgit:git-am[1].
 
+[[patch-series-tools]]
 Other tools
 -----------
 
-There are numerous other tools, such as stgit, which exist for the
+There are numerous other tools, such as StGIT, which exist for the
 purpose of maintaining a patch series.  These are outside of the scope of
 this manual.
 
+[[problems-With-rewriting-history]]
 Problems with rewriting history
 -------------------------------
 
@@ -2122,13 +2622,81 @@ branches into their own work.
 For true distributed development that supports proper merging,
 published branches should never be rewritten.
 
+[[bisect-merges]]
+Why bisecting merge commits can be harder than bisecting linear history
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The linkgit:git-bisect[1] command correctly handles history that
+includes merge commits.  However, when the commit that it finds is a
+merge commit, the user may need to work harder than usual to figure out
+why that commit introduced a problem.
+
+Imagine this history:
+
+................................................
+      ---Z---o---X---...---o---A---C---D
+          \                       /
+           o---o---Y---...---o---B
+................................................
+
+Suppose that on the upper line of development, the meaning of one
+of the functions that exists at Z is changed at commit X.  The
+commits from Z leading to A change both the function's
+implementation and all calling sites that exist at Z, as well
+as new calling sites they add, to be consistent.  There is no
+bug at A.
+
+Suppose that in the meantime on the lower line of development somebody
+adds a new calling site for that function at commit Y.  The
+commits from Z leading to B all assume the old semantics of that
+function and the callers and the callee are consistent with each
+other.  There is no bug at B, either.
+
+Suppose further that the two development lines merge cleanly at C,
+so no conflict resolution is required.
+
+Nevertheless, the code at C is broken, because the callers added
+on the lower line of development have not been converted to the new
+semantics introduced on the upper line of development.  So if all
+you know is that D is bad, that Z is good, and that
+linkgit:git-bisect[1] identifies C as the culprit, how will you
+figure out that the problem is due to this change in semantics?
+
+When the result of a `git bisect` is a non-merge commit, you should
+normally be able to discover the problem by examining just that commit.
+Developers can make this easy by breaking their changes into small
+self-contained commits.  That won't help in the case above, however,
+because the problem isn't obvious from examination of any single
+commit; instead, a global view of the development is required.  To
+make matters worse, the change in semantics in the problematic
+function may be just one small part of the changes in the upper
+line of development.
+
+On the other hand, if instead of merging at C you had rebased the
+history between Z to B on top of A, you would have gotten this
+linear history:
+
+................................................................
+    ---Z---o---X--...---o---A---o---o---Y*--...---o---B*--D*
+................................................................
+
+Bisecting between Z and D* would hit a single culprit commit Y*,
+and understanding why Y* was broken would probably be easier.
+
+Partly for this reason, many experienced git users, even when
+working on an otherwise merge-heavy project, keep the history
+linear by rebasing against the latest upstream version before
+publishing.
+
+[[advanced-branch-management]]
 Advanced branch management
 ==========================
 
+[[fetching-individual-branches]]
 Fetching individual branches
 ----------------------------
 
-Instead of using gitlink:git-remote[1], you can also choose just
+Instead of using linkgit:git-remote[1], you can also choose just
 to update one branch at a time, and to store it locally under an
 arbitrary name:
 
@@ -2150,18 +2718,18 @@ $ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git master:example-master
 will create a new branch named "example-master" and store in it the
 branch named "master" from the repository at the given URL.  If you
 already have a branch named example-master, it will attempt to
-"fast-forward" to the commit given by example.com's master branch.  So
-next we explain what a fast-forward is:
+<<fast-forwards,fast-forward>> to the commit given by example.com's
+master branch.  In more detail:
 
-[[fast-forwards]]
-Understanding git history: fast-forwards
-----------------------------------------
+[[fetch-fast-forwards]]
+git fetch and fast-forwards
+---------------------------
 
-In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, "git
-fetch" checks to make sure that the most recent commit on the remote
+In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, "git fetch"
+checks to make sure that the most recent commit on the remote
 branch is a descendant of the most recent commit on your copy of the
 branch before updating your copy of the branch to point at the new
-commit.  Git calls this process a "fast forward".
+commit.  Git calls this process a <<fast-forwards,fast forward>>.
 
 A fast forward looks something like this:
 
@@ -2191,6 +2759,7 @@ situation above this may mean losing the commits labeled "a" and "b",
 unless you've already created a reference of your own pointing to
 them.
 
+[[forcing-fetch]]
 Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates
 ------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -2201,17 +2770,24 @@ descendant of the old head, you may force the update with:
 $ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git +master:refs/remotes/example/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Note the addition of the "+" sign.  Be aware that commits that the
-old version of example/master pointed at may be lost, as we saw in
-the previous section.
+Note the addition of the "+" sign.  Alternatively, you can use the "-f"
+flag to force updates of all the fetched branches, as in:
 
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch -f origin
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Be aware that commits that the old version of example/master pointed at
+may be lost, as we saw in the previous section.
+
+[[remote-branch-configuration]]
 Configuring remote branches
 ---------------------------
 
 We saw above that "origin" is just a shortcut to refer to the
 repository that you originally cloned from.  This information is
 stored in git configuration variables, which you can see using
-gitlink:git-config[1]:
+linkgit:git-config[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git config -l
@@ -2248,9 +2824,8 @@ $ git config remote.example.fetch master:refs/remotes/example/master
 then the following commands will all do the same thing:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git master:ref/remotes/example/master
-$ git fetch example master:ref/remotes/example/master
-$ git fetch example example/master
+$ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git master:refs/remotes/example/master
+$ git fetch example master:refs/remotes/example/master
 $ git fetch example
 -------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -2261,193 +2836,211 @@ $ git config remote.example.fetch +master:ref/remotes/example/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Don't do this unless you're sure you won't mind "git fetch" possibly
-throwing away commits on mybranch.
+throwing away commits on 'example/master'.
 
 Also note that all of the above configuration can be performed by
 directly editing the file .git/config instead of using
-gitlink:git-config[1].
+linkgit:git-config[1].
 
-See gitlink:git-config[1] for more details on the configuration
+See linkgit:git-config[1] for more details on the configuration
 options mentioned above.
 
 
-[[git-internals]]
-Git internals
-=============
+[[git-concepts]]
+Git concepts
+============
+
+Git is built on a small number of simple but powerful ideas.  While it
+is possible to get things done without understanding them, you will find
+git much more intuitive if you do.
 
-There are two object abstractions: the "object database", and the
-"current directory cache" aka "index".
+We start with the most important, the  <<def_object_database,object
+database>> and the <<def_index,index>>.
 
+[[the-object-database]]
 The Object Database
 -------------------
 
-The object database is literally just a content-addressable collection
-of objects.  All objects are named by their content, which is
-approximated by the SHA1 hash of the object itself.  Objects may refer
-to other objects (by referencing their SHA1 hash), and so you can
-build up a hierarchy of objects.
 
-All objects have a statically determined "type" aka "tag", which is
-determined at object creation time, and which identifies the format of
-the object (i.e. how it is used, and how it can refer to other
-objects).  There are currently four different object types: "blob",
-"tree", "commit" and "tag".
-
-A "blob" object cannot refer to any other object, and is, like the type
-implies, a pure storage object containing some user data.  It is used to
-actually store the file data, i.e. a blob object is associated with some
-particular version of some file. 
-
-A "tree" object is an object that ties one or more "blob" objects into a
-directory structure. In addition, a tree object can refer to other tree
-objects, thus creating a directory hierarchy. 
-
-A "commit" object ties such directory hierarchies together into
-a DAG of revisions - each "commit" is associated with exactly one tree
-(the directory hierarchy at the time of the commit). In addition, a
-"commit" refers to one or more "parent" commit objects that describe the
-history of how we arrived at that directory hierarchy.
-
-As a special case, a commit object with no parents is called the "root"
-object, and is the point of an initial project commit.  Each project
-must have at least one root, and while you can tie several different
-root objects together into one project by creating a commit object which
-has two or more separate roots as its ultimate parents, that's probably
-just going to confuse people.  So aim for the notion of "one root object
-per project", even if git itself does not enforce that. 
-
-A "tag" object symbolically identifies and can be used to sign other
-objects. It contains the identifier and type of another object, a
-symbolic name (of course!) and, optionally, a signature.
+We already saw in <<understanding-commits>> that all commits are stored
+under a 40-digit "object name".  In fact, all the information needed to
+represent the history of a project is stored in objects with such names.
+In each case the name is calculated by taking the SHA-1 hash of the
+contents of the object.  The SHA-1 hash is a cryptographic hash function.
+What that means to us is that it is impossible to find two different
+objects with the same name.  This has a number of advantages; among
+others:
+
+- Git can quickly determine whether two objects are identical or not,
+  just by comparing names.
+- Since object names are computed the same way in every repository, the
+  same content stored in two repositories will always be stored under
+  the same name.
+- Git can detect errors when it reads an object, by checking that the
+  object's name is still the SHA-1 hash of its contents.
+
+(See <<object-details>> for the details of the object formatting and
+SHA-1 calculation.)
+
+There are four different types of objects: "blob", "tree", "commit", and
+"tag".
+
+- A <<def_blob_object,"blob" object>> is used to store file data.
+- A <<def_tree_object,"tree" object>> ties one or more
+  "blob" objects into a directory structure. In addition, a tree object
+  can refer to other tree objects, thus creating a directory hierarchy.
+- A <<def_commit_object,"commit" object>> ties such directory hierarchies
+  together into a <<def_DAG,directed acyclic graph>> of revisions--each
+  commit contains the object name of exactly one tree designating the
+  directory hierarchy at the time of the commit. In addition, a commit
+  refers to "parent" commit objects that describe the history of how we
+  arrived at that directory hierarchy.
+- A <<def_tag_object,"tag" object>> symbolically identifies and can be
+  used to sign other objects. It contains the object name and type of
+  another object, a symbolic name (of course!) and, optionally, a
+  signature.
 
-Regardless of object type, all objects share the following
-characteristics: they are all deflated with zlib, and have a header
-that not only specifies their type, but also provides size information
-about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA1 hash
-that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
-plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
-for 'file'.
-(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
-was the sha1 of the 'compressed' object.)
+The object types in some more detail:
 
-As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
-independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
-be validated by verifying that (a) their hashes match the content of the
-file and (b) the object successfully inflates to a stream of bytes that
-forms a sequence of <ascii type without space> + <space> + <ascii decimal
-size> + <byte\0> + <binary object data>. 
+[[commit-object]]
+Commit Object
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The structured objects can further have their structure and
-connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
-the `git-fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
-of all objects, and verifies their internal consistency (in addition
-to just verifying their superficial consistency through the hash).
+The "commit" object links a physical state of a tree with a description
+of how we got there and why.  Use the --pretty=raw option to
+linkgit:git-show[1] or linkgit:git-log[1] to examine your favorite
+commit:
 
-The object types in some more detail:
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git show -s --pretty=raw 2be7fcb476
+commit 2be7fcb4764f2dbcee52635b91fedb1b3dcf7ab4
+tree fb3a8bdd0ceddd019615af4d57a53f43d8cee2bf
+parent 257a84d9d02e90447b149af58b271c19405edb6a
+author Dave Watson <dwatson@mimvista.com> 1187576872 -0400
+committer Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> 1187591163 -0700
 
-Blob Object
------------
+    Fix misspelling of 'suppress' in docs
 
-A "blob" object is nothing but a binary blob of data, and doesn't
-refer to anything else.  There is no signature or any other
-verification of the data, so while the object is consistent (it 'is'
-indexed by its sha1 hash, so the data itself is certainly correct), it
-has absolutely no other attributes.  No name associations, no
-permissions.  It is purely a blob of data (i.e. normally "file
-contents").
+    Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+------------------------------------------------
 
-In particular, since the blob is entirely defined by its data, if two
-files in a directory tree (or in multiple different versions of the
-repository) have the same contents, they will share the same blob
-object. The object is totally independent of its location in the
-directory tree, and renaming a file does not change the object that
-file is associated with in any way.
+As you can see, a commit is defined by:
+
+- a tree: The SHA-1 name of a tree object (as defined below), representing
+  the contents of a directory at a certain point in time.
+- parent(s): The SHA-1 name of some number of commits which represent the
+  immediately previous step(s) in the history of the project.  The
+  example above has one parent; merge commits may have more than
+  one.  A commit with no parents is called a "root" commit, and
+  represents the initial revision of a project.  Each project must have
+  at least one root.  A project can also have multiple roots, though
+  that isn't common (or necessarily a good idea).
+- an author: The name of the person responsible for this change, together
+  with its date.
+- a committer: The name of the person who actually created the commit,
+  with the date it was done.  This may be different from the author, for
+  example, if the author was someone who wrote a patch and emailed it
+  to the person who used it to create the commit.
+- a comment describing this commit.
+
+Note that a commit does not itself contain any information about what
+actually changed; all changes are calculated by comparing the contents
+of the tree referred to by this commit with the trees associated with
+its parents.  In particular, git does not attempt to record file renames
+explicitly, though it can identify cases where the existence of the same
+file data at changing paths suggests a rename.  (See, for example, the
+-M option to linkgit:git-diff[1]).
+
+A commit is usually created by linkgit:git-commit[1], which creates a
+commit whose parent is normally the current HEAD, and whose tree is
+taken from the content currently stored in the index.
+
+[[tree-object]]
+Tree Object
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-A blob is typically created when gitlink:git-update-index[1]
-is run, and its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
+The ever-versatile linkgit:git-show[1] command can also be used to
+examine tree objects, but linkgit:git-ls-tree[1] will give you more
+details:
 
-Tree Object
------------
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git ls-tree fb3a8bdd0ce
+100644 blob 63c918c667fa005ff12ad89437f2fdc80926e21c    .gitignore
+100644 blob 5529b198e8d14decbe4ad99db3f7fb632de0439d    .mailmap
+100644 blob 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3    COPYING
+040000 tree 2fb783e477100ce076f6bf57e4a6f026013dc745    Documentation
+100755 blob 3c0032cec592a765692234f1cba47dfdcc3a9200    GIT-VERSION-GEN
+100644 blob 289b046a443c0647624607d471289b2c7dcd470b    INSTALL
+100644 blob 4eb463797adc693dc168b926b6932ff53f17d0b1    Makefile
+100644 blob 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52    README
+...
+------------------------------------------------
 
-The next hierarchical object type is the "tree" object.  A tree object
-is a list of mode/name/blob data, sorted by name.  Alternatively, the
-mode data may specify a directory mode, in which case instead of
-naming a blob, that name is associated with another TREE object.
-
-Like the "blob" object, a tree object is uniquely determined by the
-set contents, and so two separate but identical trees will always
-share the exact same object. This is true at all levels, i.e. it's
-true for a "leaf" tree (which does not refer to any other trees, only
-blobs) as well as for a whole subdirectory.
-
-For that reason a "tree" object is just a pure data abstraction: it
-has no history, no signatures, no verification of validity, except
-that since the contents are again protected by the hash itself, we can
-trust that the tree is immutable and its contents never change.
-
-So you can trust the contents of a tree to be valid, the same way you
-can trust the contents of a blob, but you don't know where those
-contents 'came' from.
-
-Side note on trees: since a "tree" object is a sorted list of
-"filename+content", you can create a diff between two trees without
-actually having to unpack two trees.  Just ignore all common parts,
-and your diff will look right.  In other words, you can effectively
-(and efficiently) tell the difference between any two random trees by
-O(n) where "n" is the size of the difference, rather than the size of
-the tree.
-
-Side note 2 on trees: since the name of a "blob" depends entirely and
-exclusively on its contents (i.e. there are no names or permissions
-involved), you can see trivial renames or permission changes by
-noticing that the blob stayed the same.  However, renames with data
-changes need a smarter "diff" implementation.
-
-A tree is created with gitlink:git-write-tree[1] and
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-ls-tree[1].
-Two trees can be compared with gitlink:git-diff-tree[1].
+As you can see, a tree object contains a list of entries, each with a
+mode, object type, SHA-1 name, and name, sorted by name.  It represents
+the contents of a single directory tree.
 
-Commit Object
--------------
+The object type may be a blob, representing the contents of a file, or
+another tree, representing the contents of a subdirectory.  Since trees
+and blobs, like all other objects, are named by the SHA-1 hash of their
+contents, two trees have the same SHA-1 name if and only if their
+contents (including, recursively, the contents of all subdirectories)
+are identical.  This allows git to quickly determine the differences
+between two related tree objects, since it can ignore any entries with
+identical object names.
+
+(Note: in the presence of submodules, trees may also have commits as
+entries.  See <<submodules>> for documentation.)
+
+Note that the files all have mode 644 or 755: git actually only pays
+attention to the executable bit.
 
-The "commit" object is an object that introduces the notion of
-history into the picture.  In contrast to the other objects, it
-doesn't just describe the physical state of a tree, it describes how
-we got there, and why.
-
-A "commit" is defined by the tree-object that it results in, the
-parent commits (zero, one or more) that led up to that point, and a
-comment on what happened.  Again, a commit is not trusted per se:
-the contents are well-defined and "safe" due to the cryptographically
-strong signatures at all levels, but there is no reason to believe
-that the tree is "good" or that the merge information makes sense.
-The parents do not have to actually have any relationship with the
-result, for example.
-
-Note on commits: unlike real SCM's, commits do not contain
-rename information or file mode change information.  All of that is
-implicit in the trees involved (the result tree, and the result trees
-of the parents), and describing that makes no sense in this idiotic
-file manager.
-
-A commit is created with gitlink:git-commit-tree[1] and
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
+[[blob-object]]
+Blob Object
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can use linkgit:git-show[1] to examine the contents of a blob; take,
+for example, the blob in the entry for "COPYING" from the tree above:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git show 6ff87c4664
 
+ Note that the only valid version of the GPL as far as this project
+ is concerned is _this_ particular version of the license (ie v2, not
+ v2.2 or v3.x or whatever), unless explicitly otherwise stated.
+...
+------------------------------------------------
+
+A "blob" object is nothing but a binary blob of data.  It doesn't refer
+to anything else or have attributes of any kind.
+
+Since the blob is entirely defined by its data, if two files in a
+directory tree (or in multiple different versions of the repository)
+have the same contents, they will share the same blob object. The object
+is totally independent of its location in the directory tree, and
+renaming a file does not change the object that file is associated with.
+
+Note that any tree or blob object can be examined using
+linkgit:git-show[1] with the <revision>:<path> syntax.  This can
+sometimes be useful for browsing the contents of a tree that is not
+currently checked out.
+
+[[trust]]
 Trust
------
+~~~~~
 
-An aside on the notion of "trust". Trust is really outside the scope
-of "git", but it's worth noting a few things.  First off, since
-everything is hashed with SHA1, you 'can' trust that an object is
-intact and has not been messed with by external sources.  So the name
-of an object uniquely identifies a known state - just not a state that
-you may want to trust.
+If you receive the SHA-1 name of a blob from one source, and its contents
+from another (possibly untrusted) source, you can still trust that those
+contents are correct as long as the SHA-1 name agrees.  This is because
+the SHA-1 is designed so that it is infeasible to find different contents
+that produce the same hash.
 
-Furthermore, since the SHA1 signature of a commit refers to the
-SHA1 signatures of the tree it is associated with and the signatures
-of the parent, a single named commit specifies uniquely a whole set
-of history, with full contents.  You can't later fake any step of the
-way once you have the name of a commit.
+Similarly, you need only trust the SHA-1 name of a top-level tree object
+to trust the contents of the entire directory that it refers to, and if
+you receive the SHA-1 name of a commit from a trusted source, then you
+can easily verify the entire history of commits reachable through
+parents of that commit, and all of those contents of the trees referred
+to by those commits.
 
 So to introduce some real trust in the system, the only thing you need
 to do is to digitally sign just 'one' special note, which includes the
@@ -2456,107 +3049,659 @@ that you trust that commit, and the immutability of the history of
 commits tells others that they can trust the whole history.
 
 In other words, you can easily validate a whole archive by just
-sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA1 hash)
+sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA-1 hash)
 of the top commit, and digitally sign that email using something
 like GPG/PGP.
 
 To assist in this, git also provides the tag object...
 
+[[tag-object]]
 Tag Object
-----------
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A tag object contains an object, object type, tag name, the name of the
+person ("tagger") who created the tag, and a message, which may contain
+a signature, as can be seen using linkgit:git-cat-file[1]:
 
-Git provides the "tag" object to simplify creating, managing and
-exchanging symbolic and signed tokens.  The "tag" object at its
-simplest simply symbolically identifies another object by containing
-the sha1, type and symbolic name.
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git cat-file tag v1.5.0
+object 437b1b20df4b356c9342dac8d38849f24ef44f27
+type commit
+tag v1.5.0
+tagger Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> 1171411200 +0000
+
+GIT 1.5.0
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+Version: GnuPG v1.4.6 (GNU/Linux)
+
+iD8DBQBF0lGqwMbZpPMRm5oRAuRiAJ9ohBLd7s2kqjkKlq1qqC57SbnmzQCdG4ui
+nLE/L9aUXdWeTFPron96DLA=
+=2E+0
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+------------------------------------------------
 
-However it can optionally contain additional signature information
-(which git doesn't care about as long as there's less than 8k of
-it). This can then be verified externally to git.
+See the linkgit:git-tag[1] command to learn how to create and verify tag
+objects.  (Note that linkgit:git-tag[1] can also be used to create
+"lightweight tags", which are not tag objects at all, but just simple
+references whose names begin with "refs/tags/").
 
-Note that despite the tag features, "git" itself only handles content
-integrity; the trust framework (and signature provision and
-verification) has to come from outside.
+[[pack-files]]
+How git stores objects efficiently: pack files
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-A tag is created with gitlink:git-mktag[1],
-its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1],
-and the signature can be verified by
-gitlink:git-verify-tag[1].
+Newly created objects are initially created in a file named after the
+object's SHA-1 hash (stored in .git/objects).
 
+Unfortunately this system becomes inefficient once a project has a
+lot of objects.  Try this on an old project:
 
-The "index" aka "Current Directory Cache"
------------------------------------------
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git count-objects
+6930 objects, 47620 kilobytes
+------------------------------------------------
 
-The index is a simple binary file, which contains an efficient
-representation of a virtual directory content at some random time.  It
-does so by a simple array that associates a set of names, dates,
-permissions and content (aka "blob") objects together.  The cache is
-always kept ordered by name, and names are unique (with a few very
-specific rules) at any point in time, but the cache has no long-term
-meaning, and can be partially updated at any time.
-
-In particular, the index certainly does not need to be consistent with
-the current directory contents (in fact, most operations will depend on
-different ways to make the index 'not' be consistent with the directory
-hierarchy), but it has three very important attributes:
-
-'(a) it can re-generate the full state it caches (not just the
-directory structure: it contains pointers to the "blob" objects so
-that it can regenerate the data too)'
-
-As a special case, there is a clear and unambiguous one-way mapping
-from a current directory cache to a "tree object", which can be
-efficiently created from just the current directory cache without
-actually looking at any other data.  So a directory cache at any one
-time uniquely specifies one and only one "tree" object (but has
-additional data to make it easy to match up that tree object with what
-has happened in the directory)
-
-'(b) it has efficient methods for finding inconsistencies between that
-cached state ("tree object waiting to be instantiated") and the
-current state.'
-
-'(c) it can additionally efficiently represent information about merge
-conflicts between different tree objects, allowing each pathname to be
+The first number is the number of objects which are kept in
+individual files.  The second is the amount of space taken up by
+those "loose" objects.
+
+You can save space and make git faster by moving these loose objects in
+to a "pack file", which stores a group of objects in an efficient
+compressed format; the details of how pack files are formatted can be
+found in link:technical/pack-format.txt[technical/pack-format.txt].
+
+To put the loose objects into a pack, just run git repack:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git repack
+Generating pack...
+Done counting 6020 objects.
+Deltifying 6020 objects.
+ 100% (6020/6020) done
+Writing 6020 objects.
+ 100% (6020/6020) done
+Total 6020, written 6020 (delta 4070), reused 0 (delta 0)
+Pack pack-3e54ad29d5b2e05838c75df582c65257b8d08e1c created.
+------------------------------------------------
+
+You can then run
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git prune
+------------------------------------------------
+
+to remove any of the "loose" objects that are now contained in the
+pack.  This will also remove any unreferenced objects (which may be
+created when, for example, you use "git reset" to remove a commit).
+You can verify that the loose objects are gone by looking at the
+.git/objects directory or by running
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git count-objects
+0 objects, 0 kilobytes
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Although the object files are gone, any commands that refer to those
+objects will work exactly as they did before.
+
+The linkgit:git-gc[1] command performs packing, pruning, and more for
+you, so is normally the only high-level command you need.
+
+[[dangling-objects]]
+Dangling objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The linkgit:git-fsck[1] command will sometimes complain about dangling
+objects.  They are not a problem.
+
+The most common cause of dangling objects is that you've rebased a
+branch, or you have pulled from somebody else who rebased a branch--see
+<<cleaning-up-history>>.  In that case, the old head of the original
+branch still exists, as does everything it pointed to. The branch
+pointer itself just doesn't, since you replaced it with another one.
+
+There are also other situations that cause dangling objects. For
+example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a "git add" of a
+file, but then, before you actually committed it and made it part of the
+bigger picture, you changed something else in that file and committed
+that *updated* thing--the old state that you added originally ends up
+not being pointed to by any commit or tree, so it's now a dangling blob
+object.
+
+Similarly, when the "recursive" merge strategy runs, and finds that
+there are criss-cross merges and thus more than one merge base (which is
+fairly unusual, but it does happen), it will generate one temporary
+midway tree (or possibly even more, if you had lots of criss-crossing
+merges and more than two merge bases) as a temporary internal merge
+base, and again, those are real objects, but the end result will not end
+up pointing to them, so they end up "dangling" in your repository.
+
+Generally, dangling objects aren't anything to worry about. They can
+even be very useful: if you screw something up, the dangling objects can
+be how you recover your old tree (say, you did a rebase, and realized
+that you really didn't want to--you can look at what dangling objects
+you have, and decide to reset your head to some old dangling state).
+
+For commits, you can just use:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk <dangling-commit-sha-goes-here> --not --all
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This asks for all the history reachable from the given commit but not
+from any branch, tag, or other reference.  If you decide it's something
+you want, you can always create a new reference to it, e.g.,
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch recovered-branch <dangling-commit-sha-goes-here>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+For blobs and trees, you can't do the same, but you can still examine
+them.  You can just do
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git show <dangling-blob/tree-sha-goes-here>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+to show what the contents of the blob were (or, for a tree, basically
+what the "ls" for that directory was), and that may give you some idea
+of what the operation was that left that dangling object.
+
+Usually, dangling blobs and trees aren't very interesting. They're
+almost always the result of either being a half-way mergebase (the blob
+will often even have the conflict markers from a merge in it, if you
+have had conflicting merges that you fixed up by hand), or simply
+because you interrupted a "git fetch" with ^C or something like that,
+leaving _some_ of the new objects in the object database, but just
+dangling and useless.
+
+Anyway, once you are sure that you're not interested in any dangling
+state, you can just prune all unreachable objects:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git prune
+------------------------------------------------
+
+and they'll be gone. But you should only run "git prune" on a quiescent
+repository--it's kind of like doing a filesystem fsck recovery: you
+don't want to do that while the filesystem is mounted.
+
+(The same is true of "git fsck" itself, btw, but since
+`git fsck` never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports
+on what it found, `git fsck` itself is never 'dangerous' to run.
+Running it while somebody is actually changing the repository can cause
+confusing and scary messages, but it won't actually do anything bad. In
+contrast, running "git prune" while somebody is actively changing the
+repository is a *BAD* idea).
+
+[[recovering-from-repository-corruption]]
+Recovering from repository corruption
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+By design, git treats data trusted to it with caution.  However, even in
+the absence of bugs in git itself, it is still possible that hardware or
+operating system errors could corrupt data.
+
+The first defense against such problems is backups.  You can back up a
+git directory using clone, or just using cp, tar, or any other backup
+mechanism.
+
+As a last resort, you can search for the corrupted objects and attempt
+to replace them by hand.  Back up your repository before attempting this
+in case you corrupt things even more in the process.
+
+We'll assume that the problem is a single missing or corrupted blob,
+which is sometimes a solvable problem.  (Recovering missing trees and
+especially commits is *much* harder).
+
+Before starting, verify that there is corruption, and figure out where
+it is with linkgit:git-fsck[1]; this may be time-consuming.
+
+Assume the output looks like this:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git fsck --full
+broken link from    tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
+              to    blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
+missing blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
+------------------------------------------------
+
+(Typically there will be some "dangling object" messages too, but they
+aren't interesting.)
+
+Now you know that blob 4b9458b3 is missing, and that the tree 2d9263c6
+points to it.  If you could find just one copy of that missing blob
+object, possibly in some other repository, you could move it into
+.git/objects/4b/9458b3... and be done.  Suppose you can't.  You can
+still examine the tree that pointed to it with linkgit:git-ls-tree[1],
+which might output something like:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git ls-tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
+100644 blob 8d14531846b95bfa3564b58ccfb7913a034323b8	.gitignore
+100644 blob ebf9bf84da0aab5ed944264a5db2a65fe3a3e883	.mailmap
+100644 blob ca442d313d86dc67e0a2e5d584b465bd382cbf5c	COPYING
+...
+100644 blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200	myfile
+...
+------------------------------------------------
+
+So now you know that the missing blob was the data for a file named
+"myfile".  And chances are you can also identify the directory--let's
+say it's in "somedirectory".  If you're lucky the missing copy might be
+the same as the copy you have checked out in your working tree at
+"somedirectory/myfile"; you can test whether that's right with
+linkgit:git-hash-object[1]:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git hash-object -w somedirectory/myfile
+------------------------------------------------
+
+which will create and store a blob object with the contents of
+somedirectory/myfile, and output the SHA-1 of that object.  if you're
+extremely lucky it might be 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200, in
+which case you've guessed right, and the corruption is fixed!
+
+Otherwise, you need more information.  How do you tell which version of
+the file has been lost?
+
+The easiest way to do this is with:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --raw --all --full-history -- somedirectory/myfile
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Because you're asking for raw output, you'll now get something like
+
+------------------------------------------------
+commit abc
+Author:
+Date:
+...
+:100644 100644 4b9458b... newsha... M somedirectory/myfile
+
+
+commit xyz
+Author:
+Date:
+
+...
+:100644 100644 oldsha... 4b9458b... M somedirectory/myfile
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This tells you that the immediately preceding version of the file was
+"newsha", and that the immediately following version was "oldsha".
+You also know the commit messages that went with the change from oldsha
+to 4b9458b and with the change from 4b9458b to newsha.
+
+If you've been committing small enough changes, you may now have a good
+shot at reconstructing the contents of the in-between state 4b9458b.
+
+If you can do that, you can now recreate the missing object with
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git hash-object -w <recreated-file>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+and your repository is good again!
+
+(Btw, you could have ignored the fsck, and started with doing a
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --raw --all
+------------------------------------------------
+
+and just looked for the sha of the missing object (4b9458b..) in that
+whole thing. It's up to you - git does *have* a lot of information, it is
+just missing one particular blob version.
+
+[[the-index]]
+The index
+-----------
+
+The index is a binary file (generally kept in .git/index) containing a
+sorted list of path names, each with permissions and the SHA-1 of a blob
+object; linkgit:git-ls-files[1] can show you the contents of the index:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git ls-files --stage
+100644 63c918c667fa005ff12ad89437f2fdc80926e21c 0	.gitignore
+100644 5529b198e8d14decbe4ad99db3f7fb632de0439d 0	.mailmap
+100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0	COPYING
+100644 a37b2152bd26be2c2289e1f57a292534a51a93c7 0	Documentation/.gitignore
+100644 fbefe9a45b00a54b58d94d06eca48b03d40a50e0 0	Documentation/Makefile
+...
+100644 2511aef8d89ab52be5ec6a5e46236b4b6bcd07ea 0	xdiff/xtypes.h
+100644 2ade97b2574a9f77e7ae4002a4e07a6a38e46d07 0	xdiff/xutils.c
+100644 d5de8292e05e7c36c4b68857c1cf9855e3d2f70a 0	xdiff/xutils.h
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Note that in older documentation you may see the index called the
+"current directory cache" or just the "cache".  It has three important
+properties:
+
+1. The index contains all the information necessary to generate a single
+(uniquely determined) tree object.
++
+For example, running linkgit:git-commit[1] generates this tree object
+from the index, stores it in the object database, and uses it as the
+tree object associated with the new commit.
+
+2. The index enables fast comparisons between the tree object it defines
+and the working tree.
++
+It does this by storing some additional data for each entry (such as
+the last modified time).  This data is not displayed above, and is not
+stored in the created tree object, but it can be used to determine
+quickly which files in the working directory differ from what was
+stored in the index, and thus save git from having to read all of the
+data from such files to look for changes.
+
+3. It can efficiently represent information about merge conflicts
+between different tree objects, allowing each pathname to be
 associated with sufficient information about the trees involved that
-you can create a three-way merge between them.'
+you can create a three-way merge between them.
++
+We saw in <<conflict-resolution>> that during a merge the index can
+store multiple versions of a single file (called "stages").  The third
+column in the linkgit:git-ls-files[1] output above is the stage
+number, and will take on values other than 0 for files with merge
+conflicts.
+
+The index is thus a sort of temporary staging area, which is filled with
+a tree which you are in the process of working on.
+
+If you blow the index away entirely, you generally haven't lost any
+information as long as you have the name of the tree that it described.
+
+[[submodules]]
+Submodules
+==========
+
+Large projects are often composed of smaller, self-contained modules.  For
+example, an embedded Linux distribution's source tree would include every
+piece of software in the distribution with some local modifications; a movie
+player might need to build against a specific, known-working version of a
+decompression library; several independent programs might all share the same
+build scripts.
+
+With centralized revision control systems this is often accomplished by
+including every module in one single repository.  Developers can check out
+all modules or only the modules they need to work with.  They can even modify
+files across several modules in a single commit while moving things around
+or updating APIs and translations.
+
+Git does not allow partial checkouts, so duplicating this approach in Git
+would force developers to keep a local copy of modules they are not
+interested in touching.  Commits in an enormous checkout would be slower
+than you'd expect as Git would have to scan every directory for changes.
+If modules have a lot of local history, clones would take forever.
+
+On the plus side, distributed revision control systems can much better
+integrate with external sources.  In a centralized model, a single arbitrary
+snapshot of the external project is exported from its own revision control
+and then imported into the local revision control on a vendor branch.  All
+the history is hidden.  With distributed revision control you can clone the
+entire external history and much more easily follow development and re-merge
+local changes.
+
+Git's submodule support allows a repository to contain, as a subdirectory, a
+checkout of an external project.  Submodules maintain their own identity;
+the submodule support just stores the submodule repository location and
+commit ID, so other developers who clone the containing project
+("superproject") can easily clone all the submodules at the same revision.
+Partial checkouts of the superproject are possible: you can tell Git to
+clone none, some or all of the submodules.
+
+The linkgit:git-submodule[1] command is available since Git 1.5.3.  Users
+with Git 1.5.2 can look up the submodule commits in the repository and
+manually check them out; earlier versions won't recognize the submodules at
+all.
+
+To see how submodule support works, create (for example) four example
+repositories that can be used later as a submodule:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ mkdir ~/git
+$ cd ~/git
+$ for i in a b c d
+do
+	mkdir $i
+	cd $i
+	git init
+	echo "module $i" > $i.txt
+	git add $i.txt
+	git commit -m "Initial commit, submodule $i"
+	cd ..
+done
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Now create the superproject and add all the submodules:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ mkdir super
+$ cd super
+$ git init
+$ for i in a b c d
+do
+	git submodule add ~/git/$i $i
+done
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+NOTE: Do not use local URLs here if you plan to publish your superproject!
+
+See what files `git submodule` created:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ ls -a
+.  ..  .git  .gitmodules  a  b  c  d
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+The `git submodule add <repo> <path>` command does a couple of things:
+
+- It clones the submodule from <repo> to the given <path> under the
+  current directory and by default checks out the master branch.
+- It adds the submodule's clone path to the linkgit:gitmodules[5] file and
+  adds this file to the index, ready to be committed.
+- It adds the submodule's current commit ID to the index, ready to be
+  committed.
+
+Commit the superproject:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit -m "Add submodules a, b, c and d."
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Now clone the superproject:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ cd ..
+$ git clone super cloned
+$ cd cloned
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+The submodule directories are there, but they're empty:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ ls -a a
+.  ..
+$ git submodule status
+-d266b9873ad50488163457f025db7cdd9683d88b a
+-e81d457da15309b4fef4249aba9b50187999670d b
+-c1536a972b9affea0f16e0680ba87332dc059146 c
+-d96249ff5d57de5de093e6baff9e0aafa5276a74 d
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+NOTE: The commit object names shown above would be different for you, but they
+should match the HEAD commit object names of your repositories.  You can check
+it by running `git ls-remote ../a`.
+
+Pulling down the submodules is a two-step process. First run `git submodule
+init` to add the submodule repository URLs to `.git/config`:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git submodule init
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Now use `git submodule update` to clone the repositories and check out the
+commits specified in the superproject:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git submodule update
+$ cd a
+$ ls -a
+.  ..  .git  a.txt
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+One major difference between `git submodule update` and `git submodule add` is
+that `git submodule update` checks out a specific commit, rather than the tip
+of a branch. It's like checking out a tag: the head is detached, so you're not
+working on a branch.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch
+* (no branch)
+  master
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+If you want to make a change within a submodule and you have a detached head,
+then you should create or checkout a branch, make your changes, publish the
+change within the submodule, and then update the superproject to reference the
+new commit:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout master
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+or
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout -b fix-up
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+then
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ echo "adding a line again" >> a.txt
+$ git commit -a -m "Updated the submodule from within the superproject."
+$ git push
+$ cd ..
+$ git diff
+diff --git a/a b/a
+index d266b98..261dfac 160000
+--- a/a
++++ b/a
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-Subproject commit d266b9873ad50488163457f025db7cdd9683d88b
++Subproject commit 261dfac35cb99d380eb966e102c1197139f7fa24
+$ git add a
+$ git commit -m "Updated submodule a."
+$ git push
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+You have to run `git submodule update` after `git pull` if you want to update
+submodules, too.
+
+Pitfalls with submodules
+------------------------
+
+Always publish the submodule change before publishing the change to the
+superproject that references it. If you forget to publish the submodule change,
+others won't be able to clone the repository:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ cd ~/git/super/a
+$ echo i added another line to this file >> a.txt
+$ git commit -a -m "doing it wrong this time"
+$ cd ..
+$ git add a
+$ git commit -m "Updated submodule a again."
+$ git push
+$ cd ~/git/cloned
+$ git pull
+$ git submodule update
+error: pathspec '261dfac35cb99d380eb966e102c1197139f7fa24' did not match any file(s) known to git.
+Did you forget to 'git add'?
+Unable to checkout '261dfac35cb99d380eb966e102c1197139f7fa24' in submodule path 'a'
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+You also should not rewind branches in a submodule beyond commits that were
+ever recorded in any superproject.
 
-Those are the ONLY three things that the directory cache does.  It's a
-cache, and the normal operation is to re-generate it completely from a
-known tree object, or update/compare it with a live tree that is being
-developed.  If you blow the directory cache away entirely, you generally
-haven't lost any information as long as you have the name of the tree
-that it described. 
+It's not safe to run `git submodule update` if you've made and committed
+changes within a submodule without checking out a branch first. They will be
+silently overwritten:
 
-At the same time, the index is at the same time also the
-staging area for creating new trees, and creating a new tree always
-involves a controlled modification of the index file.  In particular,
-the index file can have the representation of an intermediate tree that
-has not yet been instantiated.  So the index can be thought of as a
-write-back cache, which can contain dirty information that has not yet
-been written back to the backing store.
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ cat a.txt
+module a
+$ echo line added from private2 >> a.txt
+$ git commit -a -m "line added inside private2"
+$ cd ..
+$ git submodule update
+Submodule path 'a': checked out 'd266b9873ad50488163457f025db7cdd9683d88b'
+$ cd a
+$ cat a.txt
+module a
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+NOTE: The changes are still visible in the submodule's reflog.
+
+This is not the case if you did not commit your changes.
+
+[[low-level-operations]]
+Low-level git operations
+========================
+
+Many of the higher-level commands were originally implemented as shell
+scripts using a smaller core of low-level git commands.  These can still
+be useful when doing unusual things with git, or just as a way to
+understand its inner workings.
+
+[[object-manipulation]]
+Object access and manipulation
+------------------------------
+
+The linkgit:git-cat-file[1] command can show the contents of any object,
+though the higher-level linkgit:git-show[1] is usually more useful.
 
+The linkgit:git-commit-tree[1] command allows constructing commits with
+arbitrary parents and trees.
 
+A tree can be created with linkgit:git-write-tree[1] and its data can be
+accessed by linkgit:git-ls-tree[1].  Two trees can be compared with
+linkgit:git-diff-tree[1].
 
+A tag is created with linkgit:git-mktag[1], and the signature can be
+verified by linkgit:git-verify-tag[1], though it is normally simpler to
+use linkgit:git-tag[1] for both.
+
+[[the-workflow]]
 The Workflow
 ------------
 
+High-level operations such as linkgit:git-commit[1],
+linkgit:git-checkout[1] and linkgit:git-reset[1] work by moving data
+between the working tree, the index, and the object database.  Git
+provides low-level operations which perform each of these steps
+individually.
+
 Generally, all "git" operations work on the index file. Some operations
 work *purely* on the index file (showing the current state of the
-index), but most operations move data to and from the index file. Either
-from the database or from the working directory. Thus there are four
-main combinations: 
+index), but most operations move data between the index file and either
+the database or the working directory. Thus there are four main
+combinations:
 
+[[working-directory-to-index]]
 working directory -> index
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-You update the index with information from the working directory with
-the gitlink:git-update-index[1] command.  You
-generally update the index information by just specifying the filename
-you want to update, like so:
+The linkgit:git-update-index[1] command updates the index with
+information from the working directory.  You generally update the
+index information by just specifying the filename you want to update,
+like so:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-update-index filename
+$ git update-index filename
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 but to avoid common mistakes with filename globbing etc, the command
@@ -2570,47 +3715,53 @@ should use the `--remove` and `--add` flags respectively.
 NOTE! A `--remove` flag does 'not' mean that subsequent filenames will
 necessarily be removed: if the files still exist in your directory
 structure, the index will be updated with their new status, not
-removed. The only thing `--remove` means is that update-cache will be
+removed. The only thing `--remove` means is that update-index will be
 considering a removed file to be a valid thing, and if the file really
 does not exist any more, it will update the index accordingly.
 
-As a special case, you can also do `git-update-index --refresh`, which
+As a special case, you can also do `git update-index --refresh`, which
 will refresh the "stat" information of each index to match the current
 stat information. It will 'not' update the object status itself, and
 it will only update the fields that are used to quickly test whether
 an object still matches its old backing store object.
 
+The previously introduced linkgit:git-add[1] is just a wrapper for
+linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+
+[[index-to-object-database]]
 index -> object database
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You write your current index file to a "tree" object with the program
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-write-tree
+$ git write-tree
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-that doesn't come with any options - it will just write out the
+that doesn't come with any options--it will just write out the
 current index into the set of tree objects that describe that state,
 and it will return the name of the resulting top-level tree. You can
 use that tree to re-generate the index at any time by going in the
 other direction:
 
+[[object-database-to-index]]
 object database -> index
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You read a "tree" file from the object database, and use that to
-populate (and overwrite - don't do this if your index contains any
+populate (and overwrite--don't do this if your index contains any
 unsaved state that you might want to restore later!) your current
 index.  Normal operation is just
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-read-tree <sha1 of tree>
+$ git read-tree <SHA-1 of tree>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 and your index file will now be equivalent to the tree that you saved
 earlier. However, that is only your 'index' file: your working
 directory contents have not been modified.
 
+[[index-to-working-directory]]
 index -> working directory
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -2618,7 +3769,7 @@ You update your working directory from the index by "checking out"
 files. This is not a very common operation, since normally you'd just
 keep your files updated, and rather than write to your working
 directory, you'd tell the index files about the changes in your
-working directory (i.e. `git-update-index`).
+working directory (i.e. `git update-index`).
 
 However, if you decide to jump to a new version, or check out somebody
 else's version, or just restore a previous tree, you'd populate your
@@ -2626,12 +3777,12 @@ index file with read-tree, and then you need to check out the result
 with
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-checkout-index filename
+$ git checkout-index filename
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 or, if you want to check out all of the index, use `-a`.
 
-NOTE! git-checkout-index normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
+NOTE! `git checkout-index` normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
 if you have an old version of the tree already checked out, you will
 need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
 'force' the checkout.
@@ -2640,12 +3791,13 @@ need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
 Finally, there are a few odds and ends which are not purely moving
 from one representation to the other:
 
+[[tying-it-all-together]]
 Tying it all together
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-To commit a tree you have instantiated with "git-write-tree", you'd
+To commit a tree you have instantiated with "git write-tree", you'd
 create a "commit" object that refers to that tree and the history
-behind it - most notably the "parent" commits that preceded it in
+behind it--most notably the "parent" commits that preceded it in
 history.
 
 Normally a "commit" has one parent: the previous state of the tree
@@ -2662,13 +3814,13 @@ You create a commit object by giving it the tree that describes the
 state at the time of the commit, and a list of parents:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-commit-tree <tree> -p <parent> [-p <parent2> ..]
+$ git commit-tree <tree> -p <parent> [-p <parent2> ..]
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 and then giving the reason for the commit on stdin (either through
 redirection from a pipe or file, or by just typing it at the tty).
 
-git-commit-tree will return the name of the object that represents
+`git commit-tree` will return the name of the object that represents
 that commit, and you should save it away for later use. Normally,
 you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while git doesn't care where you
 save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the
@@ -2715,28 +3867,29 @@ various pieces fit together.
 ------------
 
 
+[[examining-the-data]]
 Examining the data
 ------------------
 
 You can examine the data represented in the object database and the
 index with various helper tools. For every object, you can use
-gitlink:git-cat-file[1] to examine details about the
+linkgit:git-cat-file[1] to examine details about the
 object:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file -t <objectname>
+$ git cat-file -t <objectname>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 shows the type of the object, and once you have the type (which is
 usually implicit in where you find the object), you can use
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file blob|tree|commit|tag <objectname>
+$ git cat-file blob|tree|commit|tag <objectname>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 to show its contents. NOTE! Trees have binary content, and as a result
 there is a special helper for showing that content, called
-`git-ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
+`git ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
 readable form.
 
 It's especially instructive to look at "commit" objects, since those
@@ -2745,11 +3898,12 @@ follow the convention of having the top commit name in `.git/HEAD`,
 you can do
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file commit HEAD
+$ git cat-file commit HEAD
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 to see what the top commit was.
 
+[[merging-multiple-trees]]
 Merging multiple trees
 ----------------------
 
@@ -2768,7 +3922,7 @@ To get the "base" for the merge, you first look up the common parent
 of two commits with
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-merge-base <commit1> <commit2>
+$ git merge-base <commit1> <commit2>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 which will return you the commit they are both based on.  You should
@@ -2776,74 +3930,75 @@ now look up the "tree" objects of those commits, which you can easily
 do with (for example)
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file commit <commitname> | head -1
+$ git cat-file commit <commitname> | head -1
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 since the tree object information is always the first line in a commit
 object.
 
 Once you know the three trees you are going to merge (the one "original"
-tree, aka the common case, and the two "result" trees, aka the branches
+tree, aka the common tree, and the two "result" trees, aka the branches
 you want to merge), you do a "merge" read into the index. This will
 complain if it has to throw away your old index contents, so you should
-make sure that you've committed those - in fact you would normally
+make sure that you've committed those--in fact you would normally
 always do a merge against your last commit (which should thus match what
 you have in your current index anyway).
 
 To do the merge, do
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-read-tree -m -u <origtree> <yourtree> <targettree>
+$ git read-tree -m -u <origtree> <yourtree> <targettree>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 which will do all trivial merge operations for you directly in the
 index file, and you can just write the result out with
-`git-write-tree`.
+`git write-tree`.
 
 
+[[merging-multiple-trees-2]]
 Merging multiple trees, continued
 ---------------------------------
 
 Sadly, many merges aren't trivial. If there are files that have
-been added.moved or removed, or if both branches have modified the
+been added, moved or removed, or if both branches have modified the
 same file, you will be left with an index tree that contains "merge
 entries" in it. Such an index tree can 'NOT' be written out to a tree
 object, and you will have to resolve any such merge clashes using
 other tools before you can write out the result.
 
-You can examine such index state with `git-ls-files --unmerged`
+You can examine such index state with `git ls-files --unmerged`
 command.  An example:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-read-tree -m $orig HEAD $target
-$ git-ls-files --unmerged
+$ git read-tree -m $orig HEAD $target
+$ git ls-files --unmerged
 100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello.c
 100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello.c
 100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello.c
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Each line of the `git-ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
-the blob mode bits, blob SHA1, 'stage number', and the
+Each line of the `git ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
+the blob mode bits, blob SHA-1, 'stage number', and the
 filename.  The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
 came from: stage 1 corresponds to `$orig` tree, stage 2 `HEAD`
 tree, and stage3 `$target` tree.
 
 Earlier we said that trivial merges are done inside
-`git-read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
+`git read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
 from `$orig` to `HEAD` nor `$target`, or if the file changed
 from `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` the same way,
 obviously the final outcome is what is in `HEAD`.  What the
 above example shows is that file `hello.c` was changed from
 `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` in a different way.
 You could resolve this by running your favorite 3-way merge
-program, e.g.  `diff3` or `merge`, on the blob objects from
-these three stages yourself, like this:
+program, e.g.  `diff3`, `merge`, or git's own merge-file, on
+the blob objects from these three stages yourself, like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git-cat-file blob 263414f... >hello.c~1
-$ git-cat-file blob 06fa6a2... >hello.c~2
-$ git-cat-file blob cc44c73... >hello.c~3
-$ merge hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
+$ git cat-file blob 263414f... >hello.c~1
+$ git cat-file blob 06fa6a2... >hello.c~2
+$ git cat-file blob cc44c73... >hello.c~3
+$ git merge-file hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This would leave the merge result in `hello.c~2` file, along
@@ -2853,194 +4008,540 @@ merge result for this file is by:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ mv -f hello.c~2 hello.c
-$ git-update-index hello.c
+$ git update-index hello.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-When a path is in unmerged state, running `git-update-index` for
+When a path is in the "unmerged" state, running `git update-index` for
 that path tells git to mark the path resolved.
 
 The above is the description of a git merge at the lowest level,
 to help you understand what conceptually happens under the hood.
-In practice, nobody, not even git itself, uses three `git-cat-file`
-for this.  There is `git-merge-index` program that extracts the
+In practice, nobody, not even git itself, runs `git cat-file` three times
+for this.  There is a `git merge-index` program that extracts the
 stages to temporary files and calls a "merge" script on it:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git-merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
+$ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 and that is what higher level `git merge -s resolve` is implemented with.
 
-How git stores objects efficiently: pack files
-----------------------------------------------
+[[hacking-git]]
+Hacking git
+===========
 
-We've seen how git stores each object in a file named after the
-object's SHA1 hash.
+This chapter covers internal details of the git implementation which
+probably only git developers need to understand.
 
-Unfortunately this system becomes inefficient once a project has a
-lot of objects.  Try this on an old project:
+[[object-details]]
+Object storage format
+---------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git count-objects
-6930 objects, 47620 kilobytes
-------------------------------------------------
+All objects have a statically determined "type" which identifies the
+format of the object (i.e. how it is used, and how it can refer to other
+objects).  There are currently four different object types: "blob",
+"tree", "commit", and "tag".
 
-The first number is the number of objects which are kept in
-individual files.  The second is the amount of space taken up by
-those "loose" objects.
+Regardless of object type, all objects share the following
+characteristics: they are all deflated with zlib, and have a header
+that not only specifies their type, but also provides size information
+about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA-1 hash
+that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
+plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
+for 'file'.
+(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
+was the SHA-1 of the 'compressed' object.)
 
-You can save space and make git faster by moving these loose objects in
-to a "pack file", which stores a group of objects in an efficient
-compressed format; the details of how pack files are formatted can be
-found in link:technical/pack-format.txt[technical/pack-format.txt].
+As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
+independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
+be validated by verifying that (a) their hashes match the content of the
+file and (b) the object successfully inflates to a stream of bytes that
+forms a sequence of <ascii type without space> {plus} <space> {plus} <ascii decimal
+size> {plus} <byte\0> {plus} <binary object data>.
 
-To put the loose objects into a pack, just run git repack:
+The structured objects can further have their structure and
+connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
+the `git fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
+of all objects, and verifies their internal consistency (in addition
+to just verifying their superficial consistency through the hash).
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git repack
-Generating pack...
-Done counting 6020 objects.
-Deltifying 6020 objects.
- 100% (6020/6020) done
-Writing 6020 objects.
- 100% (6020/6020) done
-Total 6020, written 6020 (delta 4070), reused 0 (delta 0)
-Pack pack-3e54ad29d5b2e05838c75df582c65257b8d08e1c created.
-------------------------------------------------
+[[birdview-on-the-source-code]]
+A birds-eye view of Git's source code
+-------------------------------------
 
-You can then run
+It is not always easy for new developers to find their way through Git's
+source code.  This section gives you a little guidance to show where to
+start.
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git prune
-------------------------------------------------
+A good place to start is with the contents of the initial commit, with:
 
-to remove any of the "loose" objects that are now contained in the
-pack.  This will also remove any unreferenced objects (which may be
-created when, for example, you use "git reset" to remove a commit).
-You can verify that the loose objects are gone by looking at the
-.git/objects directory or by running
+----------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout e83c5163
+----------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git count-objects
-0 objects, 0 kilobytes
-------------------------------------------------
+The initial revision lays the foundation for almost everything git has
+today, but is small enough to read in one sitting.
 
-Although the object files are gone, any commands that refer to those
-objects will work exactly as they did before.
+Note that terminology has changed since that revision.  For example, the
+README in that revision uses the word "changeset" to describe what we
+now call a <<def_commit_object,commit>>.
 
-The gitlink:git-gc[1] command performs packing, pruning, and more for
-you, so is normally the only high-level command you need.
+Also, we do not call it "cache" any more, but rather "index"; however, the
+file is still called `cache.h`.  Remark: Not much reason to change it now,
+especially since there is no good single name for it anyway, because it is
+basically _the_ header file which is included by _all_ of Git's C sources.
 
-[[dangling-objects]]
-Dangling objects
-----------------
+If you grasp the ideas in that initial commit, you should check out a
+more recent version and skim `cache.h`, `object.h` and `commit.h`.
 
-The gitlink:git-fsck[1] command will sometimes complain about dangling
-objects.  They are not a problem.
+In the early days, Git (in the tradition of UNIX) was a bunch of programs
+which were extremely simple, and which you used in scripts, piping the
+output of one into another. This turned out to be good for initial
+development, since it was easier to test new things.  However, recently
+many of these parts have become builtins, and some of the core has been
+"libified", i.e. put into libgit.a for performance, portability reasons,
+and to avoid code duplication.
 
-The most common cause of dangling objects is that you've rebased a
-branch, or you have pulled from somebody else who rebased a branch--see
-<<cleaning-up-history>>.  In that case, the old head of the original
-branch still exists, as does obviously everything it pointed to. The
-branch pointer itself just doesn't, since you replaced it with another
-one.
+By now, you know what the index is (and find the corresponding data
+structures in `cache.h`), and that there are just a couple of object types
+(blobs, trees, commits and tags) which inherit their common structure from
+`struct object`, which is their first member (and thus, you can cast e.g.
+`(struct object *)commit` to achieve the _same_ as `&commit->object`, i.e.
+get at the object name and flags).
 
-There are also other situations too that cause dangling objects. For
-example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a "git add" of a
-file, but then, before you actually committed it and made it part of the
-bigger picture, you changed something else in that file and committed
-that *updated* thing - the old state that you added originally ends up
-not being pointed to by any commit or tree, so it's now a dangling blob
-object.
+Now is a good point to take a break to let this information sink in.
 
-Similarly, when the "recursive" merge strategy runs, and finds that
-there are criss-cross merges and thus more than one merge base (which is
-fairly unusual, but it does happen), it will generate one temporary
-midway tree (or possibly even more, if you had lots of criss-crossing
-merges and more than two merge bases) as a temporary internal merge
-base, and again, those are real objects, but the end result will not end
-up pointing to them, so they end up "dangling" in your repository.
+Next step: get familiar with the object naming.  Read <<naming-commits>>.
+There are quite a few ways to name an object (and not only revisions!).
+All of these are handled in `sha1_name.c`. Just have a quick look at
+the function `get_sha1()`. A lot of the special handling is done by
+functions like `get_sha1_basic()` or the likes.
 
-Generally, dangling objects aren't anything to worry about. They can
-even be very useful: if you screw something up, the dangling objects can
-be how you recover your old tree (say, you did a rebase, and realized
-that you really didn't want to - you can look at what dangling objects
-you have, and decide to reset your head to some old dangling state).
+This is just to get you into the groove for the most libified part of Git:
+the revision walker.
 
-For commits, the most useful thing to do with dangling objects tends to
-be to do a simple
+Basically, the initial version of `git log` was a shell script:
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ gitk <dangling-commit-sha-goes-here> --not --all
-------------------------------------------------
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+$ git-rev-list --pretty $(git-rev-parse --default HEAD "$@") | \
+	LESS=-S ${PAGER:-less}
+----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-For blobs and trees, you can't do the same, but you can examine them.
-You can just do
+What does this mean?
 
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git show <dangling-blob/tree-sha-goes-here>
-------------------------------------------------
+`git rev-list` is the original version of the revision walker, which
+_always_ printed a list of revisions to stdout.  It is still functional,
+and needs to, since most new Git programs start out as scripts using
+`git rev-list`.
 
-to show what the contents of the blob were (or, for a tree, basically
-what the "ls" for that directory was), and that may give you some idea
-of what the operation was that left that dangling object.
+`git rev-parse` is not as important any more; it was only used to filter out
+options that were relevant for the different plumbing commands that were
+called by the script.
 
-Usually, dangling blobs and trees aren't very interesting. They're
-almost always the result of either being a half-way mergebase (the blob
-will often even have the conflict markers from a merge in it, if you
-have had conflicting merges that you fixed up by hand), or simply
-because you interrupted a "git fetch" with ^C or something like that,
-leaving _some_ of the new objects in the object database, but just
-dangling and useless.
+Most of what `git rev-list` did is contained in `revision.c` and
+`revision.h`.  It wraps the options in a struct named `rev_info`, which
+controls how and what revisions are walked, and more.
 
-Anyway, once you are sure that you're not interested in any dangling 
-state, you can just prune all unreachable objects:
+The original job of `git rev-parse` is now taken by the function
+`setup_revisions()`, which parses the revisions and the common command line
+options for the revision walker. This information is stored in the struct
+`rev_info` for later consumption. You can do your own command line option
+parsing after calling `setup_revisions()`. After that, you have to call
+`prepare_revision_walk()` for initialization, and then you can get the
+commits one by one with the function `get_revision()`.
+
+If you are interested in more details of the revision walking process,
+just have a look at the first implementation of `cmd_log()`; call
+`git show v1.3.0{tilde}155^2{tilde}4` and scroll down to that function (note that you
+no longer need to call `setup_pager()` directly).
+
+Nowadays, `git log` is a builtin, which means that it is _contained_ in the
+command `git`.  The source side of a builtin is
+
+- a function called `cmd_<bla>`, typically defined in `builtin-<bla>.c`,
+  and declared in `builtin.h`,
+
+- an entry in the `commands[]` array in `git.c`, and
+
+- an entry in `BUILTIN_OBJECTS` in the `Makefile`.
+
+Sometimes, more than one builtin is contained in one source file.  For
+example, `cmd_whatchanged()` and `cmd_log()` both reside in `builtin-log.c`,
+since they share quite a bit of code.  In that case, the commands which are
+_not_ named like the `.c` file in which they live have to be listed in
+`BUILT_INS` in the `Makefile`.
+
+`git log` looks more complicated in C than it does in the original script,
+but that allows for a much greater flexibility and performance.
+
+Here again it is a good point to take a pause.
+
+Lesson three is: study the code.  Really, it is the best way to learn about
+the organization of Git (after you know the basic concepts).
+
+So, think about something which you are interested in, say, "how can I
+access a blob just knowing the object name of it?".  The first step is to
+find a Git command with which you can do it.  In this example, it is either
+`git show` or `git cat-file`.
+
+For the sake of clarity, let's stay with `git cat-file`, because it
+
+- is plumbing, and
+
+- was around even in the initial commit (it literally went only through
+  some 20 revisions as `cat-file.c`, was renamed to `builtin-cat-file.c`
+  when made a builtin, and then saw less than 10 versions).
+
+So, look into `builtin-cat-file.c`, search for `cmd_cat_file()` and look what
+it does.
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+        git_config(git_default_config);
+        if (argc != 3)
+		usage("git cat-file [-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>] <sha1>");
+        if (get_sha1(argv[2], sha1))
+                die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[2]);
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Let's skip over the obvious details; the only really interesting part
+here is the call to `get_sha1()`.  It tries to interpret `argv[2]` as an
+object name, and if it refers to an object which is present in the current
+repository, it writes the resulting SHA-1 into the variable `sha1`.
+
+Two things are interesting here:
+
+- `get_sha1()` returns 0 on _success_.  This might surprise some new
+  Git hackers, but there is a long tradition in UNIX to return different
+  negative numbers in case of different errors--and 0 on success.
+
+- the variable `sha1` in the function signature of `get_sha1()` is `unsigned
+  char \*`, but is actually expected to be a pointer to `unsigned
+  char[20]`.  This variable will contain the 160-bit SHA-1 of the given
+  commit.  Note that whenever a SHA-1 is passed as `unsigned char \*`, it
+  is the binary representation, as opposed to the ASCII representation in
+  hex characters, which is passed as `char *`.
+
+You will see both of these things throughout the code.
+
+Now, for the meat:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+        case 0:
+                buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, argv[1], &size, NULL);
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is how you read a blob (actually, not only a blob, but any type of
+object).  To know how the function `read_object_with_reference()` actually
+works, find the source code for it (something like `git grep
+read_object_with | grep ":[a-z]"` in the git repository), and read
+the source.
+
+To find out how the result can be used, just read on in `cmd_cat_file()`:
+
+-----------------------------------
+        write_or_die(1, buf, size);
+-----------------------------------
+
+Sometimes, you do not know where to look for a feature.  In many such cases,
+it helps to search through the output of `git log`, and then `git show` the
+corresponding commit.
+
+Example: If you know that there was some test case for `git bundle`, but
+do not remember where it was (yes, you _could_ `git grep bundle t/`, but that
+does not illustrate the point!):
+
+------------------------
+$ git log --no-merges t/
+------------------------
+
+In the pager (`less`), just search for "bundle", go a few lines back,
+and see that it is in commit 18449ab0...  Now just copy this object name,
+and paste it into the command line
+
+-------------------
+$ git show 18449ab0
+-------------------
+
+Voila.
+
+Another example: Find out what to do in order to make some script a
+builtin:
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --no-merges --diff-filter=A builtin-*.c
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+You see, Git is actually the best tool to find out about the source of Git
+itself!
+
+[[glossary]]
+GIT Glossary
+============
+
+include::glossary-content.txt[]
+
+[[git-quick-start]]
+Appendix A: Git Quick Reference
+===============================
+
+This is a quick summary of the major commands; the previous chapters
+explain how these work in more detail.
+
+[[quick-creating-a-new-repository]]
+Creating a new repository
+-------------------------
+
+From a tarball:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ tar xzf project.tar.gz
+$ cd project
+$ git init
+Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
+$ git add .
+$ git commit
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+From a remote repository:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git clone git://example.com/pub/project.git
+$ cd project
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+[[managing-branches]]
+Managing branches
+-----------------
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git branch	     # list all local branches in this repo
+$ git checkout test  # switch working directory to branch "test"
+$ git branch new     # create branch "new" starting at current HEAD
+$ git branch -d new  # delete branch "new"
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Instead of basing a new branch on current HEAD (the default), use:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git branch new test    # branch named "test"
+$ git branch new v2.6.15 # tag named v2.6.15
+$ git branch new HEAD^   # commit before the most recent
+$ git branch new HEAD^^  # commit before that
+$ git branch new test~10 # ten commits before tip of branch "test"
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Create and switch to a new branch at the same time:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout -b new v2.6.15
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Update and examine branches from the repository you cloned from:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch		# update
+$ git branch -r		# list
+  origin/master
+  origin/next
+  ...
+$ git checkout -b masterwork origin/master
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Fetch a branch from a different repository, and give it a new
+name in your repository:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch git://example.com/project.git theirbranch:mybranch
+$ git fetch git://example.com/project.git v2.6.15:mybranch
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Keep a list of repositories you work with regularly:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git remote add example git://example.com/project.git
+$ git remote			# list remote repositories
+example
+origin
+$ git remote show example	# get details
+* remote example
+  URL: git://example.com/project.git
+  Tracked remote branches
+    master
+    next
+    ...
+$ git fetch example		# update branches from example
+$ git branch -r			# list all remote branches
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+
+[[exploring-history]]
+Exploring history
+-----------------
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ gitk			    # visualize and browse history
+$ git log		    # list all commits
+$ git log src/		    # ...modifying src/
+$ git log v2.6.15..v2.6.16  # ...in v2.6.16, not in v2.6.15
+$ git log master..test	    # ...in branch test, not in branch master
+$ git log test..master	    # ...in branch master, but not in test
+$ git log test...master	    # ...in one branch, not in both
+$ git log -S'foo()'	    # ...where difference contain "foo()"
+$ git log --since="2 weeks ago"
+$ git log -p		    # show patches as well
+$ git show		    # most recent commit
+$ git diff v2.6.15..v2.6.16 # diff between two tagged versions
+$ git diff v2.6.15..HEAD    # diff with current head
+$ git grep "foo()"	    # search working directory for "foo()"
+$ git grep v2.6.15 "foo()"  # search old tree for "foo()"
+$ git show v2.6.15:a.txt    # look at old version of a.txt
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Search for regressions:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git bisect start
+$ git bisect bad		# current version is bad
+$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2	# last known good revision
+Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
+				# test here, then:
+$ git bisect good		# if this revision is good, or
+$ git bisect bad		# if this revision is bad.
+				# repeat until done.
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+[[making-changes]]
+Making changes
+--------------
+
+Make sure git knows who to blame:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git prune
+$ cat >>~/.gitconfig <<\EOF
+[user]
+	name = Your Name Comes Here
+	email = you@yourdomain.example.com
+EOF
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and they'll be gone. But you should only run "git prune" on a quiescent
-repository - it's kind of like doing a filesystem fsck recovery: you
-don't want to do that while the filesystem is mounted.
+Select file contents to include in the next commit, then make the
+commit:
 
-(The same is true of "git-fsck" itself, btw - but since 
-git-fsck never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports 
-on what it found, git-fsck itself is never "dangerous" to run. 
-Running it while somebody is actually changing the repository can cause 
-confusing and scary messages, but it won't actually do anything bad. In 
-contrast, running "git prune" while somebody is actively changing the 
-repository is a *BAD* idea).
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git add a.txt    # updated file
+$ git add b.txt    # new file
+$ git rm c.txt     # old file
+$ git commit
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Or, prepare and create the commit in one step:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git commit d.txt # use latest content only of d.txt
+$ git commit -a	   # use latest content of all tracked files
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+[[merging]]
+Merging
+-------
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git merge test   # merge branch "test" into the current branch
+$ git pull git://example.com/project.git master
+		   # fetch and merge in remote branch
+$ git pull . test  # equivalent to git merge test
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+[[sharing-your-changes]]
+Sharing your changes
+--------------------
+
+Importing or exporting patches:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git format-patch origin..HEAD # format a patch for each commit
+				# in HEAD but not in origin
+$ git am mbox # import patches from the mailbox "mbox"
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Fetch a branch in a different git repository, then merge into the
+current branch:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git pull git://example.com/project.git theirbranch
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Store the fetched branch into a local branch before merging into the
+current branch:
 
-include::glossary.txt[]
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git pull git://example.com/project.git theirbranch:mybranch
+-----------------------------------------------
 
-Notes and todo list for this manual
-===================================
+After creating commits on a local branch, update the remote
+branch with your commits:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git push ssh://example.com/project.git mybranch:theirbranch
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+When remote and local branch are both named "test":
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git push ssh://example.com/project.git test
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Shortcut version for a frequently used remote repository:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git remote add example ssh://example.com/project.git
+$ git push example test
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+[[repository-maintenance]]
+Repository maintenance
+----------------------
+
+Check for corruption:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git fsck
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Recompress, remove unused cruft:
+
+-----------------------------------------------
+$ git gc
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+
+[[todo]]
+Appendix B: Notes and todo list for this manual
+===============================================
 
 This is a work in progress.
 
 The basic requirements:
-	- It must be readable in order, from beginning to end, by
-	  someone intelligent with a basic grasp of the unix
-	  commandline, but without any special knowledge of git.  If
-	  necessary, any other prerequisites should be specifically
-	  mentioned as they arise.
-	- Whenever possible, section headings should clearly describe
-	  the task they explain how to do, in language that requires
-	  no more knowledge than necessary: for example, "importing
-	  patches into a project" rather than "the git-am command"
+
+- It must be readable in order, from beginning to end, by someone
+  intelligent with a basic grasp of the UNIX command line, but without
+  any special knowledge of git.  If necessary, any other prerequisites
+  should be specifically mentioned as they arise.
+- Whenever possible, section headings should clearly describe the task
+  they explain how to do, in language that requires no more knowledge
+  than necessary: for example, "importing patches into a project" rather
+  than "the `git am` command"
 
 Think about how to create a clear chapter dependency graph that will
 allow people to get to important topics without necessarily reading
 everything in between.
 
-Say something about .gitignore.
-
 Scan Documentation/ for other stuff left out; in particular:
-	howto's
-	some of technical/?
-	hooks
-	list of commands in gitlink:git[1]
+
+- howto's
+- some of technical/?
+- hooks
+- list of commands in linkgit:git[1]
 
 Scan email archives for other stuff left out
 
@@ -3065,3 +4566,9 @@ CVS, Subversion, and just imports of series of release tarballs.
 More details on gitweb?
 
 Write a chapter on using plumbing and writing scripts.
+
+Alternates, clone -reference, etc.
+
+More on recovery from repository corruption.  See:
+	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=117263864820799&w=2
+	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=117147855503798&w=2
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 48715012be..39cde784c9 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.5.1.GIT
+DEF_VER=v1.6.3.GIT
 
 LF='
 '
@@ -11,11 +11,14 @@ LF='
 if test -f version
 then
 	VN=$(cat version) || VN="$DEF_VER"
-elif test -d .git &&
+elif test -d .git -o -f .git &&
 	VN=$(git describe --abbrev=4 HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
 	case "$VN" in
 	*$LF*) (exit 1) ;;
-	v[0-9]*) : happy ;;
+	v[0-9]*)
+		git update-index -q --refresh
+		test -z "$(git diff-index --name-only HEAD --)" ||
+		VN="$VN-dirty" ;;
 	esac
 then
 	VN=$(echo "$VN" | sed -e 's/-/./g');
@@ -25,14 +28,6 @@ fi
 
 VN=$(expr "$VN" : v*'\(.*\)')
 
-dirty=$(sh -c 'git diff-index --name-only HEAD' 2>/dev/null) || dirty=
-case "$dirty" in
-'')
-	;;
-*)
-	VN="$VN-dirty" ;;
-esac
-
 if test -r $GVF
 then
 	VC=$(sed -e 's/^GIT_VERSION = //' <$GVF)
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index 361c65bacc..ae7f7508f8 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
 will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory.  If you want
 to do a global install, you can do
 
-	$ make prefix=/usr all doc ;# as yourself
-	# make prefix=/usr install install-doc ;# as root
+	$ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
+	# make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
 
 (or prefix=/usr/local, of course).  Just like any program suite
 that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
@@ -19,24 +19,20 @@ set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
 	$ make configure ;# as yourself
 	$ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
 	$ make all doc ;# as yourself
-	# make install install-doc ;# as root
+	# make install install-doc install-html;# as root
 
 
 Issues of note:
 
- - git normally installs a helper script wrapper called "git", which
-   conflicts with a similarly named "GNU interactive tools" program.
+ - Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
+   program "git", whose name conflicts with this program.  But with
+   version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
+   around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
+   longer a problem.
 
-   Tough.  Either don't use the wrapper script, or delete the old GNU
-   interactive tools.  None of the core git stuff needs the wrapper,
-   it's just a convenient shorthand and while it is documented in some
-   places, you can always replace "git commit" with "git-commit"
-   instead. 
-
-   But let's face it, most of us don't have GNU interactive tools, and
-   even if we had it, we wouldn't know what it does.  I don't think it
-   has been actively developed since 1997, and people have moved over to
-   graphical file managers.
+   NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
+   Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
+   with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
 
  - You can use git after building but without installing if you
    wanted to.  Various git commands need to find other git
@@ -56,29 +52,28 @@ Issues of note:
 
 	- "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
 
-	- "openssl".  The git-rev-list program uses bignum support from
-	  openssl, and unless you specify otherwise, you'll also get the
-	  SHA1 library from here.
+	- "openssl".  Unless you specify otherwise, you'll get the SHA1
+	  library from here.
 
 	  If you don't have openssl, you can use one of the SHA1 libraries
 	  that come with git (git includes the one from Mozilla, and has
 	  its own PowerPC and ARM optimized ones too - see the Makefile).
 
-	- "libcurl" and "curl" executable.  git-http-fetch and
-	  git-fetch use them.  If you do not use http
-	  transfer, you are probably OK if you do not have
-	  them.
+	- libcurl library; git-http-fetch and git-fetch use them.  You
+	  might also want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes.
+	  If you do not use http transfer, you are probably OK if you
+	  do not have them.
 
 	- expat library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
 	  management over DAV.  Similar to "curl" above, this is optional.
 
         - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
-          history graphically
+          history graphically, and in git-gui.
 
 	- "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net
 
 	- "perl" and POSIX-compliant shells are needed to use most of
-	  the barebone Porcelainish scripts.
+	  the bare-bones Porcelainish scripts.
 
  - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
    but depending on your specific installation, you may not
@@ -89,10 +84,32 @@ Issues of note:
    will include them.  Note that config.mak is not distributed;
    the name is reserved for local settings.
 
- - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have the
-   asciidoc/xmlto toolchain.  Alternatively, pre-formatted
-   documentation are available in "html" and "man" branches of the git
-   repository itself.  For example, you could:
+ - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
+   the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain.  Because not many people are
+   inclined to install the tools, the default build target
+   ("make all") does _not_ build them.
+
+   "make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
+   also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
+   requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
+   requires both.
+
+   "make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
+   are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
+   install-info".
+
+   Building and installing the info file additionally requires
+   makeinfo and docbook2X.  Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
+
+   Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
+   dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
+
+   The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but "make
+   ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease doc" will let you format with AsciiDoc 8.
+
+   Alternatively, pre-formatted documentation is available in
+   "html" and "man" branches of the git repository itself.  For
+   example, you could:
 
 	$ mkdir manual && cd manual
 	$ git init
@@ -112,3 +129,13 @@ Issues of note:
 
 	http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
 
+   There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
+   and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
+   and html documentation.
+   This does not require asciidoc/xmlto, but it only works from within
+   a cloned checkout of git.git with these two extra branches, and will
+   not work for the maintainer for obvious chicken-and-egg reasons.
+
+   It has been reported that docbook-xsl version 1.72 and 1.73 are
+   buggy; 1.72 misformats manual pages for callouts, and 1.73 needs
+   the patch in contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a77d31de98..daf4296706 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -3,10 +3,22 @@ all::
 
 # Define V=1 to have a more verbose compile.
 #
+# Define SHELL_PATH to a POSIX shell if your /bin/sh is broken.
+#
+# Define SANE_TOOL_PATH to a colon-separated list of paths to prepend
+# to PATH if your tools in /usr/bin are broken.
+#
+# Define SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS if your are on a system which snprintf()
+# or vsnprintf() return -1 instead of number of characters which would
+# have been written to the final string if enough space had been available.
+#
+# Define FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES if your are on a system which succeeds
+# when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory.
+#
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
 # This also implies MOZILLA_SHA1.
 #
-# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
+# Define NO_CURL if you do not have libcurl installed.  git-http-pull and
 # git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
 # transports.
 #
@@ -16,6 +28,9 @@ all::
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
 #
+# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+#
 # Define NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT if you don't have d_ino in your struct dirent.
 #
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
@@ -28,6 +43,8 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 #
+# Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
+#
 # Define NO_STRLCPY if you don't have strlcpy.
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have strtoumax in the C library.
@@ -36,6 +53,18 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_SETENV if you don't have setenv in the C library.
 #
+# Define NO_UNSETENV if you don't have unsetenv in the C library.
+#
+# Define NO_MKDTEMP if you don't have mkdtemp in the C library.
+#
+# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
+#
+# Define NO_LIBGEN_H if you don't have libgen.h.
+#
+# Define NEEDS_LIBGEN if your libgen needs -lgen when linking
+#
+# Define NO_SYS_SELECT_H if you don't have sys/select.h.
+#
 # Define NO_SYMLINK_HEAD if you never want .git/HEAD to be a symbolic link.
 # Enable it on Windows.  By default, symrefs are still used.
 #
@@ -73,8 +102,14 @@ all::
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
 # Patrick Mauritz).
 #
+# Define NEEDS_RESOLV if linking with -lnsl and/or -lsocket is not enough.
+# Notably on Solaris hstrerror resides in libresolv and on Solaris 7
+# inet_ntop and inet_pton additionally reside there.
+#
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
+# Define NO_PTHREADS if you do not have or do not want to use Pthreads.
+#
 # Define NO_PREAD if you have a problem with pread() system call (e.g.
 # cygwin.dll before v1.5.22).
 #
@@ -94,9 +129,11 @@ all::
 # Define OLD_ICONV if your library has an old iconv(), where the second
 # (input buffer pointer) parameter is declared with type (const char **).
 #
-# Define NO_R_TO_GCC if your gcc does not like "-R/path/lib" that
-# tells runtime paths to dynamic libraries; "-Wl,-rpath=/path/lib"
-# is used instead.
+# Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if your zlib does not have deflateBound.
+#
+# Define NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER if your gcc does not like "-R/path/lib"
+# that tells runtime paths to dynamic libraries;
+# "-Wl,-rpath=/path/lib" is used instead.
 #
 # Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
 # and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
@@ -104,20 +141,63 @@ all::
 # randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
 # times (my ext3 doesn't).
 #
+# Define USE_ST_TIMESPEC if your "struct stat" uses "st_ctimespec" instead of
+# "st_ctim"
+#
+# Define NO_NSEC if your "struct stat" does not have "st_ctim.tv_nsec"
+# available.  This automatically turns USE_NSEC off.
+#
 # Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
-# change being considered an inode change from the update-cache perspective.
+# change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective.
+#
+# Define NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT if your platform does not have st_blocks
+# field that counts the on-disk footprint in 512-byte blocks.
+#
+# Define ASCIIDOC8 if you want to format documentation with AsciiDoc 8
+#
+# Define DOCBOOK_XSL_172 if you want to format man pages with DocBook XSL v1.72.
 #
 # Define NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER if you cannot use Makefiles generated by perl's
 # MakeMaker (e.g. using ActiveState under Cygwin).
 #
-# Define WITH_P4IMPORT to build and install Python git-p4import script.
+# Define NO_PERL if you do not want Perl scripts or libraries at all.
 #
 # Define NO_TCLTK if you do not want Tcl/Tk GUI.
 #
-# The TCLTK_PATH variable governs the location of the Tck/Tk interpreter.
+# The TCL_PATH variable governs the location of the Tcl interpreter
+# used to optimize git-gui for your system.  Only used if NO_TCLTK
+# is not set.  Defaults to the bare 'tclsh'.
+#
+# The TCLTK_PATH variable governs the location of the Tcl/Tk interpreter.
 # If not set it defaults to the bare 'wish'. If it is set to the empty
 # string then NO_TCLTK will be forced (this is used by configure script).
 #
+# Define THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH if you have pthreads and wish to exploit
+# parallel delta searching when packing objects.
+#
+# Define INTERNAL_QSORT to use Git's implementation of qsort(), which
+# is a simplified version of the merge sort used in glibc. This is
+# recommended if Git triggers O(n^2) behavior in your platform's qsort().
+#
+# Define NO_EXTERNAL_GREP if you don't want "git grep" to ever call
+# your external grep (e.g., if your system lacks grep, if its grep is
+# broken, or spawning external process is slower than built-in grep git has).
+#
+# Define UNRELIABLE_FSTAT if your system's fstat does not return the same
+# information on a not yet closed file that lstat would return for the same
+# file after it was closed.
+#
+# Define OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES if your operating systems has problems
+# when hardlinking a file to another name and unlinking the original file right
+# away (some NTFS drivers seem to zero the contents in that scenario).
+#
+# Define NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS if you plan to distribute the installed
+# programs as a tar, where bin/ and libexec/ might be on different file systems.
+#
+# Define USE_NED_ALLOCATOR if you want to replace the platforms default
+# memory allocators with the nedmalloc allocator written by Niall Douglas.
+#
+# Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -128,6 +208,7 @@ uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 
 # CFLAGS and LDFLAGS are for the users to override from the command line.
 
@@ -137,18 +218,45 @@ ALL_CFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS = $(LDFLAGS)
 STRIP ?= strip
 
+# Among the variables below, these:
+#   gitexecdir
+#   template_dir
+#   mandir
+#   infodir
+#   htmldir
+#   ETC_GITCONFIG (but not sysconfdir)
+# can be specified as a relative path some/where/else;
+# this is interpreted as relative to $(prefix) and "git" at
+# runtime figures out where they are based on the path to the executable.
+# This can help installing the suite in a relocatable way.
+
 prefix = $(HOME)
-bindir = $(prefix)/bin
-gitexecdir = $(bindir)
-template_dir = $(prefix)/share/git-core/templates/
-ETC_GITCONFIG = $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig
+bindir_relative = bin
+bindir = $(prefix)/$(bindir_relative)
+mandir = share/man
+infodir = share/info
+gitexecdir = libexec/git-core
+sharedir = $(prefix)/share
+template_dir = share/git-core/templates
+htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
+ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
+sysconfdir = /etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
+else
+sysconfdir = $(prefix)/etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = etc/gitconfig
+endif
+lib = lib
 # DESTDIR=
+pathsep = :
 
 # default configuration for gitweb
 GITWEB_CONFIG = gitweb_config.perl
+GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM = /etc/gitweb.conf
 GITWEB_HOME_LINK_STR = projects
 GITWEB_SITENAME =
 GITWEB_PROJECTROOT = /pub/git
+GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH = 2007
 GITWEB_EXPORT_OK =
 GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT =
 GITWEB_BASE_URL =
@@ -160,14 +268,20 @@ GITWEB_FAVICON = git-favicon.png
 GITWEB_SITE_HEADER =
 GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER =
 
-export prefix bindir gitexecdir template_dir
+export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir
 
 CC = gcc
 AR = ar
+RM = rm -f
 TAR = tar
+FIND = find
 INSTALL = install
 RPMBUILD = rpmbuild
+TCL_PATH = tclsh
 TCLTK_PATH = wish
+PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
+
+export TCL_PATH TCLTK_PATH
 
 # sparse is architecture-neutral, which means that we need to tell it
 # explicitly what architecture to check for. Fix this up for yours..
@@ -183,84 +297,97 @@ SPARSE_FLAGS = -D__BIG_ENDIAN__ -D__powerpc__
 BASIC_CFLAGS =
 BASIC_LDFLAGS =
 
-SCRIPT_SH = \
-	git-bisect.sh git-checkout.sh \
-	git-clean.sh git-clone.sh git-commit.sh \
-	git-fetch.sh \
-	git-ls-remote.sh \
-	git-merge-one-file.sh git-mergetool.sh git-parse-remote.sh \
-	git-pull.sh git-rebase.sh \
-	git-repack.sh git-request-pull.sh git-reset.sh \
-	git-sh-setup.sh \
-	git-tag.sh git-verify-tag.sh \
-	git-applymbox.sh git-applypatch.sh git-am.sh \
-	git-merge.sh git-merge-stupid.sh git-merge-octopus.sh \
-	git-merge-resolve.sh git-merge-ours.sh \
-	git-lost-found.sh git-quiltimport.sh
-
-SCRIPT_PERL = \
-	git-add--interactive.perl \
-	git-archimport.perl git-cvsimport.perl git-relink.perl \
-	git-cvsserver.perl git-remote.perl \
-	git-svnimport.perl git-cvsexportcommit.perl \
-	git-send-email.perl git-svn.perl
-
-SCRIPT_PYTHON = \
-	git-p4import.py
-
-ifdef WITH_P4IMPORT
-SCRIPTS = $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
-	  $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
-	  $(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)) \
-	  git-status git-instaweb
-else
+# Guard against environment variables
+BUILTIN_OBJS =
+BUILT_INS =
+COMPAT_CFLAGS =
+COMPAT_OBJS =
+LIB_H =
+LIB_OBJS =
+PROGRAMS =
+SCRIPT_PERL =
+SCRIPT_SH =
+TEST_PROGRAMS =
+
+SCRIPT_SH += git-am.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-bisect.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-difftool--helper.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-filter-branch.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-lost-found.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-octopus.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-one-file.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-resolve.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool--lib.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-parse-remote.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-pull.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-quiltimport.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-rebase--interactive.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-rebase.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-repack.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-request-pull.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-sh-setup.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-stash.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-submodule.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-web--browse.sh
+
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-add--interactive.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-difftool.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-archimport.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsexportcommit.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsimport.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsserver.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-relink.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-send-email.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-svn.perl
+
 SCRIPTS = $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
 	  $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
-	  git-status git-instaweb
-endif
-
-
-# ... and all the rest that could be moved out of bindir to gitexecdir
-PROGRAMS = \
-	git-convert-objects$X git-fetch-pack$X git-fsck$X \
-	git-hash-object$X git-index-pack$X git-local-fetch$X \
-	git-fast-import$X \
-	git-merge-base$X \
-	git-daemon$X \
-	git-merge-index$X git-mktag$X git-mktree$X git-patch-id$X \
-	git-peek-remote$X git-receive-pack$X \
-	git-send-pack$X git-shell$X \
-	git-show-index$X git-ssh-fetch$X \
-	git-ssh-upload$X git-unpack-file$X \
-	git-update-server-info$X \
-	git-upload-pack$X git-verify-pack$X \
-	git-pack-redundant$X git-var$X \
-	git-merge-tree$X git-imap-send$X \
-	git-merge-recursive$X \
-	$(EXTRA_PROGRAMS)
+	  git-instaweb
 
 # Empty...
 EXTRA_PROGRAMS =
 
-BUILT_INS = \
-	git-format-patch$X git-show$X git-whatchanged$X git-cherry$X \
-	git-get-tar-commit-id$X git-init$X git-repo-config$X \
-	git-fsck-objects$X git-cherry-pick$X \
-	$(patsubst builtin-%.o,git-%$X,$(BUILTIN_OBJS))
+# ... and all the rest that could be moved out of bindir to gitexecdir
+PROGRAMS += $(EXTRA_PROGRAMS)
+PROGRAMS += git-fast-import$X
+PROGRAMS += git-hash-object$X
+PROGRAMS += git-index-pack$X
+PROGRAMS += git-merge-index$X
+PROGRAMS += git-merge-tree$X
+PROGRAMS += git-mktag$X
+PROGRAMS += git-pack-redundant$X
+PROGRAMS += git-patch-id$X
+PROGRAMS += git-shell$X
+PROGRAMS += git-show-index$X
+PROGRAMS += git-unpack-file$X
+PROGRAMS += git-update-server-info$X
+PROGRAMS += git-upload-pack$X
+PROGRAMS += git-var$X
+
+# List built-in command $C whose implementation cmd_$C() is not in
+# builtin-$C.o but is linked in as part of some other command.
+BUILT_INS += $(patsubst builtin-%.o,git-%$X,$(BUILTIN_OBJS))
+
+BUILT_INS += git-cherry$X
+BUILT_INS += git-cherry-pick$X
+BUILT_INS += git-format-patch$X
+BUILT_INS += git-fsck-objects$X
+BUILT_INS += git-get-tar-commit-id$X
+BUILT_INS += git-init$X
+BUILT_INS += git-merge-subtree$X
+BUILT_INS += git-peek-remote$X
+BUILT_INS += git-repo-config$X
+BUILT_INS += git-show$X
+BUILT_INS += git-stage$X
+BUILT_INS += git-status$X
+BUILT_INS += git-whatchanged$X
 
 # what 'all' will build and 'install' will install, in gitexecdir
 ALL_PROGRAMS = $(PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPTS)
 
-ALL_PROGRAMS += git-merge-subtree$X
-
 # what 'all' will build but not install in gitexecdir
-OTHER_PROGRAMS = git$X gitweb/gitweb.cgi
-ifndef NO_TCLTK
-OTHER_PROGRAMS += gitk-wish
-endif
-
-# Backward compatibility -- to be removed after 1.0
-PROGRAMS += git-ssh-pull$X git-ssh-push$X
+OTHER_PROGRAMS = git$X
 
 # Set paths to tools early so that they can be used for version tests.
 ifndef SHELL_PATH
@@ -269,106 +396,255 @@ endif
 ifndef PERL_PATH
 	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
 endif
-ifndef PYTHON_PATH
-	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
-endif
 
 export PERL_PATH
 
 LIB_FILE=libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB=xdiff/lib.a
 
-LIB_H = \
-	archive.h blob.h cache.h commit.h csum-file.h delta.h grep.h \
-	diff.h object.h pack.h pkt-line.h quote.h refs.h list-objects.h sideband.h \
-	run-command.h strbuf.h tag.h tree.h git-compat-util.h revision.h \
-	tree-walk.h log-tree.h dir.h path-list.h unpack-trees.h builtin.h \
-	utf8.h reflog-walk.h
-
-DIFF_OBJS = \
-	diff.o diff-lib.o diffcore-break.o diffcore-order.o \
-	diffcore-pickaxe.o diffcore-rename.o tree-diff.o combine-diff.o \
-	diffcore-delta.o log-tree.o
-
-LIB_OBJS = \
-	blob.o commit.o connect.o csum-file.o cache-tree.o base85.o \
-	date.o diff-delta.o entry.o exec_cmd.o ident.o \
-	interpolate.o \
-	lockfile.o \
-	object.o pack-check.o patch-delta.o path.o pkt-line.o sideband.o \
-	reachable.o reflog-walk.o \
-	quote.o read-cache.o refs.o run-command.o dir.o object-refs.o \
-	server-info.o setup.o sha1_file.o sha1_name.o strbuf.o \
-	tag.o tree.o usage.o config.o environment.o ctype.o copy.o \
-	revision.o pager.o tree-walk.o xdiff-interface.o \
-	write_or_die.o trace.o list-objects.o grep.o match-trees.o \
-	alloc.o merge-file.o path-list.o help.o unpack-trees.o $(DIFF_OBJS) \
-	color.o wt-status.o archive-zip.o archive-tar.o shallow.o utf8.o \
-	convert.o
-
-BUILTIN_OBJS = \
-	builtin-add.o \
-	builtin-annotate.o \
-	builtin-apply.o \
-	builtin-archive.o \
-	builtin-blame.o \
-	builtin-branch.o \
-	builtin-bundle.o \
-	builtin-cat-file.o \
-	builtin-checkout-index.o \
-	builtin-check-ref-format.o \
-	builtin-commit-tree.o \
-	builtin-count-objects.o \
-	builtin-describe.o \
-	builtin-diff.o \
-	builtin-diff-files.o \
-	builtin-diff-index.o \
-	builtin-diff-tree.o \
-	builtin-fetch--tool.o \
-	builtin-fmt-merge-msg.o \
-	builtin-for-each-ref.o \
-	builtin-fsck.o \
-	builtin-gc.o \
-	builtin-grep.o \
-	builtin-init-db.o \
-	builtin-log.o \
-	builtin-ls-files.o \
-	builtin-ls-tree.o \
-	builtin-mailinfo.o \
-	builtin-mailsplit.o \
-	builtin-merge-base.o \
-	builtin-merge-file.o \
-	builtin-mv.o \
-	builtin-name-rev.o \
-	builtin-pack-objects.o \
-	builtin-prune.o \
-	builtin-prune-packed.o \
-	builtin-push.o \
-	builtin-read-tree.o \
-	builtin-reflog.o \
-	builtin-config.o \
-	builtin-rerere.o \
-	builtin-rev-list.o \
-	builtin-rev-parse.o \
-	builtin-revert.o \
-	builtin-rm.o \
-	builtin-runstatus.o \
-	builtin-shortlog.o \
-	builtin-show-branch.o \
-	builtin-stripspace.o \
-	builtin-symbolic-ref.o \
-	builtin-tar-tree.o \
-	builtin-unpack-objects.o \
-	builtin-update-index.o \
-	builtin-update-ref.o \
-	builtin-upload-archive.o \
-	builtin-verify-pack.o \
-	builtin-write-tree.o \
-	builtin-show-ref.o \
-	builtin-pack-refs.o
+LIB_H += archive.h
+LIB_H += attr.h
+LIB_H += blob.h
+LIB_H += builtin.h
+LIB_H += cache.h
+LIB_H += cache-tree.h
+LIB_H += commit.h
+LIB_H += compat/cygwin.h
+LIB_H += compat/mingw.h
+LIB_H += csum-file.h
+LIB_H += decorate.h
+LIB_H += delta.h
+LIB_H += diffcore.h
+LIB_H += diff.h
+LIB_H += dir.h
+LIB_H += fsck.h
+LIB_H += git-compat-util.h
+LIB_H += graph.h
+LIB_H += grep.h
+LIB_H += hash.h
+LIB_H += help.h
+LIB_H += levenshtein.h
+LIB_H += list-objects.h
+LIB_H += ll-merge.h
+LIB_H += log-tree.h
+LIB_H += mailmap.h
+LIB_H += merge-recursive.h
+LIB_H += object.h
+LIB_H += pack.h
+LIB_H += pack-refs.h
+LIB_H += pack-revindex.h
+LIB_H += parse-options.h
+LIB_H += patch-ids.h
+LIB_H += pkt-line.h
+LIB_H += progress.h
+LIB_H += quote.h
+LIB_H += reflog-walk.h
+LIB_H += refs.h
+LIB_H += remote.h
+LIB_H += rerere.h
+LIB_H += revision.h
+LIB_H += run-command.h
+LIB_H += sha1-lookup.h
+LIB_H += sideband.h
+LIB_H += sigchain.h
+LIB_H += strbuf.h
+LIB_H += string-list.h
+LIB_H += tag.h
+LIB_H += transport.h
+LIB_H += tree.h
+LIB_H += tree-walk.h
+LIB_H += unpack-trees.h
+LIB_H += userdiff.h
+LIB_H += utf8.h
+LIB_H += wt-status.h
+
+LIB_OBJS += abspath.o
+LIB_OBJS += alias.o
+LIB_OBJS += alloc.o
+LIB_OBJS += archive.o
+LIB_OBJS += archive-tar.o
+LIB_OBJS += archive-zip.o
+LIB_OBJS += attr.o
+LIB_OBJS += base85.o
+LIB_OBJS += bisect.o
+LIB_OBJS += blob.o
+LIB_OBJS += branch.o
+LIB_OBJS += bundle.o
+LIB_OBJS += cache-tree.o
+LIB_OBJS += color.o
+LIB_OBJS += combine-diff.o
+LIB_OBJS += commit.o
+LIB_OBJS += config.o
+LIB_OBJS += connect.o
+LIB_OBJS += convert.o
+LIB_OBJS += copy.o
+LIB_OBJS += csum-file.o
+LIB_OBJS += ctype.o
+LIB_OBJS += date.o
+LIB_OBJS += decorate.o
+LIB_OBJS += diffcore-break.o
+LIB_OBJS += diffcore-delta.o
+LIB_OBJS += diffcore-order.o
+LIB_OBJS += diffcore-pickaxe.o
+LIB_OBJS += diffcore-rename.o
+LIB_OBJS += diff-delta.o
+LIB_OBJS += diff-lib.o
+LIB_OBJS += diff-no-index.o
+LIB_OBJS += diff.o
+LIB_OBJS += dir.o
+LIB_OBJS += editor.o
+LIB_OBJS += entry.o
+LIB_OBJS += environment.o
+LIB_OBJS += exec_cmd.o
+LIB_OBJS += fsck.o
+LIB_OBJS += graph.o
+LIB_OBJS += grep.o
+LIB_OBJS += hash.o
+LIB_OBJS += help.o
+LIB_OBJS += ident.o
+LIB_OBJS += levenshtein.o
+LIB_OBJS += list-objects.o
+LIB_OBJS += ll-merge.o
+LIB_OBJS += lockfile.o
+LIB_OBJS += log-tree.o
+LIB_OBJS += mailmap.o
+LIB_OBJS += match-trees.o
+LIB_OBJS += merge-file.o
+LIB_OBJS += merge-recursive.o
+LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
+LIB_OBJS += object.o
+LIB_OBJS += pack-check.o
+LIB_OBJS += pack-refs.o
+LIB_OBJS += pack-revindex.o
+LIB_OBJS += pack-write.o
+LIB_OBJS += pager.o
+LIB_OBJS += parse-options.o
+LIB_OBJS += patch-delta.o
+LIB_OBJS += patch-ids.o
+LIB_OBJS += path.o
+LIB_OBJS += pkt-line.o
+LIB_OBJS += preload-index.o
+LIB_OBJS += pretty.o
+LIB_OBJS += progress.o
+LIB_OBJS += quote.o
+LIB_OBJS += reachable.o
+LIB_OBJS += read-cache.o
+LIB_OBJS += reflog-walk.o
+LIB_OBJS += refs.o
+LIB_OBJS += remote.o
+LIB_OBJS += rerere.o
+LIB_OBJS += revision.o
+LIB_OBJS += run-command.o
+LIB_OBJS += server-info.o
+LIB_OBJS += setup.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1-lookup.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1_file.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1_name.o
+LIB_OBJS += shallow.o
+LIB_OBJS += sideband.o
+LIB_OBJS += sigchain.o
+LIB_OBJS += strbuf.o
+LIB_OBJS += string-list.o
+LIB_OBJS += symlinks.o
+LIB_OBJS += tag.o
+LIB_OBJS += trace.o
+LIB_OBJS += transport.o
+LIB_OBJS += tree-diff.o
+LIB_OBJS += tree.o
+LIB_OBJS += tree-walk.o
+LIB_OBJS += unpack-trees.o
+LIB_OBJS += usage.o
+LIB_OBJS += userdiff.o
+LIB_OBJS += utf8.o
+LIB_OBJS += walker.o
+LIB_OBJS += wrapper.o
+LIB_OBJS += write_or_die.o
+LIB_OBJS += ws.o
+LIB_OBJS += wt-status.o
+LIB_OBJS += xdiff-interface.o
+
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-add.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-annotate.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-apply.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-archive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-bisect--helper.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-blame.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-branch.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-bundle.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-cat-file.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-check-attr.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-check-ref-format.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-checkout-index.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-checkout.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-clean.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-clone.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-commit-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-commit.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-config.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-count-objects.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-describe.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff-files.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff-index.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fast-export.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch--tool.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch-pack.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fmt-merge-msg.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-for-each-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fsck.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-gc.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-grep.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-help.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-init-db.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-log.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-ls-files.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-ls-remote.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-ls-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mailinfo.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mailsplit.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-base.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-file.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-ours.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-recursive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mktree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mv.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-name-rev.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-pack-objects.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-pack-refs.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-prune-packed.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-prune.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-push.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-read-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-receive-pack.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-reflog.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-remote.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rerere.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-reset.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rev-list.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rev-parse.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-revert.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rm.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-send-pack.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-shortlog.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-show-branch.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-show-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-stripspace.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-symbolic-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-tag.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-tar-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-unpack-objects.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-update-index.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-update-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-upload-archive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-verify-pack.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-verify-tag.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-write-tree.o
 
 GITLIBS = $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
-EXTLIBS = -lz
+EXTLIBS =
 
 #
 # Platform specific tweaks
@@ -380,23 +656,90 @@ EXTLIBS = -lz
 
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
+	CC = cc
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.2)
+		CFLAGS = -O2
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5)
+		CC = cc
+		BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	endif
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
+		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	endif
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
 	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
+		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	endif
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
-		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
@@ -408,18 +751,24 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	endif
-	INSTALL = ginstall
+	ifdef NO_IPV6
+		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
+	endif
+	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
 	TAR = gtar
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
 	NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 	NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
 	# There are conflicting reports about this.
 	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
 	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
@@ -429,46 +778,166 @@ ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
+		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
+		NO_UINTMAX_T = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	endif
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
 	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
 		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	endif
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib
-	ALL_LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,/usr/pkg/lib
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
 	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
+	ifneq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	else
+		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	endif
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
+	# GNU/Hurd
+	NO_STRLCPY=YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
+	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH=/usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
 	NO_IPV6=YesPlease
 	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE=YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH=/usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPATH_MAX=1024
-	# for now, build 32-bit version
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib32
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+endif
+ifneq (,$(findstring CYGWIN,$(uname_S)))
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+endif
+ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NO_OPENSSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/fnmatch
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/winansi.o
+	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
+	X = .exe
+ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
+	htmldir=doc/git/html/
+	prefix =
+	INSTALL = /bin/install
+	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+else
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+endif
 endif
 ifneq (,$(findstring arm,$(uname_M)))
 	ARM_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 endif
 
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
+ifdef SANE_TOOL_PATH
+SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SANE_TOOL_PATH))
+BROKEN_PATH_FIX = 's|^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$|git_broken_path_fix $(SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ)|'
+PATH := $(SANE_TOOL_PATH):${PATH}
+else
+BROKEN_PATH_FIX = '/^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$/d'
+endif
+
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	ifndef NO_FINK
 		ifeq ($(shell test -d /sw/lib && echo y),y)
@@ -482,25 +951,37 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 			BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/opt/local/lib
 		endif
 	endif
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
 endif
 
-ifdef NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER
-	# Some gcc does not accept and pass -R to the linker to specify
-	# the runtime dynamic library path.
-	CC_LD_DYNPATH = -Wl,-rpath=
-else
-	CC_LD_DYNPATH = -R
+ifndef CC_LD_DYNPATH
+	ifdef NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER
+		# Some gcc does not accept and pass -R to the linker to specify
+		# the runtime dynamic library path.
+		CC_LD_DYNPATH = -Wl,-rpath,
+	else
+		CC_LD_DYNPATH = -R
+	endif
 endif
 
-ifndef NO_CURL
+ifdef NO_LIBGEN_H
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_LIBGEN_H
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/basename.o
+endif
+
+ifdef NO_CURL
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_CURL
+else
 	ifdef CURLDIR
-		# Try "-Wl,-rpath=$(CURLDIR)/lib" in such a case.
+		# Try "-Wl,-rpath=$(CURLDIR)/$(lib)" in such a case.
 		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(CURLDIR)/include
-		CURL_LIBCURL = -L$(CURLDIR)/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(CURLDIR)/lib -lcurl
+		CURL_LIBCURL = -L$(CURLDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(CURLDIR)/$(lib) -lcurl
 	else
 		CURL_LIBCURL = -lcurl
 	endif
-	PROGRAMS += git-http-fetch$X
+	BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-http-fetch.o
+	EXTLIBS += $(CURL_LIBCURL)
+	LIB_OBJS += http.o http-walker.o
 	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; curl-config --vernum) | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
 	ifeq "$(curl_check)" "070908"
 		ifndef NO_EXPAT
@@ -508,15 +989,30 @@ ifndef NO_CURL
 		endif
 	endif
 	ifndef NO_EXPAT
-		EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -lexpat
+		ifdef EXPATDIR
+			BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(EXPATDIR)/include
+			EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -L$(EXPATDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(EXPATDIR)/$(lib) -lexpat
+		else
+			EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -lexpat
+		endif
 	endif
 endif
 
+ifdef ZLIB_PATH
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ZLIB_PATH)/include
+	EXTLIBS += -L$(ZLIB_PATH)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(ZLIB_PATH)/$(lib)
+endif
+EXTLIBS += -lz
+
+ifndef NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS
+	PROGRAMS += git-daemon$X
+	PROGRAMS += git-imap-send$X
+endif
 ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL = -lssl
 	ifdef OPENSSLDIR
 		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(OPENSSLDIR)/include
-		OPENSSL_LINK = -L$(OPENSSLDIR)/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(OPENSSLDIR)/lib
+		OPENSSL_LINK = -L$(OPENSSLDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(OPENSSLDIR)/$(lib)
 	else
 		OPENSSL_LINK =
 	endif
@@ -533,27 +1029,53 @@ endif
 ifdef NEEDS_LIBICONV
 	ifdef ICONVDIR
 		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ICONVDIR)/include
-		ICONV_LINK = -L$(ICONVDIR)/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(ICONVDIR)/lib
+		ICONV_LINK = -L$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib)
 	else
 		ICONV_LINK =
 	endif
 	EXTLIBS += $(ICONV_LINK) -liconv
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_LIBGEN
+	EXTLIBS += -lgen
+endif
 ifdef NEEDS_SOCKET
 	EXTLIBS += -lsocket
 endif
 ifdef NEEDS_NSL
 	EXTLIBS += -lnsl
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_RESOLV
+	EXTLIBS += -lresolv
+endif
 ifdef NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 endif
 ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 endif
+ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
+endif
+ifdef USE_NSEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_NSEC
+endif
+ifdef USE_ST_TIMESPEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_ST_TIMESPEC
+endif
+ifdef NO_NSEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_NSEC
+endif
 ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_C99_FORMAT
 endif
+ifdef SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/snprintf.o
+endif
+ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DFREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/fopen.o
+endif
 ifdef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYMLINK_HEAD
 endif
@@ -576,13 +1098,32 @@ ifdef NO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/setenv.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_MKDTEMP
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKDTEMP
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkdtemp.o
+endif
+ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKSTEMPS
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkstemps.o
+endif
 ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/unsetenv.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_SYS_SELECT_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYS_SELECT_H
+endif
 ifdef NO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mmap.o
+else
+	ifdef USE_WIN32_MMAP
+		COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_WIN32_MMAP
+		COMPAT_OBJS += compat/win32mmap.o
+	endif
+endif
+ifdef OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DOBJECT_CREATION_MODE=1
 endif
 ifdef NO_PREAD
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_PREAD
@@ -597,6 +1138,9 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_IPV6
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_IPV6
 endif
+ifdef NO_UINTMAX_T
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Duintmax_t=uint32_t
+endif
 ifdef NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE
 ifdef NO_IPV6
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Dsockaddr_storage=sockaddr_in
@@ -619,6 +1163,10 @@ ifdef OLD_ICONV
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DOLD_ICONV
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
+endif
+
 ifdef PPC_SHA1
 	SHA1_HEADER = "ppc/sha1.h"
 	LIB_OBJS += ppc/sha1.o ppc/sha1ppc.o
@@ -639,11 +1187,60 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 	export NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 endif
+ifdef NO_HSTRERROR
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_HSTRERROR
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/hstrerror.o
+endif
+ifdef NO_MEMMEM
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MEMMEM
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/memmem.o
+endif
+ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
+endif
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DRUNTIME_PREFIX
+endif
+
+ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH =
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_PTHREADS
+else
+	EXTLIBS += $(PTHREAD_LIBS)
+endif
+
+ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DTHREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+	LIB_OBJS += thread-utils.o
+endif
+ifdef DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DDIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
+endif
+ifdef NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_EXTERNAL_GREP
+endif
+ifdef UNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+endif
+ifdef NO_REGEX
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/regex
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/regex/regex.o
+endif
+
+ifdef USE_NED_ALLOCATOR
+       COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_NED_ALLOCATOR -DOVERRIDE_STRDUP -DNDEBUG -DREPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR -Icompat/nedmalloc
+       COMPAT_OBJS += compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.o
+endif
 
 ifeq ($(TCLTK_PATH),)
 NO_TCLTK=NoThanks
 endif
 
+ifeq ($(PERL_PATH),)
+NO_PERL=NoThanks
+endif
+
 QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
 QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
 
@@ -669,6 +1266,10 @@ ifndef V
 endif
 endif
 
+ifdef ASCIIDOC8
+	export ASCIIDOC8
+endif
+
 # Shell quote (do not use $(call) to accommodate ancient setups);
 
 SHA1_HEADER_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHA1_HEADER))
@@ -676,97 +1277,107 @@ ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITCONFIG))
 
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
+bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
+mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
+infodir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
 template_dir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_dir))
+htmldir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(htmldir))
 prefix_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix))
 
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
-PYTHON_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH))
 TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
 
 LIBS = $(GITLIBS) $(EXTLIBS)
 
 BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_HEADER='$(SHA1_HEADER_SQ)' \
-	-DETC_GITCONFIG='"$(ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ)"' $(COMPAT_CFLAGS)
+	$(COMPAT_CFLAGS)
 LIB_OBJS += $(COMPAT_OBJS)
 
 ALL_CFLAGS += $(BASIC_CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS += $(BASIC_LDFLAGS)
 
-export prefix gitexecdir TAR INSTALL DESTDIR SHELL_PATH template_dir
+export TAR INSTALL DESTDIR SHELL_PATH
 
 
 ### Build rules
 
-all:: $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) $(OTHER_PROGRAMS)
+SHELL = $(SHELL_PATH)
+
+all:: shell_compatibility_test $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) $(OTHER_PROGRAMS) GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 ifneq (,$X)
-	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), rm -f '$p';)
+	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test '$p' -ef '$p$X' || $(RM) '$p';)
 endif
 
 all::
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)git-gui $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) TCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)' all
+	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)git-gui $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) gitexecdir='$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' all
+	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitk-git $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 endif
+ifndef NO_PERL
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' all
+endif
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)templates $(QUIET_SUBDIR1)
 
+please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell:
+	@$$(:)
+
+shell_compatibility_test: please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell
+
 strip: $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 	$(STRIP) $(STRIP_OPTS) $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 
-gitk-wish: gitk GIT-GUI-VARS
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
-	sed -e '1,3s|^exec .* "$$0"|exec $(subst |,'\|',$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)) "$$0"|' <gitk >$@+ && \
-	chmod +x $@+ && \
-	mv -f $@+ $@
+git.o: git.c common-cmds.h GIT-CFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -DGIT_VERSION='"$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
+		'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
+		$(ALL_CFLAGS) -c $(filter %.c,$^)
 
-git$X: git.c common-cmds.h $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(GITLIBS) GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) -DGIT_VERSION='"$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
-		$(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(filter %.c,$^) \
+git$X: git.o $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(GITLIBS)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ git.o \
 		$(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 
-help.o: common-cmds.h
-
-git-merge-subtree$X: git-merge-recursive$X
-	rm -f $@ && ln git-merge-recursive$X $@
+builtin-help.o: builtin-help.c common-cmds.h GIT-CFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
+		'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
+		'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_SQ)"' \
+		'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_SQ)"' $<
 
 $(BUILT_INS): git$X
-	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)rm -f $@ && ln git$X $@
+	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	ln git$X $@ 2>/dev/null || \
+	ln -s git$X $@ 2>/dev/null || \
+	cp git$X $@
+
+common-cmds.h: ./generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt
 
 common-cmds.h: $(wildcard Documentation/git-*.txt)
 	$(QUIET_GEN)./generate-cmdlist.sh > $@+ && mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) : % : %.sh
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
-	    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
+	    -e 's|@SHELL_PATH@|$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
+	    -e $(BROKEN_PATH_FIX) \
 	    $@.sh >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+ifndef NO_PERL
 $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): perl/perl.mak
 
-$(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)) : % : %.py
-	rm -f $@ $@+
-	sed -e '1s|#!.*/python|#!$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ)|' \
-	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
-	    -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
-	    $@.py >$@+
-	chmod +x $@+
-	mv $@+ $@
-
-perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS
+perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS perl/Makefile perl/Makefile.PL
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' $(@F)
 
 $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
-	INSTLIBDIR=`$(MAKE) -C perl -s --no-print-directory instlibdir` && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
+	INSTLIBDIR=`MAKEFLAGS= $(MAKE) -C perl -s --no-print-directory instlibdir` && \
 	sed -e '1{' \
 	    -e '	s|#!.*perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e '	h' \
-	    -e '	s=.*=use lib (split(/:/, $$ENV{GITPERLLIB} || "@@INSTLIBDIR@@"));=' \
+	    -e '	s=.*=use lib (split(/$(pathsep)/, $$ENV{GITPERLLIB} || "@@INSTLIBDIR@@"));=' \
 	    -e '	H' \
 	    -e '	x' \
 	    -e '}' \
@@ -776,18 +1387,18 @@ $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-git-status: git-commit
-	$(QUIET_GEN)cp $< $@+ && mv $@+ $@
-
+OTHER_PROGRAMS += gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's|++GIT_VERSION++|$(GIT_VERSION)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GIT_BINDIR++|$(bindir)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_CONFIG++|$(GITWEB_CONFIG)|g' \
+	    -e 's|++GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM++|$(GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_HOME_LINK_STR++|$(GITWEB_HOME_LINK_STR)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_SITENAME++|$(GITWEB_SITENAME)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_PROJECTROOT++|$(GITWEB_PROJECTROOT)|g' \
+	    -e 's|"++GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH++"|$(GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_EXPORT_OK++|$(GITWEB_EXPORT_OK)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT++|$(GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_BASE_URL++|$(GITWEB_BASE_URL)|g' \
@@ -803,7 +1414,7 @@ gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/gitweb.css
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
@@ -811,93 +1422,116 @@ git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/gitweb.css
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CGI@@/d' \
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CSS@@/r gitweb/gitweb.css' \
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CSS@@/d' \
+	    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
 	    $@.sh > $@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
+else # NO_PERL
+$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) git-instaweb: % : unimplemented.sh
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
+	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
+	    -e 's|@@REASON@@|NO_PERL=$(NO_PERL)|g' \
+	    unimplemented.sh >$@+ && \
+	chmod +x $@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+endif # NO_PERL
 
 configure: configure.ac
-	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $<+ && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $<+ && \
 	sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    $< > $<+ && \
 	autoconf -o $@ $<+ && \
-	rm -f $<+
+	$(RM) $<+
 
 # These can record GIT_VERSION
-git$X git.spec \
+git.o git.spec \
 	$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
 	$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
 	: GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
 %.o: %.c GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
+%.s: %.c GIT-CFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
 %.o: %.S
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
 
 exec_cmd.o: exec_cmd.c GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) '-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' $<
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
+		'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
+		'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
+		'-DPREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"' \
+		$<
+
 builtin-init-db.o: builtin-init-db.c GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DDEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR='"$(template_dir_SQ)"' $<
 
+config.o: config.c GIT-CFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DETC_GITCONFIG='"$(ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ)"' $<
+
 http.o: http.c GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DGIT_USER_AGENT='"git/$(GIT_VERSION)"' $<
 
 ifdef NO_EXPAT
-http-fetch.o: http-fetch.c http.h GIT-CFLAGS
+http-walker.o: http-walker.c http.h GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DNO_EXPAT $<
 endif
 
 git-%$X: %.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
 
-ssh-pull.o: ssh-fetch.c
-ssh-push.o: ssh-upload.c
-git-local-fetch$X: fetch.o
-git-ssh-fetch$X: rsh.o fetch.o
-git-ssh-upload$X: rsh.o
-git-ssh-pull$X: rsh.o fetch.o
-git-ssh-push$X: rsh.o
-
-git-imap-send$X: imap-send.o $(LIB_FILE)
-
-http.o http-fetch.o http-push.o: http.h
-git-http-fetch$X: fetch.o http.o http-fetch.o $(GITLIBS)
+git-imap-send$X: imap-send.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
+		$(LIBS) $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL)
+
+http.o http-walker.o http-push.o transport.o: http.h
 
 git-http-push$X: revision.o http.o http-push.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
 		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
 
-$(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS) fetch.o: $(LIB_H)
-$(patsubst git-%$X,%.o,$(PROGRAMS)): $(LIB_H) $(wildcard */*.h)
-$(DIFF_OBJS): diffcore.h
+$(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS): $(LIB_H)
+$(patsubst git-%$X,%.o,$(PROGRAMS)) git.o: $(LIB_H) $(wildcard */*.h)
+builtin-revert.o wt-status.o: wt-status.h
 
 $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
-	$(QUIET_AR)rm -f $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(LIB_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(LIB_OBJS)
 
 XDIFF_OBJS=xdiff/xdiffi.o xdiff/xprepare.o xdiff/xutils.o xdiff/xemit.o \
-	xdiff/xmerge.o
+	xdiff/xmerge.o xdiff/xpatience.o
 $(XDIFF_OBJS): xdiff/xinclude.h xdiff/xmacros.h xdiff/xdiff.h xdiff/xtypes.h \
 	xdiff/xutils.h xdiff/xprepare.h xdiff/xdiffi.h xdiff/xemit.h
 
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
-	$(QUIET_AR)rm -f $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(XDIFF_OBJS)
-
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
-perl/Makefile: perl/Git.pm perl/Makefile.PL GIT-CFLAGS
-	(cd perl && $(PERL_PATH) Makefile.PL \
-		PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)')
 
 doc:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation all
 
+man:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation man
+
+html:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation html
+
+info:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation info
+
+pdf:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation pdf
+
 TAGS:
-	rm -f TAGS
-	find . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs etags -a
+	$(RM) TAGS
+	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs etags -a
 
 tags:
-	rm -f tags
-	find . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs ctags -a
+	$(RM) tags
+	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs ctags -a
+
+cscope:
+	$(RM) cscope*
+	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs cscope -b
 
 ### Detect prefix changes
 TRACK_CFLAGS = $(subst ','\'',$(ALL_CFLAGS)):\
@@ -910,6 +1544,15 @@ GIT-CFLAGS: .FORCE-GIT-CFLAGS
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-CFLAGS; \
             fi
 
+# We need to apply sq twice, once to protect from the shell
+# that runs GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS, and then again to protect it
+# and the first level quoting from the shell that runs "echo".
+GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS: .FORCE-GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+	@echo SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >$@
+	@echo TAR=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TAR)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_CURL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_CURL)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_PERL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL)))'\' >>$@
+
 ### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
 TRACK_VARS = $(subst ','\'',-DTCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)')
@@ -926,72 +1569,134 @@ endif
 
 ### Testing rules
 
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-chmtime$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-ctype$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-date$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-delta$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-dump-cache-tree$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-genrandom$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-match-trees$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-parse-options$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-path-utils$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sha1$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sigchain$X
+
+all:: $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
+
 # GNU make supports exporting all variables by "export" without parameters.
 # However, the environment gets quite big, and some programs have problems
 # with that.
 
 export NO_SVN_TESTS
 
-test: all test-chmtime$X
+test: all
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ all
 
-test-date$X: test-date.c date.o ctype.o
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) test-date.c date.o ctype.o
+test-ctype$X: ctype.o
 
-test-delta$X: test-delta.o diff-delta.o patch-delta.o $(GITLIBS)
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
+test-date$X: date.o ctype.o
 
-test-dump-cache-tree$X: dump-cache-tree.o $(GITLIBS)
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
+test-delta$X: diff-delta.o patch-delta.o
 
-test-sha1$X: test-sha1.o $(GITLIBS)
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
+test-parse-options$X: parse-options.o
 
-test-match-trees$X: test-match-trees.o $(GITLIBS)
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
+test-parse-options.o: parse-options.h
 
-test-chmtime$X: test-chmtime.c
-	$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $<
+.PRECIOUS: $(patsubst test-%$X,test-%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS))
+
+test-%$X: test-%.o $(GITLIBS)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
 
 check-sha1:: test-sha1$X
 	./test-sha1.sh
 
 check: common-cmds.h
-	for i in *.c; do sparse $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(SPARSE_FLAGS) $$i || exit; done
-
+	if sparse; \
+	then \
+		for i in *.c; \
+		do \
+			sparse $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(SPARSE_FLAGS) $$i || exit; \
+		done; \
+	else \
+		echo 2>&1 "Did you mean 'make test'?"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
 
+remove-dashes:
+	./fixup-builtins $(BUILT_INS) $(PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPTS)
 
 ### Installation rules
 
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(template_dir))),)
+template_instdir = $(template_dir)
+else
+template_instdir = $(prefix)/$(template_dir)
+endif
+export template_instdir
+
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(gitexecdir))),)
+gitexec_instdir = $(gitexecdir)
+else
+gitexec_instdir = $(prefix)/$(gitexecdir)
+endif
+gitexec_instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexec_instdir))
+export gitexec_instdir
+
 install: all
-	$(INSTALL) -d -m755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
-	$(INSTALL) -d -m755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
-	$(INSTALL) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
-	$(INSTALL) git$X '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
+	$(INSTALL) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
+	$(INSTALL) git$X git-upload-pack$X git-receive-pack$X git-upload-archive$X git-shell$X git-cvsserver '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
 	$(MAKE) -C templates DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
-	$(MAKE) -C perl prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' install
+ifndef NO_PERL
+	$(MAKE) -C perl prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
+endif
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
-	$(INSTALL) gitk-wish '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
-	$(MAKE) -C git-gui install
+	$(MAKE) -C gitk-git install
+	$(MAKE) -C git-gui gitexecdir='$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' install
 endif
-	if test 'z$(bindir_SQ)' != 'z$(gitexecdir_SQ)'; \
-	then \
-		ln -f '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)/git$X' \
-			'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/git$X' || \
-		cp '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)/git$X' \
-			'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/git$X'; \
-	fi
-	$(foreach p,$(BUILT_INS), rm -f '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' && ln '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/git$X' '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' ;)
 ifneq (,$X)
-	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), rm -f '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p';)
+	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p' -ef '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p$X' || $(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p';)
 endif
+	bindir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
+	execdir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
+	{ test "$$bindir/" = "$$execdir/" || \
+		{ $(RM) "$$execdir/git$X" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		ln "$$bindir/git$X" "$$execdir/git$X" 2>/dev/null || \
+		cp "$$bindir/git$X" "$$execdir/git$X"; } ; } && \
+	{ for p in $(BUILT_INS); do \
+		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
+		ln "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		ln -s "git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		cp "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
+	  done; } && \
+	./check_bindir "z$$bindir" "z$$execdir" "$$bindir/git-add$X"
 
 install-doc:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install
 
+install-man:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-man
+
+install-html:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-html
+
+install-info:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-info
+
+install-pdf:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-pdf
+
 quick-install-doc:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation quick-install
 
+quick-install-man:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation quick-install-man
+
+quick-install-html:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation quick-install-html
+
 
 
 ### Maintainer's dist rules
@@ -1001,18 +1706,19 @@ git.spec: git.spec.in
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 GIT_TARNAME=git-$(GIT_VERSION)
-dist: git.spec git-archive
+dist: git.spec git-archive$(X) configure
 	./git-archive --format=tar \
 		--prefix=$(GIT_TARNAME)/ HEAD^{tree} > $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
 	@mkdir -p $(GIT_TARNAME)
-	@cp git.spec $(GIT_TARNAME)
+	@cp git.spec configure $(GIT_TARNAME)
 	@echo $(GIT_VERSION) > $(GIT_TARNAME)/version
 	@$(MAKE) -C git-gui TARDIR=../$(GIT_TARNAME)/git-gui dist-version
 	$(TAR) rf $(GIT_TARNAME).tar \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/git.spec \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/configure \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/version \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/git-gui/version
-	@rm -rf $(GIT_TARNAME)
+	@$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME)
 	gzip -f -9 $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
 
 rpm: dist
@@ -1021,71 +1727,137 @@ rpm: dist
 htmldocs = git-htmldocs-$(GIT_VERSION)
 manpages = git-manpages-$(GIT_VERSION)
 dist-doc:
-	rm -fr .doc-tmp-dir
+	$(RM) -r .doc-tmp-dir
 	mkdir .doc-tmp-dir
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation WEBDOC_DEST=../.doc-tmp-dir install-webdoc
 	cd .doc-tmp-dir && $(TAR) cf ../$(htmldocs).tar .
 	gzip -n -9 -f $(htmldocs).tar
 	:
-	rm -fr .doc-tmp-dir
-	mkdir .doc-tmp-dir .doc-tmp-dir/man1 .doc-tmp-dir/man7
+	$(RM) -r .doc-tmp-dir
+	mkdir -p .doc-tmp-dir/man1 .doc-tmp-dir/man5 .doc-tmp-dir/man7
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation DESTDIR=./ \
 		man1dir=../.doc-tmp-dir/man1 \
+		man5dir=../.doc-tmp-dir/man5 \
 		man7dir=../.doc-tmp-dir/man7 \
 		install
 	cd .doc-tmp-dir && $(TAR) cf ../$(manpages).tar .
 	gzip -n -9 -f $(manpages).tar
-	rm -fr .doc-tmp-dir
+	$(RM) -r .doc-tmp-dir
 
 ### Cleaning rules
 
+distclean: clean
+	$(RM) configure
+
 clean:
-	rm -f *.o mozilla-sha1/*.o arm/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o xdiff/*.o \
-		test-chmtime$X $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
-	rm -f $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
-	rm -f *.spec *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo common-cmds.h TAGS tags
-	rm -rf autom4te.cache
-	rm -f configure config.log config.mak.autogen config.mak.append config.status config.cache
-	rm -rf $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
-	rm -f $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz git-core_$(GIT_VERSION)-*.tar.gz
-	rm -f $(htmldocs).tar.gz $(manpages).tar.gz
-	rm -f gitweb/gitweb.cgi
+	$(RM) *.o mozilla-sha1/*.o arm/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o compat/*/*.o xdiff/*.o \
+		$(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
+	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
+	$(RM) *.spec *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo common-cmds.h TAGS tags cscope*
+	$(RM) -r autom4te.cache
+	$(RM) config.log config.mak.autogen config.mak.append config.status config.cache
+	$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
+	$(RM) $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz git-core_$(GIT_VERSION)-*.tar.gz
+	$(RM) $(htmldocs).tar.gz $(manpages).tar.gz
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation/ clean
+ifndef NO_PERL
+	$(RM) gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 	$(MAKE) -C perl clean
+endif
 	$(MAKE) -C templates/ clean
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ clean
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
-	rm -f gitk-wish
+	$(MAKE) -C gitk-git clean
 	$(MAKE) -C git-gui clean
 endif
-	rm -f GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-GUI-VARS
+	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-GUI-VARS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
 .PHONY: all install clean strip
-.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE TAGS tags .FORCE-GIT-CFLAGS
+.PHONY: shell_compatibility_test please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell
+.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE TAGS tags cscope .FORCE-GIT-CFLAGS
+.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
 ### Check documentation
 #
 check-docs::
-	@for v in $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X gitk; \
+	@(for v in $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git gitk; \
 	do \
 		case "$$v" in \
 		git-merge-octopus | git-merge-ours | git-merge-recursive | \
-		git-merge-resolve | git-merge-stupid | \
-		git-add--interactive | git-fsck-objects | git-init-db | \
-		git-repo-config | git-fetch--tool | \
-		git-ssh-pull | git-ssh-push ) continue ;; \
+		git-merge-resolve | git-merge-subtree | \
+		git-fsck-objects | git-init-db | \
+		git-?*--?* ) continue ;; \
 		esac ; \
 		test -f "Documentation/$$v.txt" || \
 		echo "no doc: $$v"; \
-		sed -e '1,/^__DATA__/d' Documentation/cmd-list.perl | \
+		sed -e '/^#/d' command-list.txt | \
 		grep -q "^$$v[ 	]" || \
 		case "$$v" in \
 		git) ;; \
 		*) echo "no link: $$v";; \
 		esac ; \
-	done | sort
+	done; \
+	( \
+		sed -e '/^#/d' \
+		    -e 's/[ 	].*//' \
+		    -e 's/^/listed /' command-list.txt; \
+		ls -1 Documentation/git*txt | \
+		sed -e 's|Documentation/|documented |' \
+		    -e 's/\.txt//'; \
+	) | while read how cmd; \
+	do \
+		case "$$how,$$cmd" in \
+		*,git-citool | \
+		*,git-gui | \
+		*,git-help | \
+		documented,gitattributes | \
+		documented,gitignore | \
+		documented,gitmodules | \
+		documented,gitcli | \
+		documented,git-tools | \
+		documented,gitcore-tutorial | \
+		documented,gitcvs-migration | \
+		documented,gitdiffcore | \
+		documented,gitglossary | \
+		documented,githooks | \
+		documented,gitrepository-layout | \
+		documented,gittutorial | \
+		documented,gittutorial-2 | \
+		sentinel,not,matching,is,ok ) continue ;; \
+		esac; \
+		case " $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git gitk " in \
+		*" $$cmd "*)	;; \
+		*) echo "removed but $$how: $$cmd" ;; \
+		esac; \
+	done ) | sort
 
 ### Make sure built-ins do not have dups and listed in git.c
 #
 check-builtins::
 	./check-builtins.sh
+
+### Test suite coverage testing
+#
+.PHONY: coverage coverage-clean coverage-build coverage-report
+
+coverage:
+	$(MAKE) coverage-build
+	$(MAKE) coverage-report
+
+coverage-clean:
+	rm -f *.gcda *.gcno
+
+COVERAGE_CFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -O0 -ftest-coverage -fprofile-arcs
+COVERAGE_LDFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)  -O0 -lgcov
+
+coverage-build: coverage-clean
+	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_CFLAGS)" LDFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_LDFLAGS)" all
+	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_CFLAGS)" LDFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_LDFLAGS)" \
+		-j1 test
+
+coverage-report:
+	gcov -b *.c
+	grep '^function.*called 0 ' *.c.gcov \
+		| sed -e 's/\([^:]*\)\.gcov: *function \([^ ]*\) called.*/\1: \2/' \
+		| tee coverage-untested-functions
diff --git a/README b/README
index 548142c327..c932ab3105 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -24,10 +24,18 @@ It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of
 hackers around the net. It is currently maintained by Junio C Hamano.
 
 Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.
-See Documentation/tutorial.txt to get started, then see
-Documentation/everyday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands,
-and "man git-commandname" for documentation of each command.
-CVS users may also want to read Documentation/cvs-migration.txt.
+
+See Documentation/gittutorial.txt to get started, then see
+Documentation/everyday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands, and
+Documentation/git-commandname.txt for documentation of each command.
+If git has been correctly installed, then the tutorial can also be
+read with "man gittutorial" or "git help tutorial", and the
+documentation of each command with "man git-commandname" or "git help
+commandname".
+
+CVS users may also want to read Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+("man gitcvs-migration" or "git help cvs-migration" if git is
+installed).
 
 Many Git online resources are accessible from http://git.or.cz/
 including full documentation and Git related tools.
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index c543b1d1ee..f8e49a5070 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/abspath.c b/abspath.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4bee0ba1ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/abspath.c
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+/*
+ * Do not use this for inspecting *tracked* content.  When path is a
+ * symlink to a directory, we do not want to say it is a directory when
+ * dealing with tracked content in the working tree.
+ */
+int is_directory(const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	return (!stat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode));
+}
+
+/* We allow "recursive" symbolic links. Only within reason, though. */
+#define MAXDEPTH 5
+
+const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
+{
+	static char bufs[2][PATH_MAX + 1], *buf = bufs[0], *next_buf = bufs[1];
+	char cwd[1024] = "";
+	int buf_index = 1, len;
+
+	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
+	char *last_elem = NULL;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
+		die ("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+
+	while (depth--) {
+		if (!is_directory(buf)) {
+			char *last_slash = strrchr(buf, '/');
+			if (last_slash) {
+				*last_slash = '\0';
+				last_elem = xstrdup(last_slash + 1);
+			} else {
+				last_elem = xstrdup(buf);
+				*buf = '\0';
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (*buf) {
+			if (!*cwd && !getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
+				die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
+
+			if (chdir(buf))
+				die_errno ("Could not switch to '%s'", buf);
+		}
+		if (!getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX))
+			die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
+
+		if (last_elem) {
+			int len = strlen(buf);
+			if (len + strlen(last_elem) + 2 > PATH_MAX)
+				die ("Too long path name: '%s/%s'",
+						buf, last_elem);
+			buf[len] = '/';
+			strcpy(buf + len + 1, last_elem);
+			free(last_elem);
+			last_elem = NULL;
+		}
+
+		if (!lstat(buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+			len = readlink(buf, next_buf, PATH_MAX);
+			if (len < 0)
+				die_errno ("Invalid symlink '%s'", buf);
+			if (PATH_MAX <= len)
+				die("symbolic link too long: %s", buf);
+			next_buf[len] = '\0';
+			buf = next_buf;
+			buf_index = 1 - buf_index;
+			next_buf = bufs[buf_index];
+		} else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (*cwd && chdir(cwd))
+		die_errno ("Could not change back to '%s'", cwd);
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static const char *get_pwd_cwd(void)
+{
+	static char cwd[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	char *pwd;
+	struct stat cwd_stat, pwd_stat;
+	if (getcwd(cwd, PATH_MAX) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	pwd = getenv("PWD");
+	if (pwd && strcmp(pwd, cwd)) {
+		stat(cwd, &cwd_stat);
+		if (!stat(pwd, &pwd_stat) &&
+		    pwd_stat.st_dev == cwd_stat.st_dev &&
+		    pwd_stat.st_ino == cwd_stat.st_ino) {
+			strlcpy(cwd, pwd, PATH_MAX);
+		}
+	}
+	return cwd;
+}
+
+const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path)
+{
+	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path)) {
+		if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
+			die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+	} else {
+		const char *cwd = get_pwd_cwd();
+		if (!cwd)
+			die_errno("Cannot determine the current working directory");
+		if (snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", cwd, path) >= PATH_MAX)
+			die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
diff --git a/alias.c b/alias.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..372b7d8093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/alias.c
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+static const char *alias_key;
+static char *alias_val;
+
+static int alias_lookup_cb(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!prefixcmp(k, "alias.") && !strcmp(k+6, alias_key)) {
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		alias_val = xstrdup(v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char *alias_lookup(const char *alias)
+{
+	alias_key = alias;
+	alias_val = NULL;
+	git_config(alias_lookup_cb, NULL);
+	return alias_val;
+}
+
+int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
+{
+	int src, dst, count = 0, size = 16;
+	char quoted = 0;
+
+	*argv = xmalloc(sizeof(char *) * size);
+
+	/* split alias_string */
+	(*argv)[count++] = cmdline;
+	for (src = dst = 0; cmdline[src];) {
+		char c = cmdline[src];
+		if (!quoted && isspace(c)) {
+			cmdline[dst++] = 0;
+			while (cmdline[++src]
+					&& isspace(cmdline[src]))
+				; /* skip */
+			ALLOC_GROW(*argv, count+1, size);
+			(*argv)[count++] = cmdline + dst;
+		} else if (!quoted && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
+			quoted = c;
+			src++;
+		} else if (c == quoted) {
+			quoted = 0;
+			src++;
+		} else {
+			if (c == '\\' && quoted != '\'') {
+				src++;
+				c = cmdline[src];
+				if (!c) {
+					free(*argv);
+					*argv = NULL;
+					return error("cmdline ends with \\");
+				}
+			}
+			cmdline[dst++] = c;
+			src++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	cmdline[dst] = 0;
+
+	if (quoted) {
+		free(*argv);
+		*argv = NULL;
+		return error("unclosed quote");
+	}
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(*argv, count+1, size);
+	(*argv)[count] = NULL;
+
+	return count;
+}
+
diff --git a/alloc.c b/alloc.c
index 460db192d5..6ef6753d18 100644
--- a/alloc.c
+++ b/alloc.c
@@ -18,26 +18,38 @@
 
 #define BLOCKING 1024
 
-#define DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(name)					\
+#define DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(name, type)				\
 static unsigned int name##_allocs;				\
-struct name *alloc_##name##_node(void)				\
+void *alloc_##name##_node(void)					\
 {								\
 	static int nr;						\
-	static struct name *block;				\
+	static type *block;					\
+	void *ret;						\
 								\
 	if (!nr) {						\
 		nr = BLOCKING;					\
-		block = xcalloc(BLOCKING, sizeof(struct name));	\
+		block = xmalloc(BLOCKING * sizeof(type));	\
 	}							\
 	nr--;							\
 	name##_allocs++;					\
-	return block++;						\
+	ret = block++;						\
+	memset(ret, 0, sizeof(type));				\
+	return ret;						\
 }
 
-DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(blob)
-DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tree)
-DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(commit)
-DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tag)
+union any_object {
+	struct object object;
+	struct blob blob;
+	struct tree tree;
+	struct commit commit;
+	struct tag tag;
+};
+
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(blob, struct blob)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tree, struct tree)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(commit, struct commit)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tag, struct tag)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(object, union any_object)
 
 #ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
 #define SZ_FMT "%u"
@@ -45,7 +57,7 @@ DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tag)
 #define SZ_FMT "%zu"
 #endif
 
-static void report(const char* name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
+static void report(const char *name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
 {
     fprintf(stderr, "%10s: %8u (" SZ_FMT " kB)\n", name, count, size);
 }
diff --git a/archive-tar.c b/archive-tar.c
index d9c30d33dc..cee06ce3cb 100644
--- a/archive-tar.c
+++ b/archive-tar.c
@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Rene Scharfe
  */
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "tar.h"
-#include "builtin.h"
 #include "archive.h"
 
 #define RECORDSIZE	(512)
@@ -14,9 +11,7 @@
 static char block[BLOCKSIZE];
 static unsigned long offset;
 
-static time_t archive_time;
 static int tar_umask = 002;
-static int verbose;
 
 /* writes out the whole block, but only if it is full */
 static void write_if_needed(void)
@@ -78,18 +73,6 @@ static void write_trailer(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static void strbuf_append_string(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s)
-{
-	int slen = strlen(s);
-	int total = sb->len + slen;
-	if (total > sb->alloc) {
-		sb->buf = xrealloc(sb->buf, total);
-		sb->alloc = total;
-	}
-	memcpy(sb->buf + sb->len, s, slen);
-	sb->len = total;
-}
-
 /*
  * pax extended header records have the format "%u %s=%s\n".  %u contains
  * the size of the whole string (including the %u), the first %s is the
@@ -99,26 +82,17 @@ static void strbuf_append_string(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s)
 static void strbuf_append_ext_header(struct strbuf *sb, const char *keyword,
                                      const char *value, unsigned int valuelen)
 {
-	char *p;
-	int len, total, tmp;
+	int len, tmp;
 
 	/* "%u %s=%s\n" */
 	len = 1 + 1 + strlen(keyword) + 1 + valuelen + 1;
 	for (tmp = len; tmp > 9; tmp /= 10)
 		len++;
 
-	total = sb->len + len;
-	if (total > sb->alloc) {
-		sb->buf = xrealloc(sb->buf, total);
-		sb->alloc = total;
-	}
-
-	p = sb->buf;
-	p += sprintf(p, "%u %s=", len, keyword);
-	memcpy(p, value, valuelen);
-	p += valuelen;
-	*p = '\n';
-	sb->len = total;
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
+	strbuf_addf(sb, "%u %s=", len, keyword);
+	strbuf_add(sb, value, valuelen);
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
 static unsigned int ustar_header_chksum(const struct ustar_header *header)
@@ -134,26 +108,26 @@ static unsigned int ustar_header_chksum(const struct ustar_header *header)
 	return chksum;
 }
 
-static int get_path_prefix(const struct strbuf *path, int maxlen)
+static size_t get_path_prefix(const char *path, size_t pathlen, size_t maxlen)
 {
-	int i = path->len;
+	size_t i = pathlen;
 	if (i > maxlen)
 		i = maxlen;
 	do {
 		i--;
-	} while (i > 0 && path->buf[i] != '/');
+	} while (i > 0 && path[i] != '/');
 	return i;
 }
 
-static void write_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *path,
-                        unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
+		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen,
+		unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct ustar_header header;
-	struct strbuf ext_header;
+	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
 
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
-	ext_header.buf = NULL;
-	ext_header.len = ext_header.alloc = 0;
 
 	if (!sha1) {
 		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
@@ -164,9 +138,7 @@ static void write_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *path,
 		mode = 0100666;
 		sprintf(header.name, "%s.paxheader", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	} else {
-		if (verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", path->len, path->buf);
-		if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 			*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_DIR;
 			mode = (mode | 0777) & ~tar_umask;
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
@@ -176,24 +148,24 @@ static void write_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *path,
 			*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_REG;
 			mode = (mode | ((mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666)) & ~tar_umask;
 		} else {
-			error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)",
-			      mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			return;
+			return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)",
+					mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		}
-		if (path->len > sizeof(header.name)) {
-			int plen = get_path_prefix(path, sizeof(header.prefix));
-			int rest = path->len - plen - 1;
+		if (pathlen > sizeof(header.name)) {
+			size_t plen = get_path_prefix(path, pathlen,
+					sizeof(header.prefix));
+			size_t rest = pathlen - plen - 1;
 			if (plen > 0 && rest <= sizeof(header.name)) {
-				memcpy(header.prefix, path->buf, plen);
-				memcpy(header.name, path->buf + plen + 1, rest);
+				memcpy(header.prefix, path, plen);
+				memcpy(header.name, path + plen + 1, rest);
 			} else {
 				sprintf(header.name, "%s.data",
 				        sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 				strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "path",
-				                         path->buf, path->len);
+						path, pathlen);
 			}
 		} else
-			memcpy(header.name, path->buf, path->len);
+			memcpy(header.name, path, pathlen);
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISLNK(mode) && buffer) {
@@ -208,7 +180,7 @@ static void write_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *path,
 
 	sprintf(header.mode, "%07o", mode & 07777);
 	sprintf(header.size, "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
-	sprintf(header.mtime, "%011lo", archive_time);
+	sprintf(header.mtime, "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
 
 	sprintf(header.uid, "%07o", 0);
 	sprintf(header.gid, "%07o", 0);
@@ -223,28 +195,35 @@ static void write_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *path,
 	sprintf(header.chksum, "%07o", ustar_header_chksum(&header));
 
 	if (ext_header.len > 0) {
-		write_entry(sha1, NULL, 0, ext_header.buf, ext_header.len);
-		free(ext_header.buf);
+		err = write_tar_entry(args, sha1, NULL, 0, 0, ext_header.buf,
+				ext_header.len);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
 	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
 	if (S_ISREG(mode) && buffer && size > 0)
 		write_blocked(buffer, size);
+	return err;
 }
 
-static void write_global_extended_header(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int write_global_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args)
 {
-	struct strbuf ext_header;
-	ext_header.buf = NULL;
-	ext_header.len = ext_header.alloc = 0;
+	const unsigned char *sha1 = args->commit_sha1;
+	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err;
+
 	strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "comment", sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
-	write_entry(NULL, NULL, 0, ext_header.buf, ext_header.len);
-	free(ext_header.buf);
+	err = write_tar_entry(args, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, ext_header.buf,
+			ext_header.len);
+	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
+	return err;
 }
 
-static int git_tar_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_tar_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "tar.umask")) {
-		if (!strcmp(value, "user")) {
+		if (value && !strcmp(value, "user")) {
 			tar_umask = umask(0);
 			umask(tar_umask);
 		} else {
@@ -252,72 +231,20 @@ static int git_tar_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
-}
-
-static int write_tar_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
-                           const char *base, int baselen,
-                           const char *filename, unsigned mode, int stage)
-{
-	static struct strbuf path;
-	int filenamelen = strlen(filename);
-	void *buffer;
-	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned long size;
-
-	if (!path.alloc) {
-		path.buf = xmalloc(PATH_MAX);
-		path.alloc = PATH_MAX;
-		path.len = path.eof = 0;
-	}
-	if (path.alloc < baselen + filenamelen) {
-		free(path.buf);
-		path.buf = xmalloc(baselen + filenamelen);
-		path.alloc = baselen + filenamelen;
-	}
-	memcpy(path.buf, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(path.buf + baselen, filename, filenamelen);
-	path.len = baselen + filenamelen;
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
-		strbuf_append_string(&path, "/");
-		buffer = NULL;
-		size = 0;
-	} else {
-		buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!buffer)
-			die("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-
-	write_entry(sha1, &path, mode, buffer, size);
-	free(buffer);
-
-	return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 int write_tar_archive(struct archiver_args *args)
 {
-	int plen = args->base ? strlen(args->base) : 0;
+	int err = 0;
 
-	git_config(git_tar_config);
-
-	archive_time = args->time;
-	verbose = args->verbose;
+	git_config(git_tar_config, NULL);
 
 	if (args->commit_sha1)
-		write_global_extended_header(args->commit_sha1);
-
-	if (args->base && plen > 0 && args->base[plen - 1] == '/') {
-		char *base = xstrdup(args->base);
-		int baselen = strlen(base);
-
-		while (baselen > 0 && base[baselen - 1] == '/')
-			base[--baselen] = '\0';
-		write_tar_entry(args->tree->object.sha1, "", 0, base, 040777, 0);
-		free(base);
-	}
-	read_tree_recursive(args->tree, args->base, plen, 0,
-			    args->pathspec, write_tar_entry);
-	write_trailer();
-
-	return 0;
+		err = write_global_extended_header(args);
+	if (!err)
+		err = write_archive_entries(args, write_tar_entry);
+	if (!err)
+		write_trailer();
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/archive-zip.c b/archive-zip.c
index 7c4984886f..cf285044e3 100644
--- a/archive-zip.c
+++ b/archive-zip.c
@@ -2,14 +2,8 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Rene Scharfe
  */
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-#include "builtin.h"
 #include "archive.h"
 
-static int verbose;
 static int zip_date;
 static int zip_time;
 
@@ -94,7 +88,7 @@ static void copy_le32(unsigned char *dest, unsigned int n)
 }
 
 static void *zlib_deflate(void *data, unsigned long size,
-                          unsigned long *compressed_size)
+		int compression_level, unsigned long *compressed_size)
 {
 	z_stream stream;
 	unsigned long maxsize;
@@ -102,7 +96,7 @@ static void *zlib_deflate(void *data, unsigned long size,
 	int result;
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	deflateInit(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
+	deflateInit(&stream, compression_level);
 	maxsize = deflateBound(&stream, size);
 	buffer = xmalloc(maxsize);
 
@@ -126,33 +120,9 @@ static void *zlib_deflate(void *data, unsigned long size,
 	return buffer;
 }
 
-static char *construct_path(const char *base, int baselen,
-                            const char *filename, int isdir, int *pathlen)
-{
-	int filenamelen = strlen(filename);
-	int len = baselen + filenamelen;
-	char *path, *p;
-
-	if (isdir)
-		len++;
-	p = path = xmalloc(len + 1);
-
-	memcpy(p, base, baselen);
-	p += baselen;
-	memcpy(p, filename, filenamelen);
-	p += filenamelen;
-	if (isdir)
-		*p++ = '/';
-	*p = '\0';
-
-	*pathlen = len;
-
-	return path;
-}
-
-static int write_zip_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
-                           const char *base, int baselen,
-                           const char *filename, unsigned mode, int stage)
+static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
+		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen,
+		unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct zip_local_header header;
 	struct zip_dir_header dirent;
@@ -161,55 +131,41 @@ static int write_zip_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	unsigned long uncompressed_size;
 	unsigned long crc;
 	unsigned long direntsize;
-	unsigned long size;
 	int method;
-	int result = -1;
-	int pathlen;
 	unsigned char *out;
-	char *path;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buffer = NULL;
 	void *deflated = NULL;
 
 	crc = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 
-	path = construct_path(base, baselen, filename, S_ISDIR(mode), &pathlen);
-	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", path);
 	if (pathlen > 0xffff) {
-		error("path too long (%d chars, SHA1: %s): %s", pathlen,
-		      sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
-		goto out;
+		return error("path too long (%d chars, SHA1: %s): %s",
+				(int)pathlen, sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
 	}
 
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		method = 0;
 		attr2 = 16;
-		result = READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 		out = NULL;
 		uncompressed_size = 0;
 		compressed_size = 0;
 	} else if (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 		method = 0;
-		attr2 = S_ISLNK(mode) ? ((mode | 0777) << 16) : 0;
-		if (S_ISREG(mode) && zlib_compression_level != 0)
+		attr2 = S_ISLNK(mode) ? ((mode | 0777) << 16) :
+			(mode & 0111) ? ((mode) << 16) : 0;
+		if (S_ISREG(mode) && args->compression_level != 0)
 			method = 8;
-		result = 0;
-		buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!buffer)
-			die("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		crc = crc32(crc, buffer, size);
 		out = buffer;
 		uncompressed_size = size;
 		compressed_size = size;
 	} else {
-		error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)", mode,
-		      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		goto out;
+		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)", mode,
+				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
 	if (method == 8) {
-		deflated = zlib_deflate(buffer, size, &compressed_size);
+		deflated = zlib_deflate(buffer, size, args->compression_level,
+				&compressed_size);
 		if (deflated && compressed_size - 6 < size) {
 			/* ZLIB --> raw compressed data (see RFC 1950) */
 			/* CMF and FLG ... */
@@ -229,7 +185,8 @@ static int write_zip_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	}
 
 	copy_le32(dirent.magic, 0x02014b50);
-	copy_le16(dirent.creator_version, S_ISLNK(mode) ? 0x0317 : 0);
+	copy_le16(dirent.creator_version,
+		S_ISLNK(mode) || (S_ISREG(mode) && (mode & 0111)) ? 0x0317 : 0);
 	copy_le16(dirent.version, 10);
 	copy_le16(dirent.flags, 0);
 	copy_le16(dirent.compression_method, method);
@@ -271,12 +228,9 @@ static int write_zip_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
 	}
 
-out:
-	free(buffer);
 	free(deflated);
-	free(path);
 
-	return result;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void write_zip_trailer(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -309,41 +263,18 @@ static void dos_time(time_t *time, int *dos_date, int *dos_time)
 
 int write_zip_archive(struct archiver_args *args)
 {
-	int plen = strlen(args->base);
+	int err;
 
 	dos_time(&args->time, &zip_date, &zip_time);
 
 	zip_dir = xmalloc(ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE);
 	zip_dir_size = ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE;
-	verbose = args->verbose;
 
-	if (args->base && plen > 0 && args->base[plen - 1] == '/') {
-		char *base = xstrdup(args->base);
-		int baselen = strlen(base);
-
-		while (baselen > 0 && base[baselen - 1] == '/')
-			base[--baselen] = '\0';
-		write_zip_entry(args->tree->object.sha1, "", 0, base, 040777, 0);
-		free(base);
-	}
-	read_tree_recursive(args->tree, args->base, plen, 0,
-			    args->pathspec, write_zip_entry);
-	write_zip_trailer(args->commit_sha1);
+	err = write_archive_entries(args, write_zip_entry);
+	if (!err)
+		write_zip_trailer(args->commit_sha1);
 
 	free(zip_dir);
 
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void *parse_extra_zip_args(int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[0];
-
-		if (arg[0] == '-' && isdigit(arg[1]) && arg[2] == '\0')
-			zlib_compression_level = arg[1] - '0';
-		else
-			die("Unknown argument for zip format: %s", arg);
-	}
-	return NULL;
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bca9ca403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "archive.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+
+static char const * const archive_usage[] = {
+	"git archive [options] <tree-ish> [path...]",
+	"git archive --list",
+	"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [path...]",
+	"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list",
+	NULL
+};
+
+#define USES_ZLIB_COMPRESSION 1
+
+static const struct archiver {
+	const char *name;
+	write_archive_fn_t write_archive;
+	unsigned int flags;
+} archivers[] = {
+	{ "tar", write_tar_archive },
+	{ "zip", write_zip_archive, USES_ZLIB_COMPRESSION },
+};
+
+static void format_subst(const struct commit *commit,
+                         const char *src, size_t len,
+                         struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+	struct strbuf fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (src == buf->buf)
+		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *b, *c;
+
+		b = memmem(src, len, "$Format:", 8);
+		if (!b)
+			break;
+		c = memchr(b + 8, '$', (src + len) - b - 8);
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&fmt);
+		strbuf_add(&fmt, b + 8, c - b - 8);
+
+		strbuf_add(buf, src, b - src);
+		format_commit_message(commit, fmt.buf, buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		len -= c + 1 - src;
+		src  = c + 1;
+	}
+	strbuf_add(buf, src, len);
+	strbuf_release(&fmt);
+	free(to_free);
+}
+
+static void *sha1_file_to_archive(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
+		unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
+		unsigned long *sizep, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	void *buffer;
+
+	buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, sizep);
+	if (buffer && S_ISREG(mode)) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		size_t size = 0;
+
+		strbuf_attach(&buf, buffer, *sizep, *sizep + 1);
+		convert_to_working_tree(path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf);
+		if (commit)
+			format_subst(commit, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf);
+		buffer = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
+		*sizep = size;
+	}
+
+	return buffer;
+}
+
+static void setup_archive_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	static struct git_attr *attr_export_ignore;
+	static struct git_attr *attr_export_subst;
+
+	if (!attr_export_ignore) {
+		attr_export_ignore = git_attr("export-ignore", 13);
+		attr_export_subst = git_attr("export-subst", 12);
+	}
+	check[0].attr = attr_export_ignore;
+	check[1].attr = attr_export_subst;
+}
+
+struct archiver_context {
+	struct archiver_args *args;
+	write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry;
+};
+
+static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
+		int baselen, const char *filename, unsigned mode, int stage,
+		void *context)
+{
+	static struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct archiver_context *c = context;
+	struct archiver_args *args = c->args;
+	write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry = c->write_entry;
+	struct git_attr_check check[2];
+	const char *path_without_prefix;
+	int convert = 0;
+	int err;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *buffer;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&path);
+	strbuf_grow(&path, PATH_MAX);
+	strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, filename);
+	path_without_prefix = path.buf + args->baselen;
+
+	setup_archive_check(check);
+	if (!git_checkattr(path_without_prefix, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check)) {
+		if (ATTR_TRUE(check[0].value))
+			return 0;
+		convert = ATTR_TRUE(check[1].value);
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
+		err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode, NULL, 0);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
+	}
+
+	buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(path_without_prefix, sha1, mode,
+			&type, &size, convert ? args->commit : NULL);
+	if (!buffer)
+		return error("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (args->verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
+	err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode, buffer, size);
+	free(buffer);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
+		write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry)
+{
+	struct archiver_context context;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t;
+	int err;
+
+	if (args->baselen > 0 && args->base[args->baselen - 1] == '/') {
+		size_t len = args->baselen;
+
+		while (len > 1 && args->base[len - 2] == '/')
+			len--;
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)len, args->base);
+		err = write_entry(args, args->tree->object.sha1, args->base,
+				len, 040777, NULL, 0);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	context.args = args;
+	context.write_entry = write_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Setup index and instruct attr to read index only
+	 */
+	if (!args->worktree_attributes) {
+		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+		opts.index_only = 1;
+		opts.head_idx = -1;
+		opts.src_index = &the_index;
+		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+		opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+		init_tree_desc(&t, args->tree->buffer, args->tree->size);
+		if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
+			return -1;
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX, &the_index);
+	}
+
+	err =  read_tree_recursive(args->tree, args->base, args->baselen, 0,
+			args->pathspec, write_archive_entry, &context);
+	if (err == READ_TREE_RECURSIVE)
+		err = 0;
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct archiver *lookup_archiver(const char *name)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(archivers); i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(name, archivers[i].name))
+			return &archivers[i];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec,
+		struct archiver_args *ar_args)
+{
+	ar_args->pathspec = get_pathspec(ar_args->base, pathspec);
+}
+
+static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
+		struct archiver_args *ar_args, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *name = argv[0];
+	const unsigned char *commit_sha1;
+	time_t archive_time;
+	struct tree *tree;
+	const struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name");
+
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	if (commit) {
+		commit_sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
+		archive_time = commit->date;
+	} else {
+		commit_sha1 = NULL;
+		archive_time = time(NULL);
+	}
+
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	if (tree == NULL)
+		die("not a tree object");
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+		unsigned int mode;
+		int err;
+
+		err = get_tree_entry(tree->object.sha1, prefix,
+				     tree_sha1, &mode);
+		if (err || !S_ISDIR(mode))
+			die("current working directory is untracked");
+
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
+	}
+	ar_args->tree = tree;
+	ar_args->commit_sha1 = commit_sha1;
+	ar_args->commit = commit;
+	ar_args->time = archive_time;
+}
+
+#define OPT__COMPR(s, v, h, p) \
+	{ OPTION_SET_INT, (s), NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, (p) }
+#define OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN(s, v, p) \
+	{ OPTION_SET_INT, (s), NULL, (v), NULL, "", \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, (p) }
+
+static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
+		const struct archiver **ar, struct archiver_args *args)
+{
+	const char *format = "tar";
+	const char *base = NULL;
+	const char *remote = NULL;
+	const char *exec = NULL;
+	const char *output = NULL;
+	int compression_level = -1;
+	int verbose = 0;
+	int i;
+	int list = 0;
+	int worktree_attributes = 0;
+	struct option opts[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format, "fmt", "archive format"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &base, "prefix",
+			"prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "output", &output, "file",
+			"write the archive to this file"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "worktree-attributes", &worktree_attributes,
+			"read .gitattributes in working directory"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__COMPR('0', &compression_level, "store only", 0),
+		OPT__COMPR('1', &compression_level, "compress faster", 1),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('2', &compression_level, 2),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('3', &compression_level, 3),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('4', &compression_level, 4),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('5', &compression_level, 5),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('6', &compression_level, 6),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('7', &compression_level, 7),
+		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('8', &compression_level, 8),
+		OPT__COMPR('9', &compression_level, "compress better", 9),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "list", &list,
+			"list supported archive formats"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, "repo",
+			"retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, "cmd",
+			"path to the remote git-upload-archive command"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, opts, archive_usage, 0);
+
+	if (remote)
+		die("Unexpected option --remote");
+	if (exec)
+		die("Option --exec can only be used together with --remote");
+	if (output)
+		die("Unexpected option --output");
+
+	if (!base)
+		base = "";
+
+	if (list) {
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(archivers); i++)
+			printf("%s\n", archivers[i].name);
+		exit(0);
+	}
+
+	/* We need at least one parameter -- tree-ish */
+	if (argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(archive_usage, opts);
+	*ar = lookup_archiver(format);
+	if (!*ar)
+		die("Unknown archive format '%s'", format);
+
+	args->compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+	if (compression_level != -1) {
+		if ((*ar)->flags & USES_ZLIB_COMPRESSION)
+			args->compression_level = compression_level;
+		else {
+			die("Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d",
+					format, compression_level);
+		}
+	}
+	args->verbose = verbose;
+	args->base = base;
+	args->baselen = strlen(base);
+	args->worktree_attributes = worktree_attributes;
+
+	return argc;
+}
+
+int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+		int setup_prefix)
+{
+	const struct archiver *ar = NULL;
+	struct archiver_args args;
+
+	argc = parse_archive_args(argc, argv, &ar, &args);
+	if (setup_prefix && prefix == NULL)
+		prefix = setup_git_directory();
+
+	parse_treeish_arg(argv, &args, prefix);
+	parse_pathspec_arg(argv + 1, &args);
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	return ar->write_archive(&args);
+}
diff --git a/archive.h b/archive.h
index 6838dc788f..038ac353d4 100644
--- a/archive.h
+++ b/archive.h
@@ -1,45 +1,30 @@
 #ifndef ARCHIVE_H
 #define ARCHIVE_H
 
-#define MAX_EXTRA_ARGS	32
-#define MAX_ARGS	(MAX_EXTRA_ARGS + 32)
-
 struct archiver_args {
 	const char *base;
+	size_t baselen;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	const unsigned char *commit_sha1;
+	const struct commit *commit;
 	time_t time;
 	const char **pathspec;
 	unsigned int verbose : 1;
-	void *extra;
+	unsigned int worktree_attributes : 1;
+	int compression_level;
 };
 
 typedef int (*write_archive_fn_t)(struct archiver_args *);
 
-typedef void *(*parse_extra_args_fn_t)(int argc, const char **argv);
-
-struct archiver {
-	const char *name;
-	struct archiver_args args;
-	write_archive_fn_t write_archive;
-	parse_extra_args_fn_t parse_extra;
-};
-
-extern int parse_archive_args(int argc,
-			      const char **argv,
-			      struct archiver *ar);
-
-extern void parse_treeish_arg(const char **treeish,
-			      struct archiver_args *ar_args,
-			      const char *prefix);
+typedef int (*write_archive_entry_fn_t)(struct archiver_args *args, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen, unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
-extern void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec,
-			       struct archiver_args *args);
 /*
  * Archive-format specific backends.
  */
 extern int write_tar_archive(struct archiver_args *);
 extern int write_zip_archive(struct archiver_args *);
-extern void *parse_extra_zip_args(int argc, const char **argv);
+
+extern int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args, write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry);
+extern int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int setup_prefix);
 
 #endif	/* ARCHIVE_H */
diff --git a/arm/sha1.c b/arm/sha1.c
index 11b1a048b4..c61ad4aff9 100644
--- a/arm/sha1.c
+++ b/arm/sha1.c
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include "sha1.h"
 
-extern void sha_transform(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *data, uint32_t *W);
+extern void arm_sha_transform(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *data, uint32_t *W);
 
-void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c)
+void arm_SHA1_Init(arm_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
 	c->len = 0;
 	c->hash[0] = 0x67452301;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c)
 	c->hash[4] = 0xc3d2e1f0;
 }
 
-void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n)
+void arm_SHA1_Update(arm_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n)
 {
 	uint32_t workspace[80];
 	unsigned int partial;
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n)
 		if (partial) {
 			done = 64 - partial;
 			memcpy(c->buffer + partial, p, done);
-			sha_transform(c->hash, c->buffer, workspace);
+			arm_sha_transform(c->hash, c->buffer, workspace);
 			partial = 0;
 		} else
 			done = 0;
 		while (n >= done + 64) {
-			sha_transform(c->hash, p + done, workspace);
+			arm_sha_transform(c->hash, p + done, workspace);
 			done += 64;
 		}
 	} else
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n)
 		memcpy(c->buffer + partial, p + done, n - done);
 }
 
-void SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c)
+void arm_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, arm_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
 	uint64_t bitlen;
-	uint32_t bitlen_hi, bitlen_lo; 
+	uint32_t bitlen_hi, bitlen_lo;
 	unsigned int i, offset, padlen;
 	unsigned char bits[8];
 	static const unsigned char padding[64] = { 0x80, };
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c)
 	bitlen = c->len << 3;
 	offset = c->len & 0x3f;
 	padlen = ((offset < 56) ? 56 : (64 + 56)) - offset;
-	SHA1_Update(c, padding, padlen);
+	arm_SHA1_Update(c, padding, padlen);
 
 	bitlen_hi = bitlen >> 32;
 	bitlen_lo = bitlen & 0xffffffff;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c)
 	bits[5] = bitlen_lo >> 16;
 	bits[6] = bitlen_lo >> 8;
 	bits[7] = bitlen_lo;
-	SHA1_Update(c, bits, 8); 
+	arm_SHA1_Update(c, bits, 8);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
 		uint32_t v = c->hash[i];
diff --git a/arm/sha1.h b/arm/sha1.h
index 3952646349..b61b618486 100644
--- a/arm/sha1.h
+++ b/arm/sha1.h
@@ -7,12 +7,17 @@
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 
-typedef struct sha_context {
+typedef struct {
 	uint64_t len;
 	uint32_t hash[5];
 	unsigned char buffer[64];
-} SHA_CTX;
+} arm_SHA_CTX;
 
-void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c);
-void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
-void SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c);
+void arm_SHA1_Init(arm_SHA_CTX *c);
+void arm_SHA1_Update(arm_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
+void arm_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, arm_SHA_CTX *c);
+
+#define git_SHA_CTX	arm_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init	arm_SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update	arm_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final	arm_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/arm/sha1_arm.S b/arm/sha1_arm.S
index da92d20e84..41e92636e0 100644
--- a/arm/sha1_arm.S
+++ b/arm/sha1_arm.S
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  */
 
 	.text
-	.globl	sha_transform
+	.globl	arm_sha_transform
 
 /*
  * void sha_transform(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *data, uint32_t *W);
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
  * note: the "data" pointer may be unaligned.
  */
 
-sha_transform:
+arm_sha_transform:
 
 	stmfd	sp!, {r4 - r8, lr}
 
 	@ for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-	@         W[i] = ntohl(((uint32_t *)data)[i]); */
+	@         W[i] = ntohl(((uint32_t *)data)[i]);
 
 #ifdef __ARMEB__
 	mov	r4, r0
@@ -181,4 +181,3 @@ sha_transform:
 
 .L_sha_K:
 	.word	0x5a827999, 0x6ed9eba1, 0x8f1bbcdc, 0xca62c1d6
-
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55bdb7cdeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,688 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+
+const char git_attr__true[] = "(builtin)true";
+const char git_attr__false[] = "\0(builtin)false";
+static const char git_attr__unknown[] = "(builtin)unknown";
+#define ATTR__TRUE git_attr__true
+#define ATTR__FALSE git_attr__false
+#define ATTR__UNSET NULL
+#define ATTR__UNKNOWN git_attr__unknown
+
+/*
+ * The basic design decision here is that we are not going to have
+ * insanely large number of attributes.
+ *
+ * This is a randomly chosen prime.
+ */
+#define HASHSIZE 257
+
+#ifndef DEBUG_ATTR
+#define DEBUG_ATTR 0
+#endif
+
+struct git_attr {
+	struct git_attr *next;
+	unsigned h;
+	int attr_nr;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+static int attr_nr;
+
+static struct git_attr_check *check_all_attr;
+static struct git_attr *(git_attr_hash[HASHSIZE]);
+
+static unsigned hash_name(const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	unsigned val = 0, c;
+
+	while (namelen--) {
+		c = *name++;
+		val = ((val << 7) | (val >> 22)) ^ c;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+static int invalid_attr_name(const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Attribute name cannot begin with '-' and from
+	 * [-A-Za-z0-9_.].  We'd specifically exclude '=' for now,
+	 * as we might later want to allow non-binary value for
+	 * attributes, e.g. "*.svg	merge=special-merge-program-for-svg"
+	 */
+	if (*name == '-')
+		return -1;
+	while (namelen--) {
+		char ch = *name++;
+		if (! (ch == '-' || ch == '.' || ch == '_' ||
+		       ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') ||
+		       ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') ||
+		       ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z')) )
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	unsigned hval = hash_name(name, len);
+	unsigned pos = hval % HASHSIZE;
+	struct git_attr *a;
+
+	for (a = git_attr_hash[pos]; a; a = a->next) {
+		if (a->h == hval &&
+		    !memcmp(a->name, name, len) && !a->name[len])
+			return a;
+	}
+
+	if (invalid_attr_name(name, len))
+		return NULL;
+
+	a = xmalloc(sizeof(*a) + len + 1);
+	memcpy(a->name, name, len);
+	a->name[len] = 0;
+	a->h = hval;
+	a->next = git_attr_hash[pos];
+	a->attr_nr = attr_nr++;
+	git_attr_hash[pos] = a;
+
+	check_all_attr = xrealloc(check_all_attr,
+				  sizeof(*check_all_attr) * attr_nr);
+	check_all_attr[a->attr_nr].attr = a;
+	check_all_attr[a->attr_nr].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
+	return a;
+}
+
+/*
+ * .gitattributes file is one line per record, each of which is
+ *
+ * (1) glob pattern.
+ * (2) whitespace
+ * (3) whitespace separated list of attribute names, each of which
+ *     could be prefixed with '-' to mean "set to false", '!' to mean
+ *     "unset".
+ */
+
+/* What does a matched pattern decide? */
+struct attr_state {
+	struct git_attr *attr;
+	const char *setto;
+};
+
+struct match_attr {
+	union {
+		char *pattern;
+		struct git_attr *attr;
+	} u;
+	char is_macro;
+	unsigned num_attr;
+	struct attr_state state[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static const char blank[] = " \t\r\n";
+
+static const char *parse_attr(const char *src, int lineno, const char *cp,
+			      int *num_attr, struct match_attr *res)
+{
+	const char *ep, *equals;
+	int len;
+
+	ep = cp + strcspn(cp, blank);
+	equals = strchr(cp, '=');
+	if (equals && ep < equals)
+		equals = NULL;
+	if (equals)
+		len = equals - cp;
+	else
+		len = ep - cp;
+	if (!res) {
+		if (*cp == '-' || *cp == '!') {
+			cp++;
+			len--;
+		}
+		if (invalid_attr_name(cp, len)) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%.*s is not a valid attribute name: %s:%d\n",
+				len, cp, src, lineno);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	} else {
+		struct attr_state *e;
+
+		e = &(res->state[*num_attr]);
+		if (*cp == '-' || *cp == '!') {
+			e->setto = (*cp == '-') ? ATTR__FALSE : ATTR__UNSET;
+			cp++;
+			len--;
+		}
+		else if (!equals)
+			e->setto = ATTR__TRUE;
+		else {
+			e->setto = xmemdupz(equals + 1, ep - equals - 1);
+		}
+		e->attr = git_attr(cp, len);
+	}
+	(*num_attr)++;
+	return ep + strspn(ep, blank);
+}
+
+static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
+					  int lineno, int macro_ok)
+{
+	int namelen;
+	int num_attr;
+	const char *cp, *name;
+	struct match_attr *res = NULL;
+	int pass;
+	int is_macro;
+
+	cp = line + strspn(line, blank);
+	if (!*cp || *cp == '#')
+		return NULL;
+	name = cp;
+	namelen = strcspn(name, blank);
+	if (strlen(ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX) < namelen &&
+	    !prefixcmp(name, ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX)) {
+		if (!macro_ok) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s not allowed: %s:%d\n",
+				name, src, lineno);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		is_macro = 1;
+		name += strlen(ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX);
+		name += strspn(name, blank);
+		namelen = strcspn(name, blank);
+		if (invalid_attr_name(name, namelen)) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%.*s is not a valid attribute name: %s:%d\n",
+				namelen, name, src, lineno);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+		is_macro = 0;
+
+	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
+		/* pass 0 counts and allocates, pass 1 fills */
+		num_attr = 0;
+		cp = name + namelen;
+		cp = cp + strspn(cp, blank);
+		while (*cp) {
+			cp = parse_attr(src, lineno, cp, &num_attr, res);
+			if (!cp)
+				return NULL;
+		}
+		if (pass)
+			break;
+		res = xcalloc(1,
+			      sizeof(*res) +
+			      sizeof(struct attr_state) * num_attr +
+			      (is_macro ? 0 : namelen + 1));
+		if (is_macro)
+			res->u.attr = git_attr(name, namelen);
+		else {
+			res->u.pattern = (char *)&(res->state[num_attr]);
+			memcpy(res->u.pattern, name, namelen);
+			res->u.pattern[namelen] = 0;
+		}
+		res->is_macro = is_macro;
+		res->num_attr = num_attr;
+	}
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like info/exclude and .gitignore, the attribute information can
+ * come from many places.
+ *
+ * (1) .gitattribute file of the same directory;
+ * (2) .gitattribute file of the parent directory if (1) does not have
+ *      any match; this goes recursively upwards, just like .gitignore.
+ * (3) $GIT_DIR/info/attributes, which overrides both of the above.
+ *
+ * In the same file, later entries override the earlier match, so in the
+ * global list, we would have entries from info/attributes the earliest
+ * (reading the file from top to bottom), .gitattribute of the root
+ * directory (again, reading the file from top to bottom) down to the
+ * current directory, and then scan the list backwards to find the first match.
+ * This is exactly the same as what excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
+ * .gitignore
+ */
+
+static struct attr_stack {
+	struct attr_stack *prev;
+	char *origin;
+	unsigned num_matches;
+	unsigned alloc;
+	struct match_attr **attrs;
+} *attr_stack;
+
+static void free_attr_elem(struct attr_stack *e)
+{
+	int i;
+	free(e->origin);
+	for (i = 0; i < e->num_matches; i++) {
+		struct match_attr *a = e->attrs[i];
+		int j;
+		for (j = 0; j < a->num_attr; j++) {
+			const char *setto = a->state[j].setto;
+			if (setto == ATTR__TRUE ||
+			    setto == ATTR__FALSE ||
+			    setto == ATTR__UNSET ||
+			    setto == ATTR__UNKNOWN)
+				;
+			else
+				free((char *) setto);
+		}
+		free(a);
+	}
+	free(e);
+}
+
+static const char *builtin_attr[] = {
+	"[attr]binary -diff -crlf",
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static void handle_attr_line(struct attr_stack *res,
+			     const char *line,
+			     const char *src,
+			     int lineno,
+			     int macro_ok)
+{
+	struct match_attr *a;
+
+	a = parse_attr_line(line, src, lineno, macro_ok);
+	if (!a)
+		return;
+	if (res->alloc <= res->num_matches) {
+		res->alloc = alloc_nr(res->num_matches);
+		res->attrs = xrealloc(res->attrs,
+				      sizeof(struct match_attr *) *
+				      res->alloc);
+	}
+	res->attrs[res->num_matches++] = a;
+}
+
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_array(const char **list)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *res;
+	const char *line;
+	int lineno = 0;
+
+	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
+	while ((line = *(list++)) != NULL)
+		handle_attr_line(res, line, "[builtin]", ++lineno, 1);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static enum git_attr_direction direction;
+static struct index_state *use_index;
+
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_file(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+{
+	FILE *fp = fopen(path, "r");
+	struct attr_stack *res;
+	char buf[2048];
+	int lineno = 0;
+
+	if (!fp)
+		return NULL;
+	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp))
+		handle_attr_line(res, buf, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
+	fclose(fp);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void *read_index_data(const char *path)
+{
+	int pos, len;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	enum object_type type;
+	void *data;
+	struct index_state *istate = use_index ? use_index : &the_index;
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
+	if (pos < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
+		 * case we would read stage #2 (ours).
+		 */
+		int i;
+		for (i = -pos - 1;
+		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
+		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
+		     i++)
+			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
+				pos = i;
+	}
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
+	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(data);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return data;
+}
+
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *res;
+	char *buf, *sp;
+	int lineno = 0;
+
+	buf = read_index_data(path);
+	if (!buf)
+		return NULL;
+
+	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
+	for (sp = buf; *sp; ) {
+		char *ep;
+		int more;
+		for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
+			;
+		more = (*ep == '\n');
+		*ep = '\0';
+		handle_attr_line(res, sp, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
+		sp = ep + more;
+	}
+	free(buf);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *res;
+
+	if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT) {
+		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+		if (!res)
+			res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+	}
+	else if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN) {
+		res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+		if (!res)
+			/*
+			 * There is no checked out .gitattributes file there, but
+			 * we might have it in the index.  We allow operation in a
+			 * sparsely checked out work tree, so read from it.
+			 */
+			res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+	}
+	else
+		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+	if (!res)
+		res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
+	return res;
+}
+
+#if DEBUG_ATTR
+static void debug_info(const char *what, struct attr_stack *elem)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", what, elem->origin ? elem->origin : "()");
+}
+static void debug_set(const char *what, const char *match, struct git_attr *attr, const void *v)
+{
+	const char *value = v;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
+		value = "set";
+	else if (ATTR_FALSE(value))
+		value = "unset";
+	else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
+		value = "unspecified";
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s => %s (%s)\n",
+		what, attr->name, (char *) value, match);
+}
+#define debug_push(a) debug_info("push", (a))
+#define debug_pop(a) debug_info("pop", (a))
+#else
+#define debug_push(a) do { ; } while (0)
+#define debug_pop(a) do { ; } while (0)
+#define debug_set(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
+#endif
+
+static void drop_attr_stack(void)
+{
+	while (attr_stack) {
+		struct attr_stack *elem = attr_stack;
+		attr_stack = elem->prev;
+		free_attr_elem(elem);
+	}
+}
+
+static void bootstrap_attr_stack(void)
+{
+	if (!attr_stack) {
+		struct attr_stack *elem;
+
+		elem = read_attr_from_array(builtin_attr);
+		elem->origin = NULL;
+		elem->prev = attr_stack;
+		attr_stack = elem;
+
+		if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
+			elem = read_attr(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
+			elem->origin = strdup("");
+			elem->prev = attr_stack;
+			attr_stack = elem;
+			debug_push(elem);
+		}
+
+		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_path(INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE), 1);
+		if (!elem)
+			elem = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*elem));
+		elem->origin = NULL;
+		elem->prev = attr_stack;
+		attr_stack = elem;
+	}
+}
+
+static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *elem, *info;
+	int len;
+	struct strbuf pathbuf;
+
+	strbuf_init(&pathbuf, dirlen+2+strlen(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE));
+
+	/*
+	 * At the bottom of the attribute stack is the built-in
+	 * set of attribute definitions.  Then, contents from
+	 * .gitattribute files from directories closer to the
+	 * root to the ones in deeper directories are pushed
+	 * to the stack.  Finally, at the very top of the stack
+	 * we always keep the contents of $GIT_DIR/info/attributes.
+	 *
+	 * When checking, we use entries from near the top of the
+	 * stack, preferring $GIT_DIR/info/attributes, then
+	 * .gitattributes in deeper directories to shallower ones,
+	 * and finally use the built-in set as the default.
+	 */
+	if (!attr_stack)
+		bootstrap_attr_stack();
+
+	/*
+	 * Pop the "info" one that is always at the top of the stack.
+	 */
+	info = attr_stack;
+	attr_stack = info->prev;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pop the ones from directories that are not the prefix of
+	 * the path we are checking.
+	 */
+	while (attr_stack && attr_stack->origin) {
+		int namelen = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
+
+		elem = attr_stack;
+		if (namelen <= dirlen &&
+		    !strncmp(elem->origin, path, namelen))
+			break;
+
+		debug_pop(elem);
+		attr_stack = elem->prev;
+		free_attr_elem(elem);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Read from parent directories and push them down
+	 */
+	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
+		while (1) {
+			char *cp;
+
+			len = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
+			if (dirlen <= len)
+				break;
+			strbuf_reset(&pathbuf);
+			strbuf_add(&pathbuf, path, dirlen);
+			strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
+			cp = strchr(pathbuf.buf + len + 1, '/');
+			strcpy(cp + 1, GITATTRIBUTES_FILE);
+			elem = read_attr(pathbuf.buf, 0);
+			*cp = '\0';
+			elem->origin = strdup(pathbuf.buf);
+			elem->prev = attr_stack;
+			attr_stack = elem;
+			debug_push(elem);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+
+	/*
+	 * Finally push the "info" one at the top of the stack.
+	 */
+	info->prev = attr_stack;
+	attr_stack = info;
+}
+
+static int path_matches(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
+			const char *pattern,
+			const char *base, int baselen)
+{
+	if (!strchr(pattern, '/')) {
+		/* match basename */
+		const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
+		basename = basename ? basename + 1 : pathname;
+		return (fnmatch(pattern, basename, 0) == 0);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * match with FNM_PATHNAME; the pattern has base implicitly
+	 * in front of it.
+	 */
+	if (*pattern == '/')
+		pattern++;
+	if (pathlen < baselen ||
+	    (baselen && pathname[baselen] != '/') ||
+	    strncmp(pathname, base, baselen))
+		return 0;
+	if (baselen != 0)
+		baselen++;
+	return fnmatch(pattern, pathname + baselen, FNM_PATHNAME) == 0;
+}
+
+static int fill_one(const char *what, struct match_attr *a, int rem)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check *check = check_all_attr;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; 0 < rem && i < a->num_attr; i++) {
+		struct git_attr *attr = a->state[i].attr;
+		const char **n = &(check[attr->attr_nr].value);
+		const char *v = a->state[i].setto;
+
+		if (*n == ATTR__UNKNOWN) {
+			debug_set(what, a->u.pattern, attr, v);
+			*n = v;
+			rem--;
+		}
+	}
+	return rem;
+}
+
+static int fill(const char *path, int pathlen, struct attr_stack *stk, int rem)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *base = stk->origin ? stk->origin : "";
+
+	for (i = stk->num_matches - 1; 0 < rem && 0 <= i; i--) {
+		struct match_attr *a = stk->attrs[i];
+		if (a->is_macro)
+			continue;
+		if (path_matches(path, pathlen,
+				 a->u.pattern, base, strlen(base)))
+			rem = fill_one("fill", a, rem);
+	}
+	return rem;
+}
+
+static int macroexpand(struct attr_stack *stk, int rem)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct git_attr_check *check = check_all_attr;
+
+	for (i = stk->num_matches - 1; 0 < rem && 0 <= i; i--) {
+		struct match_attr *a = stk->attrs[i];
+		if (!a->is_macro)
+			continue;
+		if (check[a->u.attr->attr_nr].value != ATTR__TRUE)
+			continue;
+		rem = fill_one("expand", a, rem);
+	}
+	return rem;
+}
+
+int git_checkattr(const char *path, int num, struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *stk;
+	const char *cp;
+	int dirlen, pathlen, i, rem;
+
+	bootstrap_attr_stack();
+	for (i = 0; i < attr_nr; i++)
+		check_all_attr[i].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
+
+	pathlen = strlen(path);
+	cp = strrchr(path, '/');
+	if (!cp)
+		dirlen = 0;
+	else
+		dirlen = cp - path;
+	prepare_attr_stack(path, dirlen);
+	rem = attr_nr;
+	for (stk = attr_stack; 0 < rem && stk; stk = stk->prev)
+		rem = fill(path, pathlen, stk, rem);
+
+	for (stk = attr_stack; 0 < rem && stk; stk = stk->prev)
+		rem = macroexpand(stk, rem);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+		const char *value = check_all_attr[check[i].attr->attr_nr].value;
+		if (value == ATTR__UNKNOWN)
+			value = ATTR__UNSET;
+		check[i].value = value;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction new, struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	enum git_attr_direction old = direction;
+
+	if (is_bare_repository() && new != GIT_ATTR_INDEX)
+		die("BUG: non-INDEX attr direction in a bare repo");
+
+	direction = new;
+	if (new != old)
+		drop_attr_stack();
+	use_index = istate;
+}
diff --git a/attr.h b/attr.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69b5767ebc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/attr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef ATTR_H
+#define ATTR_H
+
+/* An attribute is a pointer to this opaque structure */
+struct git_attr;
+
+/*
+ * Given a string, return the gitattribute object that
+ * corresponds to it.
+ */
+struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *, int);
+
+/* Internal use */
+extern const char git_attr__true[];
+extern const char git_attr__false[];
+
+/* For public to check git_attr_check results */
+#define ATTR_TRUE(v) ((v) == git_attr__true)
+#define ATTR_FALSE(v) ((v) == git_attr__false)
+#define ATTR_UNSET(v) ((v) == NULL)
+
+/*
+ * Send one or more git_attr_check to git_checkattr(), and
+ * each 'value' member tells what its value is.
+ * Unset one is returned as NULL.
+ */
+struct git_attr_check {
+	struct git_attr *attr;
+	const char *value;
+};
+
+int git_checkattr(const char *path, int, struct git_attr_check *);
+
+enum git_attr_direction {
+	GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN,
+	GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT,
+	GIT_ATTR_INDEX,
+};
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction, struct index_state *);
+
+#endif /* ATTR_H */
diff --git a/base85.c b/base85.c
index a9e97f89d9..b417a15bbc 100644
--- a/base85.c
+++ b/base85.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static void prep_base85(void)
 	}
 }
 
-int decode_85(char *dst, char *buffer, int len)
+int decode_85(char *dst, const char *buffer, int len)
 {
 	prep_base85();
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ int decode_85(char *dst, char *buffer, int len)
 		 */
 		if (0x03030303 < acc ||
 		    0xffffffff - de < (acc *= 85))
-			error("invalid base85 sequence %.5s", buffer-5);
+			return error("invalid base85 sequence %.5s", buffer-5);
 		acc += de;
 		say1(" %08x", acc);
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ int decode_85(char *dst, char *buffer, int len)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void encode_85(char *buf, unsigned char *data, int bytes)
+void encode_85(char *buf, const unsigned char *data, int bytes)
 {
 	prep_base85();
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ void encode_85(char *buf, unsigned char *data, int bytes)
 		unsigned acc = 0;
 		int cnt;
 		for (cnt = 24; cnt >= 0; cnt -= 8) {
-			int ch = *data++;
+			unsigned ch = *data++;
 			acc |= ch << cnt;
 			if (--bytes == 0)
 				break;
diff --git a/bisect.c b/bisect.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f20acb4b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bisect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1006 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
+
+struct sha1_array {
+	unsigned char (*sha1)[20];
+	int sha1_nr;
+	int sha1_alloc;
+	int sorted;
+};
+
+static struct sha1_array good_revs;
+static struct sha1_array skipped_revs;
+
+static const unsigned char *current_bad_sha1;
+
+struct argv_array {
+	const char **argv;
+	int argv_nr;
+	int argv_alloc;
+};
+
+static const char *argv_checkout[] = {"checkout", "-q", NULL, "--", NULL};
+static const char *argv_show_branch[] = {"show-branch", NULL, NULL};
+
+/* bits #0-15 in revision.h */
+
+#define COUNTED		(1u<<16)
+
+/*
+ * This is a truly stupid algorithm, but it's only
+ * used for bisection, and we just don't care enough.
+ *
+ * We care just barely enough to avoid recursing for
+ * non-merge entries.
+ */
+static int count_distance(struct commit_list *entry)
+{
+	int nr = 0;
+
+	while (entry) {
+		struct commit *commit = entry->item;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+
+		if (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | COUNTED))
+			break;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & TREESAME))
+			nr++;
+		commit->object.flags |= COUNTED;
+		p = commit->parents;
+		entry = p;
+		if (p) {
+			p = p->next;
+			while (p) {
+				nr += count_distance(p);
+				p = p->next;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nr;
+}
+
+static void clear_distance(struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		commit->object.flags &= ~COUNTED;
+		list = list->next;
+	}
+}
+
+#define DEBUG_BISECT 0
+
+static inline int weight(struct commit_list *elem)
+{
+	return *((int*)(elem->item->util));
+}
+
+static inline void weight_set(struct commit_list *elem, int weight)
+{
+	*((int*)(elem->item->util)) = weight;
+}
+
+static int count_interesting_parents(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	int count;
+
+	for (count = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		count++;
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+static inline int halfway(struct commit_list *p, int nr)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Don't short-cut something we are not going to return!
+	 */
+	if (p->item->object.flags & TREESAME)
+		return 0;
+	if (DEBUG_BISECT)
+		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * 2 and 3 are halfway of 5.
+	 * 3 is halfway of 6 but 2 and 4 are not.
+	 */
+	switch (2 * weight(p) - nr) {
+	case -1: case 0: case 1:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+#if !DEBUG_BISECT
+#define show_list(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
+#else
+static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
+		      struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d/%d)\n", debug, counted, nr);
+
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit_list *pp;
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *buf = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		char *ep, *sp;
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "%c%c%c ",
+			(flags & TREESAME) ? ' ' : 'T',
+			(flags & UNINTERESTING) ? 'U' : ' ',
+			(flags & COUNTED) ? 'C' : ' ');
+		if (commit->util)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", weight(p));
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr, "---");
+		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		for (pp = commit->parents; pp; pp = pp->next)
+			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8,
+				sha1_to_hex(pp->item->object.sha1));
+
+		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+		if (sp) {
+			sp += 2;
+			for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
+				;
+			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", (int)(ep - sp), sp);
+		}
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	}
+}
+#endif /* DEBUG_BISECT */
+
+static struct commit_list *best_bisection(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p, *best;
+	int best_distance = -1;
+
+	best = list;
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		int distance;
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & TREESAME)
+			continue;
+		distance = weight(p);
+		if (nr - distance < distance)
+			distance = nr - distance;
+		if (distance > best_distance) {
+			best = p;
+			best_distance = distance;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return best;
+}
+
+struct commit_dist {
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int distance;
+};
+
+static int compare_commit_dist(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct commit_dist *a, *b;
+
+	a = (struct commit_dist *)a_;
+	b = (struct commit_dist *)b_;
+	if (a->distance != b->distance)
+		return b->distance - a->distance; /* desc sort */
+	return hashcmp(a->commit->object.sha1, b->commit->object.sha1);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *best_bisection_sorted(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	struct commit_dist *array = xcalloc(nr, sizeof(*array));
+	int cnt, i;
+
+	for (p = list, cnt = 0; p; p = p->next) {
+		int distance;
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & TREESAME)
+			continue;
+		distance = weight(p);
+		if (nr - distance < distance)
+			distance = nr - distance;
+		array[cnt].commit = p->item;
+		array[cnt].distance = distance;
+		cnt++;
+	}
+	qsort(array, cnt, sizeof(*array), compare_commit_dist);
+	for (p = list, i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		struct name_decoration *r = xmalloc(sizeof(*r) + 100);
+		struct object *obj = &(array[i].commit->object);
+
+		sprintf(r->name, "dist=%d", array[i].distance);
+		r->next = add_decoration(&name_decoration, obj, r);
+		p->item = array[i].commit;
+		p = p->next;
+	}
+	if (p)
+		p->next = NULL;
+	free(array);
+	return list;
+}
+
+/*
+ * zero or positive weight is the number of interesting commits it can
+ * reach, including itself.  Especially, weight = 0 means it does not
+ * reach any tree-changing commits (e.g. just above uninteresting one
+ * but traversal is with pathspec).
+ *
+ * weight = -1 means it has one parent and its distance is yet to
+ * be computed.
+ *
+ * weight = -2 means it has more than one parent and its distance is
+ * unknown.  After running count_distance() first, they will get zero
+ * or positive distance.
+ */
+static struct commit_list *do_find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					     int nr, int *weights,
+					     int find_all)
+{
+	int n, counted;
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	counted = 0;
+
+	for (n = 0, p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+
+		p->item->util = &weights[n++];
+		switch (count_interesting_parents(commit)) {
+		case 0:
+			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
+				weight_set(p, 1);
+				counted++;
+				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
+					  counted, nr, list);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * otherwise, it is known not to reach any
+			 * tree-changing commit and gets weight 0.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			weight_set(p, -1);
+			break;
+		default:
+			weight_set(p, -2);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 initialize", counted, nr, list);
+
+	/*
+	 * If you have only one parent in the resulting set
+	 * then you can reach one commit more than that parent
+	 * can reach.  So we do not have to run the expensive
+	 * count_distance() for single strand of pearls.
+	 *
+	 * However, if you have more than one parents, you cannot
+	 * just add their distance and one for yourself, since
+	 * they usually reach the same ancestor and you would
+	 * end up counting them twice that way.
+	 *
+	 * So we will first count distance of merges the usual
+	 * way, and then fill the blanks using cheaper algorithm.
+	 */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		if (weight(p) != -2)
+			continue;
+		weight_set(p, count_distance(p));
+		clear_distance(list);
+
+		/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
+		if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
+			return p;
+		counted++;
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 count_distance", counted, nr, list);
+
+	while (counted < nr) {
+		for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+			struct commit_list *q;
+			unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+			if (0 <= weight(p))
+				continue;
+			for (q = p->item->parents; q; q = q->next) {
+				if (q->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+					continue;
+				if (0 <= weight(q))
+					break;
+			}
+			if (!q)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * weight for p is unknown but q is known.
+			 * add one for p itself if p is to be counted,
+			 * otherwise inherit it from q directly.
+			 */
+			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
+				weight_set(p, weight(q)+1);
+				counted++;
+				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
+					  counted, nr, list);
+			}
+			else
+				weight_set(p, weight(q));
+
+			/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
+			if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
+				return p;
+		}
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 counted all", counted, nr, list);
+
+	if (!find_all)
+		return best_bisection(list, nr);
+	else
+		return best_bisection_sorted(list, nr);
+}
+
+struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					  int *reaches, int *all,
+					  int find_all)
+{
+	int nr, on_list;
+	struct commit_list *p, *best, *next, *last;
+	int *weights;
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, list);
+
+	/*
+	 * Count the number of total and tree-changing items on the
+	 * list, while reversing the list.
+	 */
+	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = list;
+	     p;
+	     p = next) {
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		next = p->next;
+		if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		p->next = last;
+		last = p;
+		if (!(flags & TREESAME))
+			nr++;
+		on_list++;
+	}
+	list = last;
+	show_list("bisection 2 sorted", 0, nr, list);
+
+	*all = nr;
+	weights = xcalloc(on_list, sizeof(*weights));
+
+	/* Do the real work of finding bisection commit. */
+	best = do_find_bisection(list, nr, weights, find_all);
+	if (best) {
+		if (!find_all)
+			best->next = NULL;
+		*reaches = weight(best);
+	}
+	free(weights);
+	return best;
+}
+
+static void argv_array_push(struct argv_array *array, const char *string)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->argv, array->argv_nr + 1, array->argv_alloc);
+	array->argv[array->argv_nr++] = string;
+}
+
+static void argv_array_push_sha1(struct argv_array *array,
+				 const unsigned char *sha1,
+				 const char *format)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, format, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	argv_array_push(array, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+}
+
+static void sha1_array_push(struct sha1_array *array,
+			    const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->sha1, array->sha1_nr + 1, array->sha1_alloc);
+	hashcpy(array->sha1[array->sha1_nr++], sha1);
+}
+
+static int register_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(refname, "bad")) {
+		current_bad_sha1 = sha1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "good-")) {
+		sha1_array_push(&good_revs, sha1);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "skip-")) {
+		sha1_array_push(&skipped_revs, sha1);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_bisect_refs(void)
+{
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/", register_ref, NULL);
+}
+
+static void read_bisect_paths(struct argv_array *array)
+{
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_NAMES");
+	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+
+	if (!fp)
+		die_errno("Could not open file '%s'", filename);
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		char *quoted;
+		int res;
+
+		strbuf_trim(&str);
+		quoted = strbuf_detach(&str, NULL);
+		res = sq_dequote_to_argv(quoted, &array->argv,
+					 &array->argv_nr, &array->argv_alloc);
+		if (res)
+			die("Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s",
+			    filename, quoted);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
+static int array_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return hashcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static void sort_sha1_array(struct sha1_array *array)
+{
+	qsort(array->sha1, array->sha1_nr, sizeof(*array->sha1), array_cmp);
+
+	array->sorted = 1;
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
+{
+	unsigned char (*array)[20] = table;
+	return array[index];
+}
+
+static int lookup_sha1_array(struct sha1_array *array,
+			     const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (!array->sorted)
+		sort_sha1_array(array);
+
+	return sha1_pos(sha1, array->sha1, array->sha1_nr, sha1_access);
+}
+
+static char *join_sha1_array_hex(struct sha1_array *array, char delim)
+{
+	struct strbuf joined_hexs = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->sha1_nr; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&joined_hexs, sha1_to_hex(array->sha1[i]));
+		if (i + 1 < array->sha1_nr)
+			strbuf_addch(&joined_hexs, delim);
+	}
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&joined_hexs, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * In this function, passing a not NULL skipped_first is very special.
+ * It means that we want to know if the first commit in the list is
+ * skipped because we will want to test a commit away from it if it is
+ * indeed skipped.
+ * So if the first commit is skipped, we cannot take the shortcut to
+ * just "return list" when we find the first non skipped commit, we
+ * have to return a fully filtered list.
+ *
+ * We use (*skipped_first == -1) to mean "it has been found that the
+ * first commit is not skipped". In this case *skipped_first is set back
+ * to 0 just before the function returns.
+ */
+struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+				   struct commit_list **tried,
+				   int show_all,
+				   int *count,
+				   int *skipped_first)
+{
+	struct commit_list *filtered = NULL, **f = &filtered;
+
+	*tried = NULL;
+
+	if (skipped_first)
+		*skipped_first = 0;
+	if (count)
+		*count = 0;
+
+	if (!skipped_revs.sha1_nr)
+		return list;
+
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
+		list->next = NULL;
+		if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&skipped_revs,
+					   list->item->object.sha1)) {
+			if (skipped_first && !*skipped_first)
+				*skipped_first = 1;
+			/* Move current to tried list */
+			*tried = list;
+			tried = &list->next;
+		} else {
+			if (!show_all) {
+				if (!skipped_first || !*skipped_first)
+					return list;
+			} else if (skipped_first && !*skipped_first) {
+				/* This means we know it's not skipped */
+				*skipped_first = -1;
+			}
+			/* Move current to filtered list */
+			*f = list;
+			f = &list->next;
+			if (count)
+				(*count)++;
+		}
+		list = next;
+	}
+
+	if (skipped_first && *skipped_first == -1)
+		*skipped_first = 0;
+
+	return filtered;
+}
+
+#define PRN_MODULO 32768
+
+/*
+ * This is a pseudo random number generator based on "man 3 rand".
+ * It is not used properly because the seed is the argument and it
+ * is increased by one between each call, but that should not matter
+ * for this application.
+ */
+int get_prn(int count) {
+	count = count * 1103515245 + 12345;
+	return ((unsigned)(count/65536) % PRN_MODULO);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Custom integer square root from
+ * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_square_root
+ */
+static int sqrti(int val)
+{
+	float d, x = val;
+
+	if (val == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	do {
+		float y = (x + (float)val / x) / 2;
+		d = (y > x) ? y - x : x - y;
+		x = y;
+	} while (d >= 0.5);
+
+	return (int)x;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *skip_away(struct commit_list *list, int count)
+{
+	struct commit_list *cur, *previous;
+	int prn, index, i;
+
+	prn = get_prn(count);
+	index = (count * prn / PRN_MODULO) * sqrti(prn) / sqrti(PRN_MODULO);
+
+	cur = list;
+	previous = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next, i++) {
+		if (i == index) {
+			if (hashcmp(cur->item->object.sha1, current_bad_sha1))
+				return cur;
+			if (previous)
+				return previous;
+			return list;
+		}
+		previous = cur;
+	}
+
+	return list;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *managed_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+					   struct commit_list **tried)
+{
+	int count, skipped_first;
+
+	*tried = NULL;
+
+	if (!skipped_revs.sha1_nr)
+		return list;
+
+	list = filter_skipped(list, tried, 0, &count, &skipped_first);
+
+	if (!skipped_first)
+		return list;
+
+	return skip_away(list, count);
+}
+
+static void bisect_rev_setup(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix,
+			     const char *bad_format, const char *good_format,
+			     int read_paths)
+{
+	struct argv_array rev_argv = { NULL, 0, 0 };
+	int i;
+
+	init_revisions(revs, prefix);
+	revs->abbrev = 0;
+	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+	/* rev_argv.argv[0] will be ignored by setup_revisions */
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, xstrdup("bisect_rev_setup"));
+	argv_array_push_sha1(&rev_argv, current_bad_sha1, bad_format);
+	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.sha1_nr; i++)
+		argv_array_push_sha1(&rev_argv, good_revs.sha1[i],
+				     good_format);
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, xstrdup("--"));
+	if (read_paths)
+		read_bisect_paths(&rev_argv);
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, NULL);
+
+	setup_revisions(rev_argv.argv_nr, rev_argv.argv, revs, NULL);
+}
+
+static void bisect_common(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	if (revs->tree_objects)
+		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs->commits, revs, NULL);
+}
+
+static void exit_if_skipped_commits(struct commit_list *tried,
+				    const unsigned char *bad)
+{
+	if (!tried)
+		return;
+
+	printf("There are only 'skip'ped commits left to test.\n"
+	       "The first bad commit could be any of:\n");
+	print_commit_list(tried, "%s\n", "%s\n");
+	if (bad)
+		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(bad));
+	printf("We cannot bisect more!\n");
+	exit(2);
+}
+
+static int is_expected_rev(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
+	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	if (stat(filename, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+	if (!fp)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF)
+		res = !strcmp(str.buf, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void mark_expected_rev(char *bisect_rev_hex)
+{
+	int len = strlen(bisect_rev_hex);
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
+	int fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("could not create file '%s'", filename);
+
+	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\n';
+	write_or_die(fd, bisect_rev_hex, len + 1);
+	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\0';
+
+	if (close(fd) < 0)
+		die("closing file %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static int bisect_checkout(char *bisect_rev_hex)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	mark_expected_rev(bisect_rev_hex);
+
+	argv_checkout[2] = bisect_rev_hex;
+	res = run_command_v_opt(argv_checkout, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	if (res)
+		exit(res);
+
+	argv_show_branch[1] = bisect_rev_hex;
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv_show_branch, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct commit *r = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!r)
+		die("Not a valid commit name %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	return r;
+}
+
+static struct commit **get_bad_and_good_commits(int *rev_nr)
+{
+	int len = 1 + good_revs.sha1_nr;
+	struct commit **rev = xmalloc(len * sizeof(*rev));
+	int i, n = 0;
+
+	rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(current_bad_sha1);
+	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.sha1_nr; i++)
+		rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(good_revs.sha1[i]);
+	*rev_nr = n;
+
+	return rev;
+}
+
+static void handle_bad_merge_base(void)
+{
+	if (is_expected_rev(current_bad_sha1)) {
+		char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+		char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+			"This means the bug has been fixed "
+			"between %s and [%s].\n",
+			bad_hex, bad_hex, good_hex);
+
+		exit(3);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Some good revs are not ancestor of the bad rev.\n"
+		"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+		"Maybe you mistake good and bad revs?\n");
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void handle_skipped_merge_base(const unsigned char *mb)
+{
+	char *mb_hex = sha1_to_hex(mb);
+	char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+	char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: the merge base between %s and [%s] "
+		"must be skipped.\n"
+		"So we cannot be sure the first bad commit is "
+		"between %s and %s.\n"
+		"We continue anyway.\n",
+		bad_hex, good_hex, mb_hex, bad_hex);
+	free(good_hex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "check_merge_bases" checks that merge bases are not "bad".
+ *
+ * - If one is "bad", it means the user assumed something wrong
+ * and we must exit with a non 0 error code.
+ * - If one is "good", that's good, we have nothing to do.
+ * - If one is "skipped", we can't know but we should warn.
+ * - If we don't know, we should check it out and ask the user to test.
+ */
+static void check_merge_bases(void)
+{
+	struct commit_list *result;
+	int rev_nr;
+	struct commit **rev = get_bad_and_good_commits(&rev_nr);
+
+	result = get_merge_bases_many(rev[0], rev_nr - 1, rev + 1, 0);
+
+	for (; result; result = result->next) {
+		const unsigned char *mb = result->item->object.sha1;
+		if (!hashcmp(mb, current_bad_sha1)) {
+			handle_bad_merge_base();
+		} else if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&good_revs, mb)) {
+			continue;
+		} else if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&skipped_revs, mb)) {
+			handle_skipped_merge_base(mb);
+		} else {
+			printf("Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n");
+			exit(bisect_checkout(sha1_to_hex(mb)));
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(rev);
+	free_commit_list(result);
+}
+
+static int check_ancestors(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct object_array pending_copy;
+	int i, res;
+
+	bisect_rev_setup(&revs, prefix, "^%s", "%s", 0);
+
+	/* Save pending objects, so they can be cleaned up later. */
+	memset(&pending_copy, 0, sizeof(pending_copy));
+	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++)
+		add_object_array(revs.pending.objects[i].item,
+				 revs.pending.objects[i].name,
+				 &pending_copy);
+
+	bisect_common(&revs);
+	res = (revs.commits != NULL);
+
+	/* Clean up objects used, as they will be reused. */
+	for (i = 0; i < pending_copy.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *o = pending_copy.objects[i].item;
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad" checks that all "good" revs are
+ * ancestor of the "bad" rev.
+ *
+ * If that's not the case, we need to check the merge bases.
+ * If a merge base must be tested by the user, its source code will be
+ * checked out to be tested by the user and we will exit.
+ */
+static void check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK");
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (!current_bad_sha1)
+		die("a bad revision is needed");
+
+	/* Check if file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK exists. */
+	if (!stat(filename, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return;
+
+	/* Bisecting with no good rev is ok. */
+	if (good_revs.sha1_nr == 0)
+		return;
+
+	/* Check if all good revs are ancestor of the bad rev. */
+	if (check_ancestors(prefix))
+		check_merge_bases();
+
+	/* Create file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK. */
+	fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		warning("could not create file '%s': %s",
+			filename, strerror(errno));
+	else
+		close(fd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This does "git diff-tree --pretty COMMIT" without one fork+exec.
+ */
+static void show_diff_tree(const char *prefix, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct rev_info opt;
+
+	/* diff-tree init */
+	init_revisions(&opt, prefix);
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	opt.abbrev = 0;
+	opt.diff = 1;
+
+	/* This is what "--pretty" does */
+	opt.verbose_header = 1;
+	opt.use_terminator = 0;
+	opt.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
+
+	/* diff-tree init */
+	if (!opt.diffopt.output_format)
+		opt.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
+
+	log_tree_commit(&opt, commit);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We use the convention that exiting with an exit code 10 means that
+ * the bisection process finished successfully.
+ * In this case the calling shell script should exit 0.
+ */
+int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct commit_list *tried;
+	int reaches = 0, all = 0, nr;
+	const unsigned char *bisect_rev;
+	char bisect_rev_hex[41];
+
+	if (read_bisect_refs())
+		die("reading bisect refs failed");
+
+	check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(prefix);
+
+	bisect_rev_setup(&revs, prefix, "%s", "^%s", 1);
+	revs.limited = 1;
+
+	bisect_common(&revs);
+
+	revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
+				       !!skipped_revs.sha1_nr);
+	revs.commits = managed_skipped(revs.commits, &tried);
+
+	if (!revs.commits) {
+		/*
+		 * We should exit here only if the "bad"
+		 * commit is also a "skip" commit.
+		 */
+		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, NULL);
+
+		printf("%s was both good and bad\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1));
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	bisect_rev = revs.commits->item->object.sha1;
+	memcpy(bisect_rev_hex, sha1_to_hex(bisect_rev), 41);
+
+	if (!hashcmp(bisect_rev, current_bad_sha1)) {
+		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, current_bad_sha1);
+		printf("%s is first bad commit\n", bisect_rev_hex);
+		show_diff_tree(prefix, revs.commits->item);
+		/* This means the bisection process succeeded. */
+		exit(10);
+	}
+
+	nr = all - reaches - 1;
+	printf("Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this "
+	       "(roughly %d steps)\n", nr, estimate_bisect_steps(all));
+
+	return bisect_checkout(bisect_rev_hex);
+}
+
diff --git a/bisect.h b/bisect.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82f8fc1910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bisect.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef BISECT_H
+#define BISECT_H
+
+extern struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					  int *reaches, int *all,
+					  int find_all);
+
+extern struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+					  struct commit_list **tried,
+					  int show_all,
+					  int *count,
+					  int *skipped_first);
+
+extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+			      const char *format_cur,
+			      const char *format_last);
+
+/* bisect_show_flags flags in struct rev_list_info */
+#define BISECT_SHOW_ALL		(1<<0)
+#define BISECT_SHOW_TRIED	(1<<1)
+
+struct rev_list_info {
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+	int bisect_show_flags;
+	int show_timestamp;
+	int hdr_termination;
+	const char *header_prefix;
+};
+
+extern int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all);
+
+extern int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix);
+
+extern int estimate_bisect_steps(int all);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/blob.c b/blob.c
index 0a9ea417b8..bd7d078e1a 100644
--- a/blob.c
+++ b/blob.c
@@ -6,12 +6,8 @@ const char *blob_type = "blob";
 struct blob *lookup_blob(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		struct blob *ret = alloc_blob_node();
-		created_object(sha1, &ret->object);
-		ret->object.type = OBJ_BLOB;
-		return ret;
-	}
+	if (!obj)
+		return create_object(sha1, OBJ_BLOB, alloc_blob_node());
 	if (!obj->type)
 		obj->type = OBJ_BLOB;
 	if (obj->type != OBJ_BLOB) {
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05ef3f5c9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+
+struct tracking {
+	struct refspec spec;
+	char *src;
+	const char *remote;
+	int matches;
+};
+
+static int find_tracked_branch(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
+{
+	struct tracking *tracking = priv;
+
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, &tracking->spec)) {
+		if (++tracking->matches == 1) {
+			tracking->src = tracking->spec.src;
+			tracking->remote = remote->name;
+		} else {
+			free(tracking->spec.src);
+			if (tracking->src) {
+				free(tracking->src);
+				tracking->src = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+		tracking->spec.src = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int should_setup_rebase(const char *origin)
+{
+	switch (autorebase) {
+	case AUTOREBASE_NEVER:
+		return 0;
+	case AUTOREBASE_LOCAL:
+		return origin == NULL;
+	case AUTOREBASE_REMOTE:
+		return origin != NULL;
+	case AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS:
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int rebasing = should_setup_rebase(origin);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.remote", local);
+	git_config_set(key.buf, origin ? origin : ".");
+
+	strbuf_reset(&key);
+	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.merge", local);
+	git_config_set(key.buf, remote);
+
+	if (rebasing) {
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.rebase", local);
+		git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
+	}
+
+	if (flag & BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE) {
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&key, origin ? "remote" : "local");
+
+		/* Are we tracking a proper "branch"? */
+		if (!prefixcmp(remote, "refs/heads/")) {
+			strbuf_addf(&key, " branch %s", remote + 11);
+			if (origin)
+				strbuf_addf(&key, " from %s", origin);
+		}
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&key, " ref %s", remote);
+		printf("Branch %s set up to track %s%s.\n",
+		       local, key.buf,
+		       rebasing ? " by rebasing" : "");
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is called when new_ref is branched off of orig_ref, and tries
+ * to infer the settings for branch.<new_ref>.{remote,merge} from the
+ * config.
+ */
+static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
+                          enum branch_track track)
+{
+	struct tracking tracking;
+
+	if (strlen(new_ref) > 1024 - 7 - 7 - 1)
+		return error("Tracking not set up: name too long: %s",
+				new_ref);
+
+	memset(&tracking, 0, sizeof(tracking));
+	tracking.spec.dst = (char *)orig_ref;
+	if (for_each_remote(find_tracked_branch, &tracking))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!tracking.matches)
+		switch (track) {
+		case BRANCH_TRACK_ALWAYS:
+		case BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+	if (tracking.matches > 1)
+		return error("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s",
+				orig_ref);
+
+	install_branch_config(BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE, new_ref, tracking.remote,
+			      tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref);
+
+	free(tracking.src);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void create_branch(const char *head,
+		   const char *name, const char *start_name,
+		   int force, int reflog, enum branch_track track)
+{
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *real_ref, msg[PATH_MAX + 20];
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int forcing = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&ref, name))
+		die("'%s' is not a valid branch name.", name);
+
+	if (resolve_ref(ref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+		if (!force)
+			die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", name);
+		else if (!is_bare_repository() && !strcmp(head, name))
+			die("Cannot force update the current branch.");
+		forcing = 1;
+	}
+
+	real_ref = NULL;
+	if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+
+	switch (dwim_ref(start_name, strlen(start_name), sha1, &real_ref)) {
+	case 0:
+		/* Not branching from any existing branch */
+		if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT)
+			die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		/* Unique completion -- good, only if it is a real ref */
+		if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT && !strcmp(real_ref, "HEAD"))
+			die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+		break;
+	default:
+		die("Ambiguous object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
+		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start_name);
+	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref.buf, NULL, 0);
+	if (!lock)
+		die_errno("Failed to lock ref for update");
+
+	if (reflog)
+		log_all_ref_updates = 1;
+
+	if (forcing)
+		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Reset from %s",
+			 start_name);
+	else
+		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Created from %s",
+			 start_name);
+
+	if (real_ref && track)
+		setup_tracking(name, real_ref, track);
+
+	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
+		die_errno("Failed to write ref");
+
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
+	free(real_ref);
+}
+
+void remove_branch_state(void)
+{
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_RR"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+}
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eed817a64c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef BRANCH_H
+#define BRANCH_H
+
+/* Functions for acting on the information about branches. */
+
+/*
+ * Creates a new branch, where head is the branch currently checked
+ * out, name is the new branch name, start_name is the name of the
+ * existing branch that the new branch should start from, force
+ * enables overwriting an existing (non-head) branch, reflog creates a
+ * reflog for the branch, and track causes the new branch to be
+ * configured to merge the remote branch that start_name is a tracking
+ * branch for (if any).
+ */
+void create_branch(const char *head, const char *name, const char *start_name,
+		   int force, int reflog, enum branch_track track);
+
+/*
+ * Remove information about the state of working on the current
+ * branch. (E.g., MERGE_HEAD)
+ */
+void remove_branch_state(void);
+
+/*
+ * Configure local branch "local" to merge remote branch "remote"
+ * taken from origin "origin".
+ */
+#define BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE 01
+extern void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/builtin-add.c b/builtin-add.c
index 9ec292590c..581a2a1748 100644
--- a/builtin-add.c
+++ b/builtin-add.c
@@ -8,11 +8,38 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
 
-static const char builtin_add_usage[] =
-"git-add [-n] [-v] [-f] [--interactive | -i] [--] <filepattern>...";
+static const char * const builtin_add_usage[] = {
+	"git add [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	NULL
+};
+static int patch_interactive, add_interactive, edit_interactive;
+static int take_worktree_changes;
 
-static const char *excludes_file;
+static void fill_pathspec_matches(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs)
+{
+	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
+	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
+	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
+	 * anything.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++)
+		if (!seen[i])
+			num_unmatched++;
+	if (!num_unmatched)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen);
+	}
+}
 
 static void prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int prefix)
 {
@@ -33,185 +60,292 @@ static void prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int p
 			*dst++ = entry;
 	}
 	dir->nr = dst - dir->entries;
+	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, specs);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
-		struct stat st;
-		const char *match;
-		if (seen[i])
-			continue;
-
-		match = pathspec[i];
-		if (!match[0])
-			continue;
-
-		/* Existing file? We must have ignored it */
-		if (!lstat(match, &st)) {
-			struct dir_entry *ent;
-
-			ent = dir_add_name(dir, match, strlen(match));
-			ent->ignored = 1;
-			if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-				ent->ignored_dir = 1;
-			continue;
+		if (!seen[i] && pathspec[i][0] && !file_exists(pathspec[i]))
+			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					pathspec[i]);
+	}
+        free(seen);
+}
+
+static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+			int len = ce_namelen(ce), j;
+			for (j = 0; pathspec[j]; j++) {
+				int len2 = strlen(pathspec[j]);
+				if (len2 <= len || pathspec[j][len] != '/' ||
+				    memcmp(ce->name, pathspec[j], len))
+					continue;
+				if (len2 == len + 1)
+					/* strip trailing slash */
+					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
+				else
+					die ("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'",
+						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
+			}
 		}
-		die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files", match);
 	}
 }
 
-static void fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec)
+static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
 {
-	const char *path, *base;
-	int baselen;
-
-	/* Set up the default git porcelain excludes */
-	memset(dir, 0, sizeof(*dir));
-	dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
-	path = git_path("info/exclude");
-	if (!access(path, R_OK))
-		add_excludes_from_file(dir, path);
-	if (!access(excludes_file, R_OK))
-		add_excludes_from_file(dir, excludes_file);
+	char *seen;
+	int i, specs;
 
-	/*
-	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
-	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
-	 */
-	baselen = common_prefix(pathspec);
-	path = ".";
-	base = "";
-	if (baselen) {
-		char *common = xmalloc(baselen + 1);
-		memcpy(common, *pathspec, baselen);
-		common[baselen] = 0;
-		path = base = common;
+	for (specs = 0; pathspec[specs];  specs++)
+		/* nothing */;
+	seen = xcalloc(specs, 1);
+	refresh_index(&the_index, verbose ? REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED : REFRESH_QUIET,
+		      pathspec, seen);
+	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
+		if (!seen[i])
+			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files", pathspec[i]);
+	}
+        free(seen);
+}
+
+static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+
+	if (pathspec) {
+		const char **p;
+		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
+			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
+				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+				die("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", *p + len);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* Read the directory and prune it */
-	read_directory(dir, path, base, baselen, pathspec);
-	if (pathspec)
-		prune_directory(dir, pathspec, baselen);
+	return pathspec;
 }
 
-static int git_add_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(var, "core.excludesfile")) {
-		if (!value)
-			die("core.excludesfile without value");
-		excludes_file = xstrdup(value);
-		return 0;
+	int status, ac;
+	const char **args;
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
+
+	if (argc) {
+		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+		if (!pathspec)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	args = xcalloc(sizeof(const char *), (argc + 4));
+	ac = 0;
+	args[ac++] = "add--interactive";
+	if (patch_interactive)
+		args[ac++] = "--patch";
+	args[ac++] = "--";
+	if (argc) {
+		memcpy(&(args[ac]), pathspec, sizeof(const char *) * argc);
+		ac += argc;
 	}
+	args[ac] = NULL;
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	status = run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	free(args);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *file = xstrdup(git_path("ADD_EDIT.patch"));
+	const char *apply_argv[] = { "apply", "--recount", "--cached",
+		file, NULL };
+	struct child_process child;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	int out;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die ("Could not read the index");
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	rev.diffopt.context = 7;
+
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (out < 0)
+		die ("Could not open '%s' for writing.", file);
+	rev.diffopt.file = fdopen(out, "w");
+	rev.diffopt.close_file = 1;
+	if (run_diff_files(&rev, 0))
+		die ("Could not write patch");
+
+	launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL);
+
+	if (stat(file, &st))
+		die_errno("Could not stat '%s'", file);
+	if (!st.st_size)
+		die("Empty patch. Aborted.");
+
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	child.argv = apply_argv;
+	if (run_command(&child))
+		die ("Could not apply '%s'", file);
+
+	unlink(file);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
-static const char ignore_warning[] =
+static const char ignore_error[] =
 "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n";
 
+static int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, ignored_too = 0, refresh_only = 0;
+static int ignore_add_errors, addremove, intent_to_add;
+
+static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT_GROUP(""),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, "interactive picking"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "interactive patching"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, "edit current diff and apply"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &ignored_too, "allow adding otherwise ignored files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, "update tracked files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, "record only the fact that the path will be added later"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, "add all, noticing removal of tracked files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, "don't add, only refresh the index"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
+
+static int add_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(var, "add.ignore-errors")) {
+		ignore_add_errors = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static int add_files(struct dir_struct *dir, int flags)
+{
+	int i, exit_status = 0;
+
+	if (dir->ignored_nr) {
+		fprintf(stderr, ignore_error);
+		for (i = 0; i < dir->ignored_nr; i++)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", dir->ignored[i]->name);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n");
+		die("no files added");
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
+		if (add_file_to_cache(dir->entries[i]->name, flags)) {
+			if (!ignore_add_errors)
+				die("adding files failed");
+			exit_status = 1;
+		}
+	return exit_status;
+}
+
 int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, newfd;
-	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, ignored_too = 0;
+	int exit_status = 0;
+	int newfd;
 	const char **pathspec;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
-	int add_interactive = 0;
+	int flags;
+	int add_new_files;
+	int require_pathspec;
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp("--interactive", argv[i]) ||
-		    !strcmp("-i", argv[i]))
-			add_interactive++;
-	}
-	if (add_interactive) {
-		const char *args[] = { "add--interactive", NULL };
+	git_config(add_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_add_options,
+			  builtin_add_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+	if (patch_interactive)
+		add_interactive = 1;
+	if (add_interactive)
+		exit(interactive_add(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix));
+
+	if (edit_interactive)
+		return(edit_patch(argc, argv, prefix));
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
 
-		if (add_interactive != 1 || argc != 2)
-			die("add --interactive does not take any parameters");
-		execv_git_cmd(args);
-		exit(1);
+	if (addremove && take_worktree_changes)
+		die("-A and -u are mutually incompatible");
+	if ((addremove || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
+		static const char *here[2] = { ".", NULL };
+		argc = 1;
+		argv = here;
 	}
 
-	git_config(git_add_config);
+	add_new_files = !take_worktree_changes && !refresh_only;
+	require_pathspec = !take_worktree_changes;
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
+	flags = ((verbose ? ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE : 0) |
+		 (show_only ? ADD_CACHE_PRETEND : 0) |
+		 (intent_to_add ? ADD_CACHE_INTENT : 0) |
+		 (ignore_add_errors ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS : 0) |
+		 (!(addremove || take_worktree_changes)
+		  ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL : 0));
 
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-n")) {
-			show_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-f")) {
-			ignored_too = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			verbose = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(builtin_add_usage);
-	}
-	if (argc <= i) {
+	if (require_pathspec && argc == 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n");
 		fprintf(stderr, "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
-	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
-
-	fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
-
-	if (show_only) {
-		const char *sep = "", *eof = "";
-		for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-			if (!ignored_too && dir.entries[i]->ignored)
-				continue;
-			printf("%s%s", sep, dir.entries[i]->name);
-			sep = " ";
-			eof = "\n";
-		}
-		fputs(eof, stdout);
-		return 0;
-	}
+	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
+	treat_gitlinks(pathspec);
 
-	if (!ignored_too) {
-		int has_ignored = 0;
-		for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++)
-			if (dir.entries[i]->ignored)
-				has_ignored = 1;
-		if (has_ignored) {
-			fprintf(stderr, ignore_warning);
-			for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-				if (!dir.entries[i]->ignored)
-					continue;
-				fprintf(stderr, "%s", dir.entries[i]->name);
-				if (dir.entries[i]->ignored_dir)
-					fprintf(stderr, " (directory)");
-				fputc('\n', stderr);
-			}
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Use -f if you really want to add them.\n");
-			exit(1);
+	if (add_new_files) {
+		int baselen;
+
+		/* Set up the default git porcelain excludes */
+		memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+		if (!ignored_too) {
+			dir.flags |= DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED;
+			setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 		}
+
+		/* This picks up the paths that are not tracked */
+		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
+		if (pathspec)
+			prune_directory(&dir, pathspec, baselen);
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++)
-		add_file_to_cache(dir.entries[i]->name, verbose);
+	if (refresh_only) {
+		refresh(verbose, pathspec);
+		goto finish;
+	}
+
+	exit_status |= add_files_to_cache(prefix, pathspec, flags);
 
+	if (add_new_files)
+		exit_status |= add_files(&dir, flags);
+
+ finish:
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
+		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return exit_status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-annotate.c b/builtin-annotate.c
index 9db7cfe74c..fc43eed36b 100644
--- a/builtin-annotate.c
+++ b/builtin-annotate.c
@@ -22,4 +22,3 @@ int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	return cmd_blame(argc + 1, nargv, prefix);
 }
-
diff --git a/builtin-apply.c b/builtin-apply.c
index fd92ef7174..dc0ff5e08a 100644
--- a/builtin-apply.c
+++ b/builtin-apply.c
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 /*
  *  --check turns on checking that the working tree matches the
@@ -41,48 +44,54 @@ static int apply_in_reverse;
 static int apply_with_reject;
 static int apply_verbosely;
 static int no_add;
-static int show_index_info;
+static const char *fake_ancestor;
 static int line_termination = '\n';
-static unsigned long p_context = ULONG_MAX;
-static const char apply_usage[] =
-"git-apply [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--cached] [--apply] [--no-add] [--index-info] [--allow-binary-replacement] [--reverse] [--reject] [--verbose] [-z] [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|error|error-all|strip>] <patch>...";
-
-static enum whitespace_eol {
-	nowarn_whitespace,
-	warn_on_whitespace,
-	error_on_whitespace,
-	strip_whitespace,
-} new_whitespace = warn_on_whitespace;
+static unsigned int p_context = UINT_MAX;
+static const char * const apply_usage[] = {
+	"git apply [options] [<patch>...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static enum ws_error_action {
+	nowarn_ws_error,
+	warn_on_ws_error,
+	die_on_ws_error,
+	correct_ws_error,
+} ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
 static int whitespace_error;
 static int squelch_whitespace_errors = 5;
-static int applied_after_stripping;
+static int applied_after_fixing_ws;
 static const char *patch_input_file;
+static const char *root;
+static int root_len;
+static int read_stdin = 1;
+static int options;
 
 static void parse_whitespace_option(const char *option)
 {
 	if (!option) {
-		new_whitespace = warn_on_whitespace;
+		ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(option, "warn")) {
-		new_whitespace = warn_on_whitespace;
+		ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(option, "nowarn")) {
-		new_whitespace = nowarn_whitespace;
+		ws_error_action = nowarn_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(option, "error")) {
-		new_whitespace = error_on_whitespace;
+		ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(option, "error-all")) {
-		new_whitespace = error_on_whitespace;
+		ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
 		squelch_whitespace_errors = 0;
 		return;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "strip")) {
-		new_whitespace = strip_whitespace;
+	if (!strcmp(option, "strip") || !strcmp(option, "fix")) {
+		ws_error_action = correct_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
 	die("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'", option);
@@ -90,11 +99,8 @@ static void parse_whitespace_option(const char *option)
 
 static void set_default_whitespace_mode(const char *whitespace_option)
 {
-	if (!whitespace_option && !apply_default_whitespace) {
-		new_whitespace = (apply
-				  ? warn_on_whitespace
-				  : nowarn_whitespace);
-	}
+	if (!whitespace_option && !apply_default_whitespace)
+		ws_error_action = (apply ? warn_on_ws_error : nowarn_ws_error);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -137,11 +143,17 @@ struct fragment {
 #define BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED	1
 #define BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED 2
 
+/*
+ * This represents a "patch" to a file, both metainfo changes
+ * such as creation/deletion, filemode and content changes represented
+ * as a series of fragments.
+ */
 struct patch {
 	char *new_name, *old_name, *def_name;
 	unsigned int old_mode, new_mode;
 	int is_new, is_delete;	/* -1 = unknown, 0 = false, 1 = true */
 	int rejected;
+	unsigned ws_rule;
 	unsigned long deflate_origlen;
 	int lines_added, lines_deleted;
 	int score;
@@ -150,28 +162,114 @@ struct patch {
 	unsigned int is_binary:1;
 	unsigned int is_copy:1;
 	unsigned int is_rename:1;
+	unsigned int recount:1;
 	struct fragment *fragments;
 	char *result;
-	unsigned long resultsize;
+	size_t resultsize;
 	char old_sha1_prefix[41];
 	char new_sha1_prefix[41];
 	struct patch *next;
 };
 
-static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *pre, struct patch *patch, const char *post)
+/*
+ * A line in a file, len-bytes long (includes the terminating LF,
+ * except for an incomplete line at the end if the file ends with
+ * one), and its contents hashes to 'hash'.
+ */
+struct line {
+	size_t len;
+	unsigned hash : 24;
+	unsigned flag : 8;
+#define LINE_COMMON     1
+};
+
+/*
+ * This represents a "file", which is an array of "lines".
+ */
+struct image {
+	char *buf;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t nr;
+	size_t alloc;
+	struct line *line_allocated;
+	struct line *line;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Records filenames that have been touched, in order to handle
+ * the case where more than one patches touch the same file.
+ */
+
+static struct string_list fn_table;
+
+static uint32_t hash_line(const char *cp, size_t len)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t h;
+	for (i = 0, h = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (!isspace(cp[i])) {
+			h = h * 3 + (cp[i] & 0xff);
+		}
+	}
+	return h;
+}
+
+static void add_line_info(struct image *img, const char *bol, size_t len, unsigned flag)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(img->line_allocated, img->nr + 1, img->alloc);
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].len = len;
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].hash = hash_line(bol, len);
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].flag = flag;
+	img->nr++;
+}
+
+static void prepare_image(struct image *image, char *buf, size_t len,
+			  int prepare_linetable)
+{
+	const char *cp, *ep;
+
+	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
+	image->buf = buf;
+	image->len = len;
+
+	if (!prepare_linetable)
+		return;
+
+	ep = image->buf + image->len;
+	cp = image->buf;
+	while (cp < ep) {
+		const char *next;
+		for (next = cp; next < ep && *next != '\n'; next++)
+			;
+		if (next < ep)
+			next++;
+		add_line_info(image, cp, next - cp, 0);
+		cp = next;
+	}
+	image->line = image->line_allocated;
+}
+
+static void clear_image(struct image *image)
+{
+	free(image->buf);
+	image->buf = NULL;
+	image->len = 0;
+}
+
+static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *pre,
+			   struct patch *patch, const char *post)
 {
 	fputs(pre, output);
 	if (patch->old_name && patch->new_name &&
 	    strcmp(patch->old_name, patch->new_name)) {
-		write_name_quoted(NULL, 0, patch->old_name, 1, output);
+		quote_c_style(patch->old_name, NULL, output, 0);
 		fputs(" => ", output);
-		write_name_quoted(NULL, 0, patch->new_name, 1, output);
-	}
-	else {
+		quote_c_style(patch->new_name, NULL, output, 0);
+	} else {
 		const char *n = patch->new_name;
 		if (!n)
 			n = patch->old_name;
-		write_name_quoted(NULL, 0, n, 1, output);
+		quote_c_style(n, NULL, output, 0);
 	}
 	fputs(post, output);
 }
@@ -179,36 +277,18 @@ static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *pre, struct patch *patch, c
 #define CHUNKSIZE (8192)
 #define SLOP (16)
 
-static void *read_patch_file(int fd, unsigned long *sizep)
+static void read_patch_file(struct strbuf *sb, int fd)
 {
-	unsigned long size = 0, alloc = CHUNKSIZE;
-	void *buffer = xmalloc(alloc);
-
-	for (;;) {
-		int nr = alloc - size;
-		if (nr < 1024) {
-			alloc += CHUNKSIZE;
-			buffer = xrealloc(buffer, alloc);
-			nr = alloc - size;
-		}
-		nr = xread(fd, (char *) buffer + size, nr);
-		if (!nr)
-			break;
-		if (nr < 0)
-			die("git-apply: read returned %s", strerror(errno));
-		size += nr;
-	}
-	*sizep = size;
+	if (strbuf_read(sb, fd, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno("git apply: failed to read");
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure that we have some slop in the buffer
 	 * so that we can do speculative "memcmp" etc, and
 	 * see to it that it is NUL-filled.
 	 */
-	if (alloc < size + SLOP)
-		buffer = xrealloc(buffer, size + SLOP);
-	memset((char *) buffer + size, 0, SLOP);
-	return buffer;
+	strbuf_grow(sb, SLOP);
+	memset(sb->buf + sb->len, 0, SLOP);
 }
 
 static unsigned long linelen(const char *buffer, unsigned long size)
@@ -240,39 +320,53 @@ static int name_terminate(const char *name, int namelen, int c, int terminate)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/* remove double slashes to make --index work with such filenames */
+static char *squash_slash(char *name)
+{
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+	while (name[i]) {
+		if ((name[j++] = name[i++]) == '/')
+			while (name[i] == '/')
+				i++;
+	}
+	name[j] = '\0';
+	return name;
+}
+
 static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 {
 	int len;
 	const char *start = line;
-	char *name;
 
 	if (*line == '"') {
-		/* Proposed "new-style" GNU patch/diff format; see
+		struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		/*
+		 * Proposed "new-style" GNU patch/diff format; see
 		 * http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=112927316408690&w=2
 		 */
-		name = unquote_c_style(line, NULL);
-		if (name) {
-			char *cp = name;
-			while (p_value) {
-				cp = strchr(name, '/');
+		if (!unquote_c_style(&name, line, NULL)) {
+			char *cp;
+
+			for (cp = name.buf; p_value; p_value--) {
+				cp = strchr(cp, '/');
 				if (!cp)
 					break;
 				cp++;
-				p_value--;
 			}
 			if (cp) {
 				/* name can later be freed, so we need
 				 * to memmove, not just return cp
 				 */
-				memmove(name, cp, strlen(cp) + 1);
+				strbuf_remove(&name, 0, cp - name.buf);
 				free(def);
-				return name;
-			}
-			else {
-				free(name);
-				name = NULL;
+				if (root)
+					strbuf_insert(&name, 0, root, root_len);
+				return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
 			}
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&name);
 	}
 
 	for (;;) {
@@ -289,10 +383,10 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 			start = line;
 	}
 	if (!start)
-		return def;
+		return squash_slash(def);
 	len = line - start;
 	if (!len)
-		return def;
+		return squash_slash(def);
 
 	/*
 	 * Generally we prefer the shorter name, especially
@@ -303,14 +397,19 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 	if (def) {
 		int deflen = strlen(def);
 		if (deflen < len && !strncmp(start, def, deflen))
-			return def;
+			return squash_slash(def);
+		free(def);
 	}
 
-	name = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(name, start, len);
-	name[len] = 0;
-	free(def);
-	return name;
+	if (root) {
+		char *ret = xmalloc(root_len + len + 1);
+		strcpy(ret, root);
+		memcpy(ret + root_len, start, len);
+		ret[root_len + len] = '\0';
+		return squash_slash(ret);
+	}
+
+	return squash_slash(xmemdupz(start, len));
 }
 
 static int count_slashes(const char *cp)
@@ -359,7 +458,7 @@ static int guess_p_value(const char *nameline)
 }
 
 /*
- * Get the name etc info from the --/+++ lines of a traditional patch header
+ * Get the name etc info from the ---/+++ lines of a traditional patch header
  *
  * FIXME! The end-of-filename heuristics are kind of screwy. For existing
  * files, we can happily check the index for a match, but for creating a
@@ -426,17 +525,17 @@ static char *gitdiff_verify_name(const char *line, int isnull, char *orig_name,
 		name = orig_name;
 		len = strlen(name);
 		if (isnull)
-			die("git-apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d", name, linenr);
+			die("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d", name, linenr);
 		another = find_name(line, NULL, p_value, TERM_TAB);
 		if (!another || memcmp(another, name, len))
-			die("git-apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent %s filename on line %d", oldnew, linenr);
+			die("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent %s filename on line %d", oldnew, linenr);
 		free(another);
 		return orig_name;
 	}
 	else {
 		/* expect "/dev/null" */
 		if (memcmp("/dev/null", line, 9) || line[9] != '\n')
-			die("git-apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d", linenr);
+			die("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d", linenr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 }
@@ -523,7 +622,8 @@ static int gitdiff_dissimilarity(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 
 static int gitdiff_index(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	/* index line is N hexadecimal, "..", N hexadecimal,
+	/*
+	 * index line is N hexadecimal, "..", N hexadecimal,
 	 * and optional space with octal mode.
 	 */
 	const char *ptr, *eol;
@@ -549,7 +649,7 @@ static int gitdiff_index(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 	memcpy(patch->new_sha1_prefix, line, len);
 	patch->new_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
 	if (*ptr == ' ')
-		patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode = strtoul(ptr+1, NULL, 8);
+		patch->old_mode = strtoul(ptr+1, NULL, 8);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -574,7 +674,8 @@ static const char *stop_at_slash(const char *line, int llen)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-/* This is to extract the same name that appears on "diff --git"
+/*
+ * This is to extract the same name that appears on "diff --git"
  * line.  We do not find and return anything if it is a rename
  * patch, and it is OK because we will find the name elsewhere.
  * We need to reliably find name only when it is mode-change only,
@@ -583,100 +684,101 @@ static const char *stop_at_slash(const char *line, int llen)
  */
 static char *git_header_name(char *line, int llen)
 {
-	int len;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *second = NULL;
+	size_t len;
 
 	line += strlen("diff --git ");
 	llen -= strlen("diff --git ");
 
 	if (*line == '"') {
 		const char *cp;
-		char *first = unquote_c_style(line, &second);
-		if (!first)
-			return NULL;
+		struct strbuf first = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (unquote_c_style(&first, line, &second))
+			goto free_and_fail1;
 
 		/* advance to the first slash */
-		cp = stop_at_slash(first, strlen(first));
-		if (!cp || cp == first) {
-			/* we do not accept absolute paths */
-		free_first_and_fail:
-			free(first);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		len = strlen(cp+1);
-		memmove(first, cp+1, len+1); /* including NUL */
+		cp = stop_at_slash(first.buf, first.len);
+		/* we do not accept absolute paths */
+		if (!cp || cp == first.buf)
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		strbuf_remove(&first, 0, cp + 1 - first.buf);
 
-		/* second points at one past closing dq of name.
+		/*
+		 * second points at one past closing dq of name.
 		 * find the second name.
 		 */
 		while ((second < line + llen) && isspace(*second))
 			second++;
 
 		if (line + llen <= second)
-			goto free_first_and_fail;
+			goto free_and_fail1;
 		if (*second == '"') {
-			char *sp = unquote_c_style(second, NULL);
-			if (!sp)
-				goto free_first_and_fail;
-			cp = stop_at_slash(sp, strlen(sp));
-			if (!cp || cp == sp) {
-			free_both_and_fail:
-				free(sp);
-				goto free_first_and_fail;
-			}
+			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
+				goto free_and_fail1;
+			cp = stop_at_slash(sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!cp || cp == sp.buf)
+				goto free_and_fail1;
 			/* They must match, otherwise ignore */
-			if (strcmp(cp+1, first))
-				goto free_both_and_fail;
-			free(sp);
-			return first;
+			if (strcmp(cp + 1, first.buf))
+				goto free_and_fail1;
+			strbuf_release(&sp);
+			return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
 		}
 
 		/* unquoted second */
 		cp = stop_at_slash(second, line + llen - second);
 		if (!cp || cp == second)
-			goto free_first_and_fail;
+			goto free_and_fail1;
 		cp++;
-		if (line + llen - cp != len + 1 ||
-		    memcmp(first, cp, len))
-			goto free_first_and_fail;
-		return first;
+		if (line + llen - cp != first.len + 1 ||
+		    memcmp(first.buf, cp, first.len))
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
+
+	free_and_fail1:
+		strbuf_release(&first);
+		strbuf_release(&sp);
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* unquoted first name */
 	name = stop_at_slash(line, llen);
 	if (!name || name == line)
 		return NULL;
-
 	name++;
 
-	/* since the first name is unquoted, a dq if exists must be
+	/*
+	 * since the first name is unquoted, a dq if exists must be
 	 * the beginning of the second name.
 	 */
 	for (second = name; second < line + llen; second++) {
 		if (*second == '"') {
-			const char *cp = second;
+			struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
 			const char *np;
-			char *sp = unquote_c_style(second, NULL);
-
-			if (!sp)
-				return NULL;
-			np = stop_at_slash(sp, strlen(sp));
-			if (!np || np == sp) {
-			free_second_and_fail:
-				free(sp);
-				return NULL;
-			}
+
+			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
+				goto free_and_fail2;
+
+			np = stop_at_slash(sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!np || np == sp.buf)
+				goto free_and_fail2;
 			np++;
-			len = strlen(np);
-			if (len < cp - name &&
+
+			len = sp.buf + sp.len - np;
+			if (len < second - name &&
 			    !strncmp(np, name, len) &&
 			    isspace(name[len])) {
 				/* Good */
-				memmove(sp, np, len + 1);
-				return sp;
+				strbuf_remove(&sp, 0, np - sp.buf);
+				return strbuf_detach(&sp, NULL);
 			}
-			goto free_second_and_fail;
+
+		free_and_fail2:
+			strbuf_release(&sp);
+			return NULL;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -700,14 +802,10 @@ static char *git_header_name(char *line, int llen)
 					break;
 			}
 			if (second[len] == '\n' && !memcmp(name, second, len)) {
-				char *ret = xmalloc(len + 1);
-				memcpy(ret, name, len);
-				ret[len] = 0;
-				return ret;
+				return xmemdupz(name, len);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return NULL;
 }
 
 /* Verify that we recognize the lines following a git header */
@@ -726,6 +824,13 @@ static int parse_git_header(char *line, int len, unsigned int size, struct patch
 	 * the default name from the header.
 	 */
 	patch->def_name = git_header_name(line, len);
+	if (patch->def_name && root) {
+		char *s = xmalloc(root_len + strlen(patch->def_name) + 1);
+		strcpy(s, root);
+		strcpy(s + root_len, patch->def_name);
+		free(patch->def_name);
+		patch->def_name = s;
+	}
 
 	line += len;
 	size -= len;
@@ -783,7 +888,7 @@ static int parse_num(const char *line, unsigned long *p)
 }
 
 static int parse_range(const char *line, int len, int offset, const char *expect,
-			unsigned long *p1, unsigned long *p2)
+		       unsigned long *p1, unsigned long *p2)
 {
 	int digits, ex;
 
@@ -820,6 +925,56 @@ static int parse_range(const char *line, int len, int offset, const char *expect
 	return offset + ex;
 }
 
+static void recount_diff(char *line, int size, struct fragment *fragment)
+{
+	int oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, ret = 0;
+
+	if (size < 1) {
+		warning("recount: ignore empty hunk");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int len = linelen(line, size);
+		size -= len;
+		line += len;
+
+		if (size < 1)
+			break;
+
+		switch (*line) {
+		case ' ': case '\n':
+			newlines++;
+			/* fall through */
+		case '-':
+			oldlines++;
+			continue;
+		case '+':
+			newlines++;
+			continue;
+		case '\\':
+			continue;
+		case '@':
+			ret = size < 3 || prefixcmp(line, "@@ ");
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			ret = size < 5 || prefixcmp(line, "diff ");
+			break;
+		default:
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (ret) {
+			warning("recount: unexpected line: %.*s",
+				(int)linelen(line, size), line);
+			return;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	fragment->oldlines = oldlines;
+	fragment->newlines = newlines;
+}
+
 /*
  * Parse a unified diff fragment header of the
  * form "@@ -a,b +c,d @@"
@@ -892,14 +1047,14 @@ static int find_header(char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patc
 			return offset;
 		}
 
-		/** --- followed by +++ ? */
+		/* --- followed by +++ ? */
 		if (memcmp("--- ", line,  4) || memcmp("+++ ", line + len, 4))
 			continue;
 
 		/*
 		 * We only accept unified patches, so we want it to
 		 * at least have "@@ -a,b +c,d @@\n", which is 14 chars
-		 * minimum
+		 * minimum ("@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n" is the shortest).
 		 */
 		nextlen = linelen(line + len, size - len);
 		if (size < nextlen + 14 || memcmp("@@ -", line + len + nextlen, 4))
@@ -914,56 +1069,33 @@ static int find_header(char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patc
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void check_whitespace(const char *line, int len)
+static void check_whitespace(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
 {
-	const char *err = "Adds trailing whitespace";
-	int seen_space = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	/*
-	 * We know len is at least two, since we have a '+' and we
-	 * checked that the last character was a '\n' before calling
-	 * this function.  That is, an addition of an empty line would
-	 * check the '+' here.  Sneaky...
-	 */
-	if (isspace(line[len-2]))
-		goto error;
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure that there is no space followed by a tab in
-	 * indentation.
-	 */
-	err = "Space in indent is followed by a tab";
-	for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-		if (line[i] == '\t') {
-			if (seen_space)
-				goto error;
-		}
-		else if (line[i] == ' ')
-			seen_space = 1;
-		else
-			break;
-	}
-	return;
+	char *err;
+	unsigned result = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, ws_rule);
+	if (!result)
+		return;
 
- error:
 	whitespace_error++;
 	if (squelch_whitespace_errors &&
 	    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error)
 		;
-	else
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s.\n%s:%d:%.*s\n",
-			err, patch_input_file, linenr, len-2, line+1);
+	else {
+		err = whitespace_error_string(result);
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s.\n%.*s\n",
+			patch_input_file, linenr, err, len - 2, line + 1);
+		free(err);
+	}
 }
 
-
 /*
  * Parse a unified diff. Note that this really needs to parse each
  * fragment separately, since the only way to know the difference
  * between a "---" that is part of a patch, and a "---" that starts
  * the next patch is to look at the line counts..
  */
-static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch, struct fragment *fragment)
+static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size,
+			  struct patch *patch, struct fragment *fragment)
 {
 	int added, deleted;
 	int len = linelen(line, size), offset;
@@ -973,6 +1105,8 @@ static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch, s
 	offset = parse_fragment_header(line, len, fragment);
 	if (offset < 0)
 		return -1;
+	if (offset > 0 && patch->recount)
+		recount_diff(line + offset, size - offset, fragment);
 	oldlines = fragment->oldlines;
 	newlines = fragment->newlines;
 	leading = 0;
@@ -1003,19 +1137,24 @@ static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch, s
 			trailing++;
 			break;
 		case '-':
+			if (apply_in_reverse &&
+			    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
+				check_whitespace(line, len, patch->ws_rule);
 			deleted++;
 			oldlines--;
 			trailing = 0;
 			break;
 		case '+':
-			if (new_whitespace != nowarn_whitespace)
-				check_whitespace(line, len);
+			if (!apply_in_reverse &&
+			    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
+				check_whitespace(line, len, patch->ws_rule);
 			added++;
 			newlines--;
 			trailing = 0;
 			break;
 
-                /* We allow "\ No newline at end of file". Depending
+		/*
+		 * We allow "\ No newline at end of file". Depending
                  * on locale settings when the patch was produced we
                  * don't know what this line looks like. The only
                  * thing we do know is that it begins with "\ ".
@@ -1033,7 +1172,8 @@ static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch, s
 	fragment->leading = leading;
 	fragment->trailing = trailing;
 
-	/* If a fragment ends with an incomplete line, we failed to include
+	/*
+	 * If a fragment ends with an incomplete line, we failed to include
 	 * it in the above loop because we hit oldlines == newlines == 0
 	 * before seeing it.
 	 */
@@ -1097,21 +1237,6 @@ static int parse_single_patch(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patc
 	if (patch->is_delete < 0 &&
 	    (newlines || (patch->fragments && patch->fragments->next)))
 		patch->is_delete = 0;
-	if (!unidiff_zero || context) {
-		/* If the user says the patch is not generated with
-		 * --unified=0, or if we have seen context lines,
-		 * then not having oldlines means the patch is creation,
-		 * and not having newlines means the patch is deletion.
-		 */
-		if (patch->is_new < 0 && !oldlines) {
-			patch->is_new = 1;
-			patch->old_name = NULL;
-		}
-		if (patch->is_delete < 0 && !newlines) {
-			patch->is_delete = 1;
-			patch->new_name = NULL;
-		}
-	}
 
 	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
 		die("new file %s depends on old contents", patch->new_name);
@@ -1147,8 +1272,9 @@ static char *inflate_it(const void *data, unsigned long size,
 	stream.avail_in = size;
 	stream.next_out = out = xmalloc(inflated_size);
 	stream.avail_out = inflated_size;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-	st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != inflated_size) {
 		free(out);
 		return NULL;
@@ -1161,7 +1287,8 @@ static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(char **buf_p,
 					  int *status_p,
 					  int *used_p)
 {
-	/* Expect a line that begins with binary patch method ("literal"
+	/*
+	 * Expect a line that begins with binary patch method ("literal"
 	 * or "delta"), followed by the length of data before deflating.
 	 * a sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
 	 * should follow, terminated by a newline.
@@ -1210,7 +1337,8 @@ static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(char **buf_p,
 			size--;
 			break;
 		}
-		/* Minimum line is "A00000\n" which is 7-byte long,
+		/*
+		 * Minimum line is "A00000\n" which is 7-byte long,
 		 * and the line length must be multiple of 5 plus 2.
 		 */
 		if ((llen < 7) || (llen-2) % 5)
@@ -1261,7 +1389,8 @@ static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(char **buf_p,
 
 static int parse_binary(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	/* We have read "GIT binary patch\n"; what follows is a line
+	/*
+	 * We have read "GIT binary patch\n"; what follows is a line
 	 * that says the patch method (currently, either "literal" or
 	 * "delta") and the length of data before deflating; a
 	 * sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
@@ -1291,7 +1420,8 @@ static int parse_binary(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 	if (reverse)
 		used += used_1;
 	else if (status) {
-		/* not having reverse hunk is not an error, but having
+		/*
+		 * Not having reverse hunk is not an error, but having
 		 * a corrupt reverse hunk is.
 		 */
 		free((void*) forward->patch);
@@ -1312,7 +1442,12 @@ static int parse_chunk(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 	if (offset < 0)
 		return offset;
 
-	patchsize = parse_single_patch(buffer + offset + hdrsize, size - offset - hdrsize, patch);
+	patch->ws_rule = whitespace_rule(patch->new_name
+					 ? patch->new_name
+					 : patch->old_name);
+
+	patchsize = parse_single_patch(buffer + offset + hdrsize,
+				       size - offset - hdrsize, patch);
 
 	if (!patchsize) {
 		static const char *binhdr[] = {
@@ -1388,296 +1523,408 @@ static void reverse_patches(struct patch *p)
 	}
 }
 
-static const char pluses[] = "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++";
-static const char minuses[]= "----------------------------------------------------------------------";
+static const char pluses[] =
+"++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++";
+static const char minuses[]=
+"----------------------------------------------------------------------";
 
 static void show_stats(struct patch *patch)
 {
-	const char *prefix = "";
-	char *name = patch->new_name;
-	char *qname = NULL;
-	int len, max, add, del, total;
-
-	if (!name)
-		name = patch->old_name;
+	struct strbuf qname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *cp = patch->new_name ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name;
+	int max, add, del;
 
-	if (0 < (len = quote_c_style(name, NULL, NULL, 0))) {
-		qname = xmalloc(len + 1);
-		quote_c_style(name, qname, NULL, 0);
-		name = qname;
-	}
+	quote_c_style(cp, &qname, NULL, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * "scale" the filename
 	 */
-	len = strlen(name);
 	max = max_len;
 	if (max > 50)
 		max = 50;
-	if (len > max) {
-		char *slash;
-		prefix = "...";
-		max -= 3;
-		name += len - max;
-		slash = strchr(name, '/');
-		if (slash)
-			name = slash;
+
+	if (qname.len > max) {
+		cp = strchr(qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max, '/');
+		if (!cp)
+			cp = qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max;
+		strbuf_splice(&qname, 0, cp - qname.buf, "...", 3);
+	}
+
+	if (patch->is_binary) {
+		printf(" %-*s |  Bin\n", max, qname.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&qname);
+		return;
 	}
-	len = max;
+
+	printf(" %-*s |", max, qname.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&qname);
 
 	/*
 	 * scale the add/delete
 	 */
-	max = max_change;
-	if (max + len > 70)
-		max = 70 - len;
-
+	max = max + max_change > 70 ? 70 - max : max_change;
 	add = patch->lines_added;
 	del = patch->lines_deleted;
-	total = add + del;
 
 	if (max_change > 0) {
-		total = (total * max + max_change / 2) / max_change;
+		int total = ((add + del) * max + max_change / 2) / max_change;
 		add = (add * max + max_change / 2) / max_change;
 		del = total - add;
 	}
-	if (patch->is_binary)
-		printf(" %s%-*s |  Bin\n", prefix, len, name);
-	else
-		printf(" %s%-*s |%5d %.*s%.*s\n", prefix,
-		       len, name, patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted,
-		       add, pluses, del, minuses);
-	free(qname);
+	printf("%5d %.*s%.*s\n", patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted,
+		add, pluses, del, minuses);
 }
 
-static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, const char *path, char **buf_p, unsigned long *alloc_p, unsigned long *size_p)
+static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, const char *path, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	int fd;
-	unsigned long got;
-	unsigned long nsize;
-	char *nbuf;
-	unsigned long size = *size_p;
-	char *buf = *buf_p;
-
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFLNK:
-		return readlink(path, buf, size) != size;
+		if (strbuf_readlink(buf, path, st->st_size) < 0)
+			return error("unable to read symlink %s", path);
+		return 0;
 	case S_IFREG:
-		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-		if (fd < 0)
-			return error("unable to open %s", path);
-		got = 0;
-		for (;;) {
-			int ret = xread(fd, buf + got, size - got);
-			if (ret <= 0)
-				break;
-			got += ret;
-		}
-		close(fd);
-		nsize = got;
-		nbuf = buf;
-		if (convert_to_git(path, &nbuf, &nsize)) {
-			free(buf);
-			*buf_p = nbuf;
-			*alloc_p = nsize;
-			*size_p = nsize;
-		}
-		return got != size;
+		if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
+			return error("unable to open or read %s", path);
+		convert_to_git(path, buf->buf, buf->len, buf, 0);
+		return 0;
 	default:
 		return -1;
 	}
 }
 
-static int find_offset(const char *buf, unsigned long size, const char *fragment, unsigned long fragsize, int line, int *lines)
+static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
+				   struct image *postimage,
+				   char *buf,
+				   size_t len)
 {
-	int i;
-	unsigned long start, backwards, forwards;
+	int i, ctx;
+	char *new, *old, *fixed;
+	struct image fixed_preimage;
 
-	if (fragsize > size)
-		return -1;
+	/*
+	 * Update the preimage with whitespace fixes.  Note that we
+	 * are not losing preimage->buf -- apply_one_fragment() will
+	 * free "oldlines".
+	 */
+	prepare_image(&fixed_preimage, buf, len, 1);
+	assert(fixed_preimage.nr == preimage->nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+		fixed_preimage.line[i].flag = preimage->line[i].flag;
+	free(preimage->line_allocated);
+	*preimage = fixed_preimage;
 
-	start = 0;
-	if (line > 1) {
-		unsigned long offset = 0;
-		i = line-1;
-		while (offset + fragsize <= size) {
-			if (buf[offset++] == '\n') {
-				start = offset;
-				if (!--i)
-					break;
-			}
+	/*
+	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage, in place.
+	 * This is possible because whitespace fixing does not make
+	 * the string grow.
+	 */
+	new = old = postimage->buf;
+	fixed = preimage->buf;
+	for (i = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
+		size_t len = postimage->line[i].len;
+		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
+			/* an added line -- no counterparts in preimage */
+			memmove(new, old, len);
+			old += len;
+			new += len;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* a common context -- skip it in the original postimage */
+		old += len;
+
+		/* and find the corresponding one in the fixed preimage */
+		while (ctx < preimage->nr &&
+		       !(preimage->line[ctx].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
+			fixed += preimage->line[ctx].len;
+			ctx++;
 		}
+		if (preimage->nr <= ctx)
+			die("oops");
+
+		/* and copy it in, while fixing the line length */
+		len = preimage->line[ctx].len;
+		memcpy(new, fixed, len);
+		new += len;
+		fixed += len;
+		postimage->line[i].len = len;
+		ctx++;
+	}
+
+	/* Fix the length of the whole thing */
+	postimage->len = new - postimage->buf;
+}
+
+static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
+			  struct image *preimage,
+			  struct image *postimage,
+			  unsigned long try,
+			  int try_lno,
+			  unsigned ws_rule,
+			  int match_beginning, int match_end)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *fixed_buf, *buf, *orig, *target;
+
+	if (preimage->nr + try_lno > img->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (match_beginning && try_lno)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (match_end && preimage->nr + try_lno != img->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Quick hash check */
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+		if (preimage->line[i].hash != img->line[try_lno + i].hash)
+			return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do we have an exact match?  If we were told to match
+	 * at the end, size must be exactly at try+fragsize,
+	 * otherwise try+fragsize must be still within the preimage,
+	 * and either case, the old piece should match the preimage
+	 * exactly.
+	 */
+	if ((match_end
+	     ? (try + preimage->len == img->len)
+	     : (try + preimage->len <= img->len)) &&
+	    !memcmp(img->buf + try, preimage->buf, preimage->len))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (ws_error_action != correct_ws_error)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The hunk does not apply byte-by-byte, but the hash says
+	 * it might with whitespace fuzz.
+	 */
+	fixed_buf = xmalloc(preimage->len + 1);
+	buf = fixed_buf;
+	orig = preimage->buf;
+	target = img->buf + try;
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++) {
+		size_t fixlen; /* length after fixing the preimage */
+		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
+		size_t tgtlen = img->line[try_lno + i].len;
+		size_t tgtfixlen; /* length after fixing the target line */
+		char tgtfixbuf[1024], *tgtfix;
+		int match;
+
+		/* Try fixing the line in the preimage */
+		fixlen = ws_fix_copy(buf, orig, oldlen, ws_rule, NULL);
+
+		/* Try fixing the line in the target */
+		if (sizeof(tgtfixbuf) > tgtlen)
+			tgtfix = tgtfixbuf;
+		else
+			tgtfix = xmalloc(tgtlen);
+		tgtfixlen = ws_fix_copy(tgtfix, target, tgtlen, ws_rule, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * If they match, either the preimage was based on
+		 * a version before our tree fixed whitespace breakage,
+		 * or we are lacking a whitespace-fix patch the tree
+		 * the preimage was based on already had (i.e. target
+		 * has whitespace breakage, the preimage doesn't).
+		 * In either case, we are fixing the whitespace breakages
+		 * so we might as well take the fix together with their
+		 * real change.
+		 */
+		match = (tgtfixlen == fixlen && !memcmp(tgtfix, buf, fixlen));
+
+		if (tgtfix != tgtfixbuf)
+			free(tgtfix);
+		if (!match)
+			goto unmatch_exit;
+
+		orig += oldlen;
+		buf += fixlen;
+		target += tgtlen;
 	}
 
-	/* Exact line number? */
-	if (!memcmp(buf + start, fragment, fragsize))
-		return start;
+	/*
+	 * Yes, the preimage is based on an older version that still
+	 * has whitespace breakages unfixed, and fixing them makes the
+	 * hunk match.  Update the context lines in the postimage.
+	 */
+	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
+			       fixed_buf, buf - fixed_buf);
+	return 1;
+
+ unmatch_exit:
+	free(fixed_buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int find_pos(struct image *img,
+		    struct image *preimage,
+		    struct image *postimage,
+		    int line,
+		    unsigned ws_rule,
+		    int match_beginning, int match_end)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long backwards, forwards, try;
+	int backwards_lno, forwards_lno, try_lno;
+
+	if (preimage->nr > img->nr)
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If match_begining or match_end is specified, there is no
+	 * point starting from a wrong line that will never match and
+	 * wander around and wait for a match at the specified end.
+	 */
+	if (match_beginning)
+		line = 0;
+	else if (match_end)
+		line = img->nr - preimage->nr;
+
+	if (line > img->nr)
+		line = img->nr;
+
+	try = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < line; i++)
+		try += img->line[i].len;
 
 	/*
 	 * There's probably some smart way to do this, but I'll leave
 	 * that to the smart and beautiful people. I'm simple and stupid.
 	 */
-	backwards = start;
-	forwards = start;
+	backwards = try;
+	backwards_lno = line;
+	forwards = try;
+	forwards_lno = line;
+	try_lno = line;
+
 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
-		unsigned long try;
-		int n;
+		if (match_fragment(img, preimage, postimage,
+				   try, try_lno, ws_rule,
+				   match_beginning, match_end))
+			return try_lno;
+
+	again:
+		if (backwards_lno == 0 && forwards_lno == img->nr)
+			break;
 
-		/* "backward" */
 		if (i & 1) {
-			if (!backwards) {
-				if (forwards + fragsize > size)
-					break;
-				continue;
+			if (backwards_lno == 0) {
+				i++;
+				goto again;
 			}
-			do {
-				--backwards;
-			} while (backwards && buf[backwards-1] != '\n');
+			backwards_lno--;
+			backwards -= img->line[backwards_lno].len;
 			try = backwards;
+			try_lno = backwards_lno;
 		} else {
-			while (forwards + fragsize <= size) {
-				if (buf[forwards++] == '\n')
-					break;
+			if (forwards_lno == img->nr) {
+				i++;
+				goto again;
 			}
+			forwards += img->line[forwards_lno].len;
+			forwards_lno++;
 			try = forwards;
+			try_lno = forwards_lno;
 		}
 
-		if (try + fragsize > size)
-			continue;
-		if (memcmp(buf + try, fragment, fragsize))
-			continue;
-		n = (i >> 1)+1;
-		if (i & 1)
-			n = -n;
-		*lines = n;
-		return try;
 	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We should start searching forward and backward.
-	 */
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void remove_first_line(const char **rbuf, int *rsize)
+static void remove_first_line(struct image *img)
 {
-	const char *buf = *rbuf;
-	int size = *rsize;
-	unsigned long offset;
-	offset = 0;
-	while (offset <= size) {
-		if (buf[offset++] == '\n')
-			break;
-	}
-	*rsize = size - offset;
-	*rbuf = buf + offset;
+	img->buf += img->line[0].len;
+	img->len -= img->line[0].len;
+	img->line++;
+	img->nr--;
 }
 
-static void remove_last_line(const char **rbuf, int *rsize)
+static void remove_last_line(struct image *img)
 {
-	const char *buf = *rbuf;
-	int size = *rsize;
-	unsigned long offset;
-	offset = size - 1;
-	while (offset > 0) {
-		if (buf[--offset] == '\n')
-			break;
-	}
-	*rsize = offset + 1;
+	img->len -= img->line[--img->nr].len;
 }
 
-struct buffer_desc {
-	char *buffer;
-	unsigned long size;
-	unsigned long alloc;
-};
-
-static int apply_line(char *output, const char *patch, int plen)
+static void update_image(struct image *img,
+			 int applied_pos,
+			 struct image *preimage,
+			 struct image *postimage)
 {
-	/* plen is number of bytes to be copied from patch,
-	 * starting at patch+1 (patch[0] is '+').  Typically
-	 * patch[plen] is '\n', unless this is the incomplete
-	 * last line.
+	/*
+	 * remove the copy of preimage at offset in img
+	 * and replace it with postimage
 	 */
-	int i;
-	int add_nl_to_tail = 0;
-	int fixed = 0;
-	int last_tab_in_indent = -1;
-	int last_space_in_indent = -1;
-	int need_fix_leading_space = 0;
-	char *buf;
-
-	if ((new_whitespace != strip_whitespace) || !whitespace_error ||
-	    *patch != '+') {
-		memcpy(output, patch + 1, plen);
-		return plen;
-	}
-
-	if (1 < plen && isspace(patch[plen-1])) {
-		if (patch[plen] == '\n')
-			add_nl_to_tail = 1;
-		plen--;
-		while (0 < plen && isspace(patch[plen]))
-			plen--;
-		fixed = 1;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 1; i < plen; i++) {
-		char ch = patch[i];
-		if (ch == '\t') {
-			last_tab_in_indent = i;
-			if (0 <= last_space_in_indent)
-				need_fix_leading_space = 1;
-		}
-		else if (ch == ' ')
-			last_space_in_indent = i;
-		else
-			break;
-	}
+	int i, nr;
+	size_t remove_count, insert_count, applied_at = 0;
+	char *result;
 
-	buf = output;
-	if (need_fix_leading_space) {
-		/* between patch[1..last_tab_in_indent] strip the
-		 * funny spaces, updating them to tab as needed.
+	for (i = 0; i < applied_pos; i++)
+		applied_at += img->line[i].len;
+
+	remove_count = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+		remove_count += img->line[applied_pos + i].len;
+	insert_count = postimage->len;
+
+	/* Adjust the contents */
+	result = xmalloc(img->len + insert_count - remove_count + 1);
+	memcpy(result, img->buf, applied_at);
+	memcpy(result + applied_at, postimage->buf, postimage->len);
+	memcpy(result + applied_at + postimage->len,
+	       img->buf + (applied_at + remove_count),
+	       img->len - (applied_at + remove_count));
+	free(img->buf);
+	img->buf = result;
+	img->len += insert_count - remove_count;
+	result[img->len] = '\0';
+
+	/* Adjust the line table */
+	nr = img->nr + postimage->nr - preimage->nr;
+	if (preimage->nr < postimage->nr) {
+		/*
+		 * NOTE: this knows that we never call remove_first_line()
+		 * on anything other than pre/post image.
 		 */
-		for (i = 1; i < last_tab_in_indent; i++, plen--) {
-			char ch = patch[i];
-			if (ch != ' ')
-				*output++ = ch;
-			else if ((i % 8) == 0)
-				*output++ = '\t';
-		}
-		fixed = 1;
-		i = last_tab_in_indent;
+		img->line = xrealloc(img->line, nr * sizeof(*img->line));
+		img->line_allocated = img->line;
 	}
-	else
-		i = 1;
-
-	memcpy(output, patch + i, plen);
-	if (add_nl_to_tail)
-		output[plen++] = '\n';
-	if (fixed)
-		applied_after_stripping++;
-	return output + plen - buf;
+	if (preimage->nr != postimage->nr)
+		memmove(img->line + applied_pos + postimage->nr,
+			img->line + applied_pos + preimage->nr,
+			(img->nr - (applied_pos + preimage->nr)) *
+			sizeof(*img->line));
+	memcpy(img->line + applied_pos,
+	       postimage->line,
+	       postimage->nr * sizeof(*img->line));
+	img->nr = nr;
 }
 
-static int apply_one_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct fragment *frag, int inaccurate_eof)
+static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
+			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule)
 {
 	int match_beginning, match_end;
-	char *buf = desc->buffer;
 	const char *patch = frag->patch;
-	int offset, size = frag->size;
-	char *old = xmalloc(size);
-	char *new = xmalloc(size);
-	const char *oldlines, *newlines;
-	int oldsize = 0, newsize = 0;
+	int size = frag->size;
+	char *old, *new, *oldlines, *newlines;
+	int new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
 	unsigned long leading, trailing;
-	int pos, lines;
+	int pos, applied_pos;
+	struct image preimage;
+	struct image postimage;
 
+	memset(&preimage, 0, sizeof(preimage));
+	memset(&postimage, 0, sizeof(postimage));
+	oldlines = xmalloc(size);
+	newlines = xmalloc(size);
+
+	old = oldlines;
+	new = newlines;
 	while (size > 0) {
 		char first;
 		int len = linelen(patch, size);
-		int plen;
+		int plen, added;
+		int added_blank_line = 0;
 
 		if (!len)
 			break;
@@ -1689,7 +1936,7 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct fragment *frag, i
 		 * followed by "\ No newline", then we also remove the
 		 * last one (which is the newline, of course).
 		 */
-		plen = len-1;
+		plen = len - 1;
 		if (len < size && patch[len] == '\\')
 			plen--;
 		first = *patch;
@@ -1699,26 +1946,47 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct fragment *frag, i
 			else if (first == '+')
 				first = '-';
 		}
+
 		switch (first) {
 		case '\n':
 			/* Newer GNU diff, empty context line */
 			if (plen < 0)
 				/* ... followed by '\No newline'; nothing */
 				break;
-			old[oldsize++] = '\n';
-			new[newsize++] = '\n';
+			*old++ = '\n';
+			*new++ = '\n';
+			add_line_info(&preimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
+			add_line_info(&postimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
 			break;
 		case ' ':
 		case '-':
-			memcpy(old + oldsize, patch + 1, plen);
-			oldsize += plen;
+			memcpy(old, patch + 1, plen);
+			add_line_info(&preimage, old, plen,
+				      (first == ' ' ? LINE_COMMON : 0));
+			old += plen;
 			if (first == '-')
 				break;
 		/* Fall-through for ' ' */
 		case '+':
-			if (first != '+' || !no_add)
-				newsize += apply_line(new + newsize, patch,
-						      plen);
+			/* --no-add does not add new lines */
+			if (first == '+' && no_add)
+				break;
+
+			if (first != '+' ||
+			    !whitespace_error ||
+			    ws_error_action != correct_ws_error) {
+				memcpy(new, patch + 1, plen);
+				added = plen;
+			}
+			else {
+				added = ws_fix_copy(new, patch + 1, plen, ws_rule, &applied_after_fixing_ws);
+			}
+			add_line_info(&postimage, new, added,
+				      (first == '+' ? 0 : LINE_COMMON));
+			new += added;
+			if (first == '+' &&
+			    added == 1 && new[-1] == '\n')
+				added_blank_line = 1;
 			break;
 		case '@': case '\\':
 			/* Ignore it, we already handled it */
@@ -1728,76 +1996,61 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct fragment *frag, i
 				error("invalid start of line: '%c'", first);
 			return -1;
 		}
+		if (added_blank_line)
+			new_blank_lines_at_end++;
+		else
+			new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
 		patch += len;
 		size -= len;
 	}
-
-	if (inaccurate_eof && oldsize > 0 && old[oldsize - 1] == '\n' &&
-			newsize > 0 && new[newsize - 1] == '\n') {
-		oldsize--;
-		newsize--;
+	if (inaccurate_eof &&
+	    old > oldlines && old[-1] == '\n' &&
+	    new > newlines && new[-1] == '\n') {
+		old--;
+		new--;
 	}
 
-	oldlines = old;
-	newlines = new;
 	leading = frag->leading;
 	trailing = frag->trailing;
 
 	/*
-	 * If we don't have any leading/trailing data in the patch,
-	 * we want it to match at the beginning/end of the file.
+	 * A hunk to change lines at the beginning would begin with
+	 * @@ -1,L +N,M @@
+	 * but we need to be careful.  -U0 that inserts before the second
+	 * line also has this pattern.
+	 *
+	 * And a hunk to add to an empty file would begin with
+	 * @@ -0,0 +N,M @@
 	 *
-	 * But that would break if the patch is generated with
-	 * --unified=0; sane people wouldn't do that to cause us
-	 * trouble, but we try to please not so sane ones as well.
+	 * In other words, a hunk that is (frag->oldpos <= 1) with or
+	 * without leading context must match at the beginning.
 	 */
-	if (unidiff_zero) {
-		match_beginning = (!leading && !frag->oldpos);
-		match_end = 0;
-	}
-	else {
-		match_beginning = !leading && (frag->oldpos == 1);
-		match_end = !trailing;
-	}
+	match_beginning = (!frag->oldpos ||
+			   (frag->oldpos == 1 && !unidiff_zero));
+
+	/*
+	 * A hunk without trailing lines must match at the end.
+	 * However, we simply cannot tell if a hunk must match end
+	 * from the lack of trailing lines if the patch was generated
+	 * with unidiff without any context.
+	 */
+	match_end = !unidiff_zero && !trailing;
+
+	pos = frag->newpos ? (frag->newpos - 1) : 0;
+	preimage.buf = oldlines;
+	preimage.len = old - oldlines;
+	postimage.buf = newlines;
+	postimage.len = new - newlines;
+	preimage.line = preimage.line_allocated;
+	postimage.line = postimage.line_allocated;
 
-	lines = 0;
-	pos = frag->newpos;
 	for (;;) {
-		offset = find_offset(buf, desc->size,
-				     oldlines, oldsize, pos, &lines);
-		if (match_end && offset + oldsize != desc->size)
-			offset = -1;
-		if (match_beginning && offset)
-			offset = -1;
-		if (offset >= 0) {
-			int diff = newsize - oldsize;
-			unsigned long size = desc->size + diff;
-			unsigned long alloc = desc->alloc;
-
-			/* Warn if it was necessary to reduce the number
-			 * of context lines.
-			 */
-			if ((leading != frag->leading) ||
-			    (trailing != frag->trailing))
-				fprintf(stderr, "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
-					" to apply fragment at %d\n",
-					leading, trailing, pos + lines);
-
-			if (size > alloc) {
-				alloc = size + 8192;
-				desc->alloc = alloc;
-				buf = xrealloc(buf, alloc);
-				desc->buffer = buf;
-			}
-			desc->size = size;
-			memmove(buf + offset + newsize,
-				buf + offset + oldsize,
-				size - offset - newsize);
-			memcpy(buf + offset, newlines, newsize);
-			offset = 0;
 
+		applied_pos = find_pos(img, &preimage, &postimage, pos,
+				       ws_rule, match_beginning, match_end);
+
+		if (applied_pos >= 0)
 			break;
-		}
 
 		/* Am I at my context limits? */
 		if ((leading <= p_context) && (trailing <= p_context))
@@ -1806,37 +2059,68 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct fragment *frag, i
 			match_beginning = match_end = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		/* Reduce the number of context lines
-		 * Reduce both leading and trailing if they are equal
-		 * otherwise just reduce the larger context.
+
+		/*
+		 * Reduce the number of context lines; reduce both
+		 * leading and trailing if they are equal otherwise
+		 * just reduce the larger context.
 		 */
 		if (leading >= trailing) {
-			remove_first_line(&oldlines, &oldsize);
-			remove_first_line(&newlines, &newsize);
+			remove_first_line(&preimage);
+			remove_first_line(&postimage);
 			pos--;
 			leading--;
 		}
 		if (trailing > leading) {
-			remove_last_line(&oldlines, &oldsize);
-			remove_last_line(&newlines, &newsize);
+			remove_last_line(&preimage);
+			remove_last_line(&postimage);
 			trailing--;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (offset && apply_verbosely)
-		error("while searching for:\n%.*s", oldsize, oldlines);
+	if (applied_pos >= 0) {
+		if (ws_error_action == correct_ws_error &&
+		    new_blank_lines_at_end &&
+		    postimage.nr + applied_pos == img->nr) {
+			/*
+			 * If the patch application adds blank lines
+			 * at the end, and if the patch applies at the
+			 * end of the image, remove those added blank
+			 * lines.
+			 */
+			while (new_blank_lines_at_end--)
+				remove_last_line(&postimage);
+		}
 
-	free(old);
-	free(new);
-	return offset;
+		/*
+		 * Warn if it was necessary to reduce the number
+		 * of context lines.
+		 */
+		if ((leading != frag->leading) ||
+		    (trailing != frag->trailing))
+			fprintf(stderr, "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
+				" to apply fragment at %d\n",
+				leading, trailing, applied_pos+1);
+		update_image(img, applied_pos, &preimage, &postimage);
+	} else {
+		if (apply_verbosely)
+			error("while searching for:\n%.*s",
+			      (int)(old - oldlines), oldlines);
+	}
+
+	free(oldlines);
+	free(newlines);
+	free(preimage.line_allocated);
+	free(postimage.line_allocated);
+
+	return (applied_pos < 0);
 }
 
-static int apply_binary_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
+static int apply_binary_fragment(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	unsigned long dst_size;
 	struct fragment *fragment = patch->fragments;
-	void *data;
-	void *result;
+	unsigned long len;
+	void *dst;
 
 	/* Binary patch is irreversible without the optional second hunk */
 	if (apply_in_reverse) {
@@ -1847,34 +2131,34 @@ static int apply_binary_fragment(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
 				     ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name);
 		fragment = fragment->next;
 	}
-	data = (void*) fragment->patch;
 	switch (fragment->binary_patch_method) {
 	case BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED:
-		result = patch_delta(desc->buffer, desc->size,
-				     data,
-				     fragment->size,
-				     &dst_size);
-		free(desc->buffer);
-		desc->buffer = result;
-		break;
+		dst = patch_delta(img->buf, img->len, fragment->patch,
+				  fragment->size, &len);
+		if (!dst)
+			return -1;
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->buf = dst;
+		img->len = len;
+		return 0;
 	case BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED:
-		free(desc->buffer);
-		desc->buffer = data;
-		dst_size = fragment->size;
-		break;
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->len = fragment->size;
+		img->buf = xmalloc(img->len+1);
+		memcpy(img->buf, fragment->patch, img->len);
+		img->buf[img->len] = '\0';
+		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!desc->buffer)
-		return -1;
-	desc->size = desc->alloc = dst_size;
-	return 0;
+	return -1;
 }
 
-static int apply_binary(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
+static int apply_binary(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	/* For safety, we require patch index line to contain
+	/*
+	 * For safety, we require patch index line to contain
 	 * full 40-byte textual SHA1 for old and new, at least for now.
 	 */
 	if (strlen(patch->old_sha1_prefix) != 40 ||
@@ -1885,10 +2169,11 @@ static int apply_binary(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
 			     "without full index line", name);
 
 	if (patch->old_name) {
-		/* See if the old one matches what the patch
+		/*
+		 * See if the old one matches what the patch
 		 * applies to.
 		 */
-		hash_sha1_file(desc->buffer, desc->size, blob_type, sha1);
+		hash_sha1_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, sha1);
 		if (strcmp(sha1_to_hex(sha1), patch->old_sha1_prefix))
 			return error("the patch applies to '%s' (%s), "
 				     "which does not match the "
@@ -1897,16 +2182,14 @@ static int apply_binary(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
 	}
 	else {
 		/* Otherwise, the old one must be empty. */
-		if (desc->size)
+		if (img->len)
 			return error("the patch applies to an empty "
 				     "'%s' but it is not empty", name);
 	}
 
 	get_sha1_hex(patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1);
 	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
-		free(desc->buffer);
-		desc->alloc = desc->size = 0;
-		desc->buffer = NULL;
+		clear_image(img);
 		return 0; /* deletion patch */
 	}
 
@@ -1914,43 +2197,48 @@ static int apply_binary(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
 		/* We already have the postimage */
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
+		char *result;
 
-		free(desc->buffer);
-		desc->buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!desc->buffer)
+		result = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		if (!result)
 			return error("the necessary postimage %s for "
 				     "'%s' cannot be read",
 				     patch->new_sha1_prefix, name);
-		desc->alloc = desc->size = size;
-	}
-	else {
-		/* We have verified desc matches the preimage;
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->buf = result;
+		img->len = size;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We have verified buf matches the preimage;
 		 * apply the patch data to it, which is stored
 		 * in the patch->fragments->{patch,size}.
 		 */
-		if (apply_binary_fragment(desc, patch))
+		if (apply_binary_fragment(img, patch))
 			return error("binary patch does not apply to '%s'",
 				     name);
 
 		/* verify that the result matches */
-		hash_sha1_file(desc->buffer, desc->size, blob_type, sha1);
+		hash_sha1_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, sha1);
 		if (strcmp(sha1_to_hex(sha1), patch->new_sha1_prefix))
-			return error("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)", name, patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			return error("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)",
+				name, patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int apply_fragments(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
+static int apply_fragments(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	struct fragment *frag = patch->fragments;
 	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
+	unsigned ws_rule = patch->ws_rule;
+	unsigned inaccurate_eof = patch->inaccurate_eof;
 
 	if (patch->is_binary)
-		return apply_binary(desc, patch);
+		return apply_binary(img, patch);
 
 	while (frag) {
-		if (apply_one_fragment(desc, frag, patch->inaccurate_eof)) {
+		if (apply_one_fragment(img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule)) {
 			error("patch failed: %s:%ld", name, frag->oldpos);
 			if (!apply_with_reject)
 				return -1;
@@ -1961,47 +2249,145 @@ static int apply_fragments(struct buffer_desc *desc, struct patch *patch)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int read_file_or_gitlink(struct cache_entry *ce, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	char *buf;
-	unsigned long size, alloc;
-	struct buffer_desc desc;
+	if (!ce)
+		return 0;
 
-	size = 0;
-	alloc = 0;
-	buf = NULL;
-	if (cached) {
-		if (ce) {
-			enum object_type type;
-			buf = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-			if (!buf)
-				return error("read of %s failed",
-					     patch->old_name);
-			alloc = size;
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+		strbuf_grow(buf, 100);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+	} else {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long sz;
+		char *result;
+
+		result = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &sz);
+		if (!result)
+			return -1;
+		/* XXX read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
+		strbuf_attach(buf, result, sz, sz + 1);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct patch *in_fn_table(const char *name)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	if (name == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	item = string_list_lookup(name, &fn_table);
+	if (item != NULL)
+		return (struct patch *)item->util;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * item->util in the filename table records the status of the path.
+ * Usually it points at a patch (whose result records the contents
+ * of it after applying it), but it could be PATH_WAS_DELETED for a
+ * path that a previously applied patch has already removed.
+ */
+ #define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
+#define PATH_WAS_DELETED ((struct patch *) -1)
+
+static int to_be_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
+}
+
+static int was_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+}
+
+static void add_to_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	/*
+	 * Always add new_name unless patch is a deletion
+	 * This should cover the cases for normal diffs,
+	 * file creations and copies
+	 */
+	if (patch->new_name != NULL) {
+		item = string_list_insert(patch->new_name, &fn_table);
+		item->util = patch;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * store a failure on rename/deletion cases because
+	 * later chunks shouldn't patch old names
+	 */
+	if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
+		item = string_list_insert(patch->old_name, &fn_table);
+		item->util = PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+	}
+}
+
+static void prepare_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * store information about incoming file deletion
+	 */
+	while (patch) {
+		if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
+			struct string_list_item *item;
+			item = string_list_insert(patch->old_name, &fn_table);
+			item->util = PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
 		}
+		patch = patch->next;
 	}
-	else if (patch->old_name) {
-		size = xsize_t(st->st_size);
-		alloc = size + 8192;
-		buf = xmalloc(alloc);
-		if (read_old_data(st, patch->old_name, &buf, &alloc, &size))
+}
+
+static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct image image;
+	size_t len;
+	char *img;
+	struct patch *tpatch;
+
+	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
+	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(patch->old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
+		if (was_deleted(tpatch)) {
+			return error("patch %s has been renamed/deleted",
+				patch->old_name);
+		}
+		/* We have a patched copy in memory use that */
+		strbuf_add(&buf, tpatch->result, tpatch->resultsize);
+	} else if (cached) {
+		if (read_file_or_gitlink(ce, &buf))
 			return error("read of %s failed", patch->old_name);
+	} else if (patch->old_name) {
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
+			if (ce) {
+				read_file_or_gitlink(ce, &buf);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * There is no way to apply subproject
+				 * patch without looking at the index.
+				 */
+				patch->fragments = NULL;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (read_old_data(st, patch->old_name, &buf))
+				return error("read of %s failed", patch->old_name);
+		}
 	}
 
-	desc.size = size;
-	desc.alloc = alloc;
-	desc.buffer = buf;
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(&image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
 
-	if (apply_fragments(&desc, patch) < 0)
+	if (apply_fragments(&image, patch) < 0)
 		return -1; /* note with --reject this succeeds. */
-
-	/* NUL terminate the result */
-	if (desc.alloc <= desc.size)
-		desc.buffer = xrealloc(desc.buffer, desc.size + 1);
-	desc.buffer[desc.size] = 0;
-
-	patch->result = desc.buffer;
-	patch->resultsize = desc.size;
+	patch->result = image.buf;
+	patch->resultsize = image.len;
+	add_to_fn_table(patch);
+	free(image.line_allocated);
 
 	if (0 < patch->is_delete && patch->resultsize)
 		return error("removal patch leaves file contents");
@@ -2009,75 +2395,147 @@ static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
+static int check_to_create_blob(const char *new_name, int ok_if_exists)
+{
+	struct stat nst;
+	if (!lstat(new_name, &nst)) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(nst.st_mode) || ok_if_exists)
+			return 0;
+		/*
+		 * A leading component of new_name might be a symlink
+		 * that is going to be removed with this patch, but
+		 * still pointing at somewhere that has the path.
+		 * In such a case, path "new_name" does not exist as
+		 * far as git is concerned.
+		 */
+		if (has_symlink_leading_path(new_name, strlen(new_name)))
+			return 0;
+
+		return error("%s: already exists in working directory", new_name);
+	}
+	else if ((errno != ENOENT) && (errno != ENOTDIR))
+		return error("%s: %s", new_name, strerror(errno));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_index_match(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ce_match_stat(ce, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
+}
+
+static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
+	struct patch *tpatch = NULL;
+	int stat_ret = 0;
+	unsigned st_mode = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that we do not have local modifications from the
+	 * index when we are looking at the index.  Also make sure
+	 * we have the preimage file to be patched in the work tree,
+	 * unless --cached, which tells git to apply only in the index.
+	 */
+	if (!old_name)
+		return 0;
+
+	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
+
+	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
+	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
+		if (was_deleted(tpatch))
+			return error("%s: has been deleted/renamed", old_name);
+		st_mode = tpatch->new_mode;
+	} else if (!cached) {
+		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
+		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
+			return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	if (to_be_deleted(tpatch))
+		tpatch = NULL;
+
+	if (check_index && !tpatch) {
+		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			if (patch->is_new < 0)
+				goto is_new;
+			return error("%s: does not exist in index", old_name);
+		}
+		*ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (stat_ret < 0) {
+			struct checkout costate;
+			/* checkout */
+			costate.base_dir = "";
+			costate.base_dir_len = 0;
+			costate.force = 0;
+			costate.quiet = 0;
+			costate.not_new = 0;
+			costate.refresh_cache = 1;
+			if (checkout_entry(*ce, &costate, NULL) ||
+			    lstat(old_name, st))
+				return -1;
+		}
+		if (!cached && verify_index_match(*ce, st))
+			return error("%s: does not match index", old_name);
+		if (cached)
+			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
+	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
+		if (patch->is_new < 0)
+			goto is_new;
+		return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	if (!cached && !tpatch)
+		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
+
+	if (patch->is_new < 0)
+		patch->is_new = 0;
+	if (!patch->old_mode)
+		patch->old_mode = st_mode;
+	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
+		return error("%s: wrong type", old_name);
+	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
+		warning("%s has type %o, expected %o",
+			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
+	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
+		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
+	return 0;
+
+ is_new:
+	patch->is_new = 1;
+	patch->is_delete = 0;
+	patch->old_name = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
 	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
 	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
 	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
+	struct patch *tpatch;
 	int ok_if_exists;
+	int status;
 
 	patch->rejected = 1; /* we will drop this after we succeed */
-	if (old_name) {
-		int changed = 0;
-		int stat_ret = 0;
-		unsigned st_mode = 0;
-
-		if (!cached)
-			stat_ret = lstat(old_name, &st);
-		if (check_index) {
-			int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
-			if (pos < 0)
-				return error("%s: does not exist in index",
-					     old_name);
-			ce = active_cache[pos];
-			if (stat_ret < 0) {
-				struct checkout costate;
-				if (errno != ENOENT)
-					return error("%s: %s", old_name,
-						     strerror(errno));
-				/* checkout */
-				costate.base_dir = "";
-				costate.base_dir_len = 0;
-				costate.force = 0;
-				costate.quiet = 0;
-				costate.not_new = 0;
-				costate.refresh_cache = 1;
-				if (checkout_entry(ce,
-						   &costate,
-						   NULL) ||
-				    lstat(old_name, &st))
-					return -1;
-			}
-			if (!cached)
-				changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 1);
-			if (changed)
-				return error("%s: does not match index",
-					     old_name);
-			if (cached)
-				st_mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
-		}
-		else if (stat_ret < 0)
-			return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
 
-		if (!cached)
-			st_mode = ntohl(ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode));
+	status = check_preimage(patch, &ce, &st);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	old_name = patch->old_name;
 
-		if (patch->is_new < 0)
-			patch->is_new = 0;
-		if (!patch->old_mode)
-			patch->old_mode = st_mode;
-		if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
-			return error("%s: wrong type", old_name);
-		if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: %s has type %o, expected %o\n",
-				old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
-	}
-
-	if (new_name && prev_patch && 0 < prev_patch->is_delete &&
-	    !strcmp(prev_patch->old_name, new_name))
-		/* A type-change diff is always split into a patch to
+	if ((tpatch = in_fn_table(new_name)) &&
+			(was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
+		/*
+		 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to
 		 * delete old, immediately followed by a patch to
 		 * create new (see diff.c::run_diff()); in such a case
 		 * it is Ok that the entry to be deleted by the
@@ -2095,15 +2553,9 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
 		    !ok_if_exists)
 			return error("%s: already exists in index", new_name);
 		if (!cached) {
-			struct stat nst;
-			if (!lstat(new_name, &nst)) {
-				if (S_ISDIR(nst.st_mode) || ok_if_exists)
-					; /* ok */
-				else
-					return error("%s: already exists in working directory", new_name);
-			}
-			else if ((errno != ENOENT) && (errno != ENOTDIR))
-				return error("%s: %s", new_name, strerror(errno));
+			int err = check_to_create_blob(new_name, ok_if_exists);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
 		}
 		if (!patch->new_mode) {
 			if (0 < patch->is_new)
@@ -2131,22 +2583,39 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch, struct patch *prev_patch)
 
 static int check_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
 {
-	struct patch *prev_patch = NULL;
 	int err = 0;
 
-	for (prev_patch = NULL; patch ; patch = patch->next) {
+	prepare_fn_table(patch);
+	while (patch) {
 		if (apply_verbosely)
 			say_patch_name(stderr,
 				       "Checking patch ", patch, "...\n");
-		err |= check_patch(patch, prev_patch);
-		prev_patch = patch;
+		err |= check_patch(patch);
+		patch = patch->next;
 	}
 	return err;
 }
 
-static void show_index_list(struct patch *list)
+/* This function tries to read the sha1 from the current index */
+static int get_current_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int pos;
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		return -1;
+	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return -1;
+	hashcpy(sha1, active_cache[pos]->sha1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Build an index that contains the just the files needed for a 3way merge */
+static void build_fake_ancestor(struct patch *list, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct patch *patch;
+	struct index_state result = { NULL };
+	int fd;
 
 	/* Once we start supporting the reverse patch, it may be
 	 * worth showing the new sha1 prefix, but until then...
@@ -2154,24 +2623,38 @@ static void show_index_list(struct patch *list)
 	for (patch = list; patch; patch = patch->next) {
 		const unsigned char *sha1_ptr;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
 		const char *name;
 
 		name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
 		if (0 < patch->is_new)
-			sha1_ptr = null_sha1;
+			continue;
 		else if (get_sha1(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1))
-			die("sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s).",
-			    name);
+			/* git diff has no index line for mode/type changes */
+			if (!patch->lines_added && !patch->lines_deleted) {
+				if (get_current_sha1(patch->new_name, sha1) ||
+				    get_current_sha1(patch->old_name, sha1))
+					die("mode change for %s, which is not "
+						"in current HEAD", name);
+				sha1_ptr = sha1;
+			} else
+				die("sha1 information is lacking or useless "
+					"(%s).", name);
 		else
 			sha1_ptr = sha1;
 
-		printf("%06o %s	",patch->old_mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1_ptr));
-		if (line_termination && quote_c_style(name, NULL, NULL, 0))
-			quote_c_style(name, NULL, stdout, 0);
-		else
-			fputs(name, stdout);
-		putchar(line_termination);
+		ce = make_cache_entry(patch->old_mode, sha1_ptr, name, 0, 0);
+		if (!ce)
+			die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'", name);
+		if (add_index_entry(&result, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
+			die ("Could not add %s to temporary index", name);
 	}
+
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0 || write_index(&result, fd) || close(fd))
+		die ("Could not write temporary index to %s", filename);
+
+	discard_index(&result);
 }
 
 static void stat_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
@@ -2196,13 +2679,8 @@ static void numstat_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
 		if (patch->is_binary)
 			printf("-\t-\t");
 		else
-			printf("%d\t%d\t",
-			       patch->lines_added, patch->lines_deleted);
-		if (line_termination && quote_c_style(name, NULL, NULL, 0))
-			quote_c_style(name, NULL, stdout, 0);
-		else
-			fputs(name, stdout);
-		putchar(line_termination);
+			printf("%d\t%d\t", patch->lines_added, patch->lines_deleted);
+		write_name_quoted(name, stdout, line_termination);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2311,19 +2789,14 @@ static void remove_file(struct patch *patch, int rmdir_empty)
 	if (update_index) {
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(patch->old_name) < 0)
 			die("unable to remove %s from index", patch->old_name);
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, patch->old_name);
 	}
 	if (!cached) {
-		if (!unlink(patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
-			char *name = xstrdup(patch->old_name);
-			char *end = strrchr(name, '/');
-			while (end) {
-				*end = 0;
-				if (rmdir(name))
-					break;
-				end = strrchr(name, '/');
-			}
-			free(name);
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
+			if (rmdir(patch->old_name))
+				warning("unable to remove submodule %s",
+					patch->old_name);
+		} else if (!unlink_or_warn(patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
+			remove_path(patch->old_name);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -2341,23 +2814,37 @@ static void add_index_file(const char *path, unsigned mode, void *buf, unsigned
 	ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = htons(namelen);
-	if (!cached) {
-		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-			die("unable to stat newly created file %s", path);
-		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
+	ce->ce_flags = namelen;
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		const char *s = buf;
+
+		if (get_sha1_hex(s + strlen("Subproject commit "), ce->sha1))
+			die("corrupt patch for subproject %s", path);
+	} else {
+		if (!cached) {
+			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+				die_errno("unable to stat newly created file '%s'",
+					  path);
+			fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
+		}
+		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, blob_type, ce->sha1) < 0)
+			die("unable to create backing store for newly created file %s", path);
 	}
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, blob_type, ce->sha1) < 0)
-		die("unable to create backing store for newly created file %s", path);
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0)
 		die("unable to add cache entry for %s", path);
 }
 
 static int try_create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
-	int fd, converted;
-	char *nbuf;
-	unsigned long nsize;
+	int fd;
+	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+			return 0;
+		return mkdir(path, 0777);
+	}
 
 	if (has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))
 		/* Although buf:size is counted string, it also is NUL
@@ -2369,26 +2856,15 @@ static int try_create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char *buf,
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	nsize = size;
-	nbuf = (char *) buf;
-	converted = convert_to_working_tree(path, &nbuf, &nsize);
-	if (converted) {
-		buf = nbuf;
-		size = nsize;
-	}
-	while (size) {
-		int written = xwrite(fd, buf, size);
-		if (written < 0)
-			die("writing file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-		if (!written)
-			die("out of space writing file %s", path);
-		buf += written;
-		size -= written;
+	if (convert_to_working_tree(path, buf, size, &nbuf)) {
+		size = nbuf.len;
+		buf  = nbuf.buf;
 	}
+	write_or_die(fd, buf, size);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+
 	if (close(fd) < 0)
-		die("closing file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-	if (converted)
-		free(nbuf);
+		die_errno("closing file '%s'", path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2416,8 +2892,7 @@ static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned
 		 * used to be.
 		 */
 		struct stat st;
-		errno = 0;
-		if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !rmdir(path))
+		if (!lstat(path, &st) && (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) || !rmdir(path)))
 			errno = EEXIST;
 	}
 
@@ -2425,12 +2900,12 @@ static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned
 		unsigned int nr = getpid();
 
 		for (;;) {
-			const char *newpath;
-			newpath = mkpath("%s~%u", path, nr);
+			char newpath[PATH_MAX];
+			mksnpath(newpath, sizeof(newpath), "%s~%u", path, nr);
 			if (!try_create_file(newpath, mode, buf, size)) {
 				if (!rename(newpath, path))
 					return;
-				unlink(newpath);
+				unlink_or_warn(newpath);
 				break;
 			}
 			if (errno != EEXIST)
@@ -2438,7 +2913,7 @@ static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned
 			++nr;
 		}
 	}
-	die("unable to write file %s mode %o", path, mode);
+	die_errno("unable to write file '%s' mode %o", path, mode);
 }
 
 static void create_file(struct patch *patch)
@@ -2452,7 +2927,6 @@ static void create_file(struct patch *patch)
 		mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
 	create_one_file(path, mode, buf, size);
 	add_index_file(path, mode, buf, size);
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 }
 
 /* phase zero is to remove, phase one is to create */
@@ -2473,7 +2947,7 @@ static void write_out_one_result(struct patch *patch, int phase)
 	 * thing: remove the old, write the new
 	 */
 	if (phase == 0)
-		remove_file(patch, 0);
+		remove_file(patch, patch->is_rename);
 	if (phase == 1)
 		create_file(patch);
 }
@@ -2511,8 +2985,7 @@ static int write_out_one_reject(struct patch *patch)
 	cnt = strlen(patch->new_name);
 	if (ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) <= cnt + 5) {
 		cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) - 5;
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"warning: truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej",
+		warning("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej",
 			cnt - 1, patch->new_name);
 	}
 	memcpy(namebuf, patch->new_name, cnt);
@@ -2572,29 +3045,45 @@ static int write_out_results(struct patch *list, int skipped_patch)
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
-static struct excludes {
-	struct excludes *next;
-	const char *path;
-} *excludes;
+static struct string_list limit_by_name;
+static int has_include;
+static void add_name_limit(const char *name, int exclude)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *it;
+
+	it = string_list_append(name, &limit_by_name);
+	it->util = exclude ? NULL : (void *) 1;
+}
 
 static int use_patch(struct patch *p)
 {
 	const char *pathname = p->new_name ? p->new_name : p->old_name;
-	struct excludes *x = excludes;
-	while (x) {
-		if (fnmatch(x->path, pathname, 0) == 0)
-			return 0;
-		x = x->next;
-	}
+	int i;
+
+	/* Paths outside are not touched regardless of "--include" */
 	if (0 < prefix_length) {
 		int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
 		if (pathlen <= prefix_length ||
 		    memcmp(prefix, pathname, prefix_length))
 			return 0;
 	}
-	return 1;
+
+	/* See if it matches any of exclude/include rule */
+	for (i = 0; i < limit_by_name.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *it = &limit_by_name.items[i];
+		if (!fnmatch(it->string, pathname, 0))
+			return (it->util != NULL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we had any include, a path that does not match any rule is
+	 * not used.  Otherwise, we saw bunch of exclude rules (or none)
+	 * and such a path is used.
+	 */
+	return !has_include;
 }
 
+
 static void prefix_one(char **name)
 {
 	char *old_name = *name;
@@ -2621,24 +3110,29 @@ static void prefix_patches(struct patch *p)
 	}
 }
 
-static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int inaccurate_eof)
+#define INACCURATE_EOF	(1<<0)
+#define RECOUNT		(1<<1)
+
+static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int options)
 {
-	unsigned long offset, size;
-	char *buffer = read_patch_file(fd, &size);
+	size_t offset;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct patch *list = NULL, **listp = &list;
 	int skipped_patch = 0;
 
+	/* FIXME - memory leak when using multiple patch files as inputs */
+	memset(&fn_table, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	patch_input_file = filename;
-	if (!buffer)
-		return -1;
+	read_patch_file(&buf, fd);
 	offset = 0;
-	while (size > 0) {
+	while (offset < buf.len) {
 		struct patch *patch;
 		int nr;
 
 		patch = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*patch));
-		patch->inaccurate_eof = inaccurate_eof;
-		nr = parse_chunk(buffer + offset, size, patch);
+		patch->inaccurate_eof = !!(options & INACCURATE_EOF);
+		patch->recount =  !!(options & RECOUNT);
+		nr = parse_chunk(buf.buf + offset, buf.len - offset, patch);
 		if (nr < 0)
 			break;
 		if (apply_in_reverse)
@@ -2656,10 +3150,9 @@ static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int inaccurate_eof)
 			skipped_patch++;
 		}
 		offset += nr;
-		size -= nr;
 	}
 
-	if (whitespace_error && (new_whitespace == error_on_whitespace))
+	if (whitespace_error && (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error))
 		apply = 0;
 
 	update_index = check_index && apply;
@@ -2679,8 +3172,8 @@ static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int inaccurate_eof)
 	if (apply && write_out_results(list, skipped_patch))
 		exit(1);
 
-	if (show_index_info)
-		show_index_list(list);
+	if (fake_ancestor)
+		build_fake_ancestor(list, fake_ancestor);
 
 	if (diffstat)
 		stat_patch_list(list);
@@ -2691,180 +3184,209 @@ static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int inaccurate_eof)
 	if (summary)
 		summary_patch_list(list);
 
-	free(buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int git_apply_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_apply_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(var, "apply.whitespace")) {
-		apply_default_whitespace = xstrdup(value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "apply.whitespace"))
+		return git_config_string(&apply_default_whitespace, var, value);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_name_limit(arg, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_include(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_name_limit(arg, 0);
+	has_include = 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
+static int option_parse_p(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	p_value = atoi(arg);
+	p_value_known = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		line_termination = '\n';
+	else
+		line_termination = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_whitespace(const struct option *opt,
+				   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	const char **whitespace_option = opt->value;
+
+	*whitespace_option = arg;
+	parse_whitespace_option(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_directory(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	root_len = strlen(arg);
+	if (root_len && arg[root_len - 1] != '/') {
+		char *new_root;
+		root = new_root = xmalloc(root_len + 2);
+		strcpy(new_root, arg);
+		strcpy(new_root + root_len++, "/");
+	} else
+		root = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	int read_stdin = 1;
-	int inaccurate_eof = 0;
 	int errs = 0;
-	int is_not_gitdir = 0;
+	int is_not_gitdir;
+	int binary;
+	int force_apply = 0;
 
 	const char *whitespace_option = NULL;
 
+	struct option builtin_apply_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", NULL, "path",
+			"don't apply changes matching the given path",
+			0, option_parse_exclude },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", NULL, "path",
+			"apply changes matching the given path",
+			0, option_parse_include },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, NULL, "num",
+			"remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths",
+			0, option_parse_p },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-add", &no_add,
+			"ignore additions made by the patch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stat", &diffstat,
+			"instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-binary-replacement", &binary,
+		  NULL, "old option, now no-op",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "binary", &binary,
+		  NULL, "old option, now no-op",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numstat", &numstat,
+			"shows number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &summary,
+			"instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "check", &check,
+			"instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "index", &check_index,
+			"make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
+			"apply a patch without touching the working tree"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "apply", &force_apply,
+			"also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"),
+		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &fake_ancestor,
+			"build a temporary index based on embedded index information"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_INTEGER('C', NULL, &p_context,
+				"ensure at least <n> lines of context match"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", &whitespace_option, "action",
+			"detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors",
+			0, option_parse_whitespace },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('R', "reverse", &apply_in_reverse,
+			"apply the patch in reverse"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unidiff-zero", &unidiff_zero,
+			"don't expect at least one line of context"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reject", &apply_with_reject,
+			"leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", &options,
+			"tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file",
+			INACCURATE_EOF),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "recount", &options,
+			"do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers",
+			RECOUNT),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", NULL, "root",
+			"prepend <root> to all filenames",
+			0, option_parse_directory },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&is_not_gitdir);
 	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-	git_config(git_apply_config);
+	git_config(git_apply_config, NULL);
 	if (apply_default_whitespace)
 		parse_whitespace_option(apply_default_whitespace);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_apply_options,
+			apply_usage, 0);
+
+	if (apply_with_reject)
+		apply = apply_verbosely = 1;
+	if (!force_apply && (diffstat || numstat || summary || check || fake_ancestor))
+		apply = 0;
+	if (check_index && is_not_gitdir)
+		die("--index outside a repository");
+	if (cached) {
+		if (is_not_gitdir)
+			die("--cached outside a repository");
+		check_index = 1;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		char *end;
 		int fd;
 
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "-")) {
-			errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", inaccurate_eof);
+			errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", options);
 			read_stdin = 0;
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude=")) {
-			struct excludes *x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x));
-			x->path = arg + 10;
-			x->next = excludes;
-			excludes = x;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-p")) {
-			p_value = atoi(arg + 2);
-			p_value_known = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-add")) {
-			no_add = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stat")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			diffstat = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--allow-binary-replacement") ||
-		    !strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
-			continue; /* now no-op */
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--numstat")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			numstat = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--summary")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			summary = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--check")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			check = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--index")) {
-			if (is_not_gitdir)
-				die("--index outside a repository");
-			check_index = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached")) {
-			if (is_not_gitdir)
-				die("--cached outside a repository");
-			check_index = 1;
-			cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--apply")) {
-			apply = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--index-info")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			show_index_info = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-z")) {
-			line_termination = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C")) {
-			p_context = strtoul(arg + 2, &end, 0);
-			if (*end != '\0')
-				die("unrecognized context count '%s'", arg + 2);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--whitespace=")) {
-			whitespace_option = arg + 13;
-			parse_whitespace_option(arg + 13);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-R") || !strcmp(arg, "--reverse")) {
-			apply_in_reverse = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--unidiff-zero")) {
-			unidiff_zero = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--reject")) {
-			apply = apply_with_reject = apply_verbosely = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v") || !strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
-			apply_verbosely = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--inaccurate-eof")) {
-			inaccurate_eof = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (0 < prefix_length)
+		} else if (0 < prefix_length)
 			arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 
 		fd = open(arg, O_RDONLY);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			usage(apply_usage);
+			die_errno("can't open patch '%s'", arg);
 		read_stdin = 0;
 		set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
-		errs |= apply_patch(fd, arg, inaccurate_eof);
+		errs |= apply_patch(fd, arg, options);
 		close(fd);
 	}
 	set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
 	if (read_stdin)
-		errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", inaccurate_eof);
+		errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", options);
 	if (whitespace_error) {
 		if (squelch_whitespace_errors &&
 		    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error) {
 			int squelched =
 				whitespace_error - squelch_whitespace_errors;
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: squelched %d "
-				"whitespace error%s\n",
+			warning("squelched %d "
+				"whitespace error%s",
 				squelched,
 				squelched == 1 ? "" : "s");
 		}
-		if (new_whitespace == error_on_whitespace)
-			die("%d line%s add%s trailing whitespaces.",
+		if (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
+			die("%d line%s add%s whitespace errors.",
 			    whitespace_error,
 			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
 			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
-		if (applied_after_stripping)
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: %d line%s applied after"
-				" stripping trailing whitespaces.\n",
-				applied_after_stripping,
-				applied_after_stripping == 1 ? "" : "s");
+		if (applied_after_fixing_ws && apply)
+			warning("%d line%s applied after"
+				" fixing whitespace errors.",
+				applied_after_fixing_ws,
+				applied_after_fixing_ws == 1 ? "" : "s");
 		else if (whitespace_error)
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: %d line%s add%s trailing"
-				" whitespaces.\n",
+			warning("%d line%s add%s whitespace errors.",
 				whitespace_error,
 				whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
 				whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
@@ -2872,7 +3394,7 @@ int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 
 	if (update_index) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
+		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-archive.c b/builtin-archive.c
index 7f4e409c99..f9a4bea41e 100644
--- a/builtin-archive.c
+++ b/builtin-archive.c
@@ -5,257 +5,91 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "archive.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tree-walk.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 
-static const char archive_usage[] = \
-"git-archive --format=<fmt> [--prefix=<prefix>/] [--verbose] [<extra>] <tree-ish> [path...]";
-
-static struct archiver_desc
+static void create_output_file(const char *output_file)
 {
-	const char *name;
-	write_archive_fn_t write_archive;
-	parse_extra_args_fn_t parse_extra;
-} archivers[] = {
-	{ "tar", write_tar_archive, NULL },
-	{ "zip", write_zip_archive, parse_extra_zip_args },
-};
+	int output_fd = open(output_file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+	if (output_fd < 0)
+		die_errno("could not create archive file '%s'", output_file);
+	if (output_fd != 1) {
+		if (dup2(output_fd, 1) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not redirect output");
+		else
+			close(output_fd);
+	}
+}
 
-static int run_remote_archiver(const char *remote, int argc,
-			       const char **argv)
+static int run_remote_archiver(int argc, const char **argv,
+			       const char *remote, const char *exec)
 {
 	char *url, buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 	int fd[2], i, len, rv;
-	pid_t pid;
-	const char *exec = "git-upload-archive";
-	int exec_at = 0;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-			if (exec_at)
-				die("multiple --exec specified");
-			exec = arg + 7;
-			exec_at = i;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	struct child_process *conn;
 
 	url = xstrdup(remote);
-	pid = git_connect(fd, url, exec);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return pid;
+	conn = git_connect(fd, url, exec, 0);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (i == exec_at)
-			continue;
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
 		packet_write(fd[1], "argument %s\n", argv[i]);
-	}
 	packet_flush(fd[1]);
 
 	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (!len)
-		die("git-archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+		die("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
 	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
 		buf[--len] = 0;
 	if (strcmp(buf, "ACK")) {
 		if (len > 5 && !prefixcmp(buf, "NACK "))
-			die("git-archive: NACK %s", buf + 5);
-		die("git-archive: protocol error");
+			die("git archive: NACK %s", buf + 5);
+		die("git archive: protocol error");
 	}
 
 	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (len)
-		die("git-archive: expected a flush");
+		die("git archive: expected a flush");
 
 	/* Now, start reading from fd[0] and spit it out to stdout */
-	rv = recv_sideband("archive", fd[0], 1, 2);
+	rv = recv_sideband("archive", fd[0], 1);
 	close(fd[0]);
 	close(fd[1]);
-	rv |= finish_connect(pid);
+	rv |= finish_connect(conn);
 
 	return !!rv;
 }
 
-static int init_archiver(const char *name, struct archiver *ar)
-{
-	int rv = -1, i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(archivers); i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(name, archivers[i].name)) {
-			memset(ar, 0, sizeof(*ar));
-			ar->name = archivers[i].name;
-			ar->write_archive = archivers[i].write_archive;
-			ar->parse_extra = archivers[i].parse_extra;
-			rv = 0;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	return rv;
-}
-
-void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec, struct archiver_args *ar_args)
-{
-	ar_args->pathspec = get_pathspec(ar_args->base, pathspec);
-}
-
-void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv, struct archiver_args *ar_args,
-		       const char *prefix)
-{
-	const char *name = argv[0];
-	const unsigned char *commit_sha1;
-	time_t archive_time;
-	struct tree *tree;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name");
-
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-	if (commit) {
-		commit_sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
-		archive_time = commit->date;
-	} else {
-		commit_sha1 = NULL;
-		archive_time = time(NULL);
-	}
-
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
-	if (tree == NULL)
-		die("not a tree object");
-
-	if (prefix) {
-		unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
-		unsigned int mode;
-		int err;
-
-		err = get_tree_entry(tree->object.sha1, prefix,
-				     tree_sha1, &mode);
-		if (err || !S_ISDIR(mode))
-			die("current working directory is untracked");
-
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
-	}
-	ar_args->tree = tree;
-	ar_args->commit_sha1 = commit_sha1;
-	ar_args->time = archive_time;
-}
-
-int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct archiver *ar)
-{
-	const char *extra_argv[MAX_EXTRA_ARGS];
-	int extra_argc = 0;
-	const char *format = "tar";
-	const char *base = "";
-	int verbose = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--list") || !strcmp(arg, "-l")) {
-			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(archivers); i++)
-				printf("%s\n", archivers[i].name);
-			exit(0);
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose") || !strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			verbose = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--format=")) {
-			format = arg + 9;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--prefix=")) {
-			base = arg + 9;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (arg[0] == '-') {
-			if (extra_argc > MAX_EXTRA_ARGS - 1)
-				die("Too many extra options");
-			extra_argv[extra_argc++] = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* We need at least one parameter -- tree-ish */
-	if (argc - 1 < i)
-		usage(archive_usage);
-	if (init_archiver(format, ar) < 0)
-		die("Unknown archive format '%s'", format);
-
-	if (extra_argc) {
-		if (!ar->parse_extra)
-			die("'%s' format does not handle %s",
-			    ar->name, extra_argv[0]);
-		ar->args.extra = ar->parse_extra(extra_argc, extra_argv);
-	}
-	ar->args.verbose = verbose;
-	ar->args.base = base;
-
-	return i;
-}
-
-static const char *extract_remote_arg(int *ac, const char **av)
-{
-	int ix, iy, cnt = *ac;
-	int no_more_options = 0;
-	const char *remote = NULL;
-
-	for (ix = iy = 1; ix < cnt; ix++) {
-		const char *arg = av[ix];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--"))
-			no_more_options = 1;
-		if (!no_more_options) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--remote=")) {
-				if (remote)
-					die("Multiple --remote specified");
-				remote = arg + 9;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (arg[0] != '-')
-				no_more_options = 1;
-		}
-		if (ix != iy)
-			av[iy] = arg;
-		iy++;
-	}
-	if (remote) {
-		av[--cnt] = NULL;
-		*ac = cnt;
-	}
-	return remote;
-}
+#define PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ALL ( PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | 	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | 	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP	)
 
 int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct archiver ar;
-	int tree_idx;
+	const char *exec = "git-upload-archive";
+	const char *output = NULL;
 	const char *remote = NULL;
+	struct option local_opts[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "output", &output, "file",
+			"write the archive to this file"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, "repo",
+			"retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, "cmd",
+			"path to the remote git-upload-archive command"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, local_opts, NULL,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ALL);
+
+	if (output)
+		create_output_file(output);
 
-	remote = extract_remote_arg(&argc, argv);
 	if (remote)
-		return run_remote_archiver(remote, argc, argv);
+		return run_remote_archiver(argc, argv, remote, exec);
 
 	setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
 
-	memset(&ar, 0, sizeof(ar));
-	tree_idx = parse_archive_args(argc, argv, &ar);
-	if (prefix == NULL)
-		prefix = setup_git_directory();
-
-	argv += tree_idx;
-	parse_treeish_arg(argv, &ar.args, prefix);
-	parse_pathspec_arg(argv + 1, &ar.args);
-
-	return ar.write_archive(&ar.args);
+	return write_archive(argc, argv, prefix, 1);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-bisect--helper.c b/builtin-bisect--helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b226399e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-bisect--helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
+
+static const char * const git_bisect_helper_usage[] = {
+	"git bisect--helper --next-all",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int next_all = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "next-all", &next_all,
+			    "perform 'git bisect next'"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_bisect_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (!next_all)
+		usage_with_options(git_bisect_helper_usage, options);
+
+	/* next-all */
+	return bisect_next_all(prefix);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-blame.c b/builtin-blame.c
index 60ec5354f1..fd6ca51eeb 100644
--- a/builtin-blame.c
+++ b/builtin-blame.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Pickaxe
+ * Blame
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2006, Junio C Hamano
  */
@@ -16,22 +16,19 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
-
-static char blame_usage[] =
-"git-blame [-c] [-l] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-p] [-L n,m] [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [--contents <filename>] [--incremental] [commit] [--] file\n"
-"  -c, --compatibility Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)\n"
-"  -b                  Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)\n"
-"  -l, --long          Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)\n"
-"  --root              Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)\n"
-"  -t, --time          Show raw timestamp (Default: off)\n"
-"  -f, --show-name     Show original filename (Default: auto)\n"
-"  -n, --show-number   Show original linenumber (Default: off)\n"
-"  -p, --porcelain     Show in a format designed for machine consumption\n"
-"  -L n,m              Process only line range n,m, counting from 1\n"
-"  -M, -C              Find line movements within and across files\n"
-"  --incremental       Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally\n"
-"  --contents file     Use <file>'s contents as the final image\n"
-"  -S revs-file        Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling git-rev-list\n";
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+static char blame_usage[] = "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file";
+
+static const char *blame_opt_usage[] = {
+	blame_usage,
+	"",
+	"[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static int longest_file;
 static int longest_author;
@@ -39,9 +36,15 @@ static int max_orig_digits;
 static int max_digits;
 static int max_score_digits;
 static int show_root;
+static int reverse;
 static int blank_boundary;
 static int incremental;
-static int cmd_is_annotate;
+static int xdl_opts = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+
+static enum date_mode blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+static size_t blame_date_width;
+
+static struct string_list mailmap;
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
 #define DEBUG 0
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ static int num_commits;
 #define PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE		01
 #define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY		02
 #define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER	04
+#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST	010
 
 /*
  * blame for a blame_entry with score lower than these thresholds
@@ -74,6 +78,7 @@ static unsigned blame_copy_score;
  */
 struct origin {
 	int refcnt;
+	struct origin *previous;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	mmfile_t file;
 	unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
@@ -84,18 +89,21 @@ struct origin {
  * Given an origin, prepare mmfile_t structure to be used by the
  * diff machinery
  */
-static char *fill_origin_blob(struct origin *o, mmfile_t *file)
+static void fill_origin_blob(struct origin *o, mmfile_t *file)
 {
 	if (!o->file.ptr) {
 		enum object_type type;
 		num_read_blob++;
 		file->ptr = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type,
 					   (unsigned long *)(&(file->size)));
+		if (!file->ptr)
+			die("Cannot read blob %s for path %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(o->blob_sha1),
+			    o->path);
 		o->file = *file;
 	}
 	else
 		*file = o->file;
-	return file->ptr;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -112,13 +120,21 @@ static inline struct origin *origin_incref(struct origin *o)
 static void origin_decref(struct origin *o)
 {
 	if (o && --o->refcnt <= 0) {
-		if (o->file.ptr)
-			free(o->file.ptr);
-		memset(o, 0, sizeof(*o));
+		if (o->previous)
+			origin_decref(o->previous);
+		free(o->file.ptr);
 		free(o);
 	}
 }
 
+static void drop_origin_blob(struct origin *o)
+{
+	if (o->file.ptr) {
+		free(o->file.ptr);
+		o->file.ptr = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Each group of lines is described by a blame_entry; it can be split
  * as we pass blame to the parents.  They form a linked list in the
@@ -144,6 +160,10 @@ struct blame_entry {
 	 */
 	char guilty;
 
+	/* true if the entry has been scanned for copies in the current parent
+	 */
+	char scanned;
+
 	/* the line number of the first line of this group in the
 	 * suspect's file; internally all line numbers are 0 based.
 	 */
@@ -161,7 +181,7 @@ struct blame_entry {
 struct scoreboard {
 	/* the final commit (i.e. where we started digging from) */
 	struct commit *final;
-
+	struct rev_info *revs;
 	const char *path;
 
 	/*
@@ -324,7 +344,7 @@ static struct origin *find_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	 * same and diff-tree is fairly efficient about this.
 	 */
 	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	diff_opts.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
 	diff_opts.detect_rename = 0;
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	paths[0] = origin->path;
@@ -342,18 +362,28 @@ static struct origin *find_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
 			       "", &diff_opts);
 	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
 
-	/* It is either one entry that says "modified", or "created",
-	 * or nothing.
-	 */
 	if (!diff_queued_diff.nr) {
 		/* The path is the same as parent */
 		porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
 		hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
-	}
-	else if (diff_queued_diff.nr != 1)
-		die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
-	else {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[0];
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Since origin->path is a pathspec, if the parent
+		 * commit had it as a directory, we will see a whole
+		 * bunch of deletion of files in the directory that we
+		 * do not care about.
+		 */
+		int i;
+		struct diff_filepair *p = NULL;
+		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			const char *name;
+			p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+			name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+			if (!strcmp(name, origin->path))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (!p)
+			die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
 		switch (p->status) {
 		default:
 			die("internal error in blame::find_origin (%c)",
@@ -369,6 +399,7 @@ static struct origin *find_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
 		}
 	}
 	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&diff_opts);
 	if (porigin) {
 		/*
 		 * Create a freestanding copy that is not part of
@@ -398,7 +429,7 @@ static struct origin *find_rename(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	const char *paths[2];
 
 	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	diff_opts.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
 	diff_opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	diff_opts.single_follow = origin->path;
@@ -425,139 +456,11 @@ static struct origin *find_rename(struct scoreboard *sb,
 		}
 	}
 	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&diff_opts);
 	return porigin;
 }
 
 /*
- * Parsing of patch chunks...
- */
-struct chunk {
-	/* line number in postimage; up to but not including this
-	 * line is the same as preimage
-	 */
-	int same;
-
-	/* preimage line number after this chunk */
-	int p_next;
-
-	/* postimage line number after this chunk */
-	int t_next;
-};
-
-struct patch {
-	struct chunk *chunks;
-	int num;
-};
-
-struct blame_diff_state {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
-	struct patch *ret;
-	unsigned hunk_post_context;
-	unsigned hunk_in_pre_context : 1;
-};
-
-static void process_u_diff(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
-{
-	struct blame_diff_state *state = state_;
-	struct chunk *chunk;
-	int off1, off2, len1, len2, num;
-
-	num = state->ret->num;
-	if (len < 4 || line[0] != '@' || line[1] != '@') {
-		if (state->hunk_in_pre_context && line[0] == ' ')
-			state->ret->chunks[num - 1].same++;
-		else {
-			state->hunk_in_pre_context = 0;
-			if (line[0] == ' ')
-				state->hunk_post_context++;
-			else
-				state->hunk_post_context = 0;
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (num && state->hunk_post_context) {
-		chunk = &state->ret->chunks[num - 1];
-		chunk->p_next -= state->hunk_post_context;
-		chunk->t_next -= state->hunk_post_context;
-	}
-	state->ret->num = ++num;
-	state->ret->chunks = xrealloc(state->ret->chunks,
-				      sizeof(struct chunk) * num);
-	chunk = &state->ret->chunks[num - 1];
-	if (parse_hunk_header(line, len, &off1, &len1, &off2, &len2)) {
-		state->ret->num--;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* Line numbers in patch output are one based. */
-	off1--;
-	off2--;
-
-	chunk->same = len2 ? off2 : (off2 + 1);
-
-	chunk->p_next = off1 + (len1 ? len1 : 1);
-	chunk->t_next = chunk->same + len2;
-	state->hunk_in_pre_context = 1;
-	state->hunk_post_context = 0;
-}
-
-static struct patch *compare_buffer(mmfile_t *file_p, mmfile_t *file_o,
-				    int context)
-{
-	struct blame_diff_state state;
-	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
-	xdemitcb_t ecb;
-
-	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
-	xecfg.ctxlen = context;
-	xecfg.flags = 0;
-	ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-	ecb.priv = &state;
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
-	state.xm.consume = process_u_diff;
-	state.ret = xmalloc(sizeof(struct patch));
-	state.ret->chunks = NULL;
-	state.ret->num = 0;
-
-	xdl_diff(file_p, file_o, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
-
-	if (state.ret->num) {
-		struct chunk *chunk;
-		chunk = &state.ret->chunks[state.ret->num - 1];
-		chunk->p_next -= state.hunk_post_context;
-		chunk->t_next -= state.hunk_post_context;
-	}
-	return state.ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Run diff between two origins and grab the patch output, so that
- * we can pass blame for lines origin is currently suspected for
- * to its parent.
- */
-static struct patch *get_patch(struct origin *parent, struct origin *origin)
-{
-	mmfile_t file_p, file_o;
-	struct patch *patch;
-
-	fill_origin_blob(parent, &file_p);
-	fill_origin_blob(origin, &file_o);
-	if (!file_p.ptr || !file_o.ptr)
-		return NULL;
-	patch = compare_buffer(&file_p, &file_o, 0);
-	num_get_patch++;
-	return patch;
-}
-
-static void free_patch(struct patch *p)
-{
-	free(p->chunks);
-	free(p);
-}
-
-/*
  * Link in a new blame entry to the scoreboard.  Entries that cover the
  * same line range have been removed from the scoreboard previously.
  */
@@ -586,7 +489,7 @@ static void add_blame_entry(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *e)
 
 /*
  * src typically is on-stack; we want to copy the information in it to
- * an malloced blame_entry that is already on the linked list of the
+ * a malloced blame_entry that is already on the linked list of the
  * scoreboard.  The origin of dst loses a refcnt while the origin of src
  * gains one.
  */
@@ -803,6 +706,22 @@ static void blame_chunk(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	}
 }
 
+struct blame_chunk_cb_data {
+	struct scoreboard *sb;
+	struct origin *target;
+	struct origin *parent;
+	long plno;
+	long tlno;
+};
+
+static void blame_chunk_cb(void *data, long same, long p_next, long t_next)
+{
+	struct blame_chunk_cb_data *d = data;
+	blame_chunk(d->sb, d->tlno, d->plno, same, d->target, d->parent);
+	d->plno = p_next;
+	d->tlno = t_next;
+}
+
 /*
  * We are looking at the origin 'target' and aiming to pass blame
  * for the lines it is suspected to its parent.  Run diff to find
@@ -812,26 +731,28 @@ static int pass_blame_to_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 				struct origin *target,
 				struct origin *parent)
 {
-	int i, last_in_target, plno, tlno;
-	struct patch *patch;
+	int last_in_target;
+	mmfile_t file_p, file_o;
+	struct blame_chunk_cb_data d = { sb, target, parent, 0, 0 };
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 
 	last_in_target = find_last_in_target(sb, target);
 	if (last_in_target < 0)
 		return 1; /* nothing remains for this target */
 
-	patch = get_patch(parent, target);
-	plno = tlno = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < patch->num; i++) {
-		struct chunk *chunk = &patch->chunks[i];
+	fill_origin_blob(parent, &file_p);
+	fill_origin_blob(target, &file_o);
+	num_get_patch++;
 
-		blame_chunk(sb, tlno, plno, chunk->same, target, parent);
-		plno = chunk->p_next;
-		tlno = chunk->t_next;
-	}
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
+	xdi_diff_hunks(&file_p, &file_o, blame_chunk_cb, &d, &xpp, &xecfg);
 	/* The rest (i.e. anything after tlno) are the same as the parent */
-	blame_chunk(sb, tlno, plno, last_in_target, target, parent);
+	blame_chunk(sb, d.tlno, d.plno, last_in_target, target, parent);
 
-	free_patch(patch);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -891,6 +812,56 @@ static void copy_split_if_better(struct scoreboard *sb,
 }
 
 /*
+ * We are looking at a part of the final image represented by
+ * ent (tlno and same are offset by ent->s_lno).
+ * tlno is where we are looking at in the final image.
+ * up to (but not including) same match preimage.
+ * plno is where we are looking at in the preimage.
+ *
+ * <-------------- final image ---------------------->
+ *       <------ent------>
+ *         ^tlno ^same
+ *    <---------preimage----->
+ *         ^plno
+ *
+ * All line numbers are 0-based.
+ */
+static void handle_split(struct scoreboard *sb,
+			 struct blame_entry *ent,
+			 int tlno, int plno, int same,
+			 struct origin *parent,
+			 struct blame_entry *split)
+{
+	if (ent->num_lines <= tlno)
+		return;
+	if (tlno < same) {
+		struct blame_entry this[3];
+		tlno += ent->s_lno;
+		same += ent->s_lno;
+		split_overlap(this, ent, tlno, plno, same, parent);
+		copy_split_if_better(sb, split, this);
+		decref_split(this);
+	}
+}
+
+struct handle_split_cb_data {
+	struct scoreboard *sb;
+	struct blame_entry *ent;
+	struct origin *parent;
+	struct blame_entry *split;
+	long plno;
+	long tlno;
+};
+
+static void handle_split_cb(void *data, long same, long p_next, long t_next)
+{
+	struct handle_split_cb_data *d = data;
+	handle_split(d->sb, d->ent, d->tlno, d->plno, same, d->parent, d->split);
+	d->plno = p_next;
+	d->tlno = t_next;
+}
+
+/*
  * Find the lines from parent that are the same as ent so that
  * we can pass blames to it.  file_p has the blob contents for
  * the parent.
@@ -904,14 +875,15 @@ static void find_copy_in_blob(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	const char *cp;
 	int cnt;
 	mmfile_t file_o;
-	struct patch *patch;
-	int i, plno, tlno;
+	struct handle_split_cb_data d = { sb, ent, parent, split, 0, 0 };
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 
 	/*
 	 * Prepare mmfile that contains only the lines in ent.
 	 */
 	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
-	file_o.ptr = (char*) cp;
+	file_o.ptr = (char *) cp;
 	cnt = ent->num_lines;
 
 	while (cnt && cp < sb->final_buf + sb->final_buf_size) {
@@ -920,29 +892,18 @@ static void find_copy_in_blob(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	}
 	file_o.size = cp - file_o.ptr;
 
-	patch = compare_buffer(file_p, &file_o, 1);
-
+	/*
+	 * file_o is a part of final image we are annotating.
+	 * file_p partially may match that image.
+	 */
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	xecfg.ctxlen = 1;
 	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
-	plno = tlno = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < patch->num; i++) {
-		struct chunk *chunk = &patch->chunks[i];
-
-		/* tlno to chunk->same are the same as ent */
-		if (ent->num_lines <= tlno)
-			break;
-		if (tlno < chunk->same) {
-			struct blame_entry this[3];
-			split_overlap(this, ent,
-				      tlno + ent->s_lno, plno,
-				      chunk->same + ent->s_lno,
-				      parent);
-			copy_split_if_better(sb, split, this);
-			decref_split(this);
-		}
-		plno = chunk->p_next;
-		tlno = chunk->t_next;
-	}
-	free_patch(patch);
+	xdi_diff_hunks(file_p, &file_o, handle_split_cb, &d, &xpp, &xecfg);
+	/* remainder, if any, all match the preimage */
+	handle_split(sb, ent, d.tlno, d.plno, ent->num_lines, parent, split);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -969,7 +930,8 @@ static int find_move_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	while (made_progress) {
 		made_progress = 0;
 		for (e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next) {
-			if (e->guilty || !same_suspect(e->suspect, target))
+			if (e->guilty || !same_suspect(e->suspect, target) ||
+			    ent_score(sb, e) < blame_move_score)
 				continue;
 			find_copy_in_blob(sb, e, parent, split, &file_p);
 			if (split[1].suspect &&
@@ -994,6 +956,7 @@ struct blame_list {
  */
 static struct blame_list *setup_blame_list(struct scoreboard *sb,
 					   struct origin *target,
+					   int min_score,
 					   int *num_ents_p)
 {
 	struct blame_entry *e;
@@ -1001,12 +964,16 @@ static struct blame_list *setup_blame_list(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	struct blame_list *blame_list = NULL;
 
 	for (e = sb->ent, num_ents = 0; e; e = e->next)
-		if (!e->guilty && same_suspect(e->suspect, target))
+		if (!e->scanned && !e->guilty &&
+		    same_suspect(e->suspect, target) &&
+		    min_score < ent_score(sb, e))
 			num_ents++;
 	if (num_ents) {
 		blame_list = xcalloc(num_ents, sizeof(struct blame_list));
 		for (e = sb->ent, i = 0; e; e = e->next)
-			if (!e->guilty && same_suspect(e->suspect, target))
+			if (!e->scanned && !e->guilty &&
+			    same_suspect(e->suspect, target) &&
+			    min_score < ent_score(sb, e))
 				blame_list[i++].ent = e;
 	}
 	*num_ents_p = num_ents;
@@ -1014,6 +981,16 @@ static struct blame_list *setup_blame_list(struct scoreboard *sb,
 }
 
 /*
+ * Reset the scanned status on all entries.
+ */
+static void reset_scanned_flag(struct scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e;
+	for (e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next)
+		e->scanned = 0;
+}
+
+/*
  * For lines target is suspected for, see if we can find code movement
  * across file boundary from the parent commit.  porigin is the path
  * in the parent we already tried.
@@ -1031,12 +1008,12 @@ static int find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	struct blame_list *blame_list;
 	int num_ents;
 
-	blame_list = setup_blame_list(sb, target, &num_ents);
+	blame_list = setup_blame_list(sb, target, blame_copy_score, &num_ents);
 	if (!blame_list)
 		return 1; /* nothing remains for this target */
 
 	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	diff_opts.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 
 	paths[0] = NULL;
@@ -1051,9 +1028,10 @@ static int find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	 * and this code needs to be after diff_setup_done(), which
 	 * usually makes find-copies-harder imply copy detection.
 	 */
-	if ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER) &&
-	    (!porigin || strcmp(target->path, porigin->path)))
-		diff_opts.find_copies_harder = 1;
+	if ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST)
+	    || ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER)
+		&& (!porigin || strcmp(target->path, porigin->path))))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(target->commit->object.sha1))
 		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
@@ -1062,7 +1040,7 @@ static int find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 			       target->commit->tree->object.sha1,
 			       "", &diff_opts);
 
-	if (!diff_opts.find_copies_harder)
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
 		diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
 
 	retval = 0;
@@ -1077,6 +1055,8 @@ static int find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 
 			if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one))
 				continue; /* does not exist in parent */
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(p->one->mode))
+				continue; /* ignore git links */
 			if (porigin && !strcmp(p->one->path, porigin->path))
 				/* find_move already dealt with this path */
 				continue;
@@ -1104,20 +1084,23 @@ static int find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
 				split_blame(sb, split, blame_list[j].ent);
 				made_progress = 1;
 			}
+			else
+				blame_list[j].ent->scanned = 1;
 			decref_split(split);
 		}
 		free(blame_list);
 
 		if (!made_progress)
 			break;
-		blame_list = setup_blame_list(sb, target, &num_ents);
+		blame_list = setup_blame_list(sb, target, blame_copy_score, &num_ents);
 		if (!blame_list) {
 			retval = 1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
+	reset_scanned_flag(sb);
 	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
-
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&diff_opts);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -1144,18 +1127,48 @@ static void pass_whole_blame(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	}
 }
 
-#define MAXPARENT 16
+/*
+ * We pass blame from the current commit to its parents.  We keep saying
+ * "parent" (and "porigin"), but what we mean is to find scapegoat to
+ * exonerate ourselves.
+ */
+static struct commit_list *first_scapegoat(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (!reverse)
+		return commit->parents;
+	return lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
+}
+
+static int num_scapegoats(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int cnt;
+	struct commit_list *l = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
+	for (cnt = 0; l; l = l->next)
+		cnt++;
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+#define MAXSG 16
 
 static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 {
-	int i, pass;
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+	int i, pass, num_sg;
 	struct commit *commit = origin->commit;
-	struct commit_list *parent;
-	struct origin *parent_origin[MAXPARENT], *porigin;
-
-	memset(parent_origin, 0, sizeof(parent_origin));
+	struct commit_list *sg;
+	struct origin *sg_buf[MAXSG];
+	struct origin *porigin, **sg_origin = sg_buf;
+
+	num_sg = num_scapegoats(revs, commit);
+	if (!num_sg)
+		goto finish;
+	else if (num_sg < ARRAY_SIZE(sg_buf))
+		memset(sg_buf, 0, sizeof(sg_buf));
+	else
+		sg_origin = xcalloc(num_sg, sizeof(*sg_origin));
 
-	/* The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
+	/*
+	 * The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
 	 * common cases, then we look for renames in the second pass.
 	 */
 	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
@@ -1163,13 +1176,13 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 				       struct commit *, struct origin *);
 		find = pass ? find_rename : find_origin;
 
-		for (i = 0, parent = commit->parents;
-		     i < MAXPARENT && parent;
-		     parent = parent->next, i++) {
-			struct commit *p = parent->item;
+		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
+		     i < num_sg && sg;
+		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+			struct commit *p = sg->item;
 			int j, same;
 
-			if (parent_origin[i])
+			if (sg_origin[i])
 				continue;
 			if (parse_commit(p))
 				continue;
@@ -1182,26 +1195,30 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 				goto finish;
 			}
 			for (j = same = 0; j < i; j++)
-				if (parent_origin[j] &&
-				    !hashcmp(parent_origin[j]->blob_sha1,
+				if (sg_origin[j] &&
+				    !hashcmp(sg_origin[j]->blob_sha1,
 					     porigin->blob_sha1)) {
 					same = 1;
 					break;
 				}
 			if (!same)
-				parent_origin[i] = porigin;
+				sg_origin[i] = porigin;
 			else
 				origin_decref(porigin);
 		}
 	}
 
 	num_commits++;
-	for (i = 0, parent = commit->parents;
-	     i < MAXPARENT && parent;
-	     parent = parent->next, i++) {
-		struct origin *porigin = parent_origin[i];
+	for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
+	     i < num_sg && sg;
+	     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+		struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
 		if (!porigin)
 			continue;
+		if (!origin->previous) {
+			origin_incref(porigin);
+			origin->previous = porigin;
+		}
 		if (pass_blame_to_parent(sb, origin, porigin))
 			goto finish;
 	}
@@ -1210,10 +1227,10 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 	 * Optionally find moves in parents' files.
 	 */
 	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE)
-		for (i = 0, parent = commit->parents;
-		     i < MAXPARENT && parent;
-		     parent = parent->next, i++) {
-			struct origin *porigin = parent_origin[i];
+		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
+		     i < num_sg && sg;
+		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+			struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
 			if (!porigin)
 				continue;
 			if (find_move_in_parent(sb, origin, porigin))
@@ -1224,18 +1241,25 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 	 * Optionally find copies from parents' files.
 	 */
 	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY)
-		for (i = 0, parent = commit->parents;
-		     i < MAXPARENT && parent;
-		     parent = parent->next, i++) {
-			struct origin *porigin = parent_origin[i];
-			if (find_copy_in_parent(sb, origin, parent->item,
+		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
+		     i < num_sg && sg;
+		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+			struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
+			if (find_copy_in_parent(sb, origin, sg->item,
 						porigin, opt))
 				goto finish;
 		}
 
  finish:
-	for (i = 0; i < MAXPARENT; i++)
-		origin_decref(parent_origin[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < num_sg; i++) {
+		if (sg_origin[i]) {
+			drop_origin_blob(sg_origin[i]);
+			origin_decref(sg_origin[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	drop_origin_blob(origin);
+	if (sg_buf != sg_origin)
+		free(sg_origin);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1261,11 +1285,12 @@ struct commit_info
  * Parse author/committer line in the commit object buffer
  */
 static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
-			int bufsz, char *person, const char **mail,
+			int person_len, char *person,
+			int mail_len, char *mail,
 			unsigned long *time, const char **tz)
 {
-	int len;
-	char *tmp, *endp;
+	int len, tzlen, maillen;
+	char *tmp, *endp, *timepos, *mailpos;
 
 	tmp = strstr(inbuf, what);
 	if (!tmp)
@@ -1276,10 +1301,11 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 		len = strlen(tmp);
 	else
 		len = endp - tmp;
-	if (bufsz <= len) {
+	if (person_len <= len) {
 	error_out:
 		/* Ugh */
-		*mail = *tz = "(unknown)";
+		*tz = "(unknown)";
+		strcpy(mail, *tz);
 		*time = 0;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1291,17 +1317,46 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 	while (*tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
 	*tz = tmp+1;
+	tzlen = (person+len)-(tmp+1);
 
 	*tmp = 0;
 	while (*tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
 	*time = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10);
+	timepos = tmp;
 
 	*tmp = 0;
 	while (*tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
-	*mail = tmp + 1;
+	mailpos = tmp + 1;
 	*tmp = 0;
+	maillen = timepos - tmp;
+	memcpy(mail, mailpos, maillen);
+
+	if (!mailmap.nr)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * mailmap expansion may make the name longer.
+	 * make room by pushing stuff down.
+	 */
+	tmp = person + person_len - (tzlen + 1);
+	memmove(tmp, *tz, tzlen);
+	tmp[tzlen] = 0;
+	*tz = tmp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now, convert both name and e-mail using mailmap
+	 */
+	if(map_user(&mailmap, mail+1, mail_len-1, person, tmp-person-1)) {
+		/* Add a trailing '>' to email, since map_user returns plain emails
+		   Note: It already has '<', since we replace from mail+1 */
+		mailpos = memchr(mail, '\0', mail_len);
+		if (mailpos && mailpos-mail < mail_len - 1) {
+			*mailpos = '>';
+			*(mailpos+1) = '\0';
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
@@ -1309,9 +1364,11 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 			    int detailed)
 {
 	int len;
-	char *tmp, *endp;
-	static char author_buf[1024];
-	static char committer_buf[1024];
+	char *tmp, *endp, *reencoded, *message;
+	static char author_name[1024];
+	static char author_mail[1024];
+	static char committer_name[1024];
+	static char committer_mail[1024];
 	static char summary_buf[1024];
 
 	/*
@@ -1323,25 +1380,37 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 		unsigned long size;
 		commit->buffer =
 			read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
-	}
-	ret->author = author_buf;
-	get_ac_line(commit->buffer, "\nauthor ",
-		    sizeof(author_buf), author_buf, &ret->author_mail,
+		if (!commit->buffer)
+			die("Cannot read commit %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	}
+	reencoded = reencode_commit_message(commit, NULL);
+	message   = reencoded ? reencoded : commit->buffer;
+	ret->author = author_name;
+	ret->author_mail = author_mail;
+	get_ac_line(message, "\nauthor ",
+		    sizeof(author_name), author_name,
+		    sizeof(author_mail), author_mail,
 		    &ret->author_time, &ret->author_tz);
 
-	if (!detailed)
+	if (!detailed) {
+		free(reencoded);
 		return;
+	}
 
-	ret->committer = committer_buf;
-	get_ac_line(commit->buffer, "\ncommitter ",
-		    sizeof(committer_buf), committer_buf, &ret->committer_mail,
+	ret->committer = committer_name;
+	ret->committer_mail = committer_mail;
+	get_ac_line(message, "\ncommitter ",
+		    sizeof(committer_name), committer_name,
+		    sizeof(committer_mail), committer_mail,
 		    &ret->committer_time, &ret->committer_tz);
 
 	ret->summary = summary_buf;
-	tmp = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+	tmp = strstr(message, "\n\n");
 	if (!tmp) {
 	error_out:
 		sprintf(summary_buf, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		free(reencoded);
 		return;
 	}
 	tmp += 2;
@@ -1353,6 +1422,7 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 		goto error_out;
 	memcpy(summary_buf, tmp, len);
 	summary_buf[len] = 0;
+	free(reencoded);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1362,8 +1432,40 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 static void write_filename_info(const char *path)
 {
 	printf("filename ");
-	write_name_quoted(NULL, 0, path, 1, stdout);
-	putchar('\n');
+	write_name_quoted(path, stdout, '\n');
+}
+
+/*
+ * Porcelain/Incremental format wants to show a lot of details per
+ * commit.  Instead of repeating this every line, emit it only once,
+ * the first time each commit appears in the output.
+ */
+static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect)
+{
+	struct commit_info ci;
+
+	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)
+		return 0;
+
+	suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
+	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
+	printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
+	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
+	printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
+	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
+	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
+	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
+	printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
+	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
+	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
+	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		printf("boundary\n");
+	if (suspect->previous) {
+		struct origin *prev = suspect->previous;
+		printf("previous %s ", sha1_to_hex(prev->commit->object.sha1));
+		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1381,23 +1483,9 @@ static void found_guilty_entry(struct blame_entry *ent)
 		printf("%s %d %d %d\n",
 		       sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1),
 		       ent->s_lno + 1, ent->lno + 1, ent->num_lines);
-		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
-			struct commit_info ci;
-			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
-			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-			printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
-			printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-			printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-			printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-			printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
-			printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-			printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-			printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
-			if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-				printf("boundary\n");
-		}
+		emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect);
 		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
+		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1406,8 +1494,10 @@ static void found_guilty_entry(struct blame_entry *ent)
  * is still unknown, pick one blame_entry, and allow its current
  * suspect to pass blames to its parents.
  */
-static void assign_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct rev_info *revs, int opt)
+static void assign_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, int opt)
 {
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+
 	while (1) {
 		struct blame_entry *ent;
 		struct commit *commit;
@@ -1428,8 +1518,9 @@ static void assign_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct rev_info *revs, int opt)
 		commit = suspect->commit;
 		if (!commit->object.parsed)
 			parse_commit(commit);
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) &&
-		    !(revs->max_age != -1 && commit->date < revs->max_age))
+		if (reverse ||
+		    (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) &&
+		     !(revs->max_age != -1 && commit->date < revs->max_age)))
 			pass_blame(sb, suspect, opt);
 		else {
 			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -1455,24 +1546,20 @@ static const char *format_time(unsigned long time, const char *tz_str,
 			       int show_raw_time)
 {
 	static char time_buf[128];
-	time_t t = time;
-	int minutes, tz;
-	struct tm *tm;
+	const char *time_str;
+	int time_len;
+	int tz;
 
 	if (show_raw_time) {
 		sprintf(time_buf, "%lu %s", time, tz_str);
-		return time_buf;
 	}
-
-	tz = atoi(tz_str);
-	minutes = tz < 0 ? -tz : tz;
-	minutes = (minutes / 100)*60 + (minutes % 100);
-	minutes = tz < 0 ? -minutes : minutes;
-	t = time + minutes * 60;
-	tm = gmtime(&t);
-
-	strftime(time_buf, sizeof(time_buf), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S ", tm);
-	strcat(time_buf, tz_str);
+	else {
+		tz = atoi(tz_str);
+		time_str = show_date(time, tz, blame_date_mode);
+		time_len = strlen(time_str);
+		memcpy(time_buf, time_str, time_len);
+		memset(time_buf + time_len, ' ', blame_date_width - time_len);
+	}
 	return time_buf;
 }
 
@@ -1483,6 +1570,7 @@ static const char *format_time(unsigned long time, const char *tz_str,
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME	020
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER	040
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE      0100
+#define OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR       0200
 
 static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent)
 {
@@ -1498,24 +1586,8 @@ static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent)
 	       ent->s_lno + 1,
 	       ent->lno + 1,
 	       ent->num_lines);
-	if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
-		struct commit_info ci;
-		suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
-		get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-		printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-		printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
-		printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-		printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-		printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-		printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
-		printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-		printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
-		printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
-		if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			printf("boundary\n");
-	}
-	else if (suspect->commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH)
+	if (emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect) ||
+	    (suspect->commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH))
 		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
 
 	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
@@ -1554,7 +1626,7 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 		if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) {
 			if (blank_boundary)
 				memset(hex, ' ', length);
-			else if (!cmd_is_annotate) {
+			else if (!(opt & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT)) {
 				length--;
 				putchar('^');
 			}
@@ -1577,10 +1649,16 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 			if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER)
 				printf(" %*d", max_orig_digits,
 				       ent->s_lno + 1 + cnt);
-			printf(" (%-*.*s %10s %*d) ",
-			       longest_author, longest_author, ci.author,
-			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz,
-					   show_raw_time),
+
+			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR)) {
+				int pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
+				       ci.author, pad, "",
+				       format_time(ci.author_time,
+						   ci.author_tz,
+						   show_raw_time));
+			}
+			printf(" %*d) ",
 			       max_digits, ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		}
 		do {
@@ -1636,7 +1714,7 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
 	while (len--) {
 		if (bol) {
 			sb->lineno = xrealloc(sb->lineno,
-					      sizeof(int* ) * (num + 1));
+					      sizeof(int *) * (num + 1));
 			sb->lineno[num] = buf - sb->final_buf;
 			bol = 0;
 		}
@@ -1646,7 +1724,7 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
 		}
 	}
 	sb->lineno = xrealloc(sb->lineno,
-			      sizeof(int* ) * (num + incomplete + 1));
+			      sizeof(int *) * (num + incomplete + 1));
 	sb->lineno[num + incomplete] = buf - sb->final_buf;
 	sb->num_lines = num + incomplete;
 	return sb->num_lines;
@@ -1654,7 +1732,7 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
 
 /*
  * Add phony grafts for use with -S; this is primarily to
- * support git-cvsserver that wants to give a linear history
+ * support git's cvsserver that wants to give a linear history
  * to its clients.
  */
 static int read_ancestry(const char *graft_file)
@@ -1679,11 +1757,11 @@ static int read_ancestry(const char *graft_file)
  */
 static int lineno_width(int lines)
 {
-        int i, width;
+	int i, width;
 
-        for (width = 1, i = 10; i <= lines + 1; width++)
-                i *= 10;
-        return width;
+	for (width = 1, i = 10; i <= lines + 1; width++)
+		i *= 10;
+	return width;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1710,7 +1788,7 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			num = strlen(ci.author);
+			num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
@@ -1747,36 +1825,6 @@ static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct scoreboard *sb)
 			baa = 1;
 		}
 	}
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		/* Mark the ones that haven't been checked */
-		if (0 < ent->suspect->refcnt)
-			ent->suspect->refcnt = -ent->suspect->refcnt;
-	}
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		/*
-		 * ... then pick each and see if they have the the
-		 * correct refcnt.
-		 */
-		int found;
-		struct blame_entry *e;
-		struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
-
-		if (0 < suspect->refcnt)
-			continue;
-		suspect->refcnt = -suspect->refcnt; /* Unmark */
-		for (found = 0, e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next) {
-			if (e->suspect != suspect)
-				continue;
-			found++;
-		}
-		if (suspect->refcnt != found) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s has refcnt %d, not %d\n",
-				ent->suspect->path,
-				sha1_to_hex(ent->suspect->commit->object.sha1),
-				ent->suspect->refcnt, found);
-			baa = 2;
-		}
-	}
 	if (baa) {
 		int opt = 0160;
 		find_alignment(sb, &opt);
@@ -1789,7 +1837,7 @@ static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct scoreboard *sb)
  * Used for the command line parsing; check if the path exists
  * in the working tree.
  */
-static int has_path_in_work_tree(const char *path)
+static int has_string_in_work_tree(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	return !lstat(path, &st);
@@ -1806,9 +1854,7 @@ static unsigned parse_score(const char *arg)
 
 static const char *add_prefix(const char *prefix, const char *path)
 {
-	if (!prefix || !prefix[0])
-		return path;
-	return prefix_path(prefix, strlen(prefix), path);
+	return prefix_path(prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0, path);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1853,7 +1899,7 @@ static const char *parse_loc(const char *spec,
 		return spec;
 
 	/* it could be a regexp of form /.../ */
-	for (term = (char*) spec + 1; *term && *term != '/'; term++) {
+	for (term = (char *) spec + 1; *term && *term != '/'; term++) {
 		if (*term == '\\')
 			term++;
 	}
@@ -1908,7 +1954,7 @@ static void prepare_blame_range(struct scoreboard *sb,
 		usage(blame_usage);
 }
 
-static int git_blame_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_blame_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.showroot")) {
 		show_root = git_config_bool(var, value);
@@ -1918,19 +1964,27 @@ static int git_blame_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		blank_boundary = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.date")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		blame_date_mode = parse_date_format(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Prepare a dummy commit that represents the work tree (or staged) item.
+ * Note that annotating work tree item never works in the reverse.
+ */
 static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *contents_from)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct origin *origin;
 	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
-	char *buf;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *ident;
-	int fd;
 	time_t now;
-	unsigned long fin_size;
 	int size, len;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	unsigned mode;
@@ -1954,28 +2008,23 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 
 		if (contents_from) {
 			if (stat(contents_from, &st) < 0)
-				die("Cannot stat %s", contents_from);
+				die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", contents_from);
 			read_from = contents_from;
 		}
 		else {
 			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die("Cannot lstat %s", path);
+				die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", path);
 			read_from = path;
 		}
-		fin_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-		buf = xmalloc(fin_size+1);
 		mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
 		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case S_IFREG:
-			fd = open(read_from, O_RDONLY);
-			if (fd < 0)
-				die("cannot open %s", read_from);
-			if (read_in_full(fd, buf, fin_size) != fin_size)
-				die("cannot read %s", read_from);
+			if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
+				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
 			break;
 		case S_IFLNK:
-			if (readlink(read_from, buf, fin_size+1) != fin_size)
-				die("cannot readlink %s", read_from);
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", read_from);
 			break;
 		default:
 			die("unsupported file type %s", read_from);
@@ -1984,26 +2033,14 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 	else {
 		/* Reading from stdin */
 		contents_from = "standard input";
-		buf = NULL;
-		fin_size = 0;
 		mode = 0;
-		while (1) {
-			ssize_t cnt = 8192;
-			buf = xrealloc(buf, fin_size + cnt);
-			cnt = xread(0, buf + fin_size, cnt);
-			if (cnt < 0)
-				die("read error %s from stdin",
-				    strerror(errno));
-			if (!cnt)
-				break;
-			fin_size += cnt;
-		}
-		buf = xrealloc(buf, fin_size + 1);
+		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("failed to read from stdin");
 	}
-	buf[fin_size] = 0;
-	origin->file.ptr = buf;
-	origin->file.size = fin_size;
-	pretend_sha1_file(buf, fin_size, OBJ_BLOB, origin->blob_sha1);
+	convert_to_git(path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf, 0);
+	origin->file.ptr = buf.buf;
+	origin->file.size = buf.len;
+	pretend_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, OBJ_BLOB, origin->blob_sha1);
 	commit->util = origin;
 
 	/*
@@ -2019,7 +2056,7 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 	if (!mode) {
 		int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
 		if (0 <= pos)
-			mode = ntohl(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode);
+			mode = active_cache[pos]->ce_mode;
 		else
 			/* Let's not bother reading from HEAD tree */
 			mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
@@ -2041,7 +2078,7 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 
 	commit->buffer = xmalloc(400);
 	ident = fmt_ident("Not Committed Yet", "not.committed.yet", NULL, 0);
-	sprintf(commit->buffer,
+	snprintf(commit->buffer, 400,
 		"tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
 		"parent %s\n"
 		"author %s\n"
@@ -2052,6 +2089,108 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 	return commit;
 }
 
+static const char *prepare_final(struct scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+
+	/*
+	 * There must be one and only one positive commit in the
+	 * revs->pending array.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
+		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
+		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
+		if (sb->final)
+			die("More than one commit to dig from %s and %s?",
+			    revs->pending.objects[i].name,
+			    final_commit_name);
+		sb->final = (struct commit *) obj;
+		final_commit_name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
+	}
+	return final_commit_name;
+}
+
+static const char *prepare_initial(struct scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+
+	/*
+	 * There must be one and only one negative commit, and it must be
+	 * the boundary.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
+		if (!(obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
+			continue;
+		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
+		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
+		if (sb->final)
+			die("More than one commit to dig down to %s and %s?",
+			    revs->pending.objects[i].name,
+			    final_commit_name);
+		sb->final = (struct commit *) obj;
+		final_commit_name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
+	}
+	if (!final_commit_name)
+		die("No commit to dig down to?");
+	return final_commit_name;
+}
+
+static int blame_copy_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *opt = option->value;
+
+	/*
+	 * -C enables copy from removed files;
+	 * -C -C enables copy from existing files, but only
+	 *       when blaming a new file;
+	 * -C -C -C enables copy from existing files for
+	 *          everybody
+	 */
+	if (*opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER)
+		*opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST;
+	if (*opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY)
+		*opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER;
+	*opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY | PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE;
+
+	if (arg)
+		blame_copy_score = parse_score(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int blame_move_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *opt = option->value;
+
+	*opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE;
+
+	if (arg)
+		blame_move_score = parse_score(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int blame_bottomtop_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	const char **bottomtop = option->value;
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (*bottomtop)
+		die("More than one '-L n,m' option given");
+	*bottomtop = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -2059,92 +2198,104 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct scoreboard sb;
 	struct origin *o;
 	struct blame_entry *ent;
-	int i, seen_dashdash, unk, opt;
-	long bottom, top, lno;
-	int output_option = 0;
-	int show_stats = 0;
-	const char *revs_file = NULL;
+	long dashdash_pos, bottom, top, lno;
 	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
 	enum object_type type;
-	const char *bottomtop = NULL;
-	const char *contents_from = NULL;
 
-	cmd_is_annotate = !strcmp(argv[0], "annotate");
+	static const char *bottomtop = NULL;
+	static int output_option = 0, opt = 0;
+	static int show_stats = 0;
+	static const char *revs_file = NULL;
+	static const char *contents_from = NULL;
+	static const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "incremental", &incremental, "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', NULL, &blank_boundary, "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "show-stats", &show_stats, "Show work cost statistics"),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "score-debug", &output_option, "Show output score for blame entries", OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE),
+		OPT_BIT('f', "show-name", &output_option, "Show original filename (Default: auto)", OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME),
+		OPT_BIT('n', "show-number", &output_option, "Show original linenumber (Default: off)", OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER),
+		OPT_BIT('p', "porcelain", &output_option, "Show in a format designed for machine consumption", OUTPUT_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BIT('c', NULL, &output_option, "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)", OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT),
+		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &output_option, "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP),
+		OPT_BIT('l', NULL, &output_option, "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)", OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME),
+		OPT_BIT('s', NULL, &output_option, "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR),
+		OPT_BIT('w', NULL, &xdl_opts, "Ignore whitespace differences", XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE),
+		OPT_STRING('S', NULL, &revs_file, "file", "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "contents", &contents_from, "file", "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', NULL, &opt, "score", "Find line copies within and across files", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_copy_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'M', NULL, &opt, "score", "Find line movements within and across files", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_move_callback },
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, &bottomtop, "n,m", "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1", blame_bottomtop_callback),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
+	int cmd_is_annotate = !strcmp(argv[0], "annotate");
+
+	git_config(git_blame_config, NULL);
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	revs.date_mode = blame_date_mode;
 
-	git_config(git_blame_config);
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-
-	opt = 0;
-	seen_dashdash = 0;
-	for (unk = i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (*arg != '-')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp("-b", arg))
-			blank_boundary = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("--root", arg))
-			show_root = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-stats"))
-			show_stats = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("-c", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT;
-		else if (!strcmp("-t", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP;
-		else if (!strcmp("-l", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME;
-		else if (!strcmp("-S", arg) && ++i < argc)
-			revs_file = argv[i];
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-M")) {
-			opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE;
-			blame_move_score = parse_score(arg+2);
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C")) {
-			if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY)
-				opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER;
-			opt |= PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY | PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE;
-			blame_copy_score = parse_score(arg+2);
+	dashdash_pos = 0;
+
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+	for (;;) {
+		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, blame_opt_usage)) {
+		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+			exit(129);
+		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
+			if (ctx.argv[0])
+				dashdash_pos = ctx.cpidx;
+			goto parse_done;
 		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-L")) {
-			if (!arg[2]) {
-				if (++i >= argc)
-					usage(blame_usage);
-				arg = argv[i];
-			}
-			else
-				arg += 2;
-			if (bottomtop)
-				die("More than one '-L n,m' option given");
-			bottomtop = arg;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp("--contents", arg)) {
-			if (++i >= argc)
-				usage(blame_usage);
-			contents_from = argv[i];
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp("--incremental", arg))
-			incremental = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("--score-debug", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE;
-		else if (!strcmp("-f", arg) ||
-			 !strcmp("--show-name", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME;
-		else if (!strcmp("-n", arg) ||
-			 !strcmp("--show-number", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER;
-		else if (!strcmp("-p", arg) ||
-			 !strcmp("--porcelain", arg))
-			output_option |= OUTPUT_PORCELAIN;
-		else if (!strcmp("--", arg)) {
-			seen_dashdash = 1;
-			i++;
-			break;
+
+		if (!strcmp(ctx.argv[0], "--reverse")) {
+			ctx.argv[0] = "--children";
+			reverse = 1;
 		}
-		else
-			argv[unk++] = arg;
+		parse_revision_opt(&revs, &ctx, options, blame_opt_usage);
 	}
+parse_done:
+	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
-	if (!incremental)
-		setup_pager();
+	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
+		die_errno("reading graft file '%s' failed", revs_file);
+
+	if (cmd_is_annotate) {
+		output_option |= OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT;
+		blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+	} else {
+		blame_date_mode = revs.date_mode;
+	}
+
+	/* The maximum width used to show the dates */
+	switch (blame_date_mode) {
+	case DATE_RFC2822:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu, 19 Oct 2006 16:00:04 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_ISO8601:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("2006-10-19 16:00:04 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_RAW:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("1161298804 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_SHORT:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("2006-10-19");
+		break;
+	case DATE_RELATIVE:
+		/* "normal" is used as the fallback for "relative" */
+	case DATE_LOCAL:
+	case DATE_NORMAL:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu Oct 19 16:00:04 2006 -0700");
+		break;
+	}
+	blame_date_width -= 1; /* strip the null */
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+		opt |= (PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY | PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE |
+			PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER);
 
 	if (!blame_move_score)
 		blame_move_score = BLAME_DEFAULT_MOVE_SCORE;
@@ -2158,114 +2309,59 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 *
 	 * The remaining are:
 	 *
-	 * (1) if seen_dashdash, its either
-	 *     "-options -- <path>" or
-	 *     "-options -- <path> <rev>".
-	 *     but the latter is allowed only if there is no
-	 *     options that we passed to revision machinery.
+	 * (1) if dashdash_pos != 0, its either
+	 *     "blame [revisions] -- <path>" or
+	 *     "blame -- <path> <rev>"
 	 *
-	 * (2) otherwise, we may have "--" somewhere later and
-	 *     might be looking at the first one of multiple 'rev'
-	 *     parameters (e.g. " master ^next ^maint -- path").
-	 *     See if there is a dashdash first, and give the
-	 *     arguments before that to revision machinery.
-	 *     After that there must be one 'path'.
+	 * (2) otherwise, its one of the two:
+	 *     "blame [revisions] <path>"
+	 *     "blame <path> <rev>"
 	 *
-	 * (3) otherwise, its one of the three:
-	 *     "-options <path> <rev>"
-	 *     "-options <rev> <path>"
-	 *     "-options <path>"
-	 *     but again the first one is allowed only if
-	 *     there is no options that we passed to revision
-	 *     machinery.
+	 * Note that we must strip out <path> from the arguments: we do not
+	 * want the path pruning but we may want "bottom" processing.
 	 */
-
-	if (seen_dashdash) {
-		/* (1) */
-		if (argc <= i)
-			usage(blame_usage);
-		path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[i]);
-		if (i + 1 == argc - 1) {
-			if (unk != 1)
-				usage(blame_usage);
-			argv[unk++] = argv[i + 1];
+	if (dashdash_pos) {
+		switch (argc - dashdash_pos - 1) {
+		case 2: /* (1b) */
+			if (argc != 4)
+				usage_with_options(blame_opt_usage, options);
+			/* reorder for the new way: <rev> -- <path> */
+			argv[1] = argv[3];
+			argv[3] = argv[2];
+			argv[2] = "--";
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		case 1: /* (1a) */
+			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[--argc]);
+			argv[argc] = NULL;
+			break;
+		default:
+			usage_with_options(blame_opt_usage, options);
 		}
-		else if (i + 1 != argc)
-			/* garbage at end */
-			usage(blame_usage);
-	}
-	else {
-		int j;
-		for (j = i; !seen_dashdash && j < argc; j++)
-			if (!strcmp(argv[j], "--"))
-				seen_dashdash = j;
-		if (seen_dashdash) {
-			/* (2) */
-			if (seen_dashdash + 1 != argc - 1)
-				usage(blame_usage);
-			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[seen_dashdash + 1]);
-			for (j = i; j < seen_dashdash; j++)
-				argv[unk++] = argv[j];
+	} else {
+		if (argc < 2)
+			usage_with_options(blame_opt_usage, options);
+		path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[argc - 1]);
+		if (argc == 3 && !has_string_in_work_tree(path)) { /* (2b) */
+			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[1]);
+			argv[1] = argv[2];
 		}
-		else {
-			/* (3) */
-			if (argc <= i)
-				usage(blame_usage);
-			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[i]);
-			if (i + 1 == argc - 1) {
-				final_commit_name = argv[i + 1];
-
-				/* if (unk == 1) we could be getting
-				 * old-style
-				 */
-				if (unk == 1 && !has_path_in_work_tree(path)) {
-					path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[i + 1]);
-					final_commit_name = argv[i];
-				}
-			}
-			else if (i != argc - 1)
-				usage(blame_usage); /* garbage at end */
+		argv[argc - 1] = "--";
 
-			if (!has_path_in_work_tree(path))
-				die("cannot stat path %s: %s",
-				    path, strerror(errno));
-		}
+		setup_work_tree();
+		if (!has_string_in_work_tree(path))
+			die_errno("cannot stat path '%s'", path);
 	}
 
-	if (final_commit_name)
-		argv[unk++] = final_commit_name;
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we got rev and path.  We do not want the path pruning
-	 * but we may want "bottom" processing.
-	 */
-	argv[unk++] = "--"; /* terminate the rev name */
-	argv[unk] = NULL;
-
-	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-	setup_revisions(unk, argv, &revs, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 	memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));
 
-	/*
-	 * There must be one and only one positive commit in the
-	 * revs->pending array.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object *obj = revs.pending.objects[i].item;
-		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
-		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-			die("Non commit %s?",
-			    revs.pending.objects[i].name);
-		if (sb.final)
-			die("More than one commit to dig from %s and %s?",
-			    revs.pending.objects[i].name,
-			    final_commit_name);
-		sb.final = (struct commit *) obj;
-		final_commit_name = revs.pending.objects[i].name;
-	}
+	sb.revs = &revs;
+	if (!reverse)
+		final_commit_name = prepare_final(&sb);
+	else if (contents_from)
+		die("--contents and --children do not blend well.");
+	else
+		final_commit_name = prepare_initial(&sb);
 
 	if (!sb.final) {
 		/*
@@ -2273,6 +2369,7 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * do not default to HEAD, but use the working tree
 		 * or "--contents".
 		 */
+		setup_work_tree();
 		sb.final = fake_working_tree_commit(path, contents_from);
 		add_pending_object(&revs, &(sb.final->object), ":");
 	}
@@ -2284,7 +2381,8 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * bottom commits we would reach while traversing as
 	 * uninteresting.
 	 */
-	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(sb.final->object.sha1)) {
 		char *buf;
@@ -2301,6 +2399,10 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		sb.final_buf = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type,
 					      &sb.final_buf_size);
+		if (!sb.final_buf)
+			die("Cannot read blob %s for path %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(o->blob_sha1),
+			    path);
 	}
 	num_read_blob++;
 	lno = prepare_lines(&sb);
@@ -2329,11 +2431,12 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	sb.ent = ent;
 	sb.path = path;
 
-	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
-		die("reading graft file %s failed: %s",
-		    revs_file, strerror(errno));
+	read_mailmap(&mailmap, NULL);
+
+	if (!incremental)
+		setup_pager();
 
-	assign_blame(&sb, &revs, opt);
+	assign_blame(&sb, opt);
 
 	if (incremental)
 		return 0;
diff --git a/builtin-branch.c b/builtin-branch.c
index 7408285050..1a03d5f356 100644
--- a/builtin-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-branch.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Builtin "git branch"
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2006 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2006 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
  * Based on git-branch.sh by Junio C Hamano.
  */
 
@@ -10,71 +10,83 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_branch_usage[] = {
+	"git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]",
+	"git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]",
+	"git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>",
+	"git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static const char builtin_branch_usage[] =
-  "git-branch [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname> | [--track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>] | (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch> | [--color | --no-color] [-r | -a] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]";
-
-#define REF_UNKNOWN_TYPE    0x00
 #define REF_LOCAL_BRANCH    0x01
 #define REF_REMOTE_BRANCH   0x02
-#define REF_TAG             0x04
 
 static const char *head;
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 
-static int branch_track_remotes;
-
-static int branch_use_color;
+static int branch_use_color = -1;
 static char branch_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"\033[m",	/* reset */
-	"",		/* PLAIN (normal) */
-	"\033[31m",	/* REMOTE (red) */
-	"",		/* LOCAL (normal) */
-	"\033[32m",	/* CURRENT (green) */
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* REMOTE */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* LOCAL */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* CURRENT */
 };
 enum color_branch {
-	COLOR_BRANCH_RESET = 0,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN = 1,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE = 2,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL = 3,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT = 4,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN = 1,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE = 2,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL = 3,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT = 4,
 };
 
+static enum merge_filter {
+	NO_FILTER = 0,
+	SHOW_NOT_MERGED,
+	SHOW_MERGED,
+} merge_filter;
+static unsigned char merge_filter_ref[20];
+
 static int parse_branch_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "plain"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "reset"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_RESET;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_RESET;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "remote"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "local"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "current"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
 	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
 }
 
-int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "color.branch")) {
-		branch_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
+		branch_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "color.branch.")) {
 		int slot = parse_branch_color_slot(var, 13);
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		color_parse(value, var, branch_colors[slot]);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(var, "branch.autosetupmerge"))
-		branch_track_remotes = git_config_bool(var, value);
-
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-const char *branch_get_color(enum color_branch ix)
+static const char *branch_get_color(enum color_branch ix)
 {
-	if (branch_use_color)
+	if (branch_use_color > 0)
 		return branch_colors[ix];
 	return "";
 }
@@ -87,6 +99,7 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 	const char *fmt, *remote;
 	int i;
 	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	switch (kinds) {
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
@@ -107,21 +120,21 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 		if (!head_rev)
 			die("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD");
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, argv[i])) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
+		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
+		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
 			error("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
-				"which you are currently on.", argv[i]);
+			      "which you are currently on.", bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (name)
-			free(name);
+		free(name);
 
-		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, argv[i]));
+		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, bname.buf));
 		if (!resolve_ref(name, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
 			error("%sbranch '%s' not found.",
-					remote, argv[i]);
+					remote, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -140,64 +153,112 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 
 		if (!force &&
 		    !in_merge_bases(rev, &head_rev, 1)) {
-			error("The branch '%s' is not a strict subset of "
-				"your current HEAD.\n"
-				"If you are sure you want to delete it, "
-				"run 'git branch -D %s'.", argv[i], argv[i]);
+			error("The branch '%s' is not an ancestor of "
+			      "your current HEAD.\n"
+			      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
+			      "run 'git branch -D %s'.", bname.buf, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (delete_ref(name, sha1)) {
+		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, 0)) {
 			error("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'", remote,
-			       argv[i]);
+			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
-		} else
-			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s.\n", remote, argv[i]);
-
+		} else {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n", remote,
+			       bname.buf,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", bname.buf);
+			if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
+				warning("Update of config-file failed");
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (name)
-		free(name);
+	free(name);
 
 	return(ret);
 }
 
 struct ref_item {
 	char *name;
-	unsigned int kind;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *dest;
+	unsigned int kind, len;
+	struct commit *commit;
 };
 
 struct ref_list {
-	int index, alloc, maxwidth;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	int index, alloc, maxwidth, verbose, abbrev;
 	struct ref_item *list;
+	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 	int kinds;
 };
 
+static char *resolve_symref(const char *src, const char *prefix)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int flag;
+	const char *dst, *cp;
+
+	dst = resolve_ref(src, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	if (!(dst && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)))
+		return NULL;
+	if (prefix && (cp = skip_prefix(dst, prefix)))
+		dst = cp;
+	return xstrdup(dst);
+}
+
 static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct ref_list *ref_list = (struct ref_list*)(cb_data);
 	struct ref_item *newitem;
-	int kind = REF_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
-	int len;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int kind, i;
+	const char *prefix, *orig_refname = refname;
+
+	static struct {
+		int kind;
+		const char *prefix;
+		int pfxlen;
+	} ref_kind[] = {
+		{ REF_LOCAL_BRANCH, "refs/heads/", 11 },
+		{ REF_REMOTE_BRANCH, "refs/remotes/", 13 },
+	};
 
 	/* Detect kind */
-	if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/")) {
-		kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-		refname += 11;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes/")) {
-		kind = REF_REMOTE_BRANCH;
-		refname += 13;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/tags/")) {
-		kind = REF_TAG;
-		refname += 10;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind); i++) {
+		prefix = ref_kind[i].prefix;
+		if (strncmp(refname, prefix, ref_kind[i].pfxlen))
+			continue;
+		kind = ref_kind[i].kind;
+		refname += ref_kind[i].pfxlen;
+		break;
 	}
+	if (ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind) <= i)
+		return 0;
 
 	/* Don't add types the caller doesn't want */
 	if ((kind & ref_list->kinds) == 0)
 		return 0;
 
+	commit = NULL;
+	if (ref_list->verbose || ref_list->with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+		if (!commit)
+			return error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
+
+		/* Filter with with_commit if specified */
+		if (!is_descendant_of(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
+			add_pending_object(&ref_list->revs,
+					   (struct object *)commit, refname);
+	}
+
 	/* Resize buffer */
 	if (ref_list->index >= ref_list->alloc) {
 		ref_list->alloc = alloc_nr(ref_list->alloc);
@@ -209,10 +270,15 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
 	newitem = &(ref_list->list[ref_list->index++]);
 	newitem->name = xstrdup(refname);
 	newitem->kind = kind;
-	hashcpy(newitem->sha1, sha1);
-	len = strlen(newitem->name);
-	if (len > ref_list->maxwidth)
-		ref_list->maxwidth = len;
+	newitem->commit = commit;
+	newitem->len = strlen(refname);
+	newitem->dest = resolve_symref(orig_refname, prefix);
+	/* adjust for "remotes/" */
+	if (newitem->kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
+	    ref_list->kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
+		newitem->len += 8;
+	if (newitem->len > ref_list->maxwidth)
+		ref_list->maxwidth = newitem->len;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -221,8 +287,10 @@ static void free_ref_list(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_list->index; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < ref_list->index; i++) {
 		free(ref_list->list[i].name);
+		free(ref_list->list[i].dest);
+	}
 	free(ref_list->list);
 }
 
@@ -236,418 +304,342 @@ static int ref_cmp(const void *r1, const void *r2)
 	return strcmp(c1->name, c2->name);
 }
 
+static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name,
+		int show_upstream_ref)
+{
+	int ours, theirs;
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+
+	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
+		if (branch && branch->merge && branch->merge[0]->dst &&
+		    show_upstream_ref)
+			strbuf_addf(stat, "[%s] ",
+			    shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(stat, '[');
+	if (show_upstream_ref)
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "%s: ",
+			shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
+	if (!ours)
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "behind %d] ", theirs);
+	else if (!theirs)
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d] ", ours);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d, behind %d] ", ours, theirs);
+}
+
+static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int is_merged;
+
+	if (merge_filter == NO_FILTER)
+		return 1;
+
+	is_merged = !!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING);
+	return (is_merged == (merge_filter == SHOW_MERGED));
+}
+
 static void print_ref_item(struct ref_item *item, int maxwidth, int verbose,
-			   int abbrev, int current)
+			   int abbrev, int current, char *prefix)
 {
 	char c;
 	int color;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	char subject[256];
+	struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT, name = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!matches_merge_filter(commit))
+		return;
 
 	switch (item->kind) {
 	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
 		break;
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
 		break;
 	default:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
 		break;
 	}
 
 	c = ' ';
 	if (current) {
 		c = '*';
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
 	}
 
-	if (verbose) {
-		commit = lookup_commit(item->sha1);
-		if (commit && !parse_commit(commit))
-			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, ~0,
-					    subject, sizeof(subject), 0,
-					    NULL, NULL, 0);
-		else
-			strcpy(subject, " **** invalid ref ****");
-		printf("%c %s%-*s%s %s %s\n", c, branch_get_color(color),
-		       maxwidth, item->name,
-		       branch_get_color(COLOR_BRANCH_RESET),
-		       find_unique_abbrev(item->sha1, abbrev), subject);
-	} else {
-		printf("%c %s%s%s\n", c, branch_get_color(color), item->name,
-		       branch_get_color(COLOR_BRANCH_RESET));
-	}
-}
-
-static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct ref_list ref_list;
-
-	memset(&ref_list, 0, sizeof(ref_list));
-	ref_list.kinds = kinds;
-	for_each_ref(append_ref, &ref_list);
-
-	qsort(ref_list.list, ref_list.index, sizeof(struct ref_item), ref_cmp);
+	strbuf_addf(&name, "%s%s", prefix, item->name);
+	if (verbose)
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%-*s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
+			    maxwidth, name.buf,
+			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
+			    name.buf, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+
+	if (item->dest)
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " -> %s", item->dest);
+	else if (verbose) {
+		struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *sub = " **** invalid ref ****";
+
+		commit = item->commit;
+		if (commit && !parse_commit(commit)) {
+			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
+					    &subject, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+			sub = subject.buf;
+		}
 
-	detached = (detached && (kinds & REF_LOCAL_BRANCH));
-	if (detached) {
-		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
-		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-		hashcpy(item.sha1, head_sha1);
-		if (strlen(item.name) > ref_list.maxwidth)
-			      ref_list.maxwidth = strlen(item.name);
-		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list.maxwidth, verbose, abbrev, 1);
-		free(item.name);
-	}
+		if (item->kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
+			fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name, verbose > 1);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
-		int current = !detached &&
-			(ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) &&
-			!strcmp(ref_list.list[i].name, head);
-		print_ref_item(&ref_list.list[i], ref_list.maxwidth, verbose,
-			       abbrev, current);
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " %s %s%s",
+			find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
+			stat.buf, sub);
+		strbuf_release(&stat);
+		strbuf_release(&subject);
 	}
-
-	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
+	printf("%s\n", out.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
-static char *config_repo;
-static char *config_remote;
-static const char *start_ref;
-static int start_len;
-static int base_len;
-
-static int get_remote_branch_name(const char *value)
+static int calc_maxwidth(struct ref_list *refs)
 {
-	const char *colon;
-	const char *end;
-
-	if (*value == '+')
-		value++;
-
-	colon = strchr(value, ':');
-	if (!colon)
-		return 0;
-
-	end = value + strlen(value);
-
-	/* Try an exact match first.  */
-	if (!strcmp(colon + 1, start_ref)) {
-		/* Truncate the value before the colon.  */
-		nfasprintf(&config_repo, "%.*s", colon - value, value);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	/* Try with a wildcard match now.  */
-	if (end - value > 2 && end[-2] == '/' && end[-1] == '*' &&
-	    colon - value > 2 && colon[-2] == '/' && colon[-1] == '*' &&
-	    (end - 2) - (colon + 1) == base_len &&
-	    !strncmp(colon + 1, start_ref, base_len)) {
-		/* Replace the star with the remote branch name.  */
-		nfasprintf(&config_repo, "%.*s%s",
-			   (colon - 2) - value, value,
-			   start_ref + base_len);
-		return 1;
+	int i, w = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < refs->index; i++) {
+		if (!matches_merge_filter(refs->list[i].commit))
+			continue;
+		if (refs->list[i].len > w)
+			w = refs->list[i].len;
 	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return w;
 }
 
-static int get_remote_config(const char *key, const char *value)
-{
-	const char *var;
-	if (prefixcmp(key, "remote."))
-		return 0;
-
-	var = strrchr(key, '.');
-	if (var == key + 6)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, ".fetch") && get_remote_branch_name(value))
-		nfasprintf(&config_remote, "%.*s", var - (key + 7), key + 7);
-
-	return 0;
-}
 
-static void set_branch_merge(const char *name, const char *config_remote,
-			     const char *config_repo)
+static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 {
-	char key[1024];
-	if (sizeof(key) <=
-	    snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.remote", name))
-		die("what a long branch name you have!");
-	git_config_set(key, config_remote);
-
-	/*
-	 * We do not have to check if we have enough space for
-	 * the 'merge' key, since it's shorter than the
-	 * previous 'remote' key, which we already checked.
-	 */
-	snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.merge", name);
-	git_config_set(key, config_repo);
-}
-
-static void set_branch_defaults(const char *name, const char *real_ref)
-{
-	const char *slash = strrchr(real_ref, '/');
+	struct commit *head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(head_sha1, 1);
 
-	if (!slash)
-		return;
-
-	start_ref = real_ref;
-	start_len = strlen(real_ref);
-	base_len = slash - real_ref;
-	git_config(get_remote_config);
-	if (!config_repo && !config_remote &&
-	    !prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
-		set_branch_merge(name, ".", real_ref);
-		printf("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s.\n",
-		       name, real_ref);
-	}
-
-	if (config_repo && config_remote) {
-		set_branch_merge(name, config_remote, config_repo);
-		printf("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s.\n",
-		       name, real_ref);
+	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
+		struct ref_item item;
+		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
+		item.len = strlen(item.name);
+		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
+		item.dest = NULL;
+		item.commit = head_commit;
+		if (item.len > ref_list->maxwidth)
+			ref_list->maxwidth = item.len;
+		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list->maxwidth, ref_list->verbose, ref_list->abbrev, 1, "");
+		free(item.name);
 	}
-
-	if (config_repo)
-		free(config_repo);
-	if (config_remote)
-		free(config_remote);
 }
 
-static void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
-			  int force, int reflog, int track)
+static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *real_ref, ref[PATH_MAX], msg[PATH_MAX + 20];
-	int forcing = 0;
-
-	snprintf(ref, sizeof ref, "refs/heads/%s", name);
-	if (check_ref_format(ref))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid branch name.", name);
-
-	if (resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-		if (!force)
-			die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", name);
-		else if (!is_bare_repository() && !strcmp(head, name))
-			die("Cannot force update the current branch.");
-		forcing = 1;
-	}
-
-	real_ref = NULL;
-	if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+	int i;
+	struct ref_list ref_list;
 
-	switch (dwim_ref(start_name, strlen(start_name), sha1, &real_ref)) {
-	case 0:
-		/* Not branching from any existing branch */
-		real_ref = NULL;
-		break;
-	case 1:
-		/* Unique completion -- good */
-		break;
-	default:
-		die("Ambiguous object name: '%s'.", start_name);
-		break;
+	memset(&ref_list, 0, sizeof(ref_list));
+	ref_list.kinds = kinds;
+	ref_list.verbose = verbose;
+	ref_list.abbrev = abbrev;
+	ref_list.with_commit = with_commit;
+	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
+		init_revisions(&ref_list.revs, NULL);
+	for_each_rawref(append_ref, &ref_list);
+	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
+		struct commit *filter;
+		filter = lookup_commit_reference_gently(merge_filter_ref, 0);
+		filter->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+		add_pending_object(&ref_list.revs,
+				   (struct object *) filter, "");
+		ref_list.revs.limited = 1;
+		prepare_revision_walk(&ref_list.revs);
+		if (verbose)
+			ref_list.maxwidth = calc_maxwidth(&ref_list);
 	}
 
-	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
-		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start_name);
-	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
-
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, NULL);
-	if (!lock)
-		die("Failed to lock ref for update: %s.", strerror(errno));
-
-	if (reflog)
-		log_all_ref_updates = 1;
-
-	if (forcing)
-		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Reset from %s",
-			 start_name);
-	else
-		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Created from %s",
-			 start_name);
+	qsort(ref_list.list, ref_list.index, sizeof(struct ref_item), ref_cmp);
 
-	/* When branching off a remote branch, set up so that git-pull
-	   automatically merges from there.  So far, this is only done for
-	   remotes registered via .git/config.  */
-	if (real_ref && track)
-		set_branch_defaults(name, real_ref);
+	detached = (detached && (kinds & REF_LOCAL_BRANCH));
+	if (detached)
+		show_detached(&ref_list);
 
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
-		die("Failed to write ref: %s.", strerror(errno));
+	for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
+		int current = !detached &&
+			(ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) &&
+			!strcmp(ref_list.list[i].name, head);
+		char *prefix = (kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
+				ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
+				? "remotes/" : "";
+		print_ref_item(&ref_list.list[i], ref_list.maxwidth, verbose,
+			       abbrev, current, prefix);
+	}
 
-	if (real_ref)
-		free(real_ref);
+	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
 }
 
 static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 {
-	char oldref[PATH_MAX], newref[PATH_MAX], logmsg[PATH_MAX*2 + 100];
+	struct strbuf oldref = STRBUF_INIT, newref = STRBUF_INIT, logmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char oldsection[PATH_MAX], newsection[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf oldsection = STRBUF_INIT, newsection = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int recovery = 0;
 
 	if (!oldname)
 		die("cannot rename the current branch while not on any.");
 
-	if (snprintf(oldref, sizeof(oldref), "refs/heads/%s", oldname) > sizeof(oldref))
-		die("Old branchname too long");
-
-	if (check_ref_format(oldref))
-		die("Invalid branch name: %s", oldref);
-
-	if (snprintf(newref, sizeof(newref), "refs/heads/%s", newname) > sizeof(newref))
-		die("New branchname too long");
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&oldref, oldname)) {
+		/*
+		 * Bad name --- this could be an attempt to rename a
+		 * ref that we used to allow to be created by accident.
+		 */
+		if (resolve_ref(oldref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
+			recovery = 1;
+		else
+			die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", oldname);
+	}
 
-	if (check_ref_format(newref))
-		die("Invalid branch name: %s", newref);
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&newref, newname))
+		die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", newname);
 
-	if (resolve_ref(newref, sha1, 1, NULL) && !force)
-		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newname);
+	if (resolve_ref(newref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL) && !force)
+		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newref.buf + 11);
 
-	snprintf(logmsg, sizeof(logmsg), "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
-		 oldref, newref);
+	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
+		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
 
-	if (rename_ref(oldref, newref, logmsg))
+	if (rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
 		die("Branch rename failed");
+	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
+
+	if (recovery)
+		warning("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away", oldref.buf + 11);
 
 	/* no need to pass logmsg here as HEAD didn't really move */
-	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref, NULL))
+	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref.buf, NULL))
 		die("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!", newname);
 
-	snprintf(oldsection, sizeof(oldsection), "branch.%s", oldref + 11);
-	snprintf(newsection, sizeof(newsection), "branch.%s", newref + 11);
-	if (git_config_rename_section(oldsection, newsection) < 0)
+	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", oldref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_release(&oldref);
+	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", newref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_release(&newref);
+	if (git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
 		die("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed");
+	strbuf_release(&oldsection);
+	strbuf_release(&newsection);
+}
+
+static int opt_parse_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	merge_filter = ((opt->long_name[0] == 'n')
+			? SHOW_NOT_MERGED
+			: SHOW_MERGED);
+	if (unset)
+		merge_filter = SHOW_NOT_MERGED; /* b/c for --no-merged */
+	if (!arg)
+		arg = "HEAD";
+	if (get_sha1(arg, merge_filter_ref))
+		die("malformed object name %s", arg);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int delete = 0, force_delete = 0, force_create = 0;
-	int rename = 0, force_rename = 0;
+	int delete = 0, rename = 0, force_create = 0;
 	int verbose = 0, abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV, detached = 0;
-	int reflog = 0, track;
+	int reflog = 0;
+	enum branch_track track;
 	int kinds = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-	int i;
-
-	git_config(git_branch_config);
-	track = branch_track_remotes;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--track")) {
-			track = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-track")) {
-			track = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-d")) {
-			delete = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-D")) {
-			delete = 1;
-			force_delete = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-f")) {
-			force_create = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
-			rename = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-M")) {
-			rename = 1;
-			force_rename = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-r")) {
-			kinds = REF_REMOTE_BRANCH;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-a")) {
-			kinds = REF_REMOTE_BRANCH | REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-l")) {
-			reflog = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--no-abbrev")) {
-			abbrev = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-			abbrev = strtoul(arg + 9, NULL, 10);
-			if (abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-				abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-			else if (abbrev > 40)
-				abbrev = 40;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			verbose = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--color")) {
-			branch_use_color = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color")) {
-			branch_use_color = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(builtin_branch_usage);
-	}
-
-	if ((delete && rename) || (delete && force_create) ||
-	    (rename && force_create))
-		usage(builtin_branch_usage);
-
-	head = xstrdup(resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL));
+	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("Generic options"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))",
+			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "color",  &branch_use_color, "use colored output"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('r', NULL,     &kinds, "act on remote-tracking branches",
+			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH),
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
+			"print only branches that contain the commit",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+		},
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, "commit",
+			"print only branches that contain the commit",
+			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+		},
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+
+		OPT_GROUP("Specific git-branch actions:"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('a', NULL, &kinds, "list both remote-tracking and local branches",
+			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH | REF_LOCAL_BRANCH),
+		OPT_BIT('d', NULL, &delete, "delete fully merged branch", 1),
+		OPT_BIT('D', NULL, &delete, "delete branch (even if not merged)", 2),
+		OPT_BIT('m', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch and its reflog", 1),
+		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch, even if target exists", 2),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &reflog, "create the branch's reflog"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "no-merged", &merge_filter_ref,
+			"commit", "print only not merged branches",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+		},
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "merged", &merge_filter_ref,
+			"commit", "print only merged branches",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+		},
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_branch_config, NULL);
+
+	if (branch_use_color == -1)
+		branch_use_color = git_use_color_default;
+
+	track = git_branch_track;
+
+	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	if (!head)
 		die("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref.");
+	head = xstrdup(head);
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
 		detached = 1;
-	}
-	else {
+	} else {
 		if (prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
 			die("HEAD not found below refs/heads!");
 		head += 11;
 	}
+	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_branch_usage,
+			     0);
+	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!force_create > 1)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
 	if (delete)
-		return delete_branches(argc - i, argv + i, force_delete, kinds);
-	else if (i == argc)
-		print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev);
-	else if (rename && (i == argc - 1))
-		rename_branch(head, argv[i], force_rename);
-	else if (rename && (i == argc - 2))
-		rename_branch(argv[i], argv[i + 1], force_rename);
-	else if (i == argc - 1 || i == argc - 2)
-		create_branch(argv[i], (i == argc - 2) ? argv[i+1] : head,
+		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, kinds);
+	else if (argc == 0)
+		print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev, with_commit);
+	else if (rename && (argc == 1))
+		rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
+	else if (rename && (argc == 2))
+		rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
+	else if (argc <= 2)
+		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
 			      force_create, reflog, track);
 	else
-		usage(builtin_branch_usage);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-bundle.c b/builtin-bundle.c
index d1635a0a6b..9b58152047 100644
--- a/builtin-bundle.c
+++ b/builtin-bundle.c
@@ -1,338 +1,20 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "object.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "diff.h"
-#include "revision.h"
-#include "list-objects.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
+#include "bundle.h"
 
 /*
  * Basic handler for bundle files to connect repositories via sneakernet.
  * Invocation must include action.
  * This function can create a bundle or provide information on an existing
- * bundle supporting git-fetch, git-pull, and git-ls-remote
+ * bundle supporting "fetch", "pull", and "ls-remote".
  */
 
-static const char *bundle_usage="git-bundle (create <bundle> <git-rev-list args> | verify <bundle> | list-heads <bundle> [refname]... | unbundle <bundle> [refname]... )";
-
-static const char bundle_signature[] = "# v2 git bundle\n";
-
-struct ref_list {
-	unsigned int nr, alloc;
-	struct ref_list_entry {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		char *name;
-	} *list;
-};
-
-static void add_to_ref_list(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name,
-		struct ref_list *list)
-{
-	if (list->nr + 1 >= list->alloc) {
-		list->alloc = alloc_nr(list->nr + 1);
-		list->list = xrealloc(list->list,
-				list->alloc * sizeof(list->list[0]));
-	}
-	memcpy(list->list[list->nr].sha1, sha1, 20);
-	list->list[list->nr].name = xstrdup(name);
-	list->nr++;
-}
-
-struct bundle_header {
-	struct ref_list prerequisites;
-	struct ref_list references;
-};
-
-/* this function returns the length of the string */
-static int read_string(int fd, char *buffer, int size)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
-		int count = xread(fd, buffer + i, 1);
-		if (count < 0)
-			return error("Read error: %s", strerror(errno));
-		if (count == 0) {
-			i--;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (buffer[i] == '\n')
-			break;
-	}
-	buffer[i + 1] = '\0';
-	return i + 1;
-}
-
-/* returns an fd */
-static int read_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header) {
-	char buffer[1024];
-	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return error("could not open '%s'", path);
-	if (read_string(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) < 0 ||
-			strcmp(buffer, bundle_signature)) {
-		close(fd);
-		return error("'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file", path);
-	}
-	while (read_string(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0
-			&& buffer[0] != '\n') {
-		int is_prereq = buffer[0] == '-';
-		int offset = is_prereq ? 1 : 0;
-		int len = strlen(buffer);
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct ref_list *list = is_prereq ? &header->prerequisites
-			: &header->references;
-		char delim;
-
-		if (buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-			buffer[len - 1] = '\0';
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer + offset, sha1)) {
-			warning("unrecognized header: %s", buffer);
-			continue;
-		}
-		delim = buffer[40 + offset];
-		if (!isspace(delim) && (delim != '\0' || !is_prereq))
-			die ("invalid header: %s", buffer);
-		add_to_ref_list(sha1, isspace(delim) ?
-				buffer + 41 + offset : "", list);
-	}
-	return fd;
-}
-
-static int list_refs(struct ref_list *r, int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
-		if (argc > 1) {
-			int j;
-			for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
-				if (!strcmp(r->list[i].name, argv[j]))
-					break;
-			if (j == argc)
-				continue;
-		}
-		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(r->list[i].sha1),
-				r->list[i].name);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#define PREREQ_MARK (1u<<16)
-
-static int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Do fast check, then if any prereqs are missing then go line by line
-	 * to be verbose about the errors
-	 */
-	struct ref_list *p = &header->prerequisites;
-	struct rev_info revs;
-	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all"};
-	struct object_array refs;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int i, ret = 0, req_nr;
-	const char *message = "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:";
-
-	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
-		struct ref_list_entry *e = p->list + i;
-		struct object *o = parse_object(e->sha1);
-		if (o) {
-			o->flags |= PREREQ_MARK;
-			add_pending_object(&revs, o, e->name);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (++ret == 1)
-			error(message);
-		error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(e->sha1), e->name);
-	}
-	if (revs.pending.nr != p->nr)
-		return ret;
-	req_nr = revs.pending.nr;
-	setup_revisions(2, argv, &revs, NULL);
-
-	memset(&refs, 0, sizeof(struct object_array));
-	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object_array_entry *e = revs.pending.objects + i;
-		add_object_array(e->item, e->name, &refs);
-	}
-
-	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
-
-	i = req_nr;
-	while (i && (commit = get_revision(&revs)))
-		if (commit->object.flags & PREREQ_MARK)
-			i--;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < req_nr; i++)
-		if (!(refs.objects[i].item->flags & SHOWN)) {
-			if (++ret == 1)
-				error(message);
-			error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(refs.objects[i].item->sha1),
-				refs.objects[i].name);
-		}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < refs.nr; i++)
-		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)refs.objects[i].item, -1);
-
-	if (verbose) {
-		struct ref_list *r;
-
-		r = &header->references;
-		printf("The bundle contains %d ref%s\n",
-		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
-		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
-		r = &header->prerequisites;
-		printf("The bundle requires these %d ref%s\n",
-		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
-		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int list_heads(struct bundle_header *header, int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	return list_refs(&header->references, argc, argv);
-}
-
-static int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
-		int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	int bundle_fd = -1;
-	const char **argv_boundary = xmalloc((argc + 4) * sizeof(const char *));
-	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(5 * sizeof(const char *));
-	int i, ref_count = 0;
-	char buffer[1024];
-	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct child_process rls;
-
-	bundle_fd = (!strcmp(path, "-") ? 1 :
-			open(path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666));
-	if (bundle_fd < 0)
-		return error("Could not create '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
-
-	/* write signature */
-	write_or_die(bundle_fd, bundle_signature, strlen(bundle_signature));
-
-	/* init revs to list objects for pack-objects later */
-	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-
-	/* write prerequisites */
-	memcpy(argv_boundary + 3, argv + 1, argc * sizeof(const char *));
-	argv_boundary[0] = "rev-list";
-	argv_boundary[1] = "--boundary";
-	argv_boundary[2] = "--pretty=oneline";
-	argv_boundary[argc + 2] = NULL;
-	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
-	rls.argv = argv_boundary;
-	rls.out = -1;
-	rls.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&rls))
-		return -1;
-	while ((i = read_string(rls.out, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (buffer[0] == '-') {
-			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buffer, i);
-			if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer + 1, sha1)) {
-				struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
-				object->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-				add_pending_object(&revs, object, buffer);
-			}
-		} else if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1)) {
-			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
-			object->flags |= SHOWN;
-		}
-	}
-	if (finish_command(&rls))
-		return error("rev-list died");
-
-	/* write references */
-	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
-	if (argc > 1)
-		return error("unrecognized argument: %s'", argv[1]);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object_array_entry *e = revs.pending.objects + i;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		char *ref;
-
-		if (e->item->flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &ref) != 1)
-			continue;
-		/*
-		 * Make sure the refs we wrote out is correct; --max-count and
-		 * other limiting options could have prevented all the tips
-		 * from getting output.
-		 */
-		if (!(e->item->flags & SHOWN)) {
-			warning("ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options",
-				e->name);
-			continue;
-		}
-		ref_count++;
-		write_or_die(bundle_fd, sha1_to_hex(e->item->sha1), 40);
-		write_or_die(bundle_fd, " ", 1);
-		write_or_die(bundle_fd, ref, strlen(ref));
-		write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
-		free(ref);
-	}
-	if (!ref_count)
-		die ("Refusing to create empty bundle.");
-
-	/* end header */
-	write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
-
-	/* write pack */
-	argv_pack[0] = "pack-objects";
-	argv_pack[1] = "--all-progress";
-	argv_pack[2] = "--stdout";
-	argv_pack[3] = "--thin";
-	argv_pack[4] = NULL;
-	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
-	rls.argv = argv_pack;
-	rls.in = -1;
-	rls.out = bundle_fd;
-	rls.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&rls))
-		return error("Could not spawn pack-objects");
-	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object *object = revs.pending.objects[i].item;
-		if (object->flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			write(rls.in, "^", 1);
-		write(rls.in, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1), 40);
-		write(rls.in, "\n", 1);
-	}
-	if (finish_command(&rls))
-		return error ("pack-objects died");
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd,
-		int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	const char *argv_index_pack[] = {"index-pack",
-		"--fix-thin", "--stdin", NULL};
-	struct child_process ip;
-
-	if (verify_bundle(header, 0))
-		return -1;
-	memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
-	ip.argv = argv_index_pack;
-	ip.in = bundle_fd;
-	ip.no_stdout = 1;
-	ip.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (run_command(&ip))
-		return error("index-pack died");
-	return list_heads(header, argc, argv);
-}
+static const char *bundle_usage="git bundle (create <bundle> <git rev-list args> | verify <bundle> | list-heads <bundle> [refname]... | unbundle <bundle> [refname]... )";
 
 int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct bundle_header header;
-	int nongit = 0;
+	int nongit;
 	const char *cmd, *bundle_file;
 	int bundle_fd = -1;
 	char buffer[PATH_MAX];
@@ -352,8 +34,8 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
-	if (strcmp(cmd, "create") &&
-			(bundle_fd = read_header(bundle_file, &header)) < 0)
+	if (strcmp(cmd, "create") && (bundle_fd =
+				read_bundle_header(bundle_file, &header)) < 0)
 		return 1;
 
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "verify")) {
@@ -365,7 +47,7 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "list-heads")) {
 		close(bundle_fd);
-		return !!list_heads(&header, argc, argv);
+		return !!list_bundle_refs(&header, argc, argv);
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
 		if (nongit)
@@ -374,7 +56,8 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "unbundle")) {
 		if (nongit)
 			die("Need a repository to unbundle.");
-		return !!unbundle(&header, bundle_fd, argc, argv);
+		return !!unbundle(&header, bundle_fd) ||
+			list_bundle_refs(&header, argc, argv);
 	} else
 		usage(bundle_usage);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-cat-file.c b/builtin-cat-file.c
index d61d3d5b74..5906842008 100644
--- a/builtin-cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin-cat-file.c
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+#define BATCH 1
+#define BATCH_CHECK 2
 
 static void pprint_tag(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
@@ -76,26 +80,15 @@ static void pprint_tag(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *buf, unsigned long
 		write_or_die(1, cp, endp - cp);
 }
 
-int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
-	int opt;
-
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-	if (argc != 3)
-		usage("git-cat-file [-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>] <sha1>");
-	if (get_sha1(argv[2], sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[2]);
-
-	opt = 0;
-	if ( argv[1][0] == '-' ) {
-		opt = argv[1][1];
-		if ( !opt || argv[1][2] )
-			opt = -1; /* Not a single character option */
-	}
+
+	if (get_sha1(obj_name, sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name %s", obj_name);
 
 	buf = NULL;
 	switch (opt) {
@@ -121,15 +114,17 @@ int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	case 'p':
 		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
-			die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[2]);
+			die("Not a valid object name %s", obj_name);
 
 		/* custom pretty-print here */
-		if (type == OBJ_TREE)
-			return cmd_ls_tree(2, argv + 1, NULL);
+		if (type == OBJ_TREE) {
+			const char *ls_args[3] = {"ls-tree", obj_name, NULL};
+			return cmd_ls_tree(2, ls_args, NULL);
+		}
 
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
-			die("Cannot read object %s", argv[2]);
+			die("Cannot read object %s", obj_name);
 		if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			pprint_tag(sha1, buf, size);
 			return 0;
@@ -138,16 +133,125 @@ int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* otherwise just spit out the data */
 		break;
 	case 0:
-		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, argv[1], &size, NULL);
+		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, exp_type, &size, NULL);
 		break;
 
 	default:
-		die("git-cat-file: unknown option: %s\n", argv[1]);
+		die("git cat-file: unknown option: %s", exp_type);
 	}
 
 	if (!buf)
-		die("git-cat-file %s: bad file", argv[2]);
+		die("git cat-file %s: bad file", obj_name);
 
 	write_or_die(1, buf, size);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static int batch_one_object(const char *obj_name, int print_contents)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	enum object_type type = 0;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *contents = contents;
+
+	if (!obj_name)
+	   return 1;
+
+	if (get_sha1(obj_name, sha1)) {
+		printf("%s missing\n", obj_name);
+		fflush(stdout);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (print_contents == BATCH)
+		contents = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	else
+		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &size);
+
+	if (type <= 0) {
+		printf("%s missing\n", obj_name);
+		fflush(stdout);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	printf("%s %s %lu\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type), size);
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (print_contents == BATCH) {
+		write_or_die(1, contents, size);
+		printf("\n");
+		fflush(stdout);
+		free(contents);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int batch_objects(int print_contents)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		int error = batch_one_object(buf.buf, print_contents);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char * const cat_file_usage[] = {
+	"git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>) <object>",
+	"git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int opt = 0, batch = 0;
+	const char *exp_type = NULL, *obj_name = NULL;
+
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', NULL, &opt, "show object type", 't'),
+		OPT_SET_INT('s', NULL, &opt, "show object size", 's'),
+		OPT_SET_INT('e', NULL, &opt,
+			    "exit with zero when there's no error", 'e'),
+		OPT_SET_INT('p', NULL, &opt, "pretty-print object's content", 'p'),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "batch", &batch,
+			    "show info and content of objects feeded on stdin", BATCH),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "batch-check", &batch,
+			    "show info about objects feeded on stdin",
+			    BATCH_CHECK),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	if (argc != 3 && argc != 2)
+		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, cat_file_usage, 0);
+
+	if (opt) {
+		if (argc == 1)
+			obj_name = argv[0];
+		else
+			usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+	}
+	if (!opt && !batch) {
+		if (argc == 2) {
+			exp_type = argv[0];
+			obj_name = argv[1];
+		} else
+			usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+	}
+	if (batch && (opt || argc)) {
+		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	if (batch)
+		return batch_objects(batch);
+
+	return cat_one_file(opt, exp_type, obj_name);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-check-attr.c b/builtin-check-attr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bd0430098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-check-attr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static int stdin_paths;
+static const char * const check_attr_usage[] = {
+"git check-attr attr... [--] pathname...",
+"git check-attr --stdin attr... < <list-of-paths>",
+NULL
+};
+
+static int null_term_line;
+
+static const struct option check_attr_options[] = {
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0 , "stdin", &stdin_paths, "read file names from stdin"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', NULL, &null_term_line,
+		"input paths are terminated by a null character"),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static void check_attr(int cnt, struct git_attr_check *check,
+	const char** name, const char *file)
+{
+	int j;
+	if (git_checkattr(file, cnt, check))
+		die("git_checkattr died");
+	for (j = 0; j < cnt; j++) {
+		const char *value = check[j].value;
+
+		if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
+			value = "set";
+		else if (ATTR_FALSE(value))
+			value = "unset";
+		else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
+			value = "unspecified";
+
+		quote_c_style(file, NULL, stdout, 0);
+		printf(": %s: %s\n", name[j], value);
+	}
+}
+
+static void check_attr_stdin_paths(int cnt, struct git_attr_check *check,
+	const char** name)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf, nbuf;
+	int line_termination = null_term_line ? 0 : '\n';
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&nbuf, 0);
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
+		if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+				die("line is badly quoted");
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+		}
+		check_attr(cnt, check, name, buf.buf);
+		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+}
+
+int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check *check;
+	int cnt, i, doubledash;
+	const char *errstr = NULL;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, check_attr_options,
+			     check_attr_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	if (!argc)
+		usage_with_options(check_attr_usage, check_attr_options);
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0) {
+		die("invalid cache");
+	}
+
+	doubledash = -1;
+	for (i = 0; doubledash < 0 && i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
+			doubledash = i;
+	}
+
+	/* If there is no double dash, we handle only one attribute */
+	if (doubledash < 0) {
+		cnt = 1;
+		doubledash = 0;
+	} else
+		cnt = doubledash;
+	doubledash++;
+
+	if (cnt <= 0)
+		errstr = "No attribute specified";
+	else if (stdin_paths && doubledash < argc)
+		errstr = "Can't specify files with --stdin";
+	if (errstr) {
+		error("%s", errstr);
+		usage_with_options(check_attr_usage, check_attr_options);
+	}
+
+	check = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*check));
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name;
+		struct git_attr *a;
+		name = argv[i];
+		a = git_attr(name, strlen(name));
+		if (!a)
+			return error("%s: not a valid attribute name", name);
+		check[i].attr = a;
+	}
+
+	if (stdin_paths)
+		check_attr_stdin_paths(cnt, check, argv);
+	else {
+		for (i = doubledash; i < argc; i++)
+			check_attr(cnt, check, argv, argv[i]);
+		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-check-ref-format.c b/builtin-check-ref-format.c
index fe04be77a9..f9381e07ea 100644
--- a/builtin-check-ref-format.c
+++ b/builtin-check-ref-format.c
@@ -5,10 +5,19 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 int cmd_check_ref_format(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--branch")) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&sb, argv[2]))
+			die("'%s' is not a valid branch name", argv[2]);
+		printf("%s\n", sb.buf + 11);
+		exit(0);
+	}
 	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git-check-ref-format refname");
+		usage("git check-ref-format refname");
 	return !!check_ref_format(argv[1]);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-checkout-index.c b/builtin-checkout-index.c
index 8460f97b66..a7a5ee10f3 100644
--- a/builtin-checkout-index.c
+++ b/builtin-checkout-index.c
@@ -5,26 +5,26 @@
  *
  * Careful: order of argument flags does matter. For example,
  *
- *	git-checkout-index -a -f file.c
+ *	git checkout-index -a -f file.c
  *
  * Will first check out all files listed in the cache (but not
  * overwrite any old ones), and then force-checkout "file.c" a
  * second time (ie that one _will_ overwrite any old contents
  * with the same filename).
  *
- * Also, just doing "git-checkout-index" does nothing. You probably
- * meant "git-checkout-index -a". And if you want to force it, you
- * want "git-checkout-index -f -a".
+ * Also, just doing "git checkout-index" does nothing. You probably
+ * meant "git checkout-index -a". And if you want to force it, you
+ * want "git checkout-index -f -a".
  *
  * Intuitiveness is not the goal here. Repeatability is. The
  * reason for the "no arguments means no work" thing is that
  * from scripts you are supposed to be able to do things like
  *
- *	find . -name '*.h' -print0 | xargs -0 git-checkout-index -f --
+ *	find . -name '*.h' -print0 | xargs -0 git checkout-index -f --
  *
  * or:
  *
- *	find . -name '*.h' -print0 | git-checkout-index -f -z --stdin
+ *	find . -name '*.h' -print0 | git checkout-index -f -z --stdin
  *
  * which will force all existing *.h files to be replaced with
  * their cached copies. If an empty command line implied "all",
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
  * of "-a" causing problems (not possible in the above example,
  * but get used to it in scripting!).
  */
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define CHECKOUT_ALL 4
 static int line_termination = '\n';
@@ -66,9 +67,7 @@ static void write_tempfile_record(const char *name, int prefix_length)
 		fputs(topath[checkout_stage], stdout);
 
 	putchar('\t');
-	write_name_quoted("", 0, name + prefix_length,
-		line_termination, stdout);
-	putchar(line_termination);
+	write_name_quoted(name + prefix_length, stdout, line_termination);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 		topath[i][0] = 0;
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ static int checkout_file(const char *name, int prefix_length)
 	}
 
 	if (!state.quiet) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "git-checkout-index: %s ", name);
+		fprintf(stderr, "git checkout-index: %s ", name);
 		if (!has_same_name)
 			fprintf(stderr, "is not in the cache");
 		else if (checkout_stage)
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ static int checkout_file(const char *name, int prefix_length)
 static void checkout_all(const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
 {
 	int i, errs = 0;
-	struct cache_entry* last_ce = NULL;
+	struct cache_entry *last_ce = NULL;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr ; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
@@ -155,11 +154,58 @@ static void checkout_all(const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
 		exit(128);
 }
 
-static const char checkout_cache_usage[] =
-"git-checkout-index [-u] [-q] [-a] [-f] [-n] [--stage=[123]|all] [--prefix=<string>] [--temp] [--] <file>...";
+static const char * const builtin_checkout_index_usage[] = {
+	"git checkout-index [options] [--] <file>...",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
+static int option_parse_u(const struct option *opt,
+			      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *newfd = opt->value;
+
+	state.refresh_cache = 1;
+	if (*newfd < 0)
+		*newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		line_termination = '\n';
+	else
+		line_termination = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_prefix(const struct option *opt,
+			       const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	state.base_dir = arg;
+	state.base_dir_len = strlen(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_stage(const struct option *opt,
+			      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "all")) {
+		to_tempfile = 1;
+		checkout_stage = CHECKOUT_ALL;
+	} else {
+		int ch = arg[0];
+		if ('1' <= ch && ch <= '3')
+			checkout_stage = arg[0] - '0';
+		else
+			die("stage should be between 1 and 3 or all");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -167,8 +213,35 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int all = 0;
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length;
+	int force = 0, quiet = 0, not_new = 0;
+	struct option builtin_checkout_index_options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all,
+			"checks out all files in the index"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
+			"forces overwrite of existing files"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-create", &not_new,
+			"don't checkout new files"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'u', "index", &newfd, NULL,
+			"update stat information in the index file",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_u },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin,
+			"read list of paths from the standard input"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "temp", &to_tempfile,
+			"write the content to temporary files"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "prefix", NULL, "string",
+			"when creating files, prepend <string>",
+			option_parse_prefix),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "stage", NULL, NULL,
+			"copy out the files from named stage",
+			option_parse_stage),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	state.base_dir = "";
 	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 
@@ -176,122 +249,59 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die("invalid cache");
 	}
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-a") || !strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-			all = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-f") || !strcmp(arg, "--force")) {
-			state.force = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-q") || !strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
-			state.quiet = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-n") || !strcmp(arg, "--no-create")) {
-			state.not_new = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-u") || !strcmp(arg, "--index")) {
-			state.refresh_cache = 1;
-			if (newfd < 0)
-				newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-z")) {
-			line_termination = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stdin")) {
-			if (i != argc - 1)
-				die("--stdin must be at the end");
-			read_from_stdin = 1;
-			i++; /* do not consider arg as a file name */
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--temp")) {
-			to_tempfile = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--prefix=")) {
-			state.base_dir = arg+9;
-			state.base_dir_len = strlen(state.base_dir);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--stage=")) {
-			if (!strcmp(arg + 8, "all")) {
-				to_tempfile = 1;
-				checkout_stage = CHECKOUT_ALL;
-			} else {
-				int ch = arg[8];
-				if ('1' <= ch && ch <= '3')
-					checkout_stage = arg[8] - '0';
-				else
-					die("stage should be between 1 and 3 or all");
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (arg[0] == '-')
-			usage(checkout_cache_usage);
-		break;
-	}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_checkout_index_options,
+			builtin_checkout_index_usage, 0);
+	state.force = force;
+	state.quiet = quiet;
+	state.not_new = not_new;
 
 	if (state.base_dir_len || to_tempfile) {
 		/* when --prefix is specified we do not
 		 * want to update cache.
 		 */
 		if (state.refresh_cache) {
-			close(newfd); newfd = -1;
 			rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+			newfd = -1;
 		}
 		state.refresh_cache = 0;
 	}
 
 	/* Check out named files first */
-	for ( ; i < argc; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		const char *p;
 
 		if (all)
-			die("git-checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and explicit filenames");
+			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and explicit filenames");
 		if (read_from_stdin)
-			die("git-checkout-index: don't mix '--stdin' and explicit filenames");
+			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--stdin' and explicit filenames");
 		p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		checkout_file(p, prefix_length);
 		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
-		struct strbuf buf;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 		if (all)
-			die("git-checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and '--stdin'");
-		strbuf_init(&buf);
-		while (1) {
-			char *path_name;
-			const char *p;
+			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and '--stdin'");
 
-			read_line(&buf, stdin, line_termination);
-			if (buf.eof)
-				break;
-			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"')
-				path_name = unquote_c_style(buf.buf, NULL);
-			else
-				path_name = buf.buf;
-			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path_name);
+		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
+			const char *p;
+			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+				strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+				if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+					die("line is badly quoted");
+				strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+			}
+			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, buf.buf);
 			checkout_file(p, prefix_length);
-			if (p < path_name || p > path_name + strlen(path_name))
+			if (p < buf.buf || p > buf.buf + buf.len)
 				free((char *)p);
-			if (path_name != buf.buf)
-				free(path_name);
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	if (all)
@@ -299,7 +309,7 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (0 <= newfd &&
 	    (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	     close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(&lock_file)))
+	     commit_locked_index(&lock_file)))
 		die("Unable to write new index file");
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-checkout.c b/builtin-checkout.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a9a474218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-checkout.c
@@ -0,0 +1,749 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+
+static const char * const checkout_usage[] = {
+	"git checkout [options] <branch>",
+	"git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>...",
+	NULL,
+};
+
+struct checkout_opts {
+	int quiet;
+	int merge;
+	int force;
+	int writeout_stage;
+	int writeout_error;
+
+	const char *new_branch;
+	int new_branch_log;
+	enum branch_track track;
+};
+
+static int post_checkout_hook(struct commit *old, struct commit *new,
+			      int changed)
+{
+	return run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout",
+			sha1_to_hex(old ? old->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
+			sha1_to_hex(new ? new->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
+			changed ? "1" : "0", NULL);
+	/* "new" can be NULL when checking out from the index before
+	   a commit exists. */
+
+}
+
+static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
+		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+
+	len = baselen + strlen(pathname);
+	ce = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
+	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len - baselen);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, 0);
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_tree_some(struct tree *tree, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, pathspec, update_some, NULL);
+
+	/* update the index with the given tree's info
+	 * for all args, expanding wildcards, and exit
+	 * with any non-zero return code.
+	 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int skip_same_name(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
+{
+	while (++pos < active_nr &&
+	       !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, ce->name))
+		; /* skip */
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static int check_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
+{
+	while (pos < active_nr &&
+	       !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, ce->name)) {
+		if (ce_stage(active_cache[pos]) == stage)
+			return 0;
+		pos++;
+	}
+	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
+		     ce->name,
+		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+}
+
+static int check_all_stages(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
+{
+	if (ce_stage(ce) != 1 ||
+	    active_nr <= pos + 2 ||
+	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+1]->name, ce->name) ||
+	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
+	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, ce->name) ||
+	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
+		return error("path '%s' does not have all three versions",
+			     ce->name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int checkout_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
+			  struct checkout *state)
+{
+	while (pos < active_nr &&
+	       !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, ce->name)) {
+		if (ce_stage(active_cache[pos]) == stage)
+			return checkout_entry(active_cache[pos], state, NULL);
+		pos++;
+	}
+	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
+		     ce->name,
+		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+}
+
+/* NEEDSWORK: share with merge-recursive */
+static void fill_mm(const unsigned char *sha1, mmfile_t *mm)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	if (!hashcmp(sha1, null_sha1)) {
+		mm->ptr = xstrdup("");
+		mm->size = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	mm->ptr = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!mm->ptr || type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		die("unable to read blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	mm->size = size;
+}
+
+static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+	const char *path = ce->name;
+	mmfile_t ancestor, ours, theirs;
+	int status;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	mmbuffer_t result_buf;
+
+	if (ce_stage(ce) != 1 ||
+	    active_nr <= pos + 2 ||
+	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+1]->name, path) ||
+	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
+	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, path) ||
+	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
+		return error("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions", path);
+
+	fill_mm(active_cache[pos]->sha1, &ancestor);
+	fill_mm(active_cache[pos+1]->sha1, &ours);
+	fill_mm(active_cache[pos+2]->sha1, &theirs);
+
+	status = ll_merge(&result_buf, path, &ancestor,
+			  &ours, "ours", &theirs, "theirs", 1);
+	free(ancestor.ptr);
+	free(ours.ptr);
+	free(theirs.ptr);
+	if (status < 0 || !result_buf.ptr) {
+		free(result_buf.ptr);
+		return error("path '%s': cannot merge", path);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK:
+	 * There is absolutely no reason to write this as a blob object
+	 * and create a phony cache entry just to leak.  This hack is
+	 * primarily to get to the write_entry() machinery that massages
+	 * the contents to work-tree format and writes out which only
+	 * allows it for a cache entry.  The code in write_entry() needs
+	 * to be refactored to allow us to feed a <buffer, size, mode>
+	 * instead of a cache entry.  Such a refactoring would help
+	 * merge_recursive as well (it also writes the merge result to the
+	 * object database even when it may contain conflicts).
+	 */
+	if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
+			    blob_type, sha1))
+		die("Unable to add merge result for '%s'", path);
+	ce = make_cache_entry(create_ce_mode(active_cache[pos+1]->ce_mode),
+			      sha1,
+			      path, 2, 0);
+	if (!ce)
+		die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'", path);
+	status = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
+			  struct checkout_opts *opts)
+{
+	int pos;
+	struct checkout state;
+	static char *ps_matched;
+	unsigned char rev[20];
+	int flag;
+	struct commit *head;
+	int errs = 0;
+	int stage = opts->writeout_stage;
+	int merge = opts->merge;
+	int newfd;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+
+	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
+		return error("corrupt index file");
+
+	if (source_tree)
+		read_tree_some(source_tree, pathspec);
+
+	for (pos = 0; pathspec[pos]; pos++)
+		;
+	ps_matched = xcalloc(1, pos);
+
+	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, ps_matched);
+	}
+
+	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, pathspec, 0))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Any unmerged paths? */
+	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+			if (!ce_stage(ce))
+				continue;
+			if (opts->force) {
+				warning("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+			} else if (stage) {
+				errs |= check_stage(stage, ce, pos);
+			} else if (opts->merge) {
+				errs |= check_all_stages(ce, pos);
+			} else {
+				errs = 1;
+				error("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+			}
+			pos = skip_same_name(ce, pos) - 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (errs)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Now we are committed to check them out */
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	state.force = 1;
+	state.refresh_cache = 1;
+	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+			if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
+				errs |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (stage)
+				errs |= checkout_stage(stage, ce, pos, &state);
+			else if (merge)
+				errs |= checkout_merged(pos, &state);
+			pos = skip_same_name(ce, pos) - 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		die("unable to write new index file");
+
+	resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
+	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
+
+	errs |= post_checkout_hook(head, head, 0);
+	return errs;
+}
+
+static void show_local_changes(struct object *head)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	/* I think we want full paths, even if we're in a subdirectory. */
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	rev.abbrev = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
+	if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
+		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	add_pending_object(&rev, head, NULL);
+	run_diff_index(&rev, 0);
+}
+
+static void describe_detached_head(char *msg, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	parse_commit(commit);
+	pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &sb, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s %s... %s\n", msg,
+		find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV), sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static int reset_tree(struct tree *tree, struct checkout_opts *o, int worktree)
+{
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc tree_desc;
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = -1;
+	opts.update = worktree;
+	opts.skip_unmerged = !worktree;
+	opts.reset = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+	opts.verbose_update = !o->quiet;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	parse_tree(tree);
+	init_tree_desc(&tree_desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	switch (unpack_trees(1, &tree_desc, &opts)) {
+	case -2:
+		o->writeout_error = 1;
+		/*
+		 * We return 0 nevertheless, as the index is all right
+		 * and more importantly we have made best efforts to
+		 * update paths in the work tree, and we cannot revert
+		 * them.
+		 */
+	case 0:
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return 128;
+	}
+}
+
+struct branch_info {
+	const char *name; /* The short name used */
+	const char *path; /* The full name of a real branch */
+	struct commit *commit; /* The named commit */
+};
+
+static void setup_branch_path(struct branch_info *branch)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_branchname(&buf, branch->name);
+	if (strcmp(buf.buf, branch->name))
+		branch->name = xstrdup(buf.buf);
+	strbuf_splice(&buf, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
+	branch->path = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
+			      struct branch_info *old, struct branch_info *new)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+	if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
+		return error("corrupt index file");
+
+	if (opts->force) {
+		ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	} else {
+		struct tree_desc trees[2];
+		struct tree *tree;
+		struct unpack_trees_options topts;
+
+		memset(&topts, 0, sizeof(topts));
+		topts.head_idx = -1;
+		topts.src_index = &the_index;
+		topts.dst_index = &the_index;
+
+		topts.msgs.not_uptodate_file = "You have local changes to '%s'; cannot switch branches.";
+
+		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+
+		if (unmerged_cache()) {
+			error("you need to resolve your current index first");
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		/* 2-way merge to the new branch */
+		topts.initial_checkout = is_cache_unborn();
+		topts.update = 1;
+		topts.merge = 1;
+		topts.gently = opts->merge;
+		topts.verbose_update = !opts->quiet;
+		topts.fn = twoway_merge;
+		topts.dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*topts.dir));
+		topts.dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+		topts.dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit->object.sha1);
+		init_tree_desc(&trees[0], tree->buffer, tree->size);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(new->commit->object.sha1);
+		init_tree_desc(&trees[1], tree->buffer, tree->size);
+
+		ret = unpack_trees(2, trees, &topts);
+		if (ret == -1) {
+			/*
+			 * Unpack couldn't do a trivial merge; either
+			 * give up or do a real merge, depending on
+			 * whether the merge flag was used.
+			 */
+			struct tree *result;
+			struct tree *work;
+			struct merge_options o;
+			if (!opts->merge)
+				return 1;
+			parse_commit(old->commit);
+
+			/* Do more real merge */
+
+			/*
+			 * We update the index fully, then write the
+			 * tree from the index, then merge the new
+			 * branch with the current tree, with the old
+			 * branch as the base. Then we reset the index
+			 * (but not the working tree) to the new
+			 * branch, leaving the working tree as the
+			 * merged version, but skipping unmerged
+			 * entries in the index.
+			 */
+
+			add_files_to_cache(NULL, NULL, 0);
+			init_merge_options(&o);
+			o.verbosity = 0;
+			work = write_tree_from_memory(&o);
+
+			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+			o.branch1 = new->name;
+			o.branch2 = "local";
+			merge_trees(&o, new->commit->tree, work,
+				old->commit->tree, &result);
+			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 0);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		die("unable to write new index file");
+
+	if (!opts->force && !opts->quiet)
+		show_local_changes(&new->commit->object);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void report_tracking(struct branch_info *new)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(new->name);
+
+	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb))
+		return;
+	fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
+				   struct branch_info *old,
+				   struct branch_info *new)
+{
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *old_desc;
+	if (opts->new_branch) {
+		create_branch(old->name, opts->new_branch, new->name, 0,
+			      opts->new_branch_log, opts->track);
+		new->name = opts->new_branch;
+		setup_branch_path(new);
+	}
+
+	old_desc = old->name;
+	if (!old_desc && old->commit)
+		old_desc = sha1_to_hex(old->commit->object.sha1);
+	strbuf_addf(&msg, "checkout: moving from %s to %s",
+		    old_desc ? old_desc : "(invalid)", new->name);
+
+	if (new->path) {
+		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
+		if (!opts->quiet) {
+			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path))
+				fprintf(stderr, "Already on '%s'\n",
+					new->name);
+			else
+				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch '%s'\n",
+					opts->new_branch ? " a new" : "",
+					new->name);
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(new->name, "HEAD")) {
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", new->commit->object.sha1, NULL,
+			   REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+		if (!opts->quiet) {
+			if (old->path)
+				fprintf(stderr, "Note: moving to '%s' which isn't a local branch\nIf you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so\n(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>\n", new->name);
+			describe_detached_head("HEAD is now at", new->commit);
+		}
+	}
+	remove_branch_state();
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	if (!opts->quiet && (new->path || !strcmp(new->name, "HEAD")))
+		report_tracking(new);
+}
+
+static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct branch_info old;
+	unsigned char rev[20];
+	int flag;
+	memset(&old, 0, sizeof(old));
+	old.path = resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
+	old.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
+	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		old.path = NULL;
+
+	if (old.path && !prefixcmp(old.path, "refs/heads/"))
+		old.name = old.path + strlen("refs/heads/");
+
+	if (!new->name) {
+		new->name = "HEAD";
+		new->commit = old.commit;
+		if (!new->commit)
+			die("You are on a branch yet to be born");
+		parse_commit(new->commit);
+	}
+
+	if (!old.commit && !opts->force) {
+		if (!opts->quiet) {
+			warning("You appear to be on a branch yet to be born.");
+			warning("Forcing checkout of %s.", new->name);
+		}
+		opts->force = 1;
+	}
+
+	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we were on a detached HEAD, but have now moved to
+	 * a new commit, we want to mention the old commit once more
+	 * to remind the user that it might be lost.
+	 */
+	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
+		describe_detached_head("Previous HEAD position was", old.commit);
+
+	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
+
+	ret = post_checkout_hook(old.commit, new->commit, 1);
+	return ret || opts->writeout_error;
+}
+
+static int git_checkout_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	return git_xmerge_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct checkout_opts opts;
+	unsigned char rev[20];
+	const char *arg;
+	struct branch_info new;
+	struct tree *source_tree = NULL;
+	char *conflict_style = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet),
+		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, "new branch", "branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, "log for new branch"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, "track",
+			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
+		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, "stage",
+			    2),
+		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, "stage",
+			    3),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &opts.force, "force"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, "merge"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, "style",
+			   "conflict style (merge or diff3)"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+	int has_dash_dash;
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
+
+	git_config(git_checkout_config, NULL);
+
+	opts.track = BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+
+	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
+	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
+		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
+		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
+			die ("--track needs a branch name");
+		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "refs/"))
+			argv0 += 5;
+		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "remotes/"))
+			argv0 += 8;
+		argv0 = strchr(argv0, '/');
+		if (!argv0 || !argv0[1])
+			die ("Missing branch name; try -b");
+		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+		opts.track = git_branch_track;
+	if (conflict_style) {
+		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
+		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (opts.force && opts.merge)
+		die("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible");
+
+	/*
+	 * case 1: git checkout <ref> -- [<paths>]
+	 *
+	 *   <ref> must be a valid tree, everything after the '--' must be
+	 *   a path.
+	 *
+	 * case 2: git checkout -- [<paths>]
+	 *
+	 *   everything after the '--' must be paths.
+	 *
+	 * case 3: git checkout <something> [<paths>]
+	 *
+	 *   With no paths, if <something> is a commit, that is to
+	 *   switch to the branch or detach HEAD at it.
+	 *
+	 *   Otherwise <something> shall not be ambiguous.
+	 *   - If it's *only* a reference, treat it like case (1).
+	 *   - If it's only a path, treat it like case (2).
+	 *   - else: fail.
+	 *
+	 */
+	if (argc) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "--")) {       /* case (2) */
+			argv++;
+			argc--;
+			goto no_reference;
+		}
+
+		arg = argv[0];
+		has_dash_dash = (argc > 1) && !strcmp(argv[1], "--");
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
+			arg = "@{-1}";
+
+		if (get_sha1(arg, rev)) {
+			if (has_dash_dash)          /* case (1) */
+				die("invalid reference: %s", arg);
+			goto no_reference;          /* case (3 -> 2) */
+		}
+
+		/* we can't end up being in (2) anymore, eat the argument */
+		argv++;
+		argc--;
+
+		new.name = arg;
+		if ((new.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1))) {
+			setup_branch_path(&new);
+			if (resolve_ref(new.path, rev, 1, NULL))
+				new.commit = lookup_commit_reference(rev);
+			else
+				new.path = NULL;
+			parse_commit(new.commit);
+			source_tree = new.commit->tree;
+		} else
+			source_tree = parse_tree_indirect(rev);
+
+		if (!source_tree)                   /* case (1): want a tree */
+			die("reference is not a tree: %s", arg);
+		if (!has_dash_dash) {/* case (3 -> 1) */
+			/*
+			 * Do not complain the most common case
+			 *	git checkout branch
+			 * even if there happen to be a file called 'branch';
+			 * it would be extremely annoying.
+			 */
+			if (argc)
+				verify_non_filename(NULL, arg);
+		}
+		else {
+			argv++;
+			argc--;
+		}
+	}
+
+no_reference:
+	if (argc) {
+		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+
+		if (!pathspec)
+			die("invalid path specification");
+
+		/* Checkout paths */
+		if (opts.new_branch) {
+			if (argc == 1) {
+				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?", argv[0]);
+			} else {
+				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.");
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (1 < !!opts.writeout_stage + !!opts.force + !!opts.merge)
+			die("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index.");
+
+		return checkout_paths(source_tree, pathspec, &opts);
+	}
+
+	if (opts.new_branch) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&buf, opts.new_branch))
+			die("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name.",
+			    opts.new_branch);
+		if (!get_sha1(buf.buf, rev))
+			die("git checkout: branch %s already exists", opts.new_branch);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+
+	if (new.name && !new.commit) {
+		die("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit.");
+	}
+	if (opts.writeout_stage)
+		die("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches.");
+
+	return switch_branches(&opts, &new);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-clean.c b/builtin-clean.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d8c735d48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-clean.c
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*
+ * "git clean" builtin command
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Bohrer
+ *
+ * Based on git-clean.sh by Pavel Roskin
+ */
+
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+
+static int force = -1; /* unset */
+
+static const char *const builtin_clean_usage[] = {
+	"git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int git_clean_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "clean.requireforce"))
+		force = !git_config_bool(var, value);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	int show_only = 0, remove_directories = 0, quiet = 0, ignored = 0;
+	int ignored_only = 0, baselen = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0;
+	struct strbuf directory = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	static const char **pathspec;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *qname;
+	char *seen = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "force"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &remove_directories,
+				"remove whole directories"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &ignored, "remove ignored files, too"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('X', NULL, &ignored_only,
+				"remove only ignored files"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_clean_config, NULL);
+	if (force < 0)
+		force = 0;
+	else
+		config_set = 1;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_clean_usage,
+			     0);
+
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	if (ignored_only)
+		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+
+	if (ignored && ignored_only)
+		die("-x and -X cannot be used together");
+
+	if (!show_only && !force)
+		die("clean.requireForce%s set and -n or -f not given; "
+		    "refusing to clean", config_set ? "" : " not");
+
+	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
+
+	if (!ignored)
+		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+
+	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+	read_cache();
+
+	fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
+
+	if (pathspec)
+		seen = xmalloc(argc > 0 ? argc : 1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
+		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
+		int len, pos;
+		int matches = 0;
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		struct stat st;
+
+		/*
+		 * Remove the '/' at the end that directory
+		 * walking adds for directory entries.
+		 */
+		len = ent->len;
+		if (len && ent->name[len-1] == '/')
+			len--;
+		pos = cache_name_pos(ent->name, len);
+		if (0 <= pos)
+			continue;	/* exact match */
+		pos = -pos - 1;
+		if (pos < active_nr) {
+			ce = active_cache[pos];
+			if (ce_namelen(ce) == len &&
+			    !memcmp(ce->name, ent->name, len))
+				continue; /* Yup, this one exists unmerged */
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * we might have removed this as part of earlier
+		 * recursive directory removal, so lstat() here could
+		 * fail with ENOENT.
+		 */
+		if (lstat(ent->name, &st))
+			continue;
+
+		if (pathspec) {
+			memset(seen, 0, argc > 0 ? argc : 1);
+			matches = match_pathspec(pathspec, ent->name, len,
+						 baselen, seen);
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&directory, ent->name);
+			qname = quote_path_relative(directory.buf, directory.len, &buf, prefix);
+			if (show_only && (remove_directories ||
+			    (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY))) {
+				printf("Would remove %s\n", qname);
+			} else if (remove_directories ||
+				   (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY)) {
+				if (!quiet)
+					printf("Removing %s\n", qname);
+				if (remove_dir_recursively(&directory, 0) != 0) {
+					warning("failed to remove '%s'", qname);
+					errors++;
+				}
+			} else if (show_only) {
+				printf("Would not remove %s\n", qname);
+			} else {
+				printf("Not removing %s\n", qname);
+			}
+			strbuf_reset(&directory);
+		} else {
+			if (pathspec && !matches)
+				continue;
+			qname = quote_path_relative(ent->name, -1, &buf, prefix);
+			if (show_only) {
+				printf("Would remove %s\n", qname);
+				continue;
+			} else if (!quiet) {
+				printf("Removing %s\n", qname);
+			}
+			if (unlink(ent->name) != 0) {
+				warning("failed to remove '%s'", qname);
+				errors++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	free(seen);
+
+	strbuf_release(&directory);
+	return (errors != 0);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-clone.c b/builtin-clone.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32dea74d78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-clone.c
@@ -0,0 +1,619 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git clone"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>,
+ *		 2008 Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
+ * Based on git-commit.sh by Junio C Hamano and Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ * Clone a repository into a different directory that does not yet exist.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "fetch-pack.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "pack-refs.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+/*
+ * Overall FIXMEs:
+ *  - respect DB_ENVIRONMENT for .git/objects.
+ *
+ * Implementation notes:
+ *  - dropping use-separate-remote and no-separate-remote compatibility
+ *
+ */
+static const char * const builtin_clone_usage[] = {
+	"git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int option_quiet, option_no_checkout, option_bare, option_mirror;
+static int option_local, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared;
+static char *option_template, *option_reference, *option_depth;
+static char *option_origin = NULL;
+static char *option_upload_pack = "git-upload-pack";
+static int option_verbose;
+
+static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
+	OPT__QUIET(&option_quiet),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&option_verbose),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-checkout", &option_no_checkout,
+		    "don't create a checkout"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "bare", &option_bare, "create a bare repository"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "naked", &option_bare, "create a bare repository"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "mirror", &option_mirror,
+		    "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "local", &option_local,
+		    "to clone from a local repository"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-hardlinks", &option_no_hardlinks,
+		    "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "shared", &option_shared,
+		    "setup as shared repository"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, "path",
+		   "path the template repository"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "reference", &option_reference, "repo",
+		   "reference repository"),
+	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, "branch",
+		   "use <branch> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"),
+	OPT_STRING('u', "upload-pack", &option_upload_pack, "path",
+		   "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, "depth",
+		    "create a shallow clone of that depth"),
+
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
+{
+	static char *suffix[] = { "/.git", ".git", "" };
+	static char *bundle_suffix[] = { ".bundle", "" };
+	struct stat st;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(suffix); i++) {
+		const char *path;
+		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, suffix[i]);
+		if (is_directory(path)) {
+			*is_bundle = 0;
+			return xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(path));
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bundle_suffix); i++) {
+		const char *path;
+		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, bundle_suffix[i]);
+		if (!stat(path, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+			*is_bundle = 1;
+			return xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(path));
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static char *guess_dir_name(const char *repo, int is_bundle, int is_bare)
+{
+	const char *end = repo + strlen(repo), *start;
+	char *dir;
+
+	/*
+	 * Strip trailing spaces, slashes and /.git
+	 */
+	while (repo < end && (is_dir_sep(end[-1]) || isspace(end[-1])))
+		end--;
+	if (end - repo > 5 && is_dir_sep(end[-5]) &&
+	    !strncmp(end - 4, ".git", 4)) {
+		end -= 5;
+		while (repo < end && is_dir_sep(end[-1]))
+			end--;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Find last component, but be prepared that repo could have
+	 * the form  "remote.example.com:foo.git", i.e. no slash
+	 * in the directory part.
+	 */
+	start = end;
+	while (repo < start && !is_dir_sep(start[-1]) && start[-1] != ':')
+		start--;
+
+	/*
+	 * Strip .{bundle,git}.
+	 */
+	if (is_bundle) {
+		if (end - start > 7 && !strncmp(end - 7, ".bundle", 7))
+			end -= 7;
+	} else {
+		if (end - start > 4 && !strncmp(end - 4, ".git", 4))
+			end -= 4;
+	}
+
+	if (is_bare) {
+		struct strbuf result = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&result, "%.*s.git", (int)(end - start), start);
+		dir = strbuf_detach(&result, NULL);
+	} else
+		dir = xstrndup(start, end - start);
+	/*
+	 * Replace sequences of 'control' characters and whitespace
+	 * with one ascii space, remove leading and trailing spaces.
+	 */
+	if (*dir) {
+		char *out = dir;
+		int prev_space = 1 /* strip leading whitespace */;
+		for (end = dir; *end; ++end) {
+			char ch = *end;
+			if ((unsigned char)ch < '\x20')
+				ch = '\x20';
+			if (isspace(ch)) {
+				if (prev_space)
+					continue;
+				prev_space = 1;
+			} else
+				prev_space = 0;
+			*out++ = ch;
+		}
+		*out = '\0';
+		if (out > dir && prev_space)
+			out[-1] = '\0';
+	}
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static void strip_trailing_slashes(char *dir)
+{
+	char *end = dir + strlen(dir);
+
+	while (dir < end - 1 && is_dir_sep(end[-1]))
+		end--;
+	*end = '\0';
+}
+
+static void setup_reference(const char *repo)
+{
+	const char *ref_git;
+	char *ref_git_copy;
+
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+	const struct ref *extra;
+
+	ref_git = make_absolute_path(option_reference);
+
+	if (is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git)))
+		ref_git = mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git);
+	else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
+		die("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory.",
+		    option_reference);
+
+	ref_git_copy = xstrdup(ref_git);
+
+	add_to_alternates_file(ref_git_copy);
+
+	remote = remote_get(ref_git_copy);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, ref_git_copy);
+	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); extra;
+	     extra = extra->next)
+		add_extra_ref(extra->name, extra->old_sha1, 0);
+
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
+
+	free(ref_git_copy);
+}
+
+static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	struct dirent *de;
+	struct stat buf;
+	int src_len, dest_len;
+	DIR *dir;
+
+	dir = opendir(src->buf);
+	if (!dir)
+		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", src->buf);
+
+	if (mkdir(dest->buf, 0777)) {
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			die_errno("failed to create directory '%s'", dest->buf);
+		else if (stat(dest->buf, &buf))
+			die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", dest->buf);
+		else if (!S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
+			die("%s exists and is not a directory", dest->buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(src, '/');
+	src_len = src->len;
+	strbuf_addch(dest, '/');
+	dest_len = dest->len;
+
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		strbuf_setlen(src, src_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(src, de->d_name);
+		strbuf_setlen(dest, dest_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(dest, de->d_name);
+		if (stat(src->buf, &buf)) {
+			warning ("failed to stat %s\n", src->buf);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode)) {
+			if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
+				copy_or_link_directory(src, dest);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (unlink(dest->buf) && errno != ENOENT)
+			die_errno("failed to unlink '%s'", dest->buf);
+		if (!option_no_hardlinks) {
+			if (!link(src->buf, dest->buf))
+				continue;
+			if (option_local)
+				die_errno("failed to create link '%s'", dest->buf);
+			option_no_hardlinks = 1;
+		}
+		if (copy_file(dest->buf, src->buf, 0666))
+			die_errno("failed to copy file to '%s'", dest->buf);
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+}
+
+static const struct ref *clone_local(const char *src_repo,
+				     const char *dest_repo)
+{
+	const struct ref *ret;
+	struct strbuf src = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+
+	if (option_shared)
+		add_to_alternates_file(src_repo);
+	else {
+		strbuf_addf(&src, "%s/objects", src_repo);
+		strbuf_addf(&dest, "%s/objects", dest_repo);
+		copy_or_link_directory(&src, &dest);
+		strbuf_release(&src);
+		strbuf_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	remote = remote_get(src_repo);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, src_repo);
+	ret = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char *junk_work_tree;
+static const char *junk_git_dir;
+static pid_t junk_pid;
+
+static void remove_junk(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (getpid() != junk_pid)
+		return;
+	if (junk_git_dir) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_git_dir);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+	if (junk_work_tree) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_work_tree);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_junk_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_junk();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+static struct ref *write_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
+		struct refspec *refspec, const char *reflog)
+{
+	struct ref *local_refs = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &local_refs;
+	struct ref *r;
+
+	get_fetch_map(refs, refspec, &tail, 0);
+	if (!option_mirror)
+		get_fetch_map(refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
+
+	for (r = local_refs; r; r = r->next)
+		add_extra_ref(r->peer_ref->name, r->old_sha1, 0);
+
+	pack_refs(PACK_REFS_ALL);
+	clear_extra_refs();
+
+	return local_refs;
+}
+
+int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int is_bundle = 0;
+	struct stat buf;
+	const char *repo_name, *repo, *work_tree, *git_dir;
+	char *path, *dir;
+	int dest_exists;
+	const struct ref *refs, *head_points_at, *remote_head, *mapped_refs;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT, value = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf branch_top = STRBUF_INIT, reflog_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct transport *transport = NULL;
+	char *src_ref_prefix = "refs/heads/";
+	int err = 0;
+
+	struct refspec *refspec;
+	const char *fetch_pattern;
+
+	junk_pid = getpid();
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_clone_options,
+			     builtin_clone_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc == 0)
+		die("You must specify a repository to clone.");
+
+	if (option_mirror)
+		option_bare = 1;
+
+	if (option_bare) {
+		if (option_origin)
+			die("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible.",
+			    option_origin);
+		option_no_checkout = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!option_origin)
+		option_origin = "origin";
+
+	repo_name = argv[0];
+
+	path = get_repo_path(repo_name, &is_bundle);
+	if (path)
+		repo = xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(repo_name));
+	else if (!strchr(repo_name, ':'))
+		repo = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(repo_name));
+	else
+		repo = repo_name;
+
+	if (argc == 2)
+		dir = xstrdup(argv[1]);
+	else
+		dir = guess_dir_name(repo_name, is_bundle, option_bare);
+	strip_trailing_slashes(dir);
+
+	dest_exists = !stat(dir, &buf);
+	if (dest_exists && !is_empty_dir(dir))
+		die("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
+			"an empty directory.", dir);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&reflog_msg, "clone: from %s", repo);
+
+	if (option_bare)
+		work_tree = NULL;
+	else {
+		work_tree = getenv("GIT_WORK_TREE");
+		if (work_tree && !stat(work_tree, &buf))
+			die("working tree '%s' already exists.", work_tree);
+	}
+
+	if (option_bare || work_tree)
+		git_dir = xstrdup(dir);
+	else {
+		work_tree = dir;
+		git_dir = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.git", dir));
+	}
+
+	if (!option_bare) {
+		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not create leading directories of '%s'",
+				  work_tree);
+		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
+			die_errno("could not create work tree dir '%s'.",
+				  work_tree);
+		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
+	}
+	junk_git_dir = git_dir;
+	atexit(remove_junk);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
+
+	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
+
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
+		die("could not create leading directories of '%s'", git_dir);
+	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
+
+	init_db(option_template, option_quiet ? INIT_DB_QUIET : 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, the config exists, so we do not need the
+	 * environment variable.  We actually need to unset it, too, to
+	 * re-enable parsing of the global configs.
+	 */
+	unsetenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+	if (option_reference)
+		setup_reference(git_dir);
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	if (option_bare) {
+		if (option_mirror)
+			src_ref_prefix = "refs/";
+		strbuf_addstr(&branch_top, src_ref_prefix);
+
+		git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(&branch_top, "refs/remotes/%s/", option_origin);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s*:%s*", src_ref_prefix, branch_top.buf);
+
+	if (option_mirror || !option_bare) {
+		/* Configure the remote */
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", option_origin);
+		git_config_set_multivar(key.buf, value.buf, "^$", 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+
+		if (option_mirror) {
+			strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.mirror", option_origin);
+			git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
+			strbuf_reset(&key);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.url", option_origin);
+		git_config_set(key.buf, repo);
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+	}
+
+	fetch_pattern = value.buf;
+	refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(1, &fetch_pattern);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&value);
+
+	if (path && !is_bundle)
+		refs = clone_local(path, git_dir);
+	else {
+		struct remote *remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
+		transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
+
+		if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
+			die("Don't know how to clone %s", transport->url);
+
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
+
+		if (option_depth)
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH,
+					     option_depth);
+
+		if (option_quiet)
+			transport->verbose = -1;
+		else if (option_verbose)
+			transport->progress = 1;
+
+		if (option_upload_pack)
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK,
+					     option_upload_pack);
+
+		refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+		if(refs)
+			transport_fetch_refs(transport, refs);
+	}
+
+	if (refs) {
+		clear_extra_refs();
+
+		mapped_refs = write_remote_refs(refs, refspec, reflog_msg.buf);
+
+		remote_head = find_ref_by_name(refs, "HEAD");
+		head_points_at = guess_remote_head(remote_head, mapped_refs, 0);
+	}
+	else {
+		warning("You appear to have cloned an empty repository.");
+		head_points_at = NULL;
+		remote_head = NULL;
+		option_no_checkout = 1;
+		if (!option_bare)
+			install_branch_config(0, "master", option_origin,
+					      "refs/heads/master");
+	}
+
+	if (head_points_at) {
+		/* Local default branch link */
+		create_symref("HEAD", head_points_at->name, NULL);
+
+		if (!option_bare) {
+			struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+			const char *head = head_points_at->name;
+
+			if (!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
+				head += 11;
+
+			/* Set up the initial local branch */
+
+			/* Local branch initial value */
+			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
+				   head_points_at->old_sha1,
+				   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+
+			strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top.buf);
+			strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
+
+			/* Remote branch link */
+			create_symref(head_ref.buf,
+				      head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
+				      reflog_msg.buf);
+
+			install_branch_config(0, head, option_origin,
+					      head_points_at->name);
+		}
+	} else if (remote_head) {
+		/* Source had detached HEAD pointing somewhere. */
+		if (!option_bare)
+			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
+				   remote_head->old_sha1,
+				   NULL, REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	} else {
+		/* Nothing to checkout out */
+		if (!option_no_checkout)
+			warning("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
+				"unable to checkout.\n");
+		option_no_checkout = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (transport)
+		transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+
+	if (!option_no_checkout) {
+		struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+		struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+		struct tree *tree;
+		struct tree_desc t;
+		int fd;
+
+		/* We need to be in the new work tree for the checkout */
+		setup_work_tree();
+
+		fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof opts);
+		opts.update = 1;
+		opts.merge = 1;
+		opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+		opts.verbose_update = !option_quiet;
+		opts.src_index = &the_index;
+		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(remote_head->old_sha1);
+		parse_tree(tree);
+		init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+		unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
+
+		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+			die("unable to write new index file");
+
+		err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
+				sha1_to_hex(remote_head->old_sha1), "1", NULL);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&reflog_msg);
+	strbuf_release(&branch_top);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&value);
+	junk_pid = 0;
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-commit-tree.c b/builtin-commit-tree.c
index 4a8d8d8b67..6467077731 100644
--- a/builtin-commit-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-commit-tree.c
@@ -14,37 +14,6 @@
 /*
  * FIXME! Share the code with "write-tree.c"
  */
-static void init_buffer(char **bufp, unsigned int *sizep)
-{
-	char *buf = xmalloc(BLOCKING);
-	*sizep = 0;
-	*bufp = buf;
-}
-
-static void add_buffer(char **bufp, unsigned int *sizep, const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	char one_line[2048];
-	va_list args;
-	int len;
-	unsigned long alloc, size, newsize;
-	char *buf;
-
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(one_line, sizeof(one_line), fmt, args);
-	va_end(args);
-	size = *sizep;
-	newsize = size + len + 1;
-	alloc = (size + 32767) & ~32767;
-	buf = *bufp;
-	if (newsize > alloc) {
-		alloc = (newsize + 32767) & ~32767;
-		buf = xrealloc(buf, alloc);
-		*bufp = buf;
-	}
-	*sizep = newsize - 1;
-	memcpy(buf + size, one_line, len);
-}
-
 static void check_valid(unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type expect)
 {
 	enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
@@ -55,26 +24,20 @@ static void check_valid(unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type expect)
 		    typename(expect));
 }
 
-/*
- * Having more than two parents is not strange at all, and this is
- * how multi-way merges are represented.
- */
-#define MAXPARENT (16)
-static unsigned char parent_sha1[MAXPARENT][20];
+static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree <sha1> [-p <sha1>]* < changelog";
 
-static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git-commit-tree <sha1> [-p <sha1>]* < changelog";
-
-static int new_parent(int idx)
+static void new_parent(struct commit *parent, struct commit_list **parents_p)
 {
-	int i;
-	unsigned char *sha1 = parent_sha1[idx];
-	for (i = 0; i < idx; i++) {
-		if (!hashcmp(parent_sha1[i], sha1)) {
+	unsigned char *sha1 = parent->object.sha1;
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+	for (parents = *parents_p; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+		if (parents->item == parent) {
 			error("duplicate parent %s ignored", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			return 0;
+			return;
 		}
+		parents_p = &parents->next;
 	}
-	return 1;
+	commit_list_insert(parent, parents_p);
 }
 
 static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
@@ -82,72 +45,88 @@ static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
 "You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
 "variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n";
 
-int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int commit_tree(const char *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+		const char *author)
 {
-	int i;
-	int parents = 0;
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
-	char comment[1000];
-	char *buffer;
-	unsigned int size;
+	int result;
 	int encoding_is_utf8;
+	struct strbuf buffer;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	if (argc < 2)
-		usage(commit_tree_usage);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], tree_sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
-
-	check_valid(tree_sha1, OBJ_TREE);
-	for (i = 2; i < argc; i += 2) {
-		const char *a, *b;
-		a = argv[i]; b = argv[i+1];
-		if (!b || strcmp(a, "-p"))
-			usage(commit_tree_usage);
-
-		if (parents >= MAXPARENT)
-			die("Too many parents (%d max)", MAXPARENT);
-		if (get_sha1(b, parent_sha1[parents]))
-			die("Not a valid object name %s", b);
-		check_valid(parent_sha1[parents], OBJ_COMMIT);
-		if (new_parent(parents))
-			parents++;
-	}
+	check_valid(tree, OBJ_TREE);
 
 	/* Not having i18n.commitencoding is the same as having utf-8 */
 	encoding_is_utf8 = is_encoding_utf8(git_commit_encoding);
 
-	init_buffer(&buffer, &size);
-	add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "tree %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
+	strbuf_init(&buffer, 8192); /* should avoid reallocs for the headers */
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "tree %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree));
 
 	/*
 	 * NOTE! This ordering means that the same exact tree merged with a
 	 * different order of parents will be a _different_ changeset even
 	 * if everything else stays the same.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < parents; i++)
-		add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(parent_sha1[i]));
+	while (parents) {
+		struct commit_list *next = parents->next;
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "parent %s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(parents->item->object.sha1));
+		free(parents);
+		parents = next;
+	}
 
 	/* Person/date information */
-	add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "author %s\n", git_author_info(1));
-	add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "committer %s\n", git_committer_info(1));
+	if (!author)
+		author = git_author_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "author %s\n", author);
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "committer %s\n", git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
 	if (!encoding_is_utf8)
-		add_buffer(&buffer, &size,
-				"encoding %s\n", git_commit_encoding);
-	add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "\n");
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "encoding %s\n", git_commit_encoding);
+	strbuf_addch(&buffer, '\n');
 
 	/* And add the comment */
-	while (fgets(comment, sizeof(comment), stdin) != NULL)
-		add_buffer(&buffer, &size, "%s", comment);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buffer, msg);
 
 	/* And check the encoding */
-	buffer[size] = '\0';
-	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !is_utf8(buffer))
+	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !is_utf8(buffer.buf))
 		fprintf(stderr, commit_utf8_warn);
 
-	if (!write_sha1_file(buffer, size, commit_type, commit_sha1)) {
+	result = write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, commit_type, ret);
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	return result;
+}
+
+int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	if (argc < 2)
+		usage(commit_tree_usage);
+	if (get_sha1(argv[1], tree_sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
+
+	for (i = 2; i < argc; i += 2) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *a, *b;
+		a = argv[i]; b = argv[i+1];
+		if (!b || strcmp(a, "-p"))
+			usage(commit_tree_usage);
+
+		if (get_sha1(b, sha1))
+			die("Not a valid object name %s", b);
+		check_valid(sha1, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		new_parent(lookup_commit(sha1), &parents);
+	}
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&buffer, 0, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read");
+
+	if (!commit_tree(buffer.buf, tree_sha1, parents, commit_sha1, NULL)) {
 		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1));
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/builtin-commit.c b/builtin-commit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4bcce06fbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-commit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1031 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git commit"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
+ * Based on git-commit.sh by Junio C Hamano and Linus Torvalds
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_commit_usage[] = {
+	"git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_status_usage[] = {
+	"git status [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static unsigned char head_sha1[20], merge_head_sha1[20];
+static char *use_message_buffer;
+static const char commit_editmsg[] = "COMMIT_EDITMSG";
+static struct lock_file index_lock; /* real index */
+static struct lock_file false_lock; /* used only for partial commits */
+static enum {
+	COMMIT_AS_IS = 1,
+	COMMIT_NORMAL,
+	COMMIT_PARTIAL,
+} commit_style;
+
+static const char *logfile, *force_author;
+static const char *template_file;
+static char *edit_message, *use_message;
+static char *author_name, *author_email, *author_date;
+static int all, edit_flag, also, interactive, only, amend, signoff;
+static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty;
+static char *untracked_files_arg;
+/*
+ * The default commit message cleanup mode will remove the lines
+ * beginning with # (shell comments) and leading and trailing
+ * whitespaces (empty lines or containing only whitespaces)
+ * if editor is used, and only the whitespaces if the message
+ * is specified explicitly.
+ */
+static enum {
+	CLEANUP_SPACE,
+	CLEANUP_NONE,
+	CLEANUP_ALL,
+} cleanup_mode;
+static char *cleanup_arg;
+
+static int use_editor = 1, initial_commit, in_merge;
+static const char *only_include_assumed;
+static struct strbuf message;
+
+static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
+	else {
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, arg);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, "\n\n");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
+
+	OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read log from file"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "AUTHOR", "override author for commit"),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "MESSAGE", "specify commit message", opt_parse_m),
+	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "COMMIT", "reuse and edit message from specified commit "),
+	OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "COMMIT", "reuse message from specified commit"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
+	OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, "use specified template file"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_flag, "force edit of commit"),
+
+	OPT_GROUP("Commit contents options"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, "commit all changed files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "include", &also, "add specified files to index for commit"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, "interactively add files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, "commit only specified files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, "bypass pre-commit hook"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, "amend previous commit"),
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, "ok to record an empty change"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, "default", "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"),
+
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static void rollback_index_files(void)
+{
+	switch (commit_style) {
+	case COMMIT_AS_IS:
+		break; /* nothing to do */
+	case COMMIT_NORMAL:
+		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		break;
+	case COMMIT_PARTIAL:
+		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		rollback_lock_file(&false_lock);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int commit_index_files(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	switch (commit_style) {
+	case COMMIT_AS_IS:
+		break; /* nothing to do */
+	case COMMIT_NORMAL:
+		err = commit_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		break;
+	case COMMIT_PARTIAL:
+		err = commit_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		rollback_lock_file(&false_lock);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Take a union of paths in the index and the named tree (typically, "HEAD"),
+ * and return the paths that match the given pattern in list.
+ */
+static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
+		      const char *prefix, const char **pattern)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *m;
+
+	for (i = 0; pattern[i]; i++)
+		;
+	m = xcalloc(1, i);
+
+	if (with_tree)
+		overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, prefix);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
+			continue;
+		if (!match_pathspec(pattern, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, m))
+			continue;
+		string_list_insert(ce->name, list);
+	}
+
+	return report_path_error(m, pattern, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
+}
+
+static void add_remove_files(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		struct stat st;
+		struct string_list_item *p = &(list->items[i]);
+
+		if (!lstat(p->string, &st)) {
+			if (add_to_cache(p->string, &st, 0))
+				die("updating files failed");
+		} else
+			remove_file_from_cache(p->string);
+	}
+}
+
+static void create_base_index(void)
+{
+	struct tree *tree;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t;
+
+	if (initial_commit) {
+		discard_cache();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.index_only = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+
+	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(head_sha1);
+	if (!tree)
+		die("failed to unpack HEAD tree object");
+	parse_tree(tree);
+	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
+		exit(128); /* We've already reported the error, finish dying */
+}
+
+static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int fd;
+	struct string_list partial;
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
+
+	if (interactive) {
+		if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix) != 0)
+			die("interactive add failed");
+		if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
+			die("index file corrupt");
+		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
+		return get_index_file();
+	}
+
+	if (*argv)
+		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+
+	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
+		die("index file corrupt");
+
+	/*
+	 * Non partial, non as-is commit.
+	 *
+	 * (1) get the real index;
+	 * (2) update the_index as necessary;
+	 * (3) write the_index out to the real index (still locked);
+	 * (4) return the name of the locked index file.
+	 *
+	 * The caller should run hooks on the locked real index, and
+	 * (A) if all goes well, commit the real index;
+	 * (B) on failure, rollback the real index.
+	 */
+	if (all || (also && pathspec && *pathspec)) {
+		int fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+		add_files_to_cache(also ? prefix : NULL, pathspec, 0);
+		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
+			die("unable to write new_index file");
+		commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
+		return index_lock.filename;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * As-is commit.
+	 *
+	 * (1) return the name of the real index file.
+	 *
+	 * The caller should run hooks on the real index, and run
+	 * hooks on the real index, and create commit from the_index.
+	 * We still need to refresh the index here.
+	 */
+	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
+		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+			die("unable to write new_index file");
+		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
+		return get_index_file();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * A partial commit.
+	 *
+	 * (0) find the set of affected paths;
+	 * (1) get lock on the real index file;
+	 * (2) update the_index with the given paths;
+	 * (3) write the_index out to the real index (still locked);
+	 * (4) get lock on the false index file;
+	 * (5) reset the_index from HEAD;
+	 * (6) update the_index the same way as (2);
+	 * (7) write the_index out to the false index file;
+	 * (8) return the name of the false index file (still locked);
+	 *
+	 * The caller should run hooks on the locked false index, and
+	 * create commit from it.  Then
+	 * (A) if all goes well, commit the real index;
+	 * (B) on failure, rollback the real index;
+	 * In either case, rollback the false index.
+	 */
+	commit_style = COMMIT_PARTIAL;
+
+	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+		die("cannot do a partial commit during a merge.");
+
+	memset(&partial, 0, sizeof(partial));
+	partial.strdup_strings = 1;
+	if (list_paths(&partial, initial_commit ? NULL : "HEAD", prefix, pathspec))
+		exit(1);
+
+	discard_cache();
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die("cannot read the index");
+
+	fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	add_remove_files(&partial);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
+		die("unable to write new_index file");
+
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&false_lock,
+				       git_path("next-index-%"PRIuMAX,
+						(uintmax_t) getpid()),
+				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+
+	create_base_index();
+	add_remove_files(&partial);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	    close_lock_file(&false_lock))
+		die("unable to write temporary index file");
+
+	discard_cache();
+	read_cache_from(false_lock.filename);
+
+	return false_lock.filename;
+}
+
+static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int nowarn)
+{
+	struct wt_status s;
+
+	wt_status_prepare(&s);
+	if (wt_status_relative_paths)
+		s.prefix = prefix;
+
+	if (amend) {
+		s.amend = 1;
+		s.reference = "HEAD^1";
+	}
+	s.verbose = verbose;
+	s.untracked = (show_untracked_files == SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES);
+	s.index_file = index_file;
+	s.fp = fp;
+	s.nowarn = nowarn;
+
+	wt_status_print(&s);
+
+	return s.commitable;
+}
+
+static int is_a_merge(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
+		die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+	return !!(commit->parents && commit->parents->next);
+}
+
+static const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
+
+static void determine_author_info(void)
+{
+	char *name, *email, *date;
+
+	name = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME");
+	email = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL");
+	date = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE");
+
+	if (use_message) {
+		const char *a, *lb, *rb, *eol;
+
+		a = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
+		if (!a)
+			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+
+		lb = strstr(a + 8, " <");
+		rb = strstr(a + 8, "> ");
+		eol = strchr(a + 8, '\n');
+		if (!lb || !rb || !eol)
+			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+
+		name = xstrndup(a + 8, lb - (a + 8));
+		email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
+		date = xstrndup(rb + 2, eol - (rb + 2));
+	}
+
+	if (force_author) {
+		const char *lb = strstr(force_author, " <");
+		const char *rb = strchr(force_author, '>');
+
+		if (!lb || !rb)
+			die("malformed --author parameter");
+		name = xstrndup(force_author, lb - force_author);
+		email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
+	}
+
+	author_name = name;
+	author_email = email;
+	author_date = date;
+}
+
+static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct stat statbuf;
+	int commitable, saved_color_setting;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *buffer;
+	FILE *fp;
+	const char *hook_arg1 = NULL;
+	const char *hook_arg2 = NULL;
+	int ident_shown = 0;
+
+	if (!no_verify && run_hook(index_file, "pre-commit", NULL))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (message.len) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
+		hook_arg1 = "message";
+	} else if (logfile && !strcmp(logfile, "-")) {
+		if (isatty(0))
+			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
+		if (strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not read log from standard input");
+		hook_arg1 = "message";
+	} else if (logfile) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not read log file '%s'",
+				  logfile);
+		hook_arg1 = "message";
+	} else if (use_message) {
+		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
+		if (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0')
+			die("commit has empty message");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, buffer + 2, strlen(buffer + 2));
+		hook_arg1 = "commit";
+		hook_arg2 = use_message;
+	} else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not read MERGE_MSG");
+		hook_arg1 = "merge";
+	} else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not read SQUASH_MSG");
+		hook_arg1 = "squash";
+	} else if (template_file && !stat(template_file, &statbuf)) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, template_file, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not read '%s'", template_file);
+		hook_arg1 = "template";
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This final case does not modify the template message,
+	 * it just sets the argument to the prepare-commit-msg hook.
+	 */
+	else if (in_merge)
+		hook_arg1 = "merge";
+
+	fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
+	if (fp == NULL)
+		die_errno("could not open '%s'", git_path(commit_editmsg));
+
+	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
+		stripspace(&sb, 0);
+
+	if (signoff) {
+		struct strbuf sob = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int i;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&sob, sign_off_header);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sob, fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
+					     getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
+		strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
+		for (i = sb.len - 1; i > 0 && sb.buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sob.buf)) {
+			if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sign_off_header))
+				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &sob);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sob);
+	}
+
+	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, fp) < sb.len)
+		die_errno("could not write commit template");
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	determine_author_info();
+
+	/* This checks if committer ident is explicitly given */
+	git_committer_info(0);
+	if (use_editor) {
+		char *author_ident;
+		const char *committer_ident;
+
+		if (in_merge)
+			fprintf(fp,
+				"#\n"
+				"# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE.\n"
+				"# If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+				"#	%s\n"
+				"# and try again.\n"
+				"#\n",
+				git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+
+		fprintf(fp,
+			"\n"
+			"# Please enter the commit message for your changes.");
+		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
+			fprintf(fp,
+				" Lines starting\n"
+				"# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
+				" message aborts the commit.\n");
+		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
+			fprintf(fp,
+				" Lines starting\n"
+				"# with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
+				" yourself if you want to.\n"
+				"# An empty message aborts the commit.\n");
+		if (only_include_assumed)
+			fprintf(fp, "# %s\n", only_include_assumed);
+
+		author_ident = xstrdup(fmt_name(author_name, author_email));
+		committer_ident = fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
+					   getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"));
+		if (strcmp(author_ident, committer_ident))
+			fprintf(fp,
+				"%s"
+				"# Author:    %s\n",
+				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
+				author_ident);
+		free(author_ident);
+
+		if (!user_ident_explicitly_given)
+			fprintf(fp,
+				"%s"
+				"# Committer: %s\n",
+				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
+				committer_ident);
+
+		if (ident_shown)
+			fprintf(fp, "#\n");
+
+		saved_color_setting = wt_status_use_color;
+		wt_status_use_color = 0;
+		commitable = run_status(fp, index_file, prefix, 1);
+		wt_status_use_color = saved_color_setting;
+	} else {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *parent = "HEAD";
+
+		if (!active_nr && read_cache() < 0)
+			die("Cannot read index");
+
+		if (amend)
+			parent = "HEAD^1";
+
+		if (get_sha1(parent, sha1))
+			commitable = !!active_nr;
+		else
+			commitable = index_differs_from(parent, 0);
+	}
+
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	if (!commitable && !in_merge && !allow_empty &&
+	    !(amend && is_a_merge(head_sha1))) {
+		run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Re-read the index as pre-commit hook could have updated it,
+	 * and write it out as a tree.  We must do this before we invoke
+	 * the editor and after we invoke run_status above.
+	 */
+	discard_cache();
+	read_cache_from(index_file);
+	if (!active_cache_tree)
+		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+	if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
+			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
+		error("Error building trees");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (run_hook(index_file, "prepare-commit-msg",
+		     git_path(commit_editmsg), hook_arg1, hook_arg2, NULL))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (use_editor) {
+		char index[PATH_MAX];
+		const char *env[2] = { index, NULL };
+		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
+		if (launch_editor(git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL, env)) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!no_verify &&
+	    run_hook(index_file, "commit-msg", git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL)) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
+ * Signed-off-by lines.
+ */
+static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *nl;
+	int eol, i, start = 0;
+
+	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* See if the template is just a prefix of the message. */
+	if (template_file && strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) > 0) {
+		stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+		if (start + tmpl.len <= sb->len &&
+		    memcmp(tmpl.buf, sb->buf + start, tmpl.len) == 0)
+			start += tmpl.len;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&tmpl);
+
+	/* Check if the rest is just whitespace and Signed-of-by's. */
+	for (i = start; i < sb->len; i++) {
+		nl = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
+		if (nl)
+			eol = nl - sb->buf;
+		else
+			eol = sb->len;
+
+		if (strlen(sign_off_header) <= eol - i &&
+		    !prefixcmp(sb->buf + i, sign_off_header)) {
+			i = eol;
+			continue;
+		}
+		while (i < eol)
+			if (!isspace(sb->buf[i++]))
+				return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *av[20];
+	int ac = 0;
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "--author=%s", name);
+	av[++ac] = "--all";
+	av[++ac] = "-i";
+	av[++ac] = buf.buf;
+	av[++ac] = NULL;
+	setup_revisions(ac, av, &revs, NULL);
+	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+	commit = get_revision(&revs);
+	if (commit) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	}
+	die("No existing author found with '%s'", name);
+}
+
+static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
+				      const char * const usage[],
+				      const char *prefix)
+{
+	int f = 0;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_commit_options, usage,
+			     0);
+
+	if (force_author && !strchr(force_author, '>'))
+		force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
+
+	if (logfile || message.len || use_message)
+		use_editor = 0;
+	if (edit_flag)
+		use_editor = 1;
+	if (!use_editor)
+		setenv("GIT_EDITOR", ":", 1);
+
+	if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
+		initial_commit = 1;
+
+	if (!get_sha1("MERGE_HEAD", merge_head_sha1))
+		in_merge = 1;
+
+	/* Sanity check options */
+	if (amend && initial_commit)
+		die("You have nothing to amend.");
+	if (amend && in_merge)
+		die("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend.");
+
+	if (use_message)
+		f++;
+	if (edit_message)
+		f++;
+	if (logfile)
+		f++;
+	if (f > 1)
+		die("Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used.");
+	if (message.len && f > 0)
+		die("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F.");
+	if (edit_message)
+		use_message = edit_message;
+	if (amend && !use_message)
+		use_message = "HEAD";
+	if (use_message) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		static char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
+		const char *out_enc;
+		char *enc, *end;
+		struct commit *commit;
+
+		if (get_sha1(use_message, sha1))
+			die("could not lookup commit %s", use_message);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
+			die("could not parse commit %s", use_message);
+
+		enc = strstr(commit->buffer, "\nencoding");
+		if (enc) {
+			end = strchr(enc + 10, '\n');
+			enc = xstrndup(enc + 10, end - (enc + 10));
+		} else {
+			enc = utf8;
+		}
+		out_enc = git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : utf8;
+
+		if (strcmp(out_enc, enc))
+			use_message_buffer =
+				reencode_string(commit->buffer, out_enc, enc);
+
+		/*
+		 * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
+		 * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
+		 * This also handles the case where input and output
+		 * encodings are identical.
+		 */
+		if (use_message_buffer == NULL)
+			use_message_buffer = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
+		if (enc != utf8)
+			free(enc);
+	}
+
+	if (!!also + !!only + !!all + !!interactive > 1)
+		die("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used.");
+	if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend)))
+		die("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense.");
+	if (argc == 0 && only && amend)
+		only_include_assumed = "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.";
+	if (argc > 0 && !also && !only)
+		only_include_assumed = "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...";
+	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "default"))
+		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_ALL : CLEANUP_SPACE;
+	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
+		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_NONE;
+	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "whitespace"))
+		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_SPACE;
+	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
+		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
+	else
+		die("Invalid cleanup mode %s", cleanup_arg);
+
+	if (!untracked_files_arg)
+		; /* default already initialized */
+	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "no"))
+		show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "normal"))
+		show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "all"))
+		show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+	else
+		die("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", untracked_files_arg);
+
+	if (all && argc > 0)
+		die("Paths with -a does not make sense.");
+	else if (interactive && argc > 0)
+		die("Paths with --interactive does not make sense.");
+
+	return argc;
+}
+
+int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *index_file;
+	int commitable;
+
+	git_config(git_status_config, NULL);
+
+	if (wt_status_use_color == -1)
+		wt_status_use_color = git_use_color_default;
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
+	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_status_usage, prefix);
+
+	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix);
+
+	commitable = run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0);
+
+	rollback_index_files();
+
+	return commitable ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	static const char *format = "format:%h] %s";
+	unsigned char junk_sha1[20];
+	const char *head = resolve_ref("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
+
+	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		die("couldn't look up newly created commit");
+	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
+		die("could not parse newly created commit");
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+
+	rev.abbrev = 0;
+	rev.diff = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.output_format =
+		DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
+
+	rev.verbose_header = 1;
+	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
+	get_commit_format(format, &rev);
+	rev.always_show_header = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 100;
+	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
+	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
+
+	printf("[%s%s ",
+		!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
+			head + 11 :
+			!strcmp(head, "HEAD") ?
+				"detached HEAD" :
+				head,
+		initial_commit ? " (root-commit)" : "");
+
+	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		format_commit_message(commit, format + 7, &buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+}
+
+static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.template"))
+		return git_config_string(&template_file, k, v);
+
+	return git_status_config(k, v, cb);
+}
+
+int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *index_file, *reflog_msg;
+	char *nl, *p;
+	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct ref_lock *ref_lock;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, **pptr = &parents;
+	struct stat statbuf;
+	int allow_fast_forward = 1;
+
+	git_config(git_commit_config, NULL);
+
+	if (wt_status_use_color == -1)
+		wt_status_use_color = git_use_color_default;
+
+	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_usage, prefix);
+
+	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix);
+
+	/* Set up everything for writing the commit object.  This includes
+	   running hooks, writing the trees, and interacting with the user.  */
+	if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix)) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Determine parents */
+	if (initial_commit) {
+		reflog_msg = "commit (initial)";
+	} else if (amend) {
+		struct commit_list *c;
+		struct commit *commit;
+
+		reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
+		commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
+		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
+			die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+
+		for (c = commit->parents; c; c = c->next)
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
+	} else if (in_merge) {
+		struct strbuf m = STRBUF_INIT;
+		FILE *fp;
+
+		reflog_msg = "commit (merge)";
+		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
+		fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
+		if (fp == NULL)
+			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
+				die("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)", m.buf);
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(sha1), pptr)->next;
+		}
+		fclose(fp);
+		strbuf_release(&m);
+		if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
+			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
+				die_errno("could not read MERGE_MODE");
+			if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
+				allow_fast_forward = 0;
+		}
+		if (allow_fast_forward)
+			parents = reduce_heads(parents);
+	} else {
+		reflog_msg = "commit";
+		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
+	}
+
+	/* Finally, get the commit message */
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		rollback_index_files();
+		die("could not read commit message: %s", strerror(saved_errno));
+	}
+
+	/* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
+	if (verbose) {
+		p = strstr(sb.buf, "\ndiff --git ");
+		if (p != NULL)
+			strbuf_setlen(&sb, p - sb.buf + 1);
+	}
+
+	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
+		stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+	if (message_is_empty(&sb)) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		fprintf(stderr, "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (commit_tree(sb.buf, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, commit_sha1,
+			fmt_ident(author_name, author_email, author_date,
+				IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME))) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		die("failed to write commit object");
+	}
+
+	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD",
+					   initial_commit ? NULL : head_sha1,
+					   0);
+
+	nl = strchr(sb.buf, '\n');
+	if (nl)
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, nl + 1 - sb.buf);
+	else
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+	strbuf_insert(&sb, 0, reflog_msg, strlen(reflog_msg));
+	strbuf_insert(&sb, strlen(reflog_msg), ": ", 2);
+
+	if (!ref_lock) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		die("cannot lock HEAD ref");
+	}
+	if (write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, commit_sha1, sb.buf) < 0) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		die("cannot update HEAD ref");
+	}
+
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+
+	if (commit_index_files())
+		die ("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+		     "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover.");
+
+	rerere();
+	run_hook(get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);
+	if (!quiet)
+		print_summary(prefix, commit_sha1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-config.c b/builtin-config.c
index dfa403b94b..a2d656edb3 100644
--- a/builtin-config.c
+++ b/builtin-config.c
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char git_config_set_usage[] =
-"git-config [ --global ] [ --bool | --int ] [--get | --get-all | --get-regexp | --replace-all | --add | --unset | --unset-all] name [value [value_regex]] | --rename-section old_name new_name | --remove-section name | --list";
+static const char *const builtin_config_usage[] = {
+	"git config [options]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static char *key;
 static regex_t *key_regexp;
@@ -12,18 +16,81 @@ static int use_key_regexp;
 static int do_all;
 static int do_not_match;
 static int seen;
-static enum { T_RAW, T_INT, T_BOOL } type = T_RAW;
+static char delim = '=';
+static char key_delim = ' ';
+static char term = '\n';
 
-static int show_all_config(const char *key_, const char *value_)
+static int use_global_config, use_system_config;
+static const char *given_config_file;
+static int actions, types;
+static const char *get_color_slot, *get_colorbool_slot;
+static int end_null;
+
+#define ACTION_GET (1<<0)
+#define ACTION_GET_ALL (1<<1)
+#define ACTION_GET_REGEXP (1<<2)
+#define ACTION_REPLACE_ALL (1<<3)
+#define ACTION_ADD (1<<4)
+#define ACTION_UNSET (1<<5)
+#define ACTION_UNSET_ALL (1<<6)
+#define ACTION_RENAME_SECTION (1<<7)
+#define ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION (1<<8)
+#define ACTION_LIST (1<<9)
+#define ACTION_EDIT (1<<10)
+#define ACTION_SET (1<<11)
+#define ACTION_SET_ALL (1<<12)
+#define ACTION_GET_COLOR (1<<13)
+#define ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL (1<<14)
+
+#define TYPE_BOOL (1<<0)
+#define TYPE_INT (1<<1)
+#define TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT (1<<2)
+
+static struct option builtin_config_options[] = {
+	OPT_GROUP("Config file location"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "global", &use_global_config, "use global config file"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "system", &use_system_config, "use system config file"),
+	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, "FILE", "use given config file"),
+	OPT_GROUP("Action"),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get", &actions, "get value: name [value-regex]", ACTION_GET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-all", &actions, "get all values: key [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-regexp", &actions, "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_REGEXP),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "replace-all", &actions, "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]", ACTION_REPLACE_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "add", &actions, "adds a new variable: name value", ACTION_ADD),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset", &actions, "removes a variable: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset-all", &actions, "removes all matches: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "rename-section", &actions, "rename section: old-name new-name", ACTION_RENAME_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "remove-section", &actions, "remove a section: name", ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT('l', "list", &actions, "list all", ACTION_LIST),
+	OPT_BIT('e', "edit", &actions, "opens an editor", ACTION_EDIT),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-color", &get_color_slot, "slot", "find the color configured: [default]"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-colorbool", &get_colorbool_slot, "slot", "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"),
+	OPT_GROUP("Type"),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool", &types, "value is \"true\" or \"false\"", TYPE_BOOL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "int", &types, "value is decimal number", TYPE_INT),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool-or-int", &types, "value is --bool or --int", TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
+	OPT_GROUP("Other"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &end_null, "terminate values with NUL byte"),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
+
+static void check_argc(int argc, int min, int max) {
+	if (argc >= min && argc <= max)
+		return;
+	error("wrong number of arguments");
+	usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+}
+
+static int show_all_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
 	if (value_)
-		printf("%s=%s\n", key_, value_);
+		printf("%s%c%s%c", key_, delim, value_, term);
 	else
-		printf("%s\n", key_);
+		printf("%s%c", key_, term);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_)
+static int show_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
 	char value[256];
 	const char *vptr = value;
@@ -34,18 +101,29 @@ static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_)
 	if (use_key_regexp && regexec(key_regexp, key_, 0, NULL, 0))
 		return 0;
 	if (regexp != NULL &&
-			 (do_not_match ^
-			  regexec(regexp, (value_?value_:""), 0, NULL, 0)))
+	    (do_not_match ^ !!regexec(regexp, (value_?value_:""), 0, NULL, 0)))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (show_keys)
-		printf("%s ", key_);
+	if (show_keys) {
+		if (value_)
+			printf("%s%c", key_, key_delim);
+		else
+			printf("%s", key_);
+	}
 	if (seen && !do_all)
 		dup_error = 1;
-	if (type == T_INT)
+	if (types == TYPE_INT)
 		sprintf(value, "%d", git_config_int(key_, value_?value_:""));
-	else if (type == T_BOOL)
+	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
 		vptr = git_config_bool(key_, value_) ? "true" : "false";
+	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+		int is_bool, v;
+		v = git_config_bool_or_int(key_, value_, &is_bool);
+		if (is_bool)
+			vptr = v ? "true" : "false";
+		else
+			sprintf(value, "%d", v);
+	}
 	else
 		vptr = value_?value_:"";
 	seen++;
@@ -54,27 +132,26 @@ static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_)
 				key_, vptr);
 	}
 	else
-		printf("%s\n", vptr);
+		printf("%s%c", vptr, term);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_value(const char* key_, const char* regex_)
+static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
 	char *tl;
 	char *global = NULL, *repo_config = NULL;
 	const char *system_wide = NULL, *local;
 
-	local = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
+	local = config_exclusive_filename;
 	if (!local) {
 		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
-		local = getenv(CONFIG_LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (!local)
-			local = repo_config = xstrdup(git_path("config"));
-		if (home)
+		local = repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
+		if (git_config_global() && home)
 			global = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-		system_wide = ETC_GITCONFIG;
+		if (git_config_system())
+			system_wide = git_etc_gitconfig();
 	}
 
 	key = xstrdup(key_);
@@ -105,14 +182,14 @@ static int get_value(const char* key_, const char* regex_)
 	}
 
 	if (do_all && system_wide)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide);
+		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide, NULL);
 	if (do_all && global)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, global);
-	git_config_from_file(show_config, local);
+		git_config_from_file(show_config, global, NULL);
+	git_config_from_file(show_config, local, NULL);
 	if (!do_all && !seen && global)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, global);
+		git_config_from_file(show_config, global, NULL);
 	if (!do_all && !seen && system_wide)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide);
+		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide, NULL);
 
 	free(key);
 	if (regexp) {
@@ -131,112 +208,271 @@ free_strings:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static char *normalize_value(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
-	int nongit = 0;
-	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--int"))
-			type = T_INT;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--bool"))
-			type = T_BOOL;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--list") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-l"))
-			return git_config(show_all_config);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--global")) {
-			char *home = getenv("HOME");
-			if (home) {
-				char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-				setenv("GIT_CONFIG", user_config, 1);
-				free(user_config);
-			} else {
-				die("$HOME not set");
-			}
+	char *normalized;
+
+	if (!value)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (types == 0)
+		normalized = xstrdup(value);
+	else {
+		normalized = xmalloc(64);
+		if (types == TYPE_INT) {
+			int v = git_config_int(key, value);
+			sprintf(normalized, "%d", v);
 		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--system"))
-			setenv("GIT_CONFIG", ETC_GITCONFIG, 1);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--rename-section")) {
-			int ret;
-			if (argc != 4)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[2], argv[3]);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				return ret;
-			if (ret == 0) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No such section!\n");
-				return 1;
-			}
-			return 0;
+		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
+			sprintf(normalized, "%s",
+				git_config_bool(key, value) ? "true" : "false");
+		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+			int is_bool, v;
+			v = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
+			if (!is_bool)
+				sprintf(normalized, "%d", v);
+			else
+				sprintf(normalized, "%s", v ? "true" : "false");
 		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove-section")) {
-			int ret;
-			if (argc != 3)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[2], NULL);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				return ret;
-			if (ret == 0) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No such section!\n");
-				return 1;
-			}
-			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return normalized;
+}
+
+static int get_color_found;
+static const char *get_color_slot;
+static const char *get_colorbool_slot;
+static char parsed_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
+static int git_get_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, get_color_slot)) {
+		if (!value)
+			config_error_nonbool(var);
+		color_parse(value, var, parsed_color);
+		get_color_found = 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void get_color(const char *def_color)
+{
+	get_color_found = 0;
+	parsed_color[0] = '\0';
+	git_config(git_get_color_config, NULL);
+
+	if (!get_color_found && def_color)
+		color_parse(def_color, "command line", parsed_color);
+
+	fputs(parsed_color, stdout);
+}
+
+static int stdout_is_tty;
+static int get_colorbool_found;
+static int get_diff_color_found;
+static int git_get_colorbool_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+		void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, get_colorbool_slot)) {
+		get_colorbool_found =
+			git_config_colorbool(var, value, stdout_is_tty);
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.color")) {
+		get_diff_color_found =
+			git_config_colorbool(var, value, stdout_is_tty);
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.ui")) {
+		git_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value, stdout_is_tty);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_colorbool(int print)
+{
+	get_colorbool_found = -1;
+	get_diff_color_found = -1;
+	git_config(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL);
+
+	if (get_colorbool_found < 0) {
+		if (!strcmp(get_colorbool_slot, "color.diff"))
+			get_colorbool_found = get_diff_color_found;
+		if (get_colorbool_found < 0)
+			get_colorbool_found = git_use_color_default;
+	}
+
+	if (print) {
+		printf("%s\n", get_colorbool_found ? "true" : "false");
+		return 0;
+	} else
+		return get_colorbool_found ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
+{
+	int nongit;
+	char *value;
+	const char *prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+
+	config_exclusive_filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_config_options,
+			     builtin_config_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (use_global_config + use_system_config + !!given_config_file > 1) {
+		error("only one config file at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+
+	if (use_global_config) {
+		char *home = getenv("HOME");
+		if (home) {
+			char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
+			config_exclusive_filename = user_config;
+		} else {
+			die("$HOME not set");
 		}
+	}
+	else if (use_system_config)
+		config_exclusive_filename = git_etc_gitconfig();
+	else if (given_config_file) {
+		if (!is_absolute_path(given_config_file) && prefix)
+			config_exclusive_filename = prefix_filename(prefix,
+								    strlen(prefix),
+								    argv[2]);
 		else
-			break;
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
-
-	switch (argc) {
-	case 2:
-		return get_value(argv[1], NULL);
-	case 3:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset"))
-			return git_config_set(argv[2], NULL);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset-all"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, NULL, 1);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get"))
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-all")) {
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-regexp")) {
-			show_keys = 1;
-			use_key_regexp = 1;
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
-		} else
-
-			return git_config_set(argv[1], argv[2]);
-	case 4:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, argv[3], 0);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset-all"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, argv[3], 1);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get"))
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-all")) {
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-regexp")) {
-			show_keys = 1;
-			use_key_regexp = 1;
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--add"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], argv[3], "^$", 0);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--replace-all"))
-
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], argv[3], NULL, 1);
-		else
+			config_exclusive_filename = given_config_file;
+	}
+
+	if (end_null) {
+		term = '\0';
+		delim = '\n';
+		key_delim = '\n';
+	}
+
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(types)) {
+		error("only one type at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+
+	if (get_color_slot)
+	    actions |= ACTION_GET_COLOR;
+	if (get_colorbool_slot)
+	    actions |= ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL;
 
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[1], argv[2], argv[3], 0);
-	case 5:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--replace-all"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], argv[3], argv[4], 1);
-	case 1:
-	default:
-		usage(git_config_set_usage);
+	if ((get_color_slot || get_colorbool_slot) && types) {
+		error("--get-color and variable type are incoherent");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
 	}
+
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(actions)) {
+		error("only one action at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+	if (actions == 0)
+		switch (argc) {
+		case 1: actions = ACTION_GET; break;
+		case 2: actions = ACTION_SET; break;
+		case 3: actions = ACTION_SET_ALL; break;
+		default:
+			usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+		}
+
+	if (actions == ACTION_LIST) {
+		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
+		if (git_config(show_all_config, NULL) < 0) {
+			if (config_exclusive_filename)
+				die_errno("unable to read config file '%s'",
+					  config_exclusive_filename);
+			else
+				die("error processing config file(s)");
+		}
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_EDIT) {
+		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
+		if (!config_exclusive_filename && nongit)
+			die("not in a git directory");
+		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+		launch_editor(config_exclusive_filename ?
+			      config_exclusive_filename : git_path("config"),
+			      NULL, NULL);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_SET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set(argv[0], value);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_SET_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_ADD) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, "^$", 0);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_REPLACE_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_ALL) {
+		do_all = 1;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_REGEXP) {
+		show_keys = 1;
+		use_key_regexp = 1;
+		do_all = 1;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		if (argc == 2)
+			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
+		else
+			return git_config_set(argv[0], NULL);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_RENAME_SECTION) {
+		int ret;
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		if (ret == 0)
+			die("No such section!");
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION) {
+		int ret;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 1);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], NULL);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		if (ret == 0)
+			die("No such section!");
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_COLOR) {
+		get_color(argv[0]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL) {
+		if (argc == 1)
+			stdout_is_tty = git_config_bool("command line", argv[0]);
+		else if (argc == 0)
+			stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
+		return get_colorbool(argc != 0);
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-count-objects.c b/builtin-count-objects.c
index 6263d8af29..1b0b6c84ea 100644
--- a/builtin-count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-count-objects.c
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-
-static const char count_objects_usage[] = "git-count-objects [-v]";
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 			  unsigned long *loose,
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 		const char *cp;
 		int bad = 0;
 
-		if ((ent->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    (ent->d_name[1] == 0 ||
-		     ((ent->d_name[1] == '.') && (ent->d_name[2] == 0))))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(ent->d_name))
 			continue;
 		for (cp = ent->d_name; *cp; cp++) {
 			int ch = *cp;
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 			if (lstat(path, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 				bad = 1;
 			else
-				(*loose_size) += xsize_t(st.st_blocks);
+				(*loose_size) += xsize_t(on_disk_bytes(st));
 		}
 		if (bad) {
 			if (verbose) {
@@ -62,34 +60,33 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 		hex[40] = 0;
 		if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
 			die("internal error");
-		if (has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+		if (has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 			(*packed_loose)++;
 	}
 }
 
-int cmd_count_objects(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+static char const * const count_objects_usage[] = {
+	"git count-objects [-v]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-	int verbose = 0;
+	int i, verbose = 0;
 	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 	int len = strlen(objdir);
 	char *path = xmalloc(len + 50);
 	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0, garbage = 0;
 	unsigned long loose_size = 0;
+	struct option opts[] = {
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 
-	for (i = 1; i < ac; i++) {
-		const char *arg = av[i];
-		if (*arg != '-')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-v"))
-			verbose = 1;
-		else
-			usage(count_objects_usage);
-	}
-
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, count_objects_usage, 0);
 	/* we do not take arguments other than flags for now */
-	if (i < ac)
-		usage(count_objects_usage);
+	if (argc)
+		usage_with_options(count_objects_usage, opts);
 	memcpy(path, objdir, len);
 	if (len && objdir[len-1] != '/')
 		path[len++] = '/';
@@ -106,23 +103,28 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	if (verbose) {
 		struct packed_git *p;
 		unsigned long num_pack = 0;
+		unsigned long size_pack = 0;
 		if (!packed_git)
 			prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
 			if (!p->pack_local)
 				continue;
-			packed += num_packed_objects(p);
+			if (open_pack_index(p))
+				continue;
+			packed += p->num_objects;
+			size_pack += p->pack_size + p->index_size;
 			num_pack++;
 		}
 		printf("count: %lu\n", loose);
-		printf("size: %lu\n", loose_size / 2);
+		printf("size: %lu\n", loose_size / 1024);
 		printf("in-pack: %lu\n", packed);
 		printf("packs: %lu\n", num_pack);
+		printf("size-pack: %lu\n", size_pack / 1024);
 		printf("prune-packable: %lu\n", packed_loose);
 		printf("garbage: %lu\n", garbage);
 	}
 	else
 		printf("%lu objects, %lu kilobytes\n",
-		       loose, loose_size / 2);
+		       loose, loose_size / 1024);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-describe.c b/builtin-describe.c
index 165917e40d..7a662980d1 100644
--- a/builtin-describe.c
+++ b/builtin-describe.c
@@ -3,21 +3,30 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
 
-static const char describe_usage[] =
-"git-describe [--all] [--tags] [--abbrev=<n>] <committish>*";
+static const char * const describe_usage[] = {
+	"git describe [options] <committish>*",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static int debug;	/* Display lots of verbose info */
-static int all;	/* Default to annotated tags only */
-static int tags;	/* But allow any tags if --tags is specified */
+static int all;	/* Any valid ref can be used */
+static int tags;	/* Allow lightweight tags */
+static int longformat;
 static int abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 static int max_candidates = 10;
+static const char *pattern;
+static int always;
 
 struct commit_name {
+	struct tag *tag;
 	int prio; /* annotated tag = 2, tag = 1, head = 0 */
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char path[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 static const char *prio_names[] = {
@@ -26,14 +35,17 @@ static const char *prio_names[] = {
 
 static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
 			       struct commit *commit,
-			       int prio)
+			       int prio,
+			       const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct commit_name *e = commit->util;
 	if (!e || e->prio < prio) {
 		size_t len = strlen(path)+1;
 		free(e);
 		e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_name) + len);
+		e->tag = NULL;
 		e->prio = prio;
+		hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
 		memcpy(e->path, path, len);
 		commit->util = e;
 	}
@@ -41,22 +53,40 @@ static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
 
 static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	int might_be_tag = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
+	struct commit *commit;
 	struct object *object;
-	int prio;
+	unsigned char peeled[20];
+	int is_tag, prio;
 
-	if (!commit)
+	if (!all && !might_be_tag)
 		return 0;
-	object = parse_object(sha1);
+
+	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled) && !is_null_sha1(peeled)) {
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(peeled, 1);
+		if (!commit)
+			return 0;
+		is_tag = !!hashcmp(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+	} else {
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+		object = parse_object(sha1);
+		if (!commit || !object)
+			return 0;
+		is_tag = object->type == OBJ_TAG;
+	}
+
 	/* If --all, then any refs are used.
 	 * If --tags, then any tags are used.
 	 * Otherwise only annotated tags are used.
 	 */
-	if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/")) {
-		if (object->type == OBJ_TAG)
+	if (might_be_tag) {
+		if (is_tag)
 			prio = 2;
 		else
 			prio = 1;
+
+		if (pattern && fnmatch(pattern, path + 10, 0))
+			prio = 0;
 	}
 	else
 		prio = 0;
@@ -67,7 +97,7 @@ static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void
 		if (!tags && prio < 2)
 			return 0;
 	}
-	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, commit, prio);
+	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, commit, prio, sha1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -82,8 +112,6 @@ static int compare_pt(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	struct possible_tag *a = (struct possible_tag *)a_;
 	struct possible_tag *b = (struct possible_tag *)b_;
-	if (a->name->prio != b->name->prio)
-		return b->name->prio - a->name->prio;
 	if (a->depth != b->depth)
 		return a->depth - b->depth;
 	if (a->found_order != b->found_order)
@@ -124,6 +152,27 @@ static unsigned long finish_depth_computation(
 	return seen_commits;
 }
 
+static void display_name(struct commit_name *n)
+{
+	if (n->prio == 2 && !n->tag) {
+		n->tag = lookup_tag(n->sha1);
+		if (!n->tag || parse_tag(n->tag) || !n->tag->tag)
+			die("annotated tag %s not available", n->path);
+		if (strcmp(n->tag->tag, all ? n->path + 5 : n->path))
+			warning("tag '%s' is really '%s' here", n->tag->tag, n->path);
+	}
+
+	if (n->tag)
+		printf("%s", n->tag->tag);
+	else
+		printf("%s", n->path);
+}
+
+static void show_suffix(int depth, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	printf("-%d-g%s", depth, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+}
+
 static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -148,10 +197,18 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 
 	n = cmit->util;
 	if (n) {
-		printf("%s\n", n->path);
+		/*
+		 * Exact match to an existing ref.
+		 */
+		display_name(n);
+		if (longformat)
+			show_suffix(0, n->tag ? n->tag->tagged->sha1 : sha1);
+		printf("\n");
 		return;
 	}
 
+	if (!max_candidates)
+		die("no tag exactly matches '%s'", sha1_to_hex(cmit->object.sha1));
 	if (debug)
 		fprintf(stderr, "searching to describe %s\n", arg);
 
@@ -200,8 +257,14 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!match_cnt)
-		die("cannot describe '%s'", sha1_to_hex(cmit->object.sha1));
+	if (!match_cnt) {
+		const unsigned char *sha1 = cmit->object.sha1;
+		if (always) {
+			printf("%s\n", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+			return;
+		}
+		die("cannot describe '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
 
 	qsort(all_matches, match_cnt, sizeof(all_matches[0]), compare_pt);
 
@@ -228,12 +291,11 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 				sha1_to_hex(gave_up_on->object.sha1));
 		}
 	}
-	if (abbrev == 0)
-		printf("%s\n", all_matches[0].name->path );
-	else
-		printf("%s-%d-g%s\n", all_matches[0].name->path,
-		       all_matches[0].depth,
-		       find_unique_abbrev(cmit->object.sha1, abbrev));
+
+	display_name(all_matches[0].name);
+	if (abbrev)
+		show_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, cmit->object.sha1);
+	printf("\n");
 
 	if (!last_one)
 		clear_commit_marks(cmit, -1);
@@ -241,44 +303,63 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 
 int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
+	int contains = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "contains",   &contains, "find the tag that comes after the commit"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug",      &debug, "debug search strategy on stderr"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all",        &all, "use any ref in .git/refs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags",       &tags, "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "long",       &longformat, "always use long format"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "exact-match", &max_candidates,
+			    "only output exact matches", 0),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "candidates", &max_candidates,
+			    "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "match",       &pattern, "pattern",
+			   "only consider tags matching <pattern>"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "always",     &always,
+			   "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, describe_usage, 0);
+	if (max_candidates < 0)
+		max_candidates = 0;
+	else if (max_candidates > MAX_TAGS)
+		max_candidates = MAX_TAGS;
 
-		if (*arg != '-')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--debug"))
-			debug = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all"))
-			all = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags"))
-			tags = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-			abbrev = strtoul(arg + 9, NULL, 10);
-			if (abbrev != 0 && (abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV || 40 < abbrev))
-				abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--candidates=")) {
-			max_candidates = strtoul(arg + 13, NULL, 10);
-			if (max_candidates < 1)
-				max_candidates = 1;
-			else if (max_candidates > MAX_TAGS)
-				max_candidates = MAX_TAGS;
+	save_commit_buffer = 0;
+
+	if (longformat && abbrev == 0)
+		die("--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0");
+
+	if (contains) {
+		const char **args = xmalloc((7 + argc) * sizeof(char *));
+		int i = 0;
+		args[i++] = "name-rev";
+		args[i++] = "--name-only";
+		args[i++] = "--no-undefined";
+		if (always)
+			args[i++] = "--always";
+		if (!all) {
+			args[i++] = "--tags";
+			if (pattern) {
+				char *s = xmalloc(strlen("--refs=refs/tags/") + strlen(pattern) + 1);
+				sprintf(s, "--refs=refs/tags/%s", pattern);
+				args[i++] = s;
+			}
 		}
-		else
-			usage(describe_usage);
+		memcpy(args + i, argv, argc * sizeof(char *));
+		args[i + argc] = NULL;
+		return cmd_name_rev(i + argc, args, prefix);
 	}
 
-	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-
-	if (argc <= i)
+	if (argc == 0) {
 		describe("HEAD", 1);
-	else
-		while (i < argc) {
-			describe(argv[i], (i == argc - 1));
-			i++;
+	} else {
+		while (argc-- > 0) {
+			describe(*argv++, argc == 0);
 		}
-
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff-files.c b/builtin-diff-files.c
index 6ba5077a2b..5b64011de8 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-files.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-files.c
@@ -10,26 +10,59 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 
 static const char diff_files_usage[] =
-"git-diff-files [-q] [-0/-1/2/3 |-c|--cc|-n|--no-index] [<common diff options>] [<path>...]"
+"git diff-files [-q] [-0/-1/2/3 |-c|--cc] [<common diff options>] [<path>...]"
 COMMON_DIFF_OPTIONS_HELP;
 
 int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
-	int nongit = 0;
 	int result;
+	unsigned options = 0;
 
-	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	git_config(git_default_config); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
 	rev.abbrev = 0;
 
-	if (!setup_diff_no_index(&rev, argc, argv, nongit, prefix))
-		argc = 0;
-	else
-		argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--base"))
+			rev.max_count = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--ours"))
+			rev.max_count = 2;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--theirs"))
+			rev.max_count = 3;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
+			options |= DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+		else
+			usage(diff_files_usage);
+		argv++; argc--;
+	}
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format)
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
-	result = run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
-	return rev.diffopt.exit_with_status ? rev.diffopt.has_changes: result;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure there are NO revision (i.e. pending object) parameter,
+	 * rev.max_count is reasonable (0 <= n <= 3), and
+	 * there is no other revision filtering parameters.
+	 */
+	if (rev.pending.nr ||
+	    rev.min_age != -1 || rev.max_age != -1 ||
+	    3 < rev.max_count)
+		usage(diff_files_usage);
+
+	/*
+	 * "diff-files --base -p" should not combine merges because it
+	 * was not asked to.  "diff-files -c -p" should not densify
+	 * (the user should ask with "diff-files --cc" explicitly).
+	 */
+	if (rev.max_count == -1 && !rev.combine_merges &&
+	    (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
+		rev.combine_merges = rev.dense_combined_merges = 1;
+
+	if (read_cache_preload(rev.diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+		perror("read_cache_preload");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	result = run_diff_files(&rev, options);
+	return diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, result);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff-index.c b/builtin-diff-index.c
index d90eba95a6..04837494fe 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-index.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-index.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 
 static const char diff_cache_usage[] =
-"git-diff-index [-m] [--cached] "
+"git diff-index [-m] [--cached] "
 "[<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 COMMON_DIFF_OPTIONS_HELP;
 
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int result;
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	git_config(git_default_config); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
 	rev.abbrev = 0;
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-			
+
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached"))
 			cached = 1;
 		else
@@ -39,10 +39,12 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (rev.pending.nr != 1 ||
 	    rev.max_count != -1 || rev.min_age != -1 || rev.max_age != -1)
 		usage(diff_cache_usage);
+	if (!cached)
+		setup_work_tree();
 	if (read_cache() < 0) {
 		perror("read_cache");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result = run_diff_index(&rev, cached);
-	return rev.diffopt.exit_with_status ? rev.diffopt.has_changes: result;
+	return diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, result);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff-tree.c b/builtin-diff-tree.c
index 0b591c8716..79cedb72c4 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-tree.c
@@ -14,20 +14,10 @@ static int diff_tree_commit_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return log_tree_commit(&log_tree_opt, commit);
 }
 
-static int diff_tree_stdin(char *line)
+/* Diff one or more commits. */
+static int stdin_diff_commit(struct commit *commit, char *line, int len)
 {
-	int len = strlen(line);
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct commit *commit;
-
-	if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
-		return -1;
-	line[len-1] = 0;
-	if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
-		return -1;
-	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
-	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-		return -1;
 	if (isspace(line[40]) && !get_sha1_hex(line+41, sha1)) {
 		/* Graft the fake parents locally to the commit */
 		int pos = 41;
@@ -52,8 +42,51 @@ static int diff_tree_stdin(char *line)
 	return log_tree_commit(&log_tree_opt, commit);
 }
 
+/* Diff two trees. */
+static int stdin_diff_trees(struct tree *tree1, char *line, int len)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct tree *tree2;
+	if (len != 82 || !isspace(line[40]) || get_sha1_hex(line + 41, sha1))
+		return error("Need exactly two trees, separated by a space");
+	tree2 = lookup_tree(sha1);
+	if (!tree2 || parse_tree(tree2))
+		return -1;
+	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree1->object.sha1),
+			  sha1_to_hex(tree2->object.sha1));
+	diff_tree_sha1(tree1->object.sha1, tree2->object.sha1,
+		       "", &log_tree_opt.diffopt);
+	log_tree_diff_flush(&log_tree_opt);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int diff_tree_stdin(char *line)
+{
+	int len = strlen(line);
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object *obj;
+
+	if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
+		return -1;
+	line[len-1] = 0;
+	if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
+		return -1;
+	obj = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj || !obj->parsed)
+		obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj)
+		return -1;
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return stdin_diff_commit((struct commit *)obj, line, len);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
+		return stdin_diff_trees((struct tree *)obj, line, len);
+	error("Object %s is a %s, not a commit or tree",
+	      sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj->type));
+	return -1;
+}
+
 static const char diff_tree_usage[] =
-"git-diff-tree [--stdin] [-m] [-c] [--cc] [-s] [-v] [--pretty] [-t] [-r] [--root] "
+"git diff-tree [--stdin] [-m] [-c] [--cc] [-s] [-v] [--pretty] [-t] [-r] [--root] "
 "[<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<tree-ish>] [<path>...]\n"
 "  -r            diff recursively\n"
 "  --root        include the initial commit as diff against /dev/null\n"
@@ -68,8 +101,7 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int read_stdin = 0;
 
 	init_revisions(opt, prefix);
-	git_config(git_default_config); /* no "diff" UI options */
-	nr_sha1 = 0;
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
 	opt->abbrev = 0;
 	opt->diff = 1;
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, opt, NULL);
@@ -117,22 +149,21 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if (!read_stdin)
-		return opt->diffopt.exit_with_status ?
-		    opt->diffopt.has_changes: 0;
+	if (read_stdin) {
+		if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename)
+			opt->diffopt.setup |= (DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE |
+					       DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE);
+		while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename)
-		opt->diffopt.setup |= (DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE |
-				       DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE);
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-		if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1)) {
-			fputs(line, stdout);
-			fflush(stdout);
+			if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1)) {
+				fputs(line, stdout);
+				fflush(stdout);
+			}
+			else
+				diff_tree_stdin(line);
 		}
-		else
-			diff_tree_stdin(line);
 	}
-	return opt->diffopt.exit_with_status ? opt->diffopt.has_changes: 0;
+
+	return diff_result_code(&opt->diffopt, 0);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff.c b/builtin-diff.c
index 21d13f0b30..2e51f408f9 100644
--- a/builtin-diff.c
+++ b/builtin-diff.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "color.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tag.h"
@@ -13,17 +14,14 @@
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
-/* NEEDSWORK: struct object has place for name but we _do_
- * know mode when we extracted the blob out of a tree, which
- * we currently lose.
- */
 struct blobinfo {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	const char *name;
+	unsigned mode;
 };
 
 static const char builtin_diff_usage[] =
-"git-diff <options> <rev>{0,2} -- <path>*";
+"git diff <options> <rev>{0,2} -- <path>*";
 
 static void stuff_change(struct diff_options *opt,
 			 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
@@ -35,10 +33,10 @@ static void stuff_change(struct diff_options *opt,
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
 
 	if (!is_null_sha1(old_sha1) && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
-	    !hashcmp(old_sha1, new_sha1))
+	    !hashcmp(old_sha1, new_sha1) && (old_mode == new_mode))
 		return;
 
-	if (opt->reverse_diff) {
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
 		unsigned tmp;
 		const unsigned char *tmp_u;
 		const char *tmp_c;
@@ -46,12 +44,17 @@ static void stuff_change(struct diff_options *opt,
 		tmp_u = old_sha1; old_sha1 = new_sha1; new_sha1 = tmp_u;
 		tmp_c = old_name; old_name = new_name; new_name = tmp_c;
 	}
+
+	if (opt->prefix &&
+	    (strncmp(old_name, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length) ||
+	     strncmp(new_name, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length)))
+		return;
+
 	one = alloc_filespec(old_name);
 	two = alloc_filespec(new_name);
 	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_mode);
 	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_mode);
 
-	/* NEEDSWORK: shouldn't this part of diffopt??? */
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
 }
 
@@ -67,11 +70,17 @@ static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die("'%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", path);
 	if (!(S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)))
 		die("'%s': not a regular file or symlink", path);
+
+	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "o/", "w/");
+
+	if (blob[0].mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[0].mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
+
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
-		     canon_mode(st.st_mode), canon_mode(st.st_mode),
+		     blob[0].mode, canon_mode(st.st_mode),
 		     blob[0].sha1, null_sha1,
 		     path, path);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -88,8 +97,14 @@ static int builtin_diff_blobs(struct rev_info *revs,
 	if (argc > 1)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
+	if (blob[0].mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[0].mode = mode;
+
+	if (blob[1].mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[1].mode = mode;
+
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
-		     mode, mode,
+		     blob[0].mode, blob[1].mode,
 		     blob[0].sha1, blob[1].sha1,
 		     blob[0].name, blob[1].name);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -103,12 +118,14 @@ static int builtin_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 	int cached = 0;
 	while (1 < argc) {
 		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached"))
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached") || !strcmp(arg, "--staged"))
 			cached = 1;
 		else
 			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 		argv++; argc--;
 	}
+	if (!cached)
+		setup_work_tree();
 	/*
 	 * Make sure there is one revision (i.e. pending object),
 	 * and there is no revision filtering parameters.
@@ -117,8 +134,8 @@ static int builtin_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 	    revs->max_count != -1 || revs->min_age != -1 ||
 	    revs->max_age != -1)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
-	if (read_cache() < 0) {
-		perror("read_cache");
+	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+		perror("read_cache_preload");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	return run_diff_index(revs, cached);
@@ -160,25 +177,69 @@ static int builtin_diff_combined(struct rev_info *revs,
 	if (!revs->dense_combined_merges && !revs->combine_merges)
 		revs->dense_combined_merges = revs->combine_merges = 1;
 	parent = xmalloc(ents * sizeof(*parent));
-	/* Again, the revs are all reverse */
 	for (i = 0; i < ents; i++)
-		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + i),
-			ent[ents - 1 - i].item->sha1);
+		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + i), ent[i].item->sha1);
 	diff_tree_combined(parent[0], parent + 1, ents - 1,
 			   revs->dense_combined_merges, revs);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void add_head(struct rev_info *revs)
+static void refresh_index_quietly(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct object *obj;
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
-		return;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj)
+	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	int fd;
+
+	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 0);
+	if (fd < 0)
 		return;
-	add_pending_object(revs, obj, "HEAD");
+	discard_cache();
+	read_cache();
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED);
+
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+	    !write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr))
+		commit_locked_index(lock_file);
+
+	rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
+}
+
+static int builtin_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int result;
+	unsigned int options = 0;
+
+	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--base"))
+			revs->max_count = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--ours"))
+			revs->max_count = 2;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--theirs"))
+			revs->max_count = 3;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
+			options |= DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+		else
+			return error("invalid option: %s", argv[1]);
+		argv++; argc--;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * "diff --base" should not combine merges because it was not
+	 * asked to.  "diff -c" should not densify (if the user wants
+	 * dense one, --cc can be explicitly asked for, or just rely
+	 * on the default).
+	 */
+	if (revs->max_count == -1 && !revs->combine_merges &&
+	    (revs->diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
+		revs->combine_merges = revs->dense_combined_merges = 1;
+
+	setup_work_tree();
+	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+		perror("read_cache_preload");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	result = run_diff_files(revs, options);
+	return diff_result_code(&revs->diffopt, result);
 }
 
 int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -189,7 +250,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int ents = 0, blobs = 0, paths = 0;
 	const char *path = NULL;
 	struct blobinfo blob[2];
-	int nongit = 0;
+	int nongit;
 	int result = 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -209,24 +270,51 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * N=2, M=0:
 	 *      tree vs tree (diff-tree)
 	 *
+	 * N=0, M=0, P=2:
+	 *      compare two filesystem entities (aka --no-index).
+	 *
 	 * Other cases are errors.
 	 */
 
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-	git_config(git_diff_ui_config);
+	git_config(git_diff_ui_config, NULL);
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 
-	if (!setup_diff_no_index(&rev, argc, argv, nongit, prefix))
-		argc = 0;
-	else
-		argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	/* If this is a no-index diff, just run it and exit there. */
+	diff_no_index(&rev, argc, argv, nongit, prefix);
+
+	/* Otherwise, we are doing the usual "git" diff */
+	rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = !!diff_auto_refresh_index;
+
+	/* Default to let external and textconv be used */
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+
+	if (nongit)
+		die("Not a git repository");
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format) {
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 		if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
 			die("diff_setup_done failed");
 	}
 
-	/* Do we have --cached and not have a pending object, then
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
+	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
+	 */
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	    check_pager_config("diff") != 0)
+		setup_pager();
+
+	/*
+	 * Do we have --cached and not have a pending object, then
 	 * default to HEAD by hand.  Eek.
 	 */
 	if (!rev.pending.nr) {
@@ -235,8 +323,9 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			const char *arg = argv[i];
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--"))
 				break;
-			else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached")) {
-				add_head(&rev);
+			else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached") ||
+				 !strcmp(arg, "--staged")) {
+				add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 				if (!rev.pending.nr)
 					die("No HEAD commit to compare with (yet)");
 				break;
@@ -271,6 +360,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				die("more than two blobs given: '%s'", name);
 			hashcpy(blob[blobs].sha1, obj->sha1);
 			blob[blobs].name = name;
+			blob[blobs].mode = list->mode;
 			blobs++;
 			continue;
 
@@ -293,7 +383,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!ents) {
 		switch (blobs) {
 		case 0:
-			result = run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
+			result = builtin_diff_files(&rev, argc, argv);
 			break;
 		case 1:
 			if (paths != 1)
@@ -326,7 +416,8 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else
 		result = builtin_diff_combined(&rev, argc, argv,
 					     ent, ents);
-	if (rev.diffopt.exit_with_status)
-		result = rev.diffopt.has_changes;
+	result = diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, result);
+	if (1 < rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch)
+		refresh_index_quietly();
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-fast-export.c b/builtin-fast-export.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca198250c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-fast-export.c
@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+/*
+ * "git fast-export" builtin command
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+ */
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static const char *fast_export_usage[] = {
+	"git fast-export [rev-list-opts]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int progress;
+static enum { VERBATIM, WARN, STRIP, ABORT } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
+static int fake_missing_tagger;
+
+static int parse_opt_signed_tag_mode(const struct option *opt,
+				     const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset || !strcmp(arg, "abort"))
+		signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "verbatim") || !strcmp(arg, "ignore"))
+		signed_tag_mode = VERBATIM;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "warn"))
+		signed_tag_mode = WARN;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "strip"))
+		signed_tag_mode = STRIP;
+	else
+		return error("Unknown signed-tag mode: %s", arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct decoration idnums;
+static uint32_t last_idnum;
+
+static int has_unshown_parent(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
+		if (!(parent->item->object.flags & SHOWN) &&
+		    !(parent->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Since intptr_t is C99, we do not use it here */
+static inline uint32_t *mark_to_ptr(uint32_t mark)
+{
+	return ((uint32_t *)NULL) + mark;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ptr_to_mark(void * mark)
+{
+	return (uint32_t *)mark - (uint32_t *)NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void mark_object(struct object *object, uint32_t mark)
+{
+	add_decoration(&idnums, object, mark_to_ptr(mark));
+}
+
+static inline void mark_next_object(struct object *object)
+{
+	mark_object(object, ++last_idnum);
+}
+
+static int get_object_mark(struct object *object)
+{
+	void *decoration = lookup_decoration(&idnums, object);
+	if (!decoration)
+		return 0;
+	return ptr_to_mark(decoration);
+}
+
+static void show_progress(void)
+{
+	static int counter = 0;
+	if (!progress)
+		return;
+	if ((++counter % progress) == 0)
+		printf("progress %d objects\n", counter);
+}
+
+static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf;
+	struct object *object;
+
+	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+		return;
+
+	object = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!object)
+		die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	if (object->flags & SHOWN)
+		return;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	mark_next_object(object);
+
+	printf("blob\nmark :%"PRIu32"\ndata %lu\n", last_idnum, size);
+	if (size && fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout) != 1)
+		die_errno ("Could not write blob '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	printf("\n");
+
+	show_progress();
+
+	object->flags |= SHOWN;
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static void show_filemodify(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+			    struct diff_options *options, void *data)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filespec *ospec = q->queue[i]->one;
+		struct diff_filespec *spec = q->queue[i]->two;
+
+		switch (q->queue[i]->status) {
+		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+			printf("D %s\n", spec->path);
+			break;
+
+		case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+			printf("%c \"%s\" \"%s\"\n", q->queue[i]->status,
+			       ospec->path, spec->path);
+
+			if (!hashcmp(ospec->sha1, spec->sha1) &&
+			    ospec->mode == spec->mode)
+				break;
+			/* fallthrough */
+
+		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
+			/*
+			 * Links refer to objects in another repositories;
+			 * output the SHA-1 verbatim.
+			 */
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(spec->mode))
+				printf("M %06o %s %s\n", spec->mode,
+				       sha1_to_hex(spec->sha1), spec->path);
+			else {
+				struct object *object = lookup_object(spec->sha1);
+				printf("M %06o :%d %s\n", spec->mode,
+				       get_object_mark(object), spec->path);
+			}
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			die("Unexpected comparison status '%c' for %s, %s",
+				q->queue[i]->status,
+				ospec->path ? ospec->path : "none",
+				spec->path ? spec->path : "none");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *find_encoding(const char *begin, const char *end)
+{
+	const char *needle = "\nencoding ";
+	char *bol, *eol;
+
+	bol = memmem(begin, end ? end - begin : strlen(begin),
+		     needle, strlen(needle));
+	if (!bol)
+		return git_commit_encoding;
+	bol += strlen(needle);
+	eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
+	*eol = '\0';
+	return bol;
+}
+
+static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	int saved_output_format = rev->diffopt.output_format;
+	const char *author, *author_end, *committer, *committer_end;
+	const char *encoding, *message;
+	char *reencoded = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	int i;
+
+	rev->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+
+	parse_commit(commit);
+	author = strstr(commit->buffer, "\nauthor ");
+	if (!author)
+		die ("Could not find author in commit %s",
+		     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	author++;
+	author_end = strchrnul(author, '\n');
+	committer = strstr(author_end, "\ncommitter ");
+	if (!committer)
+		die ("Could not find committer in commit %s",
+		     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	committer++;
+	committer_end = strchrnul(committer, '\n');
+	message = strstr(committer_end, "\n\n");
+	encoding = find_encoding(committer_end, message);
+	if (message)
+		message += 2;
+
+	if (commit->parents &&
+	    get_object_mark(&commit->parents->item->object) != 0) {
+		parse_commit(commit->parents->item);
+		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->tree->object.sha1,
+			       commit->tree->object.sha1, "", &rev->diffopt);
+	}
+	else
+		diff_root_tree_sha1(commit->tree->object.sha1,
+				    "", &rev->diffopt);
+
+	/* Export the referenced blobs, and remember the marks. */
+	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++)
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->mode))
+			handle_object(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->sha1);
+
+	mark_next_object(&commit->object);
+	if (!is_encoding_utf8(encoding))
+		reencoded = reencode_string(message, "UTF-8", encoding);
+	if (!commit->parents)
+		printf("reset %s\n", (const char*)commit->util);
+	printf("commit %s\nmark :%"PRIu32"\n%.*s\n%.*s\ndata %u\n%s",
+	       (const char *)commit->util, last_idnum,
+	       (int)(author_end - author), author,
+	       (int)(committer_end - committer), committer,
+	       (unsigned)(reencoded
+			  ? strlen(reencoded) : message
+			  ? strlen(message) : 0),
+	       reencoded ? reencoded : message ? message : "");
+	free(reencoded);
+
+	for (i = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		int mark = get_object_mark(&p->item->object);
+		if (!mark)
+			continue;
+		if (i == 0)
+			printf("from :%d\n", mark);
+		else
+			printf("merge :%d\n", mark);
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	log_tree_diff_flush(rev);
+	rev->diffopt.output_format = saved_output_format;
+
+	printf("\n");
+
+	show_progress();
+}
+
+static void handle_tail(struct object_array *commits, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	while (commits->nr) {
+		commit = (struct commit *)commits->objects[commits->nr - 1].item;
+		if (has_unshown_parent(commit))
+			return;
+		handle_commit(commit, revs);
+		commits->nr--;
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf;
+	const char *tagger, *tagger_end, *message;
+	size_t message_size = 0;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		die ("Could not read tag %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+	message = memmem(buf, size, "\n\n", 2);
+	if (message) {
+		message += 2;
+		message_size = strlen(message);
+	}
+	tagger = memmem(buf, message ? message - buf : size, "\ntagger ", 8);
+	if (!tagger) {
+		if (fake_missing_tagger)
+			tagger = "tagger Unspecified Tagger "
+				"<unspecified-tagger> 0 +0000";
+		else
+			tagger = "";
+		tagger_end = tagger + strlen(tagger);
+	} else {
+		tagger++;
+		tagger_end = strchrnul(tagger, '\n');
+	}
+
+	/* handle signed tags */
+	if (message) {
+		const char *signature = strstr(message,
+					       "\n-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----\n");
+		if (signature)
+			switch(signed_tag_mode) {
+			case ABORT:
+				die ("Encountered signed tag %s; use "
+				     "--signed-tag=<mode> to handle it.",
+				     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+			case WARN:
+				warning ("Exporting signed tag %s",
+					 sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				/* fallthru */
+			case VERBATIM:
+				break;
+			case STRIP:
+				message_size = signature + 1 - message;
+				break;
+			}
+	}
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/"))
+		name += 10;
+	printf("tag %s\nfrom :%d\n%.*s%sdata %d\n%.*s\n",
+	       name, get_object_mark(tag->tagged),
+	       (int)(tagger_end - tagger), tagger,
+	       tagger == tagger_end ? "" : "\n",
+	       (int)message_size, (int)message_size, message ? message : "");
+}
+
+static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
+				    struct string_list *extra_refs)
+{
+	struct tag *tag;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pending->nr; i++) {
+		struct object_array_entry *e = pending->objects + i;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct commit *commit = commit;
+		char *full_name;
+
+		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &full_name) != 1)
+			continue;
+
+		switch (e->item->type) {
+		case OBJ_COMMIT:
+			commit = (struct commit *)e->item;
+			break;
+		case OBJ_TAG:
+			tag = (struct tag *)e->item;
+
+			/* handle nested tags */
+			while (tag && tag->object.type == OBJ_TAG) {
+				parse_object(tag->object.sha1);
+				string_list_append(full_name, extra_refs)->util = tag;
+				tag = (struct tag *)tag->tagged;
+			}
+			if (!tag)
+				die ("Tag %s points nowhere?", e->name);
+			switch(tag->object.type) {
+			case OBJ_COMMIT:
+				commit = (struct commit *)tag;
+				break;
+			case OBJ_BLOB:
+				handle_object(tag->object.sha1);
+				continue;
+			default: /* OBJ_TAG (nested tags) is already handled */
+				warning("Tag points to object of unexpected type %s, skipping.",
+					typename(tag->object.type));
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			warning("%s: Unexpected object of type %s, skipping.",
+				e->name,
+				typename(e->item->type));
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (commit->util)
+			/* more than one name for the same object */
+			string_list_append(full_name, extra_refs)->util = commit;
+		else
+			commit->util = full_name;
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_tags_and_duplicates(struct string_list *extra_refs)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = extra_refs->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		const char *name = extra_refs->items[i].string;
+		struct object *object = extra_refs->items[i].util;
+		switch (object->type) {
+		case OBJ_TAG:
+			handle_tag(name, (struct tag *)object);
+			break;
+		case OBJ_COMMIT:
+			/* create refs pointing to already seen commits */
+			commit = (struct commit *)object;
+			printf("reset %s\nfrom :%d\n\n", name,
+			       get_object_mark(&commit->object));
+			show_progress();
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void export_marks(char *file)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	uint32_t mark;
+	struct object_decoration *deco = idnums.hash;
+	FILE *f;
+	int e = 0;
+
+	f = fopen(file, "w");
+	if (!f)
+		error("Unable to open marks file %s for writing.", file);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < idnums.size; i++) {
+		if (deco->base && deco->base->type == 1) {
+			mark = ptr_to_mark(deco->decoration);
+			if (fprintf(f, ":%"PRIu32" %s\n", mark,
+				sha1_to_hex(deco->base->sha1)) < 0) {
+			    e = 1;
+			    break;
+			}
+		}
+		deco++;
+	}
+
+	e |= ferror(f);
+	e |= fclose(f);
+	if (e)
+		error("Unable to write marks file %s.", file);
+}
+
+static void import_marks(char *input_file)
+{
+	char line[512];
+	FILE *f = fopen(input_file, "r");
+	if (!f)
+		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", input_file);
+
+	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
+		uint32_t mark;
+		char *line_end, *mark_end;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object *object;
+
+		line_end = strchr(line, '\n');
+		if (line[0] != ':' || !line_end)
+			die("corrupt mark line: %s", line);
+		*line_end = '\0';
+
+		mark = strtoumax(line + 1, &mark_end, 10);
+		if (!mark || mark_end == line + 1
+			|| *mark_end != ' ' || get_sha1(mark_end + 1, sha1))
+			die("corrupt mark line: %s", line);
+
+		object = parse_object(sha1);
+		if (!object)
+			die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+		if (object->flags & SHOWN)
+			error("Object %s already has a mark", sha1);
+
+		mark_object(object, mark);
+		if (last_idnum < mark)
+			last_idnum = mark;
+
+		object->flags |= SHOWN;
+	}
+	fclose(f);
+}
+
+int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct object_array commits = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	struct string_list extra_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct commit *commit;
+	char *export_filename = NULL, *import_filename = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "progress", &progress,
+			    "show progress after <n> objects"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "signed-tags", &signed_tag_mode, "mode",
+			     "select handling of signed tags",
+			     parse_opt_signed_tag_mode),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, "FILE",
+			     "Dump marks to this file"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, "FILE",
+			     "Import marks from this file"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "fake-missing-tagger", &fake_missing_tagger,
+			     "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	if (argc == 1)
+		usage_with_options (fast_export_usage, options);
+
+	/* we handle encodings */
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fast_export_usage, 0);
+	if (argc > 1)
+		usage_with_options (fast_export_usage, options);
+
+	if (import_filename)
+		import_marks(import_filename);
+
+	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.pending, &extra_refs);
+
+	revs.topo_order = 1;
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	revs.diffopt.format_callback = show_filemodify;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs))) {
+		if (has_unshown_parent(commit)) {
+			struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
+			add_object_array(&commit->object, NULL, &commits);
+			for (; parent; parent = parent->next)
+				if (!parent->item->util)
+					parent->item->util = commit->util;
+		}
+		else {
+			handle_commit(commit, &revs);
+			handle_tail(&commits, &revs);
+		}
+	}
+
+	handle_tags_and_duplicates(&extra_refs);
+
+	if (export_filename)
+		export_marks(export_filename);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/builtin-fetch--tool.c
index e9d6764550..3dbdf7a288 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch--tool.c
@@ -1,27 +1,16 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-
-#define CHUNK_SIZE 1024
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static char *get_stdin(void)
 {
-	int offset = 0;
-	char *data = xmalloc(CHUNK_SIZE);
-
-	while (1) {
-		int cnt = xread(0, data + offset, CHUNK_SIZE);
-		if (cnt < 0)
-			die("error reading standard input: %s",
-			    strerror(errno));
-		if (cnt == 0) {
-			data[offset] = 0;
-			break;
-		}
-		offset += cnt;
-		data = xrealloc(data, offset + CHUNK_SIZE);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0) {
+		die_errno("error reading standard input");
 	}
-	return data;
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
 static void show_new(enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1_new)
@@ -30,27 +19,19 @@ static void show_new(enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1_new)
 		find_unique_abbrev(sha1_new, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 }
 
-static int update_ref(const char *action,
+static int update_ref_env(const char *action,
 		      const char *refname,
 		      unsigned char *sha1,
 		      unsigned char *oldval)
 {
-	int len;
 	char msg[1024];
-	char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
-	static struct ref_lock *lock;
+	const char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
 
 	if (!rla)
 		rla = "(reflog update)";
-	len = snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action);
-	if (sizeof(msg) <= len)
-		die("insanely long action");
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(refname, oldval);
-	if (!lock)
-		return 1;
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
+	if (snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action) >= sizeof(msg))
+		warning("reflog message too long: %.*s...", 50, msg);
+	return update_ref(msg, refname, sha1, oldval, 0, QUIET_ON_ERR);
 }
 
 static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
@@ -80,7 +61,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 	}
 
 	if (get_sha1(name, sha1_old)) {
-		char *msg;
+		const char *msg;
 	just_store:
 		/* new ref */
 		if (!strncmp(name, "refs/tags/", 10))
@@ -90,7 +71,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: storing %s\n",
 			name, note);
 		show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		return update_ref(msg, name, sha1_new, NULL);
+		return update_ref_env(msg, name, sha1_new, NULL);
 	}
 
 	if (!hashcmp(sha1_old, sha1_new)) {
@@ -104,7 +85,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 	if (!strncmp(name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: updating with %s\n", name, note);
 		show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		return update_ref("updating tag", name, sha1_new, NULL);
+		return update_ref_env("updating tag", name, sha1_new, NULL);
 	}
 
 	current = lookup_commit_reference(sha1_old);
@@ -119,7 +100,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: fast forward to %s\n",
 			name, note);
 		fprintf(stderr, "  old..new: %s..%s\n", oldh, newh);
-		return update_ref("fast forward", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
+		return update_ref_env("fast forward", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
 	}
 	if (!force) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
@@ -133,7 +114,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 		"* %s: forcing update to non-fast forward %s\n",
 		name, note);
 	fprintf(stderr, "  old...new: %s...%s\n", oldh, newh);
-	return update_ref("forced-update", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
+	return update_ref_env("forced-update", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
 }
 
 static int append_fetch_head(FILE *fp,
@@ -150,7 +131,7 @@ static int append_fetch_head(FILE *fp,
 
 	if (get_sha1(head, sha1))
 		return error("Not a valid object name: %s", head);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 	if (!commit)
 		not_for_merge = 1;
 
@@ -206,7 +187,7 @@ static void remove_keep(void)
 static void remove_keep_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_keep();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -241,19 +222,15 @@ static char *find_local_name(const char *remote_name, const char *refs,
 		}
 		if (!strncmp(remote_name, ref, len) && ref[len] == ':') {
 			const char *local_part = ref + len + 1;
-			char *ret;
 			int retlen;
 
 			if (!next)
 				retlen = strlen(local_part);
 			else
 				retlen = next - local_part;
-			ret = xmalloc(retlen + 1);
-			memcpy(ret, local_part, retlen);
-			ret[retlen] = 0;
 			*force_p = single_force;
 			*not_for_merge_p = not_for_merge;
-			return ret;
+			return xmemdupz(local_part, retlen);
 		}
 		ref = next;
 	}
@@ -269,7 +246,7 @@ static int fetch_native_store(FILE *fp,
 	char buffer[1024];
 	int err = 0;
 
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_keep_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_keep_on_signal);
 	atexit(remove_keep);
 
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin)) {
@@ -436,10 +413,83 @@ static int expand_refs_wildcard(const char *ls_remote_result, int numrefs,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int pick_rref(int sha1_only, const char *rref, const char *ls_remote_result)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int lrr_count = lrr_count, i, pass;
+	const char *cp;
+	struct lrr {
+		const char *line;
+		const char *name;
+		int namelen;
+		int shown;
+	} *lrr_list = lrr_list;
+
+	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
+		/* pass 0 counts and allocates, pass 1 fills... */
+		cp = ls_remote_result;
+		i = 0;
+		while (1) {
+			const char *np;
+			while (*cp && isspace(*cp))
+				cp++;
+			if (!*cp)
+				break;
+			np = strchrnul(cp, '\n');
+			if (pass) {
+				lrr_list[i].line = cp;
+				lrr_list[i].name = cp + 41;
+				lrr_list[i].namelen = np - (cp + 41);
+			}
+			i++;
+			cp = np;
+		}
+		if (!pass) {
+			lrr_count = i;
+			lrr_list = xcalloc(lrr_count, sizeof(*lrr_list));
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		const char *next;
+		int rreflen;
+		int i;
+
+		while (*rref && isspace(*rref))
+			rref++;
+		if (!*rref)
+			break;
+		next = strchrnul(rref, '\n');
+		rreflen = next - rref;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < lrr_count; i++) {
+			struct lrr *lrr = &(lrr_list[i]);
+
+			if (rreflen == lrr->namelen &&
+			    !memcmp(lrr->name, rref, rreflen)) {
+				if (!lrr->shown)
+					printf("%.*s\n",
+					       sha1_only ? 40 : lrr->namelen + 41,
+					       lrr->line);
+				lrr->shown = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (lrr_count <= i) {
+			error("pick-rref: %.*s not found", rreflen, rref);
+			err = 1;
+		}
+		rref = next;
+	}
+	free(lrr_list);
+	return err;
+}
+
 int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int verbose = 0;
 	int force = 0;
+	int sopt = 0;
 
 	while (1 < argc) {
 		const char *arg = argv[1];
@@ -447,6 +497,8 @@ int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			verbose = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp("-f", arg))
 			force = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-s", arg))
+			sopt = 1;
 		else
 			break;
 		argc--;
@@ -459,10 +511,14 @@ int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!strcmp("append-fetch-head", argv[1])) {
 		int result;
 		FILE *fp;
+		char *filename;
 
 		if (argc != 8)
 			return error("append-fetch-head takes 6 args");
-		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "a");
+		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
+		if (!fp)
+			return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
 		result = append_fetch_head(fp, argv[2], argv[3],
 					   argv[4], argv[5],
 					   argv[6], !!argv[7][0],
@@ -473,10 +529,14 @@ int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!strcmp("native-store", argv[1])) {
 		int result;
 		FILE *fp;
+		char *filename;
 
 		if (argc != 5)
 			return error("fetch-native-store takes 3 args");
-		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "a");
+		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
+		if (!fp)
+			return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
 		result = fetch_native_store(fp, argv[2], argv[3], argv[4],
 					    verbose, force);
 		fclose(fp);
@@ -491,6 +551,15 @@ int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			reflist = get_stdin();
 		return parse_reflist(reflist);
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("pick-rref", argv[1])) {
+		const char *ls_remote_result;
+		if (argc != 4)
+			return error("pick-rref takes 2 args");
+		ls_remote_result = argv[3];
+		if (!strcmp(ls_remote_result, "-"))
+			ls_remote_result = get_stdin();
+		return pick_rref(sopt, argv[2], ls_remote_result);
+	}
 	if (!strcmp("expand-refs-wildcard", argv[1])) {
 		const char *reflist;
 		if (argc < 4)
diff --git a/fetch-pack.c b/builtin-fetch-pack.c
index 06f4aeced4..629735f547 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch-pack.c
@@ -6,19 +6,20 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
+#include "fetch-pack.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
-static int keep_pack;
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
-static int quiet;
-static int verbose;
-static int fetch_all;
-static int depth;
-static int no_progress;
+static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
+static struct fetch_pack_args args = {
+	/* .uploadpack = */ "git-upload-pack",
+};
+
 static const char fetch_pack_usage[] =
-"git-fetch-pack [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
-static const char *uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
+"git fetch-pack [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
 
 #define COMPLETE	(1U << 0)
 #define COMMON		(1U << 1)
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ static const char *uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
 #define SEEN		(1U << 3)
 #define POPPED		(1U << 4)
 
+static int marked;
+
 /*
  * After sending this many "have"s if we do not get any new ACK , we
  * give up traversing our history.
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ static const char *uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
 #define MAX_IN_VAIN 256
 
 static struct commit_list *rev_list;
-static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_thin_pack, use_sideband;
+static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband;
 
 static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
 {
@@ -41,7 +44,8 @@ static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
 		commit->object.flags |= mark;
 
 		if (!(commit->object.parsed))
-			parse_commit(commit);
+			if (parse_commit(commit))
+				return;
 
 		insert_by_date(commit, &rev_list);
 
@@ -60,6 +64,16 @@ static int rev_list_insert_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int clear_marks(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), path, 0);
+
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
+				   COMMON | COMMON_REF | SEEN | POPPED);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
    This function marks a rev and its ancestors as common.
    In some cases, it is desirable to mark only the ancestors (for example
@@ -83,7 +97,8 @@ static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
 			if (!ancestors_only && !(o->flags & POPPED))
 				non_common_revs--;
 			if (!o->parsed && !dont_parse)
-				parse_commit(commit);
+				if (parse_commit(commit))
+					return;
 
 			for (parents = commit->parents;
 					parents;
@@ -97,25 +112,25 @@ static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
   Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
 */
 
-static const unsigned char* get_rev(void)
+static const unsigned char *get_rev(void)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 
 	while (commit == NULL) {
 		unsigned int mark;
-		struct commit_list* parents;
+		struct commit_list *parents;
 
 		if (rev_list == NULL || non_common_revs == 0)
 			return NULL;
 
 		commit = rev_list->item;
-		if (!(commit->object.parsed))
+		if (!commit->object.parsed)
 			parse_commit(commit);
+		parents = commit->parents;
+
 		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
 		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
 			non_common_revs--;
-	
-		parents = commit->parents;
 
 		if (commit->object.flags & COMMON) {
 			/* do not send "have", and ignore ancestors */
@@ -151,6 +166,10 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 	unsigned in_vain = 0;
 	int got_continue = 0;
 
+	if (marked)
+		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
+	marked = 1;
+
 	for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref, NULL);
 
 	fetching = 0;
@@ -174,32 +193,32 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 		}
 
 		if (!fetching)
-			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
 				     sha1_to_hex(remote),
 				     (multi_ack ? " multi_ack" : ""),
 				     (use_sideband == 2 ? " side-band-64k" : ""),
 				     (use_sideband == 1 ? " side-band" : ""),
-				     (use_thin_pack ? " thin-pack" : ""),
-				     (no_progress ? " no-progress" : ""),
-				     " ofs-delta");
+				     (args.use_thin_pack ? " thin-pack" : ""),
+				     (args.no_progress ? " no-progress" : ""),
+				     (args.include_tag ? " include-tag" : ""),
+				     (prefer_ofs_delta ? " ofs-delta" : ""));
 		else
 			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote));
 		fetching++;
 	}
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		write_shallow_commits(fd[1], 1);
-	if (depth > 0)
-		packet_write(fd[1], "deepen %d", depth);
+	if (args.depth > 0)
+		packet_write(fd[1], "deepen %d", args.depth);
 	packet_flush(fd[1]);
 	if (!fetching)
 		return 1;
 
-	if (depth > 0) {
+	if (args.depth > 0) {
 		char line[1024];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len;
 
-		while ((len = packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line)))) {
+		while (packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line))) {
 			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
 					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
@@ -212,7 +231,8 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 				if (!lookup_object(sha1))
 					die("object not found: %s", line);
 				/* make sure that it is parsed as shallow */
-				parse_object(sha1);
+				if (!parse_object(sha1))
+					die("error in object: %s", line);
 				if (unregister_shallow(sha1))
 					die("no shallow found: %s", line);
 				continue;
@@ -225,7 +245,7 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 	retval = -1;
 	while ((sha1 = get_rev())) {
 		packet_write(fd[1], "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (verbose)
+		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		in_vain++;
 		if (!(31 & ++count)) {
@@ -243,7 +263,7 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 
 			do {
 				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
-				if (verbose && ack)
+				if (args.verbose && ack)
 					fprintf(stderr, "got ack %d %s\n", ack,
 							sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
 				if (ack == 1) {
@@ -262,7 +282,7 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 			} while (ack);
 			flushes--;
 			if (got_continue && MAX_IN_VAIN < in_vain) {
-				if (verbose)
+				if (args.verbose)
 					fprintf(stderr, "giving up\n");
 				break; /* give up */
 			}
@@ -270,7 +290,7 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 	}
 done:
 	packet_write(fd[1], "done\n");
-	if (verbose)
+	if (args.verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
 	if (retval != 0) {
 		multi_ack = 0;
@@ -279,7 +299,7 @@ done:
 	while (flushes || multi_ack) {
 		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
 		if (ack) {
-			if (verbose)
+			if (args.verbose)
 				fprintf(stderr, "got ack (%d) %s\n", ack,
 					sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
 			if (ack == 1)
@@ -289,7 +309,8 @@ done:
 		}
 		flushes--;
 	}
-	return retval;
+	/* it is no error to fetch into a completely empty repo */
+	return count ? retval : 0;
 }
 
 static struct commit_list *complete;
@@ -316,7 +337,7 @@ static int mark_complete(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 static void mark_recent_complete_commits(unsigned long cutoff)
 {
 	while (complete && cutoff <= complete->item->date) {
-		if (verbose)
+		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Marking %s as complete\n",
 				sha1_to_hex(complete->item->object.sha1));
 		pop_most_recent_commit(&complete, COMPLETE);
@@ -331,7 +352,7 @@ static void filter_refs(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 	struct ref *ref, *next;
 	struct ref *fastarray[32];
 
-	if (nr_match && !fetch_all) {
+	if (nr_match && !args.fetch_all) {
 		if (ARRAY_SIZE(fastarray) < nr_match)
 			return_refs = xcalloc(nr_match, sizeof(struct ref *));
 		else {
@@ -347,8 +368,8 @@ static void filter_refs(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 		if (!memcmp(ref->name, "refs/", 5) &&
 		    check_ref_format(ref->name + 5))
 			; /* trash */
-		else if (fetch_all &&
-			 (!depth || prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") )) {
+		else if (args.fetch_all &&
+			 (!args.depth || prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") )) {
 			*newtail = ref;
 			ref->next = NULL;
 			newtail = &ref->next;
@@ -364,7 +385,7 @@ static void filter_refs(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 		free(ref);
 	}
 
-	if (!fetch_all) {
+	if (!args.fetch_all) {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_match; i++) {
 			ref = return_refs[i];
@@ -386,7 +407,6 @@ static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 	int retval;
 	unsigned long cutoff = 0;
 
-	track_object_refs = 0;
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
 	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -407,7 +427,7 @@ static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!depth) {
+	if (!args.depth) {
 		for_each_ref(mark_complete, NULL);
 		if (cutoff)
 			mark_recent_complete_commits(cutoff);
@@ -441,7 +461,7 @@ static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 		o = lookup_object(remote);
 		if (!o || !(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
 			retval = 0;
-			if (!verbose)
+			if (!args.verbose)
 				continue;
 			fprintf(stderr,
 				"want %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
@@ -450,7 +470,7 @@ static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 		}
 
 		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, local);
-		if (!verbose)
+		if (!args.verbose)
 			continue;
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"already have %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
@@ -459,60 +479,51 @@ static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
 	return retval;
 }
 
-static pid_t setup_sideband(int fd[2], int xd[2])
+static int sideband_demux(int fd, void *data)
 {
-	pid_t side_pid;
+	int *xd = data;
 
-	if (!use_sideband) {
-		fd[0] = xd[0];
-		fd[1] = xd[1];
-		return 0;
-	}
-	/* xd[] is talking with upload-pack; subprocess reads from
-	 * xd[0], spits out band#2 to stderr, and feeds us band#1
-	 * through our fd[0].
-	 */
-	if (pipe(fd) < 0)
-		die("fetch-pack: unable to set up pipe");
-	side_pid = fork();
-	if (side_pid < 0)
-		die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer");
-	if (!side_pid) {
-		/* subprocess */
-		close(fd[0]);
-		if (xd[0] != xd[1])
-			close(xd[1]);
-		if (recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], fd[1], 2))
-			exit(1);
-		exit(0);
-	}
-	close(xd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
-	fd[1] = xd[1];
-	return side_pid;
+	int ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], fd);
+	close(fd);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static int get_pack(int xd[2])
+static int get_pack(int xd[2], char **pack_lockfile)
 {
-	int status;
-	pid_t pid, side_pid;
-	int fd[2];
+	struct async demux;
 	const char *argv[20];
 	char keep_arg[256];
 	char hdr_arg[256];
 	const char **av;
-	int do_keep = keep_pack;
-
-	side_pid = setup_sideband(fd, xd);
+	int do_keep = args.keep_pack;
+	struct child_process cmd;
+
+	memset(&demux, 0, sizeof(demux));
+	if (use_sideband) {
+		/* xd[] is talking with upload-pack; subprocess reads from
+		 * xd[0], spits out band#2 to stderr, and feeds us band#1
+		 * through demux->out.
+		 */
+		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
+		demux.data = xd;
+		if (start_async(&demux))
+			die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband"
+			    " demultiplexer");
+	}
+	else
+		demux.out = xd[0];
 
+	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
+	cmd.argv = argv;
 	av = argv;
 	*hdr_arg = 0;
-	if (unpack_limit) {
+	if (!args.keep_pack && unpack_limit) {
 		struct pack_header header;
 
-		if (read_pack_header(fd[0], &header))
+		if (read_pack_header(demux.out, &header))
 			die("protocol error: bad pack header");
-		snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg), "--pack_header=%u,%u",
+		snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
+			 "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
 			 ntohl(header.hdr_version), ntohl(header.hdr_entries));
 		if (ntohl(header.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit)
 			do_keep = 0;
@@ -521,15 +532,17 @@ static int get_pack(int xd[2])
 	}
 
 	if (do_keep) {
+		if (pack_lockfile)
+			cmd.out = -1;
 		*av++ = "index-pack";
 		*av++ = "--stdin";
-		if (!quiet && !no_progress)
+		if (!args.quiet && !args.no_progress)
 			*av++ = "-v";
-		if (use_thin_pack)
+		if (args.use_thin_pack)
 			*av++ = "--fix-thin";
-		if (keep_pack > 1 || unpack_limit) {
+		if (args.lock_pack || unpack_limit) {
 			int s = sprintf(keep_arg,
-					"--keep=fetch-pack %d on ", getpid());
+					"--keep=fetch-pack %"PRIuMAX " on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
 			if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
 				strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
 			*av++ = keep_arg;
@@ -537,90 +550,76 @@ static int get_pack(int xd[2])
 	}
 	else {
 		*av++ = "unpack-objects";
-		if (quiet)
+		if (args.quiet)
 			*av++ = "-q";
 	}
 	if (*hdr_arg)
 		*av++ = hdr_arg;
 	*av++ = NULL;
 
-	pid = fork();
-	if (pid < 0)
+	cmd.in = demux.out;
+	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&cmd))
 		die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s", argv[0]);
-	if (!pid) {
-		dup2(fd[0], 0);
-		close(fd[0]);
-		close(fd[1]);
-		execv_git_cmd(argv);
-		die("%s exec failed", argv[0]);
-	}
-	close(fd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
-	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
-		if (errno != EINTR)
-			die("waiting for %s: %s", argv[0], strerror(errno));
-	}
-	if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
-		int code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		if (code)
-			die("%s died with error code %d", argv[0], code);
-		return 0;
+	if (do_keep && pack_lockfile) {
+		*pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(cmd.out);
+		close(cmd.out);
 	}
-	if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
-		int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
-		die("%s died of signal %d", argv[0], sig);
-	}
-	die("%s died of unnatural causes %d", argv[0], status);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cmd))
+		die("%s failed", argv[0]);
+	if (use_sideband && finish_async(&demux))
+		die("error in sideband demultiplexer");
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int fetch_pack(int fd[2], int nr_match, char **match)
+static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(int fd[2],
+		const struct ref *orig_ref,
+		int nr_match,
+		char **match,
+		char **pack_lockfile)
 {
-	struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, 0);
 	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
 		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
 	if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
-		if (verbose)
+		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack\n");
 		multi_ack = 1;
 	}
 	if (server_supports("side-band-64k")) {
-		if (verbose)
+		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band-64k\n");
 		use_sideband = 2;
 	}
 	else if (server_supports("side-band")) {
-		if (verbose)
+		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
 		use_sideband = 1;
 	}
-	if (!ref) {
-		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-		die("no matching remote head");
-	}
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta")) {
+		if (args.verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports ofs-delta\n");
+	} else
+		prefer_ofs_delta = 0;
 	if (everything_local(&ref, nr_match, match)) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 		goto all_done;
 	}
 	if (find_common(fd, sha1, ref) < 0)
-		if (keep_pack != 1)
+		if (!args.keep_pack)
 			/* When cloning, it is not unusual to have
 			 * no common commit.
 			 */
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: no common commits\n");
+			warning("no common commits");
 
-	if (get_pack(fd))
-		die("git-fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
+	if (get_pack(fd, pack_lockfile))
+		die("git fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
 
  all_done:
-	while (ref) {
-		printf("%s %s\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
-		ref = ref->next;
-	}
-	return 0;
+	return ref;
 }
 
 static int remove_duplicates(int nr_heads, char **heads)
@@ -642,11 +641,10 @@ static int remove_duplicates(int nr_heads, char **heads)
 			heads[dst] = heads[src];
 		dst++;
 	}
-	heads[dst] = 0;
 	return dst;
 }
 
-static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (strcmp(var, "fetch.unpacklimit") == 0) {
 		fetch_unpack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
@@ -658,95 +656,113 @@ static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
+		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static struct lock_file lock;
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
 {
-	int i, ret, nr_heads;
-	char *dest = NULL, **heads;
-	int fd[2];
-	pid_t pid;
-	struct stat st;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(fetch_pack_config);
-
+	static int did_setup;
+	if (did_setup)
+		return;
+	git_config(fetch_pack_config, NULL);
 	if (0 <= transfer_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = transfer_unpack_limit;
 	else if (0 <= fetch_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = fetch_unpack_limit;
+	did_setup = 1;
+}
+
+int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i, ret, nr_heads;
+	struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	char *dest = NULL, **heads;
+	int fd[2];
+	struct child_process *conn;
 
 	nr_heads = 0;
 	heads = NULL;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		char *arg = argv[i];
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 14;
+				args.uploadpack = arg + 14;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 7;
+				args.uploadpack = arg + 7;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("--quiet", arg) || !strcmp("-q", arg)) {
-				quiet = 1;
+				args.quiet = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("--keep", arg) || !strcmp("-k", arg)) {
-				keep_pack++;
-				unpack_limit = 0;
+				args.lock_pack = args.keep_pack;
+				args.keep_pack = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("--thin", arg)) {
-				use_thin_pack = 1;
+				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
+				args.include_tag = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("--all", arg)) {
-				fetch_all = 1;
+				args.fetch_all = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("-v", arg)) {
-				verbose = 1;
+				args.verbose = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
-				depth = strtol(arg + 8, NULL, 0);
-				if (stat(git_path("shallow"), &st))
-					st.st_mtime = 0;
+				args.depth = strtol(arg + 8, NULL, 0);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp("--no-progress", arg)) {
-				no_progress = 1;
+				args.no_progress = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			usage(fetch_pack_usage);
 		}
-		dest = arg;
-		heads = argv + i + 1;
+		dest = (char *)arg;
+		heads = (char **)(argv + i + 1);
 		nr_heads = argc - i - 1;
 		break;
 	}
 	if (!dest)
 		usage(fetch_pack_usage);
-	pid = git_connect(fd, dest, uploadpack);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return 1;
-	if (heads && nr_heads)
-		nr_heads = remove_duplicates(nr_heads, heads);
-	ret = fetch_pack(fd, nr_heads, heads);
-	close(fd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
-	ret |= finish_connect(pid);
+
+	conn = git_connect(fd, (char *)dest, args.uploadpack,
+			   args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
+	if (conn) {
+		get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+
+		ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest, nr_heads, heads, NULL);
+		close(fd[0]);
+		close(fd[1]);
+		if (finish_connect(conn))
+			ref = NULL;
+	} else {
+		ref = NULL;
+	}
+	ret = !ref;
 
 	if (!ret && nr_heads) {
 		/* If the heads to pull were given, we should have
 		 * consumed all of them by matching the remote.
-		 * Otherwise, 'git-fetch remote no-such-ref' would
+		 * Otherwise, 'git fetch remote no-such-ref' would
 		 * silently succeed without issuing an error.
 		 */
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
@@ -755,35 +771,69 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				ret = 1;
 			}
 	}
+	while (ref) {
+		printf("%s %s\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
+		ref = ref->next;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *my_args,
+		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+		       const struct ref *ref,
+		const char *dest,
+		int nr_heads,
+		char **heads,
+		char **pack_lockfile)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct ref *ref_cpy;
+
+	fetch_pack_setup();
+	if (&args != my_args)
+		memcpy(&args, my_args, sizeof(args));
+	if (args.depth > 0) {
+		if (stat(git_path("shallow"), &st))
+			st.st_mtime = 0;
+	}
 
-	if (!ret && depth > 0) {
+	if (heads && nr_heads)
+		nr_heads = remove_duplicates(nr_heads, heads);
+	if (!ref) {
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+		die("no matching remote head");
+	}
+	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(fd, ref, nr_heads, heads, pack_lockfile);
+
+	if (args.depth > 0) {
 		struct cache_time mtime;
 		char *shallow = git_path("shallow");
 		int fd;
 
 		mtime.sec = st.st_mtime;
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-		mtime.usec = st.st_mtim.usec;
-#endif
+		mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
 		if (stat(shallow, &st)) {
 			if (mtime.sec)
 				die("shallow file was removed during fetch");
 		} else if (st.st_mtime != mtime.sec
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
-				|| st.st_mtim.usec != mtime.usec
+				|| ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) != mtime.nsec
 #endif
 			  )
 			die("shallow file was changed during fetch");
 
-		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, shallow, 1);
+		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, shallow,
+					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 		if (!write_shallow_commits(fd, 0)) {
-			unlink(shallow);
+			unlink_or_warn(shallow);
 			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 		} else {
-			close(fd);
 			commit_lock_file(&lock);
 		}
 	}
 
-	return !!ret;
+	reprepare_packed_git();
+	return ref_cpy;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-fetch.c b/builtin-fetch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817dd6bff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-fetch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+/*
+ * "git fetch"
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
+	"git fetch [options] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+enum {
+	TAGS_UNSET = 0,
+	TAGS_DEFAULT = 1,
+	TAGS_SET = 2
+};
+
+static int append, force, keep, update_head_ok, verbosity;
+static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
+static const char *depth;
+static const char *upload_pack;
+static struct strbuf default_rla = STRBUF_INIT;
+static struct transport *transport;
+
+static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
+	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "append", &append,
+		    "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, "PATH",
+		   "path to upload pack on remote end"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
+		    "force overwrite of local branch"),
+	OPT_SET_INT('t', "tags", &tags,
+		    "fetch all tags and associated objects", TAGS_SET),
+	OPT_SET_INT('n', NULL, &tags,
+		    "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)", TAGS_UNSET),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "keep", &keep, "keep downloaded pack"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update-head-ok", &update_head_ok,
+		    "allow updating of HEAD ref"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, "DEPTH",
+		   "deepen history of shallow clone"),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static void unlock_pack(void)
+{
+	if (transport)
+		transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+}
+
+static void unlock_pack_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	unlock_pack();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+static void add_merge_config(struct ref **head,
+			   const struct ref *remote_refs,
+		           struct branch *branch,
+		           struct ref ***tail)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
+		struct ref *rm, **old_tail = *tail;
+		struct refspec refspec;
+
+		for (rm = *head; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+			if (branch_merge_matches(branch, i, rm->name)) {
+				rm->merge = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (rm)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Not fetched to a tracking branch?  We need to fetch
+		 * it anyway to allow this branch's "branch.$name.merge"
+		 * to be honored by 'git pull', but we do not have to
+		 * fail if branch.$name.merge is misconfigured to point
+		 * at a nonexisting branch.  If we were indeed called by
+		 * 'git pull', it will notice the misconfiguration because
+		 * there is no entry in the resulting FETCH_HEAD marked
+		 * for merging.
+		 */
+		refspec.src = branch->merge[i]->src;
+		refspec.dst = NULL;
+		refspec.pattern = 0;
+		refspec.force = 0;
+		get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &refspec, tail, 1);
+		for (rm = *old_tail; rm; rm = rm->next)
+			rm->merge = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
+			struct ref **head,
+			struct ref ***tail);
+
+static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
+			       struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, int tags,
+			       int *autotags)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ref *rm;
+	struct ref *ref_map = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &ref_map;
+
+	const struct ref *remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+
+	if (ref_count || tags == TAGS_SET) {
+		for (i = 0; i < ref_count; i++) {
+			get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &refs[i], &tail, 0);
+			if (refs[i].dst && refs[i].dst[0])
+				*autotags = 1;
+		}
+		/* Merge everything on the command line, but not --tags */
+		for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next)
+			rm->merge = 1;
+		if (tags == TAGS_SET)
+			get_fetch_map(remote_refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
+	} else {
+		/* Use the defaults */
+		struct remote *remote = transport->remote;
+		struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
+		int has_merge = branch_has_merge_config(branch);
+		if (remote && (remote->fetch_refspec_nr || has_merge)) {
+			for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
+				get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &remote->fetch[i], &tail, 0);
+				if (remote->fetch[i].dst &&
+				    remote->fetch[i].dst[0])
+					*autotags = 1;
+				if (!i && !has_merge && ref_map &&
+				    !remote->fetch[0].pattern)
+					ref_map->merge = 1;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * if the remote we're fetching from is the same
+			 * as given in branch.<name>.remote, we add the
+			 * ref given in branch.<name>.merge, too.
+			 */
+			if (has_merge &&
+			    !strcmp(branch->remote_name, remote->name))
+				add_merge_config(&ref_map, remote_refs, branch, &tail);
+		} else {
+			ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, "HEAD");
+			if (!ref_map)
+				die("Couldn't find remote ref HEAD");
+			ref_map->merge = 1;
+			tail = &ref_map->next;
+		}
+	}
+	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && *autotags)
+		find_non_local_tags(transport, &ref_map, &tail);
+	ref_remove_duplicates(ref_map);
+
+	return ref_map;
+}
+
+#define STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER 1
+#define STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT 2
+
+static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
+			struct ref *ref,
+			int check_old)
+{
+	char msg[1024];
+	char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
+	static struct ref_lock *lock;
+
+	if (!rla)
+		rla = default_rla.buf;
+	snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action);
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref->name,
+				       check_old ? ref->old_sha1 : NULL, 0);
+	if (!lock)
+		return errno == ENOTDIR ? STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT :
+					  STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER;
+	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, ref->new_sha1, msg) < 0)
+		return errno == ENOTDIR ? STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT :
+					  STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
+#define REFCOL_WIDTH  10
+
+static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
+			    const char *remote,
+			    char *display)
+{
+	struct commit *current = NULL, *updated;
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct branch *current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
+	const char *pretty_ref = prettify_refname(ref->name);
+
+	*display = 0;
+	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
+	if (type < 0)
+		die("object %s not found", sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+
+	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
+		if (verbosity > 0)
+			sprintf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s", SUMMARY_WIDTH,
+				"[up to date]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+				pretty_ref);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (current_branch &&
+	    !strcmp(ref->name, current_branch->name) &&
+	    !(update_head_ok || is_bare_repository()) &&
+	    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+		/*
+		 * If this is the head, and it's not okay to update
+		 * the head, and the old value of the head isn't empty...
+		 */
+		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)",
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+	    !prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/")) {
+		int r;
+		r = s_update_ref("updating tag", ref, 0);
+		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '-',
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[tag update]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	current = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->old_sha1, 1);
+	updated = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1);
+	if (!current || !updated) {
+		const char *msg;
+		const char *what;
+		int r;
+		if (!strncmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
+			msg = "storing tag";
+			what = "[new tag]";
+		}
+		else {
+			msg = "storing head";
+			what = "[new branch]";
+		}
+
+		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
+		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '*',
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, what, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	if (in_merge_bases(current, &updated, 1)) {
+		char quickref[83];
+		int r;
+		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strcat(quickref, "..");
+		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		r = s_update_ref("fast forward", ref, 1);
+		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : ' ',
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+		return r;
+	} else if (force || ref->force) {
+		char quickref[84];
+		int r;
+		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strcat(quickref, "...");
+		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
+		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s  (%s)", r ? '!' : '+',
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref,
+			r ? "unable to update local ref" : "forced update");
+		return r;
+	} else {
+		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (non fast forward)",
+			SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref);
+		return 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
+		struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int url_len, i, note_len, shown_url = 0, rc = 0;
+	char note[1024];
+	const char *what, *kind;
+	struct ref *rm;
+	char *url, *filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+
+	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
+	if (!fp)
+		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+
+	url = transport_anonymize_url(raw_url);
+	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		struct ref *ref = NULL;
+
+		if (rm->peer_ref) {
+			ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + strlen(rm->peer_ref->name) + 1);
+			strcpy(ref->name, rm->peer_ref->name);
+			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
+			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, rm->old_sha1);
+			ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
+		}
+
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rm->old_sha1, 1);
+		if (!commit)
+			rm->merge = 0;
+
+		if (!strcmp(rm->name, "HEAD")) {
+			kind = "";
+			what = "";
+		}
+		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/heads/")) {
+			kind = "branch";
+			what = rm->name + 11;
+		}
+		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/tags/")) {
+			kind = "tag";
+			what = rm->name + 10;
+		}
+		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/remotes/")) {
+			kind = "remote branch";
+			what = rm->name + 13;
+		}
+		else {
+			kind = "";
+			what = rm->name;
+		}
+
+		url_len = strlen(url);
+		for (i = url_len - 1; url[i] == '/' && 0 <= i; i--)
+			;
+		url_len = i + 1;
+		if (4 < i && !strncmp(".git", url + i - 3, 4))
+			url_len = i - 3;
+
+		note_len = 0;
+		if (*what) {
+			if (*kind)
+				note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "%s ",
+						    kind);
+			note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "'%s' of ", what);
+		}
+		note[note_len] = '\0';
+		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s",
+			sha1_to_hex(commit ? commit->object.sha1 :
+				    rm->old_sha1),
+			rm->merge ? "" : "not-for-merge",
+			note);
+		for (i = 0; i < url_len; ++i)
+			if ('\n' == url[i])
+				fputs("\\n", fp);
+			else
+				fputc(url[i], fp);
+		fputc('\n', fp);
+
+		if (ref)
+			rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, note);
+		else
+			sprintf(note, "* %-*s %-*s -> FETCH_HEAD",
+				SUMMARY_WIDTH, *kind ? kind : "branch",
+				 REFCOL_WIDTH, *what ? what : "HEAD");
+		if (*note) {
+			if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "From %.*s\n",
+						url_len, url);
+				shown_url = 1;
+			}
+			if (verbosity >= 0)
+				fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", note);
+		}
+	}
+	free(url);
+	fclose(fp);
+	if (rc & STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT)
+		error("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+		      " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting "
+		      "branches", remote_name);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We would want to bypass the object transfer altogether if
+ * everything we are going to fetch already exists and is connected
+ * locally.
+ *
+ * The refs we are going to fetch are in ref_map.  If running
+ *
+ *  $ git rev-list --objects --stdin --not --all
+ *
+ * (feeding all the refs in ref_map on its standard input)
+ * does not error out, that means everything reachable from the
+ * refs we are going to fetch exists and is connected to some of
+ * our existing refs.
+ */
+static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	struct child_process revlist;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int err;
+	const char *argv[] = {"rev-list",
+		"--quiet", "--objects", "--stdin", "--not", "--all", NULL};
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are deepening a shallow clone we already have these
+	 * objects reachable.  Running rev-list here will return with
+	 * a good (0) exit status and we'll bypass the fetch that we
+	 * really need to perform.  Claiming failure now will ensure
+	 * we perform the network exchange to deepen our history.
+	 */
+	if (depth)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!ref_map)
+		return 0;
+
+	memset(&revlist, 0, sizeof(revlist));
+	revlist.argv = argv;
+	revlist.git_cmd = 1;
+	revlist.no_stdout = 1;
+	revlist.no_stderr = 1;
+	revlist.in = -1;
+
+	err = start_command(&revlist);
+	if (err) {
+		error("could not run rev-list");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If rev-list --stdin encounters an unknown commit, it terminates,
+	 * which will cause SIGPIPE in the write loop below.
+	 */
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	for (ref = ref_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (write_in_full(revlist.in, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), 40) < 0 ||
+		    write_in_full(revlist.in, "\n", 1) < 0) {
+			if (errno != EPIPE && errno != EINVAL)
+				error("failed write to rev-list: %s", strerror(errno));
+			err = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (close(revlist.in)) {
+		error("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s", strerror(errno));
+		err = -1;
+	}
+
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	return finish_command(&revlist) || err;
+}
+
+static int fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	int ret = quickfetch(ref_map);
+	if (ret)
+		ret = transport_fetch_refs(transport, ref_map);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret |= store_updated_refs(transport->url,
+				transport->remote->name,
+				ref_map);
+	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			int flag, void *cbdata)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cbdata;
+	string_list_insert(refname, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int will_fetch(struct ref **head, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct ref *rm = *head;
+	while (rm) {
+		if (!hashcmp(rm->old_sha1, sha1))
+			return 1;
+		rm = rm->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
+			struct ref **head,
+			struct ref ***tail)
+{
+	struct string_list existing_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct string_list new_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	char *ref_name;
+	int ref_name_len;
+	const unsigned char *ref_sha1;
+	const struct ref *tag_ref;
+	struct ref *rm = NULL;
+	const struct ref *ref;
+
+	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
+	for (ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags"))
+			continue;
+
+		ref_name = xstrdup(ref->name);
+		ref_name_len = strlen(ref_name);
+		ref_sha1 = ref->old_sha1;
+
+		if (!strcmp(ref_name + ref_name_len - 3, "^{}")) {
+			ref_name[ref_name_len - 3] = 0;
+			tag_ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+			while (tag_ref) {
+				if (!strcmp(tag_ref->name, ref_name)) {
+					ref_sha1 = tag_ref->old_sha1;
+					break;
+				}
+				tag_ref = tag_ref->next;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!string_list_has_string(&existing_refs, ref_name) &&
+		    !string_list_has_string(&new_refs, ref_name) &&
+		    (has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
+		     will_fetch(head, ref->old_sha1))) {
+			string_list_insert(ref_name, &new_refs);
+
+			rm = alloc_ref(ref_name);
+			rm->peer_ref = alloc_ref(ref_name);
+			hashcpy(rm->old_sha1, ref_sha1);
+
+			**tail = rm;
+			*tail = &rm->next;
+		}
+		free(ref_name);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&existing_refs, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&new_refs, 0);
+}
+
+static void check_not_current_branch(struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	struct branch *current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
+
+	if (is_bare_repository() || !current_branch)
+		return;
+
+	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next)
+		if (ref_map->peer_ref && !strcmp(current_branch->refname,
+					ref_map->peer_ref->name))
+			die("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
+			    "of non-bare repository", current_branch->refname);
+}
+
+static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
+		    struct refspec *refs, int ref_count)
+{
+	struct ref *ref_map;
+	struct ref *rm;
+	int autotags = (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 1);
+	if (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 2 && tags != TAGS_UNSET)
+		tags = TAGS_SET;
+	if (transport->remote->fetch_tags == -1)
+		tags = TAGS_UNSET;
+
+	if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
+		die("Don't know how to fetch from %s", transport->url);
+
+	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
+	if (!append) {
+		char *filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+		FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
+		if (!fp)
+			return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		fclose(fp);
+	}
+
+	ref_map = get_ref_map(transport, refs, ref_count, tags, &autotags);
+	if (!update_head_ok)
+		check_not_current_branch(ref_map);
+
+	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		if (rm->peer_ref)
+			read_ref(rm->peer_ref->name, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
+	}
+
+	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && autotags)
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, "1");
+	if (fetch_refs(transport, ref_map)) {
+		free_refs(ref_map);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	free_refs(ref_map);
+
+	/* if neither --no-tags nor --tags was specified, do automated tag
+	 * following ... */
+	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && autotags) {
+		struct ref **tail = &ref_map;
+		ref_map = NULL;
+		find_non_local_tags(transport, &ref_map, &tail);
+		if (ref_map) {
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, NULL);
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH, "0");
+			fetch_refs(transport, ref_map);
+		}
+		free_refs(ref_map);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	int r = transport_set_option(transport, name, value);
+	if (r < 0)
+		die("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s",
+			name, value, transport->url);
+	if (r > 0)
+		warning("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n",
+			name, transport->url);
+}
+
+int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct remote *remote;
+	int i;
+	static const char **refs = NULL;
+	int ref_nr = 0;
+	int exit_code;
+
+	/* Record the command line for the reflog */
+	strbuf_addstr(&default_rla, "fetch");
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+		strbuf_addf(&default_rla, " %s", argv[i]);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
+			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc == 0)
+		remote = remote_get(NULL);
+	else
+		remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
+
+	if (!remote)
+		die("Where do you want to fetch from today?");
+
+	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
+	if (verbosity >= 2)
+		transport->verbose = 1;
+	if (verbosity < 0)
+		transport->verbose = -1;
+	if (upload_pack)
+		set_option(TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, upload_pack);
+	if (keep)
+		set_option(TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
+	if (depth)
+		set_option(TRANS_OPT_DEPTH, depth);
+
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		int j = 0;
+		refs = xcalloc(argc + 1, sizeof(const char *));
+		for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+			if (!strcmp(argv[i], "tag")) {
+				char *ref;
+				i++;
+				if (i >= argc)
+					die("You need to specify a tag name.");
+				ref = xmalloc(strlen(argv[i]) * 2 + 22);
+				strcpy(ref, "refs/tags/");
+				strcat(ref, argv[i]);
+				strcat(ref, ":refs/tags/");
+				strcat(ref, argv[i]);
+				refs[j++] = ref;
+			} else
+				refs[j++] = argv[i];
+		}
+		refs[j] = NULL;
+		ref_nr = j;
+	}
+
+	sigchain_push_common(unlock_pack_on_signal);
+	atexit(unlock_pack);
+	exit_code = do_fetch(transport,
+			parse_fetch_refspec(ref_nr, refs), ref_nr);
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
+	transport = NULL;
+	return exit_code;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
index 5c145d2165..9d524000b5 100644
--- a/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -5,14 +5,21 @@
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 
-static const char *fmt_merge_msg_usage =
-	"git-fmt-merge-msg [--summary] [--no-summary] [--file <file>]";
+static const char * const fmt_merge_msg_usage[] = {
+	"git fmt-merge-msg [--log|--no-log] [--file <file>]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static int merge_summary;
 
-static int fmt_merge_msg_config(const char *key, const char *value)
+static int fmt_merge_msg_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcmp("merge.summary", key))
+	static int found_merge_log = 0;
+	if (!strcmp("merge.log", key)) {
+		found_merge_log = 1;
+		merge_summary = git_config_bool(key, value);
+	}
+	if (!found_merge_log && !strcmp("merge.summary", key))
 		merge_summary = git_config_bool(key, value);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -140,12 +147,10 @@ static int handle_line(char *line)
 	if (!strcmp(".", src) || !strcmp(src, origin)) {
 		int len = strlen(origin);
 		if (origin[0] == '\'' && origin[len - 1] == '\'') {
-			char *new_origin = xmalloc(len - 1);
-			memcpy(new_origin, origin + 1, len - 2);
-			new_origin[len - 2] = 0;
-			origin = new_origin;
-		} else
+			origin = xmemdupz(origin + 1, len - 2);
+		} else {
 			origin = xstrdup(origin);
+		}
 	} else {
 		char *new_origin = xmalloc(strlen(origin) + strlen(src) + 5);
 		sprintf(new_origin, "%s of %s", origin, src);
@@ -156,29 +161,30 @@ static int handle_line(char *line)
 }
 
 static void print_joined(const char *singular, const char *plural,
-		struct list *list)
+		struct list *list, struct strbuf *out)
 {
 	if (list->nr == 0)
 		return;
 	if (list->nr == 1) {
-		printf("%s%s", singular, list->list[0]);
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s%s", singular, list->list[0]);
 	} else {
 		int i;
-		printf("%s", plural);
+		strbuf_addstr(out, plural);
 		for (i = 0; i < list->nr - 1; i++)
-			printf("%s%s", i > 0 ? ", " : "", list->list[i]);
-		printf(" and %s", list->list[list->nr - 1]);
+			strbuf_addf(out, "%s%s", i > 0 ? ", " : "", list->list[i]);
+		strbuf_addf(out, " and %s", list->list[list->nr - 1]);
 	}
 }
 
 static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
-		struct commit *head, struct rev_info *rev, int limit)
+		struct commit *head, struct rev_info *rev, int limit,
+		struct strbuf *out)
 {
 	int i, count = 0;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct object *branch;
 	struct list subjects = { NULL, NULL, 0, 0 };
-	int flags = UNINTERESTING | TREECHANGE | SEEN | SHOWN | ADDED;
+	int flags = UNINTERESTING | TREESAME | SEEN | SHOWN | ADDED;
 
 	branch = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
 	if (!branch || branch->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
@@ -189,7 +195,8 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 	add_pending_object(rev, branch, name);
 	add_pending_object(rev, &head->object, "^HEAD");
 	head->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-	prepare_revision_walk(rev);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
 		char *oneline, *bol, *eol;
 
@@ -202,6 +209,15 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 			continue;
 
 		bol = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+		if (bol) {
+			unsigned char c;
+			do {
+				c = *++bol;
+			} while (isspace(c));
+			if (!c)
+				bol = NULL;
+		}
+
 		if (!bol) {
 			append_to_list(&subjects, xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(
 							commit->object.sha1)),
@@ -209,29 +225,25 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		bol += 2;
 		eol = strchr(bol, '\n');
-
 		if (eol) {
-			int len = eol - bol;
-			oneline = xmalloc(len + 1);
-			memcpy(oneline, bol, len);
-			oneline[len] = 0;
-		} else
+			oneline = xmemdupz(bol, eol - bol);
+		} else {
 			oneline = xstrdup(bol);
+		}
 		append_to_list(&subjects, oneline, NULL);
 	}
 
 	if (count > limit)
-		printf("\n* %s: (%d commits)\n", name, count);
+		strbuf_addf(out, "\n* %s: (%d commits)\n", name, count);
 	else
-		printf("\n* %s:\n", name);
+		strbuf_addf(out, "\n* %s:\n", name);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < subjects.nr; i++)
 		if (i >= limit)
-			printf("  ...\n");
+			strbuf_addf(out, "  ...\n");
 		else
-			printf("  %s\n", subjects.list[i]);
+			strbuf_addf(out, "  %s\n", subjects.list[i]);
 
 	clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)branch, flags);
 	clear_commit_marks(head, flags);
@@ -242,42 +254,12 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 	free_list(&subjects);
 }
 
-int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
-{
-	int limit = 20, i = 0;
-	char line[1024];
-	FILE *in = stdin;
-	const char *sep = "";
+int fmt_merge_msg(int merge_summary, struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out) {
+	int limit = 20, i = 0, pos = 0;
+	char *sep = "";
 	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 	const char *current_branch;
 
-	git_config(fmt_merge_msg_config);
-
-	while (argc > 1) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--summary"))
-			merge_summary = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-summary"))
-			merge_summary = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-F") || !strcmp(argv[1], "--file")) {
-			if (argc < 3)
-				die ("Which file?");
-			if (!strcmp(argv[2], "-"))
-				in = stdin;
-			else {
-				fclose(in);
-				in = fopen(argv[2], "r");
-				if (!in)
-					die("cannot open %s", argv[2]);
-			}
-			argc--; argv++;
-		} else
-			break;
-		argc--; argv++;
-	}
-
-	if (argc > 1)
-		usage(fmt_merge_msg_usage);
-
 	/* get current branch */
 	current_branch = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
 	if (!current_branch)
@@ -285,76 +267,115 @@ int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!prefixcmp(current_branch, "refs/heads/"))
 		current_branch += 11;
 
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
+	/* get a line */
+	while (pos < in->len) {
+		int len;
+		char *newline, *p = in->buf + pos;
+
+		newline = strchr(p, '\n');
+		len = newline ? newline - p : strlen(p);
+		pos += len + !!newline;
 		i++;
-		if (line[0] == 0)
-			continue;
-		if (handle_line(line))
-			die ("Error in line %d: %s", i, line);
+		p[len] = 0;
+		if (handle_line(p))
+			die ("Error in line %d: %.*s", i, len, p);
 	}
 
-	printf("Merge ");
+	strbuf_addstr(out, "Merge ");
 	for (i = 0; i < srcs.nr; i++) {
 		struct src_data *src_data = srcs.payload[i];
 		const char *subsep = "";
 
-		printf(sep);
+		strbuf_addstr(out, sep);
 		sep = "; ";
 
 		if (src_data->head_status == 1) {
-			printf(srcs.list[i]);
+			strbuf_addstr(out, srcs.list[i]);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (src_data->head_status == 3) {
 			subsep = ", ";
-			printf("HEAD");
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "HEAD");
 		}
 		if (src_data->branch.nr) {
-			printf(subsep);
+			strbuf_addstr(out, subsep);
 			subsep = ", ";
-			print_joined("branch ", "branches ", &src_data->branch);
+			print_joined("branch ", "branches ", &src_data->branch,
+					out);
 		}
 		if (src_data->r_branch.nr) {
-			printf(subsep);
+			strbuf_addstr(out, subsep);
 			subsep = ", ";
 			print_joined("remote branch ", "remote branches ",
-					&src_data->r_branch);
+					&src_data->r_branch, out);
 		}
 		if (src_data->tag.nr) {
-			printf(subsep);
+			strbuf_addstr(out, subsep);
 			subsep = ", ";
-			print_joined("tag ", "tags ", &src_data->tag);
+			print_joined("tag ", "tags ", &src_data->tag, out);
 		}
 		if (src_data->generic.nr) {
-			printf(subsep);
-			print_joined("commit ", "commits ", &src_data->generic);
+			strbuf_addstr(out, subsep);
+			print_joined("commit ", "commits ", &src_data->generic,
+					out);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(".", srcs.list[i]))
-			printf(" of %s", srcs.list[i]);
+			strbuf_addf(out, " of %s", srcs.list[i]);
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp("master", current_branch))
-		putchar('\n');
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
 	else
-		printf(" into %s\n", current_branch);
+		strbuf_addf(out, " into %s\n", current_branch);
 
 	if (merge_summary) {
 		struct commit *head;
 		struct rev_info rev;
 
 		head = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
-		init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+		init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 		rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_ONELINE;
 		rev.ignore_merges = 1;
 		rev.limited = 1;
 
 		for (i = 0; i < origins.nr; i++)
 			shortlog(origins.list[i], origins.payload[i],
-					head, &rev, limit);
+					head, &rev, limit, out);
 	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	/* No cleanup yet; is standalone anyway */
+int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *inpath = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "log",     &merge_summary, "populate log with the shortlog"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &merge_summary, "alias for --log"),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &inpath, "file to read from"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	FILE *in = stdin;
+	struct strbuf input = STRBUF_INIT, output = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	git_config(fmt_merge_msg_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fmt_merge_msg_usage,
+			     0);
+	if (argc > 0)
+		usage_with_options(fmt_merge_msg_usage, options);
+
+	if (inpath && strcmp(inpath, "-")) {
+		in = fopen(inpath, "r");
+		if (!in)
+			die_errno("cannot open '%s'", inpath);
+	}
 
+	if (strbuf_read(&input, fileno(in), 0) < 0)
+		die_errno("could not read input file");
+	ret = fmt_merge_msg(merge_summary, &input, &output);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	write_in_full(STDOUT_FILENO, output.buf, output.len);
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/builtin-for-each-ref.c b/builtin-for-each-ref.c
index 2b218425aa..d7cc8cafbf 100644
--- a/builtin-for-each-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-for-each-ref.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "object.h"
@@ -6,13 +7,15 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 
 /* Quoting styles */
 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
 #define QUOTE_SHELL 1
 #define QUOTE_PERL 2
-#define QUOTE_PYTHON 3
-#define QUOTE_TCL 4
+#define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
+#define QUOTE_TCL 8
 
 typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
 
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ static struct {
 	{ "objectsize", FIELD_ULONG },
 	{ "objectname" },
 	{ "tree" },
-	{ "parent" }, /* NEEDSWORK: how to address 2nd and later parents? */
+	{ "parent" },
 	{ "numparent", FIELD_ULONG },
 	{ "object" },
 	{ "type" },
@@ -64,6 +67,7 @@ static struct {
 	{ "subject" },
 	{ "body" },
 	{ "contents" },
+	{ "upstream" },
 };
 
 /*
@@ -86,7 +90,6 @@ static int used_atom_cnt, sort_atom_limit, need_tagged;
 static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
 {
 	const char *sp;
-	char *n;
 	int i, at;
 
 	sp = atom;
@@ -105,7 +108,16 @@ static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
 	/* Is the atom a valid one? */
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
 		int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
-		if (len == ep - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
+		/*
+		 * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
+		 * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
+		 * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
+		 * table.
+		 */
+		const char *formatp = strchr(sp, ':');
+		if (!formatp || ep < formatp)
+			formatp = ep;
+		if (len == formatp - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
 			break;
 	}
 
@@ -119,10 +131,7 @@ static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
 			     (sizeof *used_atom) * used_atom_cnt);
 	used_atom_type = xrealloc(used_atom_type,
 				  (sizeof(*used_atom_type) * used_atom_cnt));
-	n = xmalloc(ep - atom + 1);
-	memcpy(n, atom, ep - atom);
-	n[ep-atom] = 0;
-	used_atom[at] = n;
+	used_atom[at] = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
 	used_atom_type[at] = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
 	return at;
 }
@@ -152,17 +161,18 @@ static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
  * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
  * the used atoms.
  */
-static void verify_format(const char *format)
+static int verify_format(const char *format)
 {
 	const char *cp, *sp;
 	for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
 		const char *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
 		if (!ep)
-			die("malformatted format string %s", sp);
+			return error("malformed format string %s", sp);
 		/* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
 		parse_atom(sp + 2, ep);
 		cp = ep + 1;
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -226,6 +236,13 @@ static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *ob
 			name++;
 		if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
 			v->s = tag->tag;
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
+			v->s = typename(tag->tagged->type);
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged) {
+			char *s = xmalloc(41);
+			strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+			v->s = s;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -261,24 +278,26 @@ static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
 			char *s = xmalloc(40);
+			v->ul = num_parents(commit);
 			sprintf(s, "%lu", v->ul);
 			v->s = s;
-			v->ul = num_parents(commit);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
 			int num = num_parents(commit);
 			int i;
 			struct commit_list *parents;
-			char *s = xmalloc(42 * num);
+			char *s = xmalloc(41 * num + 1);
 			v->s = s;
 			for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
 			     parents;
-			     parents = parents->next, i = i + 42) {
+			     parents = parents->next, i = i + 41) {
 				struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 				strcpy(s+i, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 				if (parents->next)
 					s[i+40] = ' ';
 			}
+			if (!i)
+				*s = '\0';
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -294,7 +313,7 @@ static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, un
 		if (!eol)
 			return "";
 		eol++;
-		if (eol[1] == '\n')
+		if (*eol == '\n')
 			return ""; /* end of header */
 		buf = eol;
 	}
@@ -303,55 +322,52 @@ static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, un
 
 static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
 {
-	const char *eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
-	char *line;
-	int len;
-	if (!eol)
-		return "";
-	len = eol - buf;
-	line = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(line, buf, len);
-	line[len] = 0;
-	return line;
+	const char *eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+	return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
 }
 
 static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
 {
-	const char *eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
-	const char *eoname = strstr(buf, " <");
-	char *line;
-	int len;
-	if (!(eoname && eol && eoname < eol))
-		return "";
-	len = eoname - buf;
-	line = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(line, buf, len);
-	line[len] = 0;
-	return line;
+	const char *cp;
+	for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
+		if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
+			return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
+	}
+	return "";
 }
 
 static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
 {
 	const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
-	const char *eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
-	char *line;
-	int len;
-	if (!email || !eoemail)
+	const char *eoemail;
+	if (!email)
 		return "";
-	eoemail++;
-	len = eoemail - email;
-	line = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(line, email, len);
-	line[len] = 0;
-	return line;
+	eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
+	if (!eoemail)
+		return "";
+	return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
 }
 
-static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v)
+static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
 {
 	const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
 	char *zone;
 	unsigned long timestamp;
 	long tz;
+	enum date_mode date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+	const char *formatp;
+
+	/*
+	 * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
+	 * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
+	 * parse_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
+	 * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
+	 */
+	formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
+	if (formatp != NULL) {
+		formatp++;
+		date_mode = parse_date_format(formatp);
+	}
 
 	if (!eoemail)
 		goto bad;
@@ -361,7 +377,7 @@ static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v)
 	tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
 	if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 		goto bad;
-	v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, 0));
+	v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, date_mode));
 	v->ul = timestamp;
 	return;
  bad:
@@ -388,7 +404,7 @@ static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, stru
 		if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
 		    strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
 		    strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
-		    strcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
+		    prefixcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
 			continue;
 		if (!wholine)
 			wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
@@ -400,8 +416,8 @@ static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, stru
 			v->s = copy_name(wholine);
 		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
 			v->s = copy_email(wholine);
-		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
-			grab_date(wholine, v);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
+			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 	}
 
 	/* For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
@@ -421,8 +437,8 @@ static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, stru
 		if (deref)
 			name++;
 
-		if (!strcmp(name, "creatordate"))
-			grab_date(wholine, v);
+		if (!prefixcmp(name, "creatordate"))
+			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 		else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
 			v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 	}
@@ -446,8 +462,10 @@ static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz, const char **sub, con
 		return;
 	*sub = buf; /* first non-empty line */
 	buf = strchr(buf, '\n');
-	if (!buf)
+	if (!buf) {
+		*body = "";
 		return; /* no body */
+	}
 	while (*buf == '\n')
 		buf++; /* skip blank between subject and body */
 	*body = buf;
@@ -543,28 +561,74 @@ static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
 
 	ref->value = xcalloc(sizeof(struct atom_value), used_atom_cnt);
 
-	buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
-	if (!buf)
-		die("missing object %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-	if (!obj)
-		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-
 	/* Fill in specials first */
 	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 		const char *name = used_atom[i];
 		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
-		if (!strcmp(name, "refname"))
-			v->s = ref->refname;
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "*refname")) {
-			int len = strlen(ref->refname);
+		int deref = 0;
+		const char *refname;
+		const char *formatp;
+
+		if (*name == '*') {
+			deref = 1;
+			name++;
+		}
+
+		if (!prefixcmp(name, "refname"))
+			refname = ref->refname;
+		else if(!prefixcmp(name, "upstream")) {
+			struct branch *branch;
+			/* only local branches may have an upstream */
+			if (prefixcmp(ref->refname, "refs/heads/"))
+				continue;
+			branch = branch_get(ref->refname + 11);
+
+			if (!branch || !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] ||
+			    !branch->merge[0]->dst)
+				continue;
+			refname = branch->merge[0]->dst;
+		}
+		else
+			continue;
+
+		formatp = strchr(name, ':');
+		/* look for "short" refname format */
+		if (formatp) {
+			formatp++;
+			if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
+				refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname,
+						      warn_ambiguous_refs);
+			else
+				die("unknown %.*s format %s",
+				    (int)(formatp - name), name, formatp);
+		}
+
+		if (!deref)
+			v->s = refname;
+		else {
+			int len = strlen(refname);
 			char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
-			sprintf(s, "%s^{}", ref->refname);
+			sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
 			v->s = s;
 		}
 	}
 
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
+		if (v->s == NULL)
+			goto need_obj;
+	}
+	return;
+
+ need_obj:
+	buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
+	if (!buf)
+		die("missing object %s for %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
+	if (!obj)
+		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
+
 	grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
 	if (!eaten)
 		free(buf);
@@ -637,7 +701,8 @@ static int grab_single_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int f
 			if ((plen <= namelen) &&
 			    !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
 			    (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
-			     refname[plen] == '/'))
+			     refname[plen] == '/' ||
+			     p[plen-1] == '/'))
 				break;
 			if (!fnmatch(p, refname, FNM_PATHNAME))
 				break;
@@ -796,95 +861,80 @@ static struct ref_sort *default_sort(void)
 	return sort;
 }
 
-int cmd_for_each_ref(int ac, const char **av, char *prefix)
+static int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct ref_sort **sort_tail = opt->value;
+	struct ref_sort *s;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
+		return -1;
+
+	*sort_tail = s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
+
+	if (*arg == '-') {
+		s->reverse = 1;
+		arg++;
+	}
+	len = strlen(arg);
+	s->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, num_refs;
-	const char *format = NULL;
+	const char *format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
 	struct ref_sort *sort = NULL, **sort_tail = &sort;
-	int maxcount = 0;
-	int quote_style = -1; /* unspecified yet */
+	int maxcount = 0, quote_style = 0;
 	struct refinfo **refs;
 	struct grab_ref_cbdata cbdata;
 
-	for (i = 1; i < ac; i++) {
-		const char *arg = av[i];
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--format=")) {
-			if (format)
-				die("more than one --format?");
-			format = arg + 9;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-s") || !strcmp(arg, "--shell") ) {
-			if (0 <= quote_style)
-				die("more than one quoting style?");
-			quote_style = QUOTE_SHELL;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-p") || !strcmp(arg, "--perl") ) {
-			if (0 <= quote_style)
-				die("more than one quoting style?");
-			quote_style = QUOTE_PERL;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--python") ) {
-			if (0 <= quote_style)
-				die("more than one quoting style?");
-			quote_style = QUOTE_PYTHON;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--tcl") ) {
-			if (0 <= quote_style)
-				die("more than one quoting style?");
-			quote_style = QUOTE_TCL;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--count=")) {
-			if (maxcount)
-				die("more than one --count?");
-			maxcount = atoi(arg + 8);
-			if (maxcount <= 0)
-				die("The number %s did not parse", arg);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--sort=")) {
-			struct ref_sort *s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
-			int len;
-
-			s->next = NULL;
-			*sort_tail = s;
-			sort_tail = &s->next;
-
-			arg += 7;
-			if (*arg == '-') {
-				s->reverse = 1;
-				arg++;
-			}
-			len = strlen(arg);
-			sort->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
-			continue;
-		}
-		break;
+	struct option opts[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
+		        "quote placeholders suitably for shells", QUOTE_SHELL),
+		OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
+		        "quote placeholders suitably for perl", QUOTE_PERL),
+		OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
+		        "quote placeholders suitably for python", QUOTE_PYTHON),
+		OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
+		        "quote placeholders suitably for tcl", QUOTE_TCL),
+
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, "show only <n> matched refs"),
+		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, "format", "format to use for the output"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, "key",
+		            "field name to sort on", &opt_parse_sort),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
+	if (maxcount < 0) {
+		error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
+		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
+	}
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(quote_style)) {
+		error("more than one quoting style?");
+		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 	}
-	if (quote_style < 0)
-		quote_style = QUOTE_NONE;
+	if (verify_format(format))
+		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 
 	if (!sort)
 		sort = default_sort();
 	sort_atom_limit = used_atom_cnt;
-	if (!format)
-		format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
 
-	verify_format(format);
+	/* for warn_ambiguous_refs */
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
-	cbdata.grab_pattern = av + i;
-	for_each_ref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
+	cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
+	for_each_rawref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
 	refs = cbdata.grab_array;
 	num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
 
diff --git a/builtin-fsck.c b/builtin-fsck.c
index 4d8b66c344..b3d38fa277 100644
--- a/builtin-fsck.c
+++ b/builtin-fsck.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
@@ -7,6 +8,9 @@
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "fsck.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 #define REACHABLE 0x0001
 #define SEEN      0x0002
@@ -19,7 +23,10 @@ static int check_full;
 static int check_strict;
 static int keep_cache_objects;
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static const char *head_points_at;
 static int errors_found;
+static int write_lost_and_found;
+static int verbose;
 #define ERROR_OBJECT 01
 #define ERROR_REACHABLE 02
 
@@ -50,13 +57,96 @@ static int objerror(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int objwarning(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
+static int fsck_error_func(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 	va_start(params, err);
-	objreport(obj, "warning", err, params);
+	objreport(obj, (type == FSCK_WARN) ? "warning" : "error", err, params);
 	va_end(params);
-	return -1;
+	return (type == FSCK_WARN) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static struct object_array pending;
+
+static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+{
+	struct object *parent = data;
+
+	if (!obj) {
+		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
+			   typename(parent->type), sha1_to_hex(parent->sha1));
+		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
+			   (type == OBJ_ANY ? "unknown" : typename(type)), "unknown");
+		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
+		objerror(parent, "wrong object type in link");
+
+	if (obj->flags & REACHABLE)
+		return 0;
+	obj->flags |= REACHABLE;
+	if (!obj->parsed) {
+		if (parent && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1)) {
+			printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
+				 typename(parent->type), sha1_to_hex(parent->sha1));
+			printf("              to %7s %s\n",
+				 typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	add_object_array(obj, (void *) parent, &pending);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mark_object_reachable(struct object *obj)
+{
+	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+}
+
+static int traverse_one_object(struct object *obj, struct object *parent)
+{
+	int result;
+	struct tree *tree = NULL;
+
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
+		obj->parsed = 0;
+		tree = (struct tree *)obj;
+		if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
+			return 1; /* error already displayed */
+	}
+	result = fsck_walk(obj, mark_object, obj);
+	if (tree) {
+		free(tree->buffer);
+		tree->buffer = NULL;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int traverse_reachable(void)
+{
+	int result = 0;
+	while (pending.nr) {
+		struct object_array_entry *entry;
+		struct object *obj, *parent;
+
+		entry = pending.objects + --pending.nr;
+		obj = entry->item;
+		parent = (struct object *) entry->name;
+		result |= traverse_one_object(obj, parent);
+	}
+	return !!result;
+}
+
+static int mark_used(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+{
+	if (!obj)
+		return 1;
+	obj->used = 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -64,39 +154,18 @@ static int objwarning(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
  */
 static void check_reachable_object(struct object *obj)
 {
-	const struct object_refs *refs;
-
 	/*
 	 * We obviously want the object to be parsed,
 	 * except if it was in a pack-file and we didn't
 	 * do a full fsck
 	 */
 	if (!obj->parsed) {
-		if (has_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, NULL))
+		if (has_sha1_pack(obj->sha1))
 			return; /* it is in pack - forget about it */
 		printf("missing %s %s\n", typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		return;
 	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that everything that we try to reference is also good.
-	 */
-	refs = lookup_object_refs(obj);
-	if (refs) {
-		unsigned j;
-		for (j = 0; j < refs->count; j++) {
-			struct object *ref = refs->ref[j];
-			if (ref->parsed ||
-			    (has_sha1_file(ref->sha1)))
-				continue;
-			printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
-			       typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-			printf("              to %7s %s\n",
-			       typename(ref->type), sha1_to_hex(ref->sha1));
-			errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
-		}
-	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -137,6 +206,35 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	if (!obj->used) {
 		printf("dangling %s %s\n", typename(obj->type),
 		       sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		if (write_lost_and_found) {
+			char *filename = git_path("lost-found/%s/%s",
+				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT ? "commit" : "other",
+				sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			FILE *f;
+
+			if (safe_create_leading_directories(filename)) {
+				error("Could not create lost-found");
+				return;
+			}
+			if (!(f = fopen(filename, "w")))
+				die_errno("Could not open '%s'", filename);
+			if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
+				enum object_type type;
+				unsigned long size;
+				char *buf = read_sha1_file(obj->sha1,
+						&type, &size);
+				if (buf) {
+					if (fwrite(buf, size, 1, f) != 1)
+						die_errno("Could not write '%s'",
+							  filename);
+					free(buf);
+				}
+			} else
+				fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			if (fclose(f))
+				die_errno("Could not finish '%s'",
+					  filename);
+		}
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -149,6 +247,9 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 
 static void check_object(struct object *obj)
 {
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+
 	if (obj->flags & REACHABLE)
 		check_reachable_object(obj);
 	else
@@ -159,8 +260,14 @@ static void check_connectivity(void)
 {
 	int i, max;
 
+	/* Traverse the pending reachable objects */
+	traverse_reachable();
+
 	/* Look up all the requirements, warn about missing objects.. */
 	max = get_max_object_index();
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking connectivity (%d objects)\n", max);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < max; i++) {
 		struct object *obj = get_indexed_object(i);
 
@@ -169,211 +276,56 @@ static void check_connectivity(void)
 	}
 }
 
-/*
- * The entries in a tree are ordered in the _path_ order,
- * which means that a directory entry is ordered by adding
- * a slash to the end of it.
- *
- * So a directory called "a" is ordered _after_ a file
- * called "a.c", because "a/" sorts after "a.c".
- */
-#define TREE_UNORDERED (-1)
-#define TREE_HAS_DUPS  (-2)
-
-static int verify_ordered(unsigned mode1, const char *name1, unsigned mode2, const char *name2)
+static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int len1 = strlen(name1);
-	int len2 = strlen(name2);
-	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
-	unsigned char c1, c2;
-	int cmp;
-
-	cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
-	if (cmp < 0)
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing",
+			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
-	if (cmp > 0)
-		return TREE_UNORDERED;
+	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 
-	/*
-	 * Ok, the first <len> characters are the same.
-	 * Now we need to order the next one, but turn
-	 * a '\0' into a '/' for a directory entry.
-	 */
-	c1 = name1[len];
-	c2 = name2[len];
-	if (!c1 && !c2)
-		/*
-		 * git-write-tree used to write out a nonsense tree that has
-		 * entries with the same name, one blob and one tree.  Make
-		 * sure we do not have duplicate entries.
-		 */
-		return TREE_HAS_DUPS;
-	if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
-		c1 = '/';
-	if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
-		c2 = '/';
-	return c1 < c2 ? 0 : TREE_UNORDERED;
-}
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s %s\n",
+			typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
-static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item)
-{
-	int retval;
-	int has_full_path = 0;
-	int has_zero_pad = 0;
-	int has_bad_modes = 0;
-	int has_dup_entries = 0;
-	int not_properly_sorted = 0;
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	unsigned o_mode;
-	const char *o_name;
-	const unsigned char *o_sha1;
-
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
-
-	o_mode = 0;
-	o_name = NULL;
-	o_sha1 = NULL;
-	while (desc.size) {
-		unsigned mode;
-		const char *name;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
-
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
-
-		if (strchr(name, '/'))
-			has_full_path = 1;
-		has_zero_pad |= *(char *)desc.buffer == '0';
-		update_tree_entry(&desc);
-
-		switch (mode) {
-		/*
-		 * Standard modes..
-		 */
-		case S_IFREG | 0755:
-		case S_IFREG | 0644:
-		case S_IFLNK:
-		case S_IFDIR:
-			break;
-		/*
-		 * This is nonstandard, but we had a few of these
-		 * early on when we honored the full set of mode
-		 * bits..
-		 */
-		case S_IFREG | 0664:
-			if (!check_strict)
-				break;
-		default:
-			has_bad_modes = 1;
-		}
+	if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_used, NULL))
+		objerror(obj, "broken links");
+	if (fsck_object(obj, check_strict, fsck_error_func))
+		return -1;
 
-		if (o_name) {
-			switch (verify_ordered(o_mode, o_name, mode, name)) {
-			case TREE_UNORDERED:
-				not_properly_sorted = 1;
-				break;
-			case TREE_HAS_DUPS:
-				has_dup_entries = 1;
-				break;
-			default:
-				break;
-			}
-		}
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
+		struct tree *item = (struct tree *) obj;
 
-		o_mode = mode;
-		o_name = name;
-		o_sha1 = sha1;
+		free(item->buffer);
+		item->buffer = NULL;
 	}
-	free(item->buffer);
-	item->buffer = NULL;
 
-	retval = 0;
-	if (has_full_path) {
-		objwarning(&item->object, "contains full pathnames");
-	}
-	if (has_zero_pad) {
-		objwarning(&item->object, "contains zero-padded file modes");
-	}
-	if (has_bad_modes) {
-		objwarning(&item->object, "contains bad file modes");
-	}
-	if (has_dup_entries) {
-		retval = objerror(&item->object, "contains duplicate file entries");
-	}
-	if (not_properly_sorted) {
-		retval = objerror(&item->object, "not properly sorted");
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 
-static int fsck_commit(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	char *buffer = commit->buffer;
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20], sha1[20];
-
-	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
-		return objerror(&commit->object, "invalid format - expected 'tree' line");
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer+5, tree_sha1) || buffer[45] != '\n')
-		return objerror(&commit->object, "invalid 'tree' line format - bad sha1");
-	buffer += 46;
-	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer+7, sha1) || buffer[47] != '\n')
-			return objerror(&commit->object, "invalid 'parent' line format - bad sha1");
-		buffer += 48;
+		free(commit->buffer);
+		commit->buffer = NULL;
+
+		if (!commit->parents && show_root)
+			printf("root %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	}
-	if (memcmp(buffer, "author ", 7))
-		return objerror(&commit->object, "invalid format - expected 'author' line");
-	free(commit->buffer);
-	commit->buffer = NULL;
-	if (!commit->tree)
-		return objerror(&commit->object, "could not load commit's tree %s", tree_sha1);
-	if (!commit->parents && show_root)
-		printf("root %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	if (!commit->date)
-		printf("bad commit date in %s\n", 
-		       sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	return 0;
-}
 
-static int fsck_tag(struct tag *tag)
-{
-	struct object *tagged = tag->tagged;
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
 
-	if (!tagged) {
-		return objerror(&tag->object, "could not load tagged object");
+		if (show_tags && tag->tagged) {
+			printf("tagged %s %s", typename(tag->tagged->type), sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+			printf(" (%s) in %s\n", tag->tag, sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+		}
 	}
-	if (!show_tags)
-		return 0;
 
-	printf("tagged %s %s", typename(tagged->type), sha1_to_hex(tagged->sha1));
-	printf(" (%s) in %s\n", tag->tag, sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
-		return 0;
-	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
-		return 0;
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
-		return fsck_tree((struct tree *) obj);
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return fsck_commit((struct commit *) obj);
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-		return fsck_tag((struct tag *) obj);
-
-	/* By now, parse_object() would've returned NULL instead. */
-	return objerror(obj, "unknown type '%d' (internal fsck error)",
-			obj->type);
-}
-
 /*
  * This is the sorting chunk size: make it reasonably
  * big so that we can sort well..
@@ -439,27 +391,25 @@ static void fsck_dir(int i, char *path)
 	if (!dir)
 		return;
 
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking directory %s\n", path);
+
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		char name[100];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len = strlen(de->d_name);
 
-		switch (len) {
-		case 2:
-			if (de->d_name[1] != '.')
-				break;
-		case 1:
-			if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
-				break;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
-		case 38:
+		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38) {
 			sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, len+1);
+			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, 39);
 			if (get_sha1_hex(name, sha1) < 0)
 				break;
 			add_sha1_list(sha1, DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de));
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(de->d_name, "tmp_obj_"))
+			continue;
 		fprintf(stderr, "bad sha1 file: %s/%s\n", path, de->d_name);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
@@ -473,17 +423,21 @@ static int fsck_handle_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking reflog %s->%s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(osha1), sha1_to_hex(nsha1));
+
 	if (!is_null_sha1(osha1)) {
 		obj = lookup_object(osha1);
 		if (obj) {
 			obj->used = 1;
-			mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+			mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		}
 	}
 	obj = lookup_object(nsha1);
 	if (obj) {
 		obj->used = 1;
-		mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+		mark_object_reachable(obj);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -494,29 +448,34 @@ static int fsck_handle_reflog(const char *logname, const unsigned char *sha1, in
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_branch(const char *refname)
+{
+	return !strcmp(refname, "HEAD") || !prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/");
+}
+
 static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 
-	obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(sha1);
 	if (!obj) {
-		if (has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
-			default_refs++;
-			return 0; /* it is in a pack */
-		}
 		error("%s: invalid sha1 pointer %s", refname, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		/* We'll continue with the rest despite the error.. */
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(refname))
+		error("%s: not a commit", refname);
 	default_refs++;
 	obj->used = 1;
-	mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+	mark_object_reachable(obj);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void get_default_heads(void)
 {
+	if (head_points_at && !is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+		fsck_handle_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	for_each_ref(fsck_handle_ref, NULL);
 	if (include_reflogs)
 		for_each_reflog(fsck_handle_reflog, NULL);
@@ -534,7 +493,7 @@ static void get_default_heads(void)
 	 * "show_unreachable" flag.
 	 */
 	if (!default_refs) {
-		error("No default references");
+		fprintf(stderr, "notice: No default references\n");
 		show_unreachable = 0;
 	}
 }
@@ -542,6 +501,10 @@ static void get_default_heads(void)
 static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 {
 	int i;
+
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking object directory\n");
+
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		static char dir[4096];
 		sprintf(dir, "%s/%02x", path, i);
@@ -552,17 +515,27 @@ static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 
 static int fsck_head_link(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
-	const char *head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 1, &flag);
-
-	if (!head_points_at || !(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
-		return error("HEAD is not a symbolic ref");
-	if (prefixcmp(head_points_at, "refs/heads/"))
+	int null_is_error = 0;
+
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking HEAD link\n");
+
+	head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
+	if (!head_points_at)
+		return error("Invalid HEAD");
+	if (!strcmp(head_points_at, "HEAD"))
+		/* detached HEAD */
+		null_is_error = 1;
+	else if (prefixcmp(head_points_at, "refs/heads/"))
 		return error("HEAD points to something strange (%s)",
 			     head_points_at);
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
-		return error("HEAD: not a valid git pointer");
+	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1)) {
+		if (null_is_error)
+			return error("HEAD: detached HEAD points at nothing");
+		fprintf(stderr, "notice: HEAD points to an unborn branch (%s)\n",
+			head_points_at + 11);
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -571,6 +544,9 @@ static int fsck_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it)
 	int i;
 	int err = 0;
 
+	if (verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking cache tree\n");
+
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
 		struct object *obj = parse_object(it->sha1);
 		if (!obj) {
@@ -578,7 +554,7 @@ static int fsck_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it)
 			      sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
 			return 1;
 		}
-		mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+		mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		obj->used = 1;
 		if (obj->type != OBJ_TREE)
 			err |= objerror(obj, "non-tree in cache-tree");
@@ -588,93 +564,81 @@ static int fsck_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it)
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const char fsck_usage[] =
-"git-fsck [--tags] [--root] [[--unreachable] [--cache] [--full] "
-"[--strict] <head-sha1>*]";
+static char const * const fsck_usage[] = {
+	"git fsck [options] [<object>...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unreachable", &show_unreachable, "show unreachable objects"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &show_tags, "report tags"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "report root nodes"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cache", &keep_cache_objects, "make index objects head nodes"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reflogs", &include_reflogs, "make reflogs head nodes (default)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full", &check_full, "also consider alternate objects"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "strict", &check_strict, "enable more strict checking"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "lost-found", &write_lost_and_found,
+				"write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
 
-int cmd_fsck(int argc, char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, heads;
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 
-	track_object_refs = 1;
 	errors_found = 0;
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--unreachable")) {
-			show_unreachable = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-			show_tags = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--root")) {
-			show_root = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cache")) {
-			keep_cache_objects = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-reflogs")) {
-			include_reflogs = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--full")) {
-			check_full = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
-			check_strict = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			usage(fsck_usage);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, fsck_opts, fsck_usage, 0);
+	if (write_lost_and_found) {
+		check_full = 1;
+		include_reflogs = 0;
 	}
 
 	fsck_head_link();
 	fsck_object_dir(get_object_directory());
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
+		int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
+		memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
+		namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
+		fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
+	}
+
 	if (check_full) {
-		struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 		struct packed_git *p;
-		prepare_alt_odb();
-		for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-			char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
-			int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
-			memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
-			namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
-			fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
-		}
+
 		prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
 			/* verify gives error messages itself */
-			verify_pack(p, 0);
+			verify_pack(p);
 
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-			uint32_t i, num = num_packed_objects(p);
-			for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
-				fsck_sha1(nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i));
+			uint32_t j, num;
+			if (open_pack_index(p))
+				continue;
+			num = p->num_objects;
+			for (j = 0; j < num; j++)
+				fsck_sha1(nth_packed_object_sha1(p, j));
 		}
 	}
 
 	heads = 0;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i]; 
-
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			continue;
-
-		if (!get_sha1(arg, head_sha1)) {
-			struct object *obj = lookup_object(head_sha1);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
+			struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
 
 			/* Error is printed by lookup_object(). */
 			if (!obj)
 				continue;
 
 			obj->used = 1;
-			mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+			mark_object_reachable(obj);
 			heads++;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -692,16 +656,21 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (keep_cache_objects) {
-		int i;
 		read_cache();
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(active_cache[i]->sha1);
+			unsigned int mode;
+			struct blob *blob;
 			struct object *obj;
+
+			mode = active_cache[i]->ce_mode;
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+				continue;
+			blob = lookup_blob(active_cache[i]->sha1);
 			if (!blob)
 				continue;
 			obj = &blob->object;
 			obj->used = 1;
-			mark_reachable(obj, REACHABLE);
+			mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		}
 		if (active_cache_tree)
 			fsck_cache_tree(active_cache_tree);
diff --git a/builtin-gc.c b/builtin-gc.c
index 3b1f8c2f3e..7d3e9cc7a0 100644
--- a/builtin-gc.c
+++ b/builtin-gc.c
@@ -10,54 +10,221 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Shawn O. Pearce
  */
 
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
 #define FAILED_RUN "failed to run %s"
 
-static const char builtin_gc_usage[] = "git-gc [--prune]";
+static const char * const builtin_gc_usage[] = {
+	"git gc [options]",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static int pack_refs = -1;
+static int pack_refs = 1;
+static int aggressive_window = 250;
+static int gc_auto_threshold = 6700;
+static int gc_auto_pack_limit = 50;
+static const char *prune_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
 
-static const char *argv_pack_refs[] = {"pack-refs", "--prune", NULL};
+#define MAX_ADD 10
+static const char *argv_pack_refs[] = {"pack-refs", "--all", "--prune", NULL};
 static const char *argv_reflog[] = {"reflog", "expire", "--all", NULL};
-static const char *argv_repack[] = {"repack", "-a", "-d", "-l", NULL};
-static const char *argv_prune[] = {"prune", NULL};
+static const char *argv_repack[MAX_ADD] = {"repack", "-d", "-l", NULL};
+static const char *argv_prune[] = {"prune", "--expire", NULL, NULL};
 static const char *argv_rerere[] = {"rerere", "gc", NULL};
 
-static int gc_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int gc_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.packrefs")) {
-		if (!strcmp(value, "notbare"))
+		if (value && !strcmp(value, "notbare"))
 			pack_refs = -1;
 		else
 			pack_refs = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.aggressivewindow")) {
+		aggressive_window = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.auto")) {
+		gc_auto_threshold = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.autopacklimit")) {
+		gc_auto_pack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.pruneexpire")) {
+		if (value && strcmp(value, "now")) {
+			unsigned long now = approxidate("now");
+			if (approxidate(value) >= now)
+				return error("Invalid %s: '%s'", var, value);
+		}
+		return git_config_string(&prune_expire, var, value);
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static void append_option(const char **cmd, const char *opt, int max_length)
 {
 	int i;
-	int prune = 0;
 
-	git_config(gc_config);
+	for (i = 0; cmd[i]; i++)
+		;
+
+	if (i + 2 >= max_length)
+		die("Too many options specified");
+	cmd[i++] = opt;
+	cmd[i] = NULL;
+}
+
+static int too_many_loose_objects(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Quickly check if a "gc" is needed, by estimating how
+	 * many loose objects there are.  Because SHA-1 is evenly
+	 * distributed, we can check only one and get a reasonable
+	 * estimate.
+	 */
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *ent;
+	int auto_threshold;
+	int num_loose = 0;
+	int needed = 0;
+
+	if (gc_auto_threshold <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (sizeof(path) <= snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/17", objdir)) {
+		warning("insanely long object directory %.*s", 50, objdir);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	dir = opendir(path);
+	if (!dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	auto_threshold = (gc_auto_threshold + 255) / 256;
+	while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		if (strspn(ent->d_name, "0123456789abcdef") != 38 ||
+		    ent->d_name[38] != '\0')
+			continue;
+		if (++num_loose > auto_threshold) {
+			needed = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return needed;
+}
+
+static int too_many_packs(void)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	int cnt;
+
+	if (gc_auto_pack_limit <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	prepare_packed_git();
+	for (cnt = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (!p->pack_local)
+			continue;
+		if (p->pack_keep)
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * Perhaps check the size of the pack and count only
+		 * very small ones here?
+		 */
+		cnt++;
+	}
+	return gc_auto_pack_limit <= cnt;
+}
+
+static int need_to_gc(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Setting gc.auto to 0 or negative can disable the
+	 * automatic gc.
+	 */
+	if (gc_auto_threshold <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there are too many loose objects, but not too many
+	 * packs, we run "repack -d -l".  If there are too many packs,
+	 * we run "repack -A -d -l".  Otherwise we tell the caller
+	 * there is no need.
+	 */
+	if (too_many_packs())
+		append_option(argv_repack,
+			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now") ?
+			      "-a" : "-A",
+			      MAX_ADD);
+	else if (!too_many_loose_objects())
+		return 0;
+
+	if (run_hook(NULL, "pre-auto-gc", NULL))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int aggressive = 0;
+	int auto_gc = 0;
+	int quiet = 0;
+	char buf[80];
+
+	struct option builtin_gc_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prune", &prune_expire, "date",
+			"prune unreferenced objects",
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)prune_expire },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "aggressive", &aggressive, "be more thorough (increased runtime)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "auto", &auto_gc, "enable auto-gc mode"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet", &quiet, "suppress progress reports"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(gc_config, NULL);
 
 	if (pack_refs < 0)
 		pack_refs = !is_bare_repository();
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--prune")) {
-			prune = 1;
-			continue;
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_gc_options,
+			     builtin_gc_usage, 0);
+	if (argc > 0)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
+
+	if (aggressive) {
+		append_option(argv_repack, "-f", MAX_ADD);
+		append_option(argv_repack, "--depth=250", MAX_ADD);
+		if (aggressive_window > 0) {
+			sprintf(buf, "--window=%d", aggressive_window);
+			append_option(argv_repack, buf, MAX_ADD);
 		}
-		/* perhaps other parameters later... */
-		break;
 	}
-	if (i != argc)
-		usage(builtin_gc_usage);
+	if (quiet)
+		append_option(argv_repack, "-q", MAX_ADD);
+
+	if (auto_gc) {
+		/*
+		 * Auto-gc should be least intrusive as possible.
+		 */
+		if (!need_to_gc())
+			return 0;
+		fprintf(stderr, "Auto packing your repository for optimum "
+			"performance. You may also\n"
+			"run \"git gc\" manually. See "
+			"\"git help gc\" for more information.\n");
+	} else
+		append_option(argv_repack,
+			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now")
+			      ? "-a" : "-A",
+			      MAX_ADD);
 
 	if (pack_refs && run_command_v_opt(argv_pack_refs, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_pack_refs[0]);
@@ -68,11 +235,18 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_repack, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_repack[0]);
 
-	if (prune && run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+	if (prune_expire) {
+		argv_prune[2] = prune_expire;
+		if (run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+			return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+	}
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_rerere, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_rerere[0]);
 
+	if (auto_gc && too_many_loose_objects())
+		warning("There are too many unreachable loose objects; "
+			"run 'git prune' to remove them.");
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-grep.c b/builtin-grep.c
index 981f3d4d8e..f477659100 100644
--- a/builtin-grep.c
+++ b/builtin-grep.c
@@ -10,8 +10,48 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
 #include "grep.h"
 
+#ifndef NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
+#ifdef __unix__
+#define NO_EXTERNAL_GREP 0
+#else
+#define NO_EXTERNAL_GREP 1
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static char const * const grep_usage[] = {
+	"git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] path...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *opt = cb;
+
+	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
+	case 0: break;
+	case -1: return -1;
+	default: return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep")) {
+		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.external"))
+		return git_config_string(&(opt->color_external), var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		color_parse(value, var, opt->color_match);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
 /*
  * git grep pathspecs are somewhat different from diff-tree pathspecs;
  * pathname wildcards are allowed.
@@ -153,7 +193,7 @@ static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 	return i;
 }
 
-#ifdef __unix__
+#if !NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
 static int exec_grep(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	pid_t pid;
@@ -187,6 +227,104 @@ static int exec_grep(int argc, const char **argv)
 	else die("maximum number of args exceeded"); \
 	} while (0)
 
+/*
+ * If you send a singleton filename to grep, it does not give
+ * the name of the file.  GNU grep has "-H" but we would want
+ * that behaviour in a portable way.
+ *
+ * So we keep two pathnames in argv buffer unsent to grep in
+ * the main loop if we need to do more than one grep.
+ */
+static int flush_grep(struct grep_opt *opt,
+		      int argc, int arg0, const char **argv, int *kept)
+{
+	int status;
+	int count = argc - arg0;
+	const char *kept_0 = NULL;
+
+	if (count <= 2) {
+		/*
+		 * Because we keep at least 2 paths in the call from
+		 * the main loop (i.e. kept != NULL), and MAXARGS is
+		 * far greater than 2, this usually is a call to
+		 * conclude the grep.  However, the user could attempt
+		 * to overflow the argv buffer by giving too many
+		 * options to leave very small number of real
+		 * arguments even for the call in the main loop.
+		 */
+		if (kept)
+			die("insanely many options to grep");
+
+		/*
+		 * If we have two or more paths, we do not have to do
+		 * anything special, but we need to push /dev/null to
+		 * get "-H" behaviour of GNU grep portably but when we
+		 * are not doing "-l" nor "-L" nor "-c".
+		 */
+		if (count == 1 &&
+		    !opt->name_only &&
+		    !opt->unmatch_name_only &&
+		    !opt->count) {
+			argv[argc++] = "/dev/null";
+			argv[argc] = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	else if (kept) {
+		/*
+		 * Called because we found many paths and haven't finished
+		 * iterating over the cache yet.  We keep two paths
+		 * for the concluding call.  argv[argc-2] and argv[argc-1]
+		 * has the last two paths, so save the first one away,
+		 * replace it with NULL while sending the list to grep,
+		 * and recover them after we are done.
+		 */
+		*kept = 2;
+		kept_0 = argv[argc-2];
+		argv[argc-2] = NULL;
+		argc -= 2;
+	}
+
+	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context) {
+		/*
+		 * grep handles hunk marks between files, but we need to
+		 * do that ourselves between multiple calls.
+		 */
+		if (opt->show_hunk_mark)
+			write_or_die(1, "--\n", 3);
+		else
+			opt->show_hunk_mark = 1;
+	}
+
+	status = exec_grep(argc, argv);
+
+	if (kept_0) {
+		/*
+		 * Then recover them.  Now the last arg is beyond the
+		 * terminating NULL which is at argc, and the second
+		 * from the last is what we saved away in kept_0
+		 */
+		argv[arg0++] = kept_0;
+		argv[arg0] = argv[argc+1];
+	}
+	return status;
+}
+
+static void grep_add_color(struct strbuf *sb, const char *escape_seq)
+{
+	size_t orig_len = sb->len;
+
+	while (*escape_seq) {
+		if (*escape_seq == 'm')
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ';');
+		else if (*escape_seq != '\033' && *escape_seq  != '[')
+			strbuf_addch(sb, *escape_seq);
+		escape_seq++;
+	}
+	if (sb->len > orig_len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == ';')
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+}
+
 static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 {
 	int i, nr, argc, hit, len, status;
@@ -209,12 +347,17 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		push_arg("-E");
 	if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE)
 		push_arg("-i");
+	if (opt->binary == GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH)
+		push_arg("-I");
 	if (opt->word_regexp)
 		push_arg("-w");
 	if (opt->name_only)
 		push_arg("-l");
 	if (opt->unmatch_name_only)
 		push_arg("-L");
+	if (opt->null_following_name)
+		/* in GNU grep git's "-z" translates to "-Z" */
+		push_arg("-Z");
 	if (opt->count)
 		push_arg("-c");
 	if (opt->post_context || opt->pre_context) {
@@ -222,7 +365,7 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 			if (opt->pre_context) {
 				push_arg("-B");
 				len += snprintf(argptr, sizeof(randarg)-len,
-						"%u", opt->pre_context);
+						"%u", opt->pre_context) + 1;
 				if (sizeof(randarg) <= len)
 					die("maximum length of args exceeded");
 				push_arg(argptr);
@@ -231,7 +374,7 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 			if (opt->post_context) {
 				push_arg("-A");
 				len += snprintf(argptr, sizeof(randarg)-len,
-						"%u", opt->post_context);
+						"%u", opt->post_context) + 1;
 				if (sizeof(randarg) <= len)
 					die("maximum length of args exceeded");
 				push_arg(argptr);
@@ -241,7 +384,7 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		else {
 			push_arg("-C");
 			len += snprintf(argptr, sizeof(randarg)-len,
-					"%u", opt->post_context);
+					"%u", opt->post_context) + 1;
 			if (sizeof(randarg) <= len)
 				die("maximum length of args exceeded");
 			push_arg(argptr);
@@ -252,24 +395,31 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		push_arg("-e");
 		push_arg(p->pattern);
 	}
+	if (opt->color) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/*
-	 * To make sure we get the header printed out when we want it,
-	 * add /dev/null to the paths to grep.  This is unnecessary
-	 * (and wrong) with "-l" or "-L", which always print out the
-	 * name anyway.
-	 *
-	 * GNU grep has "-H", but this is portable.
-	 */
-	if (!opt->name_only && !opt->unmatch_name_only)
-		push_arg("/dev/null");
+		grep_add_color(&sb, opt->color_match);
+		setenv("GREP_COLOR", sb.buf, 1);
+
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "mt=");
+		grep_add_color(&sb, opt->color_match);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, ":sl=:cx=:fn=:ln=:bn=:se=");
+		setenv("GREP_COLORS", sb.buf, 1);
+
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+		if (opt->color_external && strlen(opt->color_external) > 0)
+			push_arg(opt->color_external);
+	}
 
 	hit = 0;
 	argc = nr;
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		char *name;
-		if (!S_ISREG(ntohl(ce->ce_mode)))
+		int kept;
+		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name))
 			continue;
@@ -281,12 +431,12 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 			memcpy(name + 2, ce->name, len + 1);
 		}
 		argv[argc++] = name;
-		if (argc < MAXARGS && !ce_stage(ce))
-			continue;
-		status = exec_grep(argc, argv);
-		if (0 < status)
-			hit = 1;
-		argc = nr;
+		if (MAXARGS <= argc) {
+			status = flush_grep(opt, argc, nr, argv, &kept);
+			if (0 < status)
+				hit = 1;
+			argc = nr + kept;
+		}
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			do {
 				i++;
@@ -296,7 +446,7 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		}
 	}
 	if (argc > nr) {
-		status = exec_grep(argc, argv);
+		status = flush_grep(opt, argc, nr, argv, NULL);
 		if (0 < status)
 			hit = 1;
 	}
@@ -304,19 +454,20 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 }
 #endif
 
-static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
+static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached,
+		      int external_grep_allowed)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int nr;
 	read_cache();
 
-#ifdef __unix__
+#if !NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
 	/*
 	 * Use the external "grep" command for the case where
 	 * we grep through the checked-out files. It tends to
 	 * be a lot more optimized
 	 */
-	if (!cached) {
+	if (!cached && external_grep_allowed) {
 		hit = external_grep(opt, paths, cached);
 		if (hit >= 0)
 			return hit;
@@ -325,11 +476,16 @@ static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 
 	for (nr = 0; nr < active_nr; nr++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[nr];
-		if (!S_ISREG(ntohl(ce->ce_mode)))
+		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name))
 			continue;
-		if (cached) {
+		/*
+		 * If CE_VALID is on, we assume worktree file and its cache entry
+		 * are identical, even if worktree file has been modified, so use
+		 * cache version instead
+		 */
+		if (cached || (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
 			if (ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, ce->sha1, ce->name, 0);
@@ -357,33 +513,35 @@ static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	char *down;
 	int tn_len = strlen(tree_name);
-	char *path_buf = xmalloc(PATH_MAX + tn_len + 100);
+	struct strbuf pathbuf;
+
+	strbuf_init(&pathbuf, PATH_MAX + tn_len);
 
 	if (tn_len) {
-		tn_len = sprintf(path_buf, "%s:", tree_name);
-		down = path_buf + tn_len;
-		strcat(down, base);
+		strbuf_add(&pathbuf, tree_name, tn_len);
+		strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, ':');
+		tn_len = pathbuf.len;
 	}
-	else {
-		down = path_buf;
-		strcpy(down, base);
-	}
-	len = strlen(path_buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, base);
+	len = pathbuf.len;
 
 	while (tree_entry(tree, &entry)) {
-		strcpy(path_buf + len, entry.path);
+		int te_len = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
+		pathbuf.len = len;
+		strbuf_add(&pathbuf, entry.path, te_len);
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			/* Match "abc/" against pathspec to
 			 * decide if we want to descend into "abc"
 			 * directory.
 			 */
-			strcpy(path_buf + len + tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1), "/");
+			strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
 
+		down = pathbuf.buf + tn_len;
 		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, down))
 			;
 		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode))
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, path_buf, tn_len);
+			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, pathbuf.buf, tn_len);
 		else if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			enum object_type type;
 			struct tree_desc sub;
@@ -399,6 +557,7 @@ static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 			free(data);
 		}
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 	return hit;
 }
 
@@ -424,38 +583,184 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 	die("unable to grep from object of type %s", typename(obj->type));
 }
 
-static const char builtin_grep_usage[] =
-"git-grep <option>* <rev>* [-e] <pattern> [<path>...]";
+static int context_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	int value;
+	const char *endp;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	value = strtol(arg, (char **)&endp, 10);
+	if (*endp) {
+		return error("switch `%c' expects a numerical value",
+			     opt->short_name);
+	}
+	grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = value;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int file_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	FILE *patterns;
+	int lno = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb;
+
+	patterns = fopen(arg, "r");
+	if (!patterns)
+		die_errno("cannot open '%s'", arg);
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
+		/* ignore empty line like grep does */
+		if (sb.len == 0)
+			continue;
+		append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL), arg,
+				    ++lno, GREP_PATTERN);
+	}
+	fclose(patterns);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static const char emsg_invalid_context_len[] =
-"%s: invalid context length argument";
-static const char emsg_missing_context_len[] =
-"missing context length argument";
-static const char emsg_missing_argument[] =
-"option requires an argument -%s";
+static int not_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "--not", "command line", 0, GREP_NOT);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static int strtoul_ui(char const *s, unsigned int *result)
+static int and_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	unsigned long ul;
-	char *p;
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "--and", "command line", 0, GREP_AND);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	errno = 0;
-	ul = strtoul(s, &p, 10);
-	if (errno || *p || p == s || (unsigned int) ul != ul)
-		return -1;
-	*result = ul;
+static int open_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "(", "command line", 0, GREP_OPEN_PAREN);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int close_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, ")", "command line", 0, GREP_CLOSE_PAREN);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int pattern_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, arg, "-e option", 0, GREP_PATTERN);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
 int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int cached = 0;
+	int external_grep_allowed = 1;
 	int seen_dashdash = 0;
 	struct grep_opt opt;
 	struct object_array list = { 0, 0, NULL };
 	const char **paths = NULL;
 	int i;
+	int dummy;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
+			"search in index instead of in the work tree"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "invert-match", &opt.invert,
+			"show non-matching lines"),
+		OPT_BIT('i', "ignore-case", &opt.regflags,
+			"case insensitive matching", REG_ICASE),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('w', "word-regexp", &opt.word_regexp,
+			"match patterns only at word boundaries"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('a', "text", &opt.binary,
+			"process binary files as text", GREP_BINARY_TEXT),
+		OPT_SET_INT('I', NULL, &opt.binary,
+			"don't match patterns in binary files",
+			GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BIT('E', "extended-regexp", &opt.regflags,
+			"use extended POSIX regular expressions", REG_EXTENDED),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('G', "basic-regexp", &opt.regflags,
+			"use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)",
+			REG_EXTENDED),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('F', "fixed-strings", &opt.fixed,
+			"interpret patterns as fixed strings"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &opt.linenum, "show line numbers"),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, "don't show filenames", 1),
+		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, "show filenames", 1),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "full-name", &opt.relative,
+			"show filenames relative to top directory", 1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "files-with-matches", &opt.name_only,
+			"show only filenames instead of matching lines"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &opt.name_only,
+			"synonym for --files-with-matches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('L', "files-without-match",
+			&opt.unmatch_name_only,
+			"show only the names of files without match"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &opt.null_following_name,
+			"print NUL after filenames"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "count", &opt.count,
+			"show the number of matches instead of matching lines"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "color", &opt.color, "highlight matches", 1),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('C', NULL, &opt, "n",
+			"show <n> context lines before and after matches",
+			context_callback),
+		OPT_INTEGER('B', NULL, &opt.pre_context,
+			"show <n> context lines before matches"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('A', NULL, &opt.post_context,
+			"show <n> context lines after matches"),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&opt, "shortcut for -C NUM",
+			context_callback),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "show-function", &opt.funcname,
+			"show a line with the function name before matches"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('f', NULL, &opt, "file",
+			"read patterns from file", file_callback),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', NULL, &opt, "pattern",
+			"match <pattern>", PARSE_OPT_NONEG, pattern_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "and", &opt, NULL,
+		  "combine patterns specified with -e",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, and_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "or", &dummy, ""),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "not", &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, not_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, '(', NULL, &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
+		  open_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, ')', NULL, &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
+		  close_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all-match", &opt.all_match,
+			"show only matches from files that match all patterns"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+#if NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed,
+			"allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"),
+#else
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed,
+			"allow calling of grep(1) (default)"),
+#endif
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", &options, NULL, "show usage",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.prefix_length = (prefix && *prefix) ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
@@ -464,6 +769,12 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	opt.pattern_tail = &opt.pattern_list;
 	opt.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
 
+	strcpy(opt.color_match, GIT_COLOR_RED GIT_COLOR_BOLD);
+	opt.color = -1;
+	git_config(grep_config, &opt);
+	if (opt.color == -1)
+		opt.color = git_use_color_default;
+
 	/*
 	 * If there is no -- then the paths must exist in the working
 	 * tree.  If there is no explicit pattern specified with -e or
@@ -474,207 +785,21 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * unrecognized non option is the beginning of the refs list
 	 * that continues up to the -- (if exists), and then paths.
 	 */
-
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		argc--; argv++;
-		if (!strcmp("--cached", arg)) {
-			cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-a", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--text", arg)) {
-			opt.binary = GREP_BINARY_TEXT;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-i", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--ignore-case", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-I", arg)) {
-			opt.binary = GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-v", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--invert-match", arg)) {
-			opt.invert = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-E", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--extended-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-F", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--fixed-strings", arg)) {
-			opt.fixed = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-G", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--basic-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-n", arg)) {
-			opt.linenum = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-h", arg)) {
-			opt.pathname = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-H", arg)) {
-			opt.pathname = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-l", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--files-with-matches", arg)) {
-			opt.name_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-L", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--files-without-match", arg)) {
-			opt.unmatch_name_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-c", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--count", arg)) {
-			opt.count = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-w", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--word-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.word_regexp = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-A") ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "-B") ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "-C") ||
-		    (arg[0] == '-' && '1' <= arg[1] && arg[1] <= '9')) {
-			unsigned num;
-			const char *scan;
-			switch (arg[1]) {
-			case 'A': case 'B': case 'C':
-				if (!arg[2]) {
-					if (argc <= 1)
-						die(emsg_missing_context_len);
-					scan = *++argv;
-					argc--;
-				}
-				else
-					scan = arg + 2;
-				break;
-			default:
-				scan = arg + 1;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (strtoul_ui(scan, &num))
-				die(emsg_invalid_context_len, scan);
-			switch (arg[1]) {
-			case 'A':
-				opt.post_context = num;
-				break;
-			default:
-			case 'C':
-				opt.post_context = num;
-			case 'B':
-				opt.pre_context = num;
-				break;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-f", arg)) {
-			FILE *patterns;
-			int lno = 0;
-			char buf[1024];
-			if (argc <= 1)
-				die(emsg_missing_argument, arg);
-			patterns = fopen(argv[1], "r");
-			if (!patterns)
-				die("'%s': %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
-			while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), patterns)) {
-				int len = strlen(buf);
-				if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
-					buf[len-1] = 0;
-				/* ignore empty line like grep does */
-				if (!buf[0])
-					continue;
-				append_grep_pattern(&opt, xstrdup(buf),
-						    argv[1], ++lno,
-						    GREP_PATTERN);
-			}
-			fclose(patterns);
-			argv++;
-			argc--;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--not", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_NOT);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--and", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_AND);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--or", arg))
-			continue; /* no-op */
-		if (!strcmp("(", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_OPEN_PAREN);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(")", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_CLOSE_PAREN);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--all-match", arg)) {
-			opt.all_match = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-e", arg)) {
-			if (1 < argc) {
-				append_grep_pattern(&opt, argv[1],
-						    "-e option", 0,
-						    GREP_PATTERN);
-				argv++;
-				argc--;
-				continue;
-			}
-			die(emsg_missing_argument, arg);
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--full-name", arg)) {
-			opt.relative = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--", arg)) {
-			/* later processing wants to have this at argv[1] */
-			argv--;
-			argc++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			usage(builtin_grep_usage);
-
-		/* First unrecognized non-option token */
-		if (!opt.pattern_list) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_PATTERN);
-			break;
-		}
-		else {
-			/* We are looking at the first path or rev;
-			 * it is found at argv[1] after leaving the
-			 * loop.
-			 */
-			argc++; argv--;
-			break;
-		}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, grep_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION |
+			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+
+	/* First unrecognized non-option token */
+	if (argc > 0 && !opt.pattern_list) {
+		append_grep_pattern(&opt, argv[0], "command line", 0,
+				    GREP_PATTERN);
+		argv++;
+		argc--;
 	}
 
+	if ((opt.color && !opt.color_external) || opt.funcname)
+		external_grep_allowed = 0;
 	if (!opt.pattern_list)
 		die("no pattern given.");
 	if ((opt.regflags != REG_NEWLINE) && opt.fixed)
@@ -682,7 +807,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	compile_grep_patterns(&opt);
 
 	/* Check revs and then paths */
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		/* Is it a rev? */
@@ -713,7 +838,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			/* Make sure we do not get outside of paths */
 			for (i = 0; paths[i]; i++)
 				if (strncmp(prefix, paths[i], opt.prefix_length))
-					die("git-grep: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'");
+					die("git grep: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'");
 		}
 	}
 	else if (prefix) {
@@ -722,8 +847,11 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		paths[1] = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (!list.nr)
-		return !grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached);
+	if (!list.nr) {
+		if (!cached)
+			setup_work_tree();
+		return !grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached, external_grep_allowed);
+	}
 
 	if (cached)
 		die("both --cached and trees are given.");
diff --git a/builtin-help.c b/builtin-help.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e1eba778a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-help.c
@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+/*
+ * builtin-help.c
+ *
+ * Builtin help command
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "common-cmds.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "help.h"
+
+static struct man_viewer_list {
+	struct man_viewer_list *next;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} *man_viewer_list;
+
+static struct man_viewer_info_list {
+	struct man_viewer_info_list *next;
+	const char *info;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} *man_viewer_info_list;
+
+enum help_format {
+	HELP_FORMAT_MAN,
+	HELP_FORMAT_INFO,
+	HELP_FORMAT_WEB,
+};
+
+static int show_all = 0;
+static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_MAN;
+static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, "print all available commands"),
+	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, "show man page", HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
+	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, "show manual in web browser",
+			HELP_FORMAT_WEB),
+	OPT_SET_INT('i', "info", &help_format, "show info page",
+			HELP_FORMAT_INFO),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_help_usage[] = {
+	"git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static enum help_format parse_help_format(const char *format)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(format, "man"))
+		return HELP_FORMAT_MAN;
+	if (!strcmp(format, "info"))
+		return HELP_FORMAT_INFO;
+	if (!strcmp(format, "web") || !strcmp(format, "html"))
+		return HELP_FORMAT_WEB;
+	die("unrecognized help format '%s'", format);
+}
+
+static const char *get_man_viewer_info(const char *name)
+{
+	struct man_viewer_info_list *viewer;
+
+	for (viewer = man_viewer_info_list; viewer; viewer = viewer->next)
+	{
+		if (!strcasecmp(name, viewer->name))
+			return viewer->info;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int check_emacsclient_version(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process ec_process;
+	const char *argv_ec[] = { "emacsclient", "--version", NULL };
+	int version;
+
+	/* emacsclient prints its version number on stderr */
+	memset(&ec_process, 0, sizeof(ec_process));
+	ec_process.argv = argv_ec;
+	ec_process.err = -1;
+	ec_process.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	if (start_command(&ec_process))
+		return error("Failed to start emacsclient.");
+
+	strbuf_read(&buffer, ec_process.err, 20);
+	close(ec_process.err);
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't bother checking return value, because "emacsclient --version"
+	 * seems to always exits with code 1.
+	 */
+	finish_command(&ec_process);
+
+	if (prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "emacsclient")) {
+		strbuf_release(&buffer);
+		return error("Failed to parse emacsclient version.");
+	}
+
+	strbuf_remove(&buffer, 0, strlen("emacsclient"));
+	version = atoi(buffer.buf);
+
+	if (version < 22) {
+		strbuf_release(&buffer);
+		return error("emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22).",
+			version);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void exec_woman_emacs(const char *path, const char *page)
+{
+	if (!check_emacsclient_version()) {
+		/* This works only with emacsclient version >= 22. */
+		struct strbuf man_page = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (!path)
+			path = "emacsclient";
+		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "(woman \"%s\")", page);
+		execlp(path, "emacsclient", "-e", man_page.buf, NULL);
+		warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	}
+}
+
+static void exec_man_konqueror(const char *path, const char *page)
+{
+	const char *display = getenv("DISPLAY");
+	if (display && *display) {
+		struct strbuf man_page = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *filename = "kfmclient";
+
+		/* It's simpler to launch konqueror using kfmclient. */
+		if (path) {
+			const char *file = strrchr(path, '/');
+			if (file && !strcmp(file + 1, "konqueror")) {
+				char *new = xstrdup(path);
+				char *dest = strrchr(new, '/');
+
+				/* strlen("konqueror") == strlen("kfmclient") */
+				strcpy(dest + 1, "kfmclient");
+				path = new;
+			}
+			if (file)
+				filename = file;
+		} else
+			path = "kfmclient";
+		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "man:%s(1)", page);
+		execlp(path, filename, "newTab", man_page.buf, NULL);
+		warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	}
+}
+
+static void exec_man_man(const char *path, const char *page)
+{
+	if (!path)
+		path = "man";
+	execlp(path, "man", page, NULL);
+	warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static void exec_man_cmd(const char *cmd, const char *page)
+{
+	struct strbuf shell_cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&shell_cmd, "%s %s", cmd, page);
+	execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", shell_cmd.buf, NULL);
+	warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", cmd, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static void add_man_viewer(const char *name)
+{
+	struct man_viewer_list **p = &man_viewer_list;
+	size_t len = strlen(name);
+
+	while (*p)
+		p = &((*p)->next);
+	*p = xcalloc(1, (sizeof(**p) + len + 1));
+	strncpy((*p)->name, name, len);
+}
+
+static int supported_man_viewer(const char *name, size_t len)
+{
+	return (!strncasecmp("man", name, len) ||
+		!strncasecmp("woman", name, len) ||
+		!strncasecmp("konqueror", name, len));
+}
+
+static void do_add_man_viewer_info(const char *name,
+				   size_t len,
+				   const char *value)
+{
+	struct man_viewer_info_list *new = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*new) + len + 1);
+
+	strncpy(new->name, name, len);
+	new->info = xstrdup(value);
+	new->next = man_viewer_info_list;
+	man_viewer_info_list = new;
+}
+
+static int add_man_viewer_path(const char *name,
+			       size_t len,
+			       const char *value)
+{
+	if (supported_man_viewer(name, len))
+		do_add_man_viewer_info(name, len, value);
+	else
+		warning("'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+			"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead.",
+			name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_man_viewer_cmd(const char *name,
+			      size_t len,
+			      const char *value)
+{
+	if (supported_man_viewer(name, len))
+		warning("'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+			"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead.",
+			name);
+	else
+		do_add_man_viewer_info(name, len, value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_man_viewer_info(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	const char *name = var + 4;
+	const char *subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+
+	if (!subkey)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".path")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		return add_man_viewer_path(name, subkey - name, value);
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".cmd")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, subkey - name, value);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_help_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "help.format")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		help_format = parse_help_format(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "man.viewer")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		add_man_viewer(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "man."))
+		return add_man_viewer_info(var, value);
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+
+void list_common_cmds_help(void)
+{
+	int i, longest = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
+		if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
+			longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
+	}
+
+	puts("The most commonly used git commands are:");
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
+		printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
+		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
+		puts(common_cmds[i].help);
+	}
+}
+
+static int is_git_command(const char *s)
+{
+	return is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, s) ||
+		is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, s);
+}
+
+static const char *prepend(const char *prefix, const char *cmd)
+{
+	size_t pre_len = strlen(prefix);
+	size_t cmd_len = strlen(cmd);
+	char *p = xmalloc(pre_len + cmd_len + 1);
+	memcpy(p, prefix, pre_len);
+	strcpy(p + pre_len, cmd);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static const char *cmd_to_page(const char *git_cmd)
+{
+	if (!git_cmd)
+		return "git";
+	else if (!prefixcmp(git_cmd, "git"))
+		return git_cmd;
+	else if (is_git_command(git_cmd))
+		return prepend("git-", git_cmd);
+	else
+		return prepend("git", git_cmd);
+}
+
+static void setup_man_path(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *old_path = getenv("MANPATH");
+
+	/* We should always put ':' after our path. If there is no
+	 * old_path, the ':' at the end will let 'man' to try
+	 * system-wide paths after ours to find the manual page. If
+	 * there is old_path, we need ':' as delimiter. */
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, system_path(GIT_MAN_PATH));
+	strbuf_addch(&new_path, ':');
+	if (old_path)
+		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
+
+	setenv("MANPATH", new_path.buf, 1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&new_path);
+}
+
+static void exec_viewer(const char *name, const char *page)
+{
+	const char *info = get_man_viewer_info(name);
+
+	if (!strcasecmp(name, "man"))
+		exec_man_man(info, page);
+	else if (!strcasecmp(name, "woman"))
+		exec_woman_emacs(info, page);
+	else if (!strcasecmp(name, "konqueror"))
+		exec_man_konqueror(info, page);
+	else if (info)
+		exec_man_cmd(info, page);
+	else
+		warning("'%s': unknown man viewer.", name);
+}
+
+static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
+{
+	struct man_viewer_list *viewer;
+	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
+	const char *fallback = getenv("GIT_MAN_VIEWER");
+
+	setup_man_path();
+	for (viewer = man_viewer_list; viewer; viewer = viewer->next)
+	{
+		exec_viewer(viewer->name, page); /* will return when unable */
+	}
+	if (fallback)
+		exec_viewer(fallback, page);
+	exec_viewer("man", page);
+	die("no man viewer handled the request");
+}
+
+static void show_info_page(const char *git_cmd)
+{
+	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
+	setenv("INFOPATH", system_path(GIT_INFO_PATH), 1);
+	execlp("info", "info", "gitman", page, NULL);
+}
+
+static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	const char *html_path = system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH);
+
+	/* Check that we have a git documentation directory. */
+	if (stat(mkpath("%s/git.html", html_path), &st)
+	    || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		die("'%s': not a documentation directory.", html_path);
+
+	strbuf_init(page_path, 0);
+	strbuf_addf(page_path, "%s/%s.html", html_path, page);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If open_html is not defined in a platform-specific way (see for
+ * example compat/mingw.h), we use the script web--browse to display
+ * HTML.
+ */
+#ifndef open_html
+static void open_html(const char *path)
+{
+	execl_git_cmd("web--browse", "-c", "help.browser", path, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void show_html_page(const char *git_cmd)
+{
+	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
+	struct strbuf page_path; /* it leaks but we exec bellow */
+
+	get_html_page_path(&page_path, page);
+
+	open_html(page_path.buf);
+}
+
+int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int nongit;
+	const char *alias;
+	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_help_options,
+			builtin_help_usage, 0);
+
+	if (show_all) {
+		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
+		list_commands("git commands", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+		printf("%s\n", git_more_info_string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!argv[0]) {
+		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
+		list_common_cmds_help();
+		printf("\n%s\n", git_more_info_string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	alias = alias_lookup(argv[0]);
+	if (alias && !is_git_command(argv[0])) {
+		printf("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'\n", argv[0], alias);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch (help_format) {
+	case HELP_FORMAT_MAN:
+		show_man_page(argv[0]);
+		break;
+	case HELP_FORMAT_INFO:
+		show_info_page(argv[0]);
+		break;
+	case HELP_FORMAT_WEB:
+		show_html_page(argv[0]);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-http-fetch.c b/builtin-http-fetch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3e63d7206
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-http-fetch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "walker.h"
+
+int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct walker *walker;
+	int commits_on_stdin = 0;
+	int commits;
+	const char **write_ref = NULL;
+	char **commit_id;
+	const char *url;
+	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
+	int arg = 1;
+	int rc = 0;
+	int get_tree = 0;
+	int get_history = 0;
+	int get_all = 0;
+	int get_verbosely = 0;
+	int get_recover = 0;
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
+		if (argv[arg][1] == 't') {
+			get_tree = 1;
+		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'c') {
+			get_history = 1;
+		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'a') {
+			get_all = 1;
+			get_tree = 1;
+			get_history = 1;
+		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'v') {
+			get_verbosely = 1;
+		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w') {
+			write_ref = &argv[arg + 1];
+			arg++;
+		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--recover")) {
+			get_recover = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--stdin")) {
+			commits_on_stdin = 1;
+		}
+		arg++;
+	}
+	if (argc < arg + 2 - commits_on_stdin) {
+		usage("git http-fetch [-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] [--stdin] commit-id url");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (commits_on_stdin) {
+		commits = walker_targets_stdin(&commit_id, &write_ref);
+	} else {
+		commit_id = (char **) &argv[arg++];
+		commits = 1;
+	}
+	url = argv[arg];
+	if (url && url[strlen(url)-1] != '/') {
+		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(url)+2);
+		strcpy(rewritten_url, url);
+		strcat(rewritten_url, "/");
+		url = rewritten_url;
+	}
+
+	walker = get_http_walker(url, NULL);
+	walker->get_tree = get_tree;
+	walker->get_history = get_history;
+	walker->get_all = get_all;
+	walker->get_verbosely = get_verbosely;
+	walker->get_recover = get_recover;
+
+	rc = walker_fetch(walker, commits, commit_id, write_ref, url);
+
+	if (commits_on_stdin)
+		walker_targets_free(commits, commit_id, write_ref);
+
+	if (walker->corrupt_object_found) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+"Some loose object were found to be corrupt, but they might be just\n"
+"a false '404 Not Found' error message sent with incorrect HTTP\n"
+"status code.  Suggest running 'git fsck'.\n");
+	}
+
+	walker_free(walker);
+
+	free(rewritten_url);
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-init-db.c b/builtin-init-db.c
index 4df9fd0fad..4a5600631c 100644
--- a/builtin-init-db.c
+++ b/builtin-init-db.c
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
-#define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates/"
+#define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
 #endif
 
 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
@@ -16,6 +17,9 @@
 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
 #endif
 
+static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
+static int init_shared_repository = -1;
+
 static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
 {
 	if (mkdir(dir, 0777) < 0) {
@@ -25,27 +29,7 @@ static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
 		}
 	}
 	else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
-		die("Could not make %s writable by group\n", dir);
-}
-
-static int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
-{
-	int fdi, fdo, status;
-
-	mode = (mode & 0111) ? 0777 : 0666;
-	if ((fdi = open(src, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
-		return fdi;
-	if ((fdo = open(dst, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode)) < 0) {
-		close(fdi);
-		return fdo;
-	}
-	status = copy_fd(fdi, fdo);
-	close(fdo);
-
-	if (!status && adjust_shared_perm(dst))
-		return -1;
-
-	return status;
+		die("Could not make %s writable by group", dir);
 }
 
 static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
@@ -56,7 +40,7 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 
 	/* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
 	 * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
-	 * cause git-init to fail here.  I think this is sane but
+	 * cause "git init" to fail here.  I think this is sane but
 	 * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
 	 * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
 	 * be really carefully chosen.
@@ -77,20 +61,20 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 		memcpy(template + template_baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
 		if (lstat(path, &st_git)) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				die("cannot stat %s", path);
+				die_errno("cannot stat '%s'", path);
 		}
 		else
 			exists = 1;
 
 		if (lstat(template, &st_template))
-			die("cannot stat template %s", template);
+			die_errno("cannot stat template '%s'", template);
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			DIR *subdir = opendir(template);
 			int baselen_sub = baselen + namelen;
 			int template_baselen_sub = template_baselen + namelen;
 			if (!subdir)
-				die("cannot opendir %s", template);
+				die_errno("cannot opendir '%s'", template);
 			path[baselen_sub++] =
 				template[template_baselen_sub++] = '/';
 			path[baselen_sub] =
@@ -107,44 +91,49 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 			int len;
 			len = readlink(template, lnk, sizeof(lnk));
 			if (len < 0)
-				die("cannot readlink %s", template);
+				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", template);
 			if (sizeof(lnk) <= len)
 				die("insanely long symlink %s", template);
 			lnk[len] = 0;
 			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die("cannot symlink %s %s", lnk, path);
+				die_errno("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'", lnk, path);
 		}
 		else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			if (copy_file(path, template, st_template.st_mode))
-				die("cannot copy %s to %s", template, path);
+				die_errno("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'", template,
+					  path);
 		}
 		else
 			error("ignoring template %s", template);
 	}
 }
 
-static void copy_templates(const char *git_dir, int len, const char *template_dir)
+static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 {
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	char template_path[PATH_MAX];
 	int template_len;
 	DIR *dir;
+	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	int len = strlen(git_dir);
 
-	if (!template_dir) {
+	if (!template_dir)
 		template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (!template_dir)
-			template_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR;
-	}
+	if (!template_dir)
+		template_dir = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
+	if (!template_dir[0])
+		return;
+	template_len = strlen(template_dir);
+	if (PATH_MAX <= (template_len+strlen("/config")))
+		die("insanely long template path %s", template_dir);
 	strcpy(template_path, template_dir);
-	template_len = strlen(template_path);
 	if (template_path[template_len-1] != '/') {
 		template_path[template_len++] = '/';
 		template_path[template_len] = 0;
 	}
 	dir = opendir(template_path);
 	if (!dir) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: templates not found %s\n",
-			template_dir);
+		warning("templates not found %s", template_dir);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -152,13 +141,13 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *git_dir, int len, const char *template_di
 	strcpy(template_path + template_len, "config");
 	repository_format_version = 0;
 	git_config_from_file(check_repository_format_version,
-			     template_path);
+			     template_path, NULL);
 	template_path[template_len] = 0;
 
 	if (repository_format_version &&
 	    repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: not copying templates of "
-			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'\n",
+		warning("not copying templates of "
+			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'",
 			repository_format_version,
 			template_dir);
 		closedir(dir);
@@ -166,6 +155,8 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *git_dir, int len, const char *template_di
 	}
 
 	memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
+	if (len && path[len - 1] != '/')
+		path[len++] = '/';
 	path[len] = 0;
 	copy_templates_1(path, len,
 			 template_path, template_len,
@@ -173,13 +164,14 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *git_dir, int len, const char *template_di
 	closedir(dir);
 }
 
-static int create_default_files(const char *git_dir, const char *template_path)
+static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 {
+	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 	unsigned len = strlen(git_dir);
 	static char path[PATH_MAX];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct stat st1;
 	char repo_version_string[10];
+	char junk[2];
 	int reinit;
 	int filemode;
 
@@ -193,35 +185,32 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *git_dir, const char *template_path)
 	/*
 	 * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
 	 */
-	strcpy(path + len, "refs");
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
-	strcpy(path + len, "refs/heads");
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
-	strcpy(path + len, "refs/tags");
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
+	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
+	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/heads"), 1);
+	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/tags"), 1);
 
 	/* First copy the templates -- we might have the default
 	 * config file there, in which case we would want to read
 	 * from it after installing.
 	 */
-	path[len] = 0;
-	copy_templates(path, len, template_path);
+	copy_templates(template_path);
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	/* reading existing config may have overwrote it */
+	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
+		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
 
 	/*
 	 * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
 	 * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
 	 */
 	if (shared_repository) {
-		path[len] = 0;
-		adjust_shared_perm(path);
-		strcpy(path + len, "refs");
-		adjust_shared_perm(path);
-		strcpy(path + len, "refs/heads");
-		adjust_shared_perm(path);
-		strcpy(path + len, "refs/tags");
-		adjust_shared_perm(path);
+		adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
+		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
+		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/heads"));
+		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/tags"));
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -229,7 +218,8 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *git_dir, const char *template_path)
 	 * branch, if it does not exist yet.
 	 */
 	strcpy(path + len, "HEAD");
-	reinit = !read_ref("HEAD", sha1);
+	reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
+		  || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
 	if (!reinit) {
 		if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
 			exit(1);
@@ -252,54 +242,52 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *git_dir, const char *template_path)
 	}
 	git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
 
-	if (is_bare_repository()) {
+	if (is_bare_repository())
 		git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
-	}
 	else {
+		const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 		git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
 		/* allow template config file to override the default */
 		if (log_all_ref_updates == -1)
 		    git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
+		if (prefixcmp(git_dir, work_tree) ||
+		    strcmp(git_dir + strlen(work_tree), "/.git")) {
+			git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
+		}
 	}
+
+	if (!reinit) {
+		/* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
+		path[len] = 0;
+		strcpy(path + len, "tXXXXXX");
+		if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
+		    !unlink(path) &&
+		    !symlink("testing", path) &&
+		    !lstat(path, &st1) &&
+		    S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
+			unlink(path); /* good */
+		else
+			git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
+
+		/* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
+		path[len] = 0;
+		strcpy(path + len, "CoNfIg");
+		if (!access(path, F_OK))
+			git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
+	}
+
 	return reinit;
 }
 
-static const char init_db_usage[] =
-"git-init [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared]";
-
-/*
- * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
- * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
- * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
- * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
- */
-int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	const char *git_dir;
 	const char *sha1_dir;
-	const char *template_dir = NULL;
 	char *path;
-	int len, i, reinit;
+	int len, reinit;
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--template="))
-			template_dir = arg+11;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shared"))
-			shared_repository = PERM_GROUP;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--shared="))
-			shared_repository = git_config_perm("arg", arg+9);
-		else
-			usage(init_db_usage);
-	}
+	safe_create_dir(get_git_dir(), 0);
 
-	/*
-	 * Set up the default .git directory contents
-	 */
-	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!git_dir)
-		git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
-	safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
+	init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
 
 	/* Check to see if the repository version is right.
 	 * Note that a newly created repository does not have
@@ -308,11 +296,8 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 */
 	check_repository_format();
 
-	reinit = create_default_files(git_dir, template_dir);
+	reinit = create_default_files(template_dir);
 
-	/*
-	 * And set up the object store.
-	 */
 	sha1_dir = get_object_directory();
 	len = strlen(sha1_dir);
 	path = xmalloc(len + 40);
@@ -328,17 +313,142 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		char buf[10];
 		/* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
 		 * the configuration can be read by older version
-		 * of git.
+		 * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
+		 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
+		 * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 		 */
-		sprintf(buf, "%d", shared_repository);
+		if (shared_repository < 0)
+			/* force to the mode value */
+			sprintf(buf, "0%o", -shared_repository);
+		else if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
+			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
+		else if (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY)
+			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
+		else
+			die("oops");
 		git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 		git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 	}
 
-	printf("%s%s Git repository in %s/\n",
-		reinit ? "Reinitialized existing" : "Initialized empty",
-		shared_repository ? " shared" : "",
-		git_dir);
+	if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET))
+		printf("%s%s Git repository in %s/\n",
+		       reinit ? "Reinitialized existing" : "Initialized empty",
+		       shared_repository ? " shared" : "",
+		       get_git_dir());
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
+{
+	char cwd[PATH_MAX];
+	const char *slash;
+
+	/*
+	 * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
+	 * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
+	 */
+	if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
+		return 1;
+	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
+		die_errno("cannot tell cwd");
+	if (!strcmp(git_dir, cwd))
+		return 1;
+	/*
+	 * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
+	 */
+	if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
+		return 0;
+	slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
+	if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise it is often bare.  At this point
+	 * we are just guessing.
+	 */
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static const char init_db_usage[] =
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]";
+
+/*
+ * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
+ * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
+ * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
+ * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
+ */
+int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *git_dir;
+	const char *template_dir = NULL;
+	unsigned int flags = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[1];
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--template="))
+			template_dir = arg+11;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--bare")) {
+			static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
+			is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
+			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, getcwd(git_dir,
+						sizeof(git_dir)), 0);
+		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shared"))
+			init_shared_repository = PERM_GROUP;
+		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--shared="))
+			init_shared_repository = git_config_perm("arg", arg+9);
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-q") || !strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
+			flags |= INIT_DB_QUIET;
+		else
+			usage(init_db_usage);
+	}
+
+	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
+		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
+
+	/*
+	 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
+	 * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
+	 */
+	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1)
+	    && getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT))
+		die("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
+		    "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)",
+		    GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
+		    GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+	/*
+	 * Set up the default .git directory contents
+	 */
+	if (!git_dir)
+		git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
+
+	if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
+		is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
+
+	if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
+		if (git_dir) {
+			const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
+			if (git_dir_parent) {
+				char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
+				git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(rel));
+				free(rel);
+			}
+		}
+		if (!git_work_tree_cfg) {
+			git_work_tree_cfg = xcalloc(PATH_MAX, 1);
+			if (!getcwd(git_work_tree_cfg, PATH_MAX))
+				die_errno ("Cannot access current working directory");
+		}
+		if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
+			die_errno ("Cannot access work tree '%s'",
+				   get_git_work_tree());
+	}
+
+	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
+
+	return init_db(template_dir, flags);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-log.c b/builtin-log.c
index 71df957eaa..0c2fa0ae2d 100644
--- a/builtin-log.c
+++ b/builtin-log.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  *		 2006 Junio Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "color.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -12,11 +13,19 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "patch-ids.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "shortlog.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static int default_show_root = 1;
+/* Set a default date-time format for git log ("log.date" config variable) */
+static const char *default_date_mode = NULL;
 
-/* this is in builtin-diff.c */
-void add_head(struct rev_info *revs);
+static int default_show_root = 1;
+static const char *fmt_patch_subject_prefix = "PATCH";
+static const char *fmt_pretty;
 
 static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 		      struct rev_info *rev)
@@ -25,30 +34,172 @@ static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 
 	rev->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
+	if (fmt_pretty)
+		get_commit_format(fmt_pretty, rev);
 	rev->verbose_header = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 	rev->show_root_diff = default_show_root;
+	rev->subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+
+	if (default_date_mode)
+		rev->date_mode = parse_date_format(default_date_mode);
+
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, rev, "HEAD");
+
 	if (rev->diffopt.pickaxe || rev->diffopt.filter)
 		rev->always_show_header = 0;
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES)) {
+		rev->always_show_header = 0;
+		if (rev->diffopt.nr_paths != 1)
+			usage("git logs can only follow renames on one pathname at a time");
+	}
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--encoding=")) {
-			arg += 11;
-			if (strcmp(arg, "none"))
-				git_log_output_encoding = xstrdup(arg);
-			else
-				git_log_output_encoding = "";
-		}
-		else
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--decorate")) {
+			load_ref_decorations();
+			rev->show_decorations = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--source")) {
+			rev->show_source = 1;
+		} else
 			die("unrecognized argument: %s", arg);
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * This gives a rough estimate for how many commits we
+ * will print out in the list.
+ */
+static int estimate_commit_count(struct rev_info *rev, struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		unsigned int flags = commit->object.flags;
+		list = list->next;
+		if (!(flags & (TREESAME | UNINTERESTING)))
+			n++;
+	}
+	return n;
+}
+
+static void show_early_header(struct rev_info *rev, const char *stage, int nr)
+{
+	if (rev->shown_one) {
+		rev->shown_one = 0;
+		if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+			putchar(rev->diffopt.line_termination);
+	}
+	printf("Final output: %d %s\n", nr, stage);
+}
+
+static struct itimerval early_output_timer;
+
+static void log_show_early(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	int i = revs->early_output;
+	int show_header = 1;
+
+	sort_in_topological_order(&list, revs->lifo);
+	while (list && i) {
+		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		switch (simplify_commit(revs, commit)) {
+		case commit_show:
+			if (show_header) {
+				int n = estimate_commit_count(revs, list);
+				show_early_header(revs, "incomplete", n);
+				show_header = 0;
+			}
+			log_tree_commit(revs, commit);
+			i--;
+			break;
+		case commit_ignore:
+			break;
+		case commit_error:
+			return;
+		}
+		list = list->next;
+	}
+
+	/* Did we already get enough commits for the early output? */
+	if (!i)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * ..if no, then repeat it twice a second until we
+	 * do.
+	 *
+	 * NOTE! We don't use "it_interval", because if the
+	 * reader isn't listening, we want our output to be
+	 * throttled by the writing, and not have the timer
+	 * trigger every second even if we're blocked on a
+	 * reader!
+	 */
+	early_output_timer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+	early_output_timer.it_value.tv_usec = 500000;
+	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &early_output_timer, NULL);
+}
+
+static void early_output(int signal)
+{
+	show_early_output = log_show_early;
+}
+
+static void setup_early_output(struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	struct sigaction sa;
+
+	/*
+	 * Set up the signal handler, minimally intrusively:
+	 * we only set a single volatile integer word (not
+	 * using sigatomic_t - trying to avoid unnecessary
+	 * system dependencies and headers), and using
+	 * SA_RESTART.
+	 */
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = early_output;
+	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
+	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we can get the whole output in less than a
+	 * tenth of a second, don't even bother doing the
+	 * early-output thing..
+	 *
+	 * This is a one-time-only trigger.
+	 */
+	early_output_timer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+	early_output_timer.it_value.tv_usec = 100000;
+	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &early_output_timer, NULL);
+}
+
+static void finish_early_output(struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	int n = estimate_commit_count(rev, rev->commits);
+	signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
+	show_early_header(rev, "done", n);
+}
+
 static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	prepare_revision_walk(rev);
+	if (rev->early_output)
+		setup_early_output(rev);
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	if (rev->early_output)
+		finish_early_output(rev);
+
+	/*
+	 * For --check and --exit-code, the exit code is based on CHECK_FAILED
+	 * and HAS_CHANGES being accumulated in rev->diffopt, so be careful to
+	 * retain that state information if replacing rev->diffopt in this loop
+	 */
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
 		log_tree_commit(rev, commit);
 		if (!rev->reflog_info) {
@@ -59,26 +210,39 @@ static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
 		commit->parents = NULL;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	if (rev->diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF &&
+	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, CHECK_FAILED)) {
+		return 02;
+	}
+	return diff_result_code(&rev->diffopt, 0);
 }
 
-static int git_log_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_log_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.pretty"))
+		return git_config_string(&fmt_pretty, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.subjectprefix"))
+		return git_config_string(&fmt_patch_subject_prefix, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "log.date"))
+		return git_config_string(&default_date_mode, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "log.showroot")) {
 		default_show_root = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_diff_ui_config(var, value);
+	return git_diff_ui_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 
-	git_config(git_log_config);
+	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.diff = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.recursive = 1;
 	rev.simplify_history = 0;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format)
@@ -86,7 +250,19 @@ int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 }
 
-static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int suppress_header)
+static void show_tagger(char *buf, int len, struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	pp_user_info("Tagger", rev->commit_format, &out, buf, rev->date_mode,
+		git_log_output_encoding ?
+		git_log_output_encoding: git_commit_encoding);
+	printf("%s\n", out.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+}
+
+static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int show_tag_object,
+	struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -96,11 +272,14 @@ static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int suppress_header)
 	if (!buf)
 		return error("Could not read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
-	if (suppress_header)
-		while (offset < size && buf[offset++] != '\n') {
-			int new_offset = offset;
+	if (show_tag_object)
+		while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
+			int new_offset = offset + 1;
 			while (new_offset < size && buf[new_offset++] != '\n')
 				; /* do nothing */
+			if (!prefixcmp(buf + offset, "tagger "))
+				show_tagger(buf + offset + 7,
+					    new_offset - offset - 7, rev);
 			offset = new_offset;
 		}
 
@@ -112,7 +291,7 @@ static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int suppress_header)
 
 static int show_tree_object(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		const char *base, int baselen,
-		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage)
+		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
 	printf("%s%s\n", pathname, S_ISDIR(mode) ? "/" : "");
 	return 0;
@@ -124,10 +303,13 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct object_array_entry *objects;
 	int i, count, ret = 0;
 
-	git_config(git_log_config);
+	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.diff = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.recursive = 1;
 	rev.combine_merges = 1;
 	rev.dense_combined_merges = 1;
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
@@ -142,31 +324,33 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *name = objects[i].name;
 		switch (o->type) {
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 0);
+			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 0, NULL);
 			break;
 		case OBJ_TAG: {
 			struct tag *t = (struct tag *)o;
 
-			printf("%stag %s%s\n\n",
-					diff_get_color(rev.diffopt.color_diff,
-						DIFF_COMMIT),
+			printf("%stag %s%s\n",
+					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					t->tag,
-					diff_get_color(rev.diffopt.color_diff,
-						DIFF_RESET));
-			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 1);
-			objects[i].item = (struct object *)t->tagged;
+					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
+			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 1, &rev);
+			if (ret)
+				break;
+			o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+			if (!o)
+				ret = error("Could not read object %s",
+					    sha1_to_hex(t->tagged->sha1));
+			objects[i].item = o;
 			i--;
 			break;
 		}
 		case OBJ_TREE:
 			printf("%stree %s%s\n\n",
-					diff_get_color(rev.diffopt.color_diff,
-						DIFF_COMMIT),
+					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					name,
-					diff_get_color(rev.diffopt.color_diff,
-						DIFF_RESET));
+					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
 			read_tree_recursive((struct tree *)o, "", 0, 0, NULL,
-					show_tree_object);
+					show_tree_object, NULL);
 			break;
 		case OBJ_COMMIT:
 			rev.pending.nr = rev.pending.alloc = 0;
@@ -189,7 +373,11 @@ int cmd_log_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 
-	git_config(git_log_config);
+	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	init_reflog_walk(&rev.reflog_info);
 	rev.abbrev_commit = 1;
@@ -202,6 +390,7 @@ int cmd_log_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * allow us to set a different default.
 	 */
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_ONELINE;
+	rev.use_terminator = 1;
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
 
 	/*
@@ -217,7 +406,11 @@ int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 
-	git_config(git_log_config);
+	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
+
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev);
@@ -225,133 +418,141 @@ int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 }
 
 /* format-patch */
-#define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
 
-static int istitlechar(char c)
+static const char *fmt_patch_suffix = ".patch";
+static int numbered = 0;
+static int auto_number = 1;
+
+static char *default_attach = NULL;
+
+static char **extra_hdr;
+static int extra_hdr_nr;
+static int extra_hdr_alloc;
+
+static char **extra_to;
+static int extra_to_nr;
+static int extra_to_alloc;
+
+static char **extra_cc;
+static int extra_cc_nr;
+static int extra_cc_alloc;
+
+static void add_header(const char *value)
 {
-	return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
-		(c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.' || c == '_';
+	int len = strlen(value);
+	while (len && value[len - 1] == '\n')
+		len--;
+	if (!strncasecmp(value, "to: ", 4)) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(extra_to, extra_to_nr + 1, extra_to_alloc);
+		extra_to[extra_to_nr++] = xstrndup(value + 4, len - 4);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!strncasecmp(value, "cc: ", 4)) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(extra_cc, extra_cc_nr + 1, extra_cc_alloc);
+		extra_cc[extra_cc_nr++] = xstrndup(value + 4, len - 4);
+		return;
+	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(extra_hdr, extra_hdr_nr + 1, extra_hdr_alloc);
+	extra_hdr[extra_hdr_nr++] = xstrndup(value, len);
 }
 
-static char *extra_headers = NULL;
-static int extra_headers_size = 0;
-static const char *fmt_patch_suffix = ".patch";
+#define THREAD_SHALLOW 1
+#define THREAD_DEEP 2
+static int thread = 0;
+static int do_signoff = 0;
 
-static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "format.headers")) {
-		int len;
-
 		if (!value)
 			die("format.headers without value");
-		len = strlen(value);
-		extra_headers_size += len + 1;
-		extra_headers = xrealloc(extra_headers, extra_headers_size);
-		extra_headers[extra_headers_size - len - 1] = 0;
-		strcat(extra_headers, value);
+		add_header(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(var, "format.suffix")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.suffix"))
+		return git_config_string(&fmt_patch_suffix, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.cc")) {
 		if (!value)
-			die("format.suffix without value");
-		fmt_patch_suffix = xstrdup(value);
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		ALLOC_GROW(extra_cc, extra_cc_nr + 1, extra_cc_alloc);
+		extra_cc[extra_cc_nr++] = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.diff")) {
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_log_config(var, value);
-}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.numbered")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "auto")) {
+			auto_number = 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		numbered = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		auto_number = auto_number && numbered;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.attach")) {
+		if (value && *value)
+			default_attach = xstrdup(value);
+		else
+			default_attach = xstrdup(git_version_string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.thread")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "deep")) {
+			thread = THREAD_DEEP;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "shallow")) {
+			thread = THREAD_SHALLOW;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		thread = git_config_bool(var, value) && THREAD_SHALLOW;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.signoff")) {
+		do_signoff = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
+	return git_log_config(var, value, cb);
+}
 
 static FILE *realstdout = NULL;
 static const char *output_directory = NULL;
+static int outdir_offset;
 
-static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, int nr, int keep_subject)
+static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char *sol;
-	int len = 0;
+	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
 
 	if (output_directory) {
-		if (strlen(output_directory) >=
-		    sizeof(filename) - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
+		if (filename.len >=
+		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
 			return error("name of output directory is too long");
-		strlcpy(filename, output_directory, sizeof(filename) - suffix_len);
-		len = strlen(filename);
-		if (filename[len - 1] != '/')
-			filename[len++] = '/';
-	}
-
-	sprintf(filename + len, "%04d", nr);
-	len = strlen(filename);
-
-	sol = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
-	if (sol) {
-		int j, space = 1;
-
-		sol += 2;
-		/* strip [PATCH] or [PATCH blabla] */
-		if (!keep_subject && !prefixcmp(sol, "[PATCH")) {
-			char *eos = strchr(sol + 6, ']');
-			if (eos) {
-				while (isspace(*eos))
-					eos++;
-				sol = eos;
-			}
-		}
+		if (filename.buf[filename.len - 1] != '/')
+			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
+	}
 
-		for (j = 0;
-		     j < FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len - 5 &&
-			     len < sizeof(filename) - suffix_len &&
-			     sol[j] && sol[j] != '\n';
-		     j++) {
-			if (istitlechar(sol[j])) {
-				if (space) {
-					filename[len++] = '-';
-					space = 0;
-				}
-				filename[len++] = sol[j];
-				if (sol[j] == '.')
-					while (sol[j + 1] == '.')
-						j++;
-			} else
-				space = 1;
-		}
-		while (filename[len - 1] == '.' || filename[len - 1] == '-')
-			len--;
-		filename[len] = 0;
-	}
-	if (len + suffix_len >= sizeof(filename))
-		return error("Patch pathname too long");
-	strcpy(filename + len, fmt_patch_suffix);
-	fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename);
-	if (freopen(filename, "w", stdout) == NULL)
-		return error("Cannot open patch file %s",filename);
-	return 0;
+	get_patch_filename(commit, rev->nr, fmt_patch_suffix, &filename);
 
-}
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, QUIET))
+		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
 
-static int get_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
-		unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	if (commit->parents)
-		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->object.sha1,
-		               commit->object.sha1, "", options);
-	else
-		diff_root_tree_sha1(commit->object.sha1, "", options);
-	diffcore_std(options);
-	return diff_flush_patch_id(options, sha1);
+	if (freopen(filename.buf, "w", stdout) == NULL)
+		return error("Cannot open patch file %s", filename.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&filename);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct diff_options *options, const char *prefix)
+static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info check_rev;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct object *o1, *o2;
 	unsigned flags1, flags2;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (rev->pending.nr != 2)
 		die("Need exactly one range.");
@@ -364,10 +565,7 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct diff_options *options, co
 	if ((flags1 & UNINTERESTING) == (flags2 & UNINTERESTING))
 		die("Not a range.");
 
-	diff_setup(options);
-	options->recursive = 1;
-	if (diff_setup_done(options) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	init_patch_ids(ids);
 
 	/* given a range a..b get all patch ids for b..a */
 	init_revisions(&check_rev, prefix);
@@ -375,15 +573,15 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct diff_options *options, co
 	o2->flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o1, "o1");
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o2, "o2");
-	prepare_revision_walk(&check_rev);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&check_rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&check_rev)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
 			continue;
 
-		if (!get_patch_id(commit, options, sha1))
-			created_object(sha1, xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct object)));
+		add_commit_patch_id(commit, ids);
 	}
 
 	/* reset for next revision walk */
@@ -395,16 +593,256 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct diff_options *options, co
 	o2->flags = flags2;
 }
 
-static void gen_message_id(char *dest, unsigned int length, char *base)
+static void gen_message_id(struct rev_info *info, char *base)
 {
-	const char *committer = git_committer_info(-1);
+	const char *committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME);
 	const char *email_start = strrchr(committer, '<');
 	const char *email_end = strrchr(committer, '>');
-	if(!email_start || !email_end || email_start > email_end - 1)
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (!email_start || !email_end || email_start > email_end - 1)
 		die("Could not extract email from committer identity.");
-	snprintf(dest, length, "%s.%lu.git.%.*s", base,
-		 (unsigned long) time(NULL),
-		 (int)(email_end - email_start - 1), email_start + 1);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%.*s", base,
+		    (unsigned long) time(NULL),
+		    (int)(email_end - email_start - 1), email_start + 1);
+	info->message_id = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
+			      int numbered, int numbered_files,
+			      struct commit *origin,
+			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head)
+{
+	const char *committer;
+	const char *subject_start = NULL;
+	const char *body = "*** SUBJECT HERE ***\n\n*** BLURB HERE ***\n";
+	const char *msg;
+	const char *extra_headers = rev->extra_headers;
+	struct shortlog log;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+	const char *encoding = "UTF-8";
+	struct diff_options opts;
+	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+
+	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+		die("Cover letter needs email format");
+
+	committer = git_committer_info(0);
+
+	if (!numbered_files) {
+		/*
+		 * We fake a commit for the cover letter so we get the filename
+		 * desired.
+		 */
+		commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*commit));
+		commit->buffer = xmalloc(400);
+		snprintf(commit->buffer, 400,
+			"tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
+			"parent %s\n"
+			"author %s\n"
+			"committer %s\n\n"
+			"cover letter\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1), committer, committer);
+	}
+
+	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(commit, rev))
+		return;
+
+	if (commit) {
+
+		free(commit->buffer);
+		free(commit);
+	}
+
+	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &subject_start, &extra_headers,
+				&need_8bit_cte);
+
+	msg = body;
+	pp_user_info(NULL, CMIT_FMT_EMAIL, &sb, committer, DATE_RFC2822,
+		     encoding);
+	pp_title_line(CMIT_FMT_EMAIL, &msg, &sb, subject_start, extra_headers,
+		      encoding, need_8bit_cte);
+	pp_remainder(CMIT_FMT_EMAIL, &msg, &sb, 0);
+	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	shortlog_init(&log);
+	log.wrap_lines = 1;
+	log.wrap = 72;
+	log.in1 = 2;
+	log.in2 = 4;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+		shortlog_add_commit(&log, list[i]);
+
+	shortlog_output(&log);
+
+	/*
+	 * We can only do diffstat with a unique reference point
+	 */
+	if (!origin)
+		return;
+
+	memcpy(&opts, &rev->diffopt, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+
+	diff_setup_done(&opts);
+
+	diff_tree_sha1(origin->tree->object.sha1,
+		       head->tree->object.sha1,
+		       "", &opts);
+	diffcore_std(&opts);
+	diff_flush(&opts);
+
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
+static const char *clean_message_id(const char *msg_id)
+{
+	char ch;
+	const char *a, *z, *m;
+
+	m = msg_id;
+	while ((ch = *m) && (isspace(ch) || (ch == '<')))
+		m++;
+	a = m;
+	z = NULL;
+	while ((ch = *m)) {
+		if (!isspace(ch) && (ch != '>'))
+			z = m;
+		m++;
+	}
+	if (!z)
+		die("insane in-reply-to: %s", msg_id);
+	if (++z == m)
+		return a;
+	return xmemdupz(a, z - a);
+}
+
+static const char *set_outdir(const char *prefix, const char *output_directory)
+{
+	if (output_directory && is_absolute_path(output_directory))
+		return output_directory;
+
+	if (!prefix || !*prefix) {
+		if (output_directory)
+			return output_directory;
+		/* The user did not explicitly ask for "./" */
+		outdir_offset = 2;
+		return "./";
+	}
+
+	outdir_offset = strlen(prefix);
+	if (!output_directory)
+		return prefix;
+
+	return xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, outdir_offset,
+				       output_directory));
+}
+
+static const char * const builtin_format_patch_usage[] = {
+	"git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int keep_subject = 0;
+
+static int keep_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	((struct rev_info *)opt->value)->total = -1;
+	keep_subject = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int subject_prefix = 0;
+
+static int subject_prefix_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	subject_prefix = 1;
+	((struct rev_info *)opt->value)->subject_prefix = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int numbered_cmdline_opt = 0;
+
+static int numbered_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			     int unset)
+{
+	*(int *)opt->value = numbered_cmdline_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
+	if (unset)
+		auto_number =  0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int no_numbered_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				int unset)
+{
+	return numbered_callback(opt, arg, 1);
+}
+
+static int output_directory_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			      int unset)
+{
+	const char **dir = (const char **)opt->value;
+	if (*dir)
+		die("Two output directories?");
+	*dir = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int thread_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *thread = (int *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		*thread = 0;
+	else if (!arg || !strcmp(arg, "shallow"))
+		*thread = THREAD_SHALLOW;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "deep"))
+		*thread = THREAD_DEEP;
+	else
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int attach_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct rev_info *rev = (struct rev_info *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		rev->mime_boundary = NULL;
+	else if (arg)
+		rev->mime_boundary = arg;
+	else
+		rev->mime_boundary = git_version_string;
+	rev->no_inline = unset ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int inline_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct rev_info *rev = (struct rev_info *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		rev->mime_boundary = NULL;
+	else if (arg)
+		rev->mime_boundary = arg;
+	else
+		rev->mime_boundary = git_version_string;
+	rev->no_inline = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int header_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_header(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cc_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(extra_cc, extra_cc_nr + 1, extra_cc_alloc);
+	extra_cc[extra_cc_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -412,164 +850,231 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit **list = NULL;
 	struct rev_info rev;
-	int nr = 0, total, i, j;
+	int nr = 0, total, i;
 	int use_stdout = 0;
-	int numbered = 0;
 	int start_number = -1;
-	int keep_subject = 0;
+	int numbered_files = 0;		/* _just_ numbers */
 	int ignore_if_in_upstream = 0;
-	int thread = 0;
+	int cover_letter = 0;
+	int boundary_count = 0;
+	int no_binary_diff = 0;
+	struct commit *origin = NULL, *head = NULL;
 	const char *in_reply_to = NULL;
-	struct diff_options patch_id_opts;
+	struct patch_ids ids;
 	char *add_signoff = NULL;
-	char message_id[1024];
-	char ref_message_id[1024];
-
-	git_config(git_format_config);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
+			    "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, numbered_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'N', "no-numbered", &numbered, NULL,
+			    "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, no_numbered_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdout", &use_stdout,
+			    "print patches to standard out"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cover-letter", &cover_letter,
+			    "generate a cover letter"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numbered-files", &numbered_files,
+			    "use simple number sequence for output file names"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "suffix", &fmt_patch_suffix, "sfx",
+			    "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "start-number", &start_number,
+			    "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, "prefix",
+			    "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, subject_prefix_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'o', "output-directory", &output_directory,
+			    "dir", "store resulting files in <dir>",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, output_directory_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'k', "keep-subject", &rev, NULL,
+			    "don't strip/add [PATCH]",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, keep_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-binary", &no_binary_diff,
+			    "don't output binary diffs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ignore-if-in-upstream", &ignore_if_in_upstream,
+			    "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"),
+		OPT_GROUP("Messaging"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "add-header", NULL, "header",
+			    "add email header", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			    header_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "cc", NULL, "email", "add Cc: header",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, cc_callback },
+		OPT_STRING(0, "in-reply-to", &in_reply_to, "message-id",
+			    "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "attach", &rev, "boundary",
+			    "attach the patch", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
+			    attach_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "inline", &rev, "boundary",
+			    "inline the patch",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			    inline_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "thread", &thread, "style",
+			    "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, thread_callback },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_format_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
 	rev.verbose_header = 1;
 	rev.diff = 1;
 	rev.combine_merges = 0;
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.msg_sep = "";
-	rev.diffopt.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 
-	rev.extra_headers = extra_headers;
+	rev.subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
+
+	if (default_attach) {
+		rev.mime_boundary = default_attach;
+		rev.no_inline = 1;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Parse the arguments before setup_revisions(), or something
-	 * like "git fmt-patch -o a123 HEAD^.." may fail; a123 is
+	 * like "git format-patch -o a123 HEAD^.." may fail; a123 is
 	 * possibly a valid SHA1.
 	 */
-	for (i = 1, j = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--stdout"))
-			use_stdout = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[i], "--numbered"))
-			numbered = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--start-number="))
-			start_number = strtol(argv[i] + 15, NULL, 10);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--start-number")) {
-			i++;
-			if (i == argc)
-				die("Need a number for --start-number");
-			start_number = strtol(argv[i], NULL, 10);
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-k") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[i], "--keep-subject")) {
-			keep_subject = 1;
-			rev.total = -1;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--output-directory") ||
-			 !strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {
-			i++;
-			if (argc <= i)
-				die("Which directory?");
-			if (output_directory)
-				die("Two output directories?");
-			output_directory = argv[i];
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--signoff") ||
-			 !strcmp(argv[i], "-s")) {
-			const char *committer;
-			const char *endpos;
-			committer = git_committer_info(1);
-			endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
-			if (!endpos)
-				die("bogos committer info %s\n", committer);
-			add_signoff = xmalloc(endpos - committer + 2);
-			memcpy(add_signoff, committer, endpos - committer + 1);
-			add_signoff[endpos - committer + 1] = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--attach")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = git_version_string;
-			rev.no_inline = 1;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--attach=")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = argv[i] + 9;
-			rev.no_inline = 1;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--inline")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = git_version_string;
-			rev.no_inline = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--inline=")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = argv[i] + 9;
-			rev.no_inline = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--ignore-if-in-upstream"))
-			ignore_if_in_upstream = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--thread"))
-			thread = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--in-reply-to="))
-			in_reply_to = argv[i] + 14;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--in-reply-to")) {
-			i++;
-			if (i == argc)
-				die("Need a Message-Id for --in-reply-to");
-			in_reply_to = argv[i];
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--suffix="))
-			fmt_patch_suffix = argv[i] + 9;
-		else
-			argv[j++] = argv[i];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_format_patch_options,
+			     builtin_format_patch_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+
+	if (do_signoff) {
+		const char *committer;
+		const char *endpos;
+		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
+		if (!endpos)
+			die("bogus committer info %s", committer);
+		add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < extra_hdr_nr; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, extra_hdr[i]);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	}
+
+	if (extra_to_nr)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "To: ");
+	for (i = 0; i < extra_to_nr; i++) {
+		if (i)
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "    ");
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, extra_to[i]);
+		if (i + 1 < extra_to_nr)
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, ',');
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	}
+
+	if (extra_cc_nr)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Cc: ");
+	for (i = 0; i < extra_cc_nr; i++) {
+		if (i)
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "    ");
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, extra_cc[i]);
+		if (i + 1 < extra_cc_nr)
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, ',');
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	}
-	argc = j;
+
+	rev.extra_headers = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	if (start_number < 0)
 		start_number = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If numbered is set solely due to format.numbered in config,
+	 * and it would conflict with --keep-subject (-k) from the
+	 * command line, reset "numbered".
+	 */
+	if (numbered && keep_subject && !numbered_cmdline_opt)
+		numbered = 0;
+
 	if (numbered && keep_subject)
 		die ("-n and -k are mutually exclusive.");
+	if (keep_subject && subject_prefix)
+		die ("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive.");
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, "HEAD");
 	if (argc > 1)
 		die ("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
 
-	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format)
+	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format
+		|| rev.diffopt.output_format == DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH)
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
-	if (!rev.diffopt.text)
-		rev.diffopt.binary = 1;
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, TEXT) && !no_binary_diff)
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, BINARY);
 
-	if (!output_directory && !use_stdout)
-		output_directory = prefix;
+	if (!use_stdout)
+		output_directory = set_outdir(prefix, output_directory);
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		if (use_stdout)
 			die("standard output, or directory, which one?");
 		if (mkdir(output_directory, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
-			die("Could not create directory %s",
-			    output_directory);
+			die_errno("Could not create directory '%s'",
+				  output_directory);
 	}
 
 	if (rev.pending.nr == 1) {
-		if (rev.max_count < 0) {
+		if (rev.max_count < 0 && !rev.show_root_diff) {
+			/*
+			 * This is traditional behaviour of "git format-patch
+			 * origin" that prepares what the origin side still
+			 * does not have.
+			 */
 			rev.pending.objects[0].item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			add_head(&rev);
+			add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 		}
-		/* Otherwise, it is "format-patch -22 HEAD", and
-		 * get_revision() would return only the specified count.
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, it is "format-patch -22 HEAD", and/or
+		 * "format-patch --root HEAD".  The user wants
+		 * get_revision() to do the usual traversal.
 		 */
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * We cannot move this anywhere earlier because we do want to
+	 * know if --root was given explicitly from the comand line.
+	 */
+	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
+
+	if (cover_letter) {
+		/* remember the range */
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < rev.pending.nr; i++) {
+			struct object *o = rev.pending.objects[i].item;
+			if (!(o->flags & UNINTERESTING))
+				head = (struct commit *)o;
+		}
+		/* We can't generate a cover letter without any patches */
+		if (!head)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (ignore_if_in_upstream)
-		get_patch_ids(&rev, &patch_id_opts, prefix);
+		get_patch_ids(&rev, &ids, prefix);
 
 	if (!use_stdout)
-		realstdout = fdopen(dup(1), "w");
+		realstdout = xfdopen(xdup(1), "w");
 
-	prepare_revision_walk(&rev);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	rev.boundary = 1;
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY) {
+			boundary_count++;
+			origin = (boundary_count == 1) ? commit : NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
 
 		/* ignore merges */
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
 			continue;
 
 		if (ignore_if_in_upstream &&
-				!get_patch_id(commit, &patch_id_opts, sha1) &&
-				lookup_object(sha1))
+				has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
 			continue;
 
 		nr++;
@@ -577,29 +1082,70 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		list[nr - 1] = commit;
 	}
 	total = nr;
+	if (!keep_subject && auto_number && total > 1)
+		numbered = 1;
 	if (numbered)
 		rev.total = total + start_number - 1;
+	if (in_reply_to || thread || cover_letter)
+		rev.ref_message_ids = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+	if (in_reply_to) {
+		const char *msgid = clean_message_id(in_reply_to);
+		string_list_append(msgid, rev.ref_message_ids);
+	}
+	rev.numbered_files = numbered_files;
+	rev.patch_suffix = fmt_patch_suffix;
+	if (cover_letter) {
+		if (thread)
+			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
+		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout, numbered, numbered_files,
+				  origin, nr, list, head);
+		total++;
+		start_number--;
+	}
 	rev.add_signoff = add_signoff;
-	rev.ref_message_id = in_reply_to;
 	while (0 <= --nr) {
 		int shown;
 		commit = list[nr];
 		rev.nr = total - nr + (start_number - 1);
 		/* Make the second and subsequent mails replies to the first */
 		if (thread) {
-			if (nr == (total - 2)) {
-				strncpy(ref_message_id, message_id,
-					sizeof(ref_message_id));
-				ref_message_id[sizeof(ref_message_id)-1]='\0';
-				rev.ref_message_id = ref_message_id;
+			/* Have we already had a message ID? */
+			if (rev.message_id) {
+				/*
+				 * For deep threading: make every mail
+				 * a reply to the previous one, no
+				 * matter what other options are set.
+				 *
+				 * For shallow threading:
+				 *
+				 * Without --cover-letter and
+				 * --in-reply-to, make every mail a
+				 * reply to the one before.
+				 *
+				 * With --in-reply-to but no
+				 * --cover-letter, make every mail a
+				 * reply to the <reply-to>.
+				 *
+				 * With --cover-letter, make every
+				 * mail but the cover letter a reply
+				 * to the cover letter.  The cover
+				 * letter is a reply to the
+				 * --in-reply-to, if specified.
+				 */
+				if (thread == THREAD_SHALLOW
+				    && rev.ref_message_ids->nr > 0
+				    && (!cover_letter || rev.nr > 1))
+					free(rev.message_id);
+				else
+					string_list_append(rev.message_id,
+							   rev.ref_message_ids);
 			}
-			gen_message_id(message_id, sizeof(message_id),
-				       sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-			rev.message_id = message_id;
+			gen_message_id(&rev, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		}
-		if (!use_stdout)
-			if (reopen_stdout(commit, rev.nr, keep_subject))
-				die("Failed to create output files");
+
+		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit,
+						 &rev))
+			die("Failed to create output files");
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
 		commit->buffer = NULL;
@@ -624,6 +1170,8 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			fclose(stdout);
 	}
 	free(list);
+	if (ignore_if_in_upstream)
+		free_patch_ids(&ids);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -642,13 +1190,14 @@ static int add_pending_commit(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs, int flags)
 }
 
 static const char cherry_usage[] =
-"git-cherry [-v] <upstream> [<head>] [<limit>]";
+"git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]";
 int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct diff_options patch_id_opts;
+	struct patch_ids ids;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+	struct branch *current_branch;
 	const char *upstream;
 	const char *head = "HEAD";
 	const char *limit = NULL;
@@ -671,14 +1220,24 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		upstream = argv[1];
 		break;
 	default:
-		usage(cherry_usage);
+		current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
+		if (!current_branch || !current_branch->merge
+					|| !current_branch->merge[0]
+					|| !current_branch->merge[0]->dst) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Could not find a tracked"
+					" remote branch, please"
+					" specify <upstream> manually.\n");
+			usage(cherry_usage);
+		}
+
+		upstream = current_branch->merge[0]->dst;
 	}
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
 	revs.diff = 1;
 	revs.combine_merges = 0;
 	revs.ignore_merges = 1;
-	revs.diffopt.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 
 	if (add_pending_commit(head, &revs, 0))
 		die("Unknown commit %s", head);
@@ -692,13 +1251,14 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			return 0;
 	}
 
-	get_patch_ids(&revs, &patch_id_opts, prefix);
+	get_patch_ids(&revs, &ids, prefix);
 
 	if (limit && add_pending_commit(limit, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
 		die("Unknown commit %s", limit);
 
 	/* reverse the list of commits */
-	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
@@ -708,20 +1268,19 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	while (list) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		char sign = '+';
 
 		commit = list->item;
-		if (!get_patch_id(commit, &patch_id_opts, sha1) &&
-		    lookup_object(sha1))
+		if (has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
 			sign = '-';
 
 		if (verbose) {
-			static char buf[16384];
-			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, ~0,
-			                    buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
+			                    &buf, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
 			printf("%c %s %s\n", sign,
-			       sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), buf);
+			       sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), buf.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
 		}
 		else {
 			printf("%c %s\n", sign,
@@ -731,5 +1290,6 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		list = list->next;
 	}
 
+	free_patch_ids(&ids);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-ls-files.c b/builtin-ls-files.c
index 74a6acacc1..f473220502 100644
--- a/builtin-ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin-ls-files.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 static int abbrev;
 static int show_deleted;
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ static int prefix_offset;
 static const char **pathspec;
 static int error_unmatch;
 static char *ps_matched;
+static const char *with_tree;
+static int exc_given;
 
 static const char *tag_cached = "";
 static const char *tag_unmerged = "";
@@ -34,77 +38,29 @@ static const char *tag_other = "";
 static const char *tag_killed = "";
 static const char *tag_modified = "";
 
-
-/*
- * Match a pathspec against a filename. The first "len" characters
- * are the common prefix
- */
-static int match(const char **spec, char *ps_matched,
-		 const char *filename, int len)
-{
-	const char *m;
-
-	while ((m = *spec++) != NULL) {
-		int matchlen = strlen(m + len);
-
-		if (!matchlen)
-			goto matched;
-		if (!strncmp(m + len, filename + len, matchlen)) {
-			if (m[len + matchlen - 1] == '/')
-				goto matched;
-			switch (filename[len + matchlen]) {
-			case '/': case '\0':
-				goto matched;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!fnmatch(m + len, filename + len, 0))
-			goto matched;
-		if (ps_matched)
-			ps_matched++;
-		continue;
-	matched:
-		if (ps_matched)
-			*ps_matched = 1;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void show_dir_entry(const char *tag, struct dir_entry *ent)
 {
 	int len = prefix_len;
 	int offset = prefix_offset;
 
 	if (len >= ent->len)
-		die("git-ls-files: internal error - directory entry not superset of prefix");
+		die("git ls-files: internal error - directory entry not superset of prefix");
 
-	if (pathspec && !match(pathspec, ps_matched, ent->name, len))
+	if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ent->name, ent->len, len, ps_matched))
 		return;
 
 	fputs(tag, stdout);
-	write_name_quoted("", 0, ent->name + offset, line_terminator, stdout);
-	putchar(line_terminator);
+	write_name_quoted(ent->name + offset, stdout, line_terminator);
 }
 
 static void show_other_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
-		/* We should not have a matching entry, but we
-		 * may have an unmerged entry for this path.
-		 */
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir->entries[i];
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(ent->name, ent->len);
-		struct cache_entry *ce;
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			die("bug in show-other-files");
-		pos = -pos - 1;
-		if (pos < active_nr) { 
-			ce = active_cache[pos];
-			if (ce_namelen(ce) == ent->len &&
-			    !memcmp(ce->name, ent->name, ent->len))
-				continue; /* Yup, this one exists unmerged */
-		}
+		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
+			continue;
 		show_dir_entry(tag_other, ent);
 	}
 }
@@ -164,13 +120,13 @@ static void show_ce_entry(const char *tag, struct cache_entry *ce)
 	int offset = prefix_offset;
 
 	if (len >= ce_namelen(ce))
-		die("git-ls-files: internal error - cache entry not superset of prefix");
+		die("git ls-files: internal error - cache entry not superset of prefix");
 
-	if (pathspec && !match(pathspec, ps_matched, ce->name, len))
+	if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), len, ps_matched))
 		return;
 
 	if (tag && *tag && show_valid_bit &&
-	    (ce->ce_flags & htons(CE_VALID))) {
+	    (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
 		static char alttag[4];
 		memcpy(alttag, tag, 3);
 		if (isalpha(tag[0]))
@@ -188,21 +144,15 @@ static void show_ce_entry(const char *tag, struct cache_entry *ce)
 
 	if (!show_stage) {
 		fputs(tag, stdout);
-		write_name_quoted("", 0, ce->name + offset,
-				  line_terminator, stdout);
-		putchar(line_terminator);
-	}
-	else {
+	} else {
 		printf("%s%06o %s %d\t",
 		       tag,
-		       ntohl(ce->ce_mode),
+		       ce->ce_mode,
 		       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(ce->sha1,abbrev)
 				: sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1),
 		       ce_stage(ce));
-		write_name_quoted("", 0, ce->name + offset,
-				  line_terminator, stdout);
-		putchar(line_terminator);
 	}
+	write_name_quoted(ce->name + offset, stdout, line_terminator);
 }
 
 static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
@@ -211,12 +161,7 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 
 	/* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
 	if (show_others || show_killed) {
-		const char *path = ".", *base = "";
-		int baselen = prefix_len;
-
-		if (baselen)
-			path = base = prefix;
-		read_directory(dir, path, base, baselen, pathspec);
+		fill_directory(dir, pathspec);
 		if (show_others)
 			show_other_files(dir);
 		if (show_killed)
@@ -225,10 +170,14 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 	if (show_cached | show_stage) {
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-			if (excluded(dir, ce->name) != dir->show_ignored)
+			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
+			if (excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype) !=
+					!!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
 				continue;
 			if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
+			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
+				continue;
 			show_ce_entry(ce_stage(ce) ? tag_unmerged : tag_cached, ce);
 		}
 	}
@@ -237,7 +186,11 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			struct stat st;
 			int err;
-			if (excluded(dir, ce->name) != dir->show_ignored)
+			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
+			if (excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype) !=
+					!!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
+				continue;
+			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
 			err = lstat(ce->name, &st);
 			if (show_deleted && err)
@@ -258,7 +211,8 @@ static void prune_cache(const char *prefix)
 
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
-	active_cache += pos;
+	memmove(active_cache, active_cache + pos,
+		(active_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
 	active_nr -= pos;
 	first = 0;
 	last = active_nr;
@@ -277,7 +231,6 @@ static void prune_cache(const char *prefix)
 static const char *verify_pathspec(const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char **p, *n, *prev;
-	char *real_prefix;
 	unsigned long max;
 
 	prev = NULL;
@@ -302,160 +255,262 @@ static const char *verify_pathspec(const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (prefix_offset > max || memcmp(prev, prefix, prefix_offset))
-		die("git-ls-files: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'");
+		die("git ls-files: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'");
 
-	real_prefix = NULL;
 	prefix_len = max;
-	if (max) {
-		real_prefix = xmalloc(max + 1);
-		memcpy(real_prefix, prev, max);
-		real_prefix[max] = 0;
-	}
-	return real_prefix;
+	return max ? xmemdupz(prev, max) : NULL;
 }
 
-static const char ls_files_usage[] =
-	"git-ls-files [-z] [-t] [-v] (--[cached|deleted|others|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])* "
-	"[ --ignored ] [--exclude=<pattern>] [--exclude-from=<file>] "
-	"[ --exclude-per-directory=<filename> ] [--full-name] [--abbrev] "
-	"[--] [<file>]*";
+static void strip_trailing_slash_from_submodules(void)
+{
+	const char **p;
+
+	for (p = pathspec; *p != NULL; p++) {
+		int len = strlen(*p), pos;
 
-int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+		if (len < 1 || (*p)[len - 1] != '/')
+			continue;
+		pos = cache_name_pos(*p, len - 1);
+		if (pos >= 0 && S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode))
+			*p = xstrndup(*p, len - 1);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the tree specified with --with-tree option
+ * (typically, HEAD) into stage #1 and then
+ * squash them down to stage #0.  This is used for
+ * --error-unmatch to list and check the path patterns
+ * that were given from the command line.  We are not
+ * going to write this index out.
+ */
+void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
 {
+	struct tree *tree;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char **match;
+	struct cache_entry *last_stage0 = NULL;
 	int i;
-	int exc_given = 0, require_work_tree = 0;
-	struct dir_struct dir;
 
-	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
-	if (prefix)
-		prefix_offset = strlen(prefix);
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	if (get_sha1(tree_name, sha1))
+		die("tree-ish %s not found.", tree_name);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	if (!tree)
+		die("bad tree-ish %s", tree_name);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-z")) {
-			line_terminator = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-t") || !strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			tag_cached = "H ";
-			tag_unmerged = "M ";
-			tag_removed = "R ";
-			tag_modified = "C ";
-			tag_other = "? ";
-			tag_killed = "K ";
-			if (arg[1] == 'v')
-				show_valid_bit = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-c") || !strcmp(arg, "--cached")) {
-			show_cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-d") || !strcmp(arg, "--deleted")) {
-			show_deleted = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-m") || !strcmp(arg, "--modified")) {
-			show_modified = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-o") || !strcmp(arg, "--others")) {
-			show_others = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-i") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignored")) {
-			dir.show_ignored = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-s") || !strcmp(arg, "--stage")) {
-			show_stage = 1;
+	/* Hoist the unmerged entries up to stage #3 to make room */
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-k") || !strcmp(arg, "--killed")) {
-			show_killed = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--directory")) {
-			dir.show_other_directories = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-empty-directory")) {
-			dir.hide_empty_directories = 1;
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_STAGEMASK;
+	}
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		static const char *(matchbuf[2]);
+		matchbuf[0] = prefix;
+		matchbuf[1] = NULL;
+		match = matchbuf;
+	} else
+		match = NULL;
+	if (read_tree(tree, 1, match))
+		die("unable to read tree entries %s", tree_name);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		switch (ce_stage(ce)) {
+		case 0:
+			last_stage0 = ce;
+			/* fallthru */
+		default:
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-u") || !strcmp(arg, "--unmerged")) {
-			/* There's no point in showing unmerged unless
-			 * you also show the stage information.
+		case 1:
+			/*
+			 * If there is stage #0 entry for this, we do not
+			 * need to show it.  We use CE_UPDATE bit to mark
+			 * such an entry.
 			 */
-			show_stage = 1;
-			show_unmerged = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-x") && i+1 < argc) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_exclude(argv[++i], "", 0, &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_exclude(arg+10, "", 0, &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-X") && i+1 < argc) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_excludes_from_file(&dir, argv[++i]);
-			continue;
+			if (last_stage0 &&
+			    !strcmp(last_stage0->name, ce->name))
+				ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE;
 		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-from=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_excludes_from_file(&dir, arg+15);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-per-directory=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			dir.exclude_per_dir = arg + 24;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-name")) {
-			prefix_offset = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--error-unmatch")) {
-			error_unmatch = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-			abbrev = strtoul(arg+9, NULL, 10);
-			if (abbrev && abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-				abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-			else if (abbrev > 40)
-				abbrev = 40;
+	}
+}
+
+int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const char **pathspec, int prefix_offset)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all pathspec matched; otherwise it is an error.
+	 */
+	int num, errors = 0;
+	for (num = 0; pathspec[num]; num++) {
+		int other, found_dup;
+
+		if (ps_matched[num])
 			continue;
+		/*
+		 * The caller might have fed identical pathspec
+		 * twice.  Do not barf on such a mistake.
+		 */
+		for (found_dup = other = 0;
+		     !found_dup && pathspec[other];
+		     other++) {
+			if (other == num || !ps_matched[other])
+				continue;
+			if (!strcmp(pathspec[other], pathspec[num]))
+				/*
+				 * Ok, we have a match already.
+				 */
+				found_dup = 1;
 		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev")) {
-			abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+		if (found_dup)
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			usage(ls_files_usage);
-		break;
+
+		error("pathspec '%s' did not match any file(s) known to git.",
+		      pathspec[num] + prefix_offset);
+		errors++;
+	}
+	return errors;
+}
+
+static const char * const ls_files_usage[] = {
+	"git ls-files [options] [<file>]*",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	line_terminator = unset ? '\n' : '\0';
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct exclude_list *list = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	add_exclude(arg, "", 0, list);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude_from(const struct option *opt,
+				     const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct dir_struct *dir = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	add_excludes_from_file(dir, arg);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude_standard(const struct option *opt,
+					 const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct dir_struct *dir = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	setup_standard_excludes(dir);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0;
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct option builtin_ls_files_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('t', NULL, &show_tag,
+			"identify the file status with tags"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &show_valid_bit,
+			"use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "cached", &show_cached,
+			"show cached files in the output (default)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "deleted", &show_deleted,
+			"show deleted files in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "modified", &show_modified,
+			"show modified files in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "others", &show_others,
+			"show other files in the output"),
+		OPT_BIT('i', "ignored", &dir.flags,
+			"show ignored files in the output",
+			DIR_SHOW_IGNORED),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "stage", &show_stage,
+			"show staged contents' object name in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "killed", &show_killed,
+			"show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "directory", &dir.flags,
+			"show 'other' directories' name only",
+			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "empty-directory", &dir.flags,
+			"don't show empty directories",
+			DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "unmerged", &show_unmerged,
+			"show unmerged files in the output"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL], "pattern",
+			"skip files matching pattern",
+			0, option_parse_exclude },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'X', "exclude-from", &dir, "file",
+			"exclude patterns are read from <file>",
+			0, option_parse_exclude_from },
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exclude-per-directory", &dir.exclude_per_dir, "file",
+			"read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-standard", &dir, NULL,
+			"add the standard git exclusions",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_exclude_standard },
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "full-name", &prefix_offset, NULL,
+			"make the output relative to the project top directory",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "error-unmatch", &error_unmatch,
+			"if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "with-tree", &with_tree, "tree-ish",
+			"pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	if (prefix)
+		prefix_offset = strlen(prefix);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_ls_files_options,
+			ls_files_usage, 0);
+	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit) {
+		tag_cached = "H ";
+		tag_unmerged = "M ";
+		tag_removed = "R ";
+		tag_modified = "C ";
+		tag_other = "? ";
+		tag_killed = "K ";
 	}
+	if (show_modified || show_others || show_deleted || (dir.flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) || show_killed)
+		require_work_tree = 1;
+	if (show_unmerged)
+		/*
+		 * There's no point in showing unmerged unless
+		 * you also show the stage information.
+		 */
+		show_stage = 1;
+	if (dir.exclude_per_dir)
+		exc_given = 1;
+
+	if (require_work_tree && !is_inside_work_tree())
+		setup_work_tree();
 
-	if (require_work_tree &&
-			(is_bare_repository() || is_inside_git_dir()))
-		die("This operation must be run in a work tree");
+	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
-	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
+	/* be nice with submodule paths ending in a slash */
+	read_cache();
+	if (pathspec)
+		strip_trailing_slash_from_submodules();
 
 	/* Verify that the pathspec matches the prefix */
 	if (pathspec)
@@ -469,7 +524,7 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		ps_matched = xcalloc(1, num);
 	}
 
-	if (dir.show_ignored && !exc_given) {
+	if ((dir.flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) && !exc_given) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: --ignored needs some exclude pattern\n",
 			argv[0]);
 		exit(1);
@@ -480,28 +535,26 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	      show_killed | show_modified))
 		show_cached = 1;
 
-	read_cache();
 	if (prefix)
 		prune_cache(prefix);
+	if (with_tree) {
+		/*
+		 * Basic sanity check; show-stages and show-unmerged
+		 * would not make any sense with this option.
+		 */
+		if (show_stage || show_unmerged)
+			die("ls-files --with-tree is incompatible with -s or -u");
+		overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, prefix);
+	}
 	show_files(&dir, prefix);
 
 	if (ps_matched) {
-		/* We need to make sure all pathspec matched otherwise
-		 * it is an error.
-		 */
-		int num, errors = 0;
-		for (num = 0; pathspec[num]; num++) {
-			if (ps_matched[num])
-				continue;
-			error("pathspec '%s' did not match any file(s) known to git.",
-			      pathspec[num] + prefix_offset);
-			errors++;
-		}
-
-		if (errors)
+		int bad;
+		bad = report_path_error(ps_matched, pathspec, prefix_offset);
+		if (bad)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Did you forget to 'git add'?\n");
 
-		return errors ? 1 : 0;
+		return bad ? 1 : 0;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin-ls-remote.c b/builtin-ls-remote.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78a88f7476
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-ls-remote.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+
+static const char ls_remote_usage[] =
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>] <repository> <refs>...";
+
+/*
+ * Is there one among the list of patterns that match the tail part
+ * of the path?
+ */
+static int tail_match(const char **pattern, const char *path)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
+
+	if (!pattern)
+		return 1; /* no restriction */
+
+	if (snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "/%s", path) > sizeof(pathbuf))
+		return error("insanely long ref %.*s...", 20, path);
+	while ((p = *(pattern++)) != NULL) {
+		if (!fnmatch(p, pathbuf, 0))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *dest = NULL;
+	int nongit;
+	unsigned flags = 0;
+	const char *uploadpack = NULL;
+	const char **pattern = NULL;
+
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+	const struct ref *ref;
+
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+
+		if (*arg == '-') {
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
+				uploadpack = arg + 14;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
+				uploadpack = arg + 7;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp("--tags", arg) || !strcmp("-t", arg)) {
+				flags |= REF_TAGS;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp("--heads", arg) || !strcmp("-h", arg)) {
+				flags |= REF_HEADS;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp("--refs", arg)) {
+				flags |= REF_NORMAL;
+				continue;
+			}
+			usage(ls_remote_usage);
+		}
+		dest = arg;
+		i++;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (!dest)
+		usage(ls_remote_usage);
+
+	if (argv[i]) {
+		int j;
+		pattern = xcalloc(sizeof(const char *), argc - i + 1);
+		for (j = i; j < argc; j++) {
+			int len = strlen(argv[j]);
+			char *p = xmalloc(len + 3);
+			sprintf(p, "*/%s", argv[j]);
+			pattern[j - i] = p;
+		}
+	}
+	remote = nongit ? NULL : remote_get(dest);
+	if (remote && !remote->url_nr)
+		die("remote %s has no configured URL", dest);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, remote ? remote->url[0] : dest);
+	if (uploadpack != NULL)
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, uploadpack);
+
+	ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+	if (transport_disconnect(transport))
+		return 1;
+	for ( ; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (!check_ref_type(ref, flags))
+			continue;
+		if (!tail_match(pattern, ref->name))
+			continue;
+		printf("%s	%s\n", sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-ls-tree.c b/builtin-ls-tree.c
index 6472610ac2..22008dfa8f 100644
--- a/builtin-ls-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-ls-tree.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "commit.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ static int line_termination = '\n';
 #define LS_TREE_ONLY 2
 #define LS_SHOW_TREES 4
 #define LS_NAME_ONLY 8
+#define LS_SHOW_SIZE 16
 static int abbrev;
 static int ls_options;
 static const char **pathspec;
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ static int chomp_prefix;
 static const char *ls_tree_prefix;
 
 static const char ls_tree_usage[] =
-	"git-ls-tree [-d] [-r] [-t] [-z] [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--abbrev[=<n>]] <tree-ish> [path...]";
+	"git ls-tree [-d] [-r] [-t] [-l] [-z] [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--full-tree] [--abbrev[=<n>]] <tree-ish> [path...]";
 
 static int show_recursive(const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname)
 {
@@ -54,12 +56,23 @@ static int show_recursive(const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname)
 }
 
 static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
-		     const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage)
+		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
 	int retval = 0;
 	const char *type = blob_type;
 
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		/*
+		 * Maybe we want to have some recursive version here?
+		 *
+		 * Something similar to this incomplete example:
+		 *
+		if (show_subprojects(base, baselen, pathname))
+			retval = READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+		 *
+		 */
+		type = commit_type;
+	} else if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		if (show_recursive(base, baselen, pathname)) {
 			retval = READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 			if (!(ls_options & LS_SHOW_TREES))
@@ -74,14 +87,29 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
 	    (baselen < chomp_prefix || memcmp(ls_tree_prefix, base, chomp_prefix)))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!(ls_options & LS_NAME_ONLY))
-		printf("%06o %s %s\t", mode, type,
-				abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1,abbrev)
-					: sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	write_name_quoted(base + chomp_prefix, baselen - chomp_prefix,
-			  pathname,
-			  line_termination, stdout);
-	putchar(line_termination);
+	if (!(ls_options & LS_NAME_ONLY)) {
+		if (ls_options & LS_SHOW_SIZE) {
+			char size_text[24];
+			if (!strcmp(type, blob_type)) {
+				unsigned long size;
+				if (sha1_object_info(sha1, &size) == OBJ_BAD)
+					strcpy(size_text, "BAD");
+				else
+					snprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text),
+						 "%lu", size);
+			} else
+				strcpy(size_text, "-");
+			printf("%06o %s %s %7s\t", mode, type,
+			       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
+				      : sha1_to_hex(sha1),
+			       size_text);
+		} else
+			printf("%06o %s %s\t", mode, type,
+			       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
+			              : sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	write_name_quotedpfx(base + chomp_prefix, baselen - chomp_prefix,
+			  pathname, stdout, line_termination);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -90,7 +118,7 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct tree *tree;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	ls_tree_prefix = prefix;
 	if (prefix && *prefix)
 		chomp_prefix = strlen(prefix);
@@ -108,16 +136,28 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		case 't':
 			ls_options |= LS_SHOW_TREES;
 			break;
+		case 'l':
+			ls_options |= LS_SHOW_SIZE;
+			break;
 		case '-':
 			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "name-only") ||
 			    !strcmp(argv[1]+2, "name-status")) {
 				ls_options |= LS_NAME_ONLY;
 				break;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "long")) {
+				ls_options |= LS_SHOW_SIZE;
+				break;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "full-name")) {
 				chomp_prefix = 0;
 				break;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "full-tree")) {
+				ls_tree_prefix = prefix = NULL;
+				chomp_prefix = 0;
+				break;
+			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(argv[1]+2, "abbrev=")) {
 				abbrev = strtoul(argv[1]+9, NULL, 10);
 				if (abbrev && abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
@@ -150,7 +190,7 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("not a tree object");
-	read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, pathspec, show_tree);
+	read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, pathspec, show_tree, NULL);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
index c95e477e83..92637ac0ba 100644
--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static FILE *cmitmsg, *patchfile, *fin, *fout;
 
 static int keep_subject;
 static const char *metainfo_charset;
-static char line[1000];
-static char name[1000];
-static char email[1000];
+static struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+static struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+static struct strbuf email = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 static enum  {
 	TE_DONTCARE, TE_QP, TE_BASE64,
@@ -21,74 +22,82 @@ static enum  {
 	TYPE_TEXT, TYPE_OTHER,
 } message_type;
 
-static char charset[256];
+static struct strbuf charset = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int patch_lines;
-static char **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;
+static struct strbuf **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;
 
 #define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
 #define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5
 
-static char *sanity_check(char *name, char *email)
+static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb);
+
+
+static void get_sane_name(struct strbuf *out, struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *email)
 {
-	int len = strlen(name);
-	if (len < 3 || len > 60)
-		return email;
-	if (strchr(name, '@') || strchr(name, '<') || strchr(name, '>'))
-		return email;
-	return name;
+	struct strbuf *src = name;
+	if (name->len < 3 || 60 < name->len || strchr(name->buf, '@') ||
+		strchr(name->buf, '<') || strchr(name->buf, '>'))
+		src = email;
+	else if (name == out)
+		return;
+	strbuf_reset(out);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, src);
 }
 
-static int bogus_from(char *line)
+static void parse_bogus_from(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	/* John Doe <johndoe> */
-	char *bra, *ket, *dst, *cp;
 
+	char *bra, *ket;
 	/* This is fallback, so do not bother if we already have an
 	 * e-mail address.
 	 */
-	if (*email)
-		return 0;
+	if (email.len)
+		return;
 
-	bra = strchr(line, '<');
+	bra = strchr(line->buf, '<');
 	if (!bra)
-		return 0;
+		return;
 	ket = strchr(bra, '>');
 	if (!ket)
-		return 0;
+		return;
 
-	for (dst = email, cp = bra+1; cp < ket; )
-		*dst++ = *cp++;
-	*dst = 0;
-	for (cp = line; isspace(*cp); cp++)
-		;
-	for (bra--; isspace(*bra); bra--)
-		*bra = 0;
-	cp = sanity_check(cp, email);
-	strcpy(name, cp);
-	return 1;
+	strbuf_reset(&email);
+	strbuf_add(&email, bra + 1, ket - bra - 1);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&name);
+	strbuf_add(&name, line->buf, bra - line->buf);
+	strbuf_trim(&name);
+	get_sane_name(&name, &name, &email);
 }
 
-static int handle_from(char *in_line)
+static void handle_from(const struct strbuf *from)
 {
-	char line[1000];
 	char *at;
-	char *dst;
+	size_t el;
+	struct strbuf f;
+
+	strbuf_init(&f, from->len);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&f, from);
 
-	strcpy(line, in_line);
-	at = strchr(line, '@');
-	if (!at)
-		return bogus_from(line);
+	at = strchr(f.buf, '@');
+	if (!at) {
+		parse_bogus_from(from);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * If we already have one email, don't take any confusing lines
 	 */
-	if (*email && strchr(at+1, '@'))
-		return 0;
+	if (email.len && strchr(at + 1, '@')) {
+		strbuf_release(&f);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	/* Pick up the string around '@', possibly delimited with <>
-	 * pair; that is the email part.  White them out while copying.
+	 * pair; that is the email part.
 	 */
-	while (at > line) {
+	while (at > f.buf) {
 		char c = at[-1];
 		if (isspace(c))
 			break;
@@ -98,56 +107,43 @@ static int handle_from(char *in_line)
 		}
 		at--;
 	}
-	dst = email;
-	for (;;) {
-		unsigned char c = *at;
-		if (!c || c == '>' || isspace(c)) {
-			if (c == '>')
-				*at = ' ';
-			break;
-		}
-		*at++ = ' ';
-		*dst++ = c;
-	}
-	*dst++ = 0;
+	el = strcspn(at, " \n\t\r\v\f>");
+	strbuf_reset(&email);
+	strbuf_add(&email, at, el);
+	strbuf_remove(&f, at - f.buf, el + (at[el] ? 1 : 0));
 
-	/* The remainder is name.  It could be "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"
-	 * or "john.doe@xz (John Doe)", but we have whited out the
-	 * email part, so trim from both ends, possibly removing
-	 * the () pair at the end.
+	/* The remainder is name.  It could be
+	 *
+	 * - "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"			(a), or
+	 * - "john.doe@xz (John Doe)"			(b), or
+	 * - "John (zzz) Doe <john.doe@xz> (Comment)"	(c)
+	 *
+	 * but we have removed the email part, so
+	 *
+	 * - remove extra spaces which could stay after email (case 'c'), and
+	 * - trim from both ends, possibly removing the () pair at the end
+	 *   (cases 'a' and 'b').
 	 */
-	at = line + strlen(line);
-	while (at > line) {
-		unsigned char c = *--at;
-		if (!isspace(c)) {
-			at[(c == ')') ? 0 : 1] = 0;
-			break;
-		}
+	cleanup_space(&f);
+	strbuf_trim(&f);
+	if (f.buf[0] == '(' && f.len && f.buf[f.len - 1] == ')') {
+		strbuf_remove(&f, 0, 1);
+		strbuf_setlen(&f, f.len - 1);
 	}
 
-	at = line;
-	for (;;) {
-		unsigned char c = *at;
-		if (!c || !isspace(c)) {
-			if (c == '(')
-				at++;
-			break;
-		}
-		at++;
-	}
-	at = sanity_check(at, email);
-	strcpy(name, at);
-	return 1;
+	get_sane_name(&name, &f, &email);
+	strbuf_release(&f);
 }
 
-static int handle_header(char *line, char *data, int ofs)
+static void handle_header(struct strbuf **out, const struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	if (!line || !data)
-		return 1;
+	if (!*out) {
+		*out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+		strbuf_init(*out, line->len);
+	} else
+		strbuf_reset(*out);
 
-	strcpy(data, line+ofs);
-
-	return 0;
+	strbuf_addbuf(*out, line);
 }
 
 /* NOTE NOTE NOTE.  We do not claim we do full MIME.  We just attempt
@@ -156,13 +152,13 @@ static int handle_header(char *line, char *data, int ofs)
  * case insensitively.
  */
 
-static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, char *attr)
+static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, struct strbuf *attr)
 {
 	const char *ends, *ap = strcasestr(line, name);
 	size_t sz;
 
 	if (!ap) {
-		*attr = 0;
+		strbuf_setlen(attr, 0);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	ap += strlen(name);
@@ -173,182 +169,171 @@ static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, char *attr)
 	else
 		ends = "; \t";
 	sz = strcspn(ap, ends);
-	memcpy(attr, ap, sz);
-	attr[sz] = 0;
+	strbuf_add(attr, ap, sz);
 	return 1;
 }
 
-struct content_type {
-	char *boundary;
-	int boundary_len;
-};
-
-static struct content_type content[MAX_BOUNDARIES];
+static struct strbuf *content[MAX_BOUNDARIES];
 
-static struct content_type *content_top = content;
+static struct strbuf **content_top = content;
 
-static int handle_content_type(char *line)
+static void handle_content_type(struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	char boundary[256];
+	struct strbuf *boundary = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(boundary, line->len);
 
-	if (strcasestr(line, "text/") == NULL)
+	if (!strcasestr(line->buf, "text/"))
 		 message_type = TYPE_OTHER;
-	if (slurp_attr(line, "boundary=", boundary + 2)) {
-		memcpy(boundary, "--", 2);
-		if (content_top++ >= &content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
+	if (slurp_attr(line->buf, "boundary=", boundary)) {
+		strbuf_insert(boundary, 0, "--", 2);
+		if (++content_top > &content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Too many boundaries to handle\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
-		content_top->boundary_len = strlen(boundary);
-		content_top->boundary = xmalloc(content_top->boundary_len+1);
-		strcpy(content_top->boundary, boundary);
+		*content_top = boundary;
+		boundary = NULL;
 	}
-	if (slurp_attr(line, "charset=", charset)) {
-		int i, c;
-		for (i = 0; (c = charset[i]) != 0; i++)
-			charset[i] = tolower(c);
+	slurp_attr(line->buf, "charset=", &charset);
+
+	if (boundary) {
+		strbuf_release(boundary);
+		free(boundary);
 	}
-	return 0;
 }
 
-static int handle_content_transfer_encoding(char *line)
+static void handle_content_transfer_encoding(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	if (strcasestr(line, "base64"))
+	if (strcasestr(line->buf, "base64"))
 		transfer_encoding = TE_BASE64;
-	else if (strcasestr(line, "quoted-printable"))
+	else if (strcasestr(line->buf, "quoted-printable"))
 		transfer_encoding = TE_QP;
 	else
 		transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
-	return 0;
 }
 
-static int is_multipart_boundary(const char *line)
+static int is_multipart_boundary(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	return (!memcmp(line, content_top->boundary, content_top->boundary_len));
+	return (((*content_top)->len <= line->len) &&
+		!memcmp(line->buf, (*content_top)->buf, (*content_top)->len));
 }
 
-static int eatspace(char *line)
+static void cleanup_subject(struct strbuf *subject)
 {
-	int len = strlen(line);
-	while (len > 0 && isspace(line[len-1]))
-		line[--len] = 0;
-	return len;
-}
-
-static char *cleanup_subject(char *subject)
-{
-	if (keep_subject)
-		return subject;
-	for (;;) {
-		char *p;
-		int len, remove;
-		switch (*subject) {
+	char *pos;
+	size_t remove;
+	while (subject->len) {
+		switch (*subject->buf) {
 		case 'r': case 'R':
-			if (!memcmp("e:", subject+1, 2)) {
-				subject += 3;
+			if (subject->len <= 3)
+				break;
+			if (!memcmp(subject->buf + 1, "e:", 2)) {
+				strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 3);
 				continue;
 			}
 			break;
 		case ' ': case '\t': case ':':
-			subject++;
+			strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 1);
 			continue;
-
 		case '[':
-			p = strchr(subject, ']');
-			if (!p) {
-				subject++;
-				continue;
-			}
-			len = strlen(p);
-			remove = p - subject;
-			if (remove <= len *2) {
-				subject = p+1;
-				continue;
-			}
+			if ((pos = strchr(subject->buf, ']'))) {
+				remove = pos - subject->buf;
+				if (remove <= (subject->len - remove) * 2) {
+					strbuf_remove(subject, 0, remove + 1);
+					continue;
+				}
+			} else
+				strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 1);
 			break;
 		}
-		eatspace(subject);
-		return subject;
+		strbuf_trim(subject);
+		return;
 	}
 }
 
-static void cleanup_space(char *buf)
+static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
-	unsigned char c;
-	while ((c = *buf) != 0) {
-		buf++;
-		if (isspace(c)) {
-			buf[-1] = ' ';
-			c = *buf;
-			while (isspace(c)) {
-				int len = strlen(buf);
-				memmove(buf, buf+1, len);
-				c = *buf;
-			}
+	size_t pos, cnt;
+	for (pos = 0; pos < sb->len; pos++) {
+		if (isspace(sb->buf[pos])) {
+			sb->buf[pos] = ' ';
+			for (cnt = 0; isspace(sb->buf[pos + cnt + 1]); cnt++);
+			strbuf_remove(sb, pos + 1, cnt);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void decode_header(char *it);
-static char *header[MAX_HDR_PARSED] = {
+static void decode_header(struct strbuf *line);
+static const char *header[MAX_HDR_PARSED] = {
 	"From","Subject","Date",
 };
 
-static int check_header(char *line, char **hdr_data, int overwrite)
+static inline int cmp_header(const struct strbuf *line, const char *hdr)
 {
-	int i;
+	int len = strlen(hdr);
+	return !strncasecmp(line->buf, hdr, len) && line->len > len &&
+			line->buf[len] == ':' && isspace(line->buf[len + 1]);
+}
 
+static int check_header(const struct strbuf *line,
+				struct strbuf *hdr_data[], int overwrite)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0, len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	/* search for the interesting parts */
 	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
 		int len = strlen(header[i]);
-		if ((!hdr_data[i] || overwrite) &&
-		    !strncasecmp(line, header[i], len) &&
-		    line[len] == ':' && isspace(line[len + 1])) {
+		if ((!hdr_data[i] || overwrite) && cmp_header(line, header[i])) {
 			/* Unwrap inline B and Q encoding, and optionally
 			 * normalize the meta information to utf8.
 			 */
-			decode_header(line + len + 2);
-			hdr_data[i] = xmalloc(1000 * sizeof(char));
-			if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], len + 2)) {
-				return 1;
-			}
+			strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len + 2, line->len - len - 2);
+			decode_header(&sb);
+			handle_header(&hdr_data[i], &sb);
+			ret = 1;
+			goto check_header_out;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* Content stuff */
-	if (!strncasecmp(line, "Content-Type", 12) &&
-		line[12] == ':' && isspace(line[12 + 1])) {
-		decode_header(line + 12 + 2);
-		if (! handle_content_type(line)) {
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!strncasecmp(line, "Content-Transfer-Encoding", 25) &&
-		line[25] == ':' && isspace(line[25 + 1])) {
-		decode_header(line + 25 + 2);
-		if (! handle_content_transfer_encoding(line)) {
-			return 1;
-		}
+	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Type")) {
+		len = strlen("Content-Type: ");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
+		decode_header(&sb);
+		strbuf_insert(&sb, 0, "Content-Type: ", len);
+		handle_content_type(&sb);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto check_header_out;
+	}
+	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Transfer-Encoding")) {
+		len = strlen("Content-Transfer-Encoding: ");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
+		decode_header(&sb);
+		handle_content_transfer_encoding(&sb);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto check_header_out;
 	}
 
 	/* for inbody stuff */
-	if (!memcmp(">From", line, 5) && isspace(line[5]))
-		return 1;
-	if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
+	if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, ">From") && isspace(line->buf[5])) {
+		ret = 1; /* Should this return 0? */
+		goto check_header_out;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, "[PATCH]") && isspace(line->buf[7])) {
 		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-			if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
-				if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
-					return 1;
-				}
+			if (!memcmp("Subject", header[i], 7)) {
+				handle_header(&hdr_data[i], line);
+				ret = 1;
+				goto check_header_out;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* no match */
-	return 0;
+check_header_out:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static int is_rfc2822_header(char *line)
+static int is_rfc2822_header(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	/*
 	 * The section that defines the loosest possible
@@ -359,15 +344,15 @@ static int is_rfc2822_header(char *line)
 	 * ftext = %d33-57 / %59-126
 	 */
 	int ch;
-	char *cp = line;
+	char *cp = line->buf;
 
 	/* Count mbox From headers as headers */
-	if (!memcmp(line, "From ", 5) || !memcmp(line, ">From ", 6))
+	if (!prefixcmp(cp, "From ") || !prefixcmp(cp, ">From "))
 		return 1;
 
 	while ((ch = *cp++)) {
 		if (ch == ':')
-			return cp != line;
+			return 1;
 		if ((33 <= ch && ch <= 57) ||
 		    (59 <= ch && ch <= 126))
 			continue;
@@ -376,34 +361,20 @@ static int is_rfc2822_header(char *line)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * sz is size of 'line' buffer in bytes.  Must be reasonably
- * long enough to hold one physical real-world e-mail line.
- */
-static int read_one_header_line(char *line, int sz, FILE *in)
+static int read_one_header_line(struct strbuf *line, FILE *in)
 {
-	int len;
-
-	/*
-	 * We will read at most (sz-1) bytes and then potentially
-	 * re-add NUL after it.  Accessing line[sz] after this is safe
-	 * and we can allow len to grow up to and including sz.
-	 */
-	sz--;
-
 	/* Get the first part of the line. */
-	if (!fgets(line, sz, in))
+	if (strbuf_getline(line, in, '\n'))
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Is it an empty line or not a valid rfc2822 header?
 	 * If so, stop here, and return false ("not a header")
 	 */
-	len = eatspace(line);
-	if (!len || !is_rfc2822_header(line)) {
+	strbuf_rtrim(line);
+	if (!line->len || !is_rfc2822_header(line)) {
 		/* Re-add the newline */
-		line[len] = '\n';
-		line[len + 1] = '\0';
+		strbuf_addch(line, '\n');
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -412,52 +383,53 @@ static int read_one_header_line(char *line, int sz, FILE *in)
 	 * Yuck, 2822 header "folding"
 	 */
 	for (;;) {
-		int peek, addlen;
-		static char continuation[1000];
+		int peek;
+		struct strbuf continuation = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		peek = fgetc(in); ungetc(peek, in);
 		if (peek != ' ' && peek != '\t')
 			break;
-		if (!fgets(continuation, sizeof(continuation), in))
+		if (strbuf_getline(&continuation, in, '\n'))
 			break;
-		addlen = eatspace(continuation);
-		if (len < sz - 1) {
-			if (addlen >= sz - len)
-				addlen = sz - len - 1;
-			memcpy(line + len, continuation, addlen);
-			len += addlen;
-		}
+		continuation.buf[0] = '\n';
+		strbuf_rtrim(&continuation);
+		strbuf_addbuf(line, &continuation);
 	}
-	line[len] = 0;
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int decode_q_segment(char *in, char *ot, char *ep, int rfc2047)
+static struct strbuf *decode_q_segment(const struct strbuf *q_seg, int rfc2047)
 {
+	const char *in = q_seg->buf;
 	int c;
-	while ((c = *in++) != 0 && (in <= ep)) {
+	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(out, q_seg->len);
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
 		if (c == '=') {
 			int d = *in++;
 			if (d == '\n' || !d)
 				break; /* drop trailing newline */
-			*ot++ = ((hexval(d) << 4) | hexval(*in++));
+			strbuf_addch(out, (hexval(d) << 4) | hexval(*in++));
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (rfc2047 && c == '_') /* rfc2047 4.2 (2) */
 			c = 0x20;
-		*ot++ = c;
+		strbuf_addch(out, c);
 	}
-	*ot = 0;
-	return 0;
+	return out;
 }
 
-static int decode_b_segment(char *in, char *ot, char *ep)
+static struct strbuf *decode_b_segment(const struct strbuf *b_seg)
 {
 	/* Decode in..ep, possibly in-place to ot */
 	int c, pos = 0, acc = 0;
+	const char *in = b_seg->buf;
+	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(out, b_seg->len);
 
-	while ((c = *in++) != 0 && (in <= ep)) {
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
 		if (c == '+')
 			c = 62;
 		else if (c == '/')
@@ -468,13 +440,6 @@ static int decode_b_segment(char *in, char *ot, char *ep)
 			c -= 'a' - 26;
 		else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
 			c -= '0' - 52;
-		else if (c == '=') {
-			/* padding is almost like (c == 0), except we do
-			 * not output NUL resulting only from it;
-			 * for now we just trust the data.
-			 */
-			c = 0;
-		}
 		else
 			continue; /* garbage */
 		switch (pos++) {
@@ -482,98 +447,146 @@ static int decode_b_segment(char *in, char *ot, char *ep)
 			acc = (c << 2);
 			break;
 		case 1:
-			*ot++ = (acc | (c >> 4));
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 4)));
 			acc = (c & 15) << 4;
 			break;
 		case 2:
-			*ot++ = (acc | (c >> 2));
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 2)));
 			acc = (c & 3) << 6;
 			break;
 		case 3:
-			*ot++ = (acc | c);
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | c));
 			acc = pos = 0;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	*ot = 0;
-	return 0;
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When there is no known charset, guess.
+ *
+ * Right now we assume that if the target is UTF-8 (the default),
+ * and it already looks like UTF-8 (which includes US-ASCII as its
+ * subset, of course) then that is what it is and there is nothing
+ * to do.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, we default to assuming it is Latin1 for historical
+ * reasons.
+ */
+static const char *guess_charset(const struct strbuf *line, const char *target_charset)
+{
+	if (is_encoding_utf8(target_charset)) {
+		if (is_utf8(line->buf))
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	return "ISO8859-1";
 }
 
-static void convert_to_utf8(char *line, const char *charset)
+static void convert_to_utf8(struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
 {
-	static const char latin_one[] = "latin1";
-	const char *input_charset = *charset ? charset : latin_one;
-	char *out = reencode_string(line, metainfo_charset, input_charset);
+	char *out;
 
+	if (!charset || !*charset) {
+		charset = guess_charset(line, metainfo_charset);
+		if (!charset)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcasecmp(metainfo_charset, charset))
+		return;
+	out = reencode_string(line->buf, metainfo_charset, charset);
 	if (!out)
-		die("cannot convert from %s to %s\n",
-		    input_charset, metainfo_charset);
-	strcpy(line, out);
-	free(out);
+		die("cannot convert from %s to %s",
+		    charset, metainfo_charset);
+	strbuf_attach(line, out, strlen(out), strlen(out));
 }
 
-static int decode_header_bq(char *it)
+static int decode_header_bq(struct strbuf *it)
 {
-	char *in, *out, *ep, *cp, *sp;
-	char outbuf[1000];
+	char *in, *ep, *cp;
+	struct strbuf outbuf = STRBUF_INIT, *dec;
+	struct strbuf charset_q = STRBUF_INIT, piecebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int rfc2047 = 0;
 
-	in = it;
-	out = outbuf;
-	while ((ep = strstr(in, "=?")) != NULL) {
-		int sz, encoding;
-		char charset_q[256], piecebuf[256];
+	in = it->buf;
+	while (in - it->buf <= it->len && (ep = strstr(in, "=?")) != NULL) {
+		int encoding;
+		strbuf_reset(&charset_q);
+		strbuf_reset(&piecebuf);
 		rfc2047 = 1;
 
 		if (in != ep) {
-			sz = ep - in;
-			memcpy(out, in, sz);
-			out += sz;
-			in += sz;
+			/*
+			 * We are about to process an encoded-word
+			 * that begins at ep, but there is something
+			 * before the encoded word.
+			 */
+			char *scan;
+			for (scan = in; scan < ep; scan++)
+				if (!isspace(*scan))
+					break;
+
+			if (scan != ep || in == it->buf) {
+				/*
+				 * We should not lose that "something",
+				 * unless we have just processed an
+				 * encoded-word, and there is only LWS
+				 * before the one we are about to process.
+				 */
+				strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
+			}
 		}
 		/* E.g.
 		 * ep : "=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyR...?= foo"
 		 * ep : "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Foo=FCbar?= baz"
 		 */
 		ep += 2;
-		cp = strchr(ep, '?');
-		if (!cp)
-			return rfc2047; /* no munging */
-		for (sp = ep; sp < cp; sp++)
-			charset_q[sp - ep] = tolower(*sp);
-		charset_q[cp - ep] = 0;
+
+		if (ep - it->buf >= it->len || !(cp = strchr(ep, '?')))
+			goto decode_header_bq_out;
+
+		if (cp + 3 - it->buf > it->len)
+			goto decode_header_bq_out;
+		strbuf_add(&charset_q, ep, cp - ep);
+
 		encoding = cp[1];
 		if (!encoding || cp[2] != '?')
-			return rfc2047; /* no munging */
+			goto decode_header_bq_out;
 		ep = strstr(cp + 3, "?=");
 		if (!ep)
-			return rfc2047; /* no munging */
+			goto decode_header_bq_out;
+		strbuf_add(&piecebuf, cp + 3, ep - cp - 3);
 		switch (tolower(encoding)) {
 		default:
-			return rfc2047; /* no munging */
+			goto decode_header_bq_out;
 		case 'b':
-			sz = decode_b_segment(cp + 3, piecebuf, ep);
+			dec = decode_b_segment(&piecebuf);
 			break;
 		case 'q':
-			sz = decode_q_segment(cp + 3, piecebuf, ep, 1);
+			dec = decode_q_segment(&piecebuf, 1);
 			break;
 		}
-		if (sz < 0)
-			return rfc2047;
 		if (metainfo_charset)
-			convert_to_utf8(piecebuf, charset_q);
-		strcpy(out, piecebuf);
-		out += strlen(out);
+			convert_to_utf8(dec, charset_q.buf);
+
+		strbuf_addbuf(&outbuf, dec);
+		strbuf_release(dec);
+		free(dec);
 		in = ep + 2;
 	}
-	strcpy(out, in);
-	strcpy(it, outbuf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, in);
+	strbuf_reset(it);
+	strbuf_addbuf(it, &outbuf);
+decode_header_bq_out:
+	strbuf_release(&outbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&charset_q);
+	strbuf_release(&piecebuf);
 	return rfc2047;
 }
 
-static void decode_header(char *it)
+static void decode_header(struct strbuf *it)
 {
-
 	if (decode_header_bq(it))
 		return;
 	/* otherwise "it" is a straight copy of the input.
@@ -583,30 +596,33 @@ static void decode_header(char *it)
 		convert_to_utf8(it, "");
 }
 
-static void decode_transfer_encoding(char *line)
+static void decode_transfer_encoding(struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	char *ep;
+	struct strbuf *ret;
 
 	switch (transfer_encoding) {
 	case TE_QP:
-		ep = line + strlen(line);
-		decode_q_segment(line, line, ep, 0);
+		ret = decode_q_segment(line, 0);
 		break;
 	case TE_BASE64:
-		ep = line + strlen(line);
-		decode_b_segment(line, line, ep);
+		ret = decode_b_segment(line);
 		break;
 	case TE_DONTCARE:
-		break;
+	default:
+		return;
 	}
+	strbuf_reset(line);
+	strbuf_addbuf(line, ret);
+	strbuf_release(ret);
+	free(ret);
 }
 
-static int handle_filter(char *line);
+static void handle_filter(struct strbuf *line);
 
 static int find_boundary(void)
 {
-	while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin) != NULL) {
-		if (is_multipart_boundary(line))
+	while (!strbuf_getline(&line, fin, '\n')) {
+		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -614,22 +630,28 @@ static int find_boundary(void)
 
 static int handle_boundary(void)
 {
-	char newline[]="\n";
+	struct strbuf newline = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addch(&newline, '\n');
 again:
-	if (!memcmp(line+content_top->boundary_len, "--", 2)) {
+	if (line.len >= (*content_top)->len + 2 &&
+	    !memcmp(line.buf + (*content_top)->len, "--", 2)) {
 		/* we hit an end boundary */
 		/* pop the current boundary off the stack */
-		free(content_top->boundary);
+		strbuf_release(*content_top);
+		free(*content_top);
+		*content_top = NULL;
 
 		/* technically won't happen as is_multipart_boundary()
 		   will fail first.  But just in case..
 		 */
-		if (content_top-- < content) {
+		if (--content_top < content) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Detected mismatched boundaries, "
 					"can't recover\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
-		handle_filter(newline);
+		handle_filter(&newline);
+		strbuf_release(&newline);
 
 		/* skip to the next boundary */
 		if (!find_boundary())
@@ -639,39 +661,47 @@ again:
 
 	/* set some defaults */
 	transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
-	charset[0] = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(&charset);
 	message_type = TYPE_TEXT;
 
 	/* slurp in this section's info */
-	while (read_one_header_line(line, sizeof(line), fin))
-		check_header(line, p_hdr_data, 0);
+	while (read_one_header_line(&line, fin))
+		check_header(&line, p_hdr_data, 0);
 
-	/* eat the blank line after section info */
-	return (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin) != NULL);
+	strbuf_release(&newline);
+	/* replenish line */
+	if (strbuf_getline(&line, fin, '\n'))
+		return 0;
+	strbuf_addch(&line, '\n');
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static inline int patchbreak(const char *line)
+static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
+	size_t i;
+
 	/* Beginning of a "diff -" header? */
-	if (!memcmp("diff -", line, 6))
+	if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, "diff -"))
 		return 1;
 
 	/* CVS "Index: " line? */
-	if (!memcmp("Index: ", line, 7))
+	if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, "Index: "))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * "--- <filename>" starts patches without headers
 	 * "---<sp>*" is a manual separator
 	 */
-	if (!memcmp("---", line, 3)) {
-		line += 3;
+	if (line->len < 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, "---")) {
 		/* space followed by a filename? */
-		if (line[0] == ' ' && !isspace(line[1]))
+		if (line->buf[3] == ' ' && !isspace(line->buf[4]))
 			return 1;
 		/* Just whitespace? */
-		for (;;) {
-			unsigned char c = *line++;
+		for (i = 3; i < line->len; i++) {
+			unsigned char c = line->buf[i];
 			if (c == '\n')
 				return 1;
 			if (!isspace(c))
@@ -682,8 +712,7 @@ static inline int patchbreak(const char *line)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int handle_commit_msg(char *line)
+static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	static int still_looking = 1;
 
@@ -691,22 +720,16 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(char *line)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (still_looking) {
-		char *cp = line;
-		if (isspace(*line)) {
-			for (cp = line + 1; *cp; cp++) {
-				if (!isspace(*cp))
-					break;
-			}
-			if (!*cp)
-				return 0;
-		}
-		if ((still_looking = check_header(cp, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
+		strbuf_ltrim(line);
+		if (!line->len)
+			return 0;
+		if ((still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
 			return 0;
 	}
 
 	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
 	if (metainfo_charset)
-		convert_to_utf8(line, charset);
+		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
 
 	if (patchbreak(line)) {
 		fclose(cmitmsg);
@@ -714,119 +737,133 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(char *line)
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	fputs(line, cmitmsg);
+	fputs(line->buf, cmitmsg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int handle_patch(char *line)
+static void handle_patch(const struct strbuf *line)
 {
-	fputs(line, patchfile);
+	fwrite(line->buf, 1, line->len, patchfile);
 	patch_lines++;
-	return 0;
 }
 
-static int handle_filter(char *line)
+static void handle_filter(struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	static int filter = 0;
 
-	/* filter tells us which part we left off on
-	 * a non-zero return indicates we hit a filter point
-	 */
+	/* filter tells us which part we left off on */
 	switch (filter) {
 	case 0:
 		if (!handle_commit_msg(line))
 			break;
 		filter++;
 	case 1:
-		if (!handle_patch(line))
-			break;
-		filter++;
-	default:
-		return 1;
+		handle_patch(line);
+		break;
 	}
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static void handle_body(void)
 {
-	int rc = 0;
-	static char newline[2000];
-	static char *np = newline;
+	int len = 0;
+	struct strbuf prev = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* Skip up to the first boundary */
-	if (content_top->boundary) {
+	if (*content_top) {
 		if (!find_boundary())
-			return;
+			goto handle_body_out;
 	}
 
 	do {
+		strbuf_setlen(&line, line.len + len);
+
 		/* process any boundary lines */
-		if (content_top->boundary && is_multipart_boundary(line)) {
+		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line)) {
 			/* flush any leftover */
-			if ((transfer_encoding == TE_BASE64)  &&
-			    (np != newline)) {
-				handle_filter(newline);
+			if (prev.len) {
+				handle_filter(&prev);
+				strbuf_reset(&prev);
 			}
 			if (!handle_boundary())
-				return;
+				goto handle_body_out;
 		}
 
 		/* Unwrap transfer encoding */
-		decode_transfer_encoding(line);
+		decode_transfer_encoding(&line);
 
 		switch (transfer_encoding) {
 		case TE_BASE64:
+		case TE_QP:
 		{
-			char *op = line;
+			struct strbuf **lines, **it, *sb;
+
+			/* Prepend any previous partial lines */
+			strbuf_insert(&line, 0, prev.buf, prev.len);
+			strbuf_reset(&prev);
 
 			/* binary data most likely doesn't have newlines */
 			if (message_type != TYPE_TEXT) {
-				rc = handle_filter(line);
+				handle_filter(&line);
 				break;
 			}
-
-			/* this is a decoded line that may contain
+			/*
+			 * This is a decoded line that may contain
 			 * multiple new lines.  Pass only one chunk
 			 * at a time to handle_filter()
 			 */
-
-			do {
-				while (*op != '\n' && *op != 0)
-					*np++ = *op++;
-				*np = *op;
-				if (*np != 0) {
-					/* should be sitting on a new line */
-					*(++np) = 0;
-					op++;
-					rc = handle_filter(newline);
-					np = newline;
-				}
-			} while (*op != 0);
-			/* the partial chunk is saved in newline and
-			 * will be appended by the next iteration of fgets
+			lines = strbuf_split(&line, '\n');
+			for (it = lines; (sb = *it); it++) {
+				if (*(it + 1) == NULL) /* The last line */
+					if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n') {
+						/* Partial line, save it for later. */
+						strbuf_addbuf(&prev, sb);
+						break;
+					}
+				handle_filter(sb);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * The partial chunk is saved in "prev" and will be
+			 * appended by the next iteration of read_line_with_nul().
 			 */
+			strbuf_list_free(lines);
 			break;
 		}
 		default:
-			rc = handle_filter(line);
+			handle_filter(&line);
 		}
-		if (rc)
-			/* nothing left to filter */
-			break;
-	} while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin));
 
-	return;
+		strbuf_reset(&line);
+		if (strbuf_avail(&line) < 100)
+			strbuf_grow(&line, 100);
+	} while ((len = read_line_with_nul(line.buf, strbuf_avail(&line), fin)));
+
+handle_body_out:
+	strbuf_release(&prev);
+}
+
+static void output_header_lines(FILE *fout, const char *hdr, const struct strbuf *data)
+{
+	const char *sp = data->buf;
+	while (1) {
+		char *ep = strchr(sp, '\n');
+		int len;
+		if (!ep)
+			len = strlen(sp);
+		else
+			len = ep - sp;
+		fprintf(fout, "%s: %.*s\n", hdr, len, sp);
+		if (!ep)
+			break;
+		sp = ep + 1;
+	}
 }
 
 static void handle_info(void)
 {
-	char *sub;
-	char *hdr;
+	struct strbuf *hdr;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-
 		/* only print inbody headers if we output a patch file */
 		if (patch_lines && s_hdr_data[i])
 			hdr = s_hdr_data[i];
@@ -836,24 +873,28 @@ static void handle_info(void)
 			continue;
 
 		if (!memcmp(header[i], "Subject", 7)) {
-			sub = cleanup_subject(hdr);
-			cleanup_space(sub);
-			fprintf(fout, "Subject: %s\n", sub);
+			if (!keep_subject) {
+				cleanup_subject(hdr);
+				cleanup_space(hdr);
+			}
+			output_header_lines(fout, "Subject", hdr);
 		} else if (!memcmp(header[i], "From", 4)) {
+			cleanup_space(hdr);
 			handle_from(hdr);
-			fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name);
-			fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email);
+			fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name.buf);
+			fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email.buf);
 		} else {
 			cleanup_space(hdr);
-			fprintf(fout, "%s: %s\n", header[i], hdr);
+			fprintf(fout, "%s: %s\n", header[i], hdr->buf);
 		}
 	}
 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
 }
 
-int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
-	     const char *msg, const char *patch)
+static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
+		    const char *msg, const char *patch)
 {
+	int peek;
 	keep_subject = ks;
 	metainfo_charset = encoding;
 	fin = in;
@@ -871,12 +912,17 @@ int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	p_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(char *));
-	s_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(char *));
+	p_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*p_hdr_data));
+	s_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*s_hdr_data));
+
+	do {
+		peek = fgetc(in);
+	} while (isspace(peek));
+	ungetc(peek, in);
 
 	/* process the email header */
-	while (read_one_header_line(line, sizeof(line), fin))
-		check_header(line, p_hdr_data, 1);
+	while (read_one_header_line(&line, fin))
+		check_header(&line, p_hdr_data, 1);
 
 	handle_body();
 	handle_info();
@@ -885,7 +931,7 @@ int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
 }
 
 static const char mailinfo_usage[] =
-	"git-mailinfo [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding>] msg patch <mail >info";
+	"git mailinfo [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] msg patch <mail >info";
 
 int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -894,9 +940,9 @@ int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* NEEDSWORK: might want to do the optional .git/ directory
 	 * discovery
 	 */
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "utf-8");
+	def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "UTF-8");
 	metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
diff --git a/builtin-mailsplit.c b/builtin-mailsplit.c
index 3bca855aae..ad5f6b593d 100644
--- a/builtin-mailsplit.c
+++ b/builtin-mailsplit.c
@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 static const char git_mailsplit_usage[] =
-"git-mailsplit [-d<prec>] [-f<n>] [-b] -o<directory> <mbox>...";
+"git mailsplit [-d<prec>] [-f<n>] [-b] -o<directory> [<mbox>|<Maildir>...]";
 
 static int is_from_line(const char *line, int len)
 {
@@ -44,6 +45,24 @@ static int is_from_line(const char *line, int len)
 /* Could be as small as 64, enough to hold a Unix "From " line. */
 static char buf[4096];
 
+/* We cannot use fgets() because our lines can contain NULs */
+int read_line_with_nul(char *buf, int size, FILE *in)
+{
+	int len = 0, c;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		c = getc(in);
+		if (c == EOF)
+			break;
+		buf[len++] = c;
+		if (c == '\n' || len + 1 >= size)
+			break;
+	}
+	buf[len] = '\0';
+
+	return len;
+}
+
 /* Called with the first line (potentially partial)
  * already in buf[] -- normally that should begin with
  * the Unix "From " line.  Write it into the specified
@@ -62,26 +81,26 @@ static int split_one(FILE *mbox, const char *name, int allow_bare)
 
 	fd = open(name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("cannot open output file %s", name);
+		die_errno("cannot open output file '%s'", name);
 	output = fdopen(fd, "w");
 
 	/* Copy it out, while searching for a line that begins with
 	 * "From " and having something that looks like a date format.
 	 */
 	for (;;) {
-		int is_partial = (buf[len-1] != '\n');
+		int is_partial = len && buf[len-1] != '\n';
 
-		if (fputs(buf, output) == EOF)
-			die("cannot write output");
+		if (fwrite(buf, 1, len, output) != len)
+			die_errno("cannot write output");
 
-		if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), mbox) == NULL) {
+		len = read_line_with_nul(buf, sizeof(buf), mbox);
+		if (len == 0) {
 			if (feof(mbox)) {
 				status = 1;
 				break;
 			}
-			die("cannot read mbox");
+			die_errno("cannot read mbox");
 		}
-		len = strlen(buf);
 		if (!is_partial && !is_bare && is_from_line(buf, len))
 			break; /* done with one message */
 	}
@@ -96,44 +115,119 @@ static int split_one(FILE *mbox, const char *name, int allow_bare)
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-int split_mbox(const char **mbox, const char *dir, int allow_bare, int nr_prec, int skip)
+static int populate_maildir_list(struct string_list *list, const char *path)
+{
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *dent;
+	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	char *subs[] = { "cur", "new", NULL };
+	char **sub;
+
+	for (sub = subs; *sub; ++sub) {
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/%s", path, *sub);
+		if ((dir = opendir(name)) == NULL) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				continue;
+			error("cannot opendir %s (%s)", name, strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		while ((dent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+			if (dent->d_name[0] == '.')
+				continue;
+			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/%s", *sub, dent->d_name);
+			string_list_insert(name, list);
+		}
+
+		closedir(dir);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
+	int nr_prec, int skip)
 {
-	char *name = xmalloc(strlen(dir) + 2 + 3 * sizeof(skip));
+	char file[PATH_MAX];
+	char name[PATH_MAX];
 	int ret = -1;
+	int i;
+	struct string_list list = {NULL, 0, 0, 1};
 
-	while (*mbox) {
-		const char *file = *mbox++;
-		FILE *f = !strcmp(file, "-") ? stdin : fopen(file, "r");
-		int file_done = 0;
+	if (populate_maildir_list(&list, maildir) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-		if ( !f ) {
-			error("cannot open mbox %s", file);
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
+		FILE *f;
+		snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "%s/%s", maildir, list.items[i].string);
+		f = fopen(file, "r");
+		if (!f) {
+			error("cannot open mail %s (%s)", file, strerror(errno));
 			goto out;
 		}
 
 		if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) == NULL) {
-			if (f == stdin)
-				break; /* empty stdin is OK */
-			error("cannot read mbox %s", file);
+			error("cannot read mail %s (%s)", file, strerror(errno));
 			goto out;
 		}
 
-		while (!file_done) {
-			sprintf(name, "%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
-			file_done = split_one(f, name, allow_bare);
+		sprintf(name, "%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
+		split_one(f, name, 1);
+
+		fclose(f);
+	}
+
+	ret = skip;
+out:
+	string_list_clear(&list, 1);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int split_mbox(const char *file, const char *dir, int allow_bare,
+		      int nr_prec, int skip)
+{
+	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	int ret = -1;
+	int peek;
+
+	FILE *f = !strcmp(file, "-") ? stdin : fopen(file, "r");
+	int file_done = 0;
+
+	if (!f) {
+		error("cannot open mbox %s", file);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	do {
+		peek = fgetc(f);
+	} while (isspace(peek));
+	ungetc(peek, f);
+
+	if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) == NULL) {
+		/* empty stdin is OK */
+		if (f != stdin) {
+			error("cannot read mbox %s", file);
+			goto out;
 		}
+		file_done = 1;
+	}
 
-		if (f != stdin)
-			fclose(f);
+	while (!file_done) {
+		sprintf(name, "%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
+		file_done = split_one(f, name, allow_bare);
 	}
+
+	if (f != stdin)
+		fclose(f);
+
 	ret = skip;
 out:
-	free(name);
 	return ret;
 }
+
 int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int nr = 0, nr_prec = 4, ret;
+	int nr = 0, nr_prec = 4, num = 0;
 	int allow_bare = 0;
 	const char *dir = NULL;
 	const char **argp;
@@ -186,9 +280,41 @@ int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			argp = stdin_only;
 	}
 
-	ret = split_mbox(argp, dir, allow_bare, nr_prec, nr);
-	if (ret != -1)
-		printf("%d\n", ret);
+	while (*argp) {
+		const char *arg = *argp++;
+		struct stat argstat;
+		int ret = 0;
+
+		if (arg[0] == '-' && arg[1] == 0) {
+			ret = split_mbox(arg, dir, allow_bare, nr_prec, nr);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				error("cannot split patches from stdin");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			num += (ret - nr);
+			nr = ret;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (stat(arg, &argstat) == -1) {
+			error("cannot stat %s (%s)", arg, strerror(errno));
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(argstat.st_mode))
+			ret = split_maildir(arg, dir, nr_prec, nr);
+		else
+			ret = split_mbox(arg, dir, allow_bare, nr_prec, nr);
+
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			error("cannot split patches from %s", arg);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		num += (ret - nr);
+		nr = ret;
+	}
+
+	printf("%d\n", num);
 
-	return ret == -1;
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-merge-base.c b/builtin-merge-base.c
index e35d362f26..a6ec2f7ab7 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-base.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-base.c
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static int show_merge_base(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *rev2, int show_all)
+static int show_merge_base(struct commit **rev, int rev_nr, int show_all)
 {
-	struct commit_list *result = get_merge_bases(rev1, rev2, 0);
+	struct commit_list *result;
+
+	result = get_merge_bases_many(rev[0], rev_nr - 1, rev + 1, 0);
 
 	if (!result)
 		return 1;
@@ -18,34 +22,42 @@ static int show_merge_base(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *rev2, int show_al
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const char merge_base_usage[] =
-"git-merge-base [--all] <commit-id> <commit-id>";
+static const char * const merge_base_usage[] = {
+	"git merge-base [--all] <commit-id> <commit-id>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const char *arg)
+{
+	unsigned char revkey[20];
+	struct commit *r;
+
+	if (get_sha1(arg, revkey))
+		die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
+	r = lookup_commit_reference(revkey);
+	if (!r)
+		die("Not a valid commit name %s", arg);
+
+	return r;
+}
 
 int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct commit *rev1, *rev2;
-	unsigned char rev1key[20], rev2key[20];
+	struct commit **rev;
+	int rev_nr = 0;
 	int show_all = 0;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-a") || !strcmp(arg, "--all"))
-			show_all = 1;
-		else
-			usage(merge_base_usage);
-		argc--; argv++;
-	}
-	if (argc != 3)
-		usage(merge_base_usage);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], rev1key))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[2], rev2key))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[2]);
-	rev1 = lookup_commit_reference(rev1key);
-	rev2 = lookup_commit_reference(rev2key);
-	if (!rev1 || !rev2)
-		return 1;
-	return show_merge_base(rev1, rev2, show_all);
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, "outputs all common ancestors"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_base_usage, 0);
+	if (argc < 2)
+		usage_with_options(merge_base_usage, options);
+	rev = xmalloc(argc * sizeof(*rev));
+	while (argc-- > 0)
+		rev[rev_nr++] = get_commit_reference(*argv++);
+	return show_merge_base(rev, rev_nr, show_all);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-merge-file.c b/builtin-merge-file.c
index 9135773908..afd2ea7a73 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-file.c
@@ -1,58 +1,86 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char merge_file_usage[] =
-"git merge-file [-p | --stdout] [-q | --quiet] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2";
+static const char *const merge_file_usage[] = {
+	"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2",
+	NULL
+};
 
-int cmd_merge_file(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
+static int label_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	char *names[3];
+	static int label_count = 0;
+	const char **names = (const char **)opt->value;
+
+	if (label_count >= 3)
+		return error("too many labels on the command line");
+	names[label_count++] = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *names[3] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 	mmfile_t mmfs[3];
 	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
 	xpparam_t xpp = {XDF_NEED_MINIMAL};
 	int ret = 0, i = 0, to_stdout = 0;
+	int merge_level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_ALNUM;
+	int merge_style = 0, quiet = 0;
+	int nongit;
 
-	while (argc > 4) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-L") && i < 3) {
-			names[i++] = argv[2];
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-p") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--stdout"))
-			to_stdout = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--quiet"))
-			freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr);
-		else
-			usage(merge_file_usage);
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, "send results to standard output"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &merge_style, "use a diff3 based merge", XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, names, "name",
+			     "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2", &label_cb),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 
-	if (argc != 4)
-		usage(merge_file_usage);
+	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	if (!nongit) {
+		/* Read the configuration file */
+		git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
+		if (0 <= git_xmerge_style)
+			merge_style = git_xmerge_style;
+	}
 
-	for (; i < 3; i++)
-		names[i] = argv[i + 1];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_file_usage, 0);
+	if (argc != 3)
+		usage_with_options(merge_file_usage, options);
+	if (quiet) {
+		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
+			return error("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null: "
+				     "%s\n", strerror(errno));
+	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, argv[i + 1]))
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		if (!names[i])
+			names[i] = argv[i];
+		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, argv[i]))
 			return -1;
+		if (buffer_is_binary(mmfs[i].ptr, mmfs[i].size))
+			return error("Cannot merge binary files: %s\n",
+					argv[i]);
+	}
 
 	ret = xdl_merge(mmfs + 1, mmfs + 0, names[0], mmfs + 2, names[2],
-			&xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS, &result);
+			&xpp, merge_level | merge_style, &result);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
 		free(mmfs[i].ptr);
 
 	if (ret >= 0) {
-		char *filename = argv[1];
+		const char *filename = argv[0];
 		FILE *f = to_stdout ? stdout : fopen(filename, "wb");
 
 		if (!f)
 			ret = error("Could not open %s for writing", filename);
-		else if (fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
+		else if (result.size &&
+			 fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
 			ret = error("Could not write to %s", filename);
 		else if (fclose(f))
 			ret = error("Could not close %s", filename);
diff --git a/builtin-merge-ours.c b/builtin-merge-ours.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f5bbaf402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-merge-ours.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Implementation of git-merge-ours.sh as builtin
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Thomas Harning Jr
+ * Original:
+ * Original Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
+ *
+ * Pretend we resolved the heads, but declare our tree trumps everybody else.
+ */
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+
+static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
+	"diff-index", "--quiet", "--cached", "HEAD", "--", NULL
+};
+#define NARGS (ARRAY_SIZE(diff_index_args) - 1)
+
+int cmd_merge_ours(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We need to exit with 2 if the index does not match our HEAD tree,
+	 * because the current index is what we will be committing as the
+	 * merge result.
+	 */
+	if (cmd_diff_index(NARGS, diff_index_args, prefix))
+		exit(2);
+	exit(0);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-merge-recursive.c b/builtin-merge-recursive.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d26a96e486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-merge-recursive.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+
+static const char *better_branch_name(const char *branch)
+{
+	static char githead_env[8 + 40 + 1];
+	char *name;
+
+	if (strlen(branch) != 40)
+		return branch;
+	sprintf(githead_env, "GITHEAD_%s", branch);
+	name = getenv(githead_env);
+	return name ? name : branch;
+}
+
+int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const unsigned char *bases[21];
+	unsigned bases_count = 0;
+	int i, failed;
+	unsigned char h1[20], h2[20];
+	struct merge_options o;
+	struct commit *result;
+
+	init_merge_options(&o);
+	if (argv[0]) {
+		int namelen = strlen(argv[0]);
+		if (8 < namelen &&
+		    !strcmp(argv[0] + namelen - 8, "-subtree"))
+			o.subtree_merge = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (argc < 4)
+		die("Usage: %s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...", argv[0]);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
+			break;
+		if (bases_count < ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1) {
+			unsigned char *sha = xmalloc(20);
+			if (get_sha1(argv[i], sha))
+				die("Could not parse object '%s'", argv[i]);
+			bases[bases_count++] = sha;
+		}
+		else
+			warning("Cannot handle more than %d bases. "
+				"Ignoring %s.",
+				(int)ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1, argv[i]);
+	}
+	if (argc - i != 3) /* "--" "<head>" "<remote>" */
+		die("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
+
+	o.branch1 = argv[++i];
+	o.branch2 = argv[++i];
+
+	if (get_sha1(o.branch1, h1))
+		die("Could not resolve ref '%s'", o.branch1);
+	if (get_sha1(o.branch2, h2))
+		die("Could not resolve ref '%s'", o.branch2);
+
+	o.branch1 = better_branch_name(o.branch1);
+	o.branch2 = better_branch_name(o.branch2);
+
+	if (o.verbosity >= 3)
+		printf("Merging %s with %s\n", o.branch1, o.branch2);
+
+	failed = merge_recursive_generic(&o, h1, h2, bases_count, bases, &result);
+	if (failed < 0)
+		return 128; /* die() error code */
+	return failed;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-merge.c b/builtin-merge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82b546689c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-merge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1225 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git merge"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>
+ *
+ * Based on git-merge.sh by Junio C Hamano.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "help.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+
+#define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
+#define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
+#define NO_FAST_FORWARD (1<<2)
+#define NO_TRIVIAL      (1<<3)
+
+struct strategy {
+	const char *name;
+	unsigned attr;
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
+	"git merge [options] <remote>...",
+	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int show_diffstat = 1, option_log, squash;
+static int option_commit = 1, allow_fast_forward = 1;
+static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message;
+static struct strbuf merge_msg;
+static struct commit_list *remoteheads;
+static unsigned char head[20], stash[20];
+static struct strategy **use_strategies;
+static size_t use_strategies_nr, use_strategies_alloc;
+static const char *branch;
+static int verbosity;
+
+static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
+	{ "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
+	{ "octopus",    DEFAULT_OCTOPUS },
+	{ "resolve",    0 },
+	{ "ours",       NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
+	{ "subtree",    NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
+};
+
+static const char *pull_twohead, *pull_octopus;
+
+static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = opt->value;
+
+	if (unset)
+		strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
+	else if (arg) {
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n\n", arg);
+		have_message = 1;
+	} else
+		return error("switch `m' requires a value");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strategy *ret;
+	static struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+	static int loaded;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
+		if (!strcmp(name, all_strategy[i].name))
+			return &all_strategy[i];
+
+	if (!loaded) {
+		struct cmdnames not_strategies;
+		loaded = 1;
+
+		memset(&not_strategies, 0, sizeof(struct cmdnames));
+		load_command_list("git-merge-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+		for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++) {
+			int j, found = 0;
+			struct cmdname *ent = main_cmds.names[i];
+			for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); j++)
+				if (!strncmp(ent->name, all_strategy[j].name, ent->len)
+						&& !all_strategy[j].name[ent->len])
+					found = 1;
+			if (!found)
+				add_cmdname(&not_strategies, ent->name, ent->len);
+			exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
+		}
+	}
+	if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n", name);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Available strategies are:");
+		for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
+			fprintf(stderr, " %s", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
+		fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
+		if (other_cmds.cnt) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Available custom strategies are:");
+			for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
+				fprintf(stderr, " %s", other_cmds.names[i]->name);
+			fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
+		}
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct strategy));
+	ret->name = xstrdup(name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void append_strategy(struct strategy *s)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(use_strategies, use_strategies_nr + 1, use_strategies_alloc);
+	use_strategies[use_strategies_nr++] = s;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_strategy(const struct option *opt,
+				 const char *name, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		return 0;
+
+	append_strategy(get_strategy(name));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_n(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	show_diffstat = unset;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+		"do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge",
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_n },
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stat", &show_diffstat,
+		"show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &show_diffstat, "(synonym to --stat)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "log", &option_log,
+		"add list of one-line log to merge commit message"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "squash", &squash,
+		"create a single commit instead of doing a merge"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "commit", &option_commit,
+		"perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff", &allow_fast_forward,
+		"allow fast forward (default)"),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, "strategy",
+		"merge strategy to use", option_parse_strategy),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, "message",
+		"message to be used for the merge commit (if any)",
+		option_parse_message),
+	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+/* Cleans up metadata that is uninteresting after a succeeded merge. */
+static void drop_save(void)
+{
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+}
+
+static void save_state(void)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct child_process cp;
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *argv[] = {"stash", "create", NULL};
+
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	cp.argv = argv;
+	cp.out = -1;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		die("could not run stash.");
+	len = strbuf_read(&buffer, cp.out, 1024);
+	close(cp.out);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
+		die("stash failed");
+	else if (!len)
+		return;
+	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
+	if (get_sha1(buffer.buf, stash))
+		die("not a valid object: %s", buffer.buf);
+}
+
+static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	const char *args[6];
+
+	args[i++] = "read-tree";
+	if (verbose)
+		args[i++] = "-v";
+	args[i++] = "--reset";
+	args[i++] = "-u";
+	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	args[i] = NULL;
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		die("read-tree failed");
+}
+
+static void restore_state(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *args[] = { "stash", "apply", NULL, NULL };
+
+	if (is_null_sha1(stash))
+		return;
+
+	reset_hard(head, 1);
+
+	args[2] = sha1_to_hex(stash);
+
+	/*
+	 * It is OK to ignore error here, for example when there was
+	 * nothing to restore.
+	 */
+	run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+}
+
+/* This is called when no merge was necessary. */
+static void finish_up_to_date(const char *msg)
+{
+	if (verbosity >= 0)
+		printf("%s%s\n", squash ? " (nothing to squash)" : "", msg);
+	drop_save();
+}
+
+static void squash_message(void)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct commit_list *j;
+	int fd;
+
+	printf("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n");
+	fd = open(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
+	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM;
+
+	commit = lookup_commit(head);
+	commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	add_pending_object(&rev, &commit->object, NULL);
+
+	for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
+		add_pending_object(&rev, &j->item->object, NULL);
+
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&out, "Squashed commit of the following:\n");
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
+		strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "commit %s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		pretty_print_commit(rev.commit_format, commit, &out, rev.abbrev,
+			NULL, NULL, rev.date_mode, 0);
+	}
+	if (write(fd, out.buf, out.len) < 0)
+		die_errno("Writing SQUASH_MSG");
+	if (close(fd))
+		die_errno("Finishing SQUASH_MSG");
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+}
+
+static void finish(const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
+{
+	struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!msg)
+		strbuf_addstr(&reflog_message, getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"));
+	else {
+		if (verbosity >= 0)
+			printf("%s\n", msg);
+		strbuf_addf(&reflog_message, "%s: %s",
+			getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"), msg);
+	}
+	if (squash) {
+		squash_message();
+	} else {
+		if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
+			printf("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n");
+		else {
+			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
+			update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD",
+				new_head, head, 0,
+				DIE_ON_ERR);
+			/*
+			 * We ignore errors in 'gc --auto', since the
+			 * user should see them.
+			 */
+			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		}
+	}
+	if (new_head && show_diffstat) {
+		struct diff_options opts;
+		diff_setup(&opts);
+		opts.output_format |=
+			DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+		opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+		if (diff_use_color_default > 0)
+			DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, COLOR_DIFF);
+		if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
+			die("diff_setup_done failed");
+		diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
+		diffcore_std(&opts);
+		diff_flush(&opts);
+	}
+
+	/* Run a post-merge hook */
+	run_hook(NULL, "post-merge", squash ? "1" : "0", NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(&reflog_message);
+}
+
+/* Get the name for the merge commit's message. */
+static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
+{
+	struct object *remote_head;
+	unsigned char branch_head[20], buf_sha[20];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *ptr;
+	int len, early;
+
+	strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote);
+	remote = bname.buf;
+
+	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
+	remote_head = peel_to_type(remote, 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
+	if (!remote_head)
+		die("'%s' does not point to a commit", remote);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/heads/");
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, remote);
+	resolve_ref(buf.buf, branch_head, 0, NULL);
+
+	if (!hashcmp(remote_head->sha1, branch_head)) {
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* See if remote matches <name>^^^.. or <name>~<number> */
+	for (len = 0, ptr = remote + strlen(remote);
+	     remote < ptr && ptr[-1] == '^';
+	     ptr--)
+		len++;
+	if (len)
+		early = 1;
+	else {
+		early = 0;
+		ptr = strrchr(remote, '~');
+		if (ptr) {
+			int seen_nonzero = 0;
+
+			len++; /* count ~ */
+			while (*++ptr && isdigit(*ptr)) {
+				seen_nonzero |= (*ptr != '0');
+				len++;
+			}
+			if (*ptr)
+				len = 0; /* not ...~<number> */
+			else if (seen_nonzero)
+				early = 1;
+			else if (len == 1)
+				early = 1; /* "name~" is "name~1"! */
+		}
+	}
+	if (len) {
+		struct strbuf truname = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&truname, "refs/heads/");
+		strbuf_addstr(&truname, remote);
+		strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
+		if (resolve_ref(truname.buf, buf_sha, 0, NULL)) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg,
+				    "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
+				    sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1),
+				    truname.buf + 11,
+				    (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
+			strbuf_release(&truname);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(remote, "FETCH_HEAD") &&
+			!access(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), R_OK)) {
+		FILE *fp;
+		struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *ptr;
+
+		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "r");
+		if (!fp)
+			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+				  git_path("FETCH_HEAD"));
+		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
+		fclose(fp);
+		ptr = strstr(line.buf, "\tnot-for-merge\t");
+		if (ptr)
+			strbuf_remove(&line, ptr-line.buf+1, 13);
+		strbuf_addbuf(msg, &line);
+		strbuf_release(&line);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
+		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1), remote);
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&bname);
+}
+
+static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	if (branch && !prefixcmp(k, "branch.") &&
+		!prefixcmp(k + 7, branch) &&
+		!strcmp(k + 7 + strlen(branch), ".mergeoptions")) {
+		const char **argv;
+		int argc;
+		char *buf;
+
+		buf = xstrdup(v);
+		argc = split_cmdline(buf, &argv);
+		if (argc < 0)
+			die("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string", branch);
+		argv = xrealloc(argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 2));
+		memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
+		argc++;
+		parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
+			      builtin_merge_usage, 0);
+		free(buf);
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
+		show_diffstat = git_config_bool(k, v);
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.twohead"))
+		return git_config_string(&pull_twohead, k, v);
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.octopus"))
+		return git_config_string(&pull_octopus, k, v);
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.log") || !strcmp(k, "merge.summary"))
+		option_log = git_config_bool(k, v);
+	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
+}
+
+static int read_tree_trivial(unsigned char *common, unsigned char *head,
+			     unsigned char *one)
+{
+	int i, nr_trees = 0;
+	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 2;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.update = 1;
+	opts.verbose_update = 1;
+	opts.trivial_merges_only = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(common);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(one);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	opts.fn = threeway_merge;
+	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
+		parse_tree(trees[i]);
+		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
+	}
+	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void write_tree_trivial(unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (write_cache_as_tree(sha1, 0, NULL))
+		die("git write-tree failed to write a tree");
+}
+
+static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
+			      const char *head_arg)
+{
+	const char **args;
+	int i = 0, ret;
+	struct commit_list *j;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int index_fd;
+	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+
+	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+			(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+			 commit_locked_index(lock)))
+		return error("Unable to write index.");
+	rollback_lock_file(lock);
+
+	if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
+		int clean;
+		struct commit *result;
+		struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+		int index_fd;
+		struct commit_list *reversed = NULL;
+		struct merge_options o;
+
+		if (remoteheads->next) {
+			error("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
+			return 2;
+		}
+
+		init_merge_options(&o);
+		if (!strcmp(strategy, "subtree"))
+			o.subtree_merge = 1;
+
+		o.branch1 = head_arg;
+		o.branch2 = remoteheads->item->util;
+
+		for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
+			commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
+
+		index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+		clean = merge_recursive(&o, lookup_commit(head),
+				remoteheads->item, reversed, &result);
+		if (active_cache_changed &&
+				(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+				 commit_locked_index(lock)))
+			die ("unable to write %s", get_index_file());
+		rollback_lock_file(lock);
+		return clean ? 0 : 1;
+	} else {
+		args = xmalloc((4 + commit_list_count(common) +
+					commit_list_count(remoteheads)) * sizeof(char *));
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "merge-%s", strategy);
+		args[i++] = buf.buf;
+		for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
+			args[i++] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
+		args[i++] = "--";
+		args[i++] = head_arg;
+		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
+			args[i++] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
+		args[i] = NULL;
+		ret = run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		i = 1;
+		for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
+			free((void *)args[i++]);
+		i += 2;
+		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
+			free((void *)args[i++]);
+		free(args);
+		discard_cache();
+		if (read_cache() < 0)
+			die("failed to read the cache");
+		return -ret;
+	}
+}
+
+static void count_diff_files(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+			     struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
+{
+	int *count = data;
+
+	(*count) += q->nr;
+}
+
+static int count_unmerged_entries(void)
+{
+	const struct index_state *state = &the_index;
+	int i, ret = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < state->cache_nr; i++)
+		if (ce_stage(state->cache[i]))
+			ret++;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int checkout_fast_forward(unsigned char *head, unsigned char *remote)
+{
+	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	int i, fd, nr_trees = 0;
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+
+	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+	memset(&trees, 0, sizeof(trees));
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+	dir.exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
+	opts.dir = &dir;
+
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.update = 1;
+	opts.verbose_update = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
+
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
+		parse_tree(trees[i]);
+		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
+	}
+	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
+		return -1;
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		die("unable to write new index file");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void split_merge_strategies(const char *string, struct strategy **list,
+				   int *nr, int *alloc)
+{
+	char *p, *q, *buf;
+
+	if (!string)
+		return;
+
+	buf = xstrdup(string);
+	q = buf;
+	for (;;) {
+		p = strchr(q, ' ');
+		if (!p) {
+			ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
+			(*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
+			free(buf);
+			return;
+		} else {
+			*p = '\0';
+			ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
+			(*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
+			q = ++p;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_strategies(const char *string, unsigned attr)
+{
+	struct strategy *list = NULL;
+	int list_alloc = 0, list_nr = 0, i;
+
+	memset(&list, 0, sizeof(list));
+	split_merge_strategies(string, &list, &list_nr, &list_alloc);
+	if (list) {
+		for (i = 0; i < list_nr; i++)
+			append_strategy(get_strategy(list[i].name));
+		return;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
+		if (all_strategy[i].attr & attr)
+			append_strategy(&all_strategy[i]);
+
+}
+
+static int merge_trivial(void)
+{
+	unsigned char result_tree[20], result_commit[20];
+	struct commit_list *parent = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent));
+
+	write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
+	printf("Wonderful.\n");
+	parent->item = lookup_commit(head);
+	parent->next = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent->next));
+	parent->next->item = remoteheads->item;
+	parent->next->next = NULL;
+	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parent, result_commit, NULL);
+	finish(result_commit, "In-index merge");
+	drop_save();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int finish_automerge(struct commit_list *common,
+			    unsigned char *result_tree,
+			    const char *wt_strategy)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, *j;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char result_commit[20];
+
+	free_commit_list(common);
+	if (allow_fast_forward) {
+		parents = remoteheads;
+		commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head), &parents);
+		parents = reduce_heads(parents);
+	} else {
+		struct commit_list **pptr = &parents;
+
+		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head),
+				pptr)->next;
+		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(j->item, pptr)->next;
+	}
+	free_commit_list(remoteheads);
+	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
+	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parents, result_commit, NULL);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by %s.", wt_strategy);
+	finish(result_commit, buf.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	drop_save();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int suggest_conflicts(void)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	int pos;
+
+	fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "a");
+	if (!fp)
+		die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	fprintf(fp, "\nConflicts:\n");
+	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+
+		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+			fprintf(fp, "\t%s\n", ce->name);
+			while (pos + 1 < active_nr &&
+					!strcmp(ce->name,
+						active_cache[pos + 1]->name))
+				pos++;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+	rerere();
+	printf("Automatic merge failed; "
+			"fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static struct commit *is_old_style_invocation(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct commit *second_token = NULL;
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		unsigned char second_sha1[20];
+
+		if (get_sha1(argv[1], second_sha1))
+			return NULL;
+		second_token = lookup_commit_reference_gently(second_sha1, 0);
+		if (!second_token)
+			die("'%s' is not a commit", argv[1]);
+		if (hashcmp(second_token->object.sha1, head))
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	return second_token;
+}
+
+static int evaluate_result(void)
+{
+	int cnt = 0;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+
+	/* Check how many files differ. */
+	init_revisions(&rev, "");
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+	rev.diffopt.output_format |=
+		DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback = count_diff_files;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &cnt;
+	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check how many unmerged entries are
+	 * there.
+	 */
+	cnt += count_unmerged_entries();
+
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	unsigned char result_tree[20];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *head_arg;
+	int flag, head_invalid = 0, i;
+	int best_cnt = -1, merge_was_ok = 0, automerge_was_ok = 0;
+	struct commit_list *common = NULL;
+	const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
+	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
+
+	setup_work_tree();
+	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+		die("You have not concluded your merge. (MERGE_HEAD exists)");
+	if (read_cache_unmerged())
+		die("You are in the middle of a conflicted merge."
+				" (index unmerged)");
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
+	 * current branch.
+	 */
+	branch = resolve_ref("HEAD", head, 0, &flag);
+	if (branch && !prefixcmp(branch, "refs/heads/"))
+		branch += 11;
+	if (is_null_sha1(head))
+		head_invalid = 1;
+
+	git_config(git_merge_config, NULL);
+
+	/* for color.ui */
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
+			builtin_merge_usage, 0);
+	if (verbosity < 0)
+		show_diffstat = 0;
+
+	if (squash) {
+		if (!allow_fast_forward)
+			die("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff.");
+		option_commit = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!argc)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
+			builtin_merge_options);
+
+	/*
+	 * This could be traditional "merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."  and
+	 * the way we can tell it is to see if the second token is HEAD,
+	 * but some people might have misused the interface and used a
+	 * committish that is the same as HEAD there instead.
+	 * Traditional format never would have "-m" so it is an
+	 * additional safety measure to check for it.
+	 */
+
+	if (!have_message && is_old_style_invocation(argc, argv)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&merge_msg, argv[0]);
+		head_arg = argv[1];
+		argv += 2;
+		argc -= 2;
+	} else if (head_invalid) {
+		struct object *remote_head;
+		/*
+		 * If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason
+		 * to forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.
+		 * We do the same for "git pull".
+		 */
+		if (argc != 1)
+			die("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
+				"empty head");
+		if (squash)
+			die("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet");
+		if (!allow_fast_forward)
+			die("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
+			    "an empty head");
+		remote_head = peel_to_type(argv[0], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		if (!remote_head)
+			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[0]);
+		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->sha1, NULL, 0,
+				DIE_ON_ERR);
+		reset_hard(remote_head->sha1, 0);
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		/* We are invoked directly as the first-class UI. */
+		head_arg = "HEAD";
+
+		/*
+		 * All the rest are the commits being merged;
+		 * prepare the standard merge summary message to
+		 * be appended to the given message.  If remote
+		 * is invalid we will die later in the common
+		 * codepath so we discard the error in this
+		 * loop.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+			merge_name(argv[i], &msg);
+		fmt_merge_msg(option_log, &msg, &merge_msg);
+		if (merge_msg.len)
+			strbuf_setlen(&merge_msg, merge_msg.len-1);
+	}
+
+	if (head_invalid || !argc)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
+			builtin_merge_options);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "merge");
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", argv[i]);
+	setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", buf.buf, 0);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		struct object *o;
+		struct commit *commit;
+
+		o = peel_to_type(argv[i], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		if (!o)
+			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[i]);
+		commit = lookup_commit(o->sha1);
+		commit->util = (void *)argv[i];
+		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
+		setenv(buf.buf, argv[i], 1);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+
+	if (!use_strategies) {
+		if (!remoteheads->next)
+			add_strategies(pull_twohead, DEFAULT_TWOHEAD);
+		else
+			add_strategies(pull_octopus, DEFAULT_OCTOPUS);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
+		if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_FAST_FORWARD)
+			allow_fast_forward = 0;
+		if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_TRIVIAL)
+			allow_trivial = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!remoteheads->next)
+		common = get_merge_bases(lookup_commit(head),
+				remoteheads->item, 1);
+	else {
+		struct commit_list *list = remoteheads;
+		commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head), &list);
+		common = get_octopus_merge_bases(list);
+		free(list);
+	}
+
+	update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD", head, NULL, 0,
+		DIE_ON_ERR);
+
+	if (!common)
+		; /* No common ancestors found. We need a real merge. */
+	else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
+			common->item == remoteheads->item) {
+		/*
+		 * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
+		 * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
+		 */
+		finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date.");
+		return 0;
+	} else if (allow_fast_forward && !remoteheads->next &&
+			!common->next &&
+			!hashcmp(common->item->object.sha1, head)) {
+		/* Again the most common case of merging one remote. */
+		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct object *o;
+		char hex[41];
+
+		strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(head, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+		if (verbosity >= 0)
+			printf("Updating %s..%s\n",
+				hex,
+				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
+				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast forward");
+		if (have_message)
+			strbuf_addstr(&msg,
+				" (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
+		o = peel_to_type(sha1_to_hex(remoteheads->item->object.sha1),
+			0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		if (!o)
+			return 1;
+
+		if (checkout_fast_forward(head, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
+			return 1;
+
+		finish(o->sha1, msg.buf);
+		drop_save();
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
+		;
+		/*
+		 * We are not doing octopus and not fast forward.  Need
+		 * a real merge.
+		 */
+	else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next && option_commit) {
+		/*
+		 * We are not doing octopus, not fast forward, and have
+		 * only one common.
+		 */
+		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+		if (allow_trivial) {
+			/* See if it is really trivial. */
+			git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+			printf("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n");
+			if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.sha1,
+					head, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
+				return merge_trivial();
+			printf("Nope.\n");
+		}
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * An octopus.  If we can reach all the remote we are up
+		 * to date.
+		 */
+		int up_to_date = 1;
+		struct commit_list *j;
+
+		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
+			struct commit_list *common_one;
+
+			/*
+			 * Here we *have* to calculate the individual
+			 * merge_bases again, otherwise "git merge HEAD^
+			 * HEAD^^" would be missed.
+			 */
+			common_one = get_merge_bases(lookup_commit(head),
+				j->item, 1);
+			if (hashcmp(common_one->item->object.sha1,
+				j->item->object.sha1)) {
+				up_to_date = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (up_to_date) {
+			finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* We are going to make a new commit. */
+	git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, we need a real merge.  No matter what strategy
+	 * we use, it would operate on the index, possibly affecting the
+	 * working tree, and when resolved cleanly, have the desired
+	 * tree in the index -- this means that the index must be in
+	 * sync with the head commit.  The strategies are responsible
+	 * to ensure this.
+	 */
+	if (use_strategies_nr != 1) {
+		/*
+		 * Stash away the local changes so that we can try more
+		 * than one.
+		 */
+		save_state();
+	} else {
+		memcpy(stash, null_sha1, 20);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
+		int ret;
+		if (i) {
+			printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+			restore_state();
+		}
+		if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
+			printf("Trying merge strategy %s...\n",
+				use_strategies[i]->name);
+		/*
+		 * Remember which strategy left the state in the working
+		 * tree.
+		 */
+		wt_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
+
+		ret = try_merge_strategy(use_strategies[i]->name,
+			common, head_arg);
+		if (!option_commit && !ret) {
+			merge_was_ok = 1;
+			/*
+			 * This is necessary here just to avoid writing
+			 * the tree, but later we will *not* exit with
+			 * status code 1 because merge_was_ok is set.
+			 */
+			ret = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (ret) {
+			/*
+			 * The backend exits with 1 when conflicts are
+			 * left to be resolved, with 2 when it does not
+			 * handle the given merge at all.
+			 */
+			if (ret == 1) {
+				int cnt = evaluate_result();
+
+				if (best_cnt <= 0 || cnt <= best_cnt) {
+					best_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
+					best_cnt = cnt;
+				}
+			}
+			if (merge_was_ok)
+				break;
+			else
+				continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Automerge succeeded. */
+		write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
+		automerge_was_ok = 1;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
+	 * auto resolved the merge cleanly.
+	 */
+	if (automerge_was_ok)
+		return finish_automerge(common, result_tree, wt_strategy);
+
+	/*
+	 * Pick the result from the best strategy and have the user fix
+	 * it up.
+	 */
+	if (!best_strategy) {
+		restore_state();
+		if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"No merge strategy handled the merge.\n");
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr, "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n",
+				use_strategies[0]->name);
+		return 2;
+	} else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
+		; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
+	else {
+		printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+		restore_state();
+		printf("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n",
+			best_strategy);
+		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, head_arg);
+	}
+
+	if (squash)
+		finish(NULL, NULL);
+	else {
+		int fd;
+		struct commit_list *j;
+
+		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
+		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+		close(fd);
+		strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
+		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+		if (write_in_full(fd, merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len) !=
+			merge_msg.len)
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+		close(fd);
+		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		if (!allow_fast_forward)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
+		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	if (merge_was_ok) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Automatic merge went well; "
+			"stopped before committing as requested\n");
+		return 0;
+	} else
+		return suggest_conflicts();
+}
diff --git a/builtin-mktree.c b/builtin-mktree.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..098395fda1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-mktree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+/*
+ * GIT - the stupid content tracker
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) Junio C Hamano, 2006, 2009
+ */
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static struct treeent {
+	unsigned mode;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int len;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} **entries;
+static int alloc, used;
+
+static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, unsigned char *sha1, char *path)
+{
+	struct treeent *ent;
+	int len = strlen(path);
+	if (strchr(path, '/'))
+		die("path %s contains slash", path);
+
+	if (alloc <= used) {
+		alloc = alloc_nr(used);
+		entries = xrealloc(entries, sizeof(*entries) * alloc);
+	}
+	ent = entries[used++] = xmalloc(sizeof(**entries) + len + 1);
+	ent->mode = mode;
+	ent->len = len;
+	hashcpy(ent->sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ent->name, path, len+1);
+}
+
+static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct treeent *a = *(struct treeent **)a_;
+	struct treeent *b = *(struct treeent **)b_;
+	return base_name_compare(a->name, a->len, a->mode,
+				 b->name, b->len, b->mode);
+}
+
+static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	size_t size;
+	int i;
+
+	qsort(entries, used, sizeof(*entries), ent_compare);
+	for (size = i = 0; i < used; i++)
+		size += 32 + entries[i]->len;
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, size);
+	for (i = 0; i < used; i++) {
+		struct treeent *ent = entries[i];
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%o %s%c", ent->mode, ent->name, '\0');
+		strbuf_add(&buf, ent->sha1, 20);
+	}
+
+	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
+}
+
+static const char *mktree_usage[] = {
+	"git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_missing)
+{
+	char *ptr, *ntr;
+	unsigned mode;
+	enum object_type mode_type; /* object type derived from mode */
+	enum object_type obj_type; /* object type derived from sha */
+	char *path;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	ptr = buf;
+	/*
+	 * Read non-recursive ls-tree output format:
+	 *     mode SP type SP sha1 TAB name
+	 */
+	mode = strtoul(ptr, &ntr, 8);
+	if (ptr == ntr || !ntr || *ntr != ' ')
+		die("input format error: %s", buf);
+	ptr = ntr + 1; /* type */
+	ntr = strchr(ptr, ' ');
+	if (!ntr || buf + len <= ntr + 40 ||
+	    ntr[41] != '\t' ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(ntr + 1, sha1))
+		die("input format error: %s", buf);
+
+	/* It is perfectly normal if we do not have a commit from a submodule */
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+		allow_missing = 1;
+
+
+	*ntr++ = 0; /* now at the beginning of SHA1 */
+
+	path = ntr + 41;  /* at the beginning of name */
+	if (line_termination && path[0] == '"') {
+		struct strbuf p_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (unquote_c_style(&p_uq, path, NULL))
+			die("invalid quoting");
+		path = strbuf_detach(&p_uq, NULL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Object type is redundantly derivable three ways.
+	 * These should all agree.
+	 */
+	mode_type = object_type(mode);
+	if (mode_type != type_from_string(ptr)) {
+		die("entry '%s' object type (%s) doesn't match mode type (%s)",
+			path, ptr, typename(mode_type));
+	}
+
+	/* Check the type of object identified by sha1 */
+	obj_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (obj_type < 0) {
+		if (allow_missing) {
+			; /* no problem - missing objects are presumed to be of the right type */
+		} else {
+			die("entry '%s' object %s is unavailable", path, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (obj_type != mode_type) {
+			/*
+			 * The object exists but is of the wrong type.
+			 * This is a problem regardless of allow_missing
+			 * because the new tree entry will never be correct.
+			 */
+			die("entry '%s' object %s is a %s but specified type was (%s)",
+				path, sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj_type), typename(mode_type));
+		}
+	}
+
+	append_to_tree(mode, sha1, path);
+}
+
+int cmd_mktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int line_termination = '\n';
+	int allow_missing = 0;
+	int is_batch_mode = 0;
+	int got_eof = 0;
+
+	const struct option option[] = {
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination, "input is NUL terminated", '\0'),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "missing", &allow_missing, "allow missing objects", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "batch", &is_batch_mode, "allow creation of more than one tree", 1),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, option, mktree_usage, 0);
+
+	while (!got_eof) {
+		while (1) {
+			if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, line_termination) == EOF) {
+				got_eof = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			if (sb.buf[0] == '\0') {
+				/* empty lines denote tree boundaries in batch mode */
+				if (is_batch_mode)
+					break;
+				die("input format error: (blank line only valid in batch mode)");
+			}
+			mktree_line(sb.buf, sb.len, line_termination, allow_missing);
+		}
+		if (is_batch_mode && got_eof && used < 1) {
+			/*
+			 * Execution gets here if the last tree entry is terminated with a
+			 * new-line.  The final new-line has been made optional to be
+			 * consistent with the original non-batch behaviour of mktree.
+			 */
+			; /* skip creating an empty tree */
+		} else {
+			write_tree(sha1);
+			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			fflush(stdout);
+		}
+		used=0; /* reset tree entry buffer for re-use in batch mode */
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	exit(0);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-mv.c b/builtin-mv.c
index 3563216aca..b592c367b2 100644
--- a/builtin-mv.c
+++ b/builtin-mv.c
@@ -7,10 +7,13 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char builtin_mv_usage[] =
-"git-mv [-n] [-f] (<source> <destination> | [-k] <source>... <destination>)";
+static const char * const builtin_mv_usage[] = {
+	"git mv [options] <source>... <destination>",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static const char **copy_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec,
 				  int count, int base_name)
@@ -21,32 +24,14 @@ static const char **copy_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec,
 	result[count] = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		int length = strlen(result[i]);
-		if (length > 0 && result[i][length - 1] == '/') {
-			char *without_slash = xmalloc(length);
-			memcpy(without_slash, result[i], length - 1);
-			without_slash[length - 1] = '\0';
-			result[i] = without_slash;
-		}
-		if (base_name) {
-			const char *last_slash = strrchr(result[i], '/');
-			if (last_slash)
-				result[i] = last_slash + 1;
-		}
+		if (length > 0 && is_dir_sep(result[i][length - 1]))
+			result[i] = xmemdupz(result[i], length - 1);
+		if (base_name)
+			result[i] = basename((char *)result[i]);
 	}
 	return get_pathspec(prefix, result);
 }
 
-static void show_list(const char *label, struct path_list *list)
-{
-	if (list->nr > 0) {
-		int i;
-		printf("%s", label);
-		for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
-			printf("%s%s", i > 0 ? ", " : "", list->items[i].path);
-		putchar('\n');
-	}
-}
-
 static const char *add_slash(const char *path)
 {
 	int len = strlen(path);
@@ -64,69 +49,49 @@ static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
 int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, newfd, count;
+	int i, newfd;
 	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, force = 0, ignore_errors = 0;
+	struct option builtin_mv_options[] = {
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, "skip move/rename errors"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 	const char **source, **destination, **dest_path;
 	enum update_mode { BOTH = 0, WORKING_DIRECTORY, INDEX } *modes;
 	struct stat st;
-	struct path_list overwritten = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
-	struct path_list src_for_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
-	struct path_list added = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
-	struct path_list deleted = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
-	struct path_list changed = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
+	struct string_list src_for_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-n")) {
-			show_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-f")) {
-			force = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-k")) {
-			ignore_errors = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(builtin_mv_usage);
-	}
-	count = argc - i - 1;
-	if (count < 1)
-		usage(builtin_mv_usage);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_mv_options,
+			     builtin_mv_usage, 0);
+	if (--argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
 
-	source = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv + i, count, 0);
-	modes = xcalloc(count, sizeof(enum update_mode));
-	dest_path = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv + argc - 1, 1, 0);
+	source = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
+	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));
+	dest_path = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv + argc, 1, 0);
 
 	if (dest_path[0][0] == '\0')
 		/* special case: "." was normalized to "" */
-		destination = copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv + i, count, 1);
+		destination = copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, 1);
 	else if (!lstat(dest_path[0], &st) &&
 			S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 		dest_path[0] = add_slash(dest_path[0]);
-		destination = copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv + i, count, 1);
+		destination = copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, 1);
 	} else {
-		if (count != 1)
-			usage(builtin_mv_usage);
+		if (argc != 1)
+			usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
 		destination = dest_path;
 	}
 
 	/* Checking */
-	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *src = source[i], *dst = destination[i];
 		int length, src_is_dir;
 		const char *bad = NULL;
@@ -170,61 +135,61 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 				if (last - first > 0) {
 					source = xrealloc(source,
-							(count + last - first)
+							(argc + last - first)
 							* sizeof(char *));
 					destination = xrealloc(destination,
-							(count + last - first)
+							(argc + last - first)
 							* sizeof(char *));
 					modes = xrealloc(modes,
-							(count + last - first)
+							(argc + last - first)
 							* sizeof(enum update_mode));
 				}
 
 				dst = add_slash(dst);
-				dst_len = strlen(dst) - 1;
+				dst_len = strlen(dst);
 
 				for (j = 0; j < last - first; j++) {
 					const char *path =
 						active_cache[first + j]->name;
-					source[count + j] = path;
-					destination[count + j] =
+					source[argc + j] = path;
+					destination[argc + j] =
 						prefix_path(dst, dst_len,
-							path + length);
-					modes[count + j] = INDEX;
+							path + length + 1);
+					modes[argc + j] = INDEX;
 				}
-				count += last - first;
+				argc += last - first;
 			}
-		} else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
+		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
+			bad = "not under version control";
+		else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
 			bad = "destination exists";
 			if (force) {
 				/*
 				 * only files can overwrite each other:
 				 * check both source and destination
 				 */
-				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
 					fprintf(stderr, "Warning: %s;"
 							" will overwrite!\n",
 							bad);
 					bad = NULL;
-					path_list_insert(dst, &overwritten);
 				} else
 					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
 			}
-		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
-			bad = "not under version control";
-		else if (path_list_has_path(&src_for_dst, dst))
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
 			bad = "multiple sources for the same target";
 		else
-			path_list_insert(dst, &src_for_dst);
+			string_list_insert(dst, &src_for_dst);
 
 		if (bad) {
 			if (ignore_errors) {
-				if (--count > 0) {
+				if (--argc > 0) {
 					memmove(source + i, source + i + 1,
-						(count - i) * sizeof(char *));
+						(argc - i) * sizeof(char *));
 					memmove(destination + i,
 						destination + i + 1,
-						(count - i) * sizeof(char *));
+						(argc - i) * sizeof(char *));
+					i--;
 				}
 			} else
 				die ("%s, source=%s, destination=%s",
@@ -232,62 +197,29 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *src = source[i], *dst = destination[i];
 		enum update_mode mode = modes[i];
+		int pos;
 		if (show_only || verbose)
 			printf("Renaming %s to %s\n", src, dst);
 		if (!show_only && mode != INDEX &&
 				rename(src, dst) < 0 && !ignore_errors)
-			die ("renaming %s failed: %s", src, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno ("renaming '%s' failed", src);
 
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
 
-		if (cache_name_pos(src, strlen(src)) >= 0) {
-			path_list_insert(src, &deleted);
-
-			/* destination can be a directory with 1 file inside */
-			if (path_list_has_path(&overwritten, dst))
-				path_list_insert(dst, &changed);
-			else
-				path_list_insert(dst, &added);
-		} else
-			path_list_insert(dst, &added);
+		pos = cache_name_pos(src, strlen(src));
+		assert(pos >= 0);
+		if (!show_only)
+			rename_cache_entry_at(pos, dst);
 	}
 
-        if (show_only) {
-		show_list("Changed  : ", &changed);
-		show_list("Adding   : ", &added);
-		show_list("Deleting : ", &deleted);
-	} else {
-		for (i = 0; i < changed.nr; i++) {
-			const char *path = changed.items[i].path;
-			int j = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
-			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[j];
-
-			if (j < 0)
-				die ("Huh? Cache entry for %s unknown?", path);
-			refresh_cache_entry(ce, 0);
-		}
-
-		for (i = 0; i < added.nr; i++) {
-			const char *path = added.items[i].path;
-			add_file_to_cache(path, verbose);
-		}
-
-		for (i = 0; i < deleted.nr; i++) {
-			const char *path = deleted.items[i].path;
-			remove_file_from_cache(path);
-			cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
-		}
-
-		if (active_cache_changed) {
-			if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-			    close(newfd) ||
-			    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-				die("Unable to write new index file");
-		}
+	if (active_cache_changed) {
+		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
+			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin-name-rev.c b/builtin-name-rev.c
index c022224361..06a38ac8c1 100644
--- a/builtin-name-rev.c
+++ b/builtin-name-rev.c
@@ -3,20 +3,23 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char name_rev_usage[] =
-	"git-name-rev [--tags | --refs=<pattern>] ( --all | --stdin | committish [committish...] )\n";
+#define CUTOFF_DATE_SLOP 86400 /* one day */
 
 typedef struct rev_name {
 	const char *tip_name;
-	int merge_traversals;
 	int generation;
+	int distance;
 } rev_name;
 
 static long cutoff = LONG_MAX;
 
+/* How many generations are maximally preferred over _one_ merge traversal? */
+#define MERGE_TRAVERSAL_WEIGHT 65535
+
 static void name_rev(struct commit *commit,
-		const char *tip_name, int merge_traversals, int generation,
+		const char *tip_name, int generation, int distance,
 		int deref)
 {
 	struct rev_name *name = (struct rev_name *)commit->util;
@@ -43,13 +46,11 @@ static void name_rev(struct commit *commit,
 		name = xmalloc(sizeof(rev_name));
 		commit->util = name;
 		goto copy_data;
-	} else if (name->merge_traversals > merge_traversals ||
-			(name->merge_traversals == merge_traversals &&
-			 name->generation > generation)) {
+	} else if (name->distance > distance) {
 copy_data:
 		name->tip_name = tip_name;
-		name->merge_traversals = merge_traversals;
 		name->generation = generation;
+		name->distance = distance;
 	} else
 		return;
 
@@ -58,7 +59,10 @@ copy_data:
 			parents = parents->next, parent_number++) {
 		if (parent_number > 1) {
 			int len = strlen(tip_name);
-			char *new_name = xmalloc(len + 8);
+			char *new_name = xmalloc(len +
+				1 + decimal_length(generation) +  /* ~<n> */
+				1 + 2 +				  /* ^NN */
+				1);
 
 			if (len > 2 && !strcmp(tip_name + len - 2, "^0"))
 				len -= 2;
@@ -69,17 +73,18 @@ copy_data:
 				sprintf(new_name, "%.*s^%d", len, tip_name,
 						parent_number);
 
-			name_rev(parents->item, new_name,
-				merge_traversals + 1 , 0, 0);
+			name_rev(parents->item, new_name, 0,
+				distance + MERGE_TRAVERSAL_WEIGHT, 0);
 		} else {
-			name_rev(parents->item, tip_name, merge_traversals,
-				generation + 1, 0);
+			name_rev(parents->item, tip_name, generation + 1,
+				distance + 1, 0);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 struct name_ref_data {
 	int tags_only;
+	int name_only;
 	const char *ref_filter;
 };
 
@@ -107,6 +112,10 @@ static int name_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void
 
 		if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/heads/"))
 			path = path + 11;
+		else if (data->tags_only
+		    && data->name_only
+		    && !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/"))
+			path = path + 10;
 		else if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/"))
 			path = path + 5;
 
@@ -116,18 +125,18 @@ static int name_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void
 }
 
 /* returns a static buffer */
-static const char* get_rev_name(struct object *o)
+static const char *get_rev_name(const struct object *o)
 {
 	static char buffer[1024];
 	struct rev_name *n;
 	struct commit *c;
 
 	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return "undefined";
+		return NULL;
 	c = (struct commit *) o;
 	n = c->util;
 	if (!n)
-		return "undefined";
+		return NULL;
 
 	if (!n->generation)
 		return n->tip_name;
@@ -142,48 +151,106 @@ static const char* get_rev_name(struct object *o)
 	}
 }
 
-int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static void show_name(const struct object *obj,
+		      const char *caller_name,
+		      int always, int allow_undefined, int name_only)
 {
-	struct object_array revs = { 0, 0, NULL };
-	int as_is = 0, all = 0, transform_stdin = 0;
-	struct name_ref_data data = { 0, NULL };
+	const char *name;
+	const unsigned char *sha1 = obj->sha1;
+
+	if (!name_only)
+		printf("%s ", caller_name ? caller_name : sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	name = get_rev_name(obj);
+	if (name)
+		printf("%s\n", name);
+	else if (allow_undefined)
+		printf("undefined\n");
+	else if (always)
+		printf("%s\n", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	else
+		die("cannot describe '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+}
+
+static char const * const name_rev_usage[] = {
+	"git name-rev [options] ( --all | --stdin | <commit>... )",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static void name_rev_line(char *p, struct name_ref_data *data)
+{
+	int forty = 0;
+	char *p_start;
+	for (p_start = p; *p; p++) {
+#define ishex(x) (isdigit((x)) || ((x) >= 'a' && (x) <= 'f'))
+		if (!ishex(*p))
+			forty = 0;
+		else if (++forty == 40 &&
+			 !ishex(*(p+1))) {
+			unsigned char sha1[40];
+			const char *name = NULL;
+			char c = *(p+1);
+			int p_len = p - p_start + 1;
+
+			forty = 0;
+
+			*(p+1) = 0;
+			if (!get_sha1(p - 39, sha1)) {
+				struct object *o =
+					lookup_object(sha1);
+				if (o)
+					name = get_rev_name(o);
+			}
+			*(p+1) = c;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+			if (!name)
+				continue;
 
-	if (argc < 2)
-		usage(name_rev_usage);
+			if (data->name_only)
+				printf("%.*s%s", p_len - 40, p_start, name);
+			else
+				printf("%.*s (%s)", p_len, p_start, name);
+			p_start = p + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* flush */
+	if (p_start != p)
+		fwrite(p_start, p - p_start, 1, stdout);
+}
+
+int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct object_array revs = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	int all = 0, transform_stdin = 0, allow_undefined = 1, always = 0;
+	struct name_ref_data data = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	struct option opts[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &data.name_only, "print only names (no SHA-1)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &data.tags_only, "only use tags to name the commits"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "refs", &data.ref_filter, "pattern",
+				   "only use refs matching <pattern>"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all", &all, "list all commits reachable from all refs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &transform_stdin, "read from stdin"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "undefined", &allow_undefined, "allow to print `undefined` names"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "always",     &always,
+			   "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, name_rev_usage, 0);
+	if (!!all + !!transform_stdin + !!argc > 1) {
+		error("Specify either a list, or --all, not both!");
+		usage_with_options(name_rev_usage, opts);
+	}
+	if (all || transform_stdin)
+		cutoff = 0;
 
-	for (--argc, ++argv; argc; --argc, ++argv) {
+	for (; argc; argc--, argv++) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		struct object *o;
 		struct commit *commit;
 
-		if (!as_is && (*argv)[0] == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp(*argv, "--")) {
-				as_is = 1;
-				continue;
-			} else if (!strcmp(*argv, "--tags")) {
-				data.tags_only = 1;
-				continue;
-			} else  if (!prefixcmp(*argv, "--refs=")) {
-				data.ref_filter = *argv + 7;
-				continue;
-			} else if (!strcmp(*argv, "--all")) {
-				if (argc > 1)
-					die("Specify either a list, or --all, not both!");
-				all = 1;
-				cutoff = 0;
-				continue;
-			} else if (!strcmp(*argv, "--stdin")) {
-				if (argc > 1)
-					die("Specify either a list, or --stdin, not both!");
-				transform_stdin = 1;
-				cutoff = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(name_rev_usage);
-		}
-
 		if (get_sha1(*argv, sha1)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not get sha1 for %s. Skipping.\n",
 					*argv);
@@ -198,78 +265,41 @@ int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 
 		commit = (struct commit *)o;
-
 		if (cutoff > commit->date)
 			cutoff = commit->date;
-
 		add_object_array((struct object *)commit, *argv, &revs);
 	}
 
+	if (cutoff)
+		cutoff = cutoff - CUTOFF_DATE_SLOP;
 	for_each_ref(name_ref, &data);
 
 	if (transform_stdin) {
 		char buffer[2048];
-		char *p, *p_start;
 
 		while (!feof(stdin)) {
-			int forty = 0;
-			p = fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin);
+			char *p = fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin);
 			if (!p)
 				break;
-
-			for (p_start = p; *p; p++) {
-#define ishex(x) (isdigit((x)) || ((x) >= 'a' && (x) <= 'f'))
-				if (!ishex(*p))
-					forty = 0;
-				else if (++forty == 40 &&
-						!ishex(*(p+1))) {
-					unsigned char sha1[40];
-					const char *name = "undefined";
-					char c = *(p+1);
-
-					forty = 0;
-
-					*(p+1) = 0;
-					if (!get_sha1(p - 39, sha1)) {
-						struct object *o =
-							lookup_object(sha1);
-						if (o)
-							name = get_rev_name(o);
-					}
-					*(p+1) = c;
-
-					if (!strcmp(name, "undefined"))
-						continue;
-
-					fwrite(p_start, p - p_start + 1, 1,
-					       stdout);
-					printf(" (%s)", name);
-					p_start = p + 1;
-				}
-			}
-
-			/* flush */
-			if (p_start != p)
-				fwrite(p_start, p - p_start, 1, stdout);
+			name_rev_line(p, &data);
 		}
 	} else if (all) {
 		int i, max;
 
 		max = get_max_object_index();
 		for (i = 0; i < max; i++) {
-			struct object * obj = get_indexed_object(i);
+			struct object *obj = get_indexed_object(i);
 			if (!obj)
 				continue;
-			printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), get_rev_name(obj));
+			show_name(obj, NULL,
+				  always, allow_undefined, data.name_only);
 		}
 	} else {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < revs.nr; i++)
-			printf("%s %s\n",
-				revs.objects[i].name,
-				get_rev_name(revs.objects[i].item));
+			show_name(revs.objects[i].item, revs.objects[i].name,
+				  always, allow_undefined, data.name_only);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/builtin-pack-objects.c b/builtin-pack-objects.c
index 45ac3e482a..ef4bf6bc14 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-objects.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -7,43 +8,52 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "pack.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+#ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include <pthread.h>
+#endif
 
 static const char pack_usage[] = "\
-git-pack-objects [{ -q | --progress | --all-progress }] \n\
-	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] \n\
-	[--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty] \n\
-	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--reflog] [--stdout | base-name] \n\
+git pack-objects [{ -q | --progress | --all-progress }] \n\
+	[--max-pack-size=N] [--local] [--incremental] \n\
+	[--window=N] [--window-memory=N] [--depth=N] \n\
+	[--no-reuse-delta] [--no-reuse-object] [--delta-base-offset] \n\
+	[--threads=N] [--non-empty] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--reflog] \n\
+	[--stdout | base-name] [--include-tag] \n\
+	[--keep-unreachable | --unpack-unreachable] \n\
 	[<ref-list | <object-list]";
 
 struct object_entry {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
 	unsigned long size;	/* uncompressed size */
-	off_t offset;	/* offset into the final pack file;
-				 * nonzero if already written.
-				 */
-	unsigned int depth;	/* delta depth */
-	unsigned int delta_limit;	/* base adjustment for in-pack delta */
-	unsigned int hash;	/* name hint hash */
-	enum object_type type;
-	enum object_type in_pack_type;	/* could be delta */
-	unsigned long delta_size;	/* delta data size (uncompressed) */
-#define in_pack_header_size delta_size	/* only when reusing pack data */
-	struct object_entry *delta;	/* delta base object */
 	struct packed_git *in_pack; 	/* already in pack */
 	off_t in_pack_offset;
+	struct object_entry *delta;	/* delta base object */
 	struct object_entry *delta_child; /* deltified objects who bases me */
 	struct object_entry *delta_sibling; /* other deltified objects who
 					     * uses the same base as me
 					     */
-	int preferred_base;	/* we do not pack this, but is encouraged to
-				 * be used as the base objectto delta huge
-				 * objects against.
-				 */
+	void *delta_data;	/* cached delta (uncompressed) */
+	unsigned long delta_size;	/* delta data size (uncompressed) */
+	unsigned long z_delta_size;	/* delta data size (compressed) */
+	unsigned int hash;	/* name hint hash */
+	enum object_type type;
+	enum object_type in_pack_type;	/* could be delta */
+	unsigned char in_pack_header_size;
+	unsigned char preferred_base; /* we do not pack this, but is available
+				       * to be used as the base object to delta
+				       * objects against.
+				       */
+	unsigned char no_try_delta;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -51,196 +61,96 @@ struct object_entry {
  * expanded).  nr_objects & nr_alloc controls this array.  They are stored
  * in the order we see -- typically rev-list --objects order that gives us
  * nice "minimum seek" order.
- *
- * sorted-by-sha ans sorted-by-type are arrays of pointers that point at
- * elements in the objects array.  The former is used to build the pack
- * index (lists object names in the ascending order to help offset lookup),
- * and the latter is used to group similar things together by try_delta()
- * heuristics.
  */
+static struct object_entry *objects;
+static struct pack_idx_entry **written_list;
+static uint32_t nr_objects, nr_alloc, nr_result, nr_written;
 
-static unsigned char object_list_sha1[20];
 static int non_empty;
-static int no_reuse_delta;
+static int reuse_delta = 1, reuse_object = 1;
+static int keep_unreachable, unpack_unreachable, include_tag;
 static int local;
 static int incremental;
+static int ignore_packed_keep;
 static int allow_ofs_delta;
-
-static struct object_entry **sorted_by_sha, **sorted_by_type;
-static struct object_entry *objects;
-static uint32_t nr_objects, nr_alloc, nr_result;
 static const char *base_name;
-static unsigned char pack_file_sha1[20];
 static int progress = 1;
-static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
 static int window = 10;
+static uint32_t pack_size_limit, pack_size_limit_cfg;
+static int depth = 50;
+static int delta_search_threads;
 static int pack_to_stdout;
 static int num_preferred_base;
+static struct progress *progress_state;
+static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+static int pack_compression_seen;
+
+static unsigned long delta_cache_size = 0;
+static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = 0;
+static unsigned long cache_max_small_delta_size = 1000;
+
+static unsigned long window_memory_limit = 0;
 
 /*
  * The object names in objects array are hashed with this hashtable,
- * to help looking up the entry by object name.  Binary search from
- * sorted_by_sha is also possible but this was easier to code and faster.
+ * to help looking up the entry by object name.
  * This hashtable is built after all the objects are seen.
  */
 static int *object_ix;
 static int object_ix_hashsz;
 
 /*
- * Pack index for existing packs give us easy access to the offsets into
- * corresponding pack file where each object's data starts, but the entries
- * do not store the size of the compressed representation (uncompressed
- * size is easily available by examining the pack entry header).  It is
- * also rather expensive to find the sha1 for an object given its offset.
- *
- * We build a hashtable of existing packs (pack_revindex), and keep reverse
- * index here -- pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset;
- * this pack_revindex[].revindex array is a list of offset/index_nr pairs
- * ordered by offset, so if you know the offset of an object, next offset
- * is where its packed representation ends and the index_nr can be used to
- * get the object sha1 from the main index.
- */
-struct revindex_entry {
-	off_t offset;
-	unsigned int nr;
-};
-struct pack_revindex {
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
-};
-static struct  pack_revindex *pack_revindex;
-static int pack_revindex_hashsz;
-
-/*
  * stats
  */
 static uint32_t written, written_delta;
 static uint32_t reused, reused_delta;
 
-static int pack_revindex_ix(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	unsigned long ui = (unsigned long)p;
-	int i;
 
-	ui = ui ^ (ui >> 16); /* defeat structure alignment */
-	i = (int)(ui % pack_revindex_hashsz);
-	while (pack_revindex[i].p) {
-		if (pack_revindex[i].p == p)
-			return i;
-		if (++i == pack_revindex_hashsz)
-			i = 0;
-	}
-	return -1 - i;
-}
-
-static void prepare_pack_ix(void)
+static void *get_delta(struct object_entry *entry)
 {
-	int num;
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	for (num = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		num++;
-	if (!num)
-		return;
-	pack_revindex_hashsz = num * 11;
-	pack_revindex = xcalloc(sizeof(*pack_revindex), pack_revindex_hashsz);
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
-		num = - 1 - num;
-		pack_revindex[num].p = p;
-	}
-	/* revindex elements are lazily initialized */
-}
-
-static int cmp_offset(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	const struct revindex_entry *a = a_;
-	const struct revindex_entry *b = b_;
-	return (a->offset < b->offset) ? -1 : (a->offset > b->offset) ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Ordered list of offsets of objects in the pack.
- */
-static void prepare_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p = rix->p;
-	int num_ent = num_packed_objects(p);
-	int i;
-	const char *index = p->index_data;
-
-	index += 4 * 256;
-	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(*rix->revindex) * (num_ent + 1));
-	for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
-		uint32_t hl = *((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * i));
-		rix->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
-		rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
-	}
-	/* This knows the pack format -- the 20-byte trailer
-	 * follows immediately after the last object data.
-	 */
-	rix->revindex[num_ent].offset = p->pack_size - 20;
-	rix->revindex[num_ent].nr = -1;
-	qsort(rix->revindex, num_ent, sizeof(*rix->revindex), cmp_offset);
-}
-
-static struct revindex_entry * find_packed_object(struct packed_git *p,
-						  off_t ofs)
-{
-	int num;
-	int lo, hi;
-	struct pack_revindex *rix;
-	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
-	num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
-	if (num < 0)
-		die("internal error: pack revindex uninitialized");
-	rix = &pack_revindex[num];
-	if (!rix->revindex)
-		prepare_pack_revindex(rix);
-	revindex = rix->revindex;
-	lo = 0;
-	hi = num_packed_objects(p) + 1;
-	do {
-		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		if (revindex[mi].offset == ofs) {
-			return revindex + mi;
-		}
-		else if (ofs < revindex[mi].offset)
-			hi = mi;
-		else
-			lo = mi + 1;
-	} while (lo < hi);
-	die("internal error: pack revindex corrupt");
-}
-
-static off_t find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs)
-{
-	struct revindex_entry *entry = find_packed_object(p, ofs);
-	return entry[1].offset - ofs;
-}
+	unsigned long size, base_size, delta_size;
+	void *buf, *base_buf, *delta_buf;
+	enum object_type type;
 
-static const unsigned char *find_packed_object_name(struct packed_git *p,
-						    off_t ofs)
-{
-	struct revindex_entry *entry = find_packed_object(p, ofs);
-	return nth_packed_object_sha1(p, entry->nr);
+	buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+	base_buf = read_sha1_file(entry->delta->idx.sha1, &type, &base_size);
+	if (!base_buf)
+		die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->delta->idx.sha1));
+	delta_buf = diff_delta(base_buf, base_size,
+			       buf, size, &delta_size, 0);
+	if (!delta_buf || delta_size != entry->delta_size)
+		die("delta size changed");
+	free(buf);
+	free(base_buf);
+	return delta_buf;
 }
 
-static void *delta_against(void *buf, unsigned long size, struct object_entry *entry)
+static unsigned long do_compress(void **pptr, unsigned long size)
 {
-	unsigned long othersize, delta_size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *otherbuf = read_sha1_file(entry->delta->sha1, &type, &othersize);
-	void *delta_buf;
+	z_stream stream;
+	void *in, *out;
+	unsigned long maxsize;
 
-	if (!otherbuf)
-		die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->delta->sha1));
-        delta_buf = diff_delta(otherbuf, othersize,
-			       buf, size, &delta_size, 0);
-        if (!delta_buf || delta_size != entry->delta_size)
-        	die("delta size changed");
-        free(buf);
-        free(otherbuf);
-	return delta_buf;
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	deflateInit(&stream, pack_compression_level);
+	maxsize = deflateBound(&stream, size);
+
+	in = *pptr;
+	out = xmalloc(maxsize);
+	*pptr = out;
+
+	stream.next_in = in;
+	stream.avail_in = size;
+	stream.next_out = out;
+	stream.avail_out = maxsize;
+	while (deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH) == Z_OK)
+		; /* nothing */
+	deflateEnd(&stream);
+
+	free(in);
+	return stream.total_out;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -285,16 +195,16 @@ static int check_pack_inflate(struct packed_git *p,
 	int st;
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	do {
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &stream.avail_in);
 		stream.next_in = in;
 		stream.next_out = fakebuf;
 		stream.avail_out = sizeof(fakebuf);
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
 		offset += stream.next_in - in;
 	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return (st == Z_STREAM_END &&
 		stream.total_out == expect &&
 		stream.total_in == len) ? 0 : -1;
@@ -319,74 +229,54 @@ static void copy_pack_data(struct sha1file *f,
 	}
 }
 
-static int check_loose_inflate(unsigned char *data, unsigned long len, unsigned long expect)
-{
-	z_stream stream;
-	unsigned char fakebuf[4096];
-	int st;
-
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	stream.next_in = data;
-	stream.avail_in = len;
-	stream.next_out = fakebuf;
-	stream.avail_out = sizeof(fakebuf);
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-
-	while (1) {
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-		if (st == Z_STREAM_END || st == Z_OK) {
-			st = (stream.total_out == expect &&
-			      stream.total_in == len) ? 0 : -1;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (st != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
-			st = -1;
-			break;
-		}
-		stream.next_out = fakebuf;
-		stream.avail_out = sizeof(fakebuf);
-	}
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
-	return st;
-}
-
-static int revalidate_loose_object(struct object_entry *entry,
-				   unsigned char *map,
-				   unsigned long mapsize)
+static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
+				  struct object_entry *entry,
+				  off_t write_offset)
 {
-	/* we already know this is a loose object with new type header. */
+	unsigned long size, limit, datalen;
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
+	unsigned hdrlen;
 	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned long size, used;
+	int usable_delta, to_reuse;
 
-	if (pack_to_stdout)
-		return 0;
+	if (!pack_to_stdout)
+		crc32_begin(f);
 
-	used = unpack_object_header_gently(map, mapsize, &type, &size);
-	if (!used)
-		return -1;
-	map += used;
-	mapsize -= used;
-	return check_loose_inflate(map, mapsize, size);
-}
+	type = entry->type;
 
-static off_t write_object(struct sha1file *f,
-				  struct object_entry *entry)
-{
-	unsigned long size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buf;
-	unsigned char header[10];
-	unsigned hdrlen;
-	off_t datalen;
-	enum object_type obj_type;
-	int to_reuse = 0;
+	/* write limit if limited packsize and not first object */
+	if (!pack_size_limit || !nr_written)
+		limit = 0;
+	else if (pack_size_limit <= write_offset)
+		/*
+		 * the earlier object did not fit the limit; avoid
+		 * mistaking this with unlimited (i.e. limit = 0).
+		 */
+		limit = 1;
+	else
+		limit = pack_size_limit - write_offset;
+
+	if (!entry->delta)
+		usable_delta = 0;	/* no delta */
+	else if (!pack_size_limit)
+	       usable_delta = 1;	/* unlimited packfile */
+	else if (entry->delta->idx.offset == (off_t)-1)
+		usable_delta = 0;	/* base was written to another pack */
+	else if (entry->delta->idx.offset)
+		usable_delta = 1;	/* base already exists in this pack */
+	else
+		usable_delta = 0;	/* base could end up in another pack */
 
-	obj_type = entry->type;
-	if (! entry->in_pack)
+	if (!reuse_object)
+		to_reuse = 0;	/* explicit */
+	else if (!entry->in_pack)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* can't reuse what we don't have */
-	else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
-		to_reuse = 1;	/* check_object() decided it for us */
-	else if (obj_type != entry->in_pack_type)
+	else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
+				/* check_object() decided it for us ... */
+		to_reuse = usable_delta;
+				/* ... but pack split may override that */
+	else if (type != entry->in_pack_type)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* pack has delta which is unusable */
 	else if (entry->delta)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* we want to pack afresh */
@@ -395,211 +285,319 @@ static off_t write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 				 * and we do not need to deltify it.
 				 */
 
-	if (!entry->in_pack && !entry->delta) {
-		unsigned char *map;
-		unsigned long mapsize;
-		map = map_sha1_file(entry->sha1, &mapsize);
-		if (map && !legacy_loose_object(map)) {
-			/* We can copy straight into the pack file */
-			if (revalidate_loose_object(entry, map, mapsize))
-				die("corrupt loose object %s",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
-			sha1write(f, map, mapsize);
-			munmap(map, mapsize);
-			written++;
-			reused++;
-			return mapsize;
-		}
-		if (map)
-			munmap(map, mapsize);
-	}
-
 	if (!to_reuse) {
-		buf = read_sha1_file(entry->sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!buf)
-			die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
-		if (size != entry->size)
-			die("object %s size inconsistency (%lu vs %lu)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1), size, entry->size);
-		if (entry->delta) {
-			buf = delta_against(buf, size, entry);
+		no_reuse:
+		if (!usable_delta) {
+			buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
+			if (!buf)
+				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+			/*
+			 * make sure no cached delta data remains from a
+			 * previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
+			 */
+			free(entry->delta_data);
+			entry->delta_data = NULL;
+			entry->z_delta_size = 0;
+		} else if (entry->delta_data) {
+			size = entry->delta_size;
+			buf = entry->delta_data;
+			entry->delta_data = NULL;
+			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
+		} else {
+			buf = get_delta(entry);
 			size = entry->delta_size;
-			obj_type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->offset) ?
+			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
 				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
 		}
+
+		if (entry->z_delta_size)
+			datalen = entry->z_delta_size;
+		else
+			datalen = do_compress(&buf, size);
+
 		/*
 		 * The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
 		 * more bytes of length.
 		 */
-		hdrlen = encode_header(obj_type, size, header);
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hdrlen = encode_header(type, size, header);
 
-		if (obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
 			/*
 			 * Deltas with relative base contain an additional
 			 * encoding of the relative offset for the delta
 			 * base from this object's position in the pack.
 			 */
-			off_t ofs = entry->offset - entry->delta->offset;
-			unsigned pos = sizeof(header) - 1;
-			header[pos] = ofs & 127;
+			off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+			unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
+			dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
 			while (ofs >>= 7)
-				header[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-			sha1write(f, header + pos, sizeof(header) - pos);
-			hdrlen += sizeof(header) - pos;
-		} else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+				dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+			if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				free(buf);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+			sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+			hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
+		} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
 			/*
 			 * Deltas with a base reference contain
 			 * an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
 			 */
-			sha1write(f, entry->delta->sha1, 20);
+			if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				free(buf);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+			sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
 			hdrlen += 20;
+		} else {
+			if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				free(buf);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
 		}
-		datalen = sha1write_compressed(f, buf, size);
+		sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
 		free(buf);
 	}
 	else {
 		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
 		struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
 		off_t offset;
 
-		if (entry->delta) {
-			obj_type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->offset) ?
+		if (entry->delta)
+			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
 				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
-			reused_delta++;
+		hdrlen = encode_header(type, entry->size, header);
+
+		offset = entry->in_pack_offset;
+		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, offset);
+		datalen = revidx[1].offset - offset;
+		if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version > 1 &&
+		    check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, revidx->nr)) {
+			error("bad packed object CRC for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			goto no_reuse;
+		}
+
+		offset += entry->in_pack_header_size;
+		datalen -= entry->in_pack_header_size;
+		if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version == 1 &&
+		    check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry->size)) {
+			error("corrupt packed object for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			goto no_reuse;
 		}
-		hdrlen = encode_header(obj_type, entry->size, header);
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		if (obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-			off_t ofs = entry->offset - entry->delta->offset;
-			unsigned pos = sizeof(header) - 1;
-			header[pos] = ofs & 127;
+
+		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+			unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
+			dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
 			while (ofs >>= 7)
-				header[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-			sha1write(f, header + pos, sizeof(header) - pos);
-			hdrlen += sizeof(header) - pos;
-		} else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-			sha1write(f, entry->delta->sha1, 20);
+				dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+			if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+			sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+			hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
+			reused_delta++;
+		} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+			sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
 			hdrlen += 20;
+			reused_delta++;
+		} else {
+			if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
 		}
-
-		offset = entry->in_pack_offset + entry->in_pack_header_size;
-		datalen = find_packed_object_size(p, entry->in_pack_offset)
-				- entry->in_pack_header_size;
-		if (!pack_to_stdout && check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs,
-				offset, datalen, entry->size))
-			die("corrupt delta in pack %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
 		copy_pack_data(f, p, &w_curs, offset, datalen);
 		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 		reused++;
 	}
-	if (entry->delta)
+	if (usable_delta)
 		written_delta++;
 	written++;
+	if (!pack_to_stdout)
+		entry->idx.crc32 = crc32_end(f);
 	return hdrlen + datalen;
 }
 
-static off_t write_one(struct sha1file *f,
+static int write_one(struct sha1file *f,
 			       struct object_entry *e,
-			       off_t offset)
+			       off_t *offset)
 {
-	if (e->offset || e->preferred_base)
-		/* offset starts from header size and cannot be zero
-		 * if it is written already.
-		 */
-		return offset;
-	/* if we are deltified, write out its base object first. */
-	if (e->delta)
-		offset = write_one(f, e->delta, offset);
-	e->offset = offset;
-	return offset + write_object(f, e);
+	unsigned long size;
+
+	/* offset is non zero if object is written already. */
+	if (e->idx.offset || e->preferred_base)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* if we are deltified, write out base object first. */
+	if (e->delta && !write_one(f, e->delta, offset))
+		return 0;
+
+	e->idx.offset = *offset;
+	size = write_object(f, e, *offset);
+	if (!size) {
+		e->idx.offset = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	written_list[nr_written++] = &e->idx;
+
+	/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
+	if (*offset > *offset + size)
+		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
+	*offset += size;
+	return 1;
 }
 
+/* forward declaration for write_pack_file */
+static int adjust_perm(const char *path, mode_t mode);
+
 static void write_pack_file(void)
 {
-	uint32_t i;
+	uint32_t i = 0, j;
 	struct sha1file *f;
 	off_t offset;
 	struct pack_header hdr;
-	unsigned last_percent = 999;
-	int do_progress = progress;
+	uint32_t nr_remaining = nr_result;
+	time_t last_mtime = 0;
 
-	if (!base_name) {
-		f = sha1fd(1, "<stdout>");
-		do_progress >>= 1;
-	}
-	else
-		f = sha1create("%s-%s.%s", base_name,
-			       sha1_to_hex(object_list_sha1), "pack");
-	if (do_progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Writing %u objects.\n", nr_result);
-
-	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
-	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(PACK_VERSION);
-	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_result);
-	sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-	offset = sizeof(hdr);
-	if (!nr_result)
-		goto done;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		offset = write_one(f, objects + i, offset);
-		if (do_progress) {
-			unsigned percent = written * 100 / nr_result;
-			if (progress_update || percent != last_percent) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
-					percent, written, nr_result);
-				progress_update = 0;
-				last_percent = percent;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if (do_progress)
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
- done:
-	if (written != nr_result)
-		die("wrote %u objects while expecting %u", written, nr_result);
-	sha1close(f, pack_file_sha1, 1);
-}
+	if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
+		progress_state = start_progress("Writing objects", nr_result);
+	written_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*written_list));
 
-static void write_index_file(void)
-{
-	uint32_t i;
-	struct sha1file *f = sha1create("%s-%s.%s", base_name,
-					sha1_to_hex(object_list_sha1), "idx");
-	struct object_entry **list = sorted_by_sha;
-	struct object_entry **last = list + nr_result;
-	uint32_t array[256];
+	do {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		char *pack_tmp_name = NULL;
+
+		if (pack_to_stdout) {
+			f = sha1fd_throughput(1, "<stdout>", progress_state);
+		} else {
+			char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
+			int fd;
+			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname),
+					 "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
+			pack_tmp_name = xstrdup(tmpname);
+			f = sha1fd(fd, pack_tmp_name);
+		}
 
-	/*
-	 * Write the first-level table (the list is sorted,
-	 * but we use a 256-entry lookup to be able to avoid
-	 * having to do eight extra binary search iterations).
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		struct object_entry **next = list;
-		while (next < last) {
-			struct object_entry *entry = *next;
-			if (entry->sha1[0] != i)
+		hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
+		hdr.hdr_version = htonl(PACK_VERSION);
+		hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_remaining);
+		sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+		offset = sizeof(hdr);
+		nr_written = 0;
+		for (; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+			if (!write_one(f, objects + i, &offset))
 				break;
-			next++;
+			display_progress(progress_state, written);
 		}
-		array[i] = htonl(next - sorted_by_sha);
-		list = next;
-	}
-	sha1write(f, array, 256 * 4);
 
+		/*
+		 * Did we write the wrong # entries in the header?
+		 * If so, rewrite it like in fast-import
+		 */
+		if (pack_to_stdout) {
+			sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_CLOSE);
+		} else if (nr_written == nr_remaining) {
+			sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_FSYNC);
+		} else {
+			int fd = sha1close(f, sha1, 0);
+			fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, sha1, pack_tmp_name,
+						 nr_written, sha1, offset);
+			close(fd);
+		}
+
+		if (!pack_to_stdout) {
+			mode_t mode = umask(0);
+			struct stat st;
+			char *idx_tmp_name, tmpname[PATH_MAX];
+
+			umask(mode);
+			mode = 0444 & ~mode;
+
+			idx_tmp_name = write_idx_file(NULL, written_list,
+						      nr_written, sha1);
+
+			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.pack",
+				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			free_pack_by_name(tmpname);
+			if (adjust_perm(pack_tmp_name, mode))
+				die_errno("unable to make temporary pack file readable");
+			if (rename(pack_tmp_name, tmpname))
+				die_errno("unable to rename temporary pack file");
+
+			/*
+			 * Packs are runtime accessed in their mtime
+			 * order since newer packs are more likely to contain
+			 * younger objects.  So if we are creating multiple
+			 * packs then we should modify the mtime of later ones
+			 * to preserve this property.
+			 */
+			if (stat(tmpname, &st) < 0) {
+				warning("failed to stat %s: %s",
+					tmpname, strerror(errno));
+			} else if (!last_mtime) {
+				last_mtime = st.st_mtime;
+			} else {
+				struct utimbuf utb;
+				utb.actime = st.st_atime;
+				utb.modtime = --last_mtime;
+				if (utime(tmpname, &utb) < 0)
+					warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
+						tmpname, strerror(errno));
+			}
+
+			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.idx",
+				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			if (adjust_perm(idx_tmp_name, mode))
+				die_errno("unable to make temporary index file readable");
+			if (rename(idx_tmp_name, tmpname))
+				die_errno("unable to rename temporary index file");
+
+			free(idx_tmp_name);
+			free(pack_tmp_name);
+			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		}
+
+		/* mark written objects as written to previous pack */
+		for (j = 0; j < nr_written; j++) {
+			written_list[j]->offset = (off_t)-1;
+		}
+		nr_remaining -= nr_written;
+	} while (nr_remaining && i < nr_objects);
+
+	free(written_list);
+	stop_progress(&progress_state);
+	if (written != nr_result)
+		die("wrote %"PRIu32" objects while expecting %"PRIu32,
+			written, nr_result);
 	/*
-	 * Write the actual SHA1 entries..
+	 * We have scanned through [0 ... i).  Since we have written
+	 * the correct number of objects,  the remaining [i ... nr_objects)
+	 * items must be either already written (due to out-of-order delta base)
+	 * or a preferred base.  Count those which are neither and complain if any.
 	 */
-	list = sorted_by_sha;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_result; i++) {
-		struct object_entry *entry = *list++;
-		uint32_t offset = htonl(entry->offset);
-		sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
-		sha1write(f, entry->sha1, 20);
+	for (j = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *e = objects + i;
+		j += !e->idx.offset && !e->preferred_base;
 	}
-	sha1write(f, pack_file_sha1, 20);
-	sha1close(f, NULL, 1);
+	if (j)
+		die("wrote %"PRIu32" objects as expected but %"PRIu32
+			" unwritten", written, j);
 }
 
 static int locate_object_entry_hash(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -609,7 +607,7 @@ static int locate_object_entry_hash(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	memcpy(&ui, sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
 	i = ui % object_ix_hashsz;
 	while (0 < object_ix[i]) {
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, objects[object_ix[i] - 1].sha1))
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, objects[object_ix[i] - 1].idx.sha1))
 			return i;
 		if (++i == object_ix_hashsz)
 			i = 0;
@@ -641,7 +639,7 @@ static void rehash_objects(void)
 	object_ix = xrealloc(object_ix, sizeof(int) * object_ix_hashsz);
 	memset(object_ix, 0, sizeof(int) * object_ix_hashsz);
 	for (i = 0, oe = objects; i < nr_objects; i++, oe++) {
-		int ix = locate_object_entry_hash(oe->sha1);
+		int ix = locate_object_entry_hash(oe->idx.sha1);
 		if (0 <= ix)
 			continue;
 		ix = -1 - ix;
@@ -651,8 +649,10 @@ static void rehash_objects(void)
 
 static unsigned name_hash(const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned char c;
-	unsigned hash = 0;
+	unsigned c, hash = 0;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * This effectively just creates a sortable number from the
@@ -667,67 +667,100 @@ static unsigned name_hash(const char *name)
 	return hash;
 }
 
-static int add_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned hash, int exclude)
+static void setup_delta_attr_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	static struct git_attr *attr_delta;
+
+	if (!attr_delta)
+		attr_delta = git_attr("delta", 5);
+
+	check[0].attr = attr_delta;
+}
+
+static int no_try_delta(const char *path)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check check[1];
+
+	setup_delta_attr_check(check);
+	if (git_checkattr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check))
+		return 0;
+	if (ATTR_FALSE(check->value))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+			    const char *name, int exclude)
 {
-	uint32_t idx = nr_objects;
 	struct object_entry *entry;
-	struct packed_git *p;
+	struct packed_git *p, *found_pack = NULL;
 	off_t found_offset = 0;
-	struct packed_git *found_pack = NULL;
-	int ix, status = 0;
-
-	if (!exclude) {
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-			off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
-			if (offset) {
-				if (incremental)
-					return 0;
-				if (local && !p->pack_local)
-					return 0;
-				if (!found_pack) {
-					found_offset = offset;
-					found_pack = p;
-				}
+	int ix;
+	unsigned hash = name_hash(name);
+
+	ix = nr_objects ? locate_object_entry_hash(sha1) : -1;
+	if (ix >= 0) {
+		if (exclude) {
+			entry = objects + object_ix[ix] - 1;
+			if (!entry->preferred_base)
+				nr_result--;
+			entry->preferred_base = 1;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!exclude && local && has_loose_object_nonlocal(sha1))
+		return 0;
+
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
+		if (offset) {
+			if (!found_pack) {
+				found_offset = offset;
+				found_pack = p;
 			}
+			if (exclude)
+				break;
+			if (incremental)
+				return 0;
+			if (local && !p->pack_local)
+				return 0;
+			if (ignore_packed_keep && p->pack_local && p->pack_keep)
+				return 0;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((entry = locate_object_entry(sha1)) != NULL)
-		goto already_added;
 
-	if (idx >= nr_alloc) {
-		nr_alloc = (idx + 1024) * 3 / 2;
+	if (nr_objects >= nr_alloc) {
+		nr_alloc = (nr_alloc  + 1024) * 3 / 2;
 		objects = xrealloc(objects, nr_alloc * sizeof(*entry));
 	}
-	entry = objects + idx;
-	nr_objects = idx + 1;
+
+	entry = objects + nr_objects++;
 	memset(entry, 0, sizeof(*entry));
-	hashcpy(entry->sha1, sha1);
+	hashcpy(entry->idx.sha1, sha1);
 	entry->hash = hash;
+	if (type)
+		entry->type = type;
+	if (exclude)
+		entry->preferred_base = 1;
+	else
+		nr_result++;
+	if (found_pack) {
+		entry->in_pack = found_pack;
+		entry->in_pack_offset = found_offset;
+	}
 
 	if (object_ix_hashsz * 3 <= nr_objects * 4)
 		rehash_objects();
-	else {
-		ix = locate_object_entry_hash(entry->sha1);
-		if (0 <= ix)
-			die("internal error in object hashing.");
-		object_ix[-1 - ix] = idx + 1;
-	}
-	status = 1;
+	else
+		object_ix[-1 - ix] = nr_objects;
 
- already_added:
-	if (progress_update) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Counting objects...%u\r", nr_objects);
-		progress_update = 0;
-	}
-	if (exclude)
-		entry->preferred_base = 1;
-	else {
-		if (found_pack) {
-			entry->in_pack = found_pack;
-			entry->in_pack_offset = found_offset;
-		}
-	}
-	return status;
+	display_progress(progress_state, nr_objects);
+
+	if (name && no_try_delta(name))
+		entry->no_try_delta = 1;
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 struct pbase_tree_cache {
@@ -849,22 +882,24 @@ static void add_pbase_object(struct tree_desc *tree,
 			     const char *fullname)
 {
 	struct name_entry entry;
+	int cmp;
 
 	while (tree_entry(tree,&entry)) {
-		unsigned long size;
-		enum object_type type;
-
-		if (tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1) != cmplen ||
-		    memcmp(entry.path, name, cmplen) ||
-		    !has_sha1_file(entry.sha1) ||
-		    (type = sha1_object_info(entry.sha1, &size)) < 0)
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
+			continue;
+		cmp = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1) != cmplen ? 1 :
+		      memcmp(name, entry.path, cmplen);
+		if (cmp > 0)
 			continue;
+		if (cmp < 0)
+			return;
 		if (name[cmplen] != '/') {
-			unsigned hash = name_hash(fullname);
-			add_object_entry(entry.sha1, hash, 1);
+			add_object_entry(entry.sha1,
+					 object_type(entry.mode),
+					 fullname, 1);
 			return;
 		}
-		if (type == OBJ_TREE) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			struct tree_desc sub;
 			struct pbase_tree_cache *tree;
 			const char *down = name+cmplen+1;
@@ -921,18 +956,19 @@ static int check_pbase_path(unsigned hash)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_preferred_base_object(const char *name, unsigned hash)
+static void add_preferred_base_object(const char *name)
 {
 	struct pbase_tree *it;
-	int cmplen = name_cmp_len(name);
+	int cmplen;
+	unsigned hash = name_hash(name);
 
-	if (check_pbase_path(hash))
+	if (!num_preferred_base || check_pbase_path(hash))
 		return;
 
+	cmplen = name_cmp_len(name);
 	for (it = pbase_tree; it; it = it->next) {
 		if (cmplen == 0) {
-			hash = name_hash("");
-			add_object_entry(it->pcache.sha1, hash, 1);
+			add_object_entry(it->pcache.sha1, OBJ_TREE, NULL, 1);
 		}
 		else {
 			struct tree_desc tree;
@@ -974,222 +1010,254 @@ static void add_preferred_base(unsigned char *sha1)
 
 static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 {
-	if (entry->in_pack && !entry->preferred_base) {
+	if (entry->in_pack) {
 		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
 		struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
-		unsigned long size, used;
+		const unsigned char *base_ref = NULL;
+		struct object_entry *base_entry;
+		unsigned long used, used_0;
 		unsigned int avail;
-		unsigned char *buf;
-		struct object_entry *base_entry = NULL;
+		off_t ofs;
+		unsigned char *buf, c;
 
 		buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs, entry->in_pack_offset, &avail);
 
-		/* We want in_pack_type even if we do not reuse delta.
-		 * There is no point not reusing non-delta representations.
+		/*
+		 * We want in_pack_type even if we do not reuse delta
+		 * since non-delta representations could still be reused.
 		 */
-		used = unpack_object_header_gently(buf, avail,
-						   &entry->in_pack_type, &size);
+		used = unpack_object_header_buffer(buf, avail,
+						   &entry->in_pack_type,
+						   &entry->size);
+		if (used == 0)
+			goto give_up;
 
-		/* Check if it is delta, and the base is also an object
-		 * we are going to pack.  If so we will reuse the existing
-		 * delta.
+		/*
+		 * Determine if this is a delta and if so whether we can
+		 * reuse it or not.  Otherwise let's find out as cheaply as
+		 * possible what the actual type and size for this object is.
 		 */
-		if (!no_reuse_delta) {
-			unsigned char c;
-			const unsigned char *base_name;
-			off_t ofs;
-			unsigned long used_0;
-			/* there is at least 20 bytes left in the pack */
-			switch (entry->in_pack_type) {
-			case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
-				base_name = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
-					entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
-				used += 20;
-				break;
-			case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
-				buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
-					entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
-				used_0 = 0;
-				c = buf[used_0++];
-				ofs = c & 127;
-				while (c & 128) {
-					ofs += 1;
-					if (!ofs || ofs & ~(~0UL >> 7))
-						die("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s",
-						    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
-					c = buf[used_0++];
-					ofs = (ofs << 7) + (c & 127);
+		switch (entry->in_pack_type) {
+		default:
+			/* Not a delta hence we've already got all we need. */
+			entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
+			entry->in_pack_header_size = used;
+			if (entry->type < OBJ_COMMIT || entry->type > OBJ_BLOB)
+				goto give_up;
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return;
+		case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+			if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base)
+				base_ref = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
+						entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
+			entry->in_pack_header_size = used + 20;
+			break;
+		case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+			buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
+				       entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
+			used_0 = 0;
+			c = buf[used_0++];
+			ofs = c & 127;
+			while (c & 128) {
+				ofs += 1;
+				if (!ofs || MSB(ofs, 7)) {
+					error("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s",
+					      sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+					goto give_up;
 				}
-				if (ofs >= entry->in_pack_offset)
-					die("delta base offset out of bound for %s",
-					    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
-				ofs = entry->in_pack_offset - ofs;
-				base_name = find_packed_object_name(p, ofs);
-				used += used_0;
-				break;
-			default:
-				base_name = NULL;
+				c = buf[used_0++];
+				ofs = (ofs << 7) + (c & 127);
+			}
+			ofs = entry->in_pack_offset - ofs;
+			if (ofs <= 0 || ofs >= entry->in_pack_offset) {
+				error("delta base offset out of bound for %s",
+				      sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+				goto give_up;
+			}
+			if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base) {
+				struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+				revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, ofs);
+				if (!revidx)
+					goto give_up;
+				base_ref = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
 			}
-			if (base_name)
-				base_entry = locate_object_entry(base_name);
+			entry->in_pack_header_size = used + used_0;
+			break;
 		}
-		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-		entry->in_pack_header_size = used;
-
-		if (base_entry) {
 
-			/* Depth value does not matter - find_deltas()
-			 * will never consider reused delta as the
-			 * base object to deltify other objects
-			 * against, in order to avoid circular deltas.
+		if (base_ref && (base_entry = locate_object_entry(base_ref))) {
+			/*
+			 * If base_ref was set above that means we wish to
+			 * reuse delta data, and we even found that base
+			 * in the list of objects we want to pack. Goodie!
+			 *
+			 * Depth value does not matter - find_deltas() will
+			 * never consider reused delta as the base object to
+			 * deltify other objects against, in order to avoid
+			 * circular deltas.
 			 */
-
-			/* uncompressed size of the delta data */
-			entry->size = size;
-			entry->delta = base_entry;
 			entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
-
+			entry->delta = base_entry;
+			entry->delta_size = entry->size;
 			entry->delta_sibling = base_entry->delta_child;
 			base_entry->delta_child = entry;
-
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return;
 		}
-		/* Otherwise we would do the usual */
-	}
-
-	entry->type = sha1_object_info(entry->sha1, &entry->size);
-	if (entry->type < 0)
-		die("unable to get type of object %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
-}
-
-static unsigned int check_delta_limit(struct object_entry *me, unsigned int n)
-{
-	struct object_entry *child = me->delta_child;
-	unsigned int m = n;
-	while (child) {
-		unsigned int c = check_delta_limit(child, n + 1);
-		if (m < c)
-			m = c;
-		child = child->delta_sibling;
-	}
-	return m;
-}
 
-static void get_object_details(void)
-{
-	uint32_t i;
-	struct object_entry *entry;
-
-	prepare_pack_ix();
-	for (i = 0, entry = objects; i < nr_objects; i++, entry++)
-		check_object(entry);
+		if (entry->type) {
+			/*
+			 * This must be a delta and we already know what the
+			 * final object type is.  Let's extract the actual
+			 * object size from the delta header.
+			 */
+			entry->size = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs,
+					entry->in_pack_offset + entry->in_pack_header_size);
+			if (entry->size == 0)
+				goto give_up;
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return;
+		}
 
-	if (nr_objects == nr_result) {
 		/*
-		 * Depth of objects that depend on the entry -- this
-		 * is subtracted from depth-max to break too deep
-		 * delta chain because of delta data reusing.
-		 * However, we loosen this restriction when we know we
-		 * are creating a thin pack -- it will have to be
-		 * expanded on the other end anyway, so do not
-		 * artificially cut the delta chain and let it go as
-		 * deep as it wants.
+		 * No choice but to fall back to the recursive delta walk
+		 * with sha1_object_info() to find about the object type
+		 * at this point...
 		 */
-		for (i = 0, entry = objects; i < nr_objects; i++, entry++)
-			if (!entry->delta && entry->delta_child)
-				entry->delta_limit =
-					check_delta_limit(entry, 1);
+		give_up:
+		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	}
+
+	entry->type = sha1_object_info(entry->idx.sha1, &entry->size);
+	/*
+	 * The error condition is checked in prepare_pack().  This is
+	 * to permit a missing preferred base object to be ignored
+	 * as a preferred base.  Doing so can result in a larger
+	 * pack file, but the transfer will still take place.
+	 */
 }
 
-typedef int (*entry_sort_t)(const struct object_entry *, const struct object_entry *);
+static int pack_offset_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
+	const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
 
-static entry_sort_t current_sort;
+	/* avoid filesystem trashing with loose objects */
+	if (!a->in_pack && !b->in_pack)
+		return hashcmp(a->idx.sha1, b->idx.sha1);
 
-static int sort_comparator(const void *_a, const void *_b)
-{
-	struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
-	struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
-	return current_sort(a,b);
+	if (a->in_pack < b->in_pack)
+		return -1;
+	if (a->in_pack > b->in_pack)
+		return 1;
+	return a->in_pack_offset < b->in_pack_offset ? -1 :
+			(a->in_pack_offset > b->in_pack_offset);
 }
 
-static struct object_entry **create_sorted_list(entry_sort_t sort)
+static void get_object_details(void)
 {
-	struct object_entry **list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(struct object_entry *));
 	uint32_t i;
+	struct object_entry **sorted_by_offset;
 
+	sorted_by_offset = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry *));
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		list[i] = objects + i;
-	current_sort = sort;
-	qsort(list, nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry *), sort_comparator);
-	return list;
-}
+		sorted_by_offset[i] = objects + i;
+	qsort(sorted_by_offset, nr_objects, sizeof(*sorted_by_offset), pack_offset_sort);
 
-static int sha1_sort(const struct object_entry *a, const struct object_entry *b)
-{
-	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
-}
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
+		check_object(sorted_by_offset[i]);
 
-static struct object_entry **create_final_object_list(void)
-{
-	struct object_entry **list;
-	uint32_t i, j;
-
-	for (i = nr_result = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		if (!objects[i].preferred_base)
-			nr_result++;
-	list = xmalloc(nr_result * sizeof(struct object_entry *));
-	for (i = j = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		if (!objects[i].preferred_base)
-			list[j++] = objects + i;
-	}
-	current_sort = sha1_sort;
-	qsort(list, nr_result, sizeof(struct object_entry *), sort_comparator);
-	return list;
+	free(sorted_by_offset);
 }
 
-static int type_size_sort(const struct object_entry *a, const struct object_entry *b)
+/*
+ * We search for deltas in a list sorted by type, by filename hash, and then
+ * by size, so that we see progressively smaller and smaller files.
+ * That's because we prefer deltas to be from the bigger file
+ * to the smaller -- deletes are potentially cheaper, but perhaps
+ * more importantly, the bigger file is likely the more recent
+ * one.  The deepest deltas are therefore the oldest objects which are
+ * less susceptible to be accessed often.
+ */
+static int type_size_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
-	if (a->type < b->type)
-		return -1;
+	const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
+	const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
+
 	if (a->type > b->type)
-		return 1;
-	if (a->hash < b->hash)
 		return -1;
-	if (a->hash > b->hash)
+	if (a->type < b->type)
 		return 1;
-	if (a->preferred_base < b->preferred_base)
+	if (a->hash > b->hash)
 		return -1;
-	if (a->preferred_base > b->preferred_base)
+	if (a->hash < b->hash)
 		return 1;
-	if (a->size < b->size)
+	if (a->preferred_base > b->preferred_base)
 		return -1;
+	if (a->preferred_base < b->preferred_base)
+		return 1;
 	if (a->size > b->size)
+		return -1;
+	if (a->size < b->size)
 		return 1;
-	return a < b ? -1 : (a > b);
+	return a < b ? -1 : (a > b);  /* newest first */
 }
 
 struct unpacked {
 	struct object_entry *entry;
 	void *data;
 	struct delta_index *index;
+	unsigned depth;
 };
 
-/*
- * We search for deltas _backwards_ in a list sorted by type and
- * by size, so that we see progressively smaller and smaller files.
- * That's because we prefer deltas to be from the bigger file
- * to the smaller - deletes are potentially cheaper, but perhaps
- * more importantly, the bigger file is likely the more recent
- * one.
- */
+static int delta_cacheable(unsigned long src_size, unsigned long trg_size,
+			   unsigned long delta_size)
+{
+	if (max_delta_cache_size && delta_cache_size + delta_size > max_delta_cache_size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (delta_size < cache_max_small_delta_size)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* cache delta, if objects are large enough compared to delta size */
+	if ((src_size >> 20) + (trg_size >> 21) > (delta_size >> 10))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+
+static pthread_mutex_t read_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+#define read_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&read_mutex)
+#define read_unlock()		pthread_mutex_unlock(&read_mutex)
+
+static pthread_mutex_t cache_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+#define cache_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&cache_mutex)
+#define cache_unlock()		pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache_mutex)
+
+static pthread_mutex_t progress_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+#define progress_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&progress_mutex)
+#define progress_unlock()	pthread_mutex_unlock(&progress_mutex)
+
+#else
+
+#define read_lock()		(void)0
+#define read_unlock()		(void)0
+#define cache_lock()		(void)0
+#define cache_unlock()		(void)0
+#define progress_lock()		(void)0
+#define progress_unlock()	(void)0
+
+#endif
+
 static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
-		     unsigned max_depth)
+		     unsigned max_depth, unsigned long *mem_usage)
 {
 	struct object_entry *trg_entry = trg->entry;
 	struct object_entry *src_entry = src->entry;
 	unsigned long trg_size, src_size, delta_size, sizediff, max_size, sz;
+	unsigned ref_depth;
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *delta_buf;
 
@@ -1197,131 +1265,203 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	if (trg_entry->type != src_entry->type)
 		return -1;
 
-	/* We do not compute delta to *create* objects we are not
-	 * going to pack.
-	 */
-	if (trg_entry->preferred_base)
-		return -1;
-
 	/*
 	 * We do not bother to try a delta that we discarded
 	 * on an earlier try, but only when reusing delta data.
 	 */
-	if (!no_reuse_delta && trg_entry->in_pack &&
+	if (reuse_delta && trg_entry->in_pack &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack == src_entry->in_pack &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 		return 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * If the current object is at pack edge, take the depth the
-	 * objects that depend on the current object into account --
-	 * otherwise they would become too deep.
-	 */
-	if (trg_entry->delta_child) {
-		if (max_depth <= trg_entry->delta_limit)
-			return 0;
-		max_depth -= trg_entry->delta_limit;
-	}
-	if (src_entry->depth >= max_depth)
+	/* Let's not bust the allowed depth. */
+	if (src->depth >= max_depth)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Now some size filtering heuristics. */
 	trg_size = trg_entry->size;
-	max_size = trg_size/2 - 20;
-	max_size = max_size * (max_depth - src_entry->depth) / max_depth;
+	if (!trg_entry->delta) {
+		max_size = trg_size/2 - 20;
+		ref_depth = 1;
+	} else {
+		max_size = trg_entry->delta_size;
+		ref_depth = trg->depth;
+	}
+	max_size = (uint64_t)max_size * (max_depth - src->depth) /
+						(max_depth - ref_depth + 1);
 	if (max_size == 0)
 		return 0;
-	if (trg_entry->delta && trg_entry->delta_size <= max_size)
-		max_size = trg_entry->delta_size-1;
 	src_size = src_entry->size;
 	sizediff = src_size < trg_size ? trg_size - src_size : 0;
 	if (sizediff >= max_size)
 		return 0;
+	if (trg_size < src_size / 32)
+		return 0;
 
 	/* Load data if not already done */
 	if (!trg->data) {
-		trg->data = read_sha1_file(trg_entry->sha1, &type, &sz);
+		read_lock();
+		trg->data = read_sha1_file(trg_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
+		read_unlock();
+		if (!trg->data)
+			die("object %s cannot be read",
+			    sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1));
 		if (sz != trg_size)
 			die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->sha1), sz, trg_size);
+			    sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1), sz, trg_size);
+		*mem_usage += sz;
 	}
 	if (!src->data) {
-		src->data = read_sha1_file(src_entry->sha1, &type, &sz);
+		read_lock();
+		src->data = read_sha1_file(src_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
+		read_unlock();
+		if (!src->data)
+			die("object %s cannot be read",
+			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
 		if (sz != src_size)
 			die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->sha1), sz, src_size);
+			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1), sz, src_size);
+		*mem_usage += sz;
 	}
 	if (!src->index) {
 		src->index = create_delta_index(src->data, src_size);
-		if (!src->index)
-			die("out of memory");
+		if (!src->index) {
+			static int warned = 0;
+			if (!warned++)
+				warning("suboptimal pack - out of memory");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		*mem_usage += sizeof_delta_index(src->index);
 	}
 
 	delta_buf = create_delta(src->index, trg->data, trg_size, &delta_size, max_size);
 	if (!delta_buf)
 		return 0;
 
+	if (trg_entry->delta) {
+		/* Prefer only shallower same-sized deltas. */
+		if (delta_size == trg_entry->delta_size &&
+		    src->depth + 1 >= trg->depth) {
+			free(delta_buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Handle memory allocation outside of the cache
+	 * accounting lock.  Compiler will optimize the strangeness
+	 * away when THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH is not defined.
+	 */
+	free(trg_entry->delta_data);
+	cache_lock();
+	if (trg_entry->delta_data) {
+		delta_cache_size -= trg_entry->delta_size;
+		trg_entry->delta_data = NULL;
+	}
+	if (delta_cacheable(src_size, trg_size, delta_size)) {
+		delta_cache_size += delta_size;
+		cache_unlock();
+		trg_entry->delta_data = xrealloc(delta_buf, delta_size);
+	} else {
+		cache_unlock();
+		free(delta_buf);
+	}
+
 	trg_entry->delta = src_entry;
 	trg_entry->delta_size = delta_size;
-	trg_entry->depth = src_entry->depth + 1;
-	free(delta_buf);
+	trg->depth = src->depth + 1;
+
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void progress_interval(int signum)
+static unsigned int check_delta_limit(struct object_entry *me, unsigned int n)
 {
-	progress_update = 1;
+	struct object_entry *child = me->delta_child;
+	unsigned int m = n;
+	while (child) {
+		unsigned int c = check_delta_limit(child, n + 1);
+		if (m < c)
+			m = c;
+		child = child->delta_sibling;
+	}
+	return m;
 }
 
-static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, int window, int depth)
+static unsigned long free_unpacked(struct unpacked *n)
 {
-	uint32_t i = nr_objects, idx = 0, processed = 0;
-	unsigned int array_size = window * sizeof(struct unpacked);
+	unsigned long freed_mem = sizeof_delta_index(n->index);
+	free_delta_index(n->index);
+	n->index = NULL;
+	if (n->data) {
+		freed_mem += n->entry->size;
+		free(n->data);
+		n->data = NULL;
+	}
+	n->entry = NULL;
+	n->depth = 0;
+	return freed_mem;
+}
+
+static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned *list_size,
+			int window, int depth, unsigned *processed)
+{
+	uint32_t i, idx = 0, count = 0;
 	struct unpacked *array;
-	unsigned last_percent = 999;
+	unsigned long mem_usage = 0;
 
-	if (!nr_objects)
-		return;
-	array = xmalloc(array_size);
-	memset(array, 0, array_size);
-	if (progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Deltifying %u objects.\n", nr_result);
+	array = xcalloc(window, sizeof(struct unpacked));
 
-	do {
-		struct object_entry *entry = list[--i];
+	for (;;) {
+		struct object_entry *entry;
 		struct unpacked *n = array + idx;
-		int j;
-
-		if (!entry->preferred_base)
-			processed++;
-
-		if (progress) {
-			unsigned percent = processed * 100 / nr_result;
-			if (percent != last_percent || progress_update) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
-					percent, processed, nr_result);
-				progress_update = 0;
-				last_percent = percent;
-			}
-		}
+		int j, max_depth, best_base = -1;
 
-		if (entry->delta)
-			/* This happens if we decided to reuse existing
-			 * delta from a pack.  "!no_reuse_delta &&" is implied.
-			 */
-			continue;
+		progress_lock();
+		if (!*list_size) {
+			progress_unlock();
+			break;
+		}
+		entry = *list++;
+		(*list_size)--;
+		if (!entry->preferred_base) {
+			(*processed)++;
+			display_progress(progress_state, *processed);
+		}
+		progress_unlock();
 
-		if (entry->size < 50)
-			continue;
-		free_delta_index(n->index);
-		n->index = NULL;
-		free(n->data);
-		n->data = NULL;
+		mem_usage -= free_unpacked(n);
 		n->entry = entry;
 
+		while (window_memory_limit &&
+		       mem_usage > window_memory_limit &&
+		       count > 1) {
+			uint32_t tail = (idx + window - count) % window;
+			mem_usage -= free_unpacked(array + tail);
+			count--;
+		}
+
+		/* We do not compute delta to *create* objects we are not
+		 * going to pack.
+		 */
+		if (entry->preferred_base)
+			goto next;
+
+		/*
+		 * If the current object is at pack edge, take the depth the
+		 * objects that depend on the current object into account
+		 * otherwise they would become too deep.
+		 */
+		max_depth = depth;
+		if (entry->delta_child) {
+			max_depth -= check_delta_limit(entry, 0);
+			if (max_depth <= 0)
+				goto next;
+		}
+
 		j = window;
 		while (--j > 0) {
+			int ret;
 			uint32_t other_idx = idx + j;
 			struct unpacked *m;
 			if (other_idx >= window)
@@ -1329,23 +1469,67 @@ static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, int window, int depth)
 			m = array + other_idx;
 			if (!m->entry)
 				break;
-			if (try_delta(n, m, depth) < 0)
+			ret = try_delta(n, m, max_depth, &mem_usage);
+			if (ret < 0)
 				break;
+			else if (ret > 0)
+				best_base = other_idx;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If we decided to cache the delta data, then it is best
+		 * to compress it right away.  First because we have to do
+		 * it anyway, and doing it here while we're threaded will
+		 * save a lot of time in the non threaded write phase,
+		 * as well as allow for caching more deltas within
+		 * the same cache size limit.
+		 * ...
+		 * But only if not writing to stdout, since in that case
+		 * the network is most likely throttling writes anyway,
+		 * and therefore it is best to go to the write phase ASAP
+		 * instead, as we can afford spending more time compressing
+		 * between writes at that moment.
+		 */
+		if (entry->delta_data && !pack_to_stdout) {
+			entry->z_delta_size = do_compress(&entry->delta_data,
+							  entry->delta_size);
+			cache_lock();
+			delta_cache_size -= entry->delta_size;
+			delta_cache_size += entry->z_delta_size;
+			cache_unlock();
 		}
+
 		/* if we made n a delta, and if n is already at max
 		 * depth, leaving it in the window is pointless.  we
 		 * should evict it first.
 		 */
-		if (entry->delta && depth <= entry->depth)
+		if (entry->delta && max_depth <= n->depth)
 			continue;
 
+		/*
+		 * Move the best delta base up in the window, after the
+		 * currently deltified object, to keep it longer.  It will
+		 * be the first base object to be attempted next.
+		 */
+		if (entry->delta) {
+			struct unpacked swap = array[best_base];
+			int dist = (window + idx - best_base) % window;
+			int dst = best_base;
+			while (dist--) {
+				int src = (dst + 1) % window;
+				array[dst] = array[src];
+				dst = src;
+			}
+			array[dst] = swap;
+		}
+
+		next:
 		idx++;
+		if (count + 1 < window)
+			count++;
 		if (idx >= window)
 			idx = 0;
-	} while (i > 0);
-
-	if (progress)
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
+	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < window; ++i) {
 		free_delta_index(array[i].index);
@@ -1354,99 +1538,335 @@ static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, int window, int depth)
 	free(array);
 }
 
-static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
+#ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+
+/*
+ * The main thread waits on the condition that (at least) one of the workers
+ * has stopped working (which is indicated in the .working member of
+ * struct thread_params).
+ * When a work thread has completed its work, it sets .working to 0 and
+ * signals the main thread and waits on the condition that .data_ready
+ * becomes 1.
+ */
+
+struct thread_params {
+	pthread_t thread;
+	struct object_entry **list;
+	unsigned list_size;
+	unsigned remaining;
+	int window;
+	int depth;
+	int working;
+	int data_ready;
+	pthread_mutex_t mutex;
+	pthread_cond_t cond;
+	unsigned *processed;
+};
+
+static pthread_cond_t progress_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
+
+static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
 {
-	get_object_details();
-	sorted_by_type = create_sorted_list(type_size_sort);
-	if (window && depth)
-		find_deltas(sorted_by_type, window+1, depth);
+	struct thread_params *me = arg;
+
+	while (me->remaining) {
+		find_deltas(me->list, &me->remaining,
+			    me->window, me->depth, me->processed);
+
+		progress_lock();
+		me->working = 0;
+		pthread_cond_signal(&progress_cond);
+		progress_unlock();
+
+		/*
+		 * We must not set ->data_ready before we wait on the
+		 * condition because the main thread may have set it to 1
+		 * before we get here. In order to be sure that new
+		 * work is available if we see 1 in ->data_ready, it
+		 * was initialized to 0 before this thread was spawned
+		 * and we reset it to 0 right away.
+		 */
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&me->mutex);
+		while (!me->data_ready)
+			pthread_cond_wait(&me->cond, &me->mutex);
+		me->data_ready = 0;
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&me->mutex);
+	}
+	/* leave ->working 1 so that this doesn't get more work assigned */
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int reuse_cached_pack(unsigned char *sha1)
+static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
+			   int window, int depth, unsigned *processed)
 {
-	static const char cache[] = "pack-cache/pack-%s.%s";
-	char *cached_pack, *cached_idx;
-	int ifd, ofd, ifd_ix = -1;
+	struct thread_params p[delta_search_threads];
+	int i, ret, active_threads = 0;
 
-	cached_pack = git_path(cache, sha1_to_hex(sha1), "pack");
-	ifd = open(cached_pack, O_RDONLY);
-	if (ifd < 0)
-		return 0;
+	if (delta_search_threads <= 1) {
+		find_deltas(list, &list_size, window, depth, processed);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Delta compression using up to %d threads.\n",
+				delta_search_threads);
+
+	/* Partition the work amongst work threads. */
+	for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++) {
+		unsigned sub_size = list_size / (delta_search_threads - i);
+
+		/* don't use too small segments or no deltas will be found */
+		if (sub_size < 2*window && i+1 < delta_search_threads)
+			sub_size = 0;
+
+		p[i].window = window;
+		p[i].depth = depth;
+		p[i].processed = processed;
+		p[i].working = 1;
+		p[i].data_ready = 0;
+
+		/* try to split chunks on "path" boundaries */
+		while (sub_size && sub_size < list_size &&
+		       list[sub_size]->hash &&
+		       list[sub_size]->hash == list[sub_size-1]->hash)
+			sub_size++;
+
+		p[i].list = list;
+		p[i].list_size = sub_size;
+		p[i].remaining = sub_size;
+
+		list += sub_size;
+		list_size -= sub_size;
+	}
 
-	if (!pack_to_stdout) {
-		cached_idx = git_path(cache, sha1_to_hex(sha1), "idx");
-		ifd_ix = open(cached_idx, O_RDONLY);
-		if (ifd_ix < 0) {
-			close(ifd);
-			return 0;
-		}
+	/* Start work threads. */
+	for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++) {
+		if (!p[i].list_size)
+			continue;
+		pthread_mutex_init(&p[i].mutex, NULL);
+		pthread_cond_init(&p[i].cond, NULL);
+		ret = pthread_create(&p[i].thread, NULL,
+				     threaded_find_deltas, &p[i]);
+		if (ret)
+			die("unable to create thread: %s", strerror(ret));
+		active_threads++;
 	}
 
-	if (progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Reusing %u objects pack %s\n", nr_objects,
-			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	/*
+	 * Now let's wait for work completion.  Each time a thread is done
+	 * with its work, we steal half of the remaining work from the
+	 * thread with the largest number of unprocessed objects and give
+	 * it to that newly idle thread.  This ensure good load balancing
+	 * until the remaining object list segments are simply too short
+	 * to be worth splitting anymore.
+	 */
+	while (active_threads) {
+		struct thread_params *target = NULL;
+		struct thread_params *victim = NULL;
+		unsigned sub_size = 0;
+
+		progress_lock();
+		for (;;) {
+			for (i = 0; !target && i < delta_search_threads; i++)
+				if (!p[i].working)
+					target = &p[i];
+			if (target)
+				break;
+			pthread_cond_wait(&progress_cond, &progress_mutex);
+		}
 
-	if (pack_to_stdout) {
-		if (copy_fd(ifd, 1))
-			exit(1);
-		close(ifd);
-	}
-	else {
-		char name[PATH_MAX];
-		snprintf(name, sizeof(name),
-			 "%s-%s.%s", base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1), "pack");
-		ofd = open(name, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666);
-		if (ofd < 0)
-			die("unable to open %s (%s)", name, strerror(errno));
-		if (copy_fd(ifd, ofd))
-			exit(1);
-		close(ifd);
-
-		snprintf(name, sizeof(name),
-			 "%s-%s.%s", base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1), "idx");
-		ofd = open(name, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666);
-		if (ofd < 0)
-			die("unable to open %s (%s)", name, strerror(errno));
-		if (copy_fd(ifd_ix, ofd))
-			exit(1);
-		close(ifd_ix);
-		puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++)
+			if (p[i].remaining > 2*window &&
+			    (!victim || victim->remaining < p[i].remaining))
+				victim = &p[i];
+		if (victim) {
+			sub_size = victim->remaining / 2;
+			list = victim->list + victim->list_size - sub_size;
+			while (sub_size && list[0]->hash &&
+			       list[0]->hash == list[-1]->hash) {
+				list++;
+				sub_size--;
+			}
+			if (!sub_size) {
+				/*
+				 * It is possible for some "paths" to have
+				 * so many objects that no hash boundary
+				 * might be found.  Let's just steal the
+				 * exact half in that case.
+				 */
+				sub_size = victim->remaining / 2;
+				list -= sub_size;
+			}
+			target->list = list;
+			victim->list_size -= sub_size;
+			victim->remaining -= sub_size;
+		}
+		target->list_size = sub_size;
+		target->remaining = sub_size;
+		target->working = 1;
+		progress_unlock();
+
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&target->mutex);
+		target->data_ready = 1;
+		pthread_cond_signal(&target->cond);
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&target->mutex);
+
+		if (!sub_size) {
+			pthread_join(target->thread, NULL);
+			pthread_cond_destroy(&target->cond);
+			pthread_mutex_destroy(&target->mutex);
+			active_threads--;
+		}
 	}
+}
 
-	return 1;
+#else
+#define ll_find_deltas(l, s, w, d, p)	find_deltas(l, &s, w, d, p)
+#endif
+
+static int add_ref_tag(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	unsigned char peeled[20];
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/") && /* is a tag? */
+	    !peel_ref(path, peeled)        && /* peelable? */
+	    !is_null_sha1(peeled)          && /* annotated tag? */
+	    locate_object_entry(peeled))      /* object packed? */
+		add_object_entry(sha1, OBJ_TAG, NULL, 0);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void setup_progress_signal(void)
+static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
 {
-	struct sigaction sa;
-	struct itimerval v;
-
-	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-	sa.sa_handler = progress_interval;
-	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
-
-	v.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
-	v.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
-	v.it_value = v.it_interval;
-	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
+	struct object_entry **delta_list;
+	uint32_t i, nr_deltas;
+	unsigned n;
+
+	get_object_details();
+
+	/*
+	 * If we're locally repacking then we need to be doubly careful
+	 * from now on in order to make sure no stealth corruption gets
+	 * propagated to the new pack.  Clients receiving streamed packs
+	 * should validate everything they get anyway so no need to incur
+	 * the additional cost here in that case.
+	 */
+	if (!pack_to_stdout)
+		do_check_packed_object_crc = 1;
+
+	if (!nr_objects || !window || !depth)
+		return;
+
+	delta_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*delta_list));
+	nr_deltas = n = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *entry = objects + i;
+
+		if (entry->delta)
+			/* This happens if we decided to reuse existing
+			 * delta from a pack.  "reuse_delta &&" is implied.
+			 */
+			continue;
+
+		if (entry->size < 50)
+			continue;
+
+		if (entry->no_try_delta)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!entry->preferred_base) {
+			nr_deltas++;
+			if (entry->type < 0)
+				die("unable to get type of object %s",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		} else {
+			if (entry->type < 0) {
+				/*
+				 * This object is not found, but we
+				 * don't have to include it anyway.
+				 */
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		delta_list[n++] = entry;
+	}
+
+	if (nr_deltas && n > 1) {
+		unsigned nr_done = 0;
+		if (progress)
+			progress_state = start_progress("Compressing objects",
+							nr_deltas);
+		qsort(delta_list, n, sizeof(*delta_list), type_size_sort);
+		ll_find_deltas(delta_list, n, window+1, depth, &nr_done);
+		stop_progress(&progress_state);
+		if (nr_done != nr_deltas)
+			die("inconsistency with delta count");
+	}
+	free(delta_list);
 }
 
-static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v)
+static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
 	if(!strcmp(k, "pack.window")) {
 		window = git_config_int(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(k, v);
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.windowmemory")) {
+		window_memory_limit = git_config_ulong(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.depth")) {
+		depth = git_config_int(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.compression")) {
+		int level = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (level == -1)
+			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+			die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
+		pack_compression_level = level;
+		pack_compression_seen = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.deltacachesize")) {
+		max_delta_cache_size = git_config_int(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.deltacachelimit")) {
+		cache_max_small_delta_size = git_config_int(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.threads")) {
+		delta_search_threads = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (delta_search_threads < 0)
+			die("invalid number of threads specified (%d)",
+			    delta_search_threads);
+#ifndef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+		if (delta_search_threads != 1)
+			warning("no threads support, ignoring %s", k);
+#endif
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.indexversion")) {
+		pack_idx_default_version = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (pack_idx_default_version > 2)
+			die("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32,
+				pack_idx_default_version);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.packsizelimit")) {
+		pack_size_limit_cfg = git_config_ulong(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
 static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 {
 	char line[40 + 1 + PATH_MAX + 2];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned hash;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
@@ -1455,7 +1875,7 @@ static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 			if (!ferror(stdin))
 				die("fgets returned NULL, not EOF, not error!");
 			if (errno != EINTR)
-				die("fgets: %s", strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("fgets");
 			clearerr(stdin);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1469,24 +1889,32 @@ static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 		if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
 			die("expected sha1, got garbage:\n %s", line);
 
-		hash = name_hash(line+41);
-		add_preferred_base_object(line+41, hash);
-		add_object_entry(sha1, hash, 0);
+		add_preferred_base_object(line+41);
+		add_object_entry(sha1, 0, line+41, 0);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
+#define OBJECT_ADDED (1u<<20)
+
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
-	unsigned hash = name_hash("");
-	add_preferred_base_object("", hash);
-	add_object_entry(commit->object.sha1, hash, 0);
+	add_object_entry(commit->object.sha1, OBJ_COMMIT, NULL, 0);
+	commit->object.flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *last)
 {
-	unsigned hash = name_hash(p->name);
-	add_preferred_base_object(p->name, hash);
-	add_object_entry(p->item->sha1, hash, 0);
+	char *name = path_name(path, last);
+
+	add_preferred_base_object(name);
+	add_object_entry(obj->sha1, obj->type, name, 0);
+	obj->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
+
+	/*
+	 * We will have generated the hash from the name,
+	 * but not saved a pointer to it - we can free it
+	 */
+	free((char *)name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -1494,6 +1922,128 @@ static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 	add_preferred_base(commit->object.sha1);
 }
 
+struct in_pack_object {
+	off_t offset;
+	struct object *object;
+};
+
+struct in_pack {
+	int alloc;
+	int nr;
+	struct in_pack_object *array;
+};
+
+static void mark_in_pack_object(struct object *object, struct packed_git *p, struct in_pack *in_pack)
+{
+	in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].offset = find_pack_entry_one(object->sha1, p);
+	in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].object = object;
+	in_pack->nr++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compare the objects in the offset order, in order to emulate the
+ * "git rev-list --objects" output that produced the pack originally.
+ */
+static int ofscmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct in_pack_object *a = (struct in_pack_object *)a_;
+	struct in_pack_object *b = (struct in_pack_object *)b_;
+
+	if (a->offset < b->offset)
+		return -1;
+	else if (a->offset > b->offset)
+		return 1;
+	else
+		return hashcmp(a->object->sha1, b->object->sha1);
+}
+
+static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	struct in_pack in_pack;
+	uint32_t i;
+
+	memset(&in_pack, 0, sizeof(in_pack));
+
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		struct object *o;
+
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
+			continue;
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			die("cannot open pack index");
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(in_pack.array,
+			   in_pack.nr + p->num_objects,
+			   in_pack.alloc);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
+			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+			o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
+			if (!(o->flags & OBJECT_ADDED))
+				mark_in_pack_object(o, p, &in_pack);
+			o->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (in_pack.nr) {
+		qsort(in_pack.array, in_pack.nr, sizeof(in_pack.array[0]),
+		      ofscmp);
+		for (i = 0; i < in_pack.nr; i++) {
+			struct object *o = in_pack.array[i].object;
+			add_object_entry(o->sha1, o->type, "", 0);
+		}
+	}
+	free(in_pack.array);
+}
+
+static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	p = (last_found != (void *)1) ? last_found : packed_git;
+
+	while (p) {
+		if ((!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep) &&
+			find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p)) {
+			last_found = p;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = packed_git;
+		else
+			p = p->next;
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = p->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	uint32_t i;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
+
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
+			continue;
+
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			die("cannot open pack index");
+
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
+			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+			if (!locate_object_entry(sha1) &&
+				!has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(sha1))
+				if (force_object_loose(sha1, p->mtime))
+					die("unable to force loose object");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -1502,12 +2052,11 @@ static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-	track_object_refs = 0;
 	setup_revisions(ac, av, &revs, NULL);
 
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
 		int len = strlen(line);
-		if (line[len - 1] == '\n')
+		if (len && line[len - 1] == '\n')
 			line[--len] = 0;
 		if (!len)
 			break;
@@ -1522,16 +2071,26 @@ static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
 	}
 
-	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
+
+	if (keep_unreachable)
+		add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(&revs);
+	if (unpack_unreachable)
+		loosen_unused_packed_objects(&revs);
+}
+
+static int adjust_perm(const char *path, mode_t mode)
+{
+	if (chmod(path, mode))
+		return -1;
+	return adjust_shared_perm(path);
 }
 
 int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-	int depth = 10;
-	struct object_entry **list;
 	int use_internal_rev_list = 0;
 	int thin = 0;
 	uint32_t i;
@@ -1545,7 +2104,9 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	rp_av[1] = "--objects"; /* --thin will make it --objects-edge */
 	rp_ac = 2;
 
-	git_config(git_pack_config);
+	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
+	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
+		pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
 
 	progress = isatty(2);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -1566,6 +2127,30 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			incremental = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp("--honor-pack-keep", arg)) {
+			ignore_packed_keep = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--compression=")) {
+			char *end;
+			int level = strtoul(arg+14, &end, 0);
+			if (!arg[14] || *end)
+				usage(pack_usage);
+			if (level == -1)
+				level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+			else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+				die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
+			pack_compression_level = level;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-pack-size=")) {
+			char *end;
+			pack_size_limit_cfg = 0;
+			pack_size_limit = strtoul(arg+16, &end, 0) * 1024 * 1024;
+			if (!arg[16] || *end)
+				usage(pack_usage);
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window=")) {
 			char *end;
 			window = strtoul(arg+9, &end, 0);
@@ -1573,6 +2158,23 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				usage(pack_usage);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window-memory=")) {
+			if (!git_parse_ulong(arg+16, &window_memory_limit))
+				usage(pack_usage);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--threads=")) {
+			char *end;
+			delta_search_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
+			if (!arg[10] || *end || delta_search_threads < 0)
+				usage(pack_usage);
+#ifndef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+			if (delta_search_threads != 1)
+				warning("no threads support, "
+					"ignoring %s", arg);
+#endif
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
 			char *end;
 			depth = strtoul(arg+8, &end, 0);
@@ -1593,7 +2195,11 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-delta", arg)) {
-			no_reuse_delta = 1;
+			reuse_delta = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-object", arg)) {
+			reuse_object = reuse_delta = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp("--delta-base-offset", arg)) {
@@ -1608,8 +2214,19 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp("--keep-unreachable", arg)) {
+			keep_unreachable = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--unpack-unreachable", arg)) {
+			unpack_unreachable = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
+			include_tag = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp("--unpacked", arg) ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "--unpacked=") ||
 		    !strcmp("--reflog", arg) ||
 		    !strcmp("--all", arg)) {
 			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
@@ -1627,6 +2244,21 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			rp_av[1] = "--objects-edge";
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--index-version=")) {
+			char *c;
+			pack_idx_default_version = strtoul(arg + 16, &c, 10);
+			if (pack_idx_default_version > 2)
+				die("bad %s", arg);
+			if (*c == ',')
+				pack_idx_off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
+			if (*c || pack_idx_off32_limit & 0x80000000)
+				die("bad %s", arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep-true-parents")) {
+			grafts_replace_parents = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
 		usage(pack_usage);
 	}
 
@@ -1649,59 +2281,45 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (pack_to_stdout != !base_name)
 		usage(pack_usage);
 
+	if (!pack_to_stdout && !pack_size_limit)
+		pack_size_limit = pack_size_limit_cfg;
+
+	if (pack_to_stdout && pack_size_limit)
+		die("--max-pack-size cannot be used to build a pack for transfer.");
+
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && thin)
 		die("--thin cannot be used to build an indexable pack.");
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
+	if (keep_unreachable && unpack_unreachable)
+		die("--keep-unreachable and --unpack-unreachable are incompatible.");
 
-	if (progress) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Generating pack...\n");
-		setup_progress_signal();
-	}
+#ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
+	if (!delta_search_threads)	/* --threads=0 means autodetect */
+		delta_search_threads = online_cpus();
+#endif
+
+	prepare_packed_git();
 
+	if (progress)
+		progress_state = start_progress("Counting objects", 0);
 	if (!use_internal_rev_list)
 		read_object_list_from_stdin();
 	else {
 		rp_av[rp_ac] = NULL;
 		get_object_list(rp_ac, rp_av);
 	}
+	if (include_tag && nr_result)
+		for_each_ref(add_ref_tag, NULL);
+	stop_progress(&progress_state);
 
-	if (progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Done counting %u objects.\n", nr_objects);
-	sorted_by_sha = create_final_object_list();
 	if (non_empty && !nr_result)
 		return 0;
-
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	list = sorted_by_sha;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_result; i++) {
-		struct object_entry *entry = *list++;
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, entry->sha1, 20);
-	}
-	SHA1_Final(object_list_sha1, &ctx);
-	if (progress && (nr_objects != nr_result))
-		fprintf(stderr, "Result has %u objects.\n", nr_result);
-
-	if (reuse_cached_pack(object_list_sha1))
-		;
-	else {
-		if (nr_result)
-			prepare_pack(window, depth);
-		if (progress == 1 && pack_to_stdout) {
-			/* the other end usually displays progress itself */
-			struct itimerval v = {{0,},};
-			setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
-			signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN );
-			progress_update = 0;
-		}
-		write_pack_file();
-		if (!pack_to_stdout) {
-			write_index_file();
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(object_list_sha1));
-		}
-	}
+	if (nr_result)
+		prepare_pack(window, depth);
+	write_pack_file();
 	if (progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Total %u (delta %u), reused %u (delta %u)\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, "Total %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32"),"
+			" reused %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32")\n",
 			written, written_delta, reused, reused_delta);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-pack-refs.c b/builtin-pack-refs.c
index d080e30d67..091860b2e3 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-refs.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-refs.c
@@ -1,134 +1,21 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "object.h"
-#include "tag.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "pack-refs.h"
 
-static const char builtin_pack_refs_usage[] =
-"git-pack-refs [--all] [--prune | --no-prune]";
-
-struct ref_to_prune {
-	struct ref_to_prune *next;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-struct pack_refs_cb_data {
-	int prune;
-	int all;
-	struct ref_to_prune *ref_to_prune;
-	FILE *refs_file;
+static char const * const pack_refs_usage[] = {
+	"git pack-refs [options]",
+	NULL
 };
 
-static int do_not_prune(int flags)
-{
-	/* If it is already packed or if it is a symref,
-	 * do not prune it.
-	 */
-	return (flags & (REF_ISSYMREF|REF_ISPACKED));
-}
-
-static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			  int flags, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct pack_refs_cb_data *cb = cb_data;
-	int is_tag_ref;
-
-	/* Do not pack the symbolic refs */
-	if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
-		return 0;
-	is_tag_ref = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
-
-	/* ALWAYS pack refs that were already packed or are tags */
-	if (!cb->all && !is_tag_ref && !(flags & REF_ISPACKED))
-		return 0;
-
-	fprintf(cb->refs_file, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
-	if (is_tag_ref) {
-		struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
-		if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			o = deref_tag(o, path, 0);
-			if (o)
-				fprintf(cb->refs_file, "^%s\n",
-					sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (cb->prune && !do_not_prune(flags)) {
-		int namelen = strlen(path) + 1;
-		struct ref_to_prune *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*n) + namelen);
-		hashcpy(n->sha1, sha1);
-		strcpy(n->name, path);
-		n->next = cb->ref_to_prune;
-		cb->ref_to_prune = n;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* make sure nobody touched the ref, and unlink */
-static void prune_ref(struct ref_to_prune *r)
-{
-	struct ref_lock *lock = lock_ref_sha1(r->name + 5, r->sha1);
-
-	if (lock) {
-		unlink(git_path("%s", r->name));
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-	}
-}
-
-static void prune_refs(struct ref_to_prune *r)
-{
-	while (r) {
-		prune_ref(r);
-		r = r->next;
-	}
-}
-
-static struct lock_file packed;
-
 int cmd_pack_refs(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int fd, i;
-	struct pack_refs_cb_data cbdata;
-
-	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
-
-	cbdata.prune = 1;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--prune")) {
-			cbdata.prune = 1; /* now the default */
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-prune")) {
-			cbdata.prune = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-			cbdata.all = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		/* perhaps other parameters later... */
-		break;
-	}
-	if (i != argc)
-		usage(builtin_pack_refs_usage);
-
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&packed, git_path("packed-refs"), 1);
-	cbdata.refs_file = fdopen(fd, "w");
-	if (!cbdata.refs_file)
-		die("unable to create ref-pack file structure (%s)",
-		    strerror(errno));
-
-	/* perhaps other traits later as well */
-	fprintf(cbdata.refs_file, "# pack-refs with: peeled \n");
-
-	for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &cbdata);
-	fflush(cbdata.refs_file);
-	fsync(fd);
-	fclose(cbdata.refs_file);
-	if (commit_lock_file(&packed) < 0)
-		die("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file (%s)", strerror(errno));
-	if (cbdata.prune)
-		prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
-	return 0;
+	unsigned int flags = PACK_REFS_PRUNE;
+	struct option opts[] = {
+		OPT_BIT(0, "all",   &flags, "pack everything", PACK_REFS_ALL),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, "prune loose refs (default)", PACK_REFS_PRUNE),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+	if (parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, pack_refs_usage, 0))
+		usage_with_options(pack_refs_usage, opts);
+	return pack_refs(flags);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-prune-packed.c b/builtin-prune-packed.c
index 977730064b..00590b1c3c 100644
--- a/builtin-prune-packed.c
+++ b/builtin-prune-packed.c
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "progress.h"
 
 static const char prune_packed_usage[] =
-"git-prune-packed [-n] [-q]";
+"git prune-packed [-n] [-q]";
 
 #define DRY_RUN 01
 #define VERBOSE 02
 
+static struct progress *progress;
+
 static void prune_dir(int i, DIR *dir, char *pathname, int len, int opts)
 {
 	struct dirent *de;
@@ -20,13 +23,14 @@ static void prune_dir(int i, DIR *dir, char *pathname, int len, int opts)
 		memcpy(hex+2, de->d_name, 38);
 		if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
 			continue;
-		if (!has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+		if (!has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 			continue;
 		memcpy(pathname + len, de->d_name, 38);
 		if (opts & DRY_RUN)
 			printf("rm -f %s\n", pathname);
-		else if (unlink(pathname) < 0)
-			error("unable to unlink %s", pathname);
+		else
+			unlink_or_warn(pathname);
+		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 	}
 	pathname[len] = 0;
 	rmdir(pathname);
@@ -39,6 +43,10 @@ void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
 	const char *dir = get_object_directory();
 	int len = strlen(dir);
 
+	if (opts == VERBOSE)
+		progress = start_progress_delay("Removing duplicate objects",
+			256, 95, 2);
+
 	if (len > PATH_MAX - 42)
 		die("impossible object directory");
 	memcpy(pathname, dir, len);
@@ -47,18 +55,15 @@ void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		DIR *d;
 
+		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 		sprintf(pathname + len, "%02x/", i);
 		d = opendir(pathname);
-		if (opts == VERBOSE && (d || i == 255))
-			fprintf(stderr, "Removing unused objects %d%%...\015",
-				((i+1) * 100) / 256);
 		if (!d)
 			continue;
 		prune_dir(i, d, pathname, len + 3, opts);
 		closedir(d);
 	}
-	if (opts == VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "\nDone.\n");
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 }
 
 int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -81,7 +86,6 @@ int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* Handle arguments here .. */
 		usage(prune_packed_usage);
 	}
-	sync();
 	prune_packed_objects(opts);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-prune.c b/builtin-prune.c
index 44df59e4a7..0ed9cce4a2 100644
--- a/builtin-prune.c
+++ b/builtin-prune.c
@@ -4,18 +4,50 @@
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "reachable.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
-static const char prune_usage[] = "git-prune [-n]";
+static const char * const prune_usage[] = {
+	"git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]",
+	NULL
+};
 static int show_only;
+static int verbose;
+static unsigned long expire;
+
+static int prune_tmp_object(const char *path, const char *filename)
+{
+	const char *fullpath = mkpath("%s/%s", path, filename);
+	if (expire) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (lstat(fullpath, &st))
+			return error("Could not stat '%s'", fullpath);
+		if (st.st_mtime > expire)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	printf("Removing stale temporary file %s\n", fullpath);
+	if (!show_only)
+		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static int prune_object(char *path, const char *filename, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	if (show_only) {
+	const char *fullpath = mkpath("%s/%s", path, filename);
+	if (expire) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (lstat(fullpath, &st))
+			return error("Could not stat '%s'", fullpath);
+		if (st.st_mtime > expire)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	if (show_only || verbose) {
 		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
 		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
 		       (type > 0) ? typename(type) : "unknown");
-	} else
-		unlink(mkpath("%s/%s", path, filename));
+	}
+	if (!show_only)
+		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -30,19 +62,12 @@ static int prune_dir(int i, char *path)
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		char name[100];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len = strlen(de->d_name);
 
-		switch (len) {
-		case 2:
-			if (de->d_name[1] != '.')
-				break;
-		case 1:
-			if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
-				break;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
-		case 38:
+		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38) {
 			sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, len+1);
+			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, 39);
 			if (get_sha1_hex(name, sha1) < 0)
 				break;
 
@@ -56,6 +81,10 @@ static int prune_dir(int i, char *path)
 			prune_object(path, de->d_name, sha1);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(de->d_name, "tmp_obj_")) {
+			prune_tmp_object(path, de->d_name);
+			continue;
+		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "bad sha1 file: %s/%s\n", path, de->d_name);
 	}
 	if (!show_only)
@@ -74,27 +103,66 @@ static void prune_object_dir(const char *path)
 	}
 }
 
-int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+/*
+ * Write errors (particularly out of space) can result in
+ * failed temporary packs (and more rarely indexes and other
+ * files begining with "tmp_") accumulating in the object
+ * and the pack directories.
+ */
+static void remove_temporary_files(const char *path)
 {
-	int i;
-	struct rev_info revs;
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *de;
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-n")) {
-			show_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(prune_usage);
+	dir = opendir(path);
+	if (!dir) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open directory %s\n", path);
+		return;
 	}
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
+		if (!prefixcmp(de->d_name, "tmp_"))
+			prune_tmp_object(path, de->d_name);
+	closedir(dir);
+}
+
+int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &show_only,
+			    "do not remove, show only"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &verbose,
+			"report pruned objects"),
+		OPT_DATE(0, "expire", &expire,
+			 "expire objects older than <time>"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	char *s;
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
-	mark_reachable_objects(&revs, 1);
 
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, prune_usage, 0);
+	while (argc--) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *name = *argv++;
+
+		if (!get_sha1(name, sha1)) {
+			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
+			if (!object)
+				die("bad object: %s", name);
+			add_pending_object(&revs, object, "");
+		}
+		else
+			die("unrecognized argument: %s", name);
+	}
+	mark_reachable_objects(&revs, 1);
 	prune_object_dir(get_object_directory());
 
-	sync();
 	prune_packed_objects(show_only);
+	remove_temporary_files(get_object_directory());
+	s = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/pack", get_object_directory()));
+	remove_temporary_files(s);
+	free(s);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-push.c b/builtin-push.c
index cb78401c94..1d92e22f0a 100644
--- a/builtin-push.c
+++ b/builtin-push.c
@@ -5,17 +5,18 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-#define MAX_URI (16)
-
-static const char push_usage[] = "git-push [--all] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--repo=all] [-f | --force] [-v] [<repository> <refspec>...]";
+static const char * const push_usage[] = {
+	"git push [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--porcelain] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
+	NULL,
+};
 
-static int all, tags, force, thin = 1, verbose;
+static int thin;
 static const char *receivepack;
 
-#define BUF_SIZE (2084)
-static char buffer[BUF_SIZE];
-
 static const char **refspec;
 static int refspec_nr;
 
@@ -27,333 +28,133 @@ static void add_refspec(const char *ref)
 	refspec_nr = nr;
 }
 
-static int expand_one_ref(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	/* Ignore the "refs/" at the beginning of the refname */
-	ref += 5;
-
-	if (!prefixcmp(ref, "tags/"))
-		add_refspec(xstrdup(ref));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void expand_refspecs(void)
+static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr)
 {
-	if (all) {
-		if (refspec_nr)
-			die("cannot mix '--all' and a refspec");
-
-		/*
-		 * No need to expand "--all" - we'll just use
-		 * the "--all" flag to send-pack
-		 */
-		return;
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		const char *ref = refs[i];
+		if (!strcmp("tag", ref)) {
+			char *tag;
+			int len;
+			if (nr <= ++i)
+				die("tag shorthand without <tag>");
+			len = strlen(refs[i]) + 11;
+			tag = xmalloc(len);
+			strcpy(tag, "refs/tags/");
+			strcat(tag, refs[i]);
+			ref = tag;
+		}
+		add_refspec(ref);
 	}
-	if (!tags)
-		return;
-	for_each_ref(expand_one_ref, NULL);
 }
 
-struct wildcard_cb {
-	const char *from_prefix;
-	int from_prefix_len;
-	const char *to_prefix;
-	int to_prefix_len;
-	int force;
-};
-
-static int expand_wildcard_ref(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static void setup_push_tracking(void)
 {
-	struct wildcard_cb *cb = cb_data;
-	int len = strlen(ref);
-	char *expanded, *newref;
-
-	if (len < cb->from_prefix_len ||
-	    memcmp(cb->from_prefix, ref, cb->from_prefix_len))
-		return 0;
-	expanded = xmalloc(len * 2 + cb->force +
-			   (cb->to_prefix_len - cb->from_prefix_len) + 2);
-	newref = expanded + cb->force;
-	if (cb->force)
-		expanded[0] = '+';
-	memcpy(newref, ref, len);
-	newref[len] = ':';
-	memcpy(newref + len + 1, cb->to_prefix, cb->to_prefix_len);
-	strcpy(newref + len + 1 + cb->to_prefix_len,
-	       ref + cb->from_prefix_len);
-	add_refspec(expanded);
-	return 0;
+	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
+	if (!branch)
+		die("You are not currently on a branch.");
+	if (!branch->merge_nr)
+		die("The current branch %s is not tracking anything.",
+		    branch->name);
+	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
+		die("The current branch %s is tracking multiple branches, "
+		    "refusing to push.", branch->name);
+	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
+	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
 }
 
-static int wildcard_ref(const char *ref)
+static void setup_default_push_refspecs(void)
 {
-	int len;
-	const char *colon;
-	struct wildcard_cb cb;
-
-	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
-	if (ref[0] == '+') {
-		cb.force = 1;
-		ref++;
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	switch (push_default) {
+	default:
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
+		add_refspec(":");
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING:
+		setup_push_tracking();
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
+		add_refspec("HEAD");
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
+		die("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
+		    "push.default is \"nothing\".");
+		break;
 	}
-	len = strlen(ref);
-	colon = strchr(ref, ':');
-	if (! (colon && ref < colon &&
-	       colon[-2] == '/' && colon[-1] == '*' &&
-	       /* "<mine>/<asterisk>:<yours>/<asterisk>" is at least 7 bytes */
-	       7 <= len &&
-	       ref[len-2] == '/' && ref[len-1] == '*') )
-		return 0 ;
-	cb.from_prefix = ref;
-	cb.from_prefix_len = colon - ref - 1;
-	cb.to_prefix = colon + 1;
-	cb.to_prefix_len = len - (colon - ref) - 2;
-	for_each_ref(expand_wildcard_ref, &cb);
-	return 1;
 }
 
-static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr)
+static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 {
-	if (nr) {
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
-			const char *ref = refs[i];
-			if (!strcmp("tag", ref)) {
-				char *tag;
-				int len;
-				if (nr <= ++i)
-					die("tag shorthand without <tag>");
-				len = strlen(refs[i]) + 11;
-				tag = xmalloc(len);
-				strcpy(tag, "refs/tags/");
-				strcat(tag, refs[i]);
-				ref = tag;
-			}
-			else if (wildcard_ref(ref))
-				continue;
-			add_refspec(ref);
-		}
+	int i, errs;
+	struct remote *remote = remote_get(repo);
+	const char **url;
+	int url_nr;
+
+	if (!remote) {
+		if (repo)
+			die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
+		die("No destination configured to push to.");
 	}
-	expand_refspecs();
-}
-
-static int get_remotes_uri(const char *repo, const char *uri[MAX_URI])
-{
-	int n = 0;
-	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("remotes/%s", repo), "r");
-	int has_explicit_refspec = refspec_nr || all || tags;
 
-	if (!f)
-		return -1;
-	while (fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f)) {
-		int is_refspec;
-		char *s, *p;
-
-		if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "URL:")) {
-			is_refspec = 0;
-			s = buffer + 4;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "Push:")) {
-			is_refspec = 1;
-			s = buffer + 5;
-		} else
-			continue;
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		flags |= (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
 
-		/* Remove whitespace at the head.. */
-		while (isspace(*s))
-			s++;
-		if (!*s)
-			continue;
-
-		/* ..and at the end */
-		p = s + strlen(s);
-		while (isspace(p[-1]))
-			*--p = 0;
-
-		if (!is_refspec) {
-			if (n < MAX_URI)
-				uri[n++] = xstrdup(s);
-			else
-				error("more than %d URL's specified, ignoring the rest", MAX_URI);
-		}
-		else if (is_refspec && !has_explicit_refspec) {
-			if (!wildcard_ref(s))
-				add_refspec(xstrdup(s));
-		}
+	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) && refspec) {
+		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
+			return error("--all and --tags are incompatible");
+		return error("--all can't be combined with refspecs");
 	}
-	fclose(f);
-	if (!n)
-		die("remote '%s' has no URL", repo);
-	return n;
-}
-
-static const char **config_uri;
-static const char *config_repo;
-static int config_repo_len;
-static int config_current_uri;
-static int config_get_refspecs;
-static int config_get_receivepack;
 
-static int get_remote_config(const char* key, const char* value)
-{
-	if (!prefixcmp(key, "remote.") &&
-	    !strncmp(key + 7, config_repo, config_repo_len)) {
-		if (!strcmp(key + 7 + config_repo_len, ".url")) {
-			if (config_current_uri < MAX_URI)
-				config_uri[config_current_uri++] = xstrdup(value);
-			else
-				error("more than %d URL's specified, ignoring the rest", MAX_URI);
-		}
-		else if (config_get_refspecs &&
-			 !strcmp(key + 7 + config_repo_len, ".push")) {
-			if (!wildcard_ref(value))
-				add_refspec(xstrdup(value));
-		}
-		else if (config_get_receivepack &&
-			 !strcmp(key + 7 + config_repo_len, ".receivepack")) {
-			if (!receivepack) {
-				char *rp = xmalloc(strlen(value) + 16);
-				sprintf(rp, "--receive-pack=%s", value);
-				receivepack = rp;
-			} else
-				error("more than one receivepack given, using the first");
-		}
+	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) && refspec) {
+		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
+			return error("--mirror and --tags are incompatible");
+		return error("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs");
 	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int get_config_remotes_uri(const char *repo, const char *uri[MAX_URI])
-{
-	config_repo_len = strlen(repo);
-	config_repo = repo;
-	config_current_uri = 0;
-	config_uri = uri;
-	config_get_refspecs = !(refspec_nr || all || tags);
-	config_get_receivepack = (receivepack == NULL);
-
-	git_config(get_remote_config);
-	return config_current_uri;
-}
-
-static int get_branches_uri(const char *repo, const char *uri[MAX_URI])
-{
-	const char *slash = strchr(repo, '/');
-	int n = slash ? slash - repo : 1000;
-	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("branches/%.*s", n, repo), "r");
-	char *s, *p;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!f)
-		return 0;
-	s = fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f);
-	fclose(f);
-	if (!s)
-		return 0;
-	while (isspace(*s))
-		s++;
-	if (!*s)
-		return 0;
-	p = s + strlen(s);
-	while (isspace(p[-1]))
-		*--p = 0;
-	len = p - s;
-	if (slash)
-		len += strlen(slash);
-	p = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	strcpy(p, s);
-	if (slash)
-		strcat(p, slash);
-	uri[0] = p;
-	return 1;
-}
 
-/*
- * Read remotes and branches file, fill the push target URI
- * list.  If there is no command line refspecs, read Push: lines
- * to set up the *refspec list as well.
- * return the number of push target URIs
- */
-static int read_config(const char *repo, const char *uri[MAX_URI])
-{
-	int n;
-
-	if (*repo != '/') {
-		n = get_remotes_uri(repo, uri);
-		if (n > 0)
-			return n;
-
-		n = get_config_remotes_uri(repo, uri);
-		if (n > 0)
-			return n;
-
-		n = get_branches_uri(repo, uri);
-		if (n > 0)
-			return n;
+	if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) ==
+				(TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) {
+		return error("--all and --mirror are incompatible");
 	}
 
-	uri[0] = repo;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int do_push(const char *repo)
-{
-	const char *uri[MAX_URI];
-	int i, n, errs;
-	int common_argc;
-	const char **argv;
-	int argc;
-
-	n = read_config(repo, uri);
-	if (n <= 0)
-		die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
-
-	argv = xmalloc((refspec_nr + 10) * sizeof(char *));
-	argv[0] = "dummy-send-pack";
-	argc = 1;
-	if (all)
-		argv[argc++] = "--all";
-	if (force)
-		argv[argc++] = "--force";
-	if (receivepack)
-		argv[argc++] = receivepack;
-	common_argc = argc;
-
+	if (!refspec && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
+		if (remote->push_refspec_nr) {
+			refspec = remote->push_refspec;
+			refspec_nr = remote->push_refspec_nr;
+		} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
+			setup_default_push_refspecs();
+	}
 	errs = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
+		url = remote->pushurl;
+		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
+	} else {
+		url = remote->url;
+		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
+		struct transport *transport =
+			transport_get(remote, url[i]);
 		int err;
-		int dest_argc = common_argc;
-		int dest_refspec_nr = refspec_nr;
-		const char **dest_refspec = refspec;
-		const char *dest = uri[i];
-		const char *sender = "send-pack";
-		if (!prefixcmp(dest, "http://") ||
-		    !prefixcmp(dest, "https://"))
-			sender = "http-push";
-		else if (thin)
-			argv[dest_argc++] = "--thin";
-		argv[0] = sender;
-		argv[dest_argc++] = dest;
-		while (dest_refspec_nr--)
-			argv[dest_argc++] = *dest_refspec++;
-		argv[dest_argc] = NULL;
-		if (verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", dest);
-		err = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		if (receivepack)
+			transport_set_option(transport,
+					     TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK, receivepack);
+		if (thin)
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, "yes");
+
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", url[i]);
+		err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
+		err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
+
 		if (!err)
 			continue;
 
-		error("failed to push to '%s'", uri[i]);
-		switch (err) {
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-			error("unable to fork for %s", sender);
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-			error("unable to exec %s", sender);
-			break;
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-			error("%s died with strange error", sender);
-		}
+		error("failed to push some refs to '%s'", url[i]);
 		errs++;
 	}
 	return !!errs;
@@ -361,55 +162,40 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo)
 
 int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-	const char *repo = "origin";	/* default repository */
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (arg[0] != '-') {
-			repo = arg;
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			verbose=1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--repo=")) {
-			repo = arg+7;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-			all = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-			tags = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--force") || !strcmp(arg, "-f")) {
-			force = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--thin")) {
-			thin = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-thin")) {
-			thin = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--receive-pack=")) {
-			receivepack = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-			receivepack = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(push_usage);
+	int flags = 0;
+	int tags = 0;
+	int rc;
+	const char *repo = NULL;	/* default repository */
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('v', "verbose", &flags, "be verbose", TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE),
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, "repository", "repository"),
+		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, "push all refs", TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
+		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, "mirror all refs",
+			    (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "tags", &tags, "push tags"),
+		OPT_BIT( 0 , "dry-run", &flags, "dry run", TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, "machine-readable output", TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, "force updates", TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "thin", &thin, "use thin pack"),
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", "receive pack program"),
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", "receive pack program"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
+
+	if (tags)
+		add_refspec("refs/tags/*");
+
+	if (argc > 0) {
+		repo = argv[0];
+		set_refspecs(argv + 1, argc - 1);
 	}
-	set_refspecs(argv + i, argc - i);
-	return do_push(repo);
+
+	rc = do_push(repo, flags);
+	if (rc == -1)
+		usage_with_options(push_usage, options);
+	else
+		return rc;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-read-tree.c b/builtin-read-tree.c
index 316fb0f8da..82e25eaa07 100644
--- a/builtin-read-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-read-tree.c
@@ -13,78 +13,23 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
-static struct object_list *trees;
+static int nr_trees;
+static struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 
 static int list_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct tree *tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	struct tree *tree;
+
+	if (nr_trees >= MAX_UNPACK_TREES)
+		die("I cannot read more than %d trees", MAX_UNPACK_TREES);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		return -1;
-	object_list_append(&tree->object, &trees);
+	trees[nr_trees++] = tree;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int read_cache_unmerged(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct cache_entry **dst;
-	struct cache_entry *last = NULL;
-
-	read_cache();
-	dst = active_cache;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
-			if (last && !strcmp(ce->name, last->name))
-				continue;
-			cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, ce->name);
-			last = ce;
-			ce->ce_mode = 0;
-			ce->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
-		}
-		*dst++ = ce;
-	}
-	active_nr = dst - active_cache;
-	return !!last;
-}
-
-static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
-{
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	struct name_entry entry;
-	int cnt;
-
-	hashcpy(it->sha1, tree->object.sha1);
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
-	cnt = 0;
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			cnt++;
-		else {
-			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
-			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
-			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
-				parse_tree(subtree);
-			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
-			sub->cache_tree = cache_tree();
-			prime_cache_tree_rec(sub->cache_tree, subtree);
-			cnt += sub->cache_tree->entry_count;
-		}
-	}
-	it->entry_count = cnt;
-}
-
-static void prime_cache_tree(void)
-{
-	struct tree *tree = (struct tree *)trees->item;
-	if (!tree)
-		return;
-	active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
-	prime_cache_tree_rec(active_cache_tree, tree);
-
-}
-
-static const char read_tree_usage[] = "git-read-tree (<sha> | [[-m [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <sha1> [<sha2> [<sha3>]])";
+static const char read_tree_usage[] = "git read-tree (<sha> | [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <sha1> [<sha2> [<sha3>]])";
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
@@ -92,18 +37,18 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int i, newfd, stage = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = -1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
@@ -190,7 +135,7 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 				die("more than one --exclude-per-directory are given.");
 
 			dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*opts.dir));
-			dir->show_ignored = 1;
+			dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 			dir->exclude_per_dir = arg + 24;
 			opts.dir = dir;
 			/* We do not need to nor want to do read-directory
@@ -214,27 +159,8 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 		usage(read_tree_usage);
 	if ((opts.dir && !opts.update))
 		die("--exclude-per-directory is meaningless unless -u");
-
-	if (opts.prefix) {
-		int pfxlen = strlen(opts.prefix);
-		int pos;
-		if (opts.prefix[pfxlen-1] != '/')
-			die("prefix must end with /");
-		if (stage != 2)
-			die("binding merge takes only one tree");
-		pos = cache_name_pos(opts.prefix, pfxlen);
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			die("corrupt index file");
-		pos = -pos-1;
-		if (pos < active_nr &&
-		    !strncmp(active_cache[pos]->name, opts.prefix, pfxlen))
-			die("subdirectory '%s' already exists.", opts.prefix);
-		pos = cache_name_pos(opts.prefix, pfxlen-1);
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			die("file '%.*s' already exists.",
-					pfxlen-1, opts.prefix);
-		opts.pos = -1 - pos;
-	}
+	if (opts.merge && !opts.index_only)
+		setup_work_tree();
 
 	if (opts.merge) {
 		if (stage < 2)
@@ -245,11 +171,11 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 			break;
 		case 2:
 			opts.fn = twoway_merge;
+			opts.initial_checkout = is_cache_unborn();
 			break;
 		case 3:
 		default:
 			opts.fn = threeway_merge;
-			cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -259,21 +185,31 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 			opts.head_idx = 1;
 	}
 
-	unpack_trees(trees, &opts);
+	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
+		struct tree *tree = trees[i];
+		parse_tree(tree);
+		init_tree_desc(t+i, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	}
+	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
+		return 128;
 
 	/*
 	 * When reading only one tree (either the most basic form,
 	 * "-m ent" or "--reset ent" form), we can obtain a fully
 	 * valid cache-tree because the index must match exactly
 	 * what came from the tree.
+	 *
+	 * The same holds true if we are switching between two trees
+	 * using read-tree -m A B.  The index must match B after that.
 	 */
-	if (trees && trees->item && !opts.prefix && (!opts.merge || (stage == 2))) {
-		cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
-		prime_cache_tree();
-	}
+	if (nr_trees == 1 && !opts.prefix)
+		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, trees[0]);
+	else if (nr_trees == 2 && opts.merge)
+		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, trees[1]);
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	    close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
+	    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
 		die("unable to write new index file");
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/receive-pack.c b/builtin-receive-pack.c
index 26aa26bcb5..6ec1d056e6 100644
--- a/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-receive-pack.c
@@ -6,20 +6,53 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "object.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "transport.h"
 
-static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git-receive-pack <git-dir>";
+static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git receive-pack <git-dir>";
 
-static int deny_non_fast_forwards = 0;
+enum deny_action {
+	DENY_UNCONFIGURED,
+	DENY_IGNORE,
+	DENY_WARN,
+	DENY_REFUSE,
+};
+
+static int deny_deletes;
+static int deny_non_fast_forwards;
+static enum deny_action deny_current_branch = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
+static enum deny_action deny_delete_current = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
+static int receive_fsck_objects;
 static int receive_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int report_status;
+static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
+static const char *head_name;
+static char *capabilities_to_send;
 
-static char capabilities[] = " report-status delete-refs ";
-static int capabilities_sent;
+static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (value) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "ignore"))
+			return DENY_IGNORE;
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "warn"))
+			return DENY_WARN;
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "refuse"))
+			return DENY_REFUSE;
+	}
+	if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+		return DENY_REFUSE;
+	return DENY_IGNORE;
+}
 
-static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.denydeletes") == 0) {
+		deny_deletes = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (strcmp(var, "receive.denynonfastforwards") == 0) {
 		deny_non_fast_forwards = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -35,24 +68,44 @@ static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.fsckobjects") == 0) {
+		receive_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "receive.denycurrentbranch")) {
+		deny_current_branch = parse_deny_action(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.denydeletecurrent") == 0) {
+		deny_delete_current = parse_deny_action(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
+		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (capabilities_sent)
+	if (!capabilities_to_send)
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
 	else
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s\n",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0, capabilities);
-	capabilities_sent = 1;
+			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0, capabilities_to_send);
+	capabilities_to_send = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void write_head_info(void)
 {
 	for_each_ref(show_ref, NULL);
-	if (!capabilities_sent)
+	if (capabilities_to_send)
 		show_ref("capabilities^{}", null_sha1, 0, NULL);
 
 }
@@ -70,32 +123,32 @@ static struct command *commands;
 static const char pre_receive_hook[] = "hooks/pre-receive";
 static const char post_receive_hook[] = "hooks/post-receive";
 
-static int hook_status(int code, const char *hook_name)
+static int run_status(int code, const char *cmd_name)
 {
 	switch (code) {
 	case 0:
 		return 0;
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-		return error("hook fork failed");
+		return error("fork of %s failed", cmd_name);
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-		return error("hook execute failed");
+		return error("execute of %s failed", cmd_name);
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE:
-		return error("hook pipe failed");
+		return error("pipe failed");
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
 		return error("waitpid failed");
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
 		return error("waitpid is confused");
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-		return error("%s died of signal", hook_name);
+		return error("%s died of signal", cmd_name);
 	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-		return error("%s died strangely", hook_name);
+		return error("%s died strangely", cmd_name);
 	default:
-		error("%s exited with error code %d", hook_name, -code);
+		error("%s exited with error code %d", cmd_name, -code);
 		return -code;
 	}
 }
 
-static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
+static int run_receive_hook(const char *hook_name)
 {
 	static char buf[sizeof(commands->old_sha1) * 2 + PATH_MAX + 4];
 	struct command *cmd;
@@ -121,7 +174,7 @@ static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
 
 	code = start_command(&proc);
 	if (code)
-		return hook_status(code, hook_name);
+		return run_status(code, hook_name);
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		if (!cmd->error_string) {
 			size_t n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s %s\n",
@@ -132,13 +185,13 @@ static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
 				break;
 		}
 	}
-	return hook_status(finish_command(&proc), hook_name);
+	close(proc.in);
+	return run_status(finish_command(&proc), hook_name);
 }
 
 static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
 	static const char update_hook[] = "hooks/update";
-	struct child_process proc;
 	const char *argv[5];
 
 	if (access(update_hook, X_OK) < 0)
@@ -150,12 +203,74 @@ static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 	argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1);
 	argv[4] = NULL;
 
-	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
-	proc.argv = argv;
-	proc.no_stdin = 1;
-	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	return run_status(run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN |
+					RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR),
+			update_hook);
+}
+
+static int is_ref_checked_out(const char *ref)
+{
+	if (is_bare_repository())
+		return 0;
 
-	return hook_status(run_command(&proc), update_hook);
+	if (!head_name)
+		return 0;
+	return !strcmp(head_name, ref);
+}
+
+static char *warn_unconfigured_deny_msg[] = {
+	"Updating the currently checked out branch may cause confusion,",
+	"as the index and work tree do not reflect changes that are in HEAD.",
+	"As a result, you may see the changes you just pushed into it",
+	"reverted when you run 'git diff' over there, and you may want",
+	"to run 'git reset --hard' before starting to work to recover.",
+	"",
+	"You can set 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to",
+	"'refuse' in the remote repository to forbid pushing into its",
+	"current branch."
+	"",
+	"To allow pushing into the current branch, you can set it to 'ignore';",
+	"but this is not recommended unless you arranged to update its work",
+	"tree to match what you pushed in some other way.",
+	"",
+	"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'warn'.",
+	"",
+	"Note that the default will change in a future version of git",
+	"to refuse updating the current branch unless you have the",
+	"configuration variable set to either 'ignore' or 'warn'."
+};
+
+static void warn_unconfigured_deny(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(warn_unconfigured_deny_msg); i++)
+		warning("%s", warn_unconfigured_deny_msg[i]);
+}
+
+static char *warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[] = {
+	"Deleting the current branch can cause confusion by making the next",
+	"'git clone' not check out any file.",
+	"",
+	"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to",
+	"'refuse' in the remote repository to disallow deleting the current",
+	"branch.",
+	"",
+	"You can set it to 'ignore' to allow such a delete without a warning.",
+	"",
+	"To make this warning message less loud, you can set it to 'warn'.",
+	"",
+	"Note that the default will change in a future version of git",
+	"to refuse deleting the current branch unless you have the",
+	"configuration variable set to either 'ignore' or 'warn'."
+};
+
+static void warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0;
+	     i < ARRAY_SIZE(warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg);
+	     i++)
+		warning("%s", warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[i]);
 }
 
 static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
@@ -165,24 +280,75 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 	unsigned char *new_sha1 = cmd->new_sha1;
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 
-	if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/") && check_ref_format(name + 5)) {
-		error("refusing to create funny ref '%s' locally", name);
+	/* only refs/... are allowed */
+	if (prefixcmp(name, "refs/") || check_ref_format(name + 5)) {
+		error("refusing to create funny ref '%s' remotely", name);
 		return "funny refname";
 	}
 
+	if (is_ref_checked_out(name)) {
+		switch (deny_current_branch) {
+		case DENY_IGNORE:
+			break;
+		case DENY_UNCONFIGURED:
+		case DENY_WARN:
+			warning("updating the current branch");
+			if (deny_current_branch == DENY_UNCONFIGURED)
+				warn_unconfigured_deny();
+			break;
+		case DENY_REFUSE:
+			error("refusing to update checked out branch: %s", name);
+			return "branch is currently checked out";
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (!is_null_sha1(new_sha1) && !has_sha1_file(new_sha1)) {
 		error("unpack should have generated %s, "
 		      "but I can't find it!", sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
 		return "bad pack";
 	}
+
+	if (!is_null_sha1(old_sha1) && is_null_sha1(new_sha1)) {
+		if (deny_deletes && !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
+			error("denying ref deletion for %s", name);
+			return "deletion prohibited";
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(name, head_name)) {
+			switch (deny_delete_current) {
+			case DENY_IGNORE:
+				break;
+			case DENY_WARN:
+			case DENY_UNCONFIGURED:
+				if (deny_delete_current == DENY_UNCONFIGURED)
+					warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current();
+				warning("deleting the current branch");
+				break;
+			case DENY_REFUSE:
+				error("refusing to delete the current branch: %s", name);
+				return "deletion of the current branch prohibited";
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (deny_non_fast_forwards && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
 	    !is_null_sha1(old_sha1) &&
 	    !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
+		struct object *old_object, *new_object;
 		struct commit *old_commit, *new_commit;
 		struct commit_list *bases, *ent;
 
-		old_commit = (struct commit *)parse_object(old_sha1);
-		new_commit = (struct commit *)parse_object(new_sha1);
+		old_object = parse_object(old_sha1);
+		new_object = parse_object(new_sha1);
+
+		if (!old_object || !new_object ||
+		    old_object->type != OBJ_COMMIT ||
+		    new_object->type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
+			error("bad sha1 objects for %s", name);
+			return "bad ref";
+		}
+		old_commit = (struct commit *)old_object;
+		new_commit = (struct commit *)new_object;
 		bases = get_merge_bases(old_commit, new_commit, 1);
 		for (ent = bases; ent; ent = ent->next)
 			if (!hashcmp(old_sha1, ent->item->object.sha1))
@@ -200,16 +366,18 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 	}
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(new_sha1)) {
-		if (delete_ref(name, old_sha1)) {
+		if (!parse_object(old_sha1)) {
+			warning ("Allowing deletion of corrupt ref.");
+			old_sha1 = NULL;
+		}
+		if (delete_ref(name, old_sha1, 0)) {
 			error("failed to delete %s", name);
 			return "failed to delete";
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s -> deleted\n", name,
-			sha1_to_hex(old_sha1));
 		return NULL; /* good */
 	}
 	else {
-		lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(name, old_sha1);
+		lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(name, old_sha1, 0);
 		if (!lock) {
 			error("failed to lock %s", name);
 			return "failed to lock";
@@ -217,8 +385,6 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 		if (write_ref_sha1(lock, new_sha1, "push")) {
 			return "failed to write"; /* error() already called */
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s -> %s\n", name,
-			sha1_to_hex(old_sha1), sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
 		return NULL; /* good */
 	}
 }
@@ -228,7 +394,7 @@ static char update_post_hook[] = "hooks/post-update";
 static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
 	struct command *cmd_p;
-	int argc;
+	int argc, status;
 	const char **argv;
 
 	for (argc = 0, cmd_p = cmd; cmd_p; cmd_p = cmd_p->next) {
@@ -251,13 +417,15 @@ static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *cmd)
 		argc++;
 	}
 	argv[argc] = NULL;
-	run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN
-		| RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR);
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN
+			| RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR);
+	run_status(status, update_post_hook);
 }
 
 static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 {
 	struct command *cmd = commands;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (unpacker_error) {
 		while (cmd) {
@@ -267,7 +435,7 @@ static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (run_hook(pre_receive_hook)) {
+	if (run_receive_hook(pre_receive_hook)) {
 		while (cmd) {
 			cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
 			cmd = cmd->next;
@@ -275,6 +443,8 @@ static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 		return;
 	}
 
+	head_name = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
+
 	while (cmd) {
 		cmd->error_string = update(cmd);
 		cmd = cmd->next;
@@ -352,82 +522,58 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 	hdr_err = parse_pack_header(&hdr);
 	if (hdr_err)
 		return hdr_err;
-	snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg), "--pack_header=%u,%u",
+	snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
+			"--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
 			ntohl(hdr.hdr_version), ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries));
 
 	if (ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit) {
-		int code;
-		const char *unpacker[3];
-		unpacker[0] = "unpack-objects";
-		unpacker[1] = hdr_arg;
-		unpacker[2] = NULL;
+		int code, i = 0;
+		const char *unpacker[4];
+		unpacker[i++] = "unpack-objects";
+		if (receive_fsck_objects)
+			unpacker[i++] = "--strict";
+		unpacker[i++] = hdr_arg;
+		unpacker[i++] = NULL;
 		code = run_command_v_opt(unpacker, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-		switch (code) {
-		case 0:
+		if (!code)
 			return NULL;
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-			return "unpack fork failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-			return "unpack execute failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
-			return "waitpid failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
-			return "waitpid is confused";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-			return "unpacker died of signal";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-			return "unpacker died strangely";
-		default:
-			return "unpacker exited with error code";
-		}
+		run_status(code, unpacker[0]);
+		return "unpack-objects abnormal exit";
 	} else {
-		const char *keeper[6];
-		int s, len, status;
+		const char *keeper[7];
+		int s, status, i = 0;
 		char keep_arg[256];
-		char packname[46];
 		struct child_process ip;
 
-		s = sprintf(keep_arg, "--keep=receive-pack %i on ", getpid());
+		s = sprintf(keep_arg, "--keep=receive-pack %"PRIuMAX" on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
 		if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
 			strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
 
-		keeper[0] = "index-pack";
-		keeper[1] = "--stdin";
-		keeper[2] = "--fix-thin";
-		keeper[3] = hdr_arg;
-		keeper[4] = keep_arg;
-		keeper[5] = NULL;
+		keeper[i++] = "index-pack";
+		keeper[i++] = "--stdin";
+		if (receive_fsck_objects)
+			keeper[i++] = "--strict";
+		keeper[i++] = "--fix-thin";
+		keeper[i++] = hdr_arg;
+		keeper[i++] = keep_arg;
+		keeper[i++] = NULL;
 		memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
 		ip.argv = keeper;
 		ip.out = -1;
 		ip.git_cmd = 1;
-		if (start_command(&ip))
+		status = start_command(&ip);
+		if (status) {
+			run_status(status, keeper[0]);
 			return "index-pack fork failed";
-
-		/*
-		 * The first thing we expects from index-pack's output
-		 * is "pack\t%40s\n" or "keep\t%40s\n" (46 bytes) where
-		 * %40s is the newly created pack SHA1 name.  In the "keep"
-		 * case, we need it to remove the corresponding .keep file
-		 * later on.  If we don't get that then tough luck with it.
-		 */
-		for (len = 0;
-		     len < 46 && (s = xread(ip.out, packname+len, 46-len)) > 0;
-		     len += s);
-		if (len == 46 && packname[45] == '\n' &&
-		    memcmp(packname, "keep\t", 5) == 0) {
-			char path[PATH_MAX];
-			packname[45] = 0;
-			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-				 get_object_directory(), packname + 5);
-			pack_lockfile = xstrdup(path);
 		}
-
+		pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(ip.out);
+		close(ip.out);
 		status = finish_command(&ip);
 		if (!status) {
 			reprepare_packed_git();
 			return NULL;
 		}
+		run_status(status, keeper[0]);
 		return "index-pack abnormal exit";
 	}
 }
@@ -458,14 +604,53 @@ static int delete_only(struct command *cmd)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static int add_refs_from_alternate(struct alternate_object_database *e, void *unused)
+{
+	char *other;
+	size_t len;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+	const struct ref *extra;
+
+	e->name[-1] = '\0';
+	other = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(e->base));
+	e->name[-1] = '/';
+	len = strlen(other);
+
+	while (other[len-1] == '/')
+		other[--len] = '\0';
+	if (len < 8 || memcmp(other + len - 8, "/objects", 8))
+		return 0;
+	/* Is this a git repository with refs? */
+	memcpy(other + len - 8, "/refs", 6);
+	if (!is_directory(other))
+		return 0;
+	other[len - 8] = '\0';
+	remote = remote_get(other);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, other);
+	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+	     extra;
+	     extra = extra->next) {
+		add_extra_ref(".have", extra->old_sha1, 0);
+	}
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
+	free(other);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_alternate_refs(void)
+{
+	foreach_alt_odb(add_refs_from_alternate, NULL);
+}
+
+int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
 	char *dir = NULL;
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		char *arg = *argv++;
+		const char *arg = *argv++;
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			/* Do flag handling here */
@@ -473,25 +658,33 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 		if (dir)
 			usage(receive_pack_usage);
-		dir = arg;
+		dir = xstrdup(arg);
 	}
 	if (!dir)
 		usage(receive_pack_usage);
 
+	setup_path();
+
 	if (!enter_repo(dir, 0))
-		die("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		die("attempt to push into a shallow repository");
 
-	git_config(receive_pack_config);
+	git_config(receive_pack_config, NULL);
 
 	if (0 <= transfer_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = transfer_unpack_limit;
 	else if (0 <= receive_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = receive_unpack_limit;
 
+	capabilities_to_send = (prefer_ofs_delta) ?
+		" report-status delete-refs ofs-delta " :
+		" report-status delete-refs ";
+
+	add_alternate_refs();
 	write_head_info();
+	clear_extra_refs();
 
 	/* EOF */
 	packet_flush(1);
@@ -504,10 +697,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			unpack_status = unpack();
 		execute_commands(unpack_status);
 		if (pack_lockfile)
-			unlink(pack_lockfile);
+			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
 		if (report_status)
 			report(unpack_status);
-		run_hook(post_receive_hook);
+		run_receive_hook(post_receive_hook);
 		run_update_post_hook(commands);
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin-reflog.c b/builtin-reflog.c
index 4c39f1da98..ddfdf5a3cb 100644
--- a/builtin-reflog.c
+++ b/builtin-reflog.c
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
  */
 
 static const char reflog_expire_usage[] =
-"git-reflog (show|expire) [--verbose] [--dry-run] [--stale-fix] [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>] [--all] <refs>...";
+"git reflog (show|expire) [--verbose] [--dry-run] [--stale-fix] [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>] [--all] <refs>...";
+static const char reflog_delete_usage[] =
+"git reflog delete [--verbose] [--dry-run] [--rewrite] [--updateref] <refs>...";
 
 static unsigned long default_reflog_expire;
 static unsigned long default_reflog_expire_unreachable;
@@ -22,9 +24,12 @@ struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	int dry_run;
 	int stalefix;
+	int rewrite;
+	int updateref;
 	int verbose;
 	unsigned long expire_total;
 	unsigned long expire_unreachable;
+	int recno;
 };
 
 struct expire_reflog_cb {
@@ -32,10 +37,22 @@ struct expire_reflog_cb {
 	const char *ref;
 	struct commit *ref_commit;
 	struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb *cmd;
+	unsigned char last_kept_sha1[20];
+};
+
+struct collected_reflog {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char reflog[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+struct collect_reflog_cb {
+	struct collected_reflog **e;
+	int alloc;
+	int nr;
 };
 
 #define INCOMPLETE	(1u<<10)
 #define STUDYING	(1u<<11)
+#define REACHABLE	(1u<<12)
 
 static int tree_is_complete(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -193,6 +210,70 @@ static int keep_entry(struct commit **it, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int unreachable(struct expire_reflog_cb *cb, struct commit *commit, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We may or may not have the commit yet - if not, look it
+	 * up using the supplied sha1.
+	 */
+	if (!commit) {
+		if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+			return 0;
+
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+
+		/* Not a commit -- keep it */
+		if (!commit)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Reachable from the current ref?  Don't prune. */
+	if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+		return 0;
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit, &cb->ref_commit, 1))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* We can't reach it - prune it. */
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void mark_reachable(struct commit *commit, unsigned long expire_limit)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We need to compute whether the commit on either side of a reflog
+	 * entry is reachable from the tip of the ref for all entries.
+	 * Mark commits that are reachable from the tip down to the
+	 * time threshold first; we know a commit marked thusly is
+	 * reachable from the tip without running in_merge_bases()
+	 * at all.
+	 */
+	struct commit_list *pending = NULL;
+
+	commit_list_insert(commit, &pending);
+	while (pending) {
+		struct commit_list *entry = pending;
+		struct commit_list *parent;
+		pending = entry->next;
+		commit = entry->item;
+		free(entry);
+		if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+			continue;
+		if (parse_commit(commit))
+			continue;
+		commit->object.flags |= REACHABLE;
+		if (commit->date < expire_limit)
+			continue;
+		parent = commit->parents;
+		while (parent) {
+			commit = parent->item;
+			parent = parent->next;
+			if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+				continue;
+			commit_list_insert(commit, &pending);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
@@ -203,6 +284,9 @@ static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	if (timestamp < cb->cmd->expire_total)
 		goto prune;
 
+	if (cb->cmd->rewrite)
+		osha1 = cb->last_kept_sha1;
+
 	old = new = NULL;
 	if (cb->cmd->stalefix &&
 	    (!keep_entry(&old, osha1) || !keep_entry(&new, nsha1)))
@@ -211,15 +295,13 @@ static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	if (timestamp < cb->cmd->expire_unreachable) {
 		if (!cb->ref_commit)
 			goto prune;
-		if (!old && !is_null_sha1(osha1))
-			old = lookup_commit_reference_gently(osha1, 1);
-		if (!new && !is_null_sha1(nsha1))
-			new = lookup_commit_reference_gently(nsha1, 1);
-		if ((old && !in_merge_bases(old, &cb->ref_commit, 1)) ||
-		    (new && !in_merge_bases(new, &cb->ref_commit, 1)))
+		if (unreachable(cb, old, osha1) || unreachable(cb, new, nsha1))
 			goto prune;
 	}
 
+	if (cb->cmd->recno && --(cb->cmd->recno) == 0)
+		goto prune;
+
 	if (cb->newlog) {
 		char sign = (tz < 0) ? '-' : '+';
 		int zone = (tz < 0) ? (-tz) : tz;
@@ -227,6 +309,7 @@ static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 			sha1_to_hex(osha1), sha1_to_hex(nsha1),
 			email, timestamp, sign, zone,
 			message);
+		hashcpy(cb->last_kept_sha1, nsha1);
 	}
 	if (cb->cmd->verbose)
 		printf("keep %s", message);
@@ -246,33 +329,52 @@ static int expire_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused,
 	int status = 0;
 
 	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
-	/* we take the lock for the ref itself to prevent it from
+
+	/*
+	 * we take the lock for the ref itself to prevent it from
 	 * getting updated.
 	 */
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, sha1);
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, sha1, 0);
 	if (!lock)
 		return error("cannot lock ref '%s'", ref);
-	log_file = xstrdup(git_path("logs/%s", ref));
+	log_file = git_pathdup("logs/%s", ref);
 	if (!file_exists(log_file))
 		goto finish;
 	if (!cmd->dry_run) {
-		newlog_path = xstrdup(git_path("logs/%s.lock", ref));
+		newlog_path = git_pathdup("logs/%s.lock", ref);
 		cb.newlog = fopen(newlog_path, "w");
 	}
 
 	cb.ref_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 	cb.ref = ref;
 	cb.cmd = cmd;
+	if (cb.ref_commit)
+		mark_reachable(cb.ref_commit, cmd->expire_total);
 	for_each_reflog_ent(ref, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
+	if (cb.ref_commit)
+		clear_commit_marks(cb.ref_commit, REACHABLE);
  finish:
 	if (cb.newlog) {
-		if (fclose(cb.newlog))
+		if (fclose(cb.newlog)) {
 			status |= error("%s: %s", strerror(errno),
 					newlog_path);
-		if (rename(newlog_path, log_file)) {
+			unlink(newlog_path);
+		} else if (cmd->updateref &&
+			(write_in_full(lock->lock_fd,
+				sha1_to_hex(cb.last_kept_sha1), 40) != 40 ||
+			 write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, "\n", 1) != 1 ||
+			 close_ref(lock) < 0)) {
+			status |= error("Couldn't write %s",
+				lock->lk->filename);
+			unlink(newlog_path);
+		} else if (rename(newlog_path, log_file)) {
 			status |= error("cannot rename %s to %s",
 					newlog_path, log_file);
 			unlink(newlog_path);
+		} else if (cmd->updateref && commit_ref(lock)) {
+			status |= error("Couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
+		} else {
+			adjust_shared_perm(log_file);
 		}
 	}
 	free(newlog_path);
@@ -281,24 +383,154 @@ static int expire_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused,
 	return status;
 }
 
-static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int collect_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused, void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.reflogexpire"))
-		default_reflog_expire = approxidate(value);
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "gc.reflogexpireunreachable"))
-		default_reflog_expire_unreachable = approxidate(value);
-	else
-		return git_default_config(var, value);
+	struct collected_reflog *e;
+	struct collect_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
+	size_t namelen = strlen(ref);
+
+	e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e) + namelen + 1);
+	hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(e->reflog, ref, namelen + 1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(cb->e, cb->nr + 1, cb->alloc);
+	cb->e[cb->nr++] = e;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reflog_expire_cfg {
+	struct reflog_expire_cfg *next;
+	unsigned long expire_total;
+	unsigned long expire_unreachable;
+	size_t len;
+	char pattern[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} *reflog_expire_cfg, **reflog_expire_cfg_tail;
+
+static struct reflog_expire_cfg *find_cfg_ent(const char *pattern, size_t len)
+{
+	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
+
+	if (!reflog_expire_cfg_tail)
+		reflog_expire_cfg_tail = &reflog_expire_cfg;
+
+	for (ent = reflog_expire_cfg; ent; ent = ent->next)
+		if (ent->len == len &&
+		    !memcmp(ent->pattern, pattern, len))
+			return ent;
+
+	ent = xcalloc(1, (sizeof(*ent) + len));
+	memcpy(ent->pattern, pattern, len);
+	ent->len = len;
+	*reflog_expire_cfg_tail = ent;
+	reflog_expire_cfg_tail = &(ent->next);
+	return ent;
+}
+
+static int parse_expire_cfg_value(const char *var, const char *value, unsigned long *expire)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	if (!strcmp(value, "never") || !strcmp(value, "false")) {
+		*expire = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	*expire = approxidate(value);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/* expiry timer slot */
+#define EXPIRE_TOTAL   01
+#define EXPIRE_UNREACH 02
+
+static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	const char *lastdot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	unsigned long expire;
+	int slot;
+	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
+
+	if (!lastdot || prefixcmp(var, "gc."))
+		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+
+	if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpire")) {
+		slot = EXPIRE_TOTAL;
+		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
+			return -1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpireunreachable")) {
+		slot = EXPIRE_UNREACH;
+		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
+			return -1;
+	} else
+		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+
+	if (lastdot == var + 2) {
+		switch (slot) {
+		case EXPIRE_TOTAL:
+			default_reflog_expire = expire;
+			break;
+		case EXPIRE_UNREACH:
+			default_reflog_expire_unreachable = expire;
+			break;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ent = find_cfg_ent(var + 3, lastdot - (var+3));
+	if (!ent)
+		return -1;
+	switch (slot) {
+	case EXPIRE_TOTAL:
+		ent->expire_total = expire;
+		break;
+	case EXPIRE_UNREACH:
+		ent->expire_unreachable = expire;
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void set_reflog_expiry_param(struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb *cb, int slot, const char *ref)
+{
+	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
+
+	if (slot == (EXPIRE_TOTAL|EXPIRE_UNREACH))
+		return; /* both given explicitly -- nothing to tweak */
+
+	for (ent = reflog_expire_cfg; ent; ent = ent->next) {
+		if (!fnmatch(ent->pattern, ref, 0)) {
+			if (!(slot & EXPIRE_TOTAL))
+				cb->expire_total = ent->expire_total;
+			if (!(slot & EXPIRE_UNREACH))
+				cb->expire_unreachable = ent->expire_unreachable;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If unconfigured, make stash never expire
+	 */
+	if (!strcmp(ref, "refs/stash")) {
+		if (!(slot & EXPIRE_TOTAL))
+			cb->expire_total = 0;
+		if (!(slot & EXPIRE_UNREACH))
+			cb->expire_unreachable = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Nothing matched -- use the default value */
+	if (!(slot & EXPIRE_TOTAL))
+		cb->expire_total = default_reflog_expire;
+	if (!(slot & EXPIRE_UNREACH))
+		cb->expire_unreachable = default_reflog_expire_unreachable;
+}
+
 static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb cb;
 	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
 	int i, status, do_all;
+	int explicit_expiry = 0;
 
-	git_config(reflog_expire_config);
+	git_config(reflog_expire_config, NULL);
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	do_all = status = 0;
@@ -311,22 +543,24 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	cb.expire_total = default_reflog_expire;
 	cb.expire_unreachable = default_reflog_expire_unreachable;
 
-	/*
-	 * We can trust the commits and objects reachable from refs
-	 * even in older repository.  We cannot trust what's reachable
-	 * from reflog if the repository was pruned with older git.
-	 */
-
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run") || !strcmp(arg, "-n"))
 			cb.dry_run = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--expire="))
+		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--expire=")) {
 			cb.expire_total = approxidate(arg + 9);
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--expire-unreachable="))
+			explicit_expiry |= EXPIRE_TOTAL;
+		}
+		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--expire-unreachable=")) {
 			cb.expire_unreachable = approxidate(arg + 21);
+			explicit_expiry |= EXPIRE_UNREACH;
+		}
 		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--stale-fix"))
 			cb.stalefix = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--rewrite"))
+			cb.rewrite = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--updateref"))
+			cb.updateref = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all"))
 			do_all = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose"))
@@ -340,6 +574,12 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else
 			break;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We can trust the commits and objects reachable from refs
+	 * even in older repository.  We cannot trust what's reachable
+	 * from reflog if the repository was pruned with older git.
+	 */
 	if (cb.stalefix) {
 		init_revisions(&cb.revs, prefix);
 		if (cb.verbose)
@@ -349,16 +589,102 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			putchar('\n');
 	}
 
-	if (do_all)
-		status |= for_each_reflog(expire_reflog, &cb);
-	while (i < argc) {
-		const char *ref = argv[i++];
+	if (do_all) {
+		struct collect_reflog_cb collected;
+		int i;
+
+		memset(&collected, 0, sizeof(collected));
+		for_each_reflog(collect_reflog, &collected);
+		for (i = 0; i < collected.nr; i++) {
+			struct collected_reflog *e = collected.e[i];
+			set_reflog_expiry_param(&cb, explicit_expiry, e->reflog);
+			status |= expire_reflog(e->reflog, e->sha1, 0, &cb);
+			free(e);
+		}
+		free(collected.e);
+	}
+
+	for (; i < argc; i++) {
+		char *ref;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], strlen(argv[i]), sha1, &ref)) {
+			status |= error("%s points nowhere!", argv[i]);
+			continue;
+		}
+		set_reflog_expiry_param(&cb, explicit_expiry, ref);
+		status |= expire_reflog(ref, sha1, 0, &cb);
+	}
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int count_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
+		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+		const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb *cb = cb_data;
+	if (!cb->expire_total || timestamp < cb->expire_total)
+		cb->recno++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb cb;
+	int i, status = 0;
+
+	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run") || !strcmp(arg, "-n"))
+			cb.dry_run = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--rewrite"))
+			cb.rewrite = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--updateref"))
+			cb.updateref = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose"))
+			cb.verbose = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
+		else if (arg[0] == '-')
+			usage(reflog_delete_usage);
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (argc - i < 1)
+		return error("Nothing to delete?");
+
+	for ( ; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *spec = strstr(argv[i], "@{");
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			status |= error("%s points nowhere!", ref);
+		char *ep, *ref;
+		int recno;
+
+		if (!spec) {
+			status |= error("Not a reflog: %s", argv[i]);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], spec - argv[i], sha1, &ref)) {
+			status |= error("no reflog for '%s'", argv[i]);
 			continue;
 		}
+
+		recno = strtoul(spec + 2, &ep, 10);
+		if (*ep == '}') {
+			cb.recno = -recno;
+			for_each_reflog_ent(ref, count_reflog_ent, &cb);
+		} else {
+			cb.expire_total = approxidate(spec + 2);
+			for_each_reflog_ent(ref, count_reflog_ent, &cb);
+			cb.expire_total = 0;
+		}
+
 		status |= expire_reflog(ref, sha1, 0, &cb);
+		free(ref);
 	}
 	return status;
 }
@@ -368,7 +694,7 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
  */
 
 static const char reflog_usage[] =
-"git-reflog (expire | ...)";
+"git reflog (expire | ...)";
 
 int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -382,6 +708,9 @@ int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "expire"))
 		return cmd_reflog_expire(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
 
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "delete"))
+		return cmd_reflog_delete(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
+
 	/* Not a recognized reflog command..*/
 	usage(reflog_usage);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-remote.c b/builtin-remote.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..008abfe092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-remote.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1367 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
+	"git remote [-v | --verbose]",
+	"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror] <name> <url>",
+	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
+	"git remote rm <name>",
+	"git remote set-head <name> [-a | -d | <branch>]",
+	"git remote show [-n] <name>",
+	"git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>",
+	"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [group]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+#define GET_REF_STATES (1<<0)
+#define GET_HEAD_NAMES (1<<1)
+#define GET_PUSH_REF_STATES (1<<2)
+
+static int verbose;
+
+static int show_all(void);
+static int prune_remote(const char *remote, int dry_run);
+
+static inline int postfixcmp(const char *string, const char *postfix)
+{
+	int len1 = strlen(string), len2 = strlen(postfix);
+	if (len1 < len2)
+		return 1;
+	return strcmp(string + len1 - len2, postfix);
+}
+
+static int opt_parse_track(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int not)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = opt->value;
+	if (not)
+		string_list_clear(list, 0);
+	else
+		string_list_append(arg, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_remote(const char *name)
+{
+	const char *argv[] = { "fetch", name, NULL, NULL };
+	if (verbose) {
+		argv[1] = "-v";
+		argv[2] = name;
+	}
+	printf("Updating %s\n", name);
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error("Could not fetch %s", name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int fetch = 0, mirror = 0;
+	struct string_list track = { NULL, 0, 0 };
+	const char *master = NULL;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, buf2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name, *url;
+	int i;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("add specific options"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "fetch", &fetch, "fetch the remote branches"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('t', "track", &track, "branch",
+			"branch(es) to track", opt_parse_track),
+		OPT_STRING('m', "master", &master, "branch", "master branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "mirror", &mirror, "no separate remotes"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+			     0);
+
+	if (argc < 2)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+
+	name = argv[0];
+	url = argv[1];
+
+	remote = remote_get(name);
+	if (remote && (remote->url_nr > 1 || strcmp(name, remote->url[0]) ||
+			remote->fetch_refspec_nr))
+		die("remote %s already exists.", name);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", name);
+	if (!valid_fetch_refspec(buf2.buf))
+		die("'%s' is not a valid remote name", name);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", name);
+	if (git_config_set(buf.buf, url))
+		return 1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", name);
+
+	if (track.nr == 0)
+		string_list_append("*", &track);
+	for (i = 0; i < track.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = track.items + i;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf2, '+');
+		if (mirror)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/%s:refs/%s",
+					item->string, item->string);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/heads/%s:refs/remotes/%s/%s",
+					item->string, name, item->string);
+		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "^$", 0))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (mirror) {
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.mirror", name);
+		if (git_config_set(buf.buf, "true"))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (fetch && fetch_remote(name))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (master) {
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/HEAD", name);
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/remotes/%s/%s", name, master);
+
+		if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "remote add"))
+			return error("Could not setup master '%s'", master);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf2);
+	string_list_clear(&track, 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct branch_info {
+	char *remote_name;
+	struct string_list merge;
+	int rebase;
+};
+
+static struct string_list branch_list;
+
+static const char *abbrev_ref(const char *name, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *abbrev = skip_prefix(name, prefix);
+	if (abbrev)
+		return abbrev;
+	return name;
+}
+#define abbrev_branch(name) abbrev_ref((name), "refs/heads/")
+
+static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!prefixcmp(key, "branch.")) {
+		const char *orig_key = key;
+		char *name;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct branch_info *info;
+		enum { REMOTE, MERGE, REBASE } type;
+
+		key += 7;
+		if (!postfixcmp(key, ".remote")) {
+			name = xstrndup(key, strlen(key) - 7);
+			type = REMOTE;
+		} else if (!postfixcmp(key, ".merge")) {
+			name = xstrndup(key, strlen(key) - 6);
+			type = MERGE;
+		} else if (!postfixcmp(key, ".rebase")) {
+			name = xstrndup(key, strlen(key) - 7);
+			type = REBASE;
+		} else
+			return 0;
+
+		item = string_list_insert(name, &branch_list);
+
+		if (!item->util)
+			item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct branch_info), 1);
+		info = item->util;
+		if (type == REMOTE) {
+			if (info->remote_name)
+				warning("more than one %s", orig_key);
+			info->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (type == MERGE) {
+			char *space = strchr(value, ' ');
+			value = abbrev_branch(value);
+			while (space) {
+				char *merge;
+				merge = xstrndup(value, space - value);
+				string_list_append(merge, &info->merge);
+				value = abbrev_branch(space + 1);
+				space = strchr(value, ' ');
+			}
+			string_list_append(xstrdup(value), &info->merge);
+		} else
+			info->rebase = git_config_bool(orig_key, value);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void read_branches(void)
+{
+	if (branch_list.nr)
+		return;
+	git_config(config_read_branches, NULL);
+}
+
+struct ref_states {
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct string_list new, stale, tracked, heads, push;
+	int queried;
+};
+
+static int handle_one_branch(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+
+	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(states->remote, &refspec)) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		const char *name = abbrev_branch(refspec.src);
+		/* symbolic refs pointing nowhere were handled already */
+		if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
+		    string_list_has_string(&states->tracked, name) ||
+		    string_list_has_string(&states->new, name))
+			return 0;
+		item = string_list_append(name, &states->stale);
+		item->util = xstrdup(refname);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	struct ref *fetch_map = NULL, **tail = &fetch_map;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
+		if (get_fetch_map(remote_refs, states->remote->fetch + i, &tail, 1))
+			die("Could not get fetch map for refspec %s",
+				states->remote->fetch_refspec[i]);
+
+	states->new.strdup_strings = states->tracked.strdup_strings = 1;
+	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!ref->peer_ref || read_ref(ref->peer_ref->name, sha1))
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->new);
+		else
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->tracked);
+	}
+	free_refs(fetch_map);
+
+	sort_string_list(&states->new);
+	sort_string_list(&states->tracked);
+	for_each_ref(handle_one_branch, states);
+	sort_string_list(&states->stale);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct push_info {
+	char *dest;
+	int forced;
+	enum {
+		PUSH_STATUS_CREATE = 0,
+		PUSH_STATUS_DELETE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD,
+		PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED,
+	} status;
+};
+
+static int get_push_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs,
+	struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	struct remote *remote = states->remote;
+	struct ref *ref, *local_refs, *push_map;
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		return 0;
+
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
+	push_map = copy_ref_list(remote_refs);
+
+	match_refs(local_refs, &push_map, remote->push_refspec_nr,
+		   remote->push_refspec, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
+
+	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
+	for (ref = push_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct push_info *info;
+
+		if (!ref->peer_ref)
+			continue;
+		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+
+		item = string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->peer_ref->name),
+					  &states->push);
+		item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info = item->util;
+		info->forced = ref->force;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(abbrev_branch(ref->name));
+
+		if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1)) {
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_DELETE;
+		} else if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE;
+		else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_CREATE;
+		else if (has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) &&
+			 ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD;
+		else
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE;
+	}
+	free_refs(local_refs);
+	free_refs(push_map);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_push_ref_states_noquery(struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct remote *remote = states->remote;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct push_info *info;
+
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		return 0;
+
+	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
+	if (!remote->push_refspec_nr) {
+		item = string_list_append("(matching)", &states->push);
+		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(item->string);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec *spec = remote->push + i;
+		if (spec->matching)
+			item = string_list_append("(matching)", &states->push);
+		else if (strlen(spec->src))
+			item = string_list_append(spec->src, &states->push);
+		else
+			item = string_list_append("(delete)", &states->push);
+
+		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info->forced = spec->force;
+		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(spec->dst ? spec->dst : item->string);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_head_names(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	struct ref *ref, *matches;
+	struct ref *fetch_map = NULL, **fetch_map_tail = &fetch_map;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+
+	refspec.force = 0;
+	refspec.pattern = 1;
+	refspec.src = refspec.dst = "refs/heads/*";
+	states->heads.strdup_strings = 1;
+	get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &refspec, &fetch_map_tail, 0);
+	matches = guess_remote_head(find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, "HEAD"),
+				    fetch_map, 1);
+	for(ref = matches; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->heads);
+
+	free_refs(fetch_map);
+	free_refs(matches);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct known_remote {
+	struct known_remote *next;
+	struct remote *remote;
+};
+
+struct known_remotes {
+	struct remote *to_delete;
+	struct known_remote *list;
+};
+
+static int add_known_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct known_remotes *all = cb_data;
+	struct known_remote *r;
+
+	if (!strcmp(all->to_delete->name, remote->name))
+		return 0;
+
+	r = xmalloc(sizeof(*r));
+	r->remote = remote;
+	r->next = all->list;
+	all->list = r;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct branches_for_remote {
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct string_list *branches, *skipped;
+	struct known_remotes *keep;
+};
+
+static int add_branch_for_removal(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct branches_for_remote *branches = cb_data;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct known_remote *kr;
+
+	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+	if (remote_find_tracking(branches->remote, &refspec))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* don't delete a branch if another remote also uses it */
+	for (kr = branches->keep->list; kr; kr = kr->next) {
+		memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+		refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+		if (!remote_find_tracking(kr->remote, &refspec))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* don't delete non-remote refs */
+	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes")) {
+		/* advise user how to delete local branches */
+		if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/"))
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(refname),
+					   branches->skipped);
+		/* silently skip over other non-remote refs */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* make sure that symrefs are deleted */
+	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		return unlink(git_path("%s", refname));
+
+	item = string_list_append(refname, branches->branches);
+	item->util = xmalloc(20);
+	hashcpy(item->util, sha1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct rename_info {
+	const char *old;
+	const char *new;
+	struct string_list *remote_branches;
+};
+
+static int read_remote_branches(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct rename_info *rename = cb_data;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int flag;
+	unsigned char orig_sha1[20];
+	const char *symref;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s", rename->old);
+	if(!prefixcmp(refname, buf.buf)) {
+		item = string_list_append(xstrdup(refname), rename->remote_branches);
+		symref = resolve_ref(refname, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
+		if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
+			item->util = xstrdup(symref);
+		else
+			item->util = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int migrate_file(struct remote *remote)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+	char *path = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", remote->name);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++)
+		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->url[i], "^$", 0))
+			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+					remote->url[i], buf.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.push", remote->name);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++)
+		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->push_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
+			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+					remote->push_refspec[i], buf.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", remote->name);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
+		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->fetch_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
+			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+					remote->fetch_refspec[i], buf.buf);
+	if (remote->origin == REMOTE_REMOTES)
+		path = git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name);
+	else if (remote->origin == REMOTE_BRANCHES)
+		path = git_path("branches/%s", remote->name);
+	if (path)
+		unlink_or_warn(path);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct remote *oldremote, *newremote;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, buf2 = STRBUF_INIT, buf3 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct string_list remote_branches = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct rename_info rename;
+	int i;
+
+	if (argc != 3)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+
+	rename.old = argv[1];
+	rename.new = argv[2];
+	rename.remote_branches = &remote_branches;
+
+	oldremote = remote_get(rename.old);
+	if (!oldremote)
+		die("No such remote: %s", rename.old);
+
+	if (!strcmp(rename.old, rename.new) && oldremote->origin != REMOTE_CONFIG)
+		return migrate_file(oldremote);
+
+	newremote = remote_get(rename.new);
+	if (newremote && (newremote->url_nr > 1 || newremote->fetch_refspec_nr))
+		die("remote %s already exists.", rename.new);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", rename.new);
+	if (!valid_fetch_refspec(buf.buf))
+		die("'%s' is not a valid remote name", rename.new);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", rename.old);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote.%s", rename.new);
+	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, buf2.buf) < 1)
+		return error("Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'",
+				buf.buf, buf2.buf);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", rename.new);
+	if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1))
+		return error("Could not remove config section '%s'", buf.buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < oldremote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
+		char *ptr;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf2, oldremote->fetch_refspec[i]);
+		ptr = strstr(buf2.buf, rename.old);
+		if (ptr)
+			strbuf_splice(&buf2, ptr-buf2.buf, strlen(rename.old),
+					rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "^$", 0))
+			return error("Could not append '%s'", buf.buf);
+	}
+
+	read_branches();
+	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = branch_list.items + i;
+		struct branch_info *info = item->util;
+		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, rename.old)) {
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.remote", item->string);
+			if (git_config_set(buf.buf, rename.new)) {
+				return error("Could not set '%s'", buf.buf);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * First remove symrefs, then rename the rest, finally create
+	 * the new symrefs.
+	 */
+	for_each_ref(read_remote_branches, &rename);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
+		int flag = 0;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+		resolve_ref(item->string, sha1, 1, &flag);
+		if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
+			continue;
+		if (delete_ref(item->string, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+			die("deleting '%s' failed", item->string);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
+
+		if (item->util)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, item->string);
+		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
+				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
+				item->string, buf.buf);
+		if (rename_ref(item->string, buf.buf, buf2.buf))
+			die("renaming '%s' failed", item->string);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
+
+		if (!item->util)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, item->string);
+		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
+				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf2, item->util);
+		strbuf_splice(&buf2, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
+				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_reset(&buf3);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf3, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
+				item->string, buf.buf);
+		if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, buf3.buf))
+			die("creating '%s' failed", buf.buf);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int remove_branches(struct string_list *branches)
+{
+	int i, result = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < branches->nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = branches->items + i;
+		const char *refname = item->string;
+		unsigned char *sha1 = item->util;
+
+		if (delete_ref(refname, sha1, 0))
+			result |= error("Could not remove branch %s", refname);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct known_remotes known_remotes = { NULL, NULL };
+	struct string_list branches = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct string_list skipped = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct branches_for_remote cb_data = {
+		NULL, &branches, &skipped, &known_remotes
+	};
+	int i, result;
+
+	if (argc != 2)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+
+	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
+	if (!remote)
+		die("No such remote: %s", argv[1]);
+
+	known_remotes.to_delete = remote;
+	for_each_remote(add_known_remote, &known_remotes);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", remote->name);
+	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 1)
+		return error("Could not remove config section '%s'", buf.buf);
+
+	read_branches();
+	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = branch_list.items + i;
+		struct branch_info *info = item->util;
+		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, remote->name)) {
+			const char *keys[] = { "remote", "merge", NULL }, **k;
+			for (k = keys; *k; k++) {
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+				strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.%s",
+						item->string, *k);
+				if (git_config_set(buf.buf, NULL)) {
+					strbuf_release(&buf);
+					return -1;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We cannot just pass a function to for_each_ref() which deletes
+	 * the branches one by one, since for_each_ref() relies on cached
+	 * refs, which are invalidated when deleting a branch.
+	 */
+	cb_data.remote = remote;
+	result = for_each_ref(add_branch_for_removal, &cb_data);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	if (!result)
+		result = remove_branches(&branches);
+	string_list_clear(&branches, 1);
+
+	if (skipped.nr) {
+		fprintf(stderr, skipped.nr == 1 ?
+			"Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; "
+			"to delete it, use:\n" :
+			"Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; "
+			"to delete them, use:\n");
+		for (i = 0; i < skipped.nr; i++)
+			fprintf(stderr, "  git branch -d %s\n",
+				skipped.items[i].string);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&skipped, 0);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void clear_push_info(void *util, const char *string)
+{
+	struct push_info *info = util;
+	free(info->dest);
+	free(info);
+}
+
+static void free_remote_ref_states(struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	string_list_clear(&states->new, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->stale, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->tracked, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->heads, 0);
+	string_list_clear_func(&states->push, clear_push_info);
+}
+
+static int append_ref_to_tracked_list(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+
+	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		return 0;
+
+	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(states->remote, &refspec))
+		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(refspec.src), &states->tracked);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_remote_ref_states(const char *name,
+				 struct ref_states *states,
+				 int query)
+{
+	struct transport *transport;
+	const struct ref *remote_refs;
+
+	states->remote = remote_get(name);
+	if (!states->remote)
+		return error("No such remote: %s", name);
+
+	read_branches();
+
+	if (query) {
+		transport = transport_get(states->remote, states->remote->url_nr > 0 ?
+			states->remote->url[0] : NULL);
+		remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+		transport_disconnect(transport);
+
+		states->queried = 1;
+		if (query & GET_REF_STATES)
+			get_ref_states(remote_refs, states);
+		if (query & GET_HEAD_NAMES)
+			get_head_names(remote_refs, states);
+		if (query & GET_PUSH_REF_STATES)
+			get_push_ref_states(remote_refs, states);
+	} else {
+		for_each_ref(append_ref_to_tracked_list, states);
+		sort_string_list(&states->tracked);
+		get_push_ref_states_noquery(states);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct show_info {
+	struct string_list *list;
+	struct ref_states *states;
+	int width, width2;
+	int any_rebase;
+};
+
+static int add_remote_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *info = cb_data;
+	int n = strlen(item->string);
+	if (n > info->width)
+		info->width = n;
+	string_list_insert(item->string, info->list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_remote_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *info = cb_data;
+	struct ref_states *states = info->states;
+	const char *name = item->string;
+
+	if (states->queried) {
+		const char *fmt = "%s";
+		const char *arg = "";
+		if (string_list_has_string(&states->new, name)) {
+			fmt = " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)";
+			arg = states->remote->name;
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&states->tracked, name))
+			arg = " tracked";
+		else if (string_list_has_string(&states->stale, name))
+			arg = " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)";
+		else
+			arg = " ???";
+		printf("    %-*s", info->width, name);
+		printf(fmt, arg);
+		printf("\n");
+	} else
+		printf("    %s\n", name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_local_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *branch_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct ref_states *states = show_info->states;
+	struct branch_info *branch_info = branch_item->util;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int n;
+
+	if (!branch_info->merge.nr || !branch_info->remote_name ||
+	    strcmp(states->remote->name, branch_info->remote_name))
+		return 0;
+	if ((n = strlen(branch_item->string)) > show_info->width)
+		show_info->width = n;
+	if (branch_info->rebase)
+		show_info->any_rebase = 1;
+
+	item = string_list_insert(branch_item->string, show_info->list);
+	item->util = branch_info;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_local_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct branch_info *branch_info = item->util;
+	struct string_list *merge = &branch_info->merge;
+	const char *also;
+	int i;
+
+	if (branch_info->rebase && branch_info->merge.nr > 1) {
+		error("invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch",
+			item->string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	printf("    %-*s ", show_info->width, item->string);
+	if (branch_info->rebase) {
+		printf("rebases onto remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (show_info->any_rebase) {
+		printf(" merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		also = "    and with remote";
+	} else {
+		printf("merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		also = "   and with remote";
+	}
+	for (i = 1; i < merge->nr; i++)
+		printf("    %-*s %s %s\n", show_info->width, "", also,
+		       merge->items[i].string);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_push_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *push_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct push_info *push_info = push_item->util;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int n;
+	if ((n = strlen(push_item->string)) > show_info->width)
+		show_info->width = n;
+	if ((n = strlen(push_info->dest)) > show_info->width2)
+		show_info->width2 = n;
+	item = string_list_append(push_item->string, show_info->list);
+	item->util = push_item->util;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sorting comparison for a string list that has push_info
+ * structs in its util field
+ */
+static int cmp_string_with_push(const void *va, const void *vb)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *a = va;
+	const struct string_list_item *b = vb;
+	const struct push_info *a_push = a->util;
+	const struct push_info *b_push = b->util;
+	int cmp = strcmp(a->string, b->string);
+	return cmp ? cmp : strcmp(a_push->dest, b_push->dest);
+}
+
+static int show_push_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct push_info *push_info = item->util;
+	char *src = item->string, *status = NULL;
+
+	switch (push_info->status) {
+	case PUSH_STATUS_CREATE:
+		status = "create";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_DELETE:
+		status = "delete";
+		src = "(none)";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		status = "up to date";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD:
+		status = "fast forwardable";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE:
+		status = "local out of date";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED:
+		break;
+	}
+	if (status)
+		printf("    %-*s %s to %-*s (%s)\n", show_info->width, src,
+			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
+			show_info->width2, push_info->dest, status);
+	else
+		printf("    %-*s %s to %s\n", show_info->width, src,
+			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
+			push_info->dest);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int show(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int no_query = 0, result = 0, query_flag = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("show specific options"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &no_query, "do not query remotes"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct ref_states states;
+	struct string_list info_list = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct show_info info;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+			     0);
+
+	if (argc < 1)
+		return show_all();
+
+	if (!no_query)
+		query_flag = (GET_REF_STATES | GET_HEAD_NAMES | GET_PUSH_REF_STATES);
+
+	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+	info.states = &states;
+	info.list = &info_list;
+	for (; argc; argc--, argv++) {
+		int i;
+		const char **url;
+		int url_nr;
+
+		get_remote_ref_states(*argv, &states, query_flag);
+
+		printf("* remote %s\n", *argv);
+		printf("  Fetch URL: %s\n", states.remote->url_nr > 0 ?
+			states.remote->url[0] : "(no URL)");
+		if (states.remote->pushurl_nr) {
+			url = states.remote->pushurl;
+			url_nr = states.remote->pushurl_nr;
+		} else {
+			url = states.remote->url;
+			url_nr = states.remote->url_nr;
+		}
+		for (i=0; i < url_nr; i++)
+			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", url[i]);
+		if (!i)
+			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", "(no URL)");
+		if (no_query)
+			printf("  HEAD branch: (not queried)\n");
+		else if (!states.heads.nr)
+			printf("  HEAD branch: (unknown)\n");
+		else if (states.heads.nr == 1)
+			printf("  HEAD branch: %s\n", states.heads.items[0].string);
+		else {
+			printf("  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous,"
+			       " may be one of the following):\n");
+			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
+				printf("    %s\n", states.heads.items[i].string);
+		}
+
+		/* remote branch info */
+		info.width = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.new, &info);
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.tracked, &info);
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.stale, &info);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Remote branch%s:%s\n",
+			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "",
+				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_remote_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		/* git pull info */
+		info.width = 0;
+		info.any_rebase = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_local_to_show_info, &branch_list, &info);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Local branch%s configured for 'git pull':\n",
+			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_local_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		/* git push info */
+		if (states.remote->mirror)
+			printf("  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'\n");
+
+		info.width = info.width2 = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_push_to_show_info, &states.push, &info);
+		qsort(info.list->items, info.list->nr,
+			sizeof(*info.list->items), cmp_string_with_push);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Local ref%s configured for 'git push'%s:\n",
+				info.list->nr > 1 ? "s" : "",
+				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_push_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int set_head(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i, opt_a = 0, opt_d = 0, result = 0;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, buf2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *head_name = NULL;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("set-head specific options"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "auto", &opt_a,
+			    "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "delete", &opt_d,
+			    "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+			     0);
+	if (argc)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/HEAD", argv[0]);
+
+	if (!opt_a && !opt_d && argc == 2) {
+		head_name = xstrdup(argv[1]);
+	} else if (opt_a && !opt_d && argc == 1) {
+		struct ref_states states;
+		memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+		get_remote_ref_states(argv[0], &states, GET_HEAD_NAMES);
+		if (!states.heads.nr)
+			result |= error("Cannot determine remote HEAD");
+		else if (states.heads.nr > 1) {
+			result |= error("Multiple remote HEAD branches. "
+					"Please choose one explicitly with:");
+			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
+				fprintf(stderr, "  git remote set-head %s %s\n",
+					argv[0], states.heads.items[i].string);
+		} else
+			head_name = xstrdup(states.heads.items[0].string);
+		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
+	} else if (opt_d && !opt_a && argc == 1) {
+		if (delete_ref(buf.buf, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+			result |= error("Could not delete %s", buf.buf);
+	} else
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+
+	if (head_name) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/remotes/%s/%s", argv[0], head_name);
+		/* make sure it's valid */
+		if (!resolve_ref(buf2.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
+			result |= error("Not a valid ref: %s", buf2.buf);
+		else if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "remote set-head"))
+			result |= error("Could not setup %s", buf.buf);
+		if (opt_a)
+			printf("%s/HEAD set to %s\n", argv[0], head_name);
+		free(head_name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf2);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int prune(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int dry_run = 0, result = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("prune specific options"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+			     0);
+
+	if (argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+
+	for (; argc; argc--, argv++)
+		result |= prune_remote(*argv, dry_run);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int prune_remote(const char *remote, int dry_run)
+{
+	int result = 0, i;
+	struct ref_states states;
+	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
+		? " %s will become dangling!\n"
+		: " %s has become dangling!\n";
+
+	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+	get_remote_ref_states(remote, &states, GET_REF_STATES);
+
+	if (states.stale.nr) {
+		printf("Pruning %s\n", remote);
+		printf("URL: %s\n",
+		       states.remote->url_nr
+		       ? states.remote->url[0]
+		       : "(no URL)");
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < states.stale.nr; i++) {
+		const char *refname = states.stale.items[i].util;
+
+		if (!dry_run)
+			result |= delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0);
+
+		printf(" * [%s] %s\n", dry_run ? "would prune" : "pruned",
+		       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
+		warn_dangling_symref(dangling_msg, refname);
+	}
+
+	free_remote_ref_states(&states);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int get_one_remote_for_update(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = priv;
+	if (!remote->skip_default_update)
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct remote_group {
+	const char *name;
+	struct string_list *list;
+} remote_group;
+
+static int get_remote_group(const char *key, const char *value, void *num_hits)
+{
+	if (!prefixcmp(key, "remotes.") &&
+			!strcmp(key + 8, remote_group.name)) {
+		/* split list by white space */
+		int space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+		while (*value) {
+			if (space > 1) {
+				string_list_append(xstrndup(value, space),
+						remote_group.list);
+				++*((int *)num_hits);
+			}
+			value += space + (value[space] != '\0');
+			space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int update(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i, result = 0, prune = 0;
+	struct string_list list = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	static const char *default_argv[] = { NULL, "default", NULL };
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("update specific options"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
+			    "prune remotes after fetching"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		argc = 2;
+		argv = default_argv;
+	}
+
+	remote_group.list = &list;
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		int groups_found = 0;
+		remote_group.name = argv[i];
+		result = git_config(get_remote_group, &groups_found);
+		if (!groups_found && (i != 1 || strcmp(argv[1], "default"))) {
+			struct remote *remote;
+			if (!remote_is_configured(argv[i]))
+				die("No such remote or remote group: %s",
+				    argv[i]);
+			remote = remote_get(argv[i]);
+			string_list_append(remote->name, remote_group.list);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!result && !list.nr  && argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "default"))
+		result = for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_update, &list);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
+		int err = fetch_remote(list.items[i].string);
+		result |= err;
+		if (!err && prune)
+			result |= prune_remote(list.items[i].string, 0);
+	}
+
+	/* all names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
+	list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int get_one_entry(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = priv;
+	struct strbuf url_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char **url;
+	int i, url_nr;
+
+	if (remote->url_nr > 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(&url_buf, "%s (fetch)", remote->url[0]);
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util =
+				strbuf_detach(&url_buf, NULL);
+	} else
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util = NULL;
+	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
+		url = remote->pushurl;
+		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
+	} else {
+		url = remote->url;
+		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++)
+	{
+		strbuf_addf(&url_buf, "%s (push)", url[i]);
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util =
+				strbuf_detach(&url_buf, NULL);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_all(void)
+{
+	struct string_list list = { NULL, 0, 0 };
+	int result;
+
+	list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	result = for_each_remote(get_one_entry, &list);
+
+	if (!result) {
+		int i;
+
+		sort_string_list(&list);
+		for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
+			struct string_list_item *item = list.items + i;
+			if (verbose)
+				printf("%s\t%s\n", item->string,
+					item->util ? (const char *)item->util : "");
+			else {
+				if (i && !strcmp((item - 1)->string, item->string))
+					continue;
+				printf("%s\n", item->string);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&list, 1);
+	return result;
+}
+
+int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	int result;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+		PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (argc < 1)
+		result = show_all();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "add"))
+		result = add(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rename"))
+		result = mv(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rm"))
+		result = rm(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "set-head"))
+		result = set_head(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show"))
+		result = show(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "prune"))
+		result = prune(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "update"))
+		result = update(argc, argv);
+	else {
+		error("Unknown subcommand: %s", argv[0]);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	return result ? 1 : 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-rerere.c b/builtin-rerere.c
index 8c2c8bdc18..adfb7b5f48 100644
--- a/builtin-rerere.c
+++ b/builtin-rerere.c
@@ -1,261 +1,67 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
-#include <time.h>
-
 static const char git_rerere_usage[] =
-"git-rerere [clear | status | diff | gc]";
+"git rerere [clear | status | diff | gc]";
 
 /* these values are days */
 static int cutoff_noresolve = 15;
 static int cutoff_resolve = 60;
 
-static char *merge_rr_path;
-
-static const char *rr_path(const char *name, const char *file)
-{
-	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", name, file);
-}
-
-static void read_rr(struct path_list *rr)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char buf[PATH_MAX];
-	FILE *in = fopen(merge_rr_path, "r");
-	if (!in)
-		return;
-	while (fread(buf, 40, 1, in) == 1) {
-		int i;
-		char *name;
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buf, sha1))
-			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-		buf[40] = '\0';
-		name = xstrdup(buf);
-		if (fgetc(in) != '\t')
-			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) && (buf[i] = fgetc(in)); i++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		if (i == sizeof(buf))
-			die("filename too long");
-		path_list_insert(buf, rr)->util = xstrdup(name);
-	}
-	fclose(in);
-}
-
-static struct lock_file write_lock;
-
-static int write_rr(struct path_list *rr, int out_fd)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
-		const char *path = rr->items[i].path;
-		int length = strlen(path) + 1;
-		if (write_in_full(out_fd, rr->items[i].util, 40) != 40 ||
-		    write_in_full(out_fd, "\t", 1) != 1 ||
-		    write_in_full(out_fd, path, length) != length)
-			die("unable to write rerere record");
-	}
-	close(out_fd);
-	return commit_lock_file(&write_lock);
-}
-
-struct buffer {
-	char *ptr;
-	int nr, alloc;
-};
-
-static void append_line(struct buffer *buffer, const char *line)
-{
-	int len = strlen(line);
-
-	if (buffer->nr + len > buffer->alloc) {
-		buffer->alloc = alloc_nr(buffer->nr + len);
-		buffer->ptr = xrealloc(buffer->ptr, buffer->alloc);
-	}
-	memcpy(buffer->ptr + buffer->nr, line, len);
-	buffer->nr += len;
-}
-
-static void clear_buffer(struct buffer *buffer)
+static time_t rerere_created_at(const char *name)
 {
-	free(buffer->ptr);
-	buffer->ptr = NULL;
-	buffer->nr = buffer->alloc = 0;
+	struct stat st;
+	return stat(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
 }
 
-static int handle_file(const char *path,
-	 unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
+static void unlink_rr_item(const char *name)
 {
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-	char buf[1024];
-	int hunk = 0, hunk_no = 0;
-	struct buffer minus = { NULL, 0, 0 }, plus = { NULL, 0, 0 };
-	struct buffer *one = &minus, *two = &plus;
-	FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
-	FILE *out;
-
-	if (!f)
-		return error("Could not open %s", path);
-
-	if (output) {
-		out = fopen(output, "w");
-		if (!out) {
-			fclose(f);
-			return error("Could not write %s", output);
-		}
-	} else
-		out = NULL;
-
-	if (sha1)
-		SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-
-	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
-		if (!prefixcmp(buf, "<<<<<<< "))
-			hunk = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(buf, "======="))
-			hunk = 2;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(buf, ">>>>>>> ")) {
-			int one_is_longer = (one->nr > two->nr);
-			int common_len = one_is_longer ? two->nr : one->nr;
-			int cmp = memcmp(one->ptr, two->ptr, common_len);
-
-			hunk_no++;
-			hunk = 0;
-			if ((cmp > 0) || ((cmp == 0) && one_is_longer)) {
-				struct buffer *swap = one;
-				one = two;
-				two = swap;
-			}
-			if (out) {
-				fputs("<<<<<<<\n", out);
-				fwrite(one->ptr, one->nr, 1, out);
-				fputs("=======\n", out);
-				fwrite(two->ptr, two->nr, 1, out);
-				fputs(">>>>>>>\n", out);
-			}
-			if (sha1) {
-				SHA1_Update(&ctx, one->ptr, one->nr);
-				SHA1_Update(&ctx, "\0", 1);
-				SHA1_Update(&ctx, two->ptr, two->nr);
-				SHA1_Update(&ctx, "\0", 1);
-			}
-			clear_buffer(one);
-			clear_buffer(two);
-		} else if (hunk == 1)
-			append_line(one, buf);
-		else if (hunk == 2)
-			append_line(two, buf);
-		else if (out)
-			fputs(buf, out);
-	}
-
-	fclose(f);
-	if (out)
-		fclose(out);
-	if (sha1)
-		SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	return hunk_no;
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "thisimage"));
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "preimage"));
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "postimage"));
+	rmdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", name));
 }
 
-static int find_conflict(struct path_list *conflict)
+static int git_rerere_gc_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	int i;
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return error("Could not read index");
-	for (i = 0; i + 2 < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *e1 = active_cache[i];
-		struct cache_entry *e2 = active_cache[i+1];
-		struct cache_entry *e3 = active_cache[i+2];
-		if (ce_stage(e1) == 1 &&
-		    ce_stage(e2) == 2 &&
-		    ce_stage(e3) == 3 &&
-		    ce_same_name(e1, e2) && ce_same_name(e1, e3) &&
-		    S_ISREG(ntohl(e1->ce_mode)) &&
-		    S_ISREG(ntohl(e2->ce_mode)) &&
-		    S_ISREG(ntohl(e3->ce_mode))) {
-			path_list_insert((const char *)e1->name, conflict);
-			i += 2;
-		}
-	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.rerereresolved"))
+		cutoff_resolve = git_config_int(var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "gc.rerereunresolved"))
+		cutoff_noresolve = git_config_int(var, value);
+	else
+		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int merge(const char *name, const char *path)
+static void garbage_collect(struct string_list *rr)
 {
-	int ret;
-	mmfile_t cur, base, other;
-	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
-	xpparam_t xpp = {XDF_NEED_MINIMAL};
-
-	if (handle_file(path, NULL, rr_path(name, "thisimage")) < 0)
-		return 1;
-
-	if (read_mmfile(&cur, rr_path(name, "thisimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&base, rr_path(name, "preimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&other, rr_path(name, "postimage")))
-		return 1;
-	ret = xdl_merge(&base, &cur, "", &other, "",
-			&xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS, &result);
-	if (!ret) {
-		FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
-		if (!f)
-			return error("Could not write to %s", path);
-		fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f);
-		fclose(f);
-	}
-
-	free(cur.ptr);
-	free(base.ptr);
-	free(other.ptr);
-	free(result.ptr);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void unlink_rr_item(const char *name)
-{
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "thisimage"));
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "preimage"));
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "postimage"));
-	rmdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", name));
-}
-
-static void garbage_collect(struct path_list *rr)
-{
-	struct path_list to_remove = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	char buf[1024];
+	struct string_list to_remove = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
-	int len, i, cutoff;
+	int i, cutoff;
 	time_t now = time(NULL), then;
 
-	strlcpy(buf, git_path("rr-cache"), sizeof(buf));
-	len = strlen(buf);
-	dir = opendir(buf);
-	strcpy(buf + len++, "/");
+	git_config(git_rerere_gc_config, NULL);
+	dir = opendir(git_path("rr-cache"));
 	while ((e = readdir(dir))) {
-		const char *name = e->d_name;
-		struct stat st;
-		if (name[0] == '.' && (name[1] == '\0' ||
-					(name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0')))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
 			continue;
-		i = snprintf(buf + len, sizeof(buf) - len, "%s", name);
-		strlcpy(buf + len + i, "/preimage", sizeof(buf) - len - i);
-		if (stat(buf, &st))
+		then = rerere_created_at(e->d_name);
+		if (!then)
 			continue;
-		then = st.st_mtime;
-		strlcpy(buf + len + i, "/postimage", sizeof(buf) - len - i);
-		cutoff = stat(buf, &st) ? cutoff_noresolve : cutoff_resolve;
-		if (then < now - cutoff * 86400) {
-			buf[len + i] = '\0';
-			path_list_insert(xstrdup(name), &to_remove);
-		}
+		cutoff = (has_rerere_resolution(e->d_name)
+			  ? cutoff_resolve : cutoff_noresolve);
+		if (then < now - cutoff * 86400)
+			string_list_append(e->d_name, &to_remove);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < to_remove.nr; i++)
-		unlink_rr_item(to_remove.items[i].path);
-	path_list_clear(&to_remove, 0);
+		unlink_rr_item(to_remove.items[i].string);
+	string_list_clear(&to_remove, 0);
 }
 
 static int outf(void *dummy, mmbuffer_t *ptr, int nbuf)
@@ -280,158 +86,51 @@ static int diff_two(const char *file1, const char *label1,
 
 	printf("--- a/%s\n+++ b/%s\n", label1, label2);
 	fflush(stdout);
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
-	xecfg.flags = 0;
 	ecb.outf = outf;
-	xdl_diff(&minus, &plus, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	xdi_diff(&minus, &plus, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 
 	free(minus.ptr);
 	free(plus.ptr);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int copy_file(const char *src, const char *dest)
-{
-	FILE *in, *out;
-	char buffer[32768];
-	int count;
-
-	if (!(in = fopen(src, "r")))
-		return error("Could not open %s", src);
-	if (!(out = fopen(dest, "w")))
-		return error("Could not open %s", dest);
-	while ((count = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), in)))
-		fwrite(buffer, 1, count, out);
-	fclose(in);
-	fclose(out);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int do_plain_rerere(struct path_list *rr, int fd)
-{
-	struct path_list conflict = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	int i;
-
-	find_conflict(&conflict);
-
-	/*
-	 * MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after merge
-	 * failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been hand resolved
-	 * in the working tree since then, but the initial run would catch all
-	 * and register their preimages.
-	 */
-
-	for (i = 0; i < conflict.nr; i++) {
-		const char *path = conflict.items[i].path;
-		if (!path_list_has_path(rr, path)) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			char *hex;
-			int ret;
-			ret = handle_file(path, sha1, NULL);
-			if (ret < 1)
-				continue;
-			hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			path_list_insert(path, rr)->util = hex;
-			if (mkdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex), 0755))
-				continue;;
-			handle_file(path, NULL, rr_path(hex, "preimage"));
-			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Now some of the paths that had conflicts earlier might have been
-	 * hand resolved.  Others may be similar to a conflict already that
-	 * was resolved before.
-	 */
-
-	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
-		struct stat st;
-		int ret;
-		const char *path = rr->items[i].path;
-		const char *name = (const char *)rr->items[i].util;
-
-		if (!stat(rr_path(name, "preimage"), &st) &&
-				!stat(rr_path(name, "postimage"), &st)) {
-			if (!merge(name, path)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "Resolved '%s' using "
-						"previous resolution.\n", path);
-				goto tail_optimization;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/* Let's see if we have resolved it. */
-		ret = handle_file(path, NULL, NULL);
-		if (ret)
-			continue;
-
-		fprintf(stderr, "Recorded resolution for '%s'.\n", path);
-		copy_file(path, rr_path(name, "postimage"));
-tail_optimization:
-		if (i < rr->nr - 1)
-			memmove(rr->items + i,
-				rr->items + i + 1,
-				sizeof(rr->items[0]) * (rr->nr - i - 1));
-		rr->nr--;
-		i--;
-	}
-
-	return write_rr(rr, fd);
-}
-
-static int git_rerere_config(const char *var, const char *value)
-{
-	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.rerereresolved"))
-		cutoff_resolve = git_config_int(var, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "gc.rerereunresolved"))
-		cutoff_noresolve = git_config_int(var, value);
-	else
-		return git_default_config(var, value);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct path_list merge_rr = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	int i, fd = -1;
-	struct stat st;
+	struct string_list merge_rr = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	int i, fd;
 
-	if (stat(git_path("rr-cache"), &st) || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-		return 0;
-
-	git_config(git_rerere_config);
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return rerere();
 
-	merge_rr_path = xstrdup(git_path("rr-cache/MERGE_RR"));
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&write_lock, merge_rr_path, 1);
-	read_rr(&merge_rr);
+	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return 0;
 
-	if (argc < 2)
-		return do_plain_rerere(&merge_rr, fd);
-	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "clear")) {
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "clear")) {
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
-			if (!stat(git_path("rr-cache/%s", name), &st) &&
-					S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) &&
-					stat(rr_path(name, "postimage"), &st))
+			if (!has_rerere_resolution(name))
 				unlink_rr_item(name);
 		}
-		unlink(merge_rr_path);
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("rr-cache/MERGE_RR"));
 	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "gc"))
 		garbage_collect(&merge_rr);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "status"))
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++)
-			printf("%s\n", merge_rr.items[i].path);
+			printf("%s\n", merge_rr.items[i].string);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "diff"))
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
-			const char *path = merge_rr.items[i].path;
+			const char *path = merge_rr.items[i].string;
 			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
-			diff_two(rr_path(name, "preimage"), path, path, path);
+			diff_two(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), path, path, path);
 		}
 	else
 		usage(git_rerere_usage);
 
-	path_list_clear(&merge_rr, 1);
+	string_list_clear(&merge_rr, 1);
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/builtin-reset.c b/builtin-reset.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5fa1789d0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-reset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+/*
+ * "git reset" builtin command
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Carlos Rica
+ *
+ * Based on git-reset.sh, which is
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Linus Torvalds and Junio C Hamano
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
+	"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge] [-q] [<commit>]",
+	"git reset [--mixed] <commit> [--] <paths>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+enum reset_type { MIXED, SOFT, HARD, MERGE, NONE };
+static const char *reset_type_names[] = { "mixed", "soft", "hard", "merge", NULL };
+
+static char *args_to_str(const char **argv)
+{
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	unsigned long len, space = 0, nr = 0;
+
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		len = strlen(*argv);
+		ALLOC_GROW(buf, nr + 1 + len, space);
+		if (nr)
+			buf[nr++] = ' ';
+		memcpy(buf + nr, *argv, len);
+		nr += len;
+	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(buf, nr + 1, space);
+	buf[nr] = '\0';
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static inline int is_merge(void)
+{
+	return !access(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), F_OK);
+}
+
+static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	const char *args[6];
+
+	args[i++] = "read-tree";
+	if (!quiet)
+		args[i++] = "-v";
+	switch (reset_type) {
+	case MERGE:
+		args[i++] = "-u";
+		args[i++] = "-m";
+		break;
+	case HARD:
+		args[i++] = "-u";
+		/* fallthrough */
+	default:
+		args[i++] = "--reset";
+	}
+	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	args[i] = NULL;
+
+	return run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static void print_new_head_line(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	const char *hex, *body;
+
+	hex = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	printf("HEAD is now at %s", hex);
+	body = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+	if (body) {
+		const char *eol;
+		size_t len;
+		body += 2;
+		eol = strchr(body, '\n');
+		len = eol ? eol - body : strlen(body);
+		printf(" %.*s\n", (int) len, body);
+	}
+	else
+		printf("\n");
+}
+
+static int update_index_refresh(int fd, struct lock_file *index_lock, int flags)
+{
+	int result;
+
+	if (!index_lock) {
+		index_lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+		fd = hold_locked_index(index_lock, 1);
+	}
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		return error("Could not read index");
+
+	result = refresh_cache(flags) ? 1 : 0;
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
+		return error ("Could not refresh index");
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+		struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
+{
+	int i;
+	int *discard_flag = data;
+
+	/* do_diff_cache() mangled the index */
+	discard_cache();
+	*discard_flag = 1;
+	read_cache();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filespec *one = q->queue[i]->one;
+		if (one->mode) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce;
+			ce = make_cache_entry(one->mode, one->sha1, one->path,
+				0, 0);
+			if (!ce)
+				die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'",
+				    one->path);
+			add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD |
+				ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+		} else
+			remove_file_from_cache(one->path);
+	}
+}
+
+static int read_from_tree(const char *prefix, const char **argv,
+		unsigned char *tree_sha1, int refresh_flags)
+{
+	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	int index_fd, index_was_discarded = 0;
+	struct diff_options opt;
+
+	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
+	diff_tree_setup_paths(get_pathspec(prefix, (const char **)argv), &opt);
+	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+	opt.format_callback = update_index_from_diff;
+	opt.format_callback_data = &index_was_discarded;
+
+	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+	index_was_discarded = 0;
+	read_cache();
+	if (do_diff_cache(tree_sha1, &opt))
+		return 1;
+	diffcore_std(&opt);
+	diff_flush(&opt);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&opt);
+
+	if (!index_was_discarded)
+		/* The index is still clobbered from do_diff_cache() */
+		discard_cache();
+	return update_index_refresh(index_fd, lock, refresh_flags);
+}
+
+static void prepend_reflog_action(const char *action, char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	const char *sep = ": ";
+	const char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
+	if (!rla)
+		rla = sep = "";
+	if (snprintf(buf, size, "%s%s%s", rla, sep, action) >= size)
+		warning("Reflog action message too long: %.*s...", 50, buf);
+}
+
+int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i = 0, reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
+	const char *rev = "HEAD";
+	unsigned char sha1[20], *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
+				*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+	char *reflog_action, msg[1024];
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "mixed", &reset_type,
+						"reset HEAD and index", MIXED),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "soft", &reset_type, "reset only HEAD", SOFT),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "hard", &reset_type,
+				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", HARD),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "merge", &reset_type,
+				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", MERGE),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('q', NULL, &quiet,
+				"disable showing new HEAD in hard reset and progress message"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_reset_usage,
+						PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	reflog_action = args_to_str(argv);
+	setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", reflog_action, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Possible arguments are:
+	 *
+	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> <paths>...
+	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> -- <paths>...
+	 * git reset [-opts] -- <paths>...
+	 * git reset [-opts] <paths>...
+	 *
+	 * At this point, argv[i] points immediately after [-opts].
+	 */
+
+	if (i < argc) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
+			i++; /* reset to HEAD, possibly with paths */
+		} else if (i + 1 < argc && !strcmp(argv[i+1], "--")) {
+			rev = argv[i];
+			i += 2;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, argv[i] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
+		 * has to be unambiguous.
+		 */
+		else if (!get_sha1(argv[i], sha1)) {
+			/*
+			 * Ok, argv[i] looks like a rev; it should not
+			 * be a filename.
+			 */
+			verify_non_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
+			rev = argv[i++];
+		} else {
+			/* Otherwise we treat this as a filename */
+			verify_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (get_sha1(rev, sha1))
+		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", rev);
+
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		die("Could not parse object '%s'.", rev);
+	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+
+	/* git reset tree [--] paths... can be used to
+	 * load chosen paths from the tree into the index without
+	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
+	if (i < argc) {
+		if (reset_type == MIXED)
+			warning("--mixed option is deprecated with paths.");
+		else if (reset_type != NONE)
+			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths.",
+					reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
+				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED);
+	}
+	if (reset_type == NONE)
+		reset_type = MIXED; /* by default */
+
+	if (reset_type == HARD && is_bare_repository())
+		die("hard reset makes no sense in a bare repository");
+
+	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
+	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
+	 * the index file to the tree object we are switching to. */
+	if (reset_type == SOFT) {
+		if (is_merge() || read_cache() < 0 || unmerged_cache())
+			die("Cannot do a soft reset in the middle of a merge.");
+	}
+	else if (reset_index_file(sha1, reset_type, quiet))
+		die("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'.", rev);
+
+	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,
+	 * saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
+	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
+		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
+	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
+		orig = sha1_orig;
+		prepend_reflog_action("updating ORIG_HEAD", msg, sizeof(msg));
+		update_ref(msg, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	}
+	else if (old_orig)
+		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
+	prepend_reflog_action("updating HEAD", msg, sizeof(msg));
+	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+
+	switch (reset_type) {
+	case HARD:
+		if (!update_ref_status && !quiet)
+			print_new_head_line(commit);
+		break;
+	case SOFT: /* Nothing else to do. */
+		break;
+	case MIXED: /* Report what has not been updated. */
+		update_index_refresh(0, NULL,
+				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	remove_branch_state();
+
+	free(reflog_action);
+
+	return update_ref_status;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-rev-list.c b/builtin-rev-list.c
index 09774f9559..4ba1c12e0b 100644
--- a/builtin-rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin-rev-list.c
@@ -1,21 +1,15 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "tag.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-
-/* bits #0-15 in revision.h */
-
-#define COUNTED		(1u<<16)
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "graph.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
 
 static const char rev_list_usage[] =
-"git-rev-list [OPTION] <commit-id>... [ -- paths... ]\n"
+"git rev-list [OPTION] <commit-id>... [ -- paths... ]\n"
 "  limiting output:\n"
 "    --max-count=nr\n"
 "    --max-age=epoch\n"
@@ -24,12 +18,18 @@ static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "    --no-merges\n"
 "    --remove-empty\n"
 "    --all\n"
+"    --branches\n"
+"    --tags\n"
+"    --remotes\n"
 "    --stdin\n"
+"    --quiet\n"
 "  ordering output:\n"
 "    --topo-order\n"
 "    --date-order\n"
+"    --reverse\n"
 "  formatting output:\n"
 "    --parents\n"
+"    --children\n"
 "    --objects | --objects-edge\n"
 "    --unpacked\n"
 "    --header | --pretty\n"
@@ -38,67 +38,116 @@ static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "    --left-right\n"
 "  special purpose:\n"
 "    --bisect\n"
-"    --bisect-vars"
+"    --bisect-vars\n"
+"    --bisect-all"
 ;
 
-static struct rev_info revs;
+static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data);
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
+{
+	struct rev_list_info *info = data;
+	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
-static int bisect_list;
-static int show_timestamp;
-static int hdr_termination;
-static const char *header_prefix;
+	graph_show_commit(revs->graph);
 
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	if (show_timestamp)
+	if (info->show_timestamp)
 		printf("%lu ", commit->date);
-	if (header_prefix)
-		fputs(header_prefix, stdout);
-	if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
-		putchar('-');
-	else if (revs.left_right) {
-		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-			putchar('<');
-		else
-			putchar('>');
+	if (info->header_prefix)
+		fputs(info->header_prefix, stdout);
+
+	if (!revs->graph) {
+		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
+			putchar('-');
+		else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			putchar('^');
+		else if (revs->left_right) {
+			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+				putchar('<');
+			else
+				putchar('>');
+		}
 	}
-	if (revs.abbrev_commit && revs.abbrev)
-		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs.abbrev),
+	if (revs->abbrev_commit && revs->abbrev)
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs->abbrev),
 		      stdout);
 	else
 		fputs(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), stdout);
-	if (revs.parents) {
+	if (revs->print_parents) {
 		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
 		while (parents) {
-			struct object *o = &(parents->item->object);
+			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(parents->item->object.sha1));
 			parents = parents->next;
-			if (o->flags & TMP_MARK)
-				continue;
-			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
-			o->flags |= TMP_MARK;
 		}
-		/* TMP_MARK is a general purpose flag that can
-		 * be used locally, but the user should clean
-		 * things up after it is done with them.
-		 */
-		for (parents = commit->parents;
-		     parents;
-		     parents = parents->next)
-			parents->item->object.flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
 	}
-	if (revs.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+	if (revs->children.name) {
+		struct commit_list *children;
+
+		children = lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
+		while (children) {
+			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(children->item->object.sha1));
+			children = children->next;
+		}
+	}
+	show_decorations(revs, commit);
+	if (revs->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 		putchar(' ');
 	else
 		putchar('\n');
 
-	if (revs.verbose_header) {
-		static char pretty_header[16384];
-		pretty_print_commit(revs.commit_format, commit, ~0,
-				    pretty_header, sizeof(pretty_header),
-				    revs.abbrev, NULL, NULL, revs.relative_date);
-		printf("%s%c", pretty_header, hdr_termination);
+	if (revs->verbose_header && commit->buffer) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		pretty_print_commit(revs->commit_format, commit,
+				    &buf, revs->abbrev, NULL, NULL,
+				    revs->date_mode, 0);
+		if (revs->graph) {
+			if (buf.len) {
+				if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+					graph_show_oneline(revs->graph);
+
+				graph_show_commit_msg(revs->graph, &buf);
+
+				/*
+				 * Add a newline after the commit message.
+				 *
+				 * Usually, this newline produces a blank
+				 * padding line between entries, in which case
+				 * we need to add graph padding on this line.
+				 *
+				 * However, the commit message may not end in a
+				 * newline.  In this case the newline simply
+				 * ends the last line of the commit message,
+				 * and we don't need any graph output.  (This
+				 * always happens with CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, and it
+				 * happens with CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT when the
+				 * format doesn't explicitly end in a newline.)
+				 */
+				if (buf.len && buf.buf[buf.len - 1] == '\n')
+					graph_show_padding(revs->graph);
+				putchar('\n');
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * If the message buffer is empty, just show
+				 * the rest of the graph output for this
+				 * commit.
+				 */
+				if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
+					putchar('\n');
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (buf.len)
+				printf("%s%c", buf.buf, info->hdr_termination);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	} else {
+		if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
+			putchar('\n');
 	}
-	fflush(stdout);
+	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
+	finish_commit(commit, data);
+}
+
+static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
+{
 	if (commit->parents) {
 		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
 		commit->parents = NULL;
@@ -107,19 +156,29 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
 	commit->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void finish_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *name)
+{
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1))
+		die("missing blob object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+}
+
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *component)
 {
+	char *name = path_name(path, component);
 	/* An object with name "foo\n0000000..." can be used to
-	 * confuse downstream git-pack-objects very badly.
+	 * confuse downstream "git pack-objects" very badly.
 	 */
-	const char *ep = strchr(p->name, '\n');
+	const char *ep = strchr(name, '\n');
+
+	finish_object(obj, path, name);
 	if (ep) {
-		printf("%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1),
-		       (int) (ep - p->name),
-		       p->name);
+		printf("%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
+		       (int) (ep - name),
+		       name);
 	}
 	else
-		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1), p->name);
+		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+	free(name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -127,349 +186,141 @@ static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 	printf("-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 }
 
-/*
- * This is a truly stupid algorithm, but it's only
- * used for bisection, and we just don't care enough.
- *
- * We care just barely enough to avoid recursing for
- * non-merge entries.
- */
-static int count_distance(struct commit_list *entry)
+static inline int log2i(int n)
 {
-	int nr = 0;
-
-	while (entry) {
-		struct commit *commit = entry->item;
-		struct commit_list *p;
-
-		if (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | COUNTED))
-			break;
-		if (!revs.prune_fn || (commit->object.flags & TREECHANGE))
-			nr++;
-		commit->object.flags |= COUNTED;
-		p = commit->parents;
-		entry = p;
-		if (p) {
-			p = p->next;
-			while (p) {
-				nr += count_distance(p);
-				p = p->next;
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	int log2 = 0;
 
-	return nr;
-}
+	for (; n > 1; n >>= 1)
+		log2++;
 
-static void clear_distance(struct commit_list *list)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit *commit = list->item;
-		commit->object.flags &= ~COUNTED;
-		list = list->next;
-	}
+	return log2;
 }
 
-#define DEBUG_BISECT 0
-
-static inline int weight(struct commit_list *elem)
+static inline int exp2i(int n)
 {
-	return *((int*)(elem->item->util));
+	return 1 << n;
 }
 
-static inline void weight_set(struct commit_list *elem, int weight)
+/*
+ * Estimate the number of bisect steps left (after the current step)
+ *
+ * For any x between 0 included and 2^n excluded, the probability for
+ * n - 1 steps left looks like:
+ *
+ * P(2^n + x) == (2^n - x) / (2^n + x)
+ *
+ * and P(2^n + x) < 0.5 means 2^n < 3x
+ */
+int estimate_bisect_steps(int all)
 {
-	*((int*)(elem->item->util)) = weight;
-}
+	int n, x, e;
 
-static int count_interesting_parents(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct commit_list *p;
-	int count;
+	if (all < 3)
+		return 0;
 
-	for (count = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		count++;
-	}
-	return count;
+	n = log2i(all);
+	e = exp2i(n);
+	x = all - e;
+
+	return (e < 3 * x) ? n : n - 1;
 }
 
-static inline int halfway(struct commit_list *p, int distance, int nr)
+void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+		       const char *format_cur,
+		       const char *format_last)
 {
-	/*
-	 * Don't short-cut something we are not going to return!
-	 */
-	if (revs.prune_fn && !(p->item->object.flags & TREECHANGE))
-		return 0;
-	if (DEBUG_BISECT)
-		return 0;
-	/*
-	 * 2 and 3 are halfway of 5.
-	 * 3 is halfway of 6 but 2 and 4 are not.
-	 */
-	distance *= 2;
-	switch (distance - nr) {
-	case -1: case 0: case 1:
-		return 1;
-	default:
-		return 0;
+	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
+		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
+		printf(format, sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
 	}
 }
 
-#if !DEBUG_BISECT
-#define show_list(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
-#else
-static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
-		      struct commit_list *list)
+static void show_tried_revs(struct commit_list *tried)
 {
-	struct commit_list *p;
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d/%d)\n", debug, counted, nr);
-
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit_list *pp;
-		struct commit *commit = p->item;
-		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		char *buf = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
-		char *ep, *sp;
-
-		fprintf(stderr, "%c%c%c ",
-			(flags & TREECHANGE) ? 'T' : ' ',
-			(flags & UNINTERESTING) ? 'U' : ' ',
-			(flags & COUNTED) ? 'C' : ' ');
-		if (commit->util)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", weight(p));
-		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "---");
-		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-		for (pp = commit->parents; pp; pp = pp->next)
-			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8,
-				sha1_to_hex(pp->item->object.sha1));
-
-		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-		if (sp) {
-			sp += 2;
-			for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
-				;
-			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", (int)(ep - sp), sp);
-		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-	}
+	printf("bisect_tried='");
+	print_commit_list(tried, "%s|", "%s");
+	printf("'\n");
 }
-#endif /* DEBUG_BISECT */
-
-/*
- * zero or positive weight is the number of interesting commits it can
- * reach, including itself.  Especially, weight = 0 means it does not
- * reach any tree-changing commits (e.g. just above uninteresting one
- * but traversal is with pathspec).
- *
- * weight = -1 means it has one parent and its distance is yet to
- * be computed.
- *
- * weight = -2 means it has more than one parent and its distance is
- * unknown.  After running count_distance() first, they will get zero
- * or positive distance.
- */
 
-static struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
-					  int *reaches, int *all)
+static void print_var_str(const char *var, const char *val)
 {
-	int n, nr, on_list, counted, distance;
-	struct commit_list *p, *best, *next, *last;
-	int *weights;
+	printf("%s='%s'\n", var, val);
+}
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, list);
+static void print_var_int(const char *var, int val)
+{
+	printf("%s=%d\n", var, val);
+}
 
-	/*
-	 * Count the number of total and tree-changing items on the
-	 * list, while reversing the list.
-	 */
-	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = list;
-	     p;
-	     p = next) {
-		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
+{
+	int cnt, flags = info->bisect_show_flags;
+	char hex[41] = "";
+	struct commit_list *tried;
+	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
-		next = p->next;
-		if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		p->next = last;
-		last = p;
-		if (!revs.prune_fn || (flags & TREECHANGE))
-			nr++;
-		on_list++;
-	}
-	list = last;
-	show_list("bisection 2 sorted", 0, nr, list);
-
-	*all = nr;
-	weights = xcalloc(on_list, sizeof(int*));
-	counted = 0;
-
-	for (n = 0, p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit *commit = p->item;
-		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
-
-		p->item->util = &weights[n++];
-		switch (count_interesting_parents(commit)) {
-		case 0:
-			if (!revs.prune_fn || (flags & TREECHANGE)) {
-				weight_set(p, 1);
-				counted++;
-				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
-					  counted, nr, list);
-			}
-			/*
-			 * otherwise, it is known not to reach any
-			 * tree-changing commit and gets weight 0.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case 1:
-			weight_set(p, -1);
-			break;
-		default:
-			weight_set(p, -2);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	if (!revs->commits && !(flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED))
+		return 1;
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 initialize", counted, nr, list);
+	revs->commits = filter_skipped(revs->commits, &tried,
+				       flags & BISECT_SHOW_ALL,
+				       NULL, NULL);
 
 	/*
-	 * If you have only one parent in the resulting set
-	 * then you can reach one commit more than that parent
-	 * can reach.  So we do not have to run the expensive
-	 * count_distance() for single strand of pearls.
-	 *
-	 * However, if you have more than one parents, you cannot
-	 * just add their distance and one for yourself, since
-	 * they usually reach the same ancestor and you would
-	 * end up counting them twice that way.
-	 *
-	 * So we will first count distance of merges the usual
-	 * way, and then fill the blanks using cheaper algorithm.
+	 * revs->commits can reach "reaches" commits among
+	 * "all" commits.  If it is good, then there are
+	 * (all-reaches) commits left to be bisected.
+	 * On the other hand, if it is bad, then the set
+	 * to bisect is "reaches".
+	 * A bisect set of size N has (N-1) commits further
+	 * to test, as we already know one bad one.
 	 */
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		n = weight(p);
-		if (n != -2)
-			continue;
-		distance = count_distance(p);
-		clear_distance(list);
-		weight_set(p, distance);
-
-		/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
-		if (halfway(p, distance, nr)) {
-			p->next = NULL;
-			*reaches = distance;
-			free(weights);
-			return p;
-		}
-		counted++;
-	}
-
-	show_list("bisection 2 count_distance", counted, nr, list);
+	cnt = all - reaches;
+	if (cnt < reaches)
+		cnt = reaches;
 
-	while (counted < nr) {
-		for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-			struct commit_list *q;
-			unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+	if (revs->commits)
+		strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(revs->commits->item->object.sha1));
 
-			if (0 <= weight(p))
-				continue;
-			for (q = p->item->parents; q; q = q->next) {
-				if (q->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-					continue;
-				if (0 <= weight(q))
-					break;
-			}
-			if (!q)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * weight for p is unknown but q is known.
-			 * add one for p itself if p is to be counted,
-			 * otherwise inherit it from q directly.
-			 */
-			if (!revs.prune_fn || (flags & TREECHANGE)) {
-				weight_set(p, weight(q)+1);
-				counted++;
-				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
-					  counted, nr, list);
-			}
-			else
-				weight_set(p, weight(q));
-
-			/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
-			distance = weight(p);
-			if (halfway(p, distance, nr)) {
-				p->next = NULL;
-				*reaches = distance;
-				free(weights);
-				return p;
-			}
-		}
+	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_ALL) {
+		traverse_commit_list(revs, show_commit, show_object, info);
+		printf("------\n");
 	}
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 counted all", counted, nr, list);
+	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED)
+		show_tried_revs(tried);
 
-	/* Then find the best one */
-	counted = -1;
-	best = list;
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+	print_var_str("bisect_rev", hex);
+	print_var_int("bisect_nr", cnt - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_good", all - reaches - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_bad", reaches - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_all", all);
+	print_var_int("bisect_steps", estimate_bisect_steps(all));
 
-		if (revs.prune_fn && !(flags & TREECHANGE))
-			continue;
-		distance = weight(p);
-		if (nr - distance < distance)
-			distance = nr - distance;
-		if (distance > counted) {
-			best = p;
-			counted = distance;
-			*reaches = weight(p);
-		}
-	}
-	if (best)
-		best->next = NULL;
-	free(weights);
-	return best;
-}
-
-static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs)
-{
-	char line[1000];
-
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
-		int len = strlen(line);
-		if (line[len - 1] == '\n')
-			line[--len] = 0;
-		if (!len)
-			break;
-		if (line[0] == '-')
-			die("options not supported in --stdin mode");
-		if (handle_revision_arg(line, revs, 0, 1))
-			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
-	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct commit_list *list;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct rev_list_info info;
 	int i;
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
+	int bisect_list = 0;
 	int bisect_show_vars = 0;
+	int bisect_find_all = 0;
+	int quiet = 0;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
 	revs.abbrev = 0;
 	revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED;
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+	info.revs = &revs;
+
+	quiet = DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, QUIET);
 	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
@@ -478,13 +329,20 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--timestamp")) {
-			show_timestamp = 1;
+			info.show_timestamp = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
 			bisect_list = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect-all")) {
+			bisect_list = 1;
+			bisect_find_all = 1;
+			info.bisect_show_flags = BISECT_SHOW_ALL;
+			revs.show_decorations = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect-vars")) {
 			bisect_list = 1;
 			bisect_show_vars = 1;
@@ -501,68 +359,46 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	if (revs.commit_format != CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED) {
 		/* The command line has a --pretty  */
-		hdr_termination = '\n';
+		info.hdr_termination = '\n';
 		if (revs.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-			header_prefix = "";
+			info.header_prefix = "";
 		else
-			header_prefix = "commit ";
+			info.header_prefix = "commit ";
 	}
 	else if (revs.verbose_header)
 		/* Only --header was specified */
 		revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_RAW;
 
-	list = revs.commits;
-
-	if ((!list &&
+	if ((!revs.commits &&
 	     (!(revs.tag_objects||revs.tree_objects||revs.blob_objects) &&
 	      !revs.pending.nr)) ||
 	    revs.diff)
 		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
-	save_commit_buffer = revs.verbose_header || revs.grep_filter;
-	track_object_refs = 0;
+	save_commit_buffer = revs.verbose_header ||
+		revs.grep_filter.pattern_list;
 	if (bisect_list)
 		revs.limited = 1;
 
-	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	if (revs.tree_objects)
 		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
 
 	if (bisect_list) {
 		int reaches = reaches, all = all;
 
-		revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all);
-		if (bisect_show_vars) {
-			int cnt;
-			if (!revs.commits)
-				return 1;
-			/*
-			 * revs.commits can reach "reaches" commits among
-			 * "all" commits.  If it is good, then there are
-			 * (all-reaches) commits left to be bisected.
-			 * On the other hand, if it is bad, then the set
-			 * to bisect is "reaches".
-			 * A bisect set of size N has (N-1) commits further
-			 * to test, as we already know one bad one.
-			 */
-			cnt = all-reaches;
-			if (cnt < reaches)
-				cnt = reaches;
-			printf("bisect_rev=%s\n"
-			       "bisect_nr=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_good=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_bad=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_all=%d\n",
-			       sha1_to_hex(revs.commits->item->object.sha1),
-			       cnt - 1,
-			       all - reaches - 1,
-			       reaches - 1,
-			       all);
-			return 0;
-		}
+		revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
+					      bisect_find_all);
+
+		if (bisect_show_vars)
+			return show_bisect_vars(&info, reaches, all);
 	}
 
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs,
+			     quiet ? finish_commit : show_commit,
+			     quiet ? finish_object : show_object,
+			     &info);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-rev-parse.c b/builtin-rev-parse.c
index 37addb25fa..45bead6545 100644
--- a/builtin-rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin-rev-parse.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define DO_REVS		1
 #define DO_NOREV	2
@@ -20,12 +21,15 @@ static const char *def;
 #define NORMAL 0
 #define REVERSED 1
 static int show_type = NORMAL;
+
+#define SHOW_SYMBOLIC_ASIS 1
+#define SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL 2
 static int symbolic;
 static int abbrev;
+static int abbrev_ref;
+static int abbrev_ref_strict;
 static int output_sq;
 
-static int revs_count;
-
 /*
  * Some arguments are relevant "revision" arguments,
  * others are about output format or other details.
@@ -92,22 +96,54 @@ static void show(const char *arg)
 		puts(arg);
 }
 
+/* Like show(), but with a negation prefix according to type */
+static void show_with_type(int type, const char *arg)
+{
+	if (type != show_type)
+		putchar('^');
+	show(arg);
+}
+
 /* Output a revision, only if filter allows it */
 static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 {
 	if (!(filter & DO_REVS))
 		return;
 	def = NULL;
-	revs_count++;
 
-	if (type != show_type)
-		putchar('^');
-	if (symbolic && name)
-		show(name);
+	if ((symbolic || abbrev_ref) && name) {
+		if (symbolic == SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL || abbrev_ref) {
+			unsigned char discard[20];
+			char *full;
+
+			switch (dwim_ref(name, strlen(name), discard, &full)) {
+			case 0:
+				/*
+				 * Not found -- not a ref.  We could
+				 * emit "name" here, but symbolic-full
+				 * users are interested in finding the
+				 * refs spelled in full, and they would
+				 * need to filter non-refs if we did so.
+				 */
+				break;
+			case 1: /* happy */
+				if (abbrev_ref)
+					full = shorten_unambiguous_ref(full,
+						abbrev_ref_strict);
+				show_with_type(type, full);
+				break;
+			default: /* ambiguous */
+				error("refname '%s' is ambiguous", name);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			show_with_type(type, name);
+		}
+	}
 	else if (abbrev)
-		show(find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+		show_with_type(type, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
 	else
-		show(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		show_with_type(type, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 }
 
 /* Output a flag, only if filter allows it. */
@@ -122,7 +158,7 @@ static int show_flag(const char *arg)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_default(void)
+static int show_default(void)
 {
 	const char *s = def;
 
@@ -132,9 +168,10 @@ static void show_default(void)
 		def = NULL;
 		if (!get_sha1(s, sha1)) {
 			show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, s);
-			return;
+			return 1;
 		}
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
@@ -209,13 +246,200 @@ static int try_difference(const char *arg)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int try_parent_shorthands(const char *arg)
+{
+	char *dotdot;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+	int parents_only;
+
+	if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^!")))
+		parents_only = 0;
+	else if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^@")))
+		parents_only = 1;
+
+	if (!dotdot || dotdot[2])
+		return 0;
+
+	*dotdot = 0;
+	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!parents_only)
+		show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, arg);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next)
+		show_rev(parents_only ? NORMAL : REVERSED,
+				parents->item->object.sha1, arg);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int parseopt_dump(const struct option *o, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct strbuf *parsed = o->value;
+	if (unset)
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " --no-%s", o->long_name);
+	else if (o->short_name)
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " -%c", o->short_name);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " --%s", o->long_name);
+	if (arg) {
+		strbuf_addch(parsed, ' ');
+		sq_quote_buf(parsed, arg);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *skipspaces(const char *s)
+{
+	while (isspace(*s))
+		s++;
+	return s;
+}
+
+static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	static int keep_dashdash = 0, stop_at_non_option = 0;
+	static char const * const parseopt_usage[] = {
+		"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]",
+		NULL
+	};
+	static struct option parseopt_opts[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "keep-dashdash", &keep_dashdash,
+					"keep the `--` passed as an arg"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stop-at-non-option", &stop_at_non_option,
+					"stop parsing after the "
+					"first non-option argument"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT, parsed = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char **usage = NULL;
+	struct option *opts = NULL;
+	int onb = 0, osz = 0, unb = 0, usz = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&parsed, "set --");
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, parseopt_opts, parseopt_usage,
+	                     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	if (argc < 1 || strcmp(argv[0], "--"))
+		usage_with_options(parseopt_usage, parseopt_opts);
+
+	/* get the usage up to the first line with a -- on it */
+	for (;;) {
+		if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			die("premature end of input");
+		ALLOC_GROW(usage, unb + 1, usz);
+		if (!strcmp("--", sb.buf)) {
+			if (unb < 1)
+				die("no usage string given before the `--' separator");
+			usage[unb] = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		usage[unb++] = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	}
+
+	/* parse: (<short>|<short>,<long>|<long>)[=?]? SP+ <help> */
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		const char *s;
+		struct option *o;
+
+		if (!sb.len)
+			continue;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(opts, onb + 1, osz);
+		memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
+
+		o = &opts[onb++];
+		s = strchr(sb.buf, ' ');
+		if (!s || *sb.buf == ' ') {
+			o->type = OPTION_GROUP;
+			o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(sb.buf));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		o->type = OPTION_CALLBACK;
+		o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(s));
+		o->value = &parsed;
+		o->flags = PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
+		o->callback = &parseopt_dump;
+		while (s > sb.buf && strchr("*=?!", s[-1])) {
+			switch (*--s) {
+			case '=':
+				o->flags &= ~PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
+				break;
+			case '?':
+				o->flags &= ~PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
+				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_OPTARG;
+				break;
+			case '!':
+				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_NONEG;
+				break;
+			case '*':
+				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (s - sb.buf == 1) /* short option only */
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+		else if (sb.buf[1] != ',') /* long option only */
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf, s - sb.buf);
+		else {
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf + 2, s - sb.buf - 2);
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	/* put an OPT_END() */
+	ALLOC_GROW(opts, onb + 1, osz);
+	memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, usage,
+			keep_dashdash ? PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH : 0 |
+			stop_at_non_option ? PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION : 0);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&parsed, " --");
+	sq_quote_argv(&parsed, argv, 0);
+	puts(parsed.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_sq_quote(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (argc)
+		sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
+	printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void die_no_single_rev(int quiet)
+{
+	if (quiet)
+		exit(1);
+	else
+		die("Needed a single revision");
+}
+
 int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, as_is = 0, verify = 0;
+	int i, as_is = 0, verify = 0, quiet = 0, revs_count = 0, type = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char *name = NULL;
+
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--parseopt", argv[1]))
+		return cmd_parseopt(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--sq-quote", argv[1]))
+		return cmd_sq_quote(argc - 2, argv + 2);
 
+	prefix = setup_git_directory();
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
@@ -273,6 +497,10 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				verify = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet") || !strcmp(arg, "-q")) {
+				quiet = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--short") ||
 			    !prefixcmp(arg, "--short=")) {
 				filter &= ~(DO_FLAGS|DO_NOREV);
@@ -295,7 +523,25 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--symbolic")) {
-				symbolic = 1;
+				symbolic = SHOW_SYMBOLIC_ASIS;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--symbolic-full-name")) {
+				symbolic = SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev-ref") &&
+			    (!arg[12] || arg[12] == '=')) {
+				abbrev_ref = 1;
+				abbrev_ref_strict = warn_ambiguous_refs;
+				if (arg[12] == '=') {
+					if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "strict"))
+						abbrev_ref_strict = 1;
+					else if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "loose"))
+						abbrev_ref_strict = 0;
+					else
+						die("unknown mode for %s", arg);
+				}
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
@@ -321,6 +567,13 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-cdup")) {
 				const char *pfx = prefix;
+				if (!is_inside_work_tree()) {
+					const char *work_tree =
+						get_git_work_tree();
+					if (work_tree)
+						printf("%s\n", work_tree);
+					continue;
+				}
 				while (pfx) {
 					pfx = strchr(pfx, '/');
 					if (pfx) {
@@ -343,7 +596,7 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					continue;
 				}
 				if (!getcwd(cwd, PATH_MAX))
-					die("unable to get current working directory");
+					die_errno("unable to get current working directory");
 				printf("%s/.git\n", cwd);
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -352,6 +605,16 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 						: "false");
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--is-inside-work-tree")) {
+				printf("%s\n", is_inside_work_tree() ? "true"
+						: "false");
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--is-bare-repository")) {
+				printf("%s\n", is_bare_repository() ? "true"
+						: "false");
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--since=")) {
 				show_datestring("--max-age=", arg+8);
 				continue;
@@ -369,30 +632,43 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (show_flag(arg) && verify)
-				die("Needed a single revision");
+				die_no_single_rev(quiet);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* Not a flag argument */
 		if (try_difference(arg))
 			continue;
-		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
-			show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, arg);
+		if (try_parent_shorthands(arg))
 			continue;
+		name = arg;
+		type = NORMAL;
+		if (*arg == '^') {
+			name++;
+			type = REVERSED;
 		}
-		if (*arg == '^' && !get_sha1(arg+1, sha1)) {
-			show_rev(REVERSED, sha1, arg+1);
+		if (!get_sha1(name, sha1)) {
+			if (verify)
+				revs_count++;
+			else
+				show_rev(type, sha1, name);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (verify)
+			die_no_single_rev(quiet);
 		as_is = 1;
 		if (!show_file(arg))
 			continue;
-		if (verify)
-			die("Needed a single revision");
 		verify_filename(prefix, arg);
 	}
-	show_default();
-	if (verify && revs_count != 1)
-		die("Needed a single revision");
+	if (verify) {
+		if (revs_count == 1) {
+			show_rev(type, sha1, name);
+			return 0;
+		} else if (revs_count == 0 && show_default())
+			return 0;
+		die_no_single_rev(quiet);
+	} else
+		show_default();
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-revert.c b/builtin-revert.c
index 4ba0ee63ab..151aa6a981 100644
--- a/builtin-revert.c
+++ b/builtin-revert.c
@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
 
 /*
  * This implements the builtins revert and cherry-pick.
@@ -19,48 +25,45 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
  */
 
-static const char *revert_usage = "git-revert [--edit | --no-edit] [-n] <commit-ish>";
+static const char * const revert_usage[] = {
+	"git revert [options] <commit-ish>",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static const char *cherry_pick_usage = "git-cherry-pick [--edit] [-n] [-r] [-x] <commit-ish>";
+static const char * const cherry_pick_usage[] = {
+	"git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static int edit;
-static int replay;
-enum { REVERT, CHERRY_PICK } action;
-static int no_commit;
+static int edit, no_replay, no_commit, mainline, signoff;
+static enum { REVERT, CHERRY_PICK } action;
 static struct commit *commit;
-static int needed_deref;
 
 static const char *me;
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
-static void parse_options(int argc, const char **argv)
+static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	const char *usage_str = action == REVERT ?
-		revert_usage : cherry_pick_usage;
+	const char * const * usage_str =
+		action == REVERT ?  revert_usage : cherry_pick_usage;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	const char *arg;
-	int i;
-
-	if (argc < 2)
-		usage(usage_str);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc - 1; i++) {
-		arg = argv[i];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-n") || !strcmp(arg, "--no-commit"))
-			no_commit = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-e") || !strcmp(arg, "--edit"))
-			edit = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-edit"))
-			edit = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-x") || !strcmp(arg, "--i-really-want-"
-				"to-expose-my-private-commit-object-name"))
-			replay = 0;
-		else if (strcmp(arg, "-r"))
-			usage(usage_str);
-	}
+	int noop;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-commit", &no_commit, "don't automatically commit"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit, "edit the commit message"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &no_replay, "append commit name when cherry-picking"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL, &noop, "no-op (backward compatibility)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('m', "mainline", &mainline, "parent number"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	if (parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str, 0) != 1)
+		usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
+	arg = argv[0];
 
-	arg = argv[argc - 1];
 	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
 		die ("Cannot find '%s'", arg);
 	commit = (struct commit *)parse_object(sha1);
@@ -69,7 +72,6 @@ static void parse_options(int argc, const char **argv)
 	if (commit->object.type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		commit = (struct commit *)
 			deref_tag((struct object *)commit, arg, strlen(arg));
-		needed_deref = 1;
 	}
 	if (commit->object.type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		die ("'%s' does not point to a commit", arg);
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ static char *get_oneline(const char *message)
 	return result;
 }
 
-char *get_encoding(const char *message)
+static char *get_encoding(const char *message)
 {
 	const char *p = message, *eol;
 
@@ -126,14 +128,14 @@ char *get_encoding(const char *message)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-struct lock_file msg_file;
+static struct lock_file msg_file;
 static int msg_fd;
 
 static void add_to_msg(const char *string)
 {
 	int len = strlen(string);
 	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, string, len) < 0)
-		die ("Could not write to .msg");
+		die_errno ("Could not write to MERGE_MSG");
 }
 
 static void add_message_to_msg(const char *message)
@@ -165,9 +167,7 @@ static void set_author_ident_env(const char *message)
 			char *line, *pend, *email, *timestamp;
 
 			p += 7;
-			line = xmalloc(eol + 1 - p);
-			memcpy(line, p, eol - p);
-			line[eol - p] = '\0';
+			line = xmemdupz(p, eol - p);
 			email = strchr(line, '<');
 			if (!email)
 				die ("Could not extract author email from %s",
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ static void set_author_ident_env(const char *message)
 			email++;
 			timestamp = strchr(email, '>');
 			if (!timestamp)
-				die ("Could not extract author email from %s",
+				die ("Could not extract author time from %s",
 					sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 			*timestamp = '\0';
 			for (timestamp++; *timestamp && isspace(*timestamp);
@@ -202,77 +202,115 @@ static void set_author_ident_env(const char *message)
 			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 }
 
-static int merge_recursive(const char *base_sha1,
-		const char *head_sha1, const char *head_name,
-		const char *next_sha1, const char *next_name)
+static char *help_msg(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	char buffer[256];
-	const char *argv[6];
+	static char helpbuf[1024];
+	char *msg = getenv("GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP");
 
-	sprintf(buffer, "GITHEAD_%s", head_sha1);
-	setenv(buffer, head_name, 1);
-	sprintf(buffer, "GITHEAD_%s", next_sha1);
-	setenv(buffer, next_name, 1);
+	if (msg)
+		return msg;
 
-	/*
-	 * This three way merge is an interesting one.  We are at
-	 * $head, and would want to apply the change between $commit
-	 * and $prev on top of us (when reverting), or the change between
-	 * $prev and $commit on top of us (when cherry-picking or replaying).
-	 */
-	argv[0] = "merge-recursive";
-	argv[1] = base_sha1;
-	argv[2] = "--";
-	argv[3] = head_sha1;
-	argv[4] = next_sha1;
-	argv[5] = NULL;
-
-	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN | RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	strcpy(helpbuf, "  After resolving the conflicts,\n"
+	       "mark the corrected paths with 'git add <paths>' "
+	       "or 'git rm <paths>' and commit the result.");
+
+	if (action == CHERRY_PICK) {
+		sprintf(helpbuf + strlen(helpbuf),
+			"\nWhen commiting, use the option "
+			"'-c %s' to retain authorship and message.",
+			find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	}
+	return helpbuf;
+}
+
+static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
+{
+	struct tree *tree = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct tree));
+
+	tree->object.parsed = 1;
+	tree->object.type = OBJ_TREE;
+	pretend_sha1_file(NULL, 0, OBJ_TREE, tree->object.sha1);
+	return tree;
 }
 
 static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned char head[20];
-	struct commit *base, *next;
-	int i;
+	struct commit *base, *next, *parent;
+	int i, index_fd, clean;
 	char *oneline, *reencoded_message = NULL;
 	const char *message, *encoding;
+	char *defmsg = git_pathdup("MERGE_MSG");
+	struct merge_options o;
+	struct tree *result, *next_tree, *base_tree, *head_tree;
+	static struct lock_file index_lock;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	me = action == REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
 	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, me, 0);
-	parse_options(argc, argv);
+	parse_args(argc, argv);
 
 	/* this is copied from the shell script, but it's never triggered... */
-	if (action == REVERT && replay)
+	if (action == REVERT && !no_replay)
 		die("revert is incompatible with replay");
 
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die("git %s: failed to read the index", me);
 	if (no_commit) {
 		/*
 		 * We do not intend to commit immediately.  We just want to
-		 * merge the differences in.
+		 * merge the differences in, so let's compute the tree
+		 * that represents the "current" state for merge-recursive
+		 * to work on.
 		 */
-		if (write_tree(head, 0, NULL))
+		if (write_cache_as_tree(head, 0, NULL))
 			die ("Your index file is unmerged.");
 	} else {
-		struct wt_status s;
-
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head))
 			die ("You do not have a valid HEAD");
-		wt_status_prepare(&s);
-		if (s.commitable || s.workdir_dirty)
+		if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
 			die ("Dirty index: cannot %s", me);
-		discard_cache();
 	}
+	discard_cache();
+
+	index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+
+	if (!commit->parents) {
+		if (action == REVERT)
+			die ("Cannot revert a root commit");
+		parent = NULL;
+	}
+	else if (commit->parents->next) {
+		/* Reverting or cherry-picking a merge commit */
+		int cnt;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+
+		if (!mainline)
+			die("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given.",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+		for (cnt = 1, p = commit->parents;
+		     cnt != mainline && p;
+		     cnt++)
+			p = p->next;
+		if (cnt != mainline || !p)
+			die("Commit %s does not have parent %d",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), mainline);
+		parent = p->item;
+	} else if (0 < mainline)
+		die("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge.",
+		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	else
+		parent = commit->parents->item;
 
-	if (!commit->parents)
-		die ("Cannot %s a root commit", me);
-	if (commit->parents->next)
-		die ("Cannot %s a multi-parent commit.", me);
 	if (!(message = commit->buffer))
 		die ("Cannot get commit message for %s",
 				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
+	if (parent && parse_commit(parent) < 0)
+		die("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s",
+		    me, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+
 	/*
 	 * "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
 	 * the difference it introduces since its first parent "prev"
@@ -280,13 +318,14 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 	 * reverse of it if we are revert.
 	 */
 
-	msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, ".msg", 1);
+	msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, defmsg,
+					   LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	encoding = get_encoding(message);
 	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "utf-8";
+		encoding = "UTF-8";
 	if (!git_commit_encoding)
-		git_commit_encoding = "utf-8";
+		git_commit_encoding = "UTF-8";
 	if ((reencoded_message = reencode_string(message,
 					git_commit_encoding, encoding)))
 		message = reencoded_message;
@@ -297,42 +336,50 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 		char *oneline_body = strchr(oneline, ' ');
 
 		base = commit;
-		next = commit->parents->item;
+		next = parent;
 		add_to_msg("Revert \"");
 		add_to_msg(oneline_body + 1);
 		add_to_msg("\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
 		add_to_msg(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+		if (commit->parents->next) {
+			add_to_msg(", reversing\nchanges made to ");
+			add_to_msg(sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+		}
 		add_to_msg(".\n");
 	} else {
-		base = commit->parents->item;
+		base = parent;
 		next = commit;
 		set_author_ident_env(message);
 		add_message_to_msg(message);
-		if (!replay) {
+		if (no_replay) {
 			add_to_msg("(cherry picked from commit ");
 			add_to_msg(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 			add_to_msg(")\n");
 		}
 	}
-	if (needed_deref) {
-		add_to_msg("(original 'git ");
-		add_to_msg(me);
-		add_to_msg("' arguments: ");
-		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-			if (i)
-				add_to_msg(" ");
-			add_to_msg(argv[i]);
-		}
-		add_to_msg(")\n");
-	}
 
-	if (merge_recursive(sha1_to_hex(base->object.sha1),
-				sha1_to_hex(head), "HEAD",
-				sha1_to_hex(next->object.sha1), oneline) ||
-			write_tree(head, 0, NULL)) {
-		const char *target = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
+	read_cache();
+	init_merge_options(&o);
+	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
+	o.branch2 = oneline;
+
+	head_tree = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	next_tree = next ? next->tree : empty_tree();
+	base_tree = base ? base->tree : empty_tree();
+
+	clean = merge_trees(&o,
+			    head_tree,
+			    next_tree, base_tree, &result);
+
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	     commit_locked_index(&index_lock)))
+		die("%s: Unable to write new index file", me);
+	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+
+	if (!clean) {
 		add_to_msg("\nConflicts:\n\n");
-		read_cache();
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr;) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i++];
 			if (ce_stage(ce)) {
@@ -344,25 +391,15 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 					i++;
 			}
 		}
-		if (close(msg_fd) || commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
-			die ("Error wrapping up .msg");
-		unlink(target);
-		if (rename(".msg", target))
-			die ("Could not move .msg to %s", target);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Automatic %s failed.  "
-			"After resolving the conflicts,\n"
-			"mark the corrected paths with 'git-add <paths>'\n"
-			"and commit the result.\n", me);
-		if (action == CHERRY_PICK) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "When commiting, use the option "
-				"'-c %s' to retain authorship and message.\n",
-				find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
-					DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		}
+		if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
+			die ("Error wrapping up %s", defmsg);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Automatic %s failed.%s\n",
+			me, help_msg(commit->object.sha1));
+		rerere();
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	if (close(msg_fd) || commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
-		die ("Error wrapping up .msg");
+	if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
+		die ("Error wrapping up %s", defmsg);
 	fprintf(stderr, "Finished one %s.\n", me);
 
 	/*
@@ -375,15 +412,22 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 	 */
 
 	if (!no_commit) {
-		if (edit)
-			return execl_git_cmd("commit", "-n", "-F", ".msg",
-				"-e", NULL);
-		else
-			return execl_git_cmd("commit", "-n", "-F", ".msg",
-				NULL);
+		/* 6 is max possible length of our args array including NULL */
+		const char *args[6];
+		int i = 0;
+		args[i++] = "commit";
+		args[i++] = "-n";
+		if (signoff)
+			args[i++] = "-s";
+		if (!edit) {
+			args[i++] = "-F";
+			args[i++] = defmsg;
+		}
+		args[i] = NULL;
+		return execv_git_cmd(args);
 	}
-	if (reencoded_message)
-		free(reencoded_message);
+	free(reencoded_message);
+	free(defmsg);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -392,13 +436,14 @@ int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	if (isatty(0))
 		edit = 1;
+	no_replay = 1;
 	action = REVERT;
 	return revert_or_cherry_pick(argc, argv);
 }
 
 int cmd_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	replay = 1;
+	no_replay = 0;
 	action = CHERRY_PICK;
 	return revert_or_cherry_pick(argc, argv);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-rm.c b/builtin-rm.c
index 8a0738f83d..57975dbcfd 100644
--- a/builtin-rm.c
+++ b/builtin-rm.c
@@ -8,9 +8,12 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char builtin_rm_usage[] =
-"git-rm [-f] [-n] [-r] [--cached] [--] <file>...";
+static const char * const builtin_rm_usage[] = {
+	"git rm [options] [--] <file>...",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static struct {
 	int nr, alloc;
@@ -26,29 +29,10 @@ static void add_list(const char *name)
 	list.name[list.nr++] = name;
 }
 
-static int remove_file(const char *name)
+static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 {
-	int ret;
-	char *slash;
-
-	ret = unlink(name);
-	if (ret && errno == ENOENT)
-		/* The user has removed it from the filesystem by hand */
-		ret = errno = 0;
-
-	if (!ret && (slash = strrchr(name, '/'))) {
-		char *n = xstrdup(name);
-		do {
-			n[slash - name] = 0;
-			name = n;
-		} while (!rmdir(name) && (slash = strrchr(name, '/')));
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head)
-{
-	/* items in list are already sorted in the cache order,
+	/*
+	 * Items in list are already sorted in the cache order,
 	 * so we could do this a lot more efficiently by using
 	 * tree_desc based traversal if we wanted to, but I am
 	 * lazy, and who cares if removal of files is a tad
@@ -65,6 +49,8 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head)
 		const char *name = list.name[i];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		unsigned mode;
+		int local_changes = 0;
+		int staged_changes = 0;
 
 		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0)
@@ -73,8 +59,7 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head)
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				fprintf(stderr, "warning: '%s': %s",
-					ce->name, strerror(errno));
+				warning("'%s': %s", ce->name, strerror(errno));
 			/* It already vanished from the working tree */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -86,59 +71,107 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head)
 			 */
 			continue;
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * "rm" of a path that has changes need to be treated
+		 * carefully not to allow losing local changes
+		 * accidentally.  A local change could be (1) file in
+		 * work tree is different since the index; and/or (2)
+		 * the user staged a content that is different from
+		 * the current commit in the index.
+		 *
+		 * In such a case, you would need to --force the
+		 * removal.  However, "rm --cached" (remove only from
+		 * the index) is safe if the index matches the file in
+		 * the work tree or the HEAD commit, as it means that
+		 * the content being removed is available elsewhere.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 * Is the index different from the file in the work tree?
+		 */
 		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0))
-			errs = error("'%s' has local modifications "
-				     "(hint: try -f)", ce->name);
+			local_changes = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * Is the index different from the HEAD commit?  By
+		 * definition, before the very initial commit,
+		 * anything staged in the index is treated by the same
+		 * way as changed from the HEAD.
+		 */
 		if (no_head
 		     || get_tree_entry(head, name, sha1, &mode)
 		     || ce->ce_mode != create_ce_mode(mode)
 		     || hashcmp(ce->sha1, sha1))
-			errs = error("'%s' has changes staged in the index "
-				     "(hint: try -f)", name);
+			staged_changes = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * If the index does not match the file in the work
+		 * tree and if it does not match the HEAD commit
+		 * either, (1) "git rm" without --cached definitely
+		 * will lose information; (2) "git rm --cached" will
+		 * lose information unless it is about removing an
+		 * "intent to add" entry.
+		 */
+		if (local_changes && staged_changes) {
+			if (!index_only || !(ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD))
+				errs = error("'%s' has staged content different "
+					     "from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+					     "(use -f to force removal)", name);
+		}
+		else if (!index_only) {
+			if (staged_changes)
+				errs = error("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
+					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+			if (local_changes)
+				errs = error("'%s' has local modifications\n"
+					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
+					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+		}
 	}
 	return errs;
 }
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
+static int show_only = 0, force = 0, index_only = 0, recursive = 0, quiet = 0;
+static int ignore_unmatch = 0;
+
+static struct option builtin_rm_options[] = {
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "cached",         &index_only, "only remove from the index"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force",          &force,      "override the up-to-date check"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL,             &recursive,  "allow recursive removal"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-unmatch", &ignore_unmatch,
+				"exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
+
 int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, newfd;
-	int show_only = 0, force = 0, index_only = 0, recursive = 0;
 	const char **pathspec;
 	char *seen;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_rm_options,
+			     builtin_rm_usage, 0);
+	if (!argc)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_rm_usage, builtin_rm_options);
+
+	if (!index_only)
+		setup_work_tree();
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
-	for (i = 1 ; i < argc ; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (*arg != '-')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-n"))
-			show_only = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached"))
-			index_only = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-f"))
-			force = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-r"))
-			recursive = 1;
-		else
-			usage(builtin_rm_usage);
-	}
-	if (argc <= i)
-		usage(builtin_rm_usage);
-
-	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
+	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 	seen = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; pathspec[i] ; i++)
 		/* nothing */;
@@ -153,14 +186,24 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (pathspec) {
 		const char *match;
+		int seen_any = 0;
 		for (i = 0; (match = pathspec[i]) != NULL ; i++) {
-			if (!seen[i])
-				die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
-				    match);
+			if (!seen[i]) {
+				if (!ignore_unmatch) {
+					die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					    match);
+				}
+			}
+			else {
+				seen_any = 1;
+			}
 			if (!recursive && seen[i] == MATCHED_RECURSIVELY)
 				die("not removing '%s' recursively without -r",
 				    *match ? match : ".");
 		}
+
+		if (! seen_any)
+			exit(0);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -168,7 +211,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * must match; but the file can already been removed, since
 	 * this sequence is a natural "novice" way:
 	 *
-	 *	rm F; git fm F
+	 *	rm F; git rm F
 	 *
 	 * Further, if HEAD commit exists, "diff-index --cached" must
 	 * report no changes unless forced.
@@ -177,7 +220,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
 			hashclr(sha1);
-		if (check_local_mod(sha1))
+		if (check_local_mod(sha1, index_only))
 			exit(1);
 	}
 
@@ -187,11 +230,11 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
 		const char *path = list.name[i];
-		printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
+		if (!quiet)
+			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
-			die("git-rm: unable to remove %s", path);
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
+			die("git rm: unable to remove %s", path);
 	}
 
 	if (show_only)
@@ -209,18 +252,18 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int removed = 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
 			const char *path = list.name[i];
-			if (!remove_file(path)) {
+			if (!remove_path(path)) {
 				removed = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!removed)
-				die("git-rm: %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("git rm: '%s'", path);
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
+		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-runstatus.c b/builtin-runstatus.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4b489b1214..0000000000
--- a/builtin-runstatus.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "wt-status.h"
-
-extern int wt_status_use_color;
-
-static const char runstatus_usage[] =
-"git-runstatus [--color|--nocolor] [--amend] [--verbose] [--untracked]";
-
-int cmd_runstatus(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
-{
-	struct wt_status s;
-	int i;
-
-	git_config(git_status_config);
-	wt_status_prepare(&s);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--color"))
-			wt_status_use_color = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--nocolor"))
-			wt_status_use_color = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--amend")) {
-			s.amend = 1;
-			s.reference = "HEAD^1";
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose"))
-			s.verbose = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--untracked"))
-			s.untracked = 1;
-		else
-			usage(runstatus_usage);
-	}
-
-	wt_status_print(&s);
-	return s.commitable ? 0 : 1;
-}
diff --git a/builtin-send-pack.c b/builtin-send-pack.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47fb9f7baa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-send-pack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "send-pack.h"
+
+static const char send_pack_usage[] =
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive.";
+
+static struct send_pack_args args;
+
+static int feed_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, int negative)
+{
+	char buf[42];
+
+	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
+		return 1;
+
+	memcpy(buf + negative, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	if (negative)
+		buf[0] = '^';
+	buf[40 + negative] = '\n';
+	return write_or_whine(fd, buf, 41 + negative, "send-pack: send refs");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
+ */
+static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
+	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
+	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
+	 */
+	const char *argv[] = {
+		"pack-objects",
+		"--all-progress",
+		"--revs",
+		"--stdout",
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+	};
+	struct child_process po;
+	int i;
+
+	i = 4;
+	if (args->use_thin_pack)
+		argv[i++] = "--thin";
+	if (args->use_ofs_delta)
+		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
+	po.argv = argv;
+	po.in = -1;
+	po.out = fd;
+	po.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&po))
+		die_errno("git pack-objects failed");
+
+	/*
+	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
+	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
+		if (!feed_object(extra->array[i], po.in, 1))
+			break;
+
+	while (refs) {
+		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
+		    !feed_object(refs->old_sha1, po.in, 1))
+			break;
+		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1) &&
+		    !feed_object(refs->new_sha1, po.in, 0))
+			break;
+		refs = refs->next;
+	}
+
+	close(po.in);
+	if (finish_command(&po))
+		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
+{
+	struct ref *hint;
+	char line[1000];
+	int ret = 0;
+	int len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
+	if (len < 10 || memcmp(line, "unpack ", 7))
+		return error("did not receive remote status");
+	if (memcmp(line, "unpack ok\n", 10)) {
+		char *p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
+		if (*p == '\n')
+			*p = '\0';
+		error("unpack failed: %s", line + 7);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	hint = NULL;
+	while (1) {
+		char *refname;
+		char *msg;
+		len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+		if (len < 3 ||
+		    (memcmp(line, "ok ", 3) && memcmp(line, "ng ", 3))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "protocol error: %s\n", line);
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		line[strlen(line)-1] = '\0';
+		refname = line + 3;
+		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
+		if (msg)
+			*msg++ = '\0';
+
+		/* first try searching at our hint, falling back to all refs */
+		if (hint)
+			hint = find_ref_by_name(hint, refname);
+		if (!hint)
+			hint = find_ref_by_name(refs, refname);
+		if (!hint) {
+			warning("remote reported status on unknown ref: %s",
+					refname);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (hint->status != REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT) {
+			warning("remote reported status on unexpected ref: %s",
+					refname);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (line[0] == 'o' && line[1] == 'k')
+			hint->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
+		else {
+			hint->status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
+			ret = -1;
+		}
+		if (msg)
+			hint->remote_status = xstrdup(msg);
+		/* start our next search from the next ref */
+		hint = hint->next;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct refspec rs;
+
+	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+		return;
+
+	rs.src = ref->name;
+	rs.dst = NULL;
+
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, &rs)) {
+		if (args.verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "updating local tracking ref '%s'\n", rs.dst);
+		if (ref->deletion) {
+			delete_ref(rs.dst, NULL, 0);
+		} else
+			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst,
+					ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+		free(rs.dst);
+	}
+}
+
+#define SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
+
+static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, " %c %-*s ", flag, SUMMARY_WIDTH, summary);
+	if (from)
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
+	else
+		fputs(prettify_refname(to->name), stderr);
+	if (msg) {
+		fputs(" (", stderr);
+		fputs(msg, stderr);
+		fputc(')', stderr);
+	}
+	fputc('\n', stderr);
+}
+
+static const char *status_abbrev(unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	return find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+}
+
+static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	if (ref->deletion)
+		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL);
+	else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+		print_ref_status('*',
+			(!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? "[new tag]" :
+			  "[new branch]"),
+			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL);
+	else {
+		char quickref[84];
+		char type;
+		const char *msg;
+
+		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
+		if (ref->nonfastforward) {
+			strcat(quickref, "...");
+			type = '+';
+			msg = "forced update";
+		} else {
+			strcat(quickref, "..");
+			type = ' ';
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		strcat(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->new_sha1));
+
+		print_ref_status(type, quickref, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg);
+	}
+}
+
+static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count)
+{
+	if (!count)
+		fprintf(stderr, "To %s\n", dest);
+
+	switch(ref->status) {
+	case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, NULL,
+				"remote does not support deleting refs");
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		print_ref_status('=', "[up to date]", ref,
+				ref->peer_ref, NULL);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+				"non-fast forward");
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
+				ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+				ref->remote_status);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote failure]", ref,
+				ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+				"remote failed to report status");
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_OK:
+		print_ok_ref_status(ref);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (args.verbose) {
+		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+				n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n);
+	}
+
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n);
+
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n);
+	}
+}
+
+static int refs_pushed(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch(ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
+	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+	      struct ref *remote_refs,
+	      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
+{
+	int in = fd[0];
+	int out = fd[1];
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int new_refs;
+	int ask_for_status_report = 0;
+	int allow_deleting_refs = 0;
+	int expect_status_report = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
+	if (server_supports("report-status"))
+		ask_for_status_report = 1;
+	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
+		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta"))
+		args->use_ofs_delta = 1;
+
+	if (!remote_refs) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
+			"Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Finally, tell the other end!
+	 */
+	new_refs = 0;
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+
+		if (ref->peer_ref)
+			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		else if (!args->send_mirror)
+			continue;
+
+		ref->deletion = is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1);
+		if (ref->deletion && !allow_deleting_refs) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!ref->deletion &&
+		    !hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* This part determines what can overwrite what.
+		 * The rules are:
+		 *
+		 * (0) you can always use --force or +A:B notation to
+		 *     selectively force individual ref pairs.
+		 *
+		 * (1) if the old thing does not exist, it is OK.
+		 *
+		 * (2) if you do not have the old thing, you are not allowed
+		 *     to overwrite it; you would not know what you are losing
+		 *     otherwise.
+		 *
+		 * (3) if both new and old are commit-ish, and new is a
+		 *     descendant of old, it is OK.
+		 *
+		 * (4) regardless of all of the above, removing :B is
+		 *     always allowed.
+		 */
+
+		ref->nonfastforward =
+		    !ref->deletion &&
+		    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+		    (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)
+		      || !ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1));
+
+		if (ref->nonfastforward && !ref->force && !args->force_update) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!ref->deletion)
+			new_refs++;
+
+		if (!args->dry_run) {
+			char *old_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1);
+			char *new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
+
+			if (ask_for_status_report) {
+				packet_write(out, "%s %s %s%c%s",
+					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
+					"report-status");
+				ask_for_status_report = 0;
+				expect_status_report = 1;
+			}
+			else
+				packet_write(out, "%s %s %s",
+					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
+		}
+		ref->status = expect_status_report ?
+			REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT :
+			REF_STATUS_OK;
+	}
+
+	packet_flush(out);
+	if (new_refs && !args->dry_run) {
+		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, extra_have, args) < 0) {
+			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				ref->status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (expect_status_report)
+		ret = receive_status(in, remote_refs);
+	else
+		ret = 0;
+
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch (ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		case REF_STATUS_OK:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
+		const char *local = heads[i];
+		const char *remote = strrchr(heads[i], ':');
+
+		if (*local == '+')
+			local++;
+
+		/* A matching refspec is okay.  */
+		if (remote == local && remote[1] == '\0')
+			continue;
+
+		remote = remote ? (remote + 1) : local;
+		switch (check_ref_format(remote)) {
+		case 0: /* ok */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL:
+			/* ok but a single level -- that is fine for
+			 * a match pattern.
+			 */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD:
+			/* ok but ends with a pattern-match character */
+			continue;
+		}
+		die("remote part of refspec is not a valid name in %s",
+		    heads[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i, nr_refspecs = 0;
+	const char **refspecs = NULL;
+	const char *remote_name = NULL;
+	struct remote *remote = NULL;
+	const char *dest = NULL;
+	int fd[2];
+	struct child_process *conn;
+	struct extra_have_objects extra_have;
+	struct ref *remote_refs, *local_refs;
+	int ret;
+	int send_all = 0;
+	const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
+	int flags;
+
+	argv++;
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
+		const char *arg = *argv;
+
+		if (*arg == '-') {
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--receive-pack=")) {
+				receivepack = arg + 15;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
+				receivepack = arg + 7;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--remote=")) {
+				remote_name = arg + 9;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
+				send_all = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run")) {
+				args.dry_run = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--mirror")) {
+				args.send_mirror = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--force")) {
+				args.force_update = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
+				args.verbose = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--thin")) {
+				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			usage(send_pack_usage);
+		}
+		if (!dest) {
+			dest = arg;
+			continue;
+		}
+		refspecs = (const char **) argv;
+		nr_refspecs = argc - i;
+		break;
+	}
+	if (!dest)
+		usage(send_pack_usage);
+	/*
+	 * --all and --mirror are incompatible; neither makes sense
+	 * with any refspecs.
+	 */
+	if ((refspecs && (send_all || args.send_mirror)) ||
+	    (send_all && args.send_mirror))
+		usage(send_pack_usage);
+
+	if (remote_name) {
+		remote = remote_get(remote_name);
+		if (!remote_has_url(remote, dest)) {
+			die("Destination %s is not a uri for %s",
+			    dest, remote_name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	conn = git_connect(fd, dest, receivepack, args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
+
+	memset(&extra_have, 0, sizeof(extra_have));
+
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &remote_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
+			 &extra_have);
+
+	verify_remote_names(nr_refspecs, refspecs);
+
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
+
+	flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
+
+	if (send_all)
+		flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
+	if (args.send_mirror)
+		flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+
+	/* match them up */
+	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
+		return -1;
+
+	ret = send_pack(&args, fd, conn, remote_refs, &extra_have);
+
+	close(fd[1]);
+	close(fd[0]);
+
+	ret |= finish_connect(conn);
+
+	print_push_status(dest, remote_refs);
+
+	if (!args.dry_run && remote) {
+		struct ref *ref;
+		for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			update_tracking_ref(remote, ref);
+	}
+
+	if (!ret && !refs_pushed(remote_refs))
+		fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-shortlog.c b/builtin-shortlog.c
index 3f93498bb7..6a3812ee18 100644
--- a/builtin-shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin-shortlog.c
@@ -2,19 +2,24 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
+#include "shortlog.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char shortlog_usage[] =
-"git-shortlog [-n] [-s] [<commit-id>... ]";
-
-static char *common_repo_prefix;
+static char const * const shortlog_usage[] = {
+	"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]",
+	"",
+	"[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static int compare_by_number(const void *a1, const void *a2)
 {
-	const struct path_list_item *i1 = a1, *i2 = a2;
-	const struct path_list *l1 = i1->util, *l2 = i2->util;
+	const struct string_list_item *i1 = a1, *i2 = a2;
+	const struct string_list *l1 = i1->util, *l2 = i2->util;
 
 	if (l1->nr < l2->nr)
 		return 1;
@@ -24,131 +29,80 @@ static int compare_by_number(const void *a1, const void *a2)
 		return -1;
 }
 
-static struct path_list mailmap = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			   const char *line_separator);
 
-static int read_mailmap(const char *filename)
+static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
+			      const char *author,
+			      const char *oneline)
 {
-	char buffer[1024];
-	FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
-
-	if (f == NULL)
-		return 1;
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL) {
-		char *end_of_name, *left_bracket, *right_bracket;
-		char *name, *email;
-		int i;
-		if (buffer[0] == '#') {
-			static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
-			int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
-			int len = strlen(buffer);
-
-			if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-				buffer[--len] = 0;
-			if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
-				char *cp;
-
-				if (common_repo_prefix)
-					free(common_repo_prefix);
-				common_repo_prefix = xmalloc(len);
-
-				for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
-					; /* nothing */
-				strcpy(common_repo_prefix, cp);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if ((left_bracket = strchr(buffer, '<')) == NULL)
-			continue;
-		if ((right_bracket = strchr(left_bracket + 1, '>')) == NULL)
-			continue;
-		if (right_bracket == left_bracket + 1)
-			continue;
-		for (end_of_name = left_bracket; end_of_name != buffer
-				&& isspace(end_of_name[-1]); end_of_name--)
-			/* keep on looking */
-		if (end_of_name == buffer)
-			continue;
-		name = xmalloc(end_of_name - buffer + 1);
-		strlcpy(name, buffer, end_of_name - buffer + 1);
-		email = xmalloc(right_bracket - left_bracket);
-		for (i = 0; i < right_bracket - left_bracket - 1; i++)
-			email[i] = tolower(left_bracket[i + 1]);
-		email[right_bracket - left_bracket - 1] = '\0';
-		path_list_insert(email, &mailmap)->util = name;
+	const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
+	char *buffer, *p;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	char namebuf[1024];
+	char emailbuf[1024];
+	size_t len;
+	const char *eol;
+	const char *boemail, *eoemail;
+	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	boemail = strchr(author, '<');
+	if (!boemail)
+		return;
+	eoemail = strchr(boemail, '>');
+	if (!eoemail)
+		return;
+
+	/* copy author name to namebuf, to support matching on both name and email */
+	memcpy(namebuf, author, boemail - author);
+	len = boemail - author;
+	while(len > 0 && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
+		len--;
+	namebuf[len] = 0;
+
+	/* copy email name to emailbuf, to allow email replacement as well */
+	memcpy(emailbuf, boemail+1, eoemail - boemail);
+	emailbuf[eoemail - boemail - 1] = 0;
+
+	if (!map_user(&log->mailmap, emailbuf, sizeof(emailbuf), namebuf, sizeof(namebuf))) {
+		while (author < boemail && isspace(*author))
+			author++;
+		for (len = 0;
+		     len < sizeof(namebuf) - 1 && author + len < boemail;
+		     len++)
+			namebuf[len] = author[len];
+		while (0 < len && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
+			len--;
+		namebuf[len] = '\0';
 	}
-	fclose(f);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int map_email(char *email, char *name, int maxlen)
-{
-	char *p;
-	struct path_list_item *item;
-
-	/* autocomplete common developers */
-	p = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!p)
-		return 0;
+	else
+		len = strlen(namebuf);
 
-	*p = '\0';
-	/* downcase the email address */
-	for (p = email; *p; p++)
-		*p = tolower(*p);
-	item = path_list_lookup(email, &mailmap);
-	if (item != NULL) {
-		const char *realname = (const char *)item->util;
-		strncpy(name, realname, maxlen);
-		return 1;
+	if (log->email) {
+		size_t room = sizeof(namebuf) - len - 1;
+		int maillen = strlen(emailbuf);
+		snprintf(namebuf + len, room, " <%.*s>", maillen, emailbuf);
 	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void insert_author_oneline(struct path_list *list,
-		const char *author, int authorlen,
-		const char *oneline, int onelinelen)
-{
-	const char *dot3 = common_repo_prefix;
-	char *buffer, *p;
-	struct path_list_item *item;
-	struct path_list *onelines;
-
-	while (authorlen > 0 && isspace(author[authorlen - 1]))
-		authorlen--;
 
-	buffer = xmalloc(authorlen + 1);
-	memcpy(buffer, author, authorlen);
-	buffer[authorlen] = '\0';
-
-	item = path_list_insert(buffer, list);
+	item = string_list_insert(namebuf, &log->list);
 	if (item->util == NULL)
-		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct path_list));
-	else
-		free(buffer);
+		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 
+	/* Skip any leading whitespace, including any blank lines. */
+	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline))
+		oneline++;
+	eol = strchr(oneline, '\n');
+	if (!eol)
+		eol = oneline + strlen(oneline);
 	if (!prefixcmp(oneline, "[PATCH")) {
 		char *eob = strchr(oneline, ']');
-
-		if (eob) {
-			while (isspace(eob[1]) && eob[1] != '\n')
-				eob++;
-			if (eob - oneline < onelinelen) {
-				onelinelen -= eob - oneline;
-				oneline = eob;
-			}
-		}
+		if (eob && (!eol || eob < eol))
+			oneline = eob + 1;
 	}
-
-	while (onelinelen > 0 && isspace(oneline[0])) {
+	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline) && *oneline != '\n')
 		oneline++;
-		onelinelen--;
-	}
-
-	while (onelinelen > 0 && isspace(oneline[onelinelen - 1]))
-		onelinelen--;
-
-	buffer = xmalloc(onelinelen + 1);
-	memcpy(buffer, oneline, onelinelen);
-	buffer[onelinelen] = '\0';
+	format_subject(&subject, oneline, " ");
+	buffer = strbuf_detach(&subject, NULL);
 
 	if (dot3) {
 		int dot3len = strlen(dot3);
@@ -161,137 +115,84 @@ static void insert_author_oneline(struct path_list *list,
 		}
 	}
 
-	onelines = item->util;
-	if (onelines->nr >= onelines->alloc) {
-		onelines->alloc = alloc_nr(onelines->nr);
-		onelines->items = xrealloc(onelines->items,
-				onelines->alloc
-				* sizeof(struct path_list_item));
-	}
-
-	onelines->items[onelines->nr].util = NULL;
-	onelines->items[onelines->nr++].path = buffer;
+	string_list_append(buffer, item->util);
 }
 
-static void read_from_stdin(struct path_list *list)
+static void read_from_stdin(struct shortlog *log)
 {
-	char buffer[1024];
-
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) != NULL) {
-		char *bob;
-		if ((buffer[0] == 'A' || buffer[0] == 'a') &&
-				!prefixcmp(buffer + 1, "uthor: ") &&
-				(bob = strchr(buffer + 7, '<')) != NULL) {
-			char buffer2[1024], offset = 0;
-
-			if (map_email(bob + 1, buffer, sizeof(buffer)))
-				bob = buffer + strlen(buffer);
-			else {
-				offset = 8;
-				while (buffer + offset < bob &&
-				       isspace(bob[-1]))
-					bob--;
-			}
+	char author[1024], oneline[1024];
 
-			while (fgets(buffer2, sizeof(buffer2), stdin) &&
-					buffer2[0] != '\n')
-				; /* chomp input */
-			if (fgets(buffer2, sizeof(buffer2), stdin)) {
-				int l2 = strlen(buffer2);
-				int i;
-				for (i = 0; i < l2; i++)
-					if (!isspace(buffer2[i]))
-						break;
-				insert_author_oneline(list,
-						buffer + offset,
-						bob - buffer - offset,
-						buffer2 + i, l2 - i);
-			}
-		}
+	while (fgets(author, sizeof(author), stdin) != NULL) {
+		if (!(author[0] == 'A' || author[0] == 'a') ||
+		    prefixcmp(author + 1, "uthor: "))
+			continue;
+		while (fgets(oneline, sizeof(oneline), stdin) &&
+		       oneline[0] != '\n')
+			; /* discard headers */
+		while (fgets(oneline, sizeof(oneline), stdin) &&
+		       oneline[0] == '\n')
+			; /* discard blanks */
+		insert_one_record(log, author + 8, oneline);
 	}
 }
 
-static void get_from_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct path_list *list)
+void shortlog_add_commit(struct shortlog *log, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	char scratch[1024];
-	struct commit *commit;
-
-	prepare_revision_walk(rev);
-	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
-		const char *author = NULL, *oneline, *buffer;
-		int authorlen = authorlen, onelinelen;
-
-		/* get author and oneline */
-		for (buffer = commit->buffer; buffer && *buffer != '\0' &&
-				*buffer != '\n'; ) {
-			const char *eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
-
-			if (eol == NULL)
-				eol = buffer + strlen(buffer);
-			else
-				eol++;
-
-			if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "author ")) {
-				char *bracket = strchr(buffer, '<');
-
-				if (bracket == NULL || bracket > eol)
-					die("Invalid commit buffer: %s",
-					    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-				if (map_email(bracket + 1, scratch,
-							sizeof(scratch))) {
-					author = scratch;
-					authorlen = strlen(scratch);
-				} else {
-					if (bracket[-1] == ' ')
-						bracket--;
-
-					author = buffer + 7;
-					authorlen = bracket - buffer - 7;
-				}
-			}
-			buffer = eol;
-		}
+	const char *author = NULL, *buffer;
 
-		if (author == NULL)
-			die ("Missing author: %s",
-					sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	buffer = commit->buffer;
+	while (*buffer && *buffer != '\n') {
+		const char *eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
 
-		if (buffer == NULL || *buffer == '\0') {
-			oneline = "<none>";
-			onelinelen = sizeof(oneline) + 1;
-		} else {
-			char *eol;
-
-			oneline = buffer + 1;
-			eol = strchr(oneline, '\n');
-			if (eol == NULL)
-				onelinelen = strlen(oneline);
-			else
-				onelinelen = eol - oneline;
-		}
+		if (eol == NULL)
+			eol = buffer + strlen(buffer);
+		else
+			eol++;
 
-		insert_author_oneline(list,
-				author, authorlen, oneline, onelinelen);
+		if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "author "))
+			author = buffer + 7;
+		buffer = eol;
 	}
+	if (!author)
+		die("Missing author: %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	if (log->user_format) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT, commit, &buf,
+			DEFAULT_ABBREV, "", "", DATE_NORMAL, 0);
+		insert_one_record(log, author, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (*buffer)
+		buffer++;
+	insert_one_record(log, author, !*buffer ? "<none>" : buffer);
+}
+
+static void get_from_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct shortlog *log)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
 
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL)
+		shortlog_add_commit(log, commit);
 }
 
-static int parse_uint(char const **arg, int comma)
+static int parse_uint(char const **arg, int comma, int defval)
 {
 	unsigned long ul;
 	int ret;
 	char *endp;
 
 	ul = strtoul(*arg, &endp, 10);
-	if (endp != *arg && *endp && *endp != comma)
+	if (*endp && *endp != comma)
 		return -1;
-	ret = (int) ul;
-	if (ret != ul)
+	if (ul > INT_MAX)
 		return -1;
-	*arg = endp;
-	if (**arg)
-		(*arg)++;
+	ret = *arg == endp ? defval : (int)ul;
+	*arg = *endp ? endp + 1 : endp;
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -300,93 +201,122 @@ static const char wrap_arg_usage[] = "-w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]";
 #define DEFAULT_INDENT1 6
 #define DEFAULT_INDENT2 9
 
-static void parse_wrap_args(const char *arg, int *in1, int *in2, int *wrap)
+static int parse_wrap_args(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	arg += 2; /* skip -w */
-
-	*wrap = parse_uint(&arg, ',');
-	if (*wrap < 0)
-		die(wrap_arg_usage);
-	*in1 = parse_uint(&arg, ',');
-	if (*in1 < 0)
-		die(wrap_arg_usage);
-	*in2 = parse_uint(&arg, '\0');
-	if (*in2 < 0)
-		die(wrap_arg_usage);
-
-	if (!*wrap)
-		*wrap = DEFAULT_WRAPLEN;
-	if (!*in1)
-		*in1 = DEFAULT_INDENT1;
-	if (!*in2)
-		*in2 = DEFAULT_INDENT2;
-	if (*wrap &&
-	    ((*in1 && *wrap <= *in1) ||
-	     (*in2 && *wrap <= *in2)))
-		die(wrap_arg_usage);
+	struct shortlog *log = opt->value;
+
+	log->wrap_lines = !unset;
+	if (unset)
+		return 0;
+	if (!arg) {
+		log->wrap = DEFAULT_WRAPLEN;
+		log->in1 = DEFAULT_INDENT1;
+		log->in2 = DEFAULT_INDENT2;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	log->wrap = parse_uint(&arg, ',', DEFAULT_WRAPLEN);
+	log->in1 = parse_uint(&arg, ',', DEFAULT_INDENT1);
+	log->in2 = parse_uint(&arg, '\0', DEFAULT_INDENT2);
+	if (log->wrap < 0 || log->in1 < 0 || log->in2 < 0)
+		return error(wrap_arg_usage);
+	if (log->wrap &&
+	    ((log->in1 && log->wrap <= log->in1) ||
+	     (log->in2 && log->wrap <= log->in2)))
+		return error(wrap_arg_usage);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void shortlog_init(struct shortlog *log)
+{
+	memset(log, 0, sizeof(*log));
+
+	read_mailmap(&log->mailmap, &log->common_repo_prefix);
+
+	log->list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	log->wrap = DEFAULT_WRAPLEN;
+	log->in1 = DEFAULT_INDENT1;
+	log->in2 = DEFAULT_INDENT2;
 }
 
 int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct path_list list = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	int i, j, sort_by_number = 0, summary = 0;
-	int wrap_lines = 0;
-	int wrap = DEFAULT_WRAPLEN;
-	int in1 = DEFAULT_INDENT1;
-	int in2 = DEFAULT_INDENT2;
-
-	/* since -n is a shadowed rev argument, parse our args first */
-	while (argc > 1) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n") || !strcmp(argv[1], "--numbered"))
-			sort_by_number = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--summary"))
-			summary = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[1], "-w")) {
-			wrap_lines = 1;
-			parse_wrap_args(argv[1], &in1, &in2, &wrap);
+	static struct shortlog log;
+	static struct rev_info rev;
+	int nongit;
+
+	static const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "numbered", &log.sort_by_number,
+			    "sort output according to the number of commits per author"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "summary", &log.summary,
+			    "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "email", &log.email,
+			    "Show the email address of each author"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'w', NULL, &log, "w[,i1[,i2]]",
+			"Linewrap output", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_wrap_args },
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
+
+	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	shortlog_init(&log);
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, shortlog_usage)) {
+		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+			exit(129);
+		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
+			goto parse_done;
 		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-h") || !strcmp(argv[1], "--help"))
-			usage(shortlog_usage);
-		else
-			break;
-		argv++;
-		argc--;
+		parse_revision_opt(&rev, &ctx, options, shortlog_usage);
 	}
-	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
-	if (argc > 1)
-		die ("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
+parse_done:
+	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
-	if (!access(".mailmap", R_OK))
-		read_mailmap(".mailmap");
+	if (setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL) != 1) {
+		error("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
+		usage_with_options(shortlog_usage, options);
+	}
 
+	log.user_format = rev.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
+
+	/* assume HEAD if from a tty */
+	if (!nongit && !rev.pending.nr && isatty(0))
+		add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 	if (rev.pending.nr == 0) {
-		if (isatty(0))
-			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log to summarize from standard input)\n");
-		read_from_stdin(&list);
+		read_from_stdin(&log);
 	}
 	else
-		get_from_rev(&rev, &list);
+		get_from_rev(&rev, &log);
 
-	if (sort_by_number)
-		qsort(list.items, list.nr, sizeof(struct path_list_item),
-			compare_by_number);
+	shortlog_output(&log);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
-		struct path_list *onelines = list.items[i].util;
+void shortlog_output(struct shortlog *log)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	if (log->sort_by_number)
+		qsort(log->list.items, log->list.nr, sizeof(struct string_list_item),
+			compare_by_number);
+	for (i = 0; i < log->list.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list *onelines = log->list.items[i].util;
 
-		if (summary) {
-			printf("%s: %d\n", list.items[i].path, onelines->nr);
+		if (log->summary) {
+			printf("%6d\t%s\n", onelines->nr, log->list.items[i].string);
 		} else {
-			printf("%s (%d):\n", list.items[i].path, onelines->nr);
+			printf("%s (%d):\n", log->list.items[i].string, onelines->nr);
 			for (j = onelines->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-				const char *msg = onelines->items[j].path;
+				const char *msg = onelines->items[j].string;
 
-				if (wrap_lines) {
-					int col = print_wrapped_text(msg, in1, in2, wrap);
-					if (col != wrap)
+				if (log->wrap_lines) {
+					int col = print_wrapped_text(msg, log->in1, log->in2, log->wrap);
+					if (col != log->wrap)
 						putchar('\n');
 				}
 				else
@@ -395,17 +325,13 @@ int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			putchar('\n');
 		}
 
-		onelines->strdup_paths = 1;
-		path_list_clear(onelines, 1);
+		onelines->strdup_strings = 1;
+		string_list_clear(onelines, 0);
 		free(onelines);
-		list.items[i].util = NULL;
+		log->list.items[i].util = NULL;
 	}
 
-	list.strdup_paths = 1;
-	path_list_clear(&list, 1);
-	mailmap.strdup_paths = 1;
-	path_list_clear(&mailmap, 1);
-
-	return 0;
+	log->list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear(&log->list, 1);
+	clear_mailmap(&log->mailmap);
 }
-
diff --git a/builtin-show-branch.c b/builtin-show-branch.c
index c892f1f7a6..01bea3b583 100644
--- a/builtin-show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-show-branch.c
@@ -2,11 +2,26 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char show_branch_usage[] =
-"git-show-branch [--sparse] [--current] [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order] [--more=count | --list | --independent | --merge-base ] [--topics] [<refs>...] | --reflog[=n[,b]] <branch>";
-static const char show_branch_usage_reflog[] =
-"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base";
+static const char* show_branch_usage[] = {
+    "git show-branch [--sparse] [--current] [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order] [--more=count | --list | --independent | --merge-base] [--topics] [--color] [<refs>...]",
+    "--reflog[=n[,b]] [--list] [--color] <branch>",
+    NULL
+};
+
+static int showbranch_use_color = -1;
+static char column_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+};
+
+#define COLUMN_COLORS_MAX (ARRAY_SIZE(column_colors))
 
 static int default_num;
 static int default_alloc;
@@ -19,6 +34,20 @@ static const char **default_arg;
 
 #define DEFAULT_REFLOG	4
 
+static const char *get_color_code(int idx)
+{
+	if (showbranch_use_color)
+		return column_colors[idx];
+	return "";
+}
+
+static const char *get_color_reset_code(void)
+{
+	if (showbranch_use_color)
+		return GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+	return "";
+}
+
 static struct commit *interesting(struct commit_list *list)
 {
 	while (list) {
@@ -259,17 +288,17 @@ static void join_revs(struct commit_list **list_p,
 
 static void show_one_commit(struct commit *commit, int no_name)
 {
-	char pretty[256], *cp;
+	struct strbuf pretty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *pretty_str = "(unavailable)";
 	struct commit_name *name = commit->util;
-	if (commit->object.parsed)
-		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, ~0,
-				    pretty, sizeof(pretty), 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
-	else
-		strcpy(pretty, "(unavailable)");
-	if (!prefixcmp(pretty, "[PATCH] "))
-		cp = pretty + 8;
-	else
-		cp = pretty;
+
+	if (commit->object.parsed) {
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
+				    &pretty, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+		pretty_str = pretty.buf;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(pretty_str, "[PATCH] "))
+		pretty_str += 8;
 
 	if (!no_name) {
 		if (name && name->head_name) {
@@ -286,7 +315,8 @@ static void show_one_commit(struct commit *commit, int no_name)
 			printf("[%s] ",
 			       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, 7));
 	}
-	puts(cp);
+	puts(pretty_str);
+	strbuf_release(&pretty);
 }
 
 static char *ref_name[MAX_REVS + 1];
@@ -364,8 +394,7 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 				return 0;
 	}
 	if (MAX_REVS <= ref_name_cnt) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: ignoring %s; "
-			"cannot handle more than %d refs\n",
+		warning("ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs",
 			refname, MAX_REVS);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -531,9 +560,11 @@ static void append_one_rev(const char *av)
 	die("bad sha1 reference %s", av);
 }
 
-static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "showbranch.default")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		if (default_alloc <= default_num + 1) {
 			default_alloc = default_alloc * 3 / 2 + 20;
 			default_arg = xrealloc(default_arg, sizeof *default_arg * default_alloc);
@@ -543,7 +574,12 @@ static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.showbranch")) {
+		showbranch_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int omit_in_dense(struct commit *commit, struct commit **rev, int n)
@@ -567,18 +603,25 @@ static int omit_in_dense(struct commit *commit, struct commit **rev, int n)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void parse_reflog_param(const char *arg, int *cnt, const char **base)
+static int reflog = 0;
+
+static int parse_reflog_param(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			      int unset)
 {
 	char *ep;
-	*cnt = strtoul(arg, &ep, 10);
+	const char **base = (const char **)opt->value;
+	if (!arg)
+		arg = "";
+	reflog = strtoul(arg, &ep, 10);
 	if (*ep == ',')
 		*base = ep + 1;
 	else if (*ep)
-		die("unrecognized reflog param '%s'", arg + 9);
+		return error("unrecognized reflog param '%s'", arg);
 	else
 		*base = NULL;
-	if (*cnt <= 0)
-		*cnt = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
+	if (reflog <= 0)
+		reflog = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
@@ -604,10 +647,48 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	int head_at = -1;
 	int topics = 0;
 	int dense = 1;
-	int reflog = 0;
 	const char *reflog_base = NULL;
-
-	git_config(git_show_branch_config);
+	struct option builtin_show_branch_options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all_heads,
+			    "show remote-tracking and local branches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('r', "remotes", &all_remotes,
+			    "show remote-tracking branches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "color", &showbranch_use_color,
+			    "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "more", &extra, "n",
+			    "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)1 },
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "list", &extra, "synonym to more=-1", -1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-name", &no_name, "suppress naming strings"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "current", &with_current_branch,
+			    "include the current branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "sha1-name", &sha1_name,
+			    "name commits with their object names"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "merge-base", &merge_base,
+			    "act like git merge-base -a"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "independent", &independent,
+			    "show refs unreachable from any other ref"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topo-order", &lifo,
+			    "show commits in topological order"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topics", &topics,
+			    "show only commits not on the first branch"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "sparse", &dense,
+			    "show merges reachable from only one tip", 0),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "date-order", &lifo,
+			    "show commits where no parent comes before its "
+			    "children", 0),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'g', "reflog", &reflog_base, "<n>[,<base>]",
+			    "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at "
+			    "base",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			    parse_reflog_param },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_show_branch_config, NULL);
+
+	if (showbranch_use_color == -1)
+		showbranch_use_color = git_use_color_default;
 
 	/* If nothing is specified, try the default first */
 	if (ac == 1 && default_num) {
@@ -615,59 +696,18 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 		av = default_arg - 1; /* ick; we would not address av[0] */
 	}
 
-	while (1 < ac && av[1][0] == '-') {
-		const char *arg = av[1];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			ac--; av++;
-			break;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all") || !strcmp(arg, "-a"))
-			all_heads = all_remotes = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remotes") || !strcmp(arg, "-r"))
-			all_remotes = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--more"))
-			extra = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--list"))
-			extra = -1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-name"))
-			no_name = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--current"))
-			with_current_branch = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sha1-name"))
-			sha1_name = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--more="))
-			extra = atoi(arg + 7);
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merge-base"))
-			merge_base = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--independent"))
-			independent = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--topo-order"))
-			lifo = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--topics"))
-			topics = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sparse"))
-			dense = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order"))
-			lifo = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--reflog") || !strcmp(arg, "-g")) {
-			reflog = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--reflog="))
-			parse_reflog_param(arg + 9, &reflog, &reflog_base);
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-g="))
-			parse_reflog_param(arg + 3, &reflog, &reflog_base);
-		else
-			usage(show_branch_usage);
-		ac--; av++;
-	}
-	ac--; av++;
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, builtin_show_branch_options,
+			   show_branch_usage, PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+	if (all_heads)
+		all_remotes = 1;
 
 	if (extra || reflog) {
 		/* "listing" mode is incompatible with
 		 * independent nor merge-base modes.
 		 */
 		if (independent || merge_base)
-			usage(show_branch_usage);
+			usage_with_options(show_branch_usage,
+					   builtin_show_branch_options);
 		if (reflog && ((0 < extra) || all_heads || all_remotes))
 			/*
 			 * Asking for --more in reflog mode does not
@@ -675,7 +715,8 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			 *
 			 * Also --all and --remotes do not make sense either.
 			 */
-			usage(show_branch_usage_reflog);
+			die("--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, "
+			    "--independent or --merge-base");
 	}
 
 	/* If nothing is specified, show all branches by default */
@@ -778,8 +819,8 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 				has_head++;
 		}
 		if (!has_head) {
-			int pfxlen = strlen("refs/heads/");
-			append_one_rev(head + pfxlen);
+			int offset = !prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ? 11 : 0;
+			append_one_rev(head + offset);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -841,8 +882,10 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			else {
 				for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
 					putchar(' ');
-				printf("%c [%s] ",
-				       is_head ? '*' : '!', ref_name[i]);
+				printf("%s%c%s [%s] ",
+				       get_color_code(i % COLUMN_COLORS_MAX),
+				       is_head ? '*' : '!',
+				       get_color_reset_code(), ref_name[i]);
 			}
 
 			if (!reflog) {
@@ -901,7 +944,9 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 					mark = '*';
 				else
 					mark = '+';
-				putchar(mark);
+				printf("%s%c%s",
+				       get_color_code(i % COLUMN_COLORS_MAX),
+				       mark, get_color_reset_code());
 			}
 			putchar(' ');
 		}
diff --git a/builtin-show-ref.c b/builtin-show-ref.c
index 9463ff0e69..c46550c9c0 100644
--- a/builtin-show-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-show-ref.c
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char show_ref_usage[] = "git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<length>]] [--abbrev[=<length>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] < ref-list";
+static const char * const show_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] ",
+	"git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static int deref_tags = 0, show_head = 0, tags_only = 0, heads_only = 0,
-	found_match = 0, verify = 0, quiet = 0, hash_only = 0, abbrev = 0;
+static int deref_tags, show_head, tags_only, heads_only, found_match, verify,
+	   quiet, hash_only, abbrev, exclude_arg;
 static const char **pattern;
+static const char *exclude_existing_arg;
 
 static void show_one(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -61,7 +68,7 @@ match:
 	 * ref points at a nonexistent object.
 	 */
 	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		die("git-show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
+		die("git show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
 		    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	if (quiet)
@@ -81,10 +88,13 @@ match:
 	else {
 		obj = parse_object(sha1);
 		if (!obj)
-			die("git-show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
+			die("git show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
 			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			obj = deref_tag(obj, refname, 0);
+			if (!obj)
+				die("git show-ref: bad tag at ref %s (%s)", refname,
+				    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			hex = find_unique_abbrev(obj->sha1, abbrev);
 			printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
 		}
@@ -94,8 +104,8 @@ match:
 
 static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
-	struct path_list *list = (struct path_list *)cbdata;
-	path_list_insert(refname, list);
+	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cbdata;
+	string_list_insert(refname, list);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -110,7 +120,7 @@ static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag
  */
 static int exclude_existing(const char *match)
 {
-	static struct path_list existing_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	static struct string_list existing_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
 	char buf[1024];
 	int matchlen = match ? strlen(match) : 0;
 
@@ -136,89 +146,70 @@ static int exclude_existing(const char *match)
 				continue;
 		}
 		if (check_ref_format(ref)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: ref '%s' ignored\n", ref);
+			warning("ref '%s' ignored", ref);
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!path_list_has_path(&existing_refs, ref)) {
+		if (!string_list_has_string(&existing_refs, ref)) {
 			printf("%s\n", buf);
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int hash_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	hash_only = 1;
+	/* Use full length SHA1 if no argument */
+	if (!arg)
+		return 0;
+	return parse_opt_abbrev_cb(opt, arg, unset);
+}
+
+static int exclude_existing_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				     int unset)
+{
+	exclude_arg = 1;
+	*(const char **)opt->value = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static const struct option show_ref_options[] = {
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &tags_only, "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "heads", &heads_only, "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "verify", &verify, "stricter reference checking, "
+		    "requires exact ref path"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('h', "head", &show_head, "show the HEAD reference"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "dereference", &deref_tags,
+		    "dereference tags into object IDs"),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 's', "hash", &abbrev, "n",
+	  "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits",
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &hash_callback },
+	OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-existing", &exclude_existing_arg,
+	  "pattern", "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository",
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_existing_callback },
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", NULL, NULL, "show usage",
+	  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
 int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, show_ref_options,
+			     show_ref_usage, PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (*arg != '-') {
-			pattern = argv + i;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			pattern = argv + i + 1;
-			if (!*pattern)
-				pattern = NULL;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-q") || !strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
-			quiet = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-h") || !strcmp(arg, "--head")) {
-			show_head = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-d") || !strcmp(arg, "--dereference")) {
-			deref_tags = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-s") || !strcmp(arg, "--hash")) {
-			hash_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--hash=") ||
-		    (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev") &&
-		     (arg[8] == '=' || arg[8] == '\0'))) {
-			if (arg[2] != 'h' && !arg[8])
-				/* --abbrev only */
-				abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-			else {
-				/* --hash= or --abbrev= */
-				char *end;
-				if (arg[2] == 'h') {
-					hash_only = 1;
-					arg += 7;
-				}
-				else
-					arg += 9;
-				abbrev = strtoul(arg, &end, 10);
-				if (*end || abbrev > 40)
-					usage(show_ref_usage);
-				if (abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-					abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify")) {
-			verify = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-			tags_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--heads")) {
-			heads_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-existing"))
-			return exclude_existing(NULL);
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-existing="))
-			return exclude_existing(arg + 19);
-		usage(show_ref_usage);
-	}
+	if (exclude_arg)
+		return exclude_existing(exclude_existing_arg);
+
+	pattern = argv;
+	if (!*pattern)
+		pattern = NULL;
 
 	if (verify) {
 		if (!pattern)
diff --git a/builtin-stripspace.c b/builtin-stripspace.c
index f0d4d9e2d1..1fd2205d53 100644
--- a/builtin-stripspace.c
+++ b/builtin-stripspace.c
@@ -1,58 +1,88 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
 
 /*
- * Remove empty lines from the beginning and end.
+ * Returns the length of a line, without trailing spaces.
  *
- * Turn multiple consecutive empty lines into just one
- * empty line.  Return true if it is an incomplete line.
+ * If the line ends with newline, it will be removed too.
  */
-static int cleanup(char *line)
+static size_t cleanup(char *line, size_t len)
 {
-	int len = strlen(line);
-
-	if (len && line[len-1] == '\n') {
-		if (len == 1)
-			return 0;
-		do {
-			unsigned char c = line[len-2];
-			if (!isspace(c))
-				break;
-			line[len-2] = '\n';
-			len--;
-			line[len] = 0;
-		} while (len > 1);
-		return 0;
+	while (len) {
+		unsigned char c = line[len - 1];
+		if (!isspace(c))
+			break;
+		len--;
 	}
-	return 1;
+
+	return len;
 }
 
-void stripspace(FILE *in, FILE *out)
+/*
+ * Remove empty lines from the beginning and end
+ * and also trailing spaces from every line.
+ *
+ * Note that the buffer will not be NUL-terminated.
+ *
+ * Turn multiple consecutive empty lines between paragraphs
+ * into just one empty line.
+ *
+ * If the input has only empty lines and spaces,
+ * no output will be produced.
+ *
+ * If last line does not have a newline at the end, one is added.
+ *
+ * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with "#".
+ */
+void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
 {
-	int empties = -1;
-	int incomplete = 0;
-	char line[1024];
+	int empties = 0;
+	size_t i, j, len, newlen;
+	char *eol;
 
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
-		incomplete = cleanup(line);
+	/* We may have to add a newline. */
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+
+	for (i = j = 0; i < sb->len; i += len, j += newlen) {
+		eol = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
+		len = eol ? eol - (sb->buf + i) + 1 : sb->len - i;
+
+		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == '#') {
+			newlen = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		newlen = cleanup(sb->buf + i, len);
 
 		/* Not just an empty line? */
-		if (line[0] != '\n') {
-			if (empties > 0)
-				fputc('\n', out);
+		if (newlen) {
+			if (empties > 0 && j > 0)
+				sb->buf[j++] = '\n';
 			empties = 0;
-			fputs(line, out);
-			continue;
+			memmove(sb->buf + j, sb->buf + i, newlen);
+			sb->buf[newlen + j++] = '\n';
+		} else {
+			empties++;
 		}
-		if (empties < 0)
-			continue;
-		empties++;
 	}
-	if (incomplete)
-		fputc('\n', out);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, j);
 }
 
 int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	stripspace(stdin, stdout);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int strip_comments = 0;
+
+	if (argc > 1 && (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
+				!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")))
+		strip_comments = 1;
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
+		die_errno("could not read the input");
+
+	stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+
+	write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
index d41b40640b..ca855a5eb2 100644
--- a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char git_symbolic_ref_usage[] =
-"git-symbolic-ref [-q] [-m <reason>] name [ref]";
+static const char * const git_symbolic_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static void check_symref(const char *HEAD, int quiet)
 {
@@ -26,46 +29,29 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int quiet = 0;
 	const char *msg = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT_STRING('m', NULL, &msg, "reason", "reason of the update"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp("-q", arg))
-			quiet = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("-m", arg)) {
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-			if (argc <= 1)
-				break;
-			msg = argv[1];
-			if (!*msg)
-				die("Refusing to perform update with empty message");
-			if (strchr(msg, '\n'))
-				die("Refusing to perform update with \\n in message");
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp("--", arg)) {
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-			break;
-		}
-		else
-			die("unknown option %s", arg);
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
-
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_symbolic_ref_usage, 0);
+	if (msg &&!*msg)
+		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message");
 	switch (argc) {
-	case 2:
-		check_symref(argv[1], quiet);
+	case 1:
+		check_symref(argv[0], quiet);
 		break;
-	case 3:
-		create_symref(argv[1], argv[2], msg);
+	case 2:
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD") &&
+		    prefixcmp(argv[1], "refs/"))
+			die("Refusing to point HEAD outside of refs/");
+		create_symref(argv[0], argv[1], msg);
 		break;
 	default:
-		usage(git_symbolic_ref_usage);
+		usage_with_options(git_symbolic_ref_usage, options);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-tag.c b/builtin-tag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a51a6d1ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-tag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,485 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git tag"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>,
+ *                    Carlos Rica <jasampler@gmail.com>
+ * Based on git-tag.sh and mktag.c by Linus Torvalds.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static const char * const git_tag_usage[] = {
+	"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]",
+	"git tag -d <tagname>...",
+	"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [<pattern>]",
+	"git tag -v <tagname>...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static char signingkey[1000];
+
+struct tag_filter {
+	const char *pattern;
+	int lines;
+	struct commit_list *with_commit;
+};
+
+#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
+
+static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			  int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct tag_filter *filter = cb_data;
+
+	if (!fnmatch(filter->pattern, refname, 0)) {
+		int i;
+		unsigned long size;
+		enum object_type type;
+		char *buf, *sp, *eol;
+		size_t len;
+
+		if (filter->with_commit) {
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+			if (!commit)
+				return 0;
+			if (!is_descendant_of(commit, filter->with_commit))
+				return 0;
+		}
+
+		if (!filter->lines) {
+			printf("%s\n", refname);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		printf("%-15s ", refname);
+
+		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		if (!buf || !size)
+			return 0;
+
+		/* skip header */
+		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+		if (!sp) {
+			free(buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		/* only take up to "lines" lines, and strip the signature */
+		for (i = 0, sp += 2;
+				i < filter->lines && sp < buf + size &&
+				prefixcmp(sp, PGP_SIGNATURE "\n");
+				i++) {
+			if (i)
+				printf("\n    ");
+			eol = memchr(sp, '\n', size - (sp - buf));
+			len = eol ? eol - sp : size - (sp - buf);
+			fwrite(sp, len, 1, stdout);
+			if (!eol)
+				break;
+			sp = eol + 1;
+		}
+		putchar('\n');
+		free(buf);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines,
+			struct commit_list *with_commit)
+{
+	struct tag_filter filter;
+
+	if (pattern == NULL)
+		pattern = "*";
+
+	filter.pattern = pattern;
+	filter.lines = lines;
+	filter.with_commit = with_commit;
+
+	for_each_tag_ref(show_reference, (void *) &filter);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+typedef int (*each_tag_name_fn)(const char *name, const char *ref,
+				const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+static int for_each_tag_name(const char **argv, each_tag_name_fn fn)
+{
+	const char **p;
+	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	int had_error = 0;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
+		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", *p)
+					>= sizeof(ref)) {
+			error("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, *p);
+			had_error = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+			error("tag '%s' not found.", *p);
+			had_error = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (fn(*p, ref, sha1))
+			had_error = 1;
+	}
+	return had_error;
+}
+
+static int delete_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
+				const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
+		return 1;
+	printf("Deleted tag '%s'\n", name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
+				const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	const char *argv_verify_tag[] = {"git-verify-tag",
+					"-v", "SHA1_HEX", NULL};
+	argv_verify_tag[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_verify_tag, 0))
+		return error("could not verify the tag '%s'", name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int do_sign(struct strbuf *buffer)
+{
+	struct child_process gpg;
+	const char *args[4];
+	char *bracket;
+	int len;
+	int i, j;
+
+	if (!*signingkey) {
+		if (strlcpy(signingkey, git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME),
+				sizeof(signingkey)) > sizeof(signingkey) - 1)
+			return error("committer info too long.");
+		bracket = strchr(signingkey, '>');
+		if (bracket)
+			bracket[1] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	/* When the username signingkey is bad, program could be terminated
+	 * because gpg exits without reading and then write gets SIGPIPE. */
+	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	memset(&gpg, 0, sizeof(gpg));
+	gpg.argv = args;
+	gpg.in = -1;
+	gpg.out = -1;
+	args[0] = "gpg";
+	args[1] = "-bsau";
+	args[2] = signingkey;
+	args[3] = NULL;
+
+	if (start_command(&gpg))
+		return error("could not run gpg.");
+
+	if (write_in_full(gpg.in, buffer->buf, buffer->len) != buffer->len) {
+		close(gpg.in);
+		close(gpg.out);
+		finish_command(&gpg);
+		return error("gpg did not accept the tag data");
+	}
+	close(gpg.in);
+	len = strbuf_read(buffer, gpg.out, 1024);
+	close(gpg.out);
+
+	if (finish_command(&gpg) || !len || len < 0)
+		return error("gpg failed to sign the tag");
+
+	/* Strip CR from the line endings, in case we are on Windows. */
+	for (i = j = 0; i < buffer->len; i++)
+		if (buffer->buf[i] != '\r') {
+			if (i != j)
+				buffer->buf[j] = buffer->buf[i];
+			j++;
+		}
+	strbuf_setlen(buffer, j);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char tag_template[] =
+	"\n"
+	"#\n"
+	"# Write a tag message\n"
+	"#\n";
+
+static void set_signingkey(const char *value)
+{
+	if (strlcpy(signingkey, value, sizeof(signingkey)) >= sizeof(signingkey))
+		die("signing key value too long (%.10s...)", value);
+}
+
+static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "user.signingkey")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		set_signingkey(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static void write_tag_body(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf, *sp, *eob;
+	size_t len;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return;
+	/* skip header */
+	sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+
+	if (!sp || !size || type != OBJ_TAG) {
+		free(buf);
+		return;
+	}
+	sp += 2; /* skip the 2 LFs */
+	eob = strstr(sp, "\n" PGP_SIGNATURE "\n");
+	if (eob)
+		len = eob - sp;
+	else
+		len = buf + size - sp;
+	write_or_die(fd, sp, len);
+
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, unsigned char *result)
+{
+	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
+		return error("unable to sign the tag");
+	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
+		return error("unable to write tag file");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
+		       struct strbuf *buf, int message, int sign,
+		       unsigned char *prev, unsigned char *result)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	char header_buf[1024];
+	int header_len;
+	char *path = NULL;
+
+	type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
+	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
+	    die("bad object type.");
+
+	header_len = snprintf(header_buf, sizeof(header_buf),
+			  "object %s\n"
+			  "type %s\n"
+			  "tag %s\n"
+			  "tagger %s\n\n",
+			  sha1_to_hex(object),
+			  typename(type),
+			  tag,
+			  git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
+
+	if (header_len > sizeof(header_buf) - 1)
+		die("tag header too big.");
+
+	if (!message) {
+		int fd;
+
+		/* write the template message before editing: */
+		path = git_pathdup("TAG_EDITMSG");
+		fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			die_errno("could not create file '%s'", path);
+
+		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
+			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
+		else
+			write_or_die(fd, tag_template, strlen(tag_template));
+		close(fd);
+
+		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	stripspace(buf, 1);
+
+	if (!message && !buf->len)
+		die("no tag message?");
+
+	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
+
+	if (build_tag_object(buf, sign, result) < 0) {
+		if (path)
+			fprintf(stderr, "The tag message has been left in %s\n",
+				path);
+		exit(128);
+	}
+	if (path) {
+		unlink_or_warn(path);
+		free(path);
+	}
+}
+
+struct msg_arg {
+	int given;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+};
+
+static int parse_msg_arg(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct msg_arg *msg = opt->value;
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (msg->buf.len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&(msg->buf), "\n\n");
+	strbuf_addstr(&(msg->buf), arg);
+	msg->given = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char object[20], prev[20];
+	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	const char *object_ref, *tag;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+
+	int annotate = 0, sign = 0, force = 0, lines = -1,
+		list = 0, delete = 0, verify = 0;
+	const char *msgfile = NULL, *keyid = NULL;
+	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, "list tag names"),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, "n",
+				"print <n> lines of each tag message",
+				PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "delete tags"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &verify, "verify tags"),
+
+		OPT_GROUP("Tag creation options"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', NULL, &annotate,
+					"annotated tag, needs a message"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('m', NULL, &msg, "msg",
+			     "message for the tag", parse_msg_arg),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', NULL, &msgfile, "message in a file"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', NULL, &sign, "annotated and GPG-signed tag"),
+		OPT_STRING('u', NULL, &keyid, "key-id",
+					"use another key to sign the tag"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+
+		OPT_GROUP("Tag listing options"),
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
+			"print only tags that contain the commit",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+		},
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_tag_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_tag_usage, 0);
+
+	if (keyid) {
+		sign = 1;
+		set_signingkey(keyid);
+	}
+	if (sign)
+		annotate = 1;
+	if (argc == 0 && !(delete || verify))
+		list = 1;
+
+	if ((annotate || msg.given || msgfile || force) &&
+	    (list || delete || verify))
+		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
+
+	if (list + delete + verify > 1)
+		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
+	if (list)
+		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
+				 with_commit);
+	if (lines != -1)
+		die("-n option is only allowed with -l.");
+	if (with_commit)
+		die("--contains option is only allowed with -l.");
+	if (delete)
+		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
+	if (verify)
+		return for_each_tag_name(argv, verify_tag);
+
+	if (msg.given || msgfile) {
+		if (msg.given && msgfile)
+			die("only one -F or -m option is allowed.");
+		annotate = 1;
+		if (msg.given)
+			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &(msg.buf));
+		else {
+			if (!strcmp(msgfile, "-")) {
+				if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
+					die_errno("cannot read '%s'", msgfile);
+			} else {
+				if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, msgfile, 1024) < 0)
+					die_errno("could not open or read '%s'",
+						msgfile);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	tag = argv[0];
+
+	object_ref = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
+	if (argc > 2)
+		die("too many params");
+
+	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
+		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+
+	if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", tag) > sizeof(ref) - 1)
+		die("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, tag);
+	if (check_ref_format(ref))
+		die("'%s' is not a valid tag name.", tag);
+
+	if (!resolve_ref(ref, prev, 1, NULL))
+		hashclr(prev);
+	else if (!force)
+		die("tag '%s' already exists", tag);
+
+	if (annotate)
+		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, msg.given || msgfile,
+			   sign, prev, object);
+
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, prev, 0);
+	if (!lock)
+		die("%s: cannot lock the ref", ref);
+	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, object, NULL) < 0)
+		die("%s: cannot update the ref", ref);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-tar-tree.c b/builtin-tar-tree.c
index b04719ef20..8b3a35e12d 100644
--- a/builtin-tar-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-tar-tree.c
@@ -8,27 +8,27 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 
 static const char tar_tree_usage[] =
-"git-tar-tree [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [basedir]\n"
-"*** Note that this command is now deprecated; use git-archive instead.";
+"git tar-tree [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [basedir]\n"
+"*** Note that this command is now deprecated; use \"git archive\" instead.";
 
 int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	/*
-	 * git-tar-tree is now a wrapper around git-archive --format=tar
+	 * "git tar-tree" is now a wrapper around "git archive --format=tar"
 	 *
 	 * $0 --remote=<repo> arg... ==>
-	 *	git-archive --format=tar --remote=<repo> arg...
+	 *	git archive --format=tar --remote=<repo> arg...
 	 * $0 tree-ish ==>
-	 *	git-archive --format=tar tree-ish
+	 *	git archive --format=tar tree-ish
 	 * $0 tree-ish basedir ==>
-	 * 	git-archive --format-tar --prefix=basedir tree-ish
+	 * 	git archive --format-tar --prefix=basedir tree-ish
 	 */
 	int i;
-	const char **nargv = xcalloc(sizeof(*nargv), argc + 2);
+	const char **nargv = xcalloc(sizeof(*nargv), argc + 3);
 	char *basedir_arg;
 	int nargc = 0;
 
-	nargv[nargc++] = "git-archive";
+	nargv[nargc++] = "archive";
 	nargv[nargc++] = "--format=tar";
 
 	if (2 <= argc && !prefixcmp(argv[1], "--remote=")) {
@@ -36,6 +36,13 @@ int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		argv++;
 		argc--;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Because it's just a compatibility wrapper, tar-tree supports only
+	 * the old behaviour of reading attributes from the work tree.
+	 */
+	nargv[nargc++] = "--worktree-attributes";
+
 	switch (argc) {
 	default:
 		usage(tar_tree_usage);
@@ -53,8 +60,8 @@ int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	nargv[nargc] = NULL;
 
 	fprintf(stderr,
-		"*** git-tar-tree is now deprecated.\n"
-		"*** Running git-archive instead.\n***");
+		"*** \"git tar-tree\" is now deprecated.\n"
+		"*** Running \"git archive\" instead.\n***");
 	for (i = 0; i < nargc; i++) {
 		fputc(' ', stderr);
 		sq_quote_print(stderr, nargv[i]);
@@ -76,7 +83,7 @@ int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	n = read_in_full(0, buffer, HEADERSIZE);
 	if (n < HEADERSIZE)
-		die("git-get-tar-commit-id: read error");
+		die("git get-tar-commit-id: read error");
 	if (header->typeflag[0] != 'g')
 		return 1;
 	if (memcmp(content, "52 comment=", 11))
@@ -84,7 +91,7 @@ int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	n = write_in_full(1, content + 11, 41);
 	if (n < 41)
-		die("git-get-tar-commit-id: write error");
+		die_errno("git get-tar-commit-id: write error");
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-unpack-objects.c b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
index 3956c56334..557148a693 100644
--- a/builtin-unpack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
@@ -7,14 +7,46 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+#include "fsck.h"
 
-static int dry_run, quiet, recover, has_errors;
-static const char unpack_usage[] = "git-unpack-objects [-n] [-q] [-r] < pack-file";
+static int dry_run, quiet, recover, has_errors, strict;
+static const char unpack_usage[] = "git unpack-objects [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict] < pack-file";
 
 /* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
 static unsigned char buffer[4096];
-static unsigned long offset, len, consumed_bytes;
-static SHA_CTX ctx;
+static unsigned int offset, len;
+static off_t consumed_bytes;
+static git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+
+/*
+ * When running under --strict mode, objects whose reachability are
+ * suspect are kept in core without getting written in the object
+ * store.
+ */
+struct obj_buffer {
+	char *buffer;
+	unsigned long size;
+};
+
+static struct decoration obj_decorate;
+
+static struct obj_buffer *lookup_object_buffer(struct object *base)
+{
+	return lookup_decoration(&obj_decorate, base);
+}
+
+static void add_object_buffer(struct object *object, char *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct obj_buffer *obj;
+	obj = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct obj_buffer));
+	obj->buffer = buffer;
+	obj->size = size;
+	if (add_decoration(&obj_decorate, object, obj))
+		die("object %s tried to add buffer twice!", sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+}
 
 /*
  * Make sure at least "min" bytes are available in the buffer, and
@@ -27,16 +59,16 @@ static void *fill(int min)
 	if (min > sizeof(buffer))
 		die("cannot fill %d bytes", min);
 	if (offset) {
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
 		memmove(buffer, buffer + offset, len);
 		offset = 0;
 	}
 	do {
-		int ret = xread(0, buffer + len, sizeof(buffer) - len);
+		ssize_t ret = xread(0, buffer + len, sizeof(buffer) - len);
 		if (ret <= 0) {
 			if (!ret)
 				die("early EOF");
-			die("read error on input: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("read error on input");
 		}
 		len += ret;
 	} while (len < min);
@@ -49,6 +81,10 @@ static void use(int bytes)
 		die("used more bytes than were available");
 	len -= bytes;
 	offset += bytes;
+
+	/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
+	if (consumed_bytes > consumed_bytes + bytes)
+		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
 	consumed_bytes += bytes;
 }
 
@@ -63,10 +99,10 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 	stream.next_in = fill(1);
 	stream.avail_in = len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int ret = inflate(&stream, 0);
+		int ret = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(len - stream.avail_in);
 		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
@@ -82,23 +118,23 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 		stream.next_in = fill(1);
 		stream.avail_in = len;
 	}
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return buf;
 }
 
 struct delta_info {
 	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
-	unsigned long base_offset;
+	unsigned nr;
+	off_t base_offset;
 	unsigned long size;
 	void *delta;
-	unsigned nr;
 	struct delta_info *next;
 };
 
 static struct delta_info *delta_list;
 
 static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, unsigned const char *base_sha1,
-			      unsigned long base_offset,
+			      off_t base_offset,
 			      void *delta, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct delta_info *info = xmalloc(sizeof(*info));
@@ -113,21 +149,112 @@ static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, unsigned const char *base_sha1,
 }
 
 struct obj_info {
-	unsigned long offset;
+	off_t offset;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object *obj;
 };
 
+#define FLAG_OPEN (1u<<20)
+#define FLAG_WRITTEN (1u<<21)
+
 static struct obj_info *obj_list;
+static unsigned nr_objects;
+
+/*
+ * Called only from check_object() after it verified this object
+ * is Ok.
+ */
+static void write_cached_object(struct object *obj)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct obj_buffer *obj_buf = lookup_object_buffer(obj);
+	if (write_sha1_file(obj_buf->buffer, obj_buf->size, typename(obj->type), sha1) < 0)
+		die("failed to write object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+	obj->flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
+}
+
+/*
+ * At the very end of the processing, write_rest() scans the objects
+ * that have reachability requirements and calls this function.
+ * Verify its reachability and validity recursively and write it out.
+ */
+static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+{
+	if (!obj)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (obj->flags & FLAG_WRITTEN)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
+		die("object type mismatch");
+
+	if (!(obj->flags & FLAG_OPEN)) {
+		unsigned long size;
+		int type = sha1_object_info(obj->sha1, &size);
+		if (type != obj->type || type <= 0)
+			die("object of unexpected type");
+		obj->flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (fsck_object(obj, 1, fsck_error_function))
+		die("Error in object");
+	if (!fsck_walk(obj, check_object, NULL))
+		die("Error on reachable objects of %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+	write_cached_object(obj);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void write_rest(void)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
+		check_object(obj_list[i].obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+}
 
 static void added_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 			 void *data, unsigned long size);
 
+/*
+ * Write out nr-th object from the list, now we know the contents
+ * of it.  Under --strict, this buffers structured objects in-core,
+ * to be checked at the end.
+ */
 static void write_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 			 void *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
-		die("failed to write object");
-	added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
+	if (!strict) {
+		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
+			die("failed to write object");
+		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
+		free(buf);
+		obj_list[nr].obj = NULL;
+	} else if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
+		struct blob *blob;
+		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
+			die("failed to write object");
+		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
+		free(buf);
+
+		blob = lookup_blob(obj_list[nr].sha1);
+		if (blob)
+			blob->object.flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
+		else
+			die("invalid blob object");
+		obj_list[nr].obj = NULL;
+	} else {
+		struct object *obj;
+		int eaten;
+		hash_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1);
+		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
+		obj = parse_object_buffer(obj_list[nr].sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+		if (!obj)
+			die("invalid %s", typename(type));
+		add_object_buffer(obj, buf, size);
+		obj->flags |= FLAG_OPEN;
+		obj_list[nr].obj = obj;
+	}
 }
 
 static void resolve_delta(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
@@ -144,9 +271,12 @@ static void resolve_delta(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 		die("failed to apply delta");
 	free(delta);
 	write_object(nr, type, result, result_size);
-	free(result);
 }
 
+/*
+ * We now know the contents of an object (which is nr-th in the pack);
+ * resolve all the deltified objects that are based on it.
+ */
 static void added_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 			 void *data, unsigned long size)
 {
@@ -174,7 +304,24 @@ static void unpack_non_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long size,
 
 	if (!dry_run && buf)
 		write_object(nr, type, buf, size);
-	free(buf);
+	else
+		free(buf);
+}
+
+static int resolve_against_held(unsigned nr, const unsigned char *base,
+				void *delta_data, unsigned long delta_size)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	struct obj_buffer *obj_buffer;
+	obj = lookup_object(base);
+	if (!obj)
+		return 0;
+	obj_buffer = lookup_object_buffer(obj);
+	if (!obj_buffer)
+		return 0;
+	resolve_delta(nr, obj->type, obj_buffer->buffer,
+		      obj_buffer->size, delta_data, delta_size);
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
@@ -192,7 +339,13 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 			free(delta_data);
 			return;
 		}
-		if (!has_sha1_file(base_sha1)) {
+		if (has_sha1_file(base_sha1))
+			; /* Ok we have this one */
+		else if (resolve_against_held(nr, base_sha1,
+					      delta_data, delta_size))
+			return; /* we are done */
+		else {
+			/* cannot resolve yet --- queue it */
 			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
 			add_delta_to_list(nr, base_sha1, 0, delta_data, delta_size);
 			return;
@@ -200,7 +353,7 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 	} else {
 		unsigned base_found = 0;
 		unsigned char *pack, c;
-		unsigned long base_offset;
+		off_t base_offset;
 		unsigned lo, mid, hi;
 
 		pack = fill(1);
@@ -209,7 +362,7 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 		base_offset = c & 127;
 		while (c & 128) {
 			base_offset += 1;
-			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
+			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
 				die("offset value overflow for delta base object");
 			pack = fill(1);
 			c = *pack;
@@ -217,6 +370,8 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
 		}
 		base_offset = obj_list[nr].offset - base_offset;
+		if (base_offset <= 0 || base_offset >= obj_list[nr].offset)
+			die("offset value out of bound for delta base object");
 
 		delta_data = get_data(delta_size);
 		if (dry_run || !delta_data) {
@@ -238,14 +393,19 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 			}
 		}
 		if (!base_found) {
-			/* The delta base object is itself a delta that
-			   has not been	resolved yet. */
+			/*
+			 * The delta base object is itself a delta that
+			 * has not been resolved yet.
+			 */
 			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
 			add_delta_to_list(nr, null_sha1, base_offset, delta_data, delta_size);
 			return;
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (resolve_against_held(nr, base_sha1, delta_data, delta_size))
+		return;
+
 	base = read_sha1_file(base_sha1, &type, &base_size);
 	if (!base) {
 		error("failed to read delta-pack base object %s",
@@ -259,11 +419,11 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 	free(base);
 }
 
-static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
+static void unpack_one(unsigned nr)
 {
 	unsigned shift;
-	unsigned char *pack, c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned char *pack;
+	unsigned long size, c;
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	obj_list[nr].offset = consumed_bytes;
@@ -281,20 +441,7 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
 	}
-	if (!quiet) {
-		static unsigned long last_sec;
-		static unsigned last_percent;
-		struct timeval now;
-		unsigned percentage = ((nr+1) * 100) / total;
-
-		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-		if (percentage != last_percent || now.tv_sec != last_sec) {
-			last_sec = now.tv_sec;
-			last_percent = percentage;
-			fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
-					percentage, (nr+1), total);
-		}
-	}
+
 	switch (type) {
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
@@ -318,19 +465,27 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 static void unpack_all(void)
 {
 	int i;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 	struct pack_header *hdr = fill(sizeof(struct pack_header));
-	unsigned nr_objects = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
+
+	nr_objects = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
 
 	if (ntohl(hdr->hdr_signature) != PACK_SIGNATURE)
 		die("bad pack file");
 	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr->hdr_version))
-		die("unknown pack file version %d", ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
-	fprintf(stderr, "Unpacking %d objects\n", nr_objects);
-
-	obj_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*obj_list));
+		die("unknown pack file version %"PRIu32,
+			ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
 	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		unpack_one(i, nr_objects);
+
+	if (!quiet)
+		progress = start_progress("Unpacking objects", nr_objects);
+	obj_list = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(*obj_list));
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		unpack_one(i);
+		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
+	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
+
 	if (delta_list)
 		die("unresolved deltas left after unpacking");
 }
@@ -340,7 +495,7 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	quiet = !isatty(2);
 
@@ -360,6 +515,10 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				recover = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
+				strict = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pack_header=")) {
 				struct pack_header *hdr;
 				char *c;
@@ -381,10 +540,12 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* We don't take any non-flag arguments now.. Maybe some day */
 		usage(unpack_usage);
 	}
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	unpack_all();
-	SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	if (strict)
+		write_rest();
 	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
 		die("final sha1 did not match");
 	use(20);
@@ -399,7 +560,5 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	/* All done */
-	if (!quiet)
-		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 	return has_errors;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-update-index.c b/builtin-update-index.c
index 47d42ed645..92beaaf4b3 100644
--- a/builtin-update-index.c
+++ b/builtin-update-index.c
@@ -4,17 +4,17 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 /*
  * Default to not allowing changes to the list of files. The
  * tool doesn't actually care, but this makes it harder to add
  * files to the revision control by mistake by doing something
- * like "git-update-index *" and suddenly having all the object
+ * like "git update-index *" and suddenly having all the object
  * files be revision controlled.
  */
 static int allow_add;
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ static int mark_valid(const char *path)
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		switch (mark_valid_only) {
 		case MARK_VALID:
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= htons(CE_VALID);
+			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
 			break;
 		case UNMARK_VALID:
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_VALID);
+			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
 			break;
 		}
 		cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
@@ -60,78 +60,157 @@ static int mark_valid(const char *path)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int process_file(const char *path)
+static int remove_one_path(const char *path)
 {
-	int size, namelen, option, status;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	struct stat st;
+	if (!allow_remove)
+		return error("%s: does not exist and --remove not passed", path);
+	if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
+		return error("%s: cannot remove from the index", path);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	status = lstat(path, &st);
+/*
+ * Handle a path that couldn't be lstat'ed. It's either:
+ *  - missing file (ENOENT or ENOTDIR). That's ok if we're
+ *    supposed to be removing it and the removal actually
+ *    succeeds.
+ *  - permission error. That's never ok.
+ */
+static int process_lstat_error(const char *path, int err)
+{
+	if (err == ENOENT || err == ENOTDIR)
+		return remove_one_path(path);
+	return error("lstat(\"%s\"): %s", path, strerror(errno));
+}
 
-	/* We probably want to do this in remove_file_from_cache() and
-	 * add_cache_entry() instead...
-	 */
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
+static int add_one_path(struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
+{
+	int option, size;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (status < 0 || S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-		/* When we used to have "path" and now we want to add
-		 * "path/file", we need a way to remove "path" before
-		 * being able to add "path/file".  However,
-		 * "git-update-index --remove path" would not work.
-		 * --force-remove can be used but this is more user
-		 * friendly, especially since we can do the opposite
-		 * case just fine without --force-remove.
-		 */
-		if (status == 0 || (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)) {
-			if (allow_remove) {
-				if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
-					return error("%s: cannot remove from the index",
-					             path);
-				else
-					return 0;
-			} else if (status < 0) {
-				return error("%s: does not exist and --remove not passed",
-				             path);
-			}
-		}
-		if (0 == status)
-			return error("%s: is a directory - add files inside instead",
-			             path);
-		else
-			return error("lstat(\"%s\"): %s", path,
-				     strerror(errno));
-	}
+	/* Was the old index entry already up-to-date? */
+	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ce_match_stat(old, st, 0))
+		return 0;
 
-	namelen = strlen(path);
-	size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
+	size = cache_entry_size(len);
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_flags = htons(namelen);
-	fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
-
-	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks)
-		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st.st_mode);
-	else {
-		/* If there is an existing entry, pick the mode bits and type
-		 * from it, otherwise assume unexecutable regular file.
-		 */
-		struct cache_entry *ent;
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
-
-		ent = (0 <= pos) ? active_cache[pos] : NULL;
-		ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ent, st.st_mode);
-	}
+	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
+	ce->ce_flags = len;
+	fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
+	ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(old, st->st_mode);
 
-	if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, &st, !info_only))
+	if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, st, !info_only))
 		return -1;
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option))
-		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?",
-			     path);
+		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?", path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Handle a path that was a directory. Four cases:
+ *
+ *  - it's already a gitlink in the index, and we keep it that
+ *    way, and update it if we can (if we cannot find the HEAD,
+ *    we're going to keep it unchanged in the index!)
+ *
+ *  - it's a *file* in the index, in which case it should be
+ *    removed as a file if removal is allowed, since it doesn't
+ *    exist as such any more. If removal isn't allowed, it's
+ *    an error.
+ *
+ *    (NOTE! This is old and arguably fairly strange behaviour.
+ *    We might want to make this an error unconditionally, and
+ *    use "--force-remove" if you actually want to force removal).
+ *
+ *  - it used to exist as a subdirectory (ie multiple files with
+ *    this particular prefix) in the index, in which case it's wrong
+ *    to try to update it as a directory.
+ *
+ *  - it doesn't exist at all in the index, but it is a valid
+ *    git directory, and it should be *added* as a gitlink.
+ */
+static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+
+	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
+	if (pos >= 0) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+
+			/* Do nothing to the index if there is no HEAD! */
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+				return 0;
+
+			return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
+		}
+		/* Should this be an unconditional error? */
+		return remove_one_path(path);
+	}
+
+	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */
+	pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos++];
+
+		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] > '/')
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] < '/')
+			continue;
+
+		/* Subdirectory match - error out */
+		return error("%s: is a directory - add individual files instead", path);
+	}
+
+	/* No match - should we add it as a gitlink? */
+	if (!resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1))
+		return add_one_path(NULL, path, len, st);
+
+	/* Error out. */
+	return error("%s: is a directory - add files inside instead", path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Process a regular file
+ */
+static int process_file(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
+{
+	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	struct cache_entry *ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : active_cache[pos];
+
+	if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+		return error("%s is already a gitlink, not replacing", path);
+
+	return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
+}
+
+static int process_path(const char *path)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
+		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
+
+	/*
+	 * First things first: get the stat information, to decide
+	 * what to do about the pathname!
+	 */
+	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+		return process_lstat_error(path, errno);
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+		return process_directory(path, len, &st);
+
+	return process_file(path, len, &st);
+}
+
 static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 			 const char *path, int stage)
 {
@@ -139,7 +218,7 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 	if (!verify_path(path))
-		return -1;
+		return error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
 
 	len = strlen(path);
 	size = cache_entry_size(len);
@@ -150,14 +229,13 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	if (assume_unchanged)
-		ce->ce_flags |= htons(CE_VALID);
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option))
 		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?",
 			     path);
 	report("add '%s'", path);
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -171,14 +249,14 @@ static void chmod_path(int flip, const char *path)
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = active_cache[pos];
-	mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
+	mode = ce->ce_mode;
 	if (!S_ISREG(mode))
 		goto fail;
 	switch (flip) {
 	case '+':
-		ce->ce_mode |= htonl(0111); break;
+		ce->ce_mode |= 0111; break;
 	case '-':
-		ce->ce_mode &= htonl(~0111); break;
+		ce->ce_mode &= ~0111; break;
 	default:
 		goto fail;
 	}
@@ -187,7 +265,7 @@ static void chmod_path(int flip, const char *path)
 	report("chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);
 	return;
  fail:
-	die("git-update-index: cannot chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);
+	die("git update-index: cannot chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);
 }
 
 static void update_one(const char *path, const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
@@ -202,56 +280,56 @@ static void update_one(const char *path, const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
 			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
 		goto free_return;
 	}
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 
 	if (force_remove) {
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(p))
-			die("git-update-index: unable to remove %s", path);
+			die("git update-index: unable to remove %s", path);
 		report("remove '%s'", path);
 		goto free_return;
 	}
-	if (process_file(p))
-		die("Unable to process file %s", path);
+	if (process_path(p))
+		die("Unable to process path %s", path);
 	report("add '%s'", path);
  free_return:
 	if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
-		free((char*)p);
+		free((char *)p);
 }
 
 static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf;
-	strbuf_init(&buf);
-	while (1) {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
 		char *ptr, *tab;
 		char *path_name;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		unsigned int mode;
+		unsigned long ul;
 		int stage;
 
 		/* This reads lines formatted in one of three formats:
 		 *
 		 * (1) mode         SP sha1          TAB path
-		 * The first format is what "git-apply --index-info"
+		 * The first format is what "git apply --index-info"
 		 * reports, and used to reconstruct a partial tree
 		 * that is used for phony merge base tree when falling
 		 * back on 3-way merge.
 		 *
 		 * (2) mode SP type SP sha1          TAB path
-		 * The second format is to stuff git-ls-tree output
+		 * The second format is to stuff "git ls-tree" output
 		 * into the index file.
 		 *
 		 * (3) mode         SP sha1 SP stage TAB path
 		 * This format is to put higher order stages into the
-		 * index file and matches git-ls-files --stage output.
+		 * index file and matches "git ls-files --stage" output.
 		 */
-		read_line(&buf, stdin, line_termination);
-		if (buf.eof)
-			break;
-
-		mode = strtoul(buf.buf, &ptr, 8);
-		if (ptr == buf.buf || *ptr != ' ')
+		errno = 0;
+		ul = strtoul(buf.buf, &ptr, 8);
+		if (ptr == buf.buf || *ptr != ' '
+		    || errno || (unsigned int) ul != ul)
 			goto bad_line;
+		mode = ul;
 
 		tab = strchr(ptr, '\t');
 		if (!tab || tab - ptr < 41)
@@ -270,23 +348,24 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 		if (get_sha1_hex(tab - 40, sha1) || tab[-41] != ' ')
 			goto bad_line;
 
-		if (line_termination && ptr[0] == '"')
-			path_name = unquote_c_style(ptr, NULL);
-		else
-			path_name = ptr;
+		path_name = ptr;
+		if (line_termination && path_name[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&uq);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&uq, path_name, NULL)) {
+				die("git update-index: bad quoting of path name");
+			}
+			path_name = uq.buf;
+		}
 
 		if (!verify_path(path_name)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring path %s\n", path_name);
-			if (path_name != ptr)
-				free(path_name);
 			continue;
 		}
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path_name);
 
 		if (!mode) {
 			/* mode == 0 means there is no such path -- remove */
 			if (remove_file_from_cache(path_name))
-				die("git-update-index: unable to remove %s",
+				die("git update-index: unable to remove %s",
 				    ptr);
 		}
 		else {
@@ -296,20 +375,20 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 			 */
 			ptr[-42] = ptr[-1] = 0;
 			if (add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, path_name, stage))
-				die("git-update-index: unable to update %s",
+				die("git update-index: unable to update %s",
 				    path_name);
 		}
-		if (path_name != ptr)
-			free(path_name);
 		continue;
 
 	bad_line:
 		die("malformed index info %s", buf.buf);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&uq);
 }
 
 static const char update_index_usage[] =
-"git-update-index [-q] [--add] [--replace] [--remove] [--unmerged] [--refresh] [--really-refresh] [--cacheinfo] [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--assume-unchanged] [--info-only] [--force-remove] [--stdin] [--index-info] [--unresolve] [--again | -g] [--ignore-missing] [-z] [--verbose] [--] <file>...";
+"git update-index [-q] [--add] [--replace] [--remove] [--unmerged] [--refresh] [--really-refresh] [--cacheinfo] [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--assume-unchanged] [--info-only] [--force-remove] [--stdin] [--index-info] [--unresolve] [--again | -g] [--ignore-missing] [-z] [--verbose] [--] <file>...";
 
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 static unsigned char merge_head_sha1[20];
@@ -388,7 +467,6 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		goto free_return;
 	}
 
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 	remove_file_from_cache(path);
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
 		error("%s: cannot add our version to the index.", path);
@@ -408,7 +486,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 static void read_head_pointers(void)
 {
 	if (read_ref("HEAD", head_sha1))
-		die("No HEAD -- no initial commit yet?\n");
+		die("No HEAD -- no initial commit yet?");
 	if (read_ref("MERGE_HEAD", merge_head_sha1)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Not in the middle of a merge.\n");
 		exit(0);
@@ -431,7 +509,7 @@ static int do_unresolve(int ac, const char **av,
 		const char *p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		err |= unresolve_one(p);
 		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -490,7 +568,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int lock_error = 0;
 	struct lock_file *lock_file;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	/* We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list parsed atexit() */
 	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
@@ -516,6 +594,10 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_QUIET;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(path, "--ignore-submodules")) {
+				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(path, "--add")) {
 				allow_add = 1;
 				continue;
@@ -533,10 +615,12 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(path, "--refresh")) {
+				setup_work_tree();
 				has_errors |= refresh_cache(refresh_flags);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(path, "--really-refresh")) {
+				setup_work_tree();
 				has_errors |= refresh_cache(REFRESH_REALLY | refresh_flags);
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -545,12 +629,12 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				unsigned int mode;
 
 				if (i+3 >= argc)
-					die("git-update-index: --cacheinfo <mode> <sha1> <path>");
+					die("git update-index: --cacheinfo <mode> <sha1> <path>");
 
-				if ((sscanf(argv[i+1], "%o", &mode) != 1) ||
+				if (strtoul_ui(argv[i+1], 8, &mode) ||
 				    get_sha1_hex(argv[i+2], sha1) ||
 				    add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, argv[i+3], 0))
-					die("git-update-index: --cacheinfo"
+					die("git update-index: --cacheinfo"
 					    " cannot add %s", argv[i+3]);
 				i += 3;
 				continue;
@@ -558,7 +642,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (!strcmp(path, "--chmod=-x") ||
 			    !strcmp(path, "--chmod=+x")) {
 				if (argc <= i+1)
-					die("git-update-index: %s <path>", path);
+					die("git update-index: %s <path>", path);
 				set_executable_bit = path[8];
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -603,6 +687,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				goto finish;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(path, "--again") || !strcmp(path, "-g")) {
+				setup_work_tree();
 				has_errors = do_reupdate(argc - i, argv + i,
 							 prefix, prefix_length);
 				if (has_errors)
@@ -621,35 +706,35 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				usage(update_index_usage);
 			die("unknown option %s", path);
 		}
+		setup_work_tree();
 		p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path);
 		update_one(p, NULL, 0);
 		if (set_executable_bit)
 			chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
 		if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
-		struct strbuf buf;
-		strbuf_init(&buf);
-		while (1) {
-			char *path_name;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		setup_work_tree();
+		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
 			const char *p;
-			read_line(&buf, stdin, line_termination);
-			if (buf.eof)
-				break;
-			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"')
-				path_name = unquote_c_style(buf.buf, NULL);
-			else
-				path_name = buf.buf;
-			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path_name);
+			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+				strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+				if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+					die("line is badly quoted");
+				strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+			}
+			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, buf.buf);
 			update_one(p, NULL, 0);
 			if (set_executable_bit)
 				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
-			if (p < path_name || p > path_name + strlen(path_name))
-				free((char*) p);
-			if (path_name != buf.buf)
-				free(path_name);
+			if (p < buf.buf || p > buf.buf + buf.len)
+				free((char *)p);
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
  finish:
@@ -657,11 +742,10 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (newfd < 0) {
 			if (refresh_flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
 				exit(128);
-			die("unable to create '%s.lock': %s",
-			    get_index_file(), strerror(lock_error));
+			unable_to_lock_index_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    close(newfd) || commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-update-ref.c b/builtin-update-ref.c
index 5ee960bf41..76ba1d5881 100644
--- a/builtin-update-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-update-ref.c
@@ -1,68 +1,58 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char git_update_ref_usage[] =
-"git-update-ref [-m <reason>] (-d <refname> <value> | <refname> <value> [<oldval>])";
+static const char * const git_update_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]",
+	"git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	const char *refname=NULL, *value=NULL, *oldval=NULL, *msg=NULL;
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	const char *refname, *oldval, *msg=NULL;
 	unsigned char sha1[20], oldsha1[20];
-	int i, delete;
-
-	delete = 0;
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp("-m", argv[i])) {
-			if (i+1 >= argc)
-				usage(git_update_ref_usage);
-			msg = argv[++i];
-			if (!*msg)
-				die("Refusing to perform update with empty message.");
-			if (strchr(msg, '\n'))
-				die("Refusing to perform update with \\n in message.");
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-d", argv[i])) {
-			delete = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!refname) {
-			refname = argv[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!value) {
-			value = argv[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!oldval) {
-			oldval = argv[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!refname || !value)
-		usage(git_update_ref_usage);
-
-	if (get_sha1(value, sha1))
-		die("%s: not a valid SHA1", value);
+	int delete = 0, no_deref = 0, flags = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING( 'm', NULL, &msg, "reason", "reason of the update"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "deletes the reference"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "no-deref", &no_deref,
+					"update <refname> not the one it points to"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_update_ref_usage,
+			     0);
+	if (msg && !*msg)
+		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message.");
 
 	if (delete) {
-		if (oldval)
-			usage(git_update_ref_usage);
-		return delete_ref(refname, sha1);
+		if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
+			usage_with_options(git_update_ref_usage, options);
+		refname = argv[0];
+		oldval = argv[1];
+	} else {
+		const char *value;
+		if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
+			usage_with_options(git_update_ref_usage, options);
+		refname = argv[0];
+		value = argv[1];
+		oldval = argv[2];
+		if (get_sha1(value, sha1))
+			die("%s: not a valid SHA1", value);
 	}
 
-	hashclr(oldsha1);
+	hashclr(oldsha1); /* all-zero hash in case oldval is the empty string */
 	if (oldval && *oldval && get_sha1(oldval, oldsha1))
 		die("%s: not a valid old SHA1", oldval);
 
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(refname, oldval ? oldsha1 : NULL);
-	if (!lock)
-		die("%s: cannot lock the ref", refname);
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
-		die("%s: cannot update the ref", refname);
-	return 0;
+	if (no_deref)
+		flags = REF_NODEREF;
+	if (delete)
+		return delete_ref(refname, oldval ? oldsha1 : NULL, flags);
+	else
+		return update_ref(msg, refname, sha1, oldval ? oldsha1 : NULL,
+				  flags, DIE_ON_ERR);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-upload-archive.c b/builtin-upload-archive.c
index 48ae09e9b5..c4cd1e1327 100644
--- a/builtin-upload-archive.c
+++ b/builtin-upload-archive.c
@@ -8,35 +8,34 @@
 #include "sideband.h"
 
 static const char upload_archive_usage[] =
-	"git-upload-archive <repo>";
+	"git upload-archive <repo>";
 
 static const char deadchild[] =
-"git-upload-archive: archiver died with error";
+"git upload-archive: archiver died with error";
 
 static const char lostchild[] =
-"git-upload-archive: archiver process was lost";
+"git upload-archive: archiver process was lost";
 
+#define MAX_ARGS (64)
 
 static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct archiver ar;
 	const char *sent_argv[MAX_ARGS];
 	const char *arg_cmd = "argument ";
 	char *p, buf[4096];
-	int treeish_idx;
 	int sent_argc;
 	int len;
 
 	if (argc != 2)
 		usage(upload_archive_usage);
 
-	if (strlen(argv[1]) > sizeof(buf))
+	if (strlen(argv[1]) + 1 > sizeof(buf))
 		die("insanely long repository name");
 
 	strcpy(buf, argv[1]); /* enter-repo smudges its argument */
 
 	if (!enter_repo(buf, 0))
-		die("not a git archive");
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", buf);
 
 	/* put received options in sent_argv[] */
 	sent_argc = 1;
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (len == 0)
 			break;	/* got a flush */
 		if (sent_argc > MAX_ARGS - 2)
-			die("Too many options (>29)");
+			die("Too many options (>%d)", MAX_ARGS - 2);
 
 		if (p[len-1] == '\n') {
 			p[--len] = 0;
@@ -65,12 +64,7 @@ static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	sent_argv[sent_argc] = NULL;
 
 	/* parse all options sent by the client */
-	treeish_idx = parse_archive_args(sent_argc, sent_argv, &ar);
-
-	parse_treeish_arg(sent_argv + treeish_idx, &ar.args, prefix);
-	parse_pathspec_arg(sent_argv + treeish_idx + 1, &ar.args);
-
-	return ar.write_archive(&ar.args);
+	return write_archive(sent_argc, sent_argv, prefix, 0);
 }
 
 static void error_clnt(const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -86,16 +80,17 @@ static void error_clnt(const char *fmt, ...)
 	die("sent error to the client: %s", buf);
 }
 
-static void process_input(int child_fd, int band)
+static ssize_t process_input(int child_fd, int band)
 {
 	char buf[16384];
 	ssize_t sz = read(child_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (sz < 0) {
 		if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
 			error_clnt("read error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-		return;
+		return sz;
 	}
 	send_sideband(1, band, buf, sz, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+	return sz;
 }
 
 int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -137,6 +132,7 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	while (1) {
 		struct pollfd pfd[2];
+		ssize_t processed[2] = { 0, 0 };
 		int status;
 
 		pfd[0].fd = fd1[0];
@@ -153,12 +149,12 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN)
 			/* Data stream ready */
-			process_input(pfd[0].fd, 1);
+			processed[0] = process_input(pfd[0].fd, 1);
 		if (pfd[1].revents & POLLIN)
 			/* Status stream ready */
-			process_input(pfd[1].fd, 2);
+			processed[1] = process_input(pfd[1].fd, 2);
 		/* Always finish to read data when available */
-		if ((pfd[0].revents | pfd[1].revents) & POLLIN)
+		if (processed[0] || processed[1])
 			continue;
 
 		if (waitpid(writer, &status, 0) < 0)
diff --git a/builtin-verify-pack.c b/builtin-verify-pack.c
index 4e31c273f4..0ee0a9af60 100644
--- a/builtin-verify-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-verify-pack.c
@@ -1,6 +1,58 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+
+#define MAX_CHAIN 50
+
+static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	uint32_t nr_objects, i, chain_histogram[MAX_CHAIN+1];
+
+	nr_objects = p->num_objects;
+	memset(chain_histogram, 0, sizeof(chain_histogram));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+		const char *type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		unsigned long store_size;
+		off_t offset;
+		unsigned int delta_chain_length;
+
+		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+		if (!sha1)
+			die("internal error pack-check nth-packed-object");
+		offset = nth_packed_object_offset(p, i);
+		type = packed_object_info_detail(p, offset, &size, &store_size,
+						 &delta_chain_length,
+						 base_sha1);
+		printf("%s ", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (!delta_chain_length)
+			printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+			       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset);
+		else {
+			printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX" %u %s\n",
+			       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset,
+			       delta_chain_length, sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+			if (delta_chain_length <= MAX_CHAIN)
+				chain_histogram[delta_chain_length]++;
+			else
+				chain_histogram[0]++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i <= MAX_CHAIN; i++) {
+		if (!chain_histogram[i])
+			continue;
+		printf("chain length = %"PRIu32": %"PRIu32" object%s\n", i,
+		       chain_histogram[i], chain_histogram[i] > 1 ? "s" : "");
+	}
+	if (chain_histogram[0])
+		printf("chain length > %d: %"PRIu32" object%s\n", MAX_CHAIN,
+		       chain_histogram[0], chain_histogram[0] > 1 ? "s" : "");
+}
 
 static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, int verbose)
 {
@@ -40,13 +92,22 @@ static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, int verbose)
 	if (!pack)
 		return error("packfile %s not found.", arg);
 
-	err = verify_pack(pack, verbose);
-	free(pack);
+	install_packed_git(pack);
+	err = verify_pack(pack);
+
+	if (verbose) {
+		if (err)
+			printf("%s: bad\n", pack->pack_name);
+		else {
+			show_pack_info(pack);
+			printf("%s: ok\n", pack->pack_name);
+		}
+	}
 
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const char verify_pack_usage[] = "git-verify-pack [-v] <pack>...";
+static const char verify_pack_usage[] = "git verify-pack [-v] <pack>...";
 
 int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -55,7 +116,7 @@ int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int no_more_options = 0;
 	int nothing_done = 1;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	while (1 < argc) {
 		if (!no_more_options && argv[1][0] == '-') {
 			if (!strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
@@ -68,6 +129,7 @@ int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else {
 			if (verify_one_pack(argv[1], verbose))
 				err = 1;
+			discard_revindex();
 			nothing_done = 0;
 		}
 		argc--; argv++;
diff --git a/builtin-verify-tag.c b/builtin-verify-tag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f7fda42f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-verify-tag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git verify-tag"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Carlos Rica <jasampler@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * Based on git-verify-tag.sh
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include <signal.h>
+
+static const char builtin_verify_tag_usage[] =
+		"git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>...";
+
+#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
+
+static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
+{
+	struct child_process gpg;
+	const char *args_gpg[] = {"gpg", "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
+	char path[PATH_MAX], *eol;
+	size_t len;
+	int fd, ret;
+
+	fd = git_mkstemp(path, PATH_MAX, ".git_vtag_tmpXXXXXX");
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return error("could not create temporary file '%s': %s",
+						path, strerror(errno));
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, size) < 0)
+		return error("failed writing temporary file '%s': %s",
+						path, strerror(errno));
+	close(fd);
+
+	/* find the length without signature */
+	len = 0;
+	while (len < size && prefixcmp(buf + len, PGP_SIGNATURE)) {
+		eol = memchr(buf + len, '\n', size - len);
+		len += eol ? eol - (buf + len) + 1 : size - len;
+	}
+	if (verbose)
+		write_in_full(1, buf, len);
+
+	memset(&gpg, 0, sizeof(gpg));
+	gpg.argv = args_gpg;
+	gpg.in = -1;
+	args_gpg[2] = path;
+	if (start_command(&gpg)) {
+		unlink(path);
+		return error("could not run gpg.");
+	}
+
+	write_in_full(gpg.in, buf, len);
+	close(gpg.in);
+	ret = finish_command(&gpg);
+
+	unlink_or_warn(path);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int verify_tag(const char *name, int verbose)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+		return error("tag '%s' not found.", name);
+
+	type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (type != OBJ_TAG)
+		return error("%s: cannot verify a non-tag object of type %s.",
+				name, typename(type));
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error("%s: unable to read file.", name);
+
+	ret = run_gpg_verify(buf, size, verbose);
+
+	free(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	if (argc > 1 &&
+	    (!strcmp(argv[i], "-v") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose"))) {
+		verbose = 1;
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	if (argc <= i)
+		usage(builtin_verify_tag_usage);
+
+	/* sometimes the program was terminated because this signal
+	 * was received in the process of writing the gpg input: */
+	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+	while (i < argc)
+		if (verify_tag(argv[i++], verbose))
+			had_error = 1;
+	return had_error;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-write-tree.c b/builtin-write-tree.c
index c88bbd1b9b..3a24ce8157 100644
--- a/builtin-write-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-write-tree.c
@@ -9,69 +9,28 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 
 static const char write_tree_usage[] =
-"git-write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]";
-
-int write_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int missing_ok, const char *prefix)
-{
-	int entries, was_valid, newfd;
-
-	/* We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list parsed atexit() */
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-
-	entries = read_cache();
-	if (entries < 0)
-		die("git-write-tree: error reading cache");
-
-	if (!active_cache_tree)
-		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
-
-	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree);
-
-	if (!was_valid) {
-		if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
-				      active_cache, active_nr,
-				      missing_ok, 0) < 0)
-			die("git-write-tree: error building trees");
-		if (0 <= newfd) {
-			if (!write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr)
-					&& !close(newfd))
-				commit_lock_file(lock_file);
-		}
-		/* Not being able to write is fine -- we are only interested
-		 * in updating the cache-tree part, and if the next caller
-		 * ends up using the old index with unupdated cache-tree part
-		 * it misses the work we did here, but that is just a
-		 * performance penalty and not a big deal.
-		 */
-	}
-
-	if (prefix) {
-		struct cache_tree *subtree =
-			cache_tree_find(active_cache_tree, prefix);
-		hashcpy(sha1, subtree->sha1);
-	}
-	else
-		hashcpy(sha1, active_cache_tree->sha1);
-
-	rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
-
-	return 0;
-}
+"git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]";
 
 int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
-	int missing_ok = 0, ret;
+	int flags = 0, ret;
 	const char *prefix = NULL;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char *me = "git-write-tree";
 
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	while (1 < argc) {
 		const char *arg = argv[1];
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--missing-ok"))
-			missing_ok = 1;
+			flags |= WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK;
 		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--prefix="))
 			prefix = arg + 9;
+		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--ignore-cache-tree"))
+			/*
+			 * This is only useful for debugging, so I
+			 * do not bother documenting it.
+			 */
+			flags |= WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE;
 		else
 			usage(write_tree_usage);
 		argc--; argv++;
@@ -80,8 +39,20 @@ int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	if (argc > 2)
 		die("too many options");
 
-	ret = write_tree(sha1, missing_ok, prefix);
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
+	ret = write_cache_as_tree(sha1, flags, prefix);
+	switch (ret) {
+	case 0:
+		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		break;
+	case WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX:
+		die("%s: error reading the index", me);
+		break;
+	case WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX:
+		die("%s: error building trees", me);
+		break;
+	case WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR:
+		die("%s: prefix %s not found", me, prefix);
+		break;
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index af203e9e36..20427d2963 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -2,29 +2,43 @@
 #define BUILTIN_H
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
 
 extern const char git_version_string[];
 extern const char git_usage_string[];
+extern const char git_more_info_string[];
 
-extern void help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd);
-extern int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding, const char *msg, const char *patch);
-extern int split_mbox(const char **mbox, const char *dir, int allow_bare, int nr_prec, int skip);
-extern void stripspace(FILE *in, FILE *out);
-extern int write_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int missing_ok, const char *prefix);
+extern void list_common_cmds_help(void);
+extern const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd);
 extern void prune_packed_objects(int);
+extern int read_line_with_nul(char *buf, int size, FILE *file);
+extern int fmt_merge_msg(int merge_summary, struct strbuf *in,
+	struct strbuf *out);
+extern int commit_tree(const char *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+		const char *author);
+extern int check_pager_config(const char *cmd);
 
 extern int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_check_ref_format(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -32,6 +46,9 @@ extern int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -41,15 +58,21 @@ extern int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_log_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_merge_ours(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_mktree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -58,25 +81,31 @@ extern int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_runstatus(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_tar(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4b2aa9c4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "bundle.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+static const char bundle_signature[] = "# v2 git bundle\n";
+
+static void add_to_ref_list(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name,
+		struct ref_list *list)
+{
+	if (list->nr + 1 >= list->alloc) {
+		list->alloc = alloc_nr(list->nr + 1);
+		list->list = xrealloc(list->list,
+				list->alloc * sizeof(list->list[0]));
+	}
+	memcpy(list->list[list->nr].sha1, sha1, 20);
+	list->list[list->nr].name = xstrdup(name);
+	list->nr++;
+}
+
+/* returns an fd */
+int read_bundle_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header)
+{
+	char buffer[1024];
+	int fd;
+	long fpos;
+	FILE *ffd = fopen(path, "rb");
+
+	if (!ffd)
+		return error("could not open '%s'", path);
+	if (!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ffd) ||
+			strcmp(buffer, bundle_signature)) {
+		fclose(ffd);
+		return error("'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file", path);
+	}
+	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ffd)
+			&& buffer[0] != '\n') {
+		int is_prereq = buffer[0] == '-';
+		int offset = is_prereq ? 1 : 0;
+		int len = strlen(buffer);
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct ref_list *list = is_prereq ? &header->prerequisites
+			: &header->references;
+		char delim;
+
+		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
+			buffer[len - 1] = '\0';
+		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer + offset, sha1)) {
+			warning("unrecognized header: %s", buffer);
+			continue;
+		}
+		delim = buffer[40 + offset];
+		if (!isspace(delim) && (delim != '\0' || !is_prereq))
+			die ("invalid header: %s", buffer);
+		add_to_ref_list(sha1, isspace(delim) ?
+				buffer + 41 + offset : "", list);
+	}
+	fpos = ftell(ffd);
+	fclose(ffd);
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return error("could not open '%s'", path);
+	lseek(fd, fpos, SEEK_SET);
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int list_refs(struct ref_list *r, int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
+		if (argc > 1) {
+			int j;
+			for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
+				if (!strcmp(r->list[i].name, argv[j]))
+					break;
+			if (j == argc)
+				continue;
+		}
+		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(r->list[i].sha1),
+				r->list[i].name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define PREREQ_MARK (1u<<16)
+
+int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Do fast check, then if any prereqs are missing then go line by line
+	 * to be verbose about the errors
+	 */
+	struct ref_list *p = &header->prerequisites;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all", NULL};
+	struct object_array refs;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int i, ret = 0, req_nr;
+	const char *message = "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:";
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_list_entry *e = p->list + i;
+		struct object *o = parse_object(e->sha1);
+		if (o) {
+			o->flags |= PREREQ_MARK;
+			add_pending_object(&revs, o, e->name);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (++ret == 1)
+			error("%s", message);
+		error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(e->sha1), e->name);
+	}
+	if (revs.pending.nr != p->nr)
+		return ret;
+	req_nr = revs.pending.nr;
+	setup_revisions(2, argv, &revs, NULL);
+
+	memset(&refs, 0, sizeof(struct object_array));
+	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object_array_entry *e = revs.pending.objects + i;
+		add_object_array(e->item, e->name, &refs);
+	}
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	i = req_nr;
+	while (i && (commit = get_revision(&revs)))
+		if (commit->object.flags & PREREQ_MARK)
+			i--;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < req_nr; i++)
+		if (!(refs.objects[i].item->flags & SHOWN)) {
+			if (++ret == 1)
+				error("%s", message);
+			error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(refs.objects[i].item->sha1),
+				refs.objects[i].name);
+		}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < refs.nr; i++)
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)refs.objects[i].item, -1);
+
+	if (verbose) {
+		struct ref_list *r;
+
+		r = &header->references;
+		printf("The bundle contains %d ref%s\n",
+		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
+		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
+		r = &header->prerequisites;
+		printf("The bundle requires these %d ref%s\n",
+		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
+		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int list_bundle_refs(struct bundle_header *header, int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	return list_refs(&header->references, argc, argv);
+}
+
+static int is_tag_in_date_range(struct object *tag, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf, *line, *lineend;
+	unsigned long date;
+
+	if (revs->max_age == -1 && revs->min_age == -1)
+		return 1;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return 1;
+	line = memmem(buf, size, "\ntagger ", 8);
+	if (!line++)
+		return 1;
+	lineend = memchr(line, buf + size - line, '\n');
+	line = memchr(line, lineend ? lineend - line : buf + size - line, '>');
+	if (!line++)
+		return 1;
+	date = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
+	free(buf);
+	return (revs->max_age == -1 || revs->max_age < date) &&
+		(revs->min_age == -1 || revs->min_age > date);
+}
+
+int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
+		int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	static struct lock_file lock;
+	int bundle_fd = -1;
+	int bundle_to_stdout;
+	const char **argv_boundary = xmalloc((argc + 4) * sizeof(const char *));
+	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(5 * sizeof(const char *));
+	int i, ref_count = 0;
+	char buffer[1024];
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	int read_from_stdin = 0;
+	struct child_process rls;
+	FILE *rls_fout;
+
+	bundle_to_stdout = !strcmp(path, "-");
+	if (bundle_to_stdout)
+		bundle_fd = 1;
+	else
+		bundle_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, path,
+						      LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+
+	/* write signature */
+	write_or_die(bundle_fd, bundle_signature, strlen(bundle_signature));
+
+	/* init revs to list objects for pack-objects later */
+	save_commit_buffer = 0;
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+
+	/* write prerequisites */
+	memcpy(argv_boundary + 3, argv + 1, argc * sizeof(const char *));
+	argv_boundary[0] = "rev-list";
+	argv_boundary[1] = "--boundary";
+	argv_boundary[2] = "--pretty=oneline";
+	argv_boundary[argc + 2] = NULL;
+	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
+	rls.argv = argv_boundary;
+	rls.out = -1;
+	rls.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&rls))
+		return -1;
+	rls_fout = fdopen(rls.out, "r");
+	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), rls_fout)) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (buffer[0] == '-') {
+			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
+			if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer + 1, sha1)) {
+				struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
+				object->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+				add_pending_object(&revs, object, buffer);
+			}
+		} else if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1)) {
+			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
+			object->flags |= SHOWN;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(rls_fout);
+	if (finish_command(&rls))
+		return error("rev-list died");
+
+	/* write references */
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--stdin")) {
+			if (read_from_stdin++)
+				die("--stdin given twice?");
+			read_revisions_from_stdin(&revs);
+			continue;
+		}
+		return error("unrecognized argument: %s'", argv[i]);
+	}
+
+	object_array_remove_duplicates(&revs.pending);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object_array_entry *e = revs.pending.objects + i;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		char *ref;
+		const char *display_ref;
+		int flag;
+
+		if (e->item->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &ref) != 1)
+			continue;
+		if (!resolve_ref(e->name, sha1, 1, &flag))
+			flag = 0;
+		display_ref = (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) ? e->name : ref;
+
+		if (e->item->type == OBJ_TAG &&
+				!is_tag_in_date_range(e->item, &revs)) {
+			e->item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Make sure the refs we wrote out is correct; --max-count and
+		 * other limiting options could have prevented all the tips
+		 * from getting output.
+		 *
+		 * Non commit objects such as tags and blobs do not have
+		 * this issue as they are not affected by those extra
+		 * constraints.
+		 */
+		if (!(e->item->flags & SHOWN) && e->item->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+			warning("ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options",
+				e->name);
+			free(ref);
+			continue;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If you run "git bundle create bndl v1.0..v2.0", the
+		 * name of the positive ref is "v2.0" but that is the
+		 * commit that is referenced by the tag, and not the tag
+		 * itself.
+		 */
+		if (hashcmp(sha1, e->item->sha1)) {
+			/*
+			 * Is this the positive end of a range expressed
+			 * in terms of a tag (e.g. v2.0 from the range
+			 * "v1.0..v2.0")?
+			 */
+			struct commit *one = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+			struct object *obj;
+
+			if (e->item == &(one->object)) {
+				/*
+				 * Need to include e->name as an
+				 * independent ref to the pack-objects
+				 * input, so that the tag is included
+				 * in the output; otherwise we would
+				 * end up triggering "empty bundle"
+				 * error.
+				 */
+				obj = parse_object(sha1);
+				obj->flags |= SHOWN;
+				add_pending_object(&revs, obj, e->name);
+			}
+			free(ref);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		ref_count++;
+		write_or_die(bundle_fd, sha1_to_hex(e->item->sha1), 40);
+		write_or_die(bundle_fd, " ", 1);
+		write_or_die(bundle_fd, display_ref, strlen(display_ref));
+		write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
+		free(ref);
+	}
+	if (!ref_count)
+		die ("Refusing to create empty bundle.");
+
+	/* end header */
+	write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
+
+	/* write pack */
+	argv_pack[0] = "pack-objects";
+	argv_pack[1] = "--all-progress";
+	argv_pack[2] = "--stdout";
+	argv_pack[3] = "--thin";
+	argv_pack[4] = NULL;
+	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
+	rls.argv = argv_pack;
+	rls.in = -1;
+	rls.out = bundle_fd;
+	rls.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&rls))
+		return error("Could not spawn pack-objects");
+
+	/*
+	 * start_command closed bundle_fd if it was > 1
+	 * so set the lock fd to -1 so commit_lock_file()
+	 * won't fail trying to close it.
+	 */
+	lock.fd = -1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *object = revs.pending.objects[i].item;
+		if (object->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			write_or_die(rls.in, "^", 1);
+		write_or_die(rls.in, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1), 40);
+		write_or_die(rls.in, "\n", 1);
+	}
+	close(rls.in);
+	if (finish_command(&rls))
+		return error ("pack-objects died");
+	if (!bundle_to_stdout)
+		commit_lock_file(&lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd)
+{
+	const char *argv_index_pack[] = {"index-pack",
+		"--fix-thin", "--stdin", NULL};
+	struct child_process ip;
+
+	if (verify_bundle(header, 0))
+		return -1;
+	memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
+	ip.argv = argv_index_pack;
+	ip.in = bundle_fd;
+	ip.no_stdout = 1;
+	ip.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (run_command(&ip))
+		return error("index-pack died");
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/bundle.h b/bundle.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2aedd60d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bundle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#ifndef BUNDLE_H
+#define BUNDLE_H
+
+struct ref_list {
+	unsigned int nr, alloc;
+	struct ref_list_entry {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		char *name;
+	} *list;
+};
+
+struct bundle_header {
+	struct ref_list prerequisites;
+	struct ref_list references;
+};
+
+int read_bundle_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header);
+int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
+		int argc, const char **argv);
+int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose);
+int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd);
+int list_bundle_refs(struct bundle_header *header,
+		int argc, const char **argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index 9b73c8669a..d91743775d 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
@@ -155,13 +156,17 @@ static int verify_cache(struct cache_entry **cache,
 	funny = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)) {
 			if (10 < ++funny) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "...\n");
 				break;
 			}
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
-				ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+			if (ce_stage(ce))
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
+					ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+			else
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: not added yet\n",
+					ce->name);
 		}
 	}
 	if (funny)
@@ -235,8 +240,7 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 		      int missing_ok,
 		      int dryrun)
 {
-	unsigned long size, offset;
-	char *buffer;
+	struct strbuf buffer;
 	int i;
 
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count && has_sha1_file(it->sha1))
@@ -293,9 +297,7 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 	/*
 	 * Then write out the tree object for this level.
 	 */
-	size = 8192;
-	buffer = xmalloc(size);
-	offset = 0;
+	strbuf_init(&buffer, 8192);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
@@ -323,24 +325,19 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 		}
 		else {
 			sha1 = ce->sha1;
-			mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
+			mode = ce->ce_mode;
 			entlen = pathlen - baselen;
 		}
-		if (!missing_ok && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
-			return error("invalid object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (mode != S_IFGITLINK && !missing_ok && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
+			return error("invalid object %06o %s for '%.*s'",
+				mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1), entlen+baselen, path);
 
-		if (!ce->ce_mode)
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue; /* entry being removed */
 
-		if (size < offset + entlen + 100) {
-			size = alloc_nr(offset + entlen + 100);
-			buffer = xrealloc(buffer, size);
-		}
-		offset += sprintf(buffer + offset,
-				  "%o %.*s", mode, entlen, path + baselen);
-		buffer[offset++] = 0;
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)buffer + offset, sha1);
-		offset += 20;
+		strbuf_grow(&buffer, entlen + 100);
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%o %.*s%c", mode, entlen, path + baselen, '\0');
+		strbuf_add(&buffer, sha1, 20);
 
 #if DEBUG
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree update-one %o %.*s\n",
@@ -349,10 +346,13 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 	}
 
 	if (dryrun)
-		hash_sha1_file(buffer, offset, tree_type, it->sha1);
-	else
-		write_sha1_file(buffer, offset, tree_type, it->sha1);
-	free(buffer);
+		hash_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, it->sha1);
+	else if (write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, it->sha1)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buffer);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	it->entry_count = i;
 #if DEBUG
 	fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree update-one (%d ent, %d subtree) %s\n",
@@ -378,12 +378,8 @@ int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *it,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void *write_one(struct cache_tree *it,
-		       char *path,
-		       int pathlen,
-		       char *buffer,
-		       unsigned long *size,
-		       unsigned long *offset)
+static void write_one(struct strbuf *buffer, struct cache_tree *it,
+                      const char *path, int pathlen)
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -393,13 +389,9 @@ static void *write_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 	 * tree-sha1 (missing if invalid)
 	 * subtree_nr "cache-tree" entries for subtrees.
 	 */
-	if (*size < *offset + pathlen + 100) {
-		*size = alloc_nr(*offset + pathlen + 100);
-		buffer = xrealloc(buffer, *size);
-	}
-	*offset += sprintf(buffer + *offset, "%.*s%c%d %d\n",
-			   pathlen, path, 0,
-			   it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr);
+	strbuf_grow(buffer, pathlen + 100);
+	strbuf_add(buffer, path, pathlen);
+	strbuf_addf(buffer, "%c%d %d\n", 0, it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr);
 
 #if DEBUG
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count)
@@ -412,8 +404,7 @@ static void *write_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 #endif
 
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)buffer + *offset, it->sha1);
-		*offset += 20;
+		strbuf_add(buffer, it->sha1, 20);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < it->subtree_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_tree_sub *down = it->down[i];
@@ -423,21 +414,13 @@ static void *write_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 					     prev->name, prev->namelen) <= 0)
 				die("fatal - unsorted cache subtree");
 		}
-		buffer = write_one(down->cache_tree, down->name, down->namelen,
-				   buffer, size, offset);
+		write_one(buffer, down->cache_tree, down->name, down->namelen);
 	}
-	return buffer;
 }
 
-void *cache_tree_write(struct cache_tree *root, unsigned long *size_p)
+void cache_tree_write(struct strbuf *sb, struct cache_tree *root)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	unsigned long size = 8192;
-	char *buffer = xmalloc(size);
-
-	*size_p = 0;
-	path[0] = 0;
-	return write_one(root, path, 0, buffer, &size, size_p);
+	write_one(sb, root, "", 0);
 }
 
 static struct cache_tree *read_one(const char **buffer, unsigned long *size_p)
@@ -478,7 +461,7 @@ static struct cache_tree *read_one(const char **buffer, unsigned long *size_p)
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
 		if (size < 20)
 			goto free_return;
-		hashcpy(it->sha1, (unsigned char*)buf);
+		hashcpy(it->sha1, (const unsigned char*)buf);
 		buf += 20;
 		size -= 20;
 	}
@@ -530,8 +513,10 @@ struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	return read_one(&buffer, &size);
 }
 
-struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path)
+static struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path)
 {
+	if (!it)
+		return NULL;
 	while (*path) {
 		const char *slash;
 		struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
@@ -555,3 +540,127 @@ struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path)
 	}
 	return it;
 }
+
+int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int entries, was_valid, newfd;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+
+	/*
+	 * We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list
+	 * parsed atexit()
+	 */
+	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+
+	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+	entries = read_cache();
+	if (entries < 0)
+		return WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX;
+	if (flags & WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE)
+		cache_tree_free(&(active_cache_tree));
+
+	if (!active_cache_tree)
+		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+
+	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree);
+	if (!was_valid) {
+		int missing_ok = flags & WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK;
+
+		if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
+				      active_cache, active_nr,
+				      missing_ok, 0) < 0)
+			return WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX;
+		if (0 <= newfd) {
+			if (!write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) &&
+			    !commit_lock_file(lock_file))
+				newfd = -1;
+		}
+		/* Not being able to write is fine -- we are only interested
+		 * in updating the cache-tree part, and if the next caller
+		 * ends up using the old index with unupdated cache-tree part
+		 * it misses the work we did here, but that is just a
+		 * performance penalty and not a big deal.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		struct cache_tree *subtree =
+			cache_tree_find(active_cache_tree, prefix);
+		if (!subtree)
+			return WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR;
+		hashcpy(sha1, subtree->sha1);
+	}
+	else
+		hashcpy(sha1, active_cache_tree->sha1);
+
+	if (0 <= newfd)
+		rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+	int cnt;
+
+	hashcpy(it->sha1, tree->object.sha1);
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	cnt = 0;
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+		if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+			cnt++;
+		else {
+			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
+			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
+			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
+				parse_tree(subtree);
+			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
+			sub->cache_tree = cache_tree();
+			prime_cache_tree_rec(sub->cache_tree, subtree);
+			cnt += sub->cache_tree->entry_count;
+		}
+	}
+	it->entry_count = cnt;
+}
+
+void prime_cache_tree(struct cache_tree **it, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	cache_tree_free(it);
+	*it = cache_tree();
+	prime_cache_tree_rec(*it, tree);
+}
+
+/*
+ * find the cache_tree that corresponds to the current level without
+ * exploding the full path into textual form.  The root of the
+ * cache tree is given as "root", and our current level is "info".
+ * (1) When at root level, info->prev is NULL, so it is "root" itself.
+ * (2) Otherwise, find the cache_tree that corresponds to one level
+ *     above us, and find ourselves in there.
+ */
+static struct cache_tree *find_cache_tree_from_traversal(struct cache_tree *root,
+							 struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	struct cache_tree *our_parent;
+
+	if (!info->prev)
+		return root;
+	our_parent = find_cache_tree_from_traversal(root, info->prev);
+	return cache_tree_find(our_parent, info->name.path);
+}
+
+int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *root,
+				 struct name_entry *ent,
+				 struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	struct cache_tree *it;
+
+	it = find_cache_tree_from_traversal(root, info);
+	it = cache_tree_find(it, ent->path);
+	if (it && it->entry_count > 0 && !hashcmp(ent->sha1, it->sha1))
+		return it->entry_count;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cache-tree.h b/cache-tree.h
index 119407e3a1..3df641f593 100644
--- a/cache-tree.h
+++ b/cache-tree.h
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef CACHE_TREE_H
 #define CACHE_TREE_H
 
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+
 struct cache_tree;
 struct cache_tree_sub {
 	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
@@ -22,12 +25,24 @@ void cache_tree_free(struct cache_tree **);
 void cache_tree_invalidate_path(struct cache_tree *, const char *);
 struct cache_tree_sub *cache_tree_sub(struct cache_tree *, const char *);
 
-void *cache_tree_write(struct cache_tree *root, unsigned long *size_p);
+void cache_tree_write(struct strbuf *, struct cache_tree *root);
 struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
 int cache_tree_fully_valid(struct cache_tree *);
 int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *, struct cache_entry **, int, int, int);
 
-struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *, const char *);
+/* bitmasks to write_cache_as_tree flags */
+#define WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK 1
+#define WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE 2
+
+/* error return codes */
+#define WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX (-1)
+#define WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX (-2)
+#define WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR (-3)
+
+int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix);
+void prime_cache_tree(struct cache_tree **, struct tree *);
+
+extern int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *, struct name_entry *ent, struct traverse_info *info);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index eb57507b80..e6c7f3307d 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -2,14 +2,26 @@
 #define CACHE_H
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "hash.h"
 
 #include SHA1_HEADER
-#include <zlib.h>
+#ifndef git_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA_CTX	SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init	SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update	SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final	SHA1_Final
+#endif
 
-#if ZLIB_VERNUM < 0x1200
+#include <zlib.h>
+#if defined(NO_DEFLATE_BOUND) || ZLIB_VERNUM < 0x1200
 #define deflateBound(c,s)  ((s) + (((s) + 7) >> 3) + (((s) + 63) >> 6) + 11)
 #endif
 
+void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm);
+void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm);
+int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush);
+
 #if defined(DT_UNKNOWN) && !defined(NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT)
 #define DTYPE(de)	((de)->d_type)
 #else
@@ -24,6 +36,25 @@
 #define DTYPE(de)	DT_UNKNOWN
 #endif
 
+/* unknown mode (impossible combination S_IFIFO|S_IFCHR) */
+#define S_IFINVALID     0030000
+
+/*
+ * A "directory link" is a link to another git directory.
+ *
+ * The value 0160000 is not normally a valid mode, and
+ * also just happens to be S_IFDIR + S_IFLNK
+ *
+ * NOTE! We *really* shouldn't depend on the S_IFxxx macros
+ * always having the same values everywhere. We should use
+ * our internal git values for these things, and then we can
+ * translate that to the OS-specific value. It just so
+ * happens that everybody shares the same bit representation
+ * in the UNIX world (and apparently wider too..)
+ */
+#define S_IFGITLINK	0160000
+#define S_ISGITLINK(m)	(((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFGITLINK)
+
 /*
  * Intensive research over the course of many years has shown that
  * port 9418 is totally unused by anything else. Or
@@ -74,6 +105,40 @@ struct cache_time {
  * We save the fields in big-endian order to allow using the
  * index file over NFS transparently.
  */
+struct ondisk_cache_entry {
+	struct cache_time ctime;
+	struct cache_time mtime;
+	unsigned int dev;
+	unsigned int ino;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned int uid;
+	unsigned int gid;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned short flags;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+/*
+ * This struct is used when CE_EXTENDED bit is 1
+ * The struct must match ondisk_cache_entry exactly from
+ * ctime till flags
+ */
+struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
+	struct cache_time ctime;
+	struct cache_time mtime;
+	unsigned int dev;
+	unsigned int ino;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned int uid;
+	unsigned int gid;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned short flags;
+	unsigned short flags2;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
 struct cache_entry {
 	struct cache_time ce_ctime;
 	struct cache_time ce_mtime;
@@ -83,51 +148,194 @@ struct cache_entry {
 	unsigned int ce_uid;
 	unsigned int ce_gid;
 	unsigned int ce_size;
+	unsigned int ce_flags;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned short ce_flags;
+	struct cache_entry *next;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
 #define CE_NAMEMASK  (0x0fff)
 #define CE_STAGEMASK (0x3000)
-#define CE_UPDATE    (0x4000)
+#define CE_EXTENDED  (0x4000)
 #define CE_VALID     (0x8000)
 #define CE_STAGESHIFT 12
 
-#define create_ce_flags(len, stage) htons((len) | ((stage) << CE_STAGESHIFT))
-#define ce_namelen(ce) (CE_NAMEMASK & ntohs((ce)->ce_flags))
+/*
+ * Range 0xFFFF0000 in ce_flags is divided into
+ * two parts: in-memory flags and on-disk ones.
+ * Flags in CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS will get saved on-disk
+ * if you want to save a new flag, add it in
+ * CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS
+ *
+ * In-memory only flags
+ */
+#define CE_UPDATE    (0x10000)
+#define CE_REMOVE    (0x20000)
+#define CE_UPTODATE  (0x40000)
+#define CE_ADDED     (0x80000)
+
+#define CE_HASHED    (0x100000)
+#define CE_UNHASHED  (0x200000)
+
+/*
+ * Extended on-disk flags
+ */
+#define CE_INTENT_TO_ADD 0x20000000
+/* CE_EXTENDED2 is for future extension */
+#define CE_EXTENDED2 0x80000000
+
+#define CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS (CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+
+/*
+ * Safeguard to avoid saving wrong flags:
+ *  - CE_EXTENDED2 won't get saved until its semantic is known
+ *  - Bits in 0x0000FFFF have been saved in ce_flags already
+ *  - Bits in 0x003F0000 are currently in-memory flags
+ */
+#if CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS & 0x803FFFFF
+#error "CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS out of range"
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Copy the sha1 and stat state of a cache entry from one to
+ * another. But we never change the name, or the hash state!
+ */
+#define CE_STATE_MASK (CE_HASHED | CE_UNHASHED)
+static inline void copy_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *dst, struct cache_entry *src)
+{
+	unsigned int state = dst->ce_flags & CE_STATE_MASK;
+
+	/* Don't copy hash chain and name */
+	memcpy(dst, src, offsetof(struct cache_entry, next));
+
+	/* Restore the hash state */
+	dst->ce_flags = (dst->ce_flags & ~CE_STATE_MASK) | state;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned create_ce_flags(size_t len, unsigned stage)
+{
+	if (len >= CE_NAMEMASK)
+		len = CE_NAMEMASK;
+	return (len | (stage << CE_STAGESHIFT));
+}
+
+static inline size_t ce_namelen(const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	size_t len = ce->ce_flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
+	if (len < CE_NAMEMASK)
+		return len;
+	return strlen(ce->name + CE_NAMEMASK) + CE_NAMEMASK;
+}
+
 #define ce_size(ce) cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce))
-#define ce_stage(ce) ((CE_STAGEMASK & ntohs((ce)->ce_flags)) >> CE_STAGESHIFT)
+#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) (((ce)->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) ? \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(ce_namelen(ce)) : \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce)))
+#define ce_stage(ce) ((CE_STAGEMASK & (ce)->ce_flags) >> CE_STAGESHIFT)
+#define ce_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_UPTODATE)
+#define ce_mark_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags |= CE_UPTODATE)
 
 #define ce_permissions(mode) (((mode) & 0100) ? 0755 : 0644)
 static inline unsigned int create_ce_mode(unsigned int mode)
 {
 	if (S_ISLNK(mode))
-		return htonl(S_IFLNK);
-	return htonl(S_IFREG | ce_permissions(mode));
+		return S_IFLNK;
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+		return S_IFGITLINK;
+	return S_IFREG | ce_permissions(mode);
 }
 static inline unsigned int ce_mode_from_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, unsigned int mode)
 {
 	extern int trust_executable_bit, has_symlinks;
 	if (!has_symlinks && S_ISREG(mode) &&
-	    ce && S_ISLNK(ntohl(ce->ce_mode)))
+	    ce && S_ISLNK(ce->ce_mode))
 		return ce->ce_mode;
 	if (!trust_executable_bit && S_ISREG(mode)) {
-		if (ce && S_ISREG(ntohl(ce->ce_mode)))
+		if (ce && S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			return ce->ce_mode;
 		return create_ce_mode(0666);
 	}
 	return create_ce_mode(mode);
 }
+static inline int ce_to_dtype(const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	unsigned ce_mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
+	if (S_ISREG(ce_mode))
+		return DT_REG;
+	else if (S_ISDIR(ce_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(ce_mode))
+		return DT_DIR;
+	else if (S_ISLNK(ce_mode))
+		return DT_LNK;
+	else
+		return DT_UNKNOWN;
+}
 #define canon_mode(mode) \
 	(S_ISREG(mode) ? (S_IFREG | ce_permissions(mode)) : \
-	S_ISLNK(mode) ? S_IFLNK : S_IFDIR)
+	S_ISLNK(mode) ? S_IFLNK : S_ISDIR(mode) ? S_IFDIR : S_IFGITLINK)
+
+#define flexible_size(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
+#define cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(cache_entry,len)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry_extended,len)
+
+struct index_state {
+	struct cache_entry **cache;
+	unsigned int cache_nr, cache_alloc, cache_changed;
+	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
+	struct cache_time timestamp;
+	void *alloc;
+	unsigned name_hash_initialized : 1,
+		 initialized : 1;
+	struct hash_table name_hash;
+};
+
+extern struct index_state the_index;
+
+/* Name hashing */
+extern void add_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce);
+/*
+ * We don't actually *remove* it, we can just mark it invalid so that
+ * we won't find it in lookups.
+ *
+ * Not only would we have to search the lists (simple enough), but
+ * we'd also have to rehash other hash buckets in case this makes the
+ * hash bucket empty (common). So it's much better to just mark
+ * it.
+ */
+static inline void remove_name_hash(struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UNHASHED;
+}
 
-#define cache_entry_size(len) ((offsetof(struct cache_entry,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
 
-extern struct cache_entry **active_cache;
-extern unsigned int active_nr, active_alloc, active_cache_changed;
-extern struct cache_tree *active_cache_tree;
+#ifndef NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+#define active_cache (the_index.cache)
+#define active_nr (the_index.cache_nr)
+#define active_alloc (the_index.cache_alloc)
+#define active_cache_changed (the_index.cache_changed)
+#define active_cache_tree (the_index.cache_tree)
+
+#define read_cache() read_index(&the_index)
+#define read_cache_from(path) read_index_from(&the_index, (path))
+#define read_cache_preload(pathspec) read_index_preload(&the_index, (pathspec))
+#define is_cache_unborn() is_index_unborn(&the_index)
+#define read_cache_unmerged() read_index_unmerged(&the_index)
+#define write_cache(newfd, cache, entries) write_index(&the_index, (newfd))
+#define discard_cache() discard_index(&the_index)
+#define unmerged_cache() unmerged_index(&the_index)
+#define cache_name_pos(name, namelen) index_name_pos(&the_index,(name),(namelen))
+#define add_cache_entry(ce, option) add_index_entry(&the_index, (ce), (option))
+#define rename_cache_entry_at(pos, new_name) rename_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos), (new_name))
+#define remove_cache_entry_at(pos) remove_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos))
+#define remove_file_from_cache(path) remove_file_from_index(&the_index, (path))
+#define add_to_cache(path, st, flags) add_to_index(&the_index, (path), (st), (flags))
+#define add_file_to_cache(path, flags) add_file_to_index(&the_index, (path), (flags))
+#define refresh_cache(flags) refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL)
+#define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
+#define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
+#define cache_name_exists(name, namelen, igncase) index_name_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen), (igncase))
+#define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
+#endif
 
 enum object_type {
 	OBJ_BAD = -1,
@@ -139,31 +347,50 @@ enum object_type {
 	/* 5 for future expansion */
 	OBJ_OFS_DELTA = 6,
 	OBJ_REF_DELTA = 7,
+	OBJ_ANY,
 	OBJ_MAX,
 };
 
+static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
+{
+	return S_ISDIR(mode) ? OBJ_TREE :
+		S_ISGITLINK(mode) ? OBJ_COMMIT :
+		OBJ_BLOB;
+}
+
 #define GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DIR"
+#define GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_WORK_TREE"
 #define DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT ".git"
 #define DB_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY"
 #define INDEX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_INDEX_FILE"
 #define GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_GRAFT_FILE"
 #define TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR"
 #define CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CONFIG"
-#define CONFIG_LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL"
 #define EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_EXEC_PATH"
+#define CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES"
+#define GITATTRIBUTES_FILE ".gitattributes"
+#define INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE "info/attributes"
+#define ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX "[attr]"
 
 extern int is_bare_repository_cfg;
 extern int is_bare_repository(void);
 extern int is_inside_git_dir(void);
+extern char *git_work_tree_cfg;
+extern int is_inside_work_tree(void);
+extern int have_git_dir(void);
 extern const char *get_git_dir(void);
 extern char *get_object_directory(void);
-extern char *get_refs_directory(void);
 extern char *get_index_file(void);
 extern char *get_graft_file(void);
+extern int set_git_dir(const char *path);
+extern const char *get_git_work_tree(void);
+extern const char *read_gitfile_gently(const char *path);
+extern void set_git_work_tree(const char *tree);
 
 #define ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES"
 
 extern const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec);
+extern void setup_work_tree(void);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory(void);
 extern const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
@@ -171,30 +398,73 @@ extern const char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path
 extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 
+#define INIT_DB_QUIET 0x0001
+
+extern int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags);
+
 #define alloc_nr(x) (((x)+16)*3/2)
 
+/*
+ * Realloc the buffer pointed at by variable 'x' so that it can hold
+ * at least 'nr' entries; the number of entries currently allocated
+ * is 'alloc', using the standard growing factor alloc_nr() macro.
+ *
+ * DO NOT USE any expression with side-effect for 'x' or 'alloc'.
+ */
+#define ALLOC_GROW(x, nr, alloc) \
+	do { \
+		if ((nr) > alloc) { \
+			if (alloc_nr(alloc) < (nr)) \
+				alloc = (nr); \
+			else \
+				alloc = alloc_nr(alloc); \
+			x = xrealloc((x), alloc * sizeof(*(x))); \
+		} \
+	} while(0)
+
 /* Initialize and use the cache information */
-extern int read_cache(void);
-extern int read_cache_from(const char *path);
-extern int write_cache(int newfd, struct cache_entry **cache, int entries);
-extern int discard_cache(void);
+extern int read_index(struct index_state *);
+extern int read_index_preload(struct index_state *, const char **pathspec);
+extern int read_index_from(struct index_state *, const char *path);
+extern int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *);
+extern int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *);
+extern int write_index(struct index_state *, int newfd);
+extern int discard_index(struct index_state *);
+extern int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *);
 extern int verify_path(const char *path);
-extern int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen);
+extern struct cache_entry *index_name_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int igncase);
+extern int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *, const char *name, int namelen);
 #define ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD 1		/* Ok to add */
 #define ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE 2	/* Ok to replace file/directory */
 #define ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK 4	/* Ok to skip DF conflict checks */
-extern int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option);
+#define ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND 8		/* Append only; tree.c::read_tree() */
+#define ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY 16		/* Do not replace existing ones */
+extern int add_index_entry(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *ce, int option);
 extern struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int really);
-extern int remove_cache_entry_at(int pos);
-extern int remove_file_from_cache(const char *path);
-extern int add_file_to_cache(const char *path, int verbose);
+extern void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos, const char *new_name);
+extern int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos);
+extern void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate);
+extern int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *path);
+#define ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE 1
+#define ADD_CACHE_PRETEND 2
+#define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS	4
+#define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL 8
+#define ADD_CACHE_INTENT 16
+extern int add_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, struct stat *, int flags);
+extern int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, int flags);
+extern struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage, int refresh);
 extern int ce_same_name(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b);
-extern int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int);
-extern int ce_modified(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int);
+extern int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *, const char *, int);
+
+/* do stat comparison even if CE_VALID is true */
+#define CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID		01
+/* do not check the contents but report dirty on racily-clean entries */
+#define CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY	02
+extern int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
+extern int ie_modified(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
+
 extern int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char **pathspec);
 extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object, enum object_type type, const char *path);
-extern int read_pipe(int fd, char** return_buf, unsigned long* return_size);
-extern int index_pipe(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, const char *type, int write_object);
 extern int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write_object);
 extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 
@@ -202,27 +472,37 @@ extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 #define REFRESH_UNMERGED	0x0002	/* allow unmerged */
 #define REFRESH_QUIET		0x0004	/* be quiet about it */
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING	0x0008	/* ignore non-existent */
-extern int refresh_cache(unsigned int flags);
+#define REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES	0x0010	/* ignore submodules */
+#define REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED	0x0020	/* say "changed" not "needs update" */
+extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen);
 
 struct lock_file {
 	struct lock_file *next;
+	int fd;
+	pid_t owner;
 	char on_list;
 	char filename[PATH_MAX];
 };
+#define LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR 1
+#define LOCK_NODEREF 2
+extern NORETURN void unable_to_lock_index_die(const char *path, int err);
 extern int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
+extern int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
 extern int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
 
 extern int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *, int);
 extern int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *);
 extern void set_alternate_index_output(const char *);
-
+extern int close_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
 extern void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
-extern int delete_ref(const char *, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int delete_ref(const char *, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt);
 
 /* Environment bits from configuration mechanism */
-extern int use_legacy_headers;
 extern int trust_executable_bit;
+extern int trust_ctime;
+extern int quote_path_fully;
 extern int has_symlinks;
+extern int ignore_case;
 extern int assume_unchanged;
 extern int prefer_symlink_refs;
 extern int log_all_ref_updates;
@@ -230,10 +510,57 @@ extern int warn_ambiguous_refs;
 extern int shared_repository;
 extern const char *apply_default_whitespace;
 extern int zlib_compression_level;
+extern int core_compression_level;
+extern int core_compression_seen;
 extern size_t packed_git_window_size;
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
 extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
 extern int auto_crlf;
+extern int fsync_object_files;
+extern int core_preload_index;
+
+enum safe_crlf {
+	SAFE_CRLF_FALSE = 0,
+	SAFE_CRLF_FAIL = 1,
+	SAFE_CRLF_WARN = 2,
+};
+
+extern enum safe_crlf safe_crlf;
+
+enum branch_track {
+	BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_NEVER = 0,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_ALWAYS,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT,
+};
+
+enum rebase_setup_type {
+	AUTOREBASE_NEVER = 0,
+	AUTOREBASE_LOCAL,
+	AUTOREBASE_REMOTE,
+	AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS,
+};
+
+enum push_default_type {
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING = 0,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT,
+};
+
+extern enum branch_track git_branch_track;
+extern enum rebase_setup_type autorebase;
+extern enum push_default_type push_default;
+
+enum object_creation_mode {
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS = 0,
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = 1,
+};
+
+extern enum object_creation_mode object_creation_mode;
+
+extern int grafts_replace_parents;
 
 #define GIT_REPO_VERSION 0
 extern int repository_format_version;
@@ -247,6 +574,13 @@ extern int check_repository_format(void);
 #define DATA_CHANGED    0x0020
 #define TYPE_CHANGED    0x0040
 
+extern char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+extern char *git_snpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
 /* Return a statically allocated filename matching the sha1 signature */
 extern char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
@@ -271,18 +605,50 @@ static inline void hashclr(unsigned char *hash)
 {
 	memset(hash, 0, 20);
 }
+extern int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX \
+	"4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904"
+#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN \
+	 "\x4b\x82\x5d\xc6\x42\xcb\x6e\xb9\xa0\x60" \
+	 "\xe5\x4b\xf8\xd6\x92\x88\xfb\xee\x49\x04"
 
 int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t n, const char *template);
 
+int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t n, const char *template, int suffix_len);
+
+/*
+ * NOTE NOTE NOTE!!
+ *
+ * PERM_UMASK, OLD_PERM_GROUP and OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY enumerations must
+ * not be changed. Old repositories have core.sharedrepository written in
+ * numeric format, and therefore these values are preserved for compatibility
+ * reasons.
+ */
 enum sharedrepo {
-	PERM_UMASK = 0,
-	PERM_GROUP,
-	PERM_EVERYBODY
+	PERM_UMASK          = 0,
+	OLD_PERM_GROUP      = 1,
+	OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY  = 2,
+	PERM_GROUP          = 0660,
+	PERM_EVERYBODY      = 0664,
 };
 int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value);
-int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path);
+int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode);
+#define adjust_shared_perm(path) set_shared_perm((path), 0)
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
+int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
 char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict);
+static inline int is_absolute_path(const char *path)
+{
+	return path[0] == '/' || has_dos_drive_prefix(path);
+}
+int is_directory(const char *);
+const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path);
+const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path);
+const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base);
+int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src);
+int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list);
+char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix);
 
 /* Read and unpack a sha1 file into memory, write memory to a sha1 file */
 extern int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *, unsigned long *);
@@ -290,24 +656,24 @@ extern void * read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
 extern int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *return_sha1);
 extern int pretend_sha1_file(void *, unsigned long, enum object_type, unsigned char *);
+extern int force_object_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, time_t mtime);
+
+/* global flag to enable extra checks when accessing packed objects */
+extern int do_check_packed_object_crc;
 
 extern int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, unsigned long size, const char *type);
 
-extern int write_sha1_from_fd(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, char *buffer,
-			      size_t bufsize, size_t *bufposn);
-extern int write_sha1_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename);
 
-extern int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, const char **ignore);
+extern int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1);
-extern void *map_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *);
-extern int legacy_loose_object(unsigned char *);
+extern int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
 extern int has_pack_file(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
-extern signed char hexval_table[256];
-static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned int c)
+extern const signed char hexval_table[256];
+static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned char c)
 {
 	return hexval_table[c];
 }
@@ -317,17 +683,24 @@ static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned int c)
 #define DEFAULT_ABBREV 7
 
 extern int get_sha1(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_sha1_with_mode(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode);
 extern int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1);	/* static buffer result! */
 extern int read_ref(const char *filename, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern const char *resolve_ref(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, int, int *);
 extern int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
 extern int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
+extern int interpret_branch_name(const char *str, struct strbuf *);
+
+extern int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name, const char **rules);
+extern const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[];
+extern const char *ref_fetch_rules[];
 
 extern int create_symref(const char *ref, const char *refs_heads_master, const char *logmsg);
 extern int validate_headref(const char *ref);
 
 extern int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *name2, int len2, int mode2);
+extern int df_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *name2, int len2, int mode2);
 extern int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, const char *name2, int len2);
 
 extern void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -335,16 +708,32 @@ extern void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
 					unsigned long *size,
 					unsigned char *sha1_ret);
 
-enum date_mode { DATE_NORMAL = 0, DATE_RELATIVE, DATE_SHORT };
+extern struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
+				   struct object *o, enum object_type);
+
+enum date_mode {
+	DATE_NORMAL = 0,
+	DATE_RELATIVE,
+	DATE_SHORT,
+	DATE_LOCAL,
+	DATE_ISO8601,
+	DATE_RFC2822,
+	DATE_RAW
+};
+
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int timezone, enum date_mode mode);
-const char *show_rfc2822_date(unsigned long time, int timezone);
 int parse_date(const char *date, char *buf, int bufsize);
 void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize);
 unsigned long approxidate(const char *);
+enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format);
 
+#define IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME  1
+#define IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME 2
+#define IDENT_NO_DATE	       4
 extern const char *git_author_info(int);
 extern const char *git_committer_info(int);
 extern const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email, const char *date_str, int);
+extern const char *fmt_name(const char *name, const char *email);
 
 struct checkout {
 	const char *base_dir;
@@ -355,7 +744,24 @@ struct checkout {
 		 refresh_cache:1;
 };
 
-extern int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct checkout *state, char *topath);
+extern int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *topath);
+
+struct cache_def {
+	char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	int len;
+	int flags;
+	int track_flags;
+	int prefix_len_stat_func;
+};
+
+extern int has_symlink_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
+extern int threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(struct cache_def *, const char *, int);
+extern int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
+extern int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len);
+extern void invalidate_lstat_cache(const char *name, int len);
+extern void clear_lstat_cache(void);
+extern void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len);
+extern void remove_scheduled_dirs(void);
 
 extern struct alternate_object_database {
 	struct alternate_object_database *next;
@@ -363,6 +769,9 @@ extern struct alternate_object_database {
 	char base[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 } *alt_odb_list;
 extern void prepare_alt_odb(void);
+extern void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference);
+typedef int alt_odb_fn(struct alternate_object_database *, void *);
+extern void foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn, void*);
 
 struct pack_window {
 	struct pack_window *next;
@@ -376,13 +785,17 @@ struct pack_window {
 extern struct packed_git {
 	struct packed_git *next;
 	struct pack_window *windows;
-	const void *index_data;
-	off_t index_size;
 	off_t pack_size;
-	time_t mtime;
+	const void *index_data;
+	size_t index_size;
+	uint32_t num_objects;
+	uint32_t num_bad_objects;
+	unsigned char *bad_object_sha1;
 	int index_version;
+	time_t mtime;
 	int pack_fd;
-	int pack_local;
+	unsigned pack_local:1,
+		 pack_keep:1;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	/* something like ".git/objects/pack/xxxxx.pack" */
 	char pack_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
@@ -398,7 +811,21 @@ struct ref {
 	struct ref *next;
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char force;
+	char *symref;
+	unsigned int force:1,
+		merge:1,
+		nonfastforward:1,
+		deletion:1;
+	enum {
+		REF_STATUS_NONE = 0,
+		REF_STATUS_OK,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE,
+		REF_STATUS_UPTODATE,
+		REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT,
+		REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT,
+	} status;
+	char *remote_status;
 	struct ref *peer_ref; /* when renaming */
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
@@ -407,96 +834,155 @@ struct ref {
 #define REF_HEADS	(1u << 1)
 #define REF_TAGS	(1u << 2)
 
-extern pid_t git_connect(int fd[2], char *url, const char *prog);
-extern int finish_connect(pid_t pid);
+extern struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name);
+
+#define CONNECT_VERBOSE       (1u << 0)
+extern struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url, const char *prog, int flags);
+extern int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn);
 extern int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match);
-extern int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
-		      int nr_refspec, char **refspec, int all);
 extern int get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1);
-extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list, int nr_match, char **match, unsigned int flags);
+struct extra_have_objects {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	unsigned char (*array)[20];
+};
+extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list, int nr_match, char **match, unsigned int flags, struct extra_have_objects *);
 extern int server_supports(const char *feature);
 
 extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1);
-extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1,
-						const char *idx_path);
 
 extern void prepare_packed_git(void);
 extern void reprepare_packed_git(void);
 extern void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack);
 
-extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, 
+extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 					 struct packed_git *packs);
 
 extern void pack_report(void);
-extern unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned int *);
+extern int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
+extern unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned int *);
+extern void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
 extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
+extern void free_pack_by_name(const char *);
+extern void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
 extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *, int, int);
-extern uint32_t num_packed_objects(const struct packed_git *p);
-extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
+extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
+extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
 extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *, struct packed_git *);
 extern void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
-extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_gently(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
+extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
+extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
 extern const char *packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *, off_t, unsigned long *, unsigned long *, unsigned int *, unsigned char *);
 
 /* Dumb servers support */
 extern int update_server_info(int);
 
-typedef int (*config_fn_t)(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_default_config(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *);
-extern int git_config(config_fn_t fn);
+typedef int (*config_fn_t)(const char *, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_default_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *);
+extern int git_parse_ulong(const char *, unsigned long *);
 extern int git_config_int(const char *, const char *);
+extern unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *, const char *, int *);
 extern int git_config_bool(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_string(const char **, const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_set(const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
-extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value);
+extern const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void);
+extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+extern int git_config_system(void);
+extern int git_config_global(void);
+extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
+extern const char *config_exclusive_filename;
 
 #define MAX_GITNAME (1000)
 extern char git_default_email[MAX_GITNAME];
 extern char git_default_name[MAX_GITNAME];
+extern int user_ident_explicitly_given;
 
 extern const char *git_commit_encoding;
 extern const char *git_log_output_encoding;
+extern const char *git_mailmap_file;
 
+/* IO helper functions */
+extern void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *, const char *);
 extern int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd);
-extern int read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
-extern int write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
+extern int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode);
+extern ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
+extern ssize_t write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
 extern void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
 extern int write_or_whine(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
 extern int write_or_whine_pipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
+extern void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *);
 
 /* pager.c */
 extern void setup_pager(void);
-extern int pager_in_use;
+extern const char *pager_program;
+extern int pager_in_use(void);
 extern int pager_use_color;
 
+extern const char *editor_program;
+extern const char *excludes_file;
+
 /* base85 */
-int decode_85(char *dst, char *line, int linelen);
-void encode_85(char *buf, unsigned char *data, int bytes);
+int decode_85(char *dst, const char *line, int linelen);
+void encode_85(char *buf, const unsigned char *data, int bytes);
 
 /* alloc.c */
-struct blob;
-struct tree;
-struct commit;
-struct tag;
-extern struct blob *alloc_blob_node(void);
-extern struct tree *alloc_tree_node(void);
-extern struct commit *alloc_commit_node(void);
-extern struct tag *alloc_tag_node(void);
+extern void *alloc_blob_node(void);
+extern void *alloc_tree_node(void);
+extern void *alloc_commit_node(void);
+extern void *alloc_tag_node(void);
+extern void *alloc_object_node(void);
 extern void alloc_report(void);
 
 /* trace.c */
-extern int nfasprintf(char **str, const char *fmt, ...);
-extern int nfvasprintf(char **str, const char *fmt, va_list va);
 extern void trace_printf(const char *format, ...);
-extern void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, int count, const char *format, ...);
+extern void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *format, ...);
 
 /* convert.c */
-extern int convert_to_git(const char *path, char **bufp, unsigned long *sizep);
-extern int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, char **bufp, unsigned long *sizep);
+/* returns 1 if *dst was used */
+extern int convert_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                          struct strbuf *dst, enum safe_crlf checksafe);
+extern int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst);
+
+/* add */
+/*
+ * return 0 if success, 1 - if addition of a file failed and
+ * ADD_FILES_IGNORE_ERRORS was specified in flags
+ */
+int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec, int flags);
+
+/* diff.c */
+extern int diff_auto_refresh_index;
 
 /* match-trees.c */
 void shift_tree(const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *, unsigned char *, int);
 
+/*
+ * whitespace rules.
+ * used by both diff and apply
+ */
+#define WS_TRAILING_SPACE	01
+#define WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB	02
+#define WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB	04
+#define WS_CR_AT_EOL           010
+#define WS_DEFAULT_RULE (WS_TRAILING_SPACE|WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB)
+extern unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg;
+extern unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *);
+extern unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *);
+extern unsigned ws_check(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule);
+extern void ws_check_emit(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule, FILE *stream, const char *set, const char *reset, const char *ws);
+extern char *whitespace_error_string(unsigned ws);
+extern int ws_fix_copy(char *, const char *, int, unsigned, int *);
+extern int ws_blank_line(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule);
+
+/* ls-files */
+int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const char **pathspec, int prefix_offset);
+void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix);
+
+char *alias_lookup(const char *alias);
+int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv);
+
 #endif /* CACHE_H */
diff --git a/check-racy.c b/check-racy.c
index d6a08b4a55..00d92a1663 100644
--- a/check-racy.c
+++ b/check-racy.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 
 		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0))
 			dirty++;
-		else if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 2))
+		else if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY))
 			racy++;
 		else
 			clean++;
diff --git a/check_bindir b/check_bindir
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a1c4c3e8d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/check_bindir
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+bindir="$1"
+gitexecdir="$2"
+gitcmd="$3"
+if test "$bindir" != "$gitexecdir" -a -x "$gitcmd"
+then
+	echo
+	echo "!! You have installed git-* commands to new gitexecdir."
+	echo "!! Old version git-* commands still remain in bindir."
+	echo "!! Mixing two versions of Git will lead to problems."
+	echo "!! Please remove old version commands in bindir now."
+	echo
+fi
diff --git a/color.c b/color.c
index 09d82eec3d..62977f4808 100644
--- a/color.c
+++ b/color.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "color.h"
 
-#define COLOR_RESET "\033[m"
+int git_use_color_default = 0;
 
 static int parse_color(const char *name, int len)
 {
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static int parse_color(const char *name, int len)
 			return i - 1;
 	}
 	i = strtol(name, &end, 10);
-	if (*name && !*end && i >= -1 && i <= 255)
+	if (end - name == len && i >= -1 && i <= 255)
 		return i;
 	return -2;
 }
@@ -39,29 +39,40 @@ static int parse_attr(const char *name, int len)
 
 void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 {
+	color_parse_mem(value, strlen(value), var, dst);
+}
+
+void color_parse_mem(const char *value, int value_len, const char *var,
+		char *dst)
+{
 	const char *ptr = value;
+	int len = value_len;
 	int attr = -1;
 	int fg = -2;
 	int bg = -2;
 
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "reset")) {
-		strcpy(dst, "\033[m");
+	if (!strncasecmp(value, "reset", len)) {
+		strcpy(dst, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/* [fg [bg]] [attr] */
-	while (*ptr) {
+	while (len > 0) {
 		const char *word = ptr;
-		int val, len = 0;
+		int val, wordlen = 0;
 
-		while (word[len] && !isspace(word[len]))
-			len++;
+		while (len > 0 && !isspace(word[wordlen])) {
+			wordlen++;
+			len--;
+		}
 
-		ptr = word + len;
-		while (*ptr && isspace(*ptr))
+		ptr = word + wordlen;
+		while (len > 0 && isspace(*ptr)) {
 			ptr++;
+			len--;
+		}
 
-		val = parse_color(word, len);
+		val = parse_color(word, wordlen);
 		if (val >= -1) {
 			if (fg == -2) {
 				fg = val;
@@ -73,7 +84,7 @@ void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 			}
 			goto bad;
 		}
-		val = parse_attr(word, len);
+		val = parse_attr(word, wordlen);
 		if (val < 0 || attr != -1)
 			goto bad;
 		attr = val;
@@ -113,61 +124,107 @@ void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 	*dst = 0;
 	return;
 bad:
-	die("bad config value '%s' for variable '%s'", value, var);
+	die("bad color value '%.*s' for variable '%s'", value_len, value, var);
 }
 
-int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value)
+int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value, int stdout_is_tty)
 {
-	if (!value)
-		return 1;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "auto")) {
-		if (isatty(1) || (pager_in_use && pager_use_color)) {
-			char *term = getenv("TERM");
-			if (term && strcmp(term, "dumb"))
-				return 1;
-		}
+	if (value) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "never"))
+			return 0;
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "always"))
+			return 1;
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "auto"))
+			goto auto_color;
+	}
+
+	/* Missing or explicit false to turn off colorization */
+	if (!git_config_bool(var, value))
 		return 0;
+
+	/* any normal truth value defaults to 'auto' */
+ auto_color:
+	if (stdout_is_tty < 0)
+		stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
+	if (stdout_is_tty || (pager_in_use() && pager_use_color)) {
+		char *term = getenv("TERM");
+		if (term && strcmp(term, "dumb"))
+			return 1;
 	}
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "never"))
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_color_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.ui")) {
+		git_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
 		return 0;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "always"))
-		return 1;
-	return git_config_bool(var, value);
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static int color_vprintf(const char *color, const char *fmt,
+static int color_vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt,
 		va_list args, const char *trail)
 {
 	int r = 0;
 
 	if (*color)
-		r += printf("%s", color);
-	r += vprintf(fmt, args);
+		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", color);
+	r += vfprintf(fp, fmt, args);
 	if (*color)
-		r += printf("%s", COLOR_RESET);
+		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 	if (trail)
-		r += printf("%s", trail);
+		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", trail);
 	return r;
 }
 
 
 
-int color_printf(const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
+int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
 	int r;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	r = color_vprintf(color, fmt, args, NULL);
+	r = color_vfprintf(fp, color, fmt, args, NULL);
 	va_end(args);
 	return r;
 }
 
-int color_printf_ln(const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
+int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
 	int r;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	r = color_vprintf(color, fmt, args, "\n");
+	r = color_vfprintf(fp, color, fmt, args, "\n");
 	va_end(args);
 	return r;
 }
+
+/*
+ * This function splits the buffer by newlines and colors the lines individually.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success.
+ */
+int color_fwrite_lines(FILE *fp, const char *color,
+		size_t count, const char *buf)
+{
+	if (!*color)
+		return fwrite(buf, count, 1, fp) != 1;
+	while (count) {
+		char *p = memchr(buf, '\n', count);
+		if (p != buf && (fputs(color, fp) < 0 ||
+				fwrite(buf, p ? p - buf : count, 1, fp) != 1 ||
+				fputs(GIT_COLOR_RESET, fp) < 0))
+			return -1;
+		if (!p)
+			return 0;
+		if (fputc('\n', fp) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		count -= p + 1 - buf;
+		buf = p + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index 88bb8ff1bd..18abeb7c7d 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -4,9 +4,33 @@
 /* "\033[1;38;5;2xx;48;5;2xxm\0" is 23 bytes */
 #define COLOR_MAXLEN 24
 
-int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value);
-void color_parse(const char *var, const char *value, char *dst);
-int color_printf(const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
-int color_printf_ln(const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+#define GIT_COLOR_NORMAL	""
+#define GIT_COLOR_RESET		"\033[m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BOLD		"\033[1m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_RED		"\033[31m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_GREEN		"\033[32m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_YELLOW	"\033[33m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BLUE		"\033[34m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA	"\033[35m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_CYAN		"\033[36m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BG_RED	"\033[41m"
+
+/*
+ * This variable stores the value of color.ui
+ */
+extern int git_use_color_default;
+
+
+/*
+ * Use this instead of git_default_config if you need the value of color.ui.
+ */
+int git_color_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+
+int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value, int stdout_is_tty);
+void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst);
+void color_parse_mem(const char *value, int len, const char *var, char *dst);
+int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+int color_fwrite_lines(FILE *fp, const char *color, size_t count, const char *buf);
 
 #endif /* COLOR_H */
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index 3a9b32f6b8..5b63af1eeb 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr, int n, int num_parent)
 {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr,
 			path = q->queue[i]->two->path;
 			len = strlen(path);
 			p = xmalloc(combine_diff_path_size(num_parent, len));
-			p->path = (char*) &(p->parent[num_parent]);
+			p->path = (char *) &(p->parent[num_parent]);
 			memcpy(p->path, path, len);
 			p->path[len] = 0;
 			p->len = len;
@@ -79,28 +80,36 @@ struct lline {
 /* Lines surviving in the merge result */
 struct sline {
 	struct lline *lost_head, **lost_tail;
+	struct lline *next_lost;
 	char *bol;
 	int len;
 	/* bit 0 up to (N-1) are on if the parent has this line (i.e.
 	 * we did not change it).
 	 * bit N is used for "interesting" lines, including context.
+	 * bit (N+1) is used for "do not show deletion before this".
 	 */
 	unsigned long flag;
 	unsigned long *p_lno;
 };
 
-static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	char *blob;
 	enum object_type type;
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		blob = xmalloc(100);
+		*size = snprintf(blob, 100,
+				 "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
 		/* deleted blob */
 		*size = 0;
 		return xcalloc(1, 1);
+	} else {
+		blob = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
+		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+			die("object '%s' is not a blob!", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
-	blob = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
-	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-		die("object '%s' is not a blob!", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	return blob;
 }
 
@@ -113,18 +122,12 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 
 	/* Check to see if we can squash things */
 	if (sline->lost_head) {
-		struct lline *last_one = NULL;
-		/* We cannot squash it with earlier one */
-		for (lline = sline->lost_head;
-		     lline;
-		     lline = lline->next)
-			if (lline->parent_map & this_mask)
-				last_one = lline;
-		lline = last_one ? last_one->next : sline->lost_head;
+		lline = sline->next_lost;
 		while (lline) {
 			if (lline->len == len &&
 			    !memcmp(lline->line, line, len)) {
 				lline->parent_map |= this_mask;
+				sline->next_lost = lline->next;
 				return;
 			}
 			lline = lline->next;
@@ -139,11 +142,10 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 	lline->line[len] = 0;
 	*sline->lost_tail = lline;
 	sline->lost_tail = &lline->next;
+	sline->next_lost = NULL;
 }
 
 struct combine_diff_state {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
-
 	unsigned int lno;
 	int ob, on, nb, nn;
 	unsigned long nmask;
@@ -162,25 +164,28 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 				      &state->nb, &state->nn))
 			return;
 		state->lno = state->nb;
-		if (!state->nb)
-			/* @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ to remove the
-			 * first two lines...
-			 */
-			state->nb = 1;
-		if (state->nn == 0)
+		if (state->nn == 0) {
 			/* @@ -X,Y +N,0 @@ removed Y lines
 			 * that would have come *after* line N
 			 * in the result.  Our lost buckets hang
 			 * to the line after the removed lines,
+			 *
+			 * Note that this is correct even when N == 0,
+			 * in which case the hunk removes the first
+			 * line in the file.
 			 */
 			state->lost_bucket = &state->sline[state->nb];
-		else
+			if (!state->nb)
+				state->nb = 1;
+		} else {
 			state->lost_bucket = &state->sline[state->nb-1];
+		}
 		if (!state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno)
 			state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno =
 				xcalloc(state->num_parent,
 					sizeof(unsigned long));
 		state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno[state->n] = state->ob;
+		state->lost_bucket->next_lost = state->lost_bucket->lost_head;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!state->lost_bucket)
@@ -196,7 +201,8 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	}
 }
 
-static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, mmfile_t *result_file,
+static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
+			 mmfile_t *result_file,
 			 struct sline *sline, unsigned int cnt, int n,
 			 int num_parent)
 {
@@ -212,22 +218,20 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, mmfile_t *result_file,
 	if (!cnt)
 		return; /* result deleted */
 
-	parent_file.ptr = grab_blob(parent, &sz);
+	parent_file.ptr = grab_blob(parent, mode, &sz);
 	parent_file.size = sz;
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
-	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
-	xecfg.flags = 0;
-	ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-	ecb.priv = &state;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
-	state.xm.consume = consume_line;
 	state.nmask = nmask;
 	state.sline = sline;
 	state.lno = 1;
 	state.num_parent = num_parent;
 	state.n = n;
 
-	xdl_diff(&parent_file, result_file, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	xdi_diff_outf(&parent_file, result_file, consume_line, &state,
+		      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	free(parent_file.ptr);
 
 	/* Assign line numbers for this parent.
@@ -309,6 +313,7 @@ static int give_context(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent)
 {
 	unsigned long all_mask = (1UL<<num_parent) - 1;
 	unsigned long mark = (1UL<<num_parent);
+	unsigned long no_pre_delete = (2UL<<num_parent);
 	unsigned long i;
 
 	/* Two groups of interesting lines may have a short gap of
@@ -330,7 +335,7 @@ static int give_context(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent)
 
 		/* Paint a few lines before the first interesting line. */
 		while (j < i)
-			sline[j++].flag |= mark;
+			sline[j++].flag |= mark | no_pre_delete;
 
 	again:
 		/* we know up to i is to be included.  where does the
@@ -499,10 +504,23 @@ static int hunk_comment_line(const char *bol)
 	return (isalpha(ch) || ch == '_' || ch == '$');
 }
 
+static void show_line_to_eol(const char *line, int len, const char *reset)
+{
+	int saw_cr_at_eol = 0;
+	if (len < 0)
+		len = strlen(line);
+	saw_cr_at_eol = (len && line[len-1] == '\r');
+
+	printf("%.*s%s%s\n", len - saw_cr_at_eol, line,
+	       reset,
+	       saw_cr_at_eol ? "\r" : "");
+}
+
 static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 		       int use_color)
 {
 	unsigned long mark = (1UL<<num_parent);
+	unsigned long no_pre_delete = (2UL<<num_parent);
 	int i;
 	unsigned long lno = 0;
 	const char *c_frag = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
@@ -515,7 +533,6 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 		return; /* result deleted */
 
 	while (1) {
-		struct sline *sl = &sline[lno];
 		unsigned long hunk_end;
 		unsigned long rlines;
 		const char *hunk_comment = NULL;
@@ -581,8 +598,8 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 			struct lline *ll;
 			int j;
 			unsigned long p_mask;
-			sl = &sline[lno++];
-			ll = sl->lost_head;
+			struct sline *sl = &sline[lno++];
+			ll = (sl->flag & no_pre_delete) ? NULL : sl->lost_head;
 			while (ll) {
 				fputs(c_old, stdout);
 				for (j = 0; j < num_parent; j++) {
@@ -591,7 +608,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 					else
 						putchar(' ');
 				}
-				printf("%s%s\n", ll->line, c_reset);
+				show_line_to_eol(ll->line, -1, c_reset);
 				ll = ll->next;
 			}
 			if (cnt < lno)
@@ -615,7 +632,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 					putchar(' ');
 				p_mask <<= 1;
 			}
-			printf("%.*s%s\n", sl->len, sl->bol, c_reset);
+			show_line_to_eol(sl->bol, sl->len, c_reset);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -647,15 +664,19 @@ static void reuse_combine_diff(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt,
 	sline->p_lno[i] = sline->p_lno[j];
 }
 
-static void dump_quoted_path(const char *prefix, const char *path,
+static void dump_quoted_path(const char *head,
+			     const char *prefix,
+			     const char *path,
 			     const char *c_meta, const char *c_reset)
 {
-	printf("%s%s", c_meta, prefix);
-	if (quote_c_style(path, NULL, NULL, 0))
-		quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
-	else
-		printf("%s", path);
-	printf("%s\n", c_reset);
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, c_meta);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, head);
+	quote_two_c_style(&buf, prefix, path, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, c_reset);
+	puts(buf.buf);
 }
 
 static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
@@ -668,13 +689,17 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	int mode_differs = 0;
 	int i, show_hunks;
 	int working_tree_file = is_null_sha1(elem->sha1);
-	int abbrev = opt->full_index ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
 	mmfile_t result_file;
 
 	context = opt->context;
+	a_prefix = opt->a_prefix ? opt->a_prefix : "a/";
+	b_prefix = opt->b_prefix ? opt->b_prefix : "b/";
+
 	/* Read the result of merge first */
 	if (!working_tree_file)
-		result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, &result_size);
+		result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
 	else {
 		/* Used by diff-tree to read from the working tree */
 		struct stat st;
@@ -684,21 +709,25 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			goto deleted_file;
 
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			size_t len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			result_size = len;
-			result = xmalloc(len + 1);
-			if (result_size != readlink(elem->path, result, len)) {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, elem->path, st.st_size) < 0) {
 				error("readlink(%s): %s", elem->path,
 				      strerror(errno));
 				return;
 			}
-			result[len] = 0;
+			result_size = buf.len;
+			result = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 			elem->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
-		}
-		else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY)) &&
-			 !fstat(fd, &st)) {
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(elem->path, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+				result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
+			else
+				result = grab_blob(sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
+		} else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY))) {
 			size_t len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			size_t sz = 0;
+			ssize_t done;
 			int is_file, i;
 
 			elem->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
@@ -713,15 +742,25 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 
 			result_size = len;
 			result = xmalloc(len + 1);
-			while (sz < len) {
-				int done = xread(fd, result+sz, len-sz);
-				if (done == 0)
-					break;
-				if (done < 0)
-					die("read error '%s'", elem->path);
-				sz += done;
-			}
+
+			done = read_in_full(fd, result, len);
+			if (done < 0)
+				die_errno("read error '%s'", elem->path);
+			else if (done < len)
+				die("early EOF '%s'", elem->path);
+
 			result[len] = 0;
+
+			/* If not a fake symlink, apply filters, e.g. autocrlf */
+			if (is_file) {
+				struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+				if (convert_to_git(elem->path, result, len, &buf, safe_crlf)) {
+					free(result);
+					result = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+					result_size = len;
+				}
+			}
 		}
 		else {
 		deleted_file:
@@ -778,7 +817,9 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			}
 		}
 		if (i <= j)
-			combine_diff(elem->parent[i].sha1, &result_file, sline,
+			combine_diff(elem->parent[i].sha1,
+				     elem->parent[i].mode,
+				     &result_file, sline,
 				     cnt, i, num_parent);
 		if (elem->parent[i].mode != elem->mode)
 			mode_differs = 1;
@@ -788,16 +829,16 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 
 	if (show_hunks || mode_differs || working_tree_file) {
 		const char *abb;
-		int use_color = opt->color_diff;
+		int use_color = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, COLOR_DIFF);
 		const char *c_meta = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_METAINFO);
 		const char *c_reset = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_RESET);
 		int added = 0;
 		int deleted = 0;
 
 		if (rev->loginfo && !rev->no_commit_id)
-			show_log(rev, opt->msg_sep);
+			show_log(rev);
 		dump_quoted_path(dense ? "diff --cc " : "diff --combined ",
-				 elem->path, c_meta, c_reset);
+				 "", elem->path, c_meta, c_reset);
 		printf("%sindex ", c_meta);
 		for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
 			abb = find_unique_abbrev(elem->parent[i].sha1,
@@ -833,14 +874,19 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			printf("%s\n", c_reset);
 		}
 		if (added)
-			dump_quoted_path("--- /dev/", "null", c_meta, c_reset);
+			dump_quoted_path("--- ", "", "/dev/null",
+					 c_meta, c_reset);
 		else
-			dump_quoted_path("--- a/", elem->path, c_meta, c_reset);
+			dump_quoted_path("--- ", a_prefix, elem->path,
+					 c_meta, c_reset);
 		if (deleted)
-			dump_quoted_path("+++ /dev/", "null", c_meta, c_reset);
+			dump_quoted_path("+++ ", "", "/dev/null",
+					 c_meta, c_reset);
 		else
-			dump_quoted_path("+++ b/", elem->path, c_meta, c_reset);
-		dump_sline(sline, cnt, num_parent, opt->color_diff);
+			dump_quoted_path("+++ ", b_prefix, elem->path,
+					 c_meta, c_reset);
+		dump_sline(sline, cnt, num_parent,
+			   DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, COLOR_DIFF));
 	}
 	free(result);
 
@@ -873,7 +919,7 @@ static void show_raw_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p, int num_parent, struct re
 		inter_name_termination = 0;
 
 	if (rev->loginfo && !rev->no_commit_id)
-		show_log(rev, opt->msg_sep);
+		show_log(rev);
 
 	if (opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_RAW) {
 		offset = strlen(COLONS) - num_parent;
@@ -901,16 +947,7 @@ static void show_raw_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p, int num_parent, struct re
 		putchar(inter_name_termination);
 	}
 
-	if (line_termination) {
-		if (quote_c_style(p->path, NULL, NULL, 0))
-			quote_c_style(p->path, NULL, stdout, 0);
-		else
-			printf("%s", p->path);
-		putchar(line_termination);
-	}
-	else {
-		printf("%s%c", p->path, line_termination);
-	}
+	write_name_quoted(p->path, stdout, line_termination);
 }
 
 void show_combined_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p,
@@ -942,7 +979,8 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 	diffopts = *opt;
 	diffopts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	diffopts.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diffopts, RECURSIVE);
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&diffopts, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
 
 	show_log_first = !!rev->loginfo && !rev->no_commit_id;
 	needsep = 0;
@@ -962,7 +1000,7 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		paths = intersect_paths(paths, i, num_parent);
 
 		if (show_log_first && i == 0) {
-			show_log(rev, opt->msg_sep);
+			show_log(rev);
 			if (rev->verbose_header && opt->output_format)
 				putchar(opt->line_termination);
 		}
@@ -1024,7 +1062,7 @@ void diff_tree_combined_merge(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	for (parents = commit->parents, num_parent = 0;
 	     parents;
 	     parents = parents->next, num_parent++)
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)(parent + num_parent),
+		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + num_parent),
 			parents->item->object.sha1);
 	diff_tree_combined(sha1, parent, num_parent, dense, rev);
 }
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb03a2ebb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+# List of known git commands.
+# command name				category [deprecated] [common]
+git-add                                 mainporcelain common
+git-am                                  mainporcelain
+git-annotate                            ancillaryinterrogators
+git-apply                               plumbingmanipulators
+git-archimport                          foreignscminterface
+git-archive                             mainporcelain
+git-bisect                              mainporcelain common
+git-blame                               ancillaryinterrogators
+git-branch                              mainporcelain common
+git-bundle                              mainporcelain
+git-cat-file                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-check-attr                          purehelpers
+git-checkout                            mainporcelain common
+git-checkout-index                      plumbingmanipulators
+git-check-ref-format                    purehelpers
+git-cherry                              ancillaryinterrogators
+git-cherry-pick                         mainporcelain
+git-citool                              mainporcelain
+git-clean                               mainporcelain
+git-clone                               mainporcelain common
+git-commit                              mainporcelain common
+git-commit-tree                         plumbingmanipulators
+git-config                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-count-objects                       ancillaryinterrogators
+git-cvsexportcommit                     foreignscminterface
+git-cvsimport                           foreignscminterface
+git-cvsserver                           foreignscminterface
+git-daemon                              synchingrepositories
+git-describe                            mainporcelain
+git-diff                                mainporcelain common
+git-diff-files                          plumbinginterrogators
+git-diff-index                          plumbinginterrogators
+git-diff-tree                           plumbinginterrogators
+git-difftool                            ancillaryinterrogators
+git-fast-export				ancillarymanipulators
+git-fast-import				ancillarymanipulators
+git-fetch                               mainporcelain common
+git-fetch-pack                          synchingrepositories
+git-filter-branch                       ancillarymanipulators
+git-fmt-merge-msg                       purehelpers
+git-for-each-ref                        plumbinginterrogators
+git-format-patch                        mainporcelain
+git-fsck	                        ancillaryinterrogators
+git-gc                                  mainporcelain
+git-get-tar-commit-id                   ancillaryinterrogators
+git-grep                                mainporcelain common
+git-gui                                 mainporcelain
+git-hash-object                         plumbingmanipulators
+git-help				ancillaryinterrogators
+git-http-fetch                          synchelpers
+git-http-push                           synchelpers
+git-imap-send                           foreignscminterface
+git-index-pack                          plumbingmanipulators
+git-init                                mainporcelain common
+git-instaweb                            ancillaryinterrogators
+gitk                                    mainporcelain
+git-log                                 mainporcelain common
+git-lost-found                          ancillarymanipulators	deprecated
+git-ls-files                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-ls-remote                           plumbinginterrogators
+git-ls-tree                             plumbinginterrogators
+git-mailinfo                            purehelpers
+git-mailsplit                           purehelpers
+git-merge                               mainporcelain common
+git-merge-base                          plumbinginterrogators
+git-merge-file                          plumbingmanipulators
+git-merge-index                         plumbingmanipulators
+git-merge-one-file                      purehelpers
+git-mergetool                           ancillarymanipulators
+git-merge-tree                          ancillaryinterrogators
+git-mktag                               plumbingmanipulators
+git-mktree                              plumbingmanipulators
+git-mv                                  mainporcelain common
+git-name-rev                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-pack-objects                        plumbingmanipulators
+git-pack-redundant                      plumbinginterrogators
+git-pack-refs                           ancillarymanipulators
+git-parse-remote                        synchelpers
+git-patch-id                            purehelpers
+git-peek-remote                         purehelpers	deprecated
+git-prune                               ancillarymanipulators
+git-prune-packed                        plumbingmanipulators
+git-pull                                mainporcelain common
+git-push                                mainporcelain common
+git-quiltimport                         foreignscminterface
+git-read-tree                           plumbingmanipulators
+git-rebase                              mainporcelain common
+git-receive-pack                        synchelpers
+git-reflog                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-relink                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-remote                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-repack                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-repo-config                         ancillarymanipulators	deprecated
+git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface
+git-rerere                              ancillaryinterrogators
+git-reset                               mainporcelain common
+git-revert                              mainporcelain
+git-rev-list                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-rev-parse                           ancillaryinterrogators
+git-rm                                  mainporcelain common
+git-send-email                          foreignscminterface
+git-send-pack                           synchingrepositories
+git-shell                               synchelpers
+git-shortlog                            mainporcelain
+git-show                                mainporcelain common
+git-show-branch                         ancillaryinterrogators
+git-show-index                          plumbinginterrogators
+git-show-ref                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-sh-setup                            purehelpers
+git-stash                               mainporcelain
+git-status                              mainporcelain common
+git-stripspace                          purehelpers
+git-submodule                           mainporcelain
+git-svn                                 foreignscminterface
+git-symbolic-ref                        plumbingmanipulators
+git-tag                                 mainporcelain common
+git-tar-tree                            plumbinginterrogators	deprecated
+git-unpack-file                         plumbinginterrogators
+git-unpack-objects                      plumbingmanipulators
+git-update-index                        plumbingmanipulators
+git-update-ref                          plumbingmanipulators
+git-update-server-info                  synchingrepositories
+git-upload-archive                      synchelpers
+git-upload-pack                         synchelpers
+git-var                                 plumbinginterrogators
+git-verify-pack                         plumbinginterrogators
+git-verify-tag                          ancillaryinterrogators
+git-whatchanged                         ancillaryinterrogators
+git-write-tree                          plumbingmanipulators
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index 754d1b8a0b..e2bcbe8149 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -3,68 +3,13 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
-#include "interpolate.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
 
 int save_commit_buffer = 1;
 
-struct sort_node
-{
-	/*
-	 * the number of children of the associated commit
-	 * that also occur in the list being sorted.
-	 */
-	unsigned int indegree;
-
-	/*
-	 * reference to original list item that we will re-use
-	 * on output.
-	 */
-	struct commit_list * list_item;
-
-};
-
 const char *commit_type = "commit";
 
-struct cmt_fmt_map {
-	const char *n;
-	size_t cmp_len;
-	enum cmit_fmt v;
-} cmt_fmts[] = {
-	{ "raw",	1,	CMIT_FMT_RAW },
-	{ "medium",	1,	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM },
-	{ "short",	1,	CMIT_FMT_SHORT },
-	{ "email",	1,	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL },
-	{ "full",	5,	CMIT_FMT_FULL },
-	{ "fuller",	5,	CMIT_FMT_FULLER },
-	{ "oneline",	1,	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE },
-	{ "format:",	7,	CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT},
-};
-
-static char *user_format;
-
-enum cmit_fmt get_commit_format(const char *arg)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (!arg || !*arg)
-		return CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
-	if (*arg == '=')
-		arg++;
-	if (!prefixcmp(arg, "format:")) {
-		if (user_format)
-			free(user_format);
-		user_format = xstrdup(arg + 7);
-		return CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cmt_fmts); i++) {
-		if (!strncmp(arg, cmt_fmts[i].n, cmt_fmts[i].cmp_len) &&
-		    !strncmp(arg, cmt_fmts[i].n, strlen(arg)))
-			return cmt_fmts[i].v;
-	}
-
-	die("invalid --pretty format: %s", arg);
-}
-
 static struct commit *check_commit(struct object *obj,
 				   const unsigned char *sha1,
 				   int quiet)
@@ -96,33 +41,38 @@ struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
 struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		struct commit *ret = alloc_commit_node();
-		created_object(sha1, &ret->object);
-		ret->object.type = OBJ_COMMIT;
-		return ret;
-	}
+	if (!obj)
+		return create_object(sha1, OBJ_COMMIT, alloc_commit_node());
 	if (!obj->type)
 		obj->type = OBJ_COMMIT;
 	return check_commit(obj, sha1, 0);
 }
 
-static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf)
+static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 {
-	unsigned long date;
+	const char *dateptr;
 
+	if (buf + 6 >= tail)
+		return 0;
 	if (memcmp(buf, "author", 6))
 		return 0;
-	while (*buf++ != '\n')
+	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '\n')
 		/* nada */;
+	if (buf + 9 >= tail)
+		return 0;
 	if (memcmp(buf, "committer", 9))
 		return 0;
-	while (*buf++ != '>')
+	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '>')
 		/* nada */;
-	date = strtoul(buf, NULL, 10);
-	if (date == ULONG_MAX)
-		date = 0;
-	return date;
+	if (buf >= tail)
+		return 0;
+	dateptr = buf;
+	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '\n')
+		/* nada */;
+	if (buf >= tail)
+		return 0;
+	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so strtoul will stop at buf-1 */
+	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
 }
 
 static struct commit_graft **commit_graft;
@@ -150,7 +100,7 @@ static int commit_graft_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
 int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *graft, int ignore_dups)
 {
 	int pos = commit_graft_pos(graft->sha1);
-	
+
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		if (ignore_dups)
 			free(graft);
@@ -206,7 +156,7 @@ struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len)
 	return graft;
 }
 
-int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
+static int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
 {
 	FILE *fp = fopen(graft_file, "r");
 	char buf[1024];
@@ -239,7 +189,7 @@ static void prepare_commit_graft(void)
 	commit_graft_prepared = 1;
 }
 
-static struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int pos;
 	prepare_commit_graft();
@@ -289,20 +239,17 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	unsigned char parent[20];
 	struct commit_list **pptr;
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
-	unsigned n_refs = 0;
 
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
 	item->object.parsed = 1;
 	tail += size;
-	if (tail <= bufptr + 5 || memcmp(bufptr, "tree ", 5))
+	if (tail <= bufptr + 46 || memcmp(bufptr, "tree ", 5) || bufptr[45] != '\n')
 		return error("bogus commit object %s", sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
-	if (tail <= bufptr + 45 || get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 5, parent) < 0)
+	if (get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 5, parent) < 0)
 		return error("bad tree pointer in commit %s",
 			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
 	item->tree = lookup_tree(parent);
-	if (item->tree)
-		n_refs++;
 	bufptr += 46; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
 	pptr = &item->parents;
 
@@ -315,13 +262,15 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 		    bufptr[47] != '\n')
 			return error("bad parents in commit %s", sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
 		bufptr += 48;
-		if (graft)
+		/*
+		 * The clone is shallow if nr_parent < 0, and we must
+		 * not traverse its real parents even when we unhide them.
+		 */
+		if (graft && (graft->nr_parent < 0 || grafts_replace_parents))
 			continue;
 		new_parent = lookup_commit(parent);
-		if (new_parent) {
+		if (new_parent)
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
-			n_refs++;
-		}
 	}
 	if (graft) {
 		int i;
@@ -331,21 +280,9 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 			if (!new_parent)
 				continue;
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
-			n_refs++;
 		}
 	}
-	item->date = parse_commit_date(bufptr);
-
-	if (track_object_refs) {
-		unsigned i = 0;
-		struct commit_list *p;
-		struct object_refs *refs = alloc_object_refs(n_refs);
-		if (item->tree)
-			refs->ref[i++] = &item->tree->object;
-		for (p = item->parents; p; p = p->next)
-			refs->ref[i++] = &p->item->object;
-		set_object_refs(&item->object, refs);
-	}
+	item->date = parse_commit_date(bufptr, tail);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -357,6 +294,8 @@ int parse_commit(struct commit *item)
 	unsigned long size;
 	int ret;
 
+	if (!item)
+		return -1;
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
 	buffer = read_sha1_file(item->object.sha1, &type, &size);
@@ -386,6 +325,14 @@ struct commit_list *commit_list_insert(struct commit *item, struct commit_list *
 	return new_list;
 }
 
+unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l)
+{
+	unsigned c = 0;
+	for (; l; l = l->next )
+		c++;
+	return c;
+}
+
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
 {
 	while (list) {
@@ -408,7 +355,7 @@ struct commit_list * insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **li
 	return commit_list_insert(item, pp);
 }
 
-	
+
 void sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
 {
 	struct commit_list *ret = NULL;
@@ -431,8 +378,7 @@ struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
 
 	while (parents) {
 		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
-		parse_commit(commit);
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
+		if (!parse_commit(commit) && !(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
 			commit->object.flags |= mark;
 			insert_by_date(commit, list);
 		}
@@ -443,660 +389,23 @@ struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
 
 void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parents;
-
-	commit->object.flags &= ~mark;
-	parents = commit->parents;
-	while (parents) {
-		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
-
-		/* Have we already cleared this? */
-		if (mark & parent->object.flags)
-			clear_commit_marks(parent, mark);
-		parents = parents->next;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Generic support for pretty-printing the header
- */
-static int get_one_line(const char *msg, unsigned long len)
-{
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	while (len--) {
-		char c = *msg++;
-		if (!c)
-			break;
-		ret++;
-		if (c == '\n')
-			break;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/* High bit set, or ISO-2022-INT */
-static int non_ascii(int ch)
-{
-	ch = (ch & 0xff);
-	return ((ch & 0x80) || (ch == 0x1b));
-}
-
-static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
-{
-	return (non_ascii(ch) || (ch == '=') || (ch == '?') || (ch == '_'));
-}
-
-static int add_rfc2047(char *buf, const char *line, int len,
-		       const char *encoding)
-{
-	char *bp = buf;
-	int i, needquote;
-	char q_encoding[128];
-	const char *q_encoding_fmt = "=?%s?q?";
-
-	for (i = needquote = 0; !needquote && i < len; i++) {
-		int ch = line[i];
-		if (non_ascii(ch))
-			needquote++;
-		if ((i + 1 < len) &&
-		    (ch == '=' && line[i+1] == '?'))
-			needquote++;
-	}
-	if (!needquote)
-		return sprintf(buf, "%.*s", len, line);
-
-	i = snprintf(q_encoding, sizeof(q_encoding), q_encoding_fmt, encoding);
-	if (sizeof(q_encoding) < i)
-		die("Insanely long encoding name %s", encoding);
-	memcpy(bp, q_encoding, i);
-	bp += i;
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
-		if (is_rfc2047_special(ch)) {
-			sprintf(bp, "=%02X", ch);
-			bp += 3;
-		}
-		else if (ch == ' ')
-			*bp++ = '_';
-		else
-			*bp++ = ch;
-	}
-	memcpy(bp, "?=", 2);
-	bp += 2;
-	return bp - buf;
-}
-
-static int add_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, char *buf,
-			 const char *line, int relative_date,
-			 const char *encoding)
-{
-	char *date;
-	int namelen;
-	unsigned long time;
-	int tz, ret;
-	const char *filler = "    ";
-
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-		return 0;
-	date = strchr(line, '>');
-	if (!date)
-		return 0;
-	namelen = ++date - line;
-	time = strtoul(date, &date, 10);
-	tz = strtol(date, NULL, 10);
-
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		char *name_tail = strchr(line, '<');
-		int display_name_length;
-		if (!name_tail)
-			return 0;
-		while (line < name_tail && isspace(name_tail[-1]))
-			name_tail--;
-		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
-		filler = "";
-		strcpy(buf, "From: ");
-		ret = strlen(buf);
-		ret += add_rfc2047(buf + ret, line, display_name_length,
-				   encoding);
-		memcpy(buf + ret, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
-		ret += namelen - display_name_length;
-		buf[ret++] = '\n';
-	}
-	else {
-		ret = sprintf(buf, "%s: %.*s%.*s\n", what,
-			      (fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0,
-			      filler, namelen, line);
-	}
-	switch (fmt) {
-	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
-		ret += sprintf(buf + ret, "Date:   %s\n",
-			       show_date(time, tz, relative_date));
-		break;
-	case CMIT_FMT_EMAIL:
-		ret += sprintf(buf + ret, "Date: %s\n",
-			       show_rfc2822_date(time, tz));
-		break;
-	case CMIT_FMT_FULLER:
-		ret += sprintf(buf + ret, "%sDate: %s\n", what,
-			       show_date(time, tz, relative_date));
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* notin' */
-		break;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int is_empty_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
-{
-	int len = *len_p;
-	while (len && isspace(line[len-1]))
-		len--;
-	*len_p = len;
-	return !len;
-}
-
-static int add_merge_info(enum cmit_fmt fmt, char *buf, const struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
-{
-	struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
-	int offset;
-
-	if ((fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) || (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ||
-	    !parent || !parent->next)
-		return 0;
-
-	offset = sprintf(buf, "Merge:");
-
-	while (parent) {
-		struct commit *p = parent->item;
-		const char *hex = NULL;
-		const char *dots;
-		if (abbrev)
-			hex = find_unique_abbrev(p->object.sha1, abbrev);
-		if (!hex)
-			hex = sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1);
-		dots = (abbrev && strlen(hex) != 40) ?  "..." : "";
-		parent = parent->next;
-
-		offset += sprintf(buf + offset, " %s%s", hex, dots);
-	}
-	buf[offset++] = '\n';
-	return offset;
-}
-
-static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *key)
-{
-	int key_len = strlen(key);
-	const char *line = commit->buffer;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		const char *eol = strchr(line, '\n'), *next;
-
-		if (line == eol)
-			return NULL;
-		if (!eol) {
-			eol = line + strlen(line);
-			next = NULL;
-		} else
-			next = eol + 1;
-		if (!strncmp(line, key, key_len) && line[key_len] == ' ') {
-			int len = eol - line - key_len;
-			char *ret = xmalloc(len);
-			memcpy(ret, line + key_len + 1, len - 1);
-			ret[len - 1] = '\0';
-			return ret;
-		}
-		line = next;
-	}
-}
-
-static char *replace_encoding_header(char *buf, const char *encoding)
-{
-	char *encoding_header = strstr(buf, "\nencoding ");
-	char *header_end = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-	char *end_of_encoding_header;
-	int encoding_header_pos;
-	int encoding_header_len;
-	int new_len;
-	int need_len;
-	int buflen = strlen(buf) + 1;
-
-	if (!header_end)
-		header_end = buf + buflen;
-	if (!encoding_header || encoding_header >= header_end)
-		return buf;
-	encoding_header++;
-	end_of_encoding_header = strchr(encoding_header, '\n');
-	if (!end_of_encoding_header)
-		return buf; /* should not happen but be defensive */
-	end_of_encoding_header++;
-
-	encoding_header_len = end_of_encoding_header - encoding_header;
-	encoding_header_pos = encoding_header - buf;
-
-	if (is_encoding_utf8(encoding)) {
-		/* we have re-coded to UTF-8; drop the header */
-		memmove(encoding_header, end_of_encoding_header,
-			buflen - (encoding_header_pos + encoding_header_len));
-		return buf;
-	}
-	new_len = strlen(encoding);
-	need_len = new_len + strlen("encoding \n");
-	if (encoding_header_len < need_len) {
-		buf = xrealloc(buf, buflen + (need_len - encoding_header_len));
-		encoding_header = buf + encoding_header_pos;
-		end_of_encoding_header = encoding_header + encoding_header_len;
-	}
-	memmove(end_of_encoding_header + (need_len - encoding_header_len),
-		end_of_encoding_header,
-		buflen - (encoding_header_pos + encoding_header_len));
-	memcpy(encoding_header + 9, encoding, strlen(encoding));
-	encoding_header[9 + new_len] = '\n';
-	return buf;
-}
-
-static char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
-			     const char *output_encoding)
-{
-	static const char *utf8 = "utf-8";
-	const char *use_encoding;
-	char *encoding;
-	char *out;
-
-	if (!*output_encoding)
-		return NULL;
-	encoding = get_header(commit, "encoding");
-	use_encoding = encoding ? encoding : utf8;
-	if (!strcmp(use_encoding, output_encoding))
-		out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-	else
-		out = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
-				      output_encoding, use_encoding);
-	if (out)
-		out = replace_encoding_header(out, output_encoding);
-
-	free(encoding);
-	return out;
-}
-
-static char *xstrndup(const char *text, int len)
-{
-	char *result = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	memcpy(result, text, len);
-	result[len] = '\0';
-	return result;
-}
-
-static void fill_person(struct interp *table, const char *msg, int len)
-{
-	int start, end, tz = 0;
-	unsigned long date;
-	char *ep;
-
-	/* parse name */
-	for (end = 0; end < len && msg[end] != '<'; end++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	start = end + 1;
-	while (end > 0 && isspace(msg[end - 1]))
-		end--;
-	table[0].value = xstrndup(msg, end);
-
-	if (start >= len)
-		return;
-
-	/* parse email */
-	for (end = start + 1; end < len && msg[end] != '>'; end++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-
-	if (end >= len)
-		return;
-
-	table[1].value = xstrndup(msg + start, end - start);
-
-	/* parse date */
-	for (start = end + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	if (start >= len)
-		return;
-	date = strtoul(msg + start, &ep, 10);
-	if (msg + start == ep)
-		return;
-
-	table[5].value = xstrndup(msg + start, ep - (msg + start));
-
-	/* parse tz */
-	for (start = ep - msg + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	if (start + 1 < len) {
-		tz = strtoul(msg + start + 1, NULL, 10);
-		if (msg[start] == '-')
-			tz = -tz;
-	}
-
-	interp_set_entry(table, 2, show_date(date, tz, 0));
-	interp_set_entry(table, 3, show_rfc2822_date(date, tz));
-	interp_set_entry(table, 4, show_date(date, tz, 1));
-}
-
-static long format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-		const char *msg, char *buf, unsigned long space)
-{
-	struct interp table[] = {
-		{ "%H" },	/* commit hash */
-		{ "%h" },	/* abbreviated commit hash */
-		{ "%T" },	/* tree hash */
-		{ "%t" },	/* abbreviated tree hash */
-		{ "%P" },	/* parent hashes */
-		{ "%p" },	/* abbreviated parent hashes */
-		{ "%an" },	/* author name */
-		{ "%ae" },	/* author email */
-		{ "%ad" },	/* author date */
-		{ "%aD" },	/* author date, RFC2822 style */
-		{ "%ar" },	/* author date, relative */
-		{ "%at" },	/* author date, UNIX timestamp */
-		{ "%cn" },	/* committer name */
-		{ "%ce" },	/* committer email */
-		{ "%cd" },	/* committer date */
-		{ "%cD" },	/* committer date, RFC2822 style */
-		{ "%cr" },	/* committer date, relative */
-		{ "%ct" },	/* committer date, UNIX timestamp */
-		{ "%e" },	/* encoding */
-		{ "%s" },	/* subject */
-		{ "%b" },	/* body */
-		{ "%Cred" },	/* red */
-		{ "%Cgreen" },	/* green */
-		{ "%Cblue" },	/* blue */
-		{ "%Creset" },	/* reset color */
-		{ "%n" }	/* newline */
-	};
-	enum interp_index {
-		IHASH = 0, IHASH_ABBREV,
-		ITREE, ITREE_ABBREV,
-		IPARENTS, IPARENTS_ABBREV,
-		IAUTHOR_NAME, IAUTHOR_EMAIL,
-		IAUTHOR_DATE, IAUTHOR_DATE_RFC2822, IAUTHOR_DATE_RELATIVE,
-		IAUTHOR_TIMESTAMP,
-		ICOMMITTER_NAME, ICOMMITTER_EMAIL,
-		ICOMMITTER_DATE, ICOMMITTER_DATE_RFC2822,
-		ICOMMITTER_DATE_RELATIVE, ICOMMITTER_TIMESTAMP,
-		IENCODING,
-		ISUBJECT,
-		IBODY,
-		IRED, IGREEN, IBLUE, IRESET_COLOR,
-		INEWLINE
-	};
-	struct commit_list *p;
-	char parents[1024];
-	int i;
-	enum { HEADER, SUBJECT, BODY } state;
-
-	if (INEWLINE + 1 != ARRAY_SIZE(table))
-		die("invalid interp table!");
-
-	/* these are independent of the commit */
-	interp_set_entry(table, IRED, "\033[31m");
-	interp_set_entry(table, IGREEN, "\033[32m");
-	interp_set_entry(table, IBLUE, "\033[34m");
-	interp_set_entry(table, IRESET_COLOR, "\033[m");
-	interp_set_entry(table, INEWLINE, "\n");
-
-	/* these depend on the commit */
-	if (!commit->object.parsed)
-		parse_object(commit->object.sha1);
-	interp_set_entry(table, IHASH, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	interp_set_entry(table, IHASH_ABBREV,
-			find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
-				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	interp_set_entry(table, ITREE, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
-	interp_set_entry(table, ITREE_ABBREV,
-			find_unique_abbrev(commit->tree->object.sha1,
-				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-
-	parents[1] = 0;
-	for (i = 0, p = commit->parents;
-			p && i < sizeof(parents) - 1;
-			p = p->next)
-		i += snprintf(parents + i, sizeof(parents) - i - 1, " %s",
-			sha1_to_hex(p->item->object.sha1));
-	interp_set_entry(table, IPARENTS, parents + 1);
-
-	parents[1] = 0;
-	for (i = 0, p = commit->parents;
-			p && i < sizeof(parents) - 1;
-			p = p->next)
-		i += snprintf(parents + i, sizeof(parents) - i - 1, " %s",
-			find_unique_abbrev(p->item->object.sha1,
-				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	interp_set_entry(table, IPARENTS_ABBREV, parents + 1);
-
-	for (i = 0, state = HEADER; msg[i] && state < BODY; i++) {
-		int eol;
-		for (eol = i; msg[eol] && msg[eol] != '\n'; eol++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-
-		if (state == SUBJECT) {
-			table[ISUBJECT].value = xstrndup(msg + i, eol - i);
-			i = eol;
-		}
-		if (i == eol) {
-			state++;
-			/* strip empty lines */
-			while (msg[eol + 1] == '\n')
-				eol++;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "author "))
-			fill_person(table + IAUTHOR_NAME,
-					msg + i + 7, eol - i - 7);
-		else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "committer "))
-			fill_person(table + ICOMMITTER_NAME,
-					msg + i + 10, eol - i - 10);
-		else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "encoding "))
-			table[IENCODING].value =
-				xstrndup(msg + i + 9, eol - i - 9);
-		i = eol;
-	}
-	if (msg[i])
-		table[IBODY].value = xstrdup(msg + i);
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(table); i++)
-		if (!table[i].value)
-			interp_set_entry(table, i, "<unknown>");
-
-	interpolate(buf, space, user_format, table, ARRAY_SIZE(table));
-	interp_clear_table(table, ARRAY_SIZE(table));
-
-	return strlen(buf);
-}
-
-unsigned long pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
-				  const struct commit *commit,
-				  unsigned long len,
-				  char *buf, unsigned long space,
-				  int abbrev, const char *subject,
-				  const char *after_subject,
-				  int relative_date)
-{
-	int hdr = 1, body = 0, seen_title = 0;
-	unsigned long offset = 0;
-	int indent = 4;
-	int parents_shown = 0;
-	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
-	int plain_non_ascii = 0;
-	char *reencoded;
-	const char *encoding;
-
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT)
-		return format_commit_message(commit, msg, buf, space);
-
-	encoding = (git_log_output_encoding
-		    ? git_log_output_encoding
-		    : git_commit_encoding);
-	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "utf-8";
-	reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
-	if (reencoded)
-		msg = reencoded;
-
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
-		indent = 0;
-
-	/* After-subject is used to pass in Content-Type: multipart
-	 * MIME header; in that case we do not have to do the
-	 * plaintext content type even if the commit message has
-	 * non 7-bit ASCII character.  Otherwise, check if we need
-	 * to say this is not a 7-bit ASCII.
-	 */
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && !after_subject) {
-		int i, ch, in_body;
-
-		for (in_body = i = 0; (ch = msg[i]) && i < len; i++) {
-			if (!in_body) {
-				/* author could be non 7-bit ASCII but
-				 * the log may be so; skip over the
-				 * header part first.
-				 */
-				if (ch == '\n' &&
-				    i + 1 < len && msg[i+1] == '\n')
-					in_body = 1;
-			}
-			else if (non_ascii(ch)) {
-				plain_non_ascii = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (;;) {
-		const char *line = msg;
-		int linelen = get_one_line(msg, len);
-
-		if (!linelen)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * We want some slop for indentation and a possible
-		 * final "...". Thus the "+ 20".
-		 */
-		if (offset + linelen + 20 > space) {
-			memcpy(buf + offset, "    ...\n", 8);
-			offset += 8;
-			break;
-		}
+	while (commit) {
+		struct commit_list *parents;
 
-		msg += linelen;
-		len -= linelen;
-		if (hdr) {
-			if (linelen == 1) {
-				hdr = 0;
-				if ((fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) && !subject)
-					buf[offset++] = '\n';
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_RAW) {
-				memcpy(buf + offset, line, linelen);
-				offset += linelen;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!memcmp(line, "parent ", 7)) {
-				if (linelen != 48)
-					die("bad parent line in commit");
-				continue;
-			}
+		if (!(mark & commit->object.flags))
+			return;
 
-			if (!parents_shown) {
-				offset += add_merge_info(fmt, buf + offset,
-							 commit, abbrev);
-				parents_shown = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			/*
-			 * MEDIUM == DEFAULT shows only author with dates.
-			 * FULL shows both authors but not dates.
-			 * FULLER shows both authors and dates.
-			 */
-			if (!memcmp(line, "author ", 7))
-				offset += add_user_info("Author", fmt,
-							buf + offset,
-							line + 7,
-							relative_date,
-							encoding);
-			if (!memcmp(line, "committer ", 10) &&
-			    (fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULL || fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER))
-				offset += add_user_info("Commit", fmt,
-							buf + offset,
-							line + 10,
-							relative_date,
-							encoding);
-			continue;
-		}
+		commit->object.flags &= ~mark;
 
-		if (!subject)
-			body = 1;
+		parents = commit->parents;
+		if (!parents)
+			return;
 
-		if (is_empty_line(line, &linelen)) {
-			if (!seen_title)
-				continue;
-			if (!body)
-				continue;
-			if (subject)
-				continue;
-			if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_SHORT)
-				break;
-		}
+		while ((parents = parents->next))
+			clear_commit_marks(parents->item, mark);
 
-		seen_title = 1;
-		if (subject) {
-			int slen = strlen(subject);
-			memcpy(buf + offset, subject, slen);
-			offset += slen;
-			offset += add_rfc2047(buf + offset, line, linelen,
-					      encoding);
-		}
-		else {
-			memset(buf + offset, ' ', indent);
-			memcpy(buf + offset + indent, line, linelen);
-			offset += linelen + indent;
-		}
-		buf[offset++] = '\n';
-		if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-			break;
-		if (subject && plain_non_ascii) {
-			int sz;
-			char header[512];
-			const char *header_fmt =
-				"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%s\n"
-				"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
-			sz = snprintf(header, sizeof(header), header_fmt,
-				      encoding);
-			if (sizeof(header) < sz)
-				die("Encoding name %s too long", encoding);
-			memcpy(buf + offset, header, sz);
-			offset += sz;
-		}
-		if (after_subject) {
-			int slen = strlen(after_subject);
-			if (slen > space - offset - 1)
-				slen = space - offset - 1;
-			memcpy(buf + offset, after_subject, slen);
-			offset += slen;
-			after_subject = NULL;
-		}
-		subject = NULL;
+		commit = commit->parents->item;
 	}
-	while (offset && isspace(buf[offset-1]))
-		offset--;
-	/* Make sure there is an EOLN for the non-oneline case */
-	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-		buf[offset++] = '\n';
-	/*
-	 * make sure there is another EOLN to separate the headers from whatever
-	 * body the caller appends if we haven't already written a body
-	 */
-	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && !body)
-		buf[offset++] = '\n';
-	buf[offset] = '\0';
-
-	free(reencoded);
-	return offset;
 }
 
 struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack)
@@ -1111,134 +420,94 @@ struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack)
 	return item;
 }
 
-int count_parents(struct commit * commit)
-{
-        int count;
-        struct commit_list * parents = commit->parents;
-        for (count = 0; parents; parents = parents->next,count++)
-		;
-        return count;
-}
-
-void topo_sort_default_setter(struct commit *c, void *data)
-{
-	c->util = data;
-}
-
-void *topo_sort_default_getter(struct commit *c)
-{
-	return c->util;
-}
-
 /*
  * Performs an in-place topological sort on the list supplied.
  */
 void sort_in_topological_order(struct commit_list ** list, int lifo)
 {
-	sort_in_topological_order_fn(list, lifo, topo_sort_default_setter,
-				     topo_sort_default_getter);
-}
+	struct commit_list *next, *orig = *list;
+	struct commit_list *work, **insert;
+	struct commit_list **pptr;
 
-void sort_in_topological_order_fn(struct commit_list ** list, int lifo,
-				  topo_sort_set_fn_t setter,
-				  topo_sort_get_fn_t getter)
-{
-	struct commit_list * next = *list;
-	struct commit_list * work = NULL, **insert;
-	struct commit_list ** pptr = list;
-	struct sort_node * nodes;
-	struct sort_node * next_nodes;
-	int count = 0;
-
-	/* determine the size of the list */
-	while (next) {
-		next = next->next;
-		count++;
-	}
-	
-	if (!count)
+	if (!orig)
 		return;
-	/* allocate an array to help sort the list */
-	nodes = xcalloc(count, sizeof(*nodes));
-	/* link the list to the array */
-	next_nodes = nodes;
-	next=*list;
-	while (next) {
-		next_nodes->list_item = next;
-		setter(next->item, next_nodes);
-		next_nodes++;
-		next = next->next;
+	*list = NULL;
+
+	/* Mark them and clear the indegree */
+	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = next->item;
+		commit->indegree = 1;
 	}
+
 	/* update the indegree */
-	next=*list;
-	while (next) {
+	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
 		struct commit_list * parents = next->item->parents;
 		while (parents) {
-			struct commit * parent=parents->item;
-			struct sort_node * pn = (struct sort_node *) getter(parent);
+			struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 
-			if (pn)
-				pn->indegree++;
-			parents=parents->next;
+			if (parent->indegree)
+				parent->indegree++;
+			parents = parents->next;
 		}
-		next=next->next;
 	}
-	/* 
-         * find the tips
-         *
-         * tips are nodes not reachable from any other node in the list 
-         * 
-         * the tips serve as a starting set for the work queue.
-         */
-	next=*list;
+
+	/*
+	 * find the tips
+	 *
+	 * tips are nodes not reachable from any other node in the list
+	 *
+	 * the tips serve as a starting set for the work queue.
+	 */
+	work = NULL;
 	insert = &work;
-	while (next) {
-		struct sort_node * node = (struct sort_node *) getter(next->item);
+	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = next->item;
 
-		if (node->indegree == 0) {
-			insert = &commit_list_insert(next->item, insert)->next;
-		}
-		next=next->next;
+		if (commit->indegree == 1)
+			insert = &commit_list_insert(commit, insert)->next;
 	}
 
 	/* process the list in topological order */
 	if (!lifo)
 		sort_by_date(&work);
+
+	pptr = list;
+	*list = NULL;
 	while (work) {
-		struct commit * work_item = pop_commit(&work);
-		struct sort_node * work_node = (struct sort_node *) getter(work_item);
-		struct commit_list * parents = work_item->parents;
+		struct commit *commit;
+		struct commit_list *parents, *work_item;
 
-		while (parents) {
-			struct commit * parent=parents->item;
-			struct sort_node * pn = (struct sort_node *) getter(parent);
-
-			if (pn) {
-				/*
-				 * parents are only enqueued for emission 
-                                 * when all their children have been emitted thereby
-                                 * guaranteeing topological order.
-                                 */
-				pn->indegree--;
-				if (!pn->indegree) {
-					if (!lifo)
-						insert_by_date(parent, &work);
-					else
-						commit_list_insert(parent, &work);
-				}
+		work_item = work;
+		work = work_item->next;
+		work_item->next = NULL;
+
+		commit = work_item->item;
+		for (parents = commit->parents; parents ; parents = parents->next) {
+			struct commit *parent=parents->item;
+
+			if (!parent->indegree)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * parents are only enqueued for emission
+			 * when all their children have been emitted thereby
+			 * guaranteeing topological order.
+			 */
+			if (--parent->indegree == 1) {
+				if (!lifo)
+					insert_by_date(parent, &work);
+				else
+					commit_list_insert(parent, &work);
 			}
-			parents=parents->next;
 		}
 		/*
-                 * work_item is a commit all of whose children
-                 * have already been emitted. we can emit it now.
-                 */
-		*pptr = work_node->list_item;
-		pptr = &(*pptr)->next;
-		*pptr = NULL;
-		setter(work_item, NULL);
+		 * work_item is a commit all of whose children
+		 * have already been emitted. we can emit it now.
+		 */
+		commit->indegree = 0;
+		*pptr = work_item;
+		pptr = &work_item->next;
 	}
-	free(nodes);
 }
 
 /* merge-base stuff */
@@ -1263,24 +532,34 @@ static struct commit *interesting(struct commit_list *list)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct commit_list *merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two)
+static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
+	int i;
 
-	if (one == two)
-		/* We do not mark this even with RESULT so we do not
-		 * have to clean it up.
-		 */
-		return commit_list_insert(one, &result);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (one == twos[i])
+			/*
+			 * We do not mark this even with RESULT so we do not
+			 * have to clean it up.
+			 */
+			return commit_list_insert(one, &result);
+	}
 
-	parse_commit(one);
-	parse_commit(two);
+	if (parse_commit(one))
+		return NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (parse_commit(twos[i]))
+			return NULL;
+	}
 
 	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
-	two->object.flags |= PARENT2;
 	insert_by_date(one, &list);
-	insert_by_date(two, &list);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		twos[i]->object.flags |= PARENT2;
+		insert_by_date(twos[i], &list);
+	}
 
 	while (interesting(list)) {
 		struct commit *commit;
@@ -1308,7 +587,8 @@ static struct commit_list *merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two)
 			parents = parents->next;
 			if ((p->object.flags & flags) == flags)
 				continue;
-			parse_commit(p);
+			if (parse_commit(p))
+				return NULL;
 			p->object.flags |= flags;
 			insert_by_date(p, &list);
 		}
@@ -1327,22 +607,53 @@ static struct commit_list *merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two)
 	return result;
 }
 
-struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one,
-				    struct commit *two,
-                                    int cleanup)
+struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in)
+{
+	struct commit_list *i, *j, *k, *ret = NULL;
+	struct commit_list **pptr = &ret;
+
+	for (i = in; i; i = i->next) {
+		if (!ret)
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(i->item, pptr)->next;
+		else {
+			struct commit_list *new = NULL, *end = NULL;
+
+			for (j = ret; j; j = j->next) {
+				struct commit_list *bases;
+				bases = get_merge_bases(i->item, j->item, 1);
+				if (!new)
+					new = bases;
+				else
+					end->next = bases;
+				for (k = bases; k; k = k->next)
+					end = k;
+			}
+			ret = new;
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one,
+					 int n,
+					 struct commit **twos,
+					 int cleanup)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list;
 	struct commit **rslt;
 	struct commit_list *result;
 	int cnt, i, j;
 
-	result = merge_bases(one, two);
-	if (one == two)
-		return result;
+	result = merge_bases_many(one, n, twos);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (one == twos[i])
+			return result;
+	}
 	if (!result || !result->next) {
 		if (cleanup) {
 			clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
-			clear_commit_marks(two, all_flags);
+			for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+				clear_commit_marks(twos[i], all_flags);
 		}
 		return result;
 	}
@@ -1360,12 +671,13 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one,
 	free_commit_list(result);
 
 	clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
-	clear_commit_marks(two, all_flags);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		clear_commit_marks(twos[i], all_flags);
 	for (i = 0; i < cnt - 1; i++) {
 		for (j = i+1; j < cnt; j++) {
 			if (!rslt[i] || !rslt[j])
 				continue;
-			result = merge_bases(rslt[i], rslt[j]);
+			result = merge_bases_many(rslt[i], 1, &rslt[j]);
 			clear_commit_marks(rslt[i], all_flags);
 			clear_commit_marks(rslt[j], all_flags);
 			for (list = result; list; list = list->next) {
@@ -1387,6 +699,27 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one,
 	return result;
 }
 
+struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two,
+				    int cleanup)
+{
+	return get_merge_bases_many(one, 1, &two, cleanup);
+}
+
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
+{
+	if (!with_commit)
+		return 1;
+	while (with_commit) {
+		struct commit *other;
+
+		other = with_commit->item;
+		with_commit = with_commit->next;
+		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit **reference, int num)
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases, *b;
@@ -1406,3 +739,55 @@ int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit **reference, int num)
 	free_commit_list(bases);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	struct commit_list *result = NULL, **tail = &result;
+	struct commit **other;
+	size_t num_head, num_other;
+
+	if (!heads)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Avoid unnecessary reallocations */
+	for (p = heads, num_head = 0; p; p = p->next)
+		num_head++;
+	other = xcalloc(sizeof(*other), num_head);
+
+	/* For each commit, see if it can be reached by others */
+	for (p = heads; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit_list *q, *base;
+
+		/* Do we already have this in the result? */
+		for (q = result; q; q = q->next)
+			if (p->item == q->item)
+				break;
+		if (q)
+			continue;
+
+		num_other = 0;
+		for (q = heads; q; q = q->next) {
+			if (p->item == q->item)
+				continue;
+			other[num_other++] = q->item;
+		}
+		if (num_other)
+			base = get_merge_bases_many(p->item, num_other, other, 1);
+		else
+			base = NULL;
+		/*
+		 * If p->item does not have anything common with other
+		 * commits, there won't be any merge base.  If it is
+		 * reachable from some of the others, p->item will be
+		 * the merge base.  If its history is connected with
+		 * others, but p->item is not reachable by others, we
+		 * will get something other than p->item back.
+		 */
+		if (!base || (base->item != p->item))
+			tail = &(commit_list_insert(p->item, tail)->next);
+		free_commit_list(base);
+	}
+	free(other);
+	return result;
+}
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 83507a07e4..ba9f63813e 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
 
 struct commit_list {
 	struct commit *item;
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@ struct commit_list {
 struct commit {
 	struct object object;
 	void *util;
+	unsigned int indegree;
 	unsigned long date;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
 	struct tree *tree;
@@ -21,6 +24,13 @@ struct commit {
 extern int save_commit_buffer;
 extern const char *commit_type;
 
+/* While we can decorate any object with a name, it's only used for commits.. */
+extern struct decoration name_decoration;
+struct name_decoration {
+	struct name_decoration *next;
+	char name[1];
+};
+
 struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1);
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1);
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -31,6 +41,7 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 int parse_commit(struct commit *item);
 
 struct commit_list * commit_list_insert(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list_p);
+unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l);
 struct commit_list * insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list);
 
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list);
@@ -52,49 +63,54 @@ enum cmit_fmt {
 	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED,
 };
 
-extern enum cmit_fmt get_commit_format(const char *arg);
-extern unsigned long pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *, unsigned long len, char *buf, unsigned long space, int abbrev, const char *subject, const char *after_subject, int relative_date);
+extern int non_ascii(int);
+struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
+extern char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
+				     const char **encoding_p);
+extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
+extern void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
+				  const void *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+				  enum date_mode dmode);
+extern void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit*,
+                                struct strbuf *,
+                                int abbrev, const char *subject,
+                                const char *after_subject, enum date_mode,
+				int need_8bit_cte);
+void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
+		   const char *line, enum date_mode dmode,
+		   const char *encoding);
+void pp_title_line(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
+		   const char **msg_p,
+		   struct strbuf *sb,
+		   const char *subject,
+		   const char *after_subject,
+		   const char *encoding,
+		   int need_8bit_cte);
+void pp_remainder(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
+		  const char **msg_p,
+		  struct strbuf *sb,
+		  int indent);
+
 
 /** Removes the first commit from a list sorted by date, and adds all
  * of its parents.
  **/
-struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list, 
+struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
 				      unsigned int mark);
 
 struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack);
 
 void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark);
 
-int count_parents(struct commit * commit);
-
 /*
  * Performs an in-place topological sort of list supplied.
  *
- * Pre-conditions for sort_in_topological_order:
- *   all commits in input list and all parents of those
- *   commits must have object.util == NULL
- *
- * Pre-conditions for sort_in_topological_order_fn:
- *   all commits in input list and all parents of those
- *   commits must have getter(commit) == NULL
- *
- * Post-conditions:
  *   invariant of resulting list is:
  *      a reachable from b => ord(b) < ord(a)
  *   in addition, when lifo == 0, commits on parallel tracks are
  *   sorted in the dates order.
  */
-
-typedef void (*topo_sort_set_fn_t)(struct commit*, void *data);
-typedef void* (*topo_sort_get_fn_t)(struct commit*);
-
-void topo_sort_default_setter(struct commit *c, void *data);
-void *topo_sort_default_getter(struct commit *c);
-
 void sort_in_topological_order(struct commit_list ** list, int lifo);
-void sort_in_topological_order_fn(struct commit_list ** list, int lifo,
-				  topo_sort_set_fn_t setter,
-				  topo_sort_get_fn_t getter);
 
 struct commit_graft {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -104,9 +120,11 @@ struct commit_graft {
 
 struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len);
 int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *, int);
-int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file);
+struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *rev2, int cleanup);
+extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos, int cleanup);
+extern struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in);
 
 extern int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
@@ -115,5 +133,16 @@ extern int is_repository_shallow(void);
 extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads,
 		int depth, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
 
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *, struct commit_list *);
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit **, int);
+
+extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+
+static inline int single_parent(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return commit->parents && !commit->parents->next;
+}
+
+struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads);
+
 #endif /* COMMIT_H */
diff --git a/compat/basename.c b/compat/basename.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8f8a3c6dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/basename.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/* Adapted from libiberty's basename.c.  */
+char *gitbasename (char *path)
+{
+	const char *base;
+	/* Skip over the disk name in MSDOS pathnames. */
+	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
+		path += 2;
+	for (base = path; *path; path++) {
+		if (is_dir_sep(*path))
+			base = path + 1;
+	}
+	return (char *)base;
+}
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.c b/compat/cygwin.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b4a51b958c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/cygwin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "win32.h"
+#include "../cache.h" /* to read configuration */
+
+static inline void filetime_to_timespec(const FILETIME *ft, struct timespec *ts)
+{
+	long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) +
+			ft->dwLowDateTime;
+	winTime -= 116444736000000000LL; /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
+	/* convert 100-nsecond interval to seconds and nanoseconds */
+	ts->tv_sec = (time_t)(winTime/10000000);
+	ts->tv_nsec = (long)(winTime - ts->tv_sec*10000000LL) * 100;
+}
+
+#define size_to_blocks(s) (((s)+511)/512)
+
+/* do_stat is a common implementation for cygwin_lstat and cygwin_stat.
+ *
+ * To simplify its logic, in the case of cygwin symlinks, this implementation
+ * falls back to the cygwin version of stat/lstat, which is provided as the
+ * last argument.
+ */
+static int do_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf, stat_fn_t cygstat)
+{
+	WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
+
+	if (file_name[0] == '/')
+		return cygstat (file_name, buf);
+
+	if (!(errno = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
+		/*
+		 * If the system attribute is set and it is not a directory then
+		 * it could be a symbol link created in the nowinsymlinks mode.
+		 * Normally, Cygwin works in the winsymlinks mode, so this situation
+		 * is very unlikely. For the sake of simplicity of our code, let's
+		 * Cygwin to handle it.
+		 */
+		if ((fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM) &&
+		    !(fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
+			return cygstat(file_name, buf);
+
+		/* fill out the stat structure */
+		buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
+		buf->st_ino = 0;
+		buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
+		buf->st_nlink = 1;
+		buf->st_uid = buf->st_gid = 0;
+#ifdef __CYGWIN_USE_BIG_TYPES__
+		buf->st_size = ((_off64_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh << 32) +
+			fdata.nFileSizeLow;
+#else
+		buf->st_size = (off_t)fdata.nFileSizeLow;
+#endif
+		buf->st_blocks = size_to_blocks(buf->st_size);
+		filetime_to_timespec(&fdata.ftLastAccessTime, &buf->st_atim);
+		filetime_to_timespec(&fdata.ftLastWriteTime, &buf->st_mtim);
+		filetime_to_timespec(&fdata.ftCreationTime, &buf->st_ctim);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
+		/*
+		 * In the winsymlinks mode (which is the default), Cygwin
+		 * emulates symbol links using Windows shortcut files. These
+		 * files are formed by adding .lnk extension. So, if we have
+		 * not found the specified file name, it could be that it is
+		 * a symbol link. Let's Cygwin to deal with that.
+		 */
+		return cygstat(file_name, buf);
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/* We provide our own lstat/stat functions, since the provided Cygwin versions
+ * of these functions are too slow. These stat functions are tailored for Git's
+ * usage, and therefore they are not meant to be complete and correct emulation
+ * of lstat/stat functionality.
+ */
+static int cygwin_lstat(const char *path, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	return do_stat(path, buf, lstat);
+}
+
+static int cygwin_stat(const char *path, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	return do_stat(path, buf, stat);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * At start up, we are trying to determine whether Win32 API or cygwin stat
+ * functions should be used. The choice is determined by core.ignorecygwinfstricks.
+ * Reading this option is not always possible immediately as git_dir may
+ * not be set yet. So until it is set, use cygwin lstat/stat functions.
+ * However, if core.filemode is set, we must use the Cygwin posix
+ * stat/lstat as the Windows stat functions do not determine posix filemode.
+ *
+ * Note that git_cygwin_config() does NOT call git_default_config() and this
+ * is deliberate.  Many commands read from config to establish initial
+ * values in variables and later tweak them from elsewhere (e.g. command line).
+ * init_stat() is called lazily on demand, typically much late in the program,
+ * and calling git_default_config() from here would break such variables.
+ */
+static int native_stat = 1;
+static int core_filemode;
+
+static int git_cygwin_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.ignorecygwinfstricks"))
+		native_stat = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "core.filemode"))
+		core_filemode = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int init_stat(void)
+{
+	if (have_git_dir()) {
+		git_config(git_cygwin_config, NULL);
+		if (!core_filemode && native_stat) {
+			cygwin_stat_fn = cygwin_stat;
+			cygwin_lstat_fn = cygwin_lstat;
+		} else {
+			cygwin_stat_fn = stat;
+			cygwin_lstat_fn = lstat;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int cygwin_stat_stub(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	return (init_stat() ? stat : *cygwin_stat_fn)(file_name, buf);
+}
+
+static int cygwin_lstat_stub(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	return (init_stat() ? lstat : *cygwin_lstat_fn)(file_name, buf);
+}
+
+stat_fn_t cygwin_stat_fn = cygwin_stat_stub;
+stat_fn_t cygwin_lstat_fn = cygwin_lstat_stub;
+
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.h b/compat/cygwin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3229f5b4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/cygwin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+typedef int (*stat_fn_t)(const char*, struct stat*);
+extern stat_fn_t cygwin_stat_fn;
+extern stat_fn_t cygwin_lstat_fn;
+
+#define stat(path, buf) (*cygwin_stat_fn)(path, buf)
+#define lstat(path, buf) (*cygwin_lstat_fn)(path, buf)
diff --git a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14feac7fe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+/* Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
+   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
+   License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Library General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+   License along with this library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not,
+   write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+   Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+
+#if HAVE_CONFIG_H
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+/* Enable GNU extensions in fnmatch.h.  */
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+# define _GNU_SOURCE	1
+#endif
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fnmatch.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#if HAVE_STRING_H || defined _LIBC
+# include <string.h>
+#else
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined STDC_HEADERS || defined _LIBC
+# include <stdlib.h>
+#endif
+
+/* For platforms which support the ISO C amendment 1 functionality we
+   support user defined character classes.  */
+#if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
+/* Solaris 2.5 has a bug: <wchar.h> must be included before <wctype.h>.  */
+# include <wchar.h>
+# include <wctype.h>
+#endif
+
+/* Comment out all this code if we are using the GNU C Library, and are not
+   actually compiling the library itself.  This code is part of the GNU C
+   Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions.  Compiling
+   and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
+   (especially if it is a shared library).  Rather than having every GNU
+   program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
+   it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file.  */
+
+#if defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
+
+
+# if defined STDC_HEADERS || !defined isascii
+#  define ISASCII(c) 1
+# else
+#  define ISASCII(c) isascii(c)
+# endif
+
+# ifdef isblank
+#  define ISBLANK(c) (ISASCII (c) && isblank (c))
+# else
+#  define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
+# endif
+# ifdef isgraph
+#  define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII (c) && isgraph (c))
+# else
+#  define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII (c) && isprint (c) && !isspace (c))
+# endif
+
+# define ISPRINT(c) (ISASCII (c) && isprint (c))
+# define ISDIGIT(c) (ISASCII (c) && isdigit (c))
+# define ISALNUM(c) (ISASCII (c) && isalnum (c))
+# define ISALPHA(c) (ISASCII (c) && isalpha (c))
+# define ISCNTRL(c) (ISASCII (c) && iscntrl (c))
+# define ISLOWER(c) (ISASCII (c) && islower (c))
+# define ISPUNCT(c) (ISASCII (c) && ispunct (c))
+# define ISSPACE(c) (ISASCII (c) && isspace (c))
+# define ISUPPER(c) (ISASCII (c) && isupper (c))
+# define ISXDIGIT(c) (ISASCII (c) && isxdigit (c))
+
+# define STREQ(s1, s2) ((strcmp (s1, s2) == 0))
+
+# if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
+/* The GNU C library provides support for user-defined character classes
+   and the functions from ISO C amendment 1.  */
+#  ifdef CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
+#   define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
+#  else
+/* This shouldn't happen but some implementation might still have this
+   problem.  Use a reasonable default value.  */
+#   define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH 256
+#  endif
+
+#  ifdef _LIBC
+#   define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string) __wctype (string)
+#  else
+#   define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string) wctype (string)
+#  endif
+# else
+#  define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH  6 /* Namely, `xdigit'.  */
+
+#  define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string)						      \
+   (STREQ (string, "alpha") || STREQ (string, "upper")			      \
+    || STREQ (string, "lower") || STREQ (string, "digit")		      \
+    || STREQ (string, "alnum") || STREQ (string, "xdigit")		      \
+    || STREQ (string, "space") || STREQ (string, "print")		      \
+    || STREQ (string, "punct") || STREQ (string, "graph")		      \
+    || STREQ (string, "cntrl") || STREQ (string, "blank"))
+# endif
+
+/* Avoid depending on library functions or files
+   whose names are inconsistent.  */
+
+# if !defined _LIBC && !defined getenv
+extern char *getenv ();
+# endif
+
+# ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+# endif
+
+/* This function doesn't exist on most systems.  */
+
+# if !defined HAVE___STRCHRNUL && !defined _LIBC
+static char *
+__strchrnul (s, c)
+     const char *s;
+     int c;
+{
+  char *result = strchr (s, c);
+  if (result == NULL)
+    result = strchr (s, '\0');
+  return result;
+}
+# endif
+
+# ifndef internal_function
+/* Inside GNU libc we mark some function in a special way.  In other
+   environments simply ignore the marking.  */
+#  define internal_function
+# endif
+
+/* Match STRING against the filename pattern PATTERN, returning zero if
+   it matches, nonzero if not.  */
+static int internal_fnmatch __P ((const char *pattern, const char *string,
+				  int no_leading_period, int flags))
+     internal_function;
+static int
+internal_function
+internal_fnmatch (pattern, string, no_leading_period, flags)
+     const char *pattern;
+     const char *string;
+     int no_leading_period;
+     int flags;
+{
+  register const char *p = pattern, *n = string;
+  register unsigned char c;
+
+/* Note that this evaluates C many times.  */
+# ifdef _LIBC
+#  define FOLD(c) ((flags & FNM_CASEFOLD) ? tolower (c) : (c))
+# else
+#  define FOLD(c) ((flags & FNM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER (c) ? tolower (c) : (c))
+# endif
+
+  while ((c = *p++) != '\0')
+    {
+      c = FOLD (c);
+
+      switch (c)
+	{
+	case '?':
+	  if (*n == '\0')
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	  else if (*n == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	  else if (*n == '.' && no_leading_period
+		   && (n == string
+		       || (n[-1] == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))))
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	  break;
+
+	case '\\':
+	  if (!(flags & FNM_NOESCAPE))
+	    {
+	      c = *p++;
+	      if (c == '\0')
+		/* Trailing \ loses.  */
+		return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	      c = FOLD (c);
+	    }
+	  if (FOLD ((unsigned char) *n) != c)
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	  break;
+
+	case '*':
+	  if (*n == '.' && no_leading_period
+	      && (n == string
+		  || (n[-1] == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))))
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+	  for (c = *p++; c == '?' || c == '*'; c = *p++)
+	    {
+	      if (*n == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))
+		/* A slash does not match a wildcard under FNM_FILE_NAME.  */
+		return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	      else if (c == '?')
+		{
+		  /* A ? needs to match one character.  */
+		  if (*n == '\0')
+		    /* There isn't another character; no match.  */
+		    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		  else
+		    /* One character of the string is consumed in matching
+		       this ? wildcard, so *??? won't match if there are
+		       less than three characters.  */
+		    ++n;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  if (c == '\0')
+	    /* The wildcard(s) is/are the last element of the pattern.
+	       If the name is a file name and contains another slash
+	       this does mean it cannot match.  */
+	    return ((flags & FNM_FILE_NAME) && strchr (n, '/') != NULL
+		    ? FNM_NOMATCH : 0);
+	  else
+	    {
+	      const char *endp;
+
+	      endp = __strchrnul (n, (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME) ? '/' : '\0');
+
+	      if (c == '[')
+		{
+		  int flags2 = ((flags & FNM_FILE_NAME)
+				? flags : (flags & ~FNM_PERIOD));
+
+		  for (--p; n < endp; ++n)
+		    if (internal_fnmatch (p, n,
+					  (no_leading_period
+					   && (n == string
+					       || (n[-1] == '/'
+						   && (flags
+						       & FNM_FILE_NAME)))),
+					  flags2)
+			== 0)
+		      return 0;
+		}
+	      else if (c == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))
+		{
+		  while (*n != '\0' && *n != '/')
+		    ++n;
+		  if (*n == '/'
+		      && (internal_fnmatch (p, n + 1, flags & FNM_PERIOD,
+					    flags) == 0))
+		    return 0;
+		}
+	      else
+		{
+		  int flags2 = ((flags & FNM_FILE_NAME)
+				? flags : (flags & ~FNM_PERIOD));
+
+		  if (c == '\\' && !(flags & FNM_NOESCAPE))
+		    c = *p;
+		  c = FOLD (c);
+		  for (--p; n < endp; ++n)
+		    if (FOLD ((unsigned char) *n) == c
+			&& (internal_fnmatch (p, n,
+					      (no_leading_period
+					       && (n == string
+						   || (n[-1] == '/'
+						       && (flags
+							   & FNM_FILE_NAME)))),
+					      flags2) == 0))
+		      return 0;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  /* If we come here no match is possible with the wildcard.  */
+	  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+	case '[':
+	  {
+	    /* Nonzero if the sense of the character class is inverted.  */
+	    static int posixly_correct;
+	    register int not;
+	    char cold;
+
+	    if (posixly_correct == 0)
+	      posixly_correct = getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL ? 1 : -1;
+
+	    if (*n == '\0')
+	      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+	    if (*n == '.' && no_leading_period && (n == string
+						   || (n[-1] == '/'
+						       && (flags
+							   & FNM_FILE_NAME))))
+	      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+	    if (*n == '/' && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))
+	      /* `/' cannot be matched.  */
+	      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+	    not = (*p == '!' || (posixly_correct < 0 && *p == '^'));
+	    if (not)
+	      ++p;
+
+	    c = *p++;
+	    for (;;)
+	      {
+		unsigned char fn = FOLD ((unsigned char) *n);
+
+		if (!(flags & FNM_NOESCAPE) && c == '\\')
+		  {
+		    if (*p == '\0')
+		      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		    c = FOLD ((unsigned char) *p);
+		    ++p;
+
+		    if (c == fn)
+		      goto matched;
+		  }
+		else if (c == '[' && *p == ':')
+		  {
+		    /* Leave room for the null.  */
+		    char str[CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH + 1];
+		    size_t c1 = 0;
+# if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
+		    wctype_t wt;
+# endif
+		    const char *startp = p;
+
+		    for (;;)
+		      {
+			if (c1 == CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH)
+			  /* The name is too long and therefore the pattern
+			     is ill-formed.  */
+			  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+			c = *++p;
+			if (c == ':' && p[1] == ']')
+			  {
+			    p += 2;
+			    break;
+			  }
+			if (c < 'a' || c >= 'z')
+			  {
+			    /* This cannot possibly be a character class name.
+			       Match it as a normal range.  */
+			    p = startp;
+			    c = '[';
+			    goto normal_bracket;
+			  }
+			str[c1++] = c;
+		      }
+		    str[c1] = '\0';
+
+# if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
+		    wt = IS_CHAR_CLASS (str);
+		    if (wt == 0)
+		      /* Invalid character class name.  */
+		      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+		    if (__iswctype (__btowc ((unsigned char) *n), wt))
+		      goto matched;
+# else
+		    if ((STREQ (str, "alnum") && ISALNUM ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "alpha") && ISALPHA ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "blank") && ISBLANK ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "cntrl") && ISCNTRL ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "digit") && ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "graph") && ISGRAPH ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "lower") && ISLOWER ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "print") && ISPRINT ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "punct") && ISPUNCT ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "space") && ISSPACE ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "upper") && ISUPPER ((unsigned char) *n))
+			|| (STREQ (str, "xdigit") && ISXDIGIT ((unsigned char) *n)))
+		      goto matched;
+# endif
+		  }
+		else if (c == '\0')
+		  /* [ (unterminated) loses.  */
+		  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		else
+		  {
+		  normal_bracket:
+		    if (FOLD (c) == fn)
+		      goto matched;
+
+		    cold = c;
+		    c = *p++;
+
+		    if (c == '-' && *p != ']')
+		      {
+			/* It is a range.  */
+			unsigned char cend = *p++;
+			if (!(flags & FNM_NOESCAPE) && cend == '\\')
+			  cend = *p++;
+			if (cend == '\0')
+			  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+			if (cold <= fn && fn <= FOLD (cend))
+			  goto matched;
+
+			c = *p++;
+		      }
+		  }
+
+		if (c == ']')
+		  break;
+	      }
+
+	    if (!not)
+	      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	    break;
+
+	  matched:
+	    /* Skip the rest of the [...] that already matched.  */
+	    while (c != ']')
+	      {
+		if (c == '\0')
+		  /* [... (unterminated) loses.  */
+		  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+		c = *p++;
+		if (!(flags & FNM_NOESCAPE) && c == '\\')
+		  {
+		    if (*p == '\0')
+		      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		    /* XXX 1003.2d11 is unclear if this is right.  */
+		    ++p;
+		  }
+		else if (c == '[' && *p == ':')
+		  {
+		    do
+		      if (*++p == '\0')
+			return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		    while (*p != ':' || p[1] == ']');
+		    p += 2;
+		    c = *p;
+		  }
+	      }
+	    if (not)
+	      return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+	default:
+	  if (c != FOLD ((unsigned char) *n))
+	    return FNM_NOMATCH;
+	}
+
+      ++n;
+    }
+
+  if (*n == '\0')
+    return 0;
+
+  if ((flags & FNM_LEADING_DIR) && *n == '/')
+    /* The FNM_LEADING_DIR flag says that "foo*" matches "foobar/frobozz".  */
+    return 0;
+
+  return FNM_NOMATCH;
+
+# undef FOLD
+}
+
+
+int
+fnmatch (pattern, string, flags)
+     const char *pattern;
+     const char *string;
+     int flags;
+{
+  return internal_fnmatch (pattern, string, flags & FNM_PERIOD, flags);
+}
+
+#endif	/* _LIBC or not __GNU_LIBRARY__.  */
diff --git a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.h b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc3ec37940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/* Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
+   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
+   License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Library General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not,
+   write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+   Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+
+#ifndef	_FNMATCH_H
+#define	_FNMATCH_H	1
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#if defined __cplusplus || (defined __STDC__ && __STDC__) || defined WINDOWS32
+# if !defined __GLIBC__ || !defined __P
+#  undef	__P
+#  define __P(protos)	protos
+# endif
+#else /* Not C++ or ANSI C.  */
+# undef	__P
+# define __P(protos)	()
+/* We can get away without defining `const' here only because in this file
+   it is used only inside the prototype for `fnmatch', which is elided in
+   non-ANSI C where `const' is problematical.  */
+#endif /* C++ or ANSI C.  */
+
+#ifndef const
+# if (defined __STDC__ && __STDC__) || defined __cplusplus
+#  define __const	const
+# else
+#  define __const
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* We #undef these before defining them because some losing systems
+   (HP-UX A.08.07 for example) define these in <unistd.h>.  */
+#undef	FNM_PATHNAME
+#undef	FNM_NOESCAPE
+#undef	FNM_PERIOD
+
+/* Bits set in the FLAGS argument to `fnmatch'.  */
+#define	FNM_PATHNAME	(1 << 0) /* No wildcard can ever match `/'.  */
+#define	FNM_NOESCAPE	(1 << 1) /* Backslashes don't quote special chars.  */
+#define	FNM_PERIOD	(1 << 2) /* Leading `.' is matched only explicitly.  */
+
+#if !defined _POSIX_C_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE < 2 || defined _GNU_SOURCE
+# define FNM_FILE_NAME	 FNM_PATHNAME	/* Preferred GNU name.  */
+# define FNM_LEADING_DIR (1 << 3)	/* Ignore `/...' after a match.  */
+# define FNM_CASEFOLD	 (1 << 4)	/* Compare without regard to case.  */
+#endif
+
+/* Value returned by `fnmatch' if STRING does not match PATTERN.  */
+#define	FNM_NOMATCH	1
+
+/* This value is returned if the implementation does not support
+   `fnmatch'.  Since this is not the case here it will never be
+   returned but the conformance test suites still require the symbol
+   to be defined.  */
+#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE
+# define FNM_NOSYS	(-1)
+#endif
+
+/* Match NAME against the filename pattern PATTERN,
+   returning zero if it matches, FNM_NOMATCH if not.  */
+extern int fnmatch __P ((__const char *__pattern, __const char *__name,
+			 int __flags));
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* fnmatch.h */
diff --git a/compat/fopen.c b/compat/fopen.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5ca142fed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/fopen.c
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ *  The order of the following two lines is important.
+ *
+ *  FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES is undefined before including git-compat-util.h
+ *  to avoid the redefinition of fopen within git-compat-util.h. This is
+ *  necessary since fopen is a macro on some platforms which may be set
+ *  based on compiler options. For example, on AIX fopen is set to fopen64
+ *  when _LARGE_FILES is defined. The previous technique of merely undefining
+ *  fopen after including git-compat-util.h is inadequate in this case.
+ */
+#undef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+FILE *git_fopen(const char *path, const char *mode)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (mode[0] == 'w' || mode[0] == 'a')
+		return fopen(path, mode);
+
+	if (!(fp = fopen(path, mode)))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (fstat(fileno(fp), &st)) {
+		fclose(fp);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		fclose(fp);
+		errno = EISDIR;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return fp;
+}
diff --git a/compat/hstrerror.c b/compat/hstrerror.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..069c555da4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/hstrerror.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+
+const char *githstrerror(int err)
+{
+	static char buffer[48];
+	switch (err)
+	{
+	case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
+		return "Authoritative answer: host not found";
+	case NO_DATA:
+		return "Valid name, no data record of requested type";
+	case NO_RECOVERY:
+		return "Non recoverable errors, FORMERR, REFUSED, NOTIMP";
+	case TRY_AGAIN:
+		return "Non-authoritative \"host not found\", or SERVERFAIL";
+	}
+	sprintf(buffer, "Name resolution error %d", err);
+	return buffer;
+}
diff --git a/compat/inet_ntop.c b/compat/inet_ntop.c
index 4d7ab9d975..f44498258d 100644
--- a/compat/inet_ntop.c
+++ b/compat/inet_ntop.c
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
diff --git a/compat/inet_pton.c b/compat/inet_pton.c
index 5704e0d2b6..4078fc0877 100644
--- a/compat/inet_pton.c
+++ b/compat/inet_pton.c
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
diff --git a/compat/memmem.c b/compat/memmem.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56bcb4277f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/memmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystack_len,
+                const void *needle, size_t needle_len)
+{
+	const char *begin = haystack;
+	const char *last_possible = begin + haystack_len - needle_len;
+	const char *tail = needle;
+	char point;
+
+	/*
+	 * The first occurrence of the empty string is deemed to occur at
+	 * the beginning of the string.
+	 */
+	if (needle_len == 0)
+		return (void *)begin;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check, otherwise the loop might search through the whole
+	 * memory.
+	 */
+	if (haystack_len < needle_len)
+		return NULL;
+
+	point = *tail++;
+	for (; begin <= last_possible; begin++) {
+		if (*begin == point && !memcmp(begin + 1, tail, needle_len - 1))
+			return (void *)begin;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/compat/mingw.c b/compat/mingw.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bed417875e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mingw.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1233 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "win32.h"
+#include <conio.h>
+#include "../strbuf.h"
+
+unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
+
+static int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
+{
+	int error = ENOSYS;
+	switch(winerr) {
+	case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
+	case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
+	case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
+	case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
+	case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
+	case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
+	case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
+	case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
+	case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
+	case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
+	case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
+	case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
+	}
+	return error;
+}
+
+#undef open
+int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	unsigned mode;
+	va_start(args, oflags);
+	mode = va_arg(args, int);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	if (!strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
+		filename = "nul";
+	int fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
+	if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
+		DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(filename);
+		if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
+			errno = EISDIR;
+	}
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
+{
+	long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
+	winTime -= 116444736000000000LL; /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
+	winTime /= 10000000;		 /* Nano to seconds resolution */
+	return (time_t)winTime;
+}
+
+/* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
+ * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
+ * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
+ */
+static int do_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
+
+	if (!(errno = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
+		buf->st_ino = 0;
+		buf->st_gid = 0;
+		buf->st_uid = 0;
+		buf->st_nlink = 1;
+		buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
+		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
+			(((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
+		buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
+		buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
+		buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
+		buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
+ * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
+ * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
+ * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
+ * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
+ */
+int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	int namelen;
+	static char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
+
+	if (!do_lstat(file_name, buf))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
+	 * try again without trailing slashes
+	 */
+	if (errno != ENOENT)
+		return -1;
+
+	namelen = strlen(file_name);
+	if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
+		return -1;
+	while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
+		--namelen;
+	if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
+	alt_name[namelen] = 0;
+	return do_lstat(alt_name, buf);
+}
+
+#undef fstat
+int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
+{
+	HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+	BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
+
+	if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		errno = EBADF;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
+	if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
+		return _fstati64(fd, buf);
+
+	if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
+		buf->st_ino = 0;
+		buf->st_gid = 0;
+		buf->st_uid = 0;
+		buf->st_nlink = 1;
+		buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
+		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
+			(((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
+		buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
+		buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
+		buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
+		buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	errno = EBADF;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
+{
+	long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
+	ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
+	ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
+}
+
+int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
+{
+	FILETIME mft, aft;
+	int fh, rc;
+
+	/* must have write permission */
+	if ((fh = open(file_name, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
+	time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
+	if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		rc = -1;
+	} else
+		rc = 0;
+	close(fh);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
+{
+	Sleep(seconds*1000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int mkstemp(char *template)
+{
+	char *filename = mktemp(template);
+	if (filename == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
+}
+
+int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
+{
+	SYSTEMTIME st;
+	struct tm tm;
+	GetSystemTime(&st);
+	tm.tm_year = st.wYear-1900;
+	tm.tm_mon = st.wMonth-1;
+	tm.tm_mday = st.wDay;
+	tm.tm_hour = st.wHour;
+	tm.tm_min = st.wMinute;
+	tm.tm_sec = st.wSecond;
+	tv->tv_sec = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
+	if (tv->tv_sec < 0)
+		return -1;
+	tv->tv_usec = st.wMilliseconds*1000;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int pipe(int filedes[2])
+{
+	int fd;
+	HANDLE h[2], parent;
+
+	if (_pipe(filedes, 8192, 0) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	parent = GetCurrentProcess();
+
+	if (!DuplicateHandle (parent, (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(filedes[0]),
+			parent, &h[0], 0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
+		close(filedes[0]);
+		close(filedes[1]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!DuplicateHandle (parent, (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(filedes[1]),
+			parent, &h[1], 0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
+		close(filedes[0]);
+		close(filedes[1]);
+		CloseHandle(h[0]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	fd = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		close(filedes[0]);
+		close(filedes[1]);
+		CloseHandle(h[0]);
+		CloseHandle(h[1]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	close(filedes[0]);
+	filedes[0] = fd;
+	fd = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		close(filedes[0]);
+		close(filedes[1]);
+		CloseHandle(h[1]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	close(filedes[1]);
+	filedes[1] = fd;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int poll(struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout)
+{
+	int i, pending;
+
+	if (timeout >= 0) {
+		if (nfds == 0) {
+			Sleep(timeout);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		return errno = EINVAL, error("poll timeout not supported");
+	}
+
+	/* When there is only one fd to wait for, then we pretend that
+	 * input is available and let the actual wait happen when the
+	 * caller invokes read().
+	 */
+	if (nfds == 1) {
+		if (!(ufds[0].events & POLLIN))
+			return errno = EINVAL, error("POLLIN not set");
+		ufds[0].revents = POLLIN;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+repeat:
+	pending = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
+		DWORD avail = 0;
+		HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(ufds[i].fd);
+		if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+			return -1;	/* errno was set */
+
+		if (!(ufds[i].events & POLLIN))
+			return errno = EINVAL, error("POLLIN not set");
+
+		/* this emulation works only for pipes */
+		if (!PeekNamedPipe(h, NULL, 0, NULL, &avail, NULL)) {
+			int err = GetLastError();
+			if (err == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE) {
+				ufds[i].revents = POLLHUP;
+				pending++;
+			} else {
+				errno = EINVAL;
+				return error("PeekNamedPipe failed,"
+					" GetLastError: %u", err);
+			}
+		} else if (avail) {
+			ufds[i].revents = POLLIN;
+			pending++;
+		} else
+			ufds[i].revents = 0;
+	}
+	if (!pending) {
+		/* The only times that we spin here is when the process
+		 * that is connected through the pipes is waiting for
+		 * its own input data to become available. But since
+		 * the process (pack-objects) is itself CPU intensive,
+		 * it will happily pick up the time slice that we are
+		 * relinquishing here.
+		 */
+		Sleep(0);
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
+{
+	/* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
+	memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
+	return result;
+}
+
+struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
+{
+	/* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
+	memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
+	return result;
+}
+
+#undef getcwd
+char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *ret = getcwd(pointer, len);
+	if (!ret)
+		return ret;
+	for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
+		if (pointer[i] == '\\')
+			pointer[i] = '/';
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#undef getenv
+char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
+{
+	char *result = getenv(name);
+	if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
+		/* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
+		result = getenv("TMP");
+		if (!result)
+			result = getenv("TEMP");
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
+ * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
+ */
+static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
+{
+	/* count chars to quote */
+	int len = 0, n = 0;
+	int force_quotes = 0;
+	char *q, *d;
+	const char *p = arg;
+	if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
+	while (*p) {
+		if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
+			force_quotes = 1;
+		else if (*p == '"')
+			n++;
+		else if (*p == '\\') {
+			int count = 0;
+			while (*p == '\\') {
+				count++;
+				p++;
+				len++;
+			}
+			if (*p == '"')
+				n += count*2 + 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		len++;
+		p++;
+	}
+	if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
+		return arg;
+
+	/* insert \ where necessary */
+	d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
+	*d++ = '"';
+	while (*arg) {
+		if (*arg == '"')
+			*d++ = '\\';
+		else if (*arg == '\\') {
+			int count = 0;
+			while (*arg == '\\') {
+				count++;
+				*d++ = *arg++;
+			}
+			if (*arg == '"') {
+				while (count-- > 0)
+					*d++ = '\\';
+				*d++ = '\\';
+			}
+		}
+		*d++ = *arg++;
+	}
+	*d++ = '"';
+	*d++ = 0;
+	return q;
+}
+
+static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
+{
+	static char buf[100];
+	char *p, *opt;
+	int n, fd;
+
+	/* don't even try a .exe */
+	n = strlen(cmd);
+	if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
+		return NULL;
+
+	fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
+	close(fd);
+	if (n < 4)	/* at least '#!/x' and not error */
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
+		return NULL;
+	buf[n] = '\0';
+	p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
+	if (!*p)
+		return NULL;
+
+	*p = '\0';
+	if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
+		return NULL;
+	/* strip options */
+	if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
+		*opt = '\0';
+	return p+1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Splits the PATH into parts.
+ */
+static char **get_path_split(void)
+{
+	char *p, **path, *envpath = getenv("PATH");
+	int i, n = 0;
+
+	if (!envpath || !*envpath)
+		return NULL;
+
+	envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
+	p = envpath;
+	while (p) {
+		char *dir = p;
+		p = strchr(p, ';');
+		if (p) *p++ = '\0';
+		if (*dir) {	/* not earlier, catches series of ; */
+			++n;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!n)
+		return NULL;
+
+	path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
+	p = envpath;
+	i = 0;
+	do {
+		if (*p)
+			path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
+		p = p+strlen(p)+1;
+	} while (i < n);
+	path[i] = NULL;
+
+	free(envpath);
+
+	return path;
+}
+
+static void free_path_split(char **path)
+{
+	if (!path)
+		return;
+
+	char **p = path;
+	while (*p)
+		free(*p++);
+	free(path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
+ * (which do not have an extension)
+ */
+static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
+{
+	char path[MAX_PATH];
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
+
+	if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
+		return xstrdup(path);
+	path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
+	if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
+		if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
+			return xstrdup(path);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the the split path in path.
+ * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
+ */
+static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
+{
+	char *prog = NULL;
+	int len = strlen(cmd);
+	int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
+
+	if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
+		prog = xstrdup(cmd);
+
+	while (!prog && *path)
+		prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
+
+	return prog;
+}
+
+static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	char *const *ea = a;
+	char *const *eb = b;
+	return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
+}
+
+static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
+			   int prepend_cmd)
+{
+	STARTUPINFO si;
+	PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
+	struct strbuf envblk, args;
+	unsigned flags;
+	BOOL ret;
+
+	/* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
+	HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
+			FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
+			FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+	if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		/* There is no console associated with this process.
+		 * Since the child is a console process, Windows
+		 * would normally create a console window. But
+		 * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
+		 * not need the console.
+		 * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
+		 * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
+		 * recognize that it has no console.
+		 */
+		flags = DETACHED_PROCESS;
+	} else {
+		/* There is already a console. If we specified
+		 * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
+		 * disassociate the child from the console.
+		 * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
+		 * Go figure!
+		 */
+		flags = 0;
+		CloseHandle(cons);
+	}
+	memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
+	si.cb = sizeof(si);
+	si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
+	si.hStdInput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(0);
+	si.hStdOutput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(1);
+	si.hStdError = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(2);
+
+	/* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
+	strbuf_init(&args, 0);
+	if (prepend_cmd) {
+		char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
+		strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
+		if (quoted != cmd)
+			free(quoted);
+	}
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
+		if (*args.buf)
+			strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
+		strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
+		if (quoted != *argv)
+			free(quoted);
+	}
+
+	if (env) {
+		int count = 0;
+		char **e, **sorted_env;
+
+		for (e = env; *e; e++)
+			count++;
+
+		/* environment must be sorted */
+		sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
+		memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
+		qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
+
+		strbuf_init(&envblk, 0);
+		for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&envblk, *e);
+			strbuf_addch(&envblk, '\0');
+		}
+		free(sorted_env);
+	}
+
+	memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
+	ret = CreateProcess(cmd, args.buf, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
+		env ? envblk.buf : NULL, NULL, &si, &pi);
+
+	if (env)
+		strbuf_release(&envblk);
+	strbuf_release(&args);
+
+	if (!ret) {
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
+	return (pid_t)pi.hProcess;
+}
+
+pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env)
+{
+	pid_t pid;
+	char **path = get_path_split();
+	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
+
+	if (!prog) {
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		pid = -1;
+	}
+	else {
+		const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
+
+		if (interpr) {
+			const char *argv0 = argv[0];
+			char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
+			argv[0] = prog;
+			if (!iprog) {
+				errno = ENOENT;
+				pid = -1;
+			}
+			else {
+				pid = mingw_spawnve(iprog, argv, env, 1);
+				free(iprog);
+			}
+			argv[0] = argv0;
+		}
+		else
+			pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv, env, 0);
+		free(prog);
+	}
+	free_path_split(path);
+	return pid;
+}
+
+static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char **env)
+{
+	const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
+	char **path;
+	char *prog;
+	int pid = 0;
+
+	if (!interpr)
+		return 0;
+	path = get_path_split();
+	prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
+	if (prog) {
+		int argc = 0;
+		const char **argv2;
+		while (argv[argc]) argc++;
+		argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
+		argv2[0] = (char *)cmd;	/* full path to the script file */
+		memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
+		pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv2, env, 1);
+		if (pid >= 0) {
+			int status;
+			if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
+				status = 255;
+			exit(status);
+		}
+		pid = 1;	/* indicate that we tried but failed */
+		free(prog);
+		free(argv2);
+	}
+	free_path_split(path);
+	return pid;
+}
+
+static void mingw_execve(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char *const *env)
+{
+	/* check if git_command is a shell script */
+	if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv, (char **)env)) {
+		int pid, status;
+
+		pid = mingw_spawnve(cmd, (const char **)argv, (char **)env, 0);
+		if (pid < 0)
+			return;
+		if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
+			status = 255;
+		exit(status);
+	}
+}
+
+void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
+{
+	char **path = get_path_split();
+	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
+
+	if (prog) {
+		mingw_execve(prog, argv, environ);
+		free(prog);
+	} else
+		errno = ENOENT;
+
+	free_path_split(path);
+}
+
+char **copy_environ()
+{
+	char **env;
+	int i = 0;
+	while (environ[i])
+		i++;
+	env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
+	for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
+		env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
+	env[i] = NULL;
+	return env;
+}
+
+void free_environ(char **env)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
+		free(env[i]);
+	free(env);
+}
+
+static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
+		if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
+		    && '=' == env[i][nmln])
+			/* matches */
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
+ */
+char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
+{
+	char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
+	int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
+
+	if (i < 0) {
+		if (*eq) {
+			for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
+				;
+			env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
+			env[i] = xstrdup(name);
+			env[i+1] = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		free(env[i]);
+		if (*eq)
+			env[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		else
+			for (; env[i]; i++)
+				env[i] = env[i+1];
+	}
+	return env;
+}
+
+/* this is the first function to call into WS_32; initialize it */
+#undef gethostbyname
+struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
+{
+	WSADATA wsa;
+
+	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
+		die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
+			WSAGetLastError());
+	atexit((void(*)(void)) WSACleanup);
+	return gethostbyname(host);
+}
+
+int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
+{
+	int sockfd;
+	SOCKET s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
+	if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+		/*
+		 * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
+		 * biased by WSABASEERR.
+		 * However, strerror() does not know about networking
+		 * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
+		 * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
+		 * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
+		 * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
+		 */
+		errno = WSAGetLastError();
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* convert into a file descriptor */
+	if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
+		closesocket(s);
+		return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
+			strerror(errno));
+	}
+	return sockfd;
+}
+
+#undef connect
+int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
+{
+	SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
+	return connect(s, sa, sz);
+}
+
+#undef rename
+int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
+{
+	DWORD attrs, gle;
+	int tries = 0;
+	static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
+
+	/*
+	 * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
+	 * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
+	 */
+	if (!rename(pold, pnew))
+		return 0;
+	if (errno != EEXIST)
+		return -1;
+repeat:
+	if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
+		return 0;
+	/* TODO: translate more errors */
+	gle = GetLastError();
+	if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
+	    (attrs = GetFileAttributes(pnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
+		if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
+			errno = EISDIR;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
+		    SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
+			if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
+				return 0;
+			gle = GetLastError();
+			/* revert file attributes on failure */
+			SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs);
+		}
+	}
+	if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
+		/*
+		 * We assume that some other process had the source or
+		 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
+		 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
+		 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
+		 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
+		 */
+		Sleep(delay[tries]);
+		tries++;
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+	errno = EACCES;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
+{
+	static char user_name[100];
+	static struct passwd p;
+
+	DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
+	if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
+		return NULL;
+	p.pw_name = user_name;
+	p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
+	p.pw_dir = NULL;
+	return &p;
+}
+
+static HANDLE timer_event;
+static HANDLE timer_thread;
+static int timer_interval;
+static int one_shot;
+static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
+
+/* The timer works like this:
+ * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
+ * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
+ * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
+ * state.
+ * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
+ * length to call the signal handler.
+ */
+
+static __stdcall unsigned ticktack(void *dummy)
+{
+	while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+		if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
+			die("Alarm");
+		if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
+			timer_fn(SIGALRM);
+		if (one_shot)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int start_timer_thread(void)
+{
+	timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+	if (timer_event) {
+		timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
+		if (!timer_thread )
+			return errno = ENOMEM,
+				error("cannot start timer thread");
+	} else
+		return errno = ENOMEM,
+			error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void stop_timer_thread(void)
+{
+	if (timer_event)
+		SetEvent(timer_event);	/* tell thread to terminate */
+	if (timer_thread) {
+		int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
+		if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
+			error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
+		else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+			error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
+			      GetLastError());
+		CloseHandle(timer_thread);
+	}
+	if (timer_event)
+		CloseHandle(timer_event);
+	timer_event = NULL;
+	timer_thread = NULL;
+}
+
+static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
+{
+	return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
+}
+
+int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
+{
+	static const struct timeval zero;
+	static int atexit_done;
+
+	if (out != NULL)
+		return errno = EINVAL,
+			error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
+	if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
+	    !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
+		return errno = EINVAL,
+			error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
+
+	if (timer_thread)
+		stop_timer_thread();
+
+	if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
+	    is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
+		return 0;
+
+	timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
+	one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
+	if (!atexit_done) {
+		atexit(stop_timer_thread);
+		atexit_done = 1;
+	}
+	return start_timer_thread();
+}
+
+int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
+{
+	if (sig != SIGALRM)
+		return errno = EINVAL,
+			error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
+	if (out != NULL)
+		return errno = EINVAL,
+			error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
+
+	timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#undef signal
+sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
+{
+	if (sig != SIGALRM)
+		return signal(sig, handler);
+	sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
+	timer_fn = handler;
+	return old;
+}
+
+static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
+{
+	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	char *c;
+
+	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
+		die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+
+	for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
+		if (*c == '/')
+			*c = '\\';
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+
+void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
+{
+	const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
+	printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
+	ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", 0);
+}
+
+int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
+{
+	typedef BOOL WINAPI (*T)(const char*, const char*, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
+	static T create_hard_link = NULL;
+	if (!create_hard_link) {
+		create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
+			GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkA");
+		if (!create_hard_link)
+			create_hard_link = (T)-1;
+	}
+	if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
+		errno = ENOSYS;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!create_hard_link(newpath, oldpath, NULL)) {
+		errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char *getpass(const char *prompt)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	fputs(prompt, stderr);
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = _getch();
+		if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
+			break;
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
+	}
+	fputs("\n", stderr);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
+/* MinGW readdir implementation to avoid extra lstats for Git */
+struct mingw_DIR
+{
+	struct _finddata_t	dd_dta;		/* disk transfer area for this dir */
+	struct mingw_dirent	dd_dir;		/* Our own implementation, including d_type */
+	long			dd_handle;	/* _findnext handle */
+	int			dd_stat; 	/* 0 = next entry to read is first entry, -1 = off the end, positive = 0 based index of next entry */
+	char			dd_name[1]; 	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
+};
+
+struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	WIN32_FIND_DATAA buf;
+	HANDLE handle;
+	struct mingw_DIR *mdir = (struct mingw_DIR*)dir;
+
+	if (!dir->dd_handle) {
+		errno = EBADF; /* No set_errno for mingw */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && dir->dd_stat == 0)
+	{
+		handle = FindFirstFileA(dir->dd_name, &buf);
+		DWORD lasterr = GetLastError();
+		dir->dd_handle = (long)handle;
+		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)) {
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	} else if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		return NULL;
+	} else if (!FindNextFileA((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle, &buf)) {
+		DWORD lasterr = GetLastError();
+		FindClose((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle);
+		dir->dd_handle = (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		/* POSIX says you shouldn't set errno when readdir can't
+		   find any more files; so, if another error we leave it set. */
+		if (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* We get here if `buf' contains valid data.  */
+	strcpy(dir->dd_dir.d_name, buf.cFileName);
+	++dir->dd_stat;
+
+	/* Set file type, based on WIN32_FIND_DATA */
+	mdir->dd_dir.d_type = 0;
+	if (buf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
+		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_DIR;
+	else
+		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_REG;
+
+	return (struct dirent*)&dir->dd_dir;
+}
+#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1859c5480
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+#include <winsock2.h>
+
+/*
+ * things that are not available in header files
+ */
+
+typedef int pid_t;
+#define hstrerror strerror
+
+#define S_IFLNK    0120000 /* Symbolic link */
+#define S_ISLNK(x) (((x) & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
+#define S_ISSOCK(x) 0
+#define S_IRGRP 0
+#define S_IWGRP 0
+#define S_IXGRP 0
+#define S_ISGID 0
+#define S_IROTH 0
+#define S_IXOTH 0
+
+#define WIFEXITED(x) ((unsigned)(x) < 259)	/* STILL_ACTIVE */
+#define WEXITSTATUS(x) ((x) & 0xff)
+#define WIFSIGNALED(x) ((unsigned)(x) > 259)
+
+#define SIGHUP 1
+#define SIGQUIT 3
+#define SIGKILL 9
+#define SIGPIPE 13
+#define SIGALRM 14
+#define SIGCHLD 17
+
+#define F_GETFD 1
+#define F_SETFD 2
+#define FD_CLOEXEC 0x1
+
+struct passwd {
+	char *pw_name;
+	char *pw_gecos;
+	char *pw_dir;
+};
+
+extern char *getpass(const char *prompt);
+
+struct pollfd {
+	int fd;           /* file descriptor */
+	short events;     /* requested events */
+	short revents;    /* returned events */
+};
+#define POLLIN 1
+#define POLLHUP 2
+
+typedef void (__cdecl *sig_handler_t)(int);
+struct sigaction {
+	sig_handler_t sa_handler;
+	unsigned sa_flags;
+};
+#define sigemptyset(x) (void)0
+#define SA_RESTART 0
+
+struct itimerval {
+	struct timeval it_value, it_interval;
+};
+#define ITIMER_REAL 0
+
+/*
+ * trivial stubs
+ */
+
+static inline int readlink(const char *path, char *buf, size_t bufsiz)
+{ errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+static inline int symlink(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
+{ errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+static inline int fchmod(int fildes, mode_t mode)
+{ errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+static inline int fork(void)
+{ errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+static inline unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds)
+{ return 0; }
+static inline int fsync(int fd)
+{ return 0; }
+static inline int getppid(void)
+{ return 1; }
+static inline void sync(void)
+{}
+static inline int getuid()
+{ return 1; }
+static inline struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *name)
+{ return NULL; }
+static inline int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, long arg)
+{
+	if (cmd == F_GETFD || cmd == F_SETFD)
+		return 0;
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
+}
+/* bash cannot reliably detect negative return codes as failure */
+#define exit(code) exit((code) & 0xff)
+
+/*
+ * simple adaptors
+ */
+
+static inline int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
+{
+	return mkdir(path);
+}
+#define mkdir mingw_mkdir
+
+static inline int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
+{
+	/* read-only files cannot be removed */
+	chmod(pathname, 0666);
+	return unlink(pathname);
+}
+#define unlink mingw_unlink
+
+static inline int waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
+{
+	if (options == 0)
+		return _cwait(status, pid, 0);
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * implementations of missing functions
+ */
+
+int pipe(int filedes[2]);
+unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds);
+int mkstemp(char *template);
+int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz);
+int poll(struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout);
+struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
+struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
+int getpagesize(void);	/* defined in MinGW's libgcc.a */
+struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid);
+int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out);
+int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out);
+int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
+
+/*
+ * replacements of existing functions
+ */
+
+int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...);
+#define open mingw_open
+
+char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len);
+#define getcwd mingw_getcwd
+
+char *mingw_getenv(const char *name);
+#define getenv mingw_getenv
+
+struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host);
+#define gethostbyname mingw_gethostbyname
+
+int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
+#define socket mingw_socket
+
+int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz);
+#define connect mingw_connect
+
+int mingw_rename(const char*, const char*);
+#define rename mingw_rename
+
+#ifdef USE_WIN32_MMAP
+int mingw_getpagesize(void);
+#define getpagesize mingw_getpagesize
+#endif
+
+/* Use mingw_lstat() instead of lstat()/stat() and
+ * mingw_fstat() instead of fstat() on Windows.
+ */
+#define off_t off64_t
+#define stat _stati64
+#define lseek _lseeki64
+int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf);
+int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
+#define fstat mingw_fstat
+#define lstat mingw_lstat
+#define _stati64(x,y) mingw_lstat(x,y)
+
+int mingw_utime(const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times);
+#define utime mingw_utime
+
+pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env);
+void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv);
+#define execvp mingw_execvp
+
+static inline unsigned int git_ntohl(unsigned int x)
+{ return (unsigned int)ntohl(x); }
+#define ntohl git_ntohl
+
+sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler);
+#define signal mingw_signal
+
+/*
+ * ANSI emulation wrappers
+ */
+
+int winansi_fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream);
+int winansi_printf(const char *format, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+int winansi_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+#define fputs winansi_fputs
+#define printf(...) winansi_printf(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define fprintf(...) winansi_fprintf(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+/*
+ * git specific compatibility
+ */
+
+#define has_dos_drive_prefix(path) (isalpha(*(path)) && (path)[1] == ':')
+#define is_dir_sep(c) ((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
+#define PATH_SEP ';'
+#define PRIuMAX "I64u"
+
+void mingw_open_html(const char *path);
+#define open_html mingw_open_html
+
+/*
+ * helpers
+ */
+
+char **copy_environ(void);
+void free_environ(char **env);
+char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name);
+
+/*
+ * A replacement of main() that ensures that argv[0] has a path
+ */
+
+#define main(c,v) dummy_decl_mingw_main(); \
+static int mingw_main(); \
+int main(int argc, const char **argv) \
+{ \
+	argv[0] = xstrdup(_pgmptr); \
+	return mingw_main(argc, argv); \
+} \
+static int mingw_main(c,v)
+
+#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
+/*
+ * A replacement of readdir, to ensure that it reads the file type at
+ * the same time. This avoid extra unneeded lstats in git on MinGW
+ */
+#undef DT_UNKNOWN
+#undef DT_DIR
+#undef DT_REG
+#undef DT_LNK
+#define DT_UNKNOWN	0
+#define DT_DIR		1
+#define DT_REG		2
+#define DT_LNK		3
+
+struct mingw_dirent
+{
+	long		d_ino;			/* Always zero. */
+	union {
+		unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
+		unsigned char   d_type;		/* Reimplementation adds this */
+	};
+	unsigned short	d_namlen;		/* Length of name in d_name. */
+	char		d_name[FILENAME_MAX];	/* File name. */
+};
+#define dirent mingw_dirent
+#define readdir(x) mingw_readdir(x)
+struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir);
+#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
diff --git a/compat/mkdtemp.c b/compat/mkdtemp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34d4b49818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mkdtemp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+char *gitmkdtemp(char *template)
+{
+	if (!mktemp(template) || mkdir(template, 0700))
+		return NULL;
+	return template;
+}
diff --git a/compat/mkstemps.c b/compat/mkstemps.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14179c8e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mkstemps.c
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/* Adapted from libiberty's mkstemp.c. */
+
+#undef TMP_MAX
+#define TMP_MAX 16384
+
+int gitmkstemps(char *pattern, int suffix_len)
+{
+	static const char letters[] =
+		"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+		"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+		"0123456789";
+	static const int num_letters = 62;
+	uint64_t value;
+	struct timeval tv;
+	char *template;
+	size_t len;
+	int fd, count;
+
+	len = strlen(pattern);
+
+	if (len < 6 + suffix_len) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strncmp(&pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len], "XXXXXX", 6)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Replace pattern's XXXXXX characters with randomness.
+	 * Try TMP_MAX different filenames.
+	 */
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	value = ((size_t)(tv.tv_usec << 16)) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ getpid();
+	template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
+	for (count = 0; count < TMP_MAX; ++count) {
+		uint64_t v = value;
+		/* Fill in the random bits. */
+		template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+
+		fd = open(pattern, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, 0600);
+		if (fd > 0)
+			return fd;
+		/*
+		 * Fatal error (EPERM, ENOSPC etc).
+		 * It doesn't make sense to loop.
+		 */
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * This is a random value.  It is only necessary that
+		 * the next TMP_MAX values generated by adding 7777 to
+		 * VALUE are different with (module 2^32).
+		 */
+		value += 7777;
+	}
+	/* We return the null string if we can't find a unique file name.  */
+	pattern[0] = '\0';
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
+}
diff --git a/compat/mmap.c b/compat/mmap.c
index 4cfaee3136..c9d46d1742 100644
--- a/compat/mmap.c
+++ b/compat/mmap.c
@@ -40,4 +40,3 @@ int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
 	free(start);
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt b/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36b7cd93cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..876365646e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+nedalloc v1.05 15th June 2008:
+-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
+
+by Niall Douglas (http://www.nedprod.com/programs/portable/nedmalloc/)
+
+Enclosed is nedalloc, an alternative malloc implementation for multiple
+threads without lock contention based on dlmalloc v2.8.4. It is more
+or less a newer implementation of ptmalloc2, the standard allocator in
+Linux (which is based on dlmalloc v2.7.0) but also contains a per-thread
+cache for maximum CPU scalability.
+
+It is licensed under the Boost Software License which basically means
+you can do anything you like with it. This does not apply to the malloc.c.h
+file which remains copyright to others.
+
+It has been tested on win32 (x86), win64 (x64), Linux (x64), FreeBSD (x64)
+and Apple MacOS X (x86). It works very well on all of these and is very
+significantly faster than the system allocator on all of these platforms.
+
+By literally dropping in this allocator as a replacement for your system
+allocator, you can see real world improvements of up to three times in normal
+code!
+
+To use:
+-=-=-=-
+Drop in nedmalloc.h, nedmalloc.c and malloc.c.h into your project.
+Configure using the instructions in nedmalloc.h. Run and enjoy.
+
+To test, compile test.c. It will run a comparison between your system
+allocator and nedalloc and tell you how much faster nedalloc is. It also
+serves as an example of usage.
+
+Notes:
+-=-=-=
+If you want the very latest version of this allocator, get it from the
+TnFOX SVN repository at svn://svn.berlios.de/viewcvs/tnfox/trunk/src/nedmalloc
+
+Because of how nedalloc allocates an mspace per thread, it can cause
+severe bloating of memory usage under certain allocation patterns.
+You can substantially reduce this wastage by setting MAXTHREADSINPOOL
+or the threads parameter to nedcreatepool() to a fraction of the number of
+threads which would normally be in a pool at once. This will reduce
+bloating at the cost of an increase in lock contention. If allocated size
+is less than THREADCACHEMAX, locking is avoided 90-99% of the time and
+if most of your allocations are below this value, you can safely set
+MAXTHREADSINPOOL to one.
+
+You will suffer memory leakage unless you call neddisablethreadcache()
+per pool for every thread which exits. This is because nedalloc cannot
+portably know when a thread exits and thus when its thread cache can
+be returned for use by other code. Don't forget pool zero, the system pool.
+
+For C++ type allocation patterns (where the same sizes of memory are
+regularly allocated and deallocated as objects are created and destroyed),
+the threadcache always benefits performance. If however your allocation
+patterns are different, searching the threadcache may significantly slow
+down your code - as a rule of thumb, if cache utilisation is below 80%
+(see the source for neddisablethreadcache() for how to enable debug
+printing in release mode) then you should disable the thread cache for
+that thread. You can compile out the threadcache code by setting
+THREADCACHEMAX to zero.
+
+Speed comparisons:
+-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
+See Benchmarks.xls for details.
+
+The enclosed test.c can do two things: it can be a torture test or a speed
+test. The speed test is designed to be a representative synthetic
+memory allocator test. It works by randomly mixing allocations with frees
+with half of the allocation sizes being a two power multiple less than
+512 bytes (to mimic C++ stack instantiated objects) and the other half
+being a simple random value less than 16Kb.
+
+The real world code results are from Tn's TestIO benchmark. This is a
+heavily multithreaded and memory intensive benchmark with a lot of branching
+and other stuff modern processors don't like so much. As you'll note, the
+test doesn't show the benefits of the threadcache mostly due to the saturation
+of the memory bus being the limiting factor.
+
+ChangeLog:
+-=-=-=-=-=
+v1.05 15th June 2008:
+ * { 1042 } Added error check for TLSSET() and TLSFREE() macros. Thanks to
+Markus Elfring for reporting this.
+ * { 1043 } Fixed a segfault when freeing memory allocated using
+nedindependent_comalloc(). Thanks to Pavel Vozenilek for reporting this.
+
+v1.04 14th July 2007:
+ * Fixed a bug with the new optimised implementation that failed to lock
+on a realloc under certain conditions.
+ * Fixed lack of thread synchronisation in InitPool() causing pool corruption
+ * Fixed a memory leak of thread cache contents on disabling. Thanks to Earl
+Chew for reporting this.
+ * Added a sanity check for freed blocks being valid.
+ * Reworked test.c into being a torture test.
+ * Fixed GCC assembler optimisation misspecification
+
+v1.04alpha_svn915 7th October 2006:
+ * Fixed failure to unlock thread cache list if allocating a new list failed.
+Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for reporting this. Futher thanks to Aleksey Sanin.
+ * Fixed realloc(0, <size>) segfaulting. Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for
+reporting this.
+ * Made config defines #ifndef so they can be overriden by the build system.
+Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for suggesting this.
+ * Fixed deadlock in nedprealloc() due to unnecessary locking of preferred
+thread mspace when mspace_realloc() always uses the original block's mspace
+anyway. Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for reporting this.
+ * Made some speed improvements by hacking mspace_malloc() to no longer lock
+its mspace, thus allowing the recursive mutex implementation to be removed
+with an associated speed increase. Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for suggesting this.
+ * Fixed a bug where allocating mspaces overran its max limit. Thanks to
+Aleksey Sanin for reporting this.
+
+v1.03 10th July 2006:
+ * Fixed memory corruption bug in threadcache code which only appeared with >4
+threads and in heavy use of the threadcache.
+
+v1.02 15th May 2006:
+ * Integrated dlmalloc v2.8.4, fixing the win32 memory release problem and
+improving performance still further. Speed is now up to twice the speed of v1.01
+(average is 67% faster).
+ * Fixed win32 critical section implementation. Thanks to Pavel Kuznetsov
+for reporting this.
+ * Wasn't locking mspace if all mspaces were locked. Thanks to Pavel Kuznetsov
+for reporting this.
+ * Added Apple Mac OS X support.
+
+v1.01 24th February 2006:
+ * Fixed multiprocessor scaling problems by removing sources of cache sloshing
+ * Earl Chew <earl_chew <at> agilent <dot> com> sent patches for the following:
+   1. size2binidx() wasn't working for default code path (non x86)
+   2. Fixed failure to release mspace lock under certain circumstances which
+      caused a deadlock
+
+v1.00 1st January 2006:
+ * First release
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74c42e3162
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5752 @@
+/*
+  This is a version (aka dlmalloc) of malloc/free/realloc written by
+  Doug Lea and released to the public domain, as explained at
+  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain.  Send questions,
+  comments, complaints, performance data, etc to dl@cs.oswego.edu
+
+* Version pre-2.8.4 Mon Nov 27 11:22:37 2006    (dl at gee)
+
+   Note: There may be an updated version of this malloc obtainable at
+	   ftp://gee.cs.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc.c
+	 Check before installing!
+
+* Quickstart
+
+  This library is all in one file to simplify the most common usage:
+  ftp it, compile it (-O3), and link it into another program. All of
+  the compile-time options default to reasonable values for use on
+  most platforms.  You might later want to step through various
+  compile-time and dynamic tuning options.
+
+  For convenience, an include file for code using this malloc is at:
+     ftp://gee.cs.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc-2.8.4.h
+  You don't really need this .h file unless you call functions not
+  defined in your system include files.  The .h file contains only the
+  excerpts from this file needed for using this malloc on ANSI C/C++
+  systems, so long as you haven't changed compile-time options about
+  naming and tuning parameters.  If you do, then you can create your
+  own malloc.h that does include all settings by cutting at the point
+  indicated below. Note that you may already by default be using a C
+  library containing a malloc that is based on some version of this
+  malloc (for example in linux). You might still want to use the one
+  in this file to customize settings or to avoid overheads associated
+  with library versions.
+
+* Vital statistics:
+
+  Supported pointer/size_t representation:       4 or 8 bytes
+       size_t MUST be an unsigned type of the same width as
+       pointers. (If you are using an ancient system that declares
+       size_t as a signed type, or need it to be a different width
+       than pointers, you can use a previous release of this malloc
+       (e.g. 2.7.2) supporting these.)
+
+  Alignment:                                     8 bytes (default)
+       This suffices for nearly all current machines and C compilers.
+       However, you can define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT to be wider than this
+       if necessary (up to 128bytes), at the expense of using more space.
+
+  Minimum overhead per allocated chunk:   4 or  8 bytes (if 4byte sizes)
+					  8 or 16 bytes (if 8byte sizes)
+       Each malloced chunk has a hidden word of overhead holding size
+       and status information, and additional cross-check word
+       if FOOTERS is defined.
+
+  Minimum allocated size: 4-byte ptrs:  16 bytes    (including overhead)
+			  8-byte ptrs:  32 bytes    (including overhead)
+
+       Even a request for zero bytes (i.e., malloc(0)) returns a
+       pointer to something of the minimum allocatable size.
+       The maximum overhead wastage (i.e., number of extra bytes
+       allocated than were requested in malloc) is less than or equal
+       to the minimum size, except for requests >= mmap_threshold that
+       are serviced via mmap(), where the worst case wastage is about
+       32 bytes plus the remainder from a system page (the minimal
+       mmap unit); typically 4096 or 8192 bytes.
+
+  Security: static-safe; optionally more or less
+       The "security" of malloc refers to the ability of malicious
+       code to accentuate the effects of errors (for example, freeing
+       space that is not currently malloc'ed or overwriting past the
+       ends of chunks) in code that calls malloc.  This malloc
+       guarantees not to modify any memory locations below the base of
+       heap, i.e., static variables, even in the presence of usage
+       errors.  The routines additionally detect most improper frees
+       and reallocs.  All this holds as long as the static bookkeeping
+       for malloc itself is not corrupted by some other means.  This
+       is only one aspect of security -- these checks do not, and
+       cannot, detect all possible programming errors.
+
+       If FOOTERS is defined nonzero, then each allocated chunk
+       carries an additional check word to verify that it was malloced
+       from its space.  These check words are the same within each
+       execution of a program using malloc, but differ across
+       executions, so externally crafted fake chunks cannot be
+       freed. This improves security by rejecting frees/reallocs that
+       could corrupt heap memory, in addition to the checks preventing
+       writes to statics that are always on.  This may further improve
+       security at the expense of time and space overhead.  (Note that
+       FOOTERS may also be worth using with MSPACES.)
+
+       By default detected errors cause the program to abort (calling
+       "abort()"). You can override this to instead proceed past
+       errors by defining PROCEED_ON_ERROR.  In this case, a bad free
+       has no effect, and a malloc that encounters a bad address
+       caused by user overwrites will ignore the bad address by
+       dropping pointers and indices to all known memory. This may
+       be appropriate for programs that should continue if at all
+       possible in the face of programming errors, although they may
+       run out of memory because dropped memory is never reclaimed.
+
+       If you don't like either of these options, you can define
+       CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION and USAGE_ERROR_ACTION to do anything
+       else. And if if you are sure that your program using malloc has
+       no errors or vulnerabilities, you can define INSECURE to 1,
+       which might (or might not) provide a small performance improvement.
+
+  Thread-safety: NOT thread-safe unless USE_LOCKS defined
+       When USE_LOCKS is defined, each public call to malloc, free,
+       etc is surrounded with either a pthread mutex or a win32
+       spinlock (depending on WIN32). This is not especially fast, and
+       can be a major bottleneck.  It is designed only to provide
+       minimal protection in concurrent environments, and to provide a
+       basis for extensions.  If you are using malloc in a concurrent
+       program, consider instead using nedmalloc
+       (http://www.nedprod.com/programs/portable/nedmalloc/) or
+       ptmalloc (See http://www.malloc.de), which are derived
+       from versions of this malloc.
+
+  System requirements: Any combination of MORECORE and/or MMAP/MUNMAP
+       This malloc can use unix sbrk or any emulation (invoked using
+       the CALL_MORECORE macro) and/or mmap/munmap or any emulation
+       (invoked using CALL_MMAP/CALL_MUNMAP) to get and release system
+       memory.  On most unix systems, it tends to work best if both
+       MORECORE and MMAP are enabled.  On Win32, it uses emulations
+       based on VirtualAlloc. It also uses common C library functions
+       like memset.
+
+  Compliance: I believe it is compliant with the Single Unix Specification
+       (See http://www.unix.org). Also SVID/XPG, ANSI C, and probably
+       others as well.
+
+* Overview of algorithms
+
+  This is not the fastest, most space-conserving, most portable, or
+  most tunable malloc ever written. However it is among the fastest
+  while also being among the most space-conserving, portable and
+  tunable.  Consistent balance across these factors results in a good
+  general-purpose allocator for malloc-intensive programs.
+
+  In most ways, this malloc is a best-fit allocator. Generally, it
+  chooses the best-fitting existing chunk for a request, with ties
+  broken in approximately least-recently-used order. (This strategy
+  normally maintains low fragmentation.) However, for requests less
+  than 256bytes, it deviates from best-fit when there is not an
+  exactly fitting available chunk by preferring to use space adjacent
+  to that used for the previous small request, as well as by breaking
+  ties in approximately most-recently-used order. (These enhance
+  locality of series of small allocations.)  And for very large requests
+  (>= 256Kb by default), it relies on system memory mapping
+  facilities, if supported.  (This helps avoid carrying around and
+  possibly fragmenting memory used only for large chunks.)
+
+  All operations (except malloc_stats and mallinfo) have execution
+  times that are bounded by a constant factor of the number of bits in
+  a size_t, not counting any clearing in calloc or copying in realloc,
+  or actions surrounding MORECORE and MMAP that have times
+  proportional to the number of non-contiguous regions returned by
+  system allocation routines, which is often just 1. In real-time
+  applications, you can optionally suppress segment traversals using
+  NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL, which assures bounded execution even when
+  system allocators return non-contiguous spaces, at the typical
+  expense of carrying around more memory and increased fragmentation.
+
+  The implementation is not very modular and seriously overuses
+  macros. Perhaps someday all C compilers will do as good a job
+  inlining modular code as can now be done by brute-force expansion,
+  but now, enough of them seem not to.
+
+  Some compilers issue a lot of warnings about code that is
+  dead/unreachable only on some platforms, and also about intentional
+  uses of negation on unsigned types. All known cases of each can be
+  ignored.
+
+  For a longer but out of date high-level description, see
+     http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html
+
+* MSPACES
+  If MSPACES is defined, then in addition to malloc, free, etc.,
+  this file also defines mspace_malloc, mspace_free, etc. These
+  are versions of malloc routines that take an "mspace" argument
+  obtained using create_mspace, to control all internal bookkeeping.
+  If ONLY_MSPACES is defined, only these versions are compiled.
+  So if you would like to use this allocator for only some allocations,
+  and your system malloc for others, you can compile with
+  ONLY_MSPACES and then do something like...
+    static mspace mymspace = create_mspace(0,0); // for example
+    #define mymalloc(bytes)  mspace_malloc(mymspace, bytes)
+
+  (Note: If you only need one instance of an mspace, you can instead
+  use "USE_DL_PREFIX" to relabel the global malloc.)
+
+  You can similarly create thread-local allocators by storing
+  mspaces as thread-locals. For example:
+    static __thread mspace tlms = 0;
+    void*  tlmalloc(size_t bytes) {
+      if (tlms == 0) tlms = create_mspace(0, 0);
+      return mspace_malloc(tlms, bytes);
+    }
+    void  tlfree(void* mem) { mspace_free(tlms, mem); }
+
+  Unless FOOTERS is defined, each mspace is completely independent.
+  You cannot allocate from one and free to another (although
+  conformance is only weakly checked, so usage errors are not always
+  caught). If FOOTERS is defined, then each chunk carries around a tag
+  indicating its originating mspace, and frees are directed to their
+  originating spaces.
+
+ -------------------------  Compile-time options ---------------------------
+
+Be careful in setting #define values for numerical constants of type
+size_t. On some systems, literal values are not automatically extended
+to size_t precision unless they are explicitly casted. You can also
+use the symbolic values MAX_SIZE_T, SIZE_T_ONE, etc below.
+
+WIN32                    default: defined if _WIN32 defined
+  Defining WIN32 sets up defaults for MS environment and compilers.
+  Otherwise defaults are for unix. Beware that there seem to be some
+  cases where this malloc might not be a pure drop-in replacement for
+  Win32 malloc: Random-looking failures from Win32 GDI API's (eg;
+  SetDIBits()) may be due to bugs in some video driver implementations
+  when pixel buffers are malloc()ed, and the region spans more than
+  one VirtualAlloc()ed region. Because dlmalloc uses a small (64Kb)
+  default granularity, pixel buffers may straddle virtual allocation
+  regions more often than when using the Microsoft allocator.  You can
+  avoid this by using VirtualAlloc() and VirtualFree() for all pixel
+  buffers rather than using malloc().  If this is not possible,
+  recompile this malloc with a larger DEFAULT_GRANULARITY.
+
+MALLOC_ALIGNMENT         default: (size_t)8
+  Controls the minimum alignment for malloc'ed chunks.  It must be a
+  power of two and at least 8, even on machines for which smaller
+  alignments would suffice. It may be defined as larger than this
+  though. Note however that code and data structures are optimized for
+  the case of 8-byte alignment.
+
+MSPACES                  default: 0 (false)
+  If true, compile in support for independent allocation spaces.
+  This is only supported if HAVE_MMAP is true.
+
+ONLY_MSPACES             default: 0 (false)
+  If true, only compile in mspace versions, not regular versions.
+
+USE_LOCKS                default: 0 (false)
+  Causes each call to each public routine to be surrounded with
+  pthread or WIN32 mutex lock/unlock. (If set true, this can be
+  overridden on a per-mspace basis for mspace versions.) If set to a
+  non-zero value other than 1, locks are used, but their
+  implementation is left out, so lock functions must be supplied manually.
+
+USE_SPIN_LOCKS           default: 1 iff USE_LOCKS and on x86 using gcc or MSC
+  If true, uses custom spin locks for locking. This is currently
+  supported only for x86 platforms using gcc or recent MS compilers.
+  Otherwise, posix locks or win32 critical sections are used.
+
+FOOTERS                  default: 0
+  If true, provide extra checking and dispatching by placing
+  information in the footers of allocated chunks. This adds
+  space and time overhead.
+
+INSECURE                 default: 0
+  If true, omit checks for usage errors and heap space overwrites.
+
+USE_DL_PREFIX            default: NOT defined
+  Causes compiler to prefix all public routines with the string 'dl'.
+  This can be useful when you only want to use this malloc in one part
+  of a program, using your regular system malloc elsewhere.
+
+ABORT                    default: defined as abort()
+  Defines how to abort on failed checks.  On most systems, a failed
+  check cannot die with an "assert" or even print an informative
+  message, because the underlying print routines in turn call malloc,
+  which will fail again.  Generally, the best policy is to simply call
+  abort(). It's not very useful to do more than this because many
+  errors due to overwriting will show up as address faults (null, odd
+  addresses etc) rather than malloc-triggered checks, so will also
+  abort.  Also, most compilers know that abort() does not return, so
+  can better optimize code conditionally calling it.
+
+PROCEED_ON_ERROR           default: defined as 0 (false)
+  Controls whether detected bad addresses cause them to bypassed
+  rather than aborting. If set, detected bad arguments to free and
+  realloc are ignored. And all bookkeeping information is zeroed out
+  upon a detected overwrite of freed heap space, thus losing the
+  ability to ever return it from malloc again, but enabling the
+  application to proceed. If PROCEED_ON_ERROR is defined, the
+  static variable malloc_corruption_error_count is compiled in
+  and can be examined to see if errors have occurred. This option
+  generates slower code than the default abort policy.
+
+DEBUG                    default: NOT defined
+  The DEBUG setting is mainly intended for people trying to modify
+  this code or diagnose problems when porting to new platforms.
+  However, it may also be able to better isolate user errors than just
+  using runtime checks.  The assertions in the check routines spell
+  out in more detail the assumptions and invariants underlying the
+  algorithms.  The checking is fairly extensive, and will slow down
+  execution noticeably. Calling malloc_stats or mallinfo with DEBUG
+  set will attempt to check every non-mmapped allocated and free chunk
+  in the course of computing the summaries.
+
+ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE   default: defined as 1 (true)
+  Debugging assertion failures can be nearly impossible if your
+  version of the assert macro causes malloc to be called, which will
+  lead to a cascade of further failures, blowing the runtime stack.
+  ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE cause assertions failures to call abort(),
+  which will usually make debugging easier.
+
+MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION     default: sets errno to ENOMEM, or no-op on win32
+  The action to take before "return 0" when malloc fails to be able to
+  return memory because there is none available.
+
+HAVE_MORECORE             default: 1 (true) unless win32 or ONLY_MSPACES
+  True if this system supports sbrk or an emulation of it.
+
+MORECORE                  default: sbrk
+  The name of the sbrk-style system routine to call to obtain more
+  memory.  See below for guidance on writing custom MORECORE
+  functions. The type of the argument to sbrk/MORECORE varies across
+  systems.  It cannot be size_t, because it supports negative
+  arguments, so it is normally the signed type of the same width as
+  size_t (sometimes declared as "intptr_t").  It doesn't much matter
+  though. Internally, we only call it with arguments less than half
+  the max value of a size_t, which should work across all reasonable
+  possibilities, although sometimes generating compiler warnings.
+
+MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS       default: 1 (true) if HAVE_MORECORE
+  If true, take advantage of fact that consecutive calls to MORECORE
+  with positive arguments always return contiguous increasing
+  addresses.  This is true of unix sbrk. It does not hurt too much to
+  set it true anyway, since malloc copes with non-contiguities.
+  Setting it false when definitely non-contiguous saves time
+  and possibly wasted space it would take to discover this though.
+
+MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM      default: NOT defined
+  True if MORECORE cannot release space back to the system when given
+  negative arguments. This is generally necessary only if you are
+  using a hand-crafted MORECORE function that cannot handle negative
+  arguments.
+
+NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL       default: 0
+  If non-zero, suppresses traversals of memory segments
+  returned by either MORECORE or CALL_MMAP. This disables
+  merging of segments that are contiguous, and selectively
+  releasing them to the OS if unused, but bounds execution times.
+
+HAVE_MMAP                 default: 1 (true)
+  True if this system supports mmap or an emulation of it.  If so, and
+  HAVE_MORECORE is not true, MMAP is used for all system
+  allocation. If set and HAVE_MORECORE is true as well, MMAP is
+  primarily used to directly allocate very large blocks. It is also
+  used as a backup strategy in cases where MORECORE fails to provide
+  space from system. Note: A single call to MUNMAP is assumed to be
+  able to unmap memory that may have be allocated using multiple calls
+  to MMAP, so long as they are adjacent.
+
+HAVE_MREMAP               default: 1 on linux, else 0
+  If true realloc() uses mremap() to re-allocate large blocks and
+  extend or shrink allocation spaces.
+
+MMAP_CLEARS               default: 1 except on WINCE.
+  True if mmap clears memory so calloc doesn't need to. This is true
+  for standard unix mmap using /dev/zero and on WIN32 except for WINCE.
+
+USE_BUILTIN_FFS            default: 0 (i.e., not used)
+  Causes malloc to use the builtin ffs() function to compute indices.
+  Some compilers may recognize and intrinsify ffs to be faster than the
+  supplied C version. Also, the case of x86 using gcc is special-cased
+  to an asm instruction, so is already as fast as it can be, and so
+  this setting has no effect. Similarly for Win32 under recent MS compilers.
+  (On most x86s, the asm version is only slightly faster than the C version.)
+
+malloc_getpagesize         default: derive from system includes, or 4096.
+  The system page size. To the extent possible, this malloc manages
+  memory from the system in page-size units.  This may be (and
+  usually is) a function rather than a constant. This is ignored
+  if WIN32, where page size is determined using getSystemInfo during
+  initialization.
+
+USE_DEV_RANDOM             default: 0 (i.e., not used)
+  Causes malloc to use /dev/random to initialize secure magic seed for
+  stamping footers. Otherwise, the current time is used.
+
+NO_MALLINFO                default: 0
+  If defined, don't compile "mallinfo". This can be a simple way
+  of dealing with mismatches between system declarations and
+  those in this file.
+
+MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE        default: size_t
+  The type of the fields in the mallinfo struct. This was originally
+  defined as "int" in SVID etc, but is more usefully defined as
+  size_t. The value is used only if  HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H is not set
+
+REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES    default: not defined
+  This should be set if a call to realloc with zero bytes should
+  be the same as a call to free. Some people think it should. Otherwise,
+  since this malloc returns a unique pointer for malloc(0), so does
+  realloc(p, 0).
+
+LACKS_UNISTD_H, LACKS_FCNTL_H, LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H, LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+LACKS_STRINGS_H, LACKS_STRING_H, LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H,  LACKS_ERRNO_H
+LACKS_STDLIB_H                default: NOT defined unless on WIN32
+  Define these if your system does not have these header files.
+  You might need to manually insert some of the declarations they provide.
+
+DEFAULT_GRANULARITY        default: page size if MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS,
+				system_info.dwAllocationGranularity in WIN32,
+				otherwise 64K.
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_GRANULARITY, x)
+  The unit for allocating and deallocating memory from the system.  On
+  most systems with contiguous MORECORE, there is no reason to
+  make this more than a page. However, systems with MMAP tend to
+  either require or encourage larger granularities.  You can increase
+  this value to prevent system allocation functions to be called so
+  often, especially if they are slow.  The value must be at least one
+  page and must be a power of two.  Setting to 0 causes initialization
+  to either page size or win32 region size.  (Note: In previous
+  versions of malloc, the equivalent of this option was called
+  "TOP_PAD")
+
+DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD    default: 2MB
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_TRIM_THRESHOLD, x)
+  The maximum amount of unused top-most memory to keep before
+  releasing via malloc_trim in free().  Automatic trimming is mainly
+  useful in long-lived programs using contiguous MORECORE.  Because
+  trimming via sbrk can be slow on some systems, and can sometimes be
+  wasteful (in cases where programs immediately afterward allocate
+  more large chunks) the value should be high enough so that your
+  overall system performance would improve by releasing this much
+  memory.  As a rough guide, you might set to a value close to the
+  average size of a process (program) running on your system.
+  Releasing this much memory would allow such a process to run in
+  memory.  Generally, it is worth tuning trim thresholds when a
+  program undergoes phases where several large chunks are allocated
+  and released in ways that can reuse each other's storage, perhaps
+  mixed with phases where there are no such chunks at all. The trim
+  value must be greater than page size to have any useful effect.  To
+  disable trimming completely, you can set to MAX_SIZE_T. Note that the trick
+  some people use of mallocing a huge space and then freeing it at
+  program startup, in an attempt to reserve system memory, doesn't
+  have the intended effect under automatic trimming, since that memory
+  will immediately be returned to the system.
+
+DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD       default: 256K
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_MMAP_THRESHOLD, x)
+  The request size threshold for using MMAP to directly service a
+  request. Requests of at least this size that cannot be allocated
+  using already-existing space will be serviced via mmap.  (If enough
+  normal freed space already exists it is used instead.)  Using mmap
+  segregates relatively large chunks of memory so that they can be
+  individually obtained and released from the host system. A request
+  serviced through mmap is never reused by any other request (at least
+  not directly; the system may just so happen to remap successive
+  requests to the same locations).  Segregating space in this way has
+  the benefits that: Mmapped space can always be individually released
+  back to the system, which helps keep the system level memory demands
+  of a long-lived program low.  Also, mapped memory doesn't become
+  `locked' between other chunks, as can happen with normally allocated
+  chunks, which means that even trimming via malloc_trim would not
+  release them.  However, it has the disadvantage that the space
+  cannot be reclaimed, consolidated, and then used to service later
+  requests, as happens with normal chunks.  The advantages of mmap
+  nearly always outweigh disadvantages for "large" chunks, but the
+  value of "large" may vary across systems.  The default is an
+  empirically derived value that works well in most systems. You can
+  disable mmap by setting to MAX_SIZE_T.
+
+MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE   default: 4095 unless not HAVE_MMAP
+  The number of consolidated frees between checks to release
+  unused segments when freeing. When using non-contiguous segments,
+  especially with multiple mspaces, checking only for topmost space
+  doesn't always suffice to trigger trimming. To compensate for this,
+  free() will, with a period of MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE (or the
+  current number of segments, if greater) try to release unused
+  segments to the OS when freeing chunks that result in
+  consolidation. The best value for this parameter is a compromise
+  between slowing down frees with relatively costly checks that
+  rarely trigger versus holding on to unused memory. To effectively
+  disable, set to MAX_SIZE_T. This may lead to a very slight speed
+  improvement at the expense of carrying around more memory.
+*/
+
+/* Version identifier to allow people to support multiple versions */
+#ifndef DLMALLOC_VERSION
+#define DLMALLOC_VERSION 20804
+#endif /* DLMALLOC_VERSION */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define WIN32 1
+#endif  /* _WIN32 */
+#ifdef _WIN32_WCE
+#define LACKS_FCNTL_H
+#define WIN32 1
+#endif /* _WIN32_WCE */
+#endif  /* WIN32 */
+#ifdef WIN32
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x403
+#include <windows.h>
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#define LACKS_UNISTD_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+#define LACKS_STRING_H
+#define LACKS_STRINGS_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H
+#define LACKS_ERRNO_H
+#ifndef MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#define MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#endif /* MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#ifdef _WIN32_WCE /* WINCE reportedly does not clear */
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 0
+#else
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 1
+#endif /* _WIN32_WCE */
+#endif  /* WIN32 */
+
+#if defined(DARWIN) || defined(_DARWIN)
+/* Mac OSX docs advise not to use sbrk; it seems better to use mmap */
+#ifndef HAVE_MORECORE
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+/* OSX allocators provide 16 byte alignment */
+#ifndef MALLOC_ALIGNMENT
+#define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT ((size_t)16U)
+#endif
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#endif  /* DARWIN */
+
+#ifndef LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H
+#include <sys/types.h>  /* For size_t */
+#endif  /* LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H */
+
+/* The maximum possible size_t value has all bits set */
+#define MAX_SIZE_T           (~(size_t)0)
+
+#ifndef ONLY_MSPACES
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 0     /* define to a value */
+#else
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 1
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#ifndef MSPACES
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define MSPACES 1
+#else   /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#define MSPACES 0
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#endif  /* MSPACES */
+#ifndef MALLOC_ALIGNMENT
+#define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT ((size_t)8U)
+#endif  /* MALLOC_ALIGNMENT */
+#ifndef FOOTERS
+#define FOOTERS 0
+#endif  /* FOOTERS */
+#ifndef ABORT
+#define ABORT  abort()
+#endif  /* ABORT */
+#ifndef ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE
+#define ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE 1
+#endif  /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#ifndef PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+#define PROCEED_ON_ERROR 0
+#endif  /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+#ifndef USE_LOCKS
+#define USE_LOCKS 0
+#endif  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#ifndef USE_SPIN_LOCKS
+#if USE_LOCKS && (defined(__GNUC__) && ((defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)))) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1310)
+#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 1
+#else
+#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 0
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS && ... */
+#endif /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+#ifndef INSECURE
+#define INSECURE 0
+#endif  /* INSECURE */
+#ifndef HAVE_MMAP
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+#endif  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#ifndef MMAP_CLEARS
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 1
+#endif  /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+#ifndef HAVE_MREMAP
+#ifdef linux
+#define HAVE_MREMAP 1
+#else   /* linux */
+#define HAVE_MREMAP 0
+#endif  /* linux */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MREMAP */
+#ifndef MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#define MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION  errno = ENOMEM;
+#endif  /* MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#ifndef HAVE_MORECORE
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#else   /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 1
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#if !HAVE_MORECORE
+#define MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS 0
+#else   /* !HAVE_MORECORE */
+#define MORECORE_DEFAULT sbrk
+#ifndef MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+#define MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS 1
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_GRANULARITY
+#if (MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS || defined(WIN32))
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY (0)  /* 0 means to compute in init_mparams */
+#else   /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY ((size_t)64U * (size_t)1024U)
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_GRANULARITY */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD
+#ifndef MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM
+#define DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD ((size_t)2U * (size_t)1024U * (size_t)1024U)
+#else   /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#define DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#define DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD ((size_t)256U * (size_t)1024U)
+#else   /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#define DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD */
+#ifndef MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#define MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE 4095
+#else
+#define MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#endif /* MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE */
+#ifndef USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#define USE_BUILTIN_FFS 0
+#endif  /* USE_BUILTIN_FFS */
+#ifndef USE_DEV_RANDOM
+#define USE_DEV_RANDOM 0
+#endif  /* USE_DEV_RANDOM */
+#ifndef NO_MALLINFO
+#define NO_MALLINFO 0
+#endif  /* NO_MALLINFO */
+#ifndef MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE
+#define MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE size_t
+#endif  /* MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE */
+#ifndef NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL
+#define NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL 0
+#endif /* NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL */
+
+/*
+  mallopt tuning options.  SVID/XPG defines four standard parameter
+  numbers for mallopt, normally defined in malloc.h.  None of these
+  are used in this malloc, so setting them has no effect. But this
+  malloc does support the following options.
+*/
+
+#define M_TRIM_THRESHOLD     (-1)
+#define M_GRANULARITY        (-2)
+#define M_MMAP_THRESHOLD     (-3)
+
+/* ------------------------ Mallinfo declarations ------------------------ */
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  This version of malloc supports the standard SVID/XPG mallinfo
+  routine that returns a struct containing usage properties and
+  statistics. It should work on any system that has a
+  /usr/include/malloc.h defining struct mallinfo.  The main
+  declaration needed is the mallinfo struct that is returned (by-copy)
+  by mallinfo().  The malloinfo struct contains a bunch of fields that
+  are not even meaningful in this version of malloc.  These fields are
+  are instead filled by mallinfo() with other numbers that might be of
+  interest.
+
+  HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H should be set if you have a
+  /usr/include/malloc.h file that includes a declaration of struct
+  mallinfo.  If so, it is included; else a compliant version is
+  declared below.  These must be precisely the same for mallinfo() to
+  work.  The original SVID version of this struct, defined on most
+  systems with mallinfo, declares all fields as ints. But some others
+  define as unsigned long. If your system defines the fields using a
+  type of different width than listed here, you MUST #include your
+  system version and #define HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H.
+*/
+
+/* #define HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H
+#include "/usr/include/malloc.h"
+#else /* HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+#ifndef STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED
+#define STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED 1
+struct mallinfo {
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE arena;    /* non-mmapped space allocated from system */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE ordblks;  /* number of free chunks */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE smblks;   /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE hblks;    /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE hblkhd;   /* space in mmapped regions */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE usmblks;  /* maximum total allocated space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE fsmblks;  /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE uordblks; /* total allocated space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE fordblks; /* total free space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE keepcost; /* releasable (via malloc_trim) space */
+};
+#endif /* STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED */
+#endif /* HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  Try to persuade compilers to inline. The most critical functions for
+  inlining are defined as macros, so these aren't used for them.
+*/
+
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define FORCEINLINE __inline __attribute__ ((always_inline))
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define FORCEINLINE __forceinline
+  #endif
+#endif
+#ifndef NOINLINE
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+    #define NOINLINE __attribute__ ((noinline))
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define NOINLINE __declspec(noinline)
+  #else
+    #define NOINLINE
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+ #define FORCEINLINE inline
+#endif
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+ #define FORCEINLINE
+#endif
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+/* ------------------- Declarations of public routines ------------------- */
+
+#ifndef USE_DL_PREFIX
+#define dlcalloc               calloc
+#define dlfree                 free
+#define dlmalloc               malloc
+#define dlmemalign             memalign
+#define dlrealloc              realloc
+#define dlvalloc               valloc
+#define dlpvalloc              pvalloc
+#define dlmallinfo             mallinfo
+#define dlmallopt              mallopt
+#define dlmalloc_trim          malloc_trim
+#define dlmalloc_stats         malloc_stats
+#define dlmalloc_usable_size   malloc_usable_size
+#define dlmalloc_footprint     malloc_footprint
+#define dlmalloc_max_footprint malloc_max_footprint
+#define dlindependent_calloc   independent_calloc
+#define dlindependent_comalloc independent_comalloc
+#endif /* USE_DL_PREFIX */
+
+
+/*
+  malloc(size_t n)
+  Returns a pointer to a newly allocated chunk of at least n bytes, or
+  null if no space is available, in which case errno is set to ENOMEM
+  on ANSI C systems.
+
+  If n is zero, malloc returns a minimum-sized chunk. (The minimum
+  size is 16 bytes on most 32bit systems, and 32 bytes on 64bit
+  systems.)  Note that size_t is an unsigned type, so calls with
+  arguments that would be negative if signed are interpreted as
+  requests for huge amounts of space, which will often fail. The
+  maximum supported value of n differs across systems, but is in all
+  cases less than the maximum representable value of a size_t.
+*/
+void* dlmalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  free(void* p)
+  Releases the chunk of memory pointed to by p, that had been previously
+  allocated using malloc or a related routine such as realloc.
+  It has no effect if p is null. If p was not malloced or already
+  freed, free(p) will by default cause the current program to abort.
+*/
+void  dlfree(void*);
+
+/*
+  calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t element_size);
+  Returns a pointer to n_elements * element_size bytes, with all locations
+  set to zero.
+*/
+void* dlcalloc(size_t, size_t);
+
+/*
+  realloc(void* p, size_t n)
+  Returns a pointer to a chunk of size n that contains the same data
+  as does chunk p up to the minimum of (n, p's size) bytes, or null
+  if no space is available.
+
+  The returned pointer may or may not be the same as p. The algorithm
+  prefers extending p in most cases when possible, otherwise it
+  employs the equivalent of a malloc-copy-free sequence.
+
+  If p is null, realloc is equivalent to malloc.
+
+  If space is not available, realloc returns null, errno is set (if on
+  ANSI) and p is NOT freed.
+
+  if n is for fewer bytes than already held by p, the newly unused
+  space is lopped off and freed if possible.  realloc with a size
+  argument of zero (re)allocates a minimum-sized chunk.
+
+  The old unix realloc convention of allowing the last-free'd chunk
+  to be used as an argument to realloc is not supported.
+*/
+
+void* dlrealloc(void*, size_t);
+
+/*
+  memalign(size_t alignment, size_t n);
+  Returns a pointer to a newly allocated chunk of n bytes, aligned
+  in accord with the alignment argument.
+
+  The alignment argument should be a power of two. If the argument is
+  not a power of two, the nearest greater power is used.
+  8-byte alignment is guaranteed by normal malloc calls, so don't
+  bother calling memalign with an argument of 8 or less.
+
+  Overreliance on memalign is a sure way to fragment space.
+*/
+void* dlmemalign(size_t, size_t);
+
+/*
+  valloc(size_t n);
+  Equivalent to memalign(pagesize, n), where pagesize is the page
+  size of the system. If the pagesize is unknown, 4096 is used.
+*/
+void* dlvalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  mallopt(int parameter_number, int parameter_value)
+  Sets tunable parameters The format is to provide a
+  (parameter-number, parameter-value) pair.  mallopt then sets the
+  corresponding parameter to the argument value if it can (i.e., so
+  long as the value is meaningful), and returns 1 if successful else
+  0.  To workaround the fact that mallopt is specified to use int,
+  not size_t parameters, the value -1 is specially treated as the
+  maximum unsigned size_t value.
+
+  SVID/XPG/ANSI defines four standard param numbers for mallopt,
+  normally defined in malloc.h.  None of these are use in this malloc,
+  so setting them has no effect. But this malloc also supports other
+  options in mallopt. See below for details.  Briefly, supported
+  parameters are as follows (listed defaults are for "typical"
+  configurations).
+
+  Symbol            param #  default    allowed param values
+  M_TRIM_THRESHOLD     -1   2*1024*1024   any   (-1 disables)
+  M_GRANULARITY        -2     page size   any power of 2 >= page size
+  M_MMAP_THRESHOLD     -3      256*1024   any   (or 0 if no MMAP support)
+*/
+int dlmallopt(int, int);
+
+/*
+  malloc_footprint();
+  Returns the number of bytes obtained from the system.  The total
+  number of bytes allocated by malloc, realloc etc., is less than this
+  value. Unlike mallinfo, this function returns only a precomputed
+  result, so can be called frequently to monitor memory consumption.
+  Even if locks are otherwise defined, this function does not use them,
+  so results might not be up to date.
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_footprint(void);
+
+/*
+  malloc_max_footprint();
+  Returns the maximum number of bytes obtained from the system. This
+  value will be greater than current footprint if deallocated space
+  has been reclaimed by the system. The peak number of bytes allocated
+  by malloc, realloc etc., is less than this value. Unlike mallinfo,
+  this function returns only a precomputed result, so can be called
+  frequently to monitor memory consumption.  Even if locks are
+  otherwise defined, this function does not use them, so results might
+  not be up to date.
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_max_footprint(void);
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  mallinfo()
+  Returns (by copy) a struct containing various summary statistics:
+
+  arena:     current total non-mmapped bytes allocated from system
+  ordblks:   the number of free chunks
+  smblks:    always zero.
+  hblks:     current number of mmapped regions
+  hblkhd:    total bytes held in mmapped regions
+  usmblks:   the maximum total allocated space. This will be greater
+		than current total if trimming has occurred.
+  fsmblks:   always zero
+  uordblks:  current total allocated space (normal or mmapped)
+  fordblks:  total free space
+  keepcost:  the maximum number of bytes that could ideally be released
+	       back to system via malloc_trim. ("ideally" means that
+	       it ignores page restrictions etc.)
+
+  Because these fields are ints, but internal bookkeeping may
+  be kept as longs, the reported values may wrap around zero and
+  thus be inaccurate.
+*/
+struct mallinfo dlmallinfo(void);
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  independent_calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t element_size, void* chunks[]);
+
+  independent_calloc is similar to calloc, but instead of returning a
+  single cleared space, it returns an array of pointers to n_elements
+  independent elements that can hold contents of size elem_size, each
+  of which starts out cleared, and can be independently freed,
+  realloc'ed etc. The elements are guaranteed to be adjacently
+  allocated (this is not guaranteed to occur with multiple callocs or
+  mallocs), which may also improve cache locality in some
+  applications.
+
+  The "chunks" argument is optional (i.e., may be null, which is
+  probably the most typical usage). If it is null, the returned array
+  is itself dynamically allocated and should also be freed when it is
+  no longer needed. Otherwise, the chunks array must be of at least
+  n_elements in length. It is filled in with the pointers to the
+  chunks.
+
+  In either case, independent_calloc returns this pointer array, or
+  null if the allocation failed.  If n_elements is zero and "chunks"
+  is null, it returns a chunk representing an array with zero elements
+  (which should be freed if not wanted).
+
+  Each element must be individually freed when it is no longer
+  needed. If you'd like to instead be able to free all at once, you
+  should instead use regular calloc and assign pointers into this
+  space to represent elements.  (In this case though, you cannot
+  independently free elements.)
+
+  independent_calloc simplifies and speeds up implementations of many
+  kinds of pools.  It may also be useful when constructing large data
+  structures that initially have a fixed number of fixed-sized nodes,
+  but the number is not known at compile time, and some of the nodes
+  may later need to be freed. For example:
+
+  struct Node { int item; struct Node* next; };
+
+  struct Node* build_list() {
+    struct Node** pool;
+    int n = read_number_of_nodes_needed();
+    if (n <= 0) return 0;
+    pool = (struct Node**)(independent_calloc(n, sizeof(struct Node), 0);
+    if (pool == 0) die();
+    // organize into a linked list...
+    struct Node* first = pool[0];
+    for (i = 0; i < n-1; ++i)
+      pool[i]->next = pool[i+1];
+    free(pool);     // Can now free the array (or not, if it is needed later)
+    return first;
+  }
+*/
+void** dlindependent_calloc(size_t, size_t, void**);
+
+/*
+  independent_comalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]);
+
+  independent_comalloc allocates, all at once, a set of n_elements
+  chunks with sizes indicated in the "sizes" array.    It returns
+  an array of pointers to these elements, each of which can be
+  independently freed, realloc'ed etc. The elements are guaranteed to
+  be adjacently allocated (this is not guaranteed to occur with
+  multiple callocs or mallocs), which may also improve cache locality
+  in some applications.
+
+  The "chunks" argument is optional (i.e., may be null). If it is null
+  the returned array is itself dynamically allocated and should also
+  be freed when it is no longer needed. Otherwise, the chunks array
+  must be of at least n_elements in length. It is filled in with the
+  pointers to the chunks.
+
+  In either case, independent_comalloc returns this pointer array, or
+  null if the allocation failed.  If n_elements is zero and chunks is
+  null, it returns a chunk representing an array with zero elements
+  (which should be freed if not wanted).
+
+  Each element must be individually freed when it is no longer
+  needed. If you'd like to instead be able to free all at once, you
+  should instead use a single regular malloc, and assign pointers at
+  particular offsets in the aggregate space. (In this case though, you
+  cannot independently free elements.)
+
+  independent_comallac differs from independent_calloc in that each
+  element may have a different size, and also that it does not
+  automatically clear elements.
+
+  independent_comalloc can be used to speed up allocation in cases
+  where several structs or objects must always be allocated at the
+  same time.  For example:
+
+  struct Head { ... }
+  struct Foot { ... }
+
+  void send_message(char* msg) {
+    int msglen = strlen(msg);
+    size_t sizes[3] = { sizeof(struct Head), msglen, sizeof(struct Foot) };
+    void* chunks[3];
+    if (independent_comalloc(3, sizes, chunks) == 0)
+      die();
+    struct Head* head = (struct Head*)(chunks[0]);
+    char*        body = (char*)(chunks[1]);
+    struct Foot* foot = (struct Foot*)(chunks[2]);
+    // ...
+  }
+
+  In general though, independent_comalloc is worth using only for
+  larger values of n_elements. For small values, you probably won't
+  detect enough difference from series of malloc calls to bother.
+
+  Overuse of independent_comalloc can increase overall memory usage,
+  since it cannot reuse existing noncontiguous small chunks that
+  might be available for some of the elements.
+*/
+void** dlindependent_comalloc(size_t, size_t*, void**);
+
+
+/*
+  pvalloc(size_t n);
+  Equivalent to valloc(minimum-page-that-holds(n)), that is,
+  round up n to nearest pagesize.
+ */
+void*  dlpvalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  malloc_trim(size_t pad);
+
+  If possible, gives memory back to the system (via negative arguments
+  to sbrk) if there is unused memory at the `high' end of the malloc
+  pool or in unused MMAP segments. You can call this after freeing
+  large blocks of memory to potentially reduce the system-level memory
+  requirements of a program. However, it cannot guarantee to reduce
+  memory. Under some allocation patterns, some large free blocks of
+  memory will be locked between two used chunks, so they cannot be
+  given back to the system.
+
+  The `pad' argument to malloc_trim represents the amount of free
+  trailing space to leave untrimmed. If this argument is zero, only
+  the minimum amount of memory to maintain internal data structures
+  will be left. Non-zero arguments can be supplied to maintain enough
+  trailing space to service future expected allocations without having
+  to re-obtain memory from the system.
+
+  Malloc_trim returns 1 if it actually released any memory, else 0.
+*/
+int  dlmalloc_trim(size_t);
+
+/*
+  malloc_stats();
+  Prints on stderr the amount of space obtained from the system (both
+  via sbrk and mmap), the maximum amount (which may be more than
+  current if malloc_trim and/or munmap got called), and the current
+  number of bytes allocated via malloc (or realloc, etc) but not yet
+  freed. Note that this is the number of bytes allocated, not the
+  number requested. It will be larger than the number requested
+  because of alignment and bookkeeping overhead. Because it includes
+  alignment wastage as being in use, this figure may be greater than
+  zero even when no user-level chunks are allocated.
+
+  The reported current and maximum system memory can be inaccurate if
+  a program makes other calls to system memory allocation functions
+  (normally sbrk) outside of malloc.
+
+  malloc_stats prints only the most commonly interesting statistics.
+  More information can be obtained by calling mallinfo.
+*/
+void  dlmalloc_stats(void);
+
+#endif /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+/*
+  malloc_usable_size(void* p);
+
+  Returns the number of bytes you can actually use in
+  an allocated chunk, which may be more than you requested (although
+  often not) due to alignment and minimum size constraints.
+  You can use this many bytes without worrying about
+  overwriting other allocated objects. This is not a particularly great
+  programming practice. malloc_usable_size can be more useful in
+  debugging and assertions, for example:
+
+  p = malloc(n);
+  assert(malloc_usable_size(p) >= 256);
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_usable_size(void*);
+
+
+#if MSPACES
+
+/*
+  mspace is an opaque type representing an independent
+  region of space that supports mspace_malloc, etc.
+*/
+typedef void* mspace;
+
+/*
+  create_mspace creates and returns a new independent space with the
+  given initial capacity, or, if 0, the default granularity size.  It
+  returns null if there is no system memory available to create the
+  space.  If argument locked is non-zero, the space uses a separate
+  lock to control access. The capacity of the space will grow
+  dynamically as needed to service mspace_malloc requests.  You can
+  control the sizes of incremental increases of this space by
+  compiling with a different DEFAULT_GRANULARITY or dynamically
+  setting with mallopt(M_GRANULARITY, value).
+*/
+mspace create_mspace(size_t capacity, int locked);
+
+/*
+  destroy_mspace destroys the given space, and attempts to return all
+  of its memory back to the system, returning the total number of
+  bytes freed. After destruction, the results of access to all memory
+  used by the space become undefined.
+*/
+size_t destroy_mspace(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  create_mspace_with_base uses the memory supplied as the initial base
+  of a new mspace. Part (less than 128*sizeof(size_t) bytes) of this
+  space is used for bookkeeping, so the capacity must be at least this
+  large. (Otherwise 0 is returned.) When this initial space is
+  exhausted, additional memory will be obtained from the system.
+  Destroying this space will deallocate all additionally allocated
+  space (if possible) but not the initial base.
+*/
+mspace create_mspace_with_base(void* base, size_t capacity, int locked);
+
+/*
+  mspace_mmap_large_chunks controls whether requests for large chunks
+  are allocated in their own mmapped regions, separate from others in
+  this mspace. By default this is enabled, which reduces
+  fragmentation. However, such chunks are not necessarily released to
+  the system upon destroy_mspace.  Disabling by setting to false may
+  increase fragmentation, but avoids leakage when relying on
+  destroy_mspace to release all memory allocated using this space.
+*/
+int mspace_mmap_large_chunks(mspace msp, int enable);
+
+
+/*
+  mspace_malloc behaves as malloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_malloc(mspace msp, size_t bytes);
+
+/*
+  mspace_free behaves as free, but operates within
+  the given space.
+
+  If compiled with FOOTERS==1, mspace_free is not actually needed.
+  free may be called instead of mspace_free because freed chunks from
+  any space are handled by their originating spaces.
+*/
+void mspace_free(mspace msp, void* mem);
+
+/*
+  mspace_realloc behaves as realloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+
+  If compiled with FOOTERS==1, mspace_realloc is not actually
+  needed.  realloc may be called instead of mspace_realloc because
+  realloced chunks from any space are handled by their originating
+  spaces.
+*/
+void* mspace_realloc(mspace msp, void* mem, size_t newsize);
+
+/*
+  mspace_calloc behaves as calloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size);
+
+/*
+  mspace_memalign behaves as memalign, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_memalign(mspace msp, size_t alignment, size_t bytes);
+
+/*
+  mspace_independent_calloc behaves as independent_calloc, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+void** mspace_independent_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				 size_t elem_size, void* chunks[]);
+
+/*
+  mspace_independent_comalloc behaves as independent_comalloc, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+void** mspace_independent_comalloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				   size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]);
+
+/*
+  mspace_footprint() returns the number of bytes obtained from the
+  system for this space.
+*/
+size_t mspace_footprint(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  mspace_max_footprint() returns the peak number of bytes obtained from the
+  system for this space.
+*/
+size_t mspace_max_footprint(mspace msp);
+
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  mspace_mallinfo behaves as mallinfo, but reports properties of
+  the given space.
+*/
+struct mallinfo mspace_mallinfo(mspace msp);
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  malloc_usable_size(void* p) behaves the same as malloc_usable_size;
+*/
+  size_t mspace_usable_size(void* mem);
+
+/*
+  mspace_malloc_stats behaves as malloc_stats, but reports
+  properties of the given space.
+*/
+void mspace_malloc_stats(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  mspace_trim behaves as malloc_trim, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+int mspace_trim(mspace msp, size_t pad);
+
+/*
+  An alias for mallopt.
+*/
+int mspace_mallopt(int, int);
+
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};  /* end of extern "C" */
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/*
+  ========================================================================
+  To make a fully customizable malloc.h header file, cut everything
+  above this line, put into file malloc.h, edit to suit, and #include it
+  on the next line, as well as in programs that use this malloc.
+  ========================================================================
+*/
+
+/* #include "malloc.h" */
+
+/*------------------------------ internal #includes ---------------------- */
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+#ifndef __GNUC__
+#pragma warning( disable : 4146 ) /* no "unsigned" warnings */
+#endif
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+#include <stdio.h>       /* for printing in malloc_stats */
+
+#ifndef LACKS_ERRNO_H
+#include <errno.h>       /* for MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#endif /* LACKS_ERRNO_H */
+#if FOOTERS
+#include <time.h>        /* for magic initialization */
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+#ifndef LACKS_STDLIB_H
+#include <stdlib.h>      /* for abort() */
+#endif /* LACKS_STDLIB_H */
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#if ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE
+#define assert(x) if(!(x)) ABORT
+#else /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#include <assert.h>
+#endif /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#else  /* DEBUG */
+#ifndef assert
+#define assert(x)
+#endif
+#define DEBUG 0
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+#ifndef LACKS_STRING_H
+#include <string.h>      /* for memset etc */
+#endif  /* LACKS_STRING_H */
+#if USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#ifndef LACKS_STRINGS_H
+#include <strings.h>     /* for ffs */
+#endif /* LACKS_STRINGS_H */
+#endif /* USE_BUILTIN_FFS */
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#ifndef LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+#include <sys/mman.h>    /* for mmap */
+#endif /* LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H */
+#ifndef LACKS_FCNTL_H
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#endif /* LACKS_FCNTL_H */
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#ifndef LACKS_UNISTD_H
+#include <unistd.h>     /* for sbrk, sysconf */
+#else /* LACKS_UNISTD_H */
+#if !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(__NetBSD__)
+extern void*     sbrk(ptrdiff_t);
+#endif /* FreeBSD etc */
+#endif /* LACKS_UNISTD_H */
+
+/* Declarations for locking */
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#ifndef WIN32
+#include <pthread.h>
+#if defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)  /* solaris */
+#include <thread.h>
+#endif /* solaris */
+#else
+#ifndef _M_AMD64
+/* These are already defined on AMD64 builds */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+LONG __cdecl _InterlockedCompareExchange(LONG volatile *Dest, LONG Exchange, LONG Comp);
+LONG __cdecl _InterlockedExchange(LONG volatile *Target, LONG Value);
+#endif
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* _M_AMD64 */
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#pragma intrinsic (_InterlockedCompareExchange)
+#pragma intrinsic (_InterlockedExchange)
+#else
+  /* --[ start GCC compatibility ]----------------------------------------------
+   * Compatibility <intrin_x86.h> header for GCC -- GCC equivalents of intrinsic
+   * Microsoft Visual C++ functions. Originally developed for the ReactOS
+   * (<http://www.reactos.org/>) and TinyKrnl (<http://www.tinykrnl.org/>)
+   * projects.
+   *
+   * Copyright (c) 2006 KJK::Hyperion <hackbunny@reactos.com>
+   *
+   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+   * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+   * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+   * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+   * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+   * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+   *
+   * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+   * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+   *
+   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+   * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+   * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+   * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+   * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+   * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+   */
+
+  /*** Atomic operations ***/
+  #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) > 40100
+    #define _ReadWriteBarrier() __sync_synchronize()
+  #else
+    static __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) long __sync_lock_test_and_set(volatile long * const Target, const long Value)
+    {
+      long res;
+      __asm__ __volatile__("xchg%z0 %2, %0" : "=g" (*(Target)), "=r" (res) : "1" (Value));
+      return res;
+    }
+    static void __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) _MemoryBarrier(void)
+    {
+      __asm__ __volatile__("" : : : "memory");
+    }
+    #define _ReadWriteBarrier() _MemoryBarrier()
+  #endif
+  /* BUGBUG: GCC only supports full barriers */
+  static __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) long _InterlockedExchange(volatile long * const Target, const long Value)
+  {
+    /* NOTE: __sync_lock_test_and_set would be an acquire barrier, so we force a full barrier */
+    _ReadWriteBarrier();
+    return __sync_lock_test_and_set(Target, Value);
+  }
+  /* --[ end GCC compatibility ]---------------------------------------------- */
+#endif
+#define interlockedcompareexchange _InterlockedCompareExchange
+#define interlockedexchange _InterlockedExchange
+#endif /* Win32 */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+/* Declarations for bit scanning on win32 */
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#ifndef BitScanForward	/* Try to avoid pulling in WinNT.h */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+unsigned char _BitScanForward(unsigned long *index, unsigned long mask);
+unsigned char _BitScanReverse(unsigned long *index, unsigned long mask);
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#define BitScanForward _BitScanForward
+#define BitScanReverse _BitScanReverse
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+#endif /* BitScanForward */
+#endif /* defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300 */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#ifndef malloc_getpagesize
+#  ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE         /* some SVR4 systems omit an underscore */
+#    ifndef _SC_PAGE_SIZE
+#      define _SC_PAGE_SIZE _SC_PAGESIZE
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#  ifdef _SC_PAGE_SIZE
+#    define malloc_getpagesize sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE)
+#  else
+#    if defined(BSD) || defined(DGUX) || defined(HAVE_GETPAGESIZE)
+       extern size_t getpagesize();
+#      define malloc_getpagesize getpagesize()
+#    else
+#      ifdef WIN32 /* use supplied emulation of getpagesize */
+#        define malloc_getpagesize getpagesize()
+#      else
+#        ifndef LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H
+#          include <sys/param.h>
+#        endif
+#        ifdef EXEC_PAGESIZE
+#          define malloc_getpagesize EXEC_PAGESIZE
+#        else
+#          ifdef NBPG
+#            ifndef CLSIZE
+#              define malloc_getpagesize NBPG
+#            else
+#              define malloc_getpagesize (NBPG * CLSIZE)
+#            endif
+#          else
+#            ifdef NBPC
+#              define malloc_getpagesize NBPC
+#            else
+#              ifdef PAGESIZE
+#                define malloc_getpagesize PAGESIZE
+#              else /* just guess */
+#                define malloc_getpagesize ((size_t)4096U)
+#              endif
+#            endif
+#          endif
+#        endif
+#      endif
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* ------------------- size_t and alignment properties -------------------- */
+
+/* The byte and bit size of a size_t */
+#define SIZE_T_SIZE         (sizeof(size_t))
+#define SIZE_T_BITSIZE      (sizeof(size_t) << 3)
+
+/* Some constants coerced to size_t */
+/* Annoying but necessary to avoid errors on some platforms */
+#define SIZE_T_ZERO         ((size_t)0)
+#define SIZE_T_ONE          ((size_t)1)
+#define SIZE_T_TWO          ((size_t)2)
+#define SIZE_T_FOUR         ((size_t)4)
+#define TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES    (SIZE_T_SIZE<<1)
+#define FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES   (SIZE_T_SIZE<<2)
+#define SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES    (FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES+TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+#define HALF_MAX_SIZE_T     (MAX_SIZE_T / 2U)
+
+/* The bit mask value corresponding to MALLOC_ALIGNMENT */
+#define CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK    (MALLOC_ALIGNMENT - SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+/* True if address a has acceptable alignment */
+#define is_aligned(A)       (((size_t)((A)) & (CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)) == 0)
+
+/* the number of bytes to offset an address to align it */
+#define align_offset(A)\
+ ((((size_t)(A) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0)? 0 :\
+  ((MALLOC_ALIGNMENT - ((size_t)(A) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK))
+
+/* -------------------------- MMAP preliminaries ------------------------- */
+
+/*
+   If HAVE_MORECORE or HAVE_MMAP are false, we just define calls and
+   checks to fail so compiler optimizer can delete code rather than
+   using so many "#if"s.
+*/
+
+
+/* MORECORE and MMAP must return MFAIL on failure */
+#define MFAIL                ((void*)(MAX_SIZE_T))
+#define CMFAIL               ((char*)(MFAIL)) /* defined for convenience */
+
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define MUNMAP_DEFAULT(a, s)  munmap((a), (s))
+#define MMAP_PROT            (PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE)
+#if !defined(MAP_ANONYMOUS) && defined(MAP_ANON)
+#define MAP_ANONYMOUS        MAP_ANON
+#endif /* MAP_ANON */
+#ifdef MAP_ANONYMOUS
+#define MMAP_FLAGS           (MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS)
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s)       mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, -1, 0)
+#else /* MAP_ANONYMOUS */
+/*
+   Nearly all versions of mmap support MAP_ANONYMOUS, so the following
+   is unlikely to be needed, but is supplied just in case.
+*/
+#define MMAP_FLAGS           (MAP_PRIVATE)
+static int dev_zero_fd = -1; /* Cached file descriptor for /dev/zero. */
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s) ((dev_zero_fd < 0) ? \
+	   (dev_zero_fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR), \
+	    mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, dev_zero_fd, 0)) : \
+	    mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, dev_zero_fd, 0))
+#endif /* MAP_ANONYMOUS */
+
+#define DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s) MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+
+/* Win32 MMAP via VirtualAlloc */
+static FORCEINLINE void* win32mmap(size_t size) {
+  void* ptr = VirtualAlloc(0, size, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
+  return (ptr != 0)? ptr: MFAIL;
+}
+
+/* For direct MMAP, use MEM_TOP_DOWN to minimize interference */
+static FORCEINLINE void* win32direct_mmap(size_t size) {
+  void* ptr = VirtualAlloc(0, size, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT|MEM_TOP_DOWN,
+			   PAGE_READWRITE);
+  return (ptr != 0)? ptr: MFAIL;
+}
+
+/* This function supports releasing coalesed segments */
+static FORCEINLINE int win32munmap(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+  MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
+  char* cptr = (char*)ptr;
+  while (size) {
+    if (VirtualQuery(cptr, &minfo, sizeof(minfo)) == 0)
+      return -1;
+    if (minfo.BaseAddress != cptr || minfo.AllocationBase != cptr ||
+	minfo.State != MEM_COMMIT || minfo.RegionSize > size)
+      return -1;
+    if (VirtualFree(cptr, 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0)
+      return -1;
+    cptr += minfo.RegionSize;
+    size -= minfo.RegionSize;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s)             win32mmap(s)
+#define MUNMAP_DEFAULT(a, s)        win32munmap((a), (s))
+#define DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s)      win32direct_mmap(s)
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+
+#if HAVE_MREMAP
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define MREMAP_DEFAULT(addr, osz, nsz, mv) mremap((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* HAVE_MREMAP */
+
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MORECORE
+ */
+#if HAVE_MORECORE
+    #ifdef MORECORE
+	#define CALL_MORECORE(S)    MORECORE(S)
+    #else  /* MORECORE */
+	#define CALL_MORECORE(S)    MORECORE_DEFAULT(S)
+    #endif /* MORECORE */
+#else  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+    #define CALL_MORECORE(S)        MFAIL
+#endif /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MMAP/CALL_MUNMAP/CALL_DIRECT_MMAP
+ */
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+    #define IS_MMAPPED_BIT          (SIZE_T_ONE)
+    #define USE_MMAP_BIT            (SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+    #ifdef MMAP
+	#define CALL_MMAP(s)        MMAP(s)
+    #else /* MMAP */
+	#define CALL_MMAP(s)        MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+    #endif /* MMAP */
+    #ifdef MUNMAP
+	#define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)   MUNMAP((a), (s))
+    #else /* MUNMAP */
+	#define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)   MUNMAP_DEFAULT((a), (s))
+    #endif /* MUNMAP */
+    #ifdef DIRECT_MMAP
+	#define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s) DIRECT_MMAP(s)
+    #else /* DIRECT_MMAP */
+	#define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s) DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+    #endif /* DIRECT_MMAP */
+#else  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+    #define IS_MMAPPED_BIT          (SIZE_T_ZERO)
+    #define USE_MMAP_BIT            (SIZE_T_ZERO)
+
+    #define MMAP(s)                 MFAIL
+    #define MUNMAP(a, s)            (-1)
+    #define DIRECT_MMAP(s)          MFAIL
+    #define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s)     DIRECT_MMAP(s)
+    #define CALL_MMAP(s)            MMAP(s)
+    #define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)       MUNMAP((a), (s))
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MREMAP
+ */
+#if HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP
+    #ifdef MREMAP
+	#define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv) MREMAP((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+    #else /* MREMAP */
+	#define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv) MREMAP_DEFAULT((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+    #endif /* MREMAP */
+#else  /* HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP */
+    #define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv)     MFAIL
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP */
+
+/* mstate bit set if continguous morecore disabled or failed */
+#define USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT (4U)
+
+/* segment bit set in create_mspace_with_base */
+#define EXTERN_BIT            (8U)
+
+
+/* --------------------------- Lock preliminaries ------------------------ */
+
+/*
+  When locks are defined, there is one global lock, plus
+  one per-mspace lock.
+
+  The global lock_ensures that mparams.magic and other unique
+  mparams values are initialized only once. It also protects
+  sequences of calls to MORECORE.  In many cases sys_alloc requires
+  two calls, that should not be interleaved with calls by other
+  threads.  This does not protect against direct calls to MORECORE
+  by other threads not using this lock, so there is still code to
+  cope the best we can on interference.
+
+  Per-mspace locks surround calls to malloc, free, etc.  To enable use
+  in layered extensions, per-mspace locks are reentrant.
+
+  Because lock-protected regions generally have bounded times, it is
+  OK to use the supplied simple spinlocks in the custom versions for
+  x86.
+
+  If USE_LOCKS is > 1, the definitions of lock routines here are
+  bypassed, in which case you will need to define at least
+  INITIAL_LOCK, ACQUIRE_LOCK, RELEASE_LOCK and possibly TRY_LOCK
+  (which is not used in this malloc, but commonly needed in
+  extensions.)
+*/
+
+#if USE_LOCKS == 1
+
+#if USE_SPIN_LOCKS
+#ifndef WIN32
+
+/* Custom pthread-style spin locks on x86 and x64 for gcc */
+struct pthread_mlock_t {
+  volatile unsigned int l;
+  volatile unsigned int c;
+  volatile pthread_t threadid;
+};
+#define MLOCK_T struct        pthread_mlock_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        pthread_self()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), 0)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_acquire_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_release_lock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          pthread_try_lock(sl)
+#define SPINS_PER_YIELD       63
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = { 0, 0, 0};
+
+static FORCEINLINE int pthread_acquire_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  int spins = 0;
+  volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (*lp != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      /* place args to cmpxchgl in locals to evade oddities in some gccs */
+      int cmp = 0;
+      int val = 1;
+      int ret;
+      __asm__ __volatile__  ("lock; cmpxchgl %1, %2"
+			     : "=a" (ret)
+			     : "r" (val), "m" (*(lp)), "0"(cmp)
+			     : "memory", "cc");
+      if (!ret) {
+	assert(!sl->threadid);
+	sl->c = 1;
+	sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+	return 0;
+      }
+      if ((++spins & SPINS_PER_YIELD) == 0) {
+#if defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun) /* solaris */
+	thr_yield();
+#else
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__APPLE__)
+	sched_yield();
+#else  /* no-op yield on unknown systems */
+	;
+#endif /* __linux__ || __FreeBSD__ || __APPLE__ */
+#endif /* solaris */
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE void pthread_release_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  assert(sl->l != 0);
+  assert(sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD);
+  if (--sl->c == 0) {
+    sl->threadid = 0;
+    volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+    int prev = 0;
+    int ret;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lock; xchgl %0, %1"
+			  : "=r" (ret)
+			  : "m" (*(lp)), "0"(prev)
+			  : "memory");
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int pthread_try_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+  if (*lp != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 1;
+      }
+  }
+  else {
+    int cmp = 0;
+    int val = 1;
+    int ret;
+    __asm__ __volatile__  ("lock; cmpxchgl %1, %2"
+			   : "=a" (ret)
+			   : "r" (val), "m" (*(lp)), "0"(cmp)
+			   : "memory", "cc");
+    if (!ret) {
+      assert(!sl->threadid);
+      sl->c = 1;
+      sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+/* Custom win32-style spin locks on x86 and x64 for MSC */
+struct win32_mlock_t
+{
+  volatile long l;
+  volatile unsigned int c;
+  volatile long threadid;
+};
+
+#define MLOCK_T               struct win32_mlock_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        win32_getcurrentthreadid()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), 0)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      win32_acquire_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      win32_release_lock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          win32_try_lock(sl)
+#define SPINS_PER_YIELD       63
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = { 0, 0, 0};
+
+static FORCEINLINE long win32_getcurrentthreadid() {
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#if defined(_M_IX86)
+  long *threadstruct=(long *)__readfsdword(0x18);
+  long threadid=threadstruct[0x24/sizeof(long)];
+  return threadid;
+#elif defined(_M_X64)
+  /* todo */
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#else
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#endif
+#else
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#endif
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int win32_acquire_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  int spins = 0;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (sl->l != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      if (!interlockedexchange(&sl->l, 1)) {
+	assert(!sl->threadid);
+		sl->c=CURRENT_THREAD;
+	sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+	sl->c = 1;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    if ((++spins & SPINS_PER_YIELD) == 0)
+      SleepEx(0, FALSE);
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE void win32_release_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  assert(sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD);
+  assert(sl->l != 0);
+  if (--sl->c == 0) {
+    sl->threadid = 0;
+    interlockedexchange (&sl->l, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int win32_try_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  if(sl->l != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 1;
+      }
+  }
+  else {
+    if (!interlockedexchange(&sl->l, 1)){
+      assert(!sl->threadid);
+      sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+      sl->c = 1;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#else /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+/* pthreads-based locks */
+
+#define MLOCK_T               pthread_mutex_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        pthread_self()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      pthread_init_lock(sl)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_mutex_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_mutex_unlock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          (!pthread_mutex_trylock(sl))
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+/* Cope with old-style linux recursive lock initialization by adding */
+/* skipped internal declaration from pthread.h */
+#ifdef linux
+#ifndef PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+extern int pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np __P ((pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+					   int __kind));
+#define PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP
+#define pthread_mutexattr_settype(x,y) pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np(x,y)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static int pthread_init_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_settype(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutex_init(sl, &attr)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&attr)) return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+/* Win32 critical sections */
+#define MLOCK_T               CRITICAL_SECTION
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        GetCurrentThreadId()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(s)       (!InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount((s), 0x80000000|4000))
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(s)       (EnterCriticalSection(s), 0)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(s)       LeaveCriticalSection(s)
+#define TRY_LOCK(s)           TryEnterCriticalSection(s)
+#define NEED_GLOBAL_LOCK_INIT
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex;
+static volatile long malloc_global_mutex_status;
+
+/* Use spin loop to initialize global lock */
+static void init_malloc_global_mutex() {
+  for (;;) {
+    long stat = malloc_global_mutex_status;
+    if (stat > 0)
+      return;
+    /* transition to < 0 while initializing, then to > 0) */
+    if (stat == 0 &&
+	interlockedcompareexchange(&malloc_global_mutex_status, -1, 0) == 0) {
+      InitializeCriticalSection(&malloc_global_mutex);
+      interlockedexchange(&malloc_global_mutex_status,1);
+      return;
+    }
+    SleepEx(0, FALSE);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS == 1 */
+
+/* -----------------------  User-defined locks ------------------------ */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS > 1
+/* Define your own lock implementation here */
+/* #define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define TRY_LOCK(sl) ... */
+/* static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = ... */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS > 1 */
+
+/* -----------------------  Lock-based state ------------------------ */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#define USE_LOCK_BIT               (2U)
+#else  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#define USE_LOCK_BIT               (0U)
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(l)
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#define ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()  ACQUIRE_LOCK(&malloc_global_mutex);
+#define RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()  RELEASE_LOCK(&malloc_global_mutex);
+#else  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#define ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()
+#define RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+
+/* -----------------------  Chunk representations ------------------------ */
+
+/*
+  (The following includes lightly edited explanations by Colin Plumb.)
+
+  The malloc_chunk declaration below is misleading (but accurate and
+  necessary).  It declares a "view" into memory allowing access to
+  necessary fields at known offsets from a given base.
+
+  Chunks of memory are maintained using a `boundary tag' method as
+  originally described by Knuth.  (See the paper by Paul Wilson
+  ftp://ftp.cs.utexas.edu/pub/garbage/allocsrv.ps for a survey of such
+  techniques.)  Sizes of free chunks are stored both in the front of
+  each chunk and at the end.  This makes consolidating fragmented
+  chunks into bigger chunks fast.  The head fields also hold bits
+  representing whether chunks are free or in use.
+
+  Here are some pictures to make it clearer.  They are "exploded" to
+  show that the state of a chunk can be thought of as extending from
+  the high 31 bits of the head field of its header through the
+  prev_foot and PINUSE_BIT bit of the following chunk header.
+
+  A chunk that's in use looks like:
+
+   chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	   | Size of previous chunk (if P = 0)                             |
+	   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |P|
+	 | Size of this chunk                                         1| +-+
+   mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               :
+	 +-      size - sizeof(size_t) available payload bytes          -+
+	 :                                                               |
+ chunk-> +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1|
+       | Size of next chunk (may or may not be in use)               | +-+
+ mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+    And if it's free, it looks like this:
+
+   chunk-> +-                                                             -+
+	   | User payload (must be in use, or we would have merged!)       |
+	   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |P|
+	 | Size of this chunk                                         0| +-+
+   mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Next pointer                                                  |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Prev pointer                                                  |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 |                                                               :
+	 +-      size - sizeof(struct chunk) unused bytes               -+
+	 :                                                               |
+ chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Size of this chunk                                            |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0|
+       | Size of next chunk (must be in use, or we would have merged)| +-+
+ mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       |                                                               :
+       +- User payload                                                -+
+       :                                                               |
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+								     |0|
+								     +-+
+  Note that since we always merge adjacent free chunks, the chunks
+  adjacent to a free chunk must be in use.
+
+  Given a pointer to a chunk (which can be derived trivially from the
+  payload pointer) we can, in O(1) time, find out whether the adjacent
+  chunks are free, and if so, unlink them from the lists that they
+  are on and merge them with the current chunk.
+
+  Chunks always begin on even word boundaries, so the mem portion
+  (which is returned to the user) is also on an even word boundary, and
+  thus at least double-word aligned.
+
+  The P (PINUSE_BIT) bit, stored in the unused low-order bit of the
+  chunk size (which is always a multiple of two words), is an in-use
+  bit for the *previous* chunk.  If that bit is *clear*, then the
+  word before the current chunk size contains the previous chunk
+  size, and can be used to find the front of the previous chunk.
+  The very first chunk allocated always has this bit set, preventing
+  access to non-existent (or non-owned) memory. If pinuse is set for
+  any given chunk, then you CANNOT determine the size of the
+  previous chunk, and might even get a memory addressing fault when
+  trying to do so.
+
+  The C (CINUSE_BIT) bit, stored in the unused second-lowest bit of
+  the chunk size redundantly records whether the current chunk is
+  inuse. This redundancy enables usage checks within free and realloc,
+  and reduces indirection when freeing and consolidating chunks.
+
+  Each freshly allocated chunk must have both cinuse and pinuse set.
+  That is, each allocated chunk borders either a previously allocated
+  and still in-use chunk, or the base of its memory arena. This is
+  ensured by making all allocations from the the `lowest' part of any
+  found chunk.  Further, no free chunk physically borders another one,
+  so each free chunk is known to be preceded and followed by either
+  inuse chunks or the ends of memory.
+
+  Note that the `foot' of the current chunk is actually represented
+  as the prev_foot of the NEXT chunk. This makes it easier to
+  deal with alignments etc but can be very confusing when trying
+  to extend or adapt this code.
+
+  The exceptions to all this are
+
+     1. The special chunk `top' is the top-most available chunk (i.e.,
+	the one bordering the end of available memory). It is treated
+	specially.  Top is never included in any bin, is used only if
+	no other chunk is available, and is released back to the
+	system if it is very large (see M_TRIM_THRESHOLD).  In effect,
+	the top chunk is treated as larger (and thus less well
+	fitting) than any other available chunk.  The top chunk
+	doesn't update its trailing size field since there is no next
+	contiguous chunk that would have to index off it. However,
+	space is still allocated for it (TOP_FOOT_SIZE) to enable
+	separation or merging when space is extended.
+
+     3. Chunks allocated via mmap, which have the lowest-order bit
+	(IS_MMAPPED_BIT) set in their prev_foot fields, and do not set
+	PINUSE_BIT in their head fields.  Because they are allocated
+	one-by-one, each must carry its own prev_foot field, which is
+	also used to hold the offset this chunk has within its mmapped
+	region, which is needed to preserve alignment. Each mmapped
+	chunk is trailed by the first two fields of a fake next-chunk
+	for sake of usage checks.
+
+*/
+
+struct malloc_chunk {
+  size_t               prev_foot;  /* Size of previous chunk (if free).  */
+  size_t               head;       /* Size and inuse bits. */
+  struct malloc_chunk* fd;         /* double links -- used only if free. */
+  struct malloc_chunk* bk;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_chunk  mchunk;
+typedef struct malloc_chunk* mchunkptr;
+typedef struct malloc_chunk* sbinptr;  /* The type of bins of chunks */
+typedef unsigned int bindex_t;         /* Described below */
+typedef unsigned int binmap_t;         /* Described below */
+typedef unsigned int flag_t;           /* The type of various bit flag sets */
+
+/* ------------------- Chunks sizes and alignments ----------------------- */
+
+#define MCHUNK_SIZE         (sizeof(mchunk))
+
+#if FOOTERS
+#define CHUNK_OVERHEAD      (TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+#define CHUNK_OVERHEAD      (SIZE_T_SIZE)
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+
+/* MMapped chunks need a second word of overhead ... */
+#define MMAP_CHUNK_OVERHEAD (TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+/* ... and additional padding for fake next-chunk at foot */
+#define MMAP_FOOT_PAD       (FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+
+/* The smallest size we can malloc is an aligned minimal chunk */
+#define MIN_CHUNK_SIZE\
+  ((MCHUNK_SIZE + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) & ~CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)
+
+/* conversion from malloc headers to user pointers, and back */
+#define chunk2mem(p)        ((void*)((char*)(p)       + TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES))
+#define mem2chunk(mem)      ((mchunkptr)((char*)(mem) - TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES))
+/* chunk associated with aligned address A */
+#define align_as_chunk(A)   (mchunkptr)((A) + align_offset(chunk2mem(A)))
+
+/* Bounds on request (not chunk) sizes. */
+#define MAX_REQUEST         ((-MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) << 2)
+#define MIN_REQUEST         (MIN_CHUNK_SIZE - CHUNK_OVERHEAD - SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+/* pad request bytes into a usable size */
+#define pad_request(req) \
+   (((req) + CHUNK_OVERHEAD + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) & ~CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)
+
+/* pad request, checking for minimum (but not maximum) */
+#define request2size(req) \
+  (((req) < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(req))
+
+
+/* ------------------ Operations on head and foot fields ----------------- */
+
+/*
+  The head field of a chunk is or'ed with PINUSE_BIT when previous
+  adjacent chunk in use, and or'ed with CINUSE_BIT if this chunk is in
+  use. If the chunk was obtained with mmap, the prev_foot field has
+  IS_MMAPPED_BIT set, otherwise holding the offset of the base of the
+  mmapped region to the base of the chunk.
+
+  FLAG4_BIT is not used by this malloc, but might be useful in extensions.
+*/
+
+#define PINUSE_BIT          (SIZE_T_ONE)
+#define CINUSE_BIT          (SIZE_T_TWO)
+#define FLAG4_BIT           (SIZE_T_FOUR)
+#define INUSE_BITS          (PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT)
+#define FLAG_BITS           (PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT|FLAG4_BIT)
+
+/* Head value for fenceposts */
+#define FENCEPOST_HEAD      (INUSE_BITS|SIZE_T_SIZE)
+
+/* extraction of fields from head words */
+#define cinuse(p)           ((p)->head & CINUSE_BIT)
+#define pinuse(p)           ((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)
+#define chunksize(p)        ((p)->head & ~(FLAG_BITS))
+
+#define clear_pinuse(p)     ((p)->head &= ~PINUSE_BIT)
+#define clear_cinuse(p)     ((p)->head &= ~CINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Treat space at ptr +/- offset as a chunk */
+#define chunk_plus_offset(p, s)  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))
+#define chunk_minus_offset(p, s) ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) - (s)))
+
+/* Ptr to next or previous physical malloc_chunk. */
+#define next_chunk(p) ((mchunkptr)( ((char*)(p)) + ((p)->head & ~FLAG_BITS)))
+#define prev_chunk(p) ((mchunkptr)( ((char*)(p)) - ((p)->prev_foot) ))
+
+/* extract next chunk's pinuse bit */
+#define next_pinuse(p)  ((next_chunk(p)->head) & PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Get/set size at footer */
+#define get_foot(p, s)  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot)
+#define set_foot(p, s)  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot = (s))
+
+/* Set size, pinuse bit, and foot */
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT), set_foot(p, s))
+
+/* Set size, pinuse bit, foot, and clear next pinuse */
+#define set_free_with_pinuse(p, s, n)\
+  (clear_pinuse(n), set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, s))
+
+#define is_mmapped(p)\
+  (!((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT) && ((p)->prev_foot & IS_MMAPPED_BIT))
+
+/* Get the internal overhead associated with chunk p */
+#define overhead_for(p)\
+ (is_mmapped(p)? MMAP_CHUNK_OVERHEAD : CHUNK_OVERHEAD)
+
+/* Return true if malloced space is not necessarily cleared */
+#if MMAP_CLEARS
+#define calloc_must_clear(p) (!is_mmapped(p))
+#else /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+#define calloc_must_clear(p) (1)
+#endif /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+
+/* ---------------------- Overlaid data structures ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  When chunks are not in use, they are treated as nodes of either
+  lists or trees.
+
+  "Small"  chunks are stored in circular doubly-linked lists, and look
+  like this:
+
+    chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Size of previous chunk                            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `head:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                         |P|
+      mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Forward pointer to next chunk in list             |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Back pointer to previous chunk in list            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Unused space (may be 0 bytes long)                .
+	    .                                                               .
+	    .                                                               |
+nextchunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `foot:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+  Larger chunks are kept in a form of bitwise digital trees (aka
+  tries) keyed on chunksizes.  Because malloc_tree_chunks are only for
+  free chunks greater than 256 bytes, their size doesn't impose any
+  constraints on user chunk sizes.  Each node looks like:
+
+    chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Size of previous chunk                            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `head:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                         |P|
+      mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Forward pointer to next chunk of same size        |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Back pointer to previous chunk of same size       |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to left child (child[0])                  |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to right child (child[1])                 |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to parent                                 |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             bin index of this chunk                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Unused space                                      .
+	    .                                                               |
+nextchunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `foot:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+  Each tree holding treenodes is a tree of unique chunk sizes.  Chunks
+  of the same size are arranged in a circularly-linked list, with only
+  the oldest chunk (the next to be used, in our FIFO ordering)
+  actually in the tree.  (Tree members are distinguished by a non-null
+  parent pointer.)  If a chunk with the same size an an existing node
+  is inserted, it is linked off the existing node using pointers that
+  work in the same way as fd/bk pointers of small chunks.
+
+  Each tree contains a power of 2 sized range of chunk sizes (the
+  smallest is 0x100 <= x < 0x180), which is is divided in half at each
+  tree level, with the chunks in the smaller half of the range (0x100
+  <= x < 0x140 for the top nose) in the left subtree and the larger
+  half (0x140 <= x < 0x180) in the right subtree.  This is, of course,
+  done by inspecting individual bits.
+
+  Using these rules, each node's left subtree contains all smaller
+  sizes than its right subtree.  However, the node at the root of each
+  subtree has no particular ordering relationship to either.  (The
+  dividing line between the subtree sizes is based on trie relation.)
+  If we remove the last chunk of a given size from the interior of the
+  tree, we need to replace it with a leaf node.  The tree ordering
+  rules permit a node to be replaced by any leaf below it.
+
+  The smallest chunk in a tree (a common operation in a best-fit
+  allocator) can be found by walking a path to the leftmost leaf in
+  the tree.  Unlike a usual binary tree, where we follow left child
+  pointers until we reach a null, here we follow the right child
+  pointer any time the left one is null, until we reach a leaf with
+  both child pointers null. The smallest chunk in the tree will be
+  somewhere along that path.
+
+  The worst case number of steps to add, find, or remove a node is
+  bounded by the number of bits differentiating chunks within
+  bins. Under current bin calculations, this ranges from 6 up to 21
+  (for 32 bit sizes) or up to 53 (for 64 bit sizes). The typical case
+  is of course much better.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_tree_chunk {
+  /* The first four fields must be compatible with malloc_chunk */
+  size_t                    prev_foot;
+  size_t                    head;
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* fd;
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* bk;
+
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* child[2];
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* parent;
+  bindex_t                  index;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk  tchunk;
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk* tchunkptr;
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk* tbinptr; /* The type of bins of trees */
+
+/* A little helper macro for trees */
+#define leftmost_child(t) ((t)->child[0] != 0? (t)->child[0] : (t)->child[1])
+
+/* ----------------------------- Segments -------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Each malloc space may include non-contiguous segments, held in a
+  list headed by an embedded malloc_segment record representing the
+  top-most space. Segments also include flags holding properties of
+  the space. Large chunks that are directly allocated by mmap are not
+  included in this list. They are instead independently created and
+  destroyed without otherwise keeping track of them.
+
+  Segment management mainly comes into play for spaces allocated by
+  MMAP.  Any call to MMAP might or might not return memory that is
+  adjacent to an existing segment.  MORECORE normally contiguously
+  extends the current space, so this space is almost always adjacent,
+  which is simpler and faster to deal with. (This is why MORECORE is
+  used preferentially to MMAP when both are available -- see
+  sys_alloc.)  When allocating using MMAP, we don't use any of the
+  hinting mechanisms (inconsistently) supported in various
+  implementations of unix mmap, or distinguish reserving from
+  committing memory. Instead, we just ask for space, and exploit
+  contiguity when we get it.  It is probably possible to do
+  better than this on some systems, but no general scheme seems
+  to be significantly better.
+
+  Management entails a simpler variant of the consolidation scheme
+  used for chunks to reduce fragmentation -- new adjacent memory is
+  normally prepended or appended to an existing segment. However,
+  there are limitations compared to chunk consolidation that mostly
+  reflect the fact that segment processing is relatively infrequent
+  (occurring only when getting memory from system) and that we
+  don't expect to have huge numbers of segments:
+
+  * Segments are not indexed, so traversal requires linear scans.  (It
+    would be possible to index these, but is not worth the extra
+    overhead and complexity for most programs on most platforms.)
+  * New segments are only appended to old ones when holding top-most
+    memory; if they cannot be prepended to others, they are held in
+    different segments.
+
+  Except for the top-most segment of an mstate, each segment record
+  is kept at the tail of its segment. Segments are added by pushing
+  segment records onto the list headed by &mstate.seg for the
+  containing mstate.
+
+  Segment flags control allocation/merge/deallocation policies:
+  * If EXTERN_BIT set, then we did not allocate this segment,
+    and so should not try to deallocate or merge with others.
+    (This currently holds only for the initial segment passed
+    into create_mspace_with_base.)
+  * If IS_MMAPPED_BIT set, the segment may be merged with
+    other surrounding mmapped segments and trimmed/de-allocated
+    using munmap.
+  * If neither bit is set, then the segment was obtained using
+    MORECORE so can be merged with surrounding MORECORE'd segments
+    and deallocated/trimmed using MORECORE with negative arguments.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_segment {
+  char*        base;             /* base address */
+  size_t       size;             /* allocated size */
+  struct malloc_segment* next;   /* ptr to next segment */
+  flag_t       sflags;           /* mmap and extern flag */
+};
+
+#define is_mmapped_segment(S)  ((S)->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT)
+#define is_extern_segment(S)   ((S)->sflags & EXTERN_BIT)
+
+typedef struct malloc_segment  msegment;
+typedef struct malloc_segment* msegmentptr;
+
+/* ---------------------------- malloc_state ----------------------------- */
+
+/*
+   A malloc_state holds all of the bookkeeping for a space.
+   The main fields are:
+
+  Top
+    The topmost chunk of the currently active segment. Its size is
+    cached in topsize.  The actual size of topmost space is
+    topsize+TOP_FOOT_SIZE, which includes space reserved for adding
+    fenceposts and segment records if necessary when getting more
+    space from the system.  The size at which to autotrim top is
+    cached from mparams in trim_check, except that it is disabled if
+    an autotrim fails.
+
+  Designated victim (dv)
+    This is the preferred chunk for servicing small requests that
+    don't have exact fits.  It is normally the chunk split off most
+    recently to service another small request.  Its size is cached in
+    dvsize. The link fields of this chunk are not maintained since it
+    is not kept in a bin.
+
+  SmallBins
+    An array of bin headers for free chunks.  These bins hold chunks
+    with sizes less than MIN_LARGE_SIZE bytes. Each bin contains
+    chunks of all the same size, spaced 8 bytes apart.  To simplify
+    use in double-linked lists, each bin header acts as a malloc_chunk
+    pointing to the real first node, if it exists (else pointing to
+    itself).  This avoids special-casing for headers.  But to avoid
+    waste, we allocate only the fd/bk pointers of bins, and then use
+    repositioning tricks to treat these as the fields of a chunk.
+
+  TreeBins
+    Treebins are pointers to the roots of trees holding a range of
+    sizes. There are 2 equally spaced treebins for each power of two
+    from TREE_SHIFT to TREE_SHIFT+16. The last bin holds anything
+    larger.
+
+  Bin maps
+    There is one bit map for small bins ("smallmap") and one for
+    treebins ("treemap).  Each bin sets its bit when non-empty, and
+    clears the bit when empty.  Bit operations are then used to avoid
+    bin-by-bin searching -- nearly all "search" is done without ever
+    looking at bins that won't be selected.  The bit maps
+    conservatively use 32 bits per map word, even if on 64bit system.
+    For a good description of some of the bit-based techniques used
+    here, see Henry S. Warren Jr's book "Hacker's Delight" (and
+    supplement at http://hackersdelight.org/). Many of these are
+    intended to reduce the branchiness of paths through malloc etc, as
+    well as to reduce the number of memory locations read or written.
+
+  Segments
+    A list of segments headed by an embedded malloc_segment record
+    representing the initial space.
+
+  Address check support
+    The least_addr field is the least address ever obtained from
+    MORECORE or MMAP. Attempted frees and reallocs of any address less
+    than this are trapped (unless INSECURE is defined).
+
+  Magic tag
+    A cross-check field that should always hold same value as mparams.magic.
+
+  Flags
+    Bits recording whether to use MMAP, locks, or contiguous MORECORE
+
+  Statistics
+    Each space keeps track of current and maximum system memory
+    obtained via MORECORE or MMAP.
+
+  Trim support
+    Fields holding the amount of unused topmost memory that should trigger
+    timming, and a counter to force periodic scanning to release unused
+    non-topmost segments.
+
+  Locking
+    If USE_LOCKS is defined, the "mutex" lock is acquired and released
+    around every public call using this mspace.
+
+  Extension support
+    A void* pointer and a size_t field that can be used to help implement
+    extensions to this malloc.
+*/
+
+/* Bin types, widths and sizes */
+#define NSMALLBINS        (32U)
+#define NTREEBINS         (32U)
+#define SMALLBIN_SHIFT    (3U)
+#define SMALLBIN_WIDTH    (SIZE_T_ONE << SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define TREEBIN_SHIFT     (8U)
+#define MIN_LARGE_SIZE    (SIZE_T_ONE << TREEBIN_SHIFT)
+#define MAX_SMALL_SIZE    (MIN_LARGE_SIZE - SIZE_T_ONE)
+#define MAX_SMALL_REQUEST (MAX_SMALL_SIZE - CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK - CHUNK_OVERHEAD)
+
+struct malloc_state {
+  binmap_t   smallmap;
+  binmap_t   treemap;
+  size_t     dvsize;
+  size_t     topsize;
+  char*      least_addr;
+  mchunkptr  dv;
+  mchunkptr  top;
+  size_t     trim_check;
+  size_t     release_checks;
+  size_t     magic;
+  mchunkptr  smallbins[(NSMALLBINS+1)*2];
+  tbinptr    treebins[NTREEBINS];
+  size_t     footprint;
+  size_t     max_footprint;
+  flag_t     mflags;
+#if USE_LOCKS
+  MLOCK_T    mutex;     /* locate lock among fields that rarely change */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+  msegment   seg;
+  void*      extp;      /* Unused but available for extensions */
+  size_t     exts;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_state*    mstate;
+
+/* ------------- Global malloc_state and malloc_params ------------------- */
+
+/*
+  malloc_params holds global properties, including those that can be
+  dynamically set using mallopt. There is a single instance, mparams,
+  initialized in init_mparams. Note that the non-zeroness of "magic"
+  also serves as an initialization flag.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_params {
+  volatile size_t magic;
+  size_t page_size;
+  size_t granularity;
+  size_t mmap_threshold;
+  size_t trim_threshold;
+  flag_t default_mflags;
+};
+
+static struct malloc_params mparams;
+
+/* Ensure mparams initialized */
+#define ensure_initialization() ((void)(mparams.magic != 0 || init_mparams()))
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+/* The global malloc_state used for all non-"mspace" calls */
+static struct malloc_state _gm_;
+#define gm                 (&_gm_)
+#define is_global(M)       ((M) == &_gm_)
+
+#endif /* !ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+#define is_initialized(M)  ((M)->top != 0)
+
+/* -------------------------- system alloc setup ------------------------- */
+
+/* Operations on mflags */
+
+#define use_lock(M)           ((M)->mflags &   USE_LOCK_BIT)
+#define enable_lock(M)        ((M)->mflags |=  USE_LOCK_BIT)
+#define disable_lock(M)       ((M)->mflags &= ~USE_LOCK_BIT)
+
+#define use_mmap(M)           ((M)->mflags &   USE_MMAP_BIT)
+#define enable_mmap(M)        ((M)->mflags |=  USE_MMAP_BIT)
+#define disable_mmap(M)       ((M)->mflags &= ~USE_MMAP_BIT)
+
+#define use_noncontiguous(M)  ((M)->mflags &   USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT)
+#define disable_contiguous(M) ((M)->mflags |=  USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT)
+
+#define set_lock(M,L)\
+ ((M)->mflags = (L)?\
+  ((M)->mflags | USE_LOCK_BIT) :\
+  ((M)->mflags & ~USE_LOCK_BIT))
+
+/* page-align a size */
+#define page_align(S)\
+ (((S) + (mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE)) & ~(mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE))
+
+/* granularity-align a size */
+#define granularity_align(S)\
+  (((S) + (mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE))\
+   & ~(mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE))
+
+
+/* For mmap, use granularity alignment on windows, else page-align */
+#ifdef WIN32
+#define mmap_align(S) granularity_align(S)
+#else
+#define mmap_align(S) page_align(S)
+#endif
+
+/* For sys_alloc, enough padding to ensure can malloc request on success */
+#define SYS_ALLOC_PADDING (TOP_FOOT_SIZE + MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)
+
+#define is_page_aligned(S)\
+   (((size_t)(S) & (mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0)
+#define is_granularity_aligned(S)\
+   (((size_t)(S) & (mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0)
+
+/*  True if segment S holds address A */
+#define segment_holds(S, A)\
+  ((char*)(A) >= S->base && (char*)(A) < S->base + S->size)
+
+/* Return segment holding given address */
+static msegmentptr segment_holding(mstate m, char* addr) {
+  msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (addr >= sp->base && addr < sp->base + sp->size)
+      return sp;
+    if ((sp = sp->next) == 0)
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Return true if segment contains a segment link */
+static int has_segment_link(mstate m, msegmentptr ss) {
+  msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+  for (;;) {
+    if ((char*)sp >= ss->base && (char*)sp < ss->base + ss->size)
+      return 1;
+    if ((sp = sp->next) == 0)
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+#ifndef MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM
+#define should_trim(M,s)  ((s) > (M)->trim_check)
+#else  /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#define should_trim(M,s)  (0)
+#endif /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+
+/*
+  TOP_FOOT_SIZE is padding at the end of a segment, including space
+  that may be needed to place segment records and fenceposts when new
+  noncontiguous segments are added.
+*/
+#define TOP_FOOT_SIZE\
+  (align_offset(chunk2mem(0))+pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_segment))+MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+
+
+/* -------------------------------  Hooks -------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  PREACTION should be defined to return 0 on success, and nonzero on
+  failure. If you are not using locking, you can redefine these to do
+  anything you like.
+*/
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+
+#define PREACTION(M)  ((use_lock(M))? ACQUIRE_LOCK(&(M)->mutex) : 0)
+#define POSTACTION(M) { if (use_lock(M)) RELEASE_LOCK(&(M)->mutex); }
+#else /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+#ifndef PREACTION
+#define PREACTION(M) (0)
+#endif  /* PREACTION */
+
+#ifndef POSTACTION
+#define POSTACTION(M)
+#endif  /* POSTACTION */
+
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+/*
+  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION is triggered upon detected bad addresses.
+  USAGE_ERROR_ACTION is triggered on detected bad frees and
+  reallocs. The argument p is an address that might have triggered the
+  fault. It is ignored by the two predefined actions, but might be
+  useful in custom actions that try to help diagnose errors.
+*/
+
+#if PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+
+/* A count of the number of corruption errors causing resets */
+int malloc_corruption_error_count;
+
+/* default corruption action */
+static void reset_on_error(mstate m);
+
+#define CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m)  reset_on_error(m)
+#define USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, p)
+
+#else /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+#ifndef CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION
+#define CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m) ABORT
+#endif /* CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION */
+
+#ifndef USAGE_ERROR_ACTION
+#define USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m,p) ABORT
+#endif /* USAGE_ERROR_ACTION */
+
+#endif /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+/* -------------------------- Debugging setup ---------------------------- */
+
+#if ! DEBUG
+
+#define check_free_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_inuse_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N)
+#define check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloc_state(M)
+#define check_top_chunk(M,P)
+
+#else /* DEBUG */
+#define check_free_chunk(M,P)       do_check_free_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_inuse_chunk(M,P)      do_check_inuse_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_top_chunk(M,P)        do_check_top_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N) do_check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N)
+#define check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)    do_check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloc_state(M)       do_check_malloc_state(M)
+
+static void   do_check_any_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_top_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_mmapped_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_inuse_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_free_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_malloced_chunk(mstate m, void* mem, size_t s);
+static void   do_check_tree(mstate m, tchunkptr t);
+static void   do_check_treebin(mstate m, bindex_t i);
+static void   do_check_smallbin(mstate m, bindex_t i);
+static void   do_check_malloc_state(mstate m);
+static int    bin_find(mstate m, mchunkptr x);
+static size_t traverse_and_check(mstate m);
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* ---------------------------- Indexing Bins ---------------------------- */
+
+#define is_small(s)         (((s) >> SMALLBIN_SHIFT) < NSMALLBINS)
+#define small_index(s)      ((s)  >> SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define small_index2size(i) ((i)  << SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define MIN_SMALL_INDEX     (small_index(MIN_CHUNK_SIZE))
+
+/* addressing by index. See above about smallbin repositioning */
+#define smallbin_at(M, i)   ((sbinptr)((char*)&((M)->smallbins[(i)<<1])))
+#define treebin_at(M,i)     (&((M)->treebins[i]))
+
+/* assign tree index for size S to variable I. Use x86 asm if possible  */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K;\
+    __asm__("bsrl\t%1, %0\n\t" : "=r" (K) : "rm"  (X));\
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#elif defined (__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K = _bit_scan_reverse (X); \
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K;\
+    _BitScanReverse((DWORD *) &K, X);\
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#else /* GNUC */
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int Y = (unsigned int)X;\
+    unsigned int N = ((Y - 0x100) >> 16) & 8;\
+    unsigned int K = (((Y <<= N) - 0x1000) >> 16) & 4;\
+    N += K;\
+    N += K = (((Y <<= K) - 0x4000) >> 16) & 2;\
+    K = 14 - N + ((Y <<= K) >> 15);\
+    I = (K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1));\
+  }\
+}
+#endif /* GNUC */
+
+/* Bit representing maximum resolved size in a treebin at i */
+#define bit_for_tree_index(i) \
+   (i == NTREEBINS-1)? (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-1) : (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 2)
+
+/* Shift placing maximum resolved bit in a treebin at i as sign bit */
+#define leftshift_for_tree_index(i) \
+   ((i == NTREEBINS-1)? 0 : \
+    ((SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE) - (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 2)))
+
+/* The size of the smallest chunk held in bin with index i */
+#define minsize_for_tree_index(i) \
+   ((SIZE_T_ONE << (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT)) |  \
+   (((size_t)((i) & SIZE_T_ONE)) << (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 1)))
+
+
+/* ------------------------ Operations on bin maps ----------------------- */
+
+/* bit corresponding to given index */
+#define idx2bit(i)              ((binmap_t)(1) << (i))
+
+/* Mark/Clear bits with given index */
+#define mark_smallmap(M,i)      ((M)->smallmap |=  idx2bit(i))
+#define clear_smallmap(M,i)     ((M)->smallmap &= ~idx2bit(i))
+#define smallmap_is_marked(M,i) ((M)->smallmap &   idx2bit(i))
+
+#define mark_treemap(M,i)       ((M)->treemap  |=  idx2bit(i))
+#define clear_treemap(M,i)      ((M)->treemap  &= ~idx2bit(i))
+#define treemap_is_marked(M,i)  ((M)->treemap  &   idx2bit(i))
+
+/* isolate the least set bit of a bitmap */
+#define least_bit(x)         ((x) & -(x))
+
+/* mask with all bits to left of least bit of x on */
+#define left_bits(x)         ((x<<1) | -(x<<1))
+
+/* mask with all bits to left of or equal to least bit of x on */
+#define same_or_left_bits(x) ((x) | -(x))
+
+/* index corresponding to given bit. Use x86 asm if possible */
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  __asm__("bsfl\t%1, %0\n\t" : "=r" (J) : "rm" (X));\
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif defined (__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  J = _bit_scan_forward (X); \
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  _BitScanForward((DWORD *) &J, X);\
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I) I = ffs(X)-1
+
+#else
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int Y = X - 1;\
+  unsigned int K = Y >> (16-4) & 16;\
+  unsigned int N = K;        Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (8-3) &  8;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (4-2) &  4;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (2-1) &  2;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (1-0) &  1;  Y >>= K;\
+  I = (bindex_t)(N + Y);\
+}
+#endif /* GNUC */
+
+
+/* ----------------------- Runtime Check Support ------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  For security, the main invariant is that malloc/free/etc never
+  writes to a static address other than malloc_state, unless static
+  malloc_state itself has been corrupted, which cannot occur via
+  malloc (because of these checks). In essence this means that we
+  believe all pointers, sizes, maps etc held in malloc_state, but
+  check all of those linked or offsetted from other embedded data
+  structures.  These checks are interspersed with main code in a way
+  that tends to minimize their run-time cost.
+
+  When FOOTERS is defined, in addition to range checking, we also
+  verify footer fields of inuse chunks, which can be used guarantee
+  that the mstate controlling malloc/free is intact.  This is a
+  streamlined version of the approach described by William Robertson
+  et al in "Run-time Detection of Heap-based Overflows" LISA'03
+  http://www.usenix.org/events/lisa03/tech/robertson.html The footer
+  of an inuse chunk holds the xor of its mstate and a random seed,
+  that is checked upon calls to free() and realloc().  This is
+  (probablistically) unguessable from outside the program, but can be
+  computed by any code successfully malloc'ing any chunk, so does not
+  itself provide protection against code that has already broken
+  security through some other means.  Unlike Robertson et al, we
+  always dynamically check addresses of all offset chunks (previous,
+  next, etc). This turns out to be cheaper than relying on hashes.
+*/
+
+#if !INSECURE
+/* Check if address a is at least as high as any from MORECORE or MMAP */
+#define ok_address(M, a) ((char*)(a) >= (M)->least_addr)
+/* Check if address of next chunk n is higher than base chunk p */
+#define ok_next(p, n)    ((char*)(p) < (char*)(n))
+/* Check if p has its cinuse bit on */
+#define ok_cinuse(p)     cinuse(p)
+/* Check if p has its pinuse bit on */
+#define ok_pinuse(p)     pinuse(p)
+
+#else /* !INSECURE */
+#define ok_address(M, a) (1)
+#define ok_next(b, n)    (1)
+#define ok_cinuse(p)     (1)
+#define ok_pinuse(p)     (1)
+#endif /* !INSECURE */
+
+#if (FOOTERS && !INSECURE)
+/* Check if (alleged) mstate m has expected magic field */
+#define ok_magic(M)      ((M)->magic == mparams.magic)
+#else  /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+#define ok_magic(M)      (1)
+#endif /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+
+
+/* In gcc, use __builtin_expect to minimize impact of checks */
+#if !INSECURE
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 3
+#define RTCHECK(e)  __builtin_expect(e, 1)
+#else /* GNUC */
+#define RTCHECK(e)  (e)
+#endif /* GNUC */
+#else /* !INSECURE */
+#define RTCHECK(e)  (1)
+#endif /* !INSECURE */
+
+/* macros to set up inuse chunks with or without footers */
+
+#if !FOOTERS
+
+#define mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s)
+
+/* Set cinuse bit and pinuse bit of next chunk */
+#define set_inuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)|s|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Set cinuse and pinuse of this chunk and pinuse of next chunk */
+#define set_inuse_and_pinuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Set size, cinuse and pinuse bit of this chunk */
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(M, p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT))
+
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+
+/* Set foot of inuse chunk to be xor of mstate and seed */
+#define mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s)\
+  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot = ((size_t)(M) ^ mparams.magic))
+
+#define get_mstate_for(p)\
+  ((mstate)(((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) +\
+    (chunksize(p))))->prev_foot ^ mparams.magic))
+
+#define set_inuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)|s|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  (((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT), \
+  mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s))
+
+#define set_inuse_and_pinuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  (((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT),\
+ mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s))
+
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(M, p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  mark_inuse_foot(M, p, s))
+
+#endif /* !FOOTERS */
+
+/* ---------------------------- setting mparams -------------------------- */
+
+/* Initialize mparams */
+static int init_mparams(void) {
+#ifdef NEED_GLOBAL_LOCK_INIT
+  if (malloc_global_mutex_status <= 0)
+    init_malloc_global_mutex();
+#endif
+
+  ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  if (mparams.magic == 0) {
+    size_t magic;
+    size_t psize;
+    size_t gsize;
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+    psize = malloc_getpagesize;
+    gsize = ((DEFAULT_GRANULARITY != 0)? DEFAULT_GRANULARITY : psize);
+#else /* WIN32 */
+    {
+      SYSTEM_INFO system_info;
+      GetSystemInfo(&system_info);
+      psize = system_info.dwPageSize;
+      gsize = ((DEFAULT_GRANULARITY != 0)?
+	       DEFAULT_GRANULARITY : system_info.dwAllocationGranularity);
+    }
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+    /* Sanity-check configuration:
+       size_t must be unsigned and as wide as pointer type.
+       ints must be at least 4 bytes.
+       alignment must be at least 8.
+       Alignment, min chunk size, and page size must all be powers of 2.
+    */
+    if ((sizeof(size_t) != sizeof(char*)) ||
+	(MAX_SIZE_T < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)  ||
+	(sizeof(int) < 4)  ||
+	(MALLOC_ALIGNMENT < (size_t)8U) ||
+	((MALLOC_ALIGNMENT & (MALLOC_ALIGNMENT-SIZE_T_ONE)) != 0) ||
+	((MCHUNK_SIZE      & (MCHUNK_SIZE-SIZE_T_ONE))      != 0) ||
+	((gsize            & (gsize-SIZE_T_ONE))            != 0) ||
+	((psize            & (psize-SIZE_T_ONE))            != 0))
+      ABORT;
+
+    mparams.granularity = gsize;
+    mparams.page_size = psize;
+    mparams.mmap_threshold = DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD;
+    mparams.trim_threshold = DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD;
+#if MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+    mparams.default_mflags = USE_LOCK_BIT|USE_MMAP_BIT;
+#else  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+    mparams.default_mflags = USE_LOCK_BIT|USE_MMAP_BIT|USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT;
+#endif /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+    /* Set up lock for main malloc area */
+    gm->mflags = mparams.default_mflags;
+    INITIAL_LOCK(&gm->mutex);
+#endif
+
+#if (FOOTERS && !INSECURE)
+    {
+#if USE_DEV_RANDOM
+      int fd;
+      unsigned char buf[sizeof(size_t)];
+      /* Try to use /dev/urandom, else fall back on using time */
+      if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) >= 0 &&
+	  read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) == sizeof(buf)) {
+	magic = *((size_t *) buf);
+	close(fd);
+      }
+      else
+#endif /* USE_DEV_RANDOM */
+#ifdef WIN32
+	magic = (size_t)(GetTickCount() ^ (size_t)0x55555555U);
+#else
+      magic = (size_t)(time(0) ^ (size_t)0x55555555U);
+#endif
+      magic |= (size_t)8U;    /* ensure nonzero */
+      magic &= ~(size_t)7U;   /* improve chances of fault for bad values */
+    }
+#else /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+    magic = (size_t)0x58585858U;
+#endif /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+
+    mparams.magic = magic;
+  }
+
+  RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* support for mallopt */
+static int change_mparam(int param_number, int value) {
+  size_t val = (value == -1)? MAX_SIZE_T : (size_t)value;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  switch(param_number) {
+  case M_TRIM_THRESHOLD:
+    mparams.trim_threshold = val;
+    return 1;
+  case M_GRANULARITY:
+    if (val >= mparams.page_size && ((val & (val-1)) == 0)) {
+      mparams.granularity = val;
+      return 1;
+    }
+    else
+      return 0;
+  case M_MMAP_THRESHOLD:
+    mparams.mmap_threshold = val;
+    return 1;
+  default:
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+#if DEBUG
+/* ------------------------- Debugging Support --------------------------- */
+
+/* Check properties of any chunk, whether free, inuse, mmapped etc  */
+static void do_check_any_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+}
+
+/* Check properties of top chunk */
+static void do_check_top_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  msegmentptr sp = segment_holding(m, (char*)p);
+  size_t  sz = p->head & ~INUSE_BITS; /* third-lowest bit can be set! */
+  assert(sp != 0);
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+  assert(sz == m->topsize);
+  assert(sz > 0);
+  assert(sz == ((sp->base + sp->size) - (char*)p) - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+  assert(pinuse(p));
+  assert(!pinuse(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz)));
+}
+
+/* Check properties of (inuse) mmapped chunks */
+static void do_check_mmapped_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  size_t  sz = chunksize(p);
+  size_t len = (sz + (p->prev_foot & ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT) + MMAP_FOOT_PAD);
+  assert(is_mmapped(p));
+  assert(use_mmap(m));
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+  assert(!is_small(sz));
+  assert((len & (mparams.page_size-SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0);
+  assert(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz)->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD);
+  assert(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head == 0);
+}
+
+/* Check properties of inuse chunks */
+static void do_check_inuse_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  do_check_any_chunk(m, p);
+  assert(cinuse(p));
+  assert(next_pinuse(p));
+  /* If not pinuse and not mmapped, previous chunk has OK offset */
+  assert(is_mmapped(p) || pinuse(p) || next_chunk(prev_chunk(p)) == p);
+  if (is_mmapped(p))
+    do_check_mmapped_chunk(m, p);
+}
+
+/* Check properties of free chunks */
+static void do_check_free_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  size_t sz = chunksize(p);
+  mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, sz);
+  do_check_any_chunk(m, p);
+  assert(!cinuse(p));
+  assert(!next_pinuse(p));
+  assert (!is_mmapped(p));
+  if (p != m->dv && p != m->top) {
+    if (sz >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+      assert((sz & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0);
+      assert(is_aligned(chunk2mem(p)));
+      assert(next->prev_foot == sz);
+      assert(pinuse(p));
+      assert (next == m->top || cinuse(next));
+      assert(p->fd->bk == p);
+      assert(p->bk->fd == p);
+    }
+    else  /* markers are always of size SIZE_T_SIZE */
+      assert(sz == SIZE_T_SIZE);
+  }
+}
+
+/* Check properties of malloced chunks at the point they are malloced */
+static void do_check_malloced_chunk(mstate m, void* mem, size_t s) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    size_t sz = p->head & ~(PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT);
+    do_check_inuse_chunk(m, p);
+    assert((sz & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0);
+    assert(sz >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+    assert(sz >= s);
+    /* unless mmapped, size is less than MIN_CHUNK_SIZE more than request */
+    assert(is_mmapped(p) || sz < (s + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE));
+  }
+}
+
+/* Check a tree and its subtrees.  */
+static void do_check_tree(mstate m, tchunkptr t) {
+  tchunkptr head = 0;
+  tchunkptr u = t;
+  bindex_t tindex = t->index;
+  size_t tsize = chunksize(t);
+  bindex_t idx;
+  compute_tree_index(tsize, idx);
+  assert(tindex == idx);
+  assert(tsize >= MIN_LARGE_SIZE);
+  assert(tsize >= minsize_for_tree_index(idx));
+  assert((idx == NTREEBINS-1) || (tsize < minsize_for_tree_index((idx+1))));
+
+  do { /* traverse through chain of same-sized nodes */
+    do_check_any_chunk(m, ((mchunkptr)u));
+    assert(u->index == tindex);
+    assert(chunksize(u) == tsize);
+    assert(!cinuse(u));
+    assert(!next_pinuse(u));
+    assert(u->fd->bk == u);
+    assert(u->bk->fd == u);
+    if (u->parent == 0) {
+      assert(u->child[0] == 0);
+      assert(u->child[1] == 0);
+    }
+    else {
+      assert(head == 0); /* only one node on chain has parent */
+      head = u;
+      assert(u->parent != u);
+      assert (u->parent->child[0] == u ||
+	      u->parent->child[1] == u ||
+	      *((tbinptr*)(u->parent)) == u);
+      if (u->child[0] != 0) {
+	assert(u->child[0]->parent == u);
+	assert(u->child[0] != u);
+	do_check_tree(m, u->child[0]);
+      }
+      if (u->child[1] != 0) {
+	assert(u->child[1]->parent == u);
+	assert(u->child[1] != u);
+	do_check_tree(m, u->child[1]);
+      }
+      if (u->child[0] != 0 && u->child[1] != 0) {
+	assert(chunksize(u->child[0]) < chunksize(u->child[1]));
+      }
+    }
+    u = u->fd;
+  } while (u != t);
+  assert(head != 0);
+}
+
+/*  Check all the chunks in a treebin.  */
+static void do_check_treebin(mstate m, bindex_t i) {
+  tbinptr* tb = treebin_at(m, i);
+  tchunkptr t = *tb;
+  int empty = (m->treemap & (1U << i)) == 0;
+  if (t == 0)
+    assert(empty);
+  if (!empty)
+    do_check_tree(m, t);
+}
+
+/*  Check all the chunks in a smallbin.  */
+static void do_check_smallbin(mstate m, bindex_t i) {
+  sbinptr b = smallbin_at(m, i);
+  mchunkptr p = b->bk;
+  unsigned int empty = (m->smallmap & (1U << i)) == 0;
+  if (p == b)
+    assert(empty);
+  if (!empty) {
+    for (; p != b; p = p->bk) {
+      size_t size = chunksize(p);
+      mchunkptr q;
+      /* each chunk claims to be free */
+      do_check_free_chunk(m, p);
+      /* chunk belongs in bin */
+      assert(small_index(size) == i);
+      assert(p->bk == b || chunksize(p->bk) == chunksize(p));
+      /* chunk is followed by an inuse chunk */
+      q = next_chunk(p);
+      if (q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD)
+	do_check_inuse_chunk(m, q);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/* Find x in a bin. Used in other check functions. */
+static int bin_find(mstate m, mchunkptr x) {
+  size_t size = chunksize(x);
+  if (is_small(size)) {
+    bindex_t sidx = small_index(size);
+    sbinptr b = smallbin_at(m, sidx);
+    if (smallmap_is_marked(m, sidx)) {
+      mchunkptr p = b;
+      do {
+	if (p == x)
+	  return 1;
+      } while ((p = p->fd) != b);
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    bindex_t tidx;
+    compute_tree_index(size, tidx);
+    if (treemap_is_marked(m, tidx)) {
+      tchunkptr t = *treebin_at(m, tidx);
+      size_t sizebits = size << leftshift_for_tree_index(tidx);
+      while (t != 0 && chunksize(t) != size) {
+	t = t->child[(sizebits >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1];
+	sizebits <<= 1;
+      }
+      if (t != 0) {
+	tchunkptr u = t;
+	do {
+	  if (u == (tchunkptr)x)
+	    return 1;
+	} while ((u = u->fd) != t);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Traverse each chunk and check it; return total */
+static size_t traverse_and_check(mstate m) {
+  size_t sum = 0;
+  if (is_initialized(m)) {
+    msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+    sum += m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+    while (s != 0) {
+      mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+      mchunkptr lastq = 0;
+      assert(pinuse(q));
+      while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	     q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	sum += chunksize(q);
+	if (cinuse(q)) {
+	  assert(!bin_find(m, q));
+	  do_check_inuse_chunk(m, q);
+	}
+	else {
+	  assert(q == m->dv || bin_find(m, q));
+	  assert(lastq == 0 || cinuse(lastq)); /* Not 2 consecutive free */
+	  do_check_free_chunk(m, q);
+	}
+	lastq = q;
+	q = next_chunk(q);
+      }
+      s = s->next;
+    }
+  }
+  return sum;
+}
+
+/* Check all properties of malloc_state. */
+static void do_check_malloc_state(mstate m) {
+  bindex_t i;
+  size_t total;
+  /* check bins */
+  for (i = 0; i < NSMALLBINS; ++i)
+    do_check_smallbin(m, i);
+  for (i = 0; i < NTREEBINS; ++i)
+    do_check_treebin(m, i);
+
+  if (m->dvsize != 0) { /* check dv chunk */
+    do_check_any_chunk(m, m->dv);
+    assert(m->dvsize == chunksize(m->dv));
+    assert(m->dvsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+    assert(bin_find(m, m->dv) == 0);
+  }
+
+  if (m->top != 0) {   /* check top chunk */
+    do_check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+    /*assert(m->topsize == chunksize(m->top)); redundant */
+    assert(m->topsize > 0);
+    assert(bin_find(m, m->top) == 0);
+  }
+
+  total = traverse_and_check(m);
+  assert(total <= m->footprint);
+  assert(m->footprint <= m->max_footprint);
+}
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* ----------------------------- statistics ------------------------------ */
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+static struct mallinfo internal_mallinfo(mstate m) {
+  struct mallinfo nm = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    check_malloc_state(m);
+    if (is_initialized(m)) {
+      size_t nfree = SIZE_T_ONE; /* top always free */
+      size_t mfree = m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+      size_t sum = mfree;
+      msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+      while (s != 0) {
+	mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+	while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	       q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	  size_t sz = chunksize(q);
+	  sum += sz;
+	  if (!cinuse(q)) {
+	    mfree += sz;
+	    ++nfree;
+	  }
+	  q = next_chunk(q);
+	}
+	s = s->next;
+      }
+
+      nm.arena    = sum;
+      nm.ordblks  = nfree;
+      nm.hblkhd   = m->footprint - sum;
+      nm.usmblks  = m->max_footprint;
+      nm.uordblks = m->footprint - mfree;
+      nm.fordblks = mfree;
+      nm.keepcost = m->topsize;
+    }
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+  }
+  return nm;
+}
+#endif /* !NO_MALLINFO */
+
+static void internal_malloc_stats(mstate m) {
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    size_t maxfp = 0;
+    size_t fp = 0;
+    size_t used = 0;
+    check_malloc_state(m);
+    if (is_initialized(m)) {
+      msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+      maxfp = m->max_footprint;
+      fp = m->footprint;
+      used = fp - (m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+
+      while (s != 0) {
+	mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+	while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	       q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	  if (!cinuse(q))
+	    used -= chunksize(q);
+	  q = next_chunk(q);
+	}
+	s = s->next;
+      }
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "max system bytes = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(maxfp));
+    fprintf(stderr, "system bytes     = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(fp));
+    fprintf(stderr, "in use bytes     = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(used));
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+  }
+}
+
+/* ----------------------- Operations on smallbins ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Various forms of linking and unlinking are defined as macros.  Even
+  the ones for trees, which are very long but have very short typical
+  paths.  This is ugly but reduces reliance on inlining support of
+  compilers.
+*/
+
+/* Link a free chunk into a smallbin  */
+#define insert_small_chunk(M, P, S) {\
+  bindex_t I  = small_index(S);\
+  mchunkptr B = smallbin_at(M, I);\
+  mchunkptr F = B;\
+  assert(S >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);\
+  if (!smallmap_is_marked(M, I))\
+    mark_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, B->fd)))\
+    F = B->fd;\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+  B->fd = P;\
+  F->bk = P;\
+  P->fd = F;\
+  P->bk = B;\
+}
+
+/* Unlink a chunk from a smallbin  */
+#define unlink_small_chunk(M, P, S) {\
+  mchunkptr F = P->fd;\
+  mchunkptr B = P->bk;\
+  bindex_t I = small_index(S);\
+  assert(P != B);\
+  assert(P != F);\
+  assert(chunksize(P) == small_index2size(I));\
+  if (F == B)\
+    clear_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK((F == smallbin_at(M,I) || ok_address(M, F)) &&\
+		   (B == smallbin_at(M,I) || ok_address(M, B)))) {\
+    F->bk = B;\
+    B->fd = F;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+}
+
+/* Unlink the first chunk from a smallbin */
+#define unlink_first_small_chunk(M, B, P, I) {\
+  mchunkptr F = P->fd;\
+  assert(P != B);\
+  assert(P != F);\
+  assert(chunksize(P) == small_index2size(I));\
+  if (B == F)\
+    clear_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, F))) {\
+    B->fd = F;\
+    F->bk = B;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+}
+
+
+
+/* Replace dv node, binning the old one */
+/* Used only when dvsize known to be small */
+#define replace_dv(M, P, S) {\
+  size_t DVS = M->dvsize;\
+  if (DVS != 0) {\
+    mchunkptr DV = M->dv;\
+    assert(is_small(DVS));\
+    insert_small_chunk(M, DV, DVS);\
+  }\
+  M->dvsize = S;\
+  M->dv = P;\
+}
+
+/* ------------------------- Operations on trees ------------------------- */
+
+/* Insert chunk into tree */
+#define insert_large_chunk(M, X, S) {\
+  tbinptr* H;\
+  bindex_t I;\
+  compute_tree_index(S, I);\
+  H = treebin_at(M, I);\
+  X->index = I;\
+  X->child[0] = X->child[1] = 0;\
+  if (!treemap_is_marked(M, I)) {\
+    mark_treemap(M, I);\
+    *H = X;\
+    X->parent = (tchunkptr)H;\
+    X->fd = X->bk = X;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    tchunkptr T = *H;\
+    size_t K = S << leftshift_for_tree_index(I);\
+    for (;;) {\
+      if (chunksize(T) != S) {\
+	tchunkptr* C = &(T->child[(K >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1]);\
+	K <<= 1;\
+	if (*C != 0)\
+	  T = *C;\
+	else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C))) {\
+	  *C = X;\
+	  X->parent = T;\
+	  X->fd = X->bk = X;\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+	else {\
+	  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+      }\
+      else {\
+	tchunkptr F = T->fd;\
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, T) && ok_address(M, F))) {\
+	  T->fd = F->bk = X;\
+	  X->fd = F;\
+	  X->bk = T;\
+	  X->parent = 0;\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+	else {\
+	  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+      }\
+    }\
+  }\
+}
+
+/*
+  Unlink steps:
+
+  1. If x is a chained node, unlink it from its same-sized fd/bk links
+     and choose its bk node as its replacement.
+  2. If x was the last node of its size, but not a leaf node, it must
+     be replaced with a leaf node (not merely one with an open left or
+     right), to make sure that lefts and rights of descendents
+     correspond properly to bit masks.  We use the rightmost descendent
+     of x.  We could use any other leaf, but this is easy to locate and
+     tends to counteract removal of leftmosts elsewhere, and so keeps
+     paths shorter than minimally guaranteed.  This doesn't loop much
+     because on average a node in a tree is near the bottom.
+  3. If x is the base of a chain (i.e., has parent links) relink
+     x's parent and children to x's replacement (or null if none).
+*/
+
+#define unlink_large_chunk(M, X) {\
+  tchunkptr XP = X->parent;\
+  tchunkptr R;\
+  if (X->bk != X) {\
+    tchunkptr F = X->fd;\
+    R = X->bk;\
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, F))) {\
+      F->bk = R;\
+      R->fd = F;\
+    }\
+    else {\
+      CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    }\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    tchunkptr* RP;\
+    if (((R = *(RP = &(X->child[1]))) != 0) ||\
+	((R = *(RP = &(X->child[0]))) != 0)) {\
+      tchunkptr* CP;\
+      while ((*(CP = &(R->child[1])) != 0) ||\
+	     (*(CP = &(R->child[0])) != 0)) {\
+	R = *(RP = CP);\
+      }\
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, RP)))\
+	*RP = 0;\
+      else {\
+	CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+      }\
+    }\
+  }\
+  if (XP != 0) {\
+    tbinptr* H = treebin_at(M, X->index);\
+    if (X == *H) {\
+      if ((*H = R) == 0) \
+	clear_treemap(M, X->index);\
+    }\
+    else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, XP))) {\
+      if (XP->child[0] == X) \
+	XP->child[0] = R;\
+      else \
+	XP->child[1] = R;\
+    }\
+    else\
+      CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    if (R != 0) {\
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, R))) {\
+	tchunkptr C0, C1;\
+	R->parent = XP;\
+	if ((C0 = X->child[0]) != 0) {\
+	  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C0))) {\
+	    R->child[0] = C0;\
+	    C0->parent = R;\
+	  }\
+	  else\
+	    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	}\
+	if ((C1 = X->child[1]) != 0) {\
+	  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C1))) {\
+	    R->child[1] = C1;\
+	    C1->parent = R;\
+	  }\
+	  else\
+	    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	}\
+      }\
+      else\
+	CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    }\
+  }\
+}
+
+/* Relays to large vs small bin operations */
+
+#define insert_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  if (is_small(S)) insert_small_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  else { tchunkptr TP = (tchunkptr)(P); insert_large_chunk(M, TP, S); }
+
+#define unlink_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  if (is_small(S)) unlink_small_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  else { tchunkptr TP = (tchunkptr)(P); unlink_large_chunk(M, TP); }
+
+
+/* Relays to internal calls to malloc/free from realloc, memalign etc */
+
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define internal_malloc(m, b) mspace_malloc(m, b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem) mspace_free(m,mem);
+#else /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#if MSPACES
+#define internal_malloc(m, b)\
+   (m == gm)? dlmalloc(b) : mspace_malloc(m, b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem)\
+   if (m == gm) dlfree(mem); else mspace_free(m,mem);
+#else /* MSPACES */
+#define internal_malloc(m, b) dlmalloc(b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem) dlfree(mem)
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+#endif /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+/* -----------------------  Direct-mmapping chunks ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Directly mmapped chunks are set up with an offset to the start of
+  the mmapped region stored in the prev_foot field of the chunk. This
+  allows reconstruction of the required argument to MUNMAP when freed,
+  and also allows adjustment of the returned chunk to meet alignment
+  requirements (especially in memalign).  There is also enough space
+  allocated to hold a fake next chunk of size SIZE_T_SIZE to maintain
+  the PINUSE bit so frees can be checked.
+*/
+
+/* Malloc using mmap */
+static void* mmap_alloc(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  size_t mmsize = mmap_align(nb + SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+  if (mmsize > nb) {     /* Check for wrap around 0 */
+    char* mm = (char*)(CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(mmsize));
+    if (mm != CMFAIL) {
+      size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(mm));
+      size_t psize = mmsize - offset - MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+      mchunkptr p = (mchunkptr)(mm + offset);
+      p->prev_foot = offset | IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      (p)->head = (psize|CINUSE_BIT);
+      mark_inuse_foot(m, p, psize);
+      chunk_plus_offset(p, psize)->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+      chunk_plus_offset(p, psize+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head = 0;
+
+      if (mm < m->least_addr)
+	m->least_addr = mm;
+      if ((m->footprint += mmsize) > m->max_footprint)
+	m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+      assert(is_aligned(chunk2mem(p)));
+      check_mmapped_chunk(m, p);
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Realloc using mmap */
+static mchunkptr mmap_resize(mstate m, mchunkptr oldp, size_t nb) {
+  size_t oldsize = chunksize(oldp);
+  if (is_small(nb)) /* Can't shrink mmap regions below small size */
+    return 0;
+  /* Keep old chunk if big enough but not too big */
+  if (oldsize >= nb + SIZE_T_SIZE &&
+      (oldsize - nb) <= (mparams.granularity << 1))
+    return oldp;
+  else {
+    size_t offset = oldp->prev_foot & ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+    size_t oldmmsize = oldsize + offset + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+    size_t newmmsize = mmap_align(nb + SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+    char* cp = (char*)CALL_MREMAP((char*)oldp - offset,
+				  oldmmsize, newmmsize, 1);
+    if (cp != CMFAIL) {
+      mchunkptr newp = (mchunkptr)(cp + offset);
+      size_t psize = newmmsize - offset - MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+      newp->head = (psize|CINUSE_BIT);
+      mark_inuse_foot(m, newp, psize);
+      chunk_plus_offset(newp, psize)->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+      chunk_plus_offset(newp, psize+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head = 0;
+
+      if (cp < m->least_addr)
+	m->least_addr = cp;
+      if ((m->footprint += newmmsize - oldmmsize) > m->max_footprint)
+	m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+      check_mmapped_chunk(m, newp);
+      return newp;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------- mspace management -------------------------- */
+
+/* Initialize top chunk and its size */
+static void init_top(mstate m, mchunkptr p, size_t psize) {
+  /* Ensure alignment */
+  size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(p));
+  p = (mchunkptr)((char*)p + offset);
+  psize -= offset;
+
+  m->top = p;
+  m->topsize = psize;
+  p->head = psize | PINUSE_BIT;
+  /* set size of fake trailing chunk holding overhead space only once */
+  chunk_plus_offset(p, psize)->head = TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+  m->trim_check = mparams.trim_threshold; /* reset on each update */
+}
+
+/* Initialize bins for a new mstate that is otherwise zeroed out */
+static void init_bins(mstate m) {
+  /* Establish circular links for smallbins */
+  bindex_t i;
+  for (i = 0; i < NSMALLBINS; ++i) {
+    sbinptr bin = smallbin_at(m,i);
+    bin->fd = bin->bk = bin;
+  }
+}
+
+#if PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+
+/* default corruption action */
+static void reset_on_error(mstate m) {
+  int i;
+  ++malloc_corruption_error_count;
+  /* Reinitialize fields to forget about all memory */
+  m->smallbins = m->treebins = 0;
+  m->dvsize = m->topsize = 0;
+  m->seg.base = 0;
+  m->seg.size = 0;
+  m->seg.next = 0;
+  m->top = m->dv = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < NTREEBINS; ++i)
+    *treebin_at(m, i) = 0;
+  init_bins(m);
+}
+#endif /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+/* Allocate chunk and prepend remainder with chunk in successor base. */
+static void* prepend_alloc(mstate m, char* newbase, char* oldbase,
+			   size_t nb) {
+  mchunkptr p = align_as_chunk(newbase);
+  mchunkptr oldfirst = align_as_chunk(oldbase);
+  size_t psize = (char*)oldfirst - (char*)p;
+  mchunkptr q = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+  size_t qsize = psize - nb;
+  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, nb);
+
+  assert((char*)oldfirst > (char*)q);
+  assert(pinuse(oldfirst));
+  assert(qsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+
+  /* consolidate remainder with first chunk of old base */
+  if (oldfirst == m->top) {
+    size_t tsize = m->topsize += qsize;
+    m->top = q;
+    q->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+    check_top_chunk(m, q);
+  }
+  else if (oldfirst == m->dv) {
+    size_t dsize = m->dvsize += qsize;
+    m->dv = q;
+    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(q, dsize);
+  }
+  else {
+    if (!cinuse(oldfirst)) {
+      size_t nsize = chunksize(oldfirst);
+      unlink_chunk(m, oldfirst, nsize);
+      oldfirst = chunk_plus_offset(oldfirst, nsize);
+      qsize += nsize;
+    }
+    set_free_with_pinuse(q, qsize, oldfirst);
+    insert_chunk(m, q, qsize);
+    check_free_chunk(m, q);
+  }
+
+  check_malloced_chunk(m, chunk2mem(p), nb);
+  return chunk2mem(p);
+}
+
+/* Add a segment to hold a new noncontiguous region */
+static void add_segment(mstate m, char* tbase, size_t tsize, flag_t mmapped) {
+  /* Determine locations and sizes of segment, fenceposts, old top */
+  char* old_top = (char*)m->top;
+  msegmentptr oldsp = segment_holding(m, old_top);
+  char* old_end = oldsp->base + oldsp->size;
+  size_t ssize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_segment));
+  char* rawsp = old_end - (ssize + FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+  size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(rawsp));
+  char* asp = rawsp + offset;
+  char* csp = (asp < (old_top + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE))? old_top : asp;
+  mchunkptr sp = (mchunkptr)csp;
+  msegmentptr ss = (msegmentptr)(chunk2mem(sp));
+  mchunkptr tnext = chunk_plus_offset(sp, ssize);
+  mchunkptr p = tnext;
+  int nfences = 0;
+
+  /* reset top to new space */
+  init_top(m, (mchunkptr)tbase, tsize - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+
+  /* Set up segment record */
+  assert(is_aligned(ss));
+  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, sp, ssize);
+  *ss = m->seg; /* Push current record */
+  m->seg.base = tbase;
+  m->seg.size = tsize;
+  m->seg.sflags = mmapped;
+  m->seg.next = ss;
+
+  /* Insert trailing fenceposts */
+  for (;;) {
+    mchunkptr nextp = chunk_plus_offset(p, SIZE_T_SIZE);
+    p->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+    ++nfences;
+    if ((char*)(&(nextp->head)) < old_end)
+      p = nextp;
+    else
+      break;
+  }
+  assert(nfences >= 2);
+
+  /* Insert the rest of old top into a bin as an ordinary free chunk */
+  if (csp != old_top) {
+    mchunkptr q = (mchunkptr)old_top;
+    size_t psize = csp - old_top;
+    mchunkptr tn = chunk_plus_offset(q, psize);
+    set_free_with_pinuse(q, psize, tn);
+    insert_chunk(m, q, psize);
+  }
+
+  check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+}
+
+/* -------------------------- System allocation -------------------------- */
+
+/* Get memory from system using MORECORE or MMAP */
+static void* sys_alloc(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  char* tbase = CMFAIL;
+  size_t tsize = 0;
+  flag_t mmap_flag = 0;
+
+  ensure_initialization();
+
+  /* Directly map large chunks */
+  if (use_mmap(m) && nb >= mparams.mmap_threshold) {
+    void* mem = mmap_alloc(m, nb);
+    if (mem != 0)
+      return mem;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Try getting memory in any of three ways (in most-preferred to
+    least-preferred order):
+    1. A call to MORECORE that can normally contiguously extend memory.
+       (disabled if not MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS or not HAVE_MORECORE or
+       or main space is mmapped or a previous contiguous call failed)
+    2. A call to MMAP new space (disabled if not HAVE_MMAP).
+       Note that under the default settings, if MORECORE is unable to
+       fulfill a request, and HAVE_MMAP is true, then mmap is
+       used as a noncontiguous system allocator. This is a useful backup
+       strategy for systems with holes in address spaces -- in this case
+       sbrk cannot contiguously expand the heap, but mmap may be able to
+       find space.
+    3. A call to MORECORE that cannot usually contiguously extend memory.
+       (disabled if not HAVE_MORECORE)
+
+   In all cases, we need to request enough bytes from system to ensure
+   we can malloc nb bytes upon success, so pad with enough space for
+   top_foot, plus alignment-pad to make sure we don't lose bytes if
+   not on boundary, and round this up to a granularity unit.
+  */
+
+  if (MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS && !use_noncontiguous(m)) {
+    char* br = CMFAIL;
+    msegmentptr ss = (m->top == 0)? 0 : segment_holding(m, (char*)m->top);
+    size_t asize = 0;
+    ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+
+    if (ss == 0) {  /* First time through or recovery */
+      char* base = (char*)CALL_MORECORE(0);
+      if (base != CMFAIL) {
+	asize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+	/* Adjust to end on a page boundary */
+	if (!is_page_aligned(base))
+	  asize += (page_align((size_t)base) - (size_t)base);
+	/* Can't call MORECORE if size is negative when treated as signed */
+	if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	    (br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize))) == base) {
+	  tbase = base;
+	  tsize = asize;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      /* Subtract out existing available top space from MORECORE request. */
+      asize = granularity_align(nb - m->topsize + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+      /* Use mem here only if it did continuously extend old space */
+      if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	  (br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize))) == ss->base+ss->size) {
+	tbase = br;
+	tsize = asize;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (tbase == CMFAIL) {    /* Cope with partial failure */
+      if (br != CMFAIL) {    /* Try to use/extend the space we did get */
+	if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	    asize < nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING) {
+	  size_t esize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING - asize);
+	  if (esize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) {
+	    char* end = (char*)CALL_MORECORE(esize);
+	    if (end != CMFAIL)
+	      asize += esize;
+	    else {            /* Can't use; try to release */
+	      (void) CALL_MORECORE(-asize);
+	      br = CMFAIL;
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+      }
+      if (br != CMFAIL) {    /* Use the space we did get */
+	tbase = br;
+	tsize = asize;
+      }
+      else
+	disable_contiguous(m); /* Don't try contiguous path in the future */
+    }
+
+    RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  }
+
+  if (HAVE_MMAP && tbase == CMFAIL) {  /* Try MMAP */
+    size_t rsize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+    if (rsize > nb) { /* Fail if wraps around zero */
+      char* mp = (char*)(CALL_MMAP(rsize));
+      if (mp != CMFAIL) {
+	tbase = mp;
+	tsize = rsize;
+	mmap_flag = IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (HAVE_MORECORE && tbase == CMFAIL) { /* Try noncontiguous MORECORE */
+    size_t asize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+    if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) {
+      char* br = CMFAIL;
+      char* end = CMFAIL;
+      ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+      br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize));
+      end = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+      RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+      if (br != CMFAIL && end != CMFAIL && br < end) {
+	size_t ssize = end - br;
+	if (ssize > nb + TOP_FOOT_SIZE) {
+	  tbase = br;
+	  tsize = ssize;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (tbase != CMFAIL) {
+
+    if ((m->footprint += tsize) > m->max_footprint)
+      m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+
+    if (!is_initialized(m)) { /* first-time initialization */
+      m->seg.base = m->least_addr = tbase;
+      m->seg.size = tsize;
+      m->seg.sflags = mmap_flag;
+      m->magic = mparams.magic;
+      m->release_checks = MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE;
+      init_bins(m);
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+      if (is_global(m))
+	init_top(m, (mchunkptr)tbase, tsize - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+      else
+#endif
+      {
+	/* Offset top by embedded malloc_state */
+	mchunkptr mn = next_chunk(mem2chunk(m));
+	init_top(m, mn, (size_t)((tbase + tsize) - (char*)mn) -TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+      }
+    }
+
+    else {
+      /* Try to merge with an existing segment */
+      msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+      /* Only consider most recent segment if traversal suppressed */
+      while (sp != 0 && tbase != sp->base + sp->size)
+	sp = (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) ? 0 : sp->next;
+      if (sp != 0 &&
+	  !is_extern_segment(sp) &&
+	  (sp->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) == mmap_flag &&
+	  segment_holds(sp, m->top)) { /* append */
+	sp->size += tsize;
+	init_top(m, m->top, m->topsize + tsize);
+      }
+      else {
+	if (tbase < m->least_addr)
+	  m->least_addr = tbase;
+	sp = &m->seg;
+	while (sp != 0 && sp->base != tbase + tsize)
+	  sp = (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) ? 0 : sp->next;
+	if (sp != 0 &&
+	    !is_extern_segment(sp) &&
+	    (sp->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) == mmap_flag) {
+	  char* oldbase = sp->base;
+	  sp->base = tbase;
+	  sp->size += tsize;
+	  return prepend_alloc(m, tbase, oldbase, nb);
+	}
+	else
+	  add_segment(m, tbase, tsize, mmap_flag);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb < m->topsize) { /* Allocate from new or extended top space */
+      size_t rsize = m->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = m->top;
+      mchunkptr r = m->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, nb);
+      check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(m, chunk2mem(p), nb);
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+
+  MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* -----------------------  system deallocation -------------------------- */
+
+/* Unmap and unlink any mmapped segments that don't contain used chunks */
+static size_t release_unused_segments(mstate m) {
+  size_t released = 0;
+  int nsegs = 0;
+  msegmentptr pred = &m->seg;
+  msegmentptr sp = pred->next;
+  while (sp != 0) {
+    char* base = sp->base;
+    size_t size = sp->size;
+    msegmentptr next = sp->next;
+    ++nsegs;
+    if (is_mmapped_segment(sp) && !is_extern_segment(sp)) {
+      mchunkptr p = align_as_chunk(base);
+      size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+      /* Can unmap if first chunk holds entire segment and not pinned */
+      if (!cinuse(p) && (char*)p + psize >= base + size - TOP_FOOT_SIZE) {
+	tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	assert(segment_holds(sp, (char*)sp));
+	if (p == m->dv) {
+	  m->dv = 0;
+	  m->dvsize = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+	  unlink_large_chunk(m, tp);
+	}
+	if (CALL_MUNMAP(base, size) == 0) {
+	  released += size;
+	  m->footprint -= size;
+	  /* unlink obsoleted record */
+	  sp = pred;
+	  sp->next = next;
+	}
+	else { /* back out if cannot unmap */
+	  insert_large_chunk(m, tp, psize);
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    if (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) /* scan only first segment */
+      break;
+    pred = sp;
+    sp = next;
+  }
+  /* Reset check counter */
+  m->release_checks = ((nsegs > MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE)?
+		       nsegs : MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE);
+  return released;
+}
+
+static int sys_trim(mstate m, size_t pad) {
+  size_t released = 0;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (pad < MAX_REQUEST && is_initialized(m)) {
+    pad += TOP_FOOT_SIZE; /* ensure enough room for segment overhead */
+
+    if (m->topsize > pad) {
+      /* Shrink top space in granularity-size units, keeping at least one */
+      size_t unit = mparams.granularity;
+      size_t extra = ((m->topsize - pad + (unit - SIZE_T_ONE)) / unit -
+		      SIZE_T_ONE) * unit;
+      msegmentptr sp = segment_holding(m, (char*)m->top);
+
+      if (!is_extern_segment(sp)) {
+	if (is_mmapped_segment(sp)) {
+	  if (HAVE_MMAP &&
+	      sp->size >= extra &&
+	      !has_segment_link(m, sp)) { /* can't shrink if pinned */
+	    size_t newsize = sp->size - extra;
+	    /* Prefer mremap, fall back to munmap */
+	    if ((CALL_MREMAP(sp->base, sp->size, newsize, 0) != MFAIL) ||
+		(CALL_MUNMAP(sp->base + newsize, extra) == 0)) {
+	      released = extra;
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+	else if (HAVE_MORECORE) {
+	  if (extra >= HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) /* Avoid wrapping negative */
+	    extra = (HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) + SIZE_T_ONE - unit;
+	  ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	  {
+	    /* Make sure end of memory is where we last set it. */
+	    char* old_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+	    if (old_br == sp->base + sp->size) {
+	      char* rel_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(-extra));
+	      char* new_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+	      if (rel_br != CMFAIL && new_br < old_br)
+		released = old_br - new_br;
+	    }
+	  }
+	  RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	}
+      }
+
+      if (released != 0) {
+	sp->size -= released;
+	m->footprint -= released;
+	init_top(m, m->top, m->topsize - released);
+	check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* Unmap any unused mmapped segments */
+    if (HAVE_MMAP)
+      released += release_unused_segments(m);
+
+    /* On failure, disable autotrim to avoid repeated failed future calls */
+    if (released == 0 && m->topsize > m->trim_check)
+      m->trim_check = MAX_SIZE_T;
+  }
+
+  return (released != 0)? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------- malloc support --------------------------- */
+
+/* allocate a large request from the best fitting chunk in a treebin */
+static void* tmalloc_large(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  tchunkptr v = 0;
+  size_t rsize = -nb; /* Unsigned negation */
+  tchunkptr t;
+  bindex_t idx;
+  compute_tree_index(nb, idx);
+  if ((t = *treebin_at(m, idx)) != 0) {
+    /* Traverse tree for this bin looking for node with size == nb */
+    size_t sizebits = nb << leftshift_for_tree_index(idx);
+    tchunkptr rst = 0;  /* The deepest untaken right subtree */
+    for (;;) {
+      tchunkptr rt;
+      size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+      if (trem < rsize) {
+	v = t;
+	if ((rsize = trem) == 0)
+	  break;
+      }
+      rt = t->child[1];
+      t = t->child[(sizebits >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1];
+      if (rt != 0 && rt != t)
+	rst = rt;
+      if (t == 0) {
+	t = rst; /* set t to least subtree holding sizes > nb */
+	break;
+      }
+      sizebits <<= 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (t == 0 && v == 0) { /* set t to root of next non-empty treebin */
+    binmap_t leftbits = left_bits(idx2bit(idx)) & m->treemap;
+    if (leftbits != 0) {
+      bindex_t i;
+      binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+      compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+      t = *treebin_at(m, i);
+    }
+  }
+
+  while (t != 0) { /* find smallest of tree or subtree */
+    size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+    if (trem < rsize) {
+      rsize = trem;
+      v = t;
+    }
+    t = leftmost_child(t);
+  }
+
+  /*  If dv is a better fit, return 0 so malloc will use it */
+  if (v != 0 && rsize < (size_t)(m->dvsize - nb)) {
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, v))) { /* split */
+      mchunkptr r = chunk_plus_offset(v, nb);
+      assert(chunksize(v) == rsize + nb);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_next(v, r))) {
+	unlink_large_chunk(m, v);
+	if (rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	  set_inuse_and_pinuse(m, v, (rsize + nb));
+	else {
+	  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, v, nb);
+	  set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	  insert_chunk(m, r, rsize);
+	}
+	return chunk2mem(v);
+      }
+    }
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* allocate a small request from the best fitting chunk in a treebin */
+static void* tmalloc_small(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  tchunkptr t, v;
+  size_t rsize;
+  bindex_t i;
+  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(m->treemap);
+  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+  v = t = *treebin_at(m, i);
+  rsize = chunksize(t) - nb;
+
+  while ((t = leftmost_child(t)) != 0) {
+    size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+    if (trem < rsize) {
+      rsize = trem;
+      v = t;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, v))) {
+    mchunkptr r = chunk_plus_offset(v, nb);
+    assert(chunksize(v) == rsize + nb);
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_next(v, r))) {
+      unlink_large_chunk(m, v);
+      if (rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(m, v, (rsize + nb));
+      else {
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, v, nb);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	replace_dv(m, r, rsize);
+      }
+      return chunk2mem(v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- realloc support --------------------------- */
+
+static void* internal_realloc(mstate m, void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST) {
+    MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    mchunkptr oldp = mem2chunk(oldmem);
+    size_t oldsize = chunksize(oldp);
+    mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(oldp, oldsize);
+    mchunkptr newp = 0;
+    void* extra = 0;
+
+    /* Try to either shrink or extend into top. Else malloc-copy-free */
+
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, oldp) && ok_cinuse(oldp) &&
+		ok_next(oldp, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+      size_t nb = request2size(bytes);
+      if (is_mmapped(oldp))
+	newp = mmap_resize(m, oldp, nb);
+      else if (oldsize >= nb) { /* already big enough */
+	size_t rsize = oldsize - nb;
+	newp = oldp;
+	if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+	  mchunkptr remainder = chunk_plus_offset(newp, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, newp, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, remainder, rsize);
+	  extra = chunk2mem(remainder);
+	}
+      }
+      else if (next == m->top && oldsize + m->topsize > nb) {
+	/* Expand into top */
+	size_t newsize = oldsize + m->topsize;
+	size_t newtopsize = newsize - nb;
+	mchunkptr newtop = chunk_plus_offset(oldp, nb);
+	set_inuse(m, oldp, nb);
+	newtop->head = newtopsize |PINUSE_BIT;
+	m->top = newtop;
+	m->topsize = newtopsize;
+	newp = oldp;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, oldmem);
+      POSTACTION(m);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+
+    if (newp != 0) {
+      if (extra != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, extra);
+      }
+      check_inuse_chunk(m, newp);
+      return chunk2mem(newp);
+    }
+    else {
+      void* newmem = internal_malloc(m, bytes);
+      if (newmem != 0) {
+	size_t oc = oldsize - overhead_for(oldp);
+	memcpy(newmem, oldmem, (oc < bytes)? oc : bytes);
+	internal_free(m, oldmem);
+      }
+      return newmem;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- memalign support -------------------------- */
+
+static void* internal_memalign(mstate m, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  if (alignment <= MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)    /* Can just use malloc */
+    return internal_malloc(m, bytes);
+  if (alignment <  MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) /* must be at least a minimum chunk size */
+    alignment = MIN_CHUNK_SIZE;
+  if ((alignment & (alignment-SIZE_T_ONE)) != 0) {/* Ensure a power of 2 */
+    size_t a = MALLOC_ALIGNMENT << 1;
+    while (a < alignment) a <<= 1;
+    alignment = a;
+  }
+
+  if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST - alignment) {
+    if (m != 0)  { /* Test isn't needed but avoids compiler warning */
+      MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    size_t nb = request2size(bytes);
+    size_t req = nb + alignment + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE - CHUNK_OVERHEAD;
+    char* mem = (char*)internal_malloc(m, req);
+    if (mem != 0) {
+      void* leader = 0;
+      void* trailer = 0;
+      mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+
+      if (PREACTION(m)) return 0;
+      if ((((size_t)(mem)) % alignment) != 0) { /* misaligned */
+	/*
+	  Find an aligned spot inside chunk.  Since we need to give
+	  back leading space in a chunk of at least MIN_CHUNK_SIZE, if
+	  the first calculation places us at a spot with less than
+	  MIN_CHUNK_SIZE leader, we can move to the next aligned spot.
+	  We've allocated enough total room so that this is always
+	  possible.
+	*/
+	char* br = (char*)mem2chunk((size_t)(((size_t)(mem +
+						       alignment -
+						       SIZE_T_ONE)) &
+					     -alignment));
+	char* pos = ((size_t)(br - (char*)(p)) >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)?
+	  br : br+alignment;
+	mchunkptr newp = (mchunkptr)pos;
+	size_t leadsize = pos - (char*)(p);
+	size_t newsize = chunksize(p) - leadsize;
+
+	if (is_mmapped(p)) { /* For mmapped chunks, just adjust offset */
+	  newp->prev_foot = p->prev_foot + leadsize;
+	  newp->head = (newsize|CINUSE_BIT);
+	}
+	else { /* Otherwise, give back leader, use the rest */
+	  set_inuse(m, newp, newsize);
+	  set_inuse(m, p, leadsize);
+	  leader = chunk2mem(p);
+	}
+	p = newp;
+      }
+
+      /* Give back spare room at the end */
+      if (!is_mmapped(p)) {
+	size_t size = chunksize(p);
+	if (size > nb + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+	  size_t remainder_size = size - nb;
+	  mchunkptr remainder = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, p, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, remainder, remainder_size);
+	  trailer = chunk2mem(remainder);
+	}
+      }
+
+      assert (chunksize(p) >= nb);
+      assert((((size_t)(chunk2mem(p))) % alignment) == 0);
+      check_inuse_chunk(m, p);
+      POSTACTION(m);
+      if (leader != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, leader);
+      }
+      if (trailer != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, trailer);
+      }
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------ comalloc/coalloc support --------------------- */
+
+static void** ialloc(mstate m,
+		     size_t n_elements,
+		     size_t* sizes,
+		     int opts,
+		     void* chunks[]) {
+  /*
+    This provides common support for independent_X routines, handling
+    all of the combinations that can result.
+
+    The opts arg has:
+    bit 0 set if all elements are same size (using sizes[0])
+    bit 1 set if elements should be zeroed
+  */
+
+  size_t    element_size;   /* chunksize of each element, if all same */
+  size_t    contents_size;  /* total size of elements */
+  size_t    array_size;     /* request size of pointer array */
+  void*     mem;            /* malloced aggregate space */
+  mchunkptr p;              /* corresponding chunk */
+  size_t    remainder_size; /* remaining bytes while splitting */
+  void**    marray;         /* either "chunks" or malloced ptr array */
+  mchunkptr array_chunk;    /* chunk for malloced ptr array */
+  flag_t    was_enabled;    /* to disable mmap */
+  size_t    size;
+  size_t    i;
+
+  ensure_initialization();
+  /* compute array length, if needed */
+  if (chunks != 0) {
+    if (n_elements == 0)
+      return chunks; /* nothing to do */
+    marray = chunks;
+    array_size = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    /* if empty req, must still return chunk representing empty array */
+    if (n_elements == 0)
+      return (void**)internal_malloc(m, 0);
+    marray = 0;
+    array_size = request2size(n_elements * (sizeof(void*)));
+  }
+
+  /* compute total element size */
+  if (opts & 0x1) { /* all-same-size */
+    element_size = request2size(*sizes);
+    contents_size = n_elements * element_size;
+  }
+  else { /* add up all the sizes */
+    element_size = 0;
+    contents_size = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i != n_elements; ++i)
+      contents_size += request2size(sizes[i]);
+  }
+
+  size = contents_size + array_size;
+
+  /*
+     Allocate the aggregate chunk.  First disable direct-mmapping so
+     malloc won't use it, since we would not be able to later
+     free/realloc space internal to a segregated mmap region.
+  */
+  was_enabled = use_mmap(m);
+  disable_mmap(m);
+  mem = internal_malloc(m, size - CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+  if (was_enabled)
+    enable_mmap(m);
+  if (mem == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  if (PREACTION(m)) return 0;
+  p = mem2chunk(mem);
+  remainder_size = chunksize(p);
+
+  assert(!is_mmapped(p));
+
+  if (opts & 0x2) {       /* optionally clear the elements */
+    memset((size_t*)mem, 0, remainder_size - SIZE_T_SIZE - array_size);
+  }
+
+  /* If not provided, allocate the pointer array as final part of chunk */
+  if (marray == 0) {
+    size_t  array_chunk_size;
+    array_chunk = chunk_plus_offset(p, contents_size);
+    array_chunk_size = remainder_size - contents_size;
+    marray = (void**) (chunk2mem(array_chunk));
+    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, array_chunk, array_chunk_size);
+    remainder_size = contents_size;
+  }
+
+  /* split out elements */
+  for (i = 0; ; ++i) {
+    marray[i] = chunk2mem(p);
+    if (i != n_elements-1) {
+      if (element_size != 0)
+	size = element_size;
+      else
+	size = request2size(sizes[i]);
+      remainder_size -= size;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, size);
+      p = chunk_plus_offset(p, size);
+    }
+    else { /* the final element absorbs any overallocation slop */
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, remainder_size);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+#if DEBUG
+  if (marray != chunks) {
+    /* final element must have exactly exhausted chunk */
+    if (element_size != 0) {
+      assert(remainder_size == element_size);
+    }
+    else {
+      assert(remainder_size == request2size(sizes[i]));
+    }
+    check_inuse_chunk(m, mem2chunk(marray));
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i != n_elements; ++i)
+    check_inuse_chunk(m, mem2chunk(marray[i]));
+
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+  POSTACTION(m);
+  return marray;
+}
+
+
+/* -------------------------- public routines ---------------------------- */
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+void* dlmalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  /*
+     Basic algorithm:
+     If a small request (< 256 bytes minus per-chunk overhead):
+       1. If one exists, use a remainderless chunk in associated smallbin.
+	  (Remainderless means that there are too few excess bytes to
+	  represent as a chunk.)
+       2. If it is big enough, use the dv chunk, which is normally the
+	  chunk adjacent to the one used for the most recent small request.
+       3. If one exists, split the smallest available chunk in a bin,
+	  saving remainder in dv.
+       4. If it is big enough, use the top chunk.
+       5. If available, get memory from system and use it
+     Otherwise, for a large request:
+       1. Find the smallest available binned chunk that fits, and use it
+	  if it is better fitting than dv chunk, splitting if necessary.
+       2. If better fitting than any binned chunk, use the dv chunk.
+       3. If it is big enough, use the top chunk.
+       4. If request size >= mmap threshold, try to directly mmap this chunk.
+       5. If available, get memory from system and use it
+
+     The ugly goto's here ensure that postaction occurs along all paths.
+  */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+  ensure_initialization(); /* initialize in sys_alloc if not using locks */
+#endif
+
+  if (!PREACTION(gm)) {
+    void* mem;
+    size_t nb;
+    if (bytes <= MAX_SMALL_REQUEST) {
+      bindex_t idx;
+      binmap_t smallbits;
+      nb = (bytes < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(bytes);
+      idx = small_index(nb);
+      smallbits = gm->smallmap >> idx;
+
+      if ((smallbits & 0x3U) != 0) { /* Remainderless fit to a smallbin. */
+	mchunkptr b, p;
+	idx += ~smallbits & 1;       /* Uses next bin if idx empty */
+	b = smallbin_at(gm, idx);
+	p = b->fd;
+	assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(idx));
+	unlink_first_small_chunk(gm, b, p, idx);
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, small_index2size(idx));
+	mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+
+      else if (nb > gm->dvsize) {
+	if (smallbits != 0) { /* Use chunk in next nonempty smallbin */
+	  mchunkptr b, p, r;
+	  size_t rsize;
+	  bindex_t i;
+	  binmap_t leftbits = (smallbits << idx) & left_bits(idx2bit(idx));
+	  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+	  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+	  b = smallbin_at(gm, i);
+	  p = b->fd;
+	  assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(i));
+	  unlink_first_small_chunk(gm, b, p, i);
+	  rsize = small_index2size(i) - nb;
+	  /* Fit here cannot be remainderless if 4byte sizes */
+	  if (SIZE_T_SIZE != 4 && rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	    set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, small_index2size(i));
+	  else {
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+	    r = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	    replace_dv(gm, r, rsize);
+	  }
+	  mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	  check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+
+	else if (gm->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_small(gm, nb)) != 0) {
+	  check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST)
+      nb = MAX_SIZE_T; /* Too big to allocate. Force failure (in sys alloc) */
+    else {
+      nb = pad_request(bytes);
+      if (gm->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_large(gm, nb)) != 0) {
+	check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb <= gm->dvsize) {
+      size_t rsize = gm->dvsize - nb;
+      mchunkptr p = gm->dv;
+      if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) { /* split dv */
+	mchunkptr r = gm->dv = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	gm->dvsize = rsize;
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+      }
+      else { /* exhaust dv */
+	size_t dvs = gm->dvsize;
+	gm->dvsize = 0;
+	gm->dv = 0;
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, dvs);
+      }
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    else if (nb < gm->topsize) { /* Split top */
+      size_t rsize = gm->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = gm->top;
+      mchunkptr r = gm->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_top_chunk(gm, gm->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    mem = sys_alloc(gm, nb);
+
+  postaction:
+    POSTACTION(gm);
+    return mem;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void dlfree(void* mem) {
+  /*
+     Consolidate freed chunks with preceeding or succeeding bordering
+     free chunks, if they exist, and then place in a bin.  Intermixed
+     with special cases for top, dv, mmapped chunks, and usage errors.
+  */
+
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+#if FOOTERS
+    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+      return;
+    }
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+#define fm gm
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!PREACTION(fm)) {
+      check_inuse_chunk(fm, p);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, p) && ok_cinuse(p))) {
+	size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+	mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, psize);
+	if (!pinuse(p)) {
+	  size_t prevsize = p->prev_foot;
+	  if ((prevsize & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) != 0) {
+	    prevsize &= ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+	    psize += prevsize + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+	    if (CALL_MUNMAP((char*)p - prevsize, psize) == 0)
+	      fm->footprint -= psize;
+	    goto postaction;
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    mchunkptr prev = chunk_minus_offset(p, prevsize);
+	    psize += prevsize;
+	    p = prev;
+	    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, prev))) { /* consolidate backward */
+	      if (p != fm->dv) {
+		unlink_chunk(fm, p, prevsize);
+	      }
+	      else if ((next->head & INUSE_BITS) == INUSE_BITS) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	    else
+	      goto erroraction;
+	  }
+	}
+
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_next(p, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+	  if (!cinuse(next)) {  /* consolidate forward */
+	    if (next == fm->top) {
+	      size_t tsize = fm->topsize += psize;
+	      fm->top = p;
+	      p->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dv = 0;
+		fm->dvsize = 0;
+	      }
+	      if (should_trim(fm, tsize))
+		sys_trim(fm, 0);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else if (next == fm->dv) {
+	      size_t dsize = fm->dvsize += psize;
+	      fm->dv = p;
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, dsize);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else {
+	      size_t nsize = chunksize(next);
+	      psize += nsize;
+	      unlink_chunk(fm, next, nsize);
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, psize);
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	  }
+	  else
+	    set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+
+	  if (is_small(psize)) {
+	    insert_small_chunk(fm, p, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	    insert_large_chunk(fm, tp, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	    if (--fm->release_checks == 0)
+	      release_unused_segments(fm);
+	  }
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    erroraction:
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+    postaction:
+      POSTACTION(fm);
+    }
+  }
+#if !FOOTERS
+#undef fm
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+}
+
+void* dlcalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size) {
+  void* mem;
+  size_t req = 0;
+  if (n_elements != 0) {
+    req = n_elements * elem_size;
+    if (((n_elements | elem_size) & ~(size_t)0xffff) &&
+	(req / n_elements != elem_size))
+      req = MAX_SIZE_T; /* force downstream failure on overflow */
+  }
+  mem = dlmalloc(req);
+  if (mem != 0 && calloc_must_clear(mem2chunk(mem)))
+    memset(mem, 0, req);
+  return mem;
+}
+
+void* dlrealloc(void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (oldmem == 0)
+    return dlmalloc(bytes);
+#ifdef REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    dlfree(oldmem);
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif /* REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES */
+  else {
+#if ! FOOTERS
+    mstate m = gm;
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate m = get_mstate_for(mem2chunk(oldmem));
+    if (!ok_magic(m)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, oldmem);
+      return 0;
+    }
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    return internal_realloc(m, oldmem, bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+void* dlmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  return internal_memalign(gm, alignment, bytes);
+}
+
+void** dlindependent_calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size,
+				 void* chunks[]) {
+  size_t sz = elem_size; /* serves as 1-element array */
+  return ialloc(gm, n_elements, &sz, 3, chunks);
+}
+
+void** dlindependent_comalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t sizes[],
+				   void* chunks[]) {
+  return ialloc(gm, n_elements, sizes, 0, chunks);
+}
+
+void* dlvalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  size_t pagesz;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  pagesz = mparams.page_size;
+  return dlmemalign(pagesz, bytes);
+}
+
+void* dlpvalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  size_t pagesz;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  pagesz = mparams.page_size;
+  return dlmemalign(pagesz, (bytes + pagesz - SIZE_T_ONE) & ~(pagesz - SIZE_T_ONE));
+}
+
+int dlmalloc_trim(size_t pad) {
+  ensure_initialization();
+  int result = 0;
+  if (!PREACTION(gm)) {
+    result = sys_trim(gm, pad);
+    POSTACTION(gm);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+size_t dlmalloc_footprint(void) {
+  return gm->footprint;
+}
+
+size_t dlmalloc_max_footprint(void) {
+  return gm->max_footprint;
+}
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo dlmallinfo(void) {
+  return internal_mallinfo(gm);
+}
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+void dlmalloc_stats() {
+  internal_malloc_stats(gm);
+}
+
+int dlmallopt(int param_number, int value) {
+  return change_mparam(param_number, value);
+}
+
+#endif /* !ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+size_t dlmalloc_usable_size(void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    if (cinuse(p))
+      return chunksize(p) - overhead_for(p);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------- user mspaces ---------------------------- */
+
+#if MSPACES
+
+static mstate init_user_mstate(char* tbase, size_t tsize) {
+  size_t msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  mchunkptr mn;
+  mchunkptr msp = align_as_chunk(tbase);
+  mstate m = (mstate)(chunk2mem(msp));
+  memset(m, 0, msize);
+  INITIAL_LOCK(&m->mutex);
+  msp->head = (msize|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT);
+  m->seg.base = m->least_addr = tbase;
+  m->seg.size = m->footprint = m->max_footprint = tsize;
+  m->magic = mparams.magic;
+  m->release_checks = MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE;
+  m->mflags = mparams.default_mflags;
+  m->extp = 0;
+  m->exts = 0;
+  disable_contiguous(m);
+  init_bins(m);
+  mn = next_chunk(mem2chunk(m));
+  init_top(m, mn, (size_t)((tbase + tsize) - (char*)mn) - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+  check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+  return m;
+}
+
+mspace create_mspace(size_t capacity, int locked) {
+  mstate m = 0;
+  size_t msize;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  if (capacity < (size_t) -(msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + mparams.page_size)) {
+    size_t rs = ((capacity == 0)? mparams.granularity :
+		 (capacity + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + msize));
+    size_t tsize = granularity_align(rs);
+    char* tbase = (char*)(CALL_MMAP(tsize));
+    if (tbase != CMFAIL) {
+      m = init_user_mstate(tbase, tsize);
+      m->seg.sflags = IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      set_lock(m, locked);
+    }
+  }
+  return (mspace)m;
+}
+
+mspace create_mspace_with_base(void* base, size_t capacity, int locked) {
+  mstate m = 0;
+  size_t msize;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  if (capacity > msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE &&
+      capacity < (size_t) -(msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + mparams.page_size)) {
+    m = init_user_mstate((char*)base, capacity);
+    m->seg.sflags = EXTERN_BIT;
+    set_lock(m, locked);
+  }
+  return (mspace)m;
+}
+
+int mspace_mmap_large_chunks(mspace msp, int enable) {
+  int ret = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+    if (use_mmap(ms))
+      ret = 1;
+    if (enable)
+      enable_mmap(ms);
+    else
+      disable_mmap(ms);
+    POSTACTION(ms);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+size_t destroy_mspace(mspace msp) {
+  size_t freed = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    msegmentptr sp = &ms->seg;
+    while (sp != 0) {
+      char* base = sp->base;
+      size_t size = sp->size;
+      flag_t flag = sp->sflags;
+      sp = sp->next;
+      if ((flag & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) && !(flag & EXTERN_BIT) &&
+	  CALL_MUNMAP(base, size) == 0)
+	freed += size;
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return freed;
+}
+
+/*
+  mspace versions of routines are near-clones of the global
+  versions. This is not so nice but better than the alternatives.
+*/
+
+
+void* mspace_malloc(mspace msp, size_t bytes) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+    void* mem;
+    size_t nb;
+    if (bytes <= MAX_SMALL_REQUEST) {
+      bindex_t idx;
+      binmap_t smallbits;
+      nb = (bytes < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(bytes);
+      idx = small_index(nb);
+      smallbits = ms->smallmap >> idx;
+
+      if ((smallbits & 0x3U) != 0) { /* Remainderless fit to a smallbin. */
+	mchunkptr b, p;
+	idx += ~smallbits & 1;       /* Uses next bin if idx empty */
+	b = smallbin_at(ms, idx);
+	p = b->fd;
+	assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(idx));
+	unlink_first_small_chunk(ms, b, p, idx);
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, small_index2size(idx));
+	mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+
+      else if (nb > ms->dvsize) {
+	if (smallbits != 0) { /* Use chunk in next nonempty smallbin */
+	  mchunkptr b, p, r;
+	  size_t rsize;
+	  bindex_t i;
+	  binmap_t leftbits = (smallbits << idx) & left_bits(idx2bit(idx));
+	  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+	  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+	  b = smallbin_at(ms, i);
+	  p = b->fd;
+	  assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(i));
+	  unlink_first_small_chunk(ms, b, p, i);
+	  rsize = small_index2size(i) - nb;
+	  /* Fit here cannot be remainderless if 4byte sizes */
+	  if (SIZE_T_SIZE != 4 && rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	    set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, small_index2size(i));
+	  else {
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+	    r = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	    replace_dv(ms, r, rsize);
+	  }
+	  mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	  check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+
+	else if (ms->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_small(ms, nb)) != 0) {
+	  check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST)
+      nb = MAX_SIZE_T; /* Too big to allocate. Force failure (in sys alloc) */
+    else {
+      nb = pad_request(bytes);
+      if (ms->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_large(ms, nb)) != 0) {
+	check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb <= ms->dvsize) {
+      size_t rsize = ms->dvsize - nb;
+      mchunkptr p = ms->dv;
+      if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) { /* split dv */
+	mchunkptr r = ms->dv = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	ms->dvsize = rsize;
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+      }
+      else { /* exhaust dv */
+	size_t dvs = ms->dvsize;
+	ms->dvsize = 0;
+	ms->dv = 0;
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, dvs);
+      }
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    else if (nb < ms->topsize) { /* Split top */
+      size_t rsize = ms->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = ms->top;
+      mchunkptr r = ms->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_top_chunk(ms, ms->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    mem = sys_alloc(ms, nb);
+
+  postaction:
+    POSTACTION(ms);
+    return mem;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void mspace_free(mspace msp, void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+#if FOOTERS
+    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate fm = (mstate)msp;
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!PREACTION(fm)) {
+      check_inuse_chunk(fm, p);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, p) && ok_cinuse(p))) {
+	size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+	mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, psize);
+	if (!pinuse(p)) {
+	  size_t prevsize = p->prev_foot;
+	  if ((prevsize & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) != 0) {
+	    prevsize &= ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+	    psize += prevsize + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+	    if (CALL_MUNMAP((char*)p - prevsize, psize) == 0)
+	      fm->footprint -= psize;
+	    goto postaction;
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    mchunkptr prev = chunk_minus_offset(p, prevsize);
+	    psize += prevsize;
+	    p = prev;
+	    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, prev))) { /* consolidate backward */
+	      if (p != fm->dv) {
+		unlink_chunk(fm, p, prevsize);
+	      }
+	      else if ((next->head & INUSE_BITS) == INUSE_BITS) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	    else
+	      goto erroraction;
+	  }
+	}
+
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_next(p, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+	  if (!cinuse(next)) {  /* consolidate forward */
+	    if (next == fm->top) {
+	      size_t tsize = fm->topsize += psize;
+	      fm->top = p;
+	      p->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dv = 0;
+		fm->dvsize = 0;
+	      }
+	      if (should_trim(fm, tsize))
+		sys_trim(fm, 0);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else if (next == fm->dv) {
+	      size_t dsize = fm->dvsize += psize;
+	      fm->dv = p;
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, dsize);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else {
+	      size_t nsize = chunksize(next);
+	      psize += nsize;
+	      unlink_chunk(fm, next, nsize);
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, psize);
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	  }
+	  else
+	    set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+
+	  if (is_small(psize)) {
+	    insert_small_chunk(fm, p, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	    insert_large_chunk(fm, tp, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	    if (--fm->release_checks == 0)
+	      release_unused_segments(fm);
+	  }
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    erroraction:
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+    postaction:
+      POSTACTION(fm);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void* mspace_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size) {
+  void* mem;
+  size_t req = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (n_elements != 0) {
+    req = n_elements * elem_size;
+    if (((n_elements | elem_size) & ~(size_t)0xffff) &&
+	(req / n_elements != elem_size))
+      req = MAX_SIZE_T; /* force downstream failure on overflow */
+  }
+  mem = internal_malloc(ms, req);
+  if (mem != 0 && calloc_must_clear(mem2chunk(mem)))
+    memset(mem, 0, req);
+  return mem;
+}
+
+void* mspace_realloc(mspace msp, void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (oldmem == 0)
+    return mspace_malloc(msp, bytes);
+#ifdef REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    mspace_free(msp, oldmem);
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif /* REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES */
+  else {
+#if FOOTERS
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(oldmem);
+    mstate ms = get_mstate_for(p);
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    return internal_realloc(ms, oldmem, bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+void* mspace_memalign(mspace msp, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return internal_memalign(ms, alignment, bytes);
+}
+
+void** mspace_independent_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				 size_t elem_size, void* chunks[]) {
+  size_t sz = elem_size; /* serves as 1-element array */
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return ialloc(ms, n_elements, &sz, 3, chunks);
+}
+
+void** mspace_independent_comalloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				   size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return ialloc(ms, n_elements, sizes, 0, chunks);
+}
+
+int mspace_trim(mspace msp, size_t pad) {
+  int result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+      result = sys_trim(ms, pad);
+      POSTACTION(ms);
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+void mspace_malloc_stats(mspace msp) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    internal_malloc_stats(ms);
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+}
+
+size_t mspace_footprint(mspace msp) {
+  size_t result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    result = ms->footprint;
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+size_t mspace_max_footprint(mspace msp) {
+  size_t result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    result = ms->max_footprint;
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo mspace_mallinfo(mspace msp) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return internal_mallinfo(ms);
+}
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+size_t mspace_usable_size(void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    if (cinuse(p))
+      return chunksize(p) - overhead_for(p);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int mspace_mallopt(int param_number, int value) {
+  return change_mparam(param_number, value);
+}
+
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+
+/* -------------------- Alternative MORECORE functions ------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Guidelines for creating a custom version of MORECORE:
+
+  * For best performance, MORECORE should allocate in multiples of pagesize.
+  * MORECORE may allocate more memory than requested. (Or even less,
+      but this will usually result in a malloc failure.)
+  * MORECORE must not allocate memory when given argument zero, but
+      instead return one past the end address of memory from previous
+      nonzero call.
+  * For best performance, consecutive calls to MORECORE with positive
+      arguments should return increasing addresses, indicating that
+      space has been contiguously extended.
+  * Even though consecutive calls to MORECORE need not return contiguous
+      addresses, it must be OK for malloc'ed chunks to span multiple
+      regions in those cases where they do happen to be contiguous.
+  * MORECORE need not handle negative arguments -- it may instead
+      just return MFAIL when given negative arguments.
+      Negative arguments are always multiples of pagesize. MORECORE
+      must not misinterpret negative args as large positive unsigned
+      args. You can suppress all such calls from even occurring by defining
+      MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM,
+
+  As an example alternative MORECORE, here is a custom allocator
+  kindly contributed for pre-OSX macOS.  It uses virtually but not
+  necessarily physically contiguous non-paged memory (locked in,
+  present and won't get swapped out).  You can use it by uncommenting
+  this section, adding some #includes, and setting up the appropriate
+  defines above:
+
+      #define MORECORE osMoreCore
+
+  There is also a shutdown routine that should somehow be called for
+  cleanup upon program exit.
+
+  #define MAX_POOL_ENTRIES 100
+  #define MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE  (64 * 1024U)
+  static int next_os_pool;
+  void *our_os_pools[MAX_POOL_ENTRIES];
+
+  void *osMoreCore(int size)
+  {
+    void *ptr = 0;
+    static void *sbrk_top = 0;
+
+    if (size > 0)
+    {
+      if (size < MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE)
+	 size = MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE;
+      if (CurrentExecutionLevel() == kTaskLevel)
+	 ptr = PoolAllocateResident(size + RM_PAGE_SIZE, 0);
+      if (ptr == 0)
+      {
+	return (void *) MFAIL;
+      }
+      // save ptrs so they can be freed during cleanup
+      our_os_pools[next_os_pool] = ptr;
+      next_os_pool++;
+      ptr = (void *) ((((size_t) ptr) + RM_PAGE_MASK) & ~RM_PAGE_MASK);
+      sbrk_top = (char *) ptr + size;
+      return ptr;
+    }
+    else if (size < 0)
+    {
+      // we don't currently support shrink behavior
+      return (void *) MFAIL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      return sbrk_top;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // cleanup any allocated memory pools
+  // called as last thing before shutting down driver
+
+  void osCleanupMem(void)
+  {
+    void **ptr;
+
+    for (ptr = our_os_pools; ptr < &our_os_pools[MAX_POOL_ENTRIES]; ptr++)
+      if (*ptr)
+      {
+	 PoolDeallocate(*ptr);
+	 *ptr = 0;
+      }
+  }
+
+*/
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+History:
+    V2.8.4 (not yet released)
+      * Add mspace_mmap_large_chunks; thanks to Jean Brouwers
+      * Fix insufficient sys_alloc padding when using 16byte alignment
+      * Fix bad error check in mspace_footprint
+      * Adaptations for ptmalloc, courtesy of Wolfram Gloger.
+      * Reentrant spin locks, courtesy of Earl Chew and others
+      * Win32 improvements, courtesy of Niall Douglas and Earl Chew
+      * Add NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL and MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE options
+      * Extension hook in malloc_state
+      * Various small adjustments to reduce warnings on some compilers
+      * Various configuration extensions/changes for more platforms. Thanks
+	 to all who contributed these.
+
+    V2.8.3 Thu Sep 22 11:16:32 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Add max_footprint functions
+      * Ensure all appropriate literals are size_t
+      * Fix conditional compilation problem for some #define settings
+      * Avoid concatenating segments with the one provided
+	in create_mspace_with_base
+      * Rename some variables to avoid compiler shadowing warnings
+      * Use explicit lock initialization.
+      * Better handling of sbrk interference.
+      * Simplify and fix segment insertion, trimming and mspace_destroy
+      * Reinstate REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES option from 2.7.x
+      * Thanks especially to Dennis Flanagan for help on these.
+
+    V2.8.2 Sun Jun 12 16:01:10 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix memalign brace error.
+
+    V2.8.1 Wed Jun  8 16:11:46 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix improper #endif nesting in C++
+      * Add explicit casts needed for C++
+
+    V2.8.0 Mon May 30 14:09:02 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Use trees for large bins
+      * Support mspaces
+      * Use segments to unify sbrk-based and mmap-based system allocation,
+	removing need for emulation on most platforms without sbrk.
+      * Default safety checks
+      * Optional footer checks. Thanks to William Robertson for the idea.
+      * Internal code refactoring
+      * Incorporate suggestions and platform-specific changes.
+	Thanks to Dennis Flanagan, Colin Plumb, Niall Douglas,
+	Aaron Bachmann,  Emery Berger, and others.
+      * Speed up non-fastbin processing enough to remove fastbins.
+      * Remove useless cfree() to avoid conflicts with other apps.
+      * Remove internal memcpy, memset. Compilers handle builtins better.
+      * Remove some options that no one ever used and rename others.
+
+    V2.7.2 Sat Aug 17 09:07:30 2002  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix malloc_state bitmap array misdeclaration
+
+    V2.7.1 Thu Jul 25 10:58:03 2002  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Allow tuning of FIRST_SORTED_BIN_SIZE
+      * Use PTR_UINT as type for all ptr->int casts. Thanks to John Belmonte.
+      * Better detection and support for non-contiguousness of MORECORE.
+	Thanks to Andreas Mueller, Conal Walsh, and Wolfram Gloger
+      * Bypass most of malloc if no frees. Thanks To Emery Berger.
+      * Fix freeing of old top non-contiguous chunk im sysmalloc.
+      * Raised default trim and map thresholds to 256K.
+      * Fix mmap-related #defines. Thanks to Lubos Lunak.
+      * Fix copy macros; added LACKS_FCNTL_H. Thanks to Neal Walfield.
+      * Branch-free bin calculation
+      * Default trim and mmap thresholds now 256K.
+
+    V2.7.0 Sun Mar 11 14:14:06 2001  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Introduce independent_comalloc and independent_calloc.
+	Thanks to Michael Pachos for motivation and help.
+      * Make optional .h file available
+      * Allow > 2GB requests on 32bit systems.
+      * new WIN32 sbrk, mmap, munmap, lock code from <Walter@GeNeSys-e.de>.
+	Thanks also to Andreas Mueller <a.mueller at paradatec.de>,
+	and Anonymous.
+      * Allow override of MALLOC_ALIGNMENT (Thanks to Ruud Waij for
+	helping test this.)
+      * memalign: check alignment arg
+      * realloc: don't try to shift chunks backwards, since this
+	leads to  more fragmentation in some programs and doesn't
+	seem to help in any others.
+      * Collect all cases in malloc requiring system memory into sysmalloc
+      * Use mmap as backup to sbrk
+      * Place all internal state in malloc_state
+      * Introduce fastbins (although similar to 2.5.1)
+      * Many minor tunings and cosmetic improvements
+      * Introduce USE_PUBLIC_MALLOC_WRAPPERS, USE_MALLOC_LOCK
+      * Introduce MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION, MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+	Thanks to Tony E. Bennett <tbennett@nvidia.com> and others.
+      * Include errno.h to support default failure action.
+
+    V2.6.6 Sun Dec  5 07:42:19 1999  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * return null for negative arguments
+      * Added Several WIN32 cleanups from Martin C. Fong <mcfong at yahoo.com>
+	 * Add 'LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H' for those systems without 'sys/param.h'
+	  (e.g. WIN32 platforms)
+	 * Cleanup header file inclusion for WIN32 platforms
+	 * Cleanup code to avoid Microsoft Visual C++ compiler complaints
+	 * Add 'USE_DL_PREFIX' to quickly allow co-existence with existing
+	   memory allocation routines
+	 * Set 'malloc_getpagesize' for WIN32 platforms (needs more work)
+	 * Use 'assert' rather than 'ASSERT' in WIN32 code to conform to
+	   usage of 'assert' in non-WIN32 code
+	 * Improve WIN32 'sbrk()' emulation's 'findRegion()' routine to
+	   avoid infinite loop
+      * Always call 'fREe()' rather than 'free()'
+
+    V2.6.5 Wed Jun 17 15:57:31 1998  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fixed ordering problem with boundary-stamping
+
+    V2.6.3 Sun May 19 08:17:58 1996  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Added pvalloc, as recommended by H.J. Liu
+      * Added 64bit pointer support mainly from Wolfram Gloger
+      * Added anonymously donated WIN32 sbrk emulation
+      * Malloc, calloc, getpagesize: add optimizations from Raymond Nijssen
+      * malloc_extend_top: fix mask error that caused wastage after
+	foreign sbrks
+      * Add linux mremap support code from HJ Liu
+
+    V2.6.2 Tue Dec  5 06:52:55 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Integrated most documentation with the code.
+      * Add support for mmap, with help from
+	Wolfram Gloger (Gloger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de).
+      * Use last_remainder in more cases.
+      * Pack bins using idea from  colin@nyx10.cs.du.edu
+      * Use ordered bins instead of best-fit threshhold
+      * Eliminate block-local decls to simplify tracing and debugging.
+      * Support another case of realloc via move into top
+      * Fix error occuring when initial sbrk_base not word-aligned.
+      * Rely on page size for units instead of SBRK_UNIT to
+	avoid surprises about sbrk alignment conventions.
+      * Add mallinfo, mallopt. Thanks to Raymond Nijssen
+	(raymond@es.ele.tue.nl) for the suggestion.
+      * Add `pad' argument to malloc_trim and top_pad mallopt parameter.
+      * More precautions for cases where other routines call sbrk,
+	courtesy of Wolfram Gloger (Gloger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de).
+      * Added macros etc., allowing use in linux libc from
+	H.J. Lu (hjl@gnu.ai.mit.edu)
+      * Inverted this history list
+
+    V2.6.1 Sat Dec  2 14:10:57 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Re-tuned and fixed to behave more nicely with V2.6.0 changes.
+      * Removed all preallocation code since under current scheme
+	the work required to undo bad preallocations exceeds
+	the work saved in good cases for most test programs.
+      * No longer use return list or unconsolidated bins since
+	no scheme using them consistently outperforms those that don't
+	given above changes.
+      * Use best fit for very large chunks to prevent some worst-cases.
+      * Added some support for debugging
+
+    V2.6.0 Sat Nov  4 07:05:23 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Removed footers when chunks are in use. Thanks to
+	Paul Wilson (wilson@cs.texas.edu) for the suggestion.
+
+    V2.5.4 Wed Nov  1 07:54:51 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Added malloc_trim, with help from Wolfram Gloger
+	(wmglo@Dent.MED.Uni-Muenchen.DE).
+
+    V2.5.3 Tue Apr 26 10:16:01 1994  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+
+    V2.5.2 Tue Apr  5 16:20:40 1994  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+      * realloc: try to expand in both directions
+      * malloc: swap order of clean-bin strategy;
+      * realloc: only conditionally expand backwards
+      * Try not to scavenge used bins
+      * Use bin counts as a guide to preallocation
+      * Occasionally bin return list chunks in first scan
+      * Add a few optimizations from colin@nyx10.cs.du.edu
+
+    V2.5.1 Sat Aug 14 15:40:43 1993  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+      * faster bin computation & slightly different binning
+      * merged all consolidations to one part of malloc proper
+	 (eliminating old malloc_find_space & malloc_clean_bin)
+      * Scan 2 returns chunks (not just 1)
+      * Propagate failure in realloc if malloc returns 0
+      * Add stuff to allow compilation on non-ANSI compilers
+	  from kpv@research.att.com
+
+    V2.5 Sat Aug  7 07:41:59 1993  Doug Lea  (dl at g.oswego.edu)
+      * removed potential for odd address access in prev_chunk
+      * removed dependency on getpagesize.h
+      * misc cosmetics and a bit more internal documentation
+      * anticosmetics: mangled names in macros to evade debugger strangeness
+      * tested on sparc, hp-700, dec-mips, rs6000
+	  with gcc & native cc (hp, dec only) allowing
+	  Detlefs & Zorn comparison study (in SIGPLAN Notices.)
+
+    Trial version Fri Aug 28 13:14:29 1992  Doug Lea  (dl at g.oswego.edu)
+      * Based loosely on libg++-1.2X malloc. (It retains some of the overall
+	 structure of old version,  but most details differ.)
+
+*/
+
+
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9a17a8057
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,966 @@
+/* Alternative malloc implementation for multiple threads without
+lock contention based on dlmalloc. (C) 2005-2006 Niall Douglas
+
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+/* Enable full aliasing on MSVC */
+/*#pragma optimize("a", on)*/
+#endif
+
+/*#define FULLSANITYCHECKS*/
+
+#include "nedmalloc.h"
+#if defined(WIN32)
+ #include <malloc.h>
+#endif
+#define MSPACES 1
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 1
+#ifndef USE_LOCKS
+ #define USE_LOCKS 1
+#endif
+#define FOOTERS 1           /* Need to enable footers so frees lock the right mspace */
+#undef DEBUG				/* dlmalloc wants DEBUG either 0 or 1 */
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+ #define DEBUG 1
+#else
+ #define DEBUG 0
+#endif
+#ifdef NDEBUG               /* Disable assert checking on release builds */
+ #undef DEBUG
+#endif
+/* The default of 64Kb means we spend too much time kernel-side */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_GRANULARITY
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY (1*1024*1024)
+#endif
+/*#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 0*/
+
+
+/*#define FORCEINLINE*/
+#include "malloc.c.h"
+#ifdef NDEBUG               /* Disable assert checking on release builds */
+ #undef DEBUG
+#endif
+
+/* The maximum concurrent threads in a pool possible */
+#ifndef MAXTHREADSINPOOL
+#define MAXTHREADSINPOOL 16
+#endif
+/* The maximum number of threadcaches which can be allocated */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAXCACHES
+#define THREADCACHEMAXCACHES 256
+#endif
+/* The maximum size to be allocated from the thread cache */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAX
+#define THREADCACHEMAX 8192
+#endif
+#if 0
+/* The number of cache entries for finer grained bins. This is (topbitpos(THREADCACHEMAX)-4)*2 */
+#define THREADCACHEMAXBINS ((13-4)*2)
+#else
+/* The number of cache entries. This is (topbitpos(THREADCACHEMAX)-4) */
+#define THREADCACHEMAXBINS (13-4)
+#endif
+/* Point at which the free space in a thread cache is garbage collected */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE
+#define THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE (512*1024)
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+ #define TLSVAR			DWORD
+ #define TLSALLOC(k)	(*(k)=TlsAlloc(), TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES==*(k))
+ #define TLSFREE(k)		(!TlsFree(k))
+ #define TLSGET(k)		TlsGetValue(k)
+ #define TLSSET(k, a)	(!TlsSetValue(k, a))
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+static LPVOID ChkedTlsGetValue(DWORD idx)
+{
+	LPVOID ret=TlsGetValue(idx);
+	assert(S_OK==GetLastError());
+	return ret;
+}
+  #undef TLSGET
+  #define TLSGET(k) ChkedTlsGetValue(k)
+ #endif
+#else
+ #define TLSVAR			pthread_key_t
+ #define TLSALLOC(k)	pthread_key_create(k, 0)
+ #define TLSFREE(k)		pthread_key_delete(k)
+ #define TLSGET(k)		pthread_getspecific(k)
+ #define TLSSET(k, a)	pthread_setspecific(k, a)
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+/* Only enable if testing with valgrind. Causes misoperation */
+#define mspace_malloc(p, s) malloc(s)
+#define mspace_realloc(p, m, s) realloc(m, s)
+#define mspace_calloc(p, n, s) calloc(n, s)
+#define mspace_free(p, m) free(m)
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#if !defined(NO_NED_NAMESPACE)
+namespace nedalloc {
+#else
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#endif
+
+size_t nedblksize(void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{
+#if 0
+	/* Only enable if testing with valgrind. Causes misoperation */
+	return THREADCACHEMAX;
+#else
+	if(mem)
+	{
+		mchunkptr p=mem2chunk(mem);
+		assert(cinuse(p));	/* If this fails, someone tried to free a block twice */
+		if(cinuse(p))
+			return chunksize(p)-overhead_for(p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+void nedsetvalue(void *v) THROWSPEC					{ nedpsetvalue(0, v); }
+void * nedmalloc(size_t size) THROWSPEC				{ return nedpmalloc(0, size); }
+void * nedcalloc(size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpcalloc(0, no, size); }
+void * nedrealloc(void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC	{ return nedprealloc(0, mem, size); }
+void   nedfree(void *mem) THROWSPEC					{ nedpfree(0, mem); }
+void * nedmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC { return nedpmemalign(0, alignment, bytes); }
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo nedmallinfo(void) THROWSPEC			{ return nedpmallinfo(0); }
+#endif
+int    nedmallopt(int parno, int value) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpmallopt(0, parno, value); }
+int    nedmalloc_trim(size_t pad) THROWSPEC			{ return nedpmalloc_trim(0, pad); }
+void   nedmalloc_stats() THROWSPEC					{ nedpmalloc_stats(0); }
+size_t nedmalloc_footprint() THROWSPEC				{ return nedpmalloc_footprint(0); }
+void **nedindependent_calloc(size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpindependent_calloc(0, elemsno, elemsize, chunks); }
+void **nedindependent_comalloc(size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpindependent_comalloc(0, elems, sizes, chunks); }
+
+struct threadcacheblk_t;
+typedef struct threadcacheblk_t threadcacheblk;
+struct threadcacheblk_t
+{	/* Keep less than 16 bytes on 32 bit systems and 32 bytes on 64 bit systems */
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic;
+#endif
+	unsigned int lastUsed, size;
+	threadcacheblk *next, *prev;
+};
+typedef struct threadcache_t
+{
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic1;
+#endif
+	int mymspace;						/* Last mspace entry this thread used */
+	long threadid;
+	unsigned int mallocs, frees, successes;
+	size_t freeInCache;					/* How much free space is stored in this cache */
+	threadcacheblk *bins[(THREADCACHEMAXBINS+1)*2];
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic2;
+#endif
+} threadcache;
+struct nedpool_t
+{
+	MLOCK_T mutex;
+	void *uservalue;
+	int threads;						/* Max entries in m to use */
+	threadcache *caches[THREADCACHEMAXCACHES];
+	TLSVAR mycache;						/* Thread cache for this thread. 0 for unset, negative for use mspace-1 directly, otherwise is cache-1 */
+	mstate m[MAXTHREADSINPOOL+1];		/* mspace entries for this pool */
+};
+static nedpool syspool;
+
+static FORCEINLINE unsigned int size2binidx(size_t _size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* 8=1000	16=10000	20=10100	24=11000	32=100000	48=110000	4096=1000000000000 */
+	unsigned int topbit, size=(unsigned int)(_size>>4);
+	/* 16=1		20=1	24=1	32=10	48=11	64=100	96=110	128=1000	4096=100000000 */
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+	topbit = sizeof(size)*__CHAR_BIT__ - 1 - __builtin_clz(size);
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+	{
+	    unsigned long bsrTopBit;
+
+	    _BitScanReverse(&bsrTopBit, size);
+
+	    topbit = bsrTopBit;
+	}
+#else
+#if 0
+	union {
+		unsigned asInt[2];
+		double asDouble;
+	};
+	int n;
+
+	asDouble = (double)size + 0.5;
+	topbit = (asInt[!FOX_BIGENDIAN] >> 20) - 1023;
+#else
+	{
+		unsigned int x=size;
+		x = x | (x >> 1);
+		x = x | (x >> 2);
+		x = x | (x >> 4);
+		x = x | (x >> 8);
+		x = x | (x >>16);
+		x = ~x;
+		x = x - ((x >> 1) & 0x55555555);
+		x = (x & 0x33333333) + ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333);
+		x = (x + (x >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
+		x = x + (x << 8);
+		x = x + (x << 16);
+		topbit=31 - (x >> 24);
+	}
+#endif
+#endif
+	return topbit;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+static void tcsanitycheck(threadcacheblk **ptr) THROWSPEC
+{
+	assert((ptr[0] && ptr[1]) || (!ptr[0] && !ptr[1]));
+	if(ptr[0] && ptr[1])
+	{
+		assert(nedblksize(ptr[0])>=sizeof(threadcacheblk));
+		assert(nedblksize(ptr[1])>=sizeof(threadcacheblk));
+		assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==ptr[0]->magic);
+		assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==ptr[1]->magic);
+		assert(!ptr[0]->prev);
+		assert(!ptr[1]->next);
+		if(ptr[0]==ptr[1])
+		{
+			assert(!ptr[0]->next);
+			assert(!ptr[1]->prev);
+		}
+	}
+}
+static void tcfullsanitycheck(threadcache *tc) THROWSPEC
+{
+	threadcacheblk **tcbptr=tc->bins;
+	int n;
+	for(n=0; n<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS; n++, tcbptr+=2)
+	{
+		threadcacheblk *b, *ob=0;
+		tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);
+		for(b=tcbptr[0]; b; ob=b, b=b->next)
+		{
+			assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==b->magic);
+			assert(!ob || ob->next==b);
+			assert(!ob || b->prev==ob);
+		}
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+static NOINLINE void RemoveCacheEntries(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, unsigned int age) THROWSPEC
+{
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	if(tc->freeInCache)
+	{
+		threadcacheblk **tcbptr=tc->bins;
+		int n;
+		for(n=0; n<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS; n++, tcbptr+=2)
+		{
+			threadcacheblk **tcb=tcbptr+1;		/* come from oldest end of list */
+			/*tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);*/
+			for(; *tcb && tc->frees-(*tcb)->lastUsed>=age; )
+			{
+				threadcacheblk *f=*tcb;
+				size_t blksize=f->size; /*nedblksize(f);*/
+				assert(blksize<=nedblksize(f));
+				assert(blksize);
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+				assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==(*tcb)->magic);
+#endif
+				*tcb=(*tcb)->prev;
+				if(*tcb)
+					(*tcb)->next=0;
+				else
+					*tcbptr=0;
+				tc->freeInCache-=blksize;
+				assert((long) tc->freeInCache>=0);
+				mspace_free(0, f);
+				/*tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);*/
+			}
+		}
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+}
+static void DestroyCaches(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	if(p->caches)
+	{
+		threadcache *tc;
+		int n;
+		for(n=0; n<THREADCACHEMAXCACHES; n++)
+		{
+			if((tc=p->caches[n]))
+			{
+				tc->frees++;
+				RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, 0);
+				assert(!tc->freeInCache);
+				tc->mymspace=-1;
+				tc->threadid=0;
+				mspace_free(0, tc);
+				p->caches[n]=0;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static NOINLINE threadcache *AllocCache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	threadcache *tc=0;
+	int n, end;
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	for(n=0; n<THREADCACHEMAXCACHES && p->caches[n]; n++);
+	if(THREADCACHEMAXCACHES==n)
+	{	/* List exhausted, so disable for this thread */
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	tc=p->caches[n]=(threadcache *) mspace_calloc(p->m[0], 1, sizeof(threadcache));
+	if(!tc)
+	{
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tc->magic1=*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC1";
+	tc->magic2=*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC2";
+#endif
+	tc->threadid=(long)(size_t)CURRENT_THREAD;
+	for(end=0; p->m[end]; end++);
+	tc->mymspace=tc->threadid % end;
+	RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(n+1))) abort();
+	return tc;
+}
+
+static void *threadcache_malloc(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, size_t *size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	unsigned int bestsize;
+	unsigned int idx=size2binidx(*size);
+	size_t blksize=0;
+	threadcacheblk *blk, **binsptr;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	/* Calculate best fit bin size */
+	bestsize=1<<(idx+4);
+#if 0
+	/* Finer grained bin fit */
+	idx<<=1;
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize+=bestsize>>1;
+	}
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize=1<<(4+(idx>>1));
+	}
+#else
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize<<=1;
+	}
+#endif
+	assert(bestsize>=*size);
+	if(*size<bestsize) *size=bestsize;
+	assert(*size<=THREADCACHEMAX);
+	assert(idx<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS);
+	binsptr=&tc->bins[idx*2];
+	/* Try to match close, but move up a bin if necessary */
+	blk=*binsptr;
+	if(!blk || blk->size<*size)
+	{	/* Bump it up a bin */
+		if(idx<THREADCACHEMAXBINS)
+		{
+			idx++;
+			binsptr+=2;
+			blk=*binsptr;
+		}
+	}
+	if(blk)
+	{
+		blksize=blk->size; /*nedblksize(blk);*/
+		assert(nedblksize(blk)>=blksize);
+		assert(blksize>=*size);
+		if(blk->next)
+			blk->next->prev=0;
+		*binsptr=blk->next;
+		if(!*binsptr)
+			binsptr[1]=0;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+		blk->magic=0;
+#endif
+		assert(binsptr[0]!=blk && binsptr[1]!=blk);
+		assert(nedblksize(blk)>=sizeof(threadcacheblk) && nedblksize(blk)<=THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+		/*printf("malloc: %p, %p, %p, %lu\n", p, tc, blk, (long) size);*/
+		ret=(void *) blk;
+	}
+	++tc->mallocs;
+	if(ret)
+	{
+		assert(blksize>=*size);
+		++tc->successes;
+		tc->freeInCache-=blksize;
+		assert((long) tc->freeInCache>=0);
+	}
+#if defined(DEBUG) && 0
+	if(!(tc->mallocs & 0xfff))
+	{
+		printf("*** threadcache=%u, mallocs=%u (%f), free=%u (%f), freeInCache=%u\n", (unsigned int) tc->threadid, tc->mallocs,
+			(float) tc->successes/tc->mallocs, tc->frees, (float) tc->successes/tc->frees, (unsigned int) tc->freeInCache);
+	}
+#endif
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+static NOINLINE void ReleaseFreeInCache(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace) THROWSPEC
+{
+	unsigned int age=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE/8192;
+	/*ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex);*/
+	while(age && tc->freeInCache>=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE)
+	{
+		RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, age);
+		/*printf("*** Removing cache entries older than %u (%u)\n", age, (unsigned int) tc->freeInCache);*/
+		age>>=1;
+	}
+	/*RELEASE_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex);*/
+}
+static void threadcache_free(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	unsigned int bestsize;
+	unsigned int idx=size2binidx(size);
+	threadcacheblk **binsptr, *tck=(threadcacheblk *) mem;
+	assert(size>=sizeof(threadcacheblk) && size<=THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+#ifdef DEBUG
+	{	/* Make sure this is a valid memory block */
+	    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+	    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+	    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+	      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+	      return;
+	    }
+	}
+#endif
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	/* Calculate best fit bin size */
+	bestsize=1<<(idx+4);
+#if 0
+	/* Finer grained bin fit */
+	idx<<=1;
+	if(size>bestsize)
+	{
+		unsigned int biggerbestsize=bestsize+bestsize<<1;
+		if(size>=biggerbestsize)
+		{
+			idx++;
+			bestsize=biggerbestsize;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if(bestsize!=size)	/* dlmalloc can round up, so we round down to preserve indexing */
+		size=bestsize;
+	binsptr=&tc->bins[idx*2];
+	assert(idx<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS);
+	if(tck==*binsptr)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, "Attempt to free already freed memory block %p - aborting!\n", tck);
+		abort();
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tck->magic=*(unsigned int *) "NEDN";
+#endif
+	tck->lastUsed=++tc->frees;
+	tck->size=(unsigned int) size;
+	tck->next=*binsptr;
+	tck->prev=0;
+	if(tck->next)
+		tck->next->prev=tck;
+	else
+		binsptr[1]=tck;
+	assert(!*binsptr || (*binsptr)->size==tck->size);
+	*binsptr=tck;
+	assert(tck==tc->bins[idx*2]);
+	assert(tc->bins[idx*2+1]==tck || binsptr[0]->next->prev==tck);
+	/*printf("free: %p, %p, %p, %lu\n", p, tc, mem, (long) size);*/
+	tc->freeInCache+=size;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+#if 1
+	if(tc->freeInCache>=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE)
+		ReleaseFreeInCache(p, tc, mymspace);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+
+static NOINLINE int InitPool(nedpool *p, size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC
+{	/* threads is -1 for system pool */
+	ensure_initialization();
+	ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	if(p->threads) goto done;
+	if(INITIAL_LOCK(&p->mutex)) goto err;
+	if(TLSALLOC(&p->mycache)) goto err;
+	if(!(p->m[0]=(mstate) create_mspace(capacity, 1))) goto err;
+	p->m[0]->extp=p;
+	p->threads=(threads<1 || threads>MAXTHREADSINPOOL) ? MAXTHREADSINPOOL : threads;
+done:
+	RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	return 1;
+err:
+	if(threads<0)
+		abort();			/* If you can't allocate for system pool, we're screwed */
+	DestroyCaches(p);
+	if(p->m[0])
+	{
+		destroy_mspace(p->m[0]);
+		p->m[0]=0;
+	}
+	if(p->mycache)
+	{
+		if(TLSFREE(p->mycache)) abort();
+		p->mycache=0;
+	}
+	RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	return 0;
+}
+static NOINLINE mstate FindMSpace(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int *lastUsed, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Gets called when thread's last used mspace is in use. The strategy
+	is to run through the list of all available mspaces looking for an
+	unlocked one and if we fail, we create a new one so long as we don't
+	exceed p->threads */
+	int n, end;
+	for(n=end=*lastUsed+1; p->m[n]; end=++n)
+	{
+		if(TRY_LOCK(&p->m[n]->mutex)) goto found;
+	}
+	for(n=0; n<*lastUsed && p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		if(TRY_LOCK(&p->m[n]->mutex)) goto found;
+	}
+	if(end<p->threads)
+	{
+		mstate temp;
+		if(!(temp=(mstate) create_mspace(size, 1)))
+			goto badexit;
+		/* Now we're ready to modify the lists, we lock */
+		ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		while(p->m[end] && end<p->threads)
+			end++;
+		if(end>=p->threads)
+		{	/* Drat, must destroy it now */
+			RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+			destroy_mspace((mspace) temp);
+			goto badexit;
+		}
+		/* We really want to make sure this goes into memory now but we
+		have to be careful of breaking aliasing rules, so write it twice */
+		*((volatile struct malloc_state **) &p->m[end])=p->m[end]=temp;
+		ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[end]->mutex);
+		/*printf("Created mspace idx %d\n", end);*/
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		n=end;
+		goto found;
+	}
+	/* Let it lock on the last one it used */
+badexit:
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[*lastUsed]->mutex);
+	return p->m[*lastUsed];
+found:
+	*lastUsed=n;
+	if(tc)
+		tc->mymspace=n;
+	else
+	{
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(-(n+1)))) abort();
+	}
+	return p->m[n];
+}
+
+nedpool *nedcreatepool(size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC
+{
+	nedpool *ret;
+	if(!(ret=(nedpool *) nedpcalloc(0, 1, sizeof(nedpool)))) return 0;
+	if(!InitPool(ret, capacity, threads))
+	{
+		nedpfree(0, ret);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void neddestroypool(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	DestroyCaches(p);
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		destroy_mspace(p->m[n]);
+		p->m[n]=0;
+	}
+	RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	if(TLSFREE(p->mycache)) abort();
+	nedpfree(0, p);
+}
+
+void nedpsetvalue(nedpool *p, void *v) THROWSPEC
+{
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	p->uservalue=v;
+}
+void *nedgetvalue(nedpool **p, void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{
+	nedpool *np=0;
+	mchunkptr mcp=mem2chunk(mem);
+	mstate fm;
+	if(!(is_aligned(chunk2mem(mcp))) && mcp->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) return 0;
+	if(!cinuse(mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!next_pinuse(mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!is_mmapped(mcp) && !pinuse(mcp))
+	{
+		if(next_chunk(prev_chunk(mcp))!=mcp) return 0;
+	}
+	fm=get_mstate_for(mcp);
+	if(!ok_magic(fm)) return 0;
+	if(!ok_address(fm, mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!fm->extp) return 0;
+	np=(nedpool *) fm->extp;
+	if(p) *p=np;
+	return np->uservalue;
+}
+
+void neddisablethreadcache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int mycache;
+	if(!p)
+	{
+		p=&syspool;
+		if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1);
+	}
+	mycache=(int)(size_t) TLSGET(p->mycache);
+	if(!mycache)
+	{	/* Set to mspace 0 */
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)-1)) abort();
+	}
+	else if(mycache>0)
+	{	/* Set to last used mspace */
+		threadcache *tc=p->caches[mycache-1];
+#if defined(DEBUG)
+		printf("Threadcache utilisation: %lf%% in cache with %lf%% lost to other threads\n",
+			100.0*tc->successes/tc->mallocs, 100.0*((double) tc->mallocs-tc->frees)/tc->mallocs);
+#endif
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(-tc->mymspace))) abort();
+		tc->frees++;
+		RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, 0);
+		assert(!tc->freeInCache);
+		tc->mymspace=-1;
+		tc->threadid=0;
+		mspace_free(0, p->caches[mycache-1]);
+		p->caches[mycache-1]=0;
+	}
+}
+
+#define GETMSPACE(m,p,tc,ms,s,action)           \
+  do                                            \
+  {                                             \
+    mstate m = GetMSpace((p),(tc),(ms),(s));    \
+    action;                                     \
+    RELEASE_LOCK(&m->mutex);                    \
+  } while (0)
+
+static FORCEINLINE mstate GetMSpace(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Returns a locked and ready for use mspace */
+	mstate m=p->m[mymspace];
+	assert(m);
+	if(!TRY_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex)) m=FindMSpace(p, tc, &mymspace, size);\
+	/*assert(IS_LOCKED(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex));*/
+	return m;
+}
+static FORCEINLINE void GetThreadCache(nedpool **p, threadcache **tc, int *mymspace, size_t *size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int mycache;
+	if(size && *size<sizeof(threadcacheblk)) *size=sizeof(threadcacheblk);
+	if(!*p)
+	{
+		*p=&syspool;
+		if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1);
+	}
+	mycache=(int)(size_t) TLSGET((*p)->mycache);
+	if(mycache>0)
+	{
+		*tc=(*p)->caches[mycache-1];
+		*mymspace=(*tc)->mymspace;
+	}
+	else if(!mycache)
+	{
+		*tc=AllocCache(*p);
+		if(!*tc)
+		{	/* Disable */
+			if(TLSSET((*p)->mycache, (void *)-1)) abort();
+			*mymspace=0;
+		}
+		else
+			*mymspace=(*tc)->mymspace;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*tc=0;
+		*mymspace=-mycache-1;
+	}
+	assert(*mymspace>=0);
+	assert((long)(size_t)CURRENT_THREAD==(*tc)->threadid);
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	if(*tc)
+	{
+		if(*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC1"!=(*tc)->magic1 || *(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC2"!=(*tc)->magic2)
+		{
+			abort();
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+void * nedpmalloc(nedpool *p, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &size);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && size<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &size);
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, size,
+		  ret=mspace_malloc(m, size));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void * nedpcalloc(nedpool *p, size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	size_t rsize=size*no;
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &rsize);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && rsize<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		if((ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &rsize)))
+			memset(ret, 0, rsize);
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, rsize,
+		  ret=mspace_calloc(m, 1, rsize));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void * nedprealloc(nedpool *p, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	if(!mem) return nedpmalloc(p, size);
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &size);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && size && size<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		size_t memsize=nedblksize(mem);
+		assert(memsize);
+		if((ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &size)))
+		{
+			memcpy(ret, mem, memsize<size ? memsize : size);
+			if(memsize<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+				threadcache_free(p, tc, mymspace, mem, memsize);
+			else
+				mspace_free(0, mem);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Reallocs always happen in the mspace they happened in, so skip
+		locking the preferred mspace for this thread */
+		ret=mspace_realloc(0, mem, size);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void   nedpfree(nedpool *p, void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Frees always happen in the mspace they happened in, so skip
+	locking the preferred mspace for this thread */
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	size_t memsize;
+	assert(mem);
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, 0);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	memsize=nedblksize(mem);
+	assert(memsize);
+	if(mem && tc && memsize<=(THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD))
+		threadcache_free(p, tc, mymspace, mem, memsize);
+	else
+#endif
+		mspace_free(0, mem);
+}
+void * nedpmemalign(nedpool *p, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &bytes);
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, bytes,
+		  ret=mspace_memalign(m, alignment, bytes));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo nedpmallinfo(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	struct mallinfo ret={0};
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		struct mallinfo t=mspace_mallinfo(p->m[n]);
+		ret.arena+=t.arena;
+		ret.ordblks+=t.ordblks;
+		ret.hblkhd+=t.hblkhd;
+		ret.usmblks+=t.usmblks;
+		ret.uordblks+=t.uordblks;
+		ret.fordblks+=t.fordblks;
+		ret.keepcost+=t.keepcost;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+#endif
+int    nedpmallopt(nedpool *p, int parno, int value) THROWSPEC
+{
+	return mspace_mallopt(parno, value);
+}
+int    nedpmalloc_trim(nedpool *p, size_t pad) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n, ret=0;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		ret+=mspace_trim(p->m[n], pad);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void   nedpmalloc_stats(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		mspace_malloc_stats(p->m[n]);
+	}
+}
+size_t nedpmalloc_footprint(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	size_t ret=0;
+	int n;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		ret+=mspace_footprint(p->m[n]);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void **nedpindependent_calloc(nedpool *p, size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void **ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &elemsize);
+    GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, elemsno*elemsize,
+	      ret=mspace_independent_calloc(m, elemsno, elemsize, chunks));
+	return ret;
+}
+void **nedpindependent_comalloc(nedpool *p, size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void **ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+    size_t i, *adjustedsizes=(size_t *) alloca(elems*sizeof(size_t));
+    if(!adjustedsizes) return 0;
+    for(i=0; i<elems; i++)
+	adjustedsizes[i]=sizes[i]<sizeof(threadcacheblk) ? sizeof(threadcacheblk) : sizes[i];
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, 0);
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, 0,
+	      ret=mspace_independent_comalloc(m, elems, adjustedsizes, chunks));
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef OVERRIDE_STRDUP
+/*
+ * This implementation is purely there to override the libc version, to
+ * avoid a crash due to allocation and free on different 'heaps'.
+ */
+char *strdup(const char *s1)
+{
+	char *s2 = 0;
+	if (s1) {
+		s2 = malloc(strlen(s1) + 1);
+		strcpy(s2, s1);
+	}
+	return s2;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f960e66063
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/* nedalloc, an alternative malloc implementation for multiple threads without
+lock contention based on dlmalloc v2.8.3. (C) 2005 Niall Douglas
+
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef NEDMALLOC_H
+#define NEDMALLOC_H
+
+
+/* See malloc.c.h for what each function does.
+
+REPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR causes nedalloc's functions to be called malloc,
+free etc. instead of nedmalloc, nedfree etc. You may or may not want this.
+
+NO_NED_NAMESPACE prevents the functions from being defined in the nedalloc
+namespace when in C++ (uses the global namespace instead).
+
+EXTSPEC can be defined to be __declspec(dllexport) or
+__attribute__ ((visibility("default"))) or whatever you like. It defaults
+to extern.
+
+USE_LOCKS can be 2 if you want to define your own MLOCK_T, INITIAL_LOCK,
+ACQUIRE_LOCK, RELEASE_LOCK, TRY_LOCK, IS_LOCKED and NULL_LOCK_INITIALIZER.
+
+*/
+
+#include <stddef.h>   /* for size_t */
+
+#ifndef EXTSPEC
+ #define EXTSPEC extern
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
+ #define MALLOCATTR __declspec(restrict)
+#endif
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+ #define MALLOCATTR __attribute__ ((malloc))
+#endif
+#ifndef MALLOCATTR
+ #define MALLOCATTR
+#endif
+
+#ifdef REPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR
+ #define nedmalloc               malloc
+ #define nedcalloc               calloc
+ #define nedrealloc              realloc
+ #define nedfree                 free
+ #define nedmemalign             memalign
+ #define nedmallinfo             mallinfo
+ #define nedmallopt              mallopt
+ #define nedmalloc_trim          malloc_trim
+ #define nedmalloc_stats         malloc_stats
+ #define nedmalloc_footprint     malloc_footprint
+ #define nedindependent_calloc   independent_calloc
+ #define nedindependent_comalloc independent_comalloc
+ #ifdef _MSC_VER
+  #define nedblksize              _msize
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_MALLINFO
+#define NO_MALLINFO 0
+#endif
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #if !defined(NO_NED_NAMESPACE)
+namespace nedalloc {
+ #else
+extern "C" {
+ #endif
+ #define THROWSPEC throw()
+#else
+ #define THROWSPEC
+#endif
+
+/* These are the global functions */
+
+/* Gets the usable size of an allocated block. Note this will always be bigger than what was
+asked for due to rounding etc.
+*/
+EXTSPEC size_t nedblksize(void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC void nedsetvalue(void *v) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedmalloc(size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedcalloc(size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedrealloc(void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedfree(void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC;
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+EXTSPEC struct mallinfo nedmallinfo(void) THROWSPEC;
+#endif
+EXTSPEC int    nedmallopt(int parno, int value) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC int    nedmalloc_trim(size_t pad) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedmalloc_stats(void) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC size_t nedmalloc_footprint(void) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedindependent_calloc(size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedindependent_comalloc(size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* These are the pool functions */
+struct nedpool_t;
+typedef struct nedpool_t nedpool;
+
+/* Creates a memory pool for use with the nedp* functions below.
+Capacity is how much to allocate immediately (if you know you'll be allocating a lot
+of memory very soon) which you can leave at zero. Threads specifies how many threads
+will *normally* be accessing the pool concurrently. Setting this to zero means it
+extends on demand, but be careful of this as it can rapidly consume system resources
+where bursts of concurrent threads use a pool at once.
+*/
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR nedpool *nedcreatepool(size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Destroys a memory pool previously created by nedcreatepool().
+*/
+EXTSPEC void neddestroypool(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Sets a value to be associated with a pool. You can retrieve this value by passing
+any memory block allocated from that pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void nedpsetvalue(nedpool *p, void *v) THROWSPEC;
+/* Gets a previously set value using nedpsetvalue() or zero if memory is unknown.
+Optionally can also retrieve pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void *nedgetvalue(nedpool **p, void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Disables the thread cache for the calling thread, returning any existing cache
+data to the central pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void neddisablethreadcache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpmalloc(nedpool *p, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpcalloc(nedpool *p, size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedprealloc(nedpool *p, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedpfree(nedpool *p, void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpmemalign(nedpool *p, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC;
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+EXTSPEC struct mallinfo nedpmallinfo(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+#endif
+EXTSPEC int    nedpmallopt(nedpool *p, int parno, int value) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC int    nedpmalloc_trim(nedpool *p, size_t pad) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedpmalloc_stats(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC size_t nedpmalloc_footprint(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedpindependent_calloc(nedpool *p, size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedpindependent_comalloc(nedpool *p, size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+#undef MALLOCATTR
+#undef EXTSPEC
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/qsort.c b/compat/qsort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d93dce2cf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/qsort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/*
+ * A merge sort implementation, simplified from the qsort implementation
+ * by Mike Haertel, which is a part of the GNU C Library.
+ */
+
+static void msort_with_tmp(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
+			   int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *),
+			   char *t)
+{
+	char *tmp;
+	char *b1, *b2;
+	size_t n1, n2;
+
+	if (n <= 1)
+		return;
+
+	n1 = n / 2;
+	n2 = n - n1;
+	b1 = b;
+	b2 = (char *)b + (n1 * s);
+
+	msort_with_tmp(b1, n1, s, cmp, t);
+	msort_with_tmp(b2, n2, s, cmp, t);
+
+	tmp = t;
+
+	while (n1 > 0 && n2 > 0) {
+		if (cmp(b1, b2) <= 0) {
+			memcpy(tmp, b1, s);
+			tmp += s;
+			b1 += s;
+			--n1;
+		} else {
+			memcpy(tmp, b2, s);
+			tmp += s;
+			b2 += s;
+			--n2;
+		}
+	}
+	if (n1 > 0)
+		memcpy(tmp, b1, n1 * s);
+	memcpy(b, t, (n - n2) * s);
+}
+
+void git_qsort(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
+	       int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *))
+{
+	const size_t size = n * s;
+	char buf[1024];
+
+	if (size < sizeof(buf)) {
+		/* The temporary array fits on the small on-stack buffer. */
+		msort_with_tmp(b, n, s, cmp, buf);
+	} else {
+		/* It's somewhat large, so malloc it.  */
+		char *tmp = malloc(size);
+		msort_with_tmp(b, n, s, cmp, tmp);
+		free(tmp);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.c b/compat/regex/regex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ea007567d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4927 @@
+/* Extended regular expression matching and search library,
+   version 0.12.
+   (Implements POSIX draft P10003.2/D11.2, except for
+   internationalization features.)
+
+   Copyright (C) 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */
+
+/* AIX requires this to be the first thing in the file. */
+#if defined (_AIX) && !defined (REGEX_MALLOC)
+  #pragma alloca
+#endif
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+/* We need this for `regex.h', and perhaps for the Emacs include files.  */
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+/* We used to test for `BSTRING' here, but only GCC and Emacs define
+   `BSTRING', as far as I know, and neither of them use this code.  */
+#include <string.h>
+#ifndef bcmp
+#define bcmp(s1, s2, n)	memcmp ((s1), (s2), (n))
+#endif
+#ifndef bcopy
+#define bcopy(s, d, n)	memcpy ((d), (s), (n))
+#endif
+#ifndef bzero
+#define bzero(s, n)	memset ((s), 0, (n))
+#endif
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+
+/* Define the syntax stuff for \<, \>, etc.  */
+
+/* This must be nonzero for the wordchar and notwordchar pattern
+   commands in re_match_2.  */
+#ifndef Sword
+#define Sword 1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SYNTAX_TABLE
+
+extern char *re_syntax_table;
+
+#else /* not SYNTAX_TABLE */
+
+/* How many characters in the character set.  */
+#define CHAR_SET_SIZE 256
+
+static char re_syntax_table[CHAR_SET_SIZE];
+
+static void
+init_syntax_once ()
+{
+   register int c;
+   static int done = 0;
+
+   if (done)
+     return;
+
+   bzero (re_syntax_table, sizeof re_syntax_table);
+
+   for (c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
+     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;
+
+   for (c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++)
+     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;
+
+   for (c = '0'; c <= '9'; c++)
+     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;
+
+   re_syntax_table['_'] = Sword;
+
+   done = 1;
+}
+
+#endif /* not SYNTAX_TABLE */
+
+#define SYNTAX(c) re_syntax_table[c]
+
+
+/* Get the interface, including the syntax bits.  */
+#include "regex.h"
+
+/* isalpha etc. are used for the character classes.  */
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#ifndef isascii
+#define isascii(c) 1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef isblank
+#define ISBLANK(c) (isascii (c) && isblank (c))
+#else
+#define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
+#endif
+#ifdef isgraph
+#define ISGRAPH(c) (isascii (c) && isgraph (c))
+#else
+#define ISGRAPH(c) (isascii (c) && isprint (c) && !isspace (c))
+#endif
+
+#define ISPRINT(c) (isascii (c) && isprint (c))
+#define ISDIGIT(c) (isascii (c) && isdigit (c))
+#define ISALNUM(c) (isascii (c) && isalnum (c))
+#define ISALPHA(c) (isascii (c) && isalpha (c))
+#define ISCNTRL(c) (isascii (c) && iscntrl (c))
+#define ISLOWER(c) (isascii (c) && islower (c))
+#define ISPUNCT(c) (isascii (c) && ispunct (c))
+#define ISSPACE(c) (isascii (c) && isspace (c))
+#define ISUPPER(c) (isascii (c) && isupper (c))
+#define ISXDIGIT(c) (isascii (c) && isxdigit (c))
+
+#ifndef NULL
+#define NULL 0
+#endif
+
+/* We remove any previous definition of `SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR',
+   since ours (we hope) works properly with all combinations of
+   machines, compilers, `char' and `unsigned char' argument types.
+   (Per Bothner suggested the basic approach.)  */
+#undef SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR
+#if __STDC__
+#define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((signed char) (c))
+#else  /* not __STDC__ */
+/* As in Harbison and Steele.  */
+#define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((((unsigned char) (c)) ^ 128) - 128)
+#endif
+
+/* Should we use malloc or alloca?  If REGEX_MALLOC is not defined, we
+   use `alloca' instead of `malloc'.  This is because using malloc in
+   re_search* or re_match* could cause memory leaks when C-g is used in
+   Emacs; also, malloc is slower and causes storage fragmentation.  On
+   the other hand, malloc is more portable, and easier to debug.
+
+   Because we sometimes use alloca, some routines have to be macros,
+   not functions -- `alloca'-allocated space disappears at the end of the
+   function it is called in.  */
+
+#ifdef REGEX_MALLOC
+
+#define REGEX_ALLOCATE malloc
+#define REGEX_REALLOCATE(source, osize, nsize) realloc (source, nsize)
+
+#else /* not REGEX_MALLOC  */
+
+/* Emacs already defines alloca, sometimes.  */
+#ifndef alloca
+
+/* Make alloca work the best possible way.  */
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define alloca __builtin_alloca
+#else /* not __GNUC__ */
+#if HAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#include <alloca.h>
+#else /* not __GNUC__ or HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
+#ifndef _AIX /* Already did AIX, up at the top.  */
+char *alloca ();
+#endif /* not _AIX */
+#endif /* not HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
+#endif /* not __GNUC__ */
+
+#endif /* not alloca */
+
+#define REGEX_ALLOCATE alloca
+
+/* Assumes a `char *destination' variable.  */
+#define REGEX_REALLOCATE(source, osize, nsize)				\
+  (destination = (char *) alloca (nsize),				\
+   bcopy (source, destination, osize),					\
+   destination)
+
+#endif /* not REGEX_MALLOC */
+
+
+/* True if `size1' is non-NULL and PTR is pointing anywhere inside
+   `string1' or just past its end.  This works if PTR is NULL, which is
+   a good thing.  */
+#define FIRST_STRING_P(ptr) 					\
+  (size1 && string1 <= (ptr) && (ptr) <= string1 + size1)
+
+/* (Re)Allocate N items of type T using malloc, or fail.  */
+#define TALLOC(n, t) ((t *) malloc ((n) * sizeof (t)))
+#define RETALLOC(addr, n, t) ((addr) = (t *) realloc (addr, (n) * sizeof (t)))
+#define REGEX_TALLOC(n, t) ((t *) REGEX_ALLOCATE ((n) * sizeof (t)))
+
+#define BYTEWIDTH 8 /* In bits.  */
+
+#define STREQ(s1, s2) ((strcmp (s1, s2) == 0))
+
+#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+typedef char boolean;
+#define false 0
+#define true 1
+
+/* These are the command codes that appear in compiled regular
+   expressions.  Some opcodes are followed by argument bytes.  A
+   command code can specify any interpretation whatsoever for its
+   arguments.  Zero bytes may appear in the compiled regular expression.
+
+   The value of `exactn' is needed in search.c (search_buffer) in Emacs.
+   So regex.h defines a symbol `RE_EXACTN_VALUE' to be 1; the value of
+   `exactn' we use here must also be 1.  */
+
+typedef enum
+{
+  no_op = 0,
+
+	/* Followed by one byte giving n, then by n literal bytes.  */
+  exactn = 1,
+
+	/* Matches any (more or less) character.  */
+  anychar,
+
+	/* Matches any one char belonging to specified set.  First
+	   following byte is number of bitmap bytes.  Then come bytes
+	   for a bitmap saying which chars are in.  Bits in each byte
+	   are ordered low-bit-first.  A character is in the set if its
+	   bit is 1.  A character too large to have a bit in the map is
+	   automatically not in the set.  */
+  charset,
+
+	/* Same parameters as charset, but match any character that is
+	   not one of those specified.  */
+  charset_not,
+
+	/* Start remembering the text that is matched, for storing in a
+	   register.  Followed by one byte with the register number, in
+	   the range 0 to one less than the pattern buffer's re_nsub
+	   field.  Then followed by one byte with the number of groups
+	   inner to this one.  (This last has to be part of the
+	   start_memory only because we need it in the on_failure_jump
+	   of re_match_2.)  */
+  start_memory,
+
+	/* Stop remembering the text that is matched and store it in a
+	   memory register.  Followed by one byte with the register
+	   number, in the range 0 to one less than `re_nsub' in the
+	   pattern buffer, and one byte with the number of inner groups,
+	   just like `start_memory'.  (We need the number of inner
+	   groups here because we don't have any easy way of finding the
+	   corresponding start_memory when we're at a stop_memory.)  */
+  stop_memory,
+
+	/* Match a duplicate of something remembered. Followed by one
+	   byte containing the register number.  */
+  duplicate,
+
+	/* Fail unless at beginning of line.  */
+  begline,
+
+	/* Fail unless at end of line.  */
+  endline,
+
+	/* Succeeds if at beginning of buffer (if emacs) or at beginning
+	   of string to be matched (if not).  */
+  begbuf,
+
+	/* Analogously, for end of buffer/string.  */
+  endbuf,
+
+	/* Followed by two byte relative address to which to jump.  */
+  jump,
+
+	/* Same as jump, but marks the end of an alternative.  */
+  jump_past_alt,
+
+	/* Followed by two-byte relative address of place to resume at
+	   in case of failure.  */
+  on_failure_jump,
+
+	/* Like on_failure_jump, but pushes a placeholder instead of the
+	   current string position when executed.  */
+  on_failure_keep_string_jump,
+
+	/* Throw away latest failure point and then jump to following
+	   two-byte relative address.  */
+  pop_failure_jump,
+
+	/* Change to pop_failure_jump if know won't have to backtrack to
+	   match; otherwise change to jump.  This is used to jump
+	   back to the beginning of a repeat.  If what follows this jump
+	   clearly won't match what the repeat does, such that we can be
+	   sure that there is no use backtracking out of repetitions
+	   already matched, then we change it to a pop_failure_jump.
+	   Followed by two-byte address.  */
+  maybe_pop_jump,
+
+	/* Jump to following two-byte address, and push a dummy failure
+	   point. This failure point will be thrown away if an attempt
+	   is made to use it for a failure.  A `+' construct makes this
+	   before the first repeat.  Also used as an intermediary kind
+	   of jump when compiling an alternative.  */
+  dummy_failure_jump,
+
+	/* Push a dummy failure point and continue.  Used at the end of
+	   alternatives.  */
+  push_dummy_failure,
+
+	/* Followed by two-byte relative address and two-byte number n.
+	   After matching N times, jump to the address upon failure.  */
+  succeed_n,
+
+	/* Followed by two-byte relative address, and two-byte number n.
+	   Jump to the address N times, then fail.  */
+  jump_n,
+
+	/* Set the following two-byte relative address to the
+	   subsequent two-byte number.  The address *includes* the two
+	   bytes of number.  */
+  set_number_at,
+
+  wordchar,	/* Matches any word-constituent character.  */
+  notwordchar,	/* Matches any char that is not a word-constituent.  */
+
+  wordbeg,	/* Succeeds if at word beginning.  */
+  wordend,	/* Succeeds if at word end.  */
+
+  wordbound,	/* Succeeds if at a word boundary.  */
+  notwordbound	/* Succeeds if not at a word boundary.  */
+
+#ifdef emacs
+  ,before_dot,	/* Succeeds if before point.  */
+  at_dot,	/* Succeeds if at point.  */
+  after_dot,	/* Succeeds if after point.  */
+
+	/* Matches any character whose syntax is specified.  Followed by
+	   a byte which contains a syntax code, e.g., Sword.  */
+  syntaxspec,
+
+	/* Matches any character whose syntax is not that specified.  */
+  notsyntaxspec
+#endif /* emacs */
+} re_opcode_t;
+
+/* Common operations on the compiled pattern.  */
+
+/* Store NUMBER in two contiguous bytes starting at DESTINATION.  */
+
+#define STORE_NUMBER(destination, number)				\
+  do {									\
+    (destination)[0] = (number) & 0377;					\
+    (destination)[1] = (number) >> 8;					\
+  } while (0)
+
+/* Same as STORE_NUMBER, except increment DESTINATION to
+   the byte after where the number is stored.  Therefore, DESTINATION
+   must be an lvalue.  */
+
+#define STORE_NUMBER_AND_INCR(destination, number)			\
+  do {									\
+    STORE_NUMBER (destination, number);					\
+    (destination) += 2;							\
+  } while (0)
+
+/* Put into DESTINATION a number stored in two contiguous bytes starting
+   at SOURCE.  */
+
+#define EXTRACT_NUMBER(destination, source)				\
+  do {									\
+    (destination) = *(source) & 0377;					\
+    (destination) += SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR (*((source) + 1)) << 8;		\
+  } while (0)
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+static void
+extract_number (dest, source)
+    int *dest;
+    unsigned char *source;
+{
+  int temp = SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR (*(source + 1));
+  *dest = *source & 0377;
+  *dest += temp << 8;
+}
+
+#ifndef EXTRACT_MACROS /* To debug the macros.  */
+#undef EXTRACT_NUMBER
+#define EXTRACT_NUMBER(dest, src) extract_number (&dest, src)
+#endif /* not EXTRACT_MACROS */
+
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* Same as EXTRACT_NUMBER, except increment SOURCE to after the number.
+   SOURCE must be an lvalue.  */
+
+#define EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR(destination, source)			\
+  do {									\
+    EXTRACT_NUMBER (destination, source);				\
+    (source) += 2; 							\
+  } while (0)
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+static void
+extract_number_and_incr (destination, source)
+    int *destination;
+    unsigned char **source;
+{
+  extract_number (destination, *source);
+  *source += 2;
+}
+
+#ifndef EXTRACT_MACROS
+#undef EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR
+#define EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR(dest, src) \
+  extract_number_and_incr (&dest, &src)
+#endif /* not EXTRACT_MACROS */
+
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* If DEBUG is defined, Regex prints many voluminous messages about what
+   it is doing (if the variable `debug' is nonzero).  If linked with the
+   main program in `iregex.c', you can enter patterns and strings
+   interactively.  And if linked with the main program in `main.c' and
+   the other test files, you can run the already-written tests.  */
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+
+/* We use standard I/O for debugging.  */
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* It is useful to test things that ``must'' be true when debugging.  */
+#include <assert.h>
+
+static int debug = 0;
+
+#define DEBUG_STATEMENT(e) e
+#define DEBUG_PRINT1(x) if (debug) printf (x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT2(x1, x2) if (debug) printf (x1, x2)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT3(x1, x2, x3) if (debug) printf (x1, x2, x3)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT4(x1, x2, x3, x4) if (debug) printf (x1, x2, x3, x4)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN(p, s, e) 				\
+  if (debug) print_partial_compiled_pattern (s, e)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING(w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)			\
+  if (debug) print_double_string (w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)
+
+
+extern void printchar ();
+
+/* Print the fastmap in human-readable form.  */
+
+void
+print_fastmap (fastmap)
+    char *fastmap;
+{
+  unsigned was_a_range = 0;
+  unsigned i = 0;
+
+  while (i < (1 << BYTEWIDTH))
+    {
+      if (fastmap[i++])
+	{
+	  was_a_range = 0;
+	  printchar (i - 1);
+	  while (i < (1 << BYTEWIDTH)  &&  fastmap[i])
+	    {
+	      was_a_range = 1;
+	      i++;
+	    }
+	  if (was_a_range)
+	    {
+	      printf ("-");
+	      printchar (i - 1);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+  putchar ('\n');
+}
+
+
+/* Print a compiled pattern string in human-readable form, starting at
+   the START pointer into it and ending just before the pointer END.  */
+
+void
+print_partial_compiled_pattern (start, end)
+    unsigned char *start;
+    unsigned char *end;
+{
+  int mcnt, mcnt2;
+  unsigned char *p = start;
+  unsigned char *pend = end;
+
+  if (start == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("(null)\n");
+      return;
+    }
+
+  /* Loop over pattern commands.  */
+  while (p < pend)
+    {
+      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p++)
+	{
+	case no_op:
+	  printf ("/no_op");
+	  break;
+
+	case exactn:
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  printf ("/exactn/%d", mcnt);
+	  do
+	    {
+	      putchar ('/');
+	      printchar (*p++);
+	    }
+	  while (--mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case start_memory:
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  printf ("/start_memory/%d/%d", mcnt, *p++);
+	  break;
+
+	case stop_memory:
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  printf ("/stop_memory/%d/%d", mcnt, *p++);
+	  break;
+
+	case duplicate:
+	  printf ("/duplicate/%d", *p++);
+	  break;
+
+	case anychar:
+	  printf ("/anychar");
+	  break;
+
+	case charset:
+	case charset_not:
+	  {
+	    register int c;
+
+	    printf ("/charset%s",
+		    (re_opcode_t) *(p - 1) == charset_not ? "_not" : "");
+
+	    assert (p + *p < pend);
+
+	    for (c = 0; c < *p; c++)
+	      {
+		unsigned bit;
+		unsigned char map_byte = p[1 + c];
+
+		putchar ('/');
+
+		for (bit = 0; bit < BYTEWIDTH; bit++)
+		  if (map_byte & (1 << bit))
+		    printchar (c * BYTEWIDTH + bit);
+	      }
+	    p += 1 + *p;
+	    break;
+	  }
+
+	case begline:
+	  printf ("/begline");
+	  break;
+
+	case endline:
+	  printf ("/endline");
+	  break;
+
+	case on_failure_jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/on_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case on_failure_keep_string_jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/on_failure_keep_string_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case dummy_failure_jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/dummy_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case push_dummy_failure:
+	  printf ("/push_dummy_failure");
+	  break;
+
+	case maybe_pop_jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/maybe_pop_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case pop_failure_jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/pop_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case jump_past_alt:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/jump_past_alt/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case jump:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  printf ("/jump/0/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case succeed_n:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
+	  printf ("/succeed_n/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
+	  break;
+
+	case jump_n:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
+	  printf ("/jump_n/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
+	  break;
+
+	case set_number_at:
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
+	  extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
+	  printf ("/set_number_at/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
+	  break;
+
+	case wordbound:
+	  printf ("/wordbound");
+	  break;
+
+	case notwordbound:
+	  printf ("/notwordbound");
+	  break;
+
+	case wordbeg:
+	  printf ("/wordbeg");
+	  break;
+
+	case wordend:
+	  printf ("/wordend");
+
+#ifdef emacs
+	case before_dot:
+	  printf ("/before_dot");
+	  break;
+
+	case at_dot:
+	  printf ("/at_dot");
+	  break;
+
+	case after_dot:
+	  printf ("/after_dot");
+	  break;
+
+	case syntaxspec:
+	  printf ("/syntaxspec");
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  printf ("/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+
+	case notsyntaxspec:
+	  printf ("/notsyntaxspec");
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  printf ("/%d", mcnt);
+	  break;
+#endif /* emacs */
+
+	case wordchar:
+	  printf ("/wordchar");
+	  break;
+
+	case notwordchar:
+	  printf ("/notwordchar");
+	  break;
+
+	case begbuf:
+	  printf ("/begbuf");
+	  break;
+
+	case endbuf:
+	  printf ("/endbuf");
+	  break;
+
+	default:
+	  printf ("?%d", *(p-1));
+	}
+    }
+  printf ("/\n");
+}
+
+
+void
+print_compiled_pattern (bufp)
+    struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+{
+  unsigned char *buffer = bufp->buffer;
+
+  print_partial_compiled_pattern (buffer, buffer + bufp->used);
+  printf ("%d bytes used/%d bytes allocated.\n", bufp->used, bufp->allocated);
+
+  if (bufp->fastmap_accurate && bufp->fastmap)
+    {
+      printf ("fastmap: ");
+      print_fastmap (bufp->fastmap);
+    }
+
+  printf ("re_nsub: %d\t", bufp->re_nsub);
+  printf ("regs_alloc: %d\t", bufp->regs_allocated);
+  printf ("can_be_null: %d\t", bufp->can_be_null);
+  printf ("newline_anchor: %d\n", bufp->newline_anchor);
+  printf ("no_sub: %d\t", bufp->no_sub);
+  printf ("not_bol: %d\t", bufp->not_bol);
+  printf ("not_eol: %d\t", bufp->not_eol);
+  printf ("syntax: %d\n", bufp->syntax);
+  /* Perhaps we should print the translate table?  */
+}
+
+
+void
+print_double_string (where, string1, size1, string2, size2)
+    const char *where;
+    const char *string1;
+    const char *string2;
+    int size1;
+    int size2;
+{
+  unsigned this_char;
+
+  if (where == NULL)
+    printf ("(null)");
+  else
+    {
+      if (FIRST_STRING_P (where))
+	{
+	  for (this_char = where - string1; this_char < size1; this_char++)
+	    printchar (string1[this_char]);
+
+	  where = string2;
+	}
+
+      for (this_char = where - string2; this_char < size2; this_char++)
+	printchar (string2[this_char]);
+    }
+}
+
+#else /* not DEBUG */
+
+#undef assert
+#define assert(e)
+
+#define DEBUG_STATEMENT(e)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT1(x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT2(x1, x2)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT3(x1, x2, x3)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT4(x1, x2, x3, x4)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN(p, s, e)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING(w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)
+
+#endif /* not DEBUG */
+
+/* Set by `re_set_syntax' to the current regexp syntax to recognize.  Can
+   also be assigned to arbitrarily: each pattern buffer stores its own
+   syntax, so it can be changed between regex compilations.  */
+reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options = RE_SYNTAX_EMACS;
+
+
+/* Specify the precise syntax of regexps for compilation.  This provides
+   for compatibility for various utilities which historically have
+   different, incompatible syntaxes.
+
+   The argument SYNTAX is a bit mask comprised of the various bits
+   defined in regex.h.  We return the old syntax.  */
+
+reg_syntax_t
+re_set_syntax (syntax)
+    reg_syntax_t syntax;
+{
+  reg_syntax_t ret = re_syntax_options;
+
+  re_syntax_options = syntax;
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/* This table gives an error message for each of the error codes listed
+   in regex.h.  Obviously the order here has to be same as there.  */
+
+static const char *re_error_msg[] =
+  { NULL,					/* REG_NOERROR */
+    "No match",					/* REG_NOMATCH */
+    "Invalid regular expression",		/* REG_BADPAT */
+    "Invalid collation character",		/* REG_ECOLLATE */
+    "Invalid character class name",		/* REG_ECTYPE */
+    "Trailing backslash",			/* REG_EESCAPE */
+    "Invalid back reference",			/* REG_ESUBREG */
+    "Unmatched [ or [^",			/* REG_EBRACK */
+    "Unmatched ( or \\(",			/* REG_EPAREN */
+    "Unmatched \\{",				/* REG_EBRACE */
+    "Invalid content of \\{\\}",		/* REG_BADBR */
+    "Invalid range end",			/* REG_ERANGE */
+    "Memory exhausted",				/* REG_ESPACE */
+    "Invalid preceding regular expression",	/* REG_BADRPT */
+    "Premature end of regular expression",	/* REG_EEND */
+    "Regular expression too big",		/* REG_ESIZE */
+    "Unmatched ) or \\)",			/* REG_ERPAREN */
+  };
+
+/* Subroutine declarations and macros for regex_compile.  */
+
+static void store_op1 (), store_op2 ();
+static void insert_op1 (), insert_op2 ();
+static boolean at_begline_loc_p (), at_endline_loc_p ();
+static boolean group_in_compile_stack ();
+static reg_errcode_t compile_range ();
+
+/* Fetch the next character in the uncompiled pattern---translating it
+   if necessary.  Also cast from a signed character in the constant
+   string passed to us by the user to an unsigned char that we can use
+   as an array index (in, e.g., `translate').  */
+#define PATFETCH(c)							\
+  do {if (p == pend) return REG_EEND;					\
+    c = (unsigned char) *p++;						\
+    if (translate) c = translate[c]; 					\
+  } while (0)
+
+/* Fetch the next character in the uncompiled pattern, with no
+   translation.  */
+#define PATFETCH_RAW(c)							\
+  do {if (p == pend) return REG_EEND;					\
+    c = (unsigned char) *p++; 						\
+  } while (0)
+
+/* Go backwards one character in the pattern.  */
+#define PATUNFETCH p--
+
+
+/* If `translate' is non-null, return translate[D], else just D.  We
+   cast the subscript to translate because some data is declared as
+   `char *', to avoid warnings when a string constant is passed.  But
+   when we use a character as a subscript we must make it unsigned.  */
+#define TRANSLATE(d) (translate ? translate[(unsigned char) (d)] : (d))
+
+
+/* Macros for outputting the compiled pattern into `buffer'.  */
+
+/* If the buffer isn't allocated when it comes in, use this.  */
+#define INIT_BUF_SIZE  32
+
+/* Make sure we have at least N more bytes of space in buffer.  */
+#define GET_BUFFER_SPACE(n)						\
+    while (b - bufp->buffer + (n) > bufp->allocated)			\
+      EXTEND_BUFFER ()
+
+/* Make sure we have one more byte of buffer space and then add C to it.  */
+#define BUF_PUSH(c)							\
+  do {									\
+    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (1);						\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c);						\
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/* Ensure we have two more bytes of buffer space and then append C1 and C2.  */
+#define BUF_PUSH_2(c1, c2)						\
+  do {									\
+    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (2);						\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c1);					\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c2);					\
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/* As with BUF_PUSH_2, except for three bytes.  */
+#define BUF_PUSH_3(c1, c2, c3)						\
+  do {									\
+    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);						\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c1);					\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c2);					\
+    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c3);					\
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/* Store a jump with opcode OP at LOC to location TO.  We store a
+   relative address offset by the three bytes the jump itself occupies.  */
+#define STORE_JUMP(op, loc, to) \
+  store_op1 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3)
+
+/* Likewise, for a two-argument jump.  */
+#define STORE_JUMP2(op, loc, to, arg) \
+  store_op2 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, arg)
+
+/* Like `STORE_JUMP', but for inserting.  Assume `b' is the buffer end.  */
+#define INSERT_JUMP(op, loc, to) \
+  insert_op1 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, b)
+
+/* Like `STORE_JUMP2', but for inserting.  Assume `b' is the buffer end.  */
+#define INSERT_JUMP2(op, loc, to, arg) \
+  insert_op2 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, arg, b)
+
+
+/* This is not an arbitrary limit: the arguments which represent offsets
+   into the pattern are two bytes long.  So if 2^16 bytes turns out to
+   be too small, many things would have to change.  */
+#define MAX_BUF_SIZE (1L << 16)
+
+
+/* Extend the buffer by twice its current size via realloc and
+   reset the pointers that pointed into the old block to point to the
+   correct places in the new one.  If extending the buffer results in it
+   being larger than MAX_BUF_SIZE, then flag memory exhausted.  */
+#define EXTEND_BUFFER()							\
+  do { 									\
+    unsigned char *old_buffer = bufp->buffer;				\
+    if (bufp->allocated == MAX_BUF_SIZE) 				\
+      return REG_ESIZE;							\
+    bufp->allocated <<= 1;						\
+    if (bufp->allocated > MAX_BUF_SIZE)					\
+      bufp->allocated = MAX_BUF_SIZE; 					\
+    bufp->buffer = (unsigned char *) realloc (bufp->buffer, bufp->allocated);\
+    if (bufp->buffer == NULL)						\
+      return REG_ESPACE;						\
+    /* If the buffer moved, move all the pointers into it.  */		\
+    if (old_buffer != bufp->buffer)					\
+      {									\
+	b = (b - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;				\
+	begalt = (begalt - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;			\
+	if (fixup_alt_jump)						\
+	  fixup_alt_jump = (fixup_alt_jump - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;\
+	if (laststart)							\
+	  laststart = (laststart - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;		\
+	if (pending_exact)						\
+	  pending_exact = (pending_exact - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;	\
+      }									\
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/* Since we have one byte reserved for the register number argument to
+   {start,stop}_memory, the maximum number of groups we can report
+   things about is what fits in that byte.  */
+#define MAX_REGNUM 255
+
+/* But patterns can have more than `MAX_REGNUM' registers.  We just
+   ignore the excess.  */
+typedef unsigned regnum_t;
+
+
+/* Macros for the compile stack.  */
+
+/* Since offsets can go either forwards or backwards, this type needs to
+   be able to hold values from -(MAX_BUF_SIZE - 1) to MAX_BUF_SIZE - 1.  */
+typedef int pattern_offset_t;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  pattern_offset_t begalt_offset;
+  pattern_offset_t fixup_alt_jump;
+  pattern_offset_t inner_group_offset;
+  pattern_offset_t laststart_offset;
+  regnum_t regnum;
+} compile_stack_elt_t;
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  compile_stack_elt_t *stack;
+  unsigned size;
+  unsigned avail;			/* Offset of next open position.  */
+} compile_stack_type;
+
+
+#define INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE 32
+
+#define COMPILE_STACK_EMPTY  (compile_stack.avail == 0)
+#define COMPILE_STACK_FULL  (compile_stack.avail == compile_stack.size)
+
+/* The next available element.  */
+#define COMPILE_STACK_TOP (compile_stack.stack[compile_stack.avail])
+
+
+/* Set the bit for character C in a list.  */
+#define SET_LIST_BIT(c)                               \
+  (b[((unsigned char) (c)) / BYTEWIDTH]               \
+   |= 1 << (((unsigned char) c) % BYTEWIDTH))
+
+
+/* Get the next unsigned number in the uncompiled pattern.  */
+#define GET_UNSIGNED_NUMBER(num) 					\
+  { if (p != pend)							\
+     {									\
+       PATFETCH (c); 							\
+       while (ISDIGIT (c)) 						\
+	 { 								\
+	   if (num < 0)							\
+	      num = 0;							\
+	   num = num * 10 + c - '0'; 					\
+	   if (p == pend) 						\
+	      break; 							\
+	   PATFETCH (c);						\
+	 } 								\
+       } 								\
+    }
+
+#define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH  6 /* Namely, `xdigit'.  */
+
+#define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string)						\
+   (STREQ (string, "alpha") || STREQ (string, "upper")			\
+    || STREQ (string, "lower") || STREQ (string, "digit")		\
+    || STREQ (string, "alnum") || STREQ (string, "xdigit")		\
+    || STREQ (string, "space") || STREQ (string, "print")		\
+    || STREQ (string, "punct") || STREQ (string, "graph")		\
+    || STREQ (string, "cntrl") || STREQ (string, "blank"))
+
+/* `regex_compile' compiles PATTERN (of length SIZE) according to SYNTAX.
+   Returns one of error codes defined in `regex.h', or zero for success.
+
+   Assumes the `allocated' (and perhaps `buffer') and `translate'
+   fields are set in BUFP on entry.
+
+   If it succeeds, results are put in BUFP (if it returns an error, the
+   contents of BUFP are undefined):
+     `buffer' is the compiled pattern;
+     `syntax' is set to SYNTAX;
+     `used' is set to the length of the compiled pattern;
+     `fastmap_accurate' is zero;
+     `re_nsub' is the number of subexpressions in PATTERN;
+     `not_bol' and `not_eol' are zero;
+
+   The `fastmap' and `newline_anchor' fields are neither
+   examined nor set.  */
+
+static reg_errcode_t
+regex_compile (pattern, size, syntax, bufp)
+     const char *pattern;
+     int size;
+     reg_syntax_t syntax;
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+{
+  /* We fetch characters from PATTERN here.  Even though PATTERN is
+     `char *' (i.e., signed), we declare these variables as unsigned, so
+     they can be reliably used as array indices.  */
+  register unsigned char c, c1;
+
+  /* A random temporary spot in PATTERN.  */
+  const char *p1;
+
+  /* Points to the end of the buffer, where we should append.  */
+  register unsigned char *b;
+
+  /* Keeps track of unclosed groups.  */
+  compile_stack_type compile_stack;
+
+  /* Points to the current (ending) position in the pattern.  */
+  const char *p = pattern;
+  const char *pend = pattern + size;
+
+  /* How to translate the characters in the pattern.  */
+  char *translate = bufp->translate;
+
+  /* Address of the count-byte of the most recently inserted `exactn'
+     command.  This makes it possible to tell if a new exact-match
+     character can be added to that command or if the character requires
+     a new `exactn' command.  */
+  unsigned char *pending_exact = 0;
+
+  /* Address of start of the most recently finished expression.
+     This tells, e.g., postfix * where to find the start of its
+     operand.  Reset at the beginning of groups and alternatives.  */
+  unsigned char *laststart = 0;
+
+  /* Address of beginning of regexp, or inside of last group.  */
+  unsigned char *begalt;
+
+  /* Place in the uncompiled pattern (i.e., the {) to
+     which to go back if the interval is invalid.  */
+  const char *beg_interval;
+
+  /* Address of the place where a forward jump should go to the end of
+     the containing expression.  Each alternative of an `or' -- except the
+     last -- ends with a forward jump of this sort.  */
+  unsigned char *fixup_alt_jump = 0;
+
+  /* Counts open-groups as they are encountered.  Remembered for the
+     matching close-group on the compile stack, so the same register
+     number is put in the stop_memory as the start_memory.  */
+  regnum_t regnum = 0;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\nCompiling pattern: ");
+  if (debug)
+    {
+      unsigned debug_count;
+
+      for (debug_count = 0; debug_count < size; debug_count++)
+	printchar (pattern[debug_count]);
+      putchar ('\n');
+    }
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+  /* Initialize the compile stack.  */
+  compile_stack.stack = TALLOC (INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE, compile_stack_elt_t);
+  if (compile_stack.stack == NULL)
+    return REG_ESPACE;
+
+  compile_stack.size = INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE;
+  compile_stack.avail = 0;
+
+  /* Initialize the pattern buffer.  */
+  bufp->syntax = syntax;
+  bufp->fastmap_accurate = 0;
+  bufp->not_bol = bufp->not_eol = 0;
+
+  /* Set `used' to zero, so that if we return an error, the pattern
+     printer (for debugging) will think there's no pattern.  We reset it
+     at the end.  */
+  bufp->used = 0;
+
+  /* Always count groups, whether or not bufp->no_sub is set.  */
+  bufp->re_nsub = 0;
+
+#if !defined (emacs) && !defined (SYNTAX_TABLE)
+  /* Initialize the syntax table.  */
+   init_syntax_once ();
+#endif
+
+  if (bufp->allocated == 0)
+    {
+      if (bufp->buffer)
+	{ /* If zero allocated, but buffer is non-null, try to realloc
+	     enough space.  This loses if buffer's address is bogus, but
+	     that is the user's responsibility.  */
+	  RETALLOC (bufp->buffer, INIT_BUF_SIZE, unsigned char);
+	}
+      else
+	{ /* Caller did not allocate a buffer.  Do it for them.  */
+	  bufp->buffer = TALLOC (INIT_BUF_SIZE, unsigned char);
+	}
+      if (!bufp->buffer) return REG_ESPACE;
+
+      bufp->allocated = INIT_BUF_SIZE;
+    }
+
+  begalt = b = bufp->buffer;
+
+  /* Loop through the uncompiled pattern until we're at the end.  */
+  while (p != pend)
+    {
+      PATFETCH (c);
+
+      switch (c)
+	{
+	case '^':
+	  {
+	    if (   /* If at start of pattern, it's an operator.  */
+		   p == pattern + 1
+		   /* If context independent, it's an operator.  */
+		|| syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
+		   /* Otherwise, depends on what's come before.  */
+		|| at_begline_loc_p (pattern, p, syntax))
+	      BUF_PUSH (begline);
+	    else
+	      goto normal_char;
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+
+	case '$':
+	  {
+	    if (   /* If at end of pattern, it's an operator.  */
+		   p == pend
+		   /* If context independent, it's an operator.  */
+		|| syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
+		   /* Otherwise, depends on what's next.  */
+		|| at_endline_loc_p (p, pend, syntax))
+	       BUF_PUSH (endline);
+	     else
+	       goto normal_char;
+	   }
+	   break;
+
+
+	case '+':
+	case '?':
+	  if ((syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
+	      || (syntax & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
+	    goto normal_char;
+	handle_plus:
+	case '*':
+	  /* If there is no previous pattern... */
+	  if (!laststart)
+	    {
+	      if (syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS)
+		return REG_BADRPT;
+	      else if (!(syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS))
+		goto normal_char;
+	    }
+
+	  {
+	    /* Are we optimizing this jump?  */
+	    boolean keep_string_p = false;
+
+	    /* 1 means zero (many) matches is allowed.  */
+	    char zero_times_ok = 0, many_times_ok = 0;
+
+	    /* If there is a sequence of repetition chars, collapse it
+	       down to just one (the right one).  We can't combine
+	       interval operators with these because of, e.g., `a{2}*',
+	       which should only match an even number of `a's.  */
+
+	    for (;;)
+	      {
+		zero_times_ok |= c != '+';
+		many_times_ok |= c != '?';
+
+		if (p == pend)
+		  break;
+
+		PATFETCH (c);
+
+		if (c == '*'
+		    || (!(syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM) && (c == '+' || c == '?')))
+		  ;
+
+		else if (syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM  &&  c == '\\')
+		  {
+		    if (p == pend) return REG_EESCAPE;
+
+		    PATFETCH (c1);
+		    if (!(c1 == '+' || c1 == '?'))
+		      {
+			PATUNFETCH;
+			PATUNFETCH;
+			break;
+		      }
+
+		    c = c1;
+		  }
+		else
+		  {
+		    PATUNFETCH;
+		    break;
+		  }
+
+		/* If we get here, we found another repeat character.  */
+	       }
+
+	    /* Star, etc. applied to an empty pattern is equivalent
+	       to an empty pattern.  */
+	    if (!laststart)
+	      break;
+
+	    /* Now we know whether or not zero matches is allowed
+	       and also whether or not two or more matches is allowed.  */
+	    if (many_times_ok)
+	      { /* More than one repetition is allowed, so put in at the
+		   end a backward relative jump from `b' to before the next
+		   jump we're going to put in below (which jumps from
+		   laststart to after this jump).
+
+		   But if we are at the `*' in the exact sequence `.*\n',
+		   insert an unconditional jump backwards to the .,
+		   instead of the beginning of the loop.  This way we only
+		   push a failure point once, instead of every time
+		   through the loop.  */
+		assert (p - 1 > pattern);
+
+		/* Allocate the space for the jump.  */
+		GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+
+		/* We know we are not at the first character of the pattern,
+		   because laststart was nonzero.  And we've already
+		   incremented `p', by the way, to be the character after
+		   the `*'.  Do we have to do something analogous here
+		   for null bytes, because of RE_DOT_NOT_NULL?  */
+		if (TRANSLATE (*(p - 2)) == TRANSLATE ('.')
+		    && zero_times_ok
+		    && p < pend && TRANSLATE (*p) == TRANSLATE ('\n')
+		    && !(syntax & RE_DOT_NEWLINE))
+		  { /* We have .*\n.  */
+		    STORE_JUMP (jump, b, laststart);
+		    keep_string_p = true;
+		  }
+		else
+		  /* Anything else.  */
+		  STORE_JUMP (maybe_pop_jump, b, laststart - 3);
+
+		/* We've added more stuff to the buffer.  */
+		b += 3;
+	      }
+
+	    /* On failure, jump from laststart to b + 3, which will be the
+	       end of the buffer after this jump is inserted.  */
+	    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+	    INSERT_JUMP (keep_string_p ? on_failure_keep_string_jump
+				       : on_failure_jump,
+			 laststart, b + 3);
+	    pending_exact = 0;
+	    b += 3;
+
+	    if (!zero_times_ok)
+	      {
+		/* At least one repetition is required, so insert a
+		   `dummy_failure_jump' before the initial
+		   `on_failure_jump' instruction of the loop. This
+		   effects a skip over that instruction the first time
+		   we hit that loop.  */
+		GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+		INSERT_JUMP (dummy_failure_jump, laststart, laststart + 6);
+		b += 3;
+	      }
+	    }
+	  break;
+
+
+	case '.':
+	  laststart = b;
+	  BUF_PUSH (anychar);
+	  break;
+
+
+	case '[':
+	  {
+	    boolean had_char_class = false;
+
+	    if (p == pend) return REG_EBRACK;
+
+	    /* Ensure that we have enough space to push a charset: the
+	       opcode, the length count, and the bitset; 34 bytes in all.  */
+	    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (34);
+
+	    laststart = b;
+
+	    /* We test `*p == '^' twice, instead of using an if
+	       statement, so we only need one BUF_PUSH.  */
+	    BUF_PUSH (*p == '^' ? charset_not : charset);
+	    if (*p == '^')
+	      p++;
+
+	    /* Remember the first position in the bracket expression.  */
+	    p1 = p;
+
+	    /* Push the number of bytes in the bitmap.  */
+	    BUF_PUSH ((1 << BYTEWIDTH) / BYTEWIDTH);
+
+	    /* Clear the whole map.  */
+	    bzero (b, (1 << BYTEWIDTH) / BYTEWIDTH);
+
+	    /* charset_not matches newline according to a syntax bit.  */
+	    if ((re_opcode_t) b[-2] == charset_not
+		&& (syntax & RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE))
+	      SET_LIST_BIT ('\n');
+
+	    /* Read in characters and ranges, setting map bits.  */
+	    for (;;)
+	      {
+		if (p == pend) return REG_EBRACK;
+
+		PATFETCH (c);
+
+		/* \ might escape characters inside [...] and [^...].  */
+		if ((syntax & RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS) && c == '\\')
+		  {
+		    if (p == pend) return REG_EESCAPE;
+
+		    PATFETCH (c1);
+		    SET_LIST_BIT (c1);
+		    continue;
+		  }
+
+		/* Could be the end of the bracket expression.  If it's
+		   not (i.e., when the bracket expression is `[]' so
+		   far), the ']' character bit gets set way below.  */
+		if (c == ']' && p != p1 + 1)
+		  break;
+
+		/* Look ahead to see if it's a range when the last thing
+		   was a character class.  */
+		if (had_char_class && c == '-' && *p != ']')
+		  return REG_ERANGE;
+
+		/* Look ahead to see if it's a range when the last thing
+		   was a character: if this is a hyphen not at the
+		   beginning or the end of a list, then it's the range
+		   operator.  */
+		if (c == '-'
+		    && !(p - 2 >= pattern && p[-2] == '[')
+		    && !(p - 3 >= pattern && p[-3] == '[' && p[-2] == '^')
+		    && *p != ']')
+		  {
+		    reg_errcode_t ret
+		      = compile_range (&p, pend, translate, syntax, b);
+		    if (ret != REG_NOERROR) return ret;
+		  }
+
+		else if (p[0] == '-' && p[1] != ']')
+		  { /* This handles ranges made up of characters only.  */
+		    reg_errcode_t ret;
+
+		    /* Move past the `-'.  */
+		    PATFETCH (c1);
+
+		    ret = compile_range (&p, pend, translate, syntax, b);
+		    if (ret != REG_NOERROR) return ret;
+		  }
+
+		/* See if we're at the beginning of a possible character
+		   class.  */
+
+		else if (syntax & RE_CHAR_CLASSES && c == '[' && *p == ':')
+		  { /* Leave room for the null.  */
+		    char str[CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH + 1];
+
+		    PATFETCH (c);
+		    c1 = 0;
+
+		    /* If pattern is `[[:'.  */
+		    if (p == pend) return REG_EBRACK;
+
+		    for (;;)
+		      {
+			PATFETCH (c);
+			if (c == ':' || c == ']' || p == pend
+			    || c1 == CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH)
+			  break;
+			str[c1++] = c;
+		      }
+		    str[c1] = '\0';
+
+		    /* If isn't a word bracketed by `[:' and:`]':
+		       undo the ending character, the letters, and leave
+		       the leading `:' and `[' (but set bits for them).  */
+		    if (c == ':' && *p == ']')
+		      {
+			int ch;
+			boolean is_alnum = STREQ (str, "alnum");
+			boolean is_alpha = STREQ (str, "alpha");
+			boolean is_blank = STREQ (str, "blank");
+			boolean is_cntrl = STREQ (str, "cntrl");
+			boolean is_digit = STREQ (str, "digit");
+			boolean is_graph = STREQ (str, "graph");
+			boolean is_lower = STREQ (str, "lower");
+			boolean is_print = STREQ (str, "print");
+			boolean is_punct = STREQ (str, "punct");
+			boolean is_space = STREQ (str, "space");
+			boolean is_upper = STREQ (str, "upper");
+			boolean is_xdigit = STREQ (str, "xdigit");
+
+			if (!IS_CHAR_CLASS (str)) return REG_ECTYPE;
+
+			/* Throw away the ] at the end of the character
+			   class.  */
+			PATFETCH (c);
+
+			if (p == pend) return REG_EBRACK;
+
+			for (ch = 0; ch < 1 << BYTEWIDTH; ch++)
+			  {
+			    if (   (is_alnum  && ISALNUM (ch))
+				|| (is_alpha  && ISALPHA (ch))
+				|| (is_blank  && ISBLANK (ch))
+				|| (is_cntrl  && ISCNTRL (ch))
+				|| (is_digit  && ISDIGIT (ch))
+				|| (is_graph  && ISGRAPH (ch))
+				|| (is_lower  && ISLOWER (ch))
+				|| (is_print  && ISPRINT (ch))
+				|| (is_punct  && ISPUNCT (ch))
+				|| (is_space  && ISSPACE (ch))
+				|| (is_upper  && ISUPPER (ch))
+				|| (is_xdigit && ISXDIGIT (ch)))
+			    SET_LIST_BIT (ch);
+			  }
+			had_char_class = true;
+		      }
+		    else
+		      {
+			c1++;
+			while (c1--)
+			  PATUNFETCH;
+			SET_LIST_BIT ('[');
+			SET_LIST_BIT (':');
+			had_char_class = false;
+		      }
+		  }
+		else
+		  {
+		    had_char_class = false;
+		    SET_LIST_BIT (c);
+		  }
+	      }
+
+	    /* Discard any (non)matching list bytes that are all 0 at the
+	       end of the map.  Decrease the map-length byte too.  */
+	    while ((int) b[-1] > 0 && b[b[-1] - 1] == 0)
+	      b[-1]--;
+	    b += b[-1];
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+
+	case '(':
+	  if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
+	    goto handle_open;
+	  else
+	    goto normal_char;
+
+
+	case ')':
+	  if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
+	    goto handle_close;
+	  else
+	    goto normal_char;
+
+
+	case '\n':
+	  if (syntax & RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
+	    goto handle_alt;
+	  else
+	    goto normal_char;
+
+
+	case '|':
+	  if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
+	    goto handle_alt;
+	  else
+	    goto normal_char;
+
+
+	case '{':
+	   if (syntax & RE_INTERVALS && syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+	     goto handle_interval;
+	   else
+	     goto normal_char;
+
+
+	case '\\':
+	  if (p == pend) return REG_EESCAPE;
+
+	  /* Do not translate the character after the \, so that we can
+	     distinguish, e.g., \B from \b, even if we normally would
+	     translate, e.g., B to b.  */
+	  PATFETCH_RAW (c);
+
+	  switch (c)
+	    {
+	    case '(':
+	      if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
+		goto normal_backslash;
+
+	    handle_open:
+	      bufp->re_nsub++;
+	      regnum++;
+
+	      if (COMPILE_STACK_FULL)
+		{
+		  RETALLOC (compile_stack.stack, compile_stack.size << 1,
+			    compile_stack_elt_t);
+		  if (compile_stack.stack == NULL) return REG_ESPACE;
+
+		  compile_stack.size <<= 1;
+		}
+
+	      /* These are the values to restore when we hit end of this
+		 group.  They are all relative offsets, so that if the
+		 whole pattern moves because of realloc, they will still
+		 be valid.  */
+	      COMPILE_STACK_TOP.begalt_offset = begalt - bufp->buffer;
+	      COMPILE_STACK_TOP.fixup_alt_jump
+		= fixup_alt_jump ? fixup_alt_jump - bufp->buffer + 1 : 0;
+	      COMPILE_STACK_TOP.laststart_offset = b - bufp->buffer;
+	      COMPILE_STACK_TOP.regnum = regnum;
+
+	      /* We will eventually replace the 0 with the number of
+		 groups inner to this one.  But do not push a
+		 start_memory for groups beyond the last one we can
+		 represent in the compiled pattern.  */
+	      if (regnum <= MAX_REGNUM)
+		{
+		  COMPILE_STACK_TOP.inner_group_offset = b - bufp->buffer + 2;
+		  BUF_PUSH_3 (start_memory, regnum, 0);
+		}
+
+	      compile_stack.avail++;
+
+	      fixup_alt_jump = 0;
+	      laststart = 0;
+	      begalt = b;
+	      /* If we've reached MAX_REGNUM groups, then this open
+		 won't actually generate any code, so we'll have to
+		 clear pending_exact explicitly.  */
+	      pending_exact = 0;
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case ')':
+	      if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS) goto normal_backslash;
+
+	      if (COMPILE_STACK_EMPTY)
+	      {
+		if (syntax & RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
+		  goto normal_backslash;
+		else
+		  return REG_ERPAREN;
+	      }
+
+	    handle_close:
+	      if (fixup_alt_jump)
+		{ /* Push a dummy failure point at the end of the
+		     alternative for a possible future
+		     `pop_failure_jump' to pop.  See comments at
+		     `push_dummy_failure' in `re_match_2'.  */
+		  BUF_PUSH (push_dummy_failure);
+
+		  /* We allocated space for this jump when we assigned
+		     to `fixup_alt_jump', in the `handle_alt' case below.  */
+		  STORE_JUMP (jump_past_alt, fixup_alt_jump, b - 1);
+		}
+
+	      /* See similar code for backslashed left paren above.  */
+	      if (COMPILE_STACK_EMPTY)
+	      {
+		if (syntax & RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
+		  goto normal_char;
+		else
+		  return REG_ERPAREN;
+	      }
+
+	      /* Since we just checked for an empty stack above, this
+		 ``can't happen''.  */
+	      assert (compile_stack.avail != 0);
+	      {
+		/* We don't just want to restore into `regnum', because
+		   later groups should continue to be numbered higher,
+		   as in `(ab)c(de)' -- the second group is #2.  */
+		regnum_t this_group_regnum;
+
+		compile_stack.avail--;
+		begalt = bufp->buffer + COMPILE_STACK_TOP.begalt_offset;
+		fixup_alt_jump
+		  = COMPILE_STACK_TOP.fixup_alt_jump
+		    ? bufp->buffer + COMPILE_STACK_TOP.fixup_alt_jump - 1
+		    : 0;
+		laststart = bufp->buffer + COMPILE_STACK_TOP.laststart_offset;
+		this_group_regnum = COMPILE_STACK_TOP.regnum;
+		/* If we've reached MAX_REGNUM groups, then this open
+		   won't actually generate any code, so we'll have to
+		   clear pending_exact explicitly.  */
+		pending_exact = 0;
+
+		/* We're at the end of the group, so now we know how many
+		   groups were inside this one.  */
+		if (this_group_regnum <= MAX_REGNUM)
+		  {
+		    unsigned char *inner_group_loc
+		      = bufp->buffer + COMPILE_STACK_TOP.inner_group_offset;
+
+		    *inner_group_loc = regnum - this_group_regnum;
+		    BUF_PUSH_3 (stop_memory, this_group_regnum,
+				regnum - this_group_regnum);
+		  }
+	      }
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case '|':					/* `\|'.  */
+	      if (syntax & RE_LIMITED_OPS || syntax & RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
+		goto normal_backslash;
+	    handle_alt:
+	      if (syntax & RE_LIMITED_OPS)
+		goto normal_char;
+
+	      /* Insert before the previous alternative a jump which
+		 jumps to this alternative if the former fails.  */
+	      GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+	      INSERT_JUMP (on_failure_jump, begalt, b + 6);
+	      pending_exact = 0;
+	      b += 3;
+
+	      /* The alternative before this one has a jump after it
+		 which gets executed if it gets matched.  Adjust that
+		 jump so it will jump to this alternative's analogous
+		 jump (put in below, which in turn will jump to the next
+		 (if any) alternative's such jump, etc.).  The last such
+		 jump jumps to the correct final destination.  A picture:
+			  _____ _____
+			  |   | |   |
+			  |   v |   v
+			 a | b   | c
+
+		 If we are at `b', then fixup_alt_jump right now points to a
+		 three-byte space after `a'.  We'll put in the jump, set
+		 fixup_alt_jump to right after `b', and leave behind three
+		 bytes which we'll fill in when we get to after `c'.  */
+
+	      if (fixup_alt_jump)
+		STORE_JUMP (jump_past_alt, fixup_alt_jump, b);
+
+	      /* Mark and leave space for a jump after this alternative,
+		 to be filled in later either by next alternative or
+		 when know we're at the end of a series of alternatives.  */
+	      fixup_alt_jump = b;
+	      GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+	      b += 3;
+
+	      laststart = 0;
+	      begalt = b;
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case '{':
+	      /* If \{ is a literal.  */
+	      if (!(syntax & RE_INTERVALS)
+		     /* If we're at `\{' and it's not the open-interval
+			operator.  */
+		  || ((syntax & RE_INTERVALS) && (syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES))
+		  || (p - 2 == pattern  &&  p == pend))
+		goto normal_backslash;
+
+	    handle_interval:
+	      {
+		/* If got here, then the syntax allows intervals.  */
+
+		/* At least (most) this many matches must be made.  */
+		int lower_bound = -1, upper_bound = -1;
+
+		beg_interval = p - 1;
+
+		if (p == pend)
+		  {
+		    if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+		      goto unfetch_interval;
+		    else
+		      return REG_EBRACE;
+		  }
+
+		GET_UNSIGNED_NUMBER (lower_bound);
+
+		if (c == ',')
+		  {
+		    GET_UNSIGNED_NUMBER (upper_bound);
+		    if (upper_bound < 0) upper_bound = RE_DUP_MAX;
+		  }
+		else
+		  /* Interval such as `{1}' => match exactly once. */
+		  upper_bound = lower_bound;
+
+		if (lower_bound < 0 || upper_bound > RE_DUP_MAX
+		    || lower_bound > upper_bound)
+		  {
+		    if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+		      goto unfetch_interval;
+		    else
+		      return REG_BADBR;
+		  }
+
+		if (!(syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES))
+		  {
+		    if (c != '\\') return REG_EBRACE;
+
+		    PATFETCH (c);
+		  }
+
+		if (c != '}')
+		  {
+		    if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+		      goto unfetch_interval;
+		    else
+		      return REG_BADBR;
+		  }
+
+		/* We just parsed a valid interval.  */
+
+		/* If it's invalid to have no preceding re.  */
+		if (!laststart)
+		  {
+		    if (syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS)
+		      return REG_BADRPT;
+		    else if (syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS)
+		      laststart = b;
+		    else
+		      goto unfetch_interval;
+		  }
+
+		/* If the upper bound is zero, don't want to succeed at
+		   all; jump from `laststart' to `b + 3', which will be
+		   the end of the buffer after we insert the jump.  */
+		 if (upper_bound == 0)
+		   {
+		     GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);
+		     INSERT_JUMP (jump, laststart, b + 3);
+		     b += 3;
+		   }
+
+		 /* Otherwise, we have a nontrivial interval.  When
+		    we're all done, the pattern will look like:
+		      set_number_at <jump count> <upper bound>
+		      set_number_at <succeed_n count> <lower bound>
+		      succeed_n <after jump addr> <succeed_n count>
+		      <body of loop>
+		      jump_n <succeed_n addr> <jump count>
+		    (The upper bound and `jump_n' are omitted if
+		    `upper_bound' is 1, though.)  */
+		 else
+		   { /* If the upper bound is > 1, we need to insert
+			more at the end of the loop.  */
+		     unsigned nbytes = 10 + (upper_bound > 1) * 10;
+
+		     GET_BUFFER_SPACE (nbytes);
+
+		     /* Initialize lower bound of the `succeed_n', even
+			though it will be set during matching by its
+			attendant `set_number_at' (inserted next),
+			because `re_compile_fastmap' needs to know.
+			Jump to the `jump_n' we might insert below.  */
+		     INSERT_JUMP2 (succeed_n, laststart,
+				   b + 5 + (upper_bound > 1) * 5,
+				   lower_bound);
+		     b += 5;
+
+		     /* Code to initialize the lower bound.  Insert
+			before the `succeed_n'.  The `5' is the last two
+			bytes of this `set_number_at', plus 3 bytes of
+			the following `succeed_n'.  */
+		     insert_op2 (set_number_at, laststart, 5, lower_bound, b);
+		     b += 5;
+
+		     if (upper_bound > 1)
+		       { /* More than one repetition is allowed, so
+			    append a backward jump to the `succeed_n'
+			    that starts this interval.
+
+			    When we've reached this during matching,
+			    we'll have matched the interval once, so
+			    jump back only `upper_bound - 1' times.  */
+			 STORE_JUMP2 (jump_n, b, laststart + 5,
+				      upper_bound - 1);
+			 b += 5;
+
+			 /* The location we want to set is the second
+			    parameter of the `jump_n'; that is `b-2' as
+			    an absolute address.  `laststart' will be
+			    the `set_number_at' we're about to insert;
+			    `laststart+3' the number to set, the source
+			    for the relative address.  But we are
+			    inserting into the middle of the pattern --
+			    so everything is getting moved up by 5.
+			    Conclusion: (b - 2) - (laststart + 3) + 5,
+			    i.e., b - laststart.
+
+			    We insert this at the beginning of the loop
+			    so that if we fail during matching, we'll
+			    reinitialize the bounds.  */
+			 insert_op2 (set_number_at, laststart, b - laststart,
+				     upper_bound - 1, b);
+			 b += 5;
+		       }
+		   }
+		pending_exact = 0;
+		beg_interval = NULL;
+	      }
+	      break;
+
+	    unfetch_interval:
+	      /* If an invalid interval, match the characters as literals.  */
+	       assert (beg_interval);
+	       p = beg_interval;
+	       beg_interval = NULL;
+
+	       /* normal_char and normal_backslash need `c'.  */
+	       PATFETCH (c);
+
+	       if (!(syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES))
+		 {
+		   if (p > pattern  &&  p[-1] == '\\')
+		     goto normal_backslash;
+		 }
+	       goto normal_char;
+
+#ifdef emacs
+	    /* There is no way to specify the before_dot and after_dot
+	       operators.  rms says this is ok.  --karl  */
+	    case '=':
+	      BUF_PUSH (at_dot);
+	      break;
+
+	    case 's':
+	      laststart = b;
+	      PATFETCH (c);
+	      BUF_PUSH_2 (syntaxspec, syntax_spec_code[c]);
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'S':
+	      laststart = b;
+	      PATFETCH (c);
+	      BUF_PUSH_2 (notsyntaxspec, syntax_spec_code[c]);
+	      break;
+#endif /* emacs */
+
+
+	    case 'w':
+	      laststart = b;
+	      BUF_PUSH (wordchar);
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case 'W':
+	      laststart = b;
+	      BUF_PUSH (notwordchar);
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case '<':
+	      BUF_PUSH (wordbeg);
+	      break;
+
+	    case '>':
+	      BUF_PUSH (wordend);
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'b':
+	      BUF_PUSH (wordbound);
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'B':
+	      BUF_PUSH (notwordbound);
+	      break;
+
+	    case '`':
+	      BUF_PUSH (begbuf);
+	      break;
+
+	    case '\'':
+	      BUF_PUSH (endbuf);
+	      break;
+
+	    case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5':
+	    case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
+	      if (syntax & RE_NO_BK_REFS)
+		goto normal_char;
+
+	      c1 = c - '0';
+
+	      if (c1 > regnum)
+		return REG_ESUBREG;
+
+	      /* Can't back reference to a subexpression if inside of it.  */
+	      if (group_in_compile_stack (compile_stack, c1))
+		goto normal_char;
+
+	      laststart = b;
+	      BUF_PUSH_2 (duplicate, c1);
+	      break;
+
+
+	    case '+':
+	    case '?':
+	      if (syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
+		goto handle_plus;
+	      else
+		goto normal_backslash;
+
+	    default:
+	    normal_backslash:
+	      /* You might think it would be useful for \ to mean
+		 not to translate; but if we don't translate it
+		 it will never match anything.  */
+	      c = TRANSLATE (c);
+	      goto normal_char;
+	    }
+	  break;
+
+
+	default:
+	/* Expects the character in `c'.  */
+	normal_char:
+	      /* If no exactn currently being built.  */
+	  if (!pending_exact
+
+	      /* If last exactn not at current position.  */
+	      || pending_exact + *pending_exact + 1 != b
+
+	      /* We have only one byte following the exactn for the count.  */
+	      || *pending_exact == (1 << BYTEWIDTH) - 1
+
+	      /* If followed by a repetition operator.  */
+	      || *p == '*' || *p == '^'
+	      || ((syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
+		  ? *p == '\\' && (p[1] == '+' || p[1] == '?')
+		  : (*p == '+' || *p == '?'))
+	      || ((syntax & RE_INTERVALS)
+		  && ((syntax & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+		      ? *p == '{'
+		      : (p[0] == '\\' && p[1] == '{'))))
+	    {
+	      /* Start building a new exactn.  */
+
+	      laststart = b;
+
+	      BUF_PUSH_2 (exactn, 0);
+	      pending_exact = b - 1;
+	    }
+
+	  BUF_PUSH (c);
+	  (*pending_exact)++;
+	  break;
+	} /* switch (c) */
+    } /* while p != pend */
+
+
+  /* Through the pattern now.  */
+
+  if (fixup_alt_jump)
+    STORE_JUMP (jump_past_alt, fixup_alt_jump, b);
+
+  if (!COMPILE_STACK_EMPTY)
+    return REG_EPAREN;
+
+  free (compile_stack.stack);
+
+  /* We have succeeded; set the length of the buffer.  */
+  bufp->used = b - bufp->buffer;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  if (debug)
+    {
+      DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\nCompiled pattern: ");
+      print_compiled_pattern (bufp);
+    }
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+  return REG_NOERROR;
+} /* regex_compile */
+
+/* Subroutines for `regex_compile'.  */
+
+/* Store OP at LOC followed by two-byte integer parameter ARG.  */
+
+static void
+store_op1 (op, loc, arg)
+    re_opcode_t op;
+    unsigned char *loc;
+    int arg;
+{
+  *loc = (unsigned char) op;
+  STORE_NUMBER (loc + 1, arg);
+}
+
+
+/* Like `store_op1', but for two two-byte parameters ARG1 and ARG2.  */
+
+static void
+store_op2 (op, loc, arg1, arg2)
+    re_opcode_t op;
+    unsigned char *loc;
+    int arg1, arg2;
+{
+  *loc = (unsigned char) op;
+  STORE_NUMBER (loc + 1, arg1);
+  STORE_NUMBER (loc + 3, arg2);
+}
+
+
+/* Copy the bytes from LOC to END to open up three bytes of space at LOC
+   for OP followed by two-byte integer parameter ARG.  */
+
+static void
+insert_op1 (op, loc, arg, end)
+    re_opcode_t op;
+    unsigned char *loc;
+    int arg;
+    unsigned char *end;
+{
+  register unsigned char *pfrom = end;
+  register unsigned char *pto = end + 3;
+
+  while (pfrom != loc)
+    *--pto = *--pfrom;
+
+  store_op1 (op, loc, arg);
+}
+
+
+/* Like `insert_op1', but for two two-byte parameters ARG1 and ARG2.  */
+
+static void
+insert_op2 (op, loc, arg1, arg2, end)
+    re_opcode_t op;
+    unsigned char *loc;
+    int arg1, arg2;
+    unsigned char *end;
+{
+  register unsigned char *pfrom = end;
+  register unsigned char *pto = end + 5;
+
+  while (pfrom != loc)
+    *--pto = *--pfrom;
+
+  store_op2 (op, loc, arg1, arg2);
+}
+
+
+/* P points to just after a ^ in PATTERN.  Return true if that ^ comes
+   after an alternative or a begin-subexpression.  We assume there is at
+   least one character before the ^.  */
+
+static boolean
+at_begline_loc_p (pattern, p, syntax)
+    const char *pattern, *p;
+    reg_syntax_t syntax;
+{
+  const char *prev = p - 2;
+  boolean prev_prev_backslash = prev > pattern && prev[-1] == '\\';
+
+  return
+       /* After a subexpression?  */
+       (*prev == '(' && (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS || prev_prev_backslash))
+       /* After an alternative?  */
+    || (*prev == '|' && (syntax & RE_NO_BK_VBAR || prev_prev_backslash));
+}
+
+
+/* The dual of at_begline_loc_p.  This one is for $.  We assume there is
+   at least one character after the $, i.e., `P < PEND'.  */
+
+static boolean
+at_endline_loc_p (p, pend, syntax)
+    const char *p, *pend;
+    int syntax;
+{
+  const char *next = p;
+  boolean next_backslash = *next == '\\';
+  const char *next_next = p + 1 < pend ? p + 1 : NULL;
+
+  return
+       /* Before a subexpression?  */
+       (syntax & RE_NO_BK_PARENS ? *next == ')'
+	: next_backslash && next_next && *next_next == ')')
+       /* Before an alternative?  */
+    || (syntax & RE_NO_BK_VBAR ? *next == '|'
+	: next_backslash && next_next && *next_next == '|');
+}
+
+
+/* Returns true if REGNUM is in one of COMPILE_STACK's elements and
+   false if it's not.  */
+
+static boolean
+group_in_compile_stack (compile_stack, regnum)
+    compile_stack_type compile_stack;
+    regnum_t regnum;
+{
+  int this_element;
+
+  for (this_element = compile_stack.avail - 1;
+       this_element >= 0;
+       this_element--)
+    if (compile_stack.stack[this_element].regnum == regnum)
+      return true;
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+/* Read the ending character of a range (in a bracket expression) from the
+   uncompiled pattern *P_PTR (which ends at PEND).  We assume the
+   starting character is in `P[-2]'.  (`P[-1]' is the character `-'.)
+   Then we set the translation of all bits between the starting and
+   ending characters (inclusive) in the compiled pattern B.
+
+   Return an error code.
+
+   We use these short variable names so we can use the same macros as
+   `regex_compile' itself.  */
+
+static reg_errcode_t
+compile_range (p_ptr, pend, translate, syntax, b)
+    const char **p_ptr, *pend;
+    char *translate;
+    reg_syntax_t syntax;
+    unsigned char *b;
+{
+  unsigned this_char;
+
+  const char *p = *p_ptr;
+  int range_start, range_end;
+
+  if (p == pend)
+    return REG_ERANGE;
+
+  /* Even though the pattern is a signed `char *', we need to fetch
+     with unsigned char *'s; if the high bit of the pattern character
+     is set, the range endpoints will be negative if we fetch using a
+     signed char *.
+
+     We also want to fetch the endpoints without translating them; the
+     appropriate translation is done in the bit-setting loop below.  */
+  range_start = ((unsigned char *) p)[-2];
+  range_end   = ((unsigned char *) p)[0];
+
+  /* Have to increment the pointer into the pattern string, so the
+     caller isn't still at the ending character.  */
+  (*p_ptr)++;
+
+  /* If the start is after the end, the range is empty.  */
+  if (range_start > range_end)
+    return syntax & RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES ? REG_ERANGE : REG_NOERROR;
+
+  /* Here we see why `this_char' has to be larger than an `unsigned
+     char' -- the range is inclusive, so if `range_end' == 0xff
+     (assuming 8-bit characters), we would otherwise go into an infinite
+     loop, since all characters <= 0xff.  */
+  for (this_char = range_start; this_char <= range_end; this_char++)
+    {
+      SET_LIST_BIT (TRANSLATE (this_char));
+    }
+
+  return REG_NOERROR;
+}
+
+/* Failure stack declarations and macros; both re_compile_fastmap and
+   re_match_2 use a failure stack.  These have to be macros because of
+   REGEX_ALLOCATE.  */
+
+
+/* Number of failure points for which to initially allocate space
+   when matching.  If this number is exceeded, we allocate more
+   space, so it is not a hard limit.  */
+#ifndef INIT_FAILURE_ALLOC
+#define INIT_FAILURE_ALLOC 5
+#endif
+
+/* Roughly the maximum number of failure points on the stack.  Would be
+   exactly that if always used MAX_FAILURE_SPACE each time we failed.
+   This is a variable only so users of regex can assign to it; we never
+   change it ourselves.  */
+int re_max_failures = 2000;
+
+typedef const unsigned char *fail_stack_elt_t;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  fail_stack_elt_t *stack;
+  unsigned size;
+  unsigned avail;			/* Offset of next open position.  */
+} fail_stack_type;
+
+#define FAIL_STACK_EMPTY()     (fail_stack.avail == 0)
+#define FAIL_STACK_PTR_EMPTY() (fail_stack_ptr->avail == 0)
+#define FAIL_STACK_FULL()      (fail_stack.avail == fail_stack.size)
+#define FAIL_STACK_TOP()       (fail_stack.stack[fail_stack.avail])
+
+
+/* Initialize `fail_stack'.  Do `return -2' if the alloc fails.  */
+
+#define INIT_FAIL_STACK()						\
+  do {									\
+    fail_stack.stack = (fail_stack_elt_t *)				\
+      REGEX_ALLOCATE (INIT_FAILURE_ALLOC * sizeof (fail_stack_elt_t));	\
+									\
+    if (fail_stack.stack == NULL)					\
+      return -2;							\
+									\
+    fail_stack.size = INIT_FAILURE_ALLOC;				\
+    fail_stack.avail = 0;						\
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/* Double the size of FAIL_STACK, up to approximately `re_max_failures' items.
+
+   Return 1 if succeeds, and 0 if either ran out of memory
+   allocating space for it or it was already too large.
+
+   REGEX_REALLOCATE requires `destination' be declared.   */
+
+#define DOUBLE_FAIL_STACK(fail_stack)					\
+  ((fail_stack).size > re_max_failures * MAX_FAILURE_ITEMS		\
+   ? 0									\
+   : ((fail_stack).stack = (fail_stack_elt_t *)				\
+	REGEX_REALLOCATE ((fail_stack).stack, 				\
+	  (fail_stack).size * sizeof (fail_stack_elt_t),		\
+	  ((fail_stack).size << 1) * sizeof (fail_stack_elt_t)),	\
+									\
+      (fail_stack).stack == NULL					\
+      ? 0								\
+      : ((fail_stack).size <<= 1, 					\
+	 1)))
+
+
+/* Push PATTERN_OP on FAIL_STACK.
+
+   Return 1 if was able to do so and 0 if ran out of memory allocating
+   space to do so.  */
+#define PUSH_PATTERN_OP(pattern_op, fail_stack)				\
+  ((FAIL_STACK_FULL ()							\
+    && !DOUBLE_FAIL_STACK (fail_stack))					\
+    ? 0									\
+    : ((fail_stack).stack[(fail_stack).avail++] = pattern_op,		\
+       1))
+
+/* This pushes an item onto the failure stack.  Must be a four-byte
+   value.  Assumes the variable `fail_stack'.  Probably should only
+   be called from within `PUSH_FAILURE_POINT'.  */
+#define PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM(item)						\
+  fail_stack.stack[fail_stack.avail++] = (fail_stack_elt_t) item
+
+/* The complement operation.  Assumes `fail_stack' is nonempty.  */
+#define POP_FAILURE_ITEM() fail_stack.stack[--fail_stack.avail]
+
+/* Used to omit pushing failure point id's when we're not debugging.  */
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#define DEBUG_PUSH PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM
+#define DEBUG_POP(item_addr) *(item_addr) = POP_FAILURE_ITEM ()
+#else
+#define DEBUG_PUSH(item)
+#define DEBUG_POP(item_addr)
+#endif
+
+
+/* Push the information about the state we will need
+   if we ever fail back to it.
+
+   Requires variables fail_stack, regstart, regend, reg_info, and
+   num_regs be declared.  DOUBLE_FAIL_STACK requires `destination' be
+   declared.
+
+   Does `return FAILURE_CODE' if runs out of memory.  */
+
+#define PUSH_FAILURE_POINT(pattern_place, string_place, failure_code)	\
+  do {									\
+    char *destination;							\
+    /* Must be int, so when we don't save any registers, the arithmetic	\
+       of 0 + -1 isn't done as unsigned.  */				\
+    int this_reg;							\
+									\
+    DEBUG_STATEMENT (failure_id++);					\
+    DEBUG_STATEMENT (nfailure_points_pushed++);				\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("\nPUSH_FAILURE_POINT #%u:\n", failure_id);		\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Before push, next avail: %d\n", (fail_stack).avail);\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("                     size: %d\n", (fail_stack).size);\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  slots needed: %d\n", NUM_FAILURE_ITEMS);		\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("     available: %d\n", REMAINING_AVAIL_SLOTS);	\
+									\
+    /* Ensure we have enough space allocated for what we will push.  */	\
+    while (REMAINING_AVAIL_SLOTS < NUM_FAILURE_ITEMS)			\
+      {									\
+	if (!DOUBLE_FAIL_STACK (fail_stack))			\
+	  return failure_code;						\
+									\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("\n  Doubled stack; size now: %d\n",		\
+		       (fail_stack).size);				\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  slots available: %d\n", REMAINING_AVAIL_SLOTS);\
+      }									\
+									\
+    /* Push the info, starting with the registers.  */			\
+    DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\n");						\
+									\
+    for (this_reg = lowest_active_reg; this_reg <= highest_active_reg;	\
+	 this_reg++)							\
+      {									\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing reg: %d\n", this_reg);			\
+	DEBUG_STATEMENT (num_regs_pushed++);				\
+									\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("    start: 0x%x\n", regstart[this_reg]);		\
+	PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (regstart[this_reg]);				\
+									\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("    end: 0x%x\n", regend[this_reg]);		\
+	PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (regend[this_reg]);				\
+									\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 ("    info: 0x%x\n      ", reg_info[this_reg]);	\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 (" match_null=%d",					\
+		      REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[this_reg]));	\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 (" active=%d", IS_ACTIVE (reg_info[this_reg]));	\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 (" matched_something=%d",				\
+		      MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[this_reg]));		\
+	DEBUG_PRINT2 (" ever_matched=%d",				\
+		      EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[this_reg]));	\
+	DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\n");						\
+	PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (reg_info[this_reg].word);			\
+      }									\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing  low active reg: %d\n", lowest_active_reg);\
+    PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (lowest_active_reg);				\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing high active reg: %d\n", highest_active_reg);\
+    PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (highest_active_reg);				\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing pattern 0x%x: ", pattern_place);		\
+    DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN (bufp, pattern_place, pend);		\
+    PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (pattern_place);					\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing string 0x%x: `", string_place);		\
+    DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING (string_place, string1, size1, string2,   \
+				 size2);				\
+    DEBUG_PRINT1 ("'\n");						\
+    PUSH_FAILURE_ITEM (string_place);					\
+									\
+    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Pushing failure id: %u\n", failure_id);		\
+    DEBUG_PUSH (failure_id);						\
+  } while (0)
+
+/* This is the number of items that are pushed and popped on the stack
+   for each register.  */
+#define NUM_REG_ITEMS  3
+
+/* Individual items aside from the registers.  */
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#define NUM_NONREG_ITEMS 5 /* Includes failure point id.  */
+#else
+#define NUM_NONREG_ITEMS 4
+#endif
+
+/* We push at most this many items on the stack.  */
+#define MAX_FAILURE_ITEMS ((num_regs - 1) * NUM_REG_ITEMS + NUM_NONREG_ITEMS)
+
+/* We actually push this many items.  */
+#define NUM_FAILURE_ITEMS						\
+  ((highest_active_reg - lowest_active_reg + 1) * NUM_REG_ITEMS 	\
+    + NUM_NONREG_ITEMS)
+
+/* How many items can still be added to the stack without overflowing it.  */
+#define REMAINING_AVAIL_SLOTS ((fail_stack).size - (fail_stack).avail)
+
+
+/* Pops what PUSH_FAIL_STACK pushes.
+
+   We restore into the parameters, all of which should be lvalues:
+     STR -- the saved data position.
+     PAT -- the saved pattern position.
+     LOW_REG, HIGH_REG -- the highest and lowest active registers.
+     REGSTART, REGEND -- arrays of string positions.
+     REG_INFO -- array of information about each subexpression.
+
+   Also assumes the variables `fail_stack' and (if debugging), `bufp',
+   `pend', `string1', `size1', `string2', and `size2'.  */
+
+#define POP_FAILURE_POINT(str, pat, low_reg, high_reg, regstart, regend, reg_info)\
+{									\
+  DEBUG_STATEMENT (fail_stack_elt_t failure_id;)			\
+  int this_reg;								\
+  const unsigned char *string_temp;					\
+									\
+  assert (!FAIL_STACK_EMPTY ());					\
+									\
+  /* Remove failure points and point to how many regs pushed.  */	\
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("POP_FAILURE_POINT:\n");				\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Before pop, next avail: %d\n", fail_stack.avail);	\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("                    size: %d\n", fail_stack.size);	\
+									\
+  assert (fail_stack.avail >= NUM_NONREG_ITEMS);			\
+									\
+  DEBUG_POP (&failure_id);						\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Popping failure id: %u\n", failure_id);		\
+									\
+  /* If the saved string location is NULL, it came from an		\
+     on_failure_keep_string_jump opcode, and we want to throw away the	\
+     saved NULL, thus retaining our current position in the string.  */	\
+  string_temp = POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();					\
+  if (string_temp != NULL)						\
+    str = (const char *) string_temp;					\
+									\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Popping string 0x%x: `", str);			\
+  DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING (str, string1, size1, string2, size2);	\
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("'\n");							\
+									\
+  pat = (unsigned char *) POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();				\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Popping pattern 0x%x: ", pat);			\
+  DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN (bufp, pat, pend);			\
+									\
+  /* Restore register info.  */						\
+  high_reg = (unsigned) POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();				\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Popping high active reg: %d\n", high_reg);		\
+									\
+  low_reg = (unsigned) POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();				\
+  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Popping  low active reg: %d\n", low_reg);		\
+									\
+  for (this_reg = high_reg; this_reg >= low_reg; this_reg--)		\
+    {									\
+      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("    Popping reg: %d\n", this_reg);			\
+									\
+      reg_info[this_reg].word = POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();			\
+      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("      info: 0x%x\n", reg_info[this_reg]);		\
+									\
+      regend[this_reg] = (const char *) POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();		\
+      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("      end: 0x%x\n", regend[this_reg]);		\
+									\
+      regstart[this_reg] = (const char *) POP_FAILURE_ITEM ();		\
+      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("      start: 0x%x\n", regstart[this_reg]);		\
+    }									\
+									\
+  DEBUG_STATEMENT (nfailure_points_popped++);				\
+} /* POP_FAILURE_POINT */
+
+/* re_compile_fastmap computes a ``fastmap'' for the compiled pattern in
+   BUFP.  A fastmap records which of the (1 << BYTEWIDTH) possible
+   characters can start a string that matches the pattern.  This fastmap
+   is used by re_search to skip quickly over impossible starting points.
+
+   The caller must supply the address of a (1 << BYTEWIDTH)-byte data
+   area as BUFP->fastmap.
+
+   We set the `fastmap', `fastmap_accurate', and `can_be_null' fields in
+   the pattern buffer.
+
+   Returns 0 if we succeed, -2 if an internal error.   */
+
+int
+re_compile_fastmap (bufp)
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+{
+  int j, k;
+  fail_stack_type fail_stack;
+#ifndef REGEX_MALLOC
+  char *destination;
+#endif
+  /* We don't push any register information onto the failure stack.  */
+  unsigned num_regs = 0;
+
+  register char *fastmap = bufp->fastmap;
+  unsigned char *pattern = bufp->buffer;
+  unsigned long size = bufp->used;
+  const unsigned char *p = pattern;
+  register unsigned char *pend = pattern + size;
+
+  /* Assume that each path through the pattern can be null until
+     proven otherwise.  We set this false at the bottom of switch
+     statement, to which we get only if a particular path doesn't
+     match the empty string.  */
+  boolean path_can_be_null = true;
+
+  /* We aren't doing a `succeed_n' to begin with.  */
+  boolean succeed_n_p = false;
+
+  assert (fastmap != NULL && p != NULL);
+
+  INIT_FAIL_STACK ();
+  bzero (fastmap, 1 << BYTEWIDTH);  /* Assume nothing's valid.  */
+  bufp->fastmap_accurate = 1;	    /* It will be when we're done.  */
+  bufp->can_be_null = 0;
+
+  while (p != pend || !FAIL_STACK_EMPTY ())
+    {
+      if (p == pend)
+	{
+	  bufp->can_be_null |= path_can_be_null;
+
+	  /* Reset for next path.  */
+	  path_can_be_null = true;
+
+	  p = fail_stack.stack[--fail_stack.avail];
+	}
+
+      /* We should never be about to go beyond the end of the pattern.  */
+      assert (p < pend);
+
+#ifdef SWITCH_ENUM_BUG
+      switch ((int) ((re_opcode_t) *p++))
+#else
+      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p++)
+#endif
+	{
+
+	/* I guess the idea here is to simply not bother with a fastmap
+	   if a backreference is used, since it's too hard to figure out
+	   the fastmap for the corresponding group.  Setting
+	   `can_be_null' stops `re_search_2' from using the fastmap, so
+	   that is all we do.  */
+	case duplicate:
+	  bufp->can_be_null = 1;
+	  return 0;
+
+
+      /* Following are the cases which match a character.  These end
+	 with `break'.  */
+
+	case exactn:
+	  fastmap[p[1]] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case charset:
+	  for (j = *p++ * BYTEWIDTH - 1; j >= 0; j--)
+	    if (p[j / BYTEWIDTH] & (1 << (j % BYTEWIDTH)))
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case charset_not:
+	  /* Chars beyond end of map must be allowed.  */
+	  for (j = *p * BYTEWIDTH; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    fastmap[j] = 1;
+
+	  for (j = *p++ * BYTEWIDTH - 1; j >= 0; j--)
+	    if (!(p[j / BYTEWIDTH] & (1 << (j % BYTEWIDTH))))
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case wordchar:
+	  for (j = 0; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    if (SYNTAX (j) == Sword)
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case notwordchar:
+	  for (j = 0; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    if (SYNTAX (j) != Sword)
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case anychar:
+	  /* `.' matches anything ...  */
+	  for (j = 0; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    fastmap[j] = 1;
+
+	  /* ... except perhaps newline.  */
+	  if (!(bufp->syntax & RE_DOT_NEWLINE))
+	    fastmap['\n'] = 0;
+
+	  /* Return if we have already set `can_be_null'; if we have,
+	     then the fastmap is irrelevant.  Something's wrong here.  */
+	  else if (bufp->can_be_null)
+	    return 0;
+
+	  /* Otherwise, have to check alternative paths.  */
+	  break;
+
+
+#ifdef emacs
+	case syntaxspec:
+	  k = *p++;
+	  for (j = 0; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    if (SYNTAX (j) == (enum syntaxcode) k)
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case notsyntaxspec:
+	  k = *p++;
+	  for (j = 0; j < (1 << BYTEWIDTH); j++)
+	    if (SYNTAX (j) != (enum syntaxcode) k)
+	      fastmap[j] = 1;
+	  break;
+
+
+      /* All cases after this match the empty string.  These end with
+	 `continue'.  */
+
+
+	case before_dot:
+	case at_dot:
+	case after_dot:
+	  continue;
+#endif /* not emacs */
+
+
+	case no_op:
+	case begline:
+	case endline:
+	case begbuf:
+	case endbuf:
+	case wordbound:
+	case notwordbound:
+	case wordbeg:
+	case wordend:
+	case push_dummy_failure:
+	  continue;
+
+
+	case jump_n:
+	case pop_failure_jump:
+	case maybe_pop_jump:
+	case jump:
+	case jump_past_alt:
+	case dummy_failure_jump:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (j, p);
+	  p += j;
+	  if (j > 0)
+	    continue;
+
+	  /* Jump backward implies we just went through the body of a
+	     loop and matched nothing.  Opcode jumped to should be
+	     `on_failure_jump' or `succeed_n'.  Just treat it like an
+	     ordinary jump.  For a * loop, it has pushed its failure
+	     point already; if so, discard that as redundant.  */
+	  if ((re_opcode_t) *p != on_failure_jump
+	      && (re_opcode_t) *p != succeed_n)
+	    continue;
+
+	  p++;
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (j, p);
+	  p += j;
+
+	  /* If what's on the stack is where we are now, pop it.  */
+	  if (!FAIL_STACK_EMPTY ()
+	      && fail_stack.stack[fail_stack.avail - 1] == p)
+	    fail_stack.avail--;
+
+	  continue;
+
+
+	case on_failure_jump:
+	case on_failure_keep_string_jump:
+	handle_on_failure_jump:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (j, p);
+
+	  /* For some patterns, e.g., `(a?)?', `p+j' here points to the
+	     end of the pattern.  We don't want to push such a point,
+	     since when we restore it above, entering the switch will
+	     increment `p' past the end of the pattern.  We don't need
+	     to push such a point since we obviously won't find any more
+	     fastmap entries beyond `pend'.  Such a pattern can match
+	     the null string, though.  */
+	  if (p + j < pend)
+	    {
+	      if (!PUSH_PATTERN_OP (p + j, fail_stack))
+		return -2;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    bufp->can_be_null = 1;
+
+	  if (succeed_n_p)
+	    {
+	      EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (k, p);	/* Skip the n.  */
+	      succeed_n_p = false;
+	    }
+
+	  continue;
+
+
+	case succeed_n:
+	  /* Get to the number of times to succeed.  */
+	  p += 2;
+
+	  /* Increment p past the n for when k != 0.  */
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (k, p);
+	  if (k == 0)
+	    {
+	      p -= 4;
+	      succeed_n_p = true;  /* Spaghetti code alert.  */
+	      goto handle_on_failure_jump;
+	    }
+	  continue;
+
+
+	case set_number_at:
+	  p += 4;
+	  continue;
+
+
+	case start_memory:
+	case stop_memory:
+	  p += 2;
+	  continue;
+
+
+	default:
+	  abort (); /* We have listed all the cases.  */
+	} /* switch *p++ */
+
+      /* Getting here means we have found the possible starting
+	 characters for one path of the pattern -- and that the empty
+	 string does not match.  We need not follow this path further.
+	 Instead, look at the next alternative (remembered on the
+	 stack), or quit if no more.  The test at the top of the loop
+	 does these things.  */
+      path_can_be_null = false;
+      p = pend;
+    } /* while p */
+
+  /* Set `can_be_null' for the last path (also the first path, if the
+     pattern is empty).  */
+  bufp->can_be_null |= path_can_be_null;
+  return 0;
+} /* re_compile_fastmap */
+
+/* Set REGS to hold NUM_REGS registers, storing them in STARTS and
+   ENDS.  Subsequent matches using PATTERN_BUFFER and REGS will use
+   this memory for recording register information.  STARTS and ENDS
+   must be allocated using the malloc library routine, and must each
+   be at least NUM_REGS * sizeof (regoff_t) bytes long.
+
+   If NUM_REGS == 0, then subsequent matches should allocate their own
+   register data.
+
+   Unless this function is called, the first search or match using
+   PATTERN_BUFFER will allocate its own register data, without
+   freeing the old data.  */
+
+void
+re_set_registers (bufp, regs, num_regs, starts, ends)
+    struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+    struct re_registers *regs;
+    unsigned num_regs;
+    regoff_t *starts, *ends;
+{
+  if (num_regs)
+    {
+      bufp->regs_allocated = REGS_REALLOCATE;
+      regs->num_regs = num_regs;
+      regs->start = starts;
+      regs->end = ends;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      bufp->regs_allocated = REGS_UNALLOCATED;
+      regs->num_regs = 0;
+      regs->start = regs->end = (regoff_t) 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Searching routines.  */
+
+/* Like re_search_2, below, but only one string is specified, and
+   doesn't let you say where to stop matching. */
+
+int
+re_search (bufp, string, size, startpos, range, regs)
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+     const char *string;
+     int size, startpos, range;
+     struct re_registers *regs;
+{
+  return re_search_2 (bufp, NULL, 0, string, size, startpos, range,
+		      regs, size);
+}
+
+
+/* Using the compiled pattern in BUFP->buffer, first tries to match the
+   virtual concatenation of STRING1 and STRING2, starting first at index
+   STARTPOS, then at STARTPOS + 1, and so on.
+
+   STRING1 and STRING2 have length SIZE1 and SIZE2, respectively.
+
+   RANGE is how far to scan while trying to match.  RANGE = 0 means try
+   only at STARTPOS; in general, the last start tried is STARTPOS +
+   RANGE.
+
+   In REGS, return the indices of the virtual concatenation of STRING1
+   and STRING2 that matched the entire BUFP->buffer and its contained
+   subexpressions.
+
+   Do not consider matching one past the index STOP in the virtual
+   concatenation of STRING1 and STRING2.
+
+   We return either the position in the strings at which the match was
+   found, -1 if no match, or -2 if error (such as failure
+   stack overflow).  */
+
+int
+re_search_2 (bufp, string1, size1, string2, size2, startpos, range, regs, stop)
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+     const char *string1, *string2;
+     int size1, size2;
+     int startpos;
+     int range;
+     struct re_registers *regs;
+     int stop;
+{
+  int val;
+  register char *fastmap = bufp->fastmap;
+  register char *translate = bufp->translate;
+  int total_size = size1 + size2;
+  int endpos = startpos + range;
+
+  /* Check for out-of-range STARTPOS.  */
+  if (startpos < 0 || startpos > total_size)
+    return -1;
+
+  /* Fix up RANGE if it might eventually take us outside
+     the virtual concatenation of STRING1 and STRING2.  */
+  if (endpos < -1)
+    range = -1 - startpos;
+  else if (endpos > total_size)
+    range = total_size - startpos;
+
+  /* If the search isn't to be a backwards one, don't waste time in a
+     search for a pattern that must be anchored.  */
+  if (bufp->used > 0 && (re_opcode_t) bufp->buffer[0] == begbuf && range > 0)
+    {
+      if (startpos > 0)
+	return -1;
+      else
+	range = 1;
+    }
+
+  /* Update the fastmap now if not correct already.  */
+  if (fastmap && !bufp->fastmap_accurate)
+    if (re_compile_fastmap (bufp) == -2)
+      return -2;
+
+  /* Loop through the string, looking for a place to start matching.  */
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      /* If a fastmap is supplied, skip quickly over characters that
+	 cannot be the start of a match.  If the pattern can match the
+	 null string, however, we don't need to skip characters; we want
+	 the first null string.  */
+      if (fastmap && startpos < total_size && !bufp->can_be_null)
+	{
+	  if (range > 0)	/* Searching forwards.  */
+	    {
+	      register const char *d;
+	      register int lim = 0;
+	      int irange = range;
+
+	      if (startpos < size1 && startpos + range >= size1)
+		lim = range - (size1 - startpos);
+
+	      d = (startpos >= size1 ? string2 - size1 : string1) + startpos;
+
+	      /* Written out as an if-else to avoid testing `translate'
+		 inside the loop.  */
+	      if (translate)
+		while (range > lim
+		       && !fastmap[(unsigned char)
+				   translate[(unsigned char) *d++]])
+		  range--;
+	      else
+		while (range > lim && !fastmap[(unsigned char) *d++])
+		  range--;
+
+	      startpos += irange - range;
+	    }
+	  else				/* Searching backwards.  */
+	    {
+	      register char c = (size1 == 0 || startpos >= size1
+				 ? string2[startpos - size1]
+				 : string1[startpos]);
+
+	      if (!fastmap[(unsigned char) TRANSLATE (c)])
+		goto advance;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If can't match the null string, and that's all we have left, fail.  */
+      if (range >= 0 && startpos == total_size && fastmap
+	  && !bufp->can_be_null)
+	return -1;
+
+      val = re_match_2 (bufp, string1, size1, string2, size2,
+			startpos, regs, stop);
+      if (val >= 0)
+	return startpos;
+
+      if (val == -2)
+	return -2;
+
+    advance:
+      if (!range)
+	break;
+      else if (range > 0)
+	{
+	  range--;
+	  startpos++;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  range++;
+	  startpos--;
+	}
+    }
+  return -1;
+} /* re_search_2 */
+
+/* Declarations and macros for re_match_2.  */
+
+static int bcmp_translate ();
+static boolean alt_match_null_string_p (),
+	       common_op_match_null_string_p (),
+	       group_match_null_string_p ();
+
+/* Structure for per-register (a.k.a. per-group) information.
+   This must not be longer than one word, because we push this value
+   onto the failure stack.  Other register information, such as the
+   starting and ending positions (which are addresses), and the list of
+   inner groups (which is a bits list) are maintained in separate
+   variables.
+
+   We are making a (strictly speaking) nonportable assumption here: that
+   the compiler will pack our bit fields into something that fits into
+   the type of `word', i.e., is something that fits into one item on the
+   failure stack.  */
+typedef union
+{
+  fail_stack_elt_t word;
+  struct
+  {
+      /* This field is one if this group can match the empty string,
+	 zero if not.  If not yet determined,  `MATCH_NULL_UNSET_VALUE'.  */
+#define MATCH_NULL_UNSET_VALUE 3
+    unsigned match_null_string_p : 2;
+    unsigned is_active : 1;
+    unsigned matched_something : 1;
+    unsigned ever_matched_something : 1;
+  } bits;
+} register_info_type;
+
+#define REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P(R)  ((R).bits.match_null_string_p)
+#define IS_ACTIVE(R)  ((R).bits.is_active)
+#define MATCHED_SOMETHING(R)  ((R).bits.matched_something)
+#define EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING(R)  ((R).bits.ever_matched_something)
+
+
+/* Call this when have matched a real character; it sets `matched' flags
+   for the subexpressions which we are currently inside.  Also records
+   that those subexprs have matched.  */
+#define SET_REGS_MATCHED()						\
+  do									\
+    {									\
+      unsigned r;							\
+      for (r = lowest_active_reg; r <= highest_active_reg; r++)		\
+	{								\
+	  MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[r])				\
+	    = EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[r])			\
+	    = 1;							\
+	}								\
+    }									\
+  while (0)
+
+
+/* This converts PTR, a pointer into one of the search strings `string1'
+   and `string2' into an offset from the beginning of that string.  */
+#define POINTER_TO_OFFSET(ptr)						\
+  (FIRST_STRING_P (ptr) ? (ptr) - string1 : (ptr) - string2 + size1)
+
+/* Registers are set to a sentinel when they haven't yet matched.  */
+#define REG_UNSET_VALUE ((char *) -1)
+#define REG_UNSET(e) ((e) == REG_UNSET_VALUE)
+
+
+/* Macros for dealing with the split strings in re_match_2.  */
+
+#define MATCHING_IN_FIRST_STRING  (dend == end_match_1)
+
+/* Call before fetching a character with *d.  This switches over to
+   string2 if necessary.  */
+#define PREFETCH()							\
+  while (d == dend)						    	\
+    {									\
+      /* End of string2 => fail.  */					\
+      if (dend == end_match_2) 						\
+	goto fail;							\
+      /* End of string1 => advance to string2.  */ 			\
+      d = string2;						        \
+      dend = end_match_2;						\
+    }
+
+
+/* Test if at very beginning or at very end of the virtual concatenation
+   of `string1' and `string2'.  If only one string, it's `string2'.  */
+#define AT_STRINGS_BEG(d) ((d) == (size1 ? string1 : string2) || !size2)
+#define AT_STRINGS_END(d) ((d) == end2)
+
+
+/* Test if D points to a character which is word-constituent.  We have
+   two special cases to check for: if past the end of string1, look at
+   the first character in string2; and if before the beginning of
+   string2, look at the last character in string1.  */
+#define WORDCHAR_P(d)							\
+  (SYNTAX ((d) == end1 ? *string2					\
+	   : (d) == string2 - 1 ? *(end1 - 1) : *(d))			\
+   == Sword)
+
+/* Test if the character before D and the one at D differ with respect
+   to being word-constituent.  */
+#define AT_WORD_BOUNDARY(d)						\
+  (AT_STRINGS_BEG (d) || AT_STRINGS_END (d)				\
+   || WORDCHAR_P (d - 1) != WORDCHAR_P (d))
+
+
+/* Free everything we malloc.  */
+#ifdef REGEX_MALLOC
+#define FREE_VAR(var) if (var) free (var); var = NULL
+#define FREE_VARIABLES()						\
+  do {									\
+    FREE_VAR (fail_stack.stack);					\
+    FREE_VAR (regstart);						\
+    FREE_VAR (regend);							\
+    FREE_VAR (old_regstart);						\
+    FREE_VAR (old_regend);						\
+    FREE_VAR (best_regstart);						\
+    FREE_VAR (best_regend);						\
+    FREE_VAR (reg_info);						\
+    FREE_VAR (reg_dummy);						\
+    FREE_VAR (reg_info_dummy);						\
+  } while (0)
+#else /* not REGEX_MALLOC */
+/* Some MIPS systems (at least) want this to free alloca'd storage.  */
+#define FREE_VARIABLES() alloca (0)
+#endif /* not REGEX_MALLOC */
+
+
+/* These values must meet several constraints.  They must not be valid
+   register values; since we have a limit of 255 registers (because
+   we use only one byte in the pattern for the register number), we can
+   use numbers larger than 255.  They must differ by 1, because of
+   NUM_FAILURE_ITEMS above.  And the value for the lowest register must
+   be larger than the value for the highest register, so we do not try
+   to actually save any registers when none are active.  */
+#define NO_HIGHEST_ACTIVE_REG (1 << BYTEWIDTH)
+#define NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG (NO_HIGHEST_ACTIVE_REG + 1)
+
+/* Matching routines.  */
+
+#ifndef emacs   /* Emacs never uses this.  */
+/* re_match is like re_match_2 except it takes only a single string.  */
+
+int
+re_match (bufp, string, size, pos, regs)
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+     const char *string;
+     int size, pos;
+     struct re_registers *regs;
+ {
+  return re_match_2 (bufp, NULL, 0, string, size, pos, regs, size);
+}
+#endif /* not emacs */
+
+
+/* re_match_2 matches the compiled pattern in BUFP against the
+   the (virtual) concatenation of STRING1 and STRING2 (of length SIZE1
+   and SIZE2, respectively).  We start matching at POS, and stop
+   matching at STOP.
+
+   If REGS is non-null and the `no_sub' field of BUFP is nonzero, we
+   store offsets for the substring each group matched in REGS.  See the
+   documentation for exactly how many groups we fill.
+
+   We return -1 if no match, -2 if an internal error (such as the
+   failure stack overflowing).  Otherwise, we return the length of the
+   matched substring.  */
+
+int
+re_match_2 (bufp, string1, size1, string2, size2, pos, regs, stop)
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+     const char *string1, *string2;
+     int size1, size2;
+     int pos;
+     struct re_registers *regs;
+     int stop;
+{
+  /* General temporaries.  */
+  int mcnt;
+  unsigned char *p1;
+
+  /* Just past the end of the corresponding string.  */
+  const char *end1, *end2;
+
+  /* Pointers into string1 and string2, just past the last characters in
+     each to consider matching.  */
+  const char *end_match_1, *end_match_2;
+
+  /* Where we are in the data, and the end of the current string.  */
+  const char *d, *dend;
+
+  /* Where we are in the pattern, and the end of the pattern.  */
+  unsigned char *p = bufp->buffer;
+  register unsigned char *pend = p + bufp->used;
+
+  /* We use this to map every character in the string.  */
+  char *translate = bufp->translate;
+
+  /* Failure point stack.  Each place that can handle a failure further
+     down the line pushes a failure point on this stack.  It consists of
+     restart, regend, and reg_info for all registers corresponding to
+     the subexpressions we're currently inside, plus the number of such
+     registers, and, finally, two char *'s.  The first char * is where
+     to resume scanning the pattern; the second one is where to resume
+     scanning the strings.  If the latter is zero, the failure point is
+     a ``dummy''; if a failure happens and the failure point is a dummy,
+     it gets discarded and the next next one is tried.  */
+  fail_stack_type fail_stack;
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  static unsigned failure_id = 0;
+  unsigned nfailure_points_pushed = 0, nfailure_points_popped = 0;
+#endif
+
+  /* We fill all the registers internally, independent of what we
+     return, for use in backreferences.  The number here includes
+     an element for register zero.  */
+  unsigned num_regs = bufp->re_nsub + 1;
+
+  /* The currently active registers.  */
+  unsigned lowest_active_reg = NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+  unsigned highest_active_reg = NO_HIGHEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+
+  /* Information on the contents of registers. These are pointers into
+     the input strings; they record just what was matched (on this
+     attempt) by a subexpression part of the pattern, that is, the
+     regnum-th regstart pointer points to where in the pattern we began
+     matching and the regnum-th regend points to right after where we
+     stopped matching the regnum-th subexpression.  (The zeroth register
+     keeps track of what the whole pattern matches.)  */
+  const char **regstart = NULL, **regend = NULL;
+
+  /* If a group that's operated upon by a repetition operator fails to
+     match anything, then the register for its start will need to be
+     restored because it will have been set to wherever in the string we
+     are when we last see its open-group operator.  Similarly for a
+     register's end.  */
+  const char **old_regstart = NULL, **old_regend = NULL;
+
+  /* The is_active field of reg_info helps us keep track of which (possibly
+     nested) subexpressions we are currently in. The matched_something
+     field of reg_info[reg_num] helps us tell whether or not we have
+     matched any of the pattern so far this time through the reg_num-th
+     subexpression.  These two fields get reset each time through any
+     loop their register is in.  */
+  register_info_type *reg_info = NULL;
+
+  /* The following record the register info as found in the above
+     variables when we find a match better than any we've seen before.
+     This happens as we backtrack through the failure points, which in
+     turn happens only if we have not yet matched the entire string. */
+  unsigned best_regs_set = false;
+  const char **best_regstart = NULL, **best_regend = NULL;
+
+  /* Logically, this is `best_regend[0]'.  But we don't want to have to
+     allocate space for that if we're not allocating space for anything
+     else (see below).  Also, we never need info about register 0 for
+     any of the other register vectors, and it seems rather a kludge to
+     treat `best_regend' differently than the rest.  So we keep track of
+     the end of the best match so far in a separate variable.  We
+     initialize this to NULL so that when we backtrack the first time
+     and need to test it, it's not garbage.  */
+  const char *match_end = NULL;
+
+  /* Used when we pop values we don't care about.  */
+  const char **reg_dummy = NULL;
+  register_info_type *reg_info_dummy = NULL;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  /* Counts the total number of registers pushed.  */
+  unsigned num_regs_pushed = 0;
+#endif
+
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\n\nEntering re_match_2.\n");
+
+  INIT_FAIL_STACK ();
+
+  /* Do not bother to initialize all the register variables if there are
+     no groups in the pattern, as it takes a fair amount of time.  If
+     there are groups, we include space for register 0 (the whole
+     pattern), even though we never use it, since it simplifies the
+     array indexing.  We should fix this.  */
+  if (bufp->re_nsub)
+    {
+      regstart = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      regend = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      old_regstart = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      old_regend = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      best_regstart = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      best_regend = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      reg_info = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, register_info_type);
+      reg_dummy = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, const char *);
+      reg_info_dummy = REGEX_TALLOC (num_regs, register_info_type);
+
+      if (!(regstart && regend && old_regstart && old_regend && reg_info
+	    && best_regstart && best_regend && reg_dummy && reg_info_dummy))
+	{
+	  FREE_VARIABLES ();
+	  return -2;
+	}
+    }
+#ifdef REGEX_MALLOC
+  else
+    {
+      /* We must initialize all our variables to NULL, so that
+	 `FREE_VARIABLES' doesn't try to free them.  */
+      regstart = regend = old_regstart = old_regend = best_regstart
+	= best_regend = reg_dummy = NULL;
+      reg_info = reg_info_dummy = (register_info_type *) NULL;
+    }
+#endif /* REGEX_MALLOC */
+
+  /* The starting position is bogus.  */
+  if (pos < 0 || pos > size1 + size2)
+    {
+      FREE_VARIABLES ();
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  /* Initialize subexpression text positions to -1 to mark ones that no
+     start_memory/stop_memory has been seen for. Also initialize the
+     register information struct.  */
+  for (mcnt = 1; mcnt < num_regs; mcnt++)
+    {
+      regstart[mcnt] = regend[mcnt]
+	= old_regstart[mcnt] = old_regend[mcnt] = REG_UNSET_VALUE;
+
+      REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[mcnt]) = MATCH_NULL_UNSET_VALUE;
+      IS_ACTIVE (reg_info[mcnt]) = 0;
+      MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[mcnt]) = 0;
+      EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[mcnt]) = 0;
+    }
+
+  /* We move `string1' into `string2' if the latter's empty -- but not if
+     `string1' is null.  */
+  if (size2 == 0 && string1 != NULL)
+    {
+      string2 = string1;
+      size2 = size1;
+      string1 = 0;
+      size1 = 0;
+    }
+  end1 = string1 + size1;
+  end2 = string2 + size2;
+
+  /* Compute where to stop matching, within the two strings.  */
+  if (stop <= size1)
+    {
+      end_match_1 = string1 + stop;
+      end_match_2 = string2;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      end_match_1 = end1;
+      end_match_2 = string2 + stop - size1;
+    }
+
+  /* `p' scans through the pattern as `d' scans through the data.
+     `dend' is the end of the input string that `d' points within.  `d'
+     is advanced into the following input string whenever necessary, but
+     this happens before fetching; therefore, at the beginning of the
+     loop, `d' can be pointing at the end of a string, but it cannot
+     equal `string2'.  */
+  if (size1 > 0 && pos <= size1)
+    {
+      d = string1 + pos;
+      dend = end_match_1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      d = string2 + pos - size1;
+      dend = end_match_2;
+    }
+
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("The compiled pattern is: ");
+  DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN (bufp, p, pend);
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("The string to match is: `");
+  DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING (d, string1, size1, string2, size2);
+  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("'\n");
+
+  /* This loops over pattern commands.  It exits by returning from the
+     function if the match is complete, or it drops through if the match
+     fails at this starting point in the input data.  */
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("\n0x%x: ", p);
+
+      if (p == pend)
+	{ /* End of pattern means we might have succeeded.  */
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("end of pattern ... ");
+
+	  /* If we haven't matched the entire string, and we want the
+	     longest match, try backtracking.  */
+	  if (d != end_match_2)
+	    {
+	      DEBUG_PRINT1 ("backtracking.\n");
+
+	      if (!FAIL_STACK_EMPTY ())
+		{ /* More failure points to try.  */
+		  boolean same_str_p = (FIRST_STRING_P (match_end)
+					== MATCHING_IN_FIRST_STRING);
+
+		  /* If exceeds best match so far, save it.  */
+		  if (!best_regs_set
+		      || (same_str_p && d > match_end)
+		      || (!same_str_p && !MATCHING_IN_FIRST_STRING))
+		    {
+		      best_regs_set = true;
+		      match_end = d;
+
+		      DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\nSAVING match as best so far.\n");
+
+		      for (mcnt = 1; mcnt < num_regs; mcnt++)
+			{
+			  best_regstart[mcnt] = regstart[mcnt];
+			  best_regend[mcnt] = regend[mcnt];
+			}
+		    }
+		  goto fail;
+		}
+
+	      /* If no failure points, don't restore garbage.  */
+	      else if (best_regs_set)
+		{
+		restore_best_regs:
+		  /* Restore best match.  It may happen that `dend ==
+		     end_match_1' while the restored d is in string2.
+		     For example, the pattern `x.*y.*z' against the
+		     strings `x-' and `y-z-', if the two strings are
+		     not consecutive in memory.  */
+		  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("Restoring best registers.\n");
+
+		  d = match_end;
+		  dend = ((d >= string1 && d <= end1)
+			   ? end_match_1 : end_match_2);
+
+		  for (mcnt = 1; mcnt < num_regs; mcnt++)
+		    {
+		      regstart[mcnt] = best_regstart[mcnt];
+		      regend[mcnt] = best_regend[mcnt];
+		    }
+		}
+	    } /* d != end_match_2 */
+
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("Accepting match.\n");
+
+	  /* If caller wants register contents data back, do it.  */
+	  if (regs && !bufp->no_sub)
+	    {
+	      /* Have the register data arrays been allocated?  */
+	      if (bufp->regs_allocated == REGS_UNALLOCATED)
+		{ /* No.  So allocate them with malloc.  We need one
+		     extra element beyond `num_regs' for the `-1' marker
+		     GNU code uses.  */
+		  regs->num_regs = MAX (RE_NREGS, num_regs + 1);
+		  regs->start = TALLOC (regs->num_regs, regoff_t);
+		  regs->end = TALLOC (regs->num_regs, regoff_t);
+		  if (regs->start == NULL || regs->end == NULL)
+		    return -2;
+		  bufp->regs_allocated = REGS_REALLOCATE;
+		}
+	      else if (bufp->regs_allocated == REGS_REALLOCATE)
+		{ /* Yes.  If we need more elements than were already
+		     allocated, reallocate them.  If we need fewer, just
+		     leave it alone.  */
+		  if (regs->num_regs < num_regs + 1)
+		    {
+		      regs->num_regs = num_regs + 1;
+		      RETALLOC (regs->start, regs->num_regs, regoff_t);
+		      RETALLOC (regs->end, regs->num_regs, regoff_t);
+		      if (regs->start == NULL || regs->end == NULL)
+			return -2;
+		    }
+		}
+	      else
+		assert (bufp->regs_allocated == REGS_FIXED);
+
+	      /* Convert the pointer data in `regstart' and `regend' to
+		 indices.  Register zero has to be set differently,
+		 since we haven't kept track of any info for it.  */
+	      if (regs->num_regs > 0)
+		{
+		  regs->start[0] = pos;
+		  regs->end[0] = (MATCHING_IN_FIRST_STRING ? d - string1
+				  : d - string2 + size1);
+		}
+
+	      /* Go through the first `min (num_regs, regs->num_regs)'
+		 registers, since that is all we initialized.  */
+	      for (mcnt = 1; mcnt < MIN (num_regs, regs->num_regs); mcnt++)
+		{
+		  if (REG_UNSET (regstart[mcnt]) || REG_UNSET (regend[mcnt]))
+		    regs->start[mcnt] = regs->end[mcnt] = -1;
+		  else
+		    {
+		      regs->start[mcnt] = POINTER_TO_OFFSET (regstart[mcnt]);
+		      regs->end[mcnt] = POINTER_TO_OFFSET (regend[mcnt]);
+		    }
+		}
+
+	      /* If the regs structure we return has more elements than
+		 were in the pattern, set the extra elements to -1.  If
+		 we (re)allocated the registers, this is the case,
+		 because we always allocate enough to have at least one
+		 -1 at the end.  */
+	      for (mcnt = num_regs; mcnt < regs->num_regs; mcnt++)
+		regs->start[mcnt] = regs->end[mcnt] = -1;
+	    } /* regs && !bufp->no_sub */
+
+	  FREE_VARIABLES ();
+	  DEBUG_PRINT4 ("%u failure points pushed, %u popped (%u remain).\n",
+			nfailure_points_pushed, nfailure_points_popped,
+			nfailure_points_pushed - nfailure_points_popped);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("%u registers pushed.\n", num_regs_pushed);
+
+	  mcnt = d - pos - (MATCHING_IN_FIRST_STRING
+			    ? string1
+			    : string2 - size1);
+
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("Returning %d from re_match_2.\n", mcnt);
+
+	  return mcnt;
+	}
+
+      /* Otherwise match next pattern command.  */
+#ifdef SWITCH_ENUM_BUG
+      switch ((int) ((re_opcode_t) *p++))
+#else
+      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p++)
+#endif
+	{
+	/* Ignore these.  Used to ignore the n of succeed_n's which
+	   currently have n == 0.  */
+	case no_op:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING no_op.\n");
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* Match the next n pattern characters exactly.  The following
+	   byte in the pattern defines n, and the n bytes after that
+	   are the characters to match.  */
+	case exactn:
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING exactn %d.\n", mcnt);
+
+	  /* This is written out as an if-else so we don't waste time
+	     testing `translate' inside the loop.  */
+	  if (translate)
+	    {
+	      do
+		{
+		  PREFETCH ();
+		  if (translate[(unsigned char) *d++] != (char) *p++)
+		    goto fail;
+		}
+	      while (--mcnt);
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      do
+		{
+		  PREFETCH ();
+		  if (*d++ != (char) *p++) goto fail;
+		}
+	      while (--mcnt);
+	    }
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* Match any character except possibly a newline or a null.  */
+	case anychar:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING anychar.\n");
+
+	  PREFETCH ();
+
+	  if ((!(bufp->syntax & RE_DOT_NEWLINE) && TRANSLATE (*d) == '\n')
+	      || (bufp->syntax & RE_DOT_NOT_NULL && TRANSLATE (*d) == '\000'))
+	    goto fail;
+
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Matched `%d'.\n", *d);
+	  d++;
+	  break;
+
+
+	case charset:
+	case charset_not:
+	  {
+	    register unsigned char c;
+	    boolean not = (re_opcode_t) *(p - 1) == charset_not;
+
+	    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING charset%s.\n", not ? "_not" : "");
+
+	    PREFETCH ();
+	    c = TRANSLATE (*d); /* The character to match.  */
+
+	    /* Cast to `unsigned' instead of `unsigned char' in case the
+	       bit list is a full 32 bytes long.  */
+	    if (c < (unsigned) (*p * BYTEWIDTH)
+		&& p[1 + c / BYTEWIDTH] & (1 << (c % BYTEWIDTH)))
+	      not = !not;
+
+	    p += 1 + *p;
+
+	    if (!not) goto fail;
+
+	    SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	    d++;
+	    break;
+	  }
+
+
+	/* The beginning of a group is represented by start_memory.
+	   The arguments are the register number in the next byte, and the
+	   number of groups inner to this one in the next.  The text
+	   matched within the group is recorded (in the internal
+	   registers data structure) under the register number.  */
+	case start_memory:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT3 ("EXECUTING start_memory %d (%d):\n", *p, p[1]);
+
+	  /* Find out if this group can match the empty string.  */
+	  p1 = p;		/* To send to group_match_null_string_p.  */
+
+	  if (REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[*p]) == MATCH_NULL_UNSET_VALUE)
+	    REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[*p])
+	      = group_match_null_string_p (&p1, pend, reg_info);
+
+	  /* Save the position in the string where we were the last time
+	     we were at this open-group operator in case the group is
+	     operated upon by a repetition operator, e.g., with `(a*)*b'
+	     against `ab'; then we want to ignore where we are now in
+	     the string in case this attempt to match fails.  */
+	  old_regstart[*p] = REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[*p])
+			     ? REG_UNSET (regstart[*p]) ? d : regstart[*p]
+			     : regstart[*p];
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  old_regstart: %d\n",
+			 POINTER_TO_OFFSET (old_regstart[*p]));
+
+	  regstart[*p] = d;
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  regstart: %d\n", POINTER_TO_OFFSET (regstart[*p]));
+
+	  IS_ACTIVE (reg_info[*p]) = 1;
+	  MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[*p]) = 0;
+
+	  /* This is the new highest active register.  */
+	  highest_active_reg = *p;
+
+	  /* If nothing was active before, this is the new lowest active
+	     register.  */
+	  if (lowest_active_reg == NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG)
+	    lowest_active_reg = *p;
+
+	  /* Move past the register number and inner group count.  */
+	  p += 2;
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* The stop_memory opcode represents the end of a group.  Its
+	   arguments are the same as start_memory's: the register
+	   number, and the number of inner groups.  */
+	case stop_memory:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT3 ("EXECUTING stop_memory %d (%d):\n", *p, p[1]);
+
+	  /* We need to save the string position the last time we were at
+	     this close-group operator in case the group is operated
+	     upon by a repetition operator, e.g., with `((a*)*(b*)*)*'
+	     against `aba'; then we want to ignore where we are now in
+	     the string in case this attempt to match fails.  */
+	  old_regend[*p] = REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[*p])
+			   ? REG_UNSET (regend[*p]) ? d : regend[*p]
+			   : regend[*p];
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("      old_regend: %d\n",
+			 POINTER_TO_OFFSET (old_regend[*p]));
+
+	  regend[*p] = d;
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("      regend: %d\n", POINTER_TO_OFFSET (regend[*p]));
+
+	  /* This register isn't active anymore.  */
+	  IS_ACTIVE (reg_info[*p]) = 0;
+
+	  /* If this was the only register active, nothing is active
+	     anymore.  */
+	  if (lowest_active_reg == highest_active_reg)
+	    {
+	      lowest_active_reg = NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+	      highest_active_reg = NO_HIGHEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    { /* We must scan for the new highest active register, since
+		 it isn't necessarily one less than now: consider
+		 (a(b)c(d(e)f)g).  When group 3 ends, after the f), the
+		 new highest active register is 1.  */
+	      unsigned char r = *p - 1;
+	      while (r > 0 && !IS_ACTIVE (reg_info[r]))
+		r--;
+
+	      /* If we end up at register zero, that means that we saved
+		 the registers as the result of an `on_failure_jump', not
+		 a `start_memory', and we jumped to past the innermost
+		 `stop_memory'.  For example, in ((.)*) we save
+		 registers 1 and 2 as a result of the *, but when we pop
+		 back to the second ), we are at the stop_memory 1.
+		 Thus, nothing is active.  */
+	      if (r == 0)
+		{
+		  lowest_active_reg = NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+		  highest_active_reg = NO_HIGHEST_ACTIVE_REG;
+		}
+	      else
+		highest_active_reg = r;
+	    }
+
+	  /* If just failed to match something this time around with a
+	     group that's operated on by a repetition operator, try to
+	     force exit from the ``loop'', and restore the register
+	     information for this group that we had before trying this
+	     last match.  */
+	  if ((!MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[*p])
+	       || (re_opcode_t) p[-3] == start_memory)
+	      && (p + 2) < pend)
+	    {
+	      boolean is_a_jump_n = false;
+
+	      p1 = p + 2;
+	      mcnt = 0;
+	      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p1++)
+		{
+		  case jump_n:
+		    is_a_jump_n = true;
+		  case pop_failure_jump:
+		  case maybe_pop_jump:
+		  case jump:
+		  case dummy_failure_jump:
+		    EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+		    if (is_a_jump_n)
+		      p1 += 2;
+		    break;
+
+		  default:
+		    /* do nothing */ ;
+		}
+	      p1 += mcnt;
+
+	      /* If the next operation is a jump backwards in the pattern
+		 to an on_failure_jump right before the start_memory
+		 corresponding to this stop_memory, exit from the loop
+		 by forcing a failure after pushing on the stack the
+		 on_failure_jump's jump in the pattern, and d.  */
+	      if (mcnt < 0 && (re_opcode_t) *p1 == on_failure_jump
+		  && (re_opcode_t) p1[3] == start_memory && p1[4] == *p)
+		{
+		  /* If this group ever matched anything, then restore
+		     what its registers were before trying this last
+		     failed match, e.g., with `(a*)*b' against `ab' for
+		     regstart[1], and, e.g., with `((a*)*(b*)*)*'
+		     against `aba' for regend[3].
+
+		     Also restore the registers for inner groups for,
+		     e.g., `((a*)(b*))*' against `aba' (register 3 would
+		     otherwise get trashed).  */
+
+		  if (EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[*p]))
+		    {
+		      unsigned r;
+
+		      EVER_MATCHED_SOMETHING (reg_info[*p]) = 0;
+
+		      /* Restore this and inner groups' (if any) registers.  */
+		      for (r = *p; r < *p + *(p + 1); r++)
+			{
+			  regstart[r] = old_regstart[r];
+
+			  /* xx why this test?  */
+			  if ((int) old_regend[r] >= (int) regstart[r])
+			    regend[r] = old_regend[r];
+			}
+		    }
+		  p1++;
+		  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+		  PUSH_FAILURE_POINT (p1 + mcnt, d, -2);
+
+		  goto fail;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  /* Move past the register number and the inner group count.  */
+	  p += 2;
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* \<digit> has been turned into a `duplicate' command which is
+	   followed by the numeric value of <digit> as the register number.  */
+	case duplicate:
+	  {
+	    register const char *d2, *dend2;
+	    int regno = *p++;   /* Get which register to match against.  */
+	    DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING duplicate %d.\n", regno);
+
+	    /* Can't back reference a group which we've never matched.  */
+	    if (REG_UNSET (regstart[regno]) || REG_UNSET (regend[regno]))
+	      goto fail;
+
+	    /* Where in input to try to start matching.  */
+	    d2 = regstart[regno];
+
+	    /* Where to stop matching; if both the place to start and
+	       the place to stop matching are in the same string, then
+	       set to the place to stop, otherwise, for now have to use
+	       the end of the first string.  */
+
+	    dend2 = ((FIRST_STRING_P (regstart[regno])
+		      == FIRST_STRING_P (regend[regno]))
+		     ? regend[regno] : end_match_1);
+	    for (;;)
+	      {
+		/* If necessary, advance to next segment in register
+		   contents.  */
+		while (d2 == dend2)
+		  {
+		    if (dend2 == end_match_2) break;
+		    if (dend2 == regend[regno]) break;
+
+		    /* End of string1 => advance to string2. */
+		    d2 = string2;
+		    dend2 = regend[regno];
+		  }
+		/* At end of register contents => success */
+		if (d2 == dend2) break;
+
+		/* If necessary, advance to next segment in data.  */
+		PREFETCH ();
+
+		/* How many characters left in this segment to match.  */
+		mcnt = dend - d;
+
+		/* Want how many consecutive characters we can match in
+		   one shot, so, if necessary, adjust the count.  */
+		if (mcnt > dend2 - d2)
+		  mcnt = dend2 - d2;
+
+		/* Compare that many; failure if mismatch, else move
+		   past them.  */
+		if (translate
+		    ? bcmp_translate (d, d2, mcnt, translate)
+		    : bcmp (d, d2, mcnt))
+		  goto fail;
+		d += mcnt, d2 += mcnt;
+	      }
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* begline matches the empty string at the beginning of the string
+	   (unless `not_bol' is set in `bufp'), and, if
+	   `newline_anchor' is set, after newlines.  */
+	case begline:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING begline.\n");
+
+	  if (AT_STRINGS_BEG (d))
+	    {
+	      if (!bufp->not_bol) break;
+	    }
+	  else if (d[-1] == '\n' && bufp->newline_anchor)
+	    {
+	      break;
+	    }
+	  /* In all other cases, we fail.  */
+	  goto fail;
+
+
+	/* endline is the dual of begline.  */
+	case endline:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING endline.\n");
+
+	  if (AT_STRINGS_END (d))
+	    {
+	      if (!bufp->not_eol) break;
+	    }
+
+	  /* We have to ``prefetch'' the next character.  */
+	  else if ((d == end1 ? *string2 : *d) == '\n'
+		   && bufp->newline_anchor)
+	    {
+	      break;
+	    }
+	  goto fail;
+
+
+	/* Match at the very beginning of the data.  */
+	case begbuf:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING begbuf.\n");
+	  if (AT_STRINGS_BEG (d))
+	    break;
+	  goto fail;
+
+
+	/* Match at the very end of the data.  */
+	case endbuf:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING endbuf.\n");
+	  if (AT_STRINGS_END (d))
+	    break;
+	  goto fail;
+
+
+	/* on_failure_keep_string_jump is used to optimize `.*\n'.  It
+	   pushes NULL as the value for the string on the stack.  Then
+	   `pop_failure_point' will keep the current value for the
+	   string, instead of restoring it.  To see why, consider
+	   matching `foo\nbar' against `.*\n'.  The .* matches the foo;
+	   then the . fails against the \n.  But the next thing we want
+	   to do is match the \n against the \n; if we restored the
+	   string value, we would be back at the foo.
+
+	   Because this is used only in specific cases, we don't need to
+	   check all the things that `on_failure_jump' does, to make
+	   sure the right things get saved on the stack.  Hence we don't
+	   share its code.  The only reason to push anything on the
+	   stack at all is that otherwise we would have to change
+	   `anychar's code to do something besides goto fail in this
+	   case; that seems worse than this.  */
+	case on_failure_keep_string_jump:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING on_failure_keep_string_jump");
+
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT3 (" %d (to 0x%x):\n", mcnt, p + mcnt);
+
+	  PUSH_FAILURE_POINT (p + mcnt, NULL, -2);
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* Uses of on_failure_jump:
+
+	   Each alternative starts with an on_failure_jump that points
+	   to the beginning of the next alternative.  Each alternative
+	   except the last ends with a jump that in effect jumps past
+	   the rest of the alternatives.  (They really jump to the
+	   ending jump of the following alternative, because tensioning
+	   these jumps is a hassle.)
+
+	   Repeats start with an on_failure_jump that points past both
+	   the repetition text and either the following jump or
+	   pop_failure_jump back to this on_failure_jump.  */
+	case on_failure_jump:
+	on_failure:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING on_failure_jump");
+
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT3 (" %d (to 0x%x)", mcnt, p + mcnt);
+
+	  /* If this on_failure_jump comes right before a group (i.e.,
+	     the original * applied to a group), save the information
+	     for that group and all inner ones, so that if we fail back
+	     to this point, the group's information will be correct.
+	     For example, in \(a*\)*\1, we need the preceding group,
+	     and in \(\(a*\)b*\)\2, we need the inner group.  */
+
+	  /* We can't use `p' to check ahead because we push
+	     a failure point to `p + mcnt' after we do this.  */
+	  p1 = p;
+
+	  /* We need to skip no_op's before we look for the
+	     start_memory in case this on_failure_jump is happening as
+	     the result of a completed succeed_n, as in \(a\)\{1,3\}b\1
+	     against aba.  */
+	  while (p1 < pend && (re_opcode_t) *p1 == no_op)
+	    p1++;
+
+	  if (p1 < pend && (re_opcode_t) *p1 == start_memory)
+	    {
+	      /* We have a new highest active register now.  This will
+		 get reset at the start_memory we are about to get to,
+		 but we will have saved all the registers relevant to
+		 this repetition op, as described above.  */
+	      highest_active_reg = *(p1 + 1) + *(p1 + 2);
+	      if (lowest_active_reg == NO_LOWEST_ACTIVE_REG)
+		lowest_active_reg = *(p1 + 1);
+	    }
+
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 (":\n");
+	  PUSH_FAILURE_POINT (p + mcnt, d, -2);
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* A smart repeat ends with `maybe_pop_jump'.
+	   We change it to either `pop_failure_jump' or `jump'.  */
+	case maybe_pop_jump:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING maybe_pop_jump %d.\n", mcnt);
+	  {
+	    register unsigned char *p2 = p;
+
+	    /* Compare the beginning of the repeat with what in the
+	       pattern follows its end. If we can establish that there
+	       is nothing that they would both match, i.e., that we
+	       would have to backtrack because of (as in, e.g., `a*a')
+	       then we can change to pop_failure_jump, because we'll
+	       never have to backtrack.
+
+	       This is not true in the case of alternatives: in
+	       `(a|ab)*' we do need to backtrack to the `ab' alternative
+	       (e.g., if the string was `ab').  But instead of trying to
+	       detect that here, the alternative has put on a dummy
+	       failure point which is what we will end up popping.  */
+
+	    /* Skip over open/close-group commands.  */
+	    while (p2 + 2 < pend
+		   && ((re_opcode_t) *p2 == stop_memory
+		       || (re_opcode_t) *p2 == start_memory))
+	      p2 += 3;			/* Skip over args, too.  */
+
+	    /* If we're at the end of the pattern, we can change.  */
+	    if (p2 == pend)
+	      {
+		/* Consider what happens when matching ":\(.*\)"
+		   against ":/".  I don't really understand this code
+		   yet.  */
+		p[-3] = (unsigned char) pop_failure_jump;
+		DEBUG_PRINT1
+		  ("  End of pattern: change to `pop_failure_jump'.\n");
+	      }
+
+	    else if ((re_opcode_t) *p2 == exactn
+		     || (bufp->newline_anchor && (re_opcode_t) *p2 == endline))
+	      {
+		register unsigned char c
+		  = *p2 == (unsigned char) endline ? '\n' : p2[2];
+		p1 = p + mcnt;
+
+		/* p1[0] ... p1[2] are the `on_failure_jump' corresponding
+		   to the `maybe_finalize_jump' of this case.  Examine what
+		   follows.  */
+		if ((re_opcode_t) p1[3] == exactn && p1[5] != c)
+		  {
+		    p[-3] = (unsigned char) pop_failure_jump;
+		    DEBUG_PRINT3 ("  %c != %c => pop_failure_jump.\n",
+				  c, p1[5]);
+		  }
+
+		else if ((re_opcode_t) p1[3] == charset
+			 || (re_opcode_t) p1[3] == charset_not)
+		  {
+		    int not = (re_opcode_t) p1[3] == charset_not;
+
+		    if (c < (unsigned char) (p1[4] * BYTEWIDTH)
+			&& p1[5 + c / BYTEWIDTH] & (1 << (c % BYTEWIDTH)))
+		      not = !not;
+
+		    /* `not' is equal to 1 if c would match, which means
+			that we can't change to pop_failure_jump.  */
+		    if (!not)
+		      {
+			p[-3] = (unsigned char) pop_failure_jump;
+			DEBUG_PRINT1 ("  No match => pop_failure_jump.\n");
+		      }
+		  }
+	      }
+	  }
+	  p -= 2;		/* Point at relative address again.  */
+	  if ((re_opcode_t) p[-1] != pop_failure_jump)
+	    {
+	      p[-1] = (unsigned char) jump;
+	      DEBUG_PRINT1 ("  Match => jump.\n");
+	      goto unconditional_jump;
+	    }
+	/* Note fall through.  */
+
+
+	/* The end of a simple repeat has a pop_failure_jump back to
+	   its matching on_failure_jump, where the latter will push a
+	   failure point.  The pop_failure_jump takes off failure
+	   points put on by this pop_failure_jump's matching
+	   on_failure_jump; we got through the pattern to here from the
+	   matching on_failure_jump, so didn't fail.  */
+	case pop_failure_jump:
+	  {
+	    /* We need to pass separate storage for the lowest and
+	       highest registers, even though we don't care about the
+	       actual values.  Otherwise, we will restore only one
+	       register from the stack, since lowest will == highest in
+	       `pop_failure_point'.  */
+	    unsigned dummy_low_reg, dummy_high_reg;
+	    unsigned char *pdummy;
+	    const char *sdummy;
+
+	    DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING pop_failure_jump.\n");
+	    POP_FAILURE_POINT (sdummy, pdummy,
+			       dummy_low_reg, dummy_high_reg,
+			       reg_dummy, reg_dummy, reg_info_dummy);
+	  }
+	  /* Note fall through.  */
+
+
+	/* Unconditionally jump (without popping any failure points).  */
+	case jump:
+	unconditional_jump:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);	/* Get the amount to jump.  */
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING jump %d ", mcnt);
+	  p += mcnt;				/* Do the jump.  */
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("(to 0x%x).\n", p);
+	  break;
+
+
+	/* We need this opcode so we can detect where alternatives end
+	   in `group_match_null_string_p' et al.  */
+	case jump_past_alt:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING jump_past_alt.\n");
+	  goto unconditional_jump;
+
+
+	/* Normally, the on_failure_jump pushes a failure point, which
+	   then gets popped at pop_failure_jump.  We will end up at
+	   pop_failure_jump, also, and with a pattern of, say, `a+', we
+	   are skipping over the on_failure_jump, so we have to push
+	   something meaningless for pop_failure_jump to pop.  */
+	case dummy_failure_jump:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING dummy_failure_jump.\n");
+	  /* It doesn't matter what we push for the string here.  What
+	     the code at `fail' tests is the value for the pattern.  */
+	  PUSH_FAILURE_POINT (0, 0, -2);
+	  goto unconditional_jump;
+
+
+	/* At the end of an alternative, we need to push a dummy failure
+	   point in case we are followed by a `pop_failure_jump', because
+	   we don't want the failure point for the alternative to be
+	   popped.  For example, matching `(a|ab)*' against `aab'
+	   requires that we match the `ab' alternative.  */
+	case push_dummy_failure:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING push_dummy_failure.\n");
+	  /* See comments just above at `dummy_failure_jump' about the
+	     two zeroes.  */
+	  PUSH_FAILURE_POINT (0, 0, -2);
+	  break;
+
+	/* Have to succeed matching what follows at least n times.
+	   After that, handle like `on_failure_jump'.  */
+	case succeed_n:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER (mcnt, p + 2);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING succeed_n %d.\n", mcnt);
+
+	  assert (mcnt >= 0);
+	  /* Originally, this is how many times we HAVE to succeed.  */
+	  if (mcnt > 0)
+	    {
+	       mcnt--;
+	       p += 2;
+	       STORE_NUMBER_AND_INCR (p, mcnt);
+	       DEBUG_PRINT3 ("  Setting 0x%x to %d.\n", p, mcnt);
+	    }
+	  else if (mcnt == 0)
+	    {
+	      DEBUG_PRINT2 ("  Setting two bytes from 0x%x to no_op.\n", p+2);
+	      p[2] = (unsigned char) no_op;
+	      p[3] = (unsigned char) no_op;
+	      goto on_failure;
+	    }
+	  break;
+
+	case jump_n:
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER (mcnt, p + 2);
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING jump_n %d.\n", mcnt);
+
+	  /* Originally, this is how many times we CAN jump.  */
+	  if (mcnt)
+	    {
+	       mcnt--;
+	       STORE_NUMBER (p + 2, mcnt);
+	       goto unconditional_jump;
+	    }
+	  /* If don't have to jump any more, skip over the rest of command.  */
+	  else
+	    p += 4;
+	  break;
+
+	case set_number_at:
+	  {
+	    DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING set_number_at.\n");
+
+	    EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);
+	    p1 = p + mcnt;
+	    EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p);
+	    DEBUG_PRINT3 ("  Setting 0x%x to %d.\n", p1, mcnt);
+	    STORE_NUMBER (p1, mcnt);
+	    break;
+	  }
+
+	case wordbound:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING wordbound.\n");
+	  if (AT_WORD_BOUNDARY (d))
+	    break;
+	  goto fail;
+
+	case notwordbound:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING notwordbound.\n");
+	  if (AT_WORD_BOUNDARY (d))
+	    goto fail;
+	  break;
+
+	case wordbeg:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING wordbeg.\n");
+	  if (WORDCHAR_P (d) && (AT_STRINGS_BEG (d) || !WORDCHAR_P (d - 1)))
+	    break;
+	  goto fail;
+
+	case wordend:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING wordend.\n");
+	  if (!AT_STRINGS_BEG (d) && WORDCHAR_P (d - 1)
+	      && (!WORDCHAR_P (d) || AT_STRINGS_END (d)))
+	    break;
+	  goto fail;
+
+#ifdef emacs
+#ifdef emacs19
+	case before_dot:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING before_dot.\n");
+	  if (PTR_CHAR_POS ((unsigned char *) d) >= point)
+	    goto fail;
+	  break;
+
+	case at_dot:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING at_dot.\n");
+	  if (PTR_CHAR_POS ((unsigned char *) d) != point)
+	    goto fail;
+	  break;
+
+	case after_dot:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING after_dot.\n");
+	  if (PTR_CHAR_POS ((unsigned char *) d) <= point)
+	    goto fail;
+	  break;
+#else /* not emacs19 */
+	case at_dot:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING at_dot.\n");
+	  if (PTR_CHAR_POS ((unsigned char *) d) + 1 != point)
+	    goto fail;
+	  break;
+#endif /* not emacs19 */
+
+	case syntaxspec:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING syntaxspec %d.\n", mcnt);
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  goto matchsyntax;
+
+	case wordchar:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING Emacs wordchar.\n");
+	  mcnt = (int) Sword;
+	matchsyntax:
+	  PREFETCH ();
+	  if (SYNTAX (*d++) != (enum syntaxcode) mcnt)
+	    goto fail;
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  break;
+
+	case notsyntaxspec:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT2 ("EXECUTING notsyntaxspec %d.\n", mcnt);
+	  mcnt = *p++;
+	  goto matchnotsyntax;
+
+	case notwordchar:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING Emacs notwordchar.\n");
+	  mcnt = (int) Sword;
+	matchnotsyntax:
+	  PREFETCH ();
+	  if (SYNTAX (*d++) == (enum syntaxcode) mcnt)
+	    goto fail;
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  break;
+
+#else /* not emacs */
+	case wordchar:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING non-Emacs wordchar.\n");
+	  PREFETCH ();
+	  if (!WORDCHAR_P (d))
+	    goto fail;
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  d++;
+	  break;
+
+	case notwordchar:
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("EXECUTING non-Emacs notwordchar.\n");
+	  PREFETCH ();
+	  if (WORDCHAR_P (d))
+	    goto fail;
+	  SET_REGS_MATCHED ();
+	  d++;
+	  break;
+#endif /* not emacs */
+
+	default:
+	  abort ();
+	}
+      continue;  /* Successfully executed one pattern command; keep going.  */
+
+
+    /* We goto here if a matching operation fails. */
+    fail:
+      if (!FAIL_STACK_EMPTY ())
+	{ /* A restart point is known.  Restore to that state.  */
+	  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\nFAIL:\n");
+	  POP_FAILURE_POINT (d, p,
+			     lowest_active_reg, highest_active_reg,
+			     regstart, regend, reg_info);
+
+	  /* If this failure point is a dummy, try the next one.  */
+	  if (!p)
+	    goto fail;
+
+	  /* If we failed to the end of the pattern, don't examine *p.  */
+	  assert (p <= pend);
+	  if (p < pend)
+	    {
+	      boolean is_a_jump_n = false;
+
+	      /* If failed to a backwards jump that's part of a repetition
+		 loop, need to pop this failure point and use the next one.  */
+	      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p)
+		{
+		case jump_n:
+		  is_a_jump_n = true;
+		case maybe_pop_jump:
+		case pop_failure_jump:
+		case jump:
+		  p1 = p + 1;
+		  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+		  p1 += mcnt;
+
+		  if ((is_a_jump_n && (re_opcode_t) *p1 == succeed_n)
+		      || (!is_a_jump_n
+			  && (re_opcode_t) *p1 == on_failure_jump))
+		    goto fail;
+		  break;
+		default:
+		  /* do nothing */ ;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  if (d >= string1 && d <= end1)
+	    dend = end_match_1;
+	}
+      else
+	break;   /* Matching at this starting point really fails.  */
+    } /* for (;;) */
+
+  if (best_regs_set)
+    goto restore_best_regs;
+
+  FREE_VARIABLES ();
+
+  return -1;         			/* Failure to match.  */
+} /* re_match_2 */
+
+/* Subroutine definitions for re_match_2.  */
+
+
+/* We are passed P pointing to a register number after a start_memory.
+
+   Return true if the pattern up to the corresponding stop_memory can
+   match the empty string, and false otherwise.
+
+   If we find the matching stop_memory, sets P to point to one past its number.
+   Otherwise, sets P to an undefined byte less than or equal to END.
+
+   We don't handle duplicates properly (yet).  */
+
+static boolean
+group_match_null_string_p (p, end, reg_info)
+    unsigned char **p, *end;
+    register_info_type *reg_info;
+{
+  int mcnt;
+  /* Point to after the args to the start_memory.  */
+  unsigned char *p1 = *p + 2;
+
+  while (p1 < end)
+    {
+      /* Skip over opcodes that can match nothing, and return true or
+	 false, as appropriate, when we get to one that can't, or to the
+	 matching stop_memory.  */
+
+      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p1)
+	{
+	/* Could be either a loop or a series of alternatives.  */
+	case on_failure_jump:
+	  p1++;
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+
+	  /* If the next operation is not a jump backwards in the
+	     pattern.  */
+
+	  if (mcnt >= 0)
+	    {
+	      /* Go through the on_failure_jumps of the alternatives,
+		 seeing if any of the alternatives cannot match nothing.
+		 The last alternative starts with only a jump,
+		 whereas the rest start with on_failure_jump and end
+		 with a jump, e.g., here is the pattern for `a|b|c':
+
+		 /on_failure_jump/0/6/exactn/1/a/jump_past_alt/0/6
+		 /on_failure_jump/0/6/exactn/1/b/jump_past_alt/0/3
+		 /exactn/1/c
+
+		 So, we have to first go through the first (n-1)
+		 alternatives and then deal with the last one separately.  */
+
+
+	      /* Deal with the first (n-1) alternatives, which start
+		 with an on_failure_jump (see above) that jumps to right
+		 past a jump_past_alt.  */
+
+	      while ((re_opcode_t) p1[mcnt-3] == jump_past_alt)
+		{
+		  /* `mcnt' holds how many bytes long the alternative
+		     is, including the ending `jump_past_alt' and
+		     its number.  */
+
+		  if (!alt_match_null_string_p (p1, p1 + mcnt - 3,
+						      reg_info))
+		    return false;
+
+		  /* Move to right after this alternative, including the
+		     jump_past_alt.  */
+		  p1 += mcnt;
+
+		  /* Break if it's the beginning of an n-th alternative
+		     that doesn't begin with an on_failure_jump.  */
+		  if ((re_opcode_t) *p1 != on_failure_jump)
+		    break;
+
+		  /* Still have to check that it's not an n-th
+		     alternative that starts with an on_failure_jump.  */
+		  p1++;
+		  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+		  if ((re_opcode_t) p1[mcnt-3] != jump_past_alt)
+		    {
+		      /* Get to the beginning of the n-th alternative.  */
+		      p1 -= 3;
+		      break;
+		    }
+		}
+
+	      /* Deal with the last alternative: go back and get number
+		 of the `jump_past_alt' just before it.  `mcnt' contains
+		 the length of the alternative.  */
+	      EXTRACT_NUMBER (mcnt, p1 - 2);
+
+	      if (!alt_match_null_string_p (p1, p1 + mcnt, reg_info))
+		return false;
+
+	      p1 += mcnt;	/* Get past the n-th alternative.  */
+	    } /* if mcnt > 0 */
+	  break;
+
+
+	case stop_memory:
+	  assert (p1[1] == **p);
+	  *p = p1 + 2;
+	  return true;
+
+
+	default:
+	  if (!common_op_match_null_string_p (&p1, end, reg_info))
+	    return false;
+	}
+    } /* while p1 < end */
+
+  return false;
+} /* group_match_null_string_p */
+
+
+/* Similar to group_match_null_string_p, but doesn't deal with alternatives:
+   It expects P to be the first byte of a single alternative and END one
+   byte past the last. The alternative can contain groups.  */
+
+static boolean
+alt_match_null_string_p (p, end, reg_info)
+    unsigned char *p, *end;
+    register_info_type *reg_info;
+{
+  int mcnt;
+  unsigned char *p1 = p;
+
+  while (p1 < end)
+    {
+      /* Skip over opcodes that can match nothing, and break when we get
+	 to one that can't.  */
+
+      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p1)
+	{
+	/* It's a loop.  */
+	case on_failure_jump:
+	  p1++;
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+	  p1 += mcnt;
+	  break;
+
+	default:
+	  if (!common_op_match_null_string_p (&p1, end, reg_info))
+	    return false;
+	}
+    }  /* while p1 < end */
+
+  return true;
+} /* alt_match_null_string_p */
+
+
+/* Deals with the ops common to group_match_null_string_p and
+   alt_match_null_string_p.
+
+   Sets P to one after the op and its arguments, if any.  */
+
+static boolean
+common_op_match_null_string_p (p, end, reg_info)
+    unsigned char **p, *end;
+    register_info_type *reg_info;
+{
+  int mcnt;
+  boolean ret;
+  int reg_no;
+  unsigned char *p1 = *p;
+
+  switch ((re_opcode_t) *p1++)
+    {
+    case no_op:
+    case begline:
+    case endline:
+    case begbuf:
+    case endbuf:
+    case wordbeg:
+    case wordend:
+    case wordbound:
+    case notwordbound:
+#ifdef emacs
+    case before_dot:
+    case at_dot:
+    case after_dot:
+#endif
+      break;
+
+    case start_memory:
+      reg_no = *p1;
+      assert (reg_no > 0 && reg_no <= MAX_REGNUM);
+      ret = group_match_null_string_p (&p1, end, reg_info);
+
+      /* Have to set this here in case we're checking a group which
+	 contains a group and a back reference to it.  */
+
+      if (REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[reg_no]) == MATCH_NULL_UNSET_VALUE)
+	REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[reg_no]) = ret;
+
+      if (!ret)
+	return false;
+      break;
+
+    /* If this is an optimized succeed_n for zero times, make the jump.  */
+    case jump:
+      EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+      if (mcnt >= 0)
+	p1 += mcnt;
+      else
+	return false;
+      break;
+
+    case succeed_n:
+      /* Get to the number of times to succeed.  */
+      p1 += 2;
+      EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+
+      if (mcnt == 0)
+	{
+	  p1 -= 4;
+	  EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR (mcnt, p1);
+	  p1 += mcnt;
+	}
+      else
+	return false;
+      break;
+
+    case duplicate:
+      if (!REG_MATCH_NULL_STRING_P (reg_info[*p1]))
+	return false;
+      break;
+
+    case set_number_at:
+      p1 += 4;
+
+    default:
+      /* All other opcodes mean we cannot match the empty string.  */
+      return false;
+  }
+
+  *p = p1;
+  return true;
+} /* common_op_match_null_string_p */
+
+
+/* Return zero if TRANSLATE[S1] and TRANSLATE[S2] are identical for LEN
+   bytes; nonzero otherwise.  */
+
+static int
+bcmp_translate(
+     unsigned char *s1,
+     unsigned char *s2,
+     int len,
+     char *translate
+)
+{
+  register unsigned char *p1 = s1, *p2 = s2;
+  while (len)
+    {
+      if (translate[*p1++] != translate[*p2++]) return 1;
+      len--;
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Entry points for GNU code.  */
+
+/* re_compile_pattern is the GNU regular expression compiler: it
+   compiles PATTERN (of length SIZE) and puts the result in BUFP.
+   Returns 0 if the pattern was valid, otherwise an error string.
+
+   Assumes the `allocated' (and perhaps `buffer') and `translate' fields
+   are set in BUFP on entry.
+
+   We call regex_compile to do the actual compilation.  */
+
+const char *
+re_compile_pattern (pattern, length, bufp)
+     const char *pattern;
+     int length;
+     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
+{
+  reg_errcode_t ret;
+
+  /* GNU code is written to assume at least RE_NREGS registers will be set
+     (and at least one extra will be -1).  */
+  bufp->regs_allocated = REGS_UNALLOCATED;
+
+  /* And GNU code determines whether or not to get register information
+     by passing null for the REGS argument to re_match, etc., not by
+     setting no_sub.  */
+  bufp->no_sub = 0;
+
+  /* Match anchors at newline.  */
+  bufp->newline_anchor = 1;
+
+  ret = regex_compile (pattern, length, re_syntax_options, bufp);
+
+  return re_error_msg[(int) ret];
+}
+
+/* Entry points compatible with 4.2 BSD regex library.  We don't define
+   them if this is an Emacs or POSIX compilation.  */
+
+#if !defined (emacs) && !defined (_POSIX_SOURCE)
+
+/* BSD has one and only one pattern buffer.  */
+static struct re_pattern_buffer re_comp_buf;
+
+char *
+re_comp (s)
+    const char *s;
+{
+  reg_errcode_t ret;
+
+  if (!s)
+    {
+      if (!re_comp_buf.buffer)
+	return "No previous regular expression";
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  if (!re_comp_buf.buffer)
+    {
+      re_comp_buf.buffer = (unsigned char *) malloc (200);
+      if (re_comp_buf.buffer == NULL)
+	return "Memory exhausted";
+      re_comp_buf.allocated = 200;
+
+      re_comp_buf.fastmap = (char *) malloc (1 << BYTEWIDTH);
+      if (re_comp_buf.fastmap == NULL)
+	return "Memory exhausted";
+    }
+
+  /* Since `re_exec' always passes NULL for the `regs' argument, we
+     don't need to initialize the pattern buffer fields which affect it.  */
+
+  /* Match anchors at newlines.  */
+  re_comp_buf.newline_anchor = 1;
+
+  ret = regex_compile (s, strlen (s), re_syntax_options, &re_comp_buf);
+
+  /* Yes, we're discarding `const' here.  */
+  return (char *) re_error_msg[(int) ret];
+}
+
+
+int
+re_exec (s)
+    const char *s;
+{
+  const int len = strlen (s);
+  return
+    0 <= re_search (&re_comp_buf, s, len, 0, len, (struct re_registers *) 0);
+}
+#endif /* not emacs and not _POSIX_SOURCE */
+
+/* POSIX.2 functions.  Don't define these for Emacs.  */
+
+#ifndef emacs
+
+/* regcomp takes a regular expression as a string and compiles it.
+
+   PREG is a regex_t *.  We do not expect any fields to be initialized,
+   since POSIX says we shouldn't.  Thus, we set
+
+     `buffer' to the compiled pattern;
+     `used' to the length of the compiled pattern;
+     `syntax' to RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED if the
+       REG_EXTENDED bit in CFLAGS is set; otherwise, to
+       RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC;
+     `newline_anchor' to REG_NEWLINE being set in CFLAGS;
+     `fastmap' and `fastmap_accurate' to zero;
+     `re_nsub' to the number of subexpressions in PATTERN.
+
+   PATTERN is the address of the pattern string.
+
+   CFLAGS is a series of bits which affect compilation.
+
+     If REG_EXTENDED is set, we use POSIX extended syntax; otherwise, we
+     use POSIX basic syntax.
+
+     If REG_NEWLINE is set, then . and [^...] don't match newline.
+     Also, regexec will try a match beginning after every newline.
+
+     If REG_ICASE is set, then we considers upper- and lowercase
+     versions of letters to be equivalent when matching.
+
+     If REG_NOSUB is set, then when PREG is passed to regexec, that
+     routine will report only success or failure, and nothing about the
+     registers.
+
+   It returns 0 if it succeeds, nonzero if it doesn't.  (See regex.h for
+   the return codes and their meanings.)  */
+
+int
+regcomp (preg, pattern, cflags)
+    regex_t *preg;
+    const char *pattern;
+    int cflags;
+{
+  reg_errcode_t ret;
+  unsigned syntax
+    = (cflags & REG_EXTENDED) ?
+      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED : RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC;
+
+  /* regex_compile will allocate the space for the compiled pattern.  */
+  preg->buffer = 0;
+  preg->allocated = 0;
+
+  /* Don't bother to use a fastmap when searching.  This simplifies the
+     REG_NEWLINE case: if we used a fastmap, we'd have to put all the
+     characters after newlines into the fastmap.  This way, we just try
+     every character.  */
+  preg->fastmap = 0;
+
+  if (cflags & REG_ICASE)
+    {
+      unsigned i;
+
+      preg->translate = (char *) malloc (CHAR_SET_SIZE);
+      if (preg->translate == NULL)
+	return (int) REG_ESPACE;
+
+      /* Map uppercase characters to corresponding lowercase ones.  */
+      for (i = 0; i < CHAR_SET_SIZE; i++)
+	preg->translate[i] = ISUPPER (i) ? tolower (i) : i;
+    }
+  else
+    preg->translate = NULL;
+
+  /* If REG_NEWLINE is set, newlines are treated differently.  */
+  if (cflags & REG_NEWLINE)
+    { /* REG_NEWLINE implies neither . nor [^...] match newline.  */
+      syntax &= ~RE_DOT_NEWLINE;
+      syntax |= RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE;
+      /* It also changes the matching behavior.  */
+      preg->newline_anchor = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    preg->newline_anchor = 0;
+
+  preg->no_sub = !!(cflags & REG_NOSUB);
+
+  /* POSIX says a null character in the pattern terminates it, so we
+     can use strlen here in compiling the pattern.  */
+  ret = regex_compile (pattern, strlen (pattern), syntax, preg);
+
+  /* POSIX doesn't distinguish between an unmatched open-group and an
+     unmatched close-group: both are REG_EPAREN.  */
+  if (ret == REG_ERPAREN) ret = REG_EPAREN;
+
+  return (int) ret;
+}
+
+
+/* regexec searches for a given pattern, specified by PREG, in the
+   string STRING.
+
+   If NMATCH is zero or REG_NOSUB was set in the cflags argument to
+   `regcomp', we ignore PMATCH.  Otherwise, we assume PMATCH has at
+   least NMATCH elements, and we set them to the offsets of the
+   corresponding matched substrings.
+
+   EFLAGS specifies `execution flags' which affect matching: if
+   REG_NOTBOL is set, then ^ does not match at the beginning of the
+   string; if REG_NOTEOL is set, then $ does not match at the end.
+
+   We return 0 if we find a match and REG_NOMATCH if not.  */
+
+int
+regexec (preg, string, nmatch, pmatch, eflags)
+    const regex_t *preg;
+    const char *string;
+    size_t nmatch;
+    regmatch_t pmatch[];
+    int eflags;
+{
+  int ret;
+  struct re_registers regs;
+  regex_t private_preg;
+  int len = strlen (string);
+  boolean want_reg_info = !preg->no_sub && nmatch > 0;
+
+  private_preg = *preg;
+
+  private_preg.not_bol = !!(eflags & REG_NOTBOL);
+  private_preg.not_eol = !!(eflags & REG_NOTEOL);
+
+  /* The user has told us exactly how many registers to return
+     information about, via `nmatch'.  We have to pass that on to the
+     matching routines.  */
+  private_preg.regs_allocated = REGS_FIXED;
+
+  if (want_reg_info)
+    {
+      regs.num_regs = nmatch;
+      regs.start = TALLOC (nmatch, regoff_t);
+      regs.end = TALLOC (nmatch, regoff_t);
+      if (regs.start == NULL || regs.end == NULL)
+	return (int) REG_NOMATCH;
+    }
+
+  /* Perform the searching operation.  */
+  ret = re_search (&private_preg, string, len,
+		   /* start: */ 0, /* range: */ len,
+		   want_reg_info ? &regs : (struct re_registers *) 0);
+
+  /* Copy the register information to the POSIX structure.  */
+  if (want_reg_info)
+    {
+      if (ret >= 0)
+	{
+	  unsigned r;
+
+	  for (r = 0; r < nmatch; r++)
+	    {
+	      pmatch[r].rm_so = regs.start[r];
+	      pmatch[r].rm_eo = regs.end[r];
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If we needed the temporary register info, free the space now.  */
+      free (regs.start);
+      free (regs.end);
+    }
+
+  /* We want zero return to mean success, unlike `re_search'.  */
+  return ret >= 0 ? (int) REG_NOERROR : (int) REG_NOMATCH;
+}
+
+
+/* Returns a message corresponding to an error code, ERRCODE, returned
+   from either regcomp or regexec.   We don't use PREG here.  */
+
+size_t
+regerror (errcode, preg, errbuf, errbuf_size)
+    int errcode;
+    const regex_t *preg;
+    char *errbuf;
+    size_t errbuf_size;
+{
+  const char *msg;
+  size_t msg_size;
+
+  if (errcode < 0
+      || errcode >= (sizeof (re_error_msg) / sizeof (re_error_msg[0])))
+    /* Only error codes returned by the rest of the code should be passed
+       to this routine.  If we are given anything else, or if other regex
+       code generates an invalid error code, then the program has a bug.
+       Dump core so we can fix it.  */
+    abort ();
+
+  msg = re_error_msg[errcode];
+
+  /* POSIX doesn't require that we do anything in this case, but why
+     not be nice.  */
+  if (! msg)
+    msg = "Success";
+
+  msg_size = strlen (msg) + 1; /* Includes the null.  */
+
+  if (errbuf_size != 0)
+    {
+      if (msg_size > errbuf_size)
+	{
+	  strncpy (errbuf, msg, errbuf_size - 1);
+	  errbuf[errbuf_size - 1] = 0;
+	}
+      else
+	strcpy (errbuf, msg);
+    }
+
+  return msg_size;
+}
+
+
+/* Free dynamically allocated space used by PREG.  */
+
+void
+regfree (preg)
+    regex_t *preg;
+{
+  if (preg->buffer != NULL)
+    free (preg->buffer);
+  preg->buffer = NULL;
+
+  preg->allocated = 0;
+  preg->used = 0;
+
+  if (preg->fastmap != NULL)
+    free (preg->fastmap);
+  preg->fastmap = NULL;
+  preg->fastmap_accurate = 0;
+
+  if (preg->translate != NULL)
+    free (preg->translate);
+  preg->translate = NULL;
+}
+
+#endif /* not emacs  */
+
+/*
+Local variables:
+make-backup-files: t
+version-control: t
+trim-versions-without-asking: nil
+End:
+*/
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.h b/compat/regex/regex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6eb64f1402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+/* Definitions for data structures and routines for the regular
+   expression library, version 0.12.
+
+   Copyright (C) 1985, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */
+
+#ifndef __REGEXP_LIBRARY_H__
+#define __REGEXP_LIBRARY_H__
+
+/* POSIX says that <sys/types.h> must be included (by the caller) before
+   <regex.h>.  */
+
+#ifdef VMS
+/* VMS doesn't have `size_t' in <sys/types.h>, even though POSIX says it
+   should be there.  */
+#include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+
+/* The following bits are used to determine the regexp syntax we
+   recognize.  The set/not-set meanings are chosen so that Emacs syntax
+   remains the value 0.  The bits are given in alphabetical order, and
+   the definitions shifted by one from the previous bit; thus, when we
+   add or remove a bit, only one other definition need change.  */
+typedef unsigned reg_syntax_t;
+
+/* If this bit is not set, then \ inside a bracket expression is literal.
+   If set, then such a \ quotes the following character.  */
+#define RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS (1)
+
+/* If this bit is not set, then + and ? are operators, and \+ and \? are
+     literals.
+   If set, then \+ and \? are operators and + and ? are literals.  */
+#define RE_BK_PLUS_QM (RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then character classes are supported.  They are:
+     [:alpha:], [:upper:], [:lower:],  [:digit:], [:alnum:], [:xdigit:],
+     [:space:], [:print:], [:punct:], [:graph:], and [:cntrl:].
+   If not set, then character classes are not supported.  */
+#define RE_CHAR_CLASSES (RE_BK_PLUS_QM << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then ^ and $ are always anchors (outside bracket
+     expressions, of course).
+   If this bit is not set, then it depends:
+	^  is an anchor if it is at the beginning of a regular
+	   expression or after an open-group or an alternation operator;
+	$  is an anchor if it is at the end of a regular expression, or
+	   before a close-group or an alternation operator.
+
+   This bit could be (re)combined with RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS, because
+   POSIX draft 11.2 says that * etc. in leading positions is undefined.
+   We already implemented a previous draft which made those constructs
+   invalid, though, so we haven't changed the code back.  */
+#define RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS (RE_CHAR_CLASSES << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then special characters are always special
+     regardless of where they are in the pattern.
+   If this bit is not set, then special characters are special only in
+     some contexts; otherwise they are ordinary.  Specifically,
+     * + ? and intervals are only special when not after the beginning,
+     open-group, or alternation operator.  */
+#define RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS (RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then *, +, ?, and { cannot be first in an re or
+     immediately after an alternation or begin-group operator.  */
+#define RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS (RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then . matches newline.
+   If not set, then it doesn't.  */
+#define RE_DOT_NEWLINE (RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then . doesn't match NUL.
+   If not set, then it does.  */
+#define RE_DOT_NOT_NULL (RE_DOT_NEWLINE << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, nonmatching lists [^...] do not match newline.
+   If not set, they do.  */
+#define RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE (RE_DOT_NOT_NULL << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, either \{...\} or {...} defines an
+     interval, depending on RE_NO_BK_BRACES.
+   If not set, \{, \}, {, and } are literals.  */
+#define RE_INTERVALS (RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, +, ? and | aren't recognized as operators.
+   If not set, they are.  */
+#define RE_LIMITED_OPS (RE_INTERVALS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, newline is an alternation operator.
+   If not set, newline is literal.  */
+#define RE_NEWLINE_ALT (RE_LIMITED_OPS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then `{...}' defines an interval, and \{ and \}
+     are literals.
+  If not set, then `\{...\}' defines an interval.  */
+#define RE_NO_BK_BRACES (RE_NEWLINE_ALT << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, (...) defines a group, and \( and \) are literals.
+   If not set, \(...\) defines a group, and ( and ) are literals.  */
+#define RE_NO_BK_PARENS (RE_NO_BK_BRACES << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then \<digit> matches <digit>.
+   If not set, then \<digit> is a back-reference.  */
+#define RE_NO_BK_REFS (RE_NO_BK_PARENS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then | is an alternation operator, and \| is literal.
+   If not set, then \| is an alternation operator, and | is literal.  */
+#define RE_NO_BK_VBAR (RE_NO_BK_REFS << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then an ending range point collating higher
+     than the starting range point, as in [z-a], is invalid.
+   If not set, then when ending range point collates higher than the
+     starting range point, the range is ignored.  */
+#define RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES (RE_NO_BK_VBAR << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then an unmatched ) is ordinary.
+   If not set, then an unmatched ) is invalid.  */
+#define RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD (RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES << 1)
+
+/* This global variable defines the particular regexp syntax to use (for
+   some interfaces).  When a regexp is compiled, the syntax used is
+   stored in the pattern buffer, so changing this does not affect
+   already-compiled regexps.  */
+extern reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options;
+
+/* Define combinations of the above bits for the standard possibilities.
+   (The [[[ comments delimit what gets put into the Texinfo file, so
+   don't delete them!)  */
+/* [[[begin syntaxes]]] */
+#define RE_SYNTAX_EMACS 0
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_AWK							\
+  (RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS | RE_DOT_NOT_NULL			\
+   | RE_NO_BK_PARENS            | RE_NO_BK_REFS				\
+   | RE_NO_BK_VBAR               | RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES			\
+   | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_AWK 						\
+  (RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED | RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_GREP							\
+  (RE_BK_PLUS_QM              | RE_CHAR_CLASSES				\
+   | RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE | RE_INTERVALS				\
+   | RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_EGREP							\
+  (RE_CHAR_CLASSES        | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS			\
+   | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS | RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE			\
+   | RE_NEWLINE_ALT       | RE_NO_BK_PARENS				\
+   | RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EGREP						\
+  (RE_SYNTAX_EGREP | RE_INTERVALS | RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
+
+/* P1003.2/D11.2, section 4.20.7.1, lines 5078ff.  */
+#define RE_SYNTAX_ED RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_SED RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC
+
+/* Syntax bits common to both basic and extended POSIX regex syntax.  */
+#define _RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON						\
+  (RE_CHAR_CLASSES | RE_DOT_NEWLINE      | RE_DOT_NOT_NULL		\
+   | RE_INTERVALS  | RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC						\
+  (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
+
+/* Differs from ..._POSIX_BASIC only in that RE_BK_PLUS_QM becomes
+   RE_LIMITED_OPS, i.e., \? \+ \| are not recognized.  Actually, this
+   isn't minimal, since other operators, such as \`, aren't disabled.  */
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_BASIC					\
+  (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_LIMITED_OPS)
+
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED					\
+  (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS			\
+   | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS  | RE_NO_BK_BRACES				\
+   | RE_NO_BK_PARENS       | RE_NO_BK_VBAR				\
+   | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
+
+/* Differs from ..._POSIX_EXTENDED in that RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
+   replaces RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS and RE_NO_BK_REFS is added.  */
+#define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_EXTENDED				\
+  (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON  | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS			\
+   | RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS | RE_NO_BK_BRACES				\
+   | RE_NO_BK_PARENS        | RE_NO_BK_REFS				\
+   | RE_NO_BK_VBAR	    | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
+/* [[[end syntaxes]]] */
+
+/* Maximum number of duplicates an interval can allow.  Some systems
+   (erroneously) define this in other header files, but we want our
+   value, so remove any previous define.  */
+#ifdef RE_DUP_MAX
+#undef RE_DUP_MAX
+#endif
+#define RE_DUP_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
+
+
+/* POSIX `cflags' bits (i.e., information for `regcomp').  */
+
+/* If this bit is set, then use extended regular expression syntax.
+   If not set, then use basic regular expression syntax.  */
+#define REG_EXTENDED 1
+
+/* If this bit is set, then ignore case when matching.
+   If not set, then case is significant.  */
+#define REG_ICASE (REG_EXTENDED << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then anchors do not match at newline
+     characters in the string.
+   If not set, then anchors do match at newlines.  */
+#define REG_NEWLINE (REG_ICASE << 1)
+
+/* If this bit is set, then report only success or fail in regexec.
+   If not set, then returns differ between not matching and errors.  */
+#define REG_NOSUB (REG_NEWLINE << 1)
+
+
+/* POSIX `eflags' bits (i.e., information for regexec).  */
+
+/* If this bit is set, then the beginning-of-line operator doesn't match
+     the beginning of the string (presumably because it's not the
+     beginning of a line).
+   If not set, then the beginning-of-line operator does match the
+     beginning of the string.  */
+#define REG_NOTBOL 1
+
+/* Like REG_NOTBOL, except for the end-of-line.  */
+#define REG_NOTEOL (1 << 1)
+
+
+/* If any error codes are removed, changed, or added, update the
+   `re_error_msg' table in regex.c.  */
+typedef enum
+{
+  REG_NOERROR = 0,	/* Success.  */
+  REG_NOMATCH,		/* Didn't find a match (for regexec).  */
+
+  /* POSIX regcomp return error codes.  (In the order listed in the
+     standard.)  */
+  REG_BADPAT,		/* Invalid pattern.  */
+  REG_ECOLLATE,		/* Not implemented.  */
+  REG_ECTYPE,		/* Invalid character class name.  */
+  REG_EESCAPE,		/* Trailing backslash.  */
+  REG_ESUBREG,		/* Invalid back reference.  */
+  REG_EBRACK,		/* Unmatched left bracket.  */
+  REG_EPAREN,		/* Parenthesis imbalance.  */
+  REG_EBRACE,		/* Unmatched \{.  */
+  REG_BADBR,		/* Invalid contents of \{\}.  */
+  REG_ERANGE,		/* Invalid range end.  */
+  REG_ESPACE,		/* Ran out of memory.  */
+  REG_BADRPT,		/* No preceding re for repetition op.  */
+
+  /* Error codes we've added.  */
+  REG_EEND,		/* Premature end.  */
+  REG_ESIZE,		/* Compiled pattern bigger than 2^16 bytes.  */
+  REG_ERPAREN		/* Unmatched ) or \); not returned from regcomp.  */
+} reg_errcode_t;
+
+/* This data structure represents a compiled pattern.  Before calling
+   the pattern compiler, the fields `buffer', `allocated', `fastmap',
+   `translate', and `no_sub' can be set.  After the pattern has been
+   compiled, the `re_nsub' field is available.  All other fields are
+   private to the regex routines.  */
+
+struct re_pattern_buffer
+{
+/* [[[begin pattern_buffer]]] */
+	/* Space that holds the compiled pattern.  It is declared as
+	  `unsigned char *' because its elements are
+	   sometimes used as array indexes.  */
+  unsigned char *buffer;
+
+	/* Number of bytes to which `buffer' points.  */
+  unsigned long allocated;
+
+	/* Number of bytes actually used in `buffer'.  */
+  unsigned long used;
+
+	/* Syntax setting with which the pattern was compiled.  */
+  reg_syntax_t syntax;
+
+	/* Pointer to a fastmap, if any, otherwise zero.  re_search uses
+	   the fastmap, if there is one, to skip over impossible
+	   starting points for matches.  */
+  char *fastmap;
+
+	/* Either a translate table to apply to all characters before
+	   comparing them, or zero for no translation.  The translation
+	   is applied to a pattern when it is compiled and to a string
+	   when it is matched.  */
+  char *translate;
+
+	/* Number of subexpressions found by the compiler.  */
+  size_t re_nsub;
+
+	/* Zero if this pattern cannot match the empty string, one else.
+	   Well, in truth it's used only in `re_search_2', to see
+	   whether or not we should use the fastmap, so we don't set
+	   this absolutely perfectly; see `re_compile_fastmap' (the
+	   `duplicate' case).  */
+  unsigned can_be_null : 1;
+
+	/* If REGS_UNALLOCATED, allocate space in the `regs' structure
+	     for `max (RE_NREGS, re_nsub + 1)' groups.
+	   If REGS_REALLOCATE, reallocate space if necessary.
+	   If REGS_FIXED, use what's there.  */
+#define REGS_UNALLOCATED 0
+#define REGS_REALLOCATE 1
+#define REGS_FIXED 2
+  unsigned regs_allocated : 2;
+
+	/* Set to zero when `regex_compile' compiles a pattern; set to one
+	   by `re_compile_fastmap' if it updates the fastmap.  */
+  unsigned fastmap_accurate : 1;
+
+	/* If set, `re_match_2' does not return information about
+	   subexpressions.  */
+  unsigned no_sub : 1;
+
+	/* If set, a beginning-of-line anchor doesn't match at the
+	   beginning of the string.  */
+  unsigned not_bol : 1;
+
+	/* Similarly for an end-of-line anchor.  */
+  unsigned not_eol : 1;
+
+	/* If true, an anchor at a newline matches.  */
+  unsigned newline_anchor : 1;
+
+/* [[[end pattern_buffer]]] */
+};
+
+typedef struct re_pattern_buffer regex_t;
+
+
+/* search.c (search_buffer) in Emacs needs this one opcode value.  It is
+   defined both in `regex.c' and here.  */
+#define RE_EXACTN_VALUE 1
+
+/* Type for byte offsets within the string.  POSIX mandates this.  */
+typedef int regoff_t;
+
+
+/* This is the structure we store register match data in.  See
+   regex.texinfo for a full description of what registers match.  */
+struct re_registers
+{
+  unsigned num_regs;
+  regoff_t *start;
+  regoff_t *end;
+};
+
+
+/* If `regs_allocated' is REGS_UNALLOCATED in the pattern buffer,
+   `re_match_2' returns information about at least this many registers
+   the first time a `regs' structure is passed.  */
+#ifndef RE_NREGS
+#define RE_NREGS 30
+#endif
+
+
+/* POSIX specification for registers.  Aside from the different names than
+   `re_registers', POSIX uses an array of structures, instead of a
+   structure of arrays.  */
+typedef struct
+{
+  regoff_t rm_so;  /* Byte offset from string's start to substring's start.  */
+  regoff_t rm_eo;  /* Byte offset from string's start to substring's end.  */
+} regmatch_t;
+
+/* Declarations for routines.  */
+
+/* To avoid duplicating every routine declaration -- once with a
+   prototype (if we are ANSI), and once without (if we aren't) -- we
+   use the following macro to declare argument types.  This
+   unfortunately clutters up the declarations a bit, but I think it's
+   worth it.  */
+
+#if __STDC__
+
+#define _RE_ARGS(args) args
+
+#else /* not __STDC__ */
+
+#define _RE_ARGS(args) ()
+
+#endif /* not __STDC__ */
+
+/* Sets the current default syntax to SYNTAX, and return the old syntax.
+   You can also simply assign to the `re_syntax_options' variable.  */
+extern reg_syntax_t re_set_syntax _RE_ARGS ((reg_syntax_t syntax));
+
+/* Compile the regular expression PATTERN, with length LENGTH
+   and syntax given by the global `re_syntax_options', into the buffer
+   BUFFER.  Return NULL if successful, and an error string if not.  */
+extern const char *re_compile_pattern
+  _RE_ARGS ((const char *pattern, int length,
+	     struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer));
+
+
+/* Compile a fastmap for the compiled pattern in BUFFER; used to
+   accelerate searches.  Return 0 if successful and -2 if was an
+   internal error.  */
+extern int re_compile_fastmap _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer));
+
+
+/* Search in the string STRING (with length LENGTH) for the pattern
+   compiled into BUFFER.  Start searching at position START, for RANGE
+   characters.  Return the starting position of the match, -1 for no
+   match, or -2 for an internal error.  Also return register
+   information in REGS (if REGS and BUFFER->no_sub are nonzero).  */
+extern int re_search
+  _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string,
+	    int length, int start, int range, struct re_registers *regs));
+
+
+/* Like `re_search', but search in the concatenation of STRING1 and
+   STRING2.  Also, stop searching at index START + STOP.  */
+extern int re_search_2
+  _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string1,
+	     int length1, const char *string2, int length2,
+	     int start, int range, struct re_registers *regs, int stop));
+
+
+/* Like `re_search', but return how many characters in STRING the regexp
+   in BUFFER matched, starting at position START.  */
+extern int re_match
+  _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string,
+	     int length, int start, struct re_registers *regs));
+
+
+/* Relates to `re_match' as `re_search_2' relates to `re_search'.  */
+extern int re_match_2
+  _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string1,
+	     int length1, const char *string2, int length2,
+	     int start, struct re_registers *regs, int stop));
+
+
+/* Set REGS to hold NUM_REGS registers, storing them in STARTS and
+   ENDS.  Subsequent matches using BUFFER and REGS will use this memory
+   for recording register information.  STARTS and ENDS must be
+   allocated with malloc, and must each be at least `NUM_REGS * sizeof
+   (regoff_t)' bytes long.
+
+   If NUM_REGS == 0, then subsequent matches should allocate their own
+   register data.
+
+   Unless this function is called, the first search or match using
+   PATTERN_BUFFER will allocate its own register data, without
+   freeing the old data.  */
+extern void re_set_registers
+  _RE_ARGS ((struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, struct re_registers *regs,
+	     unsigned num_regs, regoff_t *starts, regoff_t *ends));
+
+/* 4.2 bsd compatibility.  */
+extern char *re_comp _RE_ARGS ((const char *));
+extern int re_exec _RE_ARGS ((const char *));
+
+/* POSIX compatibility.  */
+extern int regcomp _RE_ARGS ((regex_t *preg, const char *pattern, int cflags));
+extern int regexec
+  _RE_ARGS ((const regex_t *preg, const char *string, size_t nmatch,
+	     regmatch_t pmatch[], int eflags));
+extern size_t regerror
+  _RE_ARGS ((int errcode, const regex_t *preg, char *errbuf,
+	     size_t errbuf_size));
+extern void regfree _RE_ARGS ((regex_t *preg));
+
+#endif /* not __REGEXP_LIBRARY_H__ */
+
+/*
+Local variables:
+make-backup-files: t
+version-control: t
+trim-versions-without-asking: nil
+End:
+*/
diff --git a/compat/snprintf.c b/compat/snprintf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c0fb056a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/snprintf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/*
+ * The size parameter specifies the available space, i.e. includes
+ * the trailing NUL byte; but Windows's vsnprintf expects the
+ * number of characters to write without the trailing NUL.
+ */
+#ifndef SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ < 4
+#define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 1
+#else
+#define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#undef vsnprintf
+int git_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, va_list ap)
+{
+	char *s;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	if (maxsize > 0) {
+		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, ap);
+		if (ret == maxsize-1)
+			ret = -1;
+		/* Windows does not NUL-terminate if result fills buffer */
+		str[maxsize-1] = 0;
+	}
+	if (ret != -1)
+		return ret;
+
+	s = NULL;
+	if (maxsize < 128)
+		maxsize = 128;
+
+	while (ret == -1) {
+		maxsize *= 4;
+		str = realloc(s, maxsize);
+		if (! str)
+			break;
+		s = str;
+		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, ap);
+		if (ret == maxsize-1)
+			ret = -1;
+	}
+	free(s);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int git_snprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	int ret;
+
+	va_start(ap, format);
+	ret = git_vsnprintf(str, maxsize, format, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
diff --git a/compat/win32.h b/compat/win32.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c26384e595
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/* common Win32 functions for MinGW and Cygwin */
+#include <windows.h>
+
+static inline int file_attr_to_st_mode (DWORD attr)
+{
+	int fMode = S_IREAD;
+	if (attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
+		fMode |= S_IFDIR;
+	else
+		fMode |= S_IFREG;
+	if (!(attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
+		fMode |= S_IWRITE;
+	return fMode;
+}
+
+static inline int get_file_attr(const char *fname, WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA *fdata)
+{
+	if (GetFileAttributesExA(fname, GetFileExInfoStandard, fdata))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (GetLastError()) {
+	case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
+	case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
+	case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
+	case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
+		return EACCES;
+	case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
+		return ENAMETOOLONG;
+	case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
+		return ENOMEM;
+	default:
+		return ENOENT;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/compat/win32mmap.c b/compat/win32mmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..779d796cd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32mmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/*
+ * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
+ * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
+ * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
+ */
+int mingw_getpagesize(void)
+{
+	SYSTEM_INFO si;
+	GetSystemInfo(&si);
+	return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
+}
+
+void *git_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	HANDLE hmap;
+	void *temp;
+	size_t len;
+	struct stat st;
+	uint64_t o = offset;
+	uint32_t l = o & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	uint32_t h = (o >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+	if (!fstat(fd, &st))
+		len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	else
+		die("mmap: could not determine filesize");
+
+	if ((length + offset) > len)
+		length = len - offset;
+
+	if (!(flags & MAP_PRIVATE))
+		die("Invalid usage of mmap when built with USE_WIN32_MMAP");
+
+	hmap = CreateFileMapping((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd), 0, PAGE_WRITECOPY,
+		0, 0, 0);
+
+	if (!hmap)
+		return MAP_FAILED;
+
+	temp = MapViewOfFileEx(hmap, FILE_MAP_COPY, h, l, length, start);
+
+	if (!CloseHandle(hmap))
+		warning("unable to close file mapping handle\n");
+
+	return temp ? temp : MAP_FAILED;
+}
+
+int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
+{
+	return !UnmapViewOfFile(start);
+}
diff --git a/compat/winansi.c b/compat/winansi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9217c24b43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/winansi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2008 Peter Harris <git@peter.is-a-geek.org>
+ */
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/*
+ Functions to be wrapped:
+*/
+#undef printf
+#undef fprintf
+#undef fputs
+/* TODO: write */
+
+/*
+ ANSI codes used by git: m, K
+
+ This file is git-specific. Therefore, this file does not attempt
+ to implement any codes that are not used by git.
+*/
+
+static HANDLE console;
+static WORD plain_attr;
+static WORD attr;
+static int negative;
+
+static void init(void)
+{
+	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO sbi;
+
+	static int initialized = 0;
+	if (initialized)
+		return;
+
+	console = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+	if (console == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		console = NULL;
+
+	if (!console)
+		return;
+
+	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console, &sbi);
+	attr = plain_attr = sbi.wAttributes;
+	negative = 0;
+
+	initialized = 1;
+}
+
+
+#define FOREGROUND_ALL (FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE)
+#define BACKGROUND_ALL (BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE)
+
+static void set_console_attr(void)
+{
+	WORD attributes = attr;
+	if (negative) {
+		attributes &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+		attributes &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+
+		/* This could probably use a bitmask
+		   instead of a series of ifs */
+		if (attr & FOREGROUND_RED)
+			attributes |= BACKGROUND_RED;
+		if (attr & FOREGROUND_GREEN)
+			attributes |= BACKGROUND_GREEN;
+		if (attr & FOREGROUND_BLUE)
+			attributes |= BACKGROUND_BLUE;
+
+		if (attr & BACKGROUND_RED)
+			attributes |= FOREGROUND_RED;
+		if (attr & BACKGROUND_GREEN)
+			attributes |= FOREGROUND_GREEN;
+		if (attr & BACKGROUND_BLUE)
+			attributes |= FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+	}
+	SetConsoleTextAttribute(console, attributes);
+}
+
+static void erase_in_line(void)
+{
+	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO sbi;
+	DWORD dummy; /* Needed for Windows 7 (or Vista) regression */
+
+	if (!console)
+		return;
+
+	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console, &sbi);
+	FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(console, ' ',
+		sbi.dwSize.X - sbi.dwCursorPosition.X, sbi.dwCursorPosition,
+		&dummy);
+}
+
+
+static const char *set_attr(const char *str)
+{
+	const char *func;
+	size_t len = strspn(str, "0123456789;");
+	func = str + len;
+
+	switch (*func) {
+	case 'm':
+		do {
+			long val = strtol(str, (char **)&str, 10);
+			switch (val) {
+			case 0: /* reset */
+				attr = plain_attr;
+				negative = 0;
+				break;
+			case 1: /* bold */
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
+				break;
+			case 2:  /* faint */
+			case 22: /* normal */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
+				break;
+			case 3:  /* italic */
+				/* Unsupported */
+				break;
+			case 4:  /* underline */
+			case 21: /* double underline */
+				/* Wikipedia says this flag does nothing */
+				/* Furthermore, mingw doesn't define this flag
+				attr |= COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE; */
+				break;
+			case 24: /* no underline */
+				/* attr &= ~COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE; */
+				break;
+			case 5:  /* slow blink */
+			case 6:  /* fast blink */
+				/* We don't have blink, but we do have
+				   background intensity */
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_INTENSITY;
+				break;
+			case 25: /* no blink */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_INTENSITY;
+				break;
+			case 7:  /* negative */
+				negative = 1;
+				break;
+			case 27: /* positive */
+				negative = 0;
+				break;
+			case 8:  /* conceal */
+			case 28: /* reveal */
+				/* Unsupported */
+				break;
+			case 30: /* Black */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				break;
+			case 31: /* Red */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_RED;
+				break;
+			case 32: /* Green */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_GREEN;
+				break;
+			case 33: /* Yellow */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN;
+				break;
+			case 34: /* Blue */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 35: /* Magenta */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 36: /* Cyan */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 37: /* White */
+				attr |= FOREGROUND_RED |
+					FOREGROUND_GREEN |
+					FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 38: /* Unknown */
+				break;
+			case 39: /* reset */
+				attr &= ~FOREGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= (plain_attr & FOREGROUND_ALL);
+				break;
+			case 40: /* Black */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				break;
+			case 41: /* Red */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_RED;
+				break;
+			case 42: /* Green */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_GREEN;
+				break;
+			case 43: /* Yellow */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN;
+				break;
+			case 44: /* Blue */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 45: /* Magenta */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 46: /* Cyan */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 47: /* White */
+				attr |= BACKGROUND_RED |
+					BACKGROUND_GREEN |
+					BACKGROUND_BLUE;
+				break;
+			case 48: /* Unknown */
+				break;
+			case 49: /* reset */
+				attr &= ~BACKGROUND_ALL;
+				attr |= (plain_attr & BACKGROUND_ALL);
+				break;
+			default:
+				/* Unsupported code */
+				break;
+			}
+			str++;
+		} while (*(str-1) == ';');
+
+		set_console_attr();
+		break;
+	case 'K':
+		erase_in_line();
+		break;
+	default:
+		/* Unsupported code */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return func + 1;
+}
+
+static int ansi_emulate(const char *str, FILE *stream)
+{
+	int rv = 0;
+	const char *pos = str;
+
+	while (*pos) {
+		pos = strstr(str, "\033[");
+		if (pos) {
+			size_t len = pos - str;
+
+			if (len) {
+				size_t out_len = fwrite(str, 1, len, stream);
+				rv += out_len;
+				if (out_len < len)
+					return rv;
+			}
+
+			str = pos + 2;
+			rv += 2;
+
+			fflush(stream);
+
+			pos = set_attr(str);
+			rv += pos - str;
+			str = pos;
+		} else {
+			rv += strlen(str);
+			fputs(str, stream);
+			return rv;
+		}
+	}
+	return rv;
+}
+
+int winansi_fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream)
+{
+	int rv;
+
+	if (!isatty(fileno(stream)))
+		return fputs(str, stream);
+
+	init();
+
+	if (!console)
+		return fputs(str, stream);
+
+	rv = ansi_emulate(str, stream);
+
+	if (rv >= 0)
+		return 0;
+	else
+		return EOF;
+}
+
+static int winansi_vfprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, va_list list)
+{
+	int len, rv;
+	char small_buf[256];
+	char *buf = small_buf;
+	va_list cp;
+
+	if (!isatty(fileno(stream)))
+		goto abort;
+
+	init();
+
+	if (!console)
+		goto abort;
+
+	va_copy(cp, list);
+	len = vsnprintf(small_buf, sizeof(small_buf), format, cp);
+	va_end(cp);
+
+	if (len > sizeof(small_buf) - 1) {
+		buf = malloc(len + 1);
+		if (!buf)
+			goto abort;
+
+		len = vsnprintf(buf, len + 1, format, list);
+	}
+
+	rv = ansi_emulate(buf, stream);
+
+	if (buf != small_buf)
+		free(buf);
+	return rv;
+
+abort:
+	rv = vfprintf(stream, format, list);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+int winansi_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	va_list list;
+	int rv;
+
+	va_start(list, format);
+	rv = winansi_vfprintf(stream, format, list);
+	va_end(list);
+
+	return rv;
+}
+
+int winansi_printf(const char *format, ...)
+{
+	va_list list;
+	int rv;
+
+	va_start(list, format);
+	rv = winansi_vfprintf(stdout, format, list);
+	va_end(list);
+
+	return rv;
+}
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index 70d1055679..738b24419d 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -6,12 +6,18 @@
  *
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define MAXNAME (256)
 
 static FILE *config_file;
 static const char *config_file_name;
 static int config_linenr;
+static int config_file_eof;
+static int zlib_compression_seen;
+
+const char *config_exclusive_filename = NULL;
+
 static int get_next_char(void)
 {
 	int c;
@@ -31,7 +37,7 @@ static int get_next_char(void)
 		if (c == '\n')
 			config_linenr++;
 		if (c == EOF) {
-			config_file = NULL;
+			config_file_eof = 1;
 			c = '\n';
 		}
 	}
@@ -45,7 +51,7 @@ static char *parse_value(void)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
-		if (len >= sizeof(value))
+		if (len >= sizeof(value) - 1)
 			return NULL;
 		if (c == '\n') {
 			if (quote)
@@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ static inline int iskeychar(int c)
 	return isalnum(c) || c == '-';
 }
 
-static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, char *name, unsigned int len)
+static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, void *data, char *name, unsigned int len)
 {
 	int c;
 	char *value;
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, char *name, unsigned int len)
 	/* Get the full name */
 	for (;;) {
 		c = get_next_char();
-		if (c == EOF)
+		if (config_file_eof)
 			break;
 		if (!iskeychar(c))
 			break;
@@ -135,7 +141,7 @@ static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, char *name, unsigned int len)
 		if (!value)
 			return -1;
 	}
-	return fn(name, value);
+	return fn(name, value, data);
 }
 
 static int get_extended_base_var(char *name, int baselen, int c)
@@ -179,7 +185,7 @@ static int get_base_var(char *name)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
-		if (c == EOF)
+		if (config_file_eof)
 			return -1;
 		if (c == ']')
 			return baselen;
@@ -193,17 +199,35 @@ static int get_base_var(char *name)
 	}
 }
 
-static int git_parse_file(config_fn_t fn)
+static int git_parse_file(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
 	int comment = 0;
 	int baselen = 0;
 	static char var[MAXNAME];
 
+	/* U+FEFF Byte Order Mark in UTF8 */
+	static const unsigned char *utf8_bom = (unsigned char *) "\xef\xbb\xbf";
+	const unsigned char *bomptr = utf8_bom;
+
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
+		if (bomptr && *bomptr) {
+			/* We are at the file beginning; skip UTF8-encoded BOM
+			 * if present. Sane editors won't put this in on their
+			 * own, but e.g. Windows Notepad will do it happily. */
+			if ((unsigned char) c == *bomptr) {
+				bomptr++;
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				/* Do not tolerate partial BOM. */
+				if (bomptr != utf8_bom)
+					break;
+				/* No BOM at file beginning. Cool. */
+				bomptr = NULL;
+			}
+		}
 		if (c == '\n') {
-			/* EOF? */
-			if (!config_file)
+			if (config_file_eof)
 				return 0;
 			comment = 0;
 			continue;
@@ -225,55 +249,137 @@ static int git_parse_file(config_fn_t fn)
 		if (!isalpha(c))
 			break;
 		var[baselen] = tolower(c);
-		if (get_value(fn, var, baselen+1) < 0)
+		if (get_value(fn, data, var, baselen+1) < 0)
 			break;
 	}
 	die("bad config file line %d in %s", config_linenr, config_file_name);
 }
 
-int git_config_int(const char *name, const char *value)
+static int parse_unit_factor(const char *end, unsigned long *val)
+{
+	if (!*end)
+		return 1;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(end, "k")) {
+		*val *= 1024;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (!strcasecmp(end, "m")) {
+		*val *= 1024 * 1024;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (!strcasecmp(end, "g")) {
+		*val *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_parse_long(const char *value, long *ret)
 {
 	if (value && *value) {
 		char *end;
-		int val = strtol(value, &end, 0);
-		if (!*end)
-			return val;
-		if (!strcasecmp(end, "k"))
-			return val * 1024;
-		if (!strcasecmp(end, "m"))
-			return val * 1024 * 1024;
-		if (!strcasecmp(end, "g"))
-			return val * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+		long val = strtol(value, &end, 0);
+		unsigned long factor = 1;
+		if (!parse_unit_factor(end, &factor))
+			return 0;
+		*ret = val * factor;
+		return 1;
 	}
-	die("bad config value for '%s' in %s", name, config_file_name);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_config_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
+int git_parse_ulong(const char *value, unsigned long *ret)
 {
+	if (value && *value) {
+		char *end;
+		unsigned long val = strtoul(value, &end, 0);
+		if (!parse_unit_factor(end, &val))
+			return 0;
+		*ret = val;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void die_bad_config(const char *name)
+{
+	if (config_file_name)
+		die("bad config value for '%s' in %s", name, config_file_name);
+	die("bad config value for '%s'", name);
+}
+
+int git_config_int(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	long ret = 0;
+	if (!git_parse_long(value, &ret))
+		die_bad_config(name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	unsigned long ret;
+	if (!git_parse_ulong(value, &ret))
+		die_bad_config(name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *name, const char *value, int *is_bool)
+{
+	*is_bool = 1;
 	if (!value)
 		return 1;
 	if (!*value)
 		return 0;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "true") || !strcasecmp(value, "yes"))
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "true") || !strcasecmp(value, "yes") || !strcasecmp(value, "on"))
 		return 1;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "false") || !strcasecmp(value, "no"))
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "false") || !strcasecmp(value, "no") || !strcasecmp(value, "off"))
 		return 0;
-	return git_config_int(name, value) != 0;
+	*is_bool = 0;
+	return git_config_int(name, value);
+}
+
+int git_config_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	int discard;
+	return !!git_config_bool_or_int(name, value, &discard);
+}
+
+int git_config_string(const char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	*dest = xstrdup(value);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	/* This needs a better name */
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.filemode")) {
 		trust_executable_bit = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.trustctime")) {
+		trust_ctime = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.quotepath")) {
+		quote_path_fully = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.symlinks")) {
 		has_symlinks = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.ignorecase")) {
+		ignore_case = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.bare")) {
 		is_bare_repository_cfg = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -299,8 +405,14 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(var, "core.legacyheaders")) {
-		use_legacy_headers = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.loosecompression")) {
+		int level = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (level == -1)
+			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+			die("bad zlib compression level %d", level);
+		zlib_compression_level = level;
+		zlib_compression_seen = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -310,7 +422,10 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
 			die("bad zlib compression level %d", level);
-		zlib_compression_level = level;
+		core_compression_level = level;
+		core_compression_seen = 1;
+		if (!zlib_compression_seen)
+			zlib_compression_level = level;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -345,26 +460,174 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.safecrlf")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "warn")) {
+			safe_crlf = SAFE_CRLF_WARN;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		safe_crlf = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.pager"))
+		return git_config_string(&pager_program, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.editor"))
+		return git_config_string(&editor_program, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.excludesfile"))
+		return git_config_string(&excludes_file, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.whitespace")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		whitespace_rule_cfg = parse_whitespace_rule(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.fsyncobjectfiles")) {
+		fsync_object_files = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.preloadindex")) {
+		core_preload_index = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.createobject")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "rename"))
+			object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "link"))
+			object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS;
+		else
+			die("Invalid mode for object creation: %s", value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_default_user_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
 	if (!strcmp(var, "user.name")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		strlcpy(git_default_name, value, sizeof(git_default_name));
+		if (git_default_email[0])
+			user_ident_explicitly_given = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "user.email")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		strlcpy(git_default_email, value, sizeof(git_default_email));
+		if (git_default_name[0])
+			user_ident_explicitly_given = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.commitencoding")) {
-		git_commit_encoding = xstrdup(value);
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_default_i18n_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.commitencoding"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_commit_encoding, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.logoutputencoding"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_log_output_encoding, var, value);
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_default_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "branch.autosetupmerge")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "always")) {
+			git_branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_ALWAYS;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		git_branch_track = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "branch.autosetuprebase")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "never"))
+			autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "local"))
+			autorebase = AUTOREBASE_LOCAL;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "remote"))
+			autorebase = AUTOREBASE_REMOTE;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "always"))
+			autorebase = AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS;
+		else
+			return error("Malformed value for %s", var);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.logoutputencoding")) {
-		git_log_output_encoding = xstrdup(value);
+static int git_default_push_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "push.default")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "nothing"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "matching"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "tracking"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "current"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT;
+		else {
+			error("Malformed value for %s: %s", var, value);
+			return error("Must be one of nothing, matching, "
+				     "tracking or current.");
+		}
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_default_mailmap_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.file"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_file, var, value);
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
+{
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "core."))
+		return git_default_core_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "user."))
+		return git_default_user_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "i18n."))
+		return git_default_i18n_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "branch."))
+		return git_default_branch_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "push."))
+		return git_default_push_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "mailmap."))
+		return git_default_mailmap_config(var, value);
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "pager.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.pager")) {
 		pager_use_color = git_config_bool(var,value);
@@ -375,7 +638,7 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename)
+int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename, void *data)
 {
 	int ret;
 	FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
@@ -385,42 +648,71 @@ int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename)
 		config_file = f;
 		config_file_name = filename;
 		config_linenr = 1;
-		ret = git_parse_file(fn);
+		config_file_eof = 0;
+		ret = git_parse_file(fn, data);
 		fclose(f);
 		config_file_name = NULL;
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int git_config(config_fn_t fn)
+const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void)
+{
+	static const char *system_wide;
+	if (!system_wide)
+		system_wide = system_path(ETC_GITCONFIG);
+	return system_wide;
+}
+
+static int git_env_bool(const char *k, int def)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
+	const char *v = getenv(k);
+	return v ? git_config_bool(k, v) : def;
+}
+
+int git_config_system(void)
+{
+	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM", 0);
+}
+
+int git_config_global(void)
+{
+	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL", 0);
+}
+
+int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+	int ret = 0, found = 0;
 	char *repo_config = NULL;
-	const char *home = NULL, *filename;
-
-	/* $GIT_CONFIG makes git read _only_ the given config file,
-	 * $GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL will make it process it in addition to the
-	 * global config file, the same way it would the per-repository
-	 * config file otherwise. */
-	filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!filename) {
-		if (!access(ETC_GITCONFIG, R_OK))
-			ret += git_config_from_file(fn, ETC_GITCONFIG);
-		home = getenv("HOME");
-		filename = getenv(CONFIG_LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (!filename)
-			filename = repo_config = xstrdup(git_path("config"));
-	}
-
-	if (home) {
+	const char *home = NULL;
+
+	/* Setting $GIT_CONFIG makes git read _only_ the given config file. */
+	if (config_exclusive_filename)
+		return git_config_from_file(fn, config_exclusive_filename, data);
+	if (git_config_system() && !access(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK)) {
+		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, git_etc_gitconfig(),
+					    data);
+		found += 1;
+	}
+
+	home = getenv("HOME");
+	if (git_config_global() && home) {
 		char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-		if (!access(user_config, R_OK))
-			ret = git_config_from_file(fn, user_config);
+		if (!access(user_config, R_OK)) {
+			ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
+			found += 1;
+		}
 		free(user_config);
 	}
 
-	ret += git_config_from_file(fn, filename);
+	repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
+	if (!access(repo_config, R_OK)) {
+		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, repo_config, data);
+		found += 1;
+	}
 	free(repo_config);
+	if (found == 0)
+		return -1;
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -432,16 +724,16 @@ int git_config(config_fn_t fn)
 
 static struct {
 	int baselen;
-	char* key;
+	char *key;
 	int do_not_match;
-	regex_t* value_regex;
+	regex_t *value_regex;
 	int multi_replace;
 	size_t offset[MAX_MATCHES];
 	enum { START, SECTION_SEEN, SECTION_END_SEEN, KEY_SEEN } state;
 	int seen;
 } store;
 
-static int matches(const char* key, const char* value)
+static int matches(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
 	return !strcmp(key, store.key) &&
 		(store.value_regex == NULL ||
@@ -449,17 +741,18 @@ static int matches(const char* key, const char* value)
 		  !regexec(store.value_regex, value, 0, NULL, 0)));
 }
 
-static int store_aux(const char* key, const char* value)
+static int store_aux(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	const char *ep;
+	size_t section_len;
+
 	switch (store.state) {
 	case KEY_SEEN:
 		if (matches(key, value)) {
 			if (store.seen == 1 && store.multi_replace == 0) {
-				fprintf(stderr,
-					"Warning: %s has multiple values\n",
-					key);
+				warning("%s has multiple values", key);
 			} else if (store.seen >= MAX_MATCHES) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "Too many matches\n");
+				error("too many matches for %s", key);
 				return 1;
 			}
 
@@ -468,12 +761,29 @@ static int store_aux(const char* key, const char* value)
 		}
 		break;
 	case SECTION_SEEN:
-		if (strncmp(key, store.key, store.baselen+1)) {
+		/*
+		 * What we are looking for is in store.key (both
+		 * section and var), and its section part is baselen
+		 * long.  We found key (again, both section and var).
+		 * We would want to know if this key is in the same
+		 * section as what we are looking for.  We already
+		 * know we are in the same section as what should
+		 * hold store.key.
+		 */
+		ep = strrchr(key, '.');
+		section_len = ep - key;
+
+		if ((section_len != store.baselen) ||
+		    memcmp(key, store.key, section_len+1)) {
 			store.state = SECTION_END_SEEN;
 			break;
-		} else
-			/* do not increment matches: this is no match */
-			store.offset[store.seen] = ftell(config_file);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Do not increment matches: this is no match, but we
+		 * just made sure we are in the desired section.
+		 */
+		store.offset[store.seen] = ftell(config_file);
 		/* fallthru */
 	case SECTION_END_SEEN:
 	case START:
@@ -492,110 +802,104 @@ static int store_aux(const char* key, const char* value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_error()
+static int write_error(const char *filename)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write new configuration file\n");
+	error("failed to write new configuration file %s", filename);
 
 	/* Same error code as "failed to rename". */
 	return 4;
 }
 
-static int store_write_section(int fd, const char* key)
+static int store_write_section(int fd, const char *key)
 {
-	const char *dot = strchr(key, '.');
-	int len1 = store.baselen, len2 = -1;
+	const char *dot;
+	int i, success;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	dot = strchr(key, '.');
+	dot = memchr(key, '.', store.baselen);
 	if (dot) {
-		int dotlen = dot - key;
-		if (dotlen < len1) {
-			len2 = len1 - dotlen - 1;
-			len1 = dotlen;
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s \"", (int)(dot - key), key);
+		for (i = dot - key + 1; i < store.baselen; i++) {
+			if (key[i] == '"' || key[i] == '\\')
+				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, key[i]);
 		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\"]\n");
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s]\n", store.baselen, key);
 	}
 
-	if (write_in_full(fd, "[", 1) != 1 ||
-	    write_in_full(fd, key, len1) != len1)
-		return 0;
-	if (len2 >= 0) {
-		if (write_in_full(fd, " \"", 2) != 2)
-			return 0;
-		while (--len2 >= 0) {
-			unsigned char c = *++dot;
-			if (c == '"')
-				if (write_in_full(fd, "\\", 1) != 1)
-					return 0;
-			if (write_in_full(fd, &c, 1) != 1)
-				return 0;
-		}
-		if (write_in_full(fd, "\"", 1) != 1)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	if (write_in_full(fd, "]\n", 2) != 2)
-		return 0;
+	success = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) == sb.len;
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-	return 1;
+	return success;
 }
 
-static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char* key, const char* value)
+static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value)
 {
-	int i;
-	int length = strlen(key+store.baselen+1);
-	int quote = 0;
+	int i, success;
+	int length = strlen(key + store.baselen + 1);
+	const char *quote = "";
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/* Check to see if the value needs to be quoted. */
+	/*
+	 * Check to see if the value needs to be surrounded with a dq pair.
+	 * Note that problematic characters are always backslash-quoted; this
+	 * check is about not losing leading or trailing SP and strings that
+	 * follow beginning-of-comment characters (i.e. ';' and '#') by the
+	 * configuration parser.
+	 */
 	if (value[0] == ' ')
-		quote = 1;
+		quote = "\"";
 	for (i = 0; value[i]; i++)
 		if (value[i] == ';' || value[i] == '#')
-			quote = 1;
-	if (value[i-1] == ' ')
-		quote = 1;
+			quote = "\"";
+	if (i && value[i - 1] == ' ')
+		quote = "\"";
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "\t%.*s = %s",
+		    length, key + store.baselen + 1, quote);
 
-	if (write_in_full(fd, "\t", 1) != 1 ||
-	    write_in_full(fd, key+store.baselen+1, length) != length ||
-	    write_in_full(fd, " = ", 3) != 3)
-		return 0;
-	if (quote && write_in_full(fd, "\"", 1) != 1)
-		return 0;
 	for (i = 0; value[i]; i++)
 		switch (value[i]) {
 		case '\n':
-			if (write_in_full(fd, "\\n", 2) != 2)
-				return 0;
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\\n");
 			break;
 		case '\t':
-			if (write_in_full(fd, "\\t", 2) != 2)
-				return 0;
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\\t");
 			break;
 		case '"':
 		case '\\':
-			if (write_in_full(fd, "\\", 1) != 1)
-				return 0;
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
 		default:
-			if (write_in_full(fd, value+i, 1) != 1)
-				return 0;
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, value[i]);
 			break;
 		}
-	if (quote && write_in_full(fd, "\"", 1) != 1)
-		return 0;
-	if (write_in_full(fd, "\n", 1) != 1)
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s\n", quote);
+
+	success = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) == sb.len;
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	return success;
 }
 
-static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char* contents, size_t size,
-	size_t offset_, int* found_bracket)
+static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char *contents, size_t size,
+	size_t offset_, int *found_bracket)
 {
 	size_t equal_offset = size, bracket_offset = size;
 	ssize_t offset;
 
-	for (offset = offset_-2; offset > 0 
+contline:
+	for (offset = offset_-2; offset > 0
 			&& contents[offset] != '\n'; offset--)
 		switch (contents[offset]) {
 			case '=': equal_offset = offset; break;
 			case ']': bracket_offset = offset; break;
 		}
+	if (offset > 0 && contents[offset-1] == '\\') {
+		offset_ = offset;
+		goto contline;
+	}
 	if (bracket_offset < equal_offset) {
 		*found_bracket = 1;
 		offset = bracket_offset+1;
@@ -605,7 +909,7 @@ static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char* contents, size_t size,
 	return offset;
 }
 
-int git_config_set(const char* key, const char* value)
+int git_config_set(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
 	return git_config_set_multivar(key, value, NULL, 0);
 }
@@ -633,24 +937,20 @@ int git_config_set(const char* key, const char* value)
  * - the config file is removed and the lock file rename()d to it.
  *
  */
-int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
-	const char* value_regex, int multi_replace)
+int git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
+	const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
 {
 	int i, dot;
 	int fd = -1, in_fd;
 	int ret;
-	char* config_filename;
-	char* lock_file;
-	const char* last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+	char *config_filename;
+	struct lock_file *lock = NULL;
+	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
 
-	config_filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!config_filename) {
-		config_filename = getenv(CONFIG_LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (!config_filename)
-			config_filename  = git_path("config");
-	}
-	config_filename = xstrdup(config_filename);
-	lock_file = xstrdup(mkpath("%s.lock", config_filename));
+	if (config_exclusive_filename)
+		config_filename = xstrdup(config_exclusive_filename);
+	else
+		config_filename = git_pathdup("config");
 
 	/*
 	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
@@ -658,7 +958,7 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 	 */
 
 	if (last_dot == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "key does not contain a section: %s\n", key);
+		error("key does not contain a section: %s", key);
 		ret = 2;
 		goto out_free;
 	}
@@ -678,14 +978,14 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
 		if (!dot || i > store.baselen) {
 			if (!iskeychar(c) || (i == store.baselen+1 && !isalpha(c))) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "invalid key: %s\n", key);
+				error("invalid key: %s", key);
 				free(store.key);
 				ret = 1;
 				goto out_free;
 			}
 			c = tolower(c);
 		} else if (c == '\n') {
-			fprintf(stderr, "invalid key (newline): %s\n", key);
+			error("invalid key (newline): %s", key);
 			free(store.key);
 			ret = 1;
 			goto out_free;
@@ -695,12 +995,13 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 	store.key[i] = 0;
 
 	/*
-	 * The lock_file serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
+	 * The lock serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
 	 * contents of .git/config will be written into it.
 	 */
-	fd = open(lock_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0 || adjust_shared_perm(lock_file)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "could not lock config file\n");
+	lock = xcalloc(sizeof(struct lock_file), 1);
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		error("could not lock config file %s: %s", config_filename, strerror(errno));
 		free(store.key);
 		ret = -1;
 		goto out_free;
@@ -725,13 +1026,13 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		store.key = (char*)key;
+		store.key = (char *)key;
 		if (!store_write_section(fd, key) ||
 		    !store_write_pair(fd, key, value))
 			goto write_err_out;
 	} else {
 		struct stat st;
-		char* contents;
+		char *contents;
 		size_t contents_sz, copy_begin, copy_end;
 		int i, new_line = 0;
 
@@ -747,8 +1048,7 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 			store.value_regex = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 			if (regcomp(store.value_regex, value_regex,
 					REG_EXTENDED)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid pattern: %s\n",
-					value_regex);
+				error("invalid pattern: %s", value_regex);
 				free(store.value_regex);
 				ret = 6;
 				goto out_free;
@@ -765,8 +1065,8 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 		 * As a side effect, we make sure to transform only a valid
 		 * existing config file.
 		 */
-		if (git_config_from_file(store_aux, config_filename)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "invalid config file\n");
+		if (git_config_from_file(store_aux, config_filename, NULL)) {
+			error("invalid config file %s", config_filename);
 			free(store.key);
 			if (store.value_regex != NULL) {
 				regfree(store.value_regex);
@@ -808,6 +1108,9 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 					contents, contents_sz,
 					store.offset[i]-2, &new_line);
 
+			if (copy_end > 0 && contents[copy_end-1] != '\n')
+				new_line = 1;
+
 			/* write the first part of the config */
 			if (copy_end > copy_begin) {
 				if (write_in_full(fd, contents + copy_begin,
@@ -839,29 +1142,31 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 				goto write_err_out;
 
 		munmap(contents, contents_sz);
-		unlink(config_filename);
 	}
 
-	if (rename(lock_file, config_filename) < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Could not rename the lock file?\n");
+	if (commit_lock_file(lock) < 0) {
+		error("could not commit config file %s", config_filename);
 		ret = 4;
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * lock is committed, so don't try to roll it back below.
+	 * NOTE: Since lockfile.c keeps a linked list of all created
+	 * lock_file structures, it isn't safe to free(lock).  It's
+	 * better to just leave it hanging around.
+	 */
+	lock = NULL;
 	ret = 0;
 
 out_free:
-	if (0 <= fd)
-		close(fd);
+	if (lock)
+		rollback_lock_file(lock);
 	free(config_filename);
-	if (lock_file) {
-		unlink(lock_file);
-		free(lock_file);
-	}
 	return ret;
 
 write_err_out:
-	ret = write_error();
+	ret = write_error(lock->filename);
 	goto out_free;
 
 }
@@ -869,7 +1174,9 @@ write_err_out:
 static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
 {
 	int i = 0, j = 0, dot = 0;
-	for (; buf[i] && buf[i] != ']'; i++) {
+	if (buf[i] != '[')
+		return 0;
+	for (i = 1; buf[i] && buf[i] != ']'; i++) {
 		if (!dot && isspace(buf[i])) {
 			dot = 1;
 			if (name[j++] != '.')
@@ -890,7 +1197,17 @@ static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
 		if (buf[i] != name[j++])
 			break;
 	}
-	return (buf[i] == ']' && name[j] == 0);
+	if (buf[i] == ']' && name[j] == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * We match, now just find the right length offset by
+		 * gobbling up any whitespace after it, as well
+		 */
+		i++;
+		for (; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		return i;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /* if new_name == NULL, the section is removed instead */
@@ -902,16 +1219,13 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 	int out_fd;
 	char buf[1024];
 
-	config_filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!config_filename) {
-		config_filename = getenv(CONFIG_LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (!config_filename)
-			config_filename  = git_path("config");
-	}
-	config_filename = xstrdup(config_filename);
+	if (config_exclusive_filename)
+		config_filename = xstrdup(config_exclusive_filename);
+	else
+		config_filename = git_pathdup("config");
 	out_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
 	if (out_fd < 0) {
-		ret = error("Could not lock config file!");
+		ret = error("could not lock config file %s", config_filename);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -923,11 +1237,13 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), config_file)) {
 		int i;
 		int length;
+		char *output = buf;
 		for (i = 0; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
 			; /* do nothing */
 		if (buf[i] == '[') {
 			/* it's a section */
-			if (section_name_match (&buf[i+1], old_name)) {
+			int offset = section_name_match(&buf[i], old_name);
+			if (offset > 0) {
 				ret++;
 				if (new_name == NULL) {
 					remove = 1;
@@ -935,27 +1251,50 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 				}
 				store.baselen = strlen(new_name);
 				if (!store_write_section(out_fd, new_name)) {
-					ret = write_error();
+					ret = write_error(lock->filename);
 					goto out;
 				}
-				continue;
+				/*
+				 * We wrote out the new section, with
+				 * a newline, now skip the old
+				 * section's length
+				 */
+				output += offset + i;
+				if (strlen(output) > 0) {
+					/*
+					 * More content means there's
+					 * a declaration to put on the
+					 * next line; indent with a
+					 * tab
+					 */
+					output -= 1;
+					output[0] = '\t';
+				}
 			}
 			remove = 0;
 		}
 		if (remove)
 			continue;
-		length = strlen(buf);
-		if (write_in_full(out_fd, buf, length) != length) {
-			ret = write_error();
+		length = strlen(output);
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, output, length) != length) {
+			ret = write_error(lock->filename);
 			goto out;
 		}
 	}
 	fclose(config_file);
  unlock_and_out:
-	if (close(out_fd) || commit_lock_file(lock) < 0)
-			ret = error("Cannot commit config file!");
+	if (commit_lock_file(lock) < 0)
+		ret = error("could not commit config file %s", config_filename);
  out:
 	free(config_filename);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Call this to report error for your variable that should not
+ * get a boolean value (i.e. "[my] var" means "true").
+ */
+int config_error_nonbool(const char *var)
+{
+	return error("Missing value for '%s'", var);
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index eb9d7a5549..67b12f73a1 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 CC = @CC@
 CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@
+LDFLAGS = @LDFLAGS@
+CC_LD_DYNPATH = @CC_LD_DYNPATH@
 AR = @AR@
 TAR = @TAR@
 #INSTALL = @INSTALL@		# needs install-sh or install.sh in sources
@@ -11,9 +13,9 @@ TCLTK_PATH = @TCLTK_PATH@
 prefix = @prefix@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 bindir = @bindir@
-#gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core/
+gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
-template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates/
+template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
 
 mandir=@mandir@
 
@@ -23,19 +25,36 @@ VPATH = @srcdir@
 export exec_prefix mandir
 export srcdir VPATH
 
+ASCIIDOC8=@ASCIIDOC8@
 NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=@NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO@
 NO_OPENSSL=@NO_OPENSSL@
 NO_CURL=@NO_CURL@
 NO_EXPAT=@NO_EXPAT@
+NO_LIBGEN_H=@NO_LIBGEN_H@
 NEEDS_LIBICONV=@NEEDS_LIBICONV@
 NEEDS_SOCKET=@NEEDS_SOCKET@
+NEEDS_RESOLV=@NEEDS_RESOLV@
+NEEDS_LIBGEN=@NEEDS_LIBGEN@
+NO_SYS_SELECT_H=@NO_SYS_SELECT_H@
 NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT@
 NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT@
 NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE=@NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE@
 NO_IPV6=@NO_IPV6@
 NO_C99_FORMAT=@NO_C99_FORMAT@
 NO_STRCASESTR=@NO_STRCASESTR@
+NO_MEMMEM=@NO_MEMMEM@
 NO_STRLCPY=@NO_STRLCPY@
+NO_UINTMAX_T=@NO_UINTMAX_T@
+NO_STRTOUMAX=@NO_STRTOUMAX@
 NO_SETENV=@NO_SETENV@
+NO_UNSETENV=@NO_UNSETENV@
+NO_MKDTEMP=@NO_MKDTEMP@
+NO_MKSTEMPS=@NO_MKSTEMPS@
 NO_ICONV=@NO_ICONV@
-
+OLD_ICONV=@OLD_ICONV@
+NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=@NO_DEFLATE_BOUND@
+FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=@FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES@
+SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=@SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS@
+NO_PTHREADS=@NO_PTHREADS@
+THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=@THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH@
+PTHREAD_LIBS=@PTHREAD_LIBS@
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 50d2b85ace..3f1922d0bf 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ else \
 	if test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
 		AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide path for --with-$1=PATH]); \
 	else \
+		m4_toupper($1)_PATH=$withval; \
+		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)_PATH to $withval]); \
 		GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PROGRAM}_PATH=$withval); \
 	fi; \
 fi; \
@@ -61,20 +63,187 @@ elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
 	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
 else \
 	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
+	m4_toupper($1)DIR=$withval; \
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)DIR to $withval]); \
 	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PACKAGE}DIR=$withval); \
 fi \
 ])# GIT_PARSE_WITH
 
+dnl
+dnl GIT_CHECK_FUNC(FUNCTION, IFTRUE, IFFALSE)
+dnl -----------------------------------------
+dnl Similar to AC_CHECK_FUNC, but on systems that do not generate
+dnl warnings for missing prototypes (e.g. FreeBSD when compiling without
+dnl -Wall), it does not work.  By looking for function definition in
+dnl libraries, this problem can be worked around.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_CHECK_FUNC],[AC_CHECK_FUNC([$1],[
+  AC_SEARCH_LIBS([$1],,
+  [$2],[$3])
+],[$3])])
+
+dnl
+dnl GIT_STASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
+dnl -----------------------------
+dnl Allow for easy stashing of LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS before running
+dnl tests that may want to take user settings into account.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_STASH_FLAGS],[
+if test -n "$1"; then
+   old_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
+   old_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
+   CPPFLAGS="-I$1/include $CPPFLAGS"
+   LDFLAGS="-L$1/$lib $LDFLAGS"
+fi
+])
+
+dnl
+dnl GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
+dnl -----------------------------
+dnl Restore the stashed *FLAGS values.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS],[
+if test -n "$1"; then
+   CPPFLAGS="$old_CPPFLAGS"
+   LDFLAGS="$old_LDFLAGS"
+fi
+])
 
 ## Site configuration related to programs (before tests)
 ## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
 #
+# Set lib to alternative name of lib directory (e.g. lib64)
+AC_ARG_WITH([lib],
+ [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-lib=ARG],
+                 [ARG specifies alternative name for lib directory])],
+ [if test "$withval" = "no" || test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
+	AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide name for --with-lib=ARG]); \
+else \
+	lib=$withval; \
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to '$lib']); \
+	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(lib=$withval); \
+fi; \
+],[])
+
+if test -z "$lib"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to 'lib' (the default)])
+   lib=lib
+fi
+
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([pthreads],
+ [AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-pthreads=FLAGS],
+  [FLAGS is the value to pass to the compiler to enable POSIX Threads.]
+  [The default if FLAGS is not specified is to try first -pthread]
+  [and then -lpthread.]
+  [--without-pthreads will disable threading.])],
+[
+if test "x$enableval" = "xyes"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Will try -pthread then -lpthread to enable POSIX Threads])
+elif test "x$enableval" != "xno"; then
+   PTHREAD_CFLAGS=$enableval
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS' as the FLAGS to enable POSIX Threads])
+else
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([POSIX Threads will be disabled.])
+   NO_PTHREADS=YesPlease
+   USER_NOPTHREAD=1
+fi],
+[
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Will try -pthread then -lpthread to enable POSIX Threads.])
+])
+
+## Site configuration (override autodetection)
+## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
+AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for site configuration])
+#
+# Define NO_SVN_TESTS if you want to skip time-consuming SVN interoperability
+# tests.  These tests take up a significant amount of the total test time
+# but are not needed unless you plan to talk to SVN repos.
+#
+# Define MOZILLA_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
+# a bundled SHA1 routine coming from Mozilla. It is GPL'd and should be fast
+# on non-x86 architectures (e.g. PowerPC), while the OpenSSL version (default
+# choice) has very fast version optimized for i586.
+#
+# Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
+# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
+#
+# Define ARM_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
+# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for ARM.
+#
+# Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
+# This also implies MOZILLA_SHA1.
+#
+# Define OPENSSLDIR=/foo/bar if your openssl header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(openssl,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),\
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(openssl))
+#
+# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
+# git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
+# transports.
+#
+# Define CURLDIR=/foo/bar if your curl header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(curl,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-curl],[support http(s):// transports (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for curl library and headers]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(curl))
+#
+# Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
+# not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
+#
+# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(expat,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-expat],
+[support git-push using http:// and https:// transports via WebDAV (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],            [ARG can be also prefix for expat library and headers]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(expat))
+#
+# Define NO_FINK if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X, have Fink
+# installed in /sw, but don't want GIT to link against any libraries
+# installed there.  If defined you may specify your own (or Fink's)
+# include directories and library directories by defining CFLAGS
+# and LDFLAGS appropriately.
+#
+# Define NO_DARWIN_PORTS if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X,
+# have DarwinPorts installed in /opt/local, but don't want GIT to
+# link against any libraries installed there.  If defined you may
+# specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
+# library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
+#
+# Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
+#
+# Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
+AC_ARG_WITH(iconv,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--without-iconv],
+[if your architecture doesn't properly support iconv])
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-iconv=PATH],
+[PATH is prefix for libiconv library and headers])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],
+[used only if you need linking with libiconv]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(iconv))
+
+## --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] and --disable-FEATURE
+#
+# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
+# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
+# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely
+# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
+# times (my ext3 doesn't).
+#
+# Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
+# change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective.
+
+#
 # Define SHELL_PATH to provide path to shell.
 GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(shell)
 #
 # Define PERL_PATH to provide path to Perl.
 GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(perl)
 #
+# Define ZLIB_PATH to provide path to zlib.
+GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(zlib)
+#
 # Declare the with-tcltk/without-tcltk options.
 AC_ARG_WITH(tcltk,
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-tcltk],[use Tcl/Tk GUI (default is YES)])
@@ -89,8 +258,40 @@ GIT_PARSE_WITH(tcltk))
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for programs])
 #
 AC_PROG_CC([cc gcc])
+# which switch to pass runtime path to dynamic libraries to the linker
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -R], git_cv_ld_dashr, [
+   SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
+   LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -R /"
+   AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_dashr=yes], [git_cv_ld_dashr=no])
+   LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
+])
+if test "$git_cv_ld_dashr" = "yes"; then
+   AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-R])
+else
+   AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -Wl,-rpath,], git_cv_ld_wl_rpath, [
+      SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
+      LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -Wl,-rpath,/"
+      AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=no])
+      LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
+   ])
+   if test "$git_cv_ld_wl_rpath" = "yes"; then
+      AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-Wl,-rpath,])
+   else
+      AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -rpath], git_cv_ld_rpath, [
+         SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
+         LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -rpath /"
+         AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_rpath=no])
+         LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
+      ])
+      if test "$git_cv_ld_rpath" = "yes"; then
+         AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-rpath])
+      else
+         AC_MSG_WARN([linker does not support runtime path to dynamic libraries])
+      fi
+   fi
+fi
 #AC_PROG_INSTALL		# needs install-sh or install.sh in sources
-AC_CHECK_TOOL(AR, ar, :)
+AC_CHECK_TOOLS(AR, [gar ar], :)
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(TAR, [gtar tar])
 # TCLTK_PATH will be set to some value if we want Tcl/Tk
 # or will be empty otherwise.
@@ -108,39 +309,85 @@ if test -z "$NO_TCLTK"; then
     AC_SUBST(TCLTK_PATH)
   fi
 fi
+AC_CHECK_PROGS(ASCIIDOC, [asciidoc])
+if test -n "$ASCIIDOC"; then
+	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for asciidoc version])
+	asciidoc_version=`$ASCIIDOC --version 2>/dev/null`
+	case "${asciidoc_version}" in
+	asciidoc' '8*)
+		ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease
+		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} > 7])
+		;;
+	asciidoc' '7*)
+		ASCIIDOC8=
+		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version}])
+		;;
+	*)
+		ASCIIDOC8=
+		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} (unknown)])
+		;;
+	esac
+fi
+AC_SUBST(ASCIIDOC8)
+
 
 ## Checks for libraries.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for libraries])
 #
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
 # Define NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO if you need -lcrypto with -lssl (Darwin).
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($OPENSSLDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([crypto], [SHA1_Init],
 [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=],
 [AC_CHECK_LIB([ssl], [SHA1_Init],
- [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease
-  NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=],
- [NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease],
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO= NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($OPENSSLDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO)
 AC_SUBST(NO_OPENSSL)
+
 #
-# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
+# Define NO_CURL if you do not have libcurl installed.  git-http-pull and
 # git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
 # transports.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([curl], [curl_global_init],
 [NO_CURL=],
 [NO_CURL=YesPlease])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NO_CURL)
+
 #
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($EXPATDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([expat], [XML_ParserCreate],
 [NO_EXPAT=],
 [NO_EXPAT=YesPlease])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($EXPATDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NO_EXPAT)
+
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBICONV if linking with libc is not enough (Darwin and
 # some Solaris installations).
 # Define NO_ICONV if neither libc nor libiconv support iconv.
+
+if test -z "$NO_ICONV"; then
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
 AC_DEFUN([ICONVTEST_SRC], [
 #include <iconv.h>
 
@@ -150,23 +397,74 @@ int main(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 ])
-AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in -lc])
-AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
+
+if test -n "$ICONVDIR"; then
+   lib_order="-liconv -lc"
+else
+   lib_order="-lc -liconv"
+fi
+
+NO_ICONV=YesPlease
+
+for l in $lib_order; do
+    if test "$l" = "-liconv"; then
+       NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease
+    else
+       NEEDS_LIBICONV=
+    fi
+
+    old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+    LIBS="$LIBS $l"
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in $l])
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV=],
-	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
-	old_LIBS="$LIBS"
-	LIBS="$LIBS -liconv"
-	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in -liconv])
-	AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
-		[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
-		NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease],
-		[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
-		NO_ICONV=YesPlease])
-	LIBS="$old_LIBS"])
+	NO_ICONV=
+	break],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
+    LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+done
+
+#in case of break
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBICONV)
 AC_SUBST(NO_ICONV)
-test -n "$NEEDS_LIBICONV" && LIBS="$LIBS -liconv"
+
+if test -n "$NO_ICONV"; then
+    NEEDS_LIBICONV=
+fi
+
+fi
+
+#
+# Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if deflateBound is missing from zlib.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
+
+AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_SRC], [
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	deflateBound(0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for deflateBound in -lz])
+old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE(ZLIBTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
+
+AC_SUBST(NO_DEFLATE_BOUND)
+
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
 # Patrick Mauritz).
@@ -176,9 +474,57 @@ AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [socket],
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SOCKET)
 test -n "$NEEDS_SOCKET" && LIBS="$LIBS -lsocket"
 
+#
+# Define NEEDS_RESOLV if linking with -lnsl and/or -lsocket is not enough.
+# Notably on Solaris hstrerror resides in libresolv and on Solaris 7
+# inet_ntop and inet_pton additionally reside there.
+AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [hstrerror],
+[NEEDS_RESOLV=],
+[NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NEEDS_RESOLV)
+test -n "$NEEDS_RESOLV" && LIBS="$LIBS -lresolv"
+
+AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [basename],
+[NEEDS_LIBGEN=],
+[NEEDS_LIBGEN=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBGEN)
+test -n "$NEEDS_LIBGEN" && LIBS="$LIBS -lgen"
 
 ## Checks for header files.
+AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for header files])
+#
+# Define NO_SYS_SELECT_H if you don't have sys/select.h.
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([sys/select.h],
+[NO_SYS_SELECT_H=],
+[NO_SYS_SELECT_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
+AC_SUBST(NO_SYS_SELECT_H)
+#
+# Define OLD_ICONV if your library has an old iconv(), where the second
+# (input buffer pointer) parameter is declared with type (const char **).
+AC_DEFUN([OLDICONVTEST_SRC], [[
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+extern size_t iconv(iconv_t cd,
+		    char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
+		    char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft);
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+]])
 
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for old iconv()])
+AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(OLDICONVTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+	OLD_ICONV=UnfortunatelyYes])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
+AC_SUBST(OLD_ICONV)
 
 ## Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics])
@@ -210,7 +556,7 @@ AC_SUBST(NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE)
 #
 # Define NO_IPV6 if you lack IPv6 support and getaddrinfo().
 AC_CHECK_TYPE([struct addrinfo],[
- AC_CHECK_FUNC([getaddrinfo],
+ GIT_CHECK_FUNC([getaddrinfo],
   [NO_IPV6=],
   [NO_IPV6=YesPlease])
 ],[NO_IPV6=YesPlease],[
@@ -231,9 +577,9 @@ AC_RUN_IFELSE(
 	[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT],
 		[[char buf[64];
 		if (sprintf(buf, "%lld%hhd%jd%zd%td", (long long int)1, (char)2, (intmax_t)3, (size_t)4, (ptrdiff_t)5) != 5)
-		  exit(1);
+		  return 1;
 		else if (strcmp(buf, "12345"))
-		  exit(2);]])],
+		  return 2;]])],
 	[ac_cv_c_c99_format=yes],
 	[ac_cv_c_c99_format=no])
 ])
@@ -243,30 +589,129 @@ else
 	NO_C99_FORMAT=
 fi
 AC_SUBST(NO_C99_FORMAT)
+#
+# Define FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES if your are on a system which succeeds
+# when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory.
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether system succeeds to read fopen'ed directory],
+ [ac_cv_fread_reads_directories],
+[
+AC_RUN_IFELSE(
+	[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT],
+		[[char c;
+		FILE *f = fopen(".", "r");
+		return f && fread(&c, 1, 1, f)]])],
+	[ac_cv_fread_reads_directories=no],
+	[ac_cv_fread_reads_directories=yes])
+])
+if test $ac_cv_fread_reads_directories = yes; then
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=UnfortunatelyYes
+else
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=
+fi
+AC_SUBST(FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES)
+#
+# Define SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS if your are on a system which snprintf()
+# or vsnprintf() return -1 instead of number of characters which would
+# have been written to the final string if enough space had been available.
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether snprintf() and/or vsnprintf() return bogus value],
+ [ac_cv_snprintf_returns_bogus],
+[
+AC_RUN_IFELSE(
+	[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT
+		#include "stdarg.h"
+
+		int test_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, ...)
+		{
+		  int ret;
+		  va_list ap;
+		  va_start(ap, format);
+		  ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize, format, ap);
+		  va_end(ap);
+		  return ret;
+		}],
+		[[char buf[6];
+		  if (test_vsnprintf(buf, 3, "%s", "12345") != 5
+		      || strcmp(buf, "12")) return 1;
+		  if (snprintf(buf, 3, "%s", "12345") != 5
+		      || strcmp(buf, "12")) return 1]])],
+	[ac_cv_snprintf_returns_bogus=no],
+	[ac_cv_snprintf_returns_bogus=yes])
+])
+if test $ac_cv_snprintf_returns_bogus = yes; then
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=UnfortunatelyYes
+else
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=
+fi
+AC_SUBST(SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS)
 
 
 ## Checks for library functions.
 ## (in default C library and libraries checked by AC_CHECK_LIB)
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for library functions])
 #
+# Define NO_LIBGEN_H if you don't have libgen.h.
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([libgen.h],
+[NO_LIBGEN_H=],
+[NO_LIBGEN_H=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_LIBGEN_H)
+#
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(strcasestr,
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strcasestr,
 [NO_STRCASESTR=],
 [NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_STRCASESTR)
 #
+# Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(memmem,
+[NO_MEMMEM=],
+[NO_MEMMEM=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_MEMMEM)
+#
 # Define NO_STRLCPY if you don't have strlcpy.
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(strlcpy,
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strlcpy,
 [NO_STRLCPY=],
 [NO_STRLCPY=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_STRLCPY)
 #
+# Define NO_UINTMAX_T if your platform does not have uintmax_t
+AC_CHECK_TYPE(uintmax_t,
+[NO_UINTMAX_T=],
+[NO_UINTMAX_T=YesPlease],[
+#include <inttypes.h>
+])
+AC_SUBST(NO_UINTMAX_T)
+#
+# Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have strtoumax in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strtoumax,
+[NO_STRTOUMAX=],
+[NO_STRTOUMAX=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_STRTOUMAX)
+#
 # Define NO_SETENV if you don't have setenv in the C library.
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(setenv,
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(setenv,
 [NO_SETENV=],
 [NO_SETENV=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_SETENV)
 #
+# Define NO_UNSETENV if you don't have unsetenv in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(unsetenv,
+[NO_UNSETENV=],
+[NO_UNSETENV=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_UNSETENV)
+#
+# Define NO_MKDTEMP if you don't have mkdtemp in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkdtemp,
+[NO_MKDTEMP=],
+[NO_MKDTEMP=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_MKDTEMP)
+#
+# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkstemps,
+[NO_MKSTEMPS=],
+[NO_MKSTEMPS=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_MKSTEMPS)
+#
+#
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
 # Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
@@ -278,93 +723,69 @@ AC_SUBST(NO_SETENV)
 #
 # Define NO_SYMLINK_HEAD if you never want .git/HEAD to be a symbolic link.
 # Enable it on Windows.  By default, symrefs are still used.
-
-## Site configuration (override autodetection)
-## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
-AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for site configuration])
 #
-# Define NO_SVN_TESTS if you want to skip time-consuming SVN interoperability
-# tests.  These tests take up a significant amount of the total test time
-# but are not needed unless you plan to talk to SVN repos.
+# Define NO_PTHREADS if we do not have pthreads
 #
-# Define MOZILLA_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine coming from Mozilla. It is GPL'd and should be fast
-# on non-x86 architectures (e.g. PowerPC), while the OpenSSL version (default
-# choice) has very fast version optimized for i586.
-#
-# Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
-#
-# Define ARM_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for ARM.
-#
-# Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
-# This also implies MOZILLA_SHA1.
-#
-# Define OPENSSLDIR=/foo/bar if your openssl header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(openssl,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),\
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(openssl))
-#
-# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
-# git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
-# transports.
-#
-# Define CURLDIR=/foo/bar if your curl header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(curl,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-curl],[support http(s):// transports (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for curl library and headers]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(curl))
-#
-# Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
-# not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
-#
-# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(expat,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-expat],
-[support git-push using http:// and https:// transports via WebDAV (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],            [ARG can be also prefix for expat library and headers]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(expat))
-#
-# Define NO_FINK if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X, have Fink
-# installed in /sw, but don't want GIT to link against any libraries
-# installed there.  If defined you may specify your own (or Fink's)
-# include directories and library directories by defining CFLAGS
-# and LDFLAGS appropriately.
-#
-# Define NO_DARWIN_PORTS if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X,
-# have DarwinPorts installed in /opt/local, but don't want GIT to
-# link against any libraries installed there.  If defined you may
-# specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
-# library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
-#
-# Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
-#
-# Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
-AC_ARG_WITH(iconv,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--without-iconv],
-[if your architecture doesn't properly support iconv])
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-iconv=PATH],
-[PATH is prefix for libiconv library and headers])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],
-[used only if you need linking with libiconv]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(iconv))
+# Define PTHREAD_LIBS to the linker flag used for Pthread support and define
+# THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH if Pthreads are available.
+AC_DEFUN([PTHREADTEST_SRC], [
+#include <pthread.h>
 
-## --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] and --disable-FEATURE
-#
-# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
-# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
-# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely
-# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
-# times (my ext3 doesn't).
-#
-# Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
-# change being considered an inode change from the update-cache perspective.
+int main(void)
+{
+	pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;
+	return (0);
+}
+])
+
+dnl AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+dnl   [[#include <pthread.h>]],
+dnl   [[pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;]]
+dnl )])
+
+NO_PTHREADS=UnfortunatelyYes
+THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=
+PTHREAD_LIBS=
+
+if test -n "$USER_NOPTHREAD"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Skipping POSIX Threads at user request.])
+# handle these separately since PTHREAD_CFLAGS could be '-lpthreads
+# -D_REENTRANT' or some such.
+elif test -z "$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"; then
+  for opt in -pthread -lpthread; do
+     old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+     CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS"
+     AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
+     AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+		NO_PTHREADS=
+		PTHREAD_LIBS="$opt"
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=YesPlease
+		break
+	],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
+      CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
+  done
+else
+  old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+  CFLAGS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS $CFLAGS"
+  AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS'])
+  AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+		NO_PTHREADS=
+		PTHREAD_LIBS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=YesPlease
+	],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
+
+  CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
+fi
+
+CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
 
+AC_SUBST(PTHREAD_LIBS)
+AC_SUBST(NO_PTHREADS)
+AC_SUBST(THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH)
 
 ## Output files
 AC_CONFIG_FILES(["${config_file}":"${config_in}":"${config_append}"])
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index da89c9cfcf..76e542776a 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 
 static char *server_capabilities;
 
@@ -35,12 +36,25 @@ static int check_ref(const char *name, int len, unsigned int flags)
 	return !(flags & ~REF_NORMAL);
 }
 
+int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags)
+{
+	return check_ref(ref->name, strlen(ref->name), flags);
+}
+
+static void add_extra_have(struct extra_have_objects *extra, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(extra->array, extra->nr + 1, extra->alloc);
+	hashcpy(&(extra->array[extra->nr][0]), sha1);
+	extra->nr++;
+}
+
 /*
  * Read all the refs from the other end
  */
 struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list,
 			      int nr_match, char **match,
-			      unsigned int flags)
+			      unsigned int flags,
+			      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
 {
 	*list = NULL;
 	for (;;) {
@@ -56,24 +70,31 @@ struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list,
 		if (buffer[len-1] == '\n')
 			buffer[--len] = 0;
 
+		if (len > 4 && !prefixcmp(buffer, "ERR "))
+			die("remote error: %s", buffer + 4);
+
 		if (len < 42 || get_sha1_hex(buffer, old_sha1) || buffer[40] != ' ')
 			die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got '%s'", buffer);
 		name = buffer + 41;
 
 		name_len = strlen(name);
 		if (len != name_len + 41) {
-			if (server_capabilities)
-				free(server_capabilities);
+			free(server_capabilities);
 			server_capabilities = xstrdup(name + name_len + 1);
 		}
 
+		if (extra_have &&
+		    name_len == 5 && !memcmp(".have", name, 5)) {
+			add_extra_have(extra_have, old_sha1);
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		if (!check_ref(name, name_len, flags))
 			continue;
 		if (nr_match && !path_match(name, nr_match, match))
 			continue;
-		ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len - 40);
+		ref = alloc_ref(buffer + 41);
 		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, old_sha1);
-		memcpy(ref->name, buffer + 41, len - 40);
 		*list = ref;
 		list = &ref->next;
 	}
@@ -92,7 +113,7 @@ int get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
 	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
 
 	if (!len)
-		die("git-fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
 	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
 		line[--len] = 0;
 	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
@@ -104,7 +125,7 @@ int get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
 			return 1;
 		}
 	}
-	die("git-fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
+	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
 }
 
 int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match)
@@ -128,245 +149,6 @@ int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct refspec {
-	char *src;
-	char *dst;
-	char force;
-};
-
-/*
- * A:B means fast forward remote B with local A.
- * +A:B means overwrite remote B with local A.
- * +A is a shorthand for +A:A.
- * A is a shorthand for A:A.
- * :B means delete remote B.
- */
-static struct refspec *parse_ref_spec(int nr_refspec, char **refspec)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct refspec *rs = xcalloc(sizeof(*rs), (nr_refspec + 1));
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		char *sp, *dp, *ep;
-		sp = refspec[i];
-		if (*sp == '+') {
-			rs[i].force = 1;
-			sp++;
-		}
-		ep = strchr(sp, ':');
-		if (ep) {
-			dp = ep + 1;
-			*ep = 0;
-		}
-		else
-			dp = sp;
-		rs[i].src = sp;
-		rs[i].dst = dp;
-	}
-	rs[nr_refspec].src = rs[nr_refspec].dst = NULL;
-	return rs;
-}
-
-static int count_refspec_match(const char *pattern,
-			       struct ref *refs,
-			       struct ref **matched_ref)
-{
-	int patlen = strlen(pattern);
-	struct ref *matched_weak = NULL;
-	struct ref *matched = NULL;
-	int weak_match = 0;
-	int match = 0;
-
-	for (weak_match = match = 0; refs; refs = refs->next) {
-		char *name = refs->name;
-		int namelen = strlen(name);
-		int weak_match;
-
-		if (namelen < patlen ||
-		    memcmp(name + namelen - patlen, pattern, patlen))
-			continue;
-		if (namelen != patlen && name[namelen - patlen - 1] != '/')
-			continue;
-
-		/* A match is "weak" if it is with refs outside
-		 * heads or tags, and did not specify the pattern
-		 * in full (e.g. "refs/remotes/origin/master") or at
-		 * least from the toplevel (e.g. "remotes/origin/master");
-		 * otherwise "git push $URL master" would result in
-		 * ambiguity between remotes/origin/master and heads/master
-		 * at the remote site.
-		 */
-		if (namelen != patlen &&
-		    patlen != namelen - 5 &&
-		    prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") &&
-		    prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/")) {
-			/* We want to catch the case where only weak
-			 * matches are found and there are multiple
-			 * matches, and where more than one strong
-			 * matches are found, as ambiguous.  One
-			 * strong match with zero or more weak matches
-			 * are acceptable as a unique match.
-			 */
-			matched_weak = refs;
-			weak_match++;
-		}
-		else {
-			matched = refs;
-			match++;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!matched) {
-		*matched_ref = matched_weak;
-		return weak_match;
-	}
-	else {
-		*matched_ref = matched;
-		return match;
-	}
-}
-
-static void link_dst_tail(struct ref *ref, struct ref ***tail)
-{
-	**tail = ref;
-	*tail = &ref->next;
-	**tail = NULL;
-}
-
-static struct ref *try_explicit_object_name(const char *name)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!*name) {
-		ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + 20);
-		strcpy(ref->name, "(delete)");
-		hashclr(ref->new_sha1);
-		return ref;
-	}
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
-		return NULL;
-	len = strlen(name) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	memcpy(ref->name, name, len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	return ref;
-}
-
-static int match_explicit_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
-			       struct ref ***dst_tail, struct refspec *rs)
-{
-	int i, errs;
-	for (i = errs = 0; rs[i].src; i++) {
-		struct ref *matched_src, *matched_dst;
-
-		matched_src = matched_dst = NULL;
-		switch (count_refspec_match(rs[i].src, src, &matched_src)) {
-		case 1:
-			break;
-		case 0:
-			/* The source could be in the get_sha1() format
-			 * not a reference name.  :refs/other is a
-			 * way to delete 'other' ref at the remote end.
-			 */
-			matched_src = try_explicit_object_name(rs[i].src);
-			if (matched_src)
-				break;
-			errs = 1;
-			error("src refspec %s does not match any.",
-			      rs[i].src);
-			break;
-		default:
-			errs = 1;
-			error("src refspec %s matches more than one.",
-			      rs[i].src);
-			break;
-		}
-		switch (count_refspec_match(rs[i].dst, dst, &matched_dst)) {
-		case 1:
-			break;
-		case 0:
-			if (!memcmp(rs[i].dst, "refs/", 5)) {
-				int len = strlen(rs[i].dst) + 1;
-				matched_dst = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dst) + len);
-				memcpy(matched_dst->name, rs[i].dst, len);
-				link_dst_tail(matched_dst, dst_tail);
-			}
-			else if (!strcmp(rs[i].src, rs[i].dst) &&
-				 matched_src) {
-				/* pushing "master:master" when
-				 * remote does not have master yet.
-				 */
-				int len = strlen(matched_src->name) + 1;
-				matched_dst = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dst) + len);
-				memcpy(matched_dst->name, matched_src->name,
-				       len);
-				link_dst_tail(matched_dst, dst_tail);
-			}
-			else {
-				errs = 1;
-				error("dst refspec %s does not match any "
-				      "existing ref on the remote and does "
-				      "not start with refs/.", rs[i].dst);
-			}
-			break;
-		default:
-			errs = 1;
-			error("dst refspec %s matches more than one.",
-			      rs[i].dst);
-			break;
-		}
-		if (errs)
-			continue;
-		if (matched_dst->peer_ref) {
-			errs = 1;
-			error("dst ref %s receives from more than one src.",
-			      matched_dst->name);
-		}
-		else {
-			matched_dst->peer_ref = matched_src;
-			matched_dst->force = rs[i].force;
-		}
-	}
-	return -errs;
-}
-
-static struct ref *find_ref_by_name(struct ref *list, const char *name)
-{
-	for ( ; list; list = list->next)
-		if (!strcmp(list->name, name))
-			return list;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
-	       int nr_refspec, char **refspec, int all)
-{
-	struct refspec *rs = parse_ref_spec(nr_refspec, refspec);
-
-	if (nr_refspec)
-		return match_explicit_refs(src, dst, dst_tail, rs);
-
-	/* pick the remainder */
-	for ( ; src; src = src->next) {
-		struct ref *dst_peer;
-		if (src->peer_ref)
-			continue;
-		dst_peer = find_ref_by_name(dst, src->name);
-		if ((dst_peer && dst_peer->peer_ref) || (!dst_peer && !all))
-			continue;
-		if (!dst_peer) {
-			/* Create a new one and link it */
-			int len = strlen(src->name) + 1;
-			dst_peer = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dst_peer) + len);
-			memcpy(dst_peer->name, src->name, len);
-			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, src->new_sha1);
-			link_dst_tail(dst_peer, dst_tail);
-		}
-		dst_peer->peer_ref = src;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 enum protocol {
 	PROTO_LOCAL = 1,
 	PROTO_SSH,
@@ -383,6 +165,8 @@ static enum protocol get_protocol(const char *name)
 		return PROTO_SSH;
 	if (!strcmp(name, "ssh+git"))
 		return PROTO_SSH;
+	if (!strcmp(name, "file"))
+		return PROTO_LOCAL;
 	die("I don't handle protocol '%s'", name);
 }
 
@@ -391,16 +175,27 @@ static enum protocol get_protocol(const char *name)
 
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
 
+static const char *ai_name(const struct addrinfo *ai)
+{
+	static char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
+	if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0,
+			NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
+		strcpy(addr, "(unknown)");
+
+	return addr;
+}
+
 /*
  * Returns a connected socket() fd, or else die()s.
  */
-static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
+static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 {
 	int sockfd = -1, saved_errno = 0;
 	char *colon, *end;
 	const char *port = STR(DEFAULT_GIT_PORT);
 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai0, *ai;
 	int gai;
+	int cnt = 0;
 
 	if (host[0] == '[') {
 		end = strchr(host + 1, ']');
@@ -425,10 +220,16 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
 	hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
 
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Looking up %s ... ", host);
+
 	gai = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &ai);
 	if (gai)
 		die("Unable to look up %s (port %s) (%s)", host, port, gai_strerror(gai));
 
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... ", host, port);
+
 	for (ai0 = ai; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
 		sockfd = socket(ai->ai_family,
 				ai->ai_socktype, ai->ai_protocol);
@@ -438,10 +239,17 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 		}
 		if (connect(sockfd, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
 			saved_errno = errno;
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s[%d: %s]: errno=%s\n",
+				host,
+				cnt,
+				ai_name(ai),
+				strerror(saved_errno));
 			close(sockfd);
 			sockfd = -1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s ", ai_name(ai));
 		break;
 	}
 
@@ -450,6 +258,9 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 	if (sockfd < 0)
 		die("unable to connect a socket (%s)", strerror(saved_errno));
 
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
+
 	return sockfd;
 }
 
@@ -458,7 +269,7 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 /*
  * Returns a connected socket() fd, or else die()s.
  */
-static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
+static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 {
 	int sockfd = -1, saved_errno = 0;
 	char *colon, *end;
@@ -467,6 +278,7 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 	struct sockaddr_in sa;
 	char **ap;
 	unsigned int nport;
+	int cnt;
 
 	if (host[0] == '[') {
 		end = strchr(host + 1, ']');
@@ -485,6 +297,9 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 		port = colon + 1;
 	}
 
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Looking up %s ... ", host);
+
 	he = gethostbyname(host);
 	if (!he)
 		die("Unable to look up %s (%s)", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
@@ -493,11 +308,14 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 		/* Not numeric */
 		struct servent *se = getservbyname(port,"tcp");
 		if ( !se )
-			die("Unknown port %s\n", port);
+			die("Unknown port %s", port);
 		nport = se->s_port;
 	}
 
-	for (ap = he->h_addr_list; *ap; ap++) {
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... ", host, port);
+
+	for (cnt = 0, ap = he->h_addr_list; *ap; ap++, cnt++) {
 		sockfd = socket(he->h_addrtype, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
 		if (sockfd < 0) {
 			saved_errno = errno;
@@ -511,25 +329,36 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host)
 
 		if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof sa) < 0) {
 			saved_errno = errno;
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s[%d: %s]: errno=%s\n",
+				host,
+				cnt,
+				inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&sa.sin_addr),
+				strerror(saved_errno));
 			close(sockfd);
 			sockfd = -1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s ",
+				inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&sa.sin_addr));
 		break;
 	}
 
 	if (sockfd < 0)
 		die("unable to connect a socket (%s)", strerror(saved_errno));
 
+	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
+		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
+
 	return sockfd;
 }
 
 #endif /* NO_IPV6 */
 
 
-static void git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
+static void git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host, int flags)
 {
-	int sockfd = git_tcp_connect_sock(host);
+	int sockfd = git_tcp_connect_sock(host, flags);
 
 	fd[0] = sockfd;
 	fd[1] = dup(sockfd);
@@ -537,18 +366,21 @@ static void git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 
 
 static char *git_proxy_command;
-static const char *rhost_name;
-static int rhost_len;
 
-static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value,
+		void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.gitproxy")) {
 		const char *for_pos;
 		int matchlen = -1;
 		int hostlen;
+		const char *rhost_name = cb;
+		int rhost_len = strlen(rhost_name);
 
 		if (git_proxy_command)
 			return 0;
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		/* [core]
 		 * ;# matches www.kernel.org as well
 		 * gitproxy = netcatter-1 for kernel.org
@@ -574,26 +406,21 @@ static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value)
 		}
 		if (0 <= matchlen) {
 			/* core.gitproxy = none for kernel.org */
-			if (matchlen == 4 && 
+			if (matchlen == 4 &&
 			    !memcmp(value, "none", 4))
 				matchlen = 0;
-			git_proxy_command = xmalloc(matchlen + 1);
-			memcpy(git_proxy_command, value, matchlen);
-			git_proxy_command[matchlen] = 0;
+			git_proxy_command = xmemdupz(value, matchlen);
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int git_use_proxy(const char *host)
 {
-	rhost_name = host;
-	rhost_len = strlen(host);
 	git_proxy_command = getenv("GIT_PROXY_COMMAND");
-	git_config(git_proxy_command_options);
-	rhost_name = NULL;
+	git_config(git_proxy_command_options, (void*)host);
 	return (git_proxy_command && *git_proxy_command);
 }
 
@@ -637,24 +464,48 @@ static void git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 
 #define MAX_CMD_LEN 1024
 
+static char *get_port(char *host)
+{
+	char *end;
+	char *p = strchr(host, ':');
+
+	if (p) {
+		long port = strtol(p + 1, &end, 10);
+		if (end != p + 1 && *end == '\0' && 0 <= port && port < 65536) {
+			*p = '\0';
+			return p+1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct child_process no_fork;
+
 /*
- * This returns 0 if the transport protocol does not need fork(2),
- * or a process id if it does.  Once done, finish the connection
- * with finish_connect() with the value returned from this function
- * (it is safe to call finish_connect() with 0 to support the former
- * case).
+ * This returns a dummy child_process if the transport protocol does not
+ * need fork(2), or a struct child_process object if it does.  Once done,
+ * finish the connection with finish_connect() with the value returned from
+ * this function (it is safe to call finish_connect() with NULL to support
+ * the former case).
  *
- * Does not return a negative value on error; it just dies.
+ * If it returns, the connect is successful; it just dies on errors (this
+ * will hopefully be changed in a libification effort, to return NULL when
+ * the connection failed).
  */
-pid_t git_connect(int fd[2], char *url, const char *prog)
+struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
+				  const char *prog, int flags)
 {
-	char *host, *path = url;
+	char *url = xstrdup(url_orig);
+	char *host, *path;
 	char *end;
 	int c;
-	int pipefd[2][2];
-	pid_t pid;
+	struct child_process *conn;
 	enum protocol protocol = PROTO_LOCAL;
 	int free_path = 0;
+	char *port = NULL;
+	const char **arg;
+	struct strbuf cmd;
 
 	/* Without this we cannot rely on waitpid() to tell
 	 * what happened to our children.
@@ -684,13 +535,13 @@ pid_t git_connect(int fd[2], char *url, const char *prog)
 		end = host;
 
 	path = strchr(end, c);
-	if (c == ':') {
-		if (path) {
+	if (path && !has_dos_drive_prefix(end)) {
+		if (c == ':') {
 			protocol = PROTO_SSH;
 			*path++ = '\0';
-		} else
-			path = host;
-	}
+		}
+	} else
+		path = end;
 
 	if (!path || !*path)
 		die("No path specified. See 'man git-pull' for valid url syntax");
@@ -711,6 +562,12 @@ pid_t git_connect(int fd[2], char *url, const char *prog)
 		*ptr = '\0';
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Add support for ssh port: ssh://host.xy:<port>/...
+	 */
+	if (protocol == PROTO_SSH && host != url)
+		port = get_port(host);
+
 	if (protocol == PROTO_GIT) {
 		/* These underlying connection commands die() if they
 		 * cannot connect.
@@ -719,83 +576,89 @@ pid_t git_connect(int fd[2], char *url, const char *prog)
 		if (git_use_proxy(host))
 			git_proxy_connect(fd, host);
 		else
-			git_tcp_connect(fd, host);
+			git_tcp_connect(fd, host, flags);
 		/*
 		 * Separate original protocol components prog and path
-		 * from extended components with a NUL byte.
+		 * from extended host header with a NUL byte.
+		 *
+		 * Note: Do not add any other headers here!  Doing so
+		 * will cause older git-daemon servers to crash.
 		 */
 		packet_write(fd[1],
 			     "%s %s%chost=%s%c",
 			     prog, path, 0,
 			     target_host, 0);
 		free(target_host);
+		free(url);
 		if (free_path)
 			free(path);
-		return 0;
+		return &no_fork;
 	}
 
-	if (pipe(pipefd[0]) < 0 || pipe(pipefd[1]) < 0)
-		die("unable to create pipe pair for communication");
-	pid = fork();
-	if (pid < 0)
-		die("unable to fork");
-	if (!pid) {
-		char command[MAX_CMD_LEN];
-		char *posn = command;
-		int size = MAX_CMD_LEN;
-		int of = 0;
-
-		of |= add_to_string(&posn, &size, prog, 0);
-		of |= add_to_string(&posn, &size, " ", 0);
-		of |= add_to_string(&posn, &size, path, 1);
-
-		if (of)
-			die("command line too long");
-
-		dup2(pipefd[1][0], 0);
-		dup2(pipefd[0][1], 1);
-		close(pipefd[0][0]);
-		close(pipefd[0][1]);
-		close(pipefd[1][0]);
-		close(pipefd[1][1]);
-		if (protocol == PROTO_SSH) {
-			const char *ssh, *ssh_basename;
-			ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
-			if (!ssh) ssh = "ssh";
-			ssh_basename = strrchr(ssh, '/');
-			if (!ssh_basename)
-				ssh_basename = ssh;
-			else
-				ssh_basename++;
-			execlp(ssh, ssh_basename, host, command, NULL);
-		}
-		else {
-			unsetenv(ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT);
-			unsetenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT);
-			unsetenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-			unsetenv(GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT);
-			unsetenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
-			execlp("sh", "sh", "-c", command, NULL);
+	conn = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*conn));
+
+	strbuf_init(&cmd, MAX_CMD_LEN);
+	strbuf_addstr(&cmd, prog);
+	strbuf_addch(&cmd, ' ');
+	sq_quote_buf(&cmd, path);
+	if (cmd.len >= MAX_CMD_LEN)
+		die("command line too long");
+
+	conn->in = conn->out = -1;
+	conn->argv = arg = xcalloc(7, sizeof(*arg));
+	if (protocol == PROTO_SSH) {
+		const char *ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
+		int putty = ssh && strcasestr(ssh, "plink");
+		if (!ssh) ssh = "ssh";
+
+		*arg++ = ssh;
+		if (putty && !strcasestr(ssh, "tortoiseplink"))
+			*arg++ = "-batch";
+		if (port) {
+			/* P is for PuTTY, p is for OpenSSH */
+			*arg++ = putty ? "-P" : "-p";
+			*arg++ = port;
 		}
-		die("exec failed");
+		*arg++ = host;
 	}
-	fd[0] = pipefd[0][0];
-	fd[1] = pipefd[1][1];
-	close(pipefd[0][1]);
-	close(pipefd[1][0]);
+	else {
+		/* remove these from the environment */
+		const char *env[] = {
+			ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT,
+			DB_ENVIRONMENT,
+			GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
+			GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
+			GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT,
+			INDEX_ENVIRONMENT,
+			NULL
+		};
+		conn->env = env;
+		*arg++ = "sh";
+		*arg++ = "-c";
+	}
+	*arg++ = cmd.buf;
+	*arg = NULL;
+
+	if (start_command(conn))
+		die("unable to fork");
+
+	fd[0] = conn->out; /* read from child's stdout */
+	fd[1] = conn->in;  /* write to child's stdin */
+	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+	free(url);
 	if (free_path)
 		free(path);
-	return pid;
+	return conn;
 }
 
-int finish_connect(pid_t pid)
+int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn)
 {
-	if (pid == 0)
+	int code;
+	if (!conn || conn == &no_fork)
 		return 0;
 
-	while (waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) < 0) {
-		if (errno != EINTR)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
+	code = finish_command(conn);
+	free(conn->argv);
+	free(conn);
+	return code;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/README b/contrib/README
index e1c0a01ff3..05f291c1f1 100644
--- a/contrib/README
+++ b/contrib/README
@@ -41,4 +41,3 @@ submit a patch to create a subdirectory of contrib/ and put your
 stuff there.
 
 -jc
-
diff --git a/contrib/blameview/README b/contrib/blameview/README
index 50a6f67fd6..fada5ce909 100644
--- a/contrib/blameview/README
+++ b/contrib/blameview/README
@@ -7,4 +7,3 @@ To: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 Cc: git@vger.kernel.org
 Date: Sat, 27 Jan 2007 18:52:38 -0500
 Message-ID: <20070127235238.GA28706@coredump.intra.peff.net>
-
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index 7c03403484..745b5fb78b 100755
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+#!bash
 #
 # bash completion support for core Git.
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2006,2007 Shawn Pearce
+# Copyright (C) 2006,2007 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
 # Conceptually based on gitcompletion (http://gitweb.hawaga.org.uk/).
+# Distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0.
 #
 # The contained completion routines provide support for completing:
 #
@@ -11,6 +13,7 @@
 #    *) .git/remotes file names
 #    *) git 'subcommands'
 #    *) tree paths within 'ref:path/to/file' expressions
+#    *) common --long-options
 #
 # To use these routines:
 #
@@ -31,11 +34,43 @@
 #       are currently in a git repository.  The %s token will be
 #       the name of the current branch.
 #
+#       In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty
+#       value, unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next
+#       to the branch name.  You can configure this per-repository
+#       with the bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true
+#       once GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled.
+#
+#       You can also see if currently something is stashed, by setting
+#       GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE to a nonempty value. If something is stashed,
+#       then a '$' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
+#       If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can
+#       set GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're
+#       untracked files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
+# To submit patches:
+#
+#    *) Read Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+#    *) Send all patches to the current maintainer:
+#
+#       "Shawn O. Pearce" <spearce@spearce.org>
+#
+#    *) Always CC the Git mailing list:
+#
+#       git@vger.kernel.org
+#
+
+case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
+*:*) : great ;;
+*)   COMP_WORDBREAKS="$COMP_WORDBREAKS:"
+esac
 
+# __gitdir accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., location)
+# returns location of .git repo
 __gitdir ()
 {
-	if [ -z "$1" ]; then
-		if [ -n "$__git_dir" ]; then
+	if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then
+		if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
 			echo "$__git_dir"
 		elif [ -d .git ]; then
 			echo .git
@@ -49,49 +84,143 @@ __gitdir ()
 	fi
 }
 
+# __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
+# returns text to add to bash PS1 prompt (includes branch name)
 __git_ps1 ()
 {
-	local b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-	if [ -n "$b" ]; then
-		if [ -n "$1" ]; then
-			printf "$1" "${b##refs/heads/}"
+	local g="$(__gitdir)"
+	if [ -n "$g" ]; then
+		local r
+		local b
+		if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
+			r="|REBASE-i"
+			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
+		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
+			r="|REBASE-m"
+			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
 		else
-			printf " (%s)" "${b##refs/heads/}"
+			if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then
+				if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then
+					r="|REBASE"
+				elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then
+					r="|AM"
+				else
+					r="|AM/REBASE"
+				fi
+			elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|MERGING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
+				r="|BISECTING"
+			fi
+
+			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" || {
+
+				b="$(
+				case "${GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE-}" in
+				(contains)
+					git describe --contains HEAD ;;
+				(branch)
+					git describe --contains --all HEAD ;;
+				(describe)
+					git describe HEAD ;;
+				(* | default)
+					git describe --exact-match HEAD ;;
+				esac 2>/dev/null)" ||
+
+				b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." ||
+				b="unknown"
+				b="($b)"
+			}
+		fi
+
+		local w
+		local i
+		local s
+		local u
+		local c
+
+		if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+				c="BARE:"
+			else
+				b="GIT_DIR!"
+			fi
+		elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then
+				if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then
+					git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules \
+						--quiet --exit-code || w="*"
+					if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
+						git diff-index --cached --quiet \
+							--ignore-submodules HEAD -- || i="+"
+					else
+						i="#"
+					fi
+				fi
+			fi
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then
+			        git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$"
+			fi
+
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then
+			   if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
+			      u="%"
+			   fi
+			fi
+		fi
+
+		if [ -n "${1-}" ]; then
+			printf "$1" "$c${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$s$u$r"
+		else
+			printf " (%s)" "$c${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$s$u$r"
 		fi
 	fi
 }
 
+# __gitcomp_1 requires 2 arguments
+__gitcomp_1 ()
+{
+	local c IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n'
+	for c in $1; do
+		case "$c$2" in
+		--*=*) printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;;
+		*.)    printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;;
+		*)     printf %s$'\n' "$c$2 " ;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+# __gitcomp accepts 1, 2, 3, or 4 arguments
+# generates completion reply with compgen
 __gitcomp ()
 {
-	local all c s=$'\n' IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n'
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then
 		cur="$3"
 	fi
-	for c in $1; do
-		case "$c$4" in
-		--*=*) all="$all$c$4$s" ;;
-		*.)    all="$all$c$4$s" ;;
-		*)     all="$all$c$4 $s" ;;
-		esac
-	done
-	IFS=$s
-	COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "$2" -W "$all" -- "$cur"))
-	return
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*=)
+		COMPREPLY=()
+		;;
+	*)
+		local IFS=$'\n'
+		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" \
+			-W "$(__gitcomp_1 "${1-}" "${4-}")" \
+			-- "$cur"))
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
+# __git_heads accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_heads ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "$1")"
+	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		for i in $(git --git-dir="$dir" \
-			for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' \
-			refs/heads ); do
-			echo "${i#refs/heads/}"
-		done
+		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
+			refs/heads
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git-ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$is_hash,$i" in
 		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
 		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
@@ -101,24 +230,47 @@ __git_heads ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_tags accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
+__git_tags ()
+{
+	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
+	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
+			refs/tags
+		return
+	fi
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
+		case "$is_hash,$i" in
+		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
+		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
+		n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;;
+		n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+# __git_refs accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_refs ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "$1")"
+	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" format refs
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		if [ -e "$dir/HEAD" ]; then echo HEAD; fi
-		for i in $(git --git-dir="$dir" \
-			for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' \
-			refs/tags refs/heads refs/remotes); do
-			case "$i" in
-				refs/tags/*)    echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;;
-				refs/heads/*)   echo "${i#refs/heads/}" ;;
-				refs/remotes/*) echo "${i#refs/remotes/}" ;;
-				*)              echo "$i" ;;
-			esac
-		done
+		case "$cur" in
+		refs|refs/*)
+			format="refname"
+			refs="${cur%/*}"
+			;;
+		*)
+			if [ -e "$dir/HEAD" ]; then echo HEAD; fi
+			format="refname:short"
+			refs="refs/tags refs/heads refs/remotes"
+			;;
+		esac
+		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format="%($format)" \
+			$refs
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git-ls-remote "$dir" 2>/dev/null); do
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "$dir" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$is_hash,$i" in
 		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
 		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
@@ -130,6 +282,7 @@ __git_refs ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_refs2 requires 1 argument (to pass to __git_refs)
 __git_refs2 ()
 {
 	local i
@@ -138,10 +291,11 @@ __git_refs2 ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_refs_remotes requires 1 argument (to pass to ls-remote)
 __git_refs_remotes ()
 {
 	local cmd i is_hash=y
-	for i in $(git-ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$is_hash,$i" in
 		n,refs/heads/*)
 			is_hash=y
@@ -176,19 +330,21 @@ __git_remotes ()
 
 __git_merge_strategies ()
 {
-	if [ -n "$__git_merge_strategylist" ]; then
+	if [ -n "${__git_merge_strategylist-}" ]; then
 		echo "$__git_merge_strategylist"
 		return
 	fi
-	sed -n "/^all_strategies='/{
-		s/^all_strategies='//
-		s/'//
+	git merge -s help 2>&1 |
+	sed -n -e '/[Aa]vailable strategies are: /,/^$/{
+		s/\.$//
+		s/.*://
+		s/^[ 	]*//
+		s/[ 	]*$//
 		p
-		q
-		}" "$(git --exec-path)/git-merge"
+	}'
 }
 __git_merge_strategylist=
-__git_merge_strategylist="$(__git_merge_strategies 2>/dev/null)"
+__git_merge_strategylist=$(__git_merge_strategies 2>/dev/null)
 
 __git_complete_file ()
 {
@@ -208,9 +364,23 @@ __git_complete_file ()
 			ls="$ref"
 			;;
 	    esac
+
+		case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
+		*:*) : great ;;
+		*)   pfx="$ref:$pfx" ;;
+		esac
+
+		local IFS=$'\n'
 		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "$pfx" \
 			-W "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" ls-tree "$ls" \
-				| sed '/^100... blob /s,^.*	,,
+				| sed '/^100... blob /{
+				           s,^.*	,,
+				           s,$, ,
+				       }
+				       /^120000 blob /{
+				           s,^.*	,,
+				           s,$, ,
+				       }
 				       /^040000 tree /{
 				           s,^.*	,,
 				           s,$,/,
@@ -238,46 +408,151 @@ __git_complete_revlist ()
 		cur="${cur#*..}"
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
 		;;
-	*.)
-		__gitcomp "$cur."
-		;;
 	*)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
-__git_commands ()
+__git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
+{
+	local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[1]}"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local i c=2 remote="" pfx="" lhs=1 no_complete_refspec=0
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$i" in
+		--all|--mirror) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
+		-*) ;;
+		*) remote="$i"; break ;;
+		esac
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+	if [ -z "$remote" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+		return
+	fi
+	if [ $no_complete_refspec = 1 ]; then
+		COMPREPLY=()
+		return
+	fi
+	[ "$remote" = "." ] && remote=
+	case "$cur" in
+	*:*)
+		case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
+		*:*) : great ;;
+		*)   pfx="${cur%%:*}:" ;;
+		esac
+		cur="${cur#*:}"
+		lhs=0
+		;;
+	+*)
+		pfx="+"
+		cur="${cur#+}"
+		;;
+	esac
+	case "$cmd" in
+	fetch)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	pull)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	push)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+__git_complete_strategy ()
+{
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	-s|--strategy)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
+		return 0
+	esac
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--strategy=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
+		return 0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return 1
+}
+
+__git_all_commands ()
 {
-	if [ -n "$__git_commandlist" ]; then
-		echo "$__git_commandlist"
+	if [ -n "${__git_all_commandlist-}" ]; then
+		echo "$__git_all_commandlist"
 		return
 	fi
 	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
 	for i in $(git help -a|egrep '^ ')
 	do
 		case $i in
-		add--interactive) : plumbing;;
+		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
+		*) echo $i;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+__git_all_commandlist=
+__git_all_commandlist="$(__git_all_commands 2>/dev/null)"
+
+__git_porcelain_commands ()
+{
+	if [ -n "${__git_porcelain_commandlist-}" ]; then
+		echo "$__git_porcelain_commandlist"
+		return
+	fi
+	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
+	for i in "help" $(__git_all_commands)
+	do
+		case $i in
+		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
 		applymbox)        : ask gittus;;
 		applypatch)       : ask gittus;;
 		archimport)       : import;;
 		cat-file)         : plumbing;;
+		check-attr)       : plumbing;;
 		check-ref-format) : plumbing;;
+		checkout-index)   : plumbing;;
 		commit-tree)      : plumbing;;
-		convert-objects)  : plumbing;;
+		count-objects)    : infrequent;;
 		cvsexportcommit)  : export;;
 		cvsimport)        : import;;
 		cvsserver)        : daemon;;
 		daemon)           : daemon;;
+		diff-files)       : plumbing;;
+		diff-index)       : plumbing;;
+		diff-tree)        : plumbing;;
 		fast-import)      : import;;
+		fast-export)      : export;;
 		fsck-objects)     : plumbing;;
 		fetch-pack)       : plumbing;;
 		fmt-merge-msg)    : plumbing;;
+		for-each-ref)     : plumbing;;
 		hash-object)      : plumbing;;
 		http-*)           : transport;;
 		index-pack)       : plumbing;;
 		init-db)          : deprecated;;
 		local-fetch)      : plumbing;;
+		lost-found)       : infrequent;;
+		ls-files)         : plumbing;;
+		ls-remote)        : plumbing;;
+		ls-tree)          : plumbing;;
 		mailinfo)         : plumbing;;
 		mailsplit)        : plumbing;;
 		merge-*)          : plumbing;;
@@ -295,19 +570,18 @@ __git_commands ()
 		read-tree)        : plumbing;;
 		receive-pack)     : plumbing;;
 		reflog)           : plumbing;;
-		repo-config)      : plumbing;;
+		repo-config)      : deprecated;;
 		rerere)           : plumbing;;
 		rev-list)         : plumbing;;
 		rev-parse)        : plumbing;;
 		runstatus)        : plumbing;;
 		sh-setup)         : internal;;
 		shell)            : daemon;;
+		show-ref)         : plumbing;;
 		send-pack)        : plumbing;;
 		show-index)       : plumbing;;
 		ssh-*)            : transport;;
 		stripspace)       : plumbing;;
-		svn)              : import export;;
-		svnimport)        : import;;
 		symbolic-ref)     : plumbing;;
 		tar-tree)         : deprecated;;
 		unpack-file)      : plumbing;;
@@ -318,13 +592,15 @@ __git_commands ()
 		upload-archive)   : plumbing;;
 		upload-pack)      : plumbing;;
 		write-tree)       : plumbing;;
+		var)              : infrequent;;
+		verify-pack)      : infrequent;;
 		verify-tag)       : plumbing;;
 		*) echo $i;;
 		esac
 	done
 }
-__git_commandlist=
-__git_commandlist="$(__git_commands 2>/dev/null)"
+__git_porcelain_commandlist=
+__git_porcelain_commandlist="$(__git_porcelain_commands 2>/dev/null)"
 
 __git_aliases ()
 {
@@ -339,6 +615,7 @@ __git_aliases ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_aliased_command requires 1 argument
 __git_aliased_command ()
 {
 	local word cmdline=$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
@@ -351,13 +628,42 @@ __git_aliased_command ()
 	done
 }
 
-__git_whitespacelist="nowarn warn error error-all strip"
+# __git_find_subcommand requires 1 argument
+__git_find_subcommand ()
+{
+	local word subcommand c=1
+
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		for subcommand in $1; do
+			if [ "$subcommand" = "$word" ]; then
+				echo "$subcommand"
+				return
+			fi
+		done
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+}
+
+__git_has_doubledash ()
+{
+	local c=1
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		if [ "--" = "${COMP_WORDS[c]}" ]; then
+			return 0
+		fi
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+	return 1
+}
+
+__git_whitespacelist="nowarn warn error error-all fix"
 
 _git_am ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	if [ -d .dotest ]; then
-		__gitcomp "--skip --resolved"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ]; then
+		__gitcomp "--skip --resolved --abort"
 		return
 	fi
 	case "$cur" in
@@ -367,7 +673,8 @@ _git_am ()
 		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--signoff --utf8 --binary --3way --interactive
+			--3way --committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date
+			--interactive --keep --no-utf8 --signoff --utf8
 			--whitespace=
 			"
 		return
@@ -397,36 +704,56 @@ _git_apply ()
 
 _git_add ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--interactive"
+		__gitcomp "
+			--interactive --refresh --patch --update --dry-run
+			--ignore-errors --intent-to-add
+			"
 		return
 	esac
 	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
+_git_archive ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--format=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(git archive --list)" "" "${cur##--format=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--remote=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--remote=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--format= --list --verbose
+			--prefix= --remote= --exec=
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_file
+}
+
 _git_bisect ()
 {
-	local i c=1 command
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
-		case "$i" in
-		start|bad|good|reset|visualize|replay|log)
-			command="$i"
-			break
-			;;
-		esac
-		c=$((++c))
-	done
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	if [ $c -eq $COMP_CWORD -a -z "$command" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "start bad good reset visualize replay log"
+	local subcommands="start bad good skip reset visualize replay log run"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 		return
 	fi
 
-	case "$command" in
-	bad|good|reset)
+	case "$subcommand" in
+	bad|good|reset|skip)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -437,11 +764,58 @@ _git_bisect ()
 
 _git_branch ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	local i c=1 only_local_ref="n" has_r="n"
+
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$i" in
+		-d|-m)	only_local_ref="y" ;;
+		-r)	has_r="y" ;;
+		esac
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev
+			--track --no-track --contains --merged --no-merged
+			"
+		;;
+	*)
+		if [ $only_local_ref = "y" -a $has_r = "n" ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_heads)"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+_git_bundle ()
+{
+	local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[2]}"
+	case "$COMP_CWORD" in
+	2)
+		__gitcomp "create list-heads verify unbundle"
+		;;
+	3)
+		# looking for a file
+		;;
+	*)
+		case "$cmd" in
+			create)
+				__git_complete_revlist
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 _git_checkout ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
@@ -463,73 +837,168 @@ _git_cherry_pick ()
 	esac
 }
 
+_git_clean ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--dry-run --quiet"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+_git_clone ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--local
+			--no-hardlinks
+			--shared
+			--reference
+			--quiet
+			--no-checkout
+			--bare
+			--mirror
+			--origin
+			--upload-pack
+			--template=
+			--depth
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
 _git_commit ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--all --author= --signoff --verify --no-verify
-			--edit --amend --include --only
+			--edit --amend --include --only --interactive
 			"
 		return
 	esac
 	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
+_git_describe ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--all --tags --contains --abbrev= --candidates=
+			--exact-match --debug --long --match --always
+			"
+		return
+	esac
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+}
+
+__git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
+			--patch-with-stat --name-only --name-status --color
+			--no-color --color-words --no-renames --check
+			--full-index --binary --abbrev --diff-filter=
+			--find-copies-harder
+			--text --ignore-space-at-eol --ignore-space-change
+			--ignore-all-space --exit-code --quiet --ext-diff
+			--no-ext-diff
+			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
+			--inter-hunk-context=
+			--patience
+			--raw
+"
+
 _git_diff ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
+			--base --ours --theirs
+			$__git_diff_common_options
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
-_git_diff_tree ()
+__git_mergetools_common="diffuse ecmerge emerge kdiff3 meld opendiff
+			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis
+"
+
+_git_difftool ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--tool=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common kompare" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--tool="
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
+__git_fetch_options="
+	--quiet --verbose --append --upload-pack --force --keep --depth=
+	--tags --no-tags
+"
+
 _git_fetch ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[0]},$COMP_CWORD" in
-	git-fetch*,1)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-		;;
-	git,2)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-		;;
-	*)
-		case "$cur" in
-		*:*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*:}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			local remote
-			case "${COMP_WORDS[0]}" in
-			git-fetch) remote="${COMP_WORDS[1]}" ;;
-			git)       remote="${COMP_WORDS[2]}" ;;
-			esac
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")"
-			;;
-		esac
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_fetch_options"
+		return
 		;;
 	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_format_patch ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
+	--thread=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			deep shallow
+			" "" "${cur##--thread=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--stdout --attach --thread
+			--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread=
 			--output-directory
 			--numbered --start-number
+			--numbered-files
 			--keep-subject
 			--signoff
-			--in-reply-to=
+			--in-reply-to= --cc=
 			--full-index --binary
 			--not --all
+			--cover-letter
+			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
+			--inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream
+			--subject-prefix=
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -537,12 +1006,105 @@ _git_format_patch ()
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
+_git_fsck ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--tags --root --unreachable --cache --no-reflogs --full
+			--strict --verbose --lost-found
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
 _git_gc ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--prune"
+		__gitcomp "--prune --aggressive"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+_git_grep ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--cached
+			--text --ignore-case --word-regexp --invert-match
+			--full-name
+			--extended-regexp --basic-regexp --fixed-strings
+			--files-with-matches --name-only
+			--files-without-match
+			--count
+			--and --or --not --all-match
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+_git_help ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--all --info --man --web"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_all_commands)
+		attributes cli core-tutorial cvs-migration
+		diffcore gitk glossary hooks ignore modules
+		repository-layout tutorial tutorial-2
+		workflows
+		"
+}
+
+_git_init ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--shared=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			false true umask group all world everybody
+			" "" "${cur##--shared=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--quiet --bare --template= --shared --shared="
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+_git_ls_files ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --deleted --modified --others --ignored
+			--stage --directory --no-empty-directory --unmerged
+			--killed --exclude= --exclude-from=
+			--exclude-per-directory= --exclude-standard
+			--error-unmatch --with-tree= --full-name
+			--abbrev --ignored --exclude-per-directory
+			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -559,28 +1121,73 @@ _git_ls_tree ()
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
+# Options that go well for log, shortlog and gitk
+__git_log_common_options="
+	--not --all
+	--branches --tags --remotes
+	--first-parent --merges --no-merges
+	--max-count=
+	--max-age= --since= --after=
+	--min-age= --until= --before=
+"
+# Options that go well for log and gitk (not shortlog)
+__git_log_gitk_options="
+	--dense --sparse --full-history
+	--simplify-merges --simplify-by-decoration
+	--left-right
+"
+# Options that go well for log and shortlog (not gitk)
+__git_log_shortlog_options="
+	--author= --committer= --grep=
+	--all-match
+"
+
+__git_log_pretty_formats="oneline short medium full fuller email raw format:"
+__git_log_date_formats="relative iso8601 rfc2822 short local default raw"
+
 _git_log ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	local merge=""
+	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+		merge="--merge"
+	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			oneline short medium full fuller email raw
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--format=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--date=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats" "" "${cur##--date=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--max-count= --max-age= --since= --after=
-			--min-age= --before= --until=
-			--root --not --topo-order --date-order
-			--no-merges
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_shortlog_options
+			$__git_log_gitk_options
+			--root --topo-order --date-order --reverse
+			--follow --full-diff
 			--abbrev-commit --abbrev=
-			--relative-date
-			--author= --committer= --grep=
-			--all-match
-			--pretty= --name-status --name-only
-			--not --all
+			--relative-date --date=
+			--pretty= --format= --oneline
+			--cherry-pick
+			--graph
+			--decorate
+			--walk-reflogs
+			--parents --children
+			$merge
+			$__git_diff_common_options
+			--pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -588,26 +1195,38 @@ _git_log ()
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
+__git_merge_options="
+	--no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy
+	--commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff
+"
+
 _git_merge ()
 {
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
-	-s|--strategy)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_options"
 		return
 	esac
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+}
+
+_git_mergetool ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
-	--strategy=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
+	--tool=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common tortoisemerge" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--no-commit --no-summary --squash --strategy
-			"
+		__gitcomp "--tool="
 		return
+		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_merge_base ()
@@ -615,6 +1234,18 @@ _git_merge_base ()
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
+_git_mv ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--dry-run"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
 _git_name_rev ()
 {
 	__gitcomp "--tags --all --stdin"
@@ -622,77 +1253,130 @@ _git_name_rev ()
 
 _git_pull ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
 
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[0]},$COMP_CWORD" in
-	git-pull*,1)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-		;;
-	git,2)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-		;;
-	*)
-		local remote
-		case "${COMP_WORDS[0]}" in
-		git-pull)  remote="${COMP_WORDS[1]}" ;;
-		git)       remote="${COMP_WORDS[2]}" ;;
-		esac
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--rebase --no-rebase
+			$__git_merge_options
+			$__git_fetch_options
+		"
+		return
 		;;
 	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_push ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[0]},$COMP_CWORD" in
-	git-push*,1)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-		;;
-	git,2)
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	--repo)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+		return
+	esac
+	case "$cur" in
+	--repo=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--repo=}"
+		return
 		;;
-	*)
-		case "$cur" in
-		*:*)
-			local remote
-			case "${COMP_WORDS[0]}" in
-			git-push)  remote="${COMP_WORDS[1]}" ;;
-			git)       remote="${COMP_WORDS[2]}" ;;
-			esac
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "" "${cur#*:}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2)"
-			;;
-		esac
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--all --mirror --tags --dry-run --force --verbose
+			--receive-pack= --repo=
+		"
+		return
 		;;
 	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_rebase ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	if [ -d .dotest ] || [ -d .git/.dotest-merge ]; then
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ] || [ -d "$dir"/rebase-merge ]; then
 		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort"
 		return
 	fi
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
-	-s|--strategy)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--onto --merge --strategy --interactive"
 		return
 	esac
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+}
+
+__git_send_email_confirm_options="always never auto cc compose"
+__git_send_email_suppresscc_options="author self cc bodycc sob cccmd body all"
+
+_git_send_email ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
-	--strategy=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
+	--confirm=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_send_email_confirm_options
+			" "" "${cur##--confirm=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--suppress-cc=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_send_email_suppresscc_options
+			" "" "${cur##--suppress-cc=}"
+
+		return
+		;;
+	--smtp-encryption=*)
+		__gitcomp "ssl tls" "" "${cur##--smtp-encryption=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--onto --merge --strategy"
+		__gitcomp "--annotate --bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to
+			--compose --confirm= --dry-run --envelope-sender
+			--from --identity
+			--in-reply-to --no-chain-reply-to --no-signed-off-by-cc
+			--no-suppress-from --no-thread --quiet
+			--signed-off-by-cc --smtp-pass --smtp-server
+			--smtp-server-port --smtp-encryption= --smtp-user
+			--subject --suppress-cc= --suppress-from --thread --to
+			--validate --no-validate"
 		return
+		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+__git_config_get_set_variables ()
+{
+	local prevword word config_file= c=$COMP_CWORD
+	while [ $c -gt 1 ]; do
+		word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$word" in
+		--global|--system|--file=*)
+			config_file="$word"
+			break
+			;;
+		-f|--file)
+			config_file="$word $prevword"
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		prevword=$word
+		c=$((--c))
+	done
+
+	git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config $config_file --list 2>/dev/null |
+	while read line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		*.*=*)
+			echo "${line/=*/}"
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
 }
 
 _git_config ()
@@ -726,17 +1410,46 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
 		return
 		;;
-	color.branch|color.diff|color.status)
+	color.branch|color.diff|color.interactive|\
+	color.showbranch|color.status|color.ui)
 		__gitcomp "always never auto"
 		return
 		;;
+	color.pager)
+		__gitcomp "false true"
+		return
+		;;
 	color.*.*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white
+			normal black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white
 			bold dim ul blink reverse
 			"
 		return
 		;;
+	help.format)
+		__gitcomp "man info web html"
+		return
+		;;
+	log.date)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.aliasesfiletype)
+		__gitcomp "mutt mailrc pine elm gnus"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.confirm)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_send_email_confirm_options"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.suppresscc)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_send_email_suppresscc_options"
+		return
+		;;
+	--get|--get-all|--unset|--unset-all)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_config_get_set_variables)"
+		return
+		;;
 	*.*)
 		COMPREPLY=()
 		return
@@ -745,16 +1458,18 @@ _git_config ()
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--global --list --replace-all
+			--global --system --file=
+			--list --replace-all
 			--get --get-all --get-regexp
 			--add --unset --unset-all
+			--remove-section --rename-section
 			"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
 		cur="${cur##*.}"
-		__gitcomp "remote merge" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		__gitcomp "remote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*)
@@ -763,10 +1478,46 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur" "."
 		return
 		;;
+	guitool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "
+			argprompt cmd confirm needsfile noconsole norescan
+			prompt revprompt revunmerged title
+			" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	difftool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	man.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	mergetool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path trustExitCode" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	pager.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur#*.}"
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_all_commands)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
 	remote.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
 		cur="${cur##*.}"
-		__gitcomp "url fetch push" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		__gitcomp "
+			url proxy fetch push mirror skipDefaultUpdate
+			receivepack uploadpack tagopt pushurl
+			" "$pfx" "$cur"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*)
@@ -775,102 +1526,255 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur" "."
 		return
 		;;
+	url.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "insteadof" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "
+		add.ignore-errors
+		alias.
 		apply.whitespace
-		core.fileMode
-		core.gitProxy
-		core.ignoreStat
-		core.preferSymlinkRefs
-		core.logAllRefUpdates
-		core.repositoryFormatVersion
-		core.sharedRepository
-		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
-		core.compression
-		core.legacyHeaders
-		core.packedGitWindowSize
-		core.packedGitLimit
+		branch.autosetupmerge
+		branch.autosetuprebase
+		clean.requireForce
 		color.branch
 		color.branch.current
 		color.branch.local
-		color.branch.remote
 		color.branch.plain
+		color.branch.remote
 		color.diff
-		color.diff.plain
-		color.diff.meta
+		color.diff.commit
 		color.diff.frag
-		color.diff.old
+		color.diff.meta
 		color.diff.new
-		color.diff.commit
+		color.diff.old
+		color.diff.plain
 		color.diff.whitespace
+		color.grep
+		color.grep.external
+		color.grep.match
+		color.interactive
+		color.interactive.header
+		color.interactive.help
+		color.interactive.prompt
 		color.pager
+		color.showbranch
 		color.status
-		color.status.header
 		color.status.added
 		color.status.changed
+		color.status.header
+		color.status.nobranch
 		color.status.untracked
+		color.status.updated
+		color.ui
+		commit.template
+		core.autocrlf
+		core.bare
+		core.compression
+		core.createObject
+		core.deltaBaseCacheLimit
+		core.editor
+		core.excludesfile
+		core.fileMode
+		core.fsyncobjectfiles
+		core.gitProxy
+		core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks
+		core.ignoreStat
+		core.logAllRefUpdates
+		core.loosecompression
+		core.packedGitLimit
+		core.packedGitWindowSize
+		core.pager
+		core.preferSymlinkRefs
+		core.preloadindex
+		core.quotepath
+		core.repositoryFormatVersion
+		core.safecrlf
+		core.sharedRepository
+		core.symlinks
+		core.trustctime
+		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
+		core.whitespace
+		core.worktree
+		diff.autorefreshindex
+		diff.external
+		diff.mnemonicprefix
 		diff.renameLimit
+		diff.renameLimit.
 		diff.renames
+		diff.suppressBlankEmpty
+		diff.tool
+		diff.wordRegex
+		difftool.
+		difftool.prompt
 		fetch.unpackLimit
+		format.attach
+		format.cc
 		format.headers
-		gitcvs.enabled
-		gitcvs.logfile
+		format.numbered
+		format.pretty
+		format.signoff
+		format.subjectprefix
+		format.suffix
+		format.thread
+		gc.aggressiveWindow
+		gc.auto
+		gc.autopacklimit
+		gc.packrefs
+		gc.pruneexpire
 		gc.reflogexpire
 		gc.reflogexpireunreachable
 		gc.rerereresolved
 		gc.rerereunresolved
-		http.sslVerify
-		http.sslCert
-		http.sslKey
-		http.sslCAInfo
-		http.sslCAPath
-		http.maxRequests
+		gitcvs.allbinary
+		gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
+		gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix
+		gitcvs.dbdriver
+		gitcvs.dbname
+		gitcvs.dbpass
+		gitcvs.dbuser
+		gitcvs.enabled
+		gitcvs.logfile
+		gitcvs.usecrlfattr
+		guitool.
+		gui.blamehistoryctx
+		gui.commitmsgwidth
+		gui.copyblamethreshold
+		gui.diffcontext
+		gui.encoding
+		gui.fastcopyblame
+		gui.matchtrackingbranch
+		gui.newbranchtemplate
+		gui.pruneduringfetch
+		gui.spellingdictionary
+		gui.trustmtime
+		help.autocorrect
+		help.browser
+		help.format
 		http.lowSpeedLimit
 		http.lowSpeedTime
+		http.maxRequests
 		http.noEPSV
+		http.proxy
+		http.sslCAInfo
+		http.sslCAPath
+		http.sslCert
+		http.sslKey
+		http.sslVerify
 		i18n.commitEncoding
 		i18n.logOutputEncoding
+		imap.folder
+		imap.host
+		imap.pass
+		imap.port
+		imap.preformattedHTML
+		imap.sslverify
+		imap.tunnel
+		imap.user
+		instaweb.browser
+		instaweb.httpd
+		instaweb.local
+		instaweb.modulepath
+		instaweb.port
+		interactive.singlekey
+		log.date
 		log.showroot
-		merge.summary
+		mailmap.file
+		man.
+		man.viewer
+		merge.conflictstyle
+		merge.log
+		merge.renameLimit
+		merge.stat
+		merge.tool
 		merge.verbosity
+		mergetool.
+		mergetool.keepBackup
+		mergetool.prompt
+		pack.compression
+		pack.deltaCacheLimit
+		pack.deltaCacheSize
+		pack.depth
+		pack.indexVersion
+		pack.packSizeLimit
+		pack.threads
 		pack.window
+		pack.windowMemory
+		pager.
 		pull.octopus
 		pull.twohead
-		repack.useDeltaBaseOffset
-		show.difftree
+		push.default
+		rebase.stat
+		receive.denyCurrentBranch
+		receive.denyDeletes
+		receive.denyNonFastForwards
+		receive.fsckObjects
+		receive.unpackLimit
+		repack.usedeltabaseoffset
+		rerere.autoupdate
+		rerere.enabled
+		sendemail.aliasesfile
+		sendemail.aliasesfiletype
+		sendemail.bcc
+		sendemail.cc
+		sendemail.cccmd
+		sendemail.chainreplyto
+		sendemail.confirm
+		sendemail.envelopesender
+		sendemail.multiedit
+		sendemail.signedoffbycc
+		sendemail.smtpencryption
+		sendemail.smtppass
+		sendemail.smtpserver
+		sendemail.smtpserverport
+		sendemail.smtpuser
+		sendemail.suppresscc
+		sendemail.suppressfrom
+		sendemail.thread
+		sendemail.to
+		sendemail.validate
 		showbranch.default
+		status.relativePaths
+		status.showUntrackedFiles
 		tar.umask
 		transfer.unpackLimit
-		receive.unpackLimit
-		receive.denyNonFastForwards
-		user.name
+		url.
 		user.email
+		user.name
 		user.signingkey
-		whatchanged.difftree
+		web.browser
 		branch. remote.
 	"
 }
 
 _git_remote ()
 {
-	local i c=1 command
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
-		case "$i" in
-		add|show|prune) command="$i"; break ;;
-		esac
-		c=$((++c))
-	done
-
-	if [ $c -eq $COMP_CWORD -a -z "$command" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "add show prune"
+	local subcommands="add rename rm show prune update set-head"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 		return
 	fi
 
-	case "$command" in
-	show|prune)
+	case "$subcommand" in
+	rename|rm|show|prune)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
 		;;
+	update)
+		local i c='' IFS=$'\n'
+		for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --list); do
+			case "$i" in
+			remotes.*)
+				i="${i#remotes.}"
+				c="$c ${i/=*/}"
+				;;
+			esac
+		done
+		__gitcomp "$c"
+		;;
 	*)
 		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
@@ -879,34 +1783,284 @@ _git_remote ()
 
 _git_reset ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--merge --mixed --hard --soft"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+}
+
+_git_revert ()
+{
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--mixed --hard --soft"
+		__gitcomp "--edit --mainline --no-edit --no-commit --signoff"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
+_git_rm ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --dry-run --ignore-unmatch --quiet"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
+_git_shortlog ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_shortlog_options
+			--numbered --summary
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_revlist
+}
+
 _git_show ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			oneline short medium full fuller email raw
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--format=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--pretty="
+		__gitcomp "--pretty= --format= --abbrev-commit --oneline
+			$__git_diff_common_options
+			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
+_git_show_branch ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--all --remotes --topo-order --current --more=
+			--list --independent --merge-base --no-name
+			--color --no-color
+			--sha1-name --sparse --topics --reflog
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_revlist
+}
+
+_git_stash ()
+{
+	local subcommands='save list show apply clear drop pop create branch'
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+	else
+		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+		save,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--keep-index"
+			;;
+		apply,--*|pop,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--index"
+			;;
+		show,--*|drop,--*|branch,--*)
+			COMPREPLY=()
+			;;
+		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*)
+			__gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \
+					| sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')"
+			;;
+		*)
+			COMPREPLY=()
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
+}
+
+_git_submodule ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local subcommands="add status init update summary foreach sync"
+	if [ -z "$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")" ]; then
+		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+		case "$cur" in
+		--*)
+			__gitcomp "--quiet --cached"
+			;;
+		*)
+			__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+			;;
+		esac
+		return
+	fi
+}
+
+_git_svn ()
+{
+	local subcommands="
+		init fetch clone rebase dcommit log find-rev
+		set-tree commit-diff info create-ignore propget
+		proplist show-ignore show-externals branch tag blame
+		migrate
+		"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+	else
+		local remote_opts="--username= --config-dir= --no-auth-cache"
+		local fc_opts="
+			--follow-parent --authors-file= --repack=
+			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
+			--log-window-size= --no-checkout --quiet
+			--repack-flags --use-log-author --localtime
+			--ignore-paths= $remote_opts
+			"
+		local init_opts="
+			--template= --shared= --trunk= --tags=
+			--branches= --stdlayout --minimize-url
+			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
+			--rewrite-root= --prefix= --use-log-author
+			--add-author-from $remote_opts
+			"
+		local cmt_opts="
+			--edit --rmdir --find-copies-harder --copy-similarity=
+			"
+
+		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+		fetch,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--revision= --fetch-all $fc_opts"
+			;;
+		clone,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--revision= $fc_opts $init_opts"
+			;;
+		init,--*)
+			__gitcomp "$init_opts"
+			;;
+		dcommit,--*)
+			__gitcomp "
+				--merge --strategy= --verbose --dry-run
+				--fetch-all --no-rebase --commit-url
+				--revision $cmt_opts $fc_opts
+				"
+			;;
+		set-tree,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--stdin $cmt_opts $fc_opts"
+			;;
+		create-ignore,--*|propget,--*|proplist,--*|show-ignore,--*|\
+		show-externals,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--revision="
+			;;
+		log,--*)
+			__gitcomp "
+				--limit= --revision= --verbose --incremental
+				--oneline --show-commit --non-recursive
+				--authors-file= --color
+				"
+			;;
+		rebase,--*)
+			__gitcomp "
+				--merge --verbose --strategy= --local
+				--fetch-all --dry-run $fc_opts
+				"
+			;;
+		commit-diff,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--message= --file= --revision= $cmt_opts"
+			;;
+		info,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--url"
+			;;
+		branch,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--dry-run --message --tag"
+			;;
+		tag,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--dry-run --message"
+			;;
+		blame,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--git-format"
+			;;
+		migrate,--*)
+			__gitcomp "
+				--config-dir= --ignore-paths= --minimize
+				--no-auth-cache --username=
+				"
+			;;
+		*)
+			COMPREPLY=()
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
+}
+
+_git_tag ()
+{
+	local i c=1 f=0
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$i" in
+		-d|-v)
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_tags)"
+			return
+			;;
+		-f)
+			f=1
+			;;
+		esac
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	-m|-F)
+		COMPREPLY=()
+		;;
+	-*|tag)
+		if [ $f = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_tags)"
+		else
+			COMPREPLY=()
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 _git ()
 {
 	local i c=1 command __git_dir
@@ -916,17 +2070,28 @@ _git ()
 		case "$i" in
 		--git-dir=*) __git_dir="${i#--git-dir=}" ;;
 		--bare)      __git_dir="." ;;
-		--version|--help|-p|--paginate) ;;
+		--version|-p|--paginate) ;;
+		--help) command="help"; break ;;
 		*) command="$i"; break ;;
 		esac
 		c=$((++c))
 	done
 
-	if [ $c -eq $COMP_CWORD -a -z "$command" ]; then
+	if [ -z "$command" ]; then
 		case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
-		--*=*) COMPREPLY=() ;;
-		--*)   __gitcomp "--git-dir= --bare --version --exec-path" ;;
-		*)     __gitcomp "$(__git_commands) $(__git_aliases)" ;;
+		--*)   __gitcomp "
+			--paginate
+			--no-pager
+			--git-dir=
+			--bare
+			--version
+			--exec-path
+			--html-path
+			--work-tree=
+			--help
+			"
+			;;
+		*)     __gitcomp "$(__git_porcelain_commands) $(__git_aliases)" ;;
 		esac
 		return
 	fi
@@ -938,31 +2103,52 @@ _git ()
 	am)          _git_am ;;
 	add)         _git_add ;;
 	apply)       _git_apply ;;
+	archive)     _git_archive ;;
 	bisect)      _git_bisect ;;
+	bundle)      _git_bundle ;;
 	branch)      _git_branch ;;
 	checkout)    _git_checkout ;;
 	cherry)      _git_cherry ;;
 	cherry-pick) _git_cherry_pick ;;
+	clean)       _git_clean ;;
+	clone)       _git_clone ;;
 	commit)      _git_commit ;;
 	config)      _git_config ;;
+	describe)    _git_describe ;;
 	diff)        _git_diff ;;
-	diff-tree)   _git_diff_tree ;;
+	difftool)    _git_difftool ;;
 	fetch)       _git_fetch ;;
 	format-patch) _git_format_patch ;;
+	fsck)        _git_fsck ;;
 	gc)          _git_gc ;;
+	grep)        _git_grep ;;
+	help)        _git_help ;;
+	init)        _git_init ;;
 	log)         _git_log ;;
+	ls-files)    _git_ls_files ;;
 	ls-remote)   _git_ls_remote ;;
 	ls-tree)     _git_ls_tree ;;
 	merge)       _git_merge;;
+	mergetool)   _git_mergetool;;
 	merge-base)  _git_merge_base ;;
+	mv)          _git_mv ;;
 	name-rev)    _git_name_rev ;;
 	pull)        _git_pull ;;
 	push)        _git_push ;;
 	rebase)      _git_rebase ;;
 	remote)      _git_remote ;;
 	reset)       _git_reset ;;
+	revert)      _git_revert ;;
+	rm)          _git_rm ;;
+	send-email)  _git_send_email ;;
+	shortlog)    _git_shortlog ;;
 	show)        _git_show ;;
-	show-branch) _git_log ;;
+	show-branch) _git_show_branch ;;
+	stash)       _git_stash ;;
+	stage)       _git_add ;;
+	submodule)   _git_submodule ;;
+	svn)         _git_svn ;;
+	tag)         _git_tag ;;
 	whatchanged) _git_log ;;
 	*)           COMPREPLY=() ;;
 	esac
@@ -970,67 +2156,37 @@ _git ()
 
 _gitk ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local g="$(__gitdir)"
+	local merge=""
+	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+		merge="--merge"
+	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--not --all"
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_gitk_options
+			$merge
+			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_am git-am
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_apply git-apply
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_bisect git-bisect
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_branch git-branch
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_checkout git-checkout
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_cherry git-cherry
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_cherry_pick git-cherry-pick
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_commit git-commit
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_diff git-diff
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_diff_tree git-diff-tree
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_fetch git-fetch
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_format_patch git-format-patch
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_gc git-gc
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-log
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_ls_remote git-ls-remote
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_ls_tree git-ls-tree
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_merge git-merge
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_merge_base git-merge-base
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_name_rev git-name-rev
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_pull git-pull
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_push git-push
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_rebase git-rebase
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_config git-config
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_remote git-remote
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_reset git-reset
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_show git-show
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-show-branch
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-whatchanged
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk
 
 # The following are necessary only for Cygwin, and only are needed
 # when the user has tab-completed the executable name and consequently
 # included the '.exe' suffix.
 #
 if [ Cygwin = "$(uname -o 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_add git-add.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_apply git-apply.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_branch git-branch.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_cherry git-cherry.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_diff git-diff.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_diff_tree git-diff-tree.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_format_patch git-format-patch.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-log.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_ls_tree git-ls-tree.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_merge_base git-merge-base.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_name_rev git-name-rev.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_push git-push.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_config git-config
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_show git-show.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-show-branch.exe
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git_log git-whatchanged.exe
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
 fi
diff --git a/convert-objects.c b/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
index 4809f9199f..f3b57bf1d2 100644
--- a/convert-objects.c
+++ b/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ static void convert_ascii_sha1(void *buffer)
 	struct entry *entry;
 
 	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
-		die("expected sha1, got '%s'", (char*) buffer);
+		die("expected sha1, got '%s'", (char *) buffer);
 	entry = convert_entry(sha1);
 	memcpy(buffer, sha1_to_hex(entry->new_sha1), 40);
 }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ static int write_subdirectory(void *buffer, unsigned long size, const char *base
 		unsigned int mode;
 		char *slash, *origpath;
 
-		if (!path || sscanf(buffer, "%o", &mode) != 1)
+		if (!path || strtoul_ui(buffer, 8, &mode))
 			die("bad tree conversion");
 		mode = convert_mode(mode);
 		path++;
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static int write_subdirectory(void *buffer, unsigned long size, const char *base
 		if (!slash) {
 			newlen += sprintf(new + newlen, "%o %s", mode, path);
 			new[newlen++] = '\0';
-			hashcpy((unsigned char*)new + newlen, (unsigned char *) buffer + len - 20);
+			hashcpy((unsigned char *)new + newlen, (unsigned char *) buffer + len - 20);
 			newlen += 20;
 
 			used += len;
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ static unsigned long parse_oldstyle_date(const char *buf)
 		fmt++;
 	} while (*buf && *fmt);
 	printf("left: %s\n", buf);
-	return mktime(&tm);				
+	return mktime(&tm);
 }
 
 static int convert_date_line(char *dst, void **buf, unsigned long *sp)
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ static void convert_commit(void *buffer, unsigned long size, unsigned char *resu
 	unsigned long orig_size = size;
 
 	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
-		die("Bad commit '%s'", (char*) buffer);
+		die("Bad commit '%s'", (char *) buffer);
 	convert_ascii_sha1((char *) buffer + 5);
 	buffer = (char *) buffer + 46;    /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
 	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
diff --git a/Documentation/git-convert-objects.txt b/contrib/convert-objects/git-convert-objects.txt
index b1220c06e1..9718abf86d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-convert-objects.txt
+++ b/contrib/convert-objects/git-convert-objects.txt
@@ -26,4 +26,3 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/Makefile b/contrib/emacs/Makefile
index 98aa0aae9b..24d9312941 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/emacs/Makefile
@@ -2,19 +2,20 @@
 
 EMACS = emacs
 
-ELC = git.elc vc-git.elc git-blame.elc
+ELC = git.elc git-blame.elc
 INSTALL ?= install
 INSTALL_ELC = $(INSTALL) -m 644
 prefix ?= $(HOME)
 emacsdir = $(prefix)/share/emacs/site-lisp
+RM ?= rm -f
 
 all: $(ELC)
 
 install: all
 	$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(emacsdir)
-	$(INSTALL_ELC) $(ELC) $(DESTDIR)$(emacsdir)
+	$(INSTALL_ELC) $(ELC:.elc=.el) $(ELC) $(DESTDIR)$(emacsdir)
 
 %.elc: %.el
 	$(EMACS) -batch -f batch-byte-compile $<
 
-clean:; rm -f $(ELC)
+clean:; $(RM) $(ELC)
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/README b/contrib/emacs/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82368bdbff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/emacs/README
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+This directory contains various modules for Emacs support.
+
+To make the modules available to Emacs, you should add this directory
+to your load-path, and then require the modules you want. This can be
+done by adding to your .emacs something like this:
+
+  (add-to-list 'load-path ".../git/contrib/emacs")
+  (require 'git)
+  (require 'git-blame)
+
+
+The following modules are available:
+
+* git.el:
+
+  Status manager that displays the state of all the files of the
+  project, and provides easy access to the most frequently used git
+  commands. The user interface is as far as possible compatible with
+  the pcl-cvs mode. It can be started with `M-x git-status'.
+
+* git-blame.el:
+
+  Emacs implementation of incremental git-blame.  When you turn it on
+  while viewing a file, the editor buffer will be updated by setting
+  the background of individual lines to a color that reflects which
+  commit it comes from.  And when you move around the buffer, a
+  one-line summary will be shown in the echo area.
+
+* vc-git.el:
+
+  This file used to contain the VC-mode backend for git, but it is no
+  longer distributed with git. It is now maintained as part of Emacs
+  and included in standard Emacs distributions starting from version
+  22.2.
+
+  If you have an earlier Emacs version, upgrading to Emacs 22 is
+  recommended, since the VC mode in older Emacs is not generic enough
+  to be able to support git in a reasonable manner, and no attempt has
+  been made to backport vc-git.el.
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
index bb671d561e..4fa70c5ad4 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
@@ -105,6 +105,13 @@ selected element from l."
      (setq ,l (remove e ,l))
      e))
 
+(defvar git-blame-log-oneline-format
+  "format:[%cr] %cn: %s"
+  "*Formatting option used for describing current line in the minibuffer.
+
+This option is used to pass to git log --pretty= command-line option,
+and describe which commit the current line was made.")
+
 (defvar git-blame-dark-colors
   (git-blame-color-scale "0c" "04" "24" "1c" "2c" "34" "14" "3c")
   "*List of colors (format #RGB) to use in a dark environment.
@@ -371,9 +378,10 @@ See also function `git-blame-mode'."
 (defun git-describe-commit (hash)
   (with-temp-buffer
     (call-process "git" nil t nil
-                  "log" "-1" "--pretty=oneline"
+                  "log" "-1"
+		  (concat "--pretty=" git-blame-log-oneline-format)
                   hash)
-    (buffer-substring (point-min) (1- (point-max)))))
+    (buffer-substring (point-min) (point-max))))
 
 (defvar git-blame-last-identification nil)
 (make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-last-identification)
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index 2f9995ea39..eace9c18eb 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ;;; git.el --- A user interface for git
 
-;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
+;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
 
 ;; Version: 1.0
 
@@ -34,22 +34,27 @@
 ;; To start: `M-x git-status'
 ;;
 ;; TODO
-;;  - portability to XEmacs
-;;  - better handling of subprocess errors
-;;  - hook into file save (after-save-hook)
 ;;  - diff against other branch
 ;;  - renaming files from the status buffer
 ;;  - creating tags
 ;;  - fetch/pull
-;;  - switching branches
 ;;  - revlist browser
 ;;  - git-show-branch browser
-;;  - menus
+;;
+
+;;; Compatibility:
+;;
+;; This file works on GNU Emacs 21 or later. It may work on older
+;; versions but this is not guaranteed.
+;;
+;; It may work on XEmacs 21, provided that you first install the ewoc
+;; and log-edit packages.
 ;;
 
 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
 (require 'ewoc)
 (require 'log-edit)
+(require 'easymenu)
 
 
 ;;;; Customizations
@@ -97,49 +102,73 @@ if there is already one that displays the same directory."
   :group 'git
   :type 'string)
 
+(defcustom git-show-uptodate nil
+  "Whether to display up-to-date files."
+  :group 'git
+  :type 'boolean)
+
+(defcustom git-show-ignored nil
+  "Whether to display ignored files."
+  :group 'git
+  :type 'boolean)
+
+(defcustom git-show-unknown t
+  "Whether to display unknown files."
+  :group 'git
+  :type 'boolean)
+
 
 (defface git-status-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "purple")))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "purple"))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "salmon")))
   "Git mode face used to highlight added and modified files."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-unmerged-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t)))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "red" :bold t)))
   "Git mode face used to highlight unmerged files."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-unknown-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "goldenrod" :bold t)))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "goldenrod" :bold t))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "goldenrod" :bold t)))
   "Git mode face used to highlight unknown files."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-uptodate-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60")))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60"))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "grey40")))
   "Git mode face used to highlight up-to-date files."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-ignored-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60")))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60"))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "grey40")))
   "Git mode face used to highlight ignored files."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-mark-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t)))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "tomato" :bold t)))
   "Git mode face used for the file marks."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-header-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "blue")))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "blue"))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "blue")))
   "Git mode face used for commit headers."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-separator-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "brown")))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "brown"))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "brown")))
   "Git mode face used for commit separator."
   :group 'git)
 
 (defface git-permission-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "green" :bold t)))
+  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "green" :bold t))
+    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "green" :bold t)))
   "Git mode face used for permission changes."
   :group 'git)
 
@@ -150,7 +179,7 @@ if there is already one that displays the same directory."
 (defconst git-log-msg-separator "--- log message follows this line ---")
 
 (defvar git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords
-  `(("^\\(Author:\\|Date:\\|Parent:\\|Signed-off-by:\\)\\(.*\\)$"
+  `(("^\\(Author:\\|Date:\\|Merge:\\|Signed-off-by:\\)\\(.*\\)$"
      (1 font-lock-keyword-face)
      (2 font-lock-function-name-face))
     (,(concat "^\\(" (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "\\)$")
@@ -160,20 +189,38 @@ if there is already one that displays the same directory."
   "Build a list of NAME=VALUE strings from a list of environment strings."
   (mapcar (lambda (entry) (concat (car entry) "=" (cdr entry))) env))
 
-(defun git-call-process-env (buffer env &rest args)
+(defun git-call-process (buffer &rest args)
   "Wrapper for call-process that sets environment strings."
-  (if env
-      (apply #'call-process "env" nil buffer nil
-             (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
-    (apply #'call-process "git" nil buffer nil args)))
-
-(defun git-call-process-env-string (env &rest args)
-  "Wrapper for call-process that sets environment strings,
-and returns the process output as a string."
+  (apply #'call-process "git" nil buffer nil args))
+
+(defun git-call-process-display-error (&rest args)
+  "Wrapper for call-process that displays error messages."
+  (let* ((dir default-directory)
+         (buffer (get-buffer-create "*Git Command Output*"))
+         (ok (with-current-buffer buffer
+               (let ((default-directory dir)
+                     (buffer-read-only nil))
+                 (erase-buffer)
+                 (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process (list buffer t) args))))))
+    (unless ok (display-message-or-buffer buffer))
+    ok))
+
+(defun git-call-process-string (&rest args)
+  "Wrapper for call-process that returns the process output as a string,
+or nil if the git command failed."
   (with-temp-buffer
-    (and (eq 0 (apply #' git-call-process-env t env args))
+    (and (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process t args))
          (buffer-string))))
 
+(defun git-call-process-string-display-error (&rest args)
+  "Wrapper for call-process that displays error message and returns
+the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
+  (with-temp-buffer
+    (if (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process (list t t) args))
+        (buffer-string)
+      (display-message-or-buffer (current-buffer))
+      nil)))
+
 (defun git-run-process-region (buffer start end program args)
   "Run a git process with a buffer region as input."
   (let ((output-buffer (current-buffer))
@@ -181,7 +228,7 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (with-current-buffer buffer
       (cd dir)
       (apply #'call-process-region start end program
-             nil (list output-buffer nil) nil args))))
+             nil (list output-buffer t) nil args))))
 
 (defun git-run-command-buffer (buffer-name &rest args)
   "Run a git command, sending the output to a buffer named BUFFER-NAME."
@@ -192,26 +239,21 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
       (let ((default-directory dir)
             (buffer-read-only nil))
         (erase-buffer)
-        (apply #'git-call-process-env buffer nil args)))
+        (apply #'git-call-process buffer args)))
     (message "Running git %s...done" (car args))
     buffer))
 
-(defun git-run-command (buffer env &rest args)
-  (message "Running git %s..." (car args))
-  (apply #'git-call-process-env buffer env args)
-  (message "Running git %s...done" (car args)))
-
 (defun git-run-command-region (buffer start end env &rest args)
   "Run a git command with specified buffer region as input."
-  (message "Running git %s..." (car args))
-  (unless (eq 0 (if env
-                    (git-run-process-region
-                     buffer start end "env"
-                     (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
+  (with-temp-buffer
+    (if (eq 0 (if env
                   (git-run-process-region
-                   buffer start end "git" args)))
-    (error "Failed to run \"git %s\":\n%s" (mapconcat (lambda (x) x) args " ") (buffer-string)))
-  (message "Running git %s...done" (car args)))
+                   buffer start end "env"
+                   (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
+                (git-run-process-region buffer start end "git" args)))
+        (buffer-string)
+      (display-message-or-buffer (current-buffer))
+      nil)))
 
 (defun git-run-hook (hook env &rest args)
   "Run a git hook and display its output if any."
@@ -288,12 +330,19 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
               "\"")
     name))
 
+(defun git-success-message (text files)
+  "Print a success message after having handled FILES."
+  (let ((n (length files)))
+    (if (equal n 1)
+        (message "%s %s" text (car files))
+      (message "%s %d files" text n))))
+
 (defun git-get-top-dir (dir)
   "Retrieve the top-level directory of a git tree."
   (let ((cdup (with-output-to-string
                 (with-current-buffer standard-output
                   (cd dir)
-                  (unless (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil t nil "rev-parse" "--show-cdup"))
+                  (unless (eq 0 (git-call-process t "rev-parse" "--show-cdup"))
                     (error "cannot find top-level git tree for %s." dir))))))
     (expand-file-name (concat (file-name-as-directory dir)
                               (car (split-string cdup "\n"))))))
@@ -314,8 +363,8 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (sort-lines nil (point-min) (point-max))
     (save-buffer))
   (when created
-    (git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--info-only" "--add" "--" (file-relative-name ignore-name)))
-  (git-add-status-file (if created 'added 'modified) (file-relative-name ignore-name))))
+    (git-call-process nil "update-index" "--add" "--" (file-relative-name ignore-name)))
+  (git-update-status-files (list (file-relative-name ignore-name)))))
 
 ; propertize definition for XEmacs, stolen from erc-compat
 (eval-when-compile
@@ -333,39 +382,61 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 (defun git-rev-parse (rev)
   "Parse a revision name and return its SHA1."
   (git-get-string-sha1
-   (git-call-process-env-string nil "rev-parse" rev)))
+   (git-call-process-string "rev-parse" rev)))
 
 (defun git-config (key)
   "Retrieve the value associated to KEY in the git repository config file."
-  (let ((str (git-call-process-env-string nil "config" key)))
+  (let ((str (git-call-process-string "config" key)))
     (and str (car (split-string str "\n")))))
 
 (defun git-symbolic-ref (ref)
   "Wrapper for the git-symbolic-ref command."
-  (let ((str (git-call-process-env-string nil "symbolic-ref" ref)))
+  (let ((str (git-call-process-string "symbolic-ref" ref)))
     (and str (car (split-string str "\n")))))
 
-(defun git-update-ref (ref val &optional oldval)
+(defun git-update-ref (ref newval &optional oldval reason)
   "Update a reference by calling git-update-ref."
-  (apply #'git-call-process-env nil nil "update-ref" ref val (if oldval (list oldval))))
+  (let ((args (and oldval (list oldval))))
+    (when newval (push newval args))
+    (push ref args)
+    (when reason
+     (push reason args)
+     (push "-m" args))
+    (unless newval (push "-d" args))
+    (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-ref" args)))
+
+(defun git-for-each-ref (&rest specs)
+  "Return a list of refs using git-for-each-ref.
+Each entry is a cons of (SHORT-NAME . FULL-NAME)."
+  (let (refs)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (apply #'git-call-process t "for-each-ref" "--format=%(refname)" specs)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward "^[^/\n]+/[^/\n]+/\\(.+\\)$" nil t)
+	(push (cons (match-string 1) (match-string 0)) refs)))
+    (nreverse refs)))
 
 (defun git-read-tree (tree &optional index-file)
   "Read a tree into the index file."
-  (apply #'git-call-process-env nil
-         (if index-file `(("GIT_INDEX_FILE" . ,index-file)) nil)
-         "read-tree" (if tree (list tree))))
+  (let ((process-environment
+         (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file))) process-environment)))
+    (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "read-tree" (if tree (list tree)))))
 
 (defun git-write-tree (&optional index-file)
   "Call git-write-tree and return the resulting tree SHA1 as a string."
-  (git-get-string-sha1
-   (git-call-process-env-string (and index-file `(("GIT_INDEX_FILE" . ,index-file))) "write-tree")))
+  (let ((process-environment
+         (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file))) process-environment)))
+    (git-get-string-sha1
+     (git-call-process-string-display-error "write-tree"))))
 
 (defun git-commit-tree (buffer tree head)
   "Call git-commit-tree with buffer as input and return the resulting commit SHA1."
   (let ((author-name (git-get-committer-name))
         (author-email (git-get-committer-email))
+        (subject "commit (initial): ")
         author-date log-start log-end args coding-system-for-write)
     (when head
+      (setq subject "commit: ")
       (push "-p" args)
       (push head args))
     (with-current-buffer buffer
@@ -382,28 +453,33 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
             (when (re-search-forward "^Date: +\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
               (setq author-date (match-string 1)))
             (goto-char (point-min))
-            (while (re-search-forward "^Parent: +\\([0-9a-f]+\\)" nil t)
-              (unless (string-equal head (match-string 1))
+            (when (re-search-forward "^Merge: +\\(.*\\)" nil t)
+              (setq subject "commit (merge): ")
+              (dolist (parent (split-string (match-string 1) " +" t))
                 (push "-p" args)
-                (push (match-string 1) args))))
+                (push parent args))))
         (setq log-start (point-min)))
       (setq log-end (point-max))
+      (goto-char log-start)
+      (when (re-search-forward ".*$" nil t)
+        (setq subject (concat subject (match-string 0))))
       (setq coding-system-for-write buffer-file-coding-system))
-    (git-get-string-sha1
-     (with-output-to-string
-       (with-current-buffer standard-output
-         (let ((env `(("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" . ,author-name)
-                      ("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" . ,author-email)
-                      ("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" . ,(git-get-committer-name))
-                      ("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" . ,(git-get-committer-email)))))
-           (when author-date (push `("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" . ,author-date) env))
-           (apply #'git-run-command-region
-                  buffer log-start log-end env
-                  "commit-tree" tree (nreverse args))))))))
+    (let ((commit
+           (git-get-string-sha1
+            (let ((env `(("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" . ,author-name)
+                         ("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" . ,author-email)
+                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" . ,(git-get-committer-name))
+                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" . ,(git-get-committer-email)))))
+              (when author-date (push `("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" . ,author-date) env))
+              (apply #'git-run-command-region
+                     buffer log-start log-end env
+                     "commit-tree" tree (nreverse args))))))
+      (when commit (git-update-ref "HEAD" commit head subject))
+      commit)))
 
 (defun git-empty-db-p ()
   "Check if the git db is empty (no commit done yet)."
-  (not (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil nil nil "rev-parse" "--verify" "HEAD"))))
+  (not (eq 0 (git-call-process nil "rev-parse" "--verify" "HEAD"))))
 
 (defun git-get-merge-heads ()
   "Retrieve the merge heads from the MERGE_HEAD file if present."
@@ -419,7 +495,7 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 (defun git-get-commit-description (commit)
   "Get a one-line description of COMMIT."
   (let ((coding-system-for-read (git-get-logoutput-coding-system)))
-    (let ((descr (git-call-process-env-string nil "log" "--max-count=1" "--pretty=oneline" commit)))
+    (let ((descr (git-call-process-string "log" "--max-count=1" "--pretty=oneline" commit)))
       (if (and descr (string-match "\\`\\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\) *\\(.*\\)$" descr))
           (concat (substring (match-string 1 descr) 0 10) " - " (match-string 2 descr))
         descr))))
@@ -438,22 +514,42 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
   old-perm new-perm   ;; permission flags
   rename-state        ;; rename or copy state
   orig-name           ;; original name for renames or copies
+  needs-update        ;; whether file needs to be updated
   needs-refresh)      ;; whether file needs to be refreshed
 
 (defvar git-status nil)
 
-(defun git-clear-status (status)
-  "Remove everything from the status list."
-  (ewoc-filter status (lambda (info) nil)))
-
-(defun git-set-files-state (files state)
-  "Set the state of a list of files."
-  (dolist (info files)
-    (unless (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) state)
-      (setf (git-fileinfo->state info) state)
-      (setf (git-fileinfo->rename-state info) nil)
-      (setf (git-fileinfo->orig-name info) nil)
-      (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t))))
+(defun git-set-fileinfo-state (info state)
+  "Set the state of a file info."
+  (unless (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) state)
+    (setf (git-fileinfo->state info) state
+	  (git-fileinfo->new-perm info) (git-fileinfo->old-perm info)
+          (git-fileinfo->rename-state info) nil
+          (git-fileinfo->orig-name info) nil
+          (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) nil
+          (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t)))
+
+(defun git-status-filenames-map (status func files &rest args)
+  "Apply FUNC to the status files names in the FILES list.
+The list must be sorted."
+  (when files
+    (let ((file (pop files))
+          (node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
+      (while (and file node)
+        (let* ((info (ewoc-data node))
+               (name (git-fileinfo->name info)))
+          (if (string-lessp name file)
+              (setq node (ewoc-next status node))
+            (if (string-equal name file)
+                (apply func info args))
+            (setq file (pop files))))))))
+
+(defun git-set-filenames-state (status files state)
+  "Set the state of a list of named files. The list must be sorted"
+  (when files
+    (git-status-filenames-map status #'git-set-fileinfo-state files state)
+    (unless state  ;; delete files whose state has been set to nil
+      (ewoc-filter status (lambda (info) (git-fileinfo->state info))))))
 
 (defun git-state-code (code)
   "Convert from a string to a added/deleted/modified state."
@@ -463,6 +559,7 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (?A 'added)
     (?D 'deleted)
     (?U 'unmerged)
+    (?T 'modified)
     (t nil)))
 
 (defun git-status-code-as-string (code)
@@ -477,6 +574,36 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     ('ignored  (propertize "Ignored " 'face 'git-ignored-face))
     (t "?       ")))
 
+(defun git-file-type-as-string (old-perm new-perm)
+  "Return a string describing the file type based on its permissions."
+  (let* ((old-type (lsh (or old-perm 0) -9))
+	 (new-type (lsh (or new-perm 0) -9))
+	 (str (case new-type
+		(64  ;; file
+		 (case old-type
+		   (64 nil)
+		   (80 "   (type change symlink -> file)")
+		   (112 "   (type change subproject -> file)")))
+		 (80  ;; symlink
+		  (case old-type
+		    (64 "   (type change file -> symlink)")
+		    (112 "   (type change subproject -> symlink)")
+		    (t "   (symlink)")))
+		  (112  ;; subproject
+		   (case old-type
+		     (64 "   (type change file -> subproject)")
+		     (80 "   (type change symlink -> subproject)")
+		     (t "   (subproject)")))
+                  (72 nil)  ;; directory (internal, not a real git state)
+		  (0  ;; deleted or unknown
+		   (case old-type
+		     (80 "   (symlink)")
+		     (112 "   (subproject)")))
+		  (t (format "   (unknown type %o)" new-type)))))
+    (cond (str (propertize str 'face 'git-status-face))
+          ((eq new-type 72) "/")
+          (t ""))))
+
 (defun git-rename-as-string (info)
   "Return a string describing the copy or rename associated with INFO, or an empty string if none."
   (let ((state (git-fileinfo->rename-state info)))
@@ -502,29 +629,81 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 
 (defun git-fileinfo-prettyprint (info)
   "Pretty-printer for the git-fileinfo structure."
-  (insert (concat "   " (if (git-fileinfo->marked info) (propertize "*" 'face 'git-mark-face) " ")
-                  " " (git-status-code-as-string (git-fileinfo->state info))
-                  " " (git-permissions-as-string (git-fileinfo->old-perm info) (git-fileinfo->new-perm info))
-                  "  " (git-escape-file-name (git-fileinfo->name info))
-                  (git-rename-as-string info))))
-
-(defun git-parse-status (status)
-  "Parse the output of git-diff-index in the current buffer."
-  (goto-char (point-min))
-  (while (re-search-forward
-          ":\\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) \\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} \\(\\([ADMU]\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\|\\([CR]\\)[0-9]*\0\\([^\0]+\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\)\0"
-          nil t 1)
-    (let ((old-perm (string-to-number (match-string 1) 8))
-          (new-perm (string-to-number (match-string 2) 8))
-          (state (or (match-string 4) (match-string 6)))
-          (name (or (match-string 5) (match-string 7)))
-          (new-name (match-string 8)))
-      (if new-name  ; copy or rename
-          (if (eq ?C (string-to-char state))
-              (ewoc-enter-last status (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'copy name))
-            (ewoc-enter-last status (git-create-fileinfo 'deleted name 0 0 'rename new-name))
-            (ewoc-enter-last status (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'rename name)))
-        (ewoc-enter-last status (git-create-fileinfo (git-state-code state) name old-perm new-perm))))))
+  (let ((old-perm (git-fileinfo->old-perm info))
+	(new-perm (git-fileinfo->new-perm info)))
+    (insert (concat "   " (if (git-fileinfo->marked info) (propertize "*" 'face 'git-mark-face) " ")
+		    " " (git-status-code-as-string (git-fileinfo->state info))
+		    " " (git-permissions-as-string old-perm new-perm)
+		    "  " (git-escape-file-name (git-fileinfo->name info))
+		    (git-file-type-as-string old-perm new-perm)
+		    (git-rename-as-string info)))))
+
+(defun git-update-node-fileinfo (node info)
+  "Update the fileinfo of the specified node. The names are assumed to match already."
+  (let ((data (ewoc-data node)))
+    (setf
+     ;; preserve the marked flag
+     (git-fileinfo->marked info) (git-fileinfo->marked data)
+     (git-fileinfo->needs-update data) nil)
+    (when (not (equal info data))
+      (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t
+            (ewoc-data node) info))))
+
+(defun git-insert-info-list (status infolist files)
+  "Insert a sorted list of file infos in the status buffer, replacing existing ones if any."
+  (let* ((info (pop infolist))
+         (node (ewoc-nth status 0))
+         (name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info)))
+         remaining)
+    (while info
+      (let ((nodename (and node (git-fileinfo->name (ewoc-data node)))))
+        (while (and files (string-lessp (car files) name))
+          (push (pop files) remaining))
+        (when (and files (string-equal (car files) name))
+          (setq files (cdr files)))
+        (cond ((not nodename)
+               (setq node (ewoc-enter-last status info))
+               (setq info (pop infolist))
+               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info))))
+              ((string-lessp nodename name)
+               (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
+              ((string-equal nodename name)
+               ;; preserve the marked flag
+               (git-update-node-fileinfo node info)
+               (setq info (pop infolist))
+               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info))))
+              (t
+               (setq node (ewoc-enter-before status node info))
+               (setq info (pop infolist))
+               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info)))))))
+    (nconc (nreverse remaining) files)))
+
+(defun git-run-diff-index (status files)
+  "Run git-diff-index on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
+Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
+  (let (infolist)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (apply #'git-call-process t "diff-index" "-z" "-M" "HEAD" "--" files)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward
+	      ":\\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) \\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} \\(\\([ADMUT]\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\|\\([CR]\\)[0-9]*\0\\([^\0]+\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\)\0"
+              nil t 1)
+        (let ((old-perm (string-to-number (match-string 1) 8))
+              (new-perm (string-to-number (match-string 2) 8))
+              (state (or (match-string 4) (match-string 6)))
+              (name (or (match-string 5) (match-string 7)))
+              (new-name (match-string 8)))
+          (if new-name  ; copy or rename
+              (if (eq ?C (string-to-char state))
+                  (push (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'copy name) infolist)
+                (push (git-create-fileinfo 'deleted name 0 0 'rename new-name) infolist)
+                (push (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'rename name) infolist))
+            (push (git-create-fileinfo (git-state-code state) name old-perm new-perm) infolist)))))
+    (setq infolist (sort (nreverse infolist)
+                         (lambda (info1 info2)
+                           (string-lessp (git-fileinfo->name info1)
+                                         (git-fileinfo->name info2)))))
+    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
 
 (defun git-find-status-file (status file)
   "Find a given file in the status ewoc and return its node."
@@ -533,32 +712,113 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
       (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
     node))
 
-(defun git-parse-ls-files (status default-state &optional skip-existing)
-  "Parse the output of git-ls-files in the current buffer."
-  (goto-char (point-min))
+(defun git-run-ls-files (status files default-state &rest options)
+  "Run git-ls-files on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
+Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
   (let (infolist)
-    (while (re-search-forward "\\([HMRCK?]\\) \\([^\0]*\\)\0" nil t 1)
-      (let ((state (match-string 1))
-            (name (match-string 2)))
-        (unless (and skip-existing (git-find-status-file status name))
-          (push (git-create-fileinfo (or (git-state-code state) default-state) name) infolist))))
-    (dolist (info (nreverse infolist))
-      (ewoc-enter-last status info))))
-
-(defun git-parse-ls-unmerged (status)
-  "Parse the output of git-ls-files -u in the current buffer."
-  (goto-char (point-min))
-  (let (files)
-    (while (re-search-forward "[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [123]\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
-      (let ((node (git-find-status-file status (match-string 1))))
-        (when node (push (ewoc-data node) files))))
-    (git-set-files-state files 'unmerged)))
-
-(defun git-add-status-file (state name)
-  "Add a new file to the status list (if not existing already) and return its node."
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" (append options (list "--") files))
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward "\\([^\0]*?\\)\\(/?\\)\0" nil t 1)
+        (let ((name (match-string 1)))
+          (push (git-create-fileinfo default-state name 0
+                                     (if (string-equal "/" (match-string 2)) (lsh ?\110 9) 0))
+                infolist))))
+    (setq infolist (nreverse infolist))  ;; assume it is sorted already
+    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
+
+(defun git-run-ls-files-cached (status files default-state)
+  "Run git-ls-files -c on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
+Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
+  (let (infolist)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" "-s" "-c" "--" files)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward "\\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} 0\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
+	(let* ((new-perm (string-to-number (match-string 1) 8))
+	       (old-perm (if (eq default-state 'added) 0 new-perm))
+	       (name (match-string 2)))
+	  (push (git-create-fileinfo default-state name old-perm new-perm) infolist))))
+    (setq infolist (nreverse infolist))  ;; assume it is sorted already
+    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
+
+(defun git-run-ls-unmerged (status files)
+  "Run git-ls-files -u on FILES and parse the results into STATUS."
+  (with-temp-buffer
+    (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" "-u" "--" files)
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let (unmerged-files)
+      (while (re-search-forward "[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [123]\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
+        (push (match-string 1) unmerged-files))
+      (setq unmerged-files (nreverse unmerged-files))  ;; assume it is sorted already
+      (git-set-filenames-state status unmerged-files 'unmerged))))
+
+(defun git-get-exclude-files ()
+  "Get the list of exclude files to pass to git-ls-files."
+  (let (files
+        (config (git-config "core.excludesfile")))
+    (when (file-readable-p ".git/info/exclude")
+      (push ".git/info/exclude" files))
+    (when (and config (file-readable-p config))
+      (push config files))
+    files))
+
+(defun git-run-ls-files-with-excludes (status files default-state &rest options)
+  "Run git-ls-files on FILES with appropriate --exclude-from options."
+  (let ((exclude-files (git-get-exclude-files)))
+    (apply #'git-run-ls-files status files default-state "--directory" "--no-empty-directory"
+           (concat "--exclude-per-directory=" git-per-dir-ignore-file)
+           (append options (mapcar (lambda (f) (concat "--exclude-from=" f)) exclude-files)))))
+
+(defun git-update-status-files (&optional files mark-files)
+  "Update the status of FILES from the index.
+The FILES list must be sorted."
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (or (git-find-status-file git-status name)
-      (ewoc-enter-last git-status (git-create-fileinfo state name))))
+  ;; set the needs-update flag on existing files
+  (if files
+      (git-status-filenames-map
+       git-status (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t)) files)
+    (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t) nil) git-status)
+    (git-call-process nil "update-index" "--refresh")
+    (when git-show-uptodate
+      (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status nil 'uptodate)))
+  (let ((remaining-files
+          (if (git-empty-db-p) ; we need some special handling for an empty db
+	      (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status files 'added)
+            (git-run-diff-index git-status files))))
+    (git-run-ls-unmerged git-status files)
+    (when (or remaining-files (and git-show-unknown (not files)))
+      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status remaining-files 'unknown "-o")))
+    (when (or remaining-files (and git-show-ignored (not files)))
+      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status remaining-files 'ignored "-o" "-i")))
+    (unless files
+      (setq remaining-files (git-get-filenames (ewoc-collect git-status #'git-fileinfo->needs-update))))
+    (when remaining-files
+      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status remaining-files 'uptodate)))
+    (git-set-filenames-state git-status remaining-files nil)
+    (when mark-files (git-mark-files git-status files))
+    (git-refresh-files)
+    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)))
+
+(defun git-mark-files (status files)
+  "Mark all the specified FILES, and unmark the others."
+  (let ((file (and files (pop files)))
+        (node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
+    (while node
+      (let ((info (ewoc-data node)))
+        (if (and file (string-equal (git-fileinfo->name info) file))
+            (progn
+              (unless (git-fileinfo->marked info)
+                (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t)
+                (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t))
+              (setq file (pop files))
+              (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
+          (when (git-fileinfo->marked info)
+            (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
+            (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t))
+          (if (and file (string-lessp file (git-fileinfo->name info)))
+              (setq file (pop files))
+            (setq node (ewoc-next status node))))))))
 
 (defun git-marked-files ()
   "Return a list of all marked files, or if none a list containing just the file at cursor position."
@@ -567,13 +827,13 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
       (list (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status)))))
 
 (defun git-marked-files-state (&rest states)
-  "Return marked files that are in the specified states."
+  "Return a sorted list of marked files that are in the specified states."
   (let ((files (git-marked-files))
         result)
     (dolist (info files)
       (when (memq (git-fileinfo->state info) states)
         (push info result)))
-    result))
+    (nreverse result)))
 
 (defun git-refresh-files ()
   "Refresh all files that need it and clear the needs-refresh flag."
@@ -596,9 +856,11 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (ewoc-set-hf status
                  (format "Directory:  %s\nBranch:     %s\nHead:       %s%s\n"
                          default-directory
-                         (if (string-match "^refs/heads/" branch)
-                             (substring branch (match-end 0))
-                           branch)
+                         (if branch
+                             (if (string-match "^refs/heads/" branch)
+                                 (substring branch (match-end 0))
+                               branch)
+                           "none (detached HEAD)")
                          head
                          (if merge-heads
                              (concat "\nMerging:    "
@@ -611,19 +873,18 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 
 (defun git-update-index (index-file files)
   "Run git-update-index on a list of files."
-  (let ((env (and index-file `(("GIT_INDEX_FILE" . ,index-file))))
+  (let ((process-environment (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file)))
+                                     process-environment))
         added deleted modified)
     (dolist (info files)
       (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
         ('added (push info added))
         ('deleted (push info deleted))
         ('modified (push info modified))))
-    (when added
-      (apply #'git-run-command nil env "update-index" "--add" "--" (git-get-filenames added)))
-    (when deleted
-      (apply #'git-run-command nil env "update-index" "--remove" "--" (git-get-filenames deleted)))
-    (when modified
-      (apply #'git-run-command nil env "update-index" "--" (git-get-filenames modified)))))
+    (and
+     (or (not added) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--add" "--" (git-get-filenames added)))
+     (or (not deleted) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--remove" "--" (git-get-filenames deleted)))
+     (or (not modified) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--" (git-get-filenames modified))))))
 
 (defun git-run-pre-commit-hook ()
   "Run the pre-commit hook if any."
@@ -649,32 +910,30 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
           (message "You cannot commit unmerged files, resolve them first.")
         (unwind-protect
             (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified))
-                  head head-tree)
+                  head tree head-tree)
               (unless (git-empty-db-p)
                 (setq head (git-rev-parse "HEAD")
                       head-tree (git-rev-parse "HEAD^{tree}")))
-              (if files
-                  (progn
-                    (git-read-tree head-tree index-file)
-                    (git-update-index nil files)         ;update both the default index
-                    (git-update-index index-file files)  ;and the temporary one
-                    (let ((tree (git-write-tree index-file)))
-                      (if (or (not (string-equal tree head-tree))
-                              (yes-or-no-p "The tree was not modified, do you really want to perform an empty commit? "))
-                          (let ((commit (git-commit-tree buffer tree head)))
-                            (git-update-ref "HEAD" commit head)
-                            (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_HEAD") (error nil))
-                            (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_MSG") (error nil))
-                            (with-current-buffer buffer (erase-buffer))
-                            (git-set-files-state files 'uptodate)
-                            (when (file-directory-p ".git/rr-cache")
-                              (git-run-command nil nil "rerere"))
-                            (git-refresh-files)
-                            (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
-                            (message "Committed %s." commit)
-                            (git-run-hook "post-commit" nil))
-                        (message "Commit aborted."))))
-                (message "No files to commit.")))
+              (message "Running git commit...")
+              (when
+                  (and
+                   (git-read-tree head-tree index-file)
+                   (git-update-index nil files)         ;update both the default index
+                   (git-update-index index-file files)  ;and the temporary one
+                   (setq tree (git-write-tree index-file)))
+                (if (or (not (string-equal tree head-tree))
+                        (yes-or-no-p "The tree was not modified, do you really want to perform an empty commit? "))
+                    (let ((commit (git-commit-tree buffer tree head)))
+                      (when commit
+                        (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_HEAD") (error nil))
+                        (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_MSG") (error nil))
+                        (with-current-buffer buffer (erase-buffer))
+                        (git-update-status-files (git-get-filenames files))
+                        (git-call-process nil "rerere")
+                        (git-call-process nil "gc" "--auto")
+                        (message "Committed %s." commit)
+                        (git-run-hook "post-commit" nil)))
+                  (message "Commit aborted."))))
           (delete-file index-file))))))
 
 
@@ -715,7 +974,8 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
   "Mark all files."
   (interactive)
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t) t) git-status)
+  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (unless (git-fileinfo->marked info)
+                             (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t))) git-status)
   ; move back to goal column after invalidate
   (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
 
@@ -723,7 +983,9 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
   "Unmark all files."
   (interactive)
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil) t) git-status)
+  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (when (git-fileinfo->marked info)
+                             (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
+                             t)) git-status)
   ; move back to goal column after invalidate
   (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
 
@@ -773,108 +1035,162 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
       (setq node (ewoc-prev git-status node)))
     (ewoc-goto-node git-status last)))
 
+(defun git-insert-file (file)
+  "Insert file(s) into the git-status buffer."
+  (interactive "fInsert file: ")
+  (git-update-status-files (list (file-relative-name file))))
+
 (defun git-add-file ()
   "Add marked file(s) to the index cache."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'unknown)))
+  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown 'ignored))))
+    ;; FIXME: add support for directories
     (unless files
-      (push (ewoc-data
-             (git-add-status-file 'added (file-relative-name
-                                          (read-file-name "File to add: " nil nil t))))
-            files))
-    (apply #'git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--info-only" "--add" "--" (git-get-filenames files))
-    (git-set-files-state files 'added)
-    (git-refresh-files)))
+      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to add: " nil nil t)) files))
+    (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--add" "--" files)
+      (git-update-status-files files)
+      (git-success-message "Added" files))))
 
 (defun git-ignore-file ()
   "Add marked file(s) to the ignore list."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'unknown)))
+  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown))))
     (unless files
-      (push (ewoc-data
-             (git-add-status-file 'unknown (file-relative-name
-                                            (read-file-name "File to ignore: " nil nil t))))
-            files))
-    (dolist (info files) (git-append-to-ignore (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-    (git-set-files-state files 'ignored)
-    (git-refresh-files)))
+      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to ignore: " nil nil t)) files))
+    (dolist (f files) (git-append-to-ignore f))
+    (git-update-status-files files)
+    (git-success-message "Ignored" files)))
 
 (defun git-remove-file ()
   "Remove the marked file(s)."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'modified 'unknown 'uptodate)))
+  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'added 'modified 'unknown 'uptodate 'ignored))))
     (unless files
-      (push (ewoc-data
-             (git-add-status-file 'unknown (file-relative-name
-                                            (read-file-name "File to remove: " nil nil t))))
-            files))
+      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to remove: " nil nil t)) files))
     (if (yes-or-no-p
-         (format "Remove %d file%s? " (length files) (if (> (length files) 1) "s" "")))
+         (if (cdr files)
+             (format "Remove %d files? " (length files))
+           (format "Remove %s? " (car files))))
         (progn
-          (dolist (info files)
-            (let ((name (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-              (when (file-exists-p name) (delete-file name))))
-          (apply #'git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--info-only" "--remove" "--" (git-get-filenames files))
-          ; remove unknown files from the list, set the others to deleted
-          (ewoc-filter git-status
-                       (lambda (info files)
-                         (not (and (memq info files) (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) 'unknown))))
-                       files)
-          (git-set-files-state files 'deleted)
-          (git-refresh-files)
-          (unless (ewoc-nth git-status 0)  ; refresh header if list is empty
-            (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)))
+          (dolist (name files)
+            (ignore-errors
+              (if (file-directory-p name)
+                  (delete-directory name)
+                (delete-file name))))
+          (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--remove" "--" files)
+            (git-update-status-files files)
+            (git-success-message "Removed" files)))
       (message "Aborting"))))
 
 (defun git-revert-file ()
   "Revert changes to the marked file(s)."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files))
+  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified 'unmerged))
         added modified)
     (when (and files
                (yes-or-no-p
-                (format "Revert %d file%s? " (length files) (if (> (length files) 1) "s" ""))))
+                (if (cdr files)
+                    (format "Revert %d files? " (length files))
+                  (format "Revert %s? " (git-fileinfo->name (car files))))))
       (dolist (info files)
         (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
-          ('added (push info added))
-          ('deleted (push info modified))
-          ('unmerged (push info modified))
-          ('modified (push info modified))))
-      (when added
-          (apply #'git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--force-remove" "--" (git-get-filenames added))
-          (git-set-files-state added 'unknown))
-      (when modified
-          (apply #'git-run-command nil nil "checkout" "HEAD" (git-get-filenames modified))
-          (git-set-files-state modified 'uptodate))
-      (git-refresh-files))))
+          ('added (push (git-fileinfo->name info) added))
+          ('deleted (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))
+          ('unmerged (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))
+          ('modified (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))))
+      ;; check if a buffer contains one of the files and isn't saved
+      (dolist (file modified)
+        (let ((buffer (get-file-buffer file)))
+          (when (and buffer (buffer-modified-p buffer))
+            (error "Buffer %s is modified. Please kill or save modified buffers before reverting." (buffer-name buffer)))))
+      (let ((ok (and
+                 (or (not added)
+                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--force-remove" "--" added))
+                 (or (not modified)
+                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "HEAD" modified))))
+            (names (git-get-filenames files)))
+        (git-update-status-files names)
+        (when ok
+          (dolist (file modified)
+            (let ((buffer (get-file-buffer file)))
+              (when buffer (with-current-buffer buffer (revert-buffer t t t)))))
+          (git-success-message "Reverted" names))))))
 
 (defun git-resolve-file ()
   "Resolve conflicts in marked file(s)."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'unmerged)))
+  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unmerged))))
     (when files
-      (apply #'git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--" (git-get-filenames files))
-      (git-set-files-state files 'modified)
-      (git-refresh-files))))
+      (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--" files)
+        (git-update-status-files files)
+        (git-success-message "Resolved" files)))))
 
 (defun git-remove-handled ()
   "Remove handled files from the status list."
   (interactive)
   (ewoc-filter git-status
                (lambda (info)
-                 (not (or (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) 'ignored)
-                          (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) 'uptodate)))))
+                 (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
+                   ('ignored git-show-ignored)
+                   ('uptodate git-show-uptodate)
+                   ('unknown git-show-unknown)
+                   (t t))))
   (unless (ewoc-nth git-status 0)  ; refresh header if list is empty
     (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)))
 
+(defun git-toggle-show-uptodate ()
+  "Toogle the option for showing up-to-date files."
+  (interactive)
+  (if (setq git-show-uptodate (not git-show-uptodate))
+      (git-refresh-status)
+    (git-remove-handled)))
+
+(defun git-toggle-show-ignored ()
+  "Toogle the option for showing ignored files."
+  (interactive)
+  (if (setq git-show-ignored (not git-show-ignored))
+      (progn
+        (message "Inserting ignored files...")
+        (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status nil 'ignored "-o" "-i")
+        (git-refresh-files)
+        (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
+        (message "Inserting ignored files...done"))
+    (git-remove-handled)))
+
+(defun git-toggle-show-unknown ()
+  "Toogle the option for showing unknown files."
+  (interactive)
+  (if (setq git-show-unknown (not git-show-unknown))
+      (progn
+        (message "Inserting unknown files...")
+        (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status nil 'unknown "-o")
+        (git-refresh-files)
+        (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
+        (message "Inserting unknown files...done"))
+    (git-remove-handled)))
+
+(defun git-expand-directory (info)
+  "Expand the directory represented by INFO to list its files."
+  (when (eq (lsh (git-fileinfo->new-perm info) -9) ?\110)
+    (let ((dir (git-fileinfo->name info)))
+      (git-set-filenames-state git-status (list dir) nil)
+      (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status (list (concat dir "/")) 'unknown "-o")
+      (git-refresh-files)
+      (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
+      t)))
+
 (defun git-setup-diff-buffer (buffer)
   "Setup a buffer for displaying a diff."
-  (with-current-buffer buffer
-    (diff-mode)
-    (goto-char (point-min))
-    (setq buffer-read-only t))
+  (let ((dir default-directory))
+    (with-current-buffer buffer
+      (diff-mode)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (setq default-directory dir)
+      (setq buffer-read-only t)))
   (display-buffer buffer)
-  (shrink-window-if-larger-than-buffer))
+  ; shrink window only if it displays the status buffer
+  (when (eq (window-buffer) (current-buffer))
+    (shrink-window-if-larger-than-buffer)))
 
 (defun git-diff-file ()
   "Diff the marked file(s) against HEAD."
@@ -922,7 +1238,13 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 (defun git-diff-file-idiff ()
   "Perform an interactive diff on the current file."
   (interactive)
-  (error "Interactive diffs not implemented yet."))
+  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified)))
+    (unless (eq 1 (length files))
+      (error "Cannot perform an interactive diff on multiple files."))
+    (let* ((filename (car (git-get-filenames files)))
+           (buff1 (find-file-noselect filename))
+           (buff2 (git-run-command-buffer (concat filename ".~HEAD~") "cat-file" "blob" (concat "HEAD:" filename))))
+      (ediff-buffers buff1 buff2))))
 
 (defun git-log-file ()
   "Display a log of changes to the marked file(s)."
@@ -941,6 +1263,11 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
   (with-current-buffer log-edit-parent-buffer
     (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified))))
 
+(defun git-log-edit-diff ()
+  "Run a diff of the current files being committed from a log-edit buffer."
+  (with-current-buffer log-edit-parent-buffer
+    (git-diff-file)))
+
 (defun git-append-sign-off (name email)
   "Append a Signed-off-by entry to the current buffer, avoiding duplicates."
   (let ((sign-off (format "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>" name email))
@@ -953,11 +1280,10 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
       (goto-char (point-max))
       (insert sign-off "\n"))))
 
-(defun git-setup-log-buffer (buffer &optional author-name author-email subject date msg)
+(defun git-setup-log-buffer (buffer &optional merge-heads author-name author-email subject date msg)
   "Setup the log buffer for a commit."
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((merge-heads (git-get-merge-heads))
-        (dir default-directory)
+  (let ((dir default-directory)
         (committer-name (git-get-committer-name))
         (committer-email (git-get-committer-email))
         (sign-off git-append-signed-off-by))
@@ -971,24 +1297,24 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
                 (or author-email committer-email)
                 (if date (format "Date: %s\n" date) "")
                 (if merge-heads
-                    (format "Parent: %s\n%s\n"
-                            (git-rev-parse "HEAD")
-                            (mapconcat (lambda (str) (concat "Parent: " str)) merge-heads "\n"))
+                    (format "Merge: %s\n"
+                            (mapconcat 'identity merge-heads " "))
                   ""))
         'face 'git-header-face)
        (propertize git-log-msg-separator 'face 'git-separator-face)
        "\n")
       (when subject (insert subject "\n\n"))
       (cond (msg (insert msg "\n"))
-            ((file-readable-p ".dotest/msg")
-             (insert-file-contents ".dotest/msg"))
+            ((file-readable-p ".git/rebase-apply/msg")
+             (insert-file-contents ".git/rebase-apply/msg"))
             ((file-readable-p ".git/MERGE_MSG")
              (insert-file-contents ".git/MERGE_MSG")))
       ; delete empty lines at end
       (goto-char (point-min))
       (when (re-search-forward "\n+\\'" nil t)
         (replace-match "\n" t t))
-      (when sign-off (git-append-sign-off committer-name committer-email)))))
+      (when sign-off (git-append-sign-off committer-name committer-email)))
+    buffer))
 
 (defun git-commit-file ()
   "Commit the marked file(s), asking for a commit message."
@@ -999,9 +1325,9 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
           (coding-system (git-get-commits-coding-system))
           author-name author-email subject date)
       (when (eq 0 (buffer-size buffer))
-        (when (file-readable-p ".dotest/info")
+        (when (file-readable-p ".git/rebase-apply/info")
           (with-temp-buffer
-            (insert-file-contents ".dotest/info")
+            (insert-file-contents ".git/rebase-apply/info")
             (goto-char (point-min))
             (when (re-search-forward "^Author: \\(.*\\)\nEmail: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
               (setq author-name (match-string 1))
@@ -1012,20 +1338,142 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
             (goto-char (point-min))
             (when (re-search-forward "^Date: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
               (setq date (match-string 1)))))
-        (git-setup-log-buffer buffer author-name author-email subject date))
-      (log-edit #'git-do-commit nil #'git-log-edit-files buffer)
+        (git-setup-log-buffer buffer (git-get-merge-heads) author-name author-email subject date))
+      (if (boundp 'log-edit-diff-function)
+	  (log-edit 'git-do-commit nil '((log-edit-listfun . git-log-edit-files)
+					 (log-edit-diff-function . git-log-edit-diff)) buffer)
+	(log-edit 'git-do-commit nil 'git-log-edit-files buffer))
       (setq font-lock-keywords (font-lock-compile-keywords git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords))
+      (setq paragraph-separate (concat (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "$\\|Author: \\|Date: \\|Merge: \\|Signed-off-by: \\|\f\\|[ 	]*$"))
       (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
       (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t))))
 
+(defun git-setup-commit-buffer (commit)
+  "Setup the commit buffer with the contents of COMMIT."
+  (let (parents author-name author-email subject date msg)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (let ((coding-system (git-get-logoutput-coding-system)))
+        (git-call-process t "log" "-1" "--pretty=medium" "--abbrev=40" commit)
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (when (re-search-forward "^Merge: *\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+          (setq parents (cdr (split-string (match-string 1) " +"))))
+        (when (re-search-forward "^Author: *\\(.*\\) <\\(.*\\)>$" nil t)
+          (setq author-name (match-string 1))
+          (setq author-email (match-string 2)))
+        (when (re-search-forward "^Date: *\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+          (setq date (match-string 1)))
+        (while (re-search-forward "^    \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+          (push (match-string 1) msg))
+        (setq msg (nreverse msg))
+        (setq subject (pop msg))
+        (while (and msg (zerop (length (car msg))) (pop msg)))))
+    (git-setup-log-buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*")
+                          parents author-name author-email subject date
+                          (mapconcat #'identity msg "\n"))))
+
+(defun git-get-commit-files (commit)
+  "Retrieve a sorted list of files modified by COMMIT."
+  (let (files)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (git-call-process t "diff-tree" "-m" "-r" "-z" "--name-only" "--no-commit-id" "--root" commit)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward "\\([^\0]*\\)\0" nil t 1)
+        (push (match-string 1) files)))
+    (sort files #'string-lessp)))
+
+(defun git-read-commit-name (prompt &optional default)
+  "Ask for a commit name, with completion for local branch, remote branch and tag."
+  (completing-read prompt
+                   (list* "HEAD" "ORIG_HEAD" "FETCH_HEAD" (mapcar #'car (git-for-each-ref)))
+		   nil nil nil nil default))
+
+(defun git-checkout (branch &optional merge)
+  "Checkout a branch, tag, or any commit.
+Use a prefix arg if git should merge while checking out."
+  (interactive
+   (list (git-read-commit-name "Checkout: ")
+         current-prefix-arg))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((args (list branch "--")))
+    (when merge (push "-m" args))
+    (when (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" args)
+      (git-update-status-files))))
+
+(defun git-branch (branch)
+  "Create a branch from the current HEAD and switch to it."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Branch: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (if (git-rev-parse (concat "refs/heads/" branch))
+      (if (yes-or-no-p (format "Branch %s already exists, replace it? " branch))
+          (and (git-call-process-display-error "branch" "-f" branch)
+               (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" branch))
+        (message "Canceled."))
+    (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "-b" branch))
+    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status))
+
+(defun git-amend-commit ()
+  "Undo the last commit on HEAD, and set things up to commit an
+amended version of it."
+  (interactive)
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (when (git-empty-db-p) (error "No commit to amend."))
+  (let* ((commit (git-rev-parse "HEAD"))
+         (files (git-get-commit-files commit)))
+    (when (if (git-rev-parse "HEAD^")
+              (git-call-process-display-error "reset" "--soft" "HEAD^")
+            (and (git-update-ref "ORIG_HEAD" commit)
+                 (git-update-ref "HEAD" nil commit)))
+      (git-update-status-files files t)
+      (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
+      (git-commit-file))))
+
+(defun git-cherry-pick-commit (arg)
+  "Cherry-pick a commit."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Cherry-pick commit: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
+    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
+    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
+      (error "Cannot cherry-pick a merge commit."))
+    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
+          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "cherry-pick" "-n" commit)))
+      (git-update-status-files files ok)
+      (with-current-buffer (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (if (re-search-forward "^\n*Signed-off-by:" nil t 1)
+            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+          (goto-char (point-max)))
+        (insert "(cherry picked from commit " commit ")\n"))
+      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
+
+(defun git-revert-commit (arg)
+  "Revert a commit."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Revert commit: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
+    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
+    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
+      (error "Cannot revert a merge commit."))
+    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
+          (subject (git-get-commit-description commit))
+          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "revert" "-n" commit)))
+      (git-update-status-files files ok)
+      (when (string-match "^[0-9a-f]+ - \\(.*\\)$" subject)
+        (setq subject (match-string 1 subject)))
+      (git-setup-log-buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*")
+                            (git-get-merge-heads) nil nil (format "Revert \"%s\"" subject) nil
+                            (format "This reverts commit %s.\n" commit))
+      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
+
 (defun git-find-file ()
   "Visit the current file in its own buffer."
   (interactive)
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
   (let ((info (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status))))
-    (find-file (git-fileinfo->name info))
-    (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state info))
-      (smerge-mode))))
+    (unless (git-expand-directory info)
+      (find-file (git-fileinfo->name info))
+      (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state info))
+        (smerge-mode 1)))))
 
 (defun git-find-file-other-window ()
   "Visit the current file in its own buffer in another window."
@@ -1054,34 +1502,10 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 (defun git-refresh-status ()
   "Refresh the git status buffer."
   (interactive)
-  (let* ((status git-status)
-         (pos (ewoc-locate status))
-         (cur-name (and pos (git-fileinfo->name (ewoc-data pos)))))
-    (unless status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-    (git-clear-status status)
-    (git-run-command nil nil "update-index" "--info-only" "--refresh")
-    (if (git-empty-db-p)
-        ; we need some special handling for an empty db
-        (with-temp-buffer
-          (git-run-command t nil "ls-files" "-z" "-t" "-c")
-          (git-parse-ls-files status 'added))
-      (with-temp-buffer
-        (git-run-command t nil "diff-index" "-z" "-M" "HEAD")
-        (git-parse-status status)))
-      (with-temp-buffer
-        (git-run-command t nil "ls-files" "-z" "-u")
-        (git-parse-ls-unmerged status))
-      (when (file-readable-p ".git/info/exclude")
-        (with-temp-buffer
-          (git-run-command t nil "ls-files" "-z" "-t" "-o"
-                           "--exclude-from=.git/info/exclude"
-                           (concat "--exclude-per-directory=" git-per-dir-ignore-file))
-          (git-parse-ls-files status 'unknown)))
-    (git-refresh-files)
-    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf status)
-    ; move point to the current file name if any
-    (let ((node (and cur-name (git-find-status-file status cur-name))))
-      (when node (ewoc-goto-node status node)))))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (message "Refreshing git status...")
+  (git-update-status-files)
+  (message "Refreshing git status...done"))
 
 (defun git-status-quit ()
   "Quit git-status mode."
@@ -1102,19 +1526,23 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
 
 (unless git-status-mode-map
   (let ((map (make-keymap))
-        (diff-map (make-sparse-keymap)))
+        (commit-map (make-sparse-keymap))
+        (diff-map (make-sparse-keymap))
+        (toggle-map (make-sparse-keymap)))
     (suppress-keymap map)
     (define-key map "?"   'git-help)
     (define-key map "h"   'git-help)
     (define-key map " "   'git-next-file)
     (define-key map "a"   'git-add-file)
     (define-key map "c"   'git-commit-file)
+    (define-key map "\C-c" commit-map)
     (define-key map "d"    diff-map)
     (define-key map "="   'git-diff-file)
     (define-key map "f"   'git-find-file)
     (define-key map "\r"  'git-find-file)
     (define-key map "g"   'git-refresh-status)
     (define-key map "i"   'git-ignore-file)
+    (define-key map "I"   'git-insert-file)
     (define-key map "l"   'git-log-file)
     (define-key map "m"   'git-mark-file)
     (define-key map "M"   'git-mark-all)
@@ -1126,6 +1554,7 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (define-key map "q"   'git-status-quit)
     (define-key map "r"   'git-remove-file)
     (define-key map "R"   'git-resolve-file)
+    (define-key map "t"    toggle-map)
     (define-key map "T"   'git-toggle-all-marks)
     (define-key map "u"   'git-unmark-file)
     (define-key map "U"   'git-revert-file)
@@ -1133,6 +1562,12 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (define-key map "x"   'git-remove-handled)
     (define-key map "\C-?" 'git-unmark-file-up)
     (define-key map "\M-\C-?" 'git-unmark-all)
+    ; the commit submap
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-a" 'git-amend-commit)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-b" 'git-branch)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-o" 'git-checkout)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-p" 'git-cherry-pick-commit)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-v" 'git-revert-commit)
     ; the diff submap
     (define-key diff-map "b" 'git-diff-file-base)
     (define-key diff-map "c" 'git-diff-file-combined)
@@ -1142,7 +1577,57 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (define-key diff-map "h" 'git-diff-file-merge-head)
     (define-key diff-map "m" 'git-diff-file-mine)
     (define-key diff-map "o" 'git-diff-file-other)
-    (setq git-status-mode-map map)))
+    ; the toggle submap
+    (define-key toggle-map "u" 'git-toggle-show-uptodate)
+    (define-key toggle-map "i" 'git-toggle-show-ignored)
+    (define-key toggle-map "k" 'git-toggle-show-unknown)
+    (define-key toggle-map "m" 'git-toggle-all-marks)
+    (setq git-status-mode-map map))
+  (easy-menu-define git-menu git-status-mode-map
+    "Git Menu"
+    `("Git"
+      ["Refresh" git-refresh-status t]
+      ["Commit" git-commit-file t]
+      ["Checkout..." git-checkout t]
+      ["New Branch..." git-branch t]
+      ["Cherry-pick Commit..." git-cherry-pick-commit t]
+      ["Revert Commit..." git-revert-commit t]
+      ("Merge"
+	["Next Unmerged File" git-next-unmerged-file t]
+	["Prev Unmerged File" git-prev-unmerged-file t]
+	["Mark as Resolved" git-resolve-file t]
+	["Interactive Merge File" git-find-file-imerge t]
+	["Diff Against Common Base File" git-diff-file-base t]
+	["Diff Combined" git-diff-file-combined t]
+	["Diff Against Merge Head" git-diff-file-merge-head t]
+	["Diff Against Mine" git-diff-file-mine t]
+	["Diff Against Other" git-diff-file-other t])
+      "--------"
+      ["Add File" git-add-file t]
+      ["Revert File" git-revert-file t]
+      ["Ignore File" git-ignore-file t]
+      ["Remove File" git-remove-file t]
+      ["Insert File" git-insert-file t]
+      "--------"
+      ["Find File" git-find-file t]
+      ["View File" git-view-file t]
+      ["Diff File" git-diff-file t]
+      ["Interactive Diff File" git-diff-file-idiff t]
+      ["Log" git-log-file t]
+      "--------"
+      ["Mark" git-mark-file t]
+      ["Mark All" git-mark-all t]
+      ["Unmark" git-unmark-file t]
+      ["Unmark All" git-unmark-all t]
+      ["Toggle All Marks" git-toggle-all-marks t]
+      ["Hide Handled Files" git-remove-handled t]
+      "--------"
+      ["Show Uptodate Files" git-toggle-show-uptodate :style toggle :selected git-show-uptodate]
+      ["Show Ignored Files" git-toggle-show-ignored :style toggle :selected git-show-ignored]
+      ["Show Unknown Files" git-toggle-show-unknown :style toggle :selected git-show-unknown]
+      "--------"
+      ["Quit" git-status-quit t])))
+
 
 ;; git mode should only run in the *git status* buffer
 (put 'git-status-mode 'mode-class 'special)
@@ -1163,6 +1648,9 @@ Commands:
   (let ((status (ewoc-create 'git-fileinfo-prettyprint "" "")))
     (set (make-local-variable 'git-status) status))
   (set (make-local-variable 'list-buffers-directory) default-directory)
+  (make-local-variable 'git-show-uptodate)
+  (make-local-variable 'git-show-ignored)
+  (make-local-variable 'git-show-unknown)
   (run-hooks 'git-status-mode-hook)))
 
 (defun git-find-status-buffer (dir)
@@ -1175,7 +1663,7 @@ Commands:
         (with-current-buffer buffer
           (when (and list-buffers-directory
                      (string-equal fulldir (expand-file-name list-buffers-directory))
-                     (string-match "\\*git-status\\*$" (buffer-name buffer)))
+		     (eq major-mode 'git-status-mode))
             (setq found buffer))))
       (setq list (cdr list)))
     found))
@@ -1191,9 +1679,24 @@ Commands:
         (cd dir)
         (git-status-mode)
         (git-refresh-status)
-        (goto-char (point-min)))
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (add-hook 'after-save-hook 'git-update-saved-file))
     (message "%s is not a git working tree." dir)))
 
+(defun git-update-saved-file ()
+  "Update the corresponding git-status buffer when a file is saved.
+Meant to be used in `after-save-hook'."
+  (let* ((file (expand-file-name buffer-file-name))
+         (dir (condition-case nil (git-get-top-dir (file-name-directory file)) (error nil)))
+         (buffer (and dir (git-find-status-buffer dir))))
+    (when buffer
+      (with-current-buffer buffer
+        (let ((filename (file-relative-name file dir)))
+          ; skip files located inside the .git directory
+          (unless (string-match "^\\.git/" filename)
+            (git-call-process nil "add" "--refresh" "--" filename)
+            (git-update-status-files (list filename))))))))
+
 (defun git-help ()
   "Display help for Git mode."
   (interactive)
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el b/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el
deleted file mode 100644
index e456ab9712..0000000000
--- a/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-;;; vc-git.el --- VC backend for the git version control system
-
-;; Copyright (C) 2006 Alexandre Julliard
-
-;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
-;; the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-;;
-;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
-;; useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
-;; warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-;; PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
-;;
-;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
-;; License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
-;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
-;; MA 02111-1307 USA
-
-;;; Commentary:
-
-;; This file contains a VC backend for the git version control
-;; system.
-;;
-;; To install: put this file on the load-path and add GIT to the list
-;; of supported backends in `vc-handled-backends'; the following line,
-;; placed in your ~/.emacs, will accomplish this:
-;;
-;;     (add-to-list 'vc-handled-backends 'GIT)
-;;
-;; TODO
-;;  - changelog generation
-;;  - working with revisions other than HEAD
-;;
-
-(eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
-
-(defvar git-commits-coding-system 'utf-8
-  "Default coding system for git commits.")
-
-(defun vc-git--run-command-string (file &rest args)
-  "Run a git command on FILE and return its output as string."
-  (let* ((ok t)
-         (str (with-output-to-string
-                (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                  (unless (eq 0 (apply #'call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil
-                                       (append args (list (file-relative-name file)))))
-                    (setq ok nil))))))
-    (and ok str)))
-
-(defun vc-git--run-command (file &rest args)
-  "Run a git command on FILE, discarding any output."
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file)))
-    (eq 0 (apply #'call-process "git" nil (get-buffer "*Messages") nil (append args (list name))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-registered (file)
-  "Check whether FILE is registered with git."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (let* ((dir (file-name-directory file))
-           (name (file-relative-name file dir)))
-      (and (ignore-errors
-             (when dir (cd dir))
-             (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "ls-files" "-c" "-z" "--" name)))
-           (let ((str (buffer-string)))
-             (and (> (length str) (length name))
-                  (string= (substring str 0 (1+ (length name))) (concat name "\0"))))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-state (file)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-state'."
-  (let ((diff (vc-git--run-command-string file "diff-index" "-z" "HEAD" "--")))
-    (if (and diff (string-match ":[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [ADMU]\0[^\0]+\0" diff))
-        'edited
-      'up-to-date)))
-
-(defun vc-git-workfile-version (file)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-workfile-version'."
-  (let ((str (with-output-to-string
-               (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                 (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "symbolic-ref" "HEAD")))))
-    (if (string-match "^\\(refs/heads/\\)?\\(.+\\)$" str)
-        (match-string 2 str)
-      str)))
-
-(defun vc-git-revert (file &optional contents-done)
-  "Revert FILE to the version stored in the git repository."
-  (if contents-done
-      (vc-git--run-command file "update-index" "--")
-    (vc-git--run-command file "checkout" "HEAD")))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkout-model (file)
-  'implicit)
-
-(defun vc-git-workfile-unchanged-p (file)
-  (let ((sha1 (vc-git--run-command-string file "hash-object" "--"))
-        (head (vc-git--run-command-string file "ls-tree" "-z" "HEAD" "--")))
-    (and head
-         (string-match "[0-7]\\{6\\} blob \\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\)\t[^\0]+\0" head)
-         (string= (car (split-string sha1 "\n")) (match-string 1 head)))))
-
-(defun vc-git-register (file &optional rev comment)
-  "Register FILE into the git version-control system."
-  (vc-git--run-command file "update-index" "--add" "--"))
-
-(defun vc-git-print-log (file &optional buffer)
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file))
-        (coding-system-for-read git-commits-coding-system))
-    (vc-do-command buffer 'async "git" name "rev-list" "--pretty" "HEAD" "--")))
-
-(defun vc-git-diff (file &optional rev1 rev2 buffer)
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file))
-        (buf (or buffer "*vc-diff*")))
-    (if (and rev1 rev2)
-        (vc-do-command buf 0 "git" name "diff-tree" "-p" rev1 rev2 "--")
-      (vc-do-command buf 0 "git" name "diff-index" "-p" (or rev1 "HEAD") "--"))
-    ; git-diff-index doesn't set exit status like diff does
-    (if (vc-git-workfile-unchanged-p file) 0 1)))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkin (file rev comment)
-  (let ((coding-system-for-write git-commits-coding-system))
-    (vc-git--run-command file "commit" "-m" comment "--only" "--")))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkout (file &optional editable rev destfile)
-  (if destfile
-      (let ((fullname (substring
-                       (vc-git--run-command-string file "ls-files" "-z" "--full-name" "--")
-                       0 -1))
-            (coding-system-for-read 'no-conversion)
-            (coding-system-for-write 'no-conversion))
-        (with-temp-file destfile
-          (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil t nil "cat-file" "blob"
-                              (concat (or rev "HEAD") ":" fullname)))))
-    (vc-git--run-command file "checkout" (or rev "HEAD"))))
-
-(defun vc-git-annotate-command (file buf &optional rev)
-  ; FIXME: rev is ignored
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file)))
-    (call-process "git" nil buf nil "blame" name)))
-
-(defun vc-git-annotate-time ()
-  (and (re-search-forward "[0-9a-f]+ (.* \\([0-9]+\\)-\\([0-9]+\\)-\\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\) \\([-+0-9]+\\) +[0-9]+)" nil t)
-       (vc-annotate-convert-time
-        (apply #'encode-time (mapcar (lambda (match) (string-to-number (match-string match))) '(6 5 4 3 2 1 7))))))
-
-;; Not really useful since we can't do anything with the revision yet
-;;(defun vc-annotate-extract-revision-at-line ()
-;;  (save-excursion
-;;    (move-beginning-of-line 1)
-;;    (and (looking-at "[0-9a-f]+")
-;;         (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)))))
-
-(provide 'vc-git)
diff --git a/contrib/examples/README b/contrib/examples/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6946f3dd2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/examples/README
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+These are original scripted implementations, kept primarily for their
+reference value to any aspiring plumbing users who want to learn how
+pieces can be fit together.
diff --git a/git-checkout.sh b/contrib/examples/git-checkout.sh
index deb0a9a3c7..1a7689a48f 100755
--- a/git-checkout.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-checkout.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-USAGE='[-q] [-f] [-b <new_branch>] [-m] [<branch>] [<paths>...]'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=t
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-checkout [options] [<branch>] [<paths>...]
+--
+b=          create a new branch started at <branch>
+l           create the new branch's reflog
+track       arrange that the new branch tracks the remote branch
+f           proceed even if the index or working tree is not HEAD
+m           merge local modifications into the new branch
+q,quiet     be quiet
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Sometimes
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
 old_name=HEAD
-old=$(git-rev-parse --verify $old_name 2>/dev/null)
-oldbranch=$(git-symbolic-ref $old_name 2>/dev/null)
+old=$(git rev-parse --verify $old_name 2>/dev/null)
+oldbranch=$(git symbolic-ref $old_name 2>/dev/null)
 new=
 new_name=
 force=
@@ -17,78 +27,71 @@ newbranch=
 newbranch_log=
 merge=
 quiet=
+v=-v
 LF='
 '
-while [ "$#" != "0" ]; do
-    arg="$1"
-    shift
-    case "$arg" in
-	"-b")
-		newbranch="$1"
+
+while test $# != 0; do
+	case "$1" in
+	-b)
 		shift
+		newbranch="$1"
 		[ -z "$newbranch" ] &&
 			die "git checkout: -b needs a branch name"
-		git-show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$newbranch" &&
+		git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$newbranch" &&
 			die "git checkout: branch $newbranch already exists"
-		git-check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch" ||
+		git check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch" ||
 			die "git checkout: we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
 		;;
-	"-l")
+	-l)
 		newbranch_log=-l
 		;;
-	"--track"|"--no-track")
-		track="$arg"
+	--track|--no-track)
+		track="$1"
 		;;
-	"-f")
+	-f)
 		force=1
 		;;
 	-m)
 		merge=1
 		;;
-	"-q")
+	-q|--quiet)
 		quiet=1
+		v=
 		;;
 	--)
+		shift
 		break
 		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
 	*)
-		if rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$arg^0" 2>/dev/null)
-		then
-			if [ -z "$rev" ]; then
-				echo "unknown flag $arg"
-				exit 1
-			fi
-			new="$rev"
-			new_name="$arg"
-			if git-show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$arg"
-			then
-				branch="$arg"
-			fi
-		elif rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$arg^{tree}" 2>/dev/null)
-		then
-			# checking out selected paths from a tree-ish.
-			new="$rev"
-			new_name="$arg^{tree}"
-			branch=
-		else
-			new=
-			new_name=
-			branch=
-			set x "$arg" "$@"
-			shift
-		fi
-		case "$1" in
-		--)
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		break
+		usage
 		;;
-    esac
+	esac
+	shift
 done
 
+arg="$1"
+rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg" 2>/dev/null)
+if rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$rev^0" 2>/dev/null)
+then
+	[ -z "$rev" ] && die "unknown flag $arg"
+	new_name="$arg"
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$arg"
+	then
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$arg^0")
+		branch="$arg"
+	fi
+	new="$rev"
+	shift
+elif rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$rev^{tree}" 2>/dev/null)
+then
+	# checking out selected paths from a tree-ish.
+	new="$rev"
+	new_name="$rev^{tree}"
+	shift
+fi
+[ "$1" = "--" ] && shift
+
 case "$newbranch,$track" in
 ,--*)
 	die "git checkout: --track and --no-track require -b"
@@ -126,14 +129,21 @@ Did you intend to checkout '$@' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 		# from a specific tree-ish; note that this is for
 		# rescuing paths and is never meant to remove what
 		# is not in the named tree-ish.
-		git-ls-tree --full-name -r "$new" "$@" |
-		git-update-index --index-info || exit $?
+		git ls-tree --full-name -r "$new" "$@" |
+		git update-index --index-info || exit $?
 	fi
 
 	# Make sure the request is about existing paths.
-	git-ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
-	git-ls-files -- "$@" |
-	git-checkout-index -f -u --stdin
+	git ls-files --full-name --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
+	git ls-files --full-name -- "$@" |
+		(cd_to_toplevel && git checkout-index -f -u --stdin)
+
+	# Run a post-checkout hook -- the HEAD does not change so the
+	# current HEAD is passed in for both args
+	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
+	    "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $old 0
+	fi
+
 	exit $?
 else
 	# Make sure we did not fall back on $arg^{tree} codepath
@@ -141,7 +151,7 @@ else
 	# but switching branches.
 	if test '' != "$new"
 	then
-		git-rev-parse --verify "$new^{commit}" >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
+		git rev-parse --verify "$new^{commit}" >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
 		die "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
 	fi
 fi
@@ -166,7 +176,7 @@ detach_warn=
 describe_detached_head () {
 	test -n "$quiet" || {
 		printf >&2 "$1 "
-		GIT_PAGER= git log >&2 -1 --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit "$2"
+		GIT_PAGER= git log >&2 -1 --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit "$2" --
 	}
 }
 
@@ -197,20 +207,23 @@ fi
 
 if [ "$force" ]
 then
-    git-read-tree --reset -u $new
+    git read-tree $v --reset -u $new
 else
-    git-update-index --refresh >/dev/null
-    merge_error=$(git-read-tree -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $old $new 2>&1) || (
-	case "$merge" in
-	'')
-		echo >&2 "$merge_error"
+    git update-index --refresh >/dev/null
+    git read-tree $v -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $old $new || (
+	case "$merge,$v" in
+	,*)
 		exit 1 ;;
+	1,)
+		;; # quiet
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "Falling back to 3-way merge..." ;;
 	esac
 
 	# Match the index to the working tree, and do a three-way.
-    	git diff-files --name-only | git update-index --remove --stdin &&
+	git diff-files --name-only | git update-index --remove --stdin &&
 	work=`git write-tree` &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u $new || exit
+	git read-tree $v --reset -u $new || exit
 
 	eval GITHEAD_$new='${new_name:-${branch:-$new}}' &&
 	eval GITHEAD_$work=local &&
@@ -221,7 +234,7 @@ else
 	# this is not a real merge before committing, but just carrying
 	# the working tree changes along.
 	unmerged=`git ls-files -u`
-	git read-tree --reset $new
+	git read-tree $v --reset $new
 	case "$unmerged" in
 	'')	;;
 	*)
@@ -243,7 +256,7 @@ else
     (exit $saved_err)
 fi
 
-# 
+#
 # Switch the HEAD pointer to the new branch if we
 # checked out a branch head, and remove any potential
 # old MERGE_HEAD's (subsequent commits will clearly not
@@ -251,12 +264,13 @@ fi
 #
 if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
 	if [ "$newbranch" ]; then
-		git-branch $track $newbranch_log "$newbranch" "$new_name" || exit
+		git branch $track $newbranch_log "$newbranch" "$new_name" || exit
 		branch="$newbranch"
 	fi
 	if test -n "$branch"
 	then
-		GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git-symbolic-ref -m "checkout: moving to $branch" HEAD "refs/heads/$branch"
+		old_branch_name=`expr "z$oldbranch" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)'`
+		GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git symbolic-ref -m "checkout: moving from ${old_branch_name:-$old} to $branch" HEAD "refs/heads/$branch"
 		if test -n "$quiet"
 		then
 			true	# nothing
@@ -268,15 +282,8 @@ if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
 		fi
 	elif test -n "$detached"
 	then
-		# NEEDSWORK: we would want a command to detach the HEAD
-		# atomically, instead of this handcrafted command sequence.
-		# Perhaps:
-		#	git update-ref --detach HEAD $new
-		# or something like that...
-		#
-		git-rev-parse HEAD >"$GIT_DIR/HEAD.new" &&
-		mv "$GIT_DIR/HEAD.new" "$GIT_DIR/HEAD" &&
-		git-update-ref -m "checkout: moving to $arg" HEAD "$detached" ||
+		old_branch_name=`expr "z$oldbranch" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)'`
+		git update-ref --no-deref -m "checkout: moving from ${old_branch_name:-$old} to $arg" HEAD "$detached" ||
 			die "Cannot detach HEAD"
 		if test -n "$detach_warn"
 		then
@@ -288,3 +295,8 @@ if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
 else
 	exit 1
 fi
+
+# Run a post-checkout hook
+if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
+	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $new 1
+fi
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh b/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..01c95e9fe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pavel Roskin
+#
+
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-clean [options] <paths>...
+
+Clean untracked files from the working directory
+
+When optional <paths>... arguments are given, the paths
+affected are further limited to those that match them.
+--
+d remove directories as well
+f override clean.requireForce and clean anyway
+n don't remove anything, just show what would be done
+q be quiet, only report errors
+x remove ignored files as well
+X remove only ignored files"
+
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+. git-sh-setup
+require_work_tree
+
+ignored=
+ignoredonly=
+cleandir=
+rmf="rm -f --"
+rmrf="rm -rf --"
+rm_refuse="echo Not removing"
+echo1="echo"
+
+disabled=$(git config --bool clean.requireForce)
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-d)
+		cleandir=1
+		;;
+	-f)
+		disabled=false
+		;;
+	-n)
+		disabled=false
+		rmf="echo Would remove"
+		rmrf="echo Would remove"
+		rm_refuse="echo Would not remove"
+		echo1=":"
+		;;
+	-q)
+		echo1=":"
+		;;
+	-x)
+		ignored=1
+		;;
+	-X)
+		ignoredonly=1
+		;;
+	--)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	*)
+		usage # should not happen
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+# requireForce used to default to false but now it defaults to true.
+# IOW, lack of explicit "clean.requireForce = false" is taken as
+# "clean.requireForce = true".
+case "$disabled" in
+"")
+	die "clean.requireForce not set and -n or -f not given; refusing to clean"
+	;;
+"true")
+	die "clean.requireForce set and -n or -f not given; refusing to clean"
+	;;
+esac
+
+if [ "$ignored,$ignoredonly" = "1,1" ]; then
+	die "-x and -X cannot be set together"
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$ignored" ]; then
+	excl="--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore"
+	excl_info= excludes_file=
+	if [ -f "$GIT_DIR/info/exclude" ]; then
+		excl_info="--exclude-from=$GIT_DIR/info/exclude"
+	fi
+	if cfg_excl=$(git config core.excludesfile) && test -f "$cfg_excl"
+	then
+		excludes_file="--exclude-from=$cfg_excl"
+	fi
+	if [ "$ignoredonly" ]; then
+		excl="$excl --ignored"
+	fi
+fi
+
+git ls-files --others --directory \
+	$excl ${excl_info:+"$excl_info"} ${excludes_file:+"$excludes_file"} \
+	-- "$@" |
+while read -r file; do
+	if [ -d "$file" -a ! -L "$file" ]; then
+		if [ -z "$cleandir" ]; then
+			$rm_refuse "$file"
+			continue
+		fi
+		$echo1 "Removing $file"
+		$rmrf "$file"
+	else
+		$echo1 "Removing $file"
+		$rmf "$file"
+	fi
+done
diff --git a/git-clone.sh b/contrib/examples/git-clone.sh
index 513b574d13..547228e13c 100755
--- a/git-clone.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-clone.sh
@@ -2,32 +2,66 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2005, Linus Torvalds
 # Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
-# 
+#
 # Clone a repository into a different directory that does not yet exist.
 
 # See git-sh-setup why.
 unset CDPATH
 
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]
+--
+n,no-checkout        don't create a checkout
+bare                 create a bare repository
+naked                create a bare repository
+l,local              to clone from a local repository
+no-hardlinks         don't use local hardlinks, always copy
+s,shared             setup as a shared repository
+template=            path to the template directory
+q,quiet              be quiet
+reference=           reference repository
+o,origin=            use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream
+u,upload-pack=       path to git-upload-pack on the remote
+depth=               create a shallow clone of that depth
+
+use-separate-remote  compatibility, do not use
+no-separate-remote   compatibility, do not use"
+
 die() {
 	echo >&2 "$@"
 	exit 1
 }
 
 usage() {
-	die "Usage: $0 [--template=<template_directory>] [--reference <reference-repo>] [--bare] [-l [-s]] [-q] [-u <upload-pack>] [--origin <name>] [--depth <n>] [-n] <repo> [<dir>]"
+	exec "$0" -h
 }
 
+eval "$(echo "$OPTIONS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
+
 get_repo_base() {
-	(cd "$1" && (cd .git ; pwd)) 2> /dev/null
+	(
+		cd "`/bin/pwd`" &&
+		cd "$1" || cd "$1.git" &&
+		{
+			cd .git
+			pwd
+		}
+	) 2>/dev/null
 }
 
-if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" ]; then
+if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" -o \
+	"`git config --bool http.sslVerify`" = false ]; then
     curl_extra_args="-k"
 fi
 
 http_fetch () {
 	# $1 = Remote, $2 = Local
 	curl -nsfL $curl_extra_args "$1" >"$2"
+	curl_exit_status=$?
+	case $curl_exit_status in
+	126|127) exit ;;
+	*)	 return $curl_exit_status ;;
+	esac
 }
 
 clone_dumb_http () {
@@ -36,7 +70,7 @@ clone_dumb_http () {
 	clone_tmp="$GIT_DIR/clone-tmp" &&
 	mkdir -p "$clone_tmp" || exit 1
 	if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"`git-config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
+		"`git config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
 		curl_extra_args="${curl_extra_args} --disable-epsv"
 	fi
 	http_fetch "$1/info/refs" "$clone_tmp/refs" ||
@@ -60,16 +94,27 @@ Perhaps git-update-server-info needs to be run there?"
 		else
 			tname=$name
 		fi
-		git-http-fetch $v -a -w "$tname" "$name" "$1" || exit 1
+		git-http-fetch $v -a -w "$tname" "$sha1" "$1" || exit 1
 	done <"$clone_tmp/refs"
 	rm -fr "$clone_tmp"
 	http_fetch "$1/HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD" ||
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
+	if test -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"; then
+		head_sha1=`cat "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"`
+		case "$head_sha1" in
+		'ref: refs/'*)
+			;;
+		*)
+			git-http-fetch $v -a "$head_sha1" "$1" ||
+			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
 }
 
 quiet=
 local=no
-use_local=no
+use_local_hardlink=yes
 local_shared=no
 unset template
 no_checkout=
@@ -81,60 +126,59 @@ origin_override=
 use_separate_remote=t
 depth=
 no_progress=
+local_explicitly_asked_for=
 test -t 1 || no_progress=--no-progress
-while
-	case "$#,$1" in
-	0,*) break ;;
-	*,-n|*,--no|*,--no-|*,--no-c|*,--no-ch|*,--no-che|*,--no-chec|\
-	*,--no-check|*,--no-checko|*,--no-checkou|*,--no-checkout)
-	  no_checkout=yes ;;
-	*,--na|*,--nak|*,--nake|*,--naked|\
-	*,-b|*,--b|*,--ba|*,--bar|*,--bare) bare=yes ;;
-	*,-l|*,--l|*,--lo|*,--loc|*,--loca|*,--local) use_local=yes ;;
-        *,-s|*,--s|*,--sh|*,--sha|*,--shar|*,--share|*,--shared) 
-          local_shared=yes; use_local=yes ;;
-	1,--template) usage ;;
-	*,--template)
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-n|--no-checkout)
+		no_checkout=yes ;;
+	--naked|--bare)
+		bare=yes ;;
+	-l|--local)
+		local_explicitly_asked_for=yes
+		use_local_hardlink=yes
+		;;
+	--no-hardlinks)
+		use_local_hardlink=no ;;
+	-s|--shared)
+		local_shared=yes ;;
+	--template)
 		shift; template="--template=$1" ;;
-	*,--template=*)
-	  template="$1" ;;
-	*,-q|*,--quiet) quiet=-q ;;
-	*,--use-separate-remote) ;;
-	*,--no-separate-remote)
+	-q|--quiet)
+		quiet=-q ;;
+	--use-separate-remote|--no-separate-remote)
 		die "clones are always made with separate-remote layout" ;;
-	1,--reference) usage ;;
-	*,--reference)
+	--reference)
 		shift; reference="$1" ;;
-	*,--reference=*)
-		reference=`expr "z$1" : 'z--reference=\(.*\)'` ;;
-	*,-o|*,--or|*,--ori|*,--orig|*,--origi|*,--origin)
-		case "$2" in
+	-o|--origin)
+		shift;
+		case "$1" in
 		'')
 		    usage ;;
 		*/*)
-		    die "'$2' is not suitable for an origin name"
+		    die "'$1' is not suitable for an origin name"
 		esac
-		git-check-ref-format "heads/$2" ||
-		    die "'$2' is not suitable for a branch name"
+		git check-ref-format "heads/$1" ||
+		    die "'$1' is not suitable for a branch name"
 		test -z "$origin_override" ||
 		    die "Do not give more than one --origin options."
 		origin_override=yes
-		origin="$2"; shift
+		origin="$1"
 		;;
-	1,-u|1,--upload-pack) usage ;;
-	*,-u|*,--upload-pack)
+	-u|--upload-pack)
 		shift
 		upload_pack="--upload-pack=$1" ;;
-	*,--upload-pack=*)
-		upload_pack=--upload-pack=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)') ;;
-	1,--depth) usage;;
-	*,--depth)
+	--depth)
+		shift
+		depth="--depth=$1" ;;
+	--)
 		shift
-		depth="--depth=$1";;
-	*,-*) usage ;;
-	*) break ;;
+		break ;;
+	*)
+		usage ;;
 	esac
-do
 	shift
 done
 
@@ -162,22 +206,63 @@ fi
 # it is local
 if base=$(get_repo_base "$repo"); then
 	repo="$base"
-	local=yes
+	if test -z "$depth"
+	then
+		local=yes
+	fi
+elif test -f "$repo"
+then
+	case "$repo" in /*) ;; *) repo="$PWD/$repo" ;; esac
+fi
+
+# Decide the directory name of the new repository
+if test -n "$2"
+then
+	dir="$2"
+	test $# = 2 || die "excess parameter to git-clone"
+else
+	# Derive one from the repository name
+	# Try using "humanish" part of source repo if user didn't specify one
+	if test -f "$repo"
+	then
+		# Cloning from a bundle
+		dir=$(echo "$repo" | sed -e 's|/*\.bundle$||' -e 's|.*/||g')
+	else
+		dir=$(echo "$repo" |
+			sed -e 's|/$||' -e 's|:*/*\.git$||' -e 's|.*[/:]||g')
+	fi
 fi
 
-dir="$2"
-# Try using "humanish" part of source repo if user didn't specify one
-[ -z "$dir" ] && dir=$(echo "$repo" | sed -e 's|/$||' -e 's|:*/*\.git$||' -e 's|.*[/:]||g')
 [ -e "$dir" ] && die "destination directory '$dir' already exists."
-mkdir -p "$dir" &&
-D=$(cd "$dir" && pwd) &&
-trap 'err=$?; cd ..; rm -rf "$D"; exit $err' 0
-case "$bare" in
-yes)
-	GIT_DIR="$D" ;;
-*)
-	GIT_DIR="$D/.git" ;;
-esac && export GIT_DIR && git-init ${template+"$template"} || usage
+[ yes = "$bare" ] && unset GIT_WORK_TREE
+[ -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" ] && [ -e "$GIT_WORK_TREE" ] &&
+die "working tree '$GIT_WORK_TREE' already exists."
+D=
+W=
+cleanup() {
+	test -z "$D" && rm -rf "$dir"
+	test -z "$W" && test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && rm -rf "$GIT_WORK_TREE"
+	cd ..
+	test -n "$D" && rm -rf "$D"
+	test -n "$W" && rm -rf "$W"
+	exit $err
+}
+trap 'err=$?; cleanup' 0
+mkdir -p "$dir" && D=$(cd "$dir" && pwd) || usage
+test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && mkdir -p "$GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
+W=$(cd "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && pwd) && GIT_WORK_TREE="$W" && export GIT_WORK_TREE
+if test yes = "$bare" || test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE"; then
+	GIT_DIR="$D"
+else
+	GIT_DIR="$D/.git"
+fi &&
+export GIT_DIR &&
+GIT_CONFIG="$GIT_DIR/config" git-init $quiet ${template+"$template"} || usage
+
+if test -n "$bare"
+then
+	GIT_CONFIG="$GIT_DIR/config" git config core.bare true
+fi
 
 if test -n "$reference"
 then
@@ -215,34 +300,45 @@ fi
 rm -f "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD"
 
 # We do local magic only when the user tells us to.
-case "$local,$use_local" in
-yes,yes)
+case "$local" in
+yes)
 	( cd "$repo/objects" ) ||
-		die "-l flag seen but repository '$repo' is not local."
-
-	case "$local_shared" in
-	no)
-	    # See if we can hardlink and drop "l" if not.
-	    sample_file=$(cd "$repo" && \
-			  find objects -type f -print | sed -e 1q)
-
-	    # objects directory should not be empty since we are cloning!
-	    test -f "$repo/$sample_file" || exit
-
-	    l=
-	    if ln "$repo/$sample_file" "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample" 2>/dev/null
-	    then
-		    l=l
-	    fi &&
-	    rm -f "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample" &&
-	    cd "$repo" &&
-	    find objects -depth -print | cpio -pumd$l "$GIT_DIR/" || exit 1
-	    ;;
-	yes)
-	    mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/objects/info"
-	    echo "$repo/objects" >> "$GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates"
-	    ;;
-	esac
+		die "cannot chdir to local '$repo/objects'."
+
+	if test "$local_shared" = yes
+	then
+		mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/objects/info"
+		echo "$repo/objects" >>"$GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates"
+	else
+		cpio_quiet_flag=""
+		cpio --help 2>&1 | grep -- --quiet >/dev/null && \
+			cpio_quiet_flag=--quiet
+		l= &&
+		if test "$use_local_hardlink" = yes
+		then
+			# See if we can hardlink and drop "l" if not.
+			sample_file=$(cd "$repo" && \
+				      find objects -type f -print | sed -e 1q)
+			# objects directory should not be empty because
+			# we are cloning!
+			test -f "$repo/$sample_file" ||
+				die "fatal: cannot clone empty repository"
+			if ln "$repo/$sample_file" "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample" 2>/dev/null
+			then
+				rm -f "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample"
+				l=l
+			elif test -n "$local_explicitly_asked_for"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "Warning: -l asked but cannot hardlink to $repo"
+			fi
+		fi &&
+		cd "$repo" &&
+		# Create dirs using umask and permissions and destination
+		find objects -type d -print | (cd "$GIT_DIR" && xargs mkdir -p) &&
+		# Copy existing 0444 permissions on content
+		find objects ! -type d -print | cpio $cpio_quiet_flag -pumd$l "$GIT_DIR/" || \
+			exit 1
+	fi
 	git-ls-remote "$repo" >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" || exit 1
 	;;
 *)
@@ -292,11 +388,17 @@ yes,yes)
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
-		case "$upload_pack" in
-		'') git-fetch-pack --all -k $quiet $depth $no_progress "$repo";;
-		*) git-fetch-pack --all -k $quiet "$upload_pack" $depth $no_progress "$repo" ;;
-		esac >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" ||
+		if [ -f "$repo" ] ; then
+			git bundle unbundle "$repo" > "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" ||
+			die "unbundle from '$repo' failed."
+		else
+			case "$upload_pack" in
+			'') git-fetch-pack --all -k $quiet $depth $no_progress "$repo";;
+			*) git-fetch-pack --all -k \
+				$quiet "$upload_pack" $depth $no_progress "$repo" ;;
+			esac >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" ||
 			die "fetch-pack from '$repo' failed."
+		fi
 		;;
 	esac
 	;;
@@ -327,17 +429,22 @@ then
 		*)
 			continue ;;
 		esac
-		git-update-ref -m "clone: from $repo" "$destname" "$sha1" ""
+		git update-ref -m "clone: from $repo" "$destname" "$sha1" ""
 	done < "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD"
 fi
 
-cd "$D" || exit
+if test -n "$W"; then
+	cd "$W" || exit
+else
+	cd "$D" || exit
+fi
 
-if test -z "$bare" && test -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
+if test -z "$bare"
 then
 	# a non-bare repository is always in separate-remote layout
 	remote_top="refs/remotes/$origin"
-	head_sha1=`cat "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"`
+	head_sha1=
+	test ! -r "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD" || head_sha1=`cat "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"`
 	case "$head_sha1" in
 	'ref: refs/'*)
 		# Uh-oh, the remote told us (http transport done against
@@ -370,37 +477,49 @@ then
 		)
 	)
 
+	# Upstream URL
+	git config remote."$origin".url "$repo" &&
+
+	# Set up the mappings to track the remote branches.
+	git config remote."$origin".fetch \
+		"+refs/heads/*:$remote_top/*" '^$' &&
+
 	# Write out remote.$origin config, and update our "$head_points_at".
 	case "$head_points_at" in
 	?*)
 		# Local default branch
-		git-symbolic-ref HEAD "refs/heads/$head_points_at" &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD "refs/heads/$head_points_at" &&
 
 		# Tracking branch for the primary branch at the remote.
-		origin_track="$remote_top/$head_points_at" &&
-		git-update-ref HEAD "$head_sha1" &&
-
-		# Upstream URL
-		git-config remote."$origin".url "$repo" &&
+		git update-ref HEAD "$head_sha1" &&
 
-		# Set up the mappings to track the remote branches.
-		git-config remote."$origin".fetch \
-			"+refs/heads/*:$remote_top/*" '^$' &&
 		rm -f "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD"
-		git-symbolic-ref "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD" \
+		git symbolic-ref "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD" \
 			"refs/remotes/$origin/$head_points_at" &&
 
-		git-config branch."$head_points_at".remote "$origin" &&
-		git-config branch."$head_points_at".merge "refs/heads/$head_points_at"
+		git config branch."$head_points_at".remote "$origin" &&
+		git config branch."$head_points_at".merge "refs/heads/$head_points_at"
+		;;
+	'')
+		if test -z "$head_sha1"
+		then
+			# Source had nonexistent ref in HEAD
+			echo >&2 "Warning: Remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout."
+			no_checkout=t
+		else
+			# Source had detached HEAD pointing nowhere
+			git update-ref --no-deref HEAD "$head_sha1" &&
+			rm -f "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD"
+		fi
+		;;
 	esac
 
 	case "$no_checkout" in
 	'')
 		test "z$quiet" = z -a "z$no_progress" = z && v=-v || v=
-		git-read-tree -m -u $v HEAD HEAD
+		git read-tree -m -u $v HEAD HEAD
 	esac
 fi
 rm -f "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
 
 trap - 0
-
diff --git a/git-commit.sh b/contrib/examples/git-commit.sh
index 9e0959aec0..5c72f655c7 100755
--- a/git-commit.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-commit.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 
-USAGE='[-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [--no-verify] [-m <message> | -F <logfile> | (-C|-c) <commit> | --amend] [-u] [-e] [--author <author>] [[-i | -o] <path>...]'
+USAGE='[-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [--no-verify] [-m <message> | -F <logfile> | (-C|-c) <commit> | --amend] [-u] [-e] [--author <author>] [--template <file>] [[-i | -o] <path>...]'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
-git-rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1 || initial_commit=t
+git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1 || initial_commit=t
 
 case "$0" in
 *status)
@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@ refuse_partial () {
 	exit 1
 }
 
-THIS_INDEX="$GIT_DIR/index"
+TMP_INDEX=
+THIS_INDEX="${GIT_INDEX_FILE:-$GIT_DIR/index}"
 NEXT_INDEX="$GIT_DIR/next-index$$"
 rm -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
 save_index () {
@@ -49,11 +51,12 @@ run_status () {
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE
 	fi
 
-	case "$status_only" in
-	t) color= ;;
-	*) color=--nocolor ;;
-	esac
-	git-runstatus ${color} \
+	if test "$status_only" = "t" -o "$use_status_color" = "t"; then
+		color=
+	else
+		color=--nocolor
+	fi
+	git runstatus ${color} \
 		${verbose:+--verbose} \
 		${amend:+--amend} \
 		${untracked_files:+--untracked}
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ trap '
 
 all=
 also=
+allow_empty=f
 interactive=
 only=
 logfile=
@@ -87,7 +91,8 @@ signoff=
 force_author=
 only_include_assumed=
 untracked_files=
-while case "$#" in 0) break;; esac
+templatefile="`git config commit.template`"
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	-F|--F|-f|--f|--fi|--fil|--file)
@@ -96,102 +101,75 @@ do
 		no_edit=t
 		log_given=t$log_given
 		logfile="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
 	-F*|-f*)
 		no_edit=t
 		log_given=t$log_given
-		logfile=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[Ff]\(.*\)'`
-		shift
+		logfile="${1#-[Ff]}"
 		;;
 	--F=*|--f=*|--fi=*|--fil=*|--file=*)
 		no_edit=t
 		log_given=t$log_given
-		logfile=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		shift
+		logfile="${1#*=}"
 		;;
 	-a|--a|--al|--all)
 		all=t
-		shift
+		;;
+	--allo|--allow|--allow-|--allow-e|--allow-em|--allow-emp|\
+	--allow-empt|--allow-empty)
+		allow_empty=t
 		;;
 	--au=*|--aut=*|--auth=*|--autho=*|--author=*)
-		force_author=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		shift
+		force_author="${1#*=}"
 		;;
 	--au|--aut|--auth|--autho|--author)
 		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
 		shift
 		force_author="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
 	-e|--e|--ed|--edi|--edit)
 		edit_flag=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-i|--i|--in|--inc|--incl|--inclu|--includ|--include)
 		also=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	--int|--inte|--inter|--intera|--interac|--interact|--interacti|\
 	--interactiv|--interactive)
 		interactive=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-o|--o|--on|--onl|--only)
 		only=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-m|--m|--me|--mes|--mess|--messa|--messag|--message)
 		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
 		shift
 		log_given=m$log_given
-		if test "$log_message" = ''
-		then
-		    log_message="$1"
-		else
-		    log_message="$log_message
+		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
 
-$1"
-		fi
+}$1"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-m*)
 		log_given=m$log_given
-		if test "$log_message" = ''
-		then
-		    log_message=`expr "z$1" : 'z-m\(.*\)'`
-		else
-		    log_message="$log_message
+		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
 
-`expr "z$1" : 'z-m\(.*\)'`"
-		fi
+}${1#-m}"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	--m=*|--me=*|--mes=*|--mess=*|--messa=*|--messag=*|--message=*)
 		log_given=m$log_given
-		if test "$log_message" = ''
-		then
-		    log_message=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		else
-		    log_message="$log_message
+		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
 
-`expr "z$1" : 'zq-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`"
-		fi
+}${1#*=}"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-v|--no-ve|--no-ver|--no-veri|--no-verif|\
 	--no-verify)
 		verify=
-		shift
 		;;
 	--a|--am|--ame|--amen|--amend)
 		amend=t
-		log_given=t$log_given
 		use_commit=HEAD
-		shift
 		;;
 	-c)
 		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
@@ -199,15 +177,13 @@ $1"
 		log_given=t$log_given
 		use_commit="$1"
 		no_edit=
-		shift
 		;;
 	--ree=*|--reed=*|--reedi=*|--reedit=*|--reedit-=*|--reedit-m=*|\
 	--reedit-me=*|--reedit-mes=*|--reedit-mess=*|--reedit-messa=*|\
 	--reedit-messag=*|--reedit-message=*)
 		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		use_commit="${1#*=}"
 		no_edit=
-		shift
 		;;
 	--ree|--reed|--reedi|--reedit|--reedit-|--reedit-m|--reedit-me|\
 	--reedit-mes|--reedit-mess|--reedit-messa|--reedit-messag|\
@@ -217,7 +193,6 @@ $1"
 		log_given=t$log_given
 		use_commit="$1"
 		no_edit=
-		shift
 		;;
 	-C)
 		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
@@ -225,15 +200,13 @@ $1"
 		log_given=t$log_given
 		use_commit="$1"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	--reu=*|--reus=*|--reuse=*|--reuse-=*|--reuse-m=*|--reuse-me=*|\
 	--reuse-mes=*|--reuse-mess=*|--reuse-messa=*|--reuse-messag=*|\
 	--reuse-message=*)
 		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		use_commit="${1#*=}"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	--reu|--reus|--reuse|--reuse-|--reuse-m|--reuse-me|--reuse-mes|\
 	--reuse-mess|--reuse-messa|--reuse-messag|--reuse-message)
@@ -242,25 +215,26 @@ $1"
 		log_given=t$log_given
 		use_commit="$1"
 		no_edit=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-s|--s|--si|--sig|--sign|--signo|--signof|--signoff)
 		signoff=t
+		;;
+	-t|--t|--te|--tem|--temp|--templ|--templa|--templat|--template)
+		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
 		shift
+		templatefile="$1"
+		no_edit=
 		;;
 	-q|--q|--qu|--qui|--quie|--quiet)
 		quiet=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
 		verbose=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	-u|--u|--un|--unt|--untr|--untra|--untrac|--untrack|--untracke|\
 	--untracked|--untracked-|--untracked-f|--untracked-fi|--untracked-fil|\
 	--untracked-file|--untracked-files)
 		untracked_files=t
-		shift
 		;;
 	--)
 		shift
@@ -273,6 +247,7 @@ $1"
 		break
 		;;
 	esac
+	shift
 done
 case "$edit_flag" in t) no_edit= ;; esac
 
@@ -290,9 +265,9 @@ esac
 
 case "$log_given" in
 tt*)
-	die "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--amend can be used." ;;
+	die "Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used." ;;
 *tm*|*mt*)
-	die "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--amend." ;;
+	die "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F." ;;
 esac
 
 case "$#,$also,$only,$amend" in
@@ -313,14 +288,22 @@ unset only
 case "$all,$interactive,$also,$#" in
 *t,*t,*)
 	die "Cannot use -a, --interactive or -i at the same time." ;;
-t,,[1-9]*)
+t,,,[1-9]*)
 	die "Paths with -a does not make sense." ;;
-,t,[1-9]*)
+,t,,[1-9]*)
 	die "Paths with --interactive does not make sense." ;;
 ,,t,0)
 	die "No paths with -i does not make sense." ;;
 esac
 
+if test ! -z "$templatefile" -a -z "$log_given"
+then
+	if test ! -f "$templatefile"
+	then
+		die "Commit template file does not exist."
+	fi
+fi
+
 ################################################################
 # Prepare index to have a tree to be committed
 
@@ -335,20 +318,20 @@ t,)
 		cd_to_toplevel &&
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX" &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-		git-diff-files --name-only -z |
-		git-update-index --remove -z --stdin
+		git diff-files --name-only -z |
+		git update-index --remove -z --stdin
 	) || exit
 	;;
 ,t)
 	save_index &&
-	git-ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
 
-	git-diff-files --name-only -z -- "$@"  |
+	git diff-files --name-only -z -- "$@"  |
 	(
 		cd_to_toplevel &&
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX" &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-		git-update-index --remove -z --stdin
+		git update-index --remove -z --stdin
 	) || exit
 	;;
 ,)
@@ -363,29 +346,32 @@ t,)
 		then
 			refuse_partial "Cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 		fi
+
 		TMP_INDEX="$GIT_DIR/tmp-index$$"
-		commit_only=`git-ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@"` || exit
+		W=
+		test -z "$initial_commit" && W=--with-tree=HEAD
+		commit_only=`git ls-files --error-unmatch $W -- "$@"` || exit
 
 		# Build a temporary index and update the real index
 		# the same way.
 		if test -z "$initial_commit"
 		then
 			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$THIS_INDEX" \
-			git-read-tree --index-output="$TMP_INDEX" -i -m HEAD
+			git read-tree --index-output="$TMP_INDEX" -i -m HEAD
 		else
 			rm -f "$TMP_INDEX"
 		fi || exit
 
-		echo "$commit_only" |
+		printf '%s\n' "$commit_only" |
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" \
-		git-update-index --add --remove --stdin &&
+		git update-index --add --remove --stdin &&
 
 		save_index &&
-		echo "$commit_only" |
+		printf '%s\n' "$commit_only" |
 		(
 			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX"
 			export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-			git-update-index --remove --stdin
+			git update-index --add --remove --stdin
 		) || exit
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -408,12 +394,12 @@ case "$status_only" in
 t)
 	# This will silently fail in a read-only repository, which is
 	# what we want.
-	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git-update-index -q --unmerged --refresh
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git update-index -q --unmerged --refresh
 	run_status
 	exit $?
 	;;
 '')
-	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git-update-index -q --refresh || exit
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git update-index -q --refresh || exit
 	;;
 esac
 
@@ -422,17 +408,13 @@ esac
 
 if test t = "$verify" && test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit
 then
-	if test "$TMP_INDEX"
-	then
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit
-	else
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit
-	fi || exit
+    GIT_INDEX_FILE="${TMP_INDEX:-${USE_INDEX}}" "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit \
+    || exit
 fi
 
 if test "$log_message" != ''
 then
-	echo "$log_message"
+	printf '%s\n' "$log_message"
 elif test "$logfile" != ""
 then
 	if test "$logfile" = -
@@ -454,20 +436,25 @@ then
 elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
 then
 	cat "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-fi | git-stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+elif test "$templatefile" != ""
+then
+	cat "$templatefile"
+fi | git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 
 case "$signoff" in
 t)
-	need_blank_before_signoff=
+	sign=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
+		s/>.*/>/
+		s/^/Signed-off-by: /
+		')
+	blank_before_signoff=
 	tail -n 1 "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG |
-	grep 'Signed-off-by:' >/dev/null || need_blank_before_signoff=yes
-	{
-		test -z "$need_blank_before_signoff" || echo
-		git-var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
-			s/>.*/>/
-			s/^/Signed-off-by: /
-		'
-	} >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+	grep 'Signed-off-by:' >/dev/null || blank_before_signoff='
+'
+	tail -n 1 "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG |
+	grep "$sign"$ >/dev/null ||
+	printf '%s%s\n' "$blank_before_signoff" "$sign" \
+		>>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	;;
 esac
 
@@ -475,7 +462,7 @@ if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" && test -z "$no_edit"; then
 	echo "#"
 	echo "# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE."
 	echo "# If this is not correct, please remove the file"
-	echo "#	$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
+	printf '%s\n' "#	$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
 	echo "# and try again"
 	echo "#"
 fi >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
@@ -483,34 +470,8 @@ fi >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 # Author
 if test '' != "$use_commit"
 then
-	pick_author_script='
-	/^author /{
-		s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
-		h
-		s/^author \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='\''&'\''/p
-
-		q
-	}
-	'
-	encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
-	set_author_env=`git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$use_commit" |
-	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"`
-	eval "$set_author_env"
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+	eval "$(get_author_ident_from_commit "$use_commit")"
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 fi
 if test '' != "$force_author"
 then
@@ -531,12 +492,12 @@ then
 		PARENTS="-p HEAD "`sed -e 's/^/-p /' "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"`
 	elif test -n "$amend"; then
 		rloga='commit (amend)'
-		PARENTS=$(git-cat-file commit HEAD |
+		PARENTS=$(git cat-file commit HEAD |
 			sed -n -e '/^$/q' -e 's/^parent /-p /p')
 	fi
-	current="$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)"
+	current="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)"
 else
-	if [ -z "$(git-ls-files)" ]; then
+	if [ -z "$(git ls-files)" ]; then
 		echo >&2 'nothing to commit (use "git add file1 file2" to include for commit)'
 		exit 1
 	fi
@@ -557,29 +518,26 @@ then
 	} >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 else
 	# we need to check if there is anything to commit
-	run_status >/dev/null 
+	run_status >/dev/null
 fi
-if [ "$?" != "0" -a ! -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" -a -z "$amend" ]
-then
+case "$allow_empty,$?,$PARENTS" in
+t,* | ?,0,* | ?,*,-p' '?*-p' '?*)
+	# an explicit --allow-empty, or a merge commit can record the
+	# same tree as its parent.  Otherwise having commitable paths
+	# is required.
+	;;
+*)
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG" "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
+	use_status_color=t
 	run_status
 	exit 1
-fi
+esac
 
 case "$no_edit" in
 '')
-	case "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR},$TERM" in
-	,dumb)
-		echo >&2 "Terminal is dumb but no VISUAL nor EDITOR defined."
-		echo >&2 "Please supply the commit log message using either"
-		echo >&2 "-m or -F option.  A boilerplate log message has"
-		echo >&2 "been prepared in $GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG"
-		exit 1
-		;;
-	esac
-	git-var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
-	git-var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
-	${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}} "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG"
+	git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
+	git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
+	git_editor "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG"
 	;;
 esac
 
@@ -603,23 +561,48 @@ then
 else
     cat "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 fi |
-git-stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG
+git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG
+
+# Test whether the commit message has any content we didn't supply.
+have_commitmsg=
+grep -v -i '^Signed-off-by' "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG |
+	git stripspace > "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
+
+# Is the commit message totally empty?
+if test -s "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
+then
+	if test "$templatefile" != ""
+	then
+		# Test whether this is just the unaltered template.
+		if cnt=`sed -e '/^#/d' < "$templatefile" |
+			git stripspace |
+			diff "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG - |
+			wc -l` &&
+		   test 0 -lt $cnt
+		then
+			have_commitmsg=t
+		fi
+	else
+		# No template, so the content in the commit message must
+		# have come from the user.
+		have_commitmsg=t
+	fi
+fi
+
+rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
 
-if cnt=`grep -v -i '^Signed-off-by' "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG |
-	git-stripspace |
-	wc -l` &&
-   test 0 -lt $cnt
+if test "$have_commitmsg" = "t"
 then
 	if test -z "$TMP_INDEX"
 	then
-		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git-write-tree)
+		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git write-tree)
 	else
-		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" git-write-tree) &&
+		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" git write-tree) &&
 		rm -f "$TMP_INDEX"
 	fi &&
-	commit=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG | git-commit-tree $tree $PARENTS) &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree $PARENTS <"$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_MSG") &&
 	rlogm=$(sed -e 1q "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG) &&
-	git-update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $rlogm" HEAD $commit "$current" &&
+	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $rlogm" HEAD $commit "$current" &&
 	rm -f -- "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG" &&
 	if test -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
 	then
@@ -636,21 +619,20 @@ rm -f "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_MSG" "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG" "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
 
 cd_to_toplevel
 
-if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-then
-	git-rerere
-fi
+git rerere
 
 if test "$ret" = 0
 then
+	git gc --auto
 	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-commit
 	then
 		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-commit
 	fi
 	if test -z "$quiet"
 	then
+		commit=`git diff-tree --always --shortstat --pretty="format:%h: %s"\
+		       --summary --root HEAD --`
 		echo "Created${initial_commit:+ initial} commit $commit"
-		git-diff-tree --shortstat --summary --root --no-commit-id HEAD --
 	fi
 fi
 
diff --git a/git-fetch.sh b/contrib/examples/git-fetch.sh
index b04bd553f8..e44af2c86d 100755
--- a/git-fetch.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-fetch.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ shallow_depth=
 no_progress=
 test -t 1 || no_progress=--no-progress
 quiet=
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	-a|--a|--ap|--app|--appe|--appen|--append)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ do
 		quiet=--quiet
 		;;
 	-v|--verbose)
-		verbose=Yes
+		verbose="$verbose"Yes
 		;;
 	-k|--k|--ke|--kee|--keep)
 		keep='-k -k'
@@ -117,20 +117,20 @@ append_fetch_head () {
 	test -n "$verbose" && flags="$flags$LF-v"
 	test -n "$force$single_force" && flags="$flags$LF-f"
 	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" \
-		git-fetch--tool $flags append-fetch-head "$@"
+		git fetch--tool $flags append-fetch-head "$@"
 }
 
 # updating the current HEAD with git-fetch in a bare
 # repository is always fine.
 if test -z "$update_head_ok" && test $(is_bare_repository) = false
 then
-	orig_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
 fi
 
 # Allow --notags from remote.$1.tagopt
 case "$tags$no_tags" in
 '')
-	case "$(git-config --get "remote.$1.tagopt")" in
+	case "$(git config --get "remote.$1.tagopt")" in
 	--no-tags)
 		no_tags=t ;;
 	esac
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ if test "$tags"
 then
 	taglist=`IFS='	' &&
 		  echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-		  git-show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
+		  git show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
 	          while read sha1 name
 		  do
 			echo ".${name}:${name}"
@@ -163,23 +163,54 @@ fi
 
 fetch_all_at_once () {
 
-  eval=$(echo "$1" | git-fetch--tool parse-reflist "-")
+  eval=$(echo "$1" | git fetch--tool parse-reflist "-")
   eval "$eval"
 
     ( : subshell because we muck with IFS
       IFS=" 	$LF"
       (
 	if test "$remote" = . ; then
-	    git-show-ref $rref || echo failed "$remote"
+	    git show-ref $rref || echo failed "$remote"
 	elif test -f "$remote" ; then
 	    test -n "$shallow_depth" &&
 		die "shallow clone with bundle is not supported"
-	    git-bundle unbundle "$remote" $rref ||
+	    git bundle unbundle "$remote" $rref ||
 	    echo failed "$remote"
 	else
-	  git-fetch-pack --thin $exec $keep $shallow_depth \
-	      $quiet $no_progress "$remote" $rref ||
-	  echo failed "$remote"
+		if	test -d "$remote" &&
+
+			# The remote might be our alternate.  With
+			# this optimization we will bypass fetch-pack
+			# altogether, which means we cannot be doing
+			# the shallow stuff at all.
+			test ! -f "$GIT_DIR/shallow" &&
+			test -z "$shallow_depth" &&
+
+			# See if all of what we are going to fetch are
+			# connected to our repository's tips, in which
+			# case we do not have to do any fetch.
+			theirs=$(echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
+				git fetch--tool -s pick-rref "$rref" "-") &&
+
+			# This will barf when $theirs reach an object that
+			# we do not have in our repository.  Otherwise,
+			# we already have everything the fetch would bring in.
+			git rev-list --objects $theirs --not --all \
+				>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+		then
+			echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
+				git fetch--tool pick-rref "$rref" "-"
+		else
+			flags=
+			case $verbose in
+			YesYes*)
+			    flags="-v"
+			    ;;
+			esac
+			git-fetch-pack --thin $exec $keep $shallow_depth \
+				$quiet $no_progress $flags "$remote" $rref ||
+			echo failed "$remote"
+		fi
 	fi
       ) |
       (
@@ -187,7 +218,7 @@ fetch_all_at_once () {
 	test -n "$verbose" && flags="$flags -v"
 	test -n "$force" && flags="$flags -f"
 	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" \
-		git-fetch--tool $flags native-store \
+		git fetch--tool $flags native-store \
 			"$remote" "$remote_nick" "$refs"
       )
     ) || exit
@@ -234,21 +265,13 @@ fetch_per_ref () {
 	      curl_extra_args="-k"
 	  fi
 	  if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"`git-config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
+		"`git config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
 	      noepsv_opt="--disable-epsv"
 	  fi
 
 	  # Find $remote_name from ls-remote output.
-	  head=$(
-		IFS='	'
-		echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-		while read sha1 name
-		do
-			test "z$name" = "z$remote_name" || continue
-			echo "$sha1"
-			break
-		done
-	  )
+	  head=$(echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
+		git fetch--tool -s pick-rref "$remote_name" "-")
 	  expr "z$head" : "z$_x40\$" >/dev/null ||
 		die "No such ref $remote_name at $remote"
 	  echo >&2 "Fetching $remote_name from $remote using $proto"
@@ -260,7 +283,7 @@ fetch_per_ref () {
 		die "shallow clone with rsync not supported"
 	  TMP_HEAD="$GIT_DIR/TMP_HEAD"
 	  rsync -L -q "$remote/$remote_name" "$TMP_HEAD" || exit 1
-	  head=$(git-rev-parse --verify TMP_HEAD)
+	  head=$(git rev-parse --verify TMP_HEAD)
 	  rm -f "$TMP_HEAD"
 	  case "$quiet" in '') v=-v ;; *) v= ;; esac
 	  test "$rsync_slurped_objects" || {
@@ -319,10 +342,10 @@ case "$no_tags$tags" in
 		# using local tracking branch.
 		taglist=$(IFS='	' &&
 		echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-		git-show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
+		git show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
 		while read sha1 name
 		do
-			git-cat-file -t "$sha1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
+			git cat-file -t "$sha1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
 			echo >&2 "Auto-following $name"
 			echo ".${name}:${name}"
 		done)
@@ -342,10 +365,10 @@ case "$orig_head" in
 '')
 	;;
 ?*)
-	curr_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+	curr_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
 	if test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
 	then
-	    git-update-ref \
+	    git update-ref \
 			-m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: Undoing incorrectly fetched HEAD." \
 			HEAD "$orig_head"
 		die "Cannot fetch into the current branch."
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh b/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
index 436d7caff5..1597e9f33f 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
 
 no_prune=:
-while case $# in 0) break ;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	--prune)
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ notbare|"")
 esac
 
 test "true" != "$pack_refs" ||
-git-pack-refs --prune &&
-git-reflog expire --all &&
+git pack-refs --prune &&
+git reflog expire --all &&
 git-repack -a -d -l &&
-$no_prune git-prune &&
-git-rerere gc || exit
+$no_prune git prune &&
+git rerere gc || exit
diff --git a/git-ls-remote.sh b/contrib/examples/git-ls-remote.sh
index a6ed99a7c5..fec70bbf88 100755
--- a/git-ls-remote.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-ls-remote.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ die () {
 }
 
 exec=
-while case "$#" in 0) break;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
   case "$1" in
   -h|--h|--he|--hea|--head|--heads)
@@ -54,11 +54,12 @@ tmpdir=$tmp-d
 
 case "$peek_repo" in
 http://* | https://* | ftp://* )
-        if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" ]; then
-            curl_extra_args="-k"
-        fi
+	if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" -o \
+		"`git config --bool http.sslVerify`" = false ]; then
+		curl_extra_args="-k"
+	fi
 	if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"`git-config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
+		"`git config --bool http.noEPSV`" = true ]; then
 		curl_extra_args="${curl_extra_args} --disable-epsv"
 	fi
 	curl -nsf $curl_extra_args --header "Pragma: no-cache" "$peek_repo/info/refs" ||
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ rsync://* )
 	(cd $tmpdir && find refs -type f) |
 	while read path
 	do
-		cat "$tmpdir/$path" | tr -d '\012'
+		tr -d '\012' <"$tmpdir/$path"
 		echo "	$path"
 	done &&
 	rm -fr $tmpdir
diff --git a/git-merge-ours.sh b/contrib/examples/git-merge-ours.sh
index 2b6a5c0d10..29dba4ba3a 100755
--- a/git-merge-ours.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-merge-ours.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
 # because the current index is what we will be committing as the
 # merge result.
 
-git-diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD || exit 2
+git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- || exit 2
 
 exit 0
diff --git a/git-merge.sh b/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
index 7ebbce4bdb..e9588eec33 100755
--- a/git-merge.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,21 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-USAGE='[-n] [--no-commit] [--squash] [-s <strategy>] [-m=<merge-message>] <commit>+'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git merge [options] <remote>...
+git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>
+--
+stat                 show a diffstat at the end of the merge
+n                    don't show a diffstat at the end of the merge
+summary              (synonym to --stat)
+log                  add list of one-line log to merge commit message
+squash               create a single commit instead of doing a merge
+commit               perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)
+ff                   allow fast forward (default)
+s,strategy=          merge strategy to use
+m,message=           message to be used for the merge commit (if any)
+"
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -19,28 +33,30 @@ LF='
 all_strategies='recur recursive octopus resolve stupid ours subtree'
 default_twohead_strategies='recursive'
 default_octopus_strategies='octopus'
-no_trivial_merge_strategies='ours subtree'
+no_fast_forward_strategies='subtree ours'
+no_trivial_strategies='recursive recur subtree ours'
 use_strategies=
 
-index_merge=t
+allow_fast_forward=t
+allow_trivial_merge=t
+squash= no_commit= log_arg=
 
 dropsave() {
 	rm -f -- "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG" \
-		 "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_SAVE" || exit 1
+		 "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH" || exit 1
 }
 
 savestate() {
 	# Stash away any local modifications.
-	git-diff-index -z --name-only $head |
-	cpio -0 -o >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_SAVE"
+	git stash create >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
 }
 
 restorestate() {
-        if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_SAVE"
+        if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
 	then
 		git reset --hard $head >/dev/null
-		cpio -iuv <"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_SAVE"
-		git-update-index --refresh >/dev/null
+		git stash apply $(cat "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH")
+		git update-index --refresh >/dev/null
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -57,7 +73,7 @@ finish_up_to_date () {
 squash_message () {
 	echo Squashed commit of the following:
 	echo
-	git-log --no-merges ^"$head" $remote
+	git log --no-merges --pretty=medium ^"$head" $remoteheads
 }
 
 finish () {
@@ -79,7 +95,8 @@ finish () {
 			echo "No merge message -- not updating HEAD"
 			;;
 		*)
-			git-update-ref -m "$rlogm" HEAD "$1" "$head" || exit 1
+			git update-ref -m "$rlogm" HEAD "$1" "$head" || exit 1
+			git gc --auto
 			;;
 		esac
 		;;
@@ -88,24 +105,37 @@ finish () {
 	'')
 		;;
 	?*)
-		case "$no_summary" in
-		'')
-			git-diff-tree --stat --summary -M "$head" "$1"
-			;;
-		esac
+		if test "$show_diffstat" = t
+		then
+			# We want color (if set), but no pager
+			GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary -M "$head" "$1"
+		fi
 		;;
 	esac
+
+	# Run a post-merge hook
+        if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge
+        then
+	    case "$squash" in
+	    t)
+                "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge 1
+		;;
+	    '')
+                "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge 0
+		;;
+	    esac
+        fi
 }
 
 merge_name () {
 	remote="$1"
-	rh=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$remote^0" 2>/dev/null) || return
-	bh=$(git-show-ref -s --verify "refs/heads/$remote" 2>/dev/null)
+	rh=$(git rev-parse --verify "$remote^0" 2>/dev/null) || return
+	bh=$(git show-ref -s --verify "refs/heads/$remote" 2>/dev/null)
 	if test "$rh" = "$bh"
 	then
 		echo "$rh		branch '$remote' of ."
 	elif truname=$(expr "$remote" : '\(.*\)~[1-9][0-9]*$') &&
-		git-show-ref -q --verify "refs/heads/$truname" 2>/dev/null
+		git show-ref -q --verify "refs/heads/$truname" 2>/dev/null
 	then
 		echo "$rh		branch '$truname' (early part) of ."
 	elif test "$remote" = "FETCH_HEAD" -a -r "$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD"
@@ -117,55 +147,76 @@ merge_name () {
 	fi
 }
 
-case "$#" in 0) usage ;; esac
-
-have_message=
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-s|--no-su|--no-sum|--no-summ|\
-		--no-summa|--no-summar|--no-summary)
-		no_summary=t ;;
-	--sq|--squ|--squa|--squas|--squash)
-		squash=t no_commit=t ;;
-	--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|--no-commi|--no-commit)
-		no_commit=t ;;
-	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
-		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
-	-s|--s|--st|--str|--stra|--strat|--strate|--strateg|--strategy)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			strategy=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			strategy="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		case " $all_strategies " in
-		*" $strategy "*)
-			use_strategies="$use_strategies$strategy " ;;
-		*)
-			die "available strategies are: $all_strategies" ;;
+parse_config () {
+	while test $# != 0; do
+		case "$1" in
+		-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
+			show_diffstat=false ;;
+		--stat|--summary)
+			show_diffstat=t ;;
+		--log|--no-log)
+			log_arg=$1 ;;
+		--squash)
+			test "$allow_fast_forward" = t ||
+				die "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+			squash=t no_commit=t ;;
+		--no-squash)
+			squash= no_commit= ;;
+		--commit)
+			no_commit= ;;
+		--no-commit)
+			no_commit=t ;;
+		--ff)
+			allow_fast_forward=t ;;
+		--no-ff)
+			test "$squash" != t ||
+				die "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+			allow_fast_forward=f ;;
+		-s|--strategy)
+			shift
+			case " $all_strategies " in
+			*" $1 "*)
+				use_strategies="$use_strategies$1 " ;;
+			*)
+				die "available strategies are: $all_strategies" ;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		-m|--message)
+			shift
+			merge_msg="$1"
+			have_message=t
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break ;;
+		*)	usage ;;
 		esac
-		;;
-	-m=*|--m=*|--me=*|--mes=*|--mess=*|--messa=*|--messag=*|--message=*)
-		merge_msg=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		have_message=t
-		;;
-	-m|--m|--me|--mes|--mess|--messa|--messag|--message)
 		shift
-		case "$#" in
-		1)	usage ;;
-		esac
-		merge_msg="$1"
-		have_message=t
-		;;
-	-*)	usage ;;
-	*)	break ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
+	done
+	args_left=$#
+}
+
+test $# != 0 || usage
+
+have_message=
+
+if branch=$(git-symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+then
+	mergeopts=$(git config "branch.${branch#refs/heads/}.mergeoptions")
+	if test -n "$mergeopts"
+	then
+		parse_config $mergeopts --
+	fi
+fi
+
+parse_config "$@"
+while test $args_left -lt $#; do shift; done
+
+if test -z "$show_diffstat"; then
+    test "$(git config --bool merge.diffstat)" = false && show_diffstat=false
+    test "$(git config --bool merge.stat)" = false && show_diffstat=false
+    test -z "$show_diffstat" && show_diffstat=t
+fi
 
 # This could be traditional "merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."  and the
 # way we can tell it is to see if the second token is HEAD, but some
@@ -174,15 +225,15 @@ done
 # have "-m" so it is an additional safety measure to check for it.
 
 if test -z "$have_message" &&
-	second_token=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$2^0" 2>/dev/null) &&
-	head_commit=$(git-rev-parse --verify "HEAD" 2>/dev/null) &&
+	second_token=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2^0" 2>/dev/null) &&
+	head_commit=$(git rev-parse --verify "HEAD" 2>/dev/null) &&
 	test "$second_token" = "$head_commit"
 then
 	merge_msg="$1"
 	shift
 	head_arg="$1"
 	shift
-elif ! git-rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
+elif ! git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	# If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason to
 	# forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.  We do
@@ -196,8 +247,8 @@ then
 	rh=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1^0") ||
 		die "$1 - not something we can merge"
 
-	git-update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD "$rh" "" &&
-	git-read-tree --reset -u HEAD
+	git update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD "$rh" "" &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
 	exit
 
 else
@@ -212,11 +263,11 @@ else
 	merge_name=$(for remote
 		do
 			merge_name "$remote"
-		done | git-fmt-merge-msg
+		done | git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg
 	)
 	merge_msg="${merge_msg:+$merge_msg$LF$LF}$merge_name"
 fi
-head=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$head_arg"^0) || usage
+head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$head_arg"^0) || usage
 
 # All the rest are remote heads
 test "$#" = 0 && usage ;# we need at least one remote head.
@@ -225,7 +276,7 @@ set_reflog_action "merge $*"
 remoteheads=
 for remote
 do
-	remotehead=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$remote"^0 2>/dev/null) ||
+	remotehead=$(git rev-parse --verify "$remote"^0 2>/dev/null) ||
 	    die "$remote - not something we can merge"
 	remoteheads="${remoteheads}$remotehead "
 	eval GITHEAD_$remotehead='"$remote"'
@@ -237,7 +288,7 @@ case "$use_strategies" in
 '')
 	case "$#" in
 	1)
-		var="`git-config --get pull.twohead`"
+		var="`git config --get pull.twohead`"
 		if test -n "$var"
 		then
 			use_strategies="$var"
@@ -245,7 +296,7 @@ case "$use_strategies" in
 			use_strategies="$default_twohead_strategies"
 		fi ;;
 	*)
-		var="`git-config --get pull.octopus`"
+		var="`git config --get pull.octopus`"
 		if test -n "$var"
 		then
 			use_strategies="$var"
@@ -258,11 +309,20 @@ esac
 
 for s in $use_strategies
 do
-	for nt in $no_trivial_merge_strategies
+	for ss in $no_fast_forward_strategies
 	do
 		case " $s " in
-		*" $nt "*)
-			index_merge=f
+		*" $ss "*)
+			allow_fast_forward=f
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+	for ss in $no_trivial_strategies
+	do
+		case " $s " in
+		*" $ss "*)
+			allow_trivial_merge=f
 			break
 			;;
 		esac
@@ -271,18 +331,15 @@ done
 
 case "$#" in
 1)
-	common=$(git-merge-base --all $head "$@")
+	common=$(git merge-base --all $head "$@")
 	;;
 *)
-	common=$(git-show-branch --merge-base $head "$@")
+	common=$(git show-branch --merge-base $head "$@")
 	;;
 esac
 echo "$head" >"$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
 
-case "$index_merge,$#,$common,$no_commit" in
-f,*)
-	# We've been told not to try anything clever.  Skip to real merge.
-	;;
+case "$allow_fast_forward,$#,$common,$no_commit" in
 ?,*,'',*)
 	# No common ancestors found. We need a real merge.
 	;;
@@ -292,17 +349,17 @@ f,*)
 	finish_up_to_date "Already up-to-date."
 	exit 0
 	;;
-?,1,"$head",*)
+t,1,"$head",*)
 	# Again the most common case of merging one remote.
-	echo "Updating $(git-rev-parse --short $head)..$(git-rev-parse --short $1)"
-	git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
+	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $1)"
+	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
 	msg="Fast forward"
 	if test -n "$have_message"
 	then
 		msg="$msg (no commit created; -m option ignored)"
 	fi
-	new_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1^0") &&
-	git-read-tree -v -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $head "$new_head" &&
+	new_head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1^0") &&
+	git read-tree -v -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $head "$new_head" &&
 	finish "$new_head" "$msg" || exit
 	dropsave
 	exit 0
@@ -314,22 +371,19 @@ f,*)
 ?,1,*,)
 	# We are not doing octopus, not fast forward, and have only
 	# one common.
-	git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	case " $use_strategies " in
-	*' recursive '*|*' recur '*)
-		: run merge later
-		;;
-	*)
+	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
+	case "$allow_trivial_merge" in
+	t)
 		# See if it is really trivial.
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
 		echo "Trying really trivial in-index merge..."
-		if git-read-tree --trivial -m -u -v $common $head "$1" &&
-		   result_tree=$(git-write-tree)
+		if git read-tree --trivial -m -u -v $common $head "$1" &&
+		   result_tree=$(git write-tree)
 		then
 			echo "Wonderful."
 			result_commit=$(
-				echo "$merge_msg" |
-				git-commit-tree $result_tree -p HEAD -p "$1"
+				printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" |
+				git commit-tree $result_tree -p HEAD -p "$1"
 			) || exit
 			finish "$result_commit" "In-index merge"
 			dropsave
@@ -343,7 +397,7 @@ f,*)
 	up_to_date=t
 	for remote
 	do
-		common_one=$(git-merge-base --all $head $remote)
+		common_one=$(git merge-base --all $head $remote)
 		if test "$common_one" != "$remote"
 		then
 			up_to_date=f
@@ -374,7 +428,7 @@ case "$use_strategies" in
     single_strategy=no
     ;;
 *)
-    rm -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_SAVE"
+    rm -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
     single_strategy=yes
     ;;
 esac
@@ -412,8 +466,8 @@ do
 	if test "$exit" -eq 1
 	then
 	    cnt=`{
-		git-diff-files --name-only
-		git-ls-files --unmerged
+		git diff-files --name-only
+		git ls-files --unmerged
 	    } | wc -l`
 	    if test $best_cnt -le 0 -o $cnt -le $best_cnt
 	    then
@@ -425,15 +479,21 @@ do
     }
 
     # Automerge succeeded.
-    result_tree=$(git-write-tree) && break
+    result_tree=$(git write-tree) && break
 done
 
 # If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
 # auto resolved the merge cleanly.
 if test '' != "$result_tree"
 then
-    parents=$(git-show-branch --independent "$head" "$@" | sed -e 's/^/-p /')
-    result_commit=$(echo "$merge_msg" | git-commit-tree $result_tree $parents) || exit
+    if test "$allow_fast_forward" = "t"
+    then
+        parents=$(git show-branch --independent "$head" "$@")
+    else
+        parents=$(git rev-parse "$head" "$@")
+    fi
+    parents=$(echo "$parents" | sed -e 's/^/-p /')
+    result_commit=$(printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" | git commit-tree $result_tree $parents) || exit
     finish "$result_commit" "Merge made by $wt_strategy."
     dropsave
     exit 0
@@ -472,7 +532,7 @@ else
 	do
 		echo $remote
 	done >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
-	echo "$merge_msg" >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
+	printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
 fi
 
 if test "$merge_was_ok" = t
@@ -489,9 +549,6 @@ Conflicts:
 		sed -e 's/^[^	]*	/	/' |
 		uniq
 	} >>"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-	if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-	then
-		git-rerere
-	fi
+	git rerere
 	die "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result."
 fi
diff --git a/git-remote.perl b/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
index 52013fe76d..b17952a785 100755
--- a/git-remote.perl
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
+use strict;
 use Git;
 my $git = Git->repository();
 
 sub add_remote_config {
 	my ($hash, $name, $what, $value) = @_;
 	if ($what eq 'url') {
-		if (exists $hash->{$name}{'URL'}) {
-			print STDERR "Warning: more than one remote.$name.url\n";
+		# Having more than one is Ok -- it is used for push.
+		if (! exists $hash->{'URL'}) {
+			$hash->{$name}{'URL'} = $value;
 		}
-		$hash->{$name}{'URL'} = $value;
 	}
 	elsif ($what eq 'fetch') {
 		$hash->{$name}{'FETCH'} ||= [];
@@ -128,10 +129,7 @@ sub update_ls_remote {
 	return if (($harder == 0) ||
 		   (($harder == 1) && exists $info->{'LS_REMOTE'}));
 
-	my @ref = map {
-		s|^[0-9a-f]{40}\s+refs/heads/||;
-		$_;
-	} $git->command(qw(ls-remote --heads), $info->{'URL'});
+	my @ref = map { s|refs/heads/||; $_; } keys %{$git->remote_refs($info->{'URL'}, [ 'heads' ])};
 	$info->{'LS_REMOTE'} = \@ref;
 }
 
@@ -218,7 +216,7 @@ sub prune_remote {
 	my ($name, $ls_remote) = @_;
 	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
 		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
-		return;
+		return 1;
 	}
 	my $info = $remote->{$name};
 	update_ls_remote($ls_remote, $info);
@@ -229,13 +227,14 @@ sub prune_remote {
 		my @v = $git->command(qw(rev-parse --verify), "$prefix/$to_prune");
 		$git->command(qw(update-ref -d), "$prefix/$to_prune", $v[0]);
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 sub show_remote {
 	my ($name, $ls_remote) = @_;
 	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
 		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
-		return;
+		return 1;
 	}
 	my $info = $remote->{$name};
 	update_ls_remote($ls_remote, $info);
@@ -243,7 +242,8 @@ sub show_remote {
 	print "* remote $name\n";
 	print "  URL: $info->{'URL'}\n";
 	for my $branchname (sort keys %$branch) {
-		next if ($branch->{$branchname}{'REMOTE'} ne $name);
+		next unless (defined $branch->{$branchname}{'REMOTE'} &&
+			     $branch->{$branchname}{'REMOTE'} eq $name);
 		my @merged = map {
 			s|^refs/heads/||;
 			$_;
@@ -258,12 +258,14 @@ sub show_remote {
 	if ($info->{'PUSH'}) {
 		my @pushed = map {
 			s|^refs/heads/||;
+			s|^\+refs/heads/|+|;
 			s|:refs/heads/|:|;
 			$_;
 		} @{$info->{'PUSH'}};
 		print "  Local branch(es) pushed with 'git push'\n";
 		print "    @pushed\n";
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 sub add_remote {
@@ -277,7 +279,9 @@ sub add_remote {
 
 	for (@$track) {
 		$git->command('config', '--add', "remote.$name.fetch",
-			      "+refs/heads/$_:refs/remotes/$name/$_");
+				$opts->{'mirror'} ?
+				"+refs/$_:refs/$_" :
+				"+refs/heads/$_:refs/remotes/$name/$_");
 	}
 	if ($opts->{'fetch'}) {
 		$git->command('fetch', $name);
@@ -290,21 +294,22 @@ sub add_remote {
 
 sub update_remote {
 	my ($name) = @_;
+	my @remotes;
 
         my $conf = $git->config("remotes." . $name);
 	if (defined($conf)) {
 		@remotes = split(' ', $conf);
 	} elsif ($name eq 'default') {
-		undef @remotes;
+		@remotes = ();
 		for (sort keys %$remote) {
-			my $do_fetch = $git->config_boolean("remote." . $_ .
+			my $do_fetch = $git->config_bool("remote." . $_ .
 						    ".skipDefaultUpdate");
-			if (!defined($do_fetch) || $do_fetch ne "true") {
+			unless ($do_fetch) {
 				push @remotes, $_;
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
-		print STDERR "Remote group $name does not exists.\n";
+		print STDERR "Remote group $name does not exist.\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	for (@remotes) {
@@ -313,14 +318,54 @@ sub update_remote {
 	}
 }
 
+sub rm_remote {
+	my ($name) = @_;
+	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
+		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	$git->command('config', '--remove-section', "remote.$name");
+
+	eval {
+	    my @trackers = $git->command('config', '--get-regexp',
+			'branch.*.remote', $name);
+		for (@trackers) {
+			/^branch\.(.*)?\.remote/;
+			$git->config('--unset', "branch.$1.remote");
+			$git->config('--unset', "branch.$1.merge");
+		}
+	};
+
+	my @refs = $git->command('for-each-ref',
+		'--format=%(refname) %(objectname)', "refs/remotes/$name");
+	for (@refs) {
+		my ($ref, $object) = split;
+		$git->command(qw(update-ref -d), $ref, $object);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 sub add_usage {
 	print STDERR "Usage: git remote add [-f] [-t track]* [-m master] <name> <url>\n";
 	exit(1);
 }
 
+my $VERBOSE = 0;
+@ARGV = grep {
+	if ($_ eq '-v' or $_ eq '--verbose') {
+		$VERBOSE=1;
+		0
+	} else {
+		1
+	}
+} @ARGV;
+
 if (!@ARGV) {
 	for (sort keys %$remote) {
-		print "$_\n";
+		print "$_";
+		print "\t$remote->{$_}->{URL}" if $VERBOSE;
+		print "\n";
 	}
 }
 elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'show') {
@@ -338,16 +383,18 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'show') {
 		print STDERR "Usage: git remote show <remote>\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
+	my $status = 0;
 	for (; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		show_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
+		$status |= show_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
 	}
+	exit($status);
 }
 elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'update') {
 	if (@ARGV <= 1) {
 		update_remote("default");
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	for ($i = 1; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
+	for (my $i = 1; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
 		update_remote($ARGV[$i]);
 	}
 }
@@ -366,9 +413,11 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'prune') {
 		print STDERR "Usage: git remote prune <remote>\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
+	my $status = 0;
 	for (; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		prune_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
+		$status |= prune_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
 	}
+        exit($status);
 }
 elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'add') {
 	my %opts = ();
@@ -396,6 +445,10 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'add') {
 			shift @ARGV;
 			next;
 		}
+		if ($opt eq '--mirror') {
+			$opts{'mirror'} = 1;
+			next;
+		}
 		add_usage();
 	}
 	if (@ARGV != 3) {
@@ -403,9 +456,17 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'add') {
 	}
 	add_remote($ARGV[1], $ARGV[2], \%opts);
 }
+elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'rm') {
+	if (@ARGV <= 1) {
+		print STDERR "Usage: git remote rm <remote>\n";
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	exit(rm_remote($ARGV[1]));
+}
 else {
 	print STDERR "Usage: git remote\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote add <name> <url>\n";
+	print STDERR "       git remote rm <name>\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote show <name>\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote prune <name>\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote update [group]\n";
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl b/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4f692091e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# REuse REcorded REsolve.  This tool records a conflicted automerge
+# result and its hand resolution, and helps to resolve future
+# automerge that results in the same conflict.
+#
+# To enable this feature, create a directory 'rr-cache' under your
+# .git/ directory.
+
+use Digest;
+use File::Path;
+use File::Copy;
+
+my $git_dir = $::ENV{GIT_DIR} || ".git";
+my $rr_dir = "$git_dir/rr-cache";
+my $merge_rr = "$git_dir/rr-cache/MERGE_RR";
+
+my %merge_rr = ();
+
+sub read_rr {
+	if (!-f $merge_rr) {
+		%merge_rr = ();
+		return;
+	}
+	my $in;
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	open $in, "<$merge_rr" or die "$!: $merge_rr";
+	while (<$in>) {
+		chomp;
+		my ($name, $path) = /^([0-9a-f]{40})\t(.*)$/s;
+		$merge_rr{$path} = $name;
+	}
+	close $in;
+}
+
+sub write_rr {
+	my $out;
+	open $out, ">$merge_rr" or die "$!: $merge_rr";
+	for my $path (sort keys %merge_rr) {
+		my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
+		print $out "$name\t$path\0";
+	}
+	close $out;
+}
+
+sub compute_conflict_name {
+	my ($path) = @_;
+	my @side = ();
+	my $in;
+	open $in, "<$path"  or die "$!: $path";
+
+	my $sha1 = Digest->new("SHA-1");
+	my $hunk = 0;
+	while (<$in>) {
+		if (/^<<<<<<< .*/) {
+			$hunk++;
+			@side = ([], undef);
+		}
+		elsif (/^=======$/) {
+			$side[1] = [];
+		}
+		elsif (/^>>>>>>> .*/) {
+			my ($one, $two);
+			$one = join('', @{$side[0]});
+			$two = join('', @{$side[1]});
+			if ($two le $one) {
+				($one, $two) = ($two, $one);
+			}
+			$sha1->add($one);
+			$sha1->add("\0");
+			$sha1->add($two);
+			$sha1->add("\0");
+			@side = ();
+		}
+		elsif (@side == 0) {
+			next;
+		}
+		elsif (defined $side[1]) {
+			push @{$side[1]}, $_;
+		}
+		else {
+			push @{$side[0]}, $_;
+		}
+	}
+	close $in;
+	return ($sha1->hexdigest, $hunk);
+}
+
+sub record_preimage {
+	my ($path, $name) = @_;
+	my @side = ();
+	my ($in, $out);
+	open $in, "<$path"  or die "$!: $path";
+	open $out, ">$name" or die "$!: $name";
+
+	while (<$in>) {
+		if (/^<<<<<<< .*/) {
+			@side = ([], undef);
+		}
+		elsif (/^=======$/) {
+			$side[1] = [];
+		}
+		elsif (/^>>>>>>> .*/) {
+			my ($one, $two);
+			$one = join('', @{$side[0]});
+			$two = join('', @{$side[1]});
+			if ($two le $one) {
+				($one, $two) = ($two, $one);
+			}
+			print $out "<<<<<<<\n";
+			print $out $one;
+			print $out "=======\n";
+			print $out $two;
+			print $out ">>>>>>>\n";
+			@side = ();
+		}
+		elsif (@side == 0) {
+			print $out $_;
+		}
+		elsif (defined $side[1]) {
+			push @{$side[1]}, $_;
+		}
+		else {
+			push @{$side[0]}, $_;
+		}
+	}
+	close $out;
+	close $in;
+}
+
+sub find_conflict {
+	my $in;
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	my $pid = open($in, '-|');
+	die "$!" unless defined $pid;
+	if (!$pid) {
+		exec(qw(git ls-files -z -u)) or die "$!: ls-files";
+	}
+	my %path = ();
+	my @path = ();
+	while (<$in>) {
+		chomp;
+		my ($mode, $sha1, $stage, $path) =
+		    /^([0-7]+) ([0-9a-f]{40}) ([123])\t(.*)$/s;
+		$path{$path} |= (1 << $stage);
+	}
+	close $in;
+	while (my ($path, $status) = each %path) {
+		if ($status == 14) { push @path, $path; }
+	}
+	return @path;
+}
+
+sub merge {
+	my ($name, $path) = @_;
+	record_preimage($path, "$rr_dir/$name/thisimage");
+	unless (system('git', 'merge-file', map { "$rr_dir/$name/${_}image" }
+		       qw(this pre post))) {
+		my $in;
+		open $in, "<$rr_dir/$name/thisimage" or
+		    die "$!: $name/thisimage";
+		my $out;
+		open $out, ">$path" or die "$!: $path";
+		while (<$in>) { print $out $_; }
+		close $in;
+		close $out;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+sub garbage_collect_rerere {
+	# We should allow specifying these from the command line and
+	# that is why the caller gives @ARGV to us, but I am lazy.
+
+	my $cutoff_noresolve = 15; # two weeks
+	my $cutoff_resolve = 60; # two months
+	my @to_remove;
+	while (<$rr_dir/*/preimage>) {
+		my ($dir) = /^(.*)\/preimage$/;
+		my $cutoff = ((-f "$dir/postimage")
+			      ? $cutoff_resolve
+			      : $cutoff_noresolve);
+		my $age = -M "$_";
+		if ($cutoff <= $age) {
+			push @to_remove, $dir;
+		}
+	}
+	if (@to_remove) {
+		rmtree(\@to_remove);
+	}
+}
+
+-d "$rr_dir" || exit(0);
+
+read_rr();
+
+if (@ARGV) {
+	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
+	if ($arg eq 'clear') {
+		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
+			my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
+			if (-d "$rr_dir/$name" &&
+			    ! -f "$rr_dir/$name/postimage") {
+				rmtree(["$rr_dir/$name"]);
+			}
+		}
+		unlink $merge_rr;
+	}
+	elsif ($arg eq 'status') {
+		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
+			print $path, "\n";
+		}
+	}
+	elsif ($arg eq 'diff') {
+		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
+			my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
+			system('diff', ((@ARGV == 0) ? ('-u') : @ARGV),
+				'-L', "a/$path", '-L', "b/$path",
+				"$rr_dir/$name/preimage", $path);
+		}
+	}
+	elsif ($arg eq 'gc') {
+		garbage_collect_rerere(@ARGV);
+	}
+	else {
+		die "$0 unknown command: $arg\n";
+	}
+	exit 0;
+}
+
+my %conflict = map { $_ => 1 } find_conflict();
+
+# MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after merge
+# failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been hand resolved
+# in the working tree since then, but the initial run would catch all
+# and register their preimages.
+
+for my $path (keys %conflict) {
+	# This path has conflict.  If it is not recorded yet,
+	# record the pre-image.
+	if (!exists $merge_rr{$path}) {
+		my ($name, $hunk) = compute_conflict_name($path);
+		next unless ($hunk);
+		$merge_rr{$path} = $name;
+		if (! -d "$rr_dir/$name") {
+			mkpath("$rr_dir/$name", 0, 0777);
+			print STDERR "Recorded preimage for '$path'\n";
+			record_preimage($path, "$rr_dir/$name/preimage");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+# Now some of the paths that had conflicts earlier might have been
+# hand resolved.  Others may be similar to a conflict already that
+# was resolved before.
+
+for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
+	my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
+
+	# We could resolve this automatically if we have images.
+	if (-f "$rr_dir/$name/preimage" &&
+	    -f "$rr_dir/$name/postimage") {
+		if (merge($name, $path)) {
+			print STDERR "Resolved '$path' using previous resolution.\n";
+			# Then we do not have to worry about this path
+			# anymore.
+			delete $merge_rr{$path};
+			next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Let's see if we have resolved it.
+	(undef, my $hunk) = compute_conflict_name($path);
+	next if ($hunk);
+
+	print STDERR "Recorded resolution for '$path'.\n";
+	copy($path, "$rr_dir/$name/postimage");
+	# And we do not have to worry about this path anymore.
+	delete $merge_rr{$path};
+}
+
+# Write out the rest.
+write_rr();
diff --git a/git-reset.sh b/contrib/examples/git-reset.sh
index fee6d98d9c..bafeb52cd1 100755
--- a/git-reset.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-reset.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ require_work_tree
 update= reset_type=--mixed
 unset rev
 
-while case $# in 0) break ;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	--mixed | --soft | --hard)
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ do
 		usage
 		;;
 	*)
-		rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1") || exit
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") || exit
 		shift
 		break
 		;;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ do
 done
 
 : ${rev=HEAD}
-rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify $rev^0) || exit
+rev=$(git rev-parse --verify $rev^0) || exit
 
 # Skip -- in "git reset HEAD -- foo" and "git reset -- foo".
 case "$1" in --) shift ;; esac
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ then
 	test "$reset_type" = "--mixed" ||
 		die "Cannot do partial $reset_type reset."
 
-	git-diff-index --cached $rev -- "$@" |
+	git diff-index --cached $rev -- "$@" |
 	sed -e 's/^:\([0-7][0-7]*\) [0-7][0-7]* \([0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\) [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]* [A-Z]	\(.*\)$/\1 \2	\3/' |
 	git update-index --add --remove --index-info || exit
 	git update-index --refresh
@@ -66,22 +66,22 @@ fi
 if test "$reset_type" = "--soft"
 then
 	if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" ||
-	   test "" != "$(git-ls-files --unmerged)"
+	   test "" != "$(git ls-files --unmerged)"
 	then
 		die "Cannot do a soft reset in the middle of a merge."
 	fi
 else
-	git-read-tree --reset $update "$rev" || exit
+	git read-tree -v --reset $update "$rev" || exit
 fi
 
 # Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to.
-if orig=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+if orig=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
 then
 	echo "$orig" >"$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
 else
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
 fi
-git-update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" HEAD "$rev"
+git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" HEAD "$rev"
 update_ref_status=$?
 
 case "$reset_type" in
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ case "$reset_type" in
 	;; # Nothing else to do
 --mixed )
 	# Report what has not been updated.
-	git-update-index --refresh
+	git update-index --refresh
 	;;
 esac
 
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh b/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
index 36b90e3849..0ee1bd898e 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ dropheads() {
 		"$GIT_DIR/LAST_MERGE" || exit 1
 }
 
-head=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1"^0) &&
-merge=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$2"^0) &&
+head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1"^0) &&
+merge=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2"^0) &&
 merge_name="$2" &&
 merge_msg="$3" || usage
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ dropheads
 echo $head > "$GIT_DIR"/ORIG_HEAD
 echo $merge > "$GIT_DIR"/LAST_MERGE
 
-common=$(git-merge-base $head $merge)
+common=$(git merge-base $head $merge)
 if [ -z "$common" ]; then
 	die "Unable to find common commit between" $merge $head
 fi
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ case "$common" in
 	exit 0
 	;;
 "$head")
-	echo "Updating $(git-rev-parse --short $head)..$(git-rev-parse --short $merge)"
-	git-read-tree -u -m $head $merge || exit 1
-	git-update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: Fast forward" \
+	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $merge)"
+	git read-tree -u -m $head $merge || exit 1
+	git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: Fast forward" \
 		HEAD "$merge" "$head"
-	git-diff-tree -p $head $merge | git-apply --stat
+	git diff-tree -p $head $merge | git apply --stat
 	dropheads
 	exit 0
 	;;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
 # Find an optimum merge base if there are more than one candidates.
 LF='
 '
-common=$(git-merge-base -a $head $merge)
+common=$(git merge-base -a $head $merge)
 case "$common" in
 ?*"$LF"?*)
 	echo "Trying to find the optimum merge base."
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ case "$common" in
 	for c in $common
 	do
 		rm -f $G
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git-read-tree -m $c $head $merge \
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git read-tree -m $c $head $merge \
 			2>/dev/null || continue
 		# Count the paths that are unmerged.
-		cnt=`GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git-ls-files --unmerged | wc -l`
+		cnt=`GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l`
 		if test $best_cnt -le 0 -o $cnt -le $best_cnt
 		then
 			best=$c
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ case "$common" in
 esac
 
 echo "Trying to merge $merge into $head using $common."
-git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-git-read-tree -u -m $common $head $merge || exit 1
-result_tree=$(git-write-tree  2> /dev/null)
+git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
+git read-tree -u -m $common $head $merge || exit 1
+result_tree=$(git write-tree  2> /dev/null)
 if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
 	echo "Simple merge failed, trying Automatic merge"
 	git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a
@@ -102,11 +102,11 @@ if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
 		echo $merge > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_HEAD
 		die "Automatic merge failed, fix up by hand"
 	fi
-	result_tree=$(git-write-tree) || exit 1
+	result_tree=$(git write-tree) || exit 1
 fi
-result_commit=$(echo "$merge_msg" | git-commit-tree $result_tree -p $head -p $merge)
+result_commit=$(echo "$merge_msg" | git commit-tree $result_tree -p $head -p $merge)
 echo "Committed merge $result_commit"
-git-update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: In-index merge" \
+git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: In-index merge" \
 	HEAD "$result_commit" "$head"
-git-diff-tree -p $head $result_commit | git-apply --stat
+git diff-tree -p $head $result_commit | git apply --stat
 dropheads
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh b/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..49f00321b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
+# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
+#
+
+case "$0" in
+*-revert* )
+	test -t 0 && edit=-e
+	replay=
+	me=revert
+	USAGE='[--edit | --no-edit] [-n] <commit-ish>' ;;
+*-cherry-pick* )
+	replay=t
+	edit=
+	me=cherry-pick
+	USAGE='[--edit] [-n] [-r] [-x] <commit-ish>'  ;;
+* )
+	echo >&2 "What are you talking about?"
+	exit 1 ;;
+esac
+
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes ;# we will cd up
+. git-sh-setup
+require_work_tree
+cd_to_toplevel
+
+no_commit=
+while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|\
+	    --no-commi|--no-commit)
+		no_commit=t
+		;;
+	-e|--e|--ed|--edi|--edit)
+		edit=-e
+		;;
+	--n|--no|--no-|--no-e|--no-ed|--no-edi|--no-edit)
+		edit=
+		;;
+	-r)
+		: no-op ;;
+	-x|--i-really-want-to-expose-my-private-commit-object-name)
+		replay=
+		;;
+	-*)
+		usage
+		;;
+	*)
+		break
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+set_reflog_action "$me"
+
+test "$me,$replay" = "revert,t" && usage
+
+case "$no_commit" in
+t)
+	# We do not intend to commit immediately.  We just want to
+	# merge the differences in.
+	head=$(git-write-tree) ||
+		die "Your index file is unmerged."
+	;;
+*)
+	head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
+		die "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+	files=$(git-diff-index --cached --name-only $head) || exit
+	if [ "$files" ]; then
+		die "Dirty index: cannot $me (dirty: $files)"
+	fi
+	;;
+esac
+
+rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$@") &&
+commit=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$rev^0") ||
+	die "Not a single commit $@"
+prev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$commit^1" 2>/dev/null) ||
+	die "Cannot run $me a root commit"
+git-rev-parse --verify "$commit^2" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	die "Cannot run $me a multi-parent commit."
+
+encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
+
+# "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
+# the difference it introduces since its first parent "prev"
+# on top of the current HEAD if we are cherry-pick.  Or the
+# reverse of it if we are revert.
+
+case "$me" in
+revert)
+	git show -s --pretty=oneline --encoding="$encoding" $commit |
+	sed -e '
+		s/^[^ ]* /Revert "/
+		s/$/"/
+	'
+	echo
+	echo "This reverts commit $commit."
+	test "$rev" = "$commit" ||
+	echo "(original 'git revert' arguments: $@)"
+	base=$commit next=$prev
+	;;
+
+cherry-pick)
+	pick_author_script='
+	/^author /{
+		s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
+		h
+		s/^author \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='\''&'\''/p
+
+		g
+		s/^author [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='\''&'\''/p
+
+		g
+		s/^author [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='\''&'\''/p
+
+		q
+	}'
+
+	logmsg=`git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$commit"`
+	set_author_env=`echo "$logmsg" |
+	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"`
+	eval "$set_author_env"
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+
+	echo "$logmsg" |
+	sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //'
+	case "$replay" in
+	'')
+		echo "(cherry picked from commit $commit)"
+		test "$rev" = "$commit" ||
+		echo "(original 'git cherry-pick' arguments: $@)"
+		;;
+	esac
+	base=$prev next=$commit
+	;;
+
+esac >.msg
+
+eval GITHEAD_$head=HEAD
+eval GITHEAD_$next='`git show -s \
+	--pretty=oneline --encoding="$encoding" "$commit" |
+	sed -e "s/^[^ ]* //"`'
+export GITHEAD_$head GITHEAD_$next
+
+# This three way merge is an interesting one.  We are at
+# $head, and would want to apply the change between $commit
+# and $prev on top of us (when reverting), or the change between
+# $prev and $commit on top of us (when cherry-picking or replaying).
+
+git-merge-recursive $base -- $head $next &&
+result=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null) || {
+	mv -f .msg "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
+	{
+	    echo '
+Conflicts:
+'
+		git ls-files --unmerged |
+		sed -e 's/^[^	]*	/	/' |
+		uniq
+	} >>"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
+	echo >&2 "Automatic $me failed.  After resolving the conflicts,"
+	echo >&2 "mark the corrected paths with 'git-add <paths>'"
+	echo >&2 "and commit the result."
+	case "$me" in
+	cherry-pick)
+		echo >&2 "You may choose to use the following when making"
+		echo >&2 "the commit:"
+		echo >&2 "$set_author_env"
+	esac
+	exit 1
+}
+echo >&2 "Finished one $me."
+
+# If we are cherry-pick, and if the merge did not result in
+# hand-editing, we will hit this commit and inherit the original
+# author date and name.
+# If we are revert, or if our cherry-pick results in a hand merge,
+# we had better say that the current user is responsible for that.
+
+case "$no_commit" in
+'')
+	git-commit -n -F .msg $edit
+	rm -f .msg
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/git-svnimport.perl b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
index 3af8c7e110..4576c4a862 100755
--- a/git-svnimport.perl
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
@@ -49,11 +49,12 @@ getopts("A:b:C:dDFhiI:l:mM:o:rs:t:T:SP:R:uv") or usage();
 usage if $opt_h;
 
 my $tag_name = $opt_t || "tags";
-my $trunk_name = $opt_T || "trunk";
+my $trunk_name = defined $opt_T ? $opt_T : "trunk";
 my $branch_name = $opt_b || "branches";
 my $project_name = $opt_P || "";
 $project_name = "/" . $project_name if ($project_name);
 my $repack_after = $opt_R || 1000;
+my $root_pool = SVN::Pool->new_default;
 
 @ARGV == 1 or @ARGV == 2 or usage();
 
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ sub conn {
 	my $auth = SVN::Core::auth_open ([SVN::Client::get_simple_provider,
 			  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider,
 			  SVN::Client::get_username_provider]);
-	my $s = SVN::Ra->new(url => $repo, auth => $auth);
+	my $s = SVN::Ra->new(url => $repo, auth => $auth, pool => $root_pool);
 	die "SVN connection to $repo: $!\n" unless defined $s;
 	$self->{'svn'} = $s;
 	$self->{'repo'} = $repo;
@@ -147,11 +148,10 @@ sub file {
 
 	print "... $rev $path ...\n" if $opt_v;
 	my (undef, $properties);
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new();
 	$path =~ s#^/*##;
+	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
 	eval { (undef, $properties)
-		   = $self->{'svn'}->get_file($path,$rev,$fh,$pool); };
-	$pool->clear;
+		   = $self->{'svn'}->get_file($path,$rev,$fh); };
 	if($@) {
 		return undef if $@ =~ /Attempted to get checksum/;
 		die $@;
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ sub ignore {
 
 	print "... $rev $path ...\n" if $opt_v;
 	$path =~ s#^/*##;
+	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
 	my (undef,undef,$properties)
 	    = $self->{'svn'}->get_dir($path,$rev,undef);
 	if (exists $properties->{'svn:ignore'}) {
@@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ sub ignore {
 sub dir_list {
 	my($self,$path,$rev) = @_;
 	$path =~ s#^/*##;
+	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
 	my ($dirents,undef,$properties)
 	    = $self->{'svn'}->get_dir($path,$rev,undef);
 	return $dirents;
@@ -285,9 +287,9 @@ my $last_rev = "";
 my $last_branch;
 my $current_rev = $opt_s || 1;
 unless(-d $git_dir) {
-	system("git-init");
+	system("git init");
 	die "Cannot init the GIT db at $git_tree: $?\n" if $?;
-	system("git-read-tree");
+	system("git read-tree");
 	die "Cannot init an empty tree: $?\n" if $?;
 
 	$last_branch = $opt_o;
@@ -301,7 +303,7 @@ unless(-d $git_dir) {
 	-f "$git_dir/svn2git"
 		or die "'$git_dir/svn2git' does not exist.\n".
 		       "You need that file for incremental imports.\n";
-	open(F, "git-symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
+	open(F, "git symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
 		die "Cannot run git-symbolic-ref: $!\n";
 	chomp ($last_branch = <F>);
 	$last_branch = basename($last_branch);
@@ -329,7 +331,7 @@ EOM
 				"$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o") == 0;
 
 	# populate index
-	system('git-read-tree', $last_rev);
+	system('git', 'read-tree', $last_rev);
 	die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 
 	# Get the last import timestamps
@@ -358,10 +360,9 @@ open BRANCHES,">>", "$git_dir/svn2git";
 
 sub node_kind($$) {
 	my ($svnpath, $revision) = @_;
-	my $pool=SVN::Pool->new;
 	$svnpath =~ s#^/*##;
-	my $kind = $svn->{'svn'}->check_path($svnpath,$revision,$pool);
-	$pool->clear;
+	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
+	my $kind = $svn->{'svn'}->check_path($svnpath,$revision);
 	return $kind;
 }
 
@@ -398,7 +399,7 @@ sub get_file($$$) {
 	my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
 	die $! unless defined $pid;
 	if (!$pid) {
-	    exec("git-hash-object", "-w", $name)
+	    exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
 		or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
 	}
 	my $sha = <$F>;
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@ sub get_ignore($$$$$) {
 		my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
 		die $! unless defined $pid;
 		if (!$pid) {
-			exec("git-hash-object", "-w", $name)
+			exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
 			    or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
 		}
 		my $sha = <$F>;
@@ -542,11 +543,11 @@ sub copy_path($$$$$$$$) {
 	if ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
 		$srcpath =~ s#/*$#/#;
 	}
-	
+
 	my $pid = open my $f,'-|';
 	die $! unless defined $pid;
 	if (!$pid) {
-		exec("git-ls-tree","-r","-z",$gitrev,$srcpath)
+		exec("git","ls-tree","-r","-z",$gitrev,$srcpath)
 			or die $!;
 	}
 	local $/ = "\0";
@@ -560,7 +561,7 @@ sub copy_path($$$$$$$$) {
 		} else {
 			$p = $path;
 		}
-		push(@$new,[$mode,$sha1,$p]);	
+		push(@$new,[$mode,$sha1,$p]);
 	}
 	close($f) or
 		print STDERR "$newrev:$newbranch: could not list files in $oldpath \@ $rev\n";
@@ -633,7 +634,7 @@ sub commit {
 
 	my $rev;
 	if($revision > $opt_s and defined $parent) {
-		open(H,"git-rev-parse --verify $parent |");
+		open(H,'-|',"git","rev-parse","--verify",$parent);
 		$rev = <H>;
 		close(H) or do {
 			print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
@@ -670,7 +671,7 @@ sub commit {
 		unlink($git_index);
 	} elsif ($rev ne $last_rev) {
 		print "Switching from $last_rev to $rev ($branch)\n" if $opt_v;
-		system("git-read-tree", $rev);
+		system("git", "read-tree", $rev);
 		die "read-tree failed for $rev: $?\n" if $?;
 		$last_rev = $rev;
 	}
@@ -739,7 +740,7 @@ sub commit {
 			my $pid = open my $F, "-|";
 			die "$!" unless defined $pid;
 			if (!$pid) {
-				exec("git-ls-files", "-z", @o1) or die $!;
+				exec("git", "ls-files", "-z", @o1) or die $!;
 			}
 			@o1 = ();
 			local $/ = "\0";
@@ -757,7 +758,7 @@ sub commit {
 					@o2 = @o1;
 					@o1 = ();
 				}
-				system("git-update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
+				system("git","update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
 				die "Cannot remove files: $?\n" if $?;
 			}
 		}
@@ -769,7 +770,7 @@ sub commit {
 				@n2 = @new;
 				@new = ();
 			}
-			system("git-update-index","--add",
+			system("git","update-index","--add",
 				(map { ('--cacheinfo', @$_) } @n2));
 			die "Cannot add files: $?\n" if $?;
 		}
@@ -777,7 +778,7 @@ sub commit {
 		my $pid = open(C,"-|");
 		die "Cannot fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
 		unless($pid) {
-			exec("git-write-tree");
+			exec("git","write-tree");
 			die "Cannot exec git-write-tree: $!\n";
 		}
 		chomp(my $tree = <C>);
@@ -829,7 +830,7 @@ sub commit {
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=$committer_name",
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=$committer_email",
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
-				"git-commit-tree", $tree,@par);
+				"git", "commit-tree", $tree,@par);
 			die "Cannot exec git-commit-tree: $!\n";
 		}
 		$pw->writer();
@@ -867,34 +868,14 @@ sub commit {
 			or die "Cannot write branch $dest for update: $!\n";
 	}
 
-	if($tag) {
-		my($in, $out) = ('','');
+	if ($tag) {
 		$last_rev = "-" if %$changed_paths;
 		# the tag was 'complex', i.e. did not refer to a "real" revision
 
 		$dest =~ tr/_/\./ if $opt_u;
-		$branch = $dest;
-
-		my $pid = open2($in, $out, 'git-mktag');
-		print $out ("object $cid\n".
-		    "type commit\n".
-		    "tag $dest\n".
-		    "tagger $committer_name <$committer_email> 0 +0000\n") and
-		close($out)
-		    or die "Cannot create tag object $dest: $!\n";
-
-		my $tagobj = <$in>;
-		chomp $tagobj;
-
-		if ( !close($in) or waitpid($pid, 0) != $pid or
-				$? != 0 or $tagobj !~ /^[0123456789abcdef]{40}$/ ) {
-			die "Cannot create tag object $dest: $!\n";
-		}
 
-		open(C,">$git_dir/refs/tags/$dest") and
-		print C ("$tagobj\n") and
-		close(C)
-			or die "Cannot create tag $branch: $!\n";
+		system('git', 'tag', '-f', $dest, $cid) == 0
+			or die "Cannot create tag $dest: $!\n";
 
 		print "Created tag '$dest' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
 	}
@@ -909,7 +890,7 @@ sub commit_all {
 	# Recursive use of the SVN connection does not work
 	local $svn = $svn2;
 
-	my ($changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message, $pool) = @_;
+	my ($changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message) = @_;
 	my %p;
 	while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
 		$p{$path} = [ $action->action,$action->copyfrom_path, $action->copyfrom_rev, $path ];
@@ -945,18 +926,18 @@ print "Processing from $current_rev to $opt_l ...\n" if $opt_v;
 my $from_rev;
 my $to_rev = $current_rev - 1;
 
+my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
 while ($to_rev < $opt_l) {
+	$subpool->clear;
 	$from_rev = $to_rev + 1;
 	$to_rev = $from_rev + $repack_after;
 	$to_rev = $opt_l if $opt_l < $to_rev;
 	print "Fetching from $from_rev to $to_rev ...\n" if $opt_v;
-	my $pool=SVN::Pool->new;
-	$svn->{'svn'}->get_log("/",$from_rev,$to_rev,0,1,1,\&commit_all,$pool);
-	$pool->clear;
+	$svn->{'svn'}->get_log("",$from_rev,$to_rev,0,1,1,\&commit_all);
 	my $pid = fork();
 	die "Fork: $!\n" unless defined $pid;
 	unless($pid) {
-		exec("git-repack", "-d")
+		exec("git", "repack", "-d")
 			or die "Cannot repack: $!\n";
 	}
 	waitpid($pid, 0);
@@ -977,7 +958,7 @@ if($orig_branch) {
 	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 		if $forward_master;
 	unless ($opt_i) {
-		system('git-read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
+		system('git', 'read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
 		die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	}
 } else {
@@ -985,7 +966,7 @@ if($orig_branch) {
 	print "DONE; creating $orig_branch branch\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
 	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 		unless -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master";
-	system('git-update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
+	system('git', 'update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
 	unless ($opt_i) {
 		system('git checkout');
 		die "checkout failed: $?\n" if $?;
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svnimport.txt b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
index bdae7d87dc..3bb871e42f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svnimport.txt
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ When importing incrementally, you might need to edit the .git/svn2git file.
 	Prepend 'rX: ' to commit messages, where X is the imported
 	subversion revision.
 
+-u::
+	Replace underscores in tag names with periods.
+
 -I <ignorefile_name>::
 	Import the svn:ignore directory property to files with this
 	name in each directory. (The Subversion and GIT ignore
@@ -111,9 +114,9 @@ due to SVN memory leaks. (These have been worked around.)
 -R <repack_each_revs>::
 	Specify how often git repository should be repacked.
 +
-The default value is 1000. git-svnimport will do import in chunks of 1000
-revisions, after each chunk git repository will be repacked. To disable
-this behavior specify some big value here which is mote than number of
+The default value is 1000. git-svnimport will do imports in chunks of 1000
+revisions, after each chunk the git repository will be repacked. To disable
+this behavior specify some large value here which is greater than the number of
 revisions to import.
 
 -P <path_from_trunk>::
@@ -174,4 +177,3 @@ Documentation by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>.
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/git-tag.sh b/contrib/examples/git-tag.sh
index 4a0a7b6607..2c15bc955b 100755
--- a/git-tag.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-tag.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
 
-USAGE='-l [<pattern>] | [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f | -d | -v] [-m <msg>] <tagname> [<head>]'
+USAGE='[-n [<num>]] -l [<pattern>] | [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f | -d | -v] [-m <msg>] <tagname> [<head>]'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
@@ -13,36 +13,82 @@ message=
 username=
 list=
 verify=
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+LINES=0
+while test $# != 0
 do
     case "$1" in
     -a)
 	annotate=1
+	shift
 	;;
     -s)
 	annotate=1
 	signed=1
+	shift
 	;;
     -f)
 	force=1
+	shift
 	;;
-    -l)
-	case "$#" in
-	1)
-		set x . ;;
+    -n)
+        case "$#,$2" in
+	1,* | *,-*)
+		LINES=1 	# no argument
+		;;
+	*)	shift
+		LINES=$(expr "$1" : '\([0-9]*\)')
+		[ -z "$LINES" ] && LINES=1 # 1 line is default when -n is used
+		;;
 	esac
 	shift
-	git rev-parse --symbolic --tags | sort | grep "$@"
-	exit $?
+	;;
+    -l)
+	list=1
+	shift
+	case $# in
+	0)	PATTERN=
+		;;
+	*)
+		PATTERN="$1"	# select tags by shell pattern, not re
+		shift
+		;;
+	esac
+	git rev-parse --symbolic --tags | sort |
+	    while read TAG
+	    do
+	        case "$TAG" in
+		*$PATTERN*) ;;
+		*)	    continue ;;
+		esac
+		[ "$LINES" -le 0 ] && { echo "$TAG"; continue ;}
+		OBJTYPE=$(git cat-file -t "$TAG")
+		case $OBJTYPE in
+		tag)
+			ANNOTATION=$(git cat-file tag "$TAG" |
+				sed -e '1,/^$/d' |
+				sed -n -e "
+					/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----\$/q
+					2,\$s/^/    /
+					p
+					${LINES}q
+				")
+			printf "%-15s %s\n" "$TAG" "$ANNOTATION"
+			;;
+		*)      echo "$TAG"
+			;;
+		esac
+	    done
 	;;
     -m)
-    	annotate=1
+	annotate=1
 	shift
 	message="$1"
 	if test "$#" = "0"; then
 	    die "error: option -m needs an argument"
 	else
+	    message="$1"
 	    message_given=1
+	    shift
 	fi
 	;;
     -F)
@@ -53,25 +99,31 @@ do
 	else
 	    message="$(cat "$1")"
 	    message_given=1
+	    shift
 	fi
 	;;
     -u)
 	annotate=1
 	signed=1
 	shift
-	username="$1"
+	if test "$#" = "0"; then
+	    die "error: option -u needs an argument"
+	else
+	    username="$1"
+	    shift
+	fi
 	;;
     -d)
-    	shift
+	shift
 	had_error=0
 	for tag
 	do
-		cur=$(git-show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag") || {
+		cur=$(git show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag") || {
 			echo >&2 "Seriously, what tag are you talking about?"
 			had_error=1
 			continue
 		}
-		git-update-ref -m 'tag: delete' -d "refs/tags/$tag" "$cur" || {
+		git update-ref -m 'tag: delete' -d "refs/tags/$tag" "$cur" || {
 			had_error=1
 			continue
 		}
@@ -82,7 +134,7 @@ do
     -v)
 	shift
 	tag_name="$1"
-	tag=$(git-show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag_name") ||
+	tag=$(git show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag_name") ||
 		die "Seriously, what tag are you talking about?"
 	git-verify-tag -v "$tag"
 	exit $?
@@ -94,27 +146,28 @@ do
 	break
 	;;
     esac
-    shift
 done
 
+[ -n "$list" ] && exit 0
+
 name="$1"
 [ "$name" ] || usage
 prev=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-if git-show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/tags/$name"
+if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/tags/$name"
 then
     test -n "$force" || die "tag '$name' already exists"
     prev=`git rev-parse "refs/tags/$name"`
 fi
 shift
-git-check-ref-format "tags/$name" ||
+git check-ref-format "tags/$name" ||
 	die "we do not like '$name' as a tag name."
 
-object=$(git-rev-parse --verify --default HEAD "$@") || exit 1
-type=$(git-cat-file -t $object) || exit 1
-tagger=$(git-var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT) || exit 1
+object=$(git rev-parse --verify --default HEAD "$@") || exit 1
+type=$(git cat-file -t $object) || exit 1
+tagger=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT) || exit 1
 
 test -n "$username" ||
-	username=$(git-repo-config user.signingkey) ||
+	username=$(git config user.signingkey) ||
 	username=$(expr "z$tagger" : 'z\(.*>\)')
 
 trap 'rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP* "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG' 0
@@ -124,13 +177,13 @@ if [ "$annotate" ]; then
         ( echo "#"
           echo "# Write a tag message"
           echo "#" ) > "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG
-        ${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}} "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG || exit
+        git_editor "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG || exit
     else
-        echo "$message" >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG
+        printf '%s\n' "$message" >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG
     fi
 
     grep -v '^#' <"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG |
-    git-stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG
+    git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG
 
     [ -s "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG -o -n "$message_given" ] || {
 	echo >&2 "No tag message?"
@@ -150,4 +203,3 @@ if [ "$annotate" ]; then
 fi
 
 git update-ref "refs/tags/$name" "$object" "$prev"
-
diff --git a/git-verify-tag.sh b/contrib/examples/git-verify-tag.sh
index 8db7dd0b7d..0902a5c21a 100755
--- a/git-verify-tag.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-verify-tag.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
 verbose=
-while case $# in 0) break;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ then
 	usage
 fi
 
-type="$(git-cat-file -t "$1" 2>/dev/null)" ||
+type="$(git cat-file -t "$1" 2>/dev/null)" ||
 	die "$1: no such object."
 
 test "$type" = tag ||
@@ -29,17 +29,17 @@ test "$type" = tag ||
 
 case "$verbose" in
 t)
-	git-cat-file -p "$1" |
+	git cat-file -p "$1" |
 	sed -n -e '/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----/q' -e p
 	;;
 esac
 
 trap 'rm -f "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag"' 0
 
-git-cat-file tag "$1" >"$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" || exit 1
-
-cat "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" |
-sed '/-----BEGIN PGP/Q' |
+git cat-file tag "$1" >"$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" || exit 1
+sed -n -e '
+	/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----$/q
+	p
+' <"$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" |
 gpg --verify "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" - || exit 1
 rm -f "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag"
-
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f9fef6db28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Performs an initial import of a directory. This is the equivalent
+# of doing 'git init; git add .; git commit'. It's a little slower,
+# but is meant to be a simple fast-import example.
+
+use strict;
+use File::Find;
+
+my $USAGE = 'Usage: git-import branch import-message';
+my $branch = shift or die "$USAGE\n";
+my $message = shift or die "$USAGE\n";
+
+chomp(my $username = `git config user.name`);
+chomp(my $email = `git config user.email`);
+die 'You need to set user name and email'
+  unless $username && $email;
+
+system('git init');
+open(my $fi, '|-', qw(git fast-import --date-format=now))
+  or die "unable to spawn fast-import: $!";
+
+print $fi <<EOF;
+commit refs/heads/$branch
+committer $username <$email> now
+data <<MSGEOF
+$message
+MSGEOF
+
+EOF
+
+find(
+  sub {
+    if($File::Find::name eq './.git') {
+      $File::Find::prune = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+    return unless -f $_;
+
+    my $fn = $File::Find::name;
+    $fn =~ s#^.\/##;
+
+    open(my $in, '<', $_)
+      or die "unable to open $fn: $!";
+    my @st = stat($in)
+      or die "unable to stat $fn: $!";
+    my $len = $st[7];
+
+    print $fi "M 644 inline $fn\n";
+    print $fi "data $len\n";
+    while($len > 0) {
+      my $r = read($in, my $buf, $len < 4096 ? $len : 4096);
+      defined($r) or die "read error from $fn: $!";
+      $r > 0 or die "premature EOF from $fn: $!";
+      print $fi $buf;
+      $len -= $r;
+    }
+    print $fi "\n";
+
+  }, '.'
+);
+
+close($fi);
+exit $?;
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0ca7718d05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Performs an initial import of a directory. This is the equivalent
+# of doing 'git init; git add .; git commit'. It's a lot slower,
+# but is meant to be a simple fast-import example.
+
+if [ -z "$1" -o -z "$2" ]; then
+	echo "Usage: git-import branch import-message"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+USERNAME="$(git config user.name)"
+EMAIL="$(git config user.email)"
+
+if [ -z "$USERNAME" -o -z "$EMAIL" ]; then
+	echo "You need to set user name and email"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+git init
+
+(
+	cat <<EOF
+commit refs/heads/$1
+committer $USERNAME <$EMAIL> now
+data <<MSGEOF
+$2
+MSGEOF
+
+EOF
+	find * -type f|while read i;do
+		echo "M 100644 inline $i"
+		echo data $(stat -c '%s' "$i")
+		cat "$i"
+		echo
+	done
+	echo
+) | git fast-import --date-format=now
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4 b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..342529db30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
@@ -0,0 +1,1895 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# git-p4.py -- A tool for bidirectional operation between a Perforce depot and git.
+#
+# Author: Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
+# Copyright: 2007 Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
+#            2007 Trolltech ASA
+# License: MIT <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php>
+#
+
+import optparse, sys, os, marshal, popen2, subprocess, shelve
+import tempfile, getopt, sha, os.path, time, platform
+import re
+
+from sets import Set;
+
+verbose = False
+
+
+def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
+    """Build a suitable p4 command line.
+
+    This consolidates building and returning a p4 command line into one
+    location. It means that hooking into the environment, or other configuration
+    can be done more easily.
+    """
+    real_cmd = "%s " % "p4"
+
+    user = gitConfig("git-p4.user")
+    if len(user) > 0:
+        real_cmd += "-u %s " % user
+
+    password = gitConfig("git-p4.password")
+    if len(password) > 0:
+        real_cmd += "-P %s " % password
+
+    port = gitConfig("git-p4.port")
+    if len(port) > 0:
+        real_cmd += "-p %s " % port
+
+    host = gitConfig("git-p4.host")
+    if len(host) > 0:
+        real_cmd += "-h %s " % host
+
+    client = gitConfig("git-p4.client")
+    if len(client) > 0:
+        real_cmd += "-c %s " % client
+
+    real_cmd += "%s" % (cmd)
+    if verbose:
+        print real_cmd
+    return real_cmd
+
+def chdir(dir):
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        os.environ['PWD']=dir
+    os.chdir(dir)
+
+def die(msg):
+    if verbose:
+        raise Exception(msg)
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(msg + "\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+def write_pipe(c, str):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Writing pipe: %s\n' % c)
+
+    pipe = os.popen(c, 'w')
+    val = pipe.write(str)
+    if pipe.close():
+        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_write_pipe(c, str):
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return write_pipe(real_cmd, str)
+
+def read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % c)
+
+    pipe = os.popen(c, 'rb')
+    val = pipe.read()
+    if pipe.close() and not ignore_error:
+        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return read_pipe(real_cmd, ignore_error)
+
+def read_pipe_lines(c):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % c)
+    ## todo: check return status
+    pipe = os.popen(c, 'rb')
+    val = pipe.readlines()
+    if pipe.close():
+        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_read_pipe_lines(c):
+    """Specifically invoke p4 on the command supplied. """
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return read_pipe_lines(real_cmd)
+
+def system(cmd):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write("executing %s\n" % cmd)
+    if os.system(cmd) != 0:
+        die("command failed: %s" % cmd)
+
+def p4_system(cmd):
+    """Specifically invoke p4 as the system command. """
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(cmd)
+    return system(real_cmd)
+
+def isP4Exec(kind):
+    """Determine if a Perforce 'kind' should have execute permission
+
+    'p4 help filetypes' gives a list of the types.  If it starts with 'x',
+    or x follows one of a few letters.  Otherwise, if there is an 'x' after
+    a plus sign, it is also executable"""
+    return (re.search(r"(^[cku]?x)|\+.*x", kind) != None)
+
+def setP4ExecBit(file, mode):
+    # Reopens an already open file and changes the execute bit to match
+    # the execute bit setting in the passed in mode.
+
+    p4Type = "+x"
+
+    if not isModeExec(mode):
+        p4Type = getP4OpenedType(file)
+        p4Type = re.sub('^([cku]?)x(.*)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
+        p4Type = re.sub('(.*?\+.*?)x(.*?)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
+        if p4Type[-1] == "+":
+            p4Type = p4Type[0:-1]
+
+    p4_system("reopen -t %s %s" % (p4Type, file))
+
+def getP4OpenedType(file):
+    # Returns the perforce file type for the given file.
+
+    result = p4_read_pipe("opened %s" % file)
+    match = re.match(".*\((.+)\)\r?$", result)
+    if match:
+        return match.group(1)
+    else:
+        die("Could not determine file type for %s (result: '%s')" % (file, result))
+
+def diffTreePattern():
+    # This is a simple generator for the diff tree regex pattern. This could be
+    # a class variable if this and parseDiffTreeEntry were a part of a class.
+    pattern = re.compile(':(\d+) (\d+) (\w+) (\w+) ([A-Z])(\d+)?\t(.*?)((\t(.*))|$)')
+    while True:
+        yield pattern
+
+def parseDiffTreeEntry(entry):
+    """Parses a single diff tree entry into its component elements.
+
+    See git-diff-tree(1) manpage for details about the format of the diff
+    output. This method returns a dictionary with the following elements:
+
+    src_mode - The mode of the source file
+    dst_mode - The mode of the destination file
+    src_sha1 - The sha1 for the source file
+    dst_sha1 - The sha1 fr the destination file
+    status - The one letter status of the diff (i.e. 'A', 'M', 'D', etc)
+    status_score - The score for the status (applicable for 'C' and 'R'
+                   statuses). This is None if there is no score.
+    src - The path for the source file.
+    dst - The path for the destination file. This is only present for
+          copy or renames. If it is not present, this is None.
+
+    If the pattern is not matched, None is returned."""
+
+    match = diffTreePattern().next().match(entry)
+    if match:
+        return {
+            'src_mode': match.group(1),
+            'dst_mode': match.group(2),
+            'src_sha1': match.group(3),
+            'dst_sha1': match.group(4),
+            'status': match.group(5),
+            'status_score': match.group(6),
+            'src': match.group(7),
+            'dst': match.group(10)
+        }
+    return None
+
+def isModeExec(mode):
+    # Returns True if the given git mode represents an executable file,
+    # otherwise False.
+    return mode[-3:] == "755"
+
+def isModeExecChanged(src_mode, dst_mode):
+    return isModeExec(src_mode) != isModeExec(dst_mode)
+
+def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b'):
+    cmd = p4_build_cmd("-G %s" % (cmd))
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write("Opening pipe: %s\n" % cmd)
+
+    # Use a temporary file to avoid deadlocks without
+    # subprocess.communicate(), which would put another copy
+    # of stdout into memory.
+    stdin_file = None
+    if stdin is not None:
+        stdin_file = tempfile.TemporaryFile(prefix='p4-stdin', mode=stdin_mode)
+        stdin_file.write(stdin)
+        stdin_file.flush()
+        stdin_file.seek(0)
+
+    p4 = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True,
+                          stdin=stdin_file,
+                          stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+
+    result = []
+    try:
+        while True:
+            entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
+            result.append(entry)
+    except EOFError:
+        pass
+    exitCode = p4.wait()
+    if exitCode != 0:
+        entry = {}
+        entry["p4ExitCode"] = exitCode
+        result.append(entry)
+
+    return result
+
+def p4Cmd(cmd):
+    list = p4CmdList(cmd)
+    result = {}
+    for entry in list:
+        result.update(entry)
+    return result;
+
+def p4Where(depotPath):
+    if not depotPath.endswith("/"):
+        depotPath += "/"
+    depotPath = depotPath + "..."
+    outputList = p4CmdList("where %s" % depotPath)
+    output = None
+    for entry in outputList:
+        if "depotFile" in entry:
+            if entry["depotFile"] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+        elif "data" in entry:
+            data = entry.get("data")
+            space = data.find(" ")
+            if data[:space] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+    if output == None:
+        return ""
+    if output["code"] == "error":
+        return ""
+    clientPath = ""
+    if "path" in output:
+        clientPath = output.get("path")
+    elif "data" in output:
+        data = output.get("data")
+        lastSpace = data.rfind(" ")
+        clientPath = data[lastSpace + 1:]
+
+    if clientPath.endswith("..."):
+        clientPath = clientPath[:-3]
+    return clientPath
+
+def currentGitBranch():
+    return read_pipe("git name-rev HEAD").split(" ")[1].strip()
+
+def isValidGitDir(path):
+    if (os.path.exists(path + "/HEAD")
+        and os.path.exists(path + "/refs") and os.path.exists(path + "/objects")):
+        return True;
+    return False
+
+def parseRevision(ref):
+    return read_pipe("git rev-parse %s" % ref).strip()
+
+def extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit):
+    logMessage = ""
+
+    ## fixme: title is first line of commit, not 1st paragraph.
+    foundTitle = False
+    for log in read_pipe_lines("git cat-file commit %s" % commit):
+       if not foundTitle:
+           if len(log) == 1:
+               foundTitle = True
+           continue
+
+       logMessage += log
+    return logMessage
+
+def extractSettingsGitLog(log):
+    values = {}
+    for line in log.split("\n"):
+        line = line.strip()
+        m = re.search (r"^ *\[git-p4: (.*)\]$", line)
+        if not m:
+            continue
+
+        assignments = m.group(1).split (':')
+        for a in assignments:
+            vals = a.split ('=')
+            key = vals[0].strip()
+            val = ('='.join (vals[1:])).strip()
+            if val.endswith ('\"') and val.startswith('"'):
+                val = val[1:-1]
+
+            values[key] = val
+
+    paths = values.get("depot-paths")
+    if not paths:
+        paths = values.get("depot-path")
+    if paths:
+        values['depot-paths'] = paths.split(',')
+    return values
+
+def gitBranchExists(branch):
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(["git", "rev-parse", branch],
+                            stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE);
+    return proc.wait() == 0;
+
+_gitConfig = {}
+def gitConfig(key):
+    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe("git config %s" % key, ignore_error=True).strip()
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes = True):
+    branches = {}
+
+    cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
+    if branchesAreInRemotes:
+        cmdline += " --remotes"
+    else:
+        cmdline += " --branches"
+
+    for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
+        line = line.strip()
+
+        ## only import to p4/
+        if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
+            continue
+        branch = line
+
+        # strip off p4
+        branch = re.sub ("^p4/", "", line)
+
+        branches[branch] = parseRevision(line)
+    return branches
+
+def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
+    branches = p4BranchesInGit()
+    # map from depot-path to branch name
+    branchByDepotPath = {}
+    for branch in branches.keys():
+        tip = branches[branch]
+        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(tip)
+        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
+            branchByDepotPath[paths] = "remotes/p4/" + branch
+
+    settings = None
+    parent = 0
+    while parent < 65535:
+        commit = head + "~%s" % parent
+        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit)
+        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
+            if branchByDepotPath.has_key(paths):
+                return [branchByDepotPath[paths], settings]
+
+        parent = parent + 1
+
+    return ["", settings]
+
+def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent=True):
+    if not silent:
+        print ("Creating/updating branch(es) in %s based on origin branch(es)"
+               % localRefPrefix)
+
+    originPrefix = "origin/p4/"
+
+    for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes"):
+        line = line.strip()
+        if (not line.startswith(originPrefix)) or line.endswith("HEAD"):
+            continue
+
+        headName = line[len(originPrefix):]
+        remoteHead = localRefPrefix + headName
+        originHead = line
+
+        original = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(originHead))
+        if (not original.has_key('depot-paths')
+            or not original.has_key('change')):
+            continue
+
+        update = False
+        if not gitBranchExists(remoteHead):
+            if verbose:
+                print "creating %s" % remoteHead
+            update = True
+        else:
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(remoteHead))
+            if settings.has_key('change') > 0:
+                if settings['depot-paths'] == original['depot-paths']:
+                    originP4Change = int(original['change'])
+                    p4Change = int(settings['change'])
+                    if originP4Change > p4Change:
+                        print ("%s (%s) is newer than %s (%s). "
+                               "Updating p4 branch from origin."
+                               % (originHead, originP4Change,
+                                  remoteHead, p4Change))
+                        update = True
+                else:
+                    print ("Ignoring: %s was imported from %s while "
+                           "%s was imported from %s"
+                           % (originHead, ','.join(original['depot-paths']),
+                              remoteHead, ','.join(settings['depot-paths'])))
+
+        if update:
+            system("git update-ref %s %s" % (remoteHead, originHead))
+
+def originP4BranchesExist():
+        return gitBranchExists("origin") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4/master")
+
+def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange):
+    assert depotPaths
+    output = p4_read_pipe_lines("changes " + ' '.join (["%s...%s" % (p, changeRange)
+                                                        for p in depotPaths]))
+
+    changes = {}
+    for line in output:
+	changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
+	changes[changeNum] = True
+
+    changelist = changes.keys()
+    changelist.sort()
+    return changelist
+
+class Command:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
+        self.needsGit = True
+
+class P4Debug(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+            optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true",
+                                 default=False),
+            ]
+        self.description = "A tool to debug the output of p4 -G."
+        self.needsGit = False
+        self.verbose = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        j = 0
+        for output in p4CmdList(" ".join(args)):
+            print 'Element: %d' % j
+            j += 1
+            print output
+        return True
+
+class P4RollBack(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+            optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
+            optparse.make_option("--local", dest="rollbackLocalBranches", action="store_true")
+        ]
+        self.description = "A tool to debug the multi-branch import. Don't use :)"
+        self.verbose = False
+        self.rollbackLocalBranches = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) != 1:
+            return False
+        maxChange = int(args[0])
+
+        if "p4ExitCode" in p4Cmd("changes -m 1"):
+            die("Problems executing p4");
+
+        if self.rollbackLocalBranches:
+            refPrefix = "refs/heads/"
+            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --branches")
+        else:
+            refPrefix = "refs/remotes/"
+            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes")
+
+        for line in lines:
+            if self.rollbackLocalBranches or (line.startswith("p4/") and line != "p4/HEAD\n"):
+                line = line.strip()
+                ref = refPrefix + line
+                log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
+                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+                depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
+                change = settings['change']
+
+                changed = False
+
+                if len(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 "  + ' '.join (['%s...@%s' % (p, maxChange)
+                                                           for p in depotPaths]))) == 0:
+                    print "Branch %s did not exist at change %s, deleting." % (ref, maxChange)
+                    system("git update-ref -d %s `git rev-parse %s`" % (ref, ref))
+                    continue
+
+                while change and int(change) > maxChange:
+                    changed = True
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        print "%s is at %s ; rewinding towards %s" % (ref, change, maxChange)
+                    system("git update-ref %s \"%s^\"" % (ref, ref))
+                    log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
+                    settings =  extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+
+                    depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
+                    change = settings['change']
+
+                if changed:
+                    print "%s rewound to %s" % (ref, change)
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Submit(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+                optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--origin", dest="origin"),
+                optparse.make_option("-M", dest="detectRename", action="store_true"),
+        ]
+        self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
+        self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
+        self.interactive = True
+        self.origin = ""
+        self.detectRename = False
+        self.verbose = False
+        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
+
+    def check(self):
+        if len(p4CmdList("opened ...")) > 0:
+            die("You have files opened with perforce! Close them before starting the sync.")
+
+    # replaces everything between 'Description:' and the next P4 submit template field with the
+    # commit message
+    def prepareLogMessage(self, template, message):
+        result = ""
+
+        inDescriptionSection = False
+
+        for line in template.split("\n"):
+            if line.startswith("#"):
+                result += line + "\n"
+                continue
+
+            if inDescriptionSection:
+                if line.startswith("Files:"):
+                    inDescriptionSection = False
+                else:
+                    continue
+            else:
+                if line.startswith("Description:"):
+                    inDescriptionSection = True
+                    line += "\n"
+                    for messageLine in message.split("\n"):
+                        line += "\t" + messageLine + "\n"
+
+            result += line + "\n"
+
+        return result
+
+    def prepareSubmitTemplate(self):
+        # remove lines in the Files section that show changes to files outside the depot path we're committing into
+        template = ""
+        inFilesSection = False
+        for line in p4_read_pipe_lines("change -o"):
+            if line.endswith("\r\n"):
+                line = line[:-2] + "\n"
+            if inFilesSection:
+                if line.startswith("\t"):
+                    # path starts and ends with a tab
+                    path = line[1:]
+                    lastTab = path.rfind("\t")
+                    if lastTab != -1:
+                        path = path[:lastTab]
+                        if not path.startswith(self.depotPath):
+                            continue
+                else:
+                    inFilesSection = False
+            else:
+                if line.startswith("Files:"):
+                    inFilesSection = True
+
+            template += line
+
+        return template
+
+    def applyCommit(self, id):
+        print "Applying %s" % (read_pipe("git log --max-count=1 --pretty=oneline %s" % id))
+        diffOpts = ("", "-M")[self.detectRename]
+        diff = read_pipe_lines("git diff-tree -r %s \"%s^\" \"%s\"" % (diffOpts, id, id))
+        filesToAdd = set()
+        filesToDelete = set()
+        editedFiles = set()
+        filesToChangeExecBit = {}
+        for line in diff:
+            diff = parseDiffTreeEntry(line)
+            modifier = diff['status']
+            path = diff['src']
+            if modifier == "M":
+                p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % path)
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
+                editedFiles.add(path)
+            elif modifier == "A":
+                filesToAdd.add(path)
+                filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
+                if path in filesToDelete:
+                    filesToDelete.remove(path)
+            elif modifier == "D":
+                filesToDelete.add(path)
+                if path in filesToAdd:
+                    filesToAdd.remove(path)
+            elif modifier == "R":
+                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
+                p4_system("integrate -Dt \"%s\" \"%s\"" % (src, dest))
+                p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
+                os.unlink(dest)
+                editedFiles.add(dest)
+                filesToDelete.add(src)
+            else:
+                die("unknown modifier %s for %s" % (modifier, path))
+
+        diffcmd = "git format-patch -k --stdout \"%s^\"..\"%s\"" % (id, id)
+        patchcmd = diffcmd + " | git apply "
+        tryPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check -"
+        applyPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check --apply -"
+
+        if os.system(tryPatchCmd) != 0:
+            print "Unfortunately applying the change failed!"
+            print "What do you want to do?"
+            response = "x"
+            while response != "s" and response != "a" and response != "w":
+                response = raw_input("[s]kip this patch / [a]pply the patch forcibly "
+                                     "and with .rej files / [w]rite the patch to a file (patch.txt) ")
+            if response == "s":
+                print "Skipping! Good luck with the next patches..."
+                for f in editedFiles:
+                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
+                for f in filesToAdd:
+                    system("rm %s" %f)
+                return
+            elif response == "a":
+                os.system(applyPatchCmd)
+                if len(filesToAdd) > 0:
+                    print "You may also want to call p4 add on the following files:"
+                    print " ".join(filesToAdd)
+                if len(filesToDelete):
+                    print "The following files should be scheduled for deletion with p4 delete:"
+                    print " ".join(filesToDelete)
+                die("Please resolve and submit the conflict manually and "
+                    + "continue afterwards with git-p4 submit --continue")
+            elif response == "w":
+                system(diffcmd + " > patch.txt")
+                print "Patch saved to patch.txt in %s !" % self.clientPath
+                die("Please resolve and submit the conflict manually and "
+                    "continue afterwards with git-p4 submit --continue")
+
+        system(applyPatchCmd)
+
+        for f in filesToAdd:
+            p4_system("add \"%s\"" % f)
+        for f in filesToDelete:
+            p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f)
+            p4_system("delete \"%s\"" % f)
+
+        # Set/clear executable bits
+        for f in filesToChangeExecBit.keys():
+            mode = filesToChangeExecBit[f]
+            setP4ExecBit(f, mode)
+
+        logMessage = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(id)
+        logMessage = logMessage.strip()
+
+        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate()
+
+        if self.interactive:
+            submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage)
+            if os.environ.has_key("P4DIFF"):
+                del(os.environ["P4DIFF"])
+            diff = p4_read_pipe("diff -du ...")
+
+            newdiff = ""
+            for newFile in filesToAdd:
+                newdiff += "==== new file ====\n"
+                newdiff += "--- /dev/null\n"
+                newdiff += "+++ %s\n" % newFile
+                f = open(newFile, "r")
+                for line in f.readlines():
+                    newdiff += "+" + line
+                f.close()
+
+            separatorLine = "######## everything below this line is just the diff #######\n"
+
+            [handle, fileName] = tempfile.mkstemp()
+            tmpFile = os.fdopen(handle, "w+")
+            if self.isWindows:
+                submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+                separatorLine = separatorLine.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+                newdiff = newdiff.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+            tmpFile.write(submitTemplate + separatorLine + diff + newdiff)
+            tmpFile.close()
+            mtime = os.stat(fileName).st_mtime
+            defaultEditor = "vi"
+            if platform.system() == "Windows":
+                defaultEditor = "notepad"
+            if os.environ.has_key("P4EDITOR"):
+                editor = os.environ.get("P4EDITOR")
+            else:
+                editor = os.environ.get("EDITOR", defaultEditor);
+            system(editor + " " + fileName)
+
+            response = "y"
+            if os.stat(fileName).st_mtime <= mtime:
+                response = "x"
+                while response != "y" and response != "n":
+                    response = raw_input("Submit template unchanged. Submit anyway? [y]es, [n]o (skip this patch) ")
+
+            if response == "y":
+                tmpFile = open(fileName, "rb")
+                message = tmpFile.read()
+                tmpFile.close()
+                submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
+                if self.isWindows:
+                    submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+                p4_write_pipe("submit -i", submitTemplate)
+            else:
+                for f in editedFiles:
+                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
+                for f in filesToAdd:
+                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
+                    system("rm %s" %f)
+
+            os.remove(fileName)
+        else:
+            fileName = "submit.txt"
+            file = open(fileName, "w+")
+            file.write(self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage))
+            file.close()
+            print ("Perforce submit template written as %s. "
+                   + "Please review/edit and then use p4 submit -i < %s to submit directly!"
+                   % (fileName, fileName))
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) == 0:
+            self.master = currentGitBranch()
+            if len(self.master) == 0 or not gitBranchExists("refs/heads/%s" % self.master):
+                die("Detecting current git branch failed!")
+        elif len(args) == 1:
+            self.master = args[0]
+        else:
+            return False
+
+        allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
+        if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
+            die("%s is not in git-p4.allowSubmit" % self.master)
+
+        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
+        self.depotPath = settings['depot-paths'][0]
+        if len(self.origin) == 0:
+            self.origin = upstream
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "Origin branch is " + self.origin
+
+        if len(self.depotPath) == 0:
+            print "Internal error: cannot locate perforce depot path from existing branches"
+            sys.exit(128)
+
+        self.clientPath = p4Where(self.depotPath)
+
+        if len(self.clientPath) == 0:
+            print "Error: Cannot locate perforce checkout of %s in client view" % self.depotPath
+            sys.exit(128)
+
+        print "Perforce checkout for depot path %s located at %s" % (self.depotPath, self.clientPath)
+        self.oldWorkingDirectory = os.getcwd()
+
+        chdir(self.clientPath)
+        print "Syncronizing p4 checkout..."
+        p4_system("sync ...")
+
+        self.check()
+
+        commits = []
+        for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-list --no-merges %s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)):
+            commits.append(line.strip())
+        commits.reverse()
+
+        while len(commits) > 0:
+            commit = commits[0]
+            commits = commits[1:]
+            self.applyCommit(commit)
+            if not self.interactive:
+                break
+
+        if len(commits) == 0:
+            print "All changes applied!"
+            chdir(self.oldWorkingDirectory)
+
+            sync = P4Sync()
+            sync.run([])
+
+            rebase = P4Rebase()
+            rebase.rebase()
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Sync(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+                optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
+                optparse.make_option("--detect-branches", dest="detectBranches", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--changesfile", dest="changesFile"),
+                optparse.make_option("--silent", dest="silent", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--detect-labels", dest="detectLabels", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--import-local", dest="importIntoRemotes", action="store_false",
+                                     help="Import into refs/heads/ , not refs/remotes"),
+                optparse.make_option("--max-changes", dest="maxChanges"),
+                optparse.make_option("--keep-path", dest="keepRepoPath", action='store_true',
+                                     help="Keep entire BRANCH/DIR/SUBDIR prefix during import"),
+                optparse.make_option("--use-client-spec", dest="useClientSpec", action='store_true',
+                                     help="Only sync files that are included in the Perforce Client Spec")
+        ]
+        self.description = """Imports from Perforce into a git repository.\n
+    example:
+    //depot/my/project/ -- to import the current head
+    //depot/my/project/@all -- to import everything
+    //depot/my/project/@1,6 -- to import only from revision 1 to 6
+
+    (a ... is not needed in the path p4 specification, it's added implicitly)"""
+
+        self.usage += " //depot/path[@revRange]"
+        self.silent = False
+        self.createdBranches = Set()
+        self.committedChanges = Set()
+        self.branch = ""
+        self.detectBranches = False
+        self.detectLabels = False
+        self.changesFile = ""
+        self.syncWithOrigin = True
+        self.verbose = False
+        self.importIntoRemotes = True
+        self.maxChanges = ""
+        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
+        self.keepRepoPath = False
+        self.depotPaths = None
+        self.p4BranchesInGit = []
+        self.cloneExclude = []
+        self.useClientSpec = False
+        self.clientSpecDirs = []
+
+        if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
+            self.syncWithOrigin = False
+
+    def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit):
+        self.cloneExclude = [re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", path)
+                             for path in self.cloneExclude]
+        files = []
+        fnum = 0
+        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
+
+            if [p for p in self.cloneExclude
+                if path.startswith (p)]:
+                found = False
+            else:
+                found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
+                         if path.startswith (p)]
+            if not found:
+                fnum = fnum + 1
+                continue
+
+            file = {}
+            file["path"] = path
+            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
+            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
+            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
+            files.append(file)
+            fnum = fnum + 1
+        return files
+
+    def stripRepoPath(self, path, prefixes):
+        if self.keepRepoPath:
+            prefixes = [re.sub("^(//[^/]+/).*", r'\1', prefixes[0])]
+
+        for p in prefixes:
+            if path.startswith(p):
+                path = path[len(p):]
+
+        return path
+
+    def splitFilesIntoBranches(self, commit):
+        branches = {}
+        fnum = 0
+        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
+            found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
+                     if path.startswith (p)]
+            if not found:
+                fnum = fnum + 1
+                continue
+
+            file = {}
+            file["path"] = path
+            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
+            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
+            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
+            fnum = fnum + 1
+
+            relPath = self.stripRepoPath(path, self.depotPaths)
+
+            for branch in self.knownBranches.keys():
+
+                # add a trailing slash so that a commit into qt/4.2foo doesn't end up in qt/4.2
+                if relPath.startswith(branch + "/"):
+                    if branch not in branches:
+                        branches[branch] = []
+                    branches[branch].append(file)
+                    break
+
+        return branches
+
+    ## Should move this out, doesn't use SELF.
+    def readP4Files(self, files):
+        filesForCommit = []
+        filesToRead = []
+
+        for f in files:
+            includeFile = True
+            for val in self.clientSpecDirs:
+                if f['path'].startswith(val[0]):
+                    if val[1] <= 0:
+                        includeFile = False
+                    break
+
+            if includeFile:
+                filesForCommit.append(f)
+                if f['action'] not in ('delete', 'purge'):
+                    filesToRead.append(f)
+
+        filedata = []
+        if len(filesToRead) > 0:
+            filedata = p4CmdList('-x - print',
+                                 stdin='\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
+                                                  for f in filesToRead]),
+                                 stdin_mode='w+')
+
+            if "p4ExitCode" in filedata[0]:
+                die("Problems executing p4. Error: [%d]."
+                    % (filedata[0]['p4ExitCode']));
+
+        j = 0;
+        contents = {}
+        while j < len(filedata):
+            stat = filedata[j]
+            j += 1
+            text = ''
+            while j < len(filedata) and filedata[j]['code'] in ('text', 'unicode', 'binary'):
+                text += filedata[j]['data']
+                del filedata[j]['data']
+                j += 1
+
+            if not stat.has_key('depotFile'):
+                sys.stderr.write("p4 print fails with: %s\n" % repr(stat))
+                continue
+
+            if stat['type'] in ('text+ko', 'unicode+ko', 'binary+ko'):
+                text = re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$',r'$\1$', text)
+            elif stat['type'] in ('text+k', 'ktext', 'kxtext', 'unicode+k', 'binary+k'):
+                text = re.sub(r'\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$\n]*\$',r'$\1$', text)
+
+            contents[stat['depotFile']] = text
+
+        for f in filesForCommit:
+            path = f['path']
+            if contents.has_key(path):
+                f['data'] = contents[path]
+
+        return filesForCommit
+
+    def commit(self, details, files, branch, branchPrefixes, parent = ""):
+        epoch = details["time"]
+        author = details["user"]
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "commit into %s" % branch
+
+        # start with reading files; if that fails, we should not
+        # create a commit.
+        new_files = []
+        for f in files:
+            if [p for p in branchPrefixes if f['path'].startswith(p)]:
+                new_files.append (f)
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % path)
+        files = self.readP4Files(new_files)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
+#        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
+        self.committedChanges.add(int(details["change"]))
+        committer = ""
+        if author not in self.users:
+            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
+        if author in self.users:
+            committer = "%s %s %s" % (self.users[author], epoch, self.tz)
+        else:
+            committer = "%s <a@b> %s %s" % (author, epoch, self.tz)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("committer %s\n" % committer)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
+        self.gitStream.write(details["desc"])
+        self.gitStream.write("\n[git-p4: depot-paths = \"%s\": change = %s"
+                             % (','.join (branchPrefixes), details["change"]))
+        if len(details['options']) > 0:
+            self.gitStream.write(": options = %s" % details['options'])
+        self.gitStream.write("]\nEOT\n\n")
+
+        if len(parent) > 0:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "parent %s" % parent
+            self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % parent)
+
+        for file in files:
+            if file["type"] == "apple":
+                print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring!" % file['path']
+                continue
+
+            relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], branchPrefixes)
+            if file["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
+                self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
+            else:
+                data = file['data']
+
+                mode = "644"
+                if isP4Exec(file["type"]):
+                    mode = "755"
+                elif file["type"] == "symlink":
+                    mode = "120000"
+                    # p4 print on a symlink contains "target\n", so strip it off
+                    data = data[:-1]
+
+                if self.isWindows and file["type"].endswith("text"):
+                    data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+
+                self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (mode, relPath))
+                self.gitStream.write("data %s\n" % len(data))
+                self.gitStream.write(data)
+                self.gitStream.write("\n")
+
+        self.gitStream.write("\n")
+
+        change = int(details["change"])
+
+        if self.labels.has_key(change):
+            label = self.labels[change]
+            labelDetails = label[0]
+            labelRevisions = label[1]
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "Change %s is labelled %s" % (change, labelDetails)
+
+            files = p4CmdList("files " + ' '.join (["%s...@%s" % (p, change)
+                                                    for p in branchPrefixes]))
+
+            if len(files) == len(labelRevisions):
+
+                cleanedFiles = {}
+                for info in files:
+                    if info["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
+                        continue
+                    cleanedFiles[info["depotFile"]] = info["rev"]
+
+                if cleanedFiles == labelRevisions:
+                    self.gitStream.write("tag tag_%s\n" % labelDetails["label"])
+                    self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % branch)
+
+                    owner = labelDetails["Owner"]
+                    tagger = ""
+                    if author in self.users:
+                        tagger = "%s %s %s" % (self.users[owner], epoch, self.tz)
+                    else:
+                        tagger = "%s <a@b> %s %s" % (owner, epoch, self.tz)
+                    self.gitStream.write("tagger %s\n" % tagger)
+                    self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
+                    self.gitStream.write(labelDetails["Description"])
+                    self.gitStream.write("EOT\n\n")
+
+                else:
+                    if not self.silent:
+                        print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: files do not match."
+                               % (labelDetails["label"], change))
+
+            else:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: file count is different."
+                           % (labelDetails["label"], change))
+
+    def getUserCacheFilename(self):
+        home = os.environ.get("HOME", os.environ.get("USERPROFILE"))
+        return home + "/.gitp4-usercache.txt"
+
+    def getUserMapFromPerforceServer(self):
+        if self.userMapFromPerforceServer:
+            return
+        self.users = {}
+
+        for output in p4CmdList("users"):
+            if not output.has_key("User"):
+                continue
+            self.users[output["User"]] = output["FullName"] + " <" + output["Email"] + ">"
+
+
+        s = ''
+        for (key, val) in self.users.items():
+	    s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
+
+        open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "wb").write(s)
+        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = True
+
+    def loadUserMapFromCache(self):
+        self.users = {}
+        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
+        try:
+            cache = open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "rb")
+            lines = cache.readlines()
+            cache.close()
+            for line in lines:
+                entry = line.strip().split("\t")
+                self.users[entry[0]] = entry[1]
+        except IOError:
+            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
+
+    def getLabels(self):
+        self.labels = {}
+
+        l = p4CmdList("labels %s..." % ' '.join (self.depotPaths))
+        if len(l) > 0 and not self.silent:
+            print "Finding files belonging to labels in %s" % `self.depotPaths`
+
+        for output in l:
+            label = output["label"]
+            revisions = {}
+            newestChange = 0
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "Querying files for label %s" % label
+            for file in p4CmdList("files "
+                                  +  ' '.join (["%s...@%s" % (p, label)
+                                                for p in self.depotPaths])):
+                revisions[file["depotFile"]] = file["rev"]
+                change = int(file["change"])
+                if change > newestChange:
+                    newestChange = change
+
+            self.labels[newestChange] = [output, revisions]
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "Label changes: %s" % self.labels.keys()
+
+    def guessProjectName(self):
+        for p in self.depotPaths:
+            if p.endswith("/"):
+                p = p[:-1]
+            p = p[p.strip().rfind("/") + 1:]
+            if not p.endswith("/"):
+               p += "/"
+            return p
+
+    def getBranchMapping(self):
+        lostAndFoundBranches = set()
+
+        for info in p4CmdList("branches"):
+            details = p4Cmd("branch -o %s" % info["branch"])
+            viewIdx = 0
+            while details.has_key("View%s" % viewIdx):
+                paths = details["View%s" % viewIdx].split(" ")
+                viewIdx = viewIdx + 1
+                # require standard //depot/foo/... //depot/bar/... mapping
+                if len(paths) != 2 or not paths[0].endswith("/...") or not paths[1].endswith("/..."):
+                    continue
+                source = paths[0]
+                destination = paths[1]
+                ## HACK
+                if source.startswith(self.depotPaths[0]) and destination.startswith(self.depotPaths[0]):
+                    source = source[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
+                    destination = destination[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
+
+                    if destination in self.knownBranches:
+                        if not self.silent:
+                            print "p4 branch %s defines a mapping from %s to %s" % (info["branch"], source, destination)
+                            print "but there exists another mapping from %s to %s already!" % (self.knownBranches[destination], destination)
+                        continue
+
+                    self.knownBranches[destination] = source
+
+                    lostAndFoundBranches.discard(destination)
+
+                    if source not in self.knownBranches:
+                        lostAndFoundBranches.add(source)
+
+
+        for branch in lostAndFoundBranches:
+            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
+
+    def getBranchMappingFromGitBranches(self):
+        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
+        for branch in branches.keys():
+            if branch == "master":
+                branch = "main"
+            else:
+                branch = branch[len(self.projectName):]
+            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
+
+    def listExistingP4GitBranches(self):
+        # branches holds mapping from name to commit
+        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
+        self.p4BranchesInGit = branches.keys()
+        for branch in branches.keys():
+            self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = branches[branch]
+
+    def updateOptionDict(self, d):
+        option_keys = {}
+        if self.keepRepoPath:
+            option_keys['keepRepoPath'] = 1
+
+        d["options"] = ' '.join(sorted(option_keys.keys()))
+
+    def readOptions(self, d):
+        self.keepRepoPath = (d.has_key('options')
+                             and ('keepRepoPath' in d['options']))
+
+    def gitRefForBranch(self, branch):
+        if branch == "main":
+            return self.refPrefix + "master"
+
+        if len(branch) <= 0:
+            return branch
+
+        return self.refPrefix + self.projectName + branch
+
+    def gitCommitByP4Change(self, ref, change):
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "looking in ref " + ref + " for change %s using bisect..." % change
+
+        earliestCommit = ""
+        latestCommit = parseRevision(ref)
+
+        while True:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "trying: earliest %s latest %s" % (earliestCommit, latestCommit)
+            next = read_pipe("git rev-list --bisect %s %s" % (latestCommit, earliestCommit)).strip()
+            if len(next) == 0:
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "argh"
+                return ""
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(next)
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+            currentChange = int(settings['change'])
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "current change %s" % currentChange
+
+            if currentChange == change:
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "found %s" % next
+                return next
+
+            if currentChange < change:
+                earliestCommit = "^%s" % next
+            else:
+                latestCommit = "%s" % next
+
+        return ""
+
+    def importNewBranch(self, branch, maxChange):
+        # make fast-import flush all changes to disk and update the refs using the checkpoint
+        # command so that we can try to find the branch parent in the git history
+        self.gitStream.write("checkpoint\n\n");
+        self.gitStream.flush();
+        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
+        range = "@1,%s" % maxChange
+        #print "prefix" + branchPrefix
+        changes = p4ChangesForPaths([branchPrefix], range)
+        if len(changes) <= 0:
+            return False
+        firstChange = changes[0]
+        #print "first change in branch: %s" % firstChange
+        sourceBranch = self.knownBranches[branch]
+        sourceDepotPath = self.depotPaths[0] + sourceBranch
+        sourceRef = self.gitRefForBranch(sourceBranch)
+        #print "source " + sourceBranch
+
+        branchParentChange = int(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 %s...@1,%s" % (sourceDepotPath, firstChange))["change"])
+        #print "branch parent: %s" % branchParentChange
+        gitParent = self.gitCommitByP4Change(sourceRef, branchParentChange)
+        if len(gitParent) > 0:
+            self.initialParents[self.gitRefForBranch(branch)] = gitParent
+            #print "parent git commit: %s" % gitParent
+
+        self.importChanges(changes)
+        return True
+
+    def importChanges(self, changes):
+        cnt = 1
+        for change in changes:
+            description = p4Cmd("describe %s" % change)
+            self.updateOptionDict(description)
+
+            if not self.silent:
+                sys.stdout.write("\rImporting revision %s (%s%%)" % (change, cnt * 100 / len(changes)))
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+            cnt = cnt + 1
+
+            try:
+                if self.detectBranches:
+                    branches = self.splitFilesIntoBranches(description)
+                    for branch in branches.keys():
+                        ## HACK  --hwn
+                        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
+
+                        parent = ""
+
+                        filesForCommit = branches[branch]
+
+                        if self.verbose:
+                            print "branch is %s" % branch
+
+                        self.updatedBranches.add(branch)
+
+                        if branch not in self.createdBranches:
+                            self.createdBranches.add(branch)
+                            parent = self.knownBranches[branch]
+                            if parent == branch:
+                                parent = ""
+                            else:
+                                fullBranch = self.projectName + branch
+                                if fullBranch not in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                                    if not self.silent:
+                                        print("\n    Importing new branch %s" % fullBranch);
+                                    if self.importNewBranch(branch, change - 1):
+                                        parent = ""
+                                        self.p4BranchesInGit.append(fullBranch)
+                                    if not self.silent:
+                                        print("\n    Resuming with change %s" % change);
+
+                                if self.verbose:
+                                    print "parent determined through known branches: %s" % parent
+
+                        branch = self.gitRefForBranch(branch)
+                        parent = self.gitRefForBranch(parent)
+
+                        if self.verbose:
+                            print "looking for initial parent for %s; current parent is %s" % (branch, parent)
+
+                        if len(parent) == 0 and branch in self.initialParents:
+                            parent = self.initialParents[branch]
+                            del self.initialParents[branch]
+
+                        self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, [branchPrefix], parent)
+                else:
+                    files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description)
+                    self.commit(description, files, self.branch, self.depotPaths,
+                                self.initialParent)
+                    self.initialParent = ""
+            except IOError:
+                print self.gitError.read()
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+    def importHeadRevision(self, revision):
+        print "Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch)
+
+        details = { "user" : "git perforce import user", "time" : int(time.time()) }
+        details["desc"] = ("Initial import of %s from the state at revision %s"
+                           % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision))
+        details["change"] = revision
+        newestRevision = 0
+
+        fileCnt = 0
+        for info in p4CmdList("files "
+                              +  ' '.join(["%s...%s"
+                                           % (p, revision)
+                                           for p in self.depotPaths])):
+
+            if info['code'] == 'error':
+                sys.stderr.write("p4 returned an error: %s\n"
+                                 % info['data'])
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+
+            change = int(info["change"])
+            if change > newestRevision:
+                newestRevision = change
+
+            if info["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
+                # don't increase the file cnt, otherwise details["depotFile123"] will have gaps!
+                #fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
+                continue
+
+            for prop in ["depotFile", "rev", "action", "type" ]:
+                details["%s%s" % (prop, fileCnt)] = info[prop]
+
+            fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
+
+        details["change"] = newestRevision
+        self.updateOptionDict(details)
+        try:
+            self.commit(details, self.extractFilesFromCommit(details), self.branch, self.depotPaths)
+        except IOError:
+            print "IO error with git fast-import. Is your git version recent enough?"
+            print self.gitError.read()
+
+
+    def getClientSpec(self):
+        specList = p4CmdList( "client -o" )
+        temp = {}
+        for entry in specList:
+            for k,v in entry.iteritems():
+                if k.startswith("View"):
+                    if v.startswith('"'):
+                        start = 1
+                    else:
+                        start = 0
+                    index = v.find("...")
+                    v = v[start:index]
+                    if v.startswith("-"):
+                        v = v[1:]
+                        temp[v] = -len(v)
+                    else:
+                        temp[v] = len(v)
+        self.clientSpecDirs = temp.items()
+        self.clientSpecDirs.sort( lambda x, y: abs( y[1] ) - abs( x[1] ) )
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        self.depotPaths = []
+        self.changeRange = ""
+        self.initialParent = ""
+        self.previousDepotPaths = []
+
+        # map from branch depot path to parent branch
+        self.knownBranches = {}
+        self.initialParents = {}
+        self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
+        if not self.syncWithOrigin:
+            self.hasOrigin = False
+
+        if self.importIntoRemotes:
+            self.refPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/"
+        else:
+            self.refPrefix = "refs/heads/p4/"
+
+        if self.syncWithOrigin and self.hasOrigin:
+            if not self.silent:
+                print "Syncing with origin first by calling git fetch origin"
+            system("git fetch origin")
+
+        if len(self.branch) == 0:
+            self.branch = self.refPrefix + "master"
+            if gitBranchExists("refs/heads/p4") and self.importIntoRemotes:
+                system("git update-ref %s refs/heads/p4" % self.branch)
+                system("git branch -D p4");
+            # create it /after/ importing, when master exists
+            if not gitBranchExists(self.refPrefix + "HEAD") and self.importIntoRemotes and gitBranchExists(self.branch):
+                system("git symbolic-ref %sHEAD %s" % (self.refPrefix, self.branch))
+
+        if self.useClientSpec or gitConfig("git-p4.useclientspec") == "true":
+            self.getClientSpec()
+
+        # TODO: should always look at previous commits,
+        # merge with previous imports, if possible.
+        if args == []:
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(self.refPrefix, self.silent)
+            self.listExistingP4GitBranches()
+
+            if len(self.p4BranchesInGit) > 1:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print "Importing from/into multiple branches"
+                self.detectBranches = True
+
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
+
+            p4Change = 0
+            for branch in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                logMsg =  extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(self.refPrefix + branch)
+
+                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(logMsg)
+
+                self.readOptions(settings)
+                if (settings.has_key('depot-paths')
+                    and settings.has_key ('change')):
+                    change = int(settings['change']) + 1
+                    p4Change = max(p4Change, change)
+
+                    depotPaths = sorted(settings['depot-paths'])
+                    if self.previousDepotPaths == []:
+                        self.previousDepotPaths = depotPaths
+                    else:
+                        paths = []
+                        for (prev, cur) in zip(self.previousDepotPaths, depotPaths):
+                            for i in range(0, min(len(cur), len(prev))):
+                                if cur[i] <> prev[i]:
+                                    i = i - 1
+                                    break
+
+                            paths.append (cur[:i + 1])
+
+                        self.previousDepotPaths = paths
+
+            if p4Change > 0:
+                self.depotPaths = sorted(self.previousDepotPaths)
+                self.changeRange = "@%s,#head" % p4Change
+                if not self.detectBranches:
+                    self.initialParent = parseRevision(self.branch)
+                if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
+                    print "Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch
+
+        if not self.branch.startswith("refs/"):
+            self.branch = "refs/heads/" + self.branch
+
+        if len(args) == 0 and self.depotPaths:
+            if not self.silent:
+                print "Depot paths: %s" % ' '.join(self.depotPaths)
+        else:
+            if self.depotPaths and self.depotPaths != args:
+                print ("previous import used depot path %s and now %s was specified. "
+                       "This doesn't work!" % (' '.join (self.depotPaths),
+                                               ' '.join (args)))
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+            self.depotPaths = sorted(args)
+
+        revision = ""
+        self.users = {}
+
+        newPaths = []
+        for p in self.depotPaths:
+            if p.find("@") != -1:
+                atIdx = p.index("@")
+                self.changeRange = p[atIdx:]
+                if self.changeRange == "@all":
+                    self.changeRange = ""
+                elif ',' not in self.changeRange:
+                    revision = self.changeRange
+                    self.changeRange = ""
+                p = p[:atIdx]
+            elif p.find("#") != -1:
+                hashIdx = p.index("#")
+                revision = p[hashIdx:]
+                p = p[:hashIdx]
+            elif self.previousDepotPaths == []:
+                revision = "#head"
+
+            p = re.sub ("\.\.\.$", "", p)
+            if not p.endswith("/"):
+                p += "/"
+
+            newPaths.append(p)
+
+        self.depotPaths = newPaths
+
+
+        self.loadUserMapFromCache()
+        self.labels = {}
+        if self.detectLabels:
+            self.getLabels();
+
+        if self.detectBranches:
+            ## FIXME - what's a P4 projectName ?
+            self.projectName = self.guessProjectName()
+
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                self.getBranchMappingFromGitBranches()
+            else:
+                self.getBranchMapping()
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "p4-git branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
+                print "initial parents: %s" % self.initialParents
+            for b in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                if b != "master":
+
+                    ## FIXME
+                    b = b[len(self.projectName):]
+                self.createdBranches.add(b)
+
+        self.tz = "%+03d%02d" % (- time.timezone / 3600, ((- time.timezone % 3600) / 60))
+
+        importProcess = subprocess.Popen(["git", "fast-import"],
+                                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE);
+        self.gitOutput = importProcess.stdout
+        self.gitStream = importProcess.stdin
+        self.gitError = importProcess.stderr
+
+        if revision:
+            self.importHeadRevision(revision)
+        else:
+            changes = []
+
+            if len(self.changesFile) > 0:
+                output = open(self.changesFile).readlines()
+                changeSet = Set()
+                for line in output:
+                    changeSet.add(int(line))
+
+                for change in changeSet:
+                    changes.append(change)
+
+                changes.sort()
+            else:
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
+                                                              self.changeRange)
+                changes = p4ChangesForPaths(self.depotPaths, self.changeRange)
+
+                if len(self.maxChanges) > 0:
+                    changes = changes[:min(int(self.maxChanges), len(changes))]
+
+            if len(changes) == 0:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print "No changes to import!"
+                return True
+
+            if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
+                print "Import destination: %s" % self.branch
+
+            self.updatedBranches = set()
+
+            self.importChanges(changes)
+
+            if not self.silent:
+                print ""
+                if len(self.updatedBranches) > 0:
+                    sys.stdout.write("Updated branches: ")
+                    for b in self.updatedBranches:
+                        sys.stdout.write("%s " % b)
+                    sys.stdout.write("\n")
+
+        self.gitStream.close()
+        if importProcess.wait() != 0:
+            die("fast-import failed: %s" % self.gitError.read())
+        self.gitOutput.close()
+        self.gitError.close()
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Rebase(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [ ]
+        self.description = ("Fetches the latest revision from perforce and "
+                            + "rebases the current work (branch) against it")
+        self.verbose = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        sync = P4Sync()
+        sync.run([])
+
+        return self.rebase()
+
+    def rebase(self):
+        if os.system("git update-index --refresh") != 0:
+            die("Some files in your working directory are modified and different than what is in your index. You can use git update-index <filename> to bring the index up-to-date or stash away all your changes with git stash.");
+        if len(read_pipe("git diff-index HEAD --")) > 0:
+            die("You have uncommited changes. Please commit them before rebasing or stash them away with git stash.");
+
+        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
+        if len(upstream) == 0:
+            die("Cannot find upstream branchpoint for rebase")
+
+        # the branchpoint may be p4/foo~3, so strip off the parent
+        upstream = re.sub("~[0-9]+$", "", upstream)
+
+        print "Rebasing the current branch onto %s" % upstream
+        oldHead = read_pipe("git rev-parse HEAD").strip()
+        system("git rebase %s" % upstream)
+        system("git diff-tree --stat --summary -M %s HEAD" % oldHead)
+        return True
+
+class P4Clone(P4Sync):
+    def __init__(self):
+        P4Sync.__init__(self)
+        self.description = "Creates a new git repository and imports from Perforce into it"
+        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options] //depot/path[@revRange]"
+        self.options += [
+            optparse.make_option("--destination", dest="cloneDestination",
+                                 action='store', default=None,
+                                 help="where to leave result of the clone"),
+            optparse.make_option("-/", dest="cloneExclude",
+                                 action="append", type="string",
+                                 help="exclude depot path")
+        ]
+        self.cloneDestination = None
+        self.needsGit = False
+
+    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
+    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
+        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return getattr(self, attr)
+
+    def defaultDestination(self, args):
+        ## TODO: use common prefix of args?
+        depotPath = args[0]
+        depotDir = re.sub("(@[^@]*)$", "", depotPath)
+        depotDir = re.sub("(#[^#]*)$", "", depotDir)
+        depotDir = re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", depotDir)
+        depotDir = re.sub(r"/$", "", depotDir)
+        return os.path.split(depotDir)[1]
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) < 1:
+            return False
+
+        if self.keepRepoPath and not self.cloneDestination:
+            sys.stderr.write("Must specify destination for --keep-path\n")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        depotPaths = args
+
+        if not self.cloneDestination and len(depotPaths) > 1:
+            self.cloneDestination = depotPaths[-1]
+            depotPaths = depotPaths[:-1]
+
+        self.cloneExclude = ["/"+p for p in self.cloneExclude]
+        for p in depotPaths:
+            if not p.startswith("//"):
+                return False
+
+        if not self.cloneDestination:
+            self.cloneDestination = self.defaultDestination(args)
+
+        print "Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination)
+        if not os.path.exists(self.cloneDestination):
+            os.makedirs(self.cloneDestination)
+        chdir(self.cloneDestination)
+        system("git init")
+        self.gitdir = os.getcwd() + "/.git"
+        if not P4Sync.run(self, depotPaths):
+            return False
+        if self.branch != "master":
+            if self.importIntoRemotes:
+                masterbranch = "refs/remotes/p4/master"
+            else:
+                masterbranch = "refs/heads/p4/master"
+            if gitBranchExists(masterbranch):
+                system("git branch master %s" % masterbranch)
+                system("git checkout -f")
+            else:
+                print "Could not detect main branch. No checkout/master branch created."
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Branches(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [ ]
+        self.description = ("Shows the git branches that hold imports and their "
+                            + "corresponding perforce depot paths")
+        self.verbose = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if originP4BranchesExist():
+            createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin()
+
+        cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
+        cmdline += " --remotes"
+
+        for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
+            line = line.strip()
+
+            if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
+                continue
+            branch = line
+
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("refs/remotes/%s" % branch)
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+            print "%s <= %s (%s)" % (branch, ",".join(settings["depot-paths"]), settings["change"])
+        return True
+
+class HelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
+    def __init__(self):
+        optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter.__init__(self)
+
+    def format_description(self, description):
+        if description:
+            return description + "\n"
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+def printUsage(commands):
+    print "usage: %s <command> [options]" % sys.argv[0]
+    print ""
+    print "valid commands: %s" % ", ".join(commands)
+    print ""
+    print "Try %s <command> --help for command specific help." % sys.argv[0]
+    print ""
+
+commands = {
+    "debug" : P4Debug,
+    "submit" : P4Submit,
+    "commit" : P4Submit,
+    "sync" : P4Sync,
+    "rebase" : P4Rebase,
+    "clone" : P4Clone,
+    "rollback" : P4RollBack,
+    "branches" : P4Branches
+}
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
+        printUsage(commands.keys())
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    cmd = ""
+    cmdName = sys.argv[1]
+    try:
+        klass = commands[cmdName]
+        cmd = klass()
+    except KeyError:
+        print "unknown command %s" % cmdName
+        print ""
+        printUsage(commands.keys())
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    options = cmd.options
+    cmd.gitdir = os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", None)
+
+    args = sys.argv[2:]
+
+    if len(options) > 0:
+        options.append(optparse.make_option("--git-dir", dest="gitdir"))
+
+        parser = optparse.OptionParser(cmd.usage.replace("%prog", "%prog " + cmdName),
+                                       options,
+                                       description = cmd.description,
+                                       formatter = HelpFormatter())
+
+        (cmd, args) = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[2:], cmd);
+    global verbose
+    verbose = cmd.verbose
+    if cmd.needsGit:
+        if cmd.gitdir == None:
+            cmd.gitdir = os.path.abspath(".git")
+            if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
+                cmd.gitdir = read_pipe("git rev-parse --git-dir").strip()
+                if os.path.exists(cmd.gitdir):
+                    cdup = read_pipe("git rev-parse --show-cdup").strip()
+                    if len(cdup) > 0:
+                        chdir(cdup);
+
+        if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
+            if isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir + "/.git"):
+                cmd.gitdir += "/.git"
+            else:
+                die("fatal: cannot locate git repository at %s" % cmd.gitdir)
+
+        os.environ["GIT_DIR"] = cmd.gitdir
+
+    if not cmd.run(args):
+        parser.print_help()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f97e884f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+@python "%~d0%~p0git-p4" %*
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49b335921a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+git-p4 - Perforce <-> Git converter using git-fast-import
+
+Usage
+=====
+
+git-p4 can be used in two different ways:
+
+1) To import changes from Perforce to a Git repository, using "git-p4 sync".
+
+2) To submit changes from Git back to Perforce, using "git-p4 submit".
+
+Importing
+=========
+
+Simply start with
+
+  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
+
+or
+
+  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project myproject
+
+This will:
+
+1) Create an empty git repository in a subdirectory called "project" (or
+"myproject" with the second command)
+
+2) Import the head revision from the given Perforce path into a git branch
+called "p4" (remotes/p4 actually)
+
+3) Create a master branch based on it and check it out.
+
+If you want the entire history (not just the head revision) then you can simply
+append a "@all" to the depot path:
+
+  git-p4 clone //depot/project/main@all myproject
+
+
+
+If you want more control you can also use the git-p4 sync command directly:
+
+  mkdir repo-git
+  cd repo-git
+  git init
+  git-p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
+
+This will import the current head revision of the specified depot path into a
+"remotes/p4/master" branch of your git repository. You can use the
+--branch=mybranch option to import into a different branch.
+
+If you want to import the entire history of a given depot path simply use:
+
+  git-p4 sync //path/in/depot@all
+
+
+Note:
+
+To achieve optimal compression you may want to run 'git repack -a -d -f' after
+a big import. This may take a while.
+
+Incremental Imports
+===================
+
+After an initial import you can continue to synchronize your git repository
+with newer changes from the Perforce depot by just calling
+
+  git-p4 sync
+
+in your git repository. By default the "remotes/p4/master" branch is updated.
+
+Advanced Setup
+==============
+
+Suppose you have a periodically updated git repository somewhere, containing a
+complete import of a Perforce project. This repository can be cloned and used
+with git-p4. When updating the cloned repository with the "sync" command,
+git-p4 will try to fetch changes from the original repository first. The git
+protocol used with this is usually faster than importing from Perforce
+directly.
+
+This behaviour can be disabled by setting the "git-p4.syncFromOrigin" git
+configuration variable to "false".
+
+Updating
+========
+
+A common working pattern is to fetch the latest changes from the Perforce depot
+and merge them with local uncommitted changes. The recommended way is to use
+git's rebase mechanism to preserve linear history. git-p4 provides a convenient
+
+  git-p4 rebase
+
+command that calls git-p4 sync followed by git rebase to rebase the current
+working branch.
+
+Submitting
+==========
+
+git-p4 has support for submitting changes from a git repository back to the
+Perforce depot. This requires a Perforce checkout separate from your git
+repository. To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
+the "p4" branch (or "origin" if "p4" doesn't exist) simply call
+
+    git-p4 submit
+
+in your git repository. If you want to submit changes in a specific branch that
+is not your current git branch you can also pass that as an argument:
+
+    git-p4 submit mytopicbranch
+
+You can override the reference branch with the --origin=mysourcebranch option.
+
+If a submit fails you may have to "p4 resolve" and submit manually. You can
+continue importing the remaining changes with
+
+  git-p4 submit --continue
+
+Example
+=======
+
+# Clone a repository
+  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
+# Enter the newly cloned directory
+  cd project
+# Do some work...
+  vi foo.h
+# ... and commit locally to gi
+  git commit foo.h
+# In the meantime somebody submitted changes to the Perforce depot. Rebase your latest
+# changes against the latest changes in Perforce:
+  git-p4 rebase
+# Submit your locally committed changes back to Perforce
+  git-p4 submit
+# ... and synchronize with Perforce
+  git-p4 rebase
+
+
+Configuration parameters
+========================
+
+git-p4.user ($P4USER)
+
+Allows you to specify the username to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.user public
+
+git-p4.password ($P4PASS)
+
+Allows you to specify the password to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
+Warning this password will be visible on the command-line invocation of the p4 binary.
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.password public1234
+
+git-p4.port ($P4PORT)
+
+Specify the port to be used to contact the Perforce server. As this will be passed
+directly to the p4 binary, it may be in the format host:port as well.
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.port codes.zimbra.com:2666
+
+git-p4.host ($P4HOST)
+
+Specify the host to contact for a Perforce repository.
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.host perforce.example.com
+
+git-p4.client ($P4CLIENT)
+
+Specify the client name to use
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.client public-view
+
+git-p4.allowSubmit
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.allowSubmit false
+
+git-p4.syncFromOrigin
+
+A useful setup may be that you have a periodically updated git repository
+somewhere that contains a complete import of a Perforce project. That git
+repository can be used to clone the working repository from and one would
+import from Perforce directly after cloning using git-p4. If the connection to
+the Perforce server is slow and the working repository hasn't been synced for a
+while it may be desirable to fetch changes from the origin git repository using
+the efficient git protocol. git-p4 supports this setup by calling "git fetch origin"
+by default if there is an origin branch. You can disable this using:
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.syncFromOrigin false
+
+git-p4.useclientspec
+
+  git config [--global] git-p4.useclientspec false
+
+Implementation Details...
+=========================
+
+* Changesets from Perforce are imported using git fast-import.
+* The import does not require anything from the Perforce client view as it just uses
+  "p4 print //depot/path/file#revision" to get the actual file contents.
+* Every imported changeset has a special [git-p4...] line at the
+  end of the log message that gives information about the corresponding
+  Perforce change number and is also used by git-p4 itself to find out
+  where to continue importing when doing incremental imports.
+  Basically when syncing it extracts the perforce change number of the
+  latest commit in the "p4" branch and uses "p4 changes //depot/path/...@changenum,#head"
+  to find out which changes need to be imported.
+* git-p4 submit uses "git rev-list" to pick the commits between the "p4" branch
+  and the current branch.
+  The commits themselves are applied using git diff/format-patch ... | git apply
+
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
index 5585a8b2c5..78e40d2a13 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
@@ -14,13 +14,18 @@ die "usage: import-tars *.tar.{gz,bz2,Z}\n" unless @ARGV;
 
 my $branch_name = 'import-tars';
 my $branch_ref = "refs/heads/$branch_name";
-my $committer_name = 'T Ar Creator';
-my $committer_email = 'tar@example.com';
+my $author_name = $ENV{'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'} || 'T Ar Creator';
+my $author_email = $ENV{'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'} || 'tar@example.com';
+my $committer_name = $ENV{'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'} || `git config --get user.name`;
+my $committer_email = $ENV{'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'} || `git config --get user.email`;
+
+chomp($committer_name, $committer_email);
 
 open(FI, '|-', 'git', 'fast-import', '--quiet')
 	or die "Unable to start git fast-import: $!\n";
 foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 {
+	my $commit_time = time;
 	$tar_file =~ m,([^/]+)$,;
 	my $tar_name = $1;
 
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 		die "Unrecognized compression format: $tar_file\n";
 	}
 
-	my $commit_time = 0;
+	my $author_time = 0;
 	my $next_mark = 1;
 	my $have_top_dir = 1;
 	my ($top_dir, %files);
@@ -51,23 +56,54 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 			$prefix) = unpack 'Z100 Z8 Z8 Z8 Z12 Z12
 			Z8 Z1 Z100 Z6
 			Z2 Z32 Z32 Z8 Z8 Z*', $_;
-		last unless $name;
+		last unless length($name);
+		if ($name eq '././@LongLink') {
+			# GNU tar extension
+			if (read(I, $_, 512) != 512) {
+				die ('Short archive');
+			}
+			$name = unpack 'Z257', $_;
+			next unless $name;
+
+			my $dummy;
+			if (read(I, $_, 512) != 512) {
+				die ('Short archive');
+			}
+			($dummy, $mode, $uid, $gid, $size, $mtime,
+			$chksum, $typeflag, $linkname, $magic,
+			$version, $uname, $gname, $devmajor, $devminor,
+			$prefix) = unpack 'Z100 Z8 Z8 Z8 Z12 Z12
+			Z8 Z1 Z100 Z6
+			Z2 Z32 Z32 Z8 Z8 Z*', $_;
+		}
+		next if $name =~ m{/\z};
 		$mode = oct $mode;
 		$size = oct $size;
 		$mtime = oct $mtime;
-		next if $mode & 0040000;
-
-		print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n", "data $size\n";
-		while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
-			print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
-			$size -= 512;
+		next if $typeflag == 5; # directory
+
+		print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n";
+		if ($typeflag == 2) { # symbolic link
+			print FI "data ", length($linkname), "\n", $linkname;
+			$mode = 0120000;
+		} else {
+			print FI "data $size\n";
+			while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
+				print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
+				$size -= 512;
+			}
 		}
 		print FI "\n";
 
-		my $path = "$prefix$name";
+		my $path;
+		if ($prefix) {
+			$path = "$prefix/$name";
+		} else {
+			$path = "$name";
+		}
 		$files{$path} = [$next_mark++, $mode];
 
-		$commit_time = $mtime if $mtime > $commit_time;
+		$author_time = $mtime if $mtime > $author_time;
 		$path =~ m,^([^/]+)/,;
 		$top_dir = $1 unless $top_dir;
 		$have_top_dir = 0 if $top_dir ne $1;
@@ -75,6 +111,7 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 
 	print FI <<EOF;
 commit $branch_ref
+author $author_name <$author_email> $author_time +0000
 committer $committer_name <$committer_email> $commit_time +0000
 data <<END_OF_COMMIT_MESSAGE
 Imported from $tar_file.
@@ -87,14 +124,15 @@ EOF
 	{
 		my ($mark, $mode) = @{$files{$path}};
 		$path =~ s,^([^/]+)/,, if $have_top_dir;
-		printf FI "M %o :%i %s\n", $mode & 0111 ? 0755 : 0644, $mark, $path;
+		$mode = $mode & 0111 ? 0755 : 0644 unless $mode == 0120000;
+		printf FI "M %o :%i %s\n", $mode, $mark, $path;
 	}
 	print FI "\n";
 
 	print FI <<EOF;
 tag $tar_name
 from $branch_ref
-tagger $committer_name <$committer_email> $commit_time +0000
+tagger $author_name <$author_email> $author_time +0000
 data <<END_OF_TAG_MESSAGE
 Package $tar_name
 END_OF_TAG_MESSAGE
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7051a83a59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+## zip archive frontend for git-fast-import
+##
+## For example:
+##
+##  mkdir project; cd project; git init
+##  python import-zips.py *.zip
+##  git log --stat import-zips
+
+from os import popen, path
+from sys import argv, exit
+from time import mktime
+from zipfile import ZipFile
+
+if len(argv) < 2:
+	print 'Usage:', argv[0], '<zipfile>...'
+	exit(1)
+
+branch_ref = 'refs/heads/import-zips'
+committer_name = 'Z Ip Creator'
+committer_email = 'zip@example.com'
+
+fast_import = popen('git fast-import --quiet', 'w')
+def printlines(list):
+	for str in list:
+		fast_import.write(str + "\n")
+
+for zipfile in argv[1:]:
+	commit_time = 0
+	next_mark = 1
+	common_prefix = None
+	mark = dict()
+
+	zip = ZipFile(zipfile, 'r')
+	for name in zip.namelist():
+		if name.endswith('/'):
+			continue
+		info = zip.getinfo(name)
+
+		if commit_time < info.date_time:
+			commit_time = info.date_time
+		if common_prefix == None:
+			common_prefix = name[:name.rfind('/') + 1]
+		else:
+			while not name.startswith(common_prefix):
+				last_slash = common_prefix[:-1].rfind('/') + 1
+				common_prefix = common_prefix[:last_slash]
+
+		mark[name] = ':' + str(next_mark)
+		next_mark += 1
+
+		printlines(('blob', 'mark ' + mark[name], \
+					'data ' + str(info.file_size)))
+		fast_import.write(zip.read(name) + "\n")
+
+	committer = committer_name + ' <' + committer_email + '> %d +0000' % \
+		mktime(commit_time + (0, 0, 0))
+
+	printlines(('commit ' + branch_ref, 'committer ' + committer, \
+		'data <<EOM', 'Imported from ' + zipfile + '.', 'EOM', \
+		'', 'deleteall'))
+
+	for name in mark.keys():
+		fast_import.write('M 100644 ' + mark[name] + ' ' +
+			name[len(common_prefix):] + "\n")
+
+	printlines(('',  'tag ' + path.basename(zipfile), \
+		'from ' + branch_ref, 'tagger ' + committer, \
+		'data <<EOM', 'Package ' + zipfile, 'EOM', ''))
+
+if fast_import.close():
+	exit(1)
diff --git a/contrib/git-resurrect.sh b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c364dda696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+USAGE="[-a] [-r] [-m] [-t] [-n] [-b <newname>] <name>"
+LONG_USAGE="git-resurrect attempts to find traces of a branch tip
+called <name>, and tries to resurrect it.  Currently, the reflog is
+searched for checkout messages, and with -r also merge messages.  With
+-m and -t, the history of all refs is scanned for Merge <name> into
+other/Merge <other> into <name> (respectively) commit subjects, which
+is rather slow but allows you to resurrect other people's topic
+branches."
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git resurrect $USAGE
+--
+b,branch=            save branch as <newname> instead of <name>
+a,all                same as -l -r -m -t
+k,keep-going         full rev-list scan (instead of first match)
+l,reflog             scan reflog for checkouts (enabled by default)
+r,reflog-merges      scan for merges recorded in reflog
+m,merges             scan for merges into other branches (slow)
+t,merge-targets      scan for merges of other branches into <name>
+n,dry-run            don't recreate the branch"
+
+. git-sh-setup
+
+search_reflog () {
+        sed -ne 's~^\([^ ]*\) .*\tcheckout: moving from '"$1"' .*~\1~p' \
+                < "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+}
+
+search_reflog_merges () {
+	git rev-parse $(
+		sed -ne 's~^[^ ]* \([^ ]*\) .*\tmerge '"$1"':.*~\1^2~p' \
+			< "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+	)
+}
+
+_x40="[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]"
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+
+search_merges () {
+        git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '$1'" \
+                --pretty=tformat:"%P %s" |
+        sed -ne "/^$_x40 \($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit}"
+}
+
+search_merge_targets () {
+	git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '[^']*' into $branch\$" \
+		--pretty=tformat:"%H %s" --all |
+	sed -ne "/^\($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit} "
+}
+
+dry_run=
+early_exit=q
+scan_reflog=t
+scan_reflog_merges=
+scan_merges=
+scan_merge_targets=
+new_name=
+
+while test "$#" != 0; do
+	case "$1" in
+	    -b|--branch)
+		shift
+		new_name="$1"
+		;;
+	    -n|--dry-run)
+		dry_run=t
+		;;
+	    --no-dry-run)
+		dry_run=
+		;;
+	    -k|--keep-going)
+		early_exit=
+		;;
+	    --no-keep-going)
+		early_exit=q
+		;;
+	    -m|--merges)
+		scan_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merges)
+		scan_merges=
+		;;
+	    -l|--reflog)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog)
+		scan_reflog=
+		;;
+	    -r|--reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=
+		;;
+	    -t|--merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=
+		;;
+	    -a|--all)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		scan_merges=t
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	    *)
+		usage
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+test "$#" = 1 || usage
+
+all_strategies="$scan_reflog$scan_reflog_merges$scan_merges$scan_merge_targets"
+if test -z "$all_strategies"; then
+	die "must enable at least one of -lrmt"
+fi
+
+branch="$1"
+test -z "$new_name" && new_name="$branch"
+
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$(search_reflog $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog_merges"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$candidates $(search_reflog_merges $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merges"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merges $branch)"
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merge_targets"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merge_targets $branch)"
+fi
+
+candidates="$(git rev-parse $candidates | sort -u)"
+
+if test -z "$candidates"; then
+	hint=
+	test "z$all_strategies" != "ztttt" \
+		&& hint=" (maybe try again with -a)"
+	die "no candidates for $branch found$hint"
+fi
+
+echo "** Candidates for $branch **"
+for cmt in $candidates; do
+	git --no-pager log --pretty=tformat:"%ct:%h [%cr] %s" --abbrev-commit -1 $cmt
+done \
+| sort -n | cut -d: -f2-
+
+newest="$(git rev-list -1 $candidates)"
+if test ! -z "$dry_run"; then
+	printf "** Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+elif ! git rev-parse --verify --quiet $new_name >/dev/null; then
+	printf "** Restoring $new_name to "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	git branch $new_name $newest
+else
+	printf "Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	echo "** $new_name already exists, doing nothing"
+fi
diff --git a/contrib/gitview/gitview b/contrib/gitview/gitview
index 521b2fcd32..4c99dfb903 100755
--- a/contrib/gitview/gitview
+++ b/contrib/gitview/gitview
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ GUI browser for git repository
 This program is based on bzrk by Scott James Remnant <scott@ubuntu.com>
 """
 __copyright__ = "Copyright (C) 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P."
-__author__    = "Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@hp.com>"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright (C) 2007 Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com"
+__author__    = "Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>"
 
 
 import sys
@@ -24,13 +25,19 @@ import gobject
 import cairo
 import math
 import string
+import fcntl
 
+have_gtksourceview2 = False
+have_gtksourceview = False
 try:
-    import gtksourceview
-    have_gtksourceview = True
+    import gtksourceview2
+    have_gtksourceview2 = True
 except ImportError:
-    have_gtksourceview = False
-    print "Running without gtksourceview module"
+    try:
+        import gtksourceview
+        have_gtksourceview = True
+    except ImportError:
+        print "Running without gtksourceview2 or gtksourceview module"
 
 re_ident = re.compile('(author|committer) (?P<ident>.*) (?P<epoch>\d+) (?P<tz>[+-]\d{4})')
 
@@ -56,6 +63,26 @@ def show_date(epoch, tz):
 
 	return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(secs))
 
+def get_source_buffer_and_view():
+	if have_gtksourceview2:
+		buffer = gtksourceview2.Buffer()
+		slm = gtksourceview2.LanguageManager()
+		gsl = slm.get_language("diff")
+		buffer.set_highlight_syntax(True)
+		buffer.set_language(gsl)
+		view = gtksourceview2.View(buffer)
+	elif have_gtksourceview:
+		buffer = gtksourceview.SourceBuffer()
+		slm = gtksourceview.SourceLanguagesManager()
+		gsl = slm.get_language_from_mime_type("text/x-patch")
+		buffer.set_highlight(True)
+		buffer.set_language(gsl)
+		view = gtksourceview.SourceView(buffer)
+	else:
+		buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
+		view = gtk.TextView(buffer)
+	return (buffer, view)
+
 
 class CellRendererGraph(gtk.GenericCellRenderer):
 	"""Cell renderer for directed graph.
@@ -257,10 +284,13 @@ class CellRendererGraph(gtk.GenericCellRenderer):
 				self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.0, 0.5)
 			ctx.show_text(name)
 
-class Commit:
+class Commit(object):
 	""" This represent a commit object obtained after parsing the git-rev-list
 	output """
 
+	__slots__ = ['children_sha1', 'message', 'author', 'date', 'committer',
+				 'commit_date', 'commit_sha1', 'parent_sha1']
+
 	children_sha1 = {}
 
 	def __init__(self, commit_lines):
@@ -337,7 +367,204 @@ class Commit:
 		fp.close()
 		return diff
 
-class DiffWindow:
+class AnnotateWindow(object):
+	"""Annotate window.
+	This object represents and manages a single window containing the
+	annotate information of the file
+	"""
+
+	def __init__(self):
+		self.window = gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)
+		self.window.set_border_width(0)
+		self.window.set_title("Git repository browser annotation window")
+		self.prev_read = ""
+
+		# Use two thirds of the screen by default
+		screen = self.window.get_screen()
+		monitor = screen.get_monitor_geometry(0)
+		width = int(monitor.width * 0.66)
+		height = int(monitor.height * 0.66)
+		self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
+
+	def add_file_data(self, filename, commit_sha1, line_num):
+		fp = os.popen("git cat-file blob " + commit_sha1 +":"+filename)
+		i = 1;
+		for line in fp.readlines():
+			line = string.rstrip(line)
+			self.model.append(None, ["HEAD", filename, line, i])
+			i = i+1
+		fp.close()
+
+		# now set the cursor position
+		self.treeview.set_cursor(line_num-1)
+		self.treeview.grab_focus()
+
+	def _treeview_cursor_cb(self, *args):
+		"""Callback for when the treeview cursor changes."""
+		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
+		commit_sha1 = self.model[path][0]
+		commit_msg = ""
+		fp = os.popen("git cat-file commit " + commit_sha1)
+		for line in fp.readlines():
+			commit_msg =  commit_msg + line
+		fp.close()
+
+		self.commit_buffer.set_text(commit_msg)
+
+	def _treeview_row_activated(self, *args):
+		"""Callback for when the treeview row gets selected."""
+		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
+		commit_sha1 = self.model[path][0]
+		filename    = self.model[path][1]
+		line_num    = self.model[path][3]
+
+		window = AnnotateWindow();
+		fp = os.popen("git rev-parse "+ commit_sha1 + "~1")
+		commit_sha1 = string.strip(fp.readline())
+		fp.close()
+		window.annotate(filename, commit_sha1, line_num)
+
+	def data_ready(self, source, condition):
+		while (1):
+			try :
+				# A simple readline doesn't work
+				# a readline bug ??
+				buffer = source.read(100)
+
+			except:
+				# resource temporary not available
+				return True
+
+			if (len(buffer) == 0):
+				gobject.source_remove(self.io_watch_tag)
+				source.close()
+				return False
+
+			if (self.prev_read != ""):
+				buffer = self.prev_read + buffer
+				self.prev_read = ""
+
+			if (buffer[len(buffer) -1] != '\n'):
+				try:
+					newline_index = buffer.rindex("\n")
+				except ValueError:
+					newline_index = 0
+
+				self.prev_read = buffer[newline_index:(len(buffer))]
+				buffer = buffer[0:newline_index]
+
+			for buff in buffer.split("\n"):
+				annotate_line = re.compile('^([0-9a-f]{40}) (.+) (.+) (.+)$')
+				m = annotate_line.match(buff)
+				if not m:
+					annotate_line = re.compile('^(filename) (.+)$')
+					m = annotate_line.match(buff)
+					if not m:
+						continue
+					filename = m.group(2)
+				else:
+					self.commit_sha1 = m.group(1)
+					self.source_line = int(m.group(2))
+					self.result_line = int(m.group(3))
+					self.count	    = int(m.group(4))
+					#set the details only when we have the file name
+					continue
+
+				while (self.count > 0):
+					# set at result_line + count-1 the sha1 as commit_sha1
+					self.count = self.count - 1
+					iter = self.model.iter_nth_child(None, self.result_line + self.count-1)
+					self.model.set(iter, 0, self.commit_sha1, 1, filename, 3, self.source_line)
+
+
+	def annotate(self, filename, commit_sha1, line_num):
+		# verify the commit_sha1 specified has this filename
+
+		fp = os.popen("git ls-tree "+ commit_sha1 + " -- " + filename)
+		line = string.strip(fp.readline())
+		if line == '':
+			# pop up the message the file is not there as a part of the commit
+			fp.close()
+			dialog = gtk.MessageDialog(parent=None, flags=0,
+					type=gtk.MESSAGE_WARNING, buttons=gtk.BUTTONS_CLOSE,
+					message_format=None)
+			dialog.set_markup("The file %s is not present in the parent commit %s" % (filename, commit_sha1))
+			dialog.run()
+			dialog.destroy()
+			return
+
+		fp.close()
+
+		vpan = gtk.VPaned();
+		self.window.add(vpan);
+		vpan.show()
+
+		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
+		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
+		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
+		vpan.pack1(scrollwin, True, True);
+		scrollwin.show()
+
+		self.model = gtk.TreeStore(str, str, str, int)
+		self.treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.model)
+		self.treeview.set_rules_hint(True)
+		self.treeview.set_search_column(0)
+		self.treeview.connect("cursor-changed", self._treeview_cursor_cb)
+		self.treeview.connect("row-activated", self._treeview_row_activated)
+		scrollwin.add(self.treeview)
+		self.treeview.show()
+
+		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
+		cell.set_property("width-chars", 10)
+		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
+		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Commit")
+		column.set_resizable(True)
+		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
+		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
+		self.treeview.append_column(column)
+
+		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
+		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
+		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
+		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("File Name")
+		column.set_resizable(True)
+		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
+		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 1)
+		self.treeview.append_column(column)
+
+		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
+		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
+		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
+		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data")
+		column.set_resizable(True)
+		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
+		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 2)
+		self.treeview.append_column(column)
+
+		# The commit message window
+		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
+		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
+		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
+		vpan.pack2(scrollwin, True, True);
+		scrollwin.show()
+
+		commit_text = gtk.TextView()
+		self.commit_buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
+		commit_text.set_buffer(self.commit_buffer)
+		scrollwin.add(commit_text)
+		commit_text.show()
+
+		self.window.show()
+
+		self.add_file_data(filename, commit_sha1, line_num)
+
+		fp = os.popen("git blame --incremental -C -C -- " + filename + " " + commit_sha1)
+		flags = fcntl.fcntl(fp.fileno(), fcntl.F_GETFL)
+		fcntl.fcntl(fp.fileno(), fcntl.F_SETFL, flags | os.O_NONBLOCK)
+		self.io_watch_tag = gobject.io_add_watch(fp, gobject.IO_IN, self.data_ready)
+
+
+class DiffWindow(object):
 	"""Diff window.
 	This object represents and manages a single window containing the
 	differences between two revisions on a branch.
@@ -355,6 +582,7 @@ class DiffWindow:
 		height = int(monitor.height * 0.66)
 		self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
 
+
 		self.construct()
 
 	def construct(self):
@@ -371,28 +599,86 @@ class DiffWindow:
 		vbox.pack_start(menu_bar, expand=False, fill=True)
 		menu_bar.show()
 
+		hpan = gtk.HPaned()
+
 		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
 		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
 		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		vbox.pack_start(scrollwin, expand=True, fill=True)
+		hpan.pack1(scrollwin, True, True)
 		scrollwin.show()
 
-		if have_gtksourceview:
-			self.buffer = gtksourceview.SourceBuffer()
-			slm = gtksourceview.SourceLanguagesManager()
-			gsl = slm.get_language_from_mime_type("text/x-patch")
-			self.buffer.set_highlight(True)
-			self.buffer.set_language(gsl)
-			sourceview = gtksourceview.SourceView(self.buffer)
-		else:
-			self.buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
-			sourceview = gtk.TextView(self.buffer)
+		(self.buffer, sourceview) = get_source_buffer_and_view()
 
 		sourceview.set_editable(False)
 		sourceview.modify_font(pango.FontDescription("Monospace"))
 		scrollwin.add(sourceview)
 		sourceview.show()
 
+		# The file hierarchy: a scrollable treeview
+		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
+		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
+		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
+		scrollwin.set_size_request(20, -1)
+		hpan.pack2(scrollwin, True, True)
+		scrollwin.show()
+
+		self.model = gtk.TreeStore(str, str, str)
+		self.treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.model)
+		self.treeview.set_search_column(1)
+		self.treeview.connect("cursor-changed", self._treeview_clicked)
+		scrollwin.add(self.treeview)
+		self.treeview.show()
+
+		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
+		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
+		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Select to annotate")
+		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
+		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
+		self.treeview.append_column(column)
+
+		vbox.pack_start(hpan, expand=True, fill=True)
+		hpan.show()
+
+	def _treeview_clicked(self, *args):
+		"""Callback for when the treeview cursor changes."""
+		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
+		specific_file = self.model[path][1]
+		commit_sha1 =  self.model[path][2]
+		if specific_file ==  None :
+			return
+		elif specific_file ==  "" :
+			specific_file =  None
+
+		window = AnnotateWindow();
+		window.annotate(specific_file, commit_sha1, 1)
+
+
+	def commit_files(self, commit_sha1, parent_sha1):
+		self.model.clear()
+		add  = self.model.append(None, [ "Added", None, None])
+		dele = self.model.append(None, [ "Deleted", None, None])
+		mod  = self.model.append(None, [ "Modified", None, None])
+		diff_tree = re.compile('^(:.{6}) (.{6}) (.{40}) (.{40}) (A|D|M)\s(.+)$')
+		fp = os.popen("git diff-tree -r --no-commit-id " + parent_sha1 + " " + commit_sha1)
+		while 1:
+			line = string.strip(fp.readline())
+			if line == '':
+				break
+			m = diff_tree.match(line)
+			if not m:
+				continue
+
+			attr = m.group(5)
+			filename = m.group(6)
+			if attr == "A":
+				self.model.append(add,  [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
+			elif attr == "D":
+				self.model.append(dele, [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
+			elif attr == "M":
+				self.model.append(mod,  [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
+		fp.close()
+
+		self.treeview.expand_all()
 
 	def set_diff(self, commit_sha1, parent_sha1, encoding):
 		"""Set the differences showed by this window.
@@ -406,6 +692,7 @@ class DiffWindow:
 		fp = os.popen("git diff-tree -p " + parent_sha1 + " " + commit_sha1)
 		self.buffer.set_text(unicode(fp.read(), encoding).encode('utf-8'))
 		fp.close()
+		self.commit_files(commit_sha1, parent_sha1)
 		self.window.show()
 
 	def save_menu_response(self, widget, string):
@@ -422,10 +709,10 @@ class DiffWindow:
 			fp.close()
 		dialog.destroy()
 
-class GitView:
+class GitView(object):
 	""" This is the main class
 	"""
-	version = "0.8"
+	version = "0.9"
 
 	def __init__(self, with_diff=0):
 		self.with_diff = with_diff
@@ -590,7 +877,7 @@ class GitView:
 		dialog = gtk.AboutDialog()
 		dialog.set_name("Gitview")
 		dialog.set_version(GitView.version)
-		dialog.set_authors(["Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@hp.com>"])
+		dialog.set_authors(["Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>"])
 		dialog.set_website("http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/")
 		dialog.set_copyright("Use and distribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License")
 		dialog.set_wrap_license(True)
@@ -684,16 +971,7 @@ class GitView:
 		vbox.pack_start(scrollwin, expand=True, fill=True)
 		scrollwin.show()
 
-		if have_gtksourceview:
-			self.message_buffer = gtksourceview.SourceBuffer()
-			slm = gtksourceview.SourceLanguagesManager()
-			gsl = slm.get_language_from_mime_type("text/x-patch")
-			self.message_buffer.set_highlight(True)
-			self.message_buffer.set_language(gsl)
-			sourceview = gtksourceview.SourceView(self.message_buffer)
-		else:
-			self.message_buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
-			sourceview = gtk.TextView(self.message_buffer)
+		(self.message_buffer, sourceview) = get_source_buffer_and_view()
 
 		sourceview.set_editable(False)
 		sourceview.modify_font(pango.FontDescription("Monospace"))
@@ -1025,5 +1303,3 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
 	view = GitView( without_diff != 1)
 	view.run(sys.argv[without_diff:])
-
-
diff --git a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
index 37337ff01f..7b03204ed1 100755
--- a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
+++ b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/python
 
-""" hg-to-svn.py - A Mercurial to GIT converter
+""" hg-to-git.py - A Mercurial to GIT converter
 
     Copyright (C)2007 Stelian Pop <stelian@popies.net>
 
@@ -27,8 +27,12 @@ import re
 hgvers = {}
 # List of children for each hg revision
 hgchildren = {}
+# List of parents for each hg revision
+hgparents = {}
 # Current branch for each hg revision
 hgbranch = {}
+# Number of new changesets converted from hg
+hgnewcsets = 0
 
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -40,6 +44,9 @@ def usage():
 options:
     -s, --gitstate=FILE: name of the state to be saved/read
                          for incrementals
+    -n, --nrepack=INT:   number of changesets that will trigger
+                         a repack (default=0, -1 to deactivate)
+    -v, --verbose:       be verbose
 
 required:
     hgprj:  name of the HG project to import (directory)
@@ -68,16 +75,21 @@ def getgitenv(user, date):
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 state = ''
+opt_nrepack = 0
+verbose = False
 
 try:
-    opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 's:t:', ['gitstate=', 'tempdir='])
+    opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 's:t:n:v', ['gitstate=', 'tempdir=', 'nrepack=', 'verbose'])
     for o, a in opts:
         if o in ('-s', '--gitstate'):
             state = a
             state = os.path.abspath(state)
-
+        if o in ('-n', '--nrepack'):
+            opt_nrepack = int(a)
+        if o in ('-v', '--verbose'):
+            verbose = True
     if len(args) != 1:
-        raise('params')
+        raise Exception('params')
 except:
     usage()
     sys.exit(1)
@@ -87,23 +99,31 @@ os.chdir(hgprj)
 
 if state:
     if os.path.exists(state):
-        print 'State does exist, reading'
+        if verbose:
+            print 'State does exist, reading'
         f = open(state, 'r')
         hgvers = pickle.load(f)
     else:
         print 'State does not exist, first run'
 
-tip = os.popen('hg tip | head -1 | cut -f 2 -d :').read().strip()
-print 'tip is', tip
+sock = os.popen('hg tip --template "{rev}"')
+tip = sock.read()
+if sock.close():
+    sys.exit(1)
+if verbose:
+    print 'tip is', tip
 
 # Calculate the branches
-print 'analysing the branches...'
+if verbose:
+    print 'analysing the branches...'
 hgchildren["0"] = ()
+hgparents["0"] = (None, None)
 hgbranch["0"] = "master"
 for cset in range(1, int(tip) + 1):
     hgchildren[str(cset)] = ()
-    prnts = os.popen('hg log -r %d | grep ^parent: | cut -f 2 -d :' % cset).readlines()
-    if len(prnts) > 0:
+    prnts = os.popen('hg log -r %d --template "{parents}"' % cset).read().strip().split(' ')
+    prnts = map(lambda x: x[:x.find(':')], prnts)
+    if prnts[0] != '':
         parent = prnts[0].strip()
     else:
         parent = str(cset - 1)
@@ -114,6 +134,8 @@ for cset in range(1, int(tip) + 1):
     else:
         mparent = None
 
+    hgparents[str(cset)] = (parent, mparent)
+
     if mparent:
         # For merge changesets, take either one, preferably the 'master' branch
         if hgbranch[mparent] == 'master':
@@ -130,7 +152,7 @@ for cset in range(1, int(tip) + 1):
 
 if not hgvers.has_key("0"):
     print 'creating repository'
-    os.system('git-init-db')
+    os.system('git init')
 
 # loop through every hg changeset
 for cset in range(int(tip) + 1):
@@ -138,36 +160,30 @@ for cset in range(int(tip) + 1):
     # incremental, already seen
     if hgvers.has_key(str(cset)):
         continue
+    hgnewcsets += 1
 
     # get info
-    prnts = os.popen('hg log -r %d | grep ^parent: | cut -f 2 -d :' % cset).readlines()
-    if len(prnts) > 0:
-        parent = prnts[0].strip()
-    else:
-        parent = str(cset - 1)
-    if len(prnts) > 1:
-        mparent = prnts[1].strip()
-    else:
-        mparent = None
-
+    log_data = os.popen('hg log -r %d --template "{tags}\n{date|date}\n{author}\n"' % cset).readlines()
+    tag = log_data[0].strip()
+    date = log_data[1].strip()
+    user = log_data[2].strip()
+    parent = hgparents[str(cset)][0]
+    mparent = hgparents[str(cset)][1]
+
+    #get comment
     (fdcomment, filecomment) = tempfile.mkstemp()
-    csetcomment = os.popen('hg log -r %d -v | grep -v ^changeset: | grep -v ^parent: | grep -v ^user: | grep -v ^date | grep -v ^files: | grep -v ^description: | grep -v ^tag:' % cset).read().strip()
+    csetcomment = os.popen('hg log -r %d --template "{desc}"' % cset).read().strip()
     os.write(fdcomment, csetcomment)
     os.close(fdcomment)
 
-    date = os.popen('hg log -r %d | grep ^date: | cut -f 2- -d :' % cset).read().strip()
-
-    tag = os.popen('hg log -r %d | grep ^tag: | cut -f 2- -d :' % cset).read().strip()
-
-    user = os.popen('hg log -r %d | grep ^user: | cut -f 2- -d :' % cset).read().strip()
-
     print '-----------------------------------------'
     print 'cset:', cset
     print 'branch:', hgbranch[str(cset)]
     print 'user:', user
     print 'date:', date
     print 'comment:', csetcomment
-    print 'parent:', parent
+    if parent:
+	print 'parent:', parent
     if mparent:
         print 'mparent:', mparent
     if tag:
@@ -178,10 +194,10 @@ for cset in range(int(tip) + 1):
     if cset != 0:
         if hgbranch[str(cset)] == "branch-" + str(cset):
             print 'creating new branch', hgbranch[str(cset)]
-            os.system('git-checkout -b %s %s' % (hgbranch[str(cset)], hgvers[parent]))
+            os.system('git checkout -b %s %s' % (hgbranch[str(cset)], hgvers[parent]))
         else:
             print 'checking out branch', hgbranch[str(cset)]
-            os.system('git-checkout %s' % hgbranch[str(cset)])
+            os.system('git checkout %s' % hgbranch[str(cset)])
 
     # merge
     if mparent:
@@ -190,7 +206,7 @@ for cset in range(int(tip) + 1):
         else:
             otherbranch = hgbranch[parent]
         print 'merging', otherbranch, 'into', hgbranch[str(cset)]
-        os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git-merge --no-commit -s ours "" %s %s' % (hgbranch[str(cset)], otherbranch))
+        os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git merge --no-commit -s ours "" %s %s' % (hgbranch[str(cset)], otherbranch))
 
     # remove everything except .git and .hg directories
     os.system('find . \( -path "./.hg" -o -path "./.git" \) -prune -o ! -name "." -print | xargs rm -rf')
@@ -199,34 +215,35 @@ for cset in range(int(tip) + 1):
     os.system('hg update -C %d' % cset)
 
     # add new files
-    os.system('git-ls-files -x .hg --others | git-update-index --add --stdin')
+    os.system('git ls-files -x .hg --others | git update-index --add --stdin')
     # delete removed files
-    os.system('git-ls-files -x .hg --deleted | git-update-index --remove --stdin')
+    os.system('git ls-files -x .hg --deleted | git update-index --remove --stdin')
 
     # commit
-    os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git-commit -a -F %s' % filecomment)
+    os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git commit --allow-empty -a -F %s' % filecomment)
     os.unlink(filecomment)
 
     # tag
     if tag and tag != 'tip':
-        os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git-tag %s' % tag)
+        os.system(getgitenv(user, date) + 'git tag %s' % tag)
 
     # delete branch if not used anymore...
     if mparent and len(hgchildren[str(cset)]):
         print "Deleting unused branch:", otherbranch
-        os.system('git-branch -d %s' % otherbranch)
+        os.system('git branch -d %s' % otherbranch)
 
     # retrieve and record the version
-    vvv = os.popen('git-show | head -1').read()
-    vvv = vvv[vvv.index(' ') + 1 : ].strip()
+    vvv = os.popen('git show --quiet --pretty=format:%H').read()
     print 'record', cset, '->', vvv
     hgvers[str(cset)] = vvv
 
-os.system('git-repack -a -d')
+if hgnewcsets >= opt_nrepack and opt_nrepack != -1:
+    os.system('git repack -a -d')
 
 # write the state for incrementals
 if state:
-    print 'Writing state'
+    if verbose:
+        print 'Writing state'
     f = open(state, 'w')
     pickle.dump(hgvers, f)
 
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
index 65160153ee..2a66063e44 100644..100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
+++ b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
@@ -2,24 +2,26 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
 #
-# An example hook script to mail out commit update information.  This hook sends emails
-# listing new revisions to the repository introduced by the change being reported.  The
-# rule is that (for branch updates) each commit will appear on one email and one email
-# only.
+# An example hook script to mail out commit update information.  This hook
+# sends emails listing new revisions to the repository introduced by the
+# change being reported.  The rule is that (for branch updates) each commit
+# will appear on one email and one email only.
 #
-# This hook is stored in the contrib/hooks directory.  Your distribution will have put
-# this somewhere standard.  You should make this script executable then link to it in
-# the repository you would like to use it in.  For example, on debian the hook is stored
-# in /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email:
+# This hook is stored in the contrib/hooks directory.  Your distribution
+# will have put this somewhere standard.  You should make this script
+# executable then link to it in the repository you would like to use it in.
+# For example, on debian the hook is stored in
+# /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email:
 #
 #  chmod a+x post-receive-email
 #  cd /path/to/your/repository.git
 #  ln -sf /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email hooks/post-receive
 #
-# This hook script assumes it is enabled on the central repository of a project, with
-# all users pushing only to it and not between each other.  It will still work if you
-# don't operate in that style, but it would become possible for the email to be from
-# someone other than the person doing the push.
+# This hook script assumes it is enabled on the central repository of a
+# project, with all users pushing only to it and not between each other.  It
+# will still work if you don't operate in that style, but it would become
+# possible for the email to be from someone other than the person doing the
+# push.
 #
 # Config
 # ------
@@ -28,15 +30,27 @@
 #   emails for every ref update.
 # hooks.announcelist
 #   This is the list that all pushes of annotated tags will go to.  Leave it
-#   blank to default to the mailinglist field.  The announce emails lists the
-#   short log summary of the changes since the last annotated tag.
-# hook.envelopesender
-#   If set then the -f option is passed to sendmail to allow the envelope sender
-#   address to be set
+#   blank to default to the mailinglist field.  The announce emails lists
+#   the short log summary of the changes since the last annotated tag.
+# hooks.envelopesender
+#   If set then the -f option is passed to sendmail to allow the envelope
+#   sender address to be set
+# hooks.emailprefix
+#   All emails have their subjects prefixed with this prefix, or "[SCM]"
+#   if emailprefix is unset, to aid filtering
+# hooks.showrev
+#   The shell command used to format each revision in the email, with
+#   "%s" replaced with the commit id.  Defaults to "git rev-list -1
+#   --pretty %s", displaying the commit id, author, date and log
+#   message.  To list full patches separated by a blank line, you
+#   could set this to "git show -C %s; echo".
+#   To list a gitweb/cgit URL *and* a full patch for each change set, use this:
+#     "t=%s; printf 'http://.../?id=%%s' \$t; echo;echo; git show -C \$t; echo"
+#   Be careful if "..." contains things that will be expanded by shell "eval"
+#   or printf.
 #
 # Notes
 # -----
-# All emails have their subjects prefixed with "[SCM]" to aid filtering.
 # All emails include the headers "X-Git-Refname", "X-Git-Oldrev",
 # "X-Git-Newrev", and "X-Git-Reftype" to enable fine tuned filtering and
 # give information for debugging.
@@ -49,8 +63,8 @@
 # this is and calls the appropriate body-generation routine after outputting
 # the common header
 #
-# Note this function doesn't actually generate any email output, that is taken
-# care of by the functions it calls:
+# Note this function doesn't actually generate any email output, that is
+# taken care of by the functions it calls:
 #  - generate_email_header
 #  - generate_create_XXXX_email
 #  - generate_update_XXXX_email
@@ -138,16 +152,20 @@ generate_email()
 
 	# Check if we've got anyone to send to
 	if [ -z "$recipients" ]; then
-		echo >&2 "*** hooks.recipients is not set so no email will be sent"
+		case "$refname_type" in
+			"annotated tag")
+				config_name="hooks.announcelist"
+				;;
+			*)
+				config_name="hooks.mailinglist"
+				;;
+		esac
+		echo >&2 "*** $config_name is not set so no email will be sent"
 		echo >&2 "*** for $refname update $oldrev->$newrev"
 		exit 0
 	fi
 
 	# Email parameters
-	# The committer will be obtained from the latest existing rev; so
-	# for a deletion it will be the oldrev, for the others, then newrev
-	committer=$(git show --pretty=full -s $rev | sed -ne "s/^Commit: //p" |
-		sed -ne 's/\(.*\) </"\1" </p')
 	# The email subject will contain the best description of the ref
 	# that we can build from the parameters
 	describe=$(git describe $rev 2>/dev/null)
@@ -177,9 +195,8 @@ generate_email_header()
 	# --- Email (all stdout will be the email)
 	# Generate header
 	cat <<-EOF
-	From: $committer
 	To: $recipients
-	Subject: ${EMAILPREFIX}$projectdesc $refname_type, $short_refname, ${change_type}d. $describe
+	Subject: ${emailprefix}$projectdesc $refname_type, $short_refname, ${change_type}d. $describe
 	X-Git-Refname: $refname
 	X-Git-Reftype: $refname_type
 	X-Git-Oldrev: $oldrev
@@ -195,11 +212,12 @@ generate_email_header()
 
 generate_email_footer()
 {
+	SPACE=" "
 	cat <<-EOF
 
 
 	hooks/post-receive
-	-- 
+	--${SPACE}
 	$projectdesc
 	EOF
 }
@@ -216,12 +234,7 @@ generate_create_branch_email()
 	echo ""
 
 	echo $LOGBEGIN
-	# This shows all log entries that are not already covered by
-	# another ref - i.e. commits that are now accessible from this
-	# ref that were previously not accessible (see generate_update_branch_email
-	# for the explanation of this command)
-	git rev-parse --not --branches | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname) |
-	git rev-list --pretty --stdin $newrev
+	show_new_revisions
 	echo $LOGEND
 }
 
@@ -240,35 +253,37 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	# In this case we want to issue an email containing only revisions
 	# 3, 4, and N.  Given (almost) by
 	#
-	#  git-rev-list N ^O --not --all
+	#  git rev-list N ^O --not --all
 	#
 	# The reason for the "almost", is that the "--not --all" will take
 	# precedence over the "N", and effectively will translate to
 	#
-	#  git-rev-list N ^O ^X ^N
+	#  git rev-list N ^O ^X ^N
 	#
-	# So, we need to build up the list more carefully.  git-rev-parse will
-	# generate a list of revs that may be fed into git-rev-list.  We can get
-	# it to make the "--not --all" part and then filter out the "^N" with:
+	# So, we need to build up the list more carefully.  git rev-parse
+	# will generate a list of revs that may be fed into git rev-list.
+	# We can get it to make the "--not --all" part and then filter out
+	# the "^N" with:
 	#
-	#  git-rev-parse --not --all | grep -v N
+	#  git rev-parse --not --all | grep -v N
 	#
-	# Then, using the --stdin switch to git-rev-list we have effectively
+	# Then, using the --stdin switch to git rev-list we have effectively
 	# manufactured
 	#
-	#  git-rev-list N ^O ^X
+	#  git rev-list N ^O ^X
 	#
 	# This leaves a problem when someone else updates the repository
-	# while this script is running.  Their new value of the ref we're working
-	# on would be included in the "--not --all" output; and as our $newrev
-	# would be an ancestor of that commit, it would exclude all of our
-	# commits.  What we really want is to exclude the current value of
-	# $refname from the --not list, rather than N itself.  So:
+	# while this script is running.  Their new value of the ref we're
+	# working on would be included in the "--not --all" output; and as
+	# our $newrev would be an ancestor of that commit, it would exclude
+	# all of our commits.  What we really want is to exclude the current
+	# value of $refname from the --not list, rather than N itself.  So:
 	#
-	#  git-rev-parse --not --all | grep -v $(git-rev-parse $refname)
+	#  git rev-parse --not --all | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname)
 	#
-	# Get's us to something pretty safe (apart from the small time between
-	# refname being read, and git-rev-parse running - for that, I give up)
+	# Get's us to something pretty safe (apart from the small time
+	# between refname being read, and git rev-parse running - for that,
+	# I give up)
 	#
 	#
 	# Next problem, consider this:
@@ -276,18 +291,18 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	#          \
 	#           * --- X --- * --- N ($newrev)
 	#
-	# That is to say, there is no guarantee that oldrev is a strict subset of
-	# newrev (it would have required a --force, but that's allowed).  So, we
-	# can't simply say rev-list $oldrev..$newrev.  Instead we find the common
-	# base of the two revs and list from there.
+	# That is to say, there is no guarantee that oldrev is a strict
+	# subset of newrev (it would have required a --force, but that's
+	# allowed).  So, we can't simply say rev-list $oldrev..$newrev.
+	# Instead we find the common base of the two revs and list from
+	# there.
 	#
-	# As above, we need to take into account the presence of X; if another
-	# branch is already in the repository and points at some of the revisions
-	# that we are about to output - we don't want them.  The solution is as
-	# before: git-rev-parse output filtered.
+	# As above, we need to take into account the presence of X; if
+	# another branch is already in the repository and points at some of
+	# the revisions that we are about to output - we don't want them.
+	# The solution is as before: git rev-parse output filtered.
 	#
-	# Finally, tags:
-	#   1 --- 2 --- O --- T --- 3 --- 4 --- N
+	# Finally, tags: 1 --- 2 --- O --- T --- 3 --- 4 --- N
 	#
 	# Tags pushed into the repository generate nice shortlog emails that
 	# summarise the commits between them and the previous tag.  However,
@@ -295,14 +310,15 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	# for a branch update.  Therefore we still want to output revisions
 	# that have been output on a tag email.
 	#
-	# Luckily, git-rev-parse includes just the tool.  Instead of using "--all"
-	# we use "--branches"; this has the added benefit that "remotes/" will
-	# be ignored as well.
-
-	# List all of the revisions that were removed by this update, in a fast forward
-	# update, this list will be empty, because rev-list O ^N is empty.  For a non
-	# fast forward, O ^N is the list of removed revisions
-	fastforward=""
+	# Luckily, git rev-parse includes just the tool.  Instead of using
+	# "--all" we use "--branches"; this has the added benefit that
+	# "remotes/" will be ignored as well.
+
+	# List all of the revisions that were removed by this update, in a
+	# fast forward update, this list will be empty, because rev-list O
+	# ^N is empty.  For a non fast forward, O ^N is the list of removed
+	# revisions
+	fast_forward=""
 	rev=""
 	for rev in $(git rev-list $newrev..$oldrev)
 	do
@@ -314,56 +330,88 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	fi
 
 	# List all the revisions from baserev to newrev in a kind of
-	# "table-of-contents"; note this list can include revisions that have
-	# already had notification emails and is present to show the full detail
-	# of the change from rolling back the old revision to the base revision and
-	# then forward to the new revision
+	# "table-of-contents"; note this list can include revisions that
+	# have already had notification emails and is present to show the
+	# full detail of the change from rolling back the old revision to
+	# the base revision and then forward to the new revision
 	for rev in $(git rev-list $oldrev..$newrev)
 	do
 		revtype=$(git cat-file -t "$rev")
 		echo "       via  $rev ($revtype)"
 	done
 
-	if [ -z "$fastforward" ]; then
+	if [ "$fast_forward" ]; then
 		echo "      from  $oldrev ($oldrev_type)"
 	else
+		#  1. Existing revisions were removed.  In this case newrev
+		#     is a subset of oldrev - this is the reverse of a
+		#     fast-forward, a rewind
+		#  2. New revisions were added on top of an old revision,
+		#     this is a rewind and addition.
+
+		# (1) certainly happened, (2) possibly.  When (2) hasn't
+		# happened, we set a flag to indicate that no log printout
+		# is required.
+
 		echo ""
-		echo "This update added new revisions after undoing old revisions.  That is to"
-		echo "say, the old revision is not a strict subset of the new revision.  This"
-		echo "situation occurs when you --force push a change and generate a"
-		echo "repository containing something like this:"
-		echo ""
-		echo " * -- * -- B -- O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
-		echo "            \\"
-		echo "             N -- N -- N ($newrev)"
-		echo ""
-		echo "When this happens we assume that you've already had alert emails for all"
-		echo "of the O revisions, and so we here report only the revisions in the N"
-		echo "branch from the common base, B."
+
+		# Find the common ancestor of the old and new revisions and
+		# compare it with newrev
+		baserev=$(git merge-base $oldrev $newrev)
+		rewind_only=""
+		if [ "$baserev" = "$newrev" ]; then
+			echo "This update discarded existing revisions and left the branch pointing at"
+			echo "a previous point in the repository history."
+			echo ""
+			echo " * -- * -- N ($newrev)"
+			echo "            \\"
+			echo "             O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
+			echo ""
+			echo "The removed revisions are not necessarilly gone - if another reference"
+			echo "still refers to them they will stay in the repository."
+			rewind_only=1
+		else
+			echo "This update added new revisions after undoing existing revisions.  That is"
+			echo "to say, the old revision is not a strict subset of the new revision.  This"
+			echo "situation occurs when you --force push a change and generate a repository"
+			echo "containing something like this:"
+			echo ""
+			echo " * -- * -- B -- O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
+			echo "            \\"
+			echo "             N -- N -- N ($newrev)"
+			echo ""
+			echo "When this happens we assume that you've already had alert emails for all"
+			echo "of the O revisions, and so we here report only the revisions in the N"
+			echo "branch from the common base, B."
+		fi
 	fi
 
 	echo ""
-	echo "Those revisions listed above that are new to this repository have"
-	echo "not appeared on any other notification email; so we list those"
-	echo "revisions in full, below."
+	if [ -z "$rewind_only" ]; then
+		echo "Those revisions listed above that are new to this repository have"
+		echo "not appeared on any other notification email; so we list those"
+		echo "revisions in full, below."
 
-	echo ""
-	echo $LOGBEGIN
-	git rev-parse --not --branches | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname) |
-	git rev-list --pretty --stdin $oldrev..$newrev
+		echo ""
+		echo $LOGBEGIN
+		show_new_revisions
 
-	# XXX: Need a way of detecting whether git rev-list actually outputted
-	# anything, so that we can issue a "no new revisions added by this
-	# update" message
+		# XXX: Need a way of detecting whether git rev-list actually
+		# outputted anything, so that we can issue a "no new
+		# revisions added by this update" message
 
-	echo $LOGEND
+		echo $LOGEND
+	else
+		echo "No new revisions were added by this update."
+	fi
 
-	# The diffstat is shown from the old revision to the new revision.  This
-	# is to show the truth of what happened in this change.  There's no point
-	# showing the stat from the base to the new revision because the base
-	# is effectively a random revision at this point - the user will be
-	# interested in what this revision changed - including the undoing of
-	# previous revisions in the case of non-fast forward updates.
+	# The diffstat is shown from the old revision to the new revision.
+	# This is to show the truth of what happened in this change.
+	# There's no point showing the stat from the base to the new
+	# revision because the base is effectively a random revision at this
+	# point - the user will be interested in what this revision changed
+	# - including the undoing of previous revisions in the case of
+	# non-fast forward updates.
 	echo ""
 	echo "Summary of changes:"
 	git diff-tree --stat --summary --find-copies-harder $oldrev..$newrev
@@ -410,7 +458,8 @@ generate_update_atag_email()
 #
 generate_atag_email()
 {
-	# Use git-for-each-ref to pull out the individual fields from the tag
+	# Use git for-each-ref to pull out the individual fields from the
+	# tag
 	eval $(git for-each-ref --shell --format='
 	tagobject=%(*objectname)
 	tagtype=%(*objecttype)
@@ -421,8 +470,10 @@ generate_atag_email()
 	echo "   tagging  $tagobject ($tagtype)"
 	case "$tagtype" in
 	commit)
+
 		# If the tagged object is a commit, then we assume this is a
-		# release, and so we calculate which tag this tag is replacing
+		# release, and so we calculate which tag this tag is
+		# replacing
 		prevtag=$(git describe --abbrev=0 $newrev^ 2>/dev/null)
 
 		if [ -n "$prevtag" ]; then
@@ -439,25 +490,27 @@ generate_atag_email()
 	echo ""
 	echo $LOGBEGIN
 
-	# Show the content of the tag message; this might contain a change log
-	# or release notes so is worth displaying.
+	# Show the content of the tag message; this might contain a change
+	# log or release notes so is worth displaying.
 	git cat-file tag $newrev | sed -e '1,/^$/d'
 
 	echo ""
 	case "$tagtype" in
 	commit)
-		# Only commit tags make sense to have rev-list operations performed
-		# on them
+		# Only commit tags make sense to have rev-list operations
+		# performed on them
 		if [ -n "$prevtag" ]; then
 			# Show changes since the previous release
 			git rev-list --pretty=short "$prevtag..$newrev" | git shortlog
 		else
-			# No previous tag, show all the changes since time began
+			# No previous tag, show all the changes since time
+			# began
 			git rev-list --pretty=short $newrev | git shortlog
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
-		# XXX: Is there anything useful we can do for non-commit objects?
+		# XXX: Is there anything useful we can do for non-commit
+		# objects?
 		;;
 	esac
 
@@ -506,24 +559,25 @@ generate_update_general_email()
 #
 generate_general_email()
 {
-	# Unannotated tags are more about marking a point than releasing a version;
-	# therefore we don't do the shortlog summary that we do for annotated tags
-	# above - we simply show that the point has been marked, and print the log
-	# message for the marked point for reference purposes
+	# Unannotated tags are more about marking a point than releasing a
+	# version; therefore we don't do the shortlog summary that we do for
+	# annotated tags above - we simply show that the point has been
+	# marked, and print the log message for the marked point for
+	# reference purposes
 	#
-	# Note this section also catches any other reference type (although there
-	# aren't any) and deals with them in the same way.
+	# Note this section also catches any other reference type (although
+	# there aren't any) and deals with them in the same way.
 
 	echo ""
 	if [ "$newrev_type" = "commit" ]; then
 		echo $LOGBEGIN
-		git show --no-color --root -s $newrev
+		git show --no-color --root -s --pretty=medium $newrev
 		echo $LOGEND
 	else
-		# What can we do here?  The tag marks an object that is not a commit,
-		# so there is no log for us to display.  It's probably not wise to
-		# output git-cat-file as it could be a binary blob.  We'll just say how
-		# big it is
+		# What can we do here?  The tag marks an object that is not
+		# a commit, so there is no log for us to display.  It's
+		# probably not wise to output git cat-file as it could be a
+		# binary blob.  We'll just say how big it is
 		echo "$newrev is a $newrev_type, and is $(git cat-file -s $newrev) bytes long."
 	fi
 }
@@ -540,10 +594,59 @@ generate_delete_general_email()
 	echo $LOGEND
 }
 
+
+# --------------- Miscellaneous utilities
+
+#
+# Show new revisions as the user would like to see them in the email.
+#
+show_new_revisions()
+{
+	# This shows all log entries that are not already covered by
+	# another ref - i.e. commits that are now accessible from this
+	# ref that were previously not accessible
+	# (see generate_update_branch_email for the explanation of this
+	# command)
+
+	# Revision range passed to rev-list differs for new vs. updated
+	# branches.
+	if [ "$change_type" = create ]
+	then
+		# Show all revisions exclusive to this (new) branch.
+		revspec=$newrev
+	else
+		# Branch update; show revisions not part of $oldrev.
+		revspec=$oldrev..$newrev
+	fi
+
+	other_branches=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' refs/heads/ |
+	    grep -F -v $refname)
+	git rev-parse --not $other_branches |
+	if [ -z "$custom_showrev" ]
+	then
+		git rev-list --pretty --stdin $revspec
+	else
+		git rev-list --stdin $revspec |
+		while read onerev
+		do
+			eval $(printf "$custom_showrev" $onerev)
+		done
+	fi
+}
+
+
+send_mail()
+{
+	if [ -n "$envelopesender" ]; then
+		/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -f "$envelopesender"
+	else
+		/usr/sbin/sendmail -t
+	fi
+}
+
 # ---------------------------- main()
 
 # --- Constants
-EMAILPREFIX="[SCM] "
 LOGBEGIN="- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------"
 LOGEND="-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
 
@@ -556,33 +659,31 @@ if [ -z "$GIT_DIR" ]; then
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-projectdesc=$(sed -e '1p' "$GIT_DIR/description")
-# Check if the description is unchanged from it's default, and shorten it to a
-# more manageable length if it is
+projectdesc=$(sed -ne '1p' "$GIT_DIR/description")
+# Check if the description is unchanged from it's default, and shorten it to
+# a more manageable length if it is
 if expr "$projectdesc" : "Unnamed repository.*$" >/dev/null
 then
 	projectdesc="UNNAMED PROJECT"
 fi
 
-recipients=$(git repo-config hooks.mailinglist)
-announcerecipients=$(git repo-config hooks.announcelist)
-envelopesender=$(git-repo-config hooks.envelopesender)
+recipients=$(git config hooks.mailinglist)
+announcerecipients=$(git config hooks.announcelist)
+envelopesender=$(git config hooks.envelopesender)
+emailprefix=$(git config hooks.emailprefix || echo '[SCM] ')
+custom_showrev=$(git config hooks.showrev)
 
 # --- Main loop
-# Allow dual mode: run from the command line just like the update hook, or if
-# no arguments are given then run as a hook script
+# Allow dual mode: run from the command line just like the update hook, or
+# if no arguments are given then run as a hook script
 if [ -n "$1" -a -n "$2" -a -n "$3" ]; then
 	# Output to the terminal in command line mode - if someone wanted to
-	# resend an email; they could redirect the output to sendmail themselves
+	# resend an email; they could redirect the output to sendmail
+	# themselves
 	PAGER= generate_email $2 $3 $1
 else
-	if [ -n "$envelopesender" ]; then
-		envelopesender="-f '$envelopesender'"
-	fi
-
 	while read oldrev newrev refname
 	do
-		generate_email $oldrev $newrev $refname |
-		/usr/sbin/sendmail -t $envelopesender
+		generate_email $oldrev $newrev $refname | send_mail
 	done
 fi
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery b/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f914c94aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script to verify if you are on battery, in case you
+# are running Linux or OS X. Called by git-gc --auto with no arguments.
+# The hook should exit with non-zero status after issuing an appropriate
+# message if it wants to stop the auto repacking.
+#
+# This hook is stored in the contrib/hooks directory. Your distribution
+# may have put this somewhere else. If you want to use this hook, you
+# should make this script executable then link to it in the repository
+# you would like to use it in.
+#
+# For example, if the hook is stored in
+# /usr/share/git-core/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery:
+#
+# chmod a+x pre-auto-gc-battery
+# cd /path/to/your/repository.git
+# ln -sf /usr/share/git-core/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery \
+#	hooks/pre-auto-gc
+
+if test -x /sbin/on_ac_power && /sbin/on_ac_power
+then
+	exit 0
+elif test "$(cat /sys/class/power_supply/AC/online 2>/dev/null)" = 1
+then
+	exit 0
+elif grep -q 'on-line' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/AC/state 2>/dev/null
+then
+	exit 0
+elif grep -q '0x01$' /proc/apm 2>/dev/null
+then
+	exit 0
+elif grep -q "AC Power \+: 1" /proc/pmu/info 2>/dev/null
+then
+	exit 0
+elif test -x /usr/bin/pmset && /usr/bin/pmset -g batt |
+	grep -q "Currently drawing from 'AC Power'"
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+echo "Auto packing deferred; not on AC"
+exit 1
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl b/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a577ad095f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Josh England
+#
+# This script can be used to save/restore full permissions and ownership data
+# within a git working tree.
+#
+# To save permissions/ownership data, place this script in your .git/hooks
+# directory and enable a `pre-commit` hook with the following lines:
+#      #!/bin/sh
+#     SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1 . git-sh-setup
+#     $GIT_DIR/hooks/setgitperms.perl -r
+#
+# To restore permissions/ownership data, place this script in your .git/hooks
+# directory and enable a `post-merge` and `post-checkout` hook with the
+# following lines:
+#      #!/bin/sh
+#     SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1 . git-sh-setup
+#     $GIT_DIR/hooks/setgitperms.perl -w
+#
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use File::Find;
+use File::Basename;
+
+my $usage =
+"Usage: setgitperms.perl [OPTION]... <--read|--write>
+This program uses a file `.gitmeta` to store/restore permissions and uid/gid
+info for all files/dirs tracked by git in the repository.
+
+---------------------------------Read Mode-------------------------------------
+-r,  --read         Reads perms/etc from working dir into a .gitmeta file
+-s,  --stdout       Output to stdout instead of .gitmeta
+-d,  --diff         Show unified diff of perms file (XOR with --stdout)
+
+---------------------------------Write Mode------------------------------------
+-w,  --write        Modify perms/etc in working dir to match the .gitmeta file
+-v,  --verbose      Be verbose
+
+\n";
+
+my ($stdout, $showdiff, $verbose, $read_mode, $write_mode);
+
+if ((@ARGV < 0) || !GetOptions(
+			       "stdout",         \$stdout,
+			       "diff",           \$showdiff,
+			       "read",           \$read_mode,
+			       "write",          \$write_mode,
+			       "verbose",        \$verbose,
+			      )) { die $usage; }
+die $usage unless ($read_mode xor $write_mode);
+
+my $topdir = `git rev-parse --show-cdup` or die "\n"; chomp $topdir;
+my $gitdir = $topdir . '.git';
+my $gitmeta = $topdir . '.gitmeta';
+
+if ($write_mode) {
+    # Update the working dir permissions/ownership based on data from .gitmeta
+    open (IN, "<$gitmeta") or die "Could not open $gitmeta for reading: $!\n";
+    while (defined ($_ = <IN>)) {
+	chomp;
+	if (/^(.*)  mode=(\S+)\s+uid=(\d+)\s+gid=(\d+)/) {
+	    # Compare recorded perms to actual perms in the working dir
+	    my ($path, $mode, $uid, $gid) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+	    my $fullpath = $topdir . $path;
+	    my (undef,undef,$wmode,undef,$wuid,$wgid) = lstat($fullpath);
+	    $wmode = sprintf "%04o", $wmode & 07777;
+	    if ($mode ne $wmode) {
+		$verbose && print "Updating permissions on $path: old=$wmode, new=$mode\n";
+		chmod oct($mode), $fullpath;
+	    }
+	    if ($uid != $wuid || $gid != $wgid) {
+		if ($verbose) {
+		    # Print out user/group names instead of uid/gid
+		    my $pwname  = getpwuid($uid);
+		    my $grpname  = getgrgid($gid);
+		    my $wpwname  = getpwuid($wuid);
+		    my $wgrpname  = getgrgid($wgid);
+		    $pwname = $uid if !defined $pwname;
+		    $grpname = $gid if !defined $grpname;
+		    $wpwname = $wuid if !defined $wpwname;
+		    $wgrpname = $wgid if !defined $wgrpname;
+
+		    print "Updating uid/gid on $path: old=$wpwname/$wgrpname, new=$pwname/$grpname\n";
+		}
+		chown $uid, $gid, $fullpath;
+	    }
+	}
+	else {
+	    warn "Invalid input format in $gitmeta:\n\t$_\n";
+	}
+    }
+    close IN;
+}
+elsif ($read_mode) {
+    # Handle merge conflicts in the .gitperms file
+    if (-e "$gitdir/MERGE_MSG") {
+	if (`grep ====== $gitmeta`) {
+	    # Conflict not resolved -- abort the commit
+	    print "PERMISSIONS/OWNERSHIP CONFLICT\n";
+	    print "    Resolve the conflict in the $gitmeta file and then run\n";
+	    print "    `.git/hooks/setgitperms.perl --write` to reconcile.\n";
+	    exit 1;
+	}
+	elsif (`grep $gitmeta $gitdir/MERGE_MSG`) {
+	    # A conflict in .gitmeta has been manually resolved. Verify that
+	    # the working dir perms matches the current .gitmeta perms for
+	    # each file/dir that conflicted.
+	    # This is here because a `setgitperms.perl --write` was not
+	    # performed due to a merge conflict, so permissions/ownership
+	    # may not be consistent with the manually merged .gitmeta file.
+	    my @conflict_diff = `git show \$(cat $gitdir/MERGE_HEAD)`;
+	    my @conflict_files;
+	    my $metadiff = 0;
+
+	    # Build a list of files that conflicted from the .gitmeta diff
+	    foreach my $line (@conflict_diff) {
+		if ($line =~ m|^diff --git a/$gitmeta b/$gitmeta|) {
+		    $metadiff = 1;
+		}
+		elsif ($line =~ /^diff --git/) {
+		    $metadiff = 0;
+		}
+		elsif ($metadiff && $line =~ /^\+(.*)  mode=/) {
+		    push @conflict_files, $1;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    # Verify that each conflict file now has permissions consistent
+	    # with the .gitmeta file
+	    foreach my $file (@conflict_files) {
+		my $absfile = $topdir . $file;
+		my $gm_entry = `grep "^$file  mode=" $gitmeta`;
+		if ($gm_entry =~ /mode=(\d+)  uid=(\d+)  gid=(\d+)/) {
+		    my ($gm_mode, $gm_uid, $gm_gid) = ($1, $2, $3);
+		    my (undef,undef,$mode,undef,$uid,$gid) = lstat("$absfile");
+		    $mode = sprintf("%04o", $mode & 07777);
+		    if (($gm_mode ne $mode) || ($gm_uid != $uid)
+			|| ($gm_gid != $gid)) {
+			print "PERMISSIONS/OWNERSHIP CONFLICT\n";
+			print "    Mismatch found for file: $file\n";
+			print "    Run `.git/hooks/setgitperms.perl --write` to reconcile.\n";
+			exit 1;
+		    }
+		}
+		else {
+		    print "Warning! Permissions/ownership no longer being tracked for file: $file\n";
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    # No merge conflicts -- write out perms/ownership data to .gitmeta file
+    unless ($stdout) {
+	open (OUT, ">$gitmeta.tmp") or die "Could not open $gitmeta.tmp for writing: $!\n";
+    }
+
+    my @files = `git ls-files`;
+    my %dirs;
+
+    foreach my $path (@files) {
+	chomp $path;
+	# We have to manually add stats for parent directories
+	my $parent = dirname($path);
+	while (!exists $dirs{$parent}) {
+	    $dirs{$parent} = 1;
+	    next if $parent eq '.';
+	    printstats($parent);
+	    $parent = dirname($parent);
+	}
+	# Now the git-tracked file
+	printstats($path);
+    }
+
+    # diff the temporary metadata file to see if anything has changed
+    # If no metadata has changed, don't overwrite the real file
+    # This is just so `git commit -a` doesn't try to commit a bogus update
+    unless ($stdout) {
+	if (! -e $gitmeta) {
+	    rename "$gitmeta.tmp", $gitmeta;
+	}
+	else {
+	    my $diff = `diff -U 0 $gitmeta $gitmeta.tmp`;
+	    if ($diff ne '') {
+		rename "$gitmeta.tmp", $gitmeta;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		unlink "$gitmeta.tmp";
+	    }
+	    if ($showdiff) {
+		print $diff;
+	    }
+	}
+	close OUT;
+    }
+    # Make sure the .gitmeta file is tracked
+    system("git add $gitmeta");
+}
+
+
+sub printstats {
+    my $path = $_[0];
+    $path =~ s/@/\@/g;
+    my (undef,undef,$mode,undef,$uid,$gid) = lstat($path);
+    $path =~ s/%/\%/g;
+    if ($stdout) {
+	print $path;
+	printf "  mode=%04o  uid=$uid  gid=$gid\n", $mode & 07777;
+    }
+    else {
+	print OUT $path;
+	printf OUT "  mode=%04o  uid=$uid  gid=$gid\n", $mode & 07777;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/update-paranoid b/contrib/hooks/update-paranoid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d18b317b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/update-paranoid
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use File::Spec;
+
+$ENV{PATH}     = '/opt/git/bin';
+my $acl_git    = '/vcs/acls.git';
+my $acl_branch = 'refs/heads/master';
+my $debug      = 0;
+
+=doc
+Invoked as: update refname old-sha1 new-sha1
+
+This script is run by git-receive-pack once for each ref that the
+client is trying to modify.  If we exit with a non-zero exit value
+then the update for that particular ref is denied, but updates for
+other refs in the same run of receive-pack may still be allowed.
+
+We are run after the objects have been uploaded, but before the
+ref is actually modified.  We take advantage of that fact when we
+look for "new" commits and tags (the new objects won't show up in
+`rev-list --all`).
+
+This script loads and parses the content of the config file
+"users/$this_user.acl" from the $acl_branch commit of $acl_git ODB.
+The acl file is a git-config style file, but uses a slightly more
+restricted syntax as the Perl parser contained within this script
+is not nearly as permissive as git-config.
+
+Example:
+
+  [user]
+    committer = John Doe <john.doe@example.com>
+    committer = John R. Doe <john.doe@example.com>
+
+  [repository "acls"]
+    allow = heads/master
+    allow = CDUR for heads/jd/
+    allow = C    for ^tags/v\\d+$
+
+For all new commit or tag objects the committer (or tagger) line
+within the object must exactly match one of the user.committer
+values listed in the acl file ("HEAD:users/$this_user.acl").
+
+For a branch to be modified an allow line within the matching
+repository section must be matched for both the refname and the
+opcode.
+
+Repository sections are matched on the basename of the repository
+(after removing the .git suffix).
+
+The opcode abbrevations are:
+
+  C: create new ref
+  D: delete existing ref
+  U: fast-forward existing ref (no commit loss)
+  R: rewind/rebase existing ref (commit loss)
+
+if no opcodes are listed before the "for" keyword then "U" (for
+fast-forward update only) is assumed as this is the most common
+usage.
+
+Refnames are matched by always assuming a prefix of "refs/".
+This hook forbids pushing or deleting anything not under "refs/".
+
+Refnames that start with ^ are Perl regular expressions, and the ^
+is kept as part of the regexp.  \\ is needed to get just one \, so
+\\d expands to \d in Perl.  The 3rd allow line above is an example.
+
+Refnames that don't start with ^ but that end with / are prefix
+matches (2nd allow line above); all other refnames are strict
+equality matches (1st allow line).
+
+Anything pushed to "heads/" (ok, really "refs/heads/") must be
+a commit.  Tags are not permitted here.
+
+Anything pushed to "tags/" (err, really "refs/tags/") must be an
+annotated tag.  Commits, blobs, trees, etc. are not permitted here.
+Annotated tag signatures aren't checked, nor are they required.
+
+The special subrepository of 'info/new-commit-check' can
+be created and used to allow users to push new commits and
+tags from another local repository to this one, even if they
+aren't the committer/tagger of those objects.  In a nut shell
+the info/new-commit-check directory is a Git repository whose
+objects/info/alternates file lists this repository and all other
+possible sources, and whose refs subdirectory contains symlinks
+to this repository's refs subdirectory, and to all other possible
+sources refs subdirectories.  Yes, this means that you cannot
+use packed-refs in those repositories as they won't be resolved
+correctly.
+
+=cut
+
+my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+my $new_commit_check = "$git_dir/info/new-commit-check";
+my $ref = $ARGV[0];
+my $old = $ARGV[1];
+my $new = $ARGV[2];
+my $new_type;
+my ($this_user) = getpwuid $<; # REAL_USER_ID
+my $repository_name;
+my %user_committer;
+my @allow_rules;
+my @path_rules;
+my %diff_cache;
+
+sub deny ($) {
+	print STDERR "-Deny-    $_[0]\n" if $debug;
+	print STDERR "\ndenied: $_[0]\n\n";
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub grant ($) {
+	print STDERR "-Grant-   $_[0]\n" if $debug;
+	exit 0;
+}
+
+sub info ($) {
+	print STDERR "-Info-    $_[0]\n" if $debug;
+}
+
+sub git_value (@) {
+	open(T,'-|','git',@_); local $_ = <T>; chop; close T; $_;
+}
+
+sub match_string ($$) {
+	my ($acl_n, $ref) = @_;
+	   ($acl_n eq $ref)
+	|| ($acl_n =~ m,/$, && substr($ref,0,length $acl_n) eq $acl_n)
+	|| ($acl_n =~ m,^\^, && $ref =~ m:$acl_n:);
+}
+
+sub parse_config ($$$$) {
+	my $data = shift;
+	local $ENV{GIT_DIR} = shift;
+	my $br = shift;
+	my $fn = shift;
+	return unless git_value('rev-list','--max-count=1',$br,'--',$fn);
+	info "Loading $br:$fn";
+	open(I,'-|','git','cat-file','blob',"$br:$fn");
+	my $section = '';
+	while (<I>) {
+		chomp;
+		if (/^\s*$/ || /^\s*#/) {
+		} elsif (/^\[([a-z]+)\]$/i) {
+			$section = lc $1;
+		} elsif (/^\[([a-z]+)\s+"(.*)"\]$/i) {
+			$section = join('.',lc $1,$2);
+		} elsif (/^\s*([a-z][a-z0-9]+)\s*=\s*(.*?)\s*$/i) {
+			push @{$data->{join('.',$section,lc $1)}}, $2;
+		} else {
+			deny "bad config file line $. in $br:$fn";
+		}
+	}
+	close I;
+}
+
+sub all_new_committers () {
+	local $ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $new_commit_check if -d $new_commit_check;
+
+	info "Getting committers of new commits.";
+	my %used;
+	open(T,'-|','git','rev-list','--pretty=raw',$new,'--not','--all');
+	while (<T>) {
+		next unless s/^committer //;
+		chop;
+		s/>.*$/>/;
+		info "Found $_." unless $used{$_}++;
+	}
+	close T;
+	info "No new commits." unless %used;
+	keys %used;
+}
+
+sub all_new_taggers () {
+	my %exists;
+	open(T,'-|','git','for-each-ref','--format=%(objectname)','refs/tags');
+	while (<T>) {
+		chop;
+		$exists{$_} = 1;
+	}
+	close T;
+
+	info "Getting taggers of new tags.";
+	my %used;
+	my $obj = $new;
+	my $obj_type = $new_type;
+	while ($obj_type eq 'tag') {
+		last if $exists{$obj};
+		$obj_type = '';
+		open(T,'-|','git','cat-file','tag',$obj);
+		while (<T>) {
+			chop;
+			if (/^object ([a-z0-9]{40})$/) {
+				$obj = $1;
+			} elsif (/^type (.+)$/) {
+				$obj_type = $1;
+			} elsif (s/^tagger //) {
+				s/>.*$/>/;
+				info "Found $_." unless $used{$_}++;
+				last;
+			}
+		}
+		close T;
+	}
+	info "No new tags." unless %used;
+	keys %used;
+}
+
+sub check_committers (@) {
+	my @bad;
+	foreach (@_) { push @bad, $_ unless $user_committer{$_}; }
+	if (@bad) {
+		print STDERR "\n";
+		print STDERR "You are not $_.\n" foreach (sort @bad);
+		deny "You cannot push changes not committed by you.";
+	}
+}
+
+sub load_diff ($) {
+	my $base = shift;
+	my $d = $diff_cache{$base};
+	unless ($d) {
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		my %this_diff;
+		if ($base =~ /^0{40}$/) {
+			# Don't load the diff at all; we are making the
+			# branch and have no base to compare to in this
+			# case.  A file level ACL makes no sense in this
+			# context.  Having an empty diff will allow the
+			# branch creation.
+			#
+		} else {
+			open(T,'-|','git','diff-tree',
+				'-r','--name-status','-z',
+				$base,$new) or return undef;
+			while (<T>) {
+				my $op = $_;
+				chop $op;
+
+				my $path = <T>;
+				chop $path;
+
+				$this_diff{$path} = $op;
+			}
+			close T or return undef;
+		}
+		$d = \%this_diff;
+		$diff_cache{$base} = $d;
+	}
+	return $d;
+}
+
+deny "No GIT_DIR inherited from caller" unless $git_dir;
+deny "Need a ref name" unless $ref;
+deny "Refusing funny ref $ref" unless $ref =~ s,^refs/,,;
+deny "Bad old value $old" unless $old =~ /^[a-z0-9]{40}$/;
+deny "Bad new value $new" unless $new =~ /^[a-z0-9]{40}$/;
+deny "Cannot determine who you are." unless $this_user;
+grant "No change requested." if $old eq $new;
+
+$repository_name = File::Spec->rel2abs($git_dir);
+$repository_name =~ m,/([^/]+)(?:\.git|/\.git)$,;
+$repository_name = $1;
+info "Updating in '$repository_name'.";
+
+my $op;
+if    ($old =~ /^0{40}$/) { $op = 'C'; }
+elsif ($new =~ /^0{40}$/) { $op = 'D'; }
+else                      { $op = 'R'; }
+
+# This is really an update (fast-forward) if the
+# merge base of $old and $new is $old.
+#
+$op = 'U' if ($op eq 'R'
+	&& $ref =~ m,^heads/,
+	&& $old eq git_value('merge-base',$old,$new));
+
+# Load the user's ACL file. Expand groups (user.memberof) one level.
+{
+	my %data = ('user.committer' => []);
+	parse_config(\%data,$acl_git,$acl_branch,"external/$repository_name.acl");
+
+	%data = (
+		'user.committer' => $data{'user.committer'},
+		'user.memberof' => [],
+	);
+	parse_config(\%data,$acl_git,$acl_branch,"users/$this_user.acl");
+
+	%user_committer = map {$_ => $_} @{$data{'user.committer'}};
+	my $rule_key = "repository.$repository_name.allow";
+	my $rules = $data{$rule_key} || [];
+
+	foreach my $group (@{$data{'user.memberof'}}) {
+		my %g;
+		parse_config(\%g,$acl_git,$acl_branch,"groups/$group.acl");
+		my $group_rules = $g{$rule_key};
+		push @$rules, @$group_rules if $group_rules;
+	}
+
+RULE:
+	foreach (@$rules) {
+		while (/\${user\.([a-z][a-zA-Z0-9]+)}/) {
+			my $k = lc $1;
+			my $v = $data{"user.$k"};
+			next RULE unless defined $v;
+			next RULE if @$v != 1;
+			next RULE unless defined $v->[0];
+			s/\${user\.$k}/$v->[0]/g;
+		}
+
+		if (/^([AMD ]+)\s+of\s+([^\s]+)\s+for\s+([^\s]+)\s+diff\s+([^\s]+)$/) {
+			my ($ops, $pth, $ref, $bst) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+			$ops =~ s/ //g;
+			$pth =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			$ref =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			push @path_rules, [$ops, $pth, $ref, $bst];
+		} elsif (/^([AMD ]+)\s+of\s+([^\s]+)\s+for\s+([^\s]+)$/) {
+			my ($ops, $pth, $ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
+			$ops =~ s/ //g;
+			$pth =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			$ref =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			push @path_rules, [$ops, $pth, $ref, $old];
+		} elsif (/^([CDRU ]+)\s+for\s+([^\s]+)$/) {
+			my $ops = $1;
+			my $ref = $2;
+			$ops =~ s/ //g;
+			$ref =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			push @allow_rules, [$ops, $ref];
+		} elsif (/^for\s+([^\s]+)$/) {
+			# Mentioned, but nothing granted?
+		} elsif (/^[^\s]+$/) {
+			s/\\\\/\\/g;
+			push @allow_rules, ['U', $_];
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+if ($op ne 'D') {
+	$new_type = git_value('cat-file','-t',$new);
+
+	if ($ref =~ m,^heads/,) {
+		deny "$ref must be a commit." unless $new_type eq 'commit';
+	} elsif ($ref =~ m,^tags/,) {
+		deny "$ref must be an annotated tag." unless $new_type eq 'tag';
+	}
+
+	check_committers (all_new_committers);
+	check_committers (all_new_taggers) if $new_type eq 'tag';
+}
+
+info "$this_user wants $op for $ref";
+foreach my $acl_entry (@allow_rules) {
+	my ($acl_ops, $acl_n) = @$acl_entry;
+	next unless $acl_ops =~ /^[CDRU]+$/; # Uhh.... shouldn't happen.
+	next unless $acl_n;
+	next unless $op =~ /^[$acl_ops]$/;
+	next unless match_string $acl_n, $ref;
+
+	# Don't test path rules on branch deletes.
+	#
+	grant "Allowed by: $acl_ops for $acl_n" if $op eq 'D';
+
+	# Aggregate matching path rules; allow if there aren't
+	# any matching this ref.
+	#
+	my %pr;
+	foreach my $p_entry (@path_rules) {
+		my ($p_ops, $p_n, $p_ref, $p_bst) = @$p_entry;
+		next unless $p_ref;
+		push @{$pr{$p_bst}}, $p_entry if match_string $p_ref, $ref;
+	}
+	grant "Allowed by: $acl_ops for $acl_n" unless %pr;
+
+	# Allow only if all changes against a single base are
+	# allowed by file path rules.
+	#
+	my @bad;
+	foreach my $p_bst (keys %pr) {
+		my $diff_ref = load_diff $p_bst;
+		deny "Cannot difference trees." unless ref $diff_ref;
+
+		my %fd = %$diff_ref;
+		foreach my $p_entry (@{$pr{$p_bst}}) {
+			my ($p_ops, $p_n, $p_ref, $p_bst) = @$p_entry;
+			next unless $p_ops =~ /^[AMD]+$/;
+			next unless $p_n;
+
+			foreach my $f_n (keys %fd) {
+				my $f_op = $fd{$f_n};
+				next unless $f_op;
+				next unless $f_op =~ /^[$p_ops]$/;
+				delete $fd{$f_n} if match_string $p_n, $f_n;
+			}
+			last unless %fd;
+		}
+
+		if (%fd) {
+			push @bad, [$p_bst, \%fd];
+		} else {
+			# All changes relative to $p_bst were allowed.
+			#
+			grant "Allowed by: $acl_ops for $acl_n diff $p_bst";
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach my $bad_ref (@bad) {
+		my ($p_bst, $fd) = @$bad_ref;
+		print STDERR "\n";
+		print STDERR "Not allowed to make the following changes:\n";
+		print STDERR "(base: $p_bst)\n";
+		foreach my $f_n (sort keys %$fd) {
+			print STDERR "  $fd->{$f_n} $f_n\n";
+		}
+	}
+	deny "You are not permitted to $op $ref";
+}
+close A;
+deny "You are not permitted to $op $ref";
diff --git a/contrib/p4import/README b/contrib/p4import/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9892b6793
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/p4import/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Please see contrib/fast-import/git-p4 for a better Perforce importer.
diff --git a/git-p4import.py b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
index 60a758bfe3..0f3d97b67e 100644
--- a/git-p4import.py
+++ b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
@@ -358,4 +358,3 @@ for id in changes:
     if stitch == 1:
         git.clean_directories()
         stitch = 0
-
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4import.txt b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.txt
index 6edb9f12b8..9967587fe6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4import.txt
+++ b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ git-p4import - Import a Perforce repository into git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-`git-p4import` [-q|-v] [--notags] [--authors <file>] [-t <timezone>] <//p4repo/path> <branch>
-
+[verse]
+`git-p4import` [-q|-v] [--notags] [--authors <file>] [-t <timezone>]
+               <//p4repo/path> <branch>
 `git-p4import` --stitch <//p4repo/path>
-
 `git-p4import`
 
 
@@ -165,4 +165,3 @@ Written by Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
-
diff --git a/contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch b/contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2b08b4f4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: Ismail Dönmez <ismail@pardus.org.tr>
+
+Trying to build the documentation with docbook-xsl 1.73 may result in
+the following error.  This patch fixes it.
+
+$ xmlto -m callouts.xsl man git-add.xml
+runtime error: file
+file:///usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets-1.73.0/manpages/other.xsl line
+129 element call-template
+The called template 'read-character-map' was not found.
+
+--- docbook-xsl-1.73.0/manpages/docbook.xsl.manpages-charmap	2007-07-23 16:24:23.000000000 +0100
++++ docbook-xsl-1.73.0/manpages/docbook.xsl	2007-07-23 16:25:16.000000000 +0100
+@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
+   <xsl:include href="lists.xsl"/>
+   <xsl:include href="endnotes.xsl"/>
+   <xsl:include href="table.xsl"/>
++  <xsl:include href="../common/charmap.xsl"/>
+
+   <!-- * we rename the following just to avoid using params with "man" -->
+   <!-- * prefixes in the table.xsl stylesheet (because that stylesheet -->
diff --git a/contrib/remotes2config.sh b/contrib/remotes2config.sh
index dc09eae972..1cda19f66a 100644..100755
--- a/contrib/remotes2config.sh
+++ b/contrib/remotes2config.sh
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ if [ -d "$GIT_DIR"/remotes ]; then
 	{
 		cd "$GIT_DIR"/remotes
 		ls | while read f; do
-			name=$(printf "$f" | tr -c "A-Za-z0-9" ".")
+			name=$(printf "$f" | tr -c "A-Za-z0-9-" ".")
 			sed -n \
-			-e "s/^URL: \(.*\)$/remote.$name.url \1 ./p" \
-			-e "s/^Pull: \(.*\)$/remote.$name.fetch \1 ^$ /p" \
-			-e "s/^Push: \(.*\)$/remote.$name.push \1 ^$ /p" \
+			-e "s/^URL:[ 	]*\(.*\)$/remote.$name.url \1 ./p" \
+			-e "s/^Pull:[ 	]*\(.*\)$/remote.$name.fetch \1 ^$ /p" \
+			-e "s/^Push:[ 	]*\(.*\)$/remote.$name.push \1 ^$ /p" \
 			< "$f"
 		done
 		echo done
@@ -26,10 +26,8 @@ if [ -d "$GIT_DIR"/remotes ]; then
 				mv "$GIT_DIR"/remotes "$GIT_DIR"/remotes.old
 			fi ;;
 		*)
-			echo "git-config $key "$value" $regex"
-			git-config $key "$value" $regex || error=1 ;;
+			echo "git config $key "$value" $regex"
+			git config $key "$value" $regex || error=1 ;;
 		esac
 	done
 fi
-
-
diff --git a/contrib/rerere-train.sh b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2cfe1b936b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2008, Nanako Shiraishi
+# Prime rerere database from existing merge commits
+
+me=rerere-train
+USAGE="$me rev-list-args"
+
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
+. git-sh-setup
+require_work_tree
+cd_to_toplevel
+
+# Remember original branch
+branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD) ||
+original_HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || {
+	echo >&2 "Not on any branch and no commit yet?"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache" || exit
+
+git rev-list --parents "$@" |
+while read commit parent1 other_parents
+do
+	if test -z "$other_parents"
+	then
+		# Skip non-merges
+		continue
+	fi
+	git checkout -q "$parent1^0"
+	if git merge $other_parents >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		# Cleanly merges
+		continue
+	fi
+	if test -s "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
+	then
+		git show -s --pretty=format:"Learning from %h %s" "$commit"
+		git rerere
+		git checkout -q $commit -- .
+		git rerere
+	fi
+	git reset -q --hard
+done
+
+if test -z "$branch"
+then
+	git checkout "$original_HEAD"
+else
+	git checkout "${branch#refs/heads/}"
+fi
diff --git a/contrib/stats/git-common-hash b/contrib/stats/git-common-hash
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e27fd088be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/stats/git-common-hash
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# This script displays the distribution of longest common hash prefixes.
+# This can be used to determine the minimum prefix length to use
+# for object names to be unique.
+
+git rev-list --objects --all | sort | perl -lne '
+  substr($_, 40) = "";
+  # uncomment next line for a distribution of bits instead of hex chars
+  # $_ = unpack("B*",pack("H*",$_));
+  if (defined $p) {
+    ($p ^ $_) =~ /^(\0*)/;
+    $common = length $1;
+    if (defined $pcommon) {
+      $count[$pcommon > $common ? $pcommon : $common]++;
+    } else {
+      $count[$common]++; # first item
+    }
+  }
+  $p = $_;
+  $pcommon = $common;
+  END {
+    $count[$common]++; # last item
+    print "$_: $count[$_]" for 0..$#count;
+  }
+'
diff --git a/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl b/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4b852e2455
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+my %mailmap = ();
+open I, "<", ".mailmap";
+while (<I>) {
+	chomp;
+	next if /^#/;
+	if (my ($author, $mail) = /^(.*?)\s+<(.+)>$/) {
+		$mailmap{$mail} = $author;
+	}
+}
+close I;
+
+my %mail2author = ();
+open I, "git log --pretty='format:%ae	%an' |";
+while (<I>) {
+	chomp;
+	my ($mail, $author) = split(/\t/, $_);
+	next if exists $mailmap{$mail};
+	$mail2author{$mail} ||= {};
+	$mail2author{$mail}{$author} ||= 0;
+	$mail2author{$mail}{$author}++;
+}
+close I;
+
+while (my ($mail, $authorcount) = each %mail2author) {
+	# %$authorcount is ($author => $count);
+	# sort and show the names from the most frequent ones.
+	my @names = (map { $_->[0] }
+		sort { $b->[1] <=> $a->[1] }
+		map { [$_, $authorcount->{$_}] }
+		keys %$authorcount);
+	if (1 < @names) {
+		for (@names) {
+			print "$_ <$mail>\n";
+		}
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/contrib/stats/packinfo.pl b/contrib/stats/packinfo.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..be188c0f11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/stats/packinfo.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# This tool will print vaguely pretty information about a pack.  It
+# expects the output of "git verify-pack -v" as input on stdin.
+#
+# $ git verify-pack -v | packinfo.pl
+#
+# This prints some full-pack statistics; currently "all sizes", "all
+# path sizes", "tree sizes", "tree path sizes", and "depths".
+#
+# * "all sizes" stats are across every object size in the file;
+#   full sizes for base objects, and delta size for deltas.
+# * "all path sizes" stats are across all object's "path sizes".
+#   A path size is the sum of the size of the delta chain, including the
+#   base object.  In other words, it's how many bytes need be read to
+#   reassemble the file from deltas.
+# * "tree sizes" are object sizes grouped into delta trees.
+# * "tree path sizes" are path sizes grouped into delta trees.
+# * "depths" should be obvious.
+#
+# When run as:
+#
+# $ git verify-pack -v | packinfo.pl -tree
+#
+# the trees of objects are output along with the stats.  This looks
+# like:
+#
+#   0 commit 031321c6...      803      803
+#
+#   0   blob 03156f21...     1767     1767
+#   1    blob f52a9d7f...       10     1777
+#   2     blob a8cc5739...       51     1828
+#   3      blob 660e90b1...       15     1843
+#   4       blob 0cb8e3bb...       33     1876
+#   2     blob e48607f0...      311     2088
+#      size: count 6 total 2187 min 10 max 1767 mean 364.50 median 51 std_dev 635.85
+# path size: count 6 total 11179 min 1767 max 2088 mean 1863.17 median 1843 std_dev 107.26
+#
+# The first number after the sha1 is the object size, the second
+# number is the path size.  The statistics are across all objects in
+# the previous delta tree.  Obviously they are omitted for trees of
+# one object.
+#
+# When run as:
+#
+# $ git verify-pack -v | packinfo.pl -tree -filenames
+#
+# it adds filenames to the tree.  Getting this information is slow:
+#
+#   0   blob 03156f21...     1767     1767 Documentation/git-lost-found.txt @ tags/v1.2.0~142
+#   1    blob f52a9d7f...       10     1777 Documentation/git-lost-found.txt @ tags/v1.5.0-rc1~74
+#   2     blob a8cc5739...       51     1828 Documentation/git-lost+found.txt @ tags/v0.99.9h^0
+#   3      blob 660e90b1...       15     1843 Documentation/git-lost+found.txt @ master~3222^2~2
+#   4       blob 0cb8e3bb...       33     1876 Documentation/git-lost+found.txt @ master~3222^2~3
+#   2     blob e48607f0...      311     2088 Documentation/git-lost-found.txt @ tags/v1.5.2-rc3~4
+#      size: count 6 total 2187 min 10 max 1767 mean 364.50 median 51 std_dev 635.85
+# path size: count 6 total 11179 min 1767 max 2088 mean 1863.17 median 1843 std_dev 107.26
+#
+# When run as:
+#
+# $ git verify-pack -v | packinfo.pl -dump
+#
+# it prints out "sha1 size pathsize depth" for each sha1 in lexical
+# order.
+#
+# 000079a2eaef17b7eae70e1f0f635557ea67b644 30 472 7
+# 00013cafe6980411aa6fdd940784917b5ff50f0a 44 1542 4
+# 000182eacf99cde27d5916aa415921924b82972c 499 499 0
+# ...
+#
+# This is handy for comparing two packs.  Adding "-filenames" will add
+# filenames, as per "-tree -filenames" above.
+
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $filenames = 0;
+my $tree = 0;
+my $dump = 0;
+GetOptions("tree" => \$tree,
+           "filenames" => \$filenames,
+           "dump" => \$dump);
+
+my %parents;
+my %children;
+my %sizes;
+my @roots;
+my %paths;
+my %types;
+my @commits;
+my %names;
+my %depths;
+my @depths;
+
+while (<STDIN>) {
+    my ($sha1, $type, $size, $space, $offset, $depth, $parent) = split(/\s+/, $_);
+    next unless ($sha1 =~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/);
+    $depths{$sha1} = $depth || 0;
+    push(@depths, $depth || 0);
+    push(@commits, $sha1) if ($type eq 'commit');
+    push(@roots, $sha1) unless $parent;
+    $parents{$sha1} = $parent;
+    $types{$sha1} = $type;
+    push(@{$children{$parent}}, $sha1);
+    $sizes{$sha1} = $size;
+}
+
+if ($filenames && ($tree || $dump)) {
+    open(NAMES, "git name-rev --all|");
+    while (<NAMES>) {
+        if (/^(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
+            my ($sha1, $name) = ($1, $2);
+            $names{$sha1} = $name;
+        }
+    }
+    close NAMES;
+
+    for my $commit (@commits) {
+        my $name = $names{$commit};
+        open(TREE, "git ls-tree -t -r $commit|");
+        print STDERR "Plumbing tree $name\n";
+        while (<TREE>) {
+            if (/^(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
+                my ($mode, $type, $sha1, $path) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+                $paths{$sha1} = "$path @ $name";
+            }
+        }
+        close TREE;
+    }
+}
+
+sub stats {
+    my @data = sort {$a <=> $b} @_;
+    my $min = $data[0];
+    my $max = $data[$#data];
+    my $total = 0;
+    my $count = scalar @data;
+    for my $datum (@data) {
+        $total += $datum;
+    }
+    my $mean = $total / $count;
+    my $median = $data[int(@data / 2)];
+    my $diff_sum = 0;
+    for my $datum (@data) {
+        $diff_sum += ($datum - $mean)**2;
+    }
+    my $std_dev = sqrt($diff_sum / $count);
+    return ($count, $total, $min, $max, $mean, $median, $std_dev);
+}
+
+sub print_stats {
+    my $name = shift;
+    my ($count, $total, $min, $max, $mean, $median, $std_dev) = stats(@_);
+    printf("%s: count %s total %s min %s max %s mean %.2f median %s std_dev %.2f\n",
+           $name, $count, $total, $min, $max, $mean, $median, $std_dev);
+}
+
+my @sizes;
+my @path_sizes;
+my @all_sizes;
+my @all_path_sizes;
+my %path_sizes;
+
+sub dig {
+    my ($sha1, $depth, $path_size) = @_;
+    $path_size += $sizes{$sha1};
+    push(@sizes, $sizes{$sha1});
+    push(@all_sizes, $sizes{$sha1});
+    push(@path_sizes, $path_size);
+    push(@all_path_sizes, $path_size);
+    $path_sizes{$sha1} = $path_size;
+    if ($tree) {
+        printf("%3d%s %6s %s %8d %8d %s\n",
+               $depth, (" " x $depth), $types{$sha1},
+               $sha1, $sizes{$sha1}, $path_size, $paths{$sha1});
+    }
+    for my $child (@{$children{$sha1}}) {
+        dig($child, $depth + 1, $path_size);
+    }
+}
+
+my @tree_sizes;
+my @tree_path_sizes;
+
+for my $root (@roots) {
+    undef @sizes;
+    undef @path_sizes;
+    dig($root, 0, 0);
+    my ($aa, $sz_total) = stats(@sizes);
+    my ($bb, $psz_total) = stats(@path_sizes);
+    push(@tree_sizes, $sz_total);
+    push(@tree_path_sizes, $psz_total);
+    if ($tree) {
+        if (@sizes > 1) {
+            print_stats("     size", @sizes);
+            print_stats("path size", @path_sizes);
+        }
+        print "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+if ($dump) {
+    for my $sha1 (sort keys %sizes) {
+        print "$sha1 $sizes{$sha1} $path_sizes{$sha1} $depths{$sha1} $paths{$sha1}\n";
+    }
+} else {
+    print_stats("      all sizes", @all_sizes);
+    print_stats(" all path sizes", @all_path_sizes);
+    print_stats("     tree sizes", @tree_sizes);
+    print_stats("tree path sizes", @tree_path_sizes);
+    print_stats("         depths", @depths);
+}
diff --git a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..000147bbe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+appp.sh is a script that is supposed to be used together with ExternalEditor
+for Mozilla Thunderbird. It will let you include patches inline in e-mails
+in an easy way.
+
+Usage:
+- Generate the patch with git format-patch.
+- Start writing a new e-mail in Thunderbird.
+- Press the external editor button (or Ctrl-E) to run appp.sh
+- Select the previously generated patch file.
+- Finish editing the e-mail.
+
+Any text that is entered into the message editor before appp.sh is called
+will be moved to the section between the --- and the diffstat.
+
+All S-O-B:s and Cc:s in the patch will be added to the CC list.
+
+To set it up, just install External Editor and tell it to use appp.sh as the
+editor.
+
+Zenity is a required dependency.
diff --git a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cc518f3c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright 2008 Lukas Sandström <luksan@gmail.com>
+#
+# AppendPatch - A script to be used together with ExternalEditor
+# for Mozilla Thunderbird to properly include pathes inline i e-mails.
+
+# ExternalEditor can be downloaded at http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=2
+
+CONFFILE=~/.appprc
+
+SEP="-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=# Don't remove this line #=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-"
+if [ -e "$CONFFILE" ] ; then
+	LAST_DIR=`grep -m 1 "^LAST_DIR=" "${CONFFILE}"|sed -e 's/^LAST_DIR=//'`
+	cd "${LAST_DIR}"
+else
+	cd > /dev/null
+fi
+
+PATCH=$(zenity --file-selection)
+
+if [ "$?" != "0" ] ; then
+	#zenity --error --text "No patchfile given."
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+cd - > /dev/null
+
+SUBJECT=`sed -n -e '/^Subject: /p' "${PATCH}"`
+HEADERS=`sed -e '/^'"${SEP}"'$/,$d' $1`
+BODY=`sed -e "1,/${SEP}/d" $1`
+CMT_MSG=`sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e '/^---$/,$d' "${PATCH}"`
+DIFF=`sed -e '1,/^---$/d' "${PATCH}"`
+
+CCS=`echo -e "$CMT_MSG\n$HEADERS" | sed -n -e 's/^Cc: \(.*\)$/\1,/gp' \
+	-e 's/^Signed-off-by: \(.*\)/\1,/gp'`
+
+echo "$SUBJECT" > $1
+echo "Cc: $CCS" >> $1
+echo "$HEADERS" | sed -e '/^Subject: /d' -e '/^Cc: /d' >> $1
+echo "$SEP" >> $1
+
+echo "$CMT_MSG" >> $1
+echo "---" >> $1
+if [ "x${BODY}x" != "xx" ] ; then
+	echo >> $1
+	echo "$BODY" >> $1
+	echo >> $1
+fi
+echo "$DIFF" >> $1
+
+LAST_DIR=`dirname "${PATCH}"`
+
+grep -v "^LAST_DIR=" "${CONFFILE}" > "${CONFFILE}_"
+echo "LAST_DIR=${LAST_DIR}" >> "${CONFFILE}_"
+mv "${CONFFILE}_" "${CONFFILE}"
diff --git a/contrib/vim/README b/contrib/vim/README
index 9e7881fea9..fca1e17251 100644
--- a/contrib/vim/README
+++ b/contrib/vim/README
@@ -1,8 +1,32 @@
-To syntax highlight git's commit messages, you need to:
-  1. Copy syntax/gitcommit.vim to vim's syntax directory:
-     $ mkdir -p $HOME/.vim/syntax
-     $ cp syntax/gitcommit.vim $HOME/.vim/syntax
-  2. Auto-detect the editing of git commit files:
-     $ cat >>$HOME/.vimrc <<'EOF'
-     autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead COMMIT_EDITMSG set filetype=gitcommit
-     EOF
+Syntax highlighting for git commit messages, config files, etc. is
+included with the vim distribution as of vim 7.2, and should work
+automatically.
+
+If you have an older version of vim, you can get the latest syntax
+files from the vim project:
+
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/git.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitcommit.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitconfig.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitrebase.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitsendemail.vim
+
+These files are also available via FTP at the same location.
+
+To install:
+
+  1. Copy these files to vim's syntax directory $HOME/.vim/syntax
+  2. To auto-detect the editing of various git-related filetypes:
+	$ cat >>$HOME/.vim/filetype.vim <<'EOF'
+	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/COMMIT_EDITMSG    setf gitcommit
+	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/config,.gitconfig setf gitconfig
+	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead git-rebase-todo         setf gitrebase
+	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead .msg.[0-9]*
+		\ if getline(1) =~ '^From.*# This line is ignored.$' |
+		\   setf gitsendemail |
+		\ endif
+	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/**
+		\ if getline(1) =~ '^\x\{40\}\>\|^ref: ' |
+		\   setf git |
+		\ endif
+	EOF
diff --git a/contrib/vim/syntax/gitcommit.vim b/contrib/vim/syntax/gitcommit.vim
deleted file mode 100644
index 332121b40e..0000000000
--- a/contrib/vim/syntax/gitcommit.vim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-syn region gitLine start=/^#/ end=/$/
-syn region gitCommit start=/^# Changes to be committed:$/ end=/^#$/ contains=gitHead,gitCommitFile
-syn region gitHead contained start=/^#   (.*)/ end=/^#$/
-syn region gitChanged start=/^# Changed but not updated:/ end=/^#$/ contains=gitHead,gitChangedFile
-syn region gitUntracked start=/^# Untracked files:/ end=/^#$/ contains=gitHead,gitUntrackedFile
-
-syn match gitCommitFile contained /^#\t.*/hs=s+2
-syn match gitChangedFile contained /^#\t.*/hs=s+2
-syn match gitUntrackedFile contained /^#\t.*/hs=s+2
-
-hi def link gitLine Comment
-hi def link gitCommit Comment
-hi def link gitChanged Comment
-hi def link gitHead Comment
-hi def link gitUntracked Comment
-hi def link gitCommitFile Type
-hi def link gitChangedFile Constant
-hi def link gitUntrackedFile Constant
diff --git a/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir b/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
index 9877b98508..993cacf324 100755
--- a/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
+++ b/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
@@ -20,17 +20,42 @@ new_workdir=$2
 branch=$3
 
 # want to make sure that what is pointed to has a .git directory ...
-test -d "$orig_git/.git" || die "\"$orig_git\" is not a git repository!"
+git_dir=$(cd "$orig_git" 2>/dev/null &&
+  git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null) ||
+  die "Not a git repository: \"$orig_git\""
+
+case "$git_dir" in
+.git)
+	git_dir="$orig_git/.git"
+	;;
+.)
+	git_dir=$orig_git
+	;;
+esac
+
+# don't link to a configured bare repository
+isbare=$(git --git-dir="$git_dir" config --bool --get core.bare)
+if test ztrue = z$isbare
+then
+	die "\"$git_dir\" has core.bare set to true," \
+		" remove from \"$git_dir/config\" to use $0"
+fi
 
 # don't link to a workdir
-if test -L "$orig_git/.git/config"
+if test -L "$git_dir/config"
 then
 	die "\"$orig_git\" is a working directory only, please specify" \
 		"a complete repository."
 fi
 
+# don't recreate a workdir over an existing repository
+if test -e "$new_workdir"
+then
+	die "destination directory '$new_workdir' already exists."
+fi
+
 # make sure the the links use full paths
-orig_git=$(cd "$orig_git"; pwd)
+git_dir=$(cd "$git_dir"; pwd)
 
 # create the workdir
 mkdir -p "$new_workdir/.git" || die "unable to create \"$new_workdir\"!"
@@ -38,20 +63,20 @@ mkdir -p "$new_workdir/.git" || die "unable to create \"$new_workdir\"!"
 # create the links to the original repo.  explictly exclude index, HEAD and
 # logs/HEAD from the list since they are purely related to the current working
 # directory, and should not be shared.
-for x in config refs logs/refs objects info hooks packed-refs remotes rr-cache
+for x in config refs logs/refs objects info hooks packed-refs remotes rr-cache svn
 do
 	case $x in
 	*/*)
 		mkdir -p "$(dirname "$new_workdir/.git/$x")"
 		;;
 	esac
-	ln -s "$orig_git/.git/$x" "$new_workdir/.git/$x"
+	ln -s "$git_dir/$x" "$new_workdir/.git/$x"
 done
 
 # now setup the workdir
 cd "$new_workdir"
 # copy the HEAD from the original repository as a default branch
-cp "$orig_git/.git/HEAD" .git/HEAD
+cp "$git_dir/HEAD" .git/HEAD
 # checkout the branch (either the same as HEAD from the original repository, or
 # the one that was asked for)
 git checkout -f $branch
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 898bfe3eb2..1816e977b7 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
 /*
  * convert.c - convert a file when checking it out and checking it in.
  *
@@ -8,9 +11,14 @@
  * translation when the "auto_crlf" option is set.
  */
 
+#define CRLF_GUESS	(-1)
+#define CRLF_BINARY	0
+#define CRLF_TEXT	1
+#define CRLF_INPUT	2
+
 struct text_stat {
-	/* CR, LF and CRLF counts */
-	unsigned cr, lf, crlf;
+	/* NUL, CR, LF and CRLF counts */
+	unsigned nul, cr, lf, crlf;
 
 	/* These are just approximations! */
 	unsigned printable, nonprintable;
@@ -43,6 +51,9 @@ static void gather_stats(const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct text_stat *
 			case '\b': case '\t': case '\033': case '\014':
 				stats->printable++;
 				break;
+			case 0:
+				stats->nul++;
+				/* fall through */
 			default:
 				stats->nonprintable++;
 			}
@@ -50,6 +61,10 @@ static void gather_stats(const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct text_stat *
 		else
 			stats->printable++;
 	}
+
+	/* If file ends with EOF then don't count this EOF as non-printable. */
+	if (size >= 1 && buf[size-1] == '\032')
+		stats->nonprintable--;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -58,6 +73,8 @@ static void gather_stats(const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct text_stat *
 static int is_binary(unsigned long size, struct text_stat *stats)
 {
 
+	if (stats->nul)
+		return 1;
 	if ((stats->printable >> 7) < stats->nonprintable)
 		return 1;
 	/*
@@ -72,115 +89,540 @@ static int is_binary(unsigned long size, struct text_stat *stats)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int convert_to_git(const char *path, char **bufp, unsigned long *sizep)
+static void check_safe_crlf(const char *path, int action,
+                            struct text_stat *stats, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+{
+	if (!checksafe)
+		return;
+
+	if (action == CRLF_INPUT || auto_crlf <= 0) {
+		/*
+		 * CRLFs would not be restored by checkout:
+		 * check if we'd remove CRLFs
+		 */
+		if (stats->crlf) {
+			if (checksafe == SAFE_CRLF_WARN)
+				warning("CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.", path);
+			else /* i.e. SAFE_CRLF_FAIL */
+				die("CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s.", path);
+		}
+	} else if (auto_crlf > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * CRLFs would be added by checkout:
+		 * check if we have "naked" LFs
+		 */
+		if (stats->lf != stats->crlf) {
+			if (checksafe == SAFE_CRLF_WARN)
+				warning("LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s", path);
+			else /* i.e. SAFE_CRLF_FAIL */
+				die("LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s", path);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int crlf_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                       struct strbuf *buf, int action, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
 {
-	char *buffer, *nbuf;
-	unsigned long size, nsize;
 	struct text_stat stats;
+	char *dst;
 
-	/*
-	 * FIXME! Other pluggable conversions should go here,
-	 * based on filename patterns. Right now we just do the
-	 * stupid auto-CRLF one.
-	 */
-	if (!auto_crlf)
+	if ((action == CRLF_BINARY) || !auto_crlf || !len)
 		return 0;
 
-	size = *sizep;
-	if (!size)
-		return 0;
-	buffer = *bufp;
+	gather_stats(src, len, &stats);
 
-	gather_stats(buffer, size, &stats);
+	if (action == CRLF_GUESS) {
+		/*
+		 * We're currently not going to even try to convert stuff
+		 * that has bare CR characters. Does anybody do that crazy
+		 * stuff?
+		 */
+		if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
+			return 0;
 
-	/* No CR? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
+		/*
+		 * And add some heuristics for binary vs text, of course...
+		 */
+		if (is_binary(len, &stats))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	check_safe_crlf(path, action, &stats, checksafe);
+
+	/* Optimization: No CR? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
 	if (!stats.cr)
 		return 0;
 
+	/* only grow if not in place */
+	if (strbuf_avail(buf) + buf->len < len)
+		strbuf_grow(buf, len - buf->len);
+	dst = buf->buf;
+	if (action == CRLF_GUESS) {
+		/*
+		 * If we guessed, we already know we rejected a file with
+		 * lone CR, and we can strip a CR without looking at what
+		 * follow it.
+		 */
+		do {
+			unsigned char c = *src++;
+			if (c != '\r')
+				*dst++ = c;
+		} while (--len);
+	} else {
+		do {
+			unsigned char c = *src++;
+			if (! (c == '\r' && (1 < len && *src == '\n')))
+				*dst++ = c;
+		} while (--len);
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(buf, dst - buf->buf);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int crlf_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                            struct strbuf *buf, int action)
+{
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+	struct text_stat stats;
+
+	if ((action == CRLF_BINARY) || (action == CRLF_INPUT) ||
+	    auto_crlf <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!len)
+		return 0;
+
+	gather_stats(src, len, &stats);
+
+	/* No LF? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
+	if (!stats.lf)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Was it already in CRLF format? */
+	if (stats.lf == stats.crlf)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (action == CRLF_GUESS) {
+		/* If we have any bare CR characters, we're not going to touch it */
+		if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
+			return 0;
+
+		if (is_binary(len, &stats))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* are we "faking" in place editing ? */
+	if (src == buf->buf)
+		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_grow(buf, len + stats.lf - stats.crlf);
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *nl = memchr(src, '\n', len);
+		if (!nl)
+			break;
+		if (nl > src && nl[-1] == '\r') {
+			strbuf_add(buf, src, nl + 1 - src);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_add(buf, src, nl - src);
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "\r\n");
+		}
+		len -= nl + 1 - src;
+		src  = nl + 1;
+	}
+	strbuf_add(buf, src, len);
+
+	free(to_free);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+struct filter_params {
+	const char *src;
+	unsigned long size;
+	const char *cmd;
+};
+
+static int filter_buffer(int fd, void *data)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Spawn cmd and feed the buffer contents through its stdin.
+	 */
+	struct child_process child_process;
+	struct filter_params *params = (struct filter_params *)data;
+	int write_err, status;
+	const char *argv[] = { "sh", "-c", params->cmd, NULL };
+
+	memset(&child_process, 0, sizeof(child_process));
+	child_process.argv = argv;
+	child_process.in = -1;
+	child_process.out = fd;
+
+	if (start_command(&child_process))
+		return error("cannot fork to run external filter %s", params->cmd);
+
+	write_err = (write_in_full(child_process.in, params->src, params->size) < 0);
+	if (close(child_process.in))
+		write_err = 1;
+	if (write_err)
+		error("cannot feed the input to external filter %s", params->cmd);
+
+	status = finish_command(&child_process);
+	if (status)
+		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, -status);
+	return (write_err || status);
+}
+
+static int apply_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                        struct strbuf *dst, const char *cmd)
+{
 	/*
-	 * We're currently not going to even try to convert stuff
-	 * that has bare CR characters. Does anybody do that crazy
-	 * stuff?
+	 * Create a pipeline to have the command filter the buffer's
+	 * contents.
+	 *
+	 * (child --> cmd) --> us
 	 */
-	if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
+	int ret = 1;
+	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct async async;
+	struct filter_params params;
+
+	if (!cmd)
 		return 0;
 
+	memset(&async, 0, sizeof(async));
+	async.proc = filter_buffer;
+	async.data = &params;
+	params.src = src;
+	params.size = len;
+	params.cmd = cmd;
+
+	fflush(NULL);
+	if (start_async(&async))
+		return 0;	/* error was already reported */
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&nbuf, async.out, len) < 0) {
+		error("read from external filter %s failed", cmd);
+		ret = 0;
+	}
+	if (close(async.out)) {
+		error("read from external filter %s failed", cmd);
+		ret = 0;
+	}
+	if (finish_async(&async)) {
+		error("external filter %s failed", cmd);
+		ret = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (ret) {
+		strbuf_swap(dst, &nbuf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct convert_driver {
+	const char *name;
+	struct convert_driver *next;
+	const char *smudge;
+	const char *clean;
+} *user_convert, **user_convert_tail;
+
+static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	const char *ep, *name;
+	int namelen;
+	struct convert_driver *drv;
+
 	/*
-	 * And add some heuristics for binary vs text, of course...
+	 * External conversion drivers are configured using
+	 * "filter.<name>.variable".
 	 */
-	if (is_binary(size, &stats))
+	if (prefixcmp(var, "filter.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 6)
 		return 0;
+	name = var + 7;
+	namelen = ep - name;
+	for (drv = user_convert; drv; drv = drv->next)
+		if (!strncmp(drv->name, name, namelen) && !drv->name[namelen])
+			break;
+	if (!drv) {
+		drv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct convert_driver));
+		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		*user_convert_tail = drv;
+		user_convert_tail = &(drv->next);
+	}
+
+	ep++;
 
 	/*
-	 * Ok, allocate a new buffer, fill it in, and return true
-	 * to let the caller know that we switched buffers on it.
+	 * filter.<name>.smudge and filter.<name>.clean specifies
+	 * the command line:
+	 *
+	 *	command-line
+	 *
+	 * The command-line will not be interpolated in any way.
 	 */
-	nsize = size - stats.crlf;
-	nbuf = xmalloc(nsize);
-	*bufp = nbuf;
-	*sizep = nsize;
-	do {
-		unsigned char c = *buffer++;
-		if (c != '\r')
-			*nbuf++ = c;
-	} while (--size);
 
-	return 1;
+	if (!strcmp("smudge", ep))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->smudge, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp("clean", ep))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->clean, var, value);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, char **bufp, unsigned long *sizep)
+static void setup_convert_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
 {
-	char *buffer, *nbuf;
-	unsigned long size, nsize;
-	struct text_stat stats;
-	unsigned char last;
+	static struct git_attr *attr_crlf;
+	static struct git_attr *attr_ident;
+	static struct git_attr *attr_filter;
 
+	if (!attr_crlf) {
+		attr_crlf = git_attr("crlf", 4);
+		attr_ident = git_attr("ident", 5);
+		attr_filter = git_attr("filter", 6);
+		user_convert_tail = &user_convert;
+		git_config(read_convert_config, NULL);
+	}
+	check[0].attr = attr_crlf;
+	check[1].attr = attr_ident;
+	check[2].attr = attr_filter;
+}
+
+static int count_ident(const char *cp, unsigned long size)
+{
 	/*
-	 * FIXME! Other pluggable conversions should go here,
-	 * based on filename patterns. Right now we just do the
-	 * stupid auto-CRLF one.
+	 * "$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $" <=> "$Id$"
 	 */
-	if (auto_crlf <= 0)
-		return 0;
+	int cnt = 0;
+	char ch;
 
-	size = *sizep;
-	if (!size)
-		return 0;
-	buffer = *bufp;
+	while (size) {
+		ch = *cp++;
+		size--;
+		if (ch != '$')
+			continue;
+		if (size < 3)
+			break;
+		if (memcmp("Id", cp, 2))
+			continue;
+		ch = cp[2];
+		cp += 3;
+		size -= 3;
+		if (ch == '$')
+			cnt++; /* $Id$ */
+		if (ch != ':')
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * "$Id: ... "; scan up to the closing dollar sign and discard.
+		 */
+		while (size) {
+			ch = *cp++;
+			size--;
+			if (ch == '$') {
+				cnt++;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return cnt;
+}
 
-	gather_stats(buffer, size, &stats);
+static int ident_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                        struct strbuf *buf, int ident)
+{
+	char *dst, *dollar;
 
-	/* No LF? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
-	if (!stats.lf)
+	if (!ident || !count_ident(src, len))
 		return 0;
 
-	/* Was it already in CRLF format? */
-	if (stats.lf == stats.crlf)
-		return 0;
+	/* only grow if not in place */
+	if (strbuf_avail(buf) + buf->len < len)
+		strbuf_grow(buf, len - buf->len);
+	dst = buf->buf;
+	for (;;) {
+		dollar = memchr(src, '$', len);
+		if (!dollar)
+			break;
+		memcpy(dst, src, dollar + 1 - src);
+		dst += dollar + 1 - src;
+		len -= dollar + 1 - src;
+		src  = dollar + 1;
 
-	/* If we have any bare CR characters, we're not going to touch it */
-	if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
+		if (len > 3 && !memcmp(src, "Id:", 3)) {
+			dollar = memchr(src + 3, '$', len - 3);
+			if (!dollar)
+				break;
+			memcpy(dst, "Id$", 3);
+			dst += 3;
+			len -= dollar + 1 - src;
+			src  = dollar + 1;
+		}
+	}
+	memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	strbuf_setlen(buf, dst + len - buf->buf);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int ident_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                             struct strbuf *buf, int ident)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *to_free = NULL, *dollar;
+	int cnt;
+
+	if (!ident)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (is_binary(size, &stats))
+	cnt = count_ident(src, len);
+	if (!cnt)
 		return 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Ok, allocate a new buffer, fill it in, and return true
-	 * to let the caller know that we switched buffers on it.
-	 */
-	nsize = size + stats.lf - stats.crlf;
-	nbuf = xmalloc(nsize);
-	*bufp = nbuf;
-	*sizep = nsize;
-	last = 0;
-	do {
-		unsigned char c = *buffer++;
-		if (c == '\n' && last != '\r')
-			*nbuf++ = '\r';
-		*nbuf++ = c;
-		last = c;
-	} while (--size);
+	/* are we "faking" in place editing ? */
+	if (src == buf->buf)
+		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
+	hash_sha1_file(src, len, "blob", sha1);
+
+	strbuf_grow(buf, len + cnt * 43);
+	for (;;) {
+		/* step 1: run to the next '$' */
+		dollar = memchr(src, '$', len);
+		if (!dollar)
+			break;
+		strbuf_add(buf, src, dollar + 1 - src);
+		len -= dollar + 1 - src;
+		src  = dollar + 1;
 
+		/* step 2: does it looks like a bit like Id:xxx$ or Id$ ? */
+		if (len < 3 || memcmp("Id", src, 2))
+			continue;
+
+		/* step 3: skip over Id$ or Id:xxxxx$ */
+		if (src[2] == '$') {
+			src += 3;
+			len -= 3;
+		} else if (src[2] == ':') {
+			/*
+			 * It's possible that an expanded Id has crept its way into the
+			 * repository, we cope with that by stripping the expansion out
+			 */
+			dollar = memchr(src + 3, '$', len - 3);
+			if (!dollar) {
+				/* incomplete keyword, no more '$', so just quit the loop */
+				break;
+			}
+
+			len -= dollar + 1 - src;
+			src  = dollar + 1;
+		} else {
+			/* it wasn't a "Id$" or "Id:xxxx$" */
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* step 4: substitute */
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, "Id: ");
+		strbuf_add(buf, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, " $");
+	}
+	strbuf_add(buf, src, len);
+
+	free(to_free);
 	return 1;
 }
+
+static int git_path_check_crlf(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	const char *value = check->value;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
+		return CRLF_TEXT;
+	else if (ATTR_FALSE(value))
+		return CRLF_BINARY;
+	else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
+		;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "input"))
+		return CRLF_INPUT;
+	return CRLF_GUESS;
+}
+
+static struct convert_driver *git_path_check_convert(const char *path,
+					     struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	const char *value = check->value;
+	struct convert_driver *drv;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(value) || ATTR_FALSE(value) || ATTR_UNSET(value))
+		return NULL;
+	for (drv = user_convert; drv; drv = drv->next)
+		if (!strcmp(value, drv->name))
+			return drv;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int git_path_check_ident(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	const char *value = check->value;
+
+	return !!ATTR_TRUE(value);
+}
+
+int convert_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+                   struct strbuf *dst, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check check[3];
+	int crlf = CRLF_GUESS;
+	int ident = 0, ret = 0;
+	const char *filter = NULL;
+
+	setup_convert_check(check);
+	if (!git_checkattr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check)) {
+		struct convert_driver *drv;
+		crlf = git_path_check_crlf(path, check + 0);
+		ident = git_path_check_ident(path, check + 1);
+		drv = git_path_check_convert(path, check + 2);
+		if (drv && drv->clean)
+			filter = drv->clean;
+	}
+
+	ret |= apply_filter(path, src, len, dst, filter);
+	if (ret) {
+		src = dst->buf;
+		len = dst->len;
+	}
+	ret |= crlf_to_git(path, src, len, dst, crlf, checksafe);
+	if (ret) {
+		src = dst->buf;
+		len = dst->len;
+	}
+	return ret | ident_to_git(path, src, len, dst, ident);
+}
+
+int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check check[3];
+	int crlf = CRLF_GUESS;
+	int ident = 0, ret = 0;
+	const char *filter = NULL;
+
+	setup_convert_check(check);
+	if (!git_checkattr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check)) {
+		struct convert_driver *drv;
+		crlf = git_path_check_crlf(path, check + 0);
+		ident = git_path_check_ident(path, check + 1);
+		drv = git_path_check_convert(path, check + 2);
+		if (drv && drv->smudge)
+			filter = drv->smudge;
+	}
+
+	ret |= ident_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, ident);
+	if (ret) {
+		src = dst->buf;
+		len = dst->len;
+	}
+	ret |= crlf_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, crlf);
+	if (ret) {
+		src = dst->buf;
+		len = dst->len;
+	}
+	return ret | apply_filter(path, src, len, dst, filter);
+}
diff --git a/copy.c b/copy.c
index 08a3d388a4..e54d15aced 100644
--- a/copy.c
+++ b/copy.c
@@ -3,15 +3,13 @@
 int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd)
 {
 	while (1) {
-		int len;
 		char buffer[8192];
 		char *buf = buffer;
-		len = xread(ifd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+		ssize_t len = xread(ifd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 		if (!len)
 			break;
 		if (len < 0) {
-			int read_error;
-			read_error = errno;
+			int read_error = errno;
 			close(ifd);
 			return error("copy-fd: read returned %s",
 				     strerror(read_error));
@@ -26,9 +24,10 @@ int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd)
 				close(ifd);
 				return error("copy-fd: write returned 0");
 			} else {
+				int write_error = errno;
 				close(ifd);
 				return error("copy-fd: write returned %s",
-					     strerror(errno));
+					     strerror(write_error));
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -36,3 +35,23 @@ int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
+{
+	int fdi, fdo, status;
+
+	mode = (mode & 0111) ? 0777 : 0666;
+	if ((fdi = open(src, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
+		return fdi;
+	if ((fdo = open(dst, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode)) < 0) {
+		close(fdi);
+		return fdo;
+	}
+	status = copy_fd(fdi, fdo);
+	if (close(fdo) != 0)
+		return error("%s: close error: %s", dst, strerror(errno));
+
+	if (!status && adjust_shared_perm(dst))
+		return -1;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/csum-file.c b/csum-file.c
index b7174c6c05..4d50cc5ce1 100644
--- a/csum-file.c
+++ b/csum-file.c
@@ -8,15 +8,16 @@
  * able to verify hasn't been messed with afterwards.
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "progress.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 
-static void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f, unsigned int count)
+static void flush(struct sha1file *f, void * buf, unsigned int count)
 {
-	void *buf = f->buffer;
-
 	for (;;) {
 		int ret = xwrite(f->fd, buf, count);
 		if (ret > 0) {
+			f->total += ret;
+			display_throughput(f->tp, f->total);
 			buf = (char *) buf + ret;
 			count -= ret;
 			if (count)
@@ -25,26 +26,41 @@ static void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f, unsigned int count)
 		}
 		if (!ret)
 			die("sha1 file '%s' write error. Out of diskspace", f->name);
-		die("sha1 file '%s' write error (%s)", f->name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("sha1 file '%s' write error", f->name);
 	}
 }
 
-int sha1close(struct sha1file *f, unsigned char *result, int update)
+void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f)
 {
 	unsigned offset = f->offset;
+
 	if (offset) {
-		SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, f->buffer, offset);
-		sha1flush(f, offset);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, f->buffer, offset);
+		flush(f, f->buffer, offset);
+		f->offset = 0;
 	}
-	SHA1_Final(f->buffer, &f->ctx);
+}
+
+int sha1close(struct sha1file *f, unsigned char *result, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	sha1flush(f);
+	git_SHA1_Final(f->buffer, &f->ctx);
 	if (result)
 		hashcpy(result, f->buffer);
-	if (update)
-		sha1flush(f, 20);
-	if (close(f->fd))
-		die("%s: sha1 file error on close (%s)", f->name, strerror(errno));
+	if (flags & (CSUM_CLOSE | CSUM_FSYNC)) {
+		/* write checksum and close fd */
+		flush(f, f->buffer, 20);
+		if (flags & CSUM_FSYNC)
+			fsync_or_die(f->fd, f->name);
+		if (close(f->fd))
+			die_errno("%s: sha1 file error on close", f->name);
+		fd = 0;
+	} else
+		fd = f->fd;
 	free(f);
-	return 0;
+	return fd;
 }
 
 int sha1write(struct sha1file *f, void *buf, unsigned int count)
@@ -53,15 +69,26 @@ int sha1write(struct sha1file *f, void *buf, unsigned int count)
 		unsigned offset = f->offset;
 		unsigned left = sizeof(f->buffer) - offset;
 		unsigned nr = count > left ? left : count;
+		void *data;
+
+		if (f->do_crc)
+			f->crc32 = crc32(f->crc32, buf, nr);
+
+		if (nr == sizeof(f->buffer)) {
+			/* process full buffer directly without copy */
+			data = buf;
+		} else {
+			memcpy(f->buffer + offset, buf, nr);
+			data = f->buffer;
+		}
 
-		memcpy(f->buffer + offset, buf, nr);
 		count -= nr;
 		offset += nr;
 		buf = (char *) buf + nr;
 		left -= nr;
 		if (!left) {
-			SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, f->buffer, offset);
-			sha1flush(f, offset);
+			git_SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, data, offset);
+			flush(f, data, offset);
 			offset = 0;
 		}
 		f->offset = offset;
@@ -69,78 +96,32 @@ int sha1write(struct sha1file *f, void *buf, unsigned int count)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct sha1file *sha1create(const char *fmt, ...)
+struct sha1file *sha1fd(int fd, const char *name)
 {
-	struct sha1file *f;
-	unsigned len;
-	va_list arg;
-	int fd;
-
-	f = xmalloc(sizeof(*f));
-
-	va_start(arg, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(f->name, sizeof(f->name), fmt, arg);
-	va_end(arg);
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX)
-		die("you wascally wabbit, you");
-	f->namelen = len;
-
-	fd = open(f->name, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to open %s (%s)", f->name, strerror(errno));
-	f->fd = fd;
-	f->error = 0;
-	f->offset = 0;
-	SHA1_Init(&f->ctx);
-	return f;
+	return sha1fd_throughput(fd, name, NULL);
 }
 
-struct sha1file *sha1fd(int fd, const char *name)
+struct sha1file *sha1fd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp)
 {
-	struct sha1file *f;
-	unsigned len;
-
-	f = xmalloc(sizeof(*f));
-
-	len = strlen(name);
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX)
-		die("you wascally wabbit, you");
-	f->namelen = len;
-	memcpy(f->name, name, len+1);
-
+	struct sha1file *f = xmalloc(sizeof(*f));
 	f->fd = fd;
-	f->error = 0;
 	f->offset = 0;
-	SHA1_Init(&f->ctx);
+	f->total = 0;
+	f->tp = tp;
+	f->name = name;
+	f->do_crc = 0;
+	git_SHA1_Init(&f->ctx);
 	return f;
 }
 
-int sha1write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
+void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *f)
 {
-	z_stream stream;
-	unsigned long maxsize;
-	void *out;
-
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	deflateInit(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
-	maxsize = deflateBound(&stream, size);
-	out = xmalloc(maxsize);
-
-	/* Compress it */
-	stream.next_in = in;
-	stream.avail_in = size;
-
-	stream.next_out = out;
-	stream.avail_out = maxsize;
-
-	while (deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH) == Z_OK)
-		/* nothing */;
-	deflateEnd(&stream);
-
-	size = stream.total_out;
-	sha1write(f, out, size);
-	free(out);
-	return size;
+	f->crc32 = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
+	f->do_crc = 1;
 }
 
-
+uint32_t crc32_end(struct sha1file *f)
+{
+	f->do_crc = 0;
+	return f->crc32;
+}
diff --git a/csum-file.h b/csum-file.h
index 3ad1a992a7..294add2a91 100644
--- a/csum-file.h
+++ b/csum-file.h
@@ -1,19 +1,31 @@
 #ifndef CSUM_FILE_H
 #define CSUM_FILE_H
 
+struct progress;
+
 /* A SHA1-protected file */
 struct sha1file {
-	int fd, error;
-	unsigned int offset, namelen;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	int fd;
+	unsigned int offset;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	off_t total;
+	struct progress *tp;
+	const char *name;
+	int do_crc;
+	uint32_t crc32;
 	unsigned char buffer[8192];
 };
 
+/* sha1close flags */
+#define CSUM_CLOSE	1
+#define CSUM_FSYNC	2
+
 extern struct sha1file *sha1fd(int fd, const char *name);
-extern struct sha1file *sha1create(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern int sha1close(struct sha1file *, unsigned char *, int);
+extern struct sha1file *sha1fd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp);
+extern int sha1close(struct sha1file *, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
 extern int sha1write(struct sha1file *, void *, unsigned int);
-extern int sha1write_compressed(struct sha1file *, void *, unsigned int);
+extern void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f);
+extern void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *);
+extern uint32_t crc32_end(struct sha1file *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/ctype.c b/ctype.c
index 56bdffa636..7ee64c7d77 100644
--- a/ctype.c
+++ b/ctype.c
@@ -5,19 +5,22 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 
-#define SS GIT_SPACE
-#define AA GIT_ALPHA
-#define DD GIT_DIGIT
+enum {
+	S = GIT_SPACE,
+	A = GIT_ALPHA,
+	D = GIT_DIGIT,
+	G = GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL,	/* *, ?, [, \\ */
+	R = GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL,	/* $, (, ), +, ., ^, {, | */
+};
 
 unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
-	 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, SS, SS,  0,  0, SS,  0,  0,		/* 0-15 */
-	 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 16-15 */
-	SS,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 32-15 */
-	DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 48-15 */
-	 0, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,		/* 64-15 */
-	AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 80-15 */
-	 0, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,		/* 96-15 */
-	AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 112-15 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, S, S, 0, 0, S, 0, 0,		/*   0.. 15 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,		/*  16.. 31 */
+	S, 0, 0, 0, R, 0, 0, 0, R, R, G, R, 0, 0, R, 0,		/*  32.. 47 */
+	D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, G,		/*  48.. 63 */
+	0, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  64.. 79 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, 0, R, 0,		/*  80.. 95 */
+	0, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  96..111 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, 0, 0, 0,		/* 112..127 */
 	/* Nothing in the 128.. range */
 };
-
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index e74ecac952..1b5ada6648 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "interpolate.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 #include <syslog.h>
 
@@ -9,14 +10,19 @@
 #define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
 #endif
 
+#ifndef NI_MAXSERV
+#define NI_MAXSERV 32
+#endif
+
 static int log_syslog;
 static int verbose;
 static int reuseaddr;
 
 static const char daemon_usage[] =
-"git-daemon [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]\n"
-"           [--timeout=n] [--init-timeout=n] [--strict-paths]\n"
-"           [--base-path=path] [--user-path | --user-path=path]\n"
+"git daemon [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]\n"
+"           [--timeout=n] [--init-timeout=n] [--max-connections=n]\n"
+"           [--strict-paths] [--base-path=path] [--base-path-relaxed]\n"
+"           [--user-path | --user-path=path]\n"
 "           [--interpolated-path=path]\n"
 "           [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=file]\n"
 "           [--[enable|disable|allow-override|forbid-override]=service]\n"
@@ -34,6 +40,7 @@ static int export_all_trees;
 /* Take all paths relative to this one if non-NULL */
 static char *base_path;
 static char *interpolated_path;
+static int base_path_relaxed;
 
 /* Flag indicating client sent extra args. */
 static int saw_extended_args;
@@ -48,61 +55,26 @@ static const char *user_path;
 static unsigned int timeout;
 static unsigned int init_timeout;
 
-/*
- * Static table for now.  Ugh.
- * Feel free to make dynamic as needed.
- */
-#define INTERP_SLOT_HOST	(0)
-#define INTERP_SLOT_CANON_HOST	(1)
-#define INTERP_SLOT_IP		(2)
-#define INTERP_SLOT_PORT	(3)
-#define INTERP_SLOT_DIR		(4)
-#define INTERP_SLOT_PERCENT	(5)
-
-static struct interp interp_table[] = {
-	{ "%H", 0},
-	{ "%CH", 0},
-	{ "%IP", 0},
-	{ "%P", 0},
-	{ "%D", 0},
-	{ "%%", 0},
-};
-
+static char *hostname;
+static char *canon_hostname;
+static char *ip_address;
+static char *tcp_port;
 
 static void logreport(int priority, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	/* We should do a single write so that it is atomic and output
-	 * of several processes do not get intermingled. */
-	char buf[1024];
-	int buflen;
-	int maxlen, msglen;
-
-	/* sizeof(buf) should be big enough for "[pid] \n" */
-	buflen = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%ld] ", (long) getpid());
-
-	maxlen = sizeof(buf) - buflen - 1; /* -1 for our own LF */
-	msglen = vsnprintf(buf + buflen, maxlen, err, params);
-
 	if (log_syslog) {
+		char buf[1024];
+		vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), err, params);
 		syslog(priority, "%s", buf);
-		return;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Since stderr is set to linebuffered mode, the
+		 * logging of different processes will not overlap
+		 */
+		fprintf(stderr, "[%"PRIuMAX"] ", (uintmax_t)getpid());
+		vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
 	}
-
-	/* maxlen counted our own LF but also counts space given to
-	 * vsnprintf for the terminating NUL.  We want to make sure that
-	 * we have space for our own LF and NUL after the "meat" of the
-	 * message, so truncate it at maxlen - 1.
-	 */
-	if (msglen > maxlen - 1)
-		msglen = maxlen - 1;
-	else if (msglen < 0)
-		msglen = 0; /* Protect against weird return values. */
-	buflen += msglen;
-
-	buf[buflen++] = '\n';
-	buf[buflen] = '\0';
-
-	write_in_full(2, buf, buflen);
 }
 
 static void logerror(const char *err, ...)
@@ -133,7 +105,7 @@ static int avoid_alias(char *p)
 {
 	int sl, ndot;
 
-	/* 
+	/*
 	 * This resurrects the belts and suspenders paranoia check by HPA
 	 * done in <435560F7.4080006@zytor.com> thread, now enter_repo()
 	 * does not do getcwd() based path canonicalizations.
@@ -176,14 +148,14 @@ static int avoid_alias(char *p)
 	}
 }
 
-static char *path_ok(struct interp *itable)
+static char *path_ok(char *directory)
 {
 	static char rpath[PATH_MAX];
 	static char interp_path[PATH_MAX];
 	char *path;
 	char *dir;
 
-	dir = itable[INTERP_SLOT_DIR].value;
+	dir = directory;
 
 	if (avoid_alias(dir)) {
 		logerror("'%s': aliased", dir);
@@ -213,14 +185,27 @@ static char *path_ok(struct interp *itable)
 		}
 	}
 	else if (interpolated_path && saw_extended_args) {
+		struct strbuf expanded_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[] = {
+			{ "H", hostname },
+			{ "CH", canon_hostname },
+			{ "IP", ip_address },
+			{ "P", tcp_port },
+			{ "D", directory },
+			{ "%", "%" },
+			{ NULL }
+		};
+
 		if (*dir != '/') {
 			/* Allow only absolute */
 			logerror("'%s': Non-absolute path denied (interpolated-path active)", dir);
 			return NULL;
 		}
 
-		interpolate(interp_path, PATH_MAX, interpolated_path,
-			    interp_table, ARRAY_SIZE(interp_table));
+		strbuf_expand(&expanded_path, interpolated_path,
+				strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
+		strlcpy(interp_path, expanded_path.buf, PATH_MAX);
+		strbuf_release(&expanded_path);
 		loginfo("Interpolated dir '%s'", interp_path);
 
 		dir = interp_path;
@@ -236,9 +221,17 @@ static char *path_ok(struct interp *itable)
 	}
 
 	path = enter_repo(dir, strict_paths);
+	if (!path && base_path && base_path_relaxed) {
+		/*
+		 * if we fail and base_path_relaxed is enabled, try without
+		 * prefixing the base path
+		 */
+		dir = directory;
+		path = enter_repo(dir, strict_paths);
+	}
 
 	if (!path) {
-		logerror("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		logerror("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -247,7 +240,7 @@ static char *path_ok(struct interp *itable)
 		int pathlen = strlen(path);
 
 		/* The validation is done on the paths after enter_repo
-		 * appends optional {.git,.git/.git} and friends, but 
+		 * appends optional {.git,.git/.git} and friends, but
 		 * it does not use getcwd().  So if your /pub is
 		 * a symlink to /mnt/pub, you can whitelist /pub and
 		 * do not have to say /mnt/pub.
@@ -284,7 +277,7 @@ struct daemon_service {
 static struct daemon_service *service_looking_at;
 static int service_enabled;
 
-static int git_daemon_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int git_daemon_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "daemon.") &&
 	    !strcmp(var + 7, service_looking_at->config_name)) {
@@ -296,14 +289,12 @@ static int git_daemon_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int run_service(struct interp *itable, struct daemon_service *service)
+static int run_service(char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	int enabled = service->enabled;
 
-	loginfo("Request %s for '%s'",
-		service->name,
-		itable[INTERP_SLOT_DIR].value);
+	loginfo("Request %s for '%s'", service->name, dir);
 
 	if (!enabled && !service->overridable) {
 		logerror("'%s': service not enabled.", service->name);
@@ -311,7 +302,7 @@ static int run_service(struct interp *itable, struct daemon_service *service)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (!(path = path_ok(itable)))
+	if (!(path = path_ok(dir)))
 		return -1;
 
 	/*
@@ -334,7 +325,7 @@ static int run_service(struct interp *itable, struct daemon_service *service)
 	if (service->overridable) {
 		service_looking_at = service;
 		service_enabled = -1;
-		git_config(git_daemon_config);
+		git_config(git_daemon_config, NULL);
 		if (0 <= service_enabled)
 			enabled = service_enabled;
 	}
@@ -354,28 +345,66 @@ static int run_service(struct interp *itable, struct daemon_service *service)
 	return service->fn();
 }
 
+static void copy_to_log(int fd)
+{
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	fp = fdopen(fd, "r");
+	if (fp == NULL) {
+		logerror("fdopen of error channel failed");
+		close(fd);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		logerror("%s", line.buf);
+		strbuf_setlen(&line, 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
+static int run_service_command(const char **argv)
+{
+	struct child_process cld;
+
+	memset(&cld, 0, sizeof(cld));
+	cld.argv = argv;
+	cld.git_cmd = 1;
+	cld.err = -1;
+	if (start_command(&cld))
+		return -1;
+
+	close(0);
+	close(1);
+
+	copy_to_log(cld.err);
+
+	return finish_command(&cld);
+}
+
 static int upload_pack(void)
 {
 	/* Timeout as string */
 	char timeout_buf[64];
+	const char *argv[] = { "upload-pack", "--strict", timeout_buf, ".", NULL };
 
 	snprintf(timeout_buf, sizeof timeout_buf, "--timeout=%u", timeout);
-
-	/* git-upload-pack only ever reads stuff, so this is safe */
-	execl_git_cmd("upload-pack", "--strict", timeout_buf, ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static int upload_archive(void)
 {
-	execl_git_cmd("upload-archive", ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	static const char *argv[] = { "upload-archive", ".", NULL };
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static int receive_pack(void)
 {
-	execl_git_cmd("receive-pack", ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	static const char *argv[] = { "receive-pack", ".", NULL };
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static struct daemon_service daemon_service[] = {
@@ -384,7 +413,8 @@ static struct daemon_service daemon_service[] = {
 	{ "receive-pack", "receivepack", receive_pack, 0, 1 },
 };
 
-static void enable_service(const char *name, int ena) {
+static void enable_service(const char *name, int ena)
+{
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daemon_service); i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(daemon_service[i].name, name)) {
@@ -395,7 +425,8 @@ static void enable_service(const char *name, int ena) {
 	die("No such service %s", name);
 }
 
-static void make_service_overridable(const char *name, int ena) {
+static void make_service_overridable(const char *name, int ena)
+{
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daemon_service); i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(daemon_service[i].name, name)) {
@@ -406,17 +437,24 @@ static void make_service_overridable(const char *name, int ena) {
 	die("No such service %s", name);
 }
 
+static char *xstrdup_tolower(const char *str)
+{
+	char *p, *dup = xstrdup(str);
+	for (p = dup; *p; p++)
+		*p = tolower(*p);
+	return dup;
+}
+
 /*
- * Separate the "extra args" information as supplied by the client connection.
- * Any resulting data is squirreled away in the given interpolation table.
+ * Read the host as supplied by the client connection.
  */
-static void parse_extra_args(struct interp *table, char *extra_args, int buflen)
+static void parse_host_arg(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 {
 	char *val;
 	int vallen;
 	char *end = extra_args + buflen;
 
-	while (extra_args < end && *extra_args) {
+	if (extra_args < end && *extra_args) {
 		saw_extended_args = 1;
 		if (strncasecmp("host=", extra_args, 5) == 0) {
 			val = extra_args + 5;
@@ -428,67 +466,55 @@ static void parse_extra_args(struct interp *table, char *extra_args, int buflen)
 				if (port) {
 					*port = 0;
 					port++;
-					interp_set_entry(table, INTERP_SLOT_PORT, port);
+					free(tcp_port);
+					tcp_port = xstrdup(port);
 				}
-				interp_set_entry(table, INTERP_SLOT_HOST, host);
+				free(hostname);
+				hostname = xstrdup_tolower(host);
 			}
 
 			/* On to the next one */
 			extra_args = val + vallen;
 		}
+		if (extra_args < end && *extra_args)
+			die("Invalid request");
 	}
-}
-
-void fill_in_extra_table_entries(struct interp *itable)
-{
-	char *hp;
-
-	/*
-	 * Replace literal host with lowercase-ized hostname.
-	 */
-	hp = interp_table[INTERP_SLOT_HOST].value;
-	if (!hp)
-		return;
-	for ( ; *hp; hp++)
-		*hp = tolower(*hp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Locate canonical hostname and its IP address.
 	 */
+	if (hostname) {
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
-	{
 		struct addrinfo hints;
-		struct addrinfo *ai, *ai0;
+		struct addrinfo *ai;
 		int gai;
 		static char addrbuf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
 
-		gai = getaddrinfo(interp_table[INTERP_SLOT_HOST].value, 0, &hints, &ai0);
+		gai = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, &hints, &ai);
 		if (!gai) {
-			for (ai = ai0; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
-				struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *)ai->ai_addr;
-
-				inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin_addr->sin_addr,
-					  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
-				interp_set_entry(interp_table,
-						 INTERP_SLOT_CANON_HOST, ai->ai_canonname);
-				interp_set_entry(interp_table,
-						 INTERP_SLOT_IP, addrbuf);
-				break;
-			}
-			freeaddrinfo(ai0);
+			struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *)ai->ai_addr;
+
+			inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin_addr->sin_addr,
+				  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
+			free(ip_address);
+			ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
+
+			free(canon_hostname);
+			canon_hostname = xstrdup(ai->ai_canonname ?
+						 ai->ai_canonname : ip_address);
+
+			freeaddrinfo(ai);
 		}
-	}
 #else
-	{
 		struct hostent *hent;
 		struct sockaddr_in sa;
 		char **ap;
 		static char addrbuf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
-		hent = gethostbyname(interp_table[INTERP_SLOT_HOST].value);
+		hent = gethostbyname(hostname);
 
 		ap = hent->h_addr_list;
 		memset(&sa, 0, sizeof sa);
@@ -499,10 +525,12 @@ void fill_in_extra_table_entries(struct interp *itable)
 		inet_ntop(hent->h_addrtype, &sa.sin_addr,
 			  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
 
-		interp_set_entry(interp_table, INTERP_SLOT_CANON_HOST, hent->h_name);
-		interp_set_entry(interp_table, INTERP_SLOT_IP, addrbuf);
-	}
+		free(canon_hostname);
+		canon_hostname = xstrdup(hent->h_name);
+		free(ip_address);
+		ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
 #endif
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -518,7 +546,7 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 		if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
 			struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *) addr;
 			inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, &sin_addr->sin_addr, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
-			port = sin_addr->sin_port;
+			port = ntohs(sin_addr->sin_port);
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
 		} else if (addr && addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
 			struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_addr = (void *) addr;
@@ -528,10 +556,14 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 			inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sin6_addr->sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(addrbuf) - 1);
 			strcat(buf, "]");
 
-			port = sin6_addr->sin6_port;
+			port = ntohs(sin6_addr->sin6_port);
 #endif
 		}
 		loginfo("Connection from %s:%d", addrbuf, port);
+		setenv("REMOTE_ADDR", addrbuf, 1);
+	}
+	else {
+		unsetenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
 	}
 
 	alarm(init_timeout ? init_timeout : timeout);
@@ -548,16 +580,14 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 		pktlen--;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize the path interpolation table for this connection.
-	 */
-	interp_clear_table(interp_table, ARRAY_SIZE(interp_table));
-	interp_set_entry(interp_table, INTERP_SLOT_PERCENT, "%");
+	free(hostname);
+	free(canon_hostname);
+	free(ip_address);
+	free(tcp_port);
+	hostname = canon_hostname = ip_address = tcp_port = NULL;
 
-	if (len != pktlen) {
-	    parse_extra_args(interp_table, line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
-	    fill_in_extra_table_entries(interp_table);
-	}
+	if (len != pktlen)
+		parse_host_arg(line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daemon_service); i++) {
 		struct daemon_service *s = &(daemon_service[i]);
@@ -569,9 +599,7 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 			 * Note: The directory here is probably context sensitive,
 			 * and might depend on the actual service being performed.
 			 */
-			interp_set_entry(interp_table,
-					 INTERP_SLOT_DIR, line + namelen + 5);
-			return run_service(interp_table, s);
+			return run_service(line + namelen + 5, s);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -579,145 +607,107 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+static int max_connections = 32;
 
-/*
- * We count spawned/reaped separately, just to avoid any
- * races when updating them from signals. The SIGCHLD handler
- * will only update children_reaped, and the fork logic will
- * only update children_spawned.
- *
- * MAX_CHILDREN should be a power-of-two to make the modulus
- * operation cheap. It should also be at least twice
- * the maximum number of connections we will ever allow.
- */
-#define MAX_CHILDREN 128
-
-static int max_connections = 25;
-
-/* These are updated by the signal handler */
-static volatile unsigned int children_reaped;
-static pid_t dead_child[MAX_CHILDREN];
-
-/* These are updated by the main loop */
-static unsigned int children_spawned;
-static unsigned int children_deleted;
+static unsigned int live_children;
 
 static struct child {
+	struct child *next;
 	pid_t pid;
-	int addrlen;
 	struct sockaddr_storage address;
-} live_child[MAX_CHILDREN];
+} *firstborn;
 
-static void add_child(int idx, pid_t pid, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
+static void add_child(pid_t pid, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
 {
-	live_child[idx].pid = pid;
-	live_child[idx].addrlen = addrlen;
-	memcpy(&live_child[idx].address, addr, addrlen);
+	struct child *newborn, **cradle;
+
+	/*
+	 * This must be xcalloc() -- we'll compare the whole sockaddr_storage
+	 * but individual address may be shorter.
+	 */
+	newborn = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*newborn));
+	live_children++;
+	newborn->pid = pid;
+	memcpy(&newborn->address, addr, addrlen);
+	for (cradle = &firstborn; *cradle; cradle = &(*cradle)->next)
+		if (!memcmp(&(*cradle)->address, &newborn->address,
+			    sizeof(newborn->address)))
+			break;
+	newborn->next = *cradle;
+	*cradle = newborn;
 }
 
-/*
- * Walk from "deleted" to "spawned", and remove child "pid".
- *
- * We move everything up by one, since the new "deleted" will
- * be one higher.
- */
-static void remove_child(pid_t pid, unsigned deleted, unsigned spawned)
+static void remove_child(pid_t pid)
 {
-	struct child n;
+	struct child **cradle, *blanket;
 
-	deleted %= MAX_CHILDREN;
-	spawned %= MAX_CHILDREN;
-	if (live_child[deleted].pid == pid) {
-		live_child[deleted].pid = -1;
-		return;
-	}
-	n = live_child[deleted];
-	for (;;) {
-		struct child m;
-		deleted = (deleted + 1) % MAX_CHILDREN;
-		if (deleted == spawned)
-			die("could not find dead child %d\n", pid);
-		m = live_child[deleted];
-		live_child[deleted] = n;
-		if (m.pid == pid)
-			return;
-		n = m;
-	}
+	for (cradle = &firstborn; (blanket = *cradle); cradle = &blanket->next)
+		if (blanket->pid == pid) {
+			*cradle = blanket->next;
+			live_children--;
+			free(blanket);
+			break;
+		}
 }
 
 /*
  * This gets called if the number of connections grows
  * past "max_connections".
  *
- * We _should_ start off by searching for connections
- * from the same IP, and if there is some address wth
- * multiple connections, we should kill that first.
- *
- * As it is, we just "randomly" kill 25% of the connections,
- * and our pseudo-random generator sucks too. I have no
- * shame.
- *
- * Really, this is just a place-holder for a _real_ algorithm.
+ * We kill the newest connection from a duplicate IP.
  */
-static void kill_some_children(int signo, unsigned start, unsigned stop)
-{
-	start %= MAX_CHILDREN;
-	stop %= MAX_CHILDREN;
-	while (start != stop) {
-		if (!(start & 3))
-			kill(live_child[start].pid, signo);
-		start = (start + 1) % MAX_CHILDREN;
-	}
-}
-
-static void check_max_connections(void)
+static void kill_some_child(void)
 {
-	for (;;) {
-		int active;
-		unsigned spawned, reaped, deleted;
-
-		spawned = children_spawned;
-		reaped = children_reaped;
-		deleted = children_deleted;
+	const struct child *blanket, *next;
 
-		while (deleted < reaped) {
-			pid_t pid = dead_child[deleted % MAX_CHILDREN];
-			remove_child(pid, deleted, spawned);
-			deleted++;
-		}
-		children_deleted = deleted;
+	if (!(blanket = firstborn))
+		return;
 
-		active = spawned - deleted;
-		if (active <= max_connections)
+	for (; (next = blanket->next); blanket = next)
+		if (!memcmp(&blanket->address, &next->address,
+			    sizeof(next->address))) {
+			kill(blanket->pid, SIGTERM);
 			break;
+		}
+}
 
-		/* Kill some unstarted connections with SIGTERM */
-		kill_some_children(SIGTERM, deleted, spawned);
-		if (active <= max_connections << 1)
-			break;
+static void check_dead_children(void)
+{
+	int status;
+	pid_t pid;
 
-		/* If the SIGTERM thing isn't helping use SIGKILL */
-		kill_some_children(SIGKILL, deleted, spawned);
-		sleep(1);
+	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0) {
+		const char *dead = "";
+		remove_child(pid);
+		if (!WIFEXITED(status) || (WEXITSTATUS(status) > 0))
+			dead = " (with error)";
+		loginfo("[%"PRIuMAX"] Disconnected%s", (uintmax_t)pid, dead);
 	}
 }
 
 static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
 {
-	pid_t pid = fork();
+	pid_t pid;
 
-	if (pid) {
-		unsigned idx;
+	if (max_connections && live_children >= max_connections) {
+		kill_some_child();
+		sleep(1);  /* give it some time to die */
+		check_dead_children();
+		if (live_children >= max_connections) {
+			close(incoming);
+			logerror("Too many children, dropping connection");
+			return;
+		}
+	}
 
+	if ((pid = fork())) {
 		close(incoming);
-		if (pid < 0)
+		if (pid < 0) {
+			logerror("Couldn't fork %s", strerror(errno));
 			return;
+		}
 
-		idx = children_spawned % MAX_CHILDREN;
-		children_spawned++;
-		add_child(idx, pid, addr, addrlen);
-
-		check_max_connections();
+		add_child(pid, addr, addrlen);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -730,28 +720,12 @@ static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
 
 static void child_handler(int signo)
 {
-	for (;;) {
-		int status;
-		pid_t pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG);
-
-		if (pid > 0) {
-			unsigned reaped = children_reaped;
-			dead_child[reaped % MAX_CHILDREN] = pid;
-			children_reaped = reaped + 1;
-			/* XXX: Custom logging, since we don't wanna getpid() */
-			if (verbose) {
-				const char *dead = "";
-				if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) > 0)
-					dead = " (with error)";
-				if (log_syslog)
-					syslog(LOG_INFO, "[%d] Disconnected%s", pid, dead);
-				else
-					fprintf(stderr, "[%d] Disconnected%s\n", pid, dead);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise empty handler because systemcalls will get interrupted
+	 * upon signal receipt
+	 * SysV needs the handler to be rearmed
+	 */
+	signal(SIGCHLD, child_handler);
 }
 
 static int set_reuse_addr(int sockfd)
@@ -784,7 +758,7 @@ static int socksetup(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, int **socklist_p)
 
 	gai = getaddrinfo(listen_addr, pbuf, &hints, &ai0);
 	if (gai)
-		die("getaddrinfo() failed: %s\n", gai_strerror(gai));
+		die("getaddrinfo() failed: %s", gai_strerror(gai));
 
 	for (ai = ai0; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
 		int sockfd;
@@ -793,7 +767,7 @@ static int socksetup(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, int **socklist_p)
 		if (sockfd < 0)
 			continue;
 		if (sockfd >= FD_SETSIZE) {
-			error("too large socket descriptor.");
+			logerror("Socket descriptor too large");
 			close(sockfd);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -905,9 +879,11 @@ static int service_loop(int socknum, int *socklist)
 	for (;;) {
 		int i;
 
+		check_dead_children();
+
 		if (poll(pfd, socknum, -1) < 0) {
 			if (errno != EINTR) {
-				error("poll failed, resuming: %s",
+				logerror("Poll failed, resuming: %s",
 				      strerror(errno));
 				sleep(1);
 			}
@@ -926,7 +902,7 @@ static int service_loop(int socknum, int *socklist)
 					case ECONNABORTED:
 						continue;
 					default:
-						die("accept returned %s", strerror(errno));
+						die_errno("accept returned");
 					}
 				}
 				handle(incoming, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, sslen);
@@ -942,7 +918,7 @@ static void sanitize_stdfds(void)
 	while (fd != -1 && fd < 2)
 		fd = dup(fd);
 	if (fd == -1)
-		die("open /dev/null or dup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("open /dev/null or dup failed");
 	if (fd > 2)
 		close(fd);
 }
@@ -953,12 +929,12 @@ static void daemonize(void)
 		case 0:
 			break;
 		case -1:
-			die("fork failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("fork failed");
 		default:
 			exit(0);
 	}
 	if (setsid() == -1)
-		die("setsid failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("setsid failed");
 	close(0);
 	close(1);
 	close(2);
@@ -969,9 +945,9 @@ static void store_pid(const char *path)
 {
 	FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
 	if (!f)
-		die("cannot open pid file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-	fprintf(f, "%d\n", getpid());
-	fclose(f);
+		die_errno("cannot open pid file '%s'", path);
+	if (fprintf(f, "%"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getpid()) < 0 || fclose(f) != 0)
+		die_errno("failed to write pid file '%s'", path);
 }
 
 static int serve(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct passwd *pass, gid_t gid)
@@ -1003,21 +979,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	gid_t gid = 0;
 	int i;
 
-	/* Without this we cannot rely on waitpid() to tell
-	 * what happened to our children.
-	 */
-	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--listen=")) {
-		    char *p = arg + 9;
-		    char *ph = listen_addr = xmalloc(strlen(arg + 9) + 1);
-		    while (*p)
-			*ph++ = tolower(*p++);
-		    *ph = 0;
-		    continue;
+			listen_addr = xstrdup_tolower(arg + 9);
+			continue;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--port=")) {
 			char *end;
@@ -1053,6 +1022,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			init_timeout = atoi(arg+15);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-connections=")) {
+			max_connections = atoi(arg+18);
+			if (max_connections < 0)
+				max_connections = 0;	        /* unlimited */
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict-paths")) {
 			strict_paths = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -1061,6 +1036,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			base_path = arg+12;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--base-path-relaxed")) {
+			base_path_relaxed = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--interpolated-path=")) {
 			interpolated_path = arg+20;
 			continue;
@@ -1121,6 +1100,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		usage(daemon_usage);
 	}
 
+	if (log_syslog) {
+		openlog("git-daemon", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);
+		set_die_routine(daemon_die);
+	} else
+		/* avoid splitting a message in the middle */
+		setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
+
 	if (inetd_mode && (group_name || user_name))
 		die("--user and --group are incompatible with --inetd");
 
@@ -1148,20 +1134,20 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (log_syslog) {
-		openlog("git-daemon", 0, LOG_DAEMON);
-		set_die_routine(daemon_die);
-	}
-
 	if (strict_paths && (!ok_paths || !*ok_paths))
 		die("option --strict-paths requires a whitelist");
 
+	if (base_path && !is_directory(base_path))
+		die("base-path '%s' does not exist or is not a directory",
+		    base_path);
+
 	if (inetd_mode) {
 		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
 		struct sockaddr *peer = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
 		socklen_t slen = sizeof(ss);
 
-		freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr);
+		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
+			die_errno("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null");
 
 		if (getpeername(0, peer, &slen))
 			peer = NULL;
@@ -1169,8 +1155,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		return execute(peer);
 	}
 
-	if (detach)
+	if (detach) {
 		daemonize();
+		loginfo("Ready to rumble");
+	}
 	else
 		sanitize_stdfds();
 
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 0ceccbe034..409a17d464 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@
 
 #include "cache.h"
 
-static time_t my_mktime(struct tm *tm)
+/*
+ * This is like mktime, but without normalization of tm_wday and tm_yday.
+ */
+time_t tm_to_time_t(const struct tm *tm)
 {
 	static const int mdays[] = {
 	    0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334
@@ -55,11 +58,42 @@ static struct tm *time_to_tm(unsigned long time, int tz)
 	return gmtime(&t);
 }
 
+/*
+ * What value of "tz" was in effect back then at "time" in the
+ * local timezone?
+ */
+static int local_tzoffset(unsigned long time)
+{
+	time_t t, t_local;
+	struct tm tm;
+	int offset, eastwest;
+
+	t = time;
+	localtime_r(&t, &tm);
+	t_local = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
+
+	if (t_local < t) {
+		eastwest = -1;
+		offset = t - t_local;
+	} else {
+		eastwest = 1;
+		offset = t_local - t;
+	}
+	offset /= 60; /* in minutes */
+	offset = (offset % 60) + ((offset / 60) * 100);
+	return offset * eastwest;
+}
+
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 {
 	struct tm *tm;
 	static char timebuf[200];
 
+	if (mode == DATE_RAW) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu %+05d", time, tz);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+
 	if (mode == DATE_RELATIVE) {
 		unsigned long diff;
 		struct timeval now;
@@ -99,37 +133,57 @@ const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30);
 			return timebuf;
 		}
-		/* Else fall back on absolute format.. */
+		/* Give years and months for 5 years or so */
+		if (diff < 1825) {
+			unsigned long years = (diff + 183) / 365;
+			unsigned long months = (diff % 365 + 15) / 30;
+			int n;
+			n = snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu year%s",
+					years, (years > 1 ? "s" : ""));
+			if (months)
+				snprintf(timebuf + n, sizeof(timebuf) - n,
+					", %lu month%s ago",
+					months, (months > 1 ? "s" : ""));
+			else
+				snprintf(timebuf + n, sizeof(timebuf) - n,
+					" ago");
+			return timebuf;
+		}
+		/* Otherwise, just years. Centuries is probably overkill. */
+		snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu years ago", (diff + 183) / 365);
+		return timebuf;
 	}
 
+	if (mode == DATE_LOCAL)
+		tz = local_tzoffset(time);
+
 	tm = time_to_tm(time, tz);
 	if (!tm)
 		return NULL;
 	if (mode == DATE_SHORT)
 		sprintf(timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d", tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				tm->tm_mon + 1, tm->tm_mday);
+	else if (mode == DATE_ISO8601)
+		sprintf(timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
+				tm->tm_year + 1900,
+				tm->tm_mon + 1,
+				tm->tm_mday,
+				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
+				tz);
+	else if (mode == DATE_RFC2822)
+		sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s, %d %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
+			weekday_names[tm->tm_wday], tm->tm_mday,
+			month_names[tm->tm_mon], tm->tm_year + 1900,
+			tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec, tz);
 	else
-		sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %d %+05d",
+		sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %d%c%+05d",
 				weekday_names[tm->tm_wday],
 				month_names[tm->tm_mon],
 				tm->tm_mday,
 				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
-				tm->tm_year + 1900, tz);
-	return timebuf;
-}
-
-const char *show_rfc2822_date(unsigned long time, int tz)
-{
-	struct tm *tm;
-	static char timebuf[200];
-
-	tm = time_to_tm(time, tz);
-	if (!tm)
-		return NULL;
-	sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s, %d %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
-		weekday_names[tm->tm_wday], tm->tm_mday,
-		month_names[tm->tm_mon], tm->tm_year + 1900,
-		tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec, tz);
+				tm->tm_year + 1900,
+				(mode == DATE_LOCAL) ? 0 : ' ',
+				tz);
 	return timebuf;
 }
 
@@ -185,9 +239,9 @@ static const struct {
 	{ "EAST", +10, 0, },	/* Eastern Australian Standard */
 	{ "EADT", +10, 1, },	/* Eastern Australian Daylight */
 	{ "GST",  +10, 0, },	/* Guam Standard, USSR Zone 9 */
-	{ "NZT",  +11, 0, },	/* New Zealand */
-	{ "NZST", +11, 0, },	/* New Zealand Standard */
-	{ "NZDT", +11, 1, },	/* New Zealand Daylight */
+	{ "NZT",  +12, 0, },	/* New Zealand */
+	{ "NZST", +12, 0, },	/* New Zealand Standard */
+	{ "NZDT", +12, 1, },	/* New Zealand Daylight */
 	{ "IDLE", +12, 0, },	/* International Date Line East */
 };
 
@@ -294,7 +348,7 @@ static int is_date(int year, int month, int day, struct tm *now_tm, time_t now,
 		if (!now_tm)
 			return 1;
 
-		specified = my_mktime(r);
+		specified = tm_to_time_t(r);
 
 		/* Be it commit time or author time, it does not make
 		 * sense to specify timestamp way into the future.  Make
@@ -371,8 +425,17 @@ static int match_multi_number(unsigned long num, char c, const char *date, char
 	return end - date;
 }
 
+/* Have we filled in any part of the time/date yet? */
+static inline int nodate(struct tm *tm)
+{
+	return tm->tm_year < 0 &&
+		tm->tm_mon < 0 &&
+		tm->tm_mday < 0 &&
+		!(tm->tm_hour | tm->tm_min | tm->tm_sec);
+}
+
 /*
- * We've seen a digit. Time? Year? Date? 
+ * We've seen a digit. Time? Year? Date?
  */
 static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt)
 {
@@ -383,9 +446,11 @@ static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt
 	num = strtoul(date, &end, 10);
 
 	/*
-	 * Seconds since 1970? We trigger on that for anything after Jan 1, 2000
+	 * Seconds since 1970? We trigger on that for any numbers with
+	 * more than 8 digits. This is because we don't want to rule out
+	 * numbers like 20070606 as a YYYYMMDD date.
 	 */
-	if (num > 946684800) {
+	if (num >= 100000000 && nodate(tm)) {
 		time_t time = num;
 		if (gmtime_r(&time, tm)) {
 			*tm_gmt = 1;
@@ -430,6 +495,13 @@ static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt
 	}
 
 	/*
+	 * Ignore lots of numerals. We took care of 4-digit years above.
+	 * Days or months must be one or two digits.
+	 */
+	if (n > 2)
+		return n;
+
+	/*
 	 * NOTE! We will give precedence to day-of-month over month or
 	 * year numbers in the 1-12 range. So 05 is always "mday 5",
 	 * unless we already have a mday..
@@ -455,14 +527,10 @@ static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt
 
 	if (num > 0 && num < 32) {
 		tm->tm_mday = num;
-	} else if (num > 1900) {
-		tm->tm_year = num - 1900;
-	} else if (num > 70) {
-		tm->tm_year = num;
 	} else if (num > 0 && num < 13) {
 		tm->tm_mon = num-1;
 	}
-		
+
 	return n;
 }
 
@@ -536,13 +604,13 @@ int parse_date(const char *date, char *result, int maxlen)
 		if (!match) {
 			/* BAD CRAP */
 			match = 1;
-		}	
+		}
 
 		date += match;
 	}
 
 	/* mktime uses local timezone */
-	then = my_mktime(&tm); 
+	then = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
 	if (offset == -1)
 		offset = (then - mktime(&tm)) / 60;
 
@@ -554,6 +622,28 @@ int parse_date(const char *date, char *result, int maxlen)
 	return date_string(then, offset, result, maxlen);
 }
 
+enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(format, "relative"))
+		return DATE_RELATIVE;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "iso8601") ||
+		 !strcmp(format, "iso"))
+		return DATE_ISO8601;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "rfc2822") ||
+		 !strcmp(format, "rfc"))
+		return DATE_RFC2822;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "short"))
+		return DATE_SHORT;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "local"))
+		return DATE_LOCAL;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "default"))
+		return DATE_NORMAL;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "raw"))
+		return DATE_RAW;
+	else
+		die("unknown date format %s", format);
+}
+
 void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize)
 {
 	time_t now;
@@ -561,7 +651,7 @@ void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize)
 
 	time(&now);
 
-	offset = my_mktime(localtime(&now)) - now;
+	offset = tm_to_time_t(localtime(&now)) - now;
 	offset /= 60;
 
 	date_string(now, offset, buf, bufsize);
@@ -630,6 +720,12 @@ static void date_am(struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	tm->tm_hour = (hour % 12);
 }
 
+static void date_never(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+{
+	time_t n = 0;
+	localtime_r(&n, tm);
+}
+
 static const struct special {
 	const char *name;
 	void (*fn)(struct tm *, int *);
@@ -640,6 +736,7 @@ static const struct special {
 	{ "tea", date_tea },
 	{ "PM", date_pm },
 	{ "AM", date_am },
+	{ "never", date_never },
 	{ NULL }
 };
 
@@ -658,7 +755,7 @@ static const struct typelen {
 	{ "days", 24*60*60 },
 	{ "weeks", 7*24*60*60 },
 	{ NULL }
-};	
+};
 
 static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 {
@@ -763,7 +860,9 @@ static const char *approxidate_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 		}
 	}
 
-	*num = number;
+	/* Accept zero-padding only for small numbers ("Dec 02", never "Dec 0002") */
+	if (date[0] != '0' || end - date <= 2)
+		*num = number;
 	return end;
 }
 
@@ -772,13 +871,15 @@ unsigned long approxidate(const char *date)
 	int number = 0;
 	struct tm tm, now;
 	struct timeval tv;
+	time_t time_sec;
 	char buffer[50];
 
 	if (parse_date(date, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0)
 		return strtoul(buffer, NULL, 10);
 
 	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
-	localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
+	time_sec = tv.tv_sec;
+	localtime_r(&time_sec, &tm);
 	now = tm;
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned char c = *date;
diff --git a/decorate.c b/decorate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f8a63e388
--- /dev/null
+++ b/decorate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * decorate.c - decorate a git object with some arbitrary
+ * data.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+
+static unsigned int hash_obj(const struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
+{
+	unsigned int hash;
+
+	memcpy(&hash, obj->sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
+	return hash % n;
+}
+
+static void *insert_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *base, void *decoration)
+{
+	int size = n->size;
+	struct object_decoration *hash = n->hash;
+	unsigned int j = hash_obj(base, size);
+
+	while (hash[j].base) {
+		if (hash[j].base == base) {
+			void *old = hash[j].decoration;
+			hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+			return old;
+		}
+		if (++j >= size)
+			j = 0;
+	}
+	hash[j].base = base;
+	hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+	n->nr++;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void grow_decoration(struct decoration *n)
+{
+	int i;
+	int old_size = n->size;
+	struct object_decoration *old_hash = n->hash;
+
+	n->size = (old_size + 1000) * 3 / 2;
+	n->hash = xcalloc(n->size, sizeof(struct object_decoration));
+	n->nr = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
+		const struct object *base = old_hash[i].base;
+		void *decoration = old_hash[i].decoration;
+
+		if (!base)
+			continue;
+		insert_decoration(n, base, decoration);
+	}
+	free(old_hash);
+}
+
+/* Add a decoration pointer, return any old one */
+void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj,
+		void *decoration)
+{
+	int nr = n->nr + 1;
+
+	if (nr > n->size * 2 / 3)
+		grow_decoration(n);
+	return insert_decoration(n, obj, decoration);
+}
+
+/* Lookup a decoration pointer */
+void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj)
+{
+	unsigned int j;
+
+	/* nothing to lookup */
+	if (!n->size)
+		return NULL;
+	j = hash_obj(obj, n->size);
+	for (;;) {
+		struct object_decoration *ref = n->hash + j;
+		if (ref->base == obj)
+			return ref->decoration;
+		if (!ref->base)
+			return NULL;
+		if (++j == n->size)
+			j = 0;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/decorate.h b/decorate.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e7328044ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/decorate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef DECORATE_H
+#define DECORATE_H
+
+struct object_decoration {
+	const struct object *base;
+	void *decoration;
+};
+
+struct decoration {
+	const char *name;
+	unsigned int size, nr;
+	struct object_decoration *hash;
+};
+
+extern void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj, void *decoration);
+extern void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/delta.h b/delta.h
index 7b3f86d85f..b9d333dd5a 100644
--- a/delta.h
+++ b/delta.h
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ create_delta_index(const void *buf, unsigned long bufsize);
 extern void free_delta_index(struct delta_index *index);
 
 /*
+ * sizeof_delta_index: returns memory usage of delta index
+ *
+ * Given pointer must be what create_delta_index() returned, or NULL.
+ */
+extern unsigned long sizeof_delta_index(struct delta_index *index);
+
+/*
  * create_delta: create a delta from given index for the given buffer
  *
  * This function may be called multiple times with different buffers using
@@ -83,12 +90,11 @@ static inline unsigned long get_delta_hdr_size(const unsigned char **datap,
 					       const unsigned char *top)
 {
 	const unsigned char *data = *datap;
-	unsigned char cmd;
-	unsigned long size = 0;
+	unsigned long cmd, size = 0;
 	int i = 0;
 	do {
 		cmd = *data++;
-		size |= (cmd & ~0x80) << i;
+		size |= (cmd & 0x7f) << i;
 		i += 7;
 	} while (cmd & 0x80 && data < top);
 	*datap = data;
diff --git a/diff-delta.c b/diff-delta.c
index 9f998d0a73..a4e28df714 100644
--- a/diff-delta.c
+++ b/diff-delta.c
@@ -1,21 +1,14 @@
 /*
  * diff-delta.c: generate a delta between two buffers
  *
- *  Many parts of this file have been lifted from LibXDiff version 0.10.
- *  http://www.xmailserver.org/xdiff-lib.html
+ * This code was greatly inspired by parts of LibXDiff from Davide Libenzi
+ * http://www.xmailserver.org/xdiff-lib.html
  *
- *  LibXDiff was written by Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
- *  Copyright (C) 2003	Davide Libenzi
+ * Rewritten for GIT by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>, (C) 2005-2007
  *
- *  Many mods for GIT usage by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>, (C) 2005.
- *
- *  This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- *  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  Use of this within git automatically means that the LGPL
- *  licensing gets turned into GPLv2 within this project.
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
@@ -122,10 +115,15 @@ static const unsigned int U[256] = {
 struct index_entry {
 	const unsigned char *ptr;
 	unsigned int val;
-	struct index_entry *next;
+};
+
+struct unpacked_index_entry {
+	struct index_entry entry;
+	struct unpacked_index_entry *next;
 };
 
 struct delta_index {
+	unsigned long memsize;
 	const void *src_buf;
 	unsigned long src_size;
 	unsigned int hash_mask;
@@ -137,7 +135,8 @@ struct delta_index * create_delta_index(const void *buf, unsigned long bufsize)
 	unsigned int i, hsize, hmask, entries, prev_val, *hash_count;
 	const unsigned char *data, *buffer = buf;
 	struct delta_index *index;
-	struct index_entry *entry, **hash;
+	struct unpacked_index_entry *entry, **hash;
+	struct index_entry *packed_entry, **packed_hash;
 	void *mem;
 	unsigned long memsize;
 
@@ -154,27 +153,21 @@ struct delta_index * create_delta_index(const void *buf, unsigned long bufsize)
 	hmask = hsize - 1;
 
 	/* allocate lookup index */
-	memsize = sizeof(*index) +
-		  sizeof(*hash) * hsize +
+	memsize = sizeof(*hash) * hsize +
 		  sizeof(*entry) * entries;
 	mem = malloc(memsize);
 	if (!mem)
 		return NULL;
-	index = mem;
-	mem = index + 1;
 	hash = mem;
 	mem = hash + hsize;
 	entry = mem;
 
-	index->src_buf = buf;
-	index->src_size = bufsize;
-	index->hash_mask = hmask;
 	memset(hash, 0, hsize * sizeof(*hash));
 
 	/* allocate an array to count hash entries */
 	hash_count = calloc(hsize, sizeof(*hash_count));
 	if (!hash_count) {
-		free(index);
+		free(hash);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -188,12 +181,13 @@ struct delta_index * create_delta_index(const void *buf, unsigned long bufsize)
 			val = ((val << 8) | data[i]) ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
 		if (val == prev_val) {
 			/* keep the lowest of consecutive identical blocks */
-			entry[-1].ptr = data + RABIN_WINDOW;
+			entry[-1].entry.ptr = data + RABIN_WINDOW;
+			--entries;
 		} else {
 			prev_val = val;
 			i = val & hmask;
-			entry->ptr = data + RABIN_WINDOW;
-			entry->val = val;
+			entry->entry.ptr = data + RABIN_WINDOW;
+			entry->entry.val = val;
 			entry->next = hash[i];
 			hash[i] = entry++;
 			hash_count[i]++;
@@ -213,20 +207,84 @@ struct delta_index * create_delta_index(const void *buf, unsigned long bufsize)
 	 * the reference buffer.
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < hsize; i++) {
-		if (hash_count[i] < HASH_LIMIT)
+		int acc;
+
+		if (hash_count[i] <= HASH_LIMIT)
 			continue;
+
+		/* We leave exactly HASH_LIMIT entries in the bucket */
+		entries -= hash_count[i] - HASH_LIMIT;
+
 		entry = hash[i];
+		acc = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * Assume that this loop is gone through exactly
+		 * HASH_LIMIT times and is entered and left with
+		 * acc==0.  So the first statement in the loop
+		 * contributes (hash_count[i]-HASH_LIMIT)*HASH_LIMIT
+		 * to the accumulator, and the inner loop consequently
+		 * is run (hash_count[i]-HASH_LIMIT) times, removing
+		 * one element from the list each time.  Since acc
+		 * balances out to 0 at the final run, the inner loop
+		 * body can't be left with entry==NULL.  So we indeed
+		 * encounter entry==NULL in the outer loop only.
+		 */
 		do {
-			struct index_entry *keep = entry;
-			int skip = hash_count[i] / HASH_LIMIT / 2;
-			do {
-				entry = entry->next;
-			} while(--skip && entry);
-			keep->next = entry;
-		} while(entry);
+			acc += hash_count[i] - HASH_LIMIT;
+			if (acc > 0) {
+				struct unpacked_index_entry *keep = entry;
+				do {
+					entry = entry->next;
+					acc -= HASH_LIMIT;
+				} while (acc > 0);
+				keep->next = entry->next;
+			}
+			entry = entry->next;
+		} while (entry);
 	}
 	free(hash_count);
 
+	/*
+	 * Now create the packed index in array form
+	 * rather than linked lists.
+	 */
+	memsize = sizeof(*index)
+		+ sizeof(*packed_hash) * (hsize+1)
+		+ sizeof(*packed_entry) * entries;
+	mem = malloc(memsize);
+	if (!mem) {
+		free(hash);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	index = mem;
+	index->memsize = memsize;
+	index->src_buf = buf;
+	index->src_size = bufsize;
+	index->hash_mask = hmask;
+
+	mem = index->hash;
+	packed_hash = mem;
+	mem = packed_hash + (hsize+1);
+	packed_entry = mem;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < hsize; i++) {
+		/*
+		 * Coalesce all entries belonging to one linked list
+		 * into consecutive array entries.
+		 */
+		packed_hash[i] = packed_entry;
+		for (entry = hash[i]; entry; entry = entry->next)
+			*packed_entry++ = entry->entry;
+	}
+
+	/* Sentinel value to indicate the length of the last hash bucket */
+	packed_hash[hsize] = packed_entry;
+
+	assert(packed_entry - (struct index_entry *)mem == entries);
+	free(hash);
+
 	return index;
 }
 
@@ -235,6 +293,14 @@ void free_delta_index(struct delta_index *index)
 	free(index);
 }
 
+unsigned long sizeof_delta_index(struct delta_index *index)
+{
+	if (index)
+		return index->memsize;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * The maximum size for any opcode sequence, including the initial header
  * plus Rabin window plus biggest copy.
@@ -246,7 +312,7 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 	     const void *trg_buf, unsigned long trg_size,
 	     unsigned long *delta_size, unsigned long max_size)
 {
-	unsigned int i, outpos, outsize, val;
+	unsigned int i, outpos, outsize, moff, msize, val;
 	int inscnt;
 	const unsigned char *ref_data, *ref_top, *data, *top;
 	unsigned char *out;
@@ -291,30 +357,33 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 	}
 	inscnt = i;
 
+	moff = 0;
+	msize = 0;
 	while (data < top) {
-		unsigned int moff = 0, msize = 0;
-		struct index_entry *entry;
-		val ^= U[data[-RABIN_WINDOW]];
-		val = ((val << 8) | *data) ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
-		i = val & index->hash_mask;
-		for (entry = index->hash[i]; entry; entry = entry->next) {
-			const unsigned char *ref = entry->ptr;
-			const unsigned char *src = data;
-			unsigned int ref_size = ref_top - ref;
-			if (entry->val != val)
-				continue;
-			if (ref_size > top - src)
-				ref_size = top - src;
-			if (ref_size > 0x10000)
-				ref_size = 0x10000;
-			if (ref_size <= msize)
-				break;
-			while (ref_size-- && *src++ == *ref)
-				ref++;
-			if (msize < ref - entry->ptr) {
-				/* this is our best match so far */
-				msize = ref - entry->ptr;
-				moff = entry->ptr - ref_data;
+		if (msize < 4096) {
+			struct index_entry *entry;
+			val ^= U[data[-RABIN_WINDOW]];
+			val = ((val << 8) | *data) ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
+			i = val & index->hash_mask;
+			for (entry = index->hash[i]; entry < index->hash[i+1]; entry++) {
+				const unsigned char *ref = entry->ptr;
+				const unsigned char *src = data;
+				unsigned int ref_size = ref_top - ref;
+				if (entry->val != val)
+					continue;
+				if (ref_size > top - src)
+					ref_size = top - src;
+				if (ref_size <= msize)
+					break;
+				while (ref_size-- && *src++ == *ref)
+					ref++;
+				if (msize < ref - entry->ptr) {
+					/* this is our best match so far */
+					msize = ref - entry->ptr;
+					moff = entry->ptr - ref_data;
+					if (msize >= 4096) /* good enough */
+						break;
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -327,27 +396,13 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 				out[outpos - inscnt - 1] = inscnt;
 				inscnt = 0;
 			}
+			msize = 0;
 		} else {
+			unsigned int left;
 			unsigned char *op;
 
-			if (msize >= RABIN_WINDOW) {
-				const unsigned char *sk;
-				sk = data + msize - RABIN_WINDOW;
-				val = 0;
-				for (i = 0; i < RABIN_WINDOW; i++)
-					val = ((val << 8) | *sk++) ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
-			} else {
-				const unsigned char *sk = data + 1;
-				for (i = 1; i < msize; i++) {
-					val ^= U[sk[-RABIN_WINDOW]];
-					val = ((val << 8) | *sk++) ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
-				}
-			}
-
 			if (inscnt) {
 				while (moff && ref_data[moff-1] == data[-1]) {
-					if (msize == 0x10000)
-						break;
 					/* we can match one byte back */
 					msize++;
 					moff--;
@@ -363,23 +418,40 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 				inscnt = 0;
 			}
 
-			data += msize;
+			/* A copy op is currently limited to 64KB (pack v2) */
+			left = (msize < 0x10000) ? 0 : (msize - 0x10000);
+			msize -= left;
+
 			op = out + outpos++;
 			i = 0x80;
 
-			if (moff & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = moff; i |= 0x01; }
-			moff >>= 8;
-			if (moff & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = moff; i |= 0x02; }
-			moff >>= 8;
-			if (moff & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = moff; i |= 0x04; }
-			moff >>= 8;
-			if (moff & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = moff; i |= 0x08; }
+			if (moff & 0x000000ff)
+				out[outpos++] = moff >> 0,  i |= 0x01;
+			if (moff & 0x0000ff00)
+				out[outpos++] = moff >> 8,  i |= 0x02;
+			if (moff & 0x00ff0000)
+				out[outpos++] = moff >> 16, i |= 0x04;
+			if (moff & 0xff000000)
+				out[outpos++] = moff >> 24, i |= 0x08;
 
-			if (msize & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = msize; i |= 0x10; }
-			msize >>= 8;
-			if (msize & 0xff) { out[outpos++] = msize; i |= 0x20; }
+			if (msize & 0x00ff)
+				out[outpos++] = msize >> 0, i |= 0x10;
+			if (msize & 0xff00)
+				out[outpos++] = msize >> 8, i |= 0x20;
 
 			*op = i;
+
+			data += msize;
+			moff += msize;
+			msize = left;
+
+			if (msize < 4096) {
+				int j;
+				val = 0;
+				for (j = -RABIN_WINDOW; j < 0; j++)
+					val = ((val << 8) | data[j])
+					      ^ T[val >> RABIN_SHIFT];
+			}
 		}
 
 		if (outpos >= outsize - MAX_OP_SIZE) {
@@ -389,7 +461,7 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 				outsize = max_size + MAX_OP_SIZE + 1;
 			if (max_size && outpos > max_size)
 				break;
-			out = xrealloc(out, outsize);
+			out = realloc(out, outsize);
 			if (!out) {
 				free(tmp);
 				return NULL;
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index 5c5b05bfe3..ad2a4cde74 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -8,312 +8,61 @@
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 /*
  * diff-files
  */
 
-static int read_directory(const char *path, struct path_list *list)
-{
-	DIR *dir;
-	struct dirent *e;
-
-	if (!(dir = opendir(path)))
-		return error("Could not open directory %s", path);
-
-	while ((e = readdir(dir)))
-		if (strcmp(".", e->d_name) && strcmp("..", e->d_name))
-			path_list_insert(xstrdup(e->d_name), list);
-
-	closedir(dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int get_mode(const char *path, int *mode)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (!path || !strcmp(path, "/dev/null"))
-		*mode = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(path, "-"))
-		*mode = ntohl(create_ce_mode(0666));
-	else if (stat(path, &st))
-		return error("Could not access '%s'", path);
-	else
-		*mode = st.st_mode;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
-		const char *name1, const char *name2)
+/*
+ * Has the work tree entity been removed?
+ *
+ * Return 1 if it was removed from the work tree, 0 if an entity to be
+ * compared with the cache entry ce still exists (the latter includes
+ * the case where a directory that is not a submodule repository
+ * exists for ce that is a submodule -- it is a submodule that is not
+ * checked out).  Return negative for an error.
+ */
+static int check_removed(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
-	int mode1 = 0, mode2 = 0;
-
-	if (get_mode(name1, &mode1) || get_mode(name2, &mode2))
-		return -1;
-
-	if (mode1 && mode2 && S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2))
-		return error("file/directory conflict: %s, %s", name1, name2);
-
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) || S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
-		char buffer1[PATH_MAX], buffer2[PATH_MAX];
-		struct path_list p1 = {NULL, 0, 0, 1}, p2 = {NULL, 0, 0, 1};
-		int len1 = 0, len2 = 0, i1, i2, ret = 0;
-
-		if (name1 && read_directory(name1, &p1))
+	if (lstat(ce->name, st) < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
 			return -1;
-		if (name2 && read_directory(name2, &p2)) {
-			path_list_clear(&p1, 0);
-			return -1;
-		}
-
-		if (name1) {
-			len1 = strlen(name1);
-			if (len1 > 0 && name1[len1 - 1] == '/')
-				len1--;
-			memcpy(buffer1, name1, len1);
-			buffer1[len1++] = '/';
-		}
-
-		if (name2) {
-			len2 = strlen(name2);
-			if (len2 > 0 && name2[len2 - 1] == '/')
-				len2--;
-			memcpy(buffer2, name2, len2);
-			buffer2[len2++] = '/';
-		}
-
-		for (i1 = i2 = 0; !ret && (i1 < p1.nr || i2 < p2.nr); ) {
-			const char *n1, *n2;
-			int comp;
-
-			if (i1 == p1.nr)
-				comp = 1;
-			else if (i2 == p2.nr)
-				comp = -1;
-			else
-				comp = strcmp(p1.items[i1].path,
-					p2.items[i2].path);
-
-			if (comp > 0)
-				n1 = NULL;
-			else {
-				n1 = buffer1;
-				strncpy(buffer1 + len1, p1.items[i1++].path,
-						PATH_MAX - len1);
-			}
-
-			if (comp < 0)
-				n2 = NULL;
-			else {
-				n2 = buffer2;
-				strncpy(buffer2 + len2, p2.items[i2++].path,
-						PATH_MAX - len2);
-			}
-
-			ret = queue_diff(o, n1, n2);
-		}
-		path_list_clear(&p1, 0);
-		path_list_clear(&p2, 0);
-
-		return ret;
-	} else {
-		struct diff_filespec *d1, *d2;
-
-		if (o->reverse_diff) {
-			unsigned tmp;
-			const char *tmp_c;
-			tmp = mode1; mode1 = mode2; mode2 = tmp;
-			tmp_c = name1; name1 = name2; name2 = tmp_c;
-		}
-
-		if (!name1)
-			name1 = "/dev/null";
-		if (!name2)
-			name2 = "/dev/null";
-		d1 = alloc_filespec(name1);
-		d2 = alloc_filespec(name2);
-		fill_filespec(d1, null_sha1, mode1);
-		fill_filespec(d2, null_sha1, mode2);
-
-		diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, d1, d2);
-		return 0;
-	}
-}
-
-static int is_in_index(const char *path)
-{
-	int len = strlen(path);
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
-	char c;
-
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return 0;
-	if (strncmp(active_cache[pos]->name, path, len))
-		return 0;
-	c = active_cache[pos]->name[len];
-	return c == '\0' || c == '/';
-}
-
-static int handle_diff_files_args(struct rev_info *revs,
-		int argc, const char **argv, int *silent)
-{
-	*silent = 0;
-
-	/* revs->max_count == -2 means --no-index */
-	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--base"))
-			revs->max_count = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--ours"))
-			revs->max_count = 2;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--theirs"))
-			revs->max_count = 3;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-index")) {
-			revs->max_count = -2;
-			revs->diffopt.exit_with_status = 1;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
-			*silent = 1;
-		else
-			return error("invalid option: %s", argv[1]);
-		argv++; argc--;
+		return 1;
 	}
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+		return 1;
+	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode)) {
+		unsigned char sub[20];
 
-	if (revs->max_count == -1 && revs->diffopt.nr_paths == 2) {
 		/*
-		 * If two files are specified, and at least one is untracked,
-		 * default to no-index.
+		 * If ce is already a gitlink, we can have a plain
+		 * directory (i.e. the submodule is not checked out),
+		 * or a checked out submodule.  Either case this is not
+		 * a case where something was removed from the work tree,
+		 * so we will return 0.
+		 *
+		 * Otherwise, if the directory is not a submodule
+		 * repository, that means ce which was a blob turned into
+		 * a directory --- the blob was removed!
 		 */
-		read_cache();
-		if (!is_in_index(revs->diffopt.paths[0]) ||
-					!is_in_index(revs->diffopt.paths[1]))
-			revs->max_count = -2;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure there are NO revision (i.e. pending object) parameter,
-	 * rev.max_count is reasonable (0 <= n <= 3),
-	 * there is no other revision filtering parameters.
-	 */
-	if (revs->pending.nr || revs->max_count > 3 ||
-	    revs->min_age != -1 || revs->max_age != -1)
-		return error("no revision allowed with diff-files");
-
-	if (revs->max_count == -1 &&
-	    (revs->diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
-		revs->combine_merges = revs->dense_combined_merges = 1;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int is_outside_repo(const char *path, int nongit, const char *prefix)
-{
-	int i;
-	if (nongit || !strcmp(path, "-") || path[0] == '/')
-		return 1;
-	if (prefixcmp(path, "../"))
-		return 0;
-	if (!prefix)
-		return 1;
-	for (i = strlen(prefix); !prefixcmp(path, "../"); ) {
-		while (i > 0 && prefix[i - 1] != '/')
-			i--;
-		if (--i < 0)
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+		    resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sub))
 			return 1;
-		path += 3;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int setup_diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
-		int argc, const char ** argv, int nongit, const char *prefix)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
-		if (argv[i][0] != '-' || argv[i][1] == '\0')
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		} else if (i < argc - 3 && !strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index")) {
-			i = argc - 3;
-			revs->diffopt.exit_with_status = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	if (argc != i + 2 || (!is_outside_repo(argv[i + 1], nongit, prefix) &&
-				!is_outside_repo(argv[i], nongit, prefix)))
-		return -1;
-
-	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
-	for (i = 1; i < argc - 2; )
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index"))
-			i++;
-		else {
-			int j = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt,
-					argv + i, argc - i);
-			if (!j)
-				die("invalid diff option/value: %s", argv[i]);
-			i += j;
-		}
-
-	if (prefix) {
-		int len = strlen(prefix);
-
-		revs->diffopt.paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(char*));
-		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-			const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
-			/*
-			 * stdin should be spelled as '-'; if you have
-			 * path that is '-', spell it as ./-.
-			 */
-			p = (strcmp(p, "-")
-			     ? xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, len, p))
-			     : p);
-			revs->diffopt.paths[i] = p;
-		}
-	}
-	else
-		revs->diffopt.paths = argv + argc - 2;
-	revs->diffopt.nr_paths = 2;
-	revs->max_count = -2;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int run_diff_files_cmd(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	int silent_on_removed;
-
-	if (handle_diff_files_args(revs, argc, argv, &silent_on_removed))
-		return -1;
-
-	if (revs->max_count == -2) {
-		if (revs->diffopt.nr_paths != 2)
-			return error("need two files/directories with --no-index");
-		if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, revs->diffopt.paths[0],
-				revs->diffopt.paths[1]))
-			return -1;
-		diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
-		diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
-		/*
-		 * The return code for --no-index imitates diff(1):
-		 * 0 = no changes, 1 = changes, else error
-		 */
-		return revs->diffopt.found_changes;
-	}
-
-	if (read_cache() < 0) {
-		perror("read_cache");
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return run_diff_files(revs, silent_on_removed);
-}
-
-int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
+int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 {
 	int entries, i;
 	int diff_unmerged_stage = revs->max_count;
+	int silent_on_removed = option & DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+	unsigned ce_option = ((option & DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED)
+			      ? CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY : 0);
+
+	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "i/", "w/");
 
 	if (diff_unmerged_stage < 0)
 		diff_unmerged_stage = 2;
@@ -324,7 +73,8 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		int changed;
 
-		if (revs->diffopt.quiet && revs->diffopt.has_changes)
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, QUIET) &&
+			DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, HAS_CHANGES))
 			break;
 
 		if (!ce_path_match(ce, revs->prune_data))
@@ -348,16 +98,17 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 			memset(&(dpath->parent[0]), 0,
 			       sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent)*5);
 
-			if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-				if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
+			changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
+			if (!changed)
+				dpath->mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
+			else {
+				if (changed < 0) {
 					perror(ce->name);
 					continue;
 				}
 				if (silent_on_removed)
 					continue;
 			}
-			else
-				dpath->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
 
 			while (i < entries) {
 				struct cache_entry *nce = active_cache[i];
@@ -371,11 +122,10 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 				 */
 				stage = ce_stage(nce);
 				if (2 <= stage) {
-					int mode = ntohl(nce->ce_mode);
+					int mode = nce->ce_mode;
 					num_compare_stages++;
 					hashcpy(dpath->parent[stage-2].sha1, nce->sha1);
-					dpath->parent[stage-2].mode =
-						canon_mode(mode);
+					dpath->parent[stage-2].mode = ce_mode_from_stat(nce, mode);
 					dpath->parent[stage-2].status =
 						DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
 				}
@@ -409,33 +159,32 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 				continue;
 		}
 
-		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
+		if (ce_uptodate(ce))
+			continue;
+
+		changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
+		if (changed) {
+			if (changed < 0) {
 				perror(ce->name);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (silent_on_removed)
 				continue;
-			diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, '-', ntohl(ce->ce_mode),
-				       ce->sha1, ce->name, NULL);
+			diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, '-', ce->ce_mode,
+				       ce->sha1, ce->name);
 			continue;
 		}
-		changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0);
-		if (!changed && !revs->diffopt.find_copies_harder)
-			continue;
-		oldmode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
-
-		newmode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
-		if (!trust_executable_bit &&
-		    S_ISREG(newmode) && S_ISREG(oldmode) &&
-		    ((newmode ^ oldmode) == 0111))
-			newmode = oldmode;
-		else if (!has_symlinks &&
-		    S_ISREG(newmode) && S_ISLNK(oldmode))
-			newmode = oldmode;
+		changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, ce_option);
+		if (!changed) {
+			ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+				continue;
+		}
+		oldmode = ce->ce_mode;
+		newmode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
 		diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, newmode,
 			    ce->sha1, (changed ? null_sha1 : ce->sha1),
-			    ce->name, NULL);
+			    ce->name);
 
 	}
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -451,26 +200,28 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 static void diff_index_show_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 				 const char *prefix,
 				 struct cache_entry *ce,
-				 unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode)
+				 const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode)
 {
-	diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, prefix[0], ntohl(mode),
-		       sha1, ce->name, NULL);
+	diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, prefix[0], mode,
+		       sha1, ce->name);
 }
 
 static int get_stat_data(struct cache_entry *ce,
-			 unsigned char **sha1p,
+			 const unsigned char **sha1p,
 			 unsigned int *modep,
 			 int cached, int match_missing)
 {
-	unsigned char *sha1 = ce->sha1;
+	const unsigned char *sha1 = ce->sha1;
 	unsigned int mode = ce->ce_mode;
 
-	if (!cached) {
-		static unsigned char no_sha1[20];
+	if (!cached && !ce_uptodate(ce)) {
 		int changed;
 		struct stat st;
-		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno == ENOENT && match_missing) {
+		changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
+		if (changed < 0)
+			return -1;
+		else if (changed) {
+			if (match_missing) {
 				*sha1p = sha1;
 				*modep = mode;
 				return 0;
@@ -480,7 +231,7 @@ static int get_stat_data(struct cache_entry *ce,
 		changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0);
 		if (changed) {
 			mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
-			sha1 = no_sha1;
+			sha1 = null_sha1;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -493,10 +244,11 @@ static void show_new_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 			  struct cache_entry *new,
 			  int cached, int match_missing)
 {
-	unsigned char *sha1;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned int mode;
 
-	/* New file in the index: it might actually be different in
+	/*
+	 * New file in the index: it might actually be different in
 	 * the working copy.
 	 */
 	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing) < 0)
@@ -512,7 +264,7 @@ static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 int cached, int match_missing)
 {
 	unsigned int mode, oldmode;
-	unsigned char *sha1;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
 
 	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing) < 0) {
 		if (report_missing)
@@ -532,14 +284,14 @@ static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
 		p->len = pathlen;
 		memcpy(p->path, new->name, pathlen);
 		p->path[pathlen] = 0;
-		p->mode = ntohl(mode);
+		p->mode = mode;
 		hashclr(p->sha1);
 		memset(p->parent, 0, 2 * sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent));
 		p->parent[0].status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
-		p->parent[0].mode = ntohl(new->ce_mode);
+		p->parent[0].mode = new->ce_mode;
 		hashcpy(p->parent[0].sha1, new->sha1);
 		p->parent[1].status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
-		p->parent[1].mode = ntohl(old->ce_mode);
+		p->parent[1].mode = old->ce_mode;
 		hashcpy(p->parent[1].sha1, old->sha1);
 		show_combined_diff(p, 2, revs->dense_combined_merges, revs);
 		free(p);
@@ -548,88 +300,11 @@ static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	oldmode = old->ce_mode;
 	if (mode == oldmode && !hashcmp(sha1, old->sha1) &&
-	    !revs->diffopt.find_copies_harder)
+	    !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
 		return 0;
 
-	mode = ntohl(mode);
-	oldmode = ntohl(oldmode);
-
 	diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, mode,
-		    old->sha1, sha1, old->name, NULL);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int diff_cache(struct rev_info *revs,
-		      struct cache_entry **ac, int entries,
-		      const char **pathspec,
-		      int cached, int match_missing)
-{
-	while (entries) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = *ac;
-		int same = (entries > 1) && ce_same_name(ce, ac[1]);
-
-		if (revs->diffopt.quiet && revs->diffopt.has_changes)
-			break;
-
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, pathspec))
-			goto skip_entry;
-
-		switch (ce_stage(ce)) {
-		case 0:
-			/* No stage 1 entry? That means it's a new file */
-			if (!same) {
-				show_new_file(revs, ce, cached, match_missing);
-				break;
-			}
-			/* Show difference between old and new */
-			show_modified(revs, ac[1], ce, 1,
-				      cached, match_missing);
-			break;
-		case 1:
-			/* No stage 3 (merge) entry?
-			 * That means it's been deleted.
-			 */
-			if (!same) {
-				diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", ce,
-						     ce->sha1, ce->ce_mode);
-				break;
-			}
-			/* We come here with ce pointing at stage 1
-			 * (original tree) and ac[1] pointing at stage
-			 * 3 (unmerged).  show-modified with
-			 * report-missing set to false does not say the
-			 * file is deleted but reports true if work
-			 * tree does not have it, in which case we
-			 * fall through to report the unmerged state.
-			 * Otherwise, we show the differences between
-			 * the original tree and the work tree.
-			 */
-			if (!cached &&
-			    !show_modified(revs, ce, ac[1], 0,
-					   cached, match_missing))
-				break;
-			diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, ce->name,
-				     ntohl(ce->ce_mode), ce->sha1);
-			break;
-		case 3:
-			diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, ce->name,
-				     0, null_sha1);
-			break;
-
-		default:
-			die("impossible cache entry stage");
-		}
-
-skip_entry:
-		/*
-		 * Ignore all the different stages for this file,
-		 * we've handled the relevant cases now.
-		 */
-		do {
-			ac++;
-			entries--;
-		} while (entries && ce_same_name(ce, ac[0]));
-	}
+		    old->sha1, sha1, old->name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -645,24 +320,120 @@ static void mark_merge_entries(void)
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
-		ce->ce_flags |= htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_STAGEMASK;
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * This gets a mix of an existing index and a tree, one pathname entry
+ * at a time. The index entry may be a single stage-0 one, but it could
+ * also be multiple unmerged entries (in which case idx_pos/idx_nr will
+ * give you the position and number of entries in the index).
+ */
+static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
+	struct cache_entry *idx,
+	struct cache_entry *tree)
+{
+	struct rev_info *revs = o->unpack_data;
+	int match_missing, cached;
+
+	/*
+	 * Backward compatibility wart - "diff-index -m" does
+	 * not mean "do not ignore merges", but "match_missing".
+	 *
+	 * But with the revision flag parsing, that's found in
+	 * "!revs->ignore_merges".
+	 */
+	cached = o->index_only;
+	match_missing = !revs->ignore_merges;
+
+	if (cached && idx && ce_stage(idx)) {
+		if (tree)
+			diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name, idx->ce_mode, idx->sha1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Something added to the tree?
+	 */
+	if (!tree) {
+		show_new_file(revs, idx, cached, match_missing);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Something removed from the tree?
+	 */
+	if (!idx) {
+		diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", tree, tree->sha1, tree->ce_mode);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Show difference between old and new */
+	show_modified(revs, tree, idx, 1, cached, match_missing);
+}
+
+static inline void skip_same_name(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+	const struct index_state *index = o->src_index;
+
+	while (o->pos < index->cache_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *next = index->cache[o->pos];
+		if (len != ce_namelen(next))
+			break;
+		if (memcmp(ce->name, next->name, len))
+			break;
+		o->pos++;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The unpack_trees() interface is designed for merging, so
+ * the different source entries are designed primarily for
+ * the source trees, with the old index being really mainly
+ * used for being replaced by the result.
+ *
+ * For diffing, the index is more important, and we only have a
+ * single tree.
+ *
+ * We're supposed to return how many index entries we want to skip.
+ *
+ * This wrapper makes it all more readable, and takes care of all
+ * the fairly complex unpack_trees() semantic requirements, including
+ * the skipping, the path matching, the type conflict cases etc.
+ */
+static int oneway_diff(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *idx = src[0];
+	struct cache_entry *tree = src[1];
+	struct rev_info *revs = o->unpack_data;
+
+	if (idx && ce_stage(idx))
+		skip_same_name(idx, o);
+
+	/*
+	 * Unpack-trees generates a DF/conflict entry if
+	 * there was a directory in the index and a tree
+	 * in the tree. From a diff standpoint, that's a
+	 * delete of the tree and a create of the file.
+	 */
+	if (tree == o->df_conflict_entry)
+		tree = NULL;
+
+	if (ce_path_match(idx ? idx : tree, revs->prune_data))
+		do_oneway_diff(o, idx, tree);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached)
 {
-	int ret;
 	struct object *ent;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	const char *tree_name;
-	int match_missing = 0;
-
-	/* 
-	 * Backward compatibility wart - "diff-index -m" does
-	 * not mean "do not ignore merges", but totally different.
-	 */
-	if (!revs->ignore_merges)
-		match_missing = 1;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t;
 
 	mark_merge_entries();
 
@@ -671,13 +442,26 @@ int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached)
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(ent->sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		return error("bad tree object %s", tree_name);
-	if (read_tree(tree, 1, revs->prune_data))
-		return error("unable to read tree object %s", tree_name);
-	ret = diff_cache(revs, active_cache, active_nr, revs->prune_data,
-			 cached, match_missing);
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.index_only = cached;
+	opts.diff_index_cached = (cached &&
+				  !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER));
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = oneway_diff;
+	opts.unpack_data = revs;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = NULL;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
+		exit(128);
+
+	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "c/", cached ? "i/" : "w/");
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
-	return ret;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
@@ -687,6 +471,8 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 	int i;
 	struct cache_entry **dst;
 	struct cache_entry *last = NULL;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t;
 
 	/*
 	 * This is used by git-blame to run diff-cache internally;
@@ -703,8 +489,7 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 			cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree,
 						   ce->name);
 			last = ce;
-			ce->ce_mode = 0;
-			ce->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
+			ce->ce_flags |= CE_REMOVE;
 		}
 		*dst++ = ce;
 	}
@@ -715,8 +500,34 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
-	if (read_tree(tree, 1, opt->paths))
-		return error("unable to read tree %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
-	return diff_cache(&revs, active_cache, active_nr, revs.prune_data,
-			  1, 0);
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.index_only = 1;
+	opts.diff_index_cached = !DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = oneway_diff;
+	opts.unpack_data = &revs;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
+		exit(128);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, def);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, QUIET);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+	rev.diffopt.flags |= diff_flags;
+	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
+	if (rev.pending.alloc)
+		free(rev.pending.objects);
+	return (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, HAS_CHANGES) != 0);
 }
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ebc1dbd87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * "diff --no-index" support
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 by Johannes Schindelin
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 by Junio C Hamano
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+static int read_directory(const char *path, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *e;
+
+	if (!(dir = opendir(path)))
+		return error("Could not open directory %s", path);
+
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)))
+		if (strcmp(".", e->d_name) && strcmp("..", e->d_name))
+			string_list_insert(e->d_name, list);
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_mode(const char *path, int *mode)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (!path || !strcmp(path, "/dev/null"))
+		*mode = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	else if (!strcasecmp(path, "nul"))
+		*mode = 0;
+#endif
+	else if (!strcmp(path, "-"))
+		*mode = create_ce_mode(0666);
+	else if (lstat(path, &st))
+		return error("Could not access '%s'", path);
+	else
+		*mode = st.st_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
+		const char *name1, const char *name2)
+{
+	int mode1 = 0, mode2 = 0;
+
+	if (get_mode(name1, &mode1) || get_mode(name2, &mode2))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (mode1 && mode2 && S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2))
+		return error("file/directory conflict: %s, %s", name1, name2);
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) || S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
+		char buffer1[PATH_MAX], buffer2[PATH_MAX];
+		struct string_list p1 = {NULL, 0, 0, 1}, p2 = {NULL, 0, 0, 1};
+		int len1 = 0, len2 = 0, i1, i2, ret = 0;
+
+		if (name1 && read_directory(name1, &p1))
+			return -1;
+		if (name2 && read_directory(name2, &p2)) {
+			string_list_clear(&p1, 0);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (name1) {
+			len1 = strlen(name1);
+			if (len1 > 0 && name1[len1 - 1] == '/')
+				len1--;
+			memcpy(buffer1, name1, len1);
+			buffer1[len1++] = '/';
+		}
+
+		if (name2) {
+			len2 = strlen(name2);
+			if (len2 > 0 && name2[len2 - 1] == '/')
+				len2--;
+			memcpy(buffer2, name2, len2);
+			buffer2[len2++] = '/';
+		}
+
+		for (i1 = i2 = 0; !ret && (i1 < p1.nr || i2 < p2.nr); ) {
+			const char *n1, *n2;
+			int comp;
+
+			if (i1 == p1.nr)
+				comp = 1;
+			else if (i2 == p2.nr)
+				comp = -1;
+			else
+				comp = strcmp(p1.items[i1].string,
+					p2.items[i2].string);
+
+			if (comp > 0)
+				n1 = NULL;
+			else {
+				n1 = buffer1;
+				strncpy(buffer1 + len1, p1.items[i1++].string,
+						PATH_MAX - len1);
+			}
+
+			if (comp < 0)
+				n2 = NULL;
+			else {
+				n2 = buffer2;
+				strncpy(buffer2 + len2, p2.items[i2++].string,
+						PATH_MAX - len2);
+			}
+
+			ret = queue_diff(o, n1, n2);
+		}
+		string_list_clear(&p1, 0);
+		string_list_clear(&p2, 0);
+
+		return ret;
+	} else {
+		struct diff_filespec *d1, *d2;
+
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+			unsigned tmp;
+			const char *tmp_c;
+			tmp = mode1; mode1 = mode2; mode2 = tmp;
+			tmp_c = name1; name1 = name2; name2 = tmp_c;
+		}
+
+		if (!name1)
+			name1 = "/dev/null";
+		if (!name2)
+			name2 = "/dev/null";
+		d1 = alloc_filespec(name1);
+		d2 = alloc_filespec(name2);
+		fill_filespec(d1, null_sha1, mode1);
+		fill_filespec(d2, null_sha1, mode2);
+
+		diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, d1, d2);
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int path_outside_repo(const char *path)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We have already done setup_git_directory_gently() so we
+	 * know we are inside a git work tree already.
+	 */
+	const char *work_tree;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (!is_absolute_path(path))
+		return 0;
+	work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+	len = strlen(work_tree);
+	if (strncmp(path, work_tree, len) ||
+	    (path[len] != '\0' && path[len] != '/'))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
+		   int argc, const char **argv,
+		   int nongit, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	int no_index = 0;
+	unsigned options = 0;
+
+	/* Were we asked to do --no-index explicitly? */
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index"))
+			no_index = 1;
+		if (argv[i][0] != '-')
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (!no_index && !nongit) {
+		/*
+		 * Inside a git repository, without --no-index.  Only
+		 * when a path outside the repository is given,
+		 * e.g. "git diff /var/tmp/[12]", or "git diff
+		 * Makefile /var/tmp/Makefile", allow it to be used as
+		 * a colourful "diff" replacement.
+		 */
+		if ((argc != i + 2) ||
+		    (!path_outside_repo(argv[i]) &&
+		     !path_outside_repo(argv[i+1])))
+			return;
+	}
+	if (argc != i + 2)
+		die("git diff %s takes two paths",
+		    no_index ? "--no-index" : "[--no-index]");
+
+	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
+	for (i = 1; i < argc - 2; ) {
+		int j;
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index"))
+			i++;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-q")) {
+			options |= DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+			i++;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
+			i++;
+		else {
+			j = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv + i, argc - i);
+			if (!j)
+				die("invalid diff option/value: %s", argv[i]);
+			i += j;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
+	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
+	 */
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
+		setup_pager();
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		int len = strlen(prefix);
+
+		revs->diffopt.paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(char *));
+		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+			const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
+			/*
+			 * stdin should be spelled as '-'; if you have
+			 * path that is '-', spell it as ./-.
+			 */
+			p = (strcmp(p, "-")
+			     ? xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, len, p))
+			     : p);
+			revs->diffopt.paths[i] = p;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+		revs->diffopt.paths = argv + argc - 2;
+	revs->diffopt.nr_paths = 2;
+	revs->diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = 1;
+	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
+		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, NO_INDEX);
+
+	revs->max_count = -2;
+	if (diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt) < 0)
+		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+
+	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, revs->diffopt.paths[0],
+		       revs->diffopt.paths[1]))
+		exit(1);
+	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "1/", "2/");
+	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
+	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
+
+	/*
+	 * The return code for --no-index imitates diff(1):
+	 * 0 = no changes, 1 = changes, else error
+	 */
+	exit(revs->diffopt.found_changes);
+}
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index fbb79d70a9..cd35e0c2d7 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "color.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 0
@@ -15,23 +20,29 @@
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 1
 #endif
 
-static int use_size_cache;
-
 static int diff_detect_rename_default;
-static int diff_rename_limit_default = -1;
-static int diff_use_color_default;
+static int diff_rename_limit_default = 200;
+static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
+int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static const char *diff_word_regex_cfg;
+static const char *external_diff_cmd_cfg;
+int diff_auto_refresh_index = 1;
+static int diff_mnemonic_prefix;
 
 static char diff_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"\033[m",	/* reset */
-	"",		/* PLAIN (normal) */
-	"\033[1m",	/* METAINFO (bold) */
-	"\033[36m",	/* FRAGINFO (cyan) */
-	"\033[31m",	/* OLD (red) */
-	"\033[32m",	/* NEW (green) */
-	"\033[33m",	/* COMMIT (yellow) */
-	"\033[41m",	/* WHITESPACE (red background) */
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD,		/* METAINFO */
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,		/* FRAGINFO */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* OLD */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* NEW */
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,	/* COMMIT */
+	GIT_COLOR_BG_RED,	/* WHITESPACE */
 };
 
+static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one);
+static char *run_textconv(const char *, struct diff_filespec *, size_t *);
+
 static int parse_diff_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "plain"))
@@ -51,78 +62,95 @@ static int parse_diff_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
 }
 
+static int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "copies") || !strcasecmp(value, "copy"))
+		return  DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
+	return git_config_bool(var,value) ? DIFF_DETECT_RENAME : 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * These are to give UI layer defaults.
  * The core-level commands such as git-diff-files should
  * never be affected by the setting of diff.renames
  * the user happens to have in the configuration file.
  */
-int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renamelimit")) {
-		diff_rename_limit_default = git_config_int(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.diff")) {
-		diff_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
+		diff_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renames")) {
-		if (!value)
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
-		else if (!strcasecmp(value, "copies") ||
-			 !strcasecmp(value, "copy"))
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
-		else if (git_config_bool(var,value))
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+		diff_detect_rename_default = git_config_rename(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.autorefreshindex")) {
+		diff_auto_refresh_index = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.mnemonicprefix")) {
+		diff_mnemonic_prefix = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.external"))
+		return git_config_string(&external_diff_cmd_cfg, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.wordregex"))
+		return git_config_string(&diff_word_regex_cfg, var, value);
+
+	return git_diff_basic_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renamelimit")) {
+		diff_rename_limit_default = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
+		case 0: break;
+		case -1: return -1;
+		default: return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "diff.color.") || !prefixcmp(var, "color.diff.")) {
 		int slot = parse_diff_color_slot(var, 11);
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		color_parse(value, var, diff_colors[slot]);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
-}
 
-static char *quote_one(const char *str)
-{
-	int needlen;
-	char *xp;
+	/* like GNU diff's --suppress-blank-empty option  */
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.suppressblankempty") ||
+			/* for backwards compatibility */
+			!strcmp(var, "diff.suppress-blank-empty")) {
+		diff_suppress_blank_empty = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
-	if (!str)
-		return NULL;
-	needlen = quote_c_style(str, NULL, NULL, 0);
-	if (!needlen)
-		return xstrdup(str);
-	xp = xmalloc(needlen + 1);
-	quote_c_style(str, xp, NULL, 0);
-	return xp;
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static char *quote_two(const char *one, const char *two)
 {
 	int need_one = quote_c_style(one, NULL, NULL, 1);
 	int need_two = quote_c_style(two, NULL, NULL, 1);
-	char *xp;
+	struct strbuf res = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (need_one + need_two) {
-		if (!need_one) need_one = strlen(one);
-		if (!need_two) need_one = strlen(two);
-
-		xp = xmalloc(need_one + need_two + 3);
-		xp[0] = '"';
-		quote_c_style(one, xp + 1, NULL, 1);
-		quote_c_style(two, xp + need_one + 1, NULL, 1);
-		strcpy(xp + need_one + need_two + 1, "\"");
-		return xp;
+		strbuf_addch(&res, '"');
+		quote_c_style(one, &res, NULL, 1);
+		quote_c_style(two, &res, NULL, 1);
+		strbuf_addch(&res, '"');
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(&res, one);
+		strbuf_addstr(&res, two);
 	}
-	need_one = strlen(one);
-	need_two = strlen(two);
-	xp = xmalloc(need_one + need_two + 1);
-	strcpy(xp, one);
-	strcpy(xp + need_one, two);
-	return xp;
+	return strbuf_detach(&res, NULL);
 }
 
 static const char *external_diff(void)
@@ -133,19 +161,46 @@ static const char *external_diff(void)
 	if (done_preparing)
 		return external_diff_cmd;
 	external_diff_cmd = getenv("GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF");
+	if (!external_diff_cmd)
+		external_diff_cmd = external_diff_cmd_cfg;
 	done_preparing = 1;
 	return external_diff_cmd;
 }
 
-#define TEMPFILE_PATH_LEN		50
-
 static struct diff_tempfile {
 	const char *name; /* filename external diff should read from */
 	char hex[41];
 	char mode[10];
-	char tmp_path[TEMPFILE_PATH_LEN];
+	char tmp_path[PATH_MAX];
 } diff_temp[2];
 
+static struct diff_tempfile *claim_diff_tempfile(void) {
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++)
+		if (!diff_temp[i].name)
+			return diff_temp + i;
+	die("BUG: diff is failing to clean up its tempfiles");
+}
+
+static int remove_tempfile_installed;
+
+static void remove_tempfile(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++) {
+		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path)
+			unlink_or_warn(diff_temp[i].name);
+		diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_tempfile();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
 static int count_lines(const char *data, int size)
 {
 	int count, ch, completely_empty = 1, nl_just_seen = 0;
@@ -169,76 +224,117 @@ static int count_lines(const char *data, int size)
 	return count;
 }
 
-static void print_line_count(int count)
+static void print_line_count(FILE *file, int count)
 {
 	switch (count) {
 	case 0:
-		printf("0,0");
+		fprintf(file, "0,0");
 		break;
 	case 1:
-		printf("1");
+		fprintf(file, "1");
 		break;
 	default:
-		printf("1,%d", count);
+		fprintf(file, "1,%d", count);
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
-static void copy_file(int prefix, const char *data, int size,
-		const char *set, const char *reset)
+static void copy_file_with_prefix(FILE *file,
+				  int prefix, const char *data, int size,
+				  const char *set, const char *reset)
 {
 	int ch, nl_just_seen = 1;
 	while (0 < size--) {
 		ch = *data++;
 		if (nl_just_seen) {
-			fputs(set, stdout);
-			putchar(prefix);
+			fputs(set, file);
+			putc(prefix, file);
 		}
 		if (ch == '\n') {
 			nl_just_seen = 1;
-			fputs(reset, stdout);
+			fputs(reset, file);
 		} else
 			nl_just_seen = 0;
-		putchar(ch);
+		putc(ch, file);
 	}
 	if (!nl_just_seen)
-		printf("%s\n\\ No newline at end of file\n", reset);
+		fprintf(file, "%s\n\\ No newline at end of file\n", reset);
 }
 
 static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 			      const char *name_b,
 			      struct diff_filespec *one,
 			      struct diff_filespec *two,
-			      int color_diff)
+			      const char *textconv_one,
+			      const char *textconv_two,
+			      struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	int lc_a, lc_b;
+	int color_diff = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, COLOR_DIFF);
 	const char *name_a_tab, *name_b_tab;
 	const char *metainfo = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *fraginfo = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
 	const char *old = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 	const char *new = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+	static struct strbuf a_name = STRBUF_INIT, b_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
+	const char *data_one, *data_two;
+	size_t size_one, size_two;
+
+	if (diff_mnemonic_prefix && DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
+		b_prefix = o->a_prefix;
+	} else {
+		a_prefix = o->a_prefix;
+		b_prefix = o->b_prefix;
+	}
 
 	name_a += (*name_a == '/');
 	name_b += (*name_b == '/');
 	name_a_tab = strchr(name_a, ' ') ? "\t" : "";
 	name_b_tab = strchr(name_b, ' ') ? "\t" : "";
 
+	strbuf_reset(&a_name);
+	strbuf_reset(&b_name);
+	quote_two_c_style(&a_name, a_prefix, name_a, 0);
+	quote_two_c_style(&b_name, b_prefix, name_b, 0);
+
 	diff_populate_filespec(one, 0);
 	diff_populate_filespec(two, 0);
-	lc_a = count_lines(one->data, one->size);
-	lc_b = count_lines(two->data, two->size);
-	printf("%s--- a/%s%s%s\n%s+++ b/%s%s%s\n%s@@ -",
-	       metainfo, name_a, name_a_tab, reset,
-	       metainfo, name_b, name_b_tab, reset, fraginfo);
-	print_line_count(lc_a);
-	printf(" +");
-	print_line_count(lc_b);
-	printf(" @@%s\n", reset);
+	if (textconv_one) {
+		data_one = run_textconv(textconv_one, one, &size_one);
+		if (!data_one)
+			die("unable to read files to diff");
+	}
+	else {
+		data_one = one->data;
+		size_one = one->size;
+	}
+	if (textconv_two) {
+		data_two = run_textconv(textconv_two, two, &size_two);
+		if (!data_two)
+			die("unable to read files to diff");
+	}
+	else {
+		data_two = two->data;
+		size_two = two->size;
+	}
+
+	lc_a = count_lines(data_one, size_one);
+	lc_b = count_lines(data_two, size_two);
+	fprintf(o->file,
+		"%s--- %s%s%s\n%s+++ %s%s%s\n%s@@ -",
+		metainfo, a_name.buf, name_a_tab, reset,
+		metainfo, b_name.buf, name_b_tab, reset, fraginfo);
+	print_line_count(o->file, lc_a);
+	fprintf(o->file, " +");
+	print_line_count(o->file, lc_b);
+	fprintf(o->file, " @@%s\n", reset);
 	if (lc_a)
-		copy_file('-', one->data, one->size, old, reset);
+		copy_file_with_prefix(o->file, '-', data_one, size_one, old, reset);
 	if (lc_b)
-		copy_file('+', two->data, two->size, new, reset);
+		copy_file_with_prefix(o->file, '+', data_two, size_two, new, reset);
 }
 
 static int fill_mmfile(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_filespec *one)
@@ -250,6 +346,7 @@ static int fill_mmfile(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_filespec *one)
 	}
 	else if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 		return -1;
+
 	mf->ptr = one->data;
 	mf->size = one->size;
 	return 0;
@@ -258,79 +355,138 @@ static int fill_mmfile(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_filespec *one)
 struct diff_words_buffer {
 	mmfile_t text;
 	long alloc;
-	long current; /* output pointer */
-	int suppressed_newline;
+	struct diff_words_orig {
+		const char *begin, *end;
+	} *orig;
+	int orig_nr, orig_alloc;
 };
 
 static void diff_words_append(char *line, unsigned long len,
 		struct diff_words_buffer *buffer)
 {
-	if (buffer->text.size + len > buffer->alloc) {
-		buffer->alloc = (buffer->text.size + len) * 3 / 2;
-		buffer->text.ptr = xrealloc(buffer->text.ptr, buffer->alloc);
-	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(buffer->text.ptr, buffer->text.size + len, buffer->alloc);
 	line++;
 	len--;
 	memcpy(buffer->text.ptr + buffer->text.size, line, len);
 	buffer->text.size += len;
+	buffer->text.ptr[buffer->text.size] = '\0';
 }
 
 struct diff_words_data {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
 	struct diff_words_buffer minus, plus;
+	const char *current_plus;
+	FILE *file;
+	regex_t *word_regex;
 };
 
-static void print_word(struct diff_words_buffer *buffer, int len, int color,
-		int suppress_newline)
+static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
-	const char *ptr;
-	int eol = 0;
+	struct diff_words_data *diff_words = priv;
+	int minus_first, minus_len, plus_first, plus_len;
+	const char *minus_begin, *minus_end, *plus_begin, *plus_end;
 
-	if (len == 0)
+	if (line[0] != '@' || parse_hunk_header(line, len,
+			&minus_first, &minus_len, &plus_first, &plus_len))
 		return;
 
-	ptr  = buffer->text.ptr + buffer->current;
-	buffer->current += len;
-
-	if (ptr[len - 1] == '\n') {
-		eol = 1;
-		len--;
+	/* POSIX requires that first be decremented by one if len == 0... */
+	if (minus_len) {
+		minus_begin = diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first].begin;
+		minus_end =
+			diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first + minus_len - 1].end;
+	} else
+		minus_begin = minus_end =
+			diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first].end;
+
+	if (plus_len) {
+		plus_begin = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first].begin;
+		plus_end = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first + plus_len - 1].end;
+	} else
+		plus_begin = plus_end = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first].end;
+
+	if (diff_words->current_plus != plus_begin)
+		fwrite(diff_words->current_plus,
+				plus_begin - diff_words->current_plus, 1,
+				diff_words->file);
+	if (minus_begin != minus_end)
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+				diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_OLD),
+				minus_end - minus_begin, minus_begin);
+	if (plus_begin != plus_end)
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+				diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_NEW),
+				plus_end - plus_begin, plus_begin);
+
+	diff_words->current_plus = plus_end;
+}
+
+/* This function starts looking at *begin, and returns 0 iff a word was found. */
+static int find_word_boundaries(mmfile_t *buffer, regex_t *word_regex,
+		int *begin, int *end)
+{
+	if (word_regex && *begin < buffer->size) {
+		regmatch_t match[1];
+		if (!regexec(word_regex, buffer->ptr + *begin, 1, match, 0)) {
+			char *p = memchr(buffer->ptr + *begin + match[0].rm_so,
+					'\n', match[0].rm_eo - match[0].rm_so);
+			*end = p ? p - buffer->ptr : match[0].rm_eo + *begin;
+			*begin += match[0].rm_so;
+			return *begin >= *end;
+		}
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	fputs(diff_get_color(1, color), stdout);
-	fwrite(ptr, len, 1, stdout);
-	fputs(diff_get_color(1, DIFF_RESET), stdout);
+	/* find the next word */
+	while (*begin < buffer->size && isspace(buffer->ptr[*begin]))
+		(*begin)++;
+	if (*begin >= buffer->size)
+		return -1;
 
-	if (eol) {
-		if (suppress_newline)
-			buffer->suppressed_newline = 1;
-		else
-			putchar('\n');
-	}
+	/* find the end of the word */
+	*end = *begin + 1;
+	while (*end < buffer->size && !isspace(buffer->ptr[*end]))
+		(*end)++;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
+/*
+ * This function splits the words in buffer->text, stores the list with
+ * newline separator into out, and saves the offsets of the original words
+ * in buffer->orig.
+ */
+static void diff_words_fill(struct diff_words_buffer *buffer, mmfile_t *out,
+		regex_t *word_regex)
 {
-	struct diff_words_data *diff_words = priv;
+	int i, j;
+	long alloc = 0;
 
-	if (diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline) {
-		if (line[0] != '+')
-			putchar('\n');
-		diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline = 0;
-	}
+	out->size = 0;
+	out->ptr = NULL;
 
-	len--;
-	switch (line[0]) {
-		case '-':
-			print_word(&diff_words->minus, len, DIFF_FILE_OLD, 1);
-			break;
-		case '+':
-			print_word(&diff_words->plus, len, DIFF_FILE_NEW, 0);
-			break;
-		case ' ':
-			print_word(&diff_words->plus, len, DIFF_PLAIN, 0);
-			diff_words->minus.current += len;
-			break;
+	/* fake an empty "0th" word */
+	ALLOC_GROW(buffer->orig, 1, buffer->orig_alloc);
+	buffer->orig[0].begin = buffer->orig[0].end = buffer->text.ptr;
+	buffer->orig_nr = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < buffer->text.size; i++) {
+		if (find_word_boundaries(&buffer->text, word_regex, &i, &j))
+			return;
+
+		/* store original boundaries */
+		ALLOC_GROW(buffer->orig, buffer->orig_nr + 1,
+				buffer->orig_alloc);
+		buffer->orig[buffer->orig_nr].begin = buffer->text.ptr + i;
+		buffer->orig[buffer->orig_nr].end = buffer->text.ptr + j;
+		buffer->orig_nr++;
+
+		/* store one word */
+		ALLOC_GROW(out->ptr, out->size + j - i + 1, alloc);
+		memcpy(out->ptr + out->size, buffer->text.ptr + i, j - i);
+		out->ptr[out->size + j - i] = '\n';
+		out->size += j - i + 1;
+
+		i = j - 1;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -341,48 +497,48 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 	xdemitcb_t ecb;
 	mmfile_t minus, plus;
-	int i;
 
-	minus.size = diff_words->minus.text.size;
-	minus.ptr = xmalloc(minus.size);
-	memcpy(minus.ptr, diff_words->minus.text.ptr, minus.size);
-	for (i = 0; i < minus.size; i++)
-		if (isspace(minus.ptr[i]))
-			minus.ptr[i] = '\n';
-	diff_words->minus.current = 0;
-
-	plus.size = diff_words->plus.text.size;
-	plus.ptr = xmalloc(plus.size);
-	memcpy(plus.ptr, diff_words->plus.text.ptr, plus.size);
-	for (i = 0; i < plus.size; i++)
-		if (isspace(plus.ptr[i]))
-			plus.ptr[i] = '\n';
-	diff_words->plus.current = 0;
+	/* special case: only removal */
+	if (!diff_words->plus.text.size) {
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+			diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_OLD),
+			diff_words->minus.text.size, diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
+		diff_words->minus.text.size = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	diff_words->current_plus = diff_words->plus.text.ptr;
 
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	diff_words_fill(&diff_words->minus, &minus, diff_words->word_regex);
+	diff_words_fill(&diff_words->plus, &plus, diff_words->word_regex);
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
-	xecfg.ctxlen = diff_words->minus.alloc + diff_words->plus.alloc;
-	xecfg.flags = 0;
-	ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-	ecb.priv = diff_words;
-	diff_words->xm.consume = fn_out_diff_words_aux;
-	xdl_diff(&minus, &plus, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
-
+	/* as only the hunk header will be parsed, we need a 0-context */
+	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
+	xdi_diff_outf(&minus, &plus, fn_out_diff_words_aux, diff_words,
+		      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	free(minus.ptr);
 	free(plus.ptr);
+	if (diff_words->current_plus != diff_words->plus.text.ptr +
+			diff_words->plus.text.size)
+		fwrite(diff_words->current_plus,
+			diff_words->plus.text.ptr + diff_words->plus.text.size
+			- diff_words->current_plus, 1,
+			diff_words->file);
 	diff_words->minus.text.size = diff_words->plus.text.size = 0;
-
-	if (diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline) {
-		putchar('\n');
-		diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline = 0;
-	}
 }
 
+typedef unsigned long (*sane_truncate_fn)(char *line, unsigned long len);
+
 struct emit_callback {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
 	int nparents, color_diff;
+	unsigned ws_rule;
+	sane_truncate_fn truncate;
 	const char **label_path;
 	struct diff_words_data *diff_words;
 	int *found_changesp;
+	FILE *file;
 };
 
 static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
@@ -393,10 +549,11 @@ static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 				ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.size)
 			diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
 
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr)
-			free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.ptr)
-			free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.ptr);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.orig);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.ptr);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.orig);
+		free(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex);
 		free(ecbdata->diff_words);
 		ecbdata->diff_words = NULL;
 	}
@@ -409,77 +566,24 @@ const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix)
 	return "";
 }
 
-static void emit_line(const char *set, const char *reset, const char *line, int len)
+static void emit_line(FILE *file, const char *set, const char *reset, const char *line, int len)
 {
-	if (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n')
+	int has_trailing_newline, has_trailing_carriage_return;
+
+	has_trailing_newline = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n');
+	if (has_trailing_newline)
+		len--;
+	has_trailing_carriage_return = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\r');
+	if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
 		len--;
-	fputs(set, stdout);
-	fwrite(line, len, 1, stdout);
-	puts(reset);
-}
 
-static void emit_line_with_ws(int nparents,
-		const char *set, const char *reset, const char *ws,
-		const char *line, int len)
-{
-	int col0 = nparents;
-	int last_tab_in_indent = -1;
-	int last_space_in_indent = -1;
-	int i;
-	int tail = len;
-	int need_highlight_leading_space = 0;
-	/* The line is a newly added line.  Does it have funny leading
-	 * whitespaces?  In indent, SP should never precede a TAB.
-	 */
-	for (i = col0; i < len; i++) {
-		if (line[i] == '\t') {
-			last_tab_in_indent = i;
-			if (0 <= last_space_in_indent)
-				need_highlight_leading_space = 1;
-		}
-		else if (line[i] == ' ')
-			last_space_in_indent = i;
-		else
-			break;
-	}
-	fputs(set, stdout);
-	fwrite(line, col0, 1, stdout);
-	fputs(reset, stdout);
-	if (((i == len) || line[i] == '\n') && i != col0) {
-		/* The whole line was indent */
-		emit_line(ws, reset, line + col0, len - col0);
-		return;
-	}
-	i = col0;
-	if (need_highlight_leading_space) {
-		while (i < last_tab_in_indent) {
-			if (line[i] == ' ') {
-				fputs(ws, stdout);
-				putchar(' ');
-				fputs(reset, stdout);
-			}
-			else
-				putchar(line[i]);
-			i++;
-		}
-	}
-	tail = len - 1;
-	if (line[tail] == '\n' && i < tail)
-		tail--;
-	while (i < tail) {
-		if (!isspace(line[tail]))
-			break;
-		tail--;
-	}
-	if ((i < tail && line[tail + 1] != '\n')) {
-		/* This has whitespace between tail+1..len */
-		fputs(set, stdout);
-		fwrite(line + i, tail - i + 1, 1, stdout);
-		fputs(reset, stdout);
-		emit_line(ws, reset, line + tail + 1, len - tail - 1);
-	}
-	else
-		emit_line(set, reset, line + i, len - i);
+	fputs(set, file);
+	fwrite(line, len, 1, file);
+	fputs(reset, file);
+	if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
+		fputc('\r', file);
+	if (has_trailing_newline)
+		fputc('\n', file);
 }
 
 static void emit_add_line(const char *reset, struct emit_callback *ecbdata, const char *line, int len)
@@ -488,10 +592,32 @@ static void emit_add_line(const char *reset, struct emit_callback *ecbdata, cons
 	const char *set = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 
 	if (!*ws)
-		emit_line(set, reset, line, len);
-	else
-		emit_line_with_ws(ecbdata->nparents, set, reset, ws,
-				line, len);
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, set, reset, line, len);
+	else {
+		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, set, reset, line, ecbdata->nparents);
+		ws_check_emit(line + ecbdata->nparents,
+			      len - ecbdata->nparents, ecbdata->ws_rule,
+			      ecbdata->file, set, reset, ws);
+	}
+}
+
+static unsigned long sane_truncate_line(struct emit_callback *ecb, char *line, unsigned long len)
+{
+	const char *cp;
+	unsigned long allot;
+	size_t l = len;
+
+	if (ecb->truncate)
+		return ecb->truncate(line, len);
+	cp = line;
+	allot = l;
+	while (0 < l) {
+		(void) utf8_width(&cp, &l);
+		if (!cp)
+			break; /* truncated in the middle? */
+	}
+	return allot - l;
 }
 
 static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
@@ -499,7 +625,8 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	int i;
 	int color;
 	struct emit_callback *ecbdata = priv;
-	const char *set = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
+	const char *meta = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
+	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
 
 	*(ecbdata->found_changesp) = 1;
@@ -510,13 +637,19 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		name_a_tab = strchr(ecbdata->label_path[0], ' ') ? "\t" : "";
 		name_b_tab = strchr(ecbdata->label_path[1], ' ') ? "\t" : "";
 
-		printf("%s--- %s%s%s\n",
-		       set, ecbdata->label_path[0], reset, name_a_tab);
-		printf("%s+++ %s%s%s\n",
-		       set, ecbdata->label_path[1], reset, name_b_tab);
+		fprintf(ecbdata->file, "%s--- %s%s%s\n",
+			meta, ecbdata->label_path[0], reset, name_a_tab);
+		fprintf(ecbdata->file, "%s+++ %s%s%s\n",
+			meta, ecbdata->label_path[1], reset, name_b_tab);
 		ecbdata->label_path[0] = ecbdata->label_path[1] = NULL;
 	}
 
+	if (diff_suppress_blank_empty
+	    && len == 2 && line[0] == ' ' && line[1] == '\n') {
+		line[0] = '\n';
+		len = 1;
+	}
+
 	/* This is not really necessary for now because
 	 * this codepath only deals with two-way diffs.
 	 */
@@ -524,14 +657,17 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		;
 	if (2 <= i && i < len && line[i] == ' ') {
 		ecbdata->nparents = i - 1;
-		emit_line(diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO),
+		len = sane_truncate_line(ecbdata, line, len);
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file,
+			  diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO),
 			  reset, line, len);
+		if (line[len-1] != '\n')
+			putc('\n', ecbdata->file);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (len < ecbdata->nparents) {
-		set = reset;
-		emit_line(reset, reset, line, len);
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, reset, reset, line, len);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -554,7 +690,7 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 			diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
 		line++;
 		len--;
-		emit_line(set, reset, line, len);
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, plain, reset, line, len);
 		return;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < ecbdata->nparents && len; i++) {
@@ -565,7 +701,8 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	}
 
 	if (color != DIFF_FILE_NEW) {
-		emit_line(diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, color),
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file,
+			  diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, color),
 			  reset, line, len);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -576,27 +713,19 @@ static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
 {
 	const char *old = a;
 	const char *new = b;
-	char *name = NULL;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int pfx_length, sfx_length;
 	int len_a = strlen(a);
 	int len_b = strlen(b);
+	int a_midlen, b_midlen;
 	int qlen_a = quote_c_style(a, NULL, NULL, 0);
 	int qlen_b = quote_c_style(b, NULL, NULL, 0);
 
 	if (qlen_a || qlen_b) {
-		if (qlen_a) len_a = qlen_a;
-		if (qlen_b) len_b = qlen_b;
-		name = xmalloc( len_a + len_b + 5 );
-		if (qlen_a)
-			quote_c_style(a, name, NULL, 0);
-		else
-			memcpy(name, a, len_a);
-		memcpy(name + len_a, " => ", 4);
-		if (qlen_b)
-			quote_c_style(b, name + len_a + 4, NULL, 0);
-		else
-			memcpy(name + len_a + 4, b, len_b + 1);
-		return name;
+		quote_c_style(a, &name, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(&name, " => ");
+		quote_c_style(b, &name, NULL, 0);
+		return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
 	}
 
 	/* Find common prefix */
@@ -625,33 +754,35 @@ static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
 	 * pfx{sfx-a => sfx-b}
 	 * name-a => name-b
 	 */
+	a_midlen = len_a - pfx_length - sfx_length;
+	b_midlen = len_b - pfx_length - sfx_length;
+	if (a_midlen < 0)
+		a_midlen = 0;
+	if (b_midlen < 0)
+		b_midlen = 0;
+
+	strbuf_grow(&name, pfx_length + a_midlen + b_midlen + sfx_length + 7);
 	if (pfx_length + sfx_length) {
-		int a_midlen = len_a - pfx_length - sfx_length;
-		int b_midlen = len_b - pfx_length - sfx_length;
-		if (a_midlen < 0) a_midlen = 0;
-		if (b_midlen < 0) b_midlen = 0;
-
-		name = xmalloc(pfx_length + a_midlen + b_midlen + sfx_length + 7);
-		sprintf(name, "%.*s{%.*s => %.*s}%s",
-			pfx_length, a,
-			a_midlen, a + pfx_length,
-			b_midlen, b + pfx_length,
-			a + len_a - sfx_length);
+		strbuf_add(&name, a, pfx_length);
+		strbuf_addch(&name, '{');
 	}
-	else {
-		name = xmalloc(len_a + len_b + 5);
-		sprintf(name, "%s => %s", a, b);
+	strbuf_add(&name, a + pfx_length, a_midlen);
+	strbuf_addstr(&name, " => ");
+	strbuf_add(&name, b + pfx_length, b_midlen);
+	if (pfx_length + sfx_length) {
+		strbuf_addch(&name, '}');
+		strbuf_add(&name, a + len_a - sfx_length, sfx_length);
 	}
-	return name;
+	return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
 }
 
 struct diffstat_t {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
-
 	int nr;
 	int alloc;
 	struct diffstat_file {
+		char *from_name;
 		char *name;
+		char *print_name;
 		unsigned is_unmerged:1;
 		unsigned is_binary:1;
 		unsigned is_renamed:1;
@@ -672,11 +803,14 @@ static struct diffstat_file *diffstat_add(struct diffstat_t *diffstat,
 	}
 	diffstat->files[diffstat->nr++] = x;
 	if (name_b) {
-		x->name = pprint_rename(name_a, name_b);
+		x->from_name = xstrdup(name_a);
+		x->name = xstrdup(name_b);
 		x->is_renamed = 1;
 	}
-	else
+	else {
+		x->from_name = NULL;
 		x->name = xstrdup(name_a);
+	}
 	return x;
 }
 
@@ -704,25 +838,46 @@ static int scale_linear(int it, int width, int max_change)
 	return ((it - 1) * (width - 1) + max_change - 1) / (max_change - 1);
 }
 
-static void show_name(const char *prefix, const char *name, int len,
-		      const char *reset, const char *set)
+static void show_name(FILE *file,
+		      const char *prefix, const char *name, int len)
 {
-	printf(" %s%s%-*s%s |", set, prefix, len, name, reset);
+	fprintf(file, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
 }
 
-static void show_graph(char ch, int cnt, const char *set, const char *reset)
+static void show_graph(FILE *file, char ch, int cnt, const char *set, const char *reset)
 {
 	if (cnt <= 0)
 		return;
-	printf("%s", set);
+	fprintf(file, "%s", set);
 	while (cnt--)
-		putchar(ch);
-	printf("%s", reset);
+		putc(ch, file);
+	fprintf(file, "%s", reset);
 }
 
-static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
+static void fill_print_name(struct diffstat_file *file)
 {
-	int i, len, add, del, total, adds = 0, dels = 0;
+	char *pname;
+
+	if (file->print_name)
+		return;
+
+	if (!file->is_renamed) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (quote_c_style(file->name, &buf, NULL, 0)) {
+			pname = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+		} else {
+			pname = file->name;
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+		}
+	} else {
+		pname = pprint_rename(file->from_name, file->name);
+	}
+	file->print_name = pname;
+}
+
+static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
+{
+	int i, len, add, del, adds = 0, dels = 0;
 	int max_change = 0, max_len = 0;
 	int total_files = data->nr;
 	int width, name_width;
@@ -737,34 +892,24 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 	/* Sanity: give at least 5 columns to the graph,
 	 * but leave at least 10 columns for the name.
 	 */
-	if (width < name_width + 15) {
-		if (name_width <= 25)
-			width = name_width + 15;
-		else
-			name_width = width - 15;
-	}
+	if (width < 25)
+		width = 25;
+	if (name_width < 10)
+		name_width = 10;
+	else if (width < name_width + 15)
+		name_width = width - 15;
 
 	/* Find the longest filename and max number of changes */
-	reset = diff_get_color(options->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
-	set = diff_get_color(options->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
-	add_c = diff_get_color(options->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-	del_c = diff_get_color(options->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+	reset = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_RESET);
+	set   = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	add_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+	del_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
 		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
 		int change = file->added + file->deleted;
-
-		if (!file->is_renamed) {  /* renames are already quoted by pprint_rename */
-			len = quote_c_style(file->name, NULL, NULL, 0);
-			if (len) {
-				char *qname = xmalloc(len + 1);
-				quote_c_style(file->name, qname, NULL, 0);
-				free(file->name);
-				file->name = qname;
-			}
-		}
-
-		len = strlen(file->name);
+		fill_print_name(file);
+		len = strlen(file->print_name);
 		if (max_len < len)
 			max_len = len;
 
@@ -789,7 +934,7 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
 		const char *prefix = "";
-		char *name = data->files[i]->name;
+		char *name = data->files[i]->print_name;
 		int added = data->files[i]->added;
 		int deleted = data->files[i]->deleted;
 		int name_len;
@@ -810,24 +955,24 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 		}
 
 		if (data->files[i]->is_binary) {
-			show_name(prefix, name, len, reset, set);
-			printf("  Bin ");
-			printf("%s%d%s", del_c, deleted, reset);
-			printf(" -> ");
-			printf("%s%d%s", add_c, added, reset);
-			printf(" bytes");
-			printf("\n");
-			goto free_diffstat_file;
+			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
+			fprintf(options->file, "  Bin ");
+			fprintf(options->file, "%s%d%s", del_c, deleted, reset);
+			fprintf(options->file, " -> ");
+			fprintf(options->file, "%s%d%s", add_c, added, reset);
+			fprintf(options->file, " bytes");
+			fprintf(options->file, "\n");
+			continue;
 		}
 		else if (data->files[i]->is_unmerged) {
-			show_name(prefix, name, len, reset, set);
-			printf("  Unmerged\n");
-			goto free_diffstat_file;
+			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
+			fprintf(options->file, "  Unmerged\n");
+			continue;
 		}
 		else if (!data->files[i]->is_renamed &&
 			 (added + deleted == 0)) {
 			total_files--;
-			goto free_diffstat_file;
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -835,30 +980,26 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 		 */
 		add = added;
 		del = deleted;
-		total = add + del;
 		adds += add;
 		dels += del;
 
 		if (width <= max_change) {
 			add = scale_linear(add, width, max_change);
 			del = scale_linear(del, width, max_change);
-			total = add + del;
 		}
-		show_name(prefix, name, len, reset, set);
-		printf("%5d ", added + deleted);
-		show_graph('+', add, add_c, reset);
-		show_graph('-', del, del_c, reset);
-		putchar('\n');
-	free_diffstat_file:
-		free(data->files[i]->name);
-		free(data->files[i]);
-	}
-	free(data->files);
-	printf("%s %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)%s\n",
-	       set, total_files, adds, dels, reset);
+		show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
+		fprintf(options->file, "%5d%s", added + deleted,
+				added + deleted ? " " : "");
+		show_graph(options->file, '+', add, add_c, reset);
+		show_graph(options->file, '-', del, del_c, reset);
+		fprintf(options->file, "\n");
+	}
+	fprintf(options->file,
+	       " %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
+	       total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
-static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t* data)
+static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i, adds = 0, dels = 0, total_files = data->nr;
 
@@ -878,86 +1019,273 @@ static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t* data)
 				dels += deleted;
 			}
 		}
-		free(data->files[i]->name);
-		free(data->files[i]);
 	}
-	free(data->files);
-
-	printf(" %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
+	fprintf(options->file, " %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
 	       total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
-static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
+static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i;
 
+	if (data->nr == 0)
+		return;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
 		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
 
 		if (file->is_binary)
-			printf("-\t-\t");
-		else
-			printf("%d\t%d\t", file->added, file->deleted);
-		if (options->line_termination && !file->is_renamed &&
-		    quote_c_style(file->name, NULL, NULL, 0))
-			quote_c_style(file->name, NULL, stdout, 0);
+			fprintf(options->file, "-\t-\t");
 		else
-			fputs(file->name, stdout);
-		putchar(options->line_termination);
+			fprintf(options->file,
+				"%d\t%d\t", file->added, file->deleted);
+		if (options->line_termination) {
+			fill_print_name(file);
+			if (!file->is_renamed)
+				write_name_quoted(file->name, options->file,
+						  options->line_termination);
+			else {
+				fputs(file->print_name, options->file);
+				putc(options->line_termination, options->file);
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (file->is_renamed) {
+				putc('\0', options->file);
+				write_name_quoted(file->from_name, options->file, '\0');
+			}
+			write_name_quoted(file->name, options->file, '\0');
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+struct dirstat_file {
+	const char *name;
+	unsigned long changed;
+};
+
+struct dirstat_dir {
+	struct dirstat_file *files;
+	int alloc, nr, percent, cumulative;
+};
+
+static long gather_dirstat(FILE *file, struct dirstat_dir *dir, unsigned long changed, const char *base, int baselen)
+{
+	unsigned long this_dir = 0;
+	unsigned int sources = 0;
+
+	while (dir->nr) {
+		struct dirstat_file *f = dir->files;
+		int namelen = strlen(f->name);
+		unsigned long this;
+		char *slash;
+
+		if (namelen < baselen)
+			break;
+		if (memcmp(f->name, base, baselen))
+			break;
+		slash = strchr(f->name + baselen, '/');
+		if (slash) {
+			int newbaselen = slash + 1 - f->name;
+			this = gather_dirstat(file, dir, changed, f->name, newbaselen);
+			sources++;
+		} else {
+			this = f->changed;
+			dir->files++;
+			dir->nr--;
+			sources += 2;
+		}
+		this_dir += this;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't report dirstat's for
+	 *  - the top level
+	 *  - or cases where everything came from a single directory
+	 *    under this directory (sources == 1).
+	 */
+	if (baselen && sources != 1) {
+		int permille = this_dir * 1000 / changed;
+		if (permille) {
+			int percent = permille / 10;
+			if (percent >= dir->percent) {
+				fprintf(file, "%4d.%01d%% %.*s\n", percent, permille % 10, baselen, base);
+				if (!dir->cumulative)
+					return 0;
+			}
+		}
 	}
+	return this_dir;
+}
+
+static int dirstat_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	const struct dirstat_file *a = _a;
+	const struct dirstat_file *b = _b;
+	return strcmp(a->name, b->name);
+}
+
+static void show_dirstat(struct diff_options *options)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long changed;
+	struct dirstat_dir dir;
+	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
+
+	dir.files = NULL;
+	dir.alloc = 0;
+	dir.nr = 0;
+	dir.percent = options->dirstat_percent;
+	dir.cumulative = DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+
+	changed = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		const char *name;
+		unsigned long copied, added, damage;
+
+		name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+
+		if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
+			diff_populate_filespec(p->one, 0);
+			diff_populate_filespec(p->two, 0);
+			diffcore_count_changes(p->one, p->two, NULL, NULL, 0,
+					       &copied, &added);
+			diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
+			diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
+		} else if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one)) {
+			diff_populate_filespec(p->one, 1);
+			copied = added = 0;
+			diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
+		} else if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
+			diff_populate_filespec(p->two, 1);
+			copied = 0;
+			added = p->two->size;
+			diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
+		} else
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Original minus copied is the removed material,
+		 * added is the new material.  They are both damages
+		 * made to the preimage. In --dirstat-by-file mode, count
+		 * damaged files, not damaged lines. This is done by
+		 * counting only a single damaged line per file.
+		 */
+		damage = (p->one->size - copied) + added;
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE) && damage > 0)
+			damage = 1;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(dir.files, dir.nr + 1, dir.alloc);
+		dir.files[dir.nr].name = name;
+		dir.files[dir.nr].changed = damage;
+		changed += damage;
+		dir.nr++;
+	}
+
+	/* This can happen even with many files, if everything was renames */
+	if (!changed)
+		return;
+
+	/* Show all directories with more than x% of the changes */
+	qsort(dir.files, dir.nr, sizeof(dir.files[0]), dirstat_compare);
+	gather_dirstat(options->file, &dir, changed, "", 0);
+}
+
+static void free_diffstat_info(struct diffstat_t *diffstat)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < diffstat->nr; i++) {
+		struct diffstat_file *f = diffstat->files[i];
+		if (f->name != f->print_name)
+			free(f->print_name);
+		free(f->name);
+		free(f->from_name);
+		free(f);
+	}
+	free(diffstat->files);
 }
 
 struct checkdiff_t {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
 	const char *filename;
-	int lineno, color_diff;
+	int lineno;
+	struct diff_options *o;
+	unsigned ws_rule;
+	unsigned status;
+	int trailing_blanks_start;
 };
 
+static int is_conflict_marker(const char *line, unsigned long len)
+{
+	char firstchar;
+	int cnt;
+
+	if (len < 8)
+		return 0;
+	firstchar = line[0];
+	switch (firstchar) {
+	case '=': case '>': case '<':
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+	for (cnt = 1; cnt < 7; cnt++)
+		if (line[cnt] != firstchar)
+			return 0;
+	/* line[0] thru line[6] are same as firstchar */
+	if (firstchar == '=') {
+		/* divider between ours and theirs? */
+		if (len != 8 || line[7] != '\n')
+			return 0;
+	} else if (len < 8 || !isspace(line[7])) {
+		/* not divider before ours nor after theirs */
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
 static void checkdiff_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
 	struct checkdiff_t *data = priv;
-	const char *ws = diff_get_color(data->color_diff, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
-	const char *reset = diff_get_color(data->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
-	const char *set = diff_get_color(data->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+	int color_diff = DIFF_OPT_TST(data->o, COLOR_DIFF);
+	const char *ws = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
+	const char *reset = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+	const char *set = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+	char *err;
 
 	if (line[0] == '+') {
-		int i, spaces = 0, space_before_tab = 0, white_space_at_end = 0;
-
-		/* check space before tab */
-		for (i = 1; i < len && (line[i] == ' ' || line[i] == '\t'); i++)
-			if (line[i] == ' ')
-				spaces++;
-		if (line[i - 1] == '\t' && spaces)
-			space_before_tab = 1;
-
-		/* check white space at line end */
-		if (line[len - 1] == '\n')
-			len--;
-		if (isspace(line[len - 1]))
-			white_space_at_end = 1;
-
-		if (space_before_tab || white_space_at_end) {
-			printf("%s:%d: %s", data->filename, data->lineno, ws);
-			if (space_before_tab) {
-				printf("space before tab");
-				if (white_space_at_end)
-					putchar(',');
-			}
-			if (white_space_at_end)
-				printf("white space at end");
-			printf(":%s ", reset);
-			emit_line_with_ws(1, set, reset, ws, line, len);
-		}
-
+		unsigned bad;
 		data->lineno++;
-	} else if (line[0] == ' ')
+		if (!ws_blank_line(line + 1, len - 1, data->ws_rule))
+			data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
+		else if (!data->trailing_blanks_start)
+			data->trailing_blanks_start = data->lineno;
+		if (is_conflict_marker(line + 1, len - 1)) {
+			data->status |= 1;
+			fprintf(data->o->file,
+				"%s:%d: leftover conflict marker\n",
+				data->filename, data->lineno);
+		}
+		bad = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, data->ws_rule);
+		if (!bad)
+			return;
+		data->status |= bad;
+		err = whitespace_error_string(bad);
+		fprintf(data->o->file, "%s:%d: %s.\n",
+			data->filename, data->lineno, err);
+		free(err);
+		emit_line(data->o->file, set, reset, line, 1);
+		ws_check_emit(line + 1, len - 1, data->ws_rule,
+			      data->o->file, set, reset, ws);
+	} else if (line[0] == ' ') {
 		data->lineno++;
-	else if (line[0] == '@') {
+		data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
+	} else if (line[0] == '@') {
 		char *plus = strchr(line, '+');
 		if (plus)
-			data->lineno = strtol(plus, NULL, 10);
+			data->lineno = strtol(plus, NULL, 10) - 1;
 		else
 			die("invalid diff");
+		data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -985,7 +1313,7 @@ static unsigned char *deflate_it(char *data,
 	return deflated;
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff_body(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
+static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 {
 	void *cp;
 	void *delta;
@@ -1014,13 +1342,13 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 	}
 
 	if (delta && delta_size < deflate_size) {
-		printf("delta %lu\n", orig_size);
+		fprintf(file, "delta %lu\n", orig_size);
 		free(deflated);
 		data = delta;
 		data_size = delta_size;
 	}
 	else {
-		printf("literal %lu\n", two->size);
+		fprintf(file, "literal %lu\n", two->size);
 		free(delta);
 		data = deflated;
 		data_size = deflate_size;
@@ -1038,26 +1366,75 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 			line[0] = bytes - 26 + 'a' - 1;
 		encode_85(line + 1, cp, bytes);
 		cp = (char *) cp + bytes;
-		puts(line);
+		fputs(line, file);
+		fputc('\n', file);
 	}
-	printf("\n");
+	fprintf(file, "\n");
 	free(data);
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
+static void emit_binary_diff(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 {
-	printf("GIT binary patch\n");
-	emit_binary_diff_body(one, two);
-	emit_binary_diff_body(two, one);
+	fprintf(file, "GIT binary patch\n");
+	emit_binary_diff_body(file, one, two);
+	emit_binary_diff_body(file, two, one);
 }
 
-#define FIRST_FEW_BYTES 8000
-static int mmfile_is_binary(mmfile_t *mf)
+static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
-	long sz = mf->size;
-	if (FIRST_FEW_BYTES < sz)
-		sz = FIRST_FEW_BYTES;
-	return !!memchr(mf->ptr, 0, sz);
+	if (!one->driver)
+		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_path(one->path);
+	if (!one->driver)
+		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
+}
+
+int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	if (one->is_binary == -1) {
+		diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+		if (one->driver->binary != -1)
+			one->is_binary = one->driver->binary;
+		else {
+			if (!one->data && DIFF_FILE_VALID(one))
+				diff_populate_filespec(one, 0);
+			if (one->data)
+				one->is_binary = buffer_is_binary(one->data,
+						one->size);
+			if (one->is_binary == -1)
+				one->is_binary = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return one->is_binary;
+}
+
+static const struct userdiff_funcname *diff_funcname_pattern(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+	return one->driver->funcname.pattern ? &one->driver->funcname : NULL;
+}
+
+static const char *userdiff_word_regex(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+	return one->driver->word_regex;
+}
+
+void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	if (!options->a_prefix)
+		options->a_prefix = a;
+	if (!options->b_prefix)
+		options->b_prefix = b;
+}
+
+static const char *get_textconv(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one))
+		return NULL;
+	if (!S_ISREG(one->mode))
+		return NULL;
+	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+	return one->driver->textconv;
 }
 
 static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
@@ -1071,41 +1448,63 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	const char *lbl[2];
 	char *a_one, *b_two;
-	const char *set = diff_get_color(o->color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
-	const char *reset = diff_get_color(o->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+	const char *set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_METAINFO);
+	const char *reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
+	const char *textconv_one = NULL, *textconv_two = NULL;
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
+		textconv_one = get_textconv(one);
+		textconv_two = get_textconv(two);
+	}
+
+	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(o, "a/", "b/");
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
+		b_prefix = o->a_prefix;
+	} else {
+		a_prefix = o->a_prefix;
+		b_prefix = o->b_prefix;
+	}
 
-	a_one = quote_two("a/", name_a + (*name_a == '/'));
-	b_two = quote_two("b/", name_b + (*name_b == '/'));
+	/* Never use a non-valid filename anywhere if at all possible */
+	name_a = DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) ? name_a : name_b;
+	name_b = DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) ? name_b : name_a;
+
+	a_one = quote_two(a_prefix, name_a + (*name_a == '/'));
+	b_two = quote_two(b_prefix, name_b + (*name_b == '/'));
 	lbl[0] = DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) ? a_one : "/dev/null";
 	lbl[1] = DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) ? b_two : "/dev/null";
-	printf("%sdiff --git %s %s%s\n", set, a_one, b_two, reset);
+	fprintf(o->file, "%sdiff --git %s %s%s\n", set, a_one, b_two, reset);
 	if (lbl[0][0] == '/') {
 		/* /dev/null */
-		printf("%snew file mode %06o%s\n", set, two->mode, reset);
+		fprintf(o->file, "%snew file mode %06o%s\n", set, two->mode, reset);
 		if (xfrm_msg && xfrm_msg[0])
-			printf("%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
+			fprintf(o->file, "%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
 	}
 	else if (lbl[1][0] == '/') {
-		printf("%sdeleted file mode %06o%s\n", set, one->mode, reset);
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sdeleted file mode %06o%s\n", set, one->mode, reset);
 		if (xfrm_msg && xfrm_msg[0])
-			printf("%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
+			fprintf(o->file, "%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
 	}
 	else {
 		if (one->mode != two->mode) {
-			printf("%sold mode %06o%s\n", set, one->mode, reset);
-			printf("%snew mode %06o%s\n", set, two->mode, reset);
+			fprintf(o->file, "%sold mode %06o%s\n", set, one->mode, reset);
+			fprintf(o->file, "%snew mode %06o%s\n", set, two->mode, reset);
 		}
 		if (xfrm_msg && xfrm_msg[0])
-			printf("%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
+			fprintf(o->file, "%s%s%s\n", set, xfrm_msg, reset);
 		/*
 		 * we do not run diff between different kind
 		 * of objects.
 		 */
 		if ((one->mode ^ two->mode) & S_IFMT)
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
-		if (complete_rewrite) {
+		if (complete_rewrite &&
+		    (textconv_one || !diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) &&
+		    (textconv_two || !diff_filespec_is_binary(two))) {
 			emit_rewrite_diff(name_a, name_b, one, two,
-					o->color_diff);
+						textconv_one, textconv_two, o);
 			o->found_changes = 1;
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
 		}
@@ -1114,16 +1513,18 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (!o->text && (mmfile_is_binary(&mf1) || mmfile_is_binary(&mf2))) {
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, TEXT) &&
+	    ( (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) && !textconv_one) ||
+	      (diff_filespec_is_binary(two) && !textconv_two) )) {
 		/* Quite common confusing case */
 		if (mf1.size == mf2.size &&
 		    !memcmp(mf1.ptr, mf2.ptr, mf1.size))
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
-		if (o->binary)
-			emit_binary_diff(&mf1, &mf2);
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY))
+			emit_binary_diff(o->file, &mf1, &mf2);
 		else
-			printf("Binary files %s and %s differ\n",
-			       lbl[0], lbl[1]);
+			fprintf(o->file, "Binary files %s and %s differ\n",
+				lbl[0], lbl[1]);
 		o->found_changes = 1;
 	}
 	else {
@@ -1133,32 +1534,81 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 		xdemitcb_t ecb;
 		struct emit_callback ecbdata;
+		const struct userdiff_funcname *pe;
+
+		if (textconv_one) {
+			size_t size;
+			mf1.ptr = run_textconv(textconv_one, one, &size);
+			if (!mf1.ptr)
+				die("unable to read files to diff");
+			mf1.size = size;
+		}
+		if (textconv_two) {
+			size_t size;
+			mf2.ptr = run_textconv(textconv_two, two, &size);
+			if (!mf2.ptr)
+				die("unable to read files to diff");
+			mf2.size = size;
+		}
 
+		pe = diff_funcname_pattern(one);
+		if (!pe)
+			pe = diff_funcname_pattern(two);
+
+		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		memset(&ecbdata, 0, sizeof(ecbdata));
 		ecbdata.label_path = lbl;
-		ecbdata.color_diff = o->color_diff;
+		ecbdata.color_diff = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, COLOR_DIFF);
 		ecbdata.found_changesp = &o->found_changes;
+		ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(name_b ? name_b : name_a);
+		ecbdata.file = o->file;
 		xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL | o->xdl_opts;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
+		xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
 		xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES;
+		if (pe)
+			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
 		if (!diffopts)
 			;
 		else if (!prefixcmp(diffopts, "--unified="))
 			xecfg.ctxlen = strtoul(diffopts + 10, NULL, 10);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(diffopts, "-u"))
 			xecfg.ctxlen = strtoul(diffopts + 2, NULL, 10);
-		ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-		ecb.priv = &ecbdata;
-		ecbdata.xm.consume = fn_out_consume;
-		if (o->color_diff_words)
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS)) {
 			ecbdata.diff_words =
 				xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct diff_words_data));
-		xdl_diff(&mf1, &mf2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
-		if (o->color_diff_words)
+			ecbdata.diff_words->file = o->file;
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(one);
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(two);
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = diff_word_regex_cfg;
+			if (o->word_regex) {
+				ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex = (regex_t *)
+					xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
+				if (regcomp(ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex,
+						o->word_regex,
+						REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
+					die ("Invalid regular expression: %s",
+							o->word_regex);
+			}
+		}
+		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, fn_out_consume, &ecbdata,
+			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS))
 			free_diff_words_data(&ecbdata);
+		if (textconv_one)
+			free(mf1.ptr);
+		if (textconv_two)
+			free(mf2.ptr);
+		xdiff_clear_find_func(&xecfg);
 	}
 
  free_ab_and_return:
+	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
+	diff_free_filespec_data(two);
 	free(a_one);
 	free(b_two);
 	return;
@@ -1185,12 +1635,12 @@ static void builtin_diffstat(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		diff_populate_filespec(two, 0);
 		data->deleted = count_lines(one->data, one->size);
 		data->added = count_lines(two->data, two->size);
-		return;
+		goto free_and_return;
 	}
 	if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (mmfile_is_binary(&mf1) || mmfile_is_binary(&mf2)) {
+	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) || diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) {
 		data->is_binary = 1;
 		data->added = mf2.size;
 		data->deleted = mf1.size;
@@ -1200,18 +1650,23 @@ static void builtin_diffstat(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 		xdemitcb_t ecb;
 
+		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL | o->xdl_opts;
-		xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
-		xecfg.flags = 0;
-		ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-		ecb.priv = diffstat;
-		xdl_diff(&mf1, &mf2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, diffstat_consume, diffstat,
+			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	}
+
+ free_and_return:
+	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
+	diff_free_filespec_data(two);
 }
 
 static void builtin_checkdiff(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
-			     struct diff_filespec *one,
-			     struct diff_filespec *two, struct diff_options *o)
+			      const char *attr_path,
+			      struct diff_filespec *one,
+			      struct diff_filespec *two,
+			      struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	struct checkdiff_t data;
@@ -1220,29 +1675,47 @@ static void builtin_checkdiff(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		return;
 
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
-	data.xm.consume = checkdiff_consume;
 	data.filename = name_b ? name_b : name_a;
 	data.lineno = 0;
-	data.color_diff = o->color_diff;
+	data.o = o;
+	data.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(attr_path);
 
 	if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (mmfile_is_binary(&mf2))
-		return;
+	/*
+	 * All the other codepaths check both sides, but not checking
+	 * the "old" side here is deliberate.  We are checking the newly
+	 * introduced changes, and as long as the "new" side is text, we
+	 * can and should check what it introduces.
+	 */
+	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(two))
+		goto free_and_return;
 	else {
 		/* Crazy xdl interfaces.. */
 		xpparam_t xpp;
 		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 		xdemitcb_t ecb;
 
+		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+		xecfg.ctxlen = 1; /* at least one context line */
 		xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
-		xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
-		xecfg.flags = 0;
-		ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-		ecb.priv = &data;
-		xdl_diff(&mf1, &mf2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, checkdiff_consume, &data,
+			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+
+		if ((data.ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) &&
+		    data.trailing_blanks_start) {
+			fprintf(o->file, "%s:%d: ends with blank lines.\n",
+				data.filename, data.trailing_blanks_start);
+			data.status = 1; /* report errors */
+		}
 	}
+ free_and_return:
+	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
+	diff_free_filespec_data(two);
+	if (data.status)
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(o, CHECK_FAILED);
 }
 
 struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *path)
@@ -1253,9 +1726,19 @@ struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *path)
 	memset(spec, 0, sizeof(*spec));
 	spec->path = (char *)(spec + 1);
 	memcpy(spec->path, path, namelen+1);
+	spec->count = 1;
+	spec->is_binary = -1;
 	return spec;
 }
 
+void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec)
+{
+	if (!--spec->count) {
+		diff_free_filespec_data(spec);
+		free(spec);
+	}
+}
+
 void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const unsigned char *sha1,
 		   unsigned short mode)
 {
@@ -1267,7 +1750,7 @@ void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const unsigned char *sha1,
 }
 
 /*
- * Given a name and sha1 pair, if the dircache tells us the file in
+ * Given a name and sha1 pair, if the index tells us the file in
  * the work tree has that object contents, return true, so that
  * prepare_temp_file() does not have to inflate and extract.
  */
@@ -1277,7 +1760,8 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	struct stat st;
 	int pos, len;
 
-	/* We do not read the cache ourselves here, because the
+	/*
+	 * We do not read the cache ourselves here, because the
 	 * benchmark with my previous version that always reads cache
 	 * shows that it makes things worse for diff-tree comparing
 	 * two linux-2.6 kernel trees in an already checked out work
@@ -1301,7 +1785,7 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	 * objects however would tend to be slower as they need
 	 * to be individually opened and inflated.
 	 */
-	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 		return 0;
 
 	len = strlen(name);
@@ -1309,94 +1793,63 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return 0;
 	ce = active_cache[pos];
-	if ((lstat(name, &st) < 0) ||
-	    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || /* careful! */
-	    ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0) ||
-	    hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1))
+
+	/*
+	 * This is not the sha1 we are looking for, or
+	 * unreusable because it is not a regular file.
+	 */
+	if (hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1) || !S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 		return 0;
-	/* we return 1 only when we can stat, it is a regular file,
-	 * stat information matches, and sha1 recorded in the cache
-	 * matches.  I.e. we know the file in the work tree really is
-	 * the same as the <name, sha1> pair.
+
+	/*
+	 * If ce is marked as "assume unchanged", there is no
+	 * guarantee that work tree matches what we are looking for.
 	 */
-	return 1;
-}
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)
+		return 0;
 
-static struct sha1_size_cache {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned long size;
-} **sha1_size_cache;
-static int sha1_size_cache_nr, sha1_size_cache_alloc;
-
-static struct sha1_size_cache *locate_size_cache(unsigned char *sha1,
-						 int find_only,
-						 unsigned long size)
-{
-	int first, last;
-	struct sha1_size_cache *e;
-
-	first = 0;
-	last = sha1_size_cache_nr;
-	while (last > first) {
-		int cmp, next = (last + first) >> 1;
-		e = sha1_size_cache[next];
-		cmp = hashcmp(e->sha1, sha1);
-		if (!cmp)
-			return e;
-		if (cmp < 0) {
-			last = next;
-			continue;
-		}
-		first = next+1;
-	}
-	/* not found */
-	if (find_only)
-		return NULL;
-	/* insert to make it at "first" */
-	if (sha1_size_cache_alloc <= sha1_size_cache_nr) {
-		sha1_size_cache_alloc = alloc_nr(sha1_size_cache_alloc);
-		sha1_size_cache = xrealloc(sha1_size_cache,
-					   sha1_size_cache_alloc *
-					   sizeof(*sha1_size_cache));
-	}
-	sha1_size_cache_nr++;
-	if (first < sha1_size_cache_nr)
-		memmove(sha1_size_cache + first + 1, sha1_size_cache + first,
-			(sha1_size_cache_nr - first - 1) *
-			sizeof(*sha1_size_cache));
-	e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct sha1_size_cache));
-	sha1_size_cache[first] = e;
-	hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
-	e->size = size;
-	return e;
+	/*
+	 * If ce matches the file in the work tree, we can reuse it.
+	 */
+	if (ce_uptodate(ce) ||
+	    (!lstat(name, &st) && !ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0)))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int populate_from_stdin(struct diff_filespec *s)
 {
-#define INCREMENT 1024
-	char *buf;
-	unsigned long size;
-	int got;
-
-	size = 0;
-	buf = NULL;
-	while (1) {
-		buf = xrealloc(buf, size + INCREMENT);
-		got = xread(0, buf + size, INCREMENT);
-		if (!got)
-			break; /* EOF */
-		if (got < 0)
-			return error("error while reading from stdin %s",
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t size = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
+		return error("error while reading from stdin %s",
 				     strerror(errno));
-		size += got;
-	}
+
 	s->should_munmap = 0;
-	s->data = buf;
+	s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
 	s->size = size;
 	s->should_free = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int diff_populate_gitlink(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
+{
+	int len;
+	char *data = xmalloc(100);
+	len = snprintf(data, 100,
+		"Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1));
+	s->data = data;
+	s->size = len;
+	s->should_free = 1;
+	if (size_only) {
+		s->data = NULL;
+		free(data);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * While doing rename detection and pickaxe operation, we may need to
  * grab the data for the blob (or file) for our own in-core comparison.
@@ -1410,17 +1863,20 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 	if (S_ISDIR(s->mode))
 		return -1;
 
-	if (!use_size_cache)
-		size_only = 0;
-
 	if (s->data)
-		return err;
+		return 0;
+
+	if (size_only && 0 < s->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(s->mode))
+		return diff_populate_gitlink(s, size_only);
+
 	if (!s->sha1_valid ||
 	    reuse_worktree_file(s->path, s->sha1, 0)) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct stat st;
 		int fd;
-		char *buf;
-		unsigned long size;
 
 		if (!strcmp(s->path, "-"))
 			return populate_from_stdin(s);
@@ -1438,19 +1894,18 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 		s->size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		if (!s->size)
 			goto empty;
-		if (size_only)
-			return 0;
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			int ret;
-			s->data = xmalloc(s->size);
-			s->should_free = 1;
-			ret = readlink(s->path, s->data, s->size);
-			if (ret < 0) {
-				free(s->data);
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, s->path, s->size))
 				goto err_empty;
-			}
+			s->size = sb.len;
+			s->data = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+			s->should_free = 1;
 			return 0;
 		}
+		if (size_only)
+			return 0;
 		fd = open(s->path, O_RDONLY);
 		if (fd < 0)
 			goto err_empty;
@@ -1461,30 +1916,19 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 		/*
 		 * Convert from working tree format to canonical git format
 		 */
-		buf = s->data;
-		size = s->size;
-		if (convert_to_git(s->path, &buf, &size)) {
+		if (convert_to_git(s->path, s->data, s->size, &buf, safe_crlf)) {
+			size_t size = 0;
 			munmap(s->data, s->size);
 			s->should_munmap = 0;
-			s->data = buf;
+			s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
 			s->size = size;
 			s->should_free = 1;
 		}
 	}
 	else {
 		enum object_type type;
-		struct sha1_size_cache *e;
-
-		if (size_only) {
-			e = locate_size_cache(s->sha1, 1, 0);
-			if (e) {
-				s->size = e->size;
-				return 0;
-			}
+		if (size_only)
 			type = sha1_object_info(s->sha1, &s->size);
-			if (type < 0)
-				locate_size_cache(s->sha1, 0, s->size);
-		}
 		else {
 			s->data = read_sha1_file(s->sha1, &type, &s->size);
 			s->should_free = 1;
@@ -1493,42 +1937,68 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *s)
+void diff_free_filespec_blob(struct diff_filespec *s)
 {
 	if (s->should_free)
 		free(s->data);
 	else if (s->should_munmap)
 		munmap(s->data, s->size);
-	s->should_free = s->should_munmap = 0;
-	s->data = NULL;
+
+	if (s->should_free || s->should_munmap) {
+		s->should_free = s->should_munmap = 0;
+		s->data = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *s)
+{
+	diff_free_filespec_blob(s);
 	free(s->cnt_data);
 	s->cnt_data = NULL;
 }
 
-static void prep_temp_blob(struct diff_tempfile *temp,
+static void prep_temp_blob(const char *path, struct diff_tempfile *temp,
 			   void *blob,
 			   unsigned long size,
 			   const unsigned char *sha1,
 			   int mode)
 {
 	int fd;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf template = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *path_dup = xstrdup(path);
+	const char *base = basename(path_dup);
 
-	fd = git_mkstemp(temp->tmp_path, TEMPFILE_PATH_LEN, ".diff_XXXXXX");
+	/* Generate "XXXXXX_basename.ext" */
+	strbuf_addstr(&template, "XXXXXX_");
+	strbuf_addstr(&template, base);
+
+	fd = git_mkstemps(temp->tmp_path, PATH_MAX, template.buf,
+			strlen(base) + 1);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to create temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to create temp-file");
+	if (convert_to_working_tree(path,
+			(const char *)blob, (size_t)size, &buf)) {
+		blob = buf.buf;
+		size = buf.len;
+	}
 	if (write_in_full(fd, blob, size) != size)
-		die("unable to write temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 	temp->name = temp->tmp_path;
 	strcpy(temp->hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	temp->hex[40] = 0;
 	sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", mode);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&template);
+	free(path_dup);
 }
 
-static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
-			      struct diff_tempfile *temp,
-			      struct diff_filespec *one)
+static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
+		struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp = claim_diff_tempfile();
+
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
 	not_a_valid_file:
 		/* A '-' entry produces this for file-2, and
@@ -1537,7 +2007,13 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		temp->name = "/dev/null";
 		strcpy(temp->hex, ".");
 		strcpy(temp->mode, ".");
-		return;
+		return temp;
+	}
+
+	if (!remove_tempfile_installed) {
+		atexit(remove_tempfile);
+		sigchain_push_common(remove_tempfile_on_signal);
+		remove_tempfile_installed = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (!one->sha1_valid ||
@@ -1546,22 +2022,18 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		if (lstat(name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno == ENOENT)
 				goto not_a_valid_file;
-			die("stat(%s): %s", name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("stat(%s)", name);
 		}
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			int ret;
-			char buf[PATH_MAX + 1]; /* ought to be SYMLINK_MAX */
-			size_t sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			if (sizeof(buf) <= st.st_size)
-				die("symlink too long: %s", name);
-			ret = readlink(name, buf, sz);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				die("readlink(%s)", name);
-			prep_temp_blob(temp, buf, sz,
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, name, st.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno("readlink(%s)", name);
+			prep_temp_blob(name, temp, sb.buf, sb.len,
 				       (one->sha1_valid ?
 					one->sha1 : null_sha1),
 				       (one->sha1_valid ?
 					one->mode : S_IFLNK));
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 		}
 		else {
 			/* we can borrow from the file in the work tree */
@@ -1578,66 +2050,15 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 			 */
 			sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", one->mode);
 		}
-		return;
+		return temp;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 			die("cannot read data blob for %s", one->path);
-		prep_temp_blob(temp, one->data, one->size,
+		prep_temp_blob(name, temp, one->data, one->size,
 			       one->sha1, one->mode);
 	}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
-		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path) {
-			unlink(diff_temp[i].name);
-			diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
-		}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_tempfile();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-	raise(signo);
-}
-
-static int spawn_prog(const char *pgm, const char **arg)
-{
-	pid_t pid;
-	int status;
-
-	fflush(NULL);
-	pid = fork();
-	if (pid < 0)
-		die("unable to fork");
-	if (!pid) {
-		execvp(pgm, (char *const*) arg);
-		exit(255);
-	}
-
-	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
-		if (errno == EINTR)
-			continue;
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	/* Earlier we did not check the exit status because
-	 * diff exits non-zero if files are different, and
-	 * we are not interested in knowing that.  It was a
-	 * mistake which made it harder to quit a diff-*
-	 * session that uses the git-apply-patch-script as
-	 * the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF.  A custom GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF
-	 * should also exit non-zero only when it wants to
-	 * abort the entire diff-* session.
-	 */
-	if (WIFEXITED(status) && !WEXITSTATUS(status))
-		return 0;
-	return -1;
+	return temp;
 }
 
 /* An external diff command takes:
@@ -1655,34 +2076,22 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 			      int complete_rewrite)
 {
 	const char *spawn_arg[10];
-	struct diff_tempfile *temp = diff_temp;
 	int retval;
-	static int atexit_asked = 0;
-	const char *othername;
 	const char **arg = &spawn_arg[0];
 
-	othername = (other? other : name);
-	if (one && two) {
-		prepare_temp_file(name, &temp[0], one);
-		prepare_temp_file(othername, &temp[1], two);
-		if (! atexit_asked &&
-		    (temp[0].name == temp[0].tmp_path ||
-		     temp[1].name == temp[1].tmp_path)) {
-			atexit_asked = 1;
-			atexit(remove_tempfile);
-		}
-		signal(SIGINT, remove_tempfile_on_signal);
-	}
-
 	if (one && two) {
+		struct diff_tempfile *temp_one, *temp_two;
+		const char *othername = (other ? other : name);
+		temp_one = prepare_temp_file(name, one);
+		temp_two = prepare_temp_file(othername, two);
 		*arg++ = pgm;
 		*arg++ = name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].mode;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->mode;
 		if (other) {
 			*arg++ = other;
 			*arg++ = xfrm_msg;
@@ -1692,7 +2101,8 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 		*arg++ = name;
 	}
 	*arg = NULL;
-	retval = spawn_prog(pgm, spawn_arg);
+	fflush(NULL);
+	retval = run_command_v_opt(spawn_arg, 0);
 	remove_tempfile();
 	if (retval) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "external diff died, stopping at %s.\n", name);
@@ -1700,15 +2110,94 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 	}
 }
 
+static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
+}
+
+static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
+			  const char *name,
+			  const char *other,
+			  struct diff_filespec *one,
+			  struct diff_filespec *two,
+			  struct diff_options *o,
+			  struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	strbuf_init(msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
+	switch (p->status) {
+	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		if (p->score) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
+				    similarity_index(p));
+			break;
+		}
+		/* fallthru */
+	default:
+		/* nothing */
+		;
+	}
+	if (one && two && hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
+		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
+			mmfile_t mf;
+			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
+			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
+				abbrev = 40;
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "index %.*s..%.*s",
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
+		if (one->mode == two->mode)
+			strbuf_addf(msg, " %06o", one->mode);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+	}
+	if (msg->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(msg, msg->len - 1);
+}
+
 static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 			 const char *name,
 			 const char *other,
+			 const char *attr_path,
 			 struct diff_filespec *one,
 			 struct diff_filespec *two,
-			 const char *xfrm_msg,
+			 struct strbuf *msg,
 			 struct diff_options *o,
-			 int complete_rewrite)
+			 struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
+	const char *xfrm_msg = NULL;
+	int complete_rewrite = (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED) && p->score;
+
+	if (msg) {
+		fill_metainfo(msg, name, other, one, two, o, p);
+		xfrm_msg = msg->len ? msg->buf : NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
+		pgm = NULL;
+	else {
+		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(attr_path);
+		if (drv && drv->external)
+			pgm = drv->external;
+	}
+
 	if (pgm) {
 		run_external_diff(pgm, name, other, one, two, xfrm_msg,
 				  complete_rewrite);
@@ -1718,7 +2207,7 @@ static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 		builtin_diff(name, other ? other : name,
 			     one, two, xfrm_msg, o, complete_rewrite);
 	else
-		printf("* Unmerged path %s\n", name);
+		fprintf(o->file, "* Unmerged path %s\n", name);
 }
 
 static void diff_fill_sha1_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
@@ -1731,117 +2220,72 @@ static void diff_fill_sha1_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
 				return;
 			}
 			if (lstat(one->path, &st) < 0)
-				die("stat %s", one->path);
+				die_errno("stat '%s'", one->path);
 			if (index_path(one->sha1, one->path, &st, 0))
-				die("cannot hash %s\n", one->path);
+				die("cannot hash %s", one->path);
 		}
 	}
 	else
 		hashclr(one->sha1);
 }
 
+static void strip_prefix(int prefix_length, const char **namep, const char **otherp)
+{
+	/* Strip the prefix but do not molest /dev/null and absolute paths */
+	if (*namep && **namep != '/')
+		*namep += prefix_length;
+	if (*otherp && **otherp != '/')
+		*otherp += prefix_length;
+}
+
 static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	const char *pgm = external_diff();
-	char msg[PATH_MAX*2+300], *xfrm_msg;
-	struct diff_filespec *one;
-	struct diff_filespec *two;
+	struct strbuf msg;
+	struct diff_filespec *one = p->one;
+	struct diff_filespec *two = p->two;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *other;
-	char *name_munged, *other_munged;
-	int complete_rewrite = 0;
-	int len;
+	const char *attr_path;
+
+	name  = p->one->path;
+	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
+	attr_path = name;
+	if (o->prefix_length)
+		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
-		/* unmerged */
-		run_diff_cmd(pgm, p->one->path, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, o, 0);
+		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, NULL, attr_path,
+			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, p);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	name = p->one->path;
-	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
-	name_munged = quote_one(name);
-	other_munged = quote_one(other);
-	one = p->one; two = p->two;
-
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(two);
 
-	len = 0;
-	switch (p->status) {
-	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
-				"similarity index %d%%\n"
-				"copy from %s\n"
-				"copy to %s\n",
-				(int)(0.5 + p->score * 100.0/MAX_SCORE),
-				name_munged, other_munged);
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
-				"similarity index %d%%\n"
-				"rename from %s\n"
-				"rename to %s\n",
-				(int)(0.5 + p->score * 100.0/MAX_SCORE),
-				name_munged, other_munged);
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		if (p->score) {
-			len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
-					"dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
-					(int)(0.5 + p->score *
-					      100.0/MAX_SCORE));
-			complete_rewrite = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-		/* fallthru */
-	default:
-		/* nothing */
-		;
-	}
-
-	if (hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
-		int abbrev = o->full_index ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-
-		if (o->binary) {
-			mmfile_t mf;
-			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && mmfile_is_binary(&mf)) ||
-			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && mmfile_is_binary(&mf)))
-				abbrev = 40;
-		}
-		len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
-				"index %.*s..%.*s",
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
-		if (one->mode == two->mode)
-			len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
-					" %06o", one->mode);
-		len += snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len, "\n");
-	}
-
-	if (len)
-		msg[--len] = 0;
-	xfrm_msg = len ? msg : NULL;
-
 	if (!pgm &&
 	    DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) &&
 	    (S_IFMT & one->mode) != (S_IFMT & two->mode)) {
-		/* a filepair that changes between file and symlink
+		/*
+		 * a filepair that changes between file and symlink
 		 * needs to be split into deletion and creation.
 		 */
 		struct diff_filespec *null = alloc_filespec(two->path);
-		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, one, null, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
+			     one, null, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
+
 		null = alloc_filespec(one->path);
-		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, null, two, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
+			     null, two, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
 	}
 	else
-		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, other, one, two, xfrm_msg, o,
-			     complete_rewrite);
+		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, other, attr_path,
+			     one, two, &msg, o, p);
 
-	free(name_munged);
-	free(other_munged);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
 }
 
 static void run_diffstat(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
@@ -1860,6 +2304,9 @@ static void run_diffstat(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
 	name = p->one->path;
 	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
 
+	if (o->prefix_length)
+		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
+
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
 
@@ -1872,6 +2319,7 @@ static void run_checkdiff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *other;
+	const char *attr_path;
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
 		/* unmerged */
@@ -1880,26 +2328,39 @@ static void run_checkdiff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 
 	name = p->one->path;
 	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
+	attr_path = other ? other : name;
+
+	if (o->prefix_length)
+		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
 
-	builtin_checkdiff(name, other, p->one, p->two, o);
+	builtin_checkdiff(name, other, attr_path, p->one, p->two, o);
 }
 
 void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	memset(options, 0, sizeof(*options));
+
+	options->file = stdout;
+
 	options->line_termination = '\n';
 	options->break_opt = -1;
 	options->rename_limit = -1;
+	options->dirstat_percent = 3;
 	options->context = 3;
-	options->msg_sep = "";
 
 	options->change = diff_change;
 	options->add_remove = diff_addremove;
-	options->color_diff = diff_use_color_default;
+	if (diff_use_color_default > 0)
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
 	options->detect_rename = diff_detect_rename_default;
+
+	if (!diff_mnemonic_prefix) {
+		options->a_prefix = "a/";
+		options->b_prefix = "b/";
+	}
 }
 
 int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1917,9 +2378,16 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 	if (count > 1)
 		die("--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive");
 
-	if (options->find_copies_harder)
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
 
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RELATIVE_NAME))
+		options->prefix = NULL;
+	if (options->prefix)
+		options->prefix_length = strlen(options->prefix);
+	else
+		options->prefix_length = 0;
+
 	if (options->output_format & (DIFF_FORMAT_NAME |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF |
@@ -1928,6 +2396,7 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 					    DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT |
 					    DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT |
 					    DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT |
+					    DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT |
 					    DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY |
 					    DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH);
 
@@ -1939,14 +2408,15 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT |
+				      DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF))
-		options->recursive = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RECURSIVE);
 	/*
 	 * Also pickaxe would not work very well if you do not say recursive
 	 */
 	if (options->pickaxe)
-		options->recursive = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RECURSIVE);
 
 	if (options->detect_rename && options->rename_limit < 0)
 		options->rename_limit = diff_rename_limit_default;
@@ -1960,8 +2430,6 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 			 */
 			read_cache();
 	}
-	if (options->setup & DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE)
-		use_size_cache = 1;
 	if (options->abbrev <= 0 || 40 < options->abbrev)
 		options->abbrev = 40; /* full */
 
@@ -1970,18 +2438,11 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 	 * to have found.  It does not make sense not to return with
 	 * exit code in such a case either.
 	 */
-	if (options->quiet) {
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, QUIET)) {
 		options->output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-		options->exit_with_status = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If we postprocess in diffcore, we cannot simply return
-	 * upon the first hit.  We need to run diff as usual.
-	 */
-	if (options->pickaxe || options->filter)
-		options->quiet = 0;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2032,24 +2493,47 @@ static int opt_arg(const char *arg, int arg_short, const char *arg_long, int *va
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int diff_scoreopt_parse(const char *opt);
+
 int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 {
 	const char *arg = av[0];
+
+	/* Output format options */
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "-p") || !strcmp(arg, "-u"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	else if (opt_arg(arg, 'U', "unified", &options->context))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--raw"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patch-with-raw")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patch-with-raw"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH | DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--numstat")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--numstat"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT;
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shortstat")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shortstat"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT;
+	else if (opt_arg(arg, 'X', "dirstat", &options->dirstat_percent))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cumulative")) {
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+	} else if (opt_arg(arg, 0, "dirstat-by-file",
+			   &options->dirstat_percent)) {
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
 	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--check"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--summary"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patch-with-stat"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--name-only"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--name-status"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-s"))
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--stat")) {
 		char *end;
 		int width = options->stat_width;
@@ -2077,64 +2561,101 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->stat_name_width = name_width;
 		options->stat_width = width;
 	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--check"))
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--summary"))
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patch-with-stat")) {
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-z"))
-		options->line_termination = 0;
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-l"))
-		options->rename_limit = strtoul(arg+2, NULL, 10);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-index"))
-		options->full_index = 1;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-		options->binary = 1;
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-a") || !strcmp(arg, "--text")) {
-		options->text = 1;
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--name-only"))
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--name-status"))
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-R"))
-		options->reverse_diff = 1;
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-S"))
-		options->pickaxe = arg + 2;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-s")) {
-		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	}
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-O"))
-		options->orderfile = arg + 2;
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--diff-filter="))
-		options->filter = arg + 14;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pickaxe-all"))
-		options->pickaxe_opts = DIFF_PICKAXE_ALL;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pickaxe-regex"))
-		options->pickaxe_opts = DIFF_PICKAXE_REGEX;
+
+	/* renames options */
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-B")) {
-		if ((options->break_opt =
-		     diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
+		if ((options->break_opt = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return -1;
 	}
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-M")) {
-		if ((options->rename_score =
-		     diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
+		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return -1;
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 	}
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C")) {
-		if ((options->rename_score =
-		     diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
+		if (options->detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
+			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return -1;
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
 	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
+		options->detect_rename = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RELATIVE_NAME);
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--relative=")) {
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RELATIVE_NAME);
+		options->prefix = arg + 11;
+	}
+
+	/* xdiff options */
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-w") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-all-space"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-b") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-change"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-at-eol"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patience"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
+
+	/* flags options */
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
+		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, BINARY);
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-index"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FULL_INDEX);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-a") || !strcmp(arg, "--text"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, TEXT);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-R"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, REVERSE_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--find-copies-harder"))
-		options->find_copies_harder = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--follow"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words")) {
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS);
+	}
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--color-words=")) {
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS);
+		options->word_regex = arg + 14;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exit-code"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, QUIET);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ext-diff"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-ext-diff"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--textconv"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-textconv"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-submodules"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
+
+	/* misc options */
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-z"))
+		options->line_termination = 0;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-l"))
+		options->rename_limit = strtoul(arg+2, NULL, 10);
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-S"))
+		options->pickaxe = arg + 2;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pickaxe-all"))
+		options->pickaxe_opts = DIFF_PICKAXE_ALL;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pickaxe-regex"))
+		options->pickaxe_opts = DIFF_PICKAXE_REGEX;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-O"))
+		options->orderfile = arg + 2;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--diff-filter="))
+		options->filter = arg + 14;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev"))
 		options->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
@@ -2144,25 +2665,19 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		else if (40 < options->abbrev)
 			options->abbrev = 40;
 	}
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
-		options->color_diff = 1;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color"))
-		options->color_diff = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-w") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-all-space"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-b") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-change"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-at-eol"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words"))
-		options->color_diff = options->color_diff_words = 1;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
-		options->detect_rename = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exit-code"))
-		options->exit_with_status = 1;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
-		options->quiet = 1;
-	else
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--src-prefix="))
+		options->a_prefix = arg + 13;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--dst-prefix="))
+		options->b_prefix = arg + 13;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-prefix"))
+		options->a_prefix = options->b_prefix = "";
+	else if (opt_arg(arg, '\0', "inter-hunk-context",
+			 &options->interhunkcontext))
+		;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--output=")) {
+		options->file = fopen(arg + strlen("--output="), "w");
+		options->close_file = 1;
+	} else
 		return 0;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -2203,7 +2718,7 @@ static int parse_num(const char **cp_p)
 	return (int)((num >= scale) ? MAX_SCORE : (MAX_SCORE * num / scale));
 }
 
-int diff_scoreopt_parse(const char *opt)
+static int diff_scoreopt_parse(const char *opt)
 {
 	int opt1, opt2, cmd;
 
@@ -2257,10 +2772,8 @@ struct diff_filepair *diff_queue(struct diff_queue_struct *queue,
 
 void diff_free_filepair(struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
-	diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
-	diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
-	free(p->one);
-	free(p->two);
+	free_filespec(p->one);
+	free_filespec(p->two);
 	free(p);
 }
 
@@ -2275,8 +2788,6 @@ const char *diff_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
 		return sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 
 	abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(sha1, len);
-	if (!abbrev)
-		return sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 	abblen = strlen(abbrev);
 	if (abblen < 37) {
 		static char hex[41];
@@ -2289,72 +2800,38 @@ const char *diff_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
 	return sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 }
 
-static void diff_flush_raw(struct diff_filepair *p,
-			   struct diff_options *options)
+static void diff_flush_raw(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	int two_paths;
-	char status[10];
-	int abbrev = options->abbrev;
-	const char *path_one, *path_two;
-	int inter_name_termination = '\t';
-	int line_termination = options->line_termination;
+	int line_termination = opt->line_termination;
+	int inter_name_termination = line_termination ? '\t' : '\0';
 
-	if (!line_termination)
-		inter_name_termination = 0;
-
-	path_one = p->one->path;
-	path_two = p->two->path;
-	if (line_termination) {
-		path_one = quote_one(path_one);
-		path_two = quote_one(path_two);
-	}
-
-	if (p->score)
-		sprintf(status, "%c%03d", p->status,
-			(int)(0.5 + p->score * 100.0/MAX_SCORE));
-	else {
-		status[0] = p->status;
-		status[1] = 0;
-	}
-	switch (p->status) {
-	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		two_paths = 1;
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		two_paths = 0;
-		break;
-	default:
-		two_paths = 0;
-		break;
+	if (!(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)) {
+		fprintf(opt->file, ":%06o %06o %s ", p->one->mode, p->two->mode,
+			diff_unique_abbrev(p->one->sha1, opt->abbrev));
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%s ", diff_unique_abbrev(p->two->sha1, opt->abbrev));
 	}
-	if (!(options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)) {
-		printf(":%06o %06o %s ",
-		       p->one->mode, p->two->mode,
-		       diff_unique_abbrev(p->one->sha1, abbrev));
-		printf("%s ",
-		       diff_unique_abbrev(p->two->sha1, abbrev));
+	if (p->score) {
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%c%03d%c", p->status, similarity_index(p),
+			inter_name_termination);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%c%c", p->status, inter_name_termination);
 	}
-	printf("%s%c%s", status, inter_name_termination, path_one);
-	if (two_paths)
-		printf("%c%s", inter_name_termination, path_two);
-	putchar(line_termination);
-	if (path_one != p->one->path)
-		free((void*)path_one);
-	if (path_two != p->two->path)
-		free((void*)path_two);
-}
 
-static void diff_flush_name(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
-{
-	char *path = p->two->path;
-
-	if (opt->line_termination)
-		path = quote_one(p->two->path);
-	printf("%s%c", path, opt->line_termination);
-	if (p->two->path != path)
-		free(path);
+	if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_COPIED ||
+	    p->status == DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED) {
+		const char *name_a, *name_b;
+		name_a = p->one->path;
+		name_b = p->two->path;
+		strip_prefix(opt->prefix_length, &name_a, &name_b);
+		write_name_quoted(name_a, opt->file, inter_name_termination);
+		write_name_quoted(name_b, opt->file, line_termination);
+	} else {
+		const char *name_a, *name_b;
+		name_a = p->one->mode ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+		name_b = NULL;
+		strip_prefix(opt->prefix_length, &name_a, &name_b);
+		write_name_quoted(name_a, opt->file, line_termination);
+	}
 }
 
 int diff_unmodified_pair(struct diff_filepair *p)
@@ -2364,14 +2841,11 @@ int diff_unmodified_pair(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	 * let transformers to produce diff_filepairs any way they want,
 	 * and filter and clean them up here before producing the output.
 	 */
-	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
+	struct diff_filespec *one = p->one, *two = p->two;
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p))
 		return 0; /* unmerged is interesting */
 
-	one = p->one;
-	two = p->two;
-
 	/* deletion, addition, mode or type change
 	 * and rename are all interesting.
 	 */
@@ -2457,9 +2931,9 @@ void diff_debug_filepair(const struct diff_filepair *p, int i)
 {
 	diff_debug_filespec(p->one, i, "one");
 	diff_debug_filespec(p->two, i, "two");
-	fprintf(stderr, "score %d, status %c stays %d broken %d\n",
+	fprintf(stderr, "score %d, status %c rename_used %d broken %d\n",
 		p->score, p->status ? p->status : '?',
-		p->source_stays, p->broken_pair);
+		p->one->rename_used, p->broken_pair);
 }
 
 void diff_debug_queue(const char *msg, struct diff_queue_struct *q)
@@ -2477,8 +2951,8 @@ void diff_debug_queue(const char *msg, struct diff_queue_struct *q)
 
 static void diff_resolve_rename_copy(void)
 {
-	int i, j;
-	struct diff_filepair *p, *pp;
+	int i;
+	struct diff_filepair *p;
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 
 	diff_debug_queue("resolve-rename-copy", q);
@@ -2500,27 +2974,21 @@ static void diff_resolve_rename_copy(void)
 		 * either in-place edit or rename/copy edit.
 		 */
 		else if (DIFF_PAIR_RENAME(p)) {
-			if (p->source_stays) {
-				p->status = DIFF_STATUS_COPIED;
-				continue;
-			}
-			/* See if there is some other filepair that
-			 * copies from the same source as us.  If so
-			 * we are a copy.  Otherwise we are either a
-			 * copy if the path stays, or a rename if it
-			 * does not, but we already handled "stays" case.
+			/*
+			 * A rename might have re-connected a broken
+			 * pair up, causing the pathnames to be the
+			 * same again. If so, that's not a rename at
+			 * all, just a modification..
+			 *
+			 * Otherwise, see if this source was used for
+			 * multiple renames, in which case we decrement
+			 * the count, and call it a copy.
 			 */
-			for (j = i + 1; j < q->nr; j++) {
-				pp = q->queue[j];
-				if (strcmp(pp->one->path, p->one->path))
-					continue; /* not us */
-				if (!DIFF_PAIR_RENAME(pp))
-					continue; /* not a rename/copy */
-				/* pp is a rename/copy from the same source */
+			if (!strcmp(p->one->path, p->two->path))
+				p->status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
+			else if (--p->one->rename_used > 0)
 				p->status = DIFF_STATUS_COPIED;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!p->status)
+			else
 				p->status = DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED;
 		}
 		else if (hashcmp(p->one->sha1, p->two->sha1) ||
@@ -2559,90 +3027,87 @@ static void flush_one_pair(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
 		diff_flush_checkdiff(p, opt);
 	else if (fmt & (DIFF_FORMAT_RAW | DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS))
 		diff_flush_raw(p, opt);
-	else if (fmt & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
-		diff_flush_name(p, opt);
+	else if (fmt & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME) {
+		const char *name_a, *name_b;
+		name_a = p->two->path;
+		name_b = NULL;
+		strip_prefix(opt->prefix_length, &name_a, &name_b);
+		write_name_quoted(name_a, opt->file, opt->line_termination);
+	}
 }
 
-static void show_file_mode_name(const char *newdelete, struct diff_filespec *fs)
+static void show_file_mode_name(FILE *file, const char *newdelete, struct diff_filespec *fs)
 {
-	char *name = quote_one(fs->path);
 	if (fs->mode)
-		printf(" %s mode %06o %s\n", newdelete, fs->mode, name);
+		fprintf(file, " %s mode %06o ", newdelete, fs->mode);
 	else
-		printf(" %s %s\n", newdelete, name);
-	free(name);
+		fprintf(file, " %s ", newdelete);
+	write_name_quoted(fs->path, file, '\n');
 }
 
 
-static void show_mode_change(struct diff_filepair *p, int show_name)
+static void show_mode_change(FILE *file, struct diff_filepair *p, int show_name)
 {
 	if (p->one->mode && p->two->mode && p->one->mode != p->two->mode) {
+		fprintf(file, " mode change %06o => %06o%c", p->one->mode, p->two->mode,
+			show_name ? ' ' : '\n');
 		if (show_name) {
-			char *name = quote_one(p->two->path);
-			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o %s\n",
-			       p->one->mode, p->two->mode, name);
-			free(name);
+			write_name_quoted(p->two->path, file, '\n');
 		}
-		else
-			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o\n",
-			       p->one->mode, p->two->mode);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_rename_copy(const char *renamecopy, struct diff_filepair *p)
+static void show_rename_copy(FILE *file, const char *renamecopy, struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	char *names = pprint_rename(p->one->path, p->two->path);
 
-	printf(" %s %s (%d%%)\n", renamecopy, names,
-	       (int)(0.5 + p->score * 100.0/MAX_SCORE));
+	fprintf(file, " %s %s (%d%%)\n", renamecopy, names, similarity_index(p));
 	free(names);
-	show_mode_change(p, 0);
+	show_mode_change(file, p, 0);
 }
 
-static void diff_summary(struct diff_filepair *p)
+static void diff_summary(FILE *file, struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	switch(p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		show_file_mode_name("delete", p->one);
+		show_file_mode_name(file, "delete", p->one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		show_file_mode_name("create", p->two);
+		show_file_mode_name(file, "create", p->two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		show_rename_copy("copy", p);
+		show_rename_copy(file, "copy", p);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		show_rename_copy("rename", p);
+		show_rename_copy(file, "rename", p);
 		break;
 	default:
 		if (p->score) {
-			char *name = quote_one(p->two->path);
-			printf(" rewrite %s (%d%%)\n", name,
-				(int)(0.5 + p->score * 100.0/MAX_SCORE));
-			free(name);
-			show_mode_change(p, 0);
-		} else	show_mode_change(p, 1);
+			fputs(" rewrite ", file);
+			write_name_quoted(p->two->path, file, ' ');
+			fprintf(file, "(%d%%)\n", similarity_index(p));
+		}
+		show_mode_change(file, p, !p->score);
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
 struct patch_id_t {
-	struct xdiff_emit_state xm;
-	SHA_CTX *ctx;
+	git_SHA_CTX *ctx;
 	int patchlen;
 };
 
 static int remove_space(char *line, int len)
 {
 	int i;
-        char *dst = line;
-        unsigned char c;
+	char *dst = line;
+	unsigned char c;
 
-        for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
-                if (!isspace((c = line[i])))
-                        *dst++ = c;
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		if (!isspace((c = line[i])))
+			*dst++ = c;
 
-        return dst - line;
+	return dst - line;
 }
 
 static void patch_id_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
@@ -2656,7 +3121,7 @@ static void patch_id_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 
 	new_len = remove_space(line, len);
 
-	SHA1_Update(data->ctx, line, new_len);
+	git_SHA1_Update(data->ctx, line, new_len);
 	data->patchlen += new_len;
 }
 
@@ -2665,14 +3130,13 @@ static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 	int i;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	struct patch_id_t data;
 	char buffer[PATH_MAX * 4 + 20];
 
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct patch_id_t));
 	data.ctx = &ctx;
-	data.xm.consume = patch_id_consume;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		xpparam_t xpp;
@@ -2682,6 +3146,8 @@ static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		int len1, len2;
 
+		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		if (p->status == 0)
 			return error("internal diff status error");
 		if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN)
@@ -2700,10 +3166,6 @@ static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
 				fill_mmfile(&mf2, p->two) < 0)
 			return error("unable to read files to diff");
 
-		/* Maybe hash p->two? into the patch id? */
-		if (mmfile_is_binary(&mf2))
-			continue;
-
 		len1 = remove_space(p->one->path, strlen(p->one->path));
 		len2 = remove_space(p->two->path, strlen(p->two->path));
 		if (p->one->mode == 0)
@@ -2735,17 +3197,16 @@ static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
 					len2, p->two->path,
 					len1, p->one->path,
 					len2, p->two->path);
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, len1);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, len1);
 
 		xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
 		xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES;
-		ecb.outf = xdiff_outf;
-		ecb.priv = &data;
-		xdl_diff(&mf1, &mf2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, patch_id_consume, &data,
+			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	}
 
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2819,7 +3280,6 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 		struct diffstat_t diffstat;
 
 		memset(&diffstat, 0, sizeof(struct diffstat_t));
-		diffstat.xm.consume = diffstat_consume;
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 			if (check_pair_status(p))
@@ -2829,24 +3289,26 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 			show_numstat(&diffstat, options);
 		if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT)
 			show_stats(&diffstat, options);
-		else if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT)
-			show_shortstats(&diffstat);
+		if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT)
+			show_shortstats(&diffstat, options);
+		free_diffstat_info(&diffstat);
 		separator++;
 	}
+	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT)
+		show_dirstat(options);
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY && !is_summary_empty(q)) {
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
-			diff_summary(q->queue[i]);
+			diff_summary(options->file, q->queue[i]);
 		separator++;
 	}
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH) {
 		if (separator) {
+			putc(options->line_termination, options->file);
 			if (options->stat_sep) {
 				/* attach patch instead of inline */
-				fputs(options->stat_sep, stdout);
-			} else {
-				putchar(options->line_termination);
+				fputs(options->stat_sep, options->file);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -2866,6 +3328,8 @@ free_queue:
 	free(q->queue);
 	q->queue = NULL;
 	q->nr = q->alloc = 0;
+	if (options->close_file)
+		fclose(options->file);
 }
 
 static void diffcore_apply_filter(const char *filter)
@@ -2924,10 +3388,71 @@ static void diffcore_apply_filter(const char *filter)
 	*q = outq;
 }
 
+/* Check whether two filespecs with the same mode and size are identical */
+static int diff_filespec_is_identical(struct diff_filespec *one,
+				      struct diff_filespec *two)
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(one->mode))
+		return 0;
+	if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
+		return 0;
+	if (diff_populate_filespec(two, 0))
+		return 0;
+	return !memcmp(one->data, two->data, one->size);
+}
+
+static void diffcore_skip_stat_unmatch(struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
+	struct diff_queue_struct outq;
+	outq.queue = NULL;
+	outq.nr = outq.alloc = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+
+		/*
+		 * 1. Entries that come from stat info dirtyness
+		 *    always have both sides (iow, not create/delete),
+		 *    one side of the object name is unknown, with
+		 *    the same mode and size.  Keep the ones that
+		 *    do not match these criteria.  They have real
+		 *    differences.
+		 *
+		 * 2. At this point, the file is known to be modified,
+		 *    with the same mode and size, and the object
+		 *    name of one side is unknown.  Need to inspect
+		 *    the identical contents.
+		 */
+		if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) || /* (1) */
+		    !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two) ||
+		    (p->one->sha1_valid && p->two->sha1_valid) ||
+		    (p->one->mode != p->two->mode) ||
+		    diff_populate_filespec(p->one, 1) ||
+		    diff_populate_filespec(p->two, 1) ||
+		    (p->one->size != p->two->size) ||
+		    !diff_filespec_is_identical(p->one, p->two)) /* (2) */
+			diff_q(&outq, p);
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * The caller can subtract 1 from skip_stat_unmatch
+			 * to determine how many paths were dirty only
+			 * due to stat info mismatch.
+			 */
+			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, NO_INDEX))
+				diffopt->skip_stat_unmatch++;
+			diff_free_filepair(p);
+		}
+	}
+	free(q->queue);
+	*q = outq;
+}
+
 void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 {
-	if (options->quiet)
-		return;
+	if (options->skip_stat_unmatch)
+		diffcore_skip_stat_unmatch(options);
 	if (options->break_opt != -1)
 		diffcore_break(options->break_opt);
 	if (options->detect_rename)
@@ -2941,18 +3466,37 @@ void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 	diff_resolve_rename_copy();
 	diffcore_apply_filter(options->filter);
 
-	options->has_changes = !!diff_queued_diff.nr;
+	if (diff_queued_diff.nr)
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	else
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
+int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *opt, int status)
+{
+	int result = 0;
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	    !(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF))
+		return status;
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	    DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, HAS_CHANGES))
+		result |= 01;
+	if ((opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF) &&
+	    DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, CHECK_FAILED))
+		result |= 02;
+	return result;
+}
 
 void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    const char *base, const char *path)
+		    const char *concatpath)
 {
-	char concatpath[PATH_MAX];
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
 
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, IGNORE_SUBMODULES) && S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+		return;
+
 	/* This may look odd, but it is a preparation for
 	 * feeding "there are unchanged files which should
 	 * not produce diffs, but when you are doing copy
@@ -2960,17 +3504,19 @@ void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 	 * entries to the diff-core.  They will be prefixed
 	 * with something like '=' or '*' (I haven't decided
 	 * which but should not make any difference).
-	 * Feeding the same new and old to diff_change() 
+	 * Feeding the same new and old to diff_change()
 	 * also has the same effect.
 	 * Before the final output happens, they are pruned after
 	 * merged into rename/copy pairs as appropriate.
 	 */
-	if (options->reverse_diff)
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, REVERSE_DIFF))
 		addremove = (addremove == '+' ? '-' :
 			     addremove == '-' ? '+' : addremove);
 
-	if (!path) path = "";
-	sprintf(concatpath, "%s%s", base, path);
+	if (options->prefix &&
+	    strncmp(concatpath, options->prefix, options->prefix_length))
+		return;
+
 	one = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 
@@ -2980,33 +3526,39 @@ void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		fill_filespec(two, sha1, mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
-	options->has_changes = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
 void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 const char *base, const char *path) 
+		 const char *concatpath)
 {
-	char concatpath[PATH_MAX];
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
 
-	if (options->reverse_diff) {
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, IGNORE_SUBMODULES) && S_ISGITLINK(old_mode)
+			&& S_ISGITLINK(new_mode))
+		return;
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
 		unsigned tmp;
 		const unsigned char *tmp_c;
 		tmp = old_mode; old_mode = new_mode; new_mode = tmp;
 		tmp_c = old_sha1; old_sha1 = new_sha1; new_sha1 = tmp_c;
 	}
-	if (!path) path = "";
-	sprintf(concatpath, "%s%s", base, path);
+
+	if (options->prefix &&
+	    strncmp(concatpath, options->prefix, options->prefix_length))
+		return;
+
 	one = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_mode);
 	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
-	options->has_changes = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
 void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
@@ -3014,8 +3566,43 @@ void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
 		  unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
+
+	if (options->prefix &&
+	    strncmp(path, options->prefix, options->prefix_length))
+		return;
+
 	one = alloc_filespec(path);
 	two = alloc_filespec(path);
 	fill_filespec(one, sha1, mode);
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two)->is_unmerged = 1;
 }
+
+static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
+		size_t *outsize)
+{
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp;
+	const char *argv[3];
+	const char **arg = argv;
+	struct child_process child;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	temp = prepare_temp_file(spec->path, spec);
+	*arg++ = pgm;
+	*arg++ = temp->name;
+	*arg = NULL;
+
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.argv = argv;
+	child.out = -1;
+	if (start_command(&child) != 0 ||
+	    strbuf_read(&buf, child.out, 0) < 0 ||
+	    finish_command(&child) != 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		remove_tempfile();
+		error("error running textconv command '%s'", pgm);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	remove_tempfile();
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, outsize);
+}
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index a0d2ce1399..6616877ee5 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ typedef void (*change_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 const char *base, const char *path);
+		 const char *fullpath);
 
 typedef void (*add_remove_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    const char *base, const char *path);
+		    const char *fullpath);
 
 typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		struct diff_options *options, void *data);
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY	0x0008
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH	0x0010
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT	0x0020
+#define DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT	0x0040
 
 /* These override all above */
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_NAME	0x0100
@@ -43,44 +44,71 @@ typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK	0x1000
 
+#define DIFF_OPT_RECURSIVE           (1 <<  0)
+#define DIFF_OPT_TREE_IN_RECURSIVE   (1 <<  1)
+#define DIFF_OPT_BINARY              (1 <<  2)
+#define DIFF_OPT_TEXT                (1 <<  3)
+#define DIFF_OPT_FULL_INDEX          (1 <<  4)
+#define DIFF_OPT_SILENT_ON_REMOVE    (1 <<  5)
+#define DIFF_OPT_FIND_COPIES_HARDER  (1 <<  6)
+#define DIFF_OPT_FOLLOW_RENAMES      (1 <<  7)
+#define DIFF_OPT_COLOR_DIFF          (1 <<  8)
+#define DIFF_OPT_COLOR_DIFF_WORDS    (1 <<  9)
+#define DIFF_OPT_HAS_CHANGES         (1 << 10)
+#define DIFF_OPT_QUIET               (1 << 11)
+#define DIFF_OPT_NO_INDEX            (1 << 12)
+#define DIFF_OPT_ALLOW_EXTERNAL      (1 << 13)
+#define DIFF_OPT_EXIT_WITH_STATUS    (1 << 14)
+#define DIFF_OPT_REVERSE_DIFF        (1 << 15)
+#define DIFF_OPT_CHECK_FAILED        (1 << 16)
+#define DIFF_OPT_RELATIVE_NAME       (1 << 17)
+#define DIFF_OPT_IGNORE_SUBMODULES   (1 << 18)
+#define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE  (1 << 19)
+#define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_BY_FILE     (1 << 20)
+#define DIFF_OPT_ALLOW_TEXTCONV      (1 << 21)
+#define DIFF_OPT_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags & DIFF_OPT_##flag)
+#define DIFF_OPT_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag)
+#define DIFF_OPT_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags &= ~DIFF_OPT_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts & XDF_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts |= XDF_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_##flag)
+
 struct diff_options {
 	const char *filter;
 	const char *orderfile;
 	const char *pickaxe;
 	const char *single_follow;
-	unsigned recursive:1,
-		 tree_in_recursive:1,
-		 binary:1,
-		 text:1,
-		 full_index:1,
-		 silent_on_remove:1,
-		 find_copies_harder:1,
-		 color_diff:1,
-		 color_diff_words:1,
-		 has_changes:1,
-		 quiet:1,
-		 exit_with_status:1;
+	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
+	unsigned flags;
 	int context;
+	int interhunkcontext;
 	int break_opt;
 	int detect_rename;
+	int skip_stat_unmatch;
 	int line_termination;
 	int output_format;
 	int pickaxe_opts;
 	int rename_score;
-	int reverse_diff;
 	int rename_limit;
+	int warn_on_too_large_rename;
+	int dirstat_percent;
 	int setup;
 	int abbrev;
-	const char *msg_sep;
+	const char *prefix;
+	int prefix_length;
 	const char *stat_sep;
 	long xdl_opts;
 
 	int stat_width;
 	int stat_name_width;
+	const char *word_regex;
 
 	/* this is set by diffcore for DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH */
 	int found_changes;
 
+	FILE *file;
+	int close_file;
+
 	int nr_paths;
 	const char **paths;
 	int *pathlens;
@@ -101,6 +129,9 @@ enum color_diff {
 	DIFF_WHITESPACE = 7,
 };
 const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
+#define diff_get_color_opt(o, ix) \
+	diff_get_color(DIFF_OPT_TST((o), COLOR_DIFF), ix)
+
 
 extern const char mime_boundary_leader[];
 
@@ -136,31 +167,32 @@ extern void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char pa
 
 extern void diff_tree_combined_merge(const unsigned char *sha1, int, struct rev_info *);
 
+void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b);
+
 extern void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *,
 			   int addremove,
 			   unsigned mode,
 			   const unsigned char *sha1,
-			   const char *base,
-			   const char *path);
+			   const char *fullpath);
 
 extern void diff_change(struct diff_options *,
 			unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2,
 			const unsigned char *sha1,
 			const unsigned char *sha2,
-			const char *base, const char *path);
+			const char *fullpath);
 
 extern void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *,
 			 const char *path,
 			 unsigned mode,
 			 const unsigned char *sha1);
 
-extern int diff_scoreopt_parse(const char *opt);
-
 #define DIFF_SETUP_REVERSE      	1
 #define DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE		2
 #define DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE	4
 
-extern int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value);
+extern int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+extern int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+extern int diff_use_color_default;
 extern void diff_setup(struct diff_options *);
 extern int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *, const char **, int);
 extern int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
@@ -222,14 +254,20 @@ extern void diff_flush(struct diff_options*);
 
 extern const char *diff_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *, int);
 
-extern int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed);
-extern int setup_diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
-		int argc, const char ** argv, int nongit, const char *prefix);
-extern int run_diff_files_cmd(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv);
-
+/* do not report anything on removed paths */
+#define DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED 01
+/* report racily-clean paths as modified */
+#define DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED 02
+extern int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option);
 extern int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached);
 
 extern int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *, struct diff_options *);
 extern int diff_flush_patch_id(struct diff_options *, unsigned char *);
 
+extern int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *, int);
+
+extern void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *, int, const char **, int, const char *);
+
+extern int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags);
+
 #endif /* DIFF_H */
diff --git a/diffcore-break.c b/diffcore-break.c
index 9c19b8cab7..d7097bb576 100644
--- a/diffcore-break.c
+++ b/diffcore-break.c
@@ -45,15 +45,17 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	 * The value we return is 1 if we want the pair to be broken,
 	 * or 0 if we do not.
 	 */
-	unsigned long delta_size, base_size, src_copied, literal_added,
-		src_removed;
+	unsigned long delta_size, max_size;
+	unsigned long src_copied, literal_added, src_removed;
 
 	*merge_score_p = 0; /* assume no deletion --- "do not break"
 			     * is the default.
 			     */
 
-	if (!S_ISREG(src->mode) || !S_ISREG(dst->mode))
-		return 0; /* leave symlink rename alone */
+	if (S_ISREG(src->mode) != S_ISREG(dst->mode)) {
+		*merge_score_p = (int)MAX_SCORE;
+		return 1; /* even their types are different */
+	}
 
 	if (src->sha1_valid && dst->sha1_valid &&
 	    !hashcmp(src->sha1, dst->sha1))
@@ -62,12 +64,11 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 0) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
 		return 0; /* error but caught downstream */
 
-	base_size = ((src->size < dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
-	if (base_size < MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE)
+	max_size = ((src->size > dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
+	if (max_size < MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE)
 		return 0; /* we do not break too small filepair */
 
-	if (diffcore_count_changes(src->data, src->size,
-				   dst->data, dst->size,
+	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
 				   NULL, NULL,
 				   0,
 				   &src_copied, &literal_added))
@@ -90,12 +91,14 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	 * less than the minimum, after rename/copy runs.
 	 */
 	*merge_score_p = (int)(src_removed * MAX_SCORE / src->size);
+	if (*merge_score_p > break_score)
+		return 1;
 
 	/* Extent of damage, which counts both inserts and
 	 * deletes.
 	 */
 	delta_size = src_removed + literal_added;
-	if (delta_size * MAX_SCORE / base_size < break_score)
+	if (delta_size * MAX_SCORE / max_size < break_score)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* If you removed a lot without adding new material, that is
@@ -166,11 +169,13 @@ void diffcore_break(int break_score)
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		int score;
 
-		/* We deal only with in-place edit of non directory.
+		/*
+		 * We deal only with in-place edit of blobs.
 		 * We do not break anything else.
 		 */
 		if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two) &&
-		    !S_ISDIR(p->one->mode) && !S_ISDIR(p->two->mode) &&
+		    object_type(p->one->mode) == OBJ_BLOB &&
+		    object_type(p->two->mode) == OBJ_BLOB &&
 		    !strcmp(p->one->path, p->two->path)) {
 			if (should_break(p->one, p->two,
 					 break_score, &score)) {
diff --git a/diffcore-delta.c b/diffcore-delta.c
index 7338a40c59..e670f85125 100644
--- a/diffcore-delta.c
+++ b/diffcore-delta.c
@@ -5,23 +5,20 @@
 /*
  * Idea here is very simple.
  *
- * We have total of (sz-N+1) N-byte overlapping sequences in buf whose
- * size is sz.  If the same N-byte sequence appears in both source and
- * destination, we say the byte that starts that sequence is shared
- * between them (i.e. copied from source to destination).
+ * Almost all data we are interested in are text, but sometimes we have
+ * to deal with binary data.  So we cut them into chunks delimited by
+ * LF byte, or 64-byte sequence, whichever comes first, and hash them.
  *
- * For each possible N-byte sequence, if the source buffer has more
- * instances of it than the destination buffer, that means the
- * difference are the number of bytes not copied from source to
- * destination.  If the counts are the same, everything was copied
- * from source to destination.  If the destination has more,
- * everything was copied, and destination added more.
+ * For those chunks, if the source buffer has more instances of it
+ * than the destination buffer, that means the difference are the
+ * number of bytes not copied from source to destination.  If the
+ * counts are the same, everything was copied from source to
+ * destination.  If the destination has more, everything was copied,
+ * and destination added more.
  *
  * We are doing an approximation so we do not really have to waste
  * memory by actually storing the sequence.  We just hash them into
  * somewhere around 2^16 hashbuckets and count the occurrences.
- *
- * The length of the sequence is arbitrarily set to 8 for now.
  */
 
 /* Wild guess at the initial hash size */
@@ -49,22 +46,6 @@ struct spanhash_top {
 	struct spanhash data[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
-static struct spanhash *spanhash_find(struct spanhash_top *top,
-				      unsigned int hashval)
-{
-	int sz = 1 << top->alloc_log2;
-	int bucket = hashval & (sz - 1);
-	while (1) {
-		struct spanhash *h = &(top->data[bucket++]);
-		if (!h->cnt)
-			return NULL;
-		if (h->hashval == hashval)
-			return h;
-		if (sz <= bucket)
-			bucket = 0;
-	}
-}
-
 static struct spanhash_top *spanhash_rehash(struct spanhash_top *orig)
 {
 	struct spanhash_top *new;
@@ -125,11 +106,28 @@ static struct spanhash_top *add_spanhash(struct spanhash_top *top,
 	}
 }
 
-static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int sz)
+static int spanhash_cmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct spanhash *a = a_;
+	const struct spanhash *b = b_;
+
+	/* A count of zero compares at the end.. */
+	if (!a->cnt)
+		return !b->cnt ? 0 : 1;
+	if (!b->cnt)
+		return -1;
+	return a->hashval < b->hashval ? -1 :
+		a->hashval > b->hashval ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
 	int i, n;
 	unsigned int accum1, accum2, hashval;
 	struct spanhash_top *hash;
+	unsigned char *buf = one->data;
+	unsigned int sz = one->size;
+	int is_text = !diff_filespec_is_binary(one);
 
 	i = INITIAL_HASH_SIZE;
 	hash = xmalloc(sizeof(*hash) + sizeof(struct spanhash) * (1<<i));
@@ -143,6 +141,11 @@ static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int sz)
 		unsigned int c = *buf++;
 		unsigned int old_1 = accum1;
 		sz--;
+
+		/* Ignore CR in CRLF sequence if text */
+		if (is_text && c == '\r' && sz && *buf == '\n')
+			continue;
+
 		accum1 = (accum1 << 7) ^ (accum2 >> 25);
 		accum2 = (accum2 << 7) ^ (old_1 >> 25);
 		accum1 += c;
@@ -153,18 +156,22 @@ static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int sz)
 		n = 0;
 		accum1 = accum2 = 0;
 	}
+	qsort(hash->data,
+		1ul << hash->alloc_log2,
+		sizeof(hash->data[0]),
+		spanhash_cmp);
 	return hash;
 }
 
-int diffcore_count_changes(void *src, unsigned long src_size,
-			   void *dst, unsigned long dst_size,
+int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
+			   struct diff_filespec *dst,
 			   void **src_count_p,
 			   void **dst_count_p,
 			   unsigned long delta_limit,
 			   unsigned long *src_copied,
 			   unsigned long *literal_added)
 {
-	int i, ssz;
+	struct spanhash *s, *d;
 	struct spanhash_top *src_count, *dst_count;
 	unsigned long sc, la;
 
@@ -172,35 +179,39 @@ int diffcore_count_changes(void *src, unsigned long src_size,
 	if (src_count_p)
 		src_count = *src_count_p;
 	if (!src_count) {
-		src_count = hash_chars(src, src_size);
+		src_count = hash_chars(src);
 		if (src_count_p)
 			*src_count_p = src_count;
 	}
 	if (dst_count_p)
 		dst_count = *dst_count_p;
 	if (!dst_count) {
-		dst_count = hash_chars(dst, dst_size);
+		dst_count = hash_chars(dst);
 		if (dst_count_p)
 			*dst_count_p = dst_count;
 	}
 	sc = la = 0;
 
-	ssz = 1 << src_count->alloc_log2;
-	for (i = 0; i < ssz; i++) {
-		struct spanhash *s = &(src_count->data[i]);
-		struct spanhash *d;
+	s = src_count->data;
+	d = dst_count->data;
+	for (;;) {
 		unsigned dst_cnt, src_cnt;
 		if (!s->cnt)
-			continue;
+			break; /* we checked all in src */
+		while (d->cnt) {
+			if (d->hashval >= s->hashval)
+				break;
+			d++;
+		}
 		src_cnt = s->cnt;
-		d = spanhash_find(dst_count, s->hashval);
-		dst_cnt = d ? d->cnt : 0;
+		dst_cnt = d->hashval == s->hashval ? d->cnt : 0;
 		if (src_cnt < dst_cnt) {
 			la += dst_cnt - src_cnt;
 			sc += src_cnt;
 		}
 		else
 			sc += dst_cnt;
+		s++;
 	}
 
 	if (!src_count_p)
diff --git a/diffcore-order.c b/diffcore-order.c
index 2a4bd8232e..23e93852d8 100644
--- a/diffcore-order.c
+++ b/diffcore-order.c
@@ -48,11 +48,8 @@ static void prepare_order(const char *orderfile)
 				if (*ep == '\n') {
 					*ep = 0;
 					order[cnt] = cp;
-				}
-				else {
-					order[cnt] = xmalloc(ep-cp+1);
-					memcpy(order[cnt], cp, ep-cp);
-					order[cnt][ep-cp] = 0;
+				} else {
+					order[cnt] = xmemdupz(cp, ep - cp);
 				}
 				cnt++;
 			}
diff --git a/diffcore-pickaxe.c b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
index 286919e714..d0ef839700 100644
--- a/diffcore-pickaxe.c
+++ b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ static unsigned int contains(struct diff_filespec *one,
 			     regex_t *regexp)
 {
 	unsigned int cnt;
-	unsigned long offset, sz;
+	unsigned long sz;
 	const char *data;
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 		return 0;
@@ -25,25 +25,26 @@ static unsigned int contains(struct diff_filespec *one,
 		regmatch_t regmatch;
 		int flags = 0;
 
+		assert(data[sz] == '\0');
 		while (*data && !regexec(regexp, data, 1, &regmatch, flags)) {
 			flags |= REG_NOTBOL;
-			data += regmatch.rm_so;
-			if (*data) data++;
+			data += regmatch.rm_eo;
+			if (*data && regmatch.rm_so == regmatch.rm_eo)
+				data++;
 			cnt++;
 		}
 
 	} else { /* Classic exact string match */
-		/* Yes, I've heard of strstr(), but the thing is *data may
-		 * not be NUL terminated.  Sue me.
-		 */
-		for (offset = 0; offset + len <= sz; offset++) {
-			/* we count non-overlapping occurrences of needle */
-			if (!memcmp(needle, data + offset, len)) {
-				offset += len - 1;
-				cnt++;
-			}
+		while (sz) {
+			const char *found = memmem(data, sz, needle, len);
+			if (!found)
+				break;
+			sz -= found - data + len;
+			data = found + len;
+			cnt++;
 		}
 	}
+	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
 	return cnt;
 }
 
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ void diffcore_pickaxe(const char *needle, int opts)
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
 			diff_free_filepair(q->queue[i]);
 	}
-	else 
+	else
 		/* Showing only the filepairs that has the needle */
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index 79030412db..63ac998bfa 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
+#include "hash.h"
 
 /* Table of rename/copy destinations */
 
@@ -55,12 +56,10 @@ static struct diff_rename_dst *locate_rename_dst(struct diff_filespec *two,
 static struct diff_rename_src {
 	struct diff_filespec *one;
 	unsigned short score; /* to remember the break score */
-	unsigned src_path_left : 1;
 } *rename_src;
 static int rename_src_nr, rename_src_alloc;
 
 static struct diff_rename_src *register_rename_src(struct diff_filespec *one,
-						   int src_path_left,
 						   unsigned short score)
 {
 	int first, last;
@@ -92,37 +91,29 @@ static struct diff_rename_src *register_rename_src(struct diff_filespec *one,
 			(rename_src_nr - first - 1) * sizeof(*rename_src));
 	rename_src[first].one = one;
 	rename_src[first].score = score;
-	rename_src[first].src_path_left = src_path_left;
 	return &(rename_src[first]);
 }
 
-static int is_exact_match(struct diff_filespec *src,
-			  struct diff_filespec *dst,
-			  int contents_too)
+static int basename_same(struct diff_filespec *src, struct diff_filespec *dst)
 {
-	if (src->sha1_valid && dst->sha1_valid &&
-	    !hashcmp(src->sha1, dst->sha1))
-		return 1;
-	if (!contents_too)
-		return 0;
-	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 1) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 1))
-		return 0;
-	if (src->size != dst->size)
-		return 0;
-	if (src->sha1_valid && dst->sha1_valid)
-	    return !hashcmp(src->sha1, dst->sha1);
-	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 0) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
-		return 0;
-	if (src->size == dst->size &&
-	    !memcmp(src->data, dst->data, src->size))
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
+	int src_len = strlen(src->path), dst_len = strlen(dst->path);
+	while (src_len && dst_len) {
+		char c1 = src->path[--src_len];
+		char c2 = dst->path[--dst_len];
+		if (c1 != c2)
+			return 0;
+		if (c1 == '/')
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return (!src_len || src->path[src_len - 1] == '/') &&
+		(!dst_len || dst->path[dst_len - 1] == '/');
 }
 
 struct diff_score {
 	int src; /* index in rename_src */
 	int dst; /* index in rename_dst */
-	int score;
+	unsigned short score;
+	short name_score;
 };
 
 static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
@@ -153,6 +144,20 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (!S_ISREG(src->mode) || !S_ISREG(dst->mode))
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Need to check that source and destination sizes are
+	 * filled in before comparing them.
+	 *
+	 * If we already have "cnt_data" filled in, we know it's
+	 * all good (avoid checking the size for zero, as that
+	 * is a possible size - we really should have a flag to
+	 * say whether the size is valid or not!)
+	 */
+	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 1))
+		return 0;
+	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 1))
+		return 0;
+
 	max_size = ((src->size > dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
 	base_size = ((src->size < dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
 	delta_size = max_size - base_size;
@@ -168,14 +173,14 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) < delta_size * MAX_SCORE)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 0) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
-		return 0; /* error but caught downstream */
-
+	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 0))
+		return 0;
+	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
+		return 0;
 
 	delta_limit = (unsigned long)
 		(base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) / MAX_SCORE);
-	if (diffcore_count_changes(src->data, src->size,
-				   dst->data, dst->size,
+	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
 				   &src->cnt_data, &dst->cnt_data,
 				   delta_limit,
 				   &src_copied, &literal_added))
@@ -193,27 +198,25 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 
 static void record_rename_pair(int dst_index, int src_index, int score)
 {
-	struct diff_filespec *one, *two, *src, *dst;
+	struct diff_filespec *src, *dst;
 	struct diff_filepair *dp;
 
 	if (rename_dst[dst_index].pair)
 		die("internal error: dst already matched.");
 
 	src = rename_src[src_index].one;
-	one = alloc_filespec(src->path);
-	fill_filespec(one, src->sha1, src->mode);
+	src->rename_used++;
+	src->count++;
 
 	dst = rename_dst[dst_index].two;
-	two = alloc_filespec(dst->path);
-	fill_filespec(two, dst->sha1, dst->mode);
+	dst->count++;
 
-	dp = diff_queue(NULL, one, two);
+	dp = diff_queue(NULL, src, dst);
 	dp->renamed_pair = 1;
 	if (!strcmp(src->path, dst->path))
 		dp->score = rename_src[src_index].score;
 	else
 		dp->score = score;
-	dp->source_stays = rename_src[src_index].src_path_left;
 	rename_dst[dst_index].pair = dp;
 }
 
@@ -224,22 +227,191 @@ static void record_rename_pair(int dst_index, int src_index, int score)
 static int score_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	const struct diff_score *a = a_, *b = b_;
+
+	/* sink the unused ones to the bottom */
+	if (a->dst < 0)
+		return (0 <= b->dst);
+	else if (b->dst < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (a->score == b->score)
+		return b->name_score - a->name_score;
+
 	return b->score - a->score;
 }
 
-static int compute_stays(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
-			 struct diff_filespec *one)
+struct file_similarity {
+	int src_dst, index;
+	struct diff_filespec *filespec;
+	struct file_similarity *next;
+};
+
+static int find_identical_files(struct file_similarity *src,
+				struct file_similarity *dst)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-		if (strcmp(one->path, p->two->path))
-			continue;
-		if (DIFF_PAIR_RENAME(p)) {
-			return 0; /* something else is renamed into this */
+	int renames = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Walk over all the destinations ...
+	 */
+	do {
+		struct diff_filespec *target = dst->filespec;
+		struct file_similarity *p, *best;
+		int i = 100, best_score = -1;
+
+		/*
+		 * .. to find the best source match
+		 */
+		best = NULL;
+		for (p = src; p; p = p->next) {
+			int score;
+			struct diff_filespec *source = p->filespec;
+
+			/* False hash collision? */
+			if (hashcmp(source->sha1, target->sha1))
+				continue;
+			/* Non-regular files? If so, the modes must match! */
+			if (!S_ISREG(source->mode) || !S_ISREG(target->mode)) {
+				if (source->mode != target->mode)
+					continue;
+			}
+			/* Give higher scores to sources that haven't been used already */
+			score = !source->rename_used;
+			score += basename_same(source, target);
+			if (score > best_score) {
+				best = p;
+				best_score = score;
+				if (score == 2)
+					break;
+			}
+
+			/* Too many identical alternatives? Pick one */
+			if (!--i)
+				break;
 		}
+		if (best) {
+			record_rename_pair(dst->index, best->index, MAX_SCORE);
+			renames++;
+		}
+	} while ((dst = dst->next) != NULL);
+	return renames;
+}
+
+static void free_similarity_list(struct file_similarity *p)
+{
+	while (p) {
+		struct file_similarity *entry = p;
+		p = p->next;
+		free(entry);
 	}
-	return 1;
+}
+
+static int find_same_files(void *ptr)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct file_similarity *p = ptr;
+	struct file_similarity *src = NULL, *dst = NULL;
+
+	/* Split the hash list up into sources and destinations */
+	do {
+		struct file_similarity *entry = p;
+		p = p->next;
+		if (entry->src_dst < 0) {
+			entry->next = src;
+			src = entry;
+		} else {
+			entry->next = dst;
+			dst = entry;
+		}
+	} while (p);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have both sources *and* destinations, see if
+	 * we can match them up
+	 */
+	ret = (src && dst) ? find_identical_files(src, dst) : 0;
+
+	/* Free the hashes and return the number of renames found */
+	free_similarity_list(src);
+	free_similarity_list(dst);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static unsigned int hash_filespec(struct diff_filespec *filespec)
+{
+	unsigned int hash;
+	if (!filespec->sha1_valid) {
+		if (diff_populate_filespec(filespec, 0))
+			return 0;
+		hash_sha1_file(filespec->data, filespec->size, "blob", filespec->sha1);
+	}
+	memcpy(&hash, filespec->sha1, sizeof(hash));
+	return hash;
+}
+
+static void insert_file_table(struct hash_table *table, int src_dst, int index, struct diff_filespec *filespec)
+{
+	void **pos;
+	unsigned int hash;
+	struct file_similarity *entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
+
+	entry->src_dst = src_dst;
+	entry->index = index;
+	entry->filespec = filespec;
+	entry->next = NULL;
+
+	hash = hash_filespec(filespec);
+	pos = insert_hash(hash, entry, table);
+
+	/* We already had an entry there? */
+	if (pos) {
+		entry->next = *pos;
+		*pos = entry;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find exact renames first.
+ *
+ * The first round matches up the up-to-date entries,
+ * and then during the second round we try to match
+ * cache-dirty entries as well.
+ */
+static int find_exact_renames(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct hash_table file_table;
+
+	init_hash(&file_table);
+	for (i = 0; i < rename_src_nr; i++)
+		insert_file_table(&file_table, -1, i, rename_src[i].one);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++)
+		insert_file_table(&file_table, 1, i, rename_dst[i].two);
+
+	/* Find the renames */
+	i = for_each_hash(&file_table, find_same_files);
+
+	/* .. and free the hash data structure */
+	free_hash(&file_table);
+
+	return i;
+}
+
+#define NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST 4
+static void record_if_better(struct diff_score m[], struct diff_score *o)
+{
+	int i, worst;
+
+	/* find the worst one */
+	worst = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++)
+		if (score_compare(&m[i], &m[worst]) > 0)
+			worst = i;
+
+	/* is it better than the worst one? */
+	if (score_compare(&m[worst], o) > 0)
+		m[worst] = *o;
 }
 
 void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
@@ -250,12 +422,11 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 	struct diff_queue_struct outq;
 	struct diff_score *mx;
-	int i, j, rename_count, contents_too;
+	int i, j, rename_count;
 	int num_create, num_src, dst_cnt;
 
 	if (!minimum_score)
 		minimum_score = DEFAULT_RENAME_SCORE;
-	rename_count = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
@@ -269,79 +440,123 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 				locate_rename_dst(p->two, 1);
 		}
 		else if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
-			/* If the source is a broken "delete", and
+			/*
+			 * If the source is a broken "delete", and
 			 * they did not really want to get broken,
 			 * that means the source actually stays.
+			 * So we increment the "rename_used" score
+			 * by one, to indicate ourselves as a user
+			 */
+			if (p->broken_pair && !p->score)
+				p->one->rename_used++;
+			register_rename_src(p->one, p->score);
+		}
+		else if (detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY) {
+			/*
+			 * Increment the "rename_used" score by
+			 * one, to indicate ourselves as a user.
 			 */
-			int stays = (p->broken_pair && !p->score);
-			register_rename_src(p->one, stays, p->score);
+			p->one->rename_used++;
+			register_rename_src(p->one, p->score);
 		}
-		else if (detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
-			register_rename_src(p->one, 1, p->score);
 	}
-	if (rename_dst_nr == 0 || rename_src_nr == 0 ||
-	    (0 < rename_limit && rename_limit < rename_dst_nr))
+	if (rename_dst_nr == 0 || rename_src_nr == 0)
 		goto cleanup; /* nothing to do */
 
-	/* We really want to cull the candidates list early
+	/*
+	 * We really want to cull the candidates list early
 	 * with cheap tests in order to avoid doing deltas.
-	 * The first round matches up the up-to-date entries,
-	 * and then during the second round we try to match
-	 * cache-dirty entries as well.
 	 */
-	for (contents_too = 0; contents_too < 2; contents_too++) {
-		for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++) {
-			struct diff_filespec *two = rename_dst[i].two;
-			if (rename_dst[i].pair)
-				continue; /* dealt with an earlier round */
-			for (j = 0; j < rename_src_nr; j++) {
-				struct diff_filespec *one = rename_src[j].one;
-				if (!is_exact_match(one, two, contents_too))
-					continue;
-				record_rename_pair(i, j, (int)MAX_SCORE);
-				rename_count++;
-				break; /* we are done with this entry */
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Have we run out the created file pool?  If so we can avoid
-	 * doing the delta matrix altogether.
-	 */
-	if (rename_count == rename_dst_nr)
-		goto cleanup;
+	rename_count = find_exact_renames();
 
+	/* Did we only want exact renames? */
 	if (minimum_score == MAX_SCORE)
 		goto cleanup;
 
+	/*
+	 * Calculate how many renames are left (but all the source
+	 * files still remain as options for rename/copies!)
+	 */
 	num_create = (rename_dst_nr - rename_count);
 	num_src = rename_src_nr;
-	mx = xmalloc(sizeof(*mx) * num_create * num_src);
+
+	/* All done? */
+	if (!num_create)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/*
+	 * This basically does a test for the rename matrix not
+	 * growing larger than a "rename_limit" square matrix, ie:
+	 *
+	 *    num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit
+	 *
+	 * but handles the potential overflow case specially (and we
+	 * assume at least 32-bit integers)
+	 */
+	if (rename_limit <= 0 || rename_limit > 32767)
+		rename_limit = 32767;
+	if ((num_create > rename_limit && num_src > rename_limit) ||
+	    (num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit)) {
+		if (options->warn_on_too_large_rename)
+			warning("too many files (created: %d deleted: %d), skipping inexact rename detection", num_create, num_src);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	mx = xcalloc(num_create * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx));
 	for (dst_cnt = i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++) {
-		int base = dst_cnt * num_src;
 		struct diff_filespec *two = rename_dst[i].two;
+		struct diff_score *m;
+
 		if (rename_dst[i].pair)
 			continue; /* dealt with exact match already. */
+
+		m = &mx[dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST];
+		for (j = 0; j < NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; j++)
+			m[j].dst = -1;
+
 		for (j = 0; j < rename_src_nr; j++) {
 			struct diff_filespec *one = rename_src[j].one;
-			struct diff_score *m = &mx[base+j];
-			m->src = j;
-			m->dst = i;
-			m->score = estimate_similarity(one, two,
-						       minimum_score);
+			struct diff_score this_src;
+			this_src.score = estimate_similarity(one, two,
+							     minimum_score);
+			this_src.name_score = basename_same(one, two);
+			this_src.dst = i;
+			this_src.src = j;
+			record_if_better(m, &this_src);
+			diff_free_filespec_blob(one);
 		}
 		/* We do not need the text anymore */
-		diff_free_filespec_data(two);
+		diff_free_filespec_blob(two);
 		dst_cnt++;
 	}
+
 	/* cost matrix sorted by most to least similar pair */
-	qsort(mx, num_create * num_src, sizeof(*mx), score_compare);
-	for (i = 0; i < num_create * num_src; i++) {
-		struct diff_rename_dst *dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
+	qsort(mx, dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx), score_compare);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++) {
+		struct diff_rename_dst *dst;
+
+		if ((mx[i].dst < 0) ||
+		    (mx[i].score < minimum_score))
+			break; /* there is no more usable pair. */
+		dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
 		if (dst->pair)
 			continue; /* already done, either exact or fuzzy. */
-		if (mx[i].score < minimum_score)
+		if (rename_src[mx[i].src].one->rename_used)
+			continue;
+		record_rename_pair(mx[i].dst, mx[i].src, mx[i].score);
+		rename_count++;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++) {
+		struct diff_rename_dst *dst;
+
+		if ((mx[i].dst < 0) ||
+		    (mx[i].score < minimum_score))
 			break; /* there is no more usable pair. */
+		dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
+		if (dst->pair)
+			continue; /* already done, either exact or fuzzy. */
 		record_rename_pair(mx[i].dst, mx[i].src, mx[i].score);
 		rename_count++;
 	}
@@ -402,16 +617,7 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 					pair_to_free = p;
 			}
 			else {
-				for (j = 0; j < rename_dst_nr; j++) {
-					if (!rename_dst[j].pair)
-						continue;
-					if (strcmp(rename_dst[j].pair->
-						   one->path,
-						   p->one->path))
-						continue;
-					break;
-				}
-				if (j < rename_dst_nr)
+				if (p->one->rename_used)
 					/* this path remains */
 					pair_to_free = p;
 			}
@@ -437,27 +643,8 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 	*q = outq;
 	diff_debug_queue("done collapsing", q);
 
-	/* We need to see which rename source really stays here;
-	 * earlier we only checked if the path is left in the result,
-	 * but even if a path remains in the result, if that is coming
-	 * from copying something else on top of it, then the original
-	 * source is lost and does not stay.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-		if (DIFF_PAIR_RENAME(p) && p->source_stays) {
-			/* If one appears as the target of a rename-copy,
-			 * then mark p->source_stays = 0; otherwise
-			 * leave it as is.
-			 */
-			p->source_stays = compute_stays(q, p->one);
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++) {
-		diff_free_filespec_data(rename_dst[i].two);
-		free(rename_dst[i].two);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++)
+		free_filespec(rename_dst[i].two);
 
 	free(rename_dst);
 	rename_dst = NULL;
diff --git a/diffcore.h b/diffcore.h
index 1ea80671e3..5b634585e8 100644
--- a/diffcore.h
+++ b/diffcore.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Junio C Hamano
  */
-#ifndef _DIFFCORE_H_
-#define _DIFFCORE_H_
+#ifndef DIFFCORE_H
+#define DIFFCORE_H
 
 /* This header file is internal between diff.c and its diff transformers
  * (e.g. diffcore-rename, diffcore-pickaxe).  Never include this header
@@ -22,13 +22,18 @@
 
 #define MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE     400 /* do not break a file smaller than this */
 
+struct userdiff_driver;
+
 struct diff_filespec {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char *path;
 	void *data;
 	void *cnt_data;
+	const char *funcname_pattern_ident;
 	unsigned long size;
+	int count;               /* Reference count */
 	int xfrm_flags;		 /* for use by the xfrm */
+	int rename_used;         /* Count of rename users */
 	unsigned short mode;	 /* file mode */
 	unsigned sha1_valid : 1; /* if true, use sha1 and trust mode;
 				  * if false, use the name and read from
@@ -37,21 +42,27 @@ struct diff_filespec {
 #define DIFF_FILE_VALID(spec) (((spec)->mode) != 0)
 	unsigned should_free : 1; /* data should be free()'ed */
 	unsigned should_munmap : 1; /* data should be munmap()'ed */
+
+	struct userdiff_driver *driver;
+	/* data should be considered "binary"; -1 means "don't know yet" */
+	int is_binary;
 };
 
 extern struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *);
+extern void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *);
 extern void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, const unsigned char *,
 			  unsigned short);
 
 extern int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, int);
 extern void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *);
+extern void diff_free_filespec_blob(struct diff_filespec *);
+extern int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *);
 
 struct diff_filepair {
 	struct diff_filespec *one;
 	struct diff_filespec *two;
 	unsigned short int score;
-	char status; /* M C R N D U (see Documentation/diff-format.txt) */
-	unsigned source_stays : 1; /* all of R/C are copies */
+	char status; /* M C R A D U etc. (see Documentation/diff-format.txt or DIFF_STATUS_* in diff.h) */
 	unsigned broken_pair : 1;
 	unsigned renamed_pair : 1;
 	unsigned is_unmerged : 1;
@@ -85,7 +96,6 @@ extern struct diff_filepair *diff_queue(struct diff_queue_struct *,
 					struct diff_filespec *);
 extern void diff_q(struct diff_queue_struct *, struct diff_filepair *);
 
-extern void diffcore_pathspec(const char **pathspec);
 extern void diffcore_break(int);
 extern void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *);
 extern void diffcore_merge_broken(void);
@@ -103,8 +113,8 @@ void diff_debug_queue(const char *, struct diff_queue_struct *);
 #define diff_debug_queue(a,b) do {} while(0)
 #endif
 
-extern int diffcore_count_changes(void *src, unsigned long src_size,
-				  void *dst, unsigned long dst_size,
+extern int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
+				  struct diff_filespec *dst,
 				  void **src_count_p,
 				  void **dst_count_p,
 				  unsigned long delta_limit,
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 7426fde330..e05b850acf 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -7,13 +7,18 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 struct path_simplify {
 	int len;
 	const char *path;
 };
 
-int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
+static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len,
+	int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify);
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len);
+
+static int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *path, *slash, *next;
 	int prefix;
@@ -29,8 +34,9 @@ int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 	prefix = slash - path + 1;
 	while ((next = *++pathspec) != NULL) {
 		int len = strlen(next);
-		if (len >= prefix && !memcmp(path, next, len))
+		if (len >= prefix && !memcmp(path, next, prefix))
 			continue;
+		len = prefix - 1;
 		for (;;) {
 			if (!len)
 				return 0;
@@ -45,8 +51,28 @@ int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 	return prefix;
 }
 
+int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	const char *path;
+	int len;
+
+	/*
+	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
+	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
+	 */
+	len = common_prefix(pathspec);
+	path = "";
+
+	if (len)
+		path = xmemdupz(*pathspec, len);
+
+	/* Read the directory and prune it */
+	read_directory(dir, path, len, pathspec);
+	return len;
+}
+
 /*
- * Does 'match' matches the given name?
+ * Does 'match' match the given name?
  * A match is found if
  *
  * (1) the 'match' string is leading directory of 'name', or
@@ -62,18 +88,31 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 	int matchlen;
 
 	/* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
-	matchlen = strlen(match);
-	if (!matchlen)
+	if (!*match)
 		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
 
+	for (;;) {
+		unsigned char c1 = *match;
+		unsigned char c2 = *name;
+		if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+			break;
+		if (c1 != c2)
+			return 0;
+		match++;
+		name++;
+		namelen--;
+	}
+
+
 	/*
 	 * If we don't match the matchstring exactly,
 	 * we need to match by fnmatch
 	 */
+	matchlen = strlen(match);
 	if (strncmp(match, name, matchlen))
 		return !fnmatch(match, name, 0) ? MATCHED_FNMATCH : 0;
 
-	if (!name[matchlen])
+	if (namelen == matchlen)
 		return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
 	if (match[matchlen-1] == '/' || name[matchlen] == '/')
 		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
@@ -88,49 +127,83 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
  * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
  * actually matched anything.
  */
-int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int prefix, char *seen)
+int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen,
+		int prefix, char *seen)
 {
-	int retval;
-	const char *match;
+	int i, retval = 0;
+
+	if (!pathspec)
+		return 1;
 
 	name += prefix;
 	namelen -= prefix;
 
-	for (retval = 0; (match = *pathspec++) != NULL; seen++) {
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i] != NULL; i++) {
 		int how;
-		if (retval && *seen == MATCHED_EXACTLY)
+		const char *match = pathspec[i] + prefix;
+		if (seen && seen[i] == MATCHED_EXACTLY)
 			continue;
-		match += prefix;
 		how = match_one(match, name, namelen);
 		if (how) {
 			if (retval < how)
 				retval = how;
-			if (*seen < how)
-				*seen = how;
+			if (seen && seen[i] < how)
+				seen[i] = how;
 		}
 	}
 	return retval;
 }
 
+static int no_wildcard(const char *string)
+{
+	return string[strcspn(string, "*?[{\\")] == '\0';
+}
+
 void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 		 int baselen, struct exclude_list *which)
 {
-	struct exclude *x = xmalloc(sizeof (*x));
-
-	x->pattern = string;
+	struct exclude *x;
+	size_t len;
+	int to_exclude = 1;
+	int flags = 0;
+
+	if (*string == '!') {
+		to_exclude = 0;
+		string++;
+	}
+	len = strlen(string);
+	if (len && string[len - 1] == '/') {
+		char *s;
+		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x) + len);
+		s = (char *)(x+1);
+		memcpy(s, string, len - 1);
+		s[len - 1] = '\0';
+		string = s;
+		x->pattern = s;
+		flags = EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR;
+	} else {
+		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x));
+		x->pattern = string;
+	}
+	x->to_exclude = to_exclude;
+	x->patternlen = strlen(string);
 	x->base = base;
 	x->baselen = baselen;
-	if (which->nr == which->alloc) {
-		which->alloc = alloc_nr(which->alloc);
-		which->excludes = xrealloc(which->excludes,
-					   which->alloc * sizeof(x));
-	}
+	x->flags = flags;
+	if (!strchr(string, '/'))
+		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_NODIR;
+	if (no_wildcard(string))
+		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD;
+	if (*string == '*' && no_wildcard(string+1))
+		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH;
+	ALLOC_GROW(which->excludes, which->nr + 1, which->alloc);
 	which->excludes[which->nr++] = x;
 }
 
 static int add_excludes_from_file_1(const char *fname,
 				    const char *base,
 				    int baselen,
+				    char **buf_p,
 				    struct exclude_list *which)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -148,9 +221,14 @@ static int add_excludes_from_file_1(const char *fname,
 	}
 	buf = xmalloc(size+1);
 	if (read_in_full(fd, buf, size) != size)
+	{
+		free(buf);
 		goto err;
+	}
 	close(fd);
 
+	if (buf_p)
+		*buf_p = buf;
 	buf[size++] = '\n';
 	entry = buf;
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
@@ -172,38 +250,70 @@ static int add_excludes_from_file_1(const char *fname,
 
 void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
 {
-	if (add_excludes_from_file_1(fname, "", 0,
+	if (add_excludes_from_file_1(fname, "", 0, NULL,
 				     &dir->exclude_list[EXC_FILE]) < 0)
 		die("cannot use %s as an exclude file", fname);
 }
 
-int push_exclude_per_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
+static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 {
-	char exclude_file[PATH_MAX];
-	struct exclude_list *el = &dir->exclude_list[EXC_DIRS];
-	int current_nr = el->nr;
-
-	if (dir->exclude_per_dir) {
-		memcpy(exclude_file, base, baselen);
-		strcpy(exclude_file + baselen, dir->exclude_per_dir);
-		add_excludes_from_file_1(exclude_file, base, baselen, el);
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
+	int current;
+
+	if ((!dir->exclude_per_dir) ||
+	    (baselen + strlen(dir->exclude_per_dir) >= PATH_MAX))
+		return; /* too long a path -- ignore */
+
+	/* Pop the ones that are not the prefix of the path being checked. */
+	el = &dir->exclude_list[EXC_DIRS];
+	while ((stk = dir->exclude_stack) != NULL) {
+		if (stk->baselen <= baselen &&
+		    !strncmp(dir->basebuf, base, stk->baselen))
+			break;
+		dir->exclude_stack = stk->prev;
+		while (stk->exclude_ix < el->nr)
+			free(el->excludes[--el->nr]);
+		free(stk->filebuf);
+		free(stk);
 	}
-	return current_nr;
-}
 
-void pop_exclude_per_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, int stk)
-{
-	struct exclude_list *el = &dir->exclude_list[EXC_DIRS];
+	/* Read from the parent directories and push them down. */
+	current = stk ? stk->baselen : -1;
+	while (current < baselen) {
+		struct exclude_stack *stk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*stk));
+		const char *cp;
 
-	while (stk < el->nr)
-		free(el->excludes[--el->nr]);
+		if (current < 0) {
+			cp = base;
+			current = 0;
+		}
+		else {
+			cp = strchr(base + current + 1, '/');
+			if (!cp)
+				die("oops in prep_exclude");
+			cp++;
+		}
+		stk->prev = dir->exclude_stack;
+		stk->baselen = cp - base;
+		stk->exclude_ix = el->nr;
+		memcpy(dir->basebuf + current, base + current,
+		       stk->baselen - current);
+		strcpy(dir->basebuf + stk->baselen, dir->exclude_per_dir);
+		add_excludes_from_file_1(dir->basebuf,
+					 dir->basebuf, stk->baselen,
+					 &stk->filebuf, el);
+		dir->exclude_stack = stk;
+		current = stk->baselen;
+	}
+	dir->basebuf[baselen] = '\0';
 }
 
-/* Scan the list and let the last match determines the fate.
+/* Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
  * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
  */
 static int excluded_1(const char *pathname,
-		      int pathlen,
+		      int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
 		      struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -212,19 +322,28 @@ static int excluded_1(const char *pathname,
 		for (i = el->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
 			struct exclude *x = el->excludes[i];
 			const char *exclude = x->pattern;
-			int to_exclude = 1;
+			int to_exclude = x->to_exclude;
 
-			if (*exclude == '!') {
-				to_exclude = 0;
-				exclude++;
+			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
+				if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
+					*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
+				if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
+					continue;
 			}
 
-			if (!strchr(exclude, '/')) {
+			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
 				/* match basename */
-				const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
-				basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
-				if (fnmatch(exclude, basename, 0) == 0)
-					return to_exclude;
+				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
+					if (!strcmp(exclude, basename))
+						return to_exclude;
+				} else if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
+					if (x->patternlen - 1 <= pathlen &&
+					    !strcmp(exclude + 1, pathname + pathlen - x->patternlen + 1))
+						return to_exclude;
+				} else {
+					if (fnmatch(exclude, basename, 0) == 0)
+						return to_exclude;
+				}
 			}
 			else {
 				/* match with FNM_PATHNAME:
@@ -240,22 +359,31 @@ static int excluded_1(const char *pathname,
 				    strncmp(pathname, x->base, baselen))
 				    continue;
 
-				if (fnmatch(exclude, pathname+baselen,
-					    FNM_PATHNAME) == 0)
-					return to_exclude;
+				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
+					if (!strcmp(exclude, pathname + baselen))
+						return to_exclude;
+				} else {
+					if (fnmatch(exclude, pathname+baselen,
+						    FNM_PATHNAME) == 0)
+					    return to_exclude;
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return -1; /* undecided */
 }
 
-int excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname)
+int excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
 {
 	int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
 	int st;
+	const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
+	basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
 
+	prep_exclude(dir, pathname, basename-pathname);
 	for (st = EXC_CMDL; st <= EXC_FILE; st++) {
-		switch (excluded_1(pathname, pathlen, &dir->exclude_list[st])) {
+		switch (excluded_1(pathname, pathlen, basename,
+				   dtype_p, &dir->exclude_list[st])) {
 		case 0:
 			return 0;
 		case 1:
@@ -265,36 +393,140 @@ int excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
+static struct dir_entry *dir_entry_new(const char *pathname, int len)
 {
 	struct dir_entry *ent;
 
-	if (cache_name_pos(pathname, len) >= 0)
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (dir->nr == dir->alloc) {
-		int alloc = alloc_nr(dir->alloc);
-		dir->alloc = alloc;
-		dir->entries = xrealloc(dir->entries, alloc*sizeof(ent));
-	}
 	ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len + 1);
-	ent->ignored = ent->ignored_dir = 0;
 	ent->len = len;
 	memcpy(ent->name, pathname, len);
 	ent->name[len] = 0;
-	dir->entries[dir->nr++] = ent;
 	return ent;
 }
 
-static int dir_exists(const char *dirname, int len)
+static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
+{
+	if (cache_name_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
+		return NULL;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr+1, dir->alloc);
+	return dir->entries[dir->nr++] = dir_entry_new(pathname, len);
+}
+
+static struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
+{
+	if (!cache_name_is_other(pathname, len))
+		return NULL;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr+1, dir->ignored_alloc);
+	return dir->ignored[dir->ignored_nr++] = dir_entry_new(pathname, len);
+}
+
+enum exist_status {
+	index_nonexistent = 0,
+	index_directory,
+	index_gitdir,
+};
+
+/*
+ * The index sorts alphabetically by entry name, which
+ * means that a gitlink sorts as '\0' at the end, while
+ * a directory (which is defined not as an entry, but as
+ * the files it contains) will sort with the '/' at the
+ * end.
+ */
+static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
 {
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(dirname, len);
-	if (pos >= 0)
-		return 1;
-	pos = -pos-1;
-	if (pos >= active_nr) /* can't */
-		return 0;
-	return !strncmp(active_cache[pos]->name, dirname, len);
+	if (pos < 0)
+		pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		unsigned char endchar;
+
+		if (strncmp(ce->name, dirname, len))
+			break;
+		endchar = ce->name[len];
+		if (endchar > '/')
+			break;
+		if (endchar == '/')
+			return index_directory;
+		if (!endchar && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return index_gitdir;
+	}
+	return index_nonexistent;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When we find a directory when traversing the filesystem, we
+ * have three distinct cases:
+ *
+ *  - ignore it
+ *  - see it as a directory
+ *  - recurse into it
+ *
+ * and which one we choose depends on a combination of existing
+ * git index contents and the flags passed into the directory
+ * traversal routine.
+ *
+ * Case 1: If we *already* have entries in the index under that
+ * directory name, we always recurse into the directory to see
+ * all the files.
+ *
+ * Case 2: If we *already* have that directory name as a gitlink,
+ * we always continue to see it as a gitlink, regardless of whether
+ * there is an actual git directory there or not (it might not
+ * be checked out as a subproject!)
+ *
+ * Case 3: if we didn't have it in the index previously, we
+ * have a few sub-cases:
+ *
+ *  (a) if "show_other_directories" is true, we show it as
+ *      just a directory, unless "hide_empty_directories" is
+ *      also true and the directory is empty, in which case
+ *      we just ignore it entirely.
+ *  (b) if it looks like a git directory, and we don't have
+ *      'no_gitlinks' set we treat it as a gitlink, and show it
+ *      as a directory.
+ *  (c) otherwise, we recurse into it.
+ */
+enum directory_treatment {
+	show_directory,
+	ignore_directory,
+	recurse_into_directory,
+};
+
+static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
+	const char *dirname, int len,
+	const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+{
+	/* The "len-1" is to strip the final '/' */
+	switch (directory_exists_in_index(dirname, len-1)) {
+	case index_directory:
+		return recurse_into_directory;
+
+	case index_gitdir:
+		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
+			return ignore_directory;
+		return show_directory;
+
+	case index_nonexistent:
+		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
+			break;
+		if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", sha1) == 0)
+				return show_directory;
+		}
+		return recurse_into_directory;
+	}
+
+	/* This is the "show_other_directories" case */
+	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
+		return show_directory;
+	if (!read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify))
+		return ignore_directory;
+	return show_directory;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -322,6 +554,77 @@ static int simplify_away(const char *path, int pathlen, const struct path_simpli
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int in_pathspec(const char *path, int len, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+{
+	if (simplify) {
+		for (; simplify->path; simplify++) {
+			if (len == simplify->len
+			    && !memcmp(path, simplify->path, len))
+				return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_index_dtype(const char *path, int len)
+{
+	int pos;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	ce = cache_name_exists(path, len, 0);
+	if (ce) {
+		if (!ce_uptodate(ce))
+			return DT_UNKNOWN;
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return DT_DIR;
+		/*
+		 * Nobody actually cares about the
+		 * difference between DT_LNK and DT_REG
+		 */
+		return DT_REG;
+	}
+
+	/* Try to look it up as a directory */
+	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	if (pos >= 0)
+		return DT_UNKNOWN;
+	pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] > '/')
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] < '/')
+			continue;
+		if (!ce_uptodate(ce))
+			break;	/* continue? */
+		return DT_DIR;
+	}
+	return DT_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len)
+{
+	int dtype = de ? DTYPE(de) : DT_UNKNOWN;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
+		return dtype;
+	dtype = get_index_dtype(path, len);
+	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
+		return dtype;
+	if (lstat(path, &st))
+		return dtype;
+	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return DT_REG;
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+		return DT_DIR;
+	if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
+		return DT_LNK;
+	return dtype;
+}
+
 /*
  * Read a directory tree. We currently ignore anything but
  * directories, regular files and symlinks. That's because git
@@ -331,65 +634,79 @@ static int simplify_away(const char *path, int pathlen, const struct path_simpli
  * Also, we ignore the name ".git" (even if it is not a directory).
  * That likely will not change.
  */
-static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen, int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
-	DIR *fdir = opendir(path);
+	DIR *fdir = opendir(*base ? base : ".");
 	int contents = 0;
 
 	if (fdir) {
-		int exclude_stk;
 		struct dirent *de;
-		char fullname[PATH_MAX + 1];
-		memcpy(fullname, base, baselen);
-
-		exclude_stk = push_exclude_per_directory(dir, base, baselen);
+		char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+		memcpy(path, base, baselen);
 
 		while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
-			int len;
+			int len, dtype;
+			int exclude;
 
-			if ((de->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-			    (de->d_name[1] == 0 ||
-			     !strcmp(de->d_name + 1, ".") ||
-			     !strcmp(de->d_name + 1, "git")))
+			if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) ||
+			     !strcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
 				continue;
 			len = strlen(de->d_name);
-			memcpy(fullname + baselen, de->d_name, len+1);
-			if (simplify_away(fullname, baselen + len, simplify))
+			/* Ignore overly long pathnames! */
+			if (len + baselen + 8 > sizeof(path))
 				continue;
-			if (excluded(dir, fullname) != dir->show_ignored) {
-				if (!dir->show_ignored || DTYPE(de) != DT_DIR) {
+			memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, len+1);
+			len = baselen + len;
+			if (simplify_away(path, len, simplify))
+				continue;
+
+			dtype = DTYPE(de);
+			exclude = excluded(dir, path, &dtype);
+			if (exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED)
+			    && in_pathspec(path, len, simplify))
+				dir_add_ignored(dir, path,len);
+
+			/*
+			 * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
+			 * ignored files, ignore it
+			 */
+			if (exclude && !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
+				continue;
+
+			if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
+				dtype = get_dtype(de, path, len);
+
+			/*
+			 * Do we want to see just the ignored files?
+			 * We still need to recurse into directories,
+			 * even if we don't ignore them, since the
+			 * directory may contain files that we do..
+			 */
+			if (!exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)) {
+				if (dtype != DT_DIR)
 					continue;
-				}
 			}
 
-			switch (DTYPE(de)) {
-			struct stat st;
+			switch (dtype) {
 			default:
 				continue;
-			case DT_UNKNOWN:
-				if (lstat(fullname, &st))
-					continue;
-				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
-					break;
-				if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-					continue;
-				/* fallthrough */
 			case DT_DIR:
-				memcpy(fullname + baselen + len, "/", 2);
+				memcpy(path + len, "/", 2);
 				len++;
-				if (dir->show_other_directories &&
-				    !dir_exists(fullname, baselen + len)) {
-					if (dir->hide_empty_directories &&
-					    !read_directory_recursive(dir,
-						    fullname, fullname,
-						    baselen + len, 1, simplify))
+				switch (treat_directory(dir, path, len, simplify)) {
+				case show_directory:
+					if (exclude != !!(dir->flags
+							& DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
 						continue;
 					break;
+				case recurse_into_directory:
+					contents += read_directory_recursive(dir,
+						path, len, 0, simplify);
+					continue;
+				case ignore_directory:
+					continue;
 				}
-
-				contents += read_directory_recursive(dir,
-					fullname, fullname, baselen + len, 0, simplify);
-				continue;
+				break;
 			case DT_REG:
 			case DT_LNK:
 				break;
@@ -398,12 +715,10 @@ static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, co
 			if (check_only)
 				goto exit_early;
 			else
-				dir_add_name(dir, fullname, baselen + len);
+				dir_add_name(dir, path, len);
 		}
 exit_early:
 		closedir(fdir);
-
-		pop_exclude_per_directory(dir, exclude_stk);
 	}
 
 	return contents;
@@ -423,17 +738,12 @@ static int cmp_name(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  */
 static int simple_length(const char *match)
 {
-	const char special[256] = {
-		[0] = 1, ['?'] = 1,
-		['\\'] = 1, ['*'] = 1,
-		['['] = 1
-	};
 	int len = -1;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned char c = *match++;
 		len++;
-		if (special[c])
+		if (c == '\0' || is_glob_special(c))
 			return len;
 	}
 }
@@ -465,49 +775,159 @@ static struct path_simplify *create_simplify(const char **pathspec)
 
 static void free_simplify(struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
-	if (simplify)
-		free(simplify);
+	free(simplify);
 }
 
-int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, const char **pathspec)
+int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec)
 {
-	struct path_simplify *simplify = create_simplify(pathspec);
+	struct path_simplify *simplify;
 
-	/*
-	 * Make sure to do the per-directory exclude for all the
-	 * directories leading up to our base.
-	 */
-	if (baselen) {
-		if (dir->exclude_per_dir) {
-			char *p, *pp = xmalloc(baselen+1);
-			memcpy(pp, base, baselen+1);
-			p = pp;
-			while (1) {
-				char save = *p;
-				*p = 0;
-				push_exclude_per_directory(dir, pp, p-pp);
-				*p++ = save;
-				if (!save)
-					break;
-				p = strchr(p, '/');
-				if (p)
-					p++;
-				else
-					p = pp + baselen;
-			}
-			free(pp);
-		}
-	}
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
+		return dir->nr;
 
-	read_directory_recursive(dir, path, base, baselen, 0, simplify);
+	simplify = create_simplify(pathspec);
+	read_directory_recursive(dir, path, len, 0, simplify);
 	free_simplify(simplify);
 	qsort(dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
+	qsort(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
 	return dir->nr;
 }
 
-int
-file_exists(const char *f)
+int file_exists(const char *f)
+{
+	struct stat sb;
+	return lstat(f, &sb) == 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * get_relative_cwd() gets the prefix of the current working directory
+ * relative to 'dir'.  If we are not inside 'dir', it returns NULL.
+ *
+ * As a convenience, it also returns NULL if 'dir' is already NULL.  The
+ * reason for this behaviour is that it is natural for functions returning
+ * directory names to return NULL to say "this directory does not exist"
+ * or "this directory is invalid".  These cases are usually handled the
+ * same as if the cwd is not inside 'dir' at all, so get_relative_cwd()
+ * returns NULL for both of them.
+ *
+ * Most notably, get_relative_cwd(buffer, size, get_git_work_tree())
+ * unifies the handling of "outside work tree" with "no work tree at all".
+ */
+char *get_relative_cwd(char *buffer, int size, const char *dir)
+{
+	char *cwd = buffer;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return NULL;
+	if (!getcwd(buffer, size))
+		die_errno("can't find the current directory");
+
+	if (!is_absolute_path(dir))
+		dir = make_absolute_path(dir);
+
+	while (*dir && *dir == *cwd) {
+		dir++;
+		cwd++;
+	}
+	if (*dir)
+		return NULL;
+	if (*cwd == '/')
+		return cwd + 1;
+	return cwd;
+}
+
+int is_inside_dir(const char *dir)
+{
+	char buffer[PATH_MAX];
+	return get_relative_cwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer), dir) != NULL;
+}
+
+int is_empty_dir(const char *path)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
+	struct dirent *e;
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
+		if (!is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name)) {
+			ret = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int only_empty)
 {
-  struct stat sb;
-  return stat(f, &sb) == 0;
+	DIR *dir = opendir(path->buf);
+	struct dirent *e;
+	int ret = 0, original_len = path->len, len;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return -1;
+	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+
+	len = path->len;
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(path, len);
+		strbuf_addstr(path, e->d_name);
+		if (lstat(path->buf, &st))
+			; /* fall thru */
+		else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			if (!remove_dir_recursively(path, only_empty))
+				continue; /* happy */
+		} else if (!only_empty && !unlink(path->buf))
+			continue; /* happy, too */
+
+		/* path too long, stat fails, or non-directory still exists */
+		ret = -1;
+		break;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, original_len);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = rmdir(path->buf);
+	return ret;
 }
+
+void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir)
+{
+	const char *path;
+
+	dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
+	path = git_path("info/exclude");
+	if (!access(path, R_OK))
+		add_excludes_from_file(dir, path);
+	if (excludes_file && !access(excludes_file, R_OK))
+		add_excludes_from_file(dir, excludes_file);
+}
+
+int remove_path(const char *name)
+{
+	char *slash;
+
+	if (unlink(name) && errno != ENOENT)
+		return -1;
+
+	slash = strrchr(name, '/');
+	if (slash) {
+		char *dirs = xstrdup(name);
+		slash = dirs + (slash - name);
+		do {
+			*slash = '\0';
+		} while (rmdir(dirs) && (slash = strrchr(dirs, '/')));
+		free(dirs);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index 33c31f25fb..a6314464f9 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -1,62 +1,96 @@
 #ifndef DIR_H
 #define DIR_H
 
-/*
- * We maintain three exclude pattern lists:
- * EXC_CMDL lists patterns explicitly given on the command line.
- * EXC_DIRS lists patterns obtained from per-directory ignore files.
- * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files.
- */
-#define EXC_CMDL 0
-#define EXC_DIRS 1
-#define EXC_FILE 2
-
-
 struct dir_entry {
-	unsigned int ignored : 1;
-	unsigned int ignored_dir : 1;
-	unsigned int len : 30;
+	unsigned int len;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
+#define EXC_FLAG_NODIR 1
+#define EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD 2
+#define EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH 4
+#define EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR 8
+
 struct exclude_list {
 	int nr;
 	int alloc;
 	struct exclude {
 		const char *pattern;
+		int patternlen;
 		const char *base;
 		int baselen;
+		int to_exclude;
+		int flags;
 	} **excludes;
 };
 
+struct exclude_stack {
+	struct exclude_stack *prev;
+	char *filebuf;
+	int baselen;
+	int exclude_ix;
+};
+
 struct dir_struct {
 	int nr, alloc;
-	unsigned int show_ignored:1,
-		     show_other_directories:1,
-		     hide_empty_directories:1;
+	int ignored_nr, ignored_alloc;
+	enum {
+		DIR_SHOW_IGNORED = 1<<0,
+		DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES = 1<<1,
+		DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES = 1<<2,
+		DIR_NO_GITLINKS = 1<<3,
+		DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED = 1<<4
+	} flags;
 	struct dir_entry **entries;
+	struct dir_entry **ignored;
 
 	/* Exclude info */
 	const char *exclude_per_dir;
 	struct exclude_list exclude_list[3];
-};
+	/*
+	 * We maintain three exclude pattern lists:
+	 * EXC_CMDL lists patterns explicitly given on the command line.
+	 * EXC_DIRS lists patterns obtained from per-directory ignore files.
+	 * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files.
+	 */
+#define EXC_CMDL 0
+#define EXC_DIRS 1
+#define EXC_FILE 2
 
-extern int common_prefix(const char **pathspec);
+	struct exclude_stack *exclude_stack;
+	char basebuf[PATH_MAX];
+};
 
 #define MATCHED_RECURSIVELY 1
 #define MATCHED_FNMATCH 2
 #define MATCHED_EXACTLY 3
 extern int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int prefix, char *seen);
 
-extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, const char **pathspec);
-extern int push_exclude_per_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *, int);
-extern void pop_exclude_per_directory(struct dir_struct *, int);
+extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec);
+extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec);
 
-extern int excluded(struct dir_struct *, const char *);
+extern int excluded(struct dir_struct *, const char *, int *);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 			int baselen, struct exclude_list *which);
 extern int file_exists(const char *);
-extern struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len);
+
+extern char *get_relative_cwd(char *buffer, int size, const char *dir);
+extern int is_inside_dir(const char *dir);
+
+static inline int is_dot_or_dotdot(const char *name)
+{
+	return (name[0] == '.' &&
+		(name[1] == '\0' ||
+		 (name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0')));
+}
+
+extern int is_empty_dir(const char *dir);
+
+extern void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir);
+extern int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int only_empty);
+
+/* tries to remove the path with empty directories along it, ignores ENOENT */
+extern int remove_path(const char *path);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/editor.c b/editor.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d469d076b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/editor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env)
+{
+	const char *editor, *terminal;
+
+	editor = getenv("GIT_EDITOR");
+	if (!editor && editor_program)
+		editor = editor_program;
+	if (!editor)
+		editor = getenv("VISUAL");
+	if (!editor)
+		editor = getenv("EDITOR");
+
+	terminal = getenv("TERM");
+	if (!editor && (!terminal || !strcmp(terminal, "dumb")))
+		return error("Terminal is dumb but no VISUAL nor EDITOR defined.");
+
+	if (!editor)
+		editor = "vi";
+
+	if (strcmp(editor, ":")) {
+		size_t len = strlen(editor);
+		int i = 0;
+		int failed;
+		const char *args[6];
+		struct strbuf arg0 = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (strcspn(editor, "$ \t'") != len) {
+			/* there are specials */
+			strbuf_addf(&arg0, "%s \"$@\"", editor);
+			args[i++] = "sh";
+			args[i++] = "-c";
+			args[i++] = arg0.buf;
+		}
+		args[i++] = editor;
+		args[i++] = path;
+		args[i] = NULL;
+
+		failed = run_command_v_opt_cd_env(args, 0, NULL, env);
+		strbuf_release(&arg0);
+		if (failed)
+			return error("There was a problem with the editor '%s'.",
+					editor);
+	}
+
+	if (!buffer)
+		return 0;
+	if (strbuf_read_file(buffer, path, 0) < 0)
+		return error("could not read file '%s': %s",
+				path, strerror(errno));
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index d72f811580..d3e86c722a 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -1,25 +1,43 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
-static void create_directories(const char *path, struct checkout *state)
+static void create_directories(const char *path, int path_len,
+			       const struct checkout *state)
 {
-	int len = strlen(path);
-	char *buf = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	const char *slash = path;
+	char *buf = xmalloc(path_len + 1);
+	int len = 0;
 
-	while ((slash = strchr(slash+1, '/')) != NULL) {
-		len = slash - path;
-		memcpy(buf, path, len);
+	while (len < path_len) {
+		do {
+			buf[len] = path[len];
+			len++;
+		} while (len < path_len && path[len] != '/');
+		if (len >= path_len)
+			break;
 		buf[len] = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * For 'checkout-index --prefix=<dir>', <dir> is
+		 * allowed to be a symlink to an existing directory,
+		 * and we set 'state->base_dir_len' below, such that
+		 * we test the path components of the prefix with the
+		 * stat() function instead of the lstat() function.
+		 */
+		if (has_dirs_only_path(buf, len, state->base_dir_len))
+			continue; /* ok, it is already a directory. */
+
+		/*
+		 * If this mkdir() would fail, it could be that there
+		 * is already a symlink or something else exists
+		 * there, therefore we then try to unlink it and try
+		 * one more time to create the directory.
+		 */
 		if (mkdir(buf, 0777)) {
-			if (errno == EEXIST) {
-				struct stat st;
-				if (len > state->base_dir_len && state->force && !unlink(buf) && !mkdir(buf, 0777))
-					continue;
-				if (!stat(buf, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-					continue; /* ok */
-			}
-			die("cannot create directory at %s", buf);
+			if (errno == EEXIST && state->force &&
+			    !unlink_or_warn(buf) && !mkdir(buf, 0777))
+				continue;
+			die_errno("cannot create directory at '%s'", buf);
 		}
 	}
 	free(buf);
@@ -31,29 +49,27 @@ static void remove_subtree(const char *path)
 	struct dirent *de;
 	char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
 	char *name;
-	
+
 	if (!dir)
-		die("cannot opendir %s", path);
+		die_errno("cannot opendir '%s'", path);
 	strcpy(pathbuf, path);
 	name = pathbuf + strlen(path);
 	*name++ = '/';
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st;
-		if ((de->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    ((de->d_name[1] == 0) ||
-		     ((de->d_name[1] == '.') && de->d_name[2] == 0)))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
 		strcpy(name, de->d_name);
 		if (lstat(pathbuf, &st))
-			die("cannot lstat %s", pathbuf);
+			die_errno("cannot lstat '%s'", pathbuf);
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 			remove_subtree(pathbuf);
 		else if (unlink(pathbuf))
-			die("cannot unlink %s", pathbuf);
+			die_errno("cannot unlink '%s'", pathbuf);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
 	if (rmdir(path))
-		die("cannot rmdir %s", path);
+		die_errno("cannot rmdir '%s'", path);
 }
 
 static int create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode)
@@ -62,94 +78,104 @@ static int create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode)
 	return open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode);
 }
 
-static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path, struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile)
+static void *read_blob_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, unsigned long *size)
 {
-	int fd;
-	void *new;
-	unsigned long size;
-	long wrote;
 	enum object_type type;
+	void *new = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, size);
 
-	new = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!new || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		if (new)
-			free(new);
-		return error("git-checkout-index: unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
-			path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+	if (new) {
+		if (type == OBJ_BLOB)
+			return new;
+		free(new);
 	}
-	switch (ntohl(ce->ce_mode) & S_IFMT) {
-		char *buf;
-		unsigned long nsize;
+	return NULL;
+}
 
+static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path, const struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile)
+{
+	unsigned int ce_mode_s_ifmt = ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT;
+	int fd, ret, fstat_done = 0;
+	char *new;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned long size;
+	size_t wrote, newsize = 0;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	switch (ce_mode_s_ifmt) {
 	case S_IFREG:
-		if (to_tempfile) {
-			strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
-			fd = mkstemp(path);
-		} else
-			fd = create_file(path, ntohl(ce->ce_mode));
-		if (fd < 0) {
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		new = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
+		if (!new)
+			return error("git checkout-index: unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
+				path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+
+		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFLNK && has_symlinks && !to_tempfile) {
+			ret = symlink(new, path);
 			free(new);
-			return error("git-checkout-index: unable to create file %s (%s)",
-				path, strerror(errno));
+			if (ret)
+				return error("git checkout-index: unable to create symlink %s (%s)",
+					     path, strerror(errno));
+			break;
 		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Convert from git internal format to working tree format
 		 */
-		buf = new;
-		nsize = size;
-		if (convert_to_working_tree(ce->name, &buf, &nsize)) {
+		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG &&
+		    convert_to_working_tree(ce->name, new, size, &buf)) {
 			free(new);
-			new = buf;
-			size = nsize;
+			new = strbuf_detach(&buf, &newsize);
+			size = newsize;
+		}
+
+		if (to_tempfile) {
+			if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG)
+				strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+			else
+				strcpy(path, ".merge_link_XXXXXX");
+			fd = mkstemp(path);
+		} else if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG) {
+			fd = create_file(path, ce->ce_mode);
+		} else {
+			fd = create_file(path, 0666);
+		}
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			free(new);
+			return error("git checkout-index: unable to create file %s (%s)",
+				path, strerror(errno));
 		}
 
 		wrote = write_in_full(fd, new, size);
+		/* use fstat() only when path == ce->name */
+		if (fstat_is_reliable() &&
+		    state->refresh_cache && !to_tempfile && !state->base_dir_len) {
+			fstat(fd, &st);
+			fstat_done = 1;
+		}
 		close(fd);
 		free(new);
 		if (wrote != size)
-			return error("git-checkout-index: unable to write file %s", path);
+			return error("git checkout-index: unable to write file %s", path);
 		break;
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		if (to_tempfile || !has_symlinks) {
-			if (to_tempfile) {
-				strcpy(path, ".merge_link_XXXXXX");
-				fd = mkstemp(path);
-			} else
-				fd = create_file(path, 0666);
-			if (fd < 0) {
-				free(new);
-				return error("git-checkout-index: unable to create "
-						 "file %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
-			}
-			wrote = write_in_full(fd, new, size);
-			close(fd);
-			free(new);
-			if (wrote != size)
-				return error("git-checkout-index: unable to write file %s",
-					path);
-		} else {
-			wrote = symlink(new, path);
-			free(new);
-			if (wrote)
-				return error("git-checkout-index: unable to create "
-						 "symlink %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
-		}
+	case S_IFGITLINK:
+		if (to_tempfile)
+			return error("git checkout-index: cannot create temporary subproject %s", path);
+		if (mkdir(path, 0777) < 0)
+			return error("git checkout-index: cannot create subproject directory %s", path);
 		break;
 	default:
-		free(new);
-		return error("git-checkout-index: unknown file mode for %s", path);
+		return error("git checkout-index: unknown file mode for %s", path);
 	}
 
 	if (state->refresh_cache) {
-		struct stat st;
-		lstat(ce->name, &st);
+		if (!fstat_done)
+			lstat(ce->name, &st);
 		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct checkout *state, char *topath)
+int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *topath)
 {
 	static char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
 	struct stat st;
@@ -160,9 +186,10 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct checkout *state, char *topath)
 
 	memcpy(path, state->base_dir, len);
 	strcpy(path + len, ce->name);
+	len += ce_namelen(ce);
 
 	if (!lstat(path, &st)) {
-		unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 1);
+		unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
 		if (!changed)
 			return 0;
 		if (!state->force) {
@@ -177,14 +204,17 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct checkout *state, char *topath)
 		 * to emulate by hand - much easier to let the system
 		 * just do the right thing)
 		 */
-		unlink(path);
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			/* If it is a gitlink, leave it alone! */
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+				return 0;
 			if (!state->force)
 				return error("%s is a directory", path);
 			remove_subtree(path);
-		}
+		} else if (unlink(path))
+			return error("unable to unlink old '%s' (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
 	} else if (state->not_new)
 		return 0;
-	create_directories(path, state);
+	create_directories(path, len, state);
 	return write_entry(ce, path, state, 0);
 }
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index 22316597df..8f5eaa7dd8 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -11,9 +11,11 @@
 
 char git_default_email[MAX_GITNAME];
 char git_default_name[MAX_GITNAME];
-int use_legacy_headers = 1;
+int user_ident_explicitly_given;
 int trust_executable_bit = 1;
+int trust_ctime = 1;
 int has_symlinks = 1;
+int ignore_case;
 int assume_unchanged;
 int prefer_symlink_refs;
 int is_bare_repository_cfg = -1; /* unspecified */
@@ -24,13 +26,35 @@ const char *git_commit_encoding;
 const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 int shared_repository = PERM_UMASK;
 const char *apply_default_whitespace;
-int zlib_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+int zlib_compression_level = Z_BEST_SPEED;
+int core_compression_level;
+int core_compression_seen;
+int fsync_object_files;
 size_t packed_git_window_size = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE;
 size_t packed_git_limit = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT;
 size_t delta_base_cache_limit = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
-int pager_in_use;
+const char *pager_program;
 int pager_use_color = 1;
+const char *editor_program;
+const char *excludes_file;
 int auto_crlf = 0;	/* 1: both ways, -1: only when adding git objects */
+enum safe_crlf safe_crlf = SAFE_CRLF_WARN;
+unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg = WS_DEFAULT_RULE;
+enum branch_track git_branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE;
+enum rebase_setup_type autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER;
+enum push_default_type push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+#ifndef OBJECT_CREATION_MODE
+#define OBJECT_CREATION_MODE OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS
+#endif
+enum object_creation_mode object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_MODE;
+int grafts_replace_parents = 1;
+
+/* Parallel index stat data preload? */
+int core_preload_index = 0;
+
+/* This is set by setup_git_dir_gently() and/or git_default_config() */
+char *git_work_tree_cfg;
+static char *work_tree;
 
 static const char *git_dir;
 static char *git_object_dir, *git_index_file, *git_refs_dir, *git_graft_file;
@@ -39,6 +63,8 @@ static void setup_git_env(void)
 {
 	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (!git_dir)
+		git_dir = read_gitfile_gently(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	if (!git_dir)
 		git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
 	git_object_dir = getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (!git_object_dir) {
@@ -54,20 +80,18 @@ static void setup_git_env(void)
 	}
 	git_graft_file = getenv(GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (!git_graft_file)
-		git_graft_file = xstrdup(git_path("info/grafts"));
+		git_graft_file = git_pathdup("info/grafts");
 }
 
 int is_bare_repository(void)
 {
-	const char *dir, *s;
-	if (0 <= is_bare_repository_cfg)
-		return is_bare_repository_cfg;
+	/* if core.bare is not 'false', let's see if there is a work tree */
+	return is_bare_repository_cfg && !get_git_work_tree();
+}
 
-	dir = get_git_dir();
-	if (!strcmp(dir, DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT))
-		return 0;
-	s = strrchr(dir, '/');
-	return !s || strcmp(s + 1, DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+int have_git_dir(void)
+{
+	return !!git_dir;
 }
 
 const char *get_git_dir(void)
@@ -77,18 +101,47 @@ const char *get_git_dir(void)
 	return git_dir;
 }
 
-char *get_object_directory(void)
+static int git_work_tree_initialized;
+
+/*
+ * Note.  This works only before you used a work tree.  This was added
+ * primarily to support git-clone to work in a new repository it just
+ * created, and is not meant to flip between different work trees.
+ */
+void set_git_work_tree(const char *new_work_tree)
 {
-	if (!git_object_dir)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return git_object_dir;
+	if (is_bare_repository_cfg >= 0)
+		die("cannot set work tree after initialization");
+	git_work_tree_initialized = 1;
+	free(work_tree);
+	work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(new_work_tree));
+	is_bare_repository_cfg = 0;
+}
+
+const char *get_git_work_tree(void)
+{
+	if (!git_work_tree_initialized) {
+		work_tree = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
+		/* core.bare = true overrides implicit and config work tree */
+		if (!work_tree && is_bare_repository_cfg < 1) {
+			work_tree = git_work_tree_cfg;
+			/* make_absolute_path also normalizes the path */
+			if (work_tree && !is_absolute_path(work_tree))
+				work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(git_path("%s", work_tree)));
+		} else if (work_tree)
+			work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(work_tree));
+		git_work_tree_initialized = 1;
+		if (work_tree)
+			is_bare_repository_cfg = 0;
+	}
+	return work_tree;
 }
 
-char *get_refs_directory(void)
+char *get_object_directory(void)
 {
-	if (!git_refs_dir)
+	if (!git_object_dir)
 		setup_git_env();
-	return git_refs_dir;
+	return git_object_dir;
 }
 
 char *get_index_file(void)
@@ -105,4 +158,10 @@ char *get_graft_file(void)
 	return git_graft_file;
 }
 
-
+int set_git_dir(const char *path)
+{
+	if (setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, path, 1))
+		return error("Could not set GIT_DIR to '%s'", path);
+	setup_git_env();
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
index 9b74ed2f42..408e4e55e1 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ b/exec_cmd.c
@@ -4,12 +4,67 @@
 #define MAX_ARGS	32
 
 extern char **environ;
-static const char *builtin_exec_path = GIT_EXEC_PATH;
-static const char *current_exec_path;
+static const char *argv_exec_path;
+static const char *argv0_path;
 
-void git_set_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
+const char *system_path(const char *path)
 {
-	current_exec_path = exec_path;
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	static const char *prefix;
+#else
+	static const char *prefix = PREFIX;
+#endif
+	struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path))
+		return path;
+
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	assert(argv0_path);
+	assert(is_absolute_path(argv0_path));
+
+	if (!prefix &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, GIT_EXEC_PATH)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, BINDIR)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, "git"))) {
+		prefix = PREFIX;
+		fprintf(stderr, "RUNTIME_PREFIX requested, "
+				"but prefix computation failed.  "
+				"Using static fallback '%s'.\n", prefix);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", prefix, path);
+	path = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
+	return path;
+}
+
+const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *argv0)
+{
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (!argv0 || !*argv0)
+		return NULL;
+	slash = argv0 + strlen(argv0);
+
+	while (argv0 <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
+		slash--;
+
+	if (slash >= argv0) {
+		argv0_path = xstrndup(argv0, slash - argv0);
+		return slash + 1;
+	}
+
+	return argv0;
+}
+
+void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
+{
+	argv_exec_path = exec_path;
+	/*
+	 * Propagate this setting to external programs.
+	 */
+	setenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT, exec_path, 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -18,96 +73,74 @@ const char *git_exec_path(void)
 {
 	const char *env;
 
-	if (current_exec_path)
-		return current_exec_path;
+	if (argv_exec_path)
+		return argv_exec_path;
 
 	env = getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (env && *env) {
 		return env;
 	}
 
-	return builtin_exec_path;
+	return system_path(GIT_EXEC_PATH);
 }
 
+static void add_path(struct strbuf *out, const char *path)
+{
+	if (path && *path) {
+		if (is_absolute_path(path))
+			strbuf_addstr(out, path);
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(out, make_nonrelative_path(path));
 
-int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv)
+		strbuf_addch(out, PATH_SEP);
+	}
+}
+
+void setup_path(void)
 {
-	char git_command[PATH_MAX + 1];
-	int i;
-	const char *paths[] = { current_exec_path,
-				getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT),
-				builtin_exec_path };
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(paths); ++i) {
-		size_t len;
-		int rc;
-		const char *exec_dir = paths[i];
-		const char *tmp;
-
-		if (!exec_dir || !*exec_dir) continue;
-
-		if (*exec_dir != '/') {
-			if (!getcwd(git_command, sizeof(git_command))) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "git: cannot determine "
-					"current directory: %s\n",
-					strerror(errno));
-				break;
-			}
-			len = strlen(git_command);
-
-			/* Trivial cleanup */
-			while (!prefixcmp(exec_dir, "./")) {
-				exec_dir += 2;
-				while (*exec_dir == '/')
-					exec_dir++;
-			}
-
-			rc = snprintf(git_command + len,
-				      sizeof(git_command) - len, "/%s",
-				      exec_dir);
-			if (rc < 0 || rc >= sizeof(git_command) - len) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "git: command name given "
-					"is too long.\n");
-				break;
-			}
-		} else {
-			if (strlen(exec_dir) + 1 > sizeof(git_command)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "git: command name given "
-					"is too long.\n");
-				break;
-			}
-			strcpy(git_command, exec_dir);
-		}
-
-		len = strlen(git_command);
-		rc = snprintf(git_command + len, sizeof(git_command) - len,
-			      "/git-%s", argv[0]);
-		if (rc < 0 || rc >= sizeof(git_command) - len) {
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"git: command name given is too long.\n");
-			break;
-		}
+	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
+	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		/* argv[0] must be the git command, but the argv array
-		 * belongs to the caller, and my be reused in
-		 * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
-		 * restore it on error.
-		 */
+	add_path(&new_path, git_exec_path());
+	add_path(&new_path, argv0_path);
 
-		tmp = argv[0];
-		argv[0] = git_command;
+	if (old_path)
+		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin");
 
-		trace_argv_printf(argv, -1, "trace: exec:");
+	setenv("PATH", new_path.buf, 1);
 
-		/* execve() can only ever return if it fails */
-		execve(git_command, (char **)argv, environ);
+	strbuf_release(&new_path);
+}
 
-		trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv)
+{
+	int argc;
+	const char **nargv;
 
-		argv[0] = tmp;
-	}
-	return -1;
+	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
+		; /* just counting */
+	nargv = xmalloc(sizeof(*nargv) * (argc + 2));
+
+	nargv[0] = "git";
+	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
+		nargv[argc + 1] = argv[argc];
+	nargv[argc + 1] = NULL;
+	return nargv;
+}
+
+int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv) {
+	const char **nargv = prepare_git_cmd(argv);
+	trace_argv_printf(nargv, "trace: exec:");
 
+	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
+	execvp("git", (char **)nargv);
+
+	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+
+	free(nargv);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/exec_cmd.h b/exec_cmd.h
index 989621ff4e..e2b546b615 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.h
+++ b/exec_cmd.h
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-#ifndef __GIT_EXEC_CMD_H_
-#define __GIT_EXEC_CMD_H_
+#ifndef GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
+#define GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
 
-extern void git_set_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
-extern const char* git_exec_path(void);
+extern void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
+extern const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *path);
+extern const char *git_exec_path(void);
+extern void setup_path(void);
+extern const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv);
 extern int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv); /* NULL terminated */
 extern int execl_git_cmd(const char *cmd, ...);
+extern const char *system_path(const char *path);
 
-
-#endif /* __GIT_EXEC_CMD_H_ */
+#endif /* GIT_EXEC_CMD_H */
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index cdd629d6bc..7ef9865aa6 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+(See Documentation/git-fast-import.txt for maintained documentation.)
 Format of STDIN stream:
 
   stream ::= cmd*;
@@ -8,73 +9,84 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
         | new_tag
         | reset_branch
         | checkpoint
+        | progress
         ;
 
   new_blob ::= 'blob' lf
-	mark?
+    mark?
     file_content;
   file_content ::= data;
 
   new_commit ::= 'commit' sp ref_str lf
     mark?
-    ('author' sp name '<' email '>' when lf)?
-    'committer' sp name '<' email '>' when lf
+    ('author' sp name sp '<' email '>' sp when lf)?
+    'committer' sp name sp '<' email '>' sp when lf
     commit_msg
     ('from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)?
     ('merge' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)*
     file_change*
-    lf;
+    lf?;
   commit_msg ::= data;
 
-  file_change ::= file_clr | file_del | file_obm | file_inm;
+  file_change ::= file_clr
+    | file_del
+    | file_rnm
+    | file_cpy
+    | file_obm
+    | file_inm;
   file_clr ::= 'deleteall' lf;
   file_del ::= 'D' sp path_str lf;
+  file_rnm ::= 'R' sp path_str sp path_str lf;
+  file_cpy ::= 'C' sp path_str sp path_str lf;
   file_obm ::= 'M' sp mode sp (hexsha1 | idnum) sp path_str lf;
   file_inm ::= 'M' sp mode sp 'inline' sp path_str lf
     data;
 
   new_tag ::= 'tag' sp tag_str lf
     'from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf
-	'tagger' sp name '<' email '>' when lf
+    ('tagger' sp name sp '<' email '>' sp when lf)?
     tag_msg;
   tag_msg ::= data;
 
   reset_branch ::= 'reset' sp ref_str lf
     ('from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)?
-    lf;
+    lf?;
 
   checkpoint ::= 'checkpoint' lf
-    lf;
+    lf?;
+
+  progress ::= 'progress' sp not_lf* lf
+    lf?;
 
      # note: the first idnum in a stream should be 1 and subsequent
      # idnums should not have gaps between values as this will cause
      # the stream parser to reserve space for the gapped values.  An
-	 # idnum can be updated in the future to a new object by issuing
+     # idnum can be updated in the future to a new object by issuing
      # a new mark directive with the old idnum.
-	 #
+     #
   mark ::= 'mark' sp idnum lf;
   data ::= (delimited_data | exact_data)
-    lf;
+    lf?;
 
     # note: delim may be any string but must not contain lf.
     # data_line may contain any data but must not be exactly
     # delim.
   delimited_data ::= 'data' sp '<<' delim lf
     (data_line lf)*
-	delim lf;
+    delim lf;
 
      # note: declen indicates the length of binary_data in bytes.
-     # declen does not include the lf preceeding the binary data.
+     # declen does not include the lf preceding the binary data.
      #
   exact_data ::= 'data' sp declen lf
     binary_data;
 
      # note: quoted strings are C-style quoting supporting \c for
      # common escapes of 'c' (e..g \n, \t, \\, \") or \nnn where nnn
-	 # is the signed byte value in octal.  Note that the only
+     # is the signed byte value in octal.  Note that the only
      # characters which must actually be escaped to protect the
      # stream formatting is: \, " and LF.  Otherwise these values
-	 # are UTF8.
+     # are UTF8.
      #
   ref_str     ::= ref;
   sha1exp_str ::= sha1exp;
@@ -97,9 +109,9 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
   lf ::= # ASCII newline (LF) character;
 
      # note: a colon (':') must precede the numerical value assigned to
-	 # an idnum.  This is to distinguish it from a ref or tag name as
+     # an idnum.  This is to distinguish it from a ref or tag name as
      # GIT does not permit ':' in ref or tag strings.
-	 #
+     #
   idnum   ::= ':' bigint;
   path    ::= # GIT style file path, e.g. "a/b/c";
   ref     ::= # GIT ref name, e.g. "refs/heads/MOZ_GECKO_EXPERIMENT";
@@ -108,13 +120,24 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
   hexsha1 ::= # SHA1 in hexadecimal format;
 
      # note: name and email are UTF8 strings, however name must not
-	 # contain '<' or lf and email must not contain any of the
+     # contain '<' or lf and email must not contain any of the
      # following: '<', '>', lf.
-	 #
+     #
   name  ::= # valid GIT author/committer name;
   email ::= # valid GIT author/committer email;
   ts    ::= # time since the epoch in seconds, ascii base10 notation;
   tz    ::= # GIT style timezone;
+
+     # note: comments may appear anywhere in the input, except
+     # within a data command.  Any form of the data command
+     # always escapes the related input from comment processing.
+     #
+     # In case it is not clear, the '#' that starts the comment
+     # must be the first character on that line (an lf
+     # preceded it).
+     #
+  comment ::= '#' not_lf* lf;
+  not_lf  ::= # Any byte that is not ASCII newline (LF);
 */
 
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -127,18 +150,21 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define PACK_ID_BITS 16
 #define MAX_PACK_ID ((1<<PACK_ID_BITS)-1)
+#define DEPTH_BITS 13
+#define MAX_DEPTH ((1<<DEPTH_BITS)-1)
 
 struct object_entry
 {
 	struct object_entry *next;
 	uint32_t offset;
-	unsigned type : TYPE_BITS;
-	unsigned pack_id : PACK_ID_BITS;
+	uint32_t type : TYPE_BITS,
+		pack_id : PACK_ID_BITS,
+		depth : DEPTH_BITS;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
@@ -161,11 +187,10 @@ struct mark_set
 
 struct last_object
 {
-	void *data;
-	unsigned long len;
+	struct strbuf data;
 	uint32_t offset;
 	unsigned int depth;
-	unsigned no_free:1;
+	unsigned no_swap : 1;
 };
 
 struct mem_pool
@@ -173,7 +198,7 @@ struct mem_pool
 	struct mem_pool *next_pool;
 	char *next_free;
 	char *end;
-	char space[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+	uintmax_t space[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
 struct atom_str
@@ -187,7 +212,7 @@ struct tree_content;
 struct tree_entry
 {
 	struct tree_content *tree;
-	struct atom_str* name;
+	struct atom_str *name;
 	struct tree_entry_ms
 	{
 		uint16_t mode;
@@ -229,12 +254,6 @@ struct tag
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
-struct dbuf
-{
-	void *buffer;
-	size_t capacity;
-};
-
 struct hash_list
 {
 	struct hash_list *next;
@@ -247,10 +266,19 @@ typedef enum {
 	WHENSPEC_NOW,
 } whenspec_type;
 
+struct recent_command
+{
+	struct recent_command *prev;
+	struct recent_command *next;
+	char *buf;
+};
+
 /* Configured limits on output */
 static unsigned long max_depth = 10;
 static off_t max_packsize = (1LL << 32) - 1;
 static int force_update;
+static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+static int pack_compression_seen;
 
 /* Stats and misc. counters */
 static uintmax_t alloc_count;
@@ -285,18 +313,18 @@ static unsigned int object_entry_alloc = 5000;
 static struct object_entry_pool *blocks;
 static struct object_entry *object_table[1 << 16];
 static struct mark_set *marks;
-static const char* mark_file;
+static const char *mark_file;
 
 /* Our last blob */
-static struct last_object last_blob;
+static struct last_object last_blob = { STRBUF_INIT, 0, 0, 0 };
 
 /* Tree management */
 static unsigned int tree_entry_alloc = 1000;
 static void *avail_tree_entry;
 static unsigned int avail_tree_table_sz = 100;
 static struct avail_tree_content **avail_tree_table;
-static struct dbuf old_tree;
-static struct dbuf new_tree;
+static struct strbuf old_tree = STRBUF_INIT;
+static struct strbuf new_tree = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 /* Branch data */
 static unsigned long max_active_branches = 5;
@@ -311,10 +339,151 @@ static struct tag *last_tag;
 
 /* Input stream parsing */
 static whenspec_type whenspec = WHENSPEC_RAW;
-static struct strbuf command_buf;
+static struct strbuf command_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+static int unread_command_buf;
+static struct recent_command cmd_hist = {&cmd_hist, &cmd_hist, NULL};
+static struct recent_command *cmd_tail = &cmd_hist;
+static struct recent_command *rc_free;
+static unsigned int cmd_save = 100;
 static uintmax_t next_mark;
-static struct dbuf new_data;
+static struct strbuf new_data = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+static void write_branch_report(FILE *rpt, struct branch *b)
+{
+	fprintf(rpt, "%s:\n", b->name);
+
+	fprintf(rpt, "  status      :");
+	if (b->active)
+		fputs(" active", rpt);
+	if (b->branch_tree.tree)
+		fputs(" loaded", rpt);
+	if (is_null_sha1(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
+		fputs(" dirty", rpt);
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+
+	fprintf(rpt, "  tip commit  : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  old tree    : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  cur tree    : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  commit clock: %" PRIuMAX "\n", b->last_commit);
+
+	fputs("  last pack   : ", rpt);
+	if (b->pack_id < MAX_PACK_ID)
+		fprintf(rpt, "%u", b->pack_id);
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+}
+
+static void dump_marks_helper(FILE *, uintmax_t, struct mark_set *);
+
+static void write_crash_report(const char *err)
+{
+	char *loc = git_path("fast_import_crash_%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t) getpid());
+	FILE *rpt = fopen(loc, "w");
+	struct branch *b;
+	unsigned long lu;
+	struct recent_command *rc;
+
+	if (!rpt) {
+		error("can't write crash report %s: %s", loc, strerror(errno));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "fast-import: dumping crash report to %s\n", loc);
+
+	fprintf(rpt, "fast-import crash report:\n");
+	fprintf(rpt, "    fast-import process: %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getpid());
+	fprintf(rpt, "    parent process     : %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getppid());
+	fprintf(rpt, "    at %s\n", show_date(time(NULL), 0, DATE_LOCAL));
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+
+	fputs("fatal: ", rpt);
+	fputs(err, rpt);
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
 
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("Most Recent Commands Before Crash\n", rpt);
+	fputs("---------------------------------\n", rpt);
+	for (rc = cmd_hist.next; rc != &cmd_hist; rc = rc->next) {
+		if (rc->next == &cmd_hist)
+			fputs("* ", rpt);
+		else
+			fputs("  ", rpt);
+		fputs(rc->buf, rpt);
+		fputc('\n', rpt);
+	}
+
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("Active Branch LRU\n", rpt);
+	fputs("-----------------\n", rpt);
+	fprintf(rpt, "    active_branches = %lu cur, %lu max\n",
+		cur_active_branches,
+		max_active_branches);
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("  pos  clock name\n", rpt);
+	fputs("  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n", rpt);
+	for (b = active_branches, lu = 0; b; b = b->active_next_branch)
+		fprintf(rpt, "  %2lu) %6" PRIuMAX" %s\n",
+			++lu, b->last_commit, b->name);
+
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("Inactive Branches\n", rpt);
+	fputs("-----------------\n", rpt);
+	for (lu = 0; lu < branch_table_sz; lu++) {
+		for (b = branch_table[lu]; b; b = b->table_next_branch)
+			write_branch_report(rpt, b);
+	}
+
+	if (first_tag) {
+		struct tag *tg;
+		fputc('\n', rpt);
+		fputs("Annotated Tags\n", rpt);
+		fputs("--------------\n", rpt);
+		for (tg = first_tag; tg; tg = tg->next_tag) {
+			fputs(sha1_to_hex(tg->sha1), rpt);
+			fputc(' ', rpt);
+			fputs(tg->name, rpt);
+			fputc('\n', rpt);
+		}
+	}
+
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("Marks\n", rpt);
+	fputs("-----\n", rpt);
+	if (mark_file)
+		fprintf(rpt, "  exported to %s\n", mark_file);
+	else
+		dump_marks_helper(rpt, 0, marks);
+
+	fputc('\n', rpt);
+	fputs("-------------------\n", rpt);
+	fputs("END OF CRASH REPORT\n", rpt);
+	fclose(rpt);
+}
+
+static void end_packfile(void);
+static void unkeep_all_packs(void);
+static void dump_marks(void);
+
+static NORETURN void die_nicely(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	static int zombie;
+	char message[2 * PATH_MAX];
+
+	vsnprintf(message, sizeof(message), err, params);
+	fputs("fatal: ", stderr);
+	fputs(message, stderr);
+	fputc('\n', stderr);
+
+	if (!zombie) {
+		zombie = 1;
+		write_crash_report(message);
+		end_packfile();
+		unkeep_all_packs();
+		dump_marks();
+	}
+	exit(128);
+}
 
 static void alloc_objects(unsigned int cnt)
 {
@@ -387,6 +556,10 @@ static void *pool_alloc(size_t len)
 	struct mem_pool *p;
 	void *r;
 
+	/* round up to a 'uintmax_t' alignment */
+	if (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1))
+		len += sizeof(uintmax_t) - (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1));
+
 	for (p = mem_pool; p; p = p->next_pool)
 		if ((p->end - p->next_free >= len))
 			break;
@@ -399,15 +572,12 @@ static void *pool_alloc(size_t len)
 		total_allocd += sizeof(struct mem_pool) + mem_pool_alloc;
 		p = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mem_pool) + mem_pool_alloc);
 		p->next_pool = mem_pool;
-		p->next_free = p->space;
+		p->next_free = (char *) p->space;
 		p->end = p->next_free + mem_pool_alloc;
 		mem_pool = p;
 	}
 
 	r = p->next_free;
-	/* round out to a pointer alignment */
-	if (len & (sizeof(void*) - 1))
-		len += sizeof(void*) - (len & (sizeof(void*) - 1));
 	p->next_free += len;
 	return r;
 }
@@ -427,17 +597,6 @@ static char *pool_strdup(const char *s)
 	return r;
 }
 
-static void size_dbuf(struct dbuf *b, size_t maxlen)
-{
-	if (b->buffer) {
-		if (b->capacity >= maxlen)
-			return;
-		free(b->buffer);
-	}
-	b->capacity = ((maxlen / 1024) + 1) * 1024;
-	b->buffer = xmalloc(b->capacity);
-}
-
 static void insert_mark(uintmax_t idnum, struct object_entry *oe)
 {
 	struct mark_set *s = marks;
@@ -513,12 +672,17 @@ static struct branch *lookup_branch(const char *name)
 static struct branch *new_branch(const char *name)
 {
 	unsigned int hc = hc_str(name, strlen(name)) % branch_table_sz;
-	struct branch* b = lookup_branch(name);
+	struct branch *b = lookup_branch(name);
 
 	if (b)
 		die("Invalid attempt to create duplicate branch: %s", name);
-	if (check_ref_format(name))
+	switch (check_ref_format(name)) {
+	case 0: break; /* its valid */
+	case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL:
+		break; /* valid, but too few '/', allow anyway */
+	default:
 		die("Branch name doesn't conform to GIT standards: %s", name);
+	}
 
 	b = pool_calloc(1, sizeof(struct branch));
 	b->name = pool_strdup(name);
@@ -622,6 +786,31 @@ static void release_tree_entry(struct tree_entry *e)
 	avail_tree_entry = e;
 }
 
+static struct tree_content *dup_tree_content(struct tree_content *s)
+{
+	struct tree_content *d;
+	struct tree_entry *a, *b;
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	if (!s)
+		return NULL;
+	d = new_tree_content(s->entry_count);
+	for (i = 0; i < s->entry_count; i++) {
+		a = s->entries[i];
+		b = new_tree_entry();
+		memcpy(b, a, sizeof(*a));
+		if (a->tree && is_null_sha1(b->versions[1].sha1))
+			b->tree = dup_tree_content(a->tree);
+		else
+			b->tree = NULL;
+		d->entries[i] = b;
+	}
+	d->entry_count = s->entry_count;
+	d->delta_depth = s->delta_depth;
+
+	return d;
+}
+
 static void start_packfile(void)
 {
 	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
@@ -629,11 +818,8 @@ static void start_packfile(void)
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	int pack_fd;
 
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-		"%s/tmp_pack_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-	pack_fd = mkstemp(tmpfile);
-	if (pack_fd < 0)
-		die("Can't create %s: %s", tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+			      "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
 	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmpfile) + 2);
 	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmpfile);
 	p->pack_fd = pack_fd;
@@ -651,42 +837,6 @@ static void start_packfile(void)
 	all_packs[pack_id] = p;
 }
 
-static void fixup_header_footer(void)
-{
-	static const int buf_sz = 128 * 1024;
-	int pack_fd = pack_data->pack_fd;
-	SHA_CTX c;
-	struct pack_header hdr;
-	char *buf;
-
-	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("Failed seeking to start: %s", strerror(errno));
-	if (read_in_full(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
-		die("Unable to reread header of %s", pack_data->pack_name);
-	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("Failed seeking to start: %s", strerror(errno));
-	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(object_count);
-	write_or_die(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-
-	buf = xmalloc(buf_sz);
-	for (;;) {
-		size_t n = xread(pack_fd, buf, buf_sz);
-		if (!n)
-			break;
-		if (n < 0)
-			die("Failed to checksum %s", pack_data->pack_name);
-		SHA1_Update(&c, buf, n);
-	}
-	free(buf);
-
-	SHA1_Final(pack_data->sha1, &c);
-	write_or_die(pack_fd, pack_data->sha1, sizeof(pack_data->sha1));
-	close(pack_fd);
-}
-
 static int oecmp (const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	struct object_entry *a = *((struct object_entry**)a_);
@@ -697,7 +847,7 @@ static int oecmp (const void *a_, const void *b_)
 static char *create_index(void)
 {
 	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	struct sha1file *f;
 	struct object_entry **idx, **c, **last, *e;
 	struct object_entry_pool *o;
@@ -719,7 +869,7 @@ static char *create_index(void)
 	/* Generate the fan-out array. */
 	c = idx;
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		struct object_entry **next = c;;
+		struct object_entry **next = c;
 		while (next < last) {
 			if ((*next)->sha1[0] != i)
 				break;
@@ -729,24 +879,21 @@ static char *create_index(void)
 		c = next;
 	}
 
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-		"%s/tmp_idx_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-	idx_fd = mkstemp(tmpfile);
-	if (idx_fd < 0)
-		die("Can't create %s: %s", tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+	idx_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+			     "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
 	f = sha1fd(idx_fd, tmpfile);
 	sha1write(f, array, 256 * sizeof(int));
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	for (c = idx; c != last; c++) {
 		uint32_t offset = htonl((*c)->offset);
 		sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
 		sha1write(f, (*c)->sha1, sizeof((*c)->sha1));
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, (*c)->sha1, 20);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, (*c)->sha1, 20);
 	}
 	sha1write(f, pack_data->sha1, sizeof(pack_data->sha1));
-	sha1close(f, NULL, 1);
+	sha1close(f, NULL, CSUM_FSYNC);
 	free(idx);
-	SHA1_Final(pack_data->sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(pack_data->sha1, &ctx);
 	return tmpfile;
 }
 
@@ -756,16 +903,12 @@ static char *keep_pack(char *curr_index_name)
 	static const char *keep_msg = "fast-import";
 	int keep_fd;
 
-	chmod(pack_data->pack_name, 0444);
-	chmod(curr_index_name, 0444);
-
-	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
-	keep_fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+	keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), pack_data->sha1);
 	if (keep_fd < 0)
-		die("cannot create keep file");
-	write(keep_fd, keep_msg, strlen(keep_msg));
-	close(keep_fd);
+		die_errno("cannot create keep file");
+	write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, strlen(keep_msg));
+	if (close(keep_fd))
+		die_errno("failed to write keep file");
 
 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.pack",
 		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
@@ -788,7 +931,7 @@ static void unkeep_all_packs(void)
 		struct packed_git *p = all_packs[k];
 		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
 			 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(p->sha1));
-		unlink(name);
+		unlink_or_warn(name);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -796,20 +939,24 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 {
 	struct packed_git *old_p = pack_data, *new_p;
 
+	clear_delta_base_cache();
 	if (object_count) {
 		char *idx_name;
 		int i;
 		struct branch *b;
 		struct tag *t;
 
-		fixup_header_footer();
+		close_pack_windows(pack_data);
+		fixup_pack_header_footer(pack_data->pack_fd, pack_data->sha1,
+				    pack_data->pack_name, object_count,
+				    NULL, 0);
+		close(pack_data->pack_fd);
 		idx_name = keep_pack(create_index());
 
-		/* Register the packfile with core git's machinary. */
+		/* Register the packfile with core git's machinery. */
 		new_p = add_packed_git(idx_name, strlen(idx_name), 1);
 		if (!new_p)
 			die("core git rejected index %s", idx_name);
-		new_p->windows = old_p->windows;
 		all_packs[pack_id] = new_p;
 		install_packed_git(new_p);
 
@@ -832,14 +979,14 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 
 		pack_id++;
 	}
-	else
-		unlink(old_p->pack_name);
+	else {
+		close(old_p->pack_fd);
+		unlink_or_warn(old_p->pack_name);
+	}
 	free(old_p);
 
 	/* We can't carry a delta across packfiles. */
-	free(last_blob.data);
-	last_blob.data = NULL;
-	last_blob.len = 0;
+	strbuf_release(&last_blob.data);
 	last_blob.offset = 0;
 	last_blob.depth = 0;
 }
@@ -875,8 +1022,7 @@ static size_t encode_header(
 
 static int store_object(
 	enum object_type type,
-	void *dat,
-	size_t datlen,
+	struct strbuf *dat,
 	struct last_object *last,
 	unsigned char *sha1out,
 	uintmax_t mark)
@@ -886,15 +1032,15 @@ static int store_object(
 	unsigned char hdr[96];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	unsigned long hdrlen, deltalen;
-	SHA_CTX c;
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	z_stream s;
 
-	hdrlen = sprintf((char*)hdr,"%s %lu", typename(type),
-		(unsigned long)datlen) + 1;
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, dat, datlen);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	hdrlen = sprintf((char *)hdr,"%s %lu", typename(type),
+		(unsigned long)dat->len) + 1;
+	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, dat->buf, dat->len);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
 	if (sha1out)
 		hashcpy(sha1out, sha1);
 
@@ -904,13 +1050,19 @@ static int store_object(
 	if (e->offset) {
 		duplicate_count_by_type[type]++;
 		return 1;
+	} else if (find_sha1_pack(sha1, packed_git)) {
+		e->type = type;
+		e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
+		e->offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
+		duplicate_count_by_type[type]++;
+		return 1;
 	}
 
-	if (last && last->data && last->depth < max_depth) {
-		delta = diff_delta(last->data, last->len,
-			dat, datlen,
+	if (last && last->data.buf && last->depth < max_depth) {
+		delta = diff_delta(last->data.buf, last->data.len,
+			dat->buf, dat->len,
 			&deltalen, 0);
-		if (delta && deltalen >= datlen) {
+		if (delta && deltalen >= dat->len) {
 			free(delta);
 			delta = NULL;
 		}
@@ -918,13 +1070,13 @@ static int store_object(
 		delta = NULL;
 
 	memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
-	deflateInit(&s, zlib_compression_level);
+	deflateInit(&s, pack_compression_level);
 	if (delta) {
 		s.next_in = delta;
 		s.avail_in = deltalen;
 	} else {
-		s.next_in = dat;
-		s.avail_in = datlen;
+		s.next_in = (void *)dat->buf;
+		s.avail_in = dat->len;
 	}
 	s.avail_out = deflateBound(&s, s.avail_in);
 	s.next_out = out = xmalloc(s.avail_out);
@@ -946,9 +1098,9 @@ static int store_object(
 			delta = NULL;
 
 			memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
-			deflateInit(&s, zlib_compression_level);
-			s.next_in = dat;
-			s.avail_in = datlen;
+			deflateInit(&s, pack_compression_level);
+			s.next_in = (void *)dat->buf;
+			s.avail_in = dat->len;
 			s.avail_out = deflateBound(&s, s.avail_in);
 			s.next_out = out = xrealloc(out, s.avail_out);
 			while (deflate(&s, Z_FINISH) == Z_OK)
@@ -968,7 +1120,7 @@ static int store_object(
 		unsigned pos = sizeof(hdr) - 1;
 
 		delta_count_by_type[type]++;
-		last->depth++;
+		e->depth = last->depth + 1;
 
 		hdrlen = encode_header(OBJ_OFS_DELTA, deltalen, hdr);
 		write_or_die(pack_data->pack_fd, hdr, hdrlen);
@@ -980,9 +1132,8 @@ static int store_object(
 		write_or_die(pack_data->pack_fd, hdr + pos, sizeof(hdr) - pos);
 		pack_size += sizeof(hdr) - pos;
 	} else {
-		if (last)
-			last->depth = 0;
-		hdrlen = encode_header(type, datlen, hdr);
+		e->depth = 0;
+		hdrlen = encode_header(type, dat->len, hdr);
 		write_or_die(pack_data->pack_fd, hdr, hdrlen);
 		pack_size += hdrlen;
 	}
@@ -993,23 +1144,60 @@ static int store_object(
 	free(out);
 	free(delta);
 	if (last) {
-		if (!last->no_free)
-			free(last->data);
-		last->data = dat;
+		if (last->no_swap) {
+			last->data = *dat;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_swap(&last->data, dat);
+		}
 		last->offset = e->offset;
-		last->len = datlen;
+		last->depth = e->depth;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/* All calls must be guarded by find_object() or find_mark() to
+ * ensure the 'struct object_entry' passed was written by this
+ * process instance.  We unpack the entry by the offset, avoiding
+ * the need for the corresponding .idx file.  This unpacking rule
+ * works because we only use OBJ_REF_DELTA within the packfiles
+ * created by fast-import.
+ *
+ * oe must not be NULL.  Such an oe usually comes from giving
+ * an unknown SHA-1 to find_object() or an undefined mark to
+ * find_mark().  Callers must test for this condition and use
+ * the standard read_sha1_file() when it happens.
+ *
+ * oe->pack_id must not be MAX_PACK_ID.  Such an oe is usually from
+ * find_mark(), where the mark was reloaded from an existing marks
+ * file and is referencing an object that this fast-import process
+ * instance did not write out to a packfile.  Callers must test for
+ * this condition and use read_sha1_file() instead.
+ */
 static void *gfi_unpack_entry(
 	struct object_entry *oe,
 	unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct packed_git *p = all_packs[oe->pack_id];
-	if (p == pack_data)
+	if (p == pack_data && p->pack_size < (pack_size + 20)) {
+		/* The object is stored in the packfile we are writing to
+		 * and we have modified it since the last time we scanned
+		 * back to read a previously written object.  If an old
+		 * window covered [p->pack_size, p->pack_size + 20) its
+		 * data is stale and is not valid.  Closing all windows
+		 * and updating the packfile length ensures we can read
+		 * the newly written data.
+		 */
+		close_pack_windows(p);
+
+		/* We have to offer 20 bytes additional on the end of
+		 * the packfile as the core unpacker code assumes the
+		 * footer is present at the file end and must promise
+		 * at least 20 bytes within any window it maps.  But
+		 * we don't actually create the footer here.
+		 */
 		p->pack_size = pack_size + 20;
+	}
 	return unpack_entry(p, oe->offset, &type, sizep);
 }
 
@@ -1029,7 +1217,7 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, uint16_t *modep)
 
 static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 {
-	unsigned char* sha1 = root->versions[1].sha1;
+	unsigned char *sha1 = root->versions[1].sha1;
 	struct object_entry *myoe;
 	struct tree_content *t;
 	unsigned long size;
@@ -1041,11 +1229,13 @@ static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 		return;
 
 	myoe = find_object(sha1);
-	if (myoe) {
+	if (myoe && myoe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {
 		if (myoe->type != OBJ_TREE)
 			die("Not a tree: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		t->delta_depth = 0;
+		t->delta_depth = myoe->depth;
 		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(myoe, &size);
+		if (!buf)
+			die("Can't load tree %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	} else {
 		enum object_type type;
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
@@ -1068,8 +1258,8 @@ static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 		e->versions[0].mode = e->versions[1].mode;
 		e->name = to_atom(c, strlen(c));
 		c += e->name->str_len + 1;
-		hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, (unsigned char*)c);
-		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, (unsigned char*)c);
+		hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
+		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
 		c += 20;
 	}
 	free(buf);
@@ -1093,14 +1283,10 @@ static int tecmp1 (const void *_a, const void *_b)
 		b->name->str_dat, b->name->str_len, b->versions[1].mode);
 }
 
-static void mktree(struct tree_content *t,
-	int v,
-	unsigned long *szp,
-	struct dbuf *b)
+static void mktree(struct tree_content *t, int v, struct strbuf *b)
 {
 	size_t maxlen = 0;
 	unsigned int i;
-	char *c;
 
 	if (!v)
 		qsort(t->entries,t->entry_count,sizeof(t->entries[0]),tecmp0);
@@ -1112,28 +1298,23 @@ static void mktree(struct tree_content *t,
 			maxlen += t->entries[i]->name->str_len + 34;
 	}
 
-	size_dbuf(b, maxlen);
-	c = b->buffer;
+	strbuf_reset(b);
+	strbuf_grow(b, maxlen);
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		struct tree_entry *e = t->entries[i];
 		if (!e->versions[v].mode)
 			continue;
-		c += sprintf(c, "%o", (unsigned int)e->versions[v].mode);
-		*c++ = ' ';
-		strcpy(c, e->name->str_dat);
-		c += e->name->str_len + 1;
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)c, e->versions[v].sha1);
-		c += 20;
+		strbuf_addf(b, "%o %s%c", (unsigned int)e->versions[v].mode,
+					e->name->str_dat, '\0');
+		strbuf_add(b, e->versions[v].sha1, 20);
 	}
-	*szp = c - (char*)b->buffer;
 }
 
 static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 {
 	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
 	unsigned int i, j, del;
-	unsigned long new_len;
-	struct last_object lo;
+	struct last_object lo = { STRBUF_INIT, 0, 0, /* no_swap */ 1 };
 	struct object_entry *le;
 
 	if (!is_null_sha1(root->versions[1].sha1))
@@ -1145,22 +1326,15 @@ static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 	}
 
 	le = find_object(root->versions[0].sha1);
-	if (!S_ISDIR(root->versions[0].mode)
-		|| !le
-		|| le->pack_id != pack_id) {
-		lo.data = NULL;
-		lo.depth = 0;
-	} else {
-		mktree(t, 0, &lo.len, &old_tree);
-		lo.data = old_tree.buffer;
+	if (S_ISDIR(root->versions[0].mode) && le && le->pack_id == pack_id) {
+		mktree(t, 0, &old_tree);
+		lo.data = old_tree;
 		lo.offset = le->offset;
 		lo.depth = t->delta_depth;
-		lo.no_free = 1;
 	}
 
-	mktree(t, 1, &new_len, &new_tree);
-	store_object(OBJ_TREE, new_tree.buffer, new_len,
-		&lo, root->versions[1].sha1, 0);
+	mktree(t, 1, &new_tree);
+	store_object(OBJ_TREE, &new_tree, &lo, root->versions[1].sha1, 0);
 
 	t->delta_depth = lo.depth;
 	for (i = 0, j = 0, del = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
@@ -1181,7 +1355,8 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 	struct tree_entry *root,
 	const char *p,
 	const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const uint16_t mode)
+	const uint16_t mode,
+	struct tree_content *subtree)
 {
 	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
 	const char *slash1;
@@ -1193,20 +1368,24 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 		n = slash1 - p;
 	else
 		n = strlen(p);
+	if (!n)
+		die("Empty path component found in input");
+	if (!slash1 && !S_ISDIR(mode) && subtree)
+		die("Non-directories cannot have subtrees");
 
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
 		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (!slash1) {
-				if (e->versions[1].mode == mode
+				if (!S_ISDIR(mode)
+						&& e->versions[1].mode == mode
 						&& !hashcmp(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1))
 					return 0;
 				e->versions[1].mode = mode;
 				hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
-				if (e->tree) {
+				if (e->tree)
 					release_tree_content_recursive(e->tree);
-					e->tree = NULL;
-				}
+				e->tree = subtree;
 				hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
 				return 1;
 			}
@@ -1216,7 +1395,7 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 			}
 			if (!e->tree)
 				load_tree(e);
-			if (tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode)) {
+			if (tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode, subtree)) {
 				hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
 				return 1;
 			}
@@ -1234,9 +1413,9 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 	if (slash1) {
 		e->tree = new_tree_content(8);
 		e->versions[1].mode = S_IFDIR;
-		tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode);
+		tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode, subtree);
 	} else {
-		e->tree = NULL;
+		e->tree = subtree;
 		e->versions[1].mode = mode;
 		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
 	}
@@ -1244,7 +1423,10 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int tree_content_remove(struct tree_entry *root, const char *p)
+static int tree_content_remove(
+	struct tree_entry *root,
+	const char *p,
+	struct tree_entry *backup_leaf)
 {
 	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
 	const char *slash1;
@@ -1264,13 +1446,14 @@ static int tree_content_remove(struct tree_entry *root, const char *p)
 				goto del_entry;
 			if (!e->tree)
 				load_tree(e);
-			if (tree_content_remove(e, slash1 + 1)) {
+			if (tree_content_remove(e, slash1 + 1, backup_leaf)) {
 				for (n = 0; n < e->tree->entry_count; n++) {
 					if (e->tree->entries[n]->versions[1].mode) {
 						hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
 						return 1;
 					}
 				}
+				backup_leaf = NULL;
 				goto del_entry;
 			}
 			return 0;
@@ -1279,25 +1462,65 @@ static int tree_content_remove(struct tree_entry *root, const char *p)
 	return 0;
 
 del_entry:
-	if (e->tree) {
+	if (backup_leaf)
+		memcpy(backup_leaf, e, sizeof(*backup_leaf));
+	else if (e->tree)
 		release_tree_content_recursive(e->tree);
-		e->tree = NULL;
-	}
+	e->tree = NULL;
 	e->versions[1].mode = 0;
 	hashclr(e->versions[1].sha1);
 	hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int tree_content_get(
+	struct tree_entry *root,
+	const char *p,
+	struct tree_entry *leaf)
+{
+	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
+	const char *slash1;
+	unsigned int i, n;
+	struct tree_entry *e;
+
+	slash1 = strchr(p, '/');
+	if (slash1)
+		n = slash1 - p;
+	else
+		n = strlen(p);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
+		e = t->entries[i];
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+			if (!slash1) {
+				memcpy(leaf, e, sizeof(*leaf));
+				if (e->tree && is_null_sha1(e->versions[1].sha1))
+					leaf->tree = dup_tree_content(e->tree);
+				else
+					leaf->tree = NULL;
+				return 1;
+			}
+			if (!S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode))
+				return 0;
+			if (!e->tree)
+				load_tree(e);
+			return tree_content_get(e, slash1 + 1, leaf);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int update_branch(struct branch *b)
 {
 	static const char *msg = "fast-import";
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 
+	if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1))
+		return 0;
 	if (read_ref(b->name, old_sha1))
 		hashclr(old_sha1);
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(b->name, old_sha1);
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(b->name, old_sha1, 0);
 	if (!lock)
 		return error("Unable to lock %s", b->name);
 	if (!force_update && !is_null_sha1(old_sha1)) {
@@ -1387,25 +1610,87 @@ static void dump_marks(void)
 
 	f = fdopen(mark_fd, "w");
 	if (!f) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
 		rollback_lock_file(&mark_lock);
 		failure |= error("Unable to write marks file %s: %s",
-			mark_file, strerror(errno));
+			mark_file, strerror(saved_errno));
 		return;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Since the lock file was fdopen()'ed, it should not be close()'ed.
+	 * Assign -1 to the lock file descriptor so that commit_lock_file()
+	 * won't try to close() it.
+	 */
+	mark_lock.fd = -1;
+
 	dump_marks_helper(f, 0, marks);
-	fclose(f);
-	if (commit_lock_file(&mark_lock))
+	if (ferror(f) || fclose(f)) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		rollback_lock_file(&mark_lock);
 		failure |= error("Unable to write marks file %s: %s",
-			mark_file, strerror(errno));
+			mark_file, strerror(saved_errno));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (commit_lock_file(&mark_lock)) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		rollback_lock_file(&mark_lock);
+		failure |= error("Unable to commit marks file %s: %s",
+			mark_file, strerror(saved_errno));
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+static int read_next_command(void)
+{
+	static int stdin_eof = 0;
+
+	if (stdin_eof) {
+		unread_command_buf = 0;
+		return EOF;
+	}
+
+	do {
+		if (unread_command_buf) {
+			unread_command_buf = 0;
+		} else {
+			struct recent_command *rc;
+
+			strbuf_detach(&command_buf, NULL);
+			stdin_eof = strbuf_getline(&command_buf, stdin, '\n');
+			if (stdin_eof)
+				return EOF;
+
+			rc = rc_free;
+			if (rc)
+				rc_free = rc->next;
+			else {
+				rc = cmd_hist.next;
+				cmd_hist.next = rc->next;
+				cmd_hist.next->prev = &cmd_hist;
+				free(rc->buf);
+			}
+
+			rc->buf = command_buf.buf;
+			rc->prev = cmd_tail;
+			rc->next = cmd_hist.prev;
+			rc->prev->next = rc;
+			cmd_tail = rc;
+		}
+	} while (command_buf.buf[0] == '#');
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void read_next_command(void)
+static void skip_optional_lf(void)
 {
-	read_line(&command_buf, stdin, '\n');
+	int term_char = fgetc(stdin);
+	if (term_char != '\n' && term_char != EOF)
+		ungetc(term_char, stdin);
 }
 
-static void cmd_mark(void)
+static void parse_mark(void)
 {
 	if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "mark :")) {
 		next_mark = strtoumax(command_buf.buf + 6, NULL, 10);
@@ -1415,46 +1700,36 @@ static void cmd_mark(void)
 		next_mark = 0;
 }
 
-static void *cmd_data (size_t *size)
+static void parse_data(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
-	size_t length;
-	char *buffer;
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
 
 	if (prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "data "))
 		die("Expected 'data n' command, found: %s", command_buf.buf);
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf + 5, "<<")) {
 		char *term = xstrdup(command_buf.buf + 5 + 2);
-		size_t sz = 8192, term_len = command_buf.len - 5 - 2;
-		length = 0;
-		buffer = xmalloc(sz);
+		size_t term_len = command_buf.len - 5 - 2;
+
+		strbuf_detach(&command_buf, NULL);
 		for (;;) {
-			read_next_command();
-			if (command_buf.eof)
+			if (strbuf_getline(&command_buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
 				die("EOF in data (terminator '%s' not found)", term);
 			if (term_len == command_buf.len
 				&& !strcmp(term, command_buf.buf))
 				break;
-			if (sz < (length + command_buf.len)) {
-				sz = sz * 3 / 2 + 16;
-				if (sz < (length + command_buf.len))
-					sz = length + command_buf.len;
-				buffer = xrealloc(buffer, sz);
-			}
-			memcpy(buffer + length,
-				command_buf.buf,
-				command_buf.len - 1);
-			length += command_buf.len - 1;
-			buffer[length++] = '\n';
+			strbuf_addbuf(sb, &command_buf);
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 		}
 		free(term);
 	}
 	else {
-		size_t n = 0;
+		size_t n = 0, length;
+
 		length = strtoul(command_buf.buf + 5, NULL, 10);
-		buffer = xmalloc(length);
+
 		while (n < length) {
-			size_t s = fread(buffer + n, 1, length - n, stdin);
+			size_t s = strbuf_fread(sb, length - n, stdin);
 			if (!s && feof(stdin))
 				die("EOF in data (%lu bytes remaining)",
 					(unsigned long)(length - n));
@@ -1462,29 +1737,26 @@ static void *cmd_data (size_t *size)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (fgetc(stdin) != '\n')
-		die("An lf did not trail the binary data as expected.");
-
-	*size = length;
-	return buffer;
+	skip_optional_lf();
 }
 
 static int validate_raw_date(const char *src, char *result, int maxlen)
 {
 	const char *orig_src = src;
-	char *endp, sign;
+	char *endp;
+
+	errno = 0;
 
 	strtoul(src, &endp, 10);
-	if (endp == src || *endp != ' ')
+	if (errno || endp == src || *endp != ' ')
 		return -1;
 
 	src = endp + 1;
 	if (*src != '-' && *src != '+')
 		return -1;
-	sign = *src;
 
 	strtoul(src + 1, &endp, 10);
-	if (endp == src || *endp || (endp - orig_src) >= maxlen)
+	if (errno || endp == src || *endp || (endp - orig_src) >= maxlen)
 		return -1;
 
 	strcpy(result, orig_src);
@@ -1527,17 +1799,14 @@ static char *parse_ident(const char *buf)
 	return ident;
 }
 
-static void cmd_new_blob(void)
+static void parse_new_blob(void)
 {
-	size_t l;
-	void *d;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	read_next_command();
-	cmd_mark();
-	d = cmd_data(&l);
-
-	if (store_object(OBJ_BLOB, d, l, &last_blob, NULL, next_mark))
-		free(d);
+	parse_mark();
+	parse_data(&buf);
+	store_object(OBJ_BLOB, &buf, &last_blob, NULL, next_mark);
 }
 
 static void unload_one_branch(void)
@@ -1587,7 +1856,7 @@ static void load_branch(struct branch *b)
 static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 {
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
-	char *p_uq;
+	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *endp;
 	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -1597,11 +1866,13 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 	if (!p)
 		die("Corrupt mode: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	switch (mode) {
+	case 0644:
+	case 0755:
+		mode |= S_IFREG;
 	case S_IFREG | 0644:
 	case S_IFREG | 0755:
 	case S_IFLNK:
-	case 0644:
-	case 0755:
+	case S_IFGITLINK:
 		/* ok */
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -1625,26 +1896,40 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 	if (*p++ != ' ')
 		die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 
-	p_uq = unquote_c_style(p, &endp);
-	if (p_uq) {
+	strbuf_reset(&uq);
+	if (!unquote_c_style(&uq, p, &endp)) {
 		if (*endp)
 			die("Garbage after path in: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		p = p_uq;
+		p = uq.buf;
 	}
 
-	if (inline_data) {
-		size_t l;
-		void *d;
-		if (!p_uq)
-			p = p_uq = xstrdup(p);
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		if (inline_data)
+			die("Git links cannot be specified 'inline': %s",
+				command_buf.buf);
+		else if (oe) {
+			if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+				die("Not a commit (actually a %s): %s",
+					typename(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Accept the sha1 without checking; it expected to be in
+		 * another repository.
+		 */
+	} else if (inline_data) {
+		static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (p != uq.buf) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&uq, p);
+			p = uq.buf;
+		}
 		read_next_command();
-		d = cmd_data(&l);
-		if (store_object(OBJ_BLOB, d, l, &last_blob, sha1, 0))
-			free(d);
+		parse_data(&buf);
+		store_object(OBJ_BLOB, &buf, &last_blob, sha1, 0);
 	} else if (oe) {
 		if (oe->type != OBJ_BLOB)
 			die("Not a blob (actually a %s): %s",
-				command_buf.buf, typename(oe->type));
+				typename(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
 	} else {
 		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
@@ -1654,24 +1939,68 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 			    typename(type), command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
-	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, S_IFREG | mode);
-	free(p_uq);
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, mode, NULL);
 }
 
 static void file_change_d(struct branch *b)
 {
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
-	char *p_uq;
+	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *endp;
 
-	p_uq = unquote_c_style(p, &endp);
-	if (p_uq) {
+	strbuf_reset(&uq);
+	if (!unquote_c_style(&uq, p, &endp)) {
 		if (*endp)
 			die("Garbage after path in: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		p = p_uq;
+		p = uq.buf;
 	}
-	tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, p);
-	free(p_uq);
+	tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, p, NULL);
+}
+
+static void file_change_cr(struct branch *b, int rename)
+{
+	const char *s, *d;
+	static struct strbuf s_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct strbuf d_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *endp;
+	struct tree_entry leaf;
+
+	s = command_buf.buf + 2;
+	strbuf_reset(&s_uq);
+	if (!unquote_c_style(&s_uq, s, &endp)) {
+		if (*endp != ' ')
+			die("Missing space after source: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	} else {
+		endp = strchr(s, ' ');
+		if (!endp)
+			die("Missing space after source: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		strbuf_add(&s_uq, s, endp - s);
+	}
+	s = s_uq.buf;
+
+	endp++;
+	if (!*endp)
+		die("Missing dest: %s", command_buf.buf);
+
+	d = endp;
+	strbuf_reset(&d_uq);
+	if (!unquote_c_style(&d_uq, d, &endp)) {
+		if (*endp)
+			die("Garbage after dest in: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		d = d_uq.buf;
+	}
+
+	memset(&leaf, 0, sizeof(leaf));
+	if (rename)
+		tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, s, &leaf);
+	else
+		tree_content_get(&b->branch_tree, s, &leaf);
+	if (!leaf.versions[1].mode)
+		die("Path %s not in branch", s);
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, d,
+		leaf.versions[1].sha1,
+		leaf.versions[1].mode,
+		leaf.tree);
 }
 
 static void file_change_deleteall(struct branch *b)
@@ -1682,13 +2011,40 @@ static void file_change_deleteall(struct branch *b)
 	load_tree(&b->branch_tree);
 }
 
-static void cmd_from(struct branch *b)
+static void parse_from_commit(struct branch *b, char *buf, unsigned long size)
+{
+	if (!buf || size < 46)
+		die("Not a valid commit: %s", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+	if (memcmp("tree ", buf, 5)
+		|| get_sha1_hex(buf + 5, b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
+		die("The commit %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+	hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
+		b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+}
+
+static void parse_from_existing(struct branch *b)
+{
+	if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1)) {
+		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1);
+		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+	} else {
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *buf;
+
+		buf = read_object_with_reference(b->sha1,
+			commit_type, &size, b->sha1);
+		parse_from_commit(b, buf, size);
+		free(buf);
+	}
+}
+
+static int parse_from(struct branch *b)
 {
 	const char *from;
 	struct branch *s;
 
 	if (prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "from "))
-		return;
+		return 0;
 
 	if (b->branch_tree.tree) {
 		release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
@@ -1707,46 +2063,26 @@ static void cmd_from(struct branch *b)
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
 		uintmax_t idnum = strtoumax(from + 1, NULL, 10);
 		struct object_entry *oe = find_mark(idnum);
-		unsigned long size;
-		char *buf;
 		if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", idnum);
 		hashcpy(b->sha1, oe->sha1);
-		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
-		if (!buf || size < 46)
-			die("Not a valid commit: %s", from);
-		if (memcmp("tree ", buf, 5)
-			|| get_sha1_hex(buf + 5, b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
-			die("The commit %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
-		free(buf);
-		hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
-			b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
-	} else if (!get_sha1(from, b->sha1)) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1)) {
-			hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1);
-			hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
-		} else {
+		if (oe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {
 			unsigned long size;
-			char *buf;
-
-			buf = read_object_with_reference(b->sha1,
-				commit_type, &size, b->sha1);
-			if (!buf || size < 46)
-				die("Not a valid commit: %s", from);
-			if (memcmp("tree ", buf, 5)
-				|| get_sha1_hex(buf + 5, b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
-				die("The commit %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+			char *buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
+			parse_from_commit(b, buf, size);
 			free(buf);
-			hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
-				b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
-		}
-	} else
+		} else
+			parse_from_existing(b);
+	} else if (!get_sha1(from, b->sha1))
+		parse_from_existing(b);
+	else
 		die("Invalid ref name or SHA1 expression: %s", from);
 
 	read_next_command();
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct hash_list *cmd_merge(unsigned int *count)
+static struct hash_list *parse_merge(unsigned int *count)
 {
 	struct hash_list *list = NULL, *n, *e = e;
 	const char *from;
@@ -1787,11 +2123,10 @@ static struct hash_list *cmd_merge(unsigned int *count)
 	return list;
 }
 
-static void cmd_new_commit(void)
+static void parse_new_commit(void)
 {
+	static struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct branch *b;
-	void *msg;
-	size_t msglen;
 	char *sp;
 	char *author = NULL;
 	char *committer = NULL;
@@ -1805,7 +2140,7 @@ static void cmd_new_commit(void)
 		b = new_branch(sp);
 
 	read_next_command();
-	cmd_mark();
+	parse_mark();
 	if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "author ")) {
 		author = parse_ident(command_buf.buf + 7);
 		read_next_command();
@@ -1816,10 +2151,10 @@ static void cmd_new_commit(void)
 	}
 	if (!committer)
 		die("Expected committer but didn't get one");
-	msg = cmd_data(&msglen);
+	parse_data(&msg);
 	read_next_command();
-	cmd_from(b);
-	merge_list = cmd_merge(&merge_count);
+	parse_from(b);
+	merge_list = parse_merge(&merge_count);
 
 	/* ensure the branch is active/loaded */
 	if (!b->branch_tree.tree || !max_active_branches) {
@@ -1828,64 +2163,62 @@ static void cmd_new_commit(void)
 	}
 
 	/* file_change* */
-	for (;;) {
-		if (1 == command_buf.len)
-			break;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "M "))
+	while (command_buf.len > 0) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "M "))
 			file_change_m(b);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "D "))
 			file_change_d(b);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "R "))
+			file_change_cr(b, 1);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "C "))
+			file_change_cr(b, 0);
 		else if (!strcmp("deleteall", command_buf.buf))
 			file_change_deleteall(b);
-		else
-			die("Unsupported file_change: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		read_next_command();
+		else {
+			unread_command_buf = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (read_next_command() == EOF)
+			break;
 	}
 
 	/* build the tree and the commit */
 	store_tree(&b->branch_tree);
 	hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
 		b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
-	size_dbuf(&new_data, 114 + msglen
-		+ merge_count * 49
-		+ (author
-			? strlen(author) + strlen(committer)
-			: 2 * strlen(committer)));
-	sp = new_data.buffer;
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "tree %s\n",
+
+	strbuf_reset(&new_data);
+	strbuf_addf(&new_data, "tree %s\n",
 		sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1));
 	if (!is_null_sha1(b->sha1))
-		sp += sprintf(sp, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
 	while (merge_list) {
 		struct hash_list *next = merge_list->next;
-		sp += sprintf(sp, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(merge_list->sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(merge_list->sha1));
 		free(merge_list);
 		merge_list = next;
 	}
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "author %s\n", author ? author : committer);
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "committer %s\n", committer);
-	*sp++ = '\n';
-	memcpy(sp, msg, msglen);
-	sp += msglen;
+	strbuf_addf(&new_data,
+		"author %s\n"
+		"committer %s\n"
+		"\n",
+		author ? author : committer, committer);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&new_data, &msg);
 	free(author);
 	free(committer);
-	free(msg);
 
-	if (!store_object(OBJ_COMMIT,
-		new_data.buffer, sp - (char*)new_data.buffer,
-		NULL, b->sha1, next_mark))
+	if (!store_object(OBJ_COMMIT, &new_data, NULL, b->sha1, next_mark))
 		b->pack_id = pack_id;
 	b->last_commit = object_count_by_type[OBJ_COMMIT];
 }
 
-static void cmd_new_tag(void)
+static void parse_new_tag(void)
 {
+	static struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *sp;
 	const char *from;
 	char *tagger;
 	struct branch *s;
-	void *msg;
-	size_t msglen;
 	struct tag *t;
 	uintmax_t from_mark = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -1930,36 +2263,37 @@ static void cmd_new_tag(void)
 	read_next_command();
 
 	/* tagger ... */
-	if (prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tagger "))
-		die("Expected tagger command, got %s", command_buf.buf);
-	tagger = parse_ident(command_buf.buf + 7);
+	if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tagger ")) {
+		tagger = parse_ident(command_buf.buf + 7);
+		read_next_command();
+	} else
+		tagger = NULL;
 
 	/* tag payload/message */
-	read_next_command();
-	msg = cmd_data(&msglen);
+	parse_data(&msg);
 
 	/* build the tag object */
-	size_dbuf(&new_data, 67+strlen(t->name)+strlen(tagger)+msglen);
-	sp = new_data.buffer;
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "object %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "type %s\n", commit_type);
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "tag %s\n", t->name);
-	sp += sprintf(sp, "tagger %s\n", tagger);
-	*sp++ = '\n';
-	memcpy(sp, msg, msglen);
-	sp += msglen;
+	strbuf_reset(&new_data);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&new_data,
+		    "object %s\n"
+		    "type %s\n"
+		    "tag %s\n",
+		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), commit_type, t->name);
+	if (tagger)
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data,
+			    "tagger %s\n", tagger);
+	strbuf_addch(&new_data, '\n');
+	strbuf_addbuf(&new_data, &msg);
 	free(tagger);
-	free(msg);
 
-	if (store_object(OBJ_TAG, new_data.buffer,
-		sp - (char*)new_data.buffer,
-		NULL, t->sha1, 0))
+	if (store_object(OBJ_TAG, &new_data, NULL, t->sha1, 0))
 		t->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 	else
 		t->pack_id = pack_id;
 }
 
-static void cmd_reset_branch(void)
+static void parse_reset_branch(void)
 {
 	struct branch *b;
 	char *sp;
@@ -1979,10 +2313,12 @@ static void cmd_reset_branch(void)
 	else
 		b = new_branch(sp);
 	read_next_command();
-	cmd_from(b);
+	parse_from(b);
+	if (command_buf.len > 0)
+		unread_command_buf = 1;
 }
 
-static void cmd_checkpoint(void)
+static void parse_checkpoint(void)
 {
 	if (object_count) {
 		cycle_packfile();
@@ -1990,7 +2326,15 @@ static void cmd_checkpoint(void)
 		dump_tags();
 		dump_marks();
 	}
-	read_next_command();
+	skip_optional_lf();
+}
+
+static void parse_progress(void)
+{
+	fwrite(command_buf.buf, 1, command_buf.len, stdout);
+	fputc('\n', stdout);
+	fflush(stdout);
+	skip_optional_lf();
 }
 
 static void import_marks(const char *input_file)
@@ -1998,7 +2342,7 @@ static void import_marks(const char *input_file)
 	char line[512];
 	FILE *f = fopen(input_file, "r");
 	if (!f)
-		die("cannot read %s: %s", input_file, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", input_file);
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uintmax_t mark;
 		char *end;
@@ -2021,22 +2365,50 @@ static void import_marks(const char *input_file)
 			e = insert_object(sha1);
 			e->type = type;
 			e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
+			e->offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
 		}
 		insert_mark(mark, e);
 	}
 	fclose(f);
 }
 
+static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.depth")) {
+		max_depth = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (max_depth > MAX_DEPTH)
+			max_depth = MAX_DEPTH;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.compression")) {
+		int level = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (level == -1)
+			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+			die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
+		pack_compression_level = level;
+		pack_compression_seen = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
+}
+
 static const char fast_import_usage[] =
-"git-fast-import [--date-format=f] [--max-pack-size=n] [--depth=n] [--active-branches=n] [--export-marks=marks.file]";
+"git fast-import [--date-format=f] [--max-pack-size=n] [--depth=n] [--active-branches=n] [--export-marks=marks.file]";
 
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int i, show_stats = 1;
+	unsigned int i, show_stats = 1;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
+	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
+		pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
 	alloc_objects(object_entry_alloc);
-	strbuf_init(&command_buf);
+	strbuf_init(&command_buf, 0);
 	atom_table = xcalloc(atom_table_sz, sizeof(struct atom_str*));
 	branch_table = xcalloc(branch_table_sz, sizeof(struct branch*));
 	avail_tree_table = xcalloc(avail_tree_table_sz, sizeof(struct avail_tree_content*));
@@ -2060,8 +2432,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(a, "--max-pack-size="))
 			max_packsize = strtoumax(a + 16, NULL, 0) * 1024 * 1024;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(a, "--depth="))
+		else if (!prefixcmp(a, "--depth=")) {
 			max_depth = strtoul(a + 8, NULL, 0);
+			if (max_depth > MAX_DEPTH)
+				die("--depth cannot exceed %u", MAX_DEPTH);
+		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(a, "--active-branches="))
 			max_active_branches = strtoul(a + 18, NULL, 0);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(a, "--import-marks="))
@@ -2073,7 +2448,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 				fclose(pack_edges);
 			pack_edges = fopen(a + 20, "a");
 			if (!pack_edges)
-				die("Cannot open %s: %s", a + 20, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("Cannot open '%s'", a + 20);
 		} else if (!strcmp(a, "--force"))
 			force_update = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--quiet"))
@@ -2086,21 +2461,27 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	if (i != argc)
 		usage(fast_import_usage);
 
+	rc_free = pool_alloc(cmd_save * sizeof(*rc_free));
+	for (i = 0; i < (cmd_save - 1); i++)
+		rc_free[i].next = &rc_free[i + 1];
+	rc_free[cmd_save - 1].next = NULL;
+
+	prepare_packed_git();
 	start_packfile();
-	for (;;) {
-		read_next_command();
-		if (command_buf.eof)
-			break;
-		else if (!strcmp("blob", command_buf.buf))
-			cmd_new_blob();
+	set_die_routine(die_nicely);
+	while (read_next_command() != EOF) {
+		if (!strcmp("blob", command_buf.buf))
+			parse_new_blob();
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "commit "))
-			cmd_new_commit();
+			parse_new_commit();
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tag "))
-			cmd_new_tag();
+			parse_new_tag();
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "reset "))
-			cmd_reset_branch();
+			parse_reset_branch();
 		else if (!strcmp("checkpoint", command_buf.buf))
-			cmd_checkpoint();
+			parse_checkpoint();
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "progress "))
+			parse_progress();
 		else
 			die("Unsupported command: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bd9c32561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef FETCH_PACK_H
+#define FETCH_PACK_H
+
+struct fetch_pack_args
+{
+	const char *uploadpack;
+	int unpacklimit;
+	int depth;
+	unsigned quiet:1,
+		keep_pack:1,
+		lock_pack:1,
+		use_thin_pack:1,
+		fetch_all:1,
+		verbose:1,
+		no_progress:1,
+		include_tag:1;
+};
+
+struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+		int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+		const struct ref *ref,
+		const char *dest,
+		int nr_heads,
+		char **heads,
+		char **pack_lockfile);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/fetch.h b/fetch.h
deleted file mode 100644
index be48c6f190..0000000000
--- a/fetch.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef PULL_H
-#define PULL_H
-
-/*
- * Fetch object given SHA1 from the remote, and store it locally under
- * GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY.  Return 0 on success, -1 on failure.  To be
- * provided by the particular implementation.
- */
-extern int fetch(unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/*
- * Fetch the specified object and store it locally; fetch() will be
- * called later to determine success. To be provided by the particular
- * implementation.
- */
-extern void prefetch(unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/*
- * Fetch ref (relative to $GIT_DIR/refs) from the remote, and store
- * the 20-byte SHA1 in sha1.  Return 0 on success, -1 on failure.  To
- * be provided by the particular implementation.
- */
-extern int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/* Set to fetch the target tree. */
-extern int get_tree;
-
-/* Set to fetch the commit history. */
-extern int get_history;
-
-/* Set to fetch the trees in the commit history. */
-extern int get_all;
-
-/* Set to be verbose */
-extern int get_verbosely;
-
-/* Set to check on all reachable objects. */
-extern int get_recover;
-
-/* Report what we got under get_verbosely */
-extern void pull_say(const char *, const char *);
-
-/* Load pull targets from stdin */
-extern int pull_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref);
-
-/* Free up loaded targets */
-extern void pull_targets_free(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref);
-
-/* If write_ref is set, the ref filename to write the target value to. */
-/* If write_ref_log_details is set, additional text will appear in the ref log. */
-extern int pull(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref,
-		const char *write_ref_log_details);
-
-#endif /* PULL_H */
diff --git a/fixup-builtins b/fixup-builtins
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..63dfa4c475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fixup-builtins
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+while [ "$1" ]
+do
+	if [ "$1" != "git-sh-setup" -a "$1" != "git-parse-remote" -a "$1" != "git-svn" ]; then
+		old="$1"
+		new=$(echo "$1" | sed 's/git-/git /')
+		echo "Converting '$old' to '$new'"
+		sed -i "s/\\<$old\\>/$new/g" $(git ls-files '*.sh')
+	fi
+	shift
+done
+
+sed -i 's/git merge-one-file/git-merge-one-file/g
+s/git rebase-todo/git-rebase-todo/g' $(git ls-files '*.sh')
+git update-index --refresh >& /dev/null
+exit 0
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89278c1459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "fsck.h"
+
+static int fsck_walk_tree(struct tree *tree, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+{
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	if (parse_tree(tree))
+		return -1;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+		int result;
+
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
+			continue;
+		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+			result = walk(&lookup_tree(entry.sha1)->object, OBJ_TREE, data);
+		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode) || S_ISLNK(entry.mode))
+			result = walk(&lookup_blob(entry.sha1)->object, OBJ_BLOB, data);
+		else {
+			result = error("in tree %s: entry %s has bad mode %.6o\n",
+					sha1_to_hex(tree->object.sha1), entry.path, entry.mode);
+		}
+		if (result < 0)
+			return result;
+		if (!res)
+			res = result;
+	}
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int fsck_walk_commit(struct commit *commit, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+	int res;
+	int result;
+
+	if (parse_commit(commit))
+		return -1;
+
+	result = walk((struct object *)commit->tree, OBJ_TREE, data);
+	if (result < 0)
+		return result;
+	res = result;
+
+	parents = commit->parents;
+	while (parents) {
+		result = walk((struct object *)parents->item, OBJ_COMMIT, data);
+		if (result < 0)
+			return result;
+		if (!res)
+			res = result;
+		parents = parents->next;
+	}
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int fsck_walk_tag(struct tag *tag, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+{
+	if (parse_tag(tag))
+		return -1;
+	return walk(tag->tagged, OBJ_ANY, data);
+}
+
+int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+{
+	if (!obj)
+		return -1;
+	switch (obj->type) {
+	case OBJ_BLOB:
+		return 0;
+	case OBJ_TREE:
+		return fsck_walk_tree((struct tree *)obj, walk, data);
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+		return fsck_walk_commit((struct commit *)obj, walk, data);
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		return fsck_walk_tag((struct tag *)obj, walk, data);
+	default:
+		error("Unknown object type for %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The entries in a tree are ordered in the _path_ order,
+ * which means that a directory entry is ordered by adding
+ * a slash to the end of it.
+ *
+ * So a directory called "a" is ordered _after_ a file
+ * called "a.c", because "a/" sorts after "a.c".
+ */
+#define TREE_UNORDERED (-1)
+#define TREE_HAS_DUPS  (-2)
+
+static int verify_ordered(unsigned mode1, const char *name1, unsigned mode2, const char *name2)
+{
+	int len1 = strlen(name1);
+	int len2 = strlen(name2);
+	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
+	unsigned char c1, c2;
+	int cmp;
+
+	cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
+	if (cmp < 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (cmp > 0)
+		return TREE_UNORDERED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ok, the first <len> characters are the same.
+	 * Now we need to order the next one, but turn
+	 * a '\0' into a '/' for a directory entry.
+	 */
+	c1 = name1[len];
+	c2 = name2[len];
+	if (!c1 && !c2)
+		/*
+		 * git-write-tree used to write out a nonsense tree that has
+		 * entries with the same name, one blob and one tree.  Make
+		 * sure we do not have duplicate entries.
+		 */
+		return TREE_HAS_DUPS;
+	if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
+		c1 = '/';
+	if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
+		c2 = '/';
+	return c1 < c2 ? 0 : TREE_UNORDERED;
+}
+
+static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
+{
+	int retval;
+	int has_full_path = 0;
+	int has_empty_name = 0;
+	int has_zero_pad = 0;
+	int has_bad_modes = 0;
+	int has_dup_entries = 0;
+	int not_properly_sorted = 0;
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	unsigned o_mode;
+	const char *o_name;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
+
+	o_mode = 0;
+	o_name = NULL;
+
+	while (desc.size) {
+		unsigned mode;
+		const char *name;
+
+		tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
+
+		if (strchr(name, '/'))
+			has_full_path = 1;
+		if (!*name)
+			has_empty_name = 1;
+		has_zero_pad |= *(char *)desc.buffer == '0';
+		update_tree_entry(&desc);
+
+		switch (mode) {
+		/*
+		 * Standard modes..
+		 */
+		case S_IFREG | 0755:
+		case S_IFREG | 0644:
+		case S_IFLNK:
+		case S_IFDIR:
+		case S_IFGITLINK:
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * This is nonstandard, but we had a few of these
+		 * early on when we honored the full set of mode
+		 * bits..
+		 */
+		case S_IFREG | 0664:
+			if (!strict)
+				break;
+		default:
+			has_bad_modes = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (o_name) {
+			switch (verify_ordered(o_mode, o_name, mode, name)) {
+			case TREE_UNORDERED:
+				not_properly_sorted = 1;
+				break;
+			case TREE_HAS_DUPS:
+				has_dup_entries = 1;
+				break;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		o_mode = mode;
+		o_name = name;
+	}
+
+	retval = 0;
+	if (has_full_path)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains full pathnames");
+	if (has_empty_name)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains empty pathname");
+	if (has_zero_pad)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains zero-padded file modes");
+	if (has_bad_modes)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains bad file modes");
+	if (has_dup_entries)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_ERROR, "contains duplicate file entries");
+	if (not_properly_sorted)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_ERROR, "not properly sorted");
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static int fsck_commit(struct commit *commit, fsck_error error_func)
+{
+	char *buffer = commit->buffer;
+	unsigned char tree_sha1[20], sha1[20];
+	struct commit_graft *graft;
+	int parents = 0;
+
+	if (commit->date == ULONG_MAX)
+		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line");
+
+	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
+		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'tree' line");
+	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer+5, tree_sha1) || buffer[45] != '\n')
+		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'tree' line format - bad sha1");
+	buffer += 46;
+	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
+		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer+7, sha1) || buffer[47] != '\n')
+			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'parent' line format - bad sha1");
+		buffer += 48;
+		parents++;
+	}
+	graft = lookup_commit_graft(commit->object.sha1);
+	if (graft) {
+		struct commit_list *p = commit->parents;
+		parents = 0;
+		while (p) {
+			p = p->next;
+			parents++;
+		}
+		if (graft->nr_parent == -1 && !parents)
+			; /* shallow commit */
+		else if (graft->nr_parent != parents)
+			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "graft objects missing");
+	} else {
+		struct commit_list *p = commit->parents;
+		while (p && parents) {
+			p = p->next;
+			parents--;
+		}
+		if (p || parents)
+			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "parent objects missing");
+	}
+	if (memcmp(buffer, "author ", 7))
+		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'author' line");
+	if (!commit->tree)
+		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "could not load commit's tree %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fsck_tag(struct tag *tag, fsck_error error_func)
+{
+	struct object *tagged = tag->tagged;
+
+	if (!tagged)
+		return error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "could not load tagged object");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fsck_object(struct object *obj, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
+{
+	if (!obj)
+		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "no valid object to fsck");
+
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
+		return 0;
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
+		return fsck_tree((struct tree *) obj, strict, error_func);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return fsck_commit((struct commit *) obj, error_func);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+		return fsck_tag((struct tag *) obj, error_func);
+
+	return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "unknown type '%d' (internal fsck error)",
+			  obj->type);
+}
+
+int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	int len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "object %s:", obj->sha1?sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1):"(null)");
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(sb.buf + sb.len, strbuf_avail(&sb), fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+		len = 0;
+	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&sb)) {
+		strbuf_grow(&sb, len + 2);
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		len = vsnprintf(sb.buf + sb.len, strbuf_avail(&sb), fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&sb))
+			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
+	}
+
+	error("%s", sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/fsck.h b/fsck.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..008456b675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fsck.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef GIT_FSCK_H
+#define GIT_FSCK_H
+
+#define FSCK_ERROR 1
+#define FSCK_WARN 2
+
+/*
+ * callback function for fsck_walk
+ * type is the expected type of the object or OBJ_ANY
+ * the return value is:
+ *     0	everything OK
+ *     <0	error signaled and abort
+ *     >0	error signaled and do not abort
+ */
+typedef int (*fsck_walk_func)(struct object *obj, int type, void *data);
+
+/* callback for fsck_object, type is FSCK_ERROR or FSCK_WARN */
+typedef int (*fsck_error)(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...);
+
+int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+/* descend in all linked child objects
+ * the return value is:
+ *    -1	error in processing the object
+ *    <0	return value of the callback, which lead to an abort
+ *    >0	return value of the first signaled error >0 (in the case of no other errors)
+ *    0		everything OK
+ */
+int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data);
+int fsck_object(struct object *obj, int strict, fsck_error error_func);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/generate-cmdlist.sh b/generate-cmdlist.sh
index 975777f05e..75c68d948f 100755
--- a/generate-cmdlist.sh
+++ b/generate-cmdlist.sh
@@ -7,41 +7,14 @@ struct cmdname_help
     char help[80];
 };
 
-struct cmdname_help common_cmds[] = {"
+static struct cmdname_help common_cmds[] = {"
 
-sort <<\EOF |
-add
-apply
-archive
-bisect
-branch
-checkout
-cherry-pick
-clone
-commit
-diff
-fetch
-grep
-init
-log
-merge
-mv
-prune
-pull
-push
-rebase
-reset
-revert
-rm
-show
-show-branch
-status
-tag
-EOF
+sed -n -e 's/^git-\([^ 	]*\)[ 	].* common.*/\1/p' command-list.txt |
+sort |
 while read cmd
 do
      sed -n '
-     /NAME/,/git-'"$cmd"'/H
+     /^NAME/,/git-'"$cmd"'/H
      ${
             x
             s/.*git-'"$cmd"' - \(.*\)/  {"'"$cmd"'", "\1"},/
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index dc3038091d..360610314e 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -1,11 +1,105 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
 use strict;
+use Git;
+
+binmode(STDOUT, ":raw");
+
+my $repo = Git->repository();
+
+my $menu_use_color = $repo->get_colorbool('color.interactive');
+my ($prompt_color, $header_color, $help_color) =
+	$menu_use_color ? (
+		$repo->get_color('color.interactive.prompt', 'bold blue'),
+		$repo->get_color('color.interactive.header', 'bold'),
+		$repo->get_color('color.interactive.help', 'red bold'),
+	) : ();
+my $error_color = ();
+if ($menu_use_color) {
+	my $help_color_spec = ($repo->config('color.interactive.help') or
+				'red bold');
+	$error_color = $repo->get_color('color.interactive.error',
+					$help_color_spec);
+}
+
+my $diff_use_color = $repo->get_colorbool('color.diff');
+my ($fraginfo_color) =
+	$diff_use_color ? (
+		$repo->get_color('color.diff.frag', 'cyan'),
+	) : ();
+my ($diff_plain_color) =
+	$diff_use_color ? (
+		$repo->get_color('color.diff.plain', ''),
+	) : ();
+my ($diff_old_color) =
+	$diff_use_color ? (
+		$repo->get_color('color.diff.old', 'red'),
+	) : ();
+my ($diff_new_color) =
+	$diff_use_color ? (
+		$repo->get_color('color.diff.new', 'green'),
+	) : ();
+
+my $normal_color = $repo->get_color("", "reset");
+
+my $use_readkey = 0;
+sub ReadMode;
+sub ReadKey;
+if ($repo->config_bool("interactive.singlekey")) {
+	eval {
+		require Term::ReadKey;
+		Term::ReadKey->import;
+		$use_readkey = 1;
+	};
+}
+
+sub colored {
+	my $color = shift;
+	my $string = join("", @_);
+
+	if (defined $color) {
+		# Put a color code at the beginning of each line, a reset at the end
+		# color after newlines that are not at the end of the string
+		$string =~ s/(\n+)(.)/$1$color$2/g;
+		# reset before newlines
+		$string =~ s/(\n+)/$normal_color$1/g;
+		# codes at beginning and end (if necessary):
+		$string =~ s/^/$color/;
+		$string =~ s/$/$normal_color/ unless $string =~ /\n$/;
+	}
+	return $string;
+}
+
+# command line options
+my $patch_mode;
+
+sub apply_patch;
+
+my %patch_modes = (
+	'stage' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
+		VERB => 'Stage',
+		TARGET => '',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'staging',
+		FILTER => 'file-only',
+	},
+);
+
+my %patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{stage}};
 
 sub run_cmd_pipe {
-	my $fh = undef;
-	open($fh, '-|', @_) or die;
-	return <$fh>;
+	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'msys') {
+		my @invalid = grep {m/[":*]/} @_;
+		die "$^O does not support: @invalid\n" if @invalid;
+		my @args = map { m/ /o ? "\"$_\"": $_ } @_;
+		return qx{@args};
+	} else {
+		my $fh = undef;
+		open($fh, '-|', @_) or die;
+		return <$fh>;
+	}
 }
 
 my ($GIT_DIR) = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git rev-parse --git-dir));
@@ -15,9 +109,50 @@ if (!defined $GIT_DIR) {
 }
 chomp($GIT_DIR);
 
+my %cquote_map = (
+ "b" => chr(8),
+ "t" => chr(9),
+ "n" => chr(10),
+ "v" => chr(11),
+ "f" => chr(12),
+ "r" => chr(13),
+ "\\" => "\\",
+ "\042" => "\042",
+);
+
+sub unquote_path {
+	local ($_) = @_;
+	my ($retval, $remainder);
+	if (!/^\042(.*)\042$/) {
+		return $_;
+	}
+	($_, $retval) = ($1, "");
+	while (/^([^\\]*)\\(.*)$/) {
+		$remainder = $2;
+		$retval .= $1;
+		for ($remainder) {
+			if (/^([0-3][0-7][0-7])(.*)$/) {
+				$retval .= chr(oct($1));
+				$_ = $2;
+				last;
+			}
+			if (/^([\\\042btnvfr])(.*)$/) {
+				$retval .= $cquote_map{$1};
+				$_ = $2;
+				last;
+			}
+			# This is malformed -- just return it as-is for now.
+			return $_[0];
+		}
+		$_ = $remainder;
+	}
+	$retval .= $_;
+	return $retval;
+}
+
 sub refresh {
 	my $fh;
-	open $fh, '-|', qw(git update-index --refresh)
+	open $fh, 'git update-index --refresh |'
 	    or die;
 	while (<$fh>) {
 		;# ignore 'needs update'
@@ -28,19 +163,28 @@ sub refresh {
 sub list_untracked {
 	map {
 		chomp $_;
-		$_;
+		unquote_path($_);
 	}
-	run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --others
-			--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore),
-		     "--exclude-from=$GIT_DIR/info/exclude",
-		     '--', @_);
+	run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
 }
 
 my $status_fmt = '%12s %12s %s';
 my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, 'staged', 'unstaged', 'path');
 
+{
+	my $initial;
+	sub is_initial_commit {
+		$initial = system('git rev-parse HEAD -- >/dev/null 2>&1') != 0
+			unless defined $initial;
+		return $initial;
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_empty_tree {
+	return '4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904';
+}
+
 # Returns list of hashes, contents of each of which are:
-# PRINT:	print message
 # VALUE:	pathname
 # BINARY:	is a binary path
 # INDEX:	is index different from HEAD?
@@ -52,12 +196,24 @@ sub list_modified {
 	my ($only) = @_;
 	my (%data, @return);
 	my ($add, $del, $adddel, $file);
+	my @tracked = ();
+
+	if (@ARGV) {
+		@tracked = map {
+			chomp $_;
+			unquote_path($_);
+		} run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
+		return if (!@tracked);
+	}
 
+	my $reference = is_initial_commit() ? get_empty_tree() : 'HEAD';
 	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-index --cached
-			     --numstat --summary HEAD))) {
+			     --numstat --summary), $reference,
+			     '--', @tracked)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
 			my ($change, $bin);
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
 				$change = 'binary';
 				$bin = 1;
@@ -73,13 +229,15 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		elsif (($adddel, $file) =
 		       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			$data{$file}{INDEX_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary))) {
+	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --), @tracked)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			if (!exists $data{$file}) {
 				$data{$file} = +{
 					INDEX => 'unchanged',
@@ -101,6 +259,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		elsif (($adddel, $file) =
 		       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			$data{$file}{FILE_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
 		}
 	}
@@ -118,8 +277,6 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		push @return, +{
 			VALUE => $_,
-			PRINT => (sprintf $status_fmt,
-				  $it->{INDEX}, $it->{FILE}, $_),
 			%$it,
 		};
 	}
@@ -155,10 +312,111 @@ sub find_unique {
 	return $found;
 }
 
+# inserts string into trie and updates count for each character
+sub update_trie {
+	my ($trie, $string) = @_;
+	foreach (split //, $string) {
+		$trie = $trie->{$_} ||= {COUNT => 0};
+		$trie->{COUNT}++;
+	}
+}
+
+# returns an array of tuples (prefix, remainder)
+sub find_unique_prefixes {
+	my @stuff = @_;
+	my @return = ();
+
+	# any single prefix exceeding the soft limit is omitted
+	# if any prefix exceeds the hard limit all are omitted
+	# 0 indicates no limit
+	my $soft_limit = 0;
+	my $hard_limit = 3;
+
+	# build a trie modelling all possible options
+	my %trie;
+	foreach my $print (@stuff) {
+		if ((ref $print) eq 'ARRAY') {
+			$print = $print->[0];
+		}
+		elsif ((ref $print) eq 'HASH') {
+			$print = $print->{VALUE};
+		}
+		update_trie(\%trie, $print);
+		push @return, $print;
+	}
+
+	# use the trie to find the unique prefixes
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @return; $i++) {
+		my $ret = $return[$i];
+		my @letters = split //, $ret;
+		my %search = %trie;
+		my ($prefix, $remainder);
+		my $j;
+		for ($j = 0; $j < @letters; $j++) {
+			my $letter = $letters[$j];
+			if ($search{$letter}{COUNT} == 1) {
+				$prefix = substr $ret, 0, $j + 1;
+				$remainder = substr $ret, $j + 1;
+				last;
+			}
+			else {
+				my $prefix = substr $ret, 0, $j;
+				return ()
+				    if ($hard_limit && $j + 1 > $hard_limit);
+			}
+			%search = %{$search{$letter}};
+		}
+		if (ord($letters[0]) > 127 ||
+		    ($soft_limit && $j + 1 > $soft_limit)) {
+			$prefix = undef;
+			$remainder = $ret;
+		}
+		$return[$i] = [$prefix, $remainder];
+	}
+	return @return;
+}
+
+# filters out prefixes which have special meaning to list_and_choose()
+sub is_valid_prefix {
+	my $prefix = shift;
+	return (defined $prefix) &&
+	    !($prefix =~ /[\s,]/) && # separators
+	    !($prefix =~ /^-/) &&    # deselection
+	    !($prefix =~ /^\d+/) &&  # selection
+	    ($prefix ne '*') &&      # "all" wildcard
+	    ($prefix ne '?');        # prompt help
+}
+
+# given a prefix/remainder tuple return a string with the prefix highlighted
+# for now use square brackets; later might use ANSI colors (underline, bold)
+sub highlight_prefix {
+	my $prefix = shift;
+	my $remainder = shift;
+
+	if (!defined $prefix) {
+		return $remainder;
+	}
+
+	if (!is_valid_prefix($prefix)) {
+		return "$prefix$remainder";
+	}
+
+	if (!$menu_use_color) {
+		return "[$prefix]$remainder";
+	}
+
+	return "$prompt_color$prefix$normal_color$remainder";
+}
+
+sub error_msg {
+	print STDERR colored $error_color, @_;
+}
+
 sub list_and_choose {
 	my ($opts, @stuff) = @_;
 	my (@chosen, @return);
 	my $i;
+	my @prefixes = find_unique_prefixes(@stuff) unless $opts->{LIST_ONLY};
 
       TOPLOOP:
 	while (1) {
@@ -168,18 +426,26 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			if (!$opts->{LIST_FLAT}) {
 				print "     ";
 			}
-			print "$opts->{HEADER}\n";
+			print colored $header_color, "$opts->{HEADER}\n";
 		}
 		for ($i = 0; $i < @stuff; $i++) {
 			my $chosen = $chosen[$i] ? '*' : ' ';
 			my $print = $stuff[$i];
-			if (ref $print) {
-				if ((ref $print) eq 'ARRAY') {
-					$print = $print->[0];
-				}
-				else {
-					$print = $print->{PRINT};
-				}
+			my $ref = ref $print;
+			my $highlighted = highlight_prefix(@{$prefixes[$i]})
+			    if @prefixes;
+			if ($ref eq 'ARRAY') {
+				$print = $highlighted || $print->[0];
+			}
+			elsif ($ref eq 'HASH') {
+				my $value = $highlighted || $print->{VALUE};
+				$print = sprintf($status_fmt,
+				    $print->{INDEX},
+				    $print->{FILE},
+				    $value);
+			}
+			else {
+				$print = $highlighted || $print;
 			}
 			printf("%s%2d: %s", $chosen, $i+1, $print);
 			if (($opts->{LIST_FLAT}) &&
@@ -198,7 +464,7 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 
 		return if ($opts->{LIST_ONLY});
 
-		print $opts->{PROMPT};
+		print colored $prompt_color, $opts->{PROMPT};
 		if ($opts->{SINGLETON}) {
 			print "> ";
 		}
@@ -206,9 +472,19 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			print ">> ";
 		}
 		my $line = <STDIN>;
-		last if (!$line);
+		if (!$line) {
+			print "\n";
+			$opts->{ON_EOF}->() if $opts->{ON_EOF};
+			last;
+		}
 		chomp $line;
-		my $donesomething = 0;
+		last if $line eq '';
+		if ($line eq '?') {
+			$opts->{SINGLETON} ?
+			    singleton_prompt_help_cmd() :
+			    prompt_help_cmd();
+			next TOPLOOP;
+		}
 		for my $choice (split(/[\s,]+/, $line)) {
 			my $choose = 1;
 			my ($bottom, $top);
@@ -217,9 +493,9 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			if ($choice =~ s/^-//) {
 				$choose = 0;
 			}
-			# A range can be specified like 5-7
-			if ($choice =~ /^(\d+)-(\d+)$/) {
-				($bottom, $top) = ($1, $2);
+			# A range can be specified like 5-7 or 5-.
+			if ($choice =~ /^(\d+)-(\d*)$/) {
+				($bottom, $top) = ($1, length($2) ? $2 : 1 + @stuff);
 			}
 			elsif ($choice =~ /^\d+$/) {
 				$bottom = $top = $choice;
@@ -231,21 +507,20 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			else {
 				$bottom = $top = find_unique($choice, @stuff);
 				if (!defined $bottom) {
-					print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+					error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
 					next TOPLOOP;
 				}
 			}
 			if ($opts->{SINGLETON} && $bottom != $top) {
-				print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+				error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
 				next TOPLOOP;
 			}
 			for ($i = $bottom-1; $i <= $top-1; $i++) {
-				next if (@stuff <= $i);
+				next if (@stuff <= $i || $i < 0);
 				$chosen[$i] = $choose;
-				$donesomething++;
 			}
 		}
-		last if (!$donesomething || $opts->{IMMEDIATE});
+		last if ($opts->{IMMEDIATE} || $line eq '*');
 	}
 	for ($i = 0; $i < @stuff; $i++) {
 		if ($chosen[$i]) {
@@ -255,6 +530,28 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 	return @return;
 }
 
+sub singleton_prompt_help_cmd {
+	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
+Prompt help:
+1          - select a numbered item
+foo        - select item based on unique prefix
+           - (empty) select nothing
+EOF
+}
+
+sub prompt_help_cmd {
+	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
+Prompt help:
+1          - select a single item
+3-5        - select a range of items
+2-3,6-9    - select multiple ranges
+foo        - select item based on unique prefix
+-...       - unselect specified items
+*          - choose all items
+           - (empty) finish selecting
+EOF
+}
+
 sub status_cmd {
 	list_and_choose({ LIST_ONLY => 1, HEADER => $status_head },
 			list_modified());
@@ -293,21 +590,27 @@ sub revert_cmd {
 				       HEADER => $status_head, },
 				     list_modified());
 	if (@update) {
-		my @lines = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-tree HEAD --),
-					 map { $_->{VALUE} } @update);
-		my $fh;
-		open $fh, '|-', qw(git update-index --index-info)
-		    or die;
-		for (@lines) {
-			print $fh $_;
+		if (is_initial_commit()) {
+			system(qw(git rm --cached),
+				map { $_->{VALUE} } @update);
 		}
-		close($fh);
-		for (@update) {
-			if ($_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} &&
-			    $_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} eq 'create') {
-				system(qw(git update-index --force-remove --),
-				       $_->{VALUE});
-				print "note: $_->{VALUE} is untracked now.\n";
+		else {
+			my @lines = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-tree HEAD --),
+						 map { $_->{VALUE} } @update);
+			my $fh;
+			open $fh, '| git update-index --index-info'
+			    or die;
+			for (@lines) {
+				print $fh $_;
+			}
+			close($fh);
+			for (@update) {
+				if ($_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} &&
+				    $_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} eq 'create') {
+					system(qw(git update-index --force-remove --),
+					       $_->{VALUE});
+					print "note: $_->{VALUE} is untracked now.\n";
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		refresh();
@@ -326,20 +629,51 @@ sub add_untracked_cmd {
 	print "\n";
 }
 
+sub run_git_apply {
+	my $cmd = shift;
+	my $fh;
+	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd;
+	print $fh @_;
+	return close $fh;
+}
+
 sub parse_diff {
 	my ($path) = @_;
-	my @diff = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files -p --), $path);
-	my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [] };
+	my @diff_cmd = split(" ", $patch_mode_flavour{DIFF});
+	my @diff = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, "--", $path);
+	my @colored = ();
+	if ($diff_use_color) {
+		@colored = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, qw(--color --), $path);
+	}
+	my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'header' };
 
-	for (@diff) {
-		if (/^@@ /) {
-			push @hunk, { TEXT => [] };
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @diff; $i++) {
+		if ($diff[$i] =~ /^@@ /) {
+			push @hunk, { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [],
+				TYPE => 'hunk' };
 		}
-		push @{$hunk[-1]{TEXT}}, $_;
+		push @{$hunk[-1]{TEXT}}, $diff[$i];
+		push @{$hunk[-1]{DISPLAY}},
+			($diff_use_color ? $colored[$i] : $diff[$i]);
 	}
 	return @hunk;
 }
 
+sub parse_diff_header {
+	my $src = shift;
+
+	my $head = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'header' };
+	my $mode = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'mode' };
+
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @{$src->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
+		my $dest = $src->{TEXT}->[$i] =~ /^(old|new) mode (\d+)$/ ?
+			$mode : $head;
+		push @{$dest->{TEXT}}, $src->{TEXT}->[$i];
+		push @{$dest->{DISPLAY}}, $src->{DISPLAY}->[$i];
+	}
+	return ($head, $mode);
+}
+
 sub hunk_splittable {
 	my ($text) = @_;
 
@@ -350,21 +684,24 @@ sub hunk_splittable {
 sub parse_hunk_header {
 	my ($line) = @_;
 	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
-	    $line =~ /^@@ -(\d+)(?:,(\d+)) \+(\d+)(?:,(\d+)) @@/;
+	    $line =~ /^@@ -(\d+)(?:,(\d+))? \+(\d+)(?:,(\d+))? @@/;
+	$o_cnt = 1 unless defined $o_cnt;
+	$n_cnt = 1 unless defined $n_cnt;
 	return ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
 }
 
 sub split_hunk {
-	my ($text) = @_;
+	my ($text, $display) = @_;
 	my @split = ();
-
+	if (!defined $display) {
+		$display = $text;
+	}
 	# If there are context lines in the middle of a hunk,
 	# it can be split, but we would need to take care of
 	# overlaps later.
 
-	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+	my ($o_ofs, undef, $n_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
 	my $hunk_start = 1;
-	my $next_hunk_start;
 
       OUTER:
 	while (1) {
@@ -372,16 +709,20 @@ sub split_hunk {
 		my $i = $hunk_start - 1;
 		my $this = +{
 			TEXT => [],
+			DISPLAY => [],
+			TYPE => 'hunk',
 			OLD => $o_ofs,
 			NEW => $n_ofs,
 			OCNT => 0,
 			NCNT => 0,
 			ADDDEL => 0,
 			POSTCTX => 0,
+			USE => undef,
 		};
 
 		while (++$i < @$text) {
 			my $line = $text->[$i];
+			my $display = $display->[$i];
 			if ($line =~ /^ /) {
 				if ($this->{ADDDEL} &&
 				    !defined $next_hunk_start) {
@@ -393,6 +734,7 @@ sub split_hunk {
 					$next_hunk_start = $i;
 				}
 				push @{$this->{TEXT}}, $line;
+				push @{$this->{DISPLAY}}, $display;
 				$this->{OCNT}++;
 				$this->{NCNT}++;
 				if (defined $next_hunk_start) {
@@ -415,6 +757,7 @@ sub split_hunk {
 				redo OUTER;
 			}
 			push @{$this->{TEXT}}, $line;
+			push @{$this->{DISPLAY}}, $display;
 			$this->{ADDDEL}++;
 			if ($line =~ /^-/) {
 				$this->{OCNT}++;
@@ -431,23 +774,28 @@ sub split_hunk {
 	for my $hunk (@split) {
 		$o_ofs = $hunk->{OLD};
 		$n_ofs = $hunk->{NEW};
-		$o_cnt = $hunk->{OCNT};
-		$n_cnt = $hunk->{NCNT};
+		my $o_cnt = $hunk->{OCNT};
+		my $n_cnt = $hunk->{NCNT};
 
 		my $head = ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
 			    (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
 			    " +$n_ofs" .
 			    (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
 			    " @@\n");
+		my $display_head = $head;
 		unshift @{$hunk->{TEXT}}, $head;
+		if ($diff_use_color) {
+			$display_head = colored($fraginfo_color, $head);
+		}
+		unshift @{$hunk->{DISPLAY}}, $display_head;
 	}
-	return map { $_->{TEXT} } @split;
+	return @split;
 }
 
 sub find_last_o_ctx {
 	my ($it) = @_;
 	my $text = $it->{TEXT};
-	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
 	my $i = @{$text};
 	my $last_o_ctx = $o_ofs + $o_cnt;
 	while (0 < --$i) {
@@ -515,56 +863,264 @@ sub coalesce_overlapping_hunks {
 	my (@in) = @_;
 	my @out = ();
 
-	my ($last_o_ctx);
+	my ($last_o_ctx, $last_was_dirty);
 
 	for (grep { $_->{USE} } @in) {
 		my $text = $_->{TEXT};
-		my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
-		    parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+		my ($o_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
 		if (defined $last_o_ctx &&
-		    $o_ofs <= $last_o_ctx) {
+		    $o_ofs <= $last_o_ctx &&
+		    !$_->{DIRTY} &&
+		    !$last_was_dirty) {
 			merge_hunk($out[-1], $_);
 		}
 		else {
 			push @out, $_;
 		}
 		$last_o_ctx = find_last_o_ctx($out[-1]);
+		$last_was_dirty = $_->{DIRTY};
 	}
 	return @out;
 }
 
+sub color_diff {
+	return map {
+		colored((/^@/  ? $fraginfo_color :
+			 /^\+/ ? $diff_new_color :
+			 /^-/  ? $diff_old_color :
+			 $diff_plain_color),
+			$_);
+	} @_;
+}
+
+sub edit_hunk_manually {
+	my ($oldtext) = @_;
+
+	my $hunkfile = $repo->repo_path . "/addp-hunk-edit.diff";
+	my $fh;
+	open $fh, '>', $hunkfile
+		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: " . $!;
+	print $fh "# Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide\n";
+	print $fh @$oldtext;
+	my $participle = $patch_mode_flavour{PARTICIPLE};
+	print $fh <<EOF;
+# ---
+# To remove '-' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
+# To remove '+' lines, delete them.
+# Lines starting with # will be removed.
+#
+# If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+# marked for $participle. If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given
+# an opportunity to edit again. If all lines of the hunk are removed,
+# then the edit is aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.
+EOF
+	close $fh;
+
+	my $editor = $ENV{GIT_EDITOR} || $repo->config("core.editor")
+		|| $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || "vi";
+	system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $hunkfile);
+
+	if ($? != 0) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
+	open $fh, '<', $hunkfile
+		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: " . $!;
+	my @newtext = grep { !/^#/ } <$fh>;
+	close $fh;
+	unlink $hunkfile;
+
+	# Abort if nothing remains
+	if (!grep { /\S/ } @newtext) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
+	# Reinsert the first hunk header if the user accidentally deleted it
+	if ($newtext[0] !~ /^@/) {
+		unshift @newtext, $oldtext->[0];
+	}
+	return \@newtext;
+}
+
+sub diff_applies {
+	my $fh;
+	return run_git_apply($patch_mode_flavour{APPLY_CHECK} . ' --recount --check',
+			     map { @{$_->{TEXT}} } @_);
+}
+
+sub _restore_terminal_and_die {
+	ReadMode 'restore';
+	print "\n";
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub prompt_single_character {
+	if ($use_readkey) {
+		local $SIG{TERM} = \&_restore_terminal_and_die;
+		local $SIG{INT} = \&_restore_terminal_and_die;
+		ReadMode 'cbreak';
+		my $key = ReadKey 0;
+		ReadMode 'restore';
+		print "$key" if defined $key;
+		print "\n";
+		return $key;
+	} else {
+		return <STDIN>;
+	}
+}
+
+sub prompt_yesno {
+	my ($prompt) = @_;
+	while (1) {
+		print colored $prompt_color, $prompt;
+		my $line = prompt_single_character;
+		return 0 if $line =~ /^n/i;
+		return 1 if $line =~ /^y/i;
+	}
+}
+
+sub edit_hunk_loop {
+	my ($head, $hunk, $ix) = @_;
+	my $text = $hunk->[$ix]->{TEXT};
+
+	while (1) {
+		$text = edit_hunk_manually($text);
+		if (!defined $text) {
+			return undef;
+		}
+		my $newhunk = {
+			TEXT => $text,
+			TYPE => $hunk->[$ix]->{TYPE},
+			USE => 1,
+			DIRTY => 1,
+		};
+		if (diff_applies($head,
+				 @{$hunk}[0..$ix-1],
+				 $newhunk,
+				 @{$hunk}[$ix+1..$#{$hunk}])) {
+			$newhunk->{DISPLAY} = [color_diff(@{$text})];
+			return $newhunk;
+		}
+		else {
+			prompt_yesno(
+				'Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again '
+				. '(saying "no" discards!) [y/n]? '
+				) or return undef;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 sub help_patch_cmd {
-	print <<\EOF ;
-y - stage this hunk
-n - do not stage this hunk
-a - stage this and all the remaining hunks
-d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks
+	my $verb = lc $patch_mode_flavour{VERB};
+	my $target = $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET};
+	print colored $help_color, <<EOF ;
+y - $verb this hunk$target
+n - do not $verb this hunk$target
+q - quit, do not $verb this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
+a - $verb this and all the remaining hunks in the file
+d - do not $verb this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
+g - select a hunk to go to
+/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex
 j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
 J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
 k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
 K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
 s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
+e - manually edit the current hunk
+? - print help
 EOF
 }
 
+sub apply_patch {
+	my $cmd = shift;
+	my $ret = run_git_apply $cmd . ' --recount', @_;
+	if (!$ret) {
+		print STDERR @_;
+	}
+	return $ret;
+}
+
 sub patch_update_cmd {
-	my @mods = list_modified('file-only');
-	@mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @mods;
-	return if (!@mods);
+	my @all_mods = list_modified($patch_mode_flavour{FILTER});
+	my @mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @all_mods;
+	my @them;
+
+	if (!@mods) {
+		if (@all_mods) {
+			print STDERR "Only binary files changed.\n";
+		} else {
+			print STDERR "No changes.\n";
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if ($patch_mode) {
+		@them = @mods;
+	}
+	else {
+		@them = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Patch update',
+					  HEADER => $status_head, },
+					@mods);
+	}
+	for (@them) {
+		return 0 if patch_update_file($_->{VALUE});
+	}
+}
 
-	my ($it) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Patch update',
-				     SINGLETON => 1,
-				     IMMEDIATE => 1,
-				     HEADER => $status_head, },
-				   @mods);
-	return if (!$it);
+# Generate a one line summary of a hunk.
+sub summarize_hunk {
+	my $rhunk = shift;
+	my $summary = $rhunk->{TEXT}[0];
+
+	# Keep the line numbers, discard extra context.
+	$summary =~ s/@@(.*?)@@.*/$1 /s;
+	$summary .= " " x (20 - length $summary);
+
+	# Add some user context.
+	for my $line (@{$rhunk->{TEXT}}) {
+		if ($line =~ m/^[+-].*\w/) {
+			$summary .= $line;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
 
+	chomp $summary;
+	return substr($summary, 0, 80) . "\n";
+}
+
+
+# Print a one-line summary of each hunk in the array ref in
+# the first argument, starting wih the index in the 2nd.
+sub display_hunks {
+	my ($hunks, $i) = @_;
+	my $ctr = 0;
+	$i ||= 0;
+	for (; $i < @$hunks && $ctr < 20; $i++, $ctr++) {
+		my $status = " ";
+		if (defined $hunks->[$i]{USE}) {
+			$status = $hunks->[$i]{USE} ? "+" : "-";
+		}
+		printf "%s%2d: %s",
+			$status,
+			$i + 1,
+			summarize_hunk($hunks->[$i]);
+	}
+	return $i;
+}
+
+sub patch_update_file {
+	my $quit = 0;
 	my ($ix, $num);
-	my $path = $it->{VALUE};
+	my $path = shift;
 	my ($head, @hunk) = parse_diff($path);
-	for (@{$head->{TEXT}}) {
+	($head, my $mode) = parse_diff_header($head);
+	for (@{$head->{DISPLAY}}) {
 		print;
 	}
+
+	if (@{$mode->{TEXT}}) {
+		unshift @hunk, $mode;
+	}
+
 	$num = scalar @hunk;
 	$ix = 0;
 
@@ -578,22 +1134,25 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $ix; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$prev = 1;
-				$other .= '/k';
+				$other .= ',k';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix) {
-			$other .= '/K';
+			$other .= ',K';
 		}
 		for ($i = $ix + 1; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$next = 1;
-				$other .= '/j';
+				$other .= ',j';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix < $num - 1) {
-			$other .= '/J';
+			$other .= ',J';
+		}
+		if ($num > 1) {
+			$other .= ',g';
 		}
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
@@ -603,14 +1162,21 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 		}
 		last if (!$undecided);
 
-		if (hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
-			$other .= '/s';
+		if ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'hunk' &&
+		    hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
+			$other .= ',s';
+		}
+		if ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'hunk') {
+			$other .= ',e';
 		}
-		for (@{$hunk[$ix]{TEXT}}) {
+		for (@{$hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY}}) {
 			print;
 		}
-		print "Stage this hunk [y/n/a/d$other/?]? ";
-		my $line = <STDIN>;
+		print colored $prompt_color, $patch_mode_flavour{VERB},
+		  ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'mode' ? ' mode change' : ' this hunk'),
+		  $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET},
+		  " [y,n,q,a,d,/$other,?]? ";
+		my $line = prompt_single_character;
 		if ($line) {
 			if ($line =~ /^y/i) {
 				$hunk[$ix]{USE} = 1;
@@ -627,6 +1193,31 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($other =~ /g/ && $line =~ /^g(.*)/) {
+				my $response = $1;
+				my $no = $ix > 10 ? $ix - 10 : 0;
+				while ($response eq '') {
+					my $extra = "";
+					$no = display_hunks(\@hunk, $no);
+					if ($no < $num) {
+						$extra = " (<ret> to see more)";
+					}
+					print "go to which hunk$extra? ";
+					$response = <STDIN>;
+					if (!defined $response) {
+						$response = '';
+					}
+					chomp $response;
+				}
+				if ($response !~ /^\s*\d+\s*$/) {
+					error_msg "Invalid number: '$response'\n";
+				} elsif (0 < $response && $response <= $num) {
+					$ix = $response - 1;
+				} else {
+					error_msg "Sorry, only $num hunks available.\n";
+				}
+				next;
+			}
 			elsif ($line =~ /^d/i) {
 				while ($ix < $num) {
 					if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
@@ -636,42 +1227,102 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /K/ && $line =~ /^K/) {
-				$ix--;
+			elsif ($line =~ /^q/i) {
+				while ($ix < $num) {
+					if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
+						$hunk[$ix]{USE} = 0;
+					}
+					$ix++;
+				}
+				$quit = 1;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /J/ && $line =~ /^J/) {
-				$ix++;
+			elsif ($line =~ m|^/(.*)|) {
+				my $regex = $1;
+				if ($1 eq "") {
+					print colored $prompt_color, "search for regex? ";
+					$regex = <STDIN>;
+					if (defined $regex) {
+						chomp $regex;
+					}
+				}
+				my $search_string;
+				eval {
+					$search_string = qr{$regex}m;
+				};
+				if ($@) {
+					my ($err,$exp) = ($@, $1);
+					$err =~ s/ at .*git-add--interactive line \d+, <STDIN> line \d+.*$//;
+					error_msg "Malformed search regexp $exp: $err\n";
+					next;
+				}
+				my $iy = $ix;
+				while (1) {
+					my $text = join ("", @{$hunk[$iy]{TEXT}});
+					last if ($text =~ $search_string);
+					$iy++;
+					$iy = 0 if ($iy >= $num);
+					if ($ix == $iy) {
+						error_msg "No hunk matches the given pattern\n";
+						last;
+					}
+				}
+				$ix = $iy;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /k/ && $line =~ /^k/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^K/) {
+				if ($other =~ /K/) {
 					$ix--;
-					last if (!$ix ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /j/ && $line =~ /^j/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^J/) {
+				if ($other =~ /J/) {
 					$ix++;
-					last if ($ix >= $num ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^k/) {
+				if ($other =~ /k/) {
+					while (1) {
+						$ix--;
+						last if (!$ix ||
+							 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+					}
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
+				}
+				next;
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^j/) {
+				if ($other !~ /j/) {
+					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
+					next;
+				}
+			}
 			elsif ($other =~ /s/ && $line =~ /^s/) {
-				my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT});
+				my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT}, $hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY});
 				if (1 < @split) {
-					print "Split into ",
+					print colored $header_color, "Split into ",
 					scalar(@split), " hunks.\n";
 				}
-				splice(@hunk, $ix, 1,
-				       map { +{ TEXT => $_, USE => undef } }
-				       @split);
+				splice (@hunk, $ix, 1, @split);
 				$num = scalar @hunk;
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($other =~ /e/ && $line =~ /^e/) {
+				my $newhunk = edit_hunk_loop($head, \@hunk, $ix);
+				if (defined $newhunk) {
+					splice @hunk, $ix, 1, $newhunk;
+				}
+			}
 			else {
 				help_patch_cmd($other);
 				next;
@@ -687,57 +1338,24 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 
 	@hunk = coalesce_overlapping_hunks(@hunk);
 
-	my ($o_lofs, $n_lofs) = (0, 0);
+	my $n_lofs = 0;
 	my @result = ();
 	for (@hunk) {
-		my $text = $_->{TEXT};
-		my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
-		    parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
-
-		if (!$_->{USE}) {
-			if (!defined $o_cnt) { $o_cnt = 1; }
-			if (!defined $n_cnt) { $n_cnt = 1; }
-
-			# We would have added ($n_cnt - $o_cnt) lines
-			# to the postimage if we were to use this hunk,
-			# but we didn't.  So the line number that the next
-			# hunk starts at would be shifted by that much.
-			$n_lofs -= ($n_cnt - $o_cnt);
-			next;
-		}
-		else {
-			if ($n_lofs) {
-				$n_ofs += $n_lofs;
-				$text->[0] = ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
-					      ((defined $o_cnt)
-					       ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
-					      " +$n_ofs" .
-					      ((defined $n_cnt)
-					       ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
-					      " @@\n");
-			}
-			for (@$text) {
-				push @result, $_;
-			}
+		if ($_->{USE}) {
+			push @result, @{$_->{TEXT}};
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (@result) {
 		my $fh;
-
-		open $fh, '|-', qw(git apply --cached);
-		for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
-			print $fh $_;
-		}
-		if (!close $fh) {
-			for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
-				print STDERR $_;
-			}
-		}
+		my @patch = (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result);
+		my $apply_routine = $patch_mode_flavour{APPLY};
+		&$apply_routine(@patch);
 		refresh();
 	}
 
 	print "\n";
+	return $quit;
 }
 
 sub diff_cmd {
@@ -749,8 +1367,9 @@ sub diff_cmd {
 				     HEADER => $status_head, },
 				   @mods);
 	return if (!@them);
-	system(qw(git diff-index -p --cached HEAD --),
-	       map { $_->{VALUE} } @them);
+	my $reference = is_initial_commit() ? get_empty_tree() : 'HEAD';
+	system(qw(git diff -p --cached), $reference, '--',
+		map { $_->{VALUE} } @them);
 }
 
 sub quit_cmd {
@@ -759,7 +1378,7 @@ sub quit_cmd {
 }
 
 sub help_cmd {
-	print <<\EOF ;
+	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
 status        - show paths with changes
 update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes
 revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version
@@ -769,6 +1388,20 @@ add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of changes
 EOF
 }
 
+sub process_args {
+	return unless @ARGV;
+	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
+	if ($arg eq "--patch") {
+		$patch_mode = 1;
+		$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --"
+		    unless $arg eq "--";
+	}
+	elsif ($arg ne "--") {
+		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --";
+	}
+}
+
 sub main_loop {
 	my @cmd = ([ 'status', \&status_cmd, ],
 		   [ 'update', \&update_cmd, ],
@@ -784,6 +1417,7 @@ sub main_loop {
 					     SINGLETON => 1,
 					     LIST_FLAT => 4,
 					     HEADER => '*** Commands ***',
+					     ON_EOF => \&quit_cmd,
 					     IMMEDIATE => 1 }, @cmd);
 		if ($it) {
 			eval {
@@ -796,8 +1430,12 @@ sub main_loop {
 	}
 }
 
-my @z;
-
+process_args();
 refresh();
-status_cmd();
-main_loop();
+if ($patch_mode) {
+	patch_update_cmd();
+}
+else {
+	status_cmd();
+	main_loop();
+}
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index e69ecbfdb1..d64d997535 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -2,14 +2,52 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Junio C Hamano
 
-USAGE='[--signoff] [--dotest=<dir>] [--utf8 | --no-utf8] [--binary] [--3way]
-  [--interactive] [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] <mbox>...
-  or, when resuming [--skip | --resolved]'
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git am [options] [<mbox>|<Maildir>...]
+git am [options] (--resolved | --skip | --abort)
+--
+i,interactive   run interactively
+b,binary*       (historical option -- no-op)
+3,3way          allow fall back on 3way merging if needed
+q,quiet         be quiet
+s,signoff       add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message
+u,utf8          recode into utf8 (default)
+k,keep          pass -k flag to git-mailinfo
+whitespace=     pass it through git-apply
+directory=      pass it through git-apply
+C=              pass it through git-apply
+p=              pass it through git-apply
+patch-format=   format the patch(es) are in
+reject          pass it through git-apply
+resolvemsg=     override error message when patch failure occurs
+r,resolved      to be used after a patch failure
+skip            skip the current patch
+abort           restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
+committer-date-is-author-date    lie about committer date
+ignore-date     use current timestamp for author date
+rebasing*       (internal use for git-rebase)"
+
 . git-sh-setup
+prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
 set_reflog_action am
 require_work_tree
+cd_to_toplevel
+
+git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
+	die "You need to set your committer info first"
 
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
+if git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD >/dev/null
+then
+	HAS_HEAD=yes
+else
+	HAS_HEAD=
+fi
+
+sq () {
+	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@"
+}
 
 stop_here () {
     echo "$1" >"$dotest/next"
@@ -18,10 +56,10 @@ stop_here () {
 
 stop_here_user_resolve () {
     if [ -n "$resolvemsg" ]; then
-	    echo "$resolvemsg"
+	    printf '%s\n' "$resolvemsg"
 	    stop_here $1
     fi
-    cmdline=$(basename $0)
+    cmdline="git am"
     if test '' != "$interactive"
     then
         cmdline="$cmdline -i"
@@ -30,12 +68,9 @@ stop_here_user_resolve () {
     then
         cmdline="$cmdline -3"
     fi
-    if test '.dotest' != "$dotest"
-    then
-        cmdline="$cmdline -d=$dotest"
-    fi
     echo "When you have resolved this problem run \"$cmdline --resolved\"."
     echo "If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\"."
+    echo "To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
 
     stop_here $1
 }
@@ -60,17 +95,15 @@ fall_back_3way () {
     mkdir "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-dir"
 
     # First see if the patch records the index info that we can use.
-    git-apply -z --index-info "$dotest/patch" \
-	>"$dotest/patch-merge-index-info" &&
+    git apply --build-fake-ancestor "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
+	"$dotest/patch" &&
     GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-    git-update-index -z --index-info <"$dotest/patch-merge-index-info" &&
-    GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-    git-write-tree >"$dotest/patch-merge-base+" ||
+    git write-tree >"$dotest/patch-merge-base+" ||
     cannot_fallback "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 
-    echo Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
+    say Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
     if GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-	git-apply $binary --cached <"$dotest/patch"
+	git apply --cached <"$dotest/patch"
     then
 	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-base+" "$dotest/patch-merge-base"
 	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" "$dotest/patch-merge-index"
@@ -80,11 +113,11 @@ It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
     fi
 
     test -f "$dotest/patch-merge-index" &&
-    his_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-index" git-write-tree) &&
+    his_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-index" git write-tree) &&
     orig_tree=$(cat "$dotest/patch-merge-base") &&
     rm -fr "$dotest"/patch-merge-* || exit 1
 
-    echo Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...
+    say Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...
 
     # This is not so wrong.  Depending on which base we picked,
     # orig_tree may be wildly different from ours, but his_tree
@@ -92,69 +125,198 @@ It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
     # patch did not touch, so recursive ends up canceling them,
     # saying that we reverted all those changes.
 
-    eval GITHEAD_$his_tree='"$SUBJECT"'
+    eval GITHEAD_$his_tree='"$FIRSTLINE"'
     export GITHEAD_$his_tree
+    if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+    then
+	    export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0
+    fi
     git-merge-recursive $orig_tree -- HEAD $his_tree || {
-	    if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-	    then
-		git-rerere
-	    fi
+	    git rerere
 	    echo Failed to merge in the changes.
 	    exit 1
     }
     unset GITHEAD_$his_tree
 }
 
+clean_abort () {
+	test $# = 0 || echo >&2 "$@"
+	rm -fr "$dotest"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+patch_format=
+
+check_patch_format () {
+	# early return if patch_format was set from the command line
+	if test -n "$patch_format"
+	then
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	# we default to mbox format if input is from stdin and for
+	# directories
+	if test $# = 0 || test "x$1" = "x-" || test -d "$1"
+	then
+		patch_format=mbox
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	# otherwise, check the first few lines of the first patch to try
+	# to detect its format
+	{
+		read l1
+		read l2
+		read l3
+		case "$l1" in
+		"From "* | "From: "*)
+			patch_format=mbox
+			;;
+		'# This series applies on GIT commit'*)
+			patch_format=stgit-series
+			;;
+		"# HG changeset patch")
+			patch_format=hg
+			;;
+		*)
+			# if the second line is empty and the third is
+			# a From, Author or Date entry, this is very
+			# likely an StGIT patch
+			case "$l2,$l3" in
+			,"From: "* | ,"Author: "* | ,"Date: "*)
+				patch_format=stgit
+				;;
+			*)
+				;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		esac
+	} < "$1" || clean_abort
+}
+
+split_patches () {
+	case "$patch_format" in
+	mbox)
+		git mailsplit -d"$prec" -o"$dotest" -b -- "$@" > "$dotest/last" ||
+		clean_abort
+		;;
+	stgit-series)
+		if test $# -ne 1
+		then
+			clean_abort "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+		fi
+		series_dir=`dirname "$1"`
+		series_file="$1"
+		shift
+		{
+			set x
+			while read filename
+			do
+				set "$@" "$series_dir/$filename"
+			done
+			# remove the safety x
+			shift
+			# remove the arg coming from the first-line comment
+			shift
+		} < "$series_file" || clean_abort
+		# set the patch format appropriately
+		patch_format=stgit
+		# now handle the actual StGIT patches
+		split_patches "$@"
+		;;
+	stgit)
+		this=0
+		for stgit in "$@"
+		do
+			this=`expr "$this" + 1`
+			msgnum=`printf "%0${prec}d" $this`
+			# Perl version of StGIT parse_patch. The first nonemptyline
+			# not starting with Author, From or Date is the
+			# subject, and the body starts with the next nonempty
+			# line not starting with Author, From or Date
+			perl -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
+				if ($subject > 1) { print ; }
+				elsif (/^\s+$/) { next ; }
+				elsif (/^Author:/) { print s/Author/From/ ; }
+				elsif (/^(From|Date)/) { print ; }
+				elsif ($subject) {
+					$subject = 2 ;
+					print "\n" ;
+					print ;
+				} else {
+					print "Subject: ", $_ ;
+					$subject = 1;
+				}
+			' < "$stgit" > "$dotest/$msgnum" || clean_abort
+		done
+		echo "$this" > "$dotest/last"
+		this=
+		msgnum=
+		;;
+	*)
+		clean_abort "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 prec=4
-dotest=.dotest sign= utf8=t keep= skip= interactive= resolved= binary= resolvemsg=
+dotest="$GIT_DIR/rebase-apply"
+sign= utf8=t keep= skip= interactive= resolved= rebasing= abort=
+resolvemsg= resume=
 git_apply_opt=
+committer_date_is_author_date=
+ignore_date=
 
-while case "$#" in 0) break;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	-d=*|--d=*|--do=*|--dot=*|--dote=*|--dotes=*|--dotest=*)
-	dotest=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`; shift ;;
-	-d|--d|--do|--dot|--dote|--dotes|--dotest)
-	case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac; shift
-	dotest="$1"; shift;;
-
-	-i|--i|--in|--int|--inte|--inter|--intera|--interac|--interact|\
-	--interacti|--interactiv|--interactive)
-	interactive=t; shift ;;
-
-	-b|--b|--bi|--bin|--bina|--binar|--binary)
-	binary=t; shift ;;
-
-	-3|--3|--3w|--3wa|--3way)
-	threeway=t; shift ;;
-	-s|--s|--si|--sig|--sign|--signo|--signof|--signoff)
-	sign=t; shift ;;
-	-u|--u|--ut|--utf|--utf8)
-	utf8=t; shift ;; # this is now default
-	--no-u|--no-ut|--no-utf|--no-utf8)
-	utf8=; shift ;;
-	-k|--k|--ke|--kee|--keep)
-	keep=t; shift ;;
-
-	-r|--r|--re|--res|--reso|--resol|--resolv|--resolve|--resolved)
-	resolved=t; shift ;;
-
-	--sk|--ski|--skip)
-	skip=t; shift ;;
-
-	--whitespace=*|-C*|-p*)
-	git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1"; shift ;;
-
-	--resolvemsg=*)
-	resolvemsg=$(echo "$1" | sed -e "s/^--resolvemsg=//"); shift ;;
-
+	-i|--interactive)
+		interactive=t ;;
+	-b|--binary)
+		: ;;
+	-3|--3way)
+		threeway=t ;;
+	-s|--signoff)
+		sign=t ;;
+	-u|--utf8)
+		utf8=t ;; # this is now default
+	--no-utf8)
+		utf8= ;;
+	-k|--keep)
+		keep=t ;;
+	-r|--resolved)
+		resolved=t ;;
+	--skip)
+		skip=t ;;
+	--abort)
+		abort=t ;;
+	--rebasing)
+		rebasing=t threeway=t keep=t ;;
+	-d|--dotest)
+		die "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+		;;
+	--resolvemsg)
+		shift; resolvemsg=$1 ;;
+	--whitespace|--directory)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1=$2")"; shift ;;
+	-C|-p)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1$2")"; shift ;;
+	--patch-format)
+		shift ; patch_format="$1" ;;
+	--reject)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1" ;;
+	--committer-date-is-author-date)
+		committer_date_is_author_date=t ;;
+	--ignore-date)
+		ignore_date=t ;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		GIT_QUIET=t ;;
 	--)
-	shift; break ;;
-	-*)
-	usage ;;
+		shift; break ;;
 	*)
-	break ;;
+		usage ;;
 	esac
+	shift
 done
 
 # If the dotest directory exists, but we have finished applying all the
@@ -170,7 +332,7 @@ fi
 
 if test -d "$dotest"
 then
-	case "$#,$skip$resolved" in
+	case "$#,$skip$resolved$abort" in
 	0,*t*)
 		# Explicit resume command and we do not have file, so
 		# we are happy.
@@ -178,55 +340,114 @@ then
 	0,)
 		# No file input but without resume parameters; catch
 		# user error to feed us a patch from standard input
-		# when there is already .dotest.  This is somewhat
+		# when there is already $dotest.  This is somewhat
 		# unreliable -- stdin could be /dev/null for example
 		# and the caller did not intend to feed us a patch but
 		# wanted to continue unattended.
-		tty -s
+		test -t 0
 		;;
 	*)
 		false
 		;;
 	esac ||
-	die "previous dotest directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+	die "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
 	resume=yes
+
+	case "$skip,$abort" in
+	t,t)
+		die "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+		;;
+	t,)
+		git rerere clear
+		git read-tree --reset -u HEAD HEAD
+		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD")
+		git reset HEAD
+		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
+		;;
+	,t)
+		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
+		then
+			exec git rebase --abort
+		fi
+		git rerere clear
+		test -f "$dotest/dirtyindex" || {
+			git read-tree --reset -u HEAD ORIG_HEAD
+			git reset ORIG_HEAD
+		}
+		rm -fr "$dotest"
+		exit ;;
+	esac
+	rm -f "$dotest/dirtyindex"
 else
-	# Make sure we are not given --skip nor --resolved
-	test ",$skip,$resolved," = ,,, ||
+	# Make sure we are not given --skip, --resolved, nor --abort
+	test "$skip$resolved$abort" = "" ||
 		die "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
 
 	# Start afresh.
 	mkdir -p "$dotest" || exit
 
-	git-mailsplit -d"$prec" -o"$dotest" -b -- "$@" > "$dotest/last" ||  {
-		rm -fr "$dotest"
-		exit 1
-	}
+	if test -n "$prefix" && test $# != 0
+	then
+		first=t
+		for arg
+		do
+			test -n "$first" && {
+				set x
+				first=
+			}
+			case "$arg" in
+			/*)
+				set "$@" "$arg" ;;
+			*)
+				set "$@" "$prefix$arg" ;;
+			esac
+		done
+		shift
+	fi
+
+	check_patch_format "$@"
 
-	# -b, -s, -u, -k and --whitespace flags are kept for the
-	# resuming session after a patch failure.
-	# -3 and -i can and must be given when resuming.
-	echo "$binary" >"$dotest/binary"
-	echo " $ws" >"$dotest/whitespace"
+	split_patches "$@"
+
+	# -s, -u, -k, --whitespace, -3, -C, -q and -p flags are kept
+	# for the resuming session after a patch failure.
+	# -i can and must be given when resuming.
+	echo " $git_apply_opt" >"$dotest/apply-opt"
+	echo "$threeway" >"$dotest/threeway"
 	echo "$sign" >"$dotest/sign"
 	echo "$utf8" >"$dotest/utf8"
 	echo "$keep" >"$dotest/keep"
+	echo "$GIT_QUIET" >"$dotest/quiet"
 	echo 1 >"$dotest/next"
+	if test -n "$rebasing"
+	then
+		: >"$dotest/rebasing"
+	else
+		: >"$dotest/applying"
+		if test -n "$HAS_HEAD"
+		then
+			git update-ref ORIG_HEAD HEAD
+		else
+			git update-ref -d ORIG_HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
+		fi
+	fi
 fi
 
 case "$resolved" in
 '')
-	files=$(git-diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD) || exit
-	if [ "$files" ]; then
-	   echo "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)" >&2
-	   exit 1
+	case "$HAS_HEAD" in
+	'')
+		files=$(git ls-files) ;;
+	?*)
+		files=$(git diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD --) ;;
+	esac || exit
+	if test "$files"
+	then
+		test -n "$HAS_HEAD" && : >"$dotest/dirtyindex"
+		die "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
 	fi
 esac
 
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/binary")" = t
-then
-	binary=--allow-binary-replacement
-fi
 if test "$(cat "$dotest/utf8")" = t
 then
 	utf8=-u
@@ -237,10 +458,18 @@ if test "$(cat "$dotest/keep")" = t
 then
 	keep=-k
 fi
-ws=`cat "$dotest/whitespace"`
+if test "$(cat "$dotest/quiet")" = t
+then
+	GIT_QUIET=t
+fi
+if test "$(cat "$dotest/threeway")" = t
+then
+	threeway=t
+fi
+git_apply_opt=$(cat "$dotest/apply-opt")
 if test "$(cat "$dotest/sign")" = t
 then
-	SIGNOFF=`git-var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
+	SIGNOFF=`git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
 			s/>.*/>/
 			s/^/Signed-off-by: /'
 		`
@@ -252,17 +481,13 @@ last=`cat "$dotest/last"`
 this=`cat "$dotest/next"`
 if test "$skip" = t
 then
-	if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-	then
-		git-rerere clear
-	fi
 	this=`expr "$this" + 1`
 	resume=
 fi
 
 if test "$this" -gt "$last"
 then
-	echo Nothing to do.
+	say Nothing to do.
 	rm -fr "$dotest"
 	exit
 fi
@@ -287,14 +512,33 @@ do
 	# by the user, or the user can tell us to do so by --resolved flag.
 	case "$resume" in
 	'')
-		git-mailinfo $keep $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
+		git mailinfo $keep $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
 			<"$dotest/$msgnum" >"$dotest/info" ||
 			stop_here $this
-		test -s $dotest/patch || {
-			echo "Patch is empty.  Was is split wrong?"
+
+		# skip pine's internal folder data
+		grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
+			<"$dotest"/info >/dev/null &&
+			go_next && continue
+
+		test -s "$dotest/patch" || {
+			echo "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?"
 			stop_here $this
 		}
-		git-stripspace < "$dotest/msg" > "$dotest/msg-clean"
+		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing" &&
+			commit=$(sed -e 's/^From \([0-9a-f]*\) .*/\1/' \
+				-e q "$dotest/$msgnum") &&
+			test "$(git cat-file -t "$commit")" = commit
+		then
+			git cat-file commit "$commit" |
+			sed -e '1,/^$/d' >"$dotest/msg-clean"
+		else
+			SUBJECT="$(sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info")"
+			case "$keep_subject" in -k)  SUBJECT="[PATCH] $SUBJECT" ;; esac
+
+			(printf '%s\n\n' "$SUBJECT"; cat "$dotest/msg") |
+				git stripspace > "$dotest/msg-clean"
+		fi
 		;;
 	esac
 
@@ -310,9 +554,6 @@ do
 
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 
-	SUBJECT="$(sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info")"
-	case "$keep_subject" in -k)  SUBJECT="[PATCH] $SUBJECT" ;; esac
-
 	case "$resume" in
 	'')
 	    if test '' != "$SIGNOFF"
@@ -320,7 +561,7 @@ do
 		LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY=`
 		    sed -ne '/^Signed-off-by: /p' \
 		    "$dotest/msg-clean" |
-		    tail -n 1
+		    sed -ne '$p'
 		`
 		ADD_SIGNOFF=`
 		    test "$LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY" = "$SIGNOFF" || {
@@ -331,10 +572,8 @@ do
 		ADD_SIGNOFF=
 	    fi
 	    {
-		echo "$SUBJECT"
 		if test -s "$dotest/msg-clean"
 		then
-			echo
 			cat "$dotest/msg-clean"
 		fi
 		if test '' != "$ADD_SIGNOFF"
@@ -347,7 +586,7 @@ do
 		case "$resolved$interactive" in
 		tt)
 			# This is used only for interactive view option.
-			git-diff-index -p --cached HEAD >"$dotest/patch"
+			git diff-index -p --cached HEAD -- >"$dotest/patch"
 			;;
 		esac
 	esac
@@ -370,7 +609,7 @@ do
 		[yY]*) action=yes ;;
 		[aA]*) action=yes interactive= ;;
 		[nN]*) action=skip ;;
-		[eE]*) "${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}" "$dotest/final-commit"
+		[eE]*) git_editor "$dotest/final-commit"
 		       action=again ;;
 		[vV]*) action=again
 		       LESS=-S ${PAGER:-less} "$dotest/patch" ;;
@@ -380,6 +619,7 @@ do
 	else
 	    action=yes
 	fi
+	FIRSTLINE=$(sed 1q "$dotest/final-commit")
 
 	if test $action = skip
 	then
@@ -393,13 +633,18 @@ do
 		stop_here $this
 	fi
 
-	echo
-	echo "Applying '$SUBJECT'"
-	echo
+	say "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
 
 	case "$resolved" in
 	'')
-		git-apply $git_apply_opt $binary --index "$dotest/patch"
+		# When we are allowed to fall back to 3-way later, don't give
+		# false errors during the initial attempt.
+		squelch=
+		if test "$threeway" = t
+		then
+			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1 '
+		fi
+		eval "git apply $squelch$git_apply_opt"' --index "$dotest/patch"'
 		apply_status=$?
 		;;
 	t)
@@ -408,11 +653,11 @@ do
 		# trust what the user has in the index file and the
 		# working tree.
 		resolved=
-		git-diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD && {
+		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- && {
 			echo "No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?"
 			stop_here_user_resolve $this
 		}
-		unmerged=$(git-ls-files -u)
+		unmerged=$(git ls-files -u)
 		if test -n "$unmerged"
 		then
 			echo "You still have unmerged paths in your index"
@@ -420,10 +665,7 @@ do
 			stop_here_user_resolve $this
 		fi
 		apply_status=0
-		if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-		then
-			git rerere
-		fi
+		git rerere
 		;;
 	esac
 
@@ -433,8 +675,8 @@ do
 		then
 		    # Applying the patch to an earlier tree and merging the
 		    # result may have produced the same tree as ours.
-		    git-diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD && {
-			echo No changes -- Patch already applied.
+		    git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- && {
+			say No changes -- Patch already applied.
 			go_next
 			continue
 		    }
@@ -444,7 +686,7 @@ do
 	fi
 	if test $apply_status != 0
 	then
-		echo Patch failed at $msgnum.
+		printf 'Patch failed at %s %s\n' "$msgnum" "$FIRSTLINE"
 		stop_here_user_resolve $this
 	fi
 
@@ -453,12 +695,23 @@ do
 		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-applypatch || stop_here $this
 	fi
 
-	tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	echo Wrote tree $tree &&
-	parent=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	commit=$(git-commit-tree $tree -p $parent <"$dotest/final-commit") &&
-	echo Committed: $commit &&
-	git-update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $SUBJECT" HEAD $commit $parent ||
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit=$(
+		if test -n "$ignore_date"
+		then
+			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=
+		fi
+		parent=$(git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD) ||
+		say >&2 "applying to an empty history"
+
+		if test -n "$committer_date_is_author_date"
+		then
+			GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+			export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		fi &&
+		git commit-tree $tree ${parent:+-p} $parent <"$dotest/final-commit"
+	) &&
+	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $FIRSTLINE" HEAD $commit $parent ||
 	stop_here $this
 
 	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-applypatch
@@ -469,4 +722,6 @@ do
 	go_next
 done
 
+git gc --auto
+
 rm -fr "$dotest"
diff --git a/git-applymbox.sh b/git-applymbox.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 3efd6a7464..0000000000
--- a/git-applymbox.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-##
-## "dotest" is my stupid name for my patch-application script, which
-## I never got around to renaming after I tested it. We're now on the
-## second generation of scripts, still called "dotest".
-##
-## Update: Ryan Anderson finally shamed me into naming this "applymbox".
-##
-## You give it a mbox-format collection of emails, and it will try to
-## apply them to the kernel using "applypatch"
-##
-## The patch application may fail in the middle.  In which case:
-## (1) look at .dotest/patch and fix it up to apply
-## (2) re-run applymbox with -c .dotest/msg-number for the current one.
-## Pay a special attention to the commit log message if you do this and
-## use a Signoff_file, because applypatch wants to append the sign-off
-## message to msg-clean every time it is run.
-##
-## git-am is supposed to be the newer and better tool for this job.
-
-USAGE='[-u] [-k] [-q] [-m] (-c .dotest/<num> | mbox) [signoff]'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
-
-keep_subject= query_apply= continue= utf8=-u resume=t
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-u)	utf8=-u ;;
-	-n)	utf8=-n ;;
-	-k)	keep_subject=-k ;;
-	-q)	query_apply=t ;;
-	-c)	continue="$2"; resume=f; shift ;;
-	-m)	fall_back_3way=t ;;
-	-*)	usage ;;
-	*)	break ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$continue" in
-'')
-	rm -rf .dotest
-	mkdir .dotest
-	num_msgs=$(git-mailsplit "$1" .dotest) || exit 1
-	echo "$num_msgs patch(es) to process."
-	shift
-esac
-
-files=$(git-diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD) || exit
-if [ "$files" ]; then
-   echo "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)" >&2
-   exit 1
-fi
-
-case "$query_apply" in
-t)	touch .dotest/.query_apply
-esac
-case "$fall_back_3way" in
-t)	: >.dotest/.3way
-esac
-case "$keep_subject" in
--k)	: >.dotest/.keep_subject
-esac
-
-signoff="$1"
-set x .dotest/0*
-shift
-while case "$#" in 0) break;; esac
-do
-    i="$1" 
-    case "$resume,$continue" in
-    f,$i)	resume=t;;
-    f,*)	shift
-		continue;;
-    *)
-	    git-mailinfo $keep_subject $utf8 \
-		.dotest/msg .dotest/patch <$i >.dotest/info || exit 1
-	    test -s .dotest/patch || {
-		echo "Patch is empty.  Was is split wrong?"
-		exit 1
-	    }
-	    git-stripspace < .dotest/msg > .dotest/msg-clean
-	    ;;
-    esac
-    while :; # for fixing up and retry
-    do
-	git-applypatch .dotest/msg-clean .dotest/patch .dotest/info "$signoff"
-	case "$?" in
-	0)
-		# Remove the cleanly applied one to reduce clutter.
-		rm -f .dotest/$i
-		;;
-	2)
-		# 2 is a special exit code from applypatch to indicate that
-	    	# the patch wasn't applied, but continue anyway 
-		;;
-	*)
-		ret=$?
-		if test -f .dotest/.query_apply
-		then
-			echo >&2 "* Patch failed."
-			echo >&2 "* You could fix it up in your editor and"
-			echo >&2 "  retry.  If you want to do so, say yes here"
-			echo >&2 "  AFTER fixing .dotest/patch up."
-			echo >&2 -n "Retry [y/N]? "
-			read yesno
-			case "$yesno" in
-			[Yy]*)
-				continue ;;
-		        esac
-		fi
-		exit $ret
-	esac
-	break
-    done
-    shift
-done
-# return to pristine
-rm -fr .dotest
diff --git a/git-applypatch.sh b/git-applypatch.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 8df2aee4c2..0000000000
--- a/git-applypatch.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-##
-## applypatch takes four file arguments, and uses those to
-## apply the unpacked patch (surprise surprise) that they
-## represent to the current tree.
-##
-## The arguments are:
-##	$1 - file with commit message
-##	$2 - file with the actual patch
-##	$3 - "info" file with Author, email and subject
-##	$4 - optional file containing signoff to add
-##
-
-USAGE='<msg> <patch> <info> [<signoff>]'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-case "$#" in 3|4) ;; *) usage ;; esac
-
-final=.dotest/final-commit
-##
-## If this file exists, we ask before applying
-##
-query_apply=.dotest/.query_apply
-
-## We do not munge the first line of the commit message too much
-## if this file exists.
-keep_subject=.dotest/.keep_subject
-
-## We do not attempt the 3-way merge fallback unless this file exists.
-fall_back_3way=.dotest/.3way
-
-MSGFILE=$1
-PATCHFILE=$2
-INFO=$3
-SIGNOFF=$4
-EDIT=${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}
-
-export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$(sed -n '/^Author/ s/Author: //p' "$INFO")"
-export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$(sed -n '/^Email/ s/Email: //p' "$INFO")"
-export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$(sed -n '/^Date/ s/Date: //p' "$INFO")"
-export SUBJECT="$(sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$INFO")"
-
-if test '' != "$SIGNOFF"
-then
-	if test -f "$SIGNOFF"
-	then
-		SIGNOFF=`cat "$SIGNOFF"` || exit
-	elif case "$SIGNOFF" in yes | true | me | please) : ;; *) false ;; esac
-	then
-		SIGNOFF=`git-var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
-				s/>.*/>/
-				s/^/Signed-off-by: /'
-		`
-	else
-		SIGNOFF=
-	fi
-	if test '' != "$SIGNOFF"
-	then
-		LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY=`
-			sed -ne '/^Signed-off-by: /p' "$MSGFILE" |
-			tail -n 1
-		`
-		test "$LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY" = "$SIGNOFF" || {
-		    test '' = "$LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY" && echo
-		    echo "$SIGNOFF"
-		} >>"$MSGFILE"
-	fi
-fi
-
-patch_header=
-test -f "$keep_subject" || patch_header='[PATCH] '
-
-{
-	echo "$patch_header$SUBJECT"
-	if test -s "$MSGFILE"
-	then
-		echo
-		cat "$MSGFILE"
-	fi
-} >"$final"
-
-interactive=yes
-test -f "$query_apply" || interactive=no
-
-while [ "$interactive" = yes ]; do
-	echo "Commit Body is:"
-	echo "--------------------------"
-	cat "$final"
-	echo "--------------------------"
-	printf "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[a]ccept all "
-	read reply
-	case "$reply" in
-		y|Y) interactive=no;;
-		n|N) exit 2;;	# special value to tell dotest to keep going
-		e|E) "$EDIT" "$final";;
-		a|A) rm -f "$query_apply"
-		     interactive=no ;;
-	esac
-done
-
-if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/applypatch-msg
-then
-	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/applypatch-msg "$final" || exit
-fi
-
-echo
-echo Applying "'$SUBJECT'"
-echo
-
-git-apply --index "$PATCHFILE" || {
-
-	# git-apply exits with status 1 when the patch does not apply,
-	# but it die()s with other failures, most notably upon corrupt
-	# patch.  In the latter case, there is no point to try applying
-	# it to another tree and do 3-way merge.
-	test $? = 1 || exit 1
-
-	test -f "$fall_back_3way" || exit 1
-
-	# Here if we know which revision the patch applies to,
-	# we create a temporary working tree and index, apply the
-	# patch, and attempt 3-way merge with the resulting tree.
-
-	O_OBJECT=`cd "$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY" && pwd`
-	rm -fr .patch-merge-*
-
-	if git-apply -z --index-info "$PATCHFILE" \
-		>.patch-merge-index-info 2>/dev/null &&
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE=.patch-merge-tmp-index \
-		git-update-index -z --index-info <.patch-merge-index-info &&
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE=.patch-merge-tmp-index \
-		git-write-tree >.patch-merge-tmp-base &&
-		(
-			mkdir .patch-merge-tmp-dir &&
-			cd .patch-merge-tmp-dir &&
-			GIT_INDEX_FILE="../.patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-			GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$O_OBJECT" \
-			git-apply $binary --index
-		) <"$PATCHFILE"
-	then
-		echo Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
-		mv .patch-merge-tmp-base .patch-merge-base
-		mv .patch-merge-tmp-index .patch-merge-index
-	else
-	(
-		N=10
-
-		# Otherwise, try nearby trees that can be used to apply the
-		# patch.
-		git-rev-list --max-count=$N HEAD
-
-		# or hoping the patch is against known tags...
-		git-ls-remote --tags .
-	) |
-	    while read base junk
-	    do
-		# Try it if we have it as a tree.
-		git-cat-file tree "$base" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
-
-		rm -fr .patch-merge-tmp-* &&
-		mkdir .patch-merge-tmp-dir || break
-		(
-			cd .patch-merge-tmp-dir &&
-			GIT_INDEX_FILE=../.patch-merge-tmp-index &&
-			GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$O_OBJECT" &&
-			export GIT_INDEX_FILE GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-			git-read-tree "$base" &&
-			git-apply --index &&
-			mv ../.patch-merge-tmp-index ../.patch-merge-index &&
-			echo "$base" >../.patch-merge-base
-		) <"$PATCHFILE"  2>/dev/null && break
-	    done
-	fi
-
-	test -f .patch-merge-index &&
-	his_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE=.patch-merge-index git-write-tree) &&
-	orig_tree=$(cat .patch-merge-base) &&
-	rm -fr .patch-merge-* || exit 1
-
-	echo Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge using $orig_tree...
-
-	# This is not so wrong.  Depending on which base we picked,
-	# orig_tree may be wildly different from ours, but his_tree
-	# has the same set of wildly different changes in parts the
-	# patch did not touch, so resolve ends up canceling them,
-	# saying that we reverted all those changes.
-
-	if git-merge-resolve $orig_tree -- HEAD $his_tree
-	then
-		echo Done.
-	else
-		echo Failed to merge in the changes.
-		exit 1
-	fi
-}
-
-if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-applypatch
-then
-	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-applypatch || exit
-fi
-
-tree=$(git-write-tree) || exit 1
-echo Wrote tree $tree
-parent=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-commit=$(git-commit-tree $tree -p $parent <"$final") || exit 1
-echo Committed: $commit
-git-update-ref -m "applypatch: $SUBJECT" HEAD $commit $parent || exit
-
-if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-applypatch
-then
-	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-applypatch
-fi
diff --git a/git-archimport.perl b/git-archimport.perl
index c1e7c1ddcb..98f3ede566 100755
--- a/git-archimport.perl
+++ b/git-archimport.perl
@@ -3,19 +3,19 @@
 # This tool is copyright (c) 2005, Martin Langhoff.
 # It is released under the Gnu Public License, version 2.
 #
-# The basic idea is to walk the output of tla abrowse, 
-# fetch the changesets and apply them. 
+# The basic idea is to walk the output of tla abrowse,
+# fetch the changesets and apply them.
 #
 
 =head1 Invocation
 
-    git-archimport [ -h ] [ -v ] [ -o ] [ -a ] [ -f ] [ -T ] 
-    	[ -D depth] [ -t tempdir ] <archive>/<branch> [ <archive>/<branch> ]
+    git archimport [ -h ] [ -v ] [ -o ] [ -a ] [ -f ] [ -T ]
+	[ -D depth] [ -t tempdir ] <archive>/<branch> [ <archive>/<branch> ]
 
 Imports a project from one or more Arch repositories. It will follow branches
 and repositories within the namespaces defined by the <archive/branch>
 parameters supplied. If it cannot find the remote branch a merge comes from
-it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it 
+it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it
 as a merge whenever possible.
 
 See man (1) git-archimport for more details.
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ See man (1) git-archimport for more details.
  - create tag objects instead of ref tags
  - audit shell-escaping of filenames
  - hide our private tags somewhere smarter
- - find a way to make "cat *patches | patch" safe even when patchfiles are missing newlines  
+ - find a way to make "cat *patches | patch" safe even when patchfiles are missing newlines
  - sort and apply patches by graphing ancestry relations instead of just
    relying in dates supplied in the changeset itself.
    tla ancestry-graph -m could be helpful here...
 
 =head1 Devel tricks
 
-Add print in front of the shell commands invoked via backticks. 
+Add print in front of the shell commands invoked via backticks.
 
 =head1 Devel Notes
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ our($opt_h,$opt_f,$opt_v,$opt_T,$opt_t,$opt_D,$opt_a,$opt_o);
 
 sub usage() {
     print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from Arch
+Usage: git archimport     # fetch/update GIT from Arch
        [ -h ] [ -v ] [ -o ] [ -a ] [ -f ] [ -T ] [ -D depth ] [ -t tempdir ]
        repository/arch-branch [ repository/arch-branch] ...
 END
@@ -126,16 +126,16 @@ sub do_abrowse {
     my $stage = shift;
     while (my ($limit, $level) = each %arch_branches) {
         next unless $level == $stage;
-        
-	open ABROWSE, "$TLA abrowse -fkD --merges $limit |" 
+
+	open ABROWSE, "$TLA abrowse -fkD --merges $limit |"
                                 or die "Problems with tla abrowse: $!";
-    
+
         my %ps        = ();         # the current one
         my $lastseen  = '';
-    
+
         while (<ABROWSE>) {
             chomp;
-            
+
             # first record padded w 8 spaces
             if (s/^\s{8}\b//) {
                 my ($id, $type) = split(m/\s+/, $_, 2);
@@ -147,13 +147,13 @@ sub do_abrowse {
                     push (@psets, \%last_ps);
                     $psets{ $last_ps{id} } = \%last_ps;
                 }
-                
+
                 my $branch = extract_versionname($id);
                 %ps = ( id => $id, branch => $branch );
                 if (%last_ps && ($last_ps{branch} eq $branch)) {
                     $ps{parent_id} = $last_ps{id};
                 }
-                
+
                 $arch_branches{$branch} = 1;
                 $lastseen = 'id';
 
@@ -166,16 +166,16 @@ sub do_abrowse {
                     $ps{type} = 't';
                     # read which revision we've tagged when we parse the log
                     $ps{tag}  = $1;
-                } else { 
+                } else {
                     warn "Unknown type $type";
                 }
 
                 $arch_branches{$branch} = 1;
                 $lastseen = 'id';
-            } elsif (s/^\s{10}//) { 
-                # 10 leading spaces or more 
+            } elsif (s/^\s{10}//) {
+                # 10 leading spaces or more
                 # indicate commit metadata
-                
+
                 # date
                 if ($lastseen eq 'id' && m/^(\d{4}-\d\d-\d\d \d\d:\d\d:\d\d)/){
                     $ps{date}   = $1;
@@ -186,12 +186,12 @@ sub do_abrowse {
                 } elsif ($lastseen eq 'merges' && s/^\s{2}//) {
                     my $id = $_;
                     push (@{$ps{merges}}, $id);
-                   
+
                     # aggressive branch finding:
                     if ($opt_D) {
                         my $branch = extract_versionname($id);
                         my $repo = extract_reponame($branch);
-                        
+
                         if (archive_reachable($repo) &&
                                 !defined $arch_branches{$branch}) {
                             $arch_branches{$branch} = $stage + 1;
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ sub do_abrowse {
             if (@psets && $psets[$#psets]{branch} eq $ps{branch}) {
                 $temp{parent_id} = $psets[$#psets]{id};
             }
-            push (@psets, \%temp);  
+            push (@psets, \%temp);
             $psets{ $temp{id} } = \%temp;
-        }    
-        
+        }
+
         close ABROWSE or die "$TLA abrowse failed on $limit\n";
     }
 }                               # end foreach $root
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ unless (-d $git_dir) { # initial import
     while (my $file = readdir(DIR)) {
         # skip non-interesting-files
         next unless -f "$ptag_dir/$file";
-   
+
         # convert first '--' to '/' from old git-archimport to use
         # as an archivename/c--b--v private tag
         if ($file !~ m!,!) {
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ sub extract_reponame {
     my $fq_cvbr = shift; # archivename/[[[[category]branch]version]revision]
     return (split(/\//, $fq_cvbr))[0];
 }
- 
+
 sub extract_versionname {
     my $name = shift;
     $name =~ s/--(?:patch|version(?:fix)?|base)-\d+$//;
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ sub extract_versionname {
 }
 
 # convert a fully-qualified revision or version to a unique dirname:
-#   normalperson@yhbt.net-05/mpd--uclinux--1--patch-2 
+#   normalperson@yhbt.net-05/mpd--uclinux--1--patch-2
 # becomes: normalperson@yhbt.net-05,mpd--uclinux--1
 #
 # the git notion of a branch is closer to
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ sub git_branchname {
 
 sub process_patchset_accurate {
     my $ps = shift;
-    
+
     # switch to that branch if we're not already in that branch:
     if (-e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$ps->{branch}") {
        system('git-checkout','-f',$ps->{branch}) == 0 or die "$! $?\n";
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ sub process_patchset_accurate {
        my $rm = safe_pipe_capture('git-ls-files','--others','-z');
        rmtree(split(/\0/,$rm)) if $rm;
     }
-    
+
     # Apply the import/changeset/merge into the working tree
     my $dir = sync_to_ps($ps);
     # read the new log entry:
@@ -361,9 +361,9 @@ sub process_patchset_accurate {
     parselog($ps, \@commitlog);
 
     if ($ps->{id} =~ /--base-0$/ && $ps->{id} ne $psets[0]{id}) {
-        # this should work when importing continuations 
+        # this should work when importing continuations
         if ($ps->{tag} && (my $branchpoint = eval { ptag($ps->{tag}) })) {
-            
+
             # find where we are supposed to branch from
 	    if (! -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$ps->{branch}") {
 		system('git-branch',$ps->{branch},$branchpoint) == 0 or die "$! $?\n";
@@ -388,8 +388,8 @@ sub process_patchset_accurate {
         }
         # allow multiple bases/imports here since Arch supports cherry-picks
         # from unrelated trees
-    } 
-    
+    }
+
     # update the index with all the changes we got
     system('git-diff-files --name-only -z | '.
             'git-update-index --remove -z --stdin') == 0 or die "$! $?\n";
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ sub process_patchset_accurate {
 # does not handle permissions or any renames involving directories
 sub process_patchset_fast {
     my $ps = shift;
-    # 
+    #
     # create the branch if needed
     #
     if ($ps->{type} eq 'i' && !$import) {
@@ -417,9 +417,9 @@ sub process_patchset_fast {
             # new branch! we need to verify a few things
             die "Branch on a non-tag!" unless $ps->{type} eq 't';
             my $branchpoint = ptag($ps->{tag});
-            die "Tagging from unknown id unsupported: $ps->{tag}" 
+            die "Tagging from unknown id unsupported: $ps->{tag}"
                 unless $branchpoint;
-            
+
             # find where we are supposed to branch from
 	    if (! -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$ps->{branch}") {
 		system('git-branch',$ps->{branch},$branchpoint) == 0 or die "$! $?\n";
@@ -435,13 +435,13 @@ sub process_patchset_fast {
             }
             system('git-checkout',$ps->{branch}) == 0 or die "$! $?\n";
             return 0;
-        } 
+        }
         die $! if $?;
-    } 
+    }
 
     #
     # Apply the import/changeset/merge into the working tree
-    # 
+    #
     if ($ps->{type} eq 'i' || $ps->{type} eq 't') {
         apply_import($ps) or die $!;
         $stats{import_or_tag}++;
@@ -455,10 +455,10 @@ sub process_patchset_fast {
     # prepare update git's index, based on what arch knows
     # about the pset, resolve parents, etc
     #
-    
-    my @commitlog = safe_pipe_capture($TLA,'cat-archive-log',$ps->{id}); 
+
+    my @commitlog = safe_pipe_capture($TLA,'cat-archive-log',$ps->{id});
     die "Error in cat-archive-log: $!" if $?;
-        
+
     parselog($ps,\@commitlog);
 
     # imports don't give us good info
@@ -485,10 +485,10 @@ sub process_patchset_fast {
         if (@$ren % 2) {
             die "Odd number of entries in rename!?";
         }
-        
+
         while (@$ren) {
             my $from = shift @$ren;
-            my $to   = shift @$ren;           
+            my $to   = shift @$ren;
 
             unless (-d dirname($to)) {
                 mkpath(dirname($to)); # will die on err
@@ -529,20 +529,20 @@ if ($opt_f) {
             "Things may be a bit slow\n";
     *process_patchset = *process_patchset_accurate;
 }
-    
+
 foreach my $ps (@psets) {
     # process patchsets
     $ps->{branch} = git_branchname($ps->{id});
 
     #
-    # ensure we have a clean state 
-    # 
+    # ensure we have a clean state
+    #
     if (my $dirty = `git-diff-files`) {
         die "Unclean tree when about to process $ps->{id} " .
             " - did we fail to commit cleanly before?\n$dirty";
     }
     die $! if $?;
-    
+
     #
     # skip commits already in repo
     #
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ foreach my $ps (@psets) {
     my $tree = `git-write-tree`;
     die "cannot write tree $!" if $?;
     chomp $tree;
-    
+
     #
     # Who's your daddy?
     #
@@ -570,18 +570,18 @@ foreach my $ps (@psets) {
             close HEAD;
             chomp $p;
             push @par, '-p', $p;
-        } else { 
+        } else {
             if ($ps->{type} eq 's') {
                 warn "Could not find the right head for the branch $ps->{branch}";
             }
         }
     }
-    
+
     if ($ps->{merges}) {
         push @par, find_parents($ps);
     }
 
-    #    
+    #
     # Commit, tag and clean state
     #
     $ENV{TZ}                  = 'GMT';
@@ -592,14 +592,18 @@ foreach my $ps (@psets) {
     $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = $ps->{email};
     $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE}  = $ps->{date};
 
-    my $pid = open2(*READER, *WRITER,'git-commit-tree',$tree,@par) 
+    my $pid = open2(*READER, *WRITER,'git-commit-tree',$tree,@par)
         or die $!;
     print WRITER $ps->{summary},"\n\n";
-    print WRITER $ps->{message},"\n";
-    
+
+    # only print message if it's not empty, to avoid a spurious blank line;
+    # also append an extra newline, so there's a blank line before the
+    # following "git-archimport-id:" line.
+    print WRITER $ps->{message},"\n\n" if ($ps->{message} ne "");
+
     # make it easy to backtrack and figure out which Arch revision this was:
     print WRITER 'git-archimport-id: ',$ps->{id},"\n";
-    
+
     close WRITER;
     my $commitid = <READER>;    # read
     chomp $commitid;
@@ -611,7 +615,7 @@ foreach my $ps (@psets) {
     }
     #
     # Update the branch
-    # 
+    #
     open  HEAD, ">","$git_dir/refs/heads/$ps->{branch}";
     print HEAD $commitid;
     close HEAD;
@@ -640,7 +644,7 @@ exit 0;
 sub sync_to_ps {
     my $ps = shift;
     my $tree_dir = $tmp.'/'.tree_dirname($ps->{id});
-    
+
     $opt_v && print "sync_to_ps($ps->{id}) method: ";
 
     if (-d $tree_dir) {
@@ -674,7 +678,7 @@ sub sync_to_ps {
         safe_pipe_capture($TLA,'get','--no-pristine',$ps->{id},$tree_dir);
         $stats{get_new}++;
     }
-   
+
     # added -I flag to rsync since we're going to fast! AIEEEEE!!!!
     system('rsync','-aI','--delete','--exclude',$git_dir,
 #               '--exclude','.arch-inventory',
@@ -691,15 +695,15 @@ sub apply_import {
     mkpath($tmp);
 
     safe_pipe_capture($TLA,'get','-s','--no-pristine',$ps->{id},"$tmp/import");
-    die "Cannot get import: $!" if $?;    
+    die "Cannot get import: $!" if $?;
     system('rsync','-aI','--delete', '--exclude',$git_dir,
 		'--exclude','.arch-ids','--exclude','{arch}',
 		"$tmp/import/", './');
     die "Cannot rsync import:$!" if $?;
-    
+
     rmtree("$tmp/import");
     die "Cannot remove tempdir: $!" if $?;
-    
+
 
     return 1;
 }
@@ -712,13 +716,13 @@ sub apply_cset {
     # get the changeset
     safe_pipe_capture($TLA,'get-changeset',$ps->{id},"$tmp/changeset");
     die "Cannot get changeset: $!" if $?;
-    
+
     # apply patches
     if (`find $tmp/changeset/patches -type f -name '*.patch'`) {
         # this can be sped up considerably by doing
         #    (find | xargs cat) | patch
         # but that can get mucked up by patches
-        # with missing trailing newlines or the standard 
+        # with missing trailing newlines or the standard
         # 'missing newline' flag in the patch - possibly
         # produced with an old/buggy diff.
         # slow and safe, we invoke patch once per patchfile
@@ -741,7 +745,7 @@ sub apply_cset {
 
     # bring in new files
     system('rsync','-aI','--exclude',$git_dir,
-    		'--exclude','.arch-ids',
+		'--exclude','.arch-ids',
 		'--exclude', '{arch}',
 		"$tmp/changeset/new-files-archive/",'./');
 
@@ -789,7 +793,7 @@ sub parselog {
         removed_files => 1,
         removed_directories => 1,
     );
-    
+
     chomp (@$log);
     while ($_ = shift @$log) {
         if (/^Continuation-of:\s*(.*)/) {
@@ -828,7 +832,7 @@ sub parselog {
             }
         }
     }
-   
+
     # drop leading empty lines from the log message
     while (@$log && $log->[0] eq '') {
 	shift @$log;
@@ -842,7 +846,7 @@ sub parselog {
 	$ps->{summary} = $log->[0] . '...';
     }
     $ps->{message} = join("\n",@$log);
-    
+
     # skip Arch control files, unescape pika-escaped files
     foreach my $k (keys %want_headers) {
         next unless (defined $ps->{$k});
@@ -867,7 +871,7 @@ sub parselog {
 # write/read a tag
 sub tag {
     my ($tag, $commit) = @_;
- 
+
     if ($opt_o) {
         $tag =~ s|/|--|g;
     } else {
@@ -875,7 +879,7 @@ sub tag {
 	$patchname =~ s/.*--//;
         $tag = git_branchname ($tag) . '--' . $patchname;
     }
-    
+
     if ($commit) {
         open(C,">","$git_dir/refs/tags/$tag")
             or die "Cannot create tag $tag: $!\n";
@@ -902,8 +906,8 @@ sub ptag {
     my ($tag, $commit) = @_;
 
     # don't use subdirs for tags yet, it could screw up other porcelains
-    $tag =~ s|/|,|g; 
-    
+    $tag =~ s|/|,|g;
+
     my $tag_file = "$ptag_dir/$tag";
     my $tag_branch_dir = dirname($tag_file);
     mkpath($tag_branch_dir) unless (-d $tag_branch_dir);
@@ -915,7 +919,7 @@ sub ptag {
             or die "Cannot write tag $tag: $!\n";
         close(C)
             or die "Cannot write tag $tag: $!\n";
-	$rptags{$commit} = $tag 
+	$rptags{$commit} = $tag
 	    unless $tag =~ m/--base-0$/;
     } else {                    # read
         # if the tag isn't there, return 0
@@ -941,7 +945,7 @@ sub find_parents {
     # Identify what branches are merging into me
     # and whether we are fully merged
     # git-merge-base <headsha> <headsha> should tell
-    # me what the base of the merge should be 
+    # me what the base of the merge should be
     #
     my $ps = shift;
 
@@ -963,14 +967,14 @@ sub find_parents {
     }
 
     #
-    # foreach branch find a merge base and walk it to the 
+    # foreach branch find a merge base and walk it to the
     # head where we are, collecting the merged patchsets that
     # Arch has recorded. Keep that in @have
     # Compare that with the commits on the other branch
     # between merge-base and the tip of the branch (@need)
     # and see if we have a series of consecutive patches
     # starting from the merge base. The tip of the series
-    # of consecutive patches merged is our new parent for 
+    # of consecutive patches merged is our new parent for
     # that branch.
     #
     foreach my $branch (keys %branches) {
@@ -979,13 +983,13 @@ sub find_parents {
 	next unless -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$branch";
 
 	my $mergebase = `git-merge-base $branch $ps->{branch}`;
- 	if ($?) { 
- 	    # Don't die here, Arch supports one-way cherry-picking
- 	    # between branches with no common base (or any relationship
- 	    # at all beforehand)
- 	    warn "Cannot find merge base for $branch and $ps->{branch}";
- 	    next;
- 	}
+	if ($?) {
+	    # Don't die here, Arch supports one-way cherry-picking
+	    # between branches with no common base (or any relationship
+	    # at all beforehand)
+	    warn "Cannot find merge base for $branch and $ps->{branch}";
+	    next;
+	}
 	chomp $mergebase;
 
 	# now walk up to the mergepoint collecting what patches we have
@@ -1010,7 +1014,7 @@ sub find_parents {
 	# merge what we have with what ancestors have
 	%have = (%have, %ancestorshave);
 
-	# see what the remote branch has - these are the merges we 
+	# see what the remote branch has - these are the merges we
 	# will want to have in a consecutive series from the mergebase
 	my $otherbranchtip = git_rev_parse($branch);
 	my @needraw = `git-rev-list --topo-order $otherbranchtip ^$mergebase`;
@@ -1018,7 +1022,7 @@ sub find_parents {
 	foreach my $needps (@needraw) { 	# get the psets
 	    $needps = commitid2pset($needps);
 	    # git-rev-list will also
-	    # list commits merged in via earlier 
+	    # list commits merged in via earlier
 	    # merges. we are only interested in commits
 	    # from the branch we're looking at
 	    if ($branch eq $needps->{branch}) {
@@ -1054,7 +1058,7 @@ sub find_parents {
 	next unless ref    $psets{$p}{merges};
 	my @merges = @{$psets{$p}{merges}};
 	foreach my $merge (@merges) {
-	    if ($parents{$merge}) { 
+	    if ($parents{$merge}) {
 		delete $parents{$merge};
 	    }
 	}
@@ -1079,10 +1083,10 @@ sub git_rev_parse {
 sub commitid2pset {
     my $commitid = shift;
     chomp $commitid;
-    my $name = $rptags{$commitid} 
+    my $name = $rptags{$commitid}
 	|| die "Cannot find reverse tag mapping for $commitid";
     $name =~ s|,|/|;
-    my $ps   = $psets{$name} 
+    my $ps   = $psets{$name}
 	|| (print Dumper(sort keys %psets)) && die "Cannot find patchset for $name";
     return $ps;
 }
@@ -1112,7 +1116,7 @@ sub archive_reachable {
     my $archive = shift;
     return 1 if $reachable{$archive};
     return 0 if $unreachable{$archive};
-    
+
     if (system "$TLA whereis-archive $archive >/dev/null") {
         if ($opt_a && (system($TLA,'register-archive',
                       "http://mirrors.sourcecontrol.net/$archive") == 0)) {
@@ -1127,4 +1131,3 @@ sub archive_reachable {
         return 1;
     }
 }
-
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index 85c374e21e..8969553658 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-USAGE='[start|bad|good|next|reset|visualize|replay|log|run]'
-LONG_USAGE='git bisect start [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
+USAGE='[help|start|bad|good|skip|next|reset|visualize|replay|log|run]'
+LONG_USAGE='git bisect help
+        print this long help message.
+git bisect start [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
         reset bisect state and start bisection.
 git bisect bad [<rev>]
         mark <rev> a known-bad revision.
 git bisect good [<rev>...]
         mark <rev>... known-good revisions.
+git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
+        mark <rev>... untestable revisions.
 git bisect next
         find next bisection to test and check it out.
 git bisect reset [<branch>]
@@ -18,23 +22,19 @@ git bisect replay <logfile>
 git bisect log
         show bisect log.
 git bisect run <cmd>...
-        use <cmd>... to automatically bisect.'
+        use <cmd>... to automatically bisect.
 
+Please use "git help bisect" to get the full man page.'
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
-sq() {
-	@@PERL@@ -e '
-		for (@ARGV) {
-			s/'\''/'\'\\\\\'\''/g;
-			print " '\''$_'\''";
-		}
-		print "\n";
-	' "$@"
-}
+_x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 
 bisect_autostart() {
-	test -d "$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect" || {
+	test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" || {
 		echo >&2 'You need to start by "git bisect start"'
 		if test -t 0
 		then
@@ -53,34 +53,42 @@ bisect_autostart() {
 
 bisect_start() {
 	#
-	# Verify HEAD. If we were bisecting before this, reset to the
-	# top-of-line master first!
+	# Verify HEAD.
 	#
-	head=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git-symbolic-ref HEAD) ||
-	die "Bad HEAD - I need a symbolic ref"
-	case "$head" in
-	refs/heads/bisect)
-		if [ -s "$GIT_DIR/head-name" ]; then
-		    branch=`cat "$GIT_DIR/head-name"`
-		else
-		    branch=master
-	        fi
-		git checkout $branch || exit
-		;;
-	refs/heads/*)
-		[ -s "$GIT_DIR/head-name" ] && die "won't bisect on seeked tree"
-		echo "$head" | sed 's#^refs/heads/##' >"$GIT_DIR/head-name"
-		;;
-	*)
-		die "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
-		;;
-	esac
+	head=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git symbolic-ref -q HEAD) ||
+	head=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
+	die "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 
 	#
-	# Get rid of any old bisect state
+	# Check if we are bisecting.
 	#
-	bisect_clean_state
-	mkdir "$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect"
+	start_head=''
+	if test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
+	then
+		# Reset to the rev from where we started.
+		start_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START")
+		git checkout "$start_head" -- || exit
+	else
+		# Get rev from where we start.
+		case "$head" in
+		refs/heads/*|$_x40)
+			# This error message should only be triggered by
+			# cogito usage, and cogito users should understand
+			# it relates to cg-seek.
+			[ -s "$GIT_DIR/head-name" ] &&
+				die "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+			start_head="${head#refs/heads/}"
+			;;
+		*)
+			die "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
+
+	#
+	# Get rid of any old bisect state.
+	#
+	bisect_clean_state || exit
 
 	#
 	# Check for one bad and then some good revisions.
@@ -89,82 +97,129 @@ bisect_start() {
 	for arg; do
 	    case "$arg" in --) has_double_dash=1; break ;; esac
 	done
-	orig_args=$(sq "$@")
+	orig_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")
 	bad_seen=0
+	eval=''
 	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
 	    arg="$1"
 	    case "$arg" in
 	    --)
-	        shift
+		shift
 		break
 		;;
 	    *)
-	        rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$arg^{commit}" 2>/dev/null) || {
+		rev=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$arg^{commit}") || {
 		    test $has_double_dash -eq 1 &&
 		        die "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 		    break
 		}
-		if [ $bad_seen -eq 0 ]; then
-		    bad_seen=1
-		    bisect_write_bad "$rev"
-		else
-		    bisect_write_good "$rev"
-		fi
-	        shift
+		case $bad_seen in
+		0) state='bad' ; bad_seen=1 ;;
+		*) state='good' ;;
+		esac
+		eval="$eval bisect_write '$state' '$rev' 'nolog'; "
+		shift
 		;;
 	    esac
-        done
+	done
 
-	sq "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES"
-	{
-	    printf "git-bisect start"
-	    echo "$orig_args"
-	} >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-	bisect_auto_next
-}
+	#
+	# Change state.
+	# In case of mistaken revs or checkout error, or signals received,
+	# "bisect_auto_next" below may exit or misbehave.
+	# We have to trap this to be able to clean up using
+	# "bisect_clean_state".
+	#
+	trap 'bisect_clean_state' 0
+	trap 'exit 255' 1 2 3 15
 
-bisect_bad() {
-	bisect_autostart
-	case "$#" in
-	0)
-		rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) ;;
-	1)
-		rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1^{commit}") ;;
-	*)
-		usage ;;
-	esac || exit
-	bisect_write_bad "$rev"
-	echo "git-bisect bad $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+	#
+	# Write new start state.
+	#
+	echo "$start_head" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" &&
+	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
+	eval "$eval" &&
+	echo "git bisect start$orig_args" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" || exit
+	#
+	# Check if we can proceed to the next bisect state.
+	#
 	bisect_auto_next
-}
 
-bisect_write_bad() {
-	rev="$1"
-	echo "$rev" >"$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/bad"
-	echo "# bad: "$(git-show-branch $rev) >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+	trap '-' 0
 }
 
-bisect_good() {
-	bisect_autostart
-        case "$#" in
-	0)    revs=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) || exit ;;
-	*)    revs=$(git-rev-parse --revs-only --no-flags "$@") &&
-		test '' != "$revs" || die "Bad rev input: $@" ;;
+bisect_write() {
+	state="$1"
+	rev="$2"
+	nolog="$3"
+	case "$state" in
+		bad)		tag="$state" ;;
+		good|skip)	tag="$state"-"$rev" ;;
+		*)		die "Bad bisect_write argument: $state" ;;
 	esac
-	for rev in $revs
-	do
-		rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$rev^{commit}") || exit
-		bisect_write_good "$rev"
-		echo "git-bisect good $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+	git update-ref "refs/bisect/$tag" "$rev" || exit
+	echo "# $state: $(git show-branch $rev)" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+	test -n "$nolog" || echo "git bisect $state $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+}
 
+is_expected_rev() {
+	test -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV" &&
+	test "$1" = $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
+}
+
+check_expected_revs() {
+	for _rev in "$@"; do
+		if ! is_expected_rev "$_rev"; then
+			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
+			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV"
+			return
+		fi
 	done
-	bisect_auto_next
 }
 
-bisect_write_good() {
-	rev="$1"
-	echo "$rev" >"$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/good-$rev"
-	echo "# good: "$(git-show-branch $rev) >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+bisect_skip() {
+        all=''
+	for arg in "$@"
+	do
+	    case "$arg" in
+            *..*)
+                revs=$(git rev-list "$arg") || die "Bad rev input: $arg" ;;
+            *)
+                revs=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$arg") ;;
+	    esac
+            all="$all $revs"
+        done
+        eval bisect_state 'skip' $all
+}
+
+bisect_state() {
+	bisect_autostart
+	state=$1
+	case "$#,$state" in
+	0,*)
+		die "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument." ;;
+	1,bad|1,good|1,skip)
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
+			die "Bad rev input: HEAD"
+		bisect_write "$state" "$rev"
+		check_expected_revs "$rev" ;;
+	2,bad|*,good|*,skip)
+		shift
+		eval=''
+		for rev in "$@"
+		do
+			sha=$(git rev-parse --verify "$rev^{commit}") ||
+				die "Bad rev input: $rev"
+			eval="$eval bisect_write '$state' '$sha'; "
+		done
+		eval "$eval"
+		check_expected_revs "$@" ;;
+	*,bad)
+		die "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument." ;;
+	*)
+		usage ;;
+	esac
+	bisect_auto_next
 }
 
 bisect_next_check() {
@@ -187,13 +242,14 @@ bisect_next_check() {
 		if test -t 0
 		then
 			printf >&2 'Are you sure [Y/n]? '
-			case "$(read yesno)" in [Nn]*) exit 1 ;; esac
+			read yesno
+			case "$yesno" in [Nn]*) exit 1 ;; esac
 		fi
 		: bisect without good...
 		;;
 	*)
 		THEN=''
-		test -d "$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect" || {
+		test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" || {
 			echo >&2 'You need to start by "git bisect start".'
 			THEN='then '
 		}
@@ -210,98 +266,96 @@ bisect_auto_next() {
 }
 
 bisect_next() {
-        case "$#" in 0) ;; *) usage ;; esac
+	case "$#" in 0) ;; *) usage ;; esac
 	bisect_autostart
 	bisect_next_check good
 
-	bad=$(git-rev-parse --verify refs/bisect/bad) &&
-	good=$(git for-each-ref --format='^%(objectname)' \
-		"refs/bisect/good-*" | tr '[\012]' ' ') &&
-	eval="git-rev-list --bisect-vars $good $bad --" &&
-	eval="$eval $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")" &&
-	eval=$(eval "$eval") &&
-	eval "$eval" || exit
-
-	if [ -z "$bisect_rev" ]; then
-		echo "$bad was both good and bad"
-		exit 1
-	fi
-	if [ "$bisect_rev" = "$bad" ]; then
-		echo "$bisect_rev is first bad commit"
-		git-diff-tree --pretty $bisect_rev
-		exit 0
-	fi
+	# Perform all bisection computation, display and checkout
+	git bisect--helper --next-all
+	res=$?
+
+        # Check if we should exit because bisection is finished
+	test $res -eq 10 && exit 0
 
-	echo "Bisecting: $bisect_nr revisions left to test after this"
-	echo "$bisect_rev" >"$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/new-bisect"
-	git checkout -q new-bisect || exit
-	mv "$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/new-bisect" "$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/bisect" &&
-	GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git-symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/bisect
-	git-show-branch "$bisect_rev"
+	# Check for an error in the bisection process
+	test $res -ne 0 && exit $res
+
+	return 0
 }
 
 bisect_visualize() {
 	bisect_next_check fail
-	not=`cd "$GIT_DIR/refs" && echo bisect/good-*`
-	eval gitk bisect/bad --not $not -- $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")
+
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		case "${DISPLAY+set}${SESSIONNAME+set}${MSYSTEM+set}${SECURITYSESSIONID+set}" in
+		'')	set git log ;;
+		set*)	set gitk ;;
+		esac
+	else
+		case "$1" in
+		git*|tig) ;;
+		-*)	set git log "$@" ;;
+		*)	set git "$@" ;;
+		esac
+	fi
+
+	not=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' "refs/bisect/good-*")
+	eval '"$@"' refs/bisect/bad --not $not -- $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")
 }
 
 bisect_reset() {
+	test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" || {
+		echo "We are not bisecting."
+		return
+	}
 	case "$#" in
-	0) if [ -s "$GIT_DIR/head-name" ]; then
-	       branch=`cat "$GIT_DIR/head-name"`
-	   else
-	       branch=master
-	   fi ;;
-	1) git-show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" || {
-	       echo >&2 "$1 does not seem to be a valid branch"
-	       exit 1
-	   }
+	0) branch=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START") ;;
+	1) git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" ||
+	       die "$1 does not seem to be a valid branch"
 	   branch="$1" ;;
-        *)
+	*)
 	    usage ;;
 	esac
-	if git checkout "$branch"; then
-		rm -f "$GIT_DIR/head-name"
-		bisect_clean_state
-	fi
+	git checkout "$branch" -- && bisect_clean_state
 }
 
 bisect_clean_state() {
-	rm -fr "$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect"
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/bisect"
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES"
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN"
+	# There may be some refs packed during bisection.
+	git for-each-ref --format='%(refname) %(objectname)' refs/bisect/\* |
+	while read ref hash
+	do
+		git update-ref -d $ref $hash || exit
+	done
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV" &&
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" &&
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" &&
+	# Cleanup head-name if it got left by an old version of git-bisect
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/head-name" &&
+
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
 }
 
 bisect_replay () {
-	test -r "$1" || {
-		echo >&2 "cannot read $1 for replaying"
-		exit 1
-	}
+	test -r "$1" || die "cannot read $1 for replaying"
 	bisect_reset
-	while read bisect command rev
+	while read git bisect command rev
 	do
-		test "$bisect" = "git-bisect" || continue
+		test "$git $bisect" = "git bisect" -o "$git" = "git-bisect" || continue
+		if test "$git" = "git-bisect"; then
+			rev="$command"
+			command="$bisect"
+		fi
 		case "$command" in
 		start)
 			cmd="bisect_start $rev"
-			eval "$cmd"
-			;;
-		good)
-			echo "$rev" >"$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/good-$rev"
-			echo "# good: "$(git-show-branch $rev) >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-			echo "git-bisect good $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-			;;
-		bad)
-			echo "$rev" >"$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/bad"
-			echo "# bad: "$(git-show-branch $rev) >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-			echo "git-bisect bad $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-			;;
+			eval "$cmd" ;;
+		good|bad|skip)
+			bisect_write "$command" "$rev" ;;
 		*)
-			echo >&2 "?? what are you talking about?"
-			exit 1 ;;
+			die "?? what are you talking about?" ;;
 		esac
 	done <"$1"
 	bisect_auto_next
@@ -323,24 +377,31 @@ bisect_run () {
 	  exit $res
       fi
 
-      # Use "bisect_good" or "bisect_bad"
-      # depending on run success or failure.
-      if [ $res -gt 0 ]; then
-	  next_bisect='bisect_bad'
+      # Find current state depending on run success or failure.
+      # A special exit code of 125 means cannot test.
+      if [ $res -eq 125 ]; then
+	  state='skip'
+      elif [ $res -gt 0 ]; then
+	  state='bad'
       else
-	  next_bisect='bisect_good'
+	  state='good'
       fi
 
-      # We have to use a subshell because bisect_good or
-      # bisect_bad functions can exit.
-      ( $next_bisect > "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" )
+      # We have to use a subshell because "bisect_state" can exit.
+      ( bisect_state $state > "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" )
       res=$?
 
       cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN"
 
+      if grep "first bad commit could be any of" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" \
+		> /dev/null; then
+	  echo >&2 "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+	  exit $res
+      fi
+
       if [ $res -ne 0 ]; then
 	  echo >&2 "bisect run failed:"
-	  echo >&2 "$next_bisect exited with error code $res"
+	  echo >&2 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 	  exit $res
       fi
 
@@ -360,16 +421,18 @@ case "$#" in
     cmd="$1"
     shift
     case "$cmd" in
+    help)
+        git bisect -h ;;
     start)
         bisect_start "$@" ;;
-    bad)
-        bisect_bad "$@" ;;
-    good)
-        bisect_good "$@" ;;
+    bad|good)
+        bisect_state "$cmd" "$@" ;;
+    skip)
+        bisect_skip "$@" ;;
     next)
         # Not sure we want "next" at the UI level anymore.
         bisect_next "$@" ;;
-    visualize)
+    visualize|view)
 	bisect_visualize "$@" ;;
     reset)
         bisect_reset "$@" ;;
diff --git a/git-clean.sh b/git-clean.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index db177a7886..0000000000
--- a/git-clean.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pavel Roskin
-#
-
-USAGE="[-d] [-n] [-q] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
-LONG_USAGE='Clean untracked files from the working directory
-	-d	remove directories as well
-	-n 	don'\''t remove anything, just show what would be done
-	-q	be quiet, only report errors
-	-x	remove ignored files as well
-	-X	remove only ignored files
-When optional <paths>... arguments are given, the paths
-affected are further limited to those that match them.'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-
-ignored=
-ignoredonly=
-cleandir=
-rmf="rm -f --"
-rmrf="rm -rf --"
-rm_refuse="echo Not removing"
-echo1="echo"
-
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-d)
-		cleandir=1
-		;;
-	-n)
-		rmf="echo Would remove"
-		rmrf="echo Would remove"
-		rm_refuse="echo Would not remove"
-		echo1=":"
-		;;
-	-q)
-		echo1=":"
-		;;
-	-x)
-		ignored=1
-		;;
-	-X)
-		ignoredonly=1
-		;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$ignored,$ignoredonly" in
-	1,1) usage;;
-esac
-
-if [ -z "$ignored" ]; then
-	excl="--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore"
-	if [ -f "$GIT_DIR/info/exclude" ]; then
-		excl_info="--exclude-from=$GIT_DIR/info/exclude"
-	fi
-	if [ "$ignoredonly" ]; then
-		excl="$excl --ignored"
-	fi
-fi
-
-git-ls-files --others --directory $excl ${excl_info:+"$excl_info"} -- "$@" |
-while read -r file; do
-	if [ -d "$file" -a ! -L "$file" ]; then
-		if [ -z "$cleandir" ]; then
-			$rm_refuse "$file"
-			continue
-		fi
-		$echo1 "Removing $file"
-		$rmrf "$file"
-	else
-		$echo1 "Removing $file"
-		$rmf "$file"
-	fi
-done
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index 139fc19108..9f941e42b1 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -4,22 +4,68 @@
 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
 
 #ifndef FLEX_ARRAY
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ < 3)
-#define FLEX_ARRAY 0
-#else
-#define FLEX_ARRAY /* empty */
+/*
+ * See if our compiler is known to support flexible array members.
+ */
+#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) && (!defined(__SUNPRO_C) || (__SUNPRO_C > 0x580))
+# define FLEX_ARRAY /* empty */
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# if (__GNUC__ >= 3)
+#  define FLEX_ARRAY /* empty */
+# else
+#  define FLEX_ARRAY 0 /* older GNU extension */
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Otherwise, default to safer but a bit wasteful traditional style
+ */
+#ifndef FLEX_ARRAY
+# define FLEX_ARRAY 1
 #endif
 #endif
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))
+#define bitsizeof(x)  (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(x))
 
-#if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define TYPEOF(x) (__typeof__(x))
+#else
+#define TYPEOF(x)
+#endif
+
+#define MSB(x, bits) ((x) & TYPEOF(x)(~0ULL << (bitsizeof(x) - (bits))))
+#define HAS_MULTI_BITS(i)  ((i) & ((i) - 1))  /* checks if an integer has more than 1 bit set */
+
+#define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
+
+/* Approximation of the length of the decimal representation of this type. */
+#define decimal_length(x)	((int)(sizeof(x) * 2.56 + 0.5) + 1)
+
+#if defined(__sun__)
+ /*
+  * On Solaris, when _XOPEN_EXTENDED is set, its header file
+  * forces the programs to be XPG4v2, defeating any _XOPEN_SOURCE
+  * setting to say we are XPG5 or XPG6.  Also on Solaris,
+  * XPG6 programs must be compiled with a c99 compiler, while
+  * non XPG6 programs must be compiled with a pre-c99 compiler.
+  */
+# if __STDC_VERSION__ - 0 >= 199901L
+# define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
+# else
+# define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
+# endif
+#elif !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)  && !defined(__USLC__) && !defined(_M_UNIX) && !defined(sgi)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* glibc2 and AIX 5.3L need 500, OpenBSD needs 600 for S_ISLNK() */
+#ifndef __sun__
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1 /* AIX 5.3L needs this */
 #endif
+#endif
 #define _ALL_SOURCE 1
 #define _GNU_SOURCE 1
 #define _BSD_SOURCE 1
+#define _NETBSD_SOURCE 1
+#define _SGI_SOURCE 1
 
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -37,12 +83,18 @@
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <signal.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <fnmatch.h>
-#include <sys/poll.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <regex.h>
+#include <utime.h>
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#ifndef NO_SYS_SELECT_H
+#include <sys/select.h>
+#endif
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
@@ -53,16 +105,33 @@
 #undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
 #include <grp.h>
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
+#include "compat/cygwin.h"
 #else
 #undef _ALL_SOURCE /* AIX 5.3L defines a struct list with _ALL_SOURCE. */
 #include <grp.h>
 #define _ALL_SOURCE 1
 #endif
+#else 	/* __MINGW32__ */
+/* pull in Windows compatibility stuff */
+#include "compat/mingw.h"
+#endif	/* __MINGW32__ */
+
+#ifndef NO_LIBGEN_H
+#include <libgen.h>
+#else
+#define basename gitbasename
+extern char *gitbasename(char *);
+#endif
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
 #include <iconv.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#endif
+
 /* On most systems <limits.h> would have given us this, but
  * not on some systems (e.g. GNU/Hurd).
  */
@@ -74,6 +143,30 @@
 #define PRIuMAX "llu"
 #endif
 
+#ifndef PRIu32
+#define PRIu32 "u"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIx32
+#define PRIx32 "x"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PATH_SEP
+#define PATH_SEP ':'
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STRIP_EXTENSION
+#define STRIP_EXTENSION ""
+#endif
+
+#ifndef has_dos_drive_prefix
+#define has_dos_drive_prefix(path) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef is_dir_sep
+#define is_dir_sep(c) ((c) == '/')
+#endif
+
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
 #else
@@ -86,15 +179,22 @@
 /* General helper functions */
 extern void usage(const char *err) NORETURN;
 extern void die(const char *err, ...) NORETURN __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern void die_errno(const char *err, ...) NORETURN __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern int error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern void warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
-extern void set_usage_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err) NORETURN);
 extern void set_die_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN);
-extern void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
-extern void set_warn_routine(void (*routine)(const char *warn, va_list params));
 
-#ifdef NO_MMAP
+extern int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix);
+extern time_t tm_to_time_t(const struct tm *tm);
+
+static inline const char *skip_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
+{
+	size_t len = strlen(prefix);
+	return strncmp(str, prefix, len) ? NULL : str + len;
+}
+
+#if defined(NO_MMAP) || defined(USE_WIN32_MMAP)
 
 #ifndef PROT_READ
 #define PROT_READ 1
@@ -108,13 +208,19 @@ extern void set_warn_routine(void (*routine)(const char *warn, va_list params));
 extern void *git_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
 extern int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length);
 
+#else /* NO_MMAP || USE_WIN32_MMAP */
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+
+#endif /* NO_MMAP || USE_WIN32_MMAP */
+
+#ifdef NO_MMAP
+
 /* This value must be multiple of (pagesize * 2) */
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE (1 * 1024 * 1024)
 
 #else /* NO_MMAP */
 
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-
 /* This value must be multiple of (pagesize * 2) */
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE \
 	(sizeof(void*) >= 8 \
@@ -123,6 +229,12 @@ extern int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length);
 
 #endif /* NO_MMAP */
 
+#ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
+#define on_disk_bytes(st) ((st).st_size)
+#else
+#define on_disk_bytes(st) ((st).st_blocks * 512)
+#endif
+
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT \
 	((1024L * 1024L) * (sizeof(void*) >= 8 ? 8192 : 256))
 
@@ -130,12 +242,28 @@ extern int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length);
 #define pread git_pread
 extern ssize_t git_pread(int fd, void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset);
 #endif
+/*
+ * Forward decl that will remind us if its twin in cache.h changes.
+ * This function is used in compat/pread.c.  But we can't include
+ * cache.h there.
+ */
+extern ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
 
 #ifdef NO_SETENV
 #define setenv gitsetenv
 extern int gitsetenv(const char *, const char *, int);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_MKDTEMP
+#define mkdtemp gitmkdtemp
+extern char *gitmkdtemp(char *);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
+#define mkstemps gitmkstemps
+extern int gitmkstemps(char *, int);
+#endif
+
 #ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 #define unsetenv gitunsetenv
 extern void gitunsetenv(const char *);
@@ -156,107 +284,66 @@ extern size_t gitstrlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
 extern uintmax_t gitstrtoumax(const char *, char **, int);
 #endif
 
-extern void release_pack_memory(size_t);
-
-static inline char* xstrdup(const char *str)
-{
-	char *ret = strdup(str);
-	if (!ret) {
-		release_pack_memory(strlen(str) + 1);
-		ret = strdup(str);
-		if (!ret)
-			die("Out of memory, strdup failed");
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
+#ifdef NO_HSTRERROR
+#define hstrerror githstrerror
+extern const char *githstrerror(int herror);
+#endif
 
-static inline void *xmalloc(size_t size)
-{
-	void *ret = malloc(size);
-	if (!ret && !size)
-		ret = malloc(1);
-	if (!ret) {
-		release_pack_memory(size);
-		ret = malloc(size);
-		if (!ret && !size)
-			ret = malloc(1);
-		if (!ret)
-			die("Out of memory, malloc failed");
-	}
-#ifdef XMALLOC_POISON
-	memset(ret, 0xA5, size);
-#endif
-	return ret;
-}
+#ifdef NO_MEMMEM
+#define memmem gitmemmem
+void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystacklen,
+                const void *needle, size_t needlelen);
+#endif
 
-static inline void *xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
-{
-	void *ret = realloc(ptr, size);
-	if (!ret && !size)
-		ret = realloc(ptr, 1);
-	if (!ret) {
-		release_pack_memory(size);
-		ret = realloc(ptr, size);
-		if (!ret && !size)
-			ret = realloc(ptr, 1);
-		if (!ret)
-			die("Out of memory, realloc failed");
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
+#ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+#ifdef fopen
+#undef fopen
+#endif
+#define fopen(a,b) git_fopen(a,b)
+extern FILE *git_fopen(const char*, const char*);
+#endif
 
-static inline void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
-{
-	void *ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
-	if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
-		ret = calloc(1, 1);
-	if (!ret) {
-		release_pack_memory(nmemb * size);
-		ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
-		if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
-			ret = calloc(1, 1);
-		if (!ret)
-			die("Out of memory, calloc failed");
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
+#ifdef SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS
+#define snprintf git_snprintf
+extern int git_snprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize,
+			const char *format, ...);
+#define vsnprintf git_vsnprintf
+extern int git_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize,
+			 const char *format, va_list ap);
+#endif
 
-static inline void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
-	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
-{
-	void *ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
-		if (!length)
-			return NULL;
-		release_pack_memory(length);
-		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
-			die("Out of memory? mmap failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
+#ifdef __GLIBC_PREREQ
+#if __GLIBC_PREREQ(2, 1)
+#define HAVE_STRCHRNUL
+#endif
+#endif
 
-static inline ssize_t xread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
+#ifndef HAVE_STRCHRNUL
+#define strchrnul gitstrchrnul
+static inline char *gitstrchrnul(const char *s, int c)
 {
-	ssize_t nr;
-	while (1) {
-		nr = read(fd, buf, len);
-		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
-			continue;
-		return nr;
-	}
+	while (*s && *s != c)
+		s++;
+	return (char *)s;
 }
+#endif
 
-static inline ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
-{
-	ssize_t nr;
-	while (1) {
-		nr = write(fd, buf, len);
-		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
-			continue;
-		return nr;
-	}
-}
+extern void release_pack_memory(size_t, int);
+
+extern char *xstrdup(const char *str);
+extern void *xmalloc(size_t size);
+extern void *xmemdupz(const void *data, size_t len);
+extern char *xstrndup(const char *str, size_t len);
+extern void *xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
+extern void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
+extern void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
+extern ssize_t xread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len);
+extern ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len);
+extern int xdup(int fd);
+extern FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode);
+extern int xmkstemp(char *template);
+extern int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern);
+extern int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 static inline size_t xsize_t(off_t len)
 {
@@ -271,6 +358,7 @@ static inline int has_extension(const char *filename, const char *ext)
 }
 
 /* Sane ctype - no locale, and works with signed chars */
+#undef isascii
 #undef isspace
 #undef isdigit
 #undef isalpha
@@ -281,11 +369,16 @@ extern unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
 #define GIT_SPACE 0x01
 #define GIT_DIGIT 0x02
 #define GIT_ALPHA 0x04
+#define GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL 0x08
+#define GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL 0x10
 #define sane_istest(x,mask) ((sane_ctype[(unsigned char)(x)] & (mask)) != 0)
+#define isascii(x) (((x) & ~0x7f) == 0)
 #define isspace(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_SPACE)
 #define isdigit(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_DIGIT)
 #define isalpha(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA)
 #define isalnum(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA | GIT_DIGIT)
+#define is_glob_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL)
+#define is_regex_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL)
 #define tolower(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0x20)
 #define toupper(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0)
 
@@ -296,9 +389,68 @@ static inline int sane_case(int x, int high)
 	return x;
 }
 
-static inline int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix)
+static inline int strtoul_ui(char const *s, int base, unsigned int *result)
+{
+	unsigned long ul;
+	char *p;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	ul = strtoul(s, &p, base);
+	if (errno || *p || p == s || (unsigned int) ul != ul)
+		return -1;
+	*result = ul;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int strtol_i(char const *s, int base, int *result)
 {
-	return strncmp(str, prefix, strlen(prefix));
+	long ul;
+	char *p;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	ul = strtol(s, &p, base);
+	if (errno || *p || p == s || (int) ul != ul)
+		return -1;
+	*result = ul;
+	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
+void git_qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
+	       int(*compar)(const void *, const void *));
+#define qsort git_qsort
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
+# define FORCE_DIR_SET_GID S_ISGID
+#else
+# define FORCE_DIR_SET_GID 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NO_NSEC
+#undef USE_NSEC
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) 0
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) 0
+#else
+#ifdef USE_ST_TIMESPEC
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_ctimespec.tv_nsec))
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_mtimespec.tv_nsec))
+#else
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_ctim.tv_nsec))
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_mtim.tv_nsec))
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef UNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+#define fstat_is_reliable() 0
+#else
+#define fstat_is_reliable() 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Preserves errno, prints a message, but gives no warning for ENOENT.
+ * Always returns the return value of unlink(2).
+ */
+int unlink_or_warn(const char *path);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
index 67224b4449..59b672213b 100755
--- a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
+++ b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
@@ -1,28 +1,48 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
-# Known limitations:
-# - does not propagate permissions
-# - error handling has not been extensively tested
-#
-
 use strict;
 use Getopt::Std;
 use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
 use Data::Dumper;
 use File::Basename qw(basename dirname);
+use File::Spec;
+use Git;
 
-unless ($ENV{GIT_DIR} && -r $ENV{GIT_DIR}){
-    die "GIT_DIR is not defined or is unreadable";
-}
-
-our ($opt_h, $opt_P, $opt_p, $opt_v, $opt_c, $opt_f, $opt_a, $opt_m, $opt_d);
+our ($opt_h, $opt_P, $opt_p, $opt_v, $opt_c, $opt_f, $opt_a, $opt_m, $opt_d, $opt_u, $opt_w, $opt_W, $opt_k);
 
-getopts('hPpvcfam:d:');
+getopts('uhPpvcfkam:d:w:W');
 
 $opt_h && usage();
 
 die "Need at least one commit identifier!" unless @ARGV;
 
+# Get git-config settings
+my $repo = Git->repository();
+$opt_w = $repo->config('cvsexportcommit.cvsdir') unless defined $opt_w;
+
+if ($opt_w || $opt_W) {
+	# Remember where GIT_DIR is before changing to CVS checkout
+	unless ($ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
+		# No GIT_DIR set. Figure it out for ourselves
+		my $gd =`git-rev-parse --git-dir`;
+		chomp($gd);
+		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $gd;
+	}
+	# Make sure GIT_DIR is absolute
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = File::Spec->rel2abs($ENV{GIT_DIR});
+}
+
+if ($opt_w) {
+	if (! -d $opt_w."/CVS" ) {
+		die "$opt_w is not a CVS checkout";
+	}
+	chdir $opt_w or die "Cannot change to CVS checkout at $opt_w";
+}
+unless ($ENV{GIT_DIR} && -r $ENV{GIT_DIR}){
+    die "GIT_DIR is not defined or is unreadable";
+}
+
+
 my @cvs;
 if ($opt_d) {
 	@cvs = ('cvs', '-d', $opt_d);
@@ -30,11 +50,6 @@ if ($opt_d) {
 	@cvs = ('cvs');
 }
 
-# setup a tempdir
-our ($tmpdir, $tmpdirname) = tempdir('git-cvsapplycommit-XXXXXX',
-				     TMPDIR => 1,
-				     CLEANUP => 1);
-
 # resolve target commit
 my $commit;
 $commit = pop @ARGV;
@@ -87,6 +102,7 @@ foreach my $line (@commit) {
     }
 }
 
+my $noparent = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
 if ($parent) {
     my $found;
     # double check that it's a valid parent
@@ -100,11 +116,22 @@ if ($parent) {
 } else { # we don't have a parent from the cmdline...
     if (@parents == 1) { # it's safe to get it from the commit
 	$parent = $parents[0];
-    } else { # or perhaps not!
-	die "This commit has more than one parent -- please name the parent you want to use explicitly";
+    } elsif (@parents == 0) { # there is no parent
+        $parent = $noparent;
+    } else { # cannot choose automatically from multiple parents
+        die "This commit has more than one parent -- please name the parent you want to use explicitly";
     }
 }
 
+my $go_back_to = 0;
+
+if ($opt_W) {
+    $opt_v && print "Resetting to $parent\n";
+    $go_back_to = `git symbolic-ref HEAD 2> /dev/null ||
+	git rev-parse HEAD` || die "Could not determine current branch";
+    system("git checkout -q $parent^0") && die "Could not check out $parent^0";
+}
+
 $opt_v && print "Applying to CVS commit $commit from parent $parent\n";
 
 # grab the commit message
@@ -121,15 +148,24 @@ if ($opt_a) {
 }
 close MSG;
 
-`git-diff-tree --binary -p $parent $commit >.cvsexportcommit.diff`;# || die "Cannot diff";
+if ($parent eq $noparent) {
+    `git-diff-tree --binary -p --root $commit >.cvsexportcommit.diff`;# || die "Cannot diff";
+} else {
+    `git-diff-tree --binary -p $parent $commit >.cvsexportcommit.diff`;# || die "Cannot diff";
+}
 
 ## apply non-binary changes
-my $fuzz = $opt_p ? 0 : 2;
+
+# In pedantic mode require all lines of context to match.  In normal
+# mode, be compatible with diff/patch: assume 3 lines of context and
+# require at least one line match, i.e. ignore at most 2 lines of
+# context, like diff/patch do by default.
+my $context = $opt_p ? '' : '-C1';
 
 print "Checking if patch will apply\n";
 
 my @stat;
-open APPLY, "GIT_DIR= git-apply -C$fuzz --binary --summary --numstat<.cvsexportcommit.diff|" || die "cannot patch";
+open APPLY, "GIT_DIR= git-apply $context --summary --numstat<.cvsexportcommit.diff|" || die "cannot patch";
 @stat=<APPLY>;
 close APPLY || die "Cannot patch";
 my (@bfiles,@files,@afiles,@dfiles);
@@ -155,38 +191,123 @@ foreach my $p (@afiles) {
     }
 }
 
+# ... check dirs,
 foreach my $d (@dirs) {
     if (-e $d) {
 	$dirty = 1;
 	warn "$d exists and is not a directory!\n";
     }
 }
-foreach my $f (@afiles) {
-    # This should return only one value
-    if ($f =~ m,(.*)/[^/]*$,) {
-	my $p = $1;
-	next if (grep { $_ eq $p } @dirs);
+
+# ... query status of all files that we have a directory for and parse output of 'cvs status' to %cvsstat.
+my @canstatusfiles;
+foreach my $f (@files) {
+    my $path = dirname $f;
+    next if (grep { $_ eq $path } @dirs);
+    push @canstatusfiles, $f;
+}
+
+my %cvsstat;
+if (@canstatusfiles) {
+    if ($opt_u) {
+      my @updated = xargs_safe_pipe_capture([@cvs, 'update'], @canstatusfiles);
+      print @updated;
     }
-    my @status = grep(m/^File/,  safe_pipe_capture(@cvs, '-q', 'status' ,$f));
-    if (@status > 1) { warn 'Strange! cvs status returned more than one line?'};
-    if (-d dirname $f and $status[0] !~ m/Status: Unknown$/
-	and $status[0] !~ m/^File: no file /) {
- 	$dirty = 1;
-	warn "File $f is already known in your CVS checkout -- perhaps it has been added by another user. Or this may indicate that it exists on a different branch. If this is the case, use -f to force the merge.\n";
-	warn "Status was: $status[0]\n";
+    # "cvs status" reorders the parameters, notably when there are multiple
+    # arguments with the same basename.  So be precise here.
+
+    my %added = map { $_ => 1 } @afiles;
+    my %todo = map { $_ => 1 } @canstatusfiles;
+
+    while (%todo) {
+      my @canstatusfiles2 = ();
+      my %fullname = ();
+      foreach my $name (keys %todo) {
+	my $basename = basename($name);
+
+	# CVS reports files that don't exist in the current revision as
+	# "no file $basename" in its "status" output, so we should
+	# anticipate that.  Totally unknown files will have a status
+	# "Unknown". However, if they exist in the Attic, their status
+	# will be "Up-to-date" (this means they were added once but have
+	# been removed).
+	$basename = "no file $basename" if $added{$basename};
+
+	$basename =~ s/^\s+//;
+	$basename =~ s/\s+$//;
+
+	if (!exists($fullname{$basename})) {
+	  $fullname{$basename} = $name;
+	  push (@canstatusfiles2, $name);
+	  delete($todo{$name});
+	}
+      }
+      my @cvsoutput;
+      @cvsoutput = xargs_safe_pipe_capture([@cvs, 'status'], @canstatusfiles2);
+      foreach my $l (@cvsoutput) {
+	chomp $l;
+	next unless
+	    my ($file, $status) = $l =~ /^File:\s+(.*\S)\s+Status: (.*)$/;
+
+	my $fullname = $fullname{$file};
+	print STDERR "Huh? Status '$status' reported for unexpected file '$file'\n"
+	    unless defined $fullname;
+
+	# This response means the file does not exist except in
+	# CVS's attic, so set the status accordingly
+	$status = "In-attic"
+	    if $file =~ /^no file /
+		&& $status eq 'Up-to-date';
+
+	$cvsstat{$fullname{$file}} = $status
+	    if defined $fullname{$file};
+      }
     }
 }
 
+# ... Validate that new files have the correct status
+foreach my $f (@afiles) {
+    next unless defined(my $stat = $cvsstat{$f});
+
+    # This means the file has never been seen before
+    next if $stat eq 'Unknown';
+
+    # This means the file has been seen before but was removed
+    next if $stat eq 'In-attic';
+
+    $dirty = 1;
+	warn "File $f is already known in your CVS checkout -- perhaps it has been added by another user. Or this may indicate that it exists on a different branch. If this is the case, use -f to force the merge.\n";
+	warn "Status was: $cvsstat{$f}\n";
+}
+
+# ... validate known files.
 foreach my $f (@files) {
     next if grep { $_ eq $f } @afiles;
     # TODO:we need to handle removed in cvs
-    my @status = grep(m/^File/,  safe_pipe_capture(@cvs, '-q', 'status' ,$f));
-    if (@status > 1) { warn 'Strange! cvs status returned more than one line?'};
-    unless ($status[0] =~ m/Status: Up-to-date$/) {
+    unless (defined ($cvsstat{$f}) and $cvsstat{$f} eq "Up-to-date") {
 	$dirty = 1;
-	warn "File $f not up to date in your CVS checkout!\n";
+	warn "File $f not up to date but has status '$cvsstat{$f}' in your CVS checkout!\n";
+    }
+
+    # Depending on how your GIT tree got imported from CVS you may
+    # have a conflict between expanded keywords in your CVS tree and
+    # unexpanded keywords in the patch about to be applied.
+    if ($opt_k) {
+	my $orig_file ="$f.orig";
+	rename $f, $orig_file;
+	open(FILTER_IN, "<$orig_file") or die "Cannot open $orig_file\n";
+	open(FILTER_OUT, ">$f") or die "Cannot open $f\n";
+	while (<FILTER_IN>)
+	{
+	    my $line = $_;
+	    $line =~ s/\$([A-Z][a-z]+):[^\$]+\$/\$$1\$/g;
+	    print FILTER_OUT $line;
+	}
+	close FILTER_IN;
+	close FILTER_OUT;
     }
 }
+
 if ($dirty) {
     if ($opt_f) {	warn "The tree is not clean -- forced merge\n";
 	$dirty = 0;
@@ -196,10 +317,25 @@ if ($dirty) {
 }
 
 print "Applying\n";
-`GIT_DIR= git-apply -C$fuzz --binary --summary --numstat --apply <.cvsexportcommit.diff` || die "cannot patch";
+if ($opt_W) {
+    system("git checkout -q $commit^0") && die "cannot patch";
+} else {
+    `GIT_DIR= git-apply $context --summary --numstat --apply <.cvsexportcommit.diff` || die "cannot patch";
+}
 
 print "Patch applied successfully. Adding new files and directories to CVS\n";
 my $dirtypatch = 0;
+
+#
+# We have to add the directories in order otherwise we will have
+# problems when we try and add the sub-directory of a directory we
+# have not added yet.
+#
+# Luckily this is easy to deal with by sorting the directories and
+# dealing with the shortest ones first.
+#
+@dirs = sort { length $a <=> length $b} @dirs;
+
 foreach my $d (@dirs) {
     if (system(@cvs,'add',$d)) {
 	$dirtypatch = 1;
@@ -237,13 +373,16 @@ if ($dirtypatch) {
     print "You'll need to apply the patch in .cvsexportcommit.diff manually\n";
     print "using a patch program. After applying the patch and resolving the\n";
     print "problems you may commit using:";
-    print "\n    $cmd\n\n";
+    print "\n    cd \"$opt_w\"" if $opt_w;
+    print "\n    $cmd\n";
+    print "\n    git checkout $go_back_to\n" if $go_back_to;
+    print "\n";
     exit(1);
 }
 
 if ($opt_c) {
     print "Autocommit\n  $cmd\n";
-    print safe_pipe_capture(@cvs, 'commit', '-F', '.msg', @files);
+    print xargs_safe_pipe_capture([@cvs, 'commit', '-F', '.msg'], @files);
     if ($?) {
 	die "Exiting: The commit did not succeed";
     }
@@ -257,9 +396,22 @@ if ($opt_c) {
 # clean up
 unlink(".cvsexportcommit.diff");
 
+if ($opt_W) {
+    system("git checkout $go_back_to") && die "cannot move back to $go_back_to";
+    if (!($go_back_to =~ /^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/)) {
+	system("git symbolic-ref HEAD $go_back_to") &&
+	    die "cannot move back to $go_back_to";
+    }
+}
+
+# CVS version 1.11.x and 1.12.x sleeps the wrong way to ensure the timestamp
+# used by CVS and the one set by subsequence file modifications are different.
+# If they are not different CVS will not detect changes.
+sleep(1);
+
 sub usage {
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git ${\basename $0} [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
+Usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git git cvsexportcommit [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-u] [-k] [-w cvsworkdir] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
 END
 	exit(1);
 }
@@ -278,15 +430,24 @@ sub safe_pipe_capture {
     return wantarray ? @output : join('',@output);
 }
 
-sub safe_pipe_capture_blob {
-    my $output;
-    if (my $pid = open my $child, '-|') {
-        local $/;
-	undef $/;
-	$output = (<$child>);
-	close $child or die join(' ',@_).": $! $?";
-    } else {
-	exec(@_) or die "$! $?"; # exec() can fail the executable can't be found
-    }
-    return $output;
+sub xargs_safe_pipe_capture {
+	my $MAX_ARG_LENGTH = 65536;
+	my $cmd = shift;
+	my @output;
+	my $output;
+	while(@_) {
+		my @args;
+		my $length = 0;
+		while(@_ && $length < $MAX_ARG_LENGTH) {
+			push @args, shift;
+			$length += length($args[$#args]);
+		}
+		if (wantarray) {
+			push @output, safe_pipe_capture(@$cmd, @args);
+		}
+		else {
+			$output .= safe_pipe_capture(@$cmd, @args);
+		}
+	}
+	return wantarray ? @output : $output;
 }
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index ac74bc51b3..e439202961 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 use strict;
 use warnings;
-use Getopt::Std;
+use Getopt::Long;
 use File::Spec;
 use File::Temp qw(tempfile tmpnam);
 use File::Path qw(mkpath);
@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ use IPC::Open2;
 $SIG{'PIPE'}="IGNORE";
 $ENV{'TZ'}="UTC";
 
-our ($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_k,$opt_u,$opt_d,$opt_p,$opt_C,$opt_z,$opt_i,$opt_P, $opt_s,$opt_m,$opt_M,$opt_A,$opt_S,$opt_L, $opt_a);
+our ($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_k,$opt_u,$opt_d,$opt_p,$opt_C,$opt_z,$opt_i,$opt_P, $opt_s,$opt_m,@opt_M,$opt_A,$opt_S,$opt_L, $opt_a, $opt_r);
 my (%conv_author_name, %conv_author_email);
 
 sub usage(;$) {
 	my $msg = shift;
 	print(STDERR "Error: $msg\n") if $msg;
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from CVS
+Usage: git cvsimport     # fetch/update GIT from CVS
        [-o branch-for-HEAD] [-h] [-v] [-d CVSROOT] [-A author-conv-file]
        [-p opts-for-cvsps] [-P file] [-C GIT_repository] [-z fuzz] [-i] [-k]
        [-u] [-s subst] [-a] [-m] [-M regex] [-S regex] [-L commitlimit]
-       [CVS_module]
+       [-r remote] [CVS_module]
 END
 	exit(1);
 }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ sub write_author_info($) {
 	close ($f);
 }
 
-# convert getopts specs for use by git-repo-config
+# convert getopts specs for use by git config
 sub read_repo_config {
     # Split the string between characters, unless there is a ':'
     # So "abc:de" becomes ["a", "b", "c:", "d", "e"]
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ sub read_repo_config {
 	foreach my $o (@opts) {
 		my $key = $o;
 		$key =~ s/://g;
-		my $arg = 'git-repo-config';
+		my $arg = 'git config';
 		$arg .= ' --bool' if ($o !~ /:$/);
 
         chomp(my $tmp = `$arg --get cvsimport.$key`);
@@ -108,17 +108,22 @@ sub read_repo_config {
             }
 		}
 	}
-    if (@ARGV == 0) {
-        chomp(my $module = `git-repo-config --get cvsimport.module`);
-        push(@ARGV, $module);
-    }
 }
 
-my $opts = "haivmkuo:d:p:C:z:s:M:P:A:S:L:";
+my $opts = "haivmkuo:d:p:r:C:z:s:M:P:A:S:L:";
 read_repo_config($opts);
-getopts($opts) or usage();
+Getopt::Long::Configure( 'no_ignore_case', 'bundling' );
+
+# turn the Getopt::Std specification in a Getopt::Long one,
+# with support for multiple -M options
+GetOptions( map { s/:/=s/; /M/ ? "$_\@" : $_ } split( /(?!:)/, $opts ) )
+    or usage();
 usage if $opt_h;
 
+if (@ARGV == 0) {
+		chomp(my $module = `git config --get cvsimport.module`);
+		push(@ARGV, $module) if $? == 0;
+}
 @ARGV <= 1 or usage("You can't specify more than one CVS module");
 
 if ($opt_d) {
@@ -134,18 +139,26 @@ if ($opt_d) {
 } else {
 	usage("CVSROOT needs to be set");
 }
-$opt_o ||= "origin";
 $opt_s ||= "-";
 $opt_a ||= 0;
 
 my $git_tree = $opt_C;
 $git_tree ||= ".";
 
+my $remote;
+if (defined $opt_r) {
+	$remote = 'refs/remotes/' . $opt_r;
+	$opt_o ||= "master";
+} else {
+	$opt_o ||= "origin";
+	$remote = 'refs/heads';
+}
+
 my $cvs_tree;
 if ($#ARGV == 0) {
 	$cvs_tree = $ARGV[0];
 } elsif (-f 'CVS/Repository') {
-	open my $f, '<', 'CVS/Repository' or 
+	open my $f, '<', 'CVS/Repository' or
 	    die 'Failed to open CVS/Repository';
 	$cvs_tree = <$f>;
 	chomp $cvs_tree;
@@ -156,10 +169,10 @@ if ($#ARGV == 0) {
 
 our @mergerx = ();
 if ($opt_m) {
-	@mergerx = ( qr/\W(?:from|of|merge|merging|merged) (\w+)/i );
+	@mergerx = ( qr/\b(?:from|of|merge|merging|merged) ([-\w]+)/i );
 }
-if ($opt_M) {
-	push (@mergerx, qr/$opt_M/);
+if (@opt_M) {
+	push (@mergerx, map { qr/$_/ } @opt_M);
 }
 
 # Remember UTC of our starting time
@@ -214,8 +227,10 @@ sub conn {
 				$proxyport = $1;
 			}
 		}
+		$repo ||= '/';
 
-		$user="anonymous" unless defined $user;
+		# if username is not explicit in CVSROOT, then use current user, as cvs would
+		$user=(getlogin() || $ENV{'LOGNAME'} || $ENV{'USER'} || "anonymous") unless $user;
 		my $rr2 = "-";
 		unless ($port) {
 			$rr2 = ":pserver:$user\@$serv:$repo";
@@ -434,7 +449,7 @@ sub file {
 	my ($self,$fn,$rev) = @_;
 	my $res;
 
-	my ($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitcvs.XXXXXX', 
+	my ($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitcvs.XXXXXX',
 		    DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir(), UNLINK => 1);
 
 	$self->_file($fn,$rev) and $res = $self->_line($fh);
@@ -518,18 +533,12 @@ sub is_sha1 {
 	return $s =~ /^[a-f0-9]{40}$/;
 }
 
-sub get_headref ($$) {
-    my $name    = shift;
-    my $git_dir = shift; 
-    
-    my $f = "$git_dir/refs/heads/$name";
-    if (open(my $fh, $f)) {
-	    chomp(my $r = <$fh>);
-	    is_sha1($r) or die "Cannot get head id for $name ($r): $!";
-	    return $r;
-    }
-    die "unable to open $f: $!" unless $! == POSIX::ENOENT;
-    return undef;
+sub get_headref ($) {
+	my $name = shift;
+	my $r = `git rev-parse --verify '$name' 2>/dev/null`;
+	return undef unless $? == 0;
+	chomp $r;
+	return $r;
 }
 
 -d $git_tree
@@ -559,11 +568,6 @@ unless (-d $git_dir) {
 	$last_branch = $opt_o;
 	$orig_branch = "";
 } else {
-	-f "$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o"
-		or die "Branch '$opt_o' does not exist.\n".
-		       "Either use the correct '-o branch' option,\n".
-		       "or import to a new repository.\n";
-
 	open(F, "git-symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
 		die "Cannot run git-symbolic-ref: $!\n";
 	chomp ($last_branch = <F>);
@@ -578,16 +582,21 @@ unless (-d $git_dir) {
 
 	# Get the last import timestamps
 	my $fmt = '($ref, $author) = (%(refname), %(author));';
-	open(H, "git-for-each-ref --perl --format='$fmt' refs/heads |") or
+	open(H, "git-for-each-ref --perl --format='$fmt' $remote |") or
 		die "Cannot run git-for-each-ref: $!\n";
 	while (defined(my $entry = <H>)) {
 		my ($ref, $author);
 		eval($entry) || die "cannot eval refs list: $@";
-		my ($head) = ($ref =~ m|^refs/heads/(.*)|);
+		my ($head) = ($ref =~ m|^$remote/(.*)|);
 		$author =~ /^.*\s(\d+)\s[-+]\d{4}$/;
 		$branch_date{$head} = $1;
 	}
 	close(H);
+        if (!exists $branch_date{$opt_o}) {
+		die "Branch '$opt_o' does not exist.\n".
+		       "Either use the correct '-o branch' option,\n".
+		       "or import to a new repository.\n";
+        }
 }
 
 -d $git_dir
@@ -629,6 +638,7 @@ unless ($opt_P) {
 	    print $cvspsfh $_;
 	}
 	close CVSPS;
+	$? == 0 or die "git-cvsimport: fatal: cvsps reported error\n";
 	close $cvspsfh;
 } else {
 	$cvspsfile = $opt_P;
@@ -689,11 +699,12 @@ my (@old,@new,@skipped,%ignorebranch);
 $ignorebranch{'#CVSPS_NO_BRANCH'} = 1;
 
 sub commit {
-	if ($branch eq $opt_o && !$index{branch} && !get_headref($branch, $git_dir)) {
+	if ($branch eq $opt_o && !$index{branch} &&
+		!get_headref("$remote/$branch")) {
 	    # looks like an initial commit
 	    # use the index primed by git-init
-	    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = '.git/index';
-	    $index{$branch} = '.git/index';
+	    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$git_dir/index";
+	    $index{$branch} = "$git_dir/index";
 	} else {
 	    # use an index per branch to speed up
 	    # imports of projects with many branches
@@ -701,9 +712,9 @@ sub commit {
 		$index{$branch} = tmpnam();
 		$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $index{$branch};
 		if ($ancestor) {
-		    system("git-read-tree", $ancestor);
+		    system("git-read-tree", "$remote/$ancestor");
 		} else {
-		    system("git-read-tree", $branch);
+		    system("git-read-tree", "$remote/$branch");
 		}
 		die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	    }
@@ -713,7 +724,7 @@ sub commit {
 	update_index(@old, @new);
 	@old = @new = ();
 	my $tree = write_tree();
-	my $parent = get_headref($last_branch, $git_dir);
+	my $parent = get_headref("$remote/$last_branch");
 	print "Parent ID " . ($parent ? $parent : "(empty)") . "\n" if $opt_v;
 
 	my @commit_args;
@@ -724,8 +735,8 @@ sub commit {
 	foreach my $rx (@mergerx) {
 		next unless $logmsg =~ $rx && $1;
 		my $mparent = $1 eq 'HEAD' ? $opt_o : $1;
-		if (my $sha1 = get_headref($mparent, $git_dir)) {
-			push @commit_args, '-p', $mparent;
+		if (my $sha1 = get_headref("$remote/$mparent")) {
+			push @commit_args, '-p', "$remote/$mparent";
 			print "Merge parent branch: $mparent\n" if $opt_v;
 		}
 	}
@@ -762,40 +773,18 @@ sub commit {
 	waitpid($pid,0);
 	die "Error running git-commit-tree: $?\n" if $?;
 
-	system("git-update-ref refs/heads/$branch $cid") == 0
+	system('git-update-ref', "$remote/$branch", $cid) == 0
 		or die "Cannot write branch $branch for update: $!\n";
 
 	if ($tag) {
-		my ($in, $out) = ('','');
 	        my ($xtag) = $tag;
 		$xtag =~ s/\s+\*\*.*$//; # Remove stuff like ** INVALID ** and ** FUNKY **
 		$xtag =~ tr/_/\./ if ( $opt_u );
 		$xtag =~ s/[\/]/$opt_s/g;
-		
-		my $pid = open2($in, $out, 'git-mktag');
-		print $out "object $cid\n".
-		    "type commit\n".
-		    "tag $xtag\n".
-		    "tagger $author_name <$author_email>\n"
-		    or die "Cannot create tag object $xtag: $!\n";
-		close($out)
-		    or die "Cannot create tag object $xtag: $!\n";
-
-		my $tagobj = <$in>;
-		chomp $tagobj;
-
-		if ( !close($in) or waitpid($pid, 0) != $pid or
-		     $? != 0 or $tagobj !~ /^[0123456789abcdef]{40}$/ ) {
-		    die "Cannot create tag object $xtag: $!\n";
-	        }
-		
-
-		open(C,">$git_dir/refs/tags/$xtag")
+		$xtag =~ s/\[//g;
+
+		system('git-tag', '-f', $xtag, $cid) == 0
 			or die "Cannot create tag $xtag: $!\n";
-		print C "$tagobj\n"
-			or die "Cannot write tag $xtag: $!\n";
-		close(C)
-			or die "Cannot write tag $xtag: $!\n";
 
 		print "Created tag '$xtag' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
 	}
@@ -833,6 +822,7 @@ while (<CVS>) {
 		$state = 4;
 	} elsif ($state == 4 and s/^Branch:\s+//) {
 		s/\s+$//;
+		tr/_/\./ if ( $opt_u );
 		s/[\/]/$opt_s/g;
 		$branch = $_;
 		$state = 5;
@@ -866,7 +856,7 @@ while (<CVS>) {
 		}
 		if (!$opt_a && $starttime - 300 - (defined $opt_z ? $opt_z : 300) <= $date) {
 			# skip if the commit is too recent
-			# that the cvsps default fuzz is 300s, we give ourselves another
+			# given that the cvsps default fuzz is 300s, we give ourselves another
 			# 300s just in case -- this also prevents skipping commits
 			# due to server clock drift
 			print "skip patchset $patchset: $date too recent\n" if $opt_v;
@@ -883,29 +873,27 @@ while (<CVS>) {
 				print STDERR "Branch $branch erroneously stems from itself -- changed ancestor to $opt_o\n";
 				$ancestor = $opt_o;
 			}
-			if (-f "$git_dir/refs/heads/$branch") {
+			if (defined get_headref("$remote/$branch")) {
 				print STDERR "Branch $branch already exists!\n";
 				$state=11;
 				next;
 			}
-			unless (open(H,"$git_dir/refs/heads/$ancestor")) {
+			my $id = get_headref("$remote/$ancestor");
+			if (!$id) {
 				print STDERR "Branch $ancestor does not exist!\n";
 				$ignorebranch{$branch} = 1;
 				$state=11;
 				next;
 			}
-			chomp(my $id = <H>);
-			close(H);
-			unless (open(H,"> $git_dir/refs/heads/$branch")) {
-				print STDERR "Could not create branch $branch: $!\n";
+
+			system(qw(git update-ref -m cvsimport),
+				"$remote/$branch", $id);
+			if($? != 0) {
+				print STDERR "Could not create branch $branch\n";
 				$ignorebranch{$branch} = 1;
 				$state=11;
 				next;
 			}
-			print H "$id\n"
-				or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
-			close(H)
-				or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
 		}
 		$last_branch = $branch if $branch ne $last_branch;
 		$state = 9;
@@ -964,7 +952,7 @@ while (<CVS>) {
 	} elsif (/^-+$/) { # end of unknown-line processing
 		$state = 1;
 	} elsif ($state != 11) { # ignore stuff when skipping
-		print "* UNKNOWN LINE * $_\n";
+		print STDERR "* UNKNOWN LINE * $_\n";
 	}
 }
 commit() if $branch and $state != 11;
@@ -984,7 +972,7 @@ if ($line =~ /^(\d+) objects, (\d+) kilobytes$/) {
 }
 
 foreach my $git_index (values %index) {
-    if ($git_index ne '.git/index') {
+    if ($git_index ne "$git_dir/index") {
 	unlink($git_index);
     }
 }
@@ -1010,17 +998,19 @@ if ($orig_branch) {
 		die "Fast-forward update failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	}
 	else {
-		system(qw(git-merge cvsimport HEAD), "refs/heads/$opt_o");
+		system(qw(git-merge cvsimport HEAD), "$remote/$opt_o");
 		die "Could not merge $opt_o into the current branch.\n" if $?;
 	}
 } else {
 	$orig_branch = "master";
 	print "DONE; creating $orig_branch branch\n" if $opt_v;
-	system("git-update-ref", "refs/heads/master", "refs/heads/$opt_o")
-		unless -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master";
+	system("git-update-ref", "refs/heads/master", "$remote/$opt_o")
+		unless defined get_headref('refs/heads/master');
+	system("git-symbolic-ref", "$remote/HEAD", "$remote/$opt_o")
+		if ($opt_r && $opt_o ne 'HEAD');
 	system('git-update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
 	unless ($opt_i) {
-		system('git checkout');
+		system('git checkout -f');
 		die "checkout failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index 68aa75255e..ab6cea3e53 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ use bytes;
 
 use Fcntl;
 use File::Temp qw/tempdir tempfile/;
+use File::Path qw/rmtree/;
 use File::Basename;
+use Getopt::Long qw(:config require_order no_ignore_case);
+
+my $VERSION = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 
 my $log = GITCVS::log->new();
 my $cfg;
@@ -70,8 +74,9 @@ my $methods = {
     'status'          => \&req_status,
     'admin'           => \&req_CATCHALL,
     'history'         => \&req_CATCHALL,
-    'watchers'        => \&req_CATCHALL,
-    'editors'         => \&req_CATCHALL,
+    'watchers'        => \&req_EMPTY,
+    'editors'         => \&req_EMPTY,
+    'noop'            => \&req_EMPTY,
     'annotate'        => \&req_annotate,
     'Global_option'   => \&req_Globaloption,
     #'annotate'        => \&req_CATCHALL,
@@ -83,33 +88,93 @@ my $methods = {
 # $state holds all the bits of information the clients sends us that could
 # potentially be useful when it comes to actually _doing_ something.
 my $state = { prependdir => '' };
+
+# Work is for managing temporary working directory
+my $work =
+    {
+        state => undef,  # undef, 1 (empty), 2 (with stuff)
+        workDir => undef,
+        index => undef,
+        emptyDir => undef,
+        tmpDir => undef
+    };
+
 $log->info("--------------- STARTING -----------------");
 
+my $usage =
+    "Usage: git cvsserver [options] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]\n".
+    "    --base-path <path>  : Prepend to requested CVSROOT\n".
+    "    --strict-paths      : Don't allow recursing into subdirectories\n".
+    "    --export-all        : Don't check for gitcvs.enabled in config\n".
+    "    --version, -V       : Print version information and exit\n".
+    "    --help, -h, -H      : Print usage information and exit\n".
+    "\n".
+    "<directory> ... is a list of allowed directories. If no directories\n".
+    "are given, all are allowed. This is an additional restriction, gitcvs\n".
+    "access still needs to be enabled by the gitcvs.enabled config option.\n";
+
+my @opts = ( 'help|h|H', 'version|V',
+	     'base-path=s', 'strict-paths', 'export-all' );
+GetOptions( $state, @opts )
+    or die $usage;
+
+if ($state->{version}) {
+    print "git-cvsserver version $VERSION\n";
+    exit;
+}
+if ($state->{help}) {
+    print $usage;
+    exit;
+}
+
 my $TEMP_DIR = tempdir( CLEANUP => 1 );
 $log->debug("Temporary directory is '$TEMP_DIR'");
 
+$state->{method} = 'ext';
+if (@ARGV) {
+    if ($ARGV[0] eq 'pserver') {
+	$state->{method} = 'pserver';
+	shift @ARGV;
+    } elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'server') {
+	shift @ARGV;
+    }
+}
+
+# everything else is a directory
+$state->{allowed_roots} = [ @ARGV ];
+
+# don't export the whole system unless the users requests it
+if ($state->{'export-all'} && !@{$state->{allowed_roots}}) {
+    die "--export-all can only be used together with an explicit whitelist\n";
+}
+
 # if we are called with a pserver argument,
 # deal with the authentication cat before entering the
 # main loop
-if (@ARGV && $ARGV[0] eq 'pserver') {
+if ($state->{method} eq 'pserver') {
     my $line = <STDIN>; chomp $line;
-    unless( $line eq 'BEGIN AUTH REQUEST') {
+    unless( $line =~ /^BEGIN (AUTH|VERIFICATION) REQUEST$/) {
        die "E Do not understand $line - expecting BEGIN AUTH REQUEST\n";
     }
+    my $request = $1;
     $line = <STDIN>; chomp $line;
-    req_Root('root', $line) # reuse Root
-       or die "E Invalid root $line \n";
+    unless (req_Root('root', $line)) { # reuse Root
+       print "E Invalid root $line \n";
+       exit 1;
+    }
     $line = <STDIN>; chomp $line;
     unless ($line eq 'anonymous') {
        print "E Only anonymous user allowed via pserver\n";
        print "I HATE YOU\n";
+       exit 1;
     }
     $line = <STDIN>; chomp $line;    # validate the password?
     $line = <STDIN>; chomp $line;
-    unless ($line eq 'END AUTH REQUEST') {
-       die "E Do not understand $line -- expecting END AUTH REQUEST\n";
+    unless ($line eq "END $request REQUEST") {
+       die "E Do not understand $line -- expecting END $request REQUEST\n";
     }
     print "I LOVE YOU\n";
+    exit if $request eq 'VERIFICATION'; # cvs login
     # and now back to our regular programme...
 }
 
@@ -137,6 +202,9 @@ while (<STDIN>)
 $log->debug("Processing time : user=" . (times)[0] . " system=" . (times)[1]);
 $log->info("--------------- FINISH -----------------");
 
+chdir '/';
+exit 0;
+
 # Magic catchall method.
 #    This is the method that will handle all commands we haven't yet
 #    implemented. It simply sends a warning to the log file indicating a
@@ -147,6 +215,11 @@ sub req_CATCHALL
     $log->warn("Unhandled command : req_$cmd : $data");
 }
 
+# This method invariably succeeds with an empty response.
+sub req_EMPTY
+{
+    print "ok\n";
+}
 
 # Root pathname \n
 #     Response expected: no. Tell the server which CVSROOT to use. Note that
@@ -162,13 +235,53 @@ sub req_Root
     my ( $cmd, $data ) = @_;
     $log->debug("req_Root : $data");
 
-    $state->{CVSROOT} = $data;
+    unless ($data =~ m#^/#) {
+	print "error 1 Root must be an absolute pathname\n";
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    my $cvsroot = $state->{'base-path'} || '';
+    $cvsroot =~ s#/+$##;
+    $cvsroot .= $data;
+
+    if ($state->{CVSROOT}
+	&& ($state->{CVSROOT} ne $cvsroot)) {
+	print "error 1 Conflicting roots specified\n";
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    $state->{CVSROOT} = $cvsroot;
 
     $ENV{GIT_DIR} = $state->{CVSROOT} . "/";
+
+    if (@{$state->{allowed_roots}}) {
+	my $allowed = 0;
+	foreach my $dir (@{$state->{allowed_roots}}) {
+	    next unless $dir =~ m#^/#;
+	    $dir =~ s#/+$##;
+	    if ($state->{'strict-paths'}) {
+		if ($ENV{GIT_DIR} =~ m#^\Q$dir\E/?$#) {
+		    $allowed = 1;
+		    last;
+		}
+	    } elsif ($ENV{GIT_DIR} =~ m#^\Q$dir\E(/?$|/)#) {
+		$allowed = 1;
+		last;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	unless ($allowed) {
+	    print "E $ENV{GIT_DIR} does not seem to be a valid GIT repository\n";
+	    print "E \n";
+	    print "error 1 $ENV{GIT_DIR} is not a valid repository\n";
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    }
+
     unless (-d $ENV{GIT_DIR} && -e $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'HEAD') {
        print "E $ENV{GIT_DIR} does not seem to be a valid GIT repository\n";
-        print "E \n";
-        print "error 1 $ENV{GIT_DIR} is not a valid repository\n";
+       print "E \n";
+       print "error 1 $ENV{GIT_DIR} is not a valid repository\n";
        return 0;
     }
 
@@ -181,12 +294,18 @@ sub req_Root
     }
     foreach my $line ( @gitvars )
     {
-        next unless ( $line =~ /^(.*?)\.(.*?)=(.*)$/ );
-        $cfg->{$1}{$2} = $3;
+        next unless ( $line =~ /^(gitcvs)\.(?:(ext|pserver)\.)?([\w-]+)=(.*)$/ );
+        unless ($2) {
+            $cfg->{$1}{$3} = $4;
+        } else {
+            $cfg->{$1}{$2}{$3} = $4;
+        }
     }
 
-    unless ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{enabled} ) and $cfg->{gitcvs}{enabled} =~ /^\s*(1|true|yes)\s*$/i )
-    {
+    my $enabled = ($cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{enabled}
+		   || $cfg->{gitcvs}{enabled});
+    unless ($state->{'export-all'} ||
+	    ($enabled && $enabled =~ /^\s*(1|true|yes)\s*$/i)) {
         print "E GITCVS emulation needs to be enabled on this repo\n";
         print "E the repo config file needs a [gitcvs] section added, and the parameter 'enabled' set to 1\n";
         print "E \n";
@@ -194,9 +313,10 @@ sub req_Root
         return 0;
     }
 
-    if ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{logfile} ) )
+    my $logfile = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{logfile} || $cfg->{gitcvs}{logfile};
+    if ( $logfile )
     {
-        $log->setfile($cfg->{gitcvs}{logfile});
+        $log->setfile($logfile);
     } else {
         $log->nofile();
     }
@@ -350,12 +470,52 @@ sub req_add
 
     argsplit("add");
 
+    my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
+    $updater->update();
+
+    argsfromdir($updater);
+
     my $addcount = 0;
 
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        my $wrev = revparse($filename);
+
+        if ($wrev && $meta && ($wrev < 0))
+        {
+            # previously removed file, add back
+            $log->info("added file $filename was previously removed, send 1.$meta->{revision}");
+
+            print "MT +updated\n";
+            print "MT text U \n";
+            print "MT fname $filename\n";
+            print "MT newline\n";
+            print "MT -updated\n";
+
+            unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-n} )
+            {
+                my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($filename,1);
+
+                print "Created $dirpart\n";
+                print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
+
+                # this is an "entries" line
+                my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
+                $log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
+                print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                # permissions
+                $log->debug("SEND : u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}");
+                print "u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}\n";
+                # transmit file
+                transmitfile($meta->{filehash});
+            }
+
+            next;
+        }
+
         unless ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} ) )
         {
             print "E cvs add: nothing known about `$filename'\n";
@@ -374,9 +534,26 @@ sub req_add
 
         print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
         print "$filename\n";
-        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"file",
+                        $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename});
         print "/$filepart/0//$kopts/\n";
 
+        my $requestedKopts = $state->{opt}{k};
+        if(defined($requestedKopts))
+        {
+            $requestedKopts = "-k$requestedKopts";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $requestedKopts = "";
+        }
+        if( $kopts ne $requestedKopts )
+        {
+            $log->warn("Ignoring requested -k='$requestedKopts'"
+                        . " for '$filename'; detected -k='$kopts' instead");
+            #TODO: Also have option to send warning to user?
+        }
+
         $addcount++;
     }
 
@@ -456,7 +633,7 @@ sub req_remove
 
         print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
         print "$filename\n";
-        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
         print "/$filepart/-1.$wrev//$kopts/\n";
 
         $rmcount++;
@@ -486,8 +663,12 @@ sub req_Modified
     my ( $cmd, $data ) = @_;
 
     my $mode = <STDIN>;
+    defined $mode
+        or (print "E end of file reading mode for $data\n"), return;
     chomp $mode;
     my $size = <STDIN>;
+    defined $size
+        or (print "E end of file reading size of $data\n"), return;
     chomp $size;
 
     # Grab config information
@@ -507,7 +688,8 @@ sub req_Modified
         $bytesleft -= $blocksize;
     }
 
-    close $fh;
+    close $fh
+        or (print "E failed to write temporary, $filename: $!\n"), return;
 
     # Ensure we have something sensible for the file mode
     if ( $mode =~ /u=(\w+)/ )
@@ -620,7 +802,20 @@ sub req_co
 
     argsplit("co");
 
+    # Provide list of modules, if -c was used.
+    if (exists $state->{opt}{c}) {
+        my $showref = `git show-ref --heads`;
+        for my $line (split '\n', $showref) {
+            if ( $line =~ m% refs/heads/(.*)$% ) {
+                print "M $1\t$1\n";
+            }
+        }
+        print "ok\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     my $module = $state->{args}[0];
+    $state->{module} = $module;
     my $checkout_path = $module;
 
     # use the user specified directory if we're given it
@@ -698,6 +893,7 @@ sub req_co
         # Don't want to check out deleted files
         next if ( $git->{filehash} eq "deleted" );
 
+        my $fullName = $git->{name};
         ( $git->{name}, $git->{dir} ) = filenamesplit($git->{name});
 
        if (length($git->{dir}) && $git->{dir} ne './'
@@ -728,7 +924,7 @@ sub req_co
        print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/" . ( defined ( $git->{dir} ) and $git->{dir} ne "./" ? $git->{dir} . "/" : "" ) . "$git->{name}\n";
 
         # this is an "entries" line
-        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($git->{name});
+        my $kopts = kopts_from_path($fullName,"sha1",$git->{filehash});
         print "/$git->{name}/1.$git->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
         # permissions
         print "u=$git->{mode},g=$git->{mode},o=$git->{mode}\n";
@@ -764,16 +960,15 @@ sub req_update
     # projects (heads in this case) to checkout.
     #
     if ($state->{module} eq '') {
+        my $showref = `git show-ref --heads`;
         print "E cvs update: Updating .\n";
-	opendir HEADS, $state->{CVSROOT} . '/refs/heads';
-	while (my $head = readdir(HEADS)) {
-	    if (-f $state->{CVSROOT} . '/refs/heads/' . $head) {
-	        print "E cvs update: New directory `$head'\n";
-	    }
-	}
-	closedir HEADS;
-	print "ok\n";
-	return 1;
+        for my $line (split '\n', $showref) {
+            if ( $line =~ m% refs/heads/(.*)$% ) {
+                print "E cvs update: New directory `$1'\n";
+            }
+        }
+        print "ok\n";
+        return 1;
     }
 
 
@@ -809,6 +1004,17 @@ sub req_update
             $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
         }
 
+        # If -p was given, "print" the contents of the requested revision.
+        if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{p} ) ) {
+            if ( defined ( $meta->{revision} ) ) {
+                $log->info("Printing '$filename' revision " . $meta->{revision});
+
+                transmitfile($meta->{filehash}, { print => 1 });
+            }
+
+            next;
+        }
+
 	if ( ! defined $meta )
 	{
 	    $meta = {
@@ -843,6 +1049,7 @@ sub req_update
         if ( defined ( $wrev )
              and defined($meta->{revision})
              and $wrev == $meta->{revision}
+             and defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash})
              and not exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) )
         {
             $log->info("Tell the client the file is modified");
@@ -920,7 +1127,7 @@ sub req_update
 		print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
 
 		# this is an "entries" line
-		my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+		my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
 		$log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
 		print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
 
@@ -935,25 +1142,27 @@ sub req_update
             $log->info("Updating '$filename'");
             my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($meta->{name},1);
 
-            my $dir = tempdir( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, CLEANUP => 1 ) . "/";
+            my $mergeDir = setupTmpDir();
 
-            chdir $dir;
             my $file_local = $filepart . ".mine";
+            my $mergedFile = "$mergeDir/$file_local";
             system("ln","-s",$state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename}, $file_local);
             my $file_old = $filepart . "." . $oldmeta->{revision};
-            transmitfile($oldmeta->{filehash}, $file_old);
+            transmitfile($oldmeta->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file_old });
             my $file_new = $filepart . "." . $meta->{revision};
-            transmitfile($meta->{filehash}, $file_new);
+            transmitfile($meta->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file_new });
 
             # we need to merge with the local changes ( M=successful merge, C=conflict merge )
             $log->info("Merging $file_local, $file_old, $file_new");
             print "M Merging differences between 1.$oldmeta->{revision} and 1.$meta->{revision} into $filename\n";
 
-            $log->debug("Temporary directory for merge is $dir");
+            $log->debug("Temporary directory for merge is $mergeDir");
 
             my $return = system("git", "merge-file", $file_local, $file_old, $file_new);
             $return >>= 8;
 
+            cleanupTmpDir();
+
             if ( $return == 0 )
             {
                 $log->info("Merged successfully");
@@ -966,7 +1175,8 @@ sub req_update
                     print "Merged $dirpart\n";
                     $log->debug($state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename");
                     print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
-                    my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+                    my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
+                                                "file",$mergedFile);
                     $log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
                     print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
                 }
@@ -982,7 +1192,8 @@ sub req_update
                 {
                     print "Merged $dirpart\n";
                     print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
-                    my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+                    my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
+                                                "file",$mergedFile);
                     print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}/+/$kopts/\n";
                 }
             }
@@ -1002,13 +1213,11 @@ sub req_update
                 # transmit file, format is single integer on a line by itself (file
                 # size) followed by the file contents
                 # TODO : we should copy files in blocks
-                my $data = `cat $file_local`;
+                my $data = `cat $mergedFile`;
                 $log->debug("File size : " . length($data));
                 print length($data) . "\n";
                 print $data;
             }
-
-            chdir "/";
         }
 
     }
@@ -1026,9 +1235,10 @@ sub req_ci
 
     $log->info("req_ci : " . ( defined($data) ? $data : "[NULL]" ));
 
-    if ( @ARGV && $ARGV[0] eq 'pserver')
+    if ( $state->{method} eq 'pserver')
     {
         print "error 1 pserver access cannot commit\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
         exit;
     }
 
@@ -1036,6 +1246,7 @@ sub req_ci
     {
         $log->warn("file 'index' already exists in the git repository");
         print "error 1 Index already exists in git repo\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
         exit;
     }
 
@@ -1043,30 +1254,20 @@ sub req_ci
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    my $tmpdir = tempdir ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
-    my ( undef, $file_index ) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
-    $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$tmpdir', index file is '$file_index'");
-
-    $ENV{GIT_DIR} = $state->{CVSROOT} . "/";
-    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $file_index;
-
     # Remember where the head was at the beginning.
     my $parenthash = `git show-ref -s refs/heads/$state->{module}`;
     chomp $parenthash;
     if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/) {
 	    print "error 1 pserver cannot find the current HEAD of module";
+	    cleanupWorkTree();
 	    exit;
     }
 
-    chdir $tmpdir;
+    setupWorkTree($parenthash);
 
-    # populate the temporary index based
-    system("git-read-tree", $parenthash);
-    unless ($? == 0)
-    {
-	die "Error running git-read-tree $state->{module} $file_index $!";
-    }
-    $log->info("Created index '$file_index' with for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
+    $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
+
+    $log->info("Created index '$work->{index}' for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
 
     my @committedfiles = ();
     my %oldmeta;
@@ -1086,7 +1287,7 @@ sub req_ci
 
         my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($filename);
 
-        # do a checkout of the file if it part of this tree
+	# do a checkout of the file if it is part of this tree
         if ($wrev) {
             system('git-checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
             unless ($? == 0) {
@@ -1104,7 +1305,7 @@ sub req_ci
         {
             # fail everything if an up to date check fails
             print "error 1 Up to date check failed for $filename\n";
-            chdir "/";
+            cleanupWorkTree();
             exit;
         }
 
@@ -1146,7 +1347,7 @@ sub req_ci
     {
         print "E No files to commit\n";
         print "ok\n";
-        chdir "/";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1158,7 +1359,13 @@ sub req_ci
     # write our commit message out if we have one ...
     my ( $msg_fh, $msg_filename ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
     print $msg_fh $state->{opt}{m};# if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{m} ) );
-    print $msg_fh "\n\nvia git-CVS emulator\n";
+    if ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation} ) ) {
+        if ($cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation} !~ /^\s*$/ ) {
+            print $msg_fh "\n\n".$cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation}."\n"
+        }
+    } else {
+        print $msg_fh "\n\nvia git-CVS emulator\n";
+    }
     close $msg_fh;
 
     my $commithash = `git-commit-tree $treehash -p $parenthash < $msg_filename`;
@@ -1169,32 +1376,52 @@ sub req_ci
     {
         $log->warn("Commit failed (Invalid commit hash)");
         print "error 1 Commit failed (unknown reason)\n";
-        chdir "/";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
         exit;
     }
 
-	# Check that this is allowed, just as we would with a receive-pack
-	my @cmd = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', "refs/heads/$state->{module}",
+	### Emulate git-receive-pack by running hooks/update
+	my @hook = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', "refs/heads/$state->{module}",
 			$parenthash, $commithash );
-	if( -x $cmd[0] ) {
-		unless( system( @cmd ) == 0 )
+	if( -x $hook[0] ) {
+		unless( system( @hook ) == 0 )
 		{
 			$log->warn("Commit failed (update hook declined to update ref)");
 			print "error 1 Commit failed (update hook declined)\n";
-			chdir "/";
+			cleanupWorkTree();
 			exit;
 		}
 	}
 
+	### Update the ref
 	if (system(qw(git update-ref -m), "cvsserver ci",
 			"refs/heads/$state->{module}", $commithash, $parenthash)) {
 		$log->warn("update-ref for $state->{module} failed.");
 		print "error 1 Cannot commit -- update first\n";
+		cleanupWorkTree();
 		exit;
 	}
 
+	### Emulate git-receive-pack by running hooks/post-receive
+	my $hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-receive';
+	if( -x $hook ) {
+		open(my $pipe, "| $hook") || die "can't fork $!";
+
+		local $SIG{PIPE} = sub { die 'pipe broke' };
+
+		print $pipe "$parenthash $commithash refs/heads/$state->{module}\n";
+
+		close $pipe || die "bad pipe: $! $?";
+	}
+
     $updater->update();
 
+	### Then hooks/post-update
+	$hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-update';
+	if (-x $hook) {
+		system($hook, "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
+	}
+
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @committedfiles )
     {
@@ -1223,12 +1450,12 @@ sub req_ci
             }
             print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
-            my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
+            my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
             print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
         }
     }
 
-    chdir "/";
+    cleanupWorkTree();
     print "ok\n";
 }
 
@@ -1253,6 +1480,8 @@ sub req_status
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
+        next if exists($state->{opt}{l}) && index($filename, '/', length($state->{prependdir})) >= 0;
+
         my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
         my $oldmeta = $meta;
 
@@ -1296,8 +1525,10 @@ sub req_status
 
         $status ||= "Unknown";
 
+        my ($filepart) = filenamesplit($filename);
+
         print "M ===================================================================\n";
-        print "M File: $filename\tStatus: $status\n";
+        print "M File: $filepart\tStatus: $status\n";
         if ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{revision}) )
         {
             print "M Working revision:\t" . $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} . "\n";
@@ -1371,14 +1602,14 @@ sub req_diff
                 print "E File $filename at revision 1.$revision1 doesn't exist\n";
                 next;
             }
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, $file1);
+            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
         }
         # otherwise we just use the working copy revision
         else
         {
             ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, $file1);
+            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
         }
 
         # if we have a second -r switch, use it too
@@ -1393,7 +1624,7 @@ sub req_diff
                 next;
             }
 
-            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, $file2);
+            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
         # otherwise we just use the working copy
         else
@@ -1406,7 +1637,7 @@ sub req_diff
         {
             ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
-            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, $file2);
+            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
 
         # We need to have retrieved something useful
@@ -1538,8 +1769,7 @@ sub req_log
             print "M revision 1.$revision->{revision}\n";
             # reformat the date for log output
             $revision->{modified} = sprintf('%04d/%02d/%02d %s', $3, $DATE_LIST->{$2}, $1, $4 ) if ( $revision->{modified} =~ /(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/ and defined($DATE_LIST->{$2}) );
-            $revision->{author} =~ s/\s+.*//;
-            $revision->{author} =~ s/^(.{8}).*/$1/;
+            $revision->{author} = cvs_author($revision->{author});
             print "M date: $revision->{modified};  author: $revision->{author};  state: " . ( $revision->{filehash} eq "deleted" ? "dead" : "Exp" ) . ";  lines: +2 -3\n";
             my $commitmessage = $updater->commitmessage($revision->{commithash});
             $commitmessage =~ s/^/M /mg;
@@ -1568,14 +1798,9 @@ sub req_annotate
     argsfromdir($updater);
 
     # we'll need a temporary checkout dir
-    my $tmpdir = tempdir ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
-    my ( undef, $file_index ) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
-    $log->info("Temp checkoutdir creation successful, basing annotate session work on '$tmpdir', index file is '$file_index'");
-
-    $ENV{GIT_DIR} = $state->{CVSROOT} . "/";
-    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $file_index;
+    setupWorkTree();
 
-    chdir $tmpdir;
+    $log->info("Temp checkoutdir creation successful, basing annotate session work on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE}'");
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
@@ -1599,14 +1824,16 @@ sub req_annotate
 	system("git-read-tree", $lastseenin);
 	unless ($? == 0)
 	{
-	    die "Error running git-read-tree $lastseenin $file_index $!";
+	    print "E error running git-read-tree $lastseenin $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} $!\n";
+	    return;
 	}
-	$log->info("Created index '$file_index' with commit $lastseenin - exit status $?");
+	$log->info("Created index '$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE}' with commit $lastseenin - exit status $?");
 
         # do a checkout of the file
         system('git-checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
         unless ($? == 0) {
-            die "Error running git-checkout-index -f -u $filename : $!";
+            print "E error running git-checkout-index -f -u $filename : $!\n";
+            return;
         }
 
         $log->info("Annotate $filename");
@@ -1616,7 +1843,11 @@ sub req_annotate
         # git-jsannotate telling us about commits we are hiding
         # from the client.
 
-        open(ANNOTATEHINTS, ">$tmpdir/.annotate_hints") or die "Error opening > $tmpdir/.annotate_hints $!";
+        my $a_hints = "$work->{workDir}/.annotate_hints";
+        if (!open(ANNOTATEHINTS, '>', $a_hints)) {
+            print "E failed to open '$a_hints' for writing: $!\n";
+            return;
+        }
         for (my $i=0; $i < @$revisions; $i++)
         {
             print ANNOTATEHINTS $revisions->[$i][2];
@@ -1627,11 +1858,14 @@ sub req_annotate
         }
 
         print ANNOTATEHINTS "\n";
-        close ANNOTATEHINTS;
+        close ANNOTATEHINTS
+            or (print "E failed to write $a_hints: $!\n"), return;
 
-        my $annotatecmd = 'git-annotate';
-        open(ANNOTATE, "-|", $annotatecmd, '-l', '-S', "$tmpdir/.annotate_hints", $filename)
-	    or die "Error invoking $annotatecmd -l -S $tmpdir/.annotate_hints $filename : $!";
+        my @cmd = (qw(git-annotate -l -S), $a_hints, $filename);
+        if (!open(ANNOTATE, "-|", @cmd)) {
+            print "E error invoking ". join(' ',@cmd) .": $!\n";
+            return;
+        }
         my $metadata = {};
         print "E Annotations for $filename\n";
         print "E ***************\n";
@@ -1644,8 +1878,7 @@ sub req_annotate
                 unless ( defined ( $metadata->{$commithash} ) )
                 {
                     $metadata->{$commithash} = $updater->getmeta($filename, $commithash);
-                    $metadata->{$commithash}{author} =~ s/\s+.*//;
-                    $metadata->{$commithash}{author} =~ s/^(.{8}).*/$1/;
+                    $metadata->{$commithash}{author} = cvs_author($metadata->{$commithash}{author});
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{modified} = sprintf("%02d-%s-%02d", $1, $2, $3) if ( $metadata->{$commithash}{modified} =~ /^(\d+)\s(\w+)\s\d\d(\d\d)/ );
                 }
                 printf("M 1.%-5d      (%-8s %10s): %s\n",
@@ -1664,7 +1897,7 @@ sub req_annotate
     }
 
     # done; get out of the tempdir
-    chdir "/";
+    cleanupWorkTree();
 
     print "ok\n";
 
@@ -1675,14 +1908,14 @@ sub req_annotate
 # the second is $state->{files} which is everything after it.
 sub argsplit
 {
-    return unless( defined($state->{arguments}) and ref $state->{arguments} eq "ARRAY" );
-
-    my $type = shift;
-
     $state->{args} = [];
     $state->{files} = [];
     $state->{opt} = {};
 
+    return unless( defined($state->{arguments}) and ref $state->{arguments} eq "ARRAY" );
+
+    my $type = shift;
+
     if ( defined($type) )
     {
         my $opt = {};
@@ -1825,14 +2058,17 @@ sub revparse
     return undef;
 }
 
-# This method takes a file hash and does a CVS "file transfer" which transmits the
-# size of the file, and then the file contents.
-# If a second argument $targetfile is given, the file is instead written out to
-# a file by the name of $targetfile
+# This method takes a file hash and does a CVS "file transfer".  Its
+# exact behaviour depends on a second, optional hash table argument:
+# - If $options->{targetfile}, dump the contents to that file;
+# - If $options->{print}, use M/MT to transmit the contents one line
+#   at a time;
+# - Otherwise, transmit the size of the file, followed by the file
+#   contents.
 sub transmitfile
 {
     my $filehash = shift;
-    my $targetfile = shift;
+    my $options = shift;
 
     if ( defined ( $filehash ) and $filehash eq "deleted" )
     {
@@ -1854,16 +2090,25 @@ sub transmitfile
 
     if ( open my $fh, '-|', "git-cat-file", "blob", $filehash )
     {
-        if ( defined ( $targetfile ) )
+        if ( defined ( $options->{targetfile} ) )
         {
+            my $targetfile = $options->{targetfile};
             open NEWFILE, ">", $targetfile or die("Couldn't open '$targetfile' for writing : $!");
             print NEWFILE $_ while ( <$fh> );
-            close NEWFILE;
+            close NEWFILE or die("Failed to write '$targetfile': $!");
+        } elsif ( defined ( $options->{print} ) && $options->{print} ) {
+            while ( <$fh> ) {
+                if( /\n\z/ ) {
+                    print 'M ', $_;
+                } else {
+                    print 'MT text ', $_, "\n";
+                }
+            }
         } else {
             print "$size\n";
             print while ( <$fh> );
         }
-        close $fh or die ("Couldn't close filehandle for transmitfile()");
+        close $fh or die ("Couldn't close filehandle for transmitfile(): $!");
     } else {
         die("Couldn't execute git-cat-file");
     }
@@ -1905,26 +2150,404 @@ sub filecleanup
     return $filename;
 }
 
+sub validateGitDir
+{
+    if( !defined($state->{CVSROOT}) )
+    {
+        print "error 1 CVSROOT not specified\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
+        exit;
+    }
+    if( $ENV{GIT_DIR} ne ($state->{CVSROOT} . '/') )
+    {
+        print "error 1 Internally inconsistent CVSROOT\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
+        exit;
+    }
+}
+
+# Setup working directory in a work tree with the requested version
+# loaded in the index.
+sub setupWorkTree
+{
+    my ($ver) = @_;
+
+    validateGitDir();
+
+    if( ( defined($work->{state}) && $work->{state} != 1 ) ||
+        defined($work->{tmpDir}) )
+    {
+        $log->warn("Bad work tree state management");
+        print "error 1 Internal setup multiple work trees without cleanup\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
+        exit;
+    }
+
+    $work->{workDir} = tempdir ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
+
+    if( !defined($work->{index}) )
+    {
+        (undef, $work->{index}) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+    }
+
+    chdir $work->{workDir} or
+        die "Unable to chdir to $work->{workDir}\n";
+
+    $log->info("Setting up GIT_WORK_TREE as '.' in '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
+
+    $ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} = ".";
+    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $work->{index};
+    $work->{state} = 2;
+
+    if($ver)
+    {
+        system("git","read-tree",$ver);
+        unless ($? == 0)
+        {
+            $log->warn("Error running git-read-tree");
+            die "Error running git-read-tree $ver in $work->{workDir} $!\n";
+        }
+    }
+    # else # req_annotate reads tree for each file
+}
+
+# Ensure current directory is in some kind of working directory,
+# with a recent version loaded in the index.
+sub ensureWorkTree
+{
+    if( defined($work->{tmpDir}) )
+    {
+        $log->warn("Bad work tree state management [ensureWorkTree()]");
+        print "error 1 Internal setup multiple dirs without cleanup\n";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
+        exit;
+    }
+    if( $work->{state} )
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    validateGitDir();
+
+    if( !defined($work->{emptyDir}) )
+    {
+        $work->{emptyDir} = tempdir ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0);
+    }
+    chdir $work->{emptyDir} or
+        die "Unable to chdir to $work->{emptyDir}\n";
+
+    my $ver = `git show-ref -s refs/heads/$state->{module}`;
+    chomp $ver;
+    if ($ver !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+    {
+        $log->warn("Error from git show-ref -s refs/head$state->{module}");
+        print "error 1 cannot find the current HEAD of module";
+        cleanupWorkTree();
+        exit;
+    }
+
+    if( !defined($work->{index}) )
+    {
+        (undef, $work->{index}) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+    }
+
+    $ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} = ".";
+    $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $work->{index};
+    $work->{state} = 1;
+
+    system("git","read-tree",$ver);
+    unless ($? == 0)
+    {
+        die "Error running git-read-tree $ver $!\n";
+    }
+}
+
+# Cleanup working directory that is not needed any longer.
+sub cleanupWorkTree
+{
+    if( ! $work->{state} )
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    chdir "/" or die "Unable to chdir '/'\n";
+
+    if( defined($work->{workDir}) )
+    {
+        rmtree( $work->{workDir} );
+        undef $work->{workDir};
+    }
+    undef $work->{state};
+}
+
+# Setup a temporary directory (not a working tree), typically for
+# merging dirty state as in req_update.
+sub setupTmpDir
+{
+    $work->{tmpDir} = tempdir ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
+    chdir $work->{tmpDir} or die "Unable to chdir $work->{tmpDir}\n";
+
+    return $work->{tmpDir};
+}
+
+# Clean up a previously setupTmpDir.  Restore previous work tree if
+# appropriate.
+sub cleanupTmpDir
+{
+    if ( !defined($work->{tmpDir}) )
+    {
+        $log->warn("cleanup tmpdir that has not been setup");
+        die "Cleanup tmpDir that has not been setup\n";
+    }
+    if( defined($work->{state}) )
+    {
+        if( $work->{state} == 1 )
+        {
+            chdir $work->{emptyDir} or
+                die "Unable to chdir to $work->{emptyDir}\n";
+        }
+        elsif( $work->{state} == 2 )
+        {
+            chdir $work->{workDir} or
+                die "Unable to chdir to $work->{emptyDir}\n";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $log->warn("Inconsistent work dir state");
+            die "Inconsistent work dir state\n";
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        chdir "/" or die "Unable to chdir '/'\n";
+    }
+}
+
 # Given a path, this function returns a string containing the kopts
 # that should go into that path's Entries line.  For example, a binary
 # file should get -kb.
 sub kopts_from_path
 {
-	my ($path) = @_;
+    my ($path, $srcType, $name) = @_;
 
-	# Once it exists, the git attributes system should be used to look up
-	# what attributes apply to this path.
+    if ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{usecrlfattr} ) and
+         $cfg->{gitcvs}{usecrlfattr} =~ /\s*(1|true|yes)\s*$/i )
+    {
+        my ($val) = check_attr( "crlf", $path );
+        if ( $val eq "set" )
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
+        elsif ( $val eq "unset" )
+        {
+            return "-kb"
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $log->info("Unrecognized check_attr crlf $path : $val");
+        }
+    }
 
-	# Until then, take the setting from the config file
-    unless ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} ) and $cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} =~ /^\s*(1|true|yes)\s*$/i )
+    if ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} ) )
     {
-		# Return "" to give no special treatment to any path
-		return "";
-    } else {
-		# Alternatively, to have all files treated as if they are binary (which
-		# is more like git itself), always return the "-kb" option
-		return "-kb";
+        if( ($cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} =~ /^\s*(1|true|yes)\s*$/i) )
+        {
+            return "-kb";
+        }
+        elsif( ($cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} =~ /^\s*guess\s*$/i) )
+        {
+            if( $srcType eq "sha1Or-k" &&
+                !defined($name) )
+            {
+                my ($ret)=$state->{entries}{$path}{options};
+                if( !defined($ret) )
+                {
+                    $ret=$state->{opt}{k};
+                    if(defined($ret))
+                    {
+                        $ret="-k$ret";
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        $ret="";
+                    }
+                }
+                if( ! ($ret=~/^(|-kb|-kkv|-kkvl|-kk|-ko|-kv)$/) )
+                {
+                    print "E Bad -k option\n";
+                    $log->warn("Bad -k option: $ret");
+                    die "Error: Bad -k option: $ret\n";
+                }
+
+                return $ret;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if( is_binary($srcType,$name) )
+                {
+                    $log->debug("... as binary");
+                    return "-kb";
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    $log->debug("... as text");
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
+    # Return "" to give no special treatment to any path
+    return "";
+}
+
+sub check_attr
+{
+    my ($attr,$path) = @_;
+    ensureWorkTree();
+    if ( open my $fh, '-|', "git", "check-attr", $attr, "--", $path )
+    {
+        my $val = <$fh>;
+        close $fh;
+        $val =~ s/.*: ([^:\r\n]*)\s*$/$1/;
+        return $val;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return undef;
+    }
+}
+
+# This should have the same heuristics as convert.c:is_binary() and related.
+# Note that the bare CR test is done by callers in convert.c.
+sub is_binary
+{
+    my ($srcType,$name) = @_;
+    $log->debug("is_binary($srcType,$name)");
+
+    # Minimize amount of interpreted code run in the inner per-character
+    # loop for large files, by totalling each character value and
+    # then analyzing the totals.
+    my @counts;
+    my $i;
+    for($i=0;$i<256;$i++)
+    {
+        $counts[$i]=0;
+    }
+
+    my $fh = open_blob_or_die($srcType,$name);
+    my $line;
+    while( defined($line=<$fh>) )
+    {
+        # Any '\0' and bare CR are considered binary.
+        if( $line =~ /\0|(\r[^\n])/ )
+        {
+            close($fh);
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        # Count up each character in the line:
+        my $len=length($line);
+        for($i=0;$i<$len;$i++)
+        {
+            $counts[ord(substr($line,$i,1))]++;
+        }
+    }
+    close $fh;
+
+    # Don't count CR and LF as either printable/nonprintable
+    $counts[ord("\n")]=0;
+    $counts[ord("\r")]=0;
+
+    # Categorize individual character count into printable and nonprintable:
+    my $printable=0;
+    my $nonprintable=0;
+    for($i=0;$i<256;$i++)
+    {
+        if( $i < 32 &&
+            $i != ord("\b") &&
+            $i != ord("\t") &&
+            $i != 033 &&       # ESC
+            $i != 014 )        # FF
+        {
+            $nonprintable+=$counts[$i];
+        }
+        elsif( $i==127 )  # DEL
+        {
+            $nonprintable+=$counts[$i];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $printable+=$counts[$i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ($printable >> 7) < $nonprintable;
+}
+
+# Returns open file handle.  Possible invocations:
+#  - open_blob_or_die("file",$filename);
+#  - open_blob_or_die("sha1",$filehash);
+sub open_blob_or_die
+{
+    my ($srcType,$name) = @_;
+    my ($fh);
+    if( $srcType eq "file" )
+    {
+        if( !open $fh,"<",$name )
+        {
+            $log->warn("Unable to open file $name: $!");
+            die "Unable to open file $name: $!\n";
+        }
+    }
+    elsif( $srcType eq "sha1" || $srcType eq "sha1Or-k" )
+    {
+        unless ( defined ( $name ) and $name =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ )
+        {
+            $log->warn("Need filehash");
+            die "Need filehash\n";
+        }
+
+        my $type = `git cat-file -t $name`;
+        chomp $type;
+
+        unless ( defined ( $type ) and $type eq "blob" )
+        {
+            $log->warn("Invalid type '$type' for '$name'");
+            die ( "Invalid type '$type' (expected 'blob')" )
+        }
+
+        my $size = `git cat-file -s $name`;
+        chomp $size;
+
+        $log->debug("open_blob_or_die($name) size=$size, type=$type");
+
+        unless( open $fh, '-|', "git", "cat-file", "blob", $name )
+        {
+            $log->warn("Unable to open sha1 $name");
+            die "Unable to open sha1 $name\n";
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $log->warn("Unknown type of blob source: $srcType");
+        die "Unknown type of blob source: $srcType\n";
+    }
+    return $fh;
+}
+
+# Generate a CVS author name from Git author information, by taking the local
+# part of the email address and replacing characters not in the Portable
+# Filename Character Set (see IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, 3.276) by underscores. CVS
+# Login names are Unix login names, which should be restricted to this
+# character set.
+sub cvs_author
+{
+    my $author_line = shift;
+    (my $author) = $author_line =~ /<([^@>]*)/;
+
+    $author =~ s/[^-a-zA-Z0-9_.]/_/g;
+    $author =~ s/^-/_/;
+
+    $author;
 }
 
 package GITCVS::log;
@@ -2131,33 +2754,63 @@ sub new
 
     bless $self, $class;
 
-    $self->{dbdir} = $config . "/";
-    die "Database dir '$self->{dbdir}' isn't a directory" unless ( defined($self->{dbdir}) and -d $self->{dbdir} );
+    $self->{valid_tables} = {'revision' => 1,
+                             'revision_ix1' => 1,
+                             'revision_ix2' => 1,
+                             'head' => 1,
+                             'head_ix1' => 1,
+                             'properties' => 1,
+                             'commitmsgs' => 1};
 
     $self->{module} = $module;
-    $self->{file} = $self->{dbdir} . "/gitcvs.$module.sqlite";
-
     $self->{git_path} = $config . "/";
 
     $self->{log} = $log;
 
     die "Git repo '$self->{git_path}' doesn't exist" unless ( -d $self->{git_path} );
 
-    $self->{dbh} = DBI->connect("dbi:SQLite:dbname=" . $self->{file},"","");
+    $self->{dbdriver} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbdriver} ||
+        $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbdriver} || "SQLite";
+    $self->{dbname} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbname} ||
+        $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbname} || "%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite";
+    $self->{dbuser} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbuser} ||
+        $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbuser} || "";
+    $self->{dbpass} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbpass} ||
+        $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbpass} || "";
+    $self->{dbtablenameprefix} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbtablenameprefix} ||
+        $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbtablenameprefix} || "";
+    my %mapping = ( m => $module,
+                    a => $state->{method},
+                    u => getlogin || getpwuid($<) || $<,
+                    G => $self->{git_path},
+                    g => mangle_dirname($self->{git_path}),
+                    );
+    $self->{dbname} =~ s/%([mauGg])/$mapping{$1}/eg;
+    $self->{dbuser} =~ s/%([mauGg])/$mapping{$1}/eg;
+    $self->{dbtablenameprefix} =~ s/%([mauGg])/$mapping{$1}/eg;
+    $self->{dbtablenameprefix} = mangle_tablename($self->{dbtablenameprefix});
+
+    die "Invalid char ':' in dbdriver" if $self->{dbdriver} =~ /:/;
+    die "Invalid char ';' in dbname" if $self->{dbname} =~ /;/;
+    $self->{dbh} = DBI->connect("dbi:$self->{dbdriver}:dbname=$self->{dbname}",
+                                $self->{dbuser},
+                                $self->{dbpass});
+    die "Error connecting to database\n" unless defined $self->{dbh};
 
     $self->{tables} = {};
-    foreach my $table ( $self->{dbh}->tables )
+    foreach my $table ( keys %{$self->{dbh}->table_info(undef,undef,undef,'TABLE')->fetchall_hashref('TABLE_NAME')} )
     {
-        $table =~ s/^"//;
-        $table =~ s/"$//;
         $self->{tables}{$table} = 1;
     }
 
     # Construct the revision table if required
-    unless ( $self->{tables}{revision} )
+    unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("revision")} )
     {
+        my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
+        my $ix1name = $self->tablename("revision_ix1");
+        my $ix2name = $self->tablename("revision_ix2");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE TABLE revision (
+            CREATE TABLE $tablename (
                 name       TEXT NOT NULL,
                 revision   INTEGER NOT NULL,
                 filehash   TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -2168,20 +2821,22 @@ sub new
             )
         ");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE INDEX revision_ix1
-            ON revision (name,revision)
+            CREATE INDEX $ix1name
+            ON $tablename (name,revision)
         ");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE INDEX revision_ix2
-            ON revision (name,commithash)
+            CREATE INDEX $ix2name
+            ON $tablename (name,commithash)
         ");
     }
 
     # Construct the head table if required
-    unless ( $self->{tables}{head} )
+    unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("head")} )
     {
+        my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
+        my $ix1name = $self->tablename("head_ix1");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE TABLE head (
+            CREATE TABLE $tablename (
                 name       TEXT NOT NULL,
                 revision   INTEGER NOT NULL,
                 filehash   TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -2192,16 +2847,17 @@ sub new
             )
         ");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE INDEX head_ix1
-            ON head (name)
+            CREATE INDEX $ix1name
+            ON $tablename (name)
         ");
     }
 
     # Construct the properties table if required
-    unless ( $self->{tables}{properties} )
+    unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("properties")} )
     {
+        my $tablename = $self->tablename("properties");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE TABLE properties (
+            CREATE TABLE $tablename (
                 key        TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
                 value      TEXT
             )
@@ -2209,10 +2865,11 @@ sub new
     }
 
     # Construct the commitmsgs table if required
-    unless ( $self->{tables}{commitmsgs} )
+    unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("commitmsgs")} )
     {
+        my $tablename = $self->tablename("commitmsgs");
         $self->{dbh}->do("
-            CREATE TABLE commitmsgs (
+            CREATE TABLE $tablename (
                 key        TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
                 value      TEXT
             )
@@ -2222,6 +2879,21 @@ sub new
     return $self;
 }
 
+=head2 tablename
+
+=cut
+sub tablename
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $name = shift;
+
+    if (exists $self->{valid_tables}{$name}) {
+        return $self->{dbtablenameprefix} . $name;
+    } else {
+        return undef;
+    }
+}
+
 =head2 update
 
 =cut
@@ -2348,17 +3020,21 @@ sub update
                     if ($parent eq $lastpicked) {
                         next;
                     }
-                    open my $p, 'git-merge-base '. $lastpicked . ' '
-                    . $parent . '|';
-                    my @output = (<$p>);
-                    close $p;
-                    my $base = join('', @output);
+		    my $base = eval {
+			    safe_pipe_capture('git-merge-base',
+						 $lastpicked, $parent);
+		    };
+		    # The two branches may not be related at all,
+		    # in which case merge base simply fails to find
+		    # any, but that's Ok.
+		    next if ($@);
+
                     chomp $base;
                     if ($base) {
                         my @merged;
                         # print "want to log between  $base $parent \n";
-                        open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git-log', "$base..$parent")
-                        or die "Cannot call git-log: $!";
+                        open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git-log', '--pretty=medium', "$base..$parent")
+			  or die "Cannot call git-log: $!";
                         my $mergedhash;
                         while (<GITLOG>) {
                             chomp;
@@ -2434,7 +3110,7 @@ sub update
                     };
                     $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
                 }
-                elsif ( $change eq "M" )
+                elsif ( $change eq "M" || $change eq "T" )
                 {
                     #$log->debug("MODIFIED $name");
                     $head->{$name} = {
@@ -2453,7 +3129,7 @@ sub update
                     #$log->debug("ADDED    $name");
                     $head->{$name} = {
                         name => $name,
-                        revision => 1,
+                        revision => $head->{$name}{revision} ? $head->{$name}{revision}+1 : 1,
                         filehash => $hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
                         modified => $commit->{date},
@@ -2583,8 +3259,9 @@ sub insert_rev
     my $modified = shift;
     my $author = shift;
     my $mode = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
 
-    my $insert_rev = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO revision (name, revision, filehash, commithash, modified, author, mode) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",{},1);
+    my $insert_rev = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO $tablename (name, revision, filehash, commithash, modified, author, mode) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",{},1);
     $insert_rev->execute($name, $revision, $filehash, $commithash, $modified, $author, $mode);
 }
 
@@ -2593,16 +3270,18 @@ sub insert_mergelog
     my $self = shift;
     my $key = shift;
     my $value = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("commitmsgs");
 
-    my $insert_mergelog = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO commitmsgs (key, value) VALUES (?,?)",{},1);
+    my $insert_mergelog = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO $tablename (key, value) VALUES (?,?)",{},1);
     $insert_mergelog->execute($key, $value);
 }
 
 sub delete_head
 {
     my $self = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
 
-    my $delete_head = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("DELETE FROM head",{},1);
+    my $delete_head = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("DELETE FROM $tablename",{},1);
     $delete_head->execute();
 }
 
@@ -2616,8 +3295,9 @@ sub insert_head
     my $modified = shift;
     my $author = shift;
     my $mode = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
 
-    my $insert_head = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO head (name, revision, filehash, commithash, modified, author, mode) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",{},1);
+    my $insert_head = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO $tablename (name, revision, filehash, commithash, modified, author, mode) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",{},1);
     $insert_head->execute($name, $revision, $filehash, $commithash, $modified, $author, $mode);
 }
 
@@ -2625,8 +3305,9 @@ sub _headrev
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
 
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT filehash, revision, mode FROM head WHERE name=?",{},1);
+    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT filehash, revision, mode FROM $tablename WHERE name=?",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
     my ( $hash, $revision, $mode ) = $db_query->fetchrow_array;
 
@@ -2637,8 +3318,9 @@ sub _get_prop
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $key = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("properties");
 
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT value FROM properties WHERE key=?",{},1);
+    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT value FROM $tablename WHERE key=?",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($key);
     my ( $value ) = $db_query->fetchrow_array;
 
@@ -2650,13 +3332,14 @@ sub _set_prop
     my $self = shift;
     my $key = shift;
     my $value = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("properties");
 
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("UPDATE properties SET value=? WHERE key=?",{},1);
+    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("UPDATE $tablename SET value=? WHERE key=?",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($value, $key);
 
     unless ( $db_query->rows )
     {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO properties (key, value) VALUES (?,?)",{},1);
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO $tablename (key, value) VALUES (?,?)",{},1);
         $db_query->execute($key, $value);
     }
 
@@ -2670,10 +3353,11 @@ sub _set_prop
 sub gethead
 {
     my $self = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
 
     return $self->{gethead_cache} if ( defined ( $self->{gethead_cache} ) );
 
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT name, filehash, mode, revision, modified, commithash, author FROM head ORDER BY name ASC",{},1);
+    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT name, filehash, mode, revision, modified, commithash, author FROM $tablename ORDER BY name ASC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute();
 
     my $tree = [];
@@ -2695,8 +3379,9 @@ sub getlog
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
 
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT name, filehash, author, mode, revision, modified, commithash FROM revision WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
+    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT name, filehash, author, mode, revision, modified, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
 
     my $tree = [];
@@ -2720,19 +3405,21 @@ sub getmeta
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
     my $revision = shift;
+    my $tablename_rev = $self->tablename("revision");
+    my $tablename_head = $self->tablename("head");
 
     my $db_query;
     if ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^\d+$/ )
     {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM revision WHERE name=? AND revision=?",{},1);
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND revision=?",{},1);
         $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
     }
     elsif ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ )
     {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM revision WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",{},1);
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",{},1);
         $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
     } else {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM head WHERE name=?",{},1);
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_head WHERE name=?",{},1);
         $db_query->execute($filename);
     }
 
@@ -2748,11 +3435,12 @@ sub commitmessage
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $commithash = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("commitmsgs");
 
     die("Need commithash") unless ( defined($commithash) and $commithash =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ );
 
     my $db_query;
-    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT value FROM commitmsgs WHERE key=?",{},1);
+    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT value FROM $tablename WHERE key=?",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($commithash);
 
     my ( $message ) = $db_query->fetchrow_array;
@@ -2780,9 +3468,10 @@ sub gethistory
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
 
     my $db_query;
-    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM revision WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
+    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
 
     return $db_query->fetchall_arrayref;
@@ -2802,9 +3491,10 @@ sub gethistorydense
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
+    my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
 
     my $db_query;
-    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM revision WHERE name=? AND filehash!='deleted' ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
+    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? AND filehash!='deleted' ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
 
     return $db_query->fetchall_arrayref;
@@ -2847,5 +3537,34 @@ sub safe_pipe_capture {
     return wantarray ? @output : join('',@output);
 }
 
+=head2 mangle_dirname
+
+create a string from a directory name that is suitable to use as
+part of a filename, mainly by converting all chars except \w.- to _
+
+=cut
+sub mangle_dirname {
+    my $dirname = shift;
+    return unless defined $dirname;
+
+    $dirname =~ s/[^\w.-]/_/g;
+
+    return $dirname;
+}
+
+=head2 mangle_tablename
+
+create a string from a that is suitable to use as part of an SQL table
+name, mainly by converting all chars except \w to _
+
+=cut
+sub mangle_tablename {
+    my $tablename = shift;
+    return unless defined $tablename;
+
+    $tablename =~ s/[^\w_]/_/g;
+
+    return $tablename;
+}
 
 1;
diff --git a/git-difftool--helper.sh b/git-difftool--helper.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..57e8e3256d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-difftool--helper.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# git-difftool--helper is a GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible diff tool launcher.
+# This script is typically launched by using the 'git difftool'
+# convenience command.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+
+# Load common functions from git-mergetool--lib
+TOOL_MODE=diff
+. git-mergetool--lib
+
+# difftool.prompt controls the default prompt/no-prompt behavior
+# and is overridden with $GIT_DIFFTOOL*_PROMPT.
+should_prompt () {
+	prompt=$(git config --bool difftool.prompt || echo true)
+	if test "$prompt" = true; then
+		test -z "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT"
+	else
+		test -n "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT"
+	fi
+}
+
+# Sets up shell variables and runs a merge tool
+launch_merge_tool () {
+	# Merged is the filename as it appears in the work tree
+	# Local is the contents of a/filename
+	# Remote is the contents of b/filename
+	# Custom merge tool commands might use $BASE so we provide it
+	MERGED="$1"
+	LOCAL="$2"
+	REMOTE="$3"
+	BASE="$1"
+
+	# $LOCAL and $REMOTE are temporary files so prompt
+	# the user with the real $MERGED name before launching $merge_tool.
+	if should_prompt; then
+		printf "\nViewing: '$MERGED'\n"
+		printf "Hit return to launch '%s': " "$merge_tool"
+		read ans
+	fi
+
+	# Run the appropriate merge tool command
+	run_merge_tool "$merge_tool"
+}
+
+# Allow GIT_DIFF_TOOL and GIT_MERGE_TOOL to provide default values
+test -n "$GIT_MERGE_TOOL" && merge_tool="$GIT_MERGE_TOOL"
+test -n "$GIT_DIFF_TOOL" && merge_tool="$GIT_DIFF_TOOL"
+
+if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
+	merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)" || exit
+fi
+
+# Launch the merge tool on each path provided by 'git diff'
+while test $# -gt 6
+do
+	launch_merge_tool "$1" "$2" "$5"
+	shift 7
+done
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ba5e60a45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-difftool.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+#
+# This is a wrapper around the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible
+# git-difftool--helper script.
+#
+# This script exports GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and GIT_PAGER for use by git.
+# GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT, GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT, and GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+# are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
+#
+# Any arguments that are unknown to this script are forwarded to 'git diff'.
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Cwd qw(abs_path);
+use File::Basename qw(dirname);
+
+my $DIR = abs_path(dirname($0));
+
+
+sub usage
+{
+	print << 'USAGE';
+usage: git difftool [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt] ["git diff" options]
+USAGE
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub setup_environment
+{
+	$ENV{PATH} = "$DIR:$ENV{PATH}";
+	$ENV{GIT_PAGER} = '';
+	$ENV{GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF} = 'git-difftool--helper';
+}
+
+sub exe
+{
+	my $exe = shift;
+	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'msys') {
+		return "$exe.exe";
+	}
+	return $exe;
+}
+
+sub generate_command
+{
+	my @command = (exe('git'), 'diff');
+	my $skip_next = 0;
+	my $idx = -1;
+	for my $arg (@ARGV) {
+		$idx++;
+		if ($skip_next) {
+			$skip_next = 0;
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-t' || $arg eq '--tool') {
+			usage() if $#ARGV <= $idx;
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $ARGV[$idx + 1];
+			$skip_next = 1;
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg =~ /^--tool=/) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = substr($arg, 7);
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-y' || $arg eq '--no-prompt') {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
+			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT};
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '--prompt') {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
+			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT};
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-h' || $arg eq '--help') {
+			usage();
+		}
+		push @command, $arg;
+	}
+	return @command
+}
+
+setup_environment();
+
+# ActiveState Perl for Win32 does not implement POSIX semantics of
+# exec* system call. It just spawns the given executable and finishes
+# the starting program, exiting with code 0.
+# system will at least catch the errors returned by git diff,
+# allowing the caller of git difftool better handling of failures.
+my $rc = system(generate_command());
+exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..37e044db40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Rewrite revision history
+# Copyright (c) Petr Baudis, 2006
+# Minimal changes to "port" it to core-git (c) Johannes Schindelin, 2007
+#
+# Lets you rewrite the revision history of the current branch, creating
+# a new branch. You can specify a number of filters to modify the commits,
+# files and trees.
+
+# The following functions will also be available in the commit filter:
+
+functions=$(cat << \EOF
+warn () {
+        echo "$*" >&2
+}
+
+map()
+{
+	# if it was not rewritten, take the original
+	if test -r "$workdir/../map/$1"
+	then
+		cat "$workdir/../map/$1"
+	else
+		echo "$1"
+	fi
+}
+
+# if you run 'skip_commit "$@"' in a commit filter, it will print
+# the (mapped) parents, effectively skipping the commit.
+
+skip_commit()
+{
+	shift;
+	while [ -n "$1" ];
+	do
+		shift;
+		map "$1";
+		shift;
+	done;
+}
+
+# if you run 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' in a commit filter,
+# it will skip commits that leave the tree untouched, commit the other.
+git_commit_non_empty_tree()
+{
+	if test $# = 3 && test "$1" = $(git rev-parse "$3^{tree}"); then
+		map "$3"
+	else
+		git commit-tree "$@"
+	fi
+}
+# override die(): this version puts in an extra line break, so that
+# the progress is still visible
+
+die()
+{
+	echo >&2
+	echo "$*" >&2
+	exit 1
+}
+EOF
+)
+
+eval "$functions"
+
+# When piped a commit, output a script to set the ident of either
+# "author" or "committer
+
+set_ident () {
+	lid="$(echo "$1" | tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]")"
+	uid="$(echo "$1" | tr "[a-z]" "[A-Z]")"
+	pick_id_script='
+		/^'$lid' /{
+			s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
+			h
+			s/^'$lid' \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
+			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_NAME='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_NAME/p
+
+			g
+			s/^'$lid' [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
+			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_EMAIL='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_EMAIL/p
+
+			g
+			s/^'$lid' [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
+			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_DATE='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_DATE/p
+
+			q
+		}
+	'
+
+	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_id_script"
+	# Ensure non-empty id name.
+	echo "case \"\$GIT_${uid}_NAME\" in \"\") GIT_${uid}_NAME=\"\${GIT_${uid}_EMAIL%%@*}\" && export GIT_${uid}_NAME;; esac"
+}
+
+USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>] \
+[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>] \
+[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>] \
+[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>] \
+[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force] \
+[<rev-list options>...]"
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
+. git-sh-setup
+
+if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
+	git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
+	die "Cannot rewrite branch(es) with a dirty working directory."
+fi
+
+tempdir=.git-rewrite
+filter_env=
+filter_tree=
+filter_index=
+filter_parent=
+filter_msg=cat
+filter_commit=
+filter_tag_name=
+filter_subdir=
+orig_namespace=refs/original/
+force=
+prune_empty=
+while :
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	--)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	--force|-f)
+		shift
+		force=t
+		continue
+		;;
+	--prune-empty)
+		shift
+		prune_empty=t
+		continue
+		;;
+	-*)
+		;;
+	*)
+		break;
+	esac
+
+	# all switches take one argument
+	ARG="$1"
+	case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
+	shift
+	OPTARG="$1"
+	shift
+
+	case "$ARG" in
+	-d)
+		tempdir="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--env-filter)
+		filter_env="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--tree-filter)
+		filter_tree="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--index-filter)
+		filter_index="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--parent-filter)
+		filter_parent="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--msg-filter)
+		filter_msg="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--commit-filter)
+		filter_commit="$functions; $OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--tag-name-filter)
+		filter_tag_name="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--subdirectory-filter)
+		filter_subdir="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--original)
+		orig_namespace=$(expr "$OPTARG/" : '\(.*[^/]\)/*$')/
+		;;
+	*)
+		usage
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+case "$prune_empty,$filter_commit" in
+,)
+	filter_commit='git commit-tree "$@"';;
+t,)
+	filter_commit="$functions;"' git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"';;
+,*)
+	;;
+*)
+	die "Cannot set --prune-empty and --filter-commit at the same time"
+esac
+
+case "$force" in
+t)
+	rm -rf "$tempdir"
+;;
+'')
+	test -d "$tempdir" &&
+		die "$tempdir already exists, please remove it"
+esac
+mkdir -p "$tempdir/t" &&
+tempdir="$(cd "$tempdir"; pwd)" &&
+cd "$tempdir/t" &&
+workdir="$(pwd)" ||
+die ""
+
+# Remove tempdir on exit
+trap 'cd ../..; rm -rf "$tempdir"' 0
+
+ORIG_GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR"
+ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE="$GIT_WORK_TREE"
+ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE="$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
+GIT_WORK_TREE=.
+export GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
+
+# Make sure refs/original is empty
+git for-each-ref > "$tempdir"/backup-refs || exit
+while read sha1 type name
+do
+	case "$force,$name" in
+	,$orig_namespace*)
+		die "Cannot create a new backup.
+A previous backup already exists in $orig_namespace
+Force overwriting the backup with -f"
+	;;
+	t,$orig_namespace*)
+		git update-ref -d "$name" $sha1
+	;;
+	esac
+done < "$tempdir"/backup-refs
+
+# The refs should be updated if their heads were rewritten
+git rev-parse --no-flags --revs-only --symbolic-full-name \
+	--default HEAD "$@" > "$tempdir"/raw-heads || exit
+sed -e '/^^/d' "$tempdir"/raw-heads >"$tempdir"/heads
+
+test -s "$tempdir"/heads ||
+	die "Which ref do you want to rewrite?"
+
+GIT_INDEX_FILE="$(pwd)/../index"
+export GIT_INDEX_FILE
+git read-tree || die "Could not seed the index"
+
+# map old->new commit ids for rewriting parents
+mkdir ../map || die "Could not create map/ directory"
+
+case "$filter_subdir" in
+"")
+	git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
+		--parents --simplify-merges "$@"
+	;;
+*)
+	git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
+		--parents --simplify-merges "$@" -- "$filter_subdir"
+esac > ../revs || die "Could not get the commits"
+commits=$(wc -l <../revs | tr -d " ")
+
+test $commits -eq 0 && die "Found nothing to rewrite"
+
+# Rewrite the commits
+
+git_filter_branch__commit_count=0
+while read commit parents; do
+	git_filter_branch__commit_count=$(($git_filter_branch__commit_count+1))
+	printf "\rRewrite $commit ($git_filter_branch__commit_count/$commits)"
+
+	case "$filter_subdir" in
+	"")
+		git read-tree -i -m $commit
+		;;
+	*)
+		# The commit may not have the subdirectory at all
+		err=$(git read-tree -i -m $commit:"$filter_subdir" 2>&1) || {
+			if ! git rev-parse -q --verify $commit:"$filter_subdir"
+			then
+				rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
+			else
+				echo >&2 "$err"
+				false
+			fi
+		}
+	esac || die "Could not initialize the index"
+
+	GIT_COMMIT=$commit
+	export GIT_COMMIT
+	git cat-file commit "$commit" >../commit ||
+		die "Cannot read commit $commit"
+
+	eval "$(set_ident AUTHOR <../commit)" ||
+		die "setting author failed for commit $commit"
+	eval "$(set_ident COMMITTER <../commit)" ||
+		die "setting committer failed for commit $commit"
+	eval "$filter_env" < /dev/null ||
+		die "env filter failed: $filter_env"
+
+	if [ "$filter_tree" ]; then
+		git checkout-index -f -u -a ||
+			die "Could not checkout the index"
+		# files that $commit removed are now still in the working tree;
+		# remove them, else they would be added again
+		git clean -d -q -f -x
+		eval "$filter_tree" < /dev/null ||
+			die "tree filter failed: $filter_tree"
+
+		(
+			git diff-index -r --name-only $commit &&
+			git ls-files --others
+		) > "$tempdir"/tree-state || exit
+		git update-index --add --replace --remove --stdin \
+			< "$tempdir"/tree-state || exit
+	fi
+
+	eval "$filter_index" < /dev/null ||
+		die "index filter failed: $filter_index"
+
+	parentstr=
+	for parent in $parents; do
+		for reparent in $(map "$parent"); do
+			parentstr="$parentstr -p $reparent"
+		done
+	done
+	if [ "$filter_parent" ]; then
+		parentstr="$(echo "$parentstr" | eval "$filter_parent")" ||
+				die "parent filter failed: $filter_parent"
+	fi
+
+	sed -e '1,/^$/d' <../commit | \
+		eval "$filter_msg" > ../message ||
+			die "msg filter failed: $filter_msg"
+	@SHELL_PATH@ -c "$filter_commit" "git commit-tree" \
+		$(git write-tree) $parentstr < ../message > ../map/$commit ||
+			die "could not write rewritten commit"
+done <../revs
+
+# In case of a subdirectory filter, it is possible that a specified head
+# is not in the set of rewritten commits, because it was pruned by the
+# revision walker.  Fix it by mapping these heads to the unique nearest
+# ancestor that survived the pruning.
+
+if test "$filter_subdir"
+then
+	while read ref
+	do
+		sha1=$(git rev-parse "$ref"^0)
+		test -f "$workdir"/../map/$sha1 && continue
+		ancestor=$(git rev-list --simplify-merges -1 \
+				$ref -- "$filter_subdir")
+		test "$ancestor" && echo $(map $ancestor) >> "$workdir"/../map/$sha1
+	done < "$tempdir"/heads
+fi
+
+# Finally update the refs
+
+_x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+echo
+while read ref
+do
+	# avoid rewriting a ref twice
+	test -f "$orig_namespace$ref" && continue
+
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse "$ref"^0)
+	rewritten=$(map $sha1)
+
+	test $sha1 = "$rewritten" &&
+		warn "WARNING: Ref '$ref' is unchanged" &&
+		continue
+
+	case "$rewritten" in
+	'')
+		echo "Ref '$ref' was deleted"
+		git update-ref -m "filter-branch: delete" -d "$ref" $sha1 ||
+			die "Could not delete $ref"
+	;;
+	$_x40)
+		echo "Ref '$ref' was rewritten"
+		if ! git update-ref -m "filter-branch: rewrite" \
+					"$ref" $rewritten $sha1 2>/dev/null; then
+			if test $(git cat-file -t "$ref") = tag; then
+				if test -z "$filter_tag_name"; then
+					warn "WARNING: You said to rewrite tagged commits, but not the corresponding tag."
+					warn "WARNING: Perhaps use '--tag-name-filter cat' to rewrite the tag."
+				fi
+			else
+				die "Could not rewrite $ref"
+			fi
+		fi
+	;;
+	*)
+		# NEEDSWORK: possibly add -Werror, making this an error
+		warn "WARNING: '$ref' was rewritten into multiple commits:"
+		warn "$rewritten"
+		warn "WARNING: Ref '$ref' points to the first one now."
+		rewritten=$(echo "$rewritten" | head -n 1)
+		git update-ref -m "filter-branch: rewrite to first" \
+				"$ref" $rewritten $sha1 ||
+			die "Could not rewrite $ref"
+	;;
+	esac
+	git update-ref -m "filter-branch: backup" "$orig_namespace$ref" $sha1 ||
+		 exit
+done < "$tempdir"/heads
+
+# TODO: This should possibly go, with the semantics that all positive given
+#       refs are updated, and their original heads stored in refs/original/
+# Filter tags
+
+if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
+	git for-each-ref --format='%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)' refs/tags |
+	while read sha1 type ref; do
+		ref="${ref#refs/tags/}"
+		# XXX: Rewrite tagged trees as well?
+		if [ "$type" != "commit" -a "$type" != "tag" ]; then
+			continue;
+		fi
+
+		if [ "$type" = "tag" ]; then
+			# Dereference to a commit
+			sha1t="$sha1"
+			sha1="$(git rev-parse -q "$sha1"^{commit})" || continue
+		fi
+
+		[ -f "../map/$sha1" ] || continue
+		new_sha1="$(cat "../map/$sha1")"
+		GIT_COMMIT="$sha1"
+		export GIT_COMMIT
+		new_ref="$(echo "$ref" | eval "$filter_tag_name")" ||
+			die "tag name filter failed: $filter_tag_name"
+
+		echo "$ref -> $new_ref ($sha1 -> $new_sha1)"
+
+		if [ "$type" = "tag" ]; then
+			new_sha1=$( ( printf 'object %s\ntype commit\ntag %s\n' \
+						"$new_sha1" "$new_ref"
+				git cat-file tag "$ref" |
+				sed -n \
+				    -e "1,/^$/{
+					  /^object /d
+					  /^type /d
+					  /^tag /d
+					}" \
+				    -e '/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----/q' \
+				    -e 'p' ) |
+				git mktag) ||
+				die "Could not create new tag object for $ref"
+			if git cat-file tag "$ref" | \
+			   grep '^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >/dev/null 2>&1
+			then
+				warn "gpg signature stripped from tag object $sha1t"
+			fi
+		fi
+
+		git update-ref "refs/tags/$new_ref" "$new_sha1" ||
+			die "Could not write tag $new_ref"
+	done
+fi
+
+cd ../..
+rm -rf "$tempdir"
+
+trap - 0
+
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_INDEX_FILE
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_DIR" || {
+	GIT_DIR="$ORIG_GIT_DIR" && export GIT_DIR
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" || {
+	GIT_WORK_TREE="$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
+	export GIT_WORK_TREE
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" || {
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" &&
+	export GIT_INDEX_FILE
+}
+
+if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
+	git read-tree -u -m HEAD || exit
+fi
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/git-gui/.gitattributes b/git-gui/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f96112d47f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+*           encoding=US-ASCII
+git-gui.sh  encoding=UTF-8
+/po/*.po    encoding=UTF-8
diff --git a/git-gui/.gitignore b/git-gui/.gitignore
index c714d382e8..6483b21cbf 100644
--- a/git-gui/.gitignore
+++ b/git-gui/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+.DS_Store
+config.mak
+Git Gui.app*
+git-gui.tcl
 GIT-VERSION-FILE
-git-citool
+GIT-GUI-VARS
 git-gui
+lib/tclIndex
diff --git a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 2741c1e14c..b3f937eace 100755
--- a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=0.6.GITGUI
+DEF_VER=0.12.GITGUI
 
 LF='
 '
@@ -78,5 +78,3 @@ test "$VN" = "$VC" || {
 	echo >&2 "GITGUI_VERSION = $VN"
 	echo "GITGUI_VERSION = $VN" >$GVF
 }
-
-
diff --git a/git-gui/Makefile b/git-gui/Makefile
index b82789ead6..b3580e9e48 100644
--- a/git-gui/Makefile
+++ b/git-gui/Makefile
@@ -2,14 +2,28 @@ all::
 
 # Define V=1 to have a more verbose compile.
 #
+# Define NO_MSGFMT if you do not have msgfmt from the GNU gettext
+# package and want to use our rough pure Tcl po->msg translator.
+# TCL_PATH must be vaild for this to work.
+#
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
 -include GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
+uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+
 SCRIPT_SH = git-gui.sh
+GITGUI_MAIN := git-gui
 GITGUI_BUILT_INS = git-citool
-ALL_PROGRAMS = $(GITGUI_BUILT_INS) $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH))
+ALL_LIBFILES = $(wildcard lib/*.tcl)
+PRELOAD_FILES = lib/class.tcl
+NONTCL_LIBFILES = \
+	lib/git-gui.ico \
+	$(wildcard lib/win32_*.js) \
+#end NONTCL_LIBFILES
 
 ifndef SHELL_PATH
 	SHELL_PATH = /bin/sh
@@ -19,51 +33,312 @@ ifndef gitexecdir
 	gitexecdir := $(shell git --exec-path)
 endif
 
+ifndef sharedir
+ifeq (git-core,$(notdir $(gitexecdir)))
+	sharedir := $(dir $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(gitexecdir))))share
+else
+	sharedir := $(dir $(gitexecdir))share
+endif
+endif
+
 ifndef INSTALL
 	INSTALL = install
 endif
 
+RM_RF     ?= rm -rf
+RMDIR     ?= rmdir
+
+INSTALL_D0 = $(INSTALL) -d -m 755 # space is required here
+INSTALL_D1 =
+INSTALL_R0 = $(INSTALL) -m 644 # space is required here
+INSTALL_R1 =
+INSTALL_X0 = $(INSTALL) -m 755 # space is required here
+INSTALL_X1 =
+INSTALL_A0 = find # space is required here
+INSTALL_A1 = | cpio -pud
+INSTALL_L0 = rm -f # space is required here
+INSTALL_L1 = && ln # space is required here
+INSTALL_L2 =
+INSTALL_L3 =
+
+REMOVE_D0  = $(RMDIR) # space is required here
+REMOVE_D1  = || true
+REMOVE_F0  = $(RM_RF) # space is required here
+REMOVE_F1  =
+CLEAN_DST  = true
+
 ifndef V
-	QUIET_GEN      = @echo '   ' GEN $@;
-	QUIET_BUILT_IN = @echo '   ' BUILTIN $@;
+	QUIET          = @
+	QUIET_GEN      = $(QUIET)echo '   ' GEN '$@' &&
+	QUIET_INDEX    = $(QUIET)echo '   ' INDEX $(dir $@) &&
+	QUIET_MSGFMT0  = $(QUIET)printf '    MSGFMT %12s ' $@ && v=`
+	QUIET_MSGFMT1  = 2>&1` && echo "$$v" | sed -e 's/fuzzy translations/fuzzy/' | sed -e 's/ messages*//g'
+	QUIET_2DEVNULL = 2>/dev/null
+
+	INSTALL_D0 = dir=
+	INSTALL_D1 = && echo ' ' DEST $$dir && $(INSTALL) -d -m 755 "$$dir"
+	INSTALL_R0 = src=
+	INSTALL_R1 = && echo '   ' INSTALL 644 `basename $$src` && $(INSTALL) -m 644 $$src
+	INSTALL_X0 = src=
+	INSTALL_X1 = && echo '   ' INSTALL 755 `basename $$src` && $(INSTALL) -m 755 $$src
+	INSTALL_A0 = src=
+	INSTALL_A1 = && echo '   ' INSTALL '   ' `basename "$$src"` && find "$$src" | cpio -pud
+
+	INSTALL_L0 = dst=
+	INSTALL_L1 = && src=
+	INSTALL_L2 = && dst=
+	INSTALL_L3 = && echo '   ' 'LINK       ' `basename "$$dst"` '->' `basename "$$src"` && rm -f "$$dst" && ln "$$src" "$$dst"
+
+	CLEAN_DST = echo ' ' UNINSTALL
+	REMOVE_D0 = dir=
+	REMOVE_D1 = && echo ' ' REMOVE $$dir && test -d "$$dir" && $(RMDIR) "$$dir" || true
+	REMOVE_F0 = dst=
+	REMOVE_F1 = && echo '   ' REMOVE `basename "$$dst"` && $(RM_RF) "$$dst"
+endif
+
+TCLTK_PATH ?= wish
+ifeq (./,$(dir $(TCLTK_PATH)))
+	TCL_PATH ?= $(subst wish,tclsh,$(TCLTK_PATH))
+else
+	TCL_PATH ?= $(dir $(TCLTK_PATH))$(notdir $(subst wish,tclsh,$(TCLTK_PATH)))
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
+	TKFRAMEWORK = /Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish.app
+	ifeq ($(shell echo "$(uname_R)" | awk -F. '{if ($$1 >= 9) print "y"}')_$(shell test -d $(TKFRAMEWORK) || echo n),y_n)
+		TKFRAMEWORK = /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish.app
+		ifeq ($(shell test -d $(TKFRAMEWORK) || echo n),n)
+			TKFRAMEWORK = /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish\ Shell.app
+		endif
+	endif
+	TKEXECUTABLE = $(shell basename "$(TKFRAMEWORK)" .app)
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
 QUIET_GEN =
-QUIET_BUILT_IN =
 endif
 
+-include config.mak
+
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+TCL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCL_PATH))
+TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
+TCLTK_PATH_SED = $(subst ','\'',$(subst \,\\,$(TCLTK_PATH)))
+
+gg_libdir ?= $(sharedir)/git-gui/lib
+libdir_SQ  = $(subst ','\'',$(gg_libdir))
+libdir_SED = $(subst ','\'',$(subst \,\\,$(gg_libdir_sed_in)))
+exedir     = $(dir $(gitexecdir))share/git-gui/lib
+
+GITGUI_SCRIPT   := $$0
+GITGUI_RELATIVE :=
+GITGUI_MACOSXAPP :=
+
+ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
+	GITGUI_SCRIPT := `cygpath --windows --absolute "$(GITGUI_SCRIPT)"`
+
+	# Is this a Cygwin Tcl/Tk binary?  If so it knows how to do
+	# POSIX path translation just like cygpath does and we must
+	# keep libdir in POSIX format so Cygwin packages of git-gui
+	# work no matter where the user installs them.
+	#
+	ifeq ($(shell echo 'puts [file normalize /]' | '$(TCL_PATH_SQ)'),$(shell cygpath --mixed --absolute /))
+		gg_libdir_sed_in := $(gg_libdir)
+	else
+		gg_libdir_sed_in := $(shell cygpath --windows --absolute "$(gg_libdir)")
+	endif
+else
+	ifeq ($(exedir),$(gg_libdir))
+		GITGUI_RELATIVE := 1
+	endif
+	gg_libdir_sed_in := $(gg_libdir)
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
+	ifeq ($(shell test -d $(TKFRAMEWORK) && echo y),y)
+		GITGUI_MACOSXAPP := YesPlease
+	endif
+endif
+ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
+	NO_MSGFMT=1
+	GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER := YesPlease
+	GITGUI_RELATIVE := 1
+endif
+
+ifdef GITGUI_MACOSXAPP
+GITGUI_MAIN := git-gui.tcl
 
-$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) : % : %.sh
+git-gui: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-GUI-VARS
+	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
+	echo '#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' >$@+ && \
+	echo 'if test "z$$*" = zversion ||' >>$@+ && \
+	echo '   test "z$$*" = z--version' >>$@+ && \
+	echo then >>$@+ && \
+	echo '	'echo \'git-gui version '$(GITGUI_VERSION)'\' >>$@+ && \
+	echo else >>$@+ && \
+	echo '	'exec \''$(libdir_SQ)/Git Gui.app/Contents/MacOS/$(subst \,,$(TKEXECUTABLE))'\' \
+		'"$$0" "$$@"' >>$@+ && \
+	echo fi >>$@+ && \
+	chmod +x $@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+Git\ Gui.app: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-GUI-VARS \
+		macosx/Info.plist \
+		macosx/git-gui.icns \
+		macosx/AppMain.tcl \
+		$(TKFRAMEWORK)/Contents/MacOS/$(TKEXECUTABLE)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -rf '$@' '$@'+ && \
+	mkdir -p '$@'+/Contents/MacOS && \
+	mkdir -p '$@'+/Contents/Resources/Scripts && \
+	cp '$(subst ','\'',$(subst \,,$(TKFRAMEWORK)/Contents/MacOS/$(TKEXECUTABLE)))' \
+		'$@'+/Contents/MacOS && \
+	cp macosx/git-gui.icns '$@'+/Contents/Resources && \
+	sed -e 's/@@GITGUI_VERSION@@/$(GITGUI_VERSION)/g' \
+		-e 's/@@GITGUI_TKEXECUTABLE@@/$(TKEXECUTABLE)/g' \
+		macosx/Info.plist \
+		>'$@'+/Contents/Info.plist && \
+	sed -e 's|@@gitexecdir@@|$(gitexecdir_SQ)|' \
+		-e 's|@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@|$(libdir_SED)|' \
+		macosx/AppMain.tcl \
+		>'$@'+/Contents/Resources/Scripts/AppMain.tcl && \
+	mv '$@'+ '$@'
+endif
+
+ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
+GITGUI_MAIN := git-gui.tcl
+
+git-gui: windows/git-gui.sh
+	cp $< $@
+endif
+
+$(GITGUI_MAIN): git-gui.sh GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-GUI-VARS
 	$(QUIET_GEN)rm -f $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
+		-e '1,30s|^ argv0=$$0| argv0=$(GITGUI_SCRIPT)|' \
+		-e '1,30s|^ exec wish | exec '\''$(TCLTK_PATH_SED)'\'' |' \
 		-e 's/@@GITGUI_VERSION@@/$(GITGUI_VERSION)/g' \
-		$@.sh >$@+ && \
+		-e 's|@@GITGUI_RELATIVE@@|$(GITGUI_RELATIVE)|' \
+		-e '$(GITGUI_RELATIVE)s|@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@|$(libdir_SED)|' \
+		git-gui.sh >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-$(GITGUI_BUILT_INS): git-gui
-	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)rm -f $@ && ln git-gui $@
+XGETTEXT   ?= xgettext
+ifdef NO_MSGFMT
+	MSGFMT ?= $(TCL_PATH) po/po2msg.sh
+else
+	MSGFMT ?= msgfmt
+	ifneq ($(shell $(MSGFMT) --tcl -l C -d . /dev/null 2>/dev/null; echo $$?),0)
+		MSGFMT := $(TCL_PATH) po/po2msg.sh
+	endif
+endif
+
+msgsdir     = $(gg_libdir)/msgs
+msgsdir_SQ  = $(subst ','\'',$(msgsdir))
+PO_TEMPLATE = po/git-gui.pot
+ALL_POFILES = $(wildcard po/*.po)
+ALL_MSGFILES = $(subst .po,.msg,$(ALL_POFILES))
+
+$(PO_TEMPLATE): $(SCRIPT_SH) $(ALL_LIBFILES)
+	$(XGETTEXT) -kmc -LTcl -o $@ $(SCRIPT_SH) $(ALL_LIBFILES)
+update-po:: $(PO_TEMPLATE)
+	$(foreach p, $(ALL_POFILES), echo Updating $p ; msgmerge -U $p $(PO_TEMPLATE) ; )
+$(ALL_MSGFILES): %.msg : %.po
+	$(QUIET_MSGFMT0)$(MSGFMT) --statistics --tcl -l $(basename $(notdir $<)) -d $(dir $@) $< $(QUIET_MSGFMT1)
 
-# These can record GITGUI_VERSION
-$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)): GIT-VERSION-FILE
+lib/tclIndex: $(ALL_LIBFILES) GIT-GUI-VARS
+	$(QUIET_INDEX)if echo \
+	  $(foreach p,$(PRELOAD_FILES),source $p\;) \
+	  auto_mkindex lib '*.tcl' \
+	| $(TCL_PATH) $(QUIET_2DEVNULL); then : ok; \
+	else \
+	 echo 1>&2 "    * $(TCL_PATH) failed; using unoptimized loading"; \
+	 rm -f $@ ; \
+	 echo '# Autogenerated by git-gui Makefile' >$@ && \
+	 echo >>$@ && \
+	 $(foreach p,$(PRELOAD_FILES) $(ALL_LIBFILES),echo '$(subst lib/,,$p)' >>$@ &&) \
+	 echo >>$@ ; \
+	fi
 
-all:: $(ALL_PROGRAMS)
+TRACK_VARS = \
+	$(subst ','\'',SHELL_PATH='$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)') \
+	$(subst ','\'',TCL_PATH='$(TCL_PATH_SQ)') \
+	$(subst ','\'',TCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)') \
+	$(subst ','\'',gitexecdir='$(gitexecdir_SQ)') \
+	$(subst ','\'',gg_libdir='$(libdir_SQ)') \
+	GITGUI_MACOSXAPP=$(GITGUI_MACOSXAPP) \
+#end TRACK_VARS
+
+GIT-GUI-VARS: .FORCE-GIT-GUI-VARS
+	@VARS='$(TRACK_VARS)'; \
+	if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
+		echo 1>&2 "    * new locations or Tcl/Tk interpreter"; \
+		echo 1>$@ "$$VARS"; \
+	fi
+
+ifdef GITGUI_MACOSXAPP
+all:: git-gui Git\ Gui.app
+endif
+ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
+all:: git-gui
+endif
+all:: $(GITGUI_MAIN) lib/tclIndex $(ALL_MSGFILES)
 
 install: all
-	$(INSTALL) -d -m755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
-	$(INSTALL) git-gui '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
-	$(foreach p,$(GITGUI_BUILT_INS), rm -f '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' && ln '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/git-gui' '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' ;)
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)' $(INSTALL_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_X0)git-gui $(INSTALL_X1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_X0)git-gui--askpass $(INSTALL_X1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(GITGUI_BUILT_INS), $(INSTALL_L0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' $(INSTALL_L1)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/git-gui' $(INSTALL_L2)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$p' $(INSTALL_L3) &&) true
+ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_R0)git-gui.tcl $(INSTALL_R1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
+endif
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)' $(INSTALL_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_R0)lib/tclIndex $(INSTALL_R1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'
+ifdef GITGUI_MACOSXAPP
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_A0)'Git Gui.app' $(INSTALL_A1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_X0)git-gui.tcl $(INSTALL_X1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'
+endif
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(ALL_LIBFILES) $(NONTCL_LIBFILES), $(INSTALL_R0)$p $(INSTALL_R1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)' &&) true
+	$(QUIET)$(INSTALL_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)' $(INSTALL_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(ALL_MSGFILES), $(INSTALL_R0)$p $(INSTALL_R1) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)' &&) true
+
+uninstall:
+	$(QUIET)$(CLEAN_DST) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'/git-gui $(REMOVE_F1)
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'/git-gui--askpass $(REMOVE_F1)
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(GITGUI_BUILT_INS), $(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'/$p $(REMOVE_F1) &&) true
+ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)'/git-gui.tcl $(REMOVE_F1)
+endif
+	$(QUIET)$(CLEAN_DST) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'/tclIndex $(REMOVE_F1)
+ifdef GITGUI_MACOSXAPP
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)/Git Gui.app' $(REMOVE_F1)
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'/git-gui.tcl $(REMOVE_F1)
+endif
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(ALL_LIBFILES) $(NONTCL_LIBFILES), $(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'/$(notdir $p) $(REMOVE_F1) &&) true
+	$(QUIET)$(CLEAN_DST) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)'
+	$(QUIET)$(foreach p,$(ALL_MSGFILES), $(REMOVE_F0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)'/$(notdir $p) $(REMOVE_F1) &&) true
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexecdir_SQ)' $(REMOVE_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)' $(REMOVE_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_D0)'$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)' $(REMOVE_D1)
+	$(QUIET)$(REMOVE_D0)`dirname '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(libdir_SQ)'` $(REMOVE_D1)
 
 dist-version:
 	@mkdir -p $(TARDIR)
 	@echo $(GITGUI_VERSION) > $(TARDIR)/version
 
 clean::
-	rm -f $(ALL_PROGRAMS) GIT-VERSION-FILE
+	$(RM_RF) $(GITGUI_MAIN) lib/tclIndex po/*.msg
+	$(RM_RF) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-GUI-VARS
+ifdef GITGUI_MACOSXAPP
+	$(RM_RF) 'Git Gui.app'* git-gui
+endif
+ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
+	$(RM_RF) git-gui
+endif
 
-.PHONY: all install dist-version clean
+.PHONY: all install uninstall dist-version clean
 .PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
+.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-GUI-VARS
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui--askpass b/git-gui/git-gui--askpass
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..12e117ecb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui--askpass
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
+exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
+
+# This is a trivial implementation of an SSH_ASKPASS handler.
+# Git-gui uses this script if none are already configured.
+
+set answer {}
+set yesno  0
+set rc     255
+
+if {$argc < 1} {
+	set prompt "Enter your OpenSSH passphrase:"
+} else {
+	set prompt [join $argv " "]
+	if {[regexp -nocase {\(yes\/no\)\?\s*$} $prompt]} {
+		set yesno 1
+	}
+}
+
+message .m -text $prompt -justify center -aspect 4000
+pack .m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20 -expand 1
+
+entry .e -textvariable answer -width 50
+pack .e -side top -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+if {!$yesno} {
+	.e configure -show "*"
+}
+
+frame .b
+button .b.ok     -text OK     -command finish
+button .b.cancel -text Cancel -command {destroy .}
+
+pack .b.ok -side left -expand 1
+pack .b.cancel -side right -expand 1
+pack .b -side bottom -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+bind . <Visibility> {focus -force .e}
+bind . <Key-Return> finish
+bind . <Key-Escape> {destroy .}
+bind . <Destroy>    {exit $rc}
+
+proc finish {} {
+	if {$::yesno} {
+		if {$::answer ne "yes" && $::answer ne "no"} {
+			tk_messageBox -icon error -title "Error" -type ok \
+				-message "Only 'yes' or 'no' input allowed."
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set ::rc 0
+	puts $::answer
+	destroy .
+}
+
+wm title . "OpenSSH"
+tk::PlaceWindow .
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
index 60e79ca1b0..14b92ba786 100755
--- a/git-gui/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
-exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
+ if test "z$*" = zversion \
+ || test "z$*" = z--version; \
+ then \
+	echo 'git-gui version @@GITGUI_VERSION@@'; \
+	exit; \
+ fi; \
+ argv0=$0; \
+ exec wish "$argv0" -- "$@"
 
 set appvers {@@GITGUI_VERSION@@}
-set copyright {
-Copyright © 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce, et. al.
+set copyright [encoding convertfrom utf-8 {
+Copyright © 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce, et. al.
 
 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,17 +25,115 @@ GNU General Public License for more details.
 
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA}
+Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA}]
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## Tcl/Tk sanity check
+
+if {[catch {package require Tcl 8.4} err]
+ || [catch {package require Tk  8.4} err]
+} {
+	catch {wm withdraw .}
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message $err
+	exit 1
+}
+
+catch {rename send {}} ; # What an evil concept...
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## locate our library
+
+set oguilib {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+set oguirel {@@GITGUI_RELATIVE@@}
+if {$oguirel eq {1}} {
+	set oguilib [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]]
+	if {[file tail $oguilib] eq {git-core}} {
+		set oguilib [file dirname $oguilib]
+	}
+	set oguilib [file dirname $oguilib]
+	set oguilib [file join $oguilib share git-gui lib]
+	set oguimsg [file join $oguilib msgs]
+} elseif {[string match @@* $oguirel]} {
+	set oguilib [file join [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]] lib]
+	set oguimsg [file join [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]] po]
+} else {
+	set oguimsg [file join $oguilib msgs]
+}
+unset oguirel
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## enable verbose loading?
+
+if {![catch {set _verbose $env(GITGUI_VERBOSE)}]} {
+	unset _verbose
+	rename auto_load real__auto_load
+	proc auto_load {name args} {
+		puts stderr "auto_load $name"
+		return [uplevel 1 real__auto_load $name $args]
+	}
+	rename source real__source
+	proc source {name} {
+		puts stderr "source    $name"
+		uplevel 1 real__source $name
+	}
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## Internationalization (i18n) through msgcat and gettext. See
+## http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Tcl.html
+
+package require msgcat
+
+proc _mc_trim {fmt} {
+	set cmk [string first @@ $fmt]
+	if {$cmk > 0} {
+		return [string range $fmt 0 [expr {$cmk - 1}]]
+	}
+	return $fmt
+}
+
+proc mc {en_fmt args} {
+	set fmt [_mc_trim [::msgcat::mc $en_fmt]]
+	if {[catch {set msg [eval [list format $fmt] $args]} err]} {
+		set msg [eval [list format [_mc_trim $en_fmt]] $args]
+	}
+	return $msg
+}
+
+proc strcat {args} {
+	return [join $args {}]
+}
+
+::msgcat::mcload $oguimsg
+unset oguimsg
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
 ## read only globals
 
-set _appname [lindex [file split $argv0] end]
+set _appname {Git Gui}
 set _gitdir {}
 set _gitexec {}
+set _githtmldir {}
 set _reponame {}
 set _iscygwin {}
+set _search_path {}
+
+set _trace [lsearch -exact $argv --trace]
+if {$_trace >= 0} {
+	set argv [lreplace $argv $_trace $_trace]
+	set _trace 1
+} else {
+	set _trace 0
+}
 
 proc appname {} {
 	global _appname
@@ -40,7 +145,7 @@ proc gitdir {args} {
 	if {$args eq {}} {
 		return $_gitdir
 	}
-	return [eval [concat [list file join $_gitdir] $args]]
+	return [eval [list file join $_gitdir] $args]
 }
 
 proc gitexec {args} {
@@ -49,20 +154,48 @@ proc gitexec {args} {
 		if {[catch {set _gitexec [git --exec-path]} err]} {
 			error "Git not installed?\n\n$err"
 		}
+		if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+			set _gitexec [exec cygpath \
+				--windows \
+				--absolute \
+				$_gitexec]
+		} else {
+			set _gitexec [file normalize $_gitexec]
+		}
 	}
 	if {$args eq {}} {
 		return $_gitexec
 	}
-	return [eval [concat [list file join $_gitexec] $args]]
+	return [eval [list file join $_gitexec] $args]
+}
+
+proc githtmldir {args} {
+	global _githtmldir
+	if {$_githtmldir eq {}} {
+		if {[catch {set _githtmldir [git --html-path]}]} {
+			# Git not installed or option not yet supported
+			return {}
+		}
+		if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+			set _githtmldir [exec cygpath \
+				--windows \
+				--absolute \
+				$_githtmldir]
+		} else {
+			set _githtmldir [file normalize $_githtmldir]
+		}
+	}
+	if {$args eq {}} {
+		return $_githtmldir
+	}
+	return [eval [list file join $_githtmldir] $args]
 }
 
 proc reponame {} {
-	global _reponame
-	return $_reponame
+	return $::_reponame
 }
 
 proc is_MacOSX {} {
-	global tcl_platform tk_library
 	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} {
 		return 1
 	}
@@ -70,17 +203,16 @@ proc is_MacOSX {} {
 }
 
 proc is_Windows {} {
-	global tcl_platform
-	if {$tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
+	if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
 		return 1
 	}
 	return 0
 }
 
 proc is_Cygwin {} {
-	global tcl_platform _iscygwin
+	global _iscygwin
 	if {$_iscygwin eq {}} {
-		if {$tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
+		if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
 			if {[catch {set p [exec cygpath --windir]} err]} {
 				set _iscygwin 0
 			} else {
@@ -115,6 +247,7 @@ proc disable_option {option} {
 
 proc is_many_config {name} {
 	switch -glob -- $name {
+	gui.recentrepo -
 	remote.*.fetch -
 	remote.*.push
 		{return 1}
@@ -134,235 +267,853 @@ proc is_config_true {name} {
 	}
 }
 
-proc load_config {include_global} {
-	global repo_config global_config default_config
+proc get_config {name} {
+	global repo_config
+	if {[catch {set v $repo_config($name)}]} {
+		return {}
+	} else {
+		return $v
+	}
+}
 
-	array unset global_config
-	if {$include_global} {
-		catch {
-			set fd_rc [open "| git config --global --list" r]
-			while {[gets $fd_rc line] >= 0} {
-				if {[regexp {^([^=]+)=(.*)$} $line line name value]} {
-					if {[is_many_config $name]} {
-						lappend global_config($name) $value
-					} else {
-						set global_config($name) $value
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			close $fd_rc
+######################################################################
+##
+## handy utils
+
+proc _trace_exec {cmd} {
+	if {!$::_trace} return
+	set d {}
+	foreach v $cmd {
+		if {$d ne {}} {
+			append d { }
 		}
+		if {[regexp {[ \t\r\n'"$?*]} $v]} {
+			set v [sq $v]
+		}
+		append d $v
 	}
+	puts stderr $d
+}
 
-	array unset repo_config
-	catch {
-		set fd_rc [open "| git config --list" r]
-		while {[gets $fd_rc line] >= 0} {
-			if {[regexp {^([^=]+)=(.*)$} $line line name value]} {
-				if {[is_many_config $name]} {
-					lappend repo_config($name) $value
-				} else {
-					set repo_config($name) $value
-				}
+proc _git_cmd {name} {
+	global _git_cmd_path
+
+	if {[catch {set v $_git_cmd_path($name)}]} {
+		switch -- $name {
+		  version   -
+		--version   -
+		--exec-path { return [list $::_git $name] }
+		}
+
+		set p [gitexec git-$name$::_search_exe]
+		if {[file exists $p]} {
+			set v [list $p]
+		} elseif {[is_Windows] && [file exists [gitexec git-$name]]} {
+			# Try to determine what sort of magic will make
+			# git-$name go and do its thing, because native
+			# Tcl on Windows doesn't know it.
+			#
+			set p [gitexec git-$name]
+			set f [open $p r]
+			set s [gets $f]
+			close $f
+
+			switch -glob -- [lindex $s 0] {
+			#!*sh     { set i sh     }
+			#!*perl   { set i perl   }
+			#!*python { set i python }
+			default   { error "git-$name is not supported: $s" }
+			}
+
+			upvar #0 _$i interp
+			if {![info exists interp]} {
+				set interp [_which $i]
+			}
+			if {$interp eq {}} {
+				error "git-$name requires $i (not in PATH)"
 			}
+			set v [concat [list $interp] [lrange $s 1 end] [list $p]]
+		} else {
+			# Assume it is builtin to git somehow and we
+			# aren't actually able to see a file for it.
+			#
+			set v [list $::_git $name]
+		}
+		set _git_cmd_path($name) $v
+	}
+	return $v
+}
+
+proc _which {what args} {
+	global env _search_exe _search_path
+
+	if {$_search_path eq {}} {
+		if {[is_Cygwin] && [regexp {^(/|\.:)} $env(PATH)]} {
+			set _search_path [split [exec cygpath \
+				--windows \
+				--path \
+				--absolute \
+				$env(PATH)] {;}]
+			set _search_exe .exe
+		} elseif {[is_Windows]} {
+			set gitguidir [file dirname [info script]]
+			regsub -all ";" $gitguidir "\\;" gitguidir
+			set env(PATH) "$gitguidir;$env(PATH)"
+			set _search_path [split $env(PATH) {;}]
+			set _search_exe .exe
+		} else {
+			set _search_path [split $env(PATH) :]
+			set _search_exe {}
 		}
-		close $fd_rc
 	}
 
-	foreach name [array names default_config] {
-		if {[catch {set v $global_config($name)}]} {
-			set global_config($name) $default_config($name)
+	if {[is_Windows] && [lsearch -exact $args -script] >= 0} {
+		set suffix {}
+	} else {
+		set suffix $_search_exe
+	}
+
+	foreach p $_search_path {
+		set p [file join $p $what$suffix]
+		if {[file exists $p]} {
+			return [file normalize $p]
 		}
-		if {[catch {set v $repo_config($name)}]} {
-			set repo_config($name) $default_config($name)
+	}
+	return {}
+}
+
+proc _lappend_nice {cmd_var} {
+	global _nice
+	upvar $cmd_var cmd
+
+	if {![info exists _nice]} {
+		set _nice [_which nice]
+	}
+	if {$_nice ne {}} {
+		lappend cmd $_nice
+	}
+}
+
+proc git {args} {
+	set opt [list]
+
+	while {1} {
+		switch -- [lindex $args 0] {
+		--nice {
+			_lappend_nice opt
 		}
+
+		default {
+			break
+		}
+
+		}
+
+		set args [lrange $args 1 end]
 	}
+
+	set cmdp [_git_cmd [lindex $args 0]]
+	set args [lrange $args 1 end]
+
+	_trace_exec [concat $opt $cmdp $args]
+	set result [eval exec $opt $cmdp $args]
+	if {$::_trace} {
+		puts stderr "< $result"
+	}
+	return $result
+}
+
+proc _open_stdout_stderr {cmd} {
+	_trace_exec $cmd
+	if {[catch {
+			set fd [open [concat [list | ] $cmd] r]
+		} err]} {
+		if {   [lindex $cmd end] eq {2>@1}
+		    && $err eq {can not find channel named "1"}
+			} {
+			# Older versions of Tcl 8.4 don't have this 2>@1 IO
+			# redirect operator.  Fallback to |& cat for those.
+			# The command was not actually started, so its safe
+			# to try to start it a second time.
+			#
+			set fd [open [concat \
+				[list | ] \
+				[lrange $cmd 0 end-1] \
+				[list |& cat] \
+				] r]
+		} else {
+			error $err
+		}
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd -eofchar {}
+	return $fd
 }
 
-proc save_config {} {
-	global default_config font_descs
-	global repo_config global_config
-	global repo_config_new global_config_new
+proc git_read {args} {
+	set opt [list]
 
-	foreach option $font_descs {
-		set name [lindex $option 0]
-		set font [lindex $option 1]
-		font configure $font \
-			-family $global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
-			-size $global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
-		font configure ${font}bold \
-			-family $global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
-			-size $global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
-		set global_config_new(gui.$name) [font configure $font]
-		unset global_config_new(gui.$font^^family)
-		unset global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+	while {1} {
+		switch -- [lindex $args 0] {
+		--nice {
+			_lappend_nice opt
+		}
+
+		--stderr {
+			lappend args 2>@1
+		}
+
+		default {
+			break
+		}
+
+		}
+
+		set args [lrange $args 1 end]
 	}
 
-	foreach name [array names default_config] {
-		set value $global_config_new($name)
-		if {$value ne $global_config($name)} {
-			if {$value eq $default_config($name)} {
-				catch {git config --global --unset $name}
-			} else {
-				regsub -all "\[{}\]" $value {"} value
-				git config --global $name $value
-			}
-			set global_config($name) $value
-			if {$value eq $repo_config($name)} {
-				catch {git config --unset $name}
-				set repo_config($name) $value
-			}
+	set cmdp [_git_cmd [lindex $args 0]]
+	set args [lrange $args 1 end]
+
+	return [_open_stdout_stderr [concat $opt $cmdp $args]]
+}
+
+proc git_write {args} {
+	set opt [list]
+
+	while {1} {
+		switch -- [lindex $args 0] {
+		--nice {
+			_lappend_nice opt
+		}
+
+		default {
+			break
+		}
+
 		}
+
+		set args [lrange $args 1 end]
 	}
 
-	foreach name [array names default_config] {
-		set value $repo_config_new($name)
-		if {$value ne $repo_config($name)} {
-			if {$value eq $global_config($name)} {
-				catch {git config --unset $name}
-			} else {
-				regsub -all "\[{}\]" $value {"} value
-				git config $name $value
-			}
-			set repo_config($name) $value
+	set cmdp [_git_cmd [lindex $args 0]]
+	set args [lrange $args 1 end]
+
+	_trace_exec [concat $opt $cmdp $args]
+	return [open [concat [list | ] $opt $cmdp $args] w]
+}
+
+proc githook_read {hook_name args} {
+	set pchook [gitdir hooks $hook_name]
+	lappend args 2>@1
+
+	# On Windows [file executable] might lie so we need to ask
+	# the shell if the hook is executable.  Yes that's annoying.
+	#
+	if {[is_Windows]} {
+		upvar #0 _sh interp
+		if {![info exists interp]} {
+			set interp [_which sh]
 		}
+		if {$interp eq {}} {
+			error "hook execution requires sh (not in PATH)"
+		}
+
+		set scr {if test -x "$1";then exec "$@";fi}
+		set sh_c [list $interp -c $scr $interp $pchook]
+		return [_open_stdout_stderr [concat $sh_c $args]]
 	}
+
+	if {[file executable $pchook]} {
+		return [_open_stdout_stderr [concat [list $pchook] $args]]
+	}
+
+	return {}
 }
 
-######################################################################
-##
-## handy utils
+proc kill_file_process {fd} {
+	set process [pid $fd]
 
-proc git {args} {
-	return [eval exec git $args]
+	catch {
+		if {[is_Windows]} {
+			# Use a Cygwin-specific flag to allow killing
+			# native Windows processes
+			exec kill -f $process
+		} else {
+			exec kill $process
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-proc error_popup {msg} {
-	set title [appname]
-	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
-		append title " ([reponame])"
+proc gitattr {path attr default} {
+	if {[catch {set r [git check-attr $attr -- $path]}]} {
+		set r unspecified
+	} else {
+		set r [join [lrange [split $r :] 2 end] :]
+		regsub {^ } $r {} r
 	}
-	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
-		-icon error \
-		-type ok \
-		-title "$title: error" \
-		-message $msg]
-	if {[winfo ismapped .]} {
-		lappend cmd -parent .
+	if {$r eq {unspecified}} {
+		return $default
 	}
-	eval $cmd
+	return $r
+}
+
+proc sq {value} {
+	regsub -all ' $value "'\\''" value
+	return "'$value'"
 }
 
-proc warn_popup {msg} {
-	set title [appname]
-	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
-		append title " ([reponame])"
+proc load_current_branch {} {
+	global current_branch is_detached
+
+	set fd [open [gitdir HEAD] r]
+	if {[gets $fd ref] < 1} {
+		set ref {}
 	}
-	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
-		-icon warning \
-		-type ok \
-		-title "$title: warning" \
-		-message $msg]
-	if {[winfo ismapped .]} {
-		lappend cmd -parent .
+	close $fd
+
+	set pfx {ref: refs/heads/}
+	set len [string length $pfx]
+	if {[string equal -length $len $pfx $ref]} {
+		# We're on a branch.  It might not exist.  But
+		# HEAD looks good enough to be a branch.
+		#
+		set current_branch [string range $ref $len end]
+		set is_detached 0
+	} else {
+		# Assume this is a detached head.
+		#
+		set current_branch HEAD
+		set is_detached 1
 	}
-	eval $cmd
 }
 
-proc info_popup {msg {parent .}} {
-	set title [appname]
-	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
-		append title " ([reponame])"
+auto_load tk_optionMenu
+rename tk_optionMenu real__tkOptionMenu
+proc tk_optionMenu {w varName args} {
+	set m [eval real__tkOptionMenu $w $varName $args]
+	$m configure -font font_ui
+	$w configure -font font_ui
+	return $m
+}
+
+proc rmsel_tag {text} {
+	$text tag conf sel \
+		-background [$text cget -background] \
+		-foreground [$text cget -foreground] \
+		-borderwidth 0
+	$text tag conf in_sel -background lightgray
+	bind $text <Motion> break
+	return $text
+}
+
+set root_exists 0
+bind . <Visibility> {
+	bind . <Visibility> {}
+	set root_exists 1
+}
+
+if {[is_Windows]} {
+	wm iconbitmap . -default $oguilib/git-gui.ico
+	set ::tk::AlwaysShowSelection 1
+
+	# Spoof an X11 display for SSH
+	if {![info exists env(DISPLAY)]} {
+		set env(DISPLAY) :9999
 	}
-	tk_messageBox \
-		-parent $parent \
-		-icon info \
-		-type ok \
-		-title $title \
-		-message $msg
+} else {
+	catch {
+		image create photo gitlogo -width 16 -height 16
+
+		gitlogo put #33CC33 -to  7  0  9  2
+		gitlogo put #33CC33 -to  4  2 12  4
+		gitlogo put #33CC33 -to  7  4  9  6
+		gitlogo put #CC3333 -to  4  6 12  8
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  4  9  6 10
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  3 10  6 12
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  8  9 13 11
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  8 11 10 12
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to 11 11 13 14
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  3 12  5 14
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  5 13
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to 10 13
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  4 14 12 15
+		gitlogo put gray26  -to  5 15 11 16
+		gitlogo redither
+
+		wm iconphoto . -default gitlogo
+	}
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## config defaults
+
+set cursor_ptr arrow
+font create font_diff -family Courier -size 10
+font create font_ui
+catch {
+	label .dummy
+	eval font configure font_ui [font actual [.dummy cget -font]]
+	destroy .dummy
+}
+
+font create font_uiitalic
+font create font_uibold
+font create font_diffbold
+font create font_diffitalic
+
+foreach class {Button Checkbutton Entry Label
+		Labelframe Listbox Message
+		Radiobutton Spinbox Text} {
+	option add *$class.font font_ui
+}
+if {![is_MacOSX]} {
+	option add *Menu.font font_ui
 }
+unset class
 
-proc ask_popup {msg} {
-	set title [appname]
-	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
-		append title " ([reponame])"
+if {[is_Windows] || [is_MacOSX]} {
+	option add *Menu.tearOff 0
+}
+
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	set M1B M1
+	set M1T Cmd
+} else {
+	set M1B Control
+	set M1T Ctrl
+}
+
+proc bind_button3 {w cmd} {
+	bind $w <Any-Button-3> $cmd
+	if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+		# Mac OS X sends Button-2 on right click through three-button mouse,
+		# or through trackpad right-clicking (two-finger touch + click).
+		bind $w <Any-Button-2> $cmd
+		bind $w <Control-Button-1> $cmd
+	}
+}
+
+proc apply_config {} {
+	global repo_config font_descs
+
+	foreach option $font_descs {
+		set name [lindex $option 0]
+		set font [lindex $option 1]
+		if {[catch {
+			set need_weight 1
+			foreach {cn cv} $repo_config(gui.$name) {
+				if {$cn eq {-weight}} {
+					set need_weight 0
+				}
+				font configure $font $cn $cv
+			}
+			if {$need_weight} {
+				font configure $font -weight normal
+			}
+			} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Invalid font specified in %s:" "gui.$name"] "\n\n$err"]
+		}
+		foreach {cn cv} [font configure $font] {
+			font configure ${font}bold $cn $cv
+			font configure ${font}italic $cn $cv
+		}
+		font configure ${font}bold -weight bold
+		font configure ${font}italic -slant italic
 	}
-	return [tk_messageBox \
-		-parent . \
-		-icon question \
-		-type yesno \
-		-title $title \
-		-message $msg]
+}
+
+set default_config(branch.autosetupmerge) true
+set default_config(merge.tool) {}
+set default_config(mergetool.keepbackup) true
+set default_config(merge.diffstat) true
+set default_config(merge.summary) false
+set default_config(merge.verbosity) 2
+set default_config(user.name) {}
+set default_config(user.email) {}
+
+set default_config(gui.encoding) [encoding system]
+set default_config(gui.matchtrackingbranch) false
+set default_config(gui.pruneduringfetch) false
+set default_config(gui.trustmtime) false
+set default_config(gui.fastcopyblame) false
+set default_config(gui.copyblamethreshold) 40
+set default_config(gui.blamehistoryctx) 7
+set default_config(gui.diffcontext) 5
+set default_config(gui.commitmsgwidth) 75
+set default_config(gui.newbranchtemplate) {}
+set default_config(gui.spellingdictionary) {}
+set default_config(gui.fontui) [font configure font_ui]
+set default_config(gui.fontdiff) [font configure font_diff]
+set font_descs {
+	{fontui   font_ui   {mc "Main Font"}}
+	{fontdiff font_diff {mc "Diff/Console Font"}}
 }
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
-## version check
+## find git
 
-if {{--version} eq $argv || {version} eq $argv} {
-	puts "git-gui version $appvers"
-	exit
+set _git  [_which git]
+if {$_git eq {}} {
+	catch {wm withdraw .}
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message [mc "Cannot find git in PATH."]
+	exit 1
 }
 
-set req_maj 1
-set req_min 5
+######################################################################
+##
+## version check
 
-if {[catch {set v [git --version]} err]} {
+if {[catch {set _git_version [git --version]} err]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "Cannot determine Git version:
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message "Cannot determine Git version:
 
 $err
 
-[appname] requires Git $req_maj.$req_min or later."
+[appname] requires Git 1.5.0 or later."
+	exit 1
+}
+if {![regsub {^git version } $_git_version {} _git_version]} {
+	catch {wm withdraw .}
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message [strcat [mc "Cannot parse Git version string:"] "\n\n$_git_version"]
 	exit 1
 }
-if {[regexp {^git version (\d+)\.(\d+)} $v _junk act_maj act_min]} {
-	if {$act_maj < $req_maj
-		|| ($act_maj == $req_maj && $act_min < $req_min)} {
-		catch {wm withdraw .}
-		error_popup "[appname] requires Git $req_maj.$req_min or later.
 
-You are using $v."
+set _real_git_version $_git_version
+regsub -- {[\-\.]dirty$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.[0-9]+\.g[0-9a-f]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.GIT$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+
+if {![regexp {^[1-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+$} $_git_version]} {
+	catch {wm withdraw .}
+	if {[tk_messageBox \
+		-icon warning \
+		-type yesno \
+		-default no \
+		-title "[appname]: warning" \
+		 -message [mc "Git version cannot be determined.
+
+%s claims it is version '%s'.
+
+%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.
+
+Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?
+" $_git $_real_git_version [appname] $_real_git_version]] eq {yes}} {
+		set _git_version 1.5.0
+	} else {
 		exit 1
 	}
-} else {
+}
+unset _real_git_version
+
+proc git-version {args} {
+	global _git_version
+
+	switch [llength $args] {
+	0 {
+		return $_git_version
+	}
+
+	2 {
+		set op [lindex $args 0]
+		set vr [lindex $args 1]
+		set cm [package vcompare $_git_version $vr]
+		return [expr $cm $op 0]
+	}
+
+	4 {
+		set type [lindex $args 0]
+		set name [lindex $args 1]
+		set parm [lindex $args 2]
+		set body [lindex $args 3]
+
+		if {($type ne {proc} && $type ne {method})} {
+			error "Invalid arguments to git-version"
+		}
+		if {[llength $body] < 2 || [lindex $body end-1] ne {default}} {
+			error "Last arm of $type $name must be default"
+		}
+
+		foreach {op vr cb} [lrange $body 0 end-2] {
+			if {[git-version $op $vr]} {
+				return [uplevel [list $type $name $parm $cb]]
+			}
+		}
+
+		return [uplevel [list $type $name $parm [lindex $body end]]]
+	}
+
+	default {
+		error "git-version >= x"
+	}
+
+	}
+}
+
+if {[git-version < 1.5]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "Cannot parse Git version string:\n\n$v"
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message "[appname] requires Git 1.5.0 or later.
+
+You are using [git-version]:
+
+[git --version]"
 	exit 1
 }
-unset -nocomplain v _junk act_maj act_min req_maj req_min
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
-## repository setup
+## configure our library
 
-if {   [catch {set _gitdir $env(GIT_DIR)}]
-	&& [catch {set _gitdir [git rev-parse --git-dir]} err]} {
+set idx [file join $oguilib tclIndex]
+if {[catch {set fd [open $idx r]} err]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "Cannot find the git directory:\n\n$err"
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [mc "git-gui: fatal error"] \
+		-message $err
 	exit 1
 }
+if {[gets $fd] eq {# Autogenerated by git-gui Makefile}} {
+	set idx [list]
+	while {[gets $fd n] >= 0} {
+		if {$n ne {} && ![string match #* $n]} {
+			lappend idx $n
+		}
+	}
+} else {
+	set idx {}
+}
+close $fd
+
+if {$idx ne {}} {
+	set loaded [list]
+	foreach p $idx {
+		if {[lsearch -exact $loaded $p] >= 0} continue
+		source [file join $oguilib $p]
+		lappend loaded $p
+	}
+	unset loaded p
+} else {
+	set auto_path [concat [list $oguilib] $auto_path]
+}
+unset -nocomplain idx fd
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## config file parsing
+
+git-version proc _parse_config {arr_name args} {
+	>= 1.5.3 {
+		upvar $arr_name arr
+		array unset arr
+		set buf {}
+		catch {
+			set fd_rc [eval \
+				[list git_read config] \
+				$args \
+				[list --null --list]]
+			fconfigure $fd_rc -translation binary
+			set buf [read $fd_rc]
+			close $fd_rc
+		}
+		foreach line [split $buf "\0"] {
+			if {[regexp {^([^\n]+)\n(.*)$} $line line name value]} {
+				if {[is_many_config $name]} {
+					lappend arr($name) $value
+				} else {
+					set arr($name) $value
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	default {
+		upvar $arr_name arr
+		array unset arr
+		catch {
+			set fd_rc [eval [list git_read config --list] $args]
+			while {[gets $fd_rc line] >= 0} {
+				if {[regexp {^([^=]+)=(.*)$} $line line name value]} {
+					if {[is_many_config $name]} {
+						lappend arr($name) $value
+					} else {
+						set arr($name) $value
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			close $fd_rc
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc load_config {include_global} {
+	global repo_config global_config system_config default_config
+
+	if {$include_global} {
+		_parse_config system_config --system
+		_parse_config global_config --global
+	}
+	_parse_config repo_config
+
+	foreach name [array names default_config] {
+		if {[catch {set v $system_config($name)}]} {
+			set system_config($name) $default_config($name)
+		}
+	}
+	foreach name [array names system_config] {
+		if {[catch {set v $global_config($name)}]} {
+			set global_config($name) $system_config($name)
+		}
+		if {[catch {set v $repo_config($name)}]} {
+			set repo_config($name) $system_config($name)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## feature option selection
+
+if {[regexp {^git-(.+)$} [file tail $argv0] _junk subcommand]} {
+	unset _junk
+} else {
+	set subcommand gui
+}
+if {$subcommand eq {gui.sh}} {
+	set subcommand gui
+}
+if {$subcommand eq {gui} && [llength $argv] > 0} {
+	set subcommand [lindex $argv 0]
+	set argv [lrange $argv 1 end]
+}
+
+enable_option multicommit
+enable_option branch
+enable_option transport
+disable_option bare
+
+switch -- $subcommand {
+browser -
+blame {
+	enable_option bare
+
+	disable_option multicommit
+	disable_option branch
+	disable_option transport
+}
+citool {
+	enable_option singlecommit
+	enable_option retcode
+
+	disable_option multicommit
+	disable_option branch
+	disable_option transport
+
+	while {[llength $argv] > 0} {
+		set a [lindex $argv 0]
+		switch -- $a {
+		--amend {
+			enable_option initialamend
+		}
+		--nocommit {
+			enable_option nocommit
+			enable_option nocommitmsg
+		}
+		--commitmsg {
+			disable_option nocommitmsg
+		}
+		default {
+			break
+		}
+		}
+
+		set argv [lrange $argv 1 end]
+	}
+}
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## execution environment
+
+set have_tk85 [expr {[package vcompare $tk_version "8.5"] >= 0}]
+
+# Suggest our implementation of askpass, if none is set
+if {![info exists env(SSH_ASKPASS)]} {
+	set env(SSH_ASKPASS) [gitexec git-gui--askpass]
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## repository setup
+
+set picked 0
+if {[catch {
+		set _gitdir $env(GIT_DIR)
+		set _prefix {}
+		}]
+	&& [catch {
+		set _gitdir [git rev-parse --git-dir]
+		set _prefix [git rev-parse --show-prefix]
+	} err]} {
+	load_config 1
+	apply_config
+	choose_repository::pick
+	set picked 1
+}
 if {![file isdirectory $_gitdir] && [is_Cygwin]} {
-	catch {set _gitdir [exec cygpath --unix $_gitdir]}
+	catch {set _gitdir [exec cygpath --windows $_gitdir]}
 }
 if {![file isdirectory $_gitdir]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "Git directory not found:\n\n$_gitdir"
+	error_popup [strcat [mc "Git directory not found:"] "\n\n$_gitdir"]
 	exit 1
 }
-if {[lindex [file split $_gitdir] end] ne {.git}} {
-	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "Cannot use funny .git directory:\n\n$_gitdir"
-	exit 1
+if {$_prefix ne {}} {
+	regsub -all {[^/]+/} $_prefix ../ cdup
+	if {[catch {cd $cdup} err]} {
+		catch {wm withdraw .}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot move to top of working directory:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		exit 1
+	}
+	unset cdup
+} elseif {![is_enabled bare]} {
+	if {[lindex [file split $_gitdir] end] ne {.git}} {
+		catch {wm withdraw .}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot use funny .git directory:"] "\n\n$_gitdir"]
+		exit 1
+	}
+	if {[catch {cd [file dirname $_gitdir]} err]} {
+		catch {wm withdraw .}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "No working directory"] " [file dirname $_gitdir]:\n\n$err"]
+		exit 1
+	}
 }
-if {[catch {cd [file dirname $_gitdir]} err]} {
-	catch {wm withdraw .}
-	error_popup "No working directory [file dirname $_gitdir]:\n\n$err"
-	exit 1
+set _reponame [file split [file normalize $_gitdir]]
+if {[lindex $_reponame end] eq {.git}} {
+	set _reponame [lindex $_reponame end-1]
+} else {
+	set _reponame [lindex $_reponame end]
 }
-set _reponame [lindex [file split \
-	[file normalize [file dirname $_gitdir]]] \
-	end]
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
@@ -371,7 +1122,6 @@ set _reponame [lindex [file split \
 set current_diff_path {}
 set current_diff_side {}
 set diff_actions [list]
-set ui_status_value {Initializing...}
 
 set HEAD {}
 set PARENT {}
@@ -379,8 +1129,15 @@ set MERGE_HEAD [list]
 set commit_type {}
 set empty_tree {}
 set current_branch {}
+set is_detached 0
 set current_diff_path {}
+set is_3way_diff 0
+set is_conflict_diff 0
 set selected_commit_type new
+set diff_empty_count 0
+
+set nullid "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+set nullid2 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
@@ -428,15 +1185,7 @@ proc repository_state {ctvar hdvar mhvar} {
 
 	set mh [list]
 
-	if {[catch {set current_branch [git symbolic-ref HEAD]}]} {
-		set current_branch {}
-	} else {
-		regsub ^refs/((heads|tags|remotes)/)? \
-			$current_branch \
-			{} \
-			current_branch
-	}
-
+	load_current_branch
 	if {[catch {set hd [git rev-parse --verify HEAD]}]} {
 		set hd {}
 		set ct initial
@@ -470,9 +1219,23 @@ proc PARENT {} {
 	return $empty_tree
 }
 
+proc force_amend {} {
+	global selected_commit_type
+	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type
+
+	repository_state newType newHEAD newMERGE_HEAD
+	set HEAD $newHEAD
+	set PARENT $newHEAD
+	set MERGE_HEAD $newMERGE_HEAD
+	set commit_type $newType
+
+	set selected_commit_type amend
+	do_select_commit_type
+}
+
 proc rescan {after {honor_trustmtime 1}} {
 	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type
-	global ui_index ui_workdir ui_status_value ui_comm
+	global ui_index ui_workdir ui_comm
 	global rescan_active file_states
 	global repo_config
 
@@ -491,9 +1254,12 @@ proc rescan {after {honor_trustmtime 1}} {
 
 	array unset file_states
 
-	if {![$ui_comm edit modified]
-		|| [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]] eq {}} {
-		if {[load_message GITGUI_MSG]} {
+	if {!$::GITGUI_BCK_exists &&
+		(![$ui_comm edit modified]
+		|| [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]] eq {})} {
+		if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		} elseif {[load_message GITGUI_MSG]} {
+		} elseif {[run_prepare_commit_msg_hook]} {
 		} elseif {[load_message MERGE_MSG]} {
 		} elseif {[load_message SQUASH_MSG]} {
 		}
@@ -501,30 +1267,44 @@ proc rescan {after {honor_trustmtime 1}} {
 		$ui_comm edit modified false
 	}
 
-	if {[is_enabled branch]} {
-		load_all_heads
-		populate_branch_menu
-	}
-
 	if {$honor_trustmtime && $repo_config(gui.trustmtime) eq {true}} {
 		rescan_stage2 {} $after
 	} else {
 		set rescan_active 1
-		set ui_status_value {Refreshing file status...}
-		set cmd [list git update-index]
-		lappend cmd -q
-		lappend cmd --unmerged
-		lappend cmd --ignore-missing
-		lappend cmd --refresh
-		set fd_rf [open "| $cmd" r]
+		ui_status [mc "Refreshing file status..."]
+		set fd_rf [git_read update-index \
+			-q \
+			--unmerged \
+			--ignore-missing \
+			--refresh \
+			]
 		fconfigure $fd_rf -blocking 0 -translation binary
 		fileevent $fd_rf readable \
 			[list rescan_stage2 $fd_rf $after]
 	}
 }
 
+if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+	set is_git_info_exclude {}
+	proc have_info_exclude {} {
+		global is_git_info_exclude
+
+		if {$is_git_info_exclude eq {}} {
+			if {[catch {exec test -f [gitdir info exclude]}]} {
+				set is_git_info_exclude 0
+			} else {
+				set is_git_info_exclude 1
+			}
+		}
+		return $is_git_info_exclude
+	}
+} else {
+	proc have_info_exclude {} {
+		return [file readable [gitdir info exclude]]
+	}
+}
+
 proc rescan_stage2 {fd after} {
-	global ui_status_value
 	global rescan_active buf_rdi buf_rdf buf_rlo
 
 	if {$fd ne {}} {
@@ -533,11 +1313,13 @@ proc rescan_stage2 {fd after} {
 		close $fd
 	}
 
-	set ls_others [list | git ls-files --others -z \
-		--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore]
-	set info_exclude [gitdir info exclude]
-	if {[file readable $info_exclude]} {
-		lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=$info_exclude"
+	set ls_others [list --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore]
+	if {[have_info_exclude]} {
+		lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=[gitdir info exclude]"
+	}
+	set user_exclude [get_config core.excludesfile]
+	if {$user_exclude ne {} && [file readable $user_exclude]} {
+		lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=$user_exclude"
 	}
 
 	set buf_rdi {}
@@ -545,10 +1327,10 @@ proc rescan_stage2 {fd after} {
 	set buf_rlo {}
 
 	set rescan_active 3
-	set ui_status_value {Scanning for modified files ...}
-	set fd_di [open "| git diff-index --cached -z [PARENT]" r]
-	set fd_df [open "| git diff-files -z" r]
-	set fd_lo [open $ls_others r]
+	ui_status [mc "Scanning for modified files ..."]
+	set fd_di [git_read diff-index --cached -z [PARENT]]
+	set fd_df [git_read diff-files -z]
+	set fd_lo [eval git_read ls-files --others -z $ls_others]
 
 	fconfigure $fd_di -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
 	fconfigure $fd_df -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
@@ -566,6 +1348,7 @@ proc load_message {file} {
 		if {[catch {set fd [open $f r]}]} {
 			return 0
 		}
+		fconfigure $fd -eofchar {}
 		set content [string trim [read $fd]]
 		close $fd
 		regsub -all -line {[ \r\t]+$} $content {} content
@@ -576,6 +1359,70 @@ proc load_message {file} {
 	return 0
 }
 
+proc run_prepare_commit_msg_hook {} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	# prepare-commit-msg requires PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG exist.  From git-gui
+	# it will be .git/MERGE_MSG (merge), .git/SQUASH_MSG (squash), or an
+	# empty file but existant file.
+
+	set fd_pcm [open [gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG] a]
+
+	if {[file isfile [gitdir MERGE_MSG]]} {
+		set pcm_source "merge"
+		set fd_mm [open [gitdir MERGE_MSG] r]
+		puts -nonewline $fd_pcm [read $fd_mm]
+		close $fd_mm
+	} elseif {[file isfile [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]]} {
+		set pcm_source "squash"
+		set fd_sm [open [gitdir SQUASH_MSG] r]
+		puts -nonewline $fd_pcm [read $fd_sm]
+		close $fd_sm
+	} else {
+		set pcm_source ""
+	}
+
+	close $fd_pcm
+
+	set fd_ph [githook_read prepare-commit-msg \
+			[gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG] $pcm_source]
+	if {$fd_ph eq {}} {
+		catch {file delete [gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG]}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ui_status [mc "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."]
+	set pch_error {}
+
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+	fileevent $fd_ph readable \
+		[list prepare_commit_msg_hook_wait $fd_ph]
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+proc prepare_commit_msg_hook_wait {fd_ph} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			ui_status [mc "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."]
+			hook_failed_popup prepare-commit-msg $pch_error
+			catch {file delete [gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG]}
+			exit 1
+		} else {
+			load_message PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG
+		}
+		set pch_error {}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG]}
+		return
+        }
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+	catch {file delete [gitdir PREPARE_COMMIT_MSG]}
+}
+
 proc read_diff_index {fd after} {
 	global buf_rdi
 
@@ -649,13 +1496,17 @@ proc read_ls_others {fd after} {
 	set pck [split $buf_rlo "\0"]
 	set buf_rlo [lindex $pck end]
 	foreach p [lrange $pck 0 end-1] {
-		merge_state [encoding convertfrom $p] ?O
+		set p [encoding convertfrom $p]
+		if {[string index $p end] eq {/}} {
+			set p [string range $p 0 end-1]
+		}
+		merge_state $p ?O
 	}
 	rescan_done $fd buf_rlo $after
 }
 
 proc rescan_done {fd buf after} {
-	global rescan_active
+	global rescan_active current_diff_path
 	global file_states repo_config
 	upvar $buf to_clear
 
@@ -667,8 +1518,8 @@ proc rescan_done {fd buf after} {
 	prune_selection
 	unlock_index
 	display_all_files
-	reshow_diff
-	uplevel #0 $after
+	if {$current_diff_path ne {}} { reshow_diff $after }
+	if {$current_diff_path eq {}} { select_first_diff $after }
 }
 
 proc prune_selection {} {
@@ -683,768 +1534,6 @@ proc prune_selection {} {
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
-## diff
-
-proc clear_diff {} {
-	global ui_diff current_diff_path current_diff_header
-	global ui_index ui_workdir
-
-	$ui_diff conf -state normal
-	$ui_diff delete 0.0 end
-	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
-
-	set current_diff_path {}
-	set current_diff_header {}
-
-	$ui_index tag remove in_diff 0.0 end
-	$ui_workdir tag remove in_diff 0.0 end
-}
-
-proc reshow_diff {} {
-	global ui_status_value file_states file_lists
-	global current_diff_path current_diff_side
-
-	set p $current_diff_path
-	if {$p eq {}} {
-		# No diff is being shown.
-	} elseif {$current_diff_side eq {}
-		|| [catch {set s $file_states($p)}]
-		|| [lsearch -sorted -exact $file_lists($current_diff_side) $p] == -1} {
-		clear_diff
-	} else {
-		show_diff $p $current_diff_side
-	}
-}
-
-proc handle_empty_diff {} {
-	global current_diff_path file_states file_lists
-
-	set path $current_diff_path
-	set s $file_states($path)
-	if {[lindex $s 0] ne {_M}} return
-
-	info_popup "No differences detected.
-
-[short_path $path] has no changes.
-
-The modification date of this file was updated
-by another application, but the content within
-the file was not changed.
-
-A rescan will be automatically started to find
-other files which may have the same state."
-
-	clear_diff
-	display_file $path __
-	rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}} 0
-}
-
-proc show_diff {path w {lno {}}} {
-	global file_states file_lists
-	global is_3way_diff diff_active repo_config
-	global ui_diff ui_status_value ui_index ui_workdir
-	global current_diff_path current_diff_side current_diff_header
-
-	if {$diff_active || ![lock_index read]} return
-
-	clear_diff
-	if {$lno == {}} {
-		set lno [lsearch -sorted -exact $file_lists($w) $path]
-		if {$lno >= 0} {
-			incr lno
-		}
-	}
-	if {$lno >= 1} {
-		$w tag add in_diff $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
-	}
-
-	set s $file_states($path)
-	set m [lindex $s 0]
-	set is_3way_diff 0
-	set diff_active 1
-	set current_diff_path $path
-	set current_diff_side $w
-	set current_diff_header {}
-	set ui_status_value "Loading diff of [escape_path $path]..."
-
-	# - Git won't give us the diff, there's nothing to compare to!
-	#
-	if {$m eq {_O}} {
-		set max_sz [expr {128 * 1024}]
-		if {[catch {
-				set fd [open $path r]
-				set content [read $fd $max_sz]
-				close $fd
-				set sz [file size $path]
-			} err ]} {
-			set diff_active 0
-			unlock_index
-			set ui_status_value "Unable to display [escape_path $path]"
-			error_popup "Error loading file:\n\n$err"
-			return
-		}
-		$ui_diff conf -state normal
-		if {![catch {set type [exec file $path]}]} {
-			set n [string length $path]
-			if {[string equal -length $n $path $type]} {
-				set type [string range $type $n end]
-				regsub {^:?\s*} $type {} type
-			}
-			$ui_diff insert end "* $type\n" d_@
-		}
-		if {[string first "\0" $content] != -1} {
-			$ui_diff insert end \
-				"* Binary file (not showing content)." \
-				d_@
-		} else {
-			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
-				$ui_diff insert end \
-"* Untracked file is $sz bytes.
-* Showing only first $max_sz bytes.
-" d_@
-			}
-			$ui_diff insert end $content
-			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
-				$ui_diff insert end "
-* Untracked file clipped here by [appname].
-* To see the entire file, use an external editor.
-" d_@
-			}
-		}
-		$ui_diff conf -state disabled
-		set diff_active 0
-		unlock_index
-		set ui_status_value {Ready.}
-		return
-	}
-
-	set cmd [list | git]
-	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
-		lappend cmd diff-index
-		lappend cmd --cached
-	} elseif {$w eq $ui_workdir} {
-		if {[string index $m 0] eq {U}} {
-			lappend cmd diff
-		} else {
-			lappend cmd diff-files
-		}
-	}
-
-	lappend cmd -p
-	lappend cmd --no-color
-	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) > 0} {
-		lappend cmd "-U$repo_config(gui.diffcontext)"
-	}
-	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
-		lappend cmd [PARENT]
-	}
-	lappend cmd --
-	lappend cmd $path
-
-	if {[catch {set fd [open $cmd r]} err]} {
-		set diff_active 0
-		unlock_index
-		set ui_status_value "Unable to display [escape_path $path]"
-		error_popup "Error loading diff:\n\n$err"
-		return
-	}
-
-	fconfigure $fd \
-		-blocking 0 \
-		-encoding binary \
-		-translation binary
-	fileevent $fd readable [list read_diff $fd]
-}
-
-proc read_diff {fd} {
-	global ui_diff ui_status_value diff_active
-	global is_3way_diff current_diff_header
-
-	$ui_diff conf -state normal
-	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-		# -- Cleanup uninteresting diff header lines.
-		#
-		if {   [string match {diff --git *}      $line]
-			|| [string match {diff --cc *}       $line]
-			|| [string match {diff --combined *} $line]
-			|| [string match {--- *}             $line]
-			|| [string match {+++ *}             $line]} {
-			append current_diff_header $line "\n"
-			continue
-		}
-		if {[string match {index *} $line]} continue
-		if {$line eq {deleted file mode 120000}} {
-			set line "deleted symlink"
-		}
-
-		# -- Automatically detect if this is a 3 way diff.
-		#
-		if {[string match {@@@ *} $line]} {set is_3way_diff 1}
-
-		if {[string match {mode *} $line]
-			|| [string match {new file *} $line]
-			|| [string match {deleted file *} $line]
-			|| [string match {Binary files * and * differ} $line]
-			|| $line eq {\ No newline at end of file}
-			|| [regexp {^\* Unmerged path } $line]} {
-			set tags {}
-		} elseif {$is_3way_diff} {
-			set op [string range $line 0 1]
-			switch -- $op {
-			{  } {set tags {}}
-			{@@} {set tags d_@}
-			{ +} {set tags d_s+}
-			{ -} {set tags d_s-}
-			{+ } {set tags d_+s}
-			{- } {set tags d_-s}
-			{--} {set tags d_--}
-			{++} {
-				if {[regexp {^\+\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
-					set line [string replace $line 0 1 {  }]
-					set tags d$op
-				} else {
-					set tags d_++
-				}
-			}
-			default {
-				puts "error: Unhandled 3 way diff marker: {$op}"
-				set tags {}
-			}
-			}
-		} else {
-			set op [string index $line 0]
-			switch -- $op {
-			{ } {set tags {}}
-			{@} {set tags d_@}
-			{-} {set tags d_-}
-			{+} {
-				if {[regexp {^\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
-					set line [string replace $line 0 0 { }]
-					set tags d$op
-				} else {
-					set tags d_+
-				}
-			}
-			default {
-				puts "error: Unhandled 2 way diff marker: {$op}"
-				set tags {}
-			}
-			}
-		}
-		$ui_diff insert end $line $tags
-		if {[string index $line end] eq "\r"} {
-			$ui_diff tag add d_cr {end - 2c}
-		}
-		$ui_diff insert end "\n" $tags
-	}
-	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
-
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
-		set diff_active 0
-		unlock_index
-		set ui_status_value {Ready.}
-
-		if {[$ui_diff index end] eq {2.0}} {
-			handle_empty_diff
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc apply_hunk {x y} {
-	global current_diff_path current_diff_header current_diff_side
-	global ui_diff ui_index file_states
-
-	if {$current_diff_path eq {} || $current_diff_header eq {}} return
-	if {![lock_index apply_hunk]} return
-
-	set apply_cmd {git apply --cached --whitespace=nowarn}
-	set mi [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
-	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
-		set mode unstage
-		lappend apply_cmd --reverse
-		if {[string index $mi 0] ne {M}} {
-			unlock_index
-			return
-		}
-	} else {
-		set mode stage
-		if {[string index $mi 1] ne {M}} {
-			unlock_index
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	set s_lno [lindex [split [$ui_diff index @$x,$y] .] 0]
-	set s_lno [$ui_diff search -backwards -regexp ^@@ $s_lno.0 0.0]
-	if {$s_lno eq {}} {
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	set e_lno [$ui_diff search -forwards -regexp ^@@ "$s_lno + 1 lines" end]
-	if {$e_lno eq {}} {
-		set e_lno end
-	}
-
-	if {[catch {
-		set p [open "| $apply_cmd" w]
-		fconfigure $p -translation binary -encoding binary
-		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
-		puts -nonewline $p [$ui_diff get $s_lno $e_lno]
-		close $p} err]} {
-		error_popup "Failed to $mode selected hunk.\n\n$err"
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	$ui_diff conf -state normal
-	$ui_diff delete $s_lno $e_lno
-	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
-
-	if {[$ui_diff get 1.0 end] eq "\n"} {
-		set o _
-	} else {
-		set o ?
-	}
-
-	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
-		set mi ${o}M
-	} elseif {[string index $mi 0] eq {_}} {
-		set mi M$o
-	} else {
-		set mi ?$o
-	}
-	unlock_index
-	display_file $current_diff_path $mi
-	if {$o eq {_}} {
-		clear_diff
-	}
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## commit
-
-proc load_last_commit {} {
-	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type ui_comm
-	global repo_config
-
-	if {[llength $PARENT] == 0} {
-		error_popup {There is nothing to amend.
-
-You are about to create the initial commit.
-There is no commit before this to amend.
-}
-		return
-	}
-
-	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
-	if {$curType eq {merge}} {
-		error_popup {Cannot amend while merging.
-
-You are currently in the middle of a merge that
-has not been fully completed.  You cannot amend
-the prior commit unless you first abort the
-current merge activity.
-}
-		return
-	}
-
-	set msg {}
-	set parents [list]
-	if {[catch {
-			set fd [open "| git cat-file commit $curHEAD" r]
-			fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
-			if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-				set enc utf-8
-			}
-			while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
-				if {[string match {parent *} $line]} {
-					lappend parents [string range $line 7 end]
-				} elseif {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
-					set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
-				}
-			}
-			fconfigure $fd -encoding $enc
-			set msg [string trim [read $fd]]
-			close $fd
-		} err]} {
-		error_popup "Error loading commit data for amend:\n\n$err"
-		return
-	}
-
-	set HEAD $curHEAD
-	set PARENT $parents
-	set MERGE_HEAD [list]
-	switch -- [llength $parents] {
-	0       {set commit_type amend-initial}
-	1       {set commit_type amend}
-	default {set commit_type amend-merge}
-	}
-
-	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
-	$ui_comm insert end $msg
-	$ui_comm edit reset
-	$ui_comm edit modified false
-	rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
-}
-
-proc create_new_commit {} {
-	global commit_type ui_comm
-
-	set commit_type normal
-	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
-	$ui_comm edit reset
-	$ui_comm edit modified false
-	rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
-}
-
-set GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT {}
-
-proc committer_ident {} {
-	global GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
-
-	if {$GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT eq {}} {
-		if {[catch {set me [git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT]} err]} {
-			error_popup "Unable to obtain your identity:\n\n$err"
-			return {}
-		}
-		if {![regexp {^(.*) [0-9]+ [-+0-9]+$} \
-			$me me GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT]} {
-			error_popup "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:\n\n$me"
-			return {}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return $GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
-}
-
-proc commit_tree {} {
-	global HEAD commit_type file_states ui_comm repo_config
-	global ui_status_value pch_error
-
-	if {[committer_ident] eq {}} return
-	if {![lock_index update]} return
-
-	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
-	#
-	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
-	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]
-		&& $curType eq {normal}
-		&& $curHEAD eq $HEAD} {
-	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
-		info_popup {Last scanned state does not match repository state.
-
-Another Git program has modified this repository
-since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed
-before another commit can be created.
-
-The rescan will be automatically started now.
-}
-		unlock_index
-		rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- At least one file should differ in the index.
-	#
-	set files_ready 0
-	foreach path [array names file_states] {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		_? {continue}
-		A? -
-		D? -
-		M? {set files_ready 1}
-		U? {
-			error_popup "Unmerged files cannot be committed.
-
-File [short_path $path] has merge conflicts.
-You must resolve them and add the file before committing.
-"
-			unlock_index
-			return
-		}
-		default {
-			error_popup "Unknown file state [lindex $s 0] detected.
-
-File [short_path $path] cannot be committed by this program.
-"
-		}
-		}
-	}
-	if {!$files_ready && ![string match *merge $curType]} {
-		info_popup {No changes to commit.
-
-You must add at least 1 file before you can commit.
-}
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- A message is required.
-	#
-	set msg [string trim [$ui_comm get 1.0 end]]
-	regsub -all -line {[ \t\r]+$} $msg {} msg
-	if {$msg eq {}} {
-		error_popup {Please supply a commit message.
-
-A good commit message has the following format:
-
-- First line: Describe in one sentance what you did.
-- Second line: Blank
-- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.
-}
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Run the pre-commit hook.
-	#
-	set pchook [gitdir hooks pre-commit]
-
-	# On Cygwin [file executable] might lie so we need to ask
-	# the shell if the hook is executable.  Yes that's annoying.
-	#
-	if {[is_Cygwin] && [file isfile $pchook]} {
-		set pchook [list sh -c [concat \
-			"if test -x \"$pchook\";" \
-			"then exec \"$pchook\" 2>&1;" \
-			"fi"]]
-	} elseif {[file executable $pchook]} {
-		set pchook [list $pchook |& cat]
-	} else {
-		commit_writetree $curHEAD $msg
-		return
-	}
-
-	set ui_status_value {Calling pre-commit hook...}
-	set pch_error {}
-	set fd_ph [open "| $pchook" r]
-	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary
-	fileevent $fd_ph readable \
-		[list commit_prehook_wait $fd_ph $curHEAD $msg]
-}
-
-proc commit_prehook_wait {fd_ph curHEAD msg} {
-	global pch_error ui_status_value
-
-	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
-	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
-	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
-		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
-			set ui_status_value {Commit declined by pre-commit hook.}
-			hook_failed_popup pre-commit $pch_error
-			unlock_index
-		} else {
-			commit_writetree $curHEAD $msg
-		}
-		set pch_error {}
-		return
-	}
-	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
-}
-
-proc commit_writetree {curHEAD msg} {
-	global ui_status_value
-
-	set ui_status_value {Committing changes...}
-	set fd_wt [open "| git write-tree" r]
-	fileevent $fd_wt readable \
-		[list commit_committree $fd_wt $curHEAD $msg]
-}
-
-proc commit_committree {fd_wt curHEAD msg} {
-	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type
-	global all_heads current_branch
-	global ui_status_value ui_comm selected_commit_type
-	global file_states selected_paths rescan_active
-	global repo_config
-
-	gets $fd_wt tree_id
-	if {$tree_id eq {} || [catch {close $fd_wt} err]} {
-		error_popup "write-tree failed:\n\n$err"
-		set ui_status_value {Commit failed.}
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Verify this wasn't an empty change.
-	#
-	if {$commit_type eq {normal}} {
-		set old_tree [git rev-parse "$PARENT^{tree}"]
-		if {$tree_id eq $old_tree} {
-			info_popup {No changes to commit.
-
-No files were modified by this commit and it
-was not a merge commit.
-
-A rescan will be automatically started now.
-}
-			unlock_index
-			rescan {set ui_status_value {No changes to commit.}}
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	# -- Build the message.
-	#
-	set msg_p [gitdir COMMIT_EDITMSG]
-	set msg_wt [open $msg_p w]
-	if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-		set enc utf-8
-	}
-	fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding $enc -translation binary
-	puts -nonewline $msg_wt $msg
-	close $msg_wt
-
-	# -- Create the commit.
-	#
-	set cmd [list git commit-tree $tree_id]
-	foreach p [concat $PARENT $MERGE_HEAD] {
-		lappend cmd -p $p
-	}
-	lappend cmd <$msg_p
-	if {[catch {set cmt_id [eval exec $cmd]} err]} {
-		error_popup "commit-tree failed:\n\n$err"
-		set ui_status_value {Commit failed.}
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Update the HEAD ref.
-	#
-	set reflogm commit
-	if {$commit_type ne {normal}} {
-		append reflogm " ($commit_type)"
-	}
-	set i [string first "\n" $msg]
-	if {$i >= 0} {
-		append reflogm {: } [string range $msg 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
-	} else {
-		append reflogm {: } $msg
-	}
-	set cmd [list git update-ref -m $reflogm HEAD $cmt_id $curHEAD]
-	if {[catch {eval exec $cmd} err]} {
-		error_popup "update-ref failed:\n\n$err"
-		set ui_status_value {Commit failed.}
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Cleanup after ourselves.
-	#
-	catch {file delete $msg_p}
-	catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_HEAD]}
-	catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_MSG]}
-	catch {file delete [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]}
-	catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
-
-	# -- Let rerere do its thing.
-	#
-	if {[file isdirectory [gitdir rr-cache]]} {
-		catch {git rerere}
-	}
-
-	# -- Run the post-commit hook.
-	#
-	set pchook [gitdir hooks post-commit]
-	if {[is_Cygwin] && [file isfile $pchook]} {
-		set pchook [list sh -c [concat \
-			"if test -x \"$pchook\";" \
-			"then exec \"$pchook\";" \
-			"fi"]]
-	} elseif {![file executable $pchook]} {
-		set pchook {}
-	}
-	if {$pchook ne {}} {
-		catch {exec $pchook &}
-	}
-
-	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
-	$ui_comm edit reset
-	$ui_comm edit modified false
-
-	if {[is_enabled singlecommit]} do_quit
-
-	# -- Make sure our current branch exists.
-	#
-	if {$commit_type eq {initial}} {
-		lappend all_heads $current_branch
-		set all_heads [lsort -unique $all_heads]
-		populate_branch_menu
-	}
-
-	# -- Update in memory status
-	#
-	set selected_commit_type new
-	set commit_type normal
-	set HEAD $cmt_id
-	set PARENT $cmt_id
-	set MERGE_HEAD [list]
-
-	foreach path [array names file_states] {
-		set s $file_states($path)
-		set m [lindex $s 0]
-		switch -glob -- $m {
-		_O -
-		_M -
-		_D {continue}
-		__ -
-		A_ -
-		M_ -
-		D_ {
-			unset file_states($path)
-			catch {unset selected_paths($path)}
-		}
-		DO {
-			set file_states($path) [list _O [lindex $s 1] {} {}]
-		}
-		AM -
-		AD -
-		MM -
-		MD {
-			set file_states($path) [list \
-				_[string index $m 1] \
-				[lindex $s 1] \
-				[lindex $s 3] \
-				{}]
-		}
-		}
-	}
-
-	display_all_files
-	unlock_index
-	reshow_diff
-	set ui_status_value \
-		"Changes committed as [string range $cmt_id 0 7]."
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## fetch push
-
-proc fetch_from {remote} {
-	set w [new_console \
-		"fetch $remote" \
-		"Fetching new changes from $remote"]
-	set cmd [list git fetch]
-	lappend cmd $remote
-	console_exec $w $cmd console_done
-}
-
-proc push_to {remote} {
-	set w [new_console \
-		"push $remote" \
-		"Pushing changes to $remote"]
-	set cmd [list git push]
-	lappend cmd -v
-	lappend cmd $remote
-	console_exec $w $cmd console_done
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
 ## ui helpers
 
 proc mapicon {w state path} {
@@ -1467,6 +1556,20 @@ proc mapdesc {state path} {
 	return $r
 }
 
+proc ui_status {msg} {
+	global main_status
+	if {[info exists main_status]} {
+		$main_status show $msg
+	}
+}
+
+proc ui_ready {{test {}}} {
+	global main_status
+	if {[info exists main_status]} {
+		$main_status show [mc "Ready."] $test
+	}
+}
+
 proc escape_path {path} {
 	regsub -all {\\} $path "\\\\" path
 	regsub -all "\n" $path "\\n" path
@@ -1636,2089 +1739,6 @@ proc display_all_files {} {
 	$ui_workdir conf -state disabled
 }
 
-proc update_indexinfo {msg pathList after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-
-	if {![lock_index update]} return
-
-	set update_index_cp 0
-	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
-	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
-	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
-	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		0.0]
-	set fd [open "| git update-index -z --index-info" w]
-	fconfigure $fd \
-		-blocking 0 \
-		-buffering full \
-		-buffersize 512 \
-		-encoding binary \
-		-translation binary
-	fileevent $fd writable [list \
-		write_update_indexinfo \
-		$fd \
-		$pathList \
-		$totalCnt \
-		$batch \
-		$msg \
-		$after \
-		]
-}
-
-proc write_update_indexinfo {fd pathList totalCnt batch msg after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-	global file_states current_diff_path
-
-	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
-		close $fd
-		unlock_index
-		uplevel #0 $after
-		return
-	}
-
-	for {set i $batch} \
-		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
-		{incr i -1} {
-		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
-		incr update_index_cp
-
-		set s $file_states($path)
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $s 0] {
-		A? {set new _O}
-		M? {set new _M}
-		D_ {set new _D}
-		D? {set new _?}
-		?? {continue}
-		}
-		set info [lindex $s 2]
-		if {$info eq {}} continue
-
-		puts -nonewline $fd "$info\t[encoding convertto $path]\0"
-		display_file $path $new
-	}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		[expr {100.0 * $update_index_cp / $totalCnt}]]
-}
-
-proc update_index {msg pathList after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-
-	if {![lock_index update]} return
-
-	set update_index_cp 0
-	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
-	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
-	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
-	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		0.0]
-	set fd [open "| git update-index --add --remove -z --stdin" w]
-	fconfigure $fd \
-		-blocking 0 \
-		-buffering full \
-		-buffersize 512 \
-		-encoding binary \
-		-translation binary
-	fileevent $fd writable [list \
-		write_update_index \
-		$fd \
-		$pathList \
-		$totalCnt \
-		$batch \
-		$msg \
-		$after \
-		]
-}
-
-proc write_update_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch msg after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-	global file_states current_diff_path
-
-	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
-		close $fd
-		unlock_index
-		uplevel #0 $after
-		return
-	}
-
-	for {set i $batch} \
-		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
-		{incr i -1} {
-		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
-		incr update_index_cp
-
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		AD {set new __}
-		?D {set new D_}
-		_O -
-		AM {set new A_}
-		U? {
-			if {[file exists $path]} {
-				set new M_
-			} else {
-				set new D_
-			}
-		}
-		?M {set new M_}
-		?? {continue}
-		}
-		puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
-		display_file $path $new
-	}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		[expr {100.0 * $update_index_cp / $totalCnt}]]
-}
-
-proc checkout_index {msg pathList after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-
-	if {![lock_index update]} return
-
-	set update_index_cp 0
-	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
-	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
-	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
-	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		0.0]
-	set cmd [list git checkout-index]
-	lappend cmd --index
-	lappend cmd --quiet
-	lappend cmd --force
-	lappend cmd -z
-	lappend cmd --stdin
-	set fd [open "| $cmd " w]
-	fconfigure $fd \
-		-blocking 0 \
-		-buffering full \
-		-buffersize 512 \
-		-encoding binary \
-		-translation binary
-	fileevent $fd writable [list \
-		write_checkout_index \
-		$fd \
-		$pathList \
-		$totalCnt \
-		$batch \
-		$msg \
-		$after \
-		]
-}
-
-proc write_checkout_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch msg after} {
-	global update_index_cp ui_status_value
-	global file_states current_diff_path
-
-	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
-		close $fd
-		unlock_index
-		uplevel #0 $after
-		return
-	}
-
-	for {set i $batch} \
-		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
-		{incr i -1} {
-		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
-		incr update_index_cp
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		U? {continue}
-		?M -
-		?D {
-			puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
-			display_file $path ?_
-		}
-		}
-	}
-
-	set ui_status_value [format \
-		"$msg... %i/%i files (%.2f%%)" \
-		$update_index_cp \
-		$totalCnt \
-		[expr {100.0 * $update_index_cp / $totalCnt}]]
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## branch management
-
-proc is_tracking_branch {name} {
-	global tracking_branches
-
-	if {![catch {set info $tracking_branches($name)}]} {
-		return 1
-	}
-	foreach t [array names tracking_branches] {
-		if {[string match {*/\*} $t] && [string match $t $name]} {
-			return 1
-		}
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-proc load_all_heads {} {
-	global all_heads
-
-	set all_heads [list]
-	set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/heads" r]
-	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
-		if {[is_tracking_branch $line]} continue
-		if {![regsub ^refs/heads/ $line {} name]} continue
-		lappend all_heads $name
-	}
-	close $fd
-
-	set all_heads [lsort $all_heads]
-}
-
-proc populate_branch_menu {} {
-	global all_heads disable_on_lock
-
-	set m .mbar.branch
-	set last [$m index last]
-	for {set i 0} {$i <= $last} {incr i} {
-		if {[$m type $i] eq {separator}} {
-			$m delete $i last
-			set new_dol [list]
-			foreach a $disable_on_lock {
-				if {[lindex $a 0] ne $m || [lindex $a 2] < $i} {
-					lappend new_dol $a
-				}
-			}
-			set disable_on_lock $new_dol
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	if {$all_heads ne {}} {
-		$m add separator
-	}
-	foreach b $all_heads {
-		$m add radiobutton \
-			-label $b \
-			-command [list switch_branch $b] \
-			-variable current_branch \
-			-value $b \
-			-font font_ui
-		lappend disable_on_lock \
-			[list $m entryconf [$m index last] -state]
-	}
-}
-
-proc all_tracking_branches {} {
-	global tracking_branches
-
-	set all_trackings {}
-	set cmd {}
-	foreach name [array names tracking_branches] {
-		if {[regsub {/\*$} $name {} name]} {
-			lappend cmd $name
-		} else {
-			regsub ^refs/(heads|remotes)/ $name {} name
-			lappend all_trackings $name
-		}
-	}
-
-	if {$cmd ne {}} {
-		set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $cmd" r]
-		while {[gets $fd name] > 0} {
-			regsub ^refs/(heads|remotes)/ $name {} name
-			lappend all_trackings $name
-		}
-		close $fd
-	}
-
-	return [lsort -unique $all_trackings]
-}
-
-proc load_all_tags {} {
-	set all_tags [list]
-	set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/tags" r]
-	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
-		if {![regsub ^refs/tags/ $line {} name]} continue
-		lappend all_tags $name
-	}
-	close $fd
-
-	return [lsort $all_tags]
-}
-
-proc do_create_branch_action {w} {
-	global all_heads null_sha1 repo_config
-	global create_branch_checkout create_branch_revtype
-	global create_branch_head create_branch_trackinghead
-	global create_branch_name create_branch_revexp
-	global create_branch_tag
-
-	set newbranch $create_branch_name
-	if {$newbranch eq {}
-		|| $newbranch eq $repo_config(gui.newbranchtemplate)} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Please supply a branch name."
-		focus $w.desc.name_t
-		return
-	}
-	if {![catch {git show-ref --verify -- "refs/heads/$newbranch"}]} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Branch '$newbranch' already exists."
-		focus $w.desc.name_t
-		return
-	}
-	if {[catch {git check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch"}]} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "We do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
-		focus $w.desc.name_t
-		return
-	}
-
-	set rev {}
-	switch -- $create_branch_revtype {
-	head {set rev $create_branch_head}
-	tracking {set rev $create_branch_trackinghead}
-	tag {set rev $create_branch_tag}
-	expression {set rev $create_branch_revexp}
-	}
-	if {[catch {set cmt [git rev-parse --verify "${rev}^0"]}]} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Invalid starting revision: $rev"
-		return
-	}
-	set cmd [list git update-ref]
-	lappend cmd -m
-	lappend cmd "branch: Created from $rev"
-	lappend cmd "refs/heads/$newbranch"
-	lappend cmd $cmt
-	lappend cmd $null_sha1
-	if {[catch {eval exec $cmd} err]} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Failed to create '$newbranch'.\n\n$err"
-		return
-	}
-
-	lappend all_heads $newbranch
-	set all_heads [lsort $all_heads]
-	populate_branch_menu
-	destroy $w
-	if {$create_branch_checkout} {
-		switch_branch $newbranch
-	}
-}
-
-proc radio_selector {varname value args} {
-	upvar #0 $varname var
-	set var $value
-}
-
-trace add variable create_branch_head write \
-	[list radio_selector create_branch_revtype head]
-trace add variable create_branch_trackinghead write \
-	[list radio_selector create_branch_revtype tracking]
-trace add variable create_branch_tag write \
-	[list radio_selector create_branch_revtype tag]
-
-trace add variable delete_branch_head write \
-	[list radio_selector delete_branch_checktype head]
-trace add variable delete_branch_trackinghead write \
-	[list radio_selector delete_branch_checktype tracking]
-
-proc do_create_branch {} {
-	global all_heads current_branch repo_config
-	global create_branch_checkout create_branch_revtype
-	global create_branch_head create_branch_trackinghead
-	global create_branch_name create_branch_revexp
-	global create_branch_tag
-
-	set w .branch_editor
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text {Create New Branch} \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.create -text Create \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-default active \
-		-command [list do_create_branch_action $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
-	button $w.buttons.cancel -text {Cancel} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	labelframe $w.desc \
-		-text {Branch Description} \
-		-font font_ui
-	label $w.desc.name_l -text {Name:} -font font_ui
-	entry $w.desc.name_t \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-width 40 \
-		-textvariable create_branch_name \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-validate key \
-		-validatecommand {
-			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {[~^:?*\[\0- ]} %S]} {return 0}
-			return 1
-		}
-	grid $w.desc.name_l $w.desc.name_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
-	grid columnconfigure $w.desc 1 -weight 1
-	pack $w.desc -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	labelframe $w.from \
-		-text {Starting Revision} \
-		-font font_ui
-	radiobutton $w.from.head_r \
-		-text {Local Branch:} \
-		-value head \
-		-variable create_branch_revtype \
-		-font font_ui
-	eval tk_optionMenu $w.from.head_m create_branch_head $all_heads
-	grid $w.from.head_r $w.from.head_m -sticky w
-	set all_trackings [all_tracking_branches]
-	if {$all_trackings ne {}} {
-		set create_branch_trackinghead [lindex $all_trackings 0]
-		radiobutton $w.from.tracking_r \
-			-text {Tracking Branch:} \
-			-value tracking \
-			-variable create_branch_revtype \
-			-font font_ui
-		eval tk_optionMenu $w.from.tracking_m \
-			create_branch_trackinghead \
-			$all_trackings
-		grid $w.from.tracking_r $w.from.tracking_m -sticky w
-	}
-	set all_tags [load_all_tags]
-	if {$all_tags ne {}} {
-		set create_branch_tag [lindex $all_tags 0]
-		radiobutton $w.from.tag_r \
-			-text {Tag:} \
-			-value tag \
-			-variable create_branch_revtype \
-			-font font_ui
-		eval tk_optionMenu $w.from.tag_m \
-			create_branch_tag \
-			$all_tags
-		grid $w.from.tag_r $w.from.tag_m -sticky w
-	}
-	radiobutton $w.from.exp_r \
-		-text {Revision Expression:} \
-		-value expression \
-		-variable create_branch_revtype \
-		-font font_ui
-	entry $w.from.exp_t \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-width 50 \
-		-textvariable create_branch_revexp \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-validate key \
-		-validatecommand {
-			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {\s} %S]} {return 0}
-			if {%d == 1 && [string length %S] > 0} {
-				set create_branch_revtype expression
-			}
-			return 1
-		}
-	grid $w.from.exp_r $w.from.exp_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
-	grid columnconfigure $w.from 1 -weight 1
-	pack $w.from -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	labelframe $w.postActions \
-		-text {Post Creation Actions} \
-		-font font_ui
-	checkbutton $w.postActions.checkout \
-		-text {Checkout after creation} \
-		-variable create_branch_checkout \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.postActions.checkout -anchor nw
-	pack $w.postActions -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	set create_branch_checkout 1
-	set create_branch_head $current_branch
-	set create_branch_revtype head
-	set create_branch_name $repo_config(gui.newbranchtemplate)
-	set create_branch_revexp {}
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "
-		grab $w
-		$w.desc.name_t icursor end
-		focus $w.desc.name_t
-	"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Return> "do_create_branch_action $w;break"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Create Branch"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-proc do_delete_branch_action {w} {
-	global all_heads
-	global delete_branch_checktype delete_branch_head delete_branch_trackinghead
-
-	set check_rev {}
-	switch -- $delete_branch_checktype {
-	head {set check_rev $delete_branch_head}
-	tracking {set check_rev $delete_branch_trackinghead}
-	always {set check_rev {:none}}
-	}
-	if {$check_rev eq {:none}} {
-		set check_cmt {}
-	} elseif {[catch {set check_cmt [git rev-parse --verify "${check_rev}^0"]}]} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Invalid check revision: $check_rev"
-		return
-	}
-
-	set to_delete [list]
-	set not_merged [list]
-	foreach i [$w.list.l curselection] {
-		set b [$w.list.l get $i]
-		if {[catch {set o [git rev-parse --verify $b]}]} continue
-		if {$check_cmt ne {}} {
-			if {$b eq $check_rev} continue
-			if {[catch {set m [git merge-base $o $check_cmt]}]} continue
-			if {$o ne $m} {
-				lappend not_merged $b
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		lappend to_delete [list $b $o]
-	}
-	if {$not_merged ne {}} {
-		set msg "The following branches are not completely merged into $check_rev:
-
- - [join $not_merged "\n - "]"
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon info \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message $msg
-	}
-	if {$to_delete eq {}} return
-	if {$delete_branch_checktype eq {always}} {
-		set msg {Recovering deleted branches is difficult.
-
-Delete the selected branches?}
-		if {[tk_messageBox \
-			-icon warning \
-			-type yesno \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message $msg] ne yes} {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	set failed {}
-	foreach i $to_delete {
-		set b [lindex $i 0]
-		set o [lindex $i 1]
-		if {[catch {git update-ref -d "refs/heads/$b" $o} err]} {
-			append failed " - $b: $err\n"
-		} else {
-			set x [lsearch -sorted -exact $all_heads $b]
-			if {$x >= 0} {
-				set all_heads [lreplace $all_heads $x $x]
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if {$failed ne {}} {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Failed to delete branches:\n$failed"
-	}
-
-	set all_heads [lsort $all_heads]
-	populate_branch_menu
-	destroy $w
-}
-
-proc do_delete_branch {} {
-	global all_heads tracking_branches current_branch
-	global delete_branch_checktype delete_branch_head delete_branch_trackinghead
-
-	set w .branch_editor
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text {Delete Local Branch} \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.create -text Delete \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list do_delete_branch_action $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
-	button $w.buttons.cancel -text {Cancel} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	labelframe $w.list \
-		-text {Local Branches} \
-		-font font_ui
-	listbox $w.list.l \
-		-height 10 \
-		-width 70 \
-		-selectmode extended \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set] \
-		-font font_ui
-	foreach h $all_heads {
-		if {$h ne $current_branch} {
-			$w.list.l insert end $h
-		}
-	}
-	scrollbar $w.list.sby -command [list $w.list.l yview]
-	pack $w.list.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.list.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.list -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	labelframe $w.validate \
-		-text {Delete Only If} \
-		-font font_ui
-	radiobutton $w.validate.head_r \
-		-text {Merged Into Local Branch:} \
-		-value head \
-		-variable delete_branch_checktype \
-		-font font_ui
-	eval tk_optionMenu $w.validate.head_m delete_branch_head $all_heads
-	grid $w.validate.head_r $w.validate.head_m -sticky w
-	set all_trackings [all_tracking_branches]
-	if {$all_trackings ne {}} {
-		set delete_branch_trackinghead [lindex $all_trackings 0]
-		radiobutton $w.validate.tracking_r \
-			-text {Merged Into Tracking Branch:} \
-			-value tracking \
-			-variable delete_branch_checktype \
-			-font font_ui
-		eval tk_optionMenu $w.validate.tracking_m \
-			delete_branch_trackinghead \
-			$all_trackings
-		grid $w.validate.tracking_r $w.validate.tracking_m -sticky w
-	}
-	radiobutton $w.validate.always_r \
-		-text {Always (Do not perform merge checks)} \
-		-value always \
-		-variable delete_branch_checktype \
-		-font font_ui
-	grid $w.validate.always_r -columnspan 2 -sticky w
-	grid columnconfigure $w.validate 1 -weight 1
-	pack $w.validate -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	set delete_branch_head $current_branch
-	set delete_branch_checktype head
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Delete Branch"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-proc switch_branch {new_branch} {
-	global HEAD commit_type current_branch repo_config
-
-	if {![lock_index switch]} return
-
-	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
-	#
-	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
-	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]
-		&& $curType eq {normal}
-		&& $curHEAD eq $HEAD} {
-	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
-		info_popup {Last scanned state does not match repository state.
-
-Another Git program has modified this repository
-since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed
-before the current branch can be changed.
-
-The rescan will be automatically started now.
-}
-		unlock_index
-		rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Don't do a pointless switch.
-	#
-	if {$current_branch eq $new_branch} {
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	if {$repo_config(gui.trustmtime) eq {true}} {
-		switch_branch_stage2 {} $new_branch
-	} else {
-		set ui_status_value {Refreshing file status...}
-		set cmd [list git update-index]
-		lappend cmd -q
-		lappend cmd --unmerged
-		lappend cmd --ignore-missing
-		lappend cmd --refresh
-		set fd_rf [open "| $cmd" r]
-		fconfigure $fd_rf -blocking 0 -translation binary
-		fileevent $fd_rf readable \
-			[list switch_branch_stage2 $fd_rf $new_branch]
-	}
-}
-
-proc switch_branch_stage2 {fd_rf new_branch} {
-	global ui_status_value HEAD
-
-	if {$fd_rf ne {}} {
-		read $fd_rf
-		if {![eof $fd_rf]} return
-		close $fd_rf
-	}
-
-	set ui_status_value "Updating working directory to '$new_branch'..."
-	set cmd [list git read-tree]
-	lappend cmd -m
-	lappend cmd -u
-	lappend cmd --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
-	lappend cmd $HEAD
-	lappend cmd $new_branch
-	set fd_rt [open "| $cmd" r]
-	fconfigure $fd_rt -blocking 0 -translation binary
-	fileevent $fd_rt readable \
-		[list switch_branch_readtree_wait $fd_rt $new_branch]
-}
-
-proc switch_branch_readtree_wait {fd_rt new_branch} {
-	global selected_commit_type commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD PARENT
-	global current_branch
-	global ui_comm ui_status_value
-
-	# -- We never get interesting output on stdout; only stderr.
-	#
-	read $fd_rt
-	fconfigure $fd_rt -blocking 1
-	if {![eof $fd_rt]} {
-		fconfigure $fd_rt -blocking 0
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- The working directory wasn't in sync with the index and
-	#    we'd have to overwrite something to make the switch. A
-	#    merge is required.
-	#
-	if {[catch {close $fd_rt} err]} {
-		regsub {^fatal: } $err {} err
-		warn_popup "File level merge required.
-
-$err
-
-Staying on branch '$current_branch'."
-		set ui_status_value "Aborted checkout of '$new_branch' (file level merging is required)."
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Update the symbolic ref.  Core git doesn't even check for failure
-	#    here, it Just Works(tm).  If it doesn't we are in some really ugly
-	#    state that is difficult to recover from within git-gui.
-	#
-	if {[catch {git symbolic-ref HEAD "refs/heads/$new_branch"} err]} {
-		error_popup "Failed to set current branch.
-
-This working directory is only partially switched.
-We successfully updated your files, but failed to
-update an internal Git file.
-
-This should not have occurred.  [appname] will now
-close and give up.
-
-$err"
-		do_quit
-		return
-	}
-
-	# -- Update our repository state.  If we were previously in amend mode
-	#    we need to toss the current buffer and do a full rescan to update
-	#    our file lists.  If we weren't in amend mode our file lists are
-	#    accurate and we can avoid the rescan.
-	#
-	unlock_index
-	set selected_commit_type new
-	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
-		$ui_comm edit reset
-		$ui_comm edit modified false
-		rescan {set ui_status_value "Checked out branch '$current_branch'."}
-	} else {
-		repository_state commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD
-		set PARENT $HEAD
-		set ui_status_value "Checked out branch '$current_branch'."
-	}
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## remote management
-
-proc load_all_remotes {} {
-	global repo_config
-	global all_remotes tracking_branches
-
-	set all_remotes [list]
-	array unset tracking_branches
-
-	set rm_dir [gitdir remotes]
-	if {[file isdirectory $rm_dir]} {
-		set all_remotes [glob \
-			-types f \
-			-tails \
-			-nocomplain \
-			-directory $rm_dir *]
-
-		foreach name $all_remotes {
-			catch {
-				set fd [open [file join $rm_dir $name] r]
-				while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-					if {![regexp {^Pull:[ 	]*([^:]+):(.+)$} \
-						$line line src dst]} continue
-					if {![regexp ^refs/ $dst]} {
-						set dst "refs/heads/$dst"
-					}
-					set tracking_branches($dst) [list $name $src]
-				}
-				close $fd
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	foreach line [array names repo_config remote.*.url] {
-		if {![regexp ^remote\.(.*)\.url\$ $line line name]} continue
-		lappend all_remotes $name
-
-		if {[catch {set fl $repo_config(remote.$name.fetch)}]} {
-			set fl {}
-		}
-		foreach line $fl {
-			if {![regexp {^([^:]+):(.+)$} $line line src dst]} continue
-			if {![regexp ^refs/ $dst]} {
-				set dst "refs/heads/$dst"
-			}
-			set tracking_branches($dst) [list $name $src]
-		}
-	}
-
-	set all_remotes [lsort -unique $all_remotes]
-}
-
-proc populate_fetch_menu {} {
-	global all_remotes repo_config
-
-	set m .mbar.fetch
-	foreach r $all_remotes {
-		set enable 0
-		if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.url)}]} {
-			if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.fetch)}]} {
-				set enable 1
-			}
-		} else {
-			catch {
-				set fd [open [gitdir remotes $r] r]
-				while {[gets $fd n] >= 0} {
-					if {[regexp {^Pull:[ \t]*([^:]+):} $n]} {
-						set enable 1
-						break
-					}
-				}
-				close $fd
-			}
-		}
-
-		if {$enable} {
-			$m add command \
-				-label "Fetch from $r..." \
-				-command [list fetch_from $r] \
-				-font font_ui
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc populate_push_menu {} {
-	global all_remotes repo_config
-
-	set m .mbar.push
-	set fast_count 0
-	foreach r $all_remotes {
-		set enable 0
-		if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.url)}]} {
-			if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.push)}]} {
-				set enable 1
-			}
-		} else {
-			catch {
-				set fd [open [gitdir remotes $r] r]
-				while {[gets $fd n] >= 0} {
-					if {[regexp {^Push:[ \t]*([^:]+):} $n]} {
-						set enable 1
-						break
-					}
-				}
-				close $fd
-			}
-		}
-
-		if {$enable} {
-			if {!$fast_count} {
-				$m add separator
-			}
-			$m add command \
-				-label "Push to $r..." \
-				-command [list push_to $r] \
-				-font font_ui
-			incr fast_count
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc start_push_anywhere_action {w} {
-	global push_urltype push_remote push_url push_thin push_tags
-
-	set r_url {}
-	switch -- $push_urltype {
-	remote {set r_url $push_remote}
-	url {set r_url $push_url}
-	}
-	if {$r_url eq {}} return
-
-	set cmd [list git push]
-	lappend cmd -v
-	if {$push_thin} {
-		lappend cmd --thin
-	}
-	if {$push_tags} {
-		lappend cmd --tags
-	}
-	lappend cmd $r_url
-	set cnt 0
-	foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
-		set b [$w.source.l get $i]
-		lappend cmd "refs/heads/$b:refs/heads/$b"
-		incr cnt
-	}
-	if {$cnt == 0} {
-		return
-	} elseif {$cnt == 1} {
-		set unit branch
-	} else {
-		set unit branches
-	}
-
-	set cons [new_console "push $r_url" "Pushing $cnt $unit to $r_url"]
-	console_exec $cons $cmd console_done
-	destroy $w
-}
-
-trace add variable push_remote write \
-	[list radio_selector push_urltype remote]
-
-proc do_push_anywhere {} {
-	global all_heads all_remotes current_branch
-	global push_urltype push_remote push_url push_thin push_tags
-
-	set w .push_setup
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text {Push Branches} -font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.create -text Push \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list start_push_anywhere_action $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
-	button $w.buttons.cancel -text {Cancel} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	labelframe $w.source \
-		-text {Source Branches} \
-		-font font_ui
-	listbox $w.source.l \
-		-height 10 \
-		-width 70 \
-		-selectmode extended \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.source.sby set] \
-		-font font_ui
-	foreach h $all_heads {
-		$w.source.l insert end $h
-		if {$h eq $current_branch} {
-			$w.source.l select set end
-		}
-	}
-	scrollbar $w.source.sby -command [list $w.source.l yview]
-	pack $w.source.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.source.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.source -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	labelframe $w.dest \
-		-text {Destination Repository} \
-		-font font_ui
-	if {$all_remotes ne {}} {
-		radiobutton $w.dest.remote_r \
-			-text {Remote:} \
-			-value remote \
-			-variable push_urltype \
-			-font font_ui
-		eval tk_optionMenu $w.dest.remote_m push_remote $all_remotes
-		grid $w.dest.remote_r $w.dest.remote_m -sticky w
-		if {[lsearch -sorted -exact $all_remotes origin] != -1} {
-			set push_remote origin
-		} else {
-			set push_remote [lindex $all_remotes 0]
-		}
-		set push_urltype remote
-	} else {
-		set push_urltype url
-	}
-	radiobutton $w.dest.url_r \
-		-text {Arbitrary URL:} \
-		-value url \
-		-variable push_urltype \
-		-font font_ui
-	entry $w.dest.url_t \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-width 50 \
-		-textvariable push_url \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-validate key \
-		-validatecommand {
-			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {\s} %S]} {return 0}
-			if {%d == 1 && [string length %S] > 0} {
-				set push_urltype url
-			}
-			return 1
-		}
-	grid $w.dest.url_r $w.dest.url_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
-	grid columnconfigure $w.dest 1 -weight 1
-	pack $w.dest -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	labelframe $w.options \
-		-text {Transfer Options} \
-		-font font_ui
-	checkbutton $w.options.thin \
-		-text {Use thin pack (for slow network connections)} \
-		-variable push_thin \
-		-font font_ui
-	grid $w.options.thin -columnspan 2 -sticky w
-	checkbutton $w.options.tags \
-		-text {Include tags} \
-		-variable push_tags \
-		-font font_ui
-	grid $w.options.tags -columnspan 2 -sticky w
-	grid columnconfigure $w.options 1 -weight 1
-	pack $w.options -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	set push_url {}
-	set push_thin 0
-	set push_tags 0
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Push"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## merge
-
-proc can_merge {} {
-	global HEAD commit_type file_states
-
-	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		info_popup {Cannot merge while amending.
-
-You must finish amending this commit before
-starting any type of merge.
-}
-		return 0
-	}
-
-	if {[committer_ident] eq {}} {return 0}
-	if {![lock_index merge]} {return 0}
-
-	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
-	#
-	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
-	if {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
-		info_popup {Last scanned state does not match repository state.
-
-Another Git program has modified this repository
-since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed
-before a merge can be performed.
-
-The rescan will be automatically started now.
-}
-		unlock_index
-		rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
-		return 0
-	}
-
-	foreach path [array names file_states] {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		_O {
-			continue; # and pray it works!
-		}
-		U? {
-			error_popup "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.
-
-File [short_path $path] has merge conflicts.
-
-You must resolve them, add the file, and commit to
-complete the current merge.  Only then can you
-begin another merge.
-"
-			unlock_index
-			return 0
-		}
-		?? {
-			error_popup "You are in the middle of a change.
-
-File [short_path $path] is modified.
-
-You should complete the current commit before
-starting a merge.  Doing so will help you abort
-a failed merge, should the need arise.
-"
-			unlock_index
-			return 0
-		}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 1
-}
-
-proc visualize_local_merge {w} {
-	set revs {}
-	foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
-		lappend revs [$w.source.l get $i]
-	}
-	if {$revs eq {}} return
-	lappend revs --not HEAD
-	do_gitk $revs
-}
-
-proc start_local_merge_action {w} {
-	global HEAD ui_status_value current_branch
-
-	set cmd [list git merge]
-	set names {}
-	set revcnt 0
-	foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
-		set b [$w.source.l get $i]
-		lappend cmd $b
-		lappend names $b
-		incr revcnt
-	}
-
-	if {$revcnt == 0} {
-		return
-	} elseif {$revcnt == 1} {
-		set unit branch
-	} elseif {$revcnt <= 15} {
-		set unit branches
-	} else {
-		tk_messageBox \
-			-icon error \
-			-type ok \
-			-title [wm title $w] \
-			-parent $w \
-			-message "Too many branches selected.
-
-You have requested to merge $revcnt branches
-in an octopus merge.  This exceeds Git's
-internal limit of 15 branches per merge.
-
-Please select fewer branches.  To merge more
-than 15 branches, merge the branches in batches.
-"
-		return
-	}
-
-	set msg "Merging $current_branch, [join $names {, }]"
-	set ui_status_value "$msg..."
-	set cons [new_console "Merge" $msg]
-	console_exec $cons $cmd [list finish_merge $revcnt]
-	bind $w <Destroy> {}
-	destroy $w
-}
-
-proc finish_merge {revcnt w ok} {
-	console_done $w $ok
-	if {$ok} {
-		set msg {Merge completed successfully.}
-	} else {
-		if {$revcnt != 1} {
-			info_popup "Octopus merge failed.
-
-Your merge of $revcnt branches has failed.
-
-There are file-level conflicts between the
-branches which must be resolved manually.
-
-The working directory will now be reset.
-
-You can attempt this merge again
-by merging only one branch at a time." $w
-
-			set fd [open "| git read-tree --reset -u HEAD" r]
-			fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
-			fileevent $fd readable [list reset_hard_wait $fd]
-			set ui_status_value {Aborting... please wait...}
-			return
-		}
-
-		set msg {Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required.}
-	}
-	unlock_index
-	rescan [list set ui_status_value $msg]
-}
-
-proc do_local_merge {} {
-	global current_branch
-
-	if {![can_merge]} return
-
-	set w .merge_setup
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header \
-		-text "Merge Into $current_branch" \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.visualize -text Visualize \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list visualize_local_merge $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.visualize -side left
-	button $w.buttons.create -text Merge \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list start_local_merge_action $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
-	button $w.buttons.cancel -text {Cancel} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	labelframe $w.source \
-		-text {Source Branches} \
-		-font font_ui
-	listbox $w.source.l \
-		-height 10 \
-		-width 70 \
-		-selectmode extended \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.source.sby set] \
-		-font font_ui
-	scrollbar $w.source.sby -command [list $w.source.l yview]
-	pack $w.source.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.source.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.source -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	set cmd [list git for-each-ref]
-	lappend cmd {--format=%(objectname) %(*objectname) %(refname)}
-	lappend cmd refs/heads
-	lappend cmd refs/remotes
-	lappend cmd refs/tags
-	set fr_fd [open "| $cmd" r]
-	fconfigure $fr_fd -translation binary
-	while {[gets $fr_fd line] > 0} {
-		set line [split $line { }]
-		set sha1([lindex $line 0]) [lindex $line 2]
-		set sha1([lindex $line 1]) [lindex $line 2]
-	}
-	close $fr_fd
-
-	set to_show {}
-	set fr_fd [open "| git rev-list --all --not HEAD"]
-	while {[gets $fr_fd line] > 0} {
-		if {[catch {set ref $sha1($line)}]} continue
-		regsub ^refs/(heads|remotes|tags)/ $ref {} ref
-		lappend to_show $ref
-	}
-	close $fr_fd
-
-	foreach ref [lsort -unique $to_show] {
-		$w.source.l insert end $ref
-	}
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "unlock_index;destroy $w"
-	bind $w <Destroy> unlock_index
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Merge"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-proc do_reset_hard {} {
-	global HEAD commit_type file_states
-
-	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		info_popup {Cannot abort while amending.
-
-You must finish amending this commit.
-}
-		return
-	}
-
-	if {![lock_index abort]} return
-
-	if {[string match *merge* $commit_type]} {
-		set op merge
-	} else {
-		set op commit
-	}
-
-	if {[ask_popup "Abort $op?
-
-Aborting the current $op will cause
-*ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.
-
-Continue with aborting the current $op?"] eq {yes}} {
-		set fd [open "| git read-tree --reset -u HEAD" r]
-		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
-		fileevent $fd readable [list reset_hard_wait $fd]
-		set ui_status_value {Aborting... please wait...}
-	} else {
-		unlock_index
-	}
-}
-
-proc reset_hard_wait {fd} {
-	global ui_comm
-
-	read $fd
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
-		unlock_index
-
-		$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
-		$ui_comm edit modified false
-
-		catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_HEAD]}
-		catch {file delete [gitdir rr-cache MERGE_RR]}
-		catch {file delete [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]}
-		catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_MSG]}
-		catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
-
-		rescan {set ui_status_value {Abort completed.  Ready.}}
-	}
-}
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## browser
-
-set next_browser_id 0
-
-proc new_browser {commit} {
-	global next_browser_id cursor_ptr M1B
-	global browser_commit browser_status browser_stack browser_path browser_busy
-
-	if {[winfo ismapped .]} {
-		set w .browser[incr next_browser_id]
-		set tl $w
-		toplevel $w
-	} else {
-		set w {}
-		set tl .
-	}
-	set w_list $w.list.l
-	set browser_commit($w_list) $commit
-	set browser_status($w_list) {Starting...}
-	set browser_stack($w_list) {}
-	set browser_path($w_list) $browser_commit($w_list):
-	set browser_busy($w_list) 1
-
-	label $w.path -textvariable browser_path($w_list) \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.path -anchor w -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.list
-	text $w_list -background white -borderwidth 0 \
-		-cursor $cursor_ptr \
-		-state disabled \
-		-wrap none \
-		-height 20 \
-		-width 70 \
-		-xscrollcommand [list $w.list.sbx set] \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set] \
-		-font font_ui
-	$w_list tag conf in_sel \
-		-background [$w_list cget -foreground] \
-		-foreground [$w_list cget -background]
-	scrollbar $w.list.sbx -orient h -command [list $w_list xview]
-	scrollbar $w.list.sby -orient v -command [list $w_list yview]
-	pack $w.list.sbx -side bottom -fill x
-	pack $w.list.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w_list -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.list -side top -fill both -expand 1
-
-	label $w.status -textvariable browser_status($w_list) \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.status -anchor w -side bottom -fill x
-
-	bind $w_list <Button-1>        "browser_click 0 $w_list @%x,%y;break"
-	bind $w_list <Double-Button-1> "browser_click 1 $w_list @%x,%y;break"
-	bind $w_list <$M1B-Up>         "browser_parent $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <$M1B-Left>       "browser_parent $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Up>              "browser_move -1 $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Down>            "browser_move 1 $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <$M1B-Right>      "browser_enter $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Return>          "browser_enter $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Prior>           "browser_page -1 $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Next>            "browser_page 1 $w_list;break"
-	bind $w_list <Left>            break
-	bind $w_list <Right>           break
-
-	bind $tl <Visibility> "focus $w"
-	bind $tl <Destroy> "
-		array unset browser_buffer $w_list
-		array unset browser_files $w_list
-		array unset browser_status $w_list
-		array unset browser_stack $w_list
-		array unset browser_path $w_list
-		array unset browser_commit $w_list
-		array unset browser_busy $w_list
-	"
-	wm title $tl "[appname] ([reponame]): File Browser"
-	ls_tree $w_list $browser_commit($w_list) {}
-}
-
-proc browser_move {dir w} {
-	global browser_files browser_busy
-
-	if {$browser_busy($w)} return
-	set lno [lindex [split [$w index in_sel.first] .] 0]
-	incr lno $dir
-	if {[lindex $browser_files($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
-		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
-		$w see $lno.0
-	}
-}
-
-proc browser_page {dir w} {
-	global browser_files browser_busy
-
-	if {$browser_busy($w)} return
-	$w yview scroll $dir pages
-	set lno [expr {int(
-		  [lindex [$w yview] 0]
-		* [llength $browser_files($w)]
-		+ 1)}]
-	if {[lindex $browser_files($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
-		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
-		$w see $lno.0
-	}
-}
-
-proc browser_parent {w} {
-	global browser_files browser_status browser_path
-	global browser_stack browser_busy
-
-	if {$browser_busy($w)} return
-	set info [lindex $browser_files($w) 0]
-	if {[lindex $info 0] eq {parent}} {
-		set parent [lindex $browser_stack($w) end-1]
-		set browser_stack($w) [lrange $browser_stack($w) 0 end-2]
-		if {$browser_stack($w) eq {}} {
-			regsub {:.*$} $browser_path($w) {:} browser_path($w)
-		} else {
-			regsub {/[^/]+$} $browser_path($w) {} browser_path($w)
-		}
-		set browser_status($w) "Loading $browser_path($w)..."
-		ls_tree $w [lindex $parent 0] [lindex $parent 1]
-	}
-}
-
-proc browser_enter {w} {
-	global browser_files browser_status browser_path
-	global browser_commit browser_stack browser_busy
-
-	if {$browser_busy($w)} return
-	set lno [lindex [split [$w index in_sel.first] .] 0]
-	set info [lindex $browser_files($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]]
-	if {$info ne {}} {
-		switch -- [lindex $info 0] {
-		parent {
-			browser_parent $w
-		}
-		tree {
-			set name [lindex $info 2]
-			set escn [escape_path $name]
-			set browser_status($w) "Loading $escn..."
-			append browser_path($w) $escn
-			ls_tree $w [lindex $info 1] $name
-		}
-		blob {
-			set name [lindex $info 2]
-			set p {}
-			foreach n $browser_stack($w) {
-				append p [lindex $n 1]
-			}
-			append p $name
-			show_blame $browser_commit($w) $p
-		}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc browser_click {was_double_click w pos} {
-	global browser_files browser_busy
-
-	if {$browser_busy($w)} return
-	set lno [lindex [split [$w index $pos] .] 0]
-	focus $w
-
-	if {[lindex $browser_files($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
-		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
-		if {$was_double_click} {
-			browser_enter $w
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc ls_tree {w tree_id name} {
-	global browser_buffer browser_files browser_stack browser_busy
-
-	set browser_buffer($w) {}
-	set browser_files($w) {}
-	set browser_busy($w) 1
-
-	$w conf -state normal
-	$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-	$w delete 0.0 end
-	if {$browser_stack($w) ne {}} {
-		$w image create end \
-			-align center -padx 5 -pady 1 \
-			-name icon0 \
-			-image file_uplevel
-		$w insert end {[Up To Parent]}
-		lappend browser_files($w) parent
-	}
-	lappend browser_stack($w) [list $tree_id $name]
-	$w conf -state disabled
-
-	set cmd [list git ls-tree -z $tree_id]
-	set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
-	fileevent $fd readable [list read_ls_tree $fd $w]
-}
-
-proc read_ls_tree {fd w} {
-	global browser_buffer browser_files browser_status browser_busy
-
-	if {![winfo exists $w]} {
-		catch {close $fd}
-		return
-	}
-
-	append browser_buffer($w) [read $fd]
-	set pck [split $browser_buffer($w) "\0"]
-	set browser_buffer($w) [lindex $pck end]
-
-	set n [llength $browser_files($w)]
-	$w conf -state normal
-	foreach p [lrange $pck 0 end-1] {
-		set info [split $p "\t"]
-		set path [lindex $info 1]
-		set info [split [lindex $info 0] { }]
-		set type [lindex $info 1]
-		set object [lindex $info 2]
-
-		switch -- $type {
-		blob {
-			set image file_mod
-		}
-		tree {
-			set image file_dir
-			append path /
-		}
-		default {
-			set image file_question
-		}
-		}
-
-		if {$n > 0} {$w insert end "\n"}
-		$w image create end \
-			-align center -padx 5 -pady 1 \
-			-name icon[incr n] \
-			-image $image
-		$w insert end [escape_path $path]
-		lappend browser_files($w) [list $type $object $path]
-	}
-	$w conf -state disabled
-
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
-		set browser_status($w) Ready.
-		set browser_busy($w) 0
-		array unset browser_buffer $w
-		if {$n > 0} {
-			$w tag add in_sel 1.0 2.0
-			focus -force $w
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-proc show_blame {commit path} {
-	global next_browser_id blame_status blame_data
-
-	if {[winfo ismapped .]} {
-		set w .browser[incr next_browser_id]
-		set tl $w
-		toplevel $w
-	} else {
-		set w {}
-		set tl .
-	}
-	set blame_status($w) {Loading current file content...}
-
-	label $w.path -text "$commit:$path" \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.path -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.out
-	text $w.out.loaded_t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 0 \
-		-state disabled \
-		-wrap none \
-		-height 40 \
-		-width 1 \
-		-font font_diff
-	$w.out.loaded_t tag conf annotated -background grey
-
-	text $w.out.linenumber_t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 0 \
-		-state disabled \
-		-wrap none \
-		-height 40 \
-		-width 5 \
-		-font font_diff
-	$w.out.linenumber_t tag conf linenumber -justify right
-
-	text $w.out.file_t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 0 \
-		-state disabled \
-		-wrap none \
-		-height 40 \
-		-width 80 \
-		-xscrollcommand [list $w.out.sbx set] \
-		-font font_diff
-
-	scrollbar $w.out.sbx -orient h -command [list $w.out.file_t xview]
-	scrollbar $w.out.sby -orient v \
-		-command [list scrollbar2many [list \
-		$w.out.loaded_t \
-		$w.out.linenumber_t \
-		$w.out.file_t \
-		] yview]
-	grid \
-		$w.out.linenumber_t \
-		$w.out.loaded_t \
-		$w.out.file_t \
-		$w.out.sby \
-		-sticky nsew
-	grid conf $w.out.sbx -column 2 -sticky we
-	grid columnconfigure $w.out 2 -weight 1
-	grid rowconfigure $w.out 0 -weight 1
-	pack $w.out -fill both -expand 1
-
-	label $w.status -textvariable blame_status($w) \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.status -side bottom -fill x
-
-	frame $w.cm
-	text $w.cm.t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 0 \
-		-state disabled \
-		-wrap none \
-		-height 10 \
-		-width 80 \
-		-xscrollcommand [list $w.cm.sbx set] \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.cm.sby set] \
-		-font font_diff
-	scrollbar $w.cm.sbx -orient h -command [list $w.cm.t xview]
-	scrollbar $w.cm.sby -orient v -command [list $w.cm.t yview]
-	pack $w.cm.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.cm.sbx -side bottom -fill x
-	pack $w.cm.t -expand 1 -fill both
-	pack $w.cm -side bottom -fill x
-
-	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
-	$w.ctxm add command -label "Copy Commit" \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "blame_copycommit $w \$cursorW @\$cursorX,\$cursorY"
-
-	foreach i [list \
-		$w.out.loaded_t \
-		$w.out.linenumber_t \
-		$w.out.file_t] {
-		$i tag conf in_sel \
-			-background [$i cget -foreground] \
-			-foreground [$i cget -background]
-		$i conf -yscrollcommand \
-			[list many2scrollbar [list \
-			$w.out.loaded_t \
-			$w.out.linenumber_t \
-			$w.out.file_t \
-			] yview $w.out.sby]
-		bind $i <Button-1> "
-			blame_click {$w} \\
-				$w.cm.t \\
-				$w.out.linenumber_t \\
-				$w.out.file_t \\
-				$i @%x,%y
-			focus $i
-		"
-		bind_button3 $i "
-			set cursorX %x
-			set cursorY %y
-			set cursorW %W
-			tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y
-		"
-	}
-
-	bind $w.cm.t <Button-1> "focus $w.cm.t"
-	bind $tl <Visibility> "focus $tl"
-	bind $tl <Destroy> "
-		array unset blame_status {$w}
-		array unset blame_data $w,*
-	"
-	wm title $tl "[appname] ([reponame]): File Viewer"
-
-	set blame_data($w,commit_count) 0
-	set blame_data($w,commit_list) {}
-	set blame_data($w,total_lines) 0
-	set blame_data($w,blame_lines) 0
-	set blame_data($w,highlight_commit) {}
-	set blame_data($w,highlight_line) -1
-
-	set cmd [list git cat-file blob "$commit:$path"]
-	set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -encoding binary
-	fileevent $fd readable [list read_blame_catfile \
-		$fd $w $commit $path \
-		$w.cm.t $w.out.loaded_t $w.out.linenumber_t $w.out.file_t]
-}
-
-proc read_blame_catfile {fd w commit path w_cmit w_load w_line w_file} {
-	global blame_status blame_data
-
-	if {![winfo exists $w_file]} {
-		catch {close $fd}
-		return
-	}
-
-	set n $blame_data($w,total_lines)
-	$w_load conf -state normal
-	$w_line conf -state normal
-	$w_file conf -state normal
-	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-		regsub "\r\$" $line {} line
-		incr n
-		$w_load insert end "\n"
-		$w_line insert end "$n\n" linenumber
-		$w_file insert end "$line\n"
-	}
-	$w_load conf -state disabled
-	$w_line conf -state disabled
-	$w_file conf -state disabled
-	set blame_data($w,total_lines) $n
-
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
-		blame_incremental_status $w
-		set cmd [list git blame -M -C --incremental]
-		lappend cmd $commit -- $path
-		set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
-		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -encoding binary
-		fileevent $fd readable [list read_blame_incremental $fd $w \
-			$w_load $w_cmit $w_line $w_file]
-	}
-}
-
-proc read_blame_incremental {fd w w_load w_cmit w_line w_file} {
-	global blame_status blame_data
-
-	if {![winfo exists $w_file]} {
-		catch {close $fd}
-		return
-	}
-
-	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-		if {[regexp {^([a-z0-9]{40}) (\d+) (\d+) (\d+)$} $line line \
-			cmit original_line final_line line_count]} {
-			set blame_data($w,commit) $cmit
-			set blame_data($w,original_line) $original_line
-			set blame_data($w,final_line) $final_line
-			set blame_data($w,line_count) $line_count
-
-			if {[catch {set g $blame_data($w,$cmit,order)}]} {
-				$w_line tag conf g$cmit
-				$w_file tag conf g$cmit
-				$w_line tag raise in_sel
-				$w_file tag raise in_sel
-				$w_file tag raise sel
-				set blame_data($w,$cmit,order) $blame_data($w,commit_count)
-				incr blame_data($w,commit_count)
-				lappend blame_data($w,commit_list) $cmit
-			}
-		} elseif {[string match {filename *} $line]} {
-			set file [string range $line 9 end]
-			set n $blame_data($w,line_count)
-			set lno $blame_data($w,final_line)
-			set cmit $blame_data($w,commit)
-
-			while {$n > 0} {
-				if {[catch {set g g$blame_data($w,line$lno,commit)}]} {
-					$w_load tag add annotated $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
-				} else {
-					$w_line tag remove g$g $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
-					$w_file tag remove g$g $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
-				}
-
-				set blame_data($w,line$lno,commit) $cmit
-				set blame_data($w,line$lno,file) $file
-				$w_line tag add g$cmit $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
-				$w_file tag add g$cmit $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
-
-				if {$blame_data($w,highlight_line) == -1} {
-					if {[lindex [$w_file yview] 0] == 0} {
-						$w_file see $lno.0
-						blame_showcommit $w $w_cmit $w_line $w_file $lno
-					}
-				} elseif {$blame_data($w,highlight_line) == $lno} {
-					blame_showcommit $w $w_cmit $w_line $w_file $lno
-				}
-
-				incr n -1
-				incr lno
-				incr blame_data($w,blame_lines)
-			}
-
-			set hc $blame_data($w,highlight_commit)
-			if {$hc ne {}
-				&& [expr {$blame_data($w,$hc,order) + 1}]
-					== $blame_data($w,$cmit,order)} {
-				blame_showcommit $w $w_cmit $w_line $w_file \
-					$blame_data($w,highlight_line)
-			}
-		} elseif {[regexp {^([a-z-]+) (.*)$} $line line header data]} {
-			set blame_data($w,$blame_data($w,commit),$header) $data
-		}
-	}
-
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
-		set blame_status($w) {Annotation complete.}
-	} else {
-		blame_incremental_status $w
-	}
-}
-
-proc blame_incremental_status {w} {
-	global blame_status blame_data
-
-	set blame_status($w) [format \
-		"Loading annotations... %i of %i lines annotated (%2i%%)" \
-		$blame_data($w,blame_lines) \
-		$blame_data($w,total_lines) \
-		[expr {100 * $blame_data($w,blame_lines)
-			/ $blame_data($w,total_lines)}]]
-}
-
-proc blame_click {w w_cmit w_line w_file cur_w pos} {
-	set lno [lindex [split [$cur_w index $pos] .] 0]
-	if {$lno eq {}} return
-
-	$w_line tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-	$w_file tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
-	$w_line tag add in_sel $lno.0 "$lno.0 + 1 line"
-	$w_file tag add in_sel $lno.0 "$lno.0 + 1 line"
-
-	blame_showcommit $w $w_cmit $w_line $w_file $lno
-}
-
-set blame_colors {
-	#ff4040
-	#ff40ff
-	#4040ff
-}
-
-proc blame_showcommit {w w_cmit w_line w_file lno} {
-	global blame_colors blame_data repo_config
-
-	set cmit $blame_data($w,highlight_commit)
-	if {$cmit ne {}} {
-		set idx $blame_data($w,$cmit,order)
-		set i 0
-		foreach c $blame_colors {
-			set h [lindex $blame_data($w,commit_list) [expr {$idx - 1 + $i}]]
-			$w_line tag conf g$h -background white
-			$w_file tag conf g$h -background white
-			incr i
-		}
-	}
-
-	$w_cmit conf -state normal
-	$w_cmit delete 0.0 end
-	if {[catch {set cmit $blame_data($w,line$lno,commit)}]} {
-		set cmit {}
-		$w_cmit insert end "Loading annotation..."
-	} else {
-		set idx $blame_data($w,$cmit,order)
-		set i 0
-		foreach c $blame_colors {
-			set h [lindex $blame_data($w,commit_list) [expr {$idx - 1 + $i}]]
-			$w_line tag conf g$h -background $c
-			$w_file tag conf g$h -background $c
-			incr i
-		}
-
-		if {[catch {set msg $blame_data($w,$cmit,message)}]} {
-			set msg {}
-			catch {
-				set fd [open "| git cat-file commit $cmit" r]
-				fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
-				if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-					set enc utf-8
-				}
-				while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
-					if {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
-						set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
-					}
-				}
-				fconfigure $fd -encoding $enc
-				set msg [string trim [read $fd]]
-				close $fd
-			}
-			set blame_data($w,$cmit,message) $msg
-		}
-
-		set author_name {}
-		set author_email {}
-		set author_time {}
-		catch {set author_name $blame_data($w,$cmit,author)}
-		catch {set author_email $blame_data($w,$cmit,author-mail)}
-		catch {set author_time [clock format $blame_data($w,$cmit,author-time)]}
-
-		set committer_name {}
-		set committer_email {}
-		set committer_time {}
-		catch {set committer_name $blame_data($w,$cmit,committer)}
-		catch {set committer_email $blame_data($w,$cmit,committer-mail)}
-		catch {set committer_time [clock format $blame_data($w,$cmit,committer-time)]}
-
-		$w_cmit insert end "commit $cmit\n"
-		$w_cmit insert end "Author: $author_name $author_email $author_time\n"
-		$w_cmit insert end "Committer: $committer_name $committer_email $committer_time\n"
-		$w_cmit insert end "Original File: [escape_path $blame_data($w,line$lno,file)]\n"
-		$w_cmit insert end "\n"
-		$w_cmit insert end $msg
-	}
-	$w_cmit conf -state disabled
-
-	set blame_data($w,highlight_line) $lno
-	set blame_data($w,highlight_commit) $cmit
-}
-
-proc blame_copycommit {w i pos} {
-	global blame_data
-	set lno [lindex [split [$i index $pos] .] 0]
-	if {![catch {set commit $blame_data($w,line$lno,commit)}]} {
-		clipboard clear
-		clipboard append \
-			-format STRING \
-			-type STRING \
-			-- $commit
-	}
-}
-
 ######################################################################
 ##
 ## icons
@@ -3795,31 +1815,14 @@ static unsigned char file_merge_bits[] = {
    0xfa, 0x17, 0x02, 0x10, 0xfe, 0x1f};
 } -maskdata $filemask
 
-set file_dir_data {
-#define file_width 18
-#define file_height 18
-static unsigned char file_bits[] = {
-  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x03, 0x00,
-  0x0c, 0x03, 0x00, 0x04, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x06, 0x80, 0x00, 0xff, 0x9f, 0x00,
-  0x03, 0x98, 0x00, 0x02, 0x90, 0x00, 0x06, 0xb0, 0x00, 0x04, 0xa0, 0x00,
-  0x0c, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x08, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
-  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
-}
-image create bitmap file_dir -background white -foreground blue \
-	-data $file_dir_data -maskdata $file_dir_data
-unset file_dir_data
-
-set file_uplevel_data {
-#define up_width 15
-#define up_height 15
-static unsigned char up_bits[] = {
-  0x80, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x1f,
-  0xfe, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xc0, 0x01,
-  0xc0, 0x01, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00};
-}
-image create bitmap file_uplevel -background white -foreground red \
-	-data $file_uplevel_data -maskdata $file_uplevel_data
-unset file_uplevel_data
+image create bitmap file_statechange -background white -foreground green -data {
+#define file_merge_width 14
+#define file_merge_height 15
+static unsigned char file_statechange_bits[] = {
+   0xfe, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x05, 0x02, 0x09, 0x02, 0x1f, 0x62, 0x10,
+   0x62, 0x10, 0xba, 0x11, 0xba, 0x11, 0x62, 0x10, 0x62, 0x10, 0x02, 0x10,
+   0x02, 0x10, 0x02, 0x10, 0xfe, 0x1f};
+} -maskdata $filemask
 
 set ui_index .vpane.files.index.list
 set ui_workdir .vpane.files.workdir.list
@@ -3829,40 +1832,48 @@ set all_icons(A$ui_index)   file_fulltick
 set all_icons(M$ui_index)   file_fulltick
 set all_icons(D$ui_index)   file_removed
 set all_icons(U$ui_index)   file_merge
+set all_icons(T$ui_index)   file_statechange
 
 set all_icons(_$ui_workdir) file_plain
 set all_icons(M$ui_workdir) file_mod
 set all_icons(D$ui_workdir) file_question
 set all_icons(U$ui_workdir) file_merge
 set all_icons(O$ui_workdir) file_plain
+set all_icons(T$ui_workdir) file_statechange
 
 set max_status_desc 0
 foreach i {
-		{__ "Unmodified"}
-
-		{_M "Modified, not staged"}
-		{M_ "Staged for commit"}
-		{MM "Portions staged for commit"}
-		{MD "Staged for commit, missing"}
-
-		{_O "Untracked, not staged"}
-		{A_ "Staged for commit"}
-		{AM "Portions staged for commit"}
-		{AD "Staged for commit, missing"}
-
-		{_D "Missing"}
-		{D_ "Staged for removal"}
-		{DO "Staged for removal, still present"}
-
-		{U_ "Requires merge resolution"}
-		{UU "Requires merge resolution"}
-		{UM "Requires merge resolution"}
-		{UD "Requires merge resolution"}
+		{__ {mc "Unmodified"}}
+
+		{_M {mc "Modified, not staged"}}
+		{M_ {mc "Staged for commit"}}
+		{MM {mc "Portions staged for commit"}}
+		{MD {mc "Staged for commit, missing"}}
+
+		{_T {mc "File type changed, not staged"}}
+		{T_ {mc "File type changed, staged"}}
+
+		{_O {mc "Untracked, not staged"}}
+		{A_ {mc "Staged for commit"}}
+		{AM {mc "Portions staged for commit"}}
+		{AD {mc "Staged for commit, missing"}}
+
+		{_D {mc "Missing"}}
+		{D_ {mc "Staged for removal"}}
+		{DO {mc "Staged for removal, still present"}}
+
+		{_U {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
+		{U_ {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
+		{UU {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
+		{UM {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
+		{UD {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
+		{UT {mc "Requires merge resolution"}}
 	} {
-	if {$max_status_desc < [string length [lindex $i 1]]} {
-		set max_status_desc [string length [lindex $i 1]]
+	set text [eval [lindex $i 1]]
+	if {$max_status_desc < [string length $text]} {
+		set max_status_desc [string length $text]
 	}
-	set all_descs([lindex $i 0]) [lindex $i 1]
+	set all_descs([lindex $i 0]) $text
 }
 unset i
 
@@ -3870,13 +1881,6 @@ unset i
 ##
 ## util
 
-proc bind_button3 {w cmd} {
-	bind $w <Any-Button-3> $cmd
-	if {[is_MacOSX]} {
-		bind $w <Control-Button-1> $cmd
-	}
-}
-
 proc scrollbar2many {list mode args} {
 	foreach w $list {eval $w $mode $args}
 }
@@ -3891,358 +1895,79 @@ proc incr_font_size {font {amt 1}} {
 	incr sz $amt
 	font configure $font -size $sz
 	font configure ${font}bold -size $sz
-}
-
-proc hook_failed_popup {hook msg} {
-	set w .hookfail
-	toplevel $w
-
-	frame $w.m
-	label $w.m.l1 -text "$hook hook failed:" \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-font font_uibold
-	text $w.m.t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-width 80 -height 10 \
-		-font font_diff \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.m.sby set]
-	label $w.m.l2 \
-		-text {You must correct the above errors before committing.} \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-font font_uibold
-	scrollbar $w.m.sby -command [list $w.m.t yview]
-	pack $w.m.l1 -side top -fill x
-	pack $w.m.l2 -side bottom -fill x
-	pack $w.m.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.m.t -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.m -side top -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 10
-
-	$w.m.t insert 1.0 $msg
-	$w.m.t conf -state disabled
-
-	button $w.ok -text OK \
-		-width 15 \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "destroy $w"
-	pack $w.ok -side bottom -anchor e -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): error"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-set next_console_id 0
-
-proc new_console {short_title long_title} {
-	global next_console_id console_data
-	set w .console[incr next_console_id]
-	set console_data($w) [list $short_title $long_title]
-	return [console_init $w]
-}
-
-proc console_init {w} {
-	global console_cr console_data M1B
-
-	set console_cr($w) 1.0
-	toplevel $w
-	frame $w.m
-	label $w.m.l1 -text "[lindex $console_data($w) 1]:" \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-font font_uibold
-	text $w.m.t \
-		-background white -borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief sunken \
-		-width 80 -height 10 \
-		-font font_diff \
-		-state disabled \
-		-yscrollcommand [list $w.m.sby set]
-	label $w.m.s -text {Working... please wait...} \
-		-anchor w \
-		-justify left \
-		-font font_uibold
-	scrollbar $w.m.sby -command [list $w.m.t yview]
-	pack $w.m.l1 -side top -fill x
-	pack $w.m.s -side bottom -fill x
-	pack $w.m.sby -side right -fill y
-	pack $w.m.t -side left -fill both -expand 1
-	pack $w.m -side top -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 10
-
-	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
-	$w.ctxm add command -label "Copy" \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "tk_textCopy $w.m.t"
-	$w.ctxm add command -label "Select All" \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "focus $w.m.t;$w.m.t tag add sel 0.0 end"
-	$w.ctxm add command -label "Copy All" \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "
-			$w.m.t tag add sel 0.0 end
-			tk_textCopy $w.m.t
-			$w.m.t tag remove sel 0.0 end
-		"
-
-	button $w.ok -text {Close} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-state disabled \
-		-command "destroy $w"
-	pack $w.ok -side bottom -anchor e -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	bind_button3 $w.m.t "tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y"
-	bind $w.m.t <$M1B-Key-a> "$w.m.t tag add sel 0.0 end;break"
-	bind $w.m.t <$M1B-Key-A> "$w.m.t tag add sel 0.0 end;break"
-	bind $w <Visibility> "focus $w"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): [lindex $console_data($w) 0]"
-	return $w
-}
-
-proc console_exec {w cmd after} {
-	# -- Cygwin's Tcl tosses the enviroment when we exec our child.
-	#    But most users need that so we have to relogin. :-(
-	#
-	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
-		set cmd [list sh --login -c "cd \"[pwd]\" && [join $cmd { }]"]
-	}
-
-	# -- Tcl won't let us redirect both stdout and stderr to
-	#    the same pipe.  So pass it through cat...
-	#
-	set cmd [concat | $cmd |& cat]
-
-	set fd_f [open $cmd r]
-	fconfigure $fd_f -blocking 0 -translation binary
-	fileevent $fd_f readable [list console_read $w $fd_f $after]
-}
-
-proc console_read {w fd after} {
-	global console_cr
-
-	set buf [read $fd]
-	if {$buf ne {}} {
-		if {![winfo exists $w]} {console_init $w}
-		$w.m.t conf -state normal
-		set c 0
-		set n [string length $buf]
-		while {$c < $n} {
-			set cr [string first "\r" $buf $c]
-			set lf [string first "\n" $buf $c]
-			if {$cr < 0} {set cr [expr {$n + 1}]}
-			if {$lf < 0} {set lf [expr {$n + 1}]}
-
-			if {$lf < $cr} {
-				$w.m.t insert end [string range $buf $c $lf]
-				set console_cr($w) [$w.m.t index {end -1c}]
-				set c $lf
-				incr c
-			} else {
-				$w.m.t delete $console_cr($w) end
-				$w.m.t insert end "\n"
-				$w.m.t insert end [string range $buf $c $cr]
-				set c $cr
-				incr c
-			}
-		}
-		$w.m.t conf -state disabled
-		$w.m.t see end
-	}
-
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
-	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		if {[catch {close $fd}]} {
-			set ok 0
-		} else {
-			set ok 1
-		}
-		uplevel #0 $after $w $ok
-		return
-	}
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
-}
-
-proc console_chain {cmdlist w {ok 1}} {
-	if {$ok} {
-		if {[llength $cmdlist] == 0} {
-			console_done $w $ok
-			return
-		}
-
-		set cmd [lindex $cmdlist 0]
-		set cmdlist [lrange $cmdlist 1 end]
-
-		if {[lindex $cmd 0] eq {console_exec}} {
-			console_exec $w \
-				[lindex $cmd 1] \
-				[list console_chain $cmdlist]
-		} else {
-			uplevel #0 $cmd $cmdlist $w $ok
-		}
-	} else {
-		console_done $w $ok
-	}
-}
-
-proc console_done {args} {
-	global console_cr console_data
-
-	switch -- [llength $args] {
-	2 {
-		set w [lindex $args 0]
-		set ok [lindex $args 1]
-	}
-	3 {
-		set w [lindex $args 1]
-		set ok [lindex $args 2]
-	}
-	default {
-		error "wrong number of args: console_done ?ignored? w ok"
-	}
-	}
-
-	if {$ok} {
-		if {[winfo exists $w]} {
-			$w.m.s conf -background green -text {Success}
-			$w.ok conf -state normal
-		}
-	} else {
-		if {![winfo exists $w]} {
-			console_init $w
-		}
-		$w.m.s conf -background red -text {Error: Command Failed}
-		$w.ok conf -state normal
-	}
-
-	array unset console_cr $w
-	array unset console_data $w
+	font configure ${font}italic -size $sz
 }
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
 ## ui commands
 
-set starting_gitk_msg {Starting gitk... please wait...}
+set starting_gitk_msg [mc "Starting gitk... please wait..."]
 
 proc do_gitk {revs} {
-	global env ui_status_value starting_gitk_msg
-
 	# -- Always start gitk through whatever we were loaded with.  This
 	#    lets us bypass using shell process on Windows systems.
 	#
-	set cmd [info nameofexecutable]
-	lappend cmd [gitexec gitk]
-	if {$revs ne {}} {
-		append cmd { }
-		append cmd $revs
-	}
-
-	if {[catch {eval exec $cmd &} err]} {
-		error_popup "Failed to start gitk:\n\n$err"
+	set exe [_which gitk -script]
+	set cmd [list [info nameofexecutable] $exe]
+	if {$exe eq {}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"]
 	} else {
-		set ui_status_value $starting_gitk_msg
-		after 10000 {
-			if {$ui_status_value eq $starting_gitk_msg} {
-				set ui_status_value {Ready.}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
+		global env
 
-proc do_stats {} {
-	set fd [open "| git count-objects -v" r]
-	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
-		if {[regexp {^([^:]+): (\d+)$} $line _ name value]} {
-			set stats($name) $value
+		if {[info exists env(GIT_DIR)]} {
+			set old_GIT_DIR $env(GIT_DIR)
+		} else {
+			set old_GIT_DIR {}
 		}
-	}
-	close $fd
 
-	set packed_sz 0
-	foreach p [glob -directory [gitdir objects pack] \
-		-type f \
-		-nocomplain -- *] {
-		incr packed_sz [file size $p]
-	}
-	if {$packed_sz > 0} {
-		set stats(size-pack) [expr {$packed_sz / 1024}]
-	}
-
-	set w .stats_view
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text {Database Statistics} \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons -border 1
-	button $w.buttons.close -text Close \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	button $w.buttons.gc -text {Compress Database} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "destroy $w;do_gc"
-	pack $w.buttons.close -side right
-	pack $w.buttons.gc -side left
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	frame $w.stat -borderwidth 1 -relief solid
-	foreach s {
-		{count           {Number of loose objects}}
-		{size            {Disk space used by loose objects} { KiB}}
-		{in-pack         {Number of packed objects}}
-		{packs           {Number of packs}}
-		{size-pack       {Disk space used by packed objects} { KiB}}
-		{prune-packable  {Packed objects waiting for pruning}}
-		{garbage         {Garbage files}}
-		} {
-		set name [lindex $s 0]
-		set label [lindex $s 1]
-		if {[catch {set value $stats($name)}]} continue
-		if {[llength $s] > 2} {
-			set value "$value[lindex $s 2]"
-		}
+		set pwd [pwd]
+		cd [file dirname [gitdir]]
+		set env(GIT_DIR) [file tail [gitdir]]
 
-		label $w.stat.l_$name -text "$label:" -anchor w -font font_ui
-		label $w.stat.v_$name -text $value -anchor w -font font_ui
-		grid $w.stat.l_$name $w.stat.v_$name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
-	}
-	pack $w.stat -pady 10 -padx 10
+		eval exec $cmd $revs &
 
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
-	bind $w <Key-Return> [list destroy $w]
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Database Statistics"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
+		if {$old_GIT_DIR eq {}} {
+			unset env(GIT_DIR)
+		} else {
+			set env(GIT_DIR) $old_GIT_DIR
+		}
+		cd $pwd
 
-proc do_gc {} {
-	set w [new_console {gc} {Compressing the object database}]
-	console_chain {
-		{console_exec {git pack-refs --prune}}
-		{console_exec {git reflog expire --all}}
-		{console_exec {git repack -a -d -l}}
-		{console_exec {git rerere gc}}
-	} $w
+		ui_status $::starting_gitk_msg
+		after 10000 {
+			ui_ready $starting_gitk_msg
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-proc do_fsck_objects {} {
-	set w [new_console {fsck-objects} \
-		{Verifying the object database with fsck-objects}]
-	set cmd [list git fsck-objects]
-	lappend cmd --full
-	lappend cmd --cache
-	lappend cmd --strict
-	console_exec $w $cmd console_done
+proc do_explore {} {
+	set explorer {}
+	if {[is_Cygwin] || [is_Windows]} {
+		set explorer "explorer.exe"
+	} elseif {[is_MacOSX]} {
+		set explorer "open"
+	} else {
+		# freedesktop.org-conforming system is our best shot
+		set explorer "xdg-open"
+	}
+	eval exec $explorer [list [file nativename [file dirname [gitdir]]]] &
 }
 
 set is_quitting 0
+set ret_code    1
 
-proc do_quit {} {
+proc terminate_me {win} {
+	global ret_code
+	if {$win ne {.}} return
+	exit $ret_code
+}
+
+proc do_quit {{rc {1}}} {
 	global ui_comm is_quitting repo_config commit_type
+	global GITGUI_BCK_exists GITGUI_BCK_i
+	global ui_comm_spell
+	global ret_code
 
 	if {$is_quitting} return
 	set is_quitting 1
@@ -4251,26 +1976,44 @@ proc do_quit {} {
 		# -- Stash our current commit buffer.
 		#
 		set save [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]
-		set msg [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]]
-		regsub -all -line {[ \r\t]+$} $msg {} msg
-		if {(![string match amend* $commit_type]
-			|| [$ui_comm edit modified])
-			&& $msg ne {}} {
-			catch {
-				set fd [open $save w]
-				puts -nonewline $fd $msg
-				close $fd
-			}
+		if {$GITGUI_BCK_exists && ![$ui_comm edit modified]} {
+			file rename -force [gitdir GITGUI_BCK] $save
+			set GITGUI_BCK_exists 0
 		} else {
-			catch {file delete $save}
+			set msg [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]]
+			regsub -all -line {[ \r\t]+$} $msg {} msg
+			if {(![string match amend* $commit_type]
+				|| [$ui_comm edit modified])
+				&& $msg ne {}} {
+				catch {
+					set fd [open $save w]
+					puts -nonewline $fd $msg
+					close $fd
+				}
+			} else {
+				catch {file delete $save}
+			}
+		}
+
+		# -- Cancel our spellchecker if its running.
+		#
+		if {[info exists ui_comm_spell]} {
+			$ui_comm_spell stop
+		}
+
+		# -- Remove our editor backup, its not needed.
+		#
+		after cancel $GITGUI_BCK_i
+		if {$GITGUI_BCK_exists} {
+			catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_BCK]}
 		}
 
 		# -- Stash our current window geometry into this repository.
 		#
 		set cfg_geometry [list]
 		lappend cfg_geometry [wm geometry .]
-		lappend cfg_geometry [lindex [.vpane sash coord 0] 1]
-		lappend cfg_geometry [lindex [.vpane.files sash coord 0] 0]
+		lappend cfg_geometry [lindex [.vpane sash coord 0] 0]
+		lappend cfg_geometry [lindex [.vpane.files sash coord 0] 1]
 		if {[catch {set rc_geometry $repo_config(gui.geometry)}]} {
 			set rc_geometry {}
 		}
@@ -4279,602 +2022,144 @@ proc do_quit {} {
 		}
 	}
 
+	set ret_code $rc
 	destroy .
 }
 
 proc do_rescan {} {
-	rescan {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}
+	rescan ui_ready
 }
 
-proc unstage_helper {txt paths} {
-	global file_states current_diff_path
-
-	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
-
-	set pathList [list]
-	set after {}
-	foreach path $paths {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		A? -
-		M? -
-		D? {
-			lappend pathList $path
-			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
-				set after {reshow_diff;}
-			}
-		}
-		}
-	}
-	if {$pathList eq {}} {
-		unlock_index
-	} else {
-		update_indexinfo \
-			$txt \
-			$pathList \
-			[concat $after {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}]
-	}
+proc ui_do_rescan {} {
+	rescan {force_first_diff ui_ready}
 }
 
-proc do_unstage_selection {} {
-	global current_diff_path selected_paths
-
-	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
-		unstage_helper \
-			{Unstaging selected files from commit} \
-			[array names selected_paths]
-	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
-		unstage_helper \
-			"Unstaging [short_path $current_diff_path] from commit" \
-			[list $current_diff_path]
-	}
+proc do_commit {} {
+	commit_tree
 }
 
-proc add_helper {txt paths} {
-	global file_states current_diff_path
+proc next_diff {{after {}}} {
+	global next_diff_p next_diff_w next_diff_i
+	show_diff $next_diff_p $next_diff_w {} {} $after
+}
 
-	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
+proc find_anchor_pos {lst name} {
+	set lid [lsearch -sorted -exact $lst $name]
 
-	set pathList [list]
-	set after {}
-	foreach path $paths {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		_O -
-		?M -
-		?D -
-		U? {
-			lappend pathList $path
-			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
-				set after {reshow_diff;}
-			}
-		}
+	if {$lid == -1} {
+		set lid 0
+		foreach lname $lst {
+			if {$lname >= $name} break
+			incr lid
 		}
 	}
-	if {$pathList eq {}} {
-		unlock_index
-	} else {
-		update_index \
-			$txt \
-			$pathList \
-			[concat $after {set ui_status_value {Ready to commit.}}]
-	}
-}
-
-proc do_add_selection {} {
-	global current_diff_path selected_paths
 
-	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
-		add_helper \
-			{Adding selected files} \
-			[array names selected_paths]
-	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
-		add_helper \
-			"Adding [short_path $current_diff_path]" \
-			[list $current_diff_path]
-	}
+	return $lid
 }
 
-proc do_add_all {} {
+proc find_file_from {flist idx delta path mmask} {
 	global file_states
 
-	set paths [list]
-	foreach path [array names file_states] {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		U? {continue}
-		?M -
-		?D {lappend paths $path}
-		}
-	}
-	add_helper {Adding all changed files} $paths
-}
-
-proc revert_helper {txt paths} {
-	global file_states current_diff_path
+	set len [llength $flist]
+	while {$idx >= 0 && $idx < $len} {
+		set name [lindex $flist $idx]
 
-	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
+		if {$name ne $path && [info exists file_states($name)]} {
+			set state [lindex $file_states($name) 0]
 
-	set pathList [list]
-	set after {}
-	foreach path $paths {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
-		U? {continue}
-		?M -
-		?D {
-			lappend pathList $path
-			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
-				set after {reshow_diff;}
+			if {$mmask eq {} || [regexp $mmask $state]} {
+				return $idx
 			}
 		}
-		}
-	}
 
-	set n [llength $pathList]
-	if {$n == 0} {
-		unlock_index
-		return
-	} elseif {$n == 1} {
-		set s "[short_path [lindex $pathList]]"
-	} else {
-		set s "these $n files"
+		incr idx $delta
 	}
 
-	set reply [tk_dialog \
-		.confirm_revert \
-		"[appname] ([reponame])" \
-		"Revert changes in $s?
-
-Any unadded changes will be permanently lost by the revert." \
-		question \
-		1 \
-		{Do Nothing} \
-		{Revert Changes} \
-		]
-	if {$reply == 1} {
-		checkout_index \
-			$txt \
-			$pathList \
-			[concat $after {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}]
-	} else {
-		unlock_index
-	}
+	return {}
 }
 
-proc do_revert_selection {} {
-	global current_diff_path selected_paths
+proc find_next_diff {w path {lno {}} {mmask {}}} {
+	global next_diff_p next_diff_w next_diff_i
+	global file_lists ui_index ui_workdir
 
-	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
-		revert_helper \
-			{Reverting selected files} \
-			[array names selected_paths]
-	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
-		revert_helper \
-			"Reverting [short_path $current_diff_path]" \
-			[list $current_diff_path]
+	set flist $file_lists($w)
+	if {$lno eq {}} {
+		set lno [find_anchor_pos $flist $path]
+	} else {
+		incr lno -1
 	}
-}
 
-proc do_signoff {} {
-	global ui_comm
-
-	set me [committer_ident]
-	if {$me eq {}} return
-
-	set sob "Signed-off-by: $me"
-	set last [$ui_comm get {end -1c linestart} {end -1c}]
-	if {$last ne $sob} {
-		$ui_comm edit separator
-		if {$last ne {}
-			&& ![regexp {^[A-Z][A-Za-z]*-[A-Za-z-]+: *} $last]} {
-			$ui_comm insert end "\n"
+	if {$mmask ne {} && ![regexp {(^\^)|(\$$)} $mmask]} {
+		if {$w eq $ui_index} {
+			set mmask "^$mmask"
+		} else {
+			set mmask "$mmask\$"
 		}
-		$ui_comm insert end "\n$sob"
-		$ui_comm edit separator
-		$ui_comm see end
 	}
-}
-
-proc do_select_commit_type {} {
-	global commit_type selected_commit_type
-
-	if {$selected_commit_type eq {new}
-		&& [string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		create_new_commit
-	} elseif {$selected_commit_type eq {amend}
-		&& ![string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		load_last_commit
 
-		# The amend request was rejected...
-		#
-		if {![string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-			set selected_commit_type new
-		}
+	set idx [find_file_from $flist $lno 1 $path $mmask]
+	if {$idx eq {}} {
+		incr lno -1
+		set idx [find_file_from $flist $lno -1 $path $mmask]
 	}
-}
-
-proc do_commit {} {
-	commit_tree
-}
 
-proc do_about {} {
-	global appvers copyright
-	global tcl_patchLevel tk_patchLevel
-
-	set w .about_dialog
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text "About [appname]" \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.close -text {Close} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.close -side right
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	label $w.desc \
-		-text "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git.
-$copyright" \
-		-padx 5 -pady 5 \
-		-justify left \
-		-anchor w \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief solid \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.desc -side top -fill x -padx 5 -pady 5
-
-	set v {}
-	append v "git-gui version $appvers\n"
-	append v "[git version]\n"
-	append v "\n"
-	if {$tcl_patchLevel eq $tk_patchLevel} {
-		append v "Tcl/Tk version $tcl_patchLevel"
+	if {$idx ne {}} {
+		set next_diff_w $w
+		set next_diff_p [lindex $flist $idx]
+		set next_diff_i [expr {$idx+1}]
+		return 1
 	} else {
-		append v "Tcl version $tcl_patchLevel"
-		append v ", Tk version $tk_patchLevel"
-	}
-
-	label $w.vers \
-		-text $v \
-		-padx 5 -pady 5 \
-		-justify left \
-		-anchor w \
-		-borderwidth 1 \
-		-relief solid \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.vers -side top -fill x -padx 5 -pady 5
-
-	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
-	$w.ctxm add command \
-		-label {Copy} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command "
-		clipboard clear
-		clipboard append -format STRING -type STRING -- \[$w.vers cget -text\]
-	"
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
-	bind_button3 $w.vers "tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y; grab $w; focus $w"
-	wm title $w "About [appname]"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-proc do_options {} {
-	global repo_config global_config font_descs
-	global repo_config_new global_config_new
-
-	array unset repo_config_new
-	array unset global_config_new
-	foreach name [array names repo_config] {
-		set repo_config_new($name) $repo_config($name)
-	}
-	load_config 1
-	foreach name [array names repo_config] {
-		switch -- $name {
-		gui.diffcontext {continue}
-		}
-		set repo_config_new($name) $repo_config($name)
-	}
-	foreach name [array names global_config] {
-		set global_config_new($name) $global_config($name)
-	}
-
-	set w .options_editor
-	toplevel $w
-	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-
-	label $w.header -text "Options" \
-		-font font_uibold
-	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
-
-	frame $w.buttons
-	button $w.buttons.restore -text {Restore Defaults} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command do_restore_defaults
-	pack $w.buttons.restore -side left
-	button $w.buttons.save -text Save \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list do_save_config $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.save -side right
-	button $w.buttons.cancel -text {Cancel} \
-		-font font_ui \
-		-command [list destroy $w]
-	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
-	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
-
-	labelframe $w.repo -text "[reponame] Repository" \
-		-font font_ui
-	labelframe $w.global -text {Global (All Repositories)} \
-		-font font_ui
-	pack $w.repo -side left -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
-	pack $w.global -side right -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
-
-	set optid 0
-	foreach option {
-		{t user.name {User Name}}
-		{t user.email {Email Address}}
-
-		{b merge.summary {Summarize Merge Commits}}
-		{i-1..5 merge.verbosity {Merge Verbosity}}
-
-		{b gui.trustmtime  {Trust File Modification Timestamps}}
-		{i-1..99 gui.diffcontext {Number of Diff Context Lines}}
-		{t gui.newbranchtemplate {New Branch Name Template}}
-		} {
-		set type [lindex $option 0]
-		set name [lindex $option 1]
-		set text [lindex $option 2]
-		incr optid
-		foreach f {repo global} {
-			switch -glob -- $type {
-			b {
-				checkbutton $w.$f.$optid -text $text \
-					-variable ${f}_config_new($name) \
-					-onvalue true \
-					-offvalue false \
-					-font font_ui
-				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w
-			}
-			i-* {
-				regexp -- {-(\d+)\.\.(\d+)$} $type _junk min max
-				frame $w.$f.$optid
-				label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:" -font font_ui
-				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
-				spinbox $w.$f.$optid.v \
-					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
-					-from $min \
-					-to $max \
-					-increment 1 \
-					-width [expr {1 + [string length $max]}] \
-					-font font_ui
-				bind $w.$f.$optid.v <FocusIn> {%W selection range 0 end}
-				pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side right -anchor e -padx 5
-				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
-			}
-			t {
-				frame $w.$f.$optid
-				label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:" -font font_ui
-				entry $w.$f.$optid.v \
-					-borderwidth 1 \
-					-relief sunken \
-					-width 20 \
-					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
-					-font font_ui
-				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w
-				pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side left -anchor w \
-					-fill x -expand 1 \
-					-padx 5
-				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
-			}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	set all_fonts [lsort [font families]]
-	foreach option $font_descs {
-		set name [lindex $option 0]
-		set font [lindex $option 1]
-		set text [lindex $option 2]
-
-		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
-			[font configure $font -family]
-		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
-			[font configure $font -size]
-
-		frame $w.global.$name
-		label $w.global.$name.l -text "$text:" -font font_ui
-		pack $w.global.$name.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
-		eval tk_optionMenu $w.global.$name.family \
-			global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
-			$all_fonts
-		spinbox $w.global.$name.size \
-			-textvariable global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
-			-from 2 -to 80 -increment 1 \
-			-width 3 \
-			-font font_ui
-		bind $w.global.$name.size <FocusIn> {%W selection range 0 end}
-		pack $w.global.$name.size -side right -anchor e
-		pack $w.global.$name.family -side right -anchor e
-		pack $w.global.$name -side top -anchor w -fill x
-	}
-
-	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
-	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): Options"
-	tkwait window $w
-}
-
-proc do_restore_defaults {} {
-	global font_descs default_config repo_config
-	global repo_config_new global_config_new
-
-	foreach name [array names default_config] {
-		set repo_config_new($name) $default_config($name)
-		set global_config_new($name) $default_config($name)
-	}
-
-	foreach option $font_descs {
-		set name [lindex $option 0]
-		set repo_config(gui.$name) $default_config(gui.$name)
-	}
-	apply_config
-
-	foreach option $font_descs {
-		set name [lindex $option 0]
-		set font [lindex $option 1]
-		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
-			[font configure $font -family]
-		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
-			[font configure $font -size]
+		return 0
 	}
 }
 
-proc do_save_config {w} {
-	if {[catch {save_config} err]} {
-		error_popup "Failed to completely save options:\n\n$err"
+proc next_diff_after_action {w path {lno {}} {mmask {}}} {
+	global current_diff_path
+
+	if {$path ne $current_diff_path} {
+		return {}
+	} elseif {[find_next_diff $w $path $lno $mmask]} {
+		return {next_diff;}
+	} else {
+		return {reshow_diff;}
 	}
-	reshow_diff
-	destroy $w
 }
 
-proc do_windows_shortcut {} {
-	global argv0
+proc select_first_diff {after} {
+	global ui_workdir
 
-	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
-		-parent . \
-		-title "[appname] ([reponame]): Create Desktop Icon" \
-		-initialfile "Git [reponame].bat"]
-	if {$fn != {}} {
-		if {[catch {
-				set fd [open $fn w]
-				puts $fd "@ECHO Entering [reponame]"
-				puts $fd "@ECHO Starting git-gui... please wait..."
-				puts $fd "@SET PATH=[file normalize [gitexec]];%PATH%"
-				puts $fd "@SET GIT_DIR=[file normalize [gitdir]]"
-				puts -nonewline $fd "@\"[info nameofexecutable]\""
-				puts $fd " \"[file normalize $argv0]\""
-				close $fd
-			} err]} {
-			error_popup "Cannot write script:\n\n$err"
-		}
+	if {[find_next_diff $ui_workdir {} 1 {^_?U}] ||
+	    [find_next_diff $ui_workdir {} 1 {[^O]$}]} {
+		next_diff $after
+	} else {
+		uplevel #0 $after
 	}
 }
 
-proc do_cygwin_shortcut {} {
-	global argv0
+proc force_first_diff {after} {
+	global ui_workdir current_diff_path file_states
 
-	if {[catch {
-		set desktop [exec cygpath \
-			--windows \
-			--absolute \
-			--long-name \
-			--desktop]
-		}]} {
-			set desktop .
-	}
-	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
-		-parent . \
-		-title "[appname] ([reponame]): Create Desktop Icon" \
-		-initialdir $desktop \
-		-initialfile "Git [reponame].bat"]
-	if {$fn != {}} {
-		if {[catch {
-				set fd [open $fn w]
-				set sh [exec cygpath \
-					--windows \
-					--absolute \
-					/bin/sh]
-				set me [exec cygpath \
-					--unix \
-					--absolute \
-					$argv0]
-				set gd [exec cygpath \
-					--unix \
-					--absolute \
-					[gitdir]]
-				set gw [exec cygpath \
-					--windows \
-					--absolute \
-					[file dirname [gitdir]]]
-				regsub -all ' $me "'\\''" me
-				regsub -all ' $gd "'\\''" gd
-				puts $fd "@ECHO Entering $gw"
-				puts $fd "@ECHO Starting git-gui... please wait..."
-				puts -nonewline $fd "@\"$sh\" --login -c \""
-				puts -nonewline $fd "GIT_DIR='$gd'"
-				puts -nonewline $fd " '$me'"
-				puts $fd "&\""
-				close $fd
-			} err]} {
-			error_popup "Cannot write script:\n\n$err"
-		}
+	if {[info exists file_states($current_diff_path)]} {
+		set state [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
+	} else {
+		set state {OO}
 	}
-}
 
-proc do_macosx_app {} {
-	global argv0 env
-
-	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
-		-parent . \
-		-title "[appname] ([reponame]): Create Desktop Icon" \
-		-initialdir [file join $env(HOME) Desktop] \
-		-initialfile "Git [reponame].app"]
-	if {$fn != {}} {
-		if {[catch {
-				set Contents [file join $fn Contents]
-				set MacOS [file join $Contents MacOS]
-				set exe [file join $MacOS git-gui]
-
-				file mkdir $MacOS
-
-				set fd [open [file join $Contents Info.plist] w]
-				puts $fd {<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
-<plist version="1.0">
-<dict>
-	<key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
-	<string>English</string>
-	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
-	<string>git-gui</string>
-	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
-	<string>org.spearce.git-gui</string>
-	<key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
-	<string>6.0</string>
-	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
-	<string>APPL</string>
-	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
-	<string>????</string>
-	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
-	<string>1.0</string>
-	<key>NSPrincipalClass</key>
-	<string>NSApplication</string>
-</dict>
-</plist>}
-				close $fd
-
-				set fd [open $exe w]
-				set gd [file normalize [gitdir]]
-				set ep [file normalize [gitexec]]
-				regsub -all ' $gd "'\\''" gd
-				regsub -all ' $ep "'\\''" ep
-				puts $fd "#!/bin/sh"
-				foreach name [array names env] {
-					if {[string match GIT_* $name]} {
-						regsub -all ' $env($name) "'\\''" v
-						puts $fd "export $name='$v'"
-					}
-				}
-				puts $fd "export PATH='$ep':\$PATH"
-				puts $fd "export GIT_DIR='$gd'"
-				puts $fd "exec [file normalize $argv0]"
-				close $fd
+	set reselect 0
+	if {[string first {U} $state] >= 0} {
+		# Already a conflict, do nothing
+	} elseif {[find_next_diff $ui_workdir $current_diff_path {} {^_?U}]} {
+		set reselect 1
+	} elseif {[string index $state 1] ne {O}} {
+		# Already a diff & no conflicts, do nothing
+	} elseif {[find_next_diff $ui_workdir $current_diff_path {} {[^O]$}]} {
+		set reselect 1
+	}
 
-				file attributes $exe -permissions u+x,g+x,o+x
-			} err]} {
-			error_popup "Cannot write icon:\n\n$err"
-		}
+	if {$reselect} {
+		next_diff $after
+	} else {
+		uplevel #0 $after
 	}
 }
 
@@ -4896,22 +2181,41 @@ proc toggle_or_diff {w x y} {
 	$ui_index tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
 	$ui_workdir tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
 
-	if {$col == 0} {
-		if {$current_diff_path eq $path} {
-			set after {reshow_diff;}
+	# Determine the state of the file
+	if {[info exists file_states($path)]} {
+		set state [lindex $file_states($path) 0]
+	} else {
+		set state {__}
+	}
+
+	# Restage the file, or simply show the diff
+	if {$col == 0 && $y > 1} {
+		# Conflicts need special handling
+		if {[string first {U} $state] >= 0} {
+			# $w must always be $ui_workdir, but...
+			if {$w ne $ui_workdir} { set lno {} }
+			merge_stage_workdir $path $lno
+			return
+		}
+
+		if {[string index $state 1] eq {O}} {
+			set mmask {}
 		} else {
-			set after {}
+			set mmask {[^O]}
 		}
+
+		set after [next_diff_after_action $w $path $lno $mmask]
+
 		if {$w eq $ui_index} {
 			update_indexinfo \
 				"Unstaging [short_path $path] from commit" \
 				[list $path] \
-				[concat $after {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}]
+				[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
 		} elseif {$w eq $ui_workdir} {
 			update_index \
 				"Adding [short_path $path]" \
 				[list $path] \
-				[concat $after {set ui_status_value {Ready.}}]
+				[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
 		}
 	} else {
 		show_diff $path $w $lno
@@ -4973,318 +2277,268 @@ proc add_range_to_selection {w x y} {
 	$w tag add in_sel $begin.0 [expr {$end + 1}].0
 }
 
-######################################################################
-##
-## config defaults
-
-set cursor_ptr arrow
-font create font_diff -family Courier -size 10
-font create font_ui
-catch {
-	label .dummy
-	eval font configure font_ui [font actual [.dummy cget -font]]
-	destroy .dummy
-}
-
-font create font_uibold
-font create font_diffbold
-
-if {[is_Windows]} {
-	set M1B Control
-	set M1T Ctrl
-} elseif {[is_MacOSX]} {
-	set M1B M1
-	set M1T Cmd
-} else {
-	set M1B M1
-	set M1T M1
-}
-
-proc apply_config {} {
-	global repo_config font_descs
-
-	foreach option $font_descs {
-		set name [lindex $option 0]
-		set font [lindex $option 1]
-		if {[catch {
-			foreach {cn cv} $repo_config(gui.$name) {
-				font configure $font $cn $cv
-			}
-			} err]} {
-			error_popup "Invalid font specified in gui.$name:\n\n$err"
-		}
-		foreach {cn cv} [font configure $font] {
-			font configure ${font}bold $cn $cv
-		}
-		font configure ${font}bold -weight bold
+proc show_more_context {} {
+	global repo_config
+	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) < 99} {
+		incr repo_config(gui.diffcontext)
+		reshow_diff
 	}
 }
 
-set default_config(merge.summary) false
-set default_config(merge.verbosity) 2
-set default_config(user.name) {}
-set default_config(user.email) {}
-
-set default_config(gui.trustmtime) false
-set default_config(gui.diffcontext) 5
-set default_config(gui.newbranchtemplate) {}
-set default_config(gui.fontui) [font configure font_ui]
-set default_config(gui.fontdiff) [font configure font_diff]
-set font_descs {
-	{fontui   font_ui   {Main Font}}
-	{fontdiff font_diff {Diff/Console Font}}
-}
-load_config 0
-apply_config
-
-######################################################################
-##
-## feature option selection
-
-if {[regexp {^git-(.+)$} [appname] _junk subcommand]} {
-	unset _junk
-} else {
-	set subcommand gui
-}
-if {$subcommand eq {gui.sh}} {
-	set subcommand gui
-}
-if {$subcommand eq {gui} && [llength $argv] > 0} {
-	set subcommand [lindex $argv 0]
-	set argv [lrange $argv 1 end]
-}
-
-enable_option multicommit
-enable_option branch
-enable_option transport
-
-switch -- $subcommand {
-browser -
-blame {
-	disable_option multicommit
-	disable_option branch
-	disable_option transport
-}
-citool {
-	enable_option singlecommit
-
-	disable_option multicommit
-	disable_option branch
-	disable_option transport
-}
+proc show_less_context {} {
+	global repo_config
+	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) > 1} {
+		incr repo_config(gui.diffcontext) -1
+		reshow_diff
+	}
 }
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
 ## ui construction
 
+load_config 0
+apply_config
 set ui_comm {}
 
 # -- Menu Bar
 #
 menu .mbar -tearoff 0
-.mbar add cascade -label Repository -menu .mbar.repository
-.mbar add cascade -label Edit -menu .mbar.edit
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	# -- Apple Menu (Mac OS X only)
+	#
+	.mbar add cascade -label Apple -menu .mbar.apple
+	menu .mbar.apple
+}
+.mbar add cascade -label [mc Repository] -menu .mbar.repository
+.mbar add cascade -label [mc Edit] -menu .mbar.edit
 if {[is_enabled branch]} {
-	.mbar add cascade -label Branch -menu .mbar.branch
+	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Branch] -menu .mbar.branch
 }
 if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
-	.mbar add cascade -label Commit -menu .mbar.commit
+	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Commit@@noun] -menu .mbar.commit
 }
 if {[is_enabled transport]} {
-	.mbar add cascade -label Merge -menu .mbar.merge
-	.mbar add cascade -label Fetch -menu .mbar.fetch
-	.mbar add cascade -label Push -menu .mbar.push
+	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Merge] -menu .mbar.merge
+	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Remote] -menu .mbar.remote
+}
+if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
+	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Tools] -menu .mbar.tools
 }
-. configure -menu .mbar
 
 # -- Repository Menu
 #
 menu .mbar.repository
 
 .mbar.repository add command \
-	-label {Browse Current Branch} \
-	-command {new_browser $current_branch} \
-	-font font_ui
-trace add variable current_branch write ".mbar.repository entryconf [.mbar.repository index last] -label \"Browse \$current_branch\" ;#"
+	-label [mc "Explore Working Copy"] \
+	-command {do_explore}
+.mbar.repository add separator
+
+.mbar.repository add command \
+	-label [mc "Browse Current Branch's Files"] \
+	-command {browser::new $current_branch}
+set ui_browse_current [.mbar.repository index last]
+.mbar.repository add command \
+	-label [mc "Browse Branch Files..."] \
+	-command browser_open::dialog
 .mbar.repository add separator
 
 .mbar.repository add command \
-	-label {Visualize Current Branch} \
-	-command {do_gitk $current_branch} \
-	-font font_ui
-trace add variable current_branch write ".mbar.repository entryconf [.mbar.repository index last] -label \"Visualize \$current_branch\" ;#"
+	-label [mc "Visualize Current Branch's History"] \
+	-command {do_gitk $current_branch}
+set ui_visualize_current [.mbar.repository index last]
 .mbar.repository add command \
-	-label {Visualize All Branches} \
-	-command {do_gitk --all} \
-	-font font_ui
+	-label [mc "Visualize All Branch History"] \
+	-command {do_gitk --all}
 .mbar.repository add separator
 
+proc current_branch_write {args} {
+	global current_branch
+	.mbar.repository entryconf $::ui_browse_current \
+		-label [mc "Browse %s's Files" $current_branch]
+	.mbar.repository entryconf $::ui_visualize_current \
+		-label [mc "Visualize %s's History" $current_branch]
+}
+trace add variable current_branch write current_branch_write
+
 if {[is_enabled multicommit]} {
-	.mbar.repository add command -label {Database Statistics} \
-		-command do_stats \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.repository add command -label [mc "Database Statistics"] \
+		-command do_stats
 
-	.mbar.repository add command -label {Compress Database} \
-		-command do_gc \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.repository add command -label [mc "Compress Database"] \
+		-command do_gc
 
-	.mbar.repository add command -label {Verify Database} \
-		-command do_fsck_objects \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.repository add command -label [mc "Verify Database"] \
+		-command do_fsck_objects
 
 	.mbar.repository add separator
 
 	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
 		.mbar.repository add command \
-			-label {Create Desktop Icon} \
-			-command do_cygwin_shortcut \
-			-font font_ui
+			-label [mc "Create Desktop Icon"] \
+			-command do_cygwin_shortcut
 	} elseif {[is_Windows]} {
 		.mbar.repository add command \
-			-label {Create Desktop Icon} \
-			-command do_windows_shortcut \
-			-font font_ui
+			-label [mc "Create Desktop Icon"] \
+			-command do_windows_shortcut
 	} elseif {[is_MacOSX]} {
 		.mbar.repository add command \
-			-label {Create Desktop Icon} \
-			-command do_macosx_app \
-			-font font_ui
+			-label [mc "Create Desktop Icon"] \
+			-command do_macosx_app
 	}
 }
 
-.mbar.repository add command -label Quit \
-	-command do_quit \
-	-accelerator $M1T-Q \
-	-font font_ui
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	proc ::tk::mac::Quit {args} { do_quit }
+} else {
+	.mbar.repository add command -label [mc Quit] \
+		-command do_quit \
+		-accelerator $M1T-Q
+}
 
 # -- Edit Menu
 #
 menu .mbar.edit
-.mbar.edit add command -label Undo \
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Undo] \
 	-command {catch {[focus] edit undo}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-Z \
-	-font font_ui
-.mbar.edit add command -label Redo \
+	-accelerator $M1T-Z
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Redo] \
 	-command {catch {[focus] edit redo}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-Y \
-	-font font_ui
+	-accelerator $M1T-Y
 .mbar.edit add separator
-.mbar.edit add command -label Cut \
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Cut] \
 	-command {catch {tk_textCut [focus]}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-X \
-	-font font_ui
-.mbar.edit add command -label Copy \
+	-accelerator $M1T-X
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Copy] \
 	-command {catch {tk_textCopy [focus]}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-C \
-	-font font_ui
-.mbar.edit add command -label Paste \
+	-accelerator $M1T-C
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Paste] \
 	-command {catch {tk_textPaste [focus]; [focus] see insert}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-V \
-	-font font_ui
-.mbar.edit add command -label Delete \
+	-accelerator $M1T-V
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc Delete] \
 	-command {catch {[focus] delete sel.first sel.last}} \
-	-accelerator Del \
-	-font font_ui
+	-accelerator Del
 .mbar.edit add separator
-.mbar.edit add command -label {Select All} \
+.mbar.edit add command -label [mc "Select All"] \
 	-command {catch {[focus] tag add sel 0.0 end}} \
-	-accelerator $M1T-A \
-	-font font_ui
+	-accelerator $M1T-A
 
 # -- Branch Menu
 #
 if {[is_enabled branch]} {
 	menu .mbar.branch
 
-	.mbar.branch add command -label {Create...} \
-		-command do_create_branch \
-		-accelerator $M1T-N \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.branch add command -label [mc "Create..."] \
+		-command branch_create::dialog \
+		-accelerator $M1T-N
+	lappend disable_on_lock [list .mbar.branch entryconf \
+		[.mbar.branch index last] -state]
+
+	.mbar.branch add command -label [mc "Checkout..."] \
+		-command branch_checkout::dialog \
+		-accelerator $M1T-O
+	lappend disable_on_lock [list .mbar.branch entryconf \
+		[.mbar.branch index last] -state]
+
+	.mbar.branch add command -label [mc "Rename..."] \
+		-command branch_rename::dialog
 	lappend disable_on_lock [list .mbar.branch entryconf \
 		[.mbar.branch index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.branch add command -label {Delete...} \
-		-command do_delete_branch \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.branch add command -label [mc "Delete..."] \
+		-command branch_delete::dialog
 	lappend disable_on_lock [list .mbar.branch entryconf \
 		[.mbar.branch index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.branch add command -label {Reset...} \
-		-command do_reset_hard \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.branch add command -label [mc "Reset..."] \
+		-command merge::reset_hard
 	lappend disable_on_lock [list .mbar.branch entryconf \
 		[.mbar.branch index last] -state]
 }
 
 # -- Commit Menu
 #
+proc commit_btn_caption {} {
+	if {[is_enabled nocommit]} {
+		return [mc "Done"]
+	} else {
+		return [mc Commit@@verb]
+	}
+}
+
 if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
 	menu .mbar.commit
 
-	.mbar.commit add radiobutton \
-		-label {New Commit} \
-		-command do_select_commit_type \
-		-variable selected_commit_type \
-		-value new \
-		-font font_ui
-	lappend disable_on_lock \
-		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
+	if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
+		.mbar.commit add radiobutton \
+			-label [mc "New Commit"] \
+			-command do_select_commit_type \
+			-variable selected_commit_type \
+			-value new
+		lappend disable_on_lock \
+			[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add radiobutton \
-		-label {Amend Last Commit} \
-		-command do_select_commit_type \
-		-variable selected_commit_type \
-		-value amend \
-		-font font_ui
-	lappend disable_on_lock \
-		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
+		.mbar.commit add radiobutton \
+			-label [mc "Amend Last Commit"] \
+			-command do_select_commit_type \
+			-variable selected_commit_type \
+			-value amend
+		lappend disable_on_lock \
+			[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add separator
+		.mbar.commit add separator
+	}
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label Rescan \
-		-command do_rescan \
-		-accelerator F5 \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc Rescan] \
+		-command ui_do_rescan \
+		-accelerator F5
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label {Add To Commit} \
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Stage To Commit"] \
 		-command do_add_selection \
-		-font font_ui
+		-accelerator $M1T-T
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label {Add Existing To Commit} \
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Stage Changed Files To Commit"] \
 		-command do_add_all \
-		-accelerator $M1T-I \
-		-font font_ui
+		-accelerator $M1T-I
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label {Unstage From Commit} \
-		-command do_unstage_selection \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Unstage From Commit"] \
+		-command do_unstage_selection
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label {Revert Changes} \
-		-command do_revert_selection \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Revert Changes"] \
+		-command do_revert_selection
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
 	.mbar.commit add separator
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label {Sign Off} \
-		-command do_signoff \
-		-accelerator $M1T-S \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Show Less Context"] \
+		-command show_less_context \
+		-accelerator $M1T-\-
+
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Show More Context"] \
+		-command show_more_context \
+		-accelerator $M1T-=
+
+	.mbar.commit add separator
+
+	if {![is_enabled nocommitmsg]} {
+		.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Sign Off"] \
+			-command do_signoff \
+			-accelerator $M1T-S
+	}
 
-	.mbar.commit add command -label Commit \
+	.mbar.commit add command -label [commit_btn_caption] \
 		-command do_commit \
-		-accelerator $M1T-Return \
-		-font font_ui
+		-accelerator $M1T-Return
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 }
@@ -5293,115 +2547,80 @@ if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
 #
 if {[is_enabled branch]} {
 	menu .mbar.merge
-	.mbar.merge add command -label {Local Merge...} \
-		-command do_local_merge \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.merge add command -label [mc "Local Merge..."] \
+		-command merge::dialog \
+		-accelerator $M1T-M
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.merge entryconf [.mbar.merge index last] -state]
-	.mbar.merge add command -label {Abort Merge...} \
-		-command do_reset_hard \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.merge add command -label [mc "Abort Merge..."] \
+		-command merge::reset_hard
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.merge entryconf [.mbar.merge index last] -state]
-
 }
 
 # -- Transport Menu
 #
 if {[is_enabled transport]} {
-	menu .mbar.fetch
-
-	menu .mbar.push
-	.mbar.push add command -label {Push...} \
+	menu .mbar.remote
+
+	.mbar.remote add command \
+		-label [mc "Add..."] \
+		-command remote_add::dialog \
+		-accelerator $M1T-A
+	.mbar.remote add command \
+		-label [mc "Push..."] \
 		-command do_push_anywhere \
-		-font font_ui
+		-accelerator $M1T-P
+	.mbar.remote add command \
+		-label [mc "Delete Branch..."] \
+		-command remote_branch_delete::dialog
 }
 
 if {[is_MacOSX]} {
-	# -- Apple Menu (Mac OS X only)
-	#
-	.mbar add cascade -label Apple -menu .mbar.apple
-	menu .mbar.apple
-
-	.mbar.apple add command -label "About [appname]" \
-		-command do_about \
-		-font font_ui
-	.mbar.apple add command -label "Options..." \
-		-command do_options \
-		-font font_ui
+	proc ::tk::mac::ShowPreferences {} {do_options}
 } else {
 	# -- Edit Menu
 	#
 	.mbar.edit add separator
-	.mbar.edit add command -label {Options...} \
-		-command do_options \
-		-font font_ui
+	.mbar.edit add command -label [mc "Options..."] \
+		-command do_options
+}
 
-	# -- Tools Menu
-	#
-	if {[file exists /usr/local/miga/lib/gui-miga]
-		&& [file exists .pvcsrc]} {
-	proc do_miga {} {
-		global ui_status_value
-		if {![lock_index update]} return
-		set cmd [list sh --login -c "/usr/local/miga/lib/gui-miga \"[pwd]\""]
-		set miga_fd [open "|$cmd" r]
-		fconfigure $miga_fd -blocking 0
-		fileevent $miga_fd readable [list miga_done $miga_fd]
-		set ui_status_value {Running miga...}
-	}
-	proc miga_done {fd} {
-		read $fd 512
-		if {[eof $fd]} {
-			close $fd
-			unlock_index
-			rescan [list set ui_status_value {Ready.}]
-		}
-	}
-	.mbar add cascade -label Tools -menu .mbar.tools
-	menu .mbar.tools
-	.mbar.tools add command -label "Migrate" \
-		-command do_miga \
-		-font font_ui
-	lappend disable_on_lock \
-		[list .mbar.tools entryconf [.mbar.tools index last] -state]
+# -- Tools Menu
+#
+if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
+	set tools_menubar .mbar.tools
+	menu $tools_menubar
+	$tools_menubar add separator
+	$tools_menubar add command -label [mc "Add..."] -command tools_add::dialog
+	$tools_menubar add command -label [mc "Remove..."] -command tools_remove::dialog
+	set tools_tailcnt 3
+	if {[array names repo_config guitool.*.cmd] ne {}} {
+		tools_populate_all
 	}
 }
 
 # -- Help Menu
 #
-.mbar add cascade -label Help -menu .mbar.help
+.mbar add cascade -label [mc Help] -menu .mbar.help
 menu .mbar.help
 
-if {![is_MacOSX]} {
-	.mbar.help add command -label "About [appname]" \
-		-command do_about \
-		-font font_ui
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	.mbar.apple add command -label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+		-command do_about
+	.mbar.apple add separator
+} else {
+	.mbar.help add command -label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+		-command do_about
 }
+. configure -menu .mbar
 
-set browser {}
-catch {set browser $repo_config(instaweb.browser)}
-set doc_path [file dirname [gitexec]]
-set doc_path [file join $doc_path Documentation index.html]
+set doc_path [githtmldir]
+if {$doc_path ne {}} {
+	set doc_path [file join $doc_path index.html]
 
-if {[is_Cygwin]} {
-	set doc_path [exec cygpath --mixed $doc_path]
-}
-
-if {$browser eq {}} {
-	if {[is_MacOSX]} {
-		set browser open
-	} elseif {[is_Cygwin]} {
-		set program_files [file dirname [exec cygpath --windir]]
-		set program_files [file join $program_files {Program Files}]
-		set firefox [file join $program_files {Mozilla Firefox} firefox.exe]
-		set ie [file join $program_files {Internet Explorer} IEXPLORE.EXE]
-		if {[file exists $firefox]} {
-			set browser $firefox
-		} elseif {[file exists $ie]} {
-			set browser $ie
-		}
-		unset program_files firefox ie
+	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+		set doc_path [exec cygpath --mixed $doc_path]
 	}
 }
 
@@ -5411,47 +2630,134 @@ if {[file isfile $doc_path]} {
 	set doc_url {http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/}
 }
 
-if {$browser ne {}} {
-	.mbar.help add command -label {Online Documentation} \
-		-command [list exec $browser $doc_url &] \
-		-font font_ui
+proc start_browser {url} {
+	git "web--browse" $url
 }
-unset browser doc_path doc_url
+
+.mbar.help add command -label [mc "Online Documentation"] \
+	-command [list start_browser $doc_url]
+
+.mbar.help add command -label [mc "Show SSH Key"] \
+	-command do_ssh_key
+
+unset doc_path doc_url
 
 # -- Standard bindings
 #
-bind .   <Destroy> do_quit
+wm protocol . WM_DELETE_WINDOW do_quit
 bind all <$M1B-Key-q> do_quit
 bind all <$M1B-Key-Q> do_quit
 bind all <$M1B-Key-w> {destroy [winfo toplevel %W]}
 bind all <$M1B-Key-W> {destroy [winfo toplevel %W]}
 
+set subcommand_args {}
+proc usage {} {
+	puts stderr "usage: $::argv0 $::subcommand $::subcommand_args"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+proc normalize_relpath {path} {
+	set elements {}
+	foreach item [file split $path] {
+		if {$item eq {.}} continue
+		if {$item eq {..} && [llength $elements] > 0
+		    && [lindex $elements end] ne {..}} {
+			set elements [lrange $elements 0 end-1]
+			continue
+		}
+		lappend elements $item
+	}
+	return [eval file join $elements]
+}
+
 # -- Not a normal commit type invocation?  Do that instead!
 #
 switch -- $subcommand {
-browser {
-	if {[llength $argv] != 1} {
-		puts stderr "usage: $argv0 browser commit"
-		exit 1
-	}
-	set current_branch [lindex $argv 0]
-	new_browser $current_branch
-	return
-}
+browser -
 blame {
-	if {[llength $argv] != 2} {
-		puts stderr "usage: $argv0 blame commit path"
-		exit 1
+	if {$subcommand eq "blame"} {
+		set subcommand_args {[--line=<num>] rev? path}
+	} else {
+		set subcommand_args {rev? path}
+	}
+	if {$argv eq {}} usage
+	set head {}
+	set path {}
+	set jump_spec {}
+	set is_path 0
+	foreach a $argv {
+		if {$is_path || [file exists $_prefix$a]} {
+			if {$path ne {}} usage
+			set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$a]
+			break
+		} elseif {$a eq {--}} {
+			if {$path ne {}} {
+				if {$head ne {}} usage
+				set head $path
+				set path {}
+			}
+			set is_path 1
+		} elseif {[regexp {^--line=(\d+)$} $a a lnum]} {
+			if {$jump_spec ne {} || $head ne {}} usage
+			set jump_spec [list $lnum]
+		} elseif {$head eq {}} {
+			if {$head ne {}} usage
+			set head $a
+			set is_path 1
+		} else {
+			usage
+		}
+	}
+	unset is_path
+
+	if {$head ne {} && $path eq {}} {
+		set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$head]
+		set head {}
+	}
+
+	if {$head eq {}} {
+		load_current_branch
+	} else {
+		if {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{1,39}$} $head]} {
+			if {[catch {
+					set head [git rev-parse --verify $head]
+				} err]} {
+				puts stderr $err
+				exit 1
+			}
+		}
+		set current_branch $head
+	}
+
+	switch -- $subcommand {
+	browser {
+		if {$jump_spec ne {}} usage
+		if {$head eq {}} {
+			if {$path ne {} && [file isdirectory $path]} {
+				set head $current_branch
+			} else {
+				set head $path
+				set path {}
+			}
+		}
+		browser::new $head $path
+	}
+	blame   {
+		if {$head eq {} && ![file exists $path]} {
+			puts stderr [mc "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory" $path]
+			exit 1
+		}
+		blame::new $head $path $jump_spec
+	}
 	}
-	set current_branch [lindex $argv 0]
-	show_blame $current_branch [lindex $argv 1]
 	return
 }
 citool -
 gui {
 	if {[llength $argv] != 0} {
 		puts -nonewline stderr "usage: $argv0"
-		if {$subcommand ne {gui} && [appname] ne "git-$subcommand"} {
+		if {$subcommand ne {gui}
+			&& [file tail $argv0] ne "git-$subcommand"} {
 			puts -nonewline stderr " $subcommand"
 		}
 		puts stderr {}
@@ -5471,36 +2777,33 @@ frame .branch \
 	-borderwidth 1 \
 	-relief sunken
 label .branch.l1 \
-	-text {Current Branch:} \
+	-text [mc "Current Branch:"] \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 label .branch.cb \
 	-textvariable current_branch \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 pack .branch.l1 -side left
 pack .branch.cb -side left -fill x
 pack .branch -side top -fill x
 
 # -- Main Window Layout
 #
-panedwindow .vpane -orient vertical
-panedwindow .vpane.files -orient horizontal
+panedwindow .vpane -orient horizontal
+panedwindow .vpane.files -orient vertical
 .vpane add .vpane.files -sticky nsew -height 100 -width 200
 pack .vpane -anchor n -side top -fill both -expand 1
 
 # -- Index File List
 #
 frame .vpane.files.index -height 100 -width 200
-label .vpane.files.index.title -text {Changes To Be Committed} \
-	-background green \
-	-font font_ui
-text $ui_index -background white -borderwidth 0 \
+label .vpane.files.index.title -text [mc "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"] \
+	-background lightgreen -foreground black
+text $ui_index -background white -foreground black \
+	-borderwidth 0 \
 	-width 20 -height 10 \
 	-wrap none \
-	-font font_ui \
 	-cursor $cursor_ptr \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.files.index.sx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.files.index.sy set} \
@@ -5511,18 +2814,16 @@ pack .vpane.files.index.title -side top -fill x
 pack .vpane.files.index.sx -side bottom -fill x
 pack .vpane.files.index.sy -side right -fill y
 pack $ui_index -side left -fill both -expand 1
-.vpane.files add .vpane.files.index -sticky nsew
 
 # -- Working Directory File List
 #
 frame .vpane.files.workdir -height 100 -width 200
-label .vpane.files.workdir.title -text {Changed But Not Updated} \
-	-background red \
-	-font font_ui
-text $ui_workdir -background white -borderwidth 0 \
+label .vpane.files.workdir.title -text [mc "Unstaged Changes"] \
+	-background lightsalmon -foreground black
+text $ui_workdir -background white -foreground black \
+	-borderwidth 0 \
 	-width 20 -height 10 \
 	-wrap none \
-	-font font_ui \
 	-cursor $cursor_ptr \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sy set} \
@@ -5533,13 +2834,13 @@ pack .vpane.files.workdir.title -side top -fill x
 pack .vpane.files.workdir.sx -side bottom -fill x
 pack .vpane.files.workdir.sy -side right -fill y
 pack $ui_workdir -side left -fill both -expand 1
+
 .vpane.files add .vpane.files.workdir -sticky nsew
+.vpane.files add .vpane.files.index -sticky nsew
 
 foreach i [list $ui_index $ui_workdir] {
-	$i tag conf in_diff -font font_uibold
-	$i tag conf in_sel \
-		-background [$i cget -foreground] \
-		-foreground [$i cget -background]
+	rmsel_tag $i
+	$i tag conf in_diff -background [$i tag cget in_sel -background]
 }
 unset i
 
@@ -5548,8 +2849,8 @@ unset i
 frame .vpane.lower -height 300 -width 400
 frame .vpane.lower.commarea
 frame .vpane.lower.diff -relief sunken -borderwidth 1
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea -side top -fill x
-pack .vpane.lower.diff -side bottom -fill both -expand 1
+pack .vpane.lower.diff -fill both -expand 1
+pack .vpane.lower.commarea -side bottom -fill x
 .vpane add .vpane.lower -sticky nsew
 
 # -- Commit Area Buttons
@@ -5557,86 +2858,94 @@ pack .vpane.lower.diff -side bottom -fill both -expand 1
 frame .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons
 label .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.l -text {} \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.l -side top -fill x
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons -side left -fill y
 
-button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.rescan -text {Rescan} \
-	-command do_rescan \
-	-font font_ui
+button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.rescan -text [mc Rescan] \
+	-command ui_do_rescan
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.rescan -side top -fill x
 lappend disable_on_lock \
 	{.vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.rescan conf -state}
 
-button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.incall -text {Add Existing} \
-	-command do_add_all \
-	-font font_ui
+button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.incall -text [mc "Stage Changed"] \
+	-command do_add_all
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.incall -side top -fill x
 lappend disable_on_lock \
 	{.vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.incall conf -state}
 
-button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.signoff -text {Sign Off} \
-	-command do_signoff \
-	-font font_ui
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.signoff -side top -fill x
+if {![is_enabled nocommitmsg]} {
+	button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.signoff -text [mc "Sign Off"] \
+		-command do_signoff
+	pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.signoff -side top -fill x
+}
 
-button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.commit -text {Commit} \
-	-command do_commit \
-	-font font_ui
+button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.commit -text [commit_btn_caption] \
+	-command do_commit
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.commit -side top -fill x
 lappend disable_on_lock \
 	{.vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.commit conf -state}
 
+if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
+	button .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.push -text [mc Push] \
+		-command do_push_anywhere
+	pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buttons.push -side top -fill x
+}
+
 # -- Commit Message Buffer
 #
 frame .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer
 frame .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header
 set ui_comm .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.t
 set ui_coml .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.l
-radiobutton .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new \
-	-text {New Commit} \
-	-command do_select_commit_type \
-	-variable selected_commit_type \
-	-value new \
-	-font font_ui
-lappend disable_on_lock \
-	[list .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new conf -state]
-radiobutton .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend \
-	-text {Amend Last Commit} \
-	-command do_select_commit_type \
-	-variable selected_commit_type \
-	-value amend \
-	-font font_ui
-lappend disable_on_lock \
-	[list .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend conf -state]
+
+if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
+	radiobutton .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new \
+		-text [mc "New Commit"] \
+		-command do_select_commit_type \
+		-variable selected_commit_type \
+		-value new
+	lappend disable_on_lock \
+		[list .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new conf -state]
+	radiobutton .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend \
+		-text [mc "Amend Last Commit"] \
+		-command do_select_commit_type \
+		-variable selected_commit_type \
+		-value amend
+	lappend disable_on_lock \
+		[list .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend conf -state]
+}
+
 label $ui_coml \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 proc trace_commit_type {varname args} {
 	global ui_coml commit_type
 	switch -glob -- $commit_type {
-	initial       {set txt {Initial Commit Message:}}
-	amend         {set txt {Amended Commit Message:}}
-	amend-initial {set txt {Amended Initial Commit Message:}}
-	amend-merge   {set txt {Amended Merge Commit Message:}}
-	merge         {set txt {Merge Commit Message:}}
-	*             {set txt {Commit Message:}}
+	initial       {set txt [mc "Initial Commit Message:"]}
+	amend         {set txt [mc "Amended Commit Message:"]}
+	amend-initial {set txt [mc "Amended Initial Commit Message:"]}
+	amend-merge   {set txt [mc "Amended Merge Commit Message:"]}
+	merge         {set txt [mc "Merge Commit Message:"]}
+	*             {set txt [mc "Commit Message:"]}
 	}
 	$ui_coml conf -text $txt
 }
 trace add variable commit_type write trace_commit_type
 pack $ui_coml -side left -fill x
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend -side right
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new -side right
 
-text $ui_comm -background white -borderwidth 1 \
+if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
+	pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.amend -side right
+	pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new -side right
+}
+
+text $ui_comm -background white -foreground black \
+	-borderwidth 1 \
 	-undo true \
 	-maxundo 20 \
 	-autoseparators true \
 	-relief sunken \
-	-width 75 -height 9 -wrap none \
+	-width $repo_config(gui.commitmsgwidth) -height 9 -wrap none \
 	-font font_diff \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.sby set}
 scrollbar .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.sby \
@@ -5651,29 +2960,23 @@ pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer -side left -fill y
 set ctxm .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.ctxm
 menu $ctxm -tearoff 0
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Cut} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc Cut] \
 	-command {tk_textCut $ui_comm}
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Copy} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc Copy] \
 	-command {tk_textCopy $ui_comm}
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Paste} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc Paste] \
 	-command {tk_textPaste $ui_comm}
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Delete} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {$ui_comm delete sel.first sel.last}
+	-label [mc Delete] \
+	-command {catch {$ui_comm delete sel.first sel.last}}
 $ctxm add separator
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Select All} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc "Select All"] \
 	-command {focus $ui_comm;$ui_comm tag add sel 0.0 end}
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Copy All} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc "Copy All"] \
 	-command {
 		$ui_comm tag add sel 0.0 end
 		tk_textCopy $ui_comm
@@ -5681,10 +2984,9 @@ $ctxm add command \
 	}
 $ctxm add separator
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Sign Off} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc "Sign Off"] \
 	-command do_signoff
-bind_button3 $ui_comm "tk_popup $ctxm %X %Y"
+set ui_comm_ctxm $ctxm
 
 # -- Diff Header
 #
@@ -5698,7 +3000,7 @@ proc trace_current_diff_path {varname args} {
 	} else {
 		set p $current_diff_path
 		set s [mapdesc [lindex $file_states($p) 0] $p]
-		set f {File:}
+		set f [mc "File:"]
 		set p [escape_path $p]
 		set o normal
 	}
@@ -5712,31 +3014,30 @@ proc trace_current_diff_path {varname args} {
 }
 trace add variable current_diff_path write trace_current_diff_path
 
-frame .vpane.lower.diff.header -background orange
+frame .vpane.lower.diff.header -background gold
 label .vpane.lower.diff.header.status \
-	-background orange \
+	-background gold \
+	-foreground black \
 	-width $max_status_desc \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 label .vpane.lower.diff.header.file \
-	-background orange \
+	-background gold \
+	-foreground black \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 label .vpane.lower.diff.header.path \
-	-background orange \
+	-background gold \
+	-foreground black \
 	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-font font_ui
+	-justify left
 pack .vpane.lower.diff.header.status -side left
 pack .vpane.lower.diff.header.file -side left
 pack .vpane.lower.diff.header.path -fill x
 set ctxm .vpane.lower.diff.header.ctxm
 menu $ctxm -tearoff 0
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Copy} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc Copy] \
 	-command {
 		clipboard clear
 		clipboard append \
@@ -5751,7 +3052,8 @@ bind_button3 .vpane.lower.diff.header.path "tk_popup $ctxm %X %Y"
 #
 frame .vpane.lower.diff.body
 set ui_diff .vpane.lower.diff.body.t
-text $ui_diff -background white -borderwidth 0 \
+text $ui_diff -background white -foreground black \
+	-borderwidth 0 \
 	-width 80 -height 15 -wrap none \
 	-font font_diff \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sbx set} \
@@ -5801,92 +3103,137 @@ $ui_diff tag raise sel
 
 # -- Diff Body Context Menu
 #
+
+proc create_common_diff_popup {ctxm} {
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Show Less Context"] \
+		-command show_less_context
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Show More Context"] \
+		-command show_more_context
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add separator
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc Refresh] \
+		-command reshow_diff
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc Copy] \
+		-command {tk_textCopy $ui_diff}
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Select All"] \
+		-command {focus $ui_diff;$ui_diff tag add sel 0.0 end}
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Copy All"] \
+		-command {
+			$ui_diff tag add sel 0.0 end
+			tk_textCopy $ui_diff
+			$ui_diff tag remove sel 0.0 end
+		}
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add separator
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Decrease Font Size"] \
+		-command {incr_font_size font_diff -1}
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Increase Font Size"] \
+		-command {incr_font_size font_diff 1}
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add separator
+	set emenu $ctxm.enc
+	menu $emenu
+	build_encoding_menu $emenu [list force_diff_encoding]
+	$ctxm add cascade \
+		-label [mc "Encoding"] \
+		-menu $emenu
+	lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	$ctxm add separator
+	$ctxm add command -label [mc "Options..."] \
+		-command do_options
+}
+
 set ctxm .vpane.lower.diff.body.ctxm
 menu $ctxm -tearoff 0
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Refresh} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command reshow_diff
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Copy} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {tk_textCopy $ui_diff}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Select All} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {focus $ui_diff;$ui_diff tag add sel 0.0 end}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Copy All} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {
-		$ui_diff tag add sel 0.0 end
-		tk_textCopy $ui_diff
-		$ui_diff tag remove sel 0.0 end
-	}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add separator
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Apply/Reverse Hunk} \
-	-font font_ui \
+	-label [mc "Apply/Reverse Hunk"] \
 	-command {apply_hunk $cursorX $cursorY}
 set ui_diff_applyhunk [$ctxm index last]
 lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf $ui_diff_applyhunk -state]
-$ctxm add separator
 $ctxm add command \
-	-label {Decrease Font Size} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {incr_font_size font_diff -1}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Increase Font Size} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {incr_font_size font_diff 1}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
+	-label [mc "Apply/Reverse Line"] \
+	-command {apply_line $cursorX $cursorY; do_rescan}
+set ui_diff_applyline [$ctxm index last]
+lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf $ui_diff_applyline -state]
 $ctxm add separator
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Show Less Context} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) >= 2} {
-		incr repo_config(gui.diffcontext) -1
-		reshow_diff
-	}}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add command \
-	-label {Show More Context} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command {
-		incr repo_config(gui.diffcontext)
-		reshow_diff
+create_common_diff_popup $ctxm
+
+set ctxmmg .vpane.lower.diff.body.ctxmmg
+menu $ctxmmg -tearoff 0
+$ctxmmg add command \
+	-label [mc "Run Merge Tool"] \
+	-command {merge_resolve_tool}
+lappend diff_actions [list $ctxmmg entryconf [$ctxmmg index last] -state]
+$ctxmmg add separator
+$ctxmmg add command \
+	-label [mc "Use Remote Version"] \
+	-command {merge_resolve_one 3}
+lappend diff_actions [list $ctxmmg entryconf [$ctxmmg index last] -state]
+$ctxmmg add command \
+	-label [mc "Use Local Version"] \
+	-command {merge_resolve_one 2}
+lappend diff_actions [list $ctxmmg entryconf [$ctxmmg index last] -state]
+$ctxmmg add command \
+	-label [mc "Revert To Base"] \
+	-command {merge_resolve_one 1}
+lappend diff_actions [list $ctxmmg entryconf [$ctxmmg index last] -state]
+$ctxmmg add separator
+create_common_diff_popup $ctxmmg
+
+proc popup_diff_menu {ctxm ctxmmg x y X Y} {
+	global current_diff_path file_states
+	set ::cursorX $x
+	set ::cursorY $y
+	if {[info exists file_states($current_diff_path)]} {
+		set state [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
+	} else {
+		set state {__}
 	}
-lappend diff_actions [list $ctxm entryconf [$ctxm index last] -state]
-$ctxm add separator
-$ctxm add command -label {Options...} \
-	-font font_ui \
-	-command do_options
-bind_button3 $ui_diff "
-	set cursorX %x
-	set cursorY %y
-	if {\$ui_index eq \$current_diff_side} {
-		$ctxm entryconf $ui_diff_applyhunk -label {Unstage Hunk From Commit}
+	if {[string first {U} $state] >= 0} {
+		tk_popup $ctxmmg $X $Y
 	} else {
-		$ctxm entryconf $ui_diff_applyhunk -label {Stage Hunk For Commit}
+		if {$::ui_index eq $::current_diff_side} {
+			set l [mc "Unstage Hunk From Commit"]
+			set t [mc "Unstage Line From Commit"]
+		} else {
+			set l [mc "Stage Hunk For Commit"]
+			set t [mc "Stage Line For Commit"]
+		}
+		if {$::is_3way_diff
+			|| $current_diff_path eq {}
+			|| {__} eq $state
+			|| {_O} eq $state
+			|| {_T} eq $state
+			|| {T_} eq $state} {
+			set s disabled
+		} else {
+			set s normal
+		}
+		$ctxm entryconf $::ui_diff_applyhunk -state $s -label $l
+		$ctxm entryconf $::ui_diff_applyline -state $s -label $t
+		tk_popup $ctxm $X $Y
 	}
-	tk_popup $ctxm %X %Y
-"
-unset ui_diff_applyhunk
+}
+bind_button3 $ui_diff [list popup_diff_menu $ctxm $ctxmmg %x %y %X %Y]
 
 # -- Status Bar
 #
-label .status -textvariable ui_status_value \
-	-anchor w \
-	-justify left \
-	-borderwidth 1 \
-	-relief sunken \
-	-font font_ui
+set main_status [::status_bar::new .status]
 pack .status -anchor w -side bottom -fill x
+$main_status show [mc "Initializing..."]
 
 # -- Load geometry
 #
@@ -5894,17 +3241,19 @@ catch {
 set gm $repo_config(gui.geometry)
 wm geometry . [lindex $gm 0]
 .vpane sash place 0 \
-	[lindex [.vpane sash coord 0] 0] \
-	[lindex $gm 1]
+	[lindex $gm 1] \
+	[lindex [.vpane sash coord 0] 1]
 .vpane.files sash place 0 \
-	[lindex $gm 2] \
-	[lindex [.vpane.files sash coord 0] 1]
+	[lindex [.vpane.files sash coord 0] 0] \
+	[lindex $gm 2]
 unset gm
 }
 
 # -- Key Bindings
 #
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-Return> {do_commit;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-t> {do_add_selection;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-T> {do_add_selection;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-i> {do_add_all;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-I> {do_add_all;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-x> {tk_textCut %W;break}
@@ -5915,6 +3264,11 @@ bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-v> {tk_textPaste %W; %W see insert; break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-V> {tk_textPaste %W; %W see insert; break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-a> {%W tag add sel 0.0 end;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-A> {%W tag add sel 0.0 end;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-minus> {show_less_context;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-KP_Subtract> {show_less_context;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-equal> {show_more_context;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-plus> {show_more_context;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-KP_Add> {show_more_context;break}
 
 bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-x> {tk_textCopy %W;break}
 bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-X> {tk_textCopy %W;break}
@@ -5928,20 +3282,41 @@ bind $ui_diff <Key-Up>     {catch {%W yview scroll -1 units};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Down>   {catch {%W yview scroll  1 units};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Left>   {catch {%W xview scroll -1 units};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Right>  {catch {%W xview scroll  1 units};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Key-k>         {catch {%W yview scroll -1 units};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Key-j>         {catch {%W yview scroll  1 units};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Key-h>         {catch {%W xview scroll -1 units};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Key-l>         {catch {%W xview scroll  1 units};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Control-Key-b> {catch {%W yview scroll -1 pages};break}
+bind $ui_diff <Control-Key-f> {catch {%W yview scroll  1 pages};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Button-1>   {focus %W}
 
 if {[is_enabled branch]} {
-	bind . <$M1B-Key-n> do_create_branch
-	bind . <$M1B-Key-N> do_create_branch
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-n> branch_create::dialog
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-N> branch_create::dialog
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-o> branch_checkout::dialog
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-O> branch_checkout::dialog
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-m> merge::dialog
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-M> merge::dialog
+}
+if {[is_enabled transport]} {
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-p> do_push_anywhere
+	bind . <$M1B-Key-P> do_push_anywhere
 }
 
-bind all <Key-F5> do_rescan
-bind all <$M1B-Key-r> do_rescan
-bind all <$M1B-Key-R> do_rescan
+bind .   <Key-F5>     ui_do_rescan
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-r> ui_do_rescan
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-R> ui_do_rescan
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-s> do_signoff
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-S> do_signoff
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-t> do_add_selection
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-T> do_add_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-i> do_add_all
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-I> do_add_all
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-minus> {show_less_context;break}
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-KP_Subtract> {show_less_context;break}
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-equal> {show_more_context;break}
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-plus> {show_more_context;break}
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-KP_Add> {show_more_context;break}
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-Return> do_commit
 foreach i [list $ui_index $ui_workdir] {
 	bind $i <Button-1>       "toggle_or_diff         $i %x %y; break"
@@ -5953,7 +3328,7 @@ unset i
 set file_lists($ui_index) [list]
 set file_lists($ui_workdir) [list]
 
-wm title . "[appname] ([file normalize [file dirname [gitdir]]])"
+wm title . "[appname] ([reponame]) [file normalize [file dirname [gitdir]]]"
 focus -force $ui_comm
 
 # -- Warn the user about environmental problems.  Cygwin's Tcl
@@ -5963,13 +3338,13 @@ focus -force $ui_comm
 if {[is_Cygwin]} {
 	set ignored_env 0
 	set suggest_user {}
-	set msg "Possible environment issues exist.
+	set msg [mc "Possible environment issues exist.
 
 The following environment variables are probably
 going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run
-by [appname]:
+by %s:
 
-"
+" [appname]]
 	foreach name [array names env] {
 		switch -regexp -- $name {
 		{^GIT_INDEX_FILE$} -
@@ -5980,7 +3355,6 @@ by [appname]:
 		{^GIT_PAGER$} -
 		{^GIT_TRACE$} -
 		{^GIT_CONFIG$} -
-		{^GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL$} -
 		{^GIT_(AUTHOR|COMMITTER)_DATE$} {
 			append msg " - $name\n"
 			incr ignored_env
@@ -5993,18 +3367,18 @@ by [appname]:
 		}
 	}
 	if {$ignored_env > 0} {
-		append msg "
+		append msg [mc "
 This is due to a known issue with the
-Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."]
 
 		if {$suggest_user ne {}} {
-			append msg "
+			append msg [mc "
 
-A good replacement for $suggest_user
+A good replacement for %s
 is placing values for the user.name and
 user.email settings into your personal
 ~/.gitconfig file.
-"
+" $suggest_user]
 		}
 		warn_popup $msg
 	}
@@ -6015,33 +3389,115 @@ user.email settings into your personal
 #
 if {[is_enabled transport]} {
 	load_all_remotes
-	load_all_heads
 
-	populate_branch_menu
-	populate_fetch_menu
-	populate_push_menu
+	set n [.mbar.remote index end]
+	populate_remotes_menu
+	set n [expr {[.mbar.remote index end] - $n}]
+	if {$n > 0} {
+		if {[.mbar.remote type 0] eq "tearoff"} { incr n }
+		.mbar.remote insert $n separator
+	}
+	unset n
 }
 
-# -- Only suggest a gc run if we are going to stay running.
-#
-if {[is_enabled multicommit]} {
-	set object_limit 2000
-	if {[is_Windows]} {set object_limit 200}
-	regexp {^([0-9]+) objects,} [git count-objects] _junk objects_current
-	if {$objects_current >= $object_limit} {
-		if {[ask_popup \
-			"This repository currently has $objects_current loose objects.
-
-To maintain optimal performance it is strongly
-recommended that you compress the database
-when more than $object_limit loose objects exist.
-
-Compress the database now?"] eq yes} {
-			do_gc
+if {[winfo exists $ui_comm]} {
+	set GITGUI_BCK_exists [load_message GITGUI_BCK]
+
+	# -- If both our backup and message files exist use the
+	#    newer of the two files to initialize the buffer.
+	#
+	if {$GITGUI_BCK_exists} {
+		set m [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]
+		if {[file isfile $m]} {
+			if {[file mtime [gitdir GITGUI_BCK]] > [file mtime $m]} {
+				catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
+			} else {
+				$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+				$ui_comm edit reset
+				$ui_comm edit modified false
+				catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_BCK]}
+				set GITGUI_BCK_exists 0
+			}
 		}
+		unset m
 	}
-	unset object_limit _junk objects_current
+
+	proc backup_commit_buffer {} {
+		global ui_comm GITGUI_BCK_exists
+
+		set m [$ui_comm edit modified]
+		if {$m || $GITGUI_BCK_exists} {
+			set msg [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]]
+			regsub -all -line {[ \r\t]+$} $msg {} msg
+
+			if {$msg eq {}} {
+				if {$GITGUI_BCK_exists} {
+					catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_BCK]}
+					set GITGUI_BCK_exists 0
+				}
+			} elseif {$m} {
+				catch {
+					set fd [open [gitdir GITGUI_BCK] w]
+					puts -nonewline $fd $msg
+					close $fd
+					set GITGUI_BCK_exists 1
+				}
+			}
+
+			$ui_comm edit modified false
+		}
+
+		set ::GITGUI_BCK_i [after 2000 backup_commit_buffer]
+	}
+
+	backup_commit_buffer
+
+	# -- If the user has aspell available we can drive it
+	#    in pipe mode to spellcheck the commit message.
+	#
+	set spell_cmd [list |]
+	set spell_dict [get_config gui.spellingdictionary]
+	lappend spell_cmd aspell
+	if {$spell_dict ne {}} {
+		lappend spell_cmd --master=$spell_dict
+	}
+	lappend spell_cmd --mode=none
+	lappend spell_cmd --encoding=utf-8
+	lappend spell_cmd pipe
+	if {$spell_dict eq {none}
+	 || [catch {set spell_fd [open $spell_cmd r+]} spell_err]} {
+		bind_button3 $ui_comm [list tk_popup $ui_comm_ctxm %X %Y]
+	} else {
+		set ui_comm_spell [spellcheck::init \
+			$spell_fd \
+			$ui_comm \
+			$ui_comm_ctxm \
+		]
+	}
+	unset -nocomplain spell_cmd spell_fd spell_err spell_dict
 }
 
 lock_index begin-read
-after 1 do_rescan
+if {![winfo ismapped .]} {
+	wm deiconify .
+}
+after 1 {
+	if {[is_enabled initialamend]} {
+		force_amend
+	} else {
+		do_rescan
+	}
+
+	if {[is_enabled nocommitmsg]} {
+		$ui_comm configure -state disabled -background gray
+	}
+}
+if {[is_enabled multicommit]} {
+	after 1000 hint_gc
+}
+if {[is_enabled retcode]} {
+	bind . <Destroy> {+terminate_me %W}
+}
+if {$picked && [is_config_true gui.autoexplore]} {
+	do_explore
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/about.tcl b/git-gui/lib/about.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..241ab892cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/about.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# git-gui about git-gui dialog
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc do_about {} {
+	global appvers copyright oguilib
+	global tcl_patchLevel tk_patchLevel
+	global ui_comm_spell
+
+	set w .about_dialog
+	toplevel $w
+	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+
+	pack [git_logo $w.git_logo] -side left -fill y -padx 10 -pady 10
+	label $w.header -text [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+		-font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.close -text {Close} \
+		-default active \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.close -side right
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	label $w.desc \
+		-text "[mc "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."]\n$copyright" \
+		-padx 5 -pady 5 \
+		-justify left \
+		-anchor w \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief solid
+	pack $w.desc -side top -fill x -padx 5 -pady 5
+
+	set v {}
+	append v "git-gui version $appvers\n"
+	append v "[git version]\n"
+	append v "\n"
+	if {$tcl_patchLevel eq $tk_patchLevel} {
+		append v "Tcl/Tk version $tcl_patchLevel"
+	} else {
+		append v "Tcl version $tcl_patchLevel"
+		append v ", Tk version $tk_patchLevel"
+	}
+	if {[info exists ui_comm_spell]
+		&& [$ui_comm_spell version] ne {}} {
+		append v "\n"
+		append v [$ui_comm_spell version]
+	}
+
+	set d {}
+	append d "git wrapper: $::_git\n"
+	append d "git exec dir: [gitexec]\n"
+	append d "git-gui lib: $oguilib"
+
+	label $w.vers \
+		-text $v \
+		-padx 5 -pady 5 \
+		-justify left \
+		-anchor w \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief solid
+	pack $w.vers -side top -fill x -padx 5 -pady 5
+
+	label $w.dirs \
+		-text $d \
+		-padx 5 -pady 5 \
+		-justify left \
+		-anchor w \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief solid
+	pack $w.dirs -side top -fill x -padx 5 -pady 5
+
+	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label {Copy} \
+		-command "
+		clipboard clear
+		clipboard append -format STRING -type STRING -- \[$w.vers cget -text\]
+	"
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.close"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+	bind_button3 $w.vers "tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y; grab $w; focus $w"
+	wm title $w "About [appname]"
+	tkwait window $w
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f3b08f9ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,1301 @@
+# git-gui blame viewer
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class blame {
+
+image create photo ::blame::img_back_arrow -data {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}
+
+# Persistant data (survives loads)
+#
+field history {}; # viewer history: {commit path}
+field header    ; # array commit,key -> header field
+
+# Tk UI control paths
+#
+field w          ; # top window in this viewer
+field w_back     ; # our back button
+field w_path     ; # label showing the current file path
+field w_columns  ; # list of all column widgets in the viewer
+field w_line     ; # text column: all line numbers
+field w_amov     ; # text column: annotations + move tracking
+field w_asim     ; # text column: annotations (simple computation)
+field w_file     ; # text column: actual file data
+field w_cviewer  ; # pane showing commit message
+field finder     ; # find mini-dialog frame
+field status     ; # status mega-widget instance
+field old_height ; # last known height of $w.file_pane
+
+
+# Tk UI colors
+#
+variable active_color #c0edc5
+variable group_colors {
+	#d6d6d6
+	#e1e1e1
+	#ececec
+}
+
+# Current blame data; cleared/reset on each load
+#
+field commit               ; # input commit to blame
+field path                 ; # input filename to view in $commit
+
+field current_fd        {} ; # background process running
+field highlight_line    -1 ; # current line selected
+field highlight_column  {} ; # current commit column selected
+field highlight_commit  {} ; # sha1 of commit selected
+
+field total_lines       0  ; # total length of file
+field blame_lines       0  ; # number of lines computed
+field amov_data            ; # list of {commit origfile origline}
+field asim_data            ; # list of {commit origfile origline}
+
+field r_commit             ; # commit currently being parsed
+field r_orig_line          ; # original line number
+field r_final_line         ; # final line number
+field r_line_count         ; # lines in this region
+
+field tooltip_wm        {} ; # Current tooltip toplevel, if open
+field tooltip_t         {} ; # Text widget in $tooltip_wm
+field tooltip_timer     {} ; # Current timer event for our tooltip
+field tooltip_commit    {} ; # Commit(s) in tooltip
+
+constructor new {i_commit i_path i_jump} {
+	global cursor_ptr M1B M1T have_tk85
+	variable active_color
+	variable group_colors
+
+	set commit $i_commit
+	set path   $i_path
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "File Viewer"]]
+
+	set font_w [font measure font_diff "0"]
+
+	frame $w.header -background gold
+	label $w.header.commit_l \
+		-text [mc "Commit:"] \
+		-background gold \
+		-foreground black \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	set w_back $w.header.commit_b
+	label $w_back \
+		-image ::blame::img_back_arrow \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-relief flat \
+		-state disabled \
+		-background gold \
+		-foreground black \
+		-activebackground gold
+	bind $w_back <Button-1> "
+		if {\[$w_back cget -state\] eq {normal}} {
+			[cb _history_menu]
+		}
+		"
+	label $w.header.commit \
+		-textvariable @commit \
+		-background gold \
+		-foreground black \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	label $w.header.path_l \
+		-text [mc "File:"] \
+		-background gold \
+		-foreground black \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	set w_path $w.header.path
+	label $w_path \
+		-background gold \
+		-foreground black \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	pack $w.header.commit_l -side left
+	pack $w_back -side left
+	pack $w.header.commit -side left
+	pack $w_path -fill x -side right
+	pack $w.header.path_l -side right
+
+	panedwindow $w.file_pane -orient vertical -borderwidth 0 -sashwidth 3
+	frame $w.file_pane.out -relief flat -borderwidth 1
+	frame $w.file_pane.cm -relief sunken -borderwidth 1
+	$w.file_pane add $w.file_pane.out \
+		-sticky nsew \
+		-minsize 100 \
+		-height 100 \
+		-width 100
+	$w.file_pane add $w.file_pane.cm \
+		-sticky nsew \
+		-minsize 25 \
+		-height 25 \
+		-width 100
+
+	set w_line $w.file_pane.out.linenumber_t
+	text $w_line \
+		-takefocus 0 \
+		-highlightthickness 0 \
+		-padx 0 -pady 0 \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 40 \
+		-width 6 \
+		-font font_diff
+	$w_line tag conf linenumber -justify right -rmargin 5
+
+	set w_amov $w.file_pane.out.amove_t
+	text $w_amov \
+		-takefocus 0 \
+		-highlightthickness 0 \
+		-padx 0 -pady 0 \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 40 \
+		-width 5 \
+		-font font_diff
+	$w_amov tag conf author_abbr -justify right -rmargin 5
+	$w_amov tag conf curr_commit
+	$w_amov tag conf prior_commit -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$w_amov tag bind prior_commit \
+		<Button-1> \
+		"[cb _load_commit $w_amov @amov_data @%x,%y];break"
+
+	set w_asim $w.file_pane.out.asimple_t
+	text $w_asim \
+		-takefocus 0 \
+		-highlightthickness 0 \
+		-padx 0 -pady 0 \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 40 \
+		-width 4 \
+		-font font_diff
+	$w_asim tag conf author_abbr -justify right
+	$w_asim tag conf curr_commit
+	$w_asim tag conf prior_commit -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$w_asim tag bind prior_commit \
+		<Button-1> \
+		"[cb _load_commit $w_asim @asim_data @%x,%y];break"
+
+	set w_file $w.file_pane.out.file_t
+	text $w_file \
+		-takefocus 0 \
+		-highlightthickness 0 \
+		-padx 0 -pady 0 \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 40 \
+		-width 80 \
+		-xscrollcommand [list $w.file_pane.out.sbx set] \
+		-font font_diff
+	if {$have_tk85} {
+		$w_file configure -inactiveselectbackground darkblue
+	}
+	$w_file tag conf found \
+		-background yellow
+
+	set w_columns [list $w_amov $w_asim $w_line $w_file]
+
+	scrollbar $w.file_pane.out.sbx \
+		-orient h \
+		-command [list $w_file xview]
+	scrollbar $w.file_pane.out.sby \
+		-orient v \
+		-command [list scrollbar2many $w_columns yview]
+	eval grid $w_columns $w.file_pane.out.sby -sticky nsew
+	grid conf \
+		$w.file_pane.out.sbx \
+		-column [expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		-sticky we
+	grid columnconfigure \
+		$w.file_pane.out \
+		[expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		-weight 1
+	grid rowconfigure $w.file_pane.out 0 -weight 1
+
+	set finder [::searchbar::new \
+		$w.file_pane.out.ff $w_file \
+		-column [expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		]
+
+	set w_cviewer $w.file_pane.cm.t
+	text $w_cviewer \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 10 \
+		-width 80 \
+		-xscrollcommand [list $w.file_pane.cm.sbx set] \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.file_pane.cm.sby set] \
+		-font font_diff
+	$w_cviewer tag conf still_loading \
+		-font font_uiitalic \
+		-justify center
+	$w_cviewer tag conf header_key \
+		-tabs {3c} \
+		-background $active_color \
+		-font font_uibold
+	$w_cviewer tag conf header_val \
+		-background $active_color \
+		-font font_ui
+	$w_cviewer tag raise sel
+	scrollbar $w.file_pane.cm.sbx \
+		-orient h \
+		-command [list $w_cviewer xview]
+	scrollbar $w.file_pane.cm.sby \
+		-orient v \
+		-command [list $w_cviewer yview]
+	pack $w.file_pane.cm.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.file_pane.cm.sbx -side bottom -fill x
+	pack $w_cviewer -expand 1 -fill both
+
+	set status [::status_bar::new $w.status]
+
+	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Copy Commit"] \
+		-command [cb _copycommit]
+	$w.ctxm add separator
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Find Text..."] \
+		-accelerator F7 \
+		-command [list searchbar::show $finder]
+	menu $w.ctxm.enc
+	build_encoding_menu $w.ctxm.enc [cb _setencoding]
+	$w.ctxm add cascade \
+		-label [mc "Encoding"] \
+		-menu $w.ctxm.enc
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Do Full Copy Detection"] \
+		-command [cb _fullcopyblame]
+	$w.ctxm add separator
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Show History Context"] \
+		-command [cb _gitkcommit]
+	$w.ctxm add command \
+		-label [mc "Blame Parent Commit"] \
+		-command [cb _blameparent]
+
+	foreach i $w_columns {
+		for {set g 0} {$g < [llength $group_colors]} {incr g} {
+			$i tag conf color$g -background [lindex $group_colors $g]
+		}
+
+		if {$i eq $w_file} {
+			$w_file tag raise found
+		}
+		$i tag raise sel
+
+		$i conf -cursor $cursor_ptr
+		$i conf -yscrollcommand \
+			"[list ::searchbar::scrolled $finder]
+			 [list many2scrollbar $w_columns yview $w.file_pane.out.sby]"
+		bind $i <Button-1> "
+			[cb _hide_tooltip]
+			[cb _click $i @%x,%y]
+			focus $i
+		"
+		bind $i <Any-Motion>  [cb _show_tooltip $i @%x,%y]
+		bind $i <Any-Enter>   [cb _hide_tooltip]
+		bind $i <Any-Leave>   [cb _hide_tooltip]
+		bind_button3 $i "
+			[cb _hide_tooltip]
+			set cursorX %x
+			set cursorY %y
+			set cursorW %W
+			tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y
+		"
+		bind $i <Shift-Tab> "[list focus $w_cviewer];break"
+		bind $i <Tab>       "[cb _focus_search $w_cviewer];break"
+	}
+
+	foreach i [concat $w_columns $w_cviewer] {
+		bind $i <Key-Up>        {catch {%W yview scroll -1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-Down>      {catch {%W yview scroll  1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-Left>      {catch {%W xview scroll -1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-Right>     {catch {%W xview scroll  1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-k>         {catch {%W yview scroll -1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-j>         {catch {%W yview scroll  1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-h>         {catch {%W xview scroll -1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Key-l>         {catch {%W xview scroll  1 units};break}
+		bind $i <Control-Key-b> {catch {%W yview scroll -1 pages};break}
+		bind $i <Control-Key-f> {catch {%W yview scroll  1 pages};break}
+	}
+
+	bind $w_cviewer <Shift-Tab> "[cb _focus_search $w_file];break"
+	bind $w_cviewer <Tab>       "[list focus $w_file];break"
+	bind $w_cviewer <Button-1>   [list focus $w_cviewer]
+	bind $w_file    <Visibility> [cb _focus_search $w_file]
+	bind $top       <F7>         [list searchbar::show $finder]
+	bind $top       <Escape>     [list searchbar::hide $finder]
+	bind $top       <F3>         [list searchbar::find_next $finder]
+	bind $top       <Shift-F3>   [list searchbar::find_prev $finder]
+	catch { bind $top <Shift-Key-XF86_Switch_VT_3> [list searchbar::find_prev $finder] }
+
+	grid configure $w.header -sticky ew
+	grid configure $w.file_pane -sticky nsew
+	grid configure $w.status -sticky ew
+	grid columnconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
+	grid rowconfigure $top 0 -weight 0
+	grid rowconfigure $top 1 -weight 1
+	grid rowconfigure $top 2 -weight 0
+
+	set req_w [winfo reqwidth  $top]
+	set req_h [winfo reqheight $top]
+	set scr_w [expr {[winfo screenwidth $top] - 40}]
+	set scr_h [expr {[winfo screenheight $top] - 120}]
+	set opt_w [expr {$font_w * (80 + 5*3 + 3)}]
+	if {$req_w < $opt_w} {set req_w $opt_w}
+	if {$req_w > $scr_w} {set req_w $scr_w}
+	set opt_h [expr {$req_w*4/3}]
+	if {$req_h < $scr_h} {set req_h $scr_h}
+	if {$req_h > $opt_h} {set req_h $opt_h}
+	set g "${req_w}x${req_h}"
+	wm geometry $top $g
+	update
+
+	set old_height [winfo height $w.file_pane]
+	$w.file_pane sash place 0 \
+		[lindex [$w.file_pane sash coord 0] 0] \
+		[expr {int($old_height * 0.80)}]
+	bind $w.file_pane <Configure> \
+	"if {{$w.file_pane} eq {%W}} {[cb _resize %h]}"
+
+	wm protocol $top WM_DELETE_WINDOW "destroy $top"
+	bind $top <Destroy> [cb _handle_destroy %W]
+
+	_load $this $i_jump
+}
+
+method _focus_search {win} {
+	if {[searchbar::visible $finder]} {
+		focus [searchbar::editor $finder]
+	} else {
+		focus $win
+	}
+}
+
+method _handle_destroy {win} {
+	if {$win eq $w} {
+		_kill $this
+		delete_this
+	}
+}
+
+method _kill {} {
+	if {$current_fd ne {}} {
+		kill_file_process $current_fd
+		catch {close $current_fd}
+		set current_fd {}
+	}
+}
+
+method _load {jump} {
+	variable group_colors
+
+	_hide_tooltip $this
+
+	if {$total_lines != 0 || $current_fd ne {}} {
+		_kill $this
+
+		foreach i $w_columns {
+			$i conf -state normal
+			$i delete 0.0 end
+			foreach g [$i tag names] {
+				if {[regexp {^g[0-9a-f]{40}$} $g]} {
+					$i tag delete $g
+				}
+			}
+			$i conf -state disabled
+		}
+
+		$w_cviewer conf -state normal
+		$w_cviewer delete 0.0 end
+		$w_cviewer conf -state disabled
+
+		set highlight_line -1
+		set highlight_column {}
+		set highlight_commit {}
+		set total_lines 0
+	}
+
+	if {$history eq {}} {
+		$w_back conf -state disabled
+	} else {
+		$w_back conf -state normal
+	}
+
+	# Index 0 is always empty.  There is never line 0 as
+	# we use only 1 based lines, as that matches both with
+	# git-blame output and with Tk's text widget.
+	#
+	set amov_data [list [list]]
+	set asim_data [list [list]]
+
+	$status show [mc "Reading %s..." "$commit:[escape_path $path]"]
+	$w_path conf -text [escape_path $path]
+	if {$commit eq {}} {
+		set fd [open $path r]
+		fconfigure $fd -eofchar {}
+	} else {
+		set fd [git_read cat-file blob "$commit:$path"]
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd \
+		-blocking 0 \
+		-translation lf \
+		-encoding [get_path_encoding $path]
+	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read_file $fd $jump]
+	set current_fd $fd
+}
+
+method _history_menu {} {
+	set m $w.backmenu
+	if {[winfo exists $m]} {
+		$m delete 0 end
+	} else {
+		menu $m -tearoff 0
+	}
+
+	for {set i [expr {[llength $history] - 1}]
+		} {$i >= 0} {incr i -1} {
+		set e [lindex $history $i]
+		set c [lindex $e 0]
+		set f [lindex $e 1]
+
+		if {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{40}$} $c]} {
+			set t [string range $c 0 8]...
+		} elseif {$c eq {}} {
+			set t {Working Directory}
+		} else {
+			set t $c
+		}
+		if {![catch {set summary $header($c,summary)}]} {
+			append t " $summary"
+			if {[string length $t] > 70} {
+				set t [string range $t 0 66]...
+			}
+		}
+
+		$m add command -label $t -command [cb _goback $i]
+	}
+	set X [winfo rootx $w_back]
+	set Y [expr {[winfo rooty $w_back] + [winfo height $w_back]}]
+	tk_popup $m $X $Y
+}
+
+method _goback {i} {
+	set dat [lindex $history $i]
+	set history [lrange $history 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
+	set commit [lindex $dat 0]
+	set path [lindex $dat 1]
+	_load $this [lrange $dat 2 5]
+}
+
+method _read_file {fd jump} {
+	if {$fd ne $current_fd} {
+		catch {close $fd}
+		return
+	}
+
+	foreach i $w_columns {$i conf -state normal}
+	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+		regsub "\r\$" $line {} line
+		incr total_lines
+		lappend amov_data {}
+		lappend asim_data {}
+
+		if {$total_lines > 1} {
+			foreach i $w_columns {$i insert end "\n"}
+		}
+
+		$w_line insert end "$total_lines" linenumber
+		$w_file insert end "$line"
+	}
+
+	set ln_wc [expr {[string length $total_lines] + 2}]
+	if {[$w_line cget -width] < $ln_wc} {
+		$w_line conf -width $ln_wc
+	}
+
+	foreach i $w_columns {$i conf -state disabled}
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+
+		# If we don't force Tk to update the widgets *right now*
+		# none of our jump commands will cause a change in the UI.
+		#
+		update
+
+		if {[llength $jump] == 1} {
+			set highlight_line [lindex $jump 0]
+			$w_file see "$highlight_line.0"
+		} elseif {[llength $jump] == 4} {
+			set highlight_column [lindex $jump 0]
+			set highlight_line [lindex $jump 1]
+			$w_file xview moveto [lindex $jump 2]
+			$w_file yview moveto [lindex $jump 3]
+		}
+
+		_exec_blame $this $w_asim @asim_data \
+			[list] \
+			[mc "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."]
+	}
+} ifdeleted { catch {close $fd} }
+
+method _exec_blame {cur_w cur_d options cur_s} {
+	lappend options --incremental --encoding=utf-8
+	if {$commit eq {}} {
+		lappend options --contents $path
+	} else {
+		lappend options $commit
+	}
+	lappend options -- $path
+	set fd [eval git_read --nice blame $options]
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -encoding utf-8
+	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read_blame $fd $cur_w $cur_d]
+	set current_fd $fd
+	set blame_lines 0
+
+	$status start \
+		$cur_s \
+		[mc "lines annotated"]
+}
+
+method _read_blame {fd cur_w cur_d} {
+	upvar #0 $cur_d line_data
+	variable group_colors
+
+	if {$fd ne $current_fd} {
+		catch {close $fd}
+		return
+	}
+
+	$cur_w conf -state normal
+	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+		if {[regexp {^([a-z0-9]{40}) (\d+) (\d+) (\d+)$} $line line \
+			cmit original_line final_line line_count]} {
+			set r_commit     $cmit
+			set r_orig_line  $original_line
+			set r_final_line $final_line
+			set r_line_count $line_count
+		} elseif {[string match {filename *} $line]} {
+			set file [string range $line 9 end]
+			set n    $r_line_count
+			set lno  $r_final_line
+			set oln  $r_orig_line
+			set cmit $r_commit
+
+			if {[regexp {^0{40}$} $cmit]} {
+				set commit_abbr work
+				set commit_type curr_commit
+			} elseif {$cmit eq $commit} {
+				set commit_abbr this
+				set commit_type curr_commit
+			} else {
+				set commit_type prior_commit
+				set commit_abbr [string range $cmit 0 3]
+			}
+
+			set author_abbr {}
+			set a_name {}
+			catch {set a_name $header($cmit,author)}
+			while {$a_name ne {}} {
+				if {$author_abbr ne {}
+					&& [string index $a_name 0] eq {'}} {
+					regsub {^'[^']+'\s+} $a_name {} a_name
+				}
+				if {![regexp {^([[:upper:]])} $a_name _a]} break
+				append author_abbr $_a
+				unset _a
+				if {![regsub \
+					{^[[:upper:]][^\s]*\s+} \
+					$a_name {} a_name ]} break
+			}
+			if {$author_abbr eq {}} {
+				set author_abbr { |}
+			} else {
+				set author_abbr [string range $author_abbr 0 3]
+			}
+			unset a_name
+
+			set first_lno $lno
+			while {
+			   $first_lno > 1
+			&& $cmit eq [lindex $line_data [expr {$first_lno - 1}] 0]
+			&& $file eq [lindex $line_data [expr {$first_lno - 1}] 1]
+			} {
+				incr first_lno -1
+			}
+
+			set color {}
+			if {$first_lno < $lno} {
+				foreach g [$w_file tag names $first_lno.0] {
+					if {[regexp {^color[0-9]+$} $g]} {
+						set color $g
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				set i [lsort [concat \
+					[$w_file tag names "[expr {$first_lno - 1}].0"] \
+					[$w_file tag names "[expr {$lno + $n}].0"] \
+					]]
+				for {set g 0} {$g < [llength $group_colors]} {incr g} {
+					if {[lsearch -sorted -exact $i color$g] == -1} {
+						set color color$g
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			if {$color eq {}} {
+				set color color0
+			}
+
+			while {$n > 0} {
+				set lno_e "$lno.0 lineend + 1c"
+				if {[lindex $line_data $lno] ne {}} {
+					set g [lindex $line_data $lno 0]
+					foreach i $w_columns {
+						$i tag remove g$g $lno.0 $lno_e
+					}
+				}
+				lset line_data $lno [list $cmit $file $oln]
+
+				$cur_w delete $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend"
+				if {$lno == $first_lno} {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 $commit_abbr $commit_type
+				} elseif {$lno == [expr {$first_lno + 1}]} {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 $author_abbr author_abbr
+				} else {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 { |}
+				}
+
+				foreach i $w_columns {
+					if {$cur_w eq $w_amov} {
+						for {set g 0} \
+							{$g < [llength $group_colors]} \
+							{incr g} {
+							$i tag remove color$g $lno.0 $lno_e
+						}
+						$i tag add $color $lno.0 $lno_e
+					}
+					$i tag add g$cmit $lno.0 $lno_e
+				}
+
+				if {$highlight_column eq $cur_w} {
+					if {$highlight_line == -1
+					 && [lindex [$w_file yview] 0] == 0} {
+						$w_file see $lno.0
+						set highlight_line $lno
+					}
+					if {$highlight_line == $lno} {
+						_showcommit $this $cur_w $lno
+					}
+				}
+
+				incr n -1
+				incr lno
+				incr oln
+				incr blame_lines
+			}
+
+			while {
+			   $cmit eq [lindex $line_data $lno 0]
+			&& $file eq [lindex $line_data $lno 1]
+			} {
+				$cur_w delete $lno.0 "$lno.0 lineend"
+
+				if {$lno == $first_lno} {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 $commit_abbr $commit_type
+				} elseif {$lno == [expr {$first_lno + 1}]} {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 $author_abbr author_abbr
+				} else {
+					$cur_w insert $lno.0 { |}
+				}
+
+				if {$cur_w eq $w_amov} {
+					foreach i $w_columns {
+						for {set g 0} \
+							{$g < [llength $group_colors]} \
+							{incr g} {
+							$i tag remove color$g $lno.0 $lno_e
+						}
+						$i tag add $color $lno.0 $lno_e
+					}
+				}
+
+				incr lno
+			}
+
+		} elseif {[regexp {^([a-z-]+) (.*)$} $line line key data]} {
+			set header($r_commit,$key) $data
+		}
+	}
+	$cur_w conf -state disabled
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+		if {$cur_w eq $w_asim} {
+			# Switches for original location detection
+			set threshold [get_config gui.copyblamethreshold]
+			set original_options [list "-C$threshold"]
+
+			if {![is_config_true gui.fastcopyblame]} {
+				# thorough copy search; insert before the threshold
+				set original_options [linsert $original_options 0 -C]
+			}
+			if {[git-version >= 1.5.3]} {
+				lappend original_options -w ; # ignore indentation changes
+			}
+
+			_exec_blame $this $w_amov @amov_data \
+				$original_options \
+				[mc "Loading original location annotations..."]
+		} else {
+			set current_fd {}
+			$status stop [mc "Annotation complete."]
+		}
+	} else {
+		$status update $blame_lines $total_lines
+	}
+} ifdeleted { catch {close $fd} }
+
+method _find_commit_bound {data_list start_idx delta} {
+	upvar #0 $data_list line_data
+	set pos $start_idx
+	set limit       [expr {[llength $line_data] - 1}]
+	set base_commit [lindex $line_data $pos 0]
+
+	while {$pos > 0 && $pos < $limit} {
+		set new_pos [expr {$pos + $delta}]
+		if {[lindex $line_data $new_pos 0] ne $base_commit} {
+			return $pos
+		}
+
+		set pos $new_pos
+	}
+
+	return $pos
+}
+
+method _fullcopyblame {} {
+	if {$current_fd ne {}} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [mc "Busy"] \
+			-message [mc "Annotation process is already running."]
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	# Switches for original location detection
+	set threshold [get_config gui.copyblamethreshold]
+	set original_options [list -C -C "-C$threshold"]
+
+	if {[git-version >= 1.5.3]} {
+		lappend original_options -w ; # ignore indentation changes
+	}
+
+	# Find the line range
+	set pos @$::cursorX,$::cursorY
+	set lno [lindex [split [$::cursorW index $pos] .] 0]
+	set min_amov_lno [_find_commit_bound $this @amov_data $lno -1]
+	set max_amov_lno [_find_commit_bound $this @amov_data $lno 1]
+	set min_asim_lno [_find_commit_bound $this @asim_data $lno -1]
+	set max_asim_lno [_find_commit_bound $this @asim_data $lno 1]
+
+	if {$min_asim_lno < $min_amov_lno} {
+		set min_amov_lno $min_asim_lno
+	}
+
+	if {$max_asim_lno > $max_amov_lno} {
+		set max_amov_lno $max_asim_lno
+	}
+
+	lappend original_options -L "$min_amov_lno,$max_amov_lno"
+
+	# Clear lines
+	for {set i $min_amov_lno} {$i <= $max_amov_lno} {incr i} {
+		lset amov_data $i [list ]
+	}
+
+	# Start the back-end process
+	_exec_blame $this $w_amov @amov_data \
+		$original_options \
+		[mc "Running thorough copy detection..."]
+}
+
+method _click {cur_w pos} {
+	set lno [lindex [split [$cur_w index $pos] .] 0]
+	_showcommit $this $cur_w $lno
+}
+
+method _setencoding {enc} {
+	force_path_encoding $path $enc
+	_load $this [list \
+		$highlight_column \
+		$highlight_line \
+		[lindex [$w_file xview] 0] \
+		[lindex [$w_file yview] 0] \
+		]
+}
+
+method _load_commit {cur_w cur_d pos} {
+	upvar #0 $cur_d line_data
+	set lno [lindex [split [$cur_w index $pos] .] 0]
+	set dat [lindex $line_data $lno]
+	if {$dat ne {}} {
+		_load_new_commit $this  \
+			[lindex $dat 0] \
+			[lindex $dat 1] \
+			[list [lindex $dat 2]]
+	}
+}
+
+method _load_new_commit {new_commit new_path jump} {
+	lappend history [list \
+		$commit $path \
+		$highlight_column \
+		$highlight_line \
+		[lindex [$w_file xview] 0] \
+		[lindex [$w_file yview] 0] \
+		]
+
+	set commit $new_commit
+	set path   $new_path
+	_load $this $jump
+}
+
+method _showcommit {cur_w lno} {
+	global repo_config
+	variable active_color
+
+	if {$highlight_commit ne {}} {
+		foreach i $w_columns {
+			$i tag conf g$highlight_commit -background {}
+			$i tag lower g$highlight_commit
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$cur_w eq $w_asim} {
+		set dat [lindex $asim_data $lno]
+		set highlight_column $w_asim
+	} else {
+		set dat [lindex $amov_data $lno]
+		set highlight_column $w_amov
+	}
+
+	$w_cviewer conf -state normal
+	$w_cviewer delete 0.0 end
+
+	if {$dat eq {}} {
+		set cmit {}
+		$w_cviewer insert end [mc "Loading annotation..."] still_loading
+	} else {
+		set cmit [lindex $dat 0]
+		set file [lindex $dat 1]
+
+		foreach i $w_columns {
+			$i tag conf g$cmit -background $active_color
+			$i tag raise g$cmit
+			if {$i eq $w_file} {
+				$w_file tag raise found
+			}
+			$i tag raise sel
+		}
+
+		set author_name {}
+		set author_email {}
+		set author_time {}
+		catch {set author_name $header($cmit,author)}
+		catch {set author_email $header($cmit,author-mail)}
+		catch {set author_time [format_date $header($cmit,author-time)]}
+
+		set committer_name {}
+		set committer_email {}
+		set committer_time {}
+		catch {set committer_name $header($cmit,committer)}
+		catch {set committer_email $header($cmit,committer-mail)}
+		catch {set committer_time [format_date $header($cmit,committer-time)]}
+
+		if {[catch {set msg $header($cmit,message)}]} {
+			set msg {}
+			catch {
+				set fd [git_read cat-file commit $cmit]
+				fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
+				# By default commits are assumed to be in utf-8
+				set enc utf-8
+				while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+					if {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
+						set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
+					}
+				}
+				set msg [read $fd]
+				close $fd
+
+				set enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+				if {$enc ne {}} {
+					set msg [encoding convertfrom $enc $msg]
+				}
+				set msg [string trim $msg]
+			}
+			set header($cmit,message) $msg
+		}
+
+		$w_cviewer insert end "commit $cmit\n" header_key
+		$w_cviewer insert end [strcat [mc "Author:"] "\t"] header_key
+		$w_cviewer insert end "$author_name $author_email" header_val
+		$w_cviewer insert end "  $author_time\n" header_val
+
+		$w_cviewer insert end [strcat [mc "Committer:"] "\t"] header_key
+		$w_cviewer insert end "$committer_name $committer_email" header_val
+		$w_cviewer insert end "  $committer_time\n" header_val
+
+		if {$file ne $path} {
+			$w_cviewer insert end [strcat [mc "Original File:"] "\t"] header_key
+			$w_cviewer insert end "[escape_path $file]\n" header_val
+		}
+
+		$w_cviewer insert end "\n$msg"
+	}
+	$w_cviewer conf -state disabled
+
+	set highlight_line $lno
+	set highlight_commit $cmit
+
+	if {[lsearch -exact $tooltip_commit $highlight_commit] != -1} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _get_click_amov_info {} {
+	set pos @$::cursorX,$::cursorY
+	set lno [lindex [split [$::cursorW index $pos] .] 0]
+	return [lindex $amov_data $lno]
+}
+
+method _copycommit {} {
+	set dat [_get_click_amov_info $this]
+	if {$dat ne {}} {
+		clipboard clear
+		clipboard append \
+			-format STRING \
+			-type STRING \
+			-- [lindex $dat 0]
+	}
+}
+
+method _format_offset_date {base offset} {
+	set exval [expr {$base + $offset*24*60*60}]
+	return [clock format $exval -format {%Y-%m-%d}]
+}
+
+method _gitkcommit {} {
+	global nullid
+
+	set dat [_get_click_amov_info $this]
+	if {$dat ne {}} {
+		set cmit [lindex $dat 0]
+
+		# If the line belongs to the working copy, use HEAD instead
+		if {$cmit eq $nullid} {
+			if {[catch {set cmit [git rev-parse --verify HEAD]} err]} {
+				error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot find HEAD commit:"] "\n\n$err"]
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+
+		set radius [get_config gui.blamehistoryctx]
+		set cmdline [list --select-commit=$cmit]
+
+                if {$radius > 0} {
+			set author_time {}
+			set committer_time {}
+
+			catch {set author_time $header($cmit,author-time)}
+			catch {set committer_time $header($cmit,committer-time)}
+
+			if {$committer_time eq {}} {
+				set committer_time $author_time
+			}
+
+			set after_time [_format_offset_date $this $committer_time [expr {-$radius}]]
+			set before_time [_format_offset_date $this $committer_time $radius]
+
+			lappend cmdline --after=$after_time --before=$before_time
+		}
+
+		lappend cmdline $cmit
+
+		set base_rev "HEAD"
+		if {$commit ne {}} {
+			set base_rev $commit
+		}
+
+		if {$base_rev ne $cmit} {
+			lappend cmdline $base_rev
+		}
+
+		do_gitk $cmdline
+	}
+}
+
+method _blameparent {} {
+	global nullid
+
+	set dat [_get_click_amov_info $this]
+	if {$dat ne {}} {
+		set cmit [lindex $dat 0]
+		set new_path [lindex $dat 1]
+
+		# Allow using Blame Parent on lines modified in the working copy
+		if {$cmit eq $nullid} {
+			set parent_ref "HEAD"
+		} else {
+			set parent_ref "$cmit^"
+		}
+		if {[catch {set cparent [git rev-parse --verify $parent_ref]} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot find parent commit:"] "\n\n$err"]
+			return;
+		}
+
+		_kill $this
+
+		# Generate a diff between the commit and its parent,
+		# and use the hunks to update the line number.
+		# Request zero context to simplify calculations.
+		if {$cmit eq $nullid} {
+			set diffcmd [list diff-index --unified=0 $cparent -- $new_path]
+		} else {
+			set diffcmd [list diff-tree --unified=0 $cparent $cmit -- $new_path]
+		}
+		if {[catch {set fd [eval git_read $diffcmd]} err]} {
+			$status stop [mc "Unable to display parent"]
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Error loading diff:"] "\n\n$err"]
+			return
+		}
+
+		set r_orig_line [lindex $dat 2]
+
+		fconfigure $fd \
+			-blocking 0 \
+			-encoding binary \
+			-translation binary
+		fileevent $fd readable [cb _read_diff_load_commit \
+			$fd $cparent $new_path $r_orig_line]
+		set current_fd $fd
+	}
+}
+
+method _read_diff_load_commit {fd cparent new_path tline} {
+	if {$fd ne $current_fd} {
+		catch {close $fd}
+		return
+	}
+
+	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+		if {[regexp {^@@ -(\d+)(,(\d+))? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? @@} $line line \
+			old_line osz old_size new_line nsz new_size]} {
+
+			if {$osz eq {}} { set old_size 1 }
+			if {$nsz eq {}} { set new_size 1 }
+
+			if {$new_line <= $tline} {
+				if {[expr {$new_line + $new_size}] > $tline} {
+					# Target line within the hunk
+					set line_shift [expr {
+						($new_size-$old_size)*($tline-$new_line)/$new_size
+						}]
+				} else {
+					set line_shift [expr {$new_size-$old_size}]
+				}
+
+				set r_orig_line [expr {$r_orig_line - $line_shift}]
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd;
+		set current_fd {}
+
+		_load_new_commit $this  \
+			$cparent        \
+			$new_path       \
+			[list $r_orig_line]
+	}
+} ifdeleted { catch {close $fd} }
+
+method _show_tooltip {cur_w pos} {
+	if {$tooltip_wm ne {}} {
+		_open_tooltip $this $cur_w
+	} elseif {$tooltip_timer eq {}} {
+		set tooltip_timer [after 1000 [cb _open_tooltip $cur_w]]
+	}
+}
+
+method _open_tooltip {cur_w} {
+	set tooltip_timer {}
+	set pos_x [winfo pointerx $cur_w]
+	set pos_y [winfo pointery $cur_w]
+	if {[winfo containing $pos_x $pos_y] ne $cur_w} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$tooltip_wm ne "$cur_w.tooltip"} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+
+		set tooltip_wm [toplevel $cur_w.tooltip -borderwidth 1]
+		wm overrideredirect $tooltip_wm 1
+		wm transient $tooltip_wm [winfo toplevel $cur_w]
+		set tooltip_t $tooltip_wm.label
+		text $tooltip_t \
+			-takefocus 0 \
+			-highlightthickness 0 \
+			-relief flat \
+			-borderwidth 0 \
+			-wrap none \
+			-background lightyellow \
+			-foreground black
+		$tooltip_t tag conf section_header -font font_uibold
+		pack $tooltip_t
+	} else {
+		$tooltip_t conf -state normal
+		$tooltip_t delete 0.0 end
+	}
+
+	set pos @[join [list \
+		[expr {$pos_x - [winfo rootx $cur_w]}] \
+		[expr {$pos_y - [winfo rooty $cur_w]}]] ,]
+	set lno [lindex [split [$cur_w index $pos] .] 0]
+	if {$cur_w eq $w_amov} {
+		set dat [lindex $amov_data $lno]
+		set org {}
+	} else {
+		set dat [lindex $asim_data $lno]
+		set org [lindex $amov_data $lno]
+	}
+
+	if {$dat eq {}} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	set cmit [lindex $dat 0]
+	set tooltip_commit [list $cmit]
+
+	set author_name {}
+	set summary     {}
+	set author_time {}
+	catch {set author_name $header($cmit,author)}
+	catch {set summary     $header($cmit,summary)}
+	catch {set author_time [format_date $header($cmit,author-time)]}
+
+	$tooltip_t insert end "commit $cmit\n"
+	$tooltip_t insert end "$author_name  $author_time\n"
+	$tooltip_t insert end "$summary"
+
+	if {$org ne {} && [lindex $org 0] ne $cmit} {
+		set save [$tooltip_t get 0.0 end]
+		$tooltip_t delete 0.0 end
+
+		set cmit [lindex $org 0]
+		set file [lindex $org 1]
+		lappend tooltip_commit $cmit
+
+		set author_name {}
+		set summary     {}
+		set author_time {}
+		catch {set author_name $header($cmit,author)}
+		catch {set summary     $header($cmit,summary)}
+		catch {set author_time [format_date $header($cmit,author-time)]}
+
+		$tooltip_t insert end [strcat [mc "Originally By:"] "\n"] section_header
+		$tooltip_t insert end "commit $cmit\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end "$author_name  $author_time\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end "$summary\n"
+
+		if {$file ne $path} {
+			$tooltip_t insert end [strcat [mc "In File:"] " "] section_header
+			$tooltip_t insert end "$file\n"
+		}
+
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [strcat [mc "Copied Or Moved Here By:"] "\n"] section_header
+		$tooltip_t insert end $save
+	}
+
+	$tooltip_t conf -state disabled
+	_position_tooltip $this
+}
+
+method _position_tooltip {} {
+	set max_h [lindex [split [$tooltip_t index end] .] 0]
+	set max_w 0
+	for {set i 1} {$i <= $max_h} {incr i} {
+		set c [lindex [split [$tooltip_t index "$i.0 lineend"] .] 1]
+		if {$c > $max_w} {set max_w $c}
+	}
+	$tooltip_t conf -width $max_w -height $max_h
+
+	set req_w [winfo reqwidth  $tooltip_t]
+	set req_h [winfo reqheight $tooltip_t]
+	set pos_x [expr {[winfo pointerx .] +  5}]
+	set pos_y [expr {[winfo pointery .] + 10}]
+
+	set g "${req_w}x${req_h}"
+	if {$pos_x >= 0} {append g +}
+	append g $pos_x
+	if {$pos_y >= 0} {append g +}
+	append g $pos_y
+
+	wm geometry $tooltip_wm $g
+	raise $tooltip_wm
+}
+
+method _hide_tooltip {} {
+	if {$tooltip_wm ne {}} {
+		destroy $tooltip_wm
+		set tooltip_wm {}
+		set tooltip_commit {}
+	}
+	if {$tooltip_timer ne {}} {
+		after cancel $tooltip_timer
+		set tooltip_timer {}
+	}
+}
+
+method _resize {new_height} {
+	set diff [expr {$new_height - $old_height}]
+	if {$diff == 0} return
+
+	set my [expr {[winfo height $w.file_pane] - 25}]
+	set o [$w.file_pane sash coord 0]
+	set ox [lindex $o 0]
+	set oy [expr {[lindex $o 1] + $diff}]
+	if {$oy < 0}   {set oy 0}
+	if {$oy > $my} {set oy $my}
+	$w.file_pane sash place 0 $ox $oy
+
+	set old_height $new_height
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..777eeb79c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# git-gui branch (create/delete) support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc load_all_heads {} {
+	global some_heads_tracking
+
+	set rh refs/heads
+	set rh_len [expr {[string length $rh] + 1}]
+	set all_heads [list]
+	set fd [git_read for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $rh]
+	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+		if {!$some_heads_tracking || ![is_tracking_branch $line]} {
+			lappend all_heads [string range $line $rh_len end]
+		}
+	}
+	close $fd
+
+	return [lsort $all_heads]
+}
+
+proc load_all_tags {} {
+	set all_tags [list]
+	set fd [git_read for-each-ref \
+		--sort=-taggerdate \
+		--format=%(refname) \
+		refs/tags]
+	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+		if {![regsub ^refs/tags/ $line {} name]} continue
+		lappend all_tags $name
+	}
+	close $fd
+	return $all_tags
+}
+
+proc radio_selector {varname value args} {
+	upvar #0 $varname var
+	set var $value
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6603703ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# git-gui branch checkout support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class branch_checkout {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_rev          ; # mega-widget to pick the initial revision
+
+field opt_fetch     1; # refetch tracking branch if used?
+field opt_detach    0; # force a detached head case?
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Checkout Branch"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Checkout Branch"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Checkout] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _checkout]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	set w_rev [::choose_rev::new $w.rev [mc Revision]]
+	$w_rev bind_listbox <Double-Button-1> [cb _checkout]
+	pack $w.rev -anchor nw -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.options -text [mc Options]
+
+	checkbutton $w.options.fetch \
+		-text [mc "Fetch Tracking Branch"] \
+		-variable @opt_fetch
+	pack $w.options.fetch -anchor nw
+
+	checkbutton $w.options.detach \
+		-text [mc "Detach From Local Branch"] \
+		-variable @opt_detach
+	pack $w.options.detach -anchor nw
+
+	pack $w.options -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _checkout]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _checkout {} {
+	set spec [$w_rev get_tracking_branch]
+	if {$spec ne {} && $opt_fetch} {
+		set new {}
+	} elseif {[catch {set new [$w_rev commit_or_die]}]} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$opt_detach} {
+		set ref {}
+	} else {
+		set ref [$w_rev get_local_branch]
+	}
+
+	set co [::checkout_op::new [$w_rev get] $new $ref]
+	$co parent $w
+	$co enable_checkout 1
+	if {$spec ne {} && $opt_fetch} {
+		$co enable_fetch $spec
+	}
+
+	if {[$co run]} {
+		destroy $w
+	} else {
+		$w_rev focus_filter
+	}
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	$w_rev focus_filter
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3817771b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+# git-gui branch create support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class branch_create {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_rev          ; # mega-widget to pick the initial revision
+field w_name         ; # new branch name widget
+
+field name         {}; # name of the branch the user has chosen
+field name_type  user; # type of branch name to use
+
+field opt_merge    ff; # type of merge to apply to existing branch
+field opt_checkout  1; # automatically checkout the new branch?
+field opt_fetch     1; # refetch tracking branch if used?
+field reset_ok      0; # did the user agree to reset?
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Branch"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Create New Branch"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Create] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _create]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.desc -text [mc "Branch Name"]
+	radiobutton $w.desc.name_r \
+		-anchor w \
+		-text [mc "Name:"] \
+		-value user \
+		-variable @name_type
+	set w_name $w.desc.name_t
+	entry $w_name \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @name \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand [cb _validate %d %S]
+	grid $w.desc.name_r $w_name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+
+	radiobutton $w.desc.match_r \
+		-anchor w \
+		-text [mc "Match Tracking Branch Name"] \
+		-value match \
+		-variable @name_type
+	grid $w.desc.match_r -sticky we -padx {0 5} -columnspan 2
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w.desc 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.desc -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	set w_rev [::choose_rev::new $w.rev [mc "Starting Revision"]]
+	pack $w.rev -anchor nw -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.options -text [mc Options]
+
+	frame $w.options.merge
+	label $w.options.merge.l -text [mc "Update Existing Branch:"]
+	pack $w.options.merge.l -side left
+	radiobutton $w.options.merge.no \
+		-text [mc No] \
+		-value none \
+		-variable @opt_merge
+	pack $w.options.merge.no -side left
+	radiobutton $w.options.merge.ff \
+		-text [mc "Fast Forward Only"] \
+		-value ff \
+		-variable @opt_merge
+	pack $w.options.merge.ff -side left
+	radiobutton $w.options.merge.reset \
+		-text [mc Reset] \
+		-value reset \
+		-variable @opt_merge
+	pack $w.options.merge.reset -side left
+	pack $w.options.merge -anchor nw
+
+	checkbutton $w.options.fetch \
+		-text [mc "Fetch Tracking Branch"] \
+		-variable @opt_fetch
+	pack $w.options.fetch -anchor nw
+
+	checkbutton $w.options.checkout \
+		-text [mc "Checkout After Creation"] \
+		-variable @opt_checkout
+	pack $w.options.checkout -anchor nw
+	pack $w.options -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	trace add variable @name_type write [cb _select]
+
+	set name $repo_config(gui.newbranchtemplate)
+	if {[is_config_true gui.matchtrackingbranch]} {
+		set name_type match
+	}
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _create]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _create {} {
+	global repo_config
+	global M1B
+
+	set spec [$w_rev get_tracking_branch]
+	switch -- $name_type {
+	user {
+		set newbranch $name
+	}
+	match {
+		if {$spec eq {}} {
+			tk_messageBox \
+				-icon error \
+				-type ok \
+				-title [wm title $w] \
+				-parent $w \
+				-message [mc "Please select a tracking branch."]
+			return
+		}
+		if {![regsub ^refs/heads/ [lindex $spec 2] {} newbranch]} {
+			tk_messageBox \
+				-icon error \
+				-type ok \
+				-title [wm title $w] \
+				-parent $w \
+				-message [mc "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository." [$w get]]
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	}
+
+	if {$newbranch eq {}
+		|| $newbranch eq $repo_config(gui.newbranchtemplate)} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Please supply a branch name."]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {git check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch"}]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name." $newbranch]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$spec ne {} && $opt_fetch} {
+		set new {}
+	} elseif {[catch {set new [$w_rev commit_or_die]}]} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	set co [::checkout_op::new \
+		[$w_rev get] \
+		$new \
+		refs/heads/$newbranch]
+	$co parent $w
+	$co enable_create   1
+	$co enable_merge    $opt_merge
+	$co enable_checkout $opt_checkout
+	if {$spec ne {} && $opt_fetch} {
+		$co enable_fetch $spec
+	}
+	if {$spec ne {}} {
+		$co remote_source $spec
+	}
+
+	if {[$co run]} {
+		destroy $w
+	} else {
+		focus $w_name
+	}
+}
+
+method _validate {d S} {
+	if {$d == 1} {
+		if {[regexp {[~^:?*\[\0- ]} $S]} {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if {[string length $S] > 0} {
+			set name_type user
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _select {args} {
+	if {$name_type eq {match}} {
+		$w_rev pick_tracking_branch
+	}
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	if {$name_type eq {user}} {
+		$w_name icursor end
+		focus $w_name
+	}
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20d5e42307
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# git-gui branch delete support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class branch_delete {
+
+field w               ; # widget path
+field w_heads         ; # listbox of local head names
+field w_check         ; # revision picker for merge test
+field w_delete        ; # delete button
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global current_branch
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Delete Branch"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Delete Local Branch"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	set w_delete $w.buttons.delete
+	button $w_delete \
+		-text [mc Delete] \
+		-default active \
+		-state disabled \
+		-command [cb _delete]
+	pack $w_delete -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel \
+		-text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.list -text [mc "Local Branches"]
+	set w_heads $w.list.l
+	listbox $w_heads \
+		-height 10 \
+		-width 70 \
+		-selectmode extended \
+		-exportselection false \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set]
+	scrollbar $w.list.sby -command [list $w.list.l yview]
+	pack $w.list.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.list.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.list -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	set w_check [choose_rev::new \
+		$w.check \
+		[mc "Delete Only If Merged Into"] \
+		]
+	$w_check none [mc "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"]
+	pack $w.check -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	foreach h [load_all_heads] {
+		if {$h ne $current_branch} {
+			$w_heads insert end $h
+		}
+	}
+
+	bind $w_heads <<ListboxSelect>> [cb _select]
+	bind $w <Visibility> "
+		grab $w
+		focus $w
+	"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _delete]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _select {} {
+	if {[$w_heads curselection] eq {}} {
+		$w_delete configure -state disabled
+	} else {
+		$w_delete configure -state normal
+	}
+}
+
+method _delete {} {
+	if {[catch {set check_cmt [$w_check commit_or_die]}]} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	set to_delete [list]
+	set not_merged [list]
+	foreach i [$w_heads curselection] {
+		set b [$w_heads get $i]
+		if {[catch {
+			set o [git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$b"]
+		}]} continue
+		if {$check_cmt ne {}} {
+			if {[catch {set m [git merge-base $o $check_cmt]}]} continue
+			if {$o ne $m} {
+				lappend not_merged $b
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		lappend to_delete [list $b $o]
+	}
+	if {$not_merged ne {}} {
+		set msg "[mc "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:" [$w_check get]]
+
+ - [join $not_merged "\n - "]"
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon info \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message $msg
+	}
+	if {$to_delete eq {}} return
+	if {$check_cmt eq {}} {
+		set msg [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n\nDelete the selected branches?"]
+		if {[tk_messageBox \
+			-icon warning \
+			-type yesno \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message $msg] ne yes} {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set failed {}
+	foreach i $to_delete {
+		set b [lindex $i 0]
+		set o [lindex $i 1]
+		if {[catch {git branch -D $b} err]} {
+			append failed " - $b: $err\n"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$failed ne {}} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Failed to delete branches:\n%s" $failed]
+	}
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..166538808f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+# git-gui branch rename support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class branch_rename {
+
+field w
+field oldname
+field newname
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global current_branch
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Rename Branch"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	set oldname $current_branch
+	set newname [get_config gui.newbranchtemplate]
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Rename Branch"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.rename -text [mc Rename] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _rename]
+	pack $w.buttons.rename -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	frame $w.rename
+	label $w.rename.oldname_l -text [mc "Branch:"]
+	eval tk_optionMenu $w.rename.oldname_m @oldname [load_all_heads]
+
+	label $w.rename.newname_l -text [mc "New Name:"]
+	entry $w.rename.newname_t \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @newname \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand {
+			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {[~^:?*\[\0- ]} %S]} {return 0}
+			return 1
+		}
+
+	grid $w.rename.oldname_l $w.rename.oldname_m -sticky w  -padx {0 5}
+	grid $w.rename.newname_l $w.rename.newname_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+	grid columnconfigure $w.rename 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.rename -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _rename]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Visibility> "
+		grab $w
+		$w.rename.newname_t icursor end
+		focus $w.rename.newname_t
+	"
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _rename {} {
+	global current_branch
+
+	if {$oldname eq {}} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Please select a branch to rename."]
+		focus $w.rename.oldname_m
+		return
+	}
+	if {$newname eq {}
+		|| $newname eq [get_config gui.newbranchtemplate]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Please supply a branch name."]
+		focus $w.rename.newname_t
+		return
+	}
+	if {![catch {git show-ref --verify -- "refs/heads/$newname"}]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Branch '%s' already exists." $newname]
+		focus $w.rename.newname_t
+		return
+	}
+	if {[catch {git check-ref-format "heads/$newname"}]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name." $newname]
+		focus $w.rename.newname_t
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {git branch -m $oldname $newname} err]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [strcat [mc "Failed to rename '%s'." $oldname] "\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$current_branch eq $oldname} {
+		set current_branch $newname
+	}
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0410cc68df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+# git-gui tree browser
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class browser {
+
+image create photo ::browser::img_parent  -data {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}
+image create photo ::browser::img_rblob   -data {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}
+image create photo ::browser::img_xblob   -data {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}
+image create photo ::browser::img_tree    -data {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}
+image create photo ::browser::img_symlink -data {R0lGODlhEAAQAIQAAPwCBCwqLLSytLy+vERGRFRWVDQ2NKSmpAQCBKyurMTGxISChJyanHR2dIyKjGxubHRydGRmZIyOjFxeXHx6fAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABAAAAVbICACwWieY1CibCCsrBkMb0zchSEcNYskCtqBBzshFkOGQFk0IRqOxqPBODRHCMhCQKteRc9FI/KQWGOIyFYgkDC+gPR4snCcfRGKOIKIgSMQE31+f4OEYCZ+IQAh/mhDcmVhdGVkIGJ5IEJNUFRvR0lGIFBybyB2ZXJzaW9uIDIuNQ0KqSBEZXZlbENvciAxOTk3LDE5OTguIEFsbCByaWdodHMgcmVzZXJ2ZWQuDQpodHRwOi8vd3d3LmRldmVsY29yLmNvbQA7}
+image create photo ::browser::img_unknown -data {R0lGODlhEAAQAIUAAPwCBFxaXIyKjNTW1Nze3LS2tJyanER2RGS+VPz+/PTu5GxqbPz69BQ6BCxeLFSqRPT29HRydMzOzDQyNERmPKSypCRWHIyKhERCRDyGPKz2nESiLBxGHCyCHGxubPz6/PTy7Ozi1Ly2rKSipOzm3LyqlKSWhCRyFOzizLymhNTKtNzOvOzaxOTStPz27OzWvOTOpLSupLyedMS+rMS6pMSulLyqjLymfLyifAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABAAAAamQIAQECgajcOkYEBoDgoBQyAJOCCuiENCsWBIh9aGw9F4HCARiXciRDQoBUnlYRlcIgsMG5CxXAgMGhscBRAEBRd7AB0eBBoIgxUfICEiikSPgyMMIAokJZcBkBybJgomIaBJAZoMpyCmqkMBFCcVCrgKKAwpoSorKqchKCwtvasIFBIhLiYvLzDHsxQNMcMKLDAwMqEz3jQ1NTY3ONyrE+jp6hN+QQAh/mhDcmVhdGVkIGJ5IEJNUFRvR0lGIFBybyB2ZXJzaW9uIDIuNQ0KqSBEZXZlbENvciAxOTk3LDE5OTguIEFsbCByaWdodHMgcmVzZXJ2ZWQuDQpodHRwOi8vd3d3LmRldmVsY29yLmNvbQA7}
+
+field w
+field browser_commit
+field browser_path
+field browser_files  {}
+field browser_status [mc "Starting..."]
+field browser_stack  {}
+field browser_busy   1
+
+field ls_buf     {}; # Buffered record output from ls-tree
+
+constructor new {commit {path {}}} {
+	global cursor_ptr M1B
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "File Browser"]]
+
+	set browser_commit $commit
+	set browser_path $browser_commit:$path
+
+	label $w.path \
+		-textvariable @browser_path \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-font font_uibold
+	pack $w.path -anchor w -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.list
+	set w_list $w.list.l
+	text $w_list -background white -foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 0 \
+		-cursor $cursor_ptr \
+		-state disabled \
+		-wrap none \
+		-height 20 \
+		-width 70 \
+		-xscrollcommand [list $w.list.sbx set] \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set]
+	rmsel_tag $w_list
+	scrollbar $w.list.sbx -orient h -command [list $w_list xview]
+	scrollbar $w.list.sby -orient v -command [list $w_list yview]
+	pack $w.list.sbx -side bottom -fill x
+	pack $w.list.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w_list -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.list -side top -fill both -expand 1
+
+	label $w.status \
+		-textvariable @browser_status \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken
+	pack $w.status -anchor w -side bottom -fill x
+
+	bind $w_list <Button-1>        "[cb _click 0 @%x,%y];break"
+	bind $w_list <Double-Button-1> "[cb _click 1 @%x,%y];break"
+	bind $w_list <$M1B-Up>         "[cb _parent]        ;break"
+	bind $w_list <$M1B-Left>       "[cb _parent]        ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Up>              "[cb _move -1]       ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Down>            "[cb _move  1]       ;break"
+	bind $w_list <$M1B-Right>      "[cb _enter]         ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Return>          "[cb _enter]         ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Prior>           "[cb _page -1]       ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Next>            "[cb _page  1]       ;break"
+	bind $w_list <Left>            break
+	bind $w_list <Right>           break
+
+	bind $w_list <Visibility> [list focus $w_list]
+	set w $w_list
+	if {$path ne {}} {
+		_ls $this $browser_commit:$path $path
+	} else {
+		_ls $this $browser_commit $path
+	}
+	return $this
+}
+
+method _move {dir} {
+	if {$browser_busy} return
+	set lno [lindex [split [$w index in_sel.first] .] 0]
+	incr lno $dir
+	if {[lindex $browser_files [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
+		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
+		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
+		$w see $lno.0
+	}
+}
+
+method _page {dir} {
+	if {$browser_busy} return
+	$w yview scroll $dir pages
+	set lno [expr {int(
+		  [lindex [$w yview] 0]
+		* [llength $browser_files]
+		+ 1)}]
+	if {[lindex $browser_files [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
+		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
+		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
+		$w see $lno.0
+	}
+}
+
+method _parent {} {
+	if {$browser_busy} return
+	set info [lindex $browser_files 0]
+	if {[lindex $info 0] eq {parent}} {
+		set parent [lindex $browser_stack end-1]
+		set browser_stack [lrange $browser_stack 0 end-2]
+		if {$browser_stack eq {}} {
+			regsub {:.*$} $browser_path {:} browser_path
+		} else {
+			regsub {/[^/]+$} $browser_path {} browser_path
+		}
+		set browser_status [mc "Loading %s..." $browser_path]
+		_ls $this [lindex $parent 0] [lindex $parent 1]
+	}
+}
+
+method _enter {} {
+	if {$browser_busy} return
+	set lno [lindex [split [$w index in_sel.first] .] 0]
+	set info [lindex $browser_files [expr {$lno - 1}]]
+	if {$info ne {}} {
+		switch -- [lindex $info 0] {
+		parent {
+			_parent $this
+		}
+		tree {
+			set name [lindex $info 2]
+			set escn [escape_path $name]
+			set browser_status [mc "Loading %s..." $escn]
+			append browser_path $escn
+			_ls $this [lindex $info 1] $name
+		}
+		blob {
+			set name [lindex $info 2]
+			set p {}
+			foreach n $browser_stack {
+				append p [lindex $n 1]
+			}
+			append p $name
+			blame::new $browser_commit $p {}
+		}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method _click {was_double_click pos} {
+	if {$browser_busy} return
+	set lno [lindex [split [$w index $pos] .] 0]
+	focus $w
+
+	if {[lindex $browser_files [expr {$lno - 1}]] ne {}} {
+		$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
+		$w tag add in_sel $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
+		if {$was_double_click} {
+			_enter $this
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method _ls {tree_id {name {}}} {
+	set ls_buf {}
+	set browser_files {}
+	set browser_busy 1
+
+	$w conf -state normal
+	$w tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
+	$w delete 0.0 end
+	if {$browser_stack ne {}} {
+		$w image create end \
+			-align center -padx 5 -pady 1 \
+			-name icon0 \
+			-image ::browser::img_parent
+		$w insert end [mc "\[Up To Parent\]"]
+		lappend browser_files parent
+	}
+	lappend browser_stack [list $tree_id $name]
+	$w conf -state disabled
+
+	set fd [git_read ls-tree -z $tree_id]
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
+	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read $fd]
+}
+
+method _read {fd} {
+	append ls_buf [read $fd]
+	set pck [split $ls_buf "\0"]
+	set ls_buf [lindex $pck end]
+
+	set n [llength $browser_files]
+	$w conf -state normal
+	foreach p [lrange $pck 0 end-1] {
+		set tab [string first "\t" $p]
+		if {$tab == -1} continue
+
+		set info [split [string range $p 0 [expr {$tab - 1}]] { }]
+		set path [string range $p [expr {$tab + 1}] end]
+		set type   [lindex $info 1]
+		set object [lindex $info 2]
+
+		switch -- $type {
+		blob {
+			scan [lindex $info 0] %o mode
+			if {$mode == 0120000} {
+				set image ::browser::img_symlink
+			} elseif {($mode & 0100) != 0} {
+				set image ::browser::img_xblob
+			} else {
+				set image ::browser::img_rblob
+			}
+		}
+		tree {
+			set image ::browser::img_tree
+			append path /
+		}
+		default {
+			set image ::browser::img_unknown
+		}
+		}
+
+		if {$n > 0} {$w insert end "\n"}
+		$w image create end \
+			-align center -padx 5 -pady 1 \
+			-name icon[incr n] \
+			-image $image
+		$w insert end [escape_path $path]
+		lappend browser_files [list $type $object $path]
+	}
+	$w conf -state disabled
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+		set browser_status [mc "Ready."]
+		set browser_busy 0
+		set ls_buf {}
+		if {$n > 0} {
+			$w tag add in_sel 1.0 2.0
+			focus -force $w
+		}
+	}
+} ifdeleted {
+	catch {close $fd}
+}
+
+}
+
+class browser_open {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_rev          ; # mega-widget to pick the initial revision
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Browse Branch Files"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header \
+		-text [mc "Browse Branch Files"] \
+		-font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.browse -text [mc Browse] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _open]
+	pack $w.buttons.browse -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	set w_rev [::choose_rev::new $w.rev [mc Revision]]
+	$w_rev bind_listbox <Double-Button-1> [cb _open]
+	pack $w.rev -anchor nw -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _open]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _open {} {
+	if {[catch {$w_rev commit_or_die} err]} {
+		return
+	}
+	set name [$w_rev get]
+	destroy $w
+	browser::new $name
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	$w_rev focus_filter
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl b/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e7412c446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,645 @@
+# git-gui commit checkout support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class checkout_op {
+
+field w        {}; # our window (if we have one)
+field w_cons   {}; # embedded console window object
+
+field new_expr   ; # expression the user saw/thinks this is
+field new_hash   ; # commit SHA-1 we are switching to
+field new_ref    ; # ref we are updating/creating
+field old_hash   ; # commit SHA-1 that was checked out when we started
+
+field parent_w      .; # window that started us
+field merge_type none; # type of merge to apply to existing branch
+field merge_base   {}; # merge base if we have another ref involved
+field fetch_spec   {}; # refetch tracking branch if used?
+field checkout      1; # actually checkout the branch?
+field create        0; # create the branch if it doesn't exist?
+field remote_source {}; # same as fetch_spec, to setup tracking
+
+field reset_ok      0; # did the user agree to reset?
+field fetch_ok      0; # did the fetch succeed?
+
+field readtree_d   {}; # buffered output from read-tree
+field update_old   {}; # was the update-ref call deferred?
+field reflog_msg   {}; # log message for the update-ref call
+
+constructor new {expr hash {ref {}}} {
+	set new_expr $expr
+	set new_hash $hash
+	set new_ref  $ref
+
+	return $this
+}
+
+method parent {path} {
+	set parent_w [winfo toplevel $path]
+}
+
+method enable_merge {type} {
+	set merge_type $type
+}
+
+method enable_fetch {spec} {
+	set fetch_spec $spec
+}
+
+method remote_source {spec} {
+	set remote_source $spec
+}
+
+method enable_checkout {co} {
+	set checkout $co
+}
+
+method enable_create {co} {
+	set create $co
+}
+
+method run {} {
+	if {$fetch_spec ne {}} {
+		global M1B
+
+		# We were asked to refresh a single tracking branch
+		# before we get to work.  We should do that before we
+		# consider any ref updating.
+		#
+		set fetch_ok 0
+		set l_trck [lindex $fetch_spec 0]
+		set remote [lindex $fetch_spec 1]
+		set r_head [lindex $fetch_spec 2]
+		regsub ^refs/heads/ $r_head {} r_name
+
+		set cmd [list git fetch $remote]
+		if {$l_trck ne {}} {
+			lappend cmd +$r_head:$l_trck
+		} else {
+			lappend cmd $r_head
+		}
+
+		_toplevel $this {Refreshing Tracking Branch}
+		set w_cons [::console::embed \
+			$w.console \
+			[mc "Fetching %s from %s" $r_name $remote]]
+		pack $w.console -fill both -expand 1
+		$w_cons exec $cmd [cb _finish_fetch]
+
+		bind $w <$M1B-Key-w> break
+		bind $w <$M1B-Key-W> break
+		bind $w <Visibility> "
+			[list grab $w]
+			[list focus $w]
+		"
+		wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW [cb _noop]
+		tkwait window $w
+
+		if {!$fetch_ok} {
+			delete_this
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$new_ref ne {}} {
+		# If we have a ref we need to update it before we can
+		# proceed with a checkout (if one was enabled).
+		#
+		if {![_update_ref $this]} {
+			delete_this
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$checkout} {
+		_checkout $this
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	delete_this
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _noop {} {}
+
+method _finish_fetch {ok} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		set l_trck [lindex $fetch_spec 0]
+		if {$l_trck eq {}} {
+			set l_trck FETCH_HEAD
+		}
+		if {[catch {set new_hash [git rev-parse --verify "$l_trck^0"]} err]} {
+			set ok 0
+			$w_cons insert [mc "fatal: Cannot resolve %s" $l_trck]
+			$w_cons insert $err
+		}
+	}
+
+	$w_cons done $ok
+	set w_cons {}
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW {}
+
+	if {$ok} {
+		destroy $w
+		set w {}
+	} else {
+		button $w.close -text [mc Close] -command [list destroy $w]
+		pack $w.close -side bottom -anchor e -padx 10 -pady 10
+	}
+
+	set fetch_ok $ok
+}
+
+method _update_ref {} {
+	global null_sha1 current_branch repo_config
+
+	set ref $new_ref
+	set new $new_hash
+
+	set is_current 0
+	set rh refs/heads/
+	set rn [string length $rh]
+	if {[string equal -length $rn $rh $ref]} {
+		set newbranch [string range $ref $rn end]
+		if {$current_branch eq $newbranch} {
+			set is_current 1
+		}
+	} else {
+		set newbranch $ref
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {set cur [git rev-parse --verify "$ref^0"]}]} {
+		# Assume it does not exist, and that is what the error was.
+		#
+		if {!$create} {
+			_error $this [mc "Branch '%s' does not exist." $newbranch]
+			return 0
+		}
+
+		set reflog_msg "branch: Created from $new_expr"
+		set cur $null_sha1
+
+		if {($repo_config(branch.autosetupmerge) eq {true}
+			|| $repo_config(branch.autosetupmerge) eq {always})
+			&& $remote_source ne {}
+			&& "refs/heads/$newbranch" eq $ref} {
+
+			set c_remote [lindex $remote_source 1]
+			set c_merge [lindex $remote_source 2]
+			if {[catch {
+					git config branch.$newbranch.remote $c_remote
+					git config branch.$newbranch.merge  $c_merge
+				} err]} {
+				_error $this [strcat \
+				[mc "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'." $newbranch] \
+				"\n\n$err"]
+			}
+		}
+	} elseif {$create && $merge_type eq {none}} {
+		# We were told to create it, but not do a merge.
+		# Bad.  Name shouldn't have existed.
+		#
+		_error $this [mc "Branch '%s' already exists." $newbranch]
+		return 0
+	} elseif {!$create && $merge_type eq {none}} {
+		# We aren't creating, it exists and we don't merge.
+		# We are probably just a simple branch switch.
+		# Use whatever value we just read.
+		#
+		set new      $cur
+		set new_hash $cur
+	} elseif {$new eq $cur} {
+		# No merge would be required, don't compute anything.
+		#
+	} else {
+		catch {set merge_base [git merge-base $new $cur]}
+		if {$merge_base eq $cur} {
+			# The current branch is older.
+			#
+			set reflog_msg "merge $new_expr: Fast-forward"
+		} else {
+			switch -- $merge_type {
+			ff {
+				if {$merge_base eq $new} {
+					# The current branch is actually newer.
+					#
+					set new $cur
+					set new_hash $cur
+				} else {
+					_error $this [mc "Branch '%s' already exists.\n\nIt cannot fast-forward to %s.\nA merge is required." $newbranch $new_expr]
+					return 0
+				}
+			}
+			reset {
+				# The current branch will lose things.
+				#
+				if {[_confirm_reset $this $cur]} {
+					set reflog_msg "reset $new_expr"
+				} else {
+					return 0
+				}
+			}
+			default {
+				_error $this [mc "Merge strategy '%s' not supported." $merge_type]
+				return 0
+			}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$new ne $cur} {
+		if {$is_current} {
+			# No so fast.  We should defer this in case
+			# we cannot update the working directory.
+			#
+			set update_old $cur
+			return 1
+		}
+
+		if {[catch {
+				git update-ref -m $reflog_msg $ref $new $cur
+			} err]} {
+			_error $this [strcat [mc "Failed to update '%s'." $newbranch] "\n\n$err"]
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _checkout {} {
+	if {[lock_index checkout_op]} {
+		after idle [cb _start_checkout]
+	} else {
+		_error $this [mc "Staging area (index) is already locked."]
+		delete_this
+	}
+}
+
+method _start_checkout {} {
+	global HEAD commit_type
+
+	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
+	#
+	repository_state curType old_hash curMERGE_HEAD
+	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]
+		&& $curType eq {normal}
+		&& $old_hash eq $HEAD} {
+	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $old_hash} {
+		info_popup [mc "Last scanned state does not match repository state.
+
+Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.
+
+The rescan will be automatically started now.
+"]
+		unlock_index
+		rescan ui_ready
+		delete_this
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$old_hash eq $new_hash} {
+		_after_readtree $this
+	} elseif {[is_config_true gui.trustmtime]} {
+		_readtree $this
+	} else {
+		ui_status [mc "Refreshing file status..."]
+		set fd [git_read update-index \
+			-q \
+			--unmerged \
+			--ignore-missing \
+			--refresh \
+			]
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
+		fileevent $fd readable [cb _refresh_wait $fd]
+	}
+}
+
+method _refresh_wait {fd} {
+	read $fd
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+		_readtree $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _name {} {
+	if {$new_ref eq {}} {
+		return [string range $new_hash 0 7]
+	}
+
+	set rh refs/heads/
+	set rn [string length $rh]
+	if {[string equal -length $rn $rh $new_ref]} {
+		return [string range $new_ref $rn end]
+	} else {
+		return $new_ref
+	}
+}
+
+method _readtree {} {
+	global HEAD
+
+	set readtree_d {}
+	$::main_status start \
+		[mc "Updating working directory to '%s'..." [_name $this]] \
+		[mc "files checked out"]
+
+	set fd [git_read --stderr read-tree \
+		-m \
+		-u \
+		-v \
+		--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore \
+		$HEAD \
+		$new_hash \
+		]
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
+	fileevent $fd readable [cb _readtree_wait $fd]
+}
+
+method _readtree_wait {fd} {
+	global current_branch
+
+	set buf [read $fd]
+	$::main_status update_meter $buf
+	append readtree_d $buf
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {close $fd}]} {
+		set err $readtree_d
+		regsub {^fatal: } $err {} err
+		$::main_status stop [mc "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)." [_name $this]]
+		warn_popup [strcat [mc "File level merge required."] "
+
+$err
+
+" [mc "Staying on branch '%s'." $current_branch]]
+		unlock_index
+		delete_this
+		return
+	}
+
+	$::main_status stop
+	_after_readtree $this
+}
+
+method _after_readtree {} {
+	global selected_commit_type commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD PARENT
+	global current_branch is_detached
+	global ui_comm
+
+	set name [_name $this]
+	set log "checkout: moving"
+	if {!$is_detached} {
+		append log " from $current_branch"
+	}
+
+	# -- Move/create HEAD as a symbolic ref.  Core git does not
+	#    even check for failure here, it Just Works(tm).  If it
+	#    doesn't we are in some really ugly state that is difficult
+	#    to recover from within git-gui.
+	#
+	set rh refs/heads/
+	set rn [string length $rh]
+	if {[string equal -length $rn $rh $new_ref]} {
+		set new_branch [string range $new_ref $rn end]
+		if {$is_detached || $current_branch ne $new_branch} {
+			append log " to $new_branch"
+			if {[catch {
+					git symbolic-ref -m $log HEAD $new_ref
+				} err]} {
+				_fatal $this $err
+			}
+			set current_branch $new_branch
+			set is_detached 0
+		}
+	} else {
+		if {!$is_detached || $new_hash ne $HEAD} {
+			append log " to $new_expr"
+			if {[catch {
+					_detach_HEAD $log $new_hash
+				} err]} {
+				_fatal $this $err
+			}
+		}
+		set current_branch HEAD
+		set is_detached 1
+	}
+
+	# -- We had to defer updating the branch itself until we
+	#    knew the working directory would update.  So now we
+	#    need to finish that work.  If it fails we're in big
+	#    trouble.
+	#
+	if {$update_old ne {}} {
+		if {[catch {
+				git update-ref \
+					-m $reflog_msg \
+					$new_ref \
+					$new_hash \
+					$update_old
+			} err]} {
+			_fatal $this $err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$is_detached} {
+		info_popup [mc "You are no longer on a local branch.
+
+If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached Checkout'."]
+	}
+
+	# -- Run the post-checkout hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read post-checkout $old_hash $new_hash 1]
+	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
+		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+		fileevent $fd_ph readable [cb _postcheckout_wait $fd_ph]
+	} else {
+		_update_repo_state $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _postcheckout_wait {fd_ph} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			hook_failed_popup post-checkout $pch_error 0
+		}
+		unset pch_error
+		_update_repo_state $this
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
+
+method _update_repo_state {} {
+	# -- Update our repository state.  If we were previously in
+	#    amend mode we need to toss the current buffer and do a
+	#    full rescan to update our file lists.  If we weren't in
+	#    amend mode our file lists are accurate and we can avoid
+	#    the rescan.
+	#
+	global selected_commit_type commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD PARENT
+	global ui_comm
+
+	unlock_index
+	set name [_name $this]
+	set selected_commit_type new
+	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+		$ui_comm edit reset
+		$ui_comm edit modified false
+		rescan [list ui_status [mc "Checked out '%s'." $name]]
+	} else {
+		repository_state commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD
+		set PARENT $HEAD
+		ui_status [mc "Checked out '%s'." $name]
+	}
+	delete_this
+}
+
+git-version proc _detach_HEAD {log new} {
+	>= 1.5.3 {
+		git update-ref --no-deref -m $log HEAD $new
+	}
+	default {
+		set p [gitdir HEAD]
+		file delete $p
+		set fd [open $p w]
+		fconfigure $fd -translation lf -encoding utf-8
+		puts $fd $new
+		close $fd
+	}
+}
+
+method _confirm_reset {cur} {
+	set reset_ok 0
+	set name [_name $this]
+	set gitk [list do_gitk [list $cur ^$new_hash]]
+
+	_toplevel $this {Confirm Branch Reset}
+	pack [label $w.msg1 \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-text [mc "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:" $name $new_expr]\
+		] -anchor w
+
+	set list $w.list.l
+	frame $w.list
+	text $list \
+		-font font_diff \
+		-width 80 \
+		-height 10 \
+		-wrap none \
+		-xscrollcommand [list $w.list.sbx set] \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set]
+	scrollbar $w.list.sbx -orient h -command [list $list xview]
+	scrollbar $w.list.sby -orient v -command [list $list yview]
+	pack $w.list.sbx -fill x -side bottom
+	pack $w.list.sby -fill y -side right
+	pack $list -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.list -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 5
+
+	pack [label $w.msg2 \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-text [mc "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."] \
+		]
+	pack [label $w.msg3 \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-text [mc "Reset '%s'?" $name] \
+		]
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.visualize \
+		-text [mc Visualize] \
+		-command $gitk
+	pack $w.buttons.visualize -side left
+	button $w.buttons.reset \
+		-text [mc Reset] \
+		-command "
+			set @reset_ok 1
+			destroy $w
+		"
+	pack $w.buttons.reset -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel \
+		-default active \
+		-text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	set fd [git_read rev-list --pretty=oneline $cur ^$new_hash]
+	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+		set abbr [string range $line 0 7]
+		set subj [string range $line 41 end]
+		$list insert end "$abbr  $subj\n"
+	}
+	close $fd
+	$list configure -state disabled
+
+	bind $w    <Key-v> $gitk
+	bind $w <Visibility> "
+		grab $w
+		focus $w.buttons.cancel
+	"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	tkwait window $w
+	return $reset_ok
+}
+
+method _error {msg} {
+	if {[winfo ismapped $parent_w]} {
+		set p $parent_w
+	} else {
+		set p .
+	}
+
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [wm title $p] \
+		-parent $p \
+		-message $msg
+}
+
+method _toplevel {title} {
+	regsub -all {::} $this {__} w
+	set w .$w
+
+	if {[winfo ismapped $parent_w]} {
+		set p $parent_w
+	} else {
+		set p .
+	}
+
+	toplevel $w
+	wm title $w $title
+	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx $p]+[winfo rooty $p]"
+}
+
+method _fatal {err} {
+	error_popup [strcat [mc "Failed to set current branch.
+
+This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.
+
+This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up." [appname]] "
+
+$err"]
+	exit 1
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_font.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_font.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56443b042c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_font.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# git-gui font chooser
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class choose_font {
+
+field w
+field w_family    ; # UI widget of all known family names
+field w_example   ; # Example to showcase the chosen font
+
+field f_family    ; # Currently chosen family name
+field f_size      ; # Currently chosen point size
+
+field v_family    ; # Name of global variable for family
+field v_size      ; # Name of global variable for size
+
+variable all_families [list]  ; # All fonts known to Tk
+
+constructor pick {path title a_family a_size} {
+	variable all_families
+
+	set v_family $a_family
+	set v_size $a_size
+
+	upvar #0 $v_family pv_family
+	upvar #0 $v_size pv_size
+
+	set f_family $pv_family
+	set f_size $pv_size
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top "[appname] ([reponame]): $title"
+	wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx $path]+[winfo rooty $path]"
+
+	label $w.header -text $title -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.select \
+		-text [mc Select] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _select]
+	button $w.buttons.cancel \
+		-text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.select -side right
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	frame $w.inner
+
+	frame $w.inner.family
+	label $w.inner.family.l \
+		-text [mc "Font Family"] \
+		-anchor w
+	set w_family $w.inner.family.v
+	text $w_family \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-cursor $::cursor_ptr \
+		-wrap none \
+		-width 30 \
+		-height 10 \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.inner.family.sby set]
+	rmsel_tag $w_family
+	scrollbar $w.inner.family.sby -command [list $w_family yview]
+	pack $w.inner.family.l -side top -fill x
+	pack $w.inner.family.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w_family -fill both -expand 1
+
+	frame $w.inner.size
+	label $w.inner.size.l \
+		-text [mc "Font Size"] \
+		-anchor w
+	spinbox $w.inner.size.v \
+		-textvariable @f_size \
+		-from 2 -to 80 -increment 1 \
+		-width 3
+	bind $w.inner.size.v <FocusIn> {%W selection range 0 end}
+	pack $w.inner.size.l -fill x -side top
+	pack $w.inner.size.v -fill x -padx 2
+
+	grid configure $w.inner.family $w.inner.size -sticky nsew
+	grid rowconfigure $w.inner 0 -weight 1
+	grid columnconfigure $w.inner 0 -weight 1
+	pack $w.inner -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 5
+
+	frame $w.example
+	label $w.example.l \
+		-text [mc "Font Example"] \
+		-anchor w
+	set w_example $w.example.t
+	text $w_example \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-height 3 \
+		-width 40
+	rmsel_tag $w_example
+	$w_example tag conf example -justify center
+	$w_example insert end [mc "This is example text.\nIf you like this text, it can be your font."] example
+	$w_example conf -state disabled
+	pack $w.example.l -fill x
+	pack $w_example -fill x
+	pack $w.example -fill x -padx 5
+
+	if {$all_families eq {}} {
+		set all_families [lsort [font families]]
+	}
+
+	$w_family tag conf pick
+	$w_family tag bind pick <Button-1> [cb _pick_family %x %y]\;break
+	foreach f $all_families {
+		set sel [list pick]
+		if {$f eq $f_family} {
+			lappend sel in_sel
+		}
+		$w_family insert end "$f\n" $sel
+	}
+	$w_family conf -state disabled
+	_update $this
+
+	trace add variable @f_size write [cb _update]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _select]\;break
+	bind $w <Visibility> "
+		grab $w
+		focus $w
+	"
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _select {} {
+	upvar #0 $v_family pv_family
+	upvar #0 $v_size pv_size
+
+	set pv_family $f_family
+	set pv_size $f_size
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _pick_family {x y} {
+	variable all_families
+
+	set i [lindex [split [$w_family index @$x,$y] .] 0]
+	set n [lindex $all_families [expr {$i - 1}]]
+	if {$n ne {}} {
+		$w_family tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
+		$w_family tag add in_sel $i.0 [expr {$i + 1}].0
+		set f_family $n
+		_update $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _update {args} {
+	variable all_families
+
+	set i [lsearch -exact $all_families $f_family]
+	if {$i < 0} return
+
+	$w_example tag conf example -font [list $f_family $f_size]
+	$w_family see [expr {$i + 1}].0
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..633cc572bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,1079 @@
+# git-gui Git repository chooser
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class choose_repository {
+
+field top
+field w
+field w_body      ; # Widget holding the center content
+field w_next      ; # Next button
+field w_quit      ; # Quit button
+field o_cons      ; # Console object (if active)
+field w_types     ; # List of type buttons in clone
+field w_recentlist ; # Listbox containing recent repositories
+field w_localpath  ; # Entry widget bound to local_path
+
+field done              0 ; # Finished picking the repository?
+field local_path       {} ; # Where this repository is locally
+field origin_url       {} ; # Where we are cloning from
+field origin_name  origin ; # What we shall call 'origin'
+field clone_type hardlink ; # Type of clone to construct
+field readtree_err        ; # Error output from read-tree (if any)
+field sorted_recent       ; # recent repositories (sorted)
+
+constructor pick {} {
+	global M1T M1B
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [mc "Git Gui"]
+
+	if {$top eq {.}} {
+		menu $w.mbar -tearoff 0
+		$top configure -menu $w.mbar
+
+		set m_repo $w.mbar.repository
+		$w.mbar add cascade \
+			-label [mc Repository] \
+			-menu $m_repo
+		menu $m_repo
+
+		if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+			$w.mbar add cascade -label Apple -menu .mbar.apple
+			menu $w.mbar.apple
+			$w.mbar.apple add command \
+				-label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+				-command do_about
+			$w.mbar.apple add command \
+				-label [mc "Show SSH Key"] \
+				-command do_ssh_key
+		} else {
+			$w.mbar add cascade -label [mc Help] -menu $w.mbar.help
+			menu $w.mbar.help
+			$w.mbar.help add command \
+				-label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+				-command do_about
+			$w.mbar.help add command \
+				-label [mc "Show SSH Key"] \
+				-command do_ssh_key
+		}
+
+		wm protocol $top WM_DELETE_WINDOW exit
+		bind $top <$M1B-q> exit
+		bind $top <$M1B-Q> exit
+		bind $top <Key-Escape> exit
+	} else {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+		bind $top <Key-Escape> [list destroy $top]
+		set m_repo {}
+	}
+
+	pack [git_logo $w.git_logo] -side left -fill y -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+	set w_body $w.body
+	set opts $w_body.options
+	frame $w_body
+	text $opts \
+		-cursor $::cursor_ptr \
+		-relief flat \
+		-background [$w_body cget -background] \
+		-wrap none \
+		-spacing1 5 \
+		-width 50 \
+		-height 3
+	pack $opts -anchor w -fill x
+
+	$opts tag conf link_new -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$opts tag bind link_new <1> [cb _next new]
+	$opts insert end [mc "Create New Repository"] link_new
+	$opts insert end "\n"
+	if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+		$m_repo add command \
+			-command [cb _next new] \
+			-accelerator $M1T-N \
+			-label [mc "New..."]
+		bind $top <$M1B-n> [cb _next new]
+		bind $top <$M1B-N> [cb _next new]
+	}
+
+	$opts tag conf link_clone -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$opts tag bind link_clone <1> [cb _next clone]
+	$opts insert end [mc "Clone Existing Repository"] link_clone
+	$opts insert end "\n"
+	if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+		$m_repo add command \
+			-command [cb _next clone] \
+			-accelerator $M1T-C \
+			-label [mc "Clone..."]
+		bind $top <$M1B-c> [cb _next clone]
+		bind $top <$M1B-C> [cb _next clone]
+	}
+
+	$opts tag conf link_open -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$opts tag bind link_open <1> [cb _next open]
+	$opts insert end [mc "Open Existing Repository"] link_open
+	$opts insert end "\n"
+	if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+		$m_repo add command \
+			-command [cb _next open] \
+			-accelerator $M1T-O \
+			-label [mc "Open..."]
+		bind $top <$M1B-o> [cb _next open]
+		bind $top <$M1B-O> [cb _next open]
+	}
+
+	$opts conf -state disabled
+
+	set sorted_recent [_get_recentrepos]
+	if {[llength $sorted_recent] > 0} {
+		if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+			$m_repo add separator
+			$m_repo add command \
+				-state disabled \
+				-label [mc "Recent Repositories"]
+		}
+
+		label $w_body.space
+		label $w_body.recentlabel \
+			-anchor w \
+			-text [mc "Open Recent Repository:"]
+		set w_recentlist $w_body.recentlist
+		text $w_recentlist \
+			-cursor $::cursor_ptr \
+			-relief flat \
+			-background [$w_body.recentlabel cget -background] \
+			-wrap none \
+			-width 50 \
+			-height 10
+		$w_recentlist tag conf link \
+			-foreground blue \
+			-underline 1
+		set home $::env(HOME)
+		if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+			set home [exec cygpath --windows --absolute $home]
+		}
+		set home "[file normalize $home]/"
+		set hlen [string length $home]
+		foreach p $sorted_recent {
+			set path $p
+			if {[string equal -length $hlen $home $p]} {
+				set p "~/[string range $p $hlen end]"
+			}
+			regsub -all "\n" $p "\\n" p
+			$w_recentlist insert end $p link
+			$w_recentlist insert end "\n"
+
+			if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+				$m_repo add command \
+					-command [cb _open_recent_path $path] \
+					-label "    $p"
+			}
+		}
+		$w_recentlist conf -state disabled
+		$w_recentlist tag bind link <1> [cb _open_recent %x,%y]
+		pack $w_body.space -anchor w -fill x
+		pack $w_body.recentlabel -anchor w -fill x
+		pack $w_recentlist -anchor w -fill x
+	}
+	pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	set w_next $w.buttons.next
+	set w_quit $w.buttons.quit
+	button $w_quit \
+		-text [mc "Quit"] \
+		-command exit
+	pack $w_quit -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+	if {$m_repo ne {}} {
+		$m_repo add separator
+		$m_repo add command \
+			-label [mc Quit] \
+			-command exit \
+			-accelerator $M1T-Q
+	}
+
+	bind $top <Return> [cb _invoke_next]
+	bind $top <Visibility> "
+		[cb _center]
+		grab $top
+		focus $top
+		bind $top <Visibility> {}
+	"
+	wm deiconify $top
+	tkwait variable @done
+
+	if {$top eq {.}} {
+		eval destroy [winfo children $top]
+	}
+}
+
+proc _home {} {
+	if {[catch {set h $::env(HOME)}]
+		|| ![file isdirectory $h]} {
+		set h .
+	}
+	return $h
+}
+
+method _center {} {
+	set nx [winfo reqwidth $top]
+	set ny [winfo reqheight $top]
+	set rx [expr {([winfo screenwidth  $top] - $nx) / 3}]
+	set ry [expr {([winfo screenheight $top] - $ny) / 3}]
+	wm geometry $top [format {+%d+%d} $rx $ry]
+}
+
+method _invoke_next {} {
+	if {[winfo exists $w_next]} {
+		uplevel #0 [$w_next cget -command]
+	}
+}
+
+proc _get_recentrepos {} {
+	set recent [list]
+	foreach p [get_config gui.recentrepo] {
+		if {[_is_git [file join $p .git]]} {
+			lappend recent $p
+		}
+	}
+	return [lsort $recent]
+}
+
+proc _unset_recentrepo {p} {
+	regsub -all -- {([()\[\]{}\.^$+*?\\])} $p {\\\1} p
+	git config --global --unset gui.recentrepo "^$p\$"
+}
+
+proc _append_recentrepos {path} {
+	set path [file normalize $path]
+	set recent [get_config gui.recentrepo]
+
+	if {[lindex $recent end] eq $path} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	set i [lsearch $recent $path]
+	if {$i >= 0} {
+		_unset_recentrepo $path
+		set recent [lreplace $recent $i $i]
+	}
+
+	lappend recent $path
+	git config --global --add gui.recentrepo $path
+
+	while {[llength $recent] > 10} {
+		_unset_recentrepo [lindex $recent 0]
+		set recent [lrange $recent 1 end]
+	}
+}
+
+method _open_recent {xy} {
+	set id [lindex [split [$w_recentlist index @$xy] .] 0]
+	set local_path [lindex $sorted_recent [expr {$id - 1}]]
+	_do_open2 $this
+}
+
+method _open_recent_path {p} {
+	set local_path $p
+	_do_open2 $this
+}
+
+method _next {action} {
+	destroy $w_body
+	if {![winfo exists $w_next]} {
+		button $w_next -default active
+		pack $w_next -side right -padx 5 -before $w_quit
+	}
+	_do_$action $this
+}
+
+method _write_local_path {args} {
+	if {$local_path eq {}} {
+		$w_next conf -state disabled
+	} else {
+		$w_next conf -state normal
+	}
+}
+
+method _git_init {} {
+	if {[catch {file mkdir $local_path} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Failed to create repository %s:" $local_path] \
+			"\n\n$err"]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {cd $local_path} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Failed to create repository %s:" $local_path] \
+			"\n\n$err"]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {git init} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Failed to create repository %s:" $local_path] \
+			"\n\n$err"]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	_append_recentrepos [pwd]
+	set ::_gitdir .git
+	set ::_prefix {}
+	return 1
+}
+
+proc _is_git {path} {
+	if {[file exists [file join $path HEAD]]
+	 && [file exists [file join $path objects]]
+	 && [file exists [file join $path config]]} {
+		return 1
+	}
+	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+		if {[file exists [file join $path HEAD]]
+		 && [file exists [file join $path objects.lnk]]
+		 && [file exists [file join $path config.lnk]]} {
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+proc _objdir {path} {
+	set objdir [file join $path .git objects]
+	if {[file isdirectory $objdir]} {
+		return $objdir
+	}
+
+	set objdir [file join $path objects]
+	if {[file isdirectory $objdir]} {
+		return $objdir
+	}
+
+	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+		set objdir [file join $path .git objects.lnk]
+		if {[file isfile $objdir]} {
+			return [win32_read_lnk $objdir]
+		}
+
+		set objdir [file join $path objects.lnk]
+		if {[file isfile $objdir]} {
+			return [win32_read_lnk $objdir]
+		}
+	}
+
+	return {}
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## Create New Repository
+
+method _do_new {} {
+	$w_next conf \
+		-state disabled \
+		-command [cb _do_new2] \
+		-text [mc "Create"]
+
+	frame $w_body
+	label $w_body.h \
+		-font font_uibold \
+		-text [mc "Create New Repository"]
+	pack $w_body.h -side top -fill x -pady 10
+	pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10
+
+	frame $w_body.where
+	label $w_body.where.l -text [mc "Directory:"]
+	entry $w_body.where.t \
+		-textvariable @local_path \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50
+	button $w_body.where.b \
+		-text [mc "Browse"] \
+		-command [cb _new_local_path]
+	set w_localpath $w_body.where.t
+
+	grid $w_body.where.l $w_body.where.t $w_body.where.b -sticky ew
+	pack $w_body.where -fill x
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w_body.where 1 -weight 1
+
+	trace add variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]
+	bind $w_body.h <Destroy> [list trace remove variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]]
+	update
+	focus $w_body.where.t
+}
+
+method _new_local_path {} {
+	if {$local_path ne {}} {
+		set p [file dirname $local_path]
+	} else {
+		set p [_home]
+	}
+
+	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
+		-initialdir $p \
+		-parent $top \
+		-title [mc "Git Repository"] \
+		-mustexist false]
+	if {$p eq {}} return
+
+	set p [file normalize $p]
+	if {![_new_ok $p]} {
+		return
+	}
+	set local_path $p
+	$w_localpath icursor end
+}
+
+method _do_new2 {} {
+	if {![_new_ok $local_path]} {
+		return
+	}
+	if {![_git_init $this]} {
+		return
+	}
+	set done 1
+}
+
+proc _new_ok {p} {
+	if {[file isdirectory $p]} {
+		if {[_is_git [file join $p .git]]} {
+			error_popup [mc "Directory %s already exists." $p]
+			return 0
+		}
+	} elseif {[file exists $p]} {
+		error_popup [mc "File %s already exists." $p]
+		return 0
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## Clone Existing Repository
+
+method _do_clone {} {
+	$w_next conf \
+		-state disabled \
+		-command [cb _do_clone2] \
+		-text [mc "Clone"]
+
+	frame $w_body
+	label $w_body.h \
+		-font font_uibold \
+		-text [mc "Clone Existing Repository"]
+	pack $w_body.h -side top -fill x -pady 10
+	pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10
+
+	set args $w_body.args
+	frame $w_body.args
+	pack $args -fill both
+
+	label $args.origin_l -text [mc "Source Location:"]
+	entry $args.origin_t \
+		-textvariable @origin_url \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50
+	button $args.origin_b \
+		-text [mc "Browse"] \
+		-command [cb _open_origin]
+	grid $args.origin_l $args.origin_t $args.origin_b -sticky ew
+
+	label $args.where_l -text [mc "Target Directory:"]
+	entry $args.where_t \
+		-textvariable @local_path \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50
+	button $args.where_b \
+		-text [mc "Browse"] \
+		-command [cb _new_local_path]
+	grid $args.where_l $args.where_t $args.where_b -sticky ew
+	set w_localpath $args.where_t
+
+	label $args.type_l -text [mc "Clone Type:"]
+	frame $args.type_f
+	set w_types [list]
+	lappend w_types [radiobutton $args.type_f.hardlink \
+		-state disabled \
+		-anchor w \
+		-text [mc "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"] \
+		-variable @clone_type \
+		-value hardlink]
+	lappend w_types [radiobutton $args.type_f.full \
+		-state disabled \
+		-anchor w \
+		-text [mc "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"] \
+		-variable @clone_type \
+		-value full]
+	lappend w_types [radiobutton $args.type_f.shared \
+		-state disabled \
+		-anchor w \
+		-text [mc "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"] \
+		-variable @clone_type \
+		-value shared]
+	foreach r $w_types {
+		pack $r -anchor w
+	}
+	grid $args.type_l $args.type_f -sticky new
+
+	grid columnconfigure $args 1 -weight 1
+
+	trace add variable @local_path write [cb _update_clone]
+	trace add variable @origin_url write [cb _update_clone]
+	bind $w_body.h <Destroy> "
+		[list trace remove variable @local_path write [cb _update_clone]]
+		[list trace remove variable @origin_url write [cb _update_clone]]
+	"
+	update
+	focus $args.origin_t
+}
+
+method _open_origin {} {
+	if {$origin_url ne {} && [file isdirectory $origin_url]} {
+		set p $origin_url
+	} else {
+		set p [_home]
+	}
+
+	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
+		-initialdir $p \
+		-parent $top \
+		-title [mc "Git Repository"] \
+		-mustexist true]
+	if {$p eq {}} return
+
+	set p [file normalize $p]
+	if {![_is_git [file join $p .git]] && ![_is_git $p]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $p]]
+		return
+	}
+	set origin_url $p
+}
+
+method _update_clone {args} {
+	if {$local_path ne {} && $origin_url ne {}} {
+		$w_next conf -state normal
+	} else {
+		$w_next conf -state disabled
+	}
+
+	if {$origin_url ne {} &&
+		(  [_is_git [file join $origin_url .git]]
+		|| [_is_git $origin_url])} {
+		set e normal
+		if {[[lindex $w_types 0] cget -state] eq {disabled}} {
+			set clone_type hardlink
+		}
+	} else {
+		set e disabled
+		set clone_type full
+	}
+
+	foreach r $w_types {
+		$r conf -state $e
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_clone2 {} {
+	if {[file isdirectory $origin_url]} {
+		set origin_url [file normalize $origin_url]
+	}
+
+	if {$clone_type eq {hardlink} && ![file isdirectory $origin_url]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Standard only available for local repository."]
+		return
+	}
+	if {$clone_type eq {shared} && ![file isdirectory $origin_url]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Shared only available for local repository."]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$clone_type eq {hardlink} || $clone_type eq {shared}} {
+		set objdir [_objdir $origin_url]
+		if {$objdir eq {}} {
+			error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $origin_url]]
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set giturl $origin_url
+	if {[is_Cygwin] && [file isdirectory $giturl]} {
+		set giturl [exec cygpath --unix --absolute $giturl]
+		if {$clone_type eq {shared}} {
+			set objdir [exec cygpath --unix --absolute $objdir]
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {[file exists $local_path]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Location %s already exists." $local_path]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {![_git_init $this]} return
+	set local_path [pwd]
+
+	if {[catch {
+			git config remote.$origin_name.url $giturl
+			git config remote.$origin_name.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/$origin_name/*
+		} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Failed to configure origin"] "\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	destroy $w_body $w_next
+
+	switch -exact -- $clone_type {
+	hardlink {
+		set o_cons [status_bar::two_line $w_body]
+		pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+
+		$o_cons start \
+			[mc "Counting objects"] \
+			[mc "buckets"]
+		update
+
+		if {[file exists [file join $objdir info alternates]]} {
+			set pwd [pwd]
+			if {[catch {
+				file mkdir [gitdir objects info]
+				set f_in [open [file join $objdir info alternates] r]
+				set f_cp [open [gitdir objects info alternates] w]
+				fconfigure $f_in -translation binary -encoding binary
+				fconfigure $f_cp -translation binary -encoding binary
+				cd $objdir
+				while {[gets $f_in line] >= 0} {
+					if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+						puts $f_cp [exec cygpath --unix --absolute $line]
+					} else {
+						puts $f_cp [file normalize $line]
+					}
+				}
+				close $f_in
+				close $f_cp
+				cd $pwd
+			} err]} {
+				catch {cd $pwd}
+				_clone_failed $this [mc "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s" $err]
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		set tolink  [list]
+		set buckets [glob \
+			-tails \
+			-nocomplain \
+			-directory [file join $objdir] ??]
+		set bcnt [expr {[llength $buckets] + 2}]
+		set bcur 1
+		$o_cons update $bcur $bcnt
+		update
+
+		file mkdir [file join .git objects pack]
+		foreach i [glob -tails -nocomplain \
+			-directory [file join $objdir pack] *] {
+			lappend tolink [file join pack $i]
+		}
+		$o_cons update [incr bcur] $bcnt
+		update
+
+		foreach i $buckets {
+			file mkdir [file join .git objects $i]
+			foreach j [glob -tails -nocomplain \
+				-directory [file join $objdir $i] *] {
+				lappend tolink [file join $i $j]
+			}
+			$o_cons update [incr bcur] $bcnt
+			update
+		}
+		$o_cons stop
+
+		if {$tolink eq {}} {
+			info_popup [strcat \
+				[mc "Nothing to clone from %s." $origin_url] \
+				"\n" \
+				[mc "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."] \
+				]
+			destroy $w_body
+			set done 1
+			return
+		}
+
+		set i [lindex $tolink 0]
+		if {[catch {
+				file link -hard \
+					[file join .git objects $i] \
+					[file join $objdir $i]
+			} err]} {
+			info_popup [mc "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."]
+			set i [_copy_files $this $objdir $tolink]
+		} else {
+			set i [_link_files $this $objdir [lrange $tolink 1 end]]
+		}
+		if {!$i} return
+
+		destroy $w_body
+	}
+	full {
+		set o_cons [console::embed \
+			$w_body \
+			[mc "Cloning from %s" $origin_url]]
+		pack $w_body -fill both -expand 1 -padx 10
+		$o_cons exec \
+			[list git fetch --no-tags -k $origin_name] \
+			[cb _do_clone_tags]
+	}
+	shared {
+		set fd [open [gitdir objects info alternates] w]
+		fconfigure $fd -translation binary
+		puts $fd $objdir
+		close $fd
+	}
+	}
+
+	if {$clone_type eq {hardlink} || $clone_type eq {shared}} {
+		if {![_clone_refs $this]} return
+		set pwd [pwd]
+		if {[catch {
+				cd $origin_url
+				set HEAD [git rev-parse --verify HEAD^0]
+			} err]} {
+			_clone_failed $this [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $origin_url]]
+			return 0
+		}
+		cd $pwd
+		_do_clone_checkout $this $HEAD
+	}
+}
+
+method _copy_files {objdir tocopy} {
+	$o_cons start \
+		[mc "Copying objects"] \
+		[mc "KiB"]
+	set tot 0
+	set cmp 0
+	foreach p $tocopy {
+		incr tot [file size [file join $objdir $p]]
+	}
+	foreach p $tocopy {
+		if {[catch {
+				set f_in [open [file join $objdir $p] r]
+				set f_cp [open [file join .git objects $p] w]
+				fconfigure $f_in -translation binary -encoding binary
+				fconfigure $f_cp -translation binary -encoding binary
+
+				while {![eof $f_in]} {
+					incr cmp [fcopy $f_in $f_cp -size 16384]
+					$o_cons update \
+						[expr {$cmp / 1024}] \
+						[expr {$tot / 1024}]
+					update
+				}
+
+				close $f_in
+				close $f_cp
+			} err]} {
+			_clone_failed $this [mc "Unable to copy object: %s" $err]
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _link_files {objdir tolink} {
+	set total [llength $tolink]
+	$o_cons start \
+		[mc "Linking objects"] \
+		[mc "objects"]
+	for {set i 0} {$i < $total} {} {
+		set p [lindex $tolink $i]
+		if {[catch {
+				file link -hard \
+					[file join .git objects $p] \
+					[file join $objdir $p]
+			} err]} {
+			_clone_failed $this [mc "Unable to hardlink object: %s" $err]
+			return 0
+		}
+
+		incr i
+		if {$i % 5 == 0} {
+			$o_cons update $i $total
+			update
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _clone_refs {} {
+	set pwd [pwd]
+	if {[catch {cd $origin_url} err]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $origin_url]]
+		return 0
+	}
+	set fd_in [git_read for-each-ref \
+		--tcl \
+		{--format=list %(refname) %(objectname) %(*objectname)}]
+	cd $pwd
+
+	set fd [open [gitdir packed-refs] w]
+	fconfigure $fd -translation binary
+	puts $fd "# pack-refs with: peeled"
+	while {[gets $fd_in line] >= 0} {
+		set line [eval $line]
+		set refn [lindex $line 0]
+		set robj [lindex $line 1]
+		set tobj [lindex $line 2]
+
+		if {[regsub ^refs/heads/ $refn \
+			"refs/remotes/$origin_name/" refn]} {
+			puts $fd "$robj $refn"
+		} elseif {[string match refs/tags/* $refn]} {
+			puts $fd "$robj $refn"
+			if {$tobj ne {}} {
+				puts $fd "^$tobj"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	close $fd_in
+	close $fd
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _do_clone_tags {ok} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		$o_cons exec \
+			[list git fetch --tags -k $origin_name] \
+			[cb _do_clone_HEAD]
+	} else {
+		$o_cons done $ok
+		_clone_failed $this [mc "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."]
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_clone_HEAD {ok} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		$o_cons exec \
+			[list git fetch $origin_name HEAD] \
+			[cb _do_clone_full_end]
+	} else {
+		$o_cons done $ok
+		_clone_failed $this [mc "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."]
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_clone_full_end {ok} {
+	$o_cons done $ok
+
+	if {$ok} {
+		destroy $w_body
+
+		set HEAD {}
+		if {[file exists [gitdir FETCH_HEAD]]} {
+			set fd [open [gitdir FETCH_HEAD] r]
+			while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+				if {[regexp "^(.{40})\t\t" $line line HEAD]} {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			close $fd
+		}
+
+		catch {git pack-refs}
+		_do_clone_checkout $this $HEAD
+	} else {
+		_clone_failed $this [mc "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."]
+	}
+}
+
+method _clone_failed {{why {}}} {
+	if {[catch {file delete -force $local_path} err]} {
+		set why [strcat \
+			$why \
+			"\n\n" \
+			[mc "Unable to cleanup %s" $local_path] \
+			"\n\n" \
+			$err]
+	}
+	if {$why ne {}} {
+		update
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Clone failed."] "\n" $why]
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_clone_checkout {HEAD} {
+	if {$HEAD eq {}} {
+		info_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "No default branch obtained."] \
+			"\n" \
+			[mc "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."] \
+			]
+		set done 1
+		return
+	}
+	if {[catch {
+			git update-ref HEAD $HEAD^0
+		} err]} {
+		info_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Cannot resolve %s as a commit." $HEAD^0] \
+			"\n  $err" \
+			"\n" \
+			[mc "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."] \
+			]
+		set done 1
+		return
+	}
+
+	set o_cons [status_bar::two_line $w_body]
+	pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10 -pady 10
+	$o_cons start \
+		[mc "Creating working directory"] \
+		[mc "files"]
+
+	set readtree_err {}
+	set fd [git_read --stderr read-tree \
+		-m \
+		-u \
+		-v \
+		HEAD \
+		HEAD \
+		]
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
+	fileevent $fd readable [cb _readtree_wait $fd]
+}
+
+method _readtree_wait {fd} {
+	set buf [read $fd]
+	$o_cons update_meter $buf
+	append readtree_err $buf
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {close $fd}]} {
+		set err $readtree_err
+		regsub {^fatal: } $err {} err
+		error_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Initial file checkout failed."] \
+			"\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- Run the post-checkout hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read post-checkout [string repeat 0 40] \
+		[git rev-parse HEAD] 1]
+	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
+		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+		fileevent $fd_ph readable [cb _postcheckout_wait $fd_ph]
+	} else {
+		set done 1
+	}
+}
+
+method _postcheckout_wait {fd_ph} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			hook_failed_popup post-checkout $pch_error 0
+		}
+		unset pch_error
+		set done 1
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
+
+######################################################################
+##
+## Open Existing Repository
+
+method _do_open {} {
+	$w_next conf \
+		-state disabled \
+		-command [cb _do_open2] \
+		-text [mc "Open"]
+
+	frame $w_body
+	label $w_body.h \
+		-font font_uibold \
+		-text [mc "Open Existing Repository"]
+	pack $w_body.h -side top -fill x -pady 10
+	pack $w_body -fill x -padx 10
+
+	frame $w_body.where
+	label $w_body.where.l -text [mc "Repository:"]
+	entry $w_body.where.t \
+		-textvariable @local_path \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50
+	button $w_body.where.b \
+		-text [mc "Browse"] \
+		-command [cb _open_local_path]
+
+	grid $w_body.where.l $w_body.where.t $w_body.where.b -sticky ew
+	pack $w_body.where -fill x
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w_body.where 1 -weight 1
+
+	trace add variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]
+	bind $w_body.h <Destroy> [list trace remove variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]]
+	update
+	focus $w_body.where.t
+}
+
+method _open_local_path {} {
+	if {$local_path ne {}} {
+		set p $local_path
+	} else {
+		set p [_home]
+	}
+
+	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
+		-initialdir $p \
+		-parent $top \
+		-title [mc "Git Repository"] \
+		-mustexist true]
+	if {$p eq {}} return
+
+	set p [file normalize $p]
+	if {![_is_git [file join $p .git]]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $p]]
+		return
+	}
+	set local_path $p
+}
+
+method _do_open2 {} {
+	if {![_is_git [file join $local_path .git]]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $local_path]]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {cd $local_path} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat \
+			[mc "Failed to open repository %s:" $local_path] \
+			"\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	_append_recentrepos [pwd]
+	set ::_gitdir .git
+	set ::_prefix {}
+	set done 1
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8821c1463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+# git-gui revision chooser
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class choose_rev {
+
+image create photo ::choose_rev::img_find -data {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}
+
+field w               ; # our megawidget path
+field w_list          ; # list of currently filtered specs
+field w_filter        ; # filter entry for $w_list
+
+field c_expr        {}; # current revision expression
+field filter          ; # current filter string
+field revtype     head; # type of revision chosen
+field cur_specs [list]; # list of specs for $revtype
+field spec_head       ; # list of all head specs
+field spec_trck       ; # list of all tracking branch specs
+field spec_tag        ; # list of all tag specs
+field tip_data        ; # array of tip commit info by refname
+field log_last        ; # array of reflog date by refname
+
+field tooltip_wm        {} ; # Current tooltip toplevel, if open
+field tooltip_t         {} ; # Text widget in $tooltip_wm
+field tooltip_timer     {} ; # Current timer event for our tooltip
+
+proc new {path {title {}}} {
+	return [_new $path 0 $title]
+}
+
+proc new_unmerged {path {title {}}} {
+	return [_new $path 1 $title]
+}
+
+constructor _new {path unmerged_only title} {
+	global current_branch is_detached
+
+	if {![info exists ::all_remotes]} {
+		load_all_remotes
+	}
+
+	set w $path
+
+	if {$title ne {}} {
+		labelframe $w -text $title
+	} else {
+		frame $w
+	}
+	bind $w <Destroy> [cb _delete %W]
+
+	if {$is_detached} {
+		radiobutton $w.detachedhead_r \
+			-anchor w \
+			-text [mc "This Detached Checkout"] \
+			-value HEAD \
+			-variable @revtype
+		grid $w.detachedhead_r -sticky we -padx {0 5} -columnspan 2
+	}
+
+	radiobutton $w.expr_r \
+		-text [mc "Revision Expression:"] \
+		-value expr \
+		-variable @revtype
+	entry $w.expr_t \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50 \
+		-textvariable @c_expr \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand [cb _validate %d %S]
+	grid $w.expr_r $w.expr_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+
+	frame $w.types
+	radiobutton $w.types.head_r \
+		-text [mc "Local Branch"] \
+		-value head \
+		-variable @revtype
+	pack $w.types.head_r -side left
+	radiobutton $w.types.trck_r \
+		-text [mc "Tracking Branch"] \
+		-value trck \
+		-variable @revtype
+	pack $w.types.trck_r -side left
+	radiobutton $w.types.tag_r \
+		-text [mc "Tag"] \
+		-value tag \
+		-variable @revtype
+	pack $w.types.tag_r -side left
+	set w_filter $w.types.filter
+	entry $w_filter \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 12 \
+		-textvariable @filter \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand [cb _filter %P]
+	pack $w_filter -side right
+	pack [label $w.types.filter_icon \
+		-image ::choose_rev::img_find \
+		] -side right
+	grid $w.types -sticky we -padx {0 5} -columnspan 2
+
+	frame $w.list
+	set w_list $w.list.l
+	listbox $w_list \
+		-font font_diff \
+		-width 50 \
+		-height 10 \
+		-selectmode browse \
+		-exportselection false \
+		-xscrollcommand [cb _sb_set $w.list.sbx h] \
+		-yscrollcommand [cb _sb_set $w.list.sby v]
+	pack $w_list -fill both -expand 1
+	grid $w.list -sticky nswe -padx {20 5} -columnspan 2
+	bind $w_list <Any-Motion>  [cb _show_tooltip @%x,%y]
+	bind $w_list <Any-Enter>   [cb _hide_tooltip]
+	bind $w_list <Any-Leave>   [cb _hide_tooltip]
+	bind $w_list <Destroy>     [cb _hide_tooltip]
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w 1 -weight 1
+	if {$is_detached} {
+		grid rowconfigure $w 3 -weight 1
+	} else {
+		grid rowconfigure $w 2 -weight 1
+	}
+
+	trace add variable @revtype write [cb _select]
+	bind $w_filter <Key-Return> [list focus $w_list]\;break
+	bind $w_filter <Key-Down>   [list focus $w_list]
+
+	set fmt list
+	append fmt { %(refname)}
+	append fmt { [list}
+	append fmt { %(objecttype)}
+	append fmt { %(objectname)}
+	append fmt { [concat %(taggername) %(authorname)]}
+	append fmt { [reformat_date [concat %(taggerdate) %(authordate)]]}
+	append fmt { %(subject)}
+	append fmt {] [list}
+	append fmt { %(*objecttype)}
+	append fmt { %(*objectname)}
+	append fmt { %(*authorname)}
+	append fmt { [reformat_date %(*authordate)]}
+	append fmt { %(*subject)}
+	append fmt {]}
+	set all_refn [list]
+	set fr_fd [git_read for-each-ref \
+		--tcl \
+		--sort=-taggerdate \
+		--format=$fmt \
+		refs/heads \
+		refs/remotes \
+		refs/tags \
+		]
+	fconfigure $fr_fd -translation lf -encoding utf-8
+	while {[gets $fr_fd line] > 0} {
+		set line [eval $line]
+		if {[lindex $line 1 0] eq {tag}} {
+			if {[lindex $line 2 0] eq {commit}} {
+				set sha1 [lindex $line 2 1]
+			} else {
+				continue
+			}
+		} elseif {[lindex $line 1 0] eq {commit}} {
+			set sha1 [lindex $line 1 1]
+		} else {
+			continue
+		}
+		set refn [lindex $line 0]
+		set tip_data($refn) [lrange $line 1 end]
+		lappend cmt_refn($sha1) $refn
+		lappend all_refn $refn
+	}
+	close $fr_fd
+
+	if {$unmerged_only} {
+		set fr_fd [git_read rev-list --all ^$::HEAD]
+		while {[gets $fr_fd sha1] > 0} {
+			if {[catch {set rlst $cmt_refn($sha1)}]} continue
+			foreach refn $rlst {
+				set inc($refn) 1
+			}
+		}
+		close $fr_fd
+	} else {
+		foreach refn $all_refn {
+			set inc($refn) 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	set spec_head [list]
+	foreach name [load_all_heads] {
+		set refn refs/heads/$name
+		if {[info exists inc($refn)]} {
+			lappend spec_head [list $name $refn]
+		}
+	}
+
+	set spec_trck [list]
+	foreach spec [all_tracking_branches] {
+		set refn [lindex $spec 0]
+		if {[info exists inc($refn)]} {
+			regsub ^refs/(heads|remotes)/ $refn {} name
+			lappend spec_trck [concat $name $spec]
+		}
+	}
+
+	set spec_tag [list]
+	foreach name [load_all_tags] {
+		set refn refs/tags/$name
+		if {[info exists inc($refn)]} {
+			lappend spec_tag [list $name $refn]
+		}
+	}
+
+		  if {$is_detached}             { set revtype HEAD
+	} elseif {[llength $spec_head] > 0} { set revtype head
+	} elseif {[llength $spec_trck] > 0} { set revtype trck
+	} elseif {[llength $spec_tag ] > 0} { set revtype tag
+	} else {                              set revtype expr
+	}
+
+	if {$revtype eq {head} && $current_branch ne {}} {
+		set i 0
+		foreach spec $spec_head {
+			if {[lindex $spec 0] eq $current_branch} {
+				$w_list selection clear 0 end
+				$w_list selection set $i
+				break
+			}
+			incr i
+		}
+	}
+
+	return $this
+}
+
+method none {text} {
+	if {![winfo exists $w.none_r]} {
+		radiobutton $w.none_r \
+			-anchor w \
+			-value none \
+			-variable @revtype
+		grid $w.none_r -sticky we -padx {0 5} -columnspan 2
+	}
+	$w.none_r configure -text $text
+}
+
+method get {} {
+	switch -- $revtype {
+	head -
+	trck -
+	tag  {
+		set i [$w_list curselection]
+		if {$i ne {}} {
+			return [lindex $cur_specs $i 0]
+		} else {
+			return {}
+		}
+	}
+
+	HEAD { return HEAD                     }
+	expr { return $c_expr                  }
+	none { return {}                       }
+	default { error "unknown type of revision" }
+	}
+}
+
+method pick_tracking_branch {} {
+	set revtype trck
+}
+
+method focus_filter {} {
+	if {[$w_filter cget -state] eq {normal}} {
+		focus $w_filter
+	}
+}
+
+method bind_listbox {event script}  {
+	bind $w_list $event $script
+}
+
+method get_local_branch {} {
+	if {$revtype eq {head}} {
+		return [_expr $this]
+	} else {
+		return {}
+	}
+}
+
+method get_tracking_branch {} {
+	set i [$w_list curselection]
+	if {$i eq {} || $revtype ne {trck}} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	return [lrange [lindex $cur_specs $i] 1 end]
+}
+
+method get_commit {} {
+	set e [_expr $this]
+	if {$e eq {}} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	return [git rev-parse --verify "$e^0"]
+}
+
+method commit_or_die {} {
+	if {[catch {set new [get_commit $this]} err]} {
+
+		# Cleanup the not-so-friendly error from rev-parse.
+		#
+		regsub {^fatal:\s*} $err {} err
+		if {$err eq {Needed a single revision}} {
+			set err {}
+		}
+
+		set top [winfo toplevel $w]
+		set msg [strcat [mc "Invalid revision: %s" [get $this]] "\n\n$err"]
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $top] \
+			-parent $top \
+			-message $msg
+		error $msg
+	}
+	return $new
+}
+
+method _expr {} {
+	switch -- $revtype {
+	head -
+	trck -
+	tag  {
+		set i [$w_list curselection]
+		if {$i ne {}} {
+			return [lindex $cur_specs $i 1]
+		} else {
+			error [mc "No revision selected."]
+		}
+	}
+
+	expr {
+		if {$c_expr ne {}} {
+			return $c_expr
+		} else {
+			error [mc "Revision expression is empty."]
+		}
+	}
+	HEAD { return HEAD                     }
+	none { return {}                       }
+	default { error "unknown type of revision"      }
+	}
+}
+
+method _validate {d S} {
+	if {$d == 1} {
+		if {[regexp {\s} $S]} {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if {[string length $S] > 0} {
+			set revtype expr
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _filter {P} {
+	if {[regexp {\s} $P]} {
+		return 0
+	}
+	_rebuild $this $P
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _select {args} {
+	_rebuild $this $filter
+	focus_filter $this
+}
+
+method _rebuild {pat} {
+	set ste normal
+	switch -- $revtype {
+	head { set new $spec_head }
+	trck { set new $spec_trck }
+	tag  { set new $spec_tag  }
+	expr -
+	HEAD -
+	none {
+		set new [list]
+		set ste disabled
+	}
+	}
+
+	if {[$w_list cget -state] eq {disabled}} {
+		$w_list configure -state normal
+	}
+	$w_list delete 0 end
+
+	if {$pat ne {}} {
+		set pat *${pat}*
+	}
+	set cur_specs [list]
+	foreach spec $new {
+		set txt [lindex $spec 0]
+		if {$pat eq {} || [string match $pat $txt]} {
+			lappend cur_specs $spec
+			$w_list insert end $txt
+		}
+	}
+	if {$cur_specs ne {}} {
+		$w_list selection clear 0 end
+		$w_list selection set 0
+	}
+
+	if {[$w_filter cget -state] ne $ste} {
+		$w_list   configure -state $ste
+		$w_filter configure -state $ste
+	}
+}
+
+method _delete {current} {
+	if {$current eq $w} {
+		delete_this
+	}
+}
+
+method _sb_set {sb orient first last} {
+	set old_focus [focus -lastfor $w]
+
+	if {$first == 0 && $last == 1} {
+		if {[winfo exists $sb]} {
+			destroy $sb
+			if {$old_focus ne {}} {
+				update
+				focus $old_focus
+			}
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {![winfo exists $sb]} {
+		if {$orient eq {h}} {
+			scrollbar $sb -orient h -command [list $w_list xview]
+			pack $sb -fill x -side bottom -before $w_list
+		} else {
+			scrollbar $sb -orient v -command [list $w_list yview]
+			pack $sb -fill y -side right -before $w_list
+		}
+		if {$old_focus ne {}} {
+			update
+			focus $old_focus
+		}
+	}
+
+	catch {$sb set $first $last}
+}
+
+method _show_tooltip {pos} {
+	if {$tooltip_wm ne {}} {
+		_open_tooltip $this
+	} elseif {$tooltip_timer eq {}} {
+		set tooltip_timer [after 1000 [cb _open_tooltip]]
+	}
+}
+
+method _open_tooltip {} {
+	global remote_url
+
+	set tooltip_timer {}
+	set pos_x [winfo pointerx $w_list]
+	set pos_y [winfo pointery $w_list]
+	if {[winfo containing $pos_x $pos_y] ne $w_list} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	set pos @[join [list \
+		[expr {$pos_x - [winfo rootx $w_list]}] \
+		[expr {$pos_y - [winfo rooty $w_list]}]] ,]
+	set lno [$w_list index $pos]
+	if {$lno eq {}} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	set spec [lindex $cur_specs $lno]
+	set refn [lindex $spec 1]
+	if {$refn eq {}} {
+		_hide_tooltip $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$tooltip_wm eq {}} {
+		set tooltip_wm [toplevel $w_list.tooltip -borderwidth 1]
+		wm overrideredirect $tooltip_wm 1
+		wm transient $tooltip_wm [winfo toplevel $w_list]
+		set tooltip_t $tooltip_wm.label
+		text $tooltip_t \
+			-takefocus 0 \
+			-highlightthickness 0 \
+			-relief flat \
+			-borderwidth 0 \
+			-wrap none \
+			-background lightyellow \
+			-foreground black
+		$tooltip_t tag conf section_header -font font_uibold
+		bind $tooltip_wm <Escape> [cb _hide_tooltip]
+		pack $tooltip_t
+	} else {
+		$tooltip_t conf -state normal
+		$tooltip_t delete 0.0 end
+	}
+
+	set data $tip_data($refn)
+	if {[lindex $data 0 0] eq {tag}} {
+		set tag  [lindex $data 0]
+		if {[lindex $data 1 0] eq {commit}} {
+			set cmit [lindex $data 1]
+		} else {
+			set cmit {}
+		}
+	} elseif {[lindex $data 0 0] eq {commit}} {
+		set tag  {}
+		set cmit [lindex $data 0]
+	}
+
+	$tooltip_t insert end [lindex $spec 0]
+	set last [_reflog_last $this [lindex $spec 1]]
+	if {$last ne {}} {
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "Updated"]
+		$tooltip_t insert end " $last"
+	}
+	$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+
+	if {$tag ne {}} {
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "Tag"] section_header
+		$tooltip_t insert end "  [lindex $tag 1]\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [lindex $tag 2]
+		$tooltip_t insert end " ([lindex $tag 3])\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [lindex $tag 4]
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+	}
+
+	if {$cmit ne {}} {
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "Commit@@noun"] section_header
+		$tooltip_t insert end "  [lindex $cmit 1]\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [lindex $cmit 2]
+		$tooltip_t insert end " ([lindex $cmit 3])\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [lindex $cmit 4]
+	}
+
+	if {[llength $spec] > 2} {
+		$tooltip_t insert end "\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "Remote"] section_header
+		$tooltip_t insert end "  [lindex $spec 2]\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "URL"]
+		$tooltip_t insert end " $remote_url([lindex $spec 2])\n"
+		$tooltip_t insert end [mc "Branch"]
+		$tooltip_t insert end " [lindex $spec 3]"
+	}
+
+	$tooltip_t conf -state disabled
+	_position_tooltip $this
+}
+
+method _reflog_last {name} {
+	if {[info exists reflog_last($name)]} {
+		return reflog_last($name)
+	}
+
+	set last {}
+	if {[catch {set last [file mtime [gitdir $name]]}]
+	&& ![catch {set g [open [gitdir logs $name] r]}]} {
+		fconfigure $g -translation binary
+		while {[gets $g line] >= 0} {
+			if {[regexp {> ([1-9][0-9]*) } $line line when]} {
+				set last $when
+			}
+		}
+		close $g
+	}
+
+	if {$last ne {}} {
+		set last [format_date $last]
+	}
+	set reflog_last($name) $last
+	return $last
+}
+
+method _position_tooltip {} {
+	set max_h [lindex [split [$tooltip_t index end] .] 0]
+	set max_w 0
+	for {set i 1} {$i <= $max_h} {incr i} {
+		set c [lindex [split [$tooltip_t index "$i.0 lineend"] .] 1]
+		if {$c > $max_w} {set max_w $c}
+	}
+	$tooltip_t conf -width $max_w -height $max_h
+
+	set req_w [winfo reqwidth  $tooltip_t]
+	set req_h [winfo reqheight $tooltip_t]
+	set pos_x [expr {[winfo pointerx .] +  5}]
+	set pos_y [expr {[winfo pointery .] + 10}]
+
+	set g "${req_w}x${req_h}"
+	if {$pos_x >= 0} {append g +}
+	append g $pos_x
+	if {$pos_y >= 0} {append g +}
+	append g $pos_y
+
+	wm geometry $tooltip_wm $g
+	raise $tooltip_wm
+}
+
+method _hide_tooltip {} {
+	if {$tooltip_wm ne {}} {
+		destroy $tooltip_wm
+		set tooltip_wm {}
+	}
+	if {$tooltip_timer ne {}} {
+		after cancel $tooltip_timer
+		set tooltip_timer {}
+	}
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/class.tcl b/git-gui/lib/class.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc2141192a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/class.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# git-gui simple class/object fake-alike
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc class {class body} {
+	if {[namespace exists $class]} {
+		error "class $class already declared"
+	}
+	namespace eval $class "
+		variable __nextid     0
+		variable __sealed     0
+		variable __field_list {}
+		variable __field_array
+
+		proc cb {name args} {
+			upvar this this
+			concat \[list ${class}::\$name \$this\] \$args
+		}
+	"
+	namespace eval $class $body
+}
+
+proc field {name args} {
+	set class [uplevel {namespace current}]
+	variable ${class}::__sealed
+	variable ${class}::__field_array
+
+	switch [llength $args] {
+	0 { set new [list $name] }
+	1 { set new [list $name [lindex $args 0]] }
+	default { error "wrong # args: field name value?" }
+	}
+
+	if {$__sealed} {
+		error "class $class is sealed (cannot add new fields)"
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {set old $__field_array($name)}]} {
+		variable ${class}::__field_list
+		lappend __field_list $new
+		set __field_array($name) 1
+	} else {
+		error "field $name already declared"
+	}
+}
+
+proc constructor {name params body} {
+	set class [uplevel {namespace current}]
+	set ${class}::__sealed 1
+	variable ${class}::__field_list
+	set mbodyc {}
+
+	append mbodyc {set this } $class
+	append mbodyc {::__o[incr } $class {::__nextid]::__d} \;
+	append mbodyc {create_this } $class \;
+	append mbodyc {set __this [namespace qualifiers $this]} \;
+
+	if {$__field_list ne {}} {
+		append mbodyc {upvar #0}
+		foreach n $__field_list {
+			set n [lindex $n 0]
+			append mbodyc { ${__this}::} $n { } $n
+			regsub -all @$n\\M $body "\${__this}::$n" body
+		}
+		append mbodyc \;
+		foreach n $__field_list {
+			if {[llength $n] == 2} {
+				append mbodyc \
+				{set } [lindex $n 0] { } [list [lindex $n 1]] \;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	append mbodyc $body
+	namespace eval $class [list proc $name $params $mbodyc]
+}
+
+proc method {name params body {deleted {}} {del_body {}}} {
+	set class [uplevel {namespace current}]
+	set ${class}::__sealed 1
+	variable ${class}::__field_list
+	set params [linsert $params 0 this]
+	set mbodyc {}
+
+	append mbodyc {set __this [namespace qualifiers $this]} \;
+
+	switch $deleted {
+	{} {}
+	ifdeleted {
+		append mbodyc {if {![namespace exists $__this]} }
+		append mbodyc \{ $del_body \; return \} \;
+	}
+	default {
+		error "wrong # args: method name args body (ifdeleted body)?"
+	}
+	}
+
+	set decl {}
+	foreach n $__field_list {
+		set n [lindex $n 0]
+		if {[regexp -- $n\\M $body]} {
+			if {   [regexp -all -- $n\\M $body] == 1
+				&& [regexp -all -- \\\$$n\\M $body] == 1
+				&& [regexp -all -- \\\$$n\\( $body] == 0} {
+				regsub -all \
+					\\\$$n\\M $body \
+					"\[set \${__this}::$n\]" body
+			} else {
+				append decl { ${__this}::} $n { } $n
+				regsub -all @$n\\M $body "\${__this}::$n" body
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if {$decl ne {}} {
+		append mbodyc {upvar #0} $decl \;
+	}
+	append mbodyc $body
+	namespace eval $class [list proc $name $params $mbodyc]
+}
+
+proc create_this {class} {
+	upvar this this
+	namespace eval [namespace qualifiers $this] [list proc \
+		[namespace tail $this] \
+		[list name args] \
+		"eval \[list ${class}::\$name $this\] \$args" \
+	]
+}
+
+proc delete_this {{t {}}} {
+	if {$t eq {}} {
+		upvar this this
+		set t $this
+	}
+	set t [namespace qualifiers $t]
+	if {[namespace exists $t]} {namespace delete $t}
+}
+
+proc make_toplevel {t w args} {
+	upvar $t top $w pfx this this
+
+	if {[llength $args] % 2} {
+		error "make_toplevel topvar winvar {options}"
+	}
+	set autodelete 1
+	foreach {name value} $args {
+		switch -exact -- $name {
+		-autodelete {set autodelete $value}
+		default     {error "unsupported option $name"}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$::root_exists || [winfo ismapped .]} {
+		regsub -all {::} $this {__} w
+		set top .$w
+		set pfx $top
+		toplevel $top
+		set ::root_exists 1
+	} else {
+		set top .
+		set pfx {}
+	}
+
+	if {$autodelete} {
+		wm protocol $top WM_DELETE_WINDOW "
+			[list delete_this $this]
+			[list destroy $top]
+		"
+	}
+}
+
+
+## auto_mkindex support for class/constructor/method
+##
+auto_mkindex_parser::command class {name body} {
+	variable parser
+	variable contextStack
+	set contextStack [linsert $contextStack 0 $name]
+	$parser eval [list _%@namespace eval $name] $body
+	set contextStack [lrange $contextStack 1 end]
+}
+auto_mkindex_parser::command constructor {name args} {
+	variable index
+	variable scriptFile
+	append index [list set auto_index([fullname $name])] \
+		[format { [list source [file join $dir %s]]} \
+		[file split $scriptFile]] "\n"
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f459cd564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,485 @@
+# git-gui misc. commit reading/writing support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc load_last_commit {} {
+	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type ui_comm
+	global repo_config
+
+	if {[llength $PARENT] == 0} {
+		error_popup [mc "There is nothing to amend.
+
+You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this to amend.
+"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
+	if {$curType eq {merge}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Cannot amend while merging.
+
+You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the current merge activity.
+"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	set msg {}
+	set parents [list]
+	if {[catch {
+			set fd [git_read cat-file commit $curHEAD]
+			fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
+			# By default commits are assumed to be in utf-8
+			set enc utf-8
+			while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+				if {[string match {parent *} $line]} {
+					lappend parents [string range $line 7 end]
+				} elseif {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
+					set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
+				}
+			}
+			set msg [read $fd]
+			close $fd
+
+			set enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+			if {$enc ne {}} {
+				set msg [encoding convertfrom $enc $msg]
+			}
+			set msg [string trim $msg]
+		} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Error loading commit data for amend:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	set HEAD $curHEAD
+	set PARENT $parents
+	set MERGE_HEAD [list]
+	switch -- [llength $parents] {
+	0       {set commit_type amend-initial}
+	1       {set commit_type amend}
+	default {set commit_type amend-merge}
+	}
+
+	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+	$ui_comm insert end $msg
+	$ui_comm edit reset
+	$ui_comm edit modified false
+	rescan ui_ready
+}
+
+set GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT {}
+
+proc committer_ident {} {
+	global GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
+
+	if {$GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT eq {}} {
+		if {[catch {set me [git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT]} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Unable to obtain your identity:"] "\n\n$err"]
+			return {}
+		}
+		if {![regexp {^(.*) [0-9]+ [-+0-9]+$} \
+			$me me GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"] "\n\n$me"]
+			return {}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return $GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
+}
+
+proc do_signoff {} {
+	global ui_comm
+
+	set me [committer_ident]
+	if {$me eq {}} return
+
+	set sob "Signed-off-by: $me"
+	set last [$ui_comm get {end -1c linestart} {end -1c}]
+	if {$last ne $sob} {
+		$ui_comm edit separator
+		if {$last ne {}
+			&& ![regexp {^[A-Z][A-Za-z]*-[A-Za-z-]+: *} $last]} {
+			$ui_comm insert end "\n"
+		}
+		$ui_comm insert end "\n$sob"
+		$ui_comm edit separator
+		$ui_comm see end
+	}
+}
+
+proc create_new_commit {} {
+	global commit_type ui_comm
+
+	set commit_type normal
+	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+	$ui_comm edit reset
+	$ui_comm edit modified false
+	rescan ui_ready
+}
+
+proc setup_commit_encoding {msg_wt {quiet 0}} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
+		set enc utf-8
+	}
+	set use_enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+	if {$use_enc ne {}} {
+		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding $use_enc
+	} else {
+		if {!$quiet} {
+			error_popup [mc "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'." $enc]
+		}
+		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding utf-8
+	}
+}
+
+proc commit_tree {} {
+	global HEAD commit_type file_states ui_comm repo_config
+	global pch_error
+
+	if {[committer_ident] eq {}} return
+	if {![lock_index update]} return
+
+	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
+	#
+	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
+	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]
+		&& $curType eq {normal}
+		&& $curHEAD eq $HEAD} {
+	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
+		info_popup [mc "Last scanned state does not match repository state.
+
+Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.
+
+The rescan will be automatically started now.
+"]
+		unlock_index
+		rescan ui_ready
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- At least one file should differ in the index.
+	#
+	set files_ready 0
+	foreach path [array names file_states] {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		_? {continue}
+		A? -
+		D? -
+		T_ -
+		M? {set files_ready 1}
+		_U -
+		U? {
+			error_popup [mc "Unmerged files cannot be committed.
+
+File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file before committing.
+" [short_path $path]]
+			unlock_index
+			return
+		}
+		default {
+			error_popup [mc "Unknown file state %s detected.
+
+File %s cannot be committed by this program.
+" [lindex $s 0] [short_path $path]]
+		}
+		}
+	}
+	if {!$files_ready && ![string match *merge $curType] && ![is_enabled nocommit]} {
+		info_popup [mc "No changes to commit.
+
+You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.
+"]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[is_enabled nocommitmsg]} { do_quit 0 }
+
+	# -- A message is required.
+	#
+	set msg [string trim [$ui_comm get 1.0 end]]
+	regsub -all -line {[ \t\r]+$} $msg {} msg
+	if {$msg eq {}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Please supply a commit message.
+
+A good commit message has the following format:
+
+- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.
+- Second line: Blank
+- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.
+"]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- Build the message file.
+	#
+	set msg_p [gitdir GITGUI_EDITMSG]
+	set msg_wt [open $msg_p w]
+	fconfigure $msg_wt -translation lf
+	setup_commit_encoding $msg_wt
+	puts $msg_wt $msg
+	close $msg_wt
+
+	if {[is_enabled nocommit]} { do_quit 0 }
+
+	# -- Run the pre-commit hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read pre-commit]
+	if {$fd_ph eq {}} {
+		commit_commitmsg $curHEAD $msg_p
+		return
+	}
+
+	ui_status [mc "Calling pre-commit hook..."]
+	set pch_error {}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+	fileevent $fd_ph readable \
+		[list commit_prehook_wait $fd_ph $curHEAD $msg_p]
+}
+
+proc commit_prehook_wait {fd_ph curHEAD msg_p} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			catch {file delete $msg_p}
+			ui_status [mc "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."]
+			hook_failed_popup pre-commit $pch_error
+			unlock_index
+		} else {
+			commit_commitmsg $curHEAD $msg_p
+		}
+		set pch_error {}
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
+
+proc commit_commitmsg {curHEAD msg_p} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	# -- Run the commit-msg hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read commit-msg $msg_p]
+	if {$fd_ph eq {}} {
+		commit_writetree $curHEAD $msg_p
+		return
+	}
+
+	ui_status [mc "Calling commit-msg hook..."]
+	set pch_error {}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+	fileevent $fd_ph readable \
+		[list commit_commitmsg_wait $fd_ph $curHEAD $msg_p]
+}
+
+proc commit_commitmsg_wait {fd_ph curHEAD msg_p} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			catch {file delete $msg_p}
+			ui_status [mc "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."]
+			hook_failed_popup commit-msg $pch_error
+			unlock_index
+		} else {
+			commit_writetree $curHEAD $msg_p
+		}
+		set pch_error {}
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
+
+proc commit_writetree {curHEAD msg_p} {
+	ui_status [mc "Committing changes..."]
+	set fd_wt [git_read write-tree]
+	fileevent $fd_wt readable \
+		[list commit_committree $fd_wt $curHEAD $msg_p]
+}
+
+proc commit_committree {fd_wt curHEAD msg_p} {
+	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type
+	global current_branch
+	global ui_comm selected_commit_type
+	global file_states selected_paths rescan_active
+	global repo_config
+
+	gets $fd_wt tree_id
+	if {[catch {close $fd_wt} err]} {
+		catch {file delete $msg_p}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "write-tree failed:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		ui_status [mc "Commit failed."]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- Verify this wasn't an empty change.
+	#
+	if {$commit_type eq {normal}} {
+		set fd_ot [git_read cat-file commit $PARENT]
+		fconfigure $fd_ot -encoding binary -translation lf
+		set old_tree [gets $fd_ot]
+		close $fd_ot
+
+		if {[string equal -length 5 {tree } $old_tree]
+			&& [string length $old_tree] == 45} {
+			set old_tree [string range $old_tree 5 end]
+		} else {
+			error [mc "Commit %s appears to be corrupt" $PARENT]
+		}
+
+		if {$tree_id eq $old_tree} {
+			catch {file delete $msg_p}
+			info_popup [mc "No changes to commit.
+
+No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.
+
+A rescan will be automatically started now.
+"]
+			unlock_index
+			rescan {ui_status [mc "No changes to commit."]}
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	# -- Create the commit.
+	#
+	set cmd [list commit-tree $tree_id]
+	foreach p [concat $PARENT $MERGE_HEAD] {
+		lappend cmd -p $p
+	}
+	lappend cmd <$msg_p
+	if {[catch {set cmt_id [eval git $cmd]} err]} {
+		catch {file delete $msg_p}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "commit-tree failed:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		ui_status [mc "Commit failed."]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- Update the HEAD ref.
+	#
+	set reflogm commit
+	if {$commit_type ne {normal}} {
+		append reflogm " ($commit_type)"
+	}
+	set msg_fd [open $msg_p r]
+	setup_commit_encoding $msg_fd 1
+	gets $msg_fd subject
+	close $msg_fd
+	append reflogm {: } $subject
+	if {[catch {
+			git update-ref -m $reflogm HEAD $cmt_id $curHEAD
+		} err]} {
+		catch {file delete $msg_p}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "update-ref failed:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		ui_status [mc "Commit failed."]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	# -- Cleanup after ourselves.
+	#
+	catch {file delete $msg_p}
+	catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_HEAD]}
+	catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_MSG]}
+	catch {file delete [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]}
+	catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
+
+	# -- Let rerere do its thing.
+	#
+	if {[get_config rerere.enabled] eq {}} {
+		set rerere [file isdirectory [gitdir rr-cache]]
+	} else {
+		set rerere [is_config_true rerere.enabled]
+	}
+	if {$rerere} {
+		catch {git rerere}
+	}
+
+	# -- Run the post-commit hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read post-commit]
+	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
+		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+		fileevent $fd_ph readable \
+			[list commit_postcommit_wait $fd_ph $cmt_id]
+	}
+
+	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+	$ui_comm edit reset
+	$ui_comm edit modified false
+	if {$::GITGUI_BCK_exists} {
+		catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_BCK]}
+		set ::GITGUI_BCK_exists 0
+	}
+
+	if {[is_enabled singlecommit]} { do_quit 0 }
+
+	# -- Update in memory status
+	#
+	set selected_commit_type new
+	set commit_type normal
+	set HEAD $cmt_id
+	set PARENT $cmt_id
+	set MERGE_HEAD [list]
+
+	foreach path [array names file_states] {
+		set s $file_states($path)
+		set m [lindex $s 0]
+		switch -glob -- $m {
+		_O -
+		_M -
+		_D {continue}
+		__ -
+		A_ -
+		M_ -
+		T_ -
+		D_ {
+			unset file_states($path)
+			catch {unset selected_paths($path)}
+		}
+		DO {
+			set file_states($path) [list _O [lindex $s 1] {} {}]
+		}
+		AM -
+		AD -
+		MM -
+		MD {
+			set file_states($path) [list \
+				_[string index $m 1] \
+				[lindex $s 1] \
+				[lindex $s 3] \
+				{}]
+		}
+		}
+	}
+
+	display_all_files
+	unlock_index
+	reshow_diff
+	ui_status [mc "Created commit %s: %s" [string range $cmt_id 0 7] $subject]
+}
+
+proc commit_postcommit_wait {fd_ph cmt_id} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			hook_failed_popup post-commit $pch_error 0
+		}
+		unset pch_error
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/console.tcl b/git-gui/lib/console.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c112464ec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/console.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+# git-gui console support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class console {
+
+field t_short
+field t_long
+field w
+field w_t
+field console_cr
+field is_toplevel    1; # are we our own window?
+
+constructor new {short_title long_title} {
+	set t_short $short_title
+	set t_long $long_title
+	_init $this
+	return $this
+}
+
+constructor embed {path title} {
+	set t_short {}
+	set t_long $title
+	set w $path
+	set is_toplevel 0
+	_init $this
+	return $this
+}
+
+method _init {} {
+	global M1B
+
+	if {$is_toplevel} {
+		make_toplevel top w -autodelete 0
+		wm title $top "[appname] ([reponame]): $t_short"
+	} else {
+		frame $w
+	}
+
+	set console_cr 1.0
+	set w_t $w.m.t
+
+	frame $w.m
+	label $w.m.l1 \
+		-textvariable @t_long  \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-font font_uibold
+	text $w_t \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 80 -height 10 \
+		-wrap none \
+		-font font_diff \
+		-state disabled \
+		-xscrollcommand [cb _sb_set $w.m.sbx h] \
+		-yscrollcommand [cb _sb_set $w.m.sby v]
+	label $w.m.s -text [mc "Working... please wait..."] \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-font font_uibold
+	pack $w.m.l1 -side top -fill x
+	pack $w.m.s -side bottom -fill x
+	pack $w_t -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.m -side top -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 10
+
+	menu $w.ctxm -tearoff 0
+	$w.ctxm add command -label [mc "Copy"] \
+		-command "tk_textCopy $w_t"
+	$w.ctxm add command -label [mc "Select All"] \
+		-command "focus $w_t;$w_t tag add sel 0.0 end"
+	$w.ctxm add command -label [mc "Copy All"] \
+		-command "
+			$w_t tag add sel 0.0 end
+			tk_textCopy $w_t
+			$w_t tag remove sel 0.0 end
+		"
+
+	if {$is_toplevel} {
+		button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] \
+			-state disabled \
+			-command [list destroy $w]
+		pack $w.ok -side bottom -anchor e -pady 10 -padx 10
+		bind $w <Visibility> [list focus $w]
+	}
+
+	bind_button3 $w_t "tk_popup $w.ctxm %X %Y"
+	bind $w_t <$M1B-Key-a> "$w_t tag add sel 0.0 end;break"
+	bind $w_t <$M1B-Key-A> "$w_t tag add sel 0.0 end;break"
+}
+
+method exec {cmd {after {}}} {
+	if {[lindex $cmd 0] eq {git}} {
+		set fd_f [eval git_read --stderr [lrange $cmd 1 end]]
+	} else {
+		lappend cmd 2>@1
+		set fd_f [_open_stdout_stderr $cmd]
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_f -blocking 0 -translation binary
+	fileevent $fd_f readable [cb _read $fd_f $after]
+}
+
+method _read {fd after} {
+	set buf [read $fd]
+	if {$buf ne {}} {
+		if {![winfo exists $w_t]} {_init $this}
+		$w_t conf -state normal
+		set c 0
+		set n [string length $buf]
+		while {$c < $n} {
+			set cr [string first "\r" $buf $c]
+			set lf [string first "\n" $buf $c]
+			if {$cr < 0} {set cr [expr {$n + 1}]}
+			if {$lf < 0} {set lf [expr {$n + 1}]}
+
+			if {$lf < $cr} {
+				$w_t insert end [string range $buf $c $lf]
+				set console_cr [$w_t index {end -1c}]
+				set c $lf
+				incr c
+			} else {
+				$w_t delete $console_cr end
+				$w_t insert end "\n"
+				$w_t insert end [string range $buf $c [expr {$cr - 1}]]
+				set c $cr
+				incr c
+			}
+		}
+		$w_t conf -state disabled
+		$w_t see end
+	}
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd}]} {
+			set ok 0
+		} else {
+			set ok 1
+		}
+		if {$after ne {}} {
+			uplevel #0 $after $ok
+		} else {
+			done $this $ok
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+}
+
+method chain {cmdlist {ok 1}} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		if {[llength $cmdlist] == 0} {
+			done $this $ok
+			return
+		}
+
+		set cmd [lindex $cmdlist 0]
+		set cmdlist [lrange $cmdlist 1 end]
+
+		if {[lindex $cmd 0] eq {exec}} {
+			exec $this \
+				[lrange $cmd 1 end] \
+				[cb chain $cmdlist]
+		} else {
+			uplevel #0 $cmd [cb chain $cmdlist]
+		}
+	} else {
+		done $this $ok
+	}
+}
+
+method insert {txt} {
+	if {![winfo exists $w_t]} {_init $this}
+	$w_t conf -state normal
+	$w_t insert end "$txt\n"
+	set console_cr [$w_t index {end -1c}]
+	$w_t conf -state disabled
+}
+
+method done {ok} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		if {[winfo exists $w.m.s]} {
+			bind $w.m.s <Destroy> [list delete_this $this]
+			$w.m.s conf -background green -foreground black \
+				-text [mc "Success"]
+			if {$is_toplevel} {
+				$w.ok conf -state normal
+				focus $w.ok
+			}
+		} else {
+			delete_this
+		}
+	} else {
+		if {![winfo exists $w.m.s]} {
+			_init $this
+		}
+		bind $w.m.s <Destroy> [list delete_this $this]
+		$w.m.s conf -background red -foreground black \
+			-text [mc "Error: Command Failed"]
+		if {$is_toplevel} {
+			$w.ok conf -state normal
+			focus $w.ok
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method _sb_set {sb orient first last} {
+	if {![winfo exists $sb]} {
+		if {$first == $last || ($first == 0 && $last == 1)} return
+		if {$orient eq {h}} {
+			scrollbar $sb -orient h -command [list $w_t xview]
+			pack $sb -fill x -side bottom -before $w_t
+		} else {
+			scrollbar $sb -orient v -command [list $w_t yview]
+			pack $sb -fill y -side right -before $w_t
+		}
+	}
+	$sb set $first $last
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/database.tcl b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a18ac8b430
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# git-gui object database management support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc do_stats {} {
+	set fd [git_read count-objects -v]
+	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
+		if {[regexp {^([^:]+): (\d+)$} $line _ name value]} {
+			set stats($name) $value
+		}
+	}
+	close $fd
+
+	set packed_sz 0
+	foreach p [glob -directory [gitdir objects pack] \
+		-type f \
+		-nocomplain -- *] {
+		incr packed_sz [file size $p]
+	}
+	if {$packed_sz > 0} {
+		set stats(size-pack) [expr {$packed_sz / 1024}]
+	}
+
+	set w .stats_view
+	toplevel $w
+	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Database Statistics"]
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons -border 1
+	button $w.buttons.close -text [mc Close] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	button $w.buttons.gc -text [mc "Compress Database"] \
+		-default normal \
+		-command "destroy $w;do_gc"
+	pack $w.buttons.close -side right
+	pack $w.buttons.gc -side left
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	frame $w.stat -borderwidth 1 -relief solid
+	foreach s {
+		{count           {mc "Number of loose objects"}}
+		{size            {mc "Disk space used by loose objects"} { KiB}}
+		{in-pack         {mc "Number of packed objects"}}
+		{packs           {mc "Number of packs"}}
+		{size-pack       {mc "Disk space used by packed objects"} { KiB}}
+		{prune-packable  {mc "Packed objects waiting for pruning"}}
+		{garbage         {mc "Garbage files"}}
+		} {
+		set name [lindex $s 0]
+		set label [eval [lindex $s 1]]
+		if {[catch {set value $stats($name)}]} continue
+		if {[llength $s] > 2} {
+			set value "$value[lindex $s 2]"
+		}
+
+		label $w.stat.l_$name -text "$label:" -anchor w
+		label $w.stat.v_$name -text $value -anchor w
+		grid $w.stat.l_$name $w.stat.v_$name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+	}
+	pack $w.stat -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.close"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [list destroy $w]
+	wm title $w [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Database Statistics"]]
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+proc do_gc {} {
+	set w [console::new {gc} [mc "Compressing the object database"]]
+	console::chain $w {
+		{exec git pack-refs --prune}
+		{exec git reflog expire --all}
+		{exec git repack -a -d -l}
+		{exec git rerere gc}
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_fsck_objects {} {
+	set w [console::new {fsck-objects} \
+		[mc "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"]]
+	set cmd [list git fsck-objects]
+	lappend cmd --full
+	lappend cmd --cache
+	lappend cmd --strict
+	console::exec $w $cmd
+}
+
+proc hint_gc {} {
+	set object_limit 8
+	if {[is_Windows]} {
+		set object_limit 1
+	}
+
+	set objects_current [llength [glob \
+		-directory [gitdir objects 42] \
+		-nocomplain \
+		-tails \
+		-- \
+		*]]
+
+	if {$objects_current >= $object_limit} {
+		set objects_current [expr {$objects_current * 250}]
+		set object_limit    [expr {$object_limit    * 250}]
+		if {[ask_popup \
+			[mc "This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.
+
+To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress the database when more than %i loose objects exist.
+
+Compress the database now?" $objects_current $object_limit]] eq yes} {
+			do_gc
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/date.tcl b/git-gui/lib/date.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abe82992b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/date.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# git-gui date processing support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+set git_month(Jan)  1
+set git_month(Feb)  2
+set git_month(Mar)  3
+set git_month(Apr)  4
+set git_month(May)  5
+set git_month(Jun)  6
+set git_month(Jul)  7
+set git_month(Aug)  8
+set git_month(Sep)  9
+set git_month(Oct) 10
+set git_month(Nov) 11
+set git_month(Dec) 12
+
+proc parse_git_date {s} {
+	if {$s eq {}} {
+		return {}
+	}
+
+	if {![regexp \
+		{^... (...) (\d{1,2}) (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) (\d{4}) ([+-]?)(\d\d)(\d\d)$} $s s \
+		month day hr mm ss yr ew tz_h tz_m]} {
+		error [mc "Invalid date from Git: %s" $s]
+	}
+
+	set s [clock scan [format {%4.4i%2.2i%2.2iT%2s%2s%2s} \
+			$yr $::git_month($month) $day \
+			$hr $mm $ss] \
+			-gmt 1]
+
+	regsub ^0 $tz_h {} tz_h
+	regsub ^0 $tz_m {} tz_m
+	switch -- $ew {
+	-  {set ew +}
+	+  {set ew -}
+	{} {set ew -}
+	}
+
+	return [expr "$s $ew ($tz_h * 3600 + $tz_m * 60)"]
+}
+
+proc format_date {s} {
+	if {$s eq {}} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	return [clock format $s -format {%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y}]
+}
+
+proc reformat_date {s} {
+	return [format_date [parse_git_date $s]]
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..925b3f56c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+# git-gui diff viewer
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc clear_diff {} {
+	global ui_diff current_diff_path current_diff_header
+	global ui_index ui_workdir
+
+	$ui_diff conf -state normal
+	$ui_diff delete 0.0 end
+	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
+
+	set current_diff_path {}
+	set current_diff_header {}
+
+	$ui_index tag remove in_diff 0.0 end
+	$ui_workdir tag remove in_diff 0.0 end
+}
+
+proc reshow_diff {{after {}}} {
+	global file_states file_lists
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_side
+	global ui_diff
+
+	set p $current_diff_path
+	if {$p eq {}} {
+		# No diff is being shown.
+	} elseif {$current_diff_side eq {}} {
+		clear_diff
+	} elseif {[catch {set s $file_states($p)}]
+		|| [lsearch -sorted -exact $file_lists($current_diff_side) $p] == -1} {
+
+		if {[find_next_diff $current_diff_side $p {} {[^O]}]} {
+			next_diff $after
+		} else {
+			clear_diff
+		}
+	} else {
+		set save_pos [lindex [$ui_diff yview] 0]
+		show_diff $p $current_diff_side {} $save_pos $after
+	}
+}
+
+proc force_diff_encoding {enc} {
+	global current_diff_path
+	
+	if {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
+		force_path_encoding $current_diff_path $enc
+		reshow_diff
+	}
+}
+
+proc handle_empty_diff {} {
+	global current_diff_path file_states file_lists
+	global diff_empty_count
+
+	set path $current_diff_path
+	set s $file_states($path)
+	if {[lindex $s 0] ne {_M}} return
+
+	# Prevent infinite rescan loops
+	incr diff_empty_count
+	if {$diff_empty_count > 1} return
+
+	info_popup [mc "No differences detected.
+
+%s has no changes.
+
+The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but the content within the file was not changed.
+
+A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have the same state." [short_path $path]]
+
+	clear_diff
+	display_file $path __
+	rescan ui_ready 0
+}
+
+proc show_diff {path w {lno {}} {scroll_pos {}} {callback {}}} {
+	global file_states file_lists
+	global is_3way_diff is_conflict_diff diff_active repo_config
+	global ui_diff ui_index ui_workdir
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_side current_diff_header
+	global current_diff_queue
+
+	if {$diff_active || ![lock_index read]} return
+
+	clear_diff
+	if {$lno == {}} {
+		set lno [lsearch -sorted -exact $file_lists($w) $path]
+		if {$lno >= 0} {
+			incr lno
+		}
+	}
+	if {$lno >= 1} {
+		$w tag add in_diff $lno.0 [expr {$lno + 1}].0
+		$w see $lno.0
+	}
+
+	set s $file_states($path)
+	set m [lindex $s 0]
+	set is_conflict_diff 0
+	set current_diff_path $path
+	set current_diff_side $w
+	set current_diff_queue {}
+	ui_status [mc "Loading diff of %s..." [escape_path $path]]
+
+	set cont_info [list $scroll_pos $callback]
+
+	if {[string first {U} $m] >= 0} {
+		merge_load_stages $path [list show_unmerged_diff $cont_info]
+	} elseif {$m eq {_O}} {
+		show_other_diff $path $w $m $cont_info
+	} else {
+		start_show_diff $cont_info
+	}
+}
+
+proc show_unmerged_diff {cont_info} {
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_side
+	global merge_stages ui_diff is_conflict_diff
+	global current_diff_queue
+
+	if {$merge_stages(2) eq {}} {
+		set is_conflict_diff 1
+		lappend current_diff_queue \
+			[list [mc "LOCAL: deleted\nREMOTE:\n"] d======= \
+			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":3:$current_diff_path"]]
+	} elseif {$merge_stages(3) eq {}} {
+		set is_conflict_diff 1
+		lappend current_diff_queue \
+			[list [mc "REMOTE: deleted\nLOCAL:\n"] d======= \
+			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":2:$current_diff_path"]]
+	} elseif {[lindex $merge_stages(1) 0] eq {120000}
+		|| [lindex $merge_stages(2) 0] eq {120000}
+		|| [lindex $merge_stages(3) 0] eq {120000}} {
+		set is_conflict_diff 1
+		lappend current_diff_queue \
+			[list [mc "LOCAL:\n"] d======= \
+			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":2:$current_diff_path"]]
+		lappend current_diff_queue \
+			[list [mc "REMOTE:\n"] d======= \
+			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":3:$current_diff_path"]]
+	} else {
+		start_show_diff $cont_info
+		return
+	}
+
+	advance_diff_queue $cont_info
+}
+
+proc advance_diff_queue {cont_info} {
+	global current_diff_queue ui_diff
+
+	set item [lindex $current_diff_queue 0]
+	set current_diff_queue [lrange $current_diff_queue 1 end]
+
+	$ui_diff conf -state normal
+	$ui_diff insert end [lindex $item 0] [lindex $item 1]
+	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
+
+	start_show_diff $cont_info [lindex $item 2]
+}
+
+proc show_other_diff {path w m cont_info} {
+	global file_states file_lists
+	global is_3way_diff diff_active repo_config
+	global ui_diff ui_index ui_workdir
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_side current_diff_header
+
+	# - Git won't give us the diff, there's nothing to compare to!
+	#
+	if {$m eq {_O}} {
+		set max_sz 100000
+		set type unknown
+		if {[catch {
+				set type [file type $path]
+				switch -- $type {
+				directory {
+					set type submodule
+					set content {}
+					set sz 0
+				}
+				link {
+					set content [file readlink $path]
+					set sz [string length $content]
+				}
+				file {
+					set fd [open $path r]
+					fconfigure $fd \
+						-eofchar {} \
+						-encoding [get_path_encoding $path]
+					set content [read $fd $max_sz]
+					close $fd
+					set sz [file size $path]
+				}
+				default {
+					error "'$type' not supported"
+				}
+				}
+			} err ]} {
+			set diff_active 0
+			unlock_index
+			ui_status [mc "Unable to display %s" [escape_path $path]]
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Error loading file:"] "\n\n$err"]
+			return
+		}
+		$ui_diff conf -state normal
+		if {$type eq {submodule}} {
+			$ui_diff insert end [append \
+				"* " \
+				[mc "Git Repository (subproject)"] \
+				"\n"] d_@
+		} elseif {![catch {set type [exec file $path]}]} {
+			set n [string length $path]
+			if {[string equal -length $n $path $type]} {
+				set type [string range $type $n end]
+				regsub {^:?\s*} $type {} type
+			}
+			$ui_diff insert end "* $type\n" d_@
+		}
+		if {[string first "\0" $content] != -1} {
+			$ui_diff insert end \
+				[mc "* Binary file (not showing content)."] \
+				d_@
+		} else {
+			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
+				$ui_diff insert end [mc \
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.
+* Showing only first %d bytes.
+" $sz $max_sz] d_@
+			}
+			$ui_diff insert end $content
+			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
+				$ui_diff insert end [mc "
+* Untracked file clipped here by %s.
+* To see the entire file, use an external editor.
+" [appname]] d_@
+			}
+		}
+		$ui_diff conf -state disabled
+		set diff_active 0
+		unlock_index
+		set scroll_pos [lindex $cont_info 0]
+		if {$scroll_pos ne {}} {
+			update
+			$ui_diff yview moveto $scroll_pos
+		}
+		ui_ready
+		set callback [lindex $cont_info 1]
+		if {$callback ne {}} {
+			eval $callback
+		}
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
+	global file_states file_lists
+	global is_3way_diff diff_active repo_config
+	global ui_diff ui_index ui_workdir
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_side current_diff_header
+
+	set path $current_diff_path
+	set w $current_diff_side
+
+	set s $file_states($path)
+	set m [lindex $s 0]
+	set is_3way_diff 0
+	set diff_active 1
+	set current_diff_header {}
+
+	set cmd [list]
+	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
+		lappend cmd diff-index
+		lappend cmd --cached
+	} elseif {$w eq $ui_workdir} {
+		if {[string first {U} $m] >= 0} {
+			lappend cmd diff
+		} else {
+			lappend cmd diff-files
+		}
+	}
+
+	lappend cmd -p
+	lappend cmd --no-color
+	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) >= 1} {
+		lappend cmd "-U$repo_config(gui.diffcontext)"
+	}
+	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
+		lappend cmd [PARENT]
+	}
+	if {$add_opts ne {}} {
+		eval lappend cmd $add_opts
+	} else {
+		lappend cmd --
+		lappend cmd $path
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {set fd [eval git_read --nice $cmd]} err]} {
+		set diff_active 0
+		unlock_index
+		ui_status [mc "Unable to display %s" [escape_path $path]]
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Error loading diff:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	set ::current_diff_inheader 1
+	fconfigure $fd \
+		-blocking 0 \
+		-encoding [get_path_encoding $path] \
+		-translation lf
+	fileevent $fd readable [list read_diff $fd $cont_info]
+}
+
+proc read_diff {fd cont_info} {
+	global ui_diff diff_active
+	global is_3way_diff is_conflict_diff current_diff_header
+	global current_diff_queue
+	global diff_empty_count
+
+	$ui_diff conf -state normal
+	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+		# -- Cleanup uninteresting diff header lines.
+		#
+		if {$::current_diff_inheader} {
+			if {   [string match {diff --git *}      $line]
+			    || [string match {diff --cc *}       $line]
+			    || [string match {diff --combined *} $line]
+			    || [string match {--- *}             $line]
+			    || [string match {+++ *}             $line]} {
+				append current_diff_header $line "\n"
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		if {[string match {index *} $line]} continue
+		if {$line eq {deleted file mode 120000}} {
+			set line "deleted symlink"
+		}
+		set ::current_diff_inheader 0
+
+		# -- Automatically detect if this is a 3 way diff.
+		#
+		if {[string match {@@@ *} $line]} {set is_3way_diff 1}
+
+		if {[string match {mode *} $line]
+			|| [string match {new file *} $line]
+			|| [regexp {^(old|new) mode *} $line]
+			|| [string match {deleted file *} $line]
+			|| [string match {deleted symlink} $line]
+			|| [string match {Binary files * and * differ} $line]
+			|| $line eq {\ No newline at end of file}
+			|| [regexp {^\* Unmerged path } $line]} {
+			set tags {}
+		} elseif {$is_3way_diff} {
+			set op [string range $line 0 1]
+			switch -- $op {
+			{  } {set tags {}}
+			{@@} {set tags d_@}
+			{ +} {set tags d_s+}
+			{ -} {set tags d_s-}
+			{+ } {set tags d_+s}
+			{- } {set tags d_-s}
+			{--} {set tags d_--}
+			{++} {
+				if {[regexp {^\+\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
+					set is_conflict_diff 1
+					set line [string replace $line 0 1 {  }]
+					set tags d$op
+				} else {
+					set tags d_++
+				}
+			}
+			default {
+				puts "error: Unhandled 3 way diff marker: {$op}"
+				set tags {}
+			}
+			}
+		} else {
+			set op [string index $line 0]
+			switch -- $op {
+			{ } {set tags {}}
+			{@} {set tags d_@}
+			{-} {set tags d_-}
+			{+} {
+				if {[regexp {^\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
+					set is_conflict_diff 1
+					set tags d$op
+				} else {
+					set tags d_+
+				}
+			}
+			default {
+				puts "error: Unhandled 2 way diff marker: {$op}"
+				set tags {}
+			}
+			}
+		}
+		$ui_diff insert end $line $tags
+		if {[string index $line end] eq "\r"} {
+			$ui_diff tag add d_cr {end - 2c}
+		}
+		$ui_diff insert end "\n" $tags
+	}
+	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+
+		if {$current_diff_queue ne {}} {
+			advance_diff_queue $cont_info
+			return
+		}
+
+		set diff_active 0
+		unlock_index
+		set scroll_pos [lindex $cont_info 0]
+		if {$scroll_pos ne {}} {
+			update
+			$ui_diff yview moveto $scroll_pos
+		}
+		ui_ready
+
+		if {[$ui_diff index end] eq {2.0}} {
+			handle_empty_diff
+		} else {
+			set diff_empty_count 0
+		}
+
+		set callback [lindex $cont_info 1]
+		if {$callback ne {}} {
+			eval $callback
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc apply_hunk {x y} {
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_header current_diff_side
+	global ui_diff ui_index file_states
+
+	if {$current_diff_path eq {} || $current_diff_header eq {}} return
+	if {![lock_index apply_hunk]} return
+
+	set apply_cmd {apply --cached --whitespace=nowarn}
+	set mi [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
+	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
+		set failed_msg [mc "Failed to unstage selected hunk."]
+		lappend apply_cmd --reverse
+		if {[string index $mi 0] ne {M}} {
+			unlock_index
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		set failed_msg [mc "Failed to stage selected hunk."]
+		if {[string index $mi 1] ne {M}} {
+			unlock_index
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set s_lno [lindex [split [$ui_diff index @$x,$y] .] 0]
+	set s_lno [$ui_diff search -backwards -regexp ^@@ $s_lno.0 0.0]
+	if {$s_lno eq {}} {
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	set e_lno [$ui_diff search -forwards -regexp ^@@ "$s_lno + 1 lines" end]
+	if {$e_lno eq {}} {
+		set e_lno end
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {
+		set enc [get_path_encoding $current_diff_path]
+		set p [eval git_write $apply_cmd]
+		fconfigure $p -translation binary -encoding $enc
+		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
+		puts -nonewline $p [$ui_diff get $s_lno $e_lno]
+		close $p} err]} {
+		error_popup [append $failed_msg "\n\n$err"]
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+
+	$ui_diff conf -state normal
+	$ui_diff delete $s_lno $e_lno
+	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
+
+	if {[$ui_diff get 1.0 end] eq "\n"} {
+		set o _
+	} else {
+		set o ?
+	}
+
+	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
+		set mi ${o}M
+	} elseif {[string index $mi 0] eq {_}} {
+		set mi M$o
+	} else {
+		set mi ?$o
+	}
+	unlock_index
+	display_file $current_diff_path $mi
+	# This should trigger shift to the next changed file
+	if {$o eq {_}} {
+		reshow_diff
+	}
+}
+
+proc apply_line {x y} {
+	global current_diff_path current_diff_header current_diff_side
+	global ui_diff ui_index file_states
+
+	if {$current_diff_path eq {} || $current_diff_header eq {}} return
+	if {![lock_index apply_hunk]} return
+
+	set apply_cmd {apply --cached --whitespace=nowarn}
+	set mi [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
+	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
+		set failed_msg [mc "Failed to unstage selected line."]
+		set to_context {+}
+		lappend apply_cmd --reverse
+		if {[string index $mi 0] ne {M}} {
+			unlock_index
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		set failed_msg [mc "Failed to stage selected line."]
+		set to_context {-}
+		if {[string index $mi 1] ne {M}} {
+			unlock_index
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set the_l [$ui_diff index @$x,$y]
+
+	# operate only on change lines
+	set c1 [$ui_diff get "$the_l linestart"]
+	if {$c1 ne {+} && $c1 ne {-}} {
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+	set sign $c1
+
+	set i_l [$ui_diff search -backwards -regexp ^@@ $the_l 0.0]
+	if {$i_l eq {}} {
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	}
+	# $i_l is now at the beginning of a line
+
+	# pick start line number from hunk header
+	set hh [$ui_diff get $i_l "$i_l + 1 lines"]
+	set hh [lindex [split $hh ,] 0]
+	set hln [lindex [split $hh -] 1]
+
+	# There is a special situation to take care of. Consider this hunk:
+	#
+	#    @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@
+	#     context before
+	#    -old 1
+	#    -old 2
+	#    +new 1
+	#    +new 2
+	#     context after
+	#
+	# We used to keep the context lines in the order they appear in the
+	# hunk. But then it is not possible to correctly stage only
+	# "-old 1" and "+new 1" - it would result in this staged text:
+	#
+	#    context before
+	#    old 2
+	#    new 1
+	#    context after
+	#
+	# (By symmetry it is not possible to *un*stage "old 2" and "new 2".)
+	#
+	# We resolve the problem by introducing an asymmetry, namely, when
+	# a "+" line is *staged*, it is moved in front of the context lines
+	# that are generated from the "-" lines that are immediately before
+	# the "+" block. That is, we construct this patch:
+	#
+	#    @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@
+	#     context before
+	#    +new 1
+	#     old 1
+	#     old 2
+	#     context after
+	#
+	# But we do *not* treat "-" lines that are *un*staged in a special
+	# way.
+	#
+	# With this asymmetry it is possible to stage the change
+	# "old 1" -> "new 1" directly, and to stage the change
+	# "old 2" -> "new 2" by first staging the entire hunk and
+	# then unstaging the change "old 1" -> "new 1".
+
+	# This is non-empty if and only if we are _staging_ changes;
+	# then it accumulates the consecutive "-" lines (after converting
+	# them to context lines) in order to be moved after the "+" change
+	# line.
+	set pre_context {}
+
+	set n 0
+	set i_l [$ui_diff index "$i_l + 1 lines"]
+	set patch {}
+	while {[$ui_diff compare $i_l < "end - 1 chars"] &&
+	       [$ui_diff get $i_l "$i_l + 2 chars"] ne {@@}} {
+		set next_l [$ui_diff index "$i_l + 1 lines"]
+		set c1 [$ui_diff get $i_l]
+		if {[$ui_diff compare $i_l <= $the_l] &&
+		    [$ui_diff compare $the_l < $next_l]} {
+			# the line to stage/unstage
+			set ln [$ui_diff get $i_l $next_l]
+			if {$c1 eq {-}} {
+				set n [expr $n+1]
+				set patch "$patch$pre_context$ln"
+			} else {
+				set patch "$patch$ln$pre_context"
+			}
+			set pre_context {}
+		} elseif {$c1 ne {-} && $c1 ne {+}} {
+			# context line
+			set ln [$ui_diff get $i_l $next_l]
+			set patch "$patch$pre_context$ln"
+			set n [expr $n+1]
+			set pre_context {}
+		} elseif {$c1 eq $to_context} {
+			# turn change line into context line
+			set ln [$ui_diff get "$i_l + 1 chars" $next_l]
+			if {$c1 eq {-}} {
+				set pre_context "$pre_context $ln"
+			} else {
+				set patch "$patch $ln"
+			}
+			set n [expr $n+1]
+		}
+		set i_l $next_l
+	}
+	set patch "@@ -$hln,$n +$hln,[eval expr $n $sign 1] @@\n$patch"
+
+	if {[catch {
+		set enc [get_path_encoding $current_diff_path]
+		set p [eval git_write $apply_cmd]
+		fconfigure $p -translation binary -encoding $enc
+		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
+		puts -nonewline $p $patch
+		close $p} err]} {
+		error_popup [append $failed_msg "\n\n$err"]
+	}
+
+	unlock_index
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/encoding.tcl b/git-gui/lib/encoding.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32668fc9c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/encoding.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,466 @@
+# git-gui encoding support
+# Copyright (C) 2005 Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
+# (Copied from gitk, commit fd8ccbec4f0161)
+
+# This list of encoding names and aliases is distilled from
+# http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets.
+# Not all of them are supported by Tcl.
+set encoding_aliases {
+    { ANSI_X3.4-1968 iso-ir-6 ANSI_X3.4-1986 ISO_646.irv:1991 ASCII
+      ISO646-US US-ASCII us IBM367 cp367 csASCII }
+    { ISO-10646-UTF-1 csISO10646UTF1 }
+    { ISO_646.basic:1983 ref csISO646basic1983 }
+    { INVARIANT csINVARIANT }
+    { ISO_646.irv:1983 iso-ir-2 irv csISO2IntlRefVersion }
+    { BS_4730 iso-ir-4 ISO646-GB gb uk csISO4UnitedKingdom }
+    { NATS-SEFI iso-ir-8-1 csNATSSEFI }
+    { NATS-SEFI-ADD iso-ir-8-2 csNATSSEFIADD }
+    { NATS-DANO iso-ir-9-1 csNATSDANO }
+    { NATS-DANO-ADD iso-ir-9-2 csNATSDANOADD }
+    { SEN_850200_B iso-ir-10 FI ISO646-FI ISO646-SE se csISO10Swedish }
+    { SEN_850200_C iso-ir-11 ISO646-SE2 se2 csISO11SwedishForNames }
+    { KS_C_5601-1987 iso-ir-149 KS_C_5601-1989 KSC_5601 korean csKSC56011987 }
+    { ISO-2022-KR csISO2022KR }
+    { EUC-KR csEUCKR }
+    { ISO-2022-JP csISO2022JP }
+    { ISO-2022-JP-2 csISO2022JP2 }
+    { JIS_C6220-1969-jp JIS_C6220-1969 iso-ir-13 katakana x0201-7
+      csISO13JISC6220jp }
+    { JIS_C6220-1969-ro iso-ir-14 jp ISO646-JP csISO14JISC6220ro }
+    { IT iso-ir-15 ISO646-IT csISO15Italian }
+    { PT iso-ir-16 ISO646-PT csISO16Portuguese }
+    { ES iso-ir-17 ISO646-ES csISO17Spanish }
+    { greek7-old iso-ir-18 csISO18Greek7Old }
+    { latin-greek iso-ir-19 csISO19LatinGreek }
+    { DIN_66003 iso-ir-21 de ISO646-DE csISO21German }
+    { NF_Z_62-010_(1973) iso-ir-25 ISO646-FR1 csISO25French }
+    { Latin-greek-1 iso-ir-27 csISO27LatinGreek1 }
+    { ISO_5427 iso-ir-37 csISO5427Cyrillic }
+    { JIS_C6226-1978 iso-ir-42 csISO42JISC62261978 }
+    { BS_viewdata iso-ir-47 csISO47BSViewdata }
+    { INIS iso-ir-49 csISO49INIS }
+    { INIS-8 iso-ir-50 csISO50INIS8 }
+    { INIS-cyrillic iso-ir-51 csISO51INISCyrillic }
+    { ISO_5427:1981 iso-ir-54 ISO5427Cyrillic1981 }
+    { ISO_5428:1980 iso-ir-55 csISO5428Greek }
+    { GB_1988-80 iso-ir-57 cn ISO646-CN csISO57GB1988 }
+    { GB_2312-80 iso-ir-58 chinese csISO58GB231280 }
+    { NS_4551-1 iso-ir-60 ISO646-NO no csISO60DanishNorwegian
+      csISO60Norwegian1 }
+    { NS_4551-2 ISO646-NO2 iso-ir-61 no2 csISO61Norwegian2 }
+    { NF_Z_62-010 iso-ir-69 ISO646-FR fr csISO69French }
+    { videotex-suppl iso-ir-70 csISO70VideotexSupp1 }
+    { PT2 iso-ir-84 ISO646-PT2 csISO84Portuguese2 }
+    { ES2 iso-ir-85 ISO646-ES2 csISO85Spanish2 }
+    { MSZ_7795.3 iso-ir-86 ISO646-HU hu csISO86Hungarian }
+    { JIS_C6226-1983 iso-ir-87 x0208 JIS_X0208-1983 csISO87JISX0208 }
+    { greek7 iso-ir-88 csISO88Greek7 }
+    { ASMO_449 ISO_9036 arabic7 iso-ir-89 csISO89ASMO449 }
+    { iso-ir-90 csISO90 }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-a iso-ir-91 jp-ocr-a csISO91JISC62291984a }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-b iso-ir-92 ISO646-JP-OCR-B jp-ocr-b
+      csISO92JISC62991984b }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-b-add iso-ir-93 jp-ocr-b-add csISO93JIS62291984badd }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand iso-ir-94 jp-ocr-hand csISO94JIS62291984hand }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand-add iso-ir-95 jp-ocr-hand-add
+      csISO95JIS62291984handadd }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-kana iso-ir-96 csISO96JISC62291984kana }
+    { ISO_2033-1983 iso-ir-98 e13b csISO2033 }
+    { ANSI_X3.110-1983 iso-ir-99 CSA_T500-1983 NAPLPS csISO99NAPLPS }
+    { ISO_8859-1:1987 iso-ir-100 ISO_8859-1 ISO-8859-1 latin1 l1 IBM819
+      CP819 csISOLatin1 }
+    { ISO_8859-2:1987 iso-ir-101 ISO_8859-2 ISO-8859-2 latin2 l2 csISOLatin2 }
+    { T.61-7bit iso-ir-102 csISO102T617bit }
+    { T.61-8bit T.61 iso-ir-103 csISO103T618bit }
+    { ISO_8859-3:1988 iso-ir-109 ISO_8859-3 ISO-8859-3 latin3 l3 csISOLatin3 }
+    { ISO_8859-4:1988 iso-ir-110 ISO_8859-4 ISO-8859-4 latin4 l4 csISOLatin4 }
+    { ECMA-cyrillic iso-ir-111 KOI8-E csISO111ECMACyrillic }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-1 iso-ir-121 ISO646-CA csa7-1 ca csISO121Canadian1 }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-2 iso-ir-122 ISO646-CA2 csa7-2 csISO122Canadian2 }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr iso-ir-123 csISO123CSAZ24341985gr }
+    { ISO_8859-6:1987 iso-ir-127 ISO_8859-6 ISO-8859-6 ECMA-114 ASMO-708
+      arabic csISOLatinArabic }
+    { ISO_8859-6-E csISO88596E ISO-8859-6-E }
+    { ISO_8859-6-I csISO88596I ISO-8859-6-I }
+    { ISO_8859-7:1987 iso-ir-126 ISO_8859-7 ISO-8859-7 ELOT_928 ECMA-118
+      greek greek8 csISOLatinGreek }
+    { T.101-G2 iso-ir-128 csISO128T101G2 }
+    { ISO_8859-8:1988 iso-ir-138 ISO_8859-8 ISO-8859-8 hebrew
+      csISOLatinHebrew }
+    { ISO_8859-8-E csISO88598E ISO-8859-8-E }
+    { ISO_8859-8-I csISO88598I ISO-8859-8-I }
+    { CSN_369103 iso-ir-139 csISO139CSN369103 }
+    { JUS_I.B1.002 iso-ir-141 ISO646-YU js yu csISO141JUSIB1002 }
+    { ISO_6937-2-add iso-ir-142 csISOTextComm }
+    { IEC_P27-1 iso-ir-143 csISO143IECP271 }
+    { ISO_8859-5:1988 iso-ir-144 ISO_8859-5 ISO-8859-5 cyrillic
+      csISOLatinCyrillic }
+    { JUS_I.B1.003-serb iso-ir-146 serbian csISO146Serbian }
+    { JUS_I.B1.003-mac macedonian iso-ir-147 csISO147Macedonian }
+    { ISO_8859-9:1989 iso-ir-148 ISO_8859-9 ISO-8859-9 latin5 l5 csISOLatin5 }
+    { greek-ccitt iso-ir-150 csISO150 csISO150GreekCCITT }
+    { NC_NC00-10:81 cuba iso-ir-151 ISO646-CU csISO151Cuba }
+    { ISO_6937-2-25 iso-ir-152 csISO6937Add }
+    { GOST_19768-74 ST_SEV_358-88 iso-ir-153 csISO153GOST1976874 }
+    { ISO_8859-supp iso-ir-154 latin1-2-5 csISO8859Supp }
+    { ISO_10367-box iso-ir-155 csISO10367Box }
+    { ISO-8859-10 iso-ir-157 l6 ISO_8859-10:1992 csISOLatin6 latin6 }
+    { latin-lap lap iso-ir-158 csISO158Lap }
+    { JIS_X0212-1990 x0212 iso-ir-159 csISO159JISX02121990 }
+    { DS_2089 DS2089 ISO646-DK dk csISO646Danish }
+    { us-dk csUSDK }
+    { dk-us csDKUS }
+    { JIS_X0201 X0201 csHalfWidthKatakana }
+    { KSC5636 ISO646-KR csKSC5636 }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-2 csUnicode }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-4 csUCS4 }
+    { DEC-MCS dec csDECMCS }
+    { hp-roman8 roman8 r8 csHPRoman8 }
+    { macintosh mac csMacintosh }
+    { IBM037 cp037 ebcdic-cp-us ebcdic-cp-ca ebcdic-cp-wt ebcdic-cp-nl
+      csIBM037 }
+    { IBM038 EBCDIC-INT cp038 csIBM038 }
+    { IBM273 CP273 csIBM273 }
+    { IBM274 EBCDIC-BE CP274 csIBM274 }
+    { IBM275 EBCDIC-BR cp275 csIBM275 }
+    { IBM277 EBCDIC-CP-DK EBCDIC-CP-NO csIBM277 }
+    { IBM278 CP278 ebcdic-cp-fi ebcdic-cp-se csIBM278 }
+    { IBM280 CP280 ebcdic-cp-it csIBM280 }
+    { IBM281 EBCDIC-JP-E cp281 csIBM281 }
+    { IBM284 CP284 ebcdic-cp-es csIBM284 }
+    { IBM285 CP285 ebcdic-cp-gb csIBM285 }
+    { IBM290 cp290 EBCDIC-JP-kana csIBM290 }
+    { IBM297 cp297 ebcdic-cp-fr csIBM297 }
+    { IBM420 cp420 ebcdic-cp-ar1 csIBM420 }
+    { IBM423 cp423 ebcdic-cp-gr csIBM423 }
+    { IBM424 cp424 ebcdic-cp-he csIBM424 }
+    { IBM437 cp437 437 csPC8CodePage437 }
+    { IBM500 CP500 ebcdic-cp-be ebcdic-cp-ch csIBM500 }
+    { IBM775 cp775 csPC775Baltic }
+    { IBM850 cp850 850 csPC850Multilingual }
+    { IBM851 cp851 851 csIBM851 }
+    { IBM852 cp852 852 csPCp852 }
+    { IBM855 cp855 855 csIBM855 }
+    { IBM857 cp857 857 csIBM857 }
+    { IBM860 cp860 860 csIBM860 }
+    { IBM861 cp861 861 cp-is csIBM861 }
+    { IBM862 cp862 862 csPC862LatinHebrew }
+    { IBM863 cp863 863 csIBM863 }
+    { IBM864 cp864 csIBM864 }
+    { IBM865 cp865 865 csIBM865 }
+    { IBM866 cp866 866 csIBM866 }
+    { IBM868 CP868 cp-ar csIBM868 }
+    { IBM869 cp869 869 cp-gr csIBM869 }
+    { IBM870 CP870 ebcdic-cp-roece ebcdic-cp-yu csIBM870 }
+    { IBM871 CP871 ebcdic-cp-is csIBM871 }
+    { IBM880 cp880 EBCDIC-Cyrillic csIBM880 }
+    { IBM891 cp891 csIBM891 }
+    { IBM903 cp903 csIBM903 }
+    { IBM904 cp904 904 csIBBM904 }
+    { IBM905 CP905 ebcdic-cp-tr csIBM905 }
+    { IBM918 CP918 ebcdic-cp-ar2 csIBM918 }
+    { IBM1026 CP1026 csIBM1026 }
+    { EBCDIC-AT-DE csIBMEBCDICATDE }
+    { EBCDIC-AT-DE-A csEBCDICATDEA }
+    { EBCDIC-CA-FR csEBCDICCAFR }
+    { EBCDIC-DK-NO csEBCDICDKNO }
+    { EBCDIC-DK-NO-A csEBCDICDKNOA }
+    { EBCDIC-FI-SE csEBCDICFISE }
+    { EBCDIC-FI-SE-A csEBCDICFISEA }
+    { EBCDIC-FR csEBCDICFR }
+    { EBCDIC-IT csEBCDICIT }
+    { EBCDIC-PT csEBCDICPT }
+    { EBCDIC-ES csEBCDICES }
+    { EBCDIC-ES-A csEBCDICESA }
+    { EBCDIC-ES-S csEBCDICESS }
+    { EBCDIC-UK csEBCDICUK }
+    { EBCDIC-US csEBCDICUS }
+    { UNKNOWN-8BIT csUnknown8BiT }
+    { MNEMONIC csMnemonic }
+    { MNEM csMnem }
+    { VISCII csVISCII }
+    { VIQR csVIQR }
+    { KOI8-R csKOI8R }
+    { IBM00858 CCSID00858 CP00858 PC-Multilingual-850+euro }
+    { IBM00924 CCSID00924 CP00924 ebcdic-Latin9--euro }
+    { IBM01140 CCSID01140 CP01140 ebcdic-us-37+euro }
+    { IBM01141 CCSID01141 CP01141 ebcdic-de-273+euro }
+    { IBM01142 CCSID01142 CP01142 ebcdic-dk-277+euro ebcdic-no-277+euro }
+    { IBM01143 CCSID01143 CP01143 ebcdic-fi-278+euro ebcdic-se-278+euro }
+    { IBM01144 CCSID01144 CP01144 ebcdic-it-280+euro }
+    { IBM01145 CCSID01145 CP01145 ebcdic-es-284+euro }
+    { IBM01146 CCSID01146 CP01146 ebcdic-gb-285+euro }
+    { IBM01147 CCSID01147 CP01147 ebcdic-fr-297+euro }
+    { IBM01148 CCSID01148 CP01148 ebcdic-international-500+euro }
+    { IBM01149 CCSID01149 CP01149 ebcdic-is-871+euro }
+    { IBM1047 IBM-1047 }
+    { PTCP154 csPTCP154 PT154 CP154 Cyrillic-Asian }
+    { Amiga-1251 Ami1251 Amiga1251 Ami-1251 }
+    { UNICODE-1-1 csUnicode11 }
+    { CESU-8 csCESU-8 }
+    { BOCU-1 csBOCU-1 }
+    { UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7 csUnicode11UTF7 }
+    { ISO-8859-14 iso-ir-199 ISO_8859-14:1998 ISO_8859-14 latin8 iso-celtic
+      l8 }
+    { ISO-8859-15 ISO_8859-15 Latin-9 }
+    { ISO-8859-16 iso-ir-226 ISO_8859-16:2001 ISO_8859-16 latin10 l10 }
+    { GBK CP936 MS936 windows-936 }
+    { JIS_Encoding csJISEncoding }
+    { Shift_JIS MS_Kanji csShiftJIS ShiftJIS Shift-JIS }
+    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Packed_Format_for_Japanese csEUCPkdFmtJapanese
+      EUC-JP }
+    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Fixed_Width_for_Japanese csEUCFixWidJapanese }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-Basic csUnicodeASCII }
+    { ISO-10646-Unicode-Latin1 csUnicodeLatin1 ISO-10646 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1261 csUnicodeIBM1261 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1268 csUnicodeIBM1268 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1276 csUnicodeIBM1276 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1264 csUnicodeIBM1264 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1265 csUnicodeIBM1265 }
+    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.0-Latin-1 csWindows30Latin1 }
+    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.1-Latin-1 csWindows31Latin1 }
+    { ISO-8859-2-Windows-Latin-2 csWindows31Latin2 }
+    { ISO-8859-9-Windows-Latin-5 csWindows31Latin5 }
+    { Adobe-Standard-Encoding csAdobeStandardEncoding }
+    { Ventura-US csVenturaUS }
+    { Ventura-International csVenturaInternational }
+    { PC8-Danish-Norwegian csPC8DanishNorwegian }
+    { PC8-Turkish csPC8Turkish }
+    { IBM-Symbols csIBMSymbols }
+    { IBM-Thai csIBMThai }
+    { HP-Legal csHPLegal }
+    { HP-Pi-font csHPPiFont }
+    { HP-Math8 csHPMath8 }
+    { Adobe-Symbol-Encoding csHPPSMath }
+    { HP-DeskTop csHPDesktop }
+    { Ventura-Math csVenturaMath }
+    { Microsoft-Publishing csMicrosoftPublishing }
+    { Windows-31J csWindows31J }
+    { GB2312 csGB2312 }
+    { Big5 csBig5 }
+}
+
+set encoding_groups {
+    {"" ""
+	{"Unicode" UTF-8}
+	{"Western" ISO-8859-1}}
+    {we "West European"
+	{"Western" ISO-8859-15 CP-437 CP-850 MacRoman CP-1252 Windows-1252}
+	{"Celtic" ISO-8859-14}
+	{"Greek" ISO-8859-14 ISO-8859-7 CP-737 CP-869 MacGreek CP-1253 Windows-1253}
+	{"Icelandic" MacIceland MacIcelandic CP-861}
+	{"Nordic" ISO-8859-10 CP-865}
+	{"Portuguese" CP-860}
+	{"South European" ISO-8859-3}}
+    {ee "East European"
+	{"Baltic" CP-775 ISO-8859-4 ISO-8859-13 CP-1257 Windows-1257}
+	{"Central European" CP-852 ISO-8859-2 MacCE CP-1250 Windows-1250}
+	{"Croatian" MacCroatian}
+	{"Cyrillic" CP-855 ISO-8859-5 ISO-IR-111 KOI8-R MacCyrillic CP-1251 Windows-1251}
+	{"Russian" CP-866}
+	{"Ukrainian" KOI8-U MacUkraine MacUkrainian}
+	{"Romanian" ISO-8859-16 MacRomania MacRomanian}}
+    {ea "East Asian"
+	{"Generic" ISO-2022}
+	{"Chinese Simplified" GB2312 GB1988 GB12345 GB2312-RAW GBK EUC-CN GB18030 HZ ISO-2022-CN}
+	{"Chinese Traditional" Big5 Big5-HKSCS EUC-TW CP-950}
+	{"Japanese" EUC-JP ISO-2022-JP Shift-JIS JIS-0212 JIS-0208 JIS-0201 CP-932 MacJapan}
+	{"Korean" EUC-KR UHC JOHAB ISO-2022-KR CP-949 KSC5601}}
+    {sa "SE & SW Asian"
+	{"Armenian" ARMSCII-8}
+	{"Georgian" GEOSTD8}
+	{"Thai" TIS-620 ISO-8859-11 CP-874 Windows-874 MacThai}
+	{"Turkish" CP-857 CP857 ISO-8859-9 MacTurkish CP-1254 Windows-1254}
+	{"Vietnamese" TCVN VISCII VPS CP-1258 Windows-1258}
+	{"Hindi" MacDevanagari}
+	{"Gujarati" MacGujarati}
+	{"Gurmukhi" MacGurmukhi}}
+    {me "Middle Eastern"
+	{"Arabic" ISO-8859-6 Windows-1256 CP-1256 CP-864 MacArabic}
+	{"Farsi" MacFarsi}
+	{"Hebrew" ISO-8859-8-I Windows-1255 CP-1255 ISO-8859-8 CP-862 MacHebrew}}
+    {mi "Misc"
+	{"7-bit" ASCII}
+	{"16-bit" Unicode}
+	{"Legacy" CP-863 EBCDIC}
+	{"Symbol" Symbol Dingbats MacDingbats MacCentEuro}}
+}
+
+proc build_encoding_table {} {
+	global encoding_aliases encoding_lookup_table
+
+	# Prepare the lookup list; cannot use lsort -nocase because
+	# of compatibility issues with older Tcl (e.g. in msysgit)
+	set names [list]
+	foreach item [encoding names] {
+		lappend names [list [string tolower $item] $item]
+	}
+	set names [lsort -ascii -index 0 $names]
+	# neither can we use lsearch -index
+	set lnames [list]
+	foreach item $names {
+		lappend lnames [lindex $item 0]
+	}
+
+	foreach grp $encoding_aliases {
+		set target {}
+		foreach item $grp {
+			set i [lsearch -sorted -ascii $lnames \
+					[string tolower $item]]
+			if {$i >= 0} {
+				set target [lindex $names $i 1]
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if {$target eq {}} continue
+		foreach item $grp {
+			set encoding_lookup_table([string tolower $item]) $target
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach item $names {
+		set encoding_lookup_table([lindex $item 0]) [lindex $item 1]
+	}
+}
+
+proc tcl_encoding {enc} {
+	global encoding_lookup_table
+	if {$enc eq {}} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	if {![info exists encoding_lookup_table]} {
+		build_encoding_table
+	}
+	set enc [string tolower $enc]
+	if {![info exists encoding_lookup_table($enc)]} {
+		# look for "isonnn" instead of "iso-nnn" or "iso_nnn"
+		if {[regsub {^(iso|cp|ibm|jis)[-_]} $enc {\1} encx]} {
+			set enc $encx
+		}
+	}
+	if {[info exists encoding_lookup_table($enc)]} {
+		return $encoding_lookup_table($enc)
+	} else {
+		return {}
+	}
+}
+
+proc force_path_encoding {path enc} {
+	global path_encoding_overrides last_encoding_override
+
+	set enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+	if {$enc eq {}} {
+		catch { unset last_encoding_override }
+		catch { unset path_encoding_overrides($path) }
+	} else {
+		set last_encoding_override $enc
+		if {$path ne {}} {
+			set path_encoding_overrides($path) $enc
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc get_path_encoding {path} {
+	global path_encoding_overrides last_encoding_override
+
+	if {[info exists last_encoding_override]} {
+		set tcl_enc $last_encoding_override
+	} else {
+		set tcl_enc [tcl_encoding [get_config gui.encoding]]
+	}
+	if {$tcl_enc eq {}} {
+		set tcl_enc [encoding system]
+	}
+	if {$path ne {}} {
+		if {[info exists path_encoding_overrides($path)]} {
+			set enc2 $path_encoding_overrides($path)
+		} else {
+			set enc2 [tcl_encoding [gitattr $path encoding $tcl_enc]]
+		}
+		if {$enc2 ne {}} {
+			set tcl_enc $enc2
+		}
+	}
+	return $tcl_enc
+}
+
+proc build_encoding_submenu {parent grp cmd} {
+	global used_encodings
+
+	set mid [lindex $grp 0]
+	set gname [mc [lindex $grp 1]]
+
+	set smenu {}
+	foreach subset [lrange $grp 2 end] {
+		set name [mc [lindex $subset 0]]
+
+		foreach enc [lrange $subset 1 end] {
+			set tcl_enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+			if {$tcl_enc eq {}} continue
+
+			if {$smenu eq {}} {
+				if {$mid eq {}} {
+					set smenu $parent
+				} else {
+					set smenu "$parent.$mid"
+					menu $smenu
+					$parent add cascade \
+						-label $gname \
+						-menu $smenu
+				}
+			}
+
+			if {$name ne {}} {
+				set lbl "$name ($enc)"
+			} else {
+				set lbl $enc
+			}
+			$smenu add command \
+				-label $lbl \
+				-command [concat $cmd [list $tcl_enc]]
+
+			lappend used_encodings $tcl_enc
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc popup_btn_menu {m b} {
+	tk_popup $m [winfo pointerx $b] [winfo pointery $b]
+}
+
+proc build_encoding_menu {emenu cmd {nodef 0}} {
+	$emenu configure -postcommand \
+		[list do_build_encoding_menu $emenu $cmd $nodef]
+}
+
+proc do_build_encoding_menu {emenu cmd {nodef 0}} {
+	global used_encodings encoding_groups
+
+	$emenu configure -postcommand {}
+
+	if {!$nodef} {
+		$emenu add command \
+			-label [mc "Default"] \
+			-command [concat $cmd [list {}]]
+	}
+	set sysenc [encoding system]
+	$emenu add command \
+		-label [mc "System (%s)" $sysenc] \
+		-command [concat $cmd [list $sysenc]]
+
+	# Main encoding tree
+	set used_encodings [list identity]
+	$emenu add separator
+	foreach grp $encoding_groups {
+		build_encoding_submenu $emenu $grp $cmd
+	}
+
+	# Add unclassified encodings
+	set unused_grp [list [mc Other]]
+	foreach enc [encoding names] {
+		if {[lsearch -exact $used_encodings $enc] < 0} {
+			lappend unused_grp $enc
+		}
+	}
+	build_encoding_submenu $emenu [list other [mc Other] $unused_grp] $cmd
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/error.tcl b/git-gui/lib/error.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..75650157e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/error.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# git-gui branch (create/delete) support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc _error_parent {} {
+	set p [grab current .]
+	if {$p eq {}} {
+		return .
+	}
+	return $p
+}
+
+proc error_popup {msg} {
+	set title [appname]
+	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
+		append title " ([reponame])"
+	}
+	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
+		-icon error \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [append "$title: " [mc "error"]] \
+		-message $msg]
+	if {[winfo ismapped [_error_parent]]} {
+		lappend cmd -parent [_error_parent]
+	}
+	eval $cmd
+}
+
+proc warn_popup {msg} {
+	set title [appname]
+	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
+		append title " ([reponame])"
+	}
+	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
+		-icon warning \
+		-type ok \
+		-title [append "$title: " [mc "warning"]] \
+		-message $msg]
+	if {[winfo ismapped [_error_parent]]} {
+		lappend cmd -parent [_error_parent]
+	}
+	eval $cmd
+}
+
+proc info_popup {msg} {
+	set title [appname]
+	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
+		append title " ([reponame])"
+	}
+	tk_messageBox \
+		-parent [_error_parent] \
+		-icon info \
+		-type ok \
+		-title $title \
+		-message $msg
+}
+
+proc ask_popup {msg} {
+	set title [appname]
+	if {[reponame] ne {}} {
+		append title " ([reponame])"
+	}
+	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
+		-icon question \
+		-type yesno \
+		-title $title \
+		-message $msg]
+	if {[winfo ismapped [_error_parent]]} {
+		lappend cmd -parent [_error_parent]
+	}
+	eval $cmd
+}
+
+proc hook_failed_popup {hook msg {is_fatal 1}} {
+	set w .hookfail
+	toplevel $w
+
+	frame $w.m
+	label $w.m.l1 -text "$hook hook failed:" \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left \
+		-font font_uibold
+	text $w.m.t \
+		-background white \
+		-foreground black \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 80 -height 10 \
+		-font font_diff \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.m.sby set]
+	scrollbar $w.m.sby -command [list $w.m.t yview]
+	pack $w.m.l1 -side top -fill x
+	if {$is_fatal} {
+		label $w.m.l2 \
+			-text [mc "You must correct the above errors before committing."] \
+			-anchor w \
+			-justify left \
+			-font font_uibold
+		pack $w.m.l2 -side bottom -fill x
+	}
+	pack $w.m.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.m.t -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.m -side top -fill both -expand 1 -padx 5 -pady 10
+
+	$w.m.t insert 1.0 $msg
+	$w.m.t conf -state disabled
+
+	button $w.ok -text OK \
+		-width 15 \
+		-command "destroy $w"
+	pack $w.ok -side bottom -anchor e -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+	wm title $w [strcat "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "error"]]
+	tkwait window $w
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/git-gui.ico b/git-gui/lib/git-gui.ico
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..334cfa5a1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/git-gui.ico
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d33896a0ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+# git-gui index (add/remove) support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc _delete_indexlock {} {
+	if {[catch {file delete -- [gitdir index.lock]} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Unable to unlock the index."] "\n\n$err"]
+	}
+}
+
+proc _close_updateindex {fd after} {
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+		set w .indexfried
+		toplevel $w
+		wm title $w [strcat "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Index Error"]]
+		wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+		pack [label $w.msg \
+			-justify left \
+			-anchor w \
+			-text [strcat \
+				[mc "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to resynchronize git-gui."] \
+				"\n\n$err"] \
+			] -anchor w
+
+		frame $w.buttons
+		button $w.buttons.continue \
+			-text [mc "Continue"] \
+			-command [list destroy $w]
+		pack $w.buttons.continue -side right -padx 5
+		button $w.buttons.unlock \
+			-text [mc "Unlock Index"] \
+			-command "destroy $w; _delete_indexlock"
+		pack $w.buttons.unlock -side right
+		pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+		wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW update
+		bind $w.buttons.continue <Visibility> "
+			grab $w
+			focus $w.buttons.continue
+		"
+		tkwait window $w
+
+		$::main_status stop
+		unlock_index
+		rescan $after 0
+		return
+	}
+
+	$::main_status stop
+	unlock_index
+	uplevel #0 $after
+}
+
+proc update_indexinfo {msg pathList after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+
+	if {![lock_index update]} return
+
+	set update_index_cp 0
+	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
+	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
+	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
+	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
+
+	$::main_status start $msg [mc "files"]
+	set fd [git_write update-index -z --index-info]
+	fconfigure $fd \
+		-blocking 0 \
+		-buffering full \
+		-buffersize 512 \
+		-encoding binary \
+		-translation binary
+	fileevent $fd writable [list \
+		write_update_indexinfo \
+		$fd \
+		$pathList \
+		$totalCnt \
+		$batch \
+		$after \
+		]
+}
+
+proc write_update_indexinfo {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
+		_close_updateindex $fd $after
+		return
+	}
+
+	for {set i $batch} \
+		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
+		{incr i -1} {
+		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
+		incr update_index_cp
+
+		set s $file_states($path)
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $s 0] {
+		A? {set new _O}
+		M? {set new _M}
+		T_ {set new _T}
+		D_ {set new _D}
+		D? {set new _?}
+		?? {continue}
+		}
+		set info [lindex $s 2]
+		if {$info eq {}} continue
+
+		puts -nonewline $fd "$info\t[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+		display_file $path $new
+	}
+
+	$::main_status update $update_index_cp $totalCnt
+}
+
+proc update_index {msg pathList after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+
+	if {![lock_index update]} return
+
+	set update_index_cp 0
+	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
+	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
+	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
+	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
+
+	$::main_status start $msg [mc "files"]
+	set fd [git_write update-index --add --remove -z --stdin]
+	fconfigure $fd \
+		-blocking 0 \
+		-buffering full \
+		-buffersize 512 \
+		-encoding binary \
+		-translation binary
+	fileevent $fd writable [list \
+		write_update_index \
+		$fd \
+		$pathList \
+		$totalCnt \
+		$batch \
+		$after \
+		]
+}
+
+proc write_update_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
+		_close_updateindex $fd $after
+		return
+	}
+
+	for {set i $batch} \
+		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
+		{incr i -1} {
+		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
+		incr update_index_cp
+
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		AD {set new __}
+		?D {set new D_}
+		_O -
+		AM {set new A_}
+		_T {set new T_}
+		_U -
+		U? {
+			if {[file exists $path]} {
+				set new M_
+			} else {
+				set new D_
+			}
+		}
+		?M {set new M_}
+		?? {continue}
+		}
+		puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+		display_file $path $new
+	}
+
+	$::main_status update $update_index_cp $totalCnt
+}
+
+proc checkout_index {msg pathList after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+
+	if {![lock_index update]} return
+
+	set update_index_cp 0
+	set pathList [lsort $pathList]
+	set totalCnt [llength $pathList]
+	set batch [expr {int($totalCnt * .01) + 1}]
+	if {$batch > 25} {set batch 25}
+
+	$::main_status start $msg [mc "files"]
+	set fd [git_write checkout-index \
+		--index \
+		--quiet \
+		--force \
+		-z \
+		--stdin \
+		]
+	fconfigure $fd \
+		-blocking 0 \
+		-buffering full \
+		-buffersize 512 \
+		-encoding binary \
+		-translation binary
+	fileevent $fd writable [list \
+		write_checkout_index \
+		$fd \
+		$pathList \
+		$totalCnt \
+		$batch \
+		$after \
+		]
+}
+
+proc write_checkout_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
+	global update_index_cp
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {$update_index_cp >= $totalCnt} {
+		_close_updateindex $fd $after
+		return
+	}
+
+	for {set i $batch} \
+		{$update_index_cp < $totalCnt && $i > 0} \
+		{incr i -1} {
+		set path [lindex $pathList $update_index_cp]
+		incr update_index_cp
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		U? {continue}
+		?M -
+		?T -
+		?D {
+			puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+			display_file $path ?_
+		}
+		}
+	}
+
+	$::main_status update $update_index_cp $totalCnt
+}
+
+proc unstage_helper {txt paths} {
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
+
+	set pathList [list]
+	set after {}
+	foreach path $paths {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		A? -
+		M? -
+		T_ -
+		D? {
+			lappend pathList $path
+			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
+				set after {reshow_diff;}
+			}
+		}
+		}
+	}
+	if {$pathList eq {}} {
+		unlock_index
+	} else {
+		update_indexinfo \
+			$txt \
+			$pathList \
+			[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_unstage_selection {} {
+	global current_diff_path selected_paths
+
+	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
+		unstage_helper \
+			{Unstaging selected files from commit} \
+			[array names selected_paths]
+	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
+		unstage_helper \
+			[mc "Unstaging %s from commit" [short_path $current_diff_path]] \
+			[list $current_diff_path]
+	}
+}
+
+proc add_helper {txt paths} {
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
+
+	set pathList [list]
+	set after {}
+	foreach path $paths {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		_U -
+		U? {
+			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
+				unlock_index
+				merge_stage_workdir $path
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		_O -
+		?M -
+		?D -
+		?T {
+			lappend pathList $path
+			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
+				set after {reshow_diff;}
+			}
+		}
+		}
+	}
+	if {$pathList eq {}} {
+		unlock_index
+	} else {
+		update_index \
+			$txt \
+			$pathList \
+			[concat $after {ui_status [mc "Ready to commit."]}]
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_add_selection {} {
+	global current_diff_path selected_paths
+
+	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
+		add_helper \
+			{Adding selected files} \
+			[array names selected_paths]
+	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
+		add_helper \
+			[mc "Adding %s" [short_path $current_diff_path]] \
+			[list $current_diff_path]
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_add_all {} {
+	global file_states
+
+	set paths [list]
+	foreach path [array names file_states] {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		U? {continue}
+		?M -
+		?T -
+		?D {lappend paths $path}
+		}
+	}
+	add_helper {Adding all changed files} $paths
+}
+
+proc revert_helper {txt paths} {
+	global file_states current_diff_path
+
+	if {![lock_index begin-update]} return
+
+	set pathList [list]
+	set after {}
+	foreach path $paths {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		U? {continue}
+		?M -
+		?T -
+		?D {
+			lappend pathList $path
+			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
+				set after {reshow_diff;}
+			}
+		}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	# Split question between singular and plural cases, because
+	# such distinction is needed in some languages. Previously, the
+	# code used "Revert changes in" for both, but that can't work
+	# in languages where 'in' must be combined with word from
+	# rest of string (in diffrent way for both cases of course).
+	#
+	# FIXME: Unfortunately, even that isn't enough in some languages
+	# as they have quite complex plural-form rules. Unfortunately,
+	# msgcat doesn't seem to support that kind of string translation.
+	#
+	set n [llength $pathList]
+	if {$n == 0} {
+		unlock_index
+		return
+	} elseif {$n == 1} {
+		set query [mc "Revert changes in file %s?" [short_path [lindex $pathList]]]
+	} else {
+		set query [mc "Revert changes in these %i files?" $n]
+	}
+
+	set reply [tk_dialog \
+		.confirm_revert \
+		"[appname] ([reponame])" \
+		"$query
+
+[mc "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."]" \
+		question \
+		1 \
+		[mc "Do Nothing"] \
+		[mc "Revert Changes"] \
+		]
+	if {$reply == 1} {
+		checkout_index \
+			$txt \
+			$pathList \
+			[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
+	} else {
+		unlock_index
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_revert_selection {} {
+	global current_diff_path selected_paths
+
+	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
+		revert_helper \
+			[mc "Reverting selected files"] \
+			[array names selected_paths]
+	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
+		revert_helper \
+			[mc "Reverting %s" [short_path $current_diff_path]] \
+			[list $current_diff_path]
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_select_commit_type {} {
+	global commit_type selected_commit_type
+
+	if {$selected_commit_type eq {new}
+		&& [string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		create_new_commit
+	} elseif {$selected_commit_type eq {amend}
+		&& ![string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		load_last_commit
+
+		# The amend request was rejected...
+		#
+		if {![string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+			set selected_commit_type new
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/logo.tcl b/git-gui/lib/logo.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ff76692f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/logo.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# git-gui Git Gui logo
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+# Henrik Nyh's alternative Git logo, from his blog post
+# http://henrik.nyh.se/2007/06/alternative-git-logo-and-favicon
+#
+image create photo ::git_logo_data -data {
+R0lGODdhYQC8AIQbAGZmZtg4LW9vb3l5eYKCgoyMjEC/TOJpYZWVlZ+fn2/PeKmpqbKysry8vMXF
+xZ/fpc/Pz7fnvPXNytnZ2eLi4s/v0vja1+zs7Of36fX19f3z8v///////////////////ywAAAAA
+YQC8AAAF/uAmjmRpnmiqrmzrvq4hz3RtGw+s7zx5/7dcb0hUAY8zYXHJRCKVzGjPeYRKry8q0Irt
+GrVBr3gFDo/PprKNix6ra+y2902Ly7H05L2dl9n3UX04gGeCf4RFhohiiotdjY5XkJGBfYeUOpOY
+iZablXmXURgPpKWmp6ipqYIKqq6vqREjFYK1trUKs7e7vFq5IrS9wsM0vxvBxMm8xsjKzqy6z9J5
+zNPWatXX2k7Z29433d/iMuHj3+Xm2+jp1+vs0+7vz/HyyvT1xPf4wvr7y9H+pBkbBasgLFYGE8ba
+o8nTlE4OOYGKKJFOKIopGmLMAnHjDo0eWYAM+WUiSRgj/k+eSKmyBMuWI17C3CATZs2WN1XmPLmT
+ZM+QPz0G3VihqNGjSJNWwDCzqdOnUKPu0SChqtWrWLNq3cq1q9evYCVYGCEhgNmzaNOqXcu2rdu3
+cOMGOEBWrt27ePPCpSuirN6/gAO35bvBr+DDiPMSNpy4sWO2ix9Lnmw2MuXLiS1j3gxYM+fPdz2D
+Hv1WNOnTak2jXj23LuvXlV3DZq16Nujatjnjzo15N2/Kvn9LDi7cMfHimaUqX868ufPn0KPPpOCA
+AQMWCQBo3869u/fv4MNrd3DlQoMC3QlkSJFdvPv38LVDWJLBAYHwE1LE38+/+/UhGTAggHv5odDf
+gfv9/seDgPAVeAKCELqnIAwU3BefgyZEqOF3E7rAQH8YlrDhiNt1uEIG6IGoH4kjmpjCBRaqaCCL
+G7p4AgUDIhgiCTTW2AKOEe44Qo8a2khCBgNoKKQIREZopAgZxAjhkhs0CeGTG7Sn5IpW9vekAyRS
+2eWBRl6Q44ZijhlfAQlQmeKIaarpHZsMTHABCxDQGKec3JH3QpIs7snndn6yAKaeXA7aZwuABppo
+fAws0GiEhaKQJ40F3DkjfwVC8CaCAlCgAgIkJjDfCgdiOMGn/Q2w3gkZtPgqC6ma0ECECaBwa4QE
+aOpCrSYAqeMJpEKYqw7ABnsmfwQ8aCwPySqLYKUb/kwAYbPQyoiCtQcOUMKHBwrgK7LaogBuuaxC
+OkS0KEwa37EiLBufALPuwO4Jh/InwAixkknEvSe4C9+p3PY3rr3lpnDufguIcCmzRQAc7IHYLhxf
+w/8mnILA74lg8cARa4xCsZxusMCBomZccgsfv0deuh2HvLKh/sLs3hJSvieuCwUzvIHN4tGXc3ih
+vtDzmj8fSNLR8BWQdH9LH+g00OFF3d/UBx4cUcvuOc21eFRiouV+Xvvr0dDvlX21R/2uzTR89TqU
+L3+5UoBgAxtRHd5/CHpLkd13i4D2e3hHRLKMY+9Hr0Nvx/fq3Pw57cng7/m9wQVObnIyhAiQwHF8
+/tQS8nDgI2wOYeh3CAvhuIBHiDEgqvdtwudkaz3GBPKaTcKuGgqAJRMZmK6h1hnk3ncDcUvhgPFS
+o5B476ZKQcECzCN4qgmYN4lAncmzcAEEkhJp+QlfkyhAAdtbN8H67FvHQAF6b4g6v9UryqfkKkBu
+v/0prxD//kR63YnqB8AeqcdoBRxU/1zAuwRaaX4reJ4DSSRAHUhwgrgqwgUx2B94EWGDHISPBzUY
+QgSNcAn6K6F4fscDCtBOhdoRwPW6kIHDwZA7vWoDBF44Qd/tIUAEBCACbIeG4AXxfmFrQ4B4OCYE
+JBEQELChmgbAACJioj4JOCKCCLCABZ6EAg1IHwDlyLYAB1gRJhSYgHUQAD9WnQ9+CWBAA+wknTpC
+JwQAOw==
+}
+
+proc git_logo {w} {
+	label $w \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-background white \
+		-image ::git_logo_data
+	return $w
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..283e4915e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+# git-gui branch merge support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class merge {
+
+field w         ; # top level window
+field w_rev     ; # mega-widget to pick the revision to merge
+
+method _can_merge {} {
+	global HEAD commit_type file_states
+
+	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		info_popup [mc "Cannot merge while amending.
+
+You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.
+"]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	if {[committer_ident] eq {}} {return 0}
+	if {![lock_index merge]} {return 0}
+
+	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
+	#
+	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
+	if {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
+		info_popup [mc "Last scanned state does not match repository state.
+
+Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.
+
+The rescan will be automatically started now.
+"]
+		unlock_index
+		rescan ui_ready
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	foreach path [array names file_states] {
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		_O {
+			continue; # and pray it works!
+		}
+		_U -
+		U? {
+			error_popup [mc "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.
+
+File %s has merge conflicts.
+
+You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.
+" [short_path $path]]
+			unlock_index
+			return 0
+		}
+		?? {
+			error_popup [mc "You are in the middle of a change.
+
+File %s is modified.
+
+You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.
+" [short_path $path]]
+			unlock_index
+			return 0
+		}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _rev {} {
+	if {[catch {$w_rev commit_or_die}]} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	return [$w_rev get]
+}
+
+method _visualize {} {
+	set rev [_rev $this]
+	if {$rev ne {}} {
+		do_gitk [list $rev --not HEAD]
+	}
+}
+
+method _start {} {
+	global HEAD current_branch remote_url
+
+	set name [_rev $this]
+	if {$name eq {}} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	set spec [$w_rev get_tracking_branch]
+	set cmit [$w_rev get_commit]
+
+	set fh [open [gitdir FETCH_HEAD] w]
+	fconfigure $fh -translation lf
+	if {$spec eq {}} {
+		set remote .
+		set branch $name
+		set stitle $branch
+	} else {
+		set remote $remote_url([lindex $spec 1])
+		if {[regexp {^[^:@]*@[^:]*:/} $remote]} {
+			regsub {^[^:@]*@} $remote {} remote
+		}
+		set branch [lindex $spec 2]
+		set stitle [mc "%s of %s" $branch $remote]
+	}
+	regsub ^refs/heads/ $branch {} branch
+	puts $fh "$cmit\t\tbranch '$branch' of $remote"
+	close $fh
+
+	set cmd [list git]
+	lappend cmd merge
+	lappend cmd --strategy=recursive
+	lappend cmd [git fmt-merge-msg <[gitdir FETCH_HEAD]]
+	lappend cmd HEAD
+	lappend cmd $name
+
+	ui_status [mc "Merging %s and %s..." $current_branch $stitle]
+	set cons [console::new [mc "Merge"] "merge $stitle"]
+	console::exec $cons $cmd [cb _finish $cons]
+
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW {}
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _finish {cons ok} {
+	console::done $cons $ok
+	if {$ok} {
+		set msg [mc "Merge completed successfully."]
+	} else {
+		set msg [mc "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."]
+	}
+	unlock_index
+	rescan [list ui_status $msg]
+	delete_this
+}
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global current_branch
+	global M1B
+
+	if {![_can_merge $this]} {
+		delete_this
+		return
+	}
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Merge"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	set _start [cb _start]
+
+	label $w.header \
+		-text [mc "Merge Into %s" $current_branch] \
+		-font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.visualize \
+		-text [mc Visualize] \
+		-command [cb _visualize]
+	pack $w.buttons.visualize -side left
+	button $w.buttons.merge \
+		-text [mc Merge] \
+		-command $_start
+	pack $w.buttons.merge -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel \
+		-text [mc "Cancel"] \
+		-command [cb _cancel]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	set w_rev [::choose_rev::new_unmerged $w.rev [mc "Revision To Merge"]]
+	pack $w.rev -anchor nw -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <$M1B-Key-Return> $_start
+	bind $w <Key-Return> $_start
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [cb _cancel]
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW [cb _cancel]
+
+	bind $w.buttons.merge <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	if {[is_config_true gui.matchtrackingbranch]} {
+		$w_rev pick_tracking_branch
+	}
+	$w_rev focus_filter
+}
+
+method _cancel {} {
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW {}
+	unlock_index
+	destroy $w
+	delete_this
+}
+
+}
+
+namespace eval merge {
+
+proc reset_hard {} {
+	global HEAD commit_type file_states
+
+	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
+		info_popup [mc "Cannot abort while amending.
+
+You must finish amending this commit.
+"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {![lock_index abort]} return
+
+	if {[string match *merge* $commit_type]} {
+		set op_question [mc "Abort merge?
+
+Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.
+
+Continue with aborting the current merge?"]
+	} else {
+		set op_question [mc "Reset changes?
+
+Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.
+
+Continue with resetting the current changes?"]
+	}
+
+	if {[ask_popup $op_question] eq {yes}} {
+		set fd [git_read --stderr read-tree --reset -u -v HEAD]
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
+		fileevent $fd readable [namespace code [list _reset_wait $fd]]
+		$::main_status start [mc "Aborting"] [mc "files reset"]
+	} else {
+		unlock_index
+	}
+}
+
+proc _reset_wait {fd} {
+	global ui_comm
+
+	$::main_status update_meter [read $fd]
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		set fail [catch {close $fd} err]
+		$::main_status stop
+		unlock_index
+
+		$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
+		$ui_comm edit modified false
+
+		catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_HEAD]}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir rr-cache MERGE_RR]}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_RR]}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_MSG]}
+		catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
+
+		if {$fail} {
+			warn_popup "[mc "Abort failed."]\n\n$err"
+		}
+		rescan {ui_status [mc "Abort completed.  Ready."]}
+	} else {
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+	}
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fe90e6970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+# git-gui merge conflict resolution
+# parts based on git-mergetool (c) 2006 Theodore Y. Ts'o
+
+proc merge_resolve_one {stage} {
+	global current_diff_path
+
+	switch -- $stage {
+		1 { set targetquestion [mc "Force resolution to the base version?"] }
+		2 { set targetquestion [mc "Force resolution to this branch?"] }
+		3 { set targetquestion [mc "Force resolution to the other branch?"] }
+	}
+
+	set op_question [strcat $targetquestion "\n" \
+[mc "Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.
+
+%s will be overwritten.
+
+This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge." \
+		[short_path $current_diff_path]]]
+
+	if {[ask_popup $op_question] eq {yes}} {
+		merge_load_stages $current_diff_path [list merge_force_stage $stage]
+	}
+}
+
+proc merge_stage_workdir {path {lno {}}} {
+	global current_diff_path diff_active
+	global current_diff_side ui_workdir
+
+	if {$diff_active} return
+
+	if {$path ne $current_diff_path || $ui_workdir ne $current_diff_side} {
+		show_diff $path $ui_workdir $lno {} [list do_merge_stage_workdir $path]
+	} else {
+		do_merge_stage_workdir $path
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_merge_stage_workdir {path} {
+	global current_diff_path is_conflict_diff
+
+	if {$path ne $current_diff_path} return;
+
+	if {$is_conflict_diff} {
+		if {[ask_popup [mc "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?" \
+				[short_path $path]]] ne {yes}} {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	merge_add_resolution $path
+}
+
+proc merge_add_resolution {path} {
+	global current_diff_path ui_workdir
+
+	set after [next_diff_after_action $ui_workdir $path {} {^_?U}]
+
+	update_index \
+		[mc "Adding resolution for %s" [short_path $path]] \
+		[list $path] \
+		[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
+}
+
+proc merge_force_stage {stage} {
+	global current_diff_path merge_stages
+
+	if {$merge_stages($stage) ne {}} {
+		git checkout-index -f --stage=$stage -- $current_diff_path
+	} else {
+		file delete -- $current_diff_path
+	}
+
+	merge_add_resolution $current_diff_path
+}
+
+proc merge_load_stages {path cont} {
+	global merge_stages_fd merge_stages merge_stages_buf
+
+	if {[info exists merge_stages_fd]} {
+		catch { kill_file_process $merge_stages_fd }
+		catch { close $merge_stages_fd }
+	}
+
+	set merge_stages(0) {}
+	set merge_stages(1) {}
+	set merge_stages(2) {}
+	set merge_stages(3) {}
+	set merge_stages_buf {}
+
+	set merge_stages_fd [eval git_read ls-files -u -z -- {$path}]
+
+	fconfigure $merge_stages_fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
+	fileevent $merge_stages_fd readable [list read_merge_stages $merge_stages_fd $cont]
+}
+
+proc read_merge_stages {fd cont} {
+	global merge_stages_buf merge_stages_fd merge_stages
+
+	append merge_stages_buf [read $fd]
+	set pck [split $merge_stages_buf "\0"]
+	set merge_stages_buf [lindex $pck end]
+
+	if {[eof $fd] && $merge_stages_buf ne {}} {
+		lappend pck {}
+		set merge_stages_buf {}
+	}
+
+	foreach p [lrange $pck 0 end-1] {
+		set fcols [split $p "\t"]
+		set cols  [split [lindex $fcols 0] " "]
+		set stage [lindex $cols 2]
+		
+		set merge_stages($stage) [lrange $cols 0 1]
+	}
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		close $fd
+		unset merge_stages_fd
+		eval $cont
+	}
+}
+
+proc merge_resolve_tool {} {
+	global current_diff_path
+
+	merge_load_stages $current_diff_path [list merge_resolve_tool2]
+}
+
+proc merge_resolve_tool2 {} {
+	global current_diff_path merge_stages
+
+	# Validate the stages
+	if {$merge_stages(2) eq {} ||
+	    [lindex $merge_stages(2) 0] eq {120000} ||
+	    [lindex $merge_stages(2) 0] eq {160000} ||
+	    $merge_stages(3) eq {} ||
+	    [lindex $merge_stages(3) 0] eq {120000} ||
+	    [lindex $merge_stages(3) 0] eq {160000}
+	} {
+		error_popup [mc "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {![file exists $current_diff_path]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Conflict file does not exist"]
+		return
+	}
+
+	# Determine the tool to use
+	set tool [get_config merge.tool]
+	if {$tool eq {}} { set tool meld }
+
+	set merge_tool_path [get_config "mergetool.$tool.path"]
+	if {$merge_tool_path eq {}} {
+		switch -- $tool {
+		emerge { set merge_tool_path "emacs" }
+		araxis { set merge_tool_path "compare" }
+		default { set merge_tool_path $tool }
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Make file names
+	set filebase [file rootname $current_diff_path]
+	set fileext  [file extension $current_diff_path]
+	set basename [lindex [file split $current_diff_path] end]
+
+	set MERGED   $current_diff_path
+	set BASE     "./$MERGED.BASE$fileext"
+	set LOCAL    "./$MERGED.LOCAL$fileext"
+	set REMOTE   "./$MERGED.REMOTE$fileext"
+	set BACKUP   "./$MERGED.BACKUP$fileext"
+
+	set base_stage $merge_stages(1)
+
+	# Build the command line
+	switch -- $tool {
+	kdiff3 {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" --L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		}
+	}
+	tkdiff {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		}
+	}
+	meld {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
+	}
+	gvimdiff {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -f "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
+	}
+	xxdiff {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
+					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
+					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
+					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
+					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
+					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
+					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		}
+	}
+	opendiff {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merge "$MERGED"]
+		}
+	}
+	ecmerge {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" --default --mode=merge3 --to="$MERGED"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" --default --mode=merge2 --to="$MERGED"]
+		}
+	}
+	emerge {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-with-ancestor-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$basename"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$basename"]
+		}
+	}
+	winmerge {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			# This tool does not support 3-way merges.
+			# Use the 'conflict file' resolution feature instead.
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -e -ub "$MERGED"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -e -ub -wl \
+				-dl "Theirs File" -dr "Mine File" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"]
+		}
+	}
+	araxis {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
+				-title1:"'$MERGED (Base)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Local)'" \
+				-title3:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
+				"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
+				 -title1:"'$MERGED (Local)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
+				 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
+		}
+	}
+	p4merge {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"]
+	}
+	vimdiff {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'" $tool]
+		return
+	}
+	default {
+		error_popup [mc "Unsupported merge tool '%s'" $tool]
+		return
+	}
+	}
+
+	merge_tool_start $cmdline $MERGED $BACKUP [list $BASE $LOCAL $REMOTE]
+}
+
+proc delete_temp_files {files} {
+	foreach fname $files {
+		file delete $fname
+	}
+}
+
+proc merge_tool_get_stages {target stages} {
+	global merge_stages
+
+	set i 1
+	foreach fname $stages {
+		if {$merge_stages($i) eq {}} {
+			file delete $fname
+			catch { close [open $fname w] }
+		} else {
+			# A hack to support autocrlf properly
+			git checkout-index -f --stage=$i -- $target
+			file rename -force -- $target $fname
+		}
+		incr i
+	}
+}
+
+proc merge_tool_start {cmdline target backup stages} {
+	global merge_stages mtool_target mtool_tmpfiles mtool_fd mtool_mtime
+
+	if {[info exists mtool_fd]} {
+		if {[ask_popup [mc "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"]] eq {yes}} {
+			catch { kill_file_process $mtool_fd }
+			catch { close $mtool_fd }
+			unset mtool_fd
+
+			set old_backup [lindex $mtool_tmpfiles end]
+			file rename -force -- $old_backup $mtool_target
+			delete_temp_files $mtool_tmpfiles
+		} else {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Save the original file
+	file rename -force -- $target $backup
+
+	# Get the blobs; it destroys $target
+	if {[catch {merge_tool_get_stages $target $stages} err]} {
+		file rename -force -- $backup $target
+		delete_temp_files $stages
+		error_popup [mc "Error retrieving versions:\n%s" $err]
+		return
+	}
+
+	# Restore the conflict file
+	file copy -force -- $backup $target
+
+	# Initialize global state
+	set mtool_target $target
+	set mtool_mtime [file mtime $target]
+	set mtool_tmpfiles $stages
+
+	lappend mtool_tmpfiles $backup
+
+	# Force redirection to avoid interpreting output on stderr
+	# as an error, and launch the tool
+	lappend cmdline {2>@1}
+
+	if {[catch { set mtool_fd [_open_stdout_stderr $cmdline] } err]} {
+		delete_temp_files $mtool_tmpfiles
+		error_popup [mc "Could not start the merge tool:\n\n%s" $err]
+		return
+	}
+
+	ui_status [mc "Running merge tool..."]
+
+	fconfigure $mtool_fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
+	fileevent $mtool_fd readable [list read_mtool_output $mtool_fd]
+}
+
+proc read_mtool_output {fd} {
+	global mtool_fd mtool_tmpfiles
+
+	read $fd
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		unset mtool_fd
+
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+		merge_tool_finish $fd
+	}
+}
+
+proc merge_tool_finish {fd} {
+	global mtool_tmpfiles mtool_target mtool_mtime
+
+	set backup [lindex $mtool_tmpfiles end]
+	set failed 0
+
+	# Check the return code
+	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+		set failed 1
+		if {$err ne {child process exited abnormally}} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Merge tool failed."] "\n\n$err"]
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Finish
+	if {$failed} {
+		file rename -force -- $backup $mtool_target
+		delete_temp_files $mtool_tmpfiles
+		ui_status [mc "Merge tool failed."]
+	} else {
+		if {[is_config_true mergetool.keepbackup]} {
+			file rename -force -- $backup "$mtool_target.orig"
+		}
+
+		delete_temp_files $mtool_tmpfiles
+
+		reshow_diff
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/option.tcl b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d55b49c9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+# git-gui options editor
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc config_check_encodings {} {
+	global repo_config_new global_config_new
+
+	set enc $global_config_new(gui.encoding)
+	if {$enc eq {}} {
+		set global_config_new(gui.encoding) [encoding system]
+	} elseif {[tcl_encoding $enc] eq {}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Invalid global encoding '%s'" $enc]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	set enc $repo_config_new(gui.encoding)
+	if {$enc eq {}} {
+		set repo_config_new(gui.encoding) [encoding system]
+	} elseif {[tcl_encoding $enc] eq {}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Invalid repo encoding '%s'" $enc]
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	return 1
+}
+
+proc save_config {} {
+	global default_config font_descs
+	global repo_config global_config system_config
+	global repo_config_new global_config_new
+	global ui_comm_spell
+
+	foreach option $font_descs {
+		set name [lindex $option 0]
+		set font [lindex $option 1]
+		font configure $font \
+			-family $global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+			-size $global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+		font configure ${font}bold \
+			-family $global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+			-size $global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+		font configure ${font}italic \
+			-family $global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+			-size $global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+		set global_config_new(gui.$name) [font configure $font]
+		unset global_config_new(gui.$font^^family)
+		unset global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+	}
+
+	foreach name [array names default_config] {
+		set value $global_config_new($name)
+		if {$value ne $global_config($name)} {
+			if {$value eq $system_config($name)} {
+				catch {git config --global --unset $name}
+			} else {
+				regsub -all "\[{}\]" $value {"} value
+				git config --global $name $value
+			}
+			set global_config($name) $value
+			if {$value eq $repo_config($name)} {
+				catch {git config --unset $name}
+				set repo_config($name) $value
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach name [array names default_config] {
+		set value $repo_config_new($name)
+		if {$value ne $repo_config($name)} {
+			if {$value eq $global_config($name)} {
+				catch {git config --unset $name}
+			} else {
+				regsub -all "\[{}\]" $value {"} value
+				git config $name $value
+			}
+			set repo_config($name) $value
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {[info exists repo_config(gui.spellingdictionary)]} {
+		set value $repo_config(gui.spellingdictionary)
+		if {$value eq {none}} {
+			if {[info exists ui_comm_spell]} {
+				$ui_comm_spell stop
+			}
+		} elseif {[info exists ui_comm_spell]} {
+			$ui_comm_spell lang $value
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_options {} {
+	global repo_config global_config font_descs
+	global repo_config_new global_config_new
+	global ui_comm_spell
+
+	array unset repo_config_new
+	array unset global_config_new
+	foreach name [array names repo_config] {
+		set repo_config_new($name) $repo_config($name)
+	}
+	load_config 1
+	foreach name [array names repo_config] {
+		switch -- $name {
+		gui.diffcontext {continue}
+		}
+		set repo_config_new($name) $repo_config($name)
+	}
+	foreach name [array names global_config] {
+		set global_config_new($name) $global_config($name)
+	}
+
+	set w .options_editor
+	toplevel $w
+	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.restore -text [mc "Restore Defaults"] \
+		-default normal \
+		-command do_restore_defaults
+	pack $w.buttons.restore -side left
+	button $w.buttons.save -text [mc Save] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [list do_save_config $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.save -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc "Cancel"] \
+		-default normal \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.repo -text [mc "%s Repository" [reponame]]
+	labelframe $w.global -text [mc "Global (All Repositories)"]
+	pack $w.repo -side left -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+	pack $w.global -side right -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	set optid 0
+	foreach option {
+		{t user.name {mc "User Name"}}
+		{t user.email {mc "Email Address"}}
+
+		{b merge.summary {mc "Summarize Merge Commits"}}
+		{i-1..5 merge.verbosity {mc "Merge Verbosity"}}
+		{b merge.diffstat {mc "Show Diffstat After Merge"}}
+		{t merge.tool {mc "Use Merge Tool"}}
+
+		{b gui.trustmtime  {mc "Trust File Modification Timestamps"}}
+		{b gui.pruneduringfetch {mc "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"}}
+		{b gui.matchtrackingbranch {mc "Match Tracking Branches"}}
+		{b gui.fastcopyblame {mc "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"}}
+		{i-20..200 gui.copyblamethreshold {mc "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"}}
+		{i-0..300 gui.blamehistoryctx {mc "Blame History Context Radius (days)"}}
+		{i-1..99 gui.diffcontext {mc "Number of Diff Context Lines"}}
+		{i-0..99 gui.commitmsgwidth {mc "Commit Message Text Width"}}
+		{t gui.newbranchtemplate {mc "New Branch Name Template"}}
+		{c gui.encoding {mc "Default File Contents Encoding"}}
+		} {
+		set type [lindex $option 0]
+		set name [lindex $option 1]
+		set text [eval [lindex $option 2]]
+		incr optid
+		foreach f {repo global} {
+			switch -glob -- $type {
+			b {
+				checkbutton $w.$f.$optid -text $text \
+					-variable ${f}_config_new($name) \
+					-onvalue true \
+					-offvalue false
+				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w
+			}
+			i-* {
+				regexp -- {-(\d+)\.\.(\d+)$} $type _junk min max
+				frame $w.$f.$optid
+				label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
+				spinbox $w.$f.$optid.v \
+					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
+					-from $min \
+					-to $max \
+					-increment 1 \
+					-width [expr {1 + [string length $max]}]
+				bind $w.$f.$optid.v <FocusIn> {%W selection range 0 end}
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side right -anchor e -padx 5
+				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
+			}
+			c -
+			t {
+				frame $w.$f.$optid
+				label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				entry $w.$f.$optid.v \
+					-borderwidth 1 \
+					-relief sunken \
+					-width 20 \
+					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name)
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side left -anchor w \
+					-fill x -expand 1 \
+					-padx 5
+				if {$type eq {c}} {
+					menu $w.$f.$optid.m
+					build_encoding_menu $w.$f.$optid.m \
+						[list set ${f}_config_new($name)] 1
+					button $w.$f.$optid.b \
+						-text [mc "Change"] \
+						-command [list popup_btn_menu \
+							$w.$f.$optid.m $w.$f.$optid.b]
+					pack $w.$f.$optid.b -side left -anchor w
+				}
+				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
+			}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	set all_dicts [linsert \
+		[spellcheck::available_langs] \
+		0 \
+		none]
+	incr optid
+	foreach f {repo global} {
+		if {![info exists ${f}_config_new(gui.spellingdictionary)]} {
+			if {[info exists ui_comm_spell]} {
+				set value [$ui_comm_spell lang]
+			} else {
+				set value none
+			}
+			set ${f}_config_new(gui.spellingdictionary) $value
+		}
+
+		frame $w.$f.$optid
+		label $w.$f.$optid.l -text [mc "Spelling Dictionary:"]
+		eval tk_optionMenu $w.$f.$optid.v \
+			${f}_config_new(gui.spellingdictionary) \
+			$all_dicts
+		pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
+		pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side right -anchor e -padx 5
+		pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
+	}
+	unset all_dicts
+
+	set all_fonts [lsort [font families]]
+	foreach option $font_descs {
+		set name [lindex $option 0]
+		set font [lindex $option 1]
+		set text [eval [lindex $option 2]]
+
+		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+			[font configure $font -family]
+		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
+			[font configure $font -size]
+
+		frame $w.global.$name
+		label $w.global.$name.l -text "$text:"
+		button $w.global.$name.b \
+			-text [mc "Change Font"] \
+			-command [list \
+				choose_font::pick \
+				$w \
+				[mc "Choose %s" $text] \
+				global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+				global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
+				]
+		label $w.global.$name.f -textvariable global_config_new(gui.$font^^family)
+		label $w.global.$name.s -textvariable global_config_new(gui.$font^^size)
+		label $w.global.$name.pt -text [mc "pt."]
+		pack $w.global.$name.l -side left -anchor w
+		pack $w.global.$name.b -side right -anchor e
+		pack $w.global.$name.pt -side right -anchor w
+		pack $w.global.$name.s -side right -anchor w
+		pack $w.global.$name.f -side right -anchor w
+		pack $w.global.$name -side top -anchor w -fill x
+	}
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.save"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [list do_save_config $w]
+
+	if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+		set t [mc "Preferences"]
+	} else {
+		set t [mc "Options"]
+	}
+	wm title $w "[appname] ([reponame]): $t"
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+proc do_restore_defaults {} {
+	global font_descs default_config repo_config system_config
+	global repo_config_new global_config_new
+
+	foreach name [array names default_config] {
+		set repo_config_new($name) $system_config($name)
+		set global_config_new($name) $system_config($name)
+	}
+
+	foreach option $font_descs {
+		set name [lindex $option 0]
+		set repo_config(gui.$name) $system_config(gui.$name)
+	}
+	apply_config
+
+	foreach option $font_descs {
+		set name [lindex $option 0]
+		set font [lindex $option 1]
+		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^family) \
+			[font configure $font -family]
+		set global_config_new(gui.$font^^size) \
+			[font configure $font -size]
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_save_config {w} {
+	if {![config_check_encodings]} return
+	if {[catch {save_config} err]} {
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Failed to completely save options:"] "\n\n$err"]
+	}
+	reshow_diff
+	destroy $w
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b92b429cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+# git-gui remote management
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+set some_heads_tracking 0;  # assume not
+
+proc is_tracking_branch {name} {
+	global tracking_branches
+	foreach spec $tracking_branches {
+		set t [lindex $spec 0]
+		if {$t eq $name || [string match $t $name]} {
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+proc all_tracking_branches {} {
+	global tracking_branches
+
+	set all [list]
+	set pat [list]
+	set cmd [list]
+
+	foreach spec $tracking_branches {
+		set dst [lindex $spec 0]
+		if {[string range $dst end-1 end] eq {/*}} {
+			lappend pat $spec
+			lappend cmd [string range $dst 0 end-2]
+		} else {
+			lappend all $spec
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$pat ne {}} {
+		set fd [eval git_read for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $cmd]
+		while {[gets $fd n] > 0} {
+			foreach spec $pat {
+				set dst [string range [lindex $spec 0] 0 end-2]
+				set len [string length $dst]
+				if {[string equal -length $len $dst $n]} {
+					set src [string range [lindex $spec 2] 0 end-2]
+					set spec [list \
+						$n \
+						[lindex $spec 1] \
+						$src[string range $n $len end] \
+						]
+					lappend all $spec
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		close $fd
+	}
+
+	return [lsort -index 0 -unique $all]
+}
+
+proc load_all_remotes {} {
+	global repo_config
+	global all_remotes tracking_branches some_heads_tracking
+	global remote_url
+
+	set some_heads_tracking 0
+	set all_remotes [list]
+	set trck [list]
+
+	set rh_str refs/heads/
+	set rh_len [string length $rh_str]
+	set rm_dir [gitdir remotes]
+	if {[file isdirectory $rm_dir]} {
+		set all_remotes [glob \
+			-types f \
+			-tails \
+			-nocomplain \
+			-directory $rm_dir *]
+
+		foreach name $all_remotes {
+			catch {
+				set fd [open [file join $rm_dir $name] r]
+				while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+					if {[regexp {^URL:[ 	]*(.+)$} $line line url]} {
+						set remote_url($name) $url
+						continue
+					}
+					if {![regexp {^Pull:[ 	]*([^:]+):(.+)$} \
+						$line line src dst]} continue
+					if {[string index $src 0] eq {+}} {
+						set src [string range $src 1 end]
+					}
+					if {![string equal -length 5 refs/ $src]} {
+						set src $rh_str$src
+					}
+					if {![string equal -length 5 refs/ $dst]} {
+						set dst $rh_str$dst
+					}
+					if {[string equal -length $rh_len $rh_str $dst]} {
+						set some_heads_tracking 1
+					}
+					lappend trck [list $dst $name $src]
+				}
+				close $fd
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach line [array names repo_config remote.*.url] {
+		if {![regexp ^remote\.(.*)\.url\$ $line line name]} continue
+		lappend all_remotes $name
+		set remote_url($name) $repo_config(remote.$name.url)
+
+		if {[catch {set fl $repo_config(remote.$name.fetch)}]} {
+			set fl {}
+		}
+		foreach line $fl {
+			if {![regexp {^([^:]+):(.+)$} $line line src dst]} continue
+			if {[string index $src 0] eq {+}} {
+				set src [string range $src 1 end]
+			}
+			if {![string equal -length 5 refs/ $src]} {
+				set src $rh_str$src
+			}
+			if {![string equal -length 5 refs/ $dst]} {
+				set dst $rh_str$dst
+			}
+			if {[string equal -length $rh_len $rh_str $dst]} {
+				set some_heads_tracking 1
+			}
+			lappend trck [list $dst $name $src]
+		}
+	}
+
+	set tracking_branches [lsort -index 0 -unique $trck]
+	set all_remotes [lsort -unique $all_remotes]
+}
+
+proc add_fetch_entry {r} {
+	global repo_config
+	set remote_m .mbar.remote
+	set fetch_m $remote_m.fetch
+	set prune_m $remote_m.prune
+	set remove_m $remote_m.remove
+	set enable 0
+	if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.url)}]} {
+		if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.fetch)}]} {
+			set enable 1
+		}
+	} else {
+		catch {
+			set fd [open [gitdir remotes $r] r]
+			while {[gets $fd n] >= 0} {
+				if {[regexp {^Pull:[ \t]*([^:]+):} $n]} {
+					set enable 1
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			close $fd
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$enable} {
+		if {![winfo exists $fetch_m]} {
+			menu $remove_m
+			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+				-label [mc "Remove Remote"] \
+				-menu $remove_m
+
+			menu $prune_m
+			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+				-label [mc "Prune from"] \
+				-menu $prune_m
+
+			menu $fetch_m
+			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+				-label [mc "Fetch from"] \
+				-menu $fetch_m
+		}
+
+		$fetch_m add command \
+			-label $r \
+			-command [list fetch_from $r]
+		$prune_m add command \
+			-label $r \
+			-command [list prune_from $r]
+		$remove_m add command \
+			-label $r \
+			-command [list remove_remote $r]
+	}
+}
+
+proc add_push_entry {r} {
+	global repo_config
+	set remote_m .mbar.remote
+	set push_m $remote_m.push
+	set enable 0
+	if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.url)}]} {
+		if {![catch {set a $repo_config(remote.$r.push)}]} {
+			set enable 1
+		}
+	} else {
+		catch {
+			set fd [open [gitdir remotes $r] r]
+			while {[gets $fd n] >= 0} {
+				if {[regexp {^Push:[ \t]*([^:]+):} $n]} {
+					set enable 1
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			close $fd
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$enable} {
+		if {![winfo exists $push_m]} {
+			menu $push_m
+			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+				-label [mc "Push to"] \
+				-menu $push_m
+		}
+
+		$push_m add command \
+			-label $r \
+			-command [list push_to $r]
+	}
+}
+
+proc populate_remotes_menu {} {
+	global all_remotes
+
+	foreach r $all_remotes {
+		add_fetch_entry $r
+		add_push_entry $r
+	}
+}
+
+proc add_single_remote {name location} {
+	global all_remotes repo_config
+	lappend all_remotes $name
+
+	git remote add $name $location
+
+	# XXX: Better re-read the config so that we will never get out
+	# of sync with git remote implementation?
+	set repo_config(remote.$name.url) $location
+	set repo_config(remote.$name.fetch) "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/$name/*"
+
+	add_fetch_entry $name
+	add_push_entry $name
+}
+
+proc delete_from_menu {menu name} {
+	if {[winfo exists $menu]} {
+		$menu delete $name
+	}
+}
+
+proc remove_remote {name} {
+	global all_remotes repo_config
+
+	git remote rm $name
+
+	catch {
+		# Missing values are ok
+		unset repo_config(remote.$name.url)
+		unset repo_config(remote.$name.fetch)
+		unset repo_config(remote.$name.push)
+	}
+
+	set i [lsearch -exact all_remotes $name]
+	lreplace all_remotes $i $i
+
+	set remote_m .mbar.remote
+	delete_from_menu $remote_m.fetch $name
+	delete_from_menu $remote_m.prune $name
+	delete_from_menu $remote_m.remove $name
+	# Not all remotes are in the push menu
+	catch { delete_from_menu $remote_m.push $name }
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb29422aa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+# git-gui remote adding support
+# Copyright (C) 2008 Petr Baudis
+
+class remote_add {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_name         ; # new remote name widget
+field w_loc          ; # new remote location widget
+
+field name         {}; # name of the remote the user has chosen
+field location     {}; # location of the remote the user has chosen
+
+field opt_action fetch; # action to do after registering the remote locally
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Add Remote"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Add New Remote"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Add] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _add]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.desc -text [mc "Remote Details"]
+
+	label $w.desc.name_l -text [mc "Name:"]
+	set w_name $w.desc.name_t
+	entry $w_name \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @name \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand [cb _validate_name %d %S]
+	grid $w.desc.name_l $w_name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+
+	label $w.desc.loc_l -text [mc "Location:"]
+	set w_loc $w.desc.loc_t
+	entry $w_loc \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @location
+	grid $w.desc.loc_l $w_loc -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w.desc 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.desc -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.action -text [mc "Further Action"]
+
+	radiobutton $w.action.fetch \
+		-text [mc "Fetch Immediately"] \
+		-value fetch \
+		-variable @opt_action
+	pack $w.action.fetch -anchor nw
+
+	radiobutton $w.action.push \
+		-text [mc "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"] \
+		-value push \
+		-variable @opt_action
+	pack $w.action.push -anchor nw
+
+	radiobutton $w.action.none \
+		-text [mc "Do Nothing Else Now"] \
+		-value none \
+		-variable @opt_action
+	pack $w.action.none -anchor nw
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w.action 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.action -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _add]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _add {} {
+	global repo_config env
+	global M1B
+
+	if {$name eq {}} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Please supply a remote name."]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	# XXX: We abuse check-ref-format here, but
+	# that should be ok.
+	if {[catch {git check-ref-format "remotes/$name"}]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name." $name]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {add_single_remote $name $location}]} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'." $name $location]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch -- $opt_action {
+	fetch {
+		set c [console::new \
+			[mc "fetch %s" $name] \
+			[mc "Fetching the %s" $name]]
+		console::exec $c [list git fetch $name]
+	}
+	push {
+		set cmds [list]
+
+		# Parse the location
+		if { [regexp {(?:git\+)?ssh://([^/]+)(/.+)} $location xx host path]
+		     || [regexp {([^:][^:]+):(.+)} $location xx host path]} {
+			set ssh ssh
+			if {[info exists env(GIT_SSH)]} {
+				set ssh $env(GIT_SSH)
+			}
+			lappend cmds [list exec $ssh $host mkdir -p $location && git --git-dir=$path init --bare]
+		} elseif { ! [regexp {://} $location xx] } {
+			lappend cmds [list exec mkdir -p $location]
+			lappend cmds [list exec git --git-dir=$location init --bare]
+		} else {
+			tk_messageBox \
+				-icon error \
+				-type ok \
+				-title [wm title $w] \
+				-parent $w \
+				-message [mc "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'." $location]
+			destroy $w
+			return
+		}
+
+		set c [console::new \
+			[mc "push %s" $name] \
+			[mc "Setting up the %s (at %s)" $name $location]]
+
+		lappend cmds [list exec git push -v --all $name]
+		console::chain $c $cmds
+	}
+	none {
+	}
+	}
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _validate_name {d S} {
+	if {$d == 1} {
+		if {[regexp {[~^:?*\[\0- ]} $S]} {
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	$w_name icursor end
+	focus $w_name
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e02fc0d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+# git-gui remote branch deleting support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class remote_branch_delete {
+
+field w
+field head_m
+
+field urltype   {url}
+field remote    {}
+field url       {}
+
+field checktype  {head}
+field check_head {}
+
+field status    {}
+field idle_id   {}
+field full_list {}
+field head_list {}
+field active_ls {}
+field head_cache
+field full_cache
+field cached
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global all_remotes M1B
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Delete Branch Remotely"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Delete Branch Remotely"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.delete -text [mc Delete] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _delete]
+	pack $w.buttons.delete -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc "Cancel"] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.dest -text [mc "From Repository"]
+	if {$all_remotes ne {}} {
+		radiobutton $w.dest.remote_r \
+			-text [mc "Remote:"] \
+			-value remote \
+			-variable @urltype
+		eval tk_optionMenu $w.dest.remote_m @remote $all_remotes
+		grid $w.dest.remote_r $w.dest.remote_m -sticky w
+		if {[lsearch -sorted -exact $all_remotes origin] != -1} {
+			set remote origin
+		} else {
+			set remote [lindex $all_remotes 0]
+		}
+		set urltype remote
+		trace add variable @remote write [cb _write_remote]
+	} else {
+		set urltype url
+	}
+	radiobutton $w.dest.url_r \
+		-text [mc "Arbitrary Location:"] \
+		-value url \
+		-variable @urltype
+	entry $w.dest.url_t \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50 \
+		-textvariable @url \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand {
+			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {\s} %S]} {return 0}
+			return 1
+		}
+	trace add variable @url write [cb _write_url]
+	grid $w.dest.url_r $w.dest.url_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+	grid columnconfigure $w.dest 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.dest -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.heads -text [mc "Branches"]
+	listbox $w.heads.l \
+		-height 10 \
+		-width 70 \
+		-listvariable @head_list \
+		-selectmode extended \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.heads.sby set]
+	scrollbar $w.heads.sby -command [list $w.heads.l yview]
+
+	frame $w.heads.footer
+	label $w.heads.footer.status \
+		-textvariable @status \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	button $w.heads.footer.rescan \
+		-text [mc "Rescan"] \
+		-command [cb _rescan]
+	pack $w.heads.footer.status -side left -fill x
+	pack $w.heads.footer.rescan -side right
+
+	pack $w.heads.footer -side bottom -fill x
+	pack $w.heads.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.heads.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.heads -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.validate -text [mc "Delete Only If"]
+	radiobutton $w.validate.head_r \
+		-text [mc "Merged Into:"] \
+		-value head \
+		-variable @checktype
+	set head_m [tk_optionMenu $w.validate.head_m @check_head {}]
+	trace add variable @head_list write [cb _write_head_list]
+	trace add variable @check_head write [cb _write_check_head]
+	grid $w.validate.head_r $w.validate.head_m -sticky w
+	radiobutton $w.validate.always_r \
+		-text [mc "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"] \
+		-value always \
+		-variable @checktype
+	grid $w.validate.always_r -columnspan 2 -sticky w
+	grid columnconfigure $w.validate 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.validate -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	trace add variable @urltype write [cb _write_urltype]
+	_rescan $this
+
+	bind $w <Key-F5>     [cb _rescan]
+	bind $w <$M1B-Key-r> [cb _rescan]
+	bind $w <$M1B-Key-R> [cb _rescan]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _delete]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	return $w
+}
+
+method _delete {} {
+	switch $urltype {
+	remote {set uri $remote}
+	url    {set uri $url}
+	}
+
+	set cache $urltype:$uri
+	set crev {}
+	if {$checktype eq {head}} {
+		if {$check_head eq {}} {
+			tk_messageBox \
+				-icon error \
+				-type ok \
+				-title [wm title $w] \
+				-parent $w \
+				-message [mc "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."]
+			return
+		}
+		set crev $full_cache("$cache\nrefs/heads/$check_head")
+	}
+
+	set not_merged [list]
+	set need_fetch 0
+	set have_selection 0
+	set push_cmd [list git push]
+	lappend push_cmd -v
+	lappend push_cmd $uri
+
+	foreach i [$w.heads.l curselection] {
+		set ref [lindex $full_list $i]
+		if {$crev ne {}} {
+			set obj $full_cache("$cache\n$ref")
+			if {[catch {set m [git merge-base $obj $crev]}]} {
+				set need_fetch 1
+				set m {}
+			}
+			if {$obj ne $m} {
+				lappend not_merged [lindex $head_list $i]
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		lappend push_cmd :$ref
+		set have_selection 1
+	}
+
+	if {$not_merged ne {}} {
+		set msg [mc "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:
+
+ - %s" $check_head [join $not_merged "\n - "]]
+
+		if {$need_fetch} {
+			append msg "\n\n" [mc "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first." $uri]
+		}
+
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon info \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message $msg
+		if {!$have_selection} return
+	}
+
+	if {!$have_selection} {
+		tk_messageBox \
+			-icon error \
+			-type ok \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Please select one or more branches to delete."]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[tk_messageBox \
+		-icon warning \
+		-type yesno \
+		-title [wm title $w] \
+		-parent $w \
+		-message [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n\nDelete the selected branches?"]] ne yes} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	destroy $w
+
+	set cons [console::new \
+		"push $uri" \
+		[mc "Deleting branches from %s" $uri]]
+	console::exec $cons $push_cmd
+}
+
+method _rescan {{force 1}} {
+	switch $urltype {
+	remote {set uri $remote}
+	url    {set uri $url}
+	}
+
+	if {$force} {
+		unset -nocomplain cached($urltype:$uri)
+	}
+
+	if {$idle_id ne {}} {
+		after cancel $idle_id
+		set idle_id {}
+	}
+
+	_load $this $urltype:$uri $uri
+}
+
+method _write_remote     {args} { set urltype remote }
+method _write_url        {args} { set urltype url    }
+method _write_check_head {args} { set checktype head }
+
+method _write_head_list {args} {
+	$head_m delete 0 end
+	foreach abr $head_list {
+		$head_m insert end radiobutton \
+			-label $abr \
+			-value $abr \
+			-variable @check_head
+	}
+	if {[lsearch -exact -sorted $head_list $check_head] < 0} {
+		set check_head {}
+	}
+}
+
+method _write_urltype {args} {
+	if {$urltype eq {url}} {
+		if {$idle_id ne {}} {
+			after cancel $idle_id
+		}
+		_load $this none: {}
+		set idle_id [after 1000 [cb _rescan 0]]
+	} else {
+		_rescan $this 0
+	}
+}
+
+method _load {cache uri} {
+	if {$active_ls ne {}} {
+		catch {close $active_ls}
+	}
+
+	if {$uri eq {}} {
+		$w.heads.l conf -state disabled
+		set head_list [list]
+		set full_list [list]
+		set status [mc "No repository selected."]
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {set x $cached($cache)}]} {
+		set status [mc "Scanning %s..." $uri]
+		$w.heads.l conf -state disabled
+		set head_list [list]
+		set full_list [list]
+		set head_cache($cache) [list]
+		set full_cache($cache) [list]
+		set active_ls [git_read ls-remote $uri]
+		fconfigure $active_ls \
+			-blocking 0 \
+			-translation lf \
+			-encoding utf-8
+		fileevent $active_ls readable [cb _read $cache $active_ls]
+	} else {
+		set status {}
+		set full_list $full_cache($cache)
+		set head_list $head_cache($cache)
+		$w.heads.l conf -state normal
+	}
+}
+
+method _read {cache fd} {
+	if {$fd ne $active_ls} {
+		catch {close $fd}
+		return
+	}
+
+	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+		if {[string match {*^{}} $line]} continue
+		if {[regexp {^([0-9a-f]{40})	(.*)$} $line _junk obj ref]} {
+			if {[regsub ^refs/heads/ $ref {} abr]} {
+				lappend head_list $abr
+				lappend head_cache($cache) $abr
+				lappend full_list $ref
+				lappend full_cache($cache) $ref
+				set full_cache("$cache\n$ref") $obj
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+			set status $err
+			set head_list [list]
+			set full_list [list]
+		} else {
+			set status {}
+			set cached($cache) 1
+			$w.heads.l conf -state normal
+		}
+	}
+} ifdeleted {
+	catch {close $fd}
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/search.tcl b/git-gui/lib/search.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b371e9a30a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/search.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+# incremental search panel
+# based on code from gitk, Copyright (C) Paul Mackerras
+
+class searchbar {
+
+field w
+field ctext
+
+field searchstring   {}
+field casesensitive  1
+field searchdirn     -forwards
+
+field smarktop
+field smarkbot
+
+constructor new {i_w i_text args} {
+	set w      $i_w
+	set ctext  $i_text
+
+	frame  $w
+	label  $w.l       -text [mc Find:]
+	entry  $w.ent -textvariable ${__this}::searchstring -background lightgreen
+	button $w.bn      -text [mc Next] -command [cb find_next]
+	button $w.bp      -text [mc Prev] -command [cb find_prev]
+	checkbutton $w.cs -text [mc Case-Sensitive] \
+		-variable ${__this}::casesensitive -command [cb _incrsearch]
+	pack   $w.l   -side left
+	pack   $w.cs  -side right
+	pack   $w.bp  -side right
+	pack   $w.bn  -side right
+	pack   $w.ent -side left -expand 1 -fill x
+
+	eval grid conf $w -sticky we $args
+	grid remove $w
+
+	trace add variable searchstring write [cb _incrsearch_cb]
+	
+	bind $w <Destroy> [list delete_this $this]
+	return $this
+}
+
+method show {} {
+	if {![visible $this]} {
+		grid $w
+	}
+	focus -force $w.ent
+}
+
+method hide {} {
+	if {[visible $this]} {
+		focus $ctext
+		grid remove $w
+	}
+}
+
+method visible {} {
+	return [winfo ismapped $w]
+}
+
+method editor {} {
+	return $w.ent
+}
+
+method _get_new_anchor {} {
+	# use start of selection if it is visible,
+	# or the bounds of the visible area
+	set top    [$ctext index @0,0]
+	set bottom [$ctext index @0,[winfo height $ctext]]
+	set sel    [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+	if {$sel ne {}} {
+		set spos [lindex $sel 0]
+		if {[lindex $spos 0] >= [lindex $top 0] &&
+		    [lindex $spos 0] <= [lindex $bottom 0]} {
+			return $spos
+		}
+	}
+	if {$searchdirn eq "-forwards"} {
+		return $top
+	} else {
+		return $bottom
+	}
+}
+
+method _get_wrap_anchor {dir} {
+	if {$dir eq "-forwards"} {
+		return 1.0
+	} else {
+		return end
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_search {start {mlenvar {}} {dir {}} {endbound {}}} {
+	set cmd [list $ctext search]
+	if {$mlenvar ne {}} {
+		upvar $mlenvar mlen
+		lappend cmd -count mlen
+	}
+	if {!$casesensitive} {
+		lappend cmd -nocase
+	}
+	if {$dir eq {}} {
+		set dir $searchdirn
+	}
+	lappend cmd $dir -- $searchstring
+	if {$endbound ne {}} {
+		set here [eval $cmd [list $start] [list $endbound]]
+	} else {
+		set here [eval $cmd [list $start]]
+		if {$here eq {}} {
+			set here [eval $cmd [_get_wrap_anchor $this $dir]]
+		}
+	}
+	return $here
+}
+
+method _incrsearch_cb {name ix op} {
+	after idle [cb _incrsearch]
+}
+
+method _incrsearch {} {
+	$ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+	if {[catch {$ctext index anchor}]} {
+		$ctext mark set anchor [_get_new_anchor $this]
+	}
+	if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+		set here [_do_search $this anchor mlen]
+		if {$here ne {}} {
+			$ctext see $here
+			$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+			$ctext tag add sel $here "$here + $mlen c"
+			$w.ent configure -background lightgreen
+			_set_marks $this 1
+		} else {
+			$w.ent configure -background lightpink
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method find_prev {} {
+	find_next $this -backwards
+}
+
+method find_next {{dir -forwards}} {
+	focus $w.ent
+	$w.ent icursor end
+	set searchdirn $dir
+	$ctext mark unset anchor
+	if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+		set start [_get_new_anchor $this]
+		if {$dir eq "-forwards"} {
+			set start "$start + 1c"
+		}
+		set match [_do_search $this $start mlen]
+		$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+		if {$match ne {}} {
+			$ctext see $match
+			$ctext tag add sel $match "$match + $mlen c"
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method _mark_range {first last} {
+	set mend $first.0
+	while {1} {
+		set match [_do_search $this $mend mlen -forwards $last.end]
+		if {$match eq {}} break
+		set mend "$match + $mlen c"
+		$ctext tag add found $match $mend
+	}
+}
+
+method _set_marks {doall} {
+	set topline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,0] .] 0]
+	set botline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,[winfo height $ctext]] .] 0]
+	if {$doall || $botline < $smarktop || $topline > $smarkbot} {
+		# no overlap with previous
+		_mark_range $this $topline $botline
+		set smarktop $topline
+		set smarkbot $botline
+	} else {
+		if {$topline < $smarktop} {
+			_mark_range $this $topline [expr {$smarktop-1}]
+			set smarktop $topline
+		}
+		if {$botline > $smarkbot} {
+			_mark_range $this [expr {$smarkbot+1}] $botline
+			set smarkbot $botline
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+method scrolled {} {
+	if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+		after idle [cb _set_marks 0]
+	}
+}
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f20eb39c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# git-gui desktop icon creators
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc do_windows_shortcut {} {
+	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
+		-parent . \
+		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-initialfile "Git [reponame].lnk"]
+	if {$fn != {}} {
+		if {[file extension $fn] ne {.lnk}} {
+			set fn ${fn}.lnk
+		}
+		if {[catch {
+				win32_create_lnk $fn [list \
+					[info nameofexecutable] \
+					[file normalize $::argv0] \
+					] \
+					[file dirname [file normalize [gitdir]]]
+			} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot write shortcut:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_cygwin_shortcut {} {
+	global argv0
+
+	if {[catch {
+		set desktop [exec cygpath \
+			--windows \
+			--absolute \
+			--long-name \
+			--desktop]
+		}]} {
+			set desktop .
+	}
+	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
+		-parent . \
+		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-initialdir $desktop \
+		-initialfile "Git [reponame].lnk"]
+	if {$fn != {}} {
+		if {[file extension $fn] ne {.lnk}} {
+			set fn ${fn}.lnk
+		}
+		if {[catch {
+				set sh [exec cygpath \
+					--windows \
+					--absolute \
+					/bin/sh.exe]
+				set me [exec cygpath \
+					--unix \
+					--absolute \
+					$argv0]
+				win32_create_lnk $fn [list \
+					$sh -c \
+					"CHERE_INVOKING=1 source /etc/profile;[sq $me] &" \
+					] \
+					[file dirname [file normalize [gitdir]]]
+			} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot write shortcut:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc do_macosx_app {} {
+	global argv0 env
+
+	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
+		-parent . \
+		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-initialdir [file join $env(HOME) Desktop] \
+		-initialfile "Git [reponame].app"]
+	if {$fn != {}} {
+		if {[file extension $fn] ne {.app}} {
+			set fn ${fn}.app
+		}
+		if {[catch {
+				set Contents [file join $fn Contents]
+				set MacOS [file join $Contents MacOS]
+				set exe [file join $MacOS git-gui]
+
+				file mkdir $MacOS
+
+				set fd [open [file join $Contents Info.plist] w]
+				puts $fd {<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
+	<string>English</string>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>git-gui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.spearce.git-gui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
+	<string>6.0</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>APPL</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>1.0</string>
+	<key>NSPrincipalClass</key>
+	<string>NSApplication</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>}
+				close $fd
+
+				set fd [open $exe w]
+				puts $fd "#!/bin/sh"
+				foreach name [lsort [array names env]] {
+					set value $env($name)
+					switch -- $name {
+					GIT_DIR { set value [file normalize [gitdir]] }
+					}
+
+					switch -glob -- $name {
+					SSH_* -
+					GIT_* {
+						puts $fd "if test \"z\$$name\" = z; then"
+						puts $fd "  export $name=[sq $value]"
+						puts $fd "fi &&"
+					}
+					}
+				}
+				puts $fd "export PATH=[sq [file dirname $::_git]]:\$PATH &&"
+				puts $fd "cd [sq [file normalize [pwd]]] &&"
+				puts $fd "exec \\"
+				puts $fd " [sq [info nameofexecutable]] \\"
+				puts $fd " [sq [file normalize $argv0]]"
+				close $fd
+
+				file attributes $exe -permissions u+x,g+x,o+x
+			} err]} {
+			error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot write icon:"] "\n\n$err"]
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/spellcheck.tcl b/git-gui/lib/spellcheck.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6120303e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/spellcheck.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+# git-gui spellchecking support through ispell/aspell
+# Copyright (C) 2008 Shawn Pearce
+
+class spellcheck {
+
+field s_fd      {} ; # pipe to ispell/aspell
+field s_version {} ; # ispell/aspell version string
+field s_lang    {} ; # current language code
+field s_prog aspell; # are we actually old ispell?
+field s_failed   0 ; # is $s_prog bogus and not working?
+
+field w_text      ; # text widget we are spelling
+field w_menu      ; # context menu for the widget
+field s_menuidx 0 ; # last index of insertion into $w_menu
+
+field s_i           {} ; # timer registration for _run callbacks
+field s_clear        0 ; # did we erase mispelled tags yet?
+field s_seen    [list] ; # lines last seen from $w_text in _run
+field s_checked [list] ; # lines already checked
+field s_pending [list] ; # [$line $data] sent to ispell/aspell
+field s_suggest        ; # array, list of suggestions, keyed by misspelling
+
+constructor init {pipe_fd ui_text ui_menu} {
+	set w_text $ui_text
+	set w_menu $ui_menu
+	array unset s_suggest
+
+	bind_button3 $w_text [cb _popup_suggest %X %Y @%x,%y]
+	_connect $this $pipe_fd
+	return $this
+}
+
+method _connect {pipe_fd} {
+	fconfigure $pipe_fd \
+		-encoding utf-8 \
+		-eofchar {} \
+		-translation lf
+
+	if {[gets $pipe_fd s_version] <= 0} {
+		if {[catch {close $pipe_fd} err]} {
+
+			# Eh?  Is this actually ispell choking on aspell options?
+			#
+			if {$s_prog eq {aspell}
+				&& [regexp -nocase {^Usage: } $err]
+				&& ![catch {
+						set pipe_fd [open [list | $s_prog -v] r]
+						gets $pipe_fd s_version
+						close $pipe_fd
+				}]
+				&& $s_version ne {}} {
+				if {{@(#) } eq [string range $s_version 0 4]} {
+					set s_version [string range $s_version 5 end]
+				}
+				set s_failed 1
+				error_popup [strcat \
+					[mc "Unsupported spell checker"] \
+					":\n\n$s_version"]
+				set s_version {}
+				return
+			}
+
+			regsub -nocase {^Error: } $err {} err
+			if {$s_fd eq {}} {
+				error_popup [strcat [mc "Spell checking is unavailable"] ":\n\n$err"]
+			} else {
+				error_popup [strcat \
+					[mc "Invalid spell checking configuration"] \
+					":\n\n$err\n\n" \
+					[mc "Reverting dictionary to %s." $s_lang]]
+			}
+		} else {
+			error_popup [mc "Spell checker silently failed on startup"]
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {{@(#) } ne [string range $s_version 0 4]} {
+		catch {close $pipe_fd}
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Unrecognized spell checker"] ":\n\n$s_version"]
+		return
+	}
+	set s_version [string range [string trim $s_version] 5 end]
+	regexp \
+		{International Ispell Version .* \(but really (Aspell .*?)\)$} \
+		$s_version _junk s_version
+	regexp {^Aspell (\d)+\.(\d+)} $s_version _junk major minor
+
+	puts $pipe_fd !             ; # enable terse mode
+
+	# fetch the language
+	if {$major > 0 || ($major == 0 && $minor >= 60)} {
+		puts $pipe_fd {$$cr master}
+		flush $pipe_fd
+		gets $pipe_fd s_lang
+		regexp {[/\\]([^/\\]+)\.[^\.]+$} $s_lang _ s_lang
+	} else {
+		set s_lang {}
+	}
+
+	if {$::default_config(gui.spellingdictionary) eq {}
+	 && [get_config gui.spellingdictionary] eq {}} {
+		set ::default_config(gui.spellingdictionary) $s_lang
+	}
+
+	if {$s_fd ne {}} {
+		catch {close $s_fd}
+	}
+	set s_fd $pipe_fd
+
+	fconfigure $s_fd -blocking 0
+	fileevent $s_fd readable [cb _read]
+
+	$w_text tag conf misspelled \
+		-foreground red \
+		-underline 1
+
+	array unset s_suggest
+	set s_seen    [list]
+	set s_checked [list]
+	set s_pending [list]
+	_run $this
+}
+
+method lang {{n {}}} {
+	if {$n ne {} && $s_lang ne $n && !$s_failed} {
+		set spell_cmd [list |]
+		lappend spell_cmd aspell
+		lappend spell_cmd --master=$n
+		lappend spell_cmd --mode=none
+		lappend spell_cmd --encoding=UTF-8
+		lappend spell_cmd pipe
+		_connect $this [open $spell_cmd r+]
+	}
+	return $s_lang
+}
+
+method version {} {
+	if {$s_version ne {}} {
+		return "$s_version, $s_lang"
+	}
+	return {}
+}
+
+method stop {} {
+	while {$s_menuidx > 0} {
+		$w_menu delete 0
+		incr s_menuidx -1
+	}
+	$w_text tag delete misspelled
+
+	catch {close $s_fd}
+	catch {after cancel $s_i}
+	set s_fd {}
+	set s_i {}
+	set s_lang {}
+}
+
+method _popup_suggest {X Y pos} {
+	while {$s_menuidx > 0} {
+		$w_menu delete 0
+		incr s_menuidx -1
+	}
+
+	set b_loc [$w_text index "$pos wordstart"]
+	set e_loc [_wordend $this $b_loc]
+	set orig  [$w_text get $b_loc $e_loc]
+	set tags  [$w_text tag names $b_loc]
+
+	if {[lsearch -exact $tags misspelled] >= 0} {
+		if {[info exists s_suggest($orig)]} {
+			set cnt 0
+			foreach s $s_suggest($orig) {
+				if {$cnt < 5} {
+					$w_menu insert $s_menuidx command \
+						-label $s \
+						-command [cb _replace $b_loc $e_loc $s]
+					incr s_menuidx
+					incr cnt
+				} else {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			$w_menu insert $s_menuidx command \
+				-label [mc "No Suggestions"] \
+				-state disabled
+			incr s_menuidx
+		}
+		$w_menu insert $s_menuidx separator
+		incr s_menuidx
+	}
+
+	$w_text mark set saved-insert insert
+	tk_popup $w_menu $X $Y
+}
+
+method _replace {b_loc e_loc word} {
+	$w_text configure -autoseparators 0
+	$w_text edit separator
+
+	$w_text delete $b_loc $e_loc
+	$w_text insert $b_loc $word
+
+	$w_text edit separator
+	$w_text configure -autoseparators 1
+	$w_text mark set insert saved-insert
+}
+
+method _restart_timer {} {
+	set s_i [after 300 [cb _run]]
+}
+
+proc _match_length {max_line arr_name} {
+	upvar $arr_name a
+
+	if {[llength $a] > $max_line} {
+		set a [lrange $a 0 $max_line]
+	}
+	while {[llength $a] <= $max_line} {
+		lappend a {}
+	}
+}
+
+method _wordend {pos} {
+	set pos  [$w_text index "$pos wordend"]
+	set tags [$w_text tag names $pos]
+	while {[lsearch -exact $tags misspelled] >= 0} {
+		set pos  [$w_text index "$pos +1c"]
+		set tags [$w_text tag names $pos]
+	}
+	return $pos
+}
+
+method _run {} {
+	set cur_pos  [$w_text index {insert -1c}]
+	set cur_line [lindex [split $cur_pos .] 0]
+	set max_line [lindex [split [$w_text index end] .] 0]
+	_match_length $max_line s_seen
+	_match_length $max_line s_checked
+
+	# Nothing in the message buffer?  Nothing to spellcheck.
+	#
+	if {$cur_line == 1
+	 && $max_line == 2
+	 && [$w_text get 1.0 end] eq "\n"} {
+		array unset s_suggest
+		_restart_timer $this
+		return
+	}
+
+	set active 0
+	for {set n 1} {$n <= $max_line} {incr n} {
+		set s [$w_text get "$n.0" "$n.end"]
+
+		# Don't spellcheck the current line unless we are at
+		# a word boundary.  The user might be typing on it.
+		#
+		if {$n == $cur_line
+		 && ![regexp {^\W$} [$w_text get $cur_pos insert]]} {
+
+			# If the current word is mispelled remove the tag
+			# but force a spellcheck later.
+			#
+			set tags [$w_text tag names $cur_pos]
+			if {[lsearch -exact $tags misspelled] >= 0} {
+				$w_text tag remove misspelled \
+					"$cur_pos wordstart" \
+					[_wordend $this $cur_pos]
+				lset s_seen    $n $s
+				lset s_checked $n {}
+			}
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if {[lindex $s_seen    $n] eq $s
+		 && [lindex $s_checked $n] ne $s} {
+			# Don't send empty lines to Aspell it doesn't check them.
+			#
+			if {$s eq {}} {
+				lset s_checked $n $s
+				continue
+			}
+
+			# Don't send typical s-b-o lines as the emails are
+			# almost always misspelled according to Aspell.
+			#
+			if {[regexp -nocase {^[a-z-]+-by:.*<.*@.*>$} $s]} {
+				$w_text tag remove misspelled "$n.0" "$n.end"
+				lset s_checked $n $s
+				continue
+			}
+
+			puts $s_fd ^$s
+			lappend s_pending [list $n $s]
+			set active 1
+		} else {
+			# Delay until another idle loop to make sure we don't
+			# spellcheck lines the user is actively changing.
+			#
+			lset s_seen $n $s
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$active} {
+		set s_clear 1
+		flush $s_fd
+	} else {
+		_restart_timer $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _read {} {
+	while {[gets $s_fd line] >= 0} {
+		set lineno [lindex $s_pending 0 0]
+		set line [string trim $line]
+
+		if {$s_clear} {
+			$w_text tag remove misspelled "$lineno.0" "$lineno.end"
+			set s_clear 0
+		}
+
+		if {$line eq {}} {
+			lset s_checked $lineno [lindex $s_pending 0 1]
+			set s_pending [lrange $s_pending 1 end]
+			set s_clear 1
+			continue
+		}
+
+		set sugg [list]
+		switch -- [string range $line 0 1] {
+		{& } {
+			set line [split [string range $line 2 end] :]
+			set info [split [lindex $line 0] { }]
+			set orig [lindex $info 0]
+			set offs [lindex $info 2]
+			foreach s [split [lindex $line 1] ,] {
+				lappend sugg [string range $s 1 end]
+			}
+		}
+		{# } {
+			set info [split [string range $line 2 end] { }]
+			set orig [lindex $info 0]
+			set offs [lindex $info 1]
+		}
+		default {
+			puts stderr "<spell> $line"
+			continue
+		}
+		}
+
+		incr offs -1
+		set b_loc "$lineno.$offs"
+		set e_loc [$w_text index "$lineno.$offs wordend"]
+		set curr [$w_text get $b_loc $e_loc]
+
+		# At least for English curr = "bob", orig = "bob's"
+		# so Tk didn't include the 's but Aspell did.  We
+		# try to round out the word.
+		#
+		while {$curr ne $orig
+		 && [string equal -length [string length $curr] $curr $orig]} {
+			set n_loc  [$w_text index "$e_loc +1c"]
+			set n_curr [$w_text get $b_loc $n_loc]
+			if {$n_curr eq $curr} {
+				break
+			}
+			set curr  $n_curr
+			set e_loc $n_loc
+		}
+
+		if {$curr eq $orig} {
+			$w_text tag add misspelled $b_loc $e_loc
+			if {[llength $sugg] > 0} {
+				set s_suggest($orig) $sugg
+			} else {
+				unset -nocomplain s_suggest($orig)
+			}
+		} else {
+			unset -nocomplain s_suggest($orig)
+		}
+	}
+
+	fconfigure $s_fd -block 1
+	if {[eof $s_fd]} {
+		if {![catch {close $s_fd} err]} {
+			set err [mc "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"]
+		}
+		catch {after cancel $s_i}
+		$w_text tag remove misspelled 1.0 end
+		error_popup [strcat [mc "Spell Checker Failed"] "\n\n" $err]
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $s_fd -block 0
+
+	if {[llength $s_pending] == 0} {
+		_restart_timer $this
+	}
+}
+
+proc available_langs {} {
+	set langs [list]
+	catch {
+		set fd [open [list | aspell dump dicts] r]
+		while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+			if {$line eq {}} continue
+			lappend langs $line
+		}
+		close $fd
+	}
+	return $langs
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82a1a80ff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# git-gui about git-gui dialog
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc find_ssh_key {} {
+	foreach name {~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/identity.pub} {
+		if {[file exists $name]} {
+			set fh    [open $name r]
+			set cont  [read $fh]
+			close $fh
+			return [list $name $cont]
+		}
+	}
+
+	return {}
+}
+
+proc do_ssh_key {} {
+	global sshkey_title have_tk85 sshkey_fd
+
+	set w .sshkey_dialog
+	if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+		raise $w
+		return
+	}
+
+	toplevel $w
+	wm transient $w .
+
+	set finfo [find_ssh_key]
+	if {$finfo eq {}} {
+		set sshkey_title [mc "No keys found."]
+		set gen_state   normal
+	} else {
+		set sshkey_title [mc "Found a public key in: %s" [lindex $finfo 0]]
+		set gen_state   disabled
+	}
+
+	frame $w.header -relief flat
+	label $w.header.lbl -textvariable sshkey_title -anchor w
+	button $w.header.gen -text [mc "Generate Key"] \
+		-command [list make_ssh_key $w] -state $gen_state
+	pack $w.header.lbl -side left -expand 1 -fill x
+	pack $w.header.gen -side right
+	pack $w.header -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	text $w.contents -width 60 -height 10 -wrap char -relief sunken
+	pack $w.contents -fill both -expand 1
+	if {$have_tk85} {
+		$w.contents configure -inactiveselectbackground darkblue
+	}
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.close -text [mc Close] \
+		-default active -command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.close -side right
+	button $w.buttons.copy -text [mc "Copy To Clipboard"] \
+		-command [list tk_textCopy $w.contents]
+	pack $w.buttons.copy -side left
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	if {$finfo ne {}} {
+		$w.contents insert end [lindex $finfo 1] sel
+	}
+	$w.contents configure -state disabled
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.close"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+	bind $w <Destroy> kill_sshkey
+	wm title $w [mc "Your OpenSSH Public Key"]
+	tk::PlaceWindow $w widget .
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+proc make_ssh_key {w} {
+	global sshkey_title sshkey_output sshkey_fd
+
+	set sshkey_title [mc "Generating..."]
+	$w.header.gen configure -state disabled
+
+	set cmdline [list sh -c {echo | ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa 2>&1}]
+
+	if {[catch { set sshkey_fd [_open_stdout_stderr $cmdline] } err]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Could not start ssh-keygen:\n\n%s" $err]
+		return
+	}
+
+	set sshkey_output {}
+	fconfigure $sshkey_fd -blocking 0
+	fileevent $sshkey_fd readable [list read_sshkey_output $sshkey_fd $w]
+}
+
+proc kill_sshkey {} {
+	global sshkey_fd
+	if {![info exists sshkey_fd]} return
+	catch { kill_file_process $sshkey_fd }
+	catch { close $sshkey_fd }
+}
+
+proc read_sshkey_output {fd w} {
+	global sshkey_fd sshkey_output sshkey_title
+
+	set sshkey_output "$sshkey_output[read $fd]"
+	if {![eof $fd]} return
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	unset sshkey_fd
+
+	$w.contents configure -state normal
+	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+		set sshkey_title [mc "Generation failed."]
+		$w.contents insert end $err
+		$w.contents insert end "\n"
+		$w.contents insert end $sshkey_output
+	} else {
+		set finfo [find_ssh_key]
+		if {$finfo eq {}} {
+			set sshkey_title [mc "Generation succeded, but no keys found."]
+			$w.contents insert end $sshkey_output
+		} else {
+			set sshkey_title [mc "Your key is in: %s" [lindex $finfo 0]]
+			$w.contents insert end [lindex $finfo 1] sel
+		}
+	}
+	$w.contents configure -state disable
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl b/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51d4177551
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# git-gui status bar mega-widget
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+class status_bar {
+
+field w         ; # our own window path
+field w_l       ; # text widget we draw messages into
+field w_c       ; # canvas we draw a progress bar into
+field c_pack    ; # script to pack the canvas with
+field status  {}; # single line of text we show
+field prefix  {}; # text we format into status
+field units   {}; # unit of progress
+field meter   {}; # current core git progress meter (if active)
+
+constructor new {path} {
+	set w $path
+	set w_l $w.l
+	set w_c $w.c
+
+	frame $w \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken
+	label $w_l \
+		-textvariable @status \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	pack $w_l -side left
+	set c_pack [cb _oneline_pack]
+
+	bind $w <Destroy> [cb _delete %W]
+	return $this
+}
+
+method _oneline_pack {} {
+	$w_c conf -width 100
+	pack $w_c -side right
+}
+
+constructor two_line {path} {
+	set w $path
+	set w_l $w.l
+	set w_c $w.c
+
+	frame $w
+	label $w_l \
+		-textvariable @status \
+		-anchor w \
+		-justify left
+	pack $w_l -anchor w -fill x
+	set c_pack [list pack $w_c -fill x]
+
+	bind $w <Destroy> [cb _delete %W]
+	return $this
+}
+
+method start {msg uds} {
+	if {[winfo exists $w_c]} {
+		$w_c coords bar 0 0 0 20
+	} else {
+		canvas $w_c \
+			-height [expr {int([winfo reqheight $w_l] * 0.6)}] \
+			-borderwidth 1 \
+			-relief groove \
+			-highlightt 0
+		$w_c create rectangle 0 0 0 20 -tags bar -fill navy
+		eval $c_pack
+	}
+
+	set status $msg
+	set prefix $msg
+	set units  $uds
+	set meter  {}
+}
+
+method update {have total} {
+	set pdone 0
+	if {$total > 0} {
+		set pdone [expr {100 * $have / $total}]
+		set cdone [expr {[winfo width $w_c] * $have / $total}]
+	}
+
+	set prec [string length [format %i $total]]
+	set status [mc "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)" \
+		$prefix \
+		$prec $have \
+		$prec $total \
+		$units $pdone]
+	$w_c coords bar 0 0 $cdone 20
+}
+
+method update_meter {buf} {
+	append meter $buf
+	set r [string last "\r" $meter]
+	if {$r == -1} {
+		return
+	}
+
+	set prior [string range $meter 0 $r]
+	set meter [string range $meter [expr {$r + 1}] end]
+	set p "\\((\\d+)/(\\d+)\\)"
+	if {[regexp ":\\s*\\d+% $p\(?:, done.\\s*\n|\\s*\r)\$" $prior _j a b]} {
+		update $this $a $b
+	} elseif {[regexp "$p\\s+done\r\$" $prior _j a b]} {
+		update $this $a $b
+	}
+}
+
+method stop {{msg {}}} {
+	destroy $w_c
+	if {$msg ne {}} {
+		set status $msg
+	}
+}
+
+method show {msg {test {}}} {
+	if {$test eq {} || $status eq $test} {
+		set status $msg
+	}
+}
+
+method _delete {current} {
+	if {$current eq $w} {
+		delete_this
+	}
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..95e6e5553e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# git-gui Tools menu implementation
+
+proc tools_list {} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	set names {}
+	foreach item [array names repo_config guitool.*.cmd] {
+		lappend names [string range $item 8 end-4]
+	}
+	return [lsort $names]
+}
+
+proc tools_populate_all {} {
+	global tools_menubar tools_menutbl
+	global tools_tailcnt
+
+	set mbar_end [$tools_menubar index end]
+	set mbar_base [expr {$mbar_end - $tools_tailcnt}]
+	if {$mbar_base >= 0} {
+		$tools_menubar delete 0 $mbar_base
+	}
+
+	array unset tools_menutbl
+
+	foreach fullname [tools_list] {
+		tools_populate_one $fullname
+	}
+}
+
+proc tools_create_item {parent args} {
+	global tools_menubar tools_tailcnt
+	if {$parent eq $tools_menubar} {
+		set pos [expr {[$parent index end]-$tools_tailcnt+1}]
+		eval [list $parent insert $pos] $args
+	} else {
+		eval [list $parent add] $args
+	}
+}
+
+proc tools_populate_one {fullname} {
+	global tools_menubar tools_menutbl tools_id
+
+	if {![info exists tools_id]} {
+		set tools_id 0
+	}
+
+	set names [split $fullname '/']
+	set parent $tools_menubar
+	for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $names]-1} {incr i} {
+		set subname [join [lrange $names 0 $i] '/']
+		if {[info exists tools_menutbl($subname)]} {
+			set parent $tools_menutbl($subname)
+		} else {
+			set subid $parent.t$tools_id
+			tools_create_item $parent cascade \
+					-label [lindex $names $i] -menu $subid
+			menu $subid
+			set tools_menutbl($subname) $subid
+			set parent $subid
+			incr tools_id
+		}
+	}
+
+	tools_create_item $parent command \
+		-label [lindex $names end] \
+		-command [list tools_exec $fullname]
+}
+
+proc tools_exec {fullname} {
+	global repo_config env current_diff_path
+	global current_branch is_detached
+
+	if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.needsfile"]} {
+		if {$current_diff_path eq {}} {
+			error_popup [mc "Running %s requires a selected file." $fullname]
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	catch { unset env(ARGS) }
+	catch { unset env(REVISION) }
+
+	if {[get_config "guitool.$fullname.revprompt"] ne {} ||
+	    [get_config "guitool.$fullname.argprompt"] ne {}} {
+		set dlg [tools_askdlg::dialog $fullname]
+		if {![tools_askdlg::execute $dlg]} {
+			return
+		}
+	} elseif {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.confirm"]} {
+		if {[ask_popup [mc "Are you sure you want to run %s?" $fullname]] ne {yes}} {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	set env(GIT_GUITOOL) $fullname
+	set env(FILENAME) $current_diff_path
+	if {$is_detached} {
+		set env(CUR_BRANCH) ""
+	} else {
+		set env(CUR_BRANCH) $current_branch
+	}
+
+	set cmdline $repo_config(guitool.$fullname.cmd)
+	if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.noconsole"]} {
+		tools_run_silent [list sh -c $cmdline] \
+				 [list tools_complete $fullname {}]
+	} else {
+		regsub {/} $fullname { / } title
+		set w [console::new \
+			[mc "Tool: %s" $title] \
+			[mc "Running: %s" $cmdline]]
+		console::exec $w [list sh -c $cmdline] \
+				 [list tools_complete $fullname $w]
+	}
+
+	unset env(GIT_GUITOOL)
+	unset env(FILENAME)
+	unset env(CUR_BRANCH)
+	catch { unset env(ARGS) }
+	catch { unset env(REVISION) }
+}
+
+proc tools_run_silent {cmd after} {
+	lappend cmd 2>@1
+	set fd [_open_stdout_stderr $cmd]
+
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
+	fileevent $fd readable [list tools_consume_input $fd $after]
+}
+
+proc tools_consume_input {fd after} {
+	read $fd
+	if {[eof $fd]} {
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+		if {[catch {close $fd}]} {
+			uplevel #0 $after 0
+		} else {
+			uplevel #0 $after 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+proc tools_complete {fullname w {ok 1}} {
+	if {$w ne {}} {
+		console::done $w $ok
+	}
+
+	if {$ok} {
+		set msg [mc "Tool completed successfully: %s" $fullname]
+	} else {
+		set msg [mc "Tool failed: %s" $fullname]
+	}
+
+	if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.norescan"]} {
+		ui_status $msg
+	} else {
+		rescan [list ui_status $msg]
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f7f08e239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+# git-gui Tools menu dialogs
+
+class tools_add {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_name         ; # new remote name widget
+field w_cmd          ; # new remote location widget
+
+field name         {}; # name of the tool
+field command      {}; # command to execute
+field add_global    0; # add to the --global config
+field no_console    0; # disable using the console
+field needs_file    0; # ensure filename is set
+field confirm       0; # ask for confirmation
+field ask_branch    0; # ask for a revision
+field ask_args      0; # ask for additional args
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Add Tool"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+		wm transient $top .
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Add New Tool Command"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	checkbutton $w.buttons.global \
+		-text [mc "Add globally"] \
+		-variable @add_global
+	pack $w.buttons.global -side left -padx 5
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Add] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _add]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.desc -text [mc "Tool Details"]
+
+	label $w.desc.name_cmnt -anchor w\
+		-text [mc "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"]
+	grid x $w.desc.name_cmnt -sticky we -padx {0 5} -pady {0 2}
+	label $w.desc.name_l -text [mc "Name:"]
+	set w_name $w.desc.name_t
+	entry $w_name \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @name \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand [cb _validate_name %d %S]
+	grid $w.desc.name_l $w_name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+
+	label $w.desc.cmd_l -text [mc "Command:"]
+	set w_cmd $w.desc.cmd_t
+	entry $w_cmd \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 40 \
+		-textvariable @command
+	grid $w.desc.cmd_l $w_cmd -sticky we -padx {0 5} -pady {0 3}
+
+	grid columnconfigure $w.desc 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.desc -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	checkbutton $w.confirm \
+		-text [mc "Show a dialog before running"] \
+		-variable @confirm -command [cb _check_enable_dlg]
+
+	labelframe $w.dlg -labelwidget $w.confirm
+
+	checkbutton $w.dlg.askbranch \
+		-text [mc "Ask the user to select a revision (sets \$REVISION)"] \
+		-variable @ask_branch -state disabled
+	pack $w.dlg.askbranch -anchor w -padx 15
+
+	checkbutton $w.dlg.askargs \
+		-text [mc "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets \$ARGS)"] \
+		-variable @ask_args -state disabled
+	pack $w.dlg.askargs -anchor w -padx 15
+
+	pack $w.dlg -anchor nw -fill x -pady {0 8} -padx 5
+
+	checkbutton $w.noconsole \
+		-text [mc "Don't show the command output window"] \
+		-variable @no_console
+	pack $w.noconsole -anchor w -padx 5
+
+	checkbutton $w.needsfile \
+		-text [mc "Run only if a diff is selected (\$FILENAME not empty)"] \
+		-variable @needs_file
+	pack $w.needsfile -anchor w -padx 5
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _add]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _check_enable_dlg {} {
+	if {$confirm} {
+		$w.dlg.askbranch configure -state normal
+		$w.dlg.askargs configure -state normal
+	} else {
+		$w.dlg.askbranch configure -state disabled
+		$w.dlg.askargs configure -state disabled
+	}
+}
+
+method _add {} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	if {$name eq {}} {
+		error_popup [mc "Please supply a name for the tool."]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	set item "guitool.$name.cmd"
+
+	if {[info exists repo_config($item)]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Tool '%s' already exists." $name]
+		focus $w_name
+		return
+	}
+
+	set cmd [list git config]
+	if {$add_global} { lappend cmd --global }
+	set items {}
+	if {$no_console} { lappend items "guitool.$name.noconsole" }
+	if {$needs_file} { lappend items "guitool.$name.needsfile" }
+	if {$confirm} {
+		if {$ask_args}   { lappend items "guitool.$name.argprompt" }
+		if {$ask_branch} { lappend items "guitool.$name.revprompt" }
+		if {!$ask_args && !$ask_branch} {
+			lappend items "guitool.$name.confirm"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {[catch {
+		eval $cmd [list $item $command]
+		foreach citem $items { eval $cmd [list $citem yes] }
+	    } err]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Could not add tool:\n%s" $err]
+	} else {
+		set repo_config($item) $command
+		foreach citem $items { set repo_config($citem) yes }
+
+		tools_populate_all
+	}
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _validate_name {d S} {
+	if {$d == 1} {
+		if {[regexp {[~?*&\[\0\"\\\{]} $S]} {
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+	return 1
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	$w_name icursor end
+	focus $w_name
+}
+
+}
+
+class tools_remove {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_names        ; # name list
+
+constructor dialog {} {
+	global repo_config global_config system_config
+
+	load_config 1
+
+	make_toplevel top w
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Remove Tool"]]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+		wm transient $top .
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Remove Tool Commands"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Remove] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [cb _remove]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc Cancel] \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	frame $w.list
+	set w_names $w.list.l
+	listbox $w_names \
+		-height 10 \
+		-width 30 \
+		-selectmode extended \
+		-exportselection false \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.list.sby set]
+	scrollbar $w.list.sby -command [list $w.list.l yview]
+	pack $w.list.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.list.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.list -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	set local_cnt 0
+	foreach fullname [tools_list] {
+		# Cannot delete system tools
+		if {[info exists system_config(guitool.$fullname.cmd)]} continue
+
+		$w_names insert end $fullname
+		if {![info exists global_config(guitool.$fullname.cmd)]} {
+			$w_names itemconfigure end -foreground blue
+			incr local_cnt
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {$local_cnt > 0} {
+		label $w.colorlbl -foreground blue \
+			-text [mc "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"]
+		pack $w.colorlbl -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+	}
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _remove]\;break
+	tkwait window $w
+}
+
+method _remove {} {
+	foreach i [$w_names curselection] {
+		set name [$w_names get $i]
+
+		catch { git config --remove-section guitool.$name }
+		catch { git config --global --remove-section guitool.$name }
+	}
+
+	load_config 0
+	tools_populate_all
+
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	focus $w_names
+}
+
+}
+
+class tools_askdlg {
+
+field w              ; # widget path
+field w_rev        {}; # revision browser
+field w_args       {}; # arguments
+
+field is_ask_args   0; # has arguments field
+field is_ask_revs   0; # has revision browser
+
+field is_ok         0; # ok to start
+field argstr       {}; # arguments
+
+constructor dialog {fullname} {
+	global M1B
+
+	set title [get_config "guitool.$fullname.title"]
+	if {$title eq {}} {
+		regsub {/} $fullname { / } title
+	}
+
+	make_toplevel top w -autodelete 0
+	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " $title]
+	if {$top ne {.}} {
+		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+		wm transient $top .
+	}
+
+	set prompt [get_config "guitool.$fullname.prompt"]
+	if {$prompt eq {}} {
+		set command [get_config "guitool.$fullname.cmd"]
+		set prompt [mc "Run Command: %s" $command]
+	}
+
+	label $w.header -text $prompt -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	set argprompt [get_config "guitool.$fullname.argprompt"]
+	set revprompt [get_config "guitool.$fullname.revprompt"]
+
+	set is_ask_args [expr {$argprompt ne {}}]
+	set is_ask_revs [expr {$revprompt ne {}}]
+
+	if {$is_ask_args} {
+		if {$argprompt eq {yes} || $argprompt eq {true} || $argprompt eq {1}} {
+			set argprompt [mc "Arguments"]
+		}
+
+		labelframe $w.arg -text $argprompt
+
+		set w_args $w.arg.txt
+		entry $w_args \
+			-borderwidth 1 \
+			-relief sunken \
+			-width 40 \
+			-textvariable @argstr
+		pack $w_args -padx 5 -pady 5 -fill both
+		pack $w.arg -anchor nw -fill both -pady 5 -padx 5
+	}
+
+	if {$is_ask_revs} {
+		if {$revprompt eq {yes} || $revprompt eq {true} || $revprompt eq {1}} {
+			set revprompt [mc "Revision"]
+		}
+
+		if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.revunmerged"]} {
+			set w_rev [::choose_rev::new_unmerged $w.rev $revprompt]
+		} else {
+			set w_rev [::choose_rev::new $w.rev $revprompt]
+		}
+
+		pack $w.rev -anchor nw -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+	}
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	if {$is_ask_revs} {
+		button $w.buttons.visualize \
+			-text [mc Visualize] \
+			-command [cb _visualize]
+		pack $w.buttons.visualize -side left
+	}
+	button $w.buttons.ok \
+		-text [mc OK] \
+		-command [cb _start]
+	pack $w.buttons.ok -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel \
+		-text [mc "Cancel"] \
+		-command [cb _cancel]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	bind $w <$M1B-Key-Return> [cb _start]
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [cb _start]
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> [cb _cancel]
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW [cb _cancel]
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> [cb _visible]
+	return $this
+}
+
+method execute {} {
+	tkwait window $w
+	set rv $is_ok
+	delete_this
+	return $rv
+}
+
+method _visible {} {
+	grab $w
+	if {$is_ask_args} {
+		focus $w_args
+	} elseif {$is_ask_revs} {
+		$w_rev focus_filter
+	}
+}
+
+method _cancel {} {
+	wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW {}
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+method _rev {} {
+	if {[catch {$w_rev commit_or_die}]} {
+		return {}
+	}
+	return [$w_rev get]
+}
+
+method _visualize {} {
+	global current_branch
+	set rev [_rev $this]
+	if {$rev ne {}} {
+		do_gitk [list --left-right "$current_branch...$rev"]
+	}
+}
+
+method _start {} {
+	global env
+
+	if {$is_ask_revs} {
+		set name [_rev $this]
+		if {$name eq {}} {
+			return
+		}
+		set env(REVISION) $name
+	}
+
+	if {$is_ask_args} {
+		set env(ARGS) $argstr
+	}
+
+	set is_ok 1
+	_cancel $this
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b18d9c7a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# git-gui transport (fetch/push) support
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc fetch_from {remote} {
+	set w [console::new \
+		[mc "fetch %s" $remote] \
+		[mc "Fetching new changes from %s" $remote]]
+	set cmds [list]
+	lappend cmds [list exec git fetch $remote]
+	if {[is_config_true gui.pruneduringfetch]} {
+		lappend cmds [list exec git remote prune $remote]
+	}
+	console::chain $w $cmds
+}
+
+proc prune_from {remote} {
+	set w [console::new \
+		[mc "remote prune %s" $remote] \
+		[mc "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s" $remote]]
+	console::exec $w [list git remote prune $remote]
+}
+
+proc push_to {remote} {
+	set w [console::new \
+		[mc "push %s" $remote] \
+		[mc "Pushing changes to %s" $remote]]
+	set cmd [list git push]
+	lappend cmd -v
+	lappend cmd $remote
+	console::exec $w $cmd
+}
+
+proc start_push_anywhere_action {w} {
+	global push_urltype push_remote push_url push_thin push_tags
+	global push_force
+	global repo_config
+
+	set is_mirror 0
+	set r_url {}
+	switch -- $push_urltype {
+	remote {
+		set r_url $push_remote
+		catch {set is_mirror $repo_config(remote.$push_remote.mirror)}
+	}
+	url {set r_url $push_url}
+	}
+	if {$r_url eq {}} return
+
+	set cmd [list git push]
+	lappend cmd -v
+	if {$push_thin} {
+		lappend cmd --thin
+	}
+	if {$push_force} {
+		lappend cmd --force
+	}
+	if {$push_tags} {
+		lappend cmd --tags
+	}
+	lappend cmd $r_url
+	if {$is_mirror} {
+		set cons [console::new \
+			[mc "push %s" $r_url] \
+			[mc "Mirroring to %s" $r_url]]
+	} else {
+		set cnt 0
+		foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
+			set b [$w.source.l get $i]
+			lappend cmd "refs/heads/$b:refs/heads/$b"
+			incr cnt
+		}
+		if {$cnt == 0} {
+			return
+		} elseif {$cnt == 1} {
+			set unit branch
+		} else {
+			set unit branches
+		}
+
+		set cons [console::new \
+			[mc "push %s" $r_url] \
+			[mc "Pushing %s %s to %s" $cnt $unit $r_url]]
+	}
+	console::exec $cons $cmd
+	destroy $w
+}
+
+trace add variable push_remote write \
+	[list radio_selector push_urltype remote]
+
+proc do_push_anywhere {} {
+	global all_remotes current_branch
+	global push_urltype push_remote push_url push_thin push_tags
+	global push_force
+
+	set w .push_setup
+	toplevel $w
+	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
+
+	label $w.header -text [mc "Push Branches"] -font font_uibold
+	pack $w.header -side top -fill x
+
+	frame $w.buttons
+	button $w.buttons.create -text [mc Push] \
+		-default active \
+		-command [list start_push_anywhere_action $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.create -side right
+	button $w.buttons.cancel -text [mc "Cancel"] \
+		-default normal \
+		-command [list destroy $w]
+	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
+	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+
+	labelframe $w.source -text [mc "Source Branches"]
+	listbox $w.source.l \
+		-height 10 \
+		-width 70 \
+		-selectmode extended \
+		-yscrollcommand [list $w.source.sby set]
+	foreach h [load_all_heads] {
+		$w.source.l insert end $h
+		if {$h eq $current_branch} {
+			$w.source.l select set end
+		}
+	}
+	scrollbar $w.source.sby -command [list $w.source.l yview]
+	pack $w.source.sby -side right -fill y
+	pack $w.source.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $w.source -fill both -expand 1 -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.dest -text [mc "Destination Repository"]
+	if {$all_remotes ne {}} {
+		radiobutton $w.dest.remote_r \
+			-text [mc "Remote:"] \
+			-value remote \
+			-variable push_urltype
+		eval tk_optionMenu $w.dest.remote_m push_remote $all_remotes
+		grid $w.dest.remote_r $w.dest.remote_m -sticky w
+		if {[lsearch -sorted -exact $all_remotes origin] != -1} {
+			set push_remote origin
+		} else {
+			set push_remote [lindex $all_remotes 0]
+		}
+		set push_urltype remote
+	} else {
+		set push_urltype url
+	}
+	radiobutton $w.dest.url_r \
+		-text [mc "Arbitrary Location:"] \
+		-value url \
+		-variable push_urltype
+	entry $w.dest.url_t \
+		-borderwidth 1 \
+		-relief sunken \
+		-width 50 \
+		-textvariable push_url \
+		-validate key \
+		-validatecommand {
+			if {%d == 1 && [regexp {\s} %S]} {return 0}
+			if {%d == 1 && [string length %S] > 0} {
+				set push_urltype url
+			}
+			return 1
+		}
+	grid $w.dest.url_r $w.dest.url_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
+	grid columnconfigure $w.dest 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.dest -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	labelframe $w.options -text [mc "Transfer Options"]
+	checkbutton $w.options.force \
+		-text [mc "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"] \
+		-variable push_force
+	grid $w.options.force -columnspan 2 -sticky w
+	checkbutton $w.options.thin \
+		-text [mc "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"] \
+		-variable push_thin
+	grid $w.options.thin -columnspan 2 -sticky w
+	checkbutton $w.options.tags \
+		-text [mc "Include tags"] \
+		-variable push_tags
+	grid $w.options.tags -columnspan 2 -sticky w
+	grid columnconfigure $w.options 1 -weight 1
+	pack $w.options -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
+
+	set push_url {}
+	set push_force 0
+	set push_thin 0
+	set push_tags 0
+
+	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.create"
+	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+	bind $w <Key-Return> [list start_push_anywhere_action $w]
+	wm title $w [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Push"]]
+	tkwait window $w
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/win32.tcl b/git-gui/lib/win32.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7f93d045d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/win32.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# git-gui Misc. native Windows 32 support
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+proc win32_read_lnk {lnk_path} {
+	return [exec cscript.exe \
+		/E:jscript \
+		/nologo \
+		[file join $::oguilib win32_shortcut.js] \
+		$lnk_path]
+}
+
+proc win32_create_lnk {lnk_path lnk_exec lnk_dir} {
+	global oguilib
+
+	set lnk_args [lrange $lnk_exec 1 end]
+	set lnk_exec [lindex $lnk_exec 0]
+
+	eval [list exec wscript.exe \
+		/E:jscript \
+		/nologo \
+		[file join $oguilib win32_shortcut.js] \
+		$lnk_path \
+		[file join $oguilib git-gui.ico] \
+		$lnk_dir \
+		$lnk_exec] $lnk_args
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/win32_shortcut.js b/git-gui/lib/win32_shortcut.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..117923f886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/lib/win32_shortcut.js
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// git-gui Windows shortcut support
+// Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+
+var WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell");
+var argv = WScript.Arguments;
+var argi = 0;
+var lnk_path = argv.item(argi++);
+var ico_path = argi < argv.length ? argv.item(argi++) : undefined;
+var dir_path = argi < argv.length ? argv.item(argi++) : undefined;
+var lnk_exec = argi < argv.length ? argv.item(argi++) : undefined;
+var lnk_args = '';
+while (argi < argv.length) {
+	var s = argv.item(argi++);
+	if (lnk_args != '')
+		lnk_args += ' ';
+	if (s.indexOf(' ') >= 0) {
+		lnk_args += '"';
+		lnk_args += s;
+		lnk_args += '"';
+	} else {
+		lnk_args += s;
+	}
+}
+
+var lnk = WshShell.CreateShortcut(lnk_path);
+if (argv.length == 1) {
+	WScript.echo(lnk.TargetPath);
+} else {
+	lnk.TargetPath = lnk_exec;
+	lnk.Arguments = lnk_args;
+	lnk.IconLocation = ico_path + ", 0";
+	lnk.WorkingDirectory = dir_path;
+	lnk.Save();
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ddbe6334a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+set gitexecdir {@@gitexecdir@@}
+set gitguilib  {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+set env(PATH) "$gitexecdir:$env(PATH)"
+
+if {[string first -psn [lindex $argv 0]] == 0} {
+	lset argv 0 [file join $gitexecdir git-gui]
+}
+
+if {[file tail [lindex $argv 0]] eq {gitk}} {
+	set argv0 [lindex $argv 0]
+	set AppMain_source $argv0
+} else {
+	set argv0 [file join $gitexecdir [file tail [lindex $argv 0]]]
+	set AppMain_source [file join $gitguilib git-gui.tcl]
+	if {[pwd] eq {/}} {
+		cd $env(HOME)
+	}
+}
+
+unset gitexecdir gitguilib
+set argv [lrange $argv 1 end]
+source $AppMain_source
diff --git a/git-gui/macosx/Info.plist b/git-gui/macosx/Info.plist
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3bf15fa1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/macosx/Info.plist
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
+	<string>English</string>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>@@GITGUI_TKEXECUTABLE@@</string>
+	<key>CFBundleGetInfoString</key>
+	<string>Git Gui @@GITGUI_VERSION@@ © 2006-2007 Shawn Pearce, et. al.</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
+	<string>git-gui.icns</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>cz.or.repo.git-gui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
+	<string>6.0</string>
+	<key>CFBundleName</key>
+	<string>Git Gui</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>APPL</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>@@GITGUI_VERSION@@</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>GITg</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>@@GITGUI_VERSION@@</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>
diff --git a/git-gui/macosx/git-gui.icns b/git-gui/macosx/git-gui.icns
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77d88a77a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/macosx/git-gui.icns
diff --git a/git-gui/po/.gitignore b/git-gui/po/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a89cf44969
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+*.msg
+*~
diff --git a/git-gui/po/README b/git-gui/po/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..595bbf5dee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/README
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+Localizing git-gui for your language
+====================================
+
+This short note is to help you, who reads and writes English and your
+own language, help us getting git-gui localized for more languages.  It
+does not try to be a comprehensive manual of GNU gettext, which is the
+i18n framework we use, but tries to help you get started by covering the
+basics and how it is used in this project.
+
+1. Getting started.
+
+You would first need to have a working "git".  Your distribution may
+have it as "git-core" package (do not get "GNU Interactive Tools" --
+that is a different "git").  You would also need GNU gettext toolchain
+to test the resulting translation out.  Although you can work on message
+translation files with a regular text editor, it is a good idea to have
+specialized so-called "po file editors" (e.g. emacs po-mode, KBabel,
+poedit, GTranslator --- any of them would work well).  Please install
+them.
+
+You would then need to clone the git-gui internationalization project
+repository, so that you can work on it:
+
+	$ git clone mob@repo.or.cz:/srv/git/git-gui/git-gui-i18n.git/
+	$ cd git-gui-i18n
+	$ git checkout --track -b mob origin/mob
+	$ git config remote.origin.push mob
+
+The "git checkout" command creates a 'mob' branch from upstream's
+corresponding branch and makes it your current branch.  You will be
+working on this branch.
+
+The "git config" command records in your repository configuration file
+that you would push "mob" branch to the upstream when you say "git
+push".
+
+
+2. Starting a new language.
+
+In the git-gui-i18n directory is a po/ subdirectory.  It has a
+handful files whose names end with ".po".  Is there a file that has
+messages in your language?
+
+If you do not know what your language should be named, you need to find
+it.  This currently follows ISO 639-1 two letter codes:
+
+	http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
+
+For example, if you are preparing a translation for Afrikaans, the
+language code is "af".  If there already is a translation for your
+language, you do not have to perform any step in this section, but keep
+reading, because we are covering the basics.
+
+If you did not find your language, you would need to start one yourself.
+Copy po/git-gui.pot file to po/af.po (replace "af" with the code for
+your language).  Edit the first several lines to match existing *.po
+files to make it clear this is a translation table for git-gui project,
+and you are the primary translator.  The result of your editing would
+look something like this:
+
+    # Translation of git-gui to Afrikaans
+    # Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+    # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+    # YOUR NAME <YOUR@E-MAIL.ADDRESS>, 2007.
+    #
+    #, fuzzy
+    msgid ""
+    msgstr ""
+    "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+    "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+    "POT-Creation-Date: 2007-07-24 22:19+0300\n"
+    "PO-Revision-Date: 2007-07-25 18:00+0900\n"
+    "Last-Translator: YOUR NAME <YOUR@E-MAIL.ADDRESS>\n"
+    "Language-Team: Afrikaans\n"
+    "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+    "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+    "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+You will find many pairs of a "msgid" line followed by a "msgstr" line.
+These pairs define how messages in git-gui application are translated to
+your language.  Your primarily job is to fill in the empty double quote
+pairs on msgstr lines with the translation of the strings on their
+matching msgid lines.  A few tips:
+
+ - Control characters, such as newlines, are written in backslash
+   sequence similar to string literals in the C programming language.
+   When the string given on a msgid line has such a backslash sequence,
+   you would typically want to have corresponding ones in the string on
+   your msgstr line.
+
+ - Some messages contain an optional context indicator at the end,
+   for example "@@noun" or "@@verb".  This indicator allows the
+   software to select the correct translation depending upon the use.
+   The indicator is not actually part of the message and will not
+   be shown to the end-user.
+
+   If your language does not require a different translation you
+   will still need to translate both messages.
+
+ - Often the messages being translated are format strings given to
+   "printf()"-like functions.  Make sure "%s", "%d", and "%%" in your
+   translated messages match the original.
+
+   When you have to change the order of words, you can add "<number>$"
+   between '%' and the conversion ('s', 'd', etc.) to say "<number>-th
+   parameter to the format string is used at this point".  For example,
+   if the original message is like this:
+
+	"Length is %d, Weight is %d"
+
+   and if for whatever reason your translation needs to say weight first
+   and then length, you can say something like:
+
+	"WEIGHT IS %2$d, LENGTH IS %1$d"
+
+   A format specification with a '*' (asterisk) refers to *two* arguments
+   instead of one, hence the succeeding argument number is two higher
+   instead of one. So, a message like this
+
+	"%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+   is equivalent to
+
+	"%1$s ... %2$*i of %4$*i %6$s (%7$3i%%)"
+
+ - A long message can be split across multiple lines by ending the
+   string with a double quote, and starting another string on the next
+   line with another double quote.  They will be concatenated in the
+   result.  For example:
+
+   #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+   #, tcl-format
+   msgid ""
+   "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+   "necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+   msgstr ""
+   "HERE YOU WILL WRITE YOUR TRANSLATION OF THE ABOVE LONG "
+   "MESSAGE IN YOUR LANGUAGE."
+
+You can test your translation by running "make install", which would
+create po/af.msg file and installs the result, and then running the
+resulting git-gui under your locale:
+
+	$ make install
+	$ LANG=af git-gui
+
+There is a trick to test your translation without first installing:
+
+	$ make
+	$ LANG=af ./git-gui.sh
+
+When you are satisfied with your translation, commit your changes, and
+push it back to the 'mob' branch:
+
+	$ edit po/af.po
+	... be sure to update Last-Translator: and
+	... PO-Revision-Date: lines.
+	$ git add po/af.po
+	$ git commit -m 'Started Afrikaans translation.'
+	$ git push
+
+
+3. Updating your translation.
+
+There may already be a translation for your language, and you may want
+to contribute an update.  This may be because you would want to improve
+the translation of existing messages, or because the git-gui software
+itself was updated and there are new messages that need translation.
+
+In any case, make sure you are up-to-date before starting your work:
+
+	$ git pull
+
+In the former case, you will edit po/af.po (again, replace "af" with
+your language code), and after testing and updating the Last-Translator:
+and PO-Revision-Date: lines, "add/commit/push" as in the previous
+section.
+
+By comparing "POT-Creation-Date:" line in po/git-gui.pot file and
+po/af.po file, you can tell if there are new messages that need to be
+translated.  You would need the GNU gettext package to perform this
+step.
+
+	$ msgmerge -U po/af.po po/git-gui.pot
+
+This updates po/af.po (again, replace "af" with your language
+code) so that it contains msgid lines (i.e. the original) that
+your translation did not have before.  There are a few things to
+watch out for:
+
+ - The original text in English of an older message you already
+   translated might have been changed.  You will notice a comment line
+   that begins with "#, fuzzy" in front of such a message.  msgmerge
+   tool made its best effort to match your old translation with the
+   message from the updated software, but you may find cases that it
+   matched your old translated message to a new msgid and the pairing
+   does not make any sense -- you would need to fix them, and then
+   remove the "#, fuzzy" line from the message (your fixed translation
+   of the message will not be used before you remove the marker).
+
+ - New messages added to the software will have msgstr lines with empty
+   strings.  You would need to translate them.
+
+The po/git-gui.pot file is updated by the internationalization
+coordinator from time to time.  You _could_ update it yourself, but
+translators are discouraged from doing so because we would want all
+language teams to be working off of the same version of git-gui.pot.
+
+****************************************************************
+
+This section is a note to the internationalization coordinator, and
+translators do not have to worry about it too much.
+
+The message template file po/git-gui.pot needs to be kept up to date
+relative to the software the translations apply to, and it is the
+responsibility of the internationalization coordinator.
+
+When updating po/git-gui.pot file, however, _never_ run "msgmerge -U
+po/xx.po" for individual language translations, unless you are absolutely
+sure that there is no outstanding work on translation for language xx.
+Doing so will create unnecessary merge conflicts and force needless
+re-translation on translators.  The translator however may not have access
+to the msgmerge tool, in which case the coordinator may run it for the
+translator as a service.
+
+But mistakes do happen.  Suppose a translation was based on an older
+version X, the POT file was updated at version Y and then msgmerge was run
+at version Z for the language, and the translator sent in a patch based on
+version X:
+
+         ? translated
+        /
+    ---X---Y---Z (master)
+
+The coordinator could recover from such a mistake by first applying the
+patch to X, replace the translated file in Z, and then running msgmerge
+again based on the updated POT file and commit the result.  The sequence
+would look like this:
+
+    $ git checkout X
+    $ git am -s xx.patch
+    $ git checkout master
+    $ git checkout HEAD@{1} po/xx.po
+    $ msgmerge -U po/xx.po po/git-gui.pot
+    $ git commit -c HEAD@{1} po/xx.po
+
+State in the message that the translated messages are based on a slightly
+older version, and msgmerge was run to incorporate changes to message
+templates from the updated POT file.  The result needs to be further
+translated, but at least the messages that were updated by the patch that
+were not changed by the POT update will survive the process and do not
+need to be re-translated.
diff --git a/git-gui/po/de.po b/git-gui/po/de.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51abb50bb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/de.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2564 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to German.
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-06 20:51+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-06 21:22+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
+"Language-Team: German\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:634 git-gui.sh:648 git-gui.sh:661 git-gui.sh:744
+#: git-gui.sh:763
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: Programmfehler"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:593
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Ungültige Zeichensatz-Angabe in %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:620
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Programmschriftart"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:621
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Vergleich-Schriftart"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:635
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Git kann im PATH nicht gefunden werden."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:662
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Git Versionsangabe kann nicht erkannt werden:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:680
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Version von Git kann nicht bestimmt werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"»%s« behauptet, es sei Version »%s«.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s benötigt mindestens Git 1.5.0 oder höher.\n"
+"\n"
+"Soll angenommen werden, »%s« sei Version 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:918
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis nicht gefunden:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:925
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr ""
+"Es konnte nicht in das oberste Verzeichnis der Arbeitskopie gewechselt "
+"werden:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:932
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Unerwartete Struktur des .git Verzeichnis:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:937
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Kein Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1084 lib/checkout_op.tcl:283
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Dateistatus aktualisieren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1149
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Nach geänderten Dateien suchen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Eintragen abgelehnt durch Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle (»prepare-commit hook«)."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Bereit."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1590
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Unverändert"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1592
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Verändert, nicht bereitgestellt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1593 git-gui.sh:1598
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Bereitgestellt zum Eintragen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1594 git-gui.sh:1599
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Teilweise bereitgestellt zum Eintragen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1595 git-gui.sh:1600
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Bereitgestellt zum Eintragen, fehlend"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1658
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Dateityp geändert, nicht bereitgestellt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1659
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Dateityp geändert, bereitgestellt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1661
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Nicht unter Versionskontrolle, nicht bereitgestellt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1602
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Fehlend"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1603
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Bereitgestellt zum Löschen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1604
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Bereitgestellt zum Löschen, trotzdem vorhanden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1606 git-gui.sh:1607 git-gui.sh:1608 git-gui.sh:1609
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Konfliktauflösung nötig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1644
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Gitk wird gestartet... bitte warten."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1698
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Gitk kann im PATH nicht gefunden werden."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1948 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1861
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Bearbeiten"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1863 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Zweig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1866 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Version"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1869 lib/merge.tcl:120 lib/merge.tcl:149 lib/merge.tcl:167
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Zusammenführen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1870 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Andere Archive"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Werkzeuge"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Arbeitskopie im Dateimanager"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2247
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Aktuellen Zweig durchblättern"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1883
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Einen Zweig durchblättern..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1888
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Aktuellen Zweig darstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1892
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Alle Zweige darstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1899
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« durchblättern"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1901
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Historie von »%s« darstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1906 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Datenbankstatistik"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1909 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Datenbank komprimieren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1912
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Datenbank überprüfen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1919 git-gui.sh:1923 git-gui.sh:1927 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Desktop-Icon erstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1932 lib/choose_repository.tcl:177 lib/choose_repository.tcl:185
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Beenden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1939
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Rückgängig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1942
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Wiederholen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1946 git-gui.sh:2443
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Ausschneiden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1949 git-gui.sh:2446 git-gui.sh:2520 git-gui.sh:2614
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Kopieren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1952 git-gui.sh:2449
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Einfügen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1955 git-gui.sh:2452 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Löschen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1959 git-gui.sh:2456 git-gui.sh:2618 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Alle auswählen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1968
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Erstellen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1974
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Umstellen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1980
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Umbenennen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1985 git-gui.sh:2085
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Löschen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1990
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Zurücksetzen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2372
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Fertig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Eintragen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2383 git-gui.sh:2786
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Neue Version"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2010 git-gui.sh:2396
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Letzte nachbessern"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2019 git-gui.sh:2356 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Neu laden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2025
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Zum Eintragen bereitstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2031
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Geänderte Dateien bereitstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2037
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Aus der Bereitstellung herausnehmen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2042 lib/index.tcl:395
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Änderungen verwerfen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2141 git-gui.sh:2702
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Weniger Zeilen anzeigen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2145 git-gui.sh:2706
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Mehr Zeilen anzeigen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2151 git-gui.sh:2470 git-gui.sh:2569
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Abzeichnen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2458
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Lokales Zusammenführen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2069
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Zusammenführen abbrechen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2475
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Hinzufügen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Versenden..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2483
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Zweig löschen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2493 git-gui.sh:2515 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Ãœber %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2099
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Einstellungen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2107 git-gui.sh:2639
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Optionen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Entfernen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hilfe"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2154
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Online-Dokumentation"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "SSH-Schlüssel anzeigen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler: Verzeichnis »%s« kann nicht gelesen werden: Datei oder Verzeichnis "
+"nicht gefunden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2271
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Aktueller Zweig:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2292
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Bereitstellung (zum Eintragen)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2312
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2362
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Alles bereitstellen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Versenden"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2408
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Erste Versionsbeschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2409
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Nachgebesserte Beschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2410
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Nachgebesserte erste Beschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2411
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Nachgebesserte Zusammenführungs-Beschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungs-Beschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2413
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Versionsbeschreibung:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2459 git-gui.sh:2622 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Alle kopieren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2483 lib/blame.tcl:107
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Datei:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2834
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Aktualisieren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2631
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Schriftgröße verkleinern"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2635
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Schriftgröße vergrößern"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3033 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Zeichenkodierung"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3044
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Kontext anwenden/umkehren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2875
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Zeile anwenden/umkehren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungswerkzeug"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2890
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Entfernte Version benutzen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2894
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Lokale Version benutzen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2898
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Ursprüngliche Version benutzen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3091
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Kontext aus Bereitstellung herausnehmen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2748
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Zeile aus der Bereitstellung herausnehmen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2750
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Kontext zur Bereitstellung hinzufügen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2751
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Zeile zur Bereitstellung hinzufügen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2771
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Initialisieren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2762
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Möglicherweise gibt es Probleme mit manchen Umgebungsvariablen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Die folgenden Umgebungsvariablen können vermutlich nicht \n"
+"von %s an Git weitergegeben werden:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2792
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Dies ist ein bekanntes Problem der Tcl-Version, die\n"
+"in Cygwin mitgeliefert wird."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Um den Namen »%s« zu ändern, sollten Sie die \n"
+"gewünschten Werte für die Einstellung user.name und \n"
+"user.email in Ihre Datei ~/.gitconfig einfügen.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - eine grafische Oberfläche für Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:77
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Datei-Browser"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:81
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Version:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:264
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Version kopieren"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Text suchen..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Volle Kopie-Erkennung"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:263
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Historien-Kontext anzeigen"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:266
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Elternversion annotieren"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:394
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "%s lesen..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:488
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Annotierungen für Kopieren/Verschieben werden geladen..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:508
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "Zeilen annotiert"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:689
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Annotierungen für ursprünglichen Ort werden geladen..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:692
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Annotierung vollständig."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:737
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Verarbeitung läuft"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:738
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Annotierung läuft bereits."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:777
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Intensive Kopie-Erkennung läuft..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:827
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Annotierung laden..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Eintragender:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:811
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Ursprüngliche Datei:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (»HEAD«) kann nicht gefunden werden:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Elternversion kann nicht gefunden werden:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1001
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Elternversion kann nicht angezeigt werden"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1002 lib/diff.tcl:191
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden des Vergleichs:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1142
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Ursprünglich von:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:931
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "In Datei:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:936
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Kopiert oder verschoben durch:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Auf Zweig umstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Umstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:171
+#: lib/option.tcl:103 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42 lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Abbrechen"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Version"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:242
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Optionen"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ãœbernahmezweig anfordern"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Verbindung zu lokalem Zweig lösen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Zweig erstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Neuen Zweig erstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:371
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Erstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Zweigname"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Name:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Passend zu Ãœbernahmezweig-Name"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Anfangsversion"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Existierenden Zweig aktualisieren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nein"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Nur Schnellzusammenführung"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:514
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Zurücksetzen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Arbeitskopie umstellen nach Erstellen"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Bitte wählen Sie einen Übernahmezweig."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Übernahmezweig »%s« ist kein Zweig im anderen Projektarchiv."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Zweignamen an."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Zweigname."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Zweig löschen"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokalen Zweig löschen"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Lokale Zweige"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Nur löschen, wenn zusammengeführt nach"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Immer (ohne Zusammenführungstest)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Folgende Zweige sind noch nicht mit »%s« zusammengeführt:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Löschen der Zweige:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Zweig umbenennen"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Umbenennen"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Zweig:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Neuer Name:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Bitte wählen Sie einen Zweig zum umbenennen."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:179
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Umbenennen von »%s«."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Starten..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Datei-Browser"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "%s laden..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Nach oben]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Dateien des Zweigs durchblättern"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:474 lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:987
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Blättern"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:79
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Änderungen »%s« von »%s« anfordern"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:127
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "Fehler: »%s« kann nicht als Zweig oder Version erkannt werden"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:140 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Schließen"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:169
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« existiert nicht."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Einrichten der vereinfachten git-pull für »%s«."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Zweig »%s« existiert bereits.\n"
+"\n"
+"Zweig kann nicht mit »%s« schnellzusammengeführt werden. Reguläres "
+"Zusammenführen ist notwendig."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Zusammenführungsmethode »%s« nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:239
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Aktualisieren von »%s« fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:251
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Bereitstellung (»index«) ist zur Bearbeitung gesperrt (»locked«)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:266
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Der letzte geladene Status stimmt nicht mehr mit dem Projektarchiv überein.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ein anderes Git-Programm hat das Projektarchiv seit dem letzten Laden "
+"geändert.  Vor dem Wechseln des lokalen Zweigs muss neu geladen werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Es wird gleich neu geladen.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:322
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Arbeitskopie umstellen auf »%s«..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:323
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "Dateien aktualisiert"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:353
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr ""
+"Auf Zweig »%s« umstellen abgebrochen (Zusammenführen der Dateien ist "
+"notwendig)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:354
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Zusammenführen der Dateien ist notwendig."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:358
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Es wird auf Zweig »%s« verblieben."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:429
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Arbeitskopie ist nicht auf einem lokalen Zweig.\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie auf einem Zweig arbeiten möchten, erstellen Sie bitte jetzt einen "
+"Zweig mit der Auswahl »Abgetrennte Arbeitskopie-Version«."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:446 lib/checkout_op.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Umgestellt auf »%s«."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:478
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Zurücksetzen von »%s« nach »%s« wird folgende Versionen verwerfen:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr ""
+"Verworfene Versionen können nur mit größerem Aufwand wiederhergestellt "
+"werden."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:505
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "»%s« zurücksetzen?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:510 lib/merge.tcl:163
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Darstellen"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:578
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Lokaler Zweig kann nicht gesetzt werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Diese Arbeitskopie ist nur teilweise umgestellt. Die Dateien sind korrekt "
+"aktualisiert, aber einige interne Git-Dateien konnten nicht geändert "
+"werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Dies ist ein interner Programmfehler von %s. Programm wird jetzt abgebrochen."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Auswählen"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Schriftfamilie"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Schriftgröße"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Schriftbeispiel"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Dies ist ein Beispieltext.\n"
+"Wenn Ihnen dieser Text gefällt, sollten Sie diese Schriftart wählen."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:81 lib/choose_repository.tcl:376
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Neues Projektarchiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Neu..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:94 lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv klonen"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Klonen..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:107 lib/choose_repository.tcl:976
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv öffnen"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Öffnen..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:126
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Zuletzt benutzte Projektarchive"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Zuletzt benutztes Projektarchiv öffnen:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:296 lib/choose_repository.tcl:303
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:310
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv »%s« konnte nicht erstellt werden:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:412 lib/choose_repository.tcl:537
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Git Projektarchiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Verzeichnis »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Datei »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:455
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Klonen"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Herkunft:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Zielverzeichnis:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:490
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Art des Klonens:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:495
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (schnell, teilweise redundant, Hardlinks)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:501
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Alles kopieren (langsamer, volle Redundanz)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Verknüpft (schnell, nicht empfohlen, kein Backup)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:543 lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:736 lib/choose_repository.tcl:806
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1025
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Kein Git-Projektarchiv in »%s« gefunden."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard ist nur für lokale Projektarchive verfügbar."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:583
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Verknüpft ist nur für lokale Projektarchive verfügbar."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:604
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Projektarchiv »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Der Ursprungsort konnte nicht eingerichtet werden"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:627
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Objekte werden gezählt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "Buckets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:652
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Kopien von Objekten/Info/Alternates konnten nicht erstellt werden: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Von »%s« konnte nichts geklont werden."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:690 lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Der »master«-Zweig wurde noch nicht initialisiert."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Hardlinks nicht verfügbar. Stattdessen wird kopiert."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:715
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Kopieren von »%s«"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:746
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Objektdatenbank kopieren"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:747
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:771
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Objekt kann nicht kopiert werden: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:781
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Objekte verlinken"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "Objekte"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:790
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Für Objekt konnte kein Hardlink erstellt werden: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:845
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Zweige und Objekte konnten nicht angefordert werden.  Kontrollieren Sie die "
+"Ausgaben auf der Konsole für weitere Angaben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:856
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Markierungen konnten nicht angefordert werden.  Kontrollieren Sie die "
+"Ausgaben auf der Konsole für weitere Angaben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:880
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Zweigspitze (HEAD) konnte nicht gefunden werden.  Kontrollieren Sie die "
+"Ausgaben auf der Konsole für weitere Angaben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:889
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis »%s« kann nicht aufgeräumt werden."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Klonen fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Kein voreingestellter Zweig gefunden."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:913
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "»%s« wurde nicht als Version gefunden."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Arbeitskopie erstellen"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:127
+#: lib/index.tcl:193
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "Dateien"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:955
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Erstellen der Arbeitskopie fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:971
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Öffnen"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv »%s« konnte nicht geöffnet werden."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Abgetrennte Arbeitskopie-Version"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Version Regexp-Ausdruck:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokaler Zweig"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ãœbernahmezweig"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Markierung"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Version: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Keine Version ausgewählt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Versions-Ausdruck ist leer."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Aktualisiert"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Version zur Nachbesserung vorhanden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie sind dabei, die erste Version zu übertragen. Es gibt keine existierende "
+"Version, die Sie nachbessern könnten.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nachbesserung währen Zusammenführung nicht möglich.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie haben das Zusammenführen von Versionen angefangen, aber noch nicht "
+"beendet. Sie können keine vorige Übertragung nachbessern, solange eine "
+"unfertige Zusammenführung existiert. Dazu müssen Sie die Zusammenführung "
+"beenden oder abbrechen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden der Versionsdaten für Nachbessern:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Benutzername konnte nicht bestimmt werden:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert von GIT_COMMITTER_INDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Der letzte geladene Status stimmt nicht mehr mit dem Projektarchiv überein.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ein anderes Git-Programm hat das Projektarchiv seit dem letzten Laden "
+"geändert.  Vor dem Eintragen einer neuen Version muss neu geladen werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Es wird gleich neu geladen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:154
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nicht zusammengeführte Dateien können nicht eingetragen werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Die Datei »%s« hat noch nicht aufgelöste Zusammenführungs-Konflikte. Sie "
+"müssen diese Konflikte auflösen, bevor Sie eintragen können.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:162
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Unbekannter Dateizustand »%s«.\n"
+"\n"
+"Datei »%s« kann nicht eingetragen werden.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:170
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Änderungen vorhanden, die eingetragen werden könnten.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie müssen mindestens eine Datei bereitstellen, bevor Sie eintragen können.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:183
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung ein.\n"
+"\n"
+"Eine gute Versionsbeschreibung enthält folgende Abschnitte:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Erste Zeile: Eine Zusammenfassung, was man gemacht hat.\n"
+"\n"
+"- Zweite Zeile: Leerzeile\n"
+"\n"
+"- Rest: Eine ausführliche Beschreibung, warum diese Änderung hilfreich ist.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:207
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "Warning: Tcl/Tk unterstützt die Zeichencodierung »%s« nicht."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:221
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:236
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Eintragen abgelehnt durch Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle (»pre-commit hook«)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:259
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Versionsbeschreibungs-Kontrolle..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:274
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+"Eintragen abgelehnt durch Versionsbeschreibungs-Kontrolle (»commit-message "
+"hook«)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:287
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Änderungen eintragen..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:303
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:304 lib/commit.tcl:348 lib/commit.tcl:368
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Eintragen fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Version »%s« scheint beschädigt zu sein"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Änderungen einzutragen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Es gibt keine geänderte Datei bei dieser Version und es wurde auch nichts "
+"zusammengeführt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Das Arbeitsverzeichnis wird daher jetzt neu geladen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:333
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen, die eingetragen werden können."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:347
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:367
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:454
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Version %s übertragen: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Verarbeitung. Bitte warten..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Erfolgreich"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Fehler: Kommando fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Anzahl unverknüpfter Objekte"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Festplattenplatz von unverknüpften Objekten"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Anzahl komprimierter Objekte"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Anzahl Komprimierungseinheiten"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Festplattenplatz von komprimierten Objekten"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Komprimierte Objekte, die zum Aufräumen vorgesehen sind"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Dateien im Mülleimer"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Objektdatenbank komprimieren"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Die Objektdatenbank durch »fsck-objects« überprüfen lassen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Dieses Projektarchiv enthält ungefähr %i nicht verknüpfte Objekte.\n"
+"\n"
+"Für eine optimale Performance wird empfohlen, die Datenbank des "
+"Projektarchivs zu komprimieren, sobald mehr als %i nicht verknüpfte Objekte "
+"vorliegen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Soll die Datenbank jetzt komprimiert werden?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiges Datum von Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:42
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Änderungen feststellbar.\n"
+"\n"
+"»%s« enthält keine Änderungen. Zwar wurde das Änderungsdatum dieser Datei "
+"von einem anderen Programm modifiziert, aber der Inhalt der Datei ist "
+"unverändert.\n"
+"\n"
+"Das Arbeitsverzeichnis wird jetzt neu geladen, um diese Änderung bei allen "
+"Dateien zu prüfen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Vergleich von »%s« laden..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOKAL: gelöscht\n"
+"ANDERES:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ANDERES: gelöscht\n"
+"LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "ANDERES:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Datei »%s« kann nicht angezeigt werden"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:115
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden der Datei:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:122
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git-Projektarchiv (Unterprojekt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:134
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Binärdatei (Inhalt wird nicht angezeigt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Datei nicht unter Versionskontrolle, Dateigröße %d Bytes.\n"
+"* Nur erste %d Bytes werden angezeigt.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Datei nicht unter Versionskontrolle, hier abgeschnitten durch %s.\n"
+"* Zum Ansehen der vollständigen Datei externen Editor benutzen.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Herausnehmen des gewählten Kontexts aus der Bereitstellung."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:310
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Bereitstellen des gewählten Kontexts."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:386
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Herausnehmen der gewählten Zeile aus der Bereitstellung."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:394
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Bereitstellen der gewählten Zeile."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Voreinstellung"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Systemweit (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Andere"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "Fehler"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "Warnung"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie müssen die obigen Fehler zuerst beheben, bevor Sie eintragen können."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Bereitstellung kann nicht wieder freigegeben werden."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Fehler in Bereitstellung"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Das Aktualisieren der Git-Bereitstellung ist fehlgeschlagen. Eine allgemeine "
+"Git-Aktualisierung wird jetzt gestartet, um git-gui wieder mit git zu "
+"synchronisieren."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Fortsetzen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Bereitstellung freigeben"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:282
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Datei »%s« aus der Bereitstellung herausnehmen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:313
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Bereit zum Eintragen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "»%s« hinzufügen..."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Änderungen in Datei »%s« verwerfen?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Änderungen in den gewählten %i Dateien verwerfen?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:391
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Alle nicht bereitgestellten Änderungen werden beim Verwerfen verloren gehen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:394
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Nichts tun"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:419
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Änderungen in gewählten Dateien verwerfen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:423
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Änderungen in %s verwerfen"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführen kann nicht gleichzeitig mit Nachbessern durchgeführt werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie müssen zuerst die Nachbesserungs-Version abschließen, bevor Sie "
+"zusammenführen können.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Der letzte geladene Status stimmt nicht mehr mit dem Projektarchiv überein.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ein anderes Git-Programm hat das Projektarchiv seit dem letzten Laden "
+"geändert.  Vor einem Zusammenführen muss neu geladen werden.\n"
+"\n"
+"Es wird gleich neu geladen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:44
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführung mit Konflikten.\n"
+"\n"
+"Die Datei »%s« enthält Konflikte beim Zusammenführen. Sie müssen diese "
+"Konflikte per Hand auflösen. Anschließend müssen Sie die Datei wieder "
+"bereitstellen und eintragen, um die Zusammenführung abzuschließen. Erst "
+"danach kann eine neue Zusammenführung begonnen werden.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:54
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Es liegen Änderungen vor.\n"
+"\n"
+"Die Datei »%s« wurde geändert.  Sie sollten zuerst die bereitgestellte "
+"Version abschließen, bevor Sie eine Zusammenführung beginnen.  Mit dieser "
+"Reihenfolge können Sie mögliche Konflikte beim Zusammenführen wesentlich "
+"einfacher beheben oder abbrechen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s von %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:119
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Zusammenführen von %s und %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:130
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Zusammenführen erfolgreich abgeschlossen."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:132
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Zusammenführen fehlgeschlagen. Konfliktauflösung ist notwendig."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Zusammenführen in »%s«"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:176
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Zusammenzuführende Version"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:211
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Abbruch der Nachbesserung ist nicht möglich.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie müssen die Nachbesserung der Version abschließen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:221
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführen abbrechen?\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie abbrechen, gehen alle noch nicht eingetragenen Änderungen "
+"verloren.\n"
+"\n"
+"Zusammenführen jetzt abbrechen?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:227
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Änderungen zurücksetzen?\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie zurücksetzen, gehen alle noch nicht eingetragenen Änderungen "
+"verloren.\n"
+"\n"
+"Änderungen jetzt zurücksetzen?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Abbruch"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "Dateien zurückgesetzt"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:265
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Abbruch fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Abbruch durchgeführt. Bereit."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Konflikt durch Basisversion ersetzen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:15
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Konflikt durch diesen Zweig ersetzen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:16
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Konflikt durch anderen Zweig ersetzen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:20
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Hinweis: Der Vergleich zeigt nur konfliktverursachende Änderungen an.\n"
+"\n"
+"»%s« wird überschrieben.\n"
+"\n"
+"Diese Operation kann nur rückgängig gemacht werden, wenn die\n"
+"Zusammenführung erneut gestartet wird."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "Datei »%s« hat nicht aufgelöste Konflikte. Trotzdem bereitstellen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Auflösung hinzugefügt für %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:119
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Konflikte durch gelöschte Dateien oder symbolische Links können nicht durch "
+"das Zusamenführungswerkzeug gelöst werden."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:124
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Konflikt-Datei existiert nicht"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:236
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein GUI Zusammenführungswerkzeug: »%s«"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:240
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Unbekanntes Zusammenführungswerkzeug: »%s«"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungswerkzeug läuft bereits. Soll es abgebrochen werden?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:295
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Abrufen der Dateiversionen:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführungswerkzeug konnte nicht gestartet werden:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:319
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Zusammenführungswerkzeug starten..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347 lib/mergetool.tcl:363
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Zusammenführungswerkzeug fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültige globale Zeichenkodierung »%s«"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültige Archiv-Zeichenkodierung »%s«"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Voreinstellungen wiederherstellen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:99
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Speichern"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:109
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:110
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Global (Alle Projektarchive)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:116
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Benutzername"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "E-Mail-Adresse"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungs-Versionen zusammenfassen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:120
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Ausführlichkeit der Zusammenführen-Meldungen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Vergleichsstatistik nach Zusammenführen anzeigen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:122
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungswerkzeug"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:124
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Auf Dateiänderungsdatum verlassen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:124
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Übernahmezweige aufräumen während Anforderung"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:125
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Passend zu Ãœbernahmezweig"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:126
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Kopie-Annotieren nur bei geänderten Dateien"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:127
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Mindestzahl Zeichen für Kopie-Annotieren"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:128
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Anzahl Tage für Historien-Kontext"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:129
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Anzahl der Kontextzeilen beim Vergleich"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:127
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Textbreite der Versionsbeschreibung"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:128
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Namensvorschlag für neue Zweige"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Voreingestellte Zeichenkodierung"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Ändern"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Wörterbuch Rechtschreibprüfung:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:216
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Schriftart ändern"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "%s wählen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:226
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:240
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Einstellungen"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:275
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Optionen konnten nicht gespeichert werden:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Anderes Archiv hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Neues anderes Archiv hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Einzelheiten des anderen Archivs"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Adresse:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Weitere Aktion jetzt"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Gleich anfordern"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Anderes Archiv initialisieren und dahin versenden"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Nichts tun"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen des anderen Archivs an."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Name eines anderen Archivs."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Hinzufügen des anderen Archivs »%s« aus Herkunftsort »%s«."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "»%s« anfordern"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "»%s« anfordern"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Initialisieren eines anderen Archivs an Adresse »%s« ist nicht möglich."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "»%s« versenden..."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Einrichten von »%s« an »%s«"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Zweig in anderem Archiv löschen"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "In Projektarchiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Anderes Archiv:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Adresse:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Zweige"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Nur löschen, wenn"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Zusammengeführt mit:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Immer (Keine Zusammenführungsprüfung)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Für »Zusammenführen mit« muss ein Zweig angegeben werden."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Folgende Zweige sind noch nicht mit »%s« zusammengeführt:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Ein oder mehrere Zusammenführungen sind fehlgeschlagen, da Sie nicht die "
+"notwendigen Versionen vorher angefordert haben.  Sie sollten versuchen, "
+"zuerst von »%s« anzufordern."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Bitte wählen Sie mindestens einen Zweig, der gelöscht werden soll."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Das Wiederherstellen von gelöschten Zweigen ist nur mit größerem Aufwand "
+"möglich.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sollen die ausgewählten Zweige gelöscht werden?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Zweige auf »%s« werden gelöscht"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Kein Projektarchiv ausgewählt."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "»%s« laden..."
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Anderes Archiv entfernen"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Aufräumen von"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:170
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Anfordern von"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:213
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Versenden nach"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Suchen:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:22
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Nächster"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Voriger"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Groß-/Kleinschreibung unterscheiden"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Verknüpfung:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen des Icons:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Rechtschreibprüfungsprogramm nicht unterstützt"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Rechtschreibprüfung nicht verfügbar"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Unbenutzbare Konfiguration der Rechtschreibprüfung"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Wörterbuch auf %s zurückgesetzt."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Rechtschreibprüfungsprogramm mit Fehler abgebrochen"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Unbekanntes Rechtschreibprüfungsprogramm"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:180
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Keine Vorschläge"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:381
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Unerwartetes EOF vom Rechtschreibprüfungsprogramm"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:385
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Rechtschreibprüfung fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Keine Schlüssel gefunden."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Öffentlicher Schlüssel gefunden in: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Schlüssel erzeugen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "In Zwischenablage kopieren"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Ihr OpenSSH öffenlicher Schlüssel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Erzeugen..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte »ssh-keygen« nicht starten:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung erfolgreich, aber keine Schlüssel gefunden."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Ihr Schlüssel ist abgelegt in: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i von %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Werkzeug hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Neues Kommando für Werkzeug hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Global hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Einzelheiten des Werkzeugs"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Benutzen Sie einen Schrägstrich »/«, um Untermenüs zu erstellen:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Bestätigungsfrage vor Starten anzeigen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Benutzer nach Version fragen (setzt $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Benutzer nach zusätzlichen Argumenten fragen (setzt $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Kein Ausgabefenster zeigen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Nur starten, wenn ein Vergleich gewählt ist ($FILENAME ist nicht leer)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Werkzeugnamen an."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Werkzeug »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Werkzeug konnte nicht hinzugefügt werden:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Werkzeug entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Werkzeugkommandos entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Werkzeuge für lokales Archiv werden in Blau angezeigt)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kommando aufrufen: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumente"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Um »%s« zu starten, muss eine Datei ausgewählt sein."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Wollen Sie %s wirklich starten?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Starten: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug erfolgreich abgeschlossen: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug fehlgeschlagen: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Neue Änderungen von »%s« holen"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "Aufräumen von »%s«"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Übernahmezweige aufräumen und entfernen, die in »%s« gelöscht wurden"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Änderungen nach »%s« versenden"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Spiegeln nach %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "%s %s nach %s versenden"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Zweige versenden"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Lokale Zweige"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Ziel-Projektarchiv"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Netzwerk-Einstellungen"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Überschreiben von existierenden Zweigen erzwingen (könnte Änderungen löschen)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Kompaktes Datenformat benutzen (für langsame Netzverbindungen)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Mit Markierungen übertragen"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/fr.po b/git-gui/po/fr.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a944ace6ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/fr.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2558 @@
+# translation of fr.po to French
+# Translation of git-gui to French.
+# Copyright (C) 2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+#
+# Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>, 2008.
+# Alexandre Bourget <alexandre.bourget@savoirfairelinux.com>, 2008.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: fr\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-11-20 10:20+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: French\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Generator: KBabel 1.11.4\n"
+"Plural-Forms:  nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: erreur fatale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Police invalide spécifiée dans %s :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Police principale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Police diff/console"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver git dans PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Impossible de parser la version de Git :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de déterminer la version de Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s affirme qu'il s'agit de la version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s nécessite au moins Git 1.5.0.\n"
+"\n"
+"Peut-on considérer que '%s' est en version 1.5.0 ?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver le répertoire git :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'aller à la racine du répertoire de travail :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'utiliser le répertoire .git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Aucun répertoire de travail"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Rafraîchissement du statut des fichiers..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Recherche de fichiers modifiés..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Lancement de l'action de préparation du message de commit..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Commit refusé par l'action de préparation du message de commit."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Prêt."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Non modifié"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Modifié, pas indexé"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Indexé"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Portions indexées"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Indexés, manquant"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Le type de fichier a changé, non indexé"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Le type de fichier a changé, indexé"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Non versionné, non indexé"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Manquant"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Indexé pour suppression"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Indexé pour suppression, toujours présent"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Nécessite la résolution d'une fusion"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Lancement de gitk... un instant..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver gitk dans PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Dépôt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Édition"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Branche"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Fusionner"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Dépôt distant"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Outils"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Explorer la copie de travail"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Naviguer dans la branche courante"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Naviguer dans la branche..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualiser l'historique de la branche courante"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Voir l'historique de toutes les branches"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Parcourir l'arborescence de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Voir l'historique de la branche : %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Statistiques du dépôt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Comprimer le dépôt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Vérifier le dépôt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Créer une icône sur le bureau"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Quitter"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Défaire"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Refaire"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Couper"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Copier"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Coller"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Supprimer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Tout sélectionner"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Créer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Charger (checkout)..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Renommer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Supprimer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Réinitialiser..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Effectué"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Commiter@@verb"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Nouveau commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Corriger dernier commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Recharger modifs."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Indexer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Indexer toutes modifications"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Désindexer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Annuler les modifications"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Montrer moins de contexte"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Montrer plus de contexte"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Signer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Fusion locale..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Abandonner fusion..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Ajouter..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Pousser..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Supprimer branche..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "À propos de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Préférences..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Options..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Supprimer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Aide"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Documentation en ligne"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Montrer la clé SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"erreur fatale : pas d'infos sur le chemin %s : Fichier ou répertoire "
+"inexistant"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2740
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Branche courante :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2761
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Modifs. indexées (pour commit)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2781
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Modifs. non indexées"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2831
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Indexer modifs."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Pousser"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit initial :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2886
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit corrigé :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2887
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit initial corrigé :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2888
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit de fusion corrigé :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2889
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit de fusion :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2890
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Message de commit :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Copier tout"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Fichier :"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3078
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Rafraîchir"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3099
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Diminuer la police"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3103
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Agrandir la police"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Codage des caractères"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3122
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Appliquer/Inverser section"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3127
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Appliquer/Inverser la ligne"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3137
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Lancer l'outil de fusion"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3142
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Utiliser la version distante"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Utiliser la version locale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3150
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Revenir à la version de base"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3169
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Désindexer la section"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3170
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Désindexer la ligne"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3172
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Indexer la section"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3173
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Indexer la ligne"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3196
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Initialisation..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Des problèmes d'environnement sont possibles.\n"
+"\n"
+"Les variables d'environnement suivantes seront\n"
+"probablement ignorées par tous les\n"
+"sous-processus de Git lancés par %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ceci est dû à un problème connu avec\n"
+"le binaire Tcl distribué par Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Un bon remplacement pour %s\n"
+"est de mettre les valeurs pour 'user.name' (nom\n"
+"de l'utilisateur) et 'user.email' (addresse email\n"
+"de l'utilisateur) dans votre fichier '~/.gitconfig'.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - une interface graphique utilisateur pour Git"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Visionneur de fichier"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Commit :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Copier commit"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Chercher texte..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Lancer la détection approfondie des copies"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Montrer l'historique"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Blâmer le commit parent"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Lecture de %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Chargement des annotations de suivi des copies/déplacements..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "lignes annotées"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Chargement des annotations d'emplacement original"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Annotation terminée."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Occupé"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Annotation en cours d'exécution."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Recherche de copie approfondie en cours..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Chargement des annotations..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Auteur :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Commiteur :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Fichier original :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit HEAD :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit parent :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Impossible d'afficher le parent"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Erreur lors du chargement des différences :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "À l'origine par :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Dans le fichier :"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Copié ou déplacé ici par :"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Charger la branche (checkout)"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Charger (checkout)"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Annuler"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Révision"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Options"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Récupérer la branche de suivi"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Détacher de la branche locale"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Créer une branche"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Créer une nouvelle branche"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Créer"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Nom de branche"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nom :"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Trouver nom de branche de suivi"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Révision initiale"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Mettre à jour une branche existante :"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Non"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Mise à jour rectiligne seulement (fast-forward)"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Réinitialiser"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Charger (checkout) après création"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Choisissez une branche de suivi"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "La branche de suivi %s n'est pas une branche dans le dépôt distant."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Fournissez un nom de branche."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un nom de branche acceptable."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Supprimer branche"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Supprimer branche locale"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Branches locales"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Supprimer seulement si fusionnée dans :"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Toujours (Ne pas faire de test de fusion.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Les branches suivantes ne sont pas complètement fusionnées dans %s :"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"La suppression des branches suivantes a échoué :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Renommer branche"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Renommer"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Branche :"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nouveau nom :"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Merci de sélectionner une branche à renommer."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "La branche '%s' existe déjà."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Échec pour renommer '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Lancement..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Visionneur de fichier"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Chargement de %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Jusqu'au parent]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Naviguer dans les fichiers de le branche"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Naviguer"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Récupération de %s à partir de %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "erreur fatale : Impossible de résoudre %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Fermer"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "La branche '%s' n'existe pas."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Échec de la configuration simplifiée de git-pull pour '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"La branche '%s' existe déjà.\n"
+"\n"
+"Impossible de faire une avance rapide (fast forward) vers %s.\n"
+"Une fusion est nécessaire."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "La stratégie de fusion '%s' n'est pas supportée."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "La mise à jour de '%s' a échoué."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "L'index (staging area) est déjà verrouillé."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'état lors de la dernière synchronisation ne correspond plus à l'état du "
+"dépôt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un autre programme Git a modifié ce dépôt depuis la dernière "
+"synchronisation. Une resynchronisation doit être effectuée avant de pouvoir "
+"modifier la branche courante.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cela va être fait tout de suite automatiquement.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Mise à jour du répertoire courant avec '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "fichiers chargés"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Chargement de '%s' abandonné (il est nécessaire de fusionner des fichiers)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Il est nécessaire de fusionner des fichiers."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Le répertoire de travail reste sur la branche '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous n'êtes plus sur une branche locale.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si vous vouliez être sur une branche, créez-en une maintenant en partant de "
+"'Cet emprunt détaché'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' chargé."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Réinitialiser '%s' à '%s' va faire perdre les commits suivants :"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Récupérer les commits perdus ne sera peut être pas facile."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Réinitialiser '%s' ?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualiser"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Le changement de la branche courante a échoué.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le répertoire courant n'est que partiellement modifié. Les fichiers ont été "
+"mis à jour avec succès, mais la mise à jour d'un fichier interne à Git a "
+"échouée.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cela n'aurait pas dû se produire. %s va abandonner et se terminer."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Sélectionner"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Familles de polices"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Taille de police"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Exemple de police"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Ceci est un texte d'exemple.\n"
+"Si vous aimez ce texte, vous pouvez choisir cette police."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Créer nouveau dépôt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Nouveau..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Cloner un dépôt existant"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Cloner..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Ouvrir un dépôt existant"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Ouvrir..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Dépôts récemment utilisés"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Ouvrir un dépôt récent :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "La création du dépôt %s a échoué :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Répertoire :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Le répertoire %s existe déjà."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Le fichier %s existe déjà."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Cloner"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Emplacement source :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Répertoire cible :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Type de clonage :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (rapide, semi-redondant, liens durs)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Copy complète (plus lent, sauvegarde redondante)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Partagé (le plus rapide, non recommandé, pas de sauvegarde)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un dépôt Git."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard n'est disponible que pour un dépôt local."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Partagé n'est disponible que pour un dépôt local."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "L'emplacement %s existe déjà."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "La configuration de l'origine a échoué."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Décompte des objets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "paniers"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de copier 'objects/info/alternates' : %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Il n'y a rien à cloner depuis %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "La branche 'master' n'a pas été initialisée."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Les liens durs ne sont pas supportés. Une copie sera effectuée à la place."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Clonage depuis %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Copie des objets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de copier l'objet : %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Liaison des objets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Impossible créer un lien dur pour l'objet : %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de récupérer les branches et objets. Voir la sortie console pour "
+"plus de détails."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de récupérer les marques (tags). Voir la sortie console pour plus "
+"de détails."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Impossible de déterminer HEAD. Voir la sortie console pour plus de détails."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de nettoyer %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Le clonage a échoué."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Aucune branche par défaut n'a été obtenue."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Impossible de résoudre %s comme commit."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Création du répertoire de travail"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "fichiers"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Le chargement initial du fichier a échoué."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Ouvrir"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Dépôt :"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir le dépôt %s :"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Cet emprunt détaché"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Expression de révision :"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Branche locale"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Branche de suivi"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Marque (tag)"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Révision invalide : %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Pas de révision sélectionnée."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "L'expression de révision est vide."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Mise à jour:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Il n'y a rien à corriger.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous allez créer le commit initial. Il n'y a pas de commit avant celui-ci à "
+"corriger.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de corriger pendant une fusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous êtes actuellement au milieu d'une fusion qui n'a pas été complètement "
+"terminée. Vous ne pouvez pas corriger le commit précédent sauf si vous "
+"abandonnez la fusion courante.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Erreur lors du chargement des données de commit pour correction :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'obtenir votre identité :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT invalide :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'état lors de la dernière synchronisation ne correspond plus à l'état du "
+"dépôt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un autre programme Git a modifié ce dépôt depuis la dernière "
+"synchronisation. Une resynshronisation doit être effectuée avant de pouvoir "
+"créer un nouveau commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cela va être fait tout de suite automatiquement.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Des fichiers non fusionnés ne peuvent être commités.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le fichier %s a des conflicts de fusion. Vous devez les résoudre et pré-"
+"commiter le fichier avant de pouvoir commiter.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Un état de fichier inconnu %s a été détecté.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le fichier %s ne peut pas être commité par ce programme.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Pas de modification à commiter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous devez indexer au moins 1 fichier avant de pouvoir commiter.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Merci de fournir un message de commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un bon message de commit a le format suivant :\n"
+"\n"
+"- Première ligne : décrire en une phrase ce que vous avez fait.\n"
+"- Deuxième ligne : rien.\n"
+"- Lignes suivantes : Décrire pourquoi ces modifications sont bonnes.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "attention : Tcl ne supporte pas le codage '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Lancement de l'action d'avant-commit..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Commit refusé par l'action d'avant-commit."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Lancement de l'action \"message de commit\"..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Commit refusé par l'action \"message de commit\"."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Commit des modifications..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree a échoué :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Le commit a échoué."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Le commit %s semble être corrompu"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Pas de modification à commiter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Aucun fichier n'a été modifié par ce commit et il ne s'agit pas d'un commit "
+"de fusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"Une resynchronisation va être lancée tout de suite automatiquement.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Pas de modifications à commiter."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree a échoué :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref a échoué :"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Commit %s créé : %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Travail en cours... merci de patienter..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Succès"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Erreur : échec de la commande"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Nombre d'objets en fichier particulier"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Espace disque utilisé par les fichiers particuliers"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Nombre d'objets empaquetés"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Nombre de paquets d'objets"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Espace disque utilisé par les objets empaquetés"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Objets empaquetés attendant d'être supprimés"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Fichiers poubelle"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Compression de la base des objets"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Vérification de la base des objets avec fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ce dépôt comprend actuellement environ %i objets ayant leur fichier "
+"particulier.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pour conserver une performance optimale, il est fortement recommandé de "
+"comprimer la base quand plus de %i objets ayant leur fichier particulier "
+"existent.\n"
+"\n"
+"Comprimer la base maintenant ?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Date invalide de Git : %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Aucune différence détectée.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s ne comporte aucune modification.\n"
+"\n"
+"La date de modification de ce fichier a été mise à jour par une autre "
+"application, mais le contenu du fichier n'a pas changé.\n"
+"\n"
+"Une resynchronisation va être lancée automatiquement pour trouver d'autres "
+"fichiers qui pourraient se trouver dans le même état."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Chargement des différences de %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOCAL : supprimé\n"
+"DISTANT :\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"DISTANT : supprimé\n"
+"LOCAL :\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOCAL :\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "DISTANT :\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Impossible d'afficher %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Erreur lors du chargement du fichier :"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git (sous projet)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Fichier binaire (pas d'apperçu du contenu)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Le fichier non suivi fait %d octets.\n"
+"* Seuls les %d premiers octets sont montrés.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Fichier suivi raccourcis ici de %s.\n"
+"* Pour voir le fichier entier, utilisez un éditeur externe.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Échec lors de la désindexation de la section sélectionnée."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Échec lors de l'indexation de la section."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Échec lors de la désindexation de la ligne sélectionnée."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Échec lors de l'indexation de la ligne."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Défaut"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Système (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Autre"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "erreur"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "attention"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Vous devez corriger les erreurs suivantes avant de pouvoir commiter."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Impossible de déverrouiller l'index."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Erreur de l'index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Échec de la mise à jour de l'index. Une resynchronisation va être lancée "
+"automatiquement."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Continuer"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Déverrouiller l'index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Désindexation de : %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Prêt à être commité."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Ajout de %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Annuler les modifications dans le fichier %s ? "
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Annuler les modifications dans ces %i fichiers ?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Toutes les modifications non-indexées seront définitivement perdues par "
+"l'annulation."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Ne rien faire"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Annuler modifications dans fichiers selectionnés"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Annulation des modifications dans %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de fusionner pendant une correction.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous devez finir de corriger ce commit avant de lancer une quelconque "
+"fusion.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'état lors de la dernière synchronisation ne correspond plus à l'état du "
+"dépôt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un autre programme Git a modifié ce dépôt depuis la dernière "
+"synchronisation. Une resynchronisation doit être effectuée avant de pouvoir "
+"fusionner de nouveau.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cela va être fait tout de suite automatiquement\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous êtes au milieu d'une fusion conflictuelle.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le fichier %s a des conflicts de fusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous devez les résoudre, puis indexer le fichier, et enfin commiter pour "
+"terminer la fusion courante. Seulement à ce moment là sera-t-il possible "
+"d'effectuer une nouvelle fusion.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous êtes au milieu d'une modification.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le fichier %s a été modifié.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous devriez terminer le commit courant avant de lancer une fusion. En "
+"faisait comme cela, vous éviterez de devoir éventuellement abandonner une "
+"fusion ayant échoué.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s de %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Fusion de %s et %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "La fusion s'est faite avec succès."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "La fusion a echoué. Il est nécessaire de résoudre les conflits."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Fusion dans %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Révision à fusionner"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible d'abandonner en cours de correction.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous devez finir de corriger ce commit.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Abandonner la fusion ?\n"
+"\n"
+"Abandonner la fusion courante entrainera la perte de TOUTES les "
+"modifications non commitées.\n"
+"\n"
+"Abandonner quand même la fusion courante ?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Réinitialiser les modifications ?\n"
+"\n"
+"Réinitialiser les modifications va faire perdre TOUTES les modifications non "
+"commitées.\n"
+"\n"
+"Réinitialiser quand même les modifications courantes ?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Abandon"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "fichiers réinitialisés"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "L'abandon a échoué."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Abandon teminé. Prêt."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Forcer la résolution à la version de base ?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Forcer la résolution à cette branche ?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Forcer la résolution à l'autre branche ?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Noter que le diff ne montre que les modifications en conflit.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s sera écrasé.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cette opération ne peut être inversée qu'en relançant la fusion."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "Le fichier %s semble avoir des conflits non résolus, indexer quand même ?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Ajouter une résolution pour %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "Impossible de résoudre la suppression ou de relier des conflits en utilisant un outil"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Le fichier en conflit n'existe pas."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un outil graphique pour fusionner des fichiers."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Outil de fusion '%s' non supporté"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "L'outil de fusion tourne déjà, faut-il le terminer ?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Erreur lors de la récupération des versions :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de lancer l'outil de fusion :\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Lancement de l'outil de fusion..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "L'outil de fusion a échoué."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codage global '%s' invalide"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codage de dépôt '%s' invalide"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Remettre les valeurs par défaut"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Sauvegarder"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Dépôt : %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globales (tous les dépôts)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Nom d'utilisateur"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Adresse email"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Résumer les commits de fusion"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Fusion bavarde"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Montrer statistiques de diff après fusion"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Utiliser outil de fusion"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Faire confiance aux dates de modification de fichiers "
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Purger les branches de suivi pendant la récupération"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Faire correspondre les branches de suivi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Annoter les copies seulement sur fichiers modifiés"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Minimum de caratères pour annoter une copie"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Distance de blâme dans l'historique (jours)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Nombre de lignes de contexte dans les diffs"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Largeur du texte de message de commit"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Nouveau modèle de nom de branche"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Codage du contenu des fichiers par défaut"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Modifier"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Dictionnaire d'orthographe :"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Modifier les polices"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Choisir %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Préférences"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "La sauvegarde complète des options a échoué :"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Supprimer un dépôt distant"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Purger de"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Récupérer de"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Pousser vers"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Ajouter un dépôt distant"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Ajouter un nouveau dépôt distant"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Ajouter"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Détails des dépôts distants"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Emplacement :"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Action supplémentaire"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Récupérer immédiatement"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Initialiser un dépôt distant et pousser"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Ne rien faire d'autre maintenant"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Merci de fournir un nom de dépôt distant."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un nom de dépôt distant acceptable."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Échec de l'ajout du dépôt distant '%s' à l'emplacement '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "récupérer %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Récupération de %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Pas de méthode connue pour initialiser le dépôt à l'emplacement '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "pousser %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Mise en place de %s (à %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Supprimer une branche à distance"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Dépôt source"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Branche distante :"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Emplacement arbitraire :"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Branches"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Supprimer seulement si"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Fusionné dans :"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Toujours (ne pas vérifier les fusions)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Une branche est nécessaire pour 'Fusionné dans'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les branches suivantes ne sont pas complètement fusionnées dans %s :\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Un ou plusieurs des tests de fusion ont échoué parce que vous n'avez pas "
+"récupéré les commits nécessaires. Essayez de récupérer à partir de %s d'abord."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Merci de sélectionner une ou plusieurs branches à supprimer."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Il est difficile de récupérer des branches supprimées.\n"
+"\n"
+"Supprimer les branches sélectionnées ?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Suppression des branches de %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Aucun dépôt n'est sélectionné."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Synchronisation de %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Chercher :"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Suivant"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Précédent"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Sensible à la casse"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le raccourci :"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Impossible d'écrire l'icône :"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Vérificateur d'orthographe non supporté"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "La vérification d'orthographe n'est pas disponible"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Configuration de vérification d'orthographe invalide"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Réinitialisation du dictionnaire à %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "La vérification d'orthographe a échoué silencieusement au démarrage"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Vérificateur d'orthographe non reconnu"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Aucune suggestion"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "EOF inattendue envoyée par le vérificateur d'orthographe"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Le vérificateur d'orthographe a échoué"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Aucune clé trouvée."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Clé publique trouvée dans : %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Générer une clé"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Copier dans le presse-papier"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Votre clé publique OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Génération..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de lancer ssh-keygen :\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "La génération a échoué."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "La génération a réussi, mais aucune clé n'a été trouvée."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Votre clé est dans : %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i de %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Lancer %s nécessite qu'un fichier soit sélectionné."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir lancer %s ?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Outil : %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Lancement de : %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "L'outil a terminé avec succès : %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "L'outil a échoué : %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Ajouter un outil"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Ajouter une nouvelle commande d'outil"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Ajouter globalement"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Détails sur l'outil"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Utiliser les séparateurs '/' pour créer un arbre de sous-menus :"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Commande :"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Montrer une boîte de dialogue avant le lancement"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Demander à l'utilisateur de sélectionner une révision (change $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Demander à l'utilisateur des arguments supplémentaires (change $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Ne pas montrer la fenêtre de sortie des commandes"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Lancer seulement si un diff est sélectionné ($FILENAME non vide)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Merci de fournir un nom pour l'outil."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "L'outil '%s' existe déjà."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible d'ajouter l'outil :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Supprimer l'outil"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Supprimer des commandes d'outil"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Supprimer"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Le bleu indique des outils locaux au dépôt)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Lancer commande : %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Arguments"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Récupération des dernières modifications de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "purger à distance %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Nettoyer les branches de suivi supprimées de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Les modifications sont poussées vers %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Pousse %s %s vers %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Pousser branches"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Branches source"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Dépôt de destination"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Options de transfert"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Forcer l'écrasement d'une branche existante (peut supprimer des "
+"modifications)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Utiliser des petits paquets (pour les connexions lentes)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Inclure les marques (tags)"
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53b7d3634d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
@@ -0,0 +1,2369 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr ""
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/Makefile b/git-gui/po/glossary/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..749aa2e7ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+PO_TEMPLATE = git-gui-glossary.pot
+
+ALL_POFILES = $(wildcard *.po)
+
+$(PO_TEMPLATE): $(subst .pot,.txt,$(PO_TEMPLATE))
+	./txt-to-pot.sh $< > $@
+
+update-po:: git-gui-glossary.pot
+	$(foreach p, $(ALL_POFILES), echo Updating $p ; msgmerge -U $p $(PO_TEMPLATE) ; )
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/de.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/de.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35764d1d22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/de.po
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# Translation of git-gui glossary to German
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui glossary\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-01-07 21:20+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-02-16 21:48+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
+"Language-Team: German \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid ""
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+"Deutsche Ãœbersetzung.\n"
+"Andere deutsche SCM:\n"
+"  http://tortoisesvn.net/docs/release/TortoiseSVN_de/index.html und http://"
+"tortoisesvn.tigris.org/svn/tortoisesvn/trunk/Languages/Tortoise_de.po "
+"(username=guest, password empty, gut),\n"
+"  http://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/ms181038(vs.80).aspx (MS Visual "
+"Source Safe, kommerziell),\n"
+"  http://cvsbook.red-bean.com/translations/german/Kap_06.html "
+"(mittelmäßig),\n"
+"  http://tortoisecvs.cvs.sourceforge.net/tortoisecvs/po/TortoiseCVS/de_DE.po?"
+"view=markup (mittelmäßig),\n"
+"  http://rapidsvn.tigris.org/svn/rapidsvn/trunk/src/locale/de/rapidsvn.po "
+"(username=guest, password empty, schlecht)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "nachbessern (ergänzen)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "annotieren"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "Zweig"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "verzweigen"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitskopie (Erstellung einer Arbeitskopie; Auscheck? Ausspielung? Abruf? "
+"Source Safe: Auscheckvorgang)"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitskopie erstellen; Zweig umstellen [checkout a branch] (auschecken? "
+"ausspielen? abrufen? Source Safe: auschecken)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "klonen"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+"Version; Eintragung; Änderung (Buchung?, Eintragung?, Übertragung?, "
+"Sendung?, Ãœbergabe?, Einspielung?, Ablagevorgang?)"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+"eintragen (TortoiseSVN: übertragen; Source Safe: einchecken; senden?, "
+"übergeben?, einspielen?, einpflegen?, ablegen?)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "Vergleich (Source Safe: Unterschiede)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "vergleichen"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "Schnellzusammenführung"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "anfordern (holen?)"
+
+#. "One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+msgid "hunk"
+msgstr "Kontext"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "Bereitstellung"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "Zusammenführung"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "zusammenführen"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "Beschreibung (Meldung?, Nachricht?; Source Safe: Kommentar)"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "aufräumen (entfernen?)"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "übernehmen (ziehen?)"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "versenden (ausliefern? hochladen? verschicken? schieben?)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "wiederholen"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "Andere Archive (Gegenseite?, Entfernte?, Server?)"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "zurücksetzen (zurückkehren?)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "verwerfen (bei git-reset), revidieren (bei git-revert, also mit neuem commit)"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "Version (TortoiseSVN: Revision; Source Safe: Version)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "abzeichnen (gegenzeichnen?, freizeichnen?, absegnen?)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "Bereitstellung"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "Status"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "Markierung"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "markieren"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "Ãœbernahmezweig"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "rückgängig"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "aktualisieren"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "überprüfen"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "Arbeitskopie"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/fr.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/fr.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27c006abb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/fr.po
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+# translation of fr.po to French
+# Translation of git-gui glossary to French
+# Copyright (C) 2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+#
+# Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>, 2008.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: fr\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-01-15 21:04+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-01-15 21:17+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: French\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Generator: KBabel 1.11.4\n"
+"Plural-Forms:  nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid "English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "corriger"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "annoter"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "branche"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "créer une branche"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "emprunt"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr "emprunter"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "cloner"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr "commiter"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "différence"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "comparer"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "fusion par avance rapide"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "récupérer"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "pré-commit"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "fusion"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "fusionner"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "message"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "nettoyer"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "tirer"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "pousser"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "refaire"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "référentiel distant"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "référentiel"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "réinitialiser"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "inverser"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "révision"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "signer"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "pré-commit"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "état"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "marque"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "marquer"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "branche de suivi"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "défaire"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "mise à jour"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "vérifier"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "copie de travail, arborescence de travail"
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.pot b/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.pot
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40eb3e9c07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.pot
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-01-07 21:20+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid "English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+msgid "hunk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.txt b/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b31f69152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/git-gui-glossary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"	"English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+"amend"	""
+"annotate"	""
+"branch [noun]"	"A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+"branch [verb]"	""
+"checkout [noun]"	""
+"checkout [verb]"	"The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+"clone [verb]"	""
+"commit [noun]"	"A single point in the git history."
+"commit [verb]"	"The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+"diff [noun]"	""
+"diff [verb]"	""
+"fast forward merge"	"A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+"fetch"	"Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+"hunk"	"One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+"index (in git-gui: staging area)"	"A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+"merge [noun]"	"A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+"merge [verb]"	"To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+"message"	""
+"prune"	"Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+"pull"	"Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+"push"	"Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+"redo"	""
+"remote"	"An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+"repository"	"A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+"reset"	""
+"revert"	""
+"revision"	"A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+"sign off"	""
+"staging area"	""
+"status"	""
+"tag [noun]"	"A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+"tag [verb]"	""
+"tracking branch"	"A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+"undo"	""
+"update"	""
+"verify"	""
+"working copy, working tree"	"The tree of actual checked out files."
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/it.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/it.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb46b48d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/it.po
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+# Translation of git-gui glossary to Italian
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui glossary\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-10-19 21:43+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-10-10 15:24+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Italian \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid ""
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+"Traduzione italiana.\n"
+"Altri SCM in italiano:\n"
+"  http://tortoisesvn.tigris.org/svn/tortoisesvn/trunk/Languages/Tortoise_it."
+"po (username=guest, password empty),\n"
+"  http://tortoisecvs.cvs.sourceforge.net/tortoisecvs/po/TortoiseCVS/it_IT.po?"
+"view=markup ,\n"
+"  http://rapidsvn.tigris.org/svn/rapidsvn/trunk/src/locale/it_IT/rapidsvn.po "
+"(username=guest, password empty)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "correggere, correzione"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "annotare, annotazione"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "ramo, diramazione, ramificazione"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "creare ramo, ramificare, diramare"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "attivazione, checkout, revisione attiva, prelievo (TortoiseCVS)?"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+"attivare, effettuare un checkout, attivare revisione, prelevare "
+"(TortoiseCVS), ritirare (TSVN)?"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "clonare"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "revisione, commit, deposito (TortoiseCVS), invio (TSVN)?"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr ""
+"creare una nuova revisione, archiviare, effettuare un commit, depositare "
+"(nel server), fare un deposito (TortoiseCVS), inviare (TSVN)?"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "differenza, confronto, comparazione, raffronto"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "confronta, mostra le differenze"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "fusione in 'fast-forward', fusione in avanti veloce"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "recuperare, prelevare, prendere da, recuperare (TSVN)"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "indice"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "fusione, unione"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "effettuare la fusione, unire, fondere, eseguire la fusione"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "messaggio, commento"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "potatura"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr ""
+"prendi (recupera) e fondi (unisci)? (in pratica una traduzione di fetch + "
+"merge)"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "propaga"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "ripeti, rifai"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "remoto"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "archivio, repository, database? deposito (rapidsvn)?"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "ripristinare, annullare, azzerare, ripristinare"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr ""
+"annullare, inverti (rapidsvn), ritorna allo stato precedente, annulla le "
+"modifiche della revisione"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revisione (TortoiseSVN)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "sign off, firma"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr ""
+"area di preparazione, zona di preparazione, modifiche in preparazione? "
+"modifiche in allestimento?"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "stato"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "etichetta, etichettatura (TortoiseCVS)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "etichettare"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"duplicato locale di ramo remoto, ramo in 'tracking', ramo inseguitore? ramo "
+"di {inseguimento,allineamento,rilevamento,puntamento}?"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "annulla"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "aggiornamento, aggiornare"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "verifica, verificare"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "directory di lavoro, copia di lavoro"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh b/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..49bf7c5365
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# This is a very, _very_, simple script to convert a tab-separated
+# .txt file into a .pot/.po.
+# Its not clever but it took me 2 minutes to write :)
+# Michael Twomey <michael.twomey@ireland.sun.com>
+# 23 March 2001
+# with slight GnuCash modifications by Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>
+# 19 Aug 2001, 23 Jul 2007
+
+#check args
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]
+then
+	cat <<!
+Usage: `basename $0` git-gui-glossary.txt > git-gui-glossary.pot
+!
+	exit 1;
+fi
+
+GLOSSARY_CSV="$1";
+
+if [ ! -f "$GLOSSARY_CSV" ]
+then
+	echo "Can't find $GLOSSARY_CSV.";
+	exit 1;
+fi
+
+cat <<!
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: `date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M%z'`\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n"
+
+!
+
+#Yes this is the most simple awk script you've ever seen :)
+awk -F'\t' '{if ($2 != "") print "#. "$2; print "msgid "$1; print "msgstr \"\"\n"}' \
+$GLOSSARY_CSV
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/zh_cn.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/zh_cn.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..158835b5c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/zh_cn.po
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+# Translation of git-gui glossary to Simplified Chinese
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Xudong Guan <xudong.guan@gmail.com> and the zh-kernel.org mailing list, 2007
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui glossary\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-07-23 22:07+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Xudong Guan <xudong.guan@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Simplified Chinese \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid ""
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr "注：这个文件是为了帮助翻译人员统一��术语。最终用户�会关心这个文件。"
+
+#. ""
+#. amend指用户修改最近一次commit的�作，修订？修改？修正？
+#. [WANG Cong]: 根�我的了解，这个�似乎翻译�“修订�多一些。“修正�也�以，“修改��次之。
+#. [ZHANG Le]: 修订，感觉一般指对一些大型出版物的大规模�级，比如修订新�字典
+#              修正，其实�次amend的结果也�一定就是最�结果，说�定还需�修改。所以�
+#              如就�修改
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "修订"
+
+#. ""
+#. git annotate 文件�：用�标注文件的�一行在什么时候被�最�修改。
+#. [WANG Cong]: "标记"一般是mark。;)
+#. [ZHANG Le]: 标注，或者干脆用原�：注解，或注释
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "标注"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "分支"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "建立分支"
+
+#. ""
+#. [WANG Cong]: 网上有人翻译�“检出�，我感觉更好一些，毕竟把check的��翻译出�了。
+#. [ZHNAG Le]: ���，��分支�版本
+#. [rae l]: 签出。subversion软件中的大多�汇已有翻译，既然git与subversion�是SCM管�，�以�考�类软件的翻译也�错。
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "签出"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr "签出"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "�交"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr "�交"
+
+#. ""
+#. 差异？差别？
+#. [ZHANG Le]: 个人感觉差别更加中性一些
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "差别"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "比较"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "快进��并"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+#. 获�？�得？下载？更新？注�和update的区分
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "获�"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+#. index是working tree和repository之间的缓存
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "工作缓存？"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "�并"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "�并"
+
+#. ""
+#. message是指commit中的文字信�
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "�述"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "获�＋�并"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "推入"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "仓库"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "�置"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "版本"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "签�"
+
+#. ""
+#. 似乎是git-gui里�显示的本次�交的文件清�区域
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "�交暂存区"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "状�"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "标签"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "添加标签"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "跟踪分支"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "撤销"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "更新。注�和fetch的区分"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "验�"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+#. "工作副本？工作区域？工作目录"
+#. [LI Yang]: 当�副本， 当���树？
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "工作副本，工作��树"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/hu.po b/git-gui/po/hu.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f87bc1cbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/hu.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2602 @@
+# Hungarian translations for git-gui-i package.
+# Copyright (C) 2007 THE git-gui-i'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui-i package.
+# Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>, 2007.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui-i 18n\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-10 15:00+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: Hungarian\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: végzetes hiba"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen font lett megadva itt: %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Fő betűtípus"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Diff/konzol betűtípus"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "A git nem található a PATH-ban."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Nem értelmezhető a Git verzió sztring:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nem állípítható meg a Git verziója.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s szerint a verzió '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s a Git 1.5.0 vagy későbbi verzióját igényli.\n"
+"\n"
+"Feltételezhetjük, hogy a(z) '%s' verziója legalább 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "A Git könyvtár nem található:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Nem lehet a munkakönyvtár tetejére lépni:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Nem használható vicces .git könyvtár:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Nincs munkakönyvtár"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "A fájlok státuszának frissítése..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Módosított fájlok keresése ..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "A prepare-commit-msg hurok meghívása..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "A commitot megakadályozta a prepare-commit-msg hurok."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Kész."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Nem módosított"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Módosított, de nem kiválasztott"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Kiválasztva commitolásra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Részek kiválasztva commitolásra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Kiválasztva commitolásra, hiányzó"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Fájl típus megváltozott, nem kiválasztott"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "A fájltípus megváltozott, kiválasztott"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Nem követett, nem kiválasztott"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Hiányzó"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Kiválasztva eltávolításra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Kiválasztva eltávolításra, jelenleg is elérhető"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Merge feloldás szükséges"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "A gitk indítása... várjunk..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "A gitk nem található a PATH-ban."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Repó"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Szerkesztés"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Branch"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Commit@@főnév"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Merge"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Távoli"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Eszközök"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Munkamásolat felfedezése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "A jelenlegi branch fájljainak böngészése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "A branch fájljainak böngészése..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "A jelenlegi branch történetének vizualizálása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Az összes branch történetének vizualizálása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "A(z) %s branch fájljainak böngészése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "A(z) %s branch történetének vizualizálása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Adatbázis statisztikák"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Adatbázis tömörítése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Adatbázis ellenőrzése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Asztal ikon létrehozása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Kilépés"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Visszavonás"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Mégis"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Kivágás"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Másolás"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Beillesztés"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Törlés"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Mindent kiválaszt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Létrehozás..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Checkout..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "�tnevezés..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Törlés..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Visszaállítás..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Kész"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Commit@@ige"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Új commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Utolsó commit javítása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Keresés újra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Kiválasztás commitolásra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Módosított fájlok kiválasztása commitolásra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Commitba való kiválasztás visszavonása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Változtatások visszaállítása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Kevesebb környezet mutatása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Több környezet mutatása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Aláír"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Helyi merge..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Merge megszakítása..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Hozzáadás..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Push..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Branch törlése..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Névjegy: %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Beállítások..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Opciók..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Eltávolítás..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Segítség"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Online dokumentáció"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "SSH kulcs mutatása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"végzetes hiba: nem érhető el a(z) %s útvonal: Nincs ilyen fájl vagy könyvtár"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Jelenlegi branch:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Kiválasztott változtatások (commitolva lesz)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Kiválasztatlan változtatások"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Változtatások kiválasztása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Push"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Kezdeti commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Javító commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Kezdeti javító commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Javító merge commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Merge commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Commit üzenet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Összes másolása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Fájl:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Frissítés"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Font méret csökkentése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Fönt méret növelése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Kódolás"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Hunk alkalmazása/visszaállítása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Sor alkalmazása/visszaállítása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Merge eszköz futtatása"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Távoli verzió használata"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Helyi verzió használata"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Visszaállítás az alaphoz"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Hunk törlése commitból"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "A sor kiválasztásának törlése"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Hunk kiválasztása commitba"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Sor kiválasztása commitba"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Inicializálás..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Lehetséges, hogy környezeti problémák vannak.\n"
+"\n"
+"A következő környezeti változók valószínűleg\n"
+"figyelmen kívül lesznek hagyva a(z) %s által\n"
+"indított folyamatok által:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ez a Cygwin által terjesztett Tcl binárisban\n"
+"lévő ismert hiba miatt van."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy jó helyettesítés a(z) %s számára\n"
+"a user.name és user.email beállítások\n"
+"elhelyezése a személyes\n"
+"~/.gitconfig fájlba.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - egy grafikus felület a Githez."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Fájl néző"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Commit:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Commit másolása"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Szöveg keresése..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Teljes másolat-érzékelés bekapcsolása"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Történeti környezet mutatása"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Szülő commit vizsgálata"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "A(z) %s olvasása..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "A másolást/átnevezést követő annotációk betöltése..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "sor annotálva"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Az eredeti hely annotációk betöltése..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Az annotáció kész."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Elfoglalt"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Az annotációs folyamat már fut."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Futtatás másolás-érzékelésen keresztül..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Az annotáció betöltése..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Szerző:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Commiter:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Eredeti fájl:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Nem található a HEAD commit:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Nem található a szülő commit:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Nem lehet megjeleníteni a szülőt"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Hiba a diff betöltése közben:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Eredeti szerző:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Ebben a fájlban:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Ide másolta vagy helyezte:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Branch checkoutolása"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Checkout"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Mégsem"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revízió"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Opciók"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Követő branch letöltése"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Helyi branch leválasztása"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Branch létrehozása"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Új branch létrehozása"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Létrehozás"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Branch neve"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Név:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Egyeztetendő követési branch név"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "A következő revíziótól"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Létező branch frissítése"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nem"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Csak fast forward"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Visszaállítás"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Checkout létrehozás után"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Válasszunk ki egy követő branchet."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "A(z) %s követő branch nem branch a távoli repóban."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Adjunk megy egy branch nevet."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' nem egy elfogadható branch név."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Branch törlése"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Helyi branch törlése"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Helyi branchek"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Csak már merge-ölt törlése"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Mindig (Ne legyen merge teszt.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "A következő branchek nem teljesen lettek merge-ölve ebbe: %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Nem sikerült törölni a következő brancheket:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Branch átnevezése"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "�tnevezés"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Branch:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Új név:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Válasszunk ki egy átnevezendő branchet."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' branch már létezik."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült átnevezni: '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Indítás..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Fájl böngésző"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "A(z) %s betöltése..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Fel a szülőhöz]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "A branch fájljainak böngészése"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Böngészés"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "A(z) %s letöltése innen: %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "végzetes: Nem lehet feloldani a következőt: %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Bezárás"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' branch nem létezik."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Nem sikerült beállítani az egyszerűsített git-pull-t a(z) '%s' számára."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"A(z) '%s' branch már létezik.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nem lehet fast-forwardolni a következőhöz: %s.\n"
+"Egy merge szükséges."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' merge strategy nem támogatott."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült frissíteni a következőt: '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "A kiválasztási terület (index) már zárolva van."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Az utolsó keresési állapot nem egyezik meg a repó állpotával.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy másik Git program módosította ezt a repót az utolsó keresés óta. Egy "
+"újrakeresés mindenképpen szükséges mielőtt a jelenlegi branchet módosítani "
+"lehetne.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "A munkkönyvtár frissiítése a következőre: '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "fájl frissítve"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' checkoutja megszakítva (fájlszintű merge-ölés szükséges)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Fájlszintű merge-ölés szükséges."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Jelenleg a(z) '%s' branchen."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Már nem egy helyi branchen vagyunk.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ha egy branchen szeretnénk lenni, hozzunk létre egyet az 'Ez a leválasztott "
+"checkout'-ból."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' kifejtve."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"A(z) '%s' -> '%s' visszaállítás a következő commitok elvesztését jelenti:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Az elveszett commitok helyreállítása nem biztos, hogy egyszerű."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Visszaállítjuk a következőt: '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Vizualizálás"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Nem sikerült beállítani a jelenlegi branchet.\n"
+"\n"
+"A munkakönyvtár csak részben váltott át.  A fájlok sikeresen frissítve "
+"lettek, de nem sikerült frissíteni egy belső Git fájlt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ennek nem szabad megtörténnie.  A(z) %s most kilép és feladja."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Kiválaszt"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Font család"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Font méret"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Font példa"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Ez egy példa szöveg.\n"
+"Ha ez megfelel, ez lehet a betűtípus."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Új repó létrehozása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Új..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Létező repó másolása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Másolás..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Létező könyvtár megnyitása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Meggyitás..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Legutóbbi repók"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Legutóbbi repók megnyitása:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült letrehozni a(z) %s repót:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Könyvtár:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Git repó"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' könyvtár már létezik."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' fájl már létezik."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Bezárás"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Forrás helye:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Cél könyvtár:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Másolás típusa:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "�ltalános (Gyors, félig-redundáns, hardlinkek)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Teljes másolás (Lassabb, redundáns biztonsági mentés)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Megosztott (Leggyorsabb, nem ajánlott, nincs mentés)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Nem Git repó: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "A standard csak helyi repókra érhető el."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "A megosztott csak helyi repókra érhető el."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' hely már létezik."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült beállítani az origint"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Objektumok számolása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "vödrök"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült másolni az objects/info/alternates-t: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Semmi másolni való nincs innen: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "A 'master' branch nincs inicializálva."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Nem érhetőek el hardlinkek.  Másolás használata."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Másolás innen: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Objektumok másolása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült másolni az objektumot: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Objektumok összefűzése"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objektum"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült hardlinkelni az objektumot: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Nem sikerült letölteni a branch-eket és az objektumokat.  Bővebben a "
+"konzolos kimenetben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült letölteni a tageket.  Bővebben a konzolos kimenetben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült megállapítani a HEAD-et.  Bővebben a konzolos kimenetben."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült tiszítani: %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "A másolás nem sikerült."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Nincs alapértelmezett branch."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült felöldani a(z) %s objektumot commitként."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Munkakönyvtár létrehozása"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "fájl"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "A kezdeti fájl-kibontás sikertelen."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Megnyitás"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Repó:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült megnyitni a(z) %s repót:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Ez a leválasztott checkout"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Revízió kifejezés:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Helyi branch"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Követő branch"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tag"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen revízió: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Nincs kiválasztva revízió."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "A revízió kifejezés üres."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Frissítve"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nincs semmi javítanivaló.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az első commit létrehozása előtt nincs semmilyen commit amit javitani "
+"lehetne.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nem lehet javítani merge alatt.\n"
+"\n"
+"A jelenlegi merge még nem teljesen fejeződött be. Csak akkor javíthat egy "
+"előbbi commitot, hogyha megszakítja a jelenlegi merge folyamatot.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Hiba a javítandó commit adat betöltése közben:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült megállapítani az azonosítót:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Az utolsó keresési állapot nem egyezik meg a repó állapotával.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy másik Git program módosította ezt a repót az utolsó keresés óta. Egy "
+"újrakeresés mindenképpen szükséges mielőtt a jelenlegi branchet módosítani "
+"lehetne.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nem commitolhatunk fájlokat merge előtt.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s fájlban ütközések vannak. Egyszer azokat ki kell javítani, majd "
+"hozzá ki kell választani a fájlt mielőtt commitolni lehetne.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ismeretlen fájl típus %s érzékelve.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s fájlt nem tudja ez a program commitolni.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nincs commitolandó változtatás.\n"
+"\n"
+"Legalább egy fájl ki kell választani, hogy commitolni lehessen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Adjunk megy egy commit üzenetet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy jó commit üzenetnek a következő a formátuma:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Első sor: Egy mondatban leírja, hogy mit csináltunk.\n"
+"- Második sor: Üres\n"
+"- A többi sor: Leírja, hogy miért jó ez a változtatás.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "figyelmeztetés: a Tcl nem támogatja a(z) '%s' kódolást."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "A pre-commit hurok meghívása..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "A commitot megakadályozta a pre-commit hurok. "
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "A commit-msg hurok meghívása..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "A commiot megakadályozta a commit-msg hurok."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "A változtatások commitolása..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "a write-tree sikertelen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "A commit nem sikerült."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "A(z) %s commit sérültnek tűnik"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nincs commitolandó változtatás.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egyetlen fájlt se módosított ez a commit és merge commit se volt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Nincs commitolandó változtatás."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "a commit-tree sikertelen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "az update-ref sikertelen:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Létrejött a %s commit: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Munka folyamatban.. Várjunk..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Siker"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Hiba: a parancs sikertelen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Elvesztett objektumok száma"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Elveszett objektumok által elfoglalt lemezterület"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Csomagolt objektumok számra"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Csomagok száma"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "A csomagolt objektumok által használt lemezterület"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Eltávolításra váró csomagolt objektumok számra"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Hulladék fájlok"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Az objektum adatbázis tömörítése"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Az objektum adatbázis ellenőrzése az fsck-objects használatával"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ennek a repónak jelenleg %i különálló objektuma van.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az optimális teljesítményhez erősen ajánlott az adatbázis tömörítése, ha "
+"több mint %i objektum létezik.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lehet most tömöríteni az adatbázist?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen dátum a Git-től: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Nincsenek változások.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s módosítatlan.\n"
+"\n"
+"A fájl módosítási dátumát frissítette egy másik alkalmazás, de a fájl "
+"tartalma változatlan.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy újrakeresés fog indulni a hasonló állapotú fájlok megtalálása érdekében."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "A(z) %s diff-jének betöltése..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"HELYI: törölve\n"
+"T�VOLI:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"T�VOLI: törölve\n"
+"HELYI:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "HELYI:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "T�VOLI:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Nem lehet megjeleníteni a következőt: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Hiba a fájl betöltése közben:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git repó (alprojekt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Bináris fájl (tartalom elrejtése)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Nem követett fájl %d bájttal.\n"
+"* Csak az első %d bájt mutatása.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Nem követett fájlt levágta a(z) %s.\n"
+"* A teljes tartalom megjelenítéséhez használjunk külső szövegszerkesztőt.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Nem visszavonni a hunk kiválasztását."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült kiválasztani a hunkot."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült visszavonni a sor kiválasztását."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült kiválasztani a sort."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Alapértelmezés"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Rendszer (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Más"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "hiba"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "figyelmeztetés"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Ki kell javítanunk a fenti hibákat commit előtt."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült az index zárolásának feloldása."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Index hiba"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"A Git index frissítése sikertelen volt.  Egy újraolvasás automatikusan "
+"elindult, hogy a git-gui újra szinkonban legyen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Folytatás"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Index zárolásának feloldása"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "A(z) %s commitba való kiválasztásának visszavonása"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Commitolásra kész."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "A(z) %s hozzáadása..."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Visszaállítja a változtatásokat a(z) %s fájlban?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Visszaállítja a változtatásokat ebben e %i fájlban?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Minden nem kiválasztott változtatás el fog veszni ezáltal a visszaállítás "
+"által."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Ne csináljunk semmit"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "A kiválasztott fájlok visszaállítása"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "%s visszaállítása"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Javítás közben nem lehetséges a merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egyszer be kell fejezni ennek a commitnak a javítását, majd kezdődhet egy "
+"merge.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Az utolsó keresési állapot nem egyezik meg a repó állapotával.\n"
+"\n"
+"Egy másik Git program módosította ezt a repót az utolsó keresés óta. Egy "
+"újrakeresés mindenképpen szükséges mielőtt a jelenlegi branchet módosítani "
+"lehetne.\n"
+"\n"
+"Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Jelenleg egy ütközés feloldása közben vagyunk.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s fájlban ütközések vannak.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fel kell oldanunk őket, kiválasztani a fájlt, és commitolni hogy befejezzük "
+"a jelenlegi merge-t. Csak ezután kezdhetünk el egy újabbat.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Jelenleg egy változtatás közben vagyunk.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s fájl megváltozott.\n"
+"\n"
+"Először be kell fejeznünk a jelenlegi commitot, hogy elkezdhessünk egy merge-"
+"t. Ez segíteni fog, hogy félbeszakíthassunk egy merge-t.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s / %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "A(z) %s és a(z) %s merge-ölése..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "A merge sikeresen befejeződött."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "A merge sikertelen. Fel kell oldanunk az ütközéseket."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Merge-ölés a következőbe: %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Merge-ölni szándékozott revízió"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"A commit javítás közben megszakítva.\n"
+"\n"
+"Be kell fejeznünk ennek a commitnak a javítását.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Megszakítjuk a merge-t?\n"
+"\n"
+"A jelenlegi merge megszakítása *MINDEN* nem commitolt változtatás "
+"elvesztését jelenti.\n"
+"\n"
+"Folytatjuk a jelenlegi merge megszakítását?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Visszavonjuk a módosításokat?\n"
+"\n"
+"A módosítások visszavonása *MINDEN* nem commitolt változtatás elvesztését "
+"jelenti.\n"
+"\n"
+"Folytatjuk a jelenlegi módosítások visszavonását?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Félbeszakítás"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "fájl visszaállítva"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "A félbeszakítás nem sikerült."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "A megkeszakítás befejeződött. Kész."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Feloldás erőltetése az alap verzióhoz?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Feloldás erőltetése ehhez a branch-hez?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Feloldás erőltetése a másik branch-hez?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Megjegyzés: csak az ütköző különbségek látszanak.\n"
+"\n"
+"A(z) %s felül lesz írva.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ez a művelet csak a merge újraindításával lesz visszavonható."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"A(z) %s fájl nem feloldott ütközéseket tartalmaz, mégis legyen kiválasztva?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Feloldás hozzáadása a(z) %s számára"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "Nem lehet feloldani törlési vagy link ütközést egy eszközzel"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "A konfiklus-fájl nem létezik."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nem GUI merge eszköz: %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' merge eszköz nem támogatott"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "A merge eszköz már fut, le legyen állítva?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Hiba a verziók kinyerése közben:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"A merge eszköz indítása sikertelen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "A merge eszköz futtatása..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "A merge eszköz nem sikerült."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen globális kódolás '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen repó kódolás '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Alapértelmezés visszaállítása"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Mentés"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s Repó"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globális (minden repó)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Felhasználónév"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Email cím"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "A merge commitok összegzése"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Merge beszédesség"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Diffstat mutatása merge után"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Merge eszköz használata"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "A fájl módosítási dátumok megbízhatóak"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "A követő branchek eltávolítása letöltés alatt"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "A követő branchek egyeztetése"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "A blame másolás bekapcsolása csak megváltozott fájlokra"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Minimum betűszám blame másolás-érzékeléshez"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Blame történet környezet sugár (napokban)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "A diff környezeti sorok száma"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Commit üzenet szövegének szélessége"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Új branch név sablon"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Alapértelmezett fájltartalom-kódolás"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Megváltoztatás"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Helyesírás-ellenőrző szótár:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Betűtípus megváltoztatása"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "%s választása"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Beállítások"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült teljesen elmenteni a beállításokat:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Remote eltávolítása"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Törlés innen"
+
+# tcl-format
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Letöltés innen"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Push ide"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Remote hozzáadása"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Új remote hozzáadása"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Hozzáadás"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Remote részletei"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Hely:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Következő művelet"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Letöltés most"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Távoli repó inicializálása és push"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Ne csináljunk semmit"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Adjunk megy egy remote nevet."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' nem egy elfogadható remote név."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Nem sikerült a(t) '%s' remote hozzáadása innen: '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "a(z) %s letöltése"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "A(z) %s letöltése"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Nem tudni, hogy hogy kell a(z) '%s' helyen repót inicializálni."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "%s push-olása"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "A(z) %s beállítása itt: %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Távoli Branch törlése"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Forrás repó"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Távoli:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Önkényes hely:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Branchek"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Törlés csak akkor ha"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Merge-ölt a következőbe:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Mindig (Ne végezzen merge vizsgálatokat)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Egy branch szükséges a 'Merge-ölt a következőbe'-hez."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"A következő branchek nem teljesen lettek merge-ölve ebbe: %s:\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Egy vagy több merge teszt hibát jelzett, mivel nem töltöttük le a megfelelő "
+"commitokat. Próbáljunk meg letölteni a következőből: %s először."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Válasszunk ki egy vagy több branchet törlésre."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"A törölt branchek visszaállítása nehéz.\n"
+"\n"
+"Töröljük a kiválasztott brancheket?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Brancek törlése innen: %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Nincs kiválasztott repó."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Keresés itt: %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Keresés:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Következő"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Előző"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Kisbetű-nagybetű számít"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült írni a gyorsbillentyűt:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Nem sikerült írni az ikont:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Nem támogatott helyesírás-ellenőrző"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "A helyesírás-ellenőrzés nem elérhető"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Érvénytelen a helyesírás-ellenőrző beállítása"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Szótár visszaállítása a következőre: %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "A helyesírás-ellenőrő indítása sikertelen"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Ismeretlen helyesírás-ellenőrző"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Nincs javaslat"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Nem várt EOF a helyesírás-ellenőrzőtől"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "A helyesírás-ellenőrzés sikertelen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Nincsenek kulcsok."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Nyilvános kulcs található ebben: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Kulcs generálása"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Másolás vágólapra"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Az OpenSSH publikus kulcsunk"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Generálás..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Az ssh-keygen indítása sikertelen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "A generálás nem sikerült."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "A generálás sikeres, de egy kulcs se található."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "A kulcsunk itt van: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i / %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "A(z) %s futtatása egy kiválasztott fájlt igényel."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Biztos benne, hogy futtatni kívánja: %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Eszköz: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Futtatás: %s..."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Az eszköz sikeresen befejeződött: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Az eszköz sikertelen: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Eszköz hozzáadása"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Új eszköz-parancs hozzáadása"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Globális hozzáadás"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Eszköz részletei"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Használjunk '/' szeparátorokat almenü-fa létrehozásához:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Parancs:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Parancsablak mutatása futtatás előtt"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr ""
+"Megkéri a felhasználót, hogy válasszon ki egy revíziót (a $REVISION-t "
+"állítja)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Megkérdezi a felhasználót további argumentumokért (a $ARGS-ot állítja)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Ne mutassa a parancs kimeneti ablakát"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Futtatás csak ha egy diff ki van választva (a $FILENAME nem üres)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Adjunk meg egy eszköz nevet."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "A(z) '%s' eszköz már létezik."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Az eszköz nem hozzáadható:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Eszköz eltávolítása"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Eszköz parancsok eltávolítása"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Eltávolítás"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Kék jelzi a repó-specifikus eszközöket)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Parancs futtatása: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumentumok"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Új változások letöltése innen: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "a(z) %s távoli törlése"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "A %s repóból törölt követő branchek törlése"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Változások pusholása ide: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Tükrözés a következő helyre: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Pusholás: %s %s, ide: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Branchek pusholása"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Forrás branchek"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Cél repó"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "�tviteli opciók"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Létező branch felülírásának erőltetése (lehet, hogy el fog dobni "
+"változtatásokat)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Vékony csomagok használata (lassú hálózati kapcsolatok számára)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Tageket is"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Unable to start gitk:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "%s does not exist"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "A gitk indítása sikertelen:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "A(z) %s nem létezik"
+
+#~ msgid "Apple"
+#~ msgstr "Apple"
+
+#~ msgid "URL:"
+#~ msgstr "URL:"
+
+#~ msgid "Delete Remote Branch"
+#~ msgstr "Távoli branch törlése"
+
+#~ msgid "Not connected to aspell"
+#~ msgstr "Nincs kapcsolat az aspellhez"
+
+#~ msgid "Unstaged Changes (Will Not Be Committed)"
+#~ msgstr "Nem kiválasztott változtatások (nem lesz commitolva)"
+
+#~ msgid "Push to %s..."
+#~ msgstr "Pusholás ide: %s..."
+
+#~ msgid "Add Existing To Commit"
+#~ msgstr "Hozzáadás létező commithoz"
+
+#~ msgid "Add Existing"
+#~ msgstr "Létező hozzáadása"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Abort commit?\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Aborting the current commit will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be "
+#~ "lost.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Continue with aborting the current commit?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Megszakítjuk a commitot?\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "A jelenlegi commit megszakítása *MINDEN* nem commitolt változtatás "
+#~ "elvesztését jelenti.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Folytatjuk a jelenlegi commit megszakítását?"
+
+#~ msgid "Aborting... please wait..."
+#~ msgstr "Megszakítás... várjunk..."
diff --git a/git-gui/po/it.po b/git-gui/po/it.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..762632c22f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/it.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2567 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Italian
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# Paolo Ciarrocchi <paolo.ciarrocchi@gmail.com>, 2007
+# Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>, 2007.
+#
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-09 13:04+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Italian <tp@lists.linux.it>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: errore grave"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Caratteri non validi specificati in %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Caratteri principali"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Caratteri per confronti e terminale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Impossibile trovare git nel PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Impossibile determinare la versione di Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La versione di Git non può essere determinata.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s riporta che la versione è '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s richiede almeno Git 1.5.0 o superiore.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assumere che '%s' sia alla versione 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Non trovo la directory di git: "
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Impossibile spostarsi sulla directory principale del progetto:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Impossibile usare una .git directory strana:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Nessuna directory di lavoro"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Controllo dello stato dei file in corso..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Ricerca di file modificati in corso..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Avvio prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Revisione rifiutata dal prepare-commit-msg hook."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Pronto."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Non modificato"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Modificato, non preparato per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Preparato per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Parti preparate per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Preparato per una nuova revisione, mancante"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Tipo di file modificato, non preparato per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Tipo di file modificato, preparato per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Non tracciato, non preparato per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Mancante"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Preparato per la rimozione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Preparato alla rimozione, ancora presente"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Richiede risoluzione dei conflitti"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Avvio di gitk... attendere..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Impossibile trovare gitk nel PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Archivio"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Modifica"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Fusione (Merge)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Remoto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Strumenti"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Esplora copia di lavoro"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Esplora i file del ramo attuale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Esplora i file del ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualizza la cronologia del ramo attuale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualizza la cronologia di tutti i rami"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Esplora i file di %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualizza la cronologia di %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Statistiche dell'archivio"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Comprimi l'archivio"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verifica l'archivio"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Crea icona desktop"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Esci"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Annulla"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Ripeti"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Taglia"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Copia"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Incolla"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Elimina"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Seleziona tutto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Crea..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Attiva..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Rinomina"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Elimina..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Ripristina..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Fatto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Correggi l'ultima revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Analizza nuovamente"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Prepara per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Prepara i file modificati per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Annulla preparazione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Annulla modifiche"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Mostra meno contesto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Mostra più contesto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Sign Off"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Fusione locale..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Interrompi fusione..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Aggiungi..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Propaga..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Elimina ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Informazioni su %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Preferenze..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Opzioni..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Rimuovi..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Aiuto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Documentazione sul web"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Mostra chave SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"errore grave: impossibile effettuare lo stat del path %s: file o directory "
+"non trovata"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo attuale:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Modifiche preparate (saranno nella nuova revisione)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Modifiche non preparate"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Prepara modificati"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Propaga (Push)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio di revisione iniziale:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio di revisione corretto:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio iniziale di revisione corretto:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio di fusione corretto:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio di fusione:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Messaggio di revisione:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Copia tutto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "File:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Rinfresca"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Diminuisci dimensione caratteri"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Aumenta dimensione caratteri"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Codifica"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Applica/Inverti sezione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Applica/Inverti riga"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Avvia programma esterno per la risoluzione dei conflitti"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Usa versione remota"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Usa versione locale"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Ritorna alla revisione comune"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Annulla preparazione della sezione per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Annulla preparazione della linea per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Prepara sezione per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Prepara linea per una nuova revisione"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Inizializzazione..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Possibili problemi con le variabili d'ambiente.\n"
+"\n"
+"Le seguenti variabili d'ambiente saranno probabilmente\n"
+"ignorate da tutti i sottoprocessi di Git avviati\n"
+"da %s:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ciò è dovuto a un problema conosciuto\n"
+"causato dall'eseguibile Tcl distribuito da Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Una buona alternativa a %s\n"
+"consiste nell'assegnare valori alle variabili di configurazione\n"
+"user.name e user.email nel tuo file ~/.gitconfig personale.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - un'interfaccia grafica per Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Mostra file"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Revisione:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Copia revisione"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Trova testo..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Ricerca accurata delle copie"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Mostra contesto nella cronologia"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Annota la revisione precedente"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Lettura di %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Caricamento annotazioni per copie/spostamenti..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "linee annotate"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Caricamento annotazioni per posizione originaria..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Annotazione completata."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Occupato"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Il processo di annotazione è già in corso."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Ricerca accurata delle copie in corso..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Caricamento annotazioni..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autore:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Revisione creata da:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "File originario:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Impossibile trovare la revisione HEAD:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Impossibile trovare la revisione precedente:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Impossibile visualizzare la revisione precedente"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Errore nel caricamento delle differenze:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "In origine da:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Nel file:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Copiato o spostato qui da:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Attiva ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Attiva"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Annulla"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revisione"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Opzioni"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Recupera duplicato locale di ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Stacca da ramo locale"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Crea ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Crea nuovo ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Crea"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Nome del ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Appaia nome del duplicato locale di ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Revisione iniziale"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Aggiorna ramo esistente:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "No"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Solo fast forward"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Ripristina"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Attiva dopo la creazione"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Scegliere un duplicato locale di ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr ""
+"Il duplicato locale del ramo remoto %s non è un ramo nell'archivio remoto."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Inserire un nome per il ramo."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' non è utilizzabile come nome di ramo."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Elimina ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Elimina ramo locale"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Rami locali"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Cancella solo se fuso con un altro ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Sempre (Non effettuare verifiche di fusione)."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "I rami seguenti non sono stati fusi completamente in %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile cancellare i rami:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Rinomina ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Rinomina"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nuovo Nome:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Scegliere un ramo da rinominare."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Il ramo '%s' esiste già."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossibile rinominare '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Avvio in corso..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "File browser"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Caricamento %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Directory superiore]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Esplora i file del ramo"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Esplora"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Recupero %s da %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "errore grave: impossibile risolvere %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Chiudi"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Il ramo '%s' non esiste."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossibile configurare git-pull semplificato per '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Il ramo '%s' esiste già.\n"
+"\n"
+"Non può effettuare un 'fast-forward' a %s.\n"
+"E' necessaria una fusione."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "La strategia di fusione '%s' non è supportata."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossibile aggiornare '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr ""
+"L'area di preparazione per una nuova revisione (indice) è già bloccata."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'ultimo stato analizzato non corrisponde allo stato dell'archivio.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un altro programma Git ha modificato questo archivio dall'ultima analisi. "
+"Bisogna effettuare una nuova analisi prima di poter cambiare il ramo "
+"attuale.\n"
+"\n"
+"La nuova analisi comincerà ora.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Aggiornamento della directory di lavoro a '%s' in corso..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "file presenti nella directory di lavoro"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Attivazione di '%s' fallita (richiesta una fusione a livello file)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "E' richiesta una fusione a livello file."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Si rimarrà sul ramo '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Non si è più su un ramo locale\n"
+"\n"
+"Se si vuole rimanere su un ramo, crearne uno ora a partire da 'Questa "
+"revisione attiva staccata'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Attivazione di '%s' completata."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"Ripristinare '%s' a '%s' comporterà la perdita delle seguenti revisioni:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Ricomporre le revisioni perdute potrebbe non essere semplice."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Ripristinare '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualizza"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile preparare il ramo attuale.\n"
+"\n"
+"Questa directory di lavoro è stata convertita solo parzialmente. I file sono "
+"stati aggiornati correttamente, ma l'aggiornamento di un file di Git ha "
+"prodotto degli errori.\n"
+"\n"
+"Questo non sarebbe dovuto succedere.  %s ora terminerà senza altre azioni."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Seleziona"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Famiglia di caratteri"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Dimensione caratteri"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Esempio caratteri"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Questo è un testo d'esempio.\n"
+"Se ti piace questo testo, scegli questo carattere."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Crea nuovo archivio"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Nuovo..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Clona archivio esistente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Clona..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Apri archivio esistente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Apri..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Archivi recenti"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Apri archivio recente:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Impossibile creare l'archivio %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Directory:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Archivio Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "La directory %s esiste già."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Il file %s esiste già."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Clona"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Posizione sorgente:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Directory di destinazione:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Tipo di clone:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (veloce, semi-ridondante, con hardlink)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Copia completa (più lento, backup ridondante)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Shared (il più veloce, non raccomandato, nessun backup)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "%s non è un archivio Git."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard è disponibile solo per archivi locali."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Shared è disponibile solo per archivi locali."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Il file/directory %s esiste già."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Impossibile configurare origin"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Calcolo oggetti"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile copiare oggetti/info/alternate: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Niente da clonare da %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Il ramo 'master' non è stato inizializzato."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Impossibile utilizzare gli hardlink. Si ricorrerà alla copia."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Clonazione da %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Copia degli oggetti"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile copiare oggetto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Collegamento oggetti"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "oggetti"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Hardlink impossibile sull'oggetto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile recuperare rami e oggetti. Controllare i dettagli forniti dalla "
+"console."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile recuperare le etichette. Controllare i dettagli forniti dalla "
+"console."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile determinare HEAD. Controllare i dettagli forniti dalla console."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile ripulire %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Clonazione non riuscita."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Non è stato trovato un ramo predefinito."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Impossibile risolvere %s come una revisione."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Creazione directory di lavoro"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "file"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Attivazione iniziale non riuscita."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Apri"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Archivio:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Impossibile accedere all'archivio %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Questa revisione attiva staccata"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Espressione di revisione:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo locale"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Duplicato locale di ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etichetta"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Revisione non valida: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Nessuna revisione selezionata."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "L'espressione di revisione è vuota."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Aggiornato"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Non c'è niente da correggere.\n"
+"\n"
+"Stai per creare la revisione iniziale. Non esiste una revisione precedente "
+"da correggere.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Non è possibile effettuare una correzione durante una fusione.\n"
+"\n"
+"In questo momento si sta effettuando una fusione che non è stata del tutto "
+"completata. Non puoi correggere la revisione precedente a meno che prima tu "
+"non interrompa l'operazione di fusione in corso.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Errore durante il caricamento dei dati della revisione da correggere:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Impossibile ottenere la tua identità:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT non valida:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'ultimo stato analizzato non corrisponde allo stato dell'archivio.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un altro programma Git ha modificato questo archivio dall'ultima analisi. "
+"Bisogna effettuare una nuova analisi prima di poter creare una nuova "
+"revisione.\n"
+"\n"
+"La nuova analisi comincerà ora.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Non è possibile creare una revisione con file non sottoposti a fusione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Il file %s presenta dei conflitti. Devi risolverli e preparare il file per "
+"creare una nuova revisione prima di effettuare questa azione.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Stato di file %s sconosciuto.\n"
+"\n"
+"Questo programma non può creare una revisione contenente il file %s.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nessuna modifica per la nuova revisione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Devi preparare per una nuova revisione almeno 1 file prima di effettuare "
+"questa operazione.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bisogna fornire un messaggio di revisione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un buon messaggio di revisione ha il seguente formato:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Prima linea: descrivi in una frase ciò che hai fatto.\n"
+"- Seconda linea: vuota.\n"
+"- Terza linea: spiega a cosa serve la tua modifica.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "attenzione: Tcl non supporta la codifica '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Avvio pre-commit hook..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Revisione rifiutata dal pre-commit hook."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Avvio commit-msg hook..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Revisione rifiutata dal commit-msg hook."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Archiviazione modifiche..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree non riuscito:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Impossibile creare una nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "La revisione %s sembra essere danneggiata"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nessuna modifica per la nuova revisione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Questa revisione non modifica alcun file e non effettua alcuna fusione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si procederà subito ad una nuova analisi.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica per la nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree non riuscito:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref non riuscito:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Creata revisione %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Elaborazione in corso... attendere..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Successo"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Errore: comando non riuscito"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Numero di oggetti slegati"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Spazio su disco utilizzato da oggetti slegati"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Numero di oggetti impacchettati"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Numero di pacchetti"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Spazio su disco utilizzato da oggetti impacchettati"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Oggetti impacchettati che attendono la potatura"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "File inutili"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Compressione dell'archivio in corso"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verifica dell'archivio con fsck-objects in corso"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Questo archivio attualmente ha circa %i oggetti slegati.\n"
+"\n"
+"Per mantenere buone prestazioni si raccomanda di comprimere l'archivio "
+"quando sono presenti più di %i oggetti slegati.\n"
+"\n"
+"Comprimere l'archivio ora?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Git ha restituito una data non valida: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Non sono state trovate differenze.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s non ha modifiche.\n"
+"\n"
+"La data di modifica di questo file è stata cambiata da un'altra "
+"applicazione, ma il contenuto del file è rimasto invariato.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si procederà automaticamente ad una nuova analisi per trovare altri file che "
+"potrebbero avere lo stesso stato."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Caricamento delle differenze di %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOCALE: cancellato\n"
+"REMOTO:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"REMOTO: cancellato\n"
+"LOCALE:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOCALE:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "REMOTO:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile visualizzare %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Errore nel caricamento del file:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Archivio Git (sottoprogetto)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* File binario (il contenuto non sarà mostrato)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Il file non tracciato è di %d byte.\n"
+"* Saranno visualizzati solo i primi %d byte.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* %s non visualizza completamente questo file non tracciato.\n"
+"* Per visualizzare il file completo, usare un programma esterno.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Impossibile rimuovere la sezione scelta dalla nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Impossibile preparare la sezione scelta per una nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Impossibile rimuovere la riga scelta dalla nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Impossibile preparare la riga scelta per una nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Predefinito"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Codifica di sistema (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Altro"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "errore"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "attenzione"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr ""
+"Bisogna correggere gli errori suddetti prima di creare una nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Impossibile sbloccare l'accesso all'indice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Errore nell'indice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile aggiornare l'indice. Ora sarà avviata una nuova analisi che "
+"aggiornerà git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Continua"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Sblocca l'accesso all'indice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "%s non farà parte della prossima revisione"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Pronto per creare una nuova revisione."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Aggiunta di %s in corso"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Annullare le modifiche nel file %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Annullare le modifiche in questi %i file?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Tutte le modifiche non preparate per una nuova revisione saranno perse per "
+"sempre."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Non fare niente"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Annullo le modifiche nei file selezionati"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Annullo le modifiche in %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Non posso effettuare fusioni durante una correzione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bisogna finire di correggere questa revisione prima di iniziare una "
+"qualunque fusione.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'ultimo stato analizzato non corrisponde allo stato dell'archivio.\n"
+"\n"
+"Un altro programma Git ha modificato questo archivio dall'ultima analisi."
+"Bisogna effettuare una nuova analisi prima di poter effettuare una fusione.\n"
+"\n"
+"La nuova analisi comincerà ora.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sei nel mezzo di una fusione con conflitti.\n"
+"\n"
+"Il file %s ha dei conflitti.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bisogna risolvere i conflitti, preparare il file per una nuova revisione ed "
+"infine crearla per completare la fusione attuale. Solo a questo punto potrai "
+"iniziare un'altra fusione.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sei nel mezzo di una modifica.\n"
+"\n"
+"Il file %s è stato modificato.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bisogna completare la creazione della revisione attuale prima di iniziare "
+"una fusione. In questo modo sarà più facile interrompere una fusione non "
+"riuscita, nel caso ce ne fosse bisogno.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s di %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Fusione di %s e %s in corso..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Fusione completata con successo."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Fusione non riuscita. Bisogna risolvere i conflitti."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Fusione in %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisione da fondere"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Interruzione impossibile durante una correzione.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bisogna finire di correggere questa revisione.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Interrompere fusione?\n"
+"\n"
+"L'interruzione della fusione attuale causerà la perdita di *TUTTE* le "
+"modifiche non ancora presenti nell'archivio.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continuare con l'interruzione della fusione attuale?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ripristinare la revisione attuale e annullare le modifiche?\n"
+"\n"
+"L'annullamento delle modifiche causerà la perdita di *TUTTE* le modifiche "
+"non ancora presenti nell'archivio.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continuare con l'annullamento delle modifiche attuali?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Interruzione"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "ripristino file"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Interruzione non riuscita."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Interruzione completata. Pronto."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Imporre la risoluzione alla revisione comune?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Imporre la risoluzione al ramo attuale?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Imporre la risoluzione all'altro ramo?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Si stanno mostrando solo le modifiche con conflitti.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s sarà sovrascritto.\n"
+"\n"
+"Questa operazione può essere modificata solo ricominciando la fusione."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"Il file %s sembra contenere conflitti non risolti, preparare per la prossima "
+"revisione?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr ""
+"La risoluzione dei conflitti per %s è preparata per la prossima revisione"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Non è possibile risolvere i conflitti per cancellazioni o link con un "
+"programma esterno"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Non esiste un file con conflitti."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' non è una GUI per la risoluzione dei conflitti."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Il programma '%s' non è supportato"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "La risoluzione dei conflitti è già avviata, terminarla?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Errore: revisione non trovata:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile avviare la risoluzione dei conflitti:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Avvio del programma per la risoluzione dei conflitti in corso..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Risoluzione dei conflitti non riuscita."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"La codifica dei caratteri '%s' specificata per tutti gli archivi non è valida"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"La codifica dei caratteri '%s' specificata per l'archivio attuale  non è "
+"valida"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Ripristina valori predefiniti"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Salva"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Archivio di %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Tutti gli archivi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Nome utente"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Indirizzo Email"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Riepilogo nelle revisioni di fusione"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Prolissità della fusione"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Mostra statistiche delle differenze dopo la fusione"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Programma da utilizzare per la risoluzione dei conflitti"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Fidati delle date di modifica dei file"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr ""
+"Effettua potatura dei duplicati locali di rami remoti durante il recupero"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Appaia duplicati locali di rami remoti"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Ricerca copie solo nei file modificati"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Numero minimo di lettere che attivano la ricerca delle copie"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Giorni di contesto nella cronologia delle annotazioni"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Numero di linee di contesto nelle differenze"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Larghezza del messaggio di revisione"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Modello per il nome di un nuovo ramo"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Codifica predefinita per il contenuto dei file"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Cambia"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Lingua dizionario:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Cambia caratteri"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Scegli %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferenze"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Impossibile salvare completamente le opzioni:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Rimuovi archivio remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Effettua potatura da"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Recupera da"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Propaga verso"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Aggiungi archivio remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Aggiungi nuovo archivio remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Aggiungi"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Dettagli sull'archivio remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Posizione:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Altra azione"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Recupera subito"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Inizializza l'archivio remoto e propaga"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Non fare altro"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Inserire un nome per l'archivio remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' non è utilizzabile come nome di archivio remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossibile aggiungere l'archivio remoto '%s' posto in '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "recupera da %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Recupero %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossibile inizializzare l'archivio posto in '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "propaga verso %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Imposto %s (in %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Elimina ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Da archivio"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Remoto:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Posizione specifica:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Rami"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Elimina solo se"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Fuso in:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Sempre (non verificare le fusioni)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Si richiede un ramo per 'Fuso in'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"I rami seguenti non sono stati fusi completamente in %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile verificare una o più fusioni: mancano le revisioni necessarie. "
+"Prova prima a recuperarle da %s."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Scegliere uno o più rami da cancellare."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ricomporre rami cancellati è difficile.\n"
+"\n"
+"Cancellare i rami selezionati?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Cancellazione rami da %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Nessun archivio selezionato."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Analisi in corso %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Trova:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Succ"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Prec"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Distingui maiuscole"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Impossibile scrivere shortcut:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Impossibile scrivere icona:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Correttore ortografico non supportato"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Correzione ortografica indisponibile"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "La configurazione del correttore ortografico non è valida"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Il dizionario è stato reimpostato su %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Il correttore ortografico ha riportato un errore all'avvio"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Correttore ortografico non riconosciuto"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Nessun suggerimento"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Il correttore ortografico ha mandato un EOF inaspettato"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Errore nel correttore ortografico"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Chiavi non trovate."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Chiave pubblica trovata in: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Crea chiave"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Copia negli appunti"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "La tua chiave pubblica OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Creazione chiave in corso..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile avviare ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Errore durante la creazione della chiave."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "La chiave è stata creata con successo, ma non è stata trovata."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "La chiave è in: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%1$s ... %6$s: %2$*i di %4$*i (%7$3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Bisogna selezionare un file prima di eseguire %s."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Vuoi davvero eseguire %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Strumento: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Eseguo: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Il programma esterno è terminato con successo: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Il programma esterno ha riportato un errore: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Aggiungi strumento"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Aggiungi un nuovo comando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Aggiungi per tutti gli archivi"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Dettagli sullo strumento"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Utilizza il separatore '/' per creare un albero di sottomenu:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Mostra una finestra di dialogo prima dell'avvio"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Chiedi all'utente di scegliere una revisione (imposta $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Chiedi all'utente di fornire argomenti aggiuntivi (imposta $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Non mostrare la finestra di comando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Avvia solo se è selezionata una differenza ($FILENAME non è vuoto)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Bisogna dare un nome allo strumento."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Lo strumento '%s' esiste già."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile aggiungere lo strumento:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Rimuovi strumento"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Rimuovi i comandi dello strumento"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Rimuovi"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Il colore blu indica strumenti per l'archivio locale)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Avvia il comando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argomenti"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Recupero nuove modifiche da %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "potatura remota di %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Effettua potatura dei duplicati locali di rami remoti cancellati da %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Propagazione modifiche a %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Mirroring verso %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Propagazione %s %s a %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Propaga rami"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Rami di origine"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Archivio di destinazione"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Opzioni di trasferimento"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Sovrascrivi ramo esistente (alcune modifiche potrebbero essere perse)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Utilizza 'thin pack' (per connessioni lente)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Includi etichette"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ja.po b/git-gui/po/ja.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63c4695103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/ja.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2530 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Japanese
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# �ら�� ��� <nanako3@bluebottle.com>, 2007.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-09 06:27+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: �ら�� ��� <nanako3@lavabit.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Japanese\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: 致命的�エラー"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "%s �無効�フォント�指定�れ����:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "主フォント"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "diff/コンソール・フォント"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "PATH 中� git �見��り��ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Git �ージョン���解����ん:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Git ��ージョン�確�����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s ��ージョン '%s' ������。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s �最低�も 1.5.0 ��れ以�� Git �必���\n"
+"\n"
+"'%s' ��ージョン 1.5.0 ����良����？\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git ディレクトリ�見��り��ん:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "作業ディレクトリ�最上��移動����ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "変� .git ディレクトリ�使���ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "作業ディレクトリ��り��ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "ファイル状態を更新�����…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "変更�れ�ファイルをスキャン�����…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "prepare-commit-msg フックを実行中・・・"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "prepare-commit-msg フック�コミットを拒�����"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "準備完了"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "変更無�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "変更�り�コミット未予定"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "コミット予定済"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "部分的�コミット予定済"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "コミット予定済�ファイル無�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "ファイル型変更�コミット未予定"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "ファイル型変更�コミット予定済"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "管�外�コミット未予定"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "ファイル無�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "削除予定済"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "削除予定済�ファイル未削除"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "�マージ解決"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "gitk を起動中…�待�下��…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "PATH 中� gitk �見��り��ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "編集"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "コミット"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "マージ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "リモート"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "ツール"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "ワーキングコピーをブラウズ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "�在�ブラン��ファイルを見る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "ブラン��ファイルを見る…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "�在�ブラン��履歴を見る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "全��ブラン��履歴を見る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "ブラン� %s �ファイルを見る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "ブラン� %s �履歴を見る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "データベース統計"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "データベース圧縮"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "データベース検証"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "デスクトップ・アイコンを作る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "終了"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "元�戻�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "やり直�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "切り�り"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "コピー"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "貼り付�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "削除"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "全��択"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "作�…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "�ェックアウト"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "��変更…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "削除…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "リセット…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "完了"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "コミット"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "新�コミット"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "最新コミットを訂正"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "�スキャン"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "コミット予定�る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "変更�れ�ファイルをコミット予定"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "コミット�ら���"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "変更を元�戻�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "文脈を少��"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "文脈を多�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "署�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "ローカル・マージ…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "マージ中止…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "追加"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "プッシュ…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "ブラン�削除..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "%s ����"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "設定…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "オプション…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "削除..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "ヘルプ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "オンライン・ドキュメント"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "SSH キーを表示"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"致命的: パス %s � stat ����ん。��よ��ファイルやディレクトリ��り�"
+"�ん"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2740
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "�在�ブラン�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2761
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "ステージング�れ�（コミット予定済�）変更"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2781
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "コミット予定�入�����変更"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2831
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "変更をコミット予定�入れる"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "プッシュ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "最��コミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2886
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "訂正��コミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2887
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "訂正��最��コミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2888
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "訂正��マージコミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2889
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "マージコミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2890
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "コミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "全�コピー"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "ファイル:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3078
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "�読�込�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3099
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "フォントを���"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3103
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "フォントを大��"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "エンコーディング"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3122
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "パッ�を�用/�り消�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3127
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "パッ�行を�用/�り消�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3137
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "マージツールを起動"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3142
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "リモート�方を採用"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "ローカル�方を採用"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3150
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "ベース版を採用"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3169
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "パッ�をコミット予定�ら外�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3170
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "コミット予定�ら行を外�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3172
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "パッ�をコミット予定�加�る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3173
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "パッ�行をコミット予定�加�る"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3196
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "�期化�����…"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"環境��題��る�能性��り��\n"
+"\n"
+"以下�環境変数� %s �起動�る Git サブプロセス�よ��無視�れる��ょ�:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"�れ� Cygwin ��布�れ��る Tcl �イナリ�\n"
+"関���既知��題�より��"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"個人的� ~/.gitconfig ファイル内� user.name � user.email �値を設定\n"
+"�る���%s �良�代用��り��\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "Git �グラフィカルUI git-gui"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "ファイルピューワ"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "コミット:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "コミットをコピー"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "テキストを検索"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "コピー検知"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "文脈を見�る"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "親コミットを註釈"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "%s を読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "コピー・移動追跡データを読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "行を注釈����"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "元�置行�注釈データを読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "注釈完了����"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "実行中"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "��� blame プロセスを実行中��。"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "コピー検知を実行中…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "注釈を読�込ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "作者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "コミット者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "元ファイル"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "HEAD コミット�見��り��ん"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "親コミット�見��り��ん:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "親を表示����ん"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "diff を読む際�エラー��:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "原作者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "ファイル:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "複写・移動者:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を�ェックアウト"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "�ェックアウト"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "中止"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "リビジョン"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "オプション"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�をフェッ�"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン��ら削除"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を作�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を新�作�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "作�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "ブラン��"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "��:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン��を���る"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "�期リビジョン"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "既存�ブラン�を更新:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "���"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "早�り��"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "リセット"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "作������ェックアウト"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�を�択��下��。"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン� %s ��隔リ�ジトリ�ブラン����り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "ブラン��を指定��下��。"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' �ブラン���使���ん。"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�削除"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�を削除"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "マージ済��時��削除"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "無�件(マージテスト���)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"以下�ブラン�を削除����ん:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン����変更"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "��変更"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "ブラン�:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "新����:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "��を変更�るブラン�を�ん�下��。"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "'%s'���ブラン��既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s'���変更�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "起動中…"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "ファイル・ブラウザ"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "%s をロード中…"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[上�フォルダ�]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "�在�ブラン��ファイルを見る"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "ブラウズ"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら %s をフェッ������"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "致命的エラー: %s を解決����ん"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "閉�る"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "ブラン�'%s'�存在���ん。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' �簡易 git-pull を設定����ん���"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"ブラン� '%s' �既�存在���。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s �早�り����ん。\n"
+"マージ�必���。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "'%s' マージ戦略�サ�ート�れ����ん。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' �更新�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "インデックス�既�ロック�れ����。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。�在"
+"�ブラン�を変更�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "作業ディレクトリを '%s' �更新�����…"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "�ェックアウト�れ�ファイル"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "'%s' ��ェックアウトを中止����（ファイル毎�マージ�必���）。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "ファイル毎�マージ�必���。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "ブラン� '%s' �滞�り��。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"ローカル・ブラン��ら離れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ブラン�上�滞�り��������「分離�れ��ェックアウト��ら新�ブラン"
+"�を開始������。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' を�ェックアウト����"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "'%s' を '%s' �リセット�る��以下�コミット�失��れ��:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "失��れ�コミットを回復�る��簡����り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "'%s' をリセット����？"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "�視化"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"�在�ブラン�を設定����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"作業ディレクトリ�部分的���切り替������ん。ファイル�更新���功�"
+"����� Git �内部データを更新����ん���。\n"
+"起�る�����エラー��。��ら�� %s を終了���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "�択"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "フォント・ファミリー"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "フォント�大��"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "フォント・サンプル"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"�れ�サンプル文��。\n"
+"��フォント�気�入れ��使���れ��。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git GUI"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "新��リ�ジトリを作る"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "新�…"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "既存リ�ジトリを複製�る"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "複製…"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "既存リ�ジトリを開�"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "開�…"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "最近使��リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "最近使��リ�ジトリを開�"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ %s を作製����ん:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "ディレクトリ:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "GIT リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "ディレクトリ '%s' �既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "ファイル '%s' �既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "複製"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "ソース��置"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "先ディレクトリ:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "複製方�:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "標準(高速・中冗長度・�ードリンク)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "全複写(低速・冗長�ックアップ)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "共有(最高速・�推奨・�ックアップ無�)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Git リ�ジトリ���り��ん: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "標準方���一計算機上�リ�ジトリ���使���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "共有方���一計算機上�リ�ジトリ���使���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "'%s' �既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "origin を設定����ん���"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "オブジェクトを数�����"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "�ケツ"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "objects/info/alternates を複写����ん: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "%s �ら複製�る内容��り��ん"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "'master' ブラン���期化�れ����ん"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "�ードリンク�作れ�����コピー���"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら複製�����"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "オブジェクトを複写�����"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "オブジェクトを複写����ん: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "オブジェクトを連������"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "オブジェクト"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "オブジェクトを�ードリンク����ん: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "ブラン�やオブジェクトを�得����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "タグを�得����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "HEAD を確定����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "%s を掃除����ん"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "複写�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "デフォールト・ブラン���得�れ��ん���"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "%s をコミット���解釈����ん"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "作業ディレクトリを作������"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "ファイル"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "�期�ェックアウト�失敗����"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "開�"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ %s を開���ん:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "分離�れ��ェックアウト"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "リビジョン�:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "無効�リビジョン: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "リビジョン�未�択��。"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "リビジョン��空��。"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "更新����"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"訂正�るコミット��も�も�り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"�れ�ら作る��最��コミット��。�������訂正�るよ��コミット��"
+"り��ん。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"マージ中�コミット�訂正�����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"�在���マージ�途中��。先���マージを中止�������コミット�訂正"
+"�����ん\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "訂正�るコミット�データを読���ん:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "ユーザ�正体を確�����ん:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT �無効��:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。新�"
+"�コミット�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"マージ�����ファイル�コミット����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s ��マージ���残�����。��解決��コミット予定�加�る必"
+"���り��。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�明�ファイル状態 %s ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s �本プログラム��コミット����ん。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"最低一��変更をコミット予定�加���らコミット��下��。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット・メッセージを入力��下��。\n"
+"\n"
+"正��コミット・メッセージ�:\n"
+"\n"
+"- 第１行: 何を����を１行��約。\n"
+"- 第２行: 空白\n"
+"- 残り�行: �����変更�良�変更���説明。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "警告: Tcl �エンコーディング '%s' をサ�ート�����ん"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "コミット�フックを実行中・・・"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "コミット�フック�コミットを拒�����"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フックを実行中・・・"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フック�コミットを拒�����"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "変更点をコミット中・・・"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree �失敗����:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "コミット�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "コミット %s �壊れ����"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"マージ�������一�も変更点��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "コミット�る変更��り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree �失敗����:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref �失敗����:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "コミット %s を作�����: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "実行中…�待�下��…"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "�功"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "エラー: コマンド�失敗����"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "�ら�ら�オブジェクト�数"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "�ら�ら�オブジェクト�使用�るディスク�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "パック�れ�オブジェクト�数"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "パック�数"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "パック�れ�オブジェクト�使用�るディスク�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "パック�存在�る�����良�オブジェクト�数"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "ゴミファイル"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "データベース圧縮"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "fsck-objects �オブジェクト・データベースを検証�����"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"��リ�ジトリ����よ� %i 個�個別オブジェクト��り��\n"
+"\n"
+"最��性能を������%i 個以上�個別オブジェクトを作る毎�データベースを圧"
+"縮�る��を推奨���\n"
+"\n"
+"データベースを圧縮����？"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Git �ら出�無効�日付: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"変更��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s ��変更��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"��ファイル�変更時刻�他�アプリケーション�よ��更新�れ�����ファイ"
+"ル内容��変更��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"�様�状態�ファイルを探�����自動的��スキャンを開始���。"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "%s �変更点をロード中…"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOCAL: 削除\n"
+"Remote:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"REMOTE: 削除\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOCAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "REMOTE\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "%s を表示����ん"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "ファイルを読む際�エラー��:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git リ�ジトリ(サブプロジェクト)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* �イナリファイル(内容�表示���ん)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* 管�外�ファイル�大��� %d �イト��。\n"
+"* 最�� %d �イト��表示�����。\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"* %s �管�外�ファイルを���切り������。\n"
+"* 全体を見る��外部エディタを使������。\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�をコミット予定�ら外���ん。"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�をコミット予定�加�られ��ん。"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�行をコミット予定�ら外���ん。"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�行をコミット予定�加�られ��ん。"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "デフォールト"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "システム (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "��他"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "エラー"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "警告"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "コミット�る���以上�エラーを修正��下��"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "インデックスをロック����ん"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "索引エラー"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"GIT インデックス�更新�失敗����。git-gui ��期を�る����スキャン�"
+"��。"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "続行"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "インデックス�ロック解除"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "コミット�ら '%s' を���"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "コミット準備完了"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "コミット� %s を加�����"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "ファイル %s ���変更を元�戻����？"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "�れら %i 個�ファイル���変更を元�戻����？"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr "変更を元�戻��コミット予定�����変更�全�失�れ��。"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "何も���"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "�択�れ�ファイル���変更を元�戻���"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "%s ���変更を元�戻���"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"訂正中��マージ����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"訂正処�を完了�る���新��マージを開始����ん。\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。マー"
+"ジを開始�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"������マージ�途中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s ��マージ中����残�����。\n"
+"\n"
+"��ファイル���を解決��コミット予定�加���コミット�る���マージを"
+"完了���。��や��始���新��マージを開始��るよ���り��。\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"変更�途中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s �変更中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"�在�コミットを完了���らマージを開始��下��。���る方�マージ�失敗"
+"�����回復�楽��。\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s � %s ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "%s � %s をマージ中・・・"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "マージ�完了����"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "マージ�失敗����。���解決�必���。"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "%s �マージ"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "マージ�るリビジョン"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"訂正中��中止����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"��今�コミット訂正を完了���下��。\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"マージを中断����？\n"
+"\n"
+"�在�マージを中断�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"マージを中断��よ������？"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"変更点をリセット����？\n"
+"\n"
+"変更点をリセット�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"リセット��よ������？"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "中断�����"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "リセット��ファイル"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "中断�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "中断完了。"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "共通�版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "自分���版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "相手制�版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"競��る変更点���表示�れ��る���注�������。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s �上書��れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"やり直���マージ全体をやり直������。"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "ファイル %s ��解決�����競�部分����るよ����������?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "%s ��解決をステージ���"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "ツール��削除やリンク競��扱���ん"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "競�ファイル�存在���ん。"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "GUI マージツール���り��ん: %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "マージツール '%s' �サ�ート�����ん"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "マージツール����起動�����。終了����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"版��り出�時�エラー�出���:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"マージツール�起動����ん:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "マージツールを実行�����..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "マージツール�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "全体エンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリエンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "既定値�戻�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "�存"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "大域（全��リ�ジトリ）"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "ユーザ�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "電�メールアドレス"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "マージコミット��約"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "マージ�冗長度"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "マージ後� diffstat を表示"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "マージツールを使用"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "ファイル変更時刻を信頼�る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "フェッ�中�トラッキングブラン�を刈る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "トラッキングブラン�を���る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "変更�れ�ファイル��コピー検知を行��"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "コピーを検知�る最少文字数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "註釈�る履歴�径（日数）"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "diff �文脈行数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "コミットメッセージ�テキスト幅"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "新��ブラン���テンプレート"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "ファイル内容�デフォールトエンコーディング"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "変更"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "スペル�ェック辞書"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "フォントを変更"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "%s を�択"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "�イント"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "設定"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "完全�オプションを�存����ん:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "リモートを削除"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "�ら刈込む…"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "�得元"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "プッシュ先"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "リモートを追加"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "リモートを新��追加"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "追加"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "リモート�詳細"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "場所:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "��他�動作"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "�座��得"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "リモートレ�ジトリを�期化��プッシュ"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "何も���"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "リモート�を指定��下��。"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' �リモート��使���ん。"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "場所 '%2$s' �リモート '%1$s'���変更�失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "%s を�得"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "%s �らフェッ������"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ '%s' を�期化����ん。"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "%s をプッシュ"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "%2$s ��る %1$s をセットアップ���"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "�隔�ブラン�削除"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "元�リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "リモート:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "任���置:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "�件付�削除"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "マージ先:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "無�件（マージ検査を���）"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "'マージ先' ��ブラン��必���。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"必��コミット��足���る����マージ検査�失敗����。�� %s �ら"
+"フェッ���下��。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "削除�るブラン�を�択��下��。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"削除��ブラン�を回復�る��困難��。\n"
+"\n"
+"�択��ブラン�を削除��良����？"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "%s �らブラン�を削除�����。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ��択�れ����ん。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "%s をスキャン�����…"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "検索:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "次"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "�"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "大文字�文字を区別"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "ショートカット�書���ん:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "アイコン�書���ん:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "サ�ート�れ����スペル�ェッカー��"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "スペル�ェック機能�使���ん"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "スペル�ェック�設定��正��"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "辞書を %s �巻�戻���"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "スペル�ェッカー�起動�失敗����"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "スペル�ェッカー�判別����ん"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "�案��"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "スペル�ェッカー�予想外� EOF を返����"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "スペル�ェック失敗"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "キー��り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "公開���り���: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "�を生�"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "クリップボード�コピー"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "���� OpenSSH 公開�"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "生�中..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"ssh-keygen を起動����ん:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "生��失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "生����功��������見��り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "������ %s ��り��"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%1$s ... %4$*i %6$s 中� %2$*i (%7$3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "ファイルを�択���ら %s を起動������。"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "本当� %s を起動����?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "ツール: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "実行中: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "ツール�完了����: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "ツール�失敗����: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "ツール�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "新�ツールコマンド�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "全体�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "ツール�詳細"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "'/' �サブメニューを区切り��:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "コマンド:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "起動�る��ダイアログを表示"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "ユーザ�コミットを一����る ($REVISION �セット���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "ユーザ�他�引数を追加��る ($ARGS �セット���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "コマンド�ら�出力ウィンドウを見���"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "パッ����れ��る����動��($FILENAME �空���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "ツール�を指定��下��。"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "ツール '%s' �既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"ツールを追加����ん:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "ツール�削除"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "ツールコマンド�削除"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "削除"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(�色�ローカルレ�ジトリ�ツール��)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "コマンドを起動: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "引数"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら新��変更をフェッ������"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "�隔刈込 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら削除�れ�トラッキング・ブラン�を刈�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "%s �変更をプッシュ�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "%s �ミラー�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "%3$s � %1$s %2$s をプッシュ�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "ブラン�をプッシュ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "元�ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "�り先リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "通信オプション"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "既存ブラン�を上書�(変更を破棄�る�能性��り��)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Thin Pack を使�（���ットワーク接続）"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "タグを��る"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/nb.po b/git-gui/po/nb.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6de93c28c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/nb.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2474 @@
+# Norwegian (Bokmål) translation of git-gui.
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
+# Fredrik Skolmli <fredrik@frsk.net>, 2008.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: nb\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-03 16:05+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Fredrik Skolmli <fredrik@frsk.net>\n"
+"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: Kritisk feil"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Ugyldig font spesifisert i %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Hovedskrifttype"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Diff-/Konsollskrifttype"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne git i PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke tyde Git's oppgitte versjon:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke avgjøre hvilken Git-versjon du har.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s sier versjonen er '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s krever Git versjon 1.5.0 eller nyere.\n"
+"\n"
+"Anta at '%s' er versjon 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git-katalog ikke funnet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke gå til toppen av arbeidskatalogen:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Ingen arbeidskatalog"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Oppdaterer filstatus..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Søker etter endrede filer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Klar."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Uendret"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Endret, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Køet for innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Delvis køet for innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Klar for innsjekking, fraværende"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Filtype endret, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Filtype endret, køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Usporet, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Fraværende"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Køet for fjerning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Køet for fjerning, fortsatt tilstede"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Sammenslåingen krever konflikthåndtering"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Starter gitk... Vennligst vent..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke finne gitk i PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Arkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Redigere"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Gren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Sammenslåing"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Fjernarkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Verktøy"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Utforsk arbeidskopien"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Utforsk denne grens filer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Bla igjennom filer på gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualiser denne grens historikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualiser alle greners historikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Bla i filene til %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualiser historien til %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Databasestatistikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Kompress databasen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verifiser databasen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Lag skrivebordsikon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Avslutt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Angre"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Gjør om"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Klipp ut"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Kopier"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Lim inn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Slett"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Velg alle"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Opprett..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Sjekk ut..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Endre navn..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Slett..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Tilbakestill..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Ferdig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Sjekk inn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Ny innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til forrige innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Søk på ny"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til endrede filer i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill endringer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Vis mindre innhold"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Vis mer innhold"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Signér"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Lokal sammenslåing..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Avbryt sammenslåing..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Legg til..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Send..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Fjern gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Om %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Innstillinger..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Alternativer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Fjern..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hjelp"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Online dokumentasjon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Vis SSH-nøkkel"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"kritisk: kunne ikke finne status for sti %s: Ingen slik fil eller katalog"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2740
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Nåværende gren:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2761
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Køede endringer (til innsjekking)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2781
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Ukøede endringer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2831
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Kø endret"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Send"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Innledende innsjekkingsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2886
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innsjekkingsmelding"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2887
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innledende innsjekkingsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2888
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innsjekkingsmelding for sammenslåing:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2889
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsmelding for sammenslåing:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2890
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Kopier alle"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Fil:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3078
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Oppdater"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3099
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Gjør teksten mindre"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3103
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Gjør teksten større"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Tekstkoding"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3122
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Bruk/tilbakestill del"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3127
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Bruk/tilbakestill linje"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3137
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Start sammenslåingsprosess"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3142
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Bruk versjon fra fjernarkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Bruk lokal versjon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3150
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill til baseversjonen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3169
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern delen fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3170
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern linjen fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3172
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Legg del i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3173
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til linje i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3196
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Initsialiserer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - Et grafisk brukergrensesnitt for Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Filviser"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Innsjekking:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Kopier innsjekking"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Søk etter tekst..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Gjennomfør full deteksjon av kopieringer"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Vis historikkens innhold"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Leser %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Opptatt"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Kjører kopidetektering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Forfatter:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Innsjekker:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Opprinnelig fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Finner ikke HEAD's innsjekking:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne innsjekkingens forelder:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Kan ikke vise forelder"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Feil ved innlasting av forskjell:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Opprinnelig av:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "I fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Kopiert eller flyttet hit av:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Sjekk ut gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Utsjekking"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Avbryt"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revisjon"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Valg"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Hent sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Koble bort lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Opprett gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Opprett ny gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Opprett"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Navn på gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Navn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Bruk navn på sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Starter revisjon"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Oppdater eksisterende gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nei"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Kun hurtigfremspoling"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Sjekk ut etter oppretting"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Velg en gren som skal følges."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Den fulgte grenen %s er ikke en gren i fjernarkivet."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Angi et navn for grenen."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' kan ikke brukes som navn på en gren."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Fjern gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Fjern lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Lokale grener"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Fjern kun ved sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Alltid (Ikke utfør sammenslåingstest.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Følgende grener er ikke fullstendig slått sammen med %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke fjerne grener:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Gi gren nytt navn"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Endre navn"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nytt navn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Vennligst velg grenen du vil endre navn på."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Grenen '%s' eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke endre navnet '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Starter..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Utforsker"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Laster %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Opp til forelder]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Bla igjennom grenens filer"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Bla igjennom"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Henter %s fra %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "kritisk: Kan ikke åpne %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Lukk"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Grenen '%s' eksisterer ikke."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke konfigurere forenklet git-pull for '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen '%s' eksisterer allerede.\n"
+"\n"
+"Den kan ikke hurtigfremspoles til %s.\n"
+"En sammenslåing er påkrevd."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Sammenslåingsstrategien '%s' er ikke støttet."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke oppdatere '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Køområdet (index) er allerede låst."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Oppdaterer arbeidskatalogen til '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "filer sjekket ut"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Avbrøt utsjekkingen av '%s' (sammenslåing på filnivå kreves)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Sammenslåing på filnivå kreves"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Blir stående på grenen '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Sjekket ut '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"Tilbakestilling av '%s' til '%s' vil medføre tap av følgende innsjekkinger:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr ""
+"Det vil kanskje ikke være så enkelt å gjenopprette en tapt innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualiser"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Velg"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Skrifttype-familie"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Skriftstørrelse"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Skrifteksempel"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Dette er en eksempeltekst.\n"
+"Hvis du liker hvordan teksten ser ut, kan du velge dette som din skrifttype."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Opprett nytt arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Ny..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Klon eksistererende arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Klon..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Ã…pne eksistererende arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Ã…pne..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Nylig brukte arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Ã…pne nylig brukt arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke opprette arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Mappe:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Git arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Mappen %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Filen %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Klon"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Kildeplassering:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Destinasjonsmappe:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Klontype:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (rask, delvis redundant, hardlinker)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Full kopi (tregere, redundant sikkerhetskopi)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Delt (raskest, ikke anbefalt, ingen sikkerhetskopiering)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Ikke et Git-arkiv: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard er kun tilgjengelig for lokalt arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Delt er kun tilgjengelig for lokalt arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Stedet %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke konfigurere kildeoppføring"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Teller objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "bøtter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke kopiere objekter/informasjon/alternativt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Ingenting å klone fra %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Grenen 'master' har ikke blitt initsialisert."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Harde linker er utilgjengelig. GÃ¥r tilbake til kopiering."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Kloner fra %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Kopierer objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "kB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke kopiere objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Lenker objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke opprette hardlink med objektet: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke hente grener og objekter. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke hente tagger. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kan ikke bestemme HEAD. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke rydde opp %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Kloning feilet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Ingen standardgren hentet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne %s som en innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Oppretter arbeidskatalog"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "filer"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Initsialiserende utsjekking feilet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Ã…pne"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke åpne arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Denne frakoblede utsjekkingen"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsuttrykk:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tag"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Ugyldig revisjon: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Ingen revisjoner valgt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Revisjonsuttrykk er tomt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Oppdatert"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det er ingenting å legge til.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du er i ferd med å lage den initsialiserende revisjonen. Det er ingen "
+"tidligere revisjoner å tilføye.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke tilføye under sammenslåing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du er for øyeblikket under en pågående sammenslåing som ikke er fullført. Du "
+"kan ikke tilføye en tidligere revisjon med mindre du først avbryter denne "
+"sammenslåingen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Feil ved innhenting av revisjonsdata for tilføying:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke avgjøre din identitet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Ugyldig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ukjent filstatus %s er funnet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s kan ikke sjekkes inn av dette programmet.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen endringer å sjekke inn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må køe minst en fil før du kan sjekke inn noe.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vennligst angi en revisjonsmelding.\n"
+"\n"
+"En god melding har følgende format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Første linje: En beskrivelse av hva du har gjort i én setning.\n"
+"- Andre linje: Blank\n"
+"- Resterende linjer: Forklar hvorfor denne endringen er bra.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "advarsel: Tcl støtter ikke denne tegnkodingen '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Sjekker inn endringer..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "Skriving til tre feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Innsjekking feilet."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Revisjon %s ser ut til å være korrupt"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen endringer til innsjekking.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ingen filer ble endret av denne revisjonen, og det var ikke en revisjon fra "
+"en sammenslåing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Et nytt søk vil bli startet automatisk.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Ingen endringer til innsekking."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Opprettet innsjekking %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Jobber... Vennligst vent..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Suksess"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Feil: Kommandoen feilet"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Antall løse objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Diskplass brukt av løse objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Antall pakkede objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Antall pakker"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Diskplass brukt av pakkede objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Pakkede objekter som avventer fjerning"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Avfallsfiler"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Komprimerer objektdatabasen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verifiserer objektdatabasen med fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Dette arkivet inneholder omtrent %i 'løse' objekter.\n"
+"\n"
+"For å sikre en optimal ytelse er det sterkt anbefalt at du komprimerer "
+"databasen når det er flere enn %i 'løse' objekter i den.\n"
+"\n"
+"Komprimere databasen nå?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ugyldig dato fra Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen forandringer funnet.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s har ingen endringer.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tidsstempelet for endring på denne filen ble oppdatert av en annen "
+" applikasjon, men innholdet er uendret.\n"
+"\n"
+"En gjennomsøking vil nå starte automatisk for å se om andre filer har "
+"status."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Laster inn forskjellene av %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL: slettet\n"
+"FJERN:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "FJERN: slettet\n"
+"LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "FJERN:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Kan ikke vise %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Feil ved lesing av fil: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git-arkiv (underprosjekt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Binærfil (viser ikke innhold)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Usporet fil er %d bytes.\n"
+"* Viser bare %d første bytes.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Usporede filer klippet her av %s.\n"
+"* For å se hele filen, bruk et eksternt redigeringsverktøy.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke fjerne den valgte delen fra innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til den valgte delen i innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke fjerne den valgte linjen fra innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til den valgte linjen i innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Standard"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Systemets (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Andre"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "feil"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "advarsel"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Du må rette de ovenstående feilene før innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke låse opp indexen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Feil på index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Oppdatering av Git's index mislyktes. Et nytt søk vil bli startet for å "
+"resynkronisere git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Fortsett"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "LÃ¥s opp index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Fjerner %s fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Klar til innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Legger til %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Reverter endringene i filen %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Reverter endringene i disse %i filene?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr "Endringer som ikke ligger i innsjekkingskøen vil bli tapt av denne "
+"reverteringen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Ikke gjør noe"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Reverterer valgte filer"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Reverterer %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke slå sammen under utvidelse.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må først fullføre utvidelsen av denne revisjonen før du kan starte en "
+"sammenslåing.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s av %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Slår sammen %s og %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Vellykket sammenslåing fullført."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Sammenslåing feilet. Håndtering av konflikten kreves."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Slå sammen inn i %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisjon til sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke avbryte under utvidelse av revisjon.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må fullføre utvidelsen av denne revisjonen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Avbryt sammenslåing?\n"
+"\n"
+"Avbryting av pågående sammenslåing vil føre til at *alle* endringer som ikke "
+" er sjekket inn, vil gå tapt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fortsette med å avbryte den pågående sammenslåingen?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Nullstill endringer?\n"
+"\n"
+"Nullstilling av endringer vil føre til at *alle* endringer som ikke er "
+"sjekket inn går tapt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fortsette med nullstilling av endringer?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Avbryter"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "filer tilbakestilt"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Avbryting feilet."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Avbryting fullført. Klar."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering til opprinnelig versjon?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering i denne grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering i den andre grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Merk deg at endringsvisningen kun viser motstridende endringer.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s vil bli overskrevet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Denne operasjonen kan kun bli angret ved å starte sammenslåingen på ny."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "Filen %s ser ut til å ha uløste konflikter, skal filen likevel køes?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Legger til løsninge på konflikt for %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Konfliktfil eksisterer ikke"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke hente versjoner:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Gjennopprett standardverdier"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Lagre"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s arkiv"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globalt (alle arkiv)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Navn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Epost-adresse"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Oppsummer innsjekkinger fra sammenslåinger"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Detaljenivå på sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Vis endringsstatistikk etter sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Bruk sammenslåingsverktøy"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Stol på filers tid for endring"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Antall linjer sammenhengende endringer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Tekstbredde for vindu til innsjekkingsmeldinger"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Mal for navn på nye grener"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Standard tekstenkoding for innhold i filer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Endre"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Stavebokordlister:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Endre skrifttype"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Velg %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Egenskaper"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke lagre alternativ:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Fjern fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Fjern fra"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Hent fra"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Send til"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Legg til fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Legg til nytt fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Legg til"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer for fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Lokasjon:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Videre handling"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Hent umiddelbart"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Initsialiser og send til fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Ikke gjør mer nå"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Vennligst angi et navn for fjernarkivet."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' er ikke et tillatt navn for et fjernarkiv."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til fjernarkivet '%s' på '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "hent %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Henter %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Vet ikke hvordan arkiv på '%s' skal opprettes."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "send %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Initsialiserer %s (på %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Fjern gren fra fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Fra arkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Fjernarkiv:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Vilkårlig lokasjon:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Grener"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Slett kun hvis"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Slått sammen i:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Alltid (Ikke utfør sammenslåingskontroll)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "En gren kreves for 'sammenslåing i'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Følgende grener er ikke fullestendig sammenslått med %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"En eller flere av testene som blir kjørt under sammenslåing feilet fordi du"
+"ikke har hentet inn de nødvendige innsjekkingene. Prøv å hent disse fra %s"
+"først"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Velg en eller flere grener som skal fjernes."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Gjenoppretting av fjernede grener er vanskelig.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fjern den merkede grenen?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Fjerner grenene fra %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Ingen arkiv valgt."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Søker %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Finn:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Neste"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Forrige"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Skiller på store og små bokstaver"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke opprette snarvei:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke opprette ikon:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavekontrolleren er ikke støttet"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Stavekontroll er ikke tilgjengelig"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Ugyldig stavekontroll-konfigurasjon"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Reverterer ordbok til %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Stavekontrollen feilet stille under oppstart"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavekontrolleren er ukjent"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Ingen forslag"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Uventet slutt på filen fra stavekontrollen"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Stavekontroll mislyktes"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Ingen nøkler funnet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Funnet en offentlig nøkkel i: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Generer nøkkel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Kopier til utklippstavlen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Din offentlige OpenSSH-nøkkel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Genererer..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke starte ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Generering feilet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Generering vellykket, men ingen nøkler er funnet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Nøkkelen din ligger i: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i av %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Å kjøre %s krever at en fil er valgt"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Er du sikker på at du vil kjøre %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøy: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Kjører: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøyet ble fullført med suksess: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøy feilet: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Legg til verktøy"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Legg til ny verktøykommando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Legg til globalt"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Verktøydetaljer"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Bruk '/'-separator for å lage undermenyer:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Vis en dialog før start"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Spør brukeren om å velge en revisjon (setter $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Spør brukeren for ytterligere paramtere (setter $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Ikke vis kommandoens utdata i vinduet"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Kjør kun om forskjellene er markert ($FILENAME er ikke tom)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Vennligst angi et navn for dette verktøyet."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Verktøyet '%s' eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke legge til verktøyet:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Fjern verktøyet"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Fjern verktøyskommandoen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Fjern"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Blue angir lokale verktøy til arkivet)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kjør kommando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumenter"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Henter nye endringer fra %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "slett fjernarkiv %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Fjrner sporing av grener slettet fra %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Sender endringer til %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Sender %s %s til %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Send grener"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Kildegrener"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Destinasjonsarkiv"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Overføringsalternativer"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Tving overskrivning av eksisterende gren (kan forkaste endringer)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Bruk tynne pakker (for tregere nettverkstilkoblinger)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Inkluder tagger"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/po2msg.sh b/git-gui/po/po2msg.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e9f992528
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/po2msg.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
+exec tclsh "$0" -- "$@"
+
+# This is a really stupid program, which serves as an alternative to
+# msgfmt.  It _only_ translates to Tcl mode, does _not_ validate the
+# input, and does _not_ output any statistics.
+
+proc u2a {s} {
+	set res ""
+	foreach i [split $s ""] {
+		scan $i %c c
+		if {$c<128} {
+			# escape '[', '\', '$' and ']'
+			if {$c == 0x5b || $c == 0x5d || $c == 0x24} {
+				append res "\\"
+			}
+			append res $i
+		} else {
+			append res \\u[format %04.4x $c]
+		}
+	}
+	return $res
+}
+
+set output_directory "."
+set lang "dummy"
+set files [list]
+set show_statistics 0
+
+# parse options
+for {set i 0} {$i < $argc} {incr i} {
+	set arg [lindex $argv $i]
+	if {$arg == "--statistics"} {
+		incr show_statistics
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "--tcl"} {
+		# we know
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "-l"} {
+		incr i
+		set lang [lindex $argv $i]
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "-d"} {
+		incr i
+		set tmp [lindex $argv $i]
+		regsub "\[^/\]$" $tmp "&/" output_directory
+		continue
+	}
+	lappend files $arg
+}
+
+proc flush_msg {} {
+	global msgid msgstr mode lang out fuzzy
+	global translated_count fuzzy_count not_translated_count
+
+	if {![info exists msgid] || $mode == ""} {
+		return
+	}
+	set mode ""
+	if {$fuzzy == 1} {
+		incr fuzzy_count
+		set fuzzy 0
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$msgid == ""} {
+		set prefix "set ::msgcat::header"
+	} else {
+		if {$msgstr == ""} {
+			incr not_translated_count
+			return
+		}
+		set prefix "::msgcat::mcset $lang \"[u2a $msgid]\""
+		incr translated_count
+	}
+
+	puts $out "$prefix \"[u2a $msgstr]\""
+}
+
+set fuzzy 0
+set translated_count 0
+set fuzzy_count 0
+set not_translated_count 0
+foreach file $files {
+	regsub "^.*/\(\[^/\]*\)\.po$" $file "$output_directory\\1.msg" outfile
+	set in [open $file "r"]
+	fconfigure $in -encoding utf-8
+	set out [open $outfile "w"]
+
+	set mode ""
+	while {[gets $in line] >= 0} {
+		if {[regexp "^#" $line]} {
+			if {[regexp ", fuzzy" $line]} {
+				set fuzzy 1
+			} else {
+				flush_msg
+			}
+			continue
+		} elseif {[regexp "^msgid \"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			flush_msg
+			set msgid $match
+			set mode "msgid"
+		} elseif {[regexp "^msgstr \"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			set msgstr $match
+			set mode "msgstr"
+		} elseif {$line == ""} {
+			flush_msg
+		} elseif {[regexp "^\"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			if {$mode == "msgid"} {
+				append msgid $match
+			} elseif {$mode == "msgstr"} {
+				append msgstr $match
+			} else {
+				puts stderr "I do not know what to do: $match"
+			}
+		} else {
+			puts stderr "Cannot handle $line"
+		}
+	}
+	flush_msg
+	close $in
+	close $out
+}
+
+if {$show_statistics} {
+	set str ""
+
+	append str  "$translated_count translated message"
+	if {$translated_count != 1} {
+		append str s
+	}
+
+	if {$fuzzy_count > 1} {
+		append str  ", $fuzzy_count fuzzy translation"
+		if {$fuzzy_count != 1} {
+			append str s
+		}
+	}
+	if {$not_translated_count > 0} {
+		append str  ", $not_translated_count untranslated message"
+		if {$not_translated_count != 1} {
+			append str s
+		}
+	}
+
+	append str  .
+	puts $str
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ru.po b/git-gui/po/ru.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ffc4a418f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/ru.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2541 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to russian
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# Irina Riesen <irina.riesen@gmail.com>, 2007.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-10-22 22:30-0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian Translation <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: критиче�ка� ошибка"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "В %s у�тановлен неверный шрифт:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Шрифт интерфей�а"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Шрифт кон�оли и изменений (diff)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "git не найден в PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "�евозможно ра�познать �троку вер�ии Git: "
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно определить вер�ию Git\n"
+"\n"
+"%s указывает на вер�ию '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"дл� %s требует�� вер�и� Git, начина� � 1.5.0\n"
+"\n"
+"Прин�ть '%s' как вер�ию 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Каталог Git не найден:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "�евозможно перейти к корню рабочего каталога репозитори�: "
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Каталог .git и�порчен: "
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "От�ут�твует рабочий каталог"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Обновление информации о �о�то�нии файлов..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Пои�к измененных файлов..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Готово."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "�е изменено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Изменено, не подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Ча�ти, подготовленные дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�, от�ут�твует"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, не подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "�е от�леживает��, не подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "От�ут�твует"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�, еще не удалено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Требует�� разрешение конфликта при �ли�нии"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Запу�кает�� gitk... Подождите, пожалуй�та..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "gitk не найден в PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Репозиторий"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Редактировать"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ветвь"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Сли�ние"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Внешние репозитории"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "В�помогательные операции"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Про�мотр рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Про�мотреть файлы текущей ветви"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветви..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветви"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех ветвей"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветви %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию ветви %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Стати�тика базы данных"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Сжать базу данных"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Проверить базу данных"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Создать �рлык на рабочем �толе"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Выход"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Отменить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Повторить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Вырезать"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Копировать"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "В�тавить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Удалить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Выделить в�е"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Создать..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Перейти..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Переименовать..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Удалить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Сбро�ить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Завершено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Сохранить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "�овое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "И�править по�леднее �о�то�ние"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Перечитать"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить измененные файлы дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Убрать из подготовленного"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Меньше контек�та"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Больше контек�та"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "В�тавить Signed-off-by"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Локальное �ли�ние..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Прервать �ли�ние..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Добавить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Отправить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Удалить ветвь..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "О %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "�а�тройки..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "�а�тройки..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Удалить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Помощь"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Документаци� в интернете"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Показать ключ SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: %s: нет такого файла или каталога"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Текуща� ветвь:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Подготовлено (будет �охранено)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Изменено (не будет �охранено)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Подготовить в�е"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Отправить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к первому �о�то�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �о�то�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному первоначальному �о�то�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �ли�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к �ли�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к �о�то�нию:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Копировать в�е"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Файл:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Обновить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Уменьшить размер шрифта"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Увеличить размер шрифта"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Кодировка"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Применить/Убрать изменение"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Применить/Убрать �троку"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Запу�тить программу �ли�ни�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Вз�ть внешнюю вер�ию"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Вз�ть локальную вер�ию"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "�е �охран�ть ча�ть"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Убрать �троку из подготовленного"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить ча�ть дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить �троку дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Инициализаци�..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Возможны ошибки в переменных окружени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Переменные окружени�, которые возможно\n"
+"будут проигнорированы командами Git,\n"
+"запущенными из %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Это изве�тна� проблема � Tcl,\n"
+"ра�про�тран�емым Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Вме�то и�пользовани� %s можно\n"
+"�охранить значени� user.name и\n"
+"user.email в Вашем пер�ональном\n"
+"файле ~/.gitconfig.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - графиче�кий пользователь�кий интерфей� к Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Про�мотр файла"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Сохраненное �о�то�ние:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Скопировать SHA-1"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "�айти тек�т..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Прове�ти полный пои�к копий"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Показать и�ториче�кий контек�т"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Ра��мотреть �о�то�ние предка"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Чтение %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотации копирований/переименований..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "�трок прокомментировано"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотаций первоначального положени� объекта..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "�ннотаци� завершена."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Зан�т"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "�ннотаци� уже запущена"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Выполнение полного пои�ка копий..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотации..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "�втор:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Сохранил:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "И�ходный файл:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "�евозможно найти текущее �о�то�ние:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "�евозможно найти �о�то�ние предка:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "�е могу показать предка"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Ошибка загрузки изменений:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "И�точник:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Файл:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Скопировано/перемещено в:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Перейти на ветвь"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Перейти"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Отмена"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Вер�и�"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "�а�тройки"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Получить изменени� из внешней ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "От�оединить от локальной ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Создание ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Создать новую ветвь"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Создать"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "�азвание ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "�азвание:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Вз�ть из имен ветвей �лежени�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "�ачальна� вер�и�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Обновить имеющую�� ветвь:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "�ет"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Только Fast Forward"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Сбро�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "По�ле �оздани� �делать текущей"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Укажите ветвь �лежени�."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Ветвь �лежени� %s не �вл�ет�� ветвью во внешнем репозитории."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Укажите название ветви."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое название ветви '%s'."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Удаление ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Удалить локальную ветвь"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Локальные ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Удалить только в �лучае, е�ли было �ли�ние �"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на �ли�ние)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Ветви, которые не полно�тью �ливают�� � %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"�е удало�ь удалить ветви:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Переименование ветви"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Переименовать"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Ветвь:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "�овое название:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Укажите ветвь дл� переименовани�."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переименовать '%s'. "
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Запу�к..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Про�мотр �пи�ка файлов"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Загрузка %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[�а уровень выше]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветви"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Показать"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Получение %s из %s "
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: невозможно разрешить %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Закрыть"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' не �уще�твует "
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� упрощённой конфигурации git pull дл� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует.\n"
+"\n"
+"Она не может быть прокручена(fast-forward) к %s.\n"
+"Требует�� �ли�ние."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� �тратеги� �ли�ни�: '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Рабоча� обла�ть заблокирована другим проце��ом."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
+"\n"
+"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
+"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь.\n"
+"\n"
+"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Обновление рабочего каталога из '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "файлы извлечены"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Прерван переход на '%s' (требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов)"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' о�тает�� текущей."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Вы находите�ь не в локальной ветви.\n"
+"\n"
+"Е�ли вы хотите �нова вернуть�� к какой-нибудь ветви, �оздайте ее �ейча�, "
+"начина� � 'Текущего от�оединенного �о�то�ни�'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' �делана текущей."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Сбро� '%s' в '%s' приведет к потере �ледующих �охраненных �о�то�ний: "
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Во��тановить потер�нные �охраненные �о�то�ни� будет �ложно."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Сбро�ить '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "�агл�дно"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"�е удало�ь у�тановить текущую ветвь.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ваш рабочий каталог обновлен только ча�тично. Были обновлены в�е файлы кроме "
+"�лужебных файлов Git. \n"
+"\n"
+"Этого не должно было произойти. %s завершает��."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Выбрать"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Шрифт"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Размер шрифта"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Пример тек�та"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Это пример тек�та.\n"
+"Е�ли Вам нравит�� �тот тек�т, �то может быть Ваш шрифт."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Создать новый репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "�овый..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Склонировать �уще�твующий репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Склонировать..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Выбрать �уще�твующий репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Открыть..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "�едавние репозитории"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Открыть по�ледний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать репозиторий %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Каталог:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Каталог '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Файл '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Склонировать"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "И�ходное положение:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Каталог назначени�:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Тип клона:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Стандартный (Бы�трый, полуизбыточный, \"же�ткие\" ��ылки)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Полна� копи� (Медленный, �оздает резервную копию)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Общий (Самый бы�трый, не рекомендует��, без резервной копии)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Каталог не �вл�ет�� репозиторием: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Стандартный клон возможен только дл� локального репозитори�."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Общий клон возможен только дл� локального репозитори�."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Путь '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "�е могу �конфигурировать и�ходный репозиторий."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Считаю объекты"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "�е могу �копировать objects/info/alternates: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "�ечего клонировать � %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "�е инициализирована ветвь 'master'."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "\"Же�ткие ��ылки\" недо�тупны. Будет и�пользовано копирование."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Клонирование %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Копирование objects"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "КБ"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "�е могу �копировать объект: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Создание ��ылок на objects"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "объекты"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "�е могу \"же�тко �в�зать\" объект: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"�е могу получить ветви и объекты. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "�е могу получить метки. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "�е могу определить HEAD. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "�е могу очи�тить %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Клонирование не удало�ь."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "�е было получено ветви по умолчанию."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "�е могу ра�познать %s как �о�то�ние."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Создаю рабочий каталог"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "файлов"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить начальное �о�то�ние файлов репозитори�."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Открыть"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Репозиторий:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть репозиторий %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Текущее от�оединенное �о�то�ние"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Выражение дл� определени� вер�ии:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Локальна� ветвь:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ветвь �лежени�"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Метка"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "�еверна� вер�и�: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Вер�и� не указана."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Пу�тое выражение дл� определени� вер�ии."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Обновлено"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "С�ылка"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"От�ут�твует �о�то�ние дл� и�правлени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Вы �оздаете первое �о�то�ние в репозитории, зде�ь еще нечего и�правл�ть.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно и�править �о�то�ние во врем� операции �ли�ни�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Текущее �ли�ние не завершено. �евозможно и�править предыдущее "
+"�охраненное �о�то�ние, не прерыва� �ту операцию.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Ошибка при загрузке данных дл� и�правлени� �охраненного �о�то�ни�:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "�евозможно получить информацию об автор�тве:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "�еверный GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
+"\n"
+"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
+"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь. \n"
+"\n"
+"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ельз� �охранить файлы � незавершённой операцей �ли�ни�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте к "
+"подготовленным файлам перед �охранением.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Обнаружено неизве�тное �о�то�ние файла %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Файл %s не может быть �охранен данной программой.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Подготовьте хот� бы один файл до �оздани� �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�апишите комментарий к �охраненному �о�то�нию.\n"
+"\n"
+"Рекомендует�� �ледующий формат комментари�:\n"
+"\n"
+"- перва� �трока: краткое опи�ание �деланных изменений.\n"
+"- втора� �трока пу�та�\n"
+"- о�тавшие�� �троки: опишите, что дают ваши изменени�.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� pre-commit..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� pre-commit"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� commit-msg..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� commit-msg"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Сохранение изменений..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "Программа write-tree завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Сохранить �о�то�ние не удало�ь."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние %s выгл�дит поврежденным"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"�и один файл не был изменен и не было �ли�ни�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Сейча� автоматиче�ки запу�тит�� перечитывание репозитори�.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Оту�твуют измени� дл� �охранени�."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "Программа commit-tree завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "Программа update-ref завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Создано �о�то�ние %s: %s "
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "В проце��е... пожалуй�та, ждите..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Проце�� у�пешно завершен"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Ошибка: не удало�ь выполнить команду"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Количе�тво не�в�занных объектов"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Объем ди�кового про�тран�тва, зан�тый не�в�занными объектами"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Количе�тво упакованных объектов"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Количе�тво pack-файлов"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Объем ди�кового про�тран�тва, зан�тый упакованными объектами"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "�е�в�занные объекты, которые можно удалить"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Му�ор"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Сжатие базы объектов"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Проверка базы объектов при помощи fsck"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Этот репозиторий �ейча� �одержит примерно %i �вободных объектов\n"
+"\n"
+"Дл� лучшей производительно�ти рекомендует�� �жать базу данных, когда е�ть "
+"более %i не�в�занных объектов.\n"
+"\n"
+"Сжать базу данных �ейча�?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильна� дата в репозитории: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Изменений не обнаружено.\n"
+"\n"
+"в %s отут�твуют изменени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Дата изменени� файла была обновлена другой программой, но �одержимое файла "
+"о�тало�ь прежним.\n"
+"\n"
+"Сейча� будет запущено перечитывание репозитори�, чтобы найти подобные файлы."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Загрузка изменений в %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О: удалён\n"
+"В�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"В�ЕШ�ИЙ: удалён\n"
+"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "ЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "В�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "�е могу показать %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Ошибка загрузки файла:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Репозиторий Git (подпроект)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Двоичный файл (�одержимое не показано)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Размер неподготовленого файла %d байт.\n"
+"* Показано первых %d байт.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* �еподготовленый файл обрезан: %s.\n"
+"* Чтобы увидеть ве�ь файл, и�пользуйте программу-редактор.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную ча�ть."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную ча�ть."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную �троку."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную �троку."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "По умолчанию"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Си�темна� (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Друга�"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "ошибка"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "предупреждение"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Прежде чем �охранить, и�правьте вышеуказанные ошибки."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разблокировать индек�"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Ошибка в индек�е"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"�е удало�ь обновить индек� Git. Со�то�ние репозитори� будетперечитано "
+"автоматиче�ки."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Продолжить"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Разблокировать индек�"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Удаление %s из подготовленного"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Добавление %s..."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� в файле %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� в %i файле(-ах)?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Любые изменени�, не подготовленные к �охранению, будут потер�ны при данной "
+"операции."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "�ичего не делать"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Удаление изменений в выбраных файлах"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Отмена изменений в %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно выполнить �ли�ние во врем� и�правлени�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Завершите и�правление данного �о�то�ни� перед выполнением операции "
+"�ли�ни�.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
+"\n"
+"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
+"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь.\n"
+"\n"
+"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Предыдущее �ли�ние не завершено из-за конфликта.\n"
+"\n"
+"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Разрешите конфликт, подготовьте файл и �охраните. Только по�ле �того можно "
+"начать �ледующее �ли�ние.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Изменени� не �охранены.\n"
+"\n"
+"Файл %s изменен.\n"
+"\n"
+"Подготовьте и �охраните измени� перед началом �ли�ни�. В �лучае "
+"необходимо�ти �то позволит прервать операцию �ли�ни�.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s из %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Сли�ние %s и %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Сли�ние у�пешно завершено."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь завершить �ли�ние. Требует�� разрешение конфликта."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Сли�ние � %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Вер�и�, � которой прове�ти �ли�ние"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно прервать и�правление.\n"
+"\n"
+"Завершите текущее и�правление �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
+"\n"
+"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
+"\n"
+"Продолжить?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
+"\n"
+"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
+"\n"
+"Продолжить?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Прерываю"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "изменени� в файлах отменены"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Прервать не удало�ь."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Прервано."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать базовую вер�ию дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию �той ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию другой ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Внимание! Спи�ок изменений показывает только конфликтующие отличи�.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s будет перепи�ан.\n"
+"\n"
+"Это дей�твие можно отменить только перезапу�ком операции �ли�ни�."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"Файл %s кажет�� �одержит необработаные конфликты. "
+"Продолжить подготовку к �охранению?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Добавл�ю результат разрешени� дл� %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Программа �ли�ни� не обрабатывает конфликты � удалением или уча�тием ��ылок"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Конфликтующий файл не �уще�твует"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' не �вл�ет�� программой �ли�ни�"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� программа �ли�ни� '%s'"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Программа �ли�ни� уже работает. Прервать?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка получени� вер�ий:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка запу�ка программы �ли�ни�:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Запу�к программы �ли�ни�..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �ли�ни�."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Ошибка в глобальной у�тановке кодировки '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "�еверна� кодировка репозитори�: '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Во��тановить на�тройки по умолчанию"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Сохранить"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Дл� репозитори� %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Общие (дл� в�ех репозиториев)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Им� пользовател�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "�дре� �лектронной почты"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Суммарный комментарий при �ли�нии"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Уровень детально�ти �ообщений при �ли�нии"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Показать отчет об изменени�х по�ле �ли�ни�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "И�пользовать дл� �ли�ни� программу"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Довер�ть времени модификации файла"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени� при получении изменений"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Им� новой ветви вз�ть из имен ветвей �лежени�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Пои�к копий только в изменённых файлах"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Минимальное количе�тво �имволов дл� пои�ка копий"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Радиу� и�ториче�кого контек�та (в дн�х)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Чи�ло �трок в контек�те diff"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Ширина тек�та комментари�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Шаблон дл� имени новой ветви"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Кодировка �одержани� файла по умолчанию"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Изменить"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Словарь дл� проверки правопи�ани�:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Изменить"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Выберите %s"
+
+# carbon copy
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь полно�тью �охранить на�тройки:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Удалить ��ылку на внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Чи�тка"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Получение из"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Отправить"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Зареги�трировать внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Добавить внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Информаци� о внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Положение:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Следующа� операци�"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Скачать �разу"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Инициализировать внешний репозиторий и отправить"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Больше ничего не делать"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Укажите название внешнего репозитори�."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое название внешнего репозитори� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить '%s' из '%s'. "
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "получение %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Получение %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "�евозможно инициалировать репозиторий в '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "отправить %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "�а�тройка %s (в %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Удаление ветви во внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Из репозитори�"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "внешний:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Указаное положение:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Ветви"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Удалить только в �лучае, е�ли"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Сли�ние �:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на �ли�ние)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Дл� опции 'Сли�ние �' требует�� указать ветвь."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Следующие ветви могут быть объединены � %s при помощи операции �ли�ни�:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"�екоторые те�ты на �ли�ние не прошли, потому что Вы не "
+"получили необходимые �о�то�ни�. Попытайте�ь получить их из %s."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Укажите одну или не�колько ветвей дл� удалени�."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Во��тановить удаленные ветви �ложно.\n"
+"\n"
+"Продолжить?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Удаление ветвей из %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "�е указан репозиторий."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Перечитывание %s... "
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Пои�к:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Дальше"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Обратно"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Игн. большие/маленькие"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "�евозможно запи�ать ��ылку:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "�евозможно запи�ать значок:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "�еподдерживаема� программа проверки правопи�ани�"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Проверка правопи�ани� не до�тупна"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "�еправильна� конфигураци� программы проверки правопи�ани�"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Словарь вернут к %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Программа проверки правопи�ани� не �могла запу�тит��"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "�ера�познана� программа проверки правопи�ани�"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "И�правлений не найдено"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Программа проверки правопи�ани� прервала передачу данных"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Ошибка проверки правопи�ани�"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Ключ не найден"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Публичный ключ из %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Создать ключ"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Скопировать в буфер обмена"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Ваш публичный ключ OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Создание..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка запу�ка ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Ключ не �оздан."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Создание ключа завершило�ь, но результат не был найден"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Ваш ключ находит�� в: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i из %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Запу�к %s требует выбранного файла."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Дей�твительно запу�тить %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "В�помогательна� операци�: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Выполнение: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgstr "Программа %s у�пешно завершила�ь."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Добавить в�помогательную операцию"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "�ова� в�помогательна� операци�"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Добавить дл� в�ех репозиториев"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Опи�ание в�помогательной операции"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "И�польуйте '/' дл� �оздани� подменю"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Команда:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Показать диалог перед запу�ком"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Запро� на выбор вер�ии (у�танавливает $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Запро� дополнительных аргументов (у�танавливает $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "�е показывать окно вывода команды"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Запу�к только е�ли показан �пи�ок изменений ($FILENAME не пу�то)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Укажите название в�помогательной операции."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "В�помогательна� операци� '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка добавлени� программы:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Удалить программу"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Удалить команды программы"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Удалить"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Синим выделены программы локальные репозиторию)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Запу�к команды: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "�ргументы"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Получение изменений из %s "
+
+# carbon copy
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "чи�тка внешнего %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени�, удаленных из %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Отправка изменений в %s "
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Точное копирование в %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Отправка %s %s в %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Отправить изменени� в ветв�х"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "И�ходные ветви"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Репозиторий назначени�"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "�а�тройки отправки"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "�амеренно перепи�ать �уще�твующую ветвь (возможна потер� изменений)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "И�пользовать thin pack (дл� медленных �етевых подключений)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Передать метки"
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/sv.po b/git-gui/po/sv.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1535f94e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/sv.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2567 @@
+# Swedish translation of git-gui.
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2007-2008.
+# Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-10 09:49+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
+"Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: ödesdigert fel"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt teckensnitt angivet i %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Diff/konsolteckensnitt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Hittar inte git i PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Kan inte tolka versionssträng från Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte avgöra Gits version.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s säger att dess version är \"%s\".\n"
+"\n"
+"%s kräver minst Git 1.5.0 eller senare.\n"
+"\n"
+"Anta att \"%s\" är version 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git-katalogen hittades inte:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Kan inte gå till början på arbetskatalogen:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Kan inte använda underlig .git-katalog:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Ingen arbetskatalog"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Uppdaterar filstatus..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Söker efter ändrade filer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+"Anropar kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande (prepare-commit-"
+"msg)..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningen avvisades av kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande "
+"(prepare-commit-msg)."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Klar."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Oförändrade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Förändrade, ej köade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Köade för incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Delar köade för incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Köade för incheckning, saknade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Filtyp ändrad, ej köade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Filtyp ändrad, köade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Ej spårade, ej köade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Saknade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Köade för borttagning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Köade för borttagning, fortfarande närvarande"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Kräver konflikthantering efter sammanslagning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Startar gitk... vänta..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Hittar inte gitk i PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Arkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Redigera"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Gren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Slå ihop"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Verktyg"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Utforska arbetskopia"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Bläddra i grenens filer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Bläddra filer på gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualisera grenens historik"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualisera alla grenars historik"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Bläddra i filer för %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualisera historik för %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Databasstatistik"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Komprimera databas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verifiera databas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Skapa skrivbordsikon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Avsluta"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Ã…ngra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Gör om"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Klipp ut"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Kopiera"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Klistra in"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Ta bort"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Markera alla"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Skapa..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Checka ut..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Byt namn..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Ta bort..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Återställ..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Färdig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Checka in"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Ny incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Lägg till föregående incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Sök på nytt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Köa för incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Köa ändrade filer för incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Ta bort från incheckningskö"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Återställ ändringar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Visa mindre sammanhang"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Visa mer sammanhang"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Skriv under"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Lokal sammanslagning..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Avbryt sammanslagning..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Lägg till..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Sänd..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Ta bort gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Om %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Inställningar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Alternativ..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Ta bort..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hjälp"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Webbdokumentation"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Visa SSH-nyckel"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"ödesdigert: kunde inte ta status på sökvägen %s: Fil eller katalog saknas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Aktuell gren:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Köade ändringar (kommer att checkas in)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Oköade ändringar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Köa ändrade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Sänd"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utökat inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Kopiera alla"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Fil:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Uppdatera"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Minska teckensnittsstorlek"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Öka teckensnittsstorlek"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Teckenkodning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Använd/återställ del"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Använd/återställ rad"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Starta verktyg för sammanslagning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Använd versionen från fjärrarkivet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Använd lokala versionen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Återställ till basversionen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Ta bort del ur incheckningskö"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Ta bort rad ur incheckningskö"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Ställ del i incheckningskö"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Ställ rad i incheckningskö"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Initierar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns möjliga problem med miljövariabler.\n"
+"\n"
+"Följande miljövariabler kommer troligen att\n"
+"ignoreras av alla Git-underprocesser som körs\n"
+"av %s:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Detta beror på ett känt problem med\n"
+"Tcl-binären som följer med Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Du kan ersätta %s\n"
+"med att lägga in värden för inställningarna\n"
+"user.name och user.email i din personliga\n"
+"~/.gitconfig-fil.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - ett grafiskt användargränssnitt för Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Filvisare"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Incheckning:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Kopiera incheckning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Sök text..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Gör full kopieringsigenkänning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Visa historiksammanhang"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Läser %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Läser annoteringar för kopiering/flyttning..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "rader annoterade"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Läser in annotering av originalplacering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Annotering fullbordad."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Upptagen"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Annoteringsprocess körs redan."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Kör grundlig kopieringsigenkänning..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Läser in annotering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Författare:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Incheckare:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Ursprunglig fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Hittar inte incheckning för HEAD:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Hittar inte föräldraincheckning:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Kan inte visa förälder"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av differens:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Ursprungligen av:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "I filen:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Kopierad eller flyttad hit av:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Checka ut gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Checka ut"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Avbryt"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revision"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Alternativ"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Hämta spårande gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Koppla bort från lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Skapa gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Skapa"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Namn på gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Namn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Använd namn på spårad gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Inledande revision"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Uppdatera befintlig gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nej"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Endast snabbspolning"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Återställ"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Checka ut när skapad"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Välj en gren att spåra."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Den spårade grenen %s är inte en gren i fjärrarkivet."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för grenen."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på grenen."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Ta bort gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Ta bort lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Lokala grenar"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Ta bara bort om sammanslagen med"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Alltid (utför inte sammanslagningstest)."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Följande grenar är inte till fullo sammanslagna med %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte ta bort grenar:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Byt namn på gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Byt namn"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nytt namn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Välj en gren att byta namn på."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte byta namn på \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Startar..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Filbläddrare"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Läser %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Upp till förälder]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Bläddra filer på grenen"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Bläddra"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Hämtar %s från %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "ödesdigert: Kunde inte slå upp %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Stäng"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns inte."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte konfigurera förenklad git-pull för '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen \"%s\" finns redan.\n"
+"\n"
+"Den kan inte snabbspolas till %s.\n"
+"En sammanslagning krävs."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Sammanslagningsstrategin \"%s\" stöds inte."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Misslyckades med att uppdatera \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Köområdet (index) är redan låst."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
+"utföra en ny sökning innan den aktuella grenen kan ändras.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Uppdaterar arbetskatalogen till \"%s\"..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "filer utcheckade"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Avbryter utcheckning av \"%s\" (sammanslagning på filnivå krävs)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Sammanslagning på filnivå krävs."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Stannar på grenen \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Du är inte längre på en lokal gren.\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du ville vara på en gren skapar du en nu, baserad på \"Denna frånkopplade "
+"utcheckning\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Checkade ut \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"Om du återställer \"%s\" till \"%s\" går följande incheckningar förlorade:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Det kanske inte är så enkelt att återskapa förlorade incheckningar."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Återställa \"%s\"?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualisera"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte ställa in aktuell gren.\n"
+"\n"
+"Arbetskatalogen har bara växlats delvis. Vi uppdaterade filerna utan "
+"problem, men kunde inte uppdatera en intern fil i Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Detta skulle inte ha hänt. %s kommer nu stängas och ge upp."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Välj"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Teckensnittsfamilj"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Storlek"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Exempel"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Detta är en exempeltext.\n"
+"Om du tycker om den här texten kan den vara ditt teckensnitt."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Skapa nytt arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Nytt..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Klona befintligt arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Klona..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Öppna befintligt arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Öppna..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Senaste arkiven"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Öppna tidigare arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Katalog:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Gitarkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Katalogen %s finns redan."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Filen %s finns redan."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Klona"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Plats för källkod:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "MÃ¥lkatalog:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Typ av klon:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (snabb, semiredundant, hårda länkar)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Full kopia (långsammare, redundant säkerhetskopia)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Delad (snabbast, rekommenderas ej, ingen säkerhetskopia)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Inte ett Gitarkiv: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Delat är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Platsen %s finns redan."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Kunde inte konfigurera ursprung"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Räknar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "hinkar"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt/info/alternativ: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Ingenting att klona från %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Grenen \"master\" har inte initierats."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Hårda länkar är inte tillgängliga. Faller tillbaka på kopiering."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Klonar från %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Kopierar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Länkar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hårdlänka objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta grenar och objekt. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta taggar. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte avgöra HEAD. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte städa upp %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Kloning misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Hämtade ingen standardgren."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp %s till någon incheckning."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Skapar arbetskatalog"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "filer"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Inledande filutcheckning misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Öppna"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Denna frånkopplade utcheckning"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Revisionsuttryck:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Spårande gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tagg"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Ogiltig revision: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Ingen revision vald."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Revisionsuttrycket är tomt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Uppdaterad"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "Webbadress"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns ingenting att utöka.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du håller på att skapa den inledande incheckningen. Det finns ingen tidigare "
+"incheckning att utöka.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte utöka vid sammanslagning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning som inte är fullbordad. Du kan inte "
+"utöka tidigare incheckningar om du inte först avbryter den pågående "
+"sammanslagningen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av incheckningsdata för utökning:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta din identitet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Felaktig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
+"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan göra en ny incheckning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Osammanslagna filer kan inte checkas in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter. Du måste lösa dem och köa filen "
+"innan du checkar in den.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Okänd filstatus %s upptäckt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s kan inte checkas in av programmet.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste köa åtminstone en fil innan du kan checka in.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett bra incheckningsmeddelande har följande format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Första raden: Beskriv i en mening vad du gjorde.\n"
+"- Andra raden: Tom\n"
+"- Följande rader: Beskriv varför det här är en bra ändring.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "varning: Tcl stöder inte teckenkodningen \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Anropar kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Anropar kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Incheckning avvisad av kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Checkar in ändringar..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Incheckningen misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Incheckningen %s verkar vara trasig"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Inga filer ändrades av incheckningen och det var inte en sammanslagning.\n"
+"\n"
+"En sökning kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Inga ändringar att checka in."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Skapade incheckningen %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Arbetar... vänta..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Lyckades"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Fel: Kommando misslyckades"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Antal lösa objekt"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av lösa objekt"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Antal packade objekt"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Antal paket"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av packade objekt"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Packade objekt som väntar på städning"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Skräpfiler"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Komprimerar objektdatabasen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verifierar objektdatabasen med fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Arkivet har för närvarande omkring %i lösa objekt.\n"
+"\n"
+"För att bibehålla optimal prestanda rekommenderas det å det bestämdaste att "
+"du komprimerar databasen när den innehåller mer än %i lösa objekt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Komprimera databasen nu?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt datum från Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Hittade inga skillnader.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s innehåller inga ändringar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Modifieringsdatum för filen uppdaterades av ett annat program, men "
+"innehållet i filen har inte ändrats.\n"
+"\n"
+"En sökning kommer automatiskt att startas för att hitta andra filer som kan "
+"vara i samma tillstånd."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Läser differens för %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOKAL: borttagen\n"
+"FJÄRR:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"FJÄRR: borttagen\n"
+"LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "FJÄRR:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte visa %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Fel vid läsning av fil:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Gitarkiv (underprojekt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Binärfil (visar inte innehållet)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Den ospårade filen är %d byte.\n"
+"* Visar endast inledande %d byte.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Den ospårade filen klipptes här av %s.\n"
+"* För att se hela filen, använd ett externt redigeringsprogram.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort den valda delen från kön."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till den valda delen till kön."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort den valda raden från kön."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till den valda raden till kön."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Standard"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Systemets (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Annan"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "fel"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "varning"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Du måste rätta till felen ovan innan du checkar in."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Kunde inte låsa upp indexet."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Indexfel"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades med att uppdatera Gitindexet. En omsökning kommer att startas "
+"automatiskt för att synkronisera om git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Forstätt"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "LÃ¥s upp index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s för incheckningskön"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Redo att checka in."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Lägger till %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i filen %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i dessa %i filer?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Alla oköade ändringar kommer permanent gå förlorade vid återställningen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Gör ingenting"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Återställer valda filer"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Återställer %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte slå ihop vid utökning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste göra färdig utökningen av incheckningen innan du påbörjar någon "
+"slags sammanslagning.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
+"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan utföra en sammanslagning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du är mitt i en sammanslagning med konflikter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste lösa dem, köa filen och checka in för att fullborda den aktuella "
+"sammanslagningen. När du gjort det kan du påbörja en ny sammanslagning.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du är mitt i en ändring.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s har ändringar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du bör fullborda den aktuella incheckningen innan du påbörjar en "
+"sammanslagning. Om du gör det blir det enklare att avbryta en misslyckad "
+"sammanslagning, om det skulle vara nödvändigt.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s av %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Slår ihop %s och %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Sammanslagningen avslutades framgångsrikt."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Sammanslagningen misslyckades. Du måste lösa konflikterna."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Slå ihop i %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisioner att slå ihop"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte avbryta vid utökning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste göra dig färdig med att utöka incheckningen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Avbryt sammanslagning?\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du avbryter sammanslagningen kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
+"förlorade.\n"
+"\n"
+"GÃ¥ vidare med att avbryta den aktuella sammanslagningen?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Återställ ändringar?\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du återställer ändringarna kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
+"förlorade.\n"
+"\n"
+"Gå vidare med att återställa de aktuella ändringarna?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Avbryter"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "filer återställda"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Misslyckades avbryta."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Avbrytning fullbordad. Redo."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Tvinga lösning att använda basversionen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Tvinga lösning att använda den aktuella grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Tvinga lösning att använda den andra grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Observera att diffen endast visar de ändringar som står i konflikt.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s kommer att skrivas över.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste starta om sammanslagningen för att göra den här operationen ogjord."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "Filen %s verkar innehålla olösta konflikter. Vill du köa ändå?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Lägger till lösning för %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "Kan inte lösa borttagnings- eller länkkonflikter med ett verktyg"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Konfliktfil existerar inte"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Inte ett grafiskt verktyg för sammanslagning: %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" för sammanslagning stöds inte"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Verktyget för sammanslagning körs redan. Vill du avsluta det?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fel vid hämtning av versioner:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte starta verktyg för sammanslagning:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Kör verktyg för sammanslagning..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Verktyget för sammanslagning misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Den globala teckenkodningen \"%s\" är ogiltig"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Arkivets teckenkodning \"%s\" är ogiltig"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Återställ standardvärden"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Spara"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Arkivet %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globalt (alla arkiv)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Användarnamn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "E-postadress"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Summera sammanslagningsincheckningar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Pratsamhet för sammanslagningar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Visa diffstatistik efter sammanslagning"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Använd verktyg för sammanslagning"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Lita på filändringstidsstämplar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Städa spårade grenar vid hämtning"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Matcha spårade grenar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Klandra kopiering bara i ändrade filer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Minsta antal tecken att klandra kopiering för"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Historikradie för klandring (dagar)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Antal rader sammanhang i differenser"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Textbredd för incheckningsmeddelande"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Mall för namn på nya grenar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Standardteckenkodning för filinnehåll"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Ändra"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Stavningsordlista:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Byt teckensnitt"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Välj %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "p."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Misslyckades med att helt spara alternativ:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Ta bort fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Ta bort från"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Hämta från"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Sänd till"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Lägg till fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Lägg till nytt fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Lägg till"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer för fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Plats:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Ytterligare åtgärd"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Hämta omedelbart"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Initiera fjärrarkiv och sänd till"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Gör ingent mer nu"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för fjärrarkivet."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på fjärrarkivet."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till fjärrarkivet \"%s\" på platsen \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "hämta %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Hämtar %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Vet inte hur arkivet på platsen \"%s\" skall initieras."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "sänd %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Konfigurerar %s (på %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Ta bort gren från fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Från arkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Fjärrarkiv:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Godtycklig plats:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Grenar"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Ta endast bort om"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Sammanslagen i:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Alltid (utför inte sammanslagningstest)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "En gren krävs för \"Sammanslagen i\"."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande grenar har inte helt slagits samman i %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"En eller flera av sammanslagningstesterna misslyckades eftersom du inte har "
+"hämtat de nödvändiga incheckningarna. Försök hämta från %s först."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Välj en eller flera grenar att ta bort."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Det kan vara svårt att återställa borttagna grenar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ta bort de valda grenarna?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Tar bort grenar från %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Inget arkiv markerat."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Söker %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Sök:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Nästa"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Föreg"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Skilj på VERSALER/gemener"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva genväg:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva ikon:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet stöds inte"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll är ej tillgänglig"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Ogiltig inställning för stavningskontroll"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Återställer ordlistan till %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades tyst vid start"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet känns inte igen"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Inga förslag"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Oväntat filslut från stavningskontroll"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Inga nycklar hittades."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Hittade öppen nyckel i: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Skapa nyckel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Kopiera till Urklipp"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Din öppna OpenSSH-nyckel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Skapar..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte starta ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Misslyckades med att skapa."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Lyckades skapa nyckeln, men hittar inte någon nyckel."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Din nyckel finns i: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s... %*i av %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "För att starta %s måste du välja en fil."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Är du säker på att du vill starta %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyg: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Exekverar: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyget avslutades framgångsrikt: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyget misslyckades: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Lägg till verktyg"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Lägg till nytt verktygskommando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Lägg till globalt"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer för verktyg"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Använd \"/\"-avdelare för att skapa ett undermenyträd:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Visa dialog innan programmet startas"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Be användaren välja en version (sätter $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Be användaren om ytterligare parametrar (sätter $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Visa inte kommandots utdatafönster"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Kör endast om en diff har markerats ($FILENAME är inte tomt)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för verktyget."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" finns redan."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte lägga till verktyget:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Ta bort verktyg"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Ta bort verktygskommandon"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Ta bort"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Blått anger verktyg lokala för arkivet)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kör kommandot: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argument"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Hämtar nya ändringar från %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "fjärrborttagning %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Tar bort spårande grenar som tagits bort från %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Sänder ändringar till %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Speglar till %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Sänder %s %s till %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Sänd grenar"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Källgrenar"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Destinationsarkiv"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Överföringsalternativ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Tvinga överskrivning av befintlig gren (kan kasta bort ändringar)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Använd tunt paket (för långsamma nätverksanslutningar)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Ta med taggar"
+
+#~ msgid "URL:"
+#~ msgstr "Webbadress:"
+
+#~ msgid "Delete Remote Branch"
+#~ msgstr "Ta bort fjärrgren"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Unable to start gitk:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "%s does not exist"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Kan inte starta gitk:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "%s finns inte"
+
+#~ msgid "Apple"
+#~ msgstr "Äpple"
+
+#~ msgid "Not connected to aspell"
+#~ msgstr "Inte ansluten till aspell"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po b/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91c1be23c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1967 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Chinese
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# Xudong Guan <xudong.guan@gmail.com>, 2007.
+#
+# Please use the following translation throughout the file for consistence:
+#
+# 	repository	版本库
+# 	commit		�交
+# 	revision	版本
+# 	branch		分支
+# 	tag		标签
+# 	annotation	标注
+# 	merge		�并
+# 	fast forward	快速�并(??)
+# 	stage		缓存 (译自 index/cache)
+# 	amend		修正
+# 	reset		��
+#
+# 2008-01-06 Eric Miao <eric.y.miao@gmail.com>
+# FIXME: checkout 的标准翻译
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-03-14 07:18+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-07-21 01:23-0700\n"
+"Last-Translator: Eric Miao <eric.y.miao@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:634 git-gui.sh:648 git-gui.sh:661 git-gui.sh:744
+#: git-gui.sh:763
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: 致命错误"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:593
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "%s 中指定的字体无效:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:620
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "主�字体"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:621
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Diff/控制终端字体"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:635
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "PATH 中没有找到 git"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:662
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "无法解� Git 的版本信�:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:680
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"无法确定 Git 的版本.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s 声明其版本为 '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"而 %s 需� 1.5.0 或这以�的 Git 版本.\n"
+"\n"
+"是��定 '%s' 为版本 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:918
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git 目录无法找到:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:925
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "无法移动到工作根目录:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:932
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "无法使用 .git 目录:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:937
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "没有工作目录"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1084 lib/checkout_op.tcl:283
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "更新文件状�..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1149
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "扫�修改过的文件 ..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1324 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "就绪"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1590
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "未修改"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1592
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "修改但未缓存"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1593 git-gui.sh:1598
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "缓存为�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1594 git-gui.sh:1599
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "部分缓存为�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1595 git-gui.sh:1600
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "缓存为�交, �存在"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1597
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "未跟踪, 未缓存"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1602
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "�存在"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1603
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "缓存为删除"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1604
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "缓存为删除, 但�存在"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1606 git-gui.sh:1607 git-gui.sh:1608 git-gui.sh:1609
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "需�解决�并冲�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1644
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "�动 gitk... 请等待..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1653
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to start gitk:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+"无法�动 gitk:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s �存在"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1860 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "版本库(repository)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1861
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "编辑"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1863 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "分支(branch)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1866 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "�交(commit)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1869 lib/merge.tcl:120 lib/merge.tcl:149 lib/merge.tcl:167
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "�并(merge)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1870 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "远端(remote)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1879
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "�览当�分支上的文件"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1883
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "�览分支上的文件..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1888
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "图示当�分支的历�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1892
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "图示所有分支的历�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1899
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "�览 %s 上的文件"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1901
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "图示 %s 分支的历�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1906 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "数�库统计信�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1909 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "压缩数�库"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1912
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "验�数�库"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1919 git-gui.sh:1923 git-gui.sh:1927 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "创建桌�图标"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1932 lib/choose_repository.tcl:177 lib/choose_repository.tcl:185
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "退出"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1939
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "撤销"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1942
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1946 git-gui.sh:2443
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "剪切"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1949 git-gui.sh:2446 git-gui.sh:2520 git-gui.sh:2614
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "�制"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1952 git-gui.sh:2449
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "粘贴"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1955 git-gui.sh:2452 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "删除"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1959 git-gui.sh:2456 git-gui.sh:2618 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "全选"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1968
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "新建..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1974
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Checkout..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1980
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "更�..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1985 git-gui.sh:2085
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "删除..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1990
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "��(Reset)..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2002 git-gui.sh:2389
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "新建�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2010 git-gui.sh:2396
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "修正上次�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2019 git-gui.sh:2356 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "�新扫�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2025
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "缓存为�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2031
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "缓存修改的文件为�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2037
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "从本次�交撤除"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2042 lib/index.tcl:395
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "撤销修改"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2049 git-gui.sh:2368 git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "签�(Sign Off)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2053 git-gui.sh:2372
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2064
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "本地�并..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2069
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "中止�并..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2081
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "上传..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2092 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
+msgid "Apple"
+msgstr "苹果"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2095 git-gui.sh:2117 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "关于 %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2099
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "首选项..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2107 git-gui.sh:2639
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "选项..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "帮助"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2154
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "在线文档"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2238
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr "致命错误: 无法获�路径 %s 的信�: 该文件或目录�存在"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2271
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "当�分支:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2292
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "已缓存的改动 (将被�交)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2312
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "未缓存的改动"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2362
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "缓存改动"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "上传"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2408
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "�始的�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2409
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "修正的�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2410
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "修正的�始�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2411
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "修正的�并�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "�并�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2413
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "�交�述:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2459 git-gui.sh:2622 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "全部�制"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2483 lib/blame.tcl:107
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "文件:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2589
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "应用/撤消此修改�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2595
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "显示更少上下文"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2602
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "显示更多上下文"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2610
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "刷新"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2631
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "缩�字体"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2635
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "放大字体"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2646
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "从�交中撤除修改�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2648
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "缓存修改�为�交"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2667
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "�始化..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2762
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�能存在环境��的问题.\n"
+"\n"
+"由 %s 执行的 Git �进程�能忽略下列环境��:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2792
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"这是由 Cygwin �布的 Tcl 代�中一个\n"
+"已知问题所引起."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"%s 的一个很好的替代方案是将 user.name 以�\n"
+"user.email 设置放在你的个人 ~/.gitconfig 文件中.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - Git 的图形化用户界�"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:77
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "文件查看器"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:81
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "�交:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:264
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "�制�交"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:384
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "读� %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:488
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "装载�制/移动跟踪标注..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:508
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "标注行"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:689
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "装载原始�置标注..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:692
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "标注完�."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:746
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "�載标注..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "作者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "�交者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:811
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "原始文件:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:925
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "最�由:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:931
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "在文件:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:936
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "由�制或移动至此:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Checkout 分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Checkout"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:171
+#: lib/option.tcl:103 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42 lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "�消"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "版本"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:242
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "选项..."
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "获�跟踪分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "从本地分支脱离"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "创建分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "新建分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:371
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "新建"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "分支�"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "�字:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "匹�跟踪分支�字"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "起始版本"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "更新已有分支:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "仅快速�并"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:514
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "在创建�Checkout"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "请选择�个跟踪分支."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "跟踪分支 %s 并�是远端版本库中的一个分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "请�供分支�字."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s'�是一个�接�的分支�."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "删除分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "删除本地分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "本地分支"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "仅在�并�删除"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "总是�并 (�作�并测试.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "下列分支没有完全被�并到 %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"无法删除分支:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "更改分支�:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "更�..."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "分支:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "新�字:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "请选择分支更�."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:179
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 已�存在."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "无法更� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "开始..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "文件�览器"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "装载 %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[上层目录]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "�览分支文件"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:474 lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:987
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "�览"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:79
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "获� %s 自 %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:127
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "致命错误: 无法解决 %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:140 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "关闭"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:169
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 并�存在."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:206
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"分支 '%s' 已�存在.\n"
+"\n"
+"无法快速�并到 %s.\n"
+"需�普通�并."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "�并策略 '%s' �支�."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:239
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "无法更新 '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:251
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "缓存区域 (index) 已被�定."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:266
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最�一次扫�的状�和当�版本库状��符.\n"
+"\n"
+"�一 Git 程�自上次扫��修改了本版本库. 在修改当�分支之�需��新�一次扫"
+"�.\n"
+"\n"
+"�新扫�将自动开始.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:322
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "更新工作目录到 '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:323
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:353
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "中止 '%s' 的 checkout �作 (需��文件级�并)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:354
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "需�文件级�并."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:358
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "�留在分支 '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:429
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"你�在�个本地分支上.\n"
+"\n"
+"如果你想�于�分支上, 从当�脱节的Checkout中创建一个新分支."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:446 lib/checkout_op.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 已被 checkout"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:478
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "�� '%s' 到 '%s' 将导致下列�交的丢失:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "��丢失的�交是比较困难的."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:505
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "�� '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:510 lib/merge.tcl:163
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "图示"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:578
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"无法设定当�分支.\n"
+"\n"
+"当�工作目录仅有部分被切�出, 我们已�功的更新了您的文件但是无法更新�个内部"
+"的Git文件.\n"
+"\n"
+"这本�该�生, %s 将关闭并放弃."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "选择"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "字体�"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "字体大�"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "字体样例"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"这是样例文本.\n"
+"如果你喜欢, 你�以设置该字体."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:81 lib/choose_repository.tcl:376
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "创建新的版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "新建..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:94 lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "克隆已有版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "克隆..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:107 lib/choose_repository.tcl:976
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "打开已有版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "打开..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:126
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "最近版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "打开最近版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:296 lib/choose_repository.tcl:303
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:310
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "无法创建版本库 %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:381 lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "目录:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:412 lib/choose_repository.tcl:537
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Git 版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:437
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "目录 %s 已�存在."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:441
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "文件 %s 已�存在."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:455
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "克隆"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:468
+msgid "URL:"
+msgstr "URL:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:489
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "克隆类型:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:495
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "标准方� (快速, 部分备份, 作硬连接)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:501
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "全部�制 (较慢, �备份)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "共享方� (最快, �推�, ��备份)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:543 lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:736 lib/choose_repository.tcl:806
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1025
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "�是一个 Git 版本库: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "标准方�仅当是本地版本库时有效."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:583
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "共享方�仅当是本地版本库时有效."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:604
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "�置 %s 已�存在."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "无法�置 origin"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:627
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "清点对象"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "水桶??"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:652
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "无法�制 objects/info/alternates: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "没有东西�从 %s 克隆."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:690 lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "'master'分支尚未�始化."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "硬连接��用. 使用�制."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:715
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "从 %s 克隆"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:746
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "�制 objects"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:747
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:771
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "无法�制 object: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:781
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "链接 objects"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objects"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:790
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "无法硬链接 object: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:845
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "无法获�分支和对象. 请查看控制终端的输出."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:856
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "无法获�标签. 请查看控制终端的输出."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:880
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "无法确定 HEAD. 请查看控制终端的输出."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:889
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "无法清� %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "克隆失败."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "没有获�缺�分支"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:913
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "无法解� %s 为�交."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "创建工作目录"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:127
+#: lib/index.tcl:193
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "文件"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:955
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "�始的文件checkout失败"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:971
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "打开"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "版本库"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "无法打开版本库 %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "该脱节的Checkout"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "版本表达�:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "本地分支"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "跟踪分支:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "标签"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "无效版本: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "没有选择版本."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "版本表达�为空."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "已更新"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"没有改动需�修正.\n"
+"\n"
+"你正在创建最�的�交. 在此之�没有�交�以修正.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"在�并时无法修正.\n"
+"\n"
+"你当�正在一次尚未完�的�并�作过程中. 除�中止当��并活动,\n"
+"�则无法修正之�的�交.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "为修正装载�交数�出错:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "无法获知你的身份:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "无效的 GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最�一次扫�的状�和当�版本库状��符.\n"
+"\n"
+"�一 Git 程�自上次扫��修改了本版本库. 在修改当�分支之�需��新�一次扫"
+"�.\n"
+"\n"
+"�新扫�将自动开始.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:154
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"尚未�并的文件没有办法�交.\n"
+"\n"
+"文件 %s 有�并冲�, 你必须解决这些冲�并缓存该文件作�交.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:162
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"检测到未知文件状� %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"文件 %s 无法由该程��交.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:170
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"没有需��交的�动.\n"
+"\n"
+"�交�你必须首先缓存至少一个文件.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:183
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"请�供一��交信�.\n"
+"\n"
+"一�好的�交信�有下列格�:\n"
+"\n"
+"- 第一行: 一��概括你�的修改.\n"
+"- 第二行: 空行\n"
+"- 剩余行: 请�述为什么你�的这些改动是好的.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:207
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "警告: Tcl �支�编�方� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:221
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:236
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:259
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:274
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:287
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:303
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree 失败:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:304 lib/commit.tcl:348 lib/commit.tcl:368
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "克隆失败."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "�交 %s 似乎已��"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"没有改动�交.\n"
+"\n"
+"该�交没有改动任何文件也�是一个�并�交.\n"
+"\n"
+"�新扫�将自动开始.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:333
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "没有改动��交."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:347
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree 失败:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:367
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref 失败:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:454
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "创建了 commit %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "工作中... 请等待..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "�功"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "错误: 命令失败"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "�散对象的数�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "�散对象所使用的�盘空间"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "压缩对象数�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "压缩包数�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "压缩对象所使用的�盘空间"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "压缩对象等待清�"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "垃圾文件"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "压缩对象数�库"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "使用 fsck-objects 验�对象数�库"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"该版本库当�约有 %i 个�散对象.\n"
+"\n"
+"为达到较优的性能，强烈建议你在�散对象多于 %i 时压缩数�库.\n"
+"\n"
+"现在就压缩数�库么?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "无效的日期: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:42
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"未检测到改动.\n"
+"\n"
+"该文件的修改日期被�一个程�所更新, 但其内容并没有�化.\n"
+"\n"
+"对于类似情况的其他文件的�新扫�将自动开始."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:81
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "装载 %s 的 diff ..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:114 lib/diff.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "无法显示 %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:115
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "装载文件出错:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:122
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git 版本库 (�项目)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:134
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* 二进制文件 (�显示内容)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:185
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "装载 diff 错误:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:303
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "无法将选择的代�段从缓存中删除."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:310
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "无法缓存所选代�段."
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "错误"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "警告"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "你必须在�交�修正上述错误."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "无法解�缓存 (index)"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "缓存(Index)错误"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr "更新 Git 缓存(Index)失败, �新扫�将自动开始以�新�步 git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "继续"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "解� Index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:282
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "从�交缓存中删除 %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:313
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "缓存为�交"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "添加 %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "撤销文件 %s 中的改动?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "撤销这些 (%i个) 文件的改动?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:391
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr "任何未缓存的改动将在这次撤销中永久丢失."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:394
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "���作"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"修正时无法��并.\n"
+"\n"
+"你必须完�对该�交的修正�能继续任何类型的�并�作.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最�一次扫�的状�和当�版本库状��符.\n"
+"\n"
+"�一 Git 程�自上次扫��修改了本版本库. 在修改当�分支之�需��新�一次扫"
+"�.\n"
+"\n"
+"�新扫�将自动开始.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:44
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"你正处在一个有冲�的�并�作中.\n"
+"\n"
+"文件 %s 有�并冲�.\n"
+"\n"
+"你必须解决这些冲�, 缓存该文件, 并�交�完�当�的�并.仅当这样��能开始下一"
+"个�并�作.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:54
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"你正处在一个改动当中.\n"
+"\n"
+"文件 %s 已被修改.\n"
+"\n"
+"你必须完�当�的�交��能开始�并. 如果需�, 这么�将有助于中止一次失败的�"
+"并.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:119
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "�并 %s 和 %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:130
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "�并�功完�."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:132
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "�并失败. 需�解决冲�."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "�并到 %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:176
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "��并的版本"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:211
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"修正�作中无法中止.\n"
+"\n"
+"你必须先完�本次修正�作.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:221
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"中止�并?\n"
+"\n"
+"中止当�的�并�作将导致 *所有* 尚未�交的改动丢失.\n"
+"\n"
+"是��继续中止当�的�并�作?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:227
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"是���当�改动?\n"
+"\n"
+"��当�的改动将导致 *所有* 未�交的改动丢失.\n"
+"\n"
+"是��继续��当�的改动?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "中止"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "文件"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:265
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "中止失败"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "中止完�. 就绪."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:95
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "��默认值"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:99
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "�存"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:109
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s 版本库"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:110
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "全局 (所有版本库)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:116
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "用户�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Email 地�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "概述�并�交:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:120
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "�并冗余度"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "在�并�显示 Diffstat"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "相信文件的改动时间"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:124
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "获�时清除跟踪分支"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:125
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "匹�跟踪分支"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:126
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Diff 上下文行数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:127
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "�交�述:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:128
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "新建分支命�模�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:192
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:216
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "更改字体"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "选择 %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:226
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "磅"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:240
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "首选项"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:275
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "无法完全�存选项:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Remote Branch"
+msgstr "删除远端分支"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "从版本库"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Remote:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary URL:"
+msgstr "任� URL:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "分支"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "删除仅当"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "�并到"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "总是�并 (�作�并检查)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "'�并到' 需�指定�个分支"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"下列分支没有被全部�并到 %s 中:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"由于没有获�到必�的�交，一个或多个�并测试失败。请�试从 %s 处先获�。"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "请选择�个或多个分支�删除"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"��被删除的分支�常困难.\n"
+"\n"
+"是��删除所选分支?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "从 %s 中删除分支"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "没有选择版本库"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "正在扫� %s..."
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:165
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "从..清除(prune)"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:170
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "从..获�(fetch)"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:213
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "上传到(push)"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "无法修改快�方�:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "无法修改图标:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:180
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:381
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:385
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "获�(fetch)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "从 %s 处获�新的改动"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "清除远端 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "清除"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "上传 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "上传改动到 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "上传 %s %s 到 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "上传分支"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "�端分支:"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "目标版本库"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "传输选项"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "强制覆盖已有的分支 (�能会丢失改动)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "使用 thin pack (适用于低速网络连接)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "包�标签"
diff --git a/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..66bbb2f8fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
+exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
+
+if { $argc >=2 && [lindex $argv 0] == "--working-dir" } {
+	set workdir [lindex $argv 1]
+	cd $workdir
+	if {[lindex [file split $workdir] end] eq {.git}} {
+		# Workaround for Explorer right click "Git GUI Here" on .git/
+		cd ..
+	}
+	set argv [lrange $argv 2 end]
+	incr argc -2
+}
+
+set bindir [file dirname \
+            [file dirname \
+             [file dirname [info script]]]]
+set bindir [file join $bindir bin]
+regsub -all ";" $bindir "\\;" bindir
+set env(PATH) "$bindir;$env(PATH)"
+unset bindir
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] git-gui.tcl]
diff --git a/git-instaweb.sh b/git-instaweb.sh
index cbc7418e35..5f4419b69b 100755
--- a/git-instaweb.sh
+++ b/git-instaweb.sh
@@ -2,61 +2,82 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
-USAGE='[--start] [--stop] [--restart]
-  [--local] [--httpd=<httpd>] [--port=<port>] [--browser=<browser>]
-  [--module-path=<path> (for Apache2 only)]'
 
-. git-sh-setup
+PERL='@@PERL@@'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git instaweb [options] (--start | --stop | --restart)
+--
+l,local        only bind on 127.0.0.1
+p,port=        the port to bind to
+d,httpd=       the command to launch
+b,browser=     the browser to launch
+m,module-path= the module path (only needed for apache2)
+ Action
+stop           stop the web server
+start          start the web server
+restart        restart the web server
+"
 
-case "$GIT_DIR" in
-/*)
-	fqgitdir="$GIT_DIR" ;;
-*)
-	fqgitdir="$PWD/$GIT_DIR" ;;
-esac
+. git-sh-setup
 
-local="`git config --bool --get instaweb.local`"
-httpd="`git config --get instaweb.httpd`"
-browser="`git config --get instaweb.browser`"
-port=`git config --get instaweb.port`
-module_path="`git config --get instaweb.modulepath`"
+fqgitdir="$GIT_DIR"
+local="$(git config --bool --get instaweb.local)"
+httpd="$(git config --get instaweb.httpd)"
+port=$(git config --get instaweb.port)
+module_path="$(git config --get instaweb.modulepath)"
 
-conf=$GIT_DIR/gitweb/httpd.conf
+conf="$GIT_DIR/gitweb/httpd.conf"
 
 # Defaults:
 
 # if installed, it doesn't need further configuration (module_path)
 test -z "$httpd" && httpd='lighttpd -f'
 
-# probably the most popular browser among gitweb users
-test -z "$browser" && browser='firefox'
-
 # any untaken local port will do...
 test -z "$port" && port=1234
 
-start_httpd () {
-	httpd_only="`echo $httpd | cut -f1 -d' '`"
-	if test "`expr index $httpd_only /`" -eq '1' || \
-				which $httpd_only >/dev/null
+resolve_full_httpd () {
+	case "$httpd" in
+	*apache2*|*lighttpd*)
+		# ensure that the apache2/lighttpd command ends with "-f"
+		if ! echo "$httpd" | grep -- '-f *$' >/dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			httpd="$httpd -f"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	httpd_only="$(echo $httpd | cut -f1 -d' ')"
+	if case "$httpd_only" in /*) : ;; *) which $httpd_only >/dev/null 2>&1;; esac
 	then
-		$httpd $fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf
+		full_httpd=$httpd
 	else
 		# many httpds are installed in /usr/sbin or /usr/local/sbin
 		# these days and those are not in most users $PATHs
-		for i in /usr/local/sbin /usr/sbin
+		# in addition, we may have generated a server script
+		# in $fqgitdir/gitweb.
+		for i in /usr/local/sbin /usr/sbin "$fqgitdir/gitweb"
 		do
 			if test -x "$i/$httpd_only"
 			then
-				# don't quote $httpd, there can be
-				# arguments to it (-f)
-				$i/$httpd "$fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf"
+				full_httpd=$i/$httpd
 				return
 			fi
 		done
-		echo "$httpd_only not found. Install $httpd_only or use" \
-		     "--httpd to specify another http daemon."
+
+		echo >&2 "$httpd_only not found. Install $httpd_only or use" \
+		     "--httpd to specify another httpd daemon."
 		exit 1
 	fi
+}
+
+start_httpd () {
+	# here $httpd should have a meaningful value
+	resolve_full_httpd
+
+	# don't quote $full_httpd, there can be arguments to it (-f)
+	$full_httpd "$fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf"
 	if test $? != 0; then
 		echo "Could not execute http daemon $httpd."
 		exit 1
@@ -64,10 +85,10 @@ start_httpd () {
 }
 
 stop_httpd () {
-	test -f "$fqgitdir/pid" && kill `cat "$fqgitdir/pid"`
+	test -f "$fqgitdir/pid" && kill $(cat "$fqgitdir/pid")
 }
 
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	--stop|stop)
@@ -83,52 +104,26 @@ do
 		start_httpd
 		exit 0
 		;;
-	--local|-l)
+	-l|--local)
 		local=true
 		;;
-	-d|--httpd|--httpd=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			httpd=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			httpd="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-d|--httpd)
+		shift
+		httpd="$1"
 		;;
-	-b|--browser|--browser=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			browser=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			browser="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-b|--browser)
+		shift
+		browser="$1"
 		;;
-	-p|--port|--port=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			port=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			port="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-p|--port)
+		shift
+		port="$1"
 		;;
-	-m|--module-path=*|--module-path)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			module_path=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			module_path="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-m|--module-path)
+		shift
+		module_path="$1"
+		;;
+	--)
 		;;
 	*)
 		usage
@@ -138,29 +133,129 @@ do
 done
 
 mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/tmp"
-GIT_EXEC_PATH="`git --exec-path`"
+GIT_EXEC_PATH="$(git --exec-path)"
 GIT_DIR="$fqgitdir"
 export GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_DIR
 
 
+webrick_conf () {
+	# generate a standalone server script in $fqgitdir/gitweb.
+	cat >"$fqgitdir/gitweb/$httpd.rb" <<EOF
+require 'webrick'
+require 'yaml'
+options = YAML::load_file(ARGV[0])
+options[:StartCallback] = proc do
+  File.open(options[:PidFile],"w") do |f|
+    f.puts Process.pid
+  end
+end
+options[:ServerType] = WEBrick::Daemon
+server = WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(options)
+['INT', 'TERM'].each do |signal|
+  trap(signal) {server.shutdown}
+end
+server.start
+EOF
+	# generate a shell script to invoke the above ruby script,
+	# which assumes _ruby_ is in the user's $PATH. that's _one_
+	# portable way to run ruby, which could be installed anywhere,
+	# really.
+	cat >"$fqgitdir/gitweb/$httpd" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exec ruby "$fqgitdir/gitweb/$httpd.rb" \$*
+EOF
+	chmod +x "$fqgitdir/gitweb/$httpd"
+
+	cat >"$conf" <<EOF
+:Port: $port
+:DocumentRoot: "$fqgitdir/gitweb"
+:DirectoryIndex: ["gitweb.cgi"]
+:PidFile: "$fqgitdir/pid"
+EOF
+	test "$local" = true && echo ':BindAddress: "127.0.0.1"' >> "$conf"
+}
+
 lighttpd_conf () {
 	cat > "$conf" <<EOF
 server.document-root = "$fqgitdir/gitweb"
 server.port = $port
-server.modules = ( "mod_cgi" )
+server.modules = ( "mod_setenv", "mod_cgi" )
 server.indexfiles = ( "gitweb.cgi" )
 server.pid-file = "$fqgitdir/pid"
+server.errorlog = "$fqgitdir/gitweb/error.log"
+
+# to enable, add "mod_access", "mod_accesslog" to server.modules
+# variable above and uncomment this
+#accesslog.filename = "$fqgitdir/gitweb/access.log"
+
+setenv.add-environment = ( "PATH" => "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin" )
+
 cgi.assign = ( ".cgi" => "" )
-mimetype.assign = ( ".css" => "text/css" )
+
+# mimetype mapping
+mimetype.assign             = (
+  ".pdf"          =>      "application/pdf",
+  ".sig"          =>      "application/pgp-signature",
+  ".spl"          =>      "application/futuresplash",
+  ".class"        =>      "application/octet-stream",
+  ".ps"           =>      "application/postscript",
+  ".torrent"      =>      "application/x-bittorrent",
+  ".dvi"          =>      "application/x-dvi",
+  ".gz"           =>      "application/x-gzip",
+  ".pac"          =>      "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
+  ".swf"          =>      "application/x-shockwave-flash",
+  ".tar.gz"       =>      "application/x-tgz",
+  ".tgz"          =>      "application/x-tgz",
+  ".tar"          =>      "application/x-tar",
+  ".zip"          =>      "application/zip",
+  ".mp3"          =>      "audio/mpeg",
+  ".m3u"          =>      "audio/x-mpegurl",
+  ".wma"          =>      "audio/x-ms-wma",
+  ".wax"          =>      "audio/x-ms-wax",
+  ".ogg"          =>      "application/ogg",
+  ".wav"          =>      "audio/x-wav",
+  ".gif"          =>      "image/gif",
+  ".jpg"          =>      "image/jpeg",
+  ".jpeg"         =>      "image/jpeg",
+  ".png"          =>      "image/png",
+  ".xbm"          =>      "image/x-xbitmap",
+  ".xpm"          =>      "image/x-xpixmap",
+  ".xwd"          =>      "image/x-xwindowdump",
+  ".css"          =>      "text/css",
+  ".html"         =>      "text/html",
+  ".htm"          =>      "text/html",
+  ".js"           =>      "text/javascript",
+  ".asc"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".c"            =>      "text/plain",
+  ".cpp"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".log"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".conf"         =>      "text/plain",
+  ".text"         =>      "text/plain",
+  ".txt"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".dtd"          =>      "text/xml",
+  ".xml"          =>      "text/xml",
+  ".mpeg"         =>      "video/mpeg",
+  ".mpg"          =>      "video/mpeg",
+  ".mov"          =>      "video/quicktime",
+  ".qt"           =>      "video/quicktime",
+  ".avi"          =>      "video/x-msvideo",
+  ".asf"          =>      "video/x-ms-asf",
+  ".asx"          =>      "video/x-ms-asf",
+  ".wmv"          =>      "video/x-ms-wmv",
+  ".bz2"          =>      "application/x-bzip",
+  ".tbz"          =>      "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+  ".tar.bz2"      =>      "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+  ""              =>      "text/plain"
+ )
 EOF
-	test "$local" = true && echo 'server.bind = "127.0.0.1"' >> "$conf"
+	test x"$local" = xtrue && echo 'server.bind = "127.0.0.1"' >> "$conf"
 }
 
 apache2_conf () {
 	test -z "$module_path" && module_path=/usr/lib/apache2/modules
 	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/logs"
 	bind=
-	test "$local" = true && bind='127.0.0.1:'
+	test x"$local" = xtrue && bind='127.0.0.1:'
 	echo 'text/css css' > $fqgitdir/mime.types
 	cat > "$conf" <<EOF
 ServerName "git-instaweb"
@@ -200,7 +295,8 @@ PerlPassEnv GIT_EXEC_DIR
 EOF
 	else
 		# plain-old CGI
-		list_mods=`echo "$httpd" | sed "s/-f$/-l/"`
+		resolve_full_httpd
+		list_mods=$(echo "$full_httpd" | sed "s/-f$/-l/")
 		$list_mods | grep 'mod_cgi\.c' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
 		echo "LoadModule cgi_module $module_path/mod_cgi.so" >> "$conf"
 		cat >> "$conf" <<EOF
@@ -213,16 +309,18 @@ EOF
 }
 
 script='
-s#^\(my\|our\) $projectroot =.*#\1 $projectroot = "'`dirname $fqgitdir`'";#
-s#\(my\|our\) $gitbin =.*#\1 $gitbin = "'$GIT_EXEC_PATH'";#
-s#\(my\|our\) $projects_list =.*#\1 $projects_list = $projectroot;#
-s#\(my\|our\) $git_temp =.*#\1 $git_temp = "'$fqgitdir/gitweb/tmp'";#'
+s#^(my|our) \$projectroot =.*#$1 \$projectroot = "'$(dirname "$fqgitdir")'";#;
+s#(my|our) \$gitbin =.*#$1 \$gitbin = "'$GIT_EXEC_PATH'";#;
+s#(my|our) \$projects_list =.*#$1 \$projects_list = \$projectroot;#;
+s#(my|our) \$git_temp =.*#$1 \$git_temp = "'$fqgitdir/gitweb/tmp'";#;'
 
 gitweb_cgi () {
 	cat > "$1.tmp" <<\EOFGITWEB
 @@GITWEB_CGI@@
 EOFGITWEB
-	sed "$script" "$1.tmp"  > "$1"
+	# Use the configured full path to perl to match the generated
+	# scripts' 'hashpling' line
+	"$PERL" -p -e "$script" "$1.tmp"  > "$1"
 	chmod +x "$1"
 	rm -f "$1.tmp"
 }
@@ -233,8 +331,8 @@ gitweb_css () {
 EOFGITWEB
 }
 
-gitweb_cgi $GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.cgi
-gitweb_css $GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.css
+gitweb_cgi "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.cgi"
+gitweb_css "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.css"
 
 case "$httpd" in
 *lighttpd*)
@@ -243,6 +341,9 @@ case "$httpd" in
 *apache2*)
 	apache2_conf
 	;;
+webrick)
+	webrick_conf
+	;;
 *)
 	echo "Unknown httpd specified: $httpd"
 	exit 1
@@ -250,6 +351,10 @@ case "$httpd" in
 esac
 
 start_httpd
-test -z "$browser" && browser=echo
 url=http://127.0.0.1:$port
-$browser $url || echo $url
+
+if test -n "$browser"; then
+	git web--browse -b "$browser" $url || echo $url
+else
+	git web--browse -c "instaweb.browser" $url || echo $url
+fi
diff --git a/git-lost-found.sh b/git-lost-found.sh
index 58570dff13..0b3e8c7a86 100755
--- a/git-lost-found.sh
+++ b/git-lost-found.sh
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 
 USAGE=''
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 
+echo "WARNING: '$0' is deprecated in favor of 'git fsck --lost-found'" >&2
+
 if [ "$#" != "0" ]
 then
     usage
@@ -17,10 +20,10 @@ while read dangling type sha1
 do
 	case "$dangling" in
 	dangling)
-		if git-rev-parse --verify "$sha1^0" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+		if git rev-parse -q --verify "$sha1^0" >/dev/null
 		then
 			dir="$laf/commit"
-			git-show-branch "$sha1"
+			git show-branch "$sha1"
 		else
 			dir="$laf/other"
 		fi
diff --git a/git-merge-octopus.sh b/git-merge-octopus.sh
index eb3f473d5a..1dadbb4966 100755
--- a/git-merge-octopus.sh
+++ b/git-merge-octopus.sh
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ esac
 # MRT is the current "merge result tree"
 
 MRC=$head MSG= PARENT="-p $head"
-MRT=$(git-write-tree)
+MRT=$(git write-tree)
 CNT=1 ;# counting our head
 NON_FF_MERGE=0
 OCTOPUS_FAILURE=0
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ do
 		exit 2
 	esac
 
-	common=$(git-merge-base --all $MRC $SHA1) ||
+	common=$(git merge-base --all $SHA1 $MRC) ||
 		die "Unable to find common commit with $SHA1"
 
 	case "$LF$common$LF" in
@@ -82,32 +82,25 @@ do
 		# We still need to count this as part of the parent set.
 
 		echo "Fast forwarding to: $SHA1"
-		git-read-tree -u -m $head $SHA1 || exit
-		MRC=$SHA1 MRT=$(git-write-tree)
+		git read-tree -u -m $head $SHA1 || exit
+		MRC=$SHA1 MRT=$(git write-tree)
 		continue
 	fi
 
 	NON_FF_MERGE=1
 
 	echo "Trying simple merge with $SHA1"
-	git-read-tree -u -m --aggressive  $common $MRT $SHA1 || exit 2
-	next=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null)
+	git read-tree -u -m --aggressive  $common $MRT $SHA1 || exit 2
+	next=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 	if test $? -ne 0
 	then
 		echo "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
 		git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a ||
 		OCTOPUS_FAILURE=1
-		next=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null)
+		next=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 	fi
 
-	# We have merged the other branch successfully.  Ideally
-	# we could implement OR'ed heads in merge-base, and keep
-	# a list of commits we have merged so far in MRC to feed
-	# them to merge-base, but we approximate it by keep using
-	# the current MRC.  We used to update it to $common, which
-	# was incorrectly doing AND'ed merge-base here, which was
-	# unneeded.
-
+	MRC="$MRC $SHA1"
 	MRT=$next
 done
 
diff --git a/git-merge-one-file.sh b/git-merge-one-file.sh
index 7d62d7902c..9c2c1b7202 100755
--- a/git-merge-one-file.sh
+++ b/git-merge-one-file.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #   $7 - file in branch2 mode (or empty)
 #
 # Handle some trivial cases.. The _really_ trivial cases have
-# been handled already by git-read-tree, but that one doesn't
+# been handled already by git read-tree, but that one doesn't
 # do any merges that might change the tree layout.
 
 case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
@@ -27,14 +27,15 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 		# read-tree checked that index matches HEAD already,
 		# so we know we do not have this path tracked.
 		# there may be an unrelated working tree file here,
-		# which we should just leave unmolested.
-		exit 0
+		# which we should just leave unmolested.  Make sure
+		# we do not have it in the index, though.
+		exec git update-index --remove -- "$4"
 	fi
 	if test -f "$4"; then
 		rm -f -- "$4" &&
 		rmdir -p "$(expr "z$4" : 'z\(.*\)/')" 2>/dev/null || :
 	fi &&
-		exec git-update-index --remove -- "$4"
+		exec git update-index --remove -- "$4"
 	;;
 
 #
@@ -42,16 +43,18 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 #
 ".$2.")
 	# the other side did not add and we added so there is nothing
-	# to be done.
+	# to be done, except making the path merged.
+	exec git update-index --add --cacheinfo "$6" "$2" "$4"
 	;;
 "..$3")
 	echo "Adding $4"
-	test -f "$4" || {
+	if test -f "$4"
+	then
 		echo "ERROR: untracked $4 is overwritten by the merge."
 		exit 1
-	}
-	git-update-index --add --cacheinfo "$6$7" "$2$3" "$4" &&
-		exec git-checkout-index -u -f -- "$4"
+	fi
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo "$7" "$3" "$4" &&
+		exec git checkout-index -u -f -- "$4"
 	;;
 
 #
@@ -64,8 +67,8 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	echo "Adding $4"
-	git-update-index --add --cacheinfo "$6" "$2" "$4" &&
-		exec git-checkout-index -u -f -- "$4"
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo "$6" "$2" "$4" &&
+		exec git checkout-index -u -f -- "$4"
 	;;
 
 #
@@ -78,17 +81,21 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging symbolic link changes."
 		exit 1
 		;;
+	*,160000,*)
+		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging conflicting submodule changes."
+		exit 1
+		;;
 	esac
 
 	src2=`git-unpack-file $3`
 	case "$1" in
 	'')
 		echo "Added $4 in both, but differently."
-		# This extracts OUR file in $orig, and uses git-apply to
+		# This extracts OUR file in $orig, and uses git apply to
 		# remove lines that are unique to ours.
 		orig=`git-unpack-file $2`
 		sz0=`wc -c <"$orig"`
-		diff -u -La/$orig -Lb/$orig $orig $src2 | git-apply --no-add 
+		diff -u -La/$orig -Lb/$orig $orig $src2 | git apply --no-add
 		sz1=`wc -c <"$orig"`
 
 		# If we do not have enough common material, it is not
@@ -104,16 +111,23 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	# Be careful for funny filename such as "-L" in "$4", which
 	# would confuse "merge" greatly.
 	src1=`git-unpack-file $2`
-	git-merge-file "$src1" "$orig" "$src2"
+	git merge-file "$src1" "$orig" "$src2"
 	ret=$?
+	msg=
+	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
+		msg='content conflict'
+	fi
 
 	# Create the working tree file, using "our tree" version from the
 	# index, and then store the result of the merge.
-	git-checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$4" && cat "$src1" >"$4"
+	git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$4" && cat "$src1" >"$4"
 	rm -f -- "$orig" "$src1" "$src2"
 
 	if [ "$6" != "$7" ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: Permissions conflict: $5->$6,$7."
+		if [ -n "$msg" ]; then
+			msg="$msg, "
+		fi
+		msg="${msg}permissions conflict: $5->$6,$7"
 		ret=1
 	fi
 	if [ "$1" = '' ]; then
@@ -121,10 +135,10 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	fi
 
 	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: Merge conflict in $4"
+		echo "ERROR: $msg in $4"
 		exit 1
 	fi
-	exec git-update-index -- "$4"
+	exec git update-index -- "$4"
 	;;
 
 *)
diff --git a/git-merge-resolve.sh b/git-merge-resolve.sh
index 75e1de49ac..c9da747fcf 100755
--- a/git-merge-resolve.sh
+++ b/git-merge-resolve.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ do
 	esac
 done
 
-# Give up if we are given more than two remotes -- not handling octopus.
+# Give up if we are given two or more remotes -- not handling octopus.
 case "$remotes" in
 ?*' '?*)
 	exit 2 ;;
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ then
 	exit 2
 fi
 
-git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-git-read-tree -u -m --aggressive $bases $head $remotes || exit 2
+git update-index -q --refresh
+git read-tree -u -m --aggressive $bases $head $remotes || exit 2
 echo "Trying simple merge."
-if result_tree=$(git-write-tree  2>/dev/null)
+if result_tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 then
 	exit 0
 else
diff --git a/git-merge-stupid.sh b/git-merge-stupid.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 4faecb933d..0000000000
--- a/git-merge-stupid.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-#
-# Resolve two trees, 'stupid merge'.
-
-# The first parameters up to -- are merge bases; the rest are heads.
-bases= head= remotes= sep_seen=
-for arg
-do
-	case ",$sep_seen,$head,$arg," in
-	*,--,)
-		sep_seen=yes
-		;;
-	,yes,,*)
-		head=$arg
-		;;
-	,yes,*)
-		remotes="$remotes$arg "
-		;;
-	*)
-		bases="$bases$arg "
-		;;
-	esac
-done
-
-# Give up if we are given more than two remotes -- not handling octopus.
-case "$remotes" in
-?*' '?*)
-	exit 2 ;;
-esac
-
-# Find an optimum merge base if there are more than one candidates.
-case "$bases" in
-?*' '?*)
-	echo "Trying to find the optimum merge base."
-	G=.tmp-index$$
-	best=
-	best_cnt=-1
-	for c in $bases
-	do
-		rm -f $G
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git-read-tree -m $c $head $remotes \
-			 2>/dev/null ||	continue
-		# Count the paths that are unmerged.
-		cnt=`GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git-ls-files --unmerged | wc -l`
-		if test $best_cnt -le 0 -o $cnt -le $best_cnt
-		then
-			best=$c
-			best_cnt=$cnt
-			if test "$best_cnt" -eq 0
-			then
-				# Cannot do any better than all trivial merge.
-				break
-			fi
-		fi
-	done
-	rm -f $G
-	common="$best"
-	;;
-*)
-	common="$bases"
-	;;
-esac
-
-git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-git-read-tree -u -m $common $head $remotes || exit 2
-echo "Trying simple merge."
-if result_tree=$(git-write-tree  2>/dev/null)
-then
-	exit 0
-else
-	echo "Simple merge failed, trying Automatic merge."
-	if git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a
-	then
-		exit 0
-	else
-		exit 1
-	fi
-fi
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bfb01f7842
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+# git-mergetool--lib is a library for common merge tool functions
+diff_mode() {
+	test "$TOOL_MODE" = diff
+}
+
+merge_mode() {
+	test "$TOOL_MODE" = merge
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path () {
+	case "$1" in
+	vimdiff)
+		echo vim
+		;;
+	gvimdiff)
+		echo gvim
+		;;
+	emerge)
+		echo emacs
+		;;
+	araxis)
+		echo compare
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "$1"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+check_unchanged () {
+	if test "$MERGED" -nt "$BACKUP"; then
+		status=0
+	else
+		while true; do
+			echo "$MERGED seems unchanged."
+			printf "Was the merge successful? [y/n] "
+			read answer < /dev/tty
+			case "$answer" in
+			y*|Y*) status=0; break ;;
+			n*|N*) status=1; break ;;
+			esac
+		done
+	fi
+}
+
+valid_tool () {
+	case "$1" in
+	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | \
+	emerge | vimdiff | gvimdiff | ecmerge | diffuse | araxis)
+		;; # happy
+	tortoisemerge)
+		if ! merge_mode; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	kompare)
+		if ! diff_mode; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		if test -z "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+get_merge_tool_cmd () {
+	# Prints the custom command for a merge tool
+	if test -n "$1"; then
+		merge_tool="$1"
+	else
+		merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)"
+	fi
+	if diff_mode; then
+		echo "$(git config difftool.$merge_tool.cmd ||
+		        git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+	else
+		echo "$(git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+	fi
+}
+
+run_merge_tool () {
+	merge_tool_path="$(get_merge_tool_path "$1")" || exit
+	base_present="$2"
+	status=0
+
+	case "$1" in
+	kdiff3)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			else
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+				--L1 "$MERGED (A)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (B)" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+			> /dev/null 2>&1)
+		fi
+		;;
+	kompare)
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		;;
+	tkdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	meld)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	diffuse)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE" \
+					"$BASE" | cat
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE" | cat
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
+		fi
+		;;
+	vimdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	gvimdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" -f \
+				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" -f \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	xxdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X $extra \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+				-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	opendiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-ancestor "$BASE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
+		fi
+		;;
+	ecmerge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					--default --mode=merge3 --to="$MERGED"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					--default --mode=merge2 --to="$MERGED"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" --default --mode=diff2 \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	emerge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-f emerge-files-with-ancestor-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" \
+					"$(basename "$MERGED")"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-f emerge-files-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					"$(basename "$MERGED")"
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-command \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	tortoisemerge)
+		if $base_present; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-base:"$BASE" -mine:"$LOCAL" \
+				-theirs:"$REMOTE" -merged:"$MERGED"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			echo "TortoiseMerge cannot be used without a base" 1>&2
+			status=1
+		fi
+		;;
+	araxis)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				>/dev/null 2>&1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+		if test -z "$merge_tool_cmd"; then
+			if merge_mode; then
+				status=1
+			fi
+			break
+		fi
+		if merge_mode; then
+			trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool \
+				mergetool."$1".trustExitCode || echo false)"
+			if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"; then
+				touch "$BACKUP"
+				( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+				check_unchanged
+			else
+				( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+				status=$?
+			fi
+		else
+			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+	return $status
+}
+
+guess_merge_tool () {
+	if merge_mode; then
+		tools="tortoisemerge"
+	else
+		tools="kompare"
+	fi
+	if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
+		if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" ; then
+			tools="meld opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff $tools"
+		else
+			tools="opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld $tools"
+		fi
+		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge araxis"
+	fi
+	if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep emacs > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		# $EDITOR is emacs so add emerge as a candidate
+		tools="$tools emerge vimdiff"
+	elif echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep vim > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		# $EDITOR is vim so add vimdiff as a candidate
+		tools="$tools vimdiff emerge"
+	else
+		tools="$tools emerge vimdiff"
+	fi
+	echo >&2 "merge tool candidates: $tools"
+
+	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
+	for i in $tools
+	do
+		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$i")"
+		if type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+			echo "$i"
+			return 0
+		fi
+	done
+
+	echo >&2 "No known merge resolution program available."
+	return 1
+}
+
+get_configured_merge_tool () {
+	# Diff mode first tries diff.tool and falls back to merge.tool.
+	# Merge mode only checks merge.tool
+	if diff_mode; then
+		merge_tool=$(git config diff.tool || git config merge.tool)
+	else
+		merge_tool=$(git config merge.tool)
+	fi
+	if test -n "$merge_tool" && ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
+		echo >&2 "git config option $TOOL_MODE.tool set to unknown tool: $merge_tool"
+		echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
+		return 1
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool"
+}
+
+get_merge_tool_path () {
+	# A merge tool has been set, so verify that it's valid.
+	if test -n "$1"; then
+		merge_tool="$1"
+	else
+		merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)"
+	fi
+	if ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
+		echo >&2 "Unknown merge tool $merge_tool"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	if diff_mode; then
+		merge_tool_path=$(git config difftool."$merge_tool".path ||
+		                  git config mergetool."$merge_tool".path)
+	else
+		merge_tool_path=$(git config mergetool."$merge_tool".path)
+	fi
+	if test -z "$merge_tool_path"; then
+		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$merge_tool")"
+	fi
+	if test -z "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$merge_tool")" &&
+	! type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		echo >&2 "The $TOOL_MODE tool $merge_tool is not available as"\
+		         "'$merge_tool_path'"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool_path"
+}
+
+get_merge_tool () {
+	# Check if a merge tool has been configured
+	merge_tool=$(get_configured_merge_tool)
+	# Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
+	if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
+		merge_tool="$(guess_merge_tool)" || exit
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool"
+}
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index e62351bcba..b52a7410bc 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -5,12 +5,15 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Theodore Y. Ts'o
 #
 # This file is licensed under the GPL v2, or a later version
-# at the discretion of Junio C Hammano.
+# at the discretion of Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--tool=tool] [file to merge] ...'
+USAGE='[--tool=tool] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [file to merge] ...'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
+TOOL_MODE=merge
 . git-sh-setup
+. git-mergetool--lib
 require_work_tree
 
 # Returns true if the mode reflects a symlink
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ base_present () {
 
 cleanup_temp_files () {
     if test "$1" = --save-backup ; then
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$path.orig"
+	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
 	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE"
     else
 	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$BACKUP"
@@ -65,19 +68,19 @@ resolve_symlink_merge () {
 	read ans
 	case "$ans" in
 	    [lL]*)
-		git-checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$path"
-		git-add -- "$path"
+		git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
+		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [rR]*)
-		git-checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$path"
-		git-add -- "$path"
+		git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
+		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [aA]*)
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 		;;
 	    esac
 	done
@@ -93,81 +96,62 @@ resolve_deleted_merge () {
 	read ans
 	case "$ans" in
 	    [mMcC]*)
-		git-add -- "$path"
+		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [dD]*)
-		git-rm -- "$path" > /dev/null
+		git rm -- "$MERGED" > /dev/null
 		cleanup_temp_files
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [aA]*)
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 		;;
 	    esac
 	done
 }
 
-check_unchanged () {
-    if test "$path" -nt "$BACKUP" ; then
-	status=0;
-    else
-	while true; do
-	    echo "$path seems unchanged."
-	    printf "Was the merge successful? [y/n] "
-	    read answer < /dev/tty
-	    case "$answer" in
-		y*|Y*) status=0; break ;;
-		n*|N*) status=1; break ;;
-	    esac
-	done
-    fi
-}
-
-save_backup () {
-    if test "$status" -eq 0; then
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$path.orig"
-    fi
-}
+checkout_staged_file () {
+    tmpfile=$(expr "$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2")" : '\([^	]*\)	')
 
-remove_backup () {
-    if test "$status" -eq 0; then
-	rm "$BACKUP"
+    if test $? -eq 0 -a -n "$tmpfile" ; then
+	mv -- "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)$tmpfile" "$3"
     fi
 }
 
 merge_file () {
-    path="$1"
+    MERGED="$1"
 
-    f=`git-ls-files -u -- "$path"`
+    f=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED")
     if test -z "$f" ; then
-	if test ! -f "$path" ; then
-	    echo "$path: file not found"
+	if test ! -f "$MERGED" ; then
+	    echo "$MERGED: file not found"
 	else
-	    echo "$path: file does not need merging"
+	    echo "$MERGED: file does not need merging"
 	fi
-	exit 1
+	return 1
     fi
 
-    BACKUP="$path.BACKUP.$$"
-    LOCAL="$path.LOCAL.$$"
-    REMOTE="$path.REMOTE.$$"
-    BASE="$path.BASE.$$"
+    ext="$$$(expr "$MERGED" : '.*\(\.[^/]*\)$')"
+    BACKUP="./$MERGED.BACKUP.$ext"
+    LOCAL="./$MERGED.LOCAL.$ext"
+    REMOTE="./$MERGED.REMOTE.$ext"
+    BASE="./$MERGED.BASE.$ext"
 
-    mv -- "$path" "$BACKUP"
-    cp -- "$BACKUP" "$path"
+    mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+    cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
 
-    base_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$path" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}'`
-    local_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$path" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}'`
-    remote_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$path" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}'`
+    base_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}')
+    local_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}')
+    remote_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}')
 
-    base_present   && git cat-file blob ":1:$path" > "$BASE" 2>/dev/null
-    local_present  && git cat-file blob ":2:$path" > "$LOCAL" 2>/dev/null
-    remote_present && git cat-file blob ":3:$path" > "$REMOTE" 2>/dev/null
+    base_present   && checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
+    local_present  && checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
+    remote_present && checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
 
     if test -z "$local_mode" -o -z "$remote_mode"; then
-	echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$path':"
+	echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
 	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
 	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
 	resolve_deleted_merge
@@ -175,100 +159,58 @@ merge_file () {
     fi
 
     if is_symlink "$local_mode" || is_symlink "$remote_mode"; then
-	echo "Symbolic link merge conflict for '$path':"
+	echo "Symbolic link merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
 	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
 	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
 	resolve_symlink_merge
 	return
     fi
 
-    echo "Normal merge conflict for '$path':"
+    echo "Normal merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
     describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
     describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
-    printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
-    read ans
-
-    case "$merge_tool" in
-	kdiff3)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		(kdiff3 --auto --L1 "$path (Base)" -L2 "$path (Local)" --L3 "$path (Remote)" \
-		    -o "$path" -- "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" > /dev/null 2>&1)
-	    else
-		(kdiff3 --auto -L1 "$path (Local)" --L2 "$path (Remote)" \
-		    -o "$path" -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" > /dev/null 2>&1)
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    remove_backup
-	    ;;
-	tkdiff)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		tkdiff -a "$BASE" -o "$path" -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    else
-		tkdiff -o "$path" -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    save_backup
-	    ;;
-	meld|vimdiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    $merge_tool -- "$LOCAL" "$path" "$REMOTE"
-	    check_unchanged
-	    save_backup
-	    ;;
-	xxdiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    if base_present ; then
-		xxdiff -X --show-merged-pane \
-		    -R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-		    --merged-file "$path" -- "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
-	    else
-		xxdiff -X --show-merged-pane \
-		    -R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-		    --merged-file "$path" -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    fi
-	    check_unchanged
-	    save_backup
-	    ;;
-	opendiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    if base_present; then
-		opendiff "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$path" | cat
-	    else
-		opendiff "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merge "$path" | cat
-	    fi
-	    check_unchanged
-	    save_backup
-	    ;;
-	emerge)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		emacs -f emerge-files-with-ancestor-command "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$path"
-	    else
-		emacs -f emerge-files-command "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$path"
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    save_backup
-	    ;;
-    esac
-    if test "$status" -ne 0; then
-	echo "merge of $path failed" 1>&2
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$path"
-	exit 1
+    if "$prompt" = true; then
+	printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
+	read ans
+    fi
+
+    if base_present; then
+	    present=true
+    else
+	    present=false
+    fi
+
+    if ! run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" "$present"; then
+	echo "merge of $MERGED failed" 1>&2
+	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
+
+	if test "$merge_keep_temporaries" = "false"; then
+	    cleanup_temp_files
+	fi
+
+	return 1
     fi
-    git add -- "$path"
+
+    if test "$merge_keep_backup" = "true"; then
+	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
+    else
+	rm -- "$BACKUP"
+    fi
+
+    git add -- "$MERGED"
     cleanup_temp_files
+    return 0
 }
 
-while case $# in 0) break ;; esac
+prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt || echo true)
+
+while test $# != 0
 do
     case "$1" in
 	-t|--tool*)
 	    case "$#,$1" in
 		*,*=*)
-		    merge_tool=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		    merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
 		    ;;
 		1,*)
 		    usage ;;
@@ -277,7 +219,14 @@ do
 		    shift ;;
 	    esac
 	    ;;
+	-y|--no-prompt)
+	    prompt=false
+	    ;;
+	--prompt)
+	    prompt=true
+	    ;;
 	--)
+	    shift
 	    break
 	    ;;
 	-*)
@@ -290,76 +239,67 @@ do
     shift
 done
 
-if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
-    merge_tool=`git-config merge.tool`
-    case "$merge_tool" in
-	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | emerge | vimdiff | "")
-	    ;; # happy
-	*)
-	    echo >&2 "git config option merge.tool set to unknown tool: $merge_tool"
-	    echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
-	    unset merge_tool
-	    ;;
-    esac
-fi
+prompt_after_failed_merge() {
+    while true; do
+	printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths (y/n) ? "
+	read ans
+	case "$ans" in
 
-if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
-    if type kdiff3 >/dev/null 2>&1 && test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-	merge_tool="kdiff3";
-    elif type tkdiff >/dev/null 2>&1 && test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-	merge_tool=tkdiff
-    elif type xxdiff >/dev/null 2>&1 && test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-	merge_tool=xxdiff
-    elif type meld >/dev/null 2>&1 && test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-	merge_tool=meld
-    elif type opendiff >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-	merge_tool=opendiff
-    elif type emacs >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-	merge_tool=emerge
-    elif type vimdiff >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-	merge_tool=vimdiff
-    else
-	echo "No available merge resolution programs available."
-	exit 1
-    fi
+	    [yY]*)
+		return 0
+		;;
+
+	    [nN]*)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	esac
+    done
+}
+
+if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
+    merge_tool=$(get_merge_tool "$merge_tool") || exit
 fi
+merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepBackup || echo true)"
+merge_keep_temporaries="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepTemporaries || echo false)"
 
-case "$merge_tool" in
-    kdiff3|tkdiff|meld|xxdiff|vimdiff|opendiff)
-	if ! type "$merge_tool" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-	    echo "The merge tool $merge_tool is not available"
-	    exit 1
-	fi
-	;;
-    emerge)
-	if ! type "emacs" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-	    echo "Emacs is not available"
-	    exit 1
-	fi
-	;;
-    *)
-	echo "Unknown merge tool: $merge_tool"
-	exit 1
-	;;
-esac
+last_status=0
+rollup_status=0
 
 if test $# -eq 0 ; then
-	files=`git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u`
-	if test -z "$files" ; then
-		echo "No files need merging"
-		exit 0
+    files=$(git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
+    if test -z "$files" ; then
+	echo "No files need merging"
+	exit 0
+    fi
+    echo Merging the files: "$files"
+    git ls-files -u |
+    sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' |
+    sort -u |
+    while IFS= read i
+    do
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    prompt_after_failed_merge < /dev/tty || exit 1
 	fi
-	echo Merging the files: $files
-	git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u | while read i
-	do
-		printf "\n"
-		merge_file "$i" < /dev/tty > /dev/tty
-	done
+	printf "\n"
+	merge_file "$i" < /dev/tty > /dev/tty
+	last_status=$?
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    rollup_status=1
+	fi
+    done
 else
-	while test $# -gt 0; do
-		printf "\n"
-		merge_file "$1"
-		shift
-	done
+    while test $# -gt 0; do
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
+	fi
+	printf "\n"
+	merge_file "$1"
+	last_status=$?
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    rollup_status=1
+	fi
+	shift
+    done
 fi
-exit 0
+
+exit $rollup_status
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index 437b0c3b1b..5f47b18141 100755
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 # git-ls-remote could be called from outside a git managed repository;
 # this would fail in that case and would issue an error message.
-GIT_DIR=$(git-rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null) || :;
+GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse -q --git-dir) || :;
 
 get_data_source () {
 	case "$1" in
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ get_data_source () {
 		echo self
 		;;
 	*)
-		if test "$(git-config --get "remote.$1.url")"
+		if test "$(git config --get "remote.$1.url")"
 		then
 			echo config
 		elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1"
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ get_remote_url () {
 		echo "$1"
 		;;
 	config)
-		git-config --get "remote.$1.url"
+		git config --get "remote.$1.url"
 		;;
 	remotes)
 		sed -ne '/^URL: */{
@@ -55,210 +55,41 @@ get_remote_url () {
 }
 
 get_default_remote () {
-	curr_branch=$(git-symbolic-ref -q HEAD | sed -e 's|^refs/heads/||')
-	origin=$(git-config --get "branch.$curr_branch.remote")
+	curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD | sed -e 's|^refs/heads/||')
+	origin=$(git config --get "branch.$curr_branch.remote")
 	echo ${origin:-origin}
 }
 
-get_remote_default_refs_for_push () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	'' | branches | self)
-		;; # no default push mapping, just send matching refs.
-	config)
-		git-config --get-all "remote.$1.push" ;;
-	remotes)
-		sed -ne '/^Push: */{
-			s///p
-		}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1" ;;
-	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-push $1" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-# Called from canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$remote", which
-# is called from get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch to grok
-# refspecs that are retrieved from the configuration, but not
-# from get_remote_refs_for_fetch when it deals with refspecs
-# supplied on the command line.  $ls_remote_result has the list
-# of refs available at remote.
-#
-# The first token returned is either "explicit" or "glob"; this
-# is to help prevent randomly "globbed" ref from being chosen as
-# a merge candidate
-expand_refs_wildcard () {
-	echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-	git fetch--tool expand-refs-wildcard "-" "$@"
-}
-
-# Subroutine to canonicalize remote:local notation.
-canon_refs_list_for_fetch () {
-	# If called from get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch
-	# leave the branches in branch.${curr_branch}.merge alone,
-	# or the first one otherwise; add prefix . to the rest
-	# to prevent the secondary branches to be merged by default.
-	merge_branches=
-	curr_branch=
-	if test "$1" = "-d"
-	then
-		shift ; remote="$1" ; shift
-		set $(expand_refs_wildcard "$remote" "$@")
-		is_explicit="$1"
-		shift
-		if test "$remote" = "$(get_default_remote)"
-		then
-			curr_branch=$(git-symbolic-ref -q HEAD | \
-			    sed -e 's|^refs/heads/||')
-			merge_branches=$(git-config \
-			    --get-all "branch.${curr_branch}.merge")
-		fi
-		if test -z "$merge_branches" && test $is_explicit != explicit
-		then
-			merge_branches=..this.will.never.match.any.ref..
-		fi
-	fi
-	for ref
-	do
-		force=
-		case "$ref" in
-		+*)
-			ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z+\(.*\)')
-			force=+
-			;;
-		esac
-		expr "z$ref" : 'z.*:' >/dev/null || ref="${ref}:"
-		remote=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\([^:]*\):')
-		local=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z[^:]*:\(.*\)')
-		dot_prefix=.
-		if test -z "$merge_branches"
-		then
-			merge_branches=$remote
-			dot_prefix=
-		else
-			for merge_branch in $merge_branches
-			do
-			    [ "$remote" = "$merge_branch" ] &&
-			    dot_prefix= && break
-			done
-		fi
-		case "$remote" in
-		'' | HEAD ) remote=HEAD ;;
-		refs/heads/* | refs/tags/* | refs/remotes/*) ;;
-		heads/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) remote="refs/$remote" ;;
-		*) remote="refs/heads/$remote" ;;
-		esac
-		case "$local" in
-		'') local= ;;
-		refs/heads/* | refs/tags/* | refs/remotes/*) ;;
-		heads/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) local="refs/$local" ;;
-		*) local="refs/heads/$local" ;;
-		esac
-
-		if local_ref_name=$(expr "z$local" : 'zrefs/\(.*\)')
-		then
-		   git-check-ref-format "$local_ref_name" ||
-		   die "* refusing to create funny ref '$local_ref_name' locally"
-		fi
-		echo "${dot_prefix}${force}${remote}:${local}"
-	done
-}
-
-# Returns list of src: (no store), or src:dst (store)
-get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	'')
-		echo "HEAD:" ;;
-	self)
-	        canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
-			$(git-for-each-ref --format='%(refname):')
-		;;
-	config)
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
-			$(git-config --get-all "remote.$1.fetch") ;;
-	branches)
-		remote_branch=$(sed -ne '/#/s/.*#//p' "$GIT_DIR/branches/$1")
-		case "$remote_branch" in '') remote_branch=master ;; esac
-		echo "refs/heads/${remote_branch}:refs/heads/$1"
-		;;
-	remotes)
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" $(sed -ne '/^Pull: */{
-						s///p
-					}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1")
-		;;
-	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-fetch $1" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-get_remote_refs_for_push () {
+get_remote_merge_branch () {
 	case "$#" in
-	0) die "internal error: get-remote-refs-for-push." ;;
-	1) get_remote_default_refs_for_push "$@" ;;
-	*) shift; echo "$@" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-get_remote_refs_for_fetch () {
-	case "$#" in
-	0)
-	    die "internal error: get-remote-refs-for-fetch." ;;
-	1)
-	    get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch "$@" ;;
-	*)
-	    shift
-	    tag_just_seen=
-	    for ref
-	    do
-		if test "$tag_just_seen"
-		then
-		    echo "refs/tags/${ref}:refs/tags/${ref}"
-		    tag_just_seen=
-		    continue
-		else
-		    case "$ref" in
-		    tag)
-			tag_just_seen=yes
-			continue
-			;;
-		    esac
-		fi
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch "$ref"
-	    done
+	0|1)
+	    origin="$1"
+	    default=$(get_default_remote)
+	    test -z "$origin" && origin=$default
+	    curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	    [ "$origin" = "$default" ] &&
+	    echo $(git for-each-ref --format='%(upstream)' $curr_branch)
 	    ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-resolve_alternates () {
-	# original URL (xxx.git)
-	top_=`expr "z$1" : 'z\([^:]*:/*[^/]*\)/'`
-	while read path
-	do
-		case "$path" in
-		\#* | '')
-			continue ;;
-		/*)
-			echo "$top_$path/" ;;
-		../*)
-			# relative -- ugly but seems to work.
-			echo "$1/objects/$path/" ;;
-		*)
-			# exit code may not be caught by the reader.
-			echo "bad alternate: $path"
-			exit 1 ;;
-		esac
-	done
-}
-
-get_uploadpack () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	config)
-		uplp=$(git-config --get "remote.$1.uploadpack")
-		echo ${uplp:-git-upload-pack}
-		;;
 	*)
-		echo "git-upload-pack"
+	    repo=$1
+	    shift
+	    ref=$1
+	    # FIXME: It should return the tracking branch
+	    #        Currently only works with the default mapping
+	    case "$ref" in
+	    +*)
+		ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z+\(.*\)')
 		;;
+	    esac
+	    expr "z$ref" : 'z.*:' >/dev/null || ref="${ref}:"
+	    remote=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\([^:]*\):')
+	    case "$remote" in
+	    '' | HEAD ) remote=HEAD ;;
+	    heads/*) remote=${remote#heads/} ;;
+	    refs/heads/*) remote=${remote#refs/heads/} ;;
+	    refs/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) remote=
+	    esac
+
+	    [ -n "$remote" ] && echo "refs/remotes/$repo/$remote"
 	esac
 }
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index a3665d7751..4b78a0cd37 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -4,9 +4,10 @@
 #
 # Fetch one or more remote refs and merge it/them into the current HEAD.
 
-USAGE='[-n | --no-summary] [--no-commit] [-s strategy]... [<fetch-options>] <repo> <head>...'
+USAGE='[-n | --no-stat] [--[no-]commit] [--[no-]squash] [--[no-]ff] [-s strategy]... [<fetch-options>] <repo> <head>...'
 LONG_USAGE='Fetch one or more remote refs and merge it/them into the current HEAD.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 set_reflog_action "pull $*"
 require_work_tree
@@ -15,17 +16,35 @@ cd_to_toplevel
 test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" ||
 	die "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge."
 
-strategy_args= no_summary= no_commit= squash=
-while case "$#,$1" in 0) break ;; *,-*) ;; *) break ;; esac
+strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= log_arg= verbosity=
+curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+curr_branch_short=$(echo "$curr_branch" | sed "s|refs/heads/||")
+rebase=$(git config --bool branch.$curr_branch_short.rebase)
+while :
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-s|--no-su|--no-sum|--no-summ|\
-		--no-summa|--no-summar|--no-summary)
-		no_summary=-n ;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		verbosity="$verbosity -q" ;;
+	-v|--verbose)
+		verbosity="$verbosity -v" ;;
+	-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
+		diffstat=--no-stat ;;
+	--stat|--summary)
+		diffstat=--stat ;;
+	--log|--no-log)
+		log_arg=$1 ;;
 	--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|--no-commi|--no-commit)
 		no_commit=--no-commit ;;
+	--c|--co|--com|--comm|--commi|--commit)
+		no_commit=--commit ;;
 	--sq|--squ|--squa|--squas|--squash)
 		squash=--squash ;;
+	--no-sq|--no-squ|--no-squa|--no-squas|--no-squash)
+		squash=--no-squash ;;
+	--ff)
+		no_ff=--ff ;;
+	--no-ff)
+		no_ff=--no-ff ;;
 	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
 		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
 	-s|--s|--st|--str|--stra|--strat|--strate|--strateg|--strategy)
@@ -40,22 +59,81 @@ do
 		esac
 		strategy_args="${strategy_args}-s $strategy "
 		;;
+	-r|--r|--re|--reb|--reba|--rebas|--rebase)
+		rebase=true
+		;;
+	--no-r|--no-re|--no-reb|--no-reba|--no-rebas|--no-rebase)
+		rebase=false
+		;;
 	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
 		usage
 		;;
-	-*)
-		# Pass thru anything that is meant for fetch.
+	*)
+		# Pass thru anything that may be meant for fetch.
 		break
 		;;
 	esac
 	shift
 done
 
-orig_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
-git-fetch --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
+error_on_no_merge_candidates () {
+	exec >&2
+	for opt
+	do
+		case "$opt" in
+		-t|--t|--ta|--tag|--tags)
+			echo "Fetching tags only, you probably meant:"
+			echo "  git fetch --tags"
+			exit 1
+		esac
+	done
+
+	curr_branch=${curr_branch#refs/heads/}
+
+	if [ -z "$curr_branch" ]; then
+		echo "You are not currently on a branch, so I cannot use any"
+		echo "'branch.<branchname>.merge' in your configuration file."
+		echo "Please specify which branch you want to merge on the command"
+		echo "line and try again (e.g. 'git pull <repository> <refspec>')."
+		echo "See git-pull(1) for details."
+	else
+		echo "You asked me to pull without telling me which branch you"
+		echo "want to merge with, and 'branch.${curr_branch}.merge' in"
+		echo "your configuration file does not tell me either.	Please"
+		echo "specify which branch you want to merge on the command line and"
+		echo "try again (e.g. 'git pull <repository> <refspec>')."
+		echo "See git-pull(1) for details."
+		echo
+		echo "If you often merge with the same branch, you may want to"
+		echo "configure the following variables in your configuration"
+		echo "file:"
+		echo
+		echo "    branch.${curr_branch}.remote = <nickname>"
+		echo "    branch.${curr_branch}.merge = <remote-ref>"
+		echo "    remote.<nickname>.url = <url>"
+		echo "    remote.<nickname>.fetch = <refspec>"
+		echo
+		echo "See git-config(1) for details."
+	fi
+	exit 1
+}
 
-curr_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
-if test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
+test true = "$rebase" && {
+	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --ignore-submodules --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
+	die "refusing to pull with rebase: your working tree is not up-to-date"
+
+	. git-parse-remote &&
+	reflist="$(get_remote_merge_branch "$@" 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	oldremoteref="$(git rev-parse -q --verify \
+		"$reflist")"
+}
+orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
+git fetch $verbosity --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
+
+curr_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
+if test -n "$orig_head" && test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
 then
 	# The fetch involved updating the current branch.
 
@@ -66,8 +144,8 @@ then
 	echo >&2 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head."
 	echo >&2 "Warning: fast forwarding your working tree from"
 	echo >&2 "Warning: commit $orig_head."
-	git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	git-read-tree -u -m "$orig_head" "$curr_head" ||
+	git update-index -q --refresh
+	git read-tree -u -m "$orig_head" "$curr_head" ||
 		die 'Cannot fast-forward your working tree.
 After making sure that you saved anything precious from
 $ git diff '$orig_head'
@@ -83,38 +161,37 @@ merge_head=$(sed -e '/	not-for-merge	/d' \
 
 case "$merge_head" in
 '')
-	curr_branch=$(git-symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
 	case $? in
-	  0) ;;
-	  1) echo >&2 "You are not currently on a branch; you must explicitly"
-	     echo >&2 "specify which branch you wish to merge:"
-	     echo >&2 "  git pull <remote> <branch>"
-	     exit 1;;
-	  *) exit $?;;
+	0) error_on_no_merge_candidates "$@";;
+	1) echo >&2 "You are not currently on a branch; you must explicitly"
+	   echo >&2 "specify which branch you wish to merge:"
+	   echo >&2 "  git pull <remote> <branch>"
+	   exit 1;;
+	*) exit $?;;
 	esac
-	curr_branch=${curr_branch#refs/heads/}
-
-	echo >&2 "Warning: No merge candidate found because value of config option
-         \"branch.${curr_branch}.merge\" does not match any remote branch fetched."
-	echo >&2 "No changes."
-	exit 0
 	;;
 ?*' '?*)
 	if test -z "$orig_head"
 	then
-		echo >&2 "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-		exit 1
+		die "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+	fi
+	if test true = "$rebase"
+	then
+		die "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 	fi
 	;;
 esac
 
 if test -z "$orig_head"
 then
-	git-update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD $merge_head "" &&
-	git-read-tree --reset -u HEAD || exit 1
+	git update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD $merge_head "$curr_head" &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD || exit 1
 	exit
 fi
 
-merge_name=$(git-fmt-merge-msg <"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD") || exit
-exec git-merge $no_summary $no_commit $squash $strategy_args \
-	"$merge_name" HEAD $merge_head
+merge_name=$(git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg <"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD") || exit
+test true = "$rebase" &&
+	exec git-rebase $diffstat $strategy_args --onto $merge_head \
+	${oldremoteref:-$merge_head}
+exec git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $squash $no_ff $log_arg $strategy_args \
+	"$merge_name" HEAD $merge_head $verbosity
diff --git a/git-quiltimport.sh b/git-quiltimport.sh
index edccd82755..9a6ba2b987 100755
--- a/git-quiltimport.sh
+++ b/git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -1,46 +1,39 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-USAGE='--dry-run --author <author> --patches </path/to/quilt/patch/directory>'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git quiltimport [options]
+--
+n,dry-run     dry run
+author=       author name and email address for patches without any
+patches=      path to the quilt series and patches
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_ON=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
 
 dry_run=""
 quilt_author=""
-while case "$#" in 0) break;; esac
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	--au=*|--aut=*|--auth=*|--autho=*|--author=*)
-		quilt_author=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*\(.*\)')
-		shift
-		;;
-
-	--au|--aut|--auth|--autho|--author)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
+	--author)
 		shift
 		quilt_author="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
-
-	--dry-run)
-		shift
+	-n|--dry-run)
 		dry_run=1
 		;;
-
-	--pa=*|--pat=*|--patc=*|--patch=*|--patche=*|--patches=*)
-		QUILT_PATCHES=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*\(.*\)')
-		shift
-		;;
-
-	--pa|--pat|--patc|--patch|--patche|--patches)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
+	--patches)
 		shift
 		QUILT_PATCHES="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
-
+	--)
+		shift
+		break;;
 	*)
-		break
+		usage
 		;;
 	esac
+	shift
 done
 
 # Quilt Author
@@ -60,27 +53,49 @@ if ! [ -d "$QUILT_PATCHES" ] ; then
 fi
 
 # Temporary directories
-tmp_dir=.dotest
+tmp_dir="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
 tmp_msg="$tmp_dir/msg"
 tmp_patch="$tmp_dir/patch"
 tmp_info="$tmp_dir/info"
 
 
 # Find the intial commit
-commit=$(git-rev-parse HEAD)
+commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 
 mkdir $tmp_dir || exit 2
-for patch_name in $(cat "$QUILT_PATCHES/series" | grep -v '^#'); do
+while read patch_name level garbage <&3
+do
+	case "$patch_name" in ''|'#'*) continue;; esac
+	case "$level" in
+	-p*)	;;
+	''|'#'*)
+		level=;;
+	*)
+		echo "unable to parse patch level, ignoring it."
+		level=;;
+	esac
+	case "$garbage" in
+	''|'#'*);;
+	*)
+		echo "trailing garbage found in series file: $garbage"
+		exit 1;;
+	esac
+	if ! [ -f "$QUILT_PATCHES/$patch_name" ] ; then
+		echo "$patch_name doesn't exist. Skipping."
+		continue
+	fi
 	echo $patch_name
-	(cat $QUILT_PATCHES/$patch_name | git-mailinfo "$tmp_msg" "$tmp_patch" > "$tmp_info") || exit 3
-	test -s $dotest/patch || {
-		echo "Patch is empty.  Was is split wrong?"
-		stop_here $this
+	git mailinfo "$tmp_msg" "$tmp_patch" \
+		<"$QUILT_PATCHES/$patch_name" >"$tmp_info" || exit 3
+	test -s "$tmp_patch" || {
+		echo "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?"
+		exit 1
 	}
 
 	# Parse the author information
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$(sed -ne 's/Author: //p' "$tmp_info")
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=$(sed -ne 's/Email: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$(sed -ne 's/Author: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=$(sed -ne 's/Email: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	while test -z "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" && test -z "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" ; do
 		if [ -n "$quilt_author" ] ; then
 			GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$quilt_author_name";
@@ -106,17 +121,18 @@ for patch_name in $(cat "$QUILT_PATCHES/series" | grep -v '^#'); do
 			GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$patch_author_email"
 		fi
 	done
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=$(sed -ne 's/Date: //p' "$tmp_info")
-	export SUBJECT=$(sed -ne 's/Subject: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=$(sed -ne 's/Date: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	SUBJECT=$(sed -ne 's/Subject: //p' "$tmp_info")
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE SUBJECT
 	if [ -z "$SUBJECT" ] ; then
 		SUBJECT=$(echo $patch_name | sed -e 's/.patch$//')
 	fi
 
 	if [ -z "$dry_run" ] ; then
-		git-apply --index -C1 "$tmp_patch" &&
-		tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-		commit=$( (echo "$SUBJECT"; echo; cat "$tmp_msg") | git-commit-tree $tree -p $commit) &&
-		git-update-ref -m "quiltimport: $patch_name" HEAD $commit || exit 4
+		git apply --index -C1 ${level:+"$level"} "$tmp_patch" &&
+		tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+		commit=$( (echo "$SUBJECT"; echo; cat "$tmp_msg") | git commit-tree $tree -p $commit) &&
+		git update-ref -m "quiltimport: $patch_name" HEAD $commit || exit 4
 	fi
-done
+done 3<"$QUILT_PATCHES/series"
 rm -rf $tmp_dir || exit 5
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f96d887d23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,780 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Johannes E. Schindelin
+
+# SHORT DESCRIPTION
+#
+# This script makes it easy to fix up commits in the middle of a series,
+# and rearrange commits.
+#
+# The original idea comes from Eric W. Biederman, in
+# http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/22407
+
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-rebase [-i] [options] [--] <upstream> [<branch>]
+git-rebase [-i] (--continue | --abort | --skip)
+--
+ Available options are
+v,verbose          display a diffstat of what changed upstream
+onto=              rebase onto given branch instead of upstream
+p,preserve-merges  try to recreate merges instead of ignoring them
+s,strategy=        use the given merge strategy
+m,merge            always used (no-op)
+i,interactive      always used (no-op)
+ Actions:
+continue           continue rebasing process
+abort              abort rebasing process and restore original branch
+skip               skip current patch and continue rebasing process
+no-verify          override pre-rebase hook from stopping the operation
+root               rebase all reachable commmits up to the root(s)
+"
+
+. git-sh-setup
+require_work_tree
+
+DOTEST="$GIT_DIR/rebase-merge"
+TODO="$DOTEST"/git-rebase-todo
+DONE="$DOTEST"/done
+MSG="$DOTEST"/message
+SQUASH_MSG="$DOTEST"/message-squash
+REWRITTEN="$DOTEST"/rewritten
+DROPPED="$DOTEST"/dropped
+PRESERVE_MERGES=
+STRATEGY=
+ONTO=
+VERBOSE=
+OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=
+REBASE_ROOT=
+
+GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="  After resolving the conflicts,
+mark the corrected paths with 'git add <paths>', and
+run 'git rebase --continue'"
+export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP
+
+warn () {
+	echo "$*" >&2
+}
+
+output () {
+	case "$VERBOSE" in
+	'')
+		output=$("$@" 2>&1 )
+		status=$?
+		test $status != 0 && printf "%s\n" "$output"
+		return $status
+		;;
+	*)
+		"$@"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+run_pre_rebase_hook () {
+	if test -z "$OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE" &&
+	   test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
+	then
+		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} || {
+			echo >&2 "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+			exit 1
+		}
+	fi
+}
+
+require_clean_work_tree () {
+	# test if working tree is dirty
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD > /dev/null &&
+	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules &&
+	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD --ignore-submodules -- ||
+	die "Working tree is dirty"
+}
+
+ORIG_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
+
+comment_for_reflog () {
+	case "$ORIG_REFLOG_ACTION" in
+	''|rebase*)
+		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="rebase -i ($1)"
+		export GIT_REFLOG_ACTION
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+last_count=
+mark_action_done () {
+	sed -e 1q < "$TODO" >> "$DONE"
+	sed -e 1d < "$TODO" >> "$TODO".new
+	mv -f "$TODO".new "$TODO"
+	count=$(grep -c '^[^#]' < "$DONE")
+	total=$(($count+$(grep -c '^[^#]' < "$TODO")))
+	if test "$last_count" != "$count"
+	then
+		last_count=$count
+		printf "Rebasing (%d/%d)\r" $count $total
+		test -z "$VERBOSE" || echo
+	fi
+}
+
+make_patch () {
+	sha1_and_parents="$(git rev-list --parents -1 "$1")"
+	case "$sha1_and_parents" in
+	?*' '?*' '?*)
+		git diff --cc $sha1_and_parents
+		;;
+	?*' '?*)
+		git diff-tree -p "$1^!"
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Root commit"
+		;;
+	esac > "$DOTEST"/patch
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/message ||
+		git cat-file commit "$1" | sed "1,/^$/d" > "$DOTEST"/message
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/author-script ||
+		get_author_ident_from_commit "$1" > "$DOTEST"/author-script
+}
+
+die_with_patch () {
+	make_patch "$1"
+	git rerere
+	die "$2"
+}
+
+die_abort () {
+	rm -rf "$DOTEST"
+	die "$1"
+}
+
+has_action () {
+	grep '^[^#]' "$1" >/dev/null
+}
+
+pick_one () {
+	no_ff=
+	case "$1" in -n) sha1=$2; no_ff=t ;; *) sha1=$1 ;; esac
+	output git rev-parse --verify $sha1 || die "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+	test -d "$REWRITTEN" &&
+		pick_one_preserving_merges "$@" && return
+	if test ! -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+	then
+		output git cherry-pick "$@"
+		return
+	fi
+	parent_sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify $sha1^) ||
+		die "Could not get the parent of $sha1"
+	current_sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	if test "$no_ff$current_sha1" = "$parent_sha1"; then
+		output git reset --hard $sha1
+		test "a$1" = a-n && output git reset --soft $current_sha1
+		sha1=$(git rev-parse --short $sha1)
+		output warn Fast forward to $sha1
+	else
+		output git cherry-pick "$@"
+	fi
+}
+
+pick_one_preserving_merges () {
+	fast_forward=t
+	case "$1" in
+	-n)
+		fast_forward=f
+		sha1=$2
+		;;
+	*)
+		sha1=$1
+		;;
+	esac
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse $sha1)
+
+	if test -f "$DOTEST"/current-commit
+	then
+		if test "$fast_forward" = t
+		then
+			cat "$DOTEST"/current-commit | while read current_commit
+			do
+				git rev-parse HEAD > "$REWRITTEN"/$current_commit
+			done
+			rm "$DOTEST"/current-commit ||
+			die "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	echo $sha1 >> "$DOTEST"/current-commit
+
+	# rewrite parents; if none were rewritten, we can fast-forward.
+	new_parents=
+	pend=" $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)"
+	if test "$pend" = " "
+	then
+		pend=" root"
+	fi
+	while [ "$pend" != "" ]
+	do
+		p=$(expr "$pend" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
+		pend="${pend# $p}"
+
+		if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$p
+		then
+			new_p=$(cat "$REWRITTEN"/$p)
+
+			# If the todo reordered commits, and our parent is marked for
+			# rewriting, but hasn't been gotten to yet, assume the user meant to
+			# drop it on top of the current HEAD
+			if test -z "$new_p"
+			then
+				new_p=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+			fi
+
+			test $p != $new_p && fast_forward=f
+			case "$new_parents" in
+			*$new_p*)
+				;; # do nothing; that parent is already there
+			*)
+				new_parents="$new_parents $new_p"
+				;;
+			esac
+		else
+			if test -f "$DROPPED"/$p
+			then
+				fast_forward=f
+				replacement="$(cat "$DROPPED"/$p)"
+				test -z "$replacement" && replacement=root
+				pend=" $replacement$pend"
+			else
+				new_parents="$new_parents $p"
+			fi
+		fi
+	done
+	case $fast_forward in
+	t)
+		output warn "Fast forward to $sha1"
+		output git reset --hard $sha1 ||
+			die "Cannot fast forward to $sha1"
+		;;
+	f)
+		first_parent=$(expr "$new_parents" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
+
+		if [ "$1" != "-n" ]
+		then
+			# detach HEAD to current parent
+			output git checkout $first_parent 2> /dev/null ||
+				die "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+		fi
+
+		case "$new_parents" in
+		' '*' '*)
+			test "a$1" = a-n && die "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+
+			# redo merge
+			author_script=$(get_author_ident_from_commit $sha1)
+			eval "$author_script"
+			msg="$(git cat-file commit $sha1 | sed -e '1,/^$/d')"
+			# No point in merging the first parent, that's HEAD
+			new_parents=${new_parents# $first_parent}
+			if ! GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" \
+				GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" \
+				GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" \
+				output git merge $STRATEGY -m "$msg" \
+					$new_parents
+			then
+				printf "%s\n" "$msg" > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
+				die_with_patch $sha1 "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+			fi
+			;;
+		*)
+			output git cherry-pick "$@" ||
+				die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not pick $sha1"
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+nth_string () {
+	case "$1" in
+	*1[0-9]|*[04-9]) echo "$1"th;;
+	*1) echo "$1"st;;
+	*2) echo "$1"nd;;
+	*3) echo "$1"rd;;
+	esac
+}
+
+make_squash_message () {
+	if test -f "$SQUASH_MSG"; then
+		COUNT=$(($(sed -n "s/^# This is [^0-9]*\([1-9][0-9]*\).*/\1/p" \
+			< "$SQUASH_MSG" | sed -ne '$p')+1))
+		echo "# This is a combination of $COUNT commits."
+		sed -e 1d -e '2,/^./{
+			/^$/d
+		}' <"$SQUASH_MSG"
+	else
+		COUNT=2
+		echo "# This is a combination of two commits."
+		echo "# The first commit's message is:"
+		echo
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d'
+	fi
+	echo
+	echo "# This is the $(nth_string $COUNT) commit message:"
+	echo
+	git cat-file commit $1 | sed -e '1,/^$/d'
+}
+
+peek_next_command () {
+	sed -n "1s/ .*$//p" < "$TODO"
+}
+
+do_next () {
+	rm -f "$DOTEST"/message "$DOTEST"/author-script \
+		"$DOTEST"/amend || exit
+	read command sha1 rest < "$TODO"
+	case "$command" in
+	'#'*|''|noop)
+		mark_action_done
+		;;
+	pick|p)
+		comment_for_reflog pick
+
+		mark_action_done
+		pick_one $sha1 ||
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+		;;
+	edit|e)
+		comment_for_reflog edit
+
+		mark_action_done
+		pick_one $sha1 ||
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+		make_patch $sha1
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$DOTEST"/amend
+		warn "Stopped at $sha1... $rest"
+		warn "You can amend the commit now, with"
+		warn
+		warn "	git commit --amend"
+		warn
+		warn "Once you are satisfied with your changes, run"
+		warn
+		warn "	git rebase --continue"
+		warn
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	squash|s)
+		comment_for_reflog squash
+
+		test -f "$DONE" && has_action "$DONE" ||
+			die "Cannot 'squash' without a previous commit"
+
+		mark_action_done
+		make_squash_message $sha1 > "$MSG"
+		failed=f
+		author_script=$(get_author_ident_from_commit HEAD)
+		output git reset --soft HEAD^
+		pick_one -n $sha1 || failed=t
+		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
+		squash|s)
+			USE_OUTPUT=output
+			MSG_OPT=-F
+			EDIT_OR_FILE="$MSG"
+			cp "$MSG" "$SQUASH_MSG"
+			;;
+		*)
+			USE_OUTPUT=
+			MSG_OPT=
+			EDIT_OR_FILE=-e
+			rm -f "$SQUASH_MSG" || exit
+			cp "$MSG" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG
+			rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG || exit
+			;;
+		esac
+		echo "$author_script" > "$DOTEST"/author-script
+		if test $failed = f
+		then
+			# This is like --amend, but with a different message
+			eval "$author_script"
+			GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" \
+			GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" \
+			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" \
+			$USE_OUTPUT git commit --no-verify \
+				$MSG_OPT "$EDIT_OR_FILE" || failed=t
+		fi
+		if test $failed = t
+		then
+			cp "$MSG" "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
+			warn
+			warn "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+			die_with_patch $sha1 ""
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		warn "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+		die_with_patch $sha1 "Please fix this in the file $TODO."
+		;;
+	esac
+	test -s "$TODO" && return
+
+	comment_for_reflog finish &&
+	HEADNAME=$(cat "$DOTEST"/head-name) &&
+	OLDHEAD=$(cat "$DOTEST"/head) &&
+	SHORTONTO=$(git rev-parse --short $(cat "$DOTEST"/onto)) &&
+	NEWHEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	case $HEADNAME in
+	refs/*)
+		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $HEADNAME onto $SHORTONTO" &&
+		git update-ref -m "$message" $HEADNAME $NEWHEAD $OLDHEAD &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD $HEADNAME
+		;;
+	esac && {
+		test ! -f "$DOTEST"/verbose ||
+			git diff-tree --stat $(cat "$DOTEST"/head)..HEAD
+	} &&
+	rm -rf "$DOTEST" &&
+	git gc --auto &&
+	warn "Successfully rebased and updated $HEADNAME."
+
+	exit
+}
+
+do_rest () {
+	while :
+	do
+		do_next
+	done
+}
+
+# skip picking commits whose parents are unchanged
+skip_unnecessary_picks () {
+	fd=3
+	while read command sha1 rest
+	do
+		# fd=3 means we skip the command
+		case "$fd,$command,$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet $sha1^)" in
+		3,pick,"$ONTO"*|3,p,"$ONTO"*)
+			# pick a commit whose parent is current $ONTO -> skip
+			ONTO=$sha1
+			;;
+		3,#*|3,,*)
+			# copy comments
+			;;
+		*)
+			fd=1
+			;;
+		esac
+		echo "$command${sha1:+ }$sha1${rest:+ }$rest" >&$fd
+	done <"$TODO" >"$TODO.new" 3>>"$DONE" &&
+	mv -f "$TODO".new "$TODO" ||
+	die "Could not skip unnecessary pick commands"
+}
+
+# check if no other options are set
+is_standalone () {
+	test $# -eq 2 -a "$2" = '--' &&
+	test -z "$ONTO" &&
+	test -z "$PRESERVE_MERGES" &&
+	test -z "$STRATEGY" &&
+	test -z "$VERBOSE"
+}
+
+get_saved_options () {
+	test -d "$REWRITTEN" && PRESERVE_MERGES=t
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/strategy && STRATEGY="$(cat "$DOTEST"/strategy)"
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/verbose && VERBOSE=t
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/rebase-root && REBASE_ROOT=t
+}
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	--no-verify)
+		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=yes
+		;;
+	--verify)
+		;;
+	--continue)
+		is_standalone "$@" || usage
+		get_saved_options
+		comment_for_reflog continue
+
+		test -d "$DOTEST" || die "No interactive rebase running"
+
+		# Sanity check
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null ||
+			die "Cannot read HEAD"
+		git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
+			git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules ||
+			die "Working tree is dirty"
+
+		# do we have anything to commit?
+		if git diff-index --cached --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
+		then
+			: Nothing to commit -- skip this
+		else
+			. "$DOTEST"/author-script ||
+				die "Cannot find the author identity"
+			amend=
+			if test -f "$DOTEST"/amend
+			then
+				amend=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+				test "$amend" = $(cat "$DOTEST"/amend) ||
+				die "\
+You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them
+first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+				git reset --soft HEAD^ ||
+				die "Cannot rewind the HEAD"
+			fi
+			export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE &&
+			git commit --no-verify -F "$DOTEST"/message -e || {
+				test -n "$amend" && git reset --soft $amend
+				die "Could not commit staged changes."
+			}
+		fi
+
+		require_clean_work_tree
+		do_rest
+		;;
+	--abort)
+		is_standalone "$@" || usage
+		get_saved_options
+		comment_for_reflog abort
+
+		git rerere clear
+		test -d "$DOTEST" || die "No interactive rebase running"
+
+		HEADNAME=$(cat "$DOTEST"/head-name)
+		HEAD=$(cat "$DOTEST"/head)
+		case $HEADNAME in
+		refs/*)
+			git symbolic-ref HEAD $HEADNAME
+			;;
+		esac &&
+		output git reset --hard $HEAD &&
+		rm -rf "$DOTEST"
+		exit
+		;;
+	--skip)
+		is_standalone "$@" || usage
+		get_saved_options
+		comment_for_reflog skip
+
+		git rerere clear
+		test -d "$DOTEST" || die "No interactive rebase running"
+
+		output git reset --hard && do_rest
+		;;
+	-s)
+		case "$#,$1" in
+		*,*=*)
+			STRATEGY="-s "$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)') ;;
+		1,*)
+			usage ;;
+		*)
+			STRATEGY="-s $2"
+			shift ;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	-m)
+		# we use merge anyway
+		;;
+	-v)
+		VERBOSE=t
+		;;
+	-p)
+		PRESERVE_MERGES=t
+		;;
+	-i)
+		# yeah, we know
+		;;
+	--root)
+		REBASE_ROOT=t
+		;;
+	--onto)
+		shift
+		ONTO=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") ||
+			die "Does not point to a valid commit: $1"
+		;;
+	--)
+		shift
+		test -z "$REBASE_ROOT" -a $# -ge 1 -a $# -le 2 ||
+		test ! -z "$REBASE_ROOT" -a $# -le 1 || usage
+		test -d "$DOTEST" &&
+			die "Interactive rebase already started"
+
+		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
+			die "You need to set your committer info first"
+
+		if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+		then
+			UPSTREAM_ARG="$1"
+			UPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") || die "Invalid base"
+			test -z "$ONTO" && ONTO=$UPSTREAM
+			shift
+		else
+			UPSTREAM=
+			UPSTREAM_ARG=--root
+			test -z "$ONTO" &&
+				die "You must specify --onto when using --root"
+		fi
+		run_pre_rebase_hook "$UPSTREAM_ARG" "$@"
+
+		comment_for_reflog start
+
+		require_clean_work_tree
+
+		if test ! -z "$1"
+		then
+			output git show-ref --verify --quiet "refs/heads/$1" ||
+				die "Invalid branchname: $1"
+			output git checkout "$1" ||
+				die "Could not checkout $1"
+		fi
+
+		HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || die "No HEAD?"
+		mkdir "$DOTEST" || die "Could not create temporary $DOTEST"
+
+		: > "$DOTEST"/interactive || die "Could not mark as interactive"
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD > "$DOTEST"/head-name 2> /dev/null ||
+			echo "detached HEAD" > "$DOTEST"/head-name
+
+		echo $HEAD > "$DOTEST"/head
+		case "$REBASE_ROOT" in
+		'')
+			rm -f "$DOTEST"/rebase-root ;;
+		*)
+			: >"$DOTEST"/rebase-root ;;
+		esac
+		echo $ONTO > "$DOTEST"/onto
+		test -z "$STRATEGY" || echo "$STRATEGY" > "$DOTEST"/strategy
+		test t = "$VERBOSE" && : > "$DOTEST"/verbose
+		if test t = "$PRESERVE_MERGES"
+		then
+			# $REWRITTEN contains files for each commit that is
+			# reachable by at least one merge base of $HEAD and
+			# $UPSTREAM. They are not necessarily rewritten, but
+			# their children might be.
+			# This ensures that commits on merged, but otherwise
+			# unrelated side branches are left alone. (Think "X"
+			# in the man page's example.)
+			if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+			then
+				mkdir "$REWRITTEN" &&
+				for c in $(git merge-base --all $HEAD $UPSTREAM)
+				do
+					echo $ONTO > "$REWRITTEN"/$c ||
+						die "Could not init rewritten commits"
+				done
+			else
+				mkdir "$REWRITTEN" &&
+				echo $ONTO > "$REWRITTEN"/root ||
+					die "Could not init rewritten commits"
+			fi
+			# No cherry-pick because our first pass is to determine
+			# parents to rewrite and skipping dropped commits would
+			# prematurely end our probe
+			MERGES_OPTION=
+			first_after_upstream="$(git rev-list --reverse --first-parent $UPSTREAM..$HEAD | head -n 1)"
+		else
+			MERGES_OPTION="--no-merges --cherry-pick"
+		fi
+
+		SHORTHEAD=$(git rev-parse --short $HEAD)
+		SHORTONTO=$(git rev-parse --short $ONTO)
+		if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+			# this is now equivalent to ! -z "$UPSTREAM"
+		then
+			SHORTUPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --short $UPSTREAM)
+			REVISIONS=$UPSTREAM...$HEAD
+			SHORTREVISIONS=$SHORTUPSTREAM..$SHORTHEAD
+		else
+			REVISIONS=$ONTO...$HEAD
+			SHORTREVISIONS=$SHORTHEAD
+		fi
+		git rev-list $MERGES_OPTION --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit \
+			--abbrev=7 --reverse --left-right --topo-order \
+			$REVISIONS | \
+			sed -n "s/^>//p" | while read shortsha1 rest
+		do
+			if test t != "$PRESERVE_MERGES"
+			then
+				echo "pick $shortsha1 $rest" >> "$TODO"
+			else
+				sha1=$(git rev-parse $shortsha1)
+				if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+				then
+					preserve=t
+					for p in $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)
+					do
+						if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$p -a \( $p != $UPSTREAM -o $sha1 = $first_after_upstream \)
+						then
+							preserve=f
+						fi
+					done
+				else
+					preserve=f
+				fi
+				if test f = "$preserve"
+				then
+					touch "$REWRITTEN"/$sha1
+					echo "pick $shortsha1 $rest" >> "$TODO"
+				fi
+			fi
+		done
+
+		# Watch for commits that been dropped by --cherry-pick
+		if test t = "$PRESERVE_MERGES"
+		then
+			mkdir "$DROPPED"
+			# Save all non-cherry-picked changes
+			git rev-list $REVISIONS --left-right --cherry-pick | \
+				sed -n "s/^>//p" > "$DOTEST"/not-cherry-picks
+			# Now all commits and note which ones are missing in
+			# not-cherry-picks and hence being dropped
+			git rev-list $REVISIONS |
+			while read rev
+			do
+				if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$rev -a "$(grep "$rev" "$DOTEST"/not-cherry-picks)" = ""
+				then
+					# Use -f2 because if rev-list is telling us this commit is
+					# not worthwhile, we don't want to track its multiple heads,
+					# just the history of its first-parent for others that will
+					# be rebasing on top of it
+					git rev-list --parents -1 $rev | cut -d' ' -s -f2 > "$DROPPED"/$rev
+					short=$(git rev-list -1 --abbrev-commit --abbrev=7 $rev)
+					grep -v "^[a-z][a-z]* $short" <"$TODO" > "${TODO}2" ; mv "${TODO}2" "$TODO"
+					rm "$REWRITTEN"/$rev
+				fi
+			done
+		fi
+
+		test -s "$TODO" || echo noop >> "$TODO"
+		cat >> "$TODO" << EOF
+
+# Rebase $SHORTREVISIONS onto $SHORTONTO
+#
+# Commands:
+#  p, pick = use commit
+#  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
+#  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
+#
+# If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
+# However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
+#
+EOF
+
+		has_action "$TODO" ||
+			die_abort "Nothing to do"
+
+		cp "$TODO" "$TODO".backup
+		git_editor "$TODO" ||
+			die "Could not execute editor"
+
+		has_action "$TODO" ||
+			die_abort "Nothing to do"
+
+		test -d "$REWRITTEN" || skip_unnecessary_picks
+
+		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $HEAD
+		output git checkout $ONTO && do_rest
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index 1d96f32685..18bc6946cf 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[-v] [--onto <newbase>] <upstream> [<branch>]'
+USAGE='[--interactive | -i] [-v] [--force-rebase | -f] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>|--root] [<branch>] [--quiet | -q]'
 LONG_USAGE='git-rebase replaces <branch> with a new branch of the
 same name.  When the --onto option is provided the new branch starts
 out with a HEAD equal to <newbase>, otherwise it is equal to <upstream>
@@ -14,12 +14,11 @@ It is possible that a merge failure will prevent this process from being
 completely automatic.  You will have to resolve any such merge failure
 and run git rebase --continue.  Another option is to bypass the commit
 that caused the merge failure with git rebase --skip.  To restore the
-original <branch> and remove the .dotest working files, use the command
-git rebase --abort instead.
+original <branch> and remove the .git/rebase-apply working files, use the
+command git rebase --abort instead.
 
 Note that if <branch> is not specified on the command line, the
-currently checked out branch is used.  You must be in the top
-directory of your project to start (or continue) a rebase.
+currently checked out branch is used.
 
 Example:       git-rebase master~1 topic
 
@@ -29,11 +28,13 @@ Example:       git-rebase master~1 topic
 '
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 set_reflog_action rebase
 require_work_tree
 cd_to_toplevel
 
+OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=
 RESOLVEMSG="
 When you have resolved this problem run \"git rebase --continue\".
 If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"git rebase --skip\".
@@ -42,39 +43,51 @@ To restore the original branch and stop rebasing run \"git rebase --abort\".
 unset newbase
 strategy=recursive
 do_merge=
-dotest=$GIT_DIR/.dotest-merge
+dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-merge
 prec=4
 verbose=
+diffstat=$(git config --bool rebase.stat)
 git_am_opt=
+rebase_root=
+force_rebase=
 
 continue_merge () {
 	test -n "$prev_head" || die "prev_head must be defined"
 	test -d "$dotest" || die "$dotest directory does not exist"
 
-	unmerged=$(git-ls-files -u)
+	unmerged=$(git ls-files -u)
 	if test -n "$unmerged"
 	then
 		echo "You still have unmerged paths in your index"
-		echo "did you forget update-index?"
+		echo "did you forget to use git add?"
 		die "$RESOLVEMSG"
 	fi
 
-	if ! git-diff-index --quiet HEAD
+	cmt=`cat "$dotest/current"`
+	if ! git diff-index --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
 	then
-		if ! git-commit -C "`cat $dotest/current`"
+		if ! git commit --no-verify -C "$cmt"
 		then
 			echo "Commit failed, please do not call \"git commit\""
 			echo "directly, but instead do one of the following: "
 			die "$RESOLVEMSG"
 		fi
-		printf "Committed: %0${prec}d" $msgnum
+		if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			printf "Committed: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		fi
 	else
-		printf "Already applied: %0${prec}d" $msgnum
+		if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			printf "Already applied: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		fi
+	fi
+	if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		git rev-list --pretty=oneline -1 "$cmt" | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //'
 	fi
-	echo ' '`git-rev-list --pretty=oneline -1 HEAD | \
-				sed 's/^[a-f0-9]\+ //'`
 
-	prev_head=`git-rev-parse HEAD^0`
+	prev_head=`git rev-parse HEAD^0`
 	# save the resulting commit so we can read-tree on it later
 	echo "$prev_head" > "$dotest/prev_head"
 
@@ -84,15 +97,19 @@ continue_merge () {
 }
 
 call_merge () {
-	cmt="$(cat $dotest/cmt.$1)"
+	cmt="$(cat "$dotest/cmt.$1")"
 	echo "$cmt" > "$dotest/current"
-	hd=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)
-	cmt_name=$(git-symbolic-ref HEAD)
-	msgnum=$(cat $dotest/msgnum)
-	end=$(cat $dotest/end)
+	hd=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	cmt_name=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2> /dev/null || echo HEAD)
+	msgnum=$(cat "$dotest/msgnum")
+	end=$(cat "$dotest/end")
 	eval GITHEAD_$cmt='"${cmt_name##refs/heads/}~$(($end - $msgnum))"'
-	eval GITHEAD_$hd='"$(cat $dotest/onto_name)"'
+	eval GITHEAD_$hd='$(cat "$dotest/onto_name")'
 	export GITHEAD_$cmt GITHEAD_$hd
+	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=1
+	fi
 	git-merge-$strategy "$cmt^" -- "$hd" "$cmt"
 	rv=$?
 	case "$rv" in
@@ -101,7 +118,7 @@ call_merge () {
 		return
 		;;
 	1)
-		test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache" && git-rerere
+		git rerere
 		die "$RESOLVEMSG"
 		;;
 	2)
@@ -115,26 +132,95 @@ call_merge () {
 	esac
 }
 
+move_to_original_branch () {
+	test -z "$head_name" &&
+		head_name="$(cat "$dotest"/head-name)" &&
+		onto="$(cat "$dotest"/onto)" &&
+		orig_head="$(cat "$dotest"/orig-head)"
+	case "$head_name" in
+	refs/*)
+		message="rebase finished: $head_name onto $onto"
+		git update-ref -m "$message" \
+			$head_name $(git rev-parse HEAD) $orig_head &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD $head_name ||
+		die "Could not move back to $head_name"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 finish_rb_merge () {
+	move_to_original_branch
 	rm -r "$dotest"
-	echo "All done."
+	say All done.
+}
+
+is_interactive () {
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+			-i|--interactive)
+				interactive_rebase=explicit
+				break
+			;;
+			-p|--preserve-merges)
+				interactive_rebase=implied
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	if [ "$interactive_rebase" = implied ]; then
+		GIT_EDITOR=:
+		export GIT_EDITOR
+	fi
+
+	test -n "$interactive_rebase" || test -f "$dotest"/interactive
 }
 
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+run_pre_rebase_hook () {
+	if test -z "$OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE" &&
+	   test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
+	then
+		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} ||
+		die "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+	fi
+}
+
+test -f "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/applying &&
+	die 'It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase.'
+
+is_interactive "$@" && exec git-rebase--interactive "$@"
+
+if test $# -eq 0
+then
+	test -d "$dotest" -o -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply || usage
+	test -d "$dotest" -o -f "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/rebasing &&
+		die 'A rebase is in progress, try --continue, --skip or --abort.'
+	die "No arguments given and $GIT_DIR/rebase-apply already exists."
+fi
+
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
+	--no-verify)
+		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=yes
+		;;
 	--continue)
-		git-diff-files --quiet || {
+		test -d "$dotest" -o -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply ||
+			die "No rebase in progress?"
+
+		git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules || {
 			echo "You must edit all merge conflicts and then"
-			echo "mark them as resolved using git update-index"
+			echo "mark them as resolved using git add"
 			exit 1
 		}
 		if test -d "$dotest"
 		then
-			prev_head="`cat $dotest/prev_head`"
-			end="`cat $dotest/end`"
-			msgnum="`cat $dotest/msgnum`"
-			onto="`cat $dotest/onto`"
+			prev_head=$(cat "$dotest/prev_head")
+			end=$(cat "$dotest/end")
+			msgnum=$(cat "$dotest/msgnum")
+			onto=$(cat "$dotest/onto")
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			continue_merge
 			while test "$msgnum" -le "$end"
 			do
@@ -144,21 +230,28 @@ do
 			finish_rb_merge
 			exit
 		fi
-		git am --resolved --3way --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG"
+		head_name=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name) &&
+		onto=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto) &&
+		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head) &&
+		GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet)
+		git am --resolved --3way --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
+		move_to_original_branch
 		exit
 		;;
 	--skip)
+		test -d "$dotest" -o -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply ||
+			die "No rebase in progress?"
+
+		git reset --hard HEAD || exit $?
 		if test -d "$dotest"
 		then
-			if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-			then
-				git-rerere clear
-			fi
-			prev_head="`cat $dotest/prev_head`"
-			end="`cat $dotest/end`"
-			msgnum="`cat $dotest/msgnum`"
+			git rerere clear
+			prev_head=$(cat "$dotest/prev_head")
+			end=$(cat "$dotest/end")
+			msgnum=$(cat "$dotest/msgnum")
 			msgnum=$(($msgnum + 1))
-			onto="`cat $dotest/onto`"
+			onto=$(cat "$dotest/onto")
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			while test "$msgnum" -le "$end"
 			do
 				call_merge "$msgnum"
@@ -167,24 +260,30 @@ do
 			finish_rb_merge
 			exit
 		fi
-		git am -3 --skip --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG"
+		head_name=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name) &&
+		onto=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto) &&
+		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head) &&
+		GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet)
+		git am -3 --skip --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
+		move_to_original_branch
 		exit
 		;;
 	--abort)
-		if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache"
-		then
-			git-rerere clear
-		fi
+		test -d "$dotest" -o -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply ||
+			die "No rebase in progress?"
+
+		git rerere clear
 		if test -d "$dotest"
 		then
-			rm -r "$dotest"
-		elif test -d .dotest
-		then
-			rm -r .dotest
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
+			move_to_original_branch
 		else
-			die "No rebase in progress?"
+			dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
+			move_to_original_branch
 		fi
-		git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD
+		git reset --hard $(cat "$dotest/orig-head")
+		rm -r "$dotest"
 		exit
 		;;
 	--onto)
@@ -209,12 +308,43 @@ do
 		esac
 		do_merge=t
 		;;
+	-n|--no-stat)
+		diffstat=
+		;;
+	--stat)
+		diffstat=t
+		;;
 	-v|--verbose)
 		verbose=t
+		diffstat=t
+		GIT_QUIET=
+		;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		GIT_QUIET=t
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt -q"
+		verbose=
+		diffstat=
+		;;
+	--whitespace=*)
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		case "$1" in
+		--whitespace=fix|--whitespace=strip)
+			force_rebase=t
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	--committer-date-is-author-date|--ignore-date)
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		force_rebase=t
 		;;
 	-C*)
-		git_am_opt=$1
-		shift
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		;;
+	--root)
+		rebase_root=t
+		;;
+	-f|--f|--fo|--for|--forc|force|--force-r|--force-re|--force-reb|--force-reba|--force-rebas|--force-rebase)
+		force_rebase=t
 		;;
 	-*)
 		usage
@@ -225,108 +355,170 @@ do
 	esac
 	shift
 done
+test $# -gt 2 && usage
 
-# Make sure we do not have .dotest
+# Make sure we do not have $GIT_DIR/rebase-apply
 if test -z "$do_merge"
 then
-	if mkdir .dotest
+	if mkdir "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply 2>/dev/null
 	then
-		rmdir .dotest
+		rmdir "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
 	else
 		echo >&2 '
-It seems that I cannot create a .dotest directory, and I wonder if you
-are in the middle of patch application or another rebase.  If that is not
-the case, please rm -fr .dotest and run me again.  I am stopping in case
-you still have something valuable there.'
+It seems that I cannot create a rebase-apply directory, and
+I wonder if you are in the middle of patch application or another
+rebase.  If that is not the case, please
+	rm -fr '"$GIT_DIR"'/rebase-apply
+and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something
+valuable there.'
 		exit 1
 	fi
 else
 	if test -d "$dotest"
 	then
-		die "previous dotest directory $dotest still exists." \
-			'try git-rebase < --continue | --abort >'
+		die "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists." \
+			'Try git rebase (--continue | --abort | --skip)'
 	fi
 fi
 
 # The tree must be really really clean.
-git-update-index --refresh || exit
-diff=$(git-diff-index --cached --name-status -r HEAD)
+if ! git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh; then
+	die "cannot rebase: you have unstaged changes"
+fi
+diff=$(git diff-index --cached --name-status -r --ignore-submodules HEAD --)
 case "$diff" in
-?*)	echo "cannot rebase: your index is not up-to-date"
-	echo "$diff"
+?*)	echo >&2 "cannot rebase: your index contains uncommitted changes"
+	echo >&2 "$diff"
 	exit 1
 	;;
 esac
 
-# The upstream head must be given.  Make sure it is valid.
-upstream_name="$1"
-upstream=`git rev-parse --verify "${upstream_name}^0"` ||
-    die "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+if test -z "$rebase_root"
+then
+	# The upstream head must be given.  Make sure it is valid.
+	upstream_name="$1"
+	shift
+	upstream=`git rev-parse --verify "${upstream_name}^0"` ||
+	die "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+	unset root_flag
+	upstream_arg="$upstream_name"
+else
+	test -z "$newbase" && die "--root must be used with --onto"
+	unset upstream_name
+	unset upstream
+	root_flag="--root"
+	upstream_arg="$root_flag"
+fi
 
 # Make sure the branch to rebase onto is valid.
 onto_name=${newbase-"$upstream_name"}
-onto=$(git-rev-parse --verify "${onto_name}^0") || exit
+onto=$(git rev-parse --verify "${onto_name}^0") || exit
 
 # If a hook exists, give it a chance to interrupt
-if test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
-then
-	"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} || {
-		echo >&2 "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
-		exit 1
-	}
-fi
+run_pre_rebase_hook "$upstream_arg" "$@"
 
-# If the branch to rebase is given, first switch to it.
+# If the branch to rebase is given, that is the branch we will rebase
+# $branch_name -- branch being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
+# $orig_head -- commit object name of tip of the branch before rebasing
+# $head_name -- refs/heads/<that-branch> or "detached HEAD"
+switch_to=
 case "$#" in
-2)
-	branch_name="$2"
-	git-checkout "$2" || usage
+1)
+	# Is it "rebase other $branchname" or "rebase other $commit"?
+	branch_name="$1"
+	switch_to="$1"
+
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" &&
+	   branch=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$1")
+	then
+		head_name="refs/heads/$1"
+	elif branch=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1")
+	then
+		head_name="detached HEAD"
+	else
+		usage
+	fi
 	;;
 *)
+	# Do not need to switch branches, we are already on it.
 	if branch_name=`git symbolic-ref -q HEAD`
 	then
+		head_name=$branch_name
 		branch_name=`expr "z$branch_name" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)'`
 	else
+		head_name="detached HEAD"
 		branch_name=HEAD ;# detached
 	fi
+	branch=$(git rev-parse --verify "${branch_name}^0") || exit
 	;;
 esac
-branch=$(git-rev-parse --verify "${branch_name}^0") || exit
+orig_head=$branch
 
-# Now we are rebasing commits $upstream..$branch on top of $onto
+# Now we are rebasing commits $upstream..$branch (or with --root,
+# everything leading up to $branch) on top of $onto
 
-# Check if we are already based on $onto, but this should be
-# done only when upstream and onto are the same.
-mb=$(git-merge-base "$onto" "$branch")
-if test "$upstream" = "$onto" && test "$mb" = "$onto"
+# Check if we are already based on $onto with linear history,
+# but this should be done only when upstream and onto are the same.
+mb=$(git merge-base "$onto" "$branch")
+if test "$upstream" = "$onto" && test "$mb" = "$onto" &&
+	# linear history?
+	! (git rev-list --parents "$onto".."$branch" | grep " .* ") > /dev/null
 then
-	echo >&2 "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
-	exit 0
+	if test -z "$force_rebase"
+	then
+		# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
+		test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to"
+		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+		exit 0
+	else
+		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+	fi
 fi
 
-if test -n "$verbose"
+# Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+say "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+git checkout -q "$onto^0" || die "could not detach HEAD"
+git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $branch
+
+if test -n "$diffstat"
 then
-	echo "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
-	git-diff-tree --stat --summary "$mb" "$onto"
+	if test -n "$verbose"
+	then
+		echo "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+	fi
+	# We want color (if set), but no pager
+	GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary "$mb" "$onto"
 fi
 
-# Rewind the head to "$onto"; this saves our current head in ORIG_HEAD.
-echo "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
-git-reset --hard "$onto"
-
 # If the $onto is a proper descendant of the tip of the branch, then
 # we just fast forwarded.
 if test "$mb" = "$branch"
 then
-	echo >&2 "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+	say "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+	move_to_original_branch
 	exit 0
 fi
 
+if test -n "$rebase_root"
+then
+	revisions="$onto..$orig_head"
+else
+	revisions="$upstream..$orig_head"
+fi
+
 if test -z "$do_merge"
 then
-	git-format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream "$upstream"..ORIG_HEAD |
-	git am $git_am_opt --binary -3 -k --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG"
-	exit $?
+	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream \
+		$root_flag "$revisions" |
+	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
+	move_to_original_branch
+	ret=$?
+	test 0 != $ret -a -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply &&
+		echo $head_name > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name &&
+		echo $onto > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto &&
+		echo $orig_head > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head &&
+		echo "$GIT_QUIET" > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet
+	exit $ret
 fi
 
 # start doing a rebase with git-merge
@@ -335,12 +527,14 @@ fi
 mkdir -p "$dotest"
 echo "$onto" > "$dotest/onto"
 echo "$onto_name" > "$dotest/onto_name"
-prev_head=`git-rev-parse HEAD^0`
+prev_head=$orig_head
 echo "$prev_head" > "$dotest/prev_head"
+echo "$orig_head" > "$dotest/orig-head"
+echo "$head_name" > "$dotest/head-name"
+echo "$GIT_QUIET" > "$dotest/quiet"
 
 msgnum=0
-for cmt in `git-rev-list --no-merges "$upstream"..ORIG_HEAD \
-			| @@PERL@@ -e 'print reverse <>'`
+for cmt in `git rev-list --reverse --no-merges "$revisions"`
 do
 	msgnum=$(($msgnum + 1))
 	echo "$cmt" > "$dotest/cmt.$msgnum"
diff --git a/git-relink.perl b/git-relink.perl
index f6b4f6a2f8..937c69a748 100755
--- a/git-relink.perl
+++ b/git-relink.perl
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ my $master_dir = pop @dirs;
 opendir(D,$master_dir . "objects/")
 	or die "Failed to open $master_dir/objects/ : $!";
 
-my @hashdirs = grep !/^\.{1,2}$/, readdir(D);
+my @hashdirs = grep { ($_ eq 'pack') || /^[0-9a-f]{2}$/ } readdir(D);
 
 foreach my $repo (@dirs) {
 	$linked = 0;
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ sub link_two_files($$) {
 
 
 sub usage() {
-	print("Usage: $0 [--safe] <dir> [<dir> ...] <master_dir> \n");
+	print("Usage: git relink [--safe] <dir> [<dir> ...] <master_dir> \n");
 	print("All directories should contain a .git/objects/ subdirectory.\n");
 	print("Options\n");
 	print("\t--safe\t" .
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index ddfa8b44a1..1eb3bca352 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -3,39 +3,54 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
 #
 
-USAGE='[-a] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q] [--window=N] [--depth=N]'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git repack [options]
+--
+a               pack everything in a single pack
+A               same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose
+d               remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed
+f               pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects
+n               do not run git-update-server-info
+q,quiet         be quiet
+l               pass --local to git-pack-objects
+ Packing constraints
+window=         size of the window used for delta compression
+window-memory=  same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count
+depth=          limits the maximum delta depth
+max-pack-size=  maximum size of each packfile
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
-no_update_info= all_into_one= remove_redundant=
-local= quiet= no_reuse_delta= extra=
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+no_update_info= all_into_one= remove_redundant= unpack_unreachable=
+local= no_reuse= extra=
+while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
 	-n)	no_update_info=t ;;
 	-a)	all_into_one=t ;;
+	-A)	all_into_one=t
+		unpack_unreachable=--unpack-unreachable ;;
 	-d)	remove_redundant=t ;;
-	-q)	quiet=-q ;;
-	-f)	no_reuse_delta=--no-reuse-delta ;;
+	-q)	GIT_QUIET=t ;;
+	-f)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-object ;;
 	-l)	local=--local ;;
-	--window=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
-	--depth=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
+	--max-pack-size|--window|--window-memory|--depth)
+		extra="$extra $1=$2"; shift ;;
+	--) shift; break;;
 	*)	usage ;;
 	esac
 	shift
 done
 
-# Later we will default repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset to true
-default_dbo=false
-
-case "`git config --bool repack.usedeltabaseoffset ||
-       echo $default_dbo`" in
+case "`git config --bool repack.usedeltabaseoffset || echo true`" in
 true)
 	extra="$extra --delta-base-offset" ;;
 esac
 
 PACKDIR="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/pack"
-PACKTMP="$GIT_DIR/.tmp-$$-pack"
+PACKTMP="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/.tmp-$$-pack"
 rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*
 trap 'rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*' 0 1 2 3 15
 
@@ -45,6 +60,7 @@ case ",$all_into_one," in
 	args='--unpacked --incremental'
 	;;
 ,t,)
+	args= existing=
 	if [ -d "$PACKDIR" ]; then
 		for e in `cd "$PACKDIR" && find . -type f -name '*.pack' \
 			| sed -e 's/^\.\///' -e 's/\.pack$//'`
@@ -52,68 +68,116 @@ case ",$all_into_one," in
 			if [ -e "$PACKDIR/$e.keep" ]; then
 				: keep
 			else
-				args="$args --unpacked=$e.pack"
 				existing="$existing $e"
 			fi
 		done
+		if test -n "$existing" -a -n "$unpack_unreachable" -a \
+			-n "$remove_redundant"
+		then
+			args="$args $unpack_unreachable"
+		fi
 	fi
-	[ -z "$args" ] && args='--unpacked --incremental'
 	;;
 esac
 
-args="$args $local $quiet $no_reuse_delta$extra"
-name=$(git-pack-objects --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
+args="$args $local ${GIT_QUIET:+-q} $no_reuse$extra"
+names=$(git pack-objects --keep-true-parents --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
 	exit 1
-if [ -z "$name" ]; then
-	echo Nothing new to pack.
-else
-	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.pack"
-	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"
-	if test "$quiet" != '-q'; then
-	    echo "Pack pack-$name created."
-	fi
-	mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
+if [ -z "$names" ]; then
+	say Nothing new to pack.
+fi
+
+# Ok we have prepared all new packfiles.
+mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
 
+# First see if there are packs of the same name and if so
+# if we can move them out of the way (this can happen if we
+# repacked immediately after packing fully.
+rollback=
+failed=
+for name in $names
+do
 	for sfx in pack idx
 	do
-		if test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.$sfx"
-		then
-			mv -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.$sfx" \
-				"$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.$sfx"
-		fi
-	done &&
-	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
-	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"  "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" &&
-	test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
-	test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" || {
-		echo >&2 "Couldn't replace the existing pack with updated one."
-		echo >&2 "The original set of packs have been saved as"
-		echo >&2 "old-pack-$name.{pack,idx} in $PACKDIR."
-		exit 1
-	}
-	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.idx"
+		file=pack-$name.$sfx
+		test -f "$PACKDIR/$file" || continue
+		rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-$file" &&
+		mv "$PACKDIR/$file" "$PACKDIR/old-$file" || {
+			failed=t
+			break
+		}
+		rollback="$rollback $file"
+	done
+	test -z "$failed" || break
+done
+
+# If renaming failed for any of them, roll the ones we have
+# already renamed back to their original names.
+if test -n "$failed"
+then
+	rollback_failure=
+	for file in $rollback
+	do
+		mv "$PACKDIR/old-$file" "$PACKDIR/$file" ||
+		rollback_failure="$rollback_failure $file"
+	done
+	if test -n "$rollback_failure"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: Some packs in use have been renamed by"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: prefixing old- to their name, in order to"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: replace them with the new version of the"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: file.  But the operation failed, and"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: attempt to rename them back to their"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: original names also failed."
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: Please rename them in $PACKDIR manually:"
+		for file in $rollback_failure
+		do
+			echo >&2 "WARNING:   old-$file -> $file"
+		done
+	fi
+	exit 1
 fi
 
+# Now the ones with the same name are out of the way...
+fullbases=
+for name in $names
+do
+	fullbases="$fullbases pack-$name"
+	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.pack"
+	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"
+	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
+	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"  "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" ||
+	exit
+done
+
+# Remove the "old-" files
+for name in $names
+do
+	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.idx"
+	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.pack"
+done
+
+# End of pack replacement.
+
 if test "$remove_redundant" = t
 then
 	# We know $existing are all redundant.
 	if [ -n "$existing" ]
 	then
-		sync
 		( cd "$PACKDIR" &&
 		  for e in $existing
 		  do
-			case "$e" in
-			pack-$name) ;;
+			case " $fullbases " in
+			*" $e "*) ;;
 			*)	rm -f "$e.pack" "$e.idx" "$e.keep" ;;
 			esac
 		  done
 		)
 	fi
-	git-prune-packed $quiet
+	git prune-packed ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
 fi
 
 case "$no_update_info" in
 t) : ;;
-*) git-update-server-info ;;
+*) git update-server-info ;;
 esac
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index 4eacc3a059..5917773240 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -4,30 +4,55 @@
 # This file is licensed under the GPL v2, or a later version
 # at the discretion of Linus Torvalds.
 
-USAGE='<commit> <url> [<head>]'
-LONG_USAGE='Summarizes the changes since <commit> to the standard output,
-and includes <url> in the message generated.'
+USAGE='<start> <url> [<end>]'
+LONG_USAGE='Summarizes the changes between two commits to the standard output,
+and includes the given URL in the generated summary.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
+. git-parse-remote
 
-revision=$1
+GIT_PAGER=
+export GIT_PAGER
+
+base=$1
 url=$2
 head=${3-HEAD}
 
-[ "$revision" ] || usage
+[ "$base" ] || usage
 [ "$url" ] || usage
 
-baserev=`git-rev-parse --verify "$revision"^0` &&
-headrev=`git-rev-parse --verify "$head"^0` || exit
+baserev=`git rev-parse --verify "$base"^0` &&
+headrev=`git rev-parse --verify "$head"^0` || exit
+
+merge_base=`git merge-base $baserev $headrev` ||
+die "fatal: No commits in common between $base and $head"
+
+url=$(get_remote_url "$url")
+branch=$(git ls-remote "$url" \
+	| sed -n -e "/^$headrev	refs.heads./{
+		s/^.*	refs.heads.//
+		p
+		q
+	}")
+if [ -z "$branch" ]; then
+	echo "warn: No branch of $url is at:" >&2
+	git log --max-count=1 --pretty='tformat:warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
+	echo "warn: Are you sure you pushed $head there?" >&2
+	echo >&2
+	echo >&2
+	branch=..BRANCH.NOT.VERIFIED..
+	status=1
+fi
 
 echo "The following changes since commit $baserev:"
-git log --max-count=1 --pretty=short "$baserev" |
-git-shortlog | sed -e 's/^\(.\)/  \1/'
+git shortlog --max-count=1 $baserev | sed -e 's/^\(.\)/  \1/'
 
-echo "are found in the git repository at:" 
+echo "are available in the git repository at:"
 echo
-echo "  $url"
+echo "  $url $branch"
 echo
 
-git log  $baserev..$headrev | git-shortlog ;
-git diff -M --stat --summary $baserev..$headrev
+git shortlog ^$baserev $headrev
+git diff -M --stat --summary $merge_base $headrev
+exit $status
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index 1278fcba46..d508f83349 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -20,9 +20,15 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Term::ReadLine;
 use Getopt::Long;
+use Text::ParseWords;
 use Data::Dumper;
+use Term::ANSIColor;
+use File::Temp qw/ tempdir tempfile /;
+use Error qw(:try);
 use Git;
 
+Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
+
 package FakeTerm;
 sub new {
 	my ($class, $reason) = @_;
@@ -37,45 +43,45 @@ package main;
 
 sub usage {
 	print <<EOT;
-git-send-email [options] <file | directory>...
-Options:
-   --from         Specify the "From:" line of the email to be sent.
-
-   --to           Specify the primary "To:" line of the email.
-
-   --cc           Specify an initial "Cc:" list for the entire series
-                  of emails.
-
-   --bcc          Specify a list of email addresses that should be Bcc:
-		  on all the emails.
-
-   --compose      Use \$EDITOR to edit an introductory message for the
-                  patch series.
-
-   --subject      Specify the initial "Subject:" line.
-                  Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
-		  is not set, this will be prompted for.
-
-   --in-reply-to  Specify the first "In-Reply-To:" header line.
-                  Only used if --compose is also set.  If --compose is not
-		  set, this will be prompted for.
-
-   --chain-reply-to If set, the replies will all be to the previous
-                  email sent, rather than to the first email sent.
-                  Defaults to on.
-
-   --no-signed-off-cc Suppress the automatic addition of email addresses
-                 that appear in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the cc:
-                 list.  Note: Using this option is not recommended.
-
-   --smtp-server  If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use.
-                  Defaults to localhost.
-
-   --suppress-from Suppress sending emails to yourself if your address
-                  appears in a From: line.
-
-   --quiet	  Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email
-                  should be all that is output.
+git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
+
+  Composing:
+    --from                  <str>  * Email From:
+    --to                    <str>  * Email To:
+    --cc                    <str>  * Email Cc:
+    --bcc                   <str>  * Email Bcc:
+    --subject               <str>  * Email "Subject:"
+    --in-reply-to           <str>  * Email "In-Reply-To:"
+    --annotate                     * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
+    --compose                      * Open an editor for introduction.
+
+  Sending:
+    --envelope-sender       <str>  * Email envelope sender.
+    --smtp-server       <str:int>  * Outgoing SMTP server to use. The port
+                                     is optional. Default 'localhost'.
+    --smtp-server-port      <int>  * Outgoing SMTP server port.
+    --smtp-user             <str>  * Username for SMTP-AUTH.
+    --smtp-pass             <str>  * Password for SMTP-AUTH; not necessary.
+    --smtp-encryption       <str>  * tls or ssl; anything else disables.
+    --smtp-ssl                     * Deprecated. Use '--smtp-encryption ssl'.
+
+  Automating:
+    --identity              <str>  * Use the sendemail.<id> options.
+    --cc-cmd                <str>  * Email Cc: via `<str> \$patch_path`
+    --suppress-cc           <str>  * author, self, sob, cc, cccmd, body, bodycc, all.
+    --[no-]signed-off-by-cc        * Send to Signed-off-by: addresses. Default on.
+    --[no-]suppress-from           * Send to self. Default off.
+    --[no-]chain-reply-to          * Chain In-Reply-To: fields. Default on.
+    --[no-]thread                  * Use In-Reply-To: field. Default on.
+
+  Administering:
+    --confirm               <str>  * Confirm recipients before sending;
+                                     auto, cc, compose, always, or never.
+    --quiet                        * Output one line of info per email.
+    --dry-run                      * Don't actually send the emails.
+    --[no-]validate                * Perform patch sanity checks. Default on.
+    --[no-]format-patch            * understand any non optional arguments as
+                                     `git format-patch` ones.
 
 EOT
 	exit(1);
@@ -121,48 +127,121 @@ sub format_2822_time {
 }
 
 my $have_email_valid = eval { require Email::Valid; 1 };
+my $have_mail_address = eval { require Mail::Address; 1 };
 my $smtp;
+my $auth;
 
 sub unique_email_list(@);
 sub cleanup_compose_files();
 
-# Constants (essentially)
-my $compose_filename = ".msg.$$";
-
 # Variables we fill in automatically, or via prompting:
 my (@to,@cc,@initial_cc,@bcclist,@xh,
-	$initial_reply_to,$initial_subject,@files,$from,$compose,$time);
+	$initial_reply_to,$initial_subject,@files,
+	$author,$sender,$smtp_authpass,$annotate,$compose,$time);
 
-# Behavior modification variables
-my ($chain_reply_to, $quiet, $suppress_from, $no_signed_off_cc,
-	$dry_run) = (1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-my $smtp_server;
+my $envelope_sender;
 
 # Example reply to:
 #$initial_reply_to = ''; #<20050203173208.GA23964@foobar.com>';
 
-my $repo = Git->repository();
+my $repo = eval { Git->repository() };
+my @repo = $repo ? ($repo) : ();
 my $term = eval {
-	new Term::ReadLine 'git-send-email';
+	$ENV{"GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY"}
+		? new Term::ReadLine 'git-send-email', \*STDIN, \*STDOUT
+		: new Term::ReadLine 'git-send-email';
 };
 if ($@) {
 	$term = new FakeTerm "$@: going non-interactive";
 }
 
-my $def_chain = $repo->config_boolean('sendemail.chainreplyto');
-if ($def_chain and $def_chain eq 'false') {
-    $chain_reply_to = 0;
+# Behavior modification variables
+my ($quiet, $dry_run) = (0, 0);
+my $format_patch;
+my $compose_filename;
+
+# Handle interactive edition of files.
+my $multiedit;
+my $editor = $ENV{GIT_EDITOR} || Git::config(@repo, "core.editor") || $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || "vi";
+sub do_edit {
+	if (defined($multiedit) && !$multiedit) {
+		map {
+			system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $_);
+			if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
+				die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
+			}
+		} @_;
+	} else {
+		system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, @_);
+		if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
+			die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-@bcclist = $repo->config('sendemail.bcc');
-if (!@bcclist or !$bcclist[0]) {
-    @bcclist = ();
-}
+# Variables with corresponding config settings
+my ($thread, $chain_reply_to, $suppress_from, $signed_off_by_cc, $cc_cmd);
+my ($smtp_server, $smtp_server_port, $smtp_authuser, $smtp_encryption);
+my ($identity, $aliasfiletype, @alias_files, @smtp_host_parts);
+my ($validate, $confirm);
+my (@suppress_cc);
+
+my %config_bool_settings = (
+    "thread" => [\$thread, 1],
+    "chainreplyto" => [\$chain_reply_to, 1],
+    "suppressfrom" => [\$suppress_from, undef],
+    "signedoffbycc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],
+    "signedoffcc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],      # Deprecated
+    "validate" => [\$validate, 1],
+);
+
+my %config_settings = (
+    "smtpserver" => \$smtp_server,
+    "smtpserverport" => \$smtp_server_port,
+    "smtpuser" => \$smtp_authuser,
+    "smtppass" => \$smtp_authpass,
+    "to" => \@to,
+    "cc" => \@initial_cc,
+    "cccmd" => \$cc_cmd,
+    "aliasfiletype" => \$aliasfiletype,
+    "bcc" => \@bcclist,
+    "aliasesfile" => \@alias_files,
+    "suppresscc" => \@suppress_cc,
+    "envelopesender" => \$envelope_sender,
+    "multiedit" => \$multiedit,
+    "confirm"   => \$confirm,
+    "from" => \$sender,
+);
+
+# Handle Uncouth Termination
+sub signal_handler {
+
+	# Make text normal
+	print color("reset"), "\n";
+
+	# SMTP password masked
+	system "stty echo";
+
+	# tmp files from --compose
+	if (defined $compose_filename) {
+		if (-e $compose_filename) {
+			print "'$compose_filename' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n";
+		}
+		if (-e ($compose_filename . ".final")) {
+			print "'$compose_filename.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+		}
+	}
+
+	exit;
+};
+
+$SIG{TERM} = \&signal_handler;
+$SIG{INT}  = \&signal_handler;
 
 # Begin by accumulating all the variables (defined above), that we will end up
 # needing, first, from the command line:
 
-my $rc = GetOptions("from=s" => \$from,
+my $rc = GetOptions("sender|from=s" => \$sender,
                     "in-reply-to=s" => \$initial_reply_to,
 		    "subject=s" => \$initial_subject,
 		    "to=s" => \@to,
@@ -170,17 +249,128 @@ my $rc = GetOptions("from=s" => \$from,
 		    "bcc=s" => \@bcclist,
 		    "chain-reply-to!" => \$chain_reply_to,
 		    "smtp-server=s" => \$smtp_server,
+		    "smtp-server-port=s" => \$smtp_server_port,
+		    "smtp-user=s" => \$smtp_authuser,
+		    "smtp-pass:s" => \$smtp_authpass,
+		    "smtp-ssl" => sub { $smtp_encryption = 'ssl' },
+		    "smtp-encryption=s" => \$smtp_encryption,
+		    "identity=s" => \$identity,
+		    "annotate" => \$annotate,
 		    "compose" => \$compose,
 		    "quiet" => \$quiet,
-		    "suppress-from" => \$suppress_from,
-		    "no-signed-off-cc|no-signed-off-by-cc" => \$no_signed_off_cc,
+		    "cc-cmd=s" => \$cc_cmd,
+		    "suppress-from!" => \$suppress_from,
+		    "suppress-cc=s" => \@suppress_cc,
+		    "signed-off-cc|signed-off-by-cc!" => \$signed_off_by_cc,
+		    "confirm=s" => \$confirm,
 		    "dry-run" => \$dry_run,
+		    "envelope-sender=s" => \$envelope_sender,
+		    "thread!" => \$thread,
+		    "validate!" => \$validate,
+		    "format-patch!" => \$format_patch,
 	 );
 
 unless ($rc) {
     usage();
 }
 
+die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+	if $format_patch and not $repo;
+
+# Now, let's fill any that aren't set in with defaults:
+
+sub read_config {
+	my ($prefix) = @_;
+
+	foreach my $setting (keys %config_bool_settings) {
+		my $target = $config_bool_settings{$setting}->[0];
+		$$target = Git::config_bool(@repo, "$prefix.$setting") unless (defined $$target);
+	}
+
+	foreach my $setting (keys %config_settings) {
+		my $target = $config_settings{$setting};
+		if (ref($target) eq "ARRAY") {
+			unless (@$target) {
+				my @values = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.$setting");
+				@$target = @values if (@values && defined $values[0]);
+			}
+		}
+		else {
+			$$target = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.$setting") unless (defined $$target);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!defined $smtp_encryption) {
+		my $enc = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.smtpencryption");
+		if (defined $enc) {
+			$smtp_encryption = $enc;
+		} elsif (Git::config_bool(@repo, "$prefix.smtpssl")) {
+			$smtp_encryption = 'ssl';
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+# read configuration from [sendemail "$identity"], fall back on [sendemail]
+$identity = Git::config(@repo, "sendemail.identity") unless (defined $identity);
+read_config("sendemail.$identity") if (defined $identity);
+read_config("sendemail");
+
+# fall back on builtin bool defaults
+foreach my $setting (values %config_bool_settings) {
+	${$setting->[0]} = $setting->[1] unless (defined (${$setting->[0]}));
+}
+
+# 'default' encryption is none -- this only prevents a warning
+$smtp_encryption = '' unless (defined $smtp_encryption);
+
+# Set CC suppressions
+my(%suppress_cc);
+if (@suppress_cc) {
+	foreach my $entry (@suppress_cc) {
+		die "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '$entry'\n"
+			unless $entry =~ /^(all|cccmd|cc|author|self|sob|body|bodycc)$/;
+		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+if ($suppress_cc{'all'}) {
+	foreach my $entry (qw (cccmd cc author self sob body bodycc)) {
+		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
+	}
+	delete $suppress_cc{'all'};
+}
+
+# If explicit old-style ones are specified, they trump --suppress-cc.
+$suppress_cc{'self'} = $suppress_from if defined $suppress_from;
+$suppress_cc{'sob'} = !$signed_off_by_cc if defined $signed_off_by_cc;
+
+if ($suppress_cc{'body'}) {
+	foreach my $entry (qw (sob bodycc)) {
+		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
+	}
+	delete $suppress_cc{'body'};
+}
+
+# Set confirm's default value
+my $confirm_unconfigured = !defined $confirm;
+if ($confirm_unconfigured) {
+	$confirm = scalar %suppress_cc ? 'compose' : 'auto';
+};
+die "Unknown --confirm setting: '$confirm'\n"
+	unless $confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc|compose|always|never)/;
+
+# Debugging, print out the suppressions.
+if (0) {
+	print "suppressions:\n";
+	foreach my $entry (keys %suppress_cc) {
+		printf "  %-5s -> $suppress_cc{$entry}\n", $entry;
+	}
+}
+
+my ($repoauthor, $repocommitter);
+($repoauthor) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'author');
+($repocommitter) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'committer');
+
 # Verify the user input
 
 foreach my $entry (@to) {
@@ -195,32 +385,48 @@ foreach my $entry (@bcclist) {
 	die "Comma in --bcclist entry: $entry'\n" unless $entry !~ m/,/;
 }
 
-# Now, let's fill any that aren't set in with defaults:
+sub parse_address_line {
+	if ($have_mail_address) {
+		return map { $_->format } Mail::Address->parse($_[0]);
+	} else {
+		return split_addrs($_[0]);
+	}
+}
 
-my ($author) = $repo->ident_person('author');
-my ($committer) = $repo->ident_person('committer');
+sub split_addrs {
+	return quotewords('\s*,\s*', 1, @_);
+}
 
 my %aliases;
-my @alias_files = $repo->config('sendemail.aliasesfile');
-my $aliasfiletype = $repo->config('sendemail.aliasfiletype');
 my %parse_alias = (
 	# multiline formats can be supported in the future
 	mutt => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
-		if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
+		if (/^\s*alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 			my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 			$addr =~ s/#.*$//; # mutt allows # comments
 			 # commas delimit multiple addresses
-			$aliases{$alias} = [ split(/\s*,\s*/, $addr) ];
+			$aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 		}}},
 	mailrc => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 			# spaces delimit multiple addresses
-			$aliases{$1} = [ split(/\s+/, $2) ];
-		}}},
-	pine => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
-		if (/^(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
-			$aliases{$1} = [ split(/\s*,\s*/, $2) ];
+			$aliases{$1} = [ quotewords('\s+', 0, $2) ];
 		}}},
+	pine => sub { my $fh = shift; my $f='\t[^\t]*';
+	        for (my $x = ''; defined($x); $x = $_) {
+			chomp $x;
+		        $x .= $1 while(defined($_ = <$fh>) && /^ +(.*)$/);
+			$x =~ /^(\S+)$f\t\(?([^\t]+?)\)?(:?$f){0,2}$/ or next;
+			$aliases{$1} = [ split_addrs($2) ];
+		}},
+	elm => sub  { my $fh = shift;
+		      while (<$fh>) {
+			  if (/^(\S+)\s+=\s+[^=]+=\s(\S+)/) {
+			      my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
+			       $aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
+			  }
+		      } },
+
 	gnus => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/\(define-mail-alias\s+"(\S+?)"\s+"(\S+?)"\)/) {
 			$aliases{$1} = [ $2 ];
@@ -235,93 +441,123 @@ if (@alias_files and $aliasfiletype and defined $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}) {
 	}
 }
 
-my $prompting = 0;
-if (!defined $from) {
-	$from = $author || $committer;
-	do {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Who should the emails appear to be from? [$from] ");
-	} while (!defined $_);
-
-	$from = $_ if ($_);
-	print "Emails will be sent from: ", $from, "\n";
-	$prompting++;
+($sender) = expand_aliases($sender) if defined $sender;
+
+# returns 1 if the conflict must be solved using it as a format-patch argument
+sub check_file_rev_conflict($) {
+	return unless $repo;
+	my $f = shift;
+	try {
+		$repo->command('rev-parse', '--verify', '--quiet', $f);
+		if (defined($format_patch)) {
+			print "foo\n";
+			return $format_patch;
+		}
+		die(<<EOF);
+File '$f' exists but it could also be the range of commits
+to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...
+
+    * Saying "./$f" if you mean a file; or
+    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.
+EOF
+	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
+		return 0;
+	}
 }
 
-if (!@to) {
-	do {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Who should the emails be sent to? ",
-				"");
-	} while (!defined $_);
-	my $to = $_;
-	push @to, split /,/, $to;
-	$prompting++;
-}
+# Now that all the defaults are set, process the rest of the command line
+# arguments and collect up the files that need to be processed.
+my @rev_list_opts;
+while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
+	if ($f eq "--") {
+		push @rev_list_opts, "--", @ARGV;
+		@ARGV = ();
+	} elsif (-d $f and !check_file_rev_conflict($f)) {
+		opendir(DH,$f)
+			or die "Failed to opendir $f: $!";
 
-sub expand_aliases {
-	my @cur = @_;
-	my @last;
-	do {
-		@last = @cur;
-		@cur = map { $aliases{$_} ? @{$aliases{$_}} : $_ } @last;
-	} while (join(',',@cur) ne join(',',@last));
-	return @cur;
+		push @files, grep { -f $_ } map { +$f . "/" . $_ }
+				sort readdir(DH);
+		closedir(DH);
+	} elsif ((-f $f or -p $f) and !check_file_rev_conflict($f)) {
+		push @files, $f;
+	} else {
+		push @rev_list_opts, $f;
+	}
 }
 
-@to = expand_aliases(@to);
-@initial_cc = expand_aliases(@initial_cc);
-@bcclist = expand_aliases(@bcclist);
-
-if (!defined $initial_subject && $compose) {
-	do {
-		$_ = $term->readline("What subject should the emails start with? ",
-			$initial_subject);
-	} while (!defined $_);
-	$initial_subject = $_;
-	$prompting++;
+if (@rev_list_opts) {
+	die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+		unless $repo;
+	push @files, $repo->command('format-patch', '-o', tempdir(CLEANUP => 1), @rev_list_opts);
 }
 
-if (!defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
-	do {
-		$_= $term->readline("Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email? ",
-			$initial_reply_to);
-	} while (!defined $_);
-
-	$initial_reply_to = $_;
-	$initial_reply_to =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
+if ($validate) {
+	foreach my $f (@files) {
+		unless (-p $f) {
+			my $error = validate_patch($f);
+			$error and die "fatal: $f: $error\nwarning: no patches were sent\n";
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-if (!$smtp_server) {
-	$smtp_server = $repo->config('sendemail.smtpserver');
+if (@files) {
+	unless ($quiet) {
+		print $_,"\n" for (@files);
+	}
+} else {
+	print STDERR "\nNo patch files specified!\n\n";
+	usage();
 }
-if (!$smtp_server) {
-	foreach (qw( /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail )) {
-		if (-x $_) {
-			$smtp_server = $_;
-			last;
-		}
+
+sub get_patch_subject($) {
+	my $fn = shift;
+	open (my $fh, '<', $fn);
+	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		next unless ($line =~ /^Subject: (.*)$/);
+		close $fh;
+		return "GIT: $1\n";
 	}
-	$smtp_server ||= 'localhost'; # could be 127.0.0.1, too... *shrug*
+	close $fh;
+	die "No subject line in $fn ?";
 }
 
 if ($compose) {
 	# Note that this does not need to be secure, but we will make a small
 	# effort to have it be unique
+	$compose_filename = ($repo ?
+		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => $repo->repo_path()) :
+		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => "."))[1];
 	open(C,">",$compose_filename)
 		or die "Failed to open for writing $compose_filename: $!";
-	print C "From $from # This line is ignored.\n";
-	printf C "Subject: %s\n\n", $initial_subject;
-	printf C <<EOT;
-GIT: Please enter your email below.
-GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT: " will be removed.
+
+
+	my $tpl_sender = $sender || $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
+	my $tpl_subject = $initial_subject || '';
+	my $tpl_reply_to = $initial_reply_to || '';
+
+	print C <<EOT;
+From $tpl_sender # This line is ignored.
+GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT:" will be removed.
 GIT: Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents
 GIT: for the patch you are writing.
+GIT:
+GIT: Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.
+From: $tpl_sender
+Subject: $tpl_subject
+In-Reply-To: $tpl_reply_to
 
 EOT
+	for my $f (@files) {
+		print C get_patch_subject($f);
+	}
 	close(C);
 
-	my $editor = $ENV{EDITOR};
-	$editor = 'vi' unless defined $editor;
-	system($editor, $compose_filename);
+	if ($annotate) {
+		do_edit($compose_filename, @files);
+	} else {
+		do_edit($compose_filename);
+	}
 
 	open(C2,">",$compose_filename . ".final")
 		or die "Failed to open $compose_filename.final : " . $!;
@@ -329,55 +565,140 @@ EOT
 	open(C,"<",$compose_filename)
 		or die "Failed to open $compose_filename : " . $!;
 
+	my $need_8bit_cte = file_has_nonascii($compose_filename);
+	my $in_body = 0;
+	my $summary_empty = 1;
 	while(<C>) {
-		next if m/^GIT: /;
+		next if m/^GIT:/;
+		if ($in_body) {
+			$summary_empty = 0 unless (/^\n$/);
+		} elsif (/^\n$/) {
+			$in_body = 1;
+			if ($need_8bit_cte) {
+				print C2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
+					 "Content-Type: text/plain; ",
+					   "charset=UTF-8\n",
+					 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
+			}
+		} elsif (/^MIME-Version:/i) {
+			$need_8bit_cte = 0;
+		} elsif (/^Subject:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
+			$initial_subject = $1;
+			my $subject = $initial_subject;
+			$_ = "Subject: " .
+				($subject =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/ ?
+				 quote_rfc2047($subject) :
+				 $subject) .
+				"\n";
+		} elsif (/^In-Reply-To:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
+			$initial_reply_to = $1;
+			next;
+		} elsif (/^From:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
+			$sender = $1;
+			next;
+		} elsif (/^(?:To|Cc|Bcc):/i) {
+			print "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n";
+			next;
+		}
 		print C2 $_;
 	}
 	close(C);
 	close(C2);
 
-	do {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Send this email? (y|n) ");
-	} while (!defined $_);
+	if ($summary_empty) {
+		print "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n";
+		$compose = -1;
+	}
+} elsif ($annotate) {
+	do_edit(@files);
+}
 
-	if (uc substr($_,0,1) ne 'Y') {
-		cleanup_compose_files();
-		exit(0);
+sub ask {
+	my ($prompt, %arg) = @_;
+	my $valid_re = $arg{valid_re};
+	my $default = $arg{default};
+	my $resp;
+	my $i = 0;
+	return defined $default ? $default : undef
+		unless defined $term->IN and defined fileno($term->IN) and
+		       defined $term->OUT and defined fileno($term->OUT);
+	while ($i++ < 10) {
+		$resp = $term->readline($prompt);
+		if (!defined $resp) { # EOF
+			print "\n";
+			return defined $default ? $default : undef;
+		}
+		if ($resp eq '' and defined $default) {
+			return $default;
+		}
+		if (!defined $valid_re or $resp =~ /$valid_re/) {
+			return $resp;
+		}
 	}
+	return undef;
+}
 
-	@files = ($compose_filename . ".final");
+my $prompting = 0;
+if (!defined $sender) {
+	$sender = $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
+	$sender = ask("Who should the emails appear to be from? [$sender] ",
+	              default => $sender);
+	print "Emails will be sent from: ", $sender, "\n";
+	$prompting++;
 }
 
+if (!@to) {
+	my $to = ask("Who should the emails be sent to? ");
+	push @to, parse_address_line($to) if defined $to; # sanitized/validated later
+	$prompting++;
+}
 
-# Now that all the defaults are set, process the rest of the command line
-# arguments and collect up the files that need to be processed.
-for my $f (@ARGV) {
-	if (-d $f) {
-		opendir(DH,$f)
-			or die "Failed to opendir $f: $!";
+sub expand_aliases {
+	return map { expand_one_alias($_) } @_;
+}
 
-		push @files, grep { -f $_ } map { +$f . "/" . $_ }
-				sort readdir(DH);
+my %EXPANDED_ALIASES;
+sub expand_one_alias {
+	my $alias = shift;
+	if ($EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias}) {
+		die "fatal: alias '$alias' expands to itself\n";
+	}
+	local $EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias} = 1;
+	return $aliases{$alias} ? expand_aliases(@{$aliases{$alias}}) : $alias;
+}
 
-	} elsif (-f $f) {
-		push @files, $f;
+@to = expand_aliases(@to);
+@to = (map { sanitize_address($_) } @to);
+@initial_cc = expand_aliases(@initial_cc);
+@bcclist = expand_aliases(@bcclist);
 
-	} else {
-		print STDERR "Skipping $f - not found.\n";
-	}
+if ($thread && !defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
+	$initial_reply_to = ask(
+		"Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email? ");
+}
+if (defined $initial_reply_to) {
+	$initial_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
+	$initial_reply_to =~ s/>?\s*$//;
+	$initial_reply_to = "<$initial_reply_to>" if $initial_reply_to ne '';
 }
 
-if (@files) {
-	unless ($quiet) {
-		print $_,"\n" for (@files);
+if (!defined $smtp_server) {
+	foreach (qw( /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail )) {
+		if (-x $_) {
+			$smtp_server = $_;
+			last;
+		}
 	}
-} else {
-	print STDERR "\nNo patch files specified!\n\n";
-	usage();
+	$smtp_server ||= 'localhost'; # could be 127.0.0.1, too... *shrug*
+}
+
+if ($compose && $compose > 0) {
+	@files = ($compose_filename . ".final", @files);
 }
 
 # Variables we set as part of the loop over files
-our ($message_id, $cc, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message);
+our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message,
+	$needs_confirm, $message_num, $ask_default);
 
 sub extract_valid_address {
 	my $address = shift;
@@ -387,6 +708,7 @@ sub extract_valid_address {
 	# check for a local address:
 	return $address if ($address =~ /^($local_part_regexp)$/);
 
+	$address =~ s/^\s*<(.*)>\s*$/$1/;
 	if ($have_email_valid) {
 		return scalar Email::Valid->address($address);
 	} else {
@@ -405,50 +727,125 @@ sub extract_valid_address {
 # 1 second since the last time we were called.
 
 # We'll setup a template for the message id, using the "from" address:
-my $message_id_from = extract_valid_address($from);
-my $message_id_template = "<%s-git-send-email-$message_id_from>";
 
+my ($message_id_stamp, $message_id_serial);
 sub make_message_id
 {
-	my $date = time;
-	my $pseudo_rand = int (rand(4200));
-	$message_id = sprintf $message_id_template, "$date$pseudo_rand";
+	my $uniq;
+	if (!defined $message_id_stamp) {
+		$message_id_stamp = sprintf("%s-%s", time, $$);
+		$message_id_serial = 0;
+	}
+	$message_id_serial++;
+	$uniq = "$message_id_stamp-$message_id_serial";
+
+	my $du_part;
+	for ($sender, $repocommitter, $repoauthor) {
+		$du_part = extract_valid_address(sanitize_address($_));
+		last if (defined $du_part and $du_part ne '');
+	}
+	if (not defined $du_part or $du_part eq '') {
+		use Sys::Hostname qw();
+		$du_part = 'user@' . Sys::Hostname::hostname();
+	}
+	my $message_id_template = "<%s-git-send-email-%s>";
+	$message_id = sprintf($message_id_template, $uniq, $du_part);
 	#print "new message id = $message_id\n"; # Was useful for debugging
 }
 
 
 
-$cc = "";
 $time = time - scalar $#files;
 
 sub unquote_rfc2047 {
 	local ($_) = @_;
-	if (s/=\?utf-8\?q\?(.*)\?=/$1/g) {
+	my $encoding;
+	if (s/=\?([^?]+)\?q\?(.*)\?=/$2/g) {
+		$encoding = $1;
 		s/_/ /g;
 		s/=([0-9A-F]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
 	}
-	return "$_";
+	return wantarray ? ($_, $encoding) : $_;
+}
+
+sub quote_rfc2047 {
+	local $_ = shift;
+	my $encoding = shift || 'UTF-8';
+	s/([^-a-zA-Z0-9!*+\/])/sprintf("=%02X", ord($1))/eg;
+	s/(.*)/=\?$encoding\?q\?$1\?=/;
+	return $_;
+}
+
+sub is_rfc2047_quoted {
+	my $s = shift;
+	my $token = '[^][()<>@,;:"\/?.= \000-\037\177-\377]+';
+	my $encoded_text = '[!->@-~]+';
+	length($s) <= 75 &&
+	$s =~ m/^(?:"[[:ascii:]]*"|=\?$token\?$token\?$encoded_text\?=)$/o;
+}
+
+# use the simplest quoting being able to handle the recipient
+sub sanitize_address
+{
+	my ($recipient) = @_;
+	my ($recipient_name, $recipient_addr) = ($recipient =~ /^(.*?)\s*(<.*)/);
+
+	if (not $recipient_name) {
+		return "$recipient";
+	}
+
+	# if recipient_name is already quoted, do nothing
+	if (is_rfc2047_quoted($recipient_name)) {
+		return $recipient;
+	}
+
+	# rfc2047 is needed if a non-ascii char is included
+	if ($recipient_name =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) {
+		$recipient_name =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;
+		$recipient_name = quote_rfc2047($recipient_name);
+	}
+
+	# double quotes are needed if specials or CTLs are included
+	elsif ($recipient_name =~ /[][()<>@,;:\\".\000-\037\177]/) {
+		$recipient_name =~ s/(["\\\r])/\\$1/g;
+		$recipient_name = "\"$recipient_name\"";
+	}
+
+	return "$recipient_name $recipient_addr";
+
 }
 
+# Returns 1 if the message was sent, and 0 otherwise.
+# In actuality, the whole program dies when there
+# is an error sending a message.
+
 sub send_message
 {
 	my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
+	@cc = (grep { my $cc = extract_valid_address($_);
+		      not grep { $cc eq $_ } @recipients
+		    }
+	       map { sanitize_address($_) }
+	       @cc);
 	my $to = join (",\n\t", @recipients);
 	@recipients = unique_email_list(@recipients,@cc,@bcclist);
+	@recipients = (map { extract_valid_address($_) } @recipients);
 	my $date = format_2822_time($time++);
 	my $gitversion = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 	if ($gitversion =~ m/..GIT_VERSION../) {
 	    $gitversion = Git::version();
 	}
 
-	my ($author_name) = ($from =~ /^(.*?)\s+</);
-	if ($author_name && $author_name =~ /\./ && $author_name !~ /^".*"$/) {
-		my ($name, $addr) = ($from =~ /^(.*?)(\s+<.*)/);
-		$from = "\"$name\"$addr";
+	my $cc = join(", ", unique_email_list(@cc));
+	my $ccline = "";
+	if ($cc ne '') {
+		$ccline = "\nCc: $cc";
 	}
-	my $header = "From: $from
-To: $to
-Cc: $cc
+	my $sanitized_sender = sanitize_address($sender);
+	make_message_id() unless defined($message_id);
+
+	my $header = "From: $sanitized_sender
+To: $to${ccline}
 Subject: $subject
 Date: $date
 Message-Id: $message_id
@@ -463,38 +860,128 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 		$header .= join("\n", @xh) . "\n";
 	}
 
+	my @sendmail_parameters = ('-i', @recipients);
+	my $raw_from = $sanitized_sender;
+	$raw_from = $envelope_sender if (defined $envelope_sender);
+	$raw_from = extract_valid_address($raw_from);
+	unshift (@sendmail_parameters,
+			'-f', $raw_from) if(defined $envelope_sender);
+
+	if ($needs_confirm && !$dry_run) {
+		print "\n$header\n";
+		if ($needs_confirm eq "inform") {
+			$confirm_unconfigured = 0; # squelch this message for the rest of this run
+			$ask_default = "y"; # assume yes on EOF since user hasn't explicitly asked for confirmation
+			print "    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n";
+			print "    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n";
+			print "    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n";
+			print "    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n";
+			print "    configuration setting.\n";
+			print "\n";
+			print "    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n";
+			print "    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n";
+			print "    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n\n";
+		}
+		$_ = ask("Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): ",
+		         valid_re => qr/^(?:yes|y|no|n|quit|q|all|a)/i,
+		         default => $ask_default);
+		die "Send this email reply required" unless defined $_;
+		if (/^n/i) {
+			return 0;
+		} elsif (/^q/i) {
+			cleanup_compose_files();
+			exit(0);
+		} elsif (/^a/i) {
+			$confirm = 'never';
+		}
+	}
+
 	if ($dry_run) {
 		# We don't want to send the email.
 	} elsif ($smtp_server =~ m#^/#) {
 		my $pid = open my $sm, '|-';
 		defined $pid or die $!;
 		if (!$pid) {
-			exec($smtp_server,'-i',
-			     map { extract_valid_address($_) }
-			     @recipients) or die $!;
+			exec($smtp_server, @sendmail_parameters) or die $!;
 		}
 		print $sm "$header\n$message";
 		close $sm or die $?;
 	} else {
-		require Net::SMTP;
-		$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new( $smtp_server );
-		$smtp->mail( $from ) or die $smtp->message;
+
+		if (!defined $smtp_server) {
+			die "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+		}
+
+		if ($smtp_encryption eq 'ssl') {
+			$smtp_server_port ||= 465; # ssmtp
+			require Net::SMTP::SSL;
+			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP::SSL->new($smtp_server, Port => $smtp_server_port);
+		}
+		else {
+			require Net::SMTP;
+			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new((defined $smtp_server_port)
+						 ? "$smtp_server:$smtp_server_port"
+						 : $smtp_server);
+			if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls') {
+				require Net::SMTP::SSL;
+				$smtp->command('STARTTLS');
+				$smtp->response();
+				if ($smtp->code == 220) {
+					$smtp = Net::SMTP::SSL->start_SSL($smtp)
+						or die "STARTTLS failed! ".$smtp->message;
+					$smtp_encryption = '';
+					# Send EHLO again to receive fresh
+					# supported commands
+					$smtp->hello();
+				} else {
+					die "Server does not support STARTTLS! ".$smtp->message;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!$smtp) {
+			die "Unable to initialize SMTP properly.  Is there something wrong with your config?";
+		}
+
+		if (defined $smtp_authuser) {
+
+			if (!defined $smtp_authpass) {
+
+				system "stty -echo";
+
+				do {
+					print "Password: ";
+					$_ = <STDIN>;
+					print "\n";
+				} while (!defined $_);
+
+				chomp($smtp_authpass = $_);
+
+				system "stty echo";
+			}
+
+			$auth ||= $smtp->auth( $smtp_authuser, $smtp_authpass ) or die $smtp->message;
+		}
+
+		$smtp->mail( $raw_from ) or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->to( @recipients ) or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->data or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->datasend("$header\n$message") or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->dataend() or die $smtp->message;
-		$smtp->ok or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
+		$smtp->code =~ /250|200/ or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
 	}
 	if ($quiet) {
-		printf "Sent %s\n", $subject;
+		printf (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."Sent %s\n", $subject);
 	} else {
-		print "OK. Log says:\nDate: $date\n";
-		if ($smtp) {
+		print (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."OK. Log says:\n");
+		if ($smtp_server !~ m#^/#) {
 			print "Server: $smtp_server\n";
+			print "MAIL FROM:<$raw_from>\n";
+			print "RCPT TO:".join(',',(map { "<$_>" } @recipients))."\n";
 		} else {
-			print "Sendmail: $smtp_server\n";
+			print "Sendmail: $smtp_server ".join(' ',@sendmail_parameters)."\n";
 		}
-		print "From: $from\nSubject: $subject\nCc: $cc\nTo: $to\n\n";
+		print $header, "\n";
 		if ($smtp) {
 			print "Result: ", $smtp->code, ' ',
 				($smtp->message =~ /\n([^\n]+\n)$/s), "\n";
@@ -502,97 +989,173 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 			print "Result: OK\n";
 		}
 	}
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 $reply_to = $initial_reply_to;
 $references = $initial_reply_to || '';
-make_message_id();
 $subject = $initial_subject;
+$message_num = 0;
 
 foreach my $t (@files) {
 	open(F,"<",$t) or die "can't open file $t";
 
-	my $author_not_sender = undef;
-	@cc = @initial_cc;
+	my $author = undef;
+	my $author_encoding;
+	my $has_content_type;
+	my $body_encoding;
+	@cc = ();
 	@xh = ();
 	my $input_format = undef;
-	my $header_done = 0;
+	my @header = ();
 	$message = "";
+	$message_num++;
+	# First unfold multiline header fields
 	while(<F>) {
-		if (!$header_done) {
-			if (/^From /) {
-				$input_format = 'mbox';
-				next;
+		last if /^\s*$/;
+		if (/^\s+\S/ and @header) {
+			chomp($header[$#header]);
+			s/^\s+/ /;
+			$header[$#header] .= $_;
+	    } else {
+			push(@header, $_);
+		}
+	}
+	# Now parse the header
+	foreach(@header) {
+		if (/^From /) {
+			$input_format = 'mbox';
+			next;
+		}
+		chomp;
+		if (!defined $input_format && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s/) {
+			$input_format = 'mbox';
+		}
+
+		if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
+			if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				$subject = $1;
 			}
-			chomp;
-			if (!defined $input_format && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s/) {
-				$input_format = 'mbox';
+			elsif (/^From:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				($author, $author_encoding) = unquote_rfc2047($1);
+				next if $suppress_cc{'author'};
+				next if $suppress_cc{'self'} and $author eq $sender;
+				printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					$1, $_) unless $quiet;
+				push @cc, $1;
 			}
-
-			if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
-				if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/) {
-					$subject = $1;
-
-				} elsif (/^(Cc|From):\s+(.*)$/) {
-					if ($2 eq $from) {
-						next if ($suppress_from);
-					}
-					elsif ($1 eq 'From') {
-						$author_not_sender = $2;
+			elsif (/^Cc:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
+					if (unquote_rfc2047($addr) eq $sender) {
+						next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
+					} else {
+						next if ($suppress_cc{'cc'});
 					}
 					printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-						$2, $_) unless $quiet;
-					push @cc, $2;
+						$addr, $_) unless $quiet;
+					push @cc, $addr;
 				}
-				elsif (!/^Date:\s/ && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
-					push @xh, $_;
-				}
-
-			} else {
-				# In the traditional
-				# "send lots of email" format,
-				# line 1 = cc
-				# line 2 = subject
-				# So let's support that, too.
-				$input_format = 'lots';
-				if (@cc == 0) {
-					printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-						$_, $_) unless $quiet;
-
-					push @cc, $_;
-
-				} elsif (!defined $subject) {
-					$subject = $_;
+			}
+			elsif (/^Content-type:/i) {
+				$has_content_type = 1;
+				if (/charset="?([^ "]+)/) {
+					$body_encoding = $1;
 				}
+				push @xh, $_;
 			}
-
-			# A whitespace line will terminate the headers
-			if (m/^\s*$/) {
-				$header_done = 1;
+			elsif (/^Message-Id: (.*)/i) {
+				$message_id = $1;
+			}
+			elsif (!/^Date:\s/ && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
+				push @xh, $_;
 			}
+
 		} else {
-			$message .=  $_;
-			if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i && !$no_signed_off_cc) {
-				my $c = $2;
-				chomp $c;
-				push @cc, $c;
-				printf("(sob) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-					$c, $_) unless $quiet;
+			# In the traditional
+			# "send lots of email" format,
+			# line 1 = cc
+			# line 2 = subject
+			# So let's support that, too.
+			$input_format = 'lots';
+			if (@cc == 0 && !$suppress_cc{'cc'}) {
+				printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					$_, $_) unless $quiet;
+				push @cc, $_;
+			} elsif (!defined $subject) {
+				$subject = $_;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	# Now parse the message body
+	while(<F>) {
+		$message .=  $_;
+		if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i) {
+			chomp;
+			my ($what, $c) = ($1, $2);
+			chomp $c;
+			if ($c eq $sender) {
+				next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
+			} else {
+				next if $suppress_cc{'sob'} and $what =~ /Signed-off-by/i;
+				next if $suppress_cc{'bodycc'} and $what =~ /Cc/i;
 			}
+			push @cc, $c;
+			printf("(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+				$c, $_) unless $quiet;
 		}
 	}
 	close F;
-	if (defined $author_not_sender) {
-		$author_not_sender = unquote_rfc2047($author_not_sender);
-		$message = "From: $author_not_sender\n\n$message";
+
+	if (defined $cc_cmd && !$suppress_cc{'cccmd'}) {
+		open(F, "$cc_cmd \Q$t\E |")
+			or die "(cc-cmd) Could not execute '$cc_cmd'";
+		while(<F>) {
+			my $c = $_;
+			$c =~ s/^\s*//g;
+			$c =~ s/\n$//g;
+			next if ($c eq $sender and $suppress_from);
+			push @cc, $c;
+			printf("(cc-cmd) Adding cc: %s from: '%s'\n",
+				$c, $cc_cmd) unless $quiet;
+		}
+		close F
+			or die "(cc-cmd) failed to close pipe to '$cc_cmd'";
 	}
 
-	$cc = join(", ", unique_email_list(@cc));
+	if (defined $author and $author ne $sender) {
+		$message = "From: $author\n\n$message";
+		if (defined $author_encoding) {
+			if ($has_content_type) {
+				if ($body_encoding eq $author_encoding) {
+					# ok, we already have the right encoding
+				}
+				else {
+					# uh oh, we should re-encode
+				}
+			}
+			else {
+				push @xh,
+				  'MIME-Version: 1.0',
+				  "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=$author_encoding",
+				  'Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit';
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	$needs_confirm = (
+		$confirm eq "always" or
+		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc)$/ && @cc) or
+		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|compose)$/ && $compose && $message_num == 1));
+	$needs_confirm = "inform" if ($needs_confirm && $confirm_unconfigured && @cc);
 
-	send_message();
+	@cc = (@initial_cc, @cc);
+
+	my $message_was_sent = send_message();
 
 	# set up for the next message
-	if ($chain_reply_to || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0) {
+	if ($thread && $message_was_sent &&
+		($chain_reply_to || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0)) {
 		$reply_to = $message_id;
 		if (length $references > 0) {
 			$references .= "\n $message_id";
@@ -600,16 +1163,13 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			$references = "$message_id";
 		}
 	}
-	make_message_id();
+	$message_id = undef;
 }
 
-if ($compose) {
-	cleanup_compose_files();
-}
+cleanup_compose_files();
 
 sub cleanup_compose_files() {
-	unlink($compose_filename, $compose_filename . ".final");
-
+	unlink($compose_filename, $compose_filename . ".final") if $compose;
 }
 
 $smtp->quit if $smtp;
@@ -630,3 +1190,25 @@ sub unique_email_list(@) {
 	}
 	return @emails;
 }
+
+sub validate_patch {
+	my $fn = shift;
+	open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
+		or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
+	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		if (length($line) > 998) {
+			return "$.: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters";
+		}
+	}
+	return undef;
+}
+
+sub file_has_nonascii {
+	my $fn = shift;
+	open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
+		or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
+	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		return 1 if $line =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index f24c7f2d23..c41c2f7439 100755
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -6,20 +6,90 @@
 # it dies.
 
 # Having this variable in your environment would break scripts because
-# you would cause "cd" to be be taken to unexpected places.  If you
+# you would cause "cd" to be taken to unexpected places.  If you
 # like CDPATH, define it for your interactive shell sessions without
 # exporting it.
 unset CDPATH
 
+git_broken_path_fix () {
+	case ":$PATH:" in
+	*:$1:*) : ok ;;
+	*)
+		PATH=$(
+			SANE_TOOL_PATH="$1"
+			IFS=: path= sep=
+			set x $PATH
+			shift
+			for elem
+			do
+				case "$SANE_TOOL_PATH:$elem" in
+				(?*:/bin | ?*:/usr/bin)
+					path="$path$sep$SANE_TOOL_PATH"
+					sep=:
+					SANE_TOOL_PATH=
+				esac
+				path="$path$sep$elem"
+				sep=:
+			done
+			echo "$path"
+		)
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@
+
 die() {
 	echo >&2 "$@"
 	exit 1
 }
 
-usage() {
-	die "Usage: $0 $USAGE"
+GIT_QUIET=
+
+say () {
+	if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		printf '%s\n' "$*"
+	fi
 }
 
+if test -n "$OPTIONS_SPEC"; then
+	usage() {
+		"$0" -h
+		exit 1
+	}
+
+	parseopt_extra=
+	[ -n "$OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH" ] &&
+		parseopt_extra="--keep-dashdash"
+
+	eval "$(
+		echo "$OPTIONS_SPEC" |
+			git rev-parse --parseopt $parseopt_extra -- "$@" ||
+		echo exit $?
+	)"
+else
+	dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
+	usage() {
+		die "Usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+	}
+
+	if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
+	then
+		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+	else
+		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $dashless $USAGE
+
+$LONG_USAGE"
+	fi
+
+	case "$1" in
+		-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
+		echo "$LONG_USAGE"
+		exit
+	esac
+fi
+
 set_reflog_action() {
 	if [ -z "${GIT_REFLOG_ACTION:+set}" ]
 	then
@@ -28,19 +98,37 @@ set_reflog_action() {
 	fi
 }
 
-is_bare_repository () {
-	git-config --bool --get core.bare ||
-	case "$GIT_DIR" in
-	.git | */.git) echo false ;;
-	*) echo true ;;
+git_editor() {
+	: "${GIT_EDITOR:=$(git config core.editor)}"
+	: "${GIT_EDITOR:=${VISUAL:-${EDITOR}}}"
+	case "$GIT_EDITOR,$TERM" in
+	,dumb)
+		echo >&2 "No editor specified in GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, VISUAL,"
+		echo >&2 "or EDITOR. Tried to fall back to vi but terminal is dumb."
+		echo >&2 "Please set one of these variables to an appropriate"
+		echo >&2 "editor or run $0 with options that will not cause an"
+		echo >&2 "editor to be invoked (e.g., -m or -F for git-commit)."
+		exit 1
+		;;
 	esac
+	eval "${GIT_EDITOR:=vi}" '"$@"'
+}
+
+is_bare_repository () {
+	git rev-parse --is-bare-repository
 }
 
 cd_to_toplevel () {
-	cdup=$(git-rev-parse --show-cdup)
+	cdup=$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)
 	if test ! -z "$cdup"
 	then
-		cd "$cdup" || {
+		# The "-P" option says to follow "physical" directory
+		# structure instead of following symbolic links.  When cdup is
+		# "../", this means following the ".." entry in the current
+		# directory instead textually removing a symlink path element
+		# from the PWD shell variable.  The "-P" behavior is more
+		# consistent with the C-style chdir used by most of Git.
+		cd -P "$cdup" || {
 			echo >&2 "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
 			exit 1
 		}
@@ -48,36 +136,66 @@ cd_to_toplevel () {
 }
 
 require_work_tree () {
-	test $(is_bare_repository) = false &&
-	test $(git-rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir) = false ||
+	test $(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree) = true ||
 	die "fatal: $0 cannot be used without a working tree."
 }
 
-if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
-then
-	LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE"
-else
-	LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE
+get_author_ident_from_commit () {
+	pick_author_script='
+	/^author /{
+		s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
+		h
+		s/^author \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='\''&'\''/p
 
-$LONG_USAGE"
-fi
+		g
+		s/^author [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='\''&'\''/p
 
-case "$1" in
-	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
-	echo "$LONG_USAGE"
-	exit
-esac
+		g
+		s/^author [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
+		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
+		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='\''&'\''/p
+
+		q
+	}
+	'
+	encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
+	git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$1" -- |
+	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"
+}
 
-# Make sure we are in a valid repository of a vintage we understand.
-if [ -z "$SUBDIRECTORY_OK" ]
+# Make sure we are in a valid repository of a vintage we understand,
+# if we require to be in a git repository.
+if test -z "$NONGIT_OK"
 then
-	: ${GIT_DIR=.git}
-	GIT_DIR=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git-rev-parse --git-dir) || {
-		exit=$?
-		echo >&2 "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
-		exit $exit
+	GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse --git-dir) || exit
+	if [ -z "$SUBDIRECTORY_OK" ]
+	then
+		test -z "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)" || {
+			exit=$?
+			echo >&2 "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+			exit $exit
+		}
+	fi
+	test -n "$GIT_DIR" && GIT_DIR=$(cd "$GIT_DIR" && pwd) || {
+		echo >&2 "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+		exit 1
 	}
-else
-	GIT_DIR=$(git-rev-parse --git-dir) || exit
+	: ${GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$GIT_DIR/objects"}
 fi
-: ${GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$GIT_DIR/objects"}
+
+# Fix some commands on Windows
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
+	sort () {
+		/usr/bin/sort "$@"
+	}
+	find () {
+		/usr/bin/find "$@"
+	}
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..03e589f764
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2007, Nanako Shiraishi
+
+dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
+USAGE="list [<options>]
+   or: $dashless show [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless branch <branchname> [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless [save [--keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
+   or: $dashless clear"
+
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
+. git-sh-setup
+require_work_tree
+cd_to_toplevel
+
+TMP="$GIT_DIR/.git-stash.$$"
+trap 'rm -f "$TMP-*"' 0
+
+ref_stash=refs/stash
+
+no_changes () {
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --ignore-submodules -- &&
+	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules
+}
+
+clear_stash () {
+	if test $# != 0
+	then
+		die "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+	fi
+	if current=$(git rev-parse --verify $ref_stash 2>/dev/null)
+	then
+		git update-ref -d $ref_stash $current
+	fi
+}
+
+create_stash () {
+	stash_msg="$1"
+
+	git update-index -q --refresh
+	if no_changes
+	then
+		exit 0
+	fi
+
+	# state of the base commit
+	if b_commit=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	then
+		head=$(git log --no-color --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline -n 1 HEAD --)
+	else
+		die "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+	fi
+
+	if branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	then
+		branch=${branch#refs/heads/}
+	else
+		branch='(no branch)'
+	fi
+	msg=$(printf '%s: %s' "$branch" "$head")
+
+	# state of the index
+	i_tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	i_commit=$(printf 'index on %s\n' "$msg" |
+		git commit-tree $i_tree -p $b_commit) ||
+		die "Cannot save the current index state"
+
+	# state of the working tree
+	w_tree=$( (
+		rm -f "$TMP-index" &&
+		cp -p ${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"} "$TMP-index" &&
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" &&
+		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+		git read-tree -m $i_tree &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git write-tree &&
+		rm -f "$TMP-index"
+	) ) ||
+		die "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+
+	# create the stash
+	if test -z "$stash_msg"
+	then
+		stash_msg=$(printf 'WIP on %s' "$msg")
+	else
+		stash_msg=$(printf 'On %s: %s' "$branch" "$stash_msg")
+	fi
+	w_commit=$(printf '%s\n' "$stash_msg" |
+		git commit-tree $w_tree -p $b_commit -p $i_commit) ||
+		die "Cannot record working tree state"
+}
+
+save_stash () {
+	keep_index=
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--keep-index)
+			keep_index=t
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	stash_msg="$*"
+
+	git update-index -q --refresh
+	if no_changes
+	then
+		say 'No local changes to save'
+		exit 0
+	fi
+	test -f "$GIT_DIR/logs/$ref_stash" ||
+		clear_stash || die "Cannot initialize stash"
+
+	create_stash "$stash_msg"
+
+	# Make sure the reflog for stash is kept.
+	: >>"$GIT_DIR/logs/$ref_stash"
+
+	git update-ref -m "$stash_msg" $ref_stash $w_commit ||
+		die "Cannot save the current status"
+	say Saved working directory and index state "$stash_msg"
+
+	git reset --hard ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
+
+	if test -n "$keep_index" && test -n $i_tree
+	then
+		git read-tree --reset -u $i_tree
+	fi
+}
+
+have_stash () {
+	git rev-parse --verify $ref_stash >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+list_stash () {
+	have_stash || return 0
+	git log --no-color --pretty=oneline -g "$@" $ref_stash -- |
+	sed -n -e 's/^[.0-9a-f]* refs\///p'
+}
+
+show_stash () {
+	flags=$(git rev-parse --no-revs --flags "$@")
+	if test -z "$flags"
+	then
+		flags=--stat
+	fi
+
+	w_commit=$(git rev-parse --verify --default $ref_stash "$@") &&
+	b_commit=$(git rev-parse --verify "$w_commit^") &&
+	git diff $flags $b_commit $w_commit
+}
+
+apply_stash () {
+	git update-index -q --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules ||
+		die 'Cannot apply to a dirty working tree, please stage your changes'
+
+	unstash_index=
+
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--index)
+			unstash_index=t
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	# current index state
+	c_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
+		die 'Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge'
+
+	# stash records the work tree, and is a merge between the
+	# base commit (first parent) and the index tree (second parent).
+	s=$(git rev-parse --verify --default $ref_stash "$@") &&
+	w_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s:") &&
+	b_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s^1:") &&
+	i_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s^2:") ||
+		die "$*: no valid stashed state found"
+
+	unstashed_index_tree=
+	if test -n "$unstash_index" && test "$b_tree" != "$i_tree" &&
+			test "$c_tree" != "$i_tree"
+	then
+		git diff-tree --binary $s^2^..$s^2 | git apply --cached
+		test $? -ne 0 &&
+			die 'Conflicts in index. Try without --index.'
+		unstashed_index_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
+			die 'Could not save index tree'
+		git reset
+	fi
+
+	eval "
+		GITHEAD_$w_tree='Stashed changes' &&
+		GITHEAD_$c_tree='Updated upstream' &&
+		GITHEAD_$b_tree='Version stash was based on' &&
+		export GITHEAD_$w_tree GITHEAD_$c_tree GITHEAD_$b_tree
+	"
+
+	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0
+	fi
+	if git merge-recursive $b_tree -- $c_tree $w_tree
+	then
+		# No conflict
+		if test -n "$unstashed_index_tree"
+		then
+			git read-tree "$unstashed_index_tree"
+		else
+			a="$TMP-added" &&
+			git diff-index --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A $c_tree >"$a" &&
+			git read-tree --reset $c_tree &&
+			git update-index --add --stdin <"$a" ||
+				die "Cannot unstage modified files"
+			rm -f "$a"
+		fi
+		squelch=
+		if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1'
+		fi
+		eval "git status $squelch" || :
+	else
+		# Merge conflict; keep the exit status from merge-recursive
+		status=$?
+		if test -n "$unstash_index"
+		then
+			echo >&2 'Index was not unstashed.'
+		fi
+		exit $status
+	fi
+}
+
+drop_stash () {
+	have_stash || die 'No stash entries to drop'
+
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		set x "$ref_stash@{0}"
+		shift
+	fi
+	# Verify supplied argument looks like a stash entry
+	s=$(git rev-parse --verify "$@") &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$s:"   > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$s^1:" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$s^2:" > /dev/null 2>&1 ||
+		die "$*: not a valid stashed state"
+
+	git reflog delete --updateref --rewrite "$@" &&
+		say "Dropped $* ($s)" || die "$*: Could not drop stash entry"
+
+	# clear_stash if we just dropped the last stash entry
+	git rev-parse --verify "$ref_stash@{0}" > /dev/null 2>&1 || clear_stash
+}
+
+apply_to_branch () {
+	have_stash || die 'Nothing to apply'
+
+	test -n "$1" || die 'No branch name specified'
+	branch=$1
+
+	if test -z "$2"
+	then
+		set x "$ref_stash@{0}"
+	fi
+	stash=$2
+
+	git checkout -b $branch $stash^ &&
+	apply_stash --index $stash &&
+	drop_stash $stash
+}
+
+# Main command set
+case "$1" in
+list)
+	shift
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		set x -n 10
+		shift
+	fi
+	list_stash "$@"
+	;;
+show)
+	shift
+	show_stash "$@"
+	;;
+save)
+	shift
+	save_stash "$@"
+	;;
+apply)
+	shift
+	apply_stash "$@"
+	;;
+clear)
+	shift
+	clear_stash "$@"
+	;;
+create)
+	if test $# -gt 0 && test "$1" = create
+	then
+		shift
+	fi
+	create_stash "$*" && echo "$w_commit"
+	;;
+drop)
+	shift
+	drop_stash "$@"
+	;;
+pop)
+	shift
+	if apply_stash "$@"
+	then
+		test -z "$unstash_index" || shift
+		drop_stash "$@"
+	fi
+	;;
+branch)
+	shift
+	apply_to_branch "$@"
+	;;
+*)
+	if test $# -eq 0
+	then
+		save_stash &&
+		say '(To restore them type "git stash apply")'
+	else
+		usage
+	fi
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ebed711da4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,800 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# git-submodules.sh: add, init, update or list git submodules
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
+
+USAGE="[--quiet] [--cached] \
+[add [-b branch] <repo> <path>]|[status|init|update [-i|--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase|--merge]|summary [-n|--summary-limit <n>] [<commit>]] \
+[--] [<path>...]|[foreach <command>]|[sync [--] [<path>...]]"
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
+. git-sh-setup
+. git-parse-remote
+require_work_tree
+
+command=
+branch=
+reference=
+cached=
+nofetch=
+update=
+
+# Resolve relative url by appending to parent's url
+resolve_relative_url ()
+{
+	remote=$(get_default_remote)
+	remoteurl=$(git config "remote.$remote.url") ||
+		die "remote ($remote) does not have a url defined in .git/config"
+	url="$1"
+	remoteurl=${remoteurl%/}
+	while test -n "$url"
+	do
+		case "$url" in
+		../*)
+			url="${url#../}"
+			remoteurl="${remoteurl%/*}"
+			;;
+		./*)
+			url="${url#./}"
+			;;
+		*)
+			break;;
+		esac
+	done
+	echo "$remoteurl/${url%/}"
+}
+
+#
+# Get submodule info for registered submodules
+# $@ = path to limit submodule list
+#
+module_list()
+{
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" | grep '^160000 '
+}
+
+#
+# Map submodule path to submodule name
+#
+# $1 = path
+#
+module_name()
+{
+	# Do we have "submodule.<something>.path = $1" defined in .gitmodules file?
+	re=$(printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -e 's/[].[^$\\*]/\\&/g')
+	name=$( git config -f .gitmodules --get-regexp '^submodule\..*\.path$' |
+		sed -n -e 's|^submodule\.\(.*\)\.path '"$re"'$|\1|p' )
+       test -z "$name" &&
+       die "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$path'"
+       echo "$name"
+}
+
+#
+# Clone a submodule
+#
+# Prior to calling, cmd_update checks that a possibly existing
+# path is not a git repository.
+# Likewise, cmd_add checks that path does not exist at all,
+# since it is the location of a new submodule.
+#
+module_clone()
+{
+	path=$1
+	url=$2
+	reference="$3"
+
+	# If there already is a directory at the submodule path,
+	# expect it to be empty (since that is the default checkout
+	# action) and try to remove it.
+	# Note: if $path is a symlink to a directory the test will
+	# succeed but the rmdir will fail. We might want to fix this.
+	if test -d "$path"
+	then
+		rmdir "$path" 2>/dev/null ||
+		die "Directory '$path' exist, but is neither empty nor a git repository"
+	fi
+
+	test -e "$path" &&
+	die "A file already exist at path '$path'"
+
+	if test -n "$reference"
+	then
+		git-clone "$reference" -n "$url" "$path"
+	else
+		git-clone -n "$url" "$path"
+	fi ||
+	die "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$path' failed"
+}
+
+#
+# Add a new submodule to the working tree, .gitmodules and the index
+#
+# $@ = repo path
+#
+# optional branch is stored in global branch variable
+#
+cmd_add()
+{
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... add".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-b | --branch)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			branch=$2
+			shift
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--reference)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			reference="--reference=$2"
+			shift
+			;;
+		--reference=*)
+			reference="$1"
+			shift
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	repo=$1
+	path=$2
+
+	if test -z "$repo" -o -z "$path"; then
+		usage
+	fi
+
+	# assure repo is absolute or relative to parent
+	case "$repo" in
+	./*|../*)
+		# dereference source url relative to parent's url
+		realrepo=$(resolve_relative_url "$repo") || exit
+		;;
+	*:*|/*)
+		# absolute url
+		realrepo=$repo
+		;;
+	*)
+		die "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+	;;
+	esac
+
+	# normalize path:
+	# multiple //; leading ./; /./; /../; trailing /
+	path=$(printf '%s/\n' "$path" |
+		sed -e '
+			s|//*|/|g
+			s|^\(\./\)*||
+			s|/\./|/|g
+			:start
+			s|\([^/]*\)/\.\./||
+			tstart
+			s|/*$||
+		')
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch "$path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	die "'$path' already exists in the index"
+
+	# perhaps the path exists and is already a git repo, else clone it
+	if test -e "$path"
+	then
+		if test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		then
+			echo "Adding existing repo at '$path' to the index"
+		else
+			die "'$path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+		fi
+
+		case "$repo" in
+		./*|../*)
+			url=$(resolve_relative_url "$repo") || exit
+		    ;;
+		*)
+			url="$repo"
+			;;
+		esac
+		git config submodule."$path".url "$url"
+	else
+
+		module_clone "$path" "$realrepo" "$reference" || exit
+		(
+			unset GIT_DIR
+			cd "$path" &&
+			# ash fails to wordsplit ${branch:+-b "$branch"...}
+			case "$branch" in
+			'') git checkout -f -q ;;
+			?*) git checkout -f -q -b "$branch" "origin/$branch" ;;
+			esac
+		) || die "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
+	fi
+
+	git add "$path" ||
+	die "Failed to add submodule '$path'"
+
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$path".path "$path" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$path".url "$repo" &&
+	git add .gitmodules ||
+	die "Failed to register submodule '$path'"
+}
+
+#
+# Execute an arbitrary command sequence in each checked out
+# submodule
+#
+# $@ = command to execute
+#
+cmd_foreach()
+{
+	module_list |
+	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	do
+		if test -e "$path"/.git
+		then
+			say "Entering '$path'"
+			(cd "$path" && eval "$@") ||
+			die "Stopping at '$path'; script returned non-zero status."
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+#
+# Register submodules in .git/config
+#
+# $@ = requested paths (default to all)
+#
+cmd_init()
+{
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... init".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	module_list "$@" |
+	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	do
+		# Skip already registered paths
+		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		test -z "$url" || continue
+
+		url=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".url)
+		test -z "$url" &&
+		die "No url found for submodule path '$path' in .gitmodules"
+
+		# Possibly a url relative to parent
+		case "$url" in
+		./*|../*)
+			url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		git config submodule."$name".url "$url" ||
+		die "Failed to register url for submodule path '$path'"
+
+		upd="$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".update)"
+		test -z "$upd" ||
+		git config submodule."$name".update "$upd" ||
+		die "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$path'"
+
+		say "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$path'"
+	done
+}
+
+#
+# Update each submodule path to correct revision, using clone and checkout as needed
+#
+# $@ = requested paths (default to all)
+#
+cmd_update()
+{
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... update".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			shift
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		-i|--init)
+			init=1
+			shift
+			;;
+		-N|--no-fetch)
+			shift
+			nofetch=1
+			;;
+		-r|--rebase)
+			shift
+			update="rebase"
+			;;
+		--reference)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			reference="--reference=$2"
+			shift 2
+			;;
+		--reference=*)
+			reference="$1"
+			shift
+			;;
+		-m|--merge)
+			shift
+			update="merge"
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+
+	if test -n "$init"
+	then
+		cmd_init "--" "$@" || return
+	fi
+
+	module_list "$@" |
+	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	do
+		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		update_module=$(git config submodule."$name".update)
+		if test -z "$url"
+		then
+			# Only mention uninitialized submodules when its
+			# path have been specified
+			test "$#" != "0" &&
+			say "Submodule path '$path' not initialized" &&
+			say "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+			continue
+		fi
+
+		if ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		then
+			module_clone "$path" "$url" "$reference"|| exit
+			subsha1=
+		else
+			subsha1=$(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" &&
+				git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
+			die "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$path'"
+		fi
+
+		if ! test -z "$update"
+		then
+			update_module=$update
+		fi
+
+		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1"
+		then
+			force=
+			if test -z "$subsha1"
+			then
+				force="-f"
+			fi
+
+			if test -z "$nofetch"
+			then
+				(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" &&
+					git-fetch) ||
+				die "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$path'"
+			fi
+
+			case "$update_module" in
+			rebase)
+				command="git rebase"
+				action="rebase"
+				msg="rebased onto"
+				;;
+			merge)
+				command="git merge"
+				action="merge"
+				msg="merged in"
+				;;
+			*)
+				command="git checkout $force -q"
+				action="checkout"
+				msg="checked out"
+				;;
+			esac
+
+			(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && $command "$sha1") ||
+			die "Unable to $action '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+			say "Submodule path '$path': $msg '$sha1'"
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+set_name_rev () {
+	revname=$( (
+		unset GIT_DIR
+		cd "$1" && {
+			git describe "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
+			git describe --tags "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
+			git describe --contains "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
+			git describe --all --always "$2"
+		}
+	) )
+	test -z "$revname" || revname=" ($revname)"
+}
+#
+# Show commit summary for submodules in index or working tree
+#
+# If '--cached' is given, show summary between index and given commit,
+# or between working tree and given commit
+#
+# $@ = [commit (default 'HEAD'),] requested paths (default all)
+#
+cmd_summary() {
+	summary_limit=-1
+	for_status=
+
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... summary".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--cached)
+			cached="$1"
+			;;
+		--for-status)
+			for_status="$1"
+			;;
+		-n|--summary-limit)
+			if summary_limit=$(($2 + 0)) 2>/dev/null && test "$summary_limit" = "$2"
+			then
+				:
+			else
+				usage
+			fi
+			shift
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	test $summary_limit = 0 && return
+
+	if rev=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1^0")
+	then
+		head=$rev
+		shift
+	else
+		head=HEAD
+	fi
+
+	cd_to_toplevel
+	# Get modified modules cared by user
+	modules=$(git diff-index $cached --raw $head -- "$@" |
+		egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
+		while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
+		do
+			# Always show modules deleted or type-changed (blob<->module)
+			test $status = D -o $status = T && echo "$name" && continue
+			# Also show added or modified modules which are checked out
+			GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse --git-dir >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+			echo "$name"
+		done
+	)
+
+	test -z "$modules" && return
+
+	git diff-index $cached --raw $head -- $modules |
+	egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
+	cut -c2- |
+	while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
+	do
+		if test -z "$cached" &&
+			test $sha1_dst = 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+		then
+			case "$mod_dst" in
+			160000)
+				sha1_dst=$(GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git rev-parse HEAD)
+				;;
+			100644 | 100755 | 120000)
+				sha1_dst=$(git hash-object $name)
+				;;
+			000000)
+				;; # removed
+			*)
+				# unexpected type
+				echo >&2 "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+				continue ;;
+			esac
+		fi
+		missing_src=
+		missing_dst=
+
+		test $mod_src = 160000 &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_src^0 >/dev/null &&
+		missing_src=t
+
+		test $mod_dst = 160000 &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_dst^0 >/dev/null &&
+		missing_dst=t
+
+		total_commits=
+		case "$missing_src,$missing_dst" in
+		t,)
+			errmsg="  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+			;;
+		,t)
+			errmsg="  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+			;;
+		t,t)
+			errmsg="  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+			;;
+		*)
+			errmsg=
+			total_commits=$(
+			if test $mod_src = 160000 -a $mod_dst = 160000
+			then
+				range="$sha1_src...$sha1_dst"
+			elif test $mod_src = 160000
+			then
+				range=$sha1_src
+			else
+				range=$sha1_dst
+			fi
+			GIT_DIR="$name/.git" \
+			git log --pretty=oneline --first-parent $range | wc -l
+			)
+			total_commits=" ($(($total_commits + 0)))"
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		sha1_abbr_src=$(echo $sha1_src | cut -c1-7)
+		sha1_abbr_dst=$(echo $sha1_dst | cut -c1-7)
+		if test $status = T
+		then
+			if test $mod_dst = 160000
+			then
+				echo "* $name $sha1_abbr_src(blob)->$sha1_abbr_dst(submodule)$total_commits:"
+			else
+				echo "* $name $sha1_abbr_src(submodule)->$sha1_abbr_dst(blob)$total_commits:"
+			fi
+		else
+			echo "* $name $sha1_abbr_src...$sha1_abbr_dst$total_commits:"
+		fi
+		if test -n "$errmsg"
+		then
+			# Don't give error msg for modification whose dst is not submodule
+			# i.e. deleted or changed to blob
+			test $mod_dst = 160000 && echo "$errmsg"
+		else
+			if test $mod_src = 160000 -a $mod_dst = 160000
+			then
+				limit=
+				test $summary_limit -gt 0 && limit="-$summary_limit"
+				GIT_DIR="$name/.git" \
+				git log $limit --pretty='format:  %m %s' \
+				--first-parent $sha1_src...$sha1_dst
+			elif test $mod_dst = 160000
+			then
+				GIT_DIR="$name/.git" \
+				git log --pretty='format:  > %s' -1 $sha1_dst
+			else
+				GIT_DIR="$name/.git" \
+				git log --pretty='format:  < %s' -1 $sha1_src
+			fi
+			echo
+		fi
+		echo
+	done |
+	if test -n "$for_status"; then
+		echo "# Modified submodules:"
+		echo "#"
+		sed -e 's|^|# |' -e 's|^# $|#|'
+	else
+		cat
+	fi
+}
+#
+# List all submodules, prefixed with:
+#  - submodule not initialized
+#  + different revision checked out
+#
+# If --cached was specified the revision in the index will be printed
+# instead of the currently checked out revision.
+#
+# $@ = requested paths (default to all)
+#
+cmd_status()
+{
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... status".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--cached)
+			cached=1
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	module_list "$@" |
+	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	do
+		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		if test -z "$url" || ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		then
+			say "-$sha1 $path"
+			continue;
+		fi
+		set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
+		if git diff-files --quiet -- "$path"
+		then
+			say " $sha1 $path$revname"
+		else
+			if test -z "$cached"
+			then
+				sha1=$(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+				set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
+			fi
+			say "+$sha1 $path$revname"
+		fi
+	done
+}
+#
+# Sync remote urls for submodules
+# This makes the value for remote.$remote.url match the value
+# specified in .gitmodules.
+#
+cmd_sync()
+{
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			shift
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+	cd_to_toplevel
+	module_list "$@" |
+	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	do
+		name=$(module_name "$path")
+		url=$(git config -f .gitmodules --get submodule."$name".url)
+
+		# Possibly a url relative to parent
+		case "$url" in
+		./*|../*)
+			url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		if test -e "$path"/.git
+		then
+		(
+			unset GIT_DIR
+			cd "$path"
+			remote=$(get_default_remote)
+			say "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+			git config remote."$remote".url "$url"
+		)
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+# This loop parses the command line arguments to find the
+# subcommand name to dispatch.  Parsing of the subcommand specific
+# options are primarily done by the subcommand implementations.
+# Subcommand specific options such as --branch and --cached are
+# parsed here as well, for backward compatibility.
+
+while test $# != 0 && test -z "$command"
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	add | foreach | init | update | status | summary | sync)
+		command=$1
+		;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		GIT_QUIET=1
+		;;
+	-b|--branch)
+		case "$2" in
+		'')
+			usage
+			;;
+		esac
+		branch="$2"; shift
+		;;
+	--cached)
+		cached="$1"
+		;;
+	--)
+		break
+		;;
+	-*)
+		usage
+		;;
+	*)
+		break
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+# No command word defaults to "status"
+test -n "$command" || command=status
+
+# "-b branch" is accepted only by "add"
+if test -n "$branch" && test "$command" != add
+then
+	usage
+fi
+
+# "--cached" is accepted only by "status" and "summary"
+if test -n "$cached" && test "$command" != status -a "$command" != summary
+then
+	usage
+fi
+
+"cmd_$command" "$@"
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index ac44f60b81..9369acc4dc 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -4,11 +4,16 @@
 use warnings;
 use strict;
 use vars qw/	$AUTHOR $VERSION
-		$sha1 $sha1_short $_revision
-		$_q $_authors %users/;
+		$sha1 $sha1_short $_revision $_repository
+		$_q $_authors $_authors_prog %users/;
 $AUTHOR = 'Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>';
 $VERSION = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 
+# From which subdir have we been invoked?
+my $cmd_dir_prefix = eval {
+	command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --show-prefix/], STDERR => 0)
+} || '';
+
 my $git_dir_user_set = 1 if defined $ENV{GIT_DIR};
 $ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= '.git';
 $Git::SVN::default_repo_id = 'svn';
@@ -19,33 +24,38 @@ $Git::SVN::Log::TZ = $ENV{TZ};
 $ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
 $| = 1; # unbuffer STDOUT
 
-sub fatal (@) { print STDERR @_; exit 1 }
+sub fatal (@) { print STDERR "@_\n"; exit 1 }
 require SVN::Core; # use()-ing this causes segfaults for me... *shrug*
 require SVN::Ra;
 require SVN::Delta;
 if ($SVN::Core::VERSION lt '1.1.0') {
-	fatal "Need SVN::Core 1.1.0 or better (got $SVN::Core::VERSION)\n";
+	fatal "Need SVN::Core 1.1.0 or better (got $SVN::Core::VERSION)";
 }
 push @Git::SVN::Ra::ISA, 'SVN::Ra';
 push @SVN::Git::Editor::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
 push @SVN::Git::Fetcher::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
 use Carp qw/croak/;
+use Digest::MD5;
 use IO::File qw//;
 use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
 use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
+use File::Spec;
 use Getopt::Long qw/:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case auto_abbrev/;
 use IPC::Open3;
 use Git;
 
 BEGIN {
-	my $s;
+	# import functions from Git into our packages, en masse
+	no strict 'refs';
 	foreach (qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
-	            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe/) {
-		$s .= "*SVN::Git::Editor::$_ = *SVN::Git::Fetcher::$_ = ".
-		      "*Git::SVN::Migration::$_ = ".
-		      "*Git::SVN::Log::$_ = *Git::SVN::$_ = *$_ = *Git::$_; ";
+	            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
+	            command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/) {
+		for my $package ( qw(SVN::Git::Editor SVN::Git::Fetcher
+			Git::SVN::Migration Git::SVN::Log Git::SVN),
+			__PACKAGE__) {
+			*{"${package}::$_"} = \&{"Git::$_"};
+		}
 	}
-	eval $s;
 }
 
 my ($SVN);
@@ -53,33 +63,42 @@ my ($SVN);
 $sha1 = qr/[a-f\d]{40}/;
 $sha1_short = qr/[a-f\d]{4,40}/;
 my ($_stdin, $_help, $_edit,
-	$_message, $_file,
+	$_message, $_file, $_branch_dest,
 	$_template, $_shared,
-	$_version, $_fetch_all,
+	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase, $_fetch_parent,
 	$_merge, $_strategy, $_dry_run, $_local,
-	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_verbose);
+	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_url, $_verbose,
+	$_git_format, $_commit_url, $_tag);
 $Git::SVN::_follow_parent = 1;
+$_q ||= 0;
 my %remote_opts = ( 'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
                     'config-dir=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir,
-                    'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache );
+                    'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache,
+                    'ignore-paths=s' => \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex );
 my %fc_opts = ( 'follow-parent|follow!' => \$Git::SVN::_follow_parent,
 		'authors-file|A=s' => \$_authors,
+		'authors-prog=s' => \$_authors_prog,
 		'repack:i' => \$Git::SVN::_repack,
 		'noMetadata' => \$Git::SVN::_no_metadata,
 		'useSvmProps' => \$Git::SVN::_use_svm_props,
 		'useSvnsyncProps' => \$Git::SVN::_use_svnsync_props,
 		'log-window-size=i' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::_log_window_size,
 		'no-checkout' => \$_no_checkout,
-		'quiet|q' => \$_q,
+		'quiet|q+' => \$_q,
 		'repack-flags|repack-args|repack-opts=s' =>
 		   \$Git::SVN::_repack_flags,
+		'use-log-author' => \$Git::SVN::_use_log_author,
+		'add-author-from' => \$Git::SVN::_add_author_from,
+		'localtime' => \$Git::SVN::_localtime,
 		%remote_opts );
 
-my ($_trunk, $_tags, $_branches);
+my ($_trunk, @_tags, @_branches, $_stdlayout);
 my %icv;
 my %init_opts = ( 'template=s' => \$_template, 'shared:s' => \$_shared,
-                  'trunk|T=s' => \$_trunk, 'tags|t=s' => \$_tags,
-                  'branches|b=s' => \$_branches, 'prefix=s' => \$_prefix,
+                  'trunk|T=s' => \$_trunk, 'tags|t=s@' => \@_tags,
+                  'branches|b=s@' => \@_branches, 'prefix=s' => \$_prefix,
+                  'stdlayout|s' => \$_stdlayout,
+                  'minimize-url|m' => \$Git::SVN::_minimize_url,
 		  'no-metadata' => sub { $icv{noMetadata} = 1 },
 		  'use-svm-props' => sub { $icv{useSvmProps} = 1 },
 		  'use-svnsync-props' => sub { $icv{useSvnsyncProps} = 1 },
@@ -96,6 +115,7 @@ my %cmd = (
 	fetch => [ \&cmd_fetch, "Download new revisions from SVN",
 			{ 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
 			  'fetch-all|all' => \$_fetch_all,
+			  'parent|p' => \$_fetch_parent,
 			   %fc_opts } ],
 	clone => [ \&cmd_clone, "Initialize and fetch revisions",
 			{ 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
@@ -114,12 +134,40 @@ my %cmd = (
 			  'verbose|v' => \$_verbose,
 			  'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
 			  'fetch-all|all' => \$_fetch_all,
+			  'commit-url=s' => \$_commit_url,
+			  'revision|r=i' => \$_revision,
+			  'no-rebase' => \$_no_rebase,
 			%cmt_opts, %fc_opts } ],
+	branch => [ \&cmd_branch,
+	            'Create a branch in the SVN repository',
+	            { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
+	              'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
+	              'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
+		      'tag|t' => \$_tag } ],
+	tag => [ sub { $_tag = 1; cmd_branch(@_) },
+	         'Create a tag in the SVN repository',
+	         { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
+	           'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
+	           'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run } ],
 	'set-tree' => [ \&cmd_set_tree,
 	                "Set an SVN repository to a git tree-ish",
-			{ 'stdin|' => \$_stdin, %cmt_opts, %fc_opts, } ],
+			{ 'stdin' => \$_stdin, %cmt_opts, %fc_opts, } ],
+	'create-ignore' => [ \&cmd_create_ignore,
+			     'Create a .gitignore per svn:ignore',
+			     { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision
+			     } ],
+        'propget' => [ \&cmd_propget,
+		       'Print the value of a property on a file or directory',
+		       { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision } ],
+        'proplist' => [ \&cmd_proplist,
+		       'List all properties of a file or directory',
+		       { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision } ],
 	'show-ignore' => [ \&cmd_show_ignore, "Show svn:ignore listings",
-			{ 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision } ],
+			{ 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision
+			} ],
+	'show-externals' => [ \&cmd_show_externals, "Show svn:externals listings",
+			{ 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision
+			} ],
 	'multi-fetch' => [ \&cmd_multi_fetch,
 	                   "Deprecated alias for $0 fetch --all",
 			   { 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision, %fc_opts } ],
@@ -139,14 +187,18 @@ my %cmd = (
 			  'non-recursive' => \$Git::SVN::Log::non_recursive,
 			  'authors-file|A=s' => \$_authors,
 			  'color' => \$Git::SVN::Log::color,
-			  'pager=s' => \$Git::SVN::Log::pager,
+			  'pager=s' => \$Git::SVN::Log::pager
 			} ],
+	'find-rev' => [ \&cmd_find_rev,
+	                "Translate between SVN revision numbers and tree-ish",
+			{} ],
 	'rebase' => [ \&cmd_rebase, "Fetch and rebase your working directory",
 			{ 'merge|m|M' => \$_merge,
 			  'verbose|v' => \$_verbose,
 			  'strategy|s=s' => \$_strategy,
 			  'local|l' => \$_local,
 			  'fetch-all|all' => \$_fetch_all,
+			  'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
 			  %fc_opts } ],
 	'commit-diff' => [ \&cmd_commit_diff,
 	                   'Commit a diff between two trees',
@@ -154,6 +206,17 @@ my %cmd = (
 			  'file|F=s' => \$_file,
 			  'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
 			%cmt_opts } ],
+	'info' => [ \&cmd_info,
+		    "Show info about the latest SVN revision
+		     on the current branch",
+		    { 'url' => \$_url, } ],
+	'blame' => [ \&Git::SVN::Log::cmd_blame,
+	            "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file",
+		    { 'git-format' => \$_git_format } ],
+	'reset' => [ \&cmd_reset,
+		     "Undo fetches back to the specified SVN revision",
+		     { 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
+		       'parent|p' => \$_fetch_parent } ],
 );
 
 my $cmd;
@@ -162,47 +225,59 @@ for (my $i = 0; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
 		$cmd = $ARGV[$i];
 		splice @ARGV, $i, 1;
 		last;
+	} elsif ($ARGV[$i] eq 'help') {
+		$cmd = $ARGV[$i+1];
+		usage(0);
 	}
 };
 
+# make sure we're always running at the top-level working directory
+unless ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
+	unless (-d $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
+		if ($git_dir_user_set) {
+			die "GIT_DIR=$ENV{GIT_DIR} explicitly set, ",
+			    "but it is not a directory\n";
+		}
+		my $git_dir = delete $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+		my $cdup = undef;
+		git_cmd_try {
+			$cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/);
+			$git_dir = '.' unless ($cdup);
+			chomp $cdup if ($cdup);
+			$cdup = "." unless ($cdup && length $cdup);
+		} "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir not found\n";
+		chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
+		unless (-d $git_dir) {
+			die "$git_dir still not found after going to ",
+			    "'$cdup'\n";
+		}
+		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
+	}
+	$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => $ENV{GIT_DIR});
+}
+
 my %opts = %{$cmd{$cmd}->[2]} if (defined $cmd);
 
 read_repo_config(\%opts);
-Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through') if $cmd eq 'log';
+if ($cmd && ($cmd eq 'log' || $cmd eq 'blame')) {
+	Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
+}
 my $rv = GetOptions(%opts, 'help|H|h' => \$_help, 'version|V' => \$_version,
                     'minimize-connections' => \$Git::SVN::Migration::_minimize,
                     'id|i=s' => \$Git::SVN::default_ref_id,
                     'svn-remote|remote|R=s' => sub {
                        $Git::SVN::no_reuse_existing = 1;
                        $Git::SVN::default_repo_id = $_[1] });
-exit 1 if (!$rv && $cmd ne 'log');
+exit 1 if (!$rv && $cmd && $cmd ne 'log');
 
 usage(0) if $_help;
 version() if $_version;
 usage(1) unless defined $cmd;
 load_authors() if $_authors;
-
-# make sure we're always running
-unless ($cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
-	unless (-d $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
-		if ($git_dir_user_set) {
-			die "GIT_DIR=$ENV{GIT_DIR} explicitly set, ",
-			    "but it is not a directory\n";
-		}
-		my $git_dir = delete $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-		chomp(my $cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/));
-		unless (length $cdup) {
-			die "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir ",
-			    "not found '$cdup'\n";
-		}
-		chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
-		unless (-d $git_dir) {
-			die "$git_dir still not found after going to ",
-			    "'$cdup'\n";
-		}
-		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
-	}
+if (defined $_authors_prog) {
+	$_authors_prog = "'" . File::Spec->rel2abs($_authors_prog) . "'";
 }
+
 unless ($cmd =~ /^(?:clone|init|multi-init|commit-diff)$/) {
 	Git::SVN::Migration::migration_check();
 }
@@ -221,7 +296,7 @@ sub usage {
 	my $fd = $exit ? \*STDERR : \*STDOUT;
 	print $fd <<"";
 git-svn - bidirectional operations between a single Subversion tree and git
-Usage: $0 <command> [options] [arguments]\n
+Usage: git svn <command> [options] [arguments]\n
 
 	print $fd "Available commands:\n" unless $cmd;
 
@@ -229,7 +304,7 @@ Usage: $0 <command> [options] [arguments]\n
 		next if $cmd && $cmd ne $_;
 		next if /^multi-/; # don't show deprecated commands
 		print $fd '  ',pack('A17',$_),$cmd{$_}->[1],"\n";
-		foreach (keys %{$cmd{$_}->[2]}) {
+		foreach (sort keys %{$cmd{$_}->[2]}) {
 			# mixed-case options are for .git/config only
 			next if /[A-Z]/ && /^[a-z]+$/i;
 			# prints out arguments as they should be passed:
@@ -265,7 +340,9 @@ sub do_git_init_db {
 			}
 		}
 		command_noisy(@init_db);
+		$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => ".git");
 	}
+	command_noisy('config', 'core.autocrlf', 'false');
 	my $set;
 	my $pfx = "svn-remote.$Git::SVN::default_repo_id";
 	foreach my $i (keys %icv) {
@@ -274,6 +351,9 @@ sub do_git_init_db {
 		command_noisy('config', "$pfx.$i", $icv{$i});
 		$set = $i;
 	}
+	my $ignore_regex = \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex;
+	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-paths", $$ignore_regex)
+		if defined $$ignore_regex;
 }
 
 sub init_subdir {
@@ -281,26 +361,35 @@ sub init_subdir {
 	mkpath([$repo_path]) unless -d $repo_path;
 	chdir $repo_path or die "Couldn't chdir to $repo_path: $!\n";
 	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = '.git';
+	$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => $ENV{GIT_DIR});
 }
 
 sub cmd_clone {
 	my ($url, $path) = @_;
 	if (!defined $path &&
-	    (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags) &&
+	    (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags ||
+	     defined $_stdlayout) &&
 	    $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 		$path = $url;
 	}
 	$path = basename($url) if !defined $path || !length $path;
 	cmd_init($url, $path);
 	Git::SVN::fetch_all($Git::SVN::default_repo_id);
+	command_oneline('config', 'svn.authorsfile', $_authors) if $_authors;
 }
 
 sub cmd_init {
-	if (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags) {
+	if (defined $_stdlayout) {
+		$_trunk = 'trunk' if (!defined $_trunk);
+		@_tags = 'tags' if (! @_tags);
+		@_branches = 'branches' if (! @_branches);
+	}
+	if (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags) {
 		return cmd_multi_init(@_);
 	}
 	my $url = shift or die "SVN repository location required ",
 	                       "as a command-line argument\n";
+	$url = canonicalize_url($url);
 	init_subdir(@_);
 	do_git_init_db();
 
@@ -314,12 +403,21 @@ sub cmd_fetch {
 	}
 	my ($remote) = @_;
 	if (@_ > 1) {
-		die "Usage: $0 fetch [--all] [svn-remote]\n";
+		die "Usage: $0 fetch [--all] [--parent] [svn-remote]\n";
 	}
-	$remote ||= $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
-	if ($_fetch_all) {
+	if ($_fetch_parent) {
+		my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+		unless ($gs) {
+			die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
+			    "working tree history\n";
+		}
+	        # just fetch, don't checkout.
+		$_no_checkout = 'true';
+		$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
+	} elsif ($_fetch_all) {
 		cmd_multi_fetch();
 	} else {
+		$remote ||= $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
 		Git::SVN::fetch_all($remote, Git::SVN::read_all_remotes());
 	}
 }
@@ -343,7 +441,7 @@ sub cmd_set_tree {
 		} elsif (scalar @tmp > 1) {
 			push @revs, reverse(command('rev-list',@tmp));
 		} else {
-			fatal "Failed to rev-parse $c\n";
+			fatal "Failed to rev-parse $c";
 		}
 	}
 	my $gs = Git::SVN->new;
@@ -353,79 +451,259 @@ sub cmd_set_tree {
 		fatal "There are new revisions that were fetched ",
 		      "and need to be merged (or acknowledged) ",
 		      "before committing.\nlast rev: $r_last\n",
-		      " current: $gs->{last_rev}\n";
+		      " current: $gs->{last_rev}";
 	}
 	$gs->set_tree($_) foreach @revs;
 	print "Done committing ",scalar @revs," revisions to SVN\n";
+	unlink $gs->{index};
 }
 
 sub cmd_dcommit {
 	my $head = shift;
+	git_cmd_try { command_oneline(qw/diff-index --quiet HEAD/) }
+		'Cannot dcommit with a dirty index.  Commit your changes first, '
+		. "or stash them with `git stash'.\n";
 	$head ||= 'HEAD';
+
+	my $old_head;
+	if ($head ne 'HEAD') {
+		$old_head = eval {
+			command_oneline([qw/symbolic-ref -q HEAD/])
+		};
+		if ($old_head) {
+			$old_head =~ s{^refs/heads/}{};
+		} else {
+			$old_head = eval { command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/) };
+		}
+		command(['checkout', $head], STDERR => 0);
+	}
+
 	my @refs;
-	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info($head, \@refs);
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD', \@refs);
 	unless ($gs) {
 		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
-		    "$head history\n";
-	}
-	my $c = $refs[-1];
-	my $last_rev;
-	foreach my $d (@refs) {
-		if (!verify_ref("$d~1")) {
-			fatal "Commit $d\n",
-			      "has no parent commit, and therefore ",
-			      "nothing to diff against.\n",
-			      "You should be working from a repository ",
-			      "originally created by git-svn\n";
+		    "$head history.\nPerhaps the repository is empty.";
+	}
+
+	if (defined $_commit_url) {
+		$url = $_commit_url;
+	} else {
+		$url = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+			      "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.commiturl") };
+		if (!$url) {
+			$url = $gs->full_url
 		}
+	}
+
+	my $last_rev = $_revision if defined $_revision;
+	if ($url) {
+		print "Committing to $url ...\n";
+	}
+	my ($linear_refs, $parents) = linearize_history($gs, \@refs);
+	if ($_no_rebase && scalar(@$linear_refs) > 1) {
+		warn "Attempting to commit more than one change while ",
+		     "--no-rebase is enabled.\n",
+		     "If these changes depend on each other, re-running ",
+		     "without --no-rebase may be required."
+	}
+	my $expect_url = $url;
+	Git::SVN::remove_username($expect_url);
+	while (1) {
+		my $d = shift @$linear_refs or last;
 		unless (defined $last_rev) {
 			(undef, $last_rev, undef) = cmt_metadata("$d~1");
 			unless (defined $last_rev) {
 				fatal "Unable to extract revision information ",
-				      "from commit $d~1\n";
+				      "from commit $d~1";
 			}
 		}
 		if ($_dry_run) {
 			print "diff-tree $d~1 $d\n";
 		} else {
+			my $cmt_rev;
 			my %ed_opts = ( r => $last_rev,
 			                log => get_commit_entry($d)->{log},
 			                ra => Git::SVN::Ra->new($url),
+			                config => SVN::Core::config_get_config(
+			                        $Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir
+			                ),
 			                tree_a => "$d~1",
 			                tree_b => $d,
 			                editor_cb => sub {
 			                       print "Committed r$_[0]\n";
-			                       $last_rev = $_[0]; },
+			                       $cmt_rev = $_[0];
+			                },
 			                svn_path => '');
 			if (!SVN::Git::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
 				print "No changes\n$d~1 == $d\n";
+			} elsif ($parents->{$d} && @{$parents->{$d}}) {
+				$gs->{inject_parents_dcommit}->{$cmt_rev} =
+				                               $parents->{$d};
+			}
+			$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
+			$last_rev = $cmt_rev;
+			next if $_no_rebase;
+
+			# we always want to rebase against the current HEAD,
+			# not any head that was passed to us
+			my @diff = command('diff-tree', $d,
+			                   $gs->refname, '--');
+			my @finish;
+			if (@diff) {
+				@finish = rebase_cmd();
+				print STDERR "W: $d and ", $gs->refname,
+				             " differ, using @finish:\n",
+				             join("\n", @diff), "\n";
+			} else {
+				print "No changes between current HEAD and ",
+				      $gs->refname,
+				      "\nResetting to the latest ",
+				      $gs->refname, "\n";
+				@finish = qw/reset --mixed/;
+			}
+			command_noisy(@finish, $gs->refname);
+			if (@diff) {
+				@refs = ();
+				my ($url_, $rev_, $uuid_, $gs_) =
+				              working_head_info('HEAD', \@refs);
+				my ($linear_refs_, $parents_) =
+				              linearize_history($gs_, \@refs);
+				if (scalar(@$linear_refs) !=
+				    scalar(@$linear_refs_)) {
+					fatal "# of revisions changed ",
+					  "\nbefore:\n",
+					  join("\n", @$linear_refs),
+					  "\n\nafter:\n",
+					  join("\n", @$linear_refs_), "\n",
+					  'If you are attempting to commit ',
+					  "merges, try running:\n\t",
+					  'git rebase --interactive',
+					  '--preserve-merges ',
+					  $gs->refname,
+					  "\nBefore dcommitting";
+				}
+				if ($url_ ne $expect_url) {
+					fatal "URL mismatch after rebase: ",
+					      "$url_ != $expect_url";
+				}
+				if ($uuid_ ne $uuid) {
+					fatal "uuid mismatch after rebase: ",
+					      "$uuid_ != $uuid";
+				}
+				# remap parents
+				my (%p, @l, $i);
+				for ($i = 0; $i < scalar @$linear_refs; $i++) {
+					my $new = $linear_refs_->[$i] or next;
+					$p{$new} =
+						$parents->{$linear_refs->[$i]};
+					push @l, $new;
+				}
+				$parents = \%p;
+				$linear_refs = \@l;
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return if $_dry_run;
-	unless ($gs) {
-		warn "Could not determine fetch information for $url\n",
-		     "Will not attempt to fetch and rebase commits.\n",
-		     "This probably means you have useSvmProps and should\n",
-		     "now resync your SVN::Mirror repository.\n";
-		return;
+
+	if ($old_head) {
+		my $new_head = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/);
+		my $new_is_symbolic = eval {
+			command_oneline(qw/symbolic-ref -q HEAD/);
+		};
+		if ($new_is_symbolic) {
+			print "dcommitted the branch ", $head, "\n";
+		} else {
+			print "dcommitted on a detached HEAD because you gave ",
+			      "a revision argument.\n",
+			      "The rewritten commit is: ", $new_head, "\n";
+		}
+		command(['checkout', $old_head], STDERR => 0);
+	}
+
+	unlink $gs->{index};
+}
+
+sub cmd_branch {
+	my ($branch_name, $head) = @_;
+
+	unless (defined $branch_name && length $branch_name) {
+		die(($_tag ? "tag" : "branch") . " name required\n");
+	}
+	$head ||= 'HEAD';
+
+	my ($src, $rev, undef, $gs) = working_head_info($head);
+
+	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{$gs->{repo_id}};
+	my $allglobs = $remote->{ $_tag ? 'tags' : 'branches' };
+	my $glob;
+	if ($#{$allglobs} == 0) {
+		$glob = $allglobs->[0];
+	} else {
+		unless(defined $_branch_dest) {
+			die "Multiple ",
+			    $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+			    " paths defined for Subversion repository.\n",
+		            "You must specify where you want to create the ",
+		            $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+		            " with the --destination argument.\n";
+		}
+		foreach my $g (@{$allglobs}) {
+			# SVN::Git::Editor could probably be moved to Git.pm..
+			my $re = SVN::Git::Editor::glob2pat($g->{path}->{left});
+			if ($_branch_dest =~ /$re/) {
+				$glob = $g;
+				last;
+			}
+		}
+		unless (defined $glob) {
+			die "Unknown ",
+			    $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+			    " destination $_branch_dest\n";
+		}
 	}
-	$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
-	# we always want to rebase against the current HEAD, not any
-	# head that was passed to us
-	my @diff = command('diff-tree', 'HEAD', $gs->refname, '--');
-	my @finish;
-	if (@diff) {
-		@finish = rebase_cmd();
-		print STDERR "W: HEAD and ", $gs->refname, " differ, ",
-		             "using @finish:\n", "@diff";
+	my ($lft, $rgt) = @{ $glob->{path} }{qw/left right/};
+	my $dst = join '/', $remote->{url}, $lft, $branch_name, ($rgt || ());
+
+	my $ctx = SVN::Client->new(
+		auth    => Git::SVN::Ra::_auth_providers(),
+		log_msg => sub {
+			${ $_[0] } = defined $_message
+				? $_message
+				: 'Create ' . ($_tag ? 'tag ' : 'branch ' )
+				. $branch_name;
+		},
+	);
+
+	eval {
+		$ctx->ls($dst, 'HEAD', 0);
+	} and die "branch ${branch_name} already exists\n";
+
+	print "Copying ${src} at r${rev} to ${dst}...\n";
+	$ctx->copy($src, $rev, $dst)
+		unless $_dry_run;
+
+	$gs->fetch_all;
+}
+
+sub cmd_find_rev {
+	my $revision_or_hash = shift or die "SVN or git revision required ",
+	                                    "as a command-line argument\n";
+	my $result;
+	if ($revision_or_hash =~ /^r\d+$/) {
+		my $head = shift;
+		$head ||= 'HEAD';
+		my @refs;
+		my (undef, undef, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info($head, \@refs);
+		unless ($gs) {
+			die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
+			    "$head history\n";
+		}
+		my $desired_revision = substr($revision_or_hash, 1);
+		$result = $gs->rev_map_get($desired_revision, $uuid);
 	} else {
-		print "No changes between current HEAD and ",
-		      $gs->refname, "\nResetting to the latest ",
-		      $gs->refname, "\n";
-		@finish = qw/reset --mixed/;
+		my (undef, $rev, undef) = cmt_metadata($revision_or_hash);
+		$result = $rev;
 	}
-	command_noisy(@finish, $gs->refname);
+	print "$result\n" if $result;
 }
 
 sub cmd_rebase {
@@ -435,12 +713,19 @@ sub cmd_rebase {
 		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
 		    "working tree history\n";
 	}
+	if ($_dry_run) {
+		print "Remote Branch: " . $gs->refname . "\n";
+		print "SVN URL: " . $url . "\n";
+		return;
+	}
 	if (command(qw/diff-index HEAD --/)) {
 		print STDERR "Cannot rebase with uncommited changes:\n";
 		command_noisy('status');
 		exit 1;
 	}
 	unless ($_local) {
+		# rebase will checkout for us, so no need to do it explicitly
+		$_no_checkout = 'true';
 		$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
 	}
 	command_noisy(rebase_cmd(), $gs->refname);
@@ -450,17 +735,150 @@ sub cmd_show_ignore {
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
 	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
 	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
-	$gs->traverse_ignore(\*STDOUT, $gs->{path}, $r);
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
+		print STDOUT "\n# $path\n";
+		my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'} or return;
+		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
+		chomp $s;
+		$s =~ s#^#$path#gm;
+		print STDOUT "$s\n";
+	});
+}
+
+sub cmd_show_externals {
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
+	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
+		print STDOUT "\n# $path\n";
+		my $s = $props->{'svn:externals'} or return;
+		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
+		chomp $s;
+		$s =~ s#^#$path#gm;
+		print STDOUT "$s\n";
+	});
+}
+
+sub cmd_create_ignore {
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
+	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
+		# $path is of the form /path/to/dir/
+		$path = '.' . $path;
+		# SVN can have attributes on empty directories,
+		# which git won't track
+		mkpath([$path]) unless -d $path;
+		my $ignore = $path . '.gitignore';
+		my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'} or return;
+		open(GITIGNORE, '>', $ignore)
+		  or fatal("Failed to open `$ignore' for writing: $!");
+		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
+		chomp $s;
+		# Prefix all patterns so that the ignore doesn't apply
+		# to sub-directories.
+		$s =~ s#^#/#gm;
+		print GITIGNORE "$s\n";
+		close(GITIGNORE)
+		  or fatal("Failed to close `$ignore': $!");
+		command_noisy('add', '-f', $ignore);
+	});
+}
+
+sub canonicalize_path {
+	my ($path) = @_;
+	my $dot_slash_added = 0;
+	if (substr($path, 0, 1) ne "/") {
+		$path = "./" . $path;
+		$dot_slash_added = 1;
+	}
+	# File::Spec->canonpath doesn't collapse x/../y into y (for a
+	# good reason), so let's do this manually.
+	$path =~ s#/+#/#g;
+	$path =~ s#/\.(?:/|$)#/#g;
+	$path =~ s#/[^/]+/\.\.##g;
+	$path =~ s#/$##g;
+	$path =~ s#^\./## if $dot_slash_added;
+	$path =~ s#^/##;
+	$path =~ s#^\.$##;
+	return $path;
+}
+
+sub canonicalize_url {
+	my ($url) = @_;
+	$url =~ s#^([^:]+://[^/]*/)(.*)$#$1 . canonicalize_path($2)#e;
+	return $url;
+}
+
+# get_svnprops(PATH)
+# ------------------
+# Helper for cmd_propget and cmd_proplist below.
+sub get_svnprops {
+	my $path = shift;
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
+
+	# prefix THE PATH by the sub-directory from which the user
+	# invoked us.
+	$path = $cmd_dir_prefix . $path;
+	fatal("No such file or directory: $path") unless -e $path;
+	my $is_dir = -d $path ? 1 : 0;
+	$path = $gs->{path} . '/' . $path;
+
+	# canonicalize the path (otherwise libsvn will abort or fail to
+	# find the file)
+	$path = canonicalize_path($path);
+
+	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
+	my $props;
+	if ($is_dir) {
+		(undef, undef, $props) = $gs->ra->get_dir($path, $r);
+	}
+	else {
+		(undef, $props) = $gs->ra->get_file($path, $r, undef);
+	}
+	return $props;
+}
+
+# cmd_propget (PROP, PATH)
+# ------------------------
+# Print the SVN property PROP for PATH.
+sub cmd_propget {
+	my ($prop, $path) = @_;
+	$path = '.' if not defined $path;
+	usage(1) if not defined $prop;
+	my $props = get_svnprops($path);
+	if (not defined $props->{$prop}) {
+		fatal("`$path' does not have a `$prop' SVN property.");
+	}
+	print $props->{$prop} . "\n";
+}
+
+# cmd_proplist (PATH)
+# -------------------
+# Print the list of SVN properties for PATH.
+sub cmd_proplist {
+	my $path = shift;
+	$path = '.' if not defined $path;
+	my $props = get_svnprops($path);
+	print "Properties on '$path':\n";
+	foreach (sort keys %{$props}) {
+		print "  $_\n";
+	}
 }
 
 sub cmd_multi_init {
 	my $url = shift;
-	unless (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags) {
+	unless (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags) {
 		usage(1);
 	}
+
 	$_prefix = '' unless defined $_prefix;
 	if (defined $url) {
-		$url =~ s#/+$##;
+		$url = canonicalize_url($url);
 		init_subdir(@_);
 	}
 	do_git_init_db();
@@ -475,10 +893,14 @@ sub cmd_multi_init {
 						   undef, $trunk_ref);
 		}
 	}
-	return unless defined $_branches || defined $_tags;
+	return unless @_branches || @_tags;
 	my $ra = $url ? Git::SVN::Ra->new($url) : undef;
-	complete_url_ls_init($ra, $_branches, '--branches/-b', $_prefix);
-	complete_url_ls_init($ra, $_tags, '--tags/-t', $_prefix . 'tags/');
+	foreach my $path (@_branches) {
+		complete_url_ls_init($ra, $path, '--branches/-b', $_prefix);
+	}
+	foreach my $path (@_tags) {
+		complete_url_ls_init($ra, $path, '--tags/-t', $_prefix.'tags/');
+	}
 }
 
 sub cmd_multi_fetch {
@@ -494,9 +916,9 @@ sub cmd_multi_fetch {
 sub cmd_commit_diff {
 	my ($ta, $tb, $url) = @_;
 	my $usage = "Usage: $0 commit-diff -r<revision> ".
-	            "<tree-ish> <tree-ish> [<URL>]\n";
+	            "<tree-ish> <tree-ish> [<URL>]";
 	fatal($usage) if (!defined $ta || !defined $tb);
-	my $svn_path;
+	my $svn_path = '';
 	if (!defined $url) {
 		my $gs = eval { Git::SVN->new };
 		if (!$gs) {
@@ -512,7 +934,7 @@ sub cmd_commit_diff {
 	if (defined $_message && defined $_file) {
 		fatal("Both --message/-m and --file/-F specified ",
 		      "for the commit message.\n",
-		      "I have no idea what you mean\n");
+		      "I have no idea what you mean");
 	}
 	if (defined $_file) {
 		$_message = file_to_s($_file);
@@ -520,7 +942,6 @@ sub cmd_commit_diff {
 		$_message ||= get_commit_entry($tb)->{log};
 	}
 	my $ra ||= Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
-	$svn_path ||= $ra->{svn_path};
 	my $r = $_revision;
 	if ($r eq 'HEAD') {
 		$r = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
@@ -539,6 +960,153 @@ sub cmd_commit_diff {
 	}
 }
 
+sub escape_uri_only {
+	my ($uri) = @_;
+	my @tmp;
+	foreach (split m{/}, $uri) {
+		s/([^~\w.%+-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
+		push @tmp, $_;
+	}
+	join('/', @tmp);
+}
+
+sub escape_url {
+	my ($url) = @_;
+	if ($url =~ m#^([^:]+)://([^/]*)(.*)$#) {
+		my ($scheme, $domain, $uri) = ($1, $2, escape_uri_only($3));
+		$url = "$scheme://$domain$uri";
+	}
+	$url;
+}
+
+sub cmd_info {
+	my $path = canonicalize_path(defined($_[0]) ? $_[0] : ".");
+	my $fullpath = canonicalize_path($cmd_dir_prefix . $path);
+	if (exists $_[1]) {
+		die "Too many arguments specified\n";
+	}
+
+	my ($file_type, $diff_status) = find_file_type_and_diff_status($path);
+
+	if (!$file_type && !$diff_status) {
+		print STDERR "svn: '$path' is not under version control\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	unless ($gs) {
+		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
+		    "working tree history\n";
+	}
+
+	# canonicalize_path() will return "" to make libsvn 1.5.x happy,
+	$path = "." if $path eq "";
+
+	my $full_url = $url . ($fullpath eq "" ? "" : "/$fullpath");
+
+	if ($_url) {
+		print escape_url($full_url), "\n";
+		return;
+	}
+
+	my $result = "Path: $path\n";
+	$result .= "Name: " . basename($path) . "\n" if $file_type ne "dir";
+	$result .= "URL: " . escape_url($full_url) . "\n";
+
+	eval {
+		my $repos_root = $gs->repos_root;
+		Git::SVN::remove_username($repos_root);
+		$result .= "Repository Root: " . escape_url($repos_root) . "\n";
+	};
+	if ($@) {
+		$result .= "Repository Root: (offline)\n";
+	}
+	$result .= "Repository UUID: $uuid\n" unless $diff_status eq "A" &&
+		($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.5.4' || $file_type ne "dir");
+	$result .= "Revision: " . ($diff_status eq "A" ? 0 : $rev) . "\n";
+
+	$result .= "Node Kind: " .
+		   ($file_type eq "dir" ? "directory" : "file") . "\n";
+
+	my $schedule = $diff_status eq "A"
+		       ? "add"
+		       : ($diff_status eq "D" ? "delete" : "normal");
+	$result .= "Schedule: $schedule\n";
+
+	if ($diff_status eq "A") {
+		print $result, "\n";
+		return;
+	}
+
+	my ($lc_author, $lc_rev, $lc_date_utc);
+	my @args = Git::SVN::Log::git_svn_log_cmd($rev, $rev, "--", $fullpath);
+	my $log = command_output_pipe(@args);
+	my $esc_color = qr/(?:\033\[(?:(?:\d+;)*\d*)?m)*/;
+	while (<$log>) {
+		if (/^${esc_color}author (.+) <[^>]+> (\d+) ([\-\+]?\d+)$/o) {
+			$lc_author = $1;
+			$lc_date_utc = Git::SVN::Log::parse_git_date($2, $3);
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}    (git-svn-id:.+)$/o) {
+			(undef, $lc_rev, undef) = ::extract_metadata($1);
+		}
+	}
+	close $log;
+
+	Git::SVN::Log::set_local_timezone();
+
+	$result .= "Last Changed Author: $lc_author\n";
+	$result .= "Last Changed Rev: $lc_rev\n";
+	$result .= "Last Changed Date: " .
+		   Git::SVN::Log::format_svn_date($lc_date_utc) . "\n";
+
+	if ($file_type ne "dir") {
+		my $text_last_updated_date =
+		    ($diff_status eq "D" ? $lc_date_utc : (stat $path)[9]);
+		$result .=
+		    "Text Last Updated: " .
+		    Git::SVN::Log::format_svn_date($text_last_updated_date) .
+		    "\n";
+		my $checksum;
+		if ($diff_status eq "D") {
+			my ($fh, $ctx) =
+			    command_output_pipe(qw(cat-file blob), "HEAD:$path");
+			if ($file_type eq "link") {
+				my $file_name = <$fh>;
+				$checksum = md5sum("link $file_name");
+			} else {
+				$checksum = md5sum($fh);
+			}
+			command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
+		} elsif ($file_type eq "link") {
+			my $file_name =
+			    command(qw(cat-file blob), "HEAD:$path");
+			$checksum =
+			    md5sum("link " . $file_name);
+		} else {
+			open FILE, "<", $path or die $!;
+			$checksum = md5sum(\*FILE);
+			close FILE or die $!;
+		}
+		$result .= "Checksum: " . $checksum . "\n";
+	}
+
+	print $result, "\n";
+}
+
+sub cmd_reset {
+	my $target = shift || $_revision or die "SVN revision required\n";
+	$target = $1 if $target =~ /^r(\d+)$/;
+	$target =~ /^\d+$/ or die "Numeric SVN revision expected\n";
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	unless ($gs) {
+		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ".
+		    "history\n";
+	}
+	my ($r, $c) = $gs->find_rev_before($target, not $_fetch_parent);
+	$gs->rev_map_set($r, $c, 'reset', $uuid);
+	print "r$r = $c ($gs->{ref_id})\n";
+}
+
 ########################### utility functions #########################
 
 sub rebase_cmd {
@@ -562,8 +1130,7 @@ sub post_fetch_checkout {
 	my $index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/index";
 	return if -f $index;
 
-	chomp(my $bare = `git config --bool --get core.bare`);
-	return if $bare eq 'true';
+	return if command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree/) eq 'false';
 	return if command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir/) eq 'true';
 	command_noisy(qw/read-tree -m -u -v HEAD HEAD/);
 	print STDERR "Checked out HEAD:\n  ",
@@ -576,7 +1143,7 @@ sub complete_svn_url {
 	if ($path !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 		if (!defined $url || $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 			fatal("E: '$path' is not a complete URL ",
-			      "and a separate URL is not specified\n");
+			      "and a separate URL is not specified");
 		}
 		return ($url, $path);
 	}
@@ -597,7 +1164,7 @@ sub complete_url_ls_init {
 		$repo_path =~ s#^/+##;
 		unless ($ra) {
 			fatal("E: '$repo_path' is not a complete URL ",
-			      "and a separate URL is not specified\n");
+			      "and a separate URL is not specified");
 		}
 	}
 	my $url = $ra->{url};
@@ -609,15 +1176,19 @@ sub complete_url_ls_init {
 		    "wanted to set to: $gs->{url}\n";
 	}
 	command_oneline('config', $k, $gs->{url}) unless $orig_url;
-	my $remote_path = "$ra->{svn_path}/$repo_path/*";
+	my $remote_path = "$gs->{path}/$repo_path";
 	$remote_path =~ s#/+#/#g;
 	$remote_path =~ s#^/##g;
+	$remote_path .= "/*" if $remote_path !~ /\*/;
 	my ($n) = ($switch =~ /^--(\w+)/);
 	if (length $pfx && $pfx !~ m#/$#) {
 		die "--prefix='$pfx' must have a trailing slash '/'\n";
 	}
-	command_noisy('config', "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.$n",
-				"$remote_path:refs/remotes/$pfx*");
+	command_noisy('config',
+		      '--add',
+	              "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.$n",
+	              "$remote_path:refs/remotes/$pfx*" .
+	                ('/*' x (($remote_path =~ tr/*/*/) - 1)) );
 }
 
 sub verify_ref {
@@ -659,17 +1230,30 @@ sub get_commit_entry {
 		my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('cat-file',
 		                                         $type, $treeish);
 		my $in_msg = 0;
+		my $author;
+		my $saw_from = 0;
+		my $msgbuf = "";
 		while (<$msg_fh>) {
 			if (!$in_msg) {
 				$in_msg = 1 if (/^\s*$/);
+				$author = $1 if (/^author (.*>)/);
 			} elsif (/^git-svn-id: /) {
 				# skip this for now, we regenerate the
 				# correct one on re-fetch anyways
 				# TODO: set *:merge properties or like...
 			} else {
-				print $log_fh $_ or croak $!;
+				if (/^From:/ || /^Signed-off-by:/) {
+					$saw_from = 1;
+				}
+				$msgbuf .= $_;
 			}
 		}
+		$msgbuf =~ s/\s+$//s;
+		if ($Git::SVN::_add_author_from && defined($author)
+		    && !$saw_from) {
+			$msgbuf .= "\n\nFrom: $author";
+		}
+		print $log_fh $msgbuf or croak $!;
 		command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
 	}
 	close $log_fh or croak $!;
@@ -680,9 +1264,30 @@ sub get_commit_entry {
 		system($editor, $commit_editmsg);
 	}
 	rename $commit_editmsg, $commit_msg or croak $!;
-	open $log_fh, '<', $commit_msg or croak $!;
-	{ local $/; chomp($log_entry{log} = <$log_fh>); }
-	close $log_fh or croak $!;
+	{
+		require Encode;
+		# SVN requires messages to be UTF-8 when entering the repo
+		local $/;
+		open $log_fh, '<', $commit_msg or croak $!;
+		binmode $log_fh;
+		chomp($log_entry{log} = <$log_fh>);
+
+		my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding') || 'UTF-8';
+		my $msg = $log_entry{log};
+
+		eval { $msg = Encode::decode($enc, $msg, 1) };
+		if ($@) {
+			die "Could not decode as $enc:\n", $msg,
+			    "\nPerhaps you need to set i18n.commitencoding\n";
+		}
+
+		eval { $msg = Encode::encode('UTF-8', $msg, 1) };
+		die "Could not encode as UTF-8:\n$msg\n" if $@;
+
+		$log_entry{log} = $msg;
+
+		close $log_fh or croak $!;
+	}
 	unlink $commit_msg;
 	\%log_entry;
 }
@@ -711,7 +1316,7 @@ sub load_authors {
 	my $log = $cmd eq 'log';
 	while (<$authors>) {
 		chomp;
-		next unless /^(\S+?|\(no author\))\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.+)>\s*$/;
+		next unless /^(.+?|\(no author\))\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.+)>\s*$/;
 		my ($user, $name, $email) = ($1, $2, $3);
 		if ($log) {
 			$Git::SVN::Log::rusers{"$name <$email>"} = $user;
@@ -735,7 +1340,7 @@ sub read_repo_config {
 		my $v = $opts->{$o};
 		my ($key) = ($o =~ /^([a-zA-Z\-]+)/);
 		$key =~ s/-//g;
-		my $arg = 'git-config';
+		my $arg = 'git config';
 		$arg .= ' --int' if ($o =~ /[:=]i$/);
 		$arg .= ' --bool' if ($o !~ /[:=][sfi]$/);
 		if (ref $v eq 'ARRAY') {
@@ -753,12 +1358,12 @@ sub read_repo_config {
 
 sub extract_metadata {
 	my $id = shift or return (undef, undef, undef);
-	my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ($id =~ /^git-svn-id:\s(\S+?)\@(\d+)
-							\s([a-f\d\-]+)$/x);
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ($id =~ /^\s*git-svn-id:\s+(.*)\@(\d+)
+							\s([a-f\d\-]+)$/ix);
 	if (!defined $rev || !$uuid || !$url) {
 		# some of the original repositories I made had
 		# identifiers like this:
-		($rev, $uuid) = ($id =~/^git-svn-id:\s(\d+)\@([a-f\d\-]+)/);
+		($rev, $uuid) = ($id =~/^\s*git-svn-id:\s(\d+)\@([a-f\d\-]+)/i);
 	}
 	return ($url, $rev, $uuid);
 }
@@ -768,39 +1373,176 @@ sub cmt_metadata {
 		command(qw/cat-file commit/, shift)))[-1]);
 }
 
+sub cmt_sha2rev_batch {
+	my %s2r;
+	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = command_bidi_pipe(qw/cat-file --batch/);
+	my $list = shift;
+
+	foreach my $sha (@{$list}) {
+		my $first = 1;
+		my $size = 0;
+		print $out $sha, "\n";
+
+		while (my $line = <$in>) {
+			if ($first && $line =~ /^[[:xdigit:]]{40}\smissing$/) {
+				last;
+			} elsif ($first &&
+			       $line =~ /^[[:xdigit:]]{40}\scommit\s(\d+)$/) {
+				$first = 0;
+				$size = $1;
+				next;
+			} elsif ($line =~ /^(git-svn-id: )/) {
+				my (undef, $rev, undef) =
+				                      extract_metadata($line);
+				$s2r{$sha} = $rev;
+			}
+
+			$size -= length($line);
+			last if ($size == 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $in, $out, $ctx);
+
+	return \%s2r;
+}
+
 sub working_head_info {
 	my ($head, $refs) = @_;
-	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('rev-list', $head);
+	my @args = ('log', '--no-color', '--first-parent', '--pretty=medium');
+	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@args, $head);
+	my $hash;
+	my %max;
 	while (<$fh>) {
-		chomp;
-		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = cmt_metadata($_);
+		if ( m{^commit ($::sha1)$} ) {
+			unshift @$refs, $hash if $hash and $refs;
+			$hash = $1;
+			next;
+		}
+		next unless s{^\s*(git-svn-id:)}{$1};
+		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = extract_metadata($_);
 		if (defined $url && defined $rev) {
+			next if $max{$url} and $max{$url} < $rev;
 			if (my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($url)) {
-				my $c = $gs->rev_db_get($rev);
-				if ($c && $c eq $_) {
+				my $c = $gs->rev_map_get($rev, $uuid);
+				if ($c && $c eq $hash) {
 					close $fh; # break the pipe
 					return ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs);
+				} else {
+					$max{$url} ||= $gs->rev_map_max;
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		unshift @$refs, $_ if $refs;
 	}
 	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
 	(undef, undef, undef, undef);
 }
 
+sub read_commit_parents {
+	my ($parents, $c) = @_;
+	chomp(my $p = command_oneline(qw/rev-list --parents -1/, $c));
+	$p =~ s/^($c)\s*// or die "rev-list --parents -1 $c failed!\n";
+	@{$parents->{$c}} = split(/ /, $p);
+}
+
+sub linearize_history {
+	my ($gs, $refs) = @_;
+	my %parents;
+	foreach my $c (@$refs) {
+		read_commit_parents(\%parents, $c);
+	}
+
+	my @linear_refs;
+	my %skip = ();
+	my $last_svn_commit = $gs->last_commit;
+	foreach my $c (reverse @$refs) {
+		next if $c eq $last_svn_commit;
+		last if $skip{$c};
+
+		unshift @linear_refs, $c;
+		$skip{$c} = 1;
+
+		# we only want the first parent to diff against for linear
+		# history, we save the rest to inject when we finalize the
+		# svn commit
+		my $fp_a = verify_ref("$c~1");
+		my $fp_b = shift @{$parents{$c}} if $parents{$c};
+		if (!$fp_a || !$fp_b) {
+			die "Commit $c\n",
+			    "has no parent commit, and therefore ",
+			    "nothing to diff against.\n",
+			    "You should be working from a repository ",
+			    "originally created by git-svn\n";
+		}
+		if ($fp_a ne $fp_b) {
+			die "$c~1 = $fp_a, however parsing commit $c ",
+			    "revealed that:\n$c~1 = $fp_b\nBUG!\n";
+		}
+
+		foreach my $p (@{$parents{$c}}) {
+			$skip{$p} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	(\@linear_refs, \%parents);
+}
+
+sub find_file_type_and_diff_status {
+	my ($path) = @_;
+	return ('dir', '') if $path eq '';
+
+	my $diff_output =
+	    command_oneline(qw(diff --cached --name-status --), $path) || "";
+	my $diff_status = (split(' ', $diff_output))[0] || "";
+
+	my $ls_tree = command_oneline(qw(ls-tree HEAD), $path) || "";
+
+	return (undef, undef) if !$diff_status && !$ls_tree;
+
+	if ($diff_status eq "A") {
+		return ("link", $diff_status) if -l $path;
+		return ("dir", $diff_status) if -d $path;
+		return ("file", $diff_status);
+	}
+
+	my $mode = (split(' ', $ls_tree))[0] || "";
+
+	return ("link", $diff_status) if $mode eq "120000";
+	return ("dir", $diff_status) if $mode eq "040000";
+	return ("file", $diff_status);
+}
+
+sub md5sum {
+	my $arg = shift;
+	my $ref = ref $arg;
+	my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new();
+        if ($ref eq 'GLOB' || $ref eq 'IO::File' || $ref eq 'File::Temp') {
+		$md5->addfile($arg) or croak $!;
+	} elsif ($ref eq 'SCALAR') {
+		$md5->add($$arg) or croak $!;
+	} elsif (!$ref) {
+		$md5->add($arg) or croak $!;
+	} else {
+		::fatal "Can't provide MD5 hash for unknown ref type: '", $ref, "'";
+	}
+	return $md5->hexdigest();
+}
+
 package Git::SVN;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
+use Fcntl qw/:DEFAULT :seek/;
+use constant rev_map_fmt => 'NH40';
 use vars qw/$default_repo_id $default_ref_id $_no_metadata $_follow_parent
             $_repack $_repack_flags $_use_svm_props $_head
-            $_use_svnsync_props $no_reuse_existing/;
+            $_use_svnsync_props $no_reuse_existing $_minimize_url
+	    $_use_log_author $_add_author_from $_localtime/;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
 use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
 use File::Copy qw/copy/;
 use IPC::Open3;
 
-my $_repack_nr;
+my ($_gc_nr, $_gc_period);
+
 # properties that we do not log:
 my %SKIP_PROP;
 BEGIN {
@@ -814,30 +1556,34 @@ BEGIN {
 	# some options are read globally, but can be overridden locally
 	# per [svn-remote "..."] section.  Command-line options will *NOT*
 	# override options set in an [svn-remote "..."] section
-	my $e;
-	foreach (qw/follow_parent no_metadata use_svm_props
-	            use_svnsync_props/) {
-		my $key = $_;
+	no strict 'refs';
+	for my $option (qw/follow_parent no_metadata use_svm_props
+			   use_svnsync_props/) {
+		my $key = $option;
 		$key =~ tr/_//d;
-		$e .= "sub $_ {
-			my (\$self) = \@_;
-			return \$self->{-$_} if exists \$self->{-$_};
-			my \$k = \"svn-remote.\$self->{repo_id}\.$key\";
-			eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, \$k) };
-			if (\$@) {
-				\$self->{-$_} = \$Git::SVN::_$_;
+		my $prop = "-$option";
+		*$option = sub {
+			my ($self) = @_;
+			return $self->{$prop} if exists $self->{$prop};
+			my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.$key";
+			eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
+			if ($@) {
+				$self->{$prop} = ${"Git::SVN::_$option"};
 			} else {
-				my \$v = command_oneline(qw/config --bool/,\$k);
-				\$self->{-$_} = \$v eq 'false' ? 0 : 1;
+				my $v = command_oneline(qw/config --bool/,$k);
+				$self->{$prop} = $v eq 'false' ? 0 : 1;
 			}
-			return \$self->{-$_} }\n";
+			return $self->{$prop};
+		}
 	}
-	$e .= "1;\n";
-	eval $e or die $@;
 }
 
-my %LOCKFILES;
-END { unlink keys %LOCKFILES if %LOCKFILES }
+
+my (%LOCKFILES, %INDEX_FILES);
+END {
+	unlink keys %LOCKFILES if %LOCKFILES;
+	unlink keys %INDEX_FILES if %INDEX_FILES;
+}
 
 sub resolve_local_globs {
 	my ($url, $fetch, $glob_spec) = @_;
@@ -847,8 +1593,8 @@ sub resolve_local_globs {
 	foreach (command(qw#for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/remotes#)) {
 		next unless m#^refs/remotes/$ref->{regex}$#;
 		my $p = $1;
-		my $pathname = $path->full_path($p);
-		my $refname = $ref->full_path($p);
+		my $pathname = desanitize_refname($path->full_path($p));
+		my $refname = desanitize_refname($ref->full_path($p));
 		if (my $existing = $fetch->{$pathname}) {
 			if ($existing ne $refname) {
 				die "Refspec conflict:\n",
@@ -901,12 +1647,14 @@ sub fetch_all {
 	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
 	my $uuid = $ra->get_uuid;
 	my $head = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+	$ra->get_log("", $head, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub { $head = $_[1] });
 	my $base = defined $fetch ? $head : 0;
 
 	# read the max revs for wildcard expansion (branches/*, tags/*)
 	foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
 		defined $remote->{$t} or next;
-		push @globs, $remote->{$t};
+		push @globs, @{$remote->{$t}};
+
 		my $max_rev = eval { tmp_config(qw/--int --get/,
 		                         "svn-remote.$repo_id.${t}-maxRev") };
 		if (defined $max_rev && ($max_rev < $base)) {
@@ -919,7 +1667,7 @@ sub fetch_all {
 	if ($fetch) {
 		foreach my $p (sort keys %$fetch) {
 			my $gs = Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$p}, $repo_id, $p);
-			my $lr = $gs->rev_db_max;
+			my $lr = $gs->rev_map_max;
 			if (defined $lr) {
 				$base = $lr if ($lr < $base);
 			}
@@ -933,33 +1681,62 @@ sub fetch_all {
 
 sub read_all_remotes {
 	my $r = {};
+	my $use_svm_props = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --bool
+	    svn.useSvmProps/) };
+	$use_svm_props = $use_svm_props eq 'true' if $use_svm_props;
 	foreach (grep { s/^svn-remote\.// } command(qw/config -l/)) {
-		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=\s*(.*)\s*:\s*refs/remotes/(.+)\s*$!) {
-			$r->{$1}->{fetch}->{$2} = $3;
+		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=\s*(.*)\s*:\s*(.+)\s*$!) {
+			my ($remote, $local_ref, $_remote_ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
+			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$_remote_ref' "
+			    . "must start with 'refs/remotes/'\n")
+				unless $_remote_ref =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.+)};
+			my $remote_ref = $1;
+			$local_ref =~ s{^/}{};
+			$r->{$remote}->{fetch}->{$local_ref} = $remote_ref;
+			$r->{$remote}->{svm} = {} if $use_svm_props;
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.usesvmprops=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{svm} = {};
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.url=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
 			$r->{$1}->{url} = $2;
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=
 		           (.*):refs/remotes/(.+)\s*$/!x) {
 			my ($p, $g) = ($3, $4);
-			my $rs = $r->{$1}->{$2} = {
-			                  t => $2,
-					  remote => $1,
-			                  path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($p),
-			                  ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($g) };
+			my $rs = {
+			    t => $2,
+			    remote => $1,
+			    path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($p),
+			    ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($g) };
 			if (length($rs->{ref}->{right}) != 0) {
 				die "The '*' glob character must be the last ",
 				    "character of '$g'\n";
 			}
+			push @{ $r->{$1}->{$2} }, $rs;
 		}
 	}
+
+	map {
+		if (defined $r->{$_}->{svm}) {
+			my $svm;
+			eval {
+				my $section = "svn-remote.$_";
+				$svm = {
+					source => tmp_config('--get',
+					    "$section.svm-source"),
+					replace => tmp_config('--get',
+					    "$section.svm-replace"),
+				}
+			};
+			$r->{$_}->{svm} = $svm;
+		}
+	} keys %$r;
+
 	$r;
 }
 
 sub init_vars {
-	if (defined $_repack) {
-		$_repack = 1000 if ($_repack <= 0);
-		$_repack_nr = $_repack;
-		$_repack_flags ||= '-d';
+	$_gc_nr = $_gc_period = 1000;
+	if (defined $_repack || defined $_repack_flags) {
+	       warn "Repack options are obsolete; they have no effect.\n";
 	}
 }
 
@@ -980,13 +1757,6 @@ sub verify_remotes_sanity {
 	}
 }
 
-# we allow more chars than remotes2config.sh...
-sub sanitize_remote_name {
-	my ($name) = @_;
-	$name =~ tr{A-Za-z0-9:,/+-}{.}c;
-	$name;
-}
-
 sub find_existing_remote {
 	my ($url, $remotes) = @_;
 	return undef if $no_reuse_existing;
@@ -1011,7 +1781,7 @@ sub init_remote_config {
 				     "[svn-remote \"$existing\"]\n";
 		}
 		$self->{repo_id} = $existing;
-	} else {
+	} elsif ($_minimize_url) {
 		my $min_url = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url)->minimize_url;
 		$existing = find_existing_remote($min_url, $r);
 		if ($existing) {
@@ -1055,6 +1825,7 @@ sub init_remote_config {
 	unless ($no_write) {
 		command_noisy('config',
 			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url", $url);
+		$self->{path} =~ s{^/}{};
 		command_noisy('config', '--add',
 			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.fetch",
 			      "$self->{path}:".$self->refname);
@@ -1064,7 +1835,10 @@ sub init_remote_config {
 
 sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
 	my ($class, $full_url, $repos_root, $path) = @_;
+
 	return undef unless defined $full_url;
+	remove_username($full_url);
+	remove_username($repos_root) if defined $repos_root;
 	my $remotes = read_all_remotes();
 	if (defined $full_url && defined $repos_root && !defined $path) {
 		$path = $full_url;
@@ -1072,17 +1846,33 @@ sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
 	}
 	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$remotes) {
 		my $u = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
+		remove_username($u);
 		next if defined $repos_root && $repos_root ne $u;
 
 		my $fetch = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{fetch} || {};
-		foreach (qw/branches tags/) {
-			resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch,
-			                    $remotes->{$repo_id}->{$_});
+		foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
+			foreach my $globspec (@{$remotes->{$repo_id}->{$t}}) {
+				resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch, $globspec);
+			}
 		}
 		my $p = $path;
+		my $rwr = rewrite_root({repo_id => $repo_id});
+		my $svm = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm}
+			if defined $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm};
 		unless (defined $p) {
 			$p = $full_url;
-			$p =~ s#^\Q$u\E(?:/|$)## or next;
+			my $z = $u;
+			my $prefix = '';
+			if ($rwr) {
+				$z = $rwr;
+				remove_username($z);
+			} elsif (defined $svm) {
+				$z = $svm->{source};
+				$prefix = $svm->{replace};
+				$prefix =~ s#^\Q$u\E(?:/|$)##;
+				$prefix =~ s#/$##;
+			}
+			$p =~ s#^\Q$z\E(?:/|$)#$prefix# or next;
 		}
 		foreach my $f (keys %$fetch) {
 			next if $f ne $p;
@@ -1141,7 +1931,40 @@ sub new {
 	$self;
 }
 
-sub refname { "refs/remotes/$_[0]->{ref_id}" }
+sub refname {
+	my ($refname) = "refs/remotes/$_[0]->{ref_id}" ;
+
+	# It cannot end with a slash /, we'll throw up on this because
+	# SVN can't have directories with a slash in their name, either:
+	if ($refname =~ m{/$}) {
+		die "ref: '$refname' ends with a trailing slash, this is ",
+		    "not permitted by git nor Subversion\n";
+	}
+
+	# It cannot have ASCII control character space, tilde ~, caret ^,
+	# colon :, question-mark ?, asterisk *, space, or open bracket [
+	# anywhere.
+	#
+	# Additionally, % must be escaped because it is used for escaping
+	# and we want our escaped refname to be reversible
+	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{uc sprintf('%%%02x',ord($1))}eg;
+
+	# no slash-separated component can begin with a dot .
+	# /.* becomes /%2E*
+	$refname =~ s{/\.}{/%2E}g;
+
+	# It cannot have two consecutive dots .. anywhere
+	# .. becomes %2E%2E
+	$refname =~ s{\.\.}{%2E%2E}g;
+
+	return $refname;
+}
+
+sub desanitize_refname {
+	my ($refname) = @_;
+	$refname =~ s{%(?:([0-9A-F]{2}))}{chr hex($1)}eg;
+	return $refname;
+}
 
 sub svm_uuid {
 	my ($self) = @_;
@@ -1188,7 +2011,7 @@ sub _set_svm_vars {
 
 		chomp($src, $uuid);
 
-		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}
+		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}i
 		    or die "doesn't look right - svm:uuid is '$uuid'\n";
 
 		# the '!' is used to mark the repos_root!/relative/path
@@ -1268,10 +2091,16 @@ sub svnsync {
 	# see if we have it in our config, first:
 	eval {
 		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
-		$svnsync = {
-		  url => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-url"),
-		  uuid => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-uuid"),
-		}
+
+		my $url = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-url");
+		($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
+		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
+
+		my $uuid = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-uuid");
+		($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
+		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
+
+		$svnsync = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid }
 	};
 	if ($svnsync && $svnsync->{url} && $svnsync->{uuid}) {
 		return $self->{svnsync} = $svnsync;
@@ -1282,11 +2111,11 @@ sub svnsync {
 	my $rp = $self->ra->rev_proplist(0);
 
 	my $url = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-url'} or die $err . "url\n";
-	$url =~ m{^[a-z\+]+://} or
+	($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
 	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
 
 	my $uuid = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-uuid'} or die $err . "uuid\n";
-	$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$} or
+	($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
 	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
 
 	my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
@@ -1302,7 +2131,7 @@ sub ra_uuid {
 	unless ($self->{ra_uuid}) {
 		my $key = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.uuid";
 		my $uuid = eval { tmp_config('--get', $key) };
-		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/) {
+		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/i) {
 			$self->{ra_uuid} = $uuid;
 		} else {
 			die "ra_uuid called without URL\n" unless $self->{url};
@@ -1313,9 +2142,24 @@ sub ra_uuid {
 	$self->{ra_uuid};
 }
 
+sub _set_repos_root {
+	my ($self, $repos_root) = @_;
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
+	$repos_root ||= $self->ra->{repos_root};
+	tmp_config($k, $repos_root);
+	$repos_root;
+}
+
+sub repos_root {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
+	eval { tmp_config('--get', $k) } || $self->_set_repos_root;
+}
+
 sub ra {
 	my ($self) = shift;
 	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($self->{url});
+	$self->_set_repos_root($ra->{repos_root});
 	if ($self->use_svm_props && !$self->{svm}) {
 		if ($self->no_metadata) {
 			die "Can't have both 'noMetadata' and ",
@@ -1330,38 +2174,46 @@ sub ra {
 	$ra;
 }
 
-sub rel_path {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
-	return $self->{path} if ($self->{url} eq $repos_root);
-	my $url = $self->{url} .
-	          (length $self->{path} ? "/$self->{path}" : $self->{path});
-	$url =~ s!^\Q$repos_root\E(?:/+|$)!!g;
-	$url;
-}
-
-sub traverse_ignore {
-	my ($self, $fh, $path, $r) = @_;
-	$path =~ s#^/+##g;
-	my $ra = $self->ra;
-	my ($dirent, undef, $props) = $ra->get_dir($path, $r);
+# prop_walk(PATH, REV, SUB)
+# -------------------------
+# Recursively traverse PATH at revision REV and invoke SUB for each
+# directory that contains a SVN property.  SUB will be invoked as
+# follows:  &SUB(gs, path, props);  where `gs' is this instance of
+# Git::SVN, `path' the path to the directory where the properties
+# `props' were found.  The `path' will be relative to point of checkout,
+# that is, if url://repo/trunk is the current Git branch, and that
+# directory contains a sub-directory `d', SUB will be invoked with `/d/'
+# as `path' (note the trailing `/').
+sub prop_walk {
+	my ($self, $path, $rev, $sub) = @_;
+
+	$path =~ s#^/##;
+	my ($dirent, undef, $props) = $self->ra->get_dir($path, $rev);
+	$path =~ s#^/*#/#g;
 	my $p = $path;
-	$p =~ s#^\Q$self->{path}\E(/|$)##;
-	print $fh length $p ? "\n# $p\n" : "\n# /\n";
-	if (my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'}) {
-		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
-		chomp $s;
-		if (length $p == 0) {
-			$s =~ s#\n#\n/$p#g;
-			print $fh "/$s\n";
-		} else {
-			$s =~ s#\n#\n/$p/#g;
-			print $fh "/$p/$s\n";
-		}
-	}
+	# Strip the irrelevant part of the path.
+	$p =~ s#^/+\Q$self->{path}\E(/|$)#/#;
+	# Ensure the path is terminated by a `/'.
+	$p =~ s#/*$#/#;
+
+	# The properties contain all the internal SVN stuff nobody
+	# (usually) cares about.
+	my $interesting_props = 0;
+	foreach (keys %{$props}) {
+		# If it doesn't start with `svn:', it must be a
+		# user-defined property.
+		++$interesting_props and next if $_ !~ /^svn:/;
+		# FIXME: Fragile, if SVN adds new public properties,
+		# this needs to be updated.
+		++$interesting_props if /^svn:(?:ignore|keywords|executable
+		                                 |eol-style|mime-type
+						 |externals|needs-lock)$/x;
+	}
+	&$sub($self, $p, $props) if $interesting_props;
+
 	foreach (sort keys %$dirent) {
-		next if $dirent->{$_}->kind != $SVN::Node::dir;
-		$self->traverse_ignore($fh, "$path/$_", $r);
+		next if $dirent->{$_}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
+		$self->prop_walk($self->{path} . $p . $_, $rev, $sub);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1382,38 +2234,20 @@ sub last_rev_commit {
 			return ($rev, $c);
 		}
 	}
-	my $db_path = $self->db_path;
-	unless (-e $db_path) {
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	unless (-e $map_path) {
 		($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = (undef, undef);
 		return (undef, undef);
 	}
-	my $offset = -41; # from tail
-	my $rl;
-	open my $fh, '<', $db_path or croak "$db_path not readable: $!\n";
-	sysseek($fh, $offset, 2); # don't care for errors
-	sysread($fh, $rl, 41) == 41 or return (undef, undef);
-	chomp $rl;
-	while (('0' x40) eq $rl && sysseek($fh, 0, 1) != 0) {
-		$offset -= 41;
-		sysseek($fh, $offset, 2); # don't care for errors
-		sysread($fh, $rl, 41) == 41 or return (undef, undef);
-		chomp $rl;
-	}
-	if ($c && $c ne $rl) {
-		die "$db_path and ", $self->refname,
-		    " inconsistent!:\n$c != $rl\n";
-	}
-	my $rev = sysseek($fh, 0, 1) or croak $!;
-	$rev =  ($rev - 41) / 41;
-	close $fh or croak $!;
-	($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $c);
-	return ($rev, $c);
+	my ($rev, $commit) = $self->rev_map_max(1);
+	($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $commit);
+	return ($rev, $commit);
 }
 
 sub get_fetch_range {
 	my ($self, $min, $max) = @_;
 	$max ||= $self->ra->get_latest_revnum;
-	$min ||= $self->rev_db_max;
+	$min ||= $self->rev_map_max;
 	(++$min, $max);
 }
 
@@ -1421,7 +2255,7 @@ sub tmp_config {
 	my (@args) = @_;
 	my $old_def_config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config";
 	my $config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.metadata";
-	if (-e $old_def_config && ! -e $config) {
+	if (! -f $config && -f $old_def_config) {
 		rename $old_def_config, $config or
 		       die "Failed rename $old_def_config => $config: $!\n";
 	}
@@ -1488,7 +2322,7 @@ sub assert_index_clean {
 		$x = command_oneline('write-tree');
 		if ($y ne $x) {
 			::fatal "trees ($treeish) $y != $x\n",
-			        "Something is seriously wrong...\n";
+			        "Something is seriously wrong...";
 		}
 	});
 }
@@ -1505,6 +2339,11 @@ sub get_commit_parents {
 	if (my $cur = ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0')) {
 		push @tmp, $cur;
 	}
+	if (my $ipd = $self->{inject_parents_dcommit}) {
+		if (my $commit = delete $ipd->{$log_entry->{revision}}) {
+			push @tmp, @$commit;
+		}
+	}
 	push @tmp, $_ foreach (@{$log_entry->{parents}}, @tmp);
 	while (my $p = shift @tmp) {
 		next if $seen{$p};
@@ -1545,6 +2384,47 @@ sub full_url {
 	$self->{url} . (length $self->{path} ? '/' . $self->{path} : '');
 }
 
+
+sub set_commit_header_env {
+	my ($log_entry) = @_;
+	my %env;
+	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
+		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
+			$env{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"} = $ENV{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"};
+		}
+	}
+
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} = $log_entry->{name};
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $log_entry->{email};
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} = $log_entry->{date};
+
+	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_name})
+						? $log_entry->{commit_name}
+						: $log_entry->{name};
+	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_email})
+						? $log_entry->{commit_email}
+						: $log_entry->{email};
+	\%env;
+}
+
+sub restore_commit_header_env {
+	my ($env) = @_;
+	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
+		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
+			my $k = "GIT_${ac}_${ned}";
+			if (defined $env->{$k}) {
+				$ENV{$k} = $env->{$k};
+			} else {
+				delete $ENV{$k};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub gc {
+	command_noisy('gc', '--auto');
+};
+
 sub do_git_commit {
 	my ($self, $log_entry) = @_;
 	my $lr = $self->last_rev;
@@ -1553,15 +2433,11 @@ sub do_git_commit {
 		    " was r$lr, but we are about to fetch: ",
 		    "r$log_entry->{revision}!\n";
 	}
-	if (my $c = $self->rev_db_get($log_entry->{revision})) {
+	if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($log_entry->{revision})) {
 		croak "$log_entry->{revision} = $c already exists! ",
 		      "Why are we refetching it?\n";
 	}
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} = $log_entry->{name};
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} =
-	                                                  $log_entry->{email};
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} = $log_entry->{date};
-
+	my $old_env = set_commit_header_env($log_entry);
 	my $tree = $log_entry->{tree};
 	if (!defined $tree) {
 		$tree = $self->tmp_index_do(sub {
@@ -1569,13 +2445,22 @@ sub do_git_commit {
 	}
 	die "Tree is not a valid sha1: $tree\n" if $tree !~ /^$::sha1$/o;
 
-	my @exec = ('git-commit-tree', $tree);
+	my @exec = ('git', 'commit-tree', $tree);
 	foreach ($self->get_commit_parents($log_entry)) {
 		push @exec, '-p', $_;
 	}
 	defined(my $pid = open3(my $msg_fh, my $out_fh, '>&STDERR', @exec))
 	                                                           or croak $!;
+	binmode $msg_fh;
+
+	# we always get UTF-8 from SVN, but we may want our commits in
+	# a different encoding.
+	if (my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding')) {
+		require Encode;
+		Encode::from_to($log_entry->{log}, 'UTF-8', $enc);
+	}
 	print $msg_fh $log_entry->{log} or croak $!;
+	restore_commit_header_env($old_env);
 	unless ($self->no_metadata) {
 		print $msg_fh "\ngit-svn-id: $log_entry->{metadata}\n"
 		              or croak $!;
@@ -1590,23 +2475,20 @@ sub do_git_commit {
 		die "Failed to commit, invalid sha1: $commit\n";
 	}
 
-	$self->rev_db_set($log_entry->{revision}, $commit, 1);
+	$self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{revision}, $commit, 1);
 
 	$self->{last_rev} = $log_entry->{revision};
 	$self->{last_commit} = $commit;
-	print "r$log_entry->{revision}";
+	print "r$log_entry->{revision}" unless $::_q > 1;
 	if (defined $log_entry->{svm_revision}) {
-		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})";
-		 $self->rev_db_set($log_entry->{svm_revision}, $commit,
+		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})" unless $::_q > 1;
+		 $self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{svm_revision}, $commit,
 		                   0, $self->svm_uuid);
 	}
-	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n";
-	if (defined $_repack && (--$_repack_nr == 0)) {
-		$_repack_nr = $_repack;
-		# repack doesn't use any arguments with spaces in them, does it?
-		print "Running git repack $_repack_flags ...\n";
-		command_noisy('repack', split(/\s+/, $_repack_flags));
-		print "Done repacking\n";
+	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n" unless $::_q > 1;
+	if (--$_gc_nr == 0) {
+		$_gc_nr = $_gc_period;
+		gc();
 	}
 	return $commit;
 }
@@ -1640,15 +2522,14 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 	unless (defined $paths) {
 		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
 		$SVN::Error::handler = \&Git::SVN::Ra::skip_unknown_revs;
-		$self->ra->get_log([$self->{path}], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1, sub {
-		                   $paths =
-				      Git::SVN::Ra::dup_changed_paths($_[0]) });
+		$self->ra->get_log([$self->{path}], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1,
+				   sub { $paths = $_[0] });
 		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
 	}
 	return undef unless defined $paths;
 
 	# look for a parent from another branch:
-	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->rel_path;
+	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->{path};
 	my @a_path_components;
 	my $i;
 	while (@b_path_components) {
@@ -1666,24 +2547,27 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 	my $r = $i->{copyfrom_rev};
 	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
 	my $url = $self->ra->{url};
-	my $new_url = $repos_root . $branch_from;
+	my $new_url = $url . $branch_from;
 	print STDERR  "Found possible branch point: ",
 	              "$new_url => ", $self->full_url, ", $r\n";
 	$branch_from =~ s#^/##;
-	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $repos_root, $branch_from);
-	unless ($gs) {
-		my $ref_id = $self->{ref_id};
-		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+$//;
-		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
-		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
-		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
-		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n";
-		$gs = Git::SVN->init($new_url, '', $ref_id, $ref_id, 1);
-	}
+	my $gs = $self->other_gs($new_url, $url,
+		                 $branch_from, $r, $self->{ref_id});
 	my ($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
-	if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
-		$gs->fetch(0, $r);
-		($r0, $parent) = $gs->last_rev_commit;
+	{
+		my ($base, $head);
+		if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
+			($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument(0, $r);
+		} else {
+			if ($r0 < $r) {
+				$gs->ra->get_log([$gs->{path}], $r0 + 1, $r, 1,
+					0, 1, sub { $base = $_[1] - 1 });
+			}
+		}
+		if (defined $base && $base <= $r) {
+			$gs->fetch($base, $r);
+		}
+		($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
 	}
 	if (defined $r0 && defined $parent) {
 		print STDERR "Found branch parent: ($self->{ref_id}) $parent\n";
@@ -1694,11 +2578,22 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 			# do_switch works with svn/trunk >= r22312, but that
 			# is not included with SVN 1.4.3 (the latest version
 			# at the moment), so we can't rely on it
+			$self->{last_rev} = $r0;
 			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
-			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
+			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self, $gs->{path});
 			$gs->ra->gs_do_switch($r0, $rev, $gs,
 					      $self->full_url, $ed)
 			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
+		} elsif ($self->ra->trees_match($new_url, $r0,
+			                        $self->full_url, $rev)) {
+			print STDERR "Trees match:\n",
+			             "  $new_url\@$r0\n",
+			             "  ${\$self->full_url}\@$rev\n",
+				     "Following parent with no changes\n";
+			$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
+			    command_noisy('read-tree', $parent);
+			});
+			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
 		} else {
 			print STDERR "Following parent with do_update\n";
 			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
@@ -1783,12 +2678,99 @@ sub get_untracked {
 	\@out;
 }
 
+# parse_svn_date(DATE)
+# --------------------
+# Given a date (in UTC) from Subversion, return a string in the format
+# "<TZ Offset> <local date/time>" that Git will use.
+#
+# By default the parsed date will be in UTC; if $Git::SVN::_localtime
+# is true we'll convert it to the local timezone instead.
 sub parse_svn_date {
 	my $date = shift || return '+0000 1970-01-01 00:00:00';
 	my ($Y,$m,$d,$H,$M,$S) = ($date =~ /^(\d{4})\-(\d\d)\-(\d\d)T
-	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d).\d+Z$/x) or
+	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d)\.\d*Z$/x) or
 	                                 croak "Unable to parse date: $date\n";
-	"+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
+	my $parsed_date;    # Set next.
+
+	if ($Git::SVN::_localtime) {
+		# Translate the Subversion datetime to an epoch time.
+		# Begin by switching ourselves to $date's timezone, UTC.
+		my $old_env_TZ = $ENV{TZ};
+		$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
+
+		my $epoch_in_UTC =
+		    POSIX::strftime('%s', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+
+		# Determine our local timezone (including DST) at the
+		# time of $epoch_in_UTC.  $Git::SVN::Log::TZ stored the
+		# value of TZ, if any, at the time we were run.
+		if (defined $Git::SVN::Log::TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $Git::SVN::Log::TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+
+		my $our_TZ =
+		    POSIX::strftime('%Z', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+
+		# This converts $epoch_in_UTC into our local timezone.
+		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year,
+		    $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($epoch_in_UTC);
+
+		$parsed_date = sprintf('%s %04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d',
+				       $our_TZ, $year + 1900, $mon + 1,
+				       $mday, $hour, $min, $sec);
+
+		# Reset us to the timezone in effect when we entered
+		# this routine.
+		if (defined $old_env_TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $old_env_TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+	} else {
+		$parsed_date = "+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
+	}
+
+	return $parsed_date;
+}
+
+sub other_gs {
+	my ($self, $new_url, $url,
+	    $branch_from, $r, $old_ref_id) = @_;
+	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $url, $branch_from);
+	unless ($gs) {
+		my $ref_id = $old_ref_id;
+		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+$//;
+		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
+		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
+		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
+		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n";
+		my ($u, $p, $repo_id) = ($new_url, '', $ref_id);
+		if ($u =~ s#^\Q$url\E(/|$)##) {
+			$p = $u;
+			$u = $url;
+			$repo_id = $self->{repo_id};
+		}
+		$gs = Git::SVN->init($u, $p, $repo_id, $ref_id, 1);
+	}
+	$gs
+}
+
+sub call_authors_prog {
+	my ($orig_author) = @_;
+	my $author = `$::_authors_prog $orig_author`;
+	if ($? != 0) {
+		die "$::_authors_prog failed with exit code $?\n"
+	}
+	if ($author =~ /^\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/) {
+		my ($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
+		$email = undef if length $2 == 0;
+		return [$name, $email];
+	} else {
+		die "Author: $orig_author: $::_authors_prog returned "
+			. "invalid author format: $author\n";
+	}
 }
 
 sub check_author {
@@ -1796,8 +2778,12 @@ sub check_author {
 	if (!defined $author || length $author == 0) {
 		$author = '(no author)';
 	}
-	if (defined $::_authors && ! defined $::users{$author}) {
-		die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
+	if (!defined $::users{$author}) {
+		if (defined $::_authors_prog) {
+			$::users{$author} = call_authors_prog($author);
+		} elsif (defined $::_authors) {
+			die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
+		}
 	}
 	$author;
 }
@@ -1836,13 +2822,34 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 	$log_entry{log} .= "\n";
 	my $author = $log_entry{author} = check_author($log_entry{author});
 	my ($name, $email) = defined $::users{$author} ? @{$::users{$author}}
-	                                               : ($author, undef);
+						       : ($author, undef);
+
+	my ($commit_name, $commit_email) = ($name, $email);
+	if ($_use_log_author) {
+		my $name_field;
+		if ($log_entry{log} =~ /From:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
+			$name_field = $1;
+		} elsif ($log_entry{log} =~ /Signed-off-by:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
+			$name_field = $1;
+		}
+		if (!defined $name_field) {
+			if (!defined $email) {
+				$email = $name;
+			}
+		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*?)\s+<(.*)>/) {
+			($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
+		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*)@/) {
+			($name, $email) = ($1, $name_field);
+		} else {
+			($name, $email) = ($name_field, $name_field);
+		}
+	}
 	if (defined $headrev && $self->use_svm_props) {
 		if ($self->rewrite_root) {
 			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
 			    "options set!\n";
 		}
-		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$};
+		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$}i;
 		# we don't want "SVM: initializing mirror for junk" ...
 		return undef if $r == 0;
 		my $svm = $self->svm;
@@ -1859,20 +2866,28 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 		remove_username($full_url);
 		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$r $uuid";
 		$log_entry{svm_revision} = $r;
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid"
+		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
 	} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
 		my $full_url = $self->svnsync->{url};
 		$full_url .= "/$self->{path}" if length $self->{path};
+		remove_username($full_url);
 		my $uuid = $self->svnsync->{uuid};
 		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$rev $uuid";
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid"
+		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
 	} else {
-		$log_entry{metadata} = $self->metadata_url. "\@$rev " .
+		my $url = $self->metadata_url;
+		remove_username($url);
+		$log_entry{metadata} = "$url\@$rev " .
 		                       $self->ra->get_uuid;
 		$email ||= "$author\@" . $self->ra->get_uuid;
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@" . $self->ra->get_uuid;
 	}
 	$log_entry{name} = $name;
 	$log_entry{email} = $email;
+	$log_entry{commit_name} = $commit_name;
+	$log_entry{commit_email} = $commit_email;
 	\%log_entry;
 }
 
@@ -1893,7 +2908,7 @@ sub set_tree {
 	my ($self, $tree) = (shift, shift);
 	my $log_entry = ::get_commit_entry($tree);
 	unless ($self->{last_rev}) {
-		fatal("Must have an existing revision to commit\n");
+		::fatal("Must have an existing revision to commit");
 	}
 	my %ed_opts = ( r => $self->{last_rev},
 	                log => $log_entry->{log},
@@ -1908,30 +2923,56 @@ sub set_tree {
 	}
 }
 
+sub rebuild_from_rev_db {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	my $r = -1;
+	open my $fh, '<', $path or croak "open: $!";
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		length($_) == 41 or croak "inconsistent size in ($_) != 41";
+		chomp($_);
+		++$r;
+		next if $_ eq ('0' x 40);
+		$self->rev_map_set($r, $_);
+		print "r$r = $_\n";
+	}
+	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+	unlink $path or croak "unlink: $!";
+}
+
 sub rebuild {
 	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $db_path = $self->db_path;
-	return if (-e $db_path && ! -z $db_path);
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	my $partial = (-e $map_path && ! -z $map_path);
 	return unless ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0');
-	if (-f $self->{db_root}) {
-		rename $self->{db_root}, $db_path or die
-		     "rename $self->{db_root} => $db_path failed: $!\n";
-		my ($dir, $base) = ($db_path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-		symlink $base, $self->{db_root} or die
-		     "symlink $base => $self->{db_root} failed: $!\n";
+	if (!$partial && ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata)) {
+		my $rev_db = $self->rev_db_path;
+		$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($rev_db);
+		if ($self->use_svm_props) {
+			my $svm_rev_db = $self->rev_db_path($self->svm_uuid);
+			$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($svm_rev_db);
+		}
+		$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
 		return;
 	}
-	print "Rebuilding $db_path ...\n";
-	my ($rev_list, $ctx) = command_output_pipe("rev-list", $self->refname);
-	my $latest;
-	my $full_url = $self->full_url;
-	remove_username($full_url);
-	my $svn_uuid;
-	while (<$rev_list>) {
-		chomp;
-		my $c = $_;
-		die "Non-SHA1: $c\n" unless $c =~ /^$::sha1$/o;
-		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ::cmt_metadata($c);
+	print "Rebuilding $map_path ...\n" if (!$partial);
+	my ($base_rev, $head) = ($partial ? $self->rev_map_max_norebuild(1) :
+		(undef, undef));
+	my ($log, $ctx) =
+	    command_output_pipe(qw/rev-list --pretty=raw --no-color --reverse/,
+				($head ? "$head.." : "") . $self->refname,
+				'--');
+	my $metadata_url = $self->metadata_url;
+	remove_username($metadata_url);
+	my $svn_uuid = $self->ra_uuid;
+	my $c;
+	while (<$log>) {
+		if ( m{^commit ($::sha1)$} ) {
+			$c = $1;
+			next;
+		}
+		next unless s{^\s*(git-svn-id:)}{$1};
+		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ::extract_metadata($_);
 		remove_username($url);
 
 		# ignore merges (from set-tree)
@@ -1939,46 +2980,99 @@ sub rebuild {
 
 		# if we merged or otherwise started elsewhere, this is
 		# how we break out of it
-		if ((defined $svn_uuid && ($uuid ne $svn_uuid)) ||
-		    ($full_url && $url && ($url ne $full_url))) {
+		if (($uuid ne $svn_uuid) ||
+		    ($metadata_url && $url && ($url ne $metadata_url))) {
 			next;
 		}
-		$latest ||= $rev;
-		$svn_uuid ||= $uuid;
+		if ($partial && $head) {
+			print "Partial-rebuilding $map_path ...\n";
+			print "Currently at $base_rev = $head\n";
+			$head = undef;
+		}
 
-		$self->rev_db_set($rev, $c);
+		$self->rev_map_set($rev, $c);
 		print "r$rev = $c\n";
 	}
-	command_close_pipe($rev_list, $ctx);
-	print "Done rebuilding $db_path\n";
+	command_close_pipe($log, $ctx);
+	print "Done rebuilding $map_path\n" if (!$partial || !$head);
+	my $rev_db_path = $self->rev_db_path;
+	if (-f $self->rev_db_path) {
+		unlink $self->rev_db_path or croak "unlink: $!";
+	}
+	$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
 }
 
-# rev_db:
+# rev_map:
 # Tie::File seems to be prone to offset errors if revisions get sparse,
 # it's not that fast, either.  Tie::File is also not in Perl 5.6.  So
 # one of my favorite modules is out :<  Next up would be one of the DBM
-# modules, but I'm not sure which is most portable...  So I'll just
-# go with something that's plain-text, but still capable of
-# being randomly accessed.  So here's my ultra-simple fixed-width
-# database.  All records are 40 characters + "\n", so it's easy to seek
-# to a revision: (41 * rev) is the byte offset.
-# A record of 40 0s denotes an empty revision.
-# And yes, it's still pretty fast (faster than Tie::File).
+# modules, but I'm not sure which is most portable...
+#
+# This is the replacement for the rev_db format, which was too big
+# and inefficient for large repositories with a lot of sparse history
+# (mainly tags)
+#
+# The format is this:
+#   - 24 bytes for every record,
+#     * 4 bytes for the integer representing an SVN revision number
+#     * 20 bytes representing the sha1 of a git commit
+#   - No empty padding records like the old format
+#     (except the last record, which can be overwritten)
+#   - new records are written append-only since SVN revision numbers
+#     increase monotonically
+#   - lookups on SVN revision number are done via a binary search
+#   - Piping the file to xxd -c24 is a good way of dumping it for
+#     viewing or editing (piped back through xxd -r), should the need
+#     ever arise.
+#   - The last record can be padding revision with an all-zero sha1
+#     This is used to optimize fetch performance when using multiple
+#     "fetch" directives in .git/config
+#
 # These files are disposable unless noMetadata or useSvmProps is set
 
-sub _rev_db_set {
+sub _rev_map_set {
 	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
-	my $offset = $rev * 41;
-	# assume that append is the common case:
-	seek $fh, 0, 2 or croak $!;
-	my $pos = tell $fh;
-	if ($pos < $offset) {
-		for (1 .. (($offset - $pos) / 41)) {
-			print $fh (('0' x 40),"\n") or croak $!;
+
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	my $wr_offset = 0;
+	if ($size > 0) {
+		sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+		my $read = sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) or croak "read: $!";
+		$read == 24 or croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
+		my ($last_rev, $last_commit) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+		if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
+			if ($size >= 48) {
+				sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+				$read = sysread($fh, $buf, 24) or
+				    croak "read: $!";
+				$read == 24 or
+				    croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
+				($last_rev, $last_commit) =
+				    unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+				if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
+					croak "inconsistent .rev_map\n";
+				}
+			}
+			if ($last_rev >= $rev) {
+				croak "last_rev is higher!: $last_rev >= $rev";
+			}
+			$wr_offset = -24;
 		}
 	}
-	seek $fh, $offset, 0 or croak $!;
-	print $fh $commit,"\n" or croak $!;
+	sysseek($fh, $wr_offset, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+	syswrite($fh, pack(rev_map_fmt, $rev, $commit), 24) == 24 or
+	  croak "write: $!";
+}
+
+sub _rev_map_reset {
+	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	$c eq $commit or die "_rev_map_reset(@_) commit $c does not match!\n";
+	my $offset = sysseek($fh, 0, SEEK_CUR) or croak "seek: $!";
+	truncate $fh, $offset or croak "truncate: $!";
 }
 
 sub mkfile {
@@ -1991,12 +3085,13 @@ sub mkfile {
 	}
 }
 
-sub rev_db_set {
+sub rev_map_set {
 	my ($self, $rev, $commit, $update_ref, $uuid) = @_;
 	length $commit == 40 or die "arg3 must be a full SHA1 hexsum\n";
-	my $db = $self->db_path($uuid);
+	my $db = $self->map_path($uuid);
 	my $db_lock = "$db.lock";
 	my $sig;
+	$update_ref ||= 0;
 	if ($update_ref) {
 		$SIG{INT} = $SIG{HUP} = $SIG{TERM} = $SIG{ALRM} = $SIG{PIPE} =
 		            $SIG{USR1} = $SIG{USR2} = sub { $sig = $_[0] };
@@ -2009,16 +3104,19 @@ sub rev_db_set {
 	# and we can't afford to lose it because rebuild() won't work
 	if ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata) {
 		$sync = 1;
-		copy($db, $db_lock) or die "rev_db_set(@_): ",
+		copy($db, $db_lock) or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
 					   "Failed to copy: ",
 					   "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
 	} else {
-		rename $db, $db_lock or die "rev_db_set(@_): ",
+		rename $db, $db_lock or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
 					    "Failed to rename: ",
 					    "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
 	}
-	open my $fh, '+<', $db_lock or die "Couldn't open $db_lock: $!\n";
-	_rev_db_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
+
+	sysopen(my $fh, $db_lock, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)
+	     or croak "Couldn't open $db_lock: $!\n";
+	$update_ref eq 'reset' ? _rev_map_reset($fh, $rev, $commit) :
+				 _rev_map_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
 	if ($sync) {
 		$fh->flush or die "Couldn't flush $db_lock: $!\n";
 		$fh->sync or die "Couldn't sync $db_lock: $!\n";
@@ -2026,10 +3124,12 @@ sub rev_db_set {
 	close $fh or croak $!;
 	if ($update_ref) {
 		$_head = $self;
-		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev",
+		my $note = "";
+		$note = " ($update_ref)" if ($update_ref !~ /^\d*$/);
+		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev$note",
 		              $self->refname, $commit);
 	}
-	rename $db_lock, $db or die "rev_db_set(@_): ", "Failed to rename: ",
+	rename $db_lock, $db or die "rev_map_set(@_): ", "Failed to rename: ",
 	                            "$db_lock => $db ($!)\n";
 	delete $LOCKFILES{$db_lock};
 	if ($update_ref) {
@@ -2039,36 +3139,103 @@ sub rev_db_set {
 	}
 }
 
-sub rev_db_max {
-	my ($self) = @_;
+# If want_commit, this will return an array of (rev, commit) where
+# commit _must_ be a valid commit in the archive.
+# Otherwise, it'll return the max revision (whether or not the
+# commit is valid or just a 0x40 placeholder).
+sub rev_map_max {
+	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
 	$self->rebuild;
-	my $db_path = $self->db_path;
-	my @stat = stat $db_path or return 0;
-	($stat[7] % 41) == 0 or die "$db_path inconsistent size: $stat[7]\n";
-	my $max = $stat[7] / 41;
-	(($max > 0) ? $max - 1 : 0);
+	my ($r, $c) = $self->rev_map_max_norebuild($want_commit);
+	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
+}
+
+sub rev_map_max_norebuild {
+	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	stat $map_path or return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	if ($size == 0) {
+		close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+		return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+	}
+
+	sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+	sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+	my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+	if ($want_commit && $c eq ('0' x40)) {
+		if ($size < 48) {
+			return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+		}
+		sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+		sysread($fh, $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+		($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+		if ($c eq ('0'x40)) {
+			croak "Penultimate record is all-zeroes in $map_path";
+		}
+	}
+	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
 }
 
-sub rev_db_get {
+sub rev_map_get {
 	my ($self, $rev, $uuid) = @_;
-	my $ret;
-	my $offset = $rev * 41;
-	my $db_path = $self->db_path($uuid);
-	return undef unless -e $db_path;
-	open my $fh, '<', $db_path or croak $!;
-	if (sysseek($fh, $offset, 0) == $offset) {
-		my $read = sysread($fh, $ret, 40);
-		$ret = undef if ($read != 40 || $ret eq ('0'x40));
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
+	return undef unless -e $map_path;
+
+	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
+	$c
+}
+
+sub _rev_map_get {
+	my ($fh, $rev) = @_;
+
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	if ($size == 0) {
+		return undef;
 	}
-	close $fh or croak $!;
-	$ret;
+
+	my ($l, $u) = (0, $size - 24);
+	my ($r, $c, $buf);
+
+	while ($l <= $u) {
+		my $i = int(($l/24 + $u/24) / 2) * 24;
+		sysseek($fh, $i, SEEK_SET) or croak "seek: $!";
+		sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+		my ($r, $c) = unpack('NH40', $buf);
+
+		if ($r < $rev) {
+			$l = $i + 24;
+		} elsif ($r > $rev) {
+			$u = $i - 24;
+		} else { # $r == $rev
+			return $c eq ('0' x 40) ? undef : $c;
+		}
+	}
+	undef;
 }
 
+# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
+# before $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any lower
+# than $min_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
+# if found, else (undef, undef).
 sub find_rev_before {
-	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok) = @_;
+	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $min_rev) = @_;
 	--$rev unless $eq_ok;
-	while ($rev > 0) {
-		if (my $c = $self->rev_db_get($rev)) {
+	$min_rev ||= 1;
+	my $max_rev = $self->rev_map_max;
+	$rev = $max_rev if ($rev > $max_rev);
+	while ($rev >= $min_rev) {
+		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
 			return ($rev, $c);
 		}
 		--$rev;
@@ -2076,6 +3243,23 @@ sub find_rev_before {
 	return (undef, undef);
 }
 
+# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
+# after $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any higher
+# than $max_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
+# if found, else (undef, undef).
+sub find_rev_after {
+	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $max_rev) = @_;
+	++$rev unless $eq_ok;
+	$max_rev ||= $self->rev_map_max;
+	while ($rev <= $max_rev) {
+		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
+			return ($rev, $c);
+		}
+		++$rev;
+	}
+	return (undef, undef);
+}
+
 sub _new {
 	my ($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path) = @_;
 	unless (defined $repo_id && length $repo_id) {
@@ -2084,20 +3268,39 @@ sub _new {
 	unless (defined $ref_id && length $ref_id) {
 		$_[2] = $ref_id = $Git::SVN::default_ref_id;
 	}
-	$_[1] = $repo_id = sanitize_remote_name($repo_id);
+	$_[1] = $repo_id;
 	my $dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$ref_id";
 	$_[3] = $path = '' unless (defined $path);
 	mkpath(["$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn"]);
 	bless {
 		ref_id => $ref_id, dir => $dir, index => "$dir/index",
 	        path => $path, config => "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config",
-	        db_root => "$dir/.rev_db", repo_id => $repo_id }, $class;
+	        map_root => "$dir/.rev_map", repo_id => $repo_id }, $class;
+}
+
+# for read-only access of old .rev_db formats
+sub unlink_rev_db_symlink {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $link = $self->rev_db_path;
+	$link =~ s/\.[\w-]+$// or croak "missing UUID at the end of $link";
+	if (-l $link) {
+		unlink $link or croak "unlink: $link failed!";
+	}
+}
+
+sub rev_db_path {
+	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
+	my $db_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
+	$db_path =~ s{/\.rev_map\.}{/\.rev_db\.}
+	    or croak "map_path: $db_path does not contain '/.rev_map.' !";
+	$db_path;
 }
 
-sub db_path {
+# the new replacement for .rev_db
+sub map_path {
 	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
 	$uuid ||= $self->ra_uuid;
-	"$self->{db_root}.$uuid";
+	"$self->{map_root}.$uuid";
 }
 
 sub uri_encode {
@@ -2139,23 +3342,31 @@ sub ssl_server_trust {
 	my ($cred, $realm, $failures, $cert_info, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
 	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
 	print STDERR "Error validating server certificate for '$realm':\n";
-	if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::UNKNOWNCA) {
-		print STDERR " - The certificate is not issued by a trusted ",
-		      "authority. Use the\n",
-	              "   fingerprint to validate the certificate manually!\n";
-	}
-	if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::CNMISMATCH) {
-		print STDERR " - The certificate hostname does not match.\n";
-	}
-	if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::NOTYETVALID) {
-		print STDERR " - The certificate is not yet valid.\n";
-	}
-	if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::EXPIRED) {
-		print STDERR " - The certificate has expired.\n";
-	}
-	if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::OTHER) {
-		print STDERR " - The certificate has an unknown error.\n";
-	}
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# All variables SVN::Auth::SSL::* are used only once,
+		# so we're shutting up Perl warnings about this.
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::UNKNOWNCA) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate is not issued ",
+			    "by a trusted authority. Use the\n",
+			    "   fingerprint to validate ",
+			    "the certificate manually!\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::CNMISMATCH) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate hostname ",
+			    "does not match.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::NOTYETVALID) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate is not yet valid.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::EXPIRED) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate has expired.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::OTHER) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate has ",
+			    "an unknown error.\n";
+		}
+	} # no warnings 'once'
 	printf STDERR
 	        "Certificate information:\n".
 	        " - Hostname: %s\n".
@@ -2239,34 +3450,27 @@ sub _read_password {
 	$password;
 }
 
-package main;
-
-{
-	my $kill_stupid_warnings = $SVN::Node::none.$SVN::Node::file.
-				$SVN::Node::dir.$SVN::Node::unknown.
-				$SVN::Node::none.$SVN::Node::file.
-				$SVN::Node::dir.$SVN::Node::unknown.
-				$SVN::Auth::SSL::CNMISMATCH.
-				$SVN::Auth::SSL::NOTYETVALID.
-				$SVN::Auth::SSL::EXPIRED.
-				$SVN::Auth::SSL::UNKNOWNCA.
-				$SVN::Auth::SSL::OTHER;
-}
-
 package SVN::Git::Fetcher;
 use vars qw/@ISA/;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
+use File::Temp qw/tempfile/;
 use IO::File qw//;
-use Digest::MD5;
+use vars qw/$_ignore_regex/;
 
 # file baton members: path, mode_a, mode_b, pool, fh, blob, base
 sub new {
-	my ($class, $git_svn) = @_;
+	my ($class, $git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
 	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new;
 	bless $self, $class;
-	$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit} if exists $git_svn->{last_commit};
+	if (exists $git_svn->{last_commit}) {
+		$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit};
+		$self->{empty_symlinks} =
+		                  _mark_empty_symlinks($git_svn, $switch_path);
+	}
+	$self->{ignore_regex} = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+			     "svn-remote.$git_svn->{repo_id}.ignore-paths") };
 	$self->{empty} = {};
 	$self->{dir_prop} = {};
 	$self->{file_prop} = {};
@@ -2276,6 +3480,70 @@ sub new {
 	$self;
 }
 
+# this uses the Ra object, so it must be called before do_{switch,update},
+# not inside them (when the Git::SVN::Fetcher object is passed) to
+# do_{switch,update}
+sub _mark_empty_symlinks {
+	my ($git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
+	my $bool = Git::config_bool('svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround');
+	return {} if (!defined($bool)) || (defined($bool) && ! $bool);
+
+	my %ret;
+	my ($rev, $cmt) = $git_svn->last_rev_commit;
+	return {} unless ($rev && $cmt);
+
+	# allow the warning to be printed for each revision we fetch to
+	# ensure the user sees it.  The user can also disable the workaround
+	# on the repository even while git svn is running and the next
+	# revision fetched will skip this expensive function.
+	my $printed_warning;
+	chomp(my $empty_blob = `git hash-object -t blob --stdin < /dev/null`);
+	my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree -r -z/, $cmt);
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	my $pfx = defined($switch_path) ? $switch_path : $git_svn->{path};
+	$pfx .= '/' if length($pfx);
+	while (<$ls>) {
+		chomp;
+		s/\A100644 blob $empty_blob\t//o or next;
+		unless ($printed_warning) {
+			print STDERR "Scanning for empty symlinks, ",
+			             "this may take a while if you have ",
+				     "many empty files\n",
+				     "You may disable this with `",
+				     "git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround ",
+				     "false'.\n",
+				     "This may be done in a different ",
+				     "terminal without restarting ",
+				     "git svn\n";
+			$printed_warning = 1;
+		}
+		my $path = $_;
+		my (undef, $props) =
+		               $git_svn->ra->get_file($pfx.$path, $rev, undef);
+		if ($props->{'svn:special'}) {
+			$ret{$path} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+	\%ret;
+}
+
+# returns true if a given path is inside a ".git" directory
+sub in_dot_git {
+	$_[0] =~ m{(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$)};
+}
+
+# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
+sub is_path_ignored {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	return 1 if in_dot_git($path);
+	return 1 if defined($self->{ignore_regex}) &&
+	            $path =~ m!$self->{ignore_regex}!;
+	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_regex);
+	return 1 if $path =~ m!$_ignore_regex!o;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 sub set_path_strip {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
 	$self->{path_strip} = qr/^\Q$path\E(\/|$)/ if length $path;
@@ -2301,20 +3569,24 @@ sub git_path {
 
 sub delete_entry {
 	my ($self, $path, $rev, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 
 	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
 	return undef if ($gpath eq '');
 
 	# remove entire directories.
-	if (command('ls-tree', $self->{c}, '--', $gpath) =~ /^040000 tree/) {
+	my ($tree) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                 =~ /\A040000 tree ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
+	if ($tree) {
 		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
 		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
-				                     $self->{c}, '--', $gpath);
+				                     $tree);
 		local $/ = "\0";
 		while (<$ls>) {
 			chomp;
-			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
-			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
+			my $rmpath = "$gpath/$_";
+			$self->{gii}->remove($rmpath);
+			print "\tD\t$rmpath\n" unless $::_q;
 		}
 		print "\tD\t$gpath/\n" unless $::_q;
 		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
@@ -2328,34 +3600,64 @@ sub delete_entry {
 
 sub open_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
+	my ($mode, $blob);
+
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+
 	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-	my ($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', $self->{c}, '--', $gpath)
-	                     =~ /^(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t/);
+	($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                     =~ /\A(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
 	unless (defined $mode && defined $blob) {
 		die "$path was not found in commit $self->{c} (r$rev)\n";
 	}
+	if ($mode eq '100644' && $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$path}) {
+		$mode = '120000';
+	}
+out:
 	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode, blob => $blob,
 	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'M' };
 }
 
 sub add_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
-	{ path => $path, mode_a => 100644, mode_b => 100644,
+	my $mode;
+
+	if (!$self->is_path_ignored($path)) {
+		my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+		delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
+		$mode = '100644';
+	}
+	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode,
 	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'A' };
 }
 
 sub add_directory {
 	my ($self, $path, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
+	if ($gpath eq '') {
+		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
+		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
+				                     $self->{c});
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		while (<$ls>) {
+			chomp;
+			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
+			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
+		}
+		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+		$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
+	}
 	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
 	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
 	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 1;
+out:
 	{ path => $path };
 }
 
 sub change_dir_prop {
 	my ($self, $db, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($db->{path});
 	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}} ||= {};
 	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
 	undef;
@@ -2363,6 +3665,7 @@ sub change_dir_prop {
 
 sub absent_directory {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 	$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
 	push @{$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
 	undef;
@@ -2370,6 +3673,7 @@ sub absent_directory {
 
 sub absent_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 	$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
 	push @{$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
 	undef;
@@ -2377,6 +3681,7 @@ sub absent_file {
 
 sub change_file_prop {
 	my ($self, $fb, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
 	if ($prop eq 'svn:executable') {
 		if ($fb->{mode_b} != 120000) {
 			$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 100755 : 100644;
@@ -2392,66 +3697,105 @@ sub change_file_prop {
 
 sub apply_textdelta {
 	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
-	my $fh = IO::File->new_tmpfile;
-	$fh->autoflush(1);
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire('svn_delta');
 	# $fh gets auto-closed() by SVN::TxDelta::apply(),
 	# (but $base does not,) so dup() it for reading in close_file
 	open my $dup, '<&', $fh or croak $!;
-	my $base = IO::File->new_tmpfile;
-	$base->autoflush(1);
+	my $base = $::_repository->temp_acquire('git_blob');
+
 	if ($fb->{blob}) {
-		defined (my $pid = fork) or croak $!;
-		if (!$pid) {
-			open STDOUT, '>&', $base or croak $!;
-			print STDOUT 'link ' if ($fb->{mode_a} == 120000);
-			exec qw/git-cat-file blob/, $fb->{blob} or croak $!;
+		my ($base_is_link, $size);
+
+		if ($fb->{mode_a} eq '120000' &&
+		    ! $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$fb->{path}}) {
+			print $base 'link ' or die "print $!\n";
+			$base_is_link = 1;
 		}
-		waitpid $pid, 0;
-		croak $? if $?;
+	retry:
+		$size = $::_repository->cat_blob($fb->{blob}, $base);
+		die "Failed to read object $fb->{blob}" if ($size < 0);
 
 		if (defined $exp) {
 			seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-			my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
-			$md5->addfile($base);
-			my $got = $md5->hexdigest;
-			die "Checksum mismatch: $fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n",
-			    "expected: $exp\n",
-			    "     got: $got\n" if ($got ne $exp);
+			my $got = ::md5sum($base);
+			if ($got ne $exp) {
+				my $err = "Checksum mismatch: ".
+				       "$fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n" .
+				       "expected: $exp\n" .
+				       "     got: $got\n";
+				if ($base_is_link) {
+					warn $err,
+					     "Retrying... (possibly ",
+					     "a bad symlink from SVN)\n";
+					$::_repository->temp_reset($base);
+					$base_is_link = 0;
+					goto retry;
+				}
+				die $err;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-	$fb->{fh} = $dup;
+	$fb->{fh} = $fh;
 	$fb->{base} = $base;
-	[ SVN::TxDelta::apply($base, $fh, undef, $fb->{path}, $fb->{pool}) ];
+	[ SVN::TxDelta::apply($base, $dup, undef, $fb->{path}, $fb->{pool}) ];
 }
 
 sub close_file {
 	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+
 	my $hash;
 	my $path = $self->git_path($fb->{path});
 	if (my $fh = $fb->{fh}) {
-		seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
-		my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
-		$md5->addfile($fh);
-		my $got = $md5->hexdigest;
-		die "Checksum mismatch: $path\n",
-		    "expected: $exp\n    got: $got\n" if ($got ne $exp);
-		seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
+		if (defined $exp) {
+			seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
+			my $got = ::md5sum($fh);
+			if ($got ne $exp) {
+				die "Checksum mismatch: $path\n",
+				    "expected: $exp\n    got: $got\n";
+			}
+		}
 		if ($fb->{mode_b} == 120000) {
-			read($fh, my $buf, 5) == 5 or croak $!;
-			$buf eq 'link ' or die "$path has mode 120000",
-			                       "but is not a link\n";
-		}
-		defined(my $pid = open my $out,'-|') or die "Can't fork: $!\n";
-		if (!$pid) {
-			open STDIN, '<&', $fh or croak $!;
-			exec qw/git-hash-object -w --stdin/ or croak $!;
-		}
-		chomp($hash = do { local $/; <$out> });
-		close $out or croak $!;
-		close $fh or croak $!;
+			sysseek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
+			my $rd = sysread($fh, my $buf, 5);
+
+			if (!defined $rd) {
+				croak "sysread: $!\n";
+			} elsif ($rd == 0) {
+				warn "$path has mode 120000",
+				     " but it points to nothing\n",
+				     "converting to an empty file with mode",
+				     " 100644\n";
+				$fb->{mode_b} = '100644';
+			} elsif ($buf ne 'link ') {
+				warn "$path has mode 120000",
+				     " but is not a link\n";
+			} else {
+				my $tmp_fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire(
+					'svn_hash');
+				my $res;
+				while ($res = sysread($fh, my $str, 1024)) {
+					my $out = syswrite($tmp_fh, $str, $res);
+					defined($out) && $out == $res
+						or croak("write ",
+							Git::temp_path($tmp_fh),
+							": $!\n");
+				}
+				defined $res or croak $!;
+
+				($fh, $tmp_fh) = ($tmp_fh, $fh);
+				Git::temp_release($tmp_fh, 1);
+			}
+		}
+
+		$hash = $::_repository->hash_and_insert_object(
+				Git::temp_path($fh));
 		$hash =~ /^[a-f\d]{40}$/ or die "not a sha1: $hash\n";
-		close $fb->{base} or croak $!;
+
+		Git::temp_release($fb->{base}, 1);
+		Git::temp_release($fh, 1);
 	} else {
 		$hash = $fb->{blob} or die "no blob information\n";
 	}
@@ -2482,7 +3826,6 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
 use IO::File;
-use Digest::MD5;
 
 sub new {
 	my ($class, $opts) = @_;
@@ -2511,6 +3854,7 @@ sub new {
 	$self->{rm} = { };
 	$self->{path_prefix} = length $self->{svn_path} ?
 	                       "$self->{svn_path}/" : '';
+	$self->{config} = $opts->{config};
 	return $self;
 }
 
@@ -2532,11 +3876,12 @@ sub generate_diff {
 	while (<$diff_fh>) {
 		chomp $_; # this gets rid of the trailing "\0"
 		if ($state eq 'meta' && /^:(\d{6})\s(\d{6})\s
-					$::sha1\s($::sha1)\s
+					($::sha1)\s($::sha1)\s
 					([MTCRAD])\d*$/xo) {
 			push @mods, {	mode_a => $1, mode_b => $2,
-					sha1_b => $3, chg => $4 };
-			if ($4 =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
+					sha1_a => $3, sha1_b => $4,
+					chg => $5 };
+			if ($5 =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
 				$state = 'file_a';
 			} else {
 				$state = 'file_b';
@@ -2608,6 +3953,9 @@ sub repo_path {
 
 sub url_path {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
+		$path =~ s/([^~a-zA-Z0-9_.-])/uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))/eg;
+	}
 	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
 }
 
@@ -2662,16 +4010,21 @@ sub open_or_add_dir {
 	if (!defined $t) {
 		die "$full_path not known in r$self->{r} or we have a bug!\n";
 	}
-	if ($t == $SVN::Node::none) {
-		return $self->add_directory($full_path, $baton,
-						undef, -1, $self->{pool});
-	} elsif ($t == $SVN::Node::dir) {
-		return $self->open_directory($full_path, $baton,
-						$self->{r}, $self->{pool});
-	}
-	print STDERR "$full_path already exists in repository at ",
-		"r$self->{r} and it is not a directory (",
-		($t == $SVN::Node::file ? 'file' : 'unknown'),"/$t)\n";
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# SVN::Node::none and SVN::Node::file are used only once,
+		# so we're shutting up Perl's warnings about them.
+		if ($t == $SVN::Node::none) {
+			return $self->add_directory($full_path, $baton,
+			    undef, -1, $self->{pool});
+		} elsif ($t == $SVN::Node::dir) {
+			return $self->open_directory($full_path, $baton,
+			    $self->{r}, $self->{pool});
+		} # no warnings 'once'
+		print STDERR "$full_path already exists in repository at ",
+		    "r$self->{r} and it is not a directory (",
+		    ($t == $SVN::Node::file ? 'file' : 'unknown'),"/$t)\n";
+	} # no warnings 'once'
 	exit 1;
 }
 
@@ -2691,6 +4044,57 @@ sub ensure_path {
 	return $bat->{$c};
 }
 
+# Subroutine to convert a globbing pattern to a regular expression.
+# From perl cookbook.
+sub glob2pat {
+	my $globstr = shift;
+	my %patmap = ('*' => '.*', '?' => '.', '[' => '[', ']' => ']');
+	$globstr =~ s{(.)} { $patmap{$1} || "\Q$1" }ge;
+	return '^' . $globstr . '$';
+}
+
+sub check_autoprop {
+	my ($self, $pattern, $properties, $file, $fbat) = @_;
+	# Convert the globbing pattern to a regular expression.
+	my $regex = glob2pat($pattern);
+	# Check if the pattern matches the file name.
+	if($file =~ m/($regex)/) {
+		# Parse the list of properties to set.
+		my @props = split(/;/, $properties);
+		foreach my $prop (@props) {
+			# Parse 'name=value' syntax and set the property.
+			if ($prop =~ /([^=]+)=(.*)/) {
+				my ($n,$v) = ($1,$2);
+				for ($n, $v) {
+					s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//;
+				}
+				$self->change_file_prop($fbat, $n, $v);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub apply_autoprops {
+	my ($self, $file, $fbat) = @_;
+	my $conf_t = ${$self->{config}}{'config'};
+	no warnings 'once';
+	# Check [miscellany]/enable-auto-props in svn configuration.
+	if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool(
+		$conf_t,
+		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_MISCELLANY,
+		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_ENABLE_AUTO_PROPS,
+		0)) {
+		# Auto-props are enabled.  Enumerate them to look for matches.
+		my $callback = sub {
+			$self->check_autoprop($_[0], $_[1], $file, $fbat);
+		};
+		SVN::_Core::svn_config_enumerate(
+			$conf_t,
+			$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTO_PROPS,
+			$callback);
+	}
+}
+
 sub A {
 	my ($self, $m) = @_;
 	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
@@ -2698,6 +4102,7 @@ sub A {
 	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
 					undef, -1);
 	print "\tA\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
 	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
 	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
 }
@@ -2728,6 +4133,7 @@ sub R {
 	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
 				$self->url_path($m->{file_a}), $self->{r});
 	print "\tR\t$m->{file_a} => $m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
 	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
 	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
 
@@ -2754,42 +4160,53 @@ sub change_file_prop {
 	$self->SUPER::change_file_prop($fbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
 }
 
-sub chg_file {
-	my ($self, $fbat, $m) = @_;
-	if ($m->{mode_b} =~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} !~ /755$/) {
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable','*');
-	} elsif ($m->{mode_b} !~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} =~ /755$/) {
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable',undef);
-	}
-	my $fh = IO::File->new_tmpfile or croak $!;
-	if ($m->{mode_b} =~ /^120/) {
+sub _chg_file_get_blob ($$$$) {
+	my ($self, $fbat, $m, $which) = @_;
+	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire("git_blob_$which");
+	if ($m->{"mode_$which"} =~ /^120/) {
 		print $fh 'link ' or croak $!;
 		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special','*');
-	} elsif ($m->{mode_a} =~ /^120/ && $m->{mode_b} !~ /^120/) {
+	} elsif ($m->{mode_a} =~ /^120/ && $m->{"mode_$which"} !~ /^120/) {
 		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special',undef);
 	}
-	defined(my $pid = fork) or croak $!;
-	if (!$pid) {
-		open STDOUT, '>&', $fh or croak $!;
-		exec qw/git-cat-file blob/, $m->{sha1_b} or croak $!;
-	}
-	waitpid $pid, 0;
-	croak $? if $?;
+	my $blob = $m->{"sha1_$which"};
+	return ($fh,) if ($blob =~ /^0{40}$/);
+	my $size = $::_repository->cat_blob($blob, $fh);
+	croak "Failed to read object $blob" if ($size < 0);
 	$fh->flush == 0 or croak $!;
 	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
 
-	my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
-	$md5->addfile($fh) or croak $!;
+	my $exp = ::md5sum($fh);
 	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
+	return ($fh, $exp);
+}
 
-	my $exp = $md5->hexdigest;
+sub chg_file {
+	my ($self, $fbat, $m) = @_;
+	if ($m->{mode_b} =~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} !~ /755$/) {
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable','*');
+	} elsif ($m->{mode_b} !~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} =~ /755$/) {
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable',undef);
+	}
+	my ($fh_a, $exp_a) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'a';
+	my ($fh_b, $exp_b) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'b';
 	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	my $atd = $self->apply_textdelta($fbat, undef, $pool);
-	my $got = SVN::TxDelta::send_stream($fh, @$atd, $pool);
-	die "Checksum mismatch\nexpected: $exp\ngot: $got\n" if ($got ne $exp);
+	my $atd = $self->apply_textdelta($fbat, $exp_a, $pool);
+	if (-s $fh_a) {
+		my $txstream = SVN::TxDelta::new ($fh_a, $fh_b, $pool);
+		my $res = SVN::TxDelta::send_txstream($txstream, @$atd, $pool);
+		if (defined $res) {
+			die "Unexpected result from send_txstream: $res\n",
+			    "(SVN::Core::VERSION: $SVN::Core::VERSION)\n";
+		}
+	} else {
+		my $got = SVN::TxDelta::send_stream($fh_b, @$atd, $pool);
+		die "Checksum mismatch\nexpected: $exp_b\ngot: $got\n"
+		    if ($got ne $exp_b);
+	}
+	Git::temp_release($fh_b, 1);
+	Git::temp_release($fh_a, 1);
 	$pool->clear;
-
-	close $fh or croak $!;
 }
 
 sub D {
@@ -2804,8 +4221,10 @@ sub close_edit {
 	my ($self) = @_;
 	my ($p,$bat) = ($self->{pool}, $self->{bat});
 	foreach (sort { $b =~ tr#/#/# <=> $a =~ tr#/#/# } keys %$bat) {
+		next if $_ eq '';
 		$self->close_directory($bat->{$_}, $p);
 	}
+	$self->close_directory($bat->{''}, $p);
 	$self->SUPER::close_edit($p);
 	$p->clear;
 }
@@ -2831,7 +4250,7 @@ sub apply_diff {
 		if (defined $o{$f}) {
 			$self->$f($m);
 		} else {
-			fatal("Invalid change type: $f\n");
+			fatal("Invalid change type: $f");
 		}
 	}
 	$self->rmdirs if $_rmdir;
@@ -2847,91 +4266,216 @@ package Git::SVN::Ra;
 use vars qw/@ISA $config_dir $_log_window_size/;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
-my ($can_do_switch, %ignored_err, $RA);
+my ($ra_invalid, $can_do_switch, %ignored_err, $RA);
 
 BEGIN {
 	# enforce temporary pool usage for some simple functions
-	my $e;
-	foreach (qw/get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root/) {
-		$e .= "sub $_ {
-			my \$self = shift;
-			my \$pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-			my \@ret = \$self->SUPER::$_(\@_,\$pool);
-			\$pool->clear;
-			wantarray ? \@ret : \$ret[0]; }\n";
-	}
-
-	# get_dir needs $pool held in cache for dirents to work,
-	# check_path is cacheable and rev_proplist is close enough
-	# for our purposes.
-	foreach (qw/check_path get_dir rev_proplist/) {
-		$e .= "my \%${_}_cache; my \$${_}_rev = 0; sub $_ {
-			my \$self = shift;
-			my \$r = pop;
-			my \$k = join(\"\\0\", \@_);
-			if (my \$x = \$${_}_cache{\$r}->{\$k}) {
-				return wantarray ? \@\$x : \$x->[0];
-			}
-			my \$pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-			my \@ret = \$self->SUPER::$_(\@_, \$r, \$pool);
-			if (\$r != \$${_}_rev) {
-				\%${_}_cache = ( pool => [] );
-				\$${_}_rev = \$r;
-			}
-			\$${_}_cache{\$r}->{\$k} = \\\@ret;
-			push \@{\$${_}_cache{pool}}, \$pool;
-			wantarray ? \@ret : \$ret[0]; }\n";
+	no strict 'refs';
+	for my $f (qw/rev_proplist get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root
+	              get_file/) {
+		my $SUPER = "SUPER::$f";
+		*$f = sub {
+			my $self = shift;
+			my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+			my @ret = $self->$SUPER(@_,$pool);
+			$pool->clear;
+			wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
+		};
+	}
+}
+
+sub _auth_providers () {
+	[
+	  SVN::Client::get_simple_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_simple_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::simple, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert_pw, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_username_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_server_trust),
+	  SVN::Client::get_username_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::username, 2)
+	]
+}
+
+sub escape_uri_only {
+	my ($uri) = @_;
+	my @tmp;
+	foreach (split m{/}, $uri) {
+		s/([^~\w.%+-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
+		push @tmp, $_;
+	}
+	join('/', @tmp);
+}
+
+sub escape_url {
+	my ($url) = @_;
+	if ($url =~ m#^(https?)://([^/]+)(.*)$#) {
+		my ($scheme, $domain, $uri) = ($1, $2, escape_uri_only($3));
+		$url = "$scheme://$domain$uri";
 	}
-	$e .= "\n1;";
-	eval $e or die $@;
+	$url;
 }
 
 sub new {
 	my ($class, $url) = @_;
 	$url =~ s!/+$!!;
 	return $RA if ($RA && $RA->{url} eq $url);
-	$RA->{pool}->clear if $RA;
 
 	SVN::_Core::svn_config_ensure($config_dir, undef);
-	my ($baton, $callbacks) = SVN::Core::auth_open_helper([
-	    SVN::Client::get_simple_provider(),
-	    SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider(),
-	    SVN::Client::get_simple_prompt_provider(
-	      \&Git::SVN::Prompt::simple, 2),
-	    SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_prompt_provider(
-	      \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert, 2),
-	    SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_prompt_provider(
-	      \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert_pw, 2),
-	    SVN::Client::get_username_provider(),
-	    SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_prompt_provider(
-	      \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_server_trust),
-	    SVN::Client::get_username_prompt_provider(
-	      \&Git::SVN::Prompt::username, 2),
-	  ]);
+	my ($baton, $callbacks) = SVN::Core::auth_open_helper(_auth_providers);
 	my $config = SVN::Core::config_get_config($config_dir);
-	my $self = SVN::Ra->new(url => $url, auth => $baton,
+	$RA = undef;
+	my $dont_store_passwords = 1;
+	my $conf_t = ${$config}{'config'};
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# The usage of $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_* variables
+		# produces warnings that variables are used only once.
+		# I had not found the better way to shut them up, so
+		# the warnings of type 'once' are disabled in this block.
+		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_PASSWORDS,
+		    1) == 0) {
+			SVN::_Core::svn_auth_set_parameter($baton,
+			    $SVN::_Core::SVN_AUTH_PARAM_DONT_STORE_PASSWORDS,
+			    bless (\$dont_store_passwords, "_p_void"));
+		}
+		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_AUTH_CREDS,
+		    1) == 0) {
+			$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache = 1;
+		}
+	} # no warnings 'once'
+	my $self = SVN::Ra->new(url => escape_url($url), auth => $baton,
 	                      config => $config,
 			      pool => SVN::Pool->new,
 	                      auth_provider_callbacks => $callbacks);
+	$self->{url} = $url;
 	$self->{svn_path} = $url;
 	$self->{repos_root} = $self->get_repos_root;
 	$self->{svn_path} =~ s#^\Q$self->{repos_root}\E(/|$)##;
+	$self->{cache} = { check_path => { r => 0, data => {} },
+	                   get_dir => { r => 0, data => {} } };
 	$RA = bless $self, $class;
 }
 
+sub check_path {
+	my ($self, $path, $r) = @_;
+	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{check_path};
+	if ($r == $cache->{r} && exists $cache->{data}->{$path}) {
+		return $cache->{data}->{$path};
+	}
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my $t = $self->SUPER::check_path($path, $r, $pool);
+	$pool->clear;
+	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
+		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
+		$cache->{r} = $r;
+	}
+	$cache->{data}->{$path} = $t;
+}
+
+sub get_dir {
+	my ($self, $dir, $r) = @_;
+	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{get_dir};
+	if ($r == $cache->{r}) {
+		if (my $x = $cache->{data}->{$dir}) {
+			return wantarray ? @$x : $x->[0];
+		}
+	}
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my ($d, undef, $props) = $self->SUPER::get_dir($dir, $r, $pool);
+	my %dirents = map { $_ => { kind => $d->{$_}->kind } } keys %$d;
+	$pool->clear;
+	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
+		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
+		$cache->{r} = $r;
+	}
+	$cache->{data}->{$dir} = [ \%dirents, $r, $props ];
+	wantarray ? (\%dirents, $r, $props) : \%dirents;
+}
+
 sub DESTROY {
 	# do not call the real DESTROY since we store ourselves in $RA
 }
 
+# get_log(paths, start, end, limit,
+#         discover_changed_paths, strict_node_history, receiver)
 sub get_log {
 	my ($self, @args) = @_;
 	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	splice(@args, 3, 1) if ($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.2.0');
+
+	# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
+	# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
+	# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an
+	# externally passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared
+	# pool in Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
+	my $receiver = pop @args;
+	my $prefix = "/".$self->{svn_path};
+	$prefix =~ s#/+($)##;
+	my $prefix_regex = qr#^\Q$prefix\E#;
+	push(@args, sub {
+		my ($paths) = $_[0];
+		return &$receiver(@_) unless $paths;
+		$_[0] = ();
+		foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
+			my $i = $paths->{$p};
+			# Make path relative to our url, not repos_root
+			$p =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+			my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_; }
+				qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
+			if ($s{'copyfrom_path'}) {
+				$s{'copyfrom_path'} =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+			}
+			$_[0]{$p} = \%s;
+		}
+		&$receiver(@_);
+	});
+
+
+	# the limit parameter was not supported in SVN 1.1.x, so we
+	# drop it.  Therefore, the receiver callback passed to it
+	# is made aware of this limitation by being wrapped if
+	# the limit passed to is being wrapped.
+	if ($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.2.0') {
+		my $limit = splice(@args, 3, 1);
+		if ($limit > 0) {
+			my $receiver = pop @args;
+			push(@args, sub { &$receiver(@_) if (--$limit >= 0) });
+		}
+	}
 	my $ret = $self->SUPER::get_log(@args, $pool);
 	$pool->clear;
 	$ret;
 }
 
+sub trees_match {
+	my ($self, $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2) = @_;
+	my $ctx = SVN::Client->new(auth => _auth_providers);
+	my $out = IO::File->new_tmpfile;
+
+	# older SVN (1.1.x) doesn't take $pool as the last parameter for
+	# $ctx->diff(), so we'll create a default one
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new_default_sub;
+
+	$ra_invalid = 1; # this will open a new SVN::Ra connection to $url1
+	$ctx->diff([], $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2, 1, 1, 0, $out, $out);
+	$out->flush;
+	my $ret = (($out->stat)[7] == 0);
+	close $out or croak $!;
+
+	$ret;
+}
+
 sub get_commit_editor {
 	my ($self, $log, $cb, $pool) = @_;
 	my @lock = $SVN::Core::VERSION ge '1.2.0' ? (undef, 0) : ();
@@ -2982,19 +4526,25 @@ sub gs_do_switch {
 
 	my $full_url = $self->{url};
 	my $old_url = $full_url;
-	$full_url .= "/$path" if length $path;
+	$full_url .= '/' . $path if length $path;
 	my ($ra, $reparented);
-	if ($old_url ne $full_url) {
-		if ($old_url !~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://#) {
-			SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent($self->{session}, $full_url,
-			                          $pool);
-			$self->{url} = $full_url;
-			$reparented = 1;
-		} else {
-			$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($full_url);
-		}
+
+	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://# ||
+	    ($full_url =~ m#^https?://# &&
+	     escape_url($full_url) ne $full_url)) {
+		$_[0] = undef;
+		$self = undef;
+		$RA = undef;
+		$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($full_url);
+		$ra_invalid = 1;
+	} elsif ($old_url ne $full_url) {
+		SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent($self->{session}, $full_url, $pool);
+		$self->{url} = $full_url;
+		$reparented = 1;
 	}
+
 	$ra ||= $self;
+	$url_b = escape_url($url_b);
 	my $reporter = $ra->do_switch($rev_b, '', 1, $url_b, $editor, $pool);
 	my @lock = $SVN::Core::VERSION ge '1.2.0' ? (undef) : ();
 	$reporter->set_path('', $rev_a, 0, @lock, $pool);
@@ -3009,11 +4559,8 @@ sub gs_do_switch {
 	$editor->{git_commit_ok};
 }
 
-sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
-	my ($self, $base, $head, $gsv, $globs) = @_;
-	return if ($base > $head);
-	my $inc = $_log_window_size;
-	my ($min, $max) = ($base, $head < $base + $inc ? $head : $base + $inc);
+sub longest_common_path {
+	my ($gsv, $globs) = @_;
 	my %common;
 	my $common_max = scalar @$gsv;
 
@@ -3045,6 +4592,17 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 			last;
 		}
 	}
+	$longest_path;
+}
+
+sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
+	my ($self, $base, $head, $gsv, $globs) = @_;
+	return if ($base > $head);
+	my $inc = $_log_window_size;
+	my ($min, $max) = ($base, $head < $base + $inc ? $head : $base + $inc);
+	my $longest_path = longest_common_path($gsv, $globs);
+	my $ra_url = $self->{url};
+	my $find_trailing_edge;
 	while (1) {
 		my %revs;
 		my $err;
@@ -3055,12 +4613,17 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 		};
 		sub _cb {
 			my ($paths, $r, $author, $date, $log) = @_;
-			[ dup_changed_paths($paths),
+			[ $paths,
 			  { author => $author, date => $date, log => $log } ];
 		}
 		$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $max, 0, 1, 1,
 		               sub { $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
-		if ($err && $max >= $head) {
+		if ($err) {
+			print "Checked through r$max\r";
+		} else {
+			$find_trailing_edge = 1;
+		}
+		if ($err and $find_trailing_edge) {
 			print STDERR "Path '$longest_path' ",
 				     "was probably deleted:\n",
 				     $err->expanded_message,
@@ -3072,13 +4635,14 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 				my $ok;
 				$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $hi,
 				               0, 1, 1, sub {
-				               $ok ||= $_[1];
+				               $ok = $_[1];
 				               $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
 				if ($ok) {
 					print STDERR "r$min .. r$ok OK\n";
 					last;
 				}
 			}
+			$find_trailing_edge = 0;
 		}
 		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
 
@@ -3088,7 +4652,7 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 
 			foreach my $gs ($self->match_globs(\%exists, $paths,
 			                                   $globs, $r)) {
-				if ($gs->rev_db_max >= $r) {
+				if ($gs->rev_map_max >= $r) {
 					next;
 				}
 				next unless $gs->match_paths($paths, $r);
@@ -3100,18 +4664,27 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 				if ($log_entry) {
 					$gs->do_git_commit($log_entry);
 				}
+				$INDEX_FILES{$gs->{index}} = 1;
 			}
 			foreach my $g (@$globs) {
 				my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}." .
 				        "$g->{t}-maxRev";
 				Git::SVN::tmp_config($k, $r);
 			}
+			if ($ra_invalid) {
+				$_[0] = undef;
+				$self = undef;
+				$RA = undef;
+				$self = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra_url);
+				$ra_invalid = undef;
+			}
 		}
 		# pre-fill the .rev_db since it'll eventually get filled in
 		# with '0' x40 if something new gets committed
 		foreach my $gs (@$gsv) {
-			next if defined $gs->rev_db_get($max);
-			$gs->rev_db_set($max, 0 x40);
+			next if $gs->rev_map_max >= $max;
+			next if defined $gs->rev_map_get($max);
+			$gs->rev_map_set($max, 0 x40);
 		}
 		foreach my $g (@$globs) {
 			my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}.$g->{t}-maxRev";
@@ -3122,6 +4695,28 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 		$max += $inc;
 		$max = $head if ($max > $head);
 	}
+	Git::SVN::gc();
+}
+
+sub get_dir_globbed {
+	my ($self, $left, $depth, $r) = @_;
+
+	my @x = eval { $self->get_dir($left, $r) };
+	return unless scalar @x == 3;
+	my $dirents = $x[0];
+	my @finalents;
+	foreach my $de (keys %$dirents) {
+		next if $dirents->{$de}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
+		if ($depth > 1) {
+			my @args = ("$left/$de", $depth - 1, $r);
+			foreach my $dir ($self->get_dir_globbed(@args)) {
+				push @finalents, "$de/$dir";
+			}
+		} else {
+			push @finalents, $de;
+		}
+	}
+	@finalents;
 }
 
 sub match_globs {
@@ -3129,11 +4724,12 @@ sub match_globs {
 
 	sub get_dir_check {
 		my ($self, $exists, $g, $r) = @_;
-		my @x = eval { $self->get_dir($g->{path}->{left}, $r) };
-		return unless scalar @x == 3;
-		my $dirents = $x[0];
-		foreach my $de (keys %$dirents) {
-			next if $dirents->{$de}->kind != $SVN::Node::dir;
+
+		my @dirs = $self->get_dir_globbed($g->{path}->{left},
+		                                  $g->{path}->{depth},
+		                                  $r);
+
+		foreach my $de (@dirs) {
 			my $p = $g->{path}->full_path($de);
 			next if $exists->{$p};
 			next if (length $g->{path}->{right} &&
@@ -3159,6 +4755,8 @@ sub match_globs {
 			my $p = $1;
 			my $pathname = $g->{path}->full_path($p);
 			next if $exists->{$pathname};
+			next if ($self->check_path($pathname, $r) !=
+			         $SVN::Node::dir);
 			$exists->{$pathname} = Git::SVN->init(
 			                      $self->{url}, $pathname, undef,
 			                      $g->{ref}->full_path($p), 1);
@@ -3227,6 +4825,10 @@ sub skip_unknown_revs {
 			warn "W: Ignoring error from SVN, path probably ",
 			     "does not exist: ($errno): ",
 			     $err->expanded_message,"\n";
+			warn "W: Do not be alarmed at the above message ",
+			     "git-svn is just searching aggressively for ",
+			     "old history.\n",
+			     "This may take a while on large repositories\n";
 			$ignored_err{$err_key} = 1;
 		}
 		return;
@@ -3234,28 +4836,12 @@ sub skip_unknown_revs {
 	die "Error from SVN, ($errno): ", $err->expanded_message,"\n";
 }
 
-# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
-# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
-# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an externally
-# passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared pool in
-# Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
-sub dup_changed_paths {
-	my ($paths) = @_;
-	return undef unless $paths;
-	my %ret;
-	foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
-		my $i = $paths->{$p};
-		my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_ }
-		              qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
-		$ret{$p} = \%s;
-	}
-	\%ret;
-}
-
 package Git::SVN::Log;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use POSIX qw/strftime/;
+use Time::Local;
+use constant commit_log_separator => ('-' x 72) . "\n";
 use vars qw/$TZ $limit $color $pager $non_recursive $verbose $oneline
             %rusers $show_commit $incremental/;
 my $l_fmt;
@@ -3284,49 +4870,23 @@ sub cmt_showable {
 }
 
 sub log_use_color {
-	return 1 if $color;
-	my ($dc, $dcvar);
-	$dcvar = 'color.diff';
-	$dc = `git-config --get $dcvar`;
-	if ($dc eq '') {
-		# nothing at all; fallback to "diff.color"
-		$dcvar = 'diff.color';
-		$dc = `git-config --get $dcvar`;
-	}
-	chomp($dc);
-	if ($dc eq 'auto') {
-		my $pc;
-		$pc = `git-config --get color.pager`;
-		if ($pc eq '') {
-			# does not have it -- fallback to pager.color
-			$pc = `git-config --bool --get pager.color`;
-		}
-		else {
-			$pc = `git-config --bool --get color.pager`;
-			if ($?) {
-				$pc = 'false';
-			}
-		}
-		chomp($pc);
-		if (-t *STDOUT || (defined $pager && $pc eq 'true')) {
-			return ($ENV{TERM} && $ENV{TERM} ne 'dumb');
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return 0 if $dc eq 'never';
-	return 1 if $dc eq 'always';
-	chomp($dc = `git-config --bool --get $dcvar`);
-	return ($dc eq 'true');
+	return $color || Git->repository->get_colorbool('color.diff');
 }
 
 sub git_svn_log_cmd {
 	my ($r_min, $r_max, @args) = @_;
 	my $head = 'HEAD';
+	my (@files, @log_opts);
 	foreach my $x (@args) {
-		last if $x eq '--';
-		next unless ::verify_ref("$x^0");
-		$head = $x;
-		last;
+		if ($x eq '--' || @files) {
+			push @files, $x;
+		} else {
+			if (::verify_ref("$x^0")) {
+				$head = $x;
+			} else {
+				push @log_opts, $x;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = ::working_head_info($head);
@@ -3336,29 +4896,29 @@ sub git_svn_log_cmd {
 	push @cmd, '-r' unless $non_recursive;
 	push @cmd, qw/--raw --name-status/ if $verbose;
 	push @cmd, '--color' if log_use_color();
-	return @cmd unless defined $r_max;
-	if ($r_max == $r_min) {
+	push @cmd, @log_opts;
+	if (defined $r_max && $r_max == $r_min) {
 		push @cmd, '--max-count=1';
-		if (my $c = $gs->rev_db_get($r_max)) {
+		if (my $c = $gs->rev_map_get($r_max)) {
 			push @cmd, $c;
 		}
-	} else {
-		my ($c_min, $c_max);
-		$c_max = $gs->rev_db_get($r_max);
-		$c_min = $gs->rev_db_get($r_min);
-		if (defined $c_min && defined $c_max) {
-			if ($r_max > $r_max) {
-				push @cmd, "$c_min..$c_max";
-			} else {
-				push @cmd, "$c_max..$c_min";
-			}
-		} elsif ($r_max > $r_min) {
-			push @cmd, $c_max;
+	} elsif (defined $r_max) {
+		if ($r_max < $r_min) {
+			($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
+		}
+		my (undef, $c_max) = $gs->find_rev_before($r_max, 1, $r_min);
+		my (undef, $c_min) = $gs->find_rev_after($r_min, 1, $r_max);
+		# If there are no commits in the range, both $c_max and $c_min
+		# will be undefined.  If there is at least 1 commit in the
+		# range, both will be defined.
+		return () if !defined $c_min || !defined $c_max;
+		if ($c_min eq $c_max) {
+			push @cmd, '--max-count=1', $c_min;
 		} else {
-			push @cmd, $c_min;
+			push @cmd, '--boundary', "$c_min..$c_max";
 		}
 	}
-	return @cmd;
+	return (@cmd, @files);
 }
 
 # adapted from pager.c
@@ -3369,20 +4929,49 @@ sub config_pager {
 	} elsif (length $pager == 0 || $pager eq 'cat') {
 		$pager = undef;
 	}
+	$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = defined($pager);
 }
 
 sub run_pager {
-	return unless -t *STDOUT;
-	pipe my $rfd, my $wfd or return;
-	defined(my $pid = fork) or ::fatal "Can't fork: $!\n";
+	return unless -t *STDOUT && defined $pager;
+	pipe my ($rfd, $wfd) or return;
+	defined(my $pid = fork) or ::fatal "Can't fork: $!";
 	if (!$pid) {
 		open STDOUT, '>&', $wfd or
-		                     ::fatal "Can't redirect to stdout: $!\n";
+		                     ::fatal "Can't redirect to stdout: $!";
 		return;
 	}
-	open STDIN, '<&', $rfd or ::fatal "Can't redirect stdin: $!\n";
+	open STDIN, '<&', $rfd or ::fatal "Can't redirect stdin: $!";
 	$ENV{LESS} ||= 'FRSX';
-	exec $pager or ::fatal "Can't run pager: $! ($pager)\n";
+	exec $pager or ::fatal "Can't run pager: $! ($pager)";
+}
+
+sub format_svn_date {
+	# some systmes don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
+	my $t = shift || time;
+	my $gm = timelocal(gmtime($t));
+	my $sign = qw( + + - )[ $t <=> $gm ];
+	my $gmoff = sprintf("%s%02d%02d", $sign, (gmtime(abs($t - $gm)))[2,1]);
+	return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S $gmoff (%a, %d %b %Y)", localtime($t));
+}
+
+sub parse_git_date {
+	my ($t, $tz) = @_;
+	# Date::Parse isn't in the standard Perl distro :(
+	if ($tz =~ s/^\+//) {
+		$t += tz_to_s_offset($tz);
+	} elsif ($tz =~ s/^\-//) {
+		$t -= tz_to_s_offset($tz);
+	}
+	return $t;
+}
+
+sub set_local_timezone {
+	if (defined $TZ) {
+		$ENV{TZ} = $TZ;
+	} else {
+		delete $ENV{TZ};
+	}
 }
 
 sub tz_to_s_offset {
@@ -3405,13 +4994,7 @@ sub get_author_info {
 	$dest->{t} = $t;
 	$dest->{tz} = $tz;
 	$dest->{a} = $au;
-	# Date::Parse isn't in the standard Perl distro :(
-	if ($tz =~ s/^\+//) {
-		$t += tz_to_s_offset($tz);
-	} elsif ($tz =~ s/^\-//) {
-		$t -= tz_to_s_offset($tz);
-	}
-	$dest->{t_utc} = $t;
+	$dest->{t_utc} = parse_git_date($t, $tz);
 }
 
 sub process_commit {
@@ -3463,10 +5046,9 @@ sub show_commit_changed_paths {
 
 sub show_commit_normal {
 	my ($c) = @_;
-	print '-' x72, "\nr$c->{r} | ";
+	print commit_log_separator, "r$c->{r} | ";
 	print "$c->{c} | " if $show_commit;
-	print "$c->{a} | ", strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z (%a, %d %b %Y)",
-				 localtime($c->{t_utc})), ' | ';
+	print "$c->{a} | ", format_svn_date($c->{t_utc}), ' | ';
 	my $nr_line = 0;
 
 	if (my $l = $c->{l}) {
@@ -3506,11 +5088,7 @@ sub cmd_show_log {
 	my (@args) = @_;
 	my ($r_min, $r_max);
 	my $r_last = -1; # prevent dupes
-	if (defined $TZ) {
-		$ENV{TZ} = $TZ;
-	} else {
-		delete $ENV{TZ};
-	}
+	set_local_timezone();
 	if (defined $::_revision) {
 		if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):(\d+)$/) {
 			($r_min, $r_max) = ($1, $2);
@@ -3518,18 +5096,22 @@ sub cmd_show_log {
 			$r_min = $r_max = $::_revision;
 		} else {
 			::fatal "-r$::_revision is not supported, use ",
-				"standard \'git log\' arguments instead\n";
+				"standard 'git log' arguments instead";
 		}
 	}
 
 	config_pager();
-	@args = (git_svn_log_cmd($r_min, $r_max, @args), @args);
+	@args = git_svn_log_cmd($r_min, $r_max, @args);
+	if (!@args) {
+		print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
+		return;
+	}
 	my $log = command_output_pipe(@args);
 	run_pager();
 	my (@k, $c, $d, $stat);
 	my $esc_color = qr/(?:\033\[(?:(?:\d+;)*\d*)?m)*/;
 	while (<$log>) {
-		if (/^${esc_color}commit ($::sha1_short)/o) {
+		if (/^${esc_color}commit -?($::sha1_short)/o) {
 			my $cmt = $1;
 			if ($c && cmt_showable($c) && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
 				$r_last = $c->{r};
@@ -3572,14 +5154,73 @@ sub cmd_show_log {
 		process_commit($c, $r_min, $r_max, \@k);
 	}
 	if (@k) {
-		my $swap = $r_max;
-		$r_max = $r_min;
-		$r_min = $swap;
+		($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
 		process_commit($_, $r_min, $r_max) foreach reverse @k;
 	}
 out:
 	close $log;
-	print '-' x72,"\n" unless $incremental || $oneline;
+	print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
+}
+
+sub cmd_blame {
+	my $path = pop;
+
+	config_pager();
+	run_pager();
+
+	my ($fh, $ctx, $rev);
+
+	if ($_git_format) {
+		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', @_, $path);
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			if ($line =~ /^\^?([[:xdigit:]]+)\s/) {
+				# Uncommitted edits show up as a rev ID of
+				# all zeros, which we can't look up with
+				# cmt_metadata
+				if ($1 !~ /^0+$/) {
+					(undef, $rev, undef) =
+						::cmt_metadata($1);
+					$rev = '0' if (!$rev);
+				} else {
+					$rev = '0';
+				}
+				$rev = sprintf('%-10s', $rev);
+				$line =~ s/^\^?[[:xdigit:]]+(\s)/$rev$1/;
+			}
+			print $line;
+		}
+	} else {
+		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', '-p', @_, 'HEAD',
+						  '--', $path);
+		my ($sha1);
+		my %authors;
+		my @buffer;
+		my %dsha; #distinct sha keys
+
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			push @buffer, $line;
+			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
+				$dsha{$1} = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+		my $s2r = ::cmt_sha2rev_batch([keys %dsha]);
+
+		foreach my $line (@buffer) {
+			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
+				$rev = $s2r->{$1};
+				$rev = '0' if (!$rev)
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^author (.*)/) {
+				$authors{$rev} = $1;
+				$authors{$rev} =~ s/\s/_/g;
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^\t(.*)$/) {
+				printf("%6s %10s %s\n", $rev, $authors{$rev}, $1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
 }
 
 package Git::SVN::Migration;
@@ -3606,6 +5247,16 @@ package Git::SVN::Migration;
 #              --use-separate-remotes option in git-clone (now default)
 #            - we do not automatically migrate to this (following
 #              the example set by core git)
+#
+# v5 layout: .rev_db.$UUID => .rev_map.$UUID
+#            - newer, more-efficient format that uses 24-bytes per record
+#              with no filler space.
+#            - use xxd -c24 < .rev_map.$UUID to view and debug
+#            - This is a one-way migration, repositories updated to the
+#              new format will not be able to use old git-svn without
+#              rebuilding the .rev_db.  Rebuilding the rev_db is not
+#              possible if noMetadata or useSvmProps are set; but should
+#              be no problem for users that use the (sensible) defaults.
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
@@ -3658,7 +5309,7 @@ sub migrate_from_v1 {
 	mkpath([$svn_dir]);
 	print STDERR "Data from a previous version of git-svn exists, but\n\t",
 	             "$svn_dir\n\t(required for this version ",
-	             "($::VERSION) of git-svn) does not. exist\n";
+	             "($::VERSION) of git-svn) does not exist.\n";
 	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/rev-parse --symbolic --all/);
 	while (<$fh>) {
 		my $x = $_;
@@ -3741,8 +5392,7 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 
 		# skip existing cases where we already connect to the root
 		if (($ra->{url} eq $ra->{repos_root}) ||
-		    (Git::SVN::sanitize_remote_name($ra->{repos_root}) eq
-		     $repo_id)) {
+		    ($ra->{repos_root} eq $repo_id)) {
 			$root_repos->{$ra->{url}} = $repo_id;
 			next;
 		}
@@ -3781,8 +5431,7 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 	foreach my $url (keys %$new_urls) {
 		# see if we can re-use an existing [svn-remote "repo_id"]
 		# instead of creating a(n ugly) new section:
-		my $repo_id = $root_repos->{$url} ||
-		              Git::SVN::sanitize_remote_name($url);
+		my $repo_id = $root_repos->{$url} || $url;
 
 		my $fetch = $new_urls->{$url};
 		foreach my $path (keys %$fetch) {
@@ -3804,8 +5453,7 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 		}
 	}
 	if (@emptied) {
-		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || $ENV{GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL} ||
-		           "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
+		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
 		print STDERR <<EOF;
 The following [svn-remote] sections in your config file ($file) are empty
 and can be safely removed:
@@ -3861,15 +5509,20 @@ sub new {
 	my ($class, $glob) = @_;
 	my $re = $glob;
 	$re =~ s!/+$!!g; # no need for trailing slashes
-	my $nr = ($re =~ s!^(.*)\*(.*)$!\(\[^/\]+\)!g);
-	my ($left, $right) = ($1, $2);
-	if ($nr > 1) {
-		die "Only one '*' wildcard expansion ",
-		    "is supported (got $nr): '$glob'\n";
-	} elsif ($nr == 0) {
+	$re =~ m!^([^*]*)(\*(?:/\*)*)([^*]*)$!;
+	my $temp = $re;
+	my ($left, $right) = ($1, $3);
+	$re = $2;
+	my $depth = $re =~ tr/*/*/;
+	if ($depth != $temp =~ tr/*/*/) {
+		die "Only one set of wildcard directories " .
+			"(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: '$glob'\n";
+	}
+	if ($depth == 0) {
 		die "One '*' is needed for glob: '$glob'\n";
 	}
-	$re = quotemeta($left) . $re . quotemeta($right);
+	$re =~ s!\*!\[^/\]*!g;
+	$re = quotemeta($left) . "($re)" . quotemeta($right);
 	if (length $left && !($left =~ s!/+$!!g)) {
 		die "Missing trailing '/' on left side of: '$glob' ($left)\n";
 	}
@@ -3878,7 +5531,7 @@ sub new {
 	}
 	my $left_re = qr/^\/\Q$left\E(\/|$)/;
 	bless { left => $left, right => $right, left_regex => $left_re,
-	        regex => qr/$re/, glob => $glob }, $class;
+	        regex => qr/$re/, glob => $glob, depth => $depth }, $class;
 }
 
 sub full_path {
diff --git a/git-web--browse.sh b/git-web--browse.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4f5c740df5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-web--browse.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# This program launch a web browser on the html page
+# describing a git command.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Christian Couder
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Theodore Y. Ts'o
+#
+# This file is heavily stolen from git-mergetool.sh, by
+# Theodore Y. Ts'o (thanks) that is:
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Theodore Y. Ts'o
+#
+# This file is licensed under the GPL v2, or a later version
+# at the discretion of Junio C Hamano or any other official
+# git maintainer.
+#
+
+USAGE='[--browser=browser|--tool=browser] [--config=conf.var] url/file ...'
+
+# This must be capable of running outside of git directory, so
+# the vanilla git-sh-setup should not be used.
+NONGIT_OK=Yes
+. git-sh-setup
+
+valid_custom_tool()
+{
+	browser_cmd="$(git config "browser.$1.cmd")"
+	test -n "$browser_cmd"
+}
+
+valid_tool() {
+	case "$1" in
+		firefox | iceweasel | konqueror | w3m | links | lynx | dillo | open | start)
+			;; # happy
+		*)
+			valid_custom_tool "$1" || return 1
+			;;
+	esac
+}
+
+init_browser_path() {
+	browser_path=$(git config "browser.$1.path")
+	test -z "$browser_path" && browser_path="$1"
+}
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+    case "$1" in
+	-b|--browser*|-t|--tool*)
+	    case "$#,$1" in
+		*,*=*)
+		    browser=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		    ;;
+		1,*)
+		    usage ;;
+		*)
+		    browser="$2"
+		    shift ;;
+	    esac
+	    ;;
+	-c|--config*)
+	    case "$#,$1" in
+		*,*=*)
+		    conf=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		    ;;
+		1,*)
+		    usage ;;
+		*)
+		    conf="$2"
+		    shift ;;
+	    esac
+	    ;;
+	--)
+	    break
+	    ;;
+	-*)
+	    usage
+	    ;;
+	*)
+	    break
+	    ;;
+    esac
+    shift
+done
+
+test $# = 0 && usage
+
+if test -z "$browser"
+then
+    for opt in "$conf" "web.browser"
+    do
+	test -z "$opt" && continue
+	browser="`git config $opt`"
+	test -z "$browser" || break
+    done
+    if test -n "$browser" && ! valid_tool "$browser"; then
+	echo >&2 "git config option $opt set to unknown browser: $browser"
+	echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
+	unset browser
+    fi
+fi
+
+if test -z "$browser" ; then
+    if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
+	browser_candidates="firefox iceweasel konqueror w3m links lynx dillo"
+	if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
+	    browser_candidates="konqueror $browser_candidates"
+	fi
+    else
+	browser_candidates="w3m links lynx"
+    fi
+    # SECURITYSESSIONID indicates an OS X GUI login session
+    if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID"; then
+	browser_candidates="open $browser_candidates"
+    fi
+    # /bin/start indicates MinGW
+    if test -x /bin/start; then
+	browser_candidates="start $browser_candidates"
+    fi
+
+    for i in $browser_candidates; do
+	init_browser_path $i
+	if type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+	    browser=$i
+	    break
+	fi
+    done
+    test -z "$browser" && die "No known browser available."
+else
+    valid_tool "$browser" || die "Unknown browser '$browser'."
+
+    init_browser_path "$browser"
+
+    if test -z "$browser_cmd" && ! type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+	die "The browser $browser is not available as '$browser_path'."
+    fi
+fi
+
+case "$browser" in
+    firefox|iceweasel)
+	# Check version because firefox < 2.0 does not support "-new-tab".
+	vers=$(expr "$($browser_path -version)" : '.* \([0-9][0-9]*\)\..*')
+	NEWTAB='-new-tab'
+	test "$vers" -lt 2 && NEWTAB=''
+	"$browser_path" $NEWTAB "$@" &
+	;;
+    konqueror)
+	case "$(basename "$browser_path")" in
+	    konqueror)
+		# It's simpler to use kfmclient to open a new tab in konqueror.
+		browser_path="$(echo "$browser_path" | sed -e 's/konqueror$/kfmclient/')"
+		type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1 || die "No '$browser_path' found."
+		eval "$browser_path" newTab "$@"
+		;;
+	    kfmclient)
+		eval "$browser_path" newTab "$@"
+		;;
+	    *)
+		"$browser_path" "$@" &
+		;;
+	esac
+	;;
+    w3m|links|lynx|open)
+	eval "$browser_path" "$@"
+	;;
+    start)
+        exec "$browser_path" '"web-browse"' "$@"
+        ;;
+    dillo)
+	"$browser_path" "$@" &
+	;;
+    *)
+	if test -n "$browser_cmd"; then
+	    ( eval $browser_cmd "$@" )
+	fi
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 33dd4d39d9..807d875ae0 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -2,33 +2,52 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 const char git_usage_string[] =
-	"git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [-p|--paginate] [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
+	"git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path] [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
 
-static void prepend_to_path(const char *dir, int len)
-{
-	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
-	char *path;
-	int path_len = len;
-
-	if (!old_path)
-		old_path = "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin";
-
-	path_len = len + strlen(old_path) + 1;
+const char git_more_info_string[] =
+	"See 'git help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.";
 
-	path = xmalloc(path_len + 1);
+static int use_pager = -1;
+struct pager_config {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int val;
+};
 
-	memcpy(path, dir, len);
-	path[len] = ':';
-	memcpy(path + len + 1, old_path, path_len - len);
+static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct pager_config *c = data;
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd))
+		c->val = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	setenv("PATH", path, 1);
+/* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
+int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
+{
+	struct pager_config c;
+	c.cmd = cmd;
+	c.val = -1;
+	git_config(pager_command_config, &c);
+	return c.val;
+}
 
-	free(path);
+static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
+	switch (use_pager) {
+	case 0:
+		setenv("GIT_PAGER", "cat", 1);
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		setup_pager();
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
 }
 
-static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc)
+static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 {
 	int handled = 0;
 
@@ -51,26 +70,55 @@ static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc)
 		if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "--exec-path")) {
 			cmd += 11;
 			if (*cmd == '=')
-				git_set_exec_path(cmd + 1);
+				git_set_argv_exec_path(cmd + 1);
 			else {
 				puts(git_exec_path());
 				exit(0);
 			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--html-path")) {
+			puts(system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH));
+			exit(0);
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
-			setup_pager();
+			use_pager = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
+			use_pager = 0;
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--git-dir")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --git-dir.\n" );
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
 			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 			(*argv)++;
 			(*argc)--;
+			handled++;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "--git-dir=")) {
 			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + 10, 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--work-tree")) {
+			if (*argc < 2) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --work-tree.\n" );
+				usage(git_usage_string);
+			}
+			setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
+			(*argv)++;
+			(*argc)--;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "--work-tree=")) {
+			setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + 12, 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--bare")) {
 			static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
-			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, getcwd(git_dir, sizeof(git_dir)), 1);
+			is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
+			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, getcwd(git_dir, sizeof(git_dir)), 0);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
 			usage(git_usage_string);
@@ -83,94 +131,48 @@ static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc)
 	return handled;
 }
 
-static const char *alias_command;
-static char *alias_string;
-
-static int git_alias_config(const char *var, const char *value)
-{
-	if (!prefixcmp(var, "alias.") && !strcmp(var + 6, alias_command)) {
-		alias_string = xstrdup(value);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
-{
-	int src, dst, count = 0, size = 16;
-	char quoted = 0;
-
-	*argv = xmalloc(sizeof(char*) * size);
-
-	/* split alias_string */
-	(*argv)[count++] = cmdline;
-	for (src = dst = 0; cmdline[src];) {
-		char c = cmdline[src];
-		if (!quoted && isspace(c)) {
-			cmdline[dst++] = 0;
-			while (cmdline[++src]
-					&& isspace(cmdline[src]))
-				; /* skip */
-			if (count >= size) {
-				size += 16;
-				*argv = xrealloc(*argv, sizeof(char*) * size);
-			}
-			(*argv)[count++] = cmdline + dst;
-		} else if(!quoted && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
-			quoted = c;
-			src++;
-		} else if (c == quoted) {
-			quoted = 0;
-			src++;
-		} else {
-			if (c == '\\' && quoted != '\'') {
-				src++;
-				c = cmdline[src];
-				if (!c) {
-					free(*argv);
-					*argv = NULL;
-					return error("cmdline ends with \\");
-				}
-			}
-			cmdline[dst++] = c;
-			src++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	cmdline[dst] = 0;
-
-	if (quoted) {
-		free(*argv);
-		*argv = NULL;
-		return error("unclosed quote");
-	}
-
-	return count;
-}
-
 static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 {
-	int nongit = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
+	int envchanged = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
 	const char *subdir;
 	int count, option_count;
-	const char** new_argv;
+	const char **new_argv;
+	const char *alias_command;
+	char *alias_string;
+	int unused_nongit;
 
-	subdir = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	subdir = setup_git_directory_gently(&unused_nongit);
 
 	alias_command = (*argv)[0];
-	git_config(git_alias_config);
+	alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
 	if (alias_string) {
 		if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
+			if (*argcp > 1) {
+				struct strbuf buf;
+
+				strbuf_init(&buf, PATH_MAX);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, alias_string);
+				sq_quote_argv(&buf, (*argv) + 1, PATH_MAX);
+				free(alias_string);
+				alias_string = buf.buf;
+			}
 			trace_printf("trace: alias to shell cmd: %s => %s\n",
 				     alias_command, alias_string + 1);
 			ret = system(alias_string + 1);
 			if (ret >= 0 && WIFEXITED(ret) &&
 			    WEXITSTATUS(ret) != 127)
 				exit(WEXITSTATUS(ret));
-			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'\n",
+			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'",
 			    alias_string + 1, alias_command);
 		}
 		count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
-		option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count);
+		if (count < 0)
+			die("Bad alias.%s string", alias_command);
+		option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count, &envchanged);
+		if (envchanged)
+			die("alias '%s' changes environment variables\n"
+				 "You can use '!git' in the alias to do this.",
+				 alias_command);
 		memmove(new_argv - option_count, new_argv,
 				count * sizeof(char *));
 		new_argv -= option_count;
@@ -181,15 +183,14 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 		if (!strcmp(alias_command, new_argv[0]))
 			die("recursive alias: %s", alias_command);
 
-		trace_argv_printf(new_argv, count,
+		trace_argv_printf(new_argv,
 				  "trace: alias expansion: %s =>",
 				  alias_command);
 
-		new_argv = xrealloc(new_argv, sizeof(char*) *
-				    (count + *argcp + 1));
+		new_argv = xrealloc(new_argv, sizeof(char *) *
+				    (count + *argcp));
 		/* insert after command name */
-		memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char*) * *argcp);
-		new_argv[count+*argcp] = NULL;
+		memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char *) * *argcp);
 
 		*argv = new_argv;
 		*argcp += count - 1;
@@ -197,8 +198,8 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 		ret = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (subdir)
-		chdir(subdir);
+	if (subdir && chdir(subdir))
+		die_errno("Cannot change to '%s'", subdir);
 
 	errno = saved_errno;
 
@@ -213,36 +214,91 @@ const char git_version_string[] = GIT_VERSION;
  * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
  * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
  */
-#define NOT_BARE 	(1<<2)
+#define NEED_WORK_TREE	(1<<2)
+
+struct cmd_struct {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
+	int option;
+};
+
+static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int status;
+	struct stat st;
+	const char *prefix;
+
+	prefix = NULL;
+	if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
+		prefix = setup_git_directory();
+
+	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & RUN_SETUP)
+		use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
+	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
+		use_pager = 1;
+	commit_pager_choice();
+
+	if (p->option & NEED_WORK_TREE)
+		setup_work_tree();
+
+	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: built-in: git");
+
+	status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+
+	/* Somebody closed stdout? */
+	if (fstat(fileno(stdout), &st))
+		return 0;
+	/* Ignore write errors for pipes and sockets.. */
+	if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) || S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Check for ENOSPC and EIO errors.. */
+	if (fflush(stdout))
+		die_errno("write failure on standard output");
+	if (ferror(stdout))
+		die("unknown write failure on standard output");
+	if (fclose(stdout))
+		die_errno("close failed on standard output");
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
+static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	const char *cmd = argv[0];
-	static struct cmd_struct {
-		const char *cmd;
-		int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
-		int option;
-	} commands[] = {
-		{ "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
-		{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, USE_PAGER },
+	static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
+		{ "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "apply", cmd_apply },
 		{ "archive", cmd_archive },
+		{ "bisect--helper", cmd_bisect__helper, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "blame", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "bundle", cmd_bundle },
 		{ "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
+			RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE},
 		{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
+		{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "cherry", cmd_cherry, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "cherry-pick", cmd_cherry_pick, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
+		{ "cherry-pick", cmd_cherry_pick, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "clone", cmd_clone },
+		{ "clean", cmd_clean, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "commit", cmd_commit, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "config", cmd_config },
 		{ "count-objects", cmd_count_objects, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "describe", cmd_describe, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "diff", cmd_diff, USE_PAGER },
-		{ "diff-files", cmd_diff_files },
+		{ "diff", cmd_diff },
+		{ "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "diff-index", cmd_diff_index, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "diff-tree", cmd_diff_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "fast-export", cmd_fast_export, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "fetch", cmd_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fetch--tool", cmd_fetch__tool, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fmt-merge-msg", cmd_fmt_merge_msg, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -253,41 +309,57 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
 		{ "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id },
 		{ "grep", cmd_grep, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
 		{ "help", cmd_help },
+#ifndef NO_CURL
+		{ "http-fetch", cmd_http_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
+#endif
 		{ "init", cmd_init_db },
 		{ "init-db", cmd_init_db },
 		{ "log", cmd_log, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
 		{ "ls-files", cmd_ls_files, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "ls-remote", cmd_ls_remote },
 		{ "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo },
 		{ "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit },
+		{ "merge", cmd_merge, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "merge-base", cmd_merge_base, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "merge-file", cmd_merge_file },
-		{ "mv", cmd_mv, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
+		{ "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "mktree", cmd_mktree, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "mv", cmd_mv, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "name-rev", cmd_name_rev, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "pack-objects", cmd_pack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "pickaxe", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
+		{ "peek-remote", cmd_ls_remote },
+		{ "pickaxe", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "prune", cmd_prune, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "prune-packed", cmd_prune_packed, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "push", cmd_push, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "read-tree", cmd_read_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "receive-pack", cmd_receive_pack },
 		{ "reflog", cmd_reflog, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "remote", cmd_remote, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "repo-config", cmd_config },
 		{ "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "revert", cmd_revert, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
-		{ "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
-		{ "runstatus", cmd_runstatus, RUN_SETUP | NOT_BARE },
-		{ "shortlog", cmd_shortlog, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
+		{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse },
+		{ "revert", cmd_revert, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "send-pack", cmd_send_pack, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "shortlog", cmd_shortlog, USE_PAGER },
 		{ "show-branch", cmd_show_branch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "show", cmd_show, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
+		{ "status", cmd_status, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "stripspace", cmd_stripspace },
 		{ "symbolic-ref", cmd_symbolic_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "tag", cmd_tag, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "tar-tree", cmd_tar_tree },
 		{ "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "update-index", cmd_update_index, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "update-ref", cmd_update_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
+		{ "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "version", cmd_version },
 		{ "whatchanged", cmd_whatchanged, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
 		{ "write-tree", cmd_write_tree, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -296,6 +368,16 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
 		{ "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs, RUN_SETUP },
 	};
 	int i;
+	static const char ext[] = STRIP_EXTENSION;
+
+	if (sizeof(ext) > 1) {
+		i = strlen(argv[0]) - strlen(ext);
+		if (i > 0 && !strcmp(argv[0] + i, ext)) {
+			char *argv0 = xstrdup(argv[0]);
+			argv[0] = cmd = argv0;
+			argv0[i] = '\0';
+		}
+	}
 
 	/* Turn "git cmd --help" into "git help cmd" */
 	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
@@ -305,44 +387,80 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
 		struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
-		const char *prefix;
 		if (strcmp(p->cmd, cmd))
 			continue;
-
-		prefix = NULL;
-		if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
-			prefix = setup_git_directory();
-		if (p->option & USE_PAGER)
-			setup_pager();
-		if ((p->option & NOT_BARE) &&
-				(is_bare_repository() || is_inside_git_dir()))
-			die("%s must be run in a work tree", cmd);
-		trace_argv_printf(argv, argc, "trace: built-in: git");
-
-		exit(p->fn(argc, argv, prefix));
+		exit(run_builtin(p, argc, argv));
 	}
 }
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
+static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 {
-	const char *cmd = argv[0] ? argv[0] : "git-help";
-	char *slash = strrchr(cmd, '/');
-	const char *exec_path = NULL;
-	int done_alias = 0;
+	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *tmp;
+	int status;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git-%s", argv[0]);
+
+	/*
+	 * argv[0] must be the git command, but the argv array
+	 * belongs to the caller, and may be reused in
+	 * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
+	 * restore it on error.
+	 */
+	tmp = argv[0];
+	argv[0] = cmd.buf;
+
+	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: exec:");
 
 	/*
-	 * Take the basename of argv[0] as the command
-	 * name, and the dirname as the default exec_path
-	 * if it's an absolute path and we don't have
-	 * anything better.
+	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
+	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
 	 */
-	if (slash) {
-		*slash++ = 0;
-		if (*cmd == '/')
-			exec_path = cmd;
-		cmd = slash;
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
+	if (status != -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC) {
+		if (IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(status))
+			die("unable to run '%s'", argv[0]);
+		exit(-status);
+	}
+	errno = ENOENT; /* as if we called execvp */
+
+	argv[0] = tmp;
+
+	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+}
+
+static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
+{
+	int done_alias = 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		/* See if it's an internal command */
+		handle_internal_command(*argcp, *argv);
+
+		/* .. then try the external ones */
+		execv_dashed_external(*argv);
+
+		/* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
+		 * of overriding "git log" with "git show" by having
+		 * alias.log = show
+		 */
+		if (done_alias || !handle_alias(argcp, argv))
+			break;
+		done_alias = 1;
 	}
 
+	return done_alias;
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *cmd;
+
+	cmd = git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	if (!cmd)
+		cmd = "git-help";
+
 	/*
 	 * "git-xxxx" is the same as "git xxxx", but we obviously:
 	 *
@@ -356,60 +474,52 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
 	if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "git-")) {
 		cmd += 4;
 		argv[0] = cmd;
-		handle_internal_command(argc, argv, envp);
+		handle_internal_command(argc, argv);
 		die("cannot handle %s internally", cmd);
 	}
 
 	/* Look for flags.. */
 	argv++;
 	argc--;
-	handle_options(&argv, &argc);
+	handle_options(&argv, &argc, NULL);
+	commit_pager_choice();
 	if (argc > 0) {
 		if (!prefixcmp(argv[0], "--"))
 			argv[0] += 2;
 	} else {
-		/* Default command: "help" */
-		argv[0] = "help";
-		argc = 1;
+		/* The user didn't specify a command; give them help */
+		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
+		list_common_cmds_help();
+		printf("\n%s\n", git_more_info_string);
+		exit(1);
 	}
 	cmd = argv[0];
 
 	/*
-	 * We search for git commands in the following order:
-	 *  - git_exec_path()
-	 *  - the path of the "git" command if we could find it
-	 *    in $0
-	 *  - the regular PATH.
+	 * We use PATH to find git commands, but we prepend some higher
+	 * precedence paths: the "--exec-path" option, the GIT_EXEC_PATH
+	 * environment, and the $(gitexecdir) from the Makefile at build
+	 * time.
 	 */
-	if (exec_path)
-		prepend_to_path(exec_path, strlen(exec_path));
-	exec_path = git_exec_path();
-	prepend_to_path(exec_path, strlen(exec_path));
+	setup_path();
 
 	while (1) {
-		/* See if it's an internal command */
-		handle_internal_command(argc, argv, envp);
-
-		/* .. then try the external ones */
-		execv_git_cmd(argv);
-
-		/* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
-		 * of overriding "git log" with "git show" by having
-		 * alias.log = show
-		 */
-		if (done_alias || !handle_alias(&argc, &argv))
+		static int done_help = 0;
+		static int was_alias = 0;
+		was_alias = run_argv(&argc, &argv);
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			break;
-		done_alias = 1;
-	}
-
-	if (errno == ENOENT) {
-		if (done_alias) {
+		if (was_alias) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
 				"'%s' is not a git-command\n",
 				cmd, argv[0]);
 			exit(1);
 		}
-		help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
+		if (!done_help) {
+			cmd = argv[0] = help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
+			done_help = 1;
+		} else
+			break;
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
diff --git a/git.spec.in b/git.spec.in
index f0746ed78c..4be0834f0b 100644
--- a/git.spec.in
+++ b/git.spec.in
@@ -1,117 +1,126 @@
 # Pass --without docs to rpmbuild if you don't want the documentation
 
-%define python_path /usr/bin/python
-
 Name: 		git
 Version: 	@@VERSION@@
 Release: 	1%{?dist}
-Summary:  	Git core and tools
+Summary:  	Core git tools
 License: 	GPL
 Group: 		Development/Tools
 URL: 		http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/
 Source: 	http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
-BuildRequires:	zlib-devel >= 1.2, openssl-devel, curl-devel, expat-devel  %{!?_without_docs:, xmlto, asciidoc > 6.0.3}
+BuildRequires:	zlib-devel >= 1.2, openssl-devel, curl-devel, expat-devel, gettext  %{!?_without_docs:, xmlto, asciidoc > 6.0.3}
 BuildRoot:	%{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-root-%(%{__id_u} -n)
-Requires:	git-core, git-svn, git-cvs, git-arch, git-email, gitk, git-gui, git-p4, perl-Git
+
+Requires:	perl-Git = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	zlib >= 1.2, rsync, less, openssh-clients, expat
+Provides:	git-core = %{version}-%{release}
+Obsoletes:	git-core <= 1.5.4.2
+Obsoletes:	git-p4
 
 %description
 Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
 and full access to internals.
 
-This is a dummy package which brings in all subpackages.
+The git rpm installs the core tools with minimal dependencies.  To
+install all git packages, including tools for integrating with other
+SCMs, install the git-all meta-package.
 
-%package core
-Summary:	Core git tools
+%package all
+Summary:	Meta-package to pull in all git tools
 Group:		Development/Tools
-Requires:	zlib >= 1.2, rsync, curl, less, openssh-clients, expat
-%description core
+Requires:	git = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	git-svn = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	git-cvs = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	git-arch = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	git-email = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	gitk = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:	git-gui = %{version}-%{release}
+Obsoletes:	git <= 1.5.4.2
+
+%description all
 Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
 and full access to internals.
 
-These are the core tools with minimal dependencies.
+This is a dummy package which brings in all subpackages.
 
 %package svn
 Summary:        Git tools for importing Subversion repositories
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, subversion
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, subversion
 %description svn
 Git tools for importing Subversion repositories.
 
 %package cvs
 Summary:        Git tools for importing CVS repositories
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, cvs, cvsps
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, cvs, cvsps
 %description cvs
 Git tools for importing CVS repositories.
 
 %package arch
 Summary:        Git tools for importing Arch repositories
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, tla
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tla
 %description arch
 Git tools for importing Arch repositories.
 
-%package p4
-Summary:        Git tools for importing Perforce repositories
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, python
-%description p4
-Git tools for importing Perforce repositories.
-
 %package email
 Summary:        Git tools for sending email
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:	git-core = %{version}-%{release} 
+Requires:	git = %{version}-%{release}
 %description email
 Git tools for sending email.
 
 %package gui
 Summary:        Git GUI tool
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
 %description gui
 Git GUI tool
 
 %package -n gitk
 Summary:        Git revision tree visualiser ('gitk')
 Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
 %description -n gitk
 Git revision tree visualiser ('gitk')
 
 %package -n perl-Git
 Summary:        Perl interface to Git
 Group:          Development/Libraries
-Requires:       git-core = %{version}-%{release}
+Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}
 Requires:       perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_%(eval "`%{__perl} -V:version`"; echo $version))
 BuildRequires:  perl(Error)
 
 %description -n perl-Git
 Perl interface to Git
 
+%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-%{version}
+
 %prep
 %setup -q
 
 %build
-make %{_smp_mflags} CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" WITH_P4IMPORT=YesPlease \
-     prefix=%{_prefix} PYTHON_PATH=%{python_path} all %{!?_without_docs: doc}
+make %{_smp_mflags} CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" \
+     %{path_settings} \
+     all %{!?_without_docs: doc}
 
 %install
 rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 make %{_smp_mflags} CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" DESTDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT \
-     WITH_P4IMPORT=YesPlease prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} \
-     PYTHON_PATH=%{python_path} \
+     %{path_settings} \
      INSTALLDIRS=vendor install %{!?_without_docs: install-doc}
 find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name .packlist -exec rm -f {} ';'
 find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name '*.bs' -empty -exec rm -f {} ';'
 find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name perllocal.pod -exec rm -f {} ';'
 
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_bindir} -type f | grep -vE "p4import|archimport|svn|cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@)               > bin-man-doc-files
+(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_bindir} -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@)               > bin-man-doc-files
+(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_libexecdir}/git-core -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@)               >> bin-man-doc-files
 (find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{perl_vendorlib} -type f | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@) >> perl-files
 %if %{!?_without_docs:1}0
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir} $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/Documentation -type f | grep -vE "p4import|archimport|svn|git-cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@ -e 's/$/*/' ) >> bin-man-doc-files
+(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir} $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/Documentation -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|git-cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@ -e 's/$/*/' ) >> bin-man-doc-files
 %else
 rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}
 %endif
@@ -119,12 +128,16 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}
 %clean
 rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 
-%files
-# These are no files in the root package
+%files -f bin-man-doc-files
+%defattr(-,root,root)
+%{_datadir}/git-core/
+%doc README COPYING Documentation/*.txt
+%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*.html Documentation/howto}
+%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/technical}
 
 %files svn
 %defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_bindir}/*svn*
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*svn*
 %doc Documentation/*svn*.txt
 %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*svn*.1*}
 %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*svn*.html }
@@ -132,58 +145,91 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 %files cvs
 %defattr(-,root,root)
 %doc Documentation/*git-cvs*.txt
-%{_bindir}/*cvs*
+%{_bindir}/git-cvsserver
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*cvs*
 %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*cvs*.1*}
 %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*git-cvs*.html }
 
 %files arch
 %defattr(-,root,root)
 %doc Documentation/git-archimport.txt
-%{_bindir}/git-archimport
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-archimport
 %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-archimport.1*}
 %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-archimport.html }
 
-%files p4
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc Documentation/git-p4import.txt
-%{_bindir}/git-p4import
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-p4import.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-p4import.html }
-
 %files email
 %defattr(-,root,root)
 %doc Documentation/*email*.txt
-%{_bindir}/*email*
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*email*
 %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*email*.1*}
 %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*email*.html }
 
 %files gui
 %defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_bindir}/git-gui
-%{_bindir}/git-citool
-# Not Yet...
-# %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-gui.1}
-# %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-gui.html}
-# %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-citool.1}
-# %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-citool.html}
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-gui
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-citool
+%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-gui--askpass
+%{_datadir}/git-gui/
+%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-gui.1*}
+%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-gui.html}
+%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-citool.1*}
+%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-citool.html}
 
 %files -n gitk
 %defattr(-,root,root)
 %doc Documentation/*gitk*.txt
 %{_bindir}/*gitk*
+%{_datadir}/gitk/
 %{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*gitk*.1*}
 %{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*gitk*.html }
 
 %files -n perl-Git -f perl-files
 %defattr(-,root,root)
 
-%files core -f bin-man-doc-files
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_datadir}/git-core/
-%doc README COPYING Documentation/*.txt
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*.html }
+%files all
+# No files for you!
 
 %changelog
+* Mon Feb 04 2009 David J. Mellor <dmellor@whistlingcat.com>
+- fixed broken git help -w after renaming the git-core package to git.
+
+* Fri Sep 12 2008 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
+- move git-cvsserver to bindir.
+
+* Sun Jun 15 2008 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+- Remove curl from Requires list.
+
+* Fri Feb 15 2008 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
+- Rename git-core to just git and rename meta package from git to git-all.
+
+* Sun Feb 03 2008 James Bowes <jbowes@dangerouslyinc.com>
+- Add a BuildRequires for gettext
+
+* Fri Jan 11 2008 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+- Include gitk message files
+
+* Sun Jan 06 2008 James Bowes <jbowes@dangerouslyinc.com>
+- Make the metapackage require the same version of the subpackages.
+
+* Wed Dec 12 2007 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+- Adjust htmldir to point at /usr/share/doc/git-core-$version/
+
+* Sun Jul 15 2007 Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
+- Removed p4import.
+
+* Tue Jun 26 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
+- Fixed problems looking for wrong manpages.
+
+* Thu Jun 21 2007 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
+- Added documentation files for git-gui
+
+* Tue May 13 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
+- Added lib files for git-gui
+- Added Documentation/technical (As needed by Git Users Manual)
+
+* Tue May 8 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
+- Added howto files
+
 * Tue Mar 27 2007 Eygene Ryabinkin <rea-git@codelabs.ru>
 - Added the git-p4 package: Perforce import stuff.
 
diff --git a/gitk b/gitk
deleted file mode 100755
index db28d745dc..0000000000
--- a/gitk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6354 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
-exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
-
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2006 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
-# This program is free software; it may be used, copied, modified
-# and distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence,
-# either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-proc gitdir {} {
-    global env
-    if {[info exists env(GIT_DIR)]} {
-	return $env(GIT_DIR)
-    } else {
-	return [exec git rev-parse --git-dir]
-    }
-}
-
-proc start_rev_list {view} {
-    global startmsecs nextupdate
-    global commfd leftover tclencoding datemode
-    global viewargs viewfiles commitidx
-
-    set startmsecs [clock clicks -milliseconds]
-    set nextupdate [expr {$startmsecs + 100}]
-    set commitidx($view) 0
-    set args $viewargs($view)
-    if {$viewfiles($view) ne {}} {
-	set args [concat $args "--" $viewfiles($view)]
-    }
-    set order "--topo-order"
-    if {$datemode} {
-	set order "--date-order"
-    }
-    if {[catch {
-	set fd [open [concat | git rev-list --header $order \
-			  --parents --boundary --default HEAD $args] r]
-    } err]} {
-	puts stderr "Error executing git rev-list: $err"
-	exit 1
-    }
-    set commfd($view) $fd
-    set leftover($view) {}
-    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf
-    if {$tclencoding != {}} {
-	fconfigure $fd -encoding $tclencoding
-    }
-    fileevent $fd readable [list getcommitlines $fd $view]
-    nowbusy $view
-}
-
-proc stop_rev_list {} {
-    global commfd curview
-
-    if {![info exists commfd($curview)]} return
-    set fd $commfd($curview)
-    catch {
-	set pid [pid $fd]
-	exec kill $pid
-    }
-    catch {close $fd}
-    unset commfd($curview)
-}
-
-proc getcommits {} {
-    global phase canv mainfont curview
-
-    set phase getcommits
-    initlayout
-    start_rev_list $curview
-    show_status "Reading commits..."
-}
-
-proc getcommitlines {fd view}  {
-    global commitlisted nextupdate
-    global leftover commfd
-    global displayorder commitidx commitrow commitdata
-    global parentlist childlist children curview hlview
-    global vparentlist vchildlist vdisporder vcmitlisted
-
-    set stuff [read $fd 500000]
-    if {$stuff == {}} {
-	if {![eof $fd]} return
-	global viewname
-	unset commfd($view)
-	notbusy $view
-	# set it blocking so we wait for the process to terminate
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
-	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
-	    set fv {}
-	    if {$view != $curview} {
-		set fv " for the \"$viewname($view)\" view"
-	    }
-	    if {[string range $err 0 4] == "usage"} {
-		set err "Gitk: error reading commits$fv:\
-			bad arguments to git rev-list."
-		if {$viewname($view) eq "Command line"} {
-		    append err \
-			"  (Note: arguments to gitk are passed to git rev-list\
-			 to allow selection of commits to be displayed.)"
-		}
-	    } else {
-		set err "Error reading commits$fv: $err"
-	    }
-	    error_popup $err
-	}
-	if {$view == $curview} {
-	    after idle finishcommits
-	}
-	return
-    }
-    set start 0
-    set gotsome 0
-    while 1 {
-	set i [string first "\0" $stuff $start]
-	if {$i < 0} {
-	    append leftover($view) [string range $stuff $start end]
-	    break
-	}
-	if {$start == 0} {
-	    set cmit $leftover($view)
-	    append cmit [string range $stuff 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
-	    set leftover($view) {}
-	} else {
-	    set cmit [string range $stuff $start [expr {$i - 1}]]
-	}
-	set start [expr {$i + 1}]
-	set j [string first "\n" $cmit]
-	set ok 0
-	set listed 1
-	if {$j >= 0} {
-	    set ids [string range $cmit 0 [expr {$j - 1}]]
-	    if {[string range $ids 0 0] == "-"} {
-		set listed 0
-		set ids [string range $ids 1 end]
-	    }
-	    set ok 1
-	    foreach id $ids {
-		if {[string length $id] != 40} {
-		    set ok 0
-		    break
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	if {!$ok} {
-	    set shortcmit $cmit
-	    if {[string length $shortcmit] > 80} {
-		set shortcmit "[string range $shortcmit 0 80]..."
-	    }
-	    error_popup "Can't parse git rev-list output: {$shortcmit}"
-	    exit 1
-	}
-	set id [lindex $ids 0]
-	if {$listed} {
-	    set olds [lrange $ids 1 end]
-	    set i 0
-	    foreach p $olds {
-		if {$i == 0 || [lsearch -exact $olds $p] >= $i} {
-		    lappend children($view,$p) $id
-		}
-		incr i
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    set olds {}
-	}
-	if {![info exists children($view,$id)]} {
-	    set children($view,$id) {}
-	}
-	set commitdata($id) [string range $cmit [expr {$j + 1}] end]
-	set commitrow($view,$id) $commitidx($view)
-	incr commitidx($view)
-	if {$view == $curview} {
-	    lappend parentlist $olds
-	    lappend childlist $children($view,$id)
-	    lappend displayorder $id
-	    lappend commitlisted $listed
-	} else {
-	    lappend vparentlist($view) $olds
-	    lappend vchildlist($view) $children($view,$id)
-	    lappend vdisporder($view) $id
-	    lappend vcmitlisted($view) $listed
-	}
-	set gotsome 1
-    }
-    if {$gotsome} {
-	if {$view == $curview} {
-	    while {[layoutmore $nextupdate]} doupdate
-	} elseif {[info exists hlview] && $view == $hlview} {
-	    vhighlightmore
-	}
-    }
-    if {[clock clicks -milliseconds] >= $nextupdate} {
-	doupdate
-    }
-}
-
-proc doupdate {} {
-    global commfd nextupdate numcommits
-
-    foreach v [array names commfd] {
-	fileevent $commfd($v) readable {}
-    }
-    update
-    set nextupdate [expr {[clock clicks -milliseconds] + 100}]
-    foreach v [array names commfd] {
-	set fd $commfd($v)
-	fileevent $fd readable [list getcommitlines $fd $v]
-    }
-}
-
-proc readcommit {id} {
-    if {[catch {set contents [exec git cat-file commit $id]}]} return
-    parsecommit $id $contents 0
-}
-
-proc updatecommits {} {
-    global viewdata curview phase displayorder
-    global children commitrow selectedline thickerline
-
-    if {$phase ne {}} {
-	stop_rev_list
-	set phase {}
-    }
-    set n $curview
-    foreach id $displayorder {
-	catch {unset children($n,$id)}
-	catch {unset commitrow($n,$id)}
-    }
-    set curview -1
-    catch {unset selectedline}
-    catch {unset thickerline}
-    catch {unset viewdata($n)}
-    discardallcommits
-    readrefs
-    showview $n
-}
-
-proc parsecommit {id contents listed} {
-    global commitinfo cdate
-
-    set inhdr 1
-    set comment {}
-    set headline {}
-    set auname {}
-    set audate {}
-    set comname {}
-    set comdate {}
-    set hdrend [string first "\n\n" $contents]
-    if {$hdrend < 0} {
-	# should never happen...
-	set hdrend [string length $contents]
-    }
-    set header [string range $contents 0 [expr {$hdrend - 1}]]
-    set comment [string range $contents [expr {$hdrend + 2}] end]
-    foreach line [split $header "\n"] {
-	set tag [lindex $line 0]
-	if {$tag == "author"} {
-	    set audate [lindex $line end-1]
-	    set auname [lrange $line 1 end-2]
-	} elseif {$tag == "committer"} {
-	    set comdate [lindex $line end-1]
-	    set comname [lrange $line 1 end-2]
-	}
-    }
-    set headline {}
-    # take the first line of the comment as the headline
-    set i [string first "\n" $comment]
-    if {$i >= 0} {
-	set headline [string trim [string range $comment 0 $i]]
-    } else {
-	set headline $comment
-    }
-    if {!$listed} {
-	# git rev-list indents the comment by 4 spaces;
-	# if we got this via git cat-file, add the indentation
-	set newcomment {}
-	foreach line [split $comment "\n"] {
-	    append newcomment "    "
-	    append newcomment $line
-	    append newcomment "\n"
-	}
-	set comment $newcomment
-    }
-    if {$comdate != {}} {
-	set cdate($id) $comdate
-    }
-    set commitinfo($id) [list $headline $auname $audate \
-			     $comname $comdate $comment]
-}
-
-proc getcommit {id} {
-    global commitdata commitinfo
-
-    if {[info exists commitdata($id)]} {
-	parsecommit $id $commitdata($id) 1
-    } else {
-	readcommit $id
-	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
-	    set commitinfo($id) {"No commit information available"}
-	}
-    }
-    return 1
-}
-
-proc readrefs {} {
-    global tagids idtags headids idheads tagcontents
-    global otherrefids idotherrefs mainhead
-
-    foreach v {tagids idtags headids idheads otherrefids idotherrefs} {
-	catch {unset $v}
-    }
-    set refd [open [list | git show-ref] r]
-    while {0 <= [set n [gets $refd line]]} {
-	if {![regexp {^([0-9a-f]{40}) refs/([^^]*)$} $line \
-	    match id path]} {
-	    continue
-	}
-	if {[regexp {^remotes/.*/HEAD$} $path match]} {
-	    continue
-	}
-	if {![regexp {^(tags|heads)/(.*)$} $path match type name]} {
-	    set type others
-	    set name $path
-	}
-	if {[regexp {^remotes/} $path match]} {
-	    set type heads
-	}
-	if {$type == "tags"} {
-	    set tagids($name) $id
-	    lappend idtags($id) $name
-	    set obj {}
-	    set type {}
-	    set tag {}
-	    catch {
-		set commit [exec git rev-parse "$id^0"]
-		if {$commit != $id} {
-		    set tagids($name) $commit
-		    lappend idtags($commit) $name
-		}
-	    }		
-	    catch {
-	        set tagcontents($name) [exec git cat-file tag $id]
-	    }
-	} elseif { $type == "heads" } {
-	    set headids($name) $id
-	    lappend idheads($id) $name
-	} else {
-	    set otherrefids($name) $id
-	    lappend idotherrefs($id) $name
-	}
-    }
-    close $refd
-    set mainhead {}
-    catch {
-	set thehead [exec git symbolic-ref HEAD]
-	if {[string match "refs/heads/*" $thehead]} {
-	    set mainhead [string range $thehead 11 end]
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc show_error {w top msg} {
-    message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
-    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.ok -text OK -command "destroy $top"
-    pack $w.ok -side bottom -fill x
-    bind $top <Visibility> "grab $top; focus $top"
-    bind $top <Key-Return> "destroy $top"
-    tkwait window $top
-}
-
-proc error_popup msg {
-    set w .error
-    toplevel $w
-    wm transient $w .
-    show_error $w $w $msg
-}
-
-proc confirm_popup msg {
-    global confirm_ok
-    set confirm_ok 0
-    set w .confirm
-    toplevel $w
-    wm transient $w .
-    message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
-    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.ok -text OK -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
-    pack $w.ok -side left -fill x
-    button $w.cancel -text Cancel -command "destroy $w"
-    pack $w.cancel -side right -fill x
-    bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
-    tkwait window $w
-    return $confirm_ok
-}
-
-proc makewindow {} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3 linespc charspc ctext cflist
-    global textfont mainfont uifont
-    global findtype findtypemenu findloc findstring fstring geometry
-    global entries sha1entry sha1string sha1but
-    global maincursor textcursor curtextcursor
-    global rowctxmenu mergemax wrapcomment
-    global highlight_files gdttype
-    global searchstring sstring
-    global bgcolor fgcolor bglist fglist diffcolors
-    global headctxmenu
-
-    menu .bar
-    .bar add cascade -label "File" -menu .bar.file
-    .bar configure -font $uifont
-    menu .bar.file
-    .bar.file add command -label "Update" -command updatecommits
-    .bar.file add command -label "Reread references" -command rereadrefs
-    .bar.file add command -label "Quit" -command doquit
-    .bar.file configure -font $uifont
-    menu .bar.edit
-    .bar add cascade -label "Edit" -menu .bar.edit
-    .bar.edit add command -label "Preferences" -command doprefs
-    .bar.edit configure -font $uifont
-
-    menu .bar.view -font $uifont
-    .bar add cascade -label "View" -menu .bar.view
-    .bar.view add command -label "New view..." -command {newview 0}
-    .bar.view add command -label "Edit view..." -command editview \
-	-state disabled
-    .bar.view add command -label "Delete view" -command delview -state disabled
-    .bar.view add separator
-    .bar.view add radiobutton -label "All files" -command {showview 0} \
-	-variable selectedview -value 0
-
-    menu .bar.help
-    .bar add cascade -label "Help" -menu .bar.help
-    .bar.help add command -label "About gitk" -command about
-    .bar.help add command -label "Key bindings" -command keys
-    .bar.help configure -font $uifont
-    . configure -menu .bar
-
-    # the gui has upper and lower half, parts of a paned window.
-    panedwindow .ctop -orient vertical
-
-    # possibly use assumed geometry
-    if {![info exists geometry(pwsash0)]} {
-        set geometry(topheight) [expr {15 * $linespc}]
-        set geometry(topwidth) [expr {80 * $charspc}]
-        set geometry(botheight) [expr {15 * $linespc}]
-        set geometry(botwidth) [expr {50 * $charspc}]
-        set geometry(pwsash0) "[expr {40 * $charspc}] 2"
-        set geometry(pwsash1) "[expr {60 * $charspc}] 2"
-    }
-
-    # the upper half will have a paned window, a scroll bar to the right, and some stuff below
-    frame .tf -height $geometry(topheight) -width $geometry(topwidth)
-    frame .tf.histframe
-    panedwindow .tf.histframe.pwclist -orient horizontal -sashpad 0 -handlesize 4
-
-    # create three canvases
-    set cscroll .tf.histframe.csb
-    set canv .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv
-    canvas $canv \
-	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 \
-	-yscrollincr $linespc -yscrollcommand "scrollcanv $cscroll"
-    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv
-    set canv2 .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv2
-    canvas $canv2 \
-	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 -yscrollincr $linespc
-    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv2
-    set canv3 .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv3
-    canvas $canv3 \
-	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 -yscrollincr $linespc
-    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv3
-    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 0 $geometry(pwsash0)
-    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 1 $geometry(pwsash1)
-
-    # a scroll bar to rule them
-    scrollbar $cscroll -command {allcanvs yview} -highlightthickness 0
-    pack $cscroll -side right -fill y
-    bind .tf.histframe.pwclist <Configure> {resizeclistpanes %W %w}
-    lappend bglist $canv $canv2 $canv3
-    pack .tf.histframe.pwclist -fill both -expand 1 -side left
-
-    # we have two button bars at bottom of top frame. Bar 1
-    frame .tf.bar
-    frame .tf.lbar -height 15
-
-    set sha1entry .tf.bar.sha1
-    set entries $sha1entry
-    set sha1but .tf.bar.sha1label
-    button $sha1but -text "SHA1 ID: " -state disabled -relief flat \
-	-command gotocommit -width 8 -font $uifont
-    $sha1but conf -disabledforeground [$sha1but cget -foreground]
-    pack .tf.bar.sha1label -side left
-    entry $sha1entry -width 40 -font $textfont -textvariable sha1string
-    trace add variable sha1string write sha1change
-    pack $sha1entry -side left -pady 2
-
-    image create bitmap bm-left -data {
-	#define left_width 16
-	#define left_height 16
-	static unsigned char left_bits[] = {
-	0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
-	0x0e, 0x00, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
-	0x38, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01};
-    }
-    image create bitmap bm-right -data {
-	#define right_width 16
-	#define right_height 16
-	static unsigned char right_bits[] = {
-	0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c,
-	0x00, 0x38, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c,
-	0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x01};
-    }
-    button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
-	-state disabled -width 26
-    pack .tf.bar.leftbut -side left -fill y
-    button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
-	-state disabled -width 26
-    pack .tf.bar.rightbut -side left -fill y
-
-    button .tf.bar.findbut -text "Find" -command dofind -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.bar.findbut -side left
-    set findstring {}
-    set fstring .tf.bar.findstring
-    lappend entries $fstring
-    entry $fstring -width 30 -font $textfont -textvariable findstring
-    trace add variable findstring write find_change
-    pack $fstring -side left -expand 1 -fill x -in .tf.bar
-    set findtype Exact
-    set findtypemenu [tk_optionMenu .tf.bar.findtype \
-		      findtype Exact IgnCase Regexp]
-    trace add variable findtype write find_change
-    .tf.bar.findtype configure -font $uifont
-    .tf.bar.findtype.menu configure -font $uifont
-    set findloc "All fields"
-    tk_optionMenu .tf.bar.findloc findloc "All fields" Headline \
-	Comments Author Committer
-    trace add variable findloc write find_change
-    .tf.bar.findloc configure -font $uifont
-    .tf.bar.findloc.menu configure -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.bar.findloc -side right
-    pack .tf.bar.findtype -side right
-
-    # build up the bottom bar of upper window
-    label .tf.lbar.flabel -text "Highlight:  Commits " \
-    -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.lbar.flabel -side left -fill y
-    set gdttype "touching paths:"
-    set gm [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.gdttype gdttype "touching paths:" \
-	"adding/removing string:"]
-    trace add variable gdttype write hfiles_change
-    $gm conf -font $uifont
-    .tf.lbar.gdttype conf -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.lbar.gdttype -side left -fill y
-    entry .tf.lbar.fent -width 25 -font $textfont \
-	-textvariable highlight_files
-    trace add variable highlight_files write hfiles_change
-    lappend entries .tf.lbar.fent
-    pack .tf.lbar.fent -side left -fill x -expand 1
-    label .tf.lbar.vlabel -text " OR in view" -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.lbar.vlabel -side left -fill y
-    global viewhlmenu selectedhlview
-    set viewhlmenu [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.vhl selectedhlview None]
-    $viewhlmenu entryconf None -command delvhighlight
-    $viewhlmenu conf -font $uifont
-    .tf.lbar.vhl conf -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.lbar.vhl -side left -fill y
-    label .tf.lbar.rlabel -text " OR " -font $uifont
-    pack .tf.lbar.rlabel -side left -fill y
-    global highlight_related
-    set m [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.relm highlight_related None \
-	"Descendent" "Not descendent" "Ancestor" "Not ancestor"]
-    $m conf -font $uifont
-    .tf.lbar.relm conf -font $uifont
-    trace add variable highlight_related write vrel_change
-    pack .tf.lbar.relm -side left -fill y
-
-    # Finish putting the upper half of the viewer together
-    pack .tf.lbar -in .tf -side bottom -fill x
-    pack .tf.bar -in .tf -side bottom -fill x
-    pack .tf.histframe -fill both -side top -expand 1
-    .ctop add .tf
-    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -height $geometry(topheight)
-    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -width $geometry(topwidth)
-
-    # now build up the bottom
-    panedwindow .pwbottom -orient horizontal
-
-    # lower left, a text box over search bar, scroll bar to the right
-    # if we know window height, then that will set the lower text height, otherwise
-    # we set lower text height which will drive window height
-    if {[info exists geometry(main)]} {
-        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
-    } else {
-        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth) -height $geometry(botheight)
-    }
-    frame .bleft.top
-
-    button .bleft.top.search -text "Search" -command dosearch \
-	-font $uifont
-    pack .bleft.top.search -side left -padx 5
-    set sstring .bleft.top.sstring
-    entry $sstring -width 20 -font $textfont -textvariable searchstring
-    lappend entries $sstring
-    trace add variable searchstring write incrsearch
-    pack $sstring -side left -expand 1 -fill x
-    set ctext .bleft.ctext
-    text $ctext -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
-	-state disabled -font $textfont \
-	-yscrollcommand scrolltext -wrap none
-    scrollbar .bleft.sb -command "$ctext yview"
-    pack .bleft.top -side top -fill x
-    pack .bleft.sb -side right -fill y
-    pack $ctext -side left -fill both -expand 1
-    lappend bglist $ctext
-    lappend fglist $ctext
-
-    $ctext tag conf comment -wrap $wrapcomment
-    $ctext tag conf filesep -font [concat $textfont bold] -back "#aaaaaa"
-    $ctext tag conf hunksep -fore [lindex $diffcolors 2]
-    $ctext tag conf d0 -fore [lindex $diffcolors 0]
-    $ctext tag conf d1 -fore [lindex $diffcolors 1]
-    $ctext tag conf m0 -fore red
-    $ctext tag conf m1 -fore blue
-    $ctext tag conf m2 -fore green
-    $ctext tag conf m3 -fore purple
-    $ctext tag conf m4 -fore brown
-    $ctext tag conf m5 -fore "#009090"
-    $ctext tag conf m6 -fore magenta
-    $ctext tag conf m7 -fore "#808000"
-    $ctext tag conf m8 -fore "#009000"
-    $ctext tag conf m9 -fore "#ff0080"
-    $ctext tag conf m10 -fore cyan
-    $ctext tag conf m11 -fore "#b07070"
-    $ctext tag conf m12 -fore "#70b0f0"
-    $ctext tag conf m13 -fore "#70f0b0"
-    $ctext tag conf m14 -fore "#f0b070"
-    $ctext tag conf m15 -fore "#ff70b0"
-    $ctext tag conf mmax -fore darkgrey
-    set mergemax 16
-    $ctext tag conf mresult -font [concat $textfont bold]
-    $ctext tag conf msep -font [concat $textfont bold]
-    $ctext tag conf found -back yellow
-
-    .pwbottom add .bleft
-    .pwbottom paneconfigure .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
-
-    # lower right
-    frame .bright
-    frame .bright.mode
-    radiobutton .bright.mode.patch -text "Patch" \
-	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "patch"
-    radiobutton .bright.mode.tree -text "Tree" \
-	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "tree"
-    grid .bright.mode.patch .bright.mode.tree -sticky ew
-    pack .bright.mode -side top -fill x
-    set cflist .bright.cfiles
-    set indent [font measure $mainfont "nn"]
-    text $cflist \
-	-background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
-	-font $mainfont \
-	-tabs [list $indent [expr {2 * $indent}]] \
-	-yscrollcommand ".bright.sb set" \
-	-cursor [. cget -cursor] \
-	-spacing1 1 -spacing3 1
-    lappend bglist $cflist
-    lappend fglist $cflist
-    scrollbar .bright.sb -command "$cflist yview"
-    pack .bright.sb -side right -fill y
-    pack $cflist -side left -fill both -expand 1
-    $cflist tag configure highlight \
-	-background [$cflist cget -selectbackground]
-    $cflist tag configure bold -font [concat $mainfont bold]
-
-    .pwbottom add .bright
-    .ctop add .pwbottom
-
-    # restore window position if known
-    if {[info exists geometry(main)]} {
-        wm geometry . "$geometry(main)"
-    }
-
-    bind .pwbottom <Configure> {resizecdetpanes %W %w}
-    pack .ctop -fill both -expand 1
-    bindall <1> {selcanvline %W %x %y}
-    #bindall <B1-Motion> {selcanvline %W %x %y}
-    bindall <ButtonRelease-4> "allcanvs yview scroll -5 units"
-    bindall <ButtonRelease-5> "allcanvs yview scroll 5 units"
-    bindall <2> "canvscan mark %W %x %y"
-    bindall <B2-Motion> "canvscan dragto %W %x %y"
-    bindkey <Home> selfirstline
-    bindkey <End> sellastline
-    bind . <Key-Up> "selnextline -1"
-    bind . <Key-Down> "selnextline 1"
-    bind . <Shift-Key-Up> "next_highlight -1"
-    bind . <Shift-Key-Down> "next_highlight 1"
-    bindkey <Key-Right> "goforw"
-    bindkey <Key-Left> "goback"
-    bind . <Key-Prior> "selnextpage -1"
-    bind . <Key-Next> "selnextpage 1"
-    bind . <Control-Home> "allcanvs yview moveto 0.0"
-    bind . <Control-End> "allcanvs yview moveto 1.0"
-    bind . <Control-Key-Up> "allcanvs yview scroll -1 units"
-    bind . <Control-Key-Down> "allcanvs yview scroll 1 units"
-    bind . <Control-Key-Prior> "allcanvs yview scroll -1 pages"
-    bind . <Control-Key-Next> "allcanvs yview scroll 1 pages"
-    bindkey <Key-Delete> "$ctext yview scroll -1 pages"
-    bindkey <Key-BackSpace> "$ctext yview scroll -1 pages"
-    bindkey <Key-space> "$ctext yview scroll 1 pages"
-    bindkey p "selnextline -1"
-    bindkey n "selnextline 1"
-    bindkey z "goback"
-    bindkey x "goforw"
-    bindkey i "selnextline -1"
-    bindkey k "selnextline 1"
-    bindkey j "goback"
-    bindkey l "goforw"
-    bindkey b "$ctext yview scroll -1 pages"
-    bindkey d "$ctext yview scroll 18 units"
-    bindkey u "$ctext yview scroll -18 units"
-    bindkey / {findnext 1}
-    bindkey <Key-Return> {findnext 0}
-    bindkey ? findprev
-    bindkey f nextfile
-    bindkey <F5> updatecommits
-    bind . <Control-q> doquit
-    bind . <Control-f> dofind
-    bind . <Control-g> {findnext 0}
-    bind . <Control-r> dosearchback
-    bind . <Control-s> dosearch
-    bind . <Control-equal> {incrfont 1}
-    bind . <Control-KP_Add> {incrfont 1}
-    bind . <Control-minus> {incrfont -1}
-    bind . <Control-KP_Subtract> {incrfont -1}
-    wm protocol . WM_DELETE_WINDOW doquit
-    bind . <Button-1> "click %W"
-    bind $fstring <Key-Return> dofind
-    bind $sha1entry <Key-Return> gotocommit
-    bind $sha1entry <<PasteSelection>> clearsha1
-    bind $cflist <1> {sel_flist %W %x %y; break}
-    bind $cflist <B1-Motion> {sel_flist %W %x %y; break}
-    bind $cflist <ButtonRelease-1> {treeclick %W %x %y}
-
-    set maincursor [. cget -cursor]
-    set textcursor [$ctext cget -cursor]
-    set curtextcursor $textcursor
-
-    set rowctxmenu .rowctxmenu
-    menu $rowctxmenu -tearoff 0
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Diff this -> selected" \
-	-command {diffvssel 0}
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Diff selected -> this" \
-	-command {diffvssel 1}
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Make patch" -command mkpatch
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Create tag" -command mktag
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Write commit to file" -command writecommit
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Create new branch" -command mkbranch
-    $rowctxmenu add command -label "Cherry-pick this commit" \
-	-command cherrypick
-
-    set headctxmenu .headctxmenu
-    menu $headctxmenu -tearoff 0
-    $headctxmenu add command -label "Check out this branch" \
-	-command cobranch
-    $headctxmenu add command -label "Remove this branch" \
-	-command rmbranch
-}
-
-# mouse-2 makes all windows scan vertically, but only the one
-# the cursor is in scans horizontally
-proc canvscan {op w x y} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3
-    foreach c [list $canv $canv2 $canv3] {
-	if {$c == $w} {
-	    $c scan $op $x $y
-	} else {
-	    $c scan $op 0 $y
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc scrollcanv {cscroll f0 f1} {
-    $cscroll set $f0 $f1
-    drawfrac $f0 $f1
-    flushhighlights
-}
-
-# when we make a key binding for the toplevel, make sure
-# it doesn't get triggered when that key is pressed in the
-# find string entry widget.
-proc bindkey {ev script} {
-    global entries
-    bind . $ev $script
-    set escript [bind Entry $ev]
-    if {$escript == {}} {
-	set escript [bind Entry <Key>]
-    }
-    foreach e $entries {
-	bind $e $ev "$escript; break"
-    }
-}
-
-# set the focus back to the toplevel for any click outside
-# the entry widgets
-proc click {w} {
-    global entries
-    foreach e $entries {
-	if {$w == $e} return
-    }
-    focus .
-}
-
-proc savestuff {w} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3 ctext cflist mainfont textfont uifont
-    global stuffsaved findmergefiles maxgraphpct
-    global maxwidth showneartags
-    global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewperm nextviewnum
-    global cmitmode wrapcomment
-    global colors bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors
-
-    if {$stuffsaved} return
-    if {![winfo viewable .]} return
-    catch {
-	set f [open "~/.gitk-new" w]
-	puts $f [list set mainfont $mainfont]
-	puts $f [list set textfont $textfont]
-	puts $f [list set uifont $uifont]
-	puts $f [list set findmergefiles $findmergefiles]
-	puts $f [list set maxgraphpct $maxgraphpct]
-	puts $f [list set maxwidth $maxwidth]
-	puts $f [list set cmitmode $cmitmode]
-	puts $f [list set wrapcomment $wrapcomment]
-	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
-	puts $f [list set bgcolor $bgcolor]
-	puts $f [list set fgcolor $fgcolor]
-	puts $f [list set colors $colors]
-	puts $f [list set diffcolors $diffcolors]
-
-	puts $f "set geometry(main) [wm geometry .]"
-	puts $f "set geometry(topwidth) [winfo width .tf]"
-	puts $f "set geometry(topheight) [winfo height .tf]"
-        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 0]\""
-        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 1]\""
-	puts $f "set geometry(botwidth) [winfo width .bleft]"
-	puts $f "set geometry(botheight) [winfo height .bleft]"
-
-	puts -nonewline $f "set permviews {"
-	for {set v 0} {$v < $nextviewnum} {incr v} {
-	    if {$viewperm($v)} {
-		puts $f "{[list $viewname($v) $viewfiles($v) $viewargs($v)]}"
-	    }
-	}
-	puts $f "}"
-	close $f
-	file rename -force "~/.gitk-new" "~/.gitk"
-    }
-    set stuffsaved 1
-}
-
-proc resizeclistpanes {win w} {
-    global oldwidth
-    if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
-	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
-	set s1 [$win sash coord 1]
-	if {$w < 60} {
-	    set sash0 [expr {int($w/2 - 2)}]
-	    set sash1 [expr {int($w*5/6 - 2)}]
-	} else {
-	    set factor [expr {1.0 * $w / $oldwidth($win)}]
-	    set sash0 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s0 0])}]
-	    set sash1 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s1 0])}]
-	    if {$sash0 < 30} {
-		set sash0 30
-	    }
-	    if {$sash1 < $sash0 + 20} {
-		set sash1 [expr {$sash0 + 20}]
-	    }
-	    if {$sash1 > $w - 10} {
-		set sash1 [expr {$w - 10}]
-		if {$sash0 > $sash1 - 20} {
-		    set sash0 [expr {$sash1 - 20}]
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
-	$win sash place 1 $sash1 [lindex $s1 1]
-    }
-    set oldwidth($win) $w
-}
-
-proc resizecdetpanes {win w} {
-    global oldwidth
-    if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
-	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
-	if {$w < 60} {
-	    set sash0 [expr {int($w*3/4 - 2)}]
-	} else {
-	    set factor [expr {1.0 * $w / $oldwidth($win)}]
-	    set sash0 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s0 0])}]
-	    if {$sash0 < 45} {
-		set sash0 45
-	    }
-	    if {$sash0 > $w - 15} {
-		set sash0 [expr {$w - 15}]
-	    }
-	}
-	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
-    }
-    set oldwidth($win) $w
-}
-
-proc allcanvs args {
-    global canv canv2 canv3
-    eval $canv $args
-    eval $canv2 $args
-    eval $canv3 $args
-}
-
-proc bindall {event action} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3
-    bind $canv $event $action
-    bind $canv2 $event $action
-    bind $canv3 $event $action
-}
-
-proc about {} {
-    set w .about
-    if {[winfo exists $w]} {
-	raise $w
-	return
-    }
-    toplevel $w
-    wm title $w "About gitk"
-    message $w.m -text {
-Gitk - a commit viewer for git
-
-Copyright © 2005-2006 Paul Mackerras
-
-Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License} \
-	    -justify center -aspect 400
-    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.ok -text Close -command "destroy $w"
-    pack $w.ok -side bottom
-}
-
-proc keys {} {
-    set w .keys
-    if {[winfo exists $w]} {
-	raise $w
-	return
-    }
-    toplevel $w
-    wm title $w "Gitk key bindings"
-    message $w.m -text {
-Gitk key bindings:
-
-<Ctrl-Q>		Quit
-<Home>		Move to first commit
-<End>		Move to last commit
-<Up>, p, i	Move up one commit
-<Down>, n, k	Move down one commit
-<Left>, z, j	Go back in history list
-<Right>, x, l	Go forward in history list
-<PageUp>	Move up one page in commit list
-<PageDown>	Move down one page in commit list
-<Ctrl-Home>	Scroll to top of commit list
-<Ctrl-End>	Scroll to bottom of commit list
-<Ctrl-Up>	Scroll commit list up one line
-<Ctrl-Down>	Scroll commit list down one line
-<Ctrl-PageUp>	Scroll commit list up one page
-<Ctrl-PageDown>	Scroll commit list down one page
-<Shift-Up>	Move to previous highlighted line
-<Shift-Down>	Move to next highlighted line
-<Delete>, b	Scroll diff view up one page
-<Backspace>	Scroll diff view up one page
-<Space>		Scroll diff view down one page
-u		Scroll diff view up 18 lines
-d		Scroll diff view down 18 lines
-<Ctrl-F>		Find
-<Ctrl-G>		Move to next find hit
-<Return>	Move to next find hit
-/		Move to next find hit, or redo find
-?		Move to previous find hit
-f		Scroll diff view to next file
-<Ctrl-S>		Search for next hit in diff view
-<Ctrl-R>		Search for previous hit in diff view
-<Ctrl-KP+>	Increase font size
-<Ctrl-plus>	Increase font size
-<Ctrl-KP->	Decrease font size
-<Ctrl-minus>	Decrease font size
-<F5>		Update
-} \
-	    -justify left -bg white -border 2 -relief sunken
-    pack $w.m -side top -fill both
-    button $w.ok -text Close -command "destroy $w"
-    pack $w.ok -side bottom
-}
-
-# Procedures for manipulating the file list window at the
-# bottom right of the overall window.
-
-proc treeview {w l openlevs} {
-    global treecontents treediropen treeheight treeparent treeindex
-
-    set ix 0
-    set treeindex() 0
-    set lev 0
-    set prefix {}
-    set prefixend -1
-    set prefendstack {}
-    set htstack {}
-    set ht 0
-    set treecontents() {}
-    $w conf -state normal
-    foreach f $l {
-	while {[string range $f 0 $prefixend] ne $prefix} {
-	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
-		$w mark set e:$treeindex($prefix) "end -1c"
-		$w mark gravity e:$treeindex($prefix) left
-	    }
-	    set treeheight($prefix) $ht
-	    incr ht [lindex $htstack end]
-	    set htstack [lreplace $htstack end end]
-	    set prefixend [lindex $prefendstack end]
-	    set prefendstack [lreplace $prefendstack end end]
-	    set prefix [string range $prefix 0 $prefixend]
-	    incr lev -1
-	}
-	set tail [string range $f [expr {$prefixend+1}] end]
-	while {[set slash [string first "/" $tail]] >= 0} {
-	    lappend htstack $ht
-	    set ht 0
-	    lappend prefendstack $prefixend
-	    incr prefixend [expr {$slash + 1}]
-	    set d [string range $tail 0 $slash]
-	    lappend treecontents($prefix) $d
-	    set oldprefix $prefix
-	    append prefix $d
-	    set treecontents($prefix) {}
-	    set treeindex($prefix) [incr ix]
-	    set treeparent($prefix) $oldprefix
-	    set tail [string range $tail [expr {$slash+1}] end]
-	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
-		set ht 1
-		set treediropen($prefix) [expr {$lev < $openlevs}]
-		set bm [expr {$lev == $openlevs? "tri-rt": "tri-dn"}]
-		$w mark set d:$ix "end -1c"
-		$w mark gravity d:$ix left
-		set str "\n"
-		for {set i 0} {$i < $lev} {incr i} {append str "\t"}
-		$w insert end $str
-		$w image create end -align center -image $bm -padx 1 \
-		    -name a:$ix
-		$w insert end $d [highlight_tag $prefix]
-		$w mark set s:$ix "end -1c"
-		$w mark gravity s:$ix left
-	    }
-	    incr lev
-	}
-	if {$tail ne {}} {
-	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
-		incr ht
-		set str "\n"
-		for {set i 0} {$i < $lev} {incr i} {append str "\t"}
-		$w insert end $str
-		$w insert end $tail [highlight_tag $f]
-	    }
-	    lappend treecontents($prefix) $tail
-	}
-    }
-    while {$htstack ne {}} {
-	set treeheight($prefix) $ht
-	incr ht [lindex $htstack end]
-	set htstack [lreplace $htstack end end]
-    }
-    $w conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc linetoelt {l} {
-    global treeheight treecontents
-
-    set y 2
-    set prefix {}
-    while {1} {
-	foreach e $treecontents($prefix) {
-	    if {$y == $l} {
-		return "$prefix$e"
-	    }
-	    set n 1
-	    if {[string index $e end] eq "/"} {
-		set n $treeheight($prefix$e)
-		if {$y + $n > $l} {
-		    append prefix $e
-		    incr y
-		    break
-		}
-	    }
-	    incr y $n
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc highlight_tree {y prefix} {
-    global treeheight treecontents cflist
-
-    foreach e $treecontents($prefix) {
-	set path $prefix$e
-	if {[highlight_tag $path] ne {}} {
-	    $cflist tag add bold $y.0 "$y.0 lineend"
-	}
-	incr y
-	if {[string index $e end] eq "/" && $treeheight($path) > 1} {
-	    set y [highlight_tree $y $path]
-	}
-    }
-    return $y
-}
-
-proc treeclosedir {w dir} {
-    global treediropen treeheight treeparent treeindex
-
-    set ix $treeindex($dir)
-    $w conf -state normal
-    $w delete s:$ix e:$ix
-    set treediropen($dir) 0
-    $w image configure a:$ix -image tri-rt
-    $w conf -state disabled
-    set n [expr {1 - $treeheight($dir)}]
-    while {$dir ne {}} {
-	incr treeheight($dir) $n
-	set dir $treeparent($dir)
-    }
-}
-
-proc treeopendir {w dir} {
-    global treediropen treeheight treeparent treecontents treeindex
-
-    set ix $treeindex($dir)
-    $w conf -state normal
-    $w image configure a:$ix -image tri-dn
-    $w mark set e:$ix s:$ix
-    $w mark gravity e:$ix right
-    set lev 0
-    set str "\n"
-    set n [llength $treecontents($dir)]
-    for {set x $dir} {$x ne {}} {set x $treeparent($x)} {
-	incr lev
-	append str "\t"
-	incr treeheight($x) $n
-    }
-    foreach e $treecontents($dir) {
-	set de $dir$e
-	if {[string index $e end] eq "/"} {
-	    set iy $treeindex($de)
-	    $w mark set d:$iy e:$ix
-	    $w mark gravity d:$iy left
-	    $w insert e:$ix $str
-	    set treediropen($de) 0
-	    $w image create e:$ix -align center -image tri-rt -padx 1 \
-		-name a:$iy
-	    $w insert e:$ix $e [highlight_tag $de]
-	    $w mark set s:$iy e:$ix
-	    $w mark gravity s:$iy left
-	    set treeheight($de) 1
-	} else {
-	    $w insert e:$ix $str
-	    $w insert e:$ix $e [highlight_tag $de]
-	}
-    }
-    $w mark gravity e:$ix left
-    $w conf -state disabled
-    set treediropen($dir) 1
-    set top [lindex [split [$w index @0,0] .] 0]
-    set ht [$w cget -height]
-    set l [lindex [split [$w index s:$ix] .] 0]
-    if {$l < $top} {
-	$w yview $l.0
-    } elseif {$l + $n + 1 > $top + $ht} {
-	set top [expr {$l + $n + 2 - $ht}]
-	if {$l < $top} {
-	    set top $l
-	}
-	$w yview $top.0
-    }
-}
-
-proc treeclick {w x y} {
-    global treediropen cmitmode ctext cflist cflist_top
-
-    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} return
-    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
-    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
-    $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
-    $cflist tag add highlight $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
-    set cflist_top $l
-    if {$l == 1} {
-	$ctext yview 1.0
-	return
-    }
-    set e [linetoelt $l]
-    if {[string index $e end] ne "/"} {
-	showfile $e
-    } elseif {$treediropen($e)} {
-	treeclosedir $w $e
-    } else {
-	treeopendir $w $e
-    }
-}
-
-proc setfilelist {id} {
-    global treefilelist cflist
-
-    treeview $cflist $treefilelist($id) 0
-}
-
-image create bitmap tri-rt -background black -foreground blue -data {
-    #define tri-rt_width 13
-    #define tri-rt_height 13
-    static unsigned char tri-rt_bits[] = {
-       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x00,
-       0xf0, 0x01, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
-       0x00, 0x00};
-} -maskdata {
-    #define tri-rt-mask_width 13
-    #define tri-rt-mask_height 13
-    static unsigned char tri-rt-mask_bits[] = {
-       0x08, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x01,
-       0xf8, 0x03, 0xf8, 0x01, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00,
-       0x08, 0x00};
-}
-image create bitmap tri-dn -background black -foreground blue -data {
-    #define tri-dn_width 13
-    #define tri-dn_height 13
-    static unsigned char tri-dn_bits[] = {
-       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x03,
-       0xf0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
-       0x00, 0x00};
-} -maskdata {
-    #define tri-dn-mask_width 13
-    #define tri-dn-mask_height 13
-    static unsigned char tri-dn-mask_bits[] = {
-       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x07,
-       0xf8, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
-       0x00, 0x00};
-}
-
-proc init_flist {first} {
-    global cflist cflist_top selectedline difffilestart
-
-    $cflist conf -state normal
-    $cflist delete 0.0 end
-    if {$first ne {}} {
-	$cflist insert end $first
-	set cflist_top 1
-	$cflist tag add highlight 1.0 "1.0 lineend"
-    } else {
-	catch {unset cflist_top}
-    }
-    $cflist conf -state disabled
-    set difffilestart {}
-}
-
-proc highlight_tag {f} {
-    global highlight_paths
-
-    foreach p $highlight_paths {
-	if {[string match $p $f]} {
-	    return "bold"
-	}
-    }
-    return {}
-}
-
-proc highlight_filelist {} {
-    global cmitmode cflist
-
-    $cflist conf -state normal
-    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} {
-	set end [lindex [split [$cflist index end] .] 0]
-	for {set l 2} {$l < $end} {incr l} {
-	    set line [$cflist get $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"]
-	    if {[highlight_tag $line] ne {}} {
-		$cflist tag add bold $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
-	    }
-	}
-    } else {
-	highlight_tree 2 {}
-    }
-    $cflist conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc unhighlight_filelist {} {
-    global cflist
-
-    $cflist conf -state normal
-    $cflist tag remove bold 1.0 end
-    $cflist conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc add_flist {fl} {
-    global cflist
-
-    $cflist conf -state normal
-    foreach f $fl {
-	$cflist insert end "\n"
-	$cflist insert end $f [highlight_tag $f]
-    }
-    $cflist conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc sel_flist {w x y} {
-    global ctext difffilestart cflist cflist_top cmitmode
-
-    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
-    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
-    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
-    $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
-    $cflist tag add highlight $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
-    set cflist_top $l
-    if {$l == 1} {
-	$ctext yview 1.0
-    } else {
-	catch {$ctext yview [lindex $difffilestart [expr {$l - 2}]]}
-    }
-}
-
-# Functions for adding and removing shell-type quoting
-
-proc shellquote {str} {
-    if {![string match "*\['\"\\ \t]*" $str]} {
-	return $str
-    }
-    if {![string match "*\['\"\\]*" $str]} {
-	return "\"$str\""
-    }
-    if {![string match "*'*" $str]} {
-	return "'$str'"
-    }
-    return "\"[string map {\" \\\" \\ \\\\} $str]\""
-}
-
-proc shellarglist {l} {
-    set str {}
-    foreach a $l {
-	if {$str ne {}} {
-	    append str " "
-	}
-	append str [shellquote $a]
-    }
-    return $str
-}
-
-proc shelldequote {str} {
-    set ret {}
-    set used -1
-    while {1} {
-	incr used
-	if {![regexp -start $used -indices "\['\"\\\\ \t]" $str first]} {
-	    append ret [string range $str $used end]
-	    set used [string length $str]
-	    break
-	}
-	set first [lindex $first 0]
-	set ch [string index $str $first]
-	if {$first > $used} {
-	    append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
-	    set used $first
-	}
-	if {$ch eq " " || $ch eq "\t"} break
-	incr used
-	if {$ch eq "'"} {
-	    set first [string first "'" $str $used]
-	    if {$first < 0} {
-		error "unmatched single-quote"
-	    }
-	    append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
-	    set used $first
-	    continue
-	}
-	if {$ch eq "\\"} {
-	    if {$used >= [string length $str]} {
-		error "trailing backslash"
-	    }
-	    append ret [string index $str $used]
-	    continue
-	}
-	# here ch == "\""
-	while {1} {
-	    if {![regexp -start $used -indices "\[\"\\\\]" $str first]} {
-		error "unmatched double-quote"
-	    }
-	    set first [lindex $first 0]
-	    set ch [string index $str $first]
-	    if {$first > $used} {
-		append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
-		set used $first
-	    }
-	    if {$ch eq "\""} break
-	    incr used
-	    append ret [string index $str $used]
-	    incr used
-	}
-    }
-    return [list $used $ret]
-}
-
-proc shellsplit {str} {
-    set l {}
-    while {1} {
-	set str [string trimleft $str]
-	if {$str eq {}} break
-	set dq [shelldequote $str]
-	set n [lindex $dq 0]
-	set word [lindex $dq 1]
-	set str [string range $str $n end]
-	lappend l $word
-    }
-    return $l
-}
-
-# Code to implement multiple views
-
-proc newview {ishighlight} {
-    global nextviewnum newviewname newviewperm uifont newishighlight
-    global newviewargs revtreeargs
-
-    set newishighlight $ishighlight
-    set top .gitkview
-    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
-	raise $top
-	return
-    }
-    set newviewname($nextviewnum) "View $nextviewnum"
-    set newviewperm($nextviewnum) 0
-    set newviewargs($nextviewnum) [shellarglist $revtreeargs]
-    vieweditor $top $nextviewnum "Gitk view definition"
-}
-
-proc editview {} {
-    global curview
-    global viewname viewperm newviewname newviewperm
-    global viewargs newviewargs
-
-    set top .gitkvedit-$curview
-    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
-	raise $top
-	return
-    }
-    set newviewname($curview) $viewname($curview)
-    set newviewperm($curview) $viewperm($curview)
-    set newviewargs($curview) [shellarglist $viewargs($curview)]
-    vieweditor $top $curview "Gitk: edit view $viewname($curview)"
-}
-
-proc vieweditor {top n title} {
-    global newviewname newviewperm viewfiles
-    global uifont
-
-    toplevel $top
-    wm title $top $title
-    label $top.nl -text "Name" -font $uifont
-    entry $top.name -width 20 -textvariable newviewname($n)
-    grid $top.nl $top.name -sticky w -pady 5
-    checkbutton $top.perm -text "Remember this view" -variable newviewperm($n)
-    grid $top.perm - -pady 5 -sticky w
-    message $top.al -aspect 1000 -font $uifont \
-	-text "Commits to include (arguments to git rev-list):"
-    grid $top.al - -sticky w -pady 5
-    entry $top.args -width 50 -textvariable newviewargs($n) \
-	-background white
-    grid $top.args - -sticky ew -padx 5
-    message $top.l -aspect 1000 -font $uifont \
-	-text "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
-    grid $top.l - -sticky w
-    text $top.t -width 40 -height 10 -background white
-    if {[info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
-	foreach f $viewfiles($n) {
-	    $top.t insert end $f
-	    $top.t insert end "\n"
-	}
-	$top.t delete {end - 1c} end
-	$top.t mark set insert 0.0
-    }
-    grid $top.t - -sticky ew -padx 5
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.ok -text "OK" -command [list newviewok $top $n]
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command [list destroy $top]
-    grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-    focus $top.t
-}
-
-proc doviewmenu {m first cmd op argv} {
-    set nmenu [$m index end]
-    for {set i $first} {$i <= $nmenu} {incr i} {
-	if {[$m entrycget $i -command] eq $cmd} {
-	    eval $m $op $i $argv
-	    break
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc allviewmenus {n op args} {
-    global viewhlmenu
-
-    doviewmenu .bar.view 5 [list showview $n] $op $args
-    doviewmenu $viewhlmenu 1 [list addvhighlight $n] $op $args
-}
-
-proc newviewok {top n} {
-    global nextviewnum newviewperm newviewname newishighlight
-    global viewname viewfiles viewperm selectedview curview
-    global viewargs newviewargs viewhlmenu
-
-    if {[catch {
-	set newargs [shellsplit $newviewargs($n)]
-    } err]} {
-	error_popup "Error in commit selection arguments: $err"
-	wm raise $top
-	focus $top
-	return
-    }
-    set files {}
-    foreach f [split [$top.t get 0.0 end] "\n"] {
-	set ft [string trim $f]
-	if {$ft ne {}} {
-	    lappend files $ft
-	}
-    }
-    if {![info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
-	# creating a new view
-	incr nextviewnum
-	set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
-	set viewperm($n) $newviewperm($n)
-	set viewfiles($n) $files
-	set viewargs($n) $newargs
-	addviewmenu $n
-	if {!$newishighlight} {
-	    after idle showview $n
-	} else {
-	    after idle addvhighlight $n
-	}
-    } else {
-	# editing an existing view
-	set viewperm($n) $newviewperm($n)
-	if {$newviewname($n) ne $viewname($n)} {
-	    set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
-	    doviewmenu .bar.view 5 [list showview $n] \
-		entryconf [list -label $viewname($n)]
-	    doviewmenu $viewhlmenu 1 [list addvhighlight $n] \
-		entryconf [list -label $viewname($n) -value $viewname($n)]
-	}
-	if {$files ne $viewfiles($n) || $newargs ne $viewargs($n)} {
-	    set viewfiles($n) $files
-	    set viewargs($n) $newargs
-	    if {$curview == $n} {
-		after idle updatecommits
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    catch {destroy $top}
-}
-
-proc delview {} {
-    global curview viewdata viewperm hlview selectedhlview
-
-    if {$curview == 0} return
-    if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $curview} {
-	set selectedhlview None
-	unset hlview
-    }
-    allviewmenus $curview delete
-    set viewdata($curview) {}
-    set viewperm($curview) 0
-    showview 0
-}
-
-proc addviewmenu {n} {
-    global viewname viewhlmenu
-
-    .bar.view add radiobutton -label $viewname($n) \
-	-command [list showview $n] -variable selectedview -value $n
-    $viewhlmenu add radiobutton -label $viewname($n) \
-	-command [list addvhighlight $n] -variable selectedhlview
-}
-
-proc flatten {var} {
-    global $var
-
-    set ret {}
-    foreach i [array names $var] {
-	lappend ret $i [set $var\($i\)]
-    }
-    return $ret
-}
-
-proc unflatten {var l} {
-    global $var
-
-    catch {unset $var}
-    foreach {i v} $l {
-	set $var\($i\) $v
-    }
-}
-
-proc showview {n} {
-    global curview viewdata viewfiles
-    global displayorder parentlist childlist rowidlist rowoffsets
-    global colormap rowtextx commitrow nextcolor canvxmax
-    global numcommits rowrangelist commitlisted idrowranges
-    global selectedline currentid canv canvy0
-    global matchinglines treediffs
-    global pending_select phase
-    global commitidx rowlaidout rowoptim linesegends
-    global commfd nextupdate
-    global selectedview
-    global vparentlist vchildlist vdisporder vcmitlisted
-    global hlview selectedhlview
-
-    if {$n == $curview} return
-    set selid {}
-    if {[info exists selectedline]} {
-	set selid $currentid
-	set y [yc $selectedline]
-	set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-	set span [$canv yview]
-	set ytop [expr {[lindex $span 0] * $ymax}]
-	set ybot [expr {[lindex $span 1] * $ymax}]
-	if {$ytop < $y && $y < $ybot} {
-	    set yscreen [expr {$y - $ytop}]
-	} else {
-	    set yscreen [expr {($ybot - $ytop) / 2}]
-	}
-    }
-    unselectline
-    normalline
-    stopfindproc
-    if {$curview >= 0} {
-	set vparentlist($curview) $parentlist
-	set vchildlist($curview) $childlist
-	set vdisporder($curview) $displayorder
-	set vcmitlisted($curview) $commitlisted
-	if {$phase ne {}} {
-	    set viewdata($curview) \
-		[list $phase $rowidlist $rowoffsets $rowrangelist \
-		     [flatten idrowranges] [flatten idinlist] \
-		     $rowlaidout $rowoptim $numcommits $linesegends]
-	} elseif {![info exists viewdata($curview)]
-		  || [lindex $viewdata($curview) 0] ne {}} {
-	    set viewdata($curview) \
-		[list {} $rowidlist $rowoffsets $rowrangelist]
-	}
-    }
-    catch {unset matchinglines}
-    catch {unset treediffs}
-    clear_display
-    if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $n} {
-	unset hlview
-	set selectedhlview None
-    }
-
-    set curview $n
-    set selectedview $n
-    .bar.view entryconf Edit* -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
-    .bar.view entryconf Delete* -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
-
-    if {![info exists viewdata($n)]} {
-	set pending_select $selid
-	getcommits
-	return
-    }
-
-    set v $viewdata($n)
-    set phase [lindex $v 0]
-    set displayorder $vdisporder($n)
-    set parentlist $vparentlist($n)
-    set childlist $vchildlist($n)
-    set commitlisted $vcmitlisted($n)
-    set rowidlist [lindex $v 1]
-    set rowoffsets [lindex $v 2]
-    set rowrangelist [lindex $v 3]
-    if {$phase eq {}} {
-	set numcommits [llength $displayorder]
-	catch {unset idrowranges}
-    } else {
-	unflatten idrowranges [lindex $v 4]
-	unflatten idinlist [lindex $v 5]
-	set rowlaidout [lindex $v 6]
-	set rowoptim [lindex $v 7]
-	set numcommits [lindex $v 8]
-	set linesegends [lindex $v 9]
-    }
-
-    catch {unset colormap}
-    catch {unset rowtextx}
-    set nextcolor 0
-    set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
-    set curview $n
-    set row 0
-    setcanvscroll
-    set yf 0
-    set row 0
-    if {$selid ne {} && [info exists commitrow($n,$selid)]} {
-	set row $commitrow($n,$selid)
-	# try to get the selected row in the same position on the screen
-	set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-	set ytop [expr {[yc $row] - $yscreen}]
-	if {$ytop < 0} {
-	    set ytop 0
-	}
-	set yf [expr {$ytop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
-    }
-    allcanvs yview moveto $yf
-    drawvisible
-    selectline $row 0
-    if {$phase ne {}} {
-	if {$phase eq "getcommits"} {
-	    show_status "Reading commits..."
-	}
-	if {[info exists commfd($n)]} {
-	    layoutmore {}
-	} else {
-	    finishcommits
-	}
-    } elseif {$numcommits == 0} {
-	show_status "No commits selected"
-    }
-}
-
-# Stuff relating to the highlighting facility
-
-proc ishighlighted {row} {
-    global vhighlights fhighlights nhighlights rhighlights
-
-    if {[info exists nhighlights($row)] && $nhighlights($row) > 0} {
-	return $nhighlights($row)
-    }
-    if {[info exists vhighlights($row)] && $vhighlights($row) > 0} {
-	return $vhighlights($row)
-    }
-    if {[info exists fhighlights($row)] && $fhighlights($row) > 0} {
-	return $fhighlights($row)
-    }
-    if {[info exists rhighlights($row)] && $rhighlights($row) > 0} {
-	return $rhighlights($row)
-    }
-    return 0
-}
-
-proc bolden {row font} {
-    global canv linehtag selectedline boldrows
-
-    lappend boldrows $row
-    $canv itemconf $linehtag($row) -font $font
-    if {[info exists selectedline] && $row == $selectedline} {
-	$canv delete secsel
-	set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($row)] \
-		   -outline {{}} -tags secsel \
-		   -fill [$canv cget -selectbackground]]
-	$canv lower $t
-    }
-}
-
-proc bolden_name {row font} {
-    global canv2 linentag selectedline boldnamerows
-
-    lappend boldnamerows $row
-    $canv2 itemconf $linentag($row) -font $font
-    if {[info exists selectedline] && $row == $selectedline} {
-	$canv2 delete secsel
-	set t [eval $canv2 create rect [$canv2 bbox $linentag($row)] \
-		   -outline {{}} -tags secsel \
-		   -fill [$canv2 cget -selectbackground]]
-	$canv2 lower $t
-    }
-}
-
-proc unbolden {} {
-    global mainfont boldrows
-
-    set stillbold {}
-    foreach row $boldrows {
-	if {![ishighlighted $row]} {
-	    bolden $row $mainfont
-	} else {
-	    lappend stillbold $row
-	}
-    }
-    set boldrows $stillbold
-}
-
-proc addvhighlight {n} {
-    global hlview curview viewdata vhl_done vhighlights commitidx
-
-    if {[info exists hlview]} {
-	delvhighlight
-    }
-    set hlview $n
-    if {$n != $curview && ![info exists viewdata($n)]} {
-	set viewdata($n) [list getcommits {{}} {{}} {} {} {} 0 0 0 {}]
-	set vparentlist($n) {}
-	set vchildlist($n) {}
-	set vdisporder($n) {}
-	set vcmitlisted($n) {}
-	start_rev_list $n
-    }
-    set vhl_done $commitidx($hlview)
-    if {$vhl_done > 0} {
-	drawvisible
-    }
-}
-
-proc delvhighlight {} {
-    global hlview vhighlights
-
-    if {![info exists hlview]} return
-    unset hlview
-    catch {unset vhighlights}
-    unbolden
-}
-
-proc vhighlightmore {} {
-    global hlview vhl_done commitidx vhighlights
-    global displayorder vdisporder curview mainfont
-
-    set font [concat $mainfont bold]
-    set max $commitidx($hlview)
-    if {$hlview == $curview} {
-	set disp $displayorder
-    } else {
-	set disp $vdisporder($hlview)
-    }
-    set vr [visiblerows]
-    set r0 [lindex $vr 0]
-    set r1 [lindex $vr 1]
-    for {set i $vhl_done} {$i < $max} {incr i} {
-	set id [lindex $disp $i]
-	if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-	    set row $commitrow($curview,$id)
-	    if {$r0 <= $row && $row <= $r1} {
-		if {![highlighted $row]} {
-		    bolden $row $font
-		}
-		set vhighlights($row) 1
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    set vhl_done $max
-}
-
-proc askvhighlight {row id} {
-    global hlview vhighlights commitrow iddrawn mainfont
-
-    if {[info exists commitrow($hlview,$id)]} {
-	if {[info exists iddrawn($id)] && ![ishighlighted $row]} {
-	    bolden $row [concat $mainfont bold]
-	}
-	set vhighlights($row) 1
-    } else {
-	set vhighlights($row) 0
-    }
-}
-
-proc hfiles_change {name ix op} {
-    global highlight_files filehighlight fhighlights fh_serial
-    global mainfont highlight_paths
-
-    if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
-	# delete previous highlights
-	catch {close $filehighlight}
-	unset filehighlight
-	catch {unset fhighlights}
-	unbolden
-	unhighlight_filelist
-    }
-    set highlight_paths {}
-    after cancel do_file_hl $fh_serial
-    incr fh_serial
-    if {$highlight_files ne {}} {
-	after 300 do_file_hl $fh_serial
-    }
-}
-
-proc makepatterns {l} {
-    set ret {}
-    foreach e $l {
-	set ee [string map {"*" "\\*" "?" "\\?" "\[" "\\\[" "\\" "\\\\"} $e]
-	if {[string index $ee end] eq "/"} {
-	    lappend ret "$ee*"
-	} else {
-	    lappend ret $ee
-	    lappend ret "$ee/*"
-	}
-    }
-    return $ret
-}
-
-proc do_file_hl {serial} {
-    global highlight_files filehighlight highlight_paths gdttype fhl_list
-
-    if {$gdttype eq "touching paths:"} {
-	if {[catch {set paths [shellsplit $highlight_files]}]} return
-	set highlight_paths [makepatterns $paths]
-	highlight_filelist
-	set gdtargs [concat -- $paths]
-    } else {
-	set gdtargs [list "-S$highlight_files"]
-    }
-    set cmd [concat | git diff-tree -r -s --stdin $gdtargs]
-    set filehighlight [open $cmd r+]
-    fconfigure $filehighlight -blocking 0
-    fileevent $filehighlight readable readfhighlight
-    set fhl_list {}
-    drawvisible
-    flushhighlights
-}
-
-proc flushhighlights {} {
-    global filehighlight fhl_list
-
-    if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
-	lappend fhl_list {}
-	puts $filehighlight ""
-	flush $filehighlight
-    }
-}
-
-proc askfilehighlight {row id} {
-    global filehighlight fhighlights fhl_list
-
-    lappend fhl_list $id
-    set fhighlights($row) -1
-    puts $filehighlight $id
-}
-
-proc readfhighlight {} {
-    global filehighlight fhighlights commitrow curview mainfont iddrawn
-    global fhl_list
-
-    while {[gets $filehighlight line] >= 0} {
-	set line [string trim $line]
-	set i [lsearch -exact $fhl_list $line]
-	if {$i < 0} continue
-	for {set j 0} {$j < $i} {incr j} {
-	    set id [lindex $fhl_list $j]
-	    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-		set fhighlights($commitrow($curview,$id)) 0
-	    }
-	}
-	set fhl_list [lrange $fhl_list [expr {$i+1}] end]
-	if {$line eq {}} continue
-	if {![info exists commitrow($curview,$line)]} continue
-	set row $commitrow($curview,$line)
-	if {[info exists iddrawn($line)] && ![ishighlighted $row]} {
-	    bolden $row [concat $mainfont bold]
-	}
-	set fhighlights($row) 1
-    }
-    if {[eof $filehighlight]} {
-	# strange...
-	puts "oops, git diff-tree died"
-	catch {close $filehighlight}
-	unset filehighlight
-    }
-    next_hlcont
-}
-
-proc find_change {name ix op} {
-    global nhighlights mainfont boldnamerows
-    global findstring findpattern findtype
-
-    # delete previous highlights, if any
-    foreach row $boldnamerows {
-	bolden_name $row $mainfont
-    }
-    set boldnamerows {}
-    catch {unset nhighlights}
-    unbolden
-    if {$findtype ne "Regexp"} {
-	set e [string map {"*" "\\*" "?" "\\?" "\[" "\\\[" "\\" "\\\\"} \
-		   $findstring]
-	set findpattern "*$e*"
-    }
-    drawvisible
-}
-
-proc askfindhighlight {row id} {
-    global nhighlights commitinfo iddrawn mainfont
-    global findstring findtype findloc findpattern
-
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
-	getcommit $id
-    }
-    set info $commitinfo($id)
-    set isbold 0
-    set fldtypes {Headline Author Date Committer CDate Comments}
-    foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
-	if {$findloc ne "All fields" && $findloc ne $ty} {
-	    continue
-	}
-	if {$findtype eq "Regexp"} {
-	    set doesmatch [regexp $findstring $f]
-	} elseif {$findtype eq "IgnCase"} {
-	    set doesmatch [string match -nocase $findpattern $f]
-	} else {
-	    set doesmatch [string match $findpattern $f]
-	}
-	if {$doesmatch} {
-	    if {$ty eq "Author"} {
-		set isbold 2
-	    } else {
-		set isbold 1
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    if {[info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
-	if {$isbold && ![ishighlighted $row]} {
-	    bolden $row [concat $mainfont bold]
-	}
-	if {$isbold >= 2} {
-	    bolden_name $row [concat $mainfont bold]
-	}
-    }
-    set nhighlights($row) $isbold
-}
-
-proc vrel_change {name ix op} {
-    global highlight_related
-
-    rhighlight_none
-    if {$highlight_related ne "None"} {
-	after idle drawvisible
-    }
-}
-
-# prepare for testing whether commits are descendents or ancestors of a
-proc rhighlight_sel {a} {
-    global descendent desc_todo ancestor anc_todo
-    global highlight_related rhighlights
-
-    catch {unset descendent}
-    set desc_todo [list $a]
-    catch {unset ancestor}
-    set anc_todo [list $a]
-    if {$highlight_related ne "None"} {
-	rhighlight_none
-	after idle drawvisible
-    }
-}
-
-proc rhighlight_none {} {
-    global rhighlights
-
-    catch {unset rhighlights}
-    unbolden
-}
-
-proc is_descendent {a} {
-    global curview children commitrow descendent desc_todo
-
-    set v $curview
-    set la $commitrow($v,$a)
-    set todo $desc_todo
-    set leftover {}
-    set done 0
-    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
-	set do [lindex $todo $i]
-	if {$commitrow($v,$do) < $la} {
-	    lappend leftover $do
-	    continue
-	}
-	foreach nk $children($v,$do) {
-	    if {![info exists descendent($nk)]} {
-		set descendent($nk) 1
-		lappend todo $nk
-		if {$nk eq $a} {
-		    set done 1
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	if {$done} {
-	    set desc_todo [concat $leftover [lrange $todo [expr {$i+1}] end]]
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    set descendent($a) 0
-    set desc_todo $leftover
-}
-
-proc is_ancestor {a} {
-    global curview parentlist commitrow ancestor anc_todo
-
-    set v $curview
-    set la $commitrow($v,$a)
-    set todo $anc_todo
-    set leftover {}
-    set done 0
-    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
-	set do [lindex $todo $i]
-	if {![info exists commitrow($v,$do)] || $commitrow($v,$do) > $la} {
-	    lappend leftover $do
-	    continue
-	}
-	foreach np [lindex $parentlist $commitrow($v,$do)] {
-	    if {![info exists ancestor($np)]} {
-		set ancestor($np) 1
-		lappend todo $np
-		if {$np eq $a} {
-		    set done 1
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	if {$done} {
-	    set anc_todo [concat $leftover [lrange $todo [expr {$i+1}] end]]
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    set ancestor($a) 0
-    set anc_todo $leftover
-}
-
-proc askrelhighlight {row id} {
-    global descendent highlight_related iddrawn mainfont rhighlights
-    global selectedline ancestor
-
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    set isbold 0
-    if {$highlight_related eq "Descendent" ||
-	$highlight_related eq "Not descendent"} {
-	if {![info exists descendent($id)]} {
-	    is_descendent $id
-	}
-	if {$descendent($id) == ($highlight_related eq "Descendent")} {
-	    set isbold 1
-	}
-    } elseif {$highlight_related eq "Ancestor" ||
-	      $highlight_related eq "Not ancestor"} {
-	if {![info exists ancestor($id)]} {
-	    is_ancestor $id
-	}
-	if {$ancestor($id) == ($highlight_related eq "Ancestor")} {
-	    set isbold 1
-	}
-    }
-    if {[info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
-	if {$isbold && ![ishighlighted $row]} {
-	    bolden $row [concat $mainfont bold]
-	}
-    }
-    set rhighlights($row) $isbold
-}
-
-proc next_hlcont {} {
-    global fhl_row fhl_dirn displayorder numcommits
-    global vhighlights fhighlights nhighlights rhighlights
-    global hlview filehighlight findstring highlight_related
-
-    if {![info exists fhl_dirn] || $fhl_dirn == 0} return
-    set row $fhl_row
-    while {1} {
-	if {$row < 0 || $row >= $numcommits} {
-	    bell
-	    set fhl_dirn 0
-	    return
-	}
-	set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
-	if {[info exists hlview]} {
-	    if {![info exists vhighlights($row)]} {
-		askvhighlight $row $id
-	    }
-	    if {$vhighlights($row) > 0} break
-	}
-	if {$findstring ne {}} {
-	    if {![info exists nhighlights($row)]} {
-		askfindhighlight $row $id
-	    }
-	    if {$nhighlights($row) > 0} break
-	}
-	if {$highlight_related ne "None"} {
-	    if {![info exists rhighlights($row)]} {
-		askrelhighlight $row $id
-	    }
-	    if {$rhighlights($row) > 0} break
-	}
-	if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
-	    if {![info exists fhighlights($row)]} {
-		# ask for a few more while we're at it...
-		set r $row
-		for {set n 0} {$n < 100} {incr n} {
-		    if {![info exists fhighlights($r)]} {
-			askfilehighlight $r [lindex $displayorder $r]
-		    }
-		    incr r $fhl_dirn
-		    if {$r < 0 || $r >= $numcommits} break
-		}
-		flushhighlights
-	    }
-	    if {$fhighlights($row) < 0} {
-		set fhl_row $row
-		return
-	    }
-	    if {$fhighlights($row) > 0} break
-	}
-	incr row $fhl_dirn
-    }
-    set fhl_dirn 0
-    selectline $row 1
-}
-
-proc next_highlight {dirn} {
-    global selectedline fhl_row fhl_dirn
-    global hlview filehighlight findstring highlight_related
-
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    if {!([info exists hlview] || $findstring ne {} ||
-	  $highlight_related ne "None" || [info exists filehighlight])} return
-    set fhl_row [expr {$selectedline + $dirn}]
-    set fhl_dirn $dirn
-    next_hlcont
-}
-
-proc cancel_next_highlight {} {
-    global fhl_dirn
-
-    set fhl_dirn 0
-}
-
-# Graph layout functions
-
-proc shortids {ids} {
-    set res {}
-    foreach id $ids {
-	if {[llength $id] > 1} {
-	    lappend res [shortids $id]
-	} elseif {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{40}$} $id]} {
-	    lappend res [string range $id 0 7]
-	} else {
-	    lappend res $id
-	}
-    }
-    return $res
-}
-
-proc incrange {l x o} {
-    set n [llength $l]
-    while {$x < $n} {
-	set e [lindex $l $x]
-	if {$e ne {}} {
-	    lset l $x [expr {$e + $o}]
-	}
-	incr x
-    }
-    return $l
-}
-
-proc ntimes {n o} {
-    set ret {}
-    for {} {$n > 0} {incr n -1} {
-	lappend ret $o
-    }
-    return $ret
-}
-
-proc usedinrange {id l1 l2} {
-    global children commitrow childlist curview
-
-    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-	set r $commitrow($curview,$id)
-	if {$l1 <= $r && $r <= $l2} {
-	    return [expr {$r - $l1 + 1}]
-	}
-	set kids [lindex $childlist $r]
-    } else {
-	set kids $children($curview,$id)
-    }
-    foreach c $kids {
-	set r $commitrow($curview,$c)
-	if {$l1 <= $r && $r <= $l2} {
-	    return [expr {$r - $l1 + 1}]
-	}
-    }
-    return 0
-}
-
-proc sanity {row {full 0}} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets
-
-    set col -1
-    set ids [lindex $rowidlist $row]
-    foreach id $ids {
-	incr col
-	if {$id eq {}} continue
-	if {$col < [llength $ids] - 1 &&
-	    [lsearch -exact -start [expr {$col+1}] $ids $id] >= 0} {
-	    puts "oops: [shortids $id] repeated in row $row col $col: {[shortids [lindex $rowidlist $row]]}"
-	}
-	set o [lindex $rowoffsets $row $col]
-	set y $row
-	set x $col
-	while {$o ne {}} {
-	    incr y -1
-	    incr x $o
-	    if {[lindex $rowidlist $y $x] != $id} {
-		puts "oops: rowoffsets wrong at row [expr {$y+1}] col [expr {$x-$o}]"
-		puts "  id=[shortids $id] check started at row $row"
-		for {set i $row} {$i >= $y} {incr i -1} {
-		    puts "  row $i ids={[shortids [lindex $rowidlist $i]]} offs={[lindex $rowoffsets $i]}"
-		}
-		break
-	    }
-	    if {!$full} break
-	    set o [lindex $rowoffsets $y $x]
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc makeuparrow {oid x y z} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets uparrowlen idrowranges
-
-    for {set i 1} {$i < $uparrowlen && $y > 1} {incr i} {
-	incr y -1
-	incr x $z
-	set off0 [lindex $rowoffsets $y]
-	for {set x0 $x} {1} {incr x0} {
-	    if {$x0 >= [llength $off0]} {
-		set x0 [llength [lindex $rowoffsets [expr {$y-1}]]]
-		break
-	    }
-	    set z [lindex $off0 $x0]
-	    if {$z ne {}} {
-		incr x0 $z
-		break
-	    }
-	}
-	set z [expr {$x0 - $x}]
-	lset rowidlist $y [linsert [lindex $rowidlist $y] $x $oid]
-	lset rowoffsets $y [linsert [lindex $rowoffsets $y] $x $z]
-    }
-    set tmp [lreplace [lindex $rowoffsets $y] $x $x {}]
-    lset rowoffsets $y [incrange $tmp [expr {$x+1}] -1]
-    lappend idrowranges($oid) $y
-}
-
-proc initlayout {} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets displayorder commitlisted
-    global rowlaidout rowoptim
-    global idinlist rowchk rowrangelist idrowranges
-    global numcommits canvxmax canv
-    global nextcolor
-    global parentlist childlist children
-    global colormap rowtextx
-    global linesegends
-
-    set numcommits 0
-    set displayorder {}
-    set commitlisted {}
-    set parentlist {}
-    set childlist {}
-    set rowrangelist {}
-    set nextcolor 0
-    set rowidlist {{}}
-    set rowoffsets {{}}
-    catch {unset idinlist}
-    catch {unset rowchk}
-    set rowlaidout 0
-    set rowoptim 0
-    set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
-    catch {unset colormap}
-    catch {unset rowtextx}
-    catch {unset idrowranges}
-    set linesegends {}
-}
-
-proc setcanvscroll {} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3 numcommits linespc canvxmax canvy0
-
-    set ymax [expr {$canvy0 + ($numcommits - 0.5) * $linespc + 2}]
-    $canv conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 $canvxmax $ymax]
-    $canv2 conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 0 $ymax]
-    $canv3 conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 0 $ymax]
-}
-
-proc visiblerows {} {
-    global canv numcommits linespc
-
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0} return
-    set f [$canv yview]
-    set y0 [expr {int([lindex $f 0] * $ymax)}]
-    set r0 [expr {int(($y0 - 3) / $linespc) - 1}]
-    if {$r0 < 0} {
-	set r0 0
-    }
-    set y1 [expr {int([lindex $f 1] * $ymax)}]
-    set r1 [expr {int(($y1 - 3) / $linespc) + 1}]
-    if {$r1 >= $numcommits} {
-	set r1 [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
-    }
-    return [list $r0 $r1]
-}
-
-proc layoutmore {tmax} {
-    global rowlaidout rowoptim commitidx numcommits optim_delay
-    global uparrowlen curview
-
-    while {1} {
-	if {$rowoptim - $optim_delay > $numcommits} {
-	    showstuff [expr {$rowoptim - $optim_delay}]
-	} elseif {$rowlaidout - $uparrowlen - 1 > $rowoptim} {
-	    set nr [expr {$rowlaidout - $uparrowlen - 1 - $rowoptim}]
-	    if {$nr > 100} {
-		set nr 100
-	    }
-	    optimize_rows $rowoptim 0 [expr {$rowoptim + $nr}]
-	    incr rowoptim $nr
-	} elseif {$commitidx($curview) > $rowlaidout} {
-	    set nr [expr {$commitidx($curview) - $rowlaidout}]
-	    # may need to increase this threshold if uparrowlen or
-	    # mingaplen are increased...
-	    if {$nr > 150} {
-		set nr 150
-	    }
-	    set row $rowlaidout
-	    set rowlaidout [layoutrows $row [expr {$row + $nr}] 0]
-	    if {$rowlaidout == $row} {
-		return 0
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    return 0
-	}
-	if {$tmax ne {} && [clock clicks -milliseconds] >= $tmax} {
-	    return 1
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc showstuff {canshow} {
-    global numcommits commitrow pending_select selectedline
-    global linesegends idrowranges idrangedrawn curview
-
-    if {$numcommits == 0} {
-	global phase
-	set phase "incrdraw"
-	allcanvs delete all
-    }
-    set row $numcommits
-    set numcommits $canshow
-    setcanvscroll
-    set rows [visiblerows]
-    set r0 [lindex $rows 0]
-    set r1 [lindex $rows 1]
-    set selrow -1
-    for {set r $row} {$r < $canshow} {incr r} {
-	foreach id [lindex $linesegends [expr {$r+1}]] {
-	    set i -1
-	    foreach {s e} [rowranges $id] {
-		incr i
-		if {$e ne {} && $e < $numcommits && $s <= $r1 && $e >= $r0
-		    && ![info exists idrangedrawn($id,$i)]} {
-		    drawlineseg $id $i
-		    set idrangedrawn($id,$i) 1
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    if {$canshow > $r1} {
-	set canshow $r1
-    }
-    while {$row < $canshow} {
-	drawcmitrow $row
-	incr row
-    }
-    if {[info exists pending_select] &&
-	[info exists commitrow($curview,$pending_select)] &&
-	$commitrow($curview,$pending_select) < $numcommits} {
-	selectline $commitrow($curview,$pending_select) 1
-    }
-    if {![info exists selectedline] && ![info exists pending_select]} {
-	selectline 0 1
-    }
-}
-
-proc layoutrows {row endrow last} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets displayorder
-    global uparrowlen downarrowlen maxwidth mingaplen
-    global childlist parentlist
-    global idrowranges linesegends
-    global commitidx curview
-    global idinlist rowchk rowrangelist
-
-    set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
-    set offs [lindex $rowoffsets $row]
-    while {$row < $endrow} {
-	set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
-	set oldolds {}
-	set newolds {}
-	foreach p [lindex $parentlist $row] {
-	    if {![info exists idinlist($p)]} {
-		lappend newolds $p
-	    } elseif {!$idinlist($p)} {
-		lappend oldolds $p
-	    }
-	}
-	set lse {}
-	set nev [expr {[llength $idlist] + [llength $newolds]
-		       + [llength $oldolds] - $maxwidth + 1}]
-	if {$nev > 0} {
-	    if {!$last &&
-		$row + $uparrowlen + $mingaplen >= $commitidx($curview)} break
-	    for {set x [llength $idlist]} {[incr x -1] >= 0} {} {
-		set i [lindex $idlist $x]
-		if {![info exists rowchk($i)] || $row >= $rowchk($i)} {
-		    set r [usedinrange $i [expr {$row - $downarrowlen}] \
-			       [expr {$row + $uparrowlen + $mingaplen}]]
-		    if {$r == 0} {
-			set idlist [lreplace $idlist $x $x]
-			set offs [lreplace $offs $x $x]
-			set offs [incrange $offs $x 1]
-			set idinlist($i) 0
-			set rm1 [expr {$row - 1}]
-			lappend lse $i
-			lappend idrowranges($i) $rm1
-			if {[incr nev -1] <= 0} break
-			continue
-		    }
-		    set rowchk($id) [expr {$row + $r}]
-		}
-	    }
-	    lset rowidlist $row $idlist
-	    lset rowoffsets $row $offs
-	}
-	lappend linesegends $lse
-	set col [lsearch -exact $idlist $id]
-	if {$col < 0} {
-	    set col [llength $idlist]
-	    lappend idlist $id
-	    lset rowidlist $row $idlist
-	    set z {}
-	    if {[lindex $childlist $row] ne {}} {
-		set z [expr {[llength [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row-1}]]] - $col}]
-		unset idinlist($id)
-	    }
-	    lappend offs $z
-	    lset rowoffsets $row $offs
-	    if {$z ne {}} {
-		makeuparrow $id $col $row $z
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    unset idinlist($id)
-	}
-	set ranges {}
-	if {[info exists idrowranges($id)]} {
-	    set ranges $idrowranges($id)
-	    lappend ranges $row
-	    unset idrowranges($id)
-	}
-	lappend rowrangelist $ranges
-	incr row
-	set offs [ntimes [llength $idlist] 0]
-	set l [llength $newolds]
-	set idlist [eval lreplace \$idlist $col $col $newolds]
-	set o 0
-	if {$l != 1} {
-	    set offs [lrange $offs 0 [expr {$col - 1}]]
-	    foreach x $newolds {
-		lappend offs {}
-		incr o -1
-	    }
-	    incr o
-	    set tmp [expr {[llength $idlist] - [llength $offs]}]
-	    if {$tmp > 0} {
-		set offs [concat $offs [ntimes $tmp $o]]
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    lset offs $col {}
-	}
-	foreach i $newolds {
-	    set idinlist($i) 1
-	    set idrowranges($i) $row
-	}
-	incr col $l
-	foreach oid $oldolds {
-	    set idinlist($oid) 1
-	    set idlist [linsert $idlist $col $oid]
-	    set offs [linsert $offs $col $o]
-	    makeuparrow $oid $col $row $o
-	    incr col
-	}
-	lappend rowidlist $idlist
-	lappend rowoffsets $offs
-    }
-    return $row
-}
-
-proc addextraid {id row} {
-    global displayorder commitrow commitinfo
-    global commitidx commitlisted
-    global parentlist childlist children curview
-
-    incr commitidx($curview)
-    lappend displayorder $id
-    lappend commitlisted 0
-    lappend parentlist {}
-    set commitrow($curview,$id) $row
-    readcommit $id
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
-	set commitinfo($id) {"No commit information available"}
-    }
-    if {![info exists children($curview,$id)]} {
-	set children($curview,$id) {}
-    }
-    lappend childlist $children($curview,$id)
-}
-
-proc layouttail {} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets idinlist commitidx curview
-    global idrowranges rowrangelist
-
-    set row $commitidx($curview)
-    set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
-    while {$idlist ne {}} {
-	set col [expr {[llength $idlist] - 1}]
-	set id [lindex $idlist $col]
-	addextraid $id $row
-	unset idinlist($id)
-	lappend idrowranges($id) $row
-	lappend rowrangelist $idrowranges($id)
-	unset idrowranges($id)
-	incr row
-	set offs [ntimes $col 0]
-	set idlist [lreplace $idlist $col $col]
-	lappend rowidlist $idlist
-	lappend rowoffsets $offs
-    }
-
-    foreach id [array names idinlist] {
-	addextraid $id $row
-	lset rowidlist $row [list $id]
-	lset rowoffsets $row 0
-	makeuparrow $id 0 $row 0
-	lappend idrowranges($id) $row
-	lappend rowrangelist $idrowranges($id)
-	unset idrowranges($id)
-	incr row
-	lappend rowidlist {}
-	lappend rowoffsets {}
-    }
-}
-
-proc insert_pad {row col npad} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets
-
-    set pad [ntimes $npad {}]
-    lset rowidlist $row [eval linsert [list [lindex $rowidlist $row]] $col $pad]
-    set tmp [eval linsert [list [lindex $rowoffsets $row]] $col $pad]
-    lset rowoffsets $row [incrange $tmp [expr {$col + $npad}] [expr {-$npad}]]
-}
-
-proc optimize_rows {row col endrow} {
-    global rowidlist rowoffsets idrowranges displayorder
-
-    for {} {$row < $endrow} {incr row} {
-	set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
-	set offs [lindex $rowoffsets $row]
-	set haspad 0
-	for {} {$col < [llength $offs]} {incr col} {
-	    if {[lindex $idlist $col] eq {}} {
-		set haspad 1
-		continue
-	    }
-	    set z [lindex $offs $col]
-	    if {$z eq {}} continue
-	    set isarrow 0
-	    set x0 [expr {$col + $z}]
-	    set y0 [expr {$row - 1}]
-	    set z0 [lindex $rowoffsets $y0 $x0]
-	    if {$z0 eq {}} {
-		set id [lindex $idlist $col]
-		set ranges [rowranges $id]
-		if {$ranges ne {} && $y0 > [lindex $ranges 0]} {
-		    set isarrow 1
-		}
-	    }
-	    if {$z < -1 || ($z < 0 && $isarrow)} {
-		set npad [expr {-1 - $z + $isarrow}]
-		set offs [incrange $offs $col $npad]
-		insert_pad $y0 $x0 $npad
-		if {$y0 > 0} {
-		    optimize_rows $y0 $x0 $row
-		}
-		set z [lindex $offs $col]
-		set x0 [expr {$col + $z}]
-		set z0 [lindex $rowoffsets $y0 $x0]
-	    } elseif {$z > 1 || ($z > 0 && $isarrow)} {
-		set npad [expr {$z - 1 + $isarrow}]
-		set y1 [expr {$row + 1}]
-		set offs2 [lindex $rowoffsets $y1]
-		set x1 -1
-		foreach z $offs2 {
-		    incr x1
-		    if {$z eq {} || $x1 + $z < $col} continue
-		    if {$x1 + $z > $col} {
-			incr npad
-		    }
-		    lset rowoffsets $y1 [incrange $offs2 $x1 $npad]
-		    break
-		}
-		set pad [ntimes $npad {}]
-		set idlist [eval linsert \$idlist $col $pad]
-		set tmp [eval linsert \$offs $col $pad]
-		incr col $npad
-		set offs [incrange $tmp $col [expr {-$npad}]]
-		set z [lindex $offs $col]
-		set haspad 1
-	    }
-	    if {$z0 eq {} && !$isarrow} {
-		# this line links to its first child on row $row-2
-		set rm2 [expr {$row - 2}]
-		set id [lindex $displayorder $rm2]
-		set xc [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $rm2] $id]
-		if {$xc >= 0} {
-		    set z0 [expr {$xc - $x0}]
-		}
-	    }
-	    if {$z0 ne {} && $z < 0 && $z0 > 0} {
-		insert_pad $y0 $x0 1
-		set offs [incrange $offs $col 1]
-		optimize_rows $y0 [expr {$x0 + 1}] $row
-	    }
-	}
-	if {!$haspad} {
-	    set o {}
-	    for {set col [llength $idlist]} {[incr col -1] >= 0} {} {
-		set o [lindex $offs $col]
-		if {$o eq {}} {
-		    # check if this is the link to the first child
-		    set id [lindex $idlist $col]
-		    set ranges [rowranges $id]
-		    if {$ranges ne {} && $row == [lindex $ranges 0]} {
-			# it is, work out offset to child
-			set y0 [expr {$row - 1}]
-			set id [lindex $displayorder $y0]
-			set x0 [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $y0] $id]
-			if {$x0 >= 0} {
-			    set o [expr {$x0 - $col}]
-			}
-		    }
-		}
-		if {$o eq {} || $o <= 0} break
-	    }
-	    if {$o ne {} && [incr col] < [llength $idlist]} {
-		set y1 [expr {$row + 1}]
-		set offs2 [lindex $rowoffsets $y1]
-		set x1 -1
-		foreach z $offs2 {
-		    incr x1
-		    if {$z eq {} || $x1 + $z < $col} continue
-		    lset rowoffsets $y1 [incrange $offs2 $x1 1]
-		    break
-		}
-		set idlist [linsert $idlist $col {}]
-		set tmp [linsert $offs $col {}]
-		incr col
-		set offs [incrange $tmp $col -1]
-	    }
-	}
-	lset rowidlist $row $idlist
-	lset rowoffsets $row $offs
-	set col 0
-    }
-}
-
-proc xc {row col} {
-    global canvx0 linespc
-    return [expr {$canvx0 + $col * $linespc}]
-}
-
-proc yc {row} {
-    global canvy0 linespc
-    return [expr {$canvy0 + $row * $linespc}]
-}
-
-proc linewidth {id} {
-    global thickerline lthickness
-
-    set wid $lthickness
-    if {[info exists thickerline] && $id eq $thickerline} {
-	set wid [expr {2 * $lthickness}]
-    }
-    return $wid
-}
-
-proc rowranges {id} {
-    global phase idrowranges commitrow rowlaidout rowrangelist curview
-
-    set ranges {}
-    if {$phase eq {} ||
-	([info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]
-	 && $commitrow($curview,$id) < $rowlaidout)} {
-	set ranges [lindex $rowrangelist $commitrow($curview,$id)]
-    } elseif {[info exists idrowranges($id)]} {
-	set ranges $idrowranges($id)
-    }
-    return $ranges
-}
-
-proc drawlineseg {id i} {
-    global rowoffsets rowidlist
-    global displayorder
-    global canv colormap linespc
-    global numcommits commitrow curview
-
-    set ranges [rowranges $id]
-    set downarrow 1
-    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]
-	&& $commitrow($curview,$id) < $numcommits} {
-	set downarrow [expr {$i < [llength $ranges] / 2 - 1}]
-    } else {
-	set downarrow 1
-    }
-    set startrow [lindex $ranges [expr {2 * $i}]]
-    set row [lindex $ranges [expr {2 * $i + 1}]]
-    if {$startrow == $row} return
-    assigncolor $id
-    set coords {}
-    set col [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $id]
-    if {$col < 0} {
-	puts "oops: drawline: id $id not on row $row"
-	return
-    }
-    set lasto {}
-    set ns 0
-    while {1} {
-	set o [lindex $rowoffsets $row $col]
-	if {$o eq {}} break
-	if {$o ne $lasto} {
-	    # changing direction
-	    set x [xc $row $col]
-	    set y [yc $row]
-	    lappend coords $x $y
-	    set lasto $o
-	}
-	incr col $o
-	incr row -1
-    }
-    set x [xc $row $col]
-    set y [yc $row]
-    lappend coords $x $y
-    if {$i == 0} {
-	# draw the link to the first child as part of this line
-	incr row -1
-	set child [lindex $displayorder $row]
-	set ccol [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $child]
-	if {$ccol >= 0} {
-	    set x [xc $row $ccol]
-	    set y [yc $row]
-	    if {$ccol < $col - 1} {
-		lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$col - 1}]] [yc $row]
-	    } elseif {$ccol > $col + 1} {
-		lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$col + 1}]] [yc $row]
-	    }
-	    lappend coords $x $y
-	}
-    }
-    if {[llength $coords] < 4} return
-    if {$downarrow} {
-	# This line has an arrow at the lower end: check if the arrow is
-	# on a diagonal segment, and if so, work around the Tk 8.4
-	# refusal to draw arrows on diagonal lines.
-	set x0 [lindex $coords 0]
-	set x1 [lindex $coords 2]
-	if {$x0 != $x1} {
-	    set y0 [lindex $coords 1]
-	    set y1 [lindex $coords 3]
-	    if {$y0 - $y1 <= 2 * $linespc && $x1 == [lindex $coords 4]} {
-		# we have a nearby vertical segment, just trim off the diag bit
-		set coords [lrange $coords 2 end]
-	    } else {
-		set slope [expr {($x0 - $x1) / ($y0 - $y1)}]
-		set xi [expr {$x0 - $slope * $linespc / 2}]
-		set yi [expr {$y0 - $linespc / 2}]
-		set coords [lreplace $coords 0 1 $xi $y0 $xi $yi]
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    set arrow [expr {2 * ($i > 0) + $downarrow}]
-    set arrow [lindex {none first last both} $arrow]
-    set t [$canv create line $coords -width [linewidth $id] \
-	       -fill $colormap($id) -tags lines.$id -arrow $arrow]
-    $canv lower $t
-    bindline $t $id
-}
-
-proc drawparentlinks {id row col olds} {
-    global rowidlist canv colormap
-
-    set row2 [expr {$row + 1}]
-    set x [xc $row $col]
-    set y [yc $row]
-    set y2 [yc $row2]
-    set ids [lindex $rowidlist $row2]
-    # rmx = right-most X coord used
-    set rmx 0
-    foreach p $olds {
-	set i [lsearch -exact $ids $p]
-	if {$i < 0} {
-	    puts "oops, parent $p of $id not in list"
-	    continue
-	}
-	set x2 [xc $row2 $i]
-	if {$x2 > $rmx} {
-	    set rmx $x2
-	}
-	set ranges [rowranges $p]
-	if {$ranges ne {} && $row2 == [lindex $ranges 0]
-	    && $row2 < [lindex $ranges 1]} {
-	    # drawlineseg will do this one for us
-	    continue
-	}
-	assigncolor $p
-	# should handle duplicated parents here...
-	set coords [list $x $y]
-	if {$i < $col - 1} {
-	    lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$i + 1}]] $y
-	} elseif {$i > $col + 1} {
-	    lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$i - 1}]] $y
-	}
-	lappend coords $x2 $y2
-	set t [$canv create line $coords -width [linewidth $p] \
-		   -fill $colormap($p) -tags lines.$p]
-	$canv lower $t
-	bindline $t $p
-    }
-    return $rmx
-}
-
-proc drawlines {id} {
-    global colormap canv
-    global idrangedrawn
-    global children iddrawn commitrow rowidlist curview
-
-    $canv delete lines.$id
-    set nr [expr {[llength [rowranges $id]] / 2}]
-    for {set i 0} {$i < $nr} {incr i} {
-	if {[info exists idrangedrawn($id,$i)]} {
-	    drawlineseg $id $i
-	}
-    }
-    foreach child $children($curview,$id) {
-	if {[info exists iddrawn($child)]} {
-	    set row $commitrow($curview,$child)
-	    set col [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $child]
-	    if {$col >= 0} {
-		drawparentlinks $child $row $col [list $id]
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc drawcmittext {id row col rmx} {
-    global linespc canv canv2 canv3 canvy0 fgcolor
-    global commitlisted commitinfo rowidlist
-    global rowtextx idpos idtags idheads idotherrefs
-    global linehtag linentag linedtag
-    global mainfont canvxmax boldrows boldnamerows fgcolor
-
-    set ofill [expr {[lindex $commitlisted $row]? "blue": "white"}]
-    set x [xc $row $col]
-    set y [yc $row]
-    set orad [expr {$linespc / 3}]
-    set t [$canv create oval [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
-	       [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
-	       -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
-    $canv raise $t
-    $canv bind $t <1> {selcanvline {} %x %y}
-    set xt [xc $row [llength [lindex $rowidlist $row]]]
-    if {$xt < $rmx} {
-	set xt $rmx
-    }
-    set rowtextx($row) $xt
-    set idpos($id) [list $x $xt $y]
-    if {[info exists idtags($id)] || [info exists idheads($id)]
-	|| [info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
-	set xt [drawtags $id $x $xt $y]
-    }
-    set headline [lindex $commitinfo($id) 0]
-    set name [lindex $commitinfo($id) 1]
-    set date [lindex $commitinfo($id) 2]
-    set date [formatdate $date]
-    set font $mainfont
-    set nfont $mainfont
-    set isbold [ishighlighted $row]
-    if {$isbold > 0} {
-	lappend boldrows $row
-	lappend font bold
-	if {$isbold > 1} {
-	    lappend boldnamerows $row
-	    lappend nfont bold
-	}
-    }
-    set linehtag($row) [$canv create text $xt $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
-			    -text $headline -font $font -tags text]
-    $canv bind $linehtag($row) <Button-3> "rowmenu %X %Y $id"
-    set linentag($row) [$canv2 create text 3 $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
-			    -text $name -font $nfont -tags text]
-    set linedtag($row) [$canv3 create text 3 $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
-			    -text $date -font $mainfont -tags text]
-    set xr [expr {$xt + [font measure $mainfont $headline]}]
-    if {$xr > $canvxmax} {
-	set canvxmax $xr
-	setcanvscroll
-    }
-}
-
-proc drawcmitrow {row} {
-    global displayorder rowidlist
-    global idrangedrawn iddrawn
-    global commitinfo parentlist numcommits
-    global filehighlight fhighlights findstring nhighlights
-    global hlview vhighlights
-    global highlight_related rhighlights
-
-    if {$row >= $numcommits} return
-    foreach id [lindex $rowidlist $row] {
-	if {$id eq {}} continue
-	set i -1
-	foreach {s e} [rowranges $id] {
-	    incr i
-	    if {$row < $s} continue
-	    if {$e eq {}} break
-	    if {$row <= $e} {
-		if {$e < $numcommits && ![info exists idrangedrawn($id,$i)]} {
-		    drawlineseg $id $i
-		    set idrangedrawn($id,$i) 1
-		}
-		break
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-
-    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
-    if {[info exists hlview] && ![info exists vhighlights($row)]} {
-	askvhighlight $row $id
-    }
-    if {[info exists filehighlight] && ![info exists fhighlights($row)]} {
-	askfilehighlight $row $id
-    }
-    if {$findstring ne {} && ![info exists nhighlights($row)]} {
-	askfindhighlight $row $id
-    }
-    if {$highlight_related ne "None" && ![info exists rhighlights($row)]} {
-	askrelhighlight $row $id
-    }
-    if {[info exists iddrawn($id)]} return
-    set col [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $id]
-    if {$col < 0} {
-	puts "oops, row $row id $id not in list"
-	return
-    }
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
-	getcommit $id
-    }
-    assigncolor $id
-    set olds [lindex $parentlist $row]
-    if {$olds ne {}} {
-	set rmx [drawparentlinks $id $row $col $olds]
-    } else {
-	set rmx 0
-    }
-    drawcmittext $id $row $col $rmx
-    set iddrawn($id) 1
-}
-
-proc drawfrac {f0 f1} {
-    global numcommits canv
-    global linespc
-
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0} return
-    set y0 [expr {int($f0 * $ymax)}]
-    set row [expr {int(($y0 - 3) / $linespc) - 1}]
-    if {$row < 0} {
-	set row 0
-    }
-    set y1 [expr {int($f1 * $ymax)}]
-    set endrow [expr {int(($y1 - 3) / $linespc) + 1}]
-    if {$endrow >= $numcommits} {
-	set endrow [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
-    }
-    for {} {$row <= $endrow} {incr row} {
-	drawcmitrow $row
-    }
-}
-
-proc drawvisible {} {
-    global canv
-    eval drawfrac [$canv yview]
-}
-
-proc clear_display {} {
-    global iddrawn idrangedrawn
-    global vhighlights fhighlights nhighlights rhighlights
-
-    allcanvs delete all
-    catch {unset iddrawn}
-    catch {unset idrangedrawn}
-    catch {unset vhighlights}
-    catch {unset fhighlights}
-    catch {unset nhighlights}
-    catch {unset rhighlights}
-}
-
-proc findcrossings {id} {
-    global rowidlist parentlist numcommits rowoffsets displayorder
-
-    set cross {}
-    set ccross {}
-    foreach {s e} [rowranges $id] {
-	if {$e >= $numcommits} {
-	    set e [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
-	}
-	if {$e <= $s} continue
-	set x [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $e] $id]
-	if {$x < 0} {
-	    puts "findcrossings: oops, no [shortids $id] in row $e"
-	    continue
-	}
-	for {set row $e} {[incr row -1] >= $s} {} {
-	    set olds [lindex $parentlist $row]
-	    set kid [lindex $displayorder $row]
-	    set kidx [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $kid]
-	    if {$kidx < 0} continue
-	    set nextrow [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row + 1}]]
-	    foreach p $olds {
-		set px [lsearch -exact $nextrow $p]
-		if {$px < 0} continue
-		if {($kidx < $x && $x < $px) || ($px < $x && $x < $kidx)} {
-		    if {[lsearch -exact $ccross $p] >= 0} continue
-		    if {$x == $px + ($kidx < $px? -1: 1)} {
-			lappend ccross $p
-		    } elseif {[lsearch -exact $cross $p] < 0} {
-			lappend cross $p
-		    }
-		}
-	    }
-	    set inc [lindex $rowoffsets $row $x]
-	    if {$inc eq {}} break
-	    incr x $inc
-	}
-    }
-    return [concat $ccross {{}} $cross]
-}
-
-proc assigncolor {id} {
-    global colormap colors nextcolor
-    global commitrow parentlist children children curview
-
-    if {[info exists colormap($id)]} return
-    set ncolors [llength $colors]
-    if {[info exists children($curview,$id)]} {
-	set kids $children($curview,$id)
-    } else {
-	set kids {}
-    }
-    if {[llength $kids] == 1} {
-	set child [lindex $kids 0]
-	if {[info exists colormap($child)]
-	    && [llength [lindex $parentlist $commitrow($curview,$child)]] == 1} {
-	    set colormap($id) $colormap($child)
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    set badcolors {}
-    set origbad {}
-    foreach x [findcrossings $id] {
-	if {$x eq {}} {
-	    # delimiter between corner crossings and other crossings
-	    if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors - 1} break
-	    set origbad $badcolors
-	}
-	if {[info exists colormap($x)]
-	    && [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($x)] < 0} {
-	    lappend badcolors $colormap($x)
-	}
-    }
-    if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors} {
-	set badcolors $origbad
-    }
-    set origbad $badcolors
-    if {[llength $badcolors] < $ncolors - 1} {
-	foreach child $kids {
-	    if {[info exists colormap($child)]
-		&& [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($child)] < 0} {
-		lappend badcolors $colormap($child)
-	    }
-	    foreach p [lindex $parentlist $commitrow($curview,$child)] {
-		if {[info exists colormap($p)]
-		    && [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($p)] < 0} {
-		    lappend badcolors $colormap($p)
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors} {
-	    set badcolors $origbad
-	}
-    }
-    for {set i 0} {$i <= $ncolors} {incr i} {
-	set c [lindex $colors $nextcolor]
-	if {[incr nextcolor] >= $ncolors} {
-	    set nextcolor 0
-	}
-	if {[lsearch -exact $badcolors $c]} break
-    }
-    set colormap($id) $c
-}
-
-proc bindline {t id} {
-    global canv
-
-    $canv bind $t <Enter> "lineenter %x %y $id"
-    $canv bind $t <Motion> "linemotion %x %y $id"
-    $canv bind $t <Leave> "lineleave $id"
-    $canv bind $t <Button-1> "lineclick %x %y $id 1"
-}
-
-proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
-    global idtags idheads idotherrefs mainhead
-    global linespc lthickness
-    global canv mainfont commitrow rowtextx curview fgcolor bgcolor
-
-    set marks {}
-    set ntags 0
-    set nheads 0
-    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
-	set marks $idtags($id)
-	set ntags [llength $marks]
-    }
-    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
-	set marks [concat $marks $idheads($id)]
-	set nheads [llength $idheads($id)]
-    }
-    if {[info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
-	set marks [concat $marks $idotherrefs($id)]
-    }
-    if {$marks eq {}} {
-	return $xt
-    }
-
-    set delta [expr {int(0.5 * ($linespc - $lthickness))}]
-    set yt [expr {$y1 - 0.5 * $linespc}]
-    set yb [expr {$yt + $linespc - 1}]
-    set xvals {}
-    set wvals {}
-    set i -1
-    foreach tag $marks {
-	incr i
-	if {$i >= $ntags && $i < $ntags + $nheads && $tag eq $mainhead} {
-	    set wid [font measure [concat $mainfont bold] $tag]
-	} else {
-	    set wid [font measure $mainfont $tag]
-	}
-	lappend xvals $xt
-	lappend wvals $wid
-	set xt [expr {$xt + $delta + $wid + $lthickness + $linespc}]
-    }
-    set t [$canv create line $x $y1 [lindex $xvals end] $y1 \
-	       -width $lthickness -fill black -tags tag.$id]
-    $canv lower $t
-    foreach tag $marks x $xvals wid $wvals {
-	set xl [expr {$x + $delta}]
-	set xr [expr {$x + $delta + $wid + $lthickness}]
-	set font $mainfont
-	if {[incr ntags -1] >= 0} {
-	    # draw a tag
-	    set t [$canv create polygon $x [expr {$yt + $delta}] $xl $yt \
-		       $xr $yt $xr $yb $xl $yb $x [expr {$yb - $delta}] \
-		       -width 1 -outline black -fill yellow -tags tag.$id]
-	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
-	    set rowtextx($commitrow($curview,$id)) [expr {$xr + $linespc}]
-	} else {
-	    # draw a head or other ref
-	    if {[incr nheads -1] >= 0} {
-		set col green
-		if {$tag eq $mainhead} {
-		    lappend font bold
-		}
-	    } else {
-		set col "#ddddff"
-	    }
-	    set xl [expr {$xl - $delta/2}]
-	    $canv create polygon $x $yt $xr $yt $xr $yb $x $yb \
-		-width 1 -outline black -fill $col -tags tag.$id
-	    if {[regexp {^(remotes/.*/|remotes/)} $tag match remoteprefix]} {
-	        set rwid [font measure $mainfont $remoteprefix]
-		set xi [expr {$x + 1}]
-		set yti [expr {$yt + 1}]
-		set xri [expr {$x + $rwid}]
-		$canv create polygon $xi $yti $xri $yti $xri $yb $xi $yb \
-			-width 0 -fill "#ffddaa" -tags tag.$id
-	    }
-	}
-	set t [$canv create text $xl $y1 -anchor w -text $tag -fill $fgcolor \
-		   -font $font -tags [list tag.$id text]]
-	if {$ntags >= 0} {
-	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
-	} elseif {$nheads >= 0} {
-	    $canv bind $t <Button-3> [list headmenu %X %Y $id $tag]
-	}
-    }
-    return $xt
-}
-
-proc xcoord {i level ln} {
-    global canvx0 xspc1 xspc2
-
-    set x [expr {$canvx0 + $i * $xspc1($ln)}]
-    if {$i > 0 && $i == $level} {
-	set x [expr {$x + 0.5 * ($xspc2 - $xspc1($ln))}]
-    } elseif {$i > $level} {
-	set x [expr {$x + $xspc2 - $xspc1($ln)}]
-    }
-    return $x
-}
-
-proc show_status {msg} {
-    global canv mainfont fgcolor
-
-    clear_display
-    $canv create text 3 3 -anchor nw -text $msg -font $mainfont \
-	-tags text -fill $fgcolor
-}
-
-proc finishcommits {} {
-    global commitidx phase curview
-    global pending_select
-
-    if {$commitidx($curview) > 0} {
-	drawrest
-    } else {
-	show_status "No commits selected"
-    }
-    set phase {}
-    catch {unset pending_select}
-}
-
-# Insert a new commit as the child of the commit on row $row.
-# The new commit will be displayed on row $row and the commits
-# on that row and below will move down one row.
-proc insertrow {row newcmit} {
-    global displayorder parentlist childlist commitlisted
-    global commitrow curview rowidlist rowoffsets numcommits
-    global rowrangelist idrowranges rowlaidout rowoptim numcommits
-    global linesegends selectedline
-
-    if {$row >= $numcommits} {
-	puts "oops, inserting new row $row but only have $numcommits rows"
-	return
-    }
-    set p [lindex $displayorder $row]
-    set displayorder [linsert $displayorder $row $newcmit]
-    set parentlist [linsert $parentlist $row $p]
-    set kids [lindex $childlist $row]
-    lappend kids $newcmit
-    lset childlist $row $kids
-    set childlist [linsert $childlist $row {}]
-    set commitlisted [linsert $commitlisted $row 1]
-    set l [llength $displayorder]
-    for {set r $row} {$r < $l} {incr r} {
-	set id [lindex $displayorder $r]
-	set commitrow($curview,$id) $r
-    }
-
-    set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
-    set offs [lindex $rowoffsets $row]
-    set newoffs {}
-    foreach x $idlist {
-	if {$x eq {} || ($x eq $p && [llength $kids] == 1)} {
-	    lappend newoffs {}
-	} else {
-	    lappend newoffs 0
-	}
-    }
-    if {[llength $kids] == 1} {
-	set col [lsearch -exact $idlist $p]
-	lset idlist $col $newcmit
-    } else {
-	set col [llength $idlist]
-	lappend idlist $newcmit
-	lappend offs {}
-	lset rowoffsets $row $offs
-    }
-    set rowidlist [linsert $rowidlist $row $idlist]
-    set rowoffsets [linsert $rowoffsets [expr {$row+1}] $newoffs]
-
-    set rowrangelist [linsert $rowrangelist $row {}]
-    set l [llength $rowrangelist]
-    for {set r 0} {$r < $l} {incr r} {
-	set ranges [lindex $rowrangelist $r]
-	if {$ranges ne {} && [lindex $ranges end] >= $row} {
-	    set newranges {}
-	    foreach x $ranges {
-		if {$x >= $row} {
-		    lappend newranges [expr {$x + 1}]
-		} else {
-		    lappend newranges $x
-		}
-	    }
-	    lset rowrangelist $r $newranges
-	}
-    }
-    if {[llength $kids] > 1} {
-	set rp1 [expr {$row + 1}]
-	set ranges [lindex $rowrangelist $rp1]
-	if {$ranges eq {}} {
-	    set ranges [list $row $rp1]
-	} elseif {[lindex $ranges end-1] == $rp1} {
-	    lset ranges end-1 $row
-	}
-	lset rowrangelist $rp1 $ranges
-    }
-    foreach id [array names idrowranges] {
-	set ranges $idrowranges($id)
-	if {$ranges ne {} && [lindex $ranges end] >= $row} {
-	    set newranges {}
-	    foreach x $ranges {
-		if {$x >= $row} {
-		    lappend newranges [expr {$x + 1}]
-		} else {
-		    lappend newranges $x
-		}
-	    }
-	    set idrowranges($id) $newranges
-	}
-    }
-
-    set linesegends [linsert $linesegends $row {}]
-
-    incr rowlaidout
-    incr rowoptim
-    incr numcommits
-
-    if {[info exists selectedline] && $selectedline >= $row} {
-	incr selectedline
-    }
-    redisplay
-}
-
-# Don't change the text pane cursor if it is currently the hand cursor,
-# showing that we are over a sha1 ID link.
-proc settextcursor {c} {
-    global ctext curtextcursor
-
-    if {[$ctext cget -cursor] == $curtextcursor} {
-	$ctext config -cursor $c
-    }
-    set curtextcursor $c
-}
-
-proc nowbusy {what} {
-    global isbusy
-
-    if {[array names isbusy] eq {}} {
-	. config -cursor watch
-	settextcursor watch
-    }
-    set isbusy($what) 1
-}
-
-proc notbusy {what} {
-    global isbusy maincursor textcursor
-
-    catch {unset isbusy($what)}
-    if {[array names isbusy] eq {}} {
-	. config -cursor $maincursor
-	settextcursor $textcursor
-    }
-}
-
-proc drawrest {} {
-    global startmsecs
-    global rowlaidout commitidx curview
-    global pending_select
-
-    set row $rowlaidout
-    layoutrows $rowlaidout $commitidx($curview) 1
-    layouttail
-    optimize_rows $row 0 $commitidx($curview)
-    showstuff $commitidx($curview)
-    if {[info exists pending_select]} {
-	selectline 0 1
-    }
-
-    set drawmsecs [expr {[clock clicks -milliseconds] - $startmsecs}]
-    #global numcommits
-    #puts "overall $drawmsecs ms for $numcommits commits"
-}
-
-proc findmatches {f} {
-    global findtype foundstring foundstrlen
-    if {$findtype == "Regexp"} {
-	set matches [regexp -indices -all -inline $foundstring $f]
-    } else {
-	if {$findtype == "IgnCase"} {
-	    set str [string tolower $f]
-	} else {
-	    set str $f
-	}
-	set matches {}
-	set i 0
-	while {[set j [string first $foundstring $str $i]] >= 0} {
-	    lappend matches [list $j [expr {$j+$foundstrlen-1}]]
-	    set i [expr {$j + $foundstrlen}]
-	}
-    }
-    return $matches
-}
-
-proc dofind {} {
-    global findtype findloc findstring markedmatches commitinfo
-    global numcommits displayorder linehtag linentag linedtag
-    global mainfont canv canv2 canv3 selectedline
-    global matchinglines foundstring foundstrlen matchstring
-    global commitdata
-
-    stopfindproc
-    unmarkmatches
-    cancel_next_highlight
-    focus .
-    set matchinglines {}
-    if {$findtype == "IgnCase"} {
-	set foundstring [string tolower $findstring]
-    } else {
-	set foundstring $findstring
-    }
-    set foundstrlen [string length $findstring]
-    if {$foundstrlen == 0} return
-    regsub -all {[*?\[\\]} $foundstring {\\&} matchstring
-    set matchstring "*$matchstring*"
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} {
-	set oldsel -1
-    } else {
-	set oldsel $selectedline
-    }
-    set didsel 0
-    set fldtypes {Headline Author Date Committer CDate Comments}
-    set l -1
-    foreach id $displayorder {
-	set d $commitdata($id)
-	incr l
-	if {$findtype == "Regexp"} {
-	    set doesmatch [regexp $foundstring $d]
-	} elseif {$findtype == "IgnCase"} {
-	    set doesmatch [string match -nocase $matchstring $d]
-	} else {
-	    set doesmatch [string match $matchstring $d]
-	}
-	if {!$doesmatch} continue
-	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
-	    getcommit $id
-	}
-	set info $commitinfo($id)
-	set doesmatch 0
-	foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
-	    if {$findloc != "All fields" && $findloc != $ty} {
-		continue
-	    }
-	    set matches [findmatches $f]
-	    if {$matches == {}} continue
-	    set doesmatch 1
-	    if {$ty == "Headline"} {
-		drawcmitrow $l
-		markmatches $canv $l $f $linehtag($l) $matches $mainfont
-	    } elseif {$ty == "Author"} {
-		drawcmitrow $l
-		markmatches $canv2 $l $f $linentag($l) $matches $mainfont
-	    } elseif {$ty == "Date"} {
-		drawcmitrow $l
-		markmatches $canv3 $l $f $linedtag($l) $matches $mainfont
-	    }
-	}
-	if {$doesmatch} {
-	    lappend matchinglines $l
-	    if {!$didsel && $l > $oldsel} {
-		findselectline $l
-		set didsel 1
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    if {$matchinglines == {}} {
-	bell
-    } elseif {!$didsel} {
-	findselectline [lindex $matchinglines 0]
-    }
-}
-
-proc findselectline {l} {
-    global findloc commentend ctext
-    selectline $l 1
-    if {$findloc == "All fields" || $findloc == "Comments"} {
-	# highlight the matches in the comments
-	set f [$ctext get 1.0 $commentend]
-	set matches [findmatches $f]
-	foreach match $matches {
-	    set start [lindex $match 0]
-	    set end [expr {[lindex $match 1] + 1}]
-	    $ctext tag add found "1.0 + $start c" "1.0 + $end c"
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc findnext {restart} {
-    global matchinglines selectedline
-    if {![info exists matchinglines]} {
-	if {$restart} {
-	    dofind
-	}
-	return
-    }
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    foreach l $matchinglines {
-	if {$l > $selectedline} {
-	    findselectline $l
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    bell
-}
-
-proc findprev {} {
-    global matchinglines selectedline
-    if {![info exists matchinglines]} {
-	dofind
-	return
-    }
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    set prev {}
-    foreach l $matchinglines {
-	if {$l >= $selectedline} break
-	set prev $l
-    }
-    if {$prev != {}} {
-	findselectline $prev
-    } else {
-	bell
-    }
-}
-
-proc stopfindproc {{done 0}} {
-    global findprocpid findprocfile findids
-    global ctext findoldcursor phase maincursor textcursor
-    global findinprogress
-
-    catch {unset findids}
-    if {[info exists findprocpid]} {
-	if {!$done} {
-	    catch {exec kill $findprocpid}
-	}
-	catch {close $findprocfile}
-	unset findprocpid
-    }
-    catch {unset findinprogress}
-    notbusy find
-}
-
-# mark a commit as matching by putting a yellow background
-# behind the headline
-proc markheadline {l id} {
-    global canv mainfont linehtag
-
-    drawcmitrow $l
-    set bbox [$canv bbox $linehtag($l)]
-    set t [$canv create rect $bbox -outline {} -tags matches -fill yellow]
-    $canv lower $t
-}
-
-# mark the bits of a headline, author or date that match a find string
-proc markmatches {canv l str tag matches font} {
-    set bbox [$canv bbox $tag]
-    set x0 [lindex $bbox 0]
-    set y0 [lindex $bbox 1]
-    set y1 [lindex $bbox 3]
-    foreach match $matches {
-	set start [lindex $match 0]
-	set end [lindex $match 1]
-	if {$start > $end} continue
-	set xoff [font measure $font [string range $str 0 [expr {$start-1}]]]
-	set xlen [font measure $font [string range $str 0 [expr {$end}]]]
-	set t [$canv create rect [expr {$x0+$xoff}] $y0 \
-		   [expr {$x0+$xlen+2}] $y1 \
-		   -outline {} -tags matches -fill yellow]
-	$canv lower $t
-    }
-}
-
-proc unmarkmatches {} {
-    global matchinglines findids
-    allcanvs delete matches
-    catch {unset matchinglines}
-    catch {unset findids}
-}
-
-proc selcanvline {w x y} {
-    global canv canvy0 ctext linespc
-    global rowtextx
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax == {}} return
-    set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
-    set y [expr {$y + $yfrac * $ymax}]
-    set l [expr {int(($y - $canvy0) / $linespc + 0.5)}]
-    if {$l < 0} {
-	set l 0
-    }
-    if {$w eq $canv} {
-	if {![info exists rowtextx($l)] || $x < $rowtextx($l)} return
-    }
-    unmarkmatches
-    selectline $l 1
-}
-
-proc commit_descriptor {p} {
-    global commitinfo
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($p)]} {
-	getcommit $p
-    }
-    set l "..."
-    if {[llength $commitinfo($p)] > 1} {
-	set l [lindex $commitinfo($p) 0]
-    }
-    return "$p ($l)\n"
-}
-
-# append some text to the ctext widget, and make any SHA1 ID
-# that we know about be a clickable link.
-proc appendwithlinks {text tags} {
-    global ctext commitrow linknum curview
-
-    set start [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
-    $ctext insert end $text $tags
-    set links [regexp -indices -all -inline {[0-9a-f]{40}} $text]
-    foreach l $links {
-	set s [lindex $l 0]
-	set e [lindex $l 1]
-	set linkid [string range $text $s $e]
-	if {![info exists commitrow($curview,$linkid)]} continue
-	incr e
-	$ctext tag add link "$start + $s c" "$start + $e c"
-	$ctext tag add link$linknum "$start + $s c" "$start + $e c"
-	$ctext tag bind link$linknum <1> \
-	    [list selectline $commitrow($curview,$linkid) 1]
-	incr linknum
-    }
-    $ctext tag conf link -foreground blue -underline 1
-    $ctext tag bind link <Enter> { %W configure -cursor hand2 }
-    $ctext tag bind link <Leave> { %W configure -cursor $curtextcursor }
-}
-
-proc viewnextline {dir} {
-    global canv linespc
-
-    $canv delete hover
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    set wnow [$canv yview]
-    set wtop [expr {[lindex $wnow 0] * $ymax}]
-    set newtop [expr {$wtop + $dir * $linespc}]
-    if {$newtop < 0} {
-	set newtop 0
-    } elseif {$newtop > $ymax} {
-	set newtop $ymax
-    }
-    allcanvs yview moveto [expr {$newtop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
-}
-
-# add a list of tag or branch names at position pos
-# returns the number of names inserted
-proc appendrefs {pos tags var} {
-    global ctext commitrow linknum curview $var
-
-    if {[catch {$ctext index $pos}]} {
-	return 0
-    }
-    set tags [lsort $tags]
-    set sep {}
-    foreach tag $tags {
-	set id [set $var\($tag\)]
-	set lk link$linknum
-	incr linknum
-	$ctext insert $pos $sep
-	$ctext insert $pos $tag $lk
-	$ctext tag conf $lk -foreground blue
-	if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-	    $ctext tag bind $lk <1> \
-		[list selectline $commitrow($curview,$id) 1]
-	    $ctext tag conf $lk -underline 1
-	    $ctext tag bind $lk <Enter> { %W configure -cursor hand2 }
-	    $ctext tag bind $lk <Leave> { %W configure -cursor $curtextcursor }
-	}
-	set sep ", "
-    }
-    return [llength $tags]
-}
-
-proc taglist {ids} {
-    global idtags
-
-    set tags {}
-    foreach id $ids {
-	foreach tag $idtags($id) {
-	    lappend tags $tag
-	}
-    }
-    return $tags
-}
-
-# called when we have finished computing the nearby tags
-proc dispneartags {} {
-    global selectedline currentid ctext anc_tags desc_tags showneartags
-    global desc_heads
-
-    if {![info exists selectedline] || !$showneartags} return
-    set id $currentid
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    if {[info exists desc_heads($id)]} {
-	if {[appendrefs branch $desc_heads($id) headids] > 1} {
-	    $ctext insert "branch -2c" "es"
-	}
-    }
-    if {[info exists anc_tags($id)]} {
-	appendrefs follows [taglist $anc_tags($id)] tagids
-    }
-    if {[info exists desc_tags($id)]} {
-	appendrefs precedes [taglist $desc_tags($id)] tagids
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc selectline {l isnew} {
-    global canv canv2 canv3 ctext commitinfo selectedline
-    global displayorder linehtag linentag linedtag
-    global canvy0 linespc parentlist childlist
-    global currentid sha1entry
-    global commentend idtags linknum
-    global mergemax numcommits pending_select
-    global cmitmode desc_tags anc_tags showneartags allcommits desc_heads
-
-    catch {unset pending_select}
-    $canv delete hover
-    normalline
-    cancel_next_highlight
-    if {$l < 0 || $l >= $numcommits} return
-    set y [expr {$canvy0 + $l * $linespc}]
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    set ytop [expr {$y - $linespc - 1}]
-    set ybot [expr {$y + $linespc + 1}]
-    set wnow [$canv yview]
-    set wtop [expr {[lindex $wnow 0] * $ymax}]
-    set wbot [expr {[lindex $wnow 1] * $ymax}]
-    set wh [expr {$wbot - $wtop}]
-    set newtop $wtop
-    if {$ytop < $wtop} {
-	if {$ybot < $wtop} {
-	    set newtop [expr {$y - $wh / 2.0}]
-	} else {
-	    set newtop $ytop
-	    if {$newtop > $wtop - $linespc} {
-		set newtop [expr {$wtop - $linespc}]
-	    }
-	}
-    } elseif {$ybot > $wbot} {
-	if {$ytop > $wbot} {
-	    set newtop [expr {$y - $wh / 2.0}]
-	} else {
-	    set newtop [expr {$ybot - $wh}]
-	    if {$newtop < $wtop + $linespc} {
-		set newtop [expr {$wtop + $linespc}]
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    if {$newtop != $wtop} {
-	if {$newtop < 0} {
-	    set newtop 0
-	}
-	allcanvs yview moveto [expr {$newtop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
-	drawvisible
-    }
-
-    if {![info exists linehtag($l)]} return
-    $canv delete secsel
-    set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($l)] -outline {{}} \
-	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv cget -selectbackground]]
-    $canv lower $t
-    $canv2 delete secsel
-    set t [eval $canv2 create rect [$canv2 bbox $linentag($l)] -outline {{}} \
-	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv2 cget -selectbackground]]
-    $canv2 lower $t
-    $canv3 delete secsel
-    set t [eval $canv3 create rect [$canv3 bbox $linedtag($l)] -outline {{}} \
-	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv3 cget -selectbackground]]
-    $canv3 lower $t
-
-    if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list selectline $l 0]
-    }
-
-    set selectedline $l
-
-    set id [lindex $displayorder $l]
-    set currentid $id
-    $sha1entry delete 0 end
-    $sha1entry insert 0 $id
-    $sha1entry selection from 0
-    $sha1entry selection to end
-    rhighlight_sel $id
-
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    clear_ctext
-    set linknum 0
-    set info $commitinfo($id)
-    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
-    $ctext insert end "Author: [lindex $info 1]  $date\n"
-    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 4]]
-    $ctext insert end "Committer: [lindex $info 3]  $date\n"
-    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
-	$ctext insert end "Tags:"
-	foreach tag $idtags($id) {
-	    $ctext insert end " $tag"
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "\n"
-    }
-
-    set headers {}
-    set olds [lindex $parentlist $l]
-    if {[llength $olds] > 1} {
-	set np 0
-	foreach p $olds {
-	    if {$np >= $mergemax} {
-		set tag mmax
-	    } else {
-		set tag m$np
-	    }
-	    $ctext insert end "Parent: " $tag
-	    appendwithlinks [commit_descriptor $p] {}
-	    incr np
-	}
-    } else {
-	foreach p $olds {
-	    append headers "Parent: [commit_descriptor $p]"
-	}
-    }
-
-    foreach c [lindex $childlist $l] {
-	append headers "Child:  [commit_descriptor $c]"
-    }
-
-    # make anything that looks like a SHA1 ID be a clickable link
-    appendwithlinks $headers {}
-    if {$showneartags} {
-	if {![info exists allcommits]} {
-	    getallcommits
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "Branch: "
-	$ctext mark set branch "end -1c"
-	$ctext mark gravity branch left
-	if {[info exists desc_heads($id)]} {
-	    if {[appendrefs branch $desc_heads($id) headids] > 1} {
-		# turn "Branch" into "Branches"
-		$ctext insert "branch -2c" "es"
-	    }
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "\nFollows: "
-	$ctext mark set follows "end -1c"
-	$ctext mark gravity follows left
-	if {[info exists anc_tags($id)]} {
-	    appendrefs follows [taglist $anc_tags($id)] tagids
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "\nPrecedes: "
-	$ctext mark set precedes "end -1c"
-	$ctext mark gravity precedes left
-	if {[info exists desc_tags($id)]} {
-	    appendrefs precedes [taglist $desc_tags($id)] tagids
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "\n"
-    }
-    $ctext insert end "\n"
-    appendwithlinks [lindex $info 5] {comment}
-
-    $ctext tag delete Comments
-    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    set commentend [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
-
-    init_flist "Comments"
-    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
-	gettree $id
-    } elseif {[llength $olds] <= 1} {
-	startdiff $id
-    } else {
-	mergediff $id $l
-    }
-}
-
-proc selfirstline {} {
-    unmarkmatches
-    selectline 0 1
-}
-
-proc sellastline {} {
-    global numcommits
-    unmarkmatches
-    set l [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
-    selectline $l 1
-}
-
-proc selnextline {dir} {
-    global selectedline
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    set l [expr {$selectedline + $dir}]
-    unmarkmatches
-    selectline $l 1
-}
-
-proc selnextpage {dir} {
-    global canv linespc selectedline numcommits
-
-    set lpp [expr {([winfo height $canv] - 2) / $linespc}]
-    if {$lpp < 1} {
-	set lpp 1
-    }
-    allcanvs yview scroll [expr {$dir * $lpp}] units
-    drawvisible
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    set l [expr {$selectedline + $dir * $lpp}]
-    if {$l < 0} {
-	set l 0
-    } elseif {$l >= $numcommits} {
-        set l [expr $numcommits - 1]
-    }
-    unmarkmatches
-    selectline $l 1
-}
-
-proc unselectline {} {
-    global selectedline currentid
-
-    catch {unset selectedline}
-    catch {unset currentid}
-    allcanvs delete secsel
-    rhighlight_none
-    cancel_next_highlight
-}
-
-proc reselectline {} {
-    global selectedline
-
-    if {[info exists selectedline]} {
-	selectline $selectedline 0
-    }
-}
-
-proc addtohistory {cmd} {
-    global history historyindex curview
-
-    set elt [list $curview $cmd]
-    if {$historyindex > 0
-	&& [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]] == $elt} {
-	return
-    }
-
-    if {$historyindex < [llength $history]} {
-	set history [lreplace $history $historyindex end $elt]
-    } else {
-	lappend history $elt
-    }
-    incr historyindex
-    if {$historyindex > 1} {
-	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state normal
-    } else {
-	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state disabled
-    }
-    .tf.bar.rightbut conf -state disabled
-}
-
-proc godo {elt} {
-    global curview
-
-    set view [lindex $elt 0]
-    set cmd [lindex $elt 1]
-    if {$curview != $view} {
-	showview $view
-    }
-    eval $cmd
-}
-
-proc goback {} {
-    global history historyindex
-
-    if {$historyindex > 1} {
-	incr historyindex -1
-	godo [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]]
-	.tf.bar.rightbut conf -state normal
-    }
-    if {$historyindex <= 1} {
-	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state disabled
-    }
-}
-
-proc goforw {} {
-    global history historyindex
-
-    if {$historyindex < [llength $history]} {
-	set cmd [lindex $history $historyindex]
-	incr historyindex
-	godo $cmd
-	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state normal
-    }
-    if {$historyindex >= [llength $history]} {
-	.tf.bar.rightbut conf -state disabled
-    }
-}
-
-proc gettree {id} {
-    global treefilelist treeidlist diffids diffmergeid treepending
-
-    set diffids $id
-    catch {unset diffmergeid}
-    if {![info exists treefilelist($id)]} {
-	if {![info exists treepending]} {
-	    if {[catch {set gtf [open [concat | git ls-tree -r $id] r]}]} {
-		return
-	    }
-	    set treepending $id
-	    set treefilelist($id) {}
-	    set treeidlist($id) {}
-	    fconfigure $gtf -blocking 0
-	    fileevent $gtf readable [list gettreeline $gtf $id]
-	}
-    } else {
-	setfilelist $id
-    }
-}
-
-proc gettreeline {gtf id} {
-    global treefilelist treeidlist treepending cmitmode diffids
-
-    while {[gets $gtf line] >= 0} {
-	if {[lindex $line 1] ne "blob"} continue
-	set sha1 [lindex $line 2]
-	set fname [lindex $line 3]
-	lappend treefilelist($id) $fname
-	lappend treeidlist($id) $sha1
-    }
-    if {![eof $gtf]} return
-    close $gtf
-    unset treepending
-    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} {
-	if {![info exists diffmergeid]} {
-	    gettreediffs $diffids
-	}
-    } elseif {$id ne $diffids} {
-	gettree $diffids
-    } else {
-	setfilelist $id
-    }
-}
-
-proc showfile {f} {
-    global treefilelist treeidlist diffids
-    global ctext commentend
-
-    set i [lsearch -exact $treefilelist($diffids) $f]
-    if {$i < 0} {
-	puts "oops, $f not in list for id $diffids"
-	return
-    }
-    set blob [lindex $treeidlist($diffids) $i]
-    if {[catch {set bf [open [concat | git cat-file blob $blob] r]} err]} {
-	puts "oops, error reading blob $blob: $err"
-	return
-    }
-    fconfigure $bf -blocking 0
-    fileevent $bf readable [list getblobline $bf $diffids]
-    $ctext config -state normal
-    clear_ctext $commentend
-    $ctext insert end "\n"
-    $ctext insert end "$f\n" filesep
-    $ctext config -state disabled
-    $ctext yview $commentend
-}
-
-proc getblobline {bf id} {
-    global diffids cmitmode ctext
-
-    if {$id ne $diffids || $cmitmode ne "tree"} {
-	catch {close $bf}
-	return
-    }
-    $ctext config -state normal
-    while {[gets $bf line] >= 0} {
-	$ctext insert end "$line\n"
-    }
-    if {[eof $bf]} {
-	# delete last newline
-	$ctext delete "end - 2c" "end - 1c"
-	close $bf
-    }
-    $ctext config -state disabled
-}
-
-proc mergediff {id l} {
-    global diffmergeid diffopts mdifffd
-    global diffids
-    global parentlist
-
-    set diffmergeid $id
-    set diffids $id
-    # this doesn't seem to actually affect anything...
-    set env(GIT_DIFF_OPTS) $diffopts
-    set cmd [concat | git diff-tree --no-commit-id --cc $id]
-    if {[catch {set mdf [open $cmd r]} err]} {
-	error_popup "Error getting merge diffs: $err"
-	return
-    }
-    fconfigure $mdf -blocking 0
-    set mdifffd($id) $mdf
-    set np [llength [lindex $parentlist $l]]
-    fileevent $mdf readable [list getmergediffline $mdf $id $np]
-    set nextupdate [expr {[clock clicks -milliseconds] + 100}]
-}
-
-proc getmergediffline {mdf id np} {
-    global diffmergeid ctext cflist nextupdate mergemax
-    global difffilestart mdifffd
-
-    set n [gets $mdf line]
-    if {$n < 0} {
-	if {[eof $mdf]} {
-	    close $mdf
-	}
-	return
-    }
-    if {![info exists diffmergeid] || $id != $diffmergeid
-	|| $mdf != $mdifffd($id)} {
-	return
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    if {[regexp {^diff --cc (.*)} $line match fname]} {
-	# start of a new file
-	$ctext insert end "\n"
-	set here [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
-	lappend difffilestart $here
-	add_flist [list $fname]
-	set l [expr {(78 - [string length $fname]) / 2}]
-	set pad [string range "----------------------------------------" 1 $l]
-	$ctext insert end "$pad $fname $pad\n" filesep
-    } elseif {[regexp {^@@} $line]} {
-	$ctext insert end "$line\n" hunksep
-    } elseif {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{40}$} $line] || [regexp {^index} $line]} {
-	# do nothing
-    } else {
-	# parse the prefix - one ' ', '-' or '+' for each parent
-	set spaces {}
-	set minuses {}
-	set pluses {}
-	set isbad 0
-	for {set j 0} {$j < $np} {incr j} {
-	    set c [string range $line $j $j]
-	    if {$c == " "} {
-		lappend spaces $j
-	    } elseif {$c == "-"} {
-		lappend minuses $j
-	    } elseif {$c == "+"} {
-		lappend pluses $j
-	    } else {
-		set isbad 1
-		break
-	    }
-	}
-	set tags {}
-	set num {}
-	if {!$isbad && $minuses ne {} && $pluses eq {}} {
-	    # line doesn't appear in result, parents in $minuses have the line
-	    set num [lindex $minuses 0]
-	} elseif {!$isbad && $pluses ne {} && $minuses eq {}} {
-	    # line appears in result, parents in $pluses don't have the line
-	    lappend tags mresult
-	    set num [lindex $spaces 0]
-	}
-	if {$num ne {}} {
-	    if {$num >= $mergemax} {
-		set num "max"
-	    }
-	    lappend tags m$num
-	}
-	$ctext insert end "$line\n" $tags
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    if {[clock clicks -milliseconds] >= $nextupdate} {
-	incr nextupdate 100
-	fileevent $mdf readable {}
-	update
-	fileevent $mdf readable [list getmergediffline $mdf $id $np]
-    }
-}
-
-proc startdiff {ids} {
-    global treediffs diffids treepending diffmergeid
-
-    set diffids $ids
-    catch {unset diffmergeid}
-    if {![info exists treediffs($ids)]} {
-	if {![info exists treepending]} {
-	    gettreediffs $ids
-	}
-    } else {
-	addtocflist $ids
-    }
-}
-
-proc addtocflist {ids} {
-    global treediffs cflist
-    add_flist $treediffs($ids)
-    getblobdiffs $ids
-}
-
-proc gettreediffs {ids} {
-    global treediff treepending
-    set treepending $ids
-    set treediff {}
-    if {[catch \
-	 {set gdtf [open [concat | git diff-tree --no-commit-id -r $ids] r]} \
-	]} return
-    fconfigure $gdtf -blocking 0
-    fileevent $gdtf readable [list gettreediffline $gdtf $ids]
-}
-
-proc gettreediffline {gdtf ids} {
-    global treediff treediffs treepending diffids diffmergeid
-    global cmitmode
-
-    set n [gets $gdtf line]
-    if {$n < 0} {
-	if {![eof $gdtf]} return
-	close $gdtf
-	set treediffs($ids) $treediff
-	unset treepending
-	if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
-	    gettree $diffids
-	} elseif {$ids != $diffids} {
-	    if {![info exists diffmergeid]} {
-		gettreediffs $diffids
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    addtocflist $ids
-	}
-	return
-    }
-    set file [lindex $line 5]
-    lappend treediff $file
-}
-
-proc getblobdiffs {ids} {
-    global diffopts blobdifffd diffids env curdifftag curtagstart
-    global nextupdate diffinhdr treediffs
-
-    set env(GIT_DIFF_OPTS) $diffopts
-    set cmd [concat | git diff-tree --no-commit-id -r -p -C $ids]
-    if {[catch {set bdf [open $cmd r]} err]} {
-	puts "error getting diffs: $err"
-	return
-    }
-    set diffinhdr 0
-    fconfigure $bdf -blocking 0
-    set blobdifffd($ids) $bdf
-    set curdifftag Comments
-    set curtagstart 0.0
-    fileevent $bdf readable [list getblobdiffline $bdf $diffids]
-    set nextupdate [expr {[clock clicks -milliseconds] + 100}]
-}
-
-proc setinlist {var i val} {
-    global $var
-
-    while {[llength [set $var]] < $i} {
-	lappend $var {}
-    }
-    if {[llength [set $var]] == $i} {
-	lappend $var $val
-    } else {
-	lset $var $i $val
-    }
-}
-
-proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
-    global diffids blobdifffd ctext curdifftag curtagstart
-    global diffnexthead diffnextnote difffilestart
-    global nextupdate diffinhdr treediffs
-
-    set n [gets $bdf line]
-    if {$n < 0} {
-	if {[eof $bdf]} {
-	    close $bdf
-	    if {$ids == $diffids && $bdf == $blobdifffd($ids)} {
-		$ctext tag add $curdifftag $curtagstart end
-	    }
-	}
-	return
-    }
-    if {$ids != $diffids || $bdf != $blobdifffd($ids)} {
-	return
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    if {[regexp {^diff --git a/(.*) b/(.*)} $line match fname newname]} {
-	# start of a new file
-	$ctext insert end "\n"
-	$ctext tag add $curdifftag $curtagstart end
-	set here [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
-	set curtagstart $here
-	set header $newname
-	set i [lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $fname]
-	if {$i >= 0} {
-	    setinlist difffilestart $i $here
-	}
-	if {$newname ne $fname} {
-	    set i [lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $newname]
-	    if {$i >= 0} {
-		setinlist difffilestart $i $here
-	    }
-	}
-	set curdifftag "f:$fname"
-	$ctext tag delete $curdifftag
-	set l [expr {(78 - [string length $header]) / 2}]
-	set pad [string range "----------------------------------------" 1 $l]
-	$ctext insert end "$pad $header $pad\n" filesep
-	set diffinhdr 1
-    } elseif {$diffinhdr && [string compare -length 3 $line "---"] == 0} {
-	# do nothing
-    } elseif {$diffinhdr && [string compare -length 3 $line "+++"] == 0} {
-	set diffinhdr 0
-    } elseif {[regexp {^@@ -([0-9]+),([0-9]+) \+([0-9]+),([0-9]+) @@(.*)} \
-		   $line match f1l f1c f2l f2c rest]} {
-	$ctext insert end "$line\n" hunksep
-	set diffinhdr 0
-    } else {
-	set x [string range $line 0 0]
-	if {$x == "-" || $x == "+"} {
-	    set tag [expr {$x == "+"}]
-	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" d$tag
-	} elseif {$x == " "} {
-	    $ctext insert end "$line\n"
-	} elseif {$diffinhdr || $x == "\\"} {
-	    # e.g. "\ No newline at end of file"
-	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" filesep
-	} else {
-	    # Something else we don't recognize
-	    if {$curdifftag != "Comments"} {
-		$ctext insert end "\n"
-		$ctext tag add $curdifftag $curtagstart end
-		set curtagstart [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
-		set curdifftag Comments
-	    }
-	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" filesep
-	}
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    if {[clock clicks -milliseconds] >= $nextupdate} {
-	incr nextupdate 100
-	fileevent $bdf readable {}
-	update
-	fileevent $bdf readable "getblobdiffline $bdf {$ids}"
-    }
-}
-
-proc prevfile {} {
-    global difffilestart ctext
-    set prev [lindex $difffilestart 0]
-    set here [$ctext index @0,0]
-    foreach loc $difffilestart {
-	if {[$ctext compare $loc >= $here]} {
-	    $ctext yview $prev
-	    return
-	}
-	set prev $loc
-    }
-    $ctext yview $prev
-}
-
-proc nextfile {} {
-    global difffilestart ctext
-    set here [$ctext index @0,0]
-    foreach loc $difffilestart {
-	if {[$ctext compare $loc > $here]} {
-	    $ctext yview $loc
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc clear_ctext {{first 1.0}} {
-    global ctext smarktop smarkbot
-
-    set l [lindex [split $first .] 0]
-    if {![info exists smarktop] || [$ctext compare $first < $smarktop.0]} {
-	set smarktop $l
-    }
-    if {![info exists smarkbot] || [$ctext compare $first < $smarkbot.0]} {
-	set smarkbot $l
-    }
-    $ctext delete $first end
-}
-
-proc incrsearch {name ix op} {
-    global ctext searchstring searchdirn
-
-    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
-    if {[catch {$ctext index anchor}]} {
-	# no anchor set, use start of selection, or of visible area
-	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
-	if {$sel ne {}} {
-	    $ctext mark set anchor [lindex $sel 0]
-	} elseif {$searchdirn eq "-forwards"} {
-	    $ctext mark set anchor @0,0
-	} else {
-	    $ctext mark set anchor @0,[winfo height $ctext]
-	}
-    }
-    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	set here [$ctext search $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
-	if {$here ne {}} {
-	    $ctext see $here
-	}
-	searchmarkvisible 1
-    }
-}
-
-proc dosearch {} {
-    global sstring ctext searchstring searchdirn
-
-    focus $sstring
-    $sstring icursor end
-    set searchdirn -forwards
-    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
-	if {$sel ne {}} {
-	    set start "[lindex $sel 0] + 1c"
-	} elseif {[catch {set start [$ctext index anchor]}]} {
-	    set start "@0,0"
-	}
-	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $start]
-	$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
-	if {$match eq {}} {
-	    bell
-	    return
-	}
-	$ctext see $match
-	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
-	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
-	$ctext mark unset anchor
-    }
-}
-
-proc dosearchback {} {
-    global sstring ctext searchstring searchdirn
-
-    focus $sstring
-    $sstring icursor end
-    set searchdirn -backwards
-    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
-	if {$sel ne {}} {
-	    set start [lindex $sel 0]
-	} elseif {[catch {set start [$ctext index anchor]}]} {
-	    set start @0,[winfo height $ctext]
-	}
-	set match [$ctext search -backwards -count ml -- $searchstring $start]
-	$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
-	if {$match eq {}} {
-	    bell
-	    return
-	}
-	$ctext see $match
-	set mend "$match + $ml c"
-	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
-	$ctext mark unset anchor
-    }
-}
-
-proc searchmark {first last} {
-    global ctext searchstring
-
-    set mend $first.0
-    while {1} {
-	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $mend $last.end]
-	if {$match eq {}} break
-	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
-	$ctext tag add found $match $mend
-    }
-}
-
-proc searchmarkvisible {doall} {
-    global ctext smarktop smarkbot
-
-    set topline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,0] .] 0]
-    set botline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,[winfo height $ctext]] .] 0]
-    if {$doall || $botline < $smarktop || $topline > $smarkbot} {
-	# no overlap with previous
-	searchmark $topline $botline
-	set smarktop $topline
-	set smarkbot $botline
-    } else {
-	if {$topline < $smarktop} {
-	    searchmark $topline [expr {$smarktop-1}]
-	    set smarktop $topline
-	}
-	if {$botline > $smarkbot} {
-	    searchmark [expr {$smarkbot+1}] $botline
-	    set smarkbot $botline
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc scrolltext {f0 f1} {
-    global searchstring
-
-    .bleft.sb set $f0 $f1
-    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	searchmarkvisible 0
-    }
-}
-
-proc setcoords {} {
-    global linespc charspc canvx0 canvy0 mainfont
-    global xspc1 xspc2 lthickness
-
-    set linespc [font metrics $mainfont -linespace]
-    set charspc [font measure $mainfont "m"]
-    set canvy0 [expr {int(3 + 0.5 * $linespc)}]
-    set canvx0 [expr {int(3 + 0.5 * $linespc)}]
-    set lthickness [expr {int($linespc / 9) + 1}]
-    set xspc1(0) $linespc
-    set xspc2 $linespc
-}
-
-proc redisplay {} {
-    global canv
-    global selectedline
-
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0} return
-    set span [$canv yview]
-    clear_display
-    setcanvscroll
-    allcanvs yview moveto [lindex $span 0]
-    drawvisible
-    if {[info exists selectedline]} {
-	selectline $selectedline 0
-	allcanvs yview moveto [lindex $span 0]
-    }
-}
-
-proc incrfont {inc} {
-    global mainfont textfont ctext canv phase
-    global stopped entries
-    unmarkmatches
-    set mainfont [lreplace $mainfont 1 1 [expr {[lindex $mainfont 1] + $inc}]]
-    set textfont [lreplace $textfont 1 1 [expr {[lindex $textfont 1] + $inc}]]
-    setcoords
-    $ctext conf -font $textfont
-    $ctext tag conf filesep -font [concat $textfont bold]
-    foreach e $entries {
-	$e conf -font $mainfont
-    }
-    if {$phase eq "getcommits"} {
-	$canv itemconf textitems -font $mainfont
-    }
-    redisplay
-}
-
-proc clearsha1 {} {
-    global sha1entry sha1string
-    if {[string length $sha1string] == 40} {
-	$sha1entry delete 0 end
-    }
-}
-
-proc sha1change {n1 n2 op} {
-    global sha1string currentid sha1but
-    if {$sha1string == {}
-	|| ([info exists currentid] && $sha1string == $currentid)} {
-	set state disabled
-    } else {
-	set state normal
-    }
-    if {[$sha1but cget -state] == $state} return
-    if {$state == "normal"} {
-	$sha1but conf -state normal -relief raised -text "Goto: "
-    } else {
-	$sha1but conf -state disabled -relief flat -text "SHA1 ID: "
-    }
-}
-
-proc gotocommit {} {
-    global sha1string currentid commitrow tagids headids
-    global displayorder numcommits curview
-
-    if {$sha1string == {}
-	|| ([info exists currentid] && $sha1string == $currentid)} return
-    if {[info exists tagids($sha1string)]} {
-	set id $tagids($sha1string)
-    } elseif {[info exists headids($sha1string)]} {
-	set id $headids($sha1string)
-    } else {
-	set id [string tolower $sha1string]
-	if {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{4,39}$} $id]} {
-	    set matches {}
-	    foreach i $displayorder {
-		if {[string match $id* $i]} {
-		    lappend matches $i
-		}
-	    }
-	    if {$matches ne {}} {
-		if {[llength $matches] > 1} {
-		    error_popup "Short SHA1 id $id is ambiguous"
-		    return
-		}
-		set id [lindex $matches 0]
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-	selectline $commitrow($curview,$id) 1
-	return
-    }
-    if {[regexp {^[0-9a-fA-F]{4,}$} $sha1string]} {
-	set type "SHA1 id"
-    } else {
-	set type "Tag/Head"
-    }
-    error_popup "$type $sha1string is not known"
-}
-
-proc lineenter {x y id} {
-    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
-    global commitinfo canv
-
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)] && ![getcommit $id]} return
-    set hoverx $x
-    set hovery $y
-    set hoverid $id
-    if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
-	after cancel $hovertimer
-    }
-    set hovertimer [after 500 linehover]
-    $canv delete hover
-}
-
-proc linemotion {x y id} {
-    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
-
-    if {[info exists hoverid] && $id == $hoverid} {
-	set hoverx $x
-	set hovery $y
-	if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
-	    after cancel $hovertimer
-	}
-	set hovertimer [after 500 linehover]
-    }
-}
-
-proc lineleave {id} {
-    global hoverid hovertimer canv
-
-    if {[info exists hoverid] && $id == $hoverid} {
-	$canv delete hover
-	if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
-	    after cancel $hovertimer
-	    unset hovertimer
-	}
-	unset hoverid
-    }
-}
-
-proc linehover {} {
-    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
-    global canv linespc lthickness
-    global commitinfo mainfont
-
-    set text [lindex $commitinfo($hoverid) 0]
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax == {}} return
-    set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
-    set x [expr {$hoverx + 2 * $linespc}]
-    set y [expr {$hovery + $yfrac * $ymax - $linespc / 2}]
-    set x0 [expr {$x - 2 * $lthickness}]
-    set y0 [expr {$y - 2 * $lthickness}]
-    set x1 [expr {$x + [font measure $mainfont $text] + 2 * $lthickness}]
-    set y1 [expr {$y + $linespc + 2 * $lthickness}]
-    set t [$canv create rectangle $x0 $y0 $x1 $y1 \
-	       -fill \#ffff80 -outline black -width 1 -tags hover]
-    $canv raise $t
-    set t [$canv create text $x $y -anchor nw -text $text -tags hover \
-	       -font $mainfont]
-    $canv raise $t
-}
-
-proc clickisonarrow {id y} {
-    global lthickness
-
-    set ranges [rowranges $id]
-    set thresh [expr {2 * $lthickness + 6}]
-    set n [expr {[llength $ranges] - 1}]
-    for {set i 1} {$i < $n} {incr i} {
-	set row [lindex $ranges $i]
-	if {abs([yc $row] - $y) < $thresh} {
-	    return $i
-	}
-    }
-    return {}
-}
-
-proc arrowjump {id n y} {
-    global canv
-
-    # 1 <-> 2, 3 <-> 4, etc...
-    set n [expr {(($n - 1) ^ 1) + 1}]
-    set row [lindex [rowranges $id] $n]
-    set yt [yc $row]
-    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax <= 0} return
-    set view [$canv yview]
-    set yspan [expr {[lindex $view 1] - [lindex $view 0]}]
-    set yfrac [expr {$yt / $ymax - $yspan / 2}]
-    if {$yfrac < 0} {
-	set yfrac 0
-    }
-    allcanvs yview moveto $yfrac
-}
-
-proc lineclick {x y id isnew} {
-    global ctext commitinfo children canv thickerline curview
-
-    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)] && ![getcommit $id]} return
-    unmarkmatches
-    unselectline
-    normalline
-    $canv delete hover
-    # draw this line thicker than normal
-    set thickerline $id
-    drawlines $id
-    if {$isnew} {
-	set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
-	if {$ymax eq {}} return
-	set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
-	set y [expr {$y + $yfrac * $ymax}]
-    }
-    set dirn [clickisonarrow $id $y]
-    if {$dirn ne {}} {
-	arrowjump $id $dirn $y
-	return
-    }
-
-    if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list lineclick $x $y $id 0]
-    }
-    # fill the details pane with info about this line
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    clear_ctext
-    $ctext tag conf link -foreground blue -underline 1
-    $ctext tag bind link <Enter> { %W configure -cursor hand2 }
-    $ctext tag bind link <Leave> { %W configure -cursor $curtextcursor }
-    $ctext insert end "Parent:\t"
-    $ctext insert end $id [list link link0]
-    $ctext tag bind link0 <1> [list selbyid $id]
-    set info $commitinfo($id)
-    $ctext insert end "\n\t[lindex $info 0]\n"
-    $ctext insert end "\tAuthor:\t[lindex $info 1]\n"
-    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
-    $ctext insert end "\tDate:\t$date\n"
-    set kids $children($curview,$id)
-    if {$kids ne {}} {
-	$ctext insert end "\nChildren:"
-	set i 0
-	foreach child $kids {
-	    incr i
-	    if {![info exists commitinfo($child)] && ![getcommit $child]} continue
-	    set info $commitinfo($child)
-	    $ctext insert end "\n\t"
-	    $ctext insert end $child [list link link$i]
-	    $ctext tag bind link$i <1> [list selbyid $child]
-	    $ctext insert end "\n\t[lindex $info 0]"
-	    $ctext insert end "\n\tAuthor:\t[lindex $info 1]"
-	    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
-	    $ctext insert end "\n\tDate:\t$date\n"
-	}
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    init_flist {}
-}
-
-proc normalline {} {
-    global thickerline
-    if {[info exists thickerline]} {
-	set id $thickerline
-	unset thickerline
-	drawlines $id
-    }
-}
-
-proc selbyid {id} {
-    global commitrow curview
-    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} {
-	selectline $commitrow($curview,$id) 1
-    }
-}
-
-proc mstime {} {
-    global startmstime
-    if {![info exists startmstime]} {
-	set startmstime [clock clicks -milliseconds]
-    }
-    return [format "%.3f" [expr {([clock click -milliseconds] - $startmstime) / 1000.0}]]
-}
-
-proc rowmenu {x y id} {
-    global rowctxmenu commitrow selectedline rowmenuid curview
-
-    if {![info exists selectedline]
-	|| $commitrow($curview,$id) eq $selectedline} {
-	set state disabled
-    } else {
-	set state normal
-    }
-    $rowctxmenu entryconfigure "Diff this*" -state $state
-    $rowctxmenu entryconfigure "Diff selected*" -state $state
-    $rowctxmenu entryconfigure "Make patch" -state $state
-    set rowmenuid $id
-    tk_popup $rowctxmenu $x $y
-}
-
-proc diffvssel {dirn} {
-    global rowmenuid selectedline displayorder
-
-    if {![info exists selectedline]} return
-    if {$dirn} {
-	set oldid [lindex $displayorder $selectedline]
-	set newid $rowmenuid
-    } else {
-	set oldid $rowmenuid
-	set newid [lindex $displayorder $selectedline]
-    }
-    addtohistory [list doseldiff $oldid $newid]
-    doseldiff $oldid $newid
-}
-
-proc doseldiff {oldid newid} {
-    global ctext
-    global commitinfo
-
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    clear_ctext
-    init_flist "Top"
-    $ctext insert end "From "
-    $ctext tag conf link -foreground blue -underline 1
-    $ctext tag bind link <Enter> { %W configure -cursor hand2 }
-    $ctext tag bind link <Leave> { %W configure -cursor $curtextcursor }
-    $ctext tag bind link0 <1> [list selbyid $oldid]
-    $ctext insert end $oldid [list link link0]
-    $ctext insert end "\n     "
-    $ctext insert end [lindex $commitinfo($oldid) 0]
-    $ctext insert end "\n\nTo   "
-    $ctext tag bind link1 <1> [list selbyid $newid]
-    $ctext insert end $newid [list link link1]
-    $ctext insert end "\n     "
-    $ctext insert end [lindex $commitinfo($newid) 0]
-    $ctext insert end "\n"
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    $ctext tag delete Comments
-    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
-    startdiff [list $oldid $newid]
-}
-
-proc mkpatch {} {
-    global rowmenuid currentid commitinfo patchtop patchnum
-
-    if {![info exists currentid]} return
-    set oldid $currentid
-    set oldhead [lindex $commitinfo($oldid) 0]
-    set newid $rowmenuid
-    set newhead [lindex $commitinfo($newid) 0]
-    set top .patch
-    set patchtop $top
-    catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
-    label $top.title -text "Generate patch"
-    grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.from -text "From:"
-    entry $top.fromsha1 -width 40 -relief flat
-    $top.fromsha1 insert 0 $oldid
-    $top.fromsha1 conf -state readonly
-    grid $top.from $top.fromsha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.fromhead -width 60 -relief flat
-    $top.fromhead insert 0 $oldhead
-    $top.fromhead conf -state readonly
-    grid x $top.fromhead -sticky w
-    label $top.to -text "To:"
-    entry $top.tosha1 -width 40 -relief flat
-    $top.tosha1 insert 0 $newid
-    $top.tosha1 conf -state readonly
-    grid $top.to $top.tosha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.tohead -width 60 -relief flat
-    $top.tohead insert 0 $newhead
-    $top.tohead conf -state readonly
-    grid x $top.tohead -sticky w
-    button $top.rev -text "Reverse" -command mkpatchrev -padx 5
-    grid $top.rev x -pady 10
-    label $top.flab -text "Output file:"
-    entry $top.fname -width 60
-    $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "patch$patchnum.patch"]
-    incr patchnum
-    grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text "Generate" -command mkpatchgo
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command mkpatchcan
-    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-    focus $top.fname
-}
-
-proc mkpatchrev {} {
-    global patchtop
-
-    set oldid [$patchtop.fromsha1 get]
-    set oldhead [$patchtop.fromhead get]
-    set newid [$patchtop.tosha1 get]
-    set newhead [$patchtop.tohead get]
-    foreach e [list fromsha1 fromhead tosha1 tohead] \
-	    v [list $newid $newhead $oldid $oldhead] {
-	$patchtop.$e conf -state normal
-	$patchtop.$e delete 0 end
-	$patchtop.$e insert 0 $v
-	$patchtop.$e conf -state readonly
-    }
-}
-
-proc mkpatchgo {} {
-    global patchtop
-
-    set oldid [$patchtop.fromsha1 get]
-    set newid [$patchtop.tosha1 get]
-    set fname [$patchtop.fname get]
-    if {[catch {exec git diff-tree -p $oldid $newid >$fname &} err]} {
-	error_popup "Error creating patch: $err"
-    }
-    catch {destroy $patchtop}
-    unset patchtop
-}
-
-proc mkpatchcan {} {
-    global patchtop
-
-    catch {destroy $patchtop}
-    unset patchtop
-}
-
-proc mktag {} {
-    global rowmenuid mktagtop commitinfo
-
-    set top .maketag
-    set mktagtop $top
-    catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
-    label $top.title -text "Create tag"
-    grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text "ID:"
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
-    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
-    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
-    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
-    $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
-    $top.head conf -state readonly
-    grid x $top.head -sticky w
-    label $top.tlab -text "Tag name:"
-    entry $top.tag -width 60
-    grid $top.tlab $top.tag -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text "Create" -command mktaggo
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command mktagcan
-    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-    focus $top.tag
-}
-
-proc domktag {} {
-    global mktagtop env tagids idtags
-
-    set id [$mktagtop.sha1 get]
-    set tag [$mktagtop.tag get]
-    if {$tag == {}} {
-	error_popup "No tag name specified"
-	return
-    }
-    if {[info exists tagids($tag)]} {
-	error_popup "Tag \"$tag\" already exists"
-	return
-    }
-    if {[catch {
-	set dir [gitdir]
-	set fname [file join $dir "refs/tags" $tag]
-	set f [open $fname w]
-	puts $f $id
-	close $f
-    } err]} {
-	error_popup "Error creating tag: $err"
-	return
-    }
-
-    set tagids($tag) $id
-    lappend idtags($id) $tag
-    redrawtags $id
-    addedtag $id
-}
-
-proc redrawtags {id} {
-    global canv linehtag commitrow idpos selectedline curview
-    global mainfont canvxmax
-
-    if {![info exists commitrow($curview,$id)]} return
-    drawcmitrow $commitrow($curview,$id)
-    $canv delete tag.$id
-    set xt [eval drawtags $id $idpos($id)]
-    $canv coords $linehtag($commitrow($curview,$id)) $xt [lindex $idpos($id) 2]
-    set text [$canv itemcget $linehtag($commitrow($curview,$id)) -text]
-    set xr [expr {$xt + [font measure $mainfont $text]}]
-    if {$xr > $canvxmax} {
-	set canvxmax $xr
-	setcanvscroll
-    }
-    if {[info exists selectedline]
-	&& $selectedline == $commitrow($curview,$id)} {
-	selectline $selectedline 0
-    }
-}
-
-proc mktagcan {} {
-    global mktagtop
-
-    catch {destroy $mktagtop}
-    unset mktagtop
-}
-
-proc mktaggo {} {
-    domktag
-    mktagcan
-}
-
-proc writecommit {} {
-    global rowmenuid wrcomtop commitinfo wrcomcmd
-
-    set top .writecommit
-    set wrcomtop $top
-    catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
-    label $top.title -text "Write commit to file"
-    grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text "ID:"
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
-    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
-    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
-    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
-    $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
-    $top.head conf -state readonly
-    grid x $top.head -sticky w
-    label $top.clab -text "Command:"
-    entry $top.cmd -width 60 -textvariable wrcomcmd
-    grid $top.clab $top.cmd -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.flab -text "Output file:"
-    entry $top.fname -width 60
-    $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "commit-[string range $rowmenuid 0 6]"]
-    grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text "Write" -command wrcomgo
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command wrcomcan
-    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-    focus $top.fname
-}
-
-proc wrcomgo {} {
-    global wrcomtop
-
-    set id [$wrcomtop.sha1 get]
-    set cmd "echo $id | [$wrcomtop.cmd get]"
-    set fname [$wrcomtop.fname get]
-    if {[catch {exec sh -c $cmd >$fname &} err]} {
-	error_popup "Error writing commit: $err"
-    }
-    catch {destroy $wrcomtop}
-    unset wrcomtop
-}
-
-proc wrcomcan {} {
-    global wrcomtop
-
-    catch {destroy $wrcomtop}
-    unset wrcomtop
-}
-
-proc mkbranch {} {
-    global rowmenuid mkbrtop
-
-    set top .makebranch
-    catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
-    label $top.title -text "Create new branch"
-    grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text "ID:"
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
-    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
-    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
-    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    label $top.nlab -text "Name:"
-    entry $top.name -width 40
-    grid $top.nlab $top.name -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.go -text "Create" -command [list mkbrgo $top]
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command "catch {destroy $top}"
-    grid $top.buts.go $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-    focus $top.name
-}
-
-proc mkbrgo {top} {
-    global headids idheads
-
-    set name [$top.name get]
-    set id [$top.sha1 get]
-    if {$name eq {}} {
-	error_popup "Please specify a name for the new branch"
-	return
-    }
-    catch {destroy $top}
-    nowbusy newbranch
-    update
-    if {[catch {
-	exec git branch $name $id
-    } err]} {
-	notbusy newbranch
-	error_popup $err
-    } else {
-	addedhead $id $name
-	# XXX should update list of heads displayed for selected commit
-	notbusy newbranch
-	redrawtags $id
-    }
-}
-
-proc cherrypick {} {
-    global rowmenuid curview commitrow
-    global mainhead desc_heads anc_tags desc_tags allparents allchildren
-
-    if {[info exists desc_heads($rowmenuid)]
-	&& [lsearch -exact $desc_heads($rowmenuid) $mainhead] >= 0} {
-	set ok [confirm_popup "Commit [string range $rowmenuid 0 7] is already\
-			included in branch $mainhead -- really re-apply it?"]
-	if {!$ok} return
-    }
-    nowbusy cherrypick
-    update
-    set oldhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
-    # Unfortunately git-cherry-pick writes stuff to stderr even when
-    # no error occurs, and exec takes that as an indication of error...
-    if {[catch {exec sh -c "git cherry-pick -r $rowmenuid 2>&1"} err]} {
-	notbusy cherrypick
-	error_popup $err
-	return
-    }
-    set newhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
-    if {$newhead eq $oldhead} {
-	notbusy cherrypick
-	error_popup "No changes committed"
-	return
-    }
-    set allparents($newhead) $oldhead
-    lappend allchildren($oldhead) $newhead
-    set desc_heads($newhead) $mainhead
-    if {[info exists anc_tags($oldhead)]} {
-	set anc_tags($newhead) $anc_tags($oldhead)
-    }
-    set desc_tags($newhead) {}
-    if {[info exists commitrow($curview,$oldhead)]} {
-	insertrow $commitrow($curview,$oldhead) $newhead
-	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
-	    movedhead $newhead $mainhead
-	}
-	redrawtags $oldhead
-	redrawtags $newhead
-    }
-    notbusy cherrypick
-}
-
-# context menu for a head
-proc headmenu {x y id head} {
-    global headmenuid headmenuhead headctxmenu
-
-    set headmenuid $id
-    set headmenuhead $head
-    tk_popup $headctxmenu $x $y
-}
-
-proc cobranch {} {
-    global headmenuid headmenuhead mainhead headids
-
-    # check the tree is clean first??
-    set oldmainhead $mainhead
-    nowbusy checkout
-    update
-    if {[catch {
-	exec git checkout $headmenuhead
-    } err]} {
-	notbusy checkout
-	error_popup $err
-    } else {
-	notbusy checkout
-	set mainhead $headmenuhead
-	if {[info exists headids($oldmainhead)]} {
-	    redrawtags $headids($oldmainhead)
-	}
-	redrawtags $headmenuid
-    }
-}
-
-proc rmbranch {} {
-    global desc_heads headmenuid headmenuhead mainhead
-    global headids idheads
-
-    set head $headmenuhead
-    set id $headmenuid
-    if {$head eq $mainhead} {
-	error_popup "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
-	return
-    }
-    if {$desc_heads($id) eq $head} {
-	# the stuff on this branch isn't on any other branch
-	if {![confirm_popup "The commits on branch $head aren't on any other\
-			branch.\nReally delete branch $head?"]} return
-    }
-    nowbusy rmbranch
-    update
-    if {[catch {exec git branch -D $head} err]} {
-	notbusy rmbranch
-	error_popup $err
-	return
-    }
-    removedhead $id $head
-    redrawtags $id
-    notbusy rmbranch
-}
-
-# Stuff for finding nearby tags
-proc getallcommits {} {
-    global allcstart allcommits allcfd allids
-
-    set allids {}
-    set fd [open [concat | git rev-list --all --topo-order --parents] r]
-    set allcfd $fd
-    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
-    set allcommits "reading"
-    nowbusy allcommits
-    restartgetall $fd
-}
-
-proc discardallcommits {} {
-    global allparents allchildren allcommits allcfd
-    global desc_tags anc_tags alldtags tagisdesc allids desc_heads
-
-    if {![info exists allcommits]} return
-    if {$allcommits eq "reading"} {
-	catch {close $allcfd}
-    }
-    foreach v {allcommits allchildren allparents allids desc_tags anc_tags
-		alldtags tagisdesc desc_heads} {
-	catch {unset $v}
-    }
-}
-
-proc restartgetall {fd} {
-    global allcstart
-
-    fileevent $fd readable [list getallclines $fd]
-    set allcstart [clock clicks -milliseconds]
-}
-
-proc combine_dtags {l1 l2} {
-    global tagisdesc notfirstd
-
-    set res [lsort -unique [concat $l1 $l2]]
-    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $res]} {incr i} {
-	set x [lindex $res $i]
-	for {set j [expr {$i+1}]} {$j < [llength $res]} {} {
-	    set y [lindex $res $j]
-	    if {[info exists tagisdesc($x,$y)]} {
-		if {$tagisdesc($x,$y) > 0} {
-		    # x is a descendent of y, exclude x
-		    set res [lreplace $res $i $i]
-		    incr i -1
-		    break
-		} else {
-		    # y is a descendent of x, exclude y
-		    set res [lreplace $res $j $j]
-		}
-	    } else {
-		# no relation, keep going
-		incr j
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    return $res
-}
-
-proc combine_atags {l1 l2} {
-    global tagisdesc
-
-    set res [lsort -unique [concat $l1 $l2]]
-    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $res]} {incr i} {
-	set x [lindex $res $i]
-	for {set j [expr {$i+1}]} {$j < [llength $res]} {} {
-	    set y [lindex $res $j]
-	    if {[info exists tagisdesc($x,$y)]} {
-		if {$tagisdesc($x,$y) < 0} {
-		    # x is an ancestor of y, exclude x
-		    set res [lreplace $res $i $i]
-		    incr i -1
-		    break
-		} else {
-		    # y is an ancestor of x, exclude y
-		    set res [lreplace $res $j $j]
-		}
-	    } else {
-		# no relation, keep going
-		incr j
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    return $res
-}
-
-proc forward_pass {id children} {
-    global idtags desc_tags idheads desc_heads alldtags tagisdesc
-
-    set dtags {}
-    set dheads {}
-    foreach child $children {
-	if {[info exists idtags($child)]} {
-	    set ctags [list $child]
-	} else {
-	    set ctags $desc_tags($child)
-	}
-	if {$dtags eq {}} {
-	    set dtags $ctags
-	} elseif {$ctags ne $dtags} {
-	    set dtags [combine_dtags $dtags $ctags]
-	}
-	set cheads $desc_heads($child)
-	if {$dheads eq {}} {
-	    set dheads $cheads
-	} elseif {$cheads ne $dheads} {
-	    set dheads [lsort -unique [concat $dheads $cheads]]
-	}
-    }
-    set desc_tags($id) $dtags
-    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
-	set adt $dtags
-	foreach tag $dtags {
-	    set adt [concat $adt $alldtags($tag)]
-	}
-	set adt [lsort -unique $adt]
-	set alldtags($id) $adt
-	foreach tag $adt {
-	    set tagisdesc($id,$tag) -1
-	    set tagisdesc($tag,$id) 1
-	}
-    }
-    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
-	set dheads [concat $dheads $idheads($id)]
-    }
-    set desc_heads($id) $dheads
-}
-
-proc getallclines {fd} {
-    global allparents allchildren allcommits allcstart
-    global desc_tags anc_tags idtags tagisdesc allids
-    global idheads travindex
-
-    while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-	set id [lindex $line 0]
-	lappend allids $id
-	set olds [lrange $line 1 end]
-	set allparents($id) $olds
-	if {![info exists allchildren($id)]} {
-	    set allchildren($id) {}
-	}
-	foreach p $olds {
-	    lappend allchildren($p) $id
-	}
-	# compute nearest tagged descendents as we go
-	# also compute descendent heads
-	forward_pass $id $allchildren($id)
-	if {[clock clicks -milliseconds] - $allcstart >= 50} {
-	    fileevent $fd readable {}
-	    after idle restartgetall $fd
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    if {[eof $fd]} {
-	set travindex [llength $allids]
-	set allcommits "traversing"
-	after idle restartatags
-	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
-	    error_popup "Error reading full commit graph: $err.\n\
-			 Results may be incomplete."
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-# walk backward through the tree and compute nearest tagged ancestors
-proc restartatags {} {
-    global allids allparents idtags anc_tags travindex
-
-    set t0 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
-    set i $travindex
-    while {[incr i -1] >= 0} {
-	set id [lindex $allids $i]
-	set atags {}
-	foreach p $allparents($id) {
-	    if {[info exists idtags($p)]} {
-		set ptags [list $p]
-	    } else {
-		set ptags $anc_tags($p)
-	    }
-	    if {$atags eq {}} {
-		set atags $ptags
-	    } elseif {$ptags ne $atags} {
-		set atags [combine_atags $atags $ptags]
-	    }
-	}
-	set anc_tags($id) $atags
-	if {[clock clicks -milliseconds] - $t0 >= 50} {
-	    set travindex $i
-	    after idle restartatags
-	    return
-	}
-    }
-    set allcommits "done"
-    set travindex 0
-    notbusy allcommits
-    dispneartags
-}
-
-# update the desc_tags and anc_tags arrays for a new tag just added
-proc addedtag {id} {
-    global desc_tags anc_tags allparents allchildren allcommits
-    global idtags tagisdesc alldtags
-
-    if {![info exists desc_tags($id)]} return
-    set adt $desc_tags($id)
-    foreach t $desc_tags($id) {
-	set adt [concat $adt $alldtags($t)]
-    }
-    set adt [lsort -unique $adt]
-    set alldtags($id) $adt
-    foreach t $adt {
-	set tagisdesc($id,$t) -1
-	set tagisdesc($t,$id) 1
-    }
-    if {[info exists anc_tags($id)]} {
-	set todo $anc_tags($id)
-	while {$todo ne {}} {
-	    set do [lindex $todo 0]
-	    set todo [lrange $todo 1 end]
-	    if {[info exists tagisdesc($id,$do)]} continue
-	    set tagisdesc($do,$id) -1
-	    set tagisdesc($id,$do) 1
-	    if {[info exists anc_tags($do)]} {
-		set todo [concat $todo $anc_tags($do)]
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-
-    set lastold $desc_tags($id)
-    set lastnew [list $id]
-    set nup 0
-    set nch 0
-    set todo $allparents($id)
-    while {$todo ne {}} {
-	set do [lindex $todo 0]
-	set todo [lrange $todo 1 end]
-	if {![info exists desc_tags($do)]} continue
-	if {$desc_tags($do) ne $lastold} {
-	    set lastold $desc_tags($do)
-	    set lastnew [combine_dtags $lastold [list $id]]
-	    incr nch
-	}
-	if {$lastold eq $lastnew} continue
-	set desc_tags($do) $lastnew
-	incr nup
-	if {![info exists idtags($do)]} {
-	    set todo [concat $todo $allparents($do)]
-	}
-    }
-
-    if {![info exists anc_tags($id)]} return
-    set lastold $anc_tags($id)
-    set lastnew [list $id]
-    set nup 0
-    set nch 0
-    set todo $allchildren($id)
-    while {$todo ne {}} {
-	set do [lindex $todo 0]
-	set todo [lrange $todo 1 end]
-	if {![info exists anc_tags($do)]} continue
-	if {$anc_tags($do) ne $lastold} {
-	    set lastold $anc_tags($do)
-	    set lastnew [combine_atags $lastold [list $id]]
-	    incr nch
-	}
-	if {$lastold eq $lastnew} continue
-	set anc_tags($do) $lastnew
-	incr nup
-	if {![info exists idtags($do)]} {
-	    set todo [concat $todo $allchildren($do)]
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-# update the desc_heads array for a new head just added
-proc addedhead {hid head} {
-    global desc_heads allparents headids idheads
-
-    set headids($head) $hid
-    lappend idheads($hid) $head
-
-    set todo [list $hid]
-    while {$todo ne {}} {
-	set do [lindex $todo 0]
-	set todo [lrange $todo 1 end]
-	if {![info exists desc_heads($do)] ||
-	    [lsearch -exact $desc_heads($do) $head] >= 0} continue
-	set oldheads $desc_heads($do)
-	lappend desc_heads($do) $head
-	set heads $desc_heads($do)
-	while {1} {
-	    set p $allparents($do)
-	    if {[llength $p] != 1 || ![info exists desc_heads($p)] ||
-		$desc_heads($p) ne $oldheads} break
-	    set do $p
-	    set desc_heads($do) $heads
-	}
-	set todo [concat $todo $p]
-    }
-}
-
-# update the desc_heads array for a head just removed
-proc removedhead {hid head} {
-    global desc_heads allparents headids idheads
-
-    unset headids($head)
-    if {$idheads($hid) eq $head} {
-	unset idheads($hid)
-    } else {
-	set i [lsearch -exact $idheads($hid) $head]
-	if {$i >= 0} {
-	    set idheads($hid) [lreplace $idheads($hid) $i $i]
-	}
-    }
-
-    set todo [list $hid]
-    while {$todo ne {}} {
-	set do [lindex $todo 0]
-	set todo [lrange $todo 1 end]
-	if {![info exists desc_heads($do)]} continue
-	set i [lsearch -exact $desc_heads($do) $head]
-	if {$i < 0} continue
-	set oldheads $desc_heads($do)
-	set heads [lreplace $desc_heads($do) $i $i]
-	while {1} {
-	    set desc_heads($do) $heads
-	    set p $allparents($do)
-	    if {[llength $p] != 1 || ![info exists desc_heads($p)] ||
-		$desc_heads($p) ne $oldheads} break
-	    set do $p
-	}
-	set todo [concat $todo $p]
-    }
-}
-
-# update things for a head moved to a child of its previous location
-proc movedhead {id name} {
-    global headids idheads
-
-    set oldid $headids($name)
-    set headids($name) $id
-    if {$idheads($oldid) eq $name} {
-	unset idheads($oldid)
-    } else {
-	set i [lsearch -exact $idheads($oldid) $name]
-	if {$i >= 0} {
-	    set idheads($oldid) [lreplace $idheads($oldid) $i $i]
-	}
-    }
-    lappend idheads($id) $name
-}
-
-proc changedrefs {} {
-    global desc_heads desc_tags anc_tags allcommits allids
-    global allchildren allparents idtags travindex
-
-    if {![info exists allcommits]} return
-    catch {unset desc_heads}
-    catch {unset desc_tags}
-    catch {unset anc_tags}
-    catch {unset alldtags}
-    catch {unset tagisdesc}
-    foreach id $allids {
-	forward_pass $id $allchildren($id)
-    }
-    if {$allcommits ne "reading"} {
-	set travindex [llength $allids]
-	if {$allcommits ne "traversing"} {
-	    set allcommits "traversing"
-	    after idle restartatags
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc rereadrefs {} {
-    global idtags idheads idotherrefs mainhead
-
-    set refids [concat [array names idtags] \
-		    [array names idheads] [array names idotherrefs]]
-    foreach id $refids {
-	if {![info exists ref($id)]} {
-	    set ref($id) [listrefs $id]
-	}
-    }
-    set oldmainhead $mainhead
-    readrefs
-    changedrefs
-    set refids [lsort -unique [concat $refids [array names idtags] \
-			[array names idheads] [array names idotherrefs]]]
-    foreach id $refids {
-	set v [listrefs $id]
-	if {![info exists ref($id)] || $ref($id) != $v ||
-	    ($id eq $oldmainhead && $id ne $mainhead) ||
-	    ($id eq $mainhead && $id ne $oldmainhead)} {
-	    redrawtags $id
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-proc listrefs {id} {
-    global idtags idheads idotherrefs
-
-    set x {}
-    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
-	set x $idtags($id)
-    }
-    set y {}
-    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
-	set y $idheads($id)
-    }
-    set z {}
-    if {[info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
-	set z $idotherrefs($id)
-    }
-    return [list $x $y $z]
-}
-
-proc showtag {tag isnew} {
-    global ctext tagcontents tagids linknum
-
-    if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list showtag $tag 0]
-    }
-    $ctext conf -state normal
-    clear_ctext
-    set linknum 0
-    if {[info exists tagcontents($tag)]} {
-	set text $tagcontents($tag)
-    } else {
-	set text "Tag: $tag\nId:  $tagids($tag)"
-    }
-    appendwithlinks $text {}
-    $ctext conf -state disabled
-    init_flist {}
-}
-
-proc doquit {} {
-    global stopped
-    set stopped 100
-    savestuff .
-    destroy .
-}
-
-proc doprefs {} {
-    global maxwidth maxgraphpct diffopts
-    global oldprefs prefstop showneartags
-    global bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors
-
-    set top .gitkprefs
-    set prefstop $top
-    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
-	raise $top
-	return
-    }
-    foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct diffopts showneartags} {
-	set oldprefs($v) [set $v]
-    }
-    toplevel $top
-    wm title $top "Gitk preferences"
-    label $top.ldisp -text "Commit list display options"
-    grid $top.ldisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.spacer -text " "
-    label $top.maxwidthl -text "Maximum graph width (lines)" \
-	-font optionfont
-    spinbox $top.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
-    grid $top.spacer $top.maxwidthl $top.maxwidth -sticky w
-    label $top.maxpctl -text "Maximum graph width (% of pane)" \
-	-font optionfont
-    spinbox $top.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
-    grid x $top.maxpctl $top.maxpct -sticky w
-
-    label $top.ddisp -text "Diff display options"
-    grid $top.ddisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.diffoptl -text "Options for diff program" \
-	-font optionfont
-    entry $top.diffopt -width 20 -textvariable diffopts
-    grid x $top.diffoptl $top.diffopt -sticky w
-    frame $top.ntag
-    label $top.ntag.l -text "Display nearby tags" -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.ntag.b -variable showneartags
-    pack $top.ntag.b $top.ntag.l -side left
-    grid x $top.ntag -sticky w
-
-    label $top.cdisp -text "Colors: press to choose"
-    grid $top.cdisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.bg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $bgcolor
-    button $top.bgbut -text "Background" -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor 0 $top.bg background setbg]
-    grid x $top.bgbut $top.bg -sticky w
-    label $top.fg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $fgcolor
-    button $top.fgbut -text "Foreground" -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor 0 $top.fg foreground setfg]
-    grid x $top.fgbut $top.fg -sticky w
-    label $top.diffold -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 0]
-    button $top.diffoldbut -text "Diff: old lines" -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $top.diffold "diff old lines" \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf d0 -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.diffoldbut $top.diffold -sticky w
-    label $top.diffnew -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 1]
-    button $top.diffnewbut -text "Diff: new lines" -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $top.diffnew "diff new lines" \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf d1 -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.diffnewbut $top.diffnew -sticky w
-    label $top.hunksep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 2]
-    button $top.hunksepbut -text "Diff: hunk header" -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 2 $top.hunksep \
-		      "diff hunk header" \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf hunksep -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.hunksepbut $top.hunksep -sticky w
-
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.ok -text "OK" -command prefsok
-    button $top.buts.can -text "Cancel" -command prefscan
-    grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
-    grid $top.buts - - -pady 10 -sticky ew
-}
-
-proc choosecolor {v vi w x cmd} {
-    global $v
-
-    set c [tk_chooseColor -initialcolor [lindex [set $v] $vi] \
-	       -title "Gitk: choose color for $x"]
-    if {$c eq {}} return
-    $w conf -background $c
-    lset $v $vi $c
-    eval $cmd $c
-}
-
-proc setbg {c} {
-    global bglist
-
-    foreach w $bglist {
-	$w conf -background $c
-    }
-}
-
-proc setfg {c} {
-    global fglist canv
-
-    foreach w $fglist {
-	$w conf -foreground $c
-    }
-    allcanvs itemconf text -fill $c
-    $canv itemconf circle -outline $c
-}
-
-proc prefscan {} {
-    global maxwidth maxgraphpct diffopts
-    global oldprefs prefstop showneartags
-
-    foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct diffopts showneartags} {
-	set $v $oldprefs($v)
-    }
-    catch {destroy $prefstop}
-    unset prefstop
-}
-
-proc prefsok {} {
-    global maxwidth maxgraphpct
-    global oldprefs prefstop showneartags
-
-    catch {destroy $prefstop}
-    unset prefstop
-    if {$maxwidth != $oldprefs(maxwidth)
-	|| $maxgraphpct != $oldprefs(maxgraphpct)} {
-	redisplay
-    } elseif {$showneartags != $oldprefs(showneartags)} {
-	reselectline
-    }
-}
-
-proc formatdate {d} {
-    return [clock format $d -format "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"]
-}
-
-# This list of encoding names and aliases is distilled from
-# http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets.
-# Not all of them are supported by Tcl.
-set encoding_aliases {
-    { ANSI_X3.4-1968 iso-ir-6 ANSI_X3.4-1986 ISO_646.irv:1991 ASCII
-      ISO646-US US-ASCII us IBM367 cp367 csASCII }
-    { ISO-10646-UTF-1 csISO10646UTF1 }
-    { ISO_646.basic:1983 ref csISO646basic1983 }
-    { INVARIANT csINVARIANT }
-    { ISO_646.irv:1983 iso-ir-2 irv csISO2IntlRefVersion }
-    { BS_4730 iso-ir-4 ISO646-GB gb uk csISO4UnitedKingdom }
-    { NATS-SEFI iso-ir-8-1 csNATSSEFI }
-    { NATS-SEFI-ADD iso-ir-8-2 csNATSSEFIADD }
-    { NATS-DANO iso-ir-9-1 csNATSDANO }
-    { NATS-DANO-ADD iso-ir-9-2 csNATSDANOADD }
-    { SEN_850200_B iso-ir-10 FI ISO646-FI ISO646-SE se csISO10Swedish }
-    { SEN_850200_C iso-ir-11 ISO646-SE2 se2 csISO11SwedishForNames }
-    { KS_C_5601-1987 iso-ir-149 KS_C_5601-1989 KSC_5601 korean csKSC56011987 }
-    { ISO-2022-KR csISO2022KR }
-    { EUC-KR csEUCKR }
-    { ISO-2022-JP csISO2022JP }
-    { ISO-2022-JP-2 csISO2022JP2 }
-    { JIS_C6220-1969-jp JIS_C6220-1969 iso-ir-13 katakana x0201-7
-      csISO13JISC6220jp }
-    { JIS_C6220-1969-ro iso-ir-14 jp ISO646-JP csISO14JISC6220ro }
-    { IT iso-ir-15 ISO646-IT csISO15Italian }
-    { PT iso-ir-16 ISO646-PT csISO16Portuguese }
-    { ES iso-ir-17 ISO646-ES csISO17Spanish }
-    { greek7-old iso-ir-18 csISO18Greek7Old }
-    { latin-greek iso-ir-19 csISO19LatinGreek }
-    { DIN_66003 iso-ir-21 de ISO646-DE csISO21German }
-    { NF_Z_62-010_(1973) iso-ir-25 ISO646-FR1 csISO25French }
-    { Latin-greek-1 iso-ir-27 csISO27LatinGreek1 }
-    { ISO_5427 iso-ir-37 csISO5427Cyrillic }
-    { JIS_C6226-1978 iso-ir-42 csISO42JISC62261978 }
-    { BS_viewdata iso-ir-47 csISO47BSViewdata }
-    { INIS iso-ir-49 csISO49INIS }
-    { INIS-8 iso-ir-50 csISO50INIS8 }
-    { INIS-cyrillic iso-ir-51 csISO51INISCyrillic }
-    { ISO_5427:1981 iso-ir-54 ISO5427Cyrillic1981 }
-    { ISO_5428:1980 iso-ir-55 csISO5428Greek }
-    { GB_1988-80 iso-ir-57 cn ISO646-CN csISO57GB1988 }
-    { GB_2312-80 iso-ir-58 chinese csISO58GB231280 }
-    { NS_4551-1 iso-ir-60 ISO646-NO no csISO60DanishNorwegian
-      csISO60Norwegian1 }
-    { NS_4551-2 ISO646-NO2 iso-ir-61 no2 csISO61Norwegian2 }
-    { NF_Z_62-010 iso-ir-69 ISO646-FR fr csISO69French }
-    { videotex-suppl iso-ir-70 csISO70VideotexSupp1 }
-    { PT2 iso-ir-84 ISO646-PT2 csISO84Portuguese2 }
-    { ES2 iso-ir-85 ISO646-ES2 csISO85Spanish2 }
-    { MSZ_7795.3 iso-ir-86 ISO646-HU hu csISO86Hungarian }
-    { JIS_C6226-1983 iso-ir-87 x0208 JIS_X0208-1983 csISO87JISX0208 }
-    { greek7 iso-ir-88 csISO88Greek7 }
-    { ASMO_449 ISO_9036 arabic7 iso-ir-89 csISO89ASMO449 }
-    { iso-ir-90 csISO90 }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-a iso-ir-91 jp-ocr-a csISO91JISC62291984a }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-b iso-ir-92 ISO646-JP-OCR-B jp-ocr-b
-      csISO92JISC62991984b }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-b-add iso-ir-93 jp-ocr-b-add csISO93JIS62291984badd }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand iso-ir-94 jp-ocr-hand csISO94JIS62291984hand }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand-add iso-ir-95 jp-ocr-hand-add
-      csISO95JIS62291984handadd }
-    { JIS_C6229-1984-kana iso-ir-96 csISO96JISC62291984kana }
-    { ISO_2033-1983 iso-ir-98 e13b csISO2033 }
-    { ANSI_X3.110-1983 iso-ir-99 CSA_T500-1983 NAPLPS csISO99NAPLPS }
-    { ISO_8859-1:1987 iso-ir-100 ISO_8859-1 ISO-8859-1 latin1 l1 IBM819
-      CP819 csISOLatin1 }
-    { ISO_8859-2:1987 iso-ir-101 ISO_8859-2 ISO-8859-2 latin2 l2 csISOLatin2 }
-    { T.61-7bit iso-ir-102 csISO102T617bit }
-    { T.61-8bit T.61 iso-ir-103 csISO103T618bit }
-    { ISO_8859-3:1988 iso-ir-109 ISO_8859-3 ISO-8859-3 latin3 l3 csISOLatin3 }
-    { ISO_8859-4:1988 iso-ir-110 ISO_8859-4 ISO-8859-4 latin4 l4 csISOLatin4 }
-    { ECMA-cyrillic iso-ir-111 KOI8-E csISO111ECMACyrillic }
-    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-1 iso-ir-121 ISO646-CA csa7-1 ca csISO121Canadian1 }
-    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-2 iso-ir-122 ISO646-CA2 csa7-2 csISO122Canadian2 }
-    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr iso-ir-123 csISO123CSAZ24341985gr }
-    { ISO_8859-6:1987 iso-ir-127 ISO_8859-6 ISO-8859-6 ECMA-114 ASMO-708
-      arabic csISOLatinArabic }
-    { ISO_8859-6-E csISO88596E ISO-8859-6-E }
-    { ISO_8859-6-I csISO88596I ISO-8859-6-I }
-    { ISO_8859-7:1987 iso-ir-126 ISO_8859-7 ISO-8859-7 ELOT_928 ECMA-118
-      greek greek8 csISOLatinGreek }
-    { T.101-G2 iso-ir-128 csISO128T101G2 }
-    { ISO_8859-8:1988 iso-ir-138 ISO_8859-8 ISO-8859-8 hebrew
-      csISOLatinHebrew }
-    { ISO_8859-8-E csISO88598E ISO-8859-8-E }
-    { ISO_8859-8-I csISO88598I ISO-8859-8-I }
-    { CSN_369103 iso-ir-139 csISO139CSN369103 }
-    { JUS_I.B1.002 iso-ir-141 ISO646-YU js yu csISO141JUSIB1002 }
-    { ISO_6937-2-add iso-ir-142 csISOTextComm }
-    { IEC_P27-1 iso-ir-143 csISO143IECP271 }
-    { ISO_8859-5:1988 iso-ir-144 ISO_8859-5 ISO-8859-5 cyrillic
-      csISOLatinCyrillic }
-    { JUS_I.B1.003-serb iso-ir-146 serbian csISO146Serbian }
-    { JUS_I.B1.003-mac macedonian iso-ir-147 csISO147Macedonian }
-    { ISO_8859-9:1989 iso-ir-148 ISO_8859-9 ISO-8859-9 latin5 l5 csISOLatin5 }
-    { greek-ccitt iso-ir-150 csISO150 csISO150GreekCCITT }
-    { NC_NC00-10:81 cuba iso-ir-151 ISO646-CU csISO151Cuba }
-    { ISO_6937-2-25 iso-ir-152 csISO6937Add }
-    { GOST_19768-74 ST_SEV_358-88 iso-ir-153 csISO153GOST1976874 }
-    { ISO_8859-supp iso-ir-154 latin1-2-5 csISO8859Supp }
-    { ISO_10367-box iso-ir-155 csISO10367Box }
-    { ISO-8859-10 iso-ir-157 l6 ISO_8859-10:1992 csISOLatin6 latin6 }
-    { latin-lap lap iso-ir-158 csISO158Lap }
-    { JIS_X0212-1990 x0212 iso-ir-159 csISO159JISX02121990 }
-    { DS_2089 DS2089 ISO646-DK dk csISO646Danish }
-    { us-dk csUSDK }
-    { dk-us csDKUS }
-    { JIS_X0201 X0201 csHalfWidthKatakana }
-    { KSC5636 ISO646-KR csKSC5636 }
-    { ISO-10646-UCS-2 csUnicode }
-    { ISO-10646-UCS-4 csUCS4 }
-    { DEC-MCS dec csDECMCS }
-    { hp-roman8 roman8 r8 csHPRoman8 }
-    { macintosh mac csMacintosh }
-    { IBM037 cp037 ebcdic-cp-us ebcdic-cp-ca ebcdic-cp-wt ebcdic-cp-nl
-      csIBM037 }
-    { IBM038 EBCDIC-INT cp038 csIBM038 }
-    { IBM273 CP273 csIBM273 }
-    { IBM274 EBCDIC-BE CP274 csIBM274 }
-    { IBM275 EBCDIC-BR cp275 csIBM275 }
-    { IBM277 EBCDIC-CP-DK EBCDIC-CP-NO csIBM277 }
-    { IBM278 CP278 ebcdic-cp-fi ebcdic-cp-se csIBM278 }
-    { IBM280 CP280 ebcdic-cp-it csIBM280 }
-    { IBM281 EBCDIC-JP-E cp281 csIBM281 }
-    { IBM284 CP284 ebcdic-cp-es csIBM284 }
-    { IBM285 CP285 ebcdic-cp-gb csIBM285 }
-    { IBM290 cp290 EBCDIC-JP-kana csIBM290 }
-    { IBM297 cp297 ebcdic-cp-fr csIBM297 }
-    { IBM420 cp420 ebcdic-cp-ar1 csIBM420 }
-    { IBM423 cp423 ebcdic-cp-gr csIBM423 }
-    { IBM424 cp424 ebcdic-cp-he csIBM424 }
-    { IBM437 cp437 437 csPC8CodePage437 }
-    { IBM500 CP500 ebcdic-cp-be ebcdic-cp-ch csIBM500 }
-    { IBM775 cp775 csPC775Baltic }
-    { IBM850 cp850 850 csPC850Multilingual }
-    { IBM851 cp851 851 csIBM851 }
-    { IBM852 cp852 852 csPCp852 }
-    { IBM855 cp855 855 csIBM855 }
-    { IBM857 cp857 857 csIBM857 }
-    { IBM860 cp860 860 csIBM860 }
-    { IBM861 cp861 861 cp-is csIBM861 }
-    { IBM862 cp862 862 csPC862LatinHebrew }
-    { IBM863 cp863 863 csIBM863 }
-    { IBM864 cp864 csIBM864 }
-    { IBM865 cp865 865 csIBM865 }
-    { IBM866 cp866 866 csIBM866 }
-    { IBM868 CP868 cp-ar csIBM868 }
-    { IBM869 cp869 869 cp-gr csIBM869 }
-    { IBM870 CP870 ebcdic-cp-roece ebcdic-cp-yu csIBM870 }
-    { IBM871 CP871 ebcdic-cp-is csIBM871 }
-    { IBM880 cp880 EBCDIC-Cyrillic csIBM880 }
-    { IBM891 cp891 csIBM891 }
-    { IBM903 cp903 csIBM903 }
-    { IBM904 cp904 904 csIBBM904 }
-    { IBM905 CP905 ebcdic-cp-tr csIBM905 }
-    { IBM918 CP918 ebcdic-cp-ar2 csIBM918 }
-    { IBM1026 CP1026 csIBM1026 }
-    { EBCDIC-AT-DE csIBMEBCDICATDE }
-    { EBCDIC-AT-DE-A csEBCDICATDEA }
-    { EBCDIC-CA-FR csEBCDICCAFR }
-    { EBCDIC-DK-NO csEBCDICDKNO }
-    { EBCDIC-DK-NO-A csEBCDICDKNOA }
-    { EBCDIC-FI-SE csEBCDICFISE }
-    { EBCDIC-FI-SE-A csEBCDICFISEA }
-    { EBCDIC-FR csEBCDICFR }
-    { EBCDIC-IT csEBCDICIT }
-    { EBCDIC-PT csEBCDICPT }
-    { EBCDIC-ES csEBCDICES }
-    { EBCDIC-ES-A csEBCDICESA }
-    { EBCDIC-ES-S csEBCDICESS }
-    { EBCDIC-UK csEBCDICUK }
-    { EBCDIC-US csEBCDICUS }
-    { UNKNOWN-8BIT csUnknown8BiT }
-    { MNEMONIC csMnemonic }
-    { MNEM csMnem }
-    { VISCII csVISCII }
-    { VIQR csVIQR }
-    { KOI8-R csKOI8R }
-    { IBM00858 CCSID00858 CP00858 PC-Multilingual-850+euro }
-    { IBM00924 CCSID00924 CP00924 ebcdic-Latin9--euro }
-    { IBM01140 CCSID01140 CP01140 ebcdic-us-37+euro }
-    { IBM01141 CCSID01141 CP01141 ebcdic-de-273+euro }
-    { IBM01142 CCSID01142 CP01142 ebcdic-dk-277+euro ebcdic-no-277+euro }
-    { IBM01143 CCSID01143 CP01143 ebcdic-fi-278+euro ebcdic-se-278+euro }
-    { IBM01144 CCSID01144 CP01144 ebcdic-it-280+euro }
-    { IBM01145 CCSID01145 CP01145 ebcdic-es-284+euro }
-    { IBM01146 CCSID01146 CP01146 ebcdic-gb-285+euro }
-    { IBM01147 CCSID01147 CP01147 ebcdic-fr-297+euro }
-    { IBM01148 CCSID01148 CP01148 ebcdic-international-500+euro }
-    { IBM01149 CCSID01149 CP01149 ebcdic-is-871+euro }
-    { IBM1047 IBM-1047 }
-    { PTCP154 csPTCP154 PT154 CP154 Cyrillic-Asian }
-    { Amiga-1251 Ami1251 Amiga1251 Ami-1251 }
-    { UNICODE-1-1 csUnicode11 }
-    { CESU-8 csCESU-8 }
-    { BOCU-1 csBOCU-1 }
-    { UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7 csUnicode11UTF7 }
-    { ISO-8859-14 iso-ir-199 ISO_8859-14:1998 ISO_8859-14 latin8 iso-celtic
-      l8 }
-    { ISO-8859-15 ISO_8859-15 Latin-9 }
-    { ISO-8859-16 iso-ir-226 ISO_8859-16:2001 ISO_8859-16 latin10 l10 }
-    { GBK CP936 MS936 windows-936 }
-    { JIS_Encoding csJISEncoding }
-    { Shift_JIS MS_Kanji csShiftJIS }
-    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Packed_Format_for_Japanese csEUCPkdFmtJapanese
-      EUC-JP }
-    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Fixed_Width_for_Japanese csEUCFixWidJapanese }
-    { ISO-10646-UCS-Basic csUnicodeASCII }
-    { ISO-10646-Unicode-Latin1 csUnicodeLatin1 ISO-10646 }
-    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1261 csUnicodeIBM1261 }
-    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1268 csUnicodeIBM1268 }
-    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1276 csUnicodeIBM1276 }
-    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1264 csUnicodeIBM1264 }
-    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1265 csUnicodeIBM1265 }
-    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.0-Latin-1 csWindows30Latin1 }
-    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.1-Latin-1 csWindows31Latin1 }
-    { ISO-8859-2-Windows-Latin-2 csWindows31Latin2 }
-    { ISO-8859-9-Windows-Latin-5 csWindows31Latin5 }
-    { Adobe-Standard-Encoding csAdobeStandardEncoding }
-    { Ventura-US csVenturaUS }
-    { Ventura-International csVenturaInternational }
-    { PC8-Danish-Norwegian csPC8DanishNorwegian }
-    { PC8-Turkish csPC8Turkish }
-    { IBM-Symbols csIBMSymbols }
-    { IBM-Thai csIBMThai }
-    { HP-Legal csHPLegal }
-    { HP-Pi-font csHPPiFont }
-    { HP-Math8 csHPMath8 }
-    { Adobe-Symbol-Encoding csHPPSMath }
-    { HP-DeskTop csHPDesktop }
-    { Ventura-Math csVenturaMath }
-    { Microsoft-Publishing csMicrosoftPublishing }
-    { Windows-31J csWindows31J }
-    { GB2312 csGB2312 }
-    { Big5 csBig5 }
-}
-
-proc tcl_encoding {enc} {
-    global encoding_aliases
-    set names [encoding names]
-    set lcnames [string tolower $names]
-    set enc [string tolower $enc]
-    set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $enc]
-    if {$i < 0} {
-	# look for "isonnn" instead of "iso-nnn" or "iso_nnn"
-	if {[regsub {^iso[-_]} $enc iso encx]} {
-	    set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $encx]
-	}
-    }
-    if {$i < 0} {
-	foreach l $encoding_aliases {
-	    set ll [string tolower $l]
-	    if {[lsearch -exact $ll $enc] < 0} continue
-	    # look through the aliases for one that tcl knows about
-	    foreach e $ll {
-		set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $e]
-		if {$i < 0} {
-		    if {[regsub {^iso[-_]} $e iso ex]} {
-			set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $ex]
-		    }
-		}
-		if {$i >= 0} break
-	    }
-	    break
-	}
-    }
-    if {$i >= 0} {
-	return [lindex $names $i]
-    }
-    return {}
-}
-
-# defaults...
-set datemode 0
-set diffopts "-U 5 -p"
-set wrcomcmd "git diff-tree --stdin -p --pretty"
-
-set gitencoding {}
-catch {
-    set gitencoding [exec git config --get i18n.commitencoding]
-}
-if {$gitencoding == ""} {
-    set gitencoding "utf-8"
-}
-set tclencoding [tcl_encoding $gitencoding]
-if {$tclencoding == {}} {
-    puts stderr "Warning: encoding $gitencoding is not supported by Tcl/Tk"
-}
-
-set mainfont {Helvetica 9}
-set textfont {Courier 9}
-set uifont {Helvetica 9 bold}
-set findmergefiles 0
-set maxgraphpct 50
-set maxwidth 16
-set revlistorder 0
-set fastdate 0
-set uparrowlen 7
-set downarrowlen 7
-set mingaplen 30
-set cmitmode "patch"
-set wrapcomment "none"
-set showneartags 1
-
-set colors {green red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
-set bgcolor white
-set fgcolor black
-set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
-
-catch {source ~/.gitk}
-
-font create optionfont -family sans-serif -size -12
-
-set revtreeargs {}
-foreach arg $argv {
-    switch -regexp -- $arg {
-	"^$" { }
-	"^-d" { set datemode 1 }
-	default {
-	    lappend revtreeargs $arg
-	}
-    }
-}
-
-# check that we can find a .git directory somewhere...
-set gitdir [gitdir]
-if {![file isdirectory $gitdir]} {
-    show_error {} . "Cannot find the git directory \"$gitdir\"."
-    exit 1
-}
-
-set cmdline_files {}
-set i [lsearch -exact $revtreeargs "--"]
-if {$i >= 0} {
-    set cmdline_files [lrange $revtreeargs [expr {$i + 1}] end]
-    set revtreeargs [lrange $revtreeargs 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
-} elseif {$revtreeargs ne {}} {
-    if {[catch {
-	set f [eval exec git rev-parse --no-revs --no-flags $revtreeargs]
-	set cmdline_files [split $f "\n"]
-	set n [llength $cmdline_files]
-	set revtreeargs [lrange $revtreeargs 0 end-$n]
-    } err]} {
-	# unfortunately we get both stdout and stderr in $err,
-	# so look for "fatal:".
-	set i [string first "fatal:" $err]
-	if {$i > 0} {
-	    set err [string range $err [expr {$i + 6}] end]
-	}
-	show_error {} . "Bad arguments to gitk:\n$err"
-	exit 1
-    }
-}
-
-set history {}
-set historyindex 0
-set fh_serial 0
-set nhl_names {}
-set highlight_paths {}
-set searchdirn -forwards
-set boldrows {}
-set boldnamerows {}
-
-set optim_delay 16
-
-set nextviewnum 1
-set curview 0
-set selectedview 0
-set selectedhlview None
-set viewfiles(0) {}
-set viewperm(0) 0
-set viewargs(0) {}
-
-set cmdlineok 0
-set stopped 0
-set stuffsaved 0
-set patchnum 0
-setcoords
-makewindow
-wm title . "[file tail $argv0]: [file tail [pwd]]"
-readrefs
-
-if {$cmdline_files ne {} || $revtreeargs ne {}} {
-    # create a view for the files/dirs specified on the command line
-    set curview 1
-    set selectedview 1
-    set nextviewnum 2
-    set viewname(1) "Command line"
-    set viewfiles(1) $cmdline_files
-    set viewargs(1) $revtreeargs
-    set viewperm(1) 0
-    addviewmenu 1
-    .bar.view entryconf Edit* -state normal
-    .bar.view entryconf Delete* -state normal
-}
-
-if {[info exists permviews]} {
-    foreach v $permviews {
-	set n $nextviewnum
-	incr nextviewnum
-	set viewname($n) [lindex $v 0]
-	set viewfiles($n) [lindex $v 1]
-	set viewargs($n) [lindex $v 2]
-	set viewperm($n) 1
-	addviewmenu $n
-    }
-}
-getcommits
diff --git a/gitk-git/Makefile b/gitk-git/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e1b6045605
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# The default target of this Makefile is...
+all::
+
+prefix ?= $(HOME)
+bindir ?= $(prefix)/bin
+sharedir ?= $(prefix)/share
+gitk_libdir   ?= $(sharedir)/gitk/lib
+msgsdir    ?= $(gitk_libdir)/msgs
+msgsdir_SQ  = $(subst ','\'',$(msgsdir))
+
+TCL_PATH ?= tclsh
+TCLTK_PATH ?= wish
+INSTALL ?= install
+RM ?= rm -f
+
+DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
+bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
+TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
+
+## po-file creation rules
+XGETTEXT   ?= xgettext
+ifdef NO_MSGFMT
+	MSGFMT ?= $(TCL_PATH) po/po2msg.sh
+else
+	MSGFMT ?= msgfmt
+	ifneq ($(shell $(MSGFMT) --tcl -l C -d . /dev/null 2>/dev/null; echo $$?),0)
+		MSGFMT := $(TCL_PATH) po/po2msg.sh
+	endif
+endif
+
+PO_TEMPLATE = po/gitk.pot
+ALL_POFILES = $(wildcard po/*.po)
+ALL_MSGFILES = $(subst .po,.msg,$(ALL_POFILES))
+
+ifndef V
+	QUIET          = @
+	QUIET_GEN      = $(QUIET)echo '   ' GEN $@ &&
+endif
+
+all:: gitk-wish $(ALL_MSGFILES)
+
+install:: all
+	$(INSTALL) -m 755 gitk-wish '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)'
+	$(foreach p,$(ALL_MSGFILES), $(INSTALL) -m 644 $p '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)' &&) true
+
+uninstall::
+	$(foreach p,$(ALL_MSGFILES), $(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)'/$(notdir $p) &&) true
+	$(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
+
+clean::
+	$(RM) gitk-wish po/*.msg
+
+gitk-wish: gitk
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
+	sed -e '1,3s|^exec .* "$$0"|exec $(subst |,'\|',$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)) "$$0"|' <gitk >$@+ && \
+	chmod +x $@+ && \
+	mv -f $@+ $@
+
+$(PO_TEMPLATE): gitk
+	$(XGETTEXT) -kmc -LTcl -o $@ gitk
+update-po:: $(PO_TEMPLATE)
+	$(foreach p, $(ALL_POFILES), echo Updating $p ; msgmerge -U $p $(PO_TEMPLATE) ; )
+$(ALL_MSGFILES): %.msg : %.po
+	@echo Generating catalog $@
+	$(MSGFMT) --statistics --tcl $< -l $(basename $(notdir $<)) -d $(dir $@)
+
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4604c831fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -0,0 +1,11260 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
+exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
+
+# Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
+# This program is free software; it may be used, copied, modified
+# and distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence,
+# either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+proc gitdir {} {
+    global env
+    if {[info exists env(GIT_DIR)]} {
+	return $env(GIT_DIR)
+    } else {
+	return [exec git rev-parse --git-dir]
+    }
+}
+
+# A simple scheduler for compute-intensive stuff.
+# The aim is to make sure that event handlers for GUI actions can
+# run at least every 50-100 ms.  Unfortunately fileevent handlers are
+# run before X event handlers, so reading from a fast source can
+# make the GUI completely unresponsive.
+proc run args {
+    global isonrunq runq currunq
+
+    set script $args
+    if {[info exists isonrunq($script)]} return
+    if {$runq eq {} && ![info exists currunq]} {
+	after idle dorunq
+    }
+    lappend runq [list {} $script]
+    set isonrunq($script) 1
+}
+
+proc filerun {fd script} {
+    fileevent $fd readable [list filereadable $fd $script]
+}
+
+proc filereadable {fd script} {
+    global runq currunq
+
+    fileevent $fd readable {}
+    if {$runq eq {} && ![info exists currunq]} {
+	after idle dorunq
+    }
+    lappend runq [list $fd $script]
+}
+
+proc nukefile {fd} {
+    global runq
+
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $runq]} {} {
+	if {[lindex $runq $i 0] eq $fd} {
+	    set runq [lreplace $runq $i $i]
+	} else {
+	    incr i
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc dorunq {} {
+    global isonrunq runq currunq
+
+    set tstart [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set t0 $tstart
+    while {[llength $runq] > 0} {
+	set fd [lindex $runq 0 0]
+	set script [lindex $runq 0 1]
+	set currunq [lindex $runq 0]
+	set runq [lrange $runq 1 end]
+	set repeat [eval $script]
+	unset currunq
+	set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+	set t [expr {$t1 - $t0}]
+	if {$repeat ne {} && $repeat} {
+	    if {$fd eq {} || $repeat == 2} {
+		# script returns 1 if it wants to be readded
+		# file readers return 2 if they could do more straight away
+		lappend runq [list $fd $script]
+	    } else {
+		fileevent $fd readable [list filereadable $fd $script]
+	    }
+	} elseif {$fd eq {}} {
+	    unset isonrunq($script)
+	}
+	set t0 $t1
+	if {$t1 - $tstart >= 80} break
+    }
+    if {$runq ne {}} {
+	after idle dorunq
+    }
+}
+
+proc reg_instance {fd} {
+    global commfd leftover loginstance
+
+    set i [incr loginstance]
+    set commfd($i) $fd
+    set leftover($i) {}
+    return $i
+}
+
+proc unmerged_files {files} {
+    global nr_unmerged
+
+    # find the list of unmerged files
+    set mlist {}
+    set nr_unmerged 0
+    if {[catch {
+	set fd [open "| git ls-files -u" r]
+    } err]} {
+	show_error {} . "[mc "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"] $err"
+	exit 1
+    }
+    while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+	set i [string first "\t" $line]
+	if {$i < 0} continue
+	set fname [string range $line [expr {$i+1}] end]
+	if {[lsearch -exact $mlist $fname] >= 0} continue
+	incr nr_unmerged
+	if {$files eq {} || [path_filter $files $fname]} {
+	    lappend mlist $fname
+	}
+    }
+    catch {close $fd}
+    return $mlist
+}
+
+proc parseviewargs {n arglist} {
+    global vdatemode vmergeonly vflags vdflags vrevs vfiltered vorigargs
+
+    set vdatemode($n) 0
+    set vmergeonly($n) 0
+    set glflags {}
+    set diffargs {}
+    set nextisval 0
+    set revargs {}
+    set origargs $arglist
+    set allknown 1
+    set filtered 0
+    set i -1
+    foreach arg $arglist {
+	incr i
+	if {$nextisval} {
+	    lappend glflags $arg
+	    set nextisval 0
+	    continue
+	}
+	switch -glob -- $arg {
+	    "-d" -
+	    "--date-order" {
+		set vdatemode($n) 1
+		# remove from origargs in case we hit an unknown option
+		set origargs [lreplace $origargs $i $i]
+		incr i -1
+	    }
+	    "-[puabwcrRBMC]" -
+	    "--no-renames" - "--full-index" - "--binary" - "--abbrev=*" -
+	    "--find-copies-harder" - "-l*" - "--ext-diff" - "--no-ext-diff" -
+	    "--src-prefix=*" - "--dst-prefix=*" - "--no-prefix" -
+	    "-O*" - "--text" - "--full-diff" - "--ignore-space-at-eol" -
+	    "--ignore-space-change" - "-U*" - "--unified=*" {
+		# These request or affect diff output, which we don't want.
+		# Some could be used to set our defaults for diff display.
+		lappend diffargs $arg
+	    }
+	    "--raw" - "--patch-with-raw" - "--patch-with-stat" -
+	    "--name-only" - "--name-status" - "--color" - "--color-words" -
+	    "--log-size" - "--pretty=*" - "--decorate" - "--abbrev-commit" -
+	    "--cc" - "-z" - "--header" - "--parents" - "--boundary" -
+	    "--no-color" - "-g" - "--walk-reflogs" - "--no-walk" -
+	    "--timestamp" - "relative-date" - "--date=*" - "--stdin" -
+	    "--objects" - "--objects-edge" - "--reverse" {
+		# These cause our parsing of git log's output to fail, or else
+		# they're options we want to set ourselves, so ignore them.
+	    }
+	    "--stat=*" - "--numstat" - "--shortstat" - "--summary" -
+	    "--check" - "--exit-code" - "--quiet" - "--topo-order" -
+	    "--full-history" - "--dense" - "--sparse" -
+	    "--follow" - "--left-right" - "--encoding=*" {
+		# These are harmless, and some are even useful
+		lappend glflags $arg
+	    }
+	    "--diff-filter=*" - "--no-merges" - "--unpacked" -
+	    "--max-count=*" - "--skip=*" - "--since=*" - "--after=*" -
+	    "--until=*" - "--before=*" - "--max-age=*" - "--min-age=*" -
+	    "--author=*" - "--committer=*" - "--grep=*" - "-[iE]" -
+	    "--remove-empty" - "--first-parent" - "--cherry-pick" -
+	    "-S*" - "--pickaxe-all" - "--pickaxe-regex" -
+	    "--simplify-by-decoration" {
+		# These mean that we get a subset of the commits
+		set filtered 1
+		lappend glflags $arg
+	    }
+	    "-n" {
+		# This appears to be the only one that has a value as a
+		# separate word following it
+		set filtered 1
+		set nextisval 1
+		lappend glflags $arg
+	    }
+	    "--not" - "--all" {
+		lappend revargs $arg
+	    }
+	    "--merge" {
+		set vmergeonly($n) 1
+		# git rev-parse doesn't understand --merge
+		lappend revargs --gitk-symmetric-diff-marker MERGE_HEAD...HEAD
+	    }
+	    "-*" {
+		# Other flag arguments including -<n>
+		if {[string is digit -strict [string range $arg 1 end]]} {
+		    set filtered 1
+		} else {
+		    # a flag argument that we don't recognize;
+		    # that means we can't optimize
+		    set allknown 0
+		}
+		lappend glflags $arg
+	    }
+	    default {
+		# Non-flag arguments specify commits or ranges of commits
+		if {[string match "*...*" $arg]} {
+		    lappend revargs --gitk-symmetric-diff-marker
+		}
+		lappend revargs $arg
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set vdflags($n) $diffargs
+    set vflags($n) $glflags
+    set vrevs($n) $revargs
+    set vfiltered($n) $filtered
+    set vorigargs($n) $origargs
+    return $allknown
+}
+
+proc parseviewrevs {view revs} {
+    global vposids vnegids
+
+    if {$revs eq {}} {
+	set revs HEAD
+    }
+    if {[catch {set ids [eval exec git rev-parse $revs]} err]} {
+	# we get stdout followed by stderr in $err
+	# for an unknown rev, git rev-parse echoes it and then errors out
+	set errlines [split $err "\n"]
+	set badrev {}
+	for {set l 0} {$l < [llength $errlines]} {incr l} {
+	    set line [lindex $errlines $l]
+	    if {!([string length $line] == 40 && [string is xdigit $line])} {
+		if {[string match "fatal:*" $line]} {
+		    if {[string match "fatal: ambiguous argument*" $line]
+			&& $badrev ne {}} {
+			if {[llength $badrev] == 1} {
+			    set err "unknown revision $badrev"
+			} else {
+			    set err "unknown revisions: [join $badrev ", "]"
+			}
+		    } else {
+			set err [join [lrange $errlines $l end] "\n"]
+		    }
+		    break
+		}
+		lappend badrev $line
+	    }
+	}		    
+	error_popup "[mc "Error parsing revisions:"] $err"
+	return {}
+    }
+    set ret {}
+    set pos {}
+    set neg {}
+    set sdm 0
+    foreach id [split $ids "\n"] {
+	if {$id eq "--gitk-symmetric-diff-marker"} {
+	    set sdm 4
+	} elseif {[string match "^*" $id]} {
+	    if {$sdm != 1} {
+		lappend ret $id
+		if {$sdm == 3} {
+		    set sdm 0
+		}
+	    }
+	    lappend neg [string range $id 1 end]
+	} else {
+	    if {$sdm != 2} {
+		lappend ret $id
+	    } else {
+		lset ret end [lindex $ret end]...$id
+	    }
+	    lappend pos $id
+	}
+	incr sdm -1
+    }
+    set vposids($view) $pos
+    set vnegids($view) $neg
+    return $ret
+}
+
+# Start off a git log process and arrange to read its output
+proc start_rev_list {view} {
+    global startmsecs commitidx viewcomplete curview
+    global tclencoding
+    global viewargs viewargscmd viewfiles vfilelimit
+    global showlocalchanges
+    global viewactive viewinstances vmergeonly
+    global mainheadid viewmainheadid viewmainheadid_orig
+    global vcanopt vflags vrevs vorigargs
+
+    set startmsecs [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set commitidx($view) 0
+    # these are set this way for the error exits
+    set viewcomplete($view) 1
+    set viewactive($view) 0
+    varcinit $view
+
+    set args $viewargs($view)
+    if {$viewargscmd($view) ne {}} {
+	if {[catch {
+	    set str [exec sh -c $viewargscmd($view)]
+	} err]} {
+	    error_popup "[mc "Error executing --argscmd command:"] $err"
+	    return 0
+	}
+	set args [concat $args [split $str "\n"]]
+    }
+    set vcanopt($view) [parseviewargs $view $args]
+
+    set files $viewfiles($view)
+    if {$vmergeonly($view)} {
+	set files [unmerged_files $files]
+	if {$files eq {}} {
+	    global nr_unmerged
+	    if {$nr_unmerged == 0} {
+		error_popup [mc "No files selected: --merge specified but\
+			     no files are unmerged."]
+	    } else {
+		error_popup [mc "No files selected: --merge specified but\
+			     no unmerged files are within file limit."]
+	    }
+	    return 0
+	}
+    }
+    set vfilelimit($view) $files
+
+    if {$vcanopt($view)} {
+	set revs [parseviewrevs $view $vrevs($view)]
+	if {$revs eq {}} {
+	    return 0
+	}
+	set args [concat $vflags($view) $revs]
+    } else {
+	set args $vorigargs($view)
+    }
+
+    if {[catch {
+	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw --parents \
+			 --boundary $args "--" $files] r]
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error executing git log:"] $err"
+	return 0
+    }
+    set i [reg_instance $fd]
+    set viewinstances($view) [list $i]
+    set viewmainheadid($view) $mainheadid
+    set viewmainheadid_orig($view) $mainheadid
+    if {$files ne {} && $mainheadid ne {}} {
+	get_viewmainhead $view
+    }
+    if {$showlocalchanges && $viewmainheadid($view) ne {}} {
+	interestedin $viewmainheadid($view) dodiffindex
+    }
+    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -eofchar {}
+    if {$tclencoding != {}} {
+	fconfigure $fd -encoding $tclencoding
+    }
+    filerun $fd [list getcommitlines $fd $i $view 0]
+    nowbusy $view [mc "Reading"]
+    set viewcomplete($view) 0
+    set viewactive($view) 1
+    return 1
+}
+
+proc stop_instance {inst} {
+    global commfd leftover
+
+    set fd $commfd($inst)
+    catch {
+	set pid [pid $fd]
+
+	if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
+	    exec kill -f $pid
+	} else {
+	    exec kill $pid
+	}
+    }
+    catch {close $fd}
+    nukefile $fd
+    unset commfd($inst)
+    unset leftover($inst)
+}
+
+proc stop_backends {} {
+    global commfd
+
+    foreach inst [array names commfd] {
+	stop_instance $inst
+    }
+}
+
+proc stop_rev_list {view} {
+    global viewinstances
+
+    foreach inst $viewinstances($view) {
+	stop_instance $inst
+    }
+    set viewinstances($view) {}
+}
+
+proc reset_pending_select {selid} {
+    global pending_select mainheadid selectheadid
+
+    if {$selid ne {}} {
+	set pending_select $selid
+    } elseif {$selectheadid ne {}} {
+	set pending_select $selectheadid
+    } else {
+	set pending_select $mainheadid
+    }
+}
+
+proc getcommits {selid} {
+    global canv curview need_redisplay viewactive
+
+    initlayout
+    if {[start_rev_list $curview]} {
+	reset_pending_select $selid
+	show_status [mc "Reading commits..."]
+	set need_redisplay 1
+    } else {
+	show_status [mc "No commits selected"]
+    }
+}
+
+proc updatecommits {} {
+    global curview vcanopt vorigargs vfilelimit viewinstances
+    global viewactive viewcomplete tclencoding
+    global startmsecs showneartags showlocalchanges
+    global mainheadid viewmainheadid viewmainheadid_orig pending_select
+    global isworktree
+    global varcid vposids vnegids vflags vrevs
+
+    set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
+    rereadrefs
+    set view $curview
+    if {$mainheadid ne $viewmainheadid_orig($view)} {
+	if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	    dohidelocalchanges
+	}
+	set viewmainheadid($view) $mainheadid
+	set viewmainheadid_orig($view) $mainheadid
+	if {$vfilelimit($view) ne {}} {
+	    get_viewmainhead $view
+	}
+    }
+    if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	doshowlocalchanges
+    }
+    if {$vcanopt($view)} {
+	set oldpos $vposids($view)
+	set oldneg $vnegids($view)
+	set revs [parseviewrevs $view $vrevs($view)]
+	if {$revs eq {}} {
+	    return
+	}
+	# note: getting the delta when negative refs change is hard,
+	# and could require multiple git log invocations, so in that
+	# case we ask git log for all the commits (not just the delta)
+	if {$oldneg eq $vnegids($view)} {
+	    set newrevs {}
+	    set npos 0
+	    # take out positive refs that we asked for before or
+	    # that we have already seen
+	    foreach rev $revs {
+		if {[string length $rev] == 40} {
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $oldpos $rev] < 0
+			&& ![info exists varcid($view,$rev)]} {
+			lappend newrevs $rev
+			incr npos
+		    }
+		} else {
+		    lappend $newrevs $rev
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {$npos == 0} return
+	    set revs $newrevs
+	    set vposids($view) [lsort -unique [concat $oldpos $vposids($view)]]
+	}
+	set args [concat $vflags($view) $revs --not $oldpos]
+    } else {
+	set args $vorigargs($view)
+    }
+    if {[catch {
+	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw --parents \
+			  --boundary $args "--" $vfilelimit($view)] r]
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error executing git log:"] $err"
+	return
+    }
+    if {$viewactive($view) == 0} {
+	set startmsecs [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    }
+    set i [reg_instance $fd]
+    lappend viewinstances($view) $i
+    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -eofchar {}
+    if {$tclencoding != {}} {
+	fconfigure $fd -encoding $tclencoding
+    }
+    filerun $fd [list getcommitlines $fd $i $view 1]
+    incr viewactive($view)
+    set viewcomplete($view) 0
+    reset_pending_select {}
+    nowbusy $view [mc "Reading"]
+    if {$showneartags} {
+	getallcommits
+    }
+}
+
+proc reloadcommits {} {
+    global curview viewcomplete selectedline currentid thickerline
+    global showneartags treediffs commitinterest cached_commitrow
+    global targetid
+
+    set selid {}
+    if {$selectedline ne {}} {
+	set selid $currentid
+    }
+
+    if {!$viewcomplete($curview)} {
+	stop_rev_list $curview
+    }
+    resetvarcs $curview
+    set selectedline {}
+    catch {unset currentid}
+    catch {unset thickerline}
+    catch {unset treediffs}
+    readrefs
+    changedrefs
+    if {$showneartags} {
+	getallcommits
+    }
+    clear_display
+    catch {unset commitinterest}
+    catch {unset cached_commitrow}
+    catch {unset targetid}
+    setcanvscroll
+    getcommits $selid
+    return 0
+}
+
+# This makes a string representation of a positive integer which
+# sorts as a string in numerical order
+proc strrep {n} {
+    if {$n < 16} {
+	return [format "%x" $n]
+    } elseif {$n < 256} {
+	return [format "x%.2x" $n]
+    } elseif {$n < 65536} {
+	return [format "y%.4x" $n]
+    }
+    return [format "z%.8x" $n]
+}
+
+# Procedures used in reordering commits from git log (without
+# --topo-order) into the order for display.
+
+proc varcinit {view} {
+    global varcstart vupptr vdownptr vleftptr vbackptr varctok varcrow
+    global vtokmod varcmod vrowmod varcix vlastins
+
+    set varcstart($view) {{}}
+    set vupptr($view) {0}
+    set vdownptr($view) {0}
+    set vleftptr($view) {0}
+    set vbackptr($view) {0}
+    set varctok($view) {{}}
+    set varcrow($view) {{}}
+    set vtokmod($view) {}
+    set varcmod($view) 0
+    set vrowmod($view) 0
+    set varcix($view) {{}}
+    set vlastins($view) {0}
+}
+
+proc resetvarcs {view} {
+    global varcid varccommits parents children vseedcount ordertok
+
+    foreach vid [array names varcid $view,*] {
+	unset varcid($vid)
+	unset children($vid)
+	unset parents($vid)
+    }
+    # some commits might have children but haven't been seen yet
+    foreach vid [array names children $view,*] {
+	unset children($vid)
+    }
+    foreach va [array names varccommits $view,*] {
+	unset varccommits($va)
+    }
+    foreach vd [array names vseedcount $view,*] {
+	unset vseedcount($vd)
+    }
+    catch {unset ordertok}
+}
+
+# returns a list of the commits with no children
+proc seeds {v} {
+    global vdownptr vleftptr varcstart
+
+    set ret {}
+    set a [lindex $vdownptr($v) 0]
+    while {$a != 0} {
+	lappend ret [lindex $varcstart($v) $a]
+	set a [lindex $vleftptr($v) $a]
+    }
+    return $ret
+}
+
+proc newvarc {view id} {
+    global varcid varctok parents children vdatemode
+    global vupptr vdownptr vleftptr vbackptr varcrow varcix varcstart
+    global commitdata commitinfo vseedcount varccommits vlastins
+
+    set a [llength $varctok($view)]
+    set vid $view,$id
+    if {[llength $children($vid)] == 0 || $vdatemode($view)} {
+	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+	    parsecommit $id $commitdata($id) 1
+	}
+	set cdate [lindex $commitinfo($id) 4]
+	if {![string is integer -strict $cdate]} {
+	    set cdate 0
+	}
+	if {![info exists vseedcount($view,$cdate)]} {
+	    set vseedcount($view,$cdate) -1
+	}
+	set c [incr vseedcount($view,$cdate)]
+	set cdate [expr {$cdate ^ 0xffffffff}]
+	set tok "s[strrep $cdate][strrep $c]"
+    } else {
+	set tok {}
+    }
+    set ka 0
+    if {[llength $children($vid)] > 0} {
+	set kid [lindex $children($vid) end]
+	set k $varcid($view,$kid)
+	if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($view) $k] $tok] > 0} {
+	    set ki $kid
+	    set ka $k
+	    set tok [lindex $varctok($view) $k]
+	}
+    }
+    if {$ka != 0} {
+	set i [lsearch -exact $parents($view,$ki) $id]
+	set j [expr {[llength $parents($view,$ki)] - 1 - $i}]
+	append tok [strrep $j]
+    }
+    set c [lindex $vlastins($view) $ka]
+    if {$c == 0 || [string compare $tok [lindex $varctok($view) $c]] < 0} {
+	set c $ka
+	set b [lindex $vdownptr($view) $ka]
+    } else {
+	set b [lindex $vleftptr($view) $c]
+    }
+    while {$b != 0 && [string compare $tok [lindex $varctok($view) $b]] >= 0} {
+	set c $b
+	set b [lindex $vleftptr($view) $c]
+    }
+    if {$c == $ka} {
+	lset vdownptr($view) $ka $a
+	lappend vbackptr($view) 0
+    } else {
+	lset vleftptr($view) $c $a
+	lappend vbackptr($view) $c
+    }
+    lset vlastins($view) $ka $a
+    lappend vupptr($view) $ka
+    lappend vleftptr($view) $b
+    if {$b != 0} {
+	lset vbackptr($view) $b $a
+    }
+    lappend varctok($view) $tok
+    lappend varcstart($view) $id
+    lappend vdownptr($view) 0
+    lappend varcrow($view) {}
+    lappend varcix($view) {}
+    set varccommits($view,$a) {}
+    lappend vlastins($view) 0
+    return $a
+}
+
+proc splitvarc {p v} {
+    global varcid varcstart varccommits varctok vtokmod
+    global vupptr vdownptr vleftptr vbackptr varcix varcrow vlastins
+
+    set oa $varcid($v,$p)
+    set otok [lindex $varctok($v) $oa]
+    set ac $varccommits($v,$oa)
+    set i [lsearch -exact $varccommits($v,$oa) $p]
+    if {$i <= 0} return
+    set na [llength $varctok($v)]
+    # "%" sorts before "0"...
+    set tok "$otok%[strrep $i]"
+    lappend varctok($v) $tok
+    lappend varcrow($v) {}
+    lappend varcix($v) {}
+    set varccommits($v,$oa) [lrange $ac 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
+    set varccommits($v,$na) [lrange $ac $i end]
+    lappend varcstart($v) $p
+    foreach id $varccommits($v,$na) {
+	set varcid($v,$id) $na
+    }
+    lappend vdownptr($v) [lindex $vdownptr($v) $oa]
+    lappend vlastins($v) [lindex $vlastins($v) $oa]
+    lset vdownptr($v) $oa $na
+    lset vlastins($v) $oa 0
+    lappend vupptr($v) $oa
+    lappend vleftptr($v) 0
+    lappend vbackptr($v) 0
+    for {set b [lindex $vdownptr($v) $na]} {$b != 0} {set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $b]} {
+	lset vupptr($v) $b $na
+    }
+    if {[string compare $otok $vtokmod($v)] <= 0} {
+	modify_arc $v $oa
+    }
+}
+
+proc renumbervarc {a v} {
+    global parents children varctok varcstart varccommits
+    global vupptr vdownptr vleftptr vbackptr vlastins varcid vtokmod vdatemode
+
+    set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set todo {}
+    set isrelated($a) 1
+    set kidchanged($a) 1
+    set ntot 0
+    while {$a != 0} {
+	if {[info exists isrelated($a)]} {
+	    lappend todo $a
+	    set id [lindex $varccommits($v,$a) end]
+	    foreach p $parents($v,$id) {
+		if {[info exists varcid($v,$p)]} {
+		    set isrelated($varcid($v,$p)) 1
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	incr ntot
+	set b [lindex $vdownptr($v) $a]
+	if {$b == 0} {
+	    while {$a != 0} {
+		set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $a]
+		if {$b != 0} break
+		set a [lindex $vupptr($v) $a]
+	    }
+	}
+	set a $b
+    }
+    foreach a $todo {
+	if {![info exists kidchanged($a)]} continue
+	set id [lindex $varcstart($v) $a]
+	if {[llength $children($v,$id)] > 1} {
+	    set children($v,$id) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $v] \
+				      $children($v,$id)]
+	}
+	set oldtok [lindex $varctok($v) $a]
+	if {!$vdatemode($v)} {
+	    set tok {}
+	} else {
+	    set tok $oldtok
+	}
+	set ka 0
+	set kid [last_real_child $v,$id]
+	if {$kid ne {}} {
+	    set k $varcid($v,$kid)
+	    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $k] $tok] > 0} {
+		set ki $kid
+		set ka $k
+		set tok [lindex $varctok($v) $k]
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$ka != 0} {
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $parents($v,$ki) $id]
+	    set j [expr {[llength $parents($v,$ki)] - 1 - $i}]
+	    append tok [strrep $j]
+	}
+	if {$tok eq $oldtok} {
+	    continue
+	}
+	set id [lindex $varccommits($v,$a) end]
+	foreach p $parents($v,$id) {
+	    if {[info exists varcid($v,$p)]} {
+		set kidchanged($varcid($v,$p)) 1
+	    } else {
+		set sortkids($p) 1
+	    }
+	}
+	lset varctok($v) $a $tok
+	set b [lindex $vupptr($v) $a]
+	if {$b != $ka} {
+	    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $ka] $vtokmod($v)] < 0} {
+		modify_arc $v $ka
+	    }
+	    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $b] $vtokmod($v)] < 0} {
+		modify_arc $v $b
+	    }
+	    set c [lindex $vbackptr($v) $a]
+	    set d [lindex $vleftptr($v) $a]
+	    if {$c == 0} {
+		lset vdownptr($v) $b $d
+	    } else {
+		lset vleftptr($v) $c $d
+	    }
+	    if {$d != 0} {
+		lset vbackptr($v) $d $c
+	    }
+	    if {[lindex $vlastins($v) $b] == $a} {
+		lset vlastins($v) $b $c
+	    }
+	    lset vupptr($v) $a $ka
+	    set c [lindex $vlastins($v) $ka]
+	    if {$c == 0 || \
+		    [string compare $tok [lindex $varctok($v) $c]] < 0} {
+		set c $ka
+		set b [lindex $vdownptr($v) $ka]
+	    } else {
+		set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $c]
+	    }
+	    while {$b != 0 && \
+		      [string compare $tok [lindex $varctok($v) $b]] >= 0} {
+		set c $b
+		set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $c]
+	    }
+	    if {$c == $ka} {
+ 		lset vdownptr($v) $ka $a
+		lset vbackptr($v) $a 0
+	    } else {
+		lset vleftptr($v) $c $a
+		lset vbackptr($v) $a $c
+	    }
+	    lset vleftptr($v) $a $b
+	    if {$b != 0} {
+		lset vbackptr($v) $b $a
+	    }
+	    lset vlastins($v) $ka $a
+	}
+    }
+    foreach id [array names sortkids] {
+	if {[llength $children($v,$id)] > 1} {
+	    set children($v,$id) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $v] \
+				      $children($v,$id)]
+	}
+    }
+    set t2 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    #puts "renumbervarc did [llength $todo] of $ntot arcs in [expr {$t2-$t1}]ms"
+}
+
+# Fix up the graph after we have found out that in view $v,
+# $p (a commit that we have already seen) is actually the parent
+# of the last commit in arc $a.
+proc fix_reversal {p a v} {
+    global varcid varcstart varctok vupptr
+
+    set pa $varcid($v,$p)
+    if {$p ne [lindex $varcstart($v) $pa]} {
+	splitvarc $p $v
+	set pa $varcid($v,$p)
+    }
+    # seeds always need to be renumbered
+    if {[lindex $vupptr($v) $pa] == 0 ||
+	[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $a] \
+	     [lindex $varctok($v) $pa]] > 0} {
+	renumbervarc $pa $v
+    }
+}
+
+proc insertrow {id p v} {
+    global cmitlisted children parents varcid varctok vtokmod
+    global varccommits ordertok commitidx numcommits curview
+    global targetid targetrow
+
+    readcommit $id
+    set vid $v,$id
+    set cmitlisted($vid) 1
+    set children($vid) {}
+    set parents($vid) [list $p]
+    set a [newvarc $v $id]
+    set varcid($vid) $a
+    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $a] $vtokmod($v)] < 0} {
+	modify_arc $v $a
+    }
+    lappend varccommits($v,$a) $id
+    set vp $v,$p
+    if {[llength [lappend children($vp) $id]] > 1} {
+	set children($vp) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $v] $children($vp)]
+	catch {unset ordertok}
+    }
+    fix_reversal $p $a $v
+    incr commitidx($v)
+    if {$v == $curview} {
+	set numcommits $commitidx($v)
+	setcanvscroll
+	if {[info exists targetid]} {
+	    if {![comes_before $targetid $p]} {
+		incr targetrow
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc insertfakerow {id p} {
+    global varcid varccommits parents children cmitlisted
+    global commitidx varctok vtokmod targetid targetrow curview numcommits
+
+    set v $curview
+    set a $varcid($v,$p)
+    set i [lsearch -exact $varccommits($v,$a) $p]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	puts "oops: insertfakerow can't find [shortids $p] on arc $a"
+	return
+    }
+    set children($v,$id) {}
+    set parents($v,$id) [list $p]
+    set varcid($v,$id) $a
+    lappend children($v,$p) $id
+    set cmitlisted($v,$id) 1
+    set numcommits [incr commitidx($v)]
+    # note we deliberately don't update varcstart($v) even if $i == 0
+    set varccommits($v,$a) [linsert $varccommits($v,$a) $i $id]
+    modify_arc $v $a $i
+    if {[info exists targetid]} {
+	if {![comes_before $targetid $p]} {
+	    incr targetrow
+	}
+    }
+    setcanvscroll
+    drawvisible
+}
+
+proc removefakerow {id} {
+    global varcid varccommits parents children commitidx
+    global varctok vtokmod cmitlisted currentid selectedline
+    global targetid curview numcommits
+
+    set v $curview
+    if {[llength $parents($v,$id)] != 1} {
+	puts "oops: removefakerow [shortids $id] has [llength $parents($v,$id)] parents"
+	return
+    }
+    set p [lindex $parents($v,$id) 0]
+    set a $varcid($v,$id)
+    set i [lsearch -exact $varccommits($v,$a) $id]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	puts "oops: removefakerow can't find [shortids $id] on arc $a"
+	return
+    }
+    unset varcid($v,$id)
+    set varccommits($v,$a) [lreplace $varccommits($v,$a) $i $i]
+    unset parents($v,$id)
+    unset children($v,$id)
+    unset cmitlisted($v,$id)
+    set numcommits [incr commitidx($v) -1]
+    set j [lsearch -exact $children($v,$p) $id]
+    if {$j >= 0} {
+	set children($v,$p) [lreplace $children($v,$p) $j $j]
+    }
+    modify_arc $v $a $i
+    if {[info exist currentid] && $id eq $currentid} {
+	unset currentid
+	set selectedline {}
+    }
+    if {[info exists targetid] && $targetid eq $id} {
+	set targetid $p
+    }
+    setcanvscroll
+    drawvisible
+}
+
+proc first_real_child {vp} {
+    global children nullid nullid2
+
+    foreach id $children($vp) {
+	if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
+	    return $id
+	}
+    }
+    return {}
+}
+
+proc last_real_child {vp} {
+    global children nullid nullid2
+
+    set kids $children($vp)
+    for {set i [llength $kids]} {[incr i -1] >= 0} {} {
+	set id [lindex $kids $i]
+	if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
+	    return $id
+	}
+    }
+    return {}
+}
+
+proc vtokcmp {v a b} {
+    global varctok varcid
+
+    return [string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $varcid($v,$a)] \
+		[lindex $varctok($v) $varcid($v,$b)]]
+}
+
+# This assumes that if lim is not given, the caller has checked that
+# arc a's token is less than $vtokmod($v)
+proc modify_arc {v a {lim {}}} {
+    global varctok vtokmod varcmod varcrow vupptr curview vrowmod varccommits
+
+    if {$lim ne {}} {
+	set c [string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $a] $vtokmod($v)]
+	if {$c > 0} return
+	if {$c == 0} {
+	    set r [lindex $varcrow($v) $a]
+	    if {$r ne {} && $vrowmod($v) <= $r + $lim} return
+	}
+    }
+    set vtokmod($v) [lindex $varctok($v) $a]
+    set varcmod($v) $a
+    if {$v == $curview} {
+	while {$a != 0 && [lindex $varcrow($v) $a] eq {}} {
+	    set a [lindex $vupptr($v) $a]
+	    set lim {}
+	}
+	set r 0
+	if {$a != 0} {
+	    if {$lim eq {}} {
+		set lim [llength $varccommits($v,$a)]
+	    }
+	    set r [expr {[lindex $varcrow($v) $a] + $lim}]
+	}
+	set vrowmod($v) $r
+	undolayout $r
+    }
+}
+
+proc update_arcrows {v} {
+    global vtokmod varcmod vrowmod varcrow commitidx currentid selectedline
+    global varcid vrownum varcorder varcix varccommits
+    global vupptr vdownptr vleftptr varctok
+    global displayorder parentlist curview cached_commitrow
+
+    if {$vrowmod($v) == $commitidx($v)} return
+    if {$v == $curview} {
+	if {[llength $displayorder] > $vrowmod($v)} {
+	    set displayorder [lrange $displayorder 0 [expr {$vrowmod($v) - 1}]]
+	    set parentlist [lrange $parentlist 0 [expr {$vrowmod($v) - 1}]]
+	}
+	catch {unset cached_commitrow}
+    }
+    set narctot [expr {[llength $varctok($v)] - 1}]
+    set a $varcmod($v)
+    while {$a != 0 && [lindex $varcix($v) $a] eq {}} {
+	# go up the tree until we find something that has a row number,
+	# or we get to a seed
+	set a [lindex $vupptr($v) $a]
+    }
+    if {$a == 0} {
+	set a [lindex $vdownptr($v) 0]
+	if {$a == 0} return
+	set vrownum($v) {0}
+	set varcorder($v) [list $a]
+	lset varcix($v) $a 0
+	lset varcrow($v) $a 0
+	set arcn 0
+	set row 0
+    } else {
+	set arcn [lindex $varcix($v) $a]
+	if {[llength $vrownum($v)] > $arcn + 1} {
+	    set vrownum($v) [lrange $vrownum($v) 0 $arcn]
+	    set varcorder($v) [lrange $varcorder($v) 0 $arcn]
+	}
+	set row [lindex $varcrow($v) $a]
+    }
+    while {1} {
+	set p $a
+	incr row [llength $varccommits($v,$a)]
+	# go down if possible
+	set b [lindex $vdownptr($v) $a]
+	if {$b == 0} {
+	    # if not, go left, or go up until we can go left
+	    while {$a != 0} {
+		set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $a]
+		if {$b != 0} break
+		set a [lindex $vupptr($v) $a]
+	    }
+	    if {$a == 0} break
+	}
+	set a $b
+	incr arcn
+	lappend vrownum($v) $row
+	lappend varcorder($v) $a
+	lset varcix($v) $a $arcn
+	lset varcrow($v) $a $row
+    }
+    set vtokmod($v) [lindex $varctok($v) $p]
+    set varcmod($v) $p
+    set vrowmod($v) $row
+    if {[info exists currentid]} {
+	set selectedline [rowofcommit $currentid]
+    }
+}
+
+# Test whether view $v contains commit $id
+proc commitinview {id v} {
+    global varcid
+
+    return [info exists varcid($v,$id)]
+}
+
+# Return the row number for commit $id in the current view
+proc rowofcommit {id} {
+    global varcid varccommits varcrow curview cached_commitrow
+    global varctok vtokmod
+
+    set v $curview
+    if {![info exists varcid($v,$id)]} {
+	puts "oops rowofcommit no arc for [shortids $id]"
+	return {}
+    }
+    set a $varcid($v,$id)
+    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $a] $vtokmod($v)] >= 0} {
+	update_arcrows $v
+    }
+    if {[info exists cached_commitrow($id)]} {
+	return $cached_commitrow($id)
+    }
+    set i [lsearch -exact $varccommits($v,$a) $id]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	puts "oops didn't find commit [shortids $id] in arc $a"
+	return {}
+    }
+    incr i [lindex $varcrow($v) $a]
+    set cached_commitrow($id) $i
+    return $i
+}
+
+# Returns 1 if a is on an earlier row than b, otherwise 0
+proc comes_before {a b} {
+    global varcid varctok curview
+
+    set v $curview
+    if {$a eq $b || ![info exists varcid($v,$a)] || \
+	    ![info exists varcid($v,$b)]} {
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {$varcid($v,$a) != $varcid($v,$b)} {
+	return [expr {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $varcid($v,$a)] \
+			   [lindex $varctok($v) $varcid($v,$b)]] < 0}]
+    }
+    return [expr {[rowofcommit $a] < [rowofcommit $b]}]
+}
+
+proc bsearch {l elt} {
+    if {[llength $l] == 0 || $elt <= [lindex $l 0]} {
+	return 0
+    }
+    set lo 0
+    set hi [llength $l]
+    while {$hi - $lo > 1} {
+	set mid [expr {int(($lo + $hi) / 2)}]
+	set t [lindex $l $mid]
+	if {$elt < $t} {
+	    set hi $mid
+	} elseif {$elt > $t} {
+	    set lo $mid
+	} else {
+	    return $mid
+	}
+    }
+    return $lo
+}
+
+# Make sure rows $start..$end-1 are valid in displayorder and parentlist
+proc make_disporder {start end} {
+    global vrownum curview commitidx displayorder parentlist
+    global varccommits varcorder parents vrowmod varcrow
+    global d_valid_start d_valid_end
+
+    if {$end > $vrowmod($curview)} {
+	update_arcrows $curview
+    }
+    set ai [bsearch $vrownum($curview) $start]
+    set start [lindex $vrownum($curview) $ai]
+    set narc [llength $vrownum($curview)]
+    for {set r $start} {$ai < $narc && $r < $end} {incr ai} {
+	set a [lindex $varcorder($curview) $ai]
+	set l [llength $displayorder]
+	set al [llength $varccommits($curview,$a)]
+	if {$l < $r + $al} {
+	    if {$l < $r} {
+		set pad [ntimes [expr {$r - $l}] {}]
+		set displayorder [concat $displayorder $pad]
+		set parentlist [concat $parentlist $pad]
+	    } elseif {$l > $r} {
+		set displayorder [lrange $displayorder 0 [expr {$r - 1}]]
+		set parentlist [lrange $parentlist 0 [expr {$r - 1}]]
+	    }
+	    foreach id $varccommits($curview,$a) {
+		lappend displayorder $id
+		lappend parentlist $parents($curview,$id)
+	    }
+	} elseif {[lindex $displayorder [expr {$r + $al - 1}]] eq {}} {
+	    set i $r
+	    foreach id $varccommits($curview,$a) {
+		lset displayorder $i $id
+		lset parentlist $i $parents($curview,$id)
+		incr i
+	    }
+	}
+	incr r $al
+    }
+}
+
+proc commitonrow {row} {
+    global displayorder
+
+    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+    if {$id eq {}} {
+	make_disporder $row [expr {$row + 1}]
+	set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+    }
+    return $id
+}
+
+proc closevarcs {v} {
+    global varctok varccommits varcid parents children
+    global cmitlisted commitidx vtokmod
+
+    set missing_parents 0
+    set scripts {}
+    set narcs [llength $varctok($v)]
+    for {set a 1} {$a < $narcs} {incr a} {
+	set id [lindex $varccommits($v,$a) end]
+	foreach p $parents($v,$id) {
+	    if {[info exists varcid($v,$p)]} continue
+	    # add p as a new commit
+	    incr missing_parents
+	    set cmitlisted($v,$p) 0
+	    set parents($v,$p) {}
+	    if {[llength $children($v,$p)] == 1 &&
+		[llength $parents($v,$id)] == 1} {
+		set b $a
+	    } else {
+		set b [newvarc $v $p]
+	    }
+	    set varcid($v,$p) $b
+	    if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $b] $vtokmod($v)] < 0} {
+		modify_arc $v $b
+	    }
+	    lappend varccommits($v,$b) $p
+	    incr commitidx($v)
+	    set scripts [check_interest $p $scripts]
+	}
+    }
+    if {$missing_parents > 0} {
+	foreach s $scripts {
+	    eval $s
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+# Use $rwid as a substitute for $id, i.e. reparent $id's children to $rwid
+# Assumes we already have an arc for $rwid.
+proc rewrite_commit {v id rwid} {
+    global children parents varcid varctok vtokmod varccommits
+
+    foreach ch $children($v,$id) {
+	# make $rwid be $ch's parent in place of $id
+	set i [lsearch -exact $parents($v,$ch) $id]
+	if {$i < 0} {
+	    puts "oops rewrite_commit didn't find $id in parent list for $ch"
+	}
+	set parents($v,$ch) [lreplace $parents($v,$ch) $i $i $rwid]
+	# add $ch to $rwid's children and sort the list if necessary
+	if {[llength [lappend children($v,$rwid) $ch]] > 1} {
+	    set children($v,$rwid) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $v] \
+					$children($v,$rwid)]
+	}
+	# fix the graph after joining $id to $rwid
+	set a $varcid($v,$ch)
+	fix_reversal $rwid $a $v
+	# parentlist is wrong for the last element of arc $a
+	# even if displayorder is right, hence the 3rd arg here
+	modify_arc $v $a [expr {[llength $varccommits($v,$a)] - 1}]
+    }
+}
+
+# Mechanism for registering a command to be executed when we come
+# across a particular commit.  To handle the case when only the
+# prefix of the commit is known, the commitinterest array is now
+# indexed by the first 4 characters of the ID.  Each element is a
+# list of id, cmd pairs.
+proc interestedin {id cmd} {
+    global commitinterest
+
+    lappend commitinterest([string range $id 0 3]) $id $cmd
+}
+
+proc check_interest {id scripts} {
+    global commitinterest
+
+    set prefix [string range $id 0 3]
+    if {[info exists commitinterest($prefix)]} {
+	set newlist {}
+	foreach {i script} $commitinterest($prefix) {
+	    if {[string match "$i*" $id]} {
+		lappend scripts [string map [list "%I" $id "%P" $i] $script]
+	    } else {
+		lappend newlist $i $script
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$newlist ne {}} {
+	    set commitinterest($prefix) $newlist
+	} else {
+	    unset commitinterest($prefix)
+	}
+    }
+    return $scripts
+}
+
+proc getcommitlines {fd inst view updating}  {
+    global cmitlisted leftover
+    global commitidx commitdata vdatemode
+    global parents children curview hlview
+    global idpending ordertok
+    global varccommits varcid varctok vtokmod vfilelimit
+
+    set stuff [read $fd 500000]
+    # git log doesn't terminate the last commit with a null...
+    if {$stuff == {} && $leftover($inst) ne {} && [eof $fd]} {
+	set stuff "\0"
+    }
+    if {$stuff == {}} {
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+	global commfd viewcomplete viewactive viewname
+	global viewinstances
+	unset commfd($inst)
+	set i [lsearch -exact $viewinstances($view) $inst]
+	if {$i >= 0} {
+	    set viewinstances($view) [lreplace $viewinstances($view) $i $i]
+	}
+	# set it blocking so we wait for the process to terminate
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+	    set fv {}
+	    if {$view != $curview} {
+		set fv " for the \"$viewname($view)\" view"
+	    }
+	    if {[string range $err 0 4] == "usage"} {
+		set err "Gitk: error reading commits$fv:\
+			bad arguments to git log."
+		if {$viewname($view) eq "Command line"} {
+		    append err \
+			"  (Note: arguments to gitk are passed to git log\
+			 to allow selection of commits to be displayed.)"
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set err "Error reading commits$fv: $err"
+	    }
+	    error_popup $err
+	}
+	if {[incr viewactive($view) -1] <= 0} {
+	    set viewcomplete($view) 1
+	    # Check if we have seen any ids listed as parents that haven't
+	    # appeared in the list
+	    closevarcs $view
+	    notbusy $view
+	}
+	if {$view == $curview} {
+	    run chewcommits
+	}
+	return 0
+    }
+    set start 0
+    set gotsome 0
+    set scripts {}
+    while 1 {
+	set i [string first "\0" $stuff $start]
+	if {$i < 0} {
+	    append leftover($inst) [string range $stuff $start end]
+	    break
+	}
+	if {$start == 0} {
+	    set cmit $leftover($inst)
+	    append cmit [string range $stuff 0 [expr {$i - 1}]]
+	    set leftover($inst) {}
+	} else {
+	    set cmit [string range $stuff $start [expr {$i - 1}]]
+	}
+	set start [expr {$i + 1}]
+	set j [string first "\n" $cmit]
+	set ok 0
+	set listed 1
+	if {$j >= 0 && [string match "commit *" $cmit]} {
+	    set ids [string range $cmit 7 [expr {$j - 1}]]
+	    if {[string match {[-^<>]*} $ids]} {
+		switch -- [string index $ids 0] {
+		    "-" {set listed 0}
+		    "^" {set listed 2}
+		    "<" {set listed 3}
+		    ">" {set listed 4}
+		}
+		set ids [string range $ids 1 end]
+	    }
+	    set ok 1
+	    foreach id $ids {
+		if {[string length $id] != 40} {
+		    set ok 0
+		    break
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {!$ok} {
+	    set shortcmit $cmit
+	    if {[string length $shortcmit] > 80} {
+		set shortcmit "[string range $shortcmit 0 80]..."
+	    }
+	    error_popup "[mc "Can't parse git log output:"] {$shortcmit}"
+	    exit 1
+	}
+	set id [lindex $ids 0]
+	set vid $view,$id
+
+	if {!$listed && $updating && ![info exists varcid($vid)] &&
+	    $vfilelimit($view) ne {}} {
+	    # git log doesn't rewrite parents for unlisted commits
+	    # when doing path limiting, so work around that here
+	    # by working out the rewritten parent with git rev-list
+	    # and if we already know about it, using the rewritten
+	    # parent as a substitute parent for $id's children.
+	    if {![catch {
+		set rwid [exec git rev-list --first-parent --max-count=1 \
+			      $id -- $vfilelimit($view)]
+	    }]} {
+		if {$rwid ne {} && [info exists varcid($view,$rwid)]} {
+		    # use $rwid in place of $id
+		    rewrite_commit $view $id $rwid
+		    continue
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+	set a 0
+	if {[info exists varcid($vid)]} {
+	    if {$cmitlisted($vid) || !$listed} continue
+	    set a $varcid($vid)
+	}
+	if {$listed} {
+	    set olds [lrange $ids 1 end]
+	} else {
+	    set olds {}
+	}
+	set commitdata($id) [string range $cmit [expr {$j + 1}] end]
+	set cmitlisted($vid) $listed
+	set parents($vid) $olds
+	if {![info exists children($vid)]} {
+	    set children($vid) {}
+	} elseif {$a == 0 && [llength $children($vid)] == 1} {
+	    set k [lindex $children($vid) 0]
+	    if {[llength $parents($view,$k)] == 1 &&
+		(!$vdatemode($view) ||
+		 $varcid($view,$k) == [llength $varctok($view)] - 1)} {
+		set a $varcid($view,$k)
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$a == 0} {
+	    # new arc
+	    set a [newvarc $view $id]
+	}
+	if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($view) $a] $vtokmod($view)] < 0} {
+	    modify_arc $view $a
+	}
+	if {![info exists varcid($vid)]} {
+	    set varcid($vid) $a
+	    lappend varccommits($view,$a) $id
+	    incr commitidx($view)
+	}
+
+	set i 0
+	foreach p $olds {
+	    if {$i == 0 || [lsearch -exact $olds $p] >= $i} {
+		set vp $view,$p
+		if {[llength [lappend children($vp) $id]] > 1 &&
+		    [vtokcmp $view [lindex $children($vp) end-1] $id] > 0} {
+		    set children($vp) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $view] \
+					   $children($vp)]
+		    catch {unset ordertok}
+		}
+		if {[info exists varcid($view,$p)]} {
+		    fix_reversal $p $a $view
+		}
+	    }
+	    incr i
+	}
+
+	set scripts [check_interest $id $scripts]
+	set gotsome 1
+    }
+    if {$gotsome} {
+	global numcommits hlview
+
+	if {$view == $curview} {
+	    set numcommits $commitidx($view)
+	    run chewcommits
+	}
+	if {[info exists hlview] && $view == $hlview} {
+	    # we never actually get here...
+	    run vhighlightmore
+	}
+	foreach s $scripts {
+	    eval $s
+	}
+    }
+    return 2
+}
+
+proc chewcommits {} {
+    global curview hlview viewcomplete
+    global pending_select
+
+    layoutmore
+    if {$viewcomplete($curview)} {
+	global commitidx varctok
+	global numcommits startmsecs
+
+	if {[info exists pending_select]} {
+	    update
+	    reset_pending_select {}
+
+	    if {[commitinview $pending_select $curview]} {
+		selectline [rowofcommit $pending_select] 1
+	    } else {
+		set row [first_real_row]
+		selectline $row 1
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$commitidx($curview) > 0} {
+	    #set ms [expr {[clock clicks -milliseconds] - $startmsecs}]
+	    #puts "overall $ms ms for $numcommits commits"
+	    #puts "[llength $varctok($view)] arcs, $commitidx($view) commits"
+	} else {
+	    show_status [mc "No commits selected"]
+	}
+	notbusy layout
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc do_readcommit {id} {
+    global tclencoding
+
+    # Invoke git-log to handle automatic encoding conversion
+    set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color --pretty=raw -1 $id] r]
+    # Read the results using i18n.logoutputencoding
+    fconfigure $fd -translation lf -eofchar {}
+    if {$tclencoding != {}} {
+	fconfigure $fd -encoding $tclencoding
+    }
+    set contents [read $fd]
+    close $fd
+    # Remove the heading line
+    regsub {^commit [0-9a-f]+\n} $contents {} contents
+
+    return $contents
+}
+
+proc readcommit {id} {
+    if {[catch {set contents [do_readcommit $id]}]} return
+    parsecommit $id $contents 1
+}
+
+proc parsecommit {id contents listed} {
+    global commitinfo cdate
+
+    set inhdr 1
+    set comment {}
+    set headline {}
+    set auname {}
+    set audate {}
+    set comname {}
+    set comdate {}
+    set hdrend [string first "\n\n" $contents]
+    if {$hdrend < 0} {
+	# should never happen...
+	set hdrend [string length $contents]
+    }
+    set header [string range $contents 0 [expr {$hdrend - 1}]]
+    set comment [string range $contents [expr {$hdrend + 2}] end]
+    foreach line [split $header "\n"] {
+	set line [split $line " "]
+	set tag [lindex $line 0]
+	if {$tag == "author"} {
+	    set audate [lindex $line end-1]
+	    set auname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
+	} elseif {$tag == "committer"} {
+	    set comdate [lindex $line end-1]
+	    set comname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
+	}
+    }
+    set headline {}
+    # take the first non-blank line of the comment as the headline
+    set headline [string trimleft $comment]
+    set i [string first "\n" $headline]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	set headline [string range $headline 0 $i]
+    }
+    set headline [string trimright $headline]
+    set i [string first "\r" $headline]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	set headline [string trimright [string range $headline 0 $i]]
+    }
+    if {!$listed} {
+	# git log indents the comment by 4 spaces;
+	# if we got this via git cat-file, add the indentation
+	set newcomment {}
+	foreach line [split $comment "\n"] {
+	    append newcomment "    "
+	    append newcomment $line
+	    append newcomment "\n"
+	}
+	set comment $newcomment
+    }
+    if {$comdate != {}} {
+	set cdate($id) $comdate
+    }
+    set commitinfo($id) [list $headline $auname $audate \
+			     $comname $comdate $comment]
+}
+
+proc getcommit {id} {
+    global commitdata commitinfo
+
+    if {[info exists commitdata($id)]} {
+	parsecommit $id $commitdata($id) 1
+    } else {
+	readcommit $id
+	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+	    set commitinfo($id) [list [mc "No commit information available"]]
+	}
+    }
+    return 1
+}
+
+# Expand an abbreviated commit ID to a list of full 40-char IDs that match
+# and are present in the current view.
+# This is fairly slow...
+proc longid {prefix} {
+    global varcid curview
+
+    set ids {}
+    foreach match [array names varcid "$curview,$prefix*"] {
+	lappend ids [lindex [split $match ","] 1]
+    }
+    return $ids
+}
+
+proc readrefs {} {
+    global tagids idtags headids idheads tagobjid
+    global otherrefids idotherrefs mainhead mainheadid
+    global selecthead selectheadid
+
+    foreach v {tagids idtags headids idheads otherrefids idotherrefs} {
+	catch {unset $v}
+    }
+    set refd [open [list | git show-ref -d] r]
+    while {[gets $refd line] >= 0} {
+	if {[string index $line 40] ne " "} continue
+	set id [string range $line 0 39]
+	set ref [string range $line 41 end]
+	if {![string match "refs/*" $ref]} continue
+	set name [string range $ref 5 end]
+	if {[string match "remotes/*" $name]} {
+	    if {![string match "*/HEAD" $name]} {
+		set headids($name) $id
+		lappend idheads($id) $name
+	    }
+	} elseif {[string match "heads/*" $name]} {
+	    set name [string range $name 6 end]
+	    set headids($name) $id
+	    lappend idheads($id) $name
+	} elseif {[string match "tags/*" $name]} {
+	    # this lets refs/tags/foo^{} overwrite refs/tags/foo,
+	    # which is what we want since the former is the commit ID
+	    set name [string range $name 5 end]
+	    if {[string match "*^{}" $name]} {
+		set name [string range $name 0 end-3]
+	    } else {
+		set tagobjid($name) $id
+	    }
+	    set tagids($name) $id
+	    lappend idtags($id) $name
+	} else {
+	    set otherrefids($name) $id
+	    lappend idotherrefs($id) $name
+	}
+    }
+    catch {close $refd}
+    set mainhead {}
+    set mainheadid {}
+    catch {
+	set mainheadid [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+	set thehead [exec git symbolic-ref HEAD]
+	if {[string match "refs/heads/*" $thehead]} {
+	    set mainhead [string range $thehead 11 end]
+	}
+    }
+    set selectheadid {}
+    if {$selecthead ne {}} {
+	catch {
+	    set selectheadid [exec git rev-parse --verify $selecthead]
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+# skip over fake commits
+proc first_real_row {} {
+    global nullid nullid2 numcommits
+
+    for {set row 0} {$row < $numcommits} {incr row} {
+	set id [commitonrow $row]
+	if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
+	    break
+	}
+    }
+    return $row
+}
+
+# update things for a head moved to a child of its previous location
+proc movehead {id name} {
+    global headids idheads
+
+    removehead $headids($name) $name
+    set headids($name) $id
+    lappend idheads($id) $name
+}
+
+# update things when a head has been removed
+proc removehead {id name} {
+    global headids idheads
+
+    if {$idheads($id) eq $name} {
+	unset idheads($id)
+    } else {
+	set i [lsearch -exact $idheads($id) $name]
+	if {$i >= 0} {
+	    set idheads($id) [lreplace $idheads($id) $i $i]
+	}
+    }
+    unset headids($name)
+}
+
+proc make_transient {window origin} {
+    global have_tk85
+
+    # In MacOS Tk 8.4 transient appears to work by setting
+    # overrideredirect, which is utterly useless, since the
+    # windows get no border, and are not even kept above
+    # the parent.
+    if {!$have_tk85 && [tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} return
+
+    wm transient $window $origin
+
+    # Windows fails to place transient windows normally, so
+    # schedule a callback to center them on the parent.
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {win32}} {
+	after idle [list tk::PlaceWindow $window widget $origin]
+    }
+}
+
+proc show_error {w top msg} {
+    message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
+    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
+    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "destroy $top"
+    pack $w.ok -side bottom -fill x
+    bind $top <Visibility> "grab $top; focus $top"
+    bind $top <Key-Return> "destroy $top"
+    bind $top <Key-space>  "destroy $top"
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> "destroy $top"
+    tkwait window $top
+}
+
+proc error_popup {msg {owner .}} {
+    set w .error
+    toplevel $w
+    make_transient $w $owner
+    show_error $w $w $msg
+}
+
+proc confirm_popup {msg {owner .}} {
+    global confirm_ok
+    set confirm_ok 0
+    set w .confirm
+    toplevel $w
+    make_transient $w $owner
+    message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
+    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
+    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    pack $w.ok -side left -fill x
+    button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
+    pack $w.cancel -side right -fill x
+    bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
+    bind $w <Key-Return> "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    bind $w <Key-space>  "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+    tkwait window $w
+    return $confirm_ok
+}
+
+proc setoptions {} {
+    option add *Panedwindow.showHandle 1 startupFile
+    option add *Panedwindow.sashRelief raised startupFile
+    option add *Button.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Checkbutton.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Radiobutton.font uifont startupFile
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "aqua"} {
+	option add *Menu.font uifont startupFile
+    }
+    option add *Menubutton.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Label.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Message.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Entry.font uifont startupFile
+}
+
+# Make a menu and submenus.
+# m is the window name for the menu, items is the list of menu items to add.
+# Each item is a list {mc label type description options...}
+# mc is ignored; it's so we can put mc there to alert xgettext
+# label is the string that appears in the menu
+# type is cascade, command or radiobutton (should add checkbutton)
+# description depends on type; it's the sublist for cascade, the
+# command to invoke for command, or {variable value} for radiobutton
+proc makemenu {m items} {
+    menu $m
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} {
+	set Meta1 Cmd
+    } else {
+	set Meta1 Ctrl
+    }
+    foreach i $items {
+	set name [mc [lindex $i 1]]
+	set type [lindex $i 2]
+	set thing [lindex $i 3]
+	set params [list $type]
+	if {$name ne {}} {
+	    set u [string first "&" [string map {&& x} $name]]
+	    lappend params -label [string map {&& & & {}} $name]
+	    if {$u >= 0} {
+		lappend params -underline $u
+	    }
+	}
+	switch -- $type {
+	    "cascade" {
+		set submenu [string tolower [string map {& ""} [lindex $i 1]]]
+		lappend params -menu $m.$submenu
+	    }
+	    "command" {
+		lappend params -command $thing
+	    }
+	    "radiobutton" {
+		lappend params -variable [lindex $thing 0] \
+		    -value [lindex $thing 1]
+	    }
+	}
+	set tail [lrange $i 4 end]
+	regsub -all {\yMeta1\y} $tail $Meta1 tail
+	eval $m add $params $tail
+	if {$type eq "cascade"} {
+	    makemenu $m.$submenu $thing
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+# translate string and remove ampersands
+proc mca {str} {
+    return [string map {&& & & {}} [mc $str]]
+}
+
+proc makewindow {} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3 linespc charspc ctext cflist cscroll
+    global tabstop
+    global findtype findtypemenu findloc findstring fstring geometry
+    global entries sha1entry sha1string sha1but
+    global diffcontextstring diffcontext
+    global ignorespace
+    global maincursor textcursor curtextcursor
+    global rowctxmenu fakerowmenu mergemax wrapcomment
+    global highlight_files gdttype
+    global searchstring sstring
+    global bgcolor fgcolor bglist fglist diffcolors selectbgcolor
+    global headctxmenu progresscanv progressitem progresscoords statusw
+    global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
+    global rprogitem rprogcoord rownumsel numcommits
+    global have_tk85
+
+    # The "mc" arguments here are purely so that xgettext
+    # sees the following string as needing to be translated
+    set file {
+	mc "File" cascade {
+	    {mc "Update" command updatecommits -accelerator F5}
+	    {mc "Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Meta1-F5}
+	    {mc "Reread references" command rereadrefs}
+	    {mc "List references" command showrefs -accelerator F2}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	    {mc "Start git gui" command {exec git gui &}}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	    {mc "Quit" command doquit -accelerator Meta1-Q}
+	}}
+    set edit {
+	mc "Edit" cascade {
+	    {mc "Preferences" command doprefs}
+	}}
+    set view {
+	mc "View" cascade {
+	    {mc "New view..." command {newview 0} -accelerator Shift-F4}
+	    {mc "Edit view..." command editview -state disabled -accelerator F4}
+	    {mc "Delete view" command delview -state disabled}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	    {mc "All files" radiobutton {selectedview 0} -command {showview 0}}
+	}}
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "aqua"} {
+	set help {
+	mc "Help" cascade {
+	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
+	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
+	}}
+	set bar [list $file $edit $view $help]
+    } else {
+	proc ::tk::mac::ShowPreferences {} {doprefs}
+	proc ::tk::mac::Quit {} {doquit}
+	lset file end [lreplace [lindex $file end] end-1 end]
+	set apple {
+	xx "Apple" cascade {
+	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	}}
+	set help {
+	mc "Help" cascade {
+	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
+	}}
+	set bar [list $apple $file $view $help]
+    }
+    makemenu .bar $bar
+    . configure -menu .bar
+
+    # the gui has upper and lower half, parts of a paned window.
+    panedwindow .ctop -orient vertical
+
+    # possibly use assumed geometry
+    if {![info exists geometry(pwsash0)]} {
+        set geometry(topheight) [expr {15 * $linespc}]
+        set geometry(topwidth) [expr {80 * $charspc}]
+        set geometry(botheight) [expr {15 * $linespc}]
+        set geometry(botwidth) [expr {50 * $charspc}]
+        set geometry(pwsash0) "[expr {40 * $charspc}] 2"
+        set geometry(pwsash1) "[expr {60 * $charspc}] 2"
+    }
+
+    # the upper half will have a paned window, a scroll bar to the right, and some stuff below
+    frame .tf -height $geometry(topheight) -width $geometry(topwidth)
+    frame .tf.histframe
+    panedwindow .tf.histframe.pwclist -orient horizontal -sashpad 0 -handlesize 4
+
+    # create three canvases
+    set cscroll .tf.histframe.csb
+    set canv .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv
+    canvas $canv \
+	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor \
+	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 \
+	-yscrollincr $linespc -yscrollcommand "scrollcanv $cscroll"
+    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv
+    set canv2 .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv2
+    canvas $canv2 \
+	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor \
+	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 -yscrollincr $linespc
+    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv2
+    set canv3 .tf.histframe.pwclist.canv3
+    canvas $canv3 \
+	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor \
+	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 -yscrollincr $linespc
+    .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv3
+    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 0 $geometry(pwsash0)
+    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 1 $geometry(pwsash1)
+
+    # a scroll bar to rule them
+    scrollbar $cscroll -command {allcanvs yview} -highlightthickness 0
+    pack $cscroll -side right -fill y
+    bind .tf.histframe.pwclist <Configure> {resizeclistpanes %W %w}
+    lappend bglist $canv $canv2 $canv3
+    pack .tf.histframe.pwclist -fill both -expand 1 -side left
+
+    # we have two button bars at bottom of top frame. Bar 1
+    frame .tf.bar
+    frame .tf.lbar -height 15
+
+    set sha1entry .tf.bar.sha1
+    set entries $sha1entry
+    set sha1but .tf.bar.sha1label
+    button $sha1but -text [mc "SHA1 ID: "] -state disabled -relief flat \
+	-command gotocommit -width 8
+    $sha1but conf -disabledforeground [$sha1but cget -foreground]
+    pack .tf.bar.sha1label -side left
+    entry $sha1entry -width 40 -font textfont -textvariable sha1string
+    trace add variable sha1string write sha1change
+    pack $sha1entry -side left -pady 2
+
+    image create bitmap bm-left -data {
+	#define left_width 16
+	#define left_height 16
+	static unsigned char left_bits[] = {
+	0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
+	0x0e, 0x00, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
+	0x38, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01};
+    }
+    image create bitmap bm-right -data {
+	#define right_width 16
+	#define right_height 16
+	static unsigned char right_bits[] = {
+	0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c,
+	0x00, 0x38, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c,
+	0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x01};
+    }
+    button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
+	-state disabled -width 26
+    pack .tf.bar.leftbut -side left -fill y
+    button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
+	-state disabled -width 26
+    pack .tf.bar.rightbut -side left -fill y
+
+    label .tf.bar.rowlabel -text [mc "Row"]
+    set rownumsel {}
+    label .tf.bar.rownum -width 7 -font textfont -textvariable rownumsel \
+	-relief sunken -anchor e
+    label .tf.bar.rowlabel2 -text "/"
+    label .tf.bar.numcommits -width 7 -font textfont -textvariable numcommits \
+	-relief sunken -anchor e
+    pack .tf.bar.rowlabel .tf.bar.rownum .tf.bar.rowlabel2 .tf.bar.numcommits \
+	-side left
+    global selectedline
+    trace add variable selectedline write selectedline_change
+
+    # Status label and progress bar
+    set statusw .tf.bar.status
+    label $statusw -width 15 -relief sunken
+    pack $statusw -side left -padx 5
+    set h [expr {[font metrics uifont -linespace] + 2}]
+    set progresscanv .tf.bar.progress
+    canvas $progresscanv -relief sunken -height $h -borderwidth 2
+    set progressitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill green]
+    set fprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill yellow]
+    set rprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill red]
+    pack $progresscanv -side right -expand 1 -fill x
+    set progresscoords {0 0}
+    set fprogcoord 0
+    set rprogcoord 0
+    bind $progresscanv <Configure> adjustprogress
+    set lastprogupdate [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set progupdatepending 0
+
+    # build up the bottom bar of upper window
+    label .tf.lbar.flabel -text "[mc "Find"] "
+    button .tf.lbar.fnext -text [mc "next"] -command {dofind 1 1}
+    button .tf.lbar.fprev -text [mc "prev"] -command {dofind -1 1}
+    label .tf.lbar.flab2 -text " [mc "commit"] "
+    pack .tf.lbar.flabel .tf.lbar.fnext .tf.lbar.fprev .tf.lbar.flab2 \
+	-side left -fill y
+    set gdttype [mc "containing:"]
+    set gm [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.gdttype gdttype \
+		[mc "containing:"] \
+		[mc "touching paths:"] \
+		[mc "adding/removing string:"]]
+    trace add variable gdttype write gdttype_change
+    pack .tf.lbar.gdttype -side left -fill y
+
+    set findstring {}
+    set fstring .tf.lbar.findstring
+    lappend entries $fstring
+    entry $fstring -width 30 -font textfont -textvariable findstring
+    trace add variable findstring write find_change
+    set findtype [mc "Exact"]
+    set findtypemenu [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.findtype \
+		      findtype [mc "Exact"] [mc "IgnCase"] [mc "Regexp"]]
+    trace add variable findtype write findcom_change
+    set findloc [mc "All fields"]
+    tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.findloc findloc [mc "All fields"] [mc "Headline"] \
+	[mc "Comments"] [mc "Author"] [mc "Committer"]
+    trace add variable findloc write find_change
+    pack .tf.lbar.findloc -side right
+    pack .tf.lbar.findtype -side right
+    pack $fstring -side left -expand 1 -fill x
+
+    # Finish putting the upper half of the viewer together
+    pack .tf.lbar -in .tf -side bottom -fill x
+    pack .tf.bar -in .tf -side bottom -fill x
+    pack .tf.histframe -fill both -side top -expand 1
+    .ctop add .tf
+    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -height $geometry(topheight)
+    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -width $geometry(topwidth)
+
+    # now build up the bottom
+    panedwindow .pwbottom -orient horizontal
+
+    # lower left, a text box over search bar, scroll bar to the right
+    # if we know window height, then that will set the lower text height, otherwise
+    # we set lower text height which will drive window height
+    if {[info exists geometry(main)]} {
+        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
+    } else {
+        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth) -height $geometry(botheight)
+    }
+    frame .bleft.top
+    frame .bleft.mid
+    frame .bleft.bottom
+
+    button .bleft.top.search -text [mc "Search"] -command dosearch
+    pack .bleft.top.search -side left -padx 5
+    set sstring .bleft.top.sstring
+    entry $sstring -width 20 -font textfont -textvariable searchstring
+    lappend entries $sstring
+    trace add variable searchstring write incrsearch
+    pack $sstring -side left -expand 1 -fill x
+    radiobutton .bleft.mid.diff -text [mc "Diff"] \
+	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {0 0}
+    radiobutton .bleft.mid.old -text [mc "Old version"] \
+	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {0 1}
+    radiobutton .bleft.mid.new -text [mc "New version"] \
+	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {1 0}
+    label .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext -text "      [mc "Lines of context"]: "
+    pack .bleft.mid.diff .bleft.mid.old .bleft.mid.new -side left
+    spinbox .bleft.mid.diffcontext -width 5 -font textfont \
+	-from 0 -increment 1 -to 10000000 \
+	-validate all -validatecommand "diffcontextvalidate %P" \
+	-textvariable diffcontextstring
+    .bleft.mid.diffcontext set $diffcontext
+    trace add variable diffcontextstring write diffcontextchange
+    lappend entries .bleft.mid.diffcontext
+    pack .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext .bleft.mid.diffcontext -side left
+    checkbutton .bleft.mid.ignspace -text [mc "Ignore space change"] \
+	-command changeignorespace -variable ignorespace
+    pack .bleft.mid.ignspace -side left -padx 5
+    set ctext .bleft.bottom.ctext
+    text $ctext -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
+	-state disabled -font textfont \
+	-yscrollcommand scrolltext -wrap none \
+	-xscrollcommand ".bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal set"
+    if {$have_tk85} {
+	$ctext conf -tabstyle wordprocessor
+    }
+    scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sb -command "$ctext yview"
+    scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal -command "$ctext xview" -orient h \
+	-width 10
+    pack .bleft.top -side top -fill x
+    pack .bleft.mid -side top -fill x
+    grid $ctext .bleft.bottom.sb -sticky nsew
+    grid .bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal -sticky ew
+    grid columnconfigure .bleft.bottom 0 -weight 1
+    grid rowconfigure .bleft.bottom 0 -weight 1
+    grid rowconfigure .bleft.bottom 1 -weight 0
+    pack .bleft.bottom -side top -fill both -expand 1
+    lappend bglist $ctext
+    lappend fglist $ctext
+
+    $ctext tag conf comment -wrap $wrapcomment
+    $ctext tag conf filesep -font textfontbold -back "#aaaaaa"
+    $ctext tag conf hunksep -fore [lindex $diffcolors 2]
+    $ctext tag conf d0 -fore [lindex $diffcolors 0]
+    $ctext tag conf dresult -fore [lindex $diffcolors 1]
+    $ctext tag conf m0 -fore red
+    $ctext tag conf m1 -fore blue
+    $ctext tag conf m2 -fore green
+    $ctext tag conf m3 -fore purple
+    $ctext tag conf m4 -fore brown
+    $ctext tag conf m5 -fore "#009090"
+    $ctext tag conf m6 -fore magenta
+    $ctext tag conf m7 -fore "#808000"
+    $ctext tag conf m8 -fore "#009000"
+    $ctext tag conf m9 -fore "#ff0080"
+    $ctext tag conf m10 -fore cyan
+    $ctext tag conf m11 -fore "#b07070"
+    $ctext tag conf m12 -fore "#70b0f0"
+    $ctext tag conf m13 -fore "#70f0b0"
+    $ctext tag conf m14 -fore "#f0b070"
+    $ctext tag conf m15 -fore "#ff70b0"
+    $ctext tag conf mmax -fore darkgrey
+    set mergemax 16
+    $ctext tag conf mresult -font textfontbold
+    $ctext tag conf msep -font textfontbold
+    $ctext tag conf found -back yellow
+
+    .pwbottom add .bleft
+    .pwbottom paneconfigure .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
+
+    # lower right
+    frame .bright
+    frame .bright.mode
+    radiobutton .bright.mode.patch -text [mc "Patch"] \
+	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "patch"
+    radiobutton .bright.mode.tree -text [mc "Tree"] \
+	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "tree"
+    grid .bright.mode.patch .bright.mode.tree -sticky ew
+    pack .bright.mode -side top -fill x
+    set cflist .bright.cfiles
+    set indent [font measure mainfont "nn"]
+    text $cflist \
+	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor \
+	-background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
+	-font mainfont \
+	-tabs [list $indent [expr {2 * $indent}]] \
+	-yscrollcommand ".bright.sb set" \
+	-cursor [. cget -cursor] \
+	-spacing1 1 -spacing3 1
+    lappend bglist $cflist
+    lappend fglist $cflist
+    scrollbar .bright.sb -command "$cflist yview"
+    pack .bright.sb -side right -fill y
+    pack $cflist -side left -fill both -expand 1
+    $cflist tag configure highlight \
+	-background [$cflist cget -selectbackground]
+    $cflist tag configure bold -font mainfontbold
+
+    .pwbottom add .bright
+    .ctop add .pwbottom
+
+    # restore window width & height if known
+    if {[info exists geometry(main)]} {
+	if {[scan $geometry(main) "%dx%d" w h] >= 2} {
+	    if {$w > [winfo screenwidth .]} {
+		set w [winfo screenwidth .]
+	    }
+	    if {$h > [winfo screenheight .]} {
+		set h [winfo screenheight .]
+	    }
+	    wm geometry . "${w}x$h"
+	}
+    }
+
+    if {[info exists geometry(state)] && $geometry(state) eq "zoomed"} {
+        wm state . $geometry(state)
+    }
+
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} {
+        set M1B M1
+        set ::BM "3"
+    } else {
+        set M1B Control
+        set ::BM "2"
+    }
+
+    bind .pwbottom <Configure> {resizecdetpanes %W %w}
+    pack .ctop -fill both -expand 1
+    bindall <1> {selcanvline %W %x %y}
+    #bindall <B1-Motion> {selcanvline %W %x %y}
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] == "win32"} {
+	bind . <MouseWheel> { windows_mousewheel_redirector %W %X %Y %D }
+	bind $ctext <MouseWheel> { windows_mousewheel_redirector %W %X %Y %D ; break }
+    } else {
+	bindall <ButtonRelease-4> "allcanvs yview scroll -5 units"
+	bindall <ButtonRelease-5> "allcanvs yview scroll 5 units"
+        if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+            bindall <MouseWheel> {
+                set delta [expr {- (%D)}]
+                allcanvs yview scroll $delta units
+            }
+            bindall <Shift-MouseWheel> {
+                set delta [expr {- (%D)}]
+                $canv xview scroll $delta units
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    bindall <$::BM> "canvscan mark %W %x %y"
+    bindall <B$::BM-Motion> "canvscan dragto %W %x %y"
+    bindkey <Home> selfirstline
+    bindkey <End> sellastline
+    bind . <Key-Up> "selnextline -1"
+    bind . <Key-Down> "selnextline 1"
+    bind . <Shift-Key-Up> "dofind -1 0"
+    bind . <Shift-Key-Down> "dofind 1 0"
+    bindkey <Key-Right> "goforw"
+    bindkey <Key-Left> "goback"
+    bind . <Key-Prior> "selnextpage -1"
+    bind . <Key-Next> "selnextpage 1"
+    bind . <$M1B-Home> "allcanvs yview moveto 0.0"
+    bind . <$M1B-End> "allcanvs yview moveto 1.0"
+    bind . <$M1B-Key-Up> "allcanvs yview scroll -1 units"
+    bind . <$M1B-Key-Down> "allcanvs yview scroll 1 units"
+    bind . <$M1B-Key-Prior> "allcanvs yview scroll -1 pages"
+    bind . <$M1B-Key-Next> "allcanvs yview scroll 1 pages"
+    bindkey <Key-Delete> "$ctext yview scroll -1 pages"
+    bindkey <Key-BackSpace> "$ctext yview scroll -1 pages"
+    bindkey <Key-space> "$ctext yview scroll 1 pages"
+    bindkey p "selnextline -1"
+    bindkey n "selnextline 1"
+    bindkey z "goback"
+    bindkey x "goforw"
+    bindkey i "selnextline -1"
+    bindkey k "selnextline 1"
+    bindkey j "goback"
+    bindkey l "goforw"
+    bindkey b prevfile
+    bindkey d "$ctext yview scroll 18 units"
+    bindkey u "$ctext yview scroll -18 units"
+    bindkey / {focus $fstring}
+    bindkey <Key-KP_Divide> {focus $fstring}
+    bindkey <Key-Return> {dofind 1 1}
+    bindkey ? {dofind -1 1}
+    bindkey f nextfile
+    bind . <F5> updatecommits
+    bind . <$M1B-F5> reloadcommits
+    bind . <F2> showrefs
+    bind . <Shift-F4> {newview 0}
+    catch { bind . <Shift-Key-XF86_Switch_VT_4> {newview 0} }
+    bind . <F4> edit_or_newview
+    bind . <$M1B-q> doquit
+    bind . <$M1B-f> {dofind 1 1}
+    bind . <$M1B-g> {dofind 1 0}
+    bind . <$M1B-r> dosearchback
+    bind . <$M1B-s> dosearch
+    bind . <$M1B-equal> {incrfont 1}
+    bind . <$M1B-plus> {incrfont 1}
+    bind . <$M1B-KP_Add> {incrfont 1}
+    bind . <$M1B-minus> {incrfont -1}
+    bind . <$M1B-KP_Subtract> {incrfont -1}
+    wm protocol . WM_DELETE_WINDOW doquit
+    bind . <Destroy> {stop_backends}
+    bind . <Button-1> "click %W"
+    bind $fstring <Key-Return> {dofind 1 1}
+    bind $sha1entry <Key-Return> {gotocommit; break}
+    bind $sha1entry <<PasteSelection>> clearsha1
+    bind $cflist <1> {sel_flist %W %x %y; break}
+    bind $cflist <B1-Motion> {sel_flist %W %x %y; break}
+    bind $cflist <ButtonRelease-1> {treeclick %W %x %y}
+    global ctxbut
+    bind $cflist $ctxbut {pop_flist_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
+    bind $ctext $ctxbut {pop_diff_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
+
+    set maincursor [. cget -cursor]
+    set textcursor [$ctext cget -cursor]
+    set curtextcursor $textcursor
+
+    set rowctxmenu .rowctxmenu
+    makemenu $rowctxmenu {
+	{mc "Diff this -> selected" command {diffvssel 0}}
+	{mc "Diff selected -> this" command {diffvssel 1}}
+	{mc "Make patch" command mkpatch}
+	{mc "Create tag" command mktag}
+	{mc "Write commit to file" command writecommit}
+	{mc "Create new branch" command mkbranch}
+	{mc "Cherry-pick this commit" command cherrypick}
+	{mc "Reset HEAD branch to here" command resethead}
+	{mc "Mark this commit" command markhere}
+	{mc "Return to mark" command gotomark}
+	{mc "Find descendant of this and mark" command find_common_desc}
+	{mc "Compare with marked commit" command compare_commits}
+    }
+    $rowctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
+
+    set fakerowmenu .fakerowmenu
+    makemenu $fakerowmenu {
+	{mc "Diff this -> selected" command {diffvssel 0}}
+	{mc "Diff selected -> this" command {diffvssel 1}}
+	{mc "Make patch" command mkpatch}
+    }
+    $fakerowmenu configure -tearoff 0
+
+    set headctxmenu .headctxmenu
+    makemenu $headctxmenu {
+	{mc "Check out this branch" command cobranch}
+	{mc "Remove this branch" command rmbranch}
+    }
+    $headctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
+
+    global flist_menu
+    set flist_menu .flistctxmenu
+    makemenu $flist_menu {
+	{mc "Highlight this too" command {flist_hl 0}}
+	{mc "Highlight this only" command {flist_hl 1}}
+	{mc "External diff" command {external_diff}}
+	{mc "Blame parent commit" command {external_blame 1}}
+    }
+    $flist_menu configure -tearoff 0
+
+    global diff_menu
+    set diff_menu .diffctxmenu
+    makemenu $diff_menu {
+	{mc "Show origin of this line" command show_line_source}
+	{mc "Run git gui blame on this line" command {external_blame_diff}}
+    }
+    $diff_menu configure -tearoff 0
+}
+
+# Windows sends all mouse wheel events to the current focused window, not
+# the one where the mouse hovers, so bind those events here and redirect
+# to the correct window
+proc windows_mousewheel_redirector {W X Y D} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3
+    set w [winfo containing -displayof $W $X $Y]
+    if {$w ne ""} {
+	set u [expr {$D < 0 ? 5 : -5}]
+	if {$w == $canv || $w == $canv2 || $w == $canv3} {
+	    allcanvs yview scroll $u units
+	} else {
+	    catch {
+		$w yview scroll $u units
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+# Update row number label when selectedline changes
+proc selectedline_change {n1 n2 op} {
+    global selectedline rownumsel
+
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} {
+	set rownumsel {}
+    } else {
+	set rownumsel [expr {$selectedline + 1}]
+    }
+}
+
+# mouse-2 makes all windows scan vertically, but only the one
+# the cursor is in scans horizontally
+proc canvscan {op w x y} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3
+    foreach c [list $canv $canv2 $canv3] {
+	if {$c == $w} {
+	    $c scan $op $x $y
+	} else {
+	    $c scan $op 0 $y
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc scrollcanv {cscroll f0 f1} {
+    $cscroll set $f0 $f1
+    drawvisible
+    flushhighlights
+}
+
+# when we make a key binding for the toplevel, make sure
+# it doesn't get triggered when that key is pressed in the
+# find string entry widget.
+proc bindkey {ev script} {
+    global entries
+    bind . $ev $script
+    set escript [bind Entry $ev]
+    if {$escript == {}} {
+	set escript [bind Entry <Key>]
+    }
+    foreach e $entries {
+	bind $e $ev "$escript; break"
+    }
+}
+
+# set the focus back to the toplevel for any click outside
+# the entry widgets
+proc click {w} {
+    global ctext entries
+    foreach e [concat $entries $ctext] {
+	if {$w == $e} return
+    }
+    focus .
+}
+
+# Adjust the progress bar for a change in requested extent or canvas size
+proc adjustprogress {} {
+    global progresscanv progressitem progresscoords
+    global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
+    global rprogitem rprogcoord
+
+    set w [expr {[winfo width $progresscanv] - 4}]
+    set x0 [expr {$w * [lindex $progresscoords 0]}]
+    set x1 [expr {$w * [lindex $progresscoords 1]}]
+    set h [winfo height $progresscanv]
+    $progresscanv coords $progressitem $x0 0 $x1 $h
+    $progresscanv coords $fprogitem 0 0 [expr {$w * $fprogcoord}] $h
+    $progresscanv coords $rprogitem 0 0 [expr {$w * $rprogcoord}] $h
+    set now [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    if {$now >= $lastprogupdate + 100} {
+	set progupdatepending 0
+	update
+    } elseif {!$progupdatepending} {
+	set progupdatepending 1
+	after [expr {$lastprogupdate + 100 - $now}] doprogupdate
+    }
+}
+
+proc doprogupdate {} {
+    global lastprogupdate progupdatepending
+
+    if {$progupdatepending} {
+	set progupdatepending 0
+	set lastprogupdate [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+	update
+    }
+}
+
+proc savestuff {w} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3 mainfont textfont uifont tabstop
+    global stuffsaved findmergefiles maxgraphpct
+    global maxwidth showneartags showlocalchanges
+    global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewargscmd viewperm nextviewnum
+    global cmitmode wrapcomment datetimeformat limitdiffs
+    global colors bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
+    global autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor
+
+    if {$stuffsaved} return
+    if {![winfo viewable .]} return
+    catch {
+	set f [open "~/.gitk-new" w]
+	if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
+	    file attributes "~/.gitk-new" -hidden true
+	}
+	puts $f [list set mainfont $mainfont]
+	puts $f [list set textfont $textfont]
+	puts $f [list set uifont $uifont]
+	puts $f [list set tabstop $tabstop]
+	puts $f [list set findmergefiles $findmergefiles]
+	puts $f [list set maxgraphpct $maxgraphpct]
+	puts $f [list set maxwidth $maxwidth]
+	puts $f [list set cmitmode $cmitmode]
+	puts $f [list set wrapcomment $wrapcomment]
+	puts $f [list set autoselect $autoselect]
+	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
+	puts $f [list set showlocalchanges $showlocalchanges]
+	puts $f [list set datetimeformat $datetimeformat]
+	puts $f [list set limitdiffs $limitdiffs]
+	puts $f [list set bgcolor $bgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set fgcolor $fgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set colors $colors]
+	puts $f [list set diffcolors $diffcolors]
+	puts $f [list set markbgcolor $markbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set diffcontext $diffcontext]
+	puts $f [list set selectbgcolor $selectbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set extdifftool $extdifftool]
+	puts $f [list set perfile_attrs $perfile_attrs]
+
+	puts $f "set geometry(main) [wm geometry .]"
+	puts $f "set geometry(state) [wm state .]"
+	puts $f "set geometry(topwidth) [winfo width .tf]"
+	puts $f "set geometry(topheight) [winfo height .tf]"
+        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 0]\""
+        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 1]\""
+	puts $f "set geometry(botwidth) [winfo width .bleft]"
+	puts $f "set geometry(botheight) [winfo height .bleft]"
+
+	puts -nonewline $f "set permviews {"
+	for {set v 0} {$v < $nextviewnum} {incr v} {
+	    if {$viewperm($v)} {
+		puts $f "{[list $viewname($v) $viewfiles($v) $viewargs($v) $viewargscmd($v)]}"
+	    }
+	}
+	puts $f "}"
+	close $f
+	file rename -force "~/.gitk-new" "~/.gitk"
+    }
+    set stuffsaved 1
+}
+
+proc resizeclistpanes {win w} {
+    global oldwidth
+    if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
+	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
+	set s1 [$win sash coord 1]
+	if {$w < 60} {
+	    set sash0 [expr {int($w/2 - 2)}]
+	    set sash1 [expr {int($w*5/6 - 2)}]
+	} else {
+	    set factor [expr {1.0 * $w / $oldwidth($win)}]
+	    set sash0 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s0 0])}]
+	    set sash1 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s1 0])}]
+	    if {$sash0 < 30} {
+		set sash0 30
+	    }
+	    if {$sash1 < $sash0 + 20} {
+		set sash1 [expr {$sash0 + 20}]
+	    }
+	    if {$sash1 > $w - 10} {
+		set sash1 [expr {$w - 10}]
+		if {$sash0 > $sash1 - 20} {
+		    set sash0 [expr {$sash1 - 20}]
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
+	$win sash place 1 $sash1 [lindex $s1 1]
+    }
+    set oldwidth($win) $w
+}
+
+proc resizecdetpanes {win w} {
+    global oldwidth
+    if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
+	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
+	if {$w < 60} {
+	    set sash0 [expr {int($w*3/4 - 2)}]
+	} else {
+	    set factor [expr {1.0 * $w / $oldwidth($win)}]
+	    set sash0 [expr {int($factor * [lindex $s0 0])}]
+	    if {$sash0 < 45} {
+		set sash0 45
+	    }
+	    if {$sash0 > $w - 15} {
+		set sash0 [expr {$w - 15}]
+	    }
+	}
+	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
+    }
+    set oldwidth($win) $w
+}
+
+proc allcanvs args {
+    global canv canv2 canv3
+    eval $canv $args
+    eval $canv2 $args
+    eval $canv3 $args
+}
+
+proc bindall {event action} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3
+    bind $canv $event $action
+    bind $canv2 $event $action
+    bind $canv3 $event $action
+}
+
+proc about {} {
+    global uifont
+    set w .about
+    if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+	raise $w
+	return
+    }
+    toplevel $w
+    wm title $w [mc "About gitk"]
+    make_transient $w .
+    message $w.m -text [mc "
+Gitk - a commit viewer for git
+
+Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras
+
+Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"] \
+	    -justify center -aspect 400 -border 2 -bg white -relief groove
+    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 2 -pady 2
+    button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
+    pack $w.ok -side bottom
+    bind $w <Visibility> "focus $w.ok"
+    bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+    bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+}
+
+proc keys {} {
+    set w .keys
+    if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+	raise $w
+	return
+    }
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} {
+	set M1T Cmd
+    } else {
+	set M1T Ctrl
+    }
+    toplevel $w
+    wm title $w [mc "Gitk key bindings"]
+    make_transient $w .
+    message $w.m -text "
+[mc "Gitk key bindings:"]
+
+[mc "<%s-Q>		Quit" $M1T]
+[mc "<Home>		Move to first commit"]
+[mc "<End>		Move to last commit"]
+[mc "<Up>, p, i	Move up one commit"]
+[mc "<Down>, n, k	Move down one commit"]
+[mc "<Left>, z, j	Go back in history list"]
+[mc "<Right>, x, l	Go forward in history list"]
+[mc "<PageUp>	Move up one page in commit list"]
+[mc "<PageDown>	Move down one page in commit list"]
+[mc "<%s-Home>	Scroll to top of commit list" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-End>	Scroll to bottom of commit list" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-Up>	Scroll commit list up one line" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-Down>	Scroll commit list down one line" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-PageUp>	Scroll commit list up one page" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-PageDown>	Scroll commit list down one page" $M1T]
+[mc "<Shift-Up>	Find backwards (upwards, later commits)"]
+[mc "<Shift-Down>	Find forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"]
+[mc "<Delete>, b	Scroll diff view up one page"]
+[mc "<Backspace>	Scroll diff view up one page"]
+[mc "<Space>		Scroll diff view down one page"]
+[mc "u		Scroll diff view up 18 lines"]
+[mc "d		Scroll diff view down 18 lines"]
+[mc "<%s-F>		Find" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-G>		Move to next find hit" $M1T]
+[mc "<Return>	Move to next find hit"]
+[mc "/		Focus the search box"]
+[mc "?		Move to previous find hit"]
+[mc "f		Scroll diff view to next file"]
+[mc "<%s-S>		Search for next hit in diff view" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-R>		Search for previous hit in diff view" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-KP+>	Increase font size" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-plus>	Increase font size" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-KP->	Decrease font size" $M1T]
+[mc "<%s-minus>	Decrease font size" $M1T]
+[mc "<F5>		Update"]
+" \
+	    -justify left -bg white -border 2 -relief groove
+    pack $w.m -side top -fill both -padx 2 -pady 2
+    button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
+    bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+    pack $w.ok -side bottom
+    bind $w <Visibility> "focus $w.ok"
+    bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+    bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+}
+
+# Procedures for manipulating the file list window at the
+# bottom right of the overall window.
+
+proc treeview {w l openlevs} {
+    global treecontents treediropen treeheight treeparent treeindex
+
+    set ix 0
+    set treeindex() 0
+    set lev 0
+    set prefix {}
+    set prefixend -1
+    set prefendstack {}
+    set htstack {}
+    set ht 0
+    set treecontents() {}
+    $w conf -state normal
+    foreach f $l {
+	while {[string range $f 0 $prefixend] ne $prefix} {
+	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
+		$w mark set e:$treeindex($prefix) "end -1c"
+		$w mark gravity e:$treeindex($prefix) left
+	    }
+	    set treeheight($prefix) $ht
+	    incr ht [lindex $htstack end]
+	    set htstack [lreplace $htstack end end]
+	    set prefixend [lindex $prefendstack end]
+	    set prefendstack [lreplace $prefendstack end end]
+	    set prefix [string range $prefix 0 $prefixend]
+	    incr lev -1
+	}
+	set tail [string range $f [expr {$prefixend+1}] end]
+	while {[set slash [string first "/" $tail]] >= 0} {
+	    lappend htstack $ht
+	    set ht 0
+	    lappend prefendstack $prefixend
+	    incr prefixend [expr {$slash + 1}]
+	    set d [string range $tail 0 $slash]
+	    lappend treecontents($prefix) $d
+	    set oldprefix $prefix
+	    append prefix $d
+	    set treecontents($prefix) {}
+	    set treeindex($prefix) [incr ix]
+	    set treeparent($prefix) $oldprefix
+	    set tail [string range $tail [expr {$slash+1}] end]
+	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
+		set ht 1
+		set treediropen($prefix) [expr {$lev < $openlevs}]
+		set bm [expr {$lev == $openlevs? "tri-rt": "tri-dn"}]
+		$w mark set d:$ix "end -1c"
+		$w mark gravity d:$ix left
+		set str "\n"
+		for {set i 0} {$i < $lev} {incr i} {append str "\t"}
+		$w insert end $str
+		$w image create end -align center -image $bm -padx 1 \
+		    -name a:$ix
+		$w insert end $d [highlight_tag $prefix]
+		$w mark set s:$ix "end -1c"
+		$w mark gravity s:$ix left
+	    }
+	    incr lev
+	}
+	if {$tail ne {}} {
+	    if {$lev <= $openlevs} {
+		incr ht
+		set str "\n"
+		for {set i 0} {$i < $lev} {incr i} {append str "\t"}
+		$w insert end $str
+		$w insert end $tail [highlight_tag $f]
+	    }
+	    lappend treecontents($prefix) $tail
+	}
+    }
+    while {$htstack ne {}} {
+	set treeheight($prefix) $ht
+	incr ht [lindex $htstack end]
+	set htstack [lreplace $htstack end end]
+	set prefixend [lindex $prefendstack end]
+	set prefendstack [lreplace $prefendstack end end]
+	set prefix [string range $prefix 0 $prefixend]
+    }
+    $w conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc linetoelt {l} {
+    global treeheight treecontents
+
+    set y 2
+    set prefix {}
+    while {1} {
+	foreach e $treecontents($prefix) {
+	    if {$y == $l} {
+		return "$prefix$e"
+	    }
+	    set n 1
+	    if {[string index $e end] eq "/"} {
+		set n $treeheight($prefix$e)
+		if {$y + $n > $l} {
+		    append prefix $e
+		    incr y
+		    break
+		}
+	    }
+	    incr y $n
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc highlight_tree {y prefix} {
+    global treeheight treecontents cflist
+
+    foreach e $treecontents($prefix) {
+	set path $prefix$e
+	if {[highlight_tag $path] ne {}} {
+	    $cflist tag add bold $y.0 "$y.0 lineend"
+	}
+	incr y
+	if {[string index $e end] eq "/" && $treeheight($path) > 1} {
+	    set y [highlight_tree $y $path]
+	}
+    }
+    return $y
+}
+
+proc treeclosedir {w dir} {
+    global treediropen treeheight treeparent treeindex
+
+    set ix $treeindex($dir)
+    $w conf -state normal
+    $w delete s:$ix e:$ix
+    set treediropen($dir) 0
+    $w image configure a:$ix -image tri-rt
+    $w conf -state disabled
+    set n [expr {1 - $treeheight($dir)}]
+    while {$dir ne {}} {
+	incr treeheight($dir) $n
+	set dir $treeparent($dir)
+    }
+}
+
+proc treeopendir {w dir} {
+    global treediropen treeheight treeparent treecontents treeindex
+
+    set ix $treeindex($dir)
+    $w conf -state normal
+    $w image configure a:$ix -image tri-dn
+    $w mark set e:$ix s:$ix
+    $w mark gravity e:$ix right
+    set lev 0
+    set str "\n"
+    set n [llength $treecontents($dir)]
+    for {set x $dir} {$x ne {}} {set x $treeparent($x)} {
+	incr lev
+	append str "\t"
+	incr treeheight($x) $n
+    }
+    foreach e $treecontents($dir) {
+	set de $dir$e
+	if {[string index $e end] eq "/"} {
+	    set iy $treeindex($de)
+	    $w mark set d:$iy e:$ix
+	    $w mark gravity d:$iy left
+	    $w insert e:$ix $str
+	    set treediropen($de) 0
+	    $w image create e:$ix -align center -image tri-rt -padx 1 \
+		-name a:$iy
+	    $w insert e:$ix $e [highlight_tag $de]
+	    $w mark set s:$iy e:$ix
+	    $w mark gravity s:$iy left
+	    set treeheight($de) 1
+	} else {
+	    $w insert e:$ix $str
+	    $w insert e:$ix $e [highlight_tag $de]
+	}
+    }
+    $w mark gravity e:$ix right
+    $w conf -state disabled
+    set treediropen($dir) 1
+    set top [lindex [split [$w index @0,0] .] 0]
+    set ht [$w cget -height]
+    set l [lindex [split [$w index s:$ix] .] 0]
+    if {$l < $top} {
+	$w yview $l.0
+    } elseif {$l + $n + 1 > $top + $ht} {
+	set top [expr {$l + $n + 2 - $ht}]
+	if {$l < $top} {
+	    set top $l
+	}
+	$w yview $top.0
+    }
+}
+
+proc treeclick {w x y} {
+    global treediropen cmitmode ctext cflist cflist_top
+
+    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} return
+    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
+    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
+    $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
+    $cflist tag add highlight $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
+    set cflist_top $l
+    if {$l == 1} {
+	$ctext yview 1.0
+	return
+    }
+    set e [linetoelt $l]
+    if {[string index $e end] ne "/"} {
+	showfile $e
+    } elseif {$treediropen($e)} {
+	treeclosedir $w $e
+    } else {
+	treeopendir $w $e
+    }
+}
+
+proc setfilelist {id} {
+    global treefilelist cflist jump_to_here
+
+    treeview $cflist $treefilelist($id) 0
+    if {$jump_to_here ne {}} {
+	set f [lindex $jump_to_here 0]
+	if {[lsearch -exact $treefilelist($id) $f] >= 0} {
+	    showfile $f
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+image create bitmap tri-rt -background black -foreground blue -data {
+    #define tri-rt_width 13
+    #define tri-rt_height 13
+    static unsigned char tri-rt_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x00,
+       0xf0, 0x01, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+       0x00, 0x00};
+} -maskdata {
+    #define tri-rt-mask_width 13
+    #define tri-rt-mask_height 13
+    static unsigned char tri-rt-mask_bits[] = {
+       0x08, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x01,
+       0xf8, 0x03, 0xf8, 0x01, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00,
+       0x08, 0x00};
+}
+image create bitmap tri-dn -background black -foreground blue -data {
+    #define tri-dn_width 13
+    #define tri-dn_height 13
+    static unsigned char tri-dn_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x03,
+       0xf0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+       0x00, 0x00};
+} -maskdata {
+    #define tri-dn-mask_width 13
+    #define tri-dn-mask_height 13
+    static unsigned char tri-dn-mask_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x07,
+       0xf8, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+       0x00, 0x00};
+}
+
+image create bitmap reficon-T -background black -foreground yellow -data {
+    #define tagicon_width 13
+    #define tagicon_height 9
+    static unsigned char tagicon_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x07,
+       0xfc, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x07, 0xf0, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+} -maskdata {
+    #define tagicon-mask_width 13
+    #define tagicon-mask_height 9
+    static unsigned char tagicon-mask_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f,
+       0xfe, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00};
+}
+set rectdata {
+    #define headicon_width 13
+    #define headicon_height 9
+    static unsigned char headicon_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x07,
+       0xf8, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+}
+set rectmask {
+    #define headicon-mask_width 13
+    #define headicon-mask_height 9
+    static unsigned char headicon-mask_bits[] = {
+       0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f,
+       0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00};
+}
+image create bitmap reficon-H -background black -foreground green \
+    -data $rectdata -maskdata $rectmask
+image create bitmap reficon-o -background black -foreground "#ddddff" \
+    -data $rectdata -maskdata $rectmask
+
+proc init_flist {first} {
+    global cflist cflist_top difffilestart
+
+    $cflist conf -state normal
+    $cflist delete 0.0 end
+    if {$first ne {}} {
+	$cflist insert end $first
+	set cflist_top 1
+	$cflist tag add highlight 1.0 "1.0 lineend"
+    } else {
+	catch {unset cflist_top}
+    }
+    $cflist conf -state disabled
+    set difffilestart {}
+}
+
+proc highlight_tag {f} {
+    global highlight_paths
+
+    foreach p $highlight_paths {
+	if {[string match $p $f]} {
+	    return "bold"
+	}
+    }
+    return {}
+}
+
+proc highlight_filelist {} {
+    global cmitmode cflist
+
+    $cflist conf -state normal
+    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} {
+	set end [lindex [split [$cflist index end] .] 0]
+	for {set l 2} {$l < $end} {incr l} {
+	    set line [$cflist get $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"]
+	    if {[highlight_tag $line] ne {}} {
+		$cflist tag add bold $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
+	    }
+	}
+    } else {
+	highlight_tree 2 {}
+    }
+    $cflist conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc unhighlight_filelist {} {
+    global cflist
+
+    $cflist conf -state normal
+    $cflist tag remove bold 1.0 end
+    $cflist conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc add_flist {fl} {
+    global cflist
+
+    $cflist conf -state normal
+    foreach f $fl {
+	$cflist insert end "\n"
+	$cflist insert end $f [highlight_tag $f]
+    }
+    $cflist conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc sel_flist {w x y} {
+    global ctext difffilestart cflist cflist_top cmitmode
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
+    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
+    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
+    $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
+    $cflist tag add highlight $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
+    set cflist_top $l
+    if {$l == 1} {
+	$ctext yview 1.0
+    } else {
+	catch {$ctext yview [lindex $difffilestart [expr {$l - 2}]]}
+    }
+}
+
+proc pop_flist_menu {w X Y x y} {
+    global ctext cflist cmitmode flist_menu flist_menu_file
+    global treediffs diffids
+
+    stopfinding
+    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
+    if {$l <= 1} return
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	set e [linetoelt $l]
+	if {[string index $e end] eq "/"} return
+    } else {
+	set e [lindex $treediffs($diffids) [expr {$l-2}]]
+    }
+    set flist_menu_file $e
+    set xdiffstate "normal"
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	set xdiffstate "disabled"
+    }
+    # Disable "External diff" item in tree mode
+    $flist_menu entryconf 2 -state $xdiffstate
+    tk_popup $flist_menu $X $Y
+}
+
+proc find_ctext_fileinfo {line} {
+    global ctext_file_names ctext_file_lines
+
+    set ok [bsearch $ctext_file_lines $line]
+    set tline [lindex $ctext_file_lines $ok]
+
+    if {$ok >= [llength $ctext_file_lines] || $line < $tline} {
+        return {}
+    } else {
+        return [list [lindex $ctext_file_names $ok] $tline]
+    }
+}
+
+proc pop_diff_menu {w X Y x y} {
+    global ctext diff_menu flist_menu_file
+    global diff_menu_txtpos diff_menu_line
+    global diff_menu_filebase
+
+    set diff_menu_txtpos [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."]
+    set diff_menu_line [lindex $diff_menu_txtpos 0]
+    # don't pop up the menu on hunk-separator or file-separator lines
+    if {[lsearch -glob [$ctext tag names $diff_menu_line.0] "*sep"] >= 0} {
+	return
+    }
+    stopfinding
+    set f [find_ctext_fileinfo $diff_menu_line]
+    if {$f eq {}} return
+    set flist_menu_file [lindex $f 0]
+    set diff_menu_filebase [lindex $f 1]
+    tk_popup $diff_menu $X $Y
+}
+
+proc flist_hl {only} {
+    global flist_menu_file findstring gdttype
+
+    set x [shellquote $flist_menu_file]
+    if {$only || $findstring eq {} || $gdttype ne [mc "touching paths:"]} {
+	set findstring $x
+    } else {
+	append findstring " " $x
+    }
+    set gdttype [mc "touching paths:"]
+}
+
+proc save_file_from_commit {filename output what} {
+    global nullfile
+
+    if {[catch {exec git show $filename -- > $output} err]} {
+	if {[string match "fatal: bad revision *" $err]} {
+	    return $nullfile
+	}
+	error_popup "[mc "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:" $filename $what] $err"
+	return {}
+    }
+    return $output
+}
+
+proc external_diff_get_one_file {diffid filename diffdir} {
+    global nullid nullid2 nullfile
+    global gitdir
+
+    if {$diffid == $nullid} {
+        set difffile [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $filename]
+	if {[file exists $difffile]} {
+	    return $difffile
+	}
+	return $nullfile
+    }
+    if {$diffid == $nullid2} {
+        set difffile [file join $diffdir "\[index\] [file tail $filename]"]
+        return [save_file_from_commit :$filename $difffile index]
+    }
+    set difffile [file join $diffdir "\[$diffid\] [file tail $filename]"]
+    return [save_file_from_commit $diffid:$filename $difffile \
+	       "revision $diffid"]
+}
+
+proc external_diff {} {
+    global gitktmpdir nullid nullid2
+    global flist_menu_file
+    global diffids
+    global diffnum
+    global gitdir extdifftool
+
+    if {[llength $diffids] == 1} {
+        # no reference commit given
+        set diffidto [lindex $diffids 0]
+        if {$diffidto eq $nullid} {
+            # diffing working copy with index
+            set diffidfrom $nullid2
+        } elseif {$diffidto eq $nullid2} {
+            # diffing index with HEAD
+            set diffidfrom "HEAD"
+        } else {
+            # use first parent commit
+            global parentlist selectedline
+            set diffidfrom [lindex $parentlist $selectedline 0]
+        }
+    } else {
+        set diffidfrom [lindex $diffids 0]
+        set diffidto [lindex $diffids 1]
+    }
+
+    # make sure that several diffs wont collide
+    if {![info exists gitktmpdir]} {
+	set gitktmpdir [file join [file dirname $gitdir] \
+			    [format ".gitk-tmp.%s" [pid]]]
+	if {[catch {file mkdir $gitktmpdir} err]} {
+	    error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $gitktmpdir] $err"
+	    unset gitktmpdir
+	    return
+	}
+	set diffnum 0
+    }
+    incr diffnum
+    set diffdir [file join $gitktmpdir $diffnum]
+    if {[catch {file mkdir $diffdir} err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $diffdir] $err"
+	return
+    }
+
+    # gather files to diff
+    set difffromfile [external_diff_get_one_file $diffidfrom $flist_menu_file $diffdir]
+    set difftofile [external_diff_get_one_file $diffidto $flist_menu_file $diffdir]
+
+    if {$difffromfile ne {} && $difftofile ne {}} {
+        set cmd [list [shellsplit $extdifftool] $difffromfile $difftofile]
+        if {[catch {set fl [open |$cmd r]} err]} {
+            file delete -force $diffdir
+            error_popup "$extdifftool: [mc "command failed:"] $err"
+        } else {
+            fconfigure $fl -blocking 0
+            filerun $fl [list delete_at_eof $fl $diffdir]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+proc find_hunk_blamespec {base line} {
+    global ctext
+
+    # Find and parse the hunk header
+    set s_lix [$ctext search -backwards -regexp ^@@ "$line.0 lineend" $base.0]
+    if {$s_lix eq {}} return
+
+    set s_line [$ctext get $s_lix "$s_lix + 1 lines"]
+    if {![regexp {^@@@*(( -\d+(,\d+)?)+) \+(\d+)(,\d+)? @@} $s_line \
+	    s_line old_specs osz osz1 new_line nsz]} {
+	return
+    }
+
+    # base lines for the parents
+    set base_lines [list $new_line]
+    foreach old_spec [lrange [split $old_specs " "] 1 end] {
+	if {![regexp -- {-(\d+)(,\d+)?} $old_spec \
+	        old_spec old_line osz]} {
+	    return
+	}
+	lappend base_lines $old_line
+    }
+
+    # Now scan the lines to determine offset within the hunk
+    set max_parent [expr {[llength $base_lines]-2}]
+    set dline 0
+    set s_lno [lindex [split $s_lix "."] 0]
+
+    # Determine if the line is removed
+    set chunk [$ctext get $line.0 "$line.1 + $max_parent chars"]
+    if {[string match {[-+ ]*} $chunk]} {
+	set removed_idx [string first "-" $chunk]
+	# Choose a parent index
+	if {$removed_idx >= 0} {
+	    set parent $removed_idx
+	} else {
+	    set unchanged_idx [string first " " $chunk]
+	    if {$unchanged_idx >= 0} {
+		set parent $unchanged_idx
+	    } else {
+		# blame the current commit
+		set parent -1
+	    }
+	}
+	# then count other lines that belong to it
+	for {set i $line} {[incr i -1] > $s_lno} {} {
+	    set chunk [$ctext get $i.0 "$i.1 + $max_parent chars"]
+	    # Determine if the line is removed
+	    set removed_idx [string first "-" $chunk]
+	    if {$parent >= 0} {
+		set code [string index $chunk $parent]
+		if {$code eq "-" || ($removed_idx < 0 && $code ne "+")} {
+		    incr dline
+		}
+	    } else {
+		if {$removed_idx < 0} {
+		    incr dline
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	incr parent
+    } else {
+	set parent 0
+    }
+
+    incr dline [lindex $base_lines $parent]
+    return [list $parent $dline]
+}
+
+proc external_blame_diff {} {
+    global currentid cmitmode
+    global diff_menu_txtpos diff_menu_line
+    global diff_menu_filebase flist_menu_file
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	set parent_idx 0
+	set line [expr {$diff_menu_line - $diff_menu_filebase}]
+    } else {
+	set hinfo [find_hunk_blamespec $diff_menu_filebase $diff_menu_line]
+	if {$hinfo ne {}} {
+	    set parent_idx [lindex $hinfo 0]
+	    set line [lindex $hinfo 1]
+	} else {
+	    set parent_idx 0
+	    set line 0
+	}
+    }
+
+    external_blame $parent_idx $line
+}
+
+# Find the SHA1 ID of the blob for file $fname in the index
+# at stage 0 or 2
+proc index_sha1 {fname} {
+    set f [open [list | git ls-files -s $fname] r]
+    while {[gets $f line] >= 0} {
+	set info [lindex [split $line "\t"] 0]
+	set stage [lindex $info 2]
+	if {$stage eq "0" || $stage eq "2"} {
+	    close $f
+	    return [lindex $info 1]
+	}
+    }
+    close $f
+    return {}
+}
+
+# Turn an absolute path into one relative to the current directory
+proc make_relative {f} {
+    set elts [file split $f]
+    set here [file split [pwd]]
+    set ei 0
+    set hi 0
+    set res {}
+    foreach d $here {
+	if {$ei < $hi || $ei >= [llength $elts] || [lindex $elts $ei] ne $d} {
+	    lappend res ".."
+	} else {
+	    incr ei
+	}
+	incr hi
+    }
+    set elts [concat $res [lrange $elts $ei end]]
+    return [eval file join $elts]
+}
+
+proc external_blame {parent_idx {line {}}} {
+    global flist_menu_file gitdir
+    global nullid nullid2
+    global parentlist selectedline currentid
+
+    if {$parent_idx > 0} {
+	set base_commit [lindex $parentlist $selectedline [expr {$parent_idx-1}]]
+    } else {
+	set base_commit $currentid
+    }
+
+    if {$base_commit eq {} || $base_commit eq $nullid || $base_commit eq $nullid2} {
+	error_popup [mc "No such commit"]
+	return
+    }
+
+    set cmdline [list git gui blame]
+    if {$line ne {} && $line > 1} {
+	lappend cmdline "--line=$line"
+    }
+    set f [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
+    # Unfortunately it seems git gui blame doesn't like
+    # being given an absolute path...
+    set f [make_relative $f]
+    lappend cmdline $base_commit $f
+    if {[catch {eval exec $cmdline &} err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "git gui blame: command failed:"] $err"
+    }
+}
+
+proc show_line_source {} {
+    global cmitmode currentid parents curview blamestuff blameinst
+    global diff_menu_line diff_menu_filebase flist_menu_file
+    global nullid nullid2 gitdir
+
+    set from_index {}
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	set id $currentid
+	set line [expr {$diff_menu_line - $diff_menu_filebase}]
+    } else {
+	set h [find_hunk_blamespec $diff_menu_filebase $diff_menu_line]
+	if {$h eq {}} return
+	set pi [lindex $h 0]
+	if {$pi == 0} {
+	    mark_ctext_line $diff_menu_line
+	    return
+	}
+	incr pi -1
+	if {$currentid eq $nullid} {
+	    if {$pi > 0} {
+		# must be a merge in progress...
+		if {[catch {
+		    # get the last line from .git/MERGE_HEAD
+		    set f [open [file join $gitdir MERGE_HEAD] r]
+		    set id [lindex [split [read $f] "\n"] end-1]
+		    close $f
+		} err]} {
+		    error_popup [mc "Couldn't read merge head: %s" $err]
+		    return
+		}
+	    } elseif {$parents($curview,$currentid) eq $nullid2} {
+		# need to do the blame from the index
+		if {[catch {
+		    set from_index [index_sha1 $flist_menu_file]
+		} err]} {
+		    error_popup [mc "Error reading index: %s" $err]
+		    return
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set id $parents($curview,$currentid)
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    set id [lindex $parents($curview,$currentid) $pi]
+	}
+	set line [lindex $h 1]
+    }
+    set blameargs {}
+    if {$from_index ne {}} {
+	lappend blameargs | git cat-file blob $from_index
+    }
+    lappend blameargs | git blame -p -L$line,+1
+    if {$from_index ne {}} {
+	lappend blameargs --contents -
+    } else {
+	lappend blameargs $id
+    }
+    lappend blameargs -- [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
+    if {[catch {
+	set f [open $blameargs r]
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Couldn't start git blame: %s" $err]
+	return
+    }
+    nowbusy blaming [mc "Searching"]
+    fconfigure $f -blocking 0
+    set i [reg_instance $f]
+    set blamestuff($i) {}
+    set blameinst $i
+    filerun $f [list read_line_source $f $i]
+}
+
+proc stopblaming {} {
+    global blameinst
+
+    if {[info exists blameinst]} {
+	stop_instance $blameinst
+	unset blameinst
+	notbusy blaming
+    }
+}
+
+proc read_line_source {fd inst} {
+    global blamestuff curview commfd blameinst nullid nullid2
+
+    while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+	lappend blamestuff($inst) $line
+    }
+    if {![eof $fd]} {
+	return 1
+    }
+    unset commfd($inst)
+    unset blameinst
+    notbusy blaming
+    fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+    if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Error running git blame: %s" $err]
+	return 0
+    }
+
+    set fname {}
+    set line [split [lindex $blamestuff($inst) 0] " "]
+    set id [lindex $line 0]
+    set lnum [lindex $line 1]
+    if {[string length $id] == 40 && [string is xdigit $id] &&
+	[string is digit -strict $lnum]} {
+	# look for "filename" line
+	foreach l $blamestuff($inst) {
+	    if {[string match "filename *" $l]} {
+		set fname [string range $l 9 end]
+		break
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$fname ne {}} {
+	# all looks good, select it
+	if {$id eq $nullid} {
+	    # blame uses all-zeroes to mean not committed,
+	    # which would mean a change in the index
+	    set id $nullid2
+	}
+	if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
+	    selectline [rowofcommit $id] 1 [list $fname $lnum]
+	} else {
+	    error_popup [mc "That line comes from commit %s, \
+			     which is not in this view" [shortids $id]]
+	}
+    } else {
+	puts "oops couldn't parse git blame output"
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+# delete $dir when we see eof on $f (presumably because the child has exited)
+proc delete_at_eof {f dir} {
+    while {[gets $f line] >= 0} {}
+    if {[eof $f]} {
+	if {[catch {close $f} err]} {
+	    error_popup "[mc "External diff viewer failed:"] $err"
+	}
+	file delete -force $dir
+	return 0
+    }
+    return 1
+}
+
+# Functions for adding and removing shell-type quoting
+
+proc shellquote {str} {
+    if {![string match "*\['\"\\ \t]*" $str]} {
+	return $str
+    }
+    if {![string match "*\['\"\\]*" $str]} {
+	return "\"$str\""
+    }
+    if {![string match "*'*" $str]} {
+	return "'$str'"
+    }
+    return "\"[string map {\" \\\" \\ \\\\} $str]\""
+}
+
+proc shellarglist {l} {
+    set str {}
+    foreach a $l {
+	if {$str ne {}} {
+	    append str " "
+	}
+	append str [shellquote $a]
+    }
+    return $str
+}
+
+proc shelldequote {str} {
+    set ret {}
+    set used -1
+    while {1} {
+	incr used
+	if {![regexp -start $used -indices "\['\"\\\\ \t]" $str first]} {
+	    append ret [string range $str $used end]
+	    set used [string length $str]
+	    break
+	}
+	set first [lindex $first 0]
+	set ch [string index $str $first]
+	if {$first > $used} {
+	    append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
+	    set used $first
+	}
+	if {$ch eq " " || $ch eq "\t"} break
+	incr used
+	if {$ch eq "'"} {
+	    set first [string first "'" $str $used]
+	    if {$first < 0} {
+		error "unmatched single-quote"
+	    }
+	    append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
+	    set used $first
+	    continue
+	}
+	if {$ch eq "\\"} {
+	    if {$used >= [string length $str]} {
+		error "trailing backslash"
+	    }
+	    append ret [string index $str $used]
+	    continue
+	}
+	# here ch == "\""
+	while {1} {
+	    if {![regexp -start $used -indices "\[\"\\\\]" $str first]} {
+		error "unmatched double-quote"
+	    }
+	    set first [lindex $first 0]
+	    set ch [string index $str $first]
+	    if {$first > $used} {
+		append ret [string range $str $used [expr {$first - 1}]]
+		set used $first
+	    }
+	    if {$ch eq "\""} break
+	    incr used
+	    append ret [string index $str $used]
+	    incr used
+	}
+    }
+    return [list $used $ret]
+}
+
+proc shellsplit {str} {
+    set l {}
+    while {1} {
+	set str [string trimleft $str]
+	if {$str eq {}} break
+	set dq [shelldequote $str]
+	set n [lindex $dq 0]
+	set word [lindex $dq 1]
+	set str [string range $str $n end]
+	lappend l $word
+    }
+    return $l
+}
+
+# Code to implement multiple views
+
+proc newview {ishighlight} {
+    global nextviewnum newviewname newishighlight
+    global revtreeargs viewargscmd newviewopts curview
+
+    set newishighlight $ishighlight
+    set top .gitkview
+    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
+	raise $top
+	return
+    }
+    set newviewname($nextviewnum) "[mc "View"] $nextviewnum"
+    set newviewopts($nextviewnum,perm) 0
+    set newviewopts($nextviewnum,cmd)  $viewargscmd($curview)
+    decode_view_opts $nextviewnum $revtreeargs
+    vieweditor $top $nextviewnum [mc "Gitk view definition"]
+}
+
+set known_view_options {
+    {perm      b    .  {}               {mc "Remember this view"}}
+    {reflabel  l    +  {}               {mc "References (space separated list):"}}
+    {refs      t15  .. {}               {mc "Branches & tags:"}}
+    {allrefs   b    *. "--all"          {mc "All refs"}}
+    {branches  b    .  "--branches"     {mc "All (local) branches"}}
+    {tags      b    .  "--tags"         {mc "All tags"}}
+    {remotes   b    .  "--remotes"      {mc "All remote-tracking branches"}}
+    {commitlbl l    +  {}               {mc "Commit Info (regular expressions):"}}
+    {author    t15  .. "--author=*"     {mc "Author:"}}
+    {committer t15  .  "--committer=*"  {mc "Committer:"}}
+    {loginfo   t15  .. "--grep=*"       {mc "Commit Message:"}}
+    {allmatch  b    .. "--all-match"    {mc "Matches all Commit Info criteria"}}
+    {changes_l l    +  {}               {mc "Changes to Files:"}}
+    {pickaxe_s r0   .  {}               {mc "Fixed String"}}
+    {pickaxe_t r1   .  "--pickaxe-regex"  {mc "Regular Expression"}}
+    {pickaxe   t15  .. "-S*"            {mc "Search string:"}}
+    {datelabel l    +  {}               {mc "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 15:27:38\"):"}}
+    {since     t15  ..  {"--since=*" "--after=*"}  {mc "Since:"}}
+    {until     t15  .   {"--until=*" "--before=*"} {mc "Until:"}}
+    {limit_lbl l    +  {}               {mc "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"}}
+    {limit     t10  *. "--max-count=*"  {mc "Number to show:"}}
+    {skip      t10  .  "--skip=*"       {mc "Number to skip:"}}
+    {misc_lbl  l    +  {}               {mc "Miscellaneous options:"}}
+    {dorder    b    *. {"--date-order" "-d"}      {mc "Strictly sort by date"}}
+    {lright    b    .  "--left-right"   {mc "Mark branch sides"}}
+    {first     b    .  "--first-parent" {mc "Limit to first parent"}}
+    {smplhst   b    .  "--simplify-by-decoration"   {mc "Simple history"}}
+    {args      t50  *. {}               {mc "Additional arguments to git log:"}}
+    {allpaths  path +  {}               {mc "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"}}
+    {cmd       t50= +  {}               {mc "Command to generate more commits to include:"}}
+    }
+
+proc encode_view_opts {n} {
+    global known_view_options newviewopts
+
+    set rargs [list]
+    foreach opt $known_view_options {
+	set patterns [lindex $opt 3]
+	if {$patterns eq {}} continue
+	set pattern [lindex $patterns 0]
+
+	if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0])
+	    if {$val} {
+		lappend rargs $pattern
+	    }
+	} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1] type value]} {
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} [lindex $opt 0] uselessvar button_id
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,$button_id)
+	    if {$val eq $value} {
+		lappend rargs $pattern
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0])
+	    set val [string trim $val]
+	    if {$val ne {}} {
+		set pfix [string range $pattern 0 end-1]
+		lappend rargs $pfix$val
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set rargs [concat $rargs [shellsplit $newviewopts($n,refs)]]
+    return [concat $rargs [shellsplit $newviewopts($n,args)]]
+}
+
+proc decode_view_opts {n view_args} {
+    global known_view_options newviewopts
+
+    foreach opt $known_view_options {
+	set id [lindex $opt 0]
+	if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+	    # Checkboxes
+	    set val 0
+        } elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1]]} {
+	    # Radiobuttons
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar id
+	    set val 0
+	} else {
+	    # Text fields
+	    set val {}
+	}
+	set newviewopts($n,$id) $val
+    }
+    set oargs [list]
+    set refargs [list]
+    foreach arg $view_args {
+	if {[regexp -- {^-([0-9]+)$} $arg arg cnt]
+	    && ![info exists found(limit)]} {
+	    set newviewopts($n,limit) $cnt
+	    set found(limit) 1
+	    continue
+	}
+	catch { unset val }
+	foreach opt $known_view_options {
+	    set id [lindex $opt 0]
+	    if {[info exists found($id)]} continue
+	    foreach pattern [lindex $opt 3] {
+		if {![string match $pattern $arg]} continue
+		if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+		    # Check buttons
+		    set val 1
+		} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1] match num]} {
+		    # Radio buttons
+		    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar id
+		    set val $num
+		} else {
+		    # Text input fields
+		    set size [string length $pattern]
+		    set val [string range $arg [expr {$size-1}] end]
+		}
+		set newviewopts($n,$id) $val
+		set found($id) 1
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {[info exists val]} break
+	}
+	if {[info exists val]} continue
+	if {[regexp {^-} $arg]} {
+	    lappend oargs $arg
+	} else {
+	    lappend refargs $arg
+	}
+    }
+    set newviewopts($n,refs) [shellarglist $refargs]
+    set newviewopts($n,args) [shellarglist $oargs]
+}
+
+proc edit_or_newview {} {
+    global curview
+
+    if {$curview > 0} {
+	editview
+    } else {
+	newview 0
+    }
+}
+
+proc editview {} {
+    global curview
+    global viewname viewperm newviewname newviewopts
+    global viewargs viewargscmd
+
+    set top .gitkvedit-$curview
+    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
+	raise $top
+	return
+    }
+    set newviewname($curview)      $viewname($curview)
+    set newviewopts($curview,perm) $viewperm($curview)
+    set newviewopts($curview,cmd)  $viewargscmd($curview)
+    decode_view_opts $curview $viewargs($curview)
+    vieweditor $top $curview "[mc "Gitk: edit view"] $viewname($curview)"
+}
+
+proc vieweditor {top n title} {
+    global newviewname newviewopts viewfiles bgcolor
+    global known_view_options
+
+    toplevel $top
+    wm title $top [concat $title [mc "-- criteria for selecting revisions"]]
+    make_transient $top .
+
+    # View name
+    frame $top.nfr
+    label $top.nl -text [mc "View Name:"]
+    entry $top.name -width 20 -textvariable newviewname($n)
+    pack $top.nfr -in $top -fill x -pady 5 -padx 3
+    pack $top.nl -in $top.nfr -side left -padx {0 5}
+    pack $top.name -in $top.nfr -side left -padx {0 25}
+
+    # View options
+    set cframe $top.nfr
+    set cexpand 0
+    set cnt 0
+    foreach opt $known_view_options {
+	set id [lindex $opt 0]
+	set type [lindex $opt 1]
+	set flags [lindex $opt 2]
+	set title [eval [lindex $opt 4]]
+	set lxpad 0
+
+	if {$flags eq "+" || $flags eq "*"} {
+	    set cframe $top.fr$cnt
+	    incr cnt
+	    frame $cframe
+	    pack $cframe -in $top -fill x -pady 3 -padx 3
+	    set cexpand [expr {$flags eq "*"}]
+        } elseif {$flags eq ".." || $flags eq "*."} {
+	    set cframe $top.fr$cnt
+	    incr cnt
+	    frame $cframe
+	    pack $cframe -in $top -fill x -pady 3 -padx [list 15 3]
+	    set cexpand [expr {$flags eq "*."}]
+	} else {
+	    set lxpad 5
+	}
+
+	if {$type eq "l"} {
+            label $cframe.l_$id -text $title
+            pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side left -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w
+	} elseif {$type eq "b"} {
+	    checkbutton $cframe.c_$id -text $title -variable newviewopts($n,$id)
+	    pack $cframe.c_$id -in $cframe -side left \
+		-padx [list $lxpad 0] -expand $cexpand -anchor w
+	} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} $type type sz]} {
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar button_id
+	    radiobutton $cframe.c_$id -text $title -variable newviewopts($n,$button_id) -value $sz
+	    pack $cframe.c_$id -in $cframe -side left \
+		-padx [list $lxpad 0] -expand $cexpand -anchor w
+	} elseif {[regexp {^t(\d+)$} $type type sz]} {
+	    message $cframe.l_$id -aspect 1500 -text $title
+	    entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
+		-textvariable newviewopts($n,$id)
+	    pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side left -padx [list $lxpad 0]
+	    pack $cframe.e_$id -in $cframe -side left -expand 1 -fill x
+	} elseif {[regexp {^t(\d+)=$} $type type sz]} {
+	    message $cframe.l_$id -aspect 1500 -text $title
+	    entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
+		-textvariable newviewopts($n,$id)
+	    pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side top -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w
+	    pack $cframe.e_$id -in $cframe -side top -fill x
+	} elseif {$type eq "path"} {
+	    message $top.l -aspect 1500 -text $title
+	    pack $top.l -in $top -side top -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w -padx 3
+	    text $top.t -width 40 -height 5 -background $bgcolor -font uifont
+	    if {[info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
+		foreach f $viewfiles($n) {
+		    $top.t insert end $f
+		    $top.t insert end "\n"
+		}
+		$top.t delete {end - 1c} end
+		$top.t mark set insert 0.0
+	    }
+	    pack $top.t -in $top -side top -pady [list 0 5] -fill both -expand 1 -padx 3
+	}
+    }
+
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command [list newviewok $top $n]
+    button $top.buts.apply -text [mc "Apply (F5)"] -command [list newviewok $top $n 1]
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command [list destroy $top]
+    bind $top <Control-Return> [list newviewok $top $n]
+    bind $top <F5> [list newviewok $top $n 1]
+    bind $top <Escape> [list destroy $top]
+    grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.apply $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 2 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    pack $top.buts -in $top -side top -fill x
+    focus $top.t
+}
+
+proc doviewmenu {m first cmd op argv} {
+    set nmenu [$m index end]
+    for {set i $first} {$i <= $nmenu} {incr i} {
+	if {[$m entrycget $i -command] eq $cmd} {
+	    eval $m $op $i $argv
+	    break
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc allviewmenus {n op args} {
+    # global viewhlmenu
+
+    doviewmenu .bar.view 5 [list showview $n] $op $args
+    # doviewmenu $viewhlmenu 1 [list addvhighlight $n] $op $args
+}
+
+proc newviewok {top n {apply 0}} {
+    global nextviewnum newviewperm newviewname newishighlight
+    global viewname viewfiles viewperm selectedview curview
+    global viewargs viewargscmd newviewopts viewhlmenu
+
+    if {[catch {
+	set newargs [encode_view_opts $n]
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error in commit selection arguments:"] $err" $top
+	return
+    }
+    set files {}
+    foreach f [split [$top.t get 0.0 end] "\n"] {
+	set ft [string trim $f]
+	if {$ft ne {}} {
+	    lappend files $ft
+	}
+    }
+    if {![info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
+	# creating a new view
+	incr nextviewnum
+	set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
+	set viewperm($n) $newviewopts($n,perm)
+	set viewfiles($n) $files
+	set viewargs($n) $newargs
+	set viewargscmd($n) $newviewopts($n,cmd)
+	addviewmenu $n
+	if {!$newishighlight} {
+	    run showview $n
+	} else {
+	    run addvhighlight $n
+	}
+    } else {
+	# editing an existing view
+	set viewperm($n) $newviewopts($n,perm)
+	if {$newviewname($n) ne $viewname($n)} {
+	    set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
+	    doviewmenu .bar.view 5 [list showview $n] \
+		entryconf [list -label $viewname($n)]
+	    # doviewmenu $viewhlmenu 1 [list addvhighlight $n] \
+		# entryconf [list -label $viewname($n) -value $viewname($n)]
+	}
+	if {$files ne $viewfiles($n) || $newargs ne $viewargs($n) || \
+		$newviewopts($n,cmd) ne $viewargscmd($n)} {
+	    set viewfiles($n) $files
+	    set viewargs($n) $newargs
+	    set viewargscmd($n) $newviewopts($n,cmd)
+	    if {$curview == $n} {
+		run reloadcommits
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$apply} return
+    catch {destroy $top}
+}
+
+proc delview {} {
+    global curview viewperm hlview selectedhlview
+
+    if {$curview == 0} return
+    if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $curview} {
+	set selectedhlview [mc "None"]
+	unset hlview
+    }
+    allviewmenus $curview delete
+    set viewperm($curview) 0
+    showview 0
+}
+
+proc addviewmenu {n} {
+    global viewname viewhlmenu
+
+    .bar.view add radiobutton -label $viewname($n) \
+	-command [list showview $n] -variable selectedview -value $n
+    #$viewhlmenu add radiobutton -label $viewname($n) \
+    #	-command [list addvhighlight $n] -variable selectedhlview
+}
+
+proc showview {n} {
+    global curview cached_commitrow ordertok
+    global displayorder parentlist rowidlist rowisopt rowfinal
+    global colormap rowtextx nextcolor canvxmax
+    global numcommits viewcomplete
+    global selectedline currentid canv canvy0
+    global treediffs
+    global pending_select mainheadid
+    global commitidx
+    global selectedview
+    global hlview selectedhlview commitinterest
+
+    if {$n == $curview} return
+    set selid {}
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    set span [$canv yview]
+    set ytop [expr {[lindex $span 0] * $ymax}]
+    set ybot [expr {[lindex $span 1] * $ymax}]
+    set yscreen [expr {($ybot - $ytop) / 2}]
+    if {$selectedline ne {}} {
+	set selid $currentid
+	set y [yc $selectedline]
+	if {$ytop < $y && $y < $ybot} {
+	    set yscreen [expr {$y - $ytop}]
+	}
+    } elseif {[info exists pending_select]} {
+	set selid $pending_select
+	unset pending_select
+    }
+    unselectline
+    normalline
+    catch {unset treediffs}
+    clear_display
+    if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $n} {
+	unset hlview
+	set selectedhlview [mc "None"]
+    }
+    catch {unset commitinterest}
+    catch {unset cached_commitrow}
+    catch {unset ordertok}
+
+    set curview $n
+    set selectedview $n
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Edit view..."] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Delete view"] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
+
+    run refill_reflist
+    if {![info exists viewcomplete($n)]} {
+	getcommits $selid
+	return
+    }
+
+    set displayorder {}
+    set parentlist {}
+    set rowidlist {}
+    set rowisopt {}
+    set rowfinal {}
+    set numcommits $commitidx($n)
+
+    catch {unset colormap}
+    catch {unset rowtextx}
+    set nextcolor 0
+    set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
+    set curview $n
+    set row 0
+    setcanvscroll
+    set yf 0
+    set row {}
+    if {$selid ne {} && [commitinview $selid $n]} {
+	set row [rowofcommit $selid]
+	# try to get the selected row in the same position on the screen
+	set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+	set ytop [expr {[yc $row] - $yscreen}]
+	if {$ytop < 0} {
+	    set ytop 0
+	}
+	set yf [expr {$ytop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
+    }
+    allcanvs yview moveto $yf
+    drawvisible
+    if {$row ne {}} {
+	selectline $row 0
+    } elseif {!$viewcomplete($n)} {
+	reset_pending_select $selid
+    } else {
+	reset_pending_select {}
+
+	if {[commitinview $pending_select $curview]} {
+	    selectline [rowofcommit $pending_select] 1
+	} else {
+	    set row [first_real_row]
+	    if {$row < $numcommits} {
+		selectline $row 0
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {!$viewcomplete($n)} {
+	if {$numcommits == 0} {
+	    show_status [mc "Reading commits..."]
+	}
+    } elseif {$numcommits == 0} {
+	show_status [mc "No commits selected"]
+    }
+}
+
+# Stuff relating to the highlighting facility
+
+proc ishighlighted {id} {
+    global vhighlights fhighlights nhighlights rhighlights
+
+    if {[info exists nhighlights($id)] && $nhighlights($id) > 0} {
+	return $nhighlights($id)
+    }
+    if {[info exists vhighlights($id)] && $vhighlights($id) > 0} {
+	return $vhighlights($id)
+    }
+    if {[info exists fhighlights($id)] && $fhighlights($id) > 0} {
+	return $fhighlights($id)
+    }
+    if {[info exists rhighlights($id)] && $rhighlights($id) > 0} {
+	return $rhighlights($id)
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc bolden {id font} {
+    global canv linehtag currentid boldids need_redisplay markedid
+
+    # need_redisplay = 1 means the display is stale and about to be redrawn
+    if {$need_redisplay} return
+    lappend boldids $id
+    $canv itemconf $linehtag($id) -font $font
+    if {[info exists currentid] && $id eq $currentid} {
+	$canv delete secsel
+	set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($id)] \
+		   -outline {{}} -tags secsel \
+		   -fill [$canv cget -selectbackground]]
+	$canv lower $t
+    }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $id eq $markedid} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc bolden_name {id font} {
+    global canv2 linentag currentid boldnameids need_redisplay
+
+    if {$need_redisplay} return
+    lappend boldnameids $id
+    $canv2 itemconf $linentag($id) -font $font
+    if {[info exists currentid] && $id eq $currentid} {
+	$canv2 delete secsel
+	set t [eval $canv2 create rect [$canv2 bbox $linentag($id)] \
+		   -outline {{}} -tags secsel \
+		   -fill [$canv2 cget -selectbackground]]
+	$canv2 lower $t
+    }
+}
+
+proc unbolden {} {
+    global boldids
+
+    set stillbold {}
+    foreach id $boldids {
+	if {![ishighlighted $id]} {
+	    bolden $id mainfont
+	} else {
+	    lappend stillbold $id
+	}
+    }
+    set boldids $stillbold
+}
+
+proc addvhighlight {n} {
+    global hlview viewcomplete curview vhl_done commitidx
+
+    if {[info exists hlview]} {
+	delvhighlight
+    }
+    set hlview $n
+    if {$n != $curview && ![info exists viewcomplete($n)]} {
+	start_rev_list $n
+    }
+    set vhl_done $commitidx($hlview)
+    if {$vhl_done > 0} {
+	drawvisible
+    }
+}
+
+proc delvhighlight {} {
+    global hlview vhighlights
+
+    if {![info exists hlview]} return
+    unset hlview
+    catch {unset vhighlights}
+    unbolden
+}
+
+proc vhighlightmore {} {
+    global hlview vhl_done commitidx vhighlights curview
+
+    set max $commitidx($hlview)
+    set vr [visiblerows]
+    set r0 [lindex $vr 0]
+    set r1 [lindex $vr 1]
+    for {set i $vhl_done} {$i < $max} {incr i} {
+	set id [commitonrow $i $hlview]
+	if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
+	    set row [rowofcommit $id]
+	    if {$r0 <= $row && $row <= $r1} {
+		if {![highlighted $row]} {
+		    bolden $id mainfontbold
+		}
+		set vhighlights($id) 1
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set vhl_done $max
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc askvhighlight {row id} {
+    global hlview vhighlights iddrawn
+
+    if {[commitinview $id $hlview]} {
+	if {[info exists iddrawn($id)] && ![ishighlighted $id]} {
+	    bolden $id mainfontbold
+	}
+	set vhighlights($id) 1
+    } else {
+	set vhighlights($id) 0
+    }
+}
+
+proc hfiles_change {} {
+    global highlight_files filehighlight fhighlights fh_serial
+    global highlight_paths
+
+    if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
+	# delete previous highlights
+	catch {close $filehighlight}
+	unset filehighlight
+	catch {unset fhighlights}
+	unbolden
+	unhighlight_filelist
+    }
+    set highlight_paths {}
+    after cancel do_file_hl $fh_serial
+    incr fh_serial
+    if {$highlight_files ne {}} {
+	after 300 do_file_hl $fh_serial
+    }
+}
+
+proc gdttype_change {name ix op} {
+    global gdttype highlight_files findstring findpattern
+
+    stopfinding
+    if {$findstring ne {}} {
+	if {$gdttype eq [mc "containing:"]} {
+	    if {$highlight_files ne {}} {
+		set highlight_files {}
+		hfiles_change
+	    }
+	    findcom_change
+	} else {
+	    if {$findpattern ne {}} {
+		set findpattern {}
+		findcom_change
+	    }
+	    set highlight_files $findstring
+	    hfiles_change
+	}
+	drawvisible
+    }
+    # enable/disable findtype/findloc menus too
+}
+
+proc find_change {name ix op} {
+    global gdttype findstring highlight_files
+
+    stopfinding
+    if {$gdttype eq [mc "containing:"]} {
+	findcom_change
+    } else {
+	if {$highlight_files ne $findstring} {
+	    set highlight_files $findstring
+	    hfiles_change
+	}
+    }
+    drawvisible
+}
+
+proc findcom_change args {
+    global nhighlights boldnameids
+    global findpattern findtype findstring gdttype
+
+    stopfinding
+    # delete previous highlights, if any
+    foreach id $boldnameids {
+	bolden_name $id mainfont
+    }
+    set boldnameids {}
+    catch {unset nhighlights}
+    unbolden
+    unmarkmatches
+    if {$gdttype ne [mc "containing:"] || $findstring eq {}} {
+	set findpattern {}
+    } elseif {$findtype eq [mc "Regexp"]} {
+	set findpattern $findstring
+    } else {
+	set e [string map {"*" "\\*" "?" "\\?" "\[" "\\\[" "\\" "\\\\"} \
+		   $findstring]
+	set findpattern "*$e*"
+    }
+}
+
+proc makepatterns {l} {
+    set ret {}
+    foreach e $l {
+	set ee [string map {"*" "\\*" "?" "\\?" "\[" "\\\[" "\\" "\\\\"} $e]
+	if {[string index $ee end] eq "/"} {
+	    lappend ret "$ee*"
+	} else {
+	    lappend ret $ee
+	    lappend ret "$ee/*"
+	}
+    }
+    return $ret
+}
+
+proc do_file_hl {serial} {
+    global highlight_files filehighlight highlight_paths gdttype fhl_list
+
+    if {$gdttype eq [mc "touching paths:"]} {
+	if {[catch {set paths [shellsplit $highlight_files]}]} return
+	set highlight_paths [makepatterns $paths]
+	highlight_filelist
+	set gdtargs [concat -- $paths]
+    } elseif {$gdttype eq [mc "adding/removing string:"]} {
+	set gdtargs [list "-S$highlight_files"]
+    } else {
+	# must be "containing:", i.e. we're searching commit info
+	return
+    }
+    set cmd [concat | git diff-tree -r -s --stdin $gdtargs]
+    set filehighlight [open $cmd r+]
+    fconfigure $filehighlight -blocking 0
+    filerun $filehighlight readfhighlight
+    set fhl_list {}
+    drawvisible
+    flushhighlights
+}
+
+proc flushhighlights {} {
+    global filehighlight fhl_list
+
+    if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
+	lappend fhl_list {}
+	puts $filehighlight ""
+	flush $filehighlight
+    }
+}
+
+proc askfilehighlight {row id} {
+    global filehighlight fhighlights fhl_list
+
+    lappend fhl_list $id
+    set fhighlights($id) -1
+    puts $filehighlight $id
+}
+
+proc readfhighlight {} {
+    global filehighlight fhighlights curview iddrawn
+    global fhl_list find_dirn
+
+    if {![info exists filehighlight]} {
+	return 0
+    }
+    set nr 0
+    while {[incr nr] <= 100 && [gets $filehighlight line] >= 0} {
+	set line [string trim $line]
+	set i [lsearch -exact $fhl_list $line]
+	if {$i < 0} continue
+	for {set j 0} {$j < $i} {incr j} {
+	    set id [lindex $fhl_list $j]
+	    set fhighlights($id) 0
+	}
+	set fhl_list [lrange $fhl_list [expr {$i+1}] end]
+	if {$line eq {}} continue
+	if {![commitinview $line $curview]} continue
+	if {[info exists iddrawn($line)] && ![ishighlighted $line]} {
+	    bolden $line mainfontbold
+	}
+	set fhighlights($line) 1
+    }
+    if {[eof $filehighlight]} {
+	# strange...
+	puts "oops, git diff-tree died"
+	catch {close $filehighlight}
+	unset filehighlight
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {[info exists find_dirn]} {
+	run findmore
+    }
+    return 1
+}
+
+proc doesmatch {f} {
+    global findtype findpattern
+
+    if {$findtype eq [mc "Regexp"]} {
+	return [regexp $findpattern $f]
+    } elseif {$findtype eq [mc "IgnCase"]} {
+	return [string match -nocase $findpattern $f]
+    } else {
+	return [string match $findpattern $f]
+    }
+}
+
+proc askfindhighlight {row id} {
+    global nhighlights commitinfo iddrawn
+    global findloc
+    global markingmatches
+
+    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+	getcommit $id
+    }
+    set info $commitinfo($id)
+    set isbold 0
+    set fldtypes [list [mc Headline] [mc Author] [mc Date] [mc Committer] [mc CDate] [mc Comments]]
+    foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
+	if {($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq $ty) &&
+	    [doesmatch $f]} {
+	    if {$ty eq [mc "Author"]} {
+		set isbold 2
+		break
+	    }
+	    set isbold 1
+	}
+    }
+    if {$isbold && [info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
+	if {![ishighlighted $id]} {
+	    bolden $id mainfontbold
+	    if {$isbold > 1} {
+		bolden_name $id mainfontbold
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$markingmatches} {
+	    markrowmatches $row $id
+	}
+    }
+    set nhighlights($id) $isbold
+}
+
+proc markrowmatches {row id} {
+    global canv canv2 linehtag linentag commitinfo findloc
+
+    set headline [lindex $commitinfo($id) 0]
+    set author [lindex $commitinfo($id) 1]
+    $canv delete match$row
+    $canv2 delete match$row
+    if {$findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq [mc "Headline"]} {
+	set m [findmatches $headline]
+	if {$m ne {}} {
+	    markmatches $canv $row $headline $linehtag($id) $m \
+		[$canv itemcget $linehtag($id) -font] $row
+	}
+    }
+    if {$findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq [mc "Author"]} {
+	set m [findmatches $author]
+	if {$m ne {}} {
+	    markmatches $canv2 $row $author $linentag($id) $m \
+		[$canv2 itemcget $linentag($id) -font] $row
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc vrel_change {name ix op} {
+    global highlight_related
+
+    rhighlight_none
+    if {$highlight_related ne [mc "None"]} {
+	run drawvisible
+    }
+}
+
+# prepare for testing whether commits are descendents or ancestors of a
+proc rhighlight_sel {a} {
+    global descendent desc_todo ancestor anc_todo
+    global highlight_related
+
+    catch {unset descendent}
+    set desc_todo [list $a]
+    catch {unset ancestor}
+    set anc_todo [list $a]
+    if {$highlight_related ne [mc "None"]} {
+	rhighlight_none
+	run drawvisible
+    }
+}
+
+proc rhighlight_none {} {
+    global rhighlights
+
+    catch {unset rhighlights}
+    unbolden
+}
+
+proc is_descendent {a} {
+    global curview children descendent desc_todo
+
+    set v $curview
+    set la [rowofcommit $a]
+    set todo $desc_todo
+    set leftover {}
+    set done 0
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
+	set do [lindex $todo $i]
+	if {[rowofcommit $do] < $la} {
+	    lappend leftover $do
+	    continue
+	}
+	foreach nk $children($v,$do) {
+	    if {![info exists descendent($nk)]} {
+		set descendent($nk) 1
+		lappend todo $nk
+		if {$nk eq $a} {
+		    set done 1
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$done} {
+	    set desc_todo [concat $leftover [lrange $todo [expr {$i+1}] end]]
+	    return
+	}
+    }
+    set descendent($a) 0
+    set desc_todo $leftover
+}
+
+proc is_ancestor {a} {
+    global curview parents ancestor anc_todo
+
+    set v $curview
+    set la [rowofcommit $a]
+    set todo $anc_todo
+    set leftover {}
+    set done 0
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
+	set do [lindex $todo $i]
+	if {![commitinview $do $v] || [rowofcommit $do] > $la} {
+	    lappend leftover $do
+	    continue
+	}
+	foreach np $parents($v,$do) {
+	    if {![info exists ancestor($np)]} {
+		set ancestor($np) 1
+		lappend todo $np
+		if {$np eq $a} {
+		    set done 1
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$done} {
+	    set anc_todo [concat $leftover [lrange $todo [expr {$i+1}] end]]
+	    return
+	}
+    }
+    set ancestor($a) 0
+    set anc_todo $leftover
+}
+
+proc askrelhighlight {row id} {
+    global descendent highlight_related iddrawn rhighlights
+    global selectedline ancestor
+
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} return
+    set isbold 0
+    if {$highlight_related eq [mc "Descendant"] ||
+	$highlight_related eq [mc "Not descendant"]} {
+	if {![info exists descendent($id)]} {
+	    is_descendent $id
+	}
+	if {$descendent($id) == ($highlight_related eq [mc "Descendant"])} {
+	    set isbold 1
+	}
+    } elseif {$highlight_related eq [mc "Ancestor"] ||
+	      $highlight_related eq [mc "Not ancestor"]} {
+	if {![info exists ancestor($id)]} {
+	    is_ancestor $id
+	}
+	if {$ancestor($id) == ($highlight_related eq [mc "Ancestor"])} {
+	    set isbold 1
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
+	if {$isbold && ![ishighlighted $id]} {
+	    bolden $id mainfontbold
+	}
+    }
+    set rhighlights($id) $isbold
+}
+
+# Graph layout functions
+
+proc shortids {ids} {
+    set res {}
+    foreach id $ids {
+	if {[llength $id] > 1} {
+	    lappend res [shortids $id]
+	} elseif {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{40}$} $id]} {
+	    lappend res [string range $id 0 7]
+	} else {
+	    lappend res $id
+	}
+    }
+    return $res
+}
+
+proc ntimes {n o} {
+    set ret {}
+    set o [list $o]
+    for {set mask 1} {$mask <= $n} {incr mask $mask} {
+	if {($n & $mask) != 0} {
+	    set ret [concat $ret $o]
+	}
+	set o [concat $o $o]
+    }
+    return $ret
+}
+
+proc ordertoken {id} {
+    global ordertok curview varcid varcstart varctok curview parents children
+    global nullid nullid2
+
+    if {[info exists ordertok($id)]} {
+	return $ordertok($id)
+    }
+    set origid $id
+    set todo {}
+    while {1} {
+	if {[info exists varcid($curview,$id)]} {
+	    set a $varcid($curview,$id)
+	    set p [lindex $varcstart($curview) $a]
+	} else {
+	    set p [lindex $children($curview,$id) 0]
+	}
+	if {[info exists ordertok($p)]} {
+	    set tok $ordertok($p)
+	    break
+	}
+	set id [first_real_child $curview,$p]
+	if {$id eq {}} {
+	    # it's a root
+	    set tok [lindex $varctok($curview) $varcid($curview,$p)]
+	    break
+	}
+	if {[llength $parents($curview,$id)] == 1} {
+	    lappend todo [list $p {}]
+	} else {
+	    set j [lsearch -exact $parents($curview,$id) $p]
+	    if {$j < 0} {
+		puts "oops didn't find [shortids $p] in parents of [shortids $id]"
+	    }
+	    lappend todo [list $p [strrep $j]]
+	}
+    }
+    for {set i [llength $todo]} {[incr i -1] >= 0} {} {
+	set p [lindex $todo $i 0]
+	append tok [lindex $todo $i 1]
+	set ordertok($p) $tok
+    }
+    set ordertok($origid) $tok
+    return $tok
+}
+
+# Work out where id should go in idlist so that order-token
+# values increase from left to right
+proc idcol {idlist id {i 0}} {
+    set t [ordertoken $id]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	set i 0
+    }
+    if {$i >= [llength $idlist] || $t < [ordertoken [lindex $idlist $i]]} {
+	if {$i > [llength $idlist]} {
+	    set i [llength $idlist]
+	}
+	while {[incr i -1] >= 0 && $t < [ordertoken [lindex $idlist $i]]} {}
+	incr i
+    } else {
+	if {$t > [ordertoken [lindex $idlist $i]]} {
+	    while {[incr i] < [llength $idlist] &&
+		   $t >= [ordertoken [lindex $idlist $i]]} {}
+	}
+    }
+    return $i
+}
+
+proc initlayout {} {
+    global rowidlist rowisopt rowfinal displayorder parentlist
+    global numcommits canvxmax canv
+    global nextcolor
+    global colormap rowtextx
+
+    set numcommits 0
+    set displayorder {}
+    set parentlist {}
+    set nextcolor 0
+    set rowidlist {}
+    set rowisopt {}
+    set rowfinal {}
+    set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
+    catch {unset colormap}
+    catch {unset rowtextx}
+    setcanvscroll
+}
+
+proc setcanvscroll {} {
+    global canv canv2 canv3 numcommits linespc canvxmax canvy0
+    global lastscrollset lastscrollrows
+
+    set ymax [expr {$canvy0 + ($numcommits - 0.5) * $linespc + 2}]
+    $canv conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 $canvxmax $ymax]
+    $canv2 conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 0 $ymax]
+    $canv3 conf -scrollregion [list 0 0 0 $ymax]
+    set lastscrollset [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set lastscrollrows $numcommits
+}
+
+proc visiblerows {} {
+    global canv numcommits linespc
+
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0} return
+    set f [$canv yview]
+    set y0 [expr {int([lindex $f 0] * $ymax)}]
+    set r0 [expr {int(($y0 - 3) / $linespc) - 1}]
+    if {$r0 < 0} {
+	set r0 0
+    }
+    set y1 [expr {int([lindex $f 1] * $ymax)}]
+    set r1 [expr {int(($y1 - 3) / $linespc) + 1}]
+    if {$r1 >= $numcommits} {
+	set r1 [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
+    }
+    return [list $r0 $r1]
+}
+
+proc layoutmore {} {
+    global commitidx viewcomplete curview
+    global numcommits pending_select curview
+    global lastscrollset lastscrollrows
+
+    if {$lastscrollrows < 100 || $viewcomplete($curview) ||
+	[clock clicks -milliseconds] - $lastscrollset > 500} {
+	setcanvscroll
+    }
+    if {[info exists pending_select] &&
+	[commitinview $pending_select $curview]} {
+	update
+	selectline [rowofcommit $pending_select] 1
+    }
+    drawvisible
+}
+
+# With path limiting, we mightn't get the actual HEAD commit,
+# so ask git rev-list what is the first ancestor of HEAD that
+# touches a file in the path limit.
+proc get_viewmainhead {view} {
+    global viewmainheadid vfilelimit viewinstances mainheadid
+
+    catch {
+	set rfd [open [concat | git rev-list -1 $mainheadid \
+			   -- $vfilelimit($view)] r]
+	set j [reg_instance $rfd]
+	lappend viewinstances($view) $j
+	fconfigure $rfd -blocking 0
+	filerun $rfd [list getviewhead $rfd $j $view]
+	set viewmainheadid($curview) {}
+    }
+}
+
+# git rev-list should give us just 1 line to use as viewmainheadid($view)
+proc getviewhead {fd inst view} {
+    global viewmainheadid commfd curview viewinstances showlocalchanges
+
+    set id {}
+    if {[gets $fd line] < 0} {
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+    } elseif {[string length $line] == 40 && [string is xdigit $line]} {
+	set id $line
+    }
+    set viewmainheadid($view) $id
+    close $fd
+    unset commfd($inst)
+    set i [lsearch -exact $viewinstances($view) $inst]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	set viewinstances($view) [lreplace $viewinstances($view) $i $i]
+    }
+    if {$showlocalchanges && $id ne {} && $view == $curview} {
+	doshowlocalchanges
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc doshowlocalchanges {} {
+    global curview viewmainheadid
+
+    if {$viewmainheadid($curview) eq {}} return
+    if {[commitinview $viewmainheadid($curview) $curview]} {
+	dodiffindex
+    } else {
+	interestedin $viewmainheadid($curview) dodiffindex
+    }
+}
+
+proc dohidelocalchanges {} {
+    global nullid nullid2 lserial curview
+
+    if {[commitinview $nullid $curview]} {
+	removefakerow $nullid
+    }
+    if {[commitinview $nullid2 $curview]} {
+	removefakerow $nullid2
+    }
+    incr lserial
+}
+
+# spawn off a process to do git diff-index --cached HEAD
+proc dodiffindex {} {
+    global lserial showlocalchanges vfilelimit curview
+    global isworktree
+
+    if {!$showlocalchanges || !$isworktree} return
+    incr lserial
+    set cmd "|git diff-index --cached HEAD"
+    if {$vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
+	set cmd [concat $cmd -- $vfilelimit($curview)]
+    }
+    set fd [open $cmd r]
+    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+    set i [reg_instance $fd]
+    filerun $fd [list readdiffindex $fd $lserial $i]
+}
+
+proc readdiffindex {fd serial inst} {
+    global viewmainheadid nullid nullid2 curview commitinfo commitdata lserial
+    global vfilelimit
+
+    set isdiff 1
+    if {[gets $fd line] < 0} {
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+	set isdiff 0
+    }
+    # we only need to see one line and we don't really care what it says...
+    stop_instance $inst
+
+    if {$serial != $lserial} {
+	return 0
+    }
+
+    # now see if there are any local changes not checked in to the index
+    set cmd "|git diff-files"
+    if {$vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
+	set cmd [concat $cmd -- $vfilelimit($curview)]
+    }
+    set fd [open $cmd r]
+    fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+    set i [reg_instance $fd]
+    filerun $fd [list readdifffiles $fd $serial $i]
+
+    if {$isdiff && ![commitinview $nullid2 $curview]} {
+	# add the line for the changes in the index to the graph
+	set hl [mc "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"]
+	set commitinfo($nullid2) [list  $hl {} {} {} {} "    $hl\n"]
+	set commitdata($nullid2) "\n    $hl\n"
+	if {[commitinview $nullid $curview]} {
+	    removefakerow $nullid
+	}
+	insertfakerow $nullid2 $viewmainheadid($curview)
+    } elseif {!$isdiff && [commitinview $nullid2 $curview]} {
+	if {[commitinview $nullid $curview]} {
+	    removefakerow $nullid
+	}
+	removefakerow $nullid2
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc readdifffiles {fd serial inst} {
+    global viewmainheadid nullid nullid2 curview
+    global commitinfo commitdata lserial
+
+    set isdiff 1
+    if {[gets $fd line] < 0} {
+	if {![eof $fd]} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+	set isdiff 0
+    }
+    # we only need to see one line and we don't really care what it says...
+    stop_instance $inst
+
+    if {$serial != $lserial} {
+	return 0
+    }
+
+    if {$isdiff && ![commitinview $nullid $curview]} {
+	# add the line for the local diff to the graph
+	set hl [mc "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"]
+	set commitinfo($nullid) [list  $hl {} {} {} {} "    $hl\n"]
+	set commitdata($nullid) "\n    $hl\n"
+	if {[commitinview $nullid2 $curview]} {
+	    set p $nullid2
+	} else {
+	    set p $viewmainheadid($curview)
+	}
+	insertfakerow $nullid $p
+    } elseif {!$isdiff && [commitinview $nullid $curview]} {
+	removefakerow $nullid
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc nextuse {id row} {
+    global curview children
+
+    if {[info exists children($curview,$id)]} {
+	foreach kid $children($curview,$id) {
+	    if {![commitinview $kid $curview]} {
+		return -1
+	    }
+	    if {[rowofcommit $kid] > $row} {
+		return [rowofcommit $kid]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
+	return [rowofcommit $id]
+    }
+    return -1
+}
+
+proc prevuse {id row} {
+    global curview children
+
+    set ret -1
+    if {[info exists children($curview,$id)]} {
+	foreach kid $children($curview,$id) {
+	    if {![commitinview $kid $curview]} break
+	    if {[rowofcommit $kid] < $row} {
+		set ret [rowofcommit $kid]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return $ret
+}
+
+proc make_idlist {row} {
+    global displayorder parentlist uparrowlen downarrowlen mingaplen
+    global commitidx curview children
+
+    set r [expr {$row - $mingaplen - $downarrowlen - 1}]
+    if {$r < 0} {
+	set r 0
+    }
+    set ra [expr {$row - $downarrowlen}]
+    if {$ra < 0} {
+	set ra 0
+    }
+    set rb [expr {$row + $uparrowlen}]
+    if {$rb > $commitidx($curview)} {
+	set rb $commitidx($curview)
+    }
+    make_disporder $r [expr {$rb + 1}]
+    set ids {}
+    for {} {$r < $ra} {incr r} {
+	set nextid [lindex $displayorder [expr {$r + 1}]]
+	foreach p [lindex $parentlist $r] {
+	    if {$p eq $nextid} continue
+	    set rn [nextuse $p $r]
+	    if {$rn >= $row &&
+		$rn <= $r + $downarrowlen + $mingaplen + $uparrowlen} {
+		lappend ids [list [ordertoken $p] $p]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    for {} {$r < $row} {incr r} {
+	set nextid [lindex $displayorder [expr {$r + 1}]]
+	foreach p [lindex $parentlist $r] {
+	    if {$p eq $nextid} continue
+	    set rn [nextuse $p $r]
+	    if {$rn < 0 || $rn >= $row} {
+		lappend ids [list [ordertoken $p] $p]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+    lappend ids [list [ordertoken $id] $id]
+    while {$r < $rb} {
+	foreach p [lindex $parentlist $r] {
+	    set firstkid [lindex $children($curview,$p) 0]
+	    if {[rowofcommit $firstkid] < $row} {
+		lappend ids [list [ordertoken $p] $p]
+	    }
+	}
+	incr r
+	set id [lindex $displayorder $r]
+	if {$id ne {}} {
+	    set firstkid [lindex $children($curview,$id) 0]
+	    if {$firstkid ne {} && [rowofcommit $firstkid] < $row} {
+		lappend ids [list [ordertoken $id] $id]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set idlist {}
+    foreach idx [lsort -unique $ids] {
+	lappend idlist [lindex $idx 1]
+    }
+    return $idlist
+}
+
+proc rowsequal {a b} {
+    while {[set i [lsearch -exact $a {}]] >= 0} {
+	set a [lreplace $a $i $i]
+    }
+    while {[set i [lsearch -exact $b {}]] >= 0} {
+	set b [lreplace $b $i $i]
+    }
+    return [expr {$a eq $b}]
+}
+
+proc makeupline {id row rend col} {
+    global rowidlist uparrowlen downarrowlen mingaplen
+
+    for {set r $rend} {1} {set r $rstart} {
+	set rstart [prevuse $id $r]
+	if {$rstart < 0} return
+	if {$rstart < $row} break
+    }
+    if {$rstart + $uparrowlen + $mingaplen + $downarrowlen < $rend} {
+	set rstart [expr {$rend - $uparrowlen - 1}]
+    }
+    for {set r $rstart} {[incr r] <= $row} {} {
+	set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $r]
+	if {$idlist ne {} && [lsearch -exact $idlist $id] < 0} {
+	    set col [idcol $idlist $id $col]
+	    lset rowidlist $r [linsert $idlist $col $id]
+	    changedrow $r
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc layoutrows {row endrow} {
+    global rowidlist rowisopt rowfinal displayorder
+    global uparrowlen downarrowlen maxwidth mingaplen
+    global children parentlist
+    global commitidx viewcomplete curview
+
+    make_disporder [expr {$row - 1}] [expr {$endrow + $uparrowlen}]
+    set idlist {}
+    if {$row > 0} {
+	set rm1 [expr {$row - 1}]
+	foreach id [lindex $rowidlist $rm1] {
+	    if {$id ne {}} {
+		lappend idlist $id
+	    }
+	}
+	set final [lindex $rowfinal $rm1]
+    }
+    for {} {$row < $endrow} {incr row} {
+	set rm1 [expr {$row - 1}]
+	if {$rm1 < 0 || $idlist eq {}} {
+	    set idlist [make_idlist $row]
+	    set final 1
+	} else {
+	    set id [lindex $displayorder $rm1]
+	    set col [lsearch -exact $idlist $id]
+	    set idlist [lreplace $idlist $col $col]
+	    foreach p [lindex $parentlist $rm1] {
+		if {[lsearch -exact $idlist $p] < 0} {
+		    set col [idcol $idlist $p $col]
+		    set idlist [linsert $idlist $col $p]
+		    # if not the first child, we have to insert a line going up
+		    if {$id ne [lindex $children($curview,$p) 0]} {
+			makeupline $p $rm1 $row $col
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+	    if {$row > $downarrowlen} {
+		set termrow [expr {$row - $downarrowlen - 1}]
+		foreach p [lindex $parentlist $termrow] {
+		    set i [lsearch -exact $idlist $p]
+		    if {$i < 0} continue
+		    set nr [nextuse $p $termrow]
+		    if {$nr < 0 || $nr >= $row + $mingaplen + $uparrowlen} {
+			set idlist [lreplace $idlist $i $i]
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    set col [lsearch -exact $idlist $id]
+	    if {$col < 0} {
+		set col [idcol $idlist $id]
+		set idlist [linsert $idlist $col $id]
+		if {$children($curview,$id) ne {}} {
+		    makeupline $id $rm1 $row $col
+		}
+	    }
+	    set r [expr {$row + $uparrowlen - 1}]
+	    if {$r < $commitidx($curview)} {
+		set x $col
+		foreach p [lindex $parentlist $r] {
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $idlist $p] >= 0} continue
+		    set fk [lindex $children($curview,$p) 0]
+		    if {[rowofcommit $fk] < $row} {
+			set x [idcol $idlist $p $x]
+			set idlist [linsert $idlist $x $p]
+		    }
+		}
+		if {[incr r] < $commitidx($curview)} {
+		    set p [lindex $displayorder $r]
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $idlist $p] < 0} {
+			set fk [lindex $children($curview,$p) 0]
+			if {$fk ne {} && [rowofcommit $fk] < $row} {
+			    set x [idcol $idlist $p $x]
+			    set idlist [linsert $idlist $x $p]
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$final && !$viewcomplete($curview) &&
+	    $row + $uparrowlen + $mingaplen + $downarrowlen
+		>= $commitidx($curview)} {
+	    set final 0
+	}
+	set l [llength $rowidlist]
+	if {$row == $l} {
+	    lappend rowidlist $idlist
+	    lappend rowisopt 0
+	    lappend rowfinal $final
+	} elseif {$row < $l} {
+	    if {![rowsequal $idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]]} {
+		lset rowidlist $row $idlist
+		changedrow $row
+	    }
+	    lset rowfinal $row $final
+	} else {
+	    set pad [ntimes [expr {$row - $l}] {}]
+	    set rowidlist [concat $rowidlist $pad]
+	    lappend rowidlist $idlist
+	    set rowfinal [concat $rowfinal $pad]
+	    lappend rowfinal $final
+	    set rowisopt [concat $rowisopt [ntimes [expr {$row - $l + 1}] 0]]
+	}
+    }
+    return $row
+}
+
+proc changedrow {row} {
+    global displayorder iddrawn rowisopt need_redisplay
+
+    set l [llength $rowisopt]
+    if {$row < $l} {
+	lset rowisopt $row 0
+	if {$row + 1 < $l} {
+	    lset rowisopt [expr {$row + 1}] 0
+	    if {$row + 2 < $l} {
+		lset rowisopt [expr {$row + 2}] 0
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+    if {[info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
+	set need_redisplay 1
+    }
+}
+
+proc insert_pad {row col npad} {
+    global rowidlist
+
+    set pad [ntimes $npad {}]
+    set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
+    set bef [lrange $idlist 0 [expr {$col - 1}]]
+    set aft [lrange $idlist $col end]
+    set i [lsearch -exact $aft {}]
+    if {$i > 0} {
+	set aft [lreplace $aft $i $i]
+    }
+    lset rowidlist $row [concat $bef $pad $aft]
+    changedrow $row
+}
+
+proc optimize_rows {row col endrow} {
+    global rowidlist rowisopt displayorder curview children
+
+    if {$row < 1} {
+	set row 1
+    }
+    for {} {$row < $endrow} {incr row; set col 0} {
+	if {[lindex $rowisopt $row]} continue
+	set haspad 0
+	set y0 [expr {$row - 1}]
+	set ym [expr {$row - 2}]
+	set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
+	set previdlist [lindex $rowidlist $y0]
+	if {$idlist eq {} || $previdlist eq {}} continue
+	if {$ym >= 0} {
+	    set pprevidlist [lindex $rowidlist $ym]
+	    if {$pprevidlist eq {}} continue
+	} else {
+	    set pprevidlist {}
+	}
+	set x0 -1
+	set xm -1
+	for {} {$col < [llength $idlist]} {incr col} {
+	    set id [lindex $idlist $col]
+	    if {[lindex $previdlist $col] eq $id} continue
+	    if {$id eq {}} {
+		set haspad 1
+		continue
+	    }
+	    set x0 [lsearch -exact $previdlist $id]
+	    if {$x0 < 0} continue
+	    set z [expr {$x0 - $col}]
+	    set isarrow 0
+	    set z0 {}
+	    if {$ym >= 0} {
+		set xm [lsearch -exact $pprevidlist $id]
+		if {$xm >= 0} {
+		    set z0 [expr {$xm - $x0}]
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {$z0 eq {}} {
+		# if row y0 is the first child of $id then it's not an arrow
+		if {[lindex $children($curview,$id) 0] ne
+		    [lindex $displayorder $y0]} {
+		    set isarrow 1
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {!$isarrow && $id ne [lindex $displayorder $row] &&
+		[lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row+1}]] $id] < 0} {
+		set isarrow 1
+	    }
+	    # Looking at lines from this row to the previous row,
+	    # make them go straight up if they end in an arrow on
+	    # the previous row; otherwise make them go straight up
+	    # or at 45 degrees.
+	    if {$z < -1 || ($z < 0 && $isarrow)} {
+		# Line currently goes left too much;
+		# insert pads in the previous row, then optimize it
+		set npad [expr {-1 - $z + $isarrow}]
+		insert_pad $y0 $x0 $npad
+		if {$y0 > 0} {
+		    optimize_rows $y0 $x0 $row
+		}
+		set previdlist [lindex $rowidlist $y0]
+		set x0 [lsearch -exact $previdlist $id]
+		set z [expr {$x0 - $col}]
+		if {$z0 ne {}} {
+		    set pprevidlist [lindex $rowidlist $ym]
+		    set xm [lsearch -exact $pprevidlist $id]
+		    set z0 [expr {$xm - $x0}]
+		}
+	    } elseif {$z > 1 || ($z > 0 && $isarrow)} {
+		# Line currently goes right too much;
+		# insert pads in this line
+		set npad [expr {$z - 1 + $isarrow}]
+		insert_pad $row $col $npad
+		set idlist [lindex $rowidlist $row]
+		incr col $npad
+		set z [expr {$x0 - $col}]
+		set haspad 1
+	    }
+	    if {$z0 eq {} && !$isarrow && $ym >= 0} {
+		# this line links to its first child on row $row-2
+		set id [lindex $displayorder $ym]
+		set xc [lsearch -exact $pprevidlist $id]
+		if {$xc >= 0} {
+		    set z0 [expr {$xc - $x0}]
+		}
+	    }
+	    # avoid lines jigging left then immediately right
+	    if {$z0 ne {} && $z < 0 && $z0 > 0} {
+		insert_pad $y0 $x0 1
+		incr x0
+		optimize_rows $y0 $x0 $row
+		set previdlist [lindex $rowidlist $y0]
+	    }
+	}
+	if {!$haspad} {
+	    # Find the first column that doesn't have a line going right
+	    for {set col [llength $idlist]} {[incr col -1] >= 0} {} {
+		set id [lindex $idlist $col]
+		if {$id eq {}} break
+		set x0 [lsearch -exact $previdlist $id]
+		if {$x0 < 0} {
+		    # check if this is the link to the first child
+		    set kid [lindex $displayorder $y0]
+		    if {[lindex $children($curview,$id) 0] eq $kid} {
+			# it is, work out offset to child
+			set x0 [lsearch -exact $previdlist $kid]
+		    }
+		}
+		if {$x0 <= $col} break
+	    }
+	    # Insert a pad at that column as long as it has a line and
+	    # isn't the last column
+	    if {$x0 >= 0 && [incr col] < [llength $idlist]} {
+		set idlist [linsert $idlist $col {}]
+		lset rowidlist $row $idlist
+		changedrow $row
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc xc {row col} {
+    global canvx0 linespc
+    return [expr {$canvx0 + $col * $linespc}]
+}
+
+proc yc {row} {
+    global canvy0 linespc
+    return [expr {$canvy0 + $row * $linespc}]
+}
+
+proc linewidth {id} {
+    global thickerline lthickness
+
+    set wid $lthickness
+    if {[info exists thickerline] && $id eq $thickerline} {
+	set wid [expr {2 * $lthickness}]
+    }
+    return $wid
+}
+
+proc rowranges {id} {
+    global curview children uparrowlen downarrowlen
+    global rowidlist
+
+    set kids $children($curview,$id)
+    if {$kids eq {}} {
+	return {}
+    }
+    set ret {}
+    lappend kids $id
+    foreach child $kids {
+	if {![commitinview $child $curview]} break
+	set row [rowofcommit $child]
+	if {![info exists prev]} {
+	    lappend ret [expr {$row + 1}]
+	} else {
+	    if {$row <= $prevrow} {
+		puts "oops children of [shortids $id] out of order [shortids $child] $row <= [shortids $prev] $prevrow"
+	    }
+	    # see if the line extends the whole way from prevrow to row
+	    if {$row > $prevrow + $uparrowlen + $downarrowlen &&
+		[lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist \
+			    [expr {int(($row + $prevrow) / 2)}]] $id] < 0} {
+		# it doesn't, see where it ends
+		set r [expr {$prevrow + $downarrowlen}]
+		if {[lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] < 0} {
+		    while {[incr r -1] > $prevrow &&
+			   [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] < 0} {}
+		} else {
+		    while {[incr r] <= $row &&
+			   [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] >= 0} {}
+		    incr r -1
+		}
+		lappend ret $r
+		# see where it starts up again
+		set r [expr {$row - $uparrowlen}]
+		if {[lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] < 0} {
+		    while {[incr r] < $row &&
+			   [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] < 0} {}
+		} else {
+		    while {[incr r -1] >= $prevrow &&
+			   [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $r] $id] >= 0} {}
+		    incr r
+		}
+		lappend ret $r
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$child eq $id} {
+	    lappend ret $row
+	}
+	set prev $child
+	set prevrow $row
+    }
+    return $ret
+}
+
+proc drawlineseg {id row endrow arrowlow} {
+    global rowidlist displayorder iddrawn linesegs
+    global canv colormap linespc curview maxlinelen parentlist
+
+    set cols [list [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $id]]
+    set le [expr {$row + 1}]
+    set arrowhigh 1
+    while {1} {
+	set c [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $le] $id]
+	if {$c < 0} {
+	    incr le -1
+	    break
+	}
+	lappend cols $c
+	set x [lindex $displayorder $le]
+	if {$x eq $id} {
+	    set arrowhigh 0
+	    break
+	}
+	if {[info exists iddrawn($x)] || $le == $endrow} {
+	    set c [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$le+1}]] $id]
+	    if {$c >= 0} {
+		lappend cols $c
+		set arrowhigh 0
+	    }
+	    break
+	}
+	incr le
+    }
+    if {$le <= $row} {
+	return $row
+    }
+
+    set lines {}
+    set i 0
+    set joinhigh 0
+    if {[info exists linesegs($id)]} {
+	set lines $linesegs($id)
+	foreach li $lines {
+	    set r0 [lindex $li 0]
+	    if {$r0 > $row} {
+		if {$r0 == $le && [lindex $li 1] - $row <= $maxlinelen} {
+		    set joinhigh 1
+		}
+		break
+	    }
+	    incr i
+	}
+    }
+    set joinlow 0
+    if {$i > 0} {
+	set li [lindex $lines [expr {$i-1}]]
+	set r1 [lindex $li 1]
+	if {$r1 == $row && $le - [lindex $li 0] <= $maxlinelen} {
+	    set joinlow 1
+	}
+    }
+
+    set x [lindex $cols [expr {$le - $row}]]
+    set xp [lindex $cols [expr {$le - 1 - $row}]]
+    set dir [expr {$xp - $x}]
+    if {$joinhigh} {
+	set ith [lindex $lines $i 2]
+	set coords [$canv coords $ith]
+	set ah [$canv itemcget $ith -arrow]
+	set arrowhigh [expr {$ah eq "first" || $ah eq "both"}]
+	set x2 [lindex $cols [expr {$le + 1 - $row}]]
+	if {$x2 ne {} && $x - $x2 == $dir} {
+	    set coords [lrange $coords 0 end-2]
+	}
+    } else {
+	set coords [list [xc $le $x] [yc $le]]
+    }
+    if {$joinlow} {
+	set itl [lindex $lines [expr {$i-1}] 2]
+	set al [$canv itemcget $itl -arrow]
+	set arrowlow [expr {$al eq "last" || $al eq "both"}]
+    } elseif {$arrowlow} {
+	if {[lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row-1}]] $id] >= 0 ||
+	    [lsearch -exact [lindex $parentlist [expr {$row-1}]] $id] >= 0} {
+	    set arrowlow 0
+	}
+    }
+    set arrow [lindex {none first last both} [expr {$arrowhigh + 2*$arrowlow}]]
+    for {set y $le} {[incr y -1] > $row} {} {
+	set x $xp
+	set xp [lindex $cols [expr {$y - 1 - $row}]]
+	set ndir [expr {$xp - $x}]
+	if {$dir != $ndir || $xp < 0} {
+	    lappend coords [xc $y $x] [yc $y]
+	}
+	set dir $ndir
+    }
+    if {!$joinlow} {
+	if {$xp < 0} {
+	    # join parent line to first child
+	    set ch [lindex $displayorder $row]
+	    set xc [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $ch]
+	    if {$xc < 0} {
+		puts "oops: drawlineseg: child $ch not on row $row"
+	    } elseif {$xc != $x} {
+		if {($arrowhigh && $le == $row + 1) || $dir == 0} {
+		    set d [expr {int(0.5 * $linespc)}]
+		    set x1 [xc $row $x]
+		    if {$xc < $x} {
+			set x2 [expr {$x1 - $d}]
+		    } else {
+			set x2 [expr {$x1 + $d}]
+		    }
+		    set y2 [yc $row]
+		    set y1 [expr {$y2 + $d}]
+		    lappend coords $x1 $y1 $x2 $y2
+		} elseif {$xc < $x - 1} {
+		    lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$x-1}]] [yc $row]
+		} elseif {$xc > $x + 1} {
+		    lappend coords [xc $row [expr {$x+1}]] [yc $row]
+		}
+		set x $xc
+	    }
+	    lappend coords [xc $row $x] [yc $row]
+	} else {
+	    set xn [xc $row $xp]
+	    set yn [yc $row]
+	    lappend coords $xn $yn
+	}
+	if {!$joinhigh} {
+	    assigncolor $id
+	    set t [$canv create line $coords -width [linewidth $id] \
+		       -fill $colormap($id) -tags lines.$id -arrow $arrow]
+	    $canv lower $t
+	    bindline $t $id
+	    set lines [linsert $lines $i [list $row $le $t]]
+	} else {
+	    $canv coords $ith $coords
+	    if {$arrow ne $ah} {
+		$canv itemconf $ith -arrow $arrow
+	    }
+	    lset lines $i 0 $row
+	}
+    } else {
+	set xo [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row - 1}]] $id]
+	set ndir [expr {$xo - $xp}]
+	set clow [$canv coords $itl]
+	if {$dir == $ndir} {
+	    set clow [lrange $clow 2 end]
+	}
+	set coords [concat $coords $clow]
+	if {!$joinhigh} {
+	    lset lines [expr {$i-1}] 1 $le
+	} else {
+	    # coalesce two pieces
+	    $canv delete $ith
+	    set b [lindex $lines [expr {$i-1}] 0]
+	    set e [lindex $lines $i 1]
+	    set lines [lreplace $lines [expr {$i-1}] $i [list $b $e $itl]]
+	}
+	$canv coords $itl $coords
+	if {$arrow ne $al} {
+	    $canv itemconf $itl -arrow $arrow
+	}
+    }
+
+    set linesegs($id) $lines
+    return $le
+}
+
+proc drawparentlinks {id row} {
+    global rowidlist canv colormap curview parentlist
+    global idpos linespc
+
+    set rowids [lindex $rowidlist $row]
+    set col [lsearch -exact $rowids $id]
+    if {$col < 0} return
+    set olds [lindex $parentlist $row]
+    set row2 [expr {$row + 1}]
+    set x [xc $row $col]
+    set y [yc $row]
+    set y2 [yc $row2]
+    set d [expr {int(0.5 * $linespc)}]
+    set ymid [expr {$y + $d}]
+    set ids [lindex $rowidlist $row2]
+    # rmx = right-most X coord used
+    set rmx 0
+    foreach p $olds {
+	set i [lsearch -exact $ids $p]
+	if {$i < 0} {
+	    puts "oops, parent $p of $id not in list"
+	    continue
+	}
+	set x2 [xc $row2 $i]
+	if {$x2 > $rmx} {
+	    set rmx $x2
+	}
+	set j [lsearch -exact $rowids $p]
+	if {$j < 0} {
+	    # drawlineseg will do this one for us
+	    continue
+	}
+	assigncolor $p
+	# should handle duplicated parents here...
+	set coords [list $x $y]
+	if {$i != $col} {
+	    # if attaching to a vertical segment, draw a smaller
+	    # slant for visual distinctness
+	    if {$i == $j} {
+		if {$i < $col} {
+		    lappend coords [expr {$x2 + $d}] $y $x2 $ymid
+		} else {
+		    lappend coords [expr {$x2 - $d}] $y $x2 $ymid
+		}
+	    } elseif {$i < $col && $i < $j} {
+		# segment slants towards us already
+		lappend coords [xc $row $j] $y
+	    } else {
+		if {$i < $col - 1} {
+		    lappend coords [expr {$x2 + $linespc}] $y
+		} elseif {$i > $col + 1} {
+		    lappend coords [expr {$x2 - $linespc}] $y
+		}
+		lappend coords $x2 $y2
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    lappend coords $x2 $y2
+	}
+	set t [$canv create line $coords -width [linewidth $p] \
+		   -fill $colormap($p) -tags lines.$p]
+	$canv lower $t
+	bindline $t $p
+    }
+    if {$rmx > [lindex $idpos($id) 1]} {
+	lset idpos($id) 1 $rmx
+	redrawtags $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc drawlines {id} {
+    global canv
+
+    $canv itemconf lines.$id -width [linewidth $id]
+}
+
+proc drawcmittext {id row col} {
+    global linespc canv canv2 canv3 fgcolor curview
+    global cmitlisted commitinfo rowidlist parentlist
+    global rowtextx idpos idtags idheads idotherrefs
+    global linehtag linentag linedtag selectedline
+    global canvxmax boldids boldnameids fgcolor markedid
+    global mainheadid nullid nullid2 circleitem circlecolors ctxbut
+
+    # listed is 0 for boundary, 1 for normal, 2 for negative, 3 for left, 4 for right
+    set listed $cmitlisted($curview,$id)
+    if {$id eq $nullid} {
+	set ofill red
+    } elseif {$id eq $nullid2} {
+	set ofill green
+    } elseif {$id eq $mainheadid} {
+	set ofill yellow
+    } else {
+	set ofill [lindex $circlecolors $listed]
+    }
+    set x [xc $row $col]
+    set y [yc $row]
+    set orad [expr {$linespc / 3}]
+    if {$listed <= 2} {
+	set t [$canv create oval [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
+		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+    } elseif {$listed == 3} {
+	# triangle pointing left for left-side commits
+	set t [$canv create polygon \
+		   [expr {$x - $orad}] $y \
+		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
+		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+    } else {
+	# triangle pointing right for right-side commits
+	set t [$canv create polygon \
+		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] $y \
+		   [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
+		   [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+    }
+    set circleitem($row) $t
+    $canv raise $t
+    $canv bind $t <1> {selcanvline {} %x %y}
+    set rmx [llength [lindex $rowidlist $row]]
+    set olds [lindex $parentlist $row]
+    if {$olds ne {}} {
+	set nextids [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row + 1}]]
+	foreach p $olds {
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $nextids $p]
+	    if {$i > $rmx} {
+		set rmx $i
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set xt [xc $row $rmx]
+    set rowtextx($row) $xt
+    set idpos($id) [list $x $xt $y]
+    if {[info exists idtags($id)] || [info exists idheads($id)]
+	|| [info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
+	set xt [drawtags $id $x $xt $y]
+    }
+    set headline [lindex $commitinfo($id) 0]
+    set name [lindex $commitinfo($id) 1]
+    set date [lindex $commitinfo($id) 2]
+    set date [formatdate $date]
+    set font mainfont
+    set nfont mainfont
+    set isbold [ishighlighted $id]
+    if {$isbold > 0} {
+	lappend boldids $id
+	set font mainfontbold
+	if {$isbold > 1} {
+	    lappend boldnameids $id
+	    set nfont mainfontbold
+	}
+    }
+    set linehtag($id) [$canv create text $xt $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
+			   -text $headline -font $font -tags text]
+    $canv bind $linehtag($id) $ctxbut "rowmenu %X %Y $id"
+    set linentag($id) [$canv2 create text 3 $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
+			   -text $name -font $nfont -tags text]
+    set linedtag($id) [$canv3 create text 3 $y -anchor w -fill $fgcolor \
+			   -text $date -font mainfont -tags text]
+    if {$selectedline == $row} {
+	make_secsel $id
+    }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid eq $id} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
+    set xr [expr {$xt + [font measure $font $headline]}]
+    if {$xr > $canvxmax} {
+	set canvxmax $xr
+	setcanvscroll
+    }
+}
+
+proc drawcmitrow {row} {
+    global displayorder rowidlist nrows_drawn
+    global iddrawn markingmatches
+    global commitinfo numcommits
+    global filehighlight fhighlights findpattern nhighlights
+    global hlview vhighlights
+    global highlight_related rhighlights
+
+    if {$row >= $numcommits} return
+
+    set id [lindex $displayorder $row]
+    if {[info exists hlview] && ![info exists vhighlights($id)]} {
+	askvhighlight $row $id
+    }
+    if {[info exists filehighlight] && ![info exists fhighlights($id)]} {
+	askfilehighlight $row $id
+    }
+    if {$findpattern ne {} && ![info exists nhighlights($id)]} {
+	askfindhighlight $row $id
+    }
+    if {$highlight_related ne [mc "None"] && ![info exists rhighlights($id)]} {
+	askrelhighlight $row $id
+    }
+    if {![info exists iddrawn($id)]} {
+	set col [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $id]
+	if {$col < 0} {
+	    puts "oops, row $row id $id not in list"
+	    return
+	}
+	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+	    getcommit $id
+	}
+	assigncolor $id
+	drawcmittext $id $row $col
+	set iddrawn($id) 1
+	incr nrows_drawn
+    }
+    if {$markingmatches} {
+	markrowmatches $row $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc drawcommits {row {endrow {}}} {
+    global numcommits iddrawn displayorder curview need_redisplay
+    global parentlist rowidlist rowfinal uparrowlen downarrowlen nrows_drawn
+
+    if {$row < 0} {
+	set row 0
+    }
+    if {$endrow eq {}} {
+	set endrow $row
+    }
+    if {$endrow >= $numcommits} {
+	set endrow [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
+    }
+
+    set rl1 [expr {$row - $downarrowlen - 3}]
+    if {$rl1 < 0} {
+	set rl1 0
+    }
+    set ro1 [expr {$row - 3}]
+    if {$ro1 < 0} {
+	set ro1 0
+    }
+    set r2 [expr {$endrow + $uparrowlen + 3}]
+    if {$r2 > $numcommits} {
+	set r2 $numcommits
+    }
+    for {set r $rl1} {$r < $r2} {incr r} {
+	if {[lindex $rowidlist $r] ne {} && [lindex $rowfinal $r]} {
+	    if {$rl1 < $r} {
+		layoutrows $rl1 $r
+	    }
+	    set rl1 [expr {$r + 1}]
+	}
+    }
+    if {$rl1 < $r} {
+	layoutrows $rl1 $r
+    }
+    optimize_rows $ro1 0 $r2
+    if {$need_redisplay || $nrows_drawn > 2000} {
+	clear_display
+    }
+
+    # make the lines join to already-drawn rows either side
+    set r [expr {$row - 1}]
+    if {$r < 0 || ![info exists iddrawn([lindex $displayorder $r])]} {
+	set r $row
+    }
+    set er [expr {$endrow + 1}]
+    if {$er >= $numcommits ||
+	![info exists iddrawn([lindex $displayorder $er])]} {
+	set er $endrow
+    }
+    for {} {$r <= $er} {incr r} {
+	set id [lindex $displayorder $r]
+	set wasdrawn [info exists iddrawn($id)]
+	drawcmitrow $r
+	if {$r == $er} break
+	set nextid [lindex $displayorder [expr {$r + 1}]]
+	if {$wasdrawn && [info exists iddrawn($nextid)]} continue
+	drawparentlinks $id $r
+
+	set rowids [lindex $rowidlist $r]
+	foreach lid $rowids {
+	    if {$lid eq {}} continue
+	    if {[info exists lineend($lid)] && $lineend($lid) > $r} continue
+	    if {$lid eq $id} {
+		# see if this is the first child of any of its parents
+		foreach p [lindex $parentlist $r] {
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $rowids $p] < 0} {
+			# make this line extend up to the child
+			set lineend($p) [drawlineseg $p $r $er 0]
+		    }
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set lineend($lid) [drawlineseg $lid $r $er 1]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc undolayout {row} {
+    global uparrowlen mingaplen downarrowlen
+    global rowidlist rowisopt rowfinal need_redisplay
+
+    set r [expr {$row - ($uparrowlen + $mingaplen + $downarrowlen)}]
+    if {$r < 0} {
+	set r 0
+    }
+    if {[llength $rowidlist] > $r} {
+	incr r -1
+	set rowidlist [lrange $rowidlist 0 $r]
+	set rowfinal [lrange $rowfinal 0 $r]
+	set rowisopt [lrange $rowisopt 0 $r]
+	set need_redisplay 1
+	run drawvisible
+    }
+}
+
+proc drawvisible {} {
+    global canv linespc curview vrowmod selectedline targetrow targetid
+    global need_redisplay cscroll numcommits
+
+    set fs [$canv yview]
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0 || $numcommits == 0} return
+    set f0 [lindex $fs 0]
+    set f1 [lindex $fs 1]
+    set y0 [expr {int($f0 * $ymax)}]
+    set y1 [expr {int($f1 * $ymax)}]
+
+    if {[info exists targetid]} {
+	if {[commitinview $targetid $curview]} {
+	    set r [rowofcommit $targetid]
+	    if {$r != $targetrow} {
+		# Fix up the scrollregion and change the scrolling position
+		# now that our target row has moved.
+		set diff [expr {($r - $targetrow) * $linespc}]
+		set targetrow $r
+		setcanvscroll
+		set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+		incr y0 $diff
+		incr y1 $diff
+		set f0 [expr {$y0 / $ymax}]
+		set f1 [expr {$y1 / $ymax}]
+		allcanvs yview moveto $f0
+		$cscroll set $f0 $f1
+		set need_redisplay 1
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    unset targetid
+	}
+    }
+
+    set row [expr {int(($y0 - 3) / $linespc) - 1}]
+    set endrow [expr {int(($y1 - 3) / $linespc) + 1}]
+    if {$endrow >= $vrowmod($curview)} {
+	update_arcrows $curview
+    }
+    if {$selectedline ne {} &&
+	$row <= $selectedline && $selectedline <= $endrow} {
+	set targetrow $selectedline
+    } elseif {[info exists targetid]} {
+	set targetrow [expr {int(($row + $endrow) / 2)}]
+    }
+    if {[info exists targetrow]} {
+	if {$targetrow >= $numcommits} {
+	    set targetrow [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
+	}
+	set targetid [commitonrow $targetrow]
+    }
+    drawcommits $row $endrow
+}
+
+proc clear_display {} {
+    global iddrawn linesegs need_redisplay nrows_drawn
+    global vhighlights fhighlights nhighlights rhighlights
+    global linehtag linentag linedtag boldids boldnameids
+
+    allcanvs delete all
+    catch {unset iddrawn}
+    catch {unset linesegs}
+    catch {unset linehtag}
+    catch {unset linentag}
+    catch {unset linedtag}
+    set boldids {}
+    set boldnameids {}
+    catch {unset vhighlights}
+    catch {unset fhighlights}
+    catch {unset nhighlights}
+    catch {unset rhighlights}
+    set need_redisplay 0
+    set nrows_drawn 0
+}
+
+proc findcrossings {id} {
+    global rowidlist parentlist numcommits displayorder
+
+    set cross {}
+    set ccross {}
+    foreach {s e} [rowranges $id] {
+	if {$e >= $numcommits} {
+	    set e [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
+	}
+	if {$e <= $s} continue
+	for {set row $e} {[incr row -1] >= $s} {} {
+	    set x [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $id]
+	    if {$x < 0} break
+	    set olds [lindex $parentlist $row]
+	    set kid [lindex $displayorder $row]
+	    set kidx [lsearch -exact [lindex $rowidlist $row] $kid]
+	    if {$kidx < 0} continue
+	    set nextrow [lindex $rowidlist [expr {$row + 1}]]
+	    foreach p $olds {
+		set px [lsearch -exact $nextrow $p]
+		if {$px < 0} continue
+		if {($kidx < $x && $x < $px) || ($px < $x && $x < $kidx)} {
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $ccross $p] >= 0} continue
+		    if {$x == $px + ($kidx < $px? -1: 1)} {
+			lappend ccross $p
+		    } elseif {[lsearch -exact $cross $p] < 0} {
+			lappend cross $p
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return [concat $ccross {{}} $cross]
+}
+
+proc assigncolor {id} {
+    global colormap colors nextcolor
+    global parents children children curview
+
+    if {[info exists colormap($id)]} return
+    set ncolors [llength $colors]
+    if {[info exists children($curview,$id)]} {
+	set kids $children($curview,$id)
+    } else {
+	set kids {}
+    }
+    if {[llength $kids] == 1} {
+	set child [lindex $kids 0]
+	if {[info exists colormap($child)]
+	    && [llength $parents($curview,$child)] == 1} {
+	    set colormap($id) $colormap($child)
+	    return
+	}
+    }
+    set badcolors {}
+    set origbad {}
+    foreach x [findcrossings $id] {
+	if {$x eq {}} {
+	    # delimiter between corner crossings and other crossings
+	    if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors - 1} break
+	    set origbad $badcolors
+	}
+	if {[info exists colormap($x)]
+	    && [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($x)] < 0} {
+	    lappend badcolors $colormap($x)
+	}
+    }
+    if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors} {
+	set badcolors $origbad
+    }
+    set origbad $badcolors
+    if {[llength $badcolors] < $ncolors - 1} {
+	foreach child $kids {
+	    if {[info exists colormap($child)]
+		&& [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($child)] < 0} {
+		lappend badcolors $colormap($child)
+	    }
+	    foreach p $parents($curview,$child) {
+		if {[info exists colormap($p)]
+		    && [lsearch -exact $badcolors $colormap($p)] < 0} {
+		    lappend badcolors $colormap($p)
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {[llength $badcolors] >= $ncolors} {
+	    set badcolors $origbad
+	}
+    }
+    for {set i 0} {$i <= $ncolors} {incr i} {
+	set c [lindex $colors $nextcolor]
+	if {[incr nextcolor] >= $ncolors} {
+	    set nextcolor 0
+	}
+	if {[lsearch -exact $badcolors $c]} break
+    }
+    set colormap($id) $c
+}
+
+proc bindline {t id} {
+    global canv
+
+    $canv bind $t <Enter> "lineenter %x %y $id"
+    $canv bind $t <Motion> "linemotion %x %y $id"
+    $canv bind $t <Leave> "lineleave $id"
+    $canv bind $t <Button-1> "lineclick %x %y $id 1"
+}
+
+proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
+    global idtags idheads idotherrefs mainhead
+    global linespc lthickness
+    global canv rowtextx curview fgcolor bgcolor ctxbut
+
+    set marks {}
+    set ntags 0
+    set nheads 0
+    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	set marks $idtags($id)
+	set ntags [llength $marks]
+    }
+    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
+	set marks [concat $marks $idheads($id)]
+	set nheads [llength $idheads($id)]
+    }
+    if {[info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
+	set marks [concat $marks $idotherrefs($id)]
+    }
+    if {$marks eq {}} {
+	return $xt
+    }
+
+    set delta [expr {int(0.5 * ($linespc - $lthickness))}]
+    set yt [expr {$y1 - 0.5 * $linespc}]
+    set yb [expr {$yt + $linespc - 1}]
+    set xvals {}
+    set wvals {}
+    set i -1
+    foreach tag $marks {
+	incr i
+	if {$i >= $ntags && $i < $ntags + $nheads && $tag eq $mainhead} {
+	    set wid [font measure mainfontbold $tag]
+	} else {
+	    set wid [font measure mainfont $tag]
+	}
+	lappend xvals $xt
+	lappend wvals $wid
+	set xt [expr {$xt + $delta + $wid + $lthickness + $linespc}]
+    }
+    set t [$canv create line $x $y1 [lindex $xvals end] $y1 \
+	       -width $lthickness -fill black -tags tag.$id]
+    $canv lower $t
+    foreach tag $marks x $xvals wid $wvals {
+	set xl [expr {$x + $delta}]
+	set xr [expr {$x + $delta + $wid + $lthickness}]
+	set font mainfont
+	if {[incr ntags -1] >= 0} {
+	    # draw a tag
+	    set t [$canv create polygon $x [expr {$yt + $delta}] $xl $yt \
+		       $xr $yt $xr $yb $xl $yb $x [expr {$yb - $delta}] \
+		       -width 1 -outline black -fill yellow -tags tag.$id]
+	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
+	    set rowtextx([rowofcommit $id]) [expr {$xr + $linespc}]
+	} else {
+	    # draw a head or other ref
+	    if {[incr nheads -1] >= 0} {
+		set col green
+		if {$tag eq $mainhead} {
+		    set font mainfontbold
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set col "#ddddff"
+	    }
+	    set xl [expr {$xl - $delta/2}]
+	    $canv create polygon $x $yt $xr $yt $xr $yb $x $yb \
+		-width 1 -outline black -fill $col -tags tag.$id
+	    if {[regexp {^(remotes/.*/|remotes/)} $tag match remoteprefix]} {
+	        set rwid [font measure mainfont $remoteprefix]
+		set xi [expr {$x + 1}]
+		set yti [expr {$yt + 1}]
+		set xri [expr {$x + $rwid}]
+		$canv create polygon $xi $yti $xri $yti $xri $yb $xi $yb \
+			-width 0 -fill "#ffddaa" -tags tag.$id
+	    }
+	}
+	set t [$canv create text $xl $y1 -anchor w -text $tag -fill $fgcolor \
+		   -font $font -tags [list tag.$id text]]
+	if {$ntags >= 0} {
+	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
+	} elseif {$nheads >= 0} {
+	    $canv bind $t $ctxbut [list headmenu %X %Y $id $tag]
+	}
+    }
+    return $xt
+}
+
+proc xcoord {i level ln} {
+    global canvx0 xspc1 xspc2
+
+    set x [expr {$canvx0 + $i * $xspc1($ln)}]
+    if {$i > 0 && $i == $level} {
+	set x [expr {$x + 0.5 * ($xspc2 - $xspc1($ln))}]
+    } elseif {$i > $level} {
+	set x [expr {$x + $xspc2 - $xspc1($ln)}]
+    }
+    return $x
+}
+
+proc show_status {msg} {
+    global canv fgcolor
+
+    clear_display
+    $canv create text 3 3 -anchor nw -text $msg -font mainfont \
+	-tags text -fill $fgcolor
+}
+
+# Don't change the text pane cursor if it is currently the hand cursor,
+# showing that we are over a sha1 ID link.
+proc settextcursor {c} {
+    global ctext curtextcursor
+
+    if {[$ctext cget -cursor] == $curtextcursor} {
+	$ctext config -cursor $c
+    }
+    set curtextcursor $c
+}
+
+proc nowbusy {what {name {}}} {
+    global isbusy busyname statusw
+
+    if {[array names isbusy] eq {}} {
+	. config -cursor watch
+	settextcursor watch
+    }
+    set isbusy($what) 1
+    set busyname($what) $name
+    if {$name ne {}} {
+	$statusw conf -text $name
+    }
+}
+
+proc notbusy {what} {
+    global isbusy maincursor textcursor busyname statusw
+
+    catch {
+	unset isbusy($what)
+	if {$busyname($what) ne {} &&
+	    [$statusw cget -text] eq $busyname($what)} {
+	    $statusw conf -text {}
+	}
+    }
+    if {[array names isbusy] eq {}} {
+	. config -cursor $maincursor
+	settextcursor $textcursor
+    }
+}
+
+proc findmatches {f} {
+    global findtype findstring
+    if {$findtype == [mc "Regexp"]} {
+	set matches [regexp -indices -all -inline $findstring $f]
+    } else {
+	set fs $findstring
+	if {$findtype == [mc "IgnCase"]} {
+	    set f [string tolower $f]
+	    set fs [string tolower $fs]
+	}
+	set matches {}
+	set i 0
+	set l [string length $fs]
+	while {[set j [string first $fs $f $i]] >= 0} {
+	    lappend matches [list $j [expr {$j+$l-1}]]
+	    set i [expr {$j + $l}]
+	}
+    }
+    return $matches
+}
+
+proc dofind {{dirn 1} {wrap 1}} {
+    global findstring findstartline findcurline selectedline numcommits
+    global gdttype filehighlight fh_serial find_dirn findallowwrap
+
+    if {[info exists find_dirn]} {
+	if {$find_dirn == $dirn} return
+	stopfinding
+    }
+    focus .
+    if {$findstring eq {} || $numcommits == 0} return
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} {
+	set findstartline [lindex [visiblerows] [expr {$dirn < 0}]]
+    } else {
+	set findstartline $selectedline
+    }
+    set findcurline $findstartline
+    nowbusy finding [mc "Searching"]
+    if {$gdttype ne [mc "containing:"] && ![info exists filehighlight]} {
+	after cancel do_file_hl $fh_serial
+	do_file_hl $fh_serial
+    }
+    set find_dirn $dirn
+    set findallowwrap $wrap
+    run findmore
+}
+
+proc stopfinding {} {
+    global find_dirn findcurline fprogcoord
+
+    if {[info exists find_dirn]} {
+	unset find_dirn
+	unset findcurline
+	notbusy finding
+	set fprogcoord 0
+	adjustprogress
+    }
+    stopblaming
+}
+
+proc findmore {} {
+    global commitdata commitinfo numcommits findpattern findloc
+    global findstartline findcurline findallowwrap
+    global find_dirn gdttype fhighlights fprogcoord
+    global curview varcorder vrownum varccommits vrowmod
+
+    if {![info exists find_dirn]} {
+	return 0
+    }
+    set fldtypes [list [mc "Headline"] [mc "Author"] [mc "Date"] [mc "Committer"] [mc "CDate"] [mc "Comments"]]
+    set l $findcurline
+    set moretodo 0
+    if {$find_dirn > 0} {
+	incr l
+	if {$l >= $numcommits} {
+	    set l 0
+	}
+	if {$l <= $findstartline} {
+	    set lim [expr {$findstartline + 1}]
+	} else {
+	    set lim $numcommits
+	    set moretodo $findallowwrap
+	}
+    } else {
+	if {$l == 0} {
+	    set l $numcommits
+	}
+	incr l -1
+	if {$l >= $findstartline} {
+	    set lim [expr {$findstartline - 1}]
+	} else {
+	    set lim -1
+	    set moretodo $findallowwrap
+	}
+    }
+    set n [expr {($lim - $l) * $find_dirn}]
+    if {$n > 500} {
+	set n 500
+	set moretodo 1
+    }
+    if {$l + ($find_dirn > 0? $n: 1) > $vrowmod($curview)} {
+	update_arcrows $curview
+    }
+    set found 0
+    set domore 1
+    set ai [bsearch $vrownum($curview) $l]
+    set a [lindex $varcorder($curview) $ai]
+    set arow [lindex $vrownum($curview) $ai]
+    set ids [lindex $varccommits($curview,$a)]
+    set arowend [expr {$arow + [llength $ids]}]
+    if {$gdttype eq [mc "containing:"]} {
+	for {} {$n > 0} {incr n -1; incr l $find_dirn} {
+	    if {$l < $arow || $l >= $arowend} {
+		incr ai $find_dirn
+		set a [lindex $varcorder($curview) $ai]
+		set arow [lindex $vrownum($curview) $ai]
+		set ids [lindex $varccommits($curview,$a)]
+		set arowend [expr {$arow + [llength $ids]}]
+	    }
+	    set id [lindex $ids [expr {$l - $arow}]]
+	    # shouldn't happen unless git log doesn't give all the commits...
+	    if {![info exists commitdata($id)] ||
+		![doesmatch $commitdata($id)]} {
+		continue
+	    }
+	    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+		getcommit $id
+	    }
+	    set info $commitinfo($id)
+	    foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
+		if {($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq $ty) &&
+		    [doesmatch $f]} {
+		    set found 1
+		    break
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {$found} break
+	}
+    } else {
+	for {} {$n > 0} {incr n -1; incr l $find_dirn} {
+	    if {$l < $arow || $l >= $arowend} {
+		incr ai $find_dirn
+		set a [lindex $varcorder($curview) $ai]
+		set arow [lindex $vrownum($curview) $ai]
+		set ids [lindex $varccommits($curview,$a)]
+		set arowend [expr {$arow + [llength $ids]}]
+	    }
+	    set id [lindex $ids [expr {$l - $arow}]]
+	    if {![info exists fhighlights($id)]} {
+		# this sets fhighlights($id) to -1
+		askfilehighlight $l $id
+	    }
+	    if {$fhighlights($id) > 0} {
+		set found $domore
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {$fhighlights($id) < 0} {
+		if {$domore} {
+		    set domore 0
+		    set findcurline [expr {$l - $find_dirn}]
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$found || ($domore && !$moretodo)} {
+	unset findcurline
+	unset find_dirn
+	notbusy finding
+	set fprogcoord 0
+	adjustprogress
+	if {$found} {
+	    findselectline $l
+	} else {
+	    bell
+	}
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {!$domore} {
+	flushhighlights
+    } else {
+	set findcurline [expr {$l - $find_dirn}]
+    }
+    set n [expr {($findcurline - $findstartline) * $find_dirn - 1}]
+    if {$n < 0} {
+	incr n $numcommits
+    }
+    set fprogcoord [expr {$n * 1.0 / $numcommits}]
+    adjustprogress
+    return $domore
+}
+
+proc findselectline {l} {
+    global findloc commentend ctext findcurline markingmatches gdttype
+
+    set markingmatches [expr {$gdttype eq [mc "containing:"]}]
+    set findcurline $l
+    selectline $l 1
+    if {$markingmatches &&
+	($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq [mc "Comments"])} {
+	# highlight the matches in the comments
+	set f [$ctext get 1.0 $commentend]
+	set matches [findmatches $f]
+	foreach match $matches {
+	    set start [lindex $match 0]
+	    set end [expr {[lindex $match 1] + 1}]
+	    $ctext tag add found "1.0 + $start c" "1.0 + $end c"
+	}
+    }
+    drawvisible
+}
+
+# mark the bits of a headline or author that match a find string
+proc markmatches {canv l str tag matches font row} {
+    global selectedline
+
+    set bbox [$canv bbox $tag]
+    set x0 [lindex $bbox 0]
+    set y0 [lindex $bbox 1]
+    set y1 [lindex $bbox 3]
+    foreach match $matches {
+	set start [lindex $match 0]
+	set end [lindex $match 1]
+	if {$start > $end} continue
+	set xoff [font measure $font [string range $str 0 [expr {$start-1}]]]
+	set xlen [font measure $font [string range $str 0 [expr {$end}]]]
+	set t [$canv create rect [expr {$x0+$xoff}] $y0 \
+		   [expr {$x0+$xlen+2}] $y1 \
+		   -outline {} -tags [list match$l matches] -fill yellow]
+	$canv lower $t
+	if {$row == $selectedline} {
+	    $canv raise $t secsel
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc unmarkmatches {} {
+    global markingmatches
+
+    allcanvs delete matches
+    set markingmatches 0
+    stopfinding
+}
+
+proc selcanvline {w x y} {
+    global canv canvy0 ctext linespc
+    global rowtextx
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax == {}} return
+    set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
+    set y [expr {$y + $yfrac * $ymax}]
+    set l [expr {int(($y - $canvy0) / $linespc + 0.5)}]
+    if {$l < 0} {
+	set l 0
+    }
+    if {$w eq $canv} {
+	set xmax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 2]
+	set xleft [expr {[lindex [$canv xview] 0] * $xmax}]
+	if {![info exists rowtextx($l)] || $xleft + $x < $rowtextx($l)} return
+    }
+    unmarkmatches
+    selectline $l 1
+}
+
+proc commit_descriptor {p} {
+    global commitinfo
+    if {![info exists commitinfo($p)]} {
+	getcommit $p
+    }
+    set l "..."
+    if {[llength $commitinfo($p)] > 1} {
+	set l [lindex $commitinfo($p) 0]
+    }
+    return "$p ($l)\n"
+}
+
+# append some text to the ctext widget, and make any SHA1 ID
+# that we know about be a clickable link.
+proc appendwithlinks {text tags} {
+    global ctext linknum curview
+
+    set start [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
+    $ctext insert end $text $tags
+    set links [regexp -indices -all -inline {\m[0-9a-f]{6,40}\M} $text]
+    foreach l $links {
+	set s [lindex $l 0]
+	set e [lindex $l 1]
+	set linkid [string range $text $s $e]
+	incr e
+	$ctext tag delete link$linknum
+	$ctext tag add link$linknum "$start + $s c" "$start + $e c"
+	setlink $linkid link$linknum
+	incr linknum
+    }
+}
+
+proc setlink {id lk} {
+    global curview ctext pendinglinks
+
+    set known 0
+    if {[string length $id] < 40} {
+	set matches [longid $id]
+	if {[llength $matches] > 0} {
+	    if {[llength $matches] > 1} return
+	    set known 1
+	    set id [lindex $matches 0]
+	}
+    } else {
+	set known [commitinview $id $curview]
+    }
+    if {$known} {
+	$ctext tag conf $lk -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$ctext tag bind $lk <1> [list selbyid $id]
+	$ctext tag bind $lk <Enter> {linkcursor %W 1}
+	$ctext tag bind $lk <Leave> {linkcursor %W -1}
+    } else {
+	lappend pendinglinks($id) $lk
+	interestedin $id {makelink %P}
+    }
+}
+
+proc appendshortlink {id {pre {}} {post {}}} {
+    global ctext linknum
+
+    $ctext insert end $pre
+    $ctext tag delete link$linknum
+    $ctext insert end [string range $id 0 7] link$linknum
+    $ctext insert end $post
+    setlink $id link$linknum
+    incr linknum
+}
+
+proc makelink {id} {
+    global pendinglinks
+
+    if {![info exists pendinglinks($id)]} return
+    foreach lk $pendinglinks($id) {
+	setlink $id $lk
+    }
+    unset pendinglinks($id)
+}
+
+proc linkcursor {w inc} {
+    global linkentercount curtextcursor
+
+    if {[incr linkentercount $inc] > 0} {
+	$w configure -cursor hand2
+    } else {
+	$w configure -cursor $curtextcursor
+	if {$linkentercount < 0} {
+	    set linkentercount 0
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc viewnextline {dir} {
+    global canv linespc
+
+    $canv delete hover
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    set wnow [$canv yview]
+    set wtop [expr {[lindex $wnow 0] * $ymax}]
+    set newtop [expr {$wtop + $dir * $linespc}]
+    if {$newtop < 0} {
+	set newtop 0
+    } elseif {$newtop > $ymax} {
+	set newtop $ymax
+    }
+    allcanvs yview moveto [expr {$newtop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
+}
+
+# add a list of tag or branch names at position pos
+# returns the number of names inserted
+proc appendrefs {pos ids var} {
+    global ctext linknum curview $var maxrefs
+
+    if {[catch {$ctext index $pos}]} {
+	return 0
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    $ctext delete $pos "$pos lineend"
+    set tags {}
+    foreach id $ids {
+	foreach tag [set $var\($id\)] {
+	    lappend tags [list $tag $id]
+	}
+    }
+    if {[llength $tags] > $maxrefs} {
+	$ctext insert $pos "[mc "many"] ([llength $tags])"
+    } else {
+	set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
+	set sep {}
+	foreach ti $tags {
+	    set id [lindex $ti 1]
+	    set lk link$linknum
+	    incr linknum
+	    $ctext tag delete $lk
+	    $ctext insert $pos $sep
+	    $ctext insert $pos [lindex $ti 0] $lk
+	    setlink $id $lk
+	    set sep ", "
+	}
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    return [llength $tags]
+}
+
+# called when we have finished computing the nearby tags
+proc dispneartags {delay} {
+    global selectedline currentid showneartags tagphase
+
+    if {$selectedline eq {} || !$showneartags} return
+    after cancel dispnexttag
+    if {$delay} {
+	after 200 dispnexttag
+	set tagphase -1
+    } else {
+	after idle dispnexttag
+	set tagphase 0
+    }
+}
+
+proc dispnexttag {} {
+    global selectedline currentid showneartags tagphase ctext
+
+    if {$selectedline eq {} || !$showneartags} return
+    switch -- $tagphase {
+	0 {
+	    set dtags [desctags $currentid]
+	    if {$dtags ne {}} {
+		appendrefs precedes $dtags idtags
+	    }
+	}
+	1 {
+	    set atags [anctags $currentid]
+	    if {$atags ne {}} {
+		appendrefs follows $atags idtags
+	    }
+	}
+	2 {
+	    set dheads [descheads $currentid]
+	    if {$dheads ne {}} {
+		if {[appendrefs branch $dheads idheads] > 1
+		    && [$ctext get "branch -3c"] eq "h"} {
+		    # turn "Branch" into "Branches"
+		    $ctext conf -state normal
+		    $ctext insert "branch -2c" "es"
+		    $ctext conf -state disabled
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {[incr tagphase] <= 2} {
+	after idle dispnexttag
+    }
+}
+
+proc make_secsel {id} {
+    global linehtag linentag linedtag canv canv2 canv3
+
+    if {![info exists linehtag($id)]} return
+    $canv delete secsel
+    set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($id)] -outline {{}} \
+	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv cget -selectbackground]]
+    $canv lower $t
+    $canv2 delete secsel
+    set t [eval $canv2 create rect [$canv2 bbox $linentag($id)] -outline {{}} \
+	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv2 cget -selectbackground]]
+    $canv2 lower $t
+    $canv3 delete secsel
+    set t [eval $canv3 create rect [$canv3 bbox $linedtag($id)] -outline {{}} \
+	       -tags secsel -fill [$canv3 cget -selectbackground]]
+    $canv3 lower $t
+}
+
+proc make_idmark {id} {
+    global linehtag canv fgcolor
+
+    if {![info exists linehtag($id)]} return
+    $canv delete markid
+    set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($id)] \
+	       -tags markid -outline $fgcolor]
+    $canv raise $t
+}
+
+proc selectline {l isnew {desired_loc {}}} {
+    global canv ctext commitinfo selectedline
+    global canvy0 linespc parents children curview
+    global currentid sha1entry
+    global commentend idtags linknum
+    global mergemax numcommits pending_select
+    global cmitmode showneartags allcommits
+    global targetrow targetid lastscrollrows
+    global autoselect jump_to_here
+
+    catch {unset pending_select}
+    $canv delete hover
+    normalline
+    unsel_reflist
+    stopfinding
+    if {$l < 0 || $l >= $numcommits} return
+    set id [commitonrow $l]
+    set targetid $id
+    set targetrow $l
+    set selectedline $l
+    set currentid $id
+    if {$lastscrollrows < $numcommits} {
+	setcanvscroll
+    }
+
+    set y [expr {$canvy0 + $l * $linespc}]
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    set ytop [expr {$y - $linespc - 1}]
+    set ybot [expr {$y + $linespc + 1}]
+    set wnow [$canv yview]
+    set wtop [expr {[lindex $wnow 0] * $ymax}]
+    set wbot [expr {[lindex $wnow 1] * $ymax}]
+    set wh [expr {$wbot - $wtop}]
+    set newtop $wtop
+    if {$ytop < $wtop} {
+	if {$ybot < $wtop} {
+	    set newtop [expr {$y - $wh / 2.0}]
+	} else {
+	    set newtop $ytop
+	    if {$newtop > $wtop - $linespc} {
+		set newtop [expr {$wtop - $linespc}]
+	    }
+	}
+    } elseif {$ybot > $wbot} {
+	if {$ytop > $wbot} {
+	    set newtop [expr {$y - $wh / 2.0}]
+	} else {
+	    set newtop [expr {$ybot - $wh}]
+	    if {$newtop < $wtop + $linespc} {
+		set newtop [expr {$wtop + $linespc}]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$newtop != $wtop} {
+	if {$newtop < 0} {
+	    set newtop 0
+	}
+	allcanvs yview moveto [expr {$newtop * 1.0 / $ymax}]
+	drawvisible
+    }
+
+    make_secsel $id
+
+    if {$isnew} {
+	addtohistory [list selbyid $id]
+    }
+
+    $sha1entry delete 0 end
+    $sha1entry insert 0 $id
+    if {$autoselect} {
+	$sha1entry selection from 0
+	$sha1entry selection to end
+    }
+    rhighlight_sel $id
+
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    set linknum 0
+    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
+	getcommit $id
+    }
+    set info $commitinfo($id)
+    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
+    $ctext insert end "[mc "Author"]: [lindex $info 1]  $date\n"
+    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 4]]
+    $ctext insert end "[mc "Committer"]: [lindex $info 3]  $date\n"
+    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	$ctext insert end [mc "Tags:"]
+	foreach tag $idtags($id) {
+	    $ctext insert end " $tag"
+	}
+	$ctext insert end "\n"
+    }
+
+    set headers {}
+    set olds $parents($curview,$id)
+    if {[llength $olds] > 1} {
+	set np 0
+	foreach p $olds {
+	    if {$np >= $mergemax} {
+		set tag mmax
+	    } else {
+		set tag m$np
+	    }
+	    $ctext insert end "[mc "Parent"]: " $tag
+	    appendwithlinks [commit_descriptor $p] {}
+	    incr np
+	}
+    } else {
+	foreach p $olds {
+	    append headers "[mc "Parent"]: [commit_descriptor $p]"
+	}
+    }
+
+    foreach c $children($curview,$id) {
+	append headers "[mc "Child"]:  [commit_descriptor $c]"
+    }
+
+    # make anything that looks like a SHA1 ID be a clickable link
+    appendwithlinks $headers {}
+    if {$showneartags} {
+	if {![info exists allcommits]} {
+	    getallcommits
+	}
+	$ctext insert end "[mc "Branch"]: "
+	$ctext mark set branch "end -1c"
+	$ctext mark gravity branch left
+	$ctext insert end "\n[mc "Follows"]: "
+	$ctext mark set follows "end -1c"
+	$ctext mark gravity follows left
+	$ctext insert end "\n[mc "Precedes"]: "
+	$ctext mark set precedes "end -1c"
+	$ctext mark gravity precedes left
+	$ctext insert end "\n"
+	dispneartags 1
+    }
+    $ctext insert end "\n"
+    set comment [lindex $info 5]
+    if {[string first "\r" $comment] >= 0} {
+	set comment [string map {"\r" "\n    "} $comment]
+    }
+    appendwithlinks $comment {comment}
+
+    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    set commentend [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
+
+    set jump_to_here $desired_loc
+    init_flist [mc "Comments"]
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	gettree $id
+    } elseif {[llength $olds] <= 1} {
+	startdiff $id
+    } else {
+	mergediff $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc selfirstline {} {
+    unmarkmatches
+    selectline 0 1
+}
+
+proc sellastline {} {
+    global numcommits
+    unmarkmatches
+    set l [expr {$numcommits - 1}]
+    selectline $l 1
+}
+
+proc selnextline {dir} {
+    global selectedline
+    focus .
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} return
+    set l [expr {$selectedline + $dir}]
+    unmarkmatches
+    selectline $l 1
+}
+
+proc selnextpage {dir} {
+    global canv linespc selectedline numcommits
+
+    set lpp [expr {([winfo height $canv] - 2) / $linespc}]
+    if {$lpp < 1} {
+	set lpp 1
+    }
+    allcanvs yview scroll [expr {$dir * $lpp}] units
+    drawvisible
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} return
+    set l [expr {$selectedline + $dir * $lpp}]
+    if {$l < 0} {
+	set l 0
+    } elseif {$l >= $numcommits} {
+        set l [expr $numcommits - 1]
+    }
+    unmarkmatches
+    selectline $l 1
+}
+
+proc unselectline {} {
+    global selectedline currentid
+
+    set selectedline {}
+    catch {unset currentid}
+    allcanvs delete secsel
+    rhighlight_none
+}
+
+proc reselectline {} {
+    global selectedline
+
+    if {$selectedline ne {}} {
+	selectline $selectedline 0
+    }
+}
+
+proc addtohistory {cmd} {
+    global history historyindex curview
+
+    set elt [list $curview $cmd]
+    if {$historyindex > 0
+	&& [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]] == $elt} {
+	return
+    }
+
+    if {$historyindex < [llength $history]} {
+	set history [lreplace $history $historyindex end $elt]
+    } else {
+	lappend history $elt
+    }
+    incr historyindex
+    if {$historyindex > 1} {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state normal
+    } else {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state disabled
+    }
+    .tf.bar.rightbut conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc godo {elt} {
+    global curview
+
+    set view [lindex $elt 0]
+    set cmd [lindex $elt 1]
+    if {$curview != $view} {
+	showview $view
+    }
+    eval $cmd
+}
+
+proc goback {} {
+    global history historyindex
+    focus .
+
+    if {$historyindex > 1} {
+	incr historyindex -1
+	godo [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]]
+	.tf.bar.rightbut conf -state normal
+    }
+    if {$historyindex <= 1} {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state disabled
+    }
+}
+
+proc goforw {} {
+    global history historyindex
+    focus .
+
+    if {$historyindex < [llength $history]} {
+	set cmd [lindex $history $historyindex]
+	incr historyindex
+	godo $cmd
+	.tf.bar.leftbut conf -state normal
+    }
+    if {$historyindex >= [llength $history]} {
+	.tf.bar.rightbut conf -state disabled
+    }
+}
+
+proc gettree {id} {
+    global treefilelist treeidlist diffids diffmergeid treepending
+    global nullid nullid2
+
+    set diffids $id
+    catch {unset diffmergeid}
+    if {![info exists treefilelist($id)]} {
+	if {![info exists treepending]} {
+	    if {$id eq $nullid} {
+		set cmd [list | git ls-files]
+	    } elseif {$id eq $nullid2} {
+		set cmd [list | git ls-files --stage -t]
+	    } else {
+		set cmd [list | git ls-tree -r $id]
+	    }
+	    if {[catch {set gtf [open $cmd r]}]} {
+		return
+	    }
+	    set treepending $id
+	    set treefilelist($id) {}
+	    set treeidlist($id) {}
+	    fconfigure $gtf -blocking 0 -encoding binary
+	    filerun $gtf [list gettreeline $gtf $id]
+	}
+    } else {
+	setfilelist $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc gettreeline {gtf id} {
+    global treefilelist treeidlist treepending cmitmode diffids nullid nullid2
+
+    set nl 0
+    while {[incr nl] <= 1000 && [gets $gtf line] >= 0} {
+	if {$diffids eq $nullid} {
+	    set fname $line
+	} else {
+	    set i [string first "\t" $line]
+	    if {$i < 0} continue
+	    set fname [string range $line [expr {$i+1}] end]
+	    set line [string range $line 0 [expr {$i-1}]]
+	    if {$diffids ne $nullid2 && [lindex $line 1] ne "blob"} continue
+	    set sha1 [lindex $line 2]
+	    lappend treeidlist($id) $sha1
+	}
+	if {[string index $fname 0] eq "\""} {
+	    set fname [lindex $fname 0]
+	}
+	set fname [encoding convertfrom $fname]
+	lappend treefilelist($id) $fname
+    }
+    if {![eof $gtf]} {
+	return [expr {$nl >= 1000? 2: 1}]
+    }
+    close $gtf
+    unset treepending
+    if {$cmitmode ne "tree"} {
+	if {![info exists diffmergeid]} {
+	    gettreediffs $diffids
+	}
+    } elseif {$id ne $diffids} {
+	gettree $diffids
+    } else {
+	setfilelist $id
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc showfile {f} {
+    global treefilelist treeidlist diffids nullid nullid2
+    global ctext_file_names ctext_file_lines
+    global ctext commentend
+
+    set i [lsearch -exact $treefilelist($diffids) $f]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	puts "oops, $f not in list for id $diffids"
+	return
+    }
+    if {$diffids eq $nullid} {
+	if {[catch {set bf [open $f r]} err]} {
+	    puts "oops, can't read $f: $err"
+	    return
+	}
+    } else {
+	set blob [lindex $treeidlist($diffids) $i]
+	if {[catch {set bf [open [concat | git cat-file blob $blob] r]} err]} {
+	    puts "oops, error reading blob $blob: $err"
+	    return
+	}
+    }
+    fconfigure $bf -blocking 0 -encoding [get_path_encoding $f]
+    filerun $bf [list getblobline $bf $diffids]
+    $ctext config -state normal
+    clear_ctext $commentend
+    lappend ctext_file_names $f
+    lappend ctext_file_lines [lindex [split $commentend "."] 0]
+    $ctext insert end "\n"
+    $ctext insert end "$f\n" filesep
+    $ctext config -state disabled
+    $ctext yview $commentend
+    settabs 0
+}
+
+proc getblobline {bf id} {
+    global diffids cmitmode ctext
+
+    if {$id ne $diffids || $cmitmode ne "tree"} {
+	catch {close $bf}
+	return 0
+    }
+    $ctext config -state normal
+    set nl 0
+    while {[incr nl] <= 1000 && [gets $bf line] >= 0} {
+	$ctext insert end "$line\n"
+    }
+    if {[eof $bf]} {
+	global jump_to_here ctext_file_names commentend
+
+	# delete last newline
+	$ctext delete "end - 2c" "end - 1c"
+	close $bf
+	if {$jump_to_here ne {} &&
+	    [lindex $jump_to_here 0] eq [lindex $ctext_file_names 0]} {
+	    set lnum [expr {[lindex $jump_to_here 1] +
+			    [lindex [split $commentend .] 0]}]
+	    mark_ctext_line $lnum
+	}
+	return 0
+    }
+    $ctext config -state disabled
+    return [expr {$nl >= 1000? 2: 1}]
+}
+
+proc mark_ctext_line {lnum} {
+    global ctext markbgcolor
+
+    $ctext tag delete omark
+    $ctext tag add omark $lnum.0 "$lnum.0 + 1 line"
+    $ctext tag conf omark -background $markbgcolor
+    $ctext see $lnum.0
+}
+
+proc mergediff {id} {
+    global diffmergeid
+    global diffids treediffs
+    global parents curview
+
+    set diffmergeid $id
+    set diffids $id
+    set treediffs($id) {}
+    set np [llength $parents($curview,$id)]
+    settabs $np
+    getblobdiffs $id
+}
+
+proc startdiff {ids} {
+    global treediffs diffids treepending diffmergeid nullid nullid2
+
+    settabs 1
+    set diffids $ids
+    catch {unset diffmergeid}
+    if {![info exists treediffs($ids)] ||
+	[lsearch -exact $ids $nullid] >= 0 ||
+	[lsearch -exact $ids $nullid2] >= 0} {
+	if {![info exists treepending]} {
+	    gettreediffs $ids
+	}
+    } else {
+	addtocflist $ids
+    }
+}
+
+proc path_filter {filter name} {
+    foreach p $filter {
+	set l [string length $p]
+	if {[string index $p end] eq "/"} {
+	    if {[string compare -length $l $p $name] == 0} {
+		return 1
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    if {[string compare -length $l $p $name] == 0 &&
+		([string length $name] == $l ||
+		 [string index $name $l] eq "/")} {
+		return 1
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc addtocflist {ids} {
+    global treediffs
+
+    add_flist $treediffs($ids)
+    getblobdiffs $ids
+}
+
+proc diffcmd {ids flags} {
+    global nullid nullid2
+
+    set i [lsearch -exact $ids $nullid]
+    set j [lsearch -exact $ids $nullid2]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	if {[llength $ids] > 1 && $j < 0} {
+	    # comparing working directory with some specific revision
+	    set cmd [concat | git diff-index $flags]
+	    if {$i == 0} {
+		lappend cmd -R [lindex $ids 1]
+	    } else {
+		lappend cmd [lindex $ids 0]
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    # comparing working directory with index
+	    set cmd [concat | git diff-files $flags]
+	    if {$j == 1} {
+		lappend cmd -R
+	    }
+	}
+    } elseif {$j >= 0} {
+	set cmd [concat | git diff-index --cached $flags]
+	if {[llength $ids] > 1} {
+	    # comparing index with specific revision
+	    if {$i == 0} {
+		lappend cmd -R [lindex $ids 1]
+	    } else {
+		lappend cmd [lindex $ids 0]
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    # comparing index with HEAD
+	    lappend cmd HEAD
+	}
+    } else {
+	set cmd [concat | git diff-tree -r $flags $ids]
+    }
+    return $cmd
+}
+
+proc gettreediffs {ids} {
+    global treediff treepending
+
+    if {[catch {set gdtf [open [diffcmd $ids {--no-commit-id}] r]}]} return
+
+    set treepending $ids
+    set treediff {}
+    fconfigure $gdtf -blocking 0 -encoding binary
+    filerun $gdtf [list gettreediffline $gdtf $ids]
+}
+
+proc gettreediffline {gdtf ids} {
+    global treediff treediffs treepending diffids diffmergeid
+    global cmitmode vfilelimit curview limitdiffs perfile_attrs
+
+    set nr 0
+    set sublist {}
+    set max 1000
+    if {$perfile_attrs} {
+	# cache_gitattr is slow, and even slower on win32 where we
+	# have to invoke it for only about 30 paths at a time
+	set max 500
+	if {[tk windowingsystem] == "win32"} {
+	    set max 120
+	}
+    }
+    while {[incr nr] <= $max && [gets $gdtf line] >= 0} {
+	set i [string first "\t" $line]
+	if {$i >= 0} {
+	    set file [string range $line [expr {$i+1}] end]
+	    if {[string index $file 0] eq "\""} {
+		set file [lindex $file 0]
+	    }
+	    set file [encoding convertfrom $file]
+	    if {$file ne [lindex $treediff end]} {
+		lappend treediff $file
+		lappend sublist $file
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$perfile_attrs} {
+	cache_gitattr encoding $sublist
+    }
+    if {![eof $gdtf]} {
+	return [expr {$nr >= $max? 2: 1}]
+    }
+    close $gdtf
+    if {$limitdiffs && $vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
+	set flist {}
+	foreach f $treediff {
+	    if {[path_filter $vfilelimit($curview) $f]} {
+		lappend flist $f
+	    }
+	}
+	set treediffs($ids) $flist
+    } else {
+	set treediffs($ids) $treediff
+    }
+    unset treepending
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree" && [llength $diffids] == 1} {
+	gettree $diffids
+    } elseif {$ids != $diffids} {
+	if {![info exists diffmergeid]} {
+	    gettreediffs $diffids
+	}
+    } else {
+	addtocflist $ids
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+# empty string or positive integer
+proc diffcontextvalidate {v} {
+    return [regexp {^(|[1-9][0-9]*)$} $v]
+}
+
+proc diffcontextchange {n1 n2 op} {
+    global diffcontextstring diffcontext
+
+    if {[string is integer -strict $diffcontextstring]} {
+	if {$diffcontextstring >= 0} {
+	    set diffcontext $diffcontextstring
+	    reselectline
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc changeignorespace {} {
+    reselectline
+}
+
+proc getblobdiffs {ids} {
+    global blobdifffd diffids env
+    global diffinhdr treediffs
+    global diffcontext
+    global ignorespace
+    global limitdiffs vfilelimit curview
+    global diffencoding targetline diffnparents
+    global git_version
+
+    set textconv {}
+    if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.6.1"] >= 0} {
+	set textconv "--textconv"
+    }
+    set cmd [diffcmd $ids "-p $textconv -C --cc --no-commit-id -U$diffcontext"]
+    if {$ignorespace} {
+	append cmd " -w"
+    }
+    if {$limitdiffs && $vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
+	set cmd [concat $cmd -- $vfilelimit($curview)]
+    }
+    if {[catch {set bdf [open $cmd r]} err]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Error getting diffs: %s" $err]
+	return
+    }
+    set targetline {}
+    set diffnparents 0
+    set diffinhdr 0
+    set diffencoding [get_path_encoding {}]
+    fconfigure $bdf -blocking 0 -encoding binary -eofchar {}
+    set blobdifffd($ids) $bdf
+    filerun $bdf [list getblobdiffline $bdf $diffids]
+}
+
+proc setinlist {var i val} {
+    global $var
+
+    while {[llength [set $var]] < $i} {
+	lappend $var {}
+    }
+    if {[llength [set $var]] == $i} {
+	lappend $var $val
+    } else {
+	lset $var $i $val
+    }
+}
+
+proc makediffhdr {fname ids} {
+    global ctext curdiffstart treediffs diffencoding
+    global ctext_file_names jump_to_here targetline diffline
+
+    set fname [encoding convertfrom $fname]
+    set diffencoding [get_path_encoding $fname]
+    set i [lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $fname]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	setinlist difffilestart $i $curdiffstart
+    }
+    lset ctext_file_names end $fname
+    set l [expr {(78 - [string length $fname]) / 2}]
+    set pad [string range "----------------------------------------" 1 $l]
+    $ctext insert $curdiffstart "$pad $fname $pad" filesep
+    set targetline {}
+    if {$jump_to_here ne {} && [lindex $jump_to_here 0] eq $fname} {
+	set targetline [lindex $jump_to_here 1]
+    }
+    set diffline 0
+}
+
+proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
+    global diffids blobdifffd ctext curdiffstart
+    global diffnexthead diffnextnote difffilestart
+    global ctext_file_names ctext_file_lines
+    global diffinhdr treediffs mergemax diffnparents
+    global diffencoding jump_to_here targetline diffline
+
+    set nr 0
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    while {[incr nr] <= 1000 && [gets $bdf line] >= 0} {
+	if {$ids != $diffids || $bdf != $blobdifffd($ids)} {
+	    close $bdf
+	    return 0
+	}
+	if {![string compare -length 5 "diff " $line]} {
+	    if {![regexp {^diff (--cc|--git) } $line m type]} {
+		set line [encoding convertfrom $line]
+		$ctext insert end "$line\n" hunksep
+		continue
+	    }
+	    # start of a new file
+	    set diffinhdr 1
+	    $ctext insert end "\n"
+	    set curdiffstart [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
+	    lappend ctext_file_names ""
+	    lappend ctext_file_lines [lindex [split $curdiffstart "."] 0]
+	    $ctext insert end "\n" filesep
+
+	    if {$type eq "--cc"} {
+		# start of a new file in a merge diff
+		set fname [string range $line 10 end]
+		if {[lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $fname] < 0} {
+		    lappend treediffs($ids) $fname
+		    add_flist [list $fname]
+		}
+
+	    } else {
+		set line [string range $line 11 end]
+		# If the name hasn't changed the length will be odd,
+		# the middle char will be a space, and the two bits either
+		# side will be a/name and b/name, or "a/name" and "b/name".
+		# If the name has changed we'll get "rename from" and
+		# "rename to" or "copy from" and "copy to" lines following
+		# this, and we'll use them to get the filenames.
+		# This complexity is necessary because spaces in the
+		# filename(s) don't get escaped.
+		set l [string length $line]
+		set i [expr {$l / 2}]
+		if {!(($l & 1) && [string index $line $i] eq " " &&
+		      [string range $line 2 [expr {$i - 1}]] eq \
+			  [string range $line [expr {$i + 3}] end])} {
+		    continue
+		}
+		# unescape if quoted and chop off the a/ from the front
+		if {[string index $line 0] eq "\""} {
+		    set fname [string range [lindex $line 0] 2 end]
+		} else {
+		    set fname [string range $line 2 [expr {$i - 1}]]
+		}
+	    }
+	    makediffhdr $fname $ids
+
+	} elseif {![string compare -length 16 "* Unmerged path " $line]} {
+	    set fname [encoding convertfrom [string range $line 16 end]]
+	    $ctext insert end "\n"
+	    set curdiffstart [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
+	    lappend ctext_file_names $fname
+	    lappend ctext_file_lines [lindex [split $curdiffstart "."] 0]
+	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" filesep
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $fname]
+	    if {$i >= 0} {
+		setinlist difffilestart $i $curdiffstart
+	    }
+
+	} elseif {![string compare -length 2 "@@" $line]} {
+	    regexp {^@@+} $line ats
+	    set line [encoding convertfrom $diffencoding $line]
+	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" hunksep
+	    if {[regexp { \+(\d+),\d+ @@} $line m nl]} {
+		set diffline $nl
+	    }
+	    set diffnparents [expr {[string length $ats] - 1}]
+	    set diffinhdr 0
+
+	} elseif {$diffinhdr} {
+	    if {![string compare -length 12 "rename from " $line]} {
+		set fname [string range $line [expr 6 + [string first " from " $line] ] end]
+		if {[string index $fname 0] eq "\""} {
+		    set fname [lindex $fname 0]
+		}
+		set fname [encoding convertfrom $fname]
+		set i [lsearch -exact $treediffs($ids) $fname]
+		if {$i >= 0} {
+		    setinlist difffilestart $i $curdiffstart
+		}
+	    } elseif {![string compare -length 10 $line "rename to "] ||
+		      ![string compare -length 8 $line "copy to "]} {
+		set fname [string range $line [expr 4 + [string first " to " $line] ] end]
+		if {[string index $fname 0] eq "\""} {
+		    set fname [lindex $fname 0]
+		}
+		makediffhdr $fname $ids
+	    } elseif {[string compare -length 3 $line "---"] == 0} {
+		# do nothing
+		continue
+	    } elseif {[string compare -length 3 $line "+++"] == 0} {
+		set diffinhdr 0
+		continue
+	    }
+	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" filesep
+
+	} else {
+	    set line [string map {\x1A ^Z} \
+                          [encoding convertfrom $diffencoding $line]]
+	    # parse the prefix - one ' ', '-' or '+' for each parent
+	    set prefix [string range $line 0 [expr {$diffnparents - 1}]]
+	    set tag [expr {$diffnparents > 1? "m": "d"}]
+	    if {[string trim $prefix " -+"] eq {}} {
+		# prefix only has " ", "-" and "+" in it: normal diff line
+		set num [string first "-" $prefix]
+		if {$num >= 0} {
+		    # removed line, first parent with line is $num
+		    if {$num >= $mergemax} {
+			set num "max"
+		    }
+		    $ctext insert end "$line\n" $tag$num
+		} else {
+		    set tags {}
+		    if {[string first "+" $prefix] >= 0} {
+			# added line
+			lappend tags ${tag}result
+			if {$diffnparents > 1} {
+			    set num [string first " " $prefix]
+			    if {$num >= 0} {
+				if {$num >= $mergemax} {
+				    set num "max"
+				}
+				lappend tags m$num
+			    }
+			}
+		    }
+		    if {$targetline ne {}} {
+			if {$diffline == $targetline} {
+			    set seehere [$ctext index "end - 1 chars"]
+			    set targetline {}
+			} else {
+			    incr diffline
+			}
+		    }
+		    $ctext insert end "$line\n" $tags
+		}
+	    } else {
+		# "\ No newline at end of file",
+		# or something else we don't recognize
+		$ctext insert end "$line\n" hunksep
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists seehere]} {
+	mark_ctext_line [lindex [split $seehere .] 0]
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    if {[eof $bdf]} {
+	close $bdf
+	return 0
+    }
+    return [expr {$nr >= 1000? 2: 1}]
+}
+
+proc changediffdisp {} {
+    global ctext diffelide
+
+    $ctext tag conf d0 -elide [lindex $diffelide 0]
+    $ctext tag conf dresult -elide [lindex $diffelide 1]
+}
+
+proc highlightfile {loc cline} {
+    global ctext cflist cflist_top
+
+    $ctext yview $loc
+    $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
+    $cflist tag add highlight $cline.0 "$cline.0 lineend"
+    $cflist see $cline.0
+    set cflist_top $cline
+}
+
+proc prevfile {} {
+    global difffilestart ctext cmitmode
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
+    set prev 0.0
+    set prevline 1
+    set here [$ctext index @0,0]
+    foreach loc $difffilestart {
+	if {[$ctext compare $loc >= $here]} {
+	    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+	    return
+	}
+	set prev $loc
+	incr prevline
+    }
+    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+}
+
+proc nextfile {} {
+    global difffilestart ctext cmitmode
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
+    set here [$ctext index @0,0]
+    set line 1
+    foreach loc $difffilestart {
+	incr line
+	if {[$ctext compare $loc > $here]} {
+	    highlightfile $loc $line
+	    return
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc clear_ctext {{first 1.0}} {
+    global ctext smarktop smarkbot
+    global ctext_file_names ctext_file_lines
+    global pendinglinks
+
+    set l [lindex [split $first .] 0]
+    if {![info exists smarktop] || [$ctext compare $first < $smarktop.0]} {
+	set smarktop $l
+    }
+    if {![info exists smarkbot] || [$ctext compare $first < $smarkbot.0]} {
+	set smarkbot $l
+    }
+    $ctext delete $first end
+    if {$first eq "1.0"} {
+	catch {unset pendinglinks}
+    }
+    set ctext_file_names {}
+    set ctext_file_lines {}
+}
+
+proc settabs {{firstab {}}} {
+    global firsttabstop tabstop ctext have_tk85
+
+    if {$firstab ne {} && $have_tk85} {
+	set firsttabstop $firstab
+    }
+    set w [font measure textfont "0"]
+    if {$firsttabstop != 0} {
+	$ctext conf -tabs [list [expr {($firsttabstop + $tabstop) * $w}] \
+			       [expr {($firsttabstop + 2 * $tabstop) * $w}]]
+    } elseif {$have_tk85 || $tabstop != 8} {
+	$ctext conf -tabs [expr {$tabstop * $w}]
+    } else {
+	$ctext conf -tabs {}
+    }
+}
+
+proc incrsearch {name ix op} {
+    global ctext searchstring searchdirn
+
+    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+    if {[catch {$ctext index anchor}]} {
+	# no anchor set, use start of selection, or of visible area
+	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+	if {$sel ne {}} {
+	    $ctext mark set anchor [lindex $sel 0]
+	} elseif {$searchdirn eq "-forwards"} {
+	    $ctext mark set anchor @0,0
+	} else {
+	    $ctext mark set anchor @0,[winfo height $ctext]
+	}
+    }
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	set here [$ctext search $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
+	if {$here ne {}} {
+	    $ctext see $here
+	}
+	searchmarkvisible 1
+    }
+}
+
+proc dosearch {} {
+    global sstring ctext searchstring searchdirn
+
+    focus $sstring
+    $sstring icursor end
+    set searchdirn -forwards
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+	if {$sel ne {}} {
+	    set start "[lindex $sel 0] + 1c"
+	} elseif {[catch {set start [$ctext index anchor]}]} {
+	    set start "@0,0"
+	}
+	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $start]
+	$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+	if {$match eq {}} {
+	    bell
+	    return
+	}
+	$ctext see $match
+	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
+	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
+	$ctext mark unset anchor
+    }
+}
+
+proc dosearchback {} {
+    global sstring ctext searchstring searchdirn
+
+    focus $sstring
+    $sstring icursor end
+    set searchdirn -backwards
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+	if {$sel ne {}} {
+	    set start [lindex $sel 0]
+	} elseif {[catch {set start [$ctext index anchor]}]} {
+	    set start @0,[winfo height $ctext]
+	}
+	set match [$ctext search -backwards -count ml -- $searchstring $start]
+	$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+	if {$match eq {}} {
+	    bell
+	    return
+	}
+	$ctext see $match
+	set mend "$match + $ml c"
+	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
+	$ctext mark unset anchor
+    }
+}
+
+proc searchmark {first last} {
+    global ctext searchstring
+
+    set mend $first.0
+    while {1} {
+	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $mend $last.end]
+	if {$match eq {}} break
+	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
+	$ctext tag add found $match $mend
+    }
+}
+
+proc searchmarkvisible {doall} {
+    global ctext smarktop smarkbot
+
+    set topline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,0] .] 0]
+    set botline [lindex [split [$ctext index @0,[winfo height $ctext]] .] 0]
+    if {$doall || $botline < $smarktop || $topline > $smarkbot} {
+	# no overlap with previous
+	searchmark $topline $botline
+	set smarktop $topline
+	set smarkbot $botline
+    } else {
+	if {$topline < $smarktop} {
+	    searchmark $topline [expr {$smarktop-1}]
+	    set smarktop $topline
+	}
+	if {$botline > $smarkbot} {
+	    searchmark [expr {$smarkbot+1}] $botline
+	    set smarkbot $botline
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc scrolltext {f0 f1} {
+    global searchstring
+
+    .bleft.bottom.sb set $f0 $f1
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	searchmarkvisible 0
+    }
+}
+
+proc setcoords {} {
+    global linespc charspc canvx0 canvy0
+    global xspc1 xspc2 lthickness
+
+    set linespc [font metrics mainfont -linespace]
+    set charspc [font measure mainfont "m"]
+    set canvy0 [expr {int(3 + 0.5 * $linespc)}]
+    set canvx0 [expr {int(3 + 0.5 * $linespc)}]
+    set lthickness [expr {int($linespc / 9) + 1}]
+    set xspc1(0) $linespc
+    set xspc2 $linespc
+}
+
+proc redisplay {} {
+    global canv
+    global selectedline
+
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax == 0} return
+    set span [$canv yview]
+    clear_display
+    setcanvscroll
+    allcanvs yview moveto [lindex $span 0]
+    drawvisible
+    if {$selectedline ne {}} {
+	selectline $selectedline 0
+	allcanvs yview moveto [lindex $span 0]
+    }
+}
+
+proc parsefont {f n} {
+    global fontattr
+
+    set fontattr($f,family) [lindex $n 0]
+    set s [lindex $n 1]
+    if {$s eq {} || $s == 0} {
+	set s 10
+    } elseif {$s < 0} {
+	set s [expr {int(-$s / [winfo fpixels . 1p] + 0.5)}]
+    }
+    set fontattr($f,size) $s
+    set fontattr($f,weight) normal
+    set fontattr($f,slant) roman
+    foreach style [lrange $n 2 end] {
+	switch -- $style {
+	    "normal" -
+	    "bold"   {set fontattr($f,weight) $style}
+	    "roman" -
+	    "italic" {set fontattr($f,slant) $style}
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc fontflags {f {isbold 0}} {
+    global fontattr
+
+    return [list -family $fontattr($f,family) -size $fontattr($f,size) \
+		-weight [expr {$isbold? "bold": $fontattr($f,weight)}] \
+		-slant $fontattr($f,slant)]
+}
+
+proc fontname {f} {
+    global fontattr
+
+    set n [list $fontattr($f,family) $fontattr($f,size)]
+    if {$fontattr($f,weight) eq "bold"} {
+	lappend n "bold"
+    }
+    if {$fontattr($f,slant) eq "italic"} {
+	lappend n "italic"
+    }
+    return $n
+}
+
+proc incrfont {inc} {
+    global mainfont textfont ctext canv cflist showrefstop
+    global stopped entries fontattr
+
+    unmarkmatches
+    set s $fontattr(mainfont,size)
+    incr s $inc
+    if {$s < 1} {
+	set s 1
+    }
+    set fontattr(mainfont,size) $s
+    font config mainfont -size $s
+    font config mainfontbold -size $s
+    set mainfont [fontname mainfont]
+    set s $fontattr(textfont,size)
+    incr s $inc
+    if {$s < 1} {
+	set s 1
+    }
+    set fontattr(textfont,size) $s
+    font config textfont -size $s
+    font config textfontbold -size $s
+    set textfont [fontname textfont]
+    setcoords
+    settabs
+    redisplay
+}
+
+proc clearsha1 {} {
+    global sha1entry sha1string
+    if {[string length $sha1string] == 40} {
+	$sha1entry delete 0 end
+    }
+}
+
+proc sha1change {n1 n2 op} {
+    global sha1string currentid sha1but
+    if {$sha1string == {}
+	|| ([info exists currentid] && $sha1string == $currentid)} {
+	set state disabled
+    } else {
+	set state normal
+    }
+    if {[$sha1but cget -state] == $state} return
+    if {$state == "normal"} {
+	$sha1but conf -state normal -relief raised -text "[mc "Goto:"] "
+    } else {
+	$sha1but conf -state disabled -relief flat -text "[mc "SHA1 ID:"] "
+    }
+}
+
+proc gotocommit {} {
+    global sha1string tagids headids curview varcid
+
+    if {$sha1string == {}
+	|| ([info exists currentid] && $sha1string == $currentid)} return
+    if {[info exists tagids($sha1string)]} {
+	set id $tagids($sha1string)
+    } elseif {[info exists headids($sha1string)]} {
+	set id $headids($sha1string)
+    } else {
+	set id [string tolower $sha1string]
+	if {[regexp {^[0-9a-f]{4,39}$} $id]} {
+	    set matches [longid $id]
+	    if {$matches ne {}} {
+		if {[llength $matches] > 1} {
+		    error_popup [mc "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous" $id]
+		    return
+		}
+		set id [lindex $matches 0]
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
+	selectline [rowofcommit $id] 1
+	return
+    }
+    if {[regexp {^[0-9a-fA-F]{4,}$} $sha1string]} {
+	set msg [mc "SHA1 id %s is not known" $sha1string]
+    } else {
+	set msg [mc "Tag/Head %s is not known" $sha1string]
+    }
+    error_popup $msg
+}
+
+proc lineenter {x y id} {
+    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
+    global commitinfo canv
+
+    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)] && ![getcommit $id]} return
+    set hoverx $x
+    set hovery $y
+    set hoverid $id
+    if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
+	after cancel $hovertimer
+    }
+    set hovertimer [after 500 linehover]
+    $canv delete hover
+}
+
+proc linemotion {x y id} {
+    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
+
+    if {[info exists hoverid] && $id == $hoverid} {
+	set hoverx $x
+	set hovery $y
+	if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
+	    after cancel $hovertimer
+	}
+	set hovertimer [after 500 linehover]
+    }
+}
+
+proc lineleave {id} {
+    global hoverid hovertimer canv
+
+    if {[info exists hoverid] && $id == $hoverid} {
+	$canv delete hover
+	if {[info exists hovertimer]} {
+	    after cancel $hovertimer
+	    unset hovertimer
+	}
+	unset hoverid
+    }
+}
+
+proc linehover {} {
+    global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
+    global canv linespc lthickness
+    global commitinfo
+
+    set text [lindex $commitinfo($hoverid) 0]
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax == {}} return
+    set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
+    set x [expr {$hoverx + 2 * $linespc}]
+    set y [expr {$hovery + $yfrac * $ymax - $linespc / 2}]
+    set x0 [expr {$x - 2 * $lthickness}]
+    set y0 [expr {$y - 2 * $lthickness}]
+    set x1 [expr {$x + [font measure mainfont $text] + 2 * $lthickness}]
+    set y1 [expr {$y + $linespc + 2 * $lthickness}]
+    set t [$canv create rectangle $x0 $y0 $x1 $y1 \
+	       -fill \#ffff80 -outline black -width 1 -tags hover]
+    $canv raise $t
+    set t [$canv create text $x $y -anchor nw -text $text -tags hover \
+	       -font mainfont]
+    $canv raise $t
+}
+
+proc clickisonarrow {id y} {
+    global lthickness
+
+    set ranges [rowranges $id]
+    set thresh [expr {2 * $lthickness + 6}]
+    set n [expr {[llength $ranges] - 1}]
+    for {set i 1} {$i < $n} {incr i} {
+	set row [lindex $ranges $i]
+	if {abs([yc $row] - $y) < $thresh} {
+	    return $i
+	}
+    }
+    return {}
+}
+
+proc arrowjump {id n y} {
+    global canv
+
+    # 1 <-> 2, 3 <-> 4, etc...
+    set n [expr {(($n - 1) ^ 1) + 1}]
+    set row [lindex [rowranges $id] $n]
+    set yt [yc $row]
+    set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+    if {$ymax eq {} || $ymax <= 0} return
+    set view [$canv yview]
+    set yspan [expr {[lindex $view 1] - [lindex $view 0]}]
+    set yfrac [expr {$yt / $ymax - $yspan / 2}]
+    if {$yfrac < 0} {
+	set yfrac 0
+    }
+    allcanvs yview moveto $yfrac
+}
+
+proc lineclick {x y id isnew} {
+    global ctext commitinfo children canv thickerline curview
+
+    if {![info exists commitinfo($id)] && ![getcommit $id]} return
+    unmarkmatches
+    unselectline
+    normalline
+    $canv delete hover
+    # draw this line thicker than normal
+    set thickerline $id
+    drawlines $id
+    if {$isnew} {
+	set ymax [lindex [$canv cget -scrollregion] 3]
+	if {$ymax eq {}} return
+	set yfrac [lindex [$canv yview] 0]
+	set y [expr {$y + $yfrac * $ymax}]
+    }
+    set dirn [clickisonarrow $id $y]
+    if {$dirn ne {}} {
+	arrowjump $id $dirn $y
+	return
+    }
+
+    if {$isnew} {
+	addtohistory [list lineclick $x $y $id 0]
+    }
+    # fill the details pane with info about this line
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    settabs 0
+    $ctext insert end "[mc "Parent"]:\t"
+    $ctext insert end $id link0
+    setlink $id link0
+    set info $commitinfo($id)
+    $ctext insert end "\n\t[lindex $info 0]\n"
+    $ctext insert end "\t[mc "Author"]:\t[lindex $info 1]\n"
+    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
+    $ctext insert end "\t[mc "Date"]:\t$date\n"
+    set kids $children($curview,$id)
+    if {$kids ne {}} {
+	$ctext insert end "\n[mc "Children"]:"
+	set i 0
+	foreach child $kids {
+	    incr i
+	    if {![info exists commitinfo($child)] && ![getcommit $child]} continue
+	    set info $commitinfo($child)
+	    $ctext insert end "\n\t"
+	    $ctext insert end $child link$i
+	    setlink $child link$i
+	    $ctext insert end "\n\t[lindex $info 0]"
+	    $ctext insert end "\n\t[mc "Author"]:\t[lindex $info 1]"
+	    set date [formatdate [lindex $info 2]]
+	    $ctext insert end "\n\t[mc "Date"]:\t$date\n"
+	}
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    init_flist {}
+}
+
+proc normalline {} {
+    global thickerline
+    if {[info exists thickerline]} {
+	set id $thickerline
+	unset thickerline
+	drawlines $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc selbyid {id} {
+    global curview
+    if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
+	selectline [rowofcommit $id] 1
+    }
+}
+
+proc mstime {} {
+    global startmstime
+    if {![info exists startmstime]} {
+	set startmstime [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    }
+    return [format "%.3f" [expr {([clock click -milliseconds] - $startmstime) / 1000.0}]]
+}
+
+proc rowmenu {x y id} {
+    global rowctxmenu selectedline rowmenuid curview
+    global nullid nullid2 fakerowmenu mainhead markedid
+
+    stopfinding
+    set rowmenuid $id
+    if {$selectedline eq {} || [rowofcommit $id] eq $selectedline} {
+	set state disabled
+    } else {
+	set state normal
+    }
+    if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
+	set menu $rowctxmenu
+	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Reset %s branch to here" $mainhead] -state normal
+	} else {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Detached head: can't reset" $mainhead] -state disabled
+	}
+	if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid ne $id} {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state normal
+	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state normal
+	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state normal
+	} else {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state disabled
+	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state disabled
+	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state disabled
+	}
+    } else {
+	set menu $fakerowmenu
+    }
+    $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff this -> selected"] -state $state
+    $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff selected -> this"] -state $state
+    $menu entryconfigure [mca "Make patch"] -state $state
+    tk_popup $menu $x $y
+}
+
+proc markhere {} {
+    global rowmenuid markedid canv
+
+    set markedid $rowmenuid
+    make_idmark $markedid
+}
+
+proc gotomark {} {
+    global markedid
+
+    if {[info exists markedid]} {
+	selbyid $markedid
+    }
+}
+
+proc replace_by_kids {l r} {
+    global curview children
+
+    set id [commitonrow $r]
+    set l [lreplace $l 0 0]
+    foreach kid $children($curview,$id) {
+	lappend l [rowofcommit $kid]
+    }
+    return [lsort -integer -decreasing -unique $l]
+}
+
+proc find_common_desc {} {
+    global markedid rowmenuid curview children
+
+    if {![info exists markedid]} return
+    if {![commitinview $markedid $curview] ||
+	![commitinview $rowmenuid $curview]} return
+    #set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set l1 [list [rowofcommit $markedid]]
+    set l2 [list [rowofcommit $rowmenuid]]
+    while 1 {
+	set r1 [lindex $l1 0]
+	set r2 [lindex $l2 0]
+	if {$r1 eq {} || $r2 eq {}} break
+	if {$r1 == $r2} {
+	    selectline $r1 1
+	    break
+	}
+	if {$r1 > $r2} {
+	    set l1 [replace_by_kids $l1 $r1]
+	} else {
+	    set l2 [replace_by_kids $l2 $r2]
+	}
+    }
+    #set t2 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    #puts "took [expr {$t2-$t1}]ms"
+}
+
+proc compare_commits {} {
+    global markedid rowmenuid curview children
+
+    if {![info exists markedid]} return
+    if {![commitinview $markedid $curview]} return
+    addtohistory [list do_cmp_commits $markedid $rowmenuid]
+    do_cmp_commits $markedid $rowmenuid
+}
+
+proc getpatchid {id} {
+    global patchids
+
+    if {![info exists patchids($id)]} {
+	set cmd [diffcmd [list $id] {-p --root}]
+	# trim off the initial "|"
+	set cmd [lrange $cmd 1 end]
+	if {[catch {
+	    set x [eval exec $cmd | git patch-id]
+	    set patchids($id) [lindex $x 0]
+	}]} {
+	    set patchids($id) "error"
+	}
+    }
+    return $patchids($id)
+}
+
+proc do_cmp_commits {a b} {
+    global ctext curview parents children patchids commitinfo
+
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    init_flist {}
+    for {set i 0} {$i < 100} {incr i} {
+	set skipa 0
+	set skipb 0
+	if {[llength $parents($curview,$a)] > 1} {
+	    appendshortlink $a [mc "Skipping merge commit "] "\n"
+	    set skipa 1
+	} else {
+	    set patcha [getpatchid $a]
+	}
+	if {[llength $parents($curview,$b)] > 1} {
+	    appendshortlink $b [mc "Skipping merge commit "] "\n"
+	    set skipb 1
+	} else {
+	    set patchb [getpatchid $b]
+	}
+	if {!$skipa && !$skipb} {
+	    set heada [lindex $commitinfo($a) 0]
+	    set headb [lindex $commitinfo($b) 0]
+	    if {$patcha eq "error"} {
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Error getting patch ID for "] \
+		    [mc " - stopping\n"]
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {$patchb eq "error"} {
+		appendshortlink $b [mc "Error getting patch ID for "] \
+		    [mc " - stopping\n"]
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {$patcha eq $patchb} {
+		if {$heada eq $headb} {
+		    appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "]
+		    appendshortlink $b " == " "  $heada\n"
+		} else {
+		    appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] "  $heada\n"
+		    appendshortlink $b [mc " is the same patch as\n       "] \
+			"  $headb\n"
+		}
+		set skipa 1
+		set skipb 1
+	    } else {
+		$ctext insert end "\n"
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] "  $heada\n"
+		appendshortlink $b [mc " differs from\n       "] \
+		    "  $headb\n"
+		$ctext insert end [mc "- stopping\n"]
+		break
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$skipa} {
+	    if {[llength $children($curview,$a)] != 1} {
+		$ctext insert end "\n"
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] \
+		    [mc " has %s children - stopping\n" \
+			 [llength $children($curview,$a)]]
+		break
+	    }
+	    set a [lindex $children($curview,$a) 0]
+	}
+	if {$skipb} {
+	    if {[llength $children($curview,$b)] != 1} {
+		appendshortlink $b [mc "Commit "] \
+		    [mc " has %s children - stopping\n" \
+			 [llength $children($curview,$b)]]
+		break
+	    }
+	    set b [lindex $children($curview,$b) 0]
+	}
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc diffvssel {dirn} {
+    global rowmenuid selectedline
+
+    if {$selectedline eq {}} return
+    if {$dirn} {
+	set oldid [commitonrow $selectedline]
+	set newid $rowmenuid
+    } else {
+	set oldid $rowmenuid
+	set newid [commitonrow $selectedline]
+    }
+    addtohistory [list doseldiff $oldid $newid]
+    doseldiff $oldid $newid
+}
+
+proc doseldiff {oldid newid} {
+    global ctext
+    global commitinfo
+
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    init_flist [mc "Top"]
+    $ctext insert end "[mc "From"] "
+    $ctext insert end $oldid link0
+    setlink $oldid link0
+    $ctext insert end "\n     "
+    $ctext insert end [lindex $commitinfo($oldid) 0]
+    $ctext insert end "\n\n[mc "To"]   "
+    $ctext insert end $newid link1
+    setlink $newid link1
+    $ctext insert end "\n     "
+    $ctext insert end [lindex $commitinfo($newid) 0]
+    $ctext insert end "\n"
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+    startdiff [list $oldid $newid]
+}
+
+proc mkpatch {} {
+    global rowmenuid currentid commitinfo patchtop patchnum
+
+    if {![info exists currentid]} return
+    set oldid $currentid
+    set oldhead [lindex $commitinfo($oldid) 0]
+    set newid $rowmenuid
+    set newhead [lindex $commitinfo($newid) 0]
+    set top .patch
+    set patchtop $top
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    toplevel $top
+    make_transient $top .
+    label $top.title -text [mc "Generate patch"]
+    grid $top.title - -pady 10
+    label $top.from -text [mc "From:"]
+    entry $top.fromsha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    $top.fromsha1 insert 0 $oldid
+    $top.fromsha1 conf -state readonly
+    grid $top.from $top.fromsha1 -sticky w
+    entry $top.fromhead -width 60 -relief flat
+    $top.fromhead insert 0 $oldhead
+    $top.fromhead conf -state readonly
+    grid x $top.fromhead -sticky w
+    label $top.to -text [mc "To:"]
+    entry $top.tosha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    $top.tosha1 insert 0 $newid
+    $top.tosha1 conf -state readonly
+    grid $top.to $top.tosha1 -sticky w
+    entry $top.tohead -width 60 -relief flat
+    $top.tohead insert 0 $newhead
+    $top.tohead conf -state readonly
+    grid x $top.tohead -sticky w
+    button $top.rev -text [mc "Reverse"] -command mkpatchrev -padx 5
+    grid $top.rev x -pady 10
+    label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
+    entry $top.fname -width 60
+    $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "patch$patchnum.patch"]
+    incr patchnum
+    grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Generate"] -command mkpatchgo
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mkpatchcan
+    bind $top <Key-Return> mkpatchgo
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> mkpatchcan
+    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    focus $top.fname
+}
+
+proc mkpatchrev {} {
+    global patchtop
+
+    set oldid [$patchtop.fromsha1 get]
+    set oldhead [$patchtop.fromhead get]
+    set newid [$patchtop.tosha1 get]
+    set newhead [$patchtop.tohead get]
+    foreach e [list fromsha1 fromhead tosha1 tohead] \
+	    v [list $newid $newhead $oldid $oldhead] {
+	$patchtop.$e conf -state normal
+	$patchtop.$e delete 0 end
+	$patchtop.$e insert 0 $v
+	$patchtop.$e conf -state readonly
+    }
+}
+
+proc mkpatchgo {} {
+    global patchtop nullid nullid2
+
+    set oldid [$patchtop.fromsha1 get]
+    set newid [$patchtop.tosha1 get]
+    set fname [$patchtop.fname get]
+    set cmd [diffcmd [list $oldid $newid] -p]
+    # trim off the initial "|"
+    set cmd [lrange $cmd 1 end]
+    lappend cmd >$fname &
+    if {[catch {eval exec $cmd} err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error creating patch:"] $err" $patchtop
+    }
+    catch {destroy $patchtop}
+    unset patchtop
+}
+
+proc mkpatchcan {} {
+    global patchtop
+
+    catch {destroy $patchtop}
+    unset patchtop
+}
+
+proc mktag {} {
+    global rowmenuid mktagtop commitinfo
+
+    set top .maketag
+    set mktagtop $top
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    toplevel $top
+    make_transient $top .
+    label $top.title -text [mc "Create tag"]
+    grid $top.title - -pady 10
+    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
+    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
+    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
+    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
+    $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
+    $top.head conf -state readonly
+    grid x $top.head -sticky w
+    label $top.tlab -text [mc "Tag name:"]
+    entry $top.tag -width 60
+    grid $top.tlab $top.tag -sticky w
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Create"] -command mktaggo
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mktagcan
+    bind $top <Key-Return> mktaggo
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> mktagcan
+    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    focus $top.tag
+}
+
+proc domktag {} {
+    global mktagtop env tagids idtags
+
+    set id [$mktagtop.sha1 get]
+    set tag [$mktagtop.tag get]
+    if {$tag == {}} {
+	error_popup [mc "No tag name specified"] $mktagtop
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {[info exists tagids($tag)]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Tag \"%s\" already exists" $tag] $mktagtop
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {[catch {
+	exec git tag $tag $id
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error creating tag:"] $err" $mktagtop
+	return 0
+    }
+
+    set tagids($tag) $id
+    lappend idtags($id) $tag
+    redrawtags $id
+    addedtag $id
+    dispneartags 0
+    run refill_reflist
+    return 1
+}
+
+proc redrawtags {id} {
+    global canv linehtag idpos currentid curview cmitlisted markedid
+    global canvxmax iddrawn circleitem mainheadid circlecolors
+
+    if {![commitinview $id $curview]} return
+    if {![info exists iddrawn($id)]} return
+    set row [rowofcommit $id]
+    if {$id eq $mainheadid} {
+	set ofill yellow
+    } else {
+	set ofill [lindex $circlecolors $cmitlisted($curview,$id)]
+    }
+    $canv itemconf $circleitem($row) -fill $ofill
+    $canv delete tag.$id
+    set xt [eval drawtags $id $idpos($id)]
+    $canv coords $linehtag($id) $xt [lindex $idpos($id) 2]
+    set text [$canv itemcget $linehtag($id) -text]
+    set font [$canv itemcget $linehtag($id) -font]
+    set xr [expr {$xt + [font measure $font $text]}]
+    if {$xr > $canvxmax} {
+	set canvxmax $xr
+	setcanvscroll
+    }
+    if {[info exists currentid] && $currentid == $id} {
+	make_secsel $id
+    }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid eq $id} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
+}
+
+proc mktagcan {} {
+    global mktagtop
+
+    catch {destroy $mktagtop}
+    unset mktagtop
+}
+
+proc mktaggo {} {
+    if {![domktag]} return
+    mktagcan
+}
+
+proc writecommit {} {
+    global rowmenuid wrcomtop commitinfo wrcomcmd
+
+    set top .writecommit
+    set wrcomtop $top
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    toplevel $top
+    make_transient $top .
+    label $top.title -text [mc "Write commit to file"]
+    grid $top.title - -pady 10
+    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
+    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
+    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
+    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
+    $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
+    $top.head conf -state readonly
+    grid x $top.head -sticky w
+    label $top.clab -text [mc "Command:"]
+    entry $top.cmd -width 60 -textvariable wrcomcmd
+    grid $top.clab $top.cmd -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
+    entry $top.fname -width 60
+    $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "commit-[string range $rowmenuid 0 6]"]
+    grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Write"] -command wrcomgo
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command wrcomcan
+    bind $top <Key-Return> wrcomgo
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> wrcomcan
+    grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    focus $top.fname
+}
+
+proc wrcomgo {} {
+    global wrcomtop
+
+    set id [$wrcomtop.sha1 get]
+    set cmd "echo $id | [$wrcomtop.cmd get]"
+    set fname [$wrcomtop.fname get]
+    if {[catch {exec sh -c $cmd >$fname &} err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error writing commit:"] $err" $wrcomtop
+    }
+    catch {destroy $wrcomtop}
+    unset wrcomtop
+}
+
+proc wrcomcan {} {
+    global wrcomtop
+
+    catch {destroy $wrcomtop}
+    unset wrcomtop
+}
+
+proc mkbranch {} {
+    global rowmenuid mkbrtop
+
+    set top .makebranch
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    toplevel $top
+    make_transient $top .
+    label $top.title -text [mc "Create new branch"]
+    grid $top.title - -pady 10
+    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
+    $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
+    grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
+    label $top.nlab -text [mc "Name:"]
+    entry $top.name -width 40
+    grid $top.nlab $top.name -sticky w
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.go -text [mc "Create"] -command [list mkbrgo $top]
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command "catch {destroy $top}"
+    bind $top <Key-Return> [list mkbrgo $top]
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> "catch {destroy $top}"
+    grid $top.buts.go $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid $top.buts - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    focus $top.name
+}
+
+proc mkbrgo {top} {
+    global headids idheads
+
+    set name [$top.name get]
+    set id [$top.sha1 get]
+    set cmdargs {}
+    set old_id {}
+    if {$name eq {}} {
+	error_popup [mc "Please specify a name for the new branch"] $top
+	return
+    }
+    if {[info exists headids($name)]} {
+	if {![confirm_popup [mc \
+		"Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?" $name] $top]} {
+	    return
+	}
+	set old_id $headids($name)
+	lappend cmdargs -f
+    }
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    lappend cmdargs $name $id
+    nowbusy newbranch
+    update
+    if {[catch {
+	eval exec git branch $cmdargs
+    } err]} {
+	notbusy newbranch
+	error_popup $err
+    } else {
+	notbusy newbranch
+	if {$old_id ne {}} {
+	    movehead $id $name
+	    movedhead $id $name
+	    redrawtags $old_id
+	    redrawtags $id
+	} else {
+	    set headids($name) $id
+	    lappend idheads($id) $name
+	    addedhead $id $name
+	    redrawtags $id
+	}
+	dispneartags 0
+	run refill_reflist
+    }
+}
+
+proc exec_citool {tool_args {baseid {}}} {
+    global commitinfo env
+
+    set save_env [array get env GIT_AUTHOR_*]
+
+    if {$baseid ne {}} {
+	if {![info exists commitinfo($baseid)]} {
+	    getcommit $baseid
+	}
+	set author [lindex $commitinfo($baseid) 1]
+	set date [lindex $commitinfo($baseid) 2]
+	if {[regexp {^\s*(\S.*\S|\S)\s*<(.*)>\s*$} \
+	            $author author name email]
+	    && $date ne {}} {
+	    set env(GIT_AUTHOR_NAME) $name
+	    set env(GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL) $email
+	    set env(GIT_AUTHOR_DATE) $date
+	}
+    }
+
+    eval exec git citool $tool_args &
+
+    array unset env GIT_AUTHOR_*
+    array set env $save_env
+}
+
+proc cherrypick {} {
+    global rowmenuid curview
+    global mainhead mainheadid
+
+    set oldhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+    set dheads [descheads $rowmenuid]
+    if {$dheads ne {} && [lsearch -exact $dheads $oldhead] >= 0} {
+	set ok [confirm_popup [mc "Commit %s is already\
+		included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?" \
+				   [string range $rowmenuid 0 7] $mainhead]]
+	if {!$ok} return
+    }
+    nowbusy cherrypick [mc "Cherry-picking"]
+    update
+    # Unfortunately git-cherry-pick writes stuff to stderr even when
+    # no error occurs, and exec takes that as an indication of error...
+    if {[catch {exec sh -c "git cherry-pick -r $rowmenuid 2>&1"} err]} {
+	notbusy cherrypick
+	if {[regexp -line \
+		 {Entry '(.*)' (would be overwritten by merge|not uptodate)} \
+		 $err msg fname]} {
+	    error_popup [mc "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes\
+			to file '%s'.\nPlease commit, reset or stash\
+			your changes and try again." $fname]
+	} elseif {[regexp -line \
+		       {^(CONFLICT \(.*\):|Automatic cherry-pick failed)} \
+		       $err]} {
+	    if {[confirm_popup [mc "Cherry-pick failed because of merge\
+			conflict.\nDo you wish to run git citool to\
+			resolve it?"]]} {
+		# Force citool to read MERGE_MSG
+		file delete [file join [gitdir] "GITGUI_MSG"]
+		exec_citool {} $rowmenuid
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    error_popup $err
+	}
+	run updatecommits
+	return
+    }
+    set newhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+    if {$newhead eq $oldhead} {
+	notbusy cherrypick
+	error_popup [mc "No changes committed"]
+	return
+    }
+    addnewchild $newhead $oldhead
+    if {[commitinview $oldhead $curview]} {
+	# XXX this isn't right if we have a path limit...
+	insertrow $newhead $oldhead $curview
+	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
+	    movehead $newhead $mainhead
+	    movedhead $newhead $mainhead
+	}
+	set mainheadid $newhead
+	redrawtags $oldhead
+	redrawtags $newhead
+	selbyid $newhead
+    }
+    notbusy cherrypick
+}
+
+proc resethead {} {
+    global mainhead rowmenuid confirm_ok resettype
+
+    set confirm_ok 0
+    set w ".confirmreset"
+    toplevel $w
+    make_transient $w .
+    wm title $w [mc "Confirm reset"]
+    message $w.m -text \
+	[mc "Reset branch %s to %s?" $mainhead [string range $rowmenuid 0 7]] \
+	-justify center -aspect 1000
+    pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
+    frame $w.f -relief sunken -border 2
+    message $w.f.rt -text [mc "Reset type:"] -aspect 1000
+    grid $w.f.rt -sticky w
+    set resettype mixed
+    radiobutton $w.f.soft -value soft -variable resettype -justify left \
+	-text [mc "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"]
+    grid $w.f.soft -sticky w
+    radiobutton $w.f.mixed -value mixed -variable resettype -justify left \
+	-text [mc "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"]
+    grid $w.f.mixed -sticky w
+    radiobutton $w.f.hard -value hard -variable resettype -justify left \
+	-text [mc "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n(discard ALL local changes)"]
+    grid $w.f.hard -sticky w
+    pack $w.f -side top -fill x
+    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    pack $w.ok -side left -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
+    button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
+    bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
+    pack $w.cancel -side right -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
+    bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
+    tkwait window $w
+    if {!$confirm_ok} return
+    if {[catch {set fd [open \
+	    [list | git reset --$resettype $rowmenuid 2>@1] r]} err]} {
+	error_popup $err
+    } else {
+	dohidelocalchanges
+	filerun $fd [list readresetstat $fd]
+	nowbusy reset [mc "Resetting"]
+	selbyid $rowmenuid
+    }
+}
+
+proc readresetstat {fd} {
+    global mainhead mainheadid showlocalchanges rprogcoord
+
+    if {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+	if {[regexp {([0-9]+)% \(([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)\)} $line match p m n]} {
+	    set rprogcoord [expr {1.0 * $m / $n}]
+	    adjustprogress
+	}
+	return 1
+    }
+    set rprogcoord 0
+    adjustprogress
+    notbusy reset
+    if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+	error_popup $err
+    }
+    set oldhead $mainheadid
+    set newhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+    if {$newhead ne $oldhead} {
+	movehead $newhead $mainhead
+	movedhead $newhead $mainhead
+	set mainheadid $newhead
+	redrawtags $oldhead
+	redrawtags $newhead
+    }
+    if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	doshowlocalchanges
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+# context menu for a head
+proc headmenu {x y id head} {
+    global headmenuid headmenuhead headctxmenu mainhead
+
+    stopfinding
+    set headmenuid $id
+    set headmenuhead $head
+    set state normal
+    if {$head eq $mainhead} {
+	set state disabled
+    }
+    $headctxmenu entryconfigure 0 -state $state
+    $headctxmenu entryconfigure 1 -state $state
+    tk_popup $headctxmenu $x $y
+}
+
+proc cobranch {} {
+    global headmenuid headmenuhead headids
+    global showlocalchanges
+
+    # check the tree is clean first??
+    nowbusy checkout [mc "Checking out"]
+    update
+    dohidelocalchanges
+    if {[catch {
+	set fd [open [list | git checkout $headmenuhead 2>@1] r]
+    } err]} {
+	notbusy checkout
+	error_popup $err
+	if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	    dodiffindex
+	}
+    } else {
+	filerun $fd [list readcheckoutstat $fd $headmenuhead $headmenuid]
+    }
+}
+
+proc readcheckoutstat {fd newhead newheadid} {
+    global mainhead mainheadid headids showlocalchanges progresscoords
+    global viewmainheadid curview
+
+    if {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+	if {[regexp {([0-9]+)% \(([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)\)} $line match p m n]} {
+	    set progresscoords [list 0 [expr {1.0 * $m / $n}]]
+	    adjustprogress
+	}
+	return 1
+    }
+    set progresscoords {0 0}
+    adjustprogress
+    notbusy checkout
+    if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+	error_popup $err
+    }
+    set oldmainid $mainheadid
+    set mainhead $newhead
+    set mainheadid $newheadid
+    set viewmainheadid($curview) $newheadid
+    redrawtags $oldmainid
+    redrawtags $newheadid
+    selbyid $newheadid
+    if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	dodiffindex
+    }
+}
+
+proc rmbranch {} {
+    global headmenuid headmenuhead mainhead
+    global idheads
+
+    set head $headmenuhead
+    set id $headmenuid
+    # this check shouldn't be needed any more...
+    if {$head eq $mainhead} {
+	error_popup [mc "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"]
+	return
+    }
+    set dheads [descheads $id]
+    if {[llength $dheads] == 1 && $idheads($dheads) eq $head} {
+	# the stuff on this branch isn't on any other branch
+	if {![confirm_popup [mc "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other\
+			branch.\nReally delete branch %s?" $head $head]]} return
+    }
+    nowbusy rmbranch
+    update
+    if {[catch {exec git branch -D $head} err]} {
+	notbusy rmbranch
+	error_popup $err
+	return
+    }
+    removehead $id $head
+    removedhead $id $head
+    redrawtags $id
+    notbusy rmbranch
+    dispneartags 0
+    run refill_reflist
+}
+
+# Display a list of tags and heads
+proc showrefs {} {
+    global showrefstop bgcolor fgcolor selectbgcolor
+    global bglist fglist reflistfilter reflist maincursor
+
+    set top .showrefs
+    set showrefstop $top
+    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
+	raise $top
+	refill_reflist
+	return
+    }
+    toplevel $top
+    wm title $top [mc "Tags and heads: %s" [file tail [pwd]]]
+    make_transient $top .
+    text $top.list -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
+	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor -font mainfont \
+	-xscrollcommand "$top.xsb set" -yscrollcommand "$top.ysb set" \
+	-width 30 -height 20 -cursor $maincursor \
+	-spacing1 1 -spacing3 1 -state disabled
+    $top.list tag configure highlight -background $selectbgcolor
+    lappend bglist $top.list
+    lappend fglist $top.list
+    scrollbar $top.ysb -command "$top.list yview" -orient vertical
+    scrollbar $top.xsb -command "$top.list xview" -orient horizontal
+    grid $top.list $top.ysb -sticky nsew
+    grid $top.xsb x -sticky ew
+    frame $top.f
+    label $top.f.l -text "[mc "Filter"]: "
+    entry $top.f.e -width 20 -textvariable reflistfilter
+    set reflistfilter "*"
+    trace add variable reflistfilter write reflistfilter_change
+    pack $top.f.e -side right -fill x -expand 1
+    pack $top.f.l -side left
+    grid $top.f - -sticky ew -pady 2
+    button $top.close -command [list destroy $top] -text [mc "Close"]
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> [list destroy $top]
+    grid $top.close -
+    grid columnconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
+    grid rowconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
+    bind $top.list <1> {break}
+    bind $top.list <B1-Motion> {break}
+    bind $top.list <ButtonRelease-1> {sel_reflist %W %x %y; break}
+    set reflist {}
+    refill_reflist
+}
+
+proc sel_reflist {w x y} {
+    global showrefstop reflist headids tagids otherrefids
+
+    if {![winfo exists $showrefstop]} return
+    set l [lindex [split [$w index "@$x,$y"] "."] 0]
+    set ref [lindex $reflist [expr {$l-1}]]
+    set n [lindex $ref 0]
+    switch -- [lindex $ref 1] {
+	"H" {selbyid $headids($n)}
+	"T" {selbyid $tagids($n)}
+	"o" {selbyid $otherrefids($n)}
+    }
+    $showrefstop.list tag add highlight $l.0 "$l.0 lineend"
+}
+
+proc unsel_reflist {} {
+    global showrefstop
+
+    if {![info exists showrefstop] || ![winfo exists $showrefstop]} return
+    $showrefstop.list tag remove highlight 0.0 end
+}
+
+proc reflistfilter_change {n1 n2 op} {
+    global reflistfilter
+
+    after cancel refill_reflist
+    after 200 refill_reflist
+}
+
+proc refill_reflist {} {
+    global reflist reflistfilter showrefstop headids tagids otherrefids
+    global curview
+
+    if {![info exists showrefstop] || ![winfo exists $showrefstop]} return
+    set refs {}
+    foreach n [array names headids] {
+	if {[string match $reflistfilter $n]} {
+	    if {[commitinview $headids($n) $curview]} {
+		lappend refs [list $n H]
+	    } else {
+		interestedin $headids($n) {run refill_reflist}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    foreach n [array names tagids] {
+	if {[string match $reflistfilter $n]} {
+	    if {[commitinview $tagids($n) $curview]} {
+		lappend refs [list $n T]
+	    } else {
+		interestedin $tagids($n) {run refill_reflist}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    foreach n [array names otherrefids] {
+	if {[string match $reflistfilter $n]} {
+	    if {[commitinview $otherrefids($n) $curview]} {
+		lappend refs [list $n o]
+	    } else {
+		interestedin $otherrefids($n) {run refill_reflist}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set refs [lsort -index 0 $refs]
+    if {$refs eq $reflist} return
+
+    # Update the contents of $showrefstop.list according to the
+    # differences between $reflist (old) and $refs (new)
+    $showrefstop.list conf -state normal
+    $showrefstop.list insert end "\n"
+    set i 0
+    set j 0
+    while {$i < [llength $reflist] || $j < [llength $refs]} {
+	if {$i < [llength $reflist]} {
+	    if {$j < [llength $refs]} {
+		set cmp [string compare [lindex $reflist $i 0] \
+			     [lindex $refs $j 0]]
+		if {$cmp == 0} {
+		    set cmp [string compare [lindex $reflist $i 1] \
+				 [lindex $refs $j 1]]
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set cmp -1
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    set cmp 1
+	}
+	switch -- $cmp {
+	    -1 {
+		$showrefstop.list delete "[expr {$j+1}].0" "[expr {$j+2}].0"
+		incr i
+	    }
+	    0 {
+		incr i
+		incr j
+	    }
+	    1 {
+		set l [expr {$j + 1}]
+		$showrefstop.list image create $l.0 -align baseline \
+		    -image reficon-[lindex $refs $j 1] -padx 2
+		$showrefstop.list insert $l.1 "[lindex $refs $j 0]\n"
+		incr j
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set reflist $refs
+    # delete last newline
+    $showrefstop.list delete end-2c end-1c
+    $showrefstop.list conf -state disabled
+}
+
+# Stuff for finding nearby tags
+proc getallcommits {} {
+    global allcommits nextarc seeds allccache allcwait cachedarcs allcupdate
+    global idheads idtags idotherrefs allparents tagobjid
+
+    if {![info exists allcommits]} {
+	set nextarc 0
+	set allcommits 0
+	set seeds {}
+	set allcwait 0
+	set cachedarcs 0
+	set allccache [file join [gitdir] "gitk.cache"]
+	if {![catch {
+	    set f [open $allccache r]
+	    set allcwait 1
+	    getcache $f
+	}]} return
+    }
+
+    if {$allcwait} {
+	return
+    }
+    set cmd [list | git rev-list --parents]
+    set allcupdate [expr {$seeds ne {}}]
+    if {!$allcupdate} {
+	set ids "--all"
+    } else {
+	set refs [concat [array names idheads] [array names idtags] \
+		      [array names idotherrefs]]
+	set ids {}
+	set tagobjs {}
+	foreach name [array names tagobjid] {
+	    lappend tagobjs $tagobjid($name)
+	}
+	foreach id [lsort -unique $refs] {
+	    if {![info exists allparents($id)] &&
+		[lsearch -exact $tagobjs $id] < 0} {
+		lappend ids $id
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$ids ne {}} {
+	    foreach id $seeds {
+		lappend ids "^$id"
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if {$ids ne {}} {
+	set fd [open [concat $cmd $ids] r]
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0
+	incr allcommits
+	nowbusy allcommits
+	filerun $fd [list getallclines $fd]
+    } else {
+	dispneartags 0
+    }
+}
+
+# Since most commits have 1 parent and 1 child, we group strings of
+# such commits into "arcs" joining branch/merge points (BMPs), which
+# are commits that either don't have 1 parent or don't have 1 child.
+#
+# arcnos(id) - incoming arcs for BMP, arc we're on for other nodes
+# arcout(id) - outgoing arcs for BMP
+# arcids(a) - list of IDs on arc including end but not start
+# arcstart(a) - BMP ID at start of arc
+# arcend(a) - BMP ID at end of arc
+# growing(a) - arc a is still growing
+# arctags(a) - IDs out of arcids (excluding end) that have tags
+# archeads(a) - IDs out of arcids (excluding end) that have heads
+# The start of an arc is at the descendent end, so "incoming" means
+# coming from descendents, and "outgoing" means going towards ancestors.
+
+proc getallclines {fd} {
+    global allparents allchildren idtags idheads nextarc
+    global arcnos arcids arctags arcout arcend arcstart archeads growing
+    global seeds allcommits cachedarcs allcupdate
+    
+    set nid 0
+    while {[incr nid] <= 1000 && [gets $fd line] >= 0} {
+	set id [lindex $line 0]
+	if {[info exists allparents($id)]} {
+	    # seen it already
+	    continue
+	}
+	set cachedarcs 0
+	set olds [lrange $line 1 end]
+	set allparents($id) $olds
+	if {![info exists allchildren($id)]} {
+	    set allchildren($id) {}
+	    set arcnos($id) {}
+	    lappend seeds $id
+	} else {
+	    set a $arcnos($id)
+	    if {[llength $olds] == 1 && [llength $a] == 1} {
+		lappend arcids($a) $id
+		if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+		    lappend arctags($a) $id
+		}
+		if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
+		    lappend archeads($a) $id
+		}
+		if {[info exists allparents($olds)]} {
+		    # seen parent already
+		    if {![info exists arcout($olds)]} {
+			splitarc $olds
+		    }
+		    lappend arcids($a) $olds
+		    set arcend($a) $olds
+		    unset growing($a)
+		}
+		lappend allchildren($olds) $id
+		lappend arcnos($olds) $a
+		continue
+	    }
+	}
+	foreach a $arcnos($id) {
+	    lappend arcids($a) $id
+	    set arcend($a) $id
+	    unset growing($a)
+	}
+
+	set ao {}
+	foreach p $olds {
+	    lappend allchildren($p) $id
+	    set a [incr nextarc]
+	    set arcstart($a) $id
+	    set archeads($a) {}
+	    set arctags($a) {}
+	    set archeads($a) {}
+	    set arcids($a) {}
+	    lappend ao $a
+	    set growing($a) 1
+	    if {[info exists allparents($p)]} {
+		# seen it already, may need to make a new branch
+		if {![info exists arcout($p)]} {
+		    splitarc $p
+		}
+		lappend arcids($a) $p
+		set arcend($a) $p
+		unset growing($a)
+	    }
+	    lappend arcnos($p) $a
+	}
+	set arcout($id) $ao
+    }
+    if {$nid > 0} {
+	global cached_dheads cached_dtags cached_atags
+	catch {unset cached_dheads}
+	catch {unset cached_dtags}
+	catch {unset cached_atags}
+    }
+    if {![eof $fd]} {
+	return [expr {$nid >= 1000? 2: 1}]
+    }
+    set cacheok 1
+    if {[catch {
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
+	close $fd
+    } err]} {
+	# got an error reading the list of commits
+	# if we were updating, try rereading the whole thing again
+	if {$allcupdate} {
+	    incr allcommits -1
+	    dropcache $err
+	    return
+	}
+	error_popup "[mc "Error reading commit topology information;\
+		branch and preceding/following tag information\
+	        will be incomplete."]\n($err)"
+	set cacheok 0
+    }
+    if {[incr allcommits -1] == 0} {
+	notbusy allcommits
+	if {$cacheok} {
+	    run savecache
+	}
+    }
+    dispneartags 0
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc recalcarc {a} {
+    global arctags archeads arcids idtags idheads
+
+    set at {}
+    set ah {}
+    foreach id [lrange $arcids($a) 0 end-1] {
+	if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	    lappend at $id
+	}
+	if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
+	    lappend ah $id
+	}
+    }
+    set arctags($a) $at
+    set archeads($a) $ah
+}
+
+proc splitarc {p} {
+    global arcnos arcids nextarc arctags archeads idtags idheads
+    global arcstart arcend arcout allparents growing
+
+    set a $arcnos($p)
+    if {[llength $a] != 1} {
+	puts "oops splitarc called but [llength $a] arcs already"
+	return
+    }
+    set a [lindex $a 0]
+    set i [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $p]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	puts "oops splitarc $p not in arc $a"
+	return
+    }
+    set na [incr nextarc]
+    if {[info exists arcend($a)]} {
+	set arcend($na) $arcend($a)
+    } else {
+	set l [lindex $allparents([lindex $arcids($a) end]) 0]
+	set j [lsearch -exact $arcnos($l) $a]
+	set arcnos($l) [lreplace $arcnos($l) $j $j $na]
+    }
+    set tail [lrange $arcids($a) [expr {$i+1}] end]
+    set arcids($a) [lrange $arcids($a) 0 $i]
+    set arcend($a) $p
+    set arcstart($na) $p
+    set arcout($p) $na
+    set arcids($na) $tail
+    if {[info exists growing($a)]} {
+	set growing($na) 1
+	unset growing($a)
+    }
+
+    foreach id $tail {
+	if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1} {
+	    set arcnos($id) $na
+	} else {
+	    set j [lsearch -exact $arcnos($id) $a]
+	    set arcnos($id) [lreplace $arcnos($id) $j $j $na]
+	}
+    }
+
+    # reconstruct tags and heads lists
+    if {$arctags($a) ne {} || $archeads($a) ne {}} {
+	recalcarc $a
+	recalcarc $na
+    } else {
+	set arctags($na) {}
+	set archeads($na) {}
+    }
+}
+
+# Update things for a new commit added that is a child of one
+# existing commit.  Used when cherry-picking.
+proc addnewchild {id p} {
+    global allparents allchildren idtags nextarc
+    global arcnos arcids arctags arcout arcend arcstart archeads growing
+    global seeds allcommits
+
+    if {![info exists allcommits] || ![info exists arcnos($p)]} return
+    set allparents($id) [list $p]
+    set allchildren($id) {}
+    set arcnos($id) {}
+    lappend seeds $id
+    lappend allchildren($p) $id
+    set a [incr nextarc]
+    set arcstart($a) $id
+    set archeads($a) {}
+    set arctags($a) {}
+    set arcids($a) [list $p]
+    set arcend($a) $p
+    if {![info exists arcout($p)]} {
+	splitarc $p
+    }
+    lappend arcnos($p) $a
+    set arcout($id) [list $a]
+}
+
+# This implements a cache for the topology information.
+# The cache saves, for each arc, the start and end of the arc,
+# the ids on the arc, and the outgoing arcs from the end.
+proc readcache {f} {
+    global arcnos arcids arcout arcstart arcend arctags archeads nextarc
+    global idtags idheads allparents cachedarcs possible_seeds seeds growing
+    global allcwait
+
+    set a $nextarc
+    set lim $cachedarcs
+    if {$lim - $a > 500} {
+	set lim [expr {$a + 500}]
+    }
+    if {[catch {
+	if {$a == $lim} {
+	    # finish reading the cache and setting up arctags, etc.
+	    set line [gets $f]
+	    if {$line ne "1"} {error "bad final version"}
+	    close $f
+	    foreach id [array names idtags] {
+		if {[info exists arcnos($id)] && [llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 &&
+		    [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+		    set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+		    if {$arctags($a) eq {}} {
+			recalcarc $a
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    foreach id [array names idheads] {
+		if {[info exists arcnos($id)] && [llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 &&
+		    [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+		    set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+		    if {$archeads($a) eq {}} {
+			recalcarc $a
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    foreach id [lsort -unique $possible_seeds] {
+		if {$arcnos($id) eq {}} {
+		    lappend seeds $id
+		}
+	    }
+	    set allcwait 0
+	} else {
+	    while {[incr a] <= $lim} {
+		set line [gets $f]
+		if {[llength $line] != 3} {error "bad line"}
+		set s [lindex $line 0]
+		set arcstart($a) $s
+		lappend arcout($s) $a
+		if {![info exists arcnos($s)]} {
+		    lappend possible_seeds $s
+		    set arcnos($s) {}
+		}
+		set e [lindex $line 1]
+		if {$e eq {}} {
+		    set growing($a) 1
+		} else {
+		    set arcend($a) $e
+		    if {![info exists arcout($e)]} {
+			set arcout($e) {}
+		    }
+		}
+		set arcids($a) [lindex $line 2]
+		foreach id $arcids($a) {
+		    lappend allparents($s) $id
+		    set s $id
+		    lappend arcnos($id) $a
+		}
+		if {![info exists allparents($s)]} {
+		    set allparents($s) {}
+		}
+		set arctags($a) {}
+		set archeads($a) {}
+	    }
+	    set nextarc [expr {$a - 1}]
+	}
+    } err]} {
+	dropcache $err
+	return 0
+    }
+    if {!$allcwait} {
+	getallcommits
+    }
+    return $allcwait
+}
+
+proc getcache {f} {
+    global nextarc cachedarcs possible_seeds
+
+    if {[catch {
+	set line [gets $f]
+	if {[llength $line] != 2 || [lindex $line 0] ne "1"} {error "bad version"}
+	# make sure it's an integer
+	set cachedarcs [expr {int([lindex $line 1])}]
+	if {$cachedarcs < 0} {error "bad number of arcs"}
+	set nextarc 0
+	set possible_seeds {}
+	run readcache $f
+    } err]} {
+	dropcache $err
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+proc dropcache {err} {
+    global allcwait nextarc cachedarcs seeds
+
+    #puts "dropping cache ($err)"
+    foreach v {arcnos arcout arcids arcstart arcend growing \
+		   arctags archeads allparents allchildren} {
+	global $v
+	catch {unset $v}
+    }
+    set allcwait 0
+    set nextarc 0
+    set cachedarcs 0
+    set seeds {}
+    getallcommits
+}
+
+proc writecache {f} {
+    global cachearc cachedarcs allccache
+    global arcstart arcend arcnos arcids arcout
+
+    set a $cachearc
+    set lim $cachedarcs
+    if {$lim - $a > 1000} {
+	set lim [expr {$a + 1000}]
+    }
+    if {[catch {
+	while {[incr a] <= $lim} {
+	    if {[info exists arcend($a)]} {
+		puts $f [list $arcstart($a) $arcend($a) $arcids($a)]
+	    } else {
+		puts $f [list $arcstart($a) {} $arcids($a)]
+	    }
+	}
+    } err]} {
+	catch {close $f}
+	catch {file delete $allccache}
+	#puts "writing cache failed ($err)"
+	return 0
+    }
+    set cachearc [expr {$a - 1}]
+    if {$a > $cachedarcs} {
+	puts $f "1"
+	close $f
+	return 0
+    }
+    return 1
+}
+
+proc savecache {} {
+    global nextarc cachedarcs cachearc allccache
+
+    if {$nextarc == $cachedarcs} return
+    set cachearc 0
+    set cachedarcs $nextarc
+    catch {
+	set f [open $allccache w]
+	puts $f [list 1 $cachedarcs]
+	run writecache $f
+    }
+}
+
+# Returns 1 if a is an ancestor of b, -1 if b is an ancestor of a,
+# or 0 if neither is true.
+proc anc_or_desc {a b} {
+    global arcout arcstart arcend arcnos cached_isanc
+
+    if {$arcnos($a) eq $arcnos($b)} {
+	# Both are on the same arc(s); either both are the same BMP,
+	# or if one is not a BMP, the other is also not a BMP or is
+	# the BMP at end of the arc (and it only has 1 incoming arc).
+	# Or both can be BMPs with no incoming arcs.
+	if {$a eq $b || $arcnos($a) eq {}} {
+	    return 0
+	}
+	# assert {[llength $arcnos($a)] == 1}
+	set arc [lindex $arcnos($a) 0]
+	set i [lsearch -exact $arcids($arc) $a]
+	set j [lsearch -exact $arcids($arc) $b]
+	if {$i < 0 || $i > $j} {
+	    return 1
+	} else {
+	    return -1
+	}
+    }
+
+    if {![info exists arcout($a)]} {
+	set arc [lindex $arcnos($a) 0]
+	if {[info exists arcend($arc)]} {
+	    set aend $arcend($arc)
+	} else {
+	    set aend {}
+	}
+	set a $arcstart($arc)
+    } else {
+	set aend $a
+    }
+    if {![info exists arcout($b)]} {
+	set arc [lindex $arcnos($b) 0]
+	if {[info exists arcend($arc)]} {
+	    set bend $arcend($arc)
+	} else {
+	    set bend {}
+	}
+	set b $arcstart($arc)
+    } else {
+	set bend $b
+    }
+    if {$a eq $bend} {
+	return 1
+    }
+    if {$b eq $aend} {
+	return -1
+    }
+    if {[info exists cached_isanc($a,$bend)]} {
+	if {$cached_isanc($a,$bend)} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists cached_isanc($b,$aend)]} {
+	if {$cached_isanc($b,$aend)} {
+	    return -1
+	}
+	if {[info exists cached_isanc($a,$bend)]} {
+	    return 0
+	}
+    }
+
+    set todo [list $a $b]
+    set anc($a) a
+    set anc($b) b
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
+	set x [lindex $todo $i]
+	if {$anc($x) eq {}} {
+	    continue
+	}
+	foreach arc $arcnos($x) {
+	    set xd $arcstart($arc)
+	    if {$xd eq $bend} {
+		set cached_isanc($a,$bend) 1
+		set cached_isanc($b,$aend) 0
+		return 1
+	    } elseif {$xd eq $aend} {
+		set cached_isanc($b,$aend) 1
+		set cached_isanc($a,$bend) 0
+		return -1
+	    }
+	    if {![info exists anc($xd)]} {
+		set anc($xd) $anc($x)
+		lappend todo $xd
+	    } elseif {$anc($xd) ne $anc($x)} {
+		set anc($xd) {}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set cached_isanc($a,$bend) 0
+    set cached_isanc($b,$aend) 0
+    return 0
+}
+
+# This identifies whether $desc has an ancestor that is
+# a growing tip of the graph and which is not an ancestor of $anc
+# and returns 0 if so and 1 if not.
+# If we subsequently discover a tag on such a growing tip, and that
+# turns out to be a descendent of $anc (which it could, since we
+# don't necessarily see children before parents), then $desc
+# isn't a good choice to display as a descendent tag of
+# $anc (since it is the descendent of another tag which is
+# a descendent of $anc).  Similarly, $anc isn't a good choice to
+# display as a ancestor tag of $desc.
+#
+proc is_certain {desc anc} {
+    global arcnos arcout arcstart arcend growing problems
+
+    set certain {}
+    if {[llength $arcnos($anc)] == 1} {
+	# tags on the same arc are certain
+	if {$arcnos($desc) eq $arcnos($anc)} {
+	    return 1
+	}
+	if {![info exists arcout($anc)]} {
+	    # if $anc is partway along an arc, use the start of the arc instead
+	    set a [lindex $arcnos($anc) 0]
+	    set anc $arcstart($a)
+	}
+    }
+    if {[llength $arcnos($desc)] > 1 || [info exists arcout($desc)]} {
+	set x $desc
+    } else {
+	set a [lindex $arcnos($desc) 0]
+	set x $arcend($a)
+    }
+    if {$x == $anc} {
+	return 1
+    }
+    set anclist [list $x]
+    set dl($x) 1
+    set nnh 1
+    set ngrowanc 0
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $anclist] && ($nnh > 0 || $ngrowanc > 0)} {incr i} {
+	set x [lindex $anclist $i]
+	if {$dl($x)} {
+	    incr nnh -1
+	}
+	set done($x) 1
+	foreach a $arcout($x) {
+	    if {[info exists growing($a)]} {
+		if {![info exists growanc($x)] && $dl($x)} {
+		    set growanc($x) 1
+		    incr ngrowanc
+		}
+	    } else {
+		set y $arcend($a)
+		if {[info exists dl($y)]} {
+		    if {$dl($y)} {
+			if {!$dl($x)} {
+			    set dl($y) 0
+			    if {![info exists done($y)]} {
+				incr nnh -1
+			    }
+			    if {[info exists growanc($x)]} {
+				incr ngrowanc -1
+			    }
+			    set xl [list $y]
+			    for {set k 0} {$k < [llength $xl]} {incr k} {
+				set z [lindex $xl $k]
+				foreach c $arcout($z) {
+				    if {[info exists arcend($c)]} {
+					set v $arcend($c)
+					if {[info exists dl($v)] && $dl($v)} {
+					    set dl($v) 0
+					    if {![info exists done($v)]} {
+						incr nnh -1
+					    }
+					    if {[info exists growanc($v)]} {
+						incr ngrowanc -1
+					    }
+					    lappend xl $v
+					}
+				    }
+				}
+			    }
+			}
+		    }
+		} elseif {$y eq $anc || !$dl($x)} {
+		    set dl($y) 0
+		    lappend anclist $y
+		} else {
+		    set dl($y) 1
+		    lappend anclist $y
+		    incr nnh
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    foreach x [array names growanc] {
+	if {$dl($x)} {
+	    return 0
+	}
+	return 0
+    }
+    return 1
+}
+
+proc validate_arctags {a} {
+    global arctags idtags
+
+    set i -1
+    set na $arctags($a)
+    foreach id $arctags($a) {
+	incr i
+	if {![info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	    set na [lreplace $na $i $i]
+	    incr i -1
+	}
+    }
+    set arctags($a) $na
+}
+
+proc validate_archeads {a} {
+    global archeads idheads
+
+    set i -1
+    set na $archeads($a)
+    foreach id $archeads($a) {
+	incr i
+	if {![info exists idheads($id)]} {
+	    set na [lreplace $na $i $i]
+	    incr i -1
+	}
+    }
+    set archeads($a) $na
+}
+
+# Return the list of IDs that have tags that are descendents of id,
+# ignoring IDs that are descendents of IDs already reported.
+proc desctags {id} {
+    global arcnos arcstart arcids arctags idtags allparents
+    global growing cached_dtags
+
+    if {![info exists allparents($id)]} {
+	return {}
+    }
+    set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set argid $id
+    if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 && [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+	# part-way along an arc; check that arc first
+	set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+	if {$arctags($a) ne {}} {
+	    validate_arctags $a
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $id]
+	    set tid {}
+	    foreach t $arctags($a) {
+		set j [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $t]
+		if {$j >= $i} break
+		set tid $t
+	    }
+	    if {$tid ne {}} {
+		return $tid
+	    }
+	}
+	set id $arcstart($a)
+	if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	    return $id
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists cached_dtags($id)]} {
+	return $cached_dtags($id)
+    }
+
+    set origid $id
+    set todo [list $id]
+    set queued($id) 1
+    set nc 1
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo] && $nc > 0} {incr i} {
+	set id [lindex $todo $i]
+	set done($id) 1
+	set ta [info exists hastaggedancestor($id)]
+	if {!$ta} {
+	    incr nc -1
+	}
+	# ignore tags on starting node
+	if {!$ta && $i > 0} {
+	    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+		set tagloc($id) $id
+		set ta 1
+	    } elseif {[info exists cached_dtags($id)]} {
+		set tagloc($id) $cached_dtags($id)
+		set ta 1
+	    }
+	}
+	foreach a $arcnos($id) {
+	    set d $arcstart($a)
+	    if {!$ta && $arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		validate_arctags $a
+		if {$arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		    lappend tagloc($id) [lindex $arctags($a) end]
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {$ta || $arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		set tomark [list $d]
+		for {set j 0} {$j < [llength $tomark]} {incr j} {
+		    set dd [lindex $tomark $j]
+		    if {![info exists hastaggedancestor($dd)]} {
+			if {[info exists done($dd)]} {
+			    foreach b $arcnos($dd) {
+				lappend tomark $arcstart($b)
+			    }
+			    if {[info exists tagloc($dd)]} {
+				unset tagloc($dd)
+			    }
+			} elseif {[info exists queued($dd)]} {
+			    incr nc -1
+			}
+			set hastaggedancestor($dd) 1
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {![info exists queued($d)]} {
+		lappend todo $d
+		set queued($d) 1
+		if {![info exists hastaggedancestor($d)]} {
+		    incr nc
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set tags {}
+    foreach id [array names tagloc] {
+	if {![info exists hastaggedancestor($id)]} {
+	    foreach t $tagloc($id) {
+		if {[lsearch -exact $tags $t] < 0} {
+		    lappend tags $t
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set t2 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set loopix $i
+
+    # remove tags that are descendents of other tags
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $tags]} {incr i} {
+	set a [lindex $tags $i]
+	for {set j 0} {$j < $i} {incr j} {
+	    set b [lindex $tags $j]
+	    set r [anc_or_desc $a $b]
+	    if {$r == 1} {
+		set tags [lreplace $tags $j $j]
+		incr j -1
+		incr i -1
+	    } elseif {$r == -1} {
+		set tags [lreplace $tags $i $i]
+		incr i -1
+		break
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    if {[array names growing] ne {}} {
+	# graph isn't finished, need to check if any tag could get
+	# eclipsed by another tag coming later.  Simply ignore any
+	# tags that could later get eclipsed.
+	set ctags {}
+	foreach t $tags {
+	    if {[is_certain $t $origid]} {
+		lappend ctags $t
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$tags eq $ctags} {
+	    set cached_dtags($origid) $tags
+	} else {
+	    set tags $ctags
+	}
+    } else {
+	set cached_dtags($origid) $tags
+    }
+    set t3 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    if {0 && $t3 - $t1 >= 100} {
+	puts "iterating descendents ($loopix/[llength $todo] nodes) took\
+    	    [expr {$t2-$t1}]+[expr {$t3-$t2}]ms, $nc candidates left"
+    }
+    return $tags
+}
+
+proc anctags {id} {
+    global arcnos arcids arcout arcend arctags idtags allparents
+    global growing cached_atags
+
+    if {![info exists allparents($id)]} {
+	return {}
+    }
+    set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set argid $id
+    if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 && [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+	# part-way along an arc; check that arc first
+	set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+	if {$arctags($a) ne {}} {
+	    validate_arctags $a
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $id]
+	    foreach t $arctags($a) {
+		set j [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $t]
+		if {$j > $i} {
+		    return $t
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if {![info exists arcend($a)]} {
+	    return {}
+	}
+	set id $arcend($a)
+	if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	    return $id
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists cached_atags($id)]} {
+	return $cached_atags($id)
+    }
+
+    set origid $id
+    set todo [list $id]
+    set queued($id) 1
+    set taglist {}
+    set nc 1
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo] && $nc > 0} {incr i} {
+	set id [lindex $todo $i]
+	set done($id) 1
+	set td [info exists hastaggeddescendent($id)]
+	if {!$td} {
+	    incr nc -1
+	}
+	# ignore tags on starting node
+	if {!$td && $i > 0} {
+	    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+		set tagloc($id) $id
+		set td 1
+	    } elseif {[info exists cached_atags($id)]} {
+		set tagloc($id) $cached_atags($id)
+		set td 1
+	    }
+	}
+	foreach a $arcout($id) {
+	    if {!$td && $arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		validate_arctags $a
+		if {$arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		    lappend tagloc($id) [lindex $arctags($a) 0]
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {![info exists arcend($a)]} continue
+	    set d $arcend($a)
+	    if {$td || $arctags($a) ne {}} {
+		set tomark [list $d]
+		for {set j 0} {$j < [llength $tomark]} {incr j} {
+		    set dd [lindex $tomark $j]
+		    if {![info exists hastaggeddescendent($dd)]} {
+			if {[info exists done($dd)]} {
+			    foreach b $arcout($dd) {
+				if {[info exists arcend($b)]} {
+				    lappend tomark $arcend($b)
+				}
+			    }
+			    if {[info exists tagloc($dd)]} {
+				unset tagloc($dd)
+			    }
+			} elseif {[info exists queued($dd)]} {
+			    incr nc -1
+			}
+			set hastaggeddescendent($dd) 1
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    if {![info exists queued($d)]} {
+		lappend todo $d
+		set queued($d) 1
+		if {![info exists hastaggeddescendent($d)]} {
+		    incr nc
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set t2 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set loopix $i
+    set tags {}
+    foreach id [array names tagloc] {
+	if {![info exists hastaggeddescendent($id)]} {
+	    foreach t $tagloc($id) {
+		if {[lsearch -exact $tags $t] < 0} {
+		    lappend tags $t
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    # remove tags that are ancestors of other tags
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $tags]} {incr i} {
+	set a [lindex $tags $i]
+	for {set j 0} {$j < $i} {incr j} {
+	    set b [lindex $tags $j]
+	    set r [anc_or_desc $a $b]
+	    if {$r == -1} {
+		set tags [lreplace $tags $j $j]
+		incr j -1
+		incr i -1
+	    } elseif {$r == 1} {
+		set tags [lreplace $tags $i $i]
+		incr i -1
+		break
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    if {[array names growing] ne {}} {
+	# graph isn't finished, need to check if any tag could get
+	# eclipsed by another tag coming later.  Simply ignore any
+	# tags that could later get eclipsed.
+	set ctags {}
+	foreach t $tags {
+	    if {[is_certain $origid $t]} {
+		lappend ctags $t
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$tags eq $ctags} {
+	    set cached_atags($origid) $tags
+	} else {
+	    set tags $ctags
+	}
+    } else {
+	set cached_atags($origid) $tags
+    }
+    set t3 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    if {0 && $t3 - $t1 >= 100} {
+	puts "iterating ancestors ($loopix/[llength $todo] nodes) took\
+    	    [expr {$t2-$t1}]+[expr {$t3-$t2}]ms, $nc candidates left"
+    }
+    return $tags
+}
+
+# Return the list of IDs that have heads that are descendents of id,
+# including id itself if it has a head.
+proc descheads {id} {
+    global arcnos arcstart arcids archeads idheads cached_dheads
+    global allparents
+
+    if {![info exists allparents($id)]} {
+	return {}
+    }
+    set aret {}
+    if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 && [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+	# part-way along an arc; check it first
+	set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+	if {$archeads($a) ne {}} {
+	    validate_archeads $a
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $id]
+	    foreach t $archeads($a) {
+		set j [lsearch -exact $arcids($a) $t]
+		if {$j > $i} break
+		lappend aret $t
+	    }
+	}
+	set id $arcstart($a)
+    }
+    set origid $id
+    set todo [list $id]
+    set seen($id) 1
+    set ret {}
+    for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $todo]} {incr i} {
+	set id [lindex $todo $i]
+	if {[info exists cached_dheads($id)]} {
+	    set ret [concat $ret $cached_dheads($id)]
+	} else {
+	    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
+		lappend ret $id
+	    }
+	    foreach a $arcnos($id) {
+		if {$archeads($a) ne {}} {
+		    validate_archeads $a
+		    if {$archeads($a) ne {}} {
+			set ret [concat $ret $archeads($a)]
+		    }
+		}
+		set d $arcstart($a)
+		if {![info exists seen($d)]} {
+		    lappend todo $d
+		    set seen($d) 1
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    set ret [lsort -unique $ret]
+    set cached_dheads($origid) $ret
+    return [concat $ret $aret]
+}
+
+proc addedtag {id} {
+    global arcnos arcout cached_dtags cached_atags
+
+    if {![info exists arcnos($id)]} return
+    if {![info exists arcout($id)]} {
+	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+    }
+    catch {unset cached_dtags}
+    catch {unset cached_atags}
+}
+
+proc addedhead {hid head} {
+    global arcnos arcout cached_dheads
+
+    if {![info exists arcnos($hid)]} return
+    if {![info exists arcout($hid)]} {
+	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($hid) 0]
+    }
+    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+}
+
+proc removedhead {hid head} {
+    global cached_dheads
+
+    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+}
+
+proc movedhead {hid head} {
+    global arcnos arcout cached_dheads
+
+    if {![info exists arcnos($hid)]} return
+    if {![info exists arcout($hid)]} {
+	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($hid) 0]
+    }
+    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+}
+
+proc changedrefs {} {
+    global cached_dheads cached_dtags cached_atags
+    global arctags archeads arcnos arcout idheads idtags
+
+    foreach id [concat [array names idheads] [array names idtags]] {
+	if {[info exists arcnos($id)] && ![info exists arcout($id)]} {
+	    set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
+	    if {![info exists donearc($a)]} {
+		recalcarc $a
+		set donearc($a) 1
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    catch {unset cached_dtags}
+    catch {unset cached_atags}
+    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+}
+
+proc rereadrefs {} {
+    global idtags idheads idotherrefs mainheadid
+
+    set refids [concat [array names idtags] \
+		    [array names idheads] [array names idotherrefs]]
+    foreach id $refids {
+	if {![info exists ref($id)]} {
+	    set ref($id) [listrefs $id]
+	}
+    }
+    set oldmainhead $mainheadid
+    readrefs
+    changedrefs
+    set refids [lsort -unique [concat $refids [array names idtags] \
+			[array names idheads] [array names idotherrefs]]]
+    foreach id $refids {
+	set v [listrefs $id]
+	if {![info exists ref($id)] || $ref($id) != $v} {
+	    redrawtags $id
+	}
+    }
+    if {$oldmainhead ne $mainheadid} {
+	redrawtags $oldmainhead
+	redrawtags $mainheadid
+    }
+    run refill_reflist
+}
+
+proc listrefs {id} {
+    global idtags idheads idotherrefs
+
+    set x {}
+    if {[info exists idtags($id)]} {
+	set x $idtags($id)
+    }
+    set y {}
+    if {[info exists idheads($id)]} {
+	set y $idheads($id)
+    }
+    set z {}
+    if {[info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
+	set z $idotherrefs($id)
+    }
+    return [list $x $y $z]
+}
+
+proc showtag {tag isnew} {
+    global ctext tagcontents tagids linknum tagobjid
+
+    if {$isnew} {
+	addtohistory [list showtag $tag 0]
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    settabs 0
+    set linknum 0
+    if {![info exists tagcontents($tag)]} {
+	catch {
+	    set tagcontents($tag) [exec git cat-file tag $tagobjid($tag)]
+	}
+    }
+    if {[info exists tagcontents($tag)]} {
+	set text $tagcontents($tag)
+    } else {
+	set text "[mc "Tag"]: $tag\n[mc "Id"]:  $tagids($tag)"
+    }
+    appendwithlinks $text {}
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+    init_flist {}
+}
+
+proc doquit {} {
+    global stopped
+    global gitktmpdir
+
+    set stopped 100
+    savestuff .
+    destroy .
+
+    if {[info exists gitktmpdir]} {
+	catch {file delete -force $gitktmpdir}
+    }
+}
+
+proc mkfontdisp {font top which} {
+    global fontattr fontpref $font
+
+    set fontpref($font) [set $font]
+    button $top.${font}but -text $which -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosefont $font $which]
+    label $top.$font -relief flat -font $font \
+	-text $fontattr($font,family) -justify left
+    grid x $top.${font}but $top.$font -sticky w
+}
+
+proc choosefont {font which} {
+    global fontparam fontlist fonttop fontattr
+    global prefstop
+
+    set fontparam(which) $which
+    set fontparam(font) $font
+    set fontparam(family) [font actual $font -family]
+    set fontparam(size) $fontattr($font,size)
+    set fontparam(weight) $fontattr($font,weight)
+    set fontparam(slant) $fontattr($font,slant)
+    set top .gitkfont
+    set fonttop $top
+    if {![winfo exists $top]} {
+	font create sample
+	eval font config sample [font actual $font]
+	toplevel $top
+	make_transient $top $prefstop
+	wm title $top [mc "Gitk font chooser"]
+	label $top.l -textvariable fontparam(which)
+	pack $top.l -side top
+	set fontlist [lsort [font families]]
+	frame $top.f
+	listbox $top.f.fam -listvariable fontlist \
+	    -yscrollcommand [list $top.f.sb set]
+	bind $top.f.fam <<ListboxSelect>> selfontfam
+	scrollbar $top.f.sb -command [list $top.f.fam yview]
+	pack $top.f.sb -side right -fill y
+	pack $top.f.fam -side left -fill both -expand 1
+	pack $top.f -side top -fill both -expand 1
+	frame $top.g
+	spinbox $top.g.size -from 4 -to 40 -width 4 \
+	    -textvariable fontparam(size) \
+	    -validatecommand {string is integer -strict %s}
+	checkbutton $top.g.bold -padx 5 \
+	    -font {{Times New Roman} 12 bold} -text [mc "B"] -indicatoron 0 \
+	    -variable fontparam(weight) -onvalue bold -offvalue normal
+	checkbutton $top.g.ital -padx 5 \
+	    -font {{Times New Roman} 12 italic} -text [mc "I"] -indicatoron 0  \
+	    -variable fontparam(slant) -onvalue italic -offvalue roman
+	pack $top.g.size $top.g.bold $top.g.ital -side left
+	pack $top.g -side top
+	canvas $top.c -width 150 -height 50 -border 2 -relief sunk \
+	    -background white
+	$top.c create text 100 25 -anchor center -text $which -font sample \
+	    -fill black -tags text
+	bind $top.c <Configure> [list centertext $top.c]
+	pack $top.c -side top -fill x
+	frame $top.buts
+	button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command fontok -default active
+	button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command fontcan -default normal
+	bind $top <Key-Return> fontok
+	bind $top <Key-Escape> fontcan
+	grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
+	grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+	grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+	pack $top.buts -side bottom -fill x
+	trace add variable fontparam write chg_fontparam
+    } else {
+	raise $top
+	$top.c itemconf text -text $which
+    }
+    set i [lsearch -exact $fontlist $fontparam(family)]
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	$top.f.fam selection set $i
+	$top.f.fam see $i
+    }
+}
+
+proc centertext {w} {
+    $w coords text [expr {[winfo width $w] / 2}] [expr {[winfo height $w] / 2}]
+}
+
+proc fontok {} {
+    global fontparam fontpref prefstop
+
+    set f $fontparam(font)
+    set fontpref($f) [list $fontparam(family) $fontparam(size)]
+    if {$fontparam(weight) eq "bold"} {
+	lappend fontpref($f) "bold"
+    }
+    if {$fontparam(slant) eq "italic"} {
+	lappend fontpref($f) "italic"
+    }
+    set w $prefstop.$f
+    $w conf -text $fontparam(family) -font $fontpref($f)
+	
+    fontcan
+}
+
+proc fontcan {} {
+    global fonttop fontparam
+
+    if {[info exists fonttop]} {
+	catch {destroy $fonttop}
+	catch {font delete sample}
+	unset fonttop
+	unset fontparam
+    }
+}
+
+proc selfontfam {} {
+    global fonttop fontparam
+
+    set i [$fonttop.f.fam curselection]
+    if {$i ne {}} {
+	set fontparam(family) [$fonttop.f.fam get $i]
+    }
+}
+
+proc chg_fontparam {v sub op} {
+    global fontparam
+
+    font config sample -$sub $fontparam($sub)
+}
+
+proc doprefs {} {
+    global maxwidth maxgraphpct
+    global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
+    global bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors selectbgcolor markbgcolor
+    global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs
+
+    set top .gitkprefs
+    set prefstop $top
+    if {[winfo exists $top]} {
+	raise $top
+	return
+    }
+    foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges \
+		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs} {
+	set oldprefs($v) [set $v]
+    }
+    toplevel $top
+    wm title $top [mc "Gitk preferences"]
+    make_transient $top .
+    label $top.ldisp -text [mc "Commit list display options"]
+    grid $top.ldisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $top.spacer -text " "
+    label $top.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"] \
+	-font optionfont
+    spinbox $top.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
+    grid $top.spacer $top.maxwidthl $top.maxwidth -sticky w
+    label $top.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"] \
+	-font optionfont
+    spinbox $top.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
+    grid x $top.maxpctl $top.maxpct -sticky w
+    checkbutton $top.showlocal -text [mc "Show local changes"] \
+	-font optionfont -variable showlocalchanges
+    grid x $top.showlocal -sticky w
+    checkbutton $top.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1"] \
+	-font optionfont -variable autoselect
+    grid x $top.autoselect -sticky w
+
+    label $top.ddisp -text [mc "Diff display options"]
+    grid $top.ddisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $top.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"] -font optionfont
+    spinbox $top.tabstop -from 1 -to 20 -width 4 -textvariable tabstop
+    grid x $top.tabstopl $top.tabstop -sticky w
+    checkbutton $top.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags"] \
+	-font optionfont -variable showneartags
+    grid x $top.ntag -sticky w
+    checkbutton $top.ldiff -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] \
+	-font optionfont -variable limitdiffs
+    grid x $top.ldiff -sticky w
+    checkbutton $top.lattr -text [mc "Support per-file encodings"] \
+	-font optionfont -variable perfile_attrs
+    grid x $top.lattr -sticky w
+
+    entry $top.extdifft -textvariable extdifftool
+    frame $top.extdifff
+    label $top.extdifff.l -text [mc "External diff tool" ] -font optionfont \
+	-padx 10
+    button $top.extdifff.b -text [mc "Choose..."] -font optionfont \
+	-command choose_extdiff
+    pack $top.extdifff.l $top.extdifff.b -side left
+    grid x $top.extdifff $top.extdifft -sticky w
+
+    label $top.cdisp -text [mc "Colors: press to choose"]
+    grid $top.cdisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $top.bg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $bgcolor
+    button $top.bgbut -text [mc "Background"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor {} $top.bg [mc "background"] setbg]
+    grid x $top.bgbut $top.bg -sticky w
+    label $top.fg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $fgcolor
+    button $top.fgbut -text [mc "Foreground"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor {} $top.fg [mc "foreground"] setfg]
+    grid x $top.fgbut $top.fg -sticky w
+    label $top.diffold -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 0]
+    button $top.diffoldbut -text [mc "Diff: old lines"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $top.diffold [mc "diff old lines"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf d0 -foreground]]
+    grid x $top.diffoldbut $top.diffold -sticky w
+    label $top.diffnew -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 1]
+    button $top.diffnewbut -text [mc "Diff: new lines"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $top.diffnew [mc "diff new lines"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf dresult -foreground]]
+    grid x $top.diffnewbut $top.diffnew -sticky w
+    label $top.hunksep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 2]
+    button $top.hunksepbut -text [mc "Diff: hunk header"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 2 $top.hunksep \
+		      [mc "diff hunk header"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf hunksep -foreground]]
+    grid x $top.hunksepbut $top.hunksep -sticky w
+    label $top.markbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $markbgcolor
+    button $top.markbgbut -text [mc "Marked line bg"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor markbgcolor {} $top.markbgsep \
+		      [mc "marked line background"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf omark -background]]
+    grid x $top.markbgbut $top.markbgsep -sticky w
+    label $top.selbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $selectbgcolor
+    button $top.selbgbut -text [mc "Select bg"] -font optionfont \
+	-command [list choosecolor selectbgcolor {} $top.selbgsep [mc "background"] setselbg]
+    grid x $top.selbgbut $top.selbgsep -sticky w
+
+    label $top.cfont -text [mc "Fonts: press to choose"]
+    grid $top.cfont - -sticky w -pady 10
+    mkfontdisp mainfont $top [mc "Main font"]
+    mkfontdisp textfont $top [mc "Diff display font"]
+    mkfontdisp uifont $top [mc "User interface font"]
+
+    frame $top.buts
+    button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command prefsok -default active
+    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command prefscan -default normal
+    bind $top <Key-Return> prefsok
+    bind $top <Key-Escape> prefscan
+    grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
+    grid $top.buts - - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    bind $top <Visibility> "focus $top.buts.ok"
+}
+
+proc choose_extdiff {} {
+    global extdifftool
+
+    set prog [tk_getOpenFile -title [mc "External diff tool"] -multiple false]
+    if {$prog ne {}} {
+	set extdifftool $prog
+    }
+}
+
+proc choosecolor {v vi w x cmd} {
+    global $v
+
+    set c [tk_chooseColor -initialcolor [lindex [set $v] $vi] \
+	       -title [mc "Gitk: choose color for %s" $x]]
+    if {$c eq {}} return
+    $w conf -background $c
+    lset $v $vi $c
+    eval $cmd $c
+}
+
+proc setselbg {c} {
+    global bglist cflist
+    foreach w $bglist {
+	$w configure -selectbackground $c
+    }
+    $cflist tag configure highlight \
+	-background [$cflist cget -selectbackground]
+    allcanvs itemconf secsel -fill $c
+}
+
+proc setbg {c} {
+    global bglist
+
+    foreach w $bglist {
+	$w conf -background $c
+    }
+}
+
+proc setfg {c} {
+    global fglist canv
+
+    foreach w $fglist {
+	$w conf -foreground $c
+    }
+    allcanvs itemconf text -fill $c
+    $canv itemconf circle -outline $c
+    $canv itemconf markid -outline $c
+}
+
+proc prefscan {} {
+    global oldprefs prefstop
+
+    foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges \
+		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs} {
+	global $v
+	set $v $oldprefs($v)
+    }
+    catch {destroy $prefstop}
+    unset prefstop
+    fontcan
+}
+
+proc prefsok {} {
+    global maxwidth maxgraphpct
+    global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
+    global fontpref mainfont textfont uifont
+    global limitdiffs treediffs perfile_attrs
+
+    catch {destroy $prefstop}
+    unset prefstop
+    fontcan
+    set fontchanged 0
+    if {$mainfont ne $fontpref(mainfont)} {
+	set mainfont $fontpref(mainfont)
+	parsefont mainfont $mainfont
+	eval font configure mainfont [fontflags mainfont]
+	eval font configure mainfontbold [fontflags mainfont 1]
+	setcoords
+	set fontchanged 1
+    }
+    if {$textfont ne $fontpref(textfont)} {
+	set textfont $fontpref(textfont)
+	parsefont textfont $textfont
+	eval font configure textfont [fontflags textfont]
+	eval font configure textfontbold [fontflags textfont 1]
+    }
+    if {$uifont ne $fontpref(uifont)} {
+	set uifont $fontpref(uifont)
+	parsefont uifont $uifont
+	eval font configure uifont [fontflags uifont]
+    }
+    settabs
+    if {$showlocalchanges != $oldprefs(showlocalchanges)} {
+	if {$showlocalchanges} {
+	    doshowlocalchanges
+	} else {
+	    dohidelocalchanges
+	}
+    }
+    if {$limitdiffs != $oldprefs(limitdiffs) ||
+	($perfile_attrs && !$oldprefs(perfile_attrs))} {
+	# treediffs elements are limited by path;
+	# won't have encodings cached if perfile_attrs was just turned on
+	catch {unset treediffs}
+    }
+    if {$fontchanged || $maxwidth != $oldprefs(maxwidth)
+	|| $maxgraphpct != $oldprefs(maxgraphpct)} {
+	redisplay
+    } elseif {$showneartags != $oldprefs(showneartags) ||
+	  $limitdiffs != $oldprefs(limitdiffs)} {
+	reselectline
+    }
+}
+
+proc formatdate {d} {
+    global datetimeformat
+    if {$d ne {}} {
+	set d [clock format $d -format $datetimeformat]
+    }
+    return $d
+}
+
+# This list of encoding names and aliases is distilled from
+# http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets.
+# Not all of them are supported by Tcl.
+set encoding_aliases {
+    { ANSI_X3.4-1968 iso-ir-6 ANSI_X3.4-1986 ISO_646.irv:1991 ASCII
+      ISO646-US US-ASCII us IBM367 cp367 csASCII }
+    { ISO-10646-UTF-1 csISO10646UTF1 }
+    { ISO_646.basic:1983 ref csISO646basic1983 }
+    { INVARIANT csINVARIANT }
+    { ISO_646.irv:1983 iso-ir-2 irv csISO2IntlRefVersion }
+    { BS_4730 iso-ir-4 ISO646-GB gb uk csISO4UnitedKingdom }
+    { NATS-SEFI iso-ir-8-1 csNATSSEFI }
+    { NATS-SEFI-ADD iso-ir-8-2 csNATSSEFIADD }
+    { NATS-DANO iso-ir-9-1 csNATSDANO }
+    { NATS-DANO-ADD iso-ir-9-2 csNATSDANOADD }
+    { SEN_850200_B iso-ir-10 FI ISO646-FI ISO646-SE se csISO10Swedish }
+    { SEN_850200_C iso-ir-11 ISO646-SE2 se2 csISO11SwedishForNames }
+    { KS_C_5601-1987 iso-ir-149 KS_C_5601-1989 KSC_5601 korean csKSC56011987 }
+    { ISO-2022-KR csISO2022KR }
+    { EUC-KR csEUCKR }
+    { ISO-2022-JP csISO2022JP }
+    { ISO-2022-JP-2 csISO2022JP2 }
+    { JIS_C6220-1969-jp JIS_C6220-1969 iso-ir-13 katakana x0201-7
+      csISO13JISC6220jp }
+    { JIS_C6220-1969-ro iso-ir-14 jp ISO646-JP csISO14JISC6220ro }
+    { IT iso-ir-15 ISO646-IT csISO15Italian }
+    { PT iso-ir-16 ISO646-PT csISO16Portuguese }
+    { ES iso-ir-17 ISO646-ES csISO17Spanish }
+    { greek7-old iso-ir-18 csISO18Greek7Old }
+    { latin-greek iso-ir-19 csISO19LatinGreek }
+    { DIN_66003 iso-ir-21 de ISO646-DE csISO21German }
+    { NF_Z_62-010_(1973) iso-ir-25 ISO646-FR1 csISO25French }
+    { Latin-greek-1 iso-ir-27 csISO27LatinGreek1 }
+    { ISO_5427 iso-ir-37 csISO5427Cyrillic }
+    { JIS_C6226-1978 iso-ir-42 csISO42JISC62261978 }
+    { BS_viewdata iso-ir-47 csISO47BSViewdata }
+    { INIS iso-ir-49 csISO49INIS }
+    { INIS-8 iso-ir-50 csISO50INIS8 }
+    { INIS-cyrillic iso-ir-51 csISO51INISCyrillic }
+    { ISO_5427:1981 iso-ir-54 ISO5427Cyrillic1981 }
+    { ISO_5428:1980 iso-ir-55 csISO5428Greek }
+    { GB_1988-80 iso-ir-57 cn ISO646-CN csISO57GB1988 }
+    { GB_2312-80 iso-ir-58 chinese csISO58GB231280 }
+    { NS_4551-1 iso-ir-60 ISO646-NO no csISO60DanishNorwegian
+      csISO60Norwegian1 }
+    { NS_4551-2 ISO646-NO2 iso-ir-61 no2 csISO61Norwegian2 }
+    { NF_Z_62-010 iso-ir-69 ISO646-FR fr csISO69French }
+    { videotex-suppl iso-ir-70 csISO70VideotexSupp1 }
+    { PT2 iso-ir-84 ISO646-PT2 csISO84Portuguese2 }
+    { ES2 iso-ir-85 ISO646-ES2 csISO85Spanish2 }
+    { MSZ_7795.3 iso-ir-86 ISO646-HU hu csISO86Hungarian }
+    { JIS_C6226-1983 iso-ir-87 x0208 JIS_X0208-1983 csISO87JISX0208 }
+    { greek7 iso-ir-88 csISO88Greek7 }
+    { ASMO_449 ISO_9036 arabic7 iso-ir-89 csISO89ASMO449 }
+    { iso-ir-90 csISO90 }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-a iso-ir-91 jp-ocr-a csISO91JISC62291984a }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-b iso-ir-92 ISO646-JP-OCR-B jp-ocr-b
+      csISO92JISC62991984b }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-b-add iso-ir-93 jp-ocr-b-add csISO93JIS62291984badd }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand iso-ir-94 jp-ocr-hand csISO94JIS62291984hand }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-hand-add iso-ir-95 jp-ocr-hand-add
+      csISO95JIS62291984handadd }
+    { JIS_C6229-1984-kana iso-ir-96 csISO96JISC62291984kana }
+    { ISO_2033-1983 iso-ir-98 e13b csISO2033 }
+    { ANSI_X3.110-1983 iso-ir-99 CSA_T500-1983 NAPLPS csISO99NAPLPS }
+    { ISO_8859-1:1987 iso-ir-100 ISO_8859-1 ISO-8859-1 latin1 l1 IBM819
+      CP819 csISOLatin1 }
+    { ISO_8859-2:1987 iso-ir-101 ISO_8859-2 ISO-8859-2 latin2 l2 csISOLatin2 }
+    { T.61-7bit iso-ir-102 csISO102T617bit }
+    { T.61-8bit T.61 iso-ir-103 csISO103T618bit }
+    { ISO_8859-3:1988 iso-ir-109 ISO_8859-3 ISO-8859-3 latin3 l3 csISOLatin3 }
+    { ISO_8859-4:1988 iso-ir-110 ISO_8859-4 ISO-8859-4 latin4 l4 csISOLatin4 }
+    { ECMA-cyrillic iso-ir-111 KOI8-E csISO111ECMACyrillic }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-1 iso-ir-121 ISO646-CA csa7-1 ca csISO121Canadian1 }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-2 iso-ir-122 ISO646-CA2 csa7-2 csISO122Canadian2 }
+    { CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr iso-ir-123 csISO123CSAZ24341985gr }
+    { ISO_8859-6:1987 iso-ir-127 ISO_8859-6 ISO-8859-6 ECMA-114 ASMO-708
+      arabic csISOLatinArabic }
+    { ISO_8859-6-E csISO88596E ISO-8859-6-E }
+    { ISO_8859-6-I csISO88596I ISO-8859-6-I }
+    { ISO_8859-7:1987 iso-ir-126 ISO_8859-7 ISO-8859-7 ELOT_928 ECMA-118
+      greek greek8 csISOLatinGreek }
+    { T.101-G2 iso-ir-128 csISO128T101G2 }
+    { ISO_8859-8:1988 iso-ir-138 ISO_8859-8 ISO-8859-8 hebrew
+      csISOLatinHebrew }
+    { ISO_8859-8-E csISO88598E ISO-8859-8-E }
+    { ISO_8859-8-I csISO88598I ISO-8859-8-I }
+    { CSN_369103 iso-ir-139 csISO139CSN369103 }
+    { JUS_I.B1.002 iso-ir-141 ISO646-YU js yu csISO141JUSIB1002 }
+    { ISO_6937-2-add iso-ir-142 csISOTextComm }
+    { IEC_P27-1 iso-ir-143 csISO143IECP271 }
+    { ISO_8859-5:1988 iso-ir-144 ISO_8859-5 ISO-8859-5 cyrillic
+      csISOLatinCyrillic }
+    { JUS_I.B1.003-serb iso-ir-146 serbian csISO146Serbian }
+    { JUS_I.B1.003-mac macedonian iso-ir-147 csISO147Macedonian }
+    { ISO_8859-9:1989 iso-ir-148 ISO_8859-9 ISO-8859-9 latin5 l5 csISOLatin5 }
+    { greek-ccitt iso-ir-150 csISO150 csISO150GreekCCITT }
+    { NC_NC00-10:81 cuba iso-ir-151 ISO646-CU csISO151Cuba }
+    { ISO_6937-2-25 iso-ir-152 csISO6937Add }
+    { GOST_19768-74 ST_SEV_358-88 iso-ir-153 csISO153GOST1976874 }
+    { ISO_8859-supp iso-ir-154 latin1-2-5 csISO8859Supp }
+    { ISO_10367-box iso-ir-155 csISO10367Box }
+    { ISO-8859-10 iso-ir-157 l6 ISO_8859-10:1992 csISOLatin6 latin6 }
+    { latin-lap lap iso-ir-158 csISO158Lap }
+    { JIS_X0212-1990 x0212 iso-ir-159 csISO159JISX02121990 }
+    { DS_2089 DS2089 ISO646-DK dk csISO646Danish }
+    { us-dk csUSDK }
+    { dk-us csDKUS }
+    { JIS_X0201 X0201 csHalfWidthKatakana }
+    { KSC5636 ISO646-KR csKSC5636 }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-2 csUnicode }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-4 csUCS4 }
+    { DEC-MCS dec csDECMCS }
+    { hp-roman8 roman8 r8 csHPRoman8 }
+    { macintosh mac csMacintosh }
+    { IBM037 cp037 ebcdic-cp-us ebcdic-cp-ca ebcdic-cp-wt ebcdic-cp-nl
+      csIBM037 }
+    { IBM038 EBCDIC-INT cp038 csIBM038 }
+    { IBM273 CP273 csIBM273 }
+    { IBM274 EBCDIC-BE CP274 csIBM274 }
+    { IBM275 EBCDIC-BR cp275 csIBM275 }
+    { IBM277 EBCDIC-CP-DK EBCDIC-CP-NO csIBM277 }
+    { IBM278 CP278 ebcdic-cp-fi ebcdic-cp-se csIBM278 }
+    { IBM280 CP280 ebcdic-cp-it csIBM280 }
+    { IBM281 EBCDIC-JP-E cp281 csIBM281 }
+    { IBM284 CP284 ebcdic-cp-es csIBM284 }
+    { IBM285 CP285 ebcdic-cp-gb csIBM285 }
+    { IBM290 cp290 EBCDIC-JP-kana csIBM290 }
+    { IBM297 cp297 ebcdic-cp-fr csIBM297 }
+    { IBM420 cp420 ebcdic-cp-ar1 csIBM420 }
+    { IBM423 cp423 ebcdic-cp-gr csIBM423 }
+    { IBM424 cp424 ebcdic-cp-he csIBM424 }
+    { IBM437 cp437 437 csPC8CodePage437 }
+    { IBM500 CP500 ebcdic-cp-be ebcdic-cp-ch csIBM500 }
+    { IBM775 cp775 csPC775Baltic }
+    { IBM850 cp850 850 csPC850Multilingual }
+    { IBM851 cp851 851 csIBM851 }
+    { IBM852 cp852 852 csPCp852 }
+    { IBM855 cp855 855 csIBM855 }
+    { IBM857 cp857 857 csIBM857 }
+    { IBM860 cp860 860 csIBM860 }
+    { IBM861 cp861 861 cp-is csIBM861 }
+    { IBM862 cp862 862 csPC862LatinHebrew }
+    { IBM863 cp863 863 csIBM863 }
+    { IBM864 cp864 csIBM864 }
+    { IBM865 cp865 865 csIBM865 }
+    { IBM866 cp866 866 csIBM866 }
+    { IBM868 CP868 cp-ar csIBM868 }
+    { IBM869 cp869 869 cp-gr csIBM869 }
+    { IBM870 CP870 ebcdic-cp-roece ebcdic-cp-yu csIBM870 }
+    { IBM871 CP871 ebcdic-cp-is csIBM871 }
+    { IBM880 cp880 EBCDIC-Cyrillic csIBM880 }
+    { IBM891 cp891 csIBM891 }
+    { IBM903 cp903 csIBM903 }
+    { IBM904 cp904 904 csIBBM904 }
+    { IBM905 CP905 ebcdic-cp-tr csIBM905 }
+    { IBM918 CP918 ebcdic-cp-ar2 csIBM918 }
+    { IBM1026 CP1026 csIBM1026 }
+    { EBCDIC-AT-DE csIBMEBCDICATDE }
+    { EBCDIC-AT-DE-A csEBCDICATDEA }
+    { EBCDIC-CA-FR csEBCDICCAFR }
+    { EBCDIC-DK-NO csEBCDICDKNO }
+    { EBCDIC-DK-NO-A csEBCDICDKNOA }
+    { EBCDIC-FI-SE csEBCDICFISE }
+    { EBCDIC-FI-SE-A csEBCDICFISEA }
+    { EBCDIC-FR csEBCDICFR }
+    { EBCDIC-IT csEBCDICIT }
+    { EBCDIC-PT csEBCDICPT }
+    { EBCDIC-ES csEBCDICES }
+    { EBCDIC-ES-A csEBCDICESA }
+    { EBCDIC-ES-S csEBCDICESS }
+    { EBCDIC-UK csEBCDICUK }
+    { EBCDIC-US csEBCDICUS }
+    { UNKNOWN-8BIT csUnknown8BiT }
+    { MNEMONIC csMnemonic }
+    { MNEM csMnem }
+    { VISCII csVISCII }
+    { VIQR csVIQR }
+    { KOI8-R csKOI8R }
+    { IBM00858 CCSID00858 CP00858 PC-Multilingual-850+euro }
+    { IBM00924 CCSID00924 CP00924 ebcdic-Latin9--euro }
+    { IBM01140 CCSID01140 CP01140 ebcdic-us-37+euro }
+    { IBM01141 CCSID01141 CP01141 ebcdic-de-273+euro }
+    { IBM01142 CCSID01142 CP01142 ebcdic-dk-277+euro ebcdic-no-277+euro }
+    { IBM01143 CCSID01143 CP01143 ebcdic-fi-278+euro ebcdic-se-278+euro }
+    { IBM01144 CCSID01144 CP01144 ebcdic-it-280+euro }
+    { IBM01145 CCSID01145 CP01145 ebcdic-es-284+euro }
+    { IBM01146 CCSID01146 CP01146 ebcdic-gb-285+euro }
+    { IBM01147 CCSID01147 CP01147 ebcdic-fr-297+euro }
+    { IBM01148 CCSID01148 CP01148 ebcdic-international-500+euro }
+    { IBM01149 CCSID01149 CP01149 ebcdic-is-871+euro }
+    { IBM1047 IBM-1047 }
+    { PTCP154 csPTCP154 PT154 CP154 Cyrillic-Asian }
+    { Amiga-1251 Ami1251 Amiga1251 Ami-1251 }
+    { UNICODE-1-1 csUnicode11 }
+    { CESU-8 csCESU-8 }
+    { BOCU-1 csBOCU-1 }
+    { UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7 csUnicode11UTF7 }
+    { ISO-8859-14 iso-ir-199 ISO_8859-14:1998 ISO_8859-14 latin8 iso-celtic
+      l8 }
+    { ISO-8859-15 ISO_8859-15 Latin-9 }
+    { ISO-8859-16 iso-ir-226 ISO_8859-16:2001 ISO_8859-16 latin10 l10 }
+    { GBK CP936 MS936 windows-936 }
+    { JIS_Encoding csJISEncoding }
+    { Shift_JIS MS_Kanji csShiftJIS ShiftJIS Shift-JIS }
+    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Packed_Format_for_Japanese csEUCPkdFmtJapanese
+      EUC-JP }
+    { Extended_UNIX_Code_Fixed_Width_for_Japanese csEUCFixWidJapanese }
+    { ISO-10646-UCS-Basic csUnicodeASCII }
+    { ISO-10646-Unicode-Latin1 csUnicodeLatin1 ISO-10646 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1261 csUnicodeIBM1261 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1268 csUnicodeIBM1268 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1276 csUnicodeIBM1276 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1264 csUnicodeIBM1264 }
+    { ISO-Unicode-IBM-1265 csUnicodeIBM1265 }
+    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.0-Latin-1 csWindows30Latin1 }
+    { ISO-8859-1-Windows-3.1-Latin-1 csWindows31Latin1 }
+    { ISO-8859-2-Windows-Latin-2 csWindows31Latin2 }
+    { ISO-8859-9-Windows-Latin-5 csWindows31Latin5 }
+    { Adobe-Standard-Encoding csAdobeStandardEncoding }
+    { Ventura-US csVenturaUS }
+    { Ventura-International csVenturaInternational }
+    { PC8-Danish-Norwegian csPC8DanishNorwegian }
+    { PC8-Turkish csPC8Turkish }
+    { IBM-Symbols csIBMSymbols }
+    { IBM-Thai csIBMThai }
+    { HP-Legal csHPLegal }
+    { HP-Pi-font csHPPiFont }
+    { HP-Math8 csHPMath8 }
+    { Adobe-Symbol-Encoding csHPPSMath }
+    { HP-DeskTop csHPDesktop }
+    { Ventura-Math csVenturaMath }
+    { Microsoft-Publishing csMicrosoftPublishing }
+    { Windows-31J csWindows31J }
+    { GB2312 csGB2312 }
+    { Big5 csBig5 }
+}
+
+proc tcl_encoding {enc} {
+    global encoding_aliases tcl_encoding_cache
+    if {[info exists tcl_encoding_cache($enc)]} {
+	return $tcl_encoding_cache($enc)
+    }
+    set names [encoding names]
+    set lcnames [string tolower $names]
+    set enc [string tolower $enc]
+    set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $enc]
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	# look for "isonnn" instead of "iso-nnn" or "iso_nnn"
+	if {[regsub {^(iso|cp|ibm|jis)[-_]} $enc {\1} encx]} {
+	    set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $encx]
+	}
+    }
+    if {$i < 0} {
+	foreach l $encoding_aliases {
+	    set ll [string tolower $l]
+	    if {[lsearch -exact $ll $enc] < 0} continue
+	    # look through the aliases for one that tcl knows about
+	    foreach e $ll {
+		set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $e]
+		if {$i < 0} {
+		    if {[regsub {^(iso|cp|ibm|jis)[-_]} $e {\1} ex]} {
+			set i [lsearch -exact $lcnames $ex]
+		    }
+		}
+		if {$i >= 0} break
+	    }
+	    break
+	}
+    }
+    set tclenc {}
+    if {$i >= 0} {
+	set tclenc [lindex $names $i]
+    }
+    set tcl_encoding_cache($enc) $tclenc
+    return $tclenc
+}
+
+proc gitattr {path attr default} {
+    global path_attr_cache
+    if {[info exists path_attr_cache($attr,$path)]} {
+	set r $path_attr_cache($attr,$path)
+    } else {
+	set r "unspecified"
+	if {![catch {set line [exec git check-attr $attr -- $path]}]} {
+	    regexp "(.*): encoding: (.*)" $line m f r
+	}
+	set path_attr_cache($attr,$path) $r
+    }
+    if {$r eq "unspecified"} {
+	return $default
+    }
+    return $r
+}
+
+proc cache_gitattr {attr pathlist} {
+    global path_attr_cache
+    set newlist {}
+    foreach path $pathlist {
+	if {![info exists path_attr_cache($attr,$path)]} {
+	    lappend newlist $path
+	}
+    }
+    set lim 1000
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] == "win32"} {
+	# windows has a 32k limit on the arguments to a command...
+	set lim 30
+    }
+    while {$newlist ne {}} {
+	set head [lrange $newlist 0 [expr {$lim - 1}]]
+	set newlist [lrange $newlist $lim end]
+	if {![catch {set rlist [eval exec git check-attr $attr -- $head]}]} {
+	    foreach row [split $rlist "\n"] {
+		if {[regexp "(.*): encoding: (.*)" $row m path value]} {
+		    if {[string index $path 0] eq "\""} {
+			set path [encoding convertfrom [lindex $path 0]]
+		    }
+		    set path_attr_cache($attr,$path) $value
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc get_path_encoding {path} {
+    global gui_encoding perfile_attrs
+    set tcl_enc $gui_encoding
+    if {$path ne {} && $perfile_attrs} {
+	set enc2 [tcl_encoding [gitattr $path encoding $tcl_enc]]
+	if {$enc2 ne {}} {
+	    set tcl_enc $enc2
+	}
+    }
+    return $tcl_enc
+}
+
+# First check that Tcl/Tk is recent enough
+if {[catch {package require Tk 8.4} err]} {
+    show_error {} . [mc "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n\
+		     Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."]
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# defaults...
+set wrcomcmd "git diff-tree --stdin -p --pretty"
+
+set gitencoding {}
+catch {
+    set gitencoding [exec git config --get i18n.commitencoding]
+}
+catch {
+    set gitencoding [exec git config --get i18n.logoutputencoding]
+}
+if {$gitencoding == ""} {
+    set gitencoding "utf-8"
+}
+set tclencoding [tcl_encoding $gitencoding]
+if {$tclencoding == {}} {
+    puts stderr "Warning: encoding $gitencoding is not supported by Tcl/Tk"
+}
+
+set gui_encoding [encoding system]
+catch {
+    set enc [exec git config --get gui.encoding]
+    if {$enc ne {}} {
+	set tclenc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+	if {$tclenc ne {}} {
+	    set gui_encoding $tclenc
+	} else {
+	    puts stderr "Warning: encoding $enc is not supported by Tcl/Tk"
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    set mainfont {{Lucida Grande} 9}
+    set textfont {Monaco 9}
+    set uifont {{Lucida Grande} 9 bold}
+} else {
+    set mainfont {Helvetica 9}
+    set textfont {Courier 9}
+    set uifont {Helvetica 9 bold}
+}
+set tabstop 8
+set findmergefiles 0
+set maxgraphpct 50
+set maxwidth 16
+set revlistorder 0
+set fastdate 0
+set uparrowlen 5
+set downarrowlen 5
+set mingaplen 100
+set cmitmode "patch"
+set wrapcomment "none"
+set showneartags 1
+set maxrefs 20
+set maxlinelen 200
+set showlocalchanges 1
+set limitdiffs 1
+set datetimeformat "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+set autoselect 1
+set perfile_attrs 0
+
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    set extdifftool "opendiff"
+} else {
+    set extdifftool "meld"
+}
+
+set colors {green red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
+set bgcolor white
+set fgcolor black
+set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
+set diffcontext 3
+set ignorespace 0
+set selectbgcolor gray85
+set markbgcolor "#e0e0ff"
+
+set circlecolors {white blue gray blue blue}
+
+# button for popping up context menus
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    set ctxbut <Button-2>
+} else {
+    set ctxbut <Button-3>
+}
+
+## For msgcat loading, first locate the installation location.
+if { [info exists ::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)] } {
+    ## Msgsdir was manually set in the environment.
+    set gitk_msgsdir $::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)
+} else {
+    ## Let's guess the prefix from argv0.
+    set gitk_prefix [file dirname [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]]]
+    set gitk_libdir [file join $gitk_prefix share gitk lib]
+    set gitk_msgsdir [file join $gitk_libdir msgs]
+    unset gitk_prefix
+}
+
+## Internationalization (i18n) through msgcat and gettext. See
+## http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Tcl.html
+package require msgcat
+namespace import ::msgcat::mc
+## And eventually load the actual message catalog
+::msgcat::mcload $gitk_msgsdir
+
+catch {source ~/.gitk}
+
+font create optionfont -family sans-serif -size -12
+
+parsefont mainfont $mainfont
+eval font create mainfont [fontflags mainfont]
+eval font create mainfontbold [fontflags mainfont 1]
+
+parsefont textfont $textfont
+eval font create textfont [fontflags textfont]
+eval font create textfontbold [fontflags textfont 1]
+
+parsefont uifont $uifont
+eval font create uifont [fontflags uifont]
+
+setoptions
+
+# check that we can find a .git directory somewhere...
+if {[catch {set gitdir [gitdir]}]} {
+    show_error {} . [mc "Cannot find a git repository here."]
+    exit 1
+}
+if {![file isdirectory $gitdir]} {
+    show_error {} . [mc "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"." $gitdir]
+    exit 1
+}
+
+set selecthead {}
+set selectheadid {}
+
+set revtreeargs {}
+set cmdline_files {}
+set i 0
+set revtreeargscmd {}
+foreach arg $argv {
+    switch -glob -- $arg {
+	"" { }
+	"--" {
+	    set cmdline_files [lrange $argv [expr {$i + 1}] end]
+	    break
+	}
+	"--select-commit=*" {
+	    set selecthead [string range $arg 16 end]
+	}
+	"--argscmd=*" {
+	    set revtreeargscmd [string range $arg 10 end]
+	}
+	default {
+	    lappend revtreeargs $arg
+	}
+    }
+    incr i
+}
+
+if {$selecthead eq "HEAD"} {
+    set selecthead {}
+}
+
+if {$i >= [llength $argv] && $revtreeargs ne {}} {
+    # no -- on command line, but some arguments (other than --argscmd)
+    if {[catch {
+	set f [eval exec git rev-parse --no-revs --no-flags $revtreeargs]
+	set cmdline_files [split $f "\n"]
+	set n [llength $cmdline_files]
+	set revtreeargs [lrange $revtreeargs 0 end-$n]
+	# Unfortunately git rev-parse doesn't produce an error when
+	# something is both a revision and a filename.  To be consistent
+	# with git log and git rev-list, check revtreeargs for filenames.
+	foreach arg $revtreeargs {
+	    if {[file exists $arg]} {
+		show_error {} . [mc "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision\
+				 and filename" $arg]
+		exit 1
+	    }
+	}
+    } err]} {
+	# unfortunately we get both stdout and stderr in $err,
+	# so look for "fatal:".
+	set i [string first "fatal:" $err]
+	if {$i > 0} {
+	    set err [string range $err [expr {$i + 6}] end]
+	}
+	show_error {} . "[mc "Bad arguments to gitk:"]\n$err"
+	exit 1
+    }
+}
+
+set nullid "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+set nullid2 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
+set nullfile "/dev/null"
+
+set have_tk85 [expr {[package vcompare $tk_version "8.5"] >= 0}]
+set git_version [join [lrange [split [lindex [exec git version] end] .] 0 2] .]
+
+set runq {}
+set history {}
+set historyindex 0
+set fh_serial 0
+set nhl_names {}
+set highlight_paths {}
+set findpattern {}
+set searchdirn -forwards
+set boldids {}
+set boldnameids {}
+set diffelide {0 0}
+set markingmatches 0
+set linkentercount 0
+set need_redisplay 0
+set nrows_drawn 0
+set firsttabstop 0
+
+set nextviewnum 1
+set curview 0
+set selectedview 0
+set selectedhlview [mc "None"]
+set highlight_related [mc "None"]
+set highlight_files {}
+set viewfiles(0) {}
+set viewperm(0) 0
+set viewargs(0) {}
+set viewargscmd(0) {}
+
+set selectedline {}
+set numcommits 0
+set loginstance 0
+set cmdlineok 0
+set stopped 0
+set stuffsaved 0
+set patchnum 0
+set lserial 0
+set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
+setcoords
+makewindow
+catch {
+    image create photo gitlogo      -width 16 -height 16
+
+    image create photo gitlogominus -width  4 -height  2
+    gitlogominus put #C00000 -to 0 0 4 2
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to  1 5
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to  6 5
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to 11 5
+    image delete gitlogominus
+
+    image create photo gitlogoplus  -width  4 -height  4
+    gitlogoplus  put #008000 -to 1 0 3 4
+    gitlogoplus  put #008000 -to 0 1 4 3
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to  1 9
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to  6 9
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to 11 9
+    image delete gitlogoplus
+
+    image create photo gitlogo32    -width 32 -height 32
+    gitlogo32 copy gitlogo -zoom 2 2
+
+    wm iconphoto . -default gitlogo gitlogo32
+}
+# wait for the window to become visible
+tkwait visibility .
+wm title . "[file tail $argv0]: [file tail [pwd]]"
+update
+readrefs
+
+if {$cmdline_files ne {} || $revtreeargs ne {} || $revtreeargscmd ne {}} {
+    # create a view for the files/dirs specified on the command line
+    set curview 1
+    set selectedview 1
+    set nextviewnum 2
+    set viewname(1) [mc "Command line"]
+    set viewfiles(1) $cmdline_files
+    set viewargs(1) $revtreeargs
+    set viewargscmd(1) $revtreeargscmd
+    set viewperm(1) 0
+    set vdatemode(1) 0
+    addviewmenu 1
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Edit view..."] -state normal
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Delete view"] -state normal
+}
+
+if {[info exists permviews]} {
+    foreach v $permviews {
+	set n $nextviewnum
+	incr nextviewnum
+	set viewname($n) [lindex $v 0]
+	set viewfiles($n) [lindex $v 1]
+	set viewargs($n) [lindex $v 2]
+	set viewargscmd($n) [lindex $v 3]
+	set viewperm($n) 1
+	addviewmenu $n
+    }
+}
+
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+    focus -force .
+}
+
+getcommits {}
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/.gitignore b/gitk-git/po/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e358dd1903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.msg
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/de.po b/gitk-git/po/de.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53ef0d6359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/de.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1155 @@
+# Translation of gitk to German.
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Paul Mackerras.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+#
+# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007.
+# Frederik Schwarzer <schwarzerf@gmail.com>, 2008.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-05-12 21:55+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-05-12 22:18+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
+"Language-Team: German\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Liste der nicht zusammengeführten Dateien nicht gefunden:"
+
+#: gitk:268
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden der Versionen:"
+
+#: gitk:323
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen des --argscmd-Kommandos:"
+
+#: gitk:336
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es existieren "
+"keine nicht zusammengeführten Dateien."
+
+#: gitk:339
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es sind keine "
+"nicht zusammengeführten Dateien in der Dateiauswahl."
+
+#: gitk:361 gitk:508
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git log«:"
+
+#: gitk:379 gitk:524
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Lesen"
+
+#: gitk:439 gitk:4061
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Versionen werden gelesen ..."
+
+#: gitk:442 gitk:1560 gitk:4064
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Keine Versionen ausgewählt"
+
+#: gitk:1436
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Ausgabe von »git log« kann nicht erkannt werden:"
+
+#: gitk:1656
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Keine Versionsinformation verfügbar"
+
+#: gitk:1791 gitk:1815 gitk:3854 gitk:8714 gitk:10250 gitk:10422
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: gitk:1817 gitk:3856 gitk:8311 gitk:8385 gitk:8495 gitk:8544 gitk:8716
+#: gitk:10251 gitk:10423
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Abbrechen"
+
+#: gitk:1917
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Aktualisieren"
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "Neu laden"
+
+#: gitk:1919
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Zweige neu laden"
+
+#: gitk:1920
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen auflisten"
+
+#: gitk:1922
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "»git gui« starten"
+
+#: gitk:1924
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Beenden"
+
+#: gitk:1916
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Datei"
+
+#: gitk:1928
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Einstellungen"
+
+#: gitk:1927
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Bearbeiten"
+
+#: gitk:1932
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "Neue Ansicht ..."
+
+#: gitk:1933
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Ansicht bearbeiten ..."
+
+#: gitk:1934
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Ansicht entfernen"
+
+#: gitk:1936
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Alle Dateien"
+
+#: gitk:1931 gitk:3666
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Ansicht"
+
+#: gitk:1941 gitk:1951 gitk:2650
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Ãœber gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1942 gitk:1956
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "Tastenkürzel"
+
+#: gitk:1940 gitk:1955
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hilfe"
+
+#: gitk:2016
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1:"
+
+#: gitk:2047
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Zeile"
+
+#: gitk:2078
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Suche"
+
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "nächste"
+
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "vorige"
+
+#: gitk:2081
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "Version nach"
+
+#: gitk:2084 gitk:2086 gitk:4222 gitk:4245 gitk:4269 gitk:6210 gitk:6282
+#: gitk:6366
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "Beschreibung:"
+
+#: gitk:2087 gitk:3158 gitk:3163 gitk:4297
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "Dateien:"
+
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4302
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "Änderungen:"
+
+#: gitk:2097 gitk:2099
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exakt"
+
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:4377 gitk:6178
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "Kein Groß/Klein"
+
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:4271 gitk:4375 gitk:6174
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Regexp"
+
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:2102 gitk:4396 gitk:4426 gitk:4433 gitk:6302 gitk:6370
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Alle Felder"
+
+#: gitk:2102 gitk:4394 gitk:4426 gitk:6241
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Ãœberschrift"
+
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:6370 gitk:6804
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Beschreibung"
+
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:4398 gitk:4433 gitk:6241 gitk:6739 gitk:7991
+#: gitk:8006
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:6741
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Eintragender"
+
+#: gitk:2132
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Suchen"
+
+#: gitk:2139
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Vergleich"
+
+#: gitk:2141
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Alte Version"
+
+#: gitk:2143
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Neue Version"
+
+#: gitk:2145
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Kontextzeilen"
+
+#: gitk:2155
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Leerzeichenänderungen ignorieren"
+
+#: gitk:2213
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Patch"
+
+#: gitk:2215
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Baum"
+
+#: gitk:2359 gitk:2376
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Vergleich: diese -> gewählte"
+
+#: gitk:2360 gitk:2377
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Vergleich: gewählte -> diese"
+
+#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Patch erstellen"
+
+#: gitk:2362 gitk:8369
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Markierung erstellen"
+
+#: gitk:2363 gitk:8475
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Version in Datei schreiben"
+
+#: gitk:2364 gitk:8532
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Neuen Zweig erstellen"
+
+#: gitk:2365
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Diese Version pflücken"
+
+#: gitk:2366
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "HEAD-Zweig auf diese Version zurücksetzen"
+
+#: gitk:2367
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Lesezeichen setzen"
+
+#: gitk:2368
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Zum Lesezeichen"
+
+#: gitk:2369
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Abkömmling von Lesezeichen und dieser Version finden"
+
+#: gitk:2370
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Mit Lesezeichen vergleichen"
+
+#: gitk:2384
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Auf diesen Zweig umstellen"
+
+#: gitk:2385
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Zweig löschen"
+
+#: gitk:2392
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Diesen auch hervorheben"
+
+#: gitk:2393
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Nur diesen hervorheben"
+
+#: gitk:2394
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
+
+#: gitk:2395
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "Annotieren der Elternversion"
+
+#: gitk:2402
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Herkunft dieser Zeile anzeigen"
+
+#: gitk:2403
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Diese Zeile annotieren (»git gui blame«)"
+
+#: gitk:2652
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - eine Visualisierung der Git-Historie\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Benutzung und Weiterverbreitung gemäß den Bedingungen der GNU General Public "
+"License"
+
+#: gitk:2660 gitk:2722 gitk:8897
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Schließen"
+
+#: gitk:2679
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung"
+
+#: gitk:2682
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung:"
+
+#: gitk:2684
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tBeenden"
+
+#: gitk:2685
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Pos1>\t\tZur neuesten Version springen"
+
+#: gitk:2686
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<Ende>\t\tZur ältesten Version springen"
+
+#: gitk:2687
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Hoch>, p, i\tNächste neuere Version"
+
+#: gitk:2688
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Runter>, n, k\tNächste ältere Version"
+
+#: gitk:2689
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Links>, z, j\tEine Version zurückgehen"
+
+#: gitk:2690
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Rechts>, x, l\tEine Version weitergehen"
+
+#: gitk:2691
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<BildHoch>\tEine Seite nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2692
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<BildRunter>\tEine Seite nach unten blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2693
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Pos1>\tZum oberen Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2694
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Ende>\tZum unteren Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Hoch>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2696
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Runter>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach unten blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2697
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-BildHoch>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2698
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-BildRunter>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach unten blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2699
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Umschalt-Hoch>\tRückwärts suchen (nach oben; neuere Versionen)"
+
+#: gitk:2700
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Umschalt-Runter> Suchen (nach unten; ältere Versionen)"
+
+#: gitk:2701
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Entf>, b\t\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2702
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Löschtaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2703
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Leertaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach unten blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2704
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach oben blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2705
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach unten blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2706
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSuchen"
+
+#: gitk:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tWeitersuchen"
+
+#: gitk:2708
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Eingabetaste>\tWeitersuchen"
+
+#: gitk:2709
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tTastaturfokus ins Suchfeld"
+
+#: gitk:2710
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen"
+
+#: gitk:2711
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tVergleich zur nächsten Datei blättern"
+
+#: gitk:2712
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tWeitersuchen im Vergleich"
+
+#: gitk:2713
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen im Vergleich"
+
+#: gitk:2714
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Nummerblock-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
+
+#: gitk:2715
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
+
+#: gitk:2716
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Nummernblock-Minus> Schrift verkleinern"
+
+#: gitk:2717
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Minus>\tSchrift verkleinern"
+
+#: gitk:2718
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tAktualisieren"
+
+#: gitk:3173
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Holen von »%s« von »%s«:"
+
+#: gitk:3230 gitk:3239
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des temporären Verzeichnisses »%s«:"
+
+#: gitk:3251
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3397
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Version nicht gefunden"
+
+#: gitk:3411
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungs-Spitze konnte nicht gelesen werden: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Bereitstellung (»index«): %s"
+
+#: gitk:3475
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "»git blame« konnte nicht gestartet werden: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3478 gitk:6209
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Suchen"
+
+#: gitk:3510
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git blame«: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3538
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+"Diese Zeile stammt aus Version %s, die nicht in dieser Ansicht gezeigt wird"
+
+#: gitk:3552
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3670
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Gitk-Ansichten"
+
+#: gitk:3674
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Diese Ansicht speichern"
+
+#: gitk:3675
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Versionen anzeigen (Argumente von git log):"
+
+#: gitk:3676
+msgid "Use all refs"
+msgstr "Alle Zweige verwenden"
+
+#: gitk:3677
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Streng nach Datum sortieren"
+
+#: gitk:3678
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Zweig-Seiten markieren"
+
+#: gitk:3679
+msgid "Since date:"
+msgstr "Von Datum:"
+
+#: gitk:3680
+msgid "Until date:"
+msgstr "Bis Datum:"
+
+#: gitk:3681
+msgid "Max count:"
+msgstr "Max. Anzahl:"
+
+#: gitk:3682
+msgid "Skip:"
+msgstr "Ãœberspringen:"
+
+#: gitk:3683
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Auf erste Elternversion beschränken"
+
+#: gitk:3684
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Versionsliste durch folgendes Kommando erzeugen lassen:"
+
+#: gitk:3780
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: Ansicht bearbeiten"
+
+#: gitk:3793
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Name"
+
+#: gitk:3841
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Folgende Dateien und Verzeichnisse anzeigen (eine pro Zeile):"
+
+#: gitk:3855
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Anwenden (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3893
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Fehler in den ausgewählten Versionen:"
+
+#: gitk:3946 gitk:3998 gitk:4446 gitk:4460 gitk:5721 gitk:11114 gitk:11115
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Keine"
+
+#: gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:7993 gitk:8008
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: gitk:4394 gitk:6241
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "Eintragedatum"
+
+#: gitk:4543 gitk:4548
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Abkömmling"
+
+#: gitk:4544
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "Kein Abkömmling"
+
+#: gitk:4551 gitk:4556
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Vorgänger"
+
+#: gitk:4552
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "Kein Vorgänger"
+
+#: gitk:4842
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Lokale Änderungen bereitgestellt, aber nicht eingetragen"
+
+#: gitk:4878
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Lokale Änderungen, nicht bereitgestellt"
+
+#: gitk:6559
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "viele"
+
+#: gitk:6743
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Markierungen:"
+
+#: gitk:6760 gitk:6766 gitk:7986
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Eltern"
+
+#: gitk:6771
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Kind"
+
+#: gitk:6780
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Zweig"
+
+#: gitk:6783
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Folgt auf"
+
+#: gitk:6786
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Vorgänger von"
+
+#: gitk:7279
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden des Vergleichs: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7819
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Gehe zu:"
+
+#: gitk:7821
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert:"
+
+#: gitk:7840
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "Kurzer SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist mehrdeutig"
+
+#: gitk:7852
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist unbekannt"
+
+#: gitk:7854
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "Markierung/Zweig »%s« ist unbekannt"
+
+#: gitk:7996
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Kinder"
+
+#: gitk:8053
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« hierher zurücksetzen"
+
+#: gitk:8055
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze ist abgetrennt: Zurücksetzen nicht möglich"
+
+#: gitk:8164 gitk:8170
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Überspringe Zusammenführungs-Version "
+
+#: gitk:8179 gitk:8184
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Fehler beim Holen der Patch-ID für "
+
+#: gitk:8180 gitk:8185
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - Abbruch.\n"
+
+#: gitk:8190 gitk:8193 gitk:8201 gitk:8211 gitk:8220
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Version "
+
+#: gitk:8194
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" ist das gleiche Patch wie\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8202
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" ist unterschiedlich von\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8204
+msgid "- stopping\n"
+msgstr "- Abbruch.\n"
+
+#: gitk:8212 gitk:8221
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " hat %s Kinder. Abbruch\n"
+
+#: gitk:8252
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Oben"
+
+#: gitk:8253
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "Von"
+
+#: gitk:8258
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "bis"
+
+#: gitk:8282
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Patch erstellen"
+
+#: gitk:8284
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "Von:"
+
+#: gitk:8293
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "bis:"
+
+#: gitk:8302
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Umgekehrt"
+
+#: gitk:8304 gitk:8489
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Ausgabedatei:"
+
+#: gitk:8310
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Erzeugen"
+
+#: gitk:8348
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des Patches:"
+
+#: gitk:8371 gitk:8477 gitk:8534
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:8380
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Markierungsname:"
+
+#: gitk:8384 gitk:8543
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Erstellen"
+
+#: gitk:8401
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "Kein Markierungsname angegeben"
+
+#: gitk:8405
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "Markierung »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: gitk:8411
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Markierung:"
+
+#: gitk:8486
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: gitk:8494
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Schreiben"
+
+#: gitk:8512
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Version:"
+
+#: gitk:8539
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Name:"
+
+#: gitk:8562
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen für den neuen Zweig an."
+
+#: gitk:8567
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« existiert bereits. Soll er überschrieben werden?"
+
+#: gitk:8633
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Version »%s« ist bereits im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem erneut "
+"eintragen?"
+
+#: gitk:8638
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Version pflücken"
+
+#: gitk:8647
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Pflücken fehlgeschlagen, da noch lokale Änderungen in Datei »%s«\n"
+"vorliegen. Bitte diese Änderungen eintragen, zurücksetzen oder\n"
+"zwischenspeichern (»git stash«) und dann erneut versuchen."
+
+#: gitk:8653
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Pflücken fehlgeschlagen, da ein Zusammenführungs-Konflikt aufgetreten\n"
+"ist. Soll das Zusammenführungs-Werkzeug (»git citool«) aufgerufen\n"
+"werden, um diesen Konflikt aufzulösen?"
+
+#: gitk:8669
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen eingetragen"
+
+#: gitk:8695
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Zurücksetzen bestätigen"
+
+#: gitk:8697
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« auf »%s« zurücksetzen?"
+
+#: gitk:8701
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Art des Zurücksetzens:"
+
+#: gitk:8705
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Harmlos: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung unverändert"
+
+#: gitk:8708
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr ""
+"Gemischt: Arbeitskopie unverändert,\n"
+"Bereitstellung zurückgesetzt"
+
+#: gitk:8711
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hart: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung\n"
+"(Alle lokalen Änderungen werden gelöscht)"
+
+#: gitk:8728
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "Zurücksetzen"
+
+#: gitk:8785
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Umstellen"
+
+#: gitk:8838
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Der Zweig, auf den die Arbeitskopie momentan umgestellt ist, kann nicht "
+"gelöscht werden."
+
+#: gitk:8844
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Versionen auf Zweig »%s« existieren auf keinem anderen Zweig.\n"
+"Zweig »%s« trotzdem löschen?"
+
+#: gitk:8875
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Markierungen und Zweige: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8890
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtern"
+
+#: gitk:9185
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Lesen der Strukturinformationen; Zweige und Informationen zu "
+"Vorgänger/Nachfolger werden unvollständig sein."
+
+#: gitk:10171
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Markierung"
+
+#: gitk:10171
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:10219
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Gitk-Schriften wählen"
+
+#: gitk:10236
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "F"
+
+#: gitk:10239
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "K"
+
+#: gitk:10334
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Gitk-Einstellungen"
+
+#: gitk:10336
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Anzeige der Versionsliste"
+
+#: gitk:10339
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (Zeilen)"
+
+#: gitk:10343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (% des Fensters)"
+
+#: gitk:10347
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Lokale Änderungen anzeigen"
+
+#: gitk:10350
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert automatisch auswählen"
+
+#: gitk:10354
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Anzeige des Vergleichs"
+
+#: gitk:10356
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Tabulatorbreite"
+
+#: gitk:10359
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Naheliegende Markierungen anzeigen"
+
+#: gitk:10362
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Vergleich nur für angezeigte Pfade"
+
+#: gitk:10365
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Zeichenkodierung pro Datei ermitteln"
+
+#: gitk:10371 gitk:10436
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
+
+#: gitk:10373
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Wählen ..."
+
+#: gitk:10378
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Farben: Klicken zum Wählen"
+
+#: gitk:10381
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Hintergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10382 gitk:10412
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "Hintergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10385
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Vordergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10386
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "Vordergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10389
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich: Alte Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10390
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Alte Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10394
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich: Neue Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10395
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Neue Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10399
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Vergleich: Änderungstitel"
+
+#: gitk:10401
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Änderungstitel"
+
+#: gitk:10405
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
+
+#: gitk:10407
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
+
+#: gitk:10411
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Hintergrundfarbe auswählen"
+
+#: gitk:10415
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Schriftart: Klicken zum Wählen"
+
+#: gitk:10417
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Programmschriftart"
+
+#: gitk:10418
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Schriftart für Vergleich"
+
+#: gitk:10419
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Beschriftungen"
+
+#: gitk:10446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: Farbe wählen für %s"
+
+#: gitk:10893
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Gitk läuft nicht mit dieser Version von Tcl/Tk.\n"
+"Gitk benötigt mindestens Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:11020
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Kein Git-Projektarchiv gefunden."
+
+#: gitk:11024
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis »%s« wurde nicht gefunden."
+
+#: gitk:11071
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "Mehrdeutige Angabe »%s«: Sowohl Version als auch Dateiname existiert."
+
+#: gitk:11083
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Falsche Kommandozeilen-Parameter für gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:11167
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Kommandozeile"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/es.po b/gitk-git/po/es.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e19b5eae2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/es.po
@@ -0,0 +1,911 @@
+# Translation of gitk
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Santiago Gala
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+# Santiago Gala <santiago.gala@gmail.com>, 2008.
+#
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-03-25 11:20+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Santiago Gala <santiago.gala@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Spanish\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Imposible obtener la lista de archivos pendientes de fusión:"
+
+#: gitk:340
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay archivos seleccionados: se seleccionó la opción --merge pero no hay "
+"archivos pendientes de fusión."
+
+#: gitk:343
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay archivos seleccionados: se seleccionó la opción --merge pero los "
+"archivos especificados no necesitan fusión."
+
+#: gitk:378
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Leyendo"
+
+#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Leyendo revisiones..."
+
+#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "No se seleccionaron revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:1399
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Error analizando la salida de git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1605
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Falta información sobre las revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Aceptar"
+
+#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
+#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancelar"
+
+#: gitk:1811
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Actualizar"
+
+#: gitk:1813
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Releer referencias"
+
+#: gitk:1814
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Lista de referencias"
+
+#: gitk:1815
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Salir"
+
+#: gitk:1810
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Archivo"
+
+#: gitk:1818
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferencias"
+
+#: gitk:1817
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Editar"
+
+#: gitk:1821
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "Nueva vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1822
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Modificar vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1823
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Eliminar vista"
+
+#: gitk:1825
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Todos los archivos"
+
+#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Vista"
+
+#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Acerca de gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1829
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "Combinaciones de teclas"
+
+#: gitk:1827
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Ayuda"
+
+#: gitk:1887
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:1949
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Buscar"
+
+#: gitk:1950
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "<<"
+
+#: gitk:1951
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr ">>"
+
+#: gitk:1952
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "revisión"
+
+#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "que contiene:"
+
+#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "que modifica la ruta:"
+
+#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "que añade/elimina cadena:"
+
+#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exacto"
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "NoMayús"
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Regex"
+
+#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Todos los campos"
+
+#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Título"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Comentarios"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
+#: gitk:7300
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2003
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Buscar"
+
+#: gitk:2010
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diferencia"
+
+#: gitk:2012
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Versión antigua"
+
+#: gitk:2014
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Versión nueva"
+
+#: gitk:2016
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Líneas de contexto"
+
+#: gitk:2026
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignora cambios de espaciado"
+
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Parche"
+
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "�rbol"
+
+#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Diferencia de esta -> seleccionada"
+
+#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Diferencia de seleccionada -> esta"
+
+#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Crear patch"
+
+#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Crear etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Escribir revisiones a archivo"
+
+#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Crear nueva rama"
+
+#: gitk:2219
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Añadir esta revisión a la rama actual (cherry-pick)"
+
+#: gitk:2220
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Traer la rama HEAD aquí"
+
+#: gitk:2234
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Cambiar a esta rama"
+
+#: gitk:2235
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Eliminar esta rama"
+
+#: gitk:2242
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Seleccionar también"
+
+#: gitk:2243
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Seleccionar sólo"
+
+#: gitk:2245
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2488
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - un visualizador de revisiones para git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Uso y redistribución permitidos según los términos de la Licencia Pública "
+"General de GNU (GNU GPL)"
+
+#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Cerrar"
+
+#: gitk:2515
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Combinaciones de tecla de Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2517
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Combinaciones de tecla de Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:2519
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSalir"
+
+#: gitk:2520
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tIr a la primera revisión"
+
+#: gitk:2521
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tIr a la última revisión"
+
+#: gitk:2522
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tSubir una revisión"
+
+#: gitk:2523
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tBajar una revisión"
+
+#: gitk:2524
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tRetroceder en la historia"
+
+#: gitk:2525
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tAvanzar en la historia"
+
+#: gitk:2526
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tSubir una página en la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2527
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tBajar una página en la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tDesplazarse al inicio de la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2529
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tDesplazarse al final de la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2530
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tDesplazar una línea hacia arriba la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2531
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tDesplazar una línea hacia abajo la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2532
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tDesplazar una página hacia arriba la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2533
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tDesplazar una página hacia abajo la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:2534
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tBuscar hacia atrás (arriba, revisiones siguientes)"
+
+#: gitk:2535
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tBuscar hacia adelante (abajo, revisiones anteriores)"
+
+#: gitk:2536
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tDesplaza hacia arriba una página la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2537
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tDesplaza hacia arriba una página la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2538
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Space>\t\tDesplaza hacia abajo una página la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2539
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tDesplaza hacia arriba 18 líneas la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2540
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tDesplaza hacia abajo 18 líneas la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2541
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tBuscar"
+
+#: gitk:2542
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tBuscar el siguiente"
+
+#: gitk:2543
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tBuscar el siguiente"
+
+#: gitk:2544
+msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
+msgstr "/\t\tBuscar el siguiente, o reiniciar la búsqueda"
+
+#: gitk:2545
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tBuscar el anterior"
+
+#: gitk:2546
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tDesplazar la vista de diferencias al archivo siguiente"
+
+#: gitk:2547
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tBuscar siguiente en la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2548
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tBuscar anterior en la vista de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:2549
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumentar tamaño del texto"
+
+#: gitk:2550
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAumentar tamaño del texto"
+
+#: gitk:2551
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDisminuir tamaño del texto"
+
+#: gitk:2552
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tDisminuir tamaño del texto"
+
+#: gitk:2553
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tActualizar"
+
+#: gitk:3200
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Definición de vistas de Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3225
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Nombre"
+
+#: gitk:3228
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Recordar esta vista"
+
+#: gitk:3232
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Revisiones a incluir (argumentos a git log):"
+
+#: gitk:3239
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Comando que genera más revisiones a incluir:"
+
+#: gitk:3246
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Introducir archivos y directorios a incluir, uno por línea:"
+
+#: gitk:3293
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Error en los argumentos de selección de las revisiones:"
+
+#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Ninguno"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Fecha"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "Fecha de creación"
+
+#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Descendiente"
+
+#: gitk:3940
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "No descendiente"
+
+#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Antepasado"
+
+#: gitk:3948
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "No antepasado"
+
+#: gitk:4187
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Cambios locales añadidos al índice pero sin completar revisión"
+
+#: gitk:4220
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Cambios locales sin añadir al índice"
+
+#: gitk:5549
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Buscando"
+
+#: gitk:6049
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Etiquetas:"
+
+#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Padre"
+
+#: gitk:6077
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Hija"
+
+#: gitk:6086
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Rama"
+
+#: gitk:6089
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Sigue-a"
+
+#: gitk:6092
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Precede-a"
+
+#: gitk:6378
+msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
+msgstr "Error al leer las diferencias de fusión:"
+
+#: gitk:7113
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Ir a:"
+
+#: gitk:7115
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "La id SHA1 abreviada %s es ambigua"
+
+#: gitk:7146
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "La id SHA1 %s es desconocida"
+
+#: gitk:7148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "La etiqueta/rama %s es deconocida"
+
+#: gitk:7290
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Hijas"
+
+#: gitk:7347
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Poner la rama %s en esta revisión"
+
+#: gitk:7349
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7381
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Origen"
+
+#: gitk:7382
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "De"
+
+#: gitk:7387
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "A"
+
+#: gitk:7410
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Generar parche"
+
+#: gitk:7412
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "De:"
+
+#: gitk:7421
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "Para:"
+
+#: gitk:7430
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Invertir"
+
+#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Escribir a archivo:"
+
+#: gitk:7438
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Generar"
+
+#: gitk:7474
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Error en la creación del parche:"
+
+#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7505
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Nombre de etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Crear"
+
+#: gitk:7524
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "No se ha especificado etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:7528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "La etiqueta \"%s\" ya existe"
+
+#: gitk:7534
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Error al crear la etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:7604
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: gitk:7612
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Escribir"
+
+#: gitk:7628
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Error al escribir revisión:"
+
+#: gitk:7654
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nombre:"
+
+#: gitk:7674
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Especifique un nombre para la nueva rama"
+
+#: gitk:7703
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr "La revisión %s ya está incluida en la rama %s -- ¿Volver a aplicarla?"
+
+#: gitk:7708
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Eligiendo revisiones (cherry-picking)"
+
+#: gitk:7720
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "No se han guardado cambios"
+
+#: gitk:7745
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Confirmar git reset"
+
+#: gitk:7747
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "¿Reponer la rama %s a %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7751
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Tipo de reposición:"
+
+#: gitk:7755
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Suave: No altera la copia de trabajo ni el índice"
+
+#: gitk:7758
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Mixta: Actualiza el índice, no altera la copia de trabajo"
+
+#: gitk:7761
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Dura: Actualiza el índice y la copia de trabajo\n"
+"(abandona TODAS las modificaciones locales)"
+
+#: gitk:7777
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "Reponiendo"
+
+#: gitk:7834
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Creando copia de trabajo"
+
+#: gitk:7885
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "No se puede borrar la rama actual"
+
+#: gitk:7891
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Las revisiones de la rama %s no están presentes en otras ramas.\n"
+"¿Borrar la rama %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7922
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Etiquetas y ramas: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7936
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtro"
+
+#: gitk:8230
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Error al leer la topología de revisiones: la información sobre las ramas y "
+"etiquetas precedentes y siguientes será incompleta."
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:9262
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Selector de tipografías gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9279
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:9282
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:9375
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferencias de gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9376
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Opciones de visualización de la lista de revisiones"
+
+#: gitk:9379
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Ancho máximo del gráfico (en líneas)"
+
+#: gitk:9383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Ancho máximo del gráfico (en % del panel)"
+
+#: gitk:9388
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Mostrar cambios locales"
+
+#: gitk:9393
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Seleccionar automáticamente SHA1 hash"
+
+#: gitk:9398
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Opciones de visualización de diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:9400
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Espaciado de tabulador"
+
+#: gitk:9404
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Mostrar etiquetas cercanas"
+
+#: gitk:9409
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Limitar las diferencias a las rutas seleccionadas"
+
+#: gitk:9414
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9421
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9423
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9428
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Colores: pulse para seleccionar"
+
+#: gitk:9431
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Fondo"
+
+#: gitk:9435
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Primer plano"
+
+#: gitk:9439
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: líneas viejas"
+
+#: gitk:9444
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: líneas nuevas"
+
+#: gitk:9449
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: cabecera de fragmento"
+
+#: gitk:9455
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Color de fondo de la selección"
+
+#: gitk:9459
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Tipografías: pulse para elegir"
+
+#: gitk:9461
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Tipografía principal"
+
+#: gitk:9462
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Tipografía para diferencias"
+
+#: gitk:9463
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Tipografía para interfaz de usuario"
+
+#: gitk:9488
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: elegir color para %s"
+
+#: gitk:9934
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Esta versión de Tcl/Tk es demasiado antigua.\n"
+" Gitk requiere Tcl/Tk versión 8.4 o superior."
+
+#: gitk:10047
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "No hay un repositorio git aquí."
+
+#: gitk:10051
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "No hay directorio git \"%s\"."
+
+#: gitk:10098
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr ""
+"Argumento ambiguo: '%s' es tanto una revisión como un nombre de archivo"
+
+#: gitk:10110
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Argumentos incorrectos a Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:10170
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Línea de comandos"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/it.po b/gitk-git/po/it.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e89c95702c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/it.po
@@ -0,0 +1,914 @@
+# Translation of gitk
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+# Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>, 2008.
+#
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-03-13 17:34+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Italian\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Impossibile ottenere l'elenco dei file in attesa di fusione:"
+
+#: gitk:340
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Nessun file selezionato: è stata specificata l'opzione --merge ma non ci "
+"sono file in attesa di fusione."
+
+#: gitk:343
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Nessun file selezionato: è stata specificata l'opzione --merge ma i file "
+"specificati non sono in attesa di fusione."
+
+#: gitk:365 gitk:503
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Errore nell'esecuzione di git log:"
+
+#: gitk:378
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Lettura in corso"
+
+#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Lettura delle revisioni in corso..."
+
+#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Nessuna revisione selezionata"
+
+#: gitk:1399
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Impossibile elaborare i dati di git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1605
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Nessuna informazione disponibile sulle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
+#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Annulla"
+
+#: gitk:1811
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Aggiorna"
+
+#: gitk:1813
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Rileggi riferimenti"
+
+#: gitk:1814
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Elenca riferimenti"
+
+#: gitk:1815
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Esci"
+
+#: gitk:1810
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "File"
+
+#: gitk:1818
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferenze"
+
+#: gitk:1817
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Modifica"
+
+#: gitk:1821
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "Nuova vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1822
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Modifica vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1823
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Elimina vista"
+
+#: gitk:1825
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Tutti i file"
+
+#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Vista"
+
+#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Informazioni su gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1829
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera"
+
+#: gitk:1827
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Aiuto"
+
+#: gitk:1887
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:1949
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Trova"
+
+#: gitk:1950
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "succ"
+
+#: gitk:1951
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "prec"
+
+#: gitk:1952
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "revisione"
+
+#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "contenente:"
+
+#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "che riguarda i percorsi:"
+
+#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "che aggiunge/rimuove la stringa:"
+
+#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Esatto"
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Tutti i campi"
+
+#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Titolo"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Commenti"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
+#: gitk:7300
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autore"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Revisione creata da"
+
+#: gitk:2003
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Cerca"
+
+#: gitk:2010
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2012
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Vecchia versione"
+
+#: gitk:2014
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Nuova versione"
+
+#: gitk:2016
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Linee di contesto"
+
+#: gitk:2026
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignora modifiche agli spazi"
+
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Modifiche"
+
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Directory"
+
+#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Diff questo -> selezionato"
+
+#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Diff selezionato -> questo"
+
+#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Crea patch"
+
+#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Crea etichetta"
+
+#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Scrivi revisione in un file"
+
+#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Crea un nuovo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2219
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Porta questa revisione in cima al ramo attuale"
+
+#: gitk:2220
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Aggiorna il ramo HEAD a questa revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2234
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Attiva questo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2235
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Elimina questo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2242
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Evidenzia anche questo"
+
+#: gitk:2243
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Evidenzia solo questo"
+
+#: gitk:2245
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2488
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - un visualizzatore di revisioni per git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Utilizzo e redistribuzione permessi sotto i termini della GNU General Public "
+"License"
+
+#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Chiudi"
+
+#: gitk:2515
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera di Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2517
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera di Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:2519
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tEsci"
+
+#: gitk:2520
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tVai alla prima revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2521
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tVai all'ultima revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2522
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tVai più in alto di una revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2523
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tVai più in basso di una revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2524
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tTorna indietro nella cronologia"
+
+#: gitk:2525
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tVai avanti nella cronologia"
+
+#: gitk:2526
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tVai più in alto di una pagina nella lista delle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:2527
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tVai più in basso di una pagina nella lista delle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:2528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tScorri alla cima della lista delle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:2529
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tScorri alla fine della lista delle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:2530
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in alto di una riga"
+
+#: gitk:2531
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in basso di una riga"
+
+#: gitk:2532
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in alto di una pagina"
+
+#: gitk:2533
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in basso di una pagina"
+
+#: gitk:2534
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tTrova all'indietro (verso l'alto, revisioni successive)"
+
+#: gitk:2535
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tTrova in avanti (verso il basso, revisioni precedenti)"
+
+#: gitk:2536
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di una pagina"
+
+#: gitk:2537
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di una pagina"
+
+#: gitk:2538
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Space>\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in basso di una pagina"
+
+#: gitk:2539
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di 18 linee"
+
+#: gitk:2540
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in basso di 18 linee"
+
+#: gitk:2541
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tTrova"
+
+#: gitk:2542
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tTrova in avanti"
+
+#: gitk:2543
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tTrova in avanti"
+
+#: gitk:2544
+msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
+msgstr "/\t\tTrova in avanti, o cerca di nuovo"
+
+#: gitk:2545
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tTrova all'indietro"
+
+#: gitk:2546
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze al file successivo"
+
+#: gitk:2547
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tCerca in avanti nella vista delle differenze"
+
+#: gitk:2548
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tCerca all'indietro nella vista delle differenze"
+
+#: gitk:2549
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumenta grandezza carattere"
+
+#: gitk:2550
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAumenta grandezza carattere"
+
+#: gitk:2551
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDiminuisci grandezza carattere"
+
+#: gitk:2552
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tDiminuisci grandezza carattere"
+
+#: gitk:2553
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tAggiorna"
+
+#: gitk:3200
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Scelta vista Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3225
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Nome"
+
+#: gitk:3228
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Ricorda questa vista"
+
+#: gitk:3232
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Revisioni da includere (argomenti di git log):"
+
+#: gitk:3239
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Comando che genera altre revisioni da visualizzare:"
+
+#: gitk:3246
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Inserire file e directory da includere, uno per riga:"
+
+#: gitk:3293
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Errore negli argomenti di selezione delle revisioni:"
+
+#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Nessuno"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Discendente"
+
+#: gitk:3940
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "Non discendente"
+
+#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Ascendente"
+
+#: gitk:3948
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "Non ascendente"
+
+#: gitk:4187
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Modifiche locali presenti nell'indice ma non nell'archivio"
+
+#: gitk:4220
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Modifiche locali non presenti né nell'archivio né nell'indice"
+
+#: gitk:5549
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Ricerca in corso"
+
+#: gitk:6049
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Etichette:"
+
+#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Genitore"
+
+#: gitk:6077
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Figlio"
+
+#: gitk:6086
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: gitk:6089
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Segue"
+
+#: gitk:6092
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Precede"
+
+#: gitk:6378
+msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
+msgstr "Errore nella lettura delle differenze di fusione:"
+
+#: gitk:7113
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Vai a:"
+
+#: gitk:7115
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "La SHA1 id abbreviata %s è ambigua"
+
+#: gitk:7146
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "La SHA1 id %s è sconosciuta"
+
+#: gitk:7148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "L'etichetta/ramo %s è sconosciuto"
+
+#: gitk:7290
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Figli"
+
+#: gitk:7347
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Aggiorna il ramo %s a questa revisione"
+
+#: gitk:7349
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7381
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Inizio"
+
+#: gitk:7382
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "Da"
+
+#: gitk:7387
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "A"
+
+#: gitk:7410
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Genera patch"
+
+#: gitk:7412
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "Da:"
+
+#: gitk:7421
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "A:"
+
+#: gitk:7430
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Inverti"
+
+#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Scrivi sul file:"
+
+#: gitk:7438
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Genera"
+
+#: gitk:7474
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Errore nella creazione della patch:"
+
+#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7505
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Nome etichetta:"
+
+#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Crea"
+
+#: gitk:7524
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "Nessuna etichetta specificata"
+
+#: gitk:7528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "L'etichetta \"%s\" esiste già"
+
+#: gitk:7534
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Errore nella creazione dell'etichetta:"
+
+#: gitk:7604
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: gitk:7612
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Scrivi"
+
+#: gitk:7628
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Errore nella scrittura della revisione:"
+
+#: gitk:7654
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: gitk:7674
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Specificare un nome per il nuovo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:7703
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr "La revisione %s è già inclusa nel ramo %s -- applicarla di nuovo?"
+
+#: gitk:7708
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7720
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica archiviata"
+
+#: gitk:7745
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Conferma git reset"
+
+#: gitk:7747
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Aggiornare il ramo %s a %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7751
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Tipo di aggiornamento:"
+
+#: gitk:7755
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Soft: Lascia la direcory di lavoro e l'indice come sono"
+
+#: gitk:7758
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Mixed: Lascia la directory di lavoro come è, aggiorna l'indice"
+
+#: gitk:7761
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hard: Aggiorna la directory di lavoro e l'indice\n"
+"(abbandona TUTTE le modifiche locali)"
+
+#: gitk:7777
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "git reset in corso"
+
+#: gitk:7834
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Attivazione in corso"
+
+#: gitk:7885
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "Impossibile cancellare il ramo attualmente attivo"
+
+#: gitk:7891
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Le revisioni nel ramo %s non sono presenti su altri rami.\n"
+"Cancellare il ramo %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7922
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Etichette e rami: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7936
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtro"
+
+#: gitk:8230
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Errore nella lettura della topologia delle revisioni: le informazioni sul "
+"ramo e le etichette precedenti e seguenti saranno incomplete."
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etichetta"
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:9262
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Scelta caratteri gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9279
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:9282
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:9375
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferenze gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9376
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Opzioni visualizzazione dell'elenco revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:9379
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Larghezza massima del grafico (in linee)"
+
+#: gitk:9383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Larghezza massima del grafico (% del pannello)"
+
+#: gitk:9388
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Mostra modifiche locali"
+
+#: gitk:9393
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Seleziona automaticamente SHA1 hash"
+
+#: gitk:9398
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Opzioni di visualizzazione delle differenze"
+
+#: gitk:9400
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Spaziatura tabulazioni"
+
+#: gitk:9404
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Mostra etichette vicine"
+
+#: gitk:9409
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Limita le differenze ai percorsi elencati"
+
+#: gitk:9414
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9421
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9423
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9428
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Colori: premere per scegliere"
+
+#: gitk:9431
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Sfondo"
+
+#: gitk:9435
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Primo piano"
+
+#: gitk:9439
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: vecchie linee"
+
+#: gitk:9444
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: nuove linee"
+
+#: gitk:9449
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: intestazione della sezione"
+
+#: gitk:9455
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Sfondo selezione"
+
+#: gitk:9459
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Carattere: premere per scegliere"
+
+#: gitk:9461
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Carattere principale"
+
+#: gitk:9462
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Carattere per differenze"
+
+#: gitk:9463
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Carattere per interfaccia utente"
+
+#: gitk:9488
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: scegliere un colore per %s"
+
+#: gitk:9934
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Questa versione di Tcl/Tk non può avviare gitk.\n"
+" Gitk richiede Tcl/Tk versione 8.4 o superiore."
+
+#: gitk:10047
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Archivio git non trovato."
+
+#: gitk:10051
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Directory git \"%s\" non trovata."
+
+#: gitk:10098
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "Argomento ambiguo: '%s' è sia revisione che nome di file"
+
+#: gitk:10110
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Gitk: argomenti errati:"
+
+#: gitk:10170
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Linea di comando"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/po2msg.sh b/gitk-git/po/po2msg.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c63248e375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/po2msg.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
+exec tclsh "$0" -- "$@"
+
+# This is a really stupid program, which serves as an alternative to
+# msgfmt.  It _only_ translates to Tcl mode, does _not_ validate the
+# input, and does _not_ output any statistics.
+
+proc u2a {s} {
+	set res ""
+	foreach i [split $s ""] {
+		scan $i %c c
+		if {$c<128} {
+			# escape '[', '\' and ']'
+			if {$c == 0x5b || $c == 0x5d} {
+				append res "\\"
+			}
+			append res $i
+		} else {
+			append res \\u[format %04.4x $c]
+		}
+	}
+	return $res
+}
+
+set output_directory "."
+set lang "dummy"
+set files [list]
+set show_statistics 0
+
+# parse options
+for {set i 0} {$i < $argc} {incr i} {
+	set arg [lindex $argv $i]
+	if {$arg == "--statistics"} {
+		incr show_statistics
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "--tcl"} {
+		# we know
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "-l"} {
+		incr i
+		set lang [lindex $argv $i]
+		continue
+	}
+	if {$arg == "-d"} {
+		incr i
+		set tmp [lindex $argv $i]
+		regsub "\[^/\]$" $tmp "&/" output_directory
+		continue
+	}
+	lappend files $arg
+}
+
+proc flush_msg {} {
+	global msgid msgstr mode lang out fuzzy
+	global translated_count fuzzy_count not_translated_count
+
+	if {![info exists msgid] || $mode == ""} {
+		return
+	}
+	set mode ""
+	if {$fuzzy == 1} {
+		incr fuzzy_count
+		set fuzzy 0
+		return
+	}
+
+	if {$msgid == ""} {
+		set prefix "set ::msgcat::header"
+	} else {
+		if {$msgstr == ""} {
+			incr not_translated_count
+			return
+		}
+		set prefix "::msgcat::mcset $lang \"[u2a $msgid]\""
+		incr translated_count
+	}
+
+	puts $out "$prefix \"[u2a $msgstr]\""
+}
+
+set fuzzy 0
+set translated_count 0
+set fuzzy_count 0
+set not_translated_count 0
+foreach file $files {
+	regsub "^.*/\(\[^/\]*\)\.po$" $file "$output_directory\\1.msg" outfile
+	set in [open $file "r"]
+	fconfigure $in -encoding utf-8
+	set out [open $outfile "w"]
+
+	set mode ""
+	while {[gets $in line] >= 0} {
+		if {[regexp "^#" $line]} {
+			if {[regexp ", fuzzy" $line]} {
+				set fuzzy 1
+			} else {
+				flush_msg
+			}
+			continue
+		} elseif {[regexp "^msgid \"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			flush_msg
+			set msgid $match
+			set mode "msgid"
+		} elseif {[regexp "^msgstr \"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			set msgstr $match
+			set mode "msgstr"
+		} elseif {$line == ""} {
+			flush_msg
+		} elseif {[regexp "^\"(.*)\"$" $line dummy match]} {
+			if {$mode == "msgid"} {
+				append msgid $match
+			} elseif {$mode == "msgstr"} {
+				append msgstr $match
+			} else {
+				puts stderr "I do not know what to do: $match"
+			}
+		} else {
+			puts stderr "Cannot handle $line"
+		}
+	}
+	flush_msg
+	close $in
+	close $out
+}
+
+if {$show_statistics} {
+	puts [concat "$translated_count translated messages, " \
+		"$fuzzy_count fuzzy ones, " \
+		"$not_translated_count untranslated ones."]
+}
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ru.po b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..704eba8f9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1085 @@
+#
+# Translation of gitk to Russian.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно получить �пи�ок файлов незавершённой операции �ли�ни�:"
+
+#: gitk:268
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Ошибка в идентификаторе вер�ии:"
+
+#: gitk:323
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� команды заданой --argscmd:"
+
+#: gitk:336
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но не было найдено ни одного файла "
+"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+
+#: gitk:339
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указаного "
+"ограничени� на имена файлов нет ни одного "
+"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+
+#: gitk:361 gitk:508
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git log:"
+
+#: gitk:379
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Чтение"
+
+#: gitk:439 gitk:4021
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Чтение вер�ий..."
+
+#: gitk:442 gitk:1560 gitk:4024
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "�ичего не выбрано"
+
+#: gitk:1436
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Ошибка обработки вывода команды git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1656
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "�ет информации о �о�то�нии"
+
+#: gitk:1791 gitk:1815 gitk:3814 gitk:8478 gitk:10014 gitk:10186
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: gitk:1817 gitk:3816 gitk:8078 gitk:8152 gitk:8259 gitk:8308 gitk:8480
+#: gitk:10015 gitk:10187
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Отмена"
+
+#: gitk:1915
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Обновить"
+
+#: gitk:1916
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "Перечитать"
+
+#: gitk:1917
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Обновить �пи�ок ��ылок"
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Спи�ок ��ылок"
+
+#: gitk:1920
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "Запу�тить git gui"
+
+#: gitk:1922
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Завершить"
+
+#: gitk:1914
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Файл"
+
+#: gitk:1925
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки"
+
+#: gitk:1924
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Редактировать"
+
+#: gitk:1928
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "�овое пред�тавление..."
+
+#: gitk:1929
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Редактировать пред�тавление..."
+
+#: gitk:1930
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Удалить пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:1932
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "В�е файлы"
+
+#: gitk:1927 gitk:3626
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:1935 gitk:2609
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "О gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1936
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры"
+
+#: gitk:1934
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Под�казка"
+
+#: gitk:1994
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1:"
+
+#: gitk:2025
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Строка"
+
+#: gitk:2056
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Пои�к"
+
+#: gitk:2057
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "След."
+
+#: gitk:2058
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "Пред."
+
+#: gitk:2059
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "�о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2062 gitk:2064 gitk:4179 gitk:4202 gitk:4226 gitk:6164 gitk:6236
+#: gitk:6320
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "�одержащее:"
+
+#: gitk:2065 gitk:3117 gitk:3122 gitk:4254
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "ка�ательно файлов:"
+
+#: gitk:2066 gitk:4259
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "добавив/удалив �троку:"
+
+#: gitk:2075 gitk:2077
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Точно"
+
+#: gitk:2077 gitk:4334 gitk:6132
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "Игнорировать большие/маленькие"
+
+#: gitk:2077 gitk:4228 gitk:4332 gitk:6128
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Регул�рные выражени�"
+
+#: gitk:2079 gitk:2080 gitk:4353 gitk:4383 gitk:4390 gitk:6256 gitk:6324
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Во в�ех пол�х"
+
+#: gitk:2080 gitk:4351 gitk:4383 gitk:6195
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Заголовок"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6324 gitk:6737
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Комментарии"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:4355 gitk:4390 gitk:6195 gitk:6672 gitk:7923
+#: gitk:7938
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "�втор"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6674
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Сохранивший �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2110
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "�айти"
+
+#: gitk:2117
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Сравнить"
+
+#: gitk:2119
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Стара� вер�и�"
+
+#: gitk:2121
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "�ова� вер�и�"
+
+#: gitk:2123
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Строк контек�та"
+
+#: gitk:2133
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Игнорировать пробелы"
+
+#: gitk:2191
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Патч"
+
+#: gitk:2193
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Файлы"
+
+#: gitk:2326 gitk:2339
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Сравнить �то �о�то�ние � выделеным"
+
+#: gitk:2327 gitk:2340
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Сравнить выделеное � �тим �о�то�нием"
+
+#: gitk:2328 gitk:2341
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Создать патч"
+
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:8136
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Создать метку"
+
+#: gitk:2330 gitk:8239
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Сохранить изменени� в файл"
+
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:8296
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Создать ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2332
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Скопировать �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2333
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "У�тановить HEAD на �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2347
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Перейти на �ту ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2348
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Удалить �ту ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2355
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Под�ветить �тот тоже"
+
+#: gitk:2356
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Под�ветить только �тот"
+
+#: gitk:2357
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Программа �равнени�"
+
+#: gitk:2358
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "�ннотировать родитель�кое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2365
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Показать и�точник �той �троки"
+
+#: gitk:2366
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Запу�тить git gui blame дл� �той �троки"
+
+#: gitk:2611
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - программа про�мотра и�тории репозиториев Git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"И�пользование и ра�про�транение �огла�но у�лови�м GNU General Public License"
+
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2681 gitk:8661
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Закрыть"
+
+#: gitk:2638
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2641
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:2643
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tЗавершить"
+
+#: gitk:2644
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tПерейти к первому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2645
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tПерейти к по�леднему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2646
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tПерейти к �ледующему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2647
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tПерейти к предыдущему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2648
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tПоказать ранее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tПоказать �ледующее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tПерейти на �траницу выше в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2651
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tПерейти на �траницу ниже в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2652
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tПоказать начало �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2653
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tПоказать конец �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2654
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2655
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2656
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2657
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2658
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr ""
+"<Shift-Up>\tПои�к в обратном пор�дке (вверх, �реди новых �о�то�ний)"
+
+#: gitk:2659
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tПои�к (вниз, �реди �тарых �о�то�ний)"
+
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
+
+#: gitk:2661
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
+
+#: gitk:2662
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Leertaste>\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу ниже"
+
+#: gitk:2663
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2664
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2665
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tПои�к"
+
+#: gitk:2666
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к �ледующему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2667
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к �ледующему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tПерейти к полю пои�ка"
+
+#: gitk:2669
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2670
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений к �ледующему файлу"
+
+#: gitk:2671
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tПродолжить пои�к в �пи�ке изменений"
+
+#: gitk:2672
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому тек�ту в �пи�ке изменений"
+
+#: gitk:2673
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2674
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2675
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2676
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2677
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tОбновить"
+
+#: gitk:3132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� \"%s\" из %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3189 gitk:3198
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� временного каталога %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3211
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "ошибка выполнени� команды:"
+
+#: gitk:3357
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние не найдено"
+
+#: gitk:3371
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: ошибка выполнени� команды:"
+
+#: gitk:3402
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка чтени� MERGE_HEAD: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3410
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка чтени� индек�а: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3435
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3438 gitk:6163
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Пои�к"
+
+#: gitk:3470
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3498
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+"Эта �трока принадлежит �о�то�нию %s, которое не показано в �том "
+"пред�тавлении"
+
+#: gitk:3512
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �равнени�:"
+
+#: gitk:3630
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Gitk определение пред�тавлений"
+
+#: gitk:3634
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Запомнить пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:3635
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Включить �о�то�ни� (аргументы дл� git-log):"
+
+#: gitk:3636
+msgid "Use all refs"
+msgstr "И�пользовать в�е ветви"
+
+#: gitk:3637
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Строга� �ортировка по дате"
+
+#: gitk:3638
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Отметить �тороны ветвей"
+
+#: gitk:3639
+msgid "Since date:"
+msgstr "С даты:"
+
+#: gitk:3640
+msgid "Until date:"
+msgstr "По дату:"
+
+#: gitk:3641
+msgid "Max count:"
+msgstr "Мак�. количе�тво:"
+
+#: gitk:3642
+msgid "Skip:"
+msgstr "Пропу�тить:"
+
+#: gitk:3643
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Ограничить первым предком"
+
+#: gitk:3644
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Дополнительна� команда дл� �пи�ка �о�то�ний:"
+
+#: gitk:3753
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Им�"
+
+#: gitk:3801
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Файлы и каталоги дл� ограничени� и�тории, по одному на �троку:"
+
+#: gitk:3815
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Применить (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3853
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Ошибка в параметрах выбора �о�то�ний:"
+
+#: gitk:3906 gitk:3958 gitk:4403 gitk:4417 gitk:5675 gitk:10867 gitk:10868
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "�и одного"
+
+#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:7925 gitk:7940
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Дата"
+
+#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "Дата ввода"
+
+#: gitk:4500 gitk:4505
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Порождённое"
+
+#: gitk:4501
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "�е порождённое"
+
+#: gitk:4508 gitk:4513
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Предок"
+
+#: gitk:4509
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "�е предок"
+
+#: gitk:4799
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Изменени� зареги�трированные в индек�е, но не �охранённые"
+
+#: gitk:4835
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Изменени� в рабочем каталоге, не зареги�трированные в индек�е"
+
+#: gitk:6676
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Таги:"
+
+#: gitk:6693 gitk:6699 gitk:7918
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Предок"
+
+#: gitk:6704
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Потомок"
+
+#: gitk:6713
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:6716
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Следует за"
+
+#: gitk:6719
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Предше�твует"
+
+#: gitk:7212
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� изменений: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7751
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Перейти к:"
+
+#: gitk:7753
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7772
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "Сокращённый SHA1 идентификатор %s неоднозначен"
+
+#: gitk:7784
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "SHA1 идентификатор %s не найден"
+
+#: gitk:7786
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "Метка или ветвь %s не найдена"
+
+#: gitk:7928
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Потомки"
+
+#: gitk:7985
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:7987
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние не принадлежит ни одной ветви, переход невозможен"
+
+#: gitk:8019
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Верх"
+
+#: gitk:8020
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "От"
+
+#: gitk:8025
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "До"
+
+#: gitk:8049
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Создать патч"
+
+#: gitk:8051
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "От:"
+
+#: gitk:8060
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "До:"
+
+#: gitk:8069
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "В обратном пор�дке"
+
+#: gitk:8071 gitk:8253
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Файл дл� �охранени�:"
+
+#: gitk:8077
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Создать"
+
+#: gitk:8115
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� патча:"
+
+#: gitk:8138 gitk:8241 gitk:8298
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:8147
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Им� метки:"
+
+#: gitk:8151 gitk:8307
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Создать"
+
+#: gitk:8168
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "�е задано им� метки"
+
+#: gitk:8172
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "Метка \"%s\" уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: gitk:8178
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� метки:"
+
+#: gitk:8250
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Команда:"
+
+#: gitk:8258
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Запи�ь"
+
+#: gitk:8276
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �охранени� �о�то�ни�:"
+
+#: gitk:8303
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Им�:"
+
+#: gitk:8326
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Укажите им� дл� новой ветви"
+
+#: gitk:8331
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует. Перепи�ать?"
+
+#: gitk:8397
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Со�то�ние %s уже принадлежит ветви %s. Продолжить операцию?"
+
+#: gitk:8402
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Копирование изменений"
+
+#: gitk:8411
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Копирование невозможно из-за изменений в файле '%s'.\n"
+"Сохраните или отмените изменени� и повторите операцию."
+
+#: gitk:8417
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Копирование изменений невозможно из-за незавершённой операции "
+"�ли�ни�.\nЗапу�тить git citool дл� завершени� �той операции?"
+
+#: gitk:8433
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Изменени� не �охранены"
+
+#: gitk:8459
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Подтвердите операцию перехода"
+
+#: gitk:8461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �о�то�ние %s?"
+
+#: gitk:8465
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Тип операции перехода:"
+
+#: gitk:8469
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Лёгкий: о�тавить рабочий каталог и индек� неизменными"
+
+#: gitk:8472
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr ""
+"Смешаный: о�тавить рабочий каталог неизменным, у�тановить индек�"
+
+#: gitk:8475
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Же�ткий: перепи�ать индек� и рабочий каталог\n"
+"(в�е изменени� в рабочем каталоги будут потер�ны)"
+
+#: gitk:8492
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "У�тановка"
+
+#: gitk:8549
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Переход"
+
+#: gitk:8602
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "�ктивна� ветвь не может быть удалена"
+
+#: gitk:8608
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Со�то�ни� ветви %s больше не принадлежат никакой другой ветви.\n"
+"Дей�твительно удалить ветвь %s?"
+
+#: gitk:8639
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Метки и ветви: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8654
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Фильтровать"
+
+#: gitk:8949
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка чтени� и�тории проекта; информаци� о ветв�х и �о�то�ни�х "
+"вокруг меток (до/по�ле) может быть неполной."
+
+#: gitk:9935
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Метка"
+
+#: gitk:9935
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:9983
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Шрифт Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10000
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "Ж"
+
+#: gitk:10003
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "К"
+
+#: gitk:10098
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10100
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Параметры показа �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:10103
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (�трок)"
+
+#: gitk:10107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (% ширины панели)"
+
+#: gitk:10111
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Показывать изменени� в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: gitk:10114
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Выделить SHA1"
+
+#: gitk:10118
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Параметры показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10120
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Ширина табул�ции"
+
+#: gitk:10123
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Показывать близкие метки"
+
+#: gitk:10126
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Ограничить показ изменений выбраными файлами"
+
+#: gitk:10129
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Поддержка кодировок в отдельных файлах"
+
+#: gitk:10135
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Программа дл� показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10137
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Выберите..."
+
+#: gitk:10142
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Цвета: нажмите дл� выбора"
+
+#: gitk:10145
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Фон"
+
+#: gitk:10146 gitk:10176
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "фон"
+
+#: gitk:10149
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Передний план"
+
+#: gitk:10150
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "передний план"
+
+#: gitk:10153
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Изменени�: �тарый тек�т"
+
+#: gitk:10154
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "�тарый тек�т изменени�"
+
+#: gitk:10158
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Изменени�: новый тек�т"
+
+#: gitk:10159
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "новый тек�т изменени�"
+
+#: gitk:10163
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Изменени�: заголовок блока"
+
+#: gitk:10165
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "заголовок блока изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10169
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Фон выбраной �троки"
+
+#: gitk:10171
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "фон выбраной �троки"
+
+#: gitk:10175
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Выберите фон"
+
+#: gitk:10179
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Шрифт: нажмите дл� выбора"
+
+#: gitk:10181
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "О�новной шрифт"
+
+#: gitk:10182
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Шрифт показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10183
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Шрифт интерфей�а"
+
+#: gitk:10210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: выберите цвет дл� %s"
+
+#: gitk:10656
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"К �ожалению gitk не может работать � �той вер�ий Tcl/Tk.\n"
+"Требует�� как минимум Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:10773
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Git-репозитарий не найден в текущем каталоге."
+
+#: gitk:10777
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Git-репозитарий \"%s\" не найден."
+
+#: gitk:10824
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "�еоднозначный аргумент '%s': �уще�твует как вер�и� и им� файла"
+
+#: gitk:10836
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "�еправильные аргументы дл� gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:10896
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Командна� �трока"
+
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..947b53f6b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -0,0 +1,923 @@
+# Swedish translation for gitk
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+#
+# Peter Karlsson <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008.
+# Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-08-03 19:03+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Swedish <sv@li.org>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Kunde inta hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
+
+#: gitk:340
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
+"slagits samman."
+
+#: gitk:343
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
+"filbegränsningen."
+
+#: gitk:365 gitk:503
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
+
+#: gitk:378
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Läser"
+
+#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
+
+#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
+
+#: gitk:1399
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1605
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
+
+#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
+#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Avbryt"
+
+#: gitk:1811
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Uppdatera"
+
+#: gitk:1812
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "Ladda om"
+
+#: gitk:1813
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Läs om referenser"
+
+#: gitk:1814
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Visa referenser"
+
+#: gitk:1815
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Avsluta"
+
+#: gitk:1810
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Arkiv"
+
+#: gitk:1818
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar"
+
+#: gitk:1817
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Redigera"
+
+#: gitk:1821
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "Ny vy..."
+
+#: gitk:1822
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Ändra vy..."
+
+#: gitk:1823
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Ta bort vy"
+
+#: gitk:1825
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Alla filer"
+
+#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Visa"
+
+#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Om gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1829
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
+
+#: gitk:1827
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hjälp"
+
+#: gitk:1887
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1-id: "
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Rad"
+
+#: gitk:1949
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Sök"
+
+#: gitk:1950
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "nästa"
+
+#: gitk:1951
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "föreg"
+
+#: gitk:1952
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "som innehåller:"
+
+#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
+
+#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
+
+#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exakt"
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "IgnVersaler"
+
+#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Reg.uttr."
+
+#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Alla fält"
+
+#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Rubrik"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Kommentarer"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
+#: gitk:7300
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Författare"
+
+#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Incheckare"
+
+#: gitk:2003
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Sök"
+
+#: gitk:2010
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diff"
+
+#: gitk:2012
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Gammal version"
+
+#: gitk:2014
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Ny version"
+
+#: gitk:2016
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
+
+#: gitk:2026
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
+
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Patch"
+
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Träd"
+
+#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
+
+#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
+
+#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Skapa patch"
+
+#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Skapa tagg"
+
+#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
+
+#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
+
+#: gitk:2219
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2220
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
+
+#: gitk:2234
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
+
+#: gitk:2235
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
+
+#: gitk:2242
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Markera även detta"
+
+#: gitk:2243
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Markera bara detta"
+
+#: gitk:2244
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Extern diff"
+
+#: gitk:2245
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2488
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - en incheckningsvisare för git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
+
+#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Stäng"
+
+#: gitk:2515
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2517
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:2519
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
+
+#: gitk:2520
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2521
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tGÃ¥ till sista incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2522
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Upp>, p, i\tGÃ¥ en incheckning upp"
+
+#: gitk:2523
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Ned>, n, k\tGÃ¥ en incheckning ned"
+
+#: gitk:2524
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Vänster>, z, j\tGå bakåt i historiken"
+
+#: gitk:2525
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
+
+#: gitk:2526
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tGÃ¥ upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
+
+#: gitk:2527
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tGÃ¥ ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
+
+#: gitk:2528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
+
+#: gitk:2529
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
+
+#: gitk:2530
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
+
+#: gitk:2531
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
+
+#: gitk:2532
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
+
+#: gitk:2533
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
+
+#: gitk:2534
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
+
+#: gitk:2535
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
+
+#: gitk:2536
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
+
+#: gitk:2537
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
+
+#: gitk:2538
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
+
+#: gitk:2539
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
+
+#: gitk:2540
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
+
+#: gitk:2541
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
+
+#: gitk:2542
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
+
+#: gitk:2543
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
+
+#: gitk:2544
+msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
+msgstr "/\t\tGå till nästa sökträff, eller sök på nytt"
+
+#: gitk:2545
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
+
+#: gitk:2546
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
+
+#: gitk:2547
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
+
+#: gitk:2548
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
+
+#: gitk:2549
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
+
+#: gitk:2550
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
+
+#: gitk:2551
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
+
+#: gitk:2552
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
+
+#: gitk:2553
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
+
+#: gitk:3200
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
+
+#: gitk:3225
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Namn"
+
+#: gitk:3228
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Spara denna vy"
+
+#: gitk:3232
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Incheckningar att ta med (argument till git log):"
+
+#: gitk:3239
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
+
+#: gitk:3246
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
+
+#: gitk:3293
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
+
+#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Inget"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "Skapat datum"
+
+#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Avkomling"
+
+#: gitk:3940
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "Inte avkomling"
+
+#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Förfader"
+
+#: gitk:3948
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "Inte förfader"
+
+#: gitk:4187
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
+
+#: gitk:4220
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
+
+#: gitk:5549
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Söker"
+
+#: gitk:6049
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Taggar:"
+
+#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Förälder"
+
+#: gitk:6077
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Barn"
+
+#: gitk:6086
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Gren"
+
+#: gitk:6089
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Följer"
+
+#: gitk:6092
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Föregår"
+
+#: gitk:6378
+msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
+msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av sammanslagningsdiff:"
+
+#: gitk:7113
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "GÃ¥ till:"
+
+#: gitk:7115
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1-id:"
+
+#: gitk:7134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
+
+#: gitk:7146
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
+
+#: gitk:7148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "Tagg/huvud %s är okänt"
+
+#: gitk:7290
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Barn"
+
+#: gitk:7347
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
+
+#: gitk:7349
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
+
+#: gitk:7381
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Topp"
+
+#: gitk:7382
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "Från"
+
+#: gitk:7387
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "Till"
+
+#: gitk:7410
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Generera patch"
+
+#: gitk:7412
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "Från:"
+
+#: gitk:7421
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "Till:"
+
+#: gitk:7430
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Vänd"
+
+#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Utdatafil:"
+
+#: gitk:7438
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Generera"
+
+#: gitk:7474
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
+
+#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "Id:"
+
+#: gitk:7505
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Taggnamn:"
+
+#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Skapa"
+
+#: gitk:7524
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
+
+#: gitk:7528
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
+
+#: gitk:7534
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
+
+#: gitk:7604
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: gitk:7612
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Skriv"
+
+#: gitk:7628
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
+
+#: gitk:7654
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Namn:"
+
+#: gitk:7674
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
+
+#: gitk:7703
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
+"på nytt?"
+
+#: gitk:7708
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Plockar"
+
+#: gitk:7720
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
+
+#: gitk:7745
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
+
+#: gitk:7747
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7751
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
+
+#: gitk:7755
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
+
+#: gitk:7758
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
+
+#: gitk:7761
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
+"(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
+
+#: gitk:7777
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "Återställer"
+
+#: gitk:7834
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Checkar ut"
+
+#: gitk:7885
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
+
+#: gitk:7891
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
+"Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
+
+#: gitk:7922
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7936
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filter"
+
+#: gitk:8230
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
+"grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tagg"
+
+#: gitk:9216
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:9262
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9279
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "F"
+
+#: gitk:9282
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "K"
+
+#: gitk:9375
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:9376
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
+
+#: gitk:9379
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
+
+#: gitk:9383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
+
+#: gitk:9388
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
+
+#: gitk:9393
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Välj SHA1 automatiskt"
+
+#: gitk:9398
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
+
+#: gitk:9400
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
+
+#: gitk:9404
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar"
+
+#: gitk:9409
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
+
+#: gitk:9414
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9421
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
+
+#: gitk:9423
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Välj..."
+
+#: gitk:9428
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
+
+#: gitk:9431
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Bakgrund"
+
+#: gitk:9435
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Förgrund"
+
+#: gitk:9439
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
+
+#: gitk:9444
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
+
+#: gitk:9449
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
+
+#: gitk:9455
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
+
+#: gitk:9459
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
+
+#: gitk:9461
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
+
+#: gitk:9462
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
+
+#: gitk:9463
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
+
+#: gitk:9488
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
+
+#: gitk:9934
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Gitk kan tyvärr inte köra med denna version av Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk kräver åtminstone Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:10047
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Hittar inget gitk-arkiv här."
+
+#: gitk:10051
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
+
+#: gitk:10098
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
+
+#: gitk:10110
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:10170
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Kommandorad"
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index 6328e26f56..18c9ce35e8 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -29,40 +29,40 @@ Build time configuration
 See also "How to configure gitweb for your local system" in README
 file for gitweb (in gitweb/README).
 
-- There are many configuration variables which affects building of
+- There are many configuration variables which affect building of
   gitweb.cgi; see "default configuration for gitweb" section in main
   (top dir) Makefile, and instructions for building gitweb/gitweb.cgi
   target.
 
-  One of most important is where to find git wrapper binary. Gitweb
-  tries to find git wrapper at $(bindir)/git, so you have to set $bindir
+  One of the most important is where to find the git wrapper binary. Gitweb
+  tries to find the git wrapper at $(bindir)/git, so you have to set $bindir
   when building gitweb.cgi, or $prefix from which $bindir is derived. If
-  you build and install gitweb together with the rest of git suite,
+  you build and install gitweb together with the rest of the git suite,
   there should be no problems. Otherwise, if git was for example
   installed from a binary package, you have to set $prefix (or $bindir)
   accordingly.
 
 - Another important issue is where are git repositories you want to make
-  available to gitweb. By default gitweb search for repositories under
+  available to gitweb. By default gitweb searches for repositories under
   /pub/git; if you want to have projects somewhere else, like /home/git,
   use GITWEB_PROJECTROOT build configuration variable.
 
   By default all git repositories under projectroot are visible and
-  available to gitweb. List of projects is generated by default by
+  available to gitweb. The list of projects is generated by default by
   scanning the projectroot directory for git repositories. This can be
   changed (configured) as described in "Gitweb repositories" section
   below.
 
-  Note that gitweb deals directly with object database, and does not
-  need working directory; the name of the project is the name of its
+  Note that gitweb deals directly with the object database, and does not
+  need a working directory; the name of the project is the name of its
   repository object database, usually projectname.git for bare
   repositories. If you want to provide gitweb access to non-bare (live)
-  repository, you can make projectname.git symbolic link under
+  repositories, you can make projectname.git a symbolic link under
   projectroot linking to projectname/.git (but it is just
   a suggestion).
 
 - You can control where gitweb tries to find its main CSS style file,
-  its favicon and logo with GITWEB_CSS, GITWEB_FAVICON and GITWEB_LOGO
+  its favicon and logo with the GITWEB_CSS, GITWEB_FAVICON and GITWEB_LOGO
   build configuration variables. By default gitweb tries to find them
   in the same directory as gitweb.cgi script.
 
@@ -91,13 +91,17 @@ Gitweb config file
 See also "Runtime gitweb configuration" section in README file
 for gitweb (in gitweb/README).
 
-- You can configure gitweb further using gitweb configuration file;
-  by default it is file named gitweb_config.perl in the same place as
-  gitweb.cgi script. You can control default place for config file
-  using GITWEB_CONFIG build configuration variable, and you can set it
-  using GITWEB_CONFIG environmental variable.
-
-- Gitweb config file is [fragment] of perl code. You can set variables
+- You can configure gitweb further using the gitweb configuration file;
+  by default this is a file named gitweb_config.perl in the same place as
+  gitweb.cgi script. You can control the default place for the config file
+  using the GITWEB_CONFIG build configuration variable, and you can set it
+  using the GITWEB_CONFIG environment variable. If this file does not
+  exist, gitweb looks for a system-wide configuration file, normally
+  /etc/gitweb.conf. You can change the default using the
+  GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM build configuration variable, and override it
+  through the GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM environment variable.
+
+- The gitweb config file is a fragment of perl code. You can set variables
   using "our $variable = value"; text from "#" character until the end
   of a line is ignored. See perlsyn(1) for details.
 
@@ -116,7 +120,7 @@ GITWEB_CONFIG file:
 	$feature{'pickaxe'}{'default'} = [1];
 	$feature{'pickaxe'}{'override'} = 1;
 
-	$feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = ['x-gzip', 'gz', 'gzip'];
+	$feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = ['zip', 'tgz'];
 	$feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 1;
 
 
@@ -124,36 +128,64 @@ Gitweb repositories
 -------------------
 
 - By default all git repositories under projectroot are visible and
-  available to gitweb. List of projects is generated by default by
+  available to gitweb. The list of projects is generated by default by
   scanning the projectroot directory for git repositories (for object
   databases to be more exact).
 
-  You can provide pre-generated list of [visible] repositories,
+  You can provide a pre-generated list of [visible] repositories,
   together with information about their owners (the project ownership
-  is taken from owner of repository directory otherwise), by setting
-  GITWEB_LIST build configuration variable (or $projects_list variable
-  in gitweb config file) to point to a plain file.
-
-  Each line of projects list file should consist of url-encoded path
-  to project repository database (relative to projectroot) separated
-  by space from url-encoded project owner; spaces in both project path
-  and project owner have to be encoded as either '%20' or '+'.
-
-  You can generate projects list index file using project_index action
-  (the 'TXT' link on projects list page) directly from gitweb.
-
-- By default even if project is not visible on projects list page, you
-  can view it nevertheless by hand-crafting gitweb URL. You can set
-  GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT build configuration variable (or $strict_export
-  variable in gitweb config file) to only allow viewing of
+  defaults to the owner of the repository directory otherwise), by setting
+  the GITWEB_LIST build configuration variable (or the $projects_list
+  variable in the gitweb config file) to point to a plain file.
+
+  Each line of the projects list file should consist of the url-encoded path
+  to the project repository database (relative to projectroot), followed
+  by the url-encoded project owner on the same line (separated by a space).
+  Spaces in both project path and project owner have to be encoded as either
+  '%20' or '+'.
+
+  Other characters that have to be url-encoded, i.e. replaced by '%'
+  followed by two-digit character number in octal, are: other whitespace
+  characters (because they are field separator in a record), plus sign '+'
+  (because it can be used as replacement for spaces), and percent sign '%'
+  (which is used for encoding / escaping).
+
+  You can generate the projects list index file using the project_index
+  action (the 'TXT' link on projects list page) directly from gitweb.
+
+- By default, even if a project is not visible on projects list page, you
+  can view it nevertheless by hand-crafting a gitweb URL. You can set the
+  GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT build configuration variable (or the $strict_export
+  variable in the gitweb config file) to only allow viewing of
   repositories also shown on the overview page.
 
 - Alternatively, you can configure gitweb to only list and allow
-  viewing of the explicitly exported repositories, via
-  GITWEB_EXPORT_OK build configuration variable (or $export_ok
+  viewing of the explicitly exported repositories, via the
+  GITWEB_EXPORT_OK build configuration variable (or the $export_ok
   variable in gitweb config file). If it evaluates to true, gitweb
-  show repository only if this file exists in its object database
-  (if directory has the magic file $export_ok).
+  shows repositories only if this file exists in its object database
+  (if directory has the magic file named $export_ok).
+
+- Finally, it is possible to specify an arbitrary perl subroutine that
+  will be called for each project to determine if it can be exported.
+  The subroutine receives an absolute path to the project as its only
+  parameter.
+
+  For example, if you use mod_perl to run the script, and have dumb
+  http protocol authentication configured for your repositories, you
+  can use the following hook to allow access only if the user is
+  authorized to read the files:
+
+    $export_auth_hook = sub {
+        use Apache2::SubRequest ();
+        use Apache2::Const -compile => qw(HTTP_OK);
+        my $path = "$_[0]/HEAD";
+        my $r    = Apache2::RequestUtil->request;
+        my $sub  = $r->lookup_file($path);
+        return $sub->filename eq $path
+            && $sub->status == Apache2::Const::HTTP_OK;
+    };
+
 
 Generating projects list using gitweb
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/gitweb/README b/gitweb/README
index e02e90f042..9056d1e090 100644
--- a/gitweb/README
+++ b/gitweb/README
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ GIT web Interface
 =================
 
 The one working on:
-  http://www.kernel.org/git/
+  http://git.kernel.org/
 
 From the git version 1.4.0 gitweb is bundled with git.
 
@@ -10,40 +10,283 @@ From the git version 1.4.0 gitweb is bundled with git.
 How to configure gitweb for your local system
 ---------------------------------------------
 
+See also the "Build time configuration" section in the INSTALL
+file for gitweb (in gitweb/INSTALL).
+
 You can specify the following configuration variables when building GIT:
+ * GIT_BINDIR
+   Points where to find the git executable.  You should set it up to
+   the place where the git binary was installed (usually /usr/bin) if you
+   don't install git from sources together with gitweb.  [Default: $(bindir)]
  * GITWEB_SITENAME
-   Shown in the title of all generated pages, defaults to the servers name.
+   Shown in the title of all generated pages, defaults to the server name
+   (SERVER_NAME CGI environment variable) if not set. [No default]
  * GITWEB_PROJECTROOT
-   The root directory for all projects shown by gitweb.
+   The root directory for all projects shown by gitweb. Must be set
+   correctly for gitweb to find repositories to display.  See also
+   "Gitweb repositories" in the INSTALL file for gitweb.  [Default: /pub/git]
+ * GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH
+   The filesystem traversing limit for getting the project list; the number
+   is taken as depth relative to the projectroot.  It is used when
+   GITWEB_LIST is a directory (or is not set; then project root is used).
+   Is is meant to speed up project listing on large work trees by limiting
+   search depth.  [Default: 2007]
  * GITWEB_LIST
-   points to a directory to scan for projects (defaults to project root)
-   or to a file for explicit listing of projects.
+   Points to a directory to scan for projects (defaults to project root
+   if not set / if empty) or to a file with explicit listing of projects
+   (together with projects' ownership). See "Generating projects list
+   using gitweb" in INSTALL file for gitweb to find out how to generate
+   such file from scan of a directory. [No default, which means use root
+   directory for projects]
+ * GITWEB_EXPORT_OK
+   Show repository only if this file exists (in repository).  Only
+   effective if this variable evaluates to true.  [No default / Not set]
+ * GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT
+   Only allow viewing of repositories also shown on the overview page.
+   This for example makes GITWEB_EXPORT_OK to decide if repository is
+   available and not only if it is shown.  If GITWEB_LIST points to
+   file with list of project, only those repositories listed would be
+   available for gitweb.  [No default]
  * GITWEB_HOMETEXT
-   points to an .html file which is included on the gitweb project
-   overview page.
+   Points to an .html file which is included on the gitweb project
+   overview page ('projects_list' view), if it exists.  Relative to
+   gitweb.cgi script.  [Default: indextext.html]
+ * GITWEB_SITE_HEADER
+   Filename of html text to include at top of each page.  Relative to
+   gitweb.cgi script.  [No default]
+ * GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER
+   Filename of html text to include at bottom of each page.  Relative to
+   gitweb.cgi script.  [No default]
+ * GITWEB_HOME_LINK_STR
+   String of the home link on top of all pages, leading to $home_link
+   (usually main gitweb page, which means projects list).  Used as first
+   part of gitweb view "breadcrumb trail": <home> / <project> / <view>.
+   [Default: projects]
+ * GITWEB_SITENAME
+   Name of your site or organization to appear in page titles.  Set it
+   to something descriptive for clearer bookmarks etc.  If not set
+   (if empty) gitweb uses "$SERVER_NAME Git", or "Untitled Git" if
+   SERVER_NAME CGI environment variable is not set (e.g. if running
+   gitweb as standalone script).  [No default]
+ * GITWEB_BASE_URL
+   Git base URLs used for URL to where fetch project from, i.e. full
+   URL is "$git_base_url/$project".  Shown on projects summary page.
+   Repository URL for project can be also configured per repository; this
+   takes precedence over URLs composed from base URL and a project name.
+   Note that you can setup multiple base URLs (for example one for
+   git:// protocol access, another for http:// access) from the gitweb
+   config file.  [No default]
  * GITWEB_CSS
-   Points to the location where you put gitweb.css on your web server.
+   Points to the location where you put gitweb.css on your web server
+   (or to be more generic, the URI of gitweb stylesheet).  Relative to the
+   base URI of gitweb.  Note that you can setup multiple stylesheets from
+   the gitweb config file.  [Default: gitweb.css]
  * GITWEB_LOGO
-   Points to the location where you put git-logo.png on your web server.
+   Points to the location where you put git-logo.png on your web server
+   (or to be more generic URI of logo, 72x27 size, displayed in top right
+   corner of each gitweb page, and used as logo for Atom feed).  Relative
+   to base URI of gitweb.  [Default: git-logo.png]
+ * GITWEB_FAVICON
+   Points to the location where you put git-favicon.png on your web server
+   (or to be more generic URI of favicon, assumed to be image/png type;
+   web browsers that support favicons (website icons) may display them
+   in the browser's URL bar and next to site name in bookmarks).  Relative
+   to base URI of gitweb.  [Default: git-favicon.png]
  * GITWEB_CONFIG
-   This file will be loaded using 'require' and can be used to override any
-   of the options above as well as some other options - see the top of
-   'gitweb.cgi' for their full list and description.  If the environment
-   $GITWEB_CONFIG is set when gitweb.cgi is executed the file in the
-   environment variable will be loaded instead of the file
-   specified when gitweb.cgi was created.
+   This Perl file will be loaded using 'do' and can be used to override any
+   of the options above as well as some other options -- see the "Runtime
+   gitweb configuration" section below, and top of 'gitweb.cgi' for their
+   full list and description.  If the environment variable GITWEB_CONFIG
+   is set when gitweb.cgi is executed, then the file specified in the
+   environment variable will be loaded instead of the file specified
+   when gitweb.cgi was created.  [Default: gitweb_config.perl]
+ * GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM
+   This Perl file will be loaded using 'do' as a fallback if GITWEB_CONFIG
+   does not exist.  If the environment variable GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM is set
+   when gitweb.cgi is executed, then the file specified in the environment
+   variable will be loaded instead of the file specified when gitweb.cgi was
+   created.  [Default: /etc/gitweb.conf]
 
 
 Runtime gitweb configuration
 ----------------------------
 
 You can adjust gitweb behaviour using the file specified in `GITWEB_CONFIG`
-(defaults to 'gitweb_config.perl' in the same directory as the CGI).
-See the top of 'gitweb.cgi' for the list of variables and some description.
+(defaults to 'gitweb_config.perl' in the same directory as the CGI), and
+as a fallback `GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM` (defaults to /etc/gitweb.conf).
 The most notable thing that is not configurable at compile time are the
-optional features, stored in the '%features' variable. You can find further
-description on how to reconfigure the default features setting in your
-`GITWEB_CONFIG` or per-project in `project.git/config` inside 'gitweb.cgi'.
+optional features, stored in the '%features' variable.
+
+Ultimate description on how to reconfigure the default features setting
+in your `GITWEB_CONFIG` or per-project in `project.git/config` can be found
+as comments inside 'gitweb.cgi'.
+
+See also the "Gitweb config file" (with an example of config file), and
+the "Gitweb repositories" sections in INSTALL file for gitweb.
+
+
+The gitweb config file is a fragment of perl code. You can set variables
+using "our $variable = value"; text from "#" character until the end
+of a line is ignored. See perlsyn(1) man page for details.
+
+Below is the list of variables which you might want to set in gitweb config.
+See the top of 'gitweb.cgi' for the full list of variables and their
+descriptions.
+
+Gitweb config file variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can set, among others, the following variables in gitweb config files
+(with the exception of $projectroot and $projects_list this list does
+not include variables usually directly set during build):
+ * $GIT
+   Core git executable to use.  By default set to "$GIT_BINDIR/git", which
+   in turn is by default set to "$(bindir)/git".  If you use git from binary
+   package, set this to "/usr/bin/git".  This can just be "git" if your
+   webserver has a sensible PATH.  If you have multiple git versions
+   installed it can be used to choose which one to use.
+ * $version
+   Gitweb version, set automatically when creating gitweb.cgi from
+   gitweb.perl. You might want to modify it if you are running modified
+   gitweb.
+ * $projectroot
+   Absolute filesystem path which will be prepended to project path;
+   the path to repository is $projectroot/$project.  Set to
+   $GITWEB_PROJECTROOT during installation.  This variable have to be
+   set correctly for gitweb to find repositories.
+ * $projects_list
+   Source of projects list, either directory to scan, or text file
+   with list of repositories (in the "<URI-encoded repository path> SP
+   <URI-encoded repository owner>" line format; actually there can be
+   any sequence of whitespace in place of space (SP)).  Set to
+   $GITWEB_LIST during installation.  If empty, $projectroot is used
+   to scan for repositories.
+ * $my_url, $my_uri
+   Full URL and absolute URL of gitweb script;
+   in earlier versions of gitweb you might have need to set those
+   variables, now there should be no need to do it.
+ * $home_link
+   Target of the home link on top of all pages (the first part of view
+   "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page ($my_uri).
+ * @stylesheets
+   List of URIs of stylesheets (relative to base URI of a page). You
+   might specify more than one stylesheet, for example use gitweb.css
+   as base, with site specific modifications in separate stylesheet
+   to make it easier to upgrade gitweb. You can add 'site' stylesheet
+   for example by using
+      push @stylesheets, "gitweb-site.css";
+   in the gitweb config file.
+ * $logo_url, $logo_label
+   URI and label (title) of GIT logo link (or your site logo, if you choose
+   to use different logo image). By default they point to git homepage;
+   in the past they pointed to git documentation at www.kernel.org.
+ * $projects_list_description_width
+   The width (in characters) of the projects list "Description" column.
+   Longer descriptions will be cut (trying to cut at word boundary);
+   full description is available as 'title' attribute (usually shown on
+   mouseover).  By default set to 25, which might be too small if you
+   use long project descriptions.
+ * @git_base_url_list
+   List of git base URLs used for URL to where fetch project from, shown
+   in project summary page.  Full URL is "$git_base_url/$project".
+   You can setup multiple base URLs (for example one for  git:// protocol
+   access, and one for http:// "dumb" protocol access).  Note that per
+   repository configuration in 'cloneurl' file, or as values of gitweb.url
+   project config.
+ * $default_blob_plain_mimetype
+   Default mimetype for blob_plain (raw) view, if mimetype checking
+   doesn't result in some other type; by default 'text/plain'.
+ * $default_text_plain_charset
+   Default charset for text files. If not set, web server configuration
+   would be used.
+ * $mimetypes_file
+   File to use for (filename extension based) guessing of MIME types before
+   trying /etc/mime.types. Path, if relative, is taken currently as
+   relative to the current git repository.
+ * $fallback_encoding
+   Gitweb assumes this charset if line contains non-UTF-8 characters.
+   Fallback decoding is used without error checking, so it can be even
+   'utf-8'. Value must be valid encoding; see Encoding::Supported(3pm) man
+   page for a list.   By default 'latin1', aka. 'iso-8859-1'.
+ * @diff_opts
+   Rename detection options for git-diff and git-diff-tree. By default
+   ('-M'); set it to ('-C') or ('-C', '-C') to also detect copies, or
+   set it to () if you don't want to have renames detection.
+ * $prevent_xss
+   If true, some gitweb features are disabled to prevent content in
+   repositories from launching cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.  Set this
+   to true if you don't trust the content of your repositories. The default
+   is false.
+
+
+Projects list file format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Instead of having gitweb find repositories by scanning filesystem starting
+from $projectroot (or $projects_list, if it points to directory), you can
+provide list of projects by setting $projects_list to a text file with list
+of projects (and some additional info).  This file uses the following
+format:
+
+One record (for project / repository) per line, whitespace separated fields;
+does not support (at least for now) lines continuation (newline escaping).
+Leading and trailing whitespace are ignored, any run of whitespace can be
+used as field separator (rules for Perl's "split(' ', $line)").  Keyed by
+the first field, which is project name, i.e. path to repository GIT_DIR
+relative to $projectroot.  Fields use modified URI encoding, defined in
+RFC 3986, section 2.1 (Percent-Encoding), or rather "Query string encoding"
+(see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_string#URL_encoding), the difference
+being that SP (' ') can be encoded as '+' (and therefore '+' has to be also
+percent-encoded).  Reserved characters are: '%' (used for encoding), '+'
+(can be used to encode SPACE), all whitespace characters as defined in Perl,
+including SP, TAB and LF, (used to separate fields in a record).
+
+Currently list of fields is
+ * <repository path>  - path to repository GIT_DIR, relative to $projectroot
+ * <repository owner> - displayed as repository owner, preferably full name,
+                        or email, or both
+
+You can additionally use $projects_list file to limit which repositories
+are visible, and together with $strict_export to limit access to
+repositories (see "Gitweb repositories" section in gitweb/INSTALL).
+
+
+Per-repository gitweb configuration
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can also configure individual repositories shown in gitweb by creating
+file in the GIT_DIR of git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
+variable (in GIT_DIR/config).
+
+You can use the following files in repository:
+ * README.html
+   A .html file (HTML fragment) which is included on the gitweb project
+   summary page inside <div> block element. You can use it for longer
+   description of a project, to provide links (for example to project's
+   homepage), etc. This is recognized only if XSS prevention is off
+   ($prevent_xss is false); a way to include a readme safely when XSS
+   prevention is on may be worked out in the future.
+ * description (or gitweb.description)
+   Short (shortened by default to 25 characters in the projects list page)
+   single line description of a project (of a repository). Plain text file;
+   HTML will be escaped. By default set to
+     Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb.
+   from the template during repository creation. You can use the
+   gitweb.description repo configuration variable, but the file takes
+   precedence.
+ * cloneurl (or multiple-valued gitweb.url)
+   File with repository URL (used for clone and fetch), one per line.
+   Displayed in the project summary page. You can use multiple-valued
+   gitweb.url repository configuration variable for that, but the file
+   takes precedence.
+ * gitweb.owner
+   You can use the gitweb.owner repository configuration variable to set
+   repository's owner. It is displayed in the project list and summary
+   page. If it's not set, filesystem directory's owner is used
+   (via GECOS field / real name field from getpwiud(3)).
+ * various gitweb.* config variables (in config)
+   Read description of %feature hash for detailed list, and some
+   descriptions.
 
 
 Webserver configuration
@@ -52,12 +295,15 @@ Webserver configuration
 If you want to have one URL for both gitweb and your http://
 repositories, you can configure apache like this:
 
-<VirtualHost www:80>
-    ServerName git.domain.org
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+    ServerName git.example.org
     DocumentRoot /pub/git
-    RewriteEngine on
-    RewriteRule ^/(.*\.git/(?!/?(info|objects|refs)).*)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi%{REQUEST_URI}  [L,PT]
     SetEnv	GITWEB_CONFIG	/etc/gitweb.conf
+    RewriteEngine on
+    # make the front page an internal rewrite to the gitweb script
+    RewriteRule ^/$  /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi
+    # make access for "dumb clients" work
+    RewriteRule ^/(.*\.git/(?!/?(HEAD|info|objects|refs)).*)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi%{REQUEST_URI}  [L,PT]
 </VirtualHost>
 
 The above configuration expects your public repositories to live under
@@ -73,10 +319,100 @@ override the defaults given at the head of the gitweb.perl (or
 gitweb.cgi).  Look at the comments in that file for information on
 which variables and what they mean.
 
+If you use the rewrite rules from the example you'll likely also need
+something like the following in your gitweb.conf (or gitweb_config.perl) file:
+
+  @stylesheets = ("/some/absolute/path/gitweb.css");
+  $my_uri = "/";
+  $home_link = "/";
+
+
+PATH_INFO usage
+-----------------------
+If you enable PATH_INFO usage in gitweb by putting
+
+   $feature{'pathinfo'}{'default'} = [1];
+
+in your gitweb.conf, it is possible to set up your server so that it
+consumes and produces URLs in the form
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git/shortlog/sometag
+
+by using a configuration such as the following, that assumes that
+/var/www/gitweb is the DocumentRoot of your webserver, and that it
+contains the gitweb.cgi script and complementary static files
+(stylesheet, favicon):
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The rewrite rule guarantees that existing static files will be properly
+served, whereas any other URL will be passed to gitweb as PATH_INFO
+parameter.
+
+Notice that in this case you don't need special settings for
+@stylesheets, $my_uri and $home_link, but you lose "dumb client" access
+to your project .git dirs. A possible workaround for the latter is the
+following: in your project root dir (e.g. /pub/git) have the projects
+named without a .git extension (e.g. /pub/git/project instead of
+/pub/git/project.git) and configure Apache as follows:
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	AliasMatch ^(/.*?)(\.git)(/.*)?$ /pub/git$1$3
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The additional AliasMatch makes it so that
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git
+
+will give raw access to the project's git dir (so that the project can
+be cloned), while
+
+http://git.example.com/project
+
+will provide human-friendly gitweb access.
+
+This solution is not 100% bulletproof, in the sense that if some project
+has a named ref (branch, tag) starting with 'git/', then paths such as
+
+http://git.example.com/project/command/abranch..git/abranch
+
+will fail with a 404 error.
+
+
 
 Originally written by:
   Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
 
 Any comment/question/concern to:
   Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org>
-
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.css b/gitweb/gitweb.css
index 5e40292404..d05bc37646 100644
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.css
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.css
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 body {
 	font-family: sans-serif;
-	font-size: 12px;
+	font-size: small;
 	border: solid #d9d8d1;
 	border-width: 1px;
 	margin: 10px;
@@ -28,10 +28,14 @@ img.logo {
 	border-width: 0px;
 }
 
+img.avatar {
+	vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
 div.page_header {
 	height: 25px;
 	padding: 8px;
-	font-size: 18px;
+	font-size: 150%;
 	font-weight: bold;
 	background-color: #d9d8d1;
 }
@@ -85,6 +89,10 @@ div.title, a.title {
 	color: #000000;
 }
 
+div.readme {
+	padding: 8px;
+}
+
 a.title:hover {
 	background-color: #d9d8d1;
 }
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@ span.signoff {
 
 div.log_link {
 	padding: 0px 8px;
-	font-size: 10px;
+	font-size: 70%;
 	font-family: sans-serif;
 	font-style: normal;
 	position: relative;
@@ -128,11 +136,14 @@ div.list_head {
 	font-style: italic;
 }
 
+.author_date, .author {
+	font-style: italic;
+}
+
 div.author_date {
 	padding: 8px;
 	border: solid #d9d8d1;
 	border-width: 0px 0px 1px 0px;
-	font-style: italic;
 }
 
 a.list {
@@ -170,30 +181,48 @@ a.text:hover {
 
 table {
 	padding: 8px 4px;
-}
-
-table.project_list {
 	border-spacing: 0;
 }
 
 table.diff_tree {
-	border-spacing: 0;
 	font-family: monospace;
 }
 
+table.combined.diff_tree th {
+	text-align: center;
+}
+
+table.combined.diff_tree td {
+	padding-right: 24px;
+}
+
+table.combined.diff_tree th.link,
+table.combined.diff_tree td.link {
+	padding: 0px 2px;
+}
+
+table.combined.diff_tree td.nochange a {
+	color: #6666ff;
+}
+
+table.combined.diff_tree td.nochange a:hover,
+table.combined.diff_tree td.nochange a:visited {
+	color: #d06666;
+}
+
 table.blame {
 	border-collapse: collapse;
 }
 
 table.blame td {
 	padding: 0px 5px;
-	font-size: 12px;
+	font-size: 100%;
 	vertical-align: top;
 }
 
 th {
 	padding: 2px 5px;
-	font-size: 12px;
+	font-size: 100%;
 	text-align: left;
 }
 
@@ -215,14 +244,14 @@ tr.dark:hover {
 
 td {
 	padding: 2px 5px;
-	font-size: 12px;
+	font-size: 100%;
 	vertical-align: top;
 }
 
 td.link, td.selflink {
 	padding: 2px 5px;
 	font-family: sans-serif;
-	font-size: 10px;
+	font-size: 70%;
 }
 
 td.selflink {
@@ -259,6 +288,12 @@ table.diff_tree span.file_status.copied {
   color: #70a070;
 }
 
+/* noage: "No commits" */
+table.project_list td.noage {
+	color: #808080;
+	font-style: italic;
+}
+
 /* age2: 60*60*24*2 <= age */
 table.project_list td.age2, table.blame td.age2 {
 	font-style: italic;
@@ -387,6 +422,10 @@ div.diff.incomplete {
 	color: #cccccc;
 }
 
+div.diff.nodifferences {
+	font-weight: bold;
+	color: #600000;
+}
 
 div.index_include {
 	border: solid #d9d8d1;
@@ -395,14 +434,18 @@ div.index_include {
 }
 
 div.search {
-	font-size: 12px;
+	font-size: 100%;
 	font-weight: normal;
 	margin: 4px 8px;
-	position: absolute;
+	float: right;
 	top: 56px;
 	right: 12px
 }
 
+p.projsearch {
+	text-align: center;
+}
+
 td.linenr {
 	text-align: right;
 }
@@ -423,7 +466,7 @@ a.rss_logo {
 	background-color: #ff6600;
 	font-weight: bold;
 	font-family: sans-serif;
-	font-size: 10px;
+	font-size: 70%;
 	text-align: center;
 	text-decoration: none;
 }
@@ -432,15 +475,36 @@ a.rss_logo:hover {
 	background-color: #ee5500;
 }
 
+a.rss_logo.generic {
+	background-color: #ff8800;
+}
+
+a.rss_logo.generic:hover {
+	background-color: #ee7700;
+}
+
 span.refs span {
 	padding: 0px 4px;
-	font-size: 10px;
+	font-size: 70%;
 	font-weight: normal;
 	border: 1px solid;
 	background-color: #ffaaff;
 	border-color: #ffccff #ff00ee #ff00ee #ffccff;
 }
 
+span.refs span a {
+	text-decoration: none;
+	color: inherit;
+}
+
+span.refs span a:hover {
+	text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+span.refs span.indirect {
+	font-style: italic;
+}
+
 span.refs span.ref {
 	background-color: #aaaaff;
 	border-color: #ccccff #0033cc #0033cc #ccccff;
@@ -463,3 +527,7 @@ span.atnight {
 span.match {
 	color: #e00000;
 }
+
+div.binary {
+	font-style: italic;
+}
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index e49eb91d69..7fbd5ff89e 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -27,6 +27,31 @@ our $version = "++GIT_VERSION++";
 our $my_url = $cgi->url();
 our $my_uri = $cgi->url(-absolute => 1);
 
+# Base URL for relative URLs in gitweb ($logo, $favicon, ...),
+# needed and used only for URLs with nonempty PATH_INFO
+our $base_url = $my_url;
+
+# When the script is used as DirectoryIndex, the URL does not contain the name
+# of the script file itself, and $cgi->url() fails to strip PATH_INFO, so we
+# have to do it ourselves. We make $path_info global because it's also used
+# later on.
+#
+# Another issue with the script being the DirectoryIndex is that the resulting
+# $my_url data is not the full script URL: this is good, because we want
+# generated links to keep implying the script name if it wasn't explicitly
+# indicated in the URL we're handling, but it means that $my_url cannot be used
+# as base URL.
+# Therefore, if we needed to strip PATH_INFO, then we know that we have
+# to build the base URL ourselves:
+our $path_info = $ENV{"PATH_INFO"};
+if ($path_info) {
+	if ($my_url =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
+	    $my_uri =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
+	    defined $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}) {
+		$base_url = $cgi->url(-base => 1) . $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'};
+	}
+}
+
 # core git executable to use
 # this can just be "git" if your webserver has a sensible PATH
 our $GIT = "++GIT_BINDIR++/git";
@@ -35,6 +60,10 @@ our $GIT = "++GIT_BINDIR++/git";
 #our $projectroot = "/pub/scm";
 our $projectroot = "++GITWEB_PROJECTROOT++";
 
+# fs traversing limit for getting project list
+# the number is relative to the projectroot
+our $project_maxdepth = "++GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH++";
+
 # target of the home link on top of all pages
 our $home_link = $my_uri || "/";
 
@@ -65,16 +94,28 @@ our $favicon = "++GITWEB_FAVICON++";
 # URI and label (title) of GIT logo link
 #our $logo_url = "http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/";
 #our $logo_label = "git documentation";
-our $logo_url = "http://git.or.cz/";
+our $logo_url = "http://git-scm.com/";
 our $logo_label = "git homepage";
 
 # source of projects list
 our $projects_list = "++GITWEB_LIST++";
 
+# the width (in characters) of the projects list "Description" column
+our $projects_list_description_width = 25;
+
+# default order of projects list
+# valid values are none, project, descr, owner, and age
+our $default_projects_order = "project";
+
 # show repository only if this file exists
 # (only effective if this variable evaluates to true)
 our $export_ok = "++GITWEB_EXPORT_OK++";
 
+# show repository only if this subroutine returns true
+# when given the path to the project, for example:
+#    sub { return -e "$_[0]/git-daemon-export-ok"; }
+our $export_auth_hook = undef;
+
 # only allow viewing of repositories also shown on the overview page
 our $strict_export = "++GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT++";
 
@@ -90,6 +131,78 @@ our $default_text_plain_charset  = undef;
 # (relative to the current git repository)
 our $mimetypes_file = undef;
 
+# assume this charset if line contains non-UTF-8 characters;
+# it should be valid encoding (see Encoding::Supported(3pm) for list),
+# for which encoding all byte sequences are valid, for example
+# 'iso-8859-1' aka 'latin1' (it is decoded without checking, so it
+# could be even 'utf-8' for the old behavior)
+our $fallback_encoding = 'latin1';
+
+# rename detection options for git-diff and git-diff-tree
+# - default is '-M', with the cost proportional to
+#   (number of removed files) * (number of new files).
+# - more costly is '-C' (which implies '-M'), with the cost proportional to
+#   (number of changed files + number of removed files) * (number of new files)
+# - even more costly is '-C', '--find-copies-harder' with cost
+#   (number of files in the original tree) * (number of new files)
+# - one might want to include '-B' option, e.g. '-B', '-M'
+our @diff_opts = ('-M'); # taken from git_commit
+
+# Disables features that would allow repository owners to inject script into
+# the gitweb domain.
+our $prevent_xss = 0;
+
+# information about snapshot formats that gitweb is capable of serving
+our %known_snapshot_formats = (
+	# name => {
+	# 	'display' => display name,
+	# 	'type' => mime type,
+	# 	'suffix' => filename suffix,
+	# 	'format' => --format for git-archive,
+	# 	'compressor' => [compressor command and arguments]
+	# 	                (array reference, optional)}
+	#
+	'tgz' => {
+		'display' => 'tar.gz',
+		'type' => 'application/x-gzip',
+		'suffix' => '.tar.gz',
+		'format' => 'tar',
+		'compressor' => ['gzip']},
+
+	'tbz2' => {
+		'display' => 'tar.bz2',
+		'type' => 'application/x-bzip2',
+		'suffix' => '.tar.bz2',
+		'format' => 'tar',
+		'compressor' => ['bzip2']},
+
+	'zip' => {
+		'display' => 'zip',
+		'type' => 'application/x-zip',
+		'suffix' => '.zip',
+		'format' => 'zip'},
+);
+
+# Aliases so we understand old gitweb.snapshot values in repository
+# configuration.
+our %known_snapshot_format_aliases = (
+	'gzip'  => 'tgz',
+	'bzip2' => 'tbz2',
+
+	# backward compatibility: legacy gitweb config support
+	'x-gzip' => undef, 'gz' => undef,
+	'x-bzip2' => undef, 'bz2' => undef,
+	'x-zip' => undef, '' => undef,
+);
+
+# Pixel sizes for icons and avatars. If the default font sizes or lineheights
+# are changed, it may be appropriate to change these values too via
+# $GITWEB_CONFIG.
+our %avatar_size = (
+	'default' => 16,
+	'double'  => 32
+);
+
 # You define site-wide feature defaults here; override them with
 # $GITWEB_CONFIG as necessary.
 our %feature = (
@@ -98,11 +211,16 @@ our %feature = (
 	# 	'override' => allow-override (boolean),
 	# 	'default' => [ default options...] (array reference)}
 	#
-	# if feature is overridable (it means that allow-override has true value,
+	# if feature is overridable (it means that allow-override has true value),
 	# then feature-sub will be called with default options as parameters;
 	# return value of feature-sub indicates if to enable specified feature
 	#
-	# use gitweb_check_feature(<feature>) to check if <feature> is enabled
+	# if there is no 'sub' key (no feature-sub), then feature cannot be
+	# overriden
+	#
+	# use gitweb_get_feature(<feature>) to retrieve the <feature> value
+	# (an array) or gitweb_check_feature(<feature>) to check if <feature>
+	# is enabled
 
 	# Enable the 'blame' blob view, showing the last commit that modified
 	# each line in the file. This can be very CPU-intensive.
@@ -113,31 +231,48 @@ our %feature = (
 	# $feature{'blame'}{'override'} = 1;
 	# and in project config gitweb.blame = 0|1;
 	'blame' => {
-		'sub' => \&feature_blame,
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('blame', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [0]},
 
-	# Enable the 'snapshot' link, providing a compressed tarball of any
+	# Enable the 'snapshot' link, providing a compressed archive of any
 	# tree. This can potentially generate high traffic if you have large
 	# project.
 
+	# Value is a list of formats defined in %known_snapshot_formats that
+	# you wish to offer.
 	# To disable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
-	# $feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = [undef];
+	# $feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = [];
 	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
 	# $feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 1;
-	# and in project config gitweb.snapshot = none|gzip|bzip2;
+	# and in project config, a comma-separated list of formats or "none"
+	# to disable.  Example: gitweb.snapshot = tbz2,zip;
 	'snapshot' => {
 		'sub' => \&feature_snapshot,
 		'override' => 0,
-		#         => [content-encoding, suffix, program]
-		'default' => ['x-gzip', 'gz', 'gzip']},
+		'default' => ['tgz']},
 
 	# Enable text search, which will list the commits which match author,
 	# committer or commit text to a given string.  Enabled by default.
+	# Project specific override is not supported.
 	'search' => {
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [1]},
 
+	# Enable grep search, which will list the files in currently selected
+	# tree containing the given string. Enabled by default. This can be
+	# potentially CPU-intensive, of course.
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'grep'}{'default'} = [1];
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'grep'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.grep = 0|1;
+	'grep' => {
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('grep', @_) },
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [1]},
+
 	# Enable the pickaxe search, which will list the commits that modified
 	# a given string in a file. This can be practical and quite faster
 	# alternative to 'blame', but still potentially CPU-intensive.
@@ -148,7 +283,7 @@ our %feature = (
 	# $feature{'pickaxe'}{'override'} = 1;
 	# and in project config gitweb.pickaxe = 0|1;
 	'pickaxe' => {
-		'sub' => \&feature_pickaxe,
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('pickaxe', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [1]},
 
@@ -176,8 +311,8 @@ our %feature = (
 	# projects matching $projname/*.git will not be shown in the main
 	# projects list, instead a '+' mark will be added to $projname
 	# there and a 'forks' view will be enabled for the project, listing
-	# all the forks. This feature is supported only if project list
-	# is taken from a directory, not file.
+	# all the forks. If project list is taken from a file, forks have
+	# to be listed after the main project.
 
 	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
 	# $feature{'forks'}{'default'} = [1];
@@ -185,9 +320,83 @@ our %feature = (
 	'forks' => {
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [0]},
+
+	# Insert custom links to the action bar of all project pages.
+	# This enables you mainly to link to third-party scripts integrating
+	# into gitweb; e.g. git-browser for graphical history representation
+	# or custom web-based repository administration interface.
+
+	# The 'default' value consists of a list of triplets in the form
+	# (label, link, position) where position is the label after which
+	# to insert the link and link is a format string where %n expands
+	# to the project name, %f to the project path within the filesystem,
+	# %h to the current hash (h gitweb parameter) and %b to the current
+	# hash base (hb gitweb parameter); %% expands to %.
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG e.g.
+	# $feature{'actions'}{'default'} = [('graphiclog',
+	# 	'/git-browser/by-commit.html?r=%n', 'summary')];
+	# Project specific override is not supported.
+	'actions' => {
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => []},
+
+	# Allow gitweb scan project content tags described in ctags/
+	# of project repository, and display the popular Web 2.0-ish
+	# "tag cloud" near the project list. Note that this is something
+	# COMPLETELY different from the normal Git tags.
+
+	# gitweb by itself can show existing tags, but it does not handle
+	# tagging itself; you need an external application for that.
+	# For an example script, check Girocco's cgi/tagproj.cgi.
+	# You may want to install the HTML::TagCloud Perl module to get
+	# a pretty tag cloud instead of just a list of tags.
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'ctags'}{'default'} = ['path_to_tag_script'];
+	# Project specific override is not supported.
+	'ctags' => {
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [0]},
+
+	# The maximum number of patches in a patchset generated in patch
+	# view. Set this to 0 or undef to disable patch view, or to a
+	# negative number to remove any limit.
+
+	# To disable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'patches'}{'default'} = [0];
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'patches'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.patches = 0|n;
+	# where n is the maximum number of patches allowed in a patchset.
+	'patches' => {
+		'sub' => \&feature_patches,
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [16]},
+
+	# Avatar support. When this feature is enabled, views such as
+	# shortlog or commit will display an avatar associated with
+	# the email of the committer(s) and/or author(s).
+
+	# Currently available providers are gravatar and picon.
+	# If an unknown provider is specified, the feature is disabled.
+
+	# Gravatar depends on Digest::MD5.
+	# Picon currently relies on the indiana.edu database.
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'avatar'}{'default'} = ['<provider>'];
+	# where <provider> is either gravatar or picon.
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'avatar'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.avatar = <provider>;
+	'avatar' => {
+		'sub' => \&feature_avatar,
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => ['']},
 );
 
-sub gitweb_check_feature {
+sub gitweb_get_feature {
 	my ($name) = @_;
 	return unless exists $feature{$name};
 	my ($sub, $override, @defaults) = (
@@ -202,53 +411,63 @@ sub gitweb_check_feature {
 	return $sub->(@defaults);
 }
 
-sub feature_blame {
-	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('blame', '--bool');
+# A wrapper to check if a given feature is enabled.
+# With this, you can say
+#
+#   my $bool_feat = gitweb_check_feature('bool_feat');
+#   gitweb_check_feature('bool_feat') or somecode;
+#
+# instead of
+#
+#   my ($bool_feat) = gitweb_get_feature('bool_feat');
+#   (gitweb_get_feature('bool_feat'))[0] or somecode;
+#
+sub gitweb_check_feature {
+	return (gitweb_get_feature(@_))[0];
+}
+
 
-	if ($val eq 'true') {
-		return 1;
+sub feature_bool {
+	my $key = shift;
+	my ($val) = git_get_project_config($key, '--bool');
+
+	if (!defined $val) {
+		return ($_[0]);
+	} elsif ($val eq 'true') {
+		return (1);
 	} elsif ($val eq 'false') {
-		return 0;
+		return (0);
 	}
-
-	return $_[0];
 }
 
 sub feature_snapshot {
-	my ($ctype, $suffix, $command) = @_;
+	my (@fmts) = @_;
 
 	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('snapshot');
 
-	if ($val eq 'gzip') {
-		return ('x-gzip', 'gz', 'gzip');
-	} elsif ($val eq 'bzip2') {
-		return ('x-bzip2', 'bz2', 'bzip2');
-	} elsif ($val eq 'none') {
-		return ();
+	if ($val) {
+		@fmts = ($val eq 'none' ? () : split /\s*[,\s]\s*/, $val);
 	}
 
-	return ($ctype, $suffix, $command);
-}
-
-sub gitweb_have_snapshot {
-	my ($ctype, $suffix, $command) = gitweb_check_feature('snapshot');
-	my $have_snapshot = (defined $ctype && defined $suffix);
-
-	return $have_snapshot;
+	return @fmts;
 }
 
-sub feature_pickaxe {
-	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('pickaxe', '--bool');
+sub feature_patches {
+	my @val = (git_get_project_config('patches', '--int'));
 
-	if ($val eq 'true') {
-		return (1);
-	} elsif ($val eq 'false') {
-		return (0);
+	if (@val) {
+		return @val;
 	}
 
 	return ($_[0]);
 }
 
+sub feature_avatar {
+	my @val = (git_get_project_config('avatar'));
+
+	return @val ? @val : @_;
+}
+
 # checking HEAD file with -e is fragile if the repository was
 # initialized long time ago (i.e. symlink HEAD) and was pack-ref'ed
 # and then pruned.
@@ -262,209 +481,405 @@ sub check_head_link {
 sub check_export_ok {
 	my ($dir) = @_;
 	return (check_head_link($dir) &&
-		(!$export_ok || -e "$dir/$export_ok"));
+		(!$export_ok || -e "$dir/$export_ok") &&
+		(!$export_auth_hook || $export_auth_hook->($dir)));
 }
 
-# rename detection options for git-diff and git-diff-tree
-# - default is '-M', with the cost proportional to
-#   (number of removed files) * (number of new files).
-# - more costly is '-C' (or '-C', '-M'), with the cost proportional to
-#   (number of changed files + number of removed files) * (number of new files)
-# - even more costly is '-C', '--find-copies-harder' with cost
-#   (number of files in the original tree) * (number of new files)
-# - one might want to include '-B' option, e.g. '-B', '-M'
-our @diff_opts = ('-M'); # taken from git_commit
+# process alternate names for backward compatibility
+# filter out unsupported (unknown) snapshot formats
+sub filter_snapshot_fmts {
+	my @fmts = @_;
+
+	@fmts = map {
+		exists $known_snapshot_format_aliases{$_} ?
+		       $known_snapshot_format_aliases{$_} : $_} @fmts;
+	@fmts = grep {
+		exists $known_snapshot_formats{$_} } @fmts;
+}
 
 our $GITWEB_CONFIG = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG++";
-do $GITWEB_CONFIG if -e $GITWEB_CONFIG;
+if (-e $GITWEB_CONFIG) {
+	do $GITWEB_CONFIG;
+} else {
+	our $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM++";
+	do $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM if -e $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM;
+}
 
 # version of the core git binary
-our $git_version = qx($GIT --version) =~ m/git version (.*)$/ ? $1 : "unknown";
+our $git_version = qx("$GIT" --version) =~ m/git version (.*)$/ ? $1 : "unknown";
 
 $projects_list ||= $projectroot;
 
 # ======================================================================
 # input validation and dispatch
-our $action = $cgi->param('a');
+
+# input parameters can be collected from a variety of sources (presently, CGI
+# and PATH_INFO), so we define an %input_params hash that collects them all
+# together during validation: this allows subsequent uses (e.g. href()) to be
+# agnostic of the parameter origin
+
+our %input_params = ();
+
+# input parameters are stored with the long parameter name as key. This will
+# also be used in the href subroutine to convert parameters to their CGI
+# equivalent, and since the href() usage is the most frequent one, we store
+# the name -> CGI key mapping here, instead of the reverse.
+#
+# XXX: Warning: If you touch this, check the search form for updating,
+# too.
+
+our @cgi_param_mapping = (
+	project => "p",
+	action => "a",
+	file_name => "f",
+	file_parent => "fp",
+	hash => "h",
+	hash_parent => "hp",
+	hash_base => "hb",
+	hash_parent_base => "hpb",
+	page => "pg",
+	order => "o",
+	searchtext => "s",
+	searchtype => "st",
+	snapshot_format => "sf",
+	extra_options => "opt",
+	search_use_regexp => "sr",
+);
+our %cgi_param_mapping = @cgi_param_mapping;
+
+# we will also need to know the possible actions, for validation
+our %actions = (
+	"blame" => \&git_blame,
+	"blobdiff" => \&git_blobdiff,
+	"blobdiff_plain" => \&git_blobdiff_plain,
+	"blob" => \&git_blob,
+	"blob_plain" => \&git_blob_plain,
+	"commitdiff" => \&git_commitdiff,
+	"commitdiff_plain" => \&git_commitdiff_plain,
+	"commit" => \&git_commit,
+	"forks" => \&git_forks,
+	"heads" => \&git_heads,
+	"history" => \&git_history,
+	"log" => \&git_log,
+	"patch" => \&git_patch,
+	"patches" => \&git_patches,
+	"rss" => \&git_rss,
+	"atom" => \&git_atom,
+	"search" => \&git_search,
+	"search_help" => \&git_search_help,
+	"shortlog" => \&git_shortlog,
+	"summary" => \&git_summary,
+	"tag" => \&git_tag,
+	"tags" => \&git_tags,
+	"tree" => \&git_tree,
+	"snapshot" => \&git_snapshot,
+	"object" => \&git_object,
+	# those below don't need $project
+	"opml" => \&git_opml,
+	"project_list" => \&git_project_list,
+	"project_index" => \&git_project_index,
+);
+
+# finally, we have the hash of allowed extra_options for the commands that
+# allow them
+our %allowed_options = (
+	"--no-merges" => [ qw(rss atom log shortlog history) ],
+);
+
+# fill %input_params with the CGI parameters. All values except for 'opt'
+# should be single values, but opt can be an array. We should probably
+# build an array of parameters that can be multi-valued, but since for the time
+# being it's only this one, we just single it out
+while (my ($name, $symbol) = each %cgi_param_mapping) {
+	if ($symbol eq 'opt') {
+		$input_params{$name} = [ $cgi->param($symbol) ];
+	} else {
+		$input_params{$name} = $cgi->param($symbol);
+	}
+}
+
+# now read PATH_INFO and update the parameter list for missing parameters
+sub evaluate_path_info {
+	return if defined $input_params{'project'};
+	return if !$path_info;
+	$path_info =~ s,^/+,,;
+	return if !$path_info;
+
+	# find which part of PATH_INFO is project
+	my $project = $path_info;
+	$project =~ s,/+$,,;
+	while ($project && !check_head_link("$projectroot/$project")) {
+		$project =~ s,/*[^/]*$,,;
+	}
+	return unless $project;
+	$input_params{'project'} = $project;
+
+	# do not change any parameters if an action is given using the query string
+	return if $input_params{'action'};
+	$path_info =~ s,^\Q$project\E/*,,;
+
+	# next, check if we have an action
+	my $action = $path_info;
+	$action =~ s,/.*$,,;
+	if (exists $actions{$action}) {
+		$path_info =~ s,^$action/*,,;
+		$input_params{'action'} = $action;
+	}
+
+	# list of actions that want hash_base instead of hash, but can have no
+	# pathname (f) parameter
+	my @wants_base = (
+		'tree',
+		'history',
+	);
+
+	# we want to catch
+	# [$hash_parent_base[:$file_parent]..]$hash_parent[:$file_name]
+	my ($parentrefname, $parentpathname, $refname, $pathname) =
+		($path_info =~ /^(?:(.+?)(?::(.+))?\.\.)?(.+?)(?::(.+))?$/);
+
+	# first, analyze the 'current' part
+	if (defined $pathname) {
+		# we got "branch:filename" or "branch:dir/"
+		# we could use git_get_type(branch:pathname), but:
+		# - it needs $git_dir
+		# - it does a git() call
+		# - the convention of terminating directories with a slash
+		#   makes it superfluous
+		# - embedding the action in the PATH_INFO would make it even
+		#   more superfluous
+		$pathname =~ s,^/+,,;
+		if (!$pathname || substr($pathname, -1) eq "/") {
+			$input_params{'action'} ||= "tree";
+			$pathname =~ s,/$,,;
+		} else {
+			# the default action depends on whether we had parent info
+			# or not
+			if ($parentrefname) {
+				$input_params{'action'} ||= "blobdiff_plain";
+			} else {
+				$input_params{'action'} ||= "blob_plain";
+			}
+		}
+		$input_params{'hash_base'} ||= $refname;
+		$input_params{'file_name'} ||= $pathname;
+	} elsif (defined $refname) {
+		# we got "branch". In this case we have to choose if we have to
+		# set hash or hash_base.
+		#
+		# Most of the actions without a pathname only want hash to be
+		# set, except for the ones specified in @wants_base that want
+		# hash_base instead. It should also be noted that hand-crafted
+		# links having 'history' as an action and no pathname or hash
+		# set will fail, but that happens regardless of PATH_INFO.
+		$input_params{'action'} ||= "shortlog";
+		if (grep { $_ eq $input_params{'action'} } @wants_base) {
+			$input_params{'hash_base'} ||= $refname;
+		} else {
+			$input_params{'hash'} ||= $refname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# next, handle the 'parent' part, if present
+	if (defined $parentrefname) {
+		# a missing pathspec defaults to the 'current' filename, allowing e.g.
+		# someproject/blobdiff/oldrev..newrev:/filename
+		if ($parentpathname) {
+			$parentpathname =~ s,^/+,,;
+			$parentpathname =~ s,/$,,;
+			$input_params{'file_parent'} ||= $parentpathname;
+		} else {
+			$input_params{'file_parent'} ||= $input_params{'file_name'};
+		}
+		# we assume that hash_parent_base is wanted if a path was specified,
+		# or if the action wants hash_base instead of hash
+		if (defined $input_params{'file_parent'} ||
+			grep { $_ eq $input_params{'action'} } @wants_base) {
+			$input_params{'hash_parent_base'} ||= $parentrefname;
+		} else {
+			$input_params{'hash_parent'} ||= $parentrefname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# for the snapshot action, we allow URLs in the form
+	# $project/snapshot/$hash.ext
+	# where .ext determines the snapshot and gets removed from the
+	# passed $refname to provide the $hash.
+	#
+	# To be able to tell that $refname includes the format extension, we
+	# require the following two conditions to be satisfied:
+	# - the hash input parameter MUST have been set from the $refname part
+	#   of the URL (i.e. they must be equal)
+	# - the snapshot format MUST NOT have been defined already (e.g. from
+	#   CGI parameter sf)
+	# It's also useless to try any matching unless $refname has a dot,
+	# so we check for that too
+	if (defined $input_params{'action'} &&
+		$input_params{'action'} eq 'snapshot' &&
+		defined $refname && index($refname, '.') != -1 &&
+		$refname eq $input_params{'hash'} &&
+		!defined $input_params{'snapshot_format'}) {
+		# We loop over the known snapshot formats, checking for
+		# extensions. Allowed extensions are both the defined suffix
+		# (which includes the initial dot already) and the snapshot
+		# format key itself, with a prepended dot
+		while (my ($fmt, $opt) = each %known_snapshot_formats) {
+			my $hash = $refname;
+			unless ($hash =~ s/(\Q$opt->{'suffix'}\E|\Q.$fmt\E)$//) {
+				next;
+			}
+			my $sfx = $1;
+			# a valid suffix was found, so set the snapshot format
+			# and reset the hash parameter
+			$input_params{'snapshot_format'} = $fmt;
+			$input_params{'hash'} = $hash;
+			# we also set the format suffix to the one requested
+			# in the URL: this way a request for e.g. .tgz returns
+			# a .tgz instead of a .tar.gz
+			$known_snapshot_formats{$fmt}{'suffix'} = $sfx;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+}
+evaluate_path_info();
+
+our $action = $input_params{'action'};
 if (defined $action) {
-	if ($action =~ m/[^0-9a-zA-Z\.\-_]/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid action parameter");
+	if (!validate_action($action)) {
+		die_error(400, "Invalid action parameter");
 	}
 }
 
 # parameters which are pathnames
-our $project = $cgi->param('p');
+our $project = $input_params{'project'};
 if (defined $project) {
-	if (!validate_pathname($project) ||
-	    !(-d "$projectroot/$project") ||
-	    !check_head_link("$projectroot/$project") ||
-	    ($export_ok && !(-e "$projectroot/$project/$export_ok")) ||
-	    ($strict_export && !project_in_list($project))) {
+	if (!validate_project($project)) {
 		undef $project;
-		die_error(undef, "No such project");
+		die_error(404, "No such project");
 	}
 }
 
-our $file_name = $cgi->param('f');
+our $file_name = $input_params{'file_name'};
 if (defined $file_name) {
 	if (!validate_pathname($file_name)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid file parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid file parameter");
 	}
 }
 
-our $file_parent = $cgi->param('fp');
+our $file_parent = $input_params{'file_parent'};
 if (defined $file_parent) {
 	if (!validate_pathname($file_parent)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid file parent parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid file parent parameter");
 	}
 }
 
 # parameters which are refnames
-our $hash = $cgi->param('h');
+our $hash = $input_params{'hash'};
 if (defined $hash) {
 	if (!validate_refname($hash)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid hash parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid hash parameter");
 	}
 }
 
-our $hash_parent = $cgi->param('hp');
+our $hash_parent = $input_params{'hash_parent'};
 if (defined $hash_parent) {
 	if (!validate_refname($hash_parent)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid hash parent parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid hash parent parameter");
 	}
 }
 
-our $hash_base = $cgi->param('hb');
+our $hash_base = $input_params{'hash_base'};
 if (defined $hash_base) {
 	if (!validate_refname($hash_base)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid hash base parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid hash base parameter");
+	}
+}
+
+our @extra_options = @{$input_params{'extra_options'}};
+# @extra_options is always defined, since it can only be (currently) set from
+# CGI, and $cgi->param() returns the empty array in array context if the param
+# is not set
+foreach my $opt (@extra_options) {
+	if (not exists $allowed_options{$opt}) {
+		die_error(400, "Invalid option parameter");
+	}
+	if (not grep(/^$action$/, @{$allowed_options{$opt}})) {
+		die_error(400, "Invalid option parameter for this action");
 	}
 }
 
-our $hash_parent_base = $cgi->param('hpb');
+our $hash_parent_base = $input_params{'hash_parent_base'};
 if (defined $hash_parent_base) {
 	if (!validate_refname($hash_parent_base)) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid hash parent base parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid hash parent base parameter");
 	}
 }
 
 # other parameters
-our $page = $cgi->param('pg');
+our $page = $input_params{'page'};
 if (defined $page) {
 	if ($page =~ m/[^0-9]/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid page parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid page parameter");
 	}
 }
 
-our $searchtext = $cgi->param('s');
-if (defined $searchtext) {
-	if ($searchtext =~ m/[^a-zA-Z0-9_\.\/\-\+\:\@ ]/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid search parameter");
-	}
-	if (length($searchtext) < 2) {
-		die_error(undef, "At least two characters are required for search parameter");
-	}
-	$searchtext = quotemeta $searchtext;
-}
-
-our $searchtype = $cgi->param('st');
+our $searchtype = $input_params{'searchtype'};
 if (defined $searchtype) {
 	if ($searchtype =~ m/[^a-z]/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Invalid searchtype parameter");
+		die_error(400, "Invalid searchtype parameter");
 	}
 }
 
-# now read PATH_INFO and use it as alternative to parameters
-sub evaluate_path_info {
-	return if defined $project;
-	my $path_info = $ENV{"PATH_INFO"};
-	return if !$path_info;
-	$path_info =~ s,^/+,,;
-	return if !$path_info;
-	# find which part of PATH_INFO is project
-	$project = $path_info;
-	$project =~ s,/+$,,;
-	while ($project && !check_head_link("$projectroot/$project")) {
-		$project =~ s,/*[^/]*$,,;
-	}
-	# validate project
-	$project = validate_pathname($project);
-	if (!$project ||
-	    ($export_ok && !-e "$projectroot/$project/$export_ok") ||
-	    ($strict_export && !project_in_list($project))) {
-		undef $project;
-		return;
-	}
-	# do not change any parameters if an action is given using the query string
-	return if $action;
-	$path_info =~ s,^$project/*,,;
-	my ($refname, $pathname) = split(/:/, $path_info, 2);
-	if (defined $pathname) {
-		# we got "project.git/branch:filename" or "project.git/branch:dir/"
-		# we could use git_get_type(branch:pathname), but it needs $git_dir
-		$pathname =~ s,^/+,,;
-		if (!$pathname || substr($pathname, -1) eq "/") {
-			$action  ||= "tree";
-			$pathname =~ s,/$,,;
-		} else {
-			$action  ||= "blob_plain";
-		}
-		$hash_base ||= validate_refname($refname);
-		$file_name ||= validate_pathname($pathname);
-	} elsif (defined $refname) {
-		# we got "project.git/branch"
-		$action ||= "shortlog";
-		$hash   ||= validate_refname($refname);
+our $search_use_regexp = $input_params{'search_use_regexp'};
+
+our $searchtext = $input_params{'searchtext'};
+our $search_regexp;
+if (defined $searchtext) {
+	if (length($searchtext) < 2) {
+		die_error(403, "At least two characters are required for search parameter");
 	}
+	$search_regexp = $search_use_regexp ? $searchtext : quotemeta $searchtext;
 }
-evaluate_path_info();
 
 # path to the current git repository
 our $git_dir;
 $git_dir = "$projectroot/$project" if $project;
 
-# dispatch
-my %actions = (
-	"blame" => \&git_blame2,
-	"blobdiff" => \&git_blobdiff,
-	"blobdiff_plain" => \&git_blobdiff_plain,
-	"blob" => \&git_blob,
-	"blob_plain" => \&git_blob_plain,
-	"commitdiff" => \&git_commitdiff,
-	"commitdiff_plain" => \&git_commitdiff_plain,
-	"commit" => \&git_commit,
-	"forks" => \&git_forks,
-	"heads" => \&git_heads,
-	"history" => \&git_history,
-	"log" => \&git_log,
-	"rss" => \&git_rss,
-	"atom" => \&git_atom,
-	"search" => \&git_search,
-	"search_help" => \&git_search_help,
-	"shortlog" => \&git_shortlog,
-	"summary" => \&git_summary,
-	"tag" => \&git_tag,
-	"tags" => \&git_tags,
-	"tree" => \&git_tree,
-	"snapshot" => \&git_snapshot,
-	"object" => \&git_object,
-	# those below don't need $project
-	"opml" => \&git_opml,
-	"project_list" => \&git_project_list,
-	"project_index" => \&git_project_index,
-);
-
-if (defined $project) {
-	$action ||= 'summary';
+# list of supported snapshot formats
+our @snapshot_fmts = gitweb_get_feature('snapshot');
+@snapshot_fmts = filter_snapshot_fmts(@snapshot_fmts);
+
+# check that the avatar feature is set to a known provider name,
+# and for each provider check if the dependencies are satisfied.
+# if the provider name is invalid or the dependencies are not met,
+# reset $git_avatar to the empty string.
+our ($git_avatar) = gitweb_get_feature('avatar');
+if ($git_avatar eq 'gravatar') {
+	$git_avatar = '' unless (eval { require Digest::MD5; 1; });
+} elsif ($git_avatar eq 'picon') {
+	# no dependencies
 } else {
-	$action ||= 'project_list';
+	$git_avatar = '';
+}
+
+# dispatch
+if (!defined $action) {
+	if (defined $hash) {
+		$action = git_get_type($hash);
+	} elsif (defined $hash_base && defined $file_name) {
+		$action = git_get_type("$hash_base:$file_name");
+	} elsif (defined $project) {
+		$action = 'summary';
+	} else {
+		$action = 'project_list';
+	}
 }
 if (!defined($actions{$action})) {
-	die_error(undef, "Unknown action");
+	die_error(400, "Unknown action");
 }
-if ($action !~ m/^(opml|project_list|project_index)$/ &&
+if ($action !~ m/^(?:opml|project_list|project_index)$/ &&
     !$project) {
-	die_error(undef, "Project needed");
+	die_error(400, "Project needed");
 }
 $actions{$action}->();
 exit;
@@ -472,50 +887,109 @@ exit;
 ## ======================================================================
 ## action links
 
-sub href(%) {
+sub href {
 	my %params = @_;
 	# default is to use -absolute url() i.e. $my_uri
 	my $href = $params{-full} ? $my_url : $my_uri;
 
-	# XXX: Warning: If you touch this, check the search form for updating,
-	# too.
-
-	my @mapping = (
-		project => "p",
-		action => "a",
-		file_name => "f",
-		file_parent => "fp",
-		hash => "h",
-		hash_parent => "hp",
-		hash_base => "hb",
-		hash_parent_base => "hpb",
-		page => "pg",
-		order => "o",
-		searchtext => "s",
-		searchtype => "st",
-	);
-	my %mapping = @mapping;
-
 	$params{'project'} = $project unless exists $params{'project'};
 
-	my ($use_pathinfo) = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
-	if ($use_pathinfo) {
-		# use PATH_INFO for project name
-		$href .= "/$params{'project'}" if defined $params{'project'};
+	if ($params{-replay}) {
+		while (my ($name, $symbol) = each %cgi_param_mapping) {
+			if (!exists $params{$name}) {
+				$params{$name} = $input_params{$name};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	my $use_pathinfo = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
+	if ($use_pathinfo and defined $params{'project'}) {
+		# try to put as many parameters as possible in PATH_INFO:
+		#   - project name
+		#   - action
+		#   - hash_parent or hash_parent_base:/file_parent
+		#   - hash or hash_base:/filename
+		#   - the snapshot_format as an appropriate suffix
+
+		# When the script is the root DirectoryIndex for the domain,
+		# $href here would be something like http://gitweb.example.com/
+		# Thus, we strip any trailing / from $href, to spare us double
+		# slashes in the final URL
+		$href =~ s,/$,,;
+
+		# Then add the project name, if present
+		$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'project'});
 		delete $params{'project'};
 
-		# Summary just uses the project path URL
-		if (defined $params{'action'} && $params{'action'} eq 'summary') {
+		# since we destructively absorb parameters, we keep this
+		# boolean that remembers if we're handling a snapshot
+		my $is_snapshot = $params{'action'} eq 'snapshot';
+
+		# Summary just uses the project path URL, any other action is
+		# added to the URL
+		if (defined $params{'action'}) {
+			$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'action'}) unless $params{'action'} eq 'summary';
 			delete $params{'action'};
 		}
+
+		# Next, we put hash_parent_base:/file_parent..hash_base:/file_name,
+		# stripping nonexistent or useless pieces
+		$href .= "/" if ($params{'hash_base'} || $params{'hash_parent_base'}
+			|| $params{'hash_parent'} || $params{'hash'});
+		if (defined $params{'hash_base'}) {
+			if (defined $params{'hash_parent_base'}) {
+				$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_parent_base'});
+				# skip the file_parent if it's the same as the file_name
+				delete $params{'file_parent'} if $params{'file_parent'} eq $params{'file_name'};
+				if (defined $params{'file_parent'} && $params{'file_parent'} !~ /\.\./) {
+					$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_parent'});
+					delete $params{'file_parent'};
+				}
+				$href .= "..";
+				delete $params{'hash_parent'};
+				delete $params{'hash_parent_base'};
+			} elsif (defined $params{'hash_parent'}) {
+				$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_parent'}). "..";
+				delete $params{'hash_parent'};
+			}
+
+			$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_base'});
+			if (defined $params{'file_name'} && $params{'file_name'} !~ /\.\./) {
+				$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_name'});
+				delete $params{'file_name'};
+			}
+			delete $params{'hash'};
+			delete $params{'hash_base'};
+		} elsif (defined $params{'hash'}) {
+			$href .= esc_url($params{'hash'});
+			delete $params{'hash'};
+		}
+
+		# If the action was a snapshot, we can absorb the
+		# snapshot_format parameter too
+		if ($is_snapshot) {
+			my $fmt = $params{'snapshot_format'};
+			# snapshot_format should always be defined when href()
+			# is called, but just in case some code forgets, we
+			# fall back to the default
+			$fmt ||= $snapshot_fmts[0];
+			$href .= $known_snapshot_formats{$fmt}{'suffix'};
+			delete $params{'snapshot_format'};
+		}
 	}
 
 	# now encode the parameters explicitly
 	my @result = ();
-	for (my $i = 0; $i < @mapping; $i += 2) {
-		my ($name, $symbol) = ($mapping[$i], $mapping[$i+1]);
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @cgi_param_mapping; $i += 2) {
+		my ($name, $symbol) = ($cgi_param_mapping[$i], $cgi_param_mapping[$i+1]);
 		if (defined $params{$name}) {
-			push @result, $symbol . "=" . esc_param($params{$name});
+			if (ref($params{$name}) eq "ARRAY") {
+				foreach my $par (@{$params{$name}}) {
+					push @result, $symbol . "=" . esc_param($par);
+				}
+			} else {
+				push @result, $symbol . "=" . esc_param($params{$name});
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	$href .= "?" . join(';', @result) if scalar @result;
@@ -527,6 +1001,24 @@ sub href(%) {
 ## ======================================================================
 ## validation, quoting/unquoting and escaping
 
+sub validate_action {
+	my $input = shift || return undef;
+	return undef unless exists $actions{$input};
+	return $input;
+}
+
+sub validate_project {
+	my $input = shift || return undef;
+	if (!validate_pathname($input) ||
+		!(-d "$projectroot/$input") ||
+		!check_export_ok("$projectroot/$input") ||
+		($strict_export && !project_in_list($input))) {
+		return undef;
+	} else {
+		return $input;
+	}
+}
+
 sub validate_pathname {
 	my $input = shift || return undef;
 
@@ -560,10 +1052,17 @@ sub validate_refname {
 	return $input;
 }
 
-# very thin wrapper for decode("utf8", $str, Encode::FB_DEFAULT);
+# decode sequences of octets in utf8 into Perl's internal form,
+# which is utf-8 with utf8 flag set if needed.  gitweb writes out
+# in utf-8 thanks to "binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'" at beginning
 sub to_utf8 {
 	my $str = shift;
-	return decode("utf8", $str, Encode::FB_DEFAULT);
+	if (utf8::valid($str)) {
+		utf8::decode($str);
+		return $str;
+	} else {
+		return decode($fallback_encoding, $str, Encode::FB_DEFAULT);
+	}
 }
 
 # quote unsafe chars, but keep the slash, even when it's not
@@ -586,7 +1085,7 @@ sub esc_url {
 }
 
 # replace invalid utf8 character with SUBSTITUTION sequence
-sub esc_html ($;%) {
+sub esc_html {
 	my $str = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 
@@ -616,29 +1115,40 @@ sub esc_path {
 # Make control characters "printable", using character escape codes (CEC)
 sub quot_cec {
 	my $cntrl = shift;
+	my %opts = @_;
 	my %es = ( # character escape codes, aka escape sequences
-		   "\t" => '\t',   # tab            (HT)
-		   "\n" => '\n',   # line feed      (LF)
-		   "\r" => '\r',   # carrige return (CR)
-		   "\f" => '\f',   # form feed      (FF)
-		   "\b" => '\b',   # backspace      (BS)
-		   "\a" => '\a',   # alarm (bell)   (BEL)
-		   "\e" => '\e',   # escape         (ESC)
-		   "\013" => '\v', # vertical tab   (VT)
-		   "\000" => '\0', # nul character  (NUL)
-		   );
+		"\t" => '\t',   # tab            (HT)
+		"\n" => '\n',   # line feed      (LF)
+		"\r" => '\r',   # carrige return (CR)
+		"\f" => '\f',   # form feed      (FF)
+		"\b" => '\b',   # backspace      (BS)
+		"\a" => '\a',   # alarm (bell)   (BEL)
+		"\e" => '\e',   # escape         (ESC)
+		"\013" => '\v', # vertical tab   (VT)
+		"\000" => '\0', # nul character  (NUL)
+	);
 	my $chr = ( (exists $es{$cntrl})
 		    ? $es{$cntrl}
-		    : sprintf('\%03o', ord($cntrl)) );
-	return "<span class=\"cntrl\">$chr</span>";
+		    : sprintf('\%2x', ord($cntrl)) );
+	if ($opts{-nohtml}) {
+		return $chr;
+	} else {
+		return "<span class=\"cntrl\">$chr</span>";
+	}
 }
 
 # Alternatively use unicode control pictures codepoints,
 # Unicode "printable representation" (PR)
 sub quot_upr {
 	my $cntrl = shift;
+	my %opts = @_;
+
 	my $chr = sprintf('&#%04d;', 0x2400+ord($cntrl));
-	return "<span class=\"cntrl\">$chr</span>";
+	if ($opts{-nohtml}) {
+		return $chr;
+	} else {
+		return "<span class=\"cntrl\">$chr</span>";
+	}
 }
 
 # git may return quoted and escaped filenames
@@ -663,7 +1173,7 @@ sub unquote {
 			return chr(oct($seq));
 		} elsif (exists $es{$seq}) {
 			# C escape sequence, aka character escape code
-			return $es{$seq}
+			return $es{$seq};
 		}
 		# quoted ordinary character
 		return $seq;
@@ -700,21 +1210,83 @@ sub project_in_list {
 ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ## HTML aware string manipulation
 
+# Try to chop given string on a word boundary between position
+# $len and $len+$add_len. If there is no word boundary there,
+# chop at $len+$add_len. Do not chop if chopped part plus ellipsis
+# (marking chopped part) would be longer than given string.
 sub chop_str {
 	my $str = shift;
 	my $len = shift;
 	my $add_len = shift || 10;
+	my $where = shift || 'right'; # 'left' | 'center' | 'right'
+
+	# Make sure perl knows it is utf8 encoded so we don't
+	# cut in the middle of a utf8 multibyte char.
+	$str = to_utf8($str);
 
 	# allow only $len chars, but don't cut a word if it would fit in $add_len
 	# if it doesn't fit, cut it if it's still longer than the dots we would add
-	$str =~ m/^(.{0,$len}[^ \/\-_:\.@]{0,$add_len})(.*)/;
-	my $body = $1;
-	my $tail = $2;
-	if (length($tail) > 4) {
-		$tail = " ...";
-		$body =~ s/&[^;]*$//; # remove chopped character entities
+	# remove chopped character entities entirely
+
+	# when chopping in the middle, distribute $len into left and right part
+	# return early if chopping wouldn't make string shorter
+	if ($where eq 'center') {
+		return $str if ($len + 5 >= length($str)); # filler is length 5
+		$len = int($len/2);
+	} else {
+		return $str if ($len + 4 >= length($str)); # filler is length 4
+	}
+
+	# regexps: ending and beginning with word part up to $add_len
+	my $endre = qr/.{$len}\w{0,$add_len}/;
+	my $begre = qr/\w{0,$add_len}.{$len}/;
+
+	if ($where eq 'left') {
+		$str =~ m/^(.*?)($begre)$/;
+		my ($lead, $body) = ($1, $2);
+		if (length($lead) > 4) {
+			$body =~ s/^[^;]*;// if ($lead =~ m/&[^;]*$/);
+			$lead = " ...";
+		}
+		return "$lead$body";
+
+	} elsif ($where eq 'center') {
+		$str =~ m/^($endre)(.*)$/;
+		my ($left, $str)  = ($1, $2);
+		$str =~ m/^(.*?)($begre)$/;
+		my ($mid, $right) = ($1, $2);
+		if (length($mid) > 5) {
+			$left  =~ s/&[^;]*$//;
+			$right =~ s/^[^;]*;// if ($mid =~ m/&[^;]*$/);
+			$mid = " ... ";
+		}
+		return "$left$mid$right";
+
+	} else {
+		$str =~ m/^($endre)(.*)$/;
+		my $body = $1;
+		my $tail = $2;
+		if (length($tail) > 4) {
+			$body =~ s/&[^;]*$//;
+			$tail = "... ";
+		}
+		return "$body$tail";
+	}
+}
+
+# takes the same arguments as chop_str, but also wraps a <span> around the
+# result with a title attribute if it does get chopped. Additionally, the
+# string is HTML-escaped.
+sub chop_and_escape_str {
+	my ($str) = @_;
+
+	my $chopped = chop_str(@_);
+	if ($chopped eq $str) {
+		return esc_html($chopped);
+	} else {
+		$str =~ s/[[:cntrl:]]/?/g;
+		return $cgi->span({-title=>$str}, esc_html($chopped));
 	}
-	return "$body$tail";
 }
 
 ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -724,7 +1296,9 @@ sub chop_str {
 sub age_class {
 	my $age = shift;
 
-	if ($age < 60*60*2) {
+	if (!defined $age) {
+		return "noage";
+	} elsif ($age < 60*60*2) {
 		return "age0";
 	} elsif ($age < 60*60*24*2) {
 		return "age1";
@@ -765,11 +1339,25 @@ sub age_string {
 	return $age_str;
 }
 
+use constant {
+	S_IFINVALID => 0030000,
+	S_IFGITLINK => 0160000,
+};
+
+# submodule/subproject, a commit object reference
+sub S_ISGITLINK {
+	my $mode = shift;
+
+	return (($mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFGITLINK)
+}
+
 # convert file mode in octal to symbolic file mode string
 sub mode_str {
 	my $mode = oct shift;
 
-	if (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
+	if (S_ISGITLINK($mode)) {
+		return 'm---------';
+	} elsif (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
 		return 'drwxr-xr-x';
 	} elsif (S_ISLNK($mode)) {
 		return 'lrwxrwxrwx';
@@ -795,7 +1383,9 @@ sub file_type {
 		$mode = oct $mode;
 	}
 
-	if (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
+	if (S_ISGITLINK($mode)) {
+		return "submodule";
+	} elsif (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
 		return "directory";
 	} elsif (S_ISLNK($mode)) {
 		return "symlink";
@@ -816,7 +1406,9 @@ sub file_type_long {
 		$mode = oct $mode;
 	}
 
-	if (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
+	if (S_ISGITLINK($mode)) {
+		return "submodule";
+	} elsif (S_ISDIR($mode & S_IFMT)) {
 		return "directory";
 	} elsif (S_ISLNK($mode)) {
 		return "symlink";
@@ -841,24 +1433,32 @@ sub format_log_line_html {
 	my $line = shift;
 
 	$line = esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
-	if ($line =~ m/([0-9a-fA-F]{8,40})/) {
-		my $hash_text = $1;
-		my $link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash=>$hash_text),
-			        -class => "text"}, $hash_text);
-		$line =~ s/$hash_text/$link/;
-	}
+	$line =~ s{\b([0-9a-fA-F]{8,40})\b}{
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash=>$1),
+					-class => "text"}, $1);
+	}eg;
+
 	return $line;
 }
 
 # format marker of refs pointing to given object
+
+# the destination action is chosen based on object type and current context:
+# - for annotated tags, we choose the tag view unless it's the current view
+#   already, in which case we go to shortlog view
+# - for other refs, we keep the current view if we're in history, shortlog or
+#   log view, and select shortlog otherwise
 sub format_ref_marker {
 	my ($refs, $id) = @_;
 	my $markers = '';
 
 	if (defined $refs->{$id}) {
 		foreach my $ref (@{$refs->{$id}}) {
+			# this code exploits the fact that non-lightweight tags are the
+			# only indirect objects, and that they are the only objects for which
+			# we want to use tag instead of shortlog as action
 			my ($type, $name) = qw();
+			my $indirect = ($ref =~ s/\^\{\}$//);
 			# e.g. tags/v2.6.11 or heads/next
 			if ($ref =~ m!^(.*?)s?/(.*)$!) {
 				$type = $1;
@@ -868,8 +1468,29 @@ sub format_ref_marker {
 				$name = $ref;
 			}
 
-			$markers .= " <span class=\"$type\" title=\"$ref\">" .
-			            esc_html($name) . "</span>";
+			my $class = $type;
+			$class .= " indirect" if $indirect;
+
+			my $dest_action = "shortlog";
+
+			if ($indirect) {
+				$dest_action = "tag" unless $action eq "tag";
+			} elsif ($action =~ /^(history|(short)?log)$/) {
+				$dest_action = $action;
+			}
+
+			my $dest = "";
+			$dest .= "refs/" unless $ref =~ m!^refs/!;
+			$dest .= $ref;
+
+			my $link = $cgi->a({
+				-href => href(
+					action=>$dest_action,
+					hash=>$dest
+				)}, $name);
+
+			$markers .= " <span class=\"$class\" title=\"$ref\">" .
+				$link . "</span>";
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -886,6 +1507,7 @@ sub format_subject_html {
 	$extra = '' unless defined($extra);
 
 	if (length($short) < length($long)) {
+		$long =~ s/[[:cntrl:]]/?/g;
 		return $cgi->a({-href => $href, -class => "list subject",
 		                -title => to_utf8($long)},
 		       esc_html($short) . $extra);
@@ -895,23 +1517,307 @@ sub format_subject_html {
 	}
 }
 
-# format patch (diff) line (rather not to be used for diff headers)
+# Rather than recomputing the url for an email multiple times, we cache it
+# after the first hit. This gives a visible benefit in views where the avatar
+# for the same email is used repeatedly (e.g. shortlog).
+# The cache is shared by all avatar engines (currently gravatar only), which
+# are free to use it as preferred. Since only one avatar engine is used for any
+# given page, there's no risk for cache conflicts.
+our %avatar_cache = ();
+
+# Compute the picon url for a given email, by using the picon search service over at
+# http://www.cs.indiana.edu/picons/search.html
+sub picon_url {
+	my $email = lc shift;
+	if (!$avatar_cache{$email}) {
+		my ($user, $domain) = split('@', $email);
+		$avatar_cache{$email} =
+			"http://www.cs.indiana.edu/cgi-pub/kinzler/piconsearch.cgi/" .
+			"$domain/$user/" .
+			"users+domains+unknown/up/single";
+	}
+	return $avatar_cache{$email};
+}
+
+# Compute the gravatar url for a given email, if it's not in the cache already.
+# Gravatar stores only the part of the URL before the size, since that's the
+# one computationally more expensive. This also allows reuse of the cache for
+# different sizes (for this particular engine).
+sub gravatar_url {
+	my $email = lc shift;
+	my $size = shift;
+	$avatar_cache{$email} ||=
+		"http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" .
+			Digest::MD5::md5_hex($email) . "?s=";
+	return $avatar_cache{$email} . $size;
+}
+
+# Insert an avatar for the given $email at the given $size if the feature
+# is enabled.
+sub git_get_avatar {
+	my ($email, %opts) = @_;
+	my $pre_white  = ($opts{-pad_before} ? "&nbsp;" : "");
+	my $post_white = ($opts{-pad_after}  ? "&nbsp;" : "");
+	$opts{-size} ||= 'default';
+	my $size = $avatar_size{$opts{-size}} || $avatar_size{'default'};
+	my $url = "";
+	if ($git_avatar eq 'gravatar') {
+		$url = gravatar_url($email, $size);
+	} elsif ($git_avatar eq 'picon') {
+		$url = picon_url($email);
+	}
+	# Other providers can be added by extending the if chain, defining $url
+	# as needed. If no variant puts something in $url, we assume avatars
+	# are completely disabled/unavailable.
+	if ($url) {
+		return $pre_white .
+		       "<img width=\"$size\" " .
+		            "class=\"avatar\" " .
+		            "src=\"$url\" " .
+			    "alt=\"\" " .
+		       "/>" . $post_white;
+	} else {
+		return "";
+	}
+}
+
+# format the author name of the given commit with the given tag
+# the author name is chopped and escaped according to the other
+# optional parameters (see chop_str).
+sub format_author_html {
+	my $tag = shift;
+	my $co = shift;
+	my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co->{'author_name'}, @_);
+	return "<$tag class=\"author\">" .
+	       git_get_avatar($co->{'author_email'}, -pad_after => 1) .
+	       $author . "</$tag>";
+}
+
+# format git diff header line, i.e. "diff --(git|combined|cc) ..."
+sub format_git_diff_header_line {
+	my $line = shift;
+	my $diffinfo = shift;
+	my ($from, $to) = @_;
+
+	if ($diffinfo->{'nparents'}) {
+		# combined diff
+		$line =~ s!^(diff (.*?) )"?.*$!$1!;
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href => $to->{'href'}, -class => "path"},
+			                 esc_path($to->{'file'}));
+		} else { # file was deleted (no href)
+			$line .= esc_path($to->{'file'});
+		}
+	} else {
+		# "ordinary" diff
+		$line =~ s!^(diff (.*?) )"?a/.*$!$1!;
+		if ($from->{'href'}) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href => $from->{'href'}, -class => "path"},
+			                 'a/' . esc_path($from->{'file'}));
+		} else { # file was added (no href)
+			$line .= 'a/' . esc_path($from->{'file'});
+		}
+		$line .= ' ';
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href => $to->{'href'}, -class => "path"},
+			                 'b/' . esc_path($to->{'file'}));
+		} else { # file was deleted
+			$line .= 'b/' . esc_path($to->{'file'});
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "<div class=\"diff header\">$line</div>\n";
+}
+
+# format extended diff header line, before patch itself
+sub format_extended_diff_header_line {
+	my $line = shift;
+	my $diffinfo = shift;
+	my ($from, $to) = @_;
+
+	# match <path>
+	if ($line =~ s!^((copy|rename) from ).*$!$1! && $from->{'href'}) {
+		$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$from->{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
+		                       esc_path($from->{'file'}));
+	}
+	if ($line =~ s!^((copy|rename) to ).*$!$1! && $to->{'href'}) {
+		$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$to->{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
+		                 esc_path($to->{'file'}));
+	}
+	# match single <mode>
+	if ($line =~ m/\s(\d{6})$/) {
+		$line .= '<span class="info"> (' .
+		         file_type_long($1) .
+		         ')</span>';
+	}
+	# match <hash>
+	if ($line =~ m/^index [0-9a-fA-F]{40},[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/) {
+		# can match only for combined diff
+		$line = 'index ';
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < $diffinfo->{'nparents'}; $i++) {
+			if ($from->{'href'}[$i]) {
+				$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$from->{'href'}[$i],
+				                  -class=>"hash"},
+				                 substr($diffinfo->{'from_id'}[$i],0,7));
+			} else {
+				$line .= '0' x 7;
+			}
+			# separator
+			$line .= ',' if ($i < $diffinfo->{'nparents'} - 1);
+		}
+		$line .= '..';
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$to->{'href'}, -class=>"hash"},
+			                 substr($diffinfo->{'to_id'},0,7));
+		} else {
+			$line .= '0' x 7;
+		}
+
+	} elsif ($line =~ m/^index [0-9a-fA-F]{40}..[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/) {
+		# can match only for ordinary diff
+		my ($from_link, $to_link);
+		if ($from->{'href'}) {
+			$from_link = $cgi->a({-href=>$from->{'href'}, -class=>"hash"},
+			                     substr($diffinfo->{'from_id'},0,7));
+		} else {
+			$from_link = '0' x 7;
+		}
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$to_link = $cgi->a({-href=>$to->{'href'}, -class=>"hash"},
+			                   substr($diffinfo->{'to_id'},0,7));
+		} else {
+			$to_link = '0' x 7;
+		}
+		my ($from_id, $to_id) = ($diffinfo->{'from_id'}, $diffinfo->{'to_id'});
+		$line =~ s!$from_id\.\.$to_id!$from_link..$to_link!;
+	}
+
+	return $line . "<br/>\n";
+}
+
+# format from-file/to-file diff header
+sub format_diff_from_to_header {
+	my ($from_line, $to_line, $diffinfo, $from, $to, @parents) = @_;
+	my $line;
+	my $result = '';
+
+	$line = $from_line;
+	#assert($line =~ m/^---/) if DEBUG;
+	# no extra formatting for "^--- /dev/null"
+	if (! $diffinfo->{'nparents'}) {
+		# ordinary (single parent) diff
+		if ($line =~ m!^--- "?a/!) {
+			if ($from->{'href'}) {
+				$line = '--- a/' .
+				        $cgi->a({-href=>$from->{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
+				                esc_path($from->{'file'}));
+			} else {
+				$line = '--- a/' .
+				        esc_path($from->{'file'});
+			}
+		}
+		$result .= qq!<div class="diff from_file">$line</div>\n!;
+
+	} else {
+		# combined diff (merge commit)
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < $diffinfo->{'nparents'}; $i++) {
+			if ($from->{'href'}[$i]) {
+				$line = '--- ' .
+				        $cgi->a({-href=>href(action=>"blobdiff",
+				                             hash_parent=>$diffinfo->{'from_id'}[$i],
+				                             hash_parent_base=>$parents[$i],
+				                             file_parent=>$from->{'file'}[$i],
+				                             hash=>$diffinfo->{'to_id'},
+				                             hash_base=>$hash,
+				                             file_name=>$to->{'file'}),
+				                 -class=>"path",
+				                 -title=>"diff" . ($i+1)},
+				                $i+1) .
+				        '/' .
+				        $cgi->a({-href=>$from->{'href'}[$i], -class=>"path"},
+				                esc_path($from->{'file'}[$i]));
+			} else {
+				$line = '--- /dev/null';
+			}
+			$result .= qq!<div class="diff from_file">$line</div>\n!;
+		}
+	}
+
+	$line = $to_line;
+	#assert($line =~ m/^\+\+\+/) if DEBUG;
+	# no extra formatting for "^+++ /dev/null"
+	if ($line =~ m!^\+\+\+ "?b/!) {
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$line = '+++ b/' .
+			        $cgi->a({-href=>$to->{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
+			                esc_path($to->{'file'}));
+		} else {
+			$line = '+++ b/' .
+			        esc_path($to->{'file'});
+		}
+	}
+	$result .= qq!<div class="diff to_file">$line</div>\n!;
+
+	return $result;
+}
+
+# create note for patch simplified by combined diff
+sub format_diff_cc_simplified {
+	my ($diffinfo, @parents) = @_;
+	my $result = '';
+
+	$result .= "<div class=\"diff header\">" .
+	           "diff --cc ";
+	if (!is_deleted($diffinfo)) {
+		$result .= $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob",
+		                                  hash_base=>$hash,
+		                                  hash=>$diffinfo->{'to_id'},
+		                                  file_name=>$diffinfo->{'to_file'}),
+		                    -class => "path"},
+		                   esc_path($diffinfo->{'to_file'}));
+	} else {
+		$result .= esc_path($diffinfo->{'to_file'});
+	}
+	$result .= "</div>\n" . # class="diff header"
+	           "<div class=\"diff nodifferences\">" .
+	           "Simple merge" .
+	           "</div>\n"; # class="diff nodifferences"
+
+	return $result;
+}
+
+# format patch (diff) line (not to be used for diff headers)
 sub format_diff_line {
 	my $line = shift;
 	my ($from, $to) = @_;
-	my $char = substr($line, 0, 1);
 	my $diff_class = "";
 
 	chomp $line;
 
-	if ($char eq '+') {
-		$diff_class = " add";
-	} elsif ($char eq "-") {
-		$diff_class = " rem";
-	} elsif ($char eq "@") {
-		$diff_class = " chunk_header";
-	} elsif ($char eq "\\") {
-		$diff_class = " incomplete";
+	if ($from && $to && ref($from->{'href'}) eq "ARRAY") {
+		# combined diff
+		my $prefix = substr($line, 0, scalar @{$from->{'href'}});
+		if ($line =~ m/^\@{3}/) {
+			$diff_class = " chunk_header";
+		} elsif ($line =~ m/^\\/) {
+			$diff_class = " incomplete";
+		} elsif ($prefix =~ tr/+/+/) {
+			$diff_class = " add";
+		} elsif ($prefix =~ tr/-/-/) {
+			$diff_class = " rem";
+		}
+	} else {
+		# assume ordinary diff
+		my $char = substr($line, 0, 1);
+		if ($char eq '+') {
+			$diff_class = " add";
+		} elsif ($char eq '-') {
+			$diff_class = " rem";
+		} elsif ($char eq '@') {
+			$diff_class = " chunk_header";
+		} elsif ($char eq "\\") {
+			$diff_class = " incomplete";
+		}
 	}
 	$line = untabify($line);
 	if ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{2} /) {
@@ -932,10 +1838,118 @@ sub format_diff_line {
 		$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">@@ $from_text $to_text @@</span>" .
 		        "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
 		return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">$line</div>\n";
+	} elsif ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{3}/) {
+		my ($prefix, $ranges, $section) = $line =~ m/^(\@+) (.*?) \@+(.*)$/;
+		my (@from_text, @from_start, @from_nlines, $to_text, $to_start, $to_nlines);
+
+		@from_text = split(' ', $ranges);
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
+			($from_start[$i], $from_nlines[$i]) =
+				(split(',', substr($from_text[$i], 1)), 0);
+		}
+
+		$to_text   = pop @from_text;
+		$to_start  = pop @from_start;
+		$to_nlines = pop @from_nlines;
+
+		$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">$prefix ";
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
+			if ($from->{'href'}[$i]) {
+				$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$from->{'href'}[$i]#l$from_start[$i]",
+				                  -class=>"list"}, $from_text[$i]);
+			} else {
+				$line .= $from_text[$i];
+			}
+			$line .= " ";
+		}
+		if ($to->{'href'}) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$to->{'href'}#l$to_start",
+			                  -class=>"list"}, $to_text);
+		} else {
+			$line .= $to_text;
+		}
+		$line .= " $prefix</span>" .
+		         "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
+		return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">$line</div>\n";
 	}
 	return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">" . esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1) . "</div>\n";
 }
 
+# Generates undef or something like "_snapshot_" or "snapshot (_tbz2_ _zip_)",
+# linked.  Pass the hash of the tree/commit to snapshot.
+sub format_snapshot_links {
+	my ($hash) = @_;
+	my $num_fmts = @snapshot_fmts;
+	if ($num_fmts > 1) {
+		# A parenthesized list of links bearing format names.
+		# e.g. "snapshot (_tar.gz_ _zip_)"
+		return "snapshot (" . join(' ', map
+			$cgi->a({
+				-href => href(
+					action=>"snapshot",
+					hash=>$hash,
+					snapshot_format=>$_
+				)
+			}, $known_snapshot_formats{$_}{'display'})
+		, @snapshot_fmts) . ")";
+	} elsif ($num_fmts == 1) {
+		# A single "snapshot" link whose tooltip bears the format name.
+		# i.e. "_snapshot_"
+		my ($fmt) = @snapshot_fmts;
+		return
+			$cgi->a({
+				-href => href(
+					action=>"snapshot",
+					hash=>$hash,
+					snapshot_format=>$fmt
+				),
+				-title => "in format: $known_snapshot_formats{$fmt}{'display'}"
+			}, "snapshot");
+	} else { # $num_fmts == 0
+		return undef;
+	}
+}
+
+## ......................................................................
+## functions returning values to be passed, perhaps after some
+## transformation, to other functions; e.g. returning arguments to href()
+
+# returns hash to be passed to href to generate gitweb URL
+# in -title key it returns description of link
+sub get_feed_info {
+	my $format = shift || 'Atom';
+	my %res = (action => lc($format));
+
+	# feed links are possible only for project views
+	return unless (defined $project);
+	# some views should link to OPML, or to generic project feed,
+	# or don't have specific feed yet (so they should use generic)
+	return if ($action =~ /^(?:tags|heads|forks|tag|search)$/x);
+
+	my $branch;
+	# branches refs uses 'refs/heads/' prefix (fullname) to differentiate
+	# from tag links; this also makes possible to detect branch links
+	if ((defined $hash_base && $hash_base =~ m!^refs/heads/(.*)$!) ||
+	    (defined $hash      && $hash      =~ m!^refs/heads/(.*)$!)) {
+		$branch = $1;
+	}
+	# find log type for feed description (title)
+	my $type = 'log';
+	if (defined $file_name) {
+		$type  = "history of $file_name";
+		$type .= "/" if ($action eq 'tree');
+		$type .= " on '$branch'" if (defined $branch);
+	} else {
+		$type = "log of $branch" if (defined $branch);
+	}
+
+	$res{-title} = $type;
+	$res{'hash'} = (defined $branch ? "refs/heads/$branch" : undef);
+	$res{'file_name'} = $file_name;
+
+	return %res;
+}
+
 ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ## git utility subroutines, invoking git commands
 
@@ -944,9 +1958,13 @@ sub git_cmd {
 	return $GIT, '--git-dir='.$git_dir;
 }
 
-# returns path to the core git executable and the --git-dir parameter as string
-sub git_cmd_str {
-	return join(' ', git_cmd());
+# quote the given arguments for passing them to the shell
+# quote_command("command", "arg 1", "arg with ' and ! characters")
+# => "'command' 'arg 1' 'arg with '\'' and '\!' characters'"
+# Try to avoid using this function wherever possible.
+sub quote_command {
+	return join(' ',
+		map { my $a = $_; $a =~ s/(['!])/'\\$1'/g; "'$a'" } @_ );
 }
 
 # get HEAD ref of given project as hash
@@ -979,20 +1997,125 @@ sub git_get_type {
 	return $type;
 }
 
+# repository configuration
+our $config_file = '';
+our %config;
+
+# store multiple values for single key as anonymous array reference
+# single values stored directly in the hash, not as [ <value> ]
+sub hash_set_multi {
+	my ($hash, $key, $value) = @_;
+
+	if (!exists $hash->{$key}) {
+		$hash->{$key} = $value;
+	} elsif (!ref $hash->{$key}) {
+		$hash->{$key} = [ $hash->{$key}, $value ];
+	} else {
+		push @{$hash->{$key}}, $value;
+	}
+}
+
+# return hash of git project configuration
+# optionally limited to some section, e.g. 'gitweb'
+sub git_parse_project_config {
+	my $section_regexp = shift;
+	my %config;
+
+	local $/ = "\0";
+
+	open my $fh, "-|", git_cmd(), "config", '-z', '-l',
+		or return;
+
+	while (my $keyval = <$fh>) {
+		chomp $keyval;
+		my ($key, $value) = split(/\n/, $keyval, 2);
+
+		hash_set_multi(\%config, $key, $value)
+			if (!defined $section_regexp || $key =~ /^(?:$section_regexp)\./o);
+	}
+	close $fh;
+
+	return %config;
+}
+
+# convert config value to boolean: 'true' or 'false'
+# no value, number > 0, 'true' and 'yes' values are true
+# rest of values are treated as false (never as error)
+sub config_to_bool {
+	my $val = shift;
+
+	return 1 if !defined $val;             # section.key
+
+	# strip leading and trailing whitespace
+	$val =~ s/^\s+//;
+	$val =~ s/\s+$//;
+
+	return (($val =~ /^\d+$/ && $val) ||   # section.key = 1
+	        ($val =~ /^(?:true|yes)$/i));  # section.key = true
+}
+
+# convert config value to simple decimal number
+# an optional value suffix of 'k', 'm', or 'g' will cause the value
+# to be multiplied by 1024, 1048576, or 1073741824
+sub config_to_int {
+	my $val = shift;
+
+	# strip leading and trailing whitespace
+	$val =~ s/^\s+//;
+	$val =~ s/\s+$//;
+
+	if (my ($num, $unit) = ($val =~ /^([0-9]*)([kmg])$/i)) {
+		$unit = lc($unit);
+		# unknown unit is treated as 1
+		return $num * ($unit eq 'g' ? 1073741824 :
+		               $unit eq 'm' ?    1048576 :
+		               $unit eq 'k' ?       1024 : 1);
+	}
+	return $val;
+}
+
+# convert config value to array reference, if needed
+sub config_to_multi {
+	my $val = shift;
+
+	return ref($val) ? $val : (defined($val) ? [ $val ] : []);
+}
+
 sub git_get_project_config {
 	my ($key, $type) = @_;
 
+	# key sanity check
 	return unless ($key);
 	$key =~ s/^gitweb\.//;
 	return if ($key =~ m/\W/);
 
-	my @x = (git_cmd(), 'config');
-	if (defined $type) { push @x, $type; }
-	push @x, "--get";
-	push @x, "gitweb.$key";
-	my $val = qx(@x);
-	chomp $val;
-	return ($val);
+	# type sanity check
+	if (defined $type) {
+		$type =~ s/^--//;
+		$type = undef
+			unless ($type eq 'bool' || $type eq 'int');
+	}
+
+	# get config
+	if (!defined $config_file ||
+	    $config_file ne "$git_dir/config") {
+		%config = git_parse_project_config('gitweb');
+		$config_file = "$git_dir/config";
+	}
+
+	# check if config variable (key) exists
+	return unless exists $config{"gitweb.$key"};
+
+	# ensure given type
+	if (!defined $type) {
+		return $config{"gitweb.$key"};
+	} elsif ($type eq 'bool') {
+		# backward compatibility: 'git config --bool' returns true/false
+		return config_to_bool($config{"gitweb.$key"}) ? 'true' : 'false';
+	} elsif ($type eq 'int') {
+		return config_to_int($config{"gitweb.$key"});
+	}
+	return $config{"gitweb.$key"};
 }
 
 # get hash of given path at given ref
@@ -1004,10 +2127,15 @@ sub git_get_hash_by_path {
 	$path =~ s,/+$,,;
 
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", $base, "--", $path
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
 	my $line = <$fd>;
 	close $fd or return undef;
 
+	if (!defined $line) {
+		# there is no tree or hash given by $path at $base
+		return undef;
+	}
+
 	#'100644 blob 0fa3f3a66fb6a137f6ec2c19351ed4d807070ffa	panic.c'
 	$line =~ m/^([0-9]+) (.+) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\t/;
 	if (defined $type && $type ne $2) {
@@ -1017,23 +2145,119 @@ sub git_get_hash_by_path {
 	return $3;
 }
 
+# get path of entry with given hash at given tree-ish (ref)
+# used to get 'from' filename for combined diff (merge commit) for renames
+sub git_get_path_by_hash {
+	my $base = shift || return;
+	my $hash = shift || return;
+
+	local $/ = "\0";
+
+	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", '-r', '-t', '-z', $base
+		or return undef;
+	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+		chomp $line;
+
+		#'040000 tree 595596a6a9117ddba9fe379b6b012b558bac8423	gitweb'
+		#'100644 blob e02e90f0429be0d2a69b76571101f20b8f75530f	gitweb/README'
+		if ($line =~ m/(?:[0-9]+) (?:.+) $hash\t(.+)$/) {
+			close $fd;
+			return $1;
+		}
+	}
+	close $fd;
+	return undef;
+}
+
 ## ......................................................................
 ## git utility functions, directly accessing git repository
 
 sub git_get_project_description {
 	my $path = shift;
 
-	open my $fd, "$projectroot/$path/description" or return undef;
+	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
+	open my $fd, '<', "$git_dir/description"
+		or return git_get_project_config('description');
 	my $descr = <$fd>;
 	close $fd;
-	chomp $descr;
+	if (defined $descr) {
+		chomp $descr;
+	}
 	return $descr;
 }
 
+sub git_get_project_ctags {
+	my $path = shift;
+	my $ctags = {};
+
+	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
+	opendir my $dh, "$git_dir/ctags"
+		or return $ctags;
+	foreach (grep { -f $_ } map { "$git_dir/ctags/$_" } readdir($dh)) {
+		open my $ct, '<', $_ or next;
+		my $val = <$ct>;
+		chomp $val;
+		close $ct;
+		my $ctag = $_; $ctag =~ s#.*/##;
+		$ctags->{$ctag} = $val;
+	}
+	closedir $dh;
+	$ctags;
+}
+
+sub git_populate_project_tagcloud {
+	my $ctags = shift;
+
+	# First, merge different-cased tags; tags vote on casing
+	my %ctags_lc;
+	foreach (keys %$ctags) {
+		$ctags_lc{lc $_}->{count} += $ctags->{$_};
+		if (not $ctags_lc{lc $_}->{topcount}
+		    or $ctags_lc{lc $_}->{topcount} < $ctags->{$_}) {
+			$ctags_lc{lc $_}->{topcount} = $ctags->{$_};
+			$ctags_lc{lc $_}->{topname} = $_;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my $cloud;
+	if (eval { require HTML::TagCloud; 1; }) {
+		$cloud = HTML::TagCloud->new;
+		foreach (sort keys %ctags_lc) {
+			# Pad the title with spaces so that the cloud looks
+			# less crammed.
+			my $title = $ctags_lc{$_}->{topname};
+			$title =~ s/ /&nbsp;/g;
+			$title =~ s/^/&nbsp;/g;
+			$title =~ s/$/&nbsp;/g;
+			$cloud->add($title, $home_link."?by_tag=".$_, $ctags_lc{$_}->{count});
+		}
+	} else {
+		$cloud = \%ctags_lc;
+	}
+	$cloud;
+}
+
+sub git_show_project_tagcloud {
+	my ($cloud, $count) = @_;
+	print STDERR ref($cloud)."..\n";
+	if (ref $cloud eq 'HTML::TagCloud') {
+		return $cloud->html_and_css($count);
+	} else {
+		my @tags = sort { $cloud->{$a}->{count} <=> $cloud->{$b}->{count} } keys %$cloud;
+		return '<p align="center">' . join (', ', map {
+			"<a href=\"$home_link?by_tag=$_\">$cloud->{$_}->{topname}</a>"
+		} splice(@tags, 0, $count)) . '</p>';
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_get_project_url_list {
 	my $path = shift;
 
-	open my $fd, "$projectroot/$path/cloneurl" or return;
+	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
+	open my $fd, '<', "$git_dir/cloneurl"
+		or return wantarray ?
+		@{ config_to_multi(git_get_project_config('url')) } :
+		   config_to_multi(git_get_project_config('url'));
 	my @git_project_url_list = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
 	close $fd;
 
@@ -1047,30 +2271,36 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 	$filter ||= '';
 	$filter =~ s/\.git$//;
 
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+
 	if (-d $projects_list) {
 		# search in directory
 		my $dir = $projects_list . ($filter ? "/$filter" : '');
 		# remove the trailing "/"
 		$dir =~ s!/+$!!;
 		my $pfxlen = length("$dir");
-
-		my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+		my $pfxdepth = ($dir =~ tr!/!!);
 
 		File::Find::find({
 			follow_fast => 1, # follow symbolic links
+			follow_skip => 2, # ignore duplicates
 			dangling_symlinks => 0, # ignore dangling symlinks, silently
 			wanted => sub {
 				# skip project-list toplevel, if we get it.
 				return if (m!^[/.]$!);
 				# only directories can be git repositories
 				return unless (-d $_);
+				# don't traverse too deep (Find is super slow on os x)
+				if (($File::Find::name =~ tr!/!!) - $pfxdepth > $project_maxdepth) {
+					$File::Find::prune = 1;
+					return;
+				}
 
 				my $subdir = substr($File::Find::name, $pfxlen + 1);
 				# we check related file in $projectroot
-				if ($check_forks and $subdir =~ m#/.#) {
-					$File::Find::prune = 1;
-				} elsif (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$filter/$subdir")) {
-					push @list, { path => ($filter ? "$filter/" : '') . $subdir };
+				my $path = ($filter ? "$filter/" : '') . $subdir;
+				if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$path")) {
+					push @list, { path => $path };
 					$File::Find::prune = 1;
 				}
 			},
@@ -1081,7 +2311,9 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 		# 'git%2Fgit.git Linus+Torvalds'
 		# 'libs%2Fklibc%2Fklibc.git H.+Peter+Anvin'
 		# 'linux%2Fhotplug%2Fudev.git Greg+Kroah-Hartman'
-		open my ($fd), $projects_list or return;
+		my %paths;
+		open my $fd, '<', $projects_list or return;
+	PROJECT:
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 			chomp $line;
 			my ($path, $owner) = split ' ', $line;
@@ -1094,11 +2326,27 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 				# looking for forks;
 				my $pfx = substr($path, 0, length($filter));
 				if ($pfx ne $filter) {
-					next;
+					next PROJECT;
 				}
 				my $sfx = substr($path, length($filter));
 				if ($sfx !~ /^\/.*\.git$/) {
-					next;
+					next PROJECT;
+				}
+			} elsif ($check_forks) {
+			PATH:
+				foreach my $filter (keys %paths) {
+					# looking for forks;
+					my $pfx = substr($path, 0, length($filter));
+					if ($pfx ne $filter) {
+						next PATH;
+					}
+					my $sfx = substr($path, length($filter));
+					if ($sfx !~ /^\/.*\.git$/) {
+						next PATH;
+					}
+					# is a fork, don't include it in
+					# the list
+					next PROJECT;
 				}
 			}
 			if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$path")) {
@@ -1106,41 +2354,58 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 					path => $path,
 					owner => to_utf8($owner),
 				};
-				push @list, $pr
+				push @list, $pr;
+				(my $forks_path = $path) =~ s/\.git$//;
+				$paths{$forks_path}++;
 			}
 		}
 		close $fd;
 	}
-	@list = sort {$a->{'path'} cmp $b->{'path'}} @list;
 	return @list;
 }
 
-sub git_get_project_owner {
-	my $project = shift;
-	my $owner;
+our $gitweb_project_owner = undef;
+sub git_get_project_list_from_file {
 
-	return undef unless $project;
+	return if (defined $gitweb_project_owner);
 
+	$gitweb_project_owner = {};
 	# read from file (url-encoded):
 	# 'git%2Fgit.git Linus+Torvalds'
 	# 'libs%2Fklibc%2Fklibc.git H.+Peter+Anvin'
 	# 'linux%2Fhotplug%2Fudev.git Greg+Kroah-Hartman'
 	if (-f $projects_list) {
-		open (my $fd , $projects_list);
+		open(my $fd, '<', $projects_list);
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 			chomp $line;
 			my ($pr, $ow) = split ' ', $line;
 			$pr = unescape($pr);
 			$ow = unescape($ow);
-			if ($pr eq $project) {
-				$owner = to_utf8($ow);
-				last;
-			}
+			$gitweb_project_owner->{$pr} = to_utf8($ow);
 		}
 		close $fd;
 	}
+}
+
+sub git_get_project_owner {
+	my $project = shift;
+	my $owner;
+
+	return undef unless $project;
+	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$project";
+
+	if (!defined $gitweb_project_owner) {
+		git_get_project_list_from_file();
+	}
+
+	if (exists $gitweb_project_owner->{$project}) {
+		$owner = $gitweb_project_owner->{$project};
+	}
+	if (!defined $owner){
+		$owner = git_get_project_config('owner');
+	}
 	if (!defined $owner) {
-		$owner = get_file_owner("$projectroot/$project");
+		$owner = get_file_owner("$git_dir");
 	}
 
 	return $owner;
@@ -1158,11 +2423,13 @@ sub git_get_last_activity {
 	     'refs/heads') or return;
 	my $most_recent = <$fd>;
 	close $fd or return;
-	if ($most_recent =~ / (\d+) [-+][01]\d\d\d$/) {
+	if (defined $most_recent &&
+	    $most_recent =~ / (\d+) [-+][01]\d\d\d$/) {
 		my $timestamp = $1;
 		my $age = time - $timestamp;
 		return ($age, age_string($age));
 	}
+	return (undef, undef);
 }
 
 sub git_get_references {
@@ -1176,7 +2443,7 @@ sub git_get_references {
 
 	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 		chomp $line;
-		if ($line =~ m!^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\srefs/($type/?[^^]+)!) {
+		if ($line =~ m!^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\srefs/($type.*)$!) {
 			if (defined $refs{$1}) {
 				push @{$refs{$1}}, $2;
 			} else {
@@ -1225,7 +2492,7 @@ sub parse_date {
 	$date{'mday-time'} = sprintf "%d %s %02d:%02d",
 	                     $mday, $months[$mon], $hour ,$min;
 	$date{'iso-8601'}  = sprintf "%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02dZ",
-	                     1900+$year, $mon, $mday, $hour ,$min, $sec;
+	                     1900+$year, 1+$mon, $mday, $hour ,$min, $sec;
 
 	$tz =~ m/^([+\-][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])$/;
 	my $local = $epoch + ((int $1 + ($2/60)) * 3600);
@@ -1256,8 +2523,14 @@ sub parse_tag {
 			$tag{'name'} = $1;
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/^tagger (.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/) {
 			$tag{'author'} = $1;
-			$tag{'epoch'} = $2;
-			$tag{'tz'} = $3;
+			$tag{'author_epoch'} = $2;
+			$tag{'author_tz'} = $3;
+			if ($tag{'author'} =~ m/^([^<]+) <([^>]*)>/) {
+				$tag{'author_name'}  = $1;
+				$tag{'author_email'} = $2;
+			} else {
+				$tag{'author_name'} = $tag{'author'};
+			}
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/--BEGIN/) {
 			push @comment, $line;
 			last;
@@ -1281,8 +2554,12 @@ sub parse_commit_text {
 
 	pop @commit_lines; # Remove '\0'
 
+	if (! @commit_lines) {
+		return;
+	}
+
 	my $header = shift @commit_lines;
-	if (!($header =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/)) {
+	if ($header !~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/) {
 		return;
 	}
 	($co{'id'}, my @parents) = split ' ', $header;
@@ -1346,7 +2623,7 @@ sub parse_commit_text {
 			last;
 		}
 	}
-	if ($co{'title'} eq "") {
+	if (! defined $co{'title'} || $co{'title'} eq "") {
 		$co{'title'} = $co{'title_short'} = '(no commit message)';
 	}
 	# remove added spaces
@@ -1381,7 +2658,7 @@ sub parse_commit {
 		"--max-count=1",
 		$commit_id,
 		"--",
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-rev-list failed");
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-rev-list failed");
 	%co = parse_commit_text(<$fd>, 1);
 	close $fd;
 
@@ -1389,7 +2666,7 @@ sub parse_commit {
 }
 
 sub parse_commits {
-	my ($commit_id, $maxcount, $skip, $arg, $filename) = @_;
+	my ($commit_id, $maxcount, $skip, $filename, @args) = @_;
 	my @cos;
 
 	$maxcount ||= 1;
@@ -1399,13 +2676,14 @@ sub parse_commits {
 
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "rev-list",
 		"--header",
-		($arg ? ($arg) : ()),
+		@args,
 		("--max-count=" . $maxcount),
 		("--skip=" . $skip),
+		@extra_options,
 		$commit_id,
 		"--",
 		($filename ? ($filename) : ())
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-rev-list failed");
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-rev-list failed");
 	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 		my %co = parse_commit_text($line);
 		push @cos, \%co;
@@ -1415,49 +2693,6 @@ sub parse_commits {
 	return wantarray ? @cos : \@cos;
 }
 
-# parse ref from ref_file, given by ref_id, with given type
-sub parse_ref {
-	my $ref_file = shift;
-	my $ref_id = shift;
-	my $type = shift || git_get_type($ref_id);
-	my %ref_item;
-
-	$ref_item{'type'} = $type;
-	$ref_item{'id'} = $ref_id;
-	$ref_item{'epoch'} = 0;
-	$ref_item{'age'} = "unknown";
-	if ($type eq "tag") {
-		my %tag = parse_tag($ref_id);
-		$ref_item{'comment'} = $tag{'comment'};
-		if ($tag{'type'} eq "commit") {
-			my %co = parse_commit($tag{'object'});
-			$ref_item{'epoch'} = $co{'committer_epoch'};
-			$ref_item{'age'} = $co{'age_string'};
-		} elsif (defined($tag{'epoch'})) {
-			my $age = time - $tag{'epoch'};
-			$ref_item{'epoch'} = $tag{'epoch'};
-			$ref_item{'age'} = age_string($age);
-		}
-		$ref_item{'reftype'} = $tag{'type'};
-		$ref_item{'name'} = $tag{'name'};
-		$ref_item{'refid'} = $tag{'object'};
-	} elsif ($type eq "commit"){
-		my %co = parse_commit($ref_id);
-		$ref_item{'reftype'} = "commit";
-		$ref_item{'name'} = $ref_file;
-		$ref_item{'title'} = $co{'title'};
-		$ref_item{'refid'} = $ref_id;
-		$ref_item{'epoch'} = $co{'committer_epoch'};
-		$ref_item{'age'} = $co{'age_string'};
-	} else {
-		$ref_item{'reftype'} = $type;
-		$ref_item{'name'} = $ref_file;
-		$ref_item{'refid'} = $ref_id;
-	}
-
-	return %ref_item;
-}
-
 # parse line of git-diff-tree "raw" output
 sub parse_difftree_raw_line {
 	my $line = shift;
@@ -1475,9 +2710,20 @@ sub parse_difftree_raw_line {
 		if ($res{'status'} eq 'R' || $res{'status'} eq 'C') { # renamed or copied
 			($res{'from_file'}, $res{'to_file'}) = map { unquote($_) } split("\t", $7);
 		} else {
-			$res{'file'} = unquote($7);
+			$res{'from_file'} = $res{'to_file'} = $res{'file'} = unquote($7);
 		}
 	}
+	# '::100755 100755 100755 60e79ca1b01bc8b057abe17ddab484699a7f5fdb 94067cc5f73388f33722d52ae02f44692bc07490 94067cc5f73388f33722d52ae02f44692bc07490 MR	git-gui/git-gui.sh'
+	# combined diff (for merge commit)
+	elsif ($line =~ s/^(::+)((?:[0-7]{6} )+)((?:[0-9a-fA-F]{40} )+)([a-zA-Z]+)\t(.*)$//) {
+		$res{'nparents'}  = length($1);
+		$res{'from_mode'} = [ split(' ', $2) ];
+		$res{'to_mode'} = pop @{$res{'from_mode'}};
+		$res{'from_id'} = [ split(' ', $3) ];
+		$res{'to_id'} = pop @{$res{'from_id'}};
+		$res{'status'} = [ split('', $4) ];
+		$res{'to_file'} = unquote($5);
+	}
 	# 'c512b523472485aef4fff9e57b229d9d243c967f'
 	elsif ($line =~ m/^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})$/) {
 		$res{'commit'} = $1;
@@ -1486,8 +2732,21 @@ sub parse_difftree_raw_line {
 	return wantarray ? %res : \%res;
 }
 
+# wrapper: return parsed line of git-diff-tree "raw" output
+# (the argument might be raw line, or parsed info)
+sub parsed_difftree_line {
+	my $line_or_ref = shift;
+
+	if (ref($line_or_ref) eq "HASH") {
+		# pre-parsed (or generated by hand)
+		return $line_or_ref;
+	} else {
+		return parse_difftree_raw_line($line_or_ref);
+	}
+}
+
 # parse line of git-ls-tree output
-sub parse_ls_tree_line ($;%) {
+sub parse_ls_tree_line {
 	my $line = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 	my %res;
@@ -1507,6 +2766,52 @@ sub parse_ls_tree_line ($;%) {
 	return wantarray ? %res : \%res;
 }
 
+# generates _two_ hashes, references to which are passed as 2 and 3 argument
+sub parse_from_to_diffinfo {
+	my ($diffinfo, $from, $to, @parents) = @_;
+
+	if ($diffinfo->{'nparents'}) {
+		# combined diff
+		$from->{'file'} = [];
+		$from->{'href'} = [];
+		fill_from_file_info($diffinfo, @parents)
+			unless exists $diffinfo->{'from_file'};
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < $diffinfo->{'nparents'}; $i++) {
+			$from->{'file'}[$i] =
+				defined $diffinfo->{'from_file'}[$i] ?
+				        $diffinfo->{'from_file'}[$i] :
+				        $diffinfo->{'to_file'};
+			if ($diffinfo->{'status'}[$i] ne "A") { # not new (added) file
+				$from->{'href'}[$i] = href(action=>"blob",
+				                           hash_base=>$parents[$i],
+				                           hash=>$diffinfo->{'from_id'}[$i],
+				                           file_name=>$from->{'file'}[$i]);
+			} else {
+				$from->{'href'}[$i] = undef;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		# ordinary (not combined) diff
+		$from->{'file'} = $diffinfo->{'from_file'};
+		if ($diffinfo->{'status'} ne "A") { # not new (added) file
+			$from->{'href'} = href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$hash_parent,
+			                       hash=>$diffinfo->{'from_id'},
+			                       file_name=>$from->{'file'});
+		} else {
+			delete $from->{'href'};
+		}
+	}
+
+	$to->{'file'} = $diffinfo->{'to_file'};
+	if (!is_deleted($diffinfo)) { # file exists in result
+		$to->{'href'} = href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$hash,
+		                     hash=>$diffinfo->{'to_id'},
+		                     file_name=>$to->{'file'});
+	} else {
+		delete $to->{'href'};
+	}
+}
+
 ## ......................................................................
 ## parse to array of hashes functions
 
@@ -1527,6 +2832,7 @@ sub git_get_heads_list {
 		my ($hash, $name, $title) = split(' ', $refinfo, 3);
 		my ($committer, $epoch, $tz) =
 			($committerinfo =~ /^(.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/);
+		$ref_item{'fullname'}  = $name;
 		$name =~ s!^refs/heads/!!;
 
 		$ref_item{'name'}  = $name;
@@ -1564,6 +2870,7 @@ sub git_get_tags_list {
 		my ($id, $type, $name, $refid, $reftype, $title) = split(' ', $refinfo, 6);
 		my ($creator, $epoch, $tz) =
 			($creatorinfo =~ /^(.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/);
+		$ref_item{'fullname'} = $name;
 		$name =~ s!^refs/tags/!!;
 
 		$ref_item{'type'} = $type;
@@ -1610,6 +2917,15 @@ sub get_file_owner {
 	return to_utf8($owner);
 }
 
+# assume that file exists
+sub insert_file {
+	my $filename = shift;
+
+	open my $fd, '<', $filename;
+	print map { to_utf8($_) } <$fd>;
+	close $fd;
+}
+
 ## ......................................................................
 ## mimetype related functions
 
@@ -1619,18 +2935,18 @@ sub mimetype_guess_file {
 	-r $mimemap or return undef;
 
 	my %mimemap;
-	open(MIME, $mimemap) or return undef;
-	while (<MIME>) {
+	open(my $mh, '<', $mimemap) or return undef;
+	while (<$mh>) {
 		next if m/^#/; # skip comments
-		my ($mime, $exts) = split(/\t+/);
+		my ($mimetype, $exts) = split(/\t+/);
 		if (defined $exts) {
 			my @exts = split(/\s+/, $exts);
 			foreach my $ext (@exts) {
-				$mimemap{$ext} = $mime;
+				$mimemap{$ext} = $mimetype;
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	close(MIME);
+	close($mh);
 
 	$filename =~ /\.([^.]*)$/;
 	return $mimemap{$1};
@@ -1666,8 +2982,7 @@ sub blob_mimetype {
 	return $default_blob_plain_mimetype unless $fd;
 
 	if (-T $fd) {
-		return 'text/plain' .
-		       ($default_text_plain_charset ? '; charset='.$default_text_plain_charset : '');
+		return 'text/plain';
 	} elsif (! $filename) {
 		return 'application/octet-stream';
 	} elsif ($filename =~ m/\.png$/i) {
@@ -1681,6 +2996,17 @@ sub blob_mimetype {
 	}
 }
 
+sub blob_contenttype {
+	my ($fd, $file_name, $type) = @_;
+
+	$type ||= blob_mimetype($fd, $file_name);
+	if ($type eq 'text/plain' && defined $default_text_plain_charset) {
+		$type .= "; charset=$default_text_plain_charset";
+	}
+
+	return $type;
+}
+
 ## ======================================================================
 ## functions printing HTML: header, footer, error page
 
@@ -1728,9 +3054,14 @@ sub git_header_html {
 <meta name="robots" content="index, nofollow"/>
 <title>$title</title>
 EOF
-# print out each stylesheet that exist
+	# the stylesheet, favicon etc urls won't work correctly with path_info
+	# unless we set the appropriate base URL
+	if ($ENV{'PATH_INFO'}) {
+		print "<base href=\"".esc_url($base_url)."\" />\n";
+	}
+	# print out each stylesheet that exist, providing backwards capability
+	# for those people who defined $stylesheet in a config file
 	if (defined $stylesheet) {
-#provides backwards capability for those people who define style sheet in a config file
 		print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$stylesheet.'"/>'."\n";
 	} else {
 		foreach my $stylesheet (@stylesheets) {
@@ -1739,31 +3070,56 @@ EOF
 		}
 	}
 	if (defined $project) {
-		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s log RSS feed" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="application/rss+xml" />'."\n",
-		       esc_param($project), href(action=>"rss"));
-		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s log Atom feed" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="application/atom+xml" />'."\n",
-		       esc_param($project), href(action=>"atom"));
+		my %href_params = get_feed_info();
+		if (!exists $href_params{'-title'}) {
+			$href_params{'-title'} = 'log';
+		}
+
+		foreach my $format qw(RSS Atom) {
+			my $type = lc($format);
+			my %link_attr = (
+				'-rel' => 'alternate',
+				'-title' => "$project - $href_params{'-title'} - $format feed",
+				'-type' => "application/$type+xml"
+			);
+
+			$href_params{'action'} = $type;
+			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
+			print "<link ".
+			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
+			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
+			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
+			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
+			      "/>\n";
+
+			$href_params{'extra_options'} = '--no-merges';
+			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
+			$link_attr{'-title'} .= ' (no merges)';
+			print "<link ".
+			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
+			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
+			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
+			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
+			      "/>\n";
+		}
+
 	} else {
 		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects list" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8"/>'."\n",
+		       'href="%s" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />'."\n",
 		       $site_name, href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index"));
 		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects feeds" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="text/x-opml"/>'."\n",
+		       'href="%s" type="text/x-opml" />'."\n",
 		       $site_name, href(project=>undef, action=>"opml"));
 	}
 	if (defined $favicon) {
-		print qq(<link rel="shortcut icon" href="$favicon" type="image/png"/>\n);
+		print qq(<link rel="shortcut icon" href="$favicon" type="image/png" />\n);
 	}
 
 	print "</head>\n" .
 	      "<body>\n";
 
 	if (-f $site_header) {
-		open (my $fd, $site_header);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($site_header);
 	}
 
 	print "<div class=\"page_header\">\n" .
@@ -1778,8 +3134,10 @@ EOF
 		}
 		print "\n";
 	}
-	my ($have_search) = gitweb_check_feature('search');
-	if ((defined $project) && ($have_search)) {
+	print "</div>\n";
+
+	my $have_search = gitweb_check_feature('search');
+	if (defined $project && $have_search) {
 		if (!defined $searchtext) {
 			$searchtext = "";
 		}
@@ -1791,59 +3149,90 @@ EOF
 		} else {
 			$search_hash = "HEAD";
 		}
-		$cgi->param("a", "search");
-		$cgi->param("h", $search_hash);
-		$cgi->param("p", $project);
-		print $cgi->startform(-method => "get", -action => $my_uri) .
+		my $action = $my_uri;
+		my $use_pathinfo = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
+		if ($use_pathinfo) {
+			$action .= "/".esc_url($project);
+		}
+		print $cgi->startform(-method => "get", -action => $action) .
 		      "<div class=\"search\">\n" .
-		      $cgi->hidden(-name => "p") . "\n" .
-		      $cgi->hidden(-name => "a") . "\n" .
-		      $cgi->hidden(-name => "h") . "\n" .
+		      (!$use_pathinfo &&
+		      $cgi->input({-name=>"p", -value=>$project, -type=>"hidden"}) . "\n") .
+		      $cgi->input({-name=>"a", -value=>"search", -type=>"hidden"}) . "\n" .
+		      $cgi->input({-name=>"h", -value=>$search_hash, -type=>"hidden"}) . "\n" .
 		      $cgi->popup_menu(-name => 'st', -default => 'commit',
-		                       -values => ['commit', 'author', 'committer', 'pickaxe']) .
+		                       -values => ['commit', 'grep', 'author', 'committer', 'pickaxe']) .
 		      $cgi->sup($cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search_help")}, "?")) .
 		      " search:\n",
 		      $cgi->textfield(-name => "s", -value => $searchtext) . "\n" .
+		      "<span title=\"Extended regular expression\">" .
+		      $cgi->checkbox(-name => 'sr', -value => 1, -label => 're',
+		                     -checked => $search_use_regexp) .
+		      "</span>" .
 		      "</div>" .
 		      $cgi->end_form() . "\n";
 	}
-	print "</div>\n";
 }
 
 sub git_footer_html {
+	my $feed_class = 'rss_logo';
+
 	print "<div class=\"page_footer\">\n";
 	if (defined $project) {
 		my $descr = git_get_project_description($project);
 		if (defined $descr) {
 			print "<div class=\"page_footer_text\">" . esc_html($descr) . "</div>\n";
 		}
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"rss"),
-		              -class => "rss_logo"}, "RSS") . " ";
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"atom"),
-		              -class => "rss_logo"}, "Atom") . "\n";
+
+		my %href_params = get_feed_info();
+		if (!%href_params) {
+			$feed_class .= ' generic';
+		}
+		$href_params{'-title'} ||= 'log';
+
+		foreach my $format qw(RSS Atom) {
+			$href_params{'action'} = lc($format);
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(%href_params),
+			              -title => "$href_params{'-title'} $format feed",
+			              -class => $feed_class}, $format)."\n";
+		}
+
 	} else {
 		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"opml"),
-		              -class => "rss_logo"}, "OPML") . " ";
+		              -class => $feed_class}, "OPML") . " ";
 		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index"),
-		              -class => "rss_logo"}, "TXT") . "\n";
+		              -class => $feed_class}, "TXT") . "\n";
 	}
-	print "</div>\n" ;
+	print "</div>\n"; # class="page_footer"
 
 	if (-f $site_footer) {
-		open (my $fd, $site_footer);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($site_footer);
 	}
 
 	print "</body>\n" .
 	      "</html>";
 }
 
+# die_error(<http_status_code>, <error_message>)
+# Example: die_error(404, 'Hash not found')
+# By convention, use the following status codes (as defined in RFC 2616):
+# 400: Invalid or missing CGI parameters, or
+#      requested object exists but has wrong type.
+# 403: Requested feature (like "pickaxe" or "snapshot") not enabled on
+#      this server or project.
+# 404: Requested object/revision/project doesn't exist.
+# 500: The server isn't configured properly, or
+#      an internal error occurred (e.g. failed assertions caused by bugs), or
+#      an unknown error occurred (e.g. the git binary died unexpectedly).
 sub die_error {
-	my $status = shift || "403 Forbidden";
-	my $error = shift || "Malformed query, file missing or permission denied";
-
-	git_header_html($status);
+	my $status = shift || 500;
+	my $error = shift || "Internal server error";
+
+	my %http_responses = (400 => '400 Bad Request',
+			      403 => '403 Forbidden',
+			      404 => '404 Not Found',
+			      500 => '500 Internal Server Error');
+	git_header_html($http_responses{$status});
 	print <<EOF;
 <div class="page_body">
 <br /><br />
@@ -1878,20 +3267,38 @@ sub git_print_page_nav {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
 	$arg{'tree'}{'hash'} = $treehead if defined $treehead;
 	$arg{'tree'}{'hash_base'} = $treebase if defined $treebase;
 
+	my @actions = gitweb_get_feature('actions');
+	my %repl = (
+		'%' => '%',
+		'n' => $project,         # project name
+		'f' => $git_dir,         # project path within filesystem
+		'h' => $treehead || '',  # current hash ('h' parameter)
+		'b' => $treebase || '',  # hash base ('hb' parameter)
+	);
+	while (@actions) {
+		my ($label, $link, $pos) = splice(@actions,0,3);
+		# insert
+		@navs = map { $_ eq $pos ? ($_, $label) : $_ } @navs;
+		# munch munch
+		$link =~ s/%([%nfhb])/$repl{$1}/g;
+		$arg{$label}{'_href'} = $link;
+	}
+
 	print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n" .
 		(join " | ",
 		 map { $_ eq $current ?
-		       $_ : $cgi->a({-href => href(%{$arg{$_}})}, "$_")
+		       $_ : $cgi->a({-href => ($arg{$_}{_href} ? $arg{$_}{_href} : href(%{$arg{$_}}))}, "$_")
 		 } @navs);
 	print "<br/>\n$extra<br/>\n" .
 	      "</div>\n";
 }
 
 sub format_paging_nav {
-	my ($action, $hash, $head, $page, $nrevs) = @_;
+	my ($action, $hash, $head, $page, $has_next_link) = @_;
 	my $paging_nav;
 
 
@@ -1903,15 +3310,15 @@ sub format_paging_nav {
 
 	if ($page > 0) {
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$action, hash=>$hash, page=>$page-1),
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page-1),
 			         -accesskey => "p", -title => "Alt-p"}, "prev");
 	} else {
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; prev";
 	}
 
-	if ($nrevs >= (100 * ($page+1)-1)) {
+	if ($has_next_link) {
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$action, hash=>$hash, page=>$page+1),
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
 			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
 	} else {
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; next";
@@ -1937,22 +3344,54 @@ sub git_print_header_div {
 	      "\n</div>\n";
 }
 
-#sub git_print_authorship (\%) {
+sub print_local_time {
+	my %date = @_;
+	if ($date{'hour_local'} < 6) {
+		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
+			$date{'hour_local'}, $date{'minute_local'}, $date{'tz_local'});
+	} else {
+		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
+			$date{'hour_local'}, $date{'minute_local'}, $date{'tz_local'});
+	}
+}
+
+# Outputs the author name and date in long form
 sub git_print_authorship {
 	my $co = shift;
+	my %opts = @_;
+	my $tag = $opts{-tag} || 'div';
 
 	my %ad = parse_date($co->{'author_epoch'}, $co->{'author_tz'});
-	print "<div class=\"author_date\">" .
+	print "<$tag class=\"author_date\">" .
 	      esc_html($co->{'author_name'}) .
 	      " [$ad{'rfc2822'}";
-	if ($ad{'hour_local'} < 6) {
-		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	} else {
-		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
+	print_local_time(%ad) if ($opts{-localtime});
+	print "]" . git_get_avatar($co->{'author_email'}, -pad_before => 1)
+		  . "</$tag>\n";
+}
+
+# Outputs table rows containing the full author or committer information,
+# in the format expected for 'commit' view (& similia).
+# Parameters are a commit hash reference, followed by the list of people
+# to output information for. If the list is empty it defalts to both
+# author and committer.
+sub git_print_authorship_rows {
+	my $co = shift;
+	# too bad we can't use @people = @_ || ('author', 'committer')
+	my @people = @_;
+	@people = ('author', 'committer') unless @people;
+	foreach my $who (@people) {
+		my %wd = parse_date($co->{"${who}_epoch"}, $co->{"${who}_tz"});
+		print "<tr><td>$who</td><td>" . esc_html($co->{$who}) . "</td>" .
+		      "<td rowspan=\"2\">" .
+		      git_get_avatar($co->{"${who}_email"}, -size => 'double') .
+		      "</td></tr>\n" .
+		      "<tr>" .
+		      "<td></td><td> $wd{'rfc2822'}";
+		print_local_time(%wd);
+		print "</td>" .
+		      "</tr>\n";
 	}
-	print "]</div>\n";
 }
 
 sub git_print_page_path {
@@ -1993,8 +3432,7 @@ sub git_print_page_path {
 	print "<br/></div>\n";
 }
 
-# sub git_print_log (\@;%) {
-sub git_print_log ($;%) {
+sub git_print_log {
 	my $log = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 
@@ -2052,7 +3490,7 @@ sub git_get_link_target {
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash
 		or return;
 	{
-		local $/;
+		local $/ = undef;
 		$link_target = <$fd>;
 	}
 	close $fd
@@ -2065,10 +3503,7 @@ sub git_get_link_target {
 # return target of link relative to top directory (top tree);
 # return undef if it is not possible (including absolute links).
 sub normalize_link_target {
-	my ($link_target, $basedir, $hash_base) = @_;
-
-	# we can normalize symlink target only if $hash_base is provided
-	return unless $hash_base;
+	my ($link_target, $basedir) = @_;
 
 	# absolute symlinks (beginning with '/') cannot be normalized
 	return if (substr($link_target, 0, 1) eq '/');
@@ -2124,7 +3559,7 @@ sub git_print_tree_entry {
 		if (S_ISLNK(oct $t->{'mode'})) {
 			my $link_target = git_get_link_target($t->{'hash'});
 			if ($link_target) {
-				my $norm_target = normalize_link_target($link_target, $basedir, $hash_base);
+				my $norm_target = normalize_link_target($link_target, $basedir);
 				if (defined $norm_target) {
 					print " -> " .
 					      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash_base=>$hash_base,
@@ -2175,26 +3610,99 @@ sub git_print_tree_entry {
 			              "history");
 		}
 		print "</td>\n";
+	} else {
+		# unknown object: we can only present history for it
+		# (this includes 'commit' object, i.e. submodule support)
+		print "<td class=\"list\">" .
+		      esc_path($t->{'name'}) .
+		      "</td>\n";
+		print "<td class=\"link\">";
+		if (defined $hash_base) {
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history",
+			                             hash_base=>$hash_base,
+			                             file_name=>"$basedir$t->{'name'}")},
+			              "history");
+		}
+		print "</td>\n";
 	}
 }
 
 ## ......................................................................
 ## functions printing large fragments of HTML
 
+# get pre-image filenames for merge (combined) diff
+sub fill_from_file_info {
+	my ($diff, @parents) = @_;
+
+	$diff->{'from_file'} = [ ];
+	$diff->{'from_file'}[$diff->{'nparents'} - 1] = undef;
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < $diff->{'nparents'}; $i++) {
+		if ($diff->{'status'}[$i] eq 'R' ||
+		    $diff->{'status'}[$i] eq 'C') {
+			$diff->{'from_file'}[$i] =
+				git_get_path_by_hash($parents[$i], $diff->{'from_id'}[$i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return $diff;
+}
+
+# is current raw difftree line of file deletion
+sub is_deleted {
+	my $diffinfo = shift;
+
+	return $diffinfo->{'to_id'} eq ('0' x 40);
+}
+
+# does patch correspond to [previous] difftree raw line
+# $diffinfo  - hashref of parsed raw diff format
+# $patchinfo - hashref of parsed patch diff format
+#              (the same keys as in $diffinfo)
+sub is_patch_split {
+	my ($diffinfo, $patchinfo) = @_;
+
+	return defined $diffinfo && defined $patchinfo
+		&& $diffinfo->{'to_file'} eq $patchinfo->{'to_file'};
+}
+
+
 sub git_difftree_body {
-	my ($difftree, $hash, $parent) = @_;
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my ($difftree, $hash, @parents) = @_;
+	my ($parent) = $parents[0];
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	print "<div class=\"list_head\">\n";
 	if ($#{$difftree} > 10) {
 		print(($#{$difftree} + 1) . " files changed:\n");
 	}
 	print "</div>\n";
 
-	print "<table class=\"diff_tree\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"" .
+	      (@parents > 1 ? "combined " : "") .
+	      "diff_tree\">\n";
+
+	# header only for combined diff in 'commitdiff' view
+	my $has_header = @$difftree && @parents > 1 && $action eq 'commitdiff';
+	if ($has_header) {
+		# table header
+		print "<thead><tr>\n" .
+		       "<th></th><th></th>\n"; # filename, patchN link
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < @parents; $i++) {
+			my $par = $parents[$i];
+			print "<th>" .
+			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
+			                             hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>$par),
+			               -title => 'commitdiff to parent number ' .
+			                          ($i+1) . ': ' . substr($par,0,7)},
+			              $i+1) .
+			      "&nbsp;</th>\n";
+		}
+		print "</tr></thead>\n<tbody>\n";
+	}
+
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	my $patchno = 0;
 	foreach my $line (@{$difftree}) {
-		my %diff = parse_difftree_raw_line($line);
+		my $diff = parsed_difftree_line($line);
 
 		if ($alternate) {
 			print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
@@ -2203,31 +3711,120 @@ sub git_difftree_body {
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
 
+		if (exists $diff->{'nparents'}) { # combined diff
+
+			fill_from_file_info($diff, @parents)
+				unless exists $diff->{'from_file'};
+
+			if (!is_deleted($diff)) {
+				# file exists in the result (child) commit
+				print "<td>" .
+				      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'},
+				                             hash_base=>$hash),
+				              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'to_file'})) .
+				      "</td>\n";
+			} else {
+				print "<td>" .
+				      esc_path($diff->{'to_file'}) .
+				      "</td>\n";
+			}
+
+			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
+				# link to patch
+				$patchno++;
+				print "<td class=\"link\">" .
+				      $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
+				      " | " .
+				      "</td>\n";
+			}
+
+			my $has_history = 0;
+			my $not_deleted = 0;
+			for (my $i = 0; $i < $diff->{'nparents'}; $i++) {
+				my $hash_parent = $parents[$i];
+				my $from_hash = $diff->{'from_id'}[$i];
+				my $from_path = $diff->{'from_file'}[$i];
+				my $status = $diff->{'status'}[$i];
+
+				$has_history ||= ($status ne 'A');
+				$not_deleted ||= ($status ne 'D');
+
+				if ($status eq 'A') {
+					print "<td  class=\"link\" align=\"right\"> | </td>\n";
+				} elsif ($status eq 'D') {
+					print "<td class=\"link\">" .
+					      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob",
+					                             hash_base=>$hash,
+					                             hash=>$from_hash,
+					                             file_name=>$from_path)},
+					              "blob" . ($i+1)) .
+					      " | </td>\n";
+				} else {
+					if ($diff->{'to_id'} eq $from_hash) {
+						print "<td class=\"link nochange\">";
+					} else {
+						print "<td class=\"link\">";
+					}
+					print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff",
+					                             hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+					                             hash_parent=>$from_hash,
+					                             hash_base=>$hash,
+					                             hash_parent_base=>$hash_parent,
+					                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'},
+					                             file_parent=>$from_path)},
+					              "diff" . ($i+1)) .
+					      " | </td>\n";
+				}
+			}
+
+			print "<td class=\"link\">";
+			if ($not_deleted) {
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob",
+				                             hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'},
+				                             hash_base=>$hash)},
+				              "blob");
+				print " | " if ($has_history);
+			}
+			if ($has_history) {
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history",
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'},
+				                             hash_base=>$hash)},
+				              "history");
+			}
+			print "</td>\n";
+
+			print "</tr>\n";
+			next; # instead of 'else' clause, to avoid extra indent
+		}
+		# else ordinary diff
+
 		my ($to_mode_oct, $to_mode_str, $to_file_type);
 		my ($from_mode_oct, $from_mode_str, $from_file_type);
-		if ($diff{'to_mode'} ne ('0' x 6)) {
-			$to_mode_oct = oct $diff{'to_mode'};
+		if ($diff->{'to_mode'} ne ('0' x 6)) {
+			$to_mode_oct = oct $diff->{'to_mode'};
 			if (S_ISREG($to_mode_oct)) { # only for regular file
 				$to_mode_str = sprintf("%04o", $to_mode_oct & 0777); # permission bits
 			}
-			$to_file_type = file_type($diff{'to_mode'});
+			$to_file_type = file_type($diff->{'to_mode'});
 		}
-		if ($diff{'from_mode'} ne ('0' x 6)) {
-			$from_mode_oct = oct $diff{'from_mode'};
+		if ($diff->{'from_mode'} ne ('0' x 6)) {
+			$from_mode_oct = oct $diff->{'from_mode'};
 			if (S_ISREG($to_mode_oct)) { # only for regular file
 				$from_mode_str = sprintf("%04o", $from_mode_oct & 0777); # permission bits
 			}
-			$from_file_type = file_type($diff{'from_mode'});
+			$from_file_type = file_type($diff->{'from_mode'});
 		}
 
-		if ($diff{'status'} eq "A") { # created
+		if ($diff->{'status'} eq "A") { # created
 			my $mode_chng = "<span class=\"file_status new\">[new $to_file_type";
 			$mode_chng   .= " with mode: $to_mode_str" if $to_mode_str;
 			$mode_chng   .= "]</span>";
 			print "<td>";
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'to_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff{'file'}),
-			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff{'file'}));
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff->{'file'}),
+			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'file'}));
 			print "</td>\n";
 			print "<td>$mode_chng</td>\n";
 			print "<td class=\"link\">";
@@ -2237,17 +3834,17 @@ sub git_difftree_body {
 				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch");
 				print " | ";
 			}
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'to_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 			              "blob");
 			print "</td>\n";
 
-		} elsif ($diff{'status'} eq "D") { # deleted
+		} elsif ($diff->{'status'} eq "D") { # deleted
 			my $mode_chng = "<span class=\"file_status deleted\">[deleted $from_file_type]</span>";
 			print "<td>";
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'from_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff{'file'}),
-			               -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff{'file'}));
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'from_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff->{'file'}),
+			               -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'file'}));
 			print "</td>\n";
 			print "<td>$mode_chng</td>\n";
 			print "<td class=\"link\">";
@@ -2257,22 +3854,22 @@ sub git_difftree_body {
 				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch");
 				print " | ";
 			}
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'from_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'from_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 			              "blob") . " | ";
 			if ($have_blame) {
 				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", hash_base=>$parent,
-				                             file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 				              "blame") . " | ";
 			}
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash_base=>$parent,
-			                             file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+			                             file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 			              "history");
 			print "</td>\n";
 
-		} elsif ($diff{'status'} eq "M" || $diff{'status'} eq "T") { # modified, or type changed
+		} elsif ($diff->{'status'} eq "M" || $diff->{'status'} eq "T") { # modified, or type changed
 			my $mode_chnge = "";
-			if ($diff{'from_mode'} != $diff{'to_mode'}) {
+			if ($diff->{'from_mode'} != $diff->{'to_mode'}) {
 				$mode_chnge = "<span class=\"file_status mode_chnge\">[changed";
 				if ($from_file_type ne $to_file_type) {
 					$mode_chnge .= " from $from_file_type to $to_file_type";
@@ -2287,9 +3884,9 @@ sub git_difftree_body {
 				$mode_chnge .= "]</span>\n";
 			}
 			print "<td>";
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'to_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff{'file'}),
-			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff{'file'}));
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff->{'file'}),
+			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'file'}));
 			print "</td>\n";
 			print "<td>$mode_chnge</td>\n";
 			print "<td class=\"link\">";
@@ -2298,85 +3895,90 @@ sub git_difftree_body {
 				$patchno++;
 				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
 				      " | ";
-			} elsif ($diff{'to_id'} ne $diff{'from_id'}) {
+			} elsif ($diff->{'to_id'} ne $diff->{'from_id'}) {
 				# "commit" view and modified file (not onlu mode changed)
 				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff",
-				                             hash=>$diff{'to_id'}, hash_parent=>$diff{'from_id'},
+				                             hash=>$diff->{'to_id'}, hash_parent=>$diff->{'from_id'},
 				                             hash_base=>$hash, hash_parent_base=>$parent,
-				                             file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 				              "diff") .
 				      " | ";
 			}
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'to_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 			               "blob") . " | ";
 			if ($have_blame) {
 				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", hash_base=>$hash,
-				                             file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 				              "blame") . " | ";
 			}
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash_base=>$hash,
-			                             file_name=>$diff{'file'})},
+			                             file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
 			              "history");
 			print "</td>\n";
 
-		} elsif ($diff{'status'} eq "R" || $diff{'status'} eq "C") { # renamed or copied
+		} elsif ($diff->{'status'} eq "R" || $diff->{'status'} eq "C") { # renamed or copied
 			my %status_name = ('R' => 'moved', 'C' => 'copied');
-			my $nstatus = $status_name{$diff{'status'}};
+			my $nstatus = $status_name{$diff->{'status'}};
 			my $mode_chng = "";
-			if ($diff{'from_mode'} != $diff{'to_mode'}) {
+			if ($diff->{'from_mode'} != $diff->{'to_mode'}) {
 				# mode also for directories, so we cannot use $to_mode_str
 				$mode_chng = sprintf(", mode: %04o", $to_mode_oct & 0777);
 			}
 			print "<td>" .
 			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$hash,
-			                             hash=>$diff{'to_id'}, file_name=>$diff{'to_file'}),
-			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff{'to_file'})) . "</td>\n" .
+			                             hash=>$diff->{'to_id'}, file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'}),
+			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'to_file'})) . "</td>\n" .
 			      "<td><span class=\"file_status $nstatus\">[$nstatus from " .
 			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$parent,
-			                             hash=>$diff{'from_id'}, file_name=>$diff{'from_file'}),
-			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff{'from_file'})) .
-			      " with " . (int $diff{'similarity'}) . "% similarity$mode_chng]</span></td>\n" .
+			                             hash=>$diff->{'from_id'}, file_name=>$diff->{'from_file'}),
+			              -class => "list"}, esc_path($diff->{'from_file'})) .
+			      " with " . (int $diff->{'similarity'}) . "% similarity$mode_chng]</span></td>\n" .
 			      "<td class=\"link\">";
 			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
 				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
 				      " | ";
-			} elsif ($diff{'to_id'} ne $diff{'from_id'}) {
+			} elsif ($diff->{'to_id'} ne $diff->{'from_id'}) {
 				# "commit" view and modified file (not only pure rename or copy)
 				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff",
-				                             hash=>$diff{'to_id'}, hash_parent=>$diff{'from_id'},
+				                             hash=>$diff->{'to_id'}, hash_parent=>$diff->{'from_id'},
 				                             hash_base=>$hash, hash_parent_base=>$parent,
-				                             file_name=>$diff{'to_file'}, file_parent=>$diff{'from_file'})},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'}, file_parent=>$diff->{'from_file'})},
 				              "diff") .
 				      " | ";
 			}
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff{'to_id'},
-			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff{'to_file'})},
+			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
+			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'})},
 			              "blob") . " | ";
 			if ($have_blame) {
 				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", hash_base=>$hash,
-				                             file_name=>$diff{'to_file'})},
+				                             file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'})},
 				              "blame") . " | ";
 			}
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash_base=>$hash,
-			                            file_name=>$diff{'to_file'})},
+			                            file_name=>$diff->{'to_file'})},
 			              "history");
 			print "</td>\n";
 
 		} # we should not encounter Unmerged (U) or Unknown (X) status
 		print "</tr>\n";
 	}
+	print "</tbody>" if $has_header;
 	print "</table>\n";
 }
 
 sub git_patchset_body {
-	my ($fd, $difftree, $hash, $hash_parent) = @_;
+	my ($fd, $difftree, $hash, @hash_parents) = @_;
+	my ($hash_parent) = $hash_parents[0];
 
+	my $is_combined = (@hash_parents > 1);
 	my $patch_idx = 0;
+	my $patch_number = 0;
 	my $patch_line;
 	my $diffinfo;
+	my $to_name;
 	my (%from, %to);
 
 	print "<div class=\"patchset\">\n";
@@ -2390,160 +3992,92 @@ sub git_patchset_body {
 
  PATCH:
 	while ($patch_line) {
-		my @diff_header;
-		my ($from_id, $to_id);
 
-		# git diff header
-		#assert($patch_line =~ m/^diff /) if DEBUG;
-		#assert($patch_line !~ m!$/$!) if DEBUG; # is chomp-ed
-		push @diff_header, $patch_line;
-
-		# extended diff header
-	EXTENDED_HEADER:
-		while ($patch_line = <$fd>) {
-			chomp $patch_line;
-
-			last EXTENDED_HEADER if ($patch_line =~ m/^--- |^diff /);
-
-			if ($patch_line =~ m/^index ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})..([0-9a-fA-F]{40})/) {
-				$from_id = $1;
-				$to_id   = $2;
-			}
-
-			push @diff_header, $patch_line;
+		# parse "git diff" header line
+		if ($patch_line =~ m/^diff --git (\"(?:[^\\\"]*(?:\\.[^\\\"]*)*)\"|[^ "]*) (.*)$/) {
+			# $1 is from_name, which we do not use
+			$to_name = unquote($2);
+			$to_name =~ s!^b/!!;
+		} elsif ($patch_line =~ m/^diff --(cc|combined) ("?.*"?)$/) {
+			# $1 is 'cc' or 'combined', which we do not use
+			$to_name = unquote($2);
+		} else {
+			$to_name = undef;
 		}
-		my $last_patch_line = $patch_line;
 
 		# check if current patch belong to current raw line
 		# and parse raw git-diff line if needed
-		if (defined $diffinfo &&
-		    $diffinfo->{'from_id'} eq $from_id &&
-		    $diffinfo->{'to_id'}   eq $to_id) {
-			# this is split patch
+		if (is_patch_split($diffinfo, { 'to_file' => $to_name })) {
+			# this is continuation of a split patch
 			print "<div class=\"patch cont\">\n";
 		} else {
 			# advance raw git-diff output if needed
 			$patch_idx++ if defined $diffinfo;
 
 			# read and prepare patch information
-			if (ref($difftree->[$patch_idx]) eq "HASH") {
-				# pre-parsed (or generated by hand)
-				$diffinfo = $difftree->[$patch_idx];
-			} else {
-				$diffinfo = parse_difftree_raw_line($difftree->[$patch_idx]);
-			}
-			$from{'file'} = $diffinfo->{'from_file'} || $diffinfo->{'file'};
-			$to{'file'}   = $diffinfo->{'to_file'}   || $diffinfo->{'file'};
-			if ($diffinfo->{'status'} ne "A") { # not new (added) file
-				$from{'href'} = href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$hash_parent,
-				                     hash=>$diffinfo->{'from_id'},
-				                     file_name=>$from{'file'});
-			} else {
-				delete $from{'href'};
-			}
-			if ($diffinfo->{'status'} ne "D") { # not deleted file
-				$to{'href'} = href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$hash,
-				                   hash=>$diffinfo->{'to_id'},
-				                   file_name=>$to{'file'});
-			} else {
-				delete $to{'href'};
+			$diffinfo = parsed_difftree_line($difftree->[$patch_idx]);
+
+			# compact combined diff output can have some patches skipped
+			# find which patch (using pathname of result) we are at now;
+			if ($is_combined) {
+				while ($to_name ne $diffinfo->{'to_file'}) {
+					print "<div class=\"patch\" id=\"patch". ($patch_idx+1) ."\">\n" .
+					      format_diff_cc_simplified($diffinfo, @hash_parents) .
+					      "</div>\n";  # class="patch"
+
+					$patch_idx++;
+					$patch_number++;
+
+					last if $patch_idx > $#$difftree;
+					$diffinfo = parsed_difftree_line($difftree->[$patch_idx]);
+				}
 			}
+
+			# modifies %from, %to hashes
+			parse_from_to_diffinfo($diffinfo, \%from, \%to, @hash_parents);
+
 			# this is first patch for raw difftree line with $patch_idx index
 			# we index @$difftree array from 0, but number patches from 1
 			print "<div class=\"patch\" id=\"patch". ($patch_idx+1) ."\">\n";
 		}
 
+		# git diff header
+		#assert($patch_line =~ m/^diff /) if DEBUG;
+		#assert($patch_line !~ m!$/$!) if DEBUG; # is chomp-ed
+		$patch_number++;
 		# print "git diff" header
-		$patch_line = shift @diff_header;
-		$patch_line =~ s!^(diff (.*?) )"?a/.*$!$1!;
-		if ($from{'href'}) {
-			$patch_line .= $cgi->a({-href => $from{'href'}, -class => "path"},
-			                       'a/' . esc_path($from{'file'}));
-		} else { # file was added
-			$patch_line .= 'a/' . esc_path($from{'file'});
-		}
-		$patch_line .= ' ';
-		if ($to{'href'}) {
-			$patch_line .= $cgi->a({-href => $to{'href'}, -class => "path"},
-			                       'b/' . esc_path($to{'file'}));
-		} else { # file was deleted
-			$patch_line .= 'b/' . esc_path($to{'file'});
-		}
-		print "<div class=\"diff header\">$patch_line</div>\n";
+		print format_git_diff_header_line($patch_line, $diffinfo,
+		                                  \%from, \%to);
 
 		# print extended diff header
-		print "<div class=\"diff extended_header\">\n" if (@diff_header > 0);
+		print "<div class=\"diff extended_header\">\n";
 	EXTENDED_HEADER:
-		foreach $patch_line (@diff_header) {
-			# match <path>
-			if ($patch_line =~ s!^((copy|rename) from ).*$!$1! && $from{'href'}) {
-				$patch_line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$from{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
-				                       esc_path($from{'file'}));
-			}
-			if ($patch_line =~ s!^((copy|rename) to ).*$!$1! && $to{'href'}) {
-				$patch_line .= $cgi->a({-href=>$to{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
-				                       esc_path($to{'file'}));
-			}
-			# match <mode>
-			if ($patch_line =~ m/\s(\d{6})$/) {
-				$patch_line .= '<span class="info"> (' .
-				               file_type_long($1) .
-				               ')</span>';
-			}
-			# match <hash>
-			if ($patch_line =~ m/^index/) {
-				my ($from_link, $to_link);
-				if ($from{'href'}) {
-					$from_link = $cgi->a({-href=>$from{'href'}, -class=>"hash"},
-					                     substr($diffinfo->{'from_id'},0,7));
-				} else {
-					$from_link = '0' x 7;
-				}
-				if ($to{'href'}) {
-					$to_link = $cgi->a({-href=>$to{'href'}, -class=>"hash"},
-					                   substr($diffinfo->{'to_id'},0,7));
-				} else {
-					$to_link = '0' x 7;
-				}
-				#affirm {
-				#	my ($from_hash, $to_hash) =
-				#		($patch_line =~ m/^index ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})..([0-9a-fA-F]{40})/);
-				#	my ($from_id, $to_id) =
-				#		($diffinfo->{'from_id'}, $diffinfo->{'to_id'});
-				#	($from_hash eq $from_id) && ($to_hash eq $to_id);
-				#} if DEBUG;
-				my ($from_id, $to_id) = ($diffinfo->{'from_id'}, $diffinfo->{'to_id'});
-				$patch_line =~ s!$from_id\.\.$to_id!$from_link..$to_link!;
-			}
-			print $patch_line . "<br/>\n";
+		while ($patch_line = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $patch_line;
+
+			last EXTENDED_HEADER if ($patch_line =~ m/^--- |^diff /);
+
+			print format_extended_diff_header_line($patch_line, $diffinfo,
+			                                       \%from, \%to);
 		}
-		print "</div>\n"  if (@diff_header > 0); # class="diff extended_header"
+		print "</div>\n"; # class="diff extended_header"
 
 		# from-file/to-file diff header
-		$patch_line = $last_patch_line;
 		if (! $patch_line) {
 			print "</div>\n"; # class="patch"
 			last PATCH;
 		}
 		next PATCH if ($patch_line =~ m/^diff /);
 		#assert($patch_line =~ m/^---/) if DEBUG;
-		if ($from{'href'} && $patch_line =~ m!^--- "?a/!) {
-			$patch_line = '--- a/' .
-			              $cgi->a({-href=>$from{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
-			                      esc_path($from{'file'}));
-		}
-		print "<div class=\"diff from_file\">$patch_line</div>\n";
 
+		my $last_patch_line = $patch_line;
 		$patch_line = <$fd>;
 		chomp $patch_line;
+		#assert($patch_line =~ m/^\+\+\+/) if DEBUG;
 
-		#assert($patch_line =~ m/^+++/) if DEBUG;
-		if ($to{'href'} && $patch_line =~ m!^\+\+\+ "?b/!) {
-			$patch_line = '+++ b/' .
-			              $cgi->a({-href=>$to{'href'}, -class=>"path"},
-			                      esc_path($to{'file'}));
-		}
-		print "<div class=\"diff to_file\">$patch_line</div>\n";
+		print format_diff_from_to_header($last_patch_line, $patch_line,
+		                                 $diffinfo, \%from, \%to,
+		                                 @hash_parents);
 
 		# the patch itself
 	LINE:
@@ -2559,30 +4093,58 @@ sub git_patchset_body {
 		print "</div>\n"; # class="patch"
 	}
 
+	# for compact combined (--cc) format, with chunk and patch simpliciaction
+	# patchset might be empty, but there might be unprocessed raw lines
+	for (++$patch_idx if $patch_number > 0;
+	     $patch_idx < @$difftree;
+	     ++$patch_idx) {
+		# read and prepare patch information
+		$diffinfo = parsed_difftree_line($difftree->[$patch_idx]);
+
+		# generate anchor for "patch" links in difftree / whatchanged part
+		print "<div class=\"patch\" id=\"patch". ($patch_idx+1) ."\">\n" .
+		      format_diff_cc_simplified($diffinfo, @hash_parents) .
+		      "</div>\n";  # class="patch"
+
+		$patch_number++;
+	}
+
+	if ($patch_number == 0) {
+		if (@hash_parents > 1) {
+			print "<div class=\"diff nodifferences\">Trivial merge</div>\n";
+		} else {
+			print "<div class=\"diff nodifferences\">No differences found</div>\n";
+		}
+	}
+
 	print "</div>\n"; # class="patchset"
 }
 
 # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 
-sub git_project_list_body {
-	my ($projlist, $order, $from, $to, $extra, $no_header) = @_;
-
-	my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
-
+# fills project list info (age, description, owner, forks) for each
+# project in the list, removing invalid projects from returned list
+# NOTE: modifies $projlist, but does not remove entries from it
+sub fill_project_list_info {
+	my ($projlist, $check_forks) = @_;
 	my @projects;
+
+	my $show_ctags = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
+ PROJECT:
 	foreach my $pr (@$projlist) {
-		my (@aa) = git_get_last_activity($pr->{'path'});
-		unless (@aa) {
-			next;
+		my (@activity) = git_get_last_activity($pr->{'path'});
+		unless (@activity) {
+			next PROJECT;
 		}
-		($pr->{'age'}, $pr->{'age_string'}) = @aa;
+		($pr->{'age'}, $pr->{'age_string'}) = @activity;
 		if (!defined $pr->{'descr'}) {
 			my $descr = git_get_project_description($pr->{'path'}) || "";
-			$pr->{'descr_long'} = to_utf8($descr);
-			$pr->{'descr'} = chop_str($descr, 25, 5);
+			$descr = to_utf8($descr);
+			$pr->{'descr_long'} = $descr;
+			$pr->{'descr'} = chop_str($descr, $projects_list_description_width, 5);
 		}
 		if (!defined $pr->{'owner'}) {
-			$pr->{'owner'} = get_file_owner("$projectroot/$pr->{'path'}") || "";
+			$pr->{'owner'} = git_get_project_owner("$pr->{'path'}") || "";
 		}
 		if ($check_forks) {
 			my $pname = $pr->{'path'};
@@ -2590,66 +4152,98 @@ sub git_project_list_body {
 			    ($pname !~ /\/$/) &&
 			    (-d "$projectroot/$pname")) {
 				$pr->{'forks'} = "-d $projectroot/$pname";
-			}
-			else {
+			} else {
 				$pr->{'forks'} = 0;
 			}
 		}
+		$show_ctags and $pr->{'ctags'} = git_get_project_ctags($pr->{'path'});
 		push @projects, $pr;
 	}
 
-	$order ||= "project";
+	return @projects;
+}
+
+# print 'sort by' <th> element, generating 'sort by $name' replay link
+# if that order is not selected
+sub print_sort_th {
+	my ($name, $order, $header) = @_;
+	$header ||= ucfirst($name);
+
+	if ($order eq $name) {
+		print "<th>$header</th>\n";
+	} else {
+		print "<th>" .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, order=>$name),
+		               -class => "header"}, $header) .
+		      "</th>\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub git_project_list_body {
+	# actually uses global variable $project
+	my ($projlist, $order, $from, $to, $extra, $no_header) = @_;
+
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+	my @projects = fill_project_list_info($projlist, $check_forks);
+
+	$order ||= $default_projects_order;
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#projects if (!defined $to || $#projects < $to);
 
+	my %order_info = (
+		project => { key => 'path', type => 'str' },
+		descr => { key => 'descr_long', type => 'str' },
+		owner => { key => 'owner', type => 'str' },
+		age => { key => 'age', type => 'num' }
+	);
+	my $oi = $order_info{$order};
+	if ($oi->{'type'} eq 'str') {
+		@projects = sort {$a->{$oi->{'key'}} cmp $b->{$oi->{'key'}}} @projects;
+	} else {
+		@projects = sort {$a->{$oi->{'key'}} <=> $b->{$oi->{'key'}}} @projects;
+	}
+
+	my $show_ctags = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
+	if ($show_ctags) {
+		my %ctags;
+		foreach my $p (@projects) {
+			foreach my $ct (keys %{$p->{'ctags'}}) {
+				$ctags{$ct} += $p->{'ctags'}->{$ct};
+			}
+		}
+		my $cloud = git_populate_project_tagcloud(\%ctags);
+		print git_show_project_tagcloud($cloud, 64);
+	}
+
 	print "<table class=\"project_list\">\n";
 	unless ($no_header) {
 		print "<tr>\n";
 		if ($check_forks) {
 			print "<th></th>\n";
 		}
-		if ($order eq "project") {
-			@projects = sort {$a->{'path'} cmp $b->{'path'}} @projects;
-			print "<th>Project</th>\n";
-		} else {
-			print "<th>" .
-			      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, order=>'project'),
-			               -class => "header"}, "Project") .
-			      "</th>\n";
-		}
-		if ($order eq "descr") {
-			@projects = sort {$a->{'descr'} cmp $b->{'descr'}} @projects;
-			print "<th>Description</th>\n";
-		} else {
-			print "<th>" .
-			      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, order=>'descr'),
-			               -class => "header"}, "Description") .
-			      "</th>\n";
-		}
-		if ($order eq "owner") {
-			@projects = sort {$a->{'owner'} cmp $b->{'owner'}} @projects;
-			print "<th>Owner</th>\n";
-		} else {
-			print "<th>" .
-			      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, order=>'owner'),
-			               -class => "header"}, "Owner") .
-			      "</th>\n";
-		}
-		if ($order eq "age") {
-			@projects = sort {$a->{'age'} <=> $b->{'age'}} @projects;
-			print "<th>Last Change</th>\n";
-		} else {
-			print "<th>" .
-			      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, order=>'age'),
-			               -class => "header"}, "Last Change") .
-			      "</th>\n";
-		}
-		print "<th></th>\n" .
+		print_sort_th('project', $order, 'Project');
+		print_sort_th('descr', $order, 'Description');
+		print_sort_th('owner', $order, 'Owner');
+		print_sort_th('age', $order, 'Last Change');
+		print "<th></th>\n" . # for links
 		      "</tr>\n";
 	}
 	my $alternate = 1;
+	my $tagfilter = $cgi->param('by_tag');
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my $pr = $projects[$i];
+
+		next if $tagfilter and $show_ctags and not grep { lc $_ eq lc $tagfilter } keys %{$pr->{'ctags'}};
+		next if $searchtext and not $pr->{'path'} =~ /$searchtext/
+			and not $pr->{'descr_long'} =~ /$searchtext/;
+		# Weed out forks or non-matching entries of search
+		if ($check_forks) {
+			my $forkbase = $project; $forkbase ||= ''; $forkbase =~ s#\.git$#/#;
+			$forkbase="^$forkbase" if $forkbase;
+			next if not $searchtext and not $tagfilter and $show_ctags
+				and $pr->{'path'} =~ m#$forkbase.*/.*#; # regexp-safe
+		}
+
 		if ($alternate) {
 			print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
 		} else {
@@ -2669,9 +4263,9 @@ sub git_project_list_body {
 		      "<td>" . $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"summary"),
 		                        -class => "list", -title => $pr->{'descr_long'}},
 		                        esc_html($pr->{'descr'})) . "</td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . chop_str($pr->{'owner'}, 15) . "</i></td>\n";
+		      "<td><i>" . chop_and_escape_str($pr->{'owner'}, 15) . "</i></td>\n";
 		print "<td class=\"". age_class($pr->{'age'}) . "\">" .
-		      $pr->{'age_string'} . "</td>\n" .
+		      (defined $pr->{'age_string'} ? $pr->{'age_string'} : "No commits") . "</td>\n" .
 		      "<td class=\"link\">" .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"summary")}, "summary")   . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"shortlog")}, "shortlog") . " | " .
@@ -2696,12 +4290,10 @@ sub git_shortlog_body {
 	# uses global variable $project
 	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $refs, $extra) = @_;
 
-	my $have_snapshot = gitweb_have_snapshot();
-
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$commitlist} if (!defined $to || $#{$commitlist} < $to);
 
-	print "<table class=\"shortlog\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"shortlog\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my %co = %{$commitlist->[$i]};
@@ -2715,8 +4307,7 @@ sub git_shortlog_body {
 		$alternate ^= 1;
 		# git_summary() used print "<td><i>$co{'age_string'}</i></td>\n" .
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . esc_html(chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 10)) . "</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td>";
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 10) . "<td>";
 		print format_subject_html($co{'title'}, $co{'title_short'},
 		                          href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit), $ref);
 		print "</td>\n" .
@@ -2724,8 +4315,9 @@ sub git_shortlog_body {
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit)}, "commit") . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit)}, "commitdiff") . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$commit, hash_base=>$commit)}, "tree");
-		if ($have_snapshot) {
-			print " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"snapshot", hash=>$commit)}, "snapshot");
+		my $snapshot_links = format_snapshot_links($commit);
+		if (defined $snapshot_links) {
+			print " | " . $snapshot_links;
 		}
 		print "</td>\n" .
 		      "</tr>\n";
@@ -2745,7 +4337,7 @@ sub git_history_body {
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$commitlist} unless (defined $to && $to <= $#{$commitlist});
 
-	print "<table class=\"history\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"history\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my %co = %{$commitlist->[$i]};
@@ -2763,9 +4355,8 @@ sub git_history_body {
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      # shortlog uses      chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 10)
-		      "<td><i>" . esc_html(chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 3)) . "</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td>";
+	# shortlog:   format_author_html('td', \%co, 10)
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 15, 3) . "<td>";
 		# originally git_history used chop_str($co{'title'}, 50)
 		print format_subject_html($co{'title'}, $co{'title_short'},
 		                          href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit), $ref);
@@ -2804,7 +4395,7 @@ sub git_tags_body {
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$taglist} if (!defined $to || $#{$taglist} < $to);
 
-	print "<table class=\"tags\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"tags\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my $entry = $taglist->[$i];
@@ -2845,8 +4436,8 @@ sub git_tags_body {
 		      "<td class=\"link\">" . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$tag{'reftype'}, hash=>$tag{'refid'})}, $tag{'reftype'});
 		if ($tag{'reftype'} eq "commit") {
-			print " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$tag{'name'})}, "shortlog") .
-			      " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$tag{'name'})}, "log");
+			print " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$tag{'fullname'})}, "shortlog") .
+			      " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$tag{'fullname'})}, "log");
 		} elsif ($tag{'reftype'} eq "blob") {
 			print " | " . $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain", hash=>$tag{'refid'})}, "raw");
 		}
@@ -2867,7 +4458,7 @@ sub git_heads_body {
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$headlist} if (!defined $to || $#{$headlist} < $to);
 
-	print "<table class=\"heads\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"heads\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my $entry = $headlist->[$i];
@@ -2881,13 +4472,13 @@ sub git_heads_body {
 		$alternate ^= 1;
 		print "<td><i>$ref{'age'}</i></td>\n" .
 		      ($curr ? "<td class=\"current_head\">" : "<td>") .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$ref{'name'}),
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$ref{'fullname'}),
 		               -class => "list name"},esc_html($ref{'name'})) .
 		      "</td>\n" .
 		      "<td class=\"link\">" .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$ref{'name'})}, "shortlog") . " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$ref{'name'})}, "log") . " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$ref{'name'}, hash_base=>$ref{'name'})}, "tree") .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$ref{'fullname'})}, "shortlog") . " | " .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$ref{'fullname'})}, "log") . " | " .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$ref{'fullname'}, hash_base=>$ref{'name'})}, "tree") .
 		      "</td>\n" .
 		      "</tr>";
 	}
@@ -2904,7 +4495,7 @@ sub git_search_grep_body {
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$commitlist} if (!defined $to || $#{$commitlist} < $to);
 
-	print "<table class=\"grep\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"commit_search\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my %co = %{$commitlist->[$i]};
@@ -2919,26 +4510,34 @@ sub git_search_grep_body {
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . esc_html(chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 5)) . "</i></td>\n" .
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 15, 5) .
 		      "<td>" .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'}), -class => "list subject"},
-			       esc_html(chop_str($co{'title'}, 50)) . "<br/>");
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'}),
+		               -class => "list subject"},
+		              chop_and_escape_str($co{'title'}, 50) . "<br/>");
 		my $comment = $co{'comment'};
 		foreach my $line (@$comment) {
-			if ($line =~ m/^(.*)($searchtext)(.*)$/i) {
-				my $lead = esc_html($1) || "";
-				$lead = chop_str($lead, 30, 10);
-				my $match = esc_html($2) || "";
-				my $trail = esc_html($3) || "";
-				$trail = chop_str($trail, 30, 10);
-				my $text = "$lead<span class=\"match\">$match</span>$trail";
-				print chop_str($text, 80, 5) . "<br/>\n";
+			if ($line =~ m/^(.*?)($search_regexp)(.*)$/i) {
+				my ($lead, $match, $trail) = ($1, $2, $3);
+				$match = chop_str($match, 70, 5, 'center');
+				my $contextlen = int((80 - length($match))/2);
+				$contextlen = 30 if ($contextlen > 30);
+				$lead  = chop_str($lead,  $contextlen, 10, 'left');
+				$trail = chop_str($trail, $contextlen, 10, 'right');
+
+				$lead  = esc_html($lead);
+				$match = esc_html($match);
+				$trail = esc_html($trail);
+
+				print "$lead<span class=\"match\">$match</span>$trail<br />";
 			}
 		}
 		print "</td>\n" .
 		      "<td class=\"link\">" .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'})}, "commit") .
 		      " | " .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$co{'id'})}, "commitdiff") .
+		      " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$co{'tree'}, hash_base=>$co{'id'})}, "tree");
 		print "</td>\n" .
 		      "</tr>\n";
@@ -2956,37 +4555,40 @@ sub git_search_grep_body {
 ## actions
 
 sub git_project_list {
-	my $order = $cgi->param('o');
-	if (defined $order && $order !~ m/project|descr|owner|age/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown order parameter");
+	my $order = $input_params{'order'};
+	if (defined $order && $order !~ m/none|project|descr|owner|age/) {
+		die_error(400, "Unknown order parameter");
 	}
 
 	my @list = git_get_projects_list();
 	if (!@list) {
-		die_error(undef, "No projects found");
+		die_error(404, "No projects found");
 	}
 
 	git_header_html();
 	if (-f $home_text) {
 		print "<div class=\"index_include\">\n";
-		open (my $fd, $home_text);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($home_text);
 		print "</div>\n";
 	}
+	print $cgi->startform(-method => "get") .
+	      "<p class=\"projsearch\">Search:\n" .
+	      $cgi->textfield(-name => "s", -value => $searchtext) . "\n" .
+	      "</p>" .
+	      $cgi->end_form() . "\n";
 	git_project_list_body(\@list, $order);
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
 sub git_forks {
-	my $order = $cgi->param('o');
-	if (defined $order && $order !~ m/project|descr|owner|age/) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown order parameter");
+	my $order = $input_params{'order'};
+	if (defined $order && $order !~ m/none|project|descr|owner|age/) {
+		die_error(400, "Unknown order parameter");
 	}
 
 	my @list = git_get_projects_list($project);
 	if (!@list) {
-		die_error(undef, "No forks found");
+		die_error(404, "No forks found");
 	}
 
 	git_header_html();
@@ -3006,7 +4608,7 @@ sub git_project_index {
 
 	foreach my $pr (@projects) {
 		if (!exists $pr->{'owner'}) {
-			$pr->{'owner'} = get_file_owner("$projectroot/$pr->{'path'}");
+			$pr->{'owner'} = git_get_project_owner("$pr->{'path'}");
 		}
 
 		my ($path, $owner) = ($pr->{'path'}, $pr->{'owner'});
@@ -3023,7 +4625,7 @@ sub git_project_index {
 sub git_summary {
 	my $descr = git_get_project_description($project) || "none";
 	my %co = parse_commit("HEAD");
-	my %cd = parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'});
+	my %cd = %co ? parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'}) : ();
 	my $head = $co{'id'};
 
 	my $owner = git_get_project_owner($project);
@@ -3034,7 +4636,7 @@ sub git_summary {
 	my @taglist  = git_get_tags_list(16);
 	my @headlist = git_get_heads_list(16);
 	my @forklist;
-	my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 
 	if ($check_forks) {
 		@forklist = git_get_projects_list($project);
@@ -3044,10 +4646,13 @@ sub git_summary {
 	git_print_page_nav('summary','', $head);
 
 	print "<div class=\"title\">&nbsp;</div>\n";
-	print "<table cellspacing=\"0\">\n" .
-	      "<tr><td>description</td><td>" . esc_html($descr) . "</td></tr>\n" .
-	      "<tr><td>owner</td><td>$owner</td></tr>\n" .
-	      "<tr><td>last change</td><td>$cd{'rfc2822'}</td></tr>\n";
+	print "<table class=\"projects_list\">\n" .
+	      "<tr id=\"metadata_desc\"><td>description</td><td>" . esc_html($descr) . "</td></tr>\n" .
+	      "<tr id=\"metadata_owner\"><td>owner</td><td>" . esc_html($owner) . "</td></tr>\n";
+	if (defined $cd{'rfc2822'}) {
+		print "<tr id=\"metadata_lchange\"><td>last change</td><td>$cd{'rfc2822'}</td></tr>\n";
+	}
+
 	# use per project git URL list in $projectroot/$project/cloneurl
 	# or make project git URL from git base URL and project name
 	my $url_tag = "URL";
@@ -3055,26 +4660,43 @@ sub git_summary {
 	@url_list = map { "$_/$project" } @git_base_url_list unless @url_list;
 	foreach my $git_url (@url_list) {
 		next unless $git_url;
-		print "<tr><td>$url_tag</td><td>$git_url</td></tr>\n";
+		print "<tr class=\"metadata_url\"><td>$url_tag</td><td>$git_url</td></tr>\n";
 		$url_tag = "";
 	}
+
+	# Tag cloud
+	my $show_ctags = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
+	if ($show_ctags) {
+		my $ctags = git_get_project_ctags($project);
+		my $cloud = git_populate_project_tagcloud($ctags);
+		print "<tr id=\"metadata_ctags\"><td>Content tags:<br />";
+		print "</td>\n<td>" unless %$ctags;
+		print "<form action=\"$show_ctags\" method=\"post\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"p\" value=\"$project\" />Add: <input type=\"text\" name=\"t\" size=\"8\" /></form>";
+		print "</td>\n<td>" if %$ctags;
+		print git_show_project_tagcloud($cloud, 48);
+		print "</td></tr>";
+	}
+
 	print "</table>\n";
 
-	if (-s "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
-		if (open my $fd, "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
-			print "<div class=\"title\">readme</div>\n";
-			print $_ while (<$fd>);
-			close $fd;
-		}
+	# If XSS prevention is on, we don't include README.html.
+	# TODO: Allow a readme in some safe format.
+	if (!$prevent_xss && -s "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
+		print "<div class=\"title\">readme</div>\n" .
+		      "<div class=\"readme\">\n";
+		insert_file("$projectroot/$project/README.html");
+		print "\n</div>\n"; # class="readme"
 	}
 
 	# we need to request one more than 16 (0..15) to check if
 	# those 16 are all
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($head, 17);
-	git_print_header_div('shortlog');
-	git_shortlog_body(\@commitlist, 0, 15, $refs,
-	                  $#commitlist <=  15 ? undef :
-	                  $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog")}, "..."));
+	my @commitlist = $head ? parse_commits($head, 17) : ();
+	if (@commitlist) {
+		git_print_header_div('shortlog');
+		git_shortlog_body(\@commitlist, 0, 15, $refs,
+		                  $#commitlist <=  15 ? undef :
+		                  $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog")}, "..."));
+	}
 
 	if (@taglist) {
 		git_print_header_div('tags');
@@ -3092,10 +4714,10 @@ sub git_summary {
 
 	if (@forklist) {
 		git_print_header_div('forks');
-		git_project_list_body(\@forklist, undef, 0, 15,
+		git_project_list_body(\@forklist, 'age', 0, 15,
 		                      $#forklist <= 15 ? undef :
 		                      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"forks")}, "..."),
-		                      'noheader');
+		                      'no_header');
 	}
 
 	git_footer_html();
@@ -3106,9 +4728,14 @@ sub git_tag {
 	git_header_html();
 	git_print_page_nav('','', $head,undef,$head);
 	my %tag = parse_tag($hash);
+
+	if (! %tag) {
+		die_error(404, "Unknown tag object");
+	}
+
 	git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($tag{'name'}), $hash);
 	print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
-	      "<table cellspacing=\"0\">\n" .
+	      "<table class=\"object_header\">\n" .
 	      "<tr>\n" .
 	      "<td>object</td>\n" .
 	      "<td>" . $cgi->a({-class => "list", -href => href(action=>$tag{'type'}, hash=>$tag{'object'})},
@@ -3117,11 +4744,7 @@ sub git_tag {
 	                                      $tag{'type'}) . "</td>\n" .
 	      "</tr>\n";
 	if (defined($tag{'author'})) {
-		my %ad = parse_date($tag{'epoch'}, $tag{'tz'});
-		print "<tr><td>author</td><td>" . esc_html($tag{'author'}) . "</td></tr>\n";
-		print "<tr><td></td><td>" . $ad{'rfc2822'} .
-			sprintf(" (%02d:%02d %s)", $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'}) .
-			"</td></tr>\n";
+		git_print_authorship_rows(\%tag, 'author');
 	}
 	print "</table>\n\n" .
 	      "</div>\n";
@@ -3135,79 +4758,87 @@ sub git_tag {
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
-sub git_blame2 {
-	my $fd;
-	my $ftype;
+sub git_blame {
+	# permissions
+	gitweb_check_feature('blame')
+		or die_error(403, "Blame view not allowed");
 
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
-	if (!$have_blame) {
-		die_error('403 Permission denied', "Permission denied");
-	}
-	die_error('404 Not Found', "File name not defined") if (!$file_name);
+	# error checking
+	die_error(400, "No file name given") unless $file_name;
 	$hash_base ||= git_get_head_hash($project);
-	die_error(undef, "Couldn't find base commit") unless ($hash_base);
+	die_error(404, "Couldn't find base commit") unless $hash_base;
 	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base)
-		or die_error(undef, "Reading commit failed");
+		or die_error(404, "Commit not found");
+	my $ftype = "blob";
 	if (!defined $hash) {
 		$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($hash_base, $file_name, "blob")
-			or die_error(undef, "Error looking up file");
-	}
-	$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
-	if ($ftype !~ "blob") {
-		die_error('400 Bad Request', "Object is not a blob");
+			or die_error(404, "Error looking up file");
+	} else {
+		$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
+		if ($ftype !~ "blob") {
+			die_error(400, "Object is not a blob");
+		}
 	}
-	open ($fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "blame", '-p', '--',
-	      $file_name, $hash_base)
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-blame failed");
+
+	# run git-blame --porcelain
+	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "blame", '-p',
+		$hash_base, '--', $file_name
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-blame failed");
+
+	# page header
 	git_header_html();
 	my $formats_nav =
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base, file_name=>$file_name)},
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", -replay=>1)},
 		        "blob") .
 		" | " .
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base, file_name=>$file_name)},
-			"history") .
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", -replay=>1)},
+		        "history") .
 		" | " .
 		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", file_name=>$file_name)},
 		        "HEAD");
 	git_print_page_nav('','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $formats_nav);
 	git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
 	git_print_page_path($file_name, $ftype, $hash_base);
-	my @rev_color = (qw(light2 dark2));
+
+	# page body
+	my @rev_color = qw(light2 dark2);
 	my $num_colors = scalar(@rev_color);
 	my $current_color = 0;
-	my $last_rev;
+	my %metainfo = ();
+
 	print <<HTML;
 <div class="page_body">
 <table class="blame">
 <tr><th>Commit</th><th>Line</th><th>Data</th></tr>
 HTML
-	my %metainfo = ();
-	while (1) {
-		$_ = <$fd>;
-		last unless defined $_;
+ LINE:
+	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+		chomp $line;
+		# the header: <SHA-1> <src lineno> <dst lineno> [<lines in group>]
+		# no <lines in group> for subsequent lines in group of lines
 		my ($full_rev, $orig_lineno, $lineno, $group_size) =
-		    /^([0-9a-f]{40}) (\d+) (\d+)(?: (\d+))?$/;
+		   ($line =~ /^([0-9a-f]{40}) (\d+) (\d+)(?: (\d+))?$/);
 		if (!exists $metainfo{$full_rev}) {
 			$metainfo{$full_rev} = {};
 		}
 		my $meta = $metainfo{$full_rev};
-		while (<$fd>) {
-			last if (s/^\t//);
-			if (/^(\S+) (.*)$/) {
+		my $data;
+		while ($data = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $data;
+			last if ($data =~ s/^\t//); # contents of line
+			if ($data =~ /^(\S+) (.*)$/) {
 				$meta->{$1} = $2;
 			}
 		}
-		my $data = $_;
-		chomp $data;
-		my $rev = substr($full_rev, 0, 8);
+		my $short_rev = substr($full_rev, 0, 8);
 		my $author = $meta->{'author'};
-		my %date = parse_date($meta->{'author-time'},
-		                      $meta->{'author-tz'});
+		my %date =
+			parse_date($meta->{'author-time'}, $meta->{'author-tz'});
 		my $date = $date{'iso-tz'};
 		if ($group_size) {
-			$current_color = ++$current_color % $num_colors;
+			$current_color = ($current_color + 1) % $num_colors;
 		}
-		print "<tr class=\"$rev_color[$current_color]\">\n";
+		print "<tr id=\"l$lineno\" class=\"$rev_color[$current_color]\">\n";
 		if ($group_size) {
 			print "<td class=\"sha1\"";
 			print " title=\"". esc_html($author) . ", $date\"";
@@ -3216,20 +4847,25 @@ HTML
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit",
 			                             hash=>$full_rev,
 			                             file_name=>$file_name)},
-			              esc_html($rev));
+			              esc_html($short_rev));
 			print "</td>\n";
 		}
-		open (my $dd, "-|", git_cmd(), "rev-parse", "$full_rev^")
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-rev-parse failed");
-		my $parent_commit = <$dd>;
-		close $dd;
-		chomp($parent_commit);
+		my $parent_commit;
+		if (!exists $meta->{'parent'}) {
+			open (my $dd, "-|", git_cmd(), "rev-parse", "$full_rev^")
+				or die_error(500, "Open git-rev-parse failed");
+			$parent_commit = <$dd>;
+			close $dd;
+			chomp($parent_commit);
+			$meta->{'parent'} = $parent_commit;
+		} else {
+			$parent_commit = $meta->{'parent'};
+		}
 		my $blamed = href(action => 'blame',
 		                  file_name => $meta->{'filename'},
 		                  hash_base => $parent_commit);
 		print "<td class=\"linenr\">";
 		print $cgi->a({ -href => "$blamed#l$orig_lineno",
-		                -id => "l$lineno",
 		                -class => "linenr" },
 		              esc_html($lineno));
 		print "</td>";
@@ -3240,103 +4876,8 @@ HTML
 	print "</div>";
 	close $fd
 		or print "Reading blob failed\n";
-	git_footer_html();
-}
-
-sub git_blame {
-	my $fd;
-
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
-	if (!$have_blame) {
-		die_error('403 Permission denied', "Permission denied");
-	}
-	die_error('404 Not Found', "File name not defined") if (!$file_name);
-	$hash_base ||= git_get_head_hash($project);
-	die_error(undef, "Couldn't find base commit") unless ($hash_base);
-	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base)
-		or die_error(undef, "Reading commit failed");
-	if (!defined $hash) {
-		$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($hash_base, $file_name, "blob")
-			or die_error(undef, "Error lookup file");
-	}
-	open ($fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "annotate", '-l', '-t', '-r', $file_name, $hash_base)
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-annotate failed");
-	git_header_html();
-	my $formats_nav =
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base, file_name=>$file_name)},
-		        "blob") .
-		" | " .
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base, file_name=>$file_name)},
-			"history") .
-		" | " .
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", file_name=>$file_name)},
-		        "HEAD");
-	git_print_page_nav('','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $formats_nav);
-	git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
-	git_print_page_path($file_name, 'blob', $hash_base);
-	print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
-	print <<HTML;
-<table class="blame">
-  <tr>
-    <th>Commit</th>
-    <th>Age</th>
-    <th>Author</th>
-    <th>Line</th>
-    <th>Data</th>
-  </tr>
-HTML
-	my @line_class = (qw(light dark));
-	my $line_class_len = scalar (@line_class);
-	my $line_class_num = $#line_class;
-	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
-		my $long_rev;
-		my $short_rev;
-		my $author;
-		my $time;
-		my $lineno;
-		my $data;
-		my $age;
-		my $age_str;
-		my $age_class;
 
-		chomp $line;
-		$line_class_num = ($line_class_num + 1) % $line_class_len;
-
-		if ($line =~ m/^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\t\(\s*([^\t]+)\t(\d+) [+-]\d\d\d\d\t(\d+)\)(.*)$/) {
-			$long_rev = $1;
-			$author   = $2;
-			$time     = $3;
-			$lineno   = $4;
-			$data     = $5;
-		} else {
-			print qq(  <tr><td colspan="5" class="error">Unable to parse: $line</td></tr>\n);
-			next;
-		}
-		$short_rev  = substr ($long_rev, 0, 8);
-		$age        = time () - $time;
-		$age_str    = age_string ($age);
-		$age_str    =~ s/ /&nbsp;/g;
-		$age_class  = age_class($age);
-		$author     = esc_html ($author);
-		$author     =~ s/ /&nbsp;/g;
-
-		$data = untabify($data);
-		$data = esc_html ($data);
-
-		print <<HTML;
-  <tr class="$line_class[$line_class_num]">
-    <td class="sha1"><a href="${\href (action=>"commit", hash=>$long_rev)}" class="text">$short_rev..</a></td>
-    <td class="$age_class">$age_str</td>
-    <td>$author</td>
-    <td class="linenr"><a id="$lineno" href="#$lineno" class="linenr">$lineno</a></td>
-    <td class="pre">$data</td>
-  </tr>
-HTML
-	} # while (my $line = <$fd>)
-	print "</table>\n\n";
-	close $fd
-		or print "Reading blob failed.\n";
-	print "</div>";
+	# page footer
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
@@ -3367,28 +4908,29 @@ sub git_heads {
 }
 
 sub git_blob_plain {
+	my $type = shift;
 	my $expires;
 
 	if (!defined $hash) {
 		if (defined $file_name) {
 			my $base = $hash_base || git_get_head_hash($project);
 			$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($base, $file_name, "blob")
-				or die_error(undef, "Error lookup file");
+				or die_error(404, "Cannot find file");
 		} else {
-			die_error(undef, "No file name defined");
+			die_error(400, "No file name defined");
 		}
 	} elsif ($hash =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/) {
 		# blobs defined by non-textual hash id's can be cached
 		$expires = "+1d";
 	}
 
-	my $type = shift;
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash
-		or die_error(undef, "Couldn't cat $file_name, $hash");
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-cat-file blob '$hash' failed");
 
-	$type ||= blob_mimetype($fd, $file_name);
+	# content-type (can include charset)
+	$type = blob_contenttype($fd, $file_name, $type);
 
-	# save as filename, even when no $file_name is given
+	# "save as" filename, even when no $file_name is given
 	my $save_as = "$hash";
 	if (defined $file_name) {
 		$save_as = $file_name;
@@ -3396,15 +4938,25 @@ sub git_blob_plain {
 		$save_as .= '.txt';
 	}
 
+	# With XSS prevention on, blobs of all types except a few known safe
+	# ones are served with "Content-Disposition: attachment" to make sure
+	# they don't run in our security domain.  For certain image types,
+	# blob view writes an <img> tag referring to blob_plain view, and we
+	# want to be sure not to break that by serving the image as an
+	# attachment (though Firefox 3 doesn't seem to care).
+	my $sandbox = $prevent_xss &&
+		$type !~ m!^(?:text/plain|image/(?:gif|png|jpeg))$!;
+
 	print $cgi->header(
-		-type => "$type",
-		-expires=>$expires,
-		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$save_as" . '"');
-	undef $/;
+		-type => $type,
+		-expires => $expires,
+		-content_disposition =>
+			($sandbox ? 'attachment' : 'inline')
+			. '; filename="' . $save_as . '"');
+	local $/ = undef;
 	binmode STDOUT, ':raw';
 	print <$fd>;
 	binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'; # as set at the beginning of gitweb.cgi
-	$/ = "\n";
 	close $fd;
 }
 
@@ -3415,20 +4967,20 @@ sub git_blob {
 		if (defined $file_name) {
 			my $base = $hash_base || git_get_head_hash($project);
 			$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($base, $file_name, "blob")
-				or die_error(undef, "Error lookup file");
+				or die_error(404, "Cannot find file");
 		} else {
-			die_error(undef, "No file name defined");
+			die_error(400, "No file name defined");
 		}
 	} elsif ($hash =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/) {
 		# blobs defined by non-textual hash id's can be cached
 		$expires = "+1d";
 	}
 
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash
-		or die_error(undef, "Couldn't cat $file_name, $hash");
+		or die_error(500, "Couldn't cat $file_name, $hash");
 	my $mimetype = blob_mimetype($fd, $file_name);
-	if ($mimetype !~ m!^(?:text/|image/(?:gif|png|jpeg)$)!) {
+	if ($mimetype !~ m!^(?:text/|image/(?:gif|png|jpeg)$)! && -B $fd) {
 		close $fd;
 		return git_blob_plain($mimetype);
 	}
@@ -3441,18 +4993,15 @@ sub git_blob {
 		if (defined $file_name) {
 			if ($have_blame) {
 				$formats_nav .=
-					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", hash_base=>$hash_base,
-					                       hash=>$hash, file_name=>$file_name)},
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", -replay=>1)},
 					        "blame") .
 					" | ";
 			}
 			$formats_nav .=
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash_base=>$hash_base,
-				                       hash=>$hash, file_name=>$file_name)},
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", -replay=>1)},
 				        "history") .
 				" | " .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain",
-				                       hash=>$hash, file_name=>$file_name)},
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain", -replay=>1)},
 				        "raw") .
 				" | " .
 				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob",
@@ -3460,7 +5009,8 @@ sub git_blob {
 				        "HEAD");
 		} else {
 			$formats_nav .=
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain", hash=>$hash)}, "raw");
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain", -replay=>1)},
+				        "raw");
 		}
 		git_print_page_nav('','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $formats_nav);
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
@@ -3471,16 +5021,7 @@ sub git_blob {
 	}
 	git_print_page_path($file_name, "blob", $hash_base);
 	print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
-	if ($mimetype =~ m!^text/!) {
-		my $nr;
-		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
-			chomp $line;
-			$nr++;
-			$line = untabify($line);
-			printf "<div class=\"pre\"><a id=\"l%i\" href=\"#l%i\" class=\"linenr\">%4i</a> %s</div>\n",
-			       $nr, $nr, $nr, esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
-		}
-	} elsif ($mimetype =~ m!^image/!) {
+	if ($mimetype =~ m!^image/!) {
 		print qq!<img type="$mimetype"!;
 		if ($file_name) {
 			print qq! alt="$file_name" title="$file_name"!;
@@ -3489,6 +5030,15 @@ sub git_blob {
 		      href(action=>"blob_plain", hash=>$hash,
 		           hash_base=>$hash_base, file_name=>$file_name) .
 		      qq!" />\n!;
+	} else {
+		my $nr;
+		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $line;
+			$nr++;
+			$line = untabify($line);
+			printf "<div class=\"pre\"><a id=\"l%i\" href=\"#l%i\" class=\"linenr\">%4i</a> %s</div>\n",
+			       $nr, $nr, $nr, esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
+		}
 	}
 	close $fd
 		or print "Reading blob failed.\n";
@@ -3497,8 +5047,6 @@ sub git_blob {
 }
 
 sub git_tree {
-	my $have_snapshot = gitweb_have_snapshot();
-
 	if (!defined $hash_base) {
 		$hash_base = "HEAD";
 	}
@@ -3509,34 +5057,37 @@ sub git_tree {
 			$hash = $hash_base;
 		}
 	}
-	$/ = "\0";
-	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", '-z', $hash
-		or die_error(undef, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
-	my @entries = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
-	close $fd or die_error(undef, "Reading tree failed");
-	$/ = "\n";
+	die_error(404, "No such tree") unless defined($hash);
+
+	my @entries = ();
+	{
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", '-z', $hash
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
+		@entries = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
+		close $fd
+			or die_error(404, "Reading tree failed");
+	}
 
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 	my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $hash_base);
 	git_header_html();
 	my $basedir = '';
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	if (defined $hash_base && (my %co = parse_commit($hash_base))) {
 		my @views_nav = ();
 		if (defined $file_name) {
 			push @views_nav,
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash_base=>$hash_base,
-				                       hash=>$hash, file_name=>$file_name)},
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", -replay=>1)},
 				        "history"),
 				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree",
 				                       hash_base=>"HEAD", file_name=>$file_name)},
 				        "HEAD"),
 		}
-		if ($have_snapshot) {
+		my $snapshot_links = format_snapshot_links($hash);
+		if (defined $snapshot_links) {
 			# FIXME: Should be available when we have no hash base as well.
-			push @views_nav,
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"snapshot", hash=>$hash)},
-				        "snapshot");
+			push @views_nav, $snapshot_links;
 		}
 		git_print_page_nav('tree','', $hash_base, undef, undef, join(' | ', @views_nav));
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref, $hash_base);
@@ -3551,10 +5102,10 @@ sub git_tree {
 		if ($basedir ne '' && substr($basedir, -1) ne '/') {
 			$basedir .= '/';
 		}
+		git_print_page_path($file_name, 'tree', $hash_base);
 	}
-	git_print_page_path($file_name, 'tree', $hash_base);
 	print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
-	print "<table cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+	print "<table class=\"tree\">\n";
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	# '..' (top directory) link if possible
 	if (defined $hash_base &&
@@ -3600,34 +5151,50 @@ sub git_tree {
 }
 
 sub git_snapshot {
-	my ($ctype, $suffix, $command) = gitweb_check_feature('snapshot');
-	my $have_snapshot = (defined $ctype && defined $suffix);
-	if (!$have_snapshot) {
-		die_error('403 Permission denied', "Permission denied");
+	my $format = $input_params{'snapshot_format'};
+	if (!@snapshot_fmts) {
+		die_error(403, "Snapshots not allowed");
+	}
+	# default to first supported snapshot format
+	$format ||= $snapshot_fmts[0];
+	if ($format !~ m/^[a-z0-9]+$/) {
+		die_error(400, "Invalid snapshot format parameter");
+	} elsif (!exists($known_snapshot_formats{$format})) {
+		die_error(400, "Unknown snapshot format");
+	} elsif (!grep($_ eq $format, @snapshot_fmts)) {
+		die_error(403, "Unsupported snapshot format");
 	}
 
 	if (!defined $hash) {
 		$hash = git_get_head_hash($project);
 	}
 
-	my $filename = to_utf8(basename($project)) . "-$hash.tar.$suffix";
+	my $name = $project;
+	$name =~ s,([^/])/*\.git$,$1,;
+	$name = basename($name);
+	my $filename = to_utf8($name);
+	$name =~ s/\047/\047\\\047\047/g;
+	my $cmd;
+	$filename .= "-$hash$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'suffix'}";
+	$cmd = quote_command(
+		git_cmd(), 'archive',
+		"--format=$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'format'}",
+		"--prefix=$name/", $hash);
+	if (exists $known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'compressor'}) {
+		$cmd .= ' | ' . quote_command(@{$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'compressor'}});
+	}
 
 	print $cgi->header(
-		-type => "application/$ctype",
+		-type => $known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'type'},
 		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$filename" . '"',
 		-status => '200 OK');
 
-	my $git = git_cmd_str();
-	my $name = $project;
-	$name =~ s/\047/\047\\\047\047/g;
-	open my $fd, "-|",
-		"$git archive --format=tar --prefix=\'$name\'/ $hash | $command"
-		or die_error(undef, "Execute git-tar-tree failed");
+	open my $fd, "-|", $cmd
+		or die_error(500, "Execute git-archive failed");
 	binmode STDOUT, ':raw';
 	print <$fd>;
 	binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'; # as set at the beginning of gitweb.cgi
 	close $fd;
-
 }
 
 sub git_log {
@@ -3642,7 +5209,16 @@ sub git_log {
 
 	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash, 101, (100 * $page));
 
-	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('log', $hash, $head, $page, (100 * ($page+1)));
+	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('log', $hash, $head, $page, $#commitlist >= 100);
+
+	my ($patch_max) = gitweb_get_feature('patches');
+	if ($patch_max) {
+		if ($patch_max < 0 || @commitlist <= $patch_max) {
+			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patches", -replay=>1)},
+					"patches");
+		}
+	}
 
 	git_header_html();
 	git_print_page_nav('log','', $hash,undef,undef, $paging_nav);
@@ -3672,9 +5248,9 @@ sub git_log {
 		      " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$commit, hash_base=>$commit)}, "tree") .
 		      "<br/>\n" .
-		      "</div>\n" .
-		      "<i>" . esc_html($co{'author_name'}) .  " [$ad{'rfc2822'}]</i><br/>\n" .
 		      "</div>\n";
+		      git_print_authorship(\%co, -tag => 'span');
+		      print "<br/>\n</div>\n";
 
 		print "<div class=\"log_body\">\n";
 		git_print_log($co{'comment'}, -final_empty_line=> 1);
@@ -3682,7 +5258,7 @@ sub git_log {
 	}
 	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
 		print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n";
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$hash, page=>$page+1),
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
 			       -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
 		print "</div>\n";
 	}
@@ -3691,12 +5267,8 @@ sub git_log {
 
 sub git_commit {
 	$hash ||= $hash_base || "HEAD";
-	my %co = parse_commit($hash);
-	if (!%co) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown commit object");
-	}
-	my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'}, $co{'author_tz'});
-	my %cd = parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'});
+	my %co = parse_commit($hash)
+	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
 
 	my $parent  = $co{'parent'};
 	my $parents = $co{'parents'}; # listref
@@ -3725,19 +5297,23 @@ sub git_commit {
 			} @$parents ) .
 			')';
 	}
+	if (gitweb_check_feature('patches')) {
+		$formats_nav .= " | " .
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patch", -replay=>1)},
+				"patch");
+	}
 
 	if (!defined $parent) {
 		$parent = "--root";
 	}
 	my @difftree;
-	if (@$parents <= 1) {
-		# difftree output is not printed for merges
-		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', "--no-commit-id",
-			@diff_opts, $parent, $hash, "--"
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
-		@difftree = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
-		close $fd or die_error(undef, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
-	}
+	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', "--no-commit-id",
+		@diff_opts,
+		(@$parents <= 1 ? $parent : '-c'),
+		$hash, "--"
+		or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+	@difftree = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
+	close $fd or die_error(404, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
 
 	# non-textual hash id's can be cached
 	my $expires;
@@ -3747,8 +5323,6 @@ sub git_commit {
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 	my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $co{'id'});
 
-	my $have_snapshot = gitweb_have_snapshot();
-
 	git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 	git_print_page_nav('commit', '',
 	                   $hash, $co{'tree'}, $hash,
@@ -3760,23 +5334,8 @@ sub git_commit {
 		git_print_header_div('tree', esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref, $co{'tree'}, $hash);
 	}
 	print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
-	      "<table cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
-	print "<tr><td>author</td><td>" . esc_html($co{'author'}) . "</td></tr>\n".
-	      "<tr>" .
-	      "<td></td><td> $ad{'rfc2822'}";
-	if ($ad{'hour_local'} < 6) {
-		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	} else {
-		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	}
-	print "</td>" .
-	      "</tr>\n";
-	print "<tr><td>committer</td><td>" . esc_html($co{'committer'}) . "</td></tr>\n";
-	print "<tr><td></td><td> $cd{'rfc2822'}" .
-	      sprintf(" (%02d:%02d %s)", $cd{'hour_local'}, $cd{'minute_local'}, $cd{'tz_local'}) .
-	      "</td></tr>\n";
+	      "<table class=\"object_header\">\n";
+	git_print_authorship_rows(\%co);
 	print "<tr><td>commit</td><td class=\"sha1\">$co{'id'}</td></tr>\n";
 	print "<tr>" .
 	      "<td>tree</td>" .
@@ -3787,9 +5346,9 @@ sub git_commit {
 	      "<td class=\"link\">" .
 	      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$co{'tree'}, hash_base=>$hash)},
 	              "tree");
-	if ($have_snapshot) {
-		print " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"snapshot", hash=>$hash)}, "snapshot");
+	my $snapshot_links = format_snapshot_links($hash);
+	if (defined $snapshot_links) {
+		print " | " . $snapshot_links;
 	}
 	print "</td>" .
 	      "</tr>\n";
@@ -3815,10 +5374,7 @@ sub git_commit {
 	git_print_log($co{'comment'});
 	print "</div>\n";
 
-	if (@$parents <= 1) {
-		# do not output difftree/whatchanged for merges
-		git_difftree_body(\@difftree, $hash, $parent);
-	}
+	git_difftree_body(\@difftree, $hash, @$parents);
 
 	git_footer_html();
 }
@@ -3833,35 +5389,35 @@ sub git_object {
 	if ($hash || ($hash_base && !defined $file_name)) {
 		my $object_id = $hash || $hash_base;
 
-		my $git_command = git_cmd_str();
-		open my $fd, "-|", "$git_command cat-file -t $object_id 2>/dev/null"
-			or die_error('404 Not Found', "Object does not exist");
+		open my $fd, "-|", quote_command(
+			git_cmd(), 'cat-file', '-t', $object_id) . ' 2> /dev/null'
+			or die_error(404, "Object does not exist");
 		$type = <$fd>;
 		chomp $type;
 		close $fd
-			or die_error('404 Not Found', "Object does not exist");
+			or die_error(404, "Object does not exist");
 
 	# - hash_base and file_name
 	} elsif ($hash_base && defined $file_name) {
 		$file_name =~ s,/+$,,;
 
 		system(git_cmd(), "cat-file", '-e', $hash_base) == 0
-			or die_error('404 Not Found', "Base object does not exist");
+			or die_error(404, "Base object does not exist");
 
 		# here errors should not hapen
 		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", $hash_base, "--", $file_name
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
 		my $line = <$fd>;
 		close $fd;
 
 		#'100644 blob 0fa3f3a66fb6a137f6ec2c19351ed4d807070ffa	panic.c'
 		unless ($line && $line =~ m/^([0-9]+) (.+) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\t/) {
-			die_error('404 Not Found', "File or directory for given base does not exist");
+			die_error(404, "File or directory for given base does not exist");
 		}
 		$type = $2;
 		$hash = $3;
 	} else {
-		die_error('404 Not Found', "Not enough information to find object");
+		die_error(400, "Not enough information to find object");
 	}
 
 	print $cgi->redirect(-uri => href(action=>$type, -full=>1,
@@ -3886,12 +5442,12 @@ sub git_blobdiff {
 			open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
 				$hash_parent_base, $hash_base,
 				"--", (defined $file_parent ? $file_parent : ()), $file_name
-				or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+				or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
 			@difftree = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
 			close $fd
-				or die_error(undef, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
+				or die_error(404, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
 			@difftree
-				or die_error('404 Not Found', "Blob diff not found");
+				or die_error(404, "Blob diff not found");
 
 		} elsif (defined $hash &&
 		         $hash =~ /[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/) {
@@ -3900,28 +5456,28 @@ sub git_blobdiff {
 			# read filtered raw output
 			open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
 				$hash_parent_base, $hash_base, "--"
-				or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+				or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
 			@difftree =
 				# ':100644 100644 03b21826... 3b93d5e7... M	ls-files.c'
 				# $hash == to_id
 				grep { /^:[0-7]{6} [0-7]{6} [0-9a-fA-F]{40} $hash/ }
 				map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
 			close $fd
-				or die_error(undef, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
+				or die_error(404, "Reading git-diff-tree failed");
 			@difftree
-				or die_error('404 Not Found', "Blob diff not found");
+				or die_error(404, "Blob diff not found");
 
 		} else {
-			die_error('404 Not Found', "Missing one of the blob diff parameters");
+			die_error(400, "Missing one of the blob diff parameters");
 		}
 
 		if (@difftree > 1) {
-			die_error('404 Not Found', "Ambiguous blob diff specification");
+			die_error(400, "Ambiguous blob diff specification");
 		}
 
 		%diffinfo = parse_difftree_raw_line($difftree[0]);
-		$file_parent ||= $diffinfo{'from_file'} || $file_name || $diffinfo{'file'};
-		$file_name   ||= $diffinfo{'to_file'}   || $diffinfo{'file'};
+		$file_parent ||= $diffinfo{'from_file'} || $file_name;
+		$file_name   ||= $diffinfo{'to_file'};
 
 		$hash_parent ||= $diffinfo{'from_id'};
 		$hash        ||= $diffinfo{'to_id'};
@@ -3937,55 +5493,18 @@ sub git_blobdiff {
 			'-p', ($format eq 'html' ? "--full-index" : ()),
 			$hash_parent_base, $hash_base,
 			"--", (defined $file_parent ? $file_parent : ()), $file_name
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
 	}
 
-	# old/legacy style URI
-	if (!%diffinfo && # if new style URI failed
-	    defined $hash && defined $hash_parent) {
-		# fake git-diff-tree raw output
-		$diffinfo{'from_mode'} = $diffinfo{'to_mode'} = "blob";
-		$diffinfo{'from_id'} = $hash_parent;
-		$diffinfo{'to_id'}   = $hash;
-		if (defined $file_name) {
-			if (defined $file_parent) {
-				$diffinfo{'status'} = '2';
-				$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $file_parent;
-				$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $file_name;
-			} else { # assume not renamed
-				$diffinfo{'status'} = '1';
-				$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $file_name;
-				$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $file_name;
-			}
-		} else { # no filename given
-			$diffinfo{'status'} = '2';
-			$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $hash_parent;
-			$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $hash;
-		}
-
-		# non-textual hash id's can be cached
-		if ($hash =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/ &&
-		    $hash_parent =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/) {
-			$expires = '+1d';
-		}
-
-		# open patch output
-		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff", @diff_opts,
-			'-p', ($format eq 'html' ? "--full-index" : ()),
-			$hash_parent, $hash, "--"
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff failed");
-	} else  {
+	# old/legacy style URI -- not generated anymore since 1.4.3.
+	if (!%diffinfo) {
 		die_error('404 Not Found', "Missing one of the blob diff parameters")
-			unless %diffinfo;
 	}
 
 	# header
 	if ($format eq 'html') {
 		my $formats_nav =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff_plain",
-			                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>$hash_parent,
-			                       hash_base=>$hash_base, hash_parent_base=>$hash_parent_base,
-			                       file_name=>$file_name, file_parent=>$file_parent)},
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff_plain", -replay=>1)},
 			        "raw");
 		git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 		if (defined $hash_base && (my %co = parse_commit($hash_base))) {
@@ -4011,7 +5530,7 @@ sub git_blobdiff {
 		print "X-Git-Url: " . $cgi->self_url() . "\n\n";
 
 	} else {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown blobdiff format");
+		die_error(400, "Unknown blobdiff format");
 	}
 
 	# patch
@@ -4044,29 +5563,50 @@ sub git_blobdiff_plain {
 }
 
 sub git_commitdiff {
-	my $format = shift || 'html';
-	$hash ||= $hash_base || "HEAD";
-	my %co = parse_commit($hash);
-	if (!%co) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown commit object");
+	my %params = @_;
+	my $format = $params{-format} || 'html';
+
+	my ($patch_max) = gitweb_get_feature('patches');
+	if ($format eq 'patch') {
+		die_error(403, "Patch view not allowed") unless $patch_max;
 	}
 
-	# we need to prepare $formats_nav before any parameter munging
+	$hash ||= $hash_base || "HEAD";
+	my %co = parse_commit($hash)
+	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
+
+	# choose format for commitdiff for merge
+	if (! defined $hash_parent && @{$co{'parents'}} > 1) {
+		$hash_parent = '--cc';
+	}
+	# we need to prepare $formats_nav before almost any parameter munging
 	my $formats_nav;
 	if ($format eq 'html') {
 		$formats_nav =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff_plain",
-			                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>$hash_parent)},
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff_plain", -replay=>1)},
 			        "raw");
+		if ($patch_max) {
+			$formats_nav .= " | " .
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patch", -replay=>1)},
+					"patch");
+		}
 
-		if (defined $hash_parent) {
+		if (defined $hash_parent &&
+		    $hash_parent ne '-c' && $hash_parent ne '--cc') {
 			# commitdiff with two commits given
 			my $hash_parent_short = $hash_parent;
 			if ($hash_parent =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/) {
 				$hash_parent_short = substr($hash_parent, 0, 7);
 			}
 			$formats_nav .=
-				' (from: ' .
+				' (from';
+			for (my $i = 0; $i < @{$co{'parents'}}; $i++) {
+				if ($co{'parents'}[$i] eq $hash_parent) {
+					$formats_nav .= ' parent ' . ($i+1);
+					last;
+				}
+			}
+			$formats_nav .= ': ' .
 				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
 				                       hash=>$hash_parent)},
 				        esc_html($hash_parent_short)) .
@@ -4084,6 +5624,17 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 				')';
 		} else {
 			# merge commit
+			if ($hash_parent eq '--cc') {
+				$formats_nav .= ' | ' .
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
+					                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>'-c')},
+					        'combined');
+			} else { # $hash_parent eq '-c'
+				$formats_nav .= ' | ' .
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
+					                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>'--cc')},
+					        'compact');
+			}
 			$formats_nav .=
 				' (merge: ' .
 				join(' ', map {
@@ -4095,8 +5646,11 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!defined $hash_parent) {
-		$hash_parent = $co{'parent'} || '--root';
+	my $hash_parent_param = $hash_parent;
+	if (!defined $hash_parent_param) {
+		# --cc for multiple parents, --root for parentless
+		$hash_parent_param =
+			@{$co{'parents'}} > 1 ? '--cc' : $co{'parent'} || '--root';
 	}
 
 	# read commitdiff
@@ -4105,23 +5659,47 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 	if ($format eq 'html') {
 		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
 			"--no-commit-id", "--patch-with-raw", "--full-index",
-			$hash_parent, $hash, "--"
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+			$hash_parent_param, $hash, "--"
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
 
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 			chomp $line;
 			# empty line ends raw part of diff-tree output
 			last unless $line;
-			push @difftree, $line;
+			push @difftree, scalar parse_difftree_raw_line($line);
 		}
 
 	} elsif ($format eq 'plain') {
 		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
-			'-p', $hash_parent, $hash, "--"
-			or die_error(undef, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
-
+			'-p', $hash_parent_param, $hash, "--"
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		# For commit ranges, we limit the output to the number of
+		# patches specified in the 'patches' feature.
+		# For single commits, we limit the output to a single patch,
+		# diverging from the git-format-patch default.
+		my @commit_spec = ();
+		if ($hash_parent) {
+			if ($patch_max > 0) {
+				push @commit_spec, "-$patch_max";
+			}
+			push @commit_spec, '-n', "$hash_parent..$hash";
+		} else {
+			if ($params{-single}) {
+				push @commit_spec, '-1';
+			} else {
+				if ($patch_max > 0) {
+					push @commit_spec, "-$patch_max";
+				}
+				push @commit_spec, "-n";
+			}
+			push @commit_spec, '--root', $hash;
+		}
+		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "format-patch", '--encoding=utf8',
+			'--stdout', @commit_spec
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-format-patch failed");
 	} else {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown commitdiff format");
+		die_error(400, "Unknown commitdiff format");
 	}
 
 	# non-textual hash id's can be cached
@@ -4138,7 +5716,11 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 		git_print_page_nav('commitdiff','', $hash,$co{'tree'},$hash, $formats_nav);
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref, $hash);
-		git_print_authorship(\%co);
+		print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
+		      "<table class=\"object_header\">\n";
+		git_print_authorship_rows(\%co);
+		print "</table>".
+		      "</div>\n";
 		print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
 		if (@{$co{'comment'}} > 1) {
 			print "<div class=\"log\">\n";
@@ -4157,26 +5739,37 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 			-expires => $expires,
 			-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$filename" . '"');
 		my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'}, $co{'author_tz'});
-		print <<TEXT;
-From: $co{'author'}
-Date: $ad{'rfc2822'} ($ad{'tz_local'})
-Subject: $co{'title'}
-TEXT
+		print "From: " . to_utf8($co{'author'}) . "\n";
+		print "Date: $ad{'rfc2822'} ($ad{'tz_local'})\n";
+		print "Subject: " . to_utf8($co{'title'}) . "\n";
+
 		print "X-Git-Tag: $tagname\n" if $tagname;
 		print "X-Git-Url: " . $cgi->self_url() . "\n\n";
 
 		foreach my $line (@{$co{'comment'}}) {
-			print "$line\n";
+			print to_utf8($line) . "\n";
 		}
 		print "---\n\n";
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		my $filename = basename($project) . "-$hash.patch";
+
+		print $cgi->header(
+			-type => 'text/plain',
+			-charset => 'utf-8',
+			-expires => $expires,
+			-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$filename" . '"');
 	}
 
 	# write patch
 	if ($format eq 'html') {
-		git_difftree_body(\@difftree, $hash, $hash_parent);
+		my $use_parents = !defined $hash_parent ||
+			$hash_parent eq '-c' || $hash_parent eq '--cc';
+		git_difftree_body(\@difftree, $hash,
+		                  $use_parents ? @{$co{'parents'}} : $hash_parent);
 		print "<br/>\n";
 
-		git_patchset_body($fd, \@difftree, $hash, $hash_parent);
+		git_patchset_body($fd, \@difftree, $hash,
+		                  $use_parents ? @{$co{'parents'}} : $hash_parent);
 		close $fd;
 		print "</div>\n"; # class="page_body"
 		git_footer_html();
@@ -4186,11 +5779,25 @@ TEXT
 		print <$fd>;
 		close $fd
 			or print "Reading git-diff-tree failed\n";
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		local $/ = undef;
+		print <$fd>;
+		close $fd
+			or print "Reading git-format-patch failed\n";
 	}
 }
 
 sub git_commitdiff_plain {
-	git_commitdiff('plain');
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'plain');
+}
+
+# format-patch-style patches
+sub git_patch {
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'patch', -single=> 1);
+}
+
+sub git_patches {
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'patch');
 }
 
 sub git_history {
@@ -4201,22 +5808,30 @@ sub git_history {
 		$page = 0;
 	}
 	my $ftype;
-	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base);
-	if (!%co) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown commit object");
-	}
+	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base)
+	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
 
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 	my $limit = sprintf("--max-count=%i", (100 * ($page+1)));
 
+	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash_base, 101, (100 * $page),
+	                               $file_name, "--full-history")
+	    or die_error(404, "No such file or directory on given branch");
+
 	if (!defined $hash && defined $file_name) {
-		$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($hash_base, $file_name);
+		# some commits could have deleted file in question,
+		# and not have it in tree, but one of them has to have it
+		for (my $i = 0; $i <= @commitlist; $i++) {
+			$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($commitlist[$i]{'id'}, $file_name);
+			last if defined $hash;
+		}
 	}
 	if (defined $hash) {
 		$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
 	}
-
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash_base, 101, (100 * $page), "--full-history", $file_name);
+	if (!defined $ftype) {
+		die_error(500, "Unknown type of object");
+	}
 
 	my $paging_nav = '';
 	if ($page > 0) {
@@ -4225,27 +5840,20 @@ sub git_history {
 			                       file_name=>$file_name)},
 			        "first");
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base,
-			                       file_name=>$file_name, page=>$page-1),
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page-1),
 			         -accesskey => "p", -title => "Alt-p"}, "prev");
 	} else {
 		$paging_nav .= "first";
 		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; prev";
 	}
-	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base,
-			                       file_name=>$file_name, page=>$page+1),
-			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
-	} else {
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; next";
-	}
 	my $next_link = '';
 	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
 		$next_link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base,
-			                       file_name=>$file_name, page=>$page+1),
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
 			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
+		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; $next_link";
+	} else {
+		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; next";
 	}
 
 	git_header_html();
@@ -4260,19 +5868,16 @@ sub git_history {
 }
 
 sub git_search {
-	my ($have_search) = gitweb_check_feature('search');
-	if (!$have_search) {
-		die_error('403 Permission denied', "Permission denied");
-	}
+	gitweb_check_feature('search') or die_error(403, "Search is disabled");
 	if (!defined $searchtext) {
-		die_error(undef, "Text field empty");
+		die_error(400, "Text field is empty");
 	}
 	if (!defined $hash) {
 		$hash = git_get_head_hash($project);
 	}
 	my %co = parse_commit($hash);
 	if (!%co) {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown commit object");
+		die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
 	}
 	if (!defined $page) {
 		$page = 0;
@@ -4282,10 +5887,12 @@ sub git_search {
 	if ($searchtype eq 'pickaxe') {
 		# pickaxe may take all resources of your box and run for several minutes
 		# with every query - so decide by yourself how public you make this feature
-		my ($have_pickaxe) = gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe');
-		if (!$have_pickaxe) {
-			die_error('403 Permission denied', "Permission denied");
-		}
+		gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe')
+		    or die_error(403, "Pickaxe is disabled");
+	}
+	if ($searchtype eq 'grep') {
+		gitweb_check_feature('grep')
+		    or die_error(403, "Grep is disabled");
 	}
 
 	git_header_html();
@@ -4300,39 +5907,35 @@ sub git_search {
 			$greptype = "--committer=";
 		}
 		$greptype .= $searchtext;
-		my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash, 101, (100 * $page), $greptype);
+		my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash, 101, (100 * $page), undef,
+		                               $greptype, '--regexp-ignore-case',
+		                               $search_use_regexp ? '--extended-regexp' : '--fixed-strings');
 
 		my $paging_nav = '';
 		if ($page > 0) {
 			$paging_nav .=
 				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search", hash=>$hash,
-				                       searchtext=>$searchtext, searchtype=>$searchtype)},
+				                       searchtext=>$searchtext,
+				                       searchtype=>$searchtype)},
 				        "first");
 			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search", hash=>$hash,
-				                       searchtext=>$searchtext, searchtype=>$searchtype,
-				                       page=>$page-1),
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page-1),
 				         -accesskey => "p", -title => "Alt-p"}, "prev");
 		} else {
 			$paging_nav .= "first";
 			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; prev";
 		}
+		my $next_link = '';
 		if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search", hash=>$hash,
-				                       searchtext=>$searchtext, searchtype=>$searchtype,
-				                       page=>$page+1),
+			$next_link =
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
 				         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
+			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; $next_link";
 		} else {
 			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; next";
 		}
-		my $next_link = '';
+
 		if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-			$next_link =
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search", hash=>$hash,
-				                       searchtext=>$searchtext, searchtype=>$searchtype,
-				                       page=>$page+1),
-				         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
 		}
 
 		git_print_page_nav('','', $hash,$co{'tree'},$hash, $paging_nav);
@@ -4344,50 +5947,22 @@ sub git_search {
 		git_print_page_nav('','', $hash,$co{'tree'},$hash);
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash);
 
-		print "<table cellspacing=\"0\">\n";
+		print "<table class=\"pickaxe search\">\n";
 		my $alternate = 1;
-		$/ = "\n";
-		my $git_command = git_cmd_str();
-		open my $fd, "-|", "$git_command rev-list $hash | " .
-			"$git_command diff-tree -r --stdin -S\'$searchtext\'";
+		local $/ = "\n";
+		open my $fd, '-|', git_cmd(), '--no-pager', 'log', @diff_opts,
+			'--pretty=format:%H', '--no-abbrev', '--raw', "-S$searchtext",
+			($search_use_regexp ? '--pickaxe-regex' : ());
 		undef %co;
 		my @files;
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
-			if (%co && $line =~ m/^:([0-7]{6}) ([0-7]{6}) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40}) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40}) (.)\t(.*)$/) {
-				my %set;
-				$set{'file'} = $6;
-				$set{'from_id'} = $3;
-				$set{'to_id'} = $4;
-				$set{'id'} = $set{'to_id'};
-				if ($set{'id'} =~ m/0{40}/) {
-					$set{'id'} = $set{'from_id'};
-				}
-				if ($set{'id'} =~ m/0{40}/) {
-					next;
-				}
-				push @files, \%set;
-			} elsif ($line =~ m/^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})$/){
+			chomp $line;
+			next unless $line;
+
+			my %set = parse_difftree_raw_line($line);
+			if (defined $set{'commit'}) {
+				# finish previous commit
 				if (%co) {
-					if ($alternate) {
-						print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
-					} else {
-						print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
-					}
-					$alternate ^= 1;
-					print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-					      "<td><i>" . esc_html(chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 5)) . "</i></td>\n" .
-					      "<td>" .
-					      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'}),
-					              -class => "list subject"},
-					              esc_html(chop_str($co{'title'}, 50)) . "<br/>");
-					while (my $setref = shift @files) {
-						my %set = %$setref;
-						print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$co{'id'},
-						                             hash=>$set{'id'}, file_name=>$set{'file'}),
-						              -class => "list"},
-						              "<span class=\"match\">" . esc_path($set{'file'}) . "</span>") .
-						      "<br/>\n";
-					}
 					print "</td>\n" .
 					      "<td class=\"link\">" .
 					      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'})}, "commit") .
@@ -4396,9 +5971,111 @@ sub git_search {
 					print "</td>\n" .
 					      "</tr>\n";
 				}
-				%co = parse_commit($1);
+
+				if ($alternate) {
+					print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
+				} else {
+					print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
+				}
+				$alternate ^= 1;
+				%co = parse_commit($set{'commit'});
+				my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 5);
+				print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
+				      "<td><i>$author</i></td>\n" .
+				      "<td>" .
+				      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'}),
+				              -class => "list subject"},
+				              chop_and_escape_str($co{'title'}, 50) . "<br/>");
+			} elsif (defined $set{'to_id'}) {
+				next if ($set{'to_id'} =~ m/^0{40}$/);
+
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$co{'id'},
+				                             hash=>$set{'to_id'}, file_name=>$set{'to_file'}),
+				              -class => "list"},
+				              "<span class=\"match\">" . esc_path($set{'file'}) . "</span>") .
+				      "<br/>\n";
+			}
+		}
+		close $fd;
+
+		# finish last commit (warning: repetition!)
+		if (%co) {
+			print "</td>\n" .
+			      "<td class=\"link\">" .
+			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'})}, "commit") .
+			      " | " .
+			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$co{'tree'}, hash_base=>$co{'id'})}, "tree");
+			print "</td>\n" .
+			      "</tr>\n";
+		}
+
+		print "</table>\n";
+	}
+
+	if ($searchtype eq 'grep') {
+		git_print_page_nav('','', $hash,$co{'tree'},$hash);
+		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash);
+
+		print "<table class=\"grep_search\">\n";
+		my $alternate = 1;
+		my $matches = 0;
+		local $/ = "\n";
+		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), 'grep', '-n',
+			$search_use_regexp ? ('-E', '-i') : '-F',
+			$searchtext, $co{'tree'};
+		my $lastfile = '';
+		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $line;
+			my ($file, $lno, $ltext, $binary);
+			last if ($matches++ > 1000);
+			if ($line =~ /^Binary file (.+) matches$/) {
+				$file = $1;
+				$binary = 1;
+			} else {
+				(undef, $file, $lno, $ltext) = split(/:/, $line, 4);
+			}
+			if ($file ne $lastfile) {
+				$lastfile and print "</td></tr>\n";
+				if ($alternate++) {
+					print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
+				} else {
+					print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
+				}
+				print "<td class=\"list\">".
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$co{'hash'},
+							       file_name=>"$file"),
+						-class => "list"}, esc_path($file));
+				print "</td><td>\n";
+				$lastfile = $file;
+			}
+			if ($binary) {
+				print "<div class=\"binary\">Binary file</div>\n";
+			} else {
+				$ltext = untabify($ltext);
+				if ($ltext =~ m/^(.*)($search_regexp)(.*)$/i) {
+					$ltext = esc_html($1, -nbsp=>1);
+					$ltext .= '<span class="match">';
+					$ltext .= esc_html($2, -nbsp=>1);
+					$ltext .= '</span>';
+					$ltext .= esc_html($3, -nbsp=>1);
+				} else {
+					$ltext = esc_html($ltext, -nbsp=>1);
+				}
+				print "<div class=\"pre\">" .
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$co{'hash'},
+							       file_name=>"$file").'#l'.$lno,
+						-class => "linenr"}, sprintf('%4i', $lno))
+					. ' ' .  $ltext . "</div>\n";
 			}
 		}
+		if ($lastfile) {
+			print "</td></tr>\n";
+			if ($matches > 1000) {
+				print "<div class=\"diff nodifferences\">Too many matches, listing trimmed</div>\n";
+			}
+		} else {
+			print "<div class=\"diff nodifferences\">No matches found</div>\n";
+		}
 		close $fd;
 
 		print "</table>\n";
@@ -4410,21 +6087,40 @@ sub git_search_help {
 	git_header_html();
 	git_print_page_nav('','', $hash,$hash,$hash);
 	print <<EOT;
+<p><strong>Pattern</strong> is by default a normal string that is matched precisely (but without
+regard to case, except in the case of pickaxe). However, when you check the <em>re</em> checkbox,
+the pattern entered is recognized as the POSIX extended
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression">regular expression</a> (also case
+insensitive).</p>
 <dl>
 <dt><b>commit</b></dt>
-<dd>The commit messages and authorship information will be scanned for the given string.</dd>
+<dd>The commit messages and authorship information will be scanned for the given pattern.</dd>
+EOT
+	my $have_grep = gitweb_check_feature('grep');
+	if ($have_grep) {
+		print <<EOT;
+<dt><b>grep</b></dt>
+<dd>All files in the currently selected tree (HEAD unless you are explicitly browsing
+    a different one) are searched for the given pattern. On large trees, this search can take
+a while and put some strain on the server, so please use it with some consideration. Note that
+due to git-grep peculiarity, currently if regexp mode is turned off, the matches are
+case-sensitive.</dd>
+EOT
+	}
+	print <<EOT;
 <dt><b>author</b></dt>
-<dd>Name and e-mail of the change author and date of birth of the patch will be scanned for the given string.</dd>
+<dd>Name and e-mail of the change author and date of birth of the patch will be scanned for the given pattern.</dd>
 <dt><b>committer</b></dt>
-<dd>Name and e-mail of the committer and date of commit will be scanned for the given string.</dd>
+<dd>Name and e-mail of the committer and date of commit will be scanned for the given pattern.</dd>
 EOT
-	my ($have_pickaxe) = gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe');
+	my $have_pickaxe = gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe');
 	if ($have_pickaxe) {
 		print <<EOT;
 <dt><b>pickaxe</b></dt>
 <dd>All commits that caused the string to appear or disappear from any file (changes that
 added, removed or "modified" the string) will be listed. This search can take a while and
-takes a lot of strain on the server, so please use it wisely.</dd>
+takes a lot of strain on the server, so please use it wisely. Note that since you may be
+interested even in changes just changing the case as well, this search is case sensitive.</dd>
 EOT
 	}
 	print "</dl>\n";
@@ -4441,15 +6137,27 @@ sub git_shortlog {
 	}
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash, 101, (100 * $page));
+	my $commit_hash = $hash;
+	if (defined $hash_parent) {
+		$commit_hash = "$hash_parent..$hash";
+	}
+	my @commitlist = parse_commits($commit_hash, 101, (100 * $page));
 
-	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('shortlog', $hash, $head, $page, (100 * ($page+1)));
+	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('shortlog', $hash, $head, $page, $#commitlist >= 100);
 	my $next_link = '';
 	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
 		$next_link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$hash, page=>$page+1),
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
 			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
 	}
+	my $patch_max = gitweb_check_feature('patches');
+	if ($patch_max) {
+		if ($patch_max < 0 || @commitlist <= $patch_max) {
+			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patches", -replay=>1)},
+					"patches");
+		}
+	}
 
 	git_header_html();
 	git_print_page_nav('shortlog','', $hash,$hash,$hash, $paging_nav);
@@ -4465,17 +6173,17 @@ sub git_shortlog {
 
 sub git_feed {
 	my $format = shift || 'atom';
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 
 	# Atom: http://www.atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/
 	# RSS:  http://www.notestips.com/80256B3A007F2692/1/NAMO5P9UPQ
 	if ($format ne 'rss' && $format ne 'atom') {
-		die_error(undef, "Unknown web feed format");
+		die_error(400, "Unknown web feed format");
 	}
 
 	# log/feed of current (HEAD) branch, log of given branch, history of file/directory
 	my $head = $hash || 'HEAD';
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($head, 150);
+	my @commitlist = parse_commits($head, 150, 0, $file_name);
 
 	my %latest_commit;
 	my %latest_date;
@@ -4487,7 +6195,25 @@ sub git_feed {
 	}
 	if (defined($commitlist[0])) {
 		%latest_commit = %{$commitlist[0]};
-		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_commit{'author_epoch'});
+		my $latest_epoch = $latest_commit{'committer_epoch'};
+		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_epoch);
+		my $if_modified = $cgi->http('IF_MODIFIED_SINCE');
+		if (defined $if_modified) {
+			my $since;
+			if (eval { require HTTP::Date; 1; }) {
+				$since = HTTP::Date::str2time($if_modified);
+			} elsif (eval { require Time::ParseDate; 1; }) {
+				$since = Time::ParseDate::parsedate($if_modified, GMT => 1);
+			}
+			if (defined $since && $latest_epoch <= $since) {
+				print $cgi->header(
+					-type => $content_type,
+					-charset => 'utf-8',
+					-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'},
+					-status => '304 Not Modified');
+				return;
+			}
+		}
 		print $cgi->header(
 			-type => $content_type,
 			-charset => 'utf-8',
@@ -4546,7 +6272,24 @@ XML
 		print "<title>$title</title>\n" .
 		      "<link>$alt_url</link>\n" .
 		      "<description>$descr</description>\n" .
-		      "<language>en</language>\n";
+		      "<language>en</language>\n" .
+		      # project owner is responsible for 'editorial' content
+		      "<managingEditor>$owner</managingEditor>\n";
+		if (defined $logo || defined $favicon) {
+			# prefer the logo to the favicon, since RSS
+			# doesn't allow both
+			my $img = esc_url($logo || $favicon);
+			print "<image>\n" .
+			      "<url>$img</url>\n" .
+			      "<title>$title</title>\n" .
+			      "<link>$alt_url</link>\n" .
+			      "</image>\n";
+		}
+		if (%latest_date) {
+			print "<pubDate>$latest_date{'rfc2822'}</pubDate>\n";
+			print "<lastBuildDate>$latest_date{'rfc2822'}</lastBuildDate>\n";
+		}
+		print "<generator>gitweb v.$version/$git_version</generator>\n";
 	} elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
 		print <<XML;
 <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
@@ -4573,6 +6316,7 @@ XML
 		} else {
 			print "<updated>$latest_date{'iso-8601'}</updated>\n";
 		}
+		print "<generator version='$version/$git_version'>gitweb</generator>\n";
 	}
 
 	# contents
@@ -4587,14 +6331,15 @@ XML
 
 		# get list of changed files
 		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
-			$co{'parent'}, $co{'id'}, "--", (defined $file_name ? $file_name : ())
+			$co{'parent'} || "--root",
+			$co{'id'}, "--", (defined $file_name ? $file_name : ())
 			or next;
 		my @difftree = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
 		close $fd
 			or next;
 
 		# print element (entry, item)
-		my $co_url = href(-full=>1, action=>"commit", hash=>$commit);
+		my $co_url = href(-full=>1, action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit);
 		if ($format eq 'rss') {
 			print "<item>\n" .
 			      "<title>" . esc_html($co{'title'}) . "</title>\n" .
@@ -4677,7 +6422,7 @@ XML
 	# end of feed
 	if ($format eq 'rss') {
 		print "</channel>\n</rss>\n";
-	}	elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
+	} elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
 		print "</feed>\n";
 	}
 }
@@ -4693,7 +6438,11 @@ sub git_atom {
 sub git_opml {
 	my @list = git_get_projects_list();
 
-	print $cgi->header(-type => 'text/xml', -charset => 'utf-8');
+	print $cgi->header(
+		-type => 'text/xml',
+		-charset => 'utf-8',
+		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="opml.xml"');
+
 	print <<XML;
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <opml version="1.0">
@@ -4717,8 +6466,8 @@ XML
 		}
 
 		my $path = esc_html(chop_str($proj{'path'}, 25, 5));
-		my $rss  = "$my_url?p=$proj{'path'};a=rss";
-		my $html = "$my_url?p=$proj{'path'};a=summary";
+		my $rss  = href('project' => $proj{'path'}, 'action' => 'rss', -full => 1);
+		my $html = href('project' => $proj{'path'}, 'action' => 'summary', -full => 1);
 		print "<outline type=\"rss\" text=\"$path\" title=\"$path\" xmlUrl=\"$rss\" htmlUrl=\"$html\"/>\n";
 	}
 	print <<XML;
diff --git a/gitweb/test/Märchen b/gitweb/test/Märchen
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f7a1d3e9c..0000000000
--- a/gitweb/test/Märchen
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-Märchen
-Märchen
diff --git a/gitweb/test/file with spaces b/gitweb/test/file with spaces
deleted file mode 100644
index f108543c4e..0000000000
--- a/gitweb/test/file with spaces
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-This
-filename
-contains
-spaces.
diff --git a/gitweb/test/file+plus+sign b/gitweb/test/file+plus+sign
deleted file mode 100644
index fd05278808..0000000000
--- a/gitweb/test/file+plus+sign
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-This
-filename
-contains
-+
-plus
-chars.
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e466770208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1338 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "graph.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+
+/* Internal API */
+
+/*
+ * Output the next line for a graph.
+ * This formats the next graph line into the specified strbuf.  It is not
+ * terminated with a newline.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the line includes the current commit, and 0 otherwise.
+ * graph_next_line() will return 1 exactly once for each time
+ * graph_update() is called.
+ */
+static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Output a padding line in the graph.
+ * This is similar to graph_next_line().  However, it is guaranteed to
+ * never print the current commit line.  Instead, if the commit line is
+ * next, it will simply output a line of vertical padding, extending the
+ * branch lines downwards, but leaving them otherwise unchanged.
+ */
+static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Print a strbuf to stdout.  If the graph is non-NULL, all lines but the
+ * first will be prefixed with the graph output.
+ *
+ * If the strbuf ends with a newline, the output will end after this
+ * newline.  A new graph line will not be printed after the final newline.
+ * If the strbuf is empty, no output will be printed.
+ *
+ * Since the first line will not include the graph output, the caller is
+ * responsible for printing this line's graph (perhaps via
+ * graph_show_commit() or graph_show_oneline()) before calling
+ * graph_show_strbuf().
+ */
+static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb);
+
+/*
+ * TODO:
+ * - Limit the number of columns, similar to the way gitk does.
+ *   If we reach more than a specified number of columns, omit
+ *   sections of some columns.
+ */
+
+struct column {
+	/*
+	 * The parent commit of this column.
+	 */
+	struct commit *commit;
+	/*
+	 * The color to (optionally) print this column in.  This is an
+	 * index into column_colors.
+	 */
+	unsigned short color;
+};
+
+enum graph_state {
+	GRAPH_PADDING,
+	GRAPH_SKIP,
+	GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT,
+	GRAPH_COMMIT,
+	GRAPH_POST_MERGE,
+	GRAPH_COLLAPSING
+};
+
+/*
+ * The list of available column colors.
+ */
+static char column_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+};
+
+#define COLUMN_COLORS_MAX (ARRAY_SIZE(column_colors))
+
+static const char *column_get_color_code(const struct column *c)
+{
+	return column_colors[c->color];
+}
+
+static void strbuf_write_column(struct strbuf *sb, const struct column *c,
+				char col_char)
+{
+	if (c->color < COLUMN_COLORS_MAX)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, column_get_color_code(c));
+	strbuf_addch(sb, col_char);
+	if (c->color < COLUMN_COLORS_MAX)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+}
+
+struct git_graph {
+	/*
+	 * The commit currently being processed
+	 */
+	struct commit *commit;
+	/* The rev-info used for the current traversal */
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+	/*
+	 * The number of interesting parents that this commit has.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this is not the same as the actual number of parents.
+	 * This count excludes parents that won't be printed in the graph
+	 * output, as determined by graph_is_interesting().
+	 */
+	int num_parents;
+	/*
+	 * The width of the graph output for this commit.
+	 * All rows for this commit are padded to this width, so that
+	 * messages printed after the graph output are aligned.
+	 */
+	int width;
+	/*
+	 * The next expansion row to print
+	 * when state is GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT
+	 */
+	int expansion_row;
+	/*
+	 * The current output state.
+	 * This tells us what kind of line graph_next_line() should output.
+	 */
+	enum graph_state state;
+	/*
+	 * The output state for the previous line of output.
+	 * This is primarily used to determine how the first merge line
+	 * should appear, based on the last line of the previous commit.
+	 */
+	enum graph_state prev_state;
+	/*
+	 * The index of the column that refers to this commit.
+	 *
+	 * If none of the incoming columns refer to this commit,
+	 * this will be equal to num_columns.
+	 */
+	int commit_index;
+	/*
+	 * The commit_index for the previously displayed commit.
+	 *
+	 * This is used to determine how the first line of a merge
+	 * graph output should appear, based on the last line of the
+	 * previous commit.
+	 */
+	int prev_commit_index;
+	/*
+	 * The maximum number of columns that can be stored in the columns
+	 * and new_columns arrays.  This is also half the number of entries
+	 * that can be stored in the mapping and new_mapping arrays.
+	 */
+	int column_capacity;
+	/*
+	 * The number of columns (also called "branch lines" in some places)
+	 */
+	int num_columns;
+	/*
+	 * The number of columns in the new_columns array
+	 */
+	int num_new_columns;
+	/*
+	 * The number of entries in the mapping array
+	 */
+	int mapping_size;
+	/*
+	 * The column state before we output the current commit.
+	 */
+	struct column *columns;
+	/*
+	 * The new column state after we output the current commit.
+	 * Only valid when state is GRAPH_COLLAPSING.
+	 */
+	struct column *new_columns;
+	/*
+	 * An array that tracks the current state of each
+	 * character in the output line during state GRAPH_COLLAPSING.
+	 * Each entry is -1 if this character is empty, or a non-negative
+	 * integer if the character contains a branch line.  The value of
+	 * the integer indicates the target position for this branch line.
+	 * (I.e., this array maps the current column positions to their
+	 * desired positions.)
+	 *
+	 * The maximum capacity of this array is always
+	 * sizeof(int) * 2 * column_capacity.
+	 */
+	int *mapping;
+	/*
+	 * A temporary array for computing the next mapping state
+	 * while we are outputting a mapping line.  This is stored as part
+	 * of the git_graph simply so we don't have to allocate a new
+	 * temporary array each time we have to output a collapsing line.
+	 */
+	int *new_mapping;
+	/*
+	 * The current default column color being used.  This is
+	 * stored as an index into the array column_colors.
+	 */
+	unsigned short default_column_color;
+};
+
+struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
+{
+	struct git_graph *graph = xmalloc(sizeof(struct git_graph));
+	graph->commit = NULL;
+	graph->revs = opt;
+	graph->num_parents = 0;
+	graph->expansion_row = 0;
+	graph->state = GRAPH_PADDING;
+	graph->prev_state = GRAPH_PADDING;
+	graph->commit_index = 0;
+	graph->prev_commit_index = 0;
+	graph->num_columns = 0;
+	graph->num_new_columns = 0;
+	graph->mapping_size = 0;
+	graph->default_column_color = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate a reasonably large default number of columns
+	 * We'll automatically grow columns later if we need more room.
+	 */
+	graph->column_capacity = 30;
+	graph->columns = xmalloc(sizeof(struct column) *
+				 graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->new_columns = xmalloc(sizeof(struct column) *
+				     graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->mapping = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->new_mapping = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+
+	return graph;
+}
+
+static void graph_update_state(struct git_graph *graph, enum graph_state s)
+{
+	graph->prev_state = graph->state;
+	graph->state = s;
+}
+
+static void graph_ensure_capacity(struct git_graph *graph, int num_columns)
+{
+	if (graph->column_capacity >= num_columns)
+		return;
+
+	do {
+		graph->column_capacity *= 2;
+	} while (graph->column_capacity < num_columns);
+
+	graph->columns = xrealloc(graph->columns,
+				  sizeof(struct column) *
+				  graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->new_columns = xrealloc(graph->new_columns,
+				      sizeof(struct column) *
+				      graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->mapping = xrealloc(graph->mapping,
+				  sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+	graph->new_mapping = xrealloc(graph->new_mapping,
+				      sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the commit will be printed in the graph output,
+ * and 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int graph_is_interesting(struct git_graph *graph, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If revs->boundary is set, commits whose children have
+	 * been shown are always interesting, even if they have the
+	 * UNINTERESTING or TREESAME flags set.
+	 */
+	if (graph->revs && graph->revs->boundary) {
+		if (commit->object.flags & CHILD_SHOWN)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Uninteresting and pruned commits won't be printed
+	 */
+	return (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | TREESAME)) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *next_interesting_parent(struct git_graph *graph,
+						   struct commit_list *orig)
+{
+	struct commit_list *list;
+
+	/*
+	 * If revs->first_parent_only is set, only the first
+	 * parent is interesting.  None of the others are.
+	 */
+	if (graph->revs->first_parent_only)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Return the next interesting commit after orig
+	 */
+	for (list = orig->next; list; list = list->next) {
+		if (graph_is_interesting(graph, list->item))
+			return list;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *first_interesting_parent(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents = graph->commit->parents;
+
+	/*
+	 * If this commit has no parents, ignore it
+	 */
+	if (!parents)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the first parent is interesting, return it
+	 */
+	if (graph_is_interesting(graph, parents->item))
+		return parents;
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise, call next_interesting_parent() to get
+	 * the next interesting parent
+	 */
+	return next_interesting_parent(graph, parents);
+}
+
+static unsigned short graph_get_current_column_color(const struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&graph->revs->diffopt, COLOR_DIFF))
+		return COLUMN_COLORS_MAX;
+	return graph->default_column_color;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the graph's default column color.
+ */
+static void graph_increment_column_color(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	graph->default_column_color = (graph->default_column_color + 1) %
+		COLUMN_COLORS_MAX;
+}
+
+static unsigned short graph_find_commit_color(const struct git_graph *graph,
+					      const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		if (graph->columns[i].commit == commit)
+			return graph->columns[i].color;
+	}
+	return graph_get_current_column_color(graph);
+}
+
+static void graph_insert_into_new_columns(struct git_graph *graph,
+					  struct commit *commit,
+					  int *mapping_index)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the commit is already in the new_columns list, we don't need to
+	 * add it.  Just update the mapping correctly.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_new_columns; i++) {
+		if (graph->new_columns[i].commit == commit) {
+			graph->mapping[*mapping_index] = i;
+			*mapping_index += 2;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This commit isn't already in new_columns.  Add it.
+	 */
+	graph->new_columns[graph->num_new_columns].commit = commit;
+	graph->new_columns[graph->num_new_columns].color = graph_find_commit_color(graph, commit);
+	graph->mapping[*mapping_index] = graph->num_new_columns;
+	*mapping_index += 2;
+	graph->num_new_columns++;
+}
+
+static void graph_update_width(struct git_graph *graph,
+			       int is_commit_in_existing_columns)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Compute the width needed to display the graph for this commit.
+	 * This is the maximum width needed for any row.  All other rows
+	 * will be padded to this width.
+	 *
+	 * Compute the number of columns in the widest row:
+	 * Count each existing column (graph->num_columns), and each new
+	 * column added by this commit.
+	 */
+	int max_cols = graph->num_columns + graph->num_parents;
+
+	/*
+	 * Even if the current commit has no parents to be printed, it
+	 * still takes up a column for itself.
+	 */
+	if (graph->num_parents < 1)
+		max_cols++;
+
+	/*
+	 * We added a column for the the current commit as part of
+	 * graph->num_parents.  If the current commit was already in
+	 * graph->columns, then we have double counted it.
+	 */
+	if (is_commit_in_existing_columns)
+		max_cols--;
+
+	/*
+	 * Each column takes up 2 spaces
+	 */
+	graph->width = max_cols * 2;
+}
+
+static void graph_update_columns(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+	struct column *tmp_columns;
+	int max_new_columns;
+	int mapping_idx;
+	int i, seen_this, is_commit_in_columns;
+
+	/*
+	 * Swap graph->columns with graph->new_columns
+	 * graph->columns contains the state for the previous commit,
+	 * and new_columns now contains the state for our commit.
+	 *
+	 * We'll re-use the old columns array as storage to compute the new
+	 * columns list for the commit after this one.
+	 */
+	tmp_columns = graph->columns;
+	graph->columns = graph->new_columns;
+	graph->num_columns = graph->num_new_columns;
+
+	graph->new_columns = tmp_columns;
+	graph->num_new_columns = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now update new_columns and mapping with the information for the
+	 * commit after this one.
+	 *
+	 * First, make sure we have enough room.  At most, there will
+	 * be graph->num_columns + graph->num_parents columns for the next
+	 * commit.
+	 */
+	max_new_columns = graph->num_columns + graph->num_parents;
+	graph_ensure_capacity(graph, max_new_columns);
+
+	/*
+	 * Clear out graph->mapping
+	 */
+	graph->mapping_size = 2 * max_new_columns;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->mapping_size; i++)
+		graph->mapping[i] = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Populate graph->new_columns and graph->mapping
+	 *
+	 * Some of the parents of this commit may already be in
+	 * graph->columns.  If so, graph->new_columns should only contain a
+	 * single entry for each such commit.  graph->mapping should
+	 * contain information about where each current branch line is
+	 * supposed to end up after the collapsing is performed.
+	 */
+	seen_this = 0;
+	mapping_idx = 0;
+	is_commit_in_columns = 1;
+	for (i = 0; i <= graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct commit *col_commit;
+		if (i == graph->num_columns) {
+			if (seen_this)
+				break;
+			is_commit_in_columns = 0;
+			col_commit = graph->commit;
+		} else {
+			col_commit = graph->columns[i].commit;
+		}
+
+		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
+			int old_mapping_idx = mapping_idx;
+			seen_this = 1;
+			graph->commit_index = i;
+			for (parent = first_interesting_parent(graph);
+			     parent;
+			     parent = next_interesting_parent(graph, parent)) {
+				/*
+				 * If this is a merge increment the current
+				 * color.
+				 */
+				if (graph->num_parents > 1)
+					graph_increment_column_color(graph);
+				graph_insert_into_new_columns(graph,
+							      parent->item,
+							      &mapping_idx);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * We always need to increment mapping_idx by at
+			 * least 2, even if it has no interesting parents.
+			 * The current commit always takes up at least 2
+			 * spaces.
+			 */
+			if (mapping_idx == old_mapping_idx)
+				mapping_idx += 2;
+		} else {
+			graph_insert_into_new_columns(graph, col_commit,
+						      &mapping_idx);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Shrink mapping_size to be the minimum necessary
+	 */
+	while (graph->mapping_size > 1 &&
+	       graph->mapping[graph->mapping_size - 1] < 0)
+		graph->mapping_size--;
+
+	/*
+	 * Compute graph->width for this commit
+	 */
+	graph_update_width(graph, is_commit_in_columns);
+}
+
+void graph_update(struct git_graph *graph, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	/*
+	 * Set the new commit
+	 */
+	graph->commit = commit;
+
+	/*
+	 * Count how many interesting parents this commit has
+	 */
+	graph->num_parents = 0;
+	for (parent = first_interesting_parent(graph);
+	     parent;
+	     parent = next_interesting_parent(graph, parent))
+	{
+		graph->num_parents++;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Store the old commit_index in prev_commit_index.
+	 * graph_update_columns() will update graph->commit_index for this
+	 * commit.
+	 */
+	graph->prev_commit_index = graph->commit_index;
+
+	/*
+	 * Call graph_update_columns() to update
+	 * columns, new_columns, and mapping.
+	 */
+	graph_update_columns(graph);
+
+	graph->expansion_row = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Update graph->state.
+	 * Note that we don't call graph_update_state() here, since
+	 * we don't want to update graph->prev_state.  No line for
+	 * graph->state was ever printed.
+	 *
+	 * If the previous commit didn't get to the GRAPH_PADDING state,
+	 * it never finished its output.  Goto GRAPH_SKIP, to print out
+	 * a line to indicate that portion of the graph is missing.
+	 *
+	 * If there are 3 or more parents, we may need to print extra rows
+	 * before the commit, to expand the branch lines around it and make
+	 * room for it.  We need to do this only if there is a branch row
+	 * (or more) to the right of this commit.
+	 *
+	 * If there are less than 3 parents, we can immediately print the
+	 * commit line.
+	 */
+	if (graph->state != GRAPH_PADDING)
+		graph->state = GRAPH_SKIP;
+	else if (graph->num_parents >= 3 &&
+		 graph->commit_index < (graph->num_columns - 1))
+		graph->state = GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT;
+	else
+		graph->state = GRAPH_COMMIT;
+}
+
+static int graph_is_mapping_correct(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * The mapping is up to date if each entry is at its target,
+	 * or is 1 greater than its target.
+	 * (If it is 1 greater than the target, '/' will be printed, so it
+	 * will look correct on the next row.)
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->mapping_size; i++) {
+		int target = graph->mapping[i];
+		if (target < 0)
+			continue;
+		if (target == (i / 2))
+			continue;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void graph_pad_horizontally(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb,
+				   int chars_written)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Add additional spaces to the end of the strbuf, so that all
+	 * lines for a particular commit have the same width.
+	 *
+	 * This way, fields printed to the right of the graph will remain
+	 * aligned for the entire commit.
+	 */
+	int extra;
+	if (chars_written >= graph->width)
+		return;
+
+	extra = graph->width - chars_written;
+	strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", (int) extra, "");
+}
+
+static void graph_output_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph,
+				      struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * We could conceivable be called with a NULL commit
+	 * if our caller has a bug, and invokes graph_next_line()
+	 * immediately after graph_init(), without first calling
+	 * graph_update().  Return without outputting anything in this
+	 * case.
+	 */
+	if (!graph->commit)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Output a padding row, that leaves all branch lines unchanged
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_new_columns; i++) {
+		strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[i], '|');
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_new_columns * 2);
+}
+
+static void graph_output_skip_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Output an ellipsis to indicate that a portion
+	 * of the graph is missing.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, "...");
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, 3);
+
+	if (graph->num_parents >= 3 &&
+	    graph->commit_index < (graph->num_columns - 1))
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT);
+	else
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_COMMIT);
+}
+
+static void graph_output_pre_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph,
+					 struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int num_expansion_rows;
+	int i, seen_this;
+	int chars_written;
+
+	/*
+	 * This function formats a row that increases the space around a commit
+	 * with multiple parents, to make room for it.  It should only be
+	 * called when there are 3 or more parents.
+	 *
+	 * We need 2 extra rows for every parent over 2.
+	 */
+	assert(graph->num_parents >= 3);
+	num_expansion_rows = (graph->num_parents - 2) * 2;
+
+	/*
+	 * graph->expansion_row tracks the current expansion row we are on.
+	 * It should be in the range [0, num_expansion_rows - 1]
+	 */
+	assert(0 <= graph->expansion_row &&
+	       graph->expansion_row < num_expansion_rows);
+
+	/*
+	 * Output the row
+	 */
+	seen_this = 0;
+	chars_written = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+		if (col->commit == graph->commit) {
+			seen_this = 1;
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", graph->expansion_row, "");
+			chars_written += 1 + graph->expansion_row;
+		} else if (seen_this && (graph->expansion_row == 0)) {
+			/*
+			 * This is the first line of the pre-commit output.
+			 * If the previous commit was a merge commit and
+			 * ended in the GRAPH_POST_MERGE state, all branch
+			 * lines after graph->prev_commit_index were
+			 * printed as "\" on the previous line.  Continue
+			 * to print them as "\" on this line.  Otherwise,
+			 * print the branch lines as "|".
+			 */
+			if (graph->prev_state == GRAPH_POST_MERGE &&
+			    graph->prev_commit_index < i)
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			else
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+		} else if (seen_this && (graph->expansion_row > 0)) {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			chars_written++;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		chars_written++;
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
+
+	/*
+	 * Increment graph->expansion_row,
+	 * and move to state GRAPH_COMMIT if necessary
+	 */
+	graph->expansion_row++;
+	if (graph->expansion_row >= num_expansion_rows)
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_COMMIT);
+}
+
+static void graph_output_commit_char(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	/*
+	 * For boundary commits, print 'o'
+	 * (We should only see boundary commits when revs->boundary is set.)
+	 */
+	if (graph->commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY) {
+		assert(graph->revs->boundary);
+		strbuf_addch(sb, 'o');
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If revs->left_right is set, print '<' for commits that
+	 * come from the left side, and '>' for commits from the right
+	 * side.
+	 */
+	if (graph->revs && graph->revs->left_right) {
+		if (graph->commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '<');
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '>');
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Print '*' in all other cases
+	 */
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '*');
+}
+
+/*
+ * Draw an octopus merge and return the number of characters written.
+ */
+static int graph_draw_octopus_merge(struct git_graph *graph,
+				    struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Here dashless_commits represents the number of parents
+	 * which don't need to have dashes (because their edges fit
+	 * neatly under the commit).
+	 */
+	const int dashless_commits = 2;
+	int col_num, i;
+	int num_dashes =
+		((graph->num_parents - dashless_commits) * 2) - 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < num_dashes; i++) {
+		col_num = (i / 2) + dashless_commits;
+		strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[col_num], '-');
+	}
+	col_num = (i / 2) + dashless_commits;
+	strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[col_num], '.');
+	return num_dashes + 1;
+}
+
+static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int seen_this = 0;
+	int i, chars_written;
+
+	/*
+	 * Output the row containing this commit
+	 * Iterate up to and including graph->num_columns,
+	 * since the current commit may not be in any of the existing
+	 * columns.  (This happens when the current commit doesn't have any
+	 * children that we have already processed.)
+	 */
+	seen_this = 0;
+	chars_written = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i <= graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+		struct commit *col_commit;
+		if (i == graph->num_columns) {
+			if (seen_this)
+				break;
+			col_commit = graph->commit;
+		} else {
+			col_commit = graph->columns[i].commit;
+		}
+
+		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
+			seen_this = 1;
+			graph_output_commit_char(graph, sb);
+			chars_written++;
+
+			if (graph->num_parents > 2)
+				chars_written += graph_draw_octopus_merge(graph,
+									  sb);
+		} else if (seen_this && (graph->num_parents > 2)) {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			chars_written++;
+		} else if (seen_this && (graph->num_parents == 2)) {
+			/*
+			 * This is a 2-way merge commit.
+			 * There is no GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT stage for 2-way
+			 * merges, so this is the first line of output
+			 * for this commit.  Check to see what the previous
+			 * line of output was.
+			 *
+			 * If it was GRAPH_POST_MERGE, the branch line
+			 * coming into this commit may have been '\',
+			 * and not '|' or '/'.  If so, output the branch
+			 * line as '\' on this line, instead of '|'.  This
+			 * makes the output look nicer.
+			 */
+			if (graph->prev_state == GRAPH_POST_MERGE &&
+			    graph->prev_commit_index < i)
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			else
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		chars_written++;
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
+
+	/*
+	 * Update graph->state
+	 */
+	if (graph->num_parents > 1)
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_POST_MERGE);
+	else if (graph_is_mapping_correct(graph))
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PADDING);
+	else
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_COLLAPSING);
+}
+
+static struct column *find_new_column_by_commit(struct git_graph *graph,
+						struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_new_columns; i++) {
+		if (graph->new_columns[i].commit == commit)
+			return &graph->new_columns[i];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void graph_output_post_merge_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int seen_this = 0;
+	int i, j, chars_written;
+
+	/*
+	 * Output the post-merge row
+	 */
+	chars_written = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i <= graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+		struct commit *col_commit;
+		if (i == graph->num_columns) {
+			if (seen_this)
+				break;
+			col_commit = graph->commit;
+		} else {
+			col_commit = col->commit;
+		}
+
+		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
+			/*
+			 * Since the current commit is a merge find
+			 * the columns for the parent commits in
+			 * new_columns and use those to format the
+			 * edges.
+			 */
+			struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+			struct column *par_column;
+			seen_this = 1;
+			parents = first_interesting_parent(graph);
+			assert(parents);
+			par_column = find_new_column_by_commit(graph, parents->item);
+			assert(par_column);
+
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, par_column, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+			for (j = 0; j < graph->num_parents - 1; j++) {
+				parents = next_interesting_parent(graph, parents);
+				assert(parents);
+				par_column = find_new_column_by_commit(graph, parents->item);
+				assert(par_column);
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, par_column, '\\');
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			}
+			chars_written += j * 2;
+		} else if (seen_this) {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			chars_written += 2;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			chars_written += 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
+
+	/*
+	 * Update graph->state
+	 */
+	if (graph_is_mapping_correct(graph))
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PADDING);
+	else
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_COLLAPSING);
+}
+
+static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	int *tmp_mapping;
+	short used_horizontal = 0;
+	int horizontal_edge = -1;
+	int horizontal_edge_target = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Clear out the new_mapping array
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->mapping_size; i++)
+		graph->new_mapping[i] = -1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->mapping_size; i++) {
+		int target = graph->mapping[i];
+		if (target < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Since update_columns() always inserts the leftmost
+		 * column first, each branch's target location should
+		 * always be either its current location or to the left of
+		 * its current location.
+		 *
+		 * We never have to move branches to the right.  This makes
+		 * the graph much more legible, since whenever branches
+		 * cross, only one is moving directions.
+		 */
+		assert(target * 2 <= i);
+
+		if (target * 2 == i) {
+			/*
+			 * This column is already in the
+			 * correct place
+			 */
+			assert(graph->new_mapping[i] == -1);
+			graph->new_mapping[i] = target;
+		} else if (graph->new_mapping[i - 1] < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Nothing is to the left.
+			 * Move to the left by one
+			 */
+			graph->new_mapping[i - 1] = target;
+			/*
+			 * If there isn't already an edge moving horizontally
+			 * select this one.
+			 */
+			if (horizontal_edge == -1) {
+				int j;
+				horizontal_edge = i;
+				horizontal_edge_target = target;
+				/*
+				 * The variable target is the index of the graph
+				 * column, and therefore target*2+3 is the
+				 * actual screen column of the first horizontal
+				 * line.
+				 */
+				for (j = (target * 2)+3; j < (i - 2); j += 2)
+					graph->new_mapping[j] = target;
+			}
+		} else if (graph->new_mapping[i - 1] == target) {
+			/*
+			 * There is a branch line to our left
+			 * already, and it is our target.  We
+			 * combine with this line, since we share
+			 * the same parent commit.
+			 *
+			 * We don't have to add anything to the
+			 * output or new_mapping, since the
+			 * existing branch line has already taken
+			 * care of it.
+			 */
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * There is a branch line to our left,
+			 * but it isn't our target.  We need to
+			 * cross over it.
+			 *
+			 * The space just to the left of this
+			 * branch should always be empty.
+			 *
+			 * The branch to the left of that space
+			 * should be our eventual target.
+			 */
+			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 1] > target);
+			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 2] < 0);
+			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 3] == target);
+			graph->new_mapping[i - 2] = target;
+			/*
+			 * Mark this branch as the horizontal edge to
+			 * prevent any other edges from moving
+			 * horizontally.
+			 */
+			if (horizontal_edge == -1)
+				horizontal_edge = i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The new mapping may be 1 smaller than the old mapping
+	 */
+	if (graph->new_mapping[graph->mapping_size - 1] < 0)
+		graph->mapping_size--;
+
+	/*
+	 * Output out a line based on the new mapping info
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->mapping_size; i++) {
+		int target = graph->new_mapping[i];
+		if (target < 0)
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		else if (target * 2 == i)
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '|');
+		else if (target == horizontal_edge_target &&
+			 i != horizontal_edge - 1) {
+				/*
+				 * Set the mappings for all but the
+				 * first segment to -1 so that they
+				 * won't continue into the next line.
+				 */
+				if (i != (target * 2)+3)
+					graph->new_mapping[i] = -1;
+				used_horizontal = 1;
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '_');
+		} else {
+			if (used_horizontal && i < horizontal_edge)
+				graph->new_mapping[i] = -1;
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '/');
+
+		}
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->mapping_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Swap mapping and new_mapping
+	 */
+	tmp_mapping = graph->mapping;
+	graph->mapping = graph->new_mapping;
+	graph->new_mapping = tmp_mapping;
+
+	/*
+	 * If graph->mapping indicates that all of the branch lines
+	 * are already in the correct positions, we are done.
+	 * Otherwise, we need to collapse some branch lines together.
+	 */
+	if (graph_is_mapping_correct(graph))
+		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PADDING);
+}
+
+static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	switch (graph->state) {
+	case GRAPH_PADDING:
+		graph_output_padding_line(graph, sb);
+		return 0;
+	case GRAPH_SKIP:
+		graph_output_skip_line(graph, sb);
+		return 0;
+	case GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT:
+		graph_output_pre_commit_line(graph, sb);
+		return 0;
+	case GRAPH_COMMIT:
+		graph_output_commit_line(graph, sb);
+		return 1;
+	case GRAPH_POST_MERGE:
+		graph_output_post_merge_line(graph, sb);
+		return 0;
+	case GRAPH_COLLAPSING:
+		graph_output_collapsing_line(graph, sb);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	assert(0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int i, j;
+
+	if (graph->state != GRAPH_COMMIT) {
+		graph_next_line(graph, sb);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Output the row containing this commit
+	 * Iterate up to and including graph->num_columns,
+	 * since the current commit may not be in any of the existing
+	 * columns.  (This happens when the current commit doesn't have any
+	 * children that we have already processed.)
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+		struct commit *col_commit = col->commit;
+		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+
+			if (graph->num_parents < 3)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			else {
+				int num_spaces = ((graph->num_parents - 2) * 2);
+				for (j = 0; j < num_spaces; j++)
+					strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			}
+		} else {
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		}
+	}
+
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_columns);
+
+	/*
+	 * Update graph->prev_state since we have output a padding line
+	 */
+	graph->prev_state = GRAPH_PADDING;
+}
+
+int graph_is_commit_finished(struct git_graph const *graph)
+{
+	return (graph->state == GRAPH_PADDING);
+}
+
+void graph_show_commit(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int shown_commit_line = 0;
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return;
+
+	while (!shown_commit_line) {
+		shown_commit_line = graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
+		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+		if (!shown_commit_line)
+			putchar('\n');
+		strbuf_setlen(&msgbuf, 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
+}
+
+void graph_show_oneline(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return;
+
+	graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
+	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
+}
+
+void graph_show_padding(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return;
+
+	graph_padding_line(graph, &msgbuf);
+	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
+}
+
+int graph_show_remainder(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int shown = 0;
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (graph_is_commit_finished(graph))
+		return 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
+		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+		strbuf_setlen(&msgbuf, 0);
+		shown = 1;
+
+		if (!graph_is_commit_finished(graph))
+			putchar('\n');
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
+
+	return shown;
+}
+
+
+static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb)
+{
+	char *p;
+
+	if (!graph) {
+		fwrite(sb->buf, sizeof(char), sb->len, stdout);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Print the strbuf line by line,
+	 * and display the graph info before each line but the first.
+	 */
+	p = sb->buf;
+	while (p) {
+		size_t len;
+		char *next_p = strchr(p, '\n');
+		if (next_p) {
+			next_p++;
+			len = next_p - p;
+		} else {
+			len = (sb->buf + sb->len) - p;
+		}
+		fwrite(p, sizeof(char), len, stdout);
+		if (next_p && *next_p != '\0')
+			graph_show_oneline(graph);
+		p = next_p;
+	}
+}
+
+void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph,
+			   struct strbuf const *sb)
+{
+	int newline_terminated;
+
+	if (!graph) {
+		/*
+		 * If there's no graph, just print the message buffer.
+		 *
+		 * The message buffer for CMIT_FMT_ONELINE and
+		 * CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT are already missing a terminating
+		 * newline.  All of the other formats should have it.
+		 */
+		fwrite(sb->buf, sizeof(char), sb->len, stdout);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	newline_terminated = (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\n');
+
+	/*
+	 * Show the commit message
+	 */
+	graph_show_strbuf(graph, sb);
+
+	/*
+	 * If there is more output needed for this commit, show it now
+	 */
+	if (!graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
+		/*
+		 * If sb doesn't have a terminating newline, print one now,
+		 * so we can start the remainder of the graph output on a
+		 * new line.
+		 */
+		if (!newline_terminated)
+			putchar('\n');
+
+		graph_show_remainder(graph);
+
+		/*
+		 * If sb ends with a newline, our output should too.
+		 */
+		if (newline_terminated)
+			putchar('\n');
+	}
+}
diff --git a/graph.h b/graph.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc30d687c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graph.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#ifndef GRAPH_H
+#define GRAPH_H
+
+/* A graph is a pointer to this opaque structure */
+struct git_graph;
+
+/*
+ * Create a new struct git_graph.
+ * The graph should be freed with graph_release() when no longer needed.
+ */
+struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt);
+
+/*
+ * Update a git_graph with a new commit.
+ * This will cause the graph to begin outputting lines for the new commit
+ * the next time graph_next_line() is called.
+ *
+ * If graph_update() is called before graph_is_commit_finished() returns 1,
+ * the next call to graph_next_line() will output an ellipsis ("...")
+ * to indicate that a portion of the graph is missing.
+ */
+void graph_update(struct git_graph *graph, struct commit *commit);
+
+/*
+ * Determine if a graph has finished outputting lines for the current
+ * commit.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if graph_next_line() needs to be called again before
+ * graph_update() should be called.  Returns 0 if no more lines are needed
+ * for this commit.  If 0 is returned, graph_next_line() may still be
+ * called without calling graph_update(), and it will merely output
+ * appropriate "vertical padding" in the graph.
+ */
+int graph_is_commit_finished(struct git_graph const *graph);
+
+
+/*
+ * graph_show_*: helper functions for printing to stdout
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * If the graph is non-NULL, print the history graph to stdout,
+ * up to and including the line containing this commit.
+ * Does not print a terminating newline on the last line.
+ */
+void graph_show_commit(struct git_graph *graph);
+
+/*
+ * If the graph is non-NULL, print one line of the history graph to stdout.
+ * Does not print a terminating newline on the last line.
+ */
+void graph_show_oneline(struct git_graph *graph);
+
+/*
+ * If the graph is non-NULL, print one line of vertical graph padding to
+ * stdout.  Does not print a terminating newline on the last line.
+ */
+void graph_show_padding(struct git_graph *graph);
+
+/*
+ * If the graph is non-NULL, print the rest of the history graph for this
+ * commit to stdout.  Does not print a terminating newline on the last line.
+ */
+int graph_show_remainder(struct git_graph *graph);
+
+/*
+ * Print a commit message strbuf and the remainder of the graph to stdout.
+ *
+ * This is similar to graph_show_strbuf(), but it always prints the
+ * remainder of the graph.
+ *
+ * If the strbuf ends with a newline, the output printed by
+ * graph_show_commit_msg() will end with a newline.  If the strbuf is
+ * missing a terminating newline (including if it is empty), the output
+ * printed by graph_show_commit_msg() will also be missing a terminating
+ * newline.
+ */
+void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb);
+
+#endif /* GRAPH_H */
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index fcc6762302..5d162dae6e 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -1,5 +1,20 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "grep.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+
+void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_header_field field, const char *pat)
+{
+	struct grep_pat *p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p));
+	p->pattern = pat;
+	p->origin = "header";
+	p->no = 0;
+	p->token = GREP_PATTERN_HEAD;
+	p->field = field;
+	*opt->pattern_tail = p;
+	opt->pattern_tail = &p->next;
+	p->next = NULL;
+}
 
 void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat,
 			 const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t)
@@ -14,9 +29,27 @@ void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat,
 	p->next = NULL;
 }
 
+static int is_fixed(const char *s)
+{
+	while (*s && !is_regex_special(*s))
+		s++;
+	return !*s;
+}
+
 static void compile_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
-	int err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, opt->regflags);
+	int err;
+
+	p->word_regexp = opt->word_regexp;
+
+	if (opt->fixed || is_fixed(p->pattern))
+		p->fixed = 1;
+	if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE)
+		p->fixed = 0;
+	if (p->fixed)
+		return;
+
+	err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, opt->regflags);
 	if (err) {
 		char errbuf[1024];
 		char where[1024];
@@ -40,6 +73,8 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_atom(struct grep_pat **list)
 	struct grep_expr *x;
 
 	p = *list;
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
 	switch (p->token) {
 	case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
 	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
@@ -52,8 +87,6 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_atom(struct grep_pat **list)
 	case GREP_OPEN_PAREN:
 		*list = p->next;
 		x = compile_pattern_or(list);
-		if (!x)
-			return NULL;
 		if (!*list || (*list)->token != GREP_CLOSE_PAREN)
 			die("unmatched parenthesis");
 		*list = (*list)->next;
@@ -69,6 +102,8 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_not(struct grep_pat **list)
 	struct grep_expr *x;
 
 	p = *list;
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
 	switch (p->token) {
 	case GREP_NOT:
 		if (!p->next)
@@ -145,8 +180,7 @@ void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 		case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
 		case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
 		case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
-			if (!opt->fixed)
-				compile_regexp(p, opt);
+			compile_regexp(p, opt);
 			break;
 		default:
 			opt->extended = 1;
@@ -161,7 +195,8 @@ void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 	 * A classic recursive descent parser would do.
 	 */
 	p = opt->pattern_list;
-	opt->pattern_expression = compile_pattern_expr(&p);
+	if (p)
+		opt->pattern_expression = compile_pattern_expr(&p);
 	if (p)
 		die("incomplete pattern expression: %s", p->pattern);
 }
@@ -222,25 +257,9 @@ static int word_char(char ch)
 	return isalnum(ch) || ch == '_';
 }
 
-static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *bol, const char *eol,
-		      const char *name, unsigned lno, char sign)
-{
-	if (opt->pathname)
-		printf("%s%c", name, sign);
-	if (opt->linenum)
-		printf("%d%c", lno, sign);
-	printf("%.*s\n", (int)(eol-bol), bol);
-}
-
-/*
- * NEEDSWORK: share code with diff.c
- */
-#define FIRST_FEW_BYTES 8000
-static int buffer_is_binary(const char *ptr, unsigned long size)
+static void show_name(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name)
 {
-	if (FIRST_FEW_BYTES < size)
-		size = FIRST_FEW_BYTES;
-	return !!memchr(ptr, 0, size);
+	printf("%s%c", name, opt->null_following_name ? '\0' : '\n');
 }
 
 static int fixmatch(const char *pattern, char *line, regmatch_t *match)
@@ -257,29 +276,63 @@ static int fixmatch(const char *pattern, char *line, regmatch_t *match)
 	}
 }
 
-static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol, enum grep_context ctx)
+static int strip_timestamp(char *bol, char **eol_p)
+{
+	char *eol = *eol_p;
+	int ch;
+
+	while (bol < --eol) {
+		if (*eol != '>')
+			continue;
+		*eol_p = ++eol;
+		ch = *eol;
+		*eol = '\0';
+		return ch;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct {
+	const char *field;
+	size_t len;
+} header_field[] = {
+	{ "author ", 7 },
+	{ "committer ", 10 },
+};
+
+static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
+			     enum grep_context ctx,
+			     regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
-	int at_true_bol = 1;
-	regmatch_t pmatch[10];
+	int saved_ch = 0;
+	const char *start = bol;
 
 	if ((p->token != GREP_PATTERN) &&
 	    ((p->token == GREP_PATTERN_HEAD) != (ctx == GREP_CONTEXT_HEAD)))
 		return 0;
 
- again:
-	if (!opt->fixed) {
-		regex_t *exp = &p->regexp;
-		hit = !regexec(exp, bol, ARRAY_SIZE(pmatch),
-			       pmatch, 0);
+	if (p->token == GREP_PATTERN_HEAD) {
+		const char *field;
+		size_t len;
+		assert(p->field < ARRAY_SIZE(header_field));
+		field = header_field[p->field].field;
+		len = header_field[p->field].len;
+		if (strncmp(bol, field, len))
+			return 0;
+		bol += len;
+		saved_ch = strip_timestamp(bol, &eol);
 	}
-	else {
+
+ again:
+	if (p->fixed)
 		hit = !fixmatch(p->pattern, bol, pmatch);
-	}
+	else
+		hit = !regexec(&p->regexp, bol, 1, pmatch, eflags);
 
-	if (hit && opt->word_regexp) {
+	if (hit && p->word_regexp) {
 		if ((pmatch[0].rm_so < 0) ||
-		    (eol - bol) <= pmatch[0].rm_so ||
+		    (eol - bol) < pmatch[0].rm_so ||
 		    (pmatch[0].rm_eo < 0) ||
 		    (eol - bol) < pmatch[0].rm_eo)
 			die("regexp returned nonsense");
@@ -290,7 +343,7 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol
 		 * either end of the line, or at word boundary
 		 * (i.e. the next char must not be a word char).
 		 */
-		if ( ((pmatch[0].rm_so == 0 && at_true_bol) ||
+		if ( ((pmatch[0].rm_so == 0) ||
 		      !word_char(bol[pmatch[0].rm_so-1])) &&
 		     ((pmatch[0].rm_eo == (eol-bol)) ||
 		      !word_char(bol[pmatch[0].rm_eo])) )
@@ -298,55 +351,66 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol
 		else
 			hit = 0;
 
+		/* Words consist of at least one character. */
+		if (pmatch->rm_so == pmatch->rm_eo)
+			hit = 0;
+
 		if (!hit && pmatch[0].rm_so + bol + 1 < eol) {
 			/* There could be more than one match on the
 			 * line, and the first match might not be
 			 * strict word match.  But later ones could be!
+			 * Forward to the next possible start, i.e. the
+			 * next position following a non-word char.
 			 */
 			bol = pmatch[0].rm_so + bol + 1;
-			at_true_bol = 0;
-			goto again;
+			while (word_char(bol[-1]) && bol < eol)
+				bol++;
+			eflags |= REG_NOTBOL;
+			if (bol < eol)
+				goto again;
 		}
 	}
+	if (p->token == GREP_PATTERN_HEAD && saved_ch)
+		*eol = saved_ch;
+	if (hit) {
+		pmatch[0].rm_so += bol - start;
+		pmatch[0].rm_eo += bol - start;
+	}
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_opt *o,
-			   struct grep_expr *x,
-			   char *bol, char *eol,
-			   enum grep_context ctx,
-			   int collect_hits)
+static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_expr *x, char *bol, char *eol,
+			   enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	int h = 0;
+	regmatch_t match;
 
+	if (!x)
+		die("Not a valid grep expression");
 	switch (x->node) {
 	case GREP_NODE_ATOM:
-		h = match_one_pattern(o, x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx);
+		h = match_one_pattern(x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_NOT:
-		h = !match_expr_eval(o, x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		h = !match_expr_eval(x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_AND:
-		if (!collect_hits)
-			return (match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0) &&
-				match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0));
-		h = match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
-		h &= match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		if (!match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0))
+			return 0;
+		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_OR:
 		if (!collect_hits)
-			return (match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left,
+			return (match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left,
 						bol, eol, ctx, 0) ||
-				match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right,
+				match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right,
 						bol, eol, ctx, 0));
-		h = match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		x->u.binary.left->hit |= h;
-		h |= match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 1);
+		h |= match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 1);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("Unexpected node type (internal error) %d\n", x->node);
+		die("Unexpected node type (internal error) %d", x->node);
 	}
 	if (collect_hits)
 		x->hit |= h;
@@ -357,40 +421,206 @@ static int match_expr(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_expr *x = opt->pattern_expression;
-	return match_expr_eval(opt, x, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
+	return match_expr_eval(x, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
 }
 
 static int match_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_pat *p;
+	regmatch_t match;
+
 	if (opt->extended)
 		return match_expr(opt, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
 
 	/* we do not call with collect_hits without being extended */
 	for (p = opt->pattern_list; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (match_one_pattern(opt, p, bol, eol, ctx))
+		if (match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_next_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
+			      enum grep_context ctx,
+			      regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
+{
+	regmatch_t match;
+
+	if (!match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &match, eflags))
+		return 0;
+	if (match.rm_so < 0 || match.rm_eo < 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (pmatch->rm_so >= 0 && pmatch->rm_eo >= 0) {
+		if (match.rm_so > pmatch->rm_so)
+			return 1;
+		if (match.rm_so == pmatch->rm_so && match.rm_eo < pmatch->rm_eo)
 			return 1;
 	}
+	pmatch->rm_so = match.rm_so;
+	pmatch->rm_eo = match.rm_eo;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int next_match(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
+		      enum grep_context ctx, regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
+{
+	struct grep_pat *p;
+	int hit = 0;
+
+	pmatch->rm_so = pmatch->rm_eo = -1;
+	if (bol < eol) {
+		for (p = opt->pattern_list; p; p = p->next) {
+			switch (p->token) {
+			case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
+			case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
+			case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
+				hit |= match_next_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx,
+							  pmatch, eflags);
+				break;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return hit;
+}
+
+static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
+		      const char *name, unsigned lno, char sign)
+{
+	int rest = eol - bol;
+
+	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context) {
+		if (opt->last_shown == 0) {
+			if (opt->show_hunk_mark)
+				fputs("--\n", stdout);
+			else
+				opt->show_hunk_mark = 1;
+		} else if (lno > opt->last_shown + 1)
+			fputs("--\n", stdout);
+	}
+	opt->last_shown = lno;
+
+	if (opt->null_following_name)
+		sign = '\0';
+	if (opt->pathname)
+		printf("%s%c", name, sign);
+	if (opt->linenum)
+		printf("%d%c", lno, sign);
+	if (opt->color) {
+		regmatch_t match;
+		enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_BODY;
+		int ch = *eol;
+		int eflags = 0;
+
+		*eol = '\0';
+		while (next_match(opt, bol, eol, ctx, &match, eflags)) {
+			if (match.rm_so == match.rm_eo)
+				break;
+			printf("%.*s%s%.*s%s",
+			       (int)match.rm_so, bol,
+			       opt->color_match,
+			       (int)(match.rm_eo - match.rm_so), bol + match.rm_so,
+			       GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+			bol += match.rm_eo;
+			rest -= match.rm_eo;
+			eflags = REG_NOTBOL;
+		}
+		*eol = ch;
+	}
+	printf("%.*s\n", rest, bol);
+}
+
+static int match_funcname(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol)
+{
+	xdemitconf_t *xecfg = opt->priv;
+	if (xecfg && xecfg->find_func) {
+		char buf[1];
+		return xecfg->find_func(bol, eol - bol, buf, 1,
+					xecfg->find_func_priv) >= 0;
+	}
+
+	if (bol == eol)
+		return 0;
+	if (isalpha(*bol) || *bol == '_' || *bol == '$')
+		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void show_funcname_line(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
+			       char *buf, char *bol, unsigned lno)
+{
+	while (bol > buf) {
+		char *eol = --bol;
+
+		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+			bol--;
+		lno--;
+
+		if (lno <= opt->last_shown)
+			break;
+
+		if (match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '=');
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf,
+			     char *bol, unsigned lno)
+{
+	unsigned cur = lno, from = 1, funcname_lno = 0;
+	int funcname_needed = opt->funcname;
+
+	if (opt->pre_context < lno)
+		from = lno - opt->pre_context;
+	if (from <= opt->last_shown)
+		from = opt->last_shown + 1;
+
+	/* Rewind. */
+	while (bol > buf && cur > from) {
+		char *eol = --bol;
+
+		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+			bol--;
+		cur--;
+		if (funcname_needed && match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
+			funcname_lno = cur;
+			funcname_needed = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* We need to look even further back to find a function signature. */
+	if (opt->funcname && funcname_needed)
+		show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, cur);
+
+	/* Back forward. */
+	while (cur < lno) {
+		char *eol = bol, sign = (cur == funcname_lno) ? '=' : '-';
+
+		while (*eol != '\n')
+			eol++;
+		show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, cur, sign);
+		bol = eol + 1;
+		cur++;
+	}
+}
+
 static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 			 char *buf, unsigned long size, int collect_hits)
 {
 	char *bol = buf;
 	unsigned long left = size;
 	unsigned lno = 1;
-	struct pre_context_line {
-		char *bol;
-		char *eol;
-	} *prev = NULL, *pcl;
 	unsigned last_hit = 0;
-	unsigned last_shown = 0;
 	int binary_match_only = 0;
-	const char *hunk_mark = "";
 	unsigned count = 0;
 	enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_HEAD;
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
+
+	opt->last_shown = 0;
 
 	if (buffer_is_binary(buf, size)) {
 		switch (opt->binary) {
@@ -405,10 +635,16 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (opt->pre_context)
-		prev = xcalloc(opt->pre_context, sizeof(*prev));
-	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context)
-		hunk_mark = "--\n";
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	if (opt->funcname && !opt->unmatch_name_only && !opt->status_only &&
+	    !opt->name_only && !binary_match_only && !collect_hits) {
+		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(name);
+		if (drv && drv->funcname.pattern) {
+			const struct userdiff_funcname *pe = &drv->funcname;
+			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
+			opt->priv = &xecfg;
+		}
+	}
 
 	while (left) {
 		char *eol, ch;
@@ -447,7 +683,7 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 				return 1;
 			}
 			if (opt->name_only) {
-				printf("%s\n", name);
+				show_name(opt, name);
 				return 1;
 			}
 			/* Hit at this line.  If we haven't shown the
@@ -456,45 +692,20 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 			 * the context which is nonsense, but the user
 			 * deserves to get that ;-).
 			 */
-			if (opt->pre_context) {
-				unsigned from;
-				if (opt->pre_context < lno)
-					from = lno - opt->pre_context;
-				else
-					from = 1;
-				if (from <= last_shown)
-					from = last_shown + 1;
-				if (last_shown && from != last_shown + 1)
-					printf(hunk_mark);
-				while (from < lno) {
-					pcl = &prev[lno-from-1];
-					show_line(opt, pcl->bol, pcl->eol,
-						  name, from, '-');
-					from++;
-				}
-				last_shown = lno-1;
-			}
-			if (last_shown && lno != last_shown + 1)
-				printf(hunk_mark);
+			if (opt->pre_context)
+				show_pre_context(opt, name, buf, bol, lno);
+			else if (opt->funcname)
+				show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, lno);
 			if (!opt->count)
 				show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, ':');
-			last_shown = last_hit = lno;
+			last_hit = lno;
 		}
 		else if (last_hit &&
 			 lno <= last_hit + opt->post_context) {
 			/* If the last hit is within the post context,
 			 * we need to show this line.
 			 */
-			if (last_shown && lno != last_shown + 1)
-				printf(hunk_mark);
 			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '-');
-			last_shown = lno;
-		}
-		if (opt->pre_context) {
-			memmove(prev+1, prev,
-				(opt->pre_context-1) * sizeof(*prev));
-			prev->bol = bol;
-			prev->eol = eol;
 		}
 
 	next_line:
@@ -505,7 +716,6 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		lno++;
 	}
 
-	free(prev);
 	if (collect_hits)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -513,17 +723,21 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		return 0;
 	if (opt->unmatch_name_only) {
 		/* We did not see any hit, so we want to show this */
-		printf("%s\n", name);
+		show_name(opt, name);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
+	xdiff_clear_find_func(&xecfg);
+	opt->priv = NULL;
+
 	/* NEEDSWORK:
 	 * The real "grep -c foo *.c" gives many "bar.c:0" lines,
 	 * which feels mostly useless but sometimes useful.  Maybe
 	 * make it another option?  For now suppress them.
 	 */
 	if (opt->count && count)
-		printf("%s:%u\n", name, count);
+		printf("%s%c%u\n", name,
+		       opt->null_following_name ? '\0' : ':', count);
 	return !!last_hit;
 }
 
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index d252dd25f8..f00db0e402 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef GREP_H
 #define GREP_H
+#include "color.h"
 
 enum grep_pat_token {
 	GREP_PATTERN,
@@ -17,13 +18,21 @@ enum grep_context {
 	GREP_CONTEXT_BODY,
 };
 
+enum grep_header_field {
+	GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR = 0,
+	GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER,
+};
+
 struct grep_pat {
 	struct grep_pat *next;
 	const char *origin;
 	int no;
 	enum grep_pat_token token;
 	const char *pattern;
+	enum grep_header_field field;
 	regex_t regexp;
+	unsigned fixed:1;
+	unsigned word_regexp:1;
 };
 
 enum grep_expr_node {
@@ -52,28 +61,37 @@ struct grep_opt {
 	struct grep_expr *pattern_expression;
 	int prefix_length;
 	regex_t regexp;
-	unsigned linenum:1;
-	unsigned invert:1;
-	unsigned status_only:1;
-	unsigned name_only:1;
-	unsigned unmatch_name_only:1;
-	unsigned count:1;
-	unsigned word_regexp:1;
-	unsigned fixed:1;
-	unsigned all_match:1;
+	int linenum;
+	int invert;
+	int status_only;
+	int name_only;
+	int unmatch_name_only;
+	int count;
+	int word_regexp;
+	int fixed;
+	int all_match;
 #define GREP_BINARY_DEFAULT	0
 #define GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH	1
 #define GREP_BINARY_TEXT	2
-	unsigned binary:2;
-	unsigned extended:1;
-	unsigned relative:1;
-	unsigned pathname:1;
+	int binary;
+	int extended;
+	int relative;
+	int pathname;
+	int null_following_name;
+	int color;
+	int funcname;
+	char color_match[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	const char *color_external;
 	int regflags;
 	unsigned pre_context;
 	unsigned post_context;
+	unsigned last_shown;
+	int show_hunk_mark;
+	void *priv;
 };
 
 extern void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t);
+extern void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *, enum grep_header_field, const char *);
 extern void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt);
 extern void free_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt);
 extern int grep_buffer(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf, unsigned long size);
diff --git a/hash-object.c b/hash-object.c
index 18f5017f51..9455dd0709 100644
--- a/hash-object.c
+++ b/hash-object.c
@@ -6,76 +6,132 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static void hash_object(const char *path, enum object_type type, int write_object)
+static void hash_fd(int fd, const char *type, int write_object, const char *path)
 {
-	int fd;
 	struct stat st;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0 ||
-	    fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
-	    index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, write_object, type, path))
+	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
+	    index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, write_object, type_from_string(type), path))
 		die(write_object
 		    ? "Unable to add %s to database"
 		    : "Unable to hash %s", path);
 	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "hash to stdout");
 }
 
-static void hash_stdin(const char *type, int write_object)
+static void hash_object(const char *path, const char *type, int write_object,
+			const char *vpath)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (index_pipe(sha1, 0, type, write_object))
-		die("Unable to add stdin to database");
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	int fd;
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("Cannot open '%s'", path);
+	hash_fd(fd, type, write_object, vpath);
+}
+
+static void hash_stdin_paths(const char *type, int write_objects)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		if (buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+				die("line is badly quoted");
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+		}
+		hash_object(buf.buf, type, write_objects, buf.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
 }
 
-static const char hash_object_usage[] =
-"git-hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--stdin] <file>...";
+static const char * const hash_object_usage[] = {
+	"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>...",
+	"git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>",
+	NULL
+};
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static const char *type;
+static int write_object;
+static int hashstdin;
+static int stdin_paths;
+static int no_filters;
+static const char *vpath;
+
+static const struct option hash_object_options[] = {
+	OPT_STRING('t', NULL, &type, "type", "object type"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('w', NULL, &write_object, "write the object into the object database"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin", &hashstdin, "read the object from stdin"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin-paths", &stdin_paths, "read file names from stdin"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "no-filters", &no_filters, "store file as is without filters"),
+	OPT_STRING( 0 , "path", &vpath, "file", "process file as it were from this path"),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
-	const char *type = blob_type;
-	int write_object = 0;
 	const char *prefix = NULL;
 	int prefix_length = -1;
-	int no_more_flags = 0;
-
-	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!no_more_flags && argv[i][0] == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-t")) {
-				if (argc <= ++i)
-					usage(hash_object_usage);
-				type = argv[i];
-			}
-			else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-w")) {
-				if (prefix_length < 0) {
-					prefix = setup_git_directory();
-					prefix_length =
-						prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-				}
-				write_object = 1;
-			}
-			else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
-				no_more_flags = 1;
-			}
-			else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--help"))
-				usage(hash_object_usage);
-			else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--stdin")) {
-				hash_stdin(type, write_object);
-			}
-			else
-				usage(hash_object_usage);
-		}
-		else {
-			const char *arg = argv[i];
-			if (0 <= prefix_length)
-				arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length,
-						      arg);
-			hash_object(arg, type_from_string(type), write_object);
-			no_more_flags = 1;
-		}
+	const char *errstr = NULL;
+
+	type = blob_type;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, hash_object_options,
+			     hash_object_usage, 0);
+
+	if (write_object) {
+		prefix = setup_git_directory();
+		prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+		if (vpath && prefix)
+			vpath = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, vpath);
+	}
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	if (stdin_paths) {
+		if (hashstdin)
+			errstr = "Can't use --stdin-paths with --stdin";
+		else if (argc)
+			errstr = "Can't specify files with --stdin-paths";
+		else if (vpath)
+			errstr = "Can't use --stdin-paths with --path";
+		else if (no_filters)
+			errstr = "Can't use --stdin-paths with --no-filters";
+	}
+	else {
+		if (hashstdin > 1)
+			errstr = "Multiple --stdin arguments are not supported";
+		if (vpath && no_filters)
+			errstr = "Can't use --path with --no-filters";
 	}
+
+	if (errstr) {
+		error("%s", errstr);
+		usage_with_options(hash_object_usage, hash_object_options);
+	}
+
+	if (hashstdin)
+		hash_fd(0, type, write_object, vpath);
+
+	for (i = 0 ; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+
+		if (0 <= prefix_length)
+			arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
+		hash_object(arg, type, write_object,
+			    no_filters ? NULL : vpath ? vpath : arg);
+	}
+
+	if (stdin_paths)
+		hash_stdin_paths(type, write_object);
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/hash.c b/hash.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1cd4c9d5c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hash.c
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Some generic hashing helpers.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+
+/*
+ * Look up a hash entry in the hash table. Return the pointer to
+ * the existing entry, or the empty slot if none existed. The caller
+ * can then look at the (*ptr) to see whether it existed or not.
+ */
+static struct hash_table_entry *lookup_hash_entry(unsigned int hash, const struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	unsigned int size = table->size, nr = hash % size;
+	struct hash_table_entry *array = table->array;
+
+	while (array[nr].ptr) {
+		if (array[nr].hash == hash)
+			break;
+		nr++;
+		if (nr >= size)
+			nr = 0;
+	}
+	return array + nr;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Insert a new hash entry pointer into the table.
+ *
+ * If that hash entry already existed, return the pointer to
+ * the existing entry (and the caller can create a list of the
+ * pointers or do anything else). If it didn't exist, return
+ * NULL (and the caller knows the pointer has been inserted).
+ */
+static void **insert_hash_entry(unsigned int hash, void *ptr, struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	struct hash_table_entry *entry = lookup_hash_entry(hash, table);
+
+	if (!entry->ptr) {
+		entry->ptr = ptr;
+		entry->hash = hash;
+		table->nr++;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return &entry->ptr;
+}
+
+static void grow_hash_table(struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int old_size = table->size, new_size;
+	struct hash_table_entry *old_array = table->array, *new_array;
+
+	new_size = alloc_nr(old_size);
+	new_array = xcalloc(sizeof(struct hash_table_entry), new_size);
+	table->size = new_size;
+	table->array = new_array;
+	table->nr = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
+		unsigned int hash = old_array[i].hash;
+		void *ptr = old_array[i].ptr;
+		if (ptr)
+			insert_hash_entry(hash, ptr, table);
+	}
+	free(old_array);
+}
+
+void *lookup_hash(unsigned int hash, const struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	if (!table->array)
+		return NULL;
+	return lookup_hash_entry(hash, table)->ptr;
+}
+
+void **insert_hash(unsigned int hash, void *ptr, struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	unsigned int nr = table->nr;
+	if (nr >= table->size/2)
+		grow_hash_table(table);
+	return insert_hash_entry(hash, ptr, table);
+}
+
+int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *))
+{
+	int sum = 0;
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int size = table->size;
+	struct hash_table_entry *array = table->array;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+		void *ptr = array->ptr;
+		array++;
+		if (ptr) {
+			int val = fn(ptr);
+			if (val < 0)
+				return val;
+			sum += val;
+		}
+	}
+	return sum;
+}
+
+void free_hash(struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	free(table->array);
+	table->array = NULL;
+	table->size = 0;
+	table->nr = 0;
+}
diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69e33a47b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef HASH_H
+#define HASH_H
+
+/*
+ * These are some simple generic hash table helper functions.
+ * Not necessarily suitable for all users, but good for things
+ * where you want to just keep track of a list of things, and
+ * have a good hash to use on them.
+ *
+ * It keeps the hash table at roughly 50-75% free, so the memory
+ * cost of the hash table itself is roughly
+ *
+ *	3 * 2*sizeof(void *) * nr_of_objects
+ *
+ * bytes.
+ *
+ * FIXME: on 64-bit architectures, we waste memory. It would be
+ * good to have just 32-bit pointers, requiring a special allocator
+ * for hashed entries or something.
+ */
+struct hash_table_entry {
+	unsigned int hash;
+	void *ptr;
+};
+
+struct hash_table {
+	unsigned int size, nr;
+	struct hash_table_entry *array;
+};
+
+extern void *lookup_hash(unsigned int hash, const struct hash_table *table);
+extern void **insert_hash(unsigned int hash, void *ptr, struct hash_table *table);
+extern int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *));
+extern void free_hash(struct hash_table *table);
+
+static inline void init_hash(struct hash_table *table)
+{
+	table->size = 0;
+	table->nr = 0;
+	table->array = NULL;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index 6a9af4d175..6c46d8b494 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * builtin-help.c
- *
- * Builtin help-related commands (help, usage, version)
- */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "common-cmds.h"
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include "levenshtein.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 /* most GUI terminals set COLUMNS (although some don't export it) */
 static int term_columns(void)
@@ -31,30 +26,26 @@ static int term_columns(void)
 	return 80;
 }
 
-static inline void mput_char(char c, unsigned int num)
+void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len)
 {
-	while(num--)
-		putchar(c);
-}
-
-static struct cmdname {
-	size_t len;
-	char name[1];
-} **cmdname;
-static int cmdname_alloc, cmdname_cnt;
+	struct cmdname *ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len + 1);
 
-static void add_cmdname(const char *name, int len)
-{
-	struct cmdname *ent;
-	if (cmdname_alloc <= cmdname_cnt) {
-		cmdname_alloc = cmdname_alloc + 200;
-		cmdname = xrealloc(cmdname, cmdname_alloc * sizeof(*cmdname));
-	}
-	ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len);
 	ent->len = len;
 	memcpy(ent->name, name, len);
 	ent->name[len] = 0;
-	cmdname[cmdname_cnt++] = ent;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(cmds->names, cmds->cnt + 1, cmds->alloc);
+	cmds->names[cmds->cnt++] = ent;
+}
+
+static void clean_cmdnames(struct cmdnames *cmds)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < cmds->cnt; ++i)
+		free(cmds->names[i]);
+	free(cmds->names);
+	cmds->cnt = 0;
+	cmds->alloc = 0;
 }
 
 static int cmdname_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -64,7 +55,43 @@ static int cmdname_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 	return strcmp(a->name, b->name);
 }
 
-static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdname **cmdname, int longest)
+static void uniq(struct cmdnames *cmds)
+{
+	int i, j;
+
+	if (!cmds->cnt)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = j = 1; i < cmds->cnt; i++)
+		if (strcmp(cmds->names[i]->name, cmds->names[i-1]->name))
+			cmds->names[j++] = cmds->names[i];
+
+	cmds->cnt = j;
+}
+
+void exclude_cmds(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *excludes)
+{
+	int ci, cj, ei;
+	int cmp;
+
+	ci = cj = ei = 0;
+	while (ci < cmds->cnt && ei < excludes->cnt) {
+		cmp = strcmp(cmds->names[ci]->name, excludes->names[ei]->name);
+		if (cmp < 0)
+			cmds->names[cj++] = cmds->names[ci++];
+		else if (cmp == 0)
+			ci++, ei++;
+		else if (cmp > 0)
+			ei++;
+	}
+
+	while (ci < cmds->cnt)
+		cmds->names[cj++] = cmds->names[ci++];
+
+	cmds->cnt = cj;
+}
+
+static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, int longest)
 {
 	int cols = 1, rows;
 	int space = longest + 1; /* min 1 SP between words */
@@ -73,9 +100,7 @@ static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdname **cmdname, int longest)
 
 	if (space < max_cols)
 		cols = max_cols / space;
-	rows = (cmdname_cnt + cols - 1) / cols;
-
-	qsort(cmdname, cmdname_cnt, sizeof(*cmdname), cmdname_compare);
+	rows = DIV_ROUND_UP(cmds->cnt, cols);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
 		printf("  ");
@@ -83,141 +108,259 @@ static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdname **cmdname, int longest)
 		for (j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
 			int n = j * rows + i;
 			int size = space;
-			if (n >= cmdname_cnt)
+			if (n >= cmds->cnt)
 				break;
-			if (j == cols-1 || n + rows >= cmdname_cnt)
+			if (j == cols-1 || n + rows >= cmds->cnt)
 				size = 1;
-			printf("%-*s", size, cmdname[n]->name);
+			printf("%-*s", size, cmds->names[n]->name);
 		}
 		putchar('\n');
 	}
 }
 
-static void list_commands(const char *exec_path, const char *pattern)
+static int is_executable(const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned int longest = 0;
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	int dirlen;
-	DIR *dir = opendir(exec_path);
-	struct dirent *de;
-
-	if (!dir) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "git: '%s': %s\n", exec_path, strerror(errno));
-		exit(1);
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (stat(name, &st) || /* stat, not lstat */
+	    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+	/* cannot trust the executable bit, peek into the file instead */
+	char buf[3] = { 0 };
+	int n;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	st.st_mode &= ~S_IXUSR;
+	if (fd >= 0) {
+		n = read(fd, buf, 2);
+		if (n == 2)
+			/* DOS executables start with "MZ" */
+			if (!strcmp(buf, "#!") || !strcmp(buf, "MZ"))
+				st.st_mode |= S_IXUSR;
+		close(fd);
 	}
+#endif
+	return st.st_mode & S_IXUSR;
+}
 
-	dirlen = strlen(exec_path);
-	if (PATH_MAX - 20 < dirlen) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "git: insanely long exec-path '%s'\n",
-			exec_path);
-		exit(1);
-	}
+static void list_commands_in_dir(struct cmdnames *cmds,
+					 const char *path,
+					 const char *prefix)
+{
+	int prefix_len;
+	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
+	struct dirent *de;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return;
+	if (!prefix)
+		prefix = "git-";
+	prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
 
-	memcpy(path, exec_path, dirlen);
-	path[dirlen++] = '/';
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/", path);
+	len = buf.len;
 
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		struct stat st;
 		int entlen;
 
-		if (prefixcmp(de->d_name, "git-"))
+		if (prefixcmp(de->d_name, prefix))
 			continue;
-		strcpy(path+dirlen, de->d_name);
-		if (stat(path, &st) || /* stat, not lstat */
-		    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
-		    !(st.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&buf, len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, de->d_name);
+		if (!is_executable(buf.buf))
 			continue;
 
-		entlen = strlen(de->d_name);
+		entlen = strlen(de->d_name) - prefix_len;
 		if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".exe"))
 			entlen -= 4;
 
-		if (longest < entlen)
-			longest = entlen;
-
-		add_cmdname(de->d_name + 4, entlen-4);
+		add_cmdname(cmds, de->d_name + prefix_len, entlen);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
-
-	printf("git commands available in '%s'\n", exec_path);
-	printf("----------------------------");
-	mput_char('-', strlen(exec_path));
-	putchar('\n');
-	pretty_print_string_list(cmdname, longest - 4);
-	putchar('\n');
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static void list_common_cmds_help(void)
+void load_command_list(const char *prefix,
+		struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
+		struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
 {
-	int i, longest = 0;
+	const char *env_path = getenv("PATH");
+	const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
-			longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
+	if (exec_path) {
+		list_commands_in_dir(main_cmds, exec_path, prefix);
+		qsort(main_cmds->names, main_cmds->cnt,
+		      sizeof(*main_cmds->names), cmdname_compare);
+		uniq(main_cmds);
 	}
 
-	puts("The most commonly used git commands are:");
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
-		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
-		puts(common_cmds[i].help);
+	if (env_path) {
+		char *paths, *path, *colon;
+		path = paths = xstrdup(env_path);
+		while (1) {
+			if ((colon = strchr(path, PATH_SEP)))
+				*colon = 0;
+			if (!exec_path || strcmp(path, exec_path))
+				list_commands_in_dir(other_cmds, path, prefix);
+
+			if (!colon)
+				break;
+			path = colon + 1;
+		}
+		free(paths);
+
+		qsort(other_cmds->names, other_cmds->cnt,
+		      sizeof(*other_cmds->names), cmdname_compare);
+		uniq(other_cmds);
 	}
-	puts("(use 'git help -a' to get a list of all installed git commands)");
+	exclude_cmds(other_cmds, main_cmds);
 }
 
-static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
+void list_commands(const char *title, struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
+		   struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
 {
-	const char *page;
+	int i, longest = 0;
 
-	if (!prefixcmp(git_cmd, "git"))
-		page = git_cmd;
-	else {
-		int page_len = strlen(git_cmd) + 4;
-		char *p = xmalloc(page_len + 1);
-		strcpy(p, "git-");
-		strcpy(p + 4, git_cmd);
-		p[page_len] = 0;
-		page = p;
+	for (i = 0; i < main_cmds->cnt; i++)
+		if (longest < main_cmds->names[i]->len)
+			longest = main_cmds->names[i]->len;
+	for (i = 0; i < other_cmds->cnt; i++)
+		if (longest < other_cmds->names[i]->len)
+			longest = other_cmds->names[i]->len;
+
+	if (main_cmds->cnt) {
+		const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
+		printf("available %s in '%s'\n", title, exec_path);
+		printf("----------------");
+		mput_char('-', strlen(title) + strlen(exec_path));
+		putchar('\n');
+		pretty_print_string_list(main_cmds, longest);
+		putchar('\n');
 	}
 
-	execlp("man", "man", page, NULL);
+	if (other_cmds->cnt) {
+		printf("%s available from elsewhere on your $PATH\n", title);
+		printf("---------------------------------------");
+		mput_char('-', strlen(title));
+		putchar('\n');
+		pretty_print_string_list(other_cmds, longest);
+		putchar('\n');
+	}
 }
 
-void help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
+int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s)
 {
-	printf("git: '%s' is not a git-command\n\n", cmd);
-	list_common_cmds_help();
-	exit(1);
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < c->cnt; i++)
+		if (!strcmp(s, c->names[i]->name))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int autocorrect;
+static struct cmdnames aliases;
+
+static int git_unknown_cmd_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
-	return 0;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "help.autocorrect"))
+		autocorrect = git_config_int(var,value);
+	/* Also use aliases for command lookup */
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "alias."))
+		add_cmdname(&aliases, var + 6, strlen(var + 6));
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int levenshtein_compare(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 {
-	const char *help_cmd = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : NULL;
-	const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
+	const struct cmdname *const *c1 = p1, *const *c2 = p2;
+	const char *s1 = (*c1)->name, *s2 = (*c2)->name;
+	int l1 = (*c1)->len;
+	int l2 = (*c2)->len;
+	return l1 != l2 ? l1 - l2 : strcmp(s1, s2);
+}
 
-	if (!help_cmd) {
-		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
-		list_common_cmds_help();
-		exit(1);
+static void add_cmd_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *old)
+{
+	int i;
+	ALLOC_GROW(cmds->names, cmds->cnt + old->cnt, cmds->alloc);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < old->cnt; i++)
+		cmds->names[cmds->cnt++] = old->names[i];
+	free(old->names);
+	old->cnt = 0;
+	old->names = NULL;
+}
+
+const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
+{
+	int i, n, best_similarity = 0;
+	struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+
+	memset(&main_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
+	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
+	memset(&aliases, 0, sizeof(aliases));
+
+	git_config(git_unknown_cmd_config, NULL);
+
+	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+
+	add_cmd_list(&main_cmds, &aliases);
+	add_cmd_list(&main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
+	      sizeof(main_cmds.names), cmdname_compare);
+	uniq(&main_cmds);
+
+	/* This reuses cmdname->len for similarity index */
+	for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; ++i)
+		main_cmds.names[i]->len =
+			levenshtein(cmd, main_cmds.names[i]->name, 0, 2, 1, 4);
+
+	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
+	      sizeof(*main_cmds.names), levenshtein_compare);
+
+	if (!main_cmds.cnt)
+		die ("Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all.");
+
+	best_similarity = main_cmds.names[0]->len;
+	n = 1;
+	while (n < main_cmds.cnt && best_similarity == main_cmds.names[n]->len)
+		++n;
+	if (autocorrect && n == 1) {
+		const char *assumed = main_cmds.names[0]->name;
+		main_cmds.names[0] = NULL;
+		clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
+		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: You called a Git program named '%s', "
+			"which does not exist.\n"
+			"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'\n",
+			cmd, assumed);
+		if (autocorrect > 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "in %0.1f seconds automatically...\n",
+				(float)autocorrect/10.0);
+			poll(NULL, 0, autocorrect * 100);
+		}
+		return assumed;
 	}
 
-	else if (!strcmp(help_cmd, "--all") || !strcmp(help_cmd, "-a")) {
-		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
-		if(exec_path)
-			list_commands(exec_path, "git-*");
-		exit(1);
+	fprintf(stderr, "git: '%s' is not a git-command. See 'git --help'.\n", cmd);
+
+	if (best_similarity < 6) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "\nDid you mean %s?\n",
+			n < 2 ? "this": "one of these");
+
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+			fprintf(stderr, "\t%s\n", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
 	}
 
-	else
-		show_man_page(help_cmd);
+	exit(1);
+}
 
+int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
 	return 0;
 }
-
-
diff --git a/help.h b/help.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56bc15406f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/help.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef HELP_H
+#define HELP_H
+
+struct cmdnames {
+	int alloc;
+	int cnt;
+	struct cmdname {
+		size_t len; /* also used for similarity index in help.c */
+		char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+	} **names;
+};
+
+static inline void mput_char(char c, unsigned int num)
+{
+	while(num--)
+		putchar(c);
+}
+
+void load_command_list(const char *prefix,
+		struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
+		struct cmdnames *other_cmds);
+void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len);
+/* Here we require that excludes is a sorted list. */
+void exclude_cmds(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *excludes);
+int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s);
+void list_commands(const char *title, struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
+		   struct cmdnames *other_cmds);
+
+#endif /* HELP_H */
diff --git a/http-fetch.c b/http-fetch.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 09baedc18a..0000000000
--- a/http-fetch.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1064 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "pack.h"
-#include "fetch.h"
-#include "http.h"
-
-#define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
-
-static int commits_on_stdin;
-
-static int got_alternates = -1;
-static int corrupt_object_found;
-
-static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
-
-struct alt_base
-{
-	char *base;
-	int got_indices;
-	struct packed_git *packs;
-	struct alt_base *next;
-};
-
-static struct alt_base *alt;
-
-enum object_request_state {
-	WAITING,
-	ABORTED,
-	ACTIVE,
-	COMPLETE,
-};
-
-struct object_request
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct alt_base *repo;
-	char *url;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int local;
-	enum object_request_state state;
-	CURLcode curl_result;
-	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
-	long http_code;
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	SHA_CTX c;
-	z_stream stream;
-	int zret;
-	int rename;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct object_request *next;
-};
-
-struct alternates_request {
-	const char *base;
-	char *url;
-	struct buffer *buffer;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	int http_specific;
-};
-
-static struct object_request *object_queue_head;
-
-static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			       void *data)
-{
-	unsigned char expn[4096];
-	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	int posn = 0;
-	struct object_request *obj_req = (struct object_request *)data;
-	do {
-		ssize_t retval = xwrite(obj_req->local,
-				       (char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
-		if (retval < 0)
-			return posn;
-		posn += retval;
-	} while (posn < size);
-
-	obj_req->stream.avail_in = size;
-	obj_req->stream.next_in = ptr;
-	do {
-		obj_req->stream.next_out = expn;
-		obj_req->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
-		obj_req->zret = inflate(&obj_req->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
-		SHA1_Update(&obj_req->c, expn,
-			    sizeof(expn) - obj_req->stream.avail_out);
-	} while (obj_req->stream.avail_in && obj_req->zret == Z_OK);
-	data_received++;
-	return size;
-}
-
-static int missing__target(int code, int result)
-{
-	return	/* file:// URL -- do we ever use one??? */
-		(result == CURLE_FILE_COULDNT_READ_FILE) ||
-		/* http:// and https:// URL */
-		(code == 404 && result == CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR) ||
-		/* ftp:// URL */
-		(code == 550 && result == CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE)
-		;
-}
-
-#define missing_target(a) missing__target((a)->http_code, (a)->curl_result)
-
-static void fetch_alternates(const char *base);
-
-static void process_object_response(void *callback_data);
-
-static void start_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1);
-	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
-	char *url;
-	char *posn;
-	int prevlocal;
-	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
-	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-
-	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", obj_req->filename);
-	unlink(prevfile);
-	rename(obj_req->tmpfile, prevfile);
-	unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-
-	if (obj_req->local != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in start: %d", obj_req->local);
-	obj_req->local = open(obj_req->tmpfile,
-			      O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	/* This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
-	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
-	 */
-	if (obj_req->local < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-		char *dir = strrchr(obj_req->tmpfile, '/');
-		if (dir) {
-			*dir = 0;
-			mkdir(obj_req->tmpfile, 0777);
-			*dir = '/';
-		}
-		obj_req->local = open(obj_req->tmpfile,
-				      O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	}
-
-	if (obj_req->local < 0) {
-		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
-		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
-		      obj_req->tmpfile, obj_req->filename, strerror(errno));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	memset(&obj_req->stream, 0, sizeof(obj_req->stream));
-
-	inflateInit(&obj_req->stream);
-
-	SHA1_Init(&obj_req->c);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(obj_req->repo->base) + 51);
-	obj_req->url = xmalloc(strlen(obj_req->repo->base) + 51);
-	strcpy(url, obj_req->repo->base);
-	posn = url + strlen(obj_req->repo->base);
-	strcpy(posn, "/objects/");
-	posn += 9;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	strcpy(obj_req->url, url);
-
-	/* If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
-	   fetched. */
-	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
-	if (prevlocal != -1) {
-		do {
-			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
-			if (prev_read>0) {
-				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
-						     1,
-						     prev_read,
-						     obj_req) == prev_read) {
-					prev_posn += prev_read;
-				} else {
-					prev_read = -1;
-				}
-			}
-		} while (prev_read > 0);
-		close(prevlocal);
-	}
-	unlink(prevfile);
-
-	/* Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
-	   file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file. */
-	if (prev_read == -1) {
-		memset(&obj_req->stream, 0, sizeof(obj_req->stream));
-		inflateInit(&obj_req->stream);
-		SHA1_Init(&obj_req->c);
-		if (prev_posn>0) {
-			prev_posn = 0;
-			lseek(obj_req->local, 0, SEEK_SET);
-			ftruncate(obj_req->local, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->callback_func = process_object_response;
-	slot->callback_data = obj_req;
-	obj_req->slot = slot;
-
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, obj_req);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, obj_req->errorstr);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-
-	/* If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
-	   attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have. */
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl,
-				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
-	obj_req->state = ACTIVE;
-	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
-		obj_req->slot = NULL;
-		close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
-		free(obj_req->url);
-		return;
-	}
-}
-
-static void finish_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	fchmod(obj_req->local, 0444);
-	close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
-
-	if (obj_req->http_code == 416) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
-	} else if (obj_req->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		if (stat(obj_req->tmpfile, &st) == 0)
-			if (st.st_size == 0)
-				unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	inflateEnd(&obj_req->stream);
-	SHA1_Final(obj_req->real_sha1, &obj_req->c);
-	if (obj_req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-		unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-		return;
-	}
-	if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, obj_req->real_sha1)) {
-		unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-		return;
-	}
-	obj_req->rename =
-		move_temp_to_file(obj_req->tmpfile, obj_req->filename);
-
-	if (obj_req->rename == 0)
-		pull_say("got %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1));
-}
-
-static void process_object_response(void *callback_data)
-{
-	struct object_request *obj_req =
-		(struct object_request *)callback_data;
-
-	obj_req->curl_result = obj_req->slot->curl_result;
-	obj_req->http_code = obj_req->slot->http_code;
-	obj_req->slot = NULL;
-	obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
-
-	/* Use alternates if necessary */
-	if (missing_target(obj_req)) {
-		fetch_alternates(alt->base);
-		if (obj_req->repo->next != NULL) {
-			obj_req->repo =
-				obj_req->repo->next;
-			close(obj_req->local);
-			obj_req->local = -1;
-			start_object_request(obj_req);
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	finish_object_request(obj_req);
-}
-
-static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
-{
-	struct object_request *entry = object_queue_head;
-
-	if (obj_req->local != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in release: %d", obj_req->local);
-	if (obj_req == object_queue_head) {
-		object_queue_head = obj_req->next;
-	} else {
-		while (entry->next != NULL && entry->next != obj_req)
-			entry = entry->next;
-		if (entry->next == obj_req)
-			entry->next = entry->next->next;
-	}
-
-	free(obj_req->url);
-	free(obj_req);
-}
-
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-void fill_active_slots(void)
-{
-	struct object_request *obj_req = object_queue_head;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot = active_queue_head;
-	int num_transfers;
-
-	while (active_requests < max_requests && obj_req != NULL) {
-		if (obj_req->state == WAITING) {
-			if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1))
-				obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
-			else
-				start_object_request(obj_req);
-			curl_multi_perform(curlm, &num_transfers);
-		}
-		obj_req = obj_req->next;
-	}
-
-	while (slot != NULL) {
-		if (!slot->in_use && slot->curl != NULL) {
-			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
-			slot->curl = NULL;
-		}
-		slot = slot->next;
-	}
-}
-#endif
-
-void prefetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct object_request *newreq;
-	struct object_request *tail;
-	char *filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-
-	newreq = xmalloc(sizeof(*newreq));
-	hashcpy(newreq->sha1, sha1);
-	newreq->repo = alt;
-	newreq->url = NULL;
-	newreq->local = -1;
-	newreq->state = WAITING;
-	snprintf(newreq->filename, sizeof(newreq->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(newreq->tmpfile, sizeof(newreq->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-	newreq->slot = NULL;
-	newreq->next = NULL;
-
-	if (object_queue_head == NULL) {
-		object_queue_head = newreq;
-	} else {
-		tail = object_queue_head;
-		while (tail->next != NULL) {
-			tail = tail->next;
-		}
-		tail->next = newreq;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	fill_active_slots();
-	step_active_slots();
-#endif
-}
-
-static int fetch_index(struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char *url;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-
-	FILE *indexfile;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	if (has_pack_index(sha1))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (get_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.idx", repo->base, hex);
-
-	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	indexfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!indexfile)
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack index",
-			     filename);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, indexfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = indexfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(indexfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of index for pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			fclose(indexfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack index %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		fclose(indexfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	fclose(indexfile);
-
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
-}
-
-static int setup_index(struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *new_pack;
-	if (has_pack_file(sha1))
-		return 0; /* don't list this as something we can get */
-
-	if (fetch_index(repo, sha1))
-		return -1;
-
-	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
-	new_pack->next = repo->packs;
-	repo->packs = new_pack;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
-{
-	struct alternates_request *alt_req =
-		(struct alternates_request *)callback_data;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot = alt_req->slot;
-	struct alt_base *tail = alt;
-	const char *base = alt_req->base;
-	static const char null_byte = '\0';
-	char *data;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	if (alt_req->http_specific) {
-		if (slot->curl_result != CURLE_OK ||
-		    !alt_req->buffer->posn) {
-
-			/* Try reusing the slot to get non-http alternates */
-			alt_req->http_specific = 0;
-			sprintf(alt_req->url, "%s/objects/info/alternates",
-				base);
-			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL,
-					 alt_req->url);
-			active_requests++;
-			slot->in_use = 1;
-			if (slot->finished != NULL)
-				(*slot->finished) = 0;
-			if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
-				got_alternates = -1;
-				slot->in_use = 0;
-				if (slot->finished != NULL)
-					(*slot->finished) = 1;
-			}
-			return;
-		}
-	} else if (slot->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		if (!missing_target(slot)) {
-			got_alternates = -1;
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	fwrite_buffer(&null_byte, 1, 1, alt_req->buffer);
-	alt_req->buffer->posn--;
-	data = alt_req->buffer->buffer;
-
-	while (i < alt_req->buffer->posn) {
-		int posn = i;
-		while (posn < alt_req->buffer->posn && data[posn] != '\n')
-			posn++;
-		if (data[posn] == '\n') {
-			int okay = 0;
-			int serverlen = 0;
-			struct alt_base *newalt;
-			char *target = NULL;
-			if (data[i] == '/') {
-				/* This counts
-				 * http://git.host/pub/scm/linux.git/
-				 * -----------here^
-				 * so memcpy(dst, base, serverlen) will
-				 * copy up to "...git.host".
-				 */
-				const char *colon_ss = strstr(base,"://");
-				if (colon_ss) {
-					serverlen = (strchr(colon_ss + 3, '/')
-						     - base);
-					okay = 1;
-				}
-			} else if (!memcmp(data + i, "../", 3)) {
-				/* Relative URL; chop the corresponding
-				 * number of subpath from base (and ../
-				 * from data), and concatenate the result.
-				 *
-				 * The code first drops ../ from data, and
-				 * then drops one ../ from data and one path
-				 * from base.  IOW, one extra ../ is dropped
-				 * from data than path is dropped from base.
-				 *
-				 * This is not wrong.  The alternate in
-				 *     http://git.host/pub/scm/linux.git/
-				 * to borrow from
-				 *     http://git.host/pub/scm/linus.git/
-				 * is ../../linus.git/objects/.  You need
-				 * two ../../ to borrow from your direct
-				 * neighbour.
-				 */
-				i += 3;
-				serverlen = strlen(base);
-				while (i + 2 < posn &&
-				       !memcmp(data + i, "../", 3)) {
-					do {
-						serverlen--;
-					} while (serverlen &&
-						 base[serverlen - 1] != '/');
-					i += 3;
-				}
-				/* If the server got removed, give up. */
-				okay = strchr(base, ':') - base + 3 <
-					serverlen;
-			} else if (alt_req->http_specific) {
-				char *colon = strchr(data + i, ':');
-				char *slash = strchr(data + i, '/');
-				if (colon && slash && colon < data + posn &&
-				    slash < data + posn && colon < slash) {
-					okay = 1;
-				}
-			}
-			/* skip "objects\n" at end */
-			if (okay) {
-				target = xmalloc(serverlen + posn - i - 6);
-				memcpy(target, base, serverlen);
-				memcpy(target + serverlen, data + i,
-				       posn - i - 7);
-				target[serverlen + posn - i - 7] = 0;
-				if (get_verbosely)
-					fprintf(stderr,
-						"Also look at %s\n", target);
-				newalt = xmalloc(sizeof(*newalt));
-				newalt->next = NULL;
-				newalt->base = target;
-				newalt->got_indices = 0;
-				newalt->packs = NULL;
-
-				while (tail->next != NULL)
-					tail = tail->next;
-				tail->next = newalt;
-			}
-		}
-		i = posn + 1;
-	}
-
-	got_alternates = 1;
-}
-
-static void fetch_alternates(const char *base)
-{
-	struct buffer buffer;
-	char *url;
-	char *data;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct alternates_request alt_req;
-
-	/* If another request has already started fetching alternates,
-	   wait for them to arrive and return to processing this request's
-	   curl message */
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	while (got_alternates == 0) {
-		step_active_slots();
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* Nothing to do if they've already been fetched */
-	if (got_alternates == 1)
-		return;
-
-	/* Start the fetch */
-	got_alternates = 0;
-
-	data = xmalloc(4096);
-	buffer.size = 4096;
-	buffer.posn = 0;
-	buffer.buffer = data;
-
-	if (get_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting alternates list for %s\n", base);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(base) + 31);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/info/http-alternates", base);
-
-	/* Use a callback to process the result, since another request
-	   may fail and need to have alternates loaded before continuing */
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->callback_func = process_alternates_response;
-	slot->callback_data = &alt_req;
-
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-
-	alt_req.base = base;
-	alt_req.url = url;
-	alt_req.buffer = &buffer;
-	alt_req.http_specific = 1;
-	alt_req.slot = slot;
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot))
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-	else
-		got_alternates = -1;
-
-	free(data);
-	free(url);
-}
-
-static int fetch_indices(struct alt_base *repo)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *url;
-	struct buffer buffer;
-	char *data;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	if (repo->got_indices)
-		return 0;
-
-	data = xmalloc(4096);
-	buffer.size = 4096;
-	buffer.posn = 0;
-	buffer.buffer = data;
-
-	if (get_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack list for %s\n", repo->base);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 21);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/info/packs", repo->base);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			if (missing_target(&results)) {
-				repo->got_indices = 1;
-				free(buffer.buffer);
-				return 0;
-			} else {
-				repo->got_indices = 0;
-				free(buffer.buffer);
-				return error("%s", curl_errorstr);
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		repo->got_indices = 0;
-		free(buffer.buffer);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	data = buffer.buffer;
-	while (i < buffer.posn) {
-		switch (data[i]) {
-		case 'P':
-			i++;
-			if (i + 52 <= buffer.posn &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
-				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
-				setup_index(repo, sha1);
-				i += 51;
-				break;
-			}
-		default:
-			while (i < buffer.posn && data[i] != '\n')
-				i++;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	free(buffer.buffer);
-	repo->got_indices = 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fetch_pack(struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *url;
-	struct packed_git *target;
-	struct packed_git **lst;
-	FILE *packfile;
-	char *filename;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int ret;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	if (fetch_indices(repo))
-		return -1;
-	target = find_sha1_pack(sha1, repo->packs);
-	if (!target)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (get_verbosely) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-		fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 65);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-		repo->base, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-
-	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	packfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!packfile)
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack",
-			     filename);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, packfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = packfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(packfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			fclose(packfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack file %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		fclose(packfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	target->pack_size = ftell(packfile);
-	fclose(packfile);
-
-	ret = move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
-	lst = &repo->packs;
-	while (*lst != target)
-		lst = &((*lst)->next);
-	*lst = (*lst)->next;
-
-	if (verify_pack(target, 0))
-		return -1;
-	install_packed_git(target);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void abort_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
-{
-	if (obj_req->local >= 0) {
-		close(obj_req->local);
-		obj_req->local = -1;
-	}
-	unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-	if (obj_req->slot) {
- 		release_active_slot(obj_req->slot);
-		obj_req->slot = NULL;
-	}
-	release_object_request(obj_req);
-}
-
-static int fetch_object(struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	int ret = 0;
-	struct object_request *obj_req = object_queue_head;
-
-	while (obj_req != NULL && hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, sha1))
-		obj_req = obj_req->next;
-	if (obj_req == NULL)
-		return error("Couldn't find request for %s in the queue", hex);
-
-	if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1)) {
-		abort_object_request(obj_req);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	while (obj_req->state == WAITING) {
-		step_active_slots();
-	}
-#else
-	start_object_request(obj_req);
-#endif
-
-	while (obj_req->state == ACTIVE) {
-		run_active_slot(obj_req->slot);
-	}
-	if (obj_req->local != -1) {
-		close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
-	}
-
-	if (obj_req->state == ABORTED) {
-		ret = error("Request for %s aborted", hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
-		   obj_req->http_code != 416) {
-		if (missing_target(obj_req))
-			ret = -1; /* Be silent, it is probably in a pack. */
-		else
-			ret = error("%s (curl_result = %d, http_code = %ld, sha1 = %s)",
-				    obj_req->errorstr, obj_req->curl_result,
-				    obj_req->http_code, hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-		corrupt_object_found++;
-		ret = error("File %s (%s) corrupt", hex, obj_req->url);
-	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, obj_req->real_sha1)) {
-		ret = error("File %s has bad hash", hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->rename < 0) {
-		ret = error("unable to write sha1 filename %s",
-			    obj_req->filename);
-	}
-
-	release_object_request(obj_req);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int fetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct alt_base *altbase = alt;
-
-	if (!fetch_object(altbase, sha1))
-		return 0;
-	while (altbase) {
-		if (!fetch_pack(altbase, sha1))
-			return 0;
-		fetch_alternates(alt->base);
-		altbase = altbase->next;
-	}
-	return error("Unable to find %s under %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-		     alt->base);
-}
-
-static inline int needs_quote(int ch)
-{
-	if (((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'Z'))
-			|| ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'z'))
-			|| ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
-			|| (ch == '/')
-			|| (ch == '-')
-			|| (ch == '.'))
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static inline int hex(int v)
-{
-	if (v < 10) return '0' + v;
-	else return 'A' + v - 10;
-}
-
-static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	char *dp, *qref;
-	int len, baselen, ch;
-
-	baselen = strlen(base);
-	len = baselen + 7; /* "/refs/" + NUL */
-	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++, len++)
-		if (needs_quote(ch))
-			len += 2; /* extra two hex plus replacement % */
-	qref = xmalloc(len);
-	memcpy(qref, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(qref + baselen, "/refs/", 6);
-	for (cp = ref, dp = qref + baselen + 6; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++) {
-		if (needs_quote(ch)) {
-			*dp++ = '%';
-			*dp++ = hex((ch >> 4) & 0xF);
-			*dp++ = hex(ch & 0xF);
-		}
-		else
-			*dp++ = ch;
-	}
-	*dp = 0;
-
-	return qref;
-}
-
-int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-        char *url;
-        char hex[42];
-        struct buffer buffer;
-	const char *base = alt->base;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-        buffer.size = 41;
-        buffer.posn = 0;
-        buffer.buffer = hex;
-        hex[41] = '\0';
-
-	url = quote_ref_url(base, ref);
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK)
-			return error("Couldn't get %s for %s\n%s",
-				     url, ref, curl_errorstr);
-	} else {
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-        hex[40] = '\0';
-        get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1);
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	int commits;
-	const char **write_ref = NULL;
-	char **commit_id;
-	const char *url;
-	char *s;
-	int arg = 1;
-	int rc = 0;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
-		if (argv[arg][1] == 't') {
-			get_tree = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'c') {
-			get_history = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'a') {
-			get_all = 1;
-			get_tree = 1;
-			get_history = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'v') {
-			get_verbosely = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w') {
-			write_ref = &argv[arg + 1];
-			arg++;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--recover")) {
-			get_recover = 1;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--stdin")) {
-			commits_on_stdin = 1;
-		}
-		arg++;
-	}
-	if (argc < arg + 2 - commits_on_stdin) {
-		usage("git-http-fetch [-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] [--stdin] commit-id url");
-		return 1;
-	}
-	if (commits_on_stdin) {
-		commits = pull_targets_stdin(&commit_id, &write_ref);
-	} else {
-		commit_id = (char **) &argv[arg++];
-		commits = 1;
-	}
-	url = argv[arg];
-
-	http_init();
-
-	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
-
-	alt = xmalloc(sizeof(*alt));
-	alt->base = xmalloc(strlen(url) + 1);
-	strcpy(alt->base, url);
-	for (s = alt->base + strlen(alt->base) - 1; *s == '/'; --s)
-		*s = 0;
-	alt->got_indices = 0;
-	alt->packs = NULL;
-	alt->next = NULL;
-
-	if (pull(commits, commit_id, write_ref, url))
-		rc = 1;
-
-	http_cleanup();
-
-	curl_slist_free_all(no_pragma_header);
-
-	if (commits_on_stdin)
-		pull_targets_free(commits, commit_id, write_ref);
-
-	if (corrupt_object_found) {
-		fprintf(stderr,
-"Some loose object were found to be corrupt, but they might be just\n"
-"a false '404 Not Found' error message sent with incorrect HTTP\n"
-"status code.  Suggest running git-fsck.\n");
-	}
-	return rc;
-}
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index e3f767582b..00e83dcec1 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "pack.h"
-#include "fetch.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "http.h"
@@ -9,11 +7,14 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #include <expat.h>
 
 static const char http_push_usage[] =
-"git-http-push [--all] [--force] [--verbose] <remote> [<head>...]\n";
+"git http-push [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--verbose] <remote> [<head>...]\n";
 
 #ifndef XML_STATUS_OK
 enum XML_Status {
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ enum XML_Status {
 #endif
 
 #define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
 
 /* DAV methods */
 #define DAV_LOCK "LOCK"
@@ -74,18 +74,17 @@ static int pushing;
 static int aborted;
 static signed char remote_dir_exists[256];
 
-static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
-static struct curl_slist *default_headers;
-
 static int push_verbosely;
-static int push_all;
+static int push_all = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
 static int force_all;
+static int dry_run;
 
 static struct object_list *objects;
 
 struct repo
 {
 	char *url;
+	char *path;
 	int path_len;
 	int has_info_refs;
 	int can_update_info_refs;
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ struct repo
 	struct remote_lock *locks;
 };
 
-static struct repo *remote;
+static struct repo *repo;
 
 enum transfer_state {
 	NEED_FETCH,
@@ -116,19 +115,10 @@ struct transfer_request
 	struct remote_lock *lock;
 	struct curl_slist *headers;
 	struct buffer buffer;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int local_fileno;
-	FILE *local_stream;
 	enum transfer_state state;
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 	long http_code;
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	SHA_CTX c;
-	z_stream stream;
-	int zret;
-	int rename;
 	void *userData;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct transfer_request *next;
@@ -150,6 +140,7 @@ struct remote_lock
 	char *url;
 	char *owner;
 	char *token;
+	char tmpfile_suffix[41];
 	time_t start_time;
 	long timeout;
 	int refreshing;
@@ -175,6 +166,66 @@ struct remote_ls_ctx
 	struct remote_ls_ctx *parent;
 };
 
+/* get_dav_token_headers options */
+enum dav_header_flag {
+	DAV_HEADER_IF = (1u << 0),
+	DAV_HEADER_LOCK = (1u << 1),
+	DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT = (1u << 2)
+};
+
+static char *xml_entities(char *s)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	while (*s) {
+		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
+		strbuf_add(&buf, s, len);
+		s += len;
+		switch (*s) {
+		case '"':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&quot;");
+			break;
+		case '<':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&lt;");
+			break;
+		case '>':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&gt;");
+			break;
+		case '&':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&amp;");
+			break;
+		case 0:
+			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+		}
+		s++;
+	}
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct curl_slist *get_dav_token_headers(struct remote_lock *lock, enum dav_header_flag options)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_IF) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "If: (<%s>)", lock->token);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_LOCK) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Lock-Token: <%s>", lock->token);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Timeout: Second-%ld", lock->timeout);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return dav_headers;
+}
+
 static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 static void release_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 
@@ -187,165 +238,30 @@ static void process_response(void *callback_data)
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			       void *data)
-{
-	unsigned char expn[4096];
-	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	int posn = 0;
-	struct transfer_request *request = (struct transfer_request *)data;
-	do {
-		ssize_t retval = xwrite(request->local_fileno,
-				       (char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
-		if (retval < 0)
-			return posn;
-		posn += retval;
-	} while (posn < size);
-
-	request->stream.avail_in = size;
-	request->stream.next_in = ptr;
-	do {
-		request->stream.next_out = expn;
-		request->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
-		request->zret = inflate(&request->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
-		SHA1_Update(&request->c, expn,
-			    sizeof(expn) - request->stream.avail_out);
-	} while (request->stream.avail_in && request->zret == Z_OK);
-	data_received++;
-	return size;
-}
 
 static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
-	char *url;
-	char *posn;
-	int prevlocal;
-	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
-	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_object_request *obj_req;
 
-	filename = sha1_file_name(request->obj->sha1);
-	snprintf(request->filename, sizeof(request->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(request->tmpfile, sizeof(request->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-
-	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", request->filename);
-	unlink(prevfile);
-	rename(request->tmpfile, prevfile);
-	unlink(request->tmpfile);
-
-	if (request->local_fileno != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in start: %d", request->local_fileno);
-	request->local_fileno = open(request->tmpfile,
-				     O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	/* This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
-	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
-	 */
-	if (request->local_fileno < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-		char *dir = strrchr(request->tmpfile, '/');
-		if (dir) {
-			*dir = 0;
-			mkdir(request->tmpfile, 0777);
-			*dir = '/';
-		}
-		request->local_fileno = open(request->tmpfile,
-					     O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	}
-
-	if (request->local_fileno < 0) {
+	obj_req = new_http_object_request(repo->url, request->obj->sha1);
+	if (obj_req == NULL) {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
-		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
-		      request->tmpfile, request->filename, strerror(errno));
 		return;
 	}
 
-	memset(&request->stream, 0, sizeof(request->stream));
-
-	inflateInit(&request->stream);
-
-	SHA1_Init(&request->c);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	strcpy(url, remote->url);
-	posn = url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	strcpy(request->url, url);
-
-	/* If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
-	   fetched. */
-	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
-	if (prevlocal != -1) {
-		do {
-			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
-			if (prev_read>0) {
-				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
-						     1,
-						     prev_read,
-						     request) == prev_read) {
-					prev_posn += prev_read;
-				} else {
-					prev_read = -1;
-				}
-			}
-		} while (prev_read > 0);
-		close(prevlocal);
-	}
-	unlink(prevfile);
-
-	/* Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
-	   file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file. */
-	if (prev_read == -1) {
-		memset(&request->stream, 0, sizeof(request->stream));
-		inflateInit(&request->stream);
-		SHA1_Init(&request->c);
-		if (prev_posn>0) {
-			prev_posn = 0;
-			lseek(request->local_fileno, 0, SEEK_SET);
-			ftruncate(request->local_fileno, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot = obj_req->slot;
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
 	slot->callback_data = request;
 	request->slot = slot;
-
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, request);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, request->errorstr);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-
-	/* If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
-	   attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have. */
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl,
-				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
+	request->userData = obj_req;
 
 	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
 	request->state = RUN_FETCH_LOOSE;
 	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start GET request\n");
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		release_http_object_request(obj_req);
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
@@ -354,16 +270,8 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 13);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	strcpy(posn, "/");
+	request->url = get_remote_object_url(repo->url, hex, 1);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -387,21 +295,15 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *url;
 	struct packed_git *target;
-	FILE *packfile;
-	char *filename;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
 
 	struct transfer_request *check_request = request_queue_head;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
 
-	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->sha1, remote->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->sha1, repo->packs);
 	if (!target) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to fetch %s, will not be able to update server info refs\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -409,67 +311,36 @@ static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 	fprintf(stderr,	"Fetching pack %s\n", sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
 	fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
 
-	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
-	snprintf(request->filename, sizeof(request->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(request->tmpfile, sizeof(request->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-		remote->url, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+	preq = new_http_pack_request(target, repo->url);
+	if (preq == NULL) {
+		release_http_pack_request(preq);
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	preq->lst = &repo->packs;
 
 	/* Make sure there isn't another open request for this pack */
 	while (check_request) {
 		if (check_request->state == RUN_FETCH_PACKED &&
-		    !strcmp(check_request->url, url)) {
-			free(url);
+		    !strcmp(check_request->url, preq->url)) {
+			release_http_pack_request(preq);
 			release_request(request);
 			return;
 		}
 		check_request = check_request->next;
 	}
 
-	packfile = fopen(request->tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!packfile) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open local file %s for pack",
-			filename);
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
-		free(url);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->callback_func = process_response;
-	slot->callback_data = request;
-	request->slot = slot;
-	request->local_stream = packfile;
-	request->userData = target;
-
-	request->url = url;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, packfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = packfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(packfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
+	preq->slot->callback_func = process_response;
+	preq->slot->callback_data = request;
+	request->slot = preq->slot;
+	request->userData = preq;
 
 	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
 	request->state = RUN_FETCH_PACKED;
-	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
+	if (!start_active_slot(preq->slot)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start GET request\n");
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		release_http_pack_request(preq);
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
@@ -478,7 +349,7 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char hdr[50];
 	void *unpacked;
@@ -494,10 +365,11 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	deflateInit(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
 	size = deflateBound(&stream, len + hdrlen);
-	request->buffer.buffer = xmalloc(size);
+	strbuf_init(&request->buffer.buf, size);
+	request->buffer.posn = 0;
 
 	/* Compress it */
-	stream.next_out = request->buffer.buffer;
+	stream.next_out = (unsigned char *)request->buffer.buf.buf;
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 
 	/* First header.. */
@@ -514,31 +386,26 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 	deflateEnd(&stream);
 	free(unpacked);
 
-	request->buffer.size = stream.total_out;
-	request->buffer.posn = 0;
+	request->buffer.buf.len = stream.total_out;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Destination: ");
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, repo->url, hex, 0);
+	request->dest = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 
-			       strlen(request->lock->token) + 51);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	request->dest = xmalloc(strlen(request->url) + 14);
-	sprintf(request->dest, "Destination: %s", request->url);
-	posn += 38;
-	*(posn++) = '_';
-	strcpy(posn, request->lock->token);
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, repo->url, hex, 0);
+	strbuf_add(&buf, request->lock->tmpfile_suffix, 41);
+	request->url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
 	slot->callback_data = request;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &request->buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, request->buffer.size);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, request->buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &request->buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
@@ -586,18 +453,12 @@ static int refresh_lock(struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *if_header;
-	char timeout_header[25];
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	lock->refreshing = 1;
 
-	if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-	sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-	sprintf(timeout_header, "Timeout: Second-%ld", lock->timeout);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, timeout_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF | DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
@@ -620,14 +481,13 @@ static int refresh_lock(struct remote_lock *lock)
 
 	lock->refreshing = 0;
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
-	free(if_header);
 
 	return rc;
 }
 
 static void check_locks(void)
 {
-	struct remote_lock *lock = remote->locks;
+	struct remote_lock *lock = repo->locks;
 	time_t current_time = time(NULL);
 	int time_remaining;
 
@@ -660,20 +520,14 @@ static void release_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 			entry->next = entry->next->next;
 	}
 
-	if (request->local_fileno != -1)
-		close(request->local_fileno);
-	if (request->local_stream)
-		fclose(request->local_stream);
-	if (request->url != NULL)
-		free(request->url);
+	free(request->url);
 	free(request);
 }
 
 static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	struct packed_git *target;
-	struct packed_git **lst;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
+	struct http_object_request *obj_req;
 
 	request->curl_result = request->slot->curl_result;
 	request->http_code = request->slot->http_code;
@@ -728,104 +582,62 @@ static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 			aborted = 1;
 		}
 	} else if (request->state == RUN_FETCH_LOOSE) {
-		fchmod(request->local_fileno, 0444);
-		close(request->local_fileno); request->local_fileno = -1;
-
-		if (request->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
-		    request->http_code != 416) {
-			if (stat(request->tmpfile, &st) == 0) {
-				if (st.st_size == 0)
-					unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			}
-		} else {
-			if (request->http_code == 416)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
-
-			inflateEnd(&request->stream);
-			SHA1_Final(request->real_sha1, &request->c);
-			if (request->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-				unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			} else if (hashcmp(request->obj->sha1, request->real_sha1)) {
-				unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			} else {
-				request->rename =
-					move_temp_to_file(
-						request->tmpfile,
-						request->filename);
-				if (request->rename == 0) {
-					request->obj->flags |= (LOCAL | REMOTE);
-				}
-			}
-		}
+		obj_req = (struct http_object_request *)request->userData;
+
+		if (finish_http_object_request(obj_req) == 0)
+			if (obj_req->rename == 0)
+				request->obj->flags |= (LOCAL | REMOTE);
 
 		/* Try fetching packed if necessary */
-		if (request->obj->flags & LOCAL)
+		if (request->obj->flags & LOCAL) {
+			release_http_object_request(obj_req);
 			release_request(request);
-		else
+		} else
 			start_fetch_packed(request);
 
 	} else if (request->state == RUN_FETCH_PACKED) {
+		int fail = 1;
 		if (request->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to get pack file %s\n%s",
 				request->url, curl_errorstr);
-			remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		} else {
-			off_t pack_size = ftell(request->local_stream);
-
-			fclose(request->local_stream);
-			request->local_stream = NULL;
-			if (!move_temp_to_file(request->tmpfile,
-					       request->filename)) {
-				target = (struct packed_git *)request->userData;
-				target->pack_size = pack_size;
-				lst = &remote->packs;
-				while (*lst != target)
-					lst = &((*lst)->next);
-				*lst = (*lst)->next;
-
-				if (!verify_pack(target, 0))
-					install_packed_git(target);
-				else
-					remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+			preq = (struct http_pack_request *)request->userData;
+
+			if (preq) {
+				if (finish_http_pack_request(preq) > 0)
+					fail = 0;
+				release_http_pack_request(preq);
 			}
 		}
+		if (fail)
+			repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-void fill_active_slots(void)
+static int is_running_queue;
+static int fill_active_slot(void *unused)
 {
-	struct transfer_request *request = request_queue_head;
-	struct transfer_request *next;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot = active_queue_head;
-	int num_transfers;
+	struct transfer_request *request;
 
-	if (aborted)
-		return;
+	if (aborted || !is_running_queue)
+		return 0;
 
-	while (active_requests < max_requests && request != NULL) {
-		next = request->next;
+	for (request = request_queue_head; request; request = request->next) {
 		if (request->state == NEED_FETCH) {
 			start_fetch_loose(request);
+			return 1;
 		} else if (pushing && request->state == NEED_PUSH) {
 			if (remote_dir_exists[request->obj->sha1[0]] == 1) {
 				start_put(request);
 			} else {
 				start_mkcol(request);
 			}
-			curl_multi_perform(curlm, &num_transfers);
-		}
-		request = next;
-	}
-
-	while (slot != NULL) {
-		if (!slot->in_use && slot->curl != NULL) {
-			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
-			slot->curl = NULL;
+			return 1;
 		}
-		slot = slot->next;
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -852,8 +664,6 @@ static void add_fetch_request(struct object *obj)
 	request->url = NULL;
 	request->lock = NULL;
 	request->headers = NULL;
-	request->local_fileno = -1;
-	request->local_stream = NULL;
 	request->state = NEED_FETCH;
 	request->next = request_queue_head;
 	request_queue_head = request;
@@ -880,7 +690,7 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 		get_remote_object_list(obj->sha1[0]);
 	if (obj->flags & (REMOTE | PUSHING))
 		return 0;
-	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, remote->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, repo->packs);
 	if (target) {
 		obj->flags |= REMOTE;
 		return 0;
@@ -892,8 +702,6 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	request->url = NULL;
 	request->lock = lock;
 	request->headers = NULL;
-	request->local_fileno = -1;
-	request->local_stream = NULL;
 	request->state = NEED_PUSH;
 	request->next = request_queue_head;
 	request_queue_head = request;
@@ -906,255 +714,23 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int fetch_index(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char *url;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-
-	FILE *indexfile;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	/* Don't use the index if the pack isn't there */
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.pack", remote->url, hex);
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			free(url);
-			return error("Unable to verify pack %s is available",
-				     hex);
-		}
-	} else {
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	if (has_pack_index(sha1))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (push_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
-
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.idx", remote->url, hex);
-
-	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	indexfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!indexfile)
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack index",
-			     filename);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, indexfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = indexfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(indexfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of index for pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			free(url);
-			fclose(indexfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack index %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		free(url);
-		fclose(indexfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	free(url);
-	fclose(indexfile);
-
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
-}
-
-static int setup_index(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *new_pack;
-
-	if (fetch_index(sha1))
-		return -1;
-
-	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
-	new_pack->next = remote->packs;
-	remote->packs = new_pack;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int fetch_indices(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *url;
-	struct buffer buffer;
-	char *data;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	data = xcalloc(1, 4096);
-	buffer.size = 4096;
-	buffer.posn = 0;
-	buffer.buffer = data;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (push_verbosely)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack list\n");
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 20);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/info/packs", remote->url);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			free(buffer.buffer);
-			free(url);
-			if (results.http_code == 404)
-				return 0;
-			else
-				return error("%s", curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		free(buffer.buffer);
-		free(url);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-	free(url);
-
-	data = buffer.buffer;
-	while (i < buffer.posn) {
-		switch (data[i]) {
-		case 'P':
-			i++;
-			if (i + 52 < buffer.posn &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
-				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
-				setup_index(sha1);
-				i += 51;
-				break;
-			}
-		default:
-			while (data[i] != '\n')
-				i++;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	free(buffer.buffer);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static inline int needs_quote(int ch)
-{
-	if (((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'Z'))
-			|| ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'z'))
-			|| ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
-			|| (ch == '/')
-			|| (ch == '-')
-			|| (ch == '.'))
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static inline int hex(int v)
-{
-	if (v < 10) return '0' + v;
-	else return 'A' + v - 10;
-}
-
-static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	char *dp, *qref;
-	int len, baselen, ch;
-
-	baselen = strlen(base);
-	len = baselen + 1;
-	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++, len++)
-		if (needs_quote(ch))
-			len += 2; /* extra two hex plus replacement % */
-	qref = xmalloc(len);
-	memcpy(qref, base, baselen);
-	for (cp = ref, dp = qref + baselen; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++) {
-		if (needs_quote(ch)) {
-			*dp++ = '%';
-			*dp++ = hex((ch >> 4) & 0xF);
-			*dp++ = hex(ch & 0xF);
-		}
-		else
-			*dp++ = ch;
-	}
-	*dp = 0;
-
-	return qref;
-}
-
-int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-        char *url;
-        char hex[42];
-        struct buffer buffer;
-	char *base = remote->url;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-        buffer.size = 41;
-        buffer.posn = 0;
-        buffer.buffer = hex;
-        hex[41] = '\0';
-
-	url = quote_ref_url(base, ref);
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK)
-			return error("Couldn't get %s for %s\n%s",
-				     url, ref, curl_errorstr);
-	} else {
-		return error("Unable to start request");
+	switch (http_get_info_packs(repo->url, &repo->packs)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		ret = -1;
 	}
 
-        hex[40] = '\0';
-        get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1);
-        return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void one_remote_object(const char *hex)
@@ -1200,6 +776,8 @@ static void handle_lockprop_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 static void handle_new_lock_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 {
 	struct remote_lock *lock = (struct remote_lock *)ctx->userData;
+	git_SHA_CTX sha_ctx;
+	unsigned char lock_token_sha1[20];
 
 	if (tag_closed && ctx->cdata) {
 		if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_ACTIVELOCK_OWNER)) {
@@ -1210,10 +788,15 @@ static void handle_new_lock_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 				lock->timeout =
 					strtol(ctx->cdata + 7, NULL, 10);
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_ACTIVELOCK_TOKEN)) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(ctx->cdata, "opaquelocktoken:")) {
-				lock->token = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) - 15);
-				strcpy(lock->token, ctx->cdata + 16);
-			}
+			lock->token = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) + 1);
+			strcpy(lock->token, ctx->cdata);
+
+			git_SHA1_Init(&sha_ctx);
+			git_SHA1_Update(&sha_ctx, lock->token, strlen(lock->token));
+			git_SHA1_Final(lock_token_sha1, &sha_ctx);
+
+			lock->tmpfile_suffix[0] = '_';
+			memcpy(lock->tmpfile_suffix + 1, sha1_to_hex(lock_token_sha1), 40);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1270,36 +853,31 @@ xml_cdata(void *userData, const XML_Char *s, int len)
 {
 	struct xml_ctx *ctx = (struct xml_ctx *)userData;
 	free(ctx->cdata);
-	ctx->cdata = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	/* NB: 's' is not null-terminated, can not use strlcpy here */
-	memcpy(ctx->cdata, s, len);
-	ctx->cdata[len] = '\0';
+	ctx->cdata = xmemdupz(s, len);
 }
 
 static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct buffer out_buffer;
-	struct buffer in_buffer;
-	char *out_data;
-	char *in_data;
+	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
+	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *url;
 	char *ep;
 	char timeout_header[25];
 	struct remote_lock *lock = NULL;
-	XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
-	enum XML_Status result;
 	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
+	char *escaped;
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
 	/* Make sure leading directories exist for the remote ref */
-	ep = strchr(url + strlen(remote->url) + 1, '/');
+	ep = strchr(url + strlen(repo->url) + 1, '/');
 	while (ep) {
-		*ep = 0;
+		char saved_character = ep[1];
+		ep[1] = '\0';
 		slot = get_active_slot();
 		slot->results = &results;
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
@@ -1321,20 +899,13 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 			free(url);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		*ep = '/';
+		ep[1] = saved_character;
 		ep = strchr(ep + 1, '/');
 	}
 
-	out_buffer.size = strlen(LOCK_REQUEST) + strlen(git_default_email) - 2;
-	out_data = xmalloc(out_buffer.size + 1);
-	snprintf(out_data, out_buffer.size + 1, LOCK_REQUEST, git_default_email);
-	out_buffer.posn = 0;
-	out_buffer.buffer = out_data;
-
-	in_buffer.size = 4096;
-	in_data = xmalloc(in_buffer.size);
-	in_buffer.posn = 0;
-	in_buffer.buffer = in_data;
+	escaped = xml_entities(git_default_email);
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, LOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
+	free(escaped);
 
 	sprintf(timeout_header, "Timeout: Second-%ld", timeout);
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, timeout_header);
@@ -1343,8 +914,12 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.size);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
@@ -1358,6 +933,8 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
+			XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
+			enum XML_Status result;
 			ctx.name = xcalloc(10, 1);
 			ctx.len = 0;
 			ctx.cdata = NULL;
@@ -1367,8 +944,8 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 			XML_SetElementHandler(parser, xml_start_tag,
 					      xml_end_tag);
 			XML_SetCharacterDataHandler(parser, xml_cdata);
-			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buffer,
-					   in_buffer.posn, 1);
+			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buf,
+					   in_buffer.len, 1);
 			free(ctx.name);
 			if (result != XML_STATUS_OK) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "XML error: %s\n",
@@ -1376,28 +953,27 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 						XML_GetErrorCode(parser)));
 				lock->timeout = -1;
 			}
+			XML_ParserFree(parser);
 		}
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start LOCK request\n");
 	}
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
-	free(out_data);
-	free(in_data);
+	strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&in_buffer);
 
 	if (lock->token == NULL || lock->timeout <= 0) {
-		if (lock->token != NULL)
-			free(lock->token);
-		if (lock->owner != NULL)
-			free(lock->owner);
+		free(lock->token);
+		free(lock->owner);
 		free(url);
 		free(lock);
 		lock = NULL;
 	} else {
 		lock->url = url;
 		lock->start_time = time(NULL);
-		lock->next = remote->locks;
-		remote->locks = lock;
+		lock->next = repo->locks;
+		repo->locks = lock;
 	}
 
 	return lock;
@@ -1407,15 +983,11 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct remote_lock *prev = remote->locks;
-	char *lock_token_header;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct remote_lock *prev = repo->locks;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 	int rc = 0;
 
-	lock_token_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 31);
-	sprintf(lock_token_header, "Lock-Token: <opaquelocktoken:%s>",
-		lock->token);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, lock_token_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_LOCK);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
@@ -1436,10 +1008,9 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 	}
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
-	free(lock_token_header);
 
-	if (remote->locks == lock) {
-		remote->locks = lock->next;
+	if (repo->locks == lock) {
+		repo->locks = lock->next;
 	} else {
 		while (prev && prev->next != lock)
 			prev = prev->next;
@@ -1447,8 +1018,7 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 			prev->next = prev->next->next;
 	}
 
-	if (lock->owner != NULL)
-		free(lock->owner);
+	free(lock->owner);
 	free(lock->url);
 	free(lock->token);
 	free(lock);
@@ -1456,6 +1026,25 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 	return rc;
 }
 
+static void remove_locks(void)
+{
+	struct remote_lock *lock = repo->locks;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Removing remote locks...\n");
+	while (lock) {
+		struct remote_lock *next = lock->next;
+		unlock_remote(lock);
+		lock = next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_locks_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_locks();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
 static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 		      void (*userFunc)(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls),
 		      void *userData);
@@ -1514,9 +1103,17 @@ static void handle_remote_ls_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 				ls->userFunc(ls);
 			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_NAME) && ctx->cdata) {
-			ls->dentry_name = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) -
-						  remote->path_len + 1);
-			strcpy(ls->dentry_name, ctx->cdata + remote->path_len);
+			char *path = ctx->cdata;
+			if (*ctx->cdata == 'h') {
+				path = strstr(path, "//");
+				if (path) {
+					path = strchr(path+2, '/');
+				}
+			}
+			if (path) {
+				path += repo->path_len;
+				ls->dentry_name = xstrdup(path);
+			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_COLLECTION)) {
 			ls->dentry_flags |= IS_DIR;
 		}
@@ -1527,19 +1124,21 @@ static void handle_remote_ls_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * NEEDSWORK: remote_ls() ignores info/refs on the remote side.  But it
+ * should _only_ heed the information from that file, instead of trying to
+ * determine the refs from the remote file system (badly: it does not even
+ * know about packed-refs).
+ */
 static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 		      void (*userFunc)(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls),
 		      void *userData)
 {
-	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct buffer in_buffer;
-	struct buffer out_buffer;
-	char *in_data;
-	char *out_data;
-	XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
-	enum XML_Status result;
+	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
 	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	struct remote_ls_ctx ls;
@@ -1551,18 +1150,9 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	ls.userData = userData;
 	ls.userFunc = userFunc;
 
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
-
-	out_buffer.size = strlen(PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
-	out_data = xmalloc(out_buffer.size + 1);
-	snprintf(out_data, out_buffer.size + 1, PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
-	out_buffer.posn = 0;
-	out_buffer.buffer = out_data;
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
-	in_buffer.size = 4096;
-	in_data = xmalloc(in_buffer.size);
-	in_buffer.posn = 0;
-	in_buffer.buffer = in_data;
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
 
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Depth: 1");
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Content-Type: text/xml");
@@ -1570,8 +1160,12 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.size);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
@@ -1582,6 +1176,8 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
+			XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
+			enum XML_Status result;
 			ctx.name = xcalloc(10, 1);
 			ctx.len = 0;
 			ctx.cdata = NULL;
@@ -1591,8 +1187,8 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 			XML_SetElementHandler(parser, xml_start_tag,
 					      xml_end_tag);
 			XML_SetCharacterDataHandler(parser, xml_cdata);
-			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buffer,
-					   in_buffer.posn, 1);
+			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buf,
+					   in_buffer.len, 1);
 			free(ctx.name);
 
 			if (result != XML_STATUS_OK) {
@@ -1600,6 +1196,7 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 					XML_ErrorString(
 						XML_GetErrorCode(parser)));
 			}
+			XML_ParserFree(parser);
 		}
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start PROPFIND request\n");
@@ -1607,8 +1204,8 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 
 	free(ls.path);
 	free(url);
-	free(out_data);
-	free(in_buffer.buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&in_buffer);
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
 }
 
@@ -1629,29 +1226,16 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct buffer in_buffer;
-	struct buffer out_buffer;
-	char *in_data;
-	char *out_data;
-	XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
-	enum XML_Status result;
+	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
 	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	int lock_flags = 0;
+	char *escaped;
 
-	out_buffer.size =
-		strlen(PROPFIND_SUPPORTEDLOCK_REQUEST) +
-		strlen(remote->url) - 2;
-	out_data = xmalloc(out_buffer.size + 1);
-	snprintf(out_data, out_buffer.size + 1,
-		 PROPFIND_SUPPORTEDLOCK_REQUEST, remote->url);
-	out_buffer.posn = 0;
-	out_buffer.buffer = out_data;
-
-	in_buffer.size = 4096;
-	in_data = xmalloc(in_buffer.size);
-	in_buffer.posn = 0;
-	in_buffer.buffer = in_data;
+	escaped = xml_entities(repo->url);
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_SUPPORTEDLOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
+	free(escaped);
 
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Depth: 0");
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Content-Type: text/xml");
@@ -1659,11 +1243,15 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.size);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, remote->url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, repo->url);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PROPFIND);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -1671,6 +1259,8 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
+			XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(NULL);
+			enum XML_Status result;
 			ctx.name = xcalloc(10, 1);
 			ctx.len = 0;
 			ctx.cdata = NULL;
@@ -1679,8 +1269,8 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 			XML_SetUserData(parser, &ctx);
 			XML_SetElementHandler(parser, xml_start_tag,
 					      xml_end_tag);
-			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buffer,
-					   in_buffer.posn, 1);
+			result = XML_Parse(parser, in_buffer.buf,
+					   in_buffer.len, 1);
 			free(ctx.name);
 
 			if (result != XML_STATUS_OK) {
@@ -1689,13 +1279,22 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 						XML_GetErrorCode(parser)));
 				lock_flags = 0;
 			}
+			XML_ParserFree(parser);
+			if (!lock_flags)
+				error("no DAV locking support on %s",
+				      repo->url);
+
+		} else {
+			error("Cannot access URL %s, return code %d",
+			      repo->url, results.curl_result);
+			lock_flags = 0;
 		}
 	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start PROPFIND request\n");
+		error("Unable to start PROPFIND request on %s", repo->url);
 	}
 
-	free(out_data);
-	free(in_buffer.buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&in_buffer);
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
 
 	return lock_flags;
@@ -1752,12 +1351,19 @@ static struct object_list **process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
+		switch (object_type(entry.mode)) {
+		case OBJ_TREE:
 			p = process_tree(lookup_tree(entry.sha1), p, &me, name);
-		else
+			break;
+		case OBJ_BLOB:
 			p = process_blob(lookup_blob(entry.sha1), p, &me, name);
-	}
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* Subproject commit - not in this repository */
+			break;
+		}
+
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
 	return p;
@@ -1813,31 +1419,22 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *out_data;
-	char *if_header;
-	struct buffer out_buffer;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
-	int i;
+	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 
-	if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-	sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF);
 
-	out_buffer.size = 41;
-	out_data = xmalloc(out_buffer.size + 1);
-	i = snprintf(out_data, out_buffer.size + 1, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	if (i != out_buffer.size) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to initialize PUT request body\n");
-		return 0;
-	}
-	out_buffer.posn = 0;
-	out_buffer.buffer = out_data;
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.size);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -1847,8 +1444,7 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
-		free(out_data);
-		free(if_header);
+		strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
 		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
 				"PUT error: curl result=%d, HTTP code=%ld\n",
@@ -1857,8 +1453,7 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 			return 0;
 		}
 	} else {
-		free(out_data);
-		free(if_header);
+		strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start PUT request\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -1866,32 +1461,20 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct ref *local_refs, **local_tail;
-static struct ref *remote_refs, **remote_tail;
-
-static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	*local_tail = ref;
-	local_tail = &ref->next;
-	return 0;
-}
+static struct ref *remote_refs;
 
 static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
-	unsigned char remote_sha1[20];
 	struct object *obj;
-	int len = strlen(refname) + 1;
 
-	if (fetch_ref(refname, remote_sha1) != 0) {
+	ref = alloc_ref(refname);
+
+	if (http_fetch_ref(repo->url, ref) != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to fetch ref %s from %s\n",
-			refname, remote->url);
+			refname, repo->url);
+		free(ref);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1899,148 +1482,57 @@ static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 	 * Fetch a copy of the object if it doesn't exist locally - it
 	 * may be required for updating server info later.
 	 */
-	if (remote->can_update_info_refs && !has_sha1_file(remote_sha1)) {
-		obj = lookup_unknown_object(remote_sha1);
+	if (repo->can_update_info_refs && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)) {
+		obj = lookup_unknown_object(ref->old_sha1);
 		if (obj) {
 			fprintf(stderr,	"  fetch %s for %s\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1), refname);
+				sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), refname);
 			add_fetch_request(obj);
 		}
 	}
 
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, remote_sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	*remote_tail = ref;
-	remote_tail = &ref->next;
-}
-
-static void get_local_heads(void)
-{
-	local_tail = &local_refs;
-	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, NULL);
+	ref->next = remote_refs;
+	remote_refs = ref;
 }
 
 static void get_dav_remote_heads(void)
 {
-	remote_tail = &remote_refs;
 	remote_ls("refs/", (PROCESS_FILES | PROCESS_DIRS | RECURSIVE), process_ls_ref, NULL);
 }
 
-static int is_zero_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		if (*sha1++)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		     const unsigned char *old_sha1)
-{
-	struct object *o;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
-	struct commit_list *list, *used;
-	int found = 0;
-
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
-	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
-	 */
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	old = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	new = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	used = list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
-	while (list) {
-		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
-		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
-		if (new == old) {
-			found = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	unmark_and_free(list, TMP_MARK);
-	unmark_and_free(used, TMP_MARK);
-	return found;
-}
-
-static void mark_edge_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct commit_list *parents;
-
-	for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
-		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
-		if (!(parent->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
-			continue;
-		mark_tree_uninteresting(parent->tree);
-	}
-}
-
-static void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct commit_list *list)
-{
-	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
-		struct commit *commit = list->item;
-
-		if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) {
-			mark_tree_uninteresting(commit->tree);
-			continue;
-		}
-		mark_edge_parents_uninteresting(commit);
-	}
-}
-
 static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 {
-	struct buffer *buf = (struct buffer *)ls->userData;
-	unsigned char remote_sha1[20];
+	struct strbuf *buf = (struct strbuf *)ls->userData;
 	struct object *o;
 	int len;
 	char *ref_info;
+	struct ref *ref;
+
+	ref = alloc_ref(ls->dentry_name);
 
-	if (fetch_ref(ls->dentry_name, remote_sha1) != 0) {
+	if (http_fetch_ref(repo->url, ref) != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to fetch ref %s from %s\n",
-			ls->dentry_name, remote->url);
+			ls->dentry_name, repo->url);
 		aborted = 1;
+		free(ref);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	o = parse_object(remote_sha1);
+	o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
 	if (!o) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to parse object %s for remote ref %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
+			sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
 		aborted = 1;
+		free(ref);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	len = strlen(ls->dentry_name) + 42;
 	ref_info = xcalloc(len + 1, 1);
 	sprintf(ref_info, "%s	%s\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
+		sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
 	fwrite_buffer(ref_info, 1, len, buf);
 	free(ref_info);
 
@@ -2055,31 +1547,30 @@ static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 			free(ref_info);
 		}
 	}
+	free(ref);
 }
 
 static void update_remote_info_refs(struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
-	struct buffer buffer;
+	struct buffer buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *if_header;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 
-	buffer.buffer = xcalloc(1, 4096);
-	buffer.size = 4096;
-	buffer.posn = 0;
 	remote_ls("refs/", (PROCESS_FILES | RECURSIVE),
-		  add_remote_info_ref, &buffer);
+		  add_remote_info_ref, &buffer.buf);
 	if (!aborted) {
-		if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-		sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
+		dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF);
 
 		slot = get_active_slot();
 		slot->results = &results;
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &buffer);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, buffer.posn);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, buffer.buf.len);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &buffer);
+#endif
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -2087,8 +1578,6 @@ static void update_remote_info_refs(struct remote_lock *lock)
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_PUT, 1);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, lock->url);
 
-		buffer.posn = 0;
-
 		if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 			run_active_slot(slot);
 			if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
@@ -2097,88 +1586,61 @@ static void update_remote_info_refs(struct remote_lock *lock)
 					results.curl_result, results.http_code);
 			}
 		}
-		free(if_header);
 	}
-	free(buffer.buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&buffer.buf);
 }
 
 static int remote_exists(const char *path)
 {
-	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	int ret;
 
-        slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-        curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-        curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
-        if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.http_code == 404)
-			return 0;
-		else if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK)
-			return 1;
-		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "HEAD HTTP error %ld\n", results.http_code);
-	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start HEAD request\n");
+	switch (http_get_strbuf(url, NULL, 0)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+		ret = 1;
+		break;
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	case HTTP_ERROR:
+		http_error(url, HTTP_ERROR);
+	default:
+		ret = -1;
 	}
-
-	return -1;
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *url;
-	struct buffer buffer;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	buffer.size = 4096;
-	buffer.posn = 0;
-	buffer.buffer = xmalloc(buffer.size);
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			die("Couldn't get %s for remote symref\n%s",
-			    url, curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		die("Unable to start remote symref request");
-	}
+	if (http_get_strbuf(url, &buffer, 0) != HTTP_OK)
+		die("Couldn't get %s for remote symref\n%s", url,
+		    curl_errorstr);
 	free(url);
 
-	if (*symref != NULL)
-		free(*symref);
+	free(*symref);
 	*symref = NULL;
 	hashclr(sha1);
 
-	if (buffer.posn == 0)
+	if (buffer.len == 0)
 		return;
 
 	/* If it's a symref, set the refname; otherwise try for a sha1 */
-	if (!prefixcmp((char *)buffer.buffer, "ref: ")) {
-		*symref = xmalloc(buffer.posn - 5);
-		memcpy(*symref, (char *)buffer.buffer + 5, buffer.posn - 6);
-		(*symref)[buffer.posn - 6] = '\0';
+	if (!prefixcmp((char *)buffer.buf, "ref: ")) {
+		*symref = xmemdupz((char *)buffer.buf + 5, buffer.len - 6);
 	} else {
-		get_sha1_hex(buffer.buffer, sha1);
+		get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, sha1);
 	}
 
-	free(buffer.buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 }
 
 static int verify_merge_base(unsigned char *head_sha1, unsigned char *branch_sha1)
@@ -2242,13 +1704,13 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 		/* Remote HEAD must resolve to a known object */
 		if (symref)
 			return error("Remote HEAD symrefs too deep");
-		if (is_zero_sha1(head_sha1))
+		if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote HEAD");
 		if (!has_sha1_file(head_sha1))
 			return error("Remote HEAD resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", sha1_to_hex(head_sha1));
 
 		/* Remote branch must resolve to a known object */
-		if (is_zero_sha1(remote_ref->old_sha1))
+		if (is_null_sha1(remote_ref->old_sha1))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote branch %s",
 				     remote_ref->name);
 		if (!has_sha1_file(remote_ref->old_sha1))
@@ -2256,14 +1718,20 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 
 		/* Remote branch must be an ancestor of remote HEAD */
 		if (!verify_merge_base(head_sha1, remote_ref->old_sha1)) {
-			return error("The branch '%s' is not a strict subset of your current HEAD.\nIf you are sure you want to delete it, run:\n\t'git http-push -D %s %s'", remote_ref->name, remote->url, pattern);
+			return error("The branch '%s' is not an ancestor "
+				     "of your current HEAD.\n"
+				     "If you are sure you want to delete it,"
+				     " run:\n\t'git http-push -D %s %s'",
+				     remote_ref->name, repo->url, pattern);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* Send delete request */
 	fprintf(stderr, "Removing remote branch '%s'\n", remote_ref->name);
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(remote_ref->name) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, remote_ref->name);
+	if (dry_run)
+		return 0;
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(remote_ref->name) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, remote_ref->name);
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
@@ -2284,6 +1752,25 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void run_request_queue(void)
+{
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 1;
+	fill_active_slots();
+	add_fill_function(NULL, fill_active_slot);
+#endif
+	do {
+		finish_all_active_slots();
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+		fill_active_slots();
+#endif
+	} while (request_queue_head && !aborted);
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 0;
+#endif
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct transfer_request *request;
@@ -2299,11 +1786,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int rc = 0;
 	int i;
 	int new_refs;
-	struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref *ref, *local_refs;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 
-	remote = xcalloc(sizeof(*remote), 1);
+	repo = xcalloc(sizeof(*repo), 1);
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
@@ -2311,15 +1802,20 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-				push_all = 1;
+				push_all = MATCH_REFS_ALL;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--force")) {
 				force_all = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run")) {
+				dry_run = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
 				push_verbosely = 1;
+				http_is_verbose = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "-d")) {
@@ -2332,13 +1828,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
-		if (!remote->url) {
+		if (!repo->url) {
 			char *path = strstr(arg, "//");
-			remote->url = arg;
+			repo->url = arg;
+			repo->path_len = strlen(arg);
 			if (path) {
-				path = strchr(path+2, '/');
-				if (path)
-					remote->path_len = strlen(path);
+				repo->path = strchr(path+2, '/');
+				if (repo->path)
+					repo->path_len = strlen(repo->path);
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -2347,7 +1844,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if (!remote->url)
+#ifndef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	die("git-push is not available for http/https repository when not compiled with USE_CURL_MULTI");
+#endif
+
+	if (!repo->url)
 		usage(http_push_usage);
 
 	if (delete_branch && nr_refspec != 1)
@@ -2355,38 +1856,58 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	memset(remote_dir_exists, -1, 256);
 
-	http_init();
+	/*
+	 * Create a minimum remote by hand to give to http_init(),
+	 * primarily to allow it to look at the URL.
+	 */
+	remote = xcalloc(sizeof(*remote), 1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->url, remote->url_nr + 1, remote->url_alloc);
+	remote->url[remote->url_nr++] = repo->url;
+	http_init(remote);
+
+	if (repo->url && repo->url[strlen(repo->url)-1] != '/') {
+		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url)+2);
+		strcpy(rewritten_url, repo->url);
+		strcat(rewritten_url, "/");
+		repo->path = rewritten_url + (repo->path - repo->url);
+		repo->path_len++;
+		repo->url = rewritten_url;
+	}
 
-	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
-	default_headers = curl_slist_append(default_headers, "Range:");
-	default_headers = curl_slist_append(default_headers, "Destination:");
-	default_headers = curl_slist_append(default_headers, "If:");
-	default_headers = curl_slist_append(default_headers,
-					    "Pragma: no-cache");
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 0;
+#endif
 
 	/* Verify DAV compliance/lock support */
 	if (!locking_available()) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Error: no DAV locking support on remote repo %s\n", remote->url);
 		rc = 1;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_locks_on_signal);
+
 	/* Check whether the remote has server info files */
-	remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
-	remote->has_info_refs = remote_exists("info/refs");
-	remote->has_info_packs = remote_exists("objects/info/packs");
-	if (remote->has_info_refs) {
+	repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+	repo->has_info_refs = remote_exists("info/refs");
+	repo->has_info_packs = remote_exists("objects/info/packs");
+	if (repo->has_info_refs) {
 		info_ref_lock = lock_remote("info/refs", LOCK_TIME);
 		if (info_ref_lock)
-			remote->can_update_info_refs = 1;
+			repo->can_update_info_refs = 1;
+		else {
+			error("cannot lock existing info/refs");
+			rc = 1;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
 	}
-	if (remote->has_info_packs)
+	if (repo->has_info_packs)
 		fetch_indices();
 
 	/* Get a list of all local and remote heads to validate refspecs */
-	get_local_heads();
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
 	fprintf(stderr, "Fetching remote heads...\n");
 	get_dav_remote_heads();
+	run_request_queue();
 
 	/* Remove a remote branch if -d or -D was specified */
 	if (delete_branch) {
@@ -2397,25 +1918,36 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (!remote_tail)
-		remote_tail = &remote_refs;
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, remote_refs, &remote_tail,
-		       nr_refspec, refspec, push_all))
-		return -1;
+	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
+		       nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec, push_all)) {
+		rc = -1;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
 	if (!remote_refs) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n");
-		return 0;
+		rc = 0;
+		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	new_refs = 0;
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		char old_hex[60], *new_hex;
-		const char *commit_argv[4];
+		const char *commit_argv[5];
 		int commit_argc;
 		char *new_sha1_hex, *old_sha1_hex;
 
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
+
+		if (is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
+			if (delete_remote_branch(ref->name, 1) == -1) {
+				error("Could not remove %s", ref->name);
+				rc = -4;
+			}
+			new_refs++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
 			if (push_verbosely || 1)
 				fprintf(stderr, "'%s': up-to-date\n", ref->name);
@@ -2423,21 +1955,22 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 
 		if (!force_all &&
-		    !is_zero_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+		    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
 		    !ref->force) {
 			if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
 			    !ref_newer(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1,
 				       ref->old_sha1)) {
-				/* We do not have the remote ref, or
+				/*
+				 * We do not have the remote ref, or
 				 * we know that the remote ref is not
 				 * an ancestor of what we are trying to
 				 * push.  Either way this can be losing
 				 * commits at the remote end and likely
 				 * we were not up to date to begin with.
 				 */
-				error("remote '%s' is not a strict "
-				      "subset of local ref '%s'. "
-				      "maybe you are not up-to-date and "
+				error("remote '%s' is not an ancestor of\n"
+				      "local '%s'.\n"
+				      "Maybe you are not up-to-date and "
 				      "need to pull first?",
 				      ref->name,
 				      ref->peer_ref->name);
@@ -2446,11 +1979,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			}
 		}
 		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
-		if (is_zero_sha1(ref->new_sha1)) {
-			error("cannot happen anymore");
-			rc = -3;
-			continue;
-		}
 		new_refs++;
 		strcpy(old_hex, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
 		new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
@@ -2459,7 +1987,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (strcmp(ref->name, ref->peer_ref->name))
 			fprintf(stderr, " using '%s'", ref->peer_ref->name);
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n  from %s\n  to   %s\n", old_hex, new_hex);
-
+		if (dry_run)
+			continue;
 
 		/* Lock remote branch ref */
 		ref_lock = lock_remote(ref->name, LOCK_TIME);
@@ -2476,15 +2005,17 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		old_sha1_hex = NULL;
 		commit_argv[1] = "--objects";
 		commit_argv[2] = new_sha1_hex;
-		if (!push_all && !is_zero_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+		if (!push_all && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
 			old_sha1_hex = xmalloc(42);
 			sprintf(old_sha1_hex, "^%s",
 				sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
 			commit_argv[3] = old_sha1_hex;
 			commit_argc++;
 		}
+		commit_argv[commit_argc] = NULL;
 		init_revisions(&revs, setup_git_directory());
 		setup_revisions(commit_argc, commit_argv, &revs, NULL);
+		revs.edge_hint = 0; /* just in case */
 		free(new_sha1_hex);
 		if (old_sha1_hex) {
 			free(old_sha1_hex);
@@ -2493,8 +2024,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 		/* Generate a list of objects that need to be pushed */
 		pushing = 0;
-		prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
-		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits);
+		if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+			die("revision walk setup failed");
+		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, NULL);
 		objects_to_send = get_delta(&revs, ref_lock);
 		finish_all_active_slots();
 
@@ -2504,18 +2036,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (objects_to_send)
 			fprintf(stderr, "    sending %d objects\n",
 				objects_to_send);
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-		fill_active_slots();
-#endif
-		finish_all_active_slots();
+
+		run_request_queue();
 
 		/* Update the remote branch if all went well */
-		if (aborted || !update_remote(ref->new_sha1, ref_lock)) {
+		if (aborted || !update_remote(ref->new_sha1, ref_lock))
 			rc = 1;
-			goto unlock;
-		}
 
-	unlock:
 		if (!rc)
 			fprintf(stderr, "    done\n");
 		unlock_remote(ref_lock);
@@ -2523,22 +2050,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	/* Update remote server info if appropriate */
-	if (remote->has_info_refs && new_refs) {
-		if (info_ref_lock && remote->can_update_info_refs) {
+	if (repo->has_info_refs && new_refs) {
+		if (info_ref_lock && repo->can_update_info_refs) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Updating remote server info\n");
-			update_remote_info_refs(info_ref_lock);
+			if (!dry_run)
+				update_remote_info_refs(info_ref_lock);
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to update server info\n");
 		}
 	}
-	if (info_ref_lock)
-		unlock_remote(info_ref_lock);
 
  cleanup:
-	free(remote);
-
-	curl_slist_free_all(no_pragma_header);
-	curl_slist_free_all(default_headers);
+	free(rewritten_url);
+	if (info_ref_lock)
+		unlock_remote(info_ref_lock);
+	free(repo);
 
 	http_cleanup();
 
diff --git a/http-walker.c b/http-walker.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..700bc13112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/http-walker.c
@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "walker.h"
+#include "http.h"
+
+struct alt_base
+{
+	char *base;
+	int got_indices;
+	struct packed_git *packs;
+	struct alt_base *next;
+};
+
+enum object_request_state {
+	WAITING,
+	ABORTED,
+	ACTIVE,
+	COMPLETE,
+};
+
+struct object_request
+{
+	struct walker *walker;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct alt_base *repo;
+	enum object_request_state state;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
+	struct object_request *next;
+};
+
+struct alternates_request {
+	struct walker *walker;
+	const char *base;
+	char *url;
+	struct strbuf *buffer;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	int http_specific;
+};
+
+struct walker_data {
+	const char *url;
+	int got_alternates;
+	struct alt_base *alt;
+};
+
+static struct object_request *object_queue_head;
+
+static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base);
+
+static void process_object_response(void *callback_data);
+
+static void start_object_request(struct walker *walker,
+				 struct object_request *obj_req)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
+
+	req = new_http_object_request(obj_req->repo->base, obj_req->sha1);
+	if (req == NULL) {
+		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
+		return;
+	}
+	obj_req->req = req;
+
+	slot = req->slot;
+	slot->callback_func = process_object_response;
+	slot->callback_data = obj_req;
+
+	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
+	obj_req->state = ACTIVE;
+	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
+		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
+		release_http_object_request(req);
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+static void finish_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
+{
+	if (finish_http_object_request(obj_req->req))
+		return;
+
+	if (obj_req->req->rename == 0)
+		walker_say(obj_req->walker, "got %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1));
+}
+
+static void process_object_response(void *callback_data)
+{
+	struct object_request *obj_req =
+		(struct object_request *)callback_data;
+	struct walker *walker = obj_req->walker;
+	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
+	struct alt_base *alt = data->alt;
+
+	process_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
+	obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
+
+	/* Use alternates if necessary */
+	if (missing_target(obj_req->req)) {
+		fetch_alternates(walker, alt->base);
+		if (obj_req->repo->next != NULL) {
+			obj_req->repo =
+				obj_req->repo->next;
+			release_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
+			start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	finish_object_request(obj_req);
+}
+
+static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
+{
+	struct object_request *entry = object_queue_head;
+
+	if (obj_req->req !=NULL && obj_req->req->localfile != -1)
+		error("fd leakage in release: %d", obj_req->req->localfile);
+	if (obj_req == object_queue_head) {
+		object_queue_head = obj_req->next;
+	} else {
+		while (entry->next != NULL && entry->next != obj_req)
+			entry = entry->next;
+		if (entry->next == obj_req)
+			entry->next = entry->next->next;
+	}
+
+	free(obj_req);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+static int fill_active_slot(struct walker *walker)
+{
+	struct object_request *obj_req;
+
+	for (obj_req = object_queue_head; obj_req; obj_req = obj_req->next) {
+		if (obj_req->state == WAITING) {
+			if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1))
+				obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
+			else {
+				start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
+				return 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void prefetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_request *newreq;
+	struct object_request *tail;
+	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
+
+	newreq = xmalloc(sizeof(*newreq));
+	newreq->walker = walker;
+	hashcpy(newreq->sha1, sha1);
+	newreq->repo = data->alt;
+	newreq->state = WAITING;
+	newreq->req = NULL;
+	newreq->next = NULL;
+
+	http_is_verbose = walker->get_verbosely;
+
+	if (object_queue_head == NULL) {
+		object_queue_head = newreq;
+	} else {
+		tail = object_queue_head;
+		while (tail->next != NULL)
+			tail = tail->next;
+		tail->next = newreq;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	fill_active_slots();
+	step_active_slots();
+#endif
+}
+
+static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
+{
+	struct alternates_request *alt_req =
+		(struct alternates_request *)callback_data;
+	struct walker *walker = alt_req->walker;
+	struct walker_data *cdata = walker->data;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot = alt_req->slot;
+	struct alt_base *tail = cdata->alt;
+	const char *base = alt_req->base;
+	static const char null_byte = '\0';
+	char *data;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (alt_req->http_specific) {
+		if (slot->curl_result != CURLE_OK ||
+		    !alt_req->buffer->len) {
+
+			/* Try reusing the slot to get non-http alternates */
+			alt_req->http_specific = 0;
+			sprintf(alt_req->url, "%s/objects/info/alternates",
+				base);
+			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL,
+					 alt_req->url);
+			active_requests++;
+			slot->in_use = 1;
+			if (slot->finished != NULL)
+				(*slot->finished) = 0;
+			if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
+				cdata->got_alternates = -1;
+				slot->in_use = 0;
+				if (slot->finished != NULL)
+					(*slot->finished) = 1;
+			}
+			return;
+		}
+	} else if (slot->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+		if (!missing_target(slot)) {
+			cdata->got_alternates = -1;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	fwrite_buffer(&null_byte, 1, 1, alt_req->buffer);
+	alt_req->buffer->len--;
+	data = alt_req->buffer->buf;
+
+	while (i < alt_req->buffer->len) {
+		int posn = i;
+		while (posn < alt_req->buffer->len && data[posn] != '\n')
+			posn++;
+		if (data[posn] == '\n') {
+			int okay = 0;
+			int serverlen = 0;
+			struct alt_base *newalt;
+			char *target = NULL;
+			if (data[i] == '/') {
+				/*
+				 * This counts
+				 * http://git.host/pub/scm/linux.git/
+				 * -----------here^
+				 * so memcpy(dst, base, serverlen) will
+				 * copy up to "...git.host".
+				 */
+				const char *colon_ss = strstr(base,"://");
+				if (colon_ss) {
+					serverlen = (strchr(colon_ss + 3, '/')
+						     - base);
+					okay = 1;
+				}
+			} else if (!memcmp(data + i, "../", 3)) {
+				/*
+				 * Relative URL; chop the corresponding
+				 * number of subpath from base (and ../
+				 * from data), and concatenate the result.
+				 *
+				 * The code first drops ../ from data, and
+				 * then drops one ../ from data and one path
+				 * from base.  IOW, one extra ../ is dropped
+				 * from data than path is dropped from base.
+				 *
+				 * This is not wrong.  The alternate in
+				 *     http://git.host/pub/scm/linux.git/
+				 * to borrow from
+				 *     http://git.host/pub/scm/linus.git/
+				 * is ../../linus.git/objects/.  You need
+				 * two ../../ to borrow from your direct
+				 * neighbour.
+				 */
+				i += 3;
+				serverlen = strlen(base);
+				while (i + 2 < posn &&
+				       !memcmp(data + i, "../", 3)) {
+					do {
+						serverlen--;
+					} while (serverlen &&
+						 base[serverlen - 1] != '/');
+					i += 3;
+				}
+				/* If the server got removed, give up. */
+				okay = strchr(base, ':') - base + 3 <
+				       serverlen;
+			} else if (alt_req->http_specific) {
+				char *colon = strchr(data + i, ':');
+				char *slash = strchr(data + i, '/');
+				if (colon && slash && colon < data + posn &&
+				    slash < data + posn && colon < slash) {
+					okay = 1;
+				}
+			}
+			/* skip "objects\n" at end */
+			if (okay) {
+				target = xmalloc(serverlen + posn - i - 6);
+				memcpy(target, base, serverlen);
+				memcpy(target + serverlen, data + i,
+				       posn - i - 7);
+				target[serverlen + posn - i - 7] = 0;
+				if (walker->get_verbosely)
+					fprintf(stderr,
+						"Also look at %s\n", target);
+				newalt = xmalloc(sizeof(*newalt));
+				newalt->next = NULL;
+				newalt->base = target;
+				newalt->got_indices = 0;
+				newalt->packs = NULL;
+
+				while (tail->next != NULL)
+					tail = tail->next;
+				tail->next = newalt;
+			}
+		}
+		i = posn + 1;
+	}
+
+	cdata->got_alternates = 1;
+}
+
+static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
+{
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *url;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct alternates_request alt_req;
+	struct walker_data *cdata = walker->data;
+
+	/*
+	 * If another request has already started fetching alternates,
+	 * wait for them to arrive and return to processing this request's
+	 * curl message
+	 */
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	while (cdata->got_alternates == 0) {
+		step_active_slots();
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Nothing to do if they've already been fetched */
+	if (cdata->got_alternates == 1)
+		return;
+
+	/* Start the fetch */
+	cdata->got_alternates = 0;
+
+	if (walker->get_verbosely)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Getting alternates list for %s\n", base);
+
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(base) + 31);
+	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/info/http-alternates", base);
+
+	/*
+	 * Use a callback to process the result, since another request
+	 * may fail and need to have alternates loaded before continuing
+	 */
+	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot->callback_func = process_alternates_response;
+	alt_req.walker = walker;
+	slot->callback_data = &alt_req;
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+
+	alt_req.base = base;
+	alt_req.url = url;
+	alt_req.buffer = &buffer;
+	alt_req.http_specific = 1;
+	alt_req.slot = slot;
+
+	if (start_active_slot(slot))
+		run_active_slot(slot);
+	else
+		cdata->got_alternates = -1;
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	free(url);
+}
+
+static int fetch_indices(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (repo->got_indices)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (walker->get_verbosely)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack list for %s\n", repo->base);
+
+	switch (http_get_info_packs(repo->base, &repo->packs)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		repo->got_indices = 1;
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		repo->got_indices = 0;
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int fetch_pack(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct packed_git *target;
+	int ret;
+	struct slot_results results;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
+
+	if (fetch_indices(walker, repo))
+		return -1;
+	target = find_sha1_pack(sha1, repo->packs);
+	if (!target)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (walker->get_verbosely) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack %s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+		fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+
+	preq = new_http_pack_request(target, repo->base);
+	if (preq == NULL)
+		goto abort;
+	preq->lst = &repo->packs;
+	preq->slot->results = &results;
+
+	if (start_active_slot(preq->slot)) {
+		run_active_slot(preq->slot);
+		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+			error("Unable to get pack file %s\n%s", preq->url,
+			      curl_errorstr);
+			goto abort;
+		}
+	} else {
+		error("Unable to start request");
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	ret = finish_http_pack_request(preq);
+	release_http_pack_request(preq);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	return 0;
+
+abort:
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void abort_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
+{
+	release_object_request(obj_req);
+}
+
+static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct object_request *obj_req = object_queue_head;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
+
+	while (obj_req != NULL && hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, sha1))
+		obj_req = obj_req->next;
+	if (obj_req == NULL)
+		return error("Couldn't find request for %s in the queue", hex);
+
+	if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1)) {
+		if (obj_req->req != NULL)
+			abort_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
+		abort_object_request(obj_req);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	while (obj_req->state == WAITING)
+		step_active_slots();
+#else
+	start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
+#endif
+
+	/*
+	 * obj_req->req might change when fetching alternates in the callback
+	 * process_object_response; therefore, the "shortcut" variable, req,
+	 * is used only after we're done with slots.
+	 */
+	while (obj_req->state == ACTIVE)
+		run_active_slot(obj_req->req->slot);
+
+	req = obj_req->req;
+
+	if (req->localfile != -1) {
+		close(req->localfile);
+		req->localfile = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (obj_req->state == ABORTED) {
+		ret = error("Request for %s aborted", hex);
+	} else if (req->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
+		   req->http_code != 416) {
+		if (missing_target(req))
+			ret = -1; /* Be silent, it is probably in a pack. */
+		else
+			ret = error("%s (curl_result = %d, http_code = %ld, sha1 = %s)",
+				    req->errorstr, req->curl_result,
+				    req->http_code, hex);
+	} else if (req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
+		walker->corrupt_object_found++;
+		ret = error("File %s (%s) corrupt", hex, req->url);
+	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, req->real_sha1)) {
+		ret = error("File %s has bad hash", hex);
+	} else if (req->rename < 0) {
+		ret = error("unable to write sha1 filename %s",
+			    req->filename);
+	}
+
+	release_http_object_request(req);
+	release_object_request(obj_req);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int fetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
+	struct alt_base *altbase = data->alt;
+
+	if (!fetch_object(walker, altbase, sha1))
+		return 0;
+	while (altbase) {
+		if (!fetch_pack(walker, altbase, sha1))
+			return 0;
+		fetch_alternates(walker, data->alt->base);
+		altbase = altbase->next;
+	}
+	return error("Unable to find %s under %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
+		     data->alt->base);
+}
+
+static int fetch_ref(struct walker *walker, struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
+	return http_fetch_ref(data->alt->base, ref);
+}
+
+static void cleanup(struct walker *walker)
+{
+	http_cleanup();
+}
+
+struct walker *get_http_walker(const char *url, struct remote *remote)
+{
+	char *s;
+	struct walker_data *data = xmalloc(sizeof(struct walker_data));
+	struct walker *walker = xmalloc(sizeof(struct walker));
+
+	http_init(remote);
+
+	data->alt = xmalloc(sizeof(*data->alt));
+	data->alt->base = xmalloc(strlen(url) + 1);
+	strcpy(data->alt->base, url);
+	for (s = data->alt->base + strlen(data->alt->base) - 1; *s == '/'; --s)
+		*s = 0;
+
+	data->alt->got_indices = 0;
+	data->alt->packs = NULL;
+	data->alt->next = NULL;
+	data->got_alternates = -1;
+
+	walker->corrupt_object_found = 0;
+	walker->fetch = fetch;
+	walker->fetch_ref = fetch_ref;
+	walker->prefetch = prefetch;
+	walker->cleanup = cleanup;
+	walker->data = data;
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	add_fill_function(walker, (int (*)(void *)) fill_active_slot);
+#endif
+
+	return walker;
+}
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index 576740feff..a2720d576d 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -1,63 +1,97 @@
 #include "http.h"
+#include "pack.h"
 
 int data_received;
-int active_requests = 0;
+int active_requests;
+int http_is_verbose;
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-int max_requests = -1;
-CURLM *curlm;
+static int max_requests = -1;
+static CURLM *curlm;
 #endif
 #ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
-CURL *curl_default;
+static CURL *curl_default;
 #endif
+
+#define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
+#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
+
 char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
-int curl_ssl_verify = -1;
-char *ssl_cert = NULL;
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-char *ssl_key = NULL;
+static int curl_ssl_verify = -1;
+static const char *ssl_cert;
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+static const char *ssl_key;
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-char *ssl_capath = NULL;
+static const char *ssl_capath;
+#endif
+static const char *ssl_cainfo;
+static long curl_low_speed_limit = -1;
+static long curl_low_speed_time = -1;
+static int curl_ftp_no_epsv;
+static const char *curl_http_proxy;
+static char *user_name, *user_pass;
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071700
+/* Use CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD as is */
+#elif LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+#define CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD CURLOPT_SSLKEYPASSWD
+#else
+#define CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD
 #endif
-char *ssl_cainfo = NULL;
-long curl_low_speed_limit = -1;
-long curl_low_speed_time = -1;
-int curl_ftp_no_epsv = 0;
 
-struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
+static char *ssl_cert_password;
+static int ssl_cert_password_required;
 
-struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head = NULL;
+static struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
+static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
 
-size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			   struct buffer *buffer)
+static struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head;
+
+size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
 {
 	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	if (size > buffer->size - buffer->posn)
-		size = buffer->size - buffer->posn;
-	memcpy(ptr, (char *) buffer->buffer + buffer->posn, size);
+	struct buffer *buffer = buffer_;
+
+	if (size > buffer->buf.len - buffer->posn)
+		size = buffer->buf.len - buffer->posn;
+	memcpy(ptr, buffer->buf.buf + buffer->posn, size);
 	buffer->posn += size;
+
 	return size;
 }
 
-size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
-			    size_t nmemb, struct buffer *buffer)
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+curlioerr ioctl_buffer(CURL *handle, int cmd, void *clientp)
 {
-	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	if (size > buffer->size - buffer->posn) {
-		buffer->size = buffer->size * 3 / 2;
-		if (buffer->size < buffer->posn + size)
-			buffer->size = buffer->posn + size;
-		buffer->buffer = xrealloc(buffer->buffer, buffer->size);
+	struct buffer *buffer = clientp;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case CURLIOCMD_NOP:
+		return CURLIOE_OK;
+
+	case CURLIOCMD_RESTARTREAD:
+		buffer->posn = 0;
+		return CURLIOE_OK;
+
+	default:
+		return CURLIOE_UNKNOWNCMD;
 	}
-	memcpy((char *) buffer->buffer + buffer->posn, ptr, size);
-	buffer->posn += size;
+}
+#endif
+
+size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
+{
+	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
+	struct strbuf *buffer = buffer_;
+
+	strbuf_add(buffer, ptr, size);
 	data_received++;
 	return size;
 }
 
-size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
-			  size_t nmemb, struct buffer *buffer)
+size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf)
 {
 	data_received++;
 	return eltsize * nmemb;
@@ -95,64 +129,41 @@ static void process_curl_messages(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslverify", var)) {
-		if (curl_ssl_verify == -1) {
-			curl_ssl_verify = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcert", var)) {
-		if (ssl_cert == NULL) {
-			ssl_cert = xmalloc(strlen(value)+1);
-			strcpy(ssl_cert, value);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslkey", var)) {
-		if (ssl_key == NULL) {
-			ssl_key = xmalloc(strlen(value)+1);
-			strcpy(ssl_key, value);
-		}
+		curl_ssl_verify = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcert", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_cert, var, value);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslkey", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_key, var, value);
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcapath", var)) {
-		if (ssl_capath == NULL) {
-			ssl_capath = xmalloc(strlen(value)+1);
-			strcpy(ssl_capath, value);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcapath", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_capath, var, value);
 #endif
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcainfo", var)) {
-		if (ssl_cainfo == NULL) {
-			ssl_cainfo = xmalloc(strlen(value)+1);
-			strcpy(ssl_cainfo, value);
-		}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcainfo", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_cainfo, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcertpasswordprotected", var)) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			ssl_cert_password_required = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
-
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI	
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	if (!strcmp("http.maxrequests", var)) {
-		if (max_requests == -1)
-			max_requests = git_config_int(var, value);
+		max_requests = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 #endif
-
 	if (!strcmp("http.lowspeedlimit", var)) {
-		if (curl_low_speed_limit == -1)
-			curl_low_speed_limit = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
+		curl_low_speed_limit = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp("http.lowspeedtime", var)) {
-		if (curl_low_speed_time == -1)
-			curl_low_speed_time = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
+		curl_low_speed_time = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -160,23 +171,66 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value)
 		curl_ftp_no_epsv = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.proxy", var))
+		return git_config_string(&curl_http_proxy, var, value);
 
 	/* Fall back on the default ones */
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static CURL* get_curl_handle(void)
+static void init_curl_http_auth(CURL *result)
 {
-	CURL* result = curl_easy_init();
+	if (user_name) {
+		struct strbuf up = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (!user_pass)
+			user_pass = xstrdup(getpass("Password: "));
+		strbuf_addf(&up, "%s:%s", user_name, user_pass);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERPWD,
+				 strbuf_detach(&up, NULL));
+	}
+}
+
+static int has_cert_password(void)
+{
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL)
+		return 1;
+	if (ssl_cert == NULL || ssl_cert_password_required != 1)
+		return 0;
+	/* Only prompt the user once. */
+	ssl_cert_password_required = -1;
+	ssl_cert_password = getpass("Certificate Password: ");
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
+		ssl_cert_password = xstrdup(ssl_cert_password);
+		return 1;
+	} else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
+{
+	CURL *result = curl_easy_init();
+
+	if (!curl_ssl_verify) {
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);
+	} else {
+		/* Verify authenticity of the peer's certificate */
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 1);
+		/* The name in the cert must match whom we tried to connect */
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
+	}
 
-	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, curl_ssl_verify);
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070907
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_NETRC, CURL_NETRC_OPTIONAL);
 #endif
 
+	init_curl_http_auth(result);
+
 	if (ssl_cert != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, ssl_cert);
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
+	if (has_cert_password())
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD, ssl_cert_password);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 	if (ssl_key != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLKEY, ssl_key);
 #endif
@@ -205,17 +259,75 @@ static CURL* get_curl_handle(void)
 	if (curl_ftp_no_epsv)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPSV, 0);
 
+	if (curl_http_proxy)
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, curl_http_proxy);
+
 	return result;
 }
 
-void http_init(void)
+static void http_auth_init(const char *url)
+{
+	char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash;
+	int len;
+
+	cp = strstr(url, "://");
+	if (!cp)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ok, the URL looks like "proto://something".  Which one?
+	 * "proto://<user>:<pass>@<host>/...",
+	 * "proto://<user>@<host>/...", or just
+	 * "proto://<host>/..."?
+	 */
+	cp += 3;
+	at = strchr(cp, '@');
+	colon = strchr(cp, ':');
+	slash = strchrnul(cp, '/');
+	if (!at || slash <= at)
+		return; /* No credentials */
+	if (!colon || at <= colon) {
+		/* Only username */
+		len = at - cp;
+		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
+		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		user_pass = NULL;
+	} else {
+		len = colon - cp;
+		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
+		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		len = at - (colon + 1);
+		user_pass = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_pass, colon + 1, len);
+		user_pass[len] = '\0';
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_from_env(const char **var, const char *envname)
+{
+	const char *val = getenv(envname);
+	if (val)
+		*var = val;
+}
+
+void http_init(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	char *low_speed_limit;
 	char *low_speed_time;
 
+	http_is_verbose = 0;
+
+	git_config(http_options, NULL);
+
 	curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
 
+	if (remote && remote->http_proxy)
+		curl_http_proxy = xstrdup(remote->http_proxy);
+
 	pragma_header = curl_slist_append(pragma_header, "Pragma: no-cache");
+	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	{
@@ -234,14 +346,14 @@ void http_init(void)
 	if (getenv("GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY"))
 		curl_ssl_verify = 0;
 
-	ssl_cert = getenv("GIT_SSL_CERT");
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-	ssl_key = getenv("GIT_SSL_KEY");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_cert, "GIT_SSL_CERT");
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+	set_from_env(&ssl_key, "GIT_SSL_KEY");
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-	ssl_capath = getenv("GIT_SSL_CAPATH");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_capath, "GIT_SSL_CAPATH");
 #endif
-	ssl_cainfo = getenv("GIT_SSL_CAINFO");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_cainfo, "GIT_SSL_CAINFO");
 
 	low_speed_limit = getenv("GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT");
 	if (low_speed_limit != NULL)
@@ -250,8 +362,6 @@ void http_init(void)
 	if (low_speed_time != NULL)
 		curl_low_speed_time = strtol(low_speed_time, NULL, 10);
 
-	git_config(http_options);
-
 	if (curl_ssl_verify == -1)
 		curl_ssl_verify = 1;
 
@@ -263,6 +373,14 @@ void http_init(void)
 	if (getenv("GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV"))
 		curl_ftp_no_epsv = 1;
 
+	if (remote && remote->url && remote->url[0]) {
+		http_auth_init(remote->url[0]);
+		if (!ssl_cert_password_required &&
+		    getenv("GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED") &&
+		    !prefixcmp(remote->url[0], "https://"))
+			ssl_cert_password_required = 1;
+	}
+
 #ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
 	curl_default = get_curl_handle();
 #endif
@@ -271,24 +389,19 @@ void http_init(void)
 void http_cleanup(void)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot = active_queue_head;
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	char *wait_url;
-#endif
 
 	while (slot != NULL) {
+		struct active_request_slot *next = slot->next;
+		if (slot->curl != NULL) {
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-		if (slot->in_use) {
-			curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl,
-					  CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL,
-					  &wait_url);
-			fprintf(stderr, "Waiting for %s\n", wait_url);
-			run_active_slot(slot);
-		}
+			curl_multi_remove_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
 #endif
-		if (slot->curl != NULL)
 			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
-		slot = slot->next;
+		}
+		free(slot);
+		slot = next;
 	}
+	active_queue_head = NULL;
 
 #ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
 	curl_easy_cleanup(curl_default);
@@ -300,6 +413,22 @@ void http_cleanup(void)
 	curl_global_cleanup();
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(pragma_header);
+	pragma_header = NULL;
+
+	curl_slist_free_all(no_pragma_header);
+	no_pragma_header = NULL;
+
+	if (curl_http_proxy) {
+		free((void *)curl_http_proxy);
+		curl_http_proxy = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
+		memset(ssl_cert_password, 0, strlen(ssl_cert_password));
+		free(ssl_cert_password);
+		ssl_cert_password = NULL;
+	}
+	ssl_cert_password_required = 0;
 }
 
 struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
@@ -313,15 +442,14 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 	/* Wait for a slot to open up if the queue is full */
 	while (active_requests >= max_requests) {
 		curl_multi_perform(curlm, &num_transfers);
-		if (num_transfers < active_requests) {
+		if (num_transfers < active_requests)
 			process_curl_messages();
-		}
 	}
 #endif
 
-	while (slot != NULL && slot->in_use) {
+	while (slot != NULL && slot->in_use)
 		slot = slot->next;
-	}
+
 	if (slot == NULL) {
 		newslot = xmalloc(sizeof(*newslot));
 		newslot->curl = NULL;
@@ -332,9 +460,8 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 		if (slot == NULL) {
 			active_queue_head = newslot;
 		} else {
-			while (slot->next != NULL) {
+			while (slot->next != NULL)
 				slot = slot->next;
-			}
 			slot->next = newslot;
 		}
 		slot = newslot;
@@ -355,7 +482,6 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 	slot->finished = NULL;
 	slot->callback_data = NULL;
 	slot->callback_func = NULL;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, pragma_header);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, curl_errorstr);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, NULL);
@@ -371,6 +497,7 @@ int start_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	CURLMcode curlm_result = curl_multi_add_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
+	int num_transfers;
 
 	if (curlm_result != CURLM_OK &&
 	    curlm_result != CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM) {
@@ -378,11 +505,60 @@ int start_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 		slot->in_use = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We know there must be something to do, since we just added
+	 * something.
+	 */
+	curl_multi_perform(curlm, &num_transfers);
 #endif
 	return 1;
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+struct fill_chain {
+	void *data;
+	int (*fill)(void *);
+	struct fill_chain *next;
+};
+
+static struct fill_chain *fill_cfg;
+
+void add_fill_function(void *data, int (*fill)(void *))
+{
+	struct fill_chain *new = xmalloc(sizeof(*new));
+	struct fill_chain **linkp = &fill_cfg;
+	new->data = data;
+	new->fill = fill;
+	new->next = NULL;
+	while (*linkp)
+		linkp = &(*linkp)->next;
+	*linkp = new;
+}
+
+void fill_active_slots(void)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot = active_queue_head;
+
+	while (active_requests < max_requests) {
+		struct fill_chain *fill;
+		for (fill = fill_cfg; fill; fill = fill->next)
+			if (fill->fill(fill->data))
+				break;
+
+		if (!fill)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	while (slot != NULL) {
+		if (!slot->in_use && slot->curl != NULL) {
+			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
+			slot->curl = NULL;
+		}
+		slot = slot->next;
+	}
+}
+
 void step_active_slots(void)
 {
 	int num_transfers;
@@ -443,8 +619,8 @@ void run_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 
 static void closedown_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
-        active_requests--;
-        slot->in_use = 0;
+	active_requests--;
+	slot->in_use = 0;
 }
 
 void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
@@ -465,7 +641,7 @@ void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
 	closedown_active_slot(slot);
-        curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE, &slot->http_code);
+	curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE, &slot->http_code);
 
 	if (slot->finished != NULL)
 		(*slot->finished) = 1;
@@ -476,10 +652,9 @@ static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 		slot->results->http_code = slot->http_code;
 	}
 
-        /* Run callback if appropriate */
-        if (slot->callback_func != NULL) {
-                slot->callback_func(slot->callback_data);
-        }
+	/* Run callback if appropriate */
+	if (slot->callback_func != NULL)
+		slot->callback_func(slot->callback_data);
 }
 
 void finish_all_active_slots(void)
@@ -494,3 +669,621 @@ void finish_all_active_slots(void)
 			slot = slot->next;
 		}
 }
+
+/* Helpers for modifying and creating URLs */
+static inline int needs_quote(int ch)
+{
+	if (((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'Z'))
+			|| ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'z'))
+			|| ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
+			|| (ch == '/')
+			|| (ch == '-')
+			|| (ch == '.'))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int hex(int v)
+{
+	if (v < 10)
+		return '0' + v;
+	else
+		return 'A' + v - 10;
+}
+
+static void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, url);
+	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, "/");
+}
+
+static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *cp;
+	int ch;
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base);
+
+	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++)
+		if (needs_quote(ch))
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%%%02x", ch);
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, *cp);
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
+			      const char *hex,
+			      int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s/objects/%.*s/", url, 2, hex);
+	if (!only_two_digit_prefix)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s", hex+2);
+}
+
+char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
+			    int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, url, hex, only_two_digit_prefix);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+/* http_request() targets */
+#define HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF	0
+#define HTTP_REQUEST_FILE	1
+
+static int http_request(const char *url, void *result, int target, int options)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct slot_results results;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot->results = &results;
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
+
+	if (result == NULL) {
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
+	} else {
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, result);
+
+		if (target == HTTP_REQUEST_FILE) {
+			long posn = ftell(result);
+			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
+					 fwrite);
+			if (posn > 0) {
+				strbuf_addf(&buf, "Range: bytes=%ld-", posn);
+				headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			}
+			slot->local = result;
+		} else
+			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
+					 fwrite_buffer);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Pragma:");
+	if (options & HTTP_NO_CACHE)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " no-cache");
+
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
+
+	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
+		run_active_slot(slot);
+		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK)
+			ret = HTTP_OK;
+		else if (missing_target(&results))
+			ret = HTTP_MISSING_TARGET;
+		else
+			ret = HTTP_ERROR;
+	} else {
+		error("Unable to start HTTP request for %s", url);
+		ret = HTTP_START_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	slot->local = NULL;
+	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_get_strbuf(const char *url, struct strbuf *result, int options)
+{
+	return http_request(url, result, HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF, options);
+}
+
+int http_get_file(const char *url, const char *filename, int options)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct strbuf tmpfile = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *result;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&tmpfile, "%s.temp", filename);
+	result = fopen(tmpfile.buf, "a");
+	if (! result) {
+		error("Unable to open local file %s", tmpfile.buf);
+		ret = HTTP_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	ret = http_request(url, result, HTTP_REQUEST_FILE, options);
+	fclose(result);
+
+	if ((ret == HTTP_OK) && move_temp_to_file(tmpfile.buf, filename))
+		ret = HTTP_ERROR;
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&tmpfile);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_error(const char *url, int ret)
+{
+	/* http_request has already handled HTTP_START_FAILED. */
+	if (ret != HTTP_START_FAILED)
+		error("%s while accessing %s\n", curl_errorstr, url);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref)
+{
+	char *url;
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	url = quote_ref_url(base, ref->name);
+	if (http_get_strbuf(url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE) == HTTP_OK) {
+		strbuf_rtrim(&buffer);
+		if (buffer.len == 40)
+			ret = get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, ref->old_sha1);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "ref: ")) {
+			ref->symref = xstrdup(buffer.buf + 5);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* Helpers for fetching packs */
+static int fetch_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *base_url)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	char *filename;
+	char *url;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* Don't use the index if the pack isn't there */
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "objects/pack/pack-%s.pack", hex);
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, 0);
+
+	if (http_get_strbuf(url, NULL, 0)) {
+		ret = error("Unable to verify pack %s is available",
+			    hex);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (has_pack_index(sha1)) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (http_is_verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "objects/pack/pack-%s.idx", hex);
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
+	if (http_get_file(url, filename, 0) != HTTP_OK)
+		ret = error("Unable to get pack index %s\n", url);
+
+cleanup:
+	free(hex);
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int fetch_and_setup_pack_index(struct packed_git **packs_head,
+	unsigned char *sha1, const char *base_url)
+{
+	struct packed_git *new_pack;
+
+	if (fetch_pack_index(sha1, base_url))
+		return -1;
+
+	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
+	if (!new_pack)
+		return -1; /* parse_pack_index() already issued error message */
+	new_pack->next = *packs_head;
+	*packs_head = new_pack;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url, struct packed_git **packs_head)
+{
+	int ret = 0, i = 0;
+	char *url, *data;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "objects/info/packs");
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	ret = http_get_strbuf(url, &buf, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+	if (ret != HTTP_OK)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	data = buf.buf;
+	while (i < buf.len) {
+		switch (data[i]) {
+		case 'P':
+			i++;
+			if (i + 52 <= buf.len &&
+			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
+			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
+				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
+				fetch_and_setup_pack_index(packs_head, sha1,
+						      base_url);
+				i += 51;
+				break;
+			}
+		default:
+			while (i < buf.len && data[i] != '\n')
+				i++;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
+{
+	if (preq->packfile != NULL) {
+		fclose(preq->packfile);
+		preq->packfile = NULL;
+		preq->slot->local = NULL;
+	}
+	if (preq->range_header != NULL) {
+		curl_slist_free_all(preq->range_header);
+		preq->range_header = NULL;
+	}
+	preq->slot = NULL;
+	free(preq->url);
+}
+
+int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct packed_git **lst;
+
+	preq->target->pack_size = ftell(preq->packfile);
+
+	if (preq->packfile != NULL) {
+		fclose(preq->packfile);
+		preq->packfile = NULL;
+		preq->slot->local = NULL;
+	}
+
+	ret = move_temp_to_file(preq->tmpfile, preq->filename);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	lst = preq->lst;
+	while (*lst != preq->target)
+		lst = &((*lst)->next);
+	*lst = (*lst)->next;
+
+	if (verify_pack(preq->target))
+		return -1;
+	install_packed_git(preq->target);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
+	struct packed_git *target, const char *base_url)
+{
+	char *url;
+	char *filename;
+	long prev_posn = 0;
+	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
+
+	preq = xmalloc(sizeof(*preq));
+	preq->target = target;
+	preq->range_header = NULL;
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "objects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
+		sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	preq->url = xstrdup(url);
+
+	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
+	snprintf(preq->filename, sizeof(preq->filename), "%s", filename);
+	snprintf(preq->tmpfile, sizeof(preq->tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
+	preq->packfile = fopen(preq->tmpfile, "a");
+	if (!preq->packfile) {
+		error("Unable to open local file %s for pack",
+		      preq->tmpfile);
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	preq->slot = get_active_slot();
+	preq->slot->local = preq->packfile;
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, preq->packfile);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,
+		no_pragma_header);
+
+	/*
+	 * If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
+	 * resume where it left off
+	 */
+	prev_posn = ftell(preq->packfile);
+	if (prev_posn>0) {
+		if (http_is_verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
+		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
+		preq->range_header = curl_slist_append(NULL, range);
+		curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,
+			preq->range_header);
+	}
+
+	return preq;
+
+abort:
+	free(filename);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Helpers for fetching objects (loose) */
+static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
+			       void *data)
+{
+	unsigned char expn[4096];
+	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
+	int posn = 0;
+	struct http_object_request *freq =
+		(struct http_object_request *)data;
+	do {
+		ssize_t retval = xwrite(freq->localfile,
+					(char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
+		if (retval < 0)
+			return posn;
+		posn += retval;
+	} while (posn < size);
+
+	freq->stream.avail_in = size;
+	freq->stream.next_in = ptr;
+	do {
+		freq->stream.next_out = expn;
+		freq->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
+		freq->zret = git_inflate(&freq->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&freq->c, expn,
+				sizeof(expn) - freq->stream.avail_out);
+	} while (freq->stream.avail_in && freq->zret == Z_OK);
+	data_received++;
+	return size;
+}
+
+struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
+	unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	char *filename;
+	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
+	char *url;
+	int prevlocal;
+	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
+	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
+	long prev_posn = 0;
+	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
+	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
+	struct http_object_request *freq;
+
+	freq = xmalloc(sizeof(*freq));
+	hashcpy(freq->sha1, sha1);
+	freq->localfile = -1;
+
+	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
+	snprintf(freq->filename, sizeof(freq->filename), "%s", filename);
+	snprintf(freq->tmpfile, sizeof(freq->tmpfile),
+		 "%s.temp", filename);
+
+	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", filename);
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
+	rename(freq->tmpfile, prevfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+
+	if (freq->localfile != -1)
+		error("fd leakage in start: %d", freq->localfile);
+	freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+			       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	/*
+	 * This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
+	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
+	 */
+	if (freq->localfile < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
+		char *dir = strrchr(freq->tmpfile, '/');
+		if (dir) {
+			*dir = 0;
+			mkdir(freq->tmpfile, 0777);
+			*dir = '/';
+		}
+		freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+				       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	}
+
+	if (freq->localfile < 0) {
+		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
+		      freq->tmpfile, freq->filename, strerror(errno));
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	memset(&freq->stream, 0, sizeof(freq->stream));
+
+	git_inflate_init(&freq->stream);
+
+	git_SHA1_Init(&freq->c);
+
+	url = get_remote_object_url(base_url, hex, 0);
+	freq->url = xstrdup(url);
+
+	/*
+	 * If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
+	 * fetched.
+	 */
+	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
+	if (prevlocal != -1) {
+		do {
+			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
+			if (prev_read>0) {
+				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
+						     1,
+						     prev_read,
+						     freq) == prev_read) {
+					prev_posn += prev_read;
+				} else {
+					prev_read = -1;
+				}
+			}
+		} while (prev_read > 0);
+		close(prevlocal);
+	}
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
+
+	/*
+	 * Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
+	 * file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file.
+	 */
+	if (prev_read == -1) {
+		memset(&freq->stream, 0, sizeof(freq->stream));
+		git_inflate_init(&freq->stream);
+		git_SHA1_Init(&freq->c);
+		if (prev_posn>0) {
+			prev_posn = 0;
+			lseek(freq->localfile, 0, SEEK_SET);
+			ftruncate(freq->localfile, 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	freq->slot = get_active_slot();
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, freq);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, freq->errorstr);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
+	 * attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have.
+	 */
+	if (prev_posn>0) {
+		if (http_is_verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
+				hex, prev_posn);
+		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
+		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
+		curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl,
+				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
+	}
+
+	return freq;
+
+	free(url);
+abort:
+	free(filename);
+	free(freq);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void process_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	if (freq->slot == NULL)
+		return;
+	freq->curl_result = freq->slot->curl_result;
+	freq->http_code = freq->slot->http_code;
+	freq->slot = NULL;
+}
+
+int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	close(freq->localfile);
+	freq->localfile = -1;
+
+	process_http_object_request(freq);
+
+	if (freq->http_code == 416) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
+	} else if (freq->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+		if (stat(freq->tmpfile, &st) == 0)
+			if (st.st_size == 0)
+				unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	git_inflate_end(&freq->stream);
+	git_SHA1_Final(freq->real_sha1, &freq->c);
+	if (freq->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (hashcmp(freq->sha1, freq->real_sha1)) {
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	freq->rename =
+		move_temp_to_file(freq->tmpfile, freq->filename);
+
+	return freq->rename;
+}
+
+void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+
+	release_http_object_request(freq);
+}
+
+void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	if (freq->localfile != -1) {
+		close(freq->localfile);
+		freq->localfile = -1;
+	}
+	if (freq->url != NULL) {
+		free(freq->url);
+		freq->url = NULL;
+	}
+	freq->slot = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 324fcf4f54..4c4e99c2f6 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -6,7 +6,18 @@
 #include <curl/curl.h>
 #include <curl/easy.h>
 
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+
+/*
+ * We detect based on the cURL version if multi-transfer is
+ * usable in this implementation and define this symbol accordingly.
+ * This is not something Makefile should set nor users should pass
+ * via CFLAGS.
+ */
+#undef USE_CURL_MULTI
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071000
 #define USE_CURL_MULTI
 #define DEFAULT_MAX_REQUESTS 5
 #endif
@@ -26,6 +37,10 @@
 #define CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR CURLE_HTTP_NOT_FOUND
 #endif
 
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM < 0x070c03
+#define NO_CURL_IOCTL
+#endif
+
 struct slot_results
 {
 	CURLcode curl_result;
@@ -48,18 +63,17 @@ struct active_request_slot
 
 struct buffer
 {
-        size_t posn;
-        size_t size;
-        void *buffer;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	size_t posn;
 };
 
 /* Curl request read/write callbacks */
-extern size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			   struct buffer *buffer);
-extern size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
-			    size_t nmemb, struct buffer *buffer);
-extern size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
-			  size_t nmemb, struct buffer *buffer);
+extern size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
+extern size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
+extern size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+extern curlioerr ioctl_buffer(CURL *handle, int cmd, void *clientp);
+#endif
 
 /* Slot lifecycle functions */
 extern struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void);
@@ -70,39 +84,116 @@ extern void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 extern void fill_active_slots(void);
+extern void add_fill_function(void *data, int (*fill)(void *));
 extern void step_active_slots(void);
 #endif
 
-extern void http_init(void);
+extern void http_init(struct remote *remote);
 extern void http_cleanup(void);
 
 extern int data_received;
 extern int active_requests;
+extern int http_is_verbose;
 
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-extern int max_requests;
-extern CURLM *curlm;
-#endif
-#ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
-extern CURL *curl_default;
-#endif
 extern char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
-extern int curl_ssl_verify;
-extern char *ssl_cert;
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-extern char *ssl_key;
-#endif
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-extern char *ssl_capath;
-#endif
-extern char *ssl_cainfo;
-extern long curl_low_speed_limit;
-extern long curl_low_speed_time;
+static inline int missing__target(int code, int result)
+{
+	return	/* file:// URL -- do we ever use one??? */
+		(result == CURLE_FILE_COULDNT_READ_FILE) ||
+		/* http:// and https:// URL */
+		(code == 404 && result == CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR) ||
+		/* ftp:// URL */
+		(code == 550 && result == CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE)
+		;
+}
+
+#define missing_target(a) missing__target((a)->http_code, (a)->curl_result)
+
+/* Helpers for modifying and creating URLs */
+extern void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
+				     const char *hex,
+				     int only_two_digit_prefix);
+extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
+				   int only_two_digit_prefix);
+
+/* Options for http_request_*() */
+#define HTTP_NO_CACHE		1
+
+/* Return values for http_request_*() */
+#define HTTP_OK			0
+#define HTTP_MISSING_TARGET	1
+#define HTTP_ERROR		2
+#define HTTP_START_FAILED	3
+
+/*
+ * Requests an url and stores the result in a strbuf.
+ *
+ * If the result pointer is NULL, a HTTP HEAD request is made instead of GET.
+ */
+int http_get_strbuf(const char *url, struct strbuf *result, int options);
+
+/*
+ * Downloads an url and stores the result in the given file.
+ *
+ * If a previous interrupted download is detected (i.e. a previous temporary
+ * file is still around) the download is resumed.
+ */
+int http_get_file(const char *url, const char *filename, int options);
+
+/*
+ * Prints an error message using error() containing url and curl_errorstr,
+ * and returns ret.
+ */
+int http_error(const char *url, int ret);
+
+extern int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref);
+
+/* Helpers for fetching packs */
+extern int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url,
+	struct packed_git **packs_head);
+
+struct http_pack_request
+{
+	char *url;
+	struct packed_git *target;
+	struct packed_git **lst;
+	FILE *packfile;
+	char filename[PATH_MAX];
+	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	struct curl_slist *range_header;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+};
+
+extern struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
+	struct packed_git *target, const char *base_url);
+extern int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
+extern void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
 
-extern struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
-extern struct curl_slist *no_range_header;
+/* Helpers for fetching object */
+struct http_object_request
+{
+	char *url;
+	char filename[PATH_MAX];
+	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	int localfile;
+	CURLcode curl_result;
+	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
+	long http_code;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	z_stream stream;
+	int zret;
+	int rename;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+};
 
-extern struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head;
+extern struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(
+	const char *base_url, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern void process_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
 
 #endif /* HTTP_H */
diff --git a/ident.c b/ident.c
index bb03bddd34..99f1c85ea5 100644
--- a/ident.c
+++ b/ident.c
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 
 static char git_default_date[50];
 
-static void copy_gecos(struct passwd *w, char *name, int sz)
+static void copy_gecos(const struct passwd *w, char *name, size_t sz)
 {
 	char *src, *dst;
-	int len, nlen;
+	size_t len, nlen;
 
 	nlen = strlen(w->pw_name);
 
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ static void copy_gecos(struct passwd *w, char *name, int sz)
 
 }
 
-static void copy_email(struct passwd *pw)
+static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Make up a fake email address
 	 * (name + '@' + hostname [+ '.' + domainname])
 	 */
-	int len = strlen(pw->pw_name);
+	size_t len = strlen(pw->pw_name);
 	if (len > sizeof(git_default_email)/2)
 		die("Your sysadmin must hate you!");
 	memcpy(git_default_email, pw->pw_name, len);
@@ -83,11 +83,18 @@ static void setup_ident(void)
 	}
 
 	if (!git_default_email[0]) {
-		if (!pw)
-			pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-		if (!pw)
-			die("You don't exist. Go away!");
-		copy_email(pw);
+		const char *email = getenv("EMAIL");
+
+		if (email && email[0])
+			strlcpy(git_default_email, email,
+				sizeof(git_default_email));
+		else {
+			if (!pw)
+				pw = getpwuid(getuid());
+			if (!pw)
+				die("You don't exist. Go away!");
+			copy_email(pw);
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* And set the default date */
@@ -95,9 +102,9 @@ static void setup_ident(void)
 		datestamp(git_default_date, sizeof(git_default_date));
 }
 
-static int add_raw(char *buf, int size, int offset, const char *str)
+static int add_raw(char *buf, size_t size, int offset, const char *str)
 {
-	int len = strlen(str);
+	size_t len = strlen(str);
 	if (offset + len > size)
 		return size;
 	memcpy(buf + offset, str, len);
@@ -106,34 +113,25 @@ static int add_raw(char *buf, int size, int offset, const char *str)
 
 static int crud(unsigned char c)
 {
-	static char crud_array[256];
-	static int crud_array_initialized = 0;
-
-	if (!crud_array_initialized) {
-		int k;
-
-		for (k = 0; k <= 31; ++k) crud_array[k] = 1;
-		crud_array[' '] = 1;
-		crud_array['.'] = 1;
-		crud_array[','] = 1;
-		crud_array[':'] = 1;
-		crud_array[';'] = 1;
-		crud_array['<'] = 1;
-		crud_array['>'] = 1;
-		crud_array['"'] = 1;
-		crud_array['\''] = 1;
-		crud_array_initialized = 1;
-	}
-	return crud_array[c];
+	return  c <= 32  ||
+		c == '.' ||
+		c == ',' ||
+		c == ':' ||
+		c == ';' ||
+		c == '<' ||
+		c == '>' ||
+		c == '"' ||
+		c == '\\' ||
+		c == '\'';
 }
 
 /*
  * Copy over a string to the destination, but avoid special
  * characters ('\n', '<' and '>') and remove crud at the end
  */
-static int copy(char *buf, int size, int offset, const char *src)
+static int copy(char *buf, size_t size, int offset, const char *src)
 {
-	int i, len;
+	size_t i, len;
 	unsigned char c;
 
 	/* Remove crud from the beginning.. */
@@ -155,7 +153,7 @@ static int copy(char *buf, int size, int offset, const char *src)
 	/*
 	 * Copy the rest to the buffer, but avoid the special
 	 * characters '\n' '<' and '>' that act as delimiters on
-	 * a identification line
+	 * an identification line
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		c = *src++;
@@ -174,23 +172,26 @@ static const char au_env[] = "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME";
 static const char co_env[] = "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME";
 static const char *env_hint =
 "\n"
-"*** Your name cannot be determined from your system services (gecos).\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
 "\n"
 "Run\n"
 "\n"
-"  git config user.email \"you@email.com\"\n"
-"  git config user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
 "\n"
-"To set the identity in this repository.\n"
-"Add --global to set your account\'s default\n"
+"to set your account\'s default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
 "\n";
 
 const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
-		      const char *date_str, int error_on_no_name)
+		      const char *date_str, int flag)
 {
 	static char buffer[1000];
 	char date[50];
 	int i;
+	int error_on_no_name = (flag & IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+	int warn_on_no_name = (flag & IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME);
+	int name_addr_only = (flag & IDENT_NO_DATE);
 
 	setup_ident();
 	if (!name)
@@ -201,12 +202,12 @@ const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 	if (!*name) {
 		struct passwd *pw;
 
-		if (0 <= error_on_no_name &&
+		if ((warn_on_no_name || error_on_no_name) &&
 		    name == git_default_name && env_hint) {
 			fprintf(stderr, env_hint, au_env, co_env);
-			env_hint = NULL; /* warn only once, for "git-var -l" */
+			env_hint = NULL; /* warn only once, for "git var -l" */
 		}
-		if (0 < error_on_no_name)
+		if (error_on_no_name)
 			die("empty ident %s <%s> not allowed", name, email);
 		pw = getpwuid(getuid());
 		if (!pw)
@@ -217,32 +218,44 @@ const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 	}
 
 	strcpy(date, git_default_date);
-	if (date_str)
+	if (!name_addr_only && date_str)
 		parse_date(date_str, date, sizeof(date));
 
 	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, name);
 	i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, " <");
 	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, email);
-	i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, "> ");
-	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, date);
+	if (!name_addr_only) {
+		i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i,  "> ");
+		i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, date);
+	} else {
+		i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, ">");
+	}
 	if (i >= sizeof(buffer))
 		die("Impossibly long personal identifier");
 	buffer[i] = 0;
 	return buffer;
 }
 
-const char *git_author_info(int error_on_no_name)
+const char *fmt_name(const char *name, const char *email)
+{
+	return fmt_ident(name, email, NULL, IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME | IDENT_NO_DATE);
+}
+
+const char *git_author_info(int flag)
 {
 	return fmt_ident(getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME"),
 			 getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"),
 			 getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"),
-			 error_on_no_name);
+			 flag);
 }
 
-const char *git_committer_info(int error_on_no_name)
+const char *git_committer_info(int flag)
 {
+	if (getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME") &&
+	    getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"))
+		user_ident_explicitly_given = 1;
 	return fmt_ident(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
 			 getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"),
 			 getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_DATE"),
-			 error_on_no_name);
+			 flag);
 }
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index 84df2fabb7..3847fd151d 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -23,71 +23,75 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#ifdef NO_OPENSSL
+typedef void *SSL;
+#endif
 
-typedef struct store_conf {
+struct store_conf {
 	char *name;
 	const char *path; /* should this be here? its interpretation is driver-specific */
 	char *map_inbox;
 	char *trash;
 	unsigned max_size; /* off_t is overkill */
 	unsigned trash_remote_new:1, trash_only_new:1;
-} store_conf_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct string_list {
+struct string_list {
 	struct string_list *next;
 	char string[1];
-} string_list_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct channel_conf {
+struct channel_conf {
 	struct channel_conf *next;
 	char *name;
-	store_conf_t *master, *slave;
+	struct store_conf *master, *slave;
 	char *master_name, *slave_name;
 	char *sync_state;
-	string_list_t *patterns;
+	struct string_list *patterns;
 	int mops, sops;
 	unsigned max_messages; /* for slave only */
-} channel_conf_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct group_conf {
+struct group_conf {
 	struct group_conf *next;
 	char *name;
-	string_list_t *channels;
-} group_conf_t;
+	struct string_list *channels;
+};
 
 /* For message->status */
 #define M_RECENT       (1<<0) /* unsyncable flag; maildir_* depend on this being 1<<0 */
 #define M_DEAD         (1<<1) /* expunged */
 #define M_FLAGS        (1<<2) /* flags fetched */
 
-typedef struct message {
+struct message {
 	struct message *next;
-	/* string_list_t *keywords; */
+	/* struct string_list *keywords; */
 	size_t size; /* zero implies "not fetched" */
 	int uid;
 	unsigned char flags, status;
-} message_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct store {
-	store_conf_t *conf; /* foreign */
+struct store {
+	struct store_conf *conf; /* foreign */
 
 	/* currently open mailbox */
 	const char *name; /* foreign! maybe preset? */
 	char *path; /* own */
-	message_t *msgs; /* own */
+	struct message *msgs; /* own */
 	int uidvalidity;
 	unsigned char opts; /* maybe preset? */
 	/* note that the following do _not_ reflect stats from msgs, but mailbox totals */
 	int count; /* # of messages */
 	int recent; /* # of recent messages - don't trust this beyond the initial read */
-} store_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct {
+struct msg_data {
 	char *data;
 	int len;
 	unsigned char flags;
 	unsigned int crlf:1;
-} msg_data_t;
+};
 
 #define DRV_OK          0
 #define DRV_MSG_BAD     -1
@@ -96,77 +100,94 @@ typedef struct {
 
 static int Verbose, Quiet;
 
-static void imap_info( const char *, ... );
-static void imap_warn( const char *, ... );
+static void imap_info(const char *, ...);
+static void imap_warn(const char *, ...);
 
-static char *next_arg( char ** );
+static char *next_arg(char **);
 
-static void free_generic_messages( message_t * );
+static void free_generic_messages(struct message *);
 
-static int nfsnprintf( char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ... );
+static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...);
 
+static int nfvasprintf(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+	int len;
+	char tmp[8192];
+
+	len = vsnprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fmt, ap);
+	if (len < 0)
+		die("Fatal: Out of memory");
+	if (len >= sizeof(tmp))
+		die("imap command overflow!");
+	*strp = xmemdupz(tmp, len);
+	return len;
+}
 
-static void arc4_init( void );
-static unsigned char arc4_getbyte( void );
+static void arc4_init(void);
+static unsigned char arc4_getbyte(void);
 
-typedef struct imap_server_conf {
+struct imap_server_conf {
 	char *name;
 	char *tunnel;
 	char *host;
 	int port;
 	char *user;
 	char *pass;
-} imap_server_conf_t;
+	int use_ssl;
+	int ssl_verify;
+	int use_html;
+};
 
-typedef struct imap_store_conf {
-	store_conf_t gen;
-	imap_server_conf_t *server;
+struct imap_store_conf {
+	struct store_conf gen;
+	struct imap_server_conf *server;
 	unsigned use_namespace:1;
-} imap_store_conf_t;
+};
 
-#define NIL	(void*)0x1
-#define LIST	(void*)0x2
+#define NIL	(void *)0x1
+#define LIST	(void *)0x2
 
-typedef struct _list {
-	struct _list *next, *child;
+struct imap_list {
+	struct imap_list *next, *child;
 	char *val;
 	int len;
-} list_t;
+};
 
-typedef struct {
+struct imap_socket {
 	int fd;
-} Socket_t;
+	SSL *ssl;
+};
 
-typedef struct {
-	Socket_t sock;
+struct imap_buffer {
+	struct imap_socket sock;
 	int bytes;
 	int offset;
 	char buf[1024];
-} buffer_t;
+};
 
 struct imap_cmd;
 
-typedef struct imap {
+struct imap {
 	int uidnext; /* from SELECT responses */
-	list_t *ns_personal, *ns_other, *ns_shared; /* NAMESPACE info */
+	struct imap_list *ns_personal, *ns_other, *ns_shared; /* NAMESPACE info */
 	unsigned caps, rcaps; /* CAPABILITY results */
 	/* command queue */
 	int nexttag, num_in_progress, literal_pending;
 	struct imap_cmd *in_progress, **in_progress_append;
-	buffer_t buf; /* this is BIG, so put it last */
-} imap_t;
+	struct imap_buffer buf; /* this is BIG, so put it last */
+};
 
-typedef struct imap_store {
-	store_t gen;
+struct imap_store {
+	struct store gen;
 	int uidvalidity;
-	imap_t *imap;
+	struct imap *imap;
 	const char *prefix;
 	unsigned /*currentnc:1,*/ trashnc:1;
-} imap_store_t;
+};
 
 struct imap_cmd_cb {
-	int (*cont)( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, const char *prompt );
-	void (*done)( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, int response);
+	int (*cont)(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, const char *prompt);
+	void (*done)(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, int response);
 	void *ctx;
 	char *data;
 	int dlen;
@@ -188,6 +209,7 @@ enum CAPABILITY {
 	UIDPLUS,
 	LITERALPLUS,
 	NAMESPACE,
+	STARTTLS,
 };
 
 static const char *cap_list[] = {
@@ -195,13 +217,14 @@ static const char *cap_list[] = {
 	"UIDPLUS",
 	"LITERAL+",
 	"NAMESPACE",
+	"STARTTLS",
 };
 
 #define RESP_OK    0
 #define RESP_NO    1
 #define RESP_BAD   2
 
-static int get_cmd_result( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd );
+static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd);
 
 
 static const char *Flags[] = {
@@ -212,42 +235,137 @@ static const char *Flags[] = {
 	"Deleted",
 };
 
-static void
-socket_perror( const char *func, Socket_t *sock, int ret )
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+static void ssl_socket_perror(const char *func)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", func, ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
+}
+#endif
+
+static void socket_perror(const char *func, struct imap_socket *sock, int ret)
+{
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+	if (sock->ssl) {
+		int sslerr = SSL_get_error(sock->ssl, ret);
+		switch (sslerr) {
+		case SSL_ERROR_NONE:
+			break;
+		case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
+			perror("SSL_connect");
+			break;
+		default:
+			ssl_socket_perror("SSL_connect");
+			break;
+		}
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		if (ret < 0)
+			perror(func);
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unexpected EOF\n", func);
+	}
+}
+
+static int ssl_socket_connect(struct imap_socket *sock, int use_tls_only, int verify)
 {
-	if (ret < 0)
-		perror( func );
+#ifdef NO_OPENSSL
+	fprintf(stderr, "SSL requested but SSL support not compiled in\n");
+	return -1;
+#else
+	SSL_METHOD *meth;
+	SSL_CTX *ctx;
+	int ret;
+
+	SSL_library_init();
+	SSL_load_error_strings();
+
+	if (use_tls_only)
+		meth = TLSv1_method();
 	else
-		fprintf( stderr, "%s: unexpected EOF\n", func );
+		meth = SSLv23_method();
+
+	if (!meth) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSLv23_method");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth);
+
+	if (verify)
+		SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
+
+	if (!SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ctx)) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	sock->ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
+	if (!sock->ssl) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_new");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!SSL_set_fd(sock->ssl, sock->fd)) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_set_fd");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ret = SSL_connect(sock->ssl);
+	if (ret <= 0) {
+		socket_perror("SSL_connect", sock, ret);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+#endif
 }
 
-static int
-socket_read( Socket_t *sock, char *buf, int len )
+static int socket_read(struct imap_socket *sock, char *buf, int len)
 {
-	int n = xread( sock->fd, buf, len );
+	ssize_t n;
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+	if (sock->ssl)
+		n = SSL_read(sock->ssl, buf, len);
+	else
+#endif
+		n = xread(sock->fd, buf, len);
 	if (n <= 0) {
-		socket_perror( "read", sock, n );
-		close( sock->fd );
+		socket_perror("read", sock, n);
+		close(sock->fd);
 		sock->fd = -1;
 	}
 	return n;
 }
 
-static int
-socket_write( Socket_t *sock, const char *buf, int len )
+static int socket_write(struct imap_socket *sock, const char *buf, int len)
 {
-	int n = write_in_full( sock->fd, buf, len );
+	int n;
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+	if (sock->ssl)
+		n = SSL_write(sock->ssl, buf, len);
+	else
+#endif
+		n = write_in_full(sock->fd, buf, len);
 	if (n != len) {
-		socket_perror( "write", sock, n );
-		close( sock->fd );
+		socket_perror("write", sock, n);
+		close(sock->fd);
 		sock->fd = -1;
 	}
 	return n;
 }
 
+static void socket_shutdown(struct imap_socket *sock)
+{
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+	if (sock->ssl) {
+		SSL_shutdown(sock->ssl);
+		SSL_free(sock->ssl);
+	}
+#endif
+	close(sock->fd);
+}
+
 /* simple line buffering */
-static int
-buffer_gets( buffer_t * b, char **s )
+static int buffer_gets(struct imap_buffer *b, char **s)
 {
 	int n;
 	int start = b->offset;
@@ -261,7 +379,7 @@ buffer_gets( buffer_t * b, char **s )
 				/* shift down used bytes */
 				*s = b->buf;
 
-				assert( start <= b->bytes );
+				assert(start <= b->bytes);
 				n = b->bytes - start;
 
 				if (n)
@@ -271,8 +389,8 @@ buffer_gets( buffer_t * b, char **s )
 				start = 0;
 			}
 
-			n = socket_read( &b->sock, b->buf + b->bytes,
-					 sizeof(b->buf) - b->bytes );
+			n = socket_read(&b->sock, b->buf + b->bytes,
+					 sizeof(b->buf) - b->bytes);
 
 			if (n <= 0)
 				return -1;
@@ -281,12 +399,12 @@ buffer_gets( buffer_t * b, char **s )
 		}
 
 		if (b->buf[b->offset] == '\r') {
-			assert( b->offset + 1 < b->bytes );
+			assert(b->offset + 1 < b->bytes);
 			if (b->buf[b->offset + 1] == '\n') {
 				b->buf[b->offset] = 0;  /* terminate the string */
 				b->offset += 2; /* next line */
 				if (Verbose)
-					puts( *s );
+					puts(*s);
 				return 0;
 			}
 		}
@@ -296,39 +414,36 @@ buffer_gets( buffer_t * b, char **s )
 	/* not reached */
 }
 
-static void
-imap_info( const char *msg, ... )
+static void imap_info(const char *msg, ...)
 {
 	va_list va;
 
 	if (!Quiet) {
-		va_start( va, msg );
-		vprintf( msg, va );
-		va_end( va );
-		fflush( stdout );
+		va_start(va, msg);
+		vprintf(msg, va);
+		va_end(va);
+		fflush(stdout);
 	}
 }
 
-static void
-imap_warn( const char *msg, ... )
+static void imap_warn(const char *msg, ...)
 {
 	va_list va;
 
 	if (Quiet < 2) {
-		va_start( va, msg );
-		vfprintf( stderr, msg, va );
-		va_end( va );
+		va_start(va, msg);
+		vfprintf(stderr, msg, va);
+		va_end(va);
 	}
 }
 
-static char *
-next_arg( char **s )
+static char *next_arg(char **s)
 {
 	char *ret;
 
 	if (!s || !*s)
 		return NULL;
-	while (isspace( (unsigned char) **s ))
+	while (isspace((unsigned char) **s))
 		(*s)++;
 	if (!**s) {
 		*s = NULL;
@@ -337,10 +452,10 @@ next_arg( char **s )
 	if (**s == '"') {
 		++*s;
 		ret = *s;
-		*s = strchr( *s, '"' );
+		*s = strchr(*s, '"');
 	} else {
 		ret = *s;
-		while (**s && !isspace( (unsigned char) **s ))
+		while (**s && !isspace((unsigned char) **s))
 			(*s)++;
 	}
 	if (*s) {
@@ -352,27 +467,25 @@ next_arg( char **s )
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void
-free_generic_messages( message_t *msgs )
+static void free_generic_messages(struct message *msgs)
 {
-	message_t *tmsg;
+	struct message *tmsg;
 
 	for (; msgs; msgs = tmsg) {
 		tmsg = msgs->next;
-		free( msgs );
+		free(msgs);
 	}
 }
 
-static int
-nfsnprintf( char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ... )
+static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int ret;
 	va_list va;
 
-	va_start( va, fmt );
-	if (blen <= 0 || (unsigned)(ret = vsnprintf( buf, blen, fmt, va )) >= (unsigned)blen)
-		die( "Fatal: buffer too small. Please report a bug.\n");
-	va_end( va );
+	va_start(va, fmt);
+	if (blen <= 0 || (unsigned)(ret = vsnprintf(buf, blen, fmt, va)) >= (unsigned)blen)
+		die("Fatal: buffer too small. Please report a bug.");
+	va_end(va);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -380,21 +493,20 @@ static struct {
 	unsigned char i, j, s[256];
 } rs;
 
-static void
-arc4_init( void )
+static void arc4_init(void)
 {
 	int i, fd;
 	unsigned char j, si, dat[128];
 
-	if ((fd = open( "/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY )) < 0 && (fd = open( "/dev/random", O_RDONLY )) < 0) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "Fatal: no random number source available.\n" );
-		exit( 3 );
+	if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) < 0 && (fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Fatal: no random number source available.\n");
+		exit(3);
 	}
-	if (read_in_full( fd, dat, 128 ) != 128) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "Fatal: cannot read random number source.\n" );
-		exit( 3 );
+	if (read_in_full(fd, dat, 128) != 128) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Fatal: cannot read random number source.\n");
+		exit(3);
 	}
-	close( fd );
+	close(fd);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
 		rs.s[i] = i;
@@ -410,8 +522,7 @@ arc4_init( void )
 		arc4_getbyte();
 }
 
-static unsigned char
-arc4_getbyte( void )
+static unsigned char arc4_getbyte(void)
 {
 	unsigned char si, sj;
 
@@ -424,54 +535,53 @@ arc4_getbyte( void )
 	return rs.s[(si + sj) & 0xff];
 }
 
-static struct imap_cmd *
-v_issue_imap_cmd( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
-		  const char *fmt, va_list ap )
+static struct imap_cmd *v_issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
+					 struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
+					 const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 {
-	imap_t *imap = ctx->imap;
+	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd *cmd;
 	int n, bufl;
 	char buf[1024];
 
-	cmd = xmalloc( sizeof(struct imap_cmd) );
-	nfvasprintf( &cmd->cmd, fmt, ap );
+	cmd = xmalloc(sizeof(struct imap_cmd));
+	nfvasprintf(&cmd->cmd, fmt, ap);
 	cmd->tag = ++imap->nexttag;
 
 	if (cb)
 		cmd->cb = *cb;
 	else
-		memset( &cmd->cb, 0, sizeof(cmd->cb) );
+		memset(&cmd->cb, 0, sizeof(cmd->cb));
 
 	while (imap->literal_pending)
-		get_cmd_result( ctx, NULL );
+		get_cmd_result(ctx, NULL);
 
-	bufl = nfsnprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), cmd->cb.data ? CAP(LITERALPLUS) ?
+	bufl = nfsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), cmd->cb.data ? CAP(LITERALPLUS) ?
 			   "%d %s{%d+}\r\n" : "%d %s{%d}\r\n" : "%d %s\r\n",
-			   cmd->tag, cmd->cmd, cmd->cb.dlen );
+			   cmd->tag, cmd->cmd, cmd->cb.dlen);
 	if (Verbose) {
 		if (imap->num_in_progress)
-			printf( "(%d in progress) ", imap->num_in_progress );
-		if (memcmp( cmd->cmd, "LOGIN", 5 ))
-			printf( ">>> %s", buf );
+			printf("(%d in progress) ", imap->num_in_progress);
+		if (memcmp(cmd->cmd, "LOGIN", 5))
+			printf(">>> %s", buf);
 		else
-			printf( ">>> %d LOGIN <user> <pass>\n", cmd->tag );
+			printf(">>> %d LOGIN <user> <pass>\n", cmd->tag);
 	}
-	if (socket_write( &imap->buf.sock, buf, bufl ) != bufl) {
-		free( cmd->cmd );
-		free( cmd );
-		if (cb && cb->data)
-			free( cb->data );
+	if (socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, buf, bufl) != bufl) {
+		free(cmd->cmd);
+		free(cmd);
+		if (cb)
+			free(cb->data);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 	if (cmd->cb.data) {
 		if (CAP(LITERALPLUS)) {
-			n = socket_write( &imap->buf.sock, cmd->cb.data, cmd->cb.dlen );
-			free( cmd->cb.data );
+			n = socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, cmd->cb.data, cmd->cb.dlen);
+			free(cmd->cb.data);
 			if (n != cmd->cb.dlen ||
-			    (n = socket_write( &imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2 )) != 2)
-			{
-				free( cmd->cmd );
-				free( cmd );
+			    socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2) != 2) {
+				free(cmd->cmd);
+				free(cmd);
 				return NULL;
 			}
 			cmd->cb.data = NULL;
@@ -486,109 +596,106 @@ v_issue_imap_cmd( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	return cmd;
 }
 
-static struct imap_cmd *
-issue_imap_cmd( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb, const char *fmt, ... )
+static struct imap_cmd *issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
+				       struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
+				       const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	struct imap_cmd *ret;
 	va_list ap;
 
-	va_start( ap, fmt );
-	ret = v_issue_imap_cmd( ctx, cb, fmt, ap );
-	va_end( ap );
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	ret = v_issue_imap_cmd(ctx, cb, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int
-imap_exec( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb, const char *fmt, ... )
+static int imap_exec(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
+		     const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
 	struct imap_cmd *cmdp;
 
-	va_start( ap, fmt );
-	cmdp = v_issue_imap_cmd( ctx, cb, fmt, ap );
-	va_end( ap );
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	cmdp = v_issue_imap_cmd(ctx, cb, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
 	if (!cmdp)
 		return RESP_BAD;
 
-	return get_cmd_result( ctx, cmdp );
+	return get_cmd_result(ctx, cmdp);
 }
 
-static int
-imap_exec_m( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb, const char *fmt, ... )
+static int imap_exec_m(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
+		       const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
 	struct imap_cmd *cmdp;
 
-	va_start( ap, fmt );
-	cmdp = v_issue_imap_cmd( ctx, cb, fmt, ap );
-	va_end( ap );
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	cmdp = v_issue_imap_cmd(ctx, cb, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
 	if (!cmdp)
 		return DRV_STORE_BAD;
 
-	switch (get_cmd_result( ctx, cmdp )) {
+	switch (get_cmd_result(ctx, cmdp)) {
 	case RESP_BAD: return DRV_STORE_BAD;
 	case RESP_NO: return DRV_MSG_BAD;
 	default: return DRV_OK;
 	}
 }
 
-static int
-is_atom( list_t *list )
+static int is_atom(struct imap_list *list)
 {
 	return list && list->val && list->val != NIL && list->val != LIST;
 }
 
-static int
-is_list( list_t *list )
+static int is_list(struct imap_list *list)
 {
 	return list && list->val == LIST;
 }
 
-static void
-free_list( list_t *list )
+static void free_list(struct imap_list *list)
 {
-	list_t *tmp;
+	struct imap_list *tmp;
 
 	for (; list; list = tmp) {
 		tmp = list->next;
-		if (is_list( list ))
-			free_list( list->child );
-		else if (is_atom( list ))
-			free( list->val );
-		free( list );
+		if (is_list(list))
+			free_list(list->child);
+		else if (is_atom(list))
+			free(list->val);
+		free(list);
 	}
 }
 
-static int
-parse_imap_list_l( imap_t *imap, char **sp, list_t **curp, int level )
+static int parse_imap_list_l(struct imap *imap, char **sp, struct imap_list **curp, int level)
 {
-	list_t *cur;
+	struct imap_list *cur;
 	char *s = *sp, *p;
 	int n, bytes;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		while (isspace( (unsigned char)*s ))
+		while (isspace((unsigned char)*s))
 			s++;
 		if (level && *s == ')') {
 			s++;
 			break;
 		}
-		*curp = cur = xmalloc( sizeof(*cur) );
+		*curp = cur = xmalloc(sizeof(*cur));
 		curp = &cur->next;
 		cur->val = NULL; /* for clean bail */
 		if (*s == '(') {
 			/* sublist */
 			s++;
 			cur->val = LIST;
-			if (parse_imap_list_l( imap, &s, &cur->child, level + 1 ))
+			if (parse_imap_list_l(imap, &s, &cur->child, level + 1))
 				goto bail;
 		} else if (imap && *s == '{') {
 			/* literal */
-			bytes = cur->len = strtol( s + 1, &s, 10 );
+			bytes = cur->len = strtol(s + 1, &s, 10);
 			if (*s != '}')
 				goto bail;
 
-			s = cur->val = xmalloc( cur->len );
+			s = cur->val = xmalloc(cur->len);
 
 			/* dump whats left over in the input buffer */
 			n = imap->buf.bytes - imap->buf.offset;
@@ -597,7 +704,7 @@ parse_imap_list_l( imap_t *imap, char **sp, list_t **curp, int level )
 				/* the entire message fit in the buffer */
 				n = bytes;
 
-			memcpy( s, imap->buf.buf + imap->buf.offset, n );
+			memcpy(s, imap->buf.buf + imap->buf.offset, n);
 			s += n;
 			bytes -= n;
 
@@ -606,13 +713,13 @@ parse_imap_list_l( imap_t *imap, char **sp, list_t **curp, int level )
 
 			/* now read the rest of the message */
 			while (bytes > 0) {
-				if ((n = socket_read (&imap->buf.sock, s, bytes)) <= 0)
+				if ((n = socket_read(&imap->buf.sock, s, bytes)) <= 0)
 					goto bail;
 				s += n;
 				bytes -= n;
 			}
 
-			if (buffer_gets( &imap->buf, &s ))
+			if (buffer_gets(&imap->buf, &s))
 				goto bail;
 		} else if (*s == '"') {
 			/* quoted string */
@@ -623,23 +730,18 @@ parse_imap_list_l( imap_t *imap, char **sp, list_t **curp, int level )
 					goto bail;
 			cur->len = s - p;
 			s++;
-			cur->val = xmalloc( cur->len + 1 );
-			memcpy( cur->val, p, cur->len );
-			cur->val[cur->len] = 0;
+			cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		} else {
 			/* atom */
 			p = s;
-			for (; *s && !isspace( (unsigned char)*s ); s++)
+			for (; *s && !isspace((unsigned char)*s); s++)
 				if (level && *s == ')')
 					break;
 			cur->len = s - p;
-			if (cur->len == 3 && !memcmp ("NIL", p, 3))
+			if (cur->len == 3 && !memcmp("NIL", p, 3))
 				cur->val = NIL;
-			else {
-				cur->val = xmalloc( cur->len + 1 );
-				memcpy( cur->val, p, cur->len );
-				cur->val[cur->len] = 0;
-			}
+			else
+				cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		}
 
 		if (!level)
@@ -651,127 +753,122 @@ parse_imap_list_l( imap_t *imap, char **sp, list_t **curp, int level )
 	*curp = NULL;
 	return 0;
 
-  bail:
+bail:
 	*curp = NULL;
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static list_t *
-parse_imap_list( imap_t *imap, char **sp )
+static struct imap_list *parse_imap_list(struct imap *imap, char **sp)
 {
-	list_t *head;
+	struct imap_list *head;
 
-	if (!parse_imap_list_l( imap, sp, &head, 0 ))
+	if (!parse_imap_list_l(imap, sp, &head, 0))
 		return head;
-	free_list( head );
+	free_list(head);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static list_t *
-parse_list( char **sp )
+static struct imap_list *parse_list(char **sp)
 {
-	return parse_imap_list( NULL, sp );
+	return parse_imap_list(NULL, sp);
 }
 
-static void
-parse_capability( imap_t *imap, char *cmd )
+static void parse_capability(struct imap *imap, char *cmd)
 {
 	char *arg;
 	unsigned i;
 
 	imap->caps = 0x80000000;
-	while ((arg = next_arg( &cmd )))
+	while ((arg = next_arg(&cmd)))
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cap_list); i++)
-			if (!strcmp( cap_list[i], arg ))
+			if (!strcmp(cap_list[i], arg))
 				imap->caps |= 1 << i;
 	imap->rcaps = imap->caps;
 }
 
-static int
-parse_response_code( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb, char *s )
+static int parse_response_code(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
+			       char *s)
 {
-	imap_t *imap = ctx->imap;
+	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	char *arg, *p;
 
 	if (*s != '[')
 		return RESP_OK;		/* no response code */
 	s++;
-	if (!(p = strchr( s, ']' ))) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: malformed response code\n" );
+	if (!(p = strchr(s, ']'))) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed response code\n");
 		return RESP_BAD;
 	}
 	*p++ = 0;
-	arg = next_arg( &s );
-	if (!strcmp( "UIDVALIDITY", arg )) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg( &s )) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi( arg ))) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: malformed UIDVALIDITY status\n" );
+	arg = next_arg(&s);
+	if (!strcmp("UIDVALIDITY", arg)) {
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed UIDVALIDITY status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		}
-	} else if (!strcmp( "UIDNEXT", arg )) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg( &s )) || !(imap->uidnext = atoi( arg ))) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: malformed NEXTUID status\n" );
+	} else if (!strcmp("UIDNEXT", arg)) {
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(imap->uidnext = atoi(arg))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed NEXTUID status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		}
-	} else if (!strcmp( "CAPABILITY", arg )) {
-		parse_capability( imap, s );
-	} else if (!strcmp( "ALERT", arg )) {
+	} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg)) {
+		parse_capability(imap, s);
+	} else if (!strcmp("ALERT", arg)) {
 		/* RFC2060 says that these messages MUST be displayed
 		 * to the user
 		 */
-		for (; isspace( (unsigned char)*p ); p++);
-		fprintf( stderr, "*** IMAP ALERT *** %s\n", p );
-	} else if (cb && cb->ctx && !strcmp( "APPENDUID", arg )) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg( &s )) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi( arg )) ||
-		    !(arg = next_arg( &s )) || !(*(int *)cb->ctx = atoi( arg )))
-		{
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: malformed APPENDUID status\n" );
+		for (; isspace((unsigned char)*p); p++);
+		fprintf(stderr, "*** IMAP ALERT *** %s\n", p);
+	} else if (cb && cb->ctx && !strcmp("APPENDUID", arg)) {
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg)) ||
+		    !(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(*(int *)cb->ctx = atoi(arg))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed APPENDUID status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		}
 	}
 	return RESP_OK;
 }
 
-static int
-get_cmd_result( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd )
+static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 {
-	imap_t *imap = ctx->imap;
+	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd *cmdp, **pcmdp, *ncmdp;
 	char *cmd, *arg, *arg1, *p;
 	int n, resp, resp2, tag;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		if (buffer_gets( &imap->buf, &cmd ))
+		if (buffer_gets(&imap->buf, &cmd))
 			return RESP_BAD;
 
-		arg = next_arg( &cmd );
+		arg = next_arg(&cmd);
 		if (*arg == '*') {
-			arg = next_arg( &cmd );
+			arg = next_arg(&cmd);
 			if (!arg) {
-				fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n");
 				return RESP_BAD;
 			}
 
-			if (!strcmp( "NAMESPACE", arg )) {
-				imap->ns_personal = parse_list( &cmd );
-				imap->ns_other = parse_list( &cmd );
-				imap->ns_shared = parse_list( &cmd );
-			} else if (!strcmp( "OK", arg ) || !strcmp( "BAD", arg ) ||
-				   !strcmp( "NO", arg ) || !strcmp( "BYE", arg )) {
-				if ((resp = parse_response_code( ctx, NULL, cmd )) != RESP_OK)
+			if (!strcmp("NAMESPACE", arg)) {
+				imap->ns_personal = parse_list(&cmd);
+				imap->ns_other = parse_list(&cmd);
+				imap->ns_shared = parse_list(&cmd);
+			} else if (!strcmp("OK", arg) || !strcmp("BAD", arg) ||
+				   !strcmp("NO", arg) || !strcmp("BYE", arg)) {
+				if ((resp = parse_response_code(ctx, NULL, cmd)) != RESP_OK)
 					return resp;
-			} else if (!strcmp( "CAPABILITY", arg ))
-				parse_capability( imap, cmd );
-			else if ((arg1 = next_arg( &cmd ))) {
-				if (!strcmp( "EXISTS", arg1 ))
-					ctx->gen.count = atoi( arg );
-				else if (!strcmp( "RECENT", arg1 ))
-					ctx->gen.recent = atoi( arg );
+			} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg))
+				parse_capability(imap, cmd);
+			else if ((arg1 = next_arg(&cmd))) {
+				if (!strcmp("EXISTS", arg1))
+					ctx->gen.count = atoi(arg);
+				else if (!strcmp("RECENT", arg1))
+					ctx->gen.recent = atoi(arg);
 			} else {
-				fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n");
 				return RESP_BAD;
 			}
 		} else if (!imap->in_progress) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected reply: %s %s\n", arg, cmd ? cmd : "" );
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected reply: %s %s\n", arg, cmd ? cmd : "");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		} else if (*arg == '+') {
 			/* This can happen only with the last command underway, as
@@ -779,57 +876,57 @@ get_cmd_result( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd )
 			cmdp = (struct imap_cmd *)((char *)imap->in_progress_append -
 			       offsetof(struct imap_cmd, next));
 			if (cmdp->cb.data) {
-				n = socket_write( &imap->buf.sock, cmdp->cb.data, cmdp->cb.dlen );
-				free( cmdp->cb.data );
+				n = socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, cmdp->cb.data, cmdp->cb.dlen);
+				free(cmdp->cb.data);
 				cmdp->cb.data = NULL;
 				if (n != (int)cmdp->cb.dlen)
 					return RESP_BAD;
 			} else if (cmdp->cb.cont) {
-				if (cmdp->cb.cont( ctx, cmdp, cmd ))
+				if (cmdp->cb.cont(ctx, cmdp, cmd))
 					return RESP_BAD;
 			} else {
-				fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected command continuation request\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected command continuation request\n");
 				return RESP_BAD;
 			}
-			if (socket_write( &imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2 ) != 2)
+			if (socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2) != 2)
 				return RESP_BAD;
 			if (!cmdp->cb.cont)
 				imap->literal_pending = 0;
 			if (!tcmd)
 				return DRV_OK;
 		} else {
-			tag = atoi( arg );
+			tag = atoi(arg);
 			for (pcmdp = &imap->in_progress; (cmdp = *pcmdp); pcmdp = &cmdp->next)
 				if (cmdp->tag == tag)
 					goto gottag;
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected tag %s\n", arg );
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unexpected tag %s\n", arg);
 			return RESP_BAD;
-		  gottag:
+		gottag:
 			if (!(*pcmdp = cmdp->next))
 				imap->in_progress_append = pcmdp;
 			imap->num_in_progress--;
 			if (cmdp->cb.cont || cmdp->cb.data)
 				imap->literal_pending = 0;
-			arg = next_arg( &cmd );
-			if (!strcmp( "OK", arg ))
+			arg = next_arg(&cmd);
+			if (!strcmp("OK", arg))
 				resp = DRV_OK;
 			else {
-				if (!strcmp( "NO", arg )) {
-					if (cmdp->cb.create && cmd && (cmdp->cb.trycreate || !memcmp( cmd, "[TRYCREATE]", 11 ))) { /* SELECT, APPEND or UID COPY */
-						p = strchr( cmdp->cmd, '"' );
-						if (!issue_imap_cmd( ctx, NULL, "CREATE \"%.*s\"", strchr( p + 1, '"' ) - p + 1, p )) {
+				if (!strcmp("NO", arg)) {
+					if (cmdp->cb.create && cmd && (cmdp->cb.trycreate || !memcmp(cmd, "[TRYCREATE]", 11))) { /* SELECT, APPEND or UID COPY */
+						p = strchr(cmdp->cmd, '"');
+						if (!issue_imap_cmd(ctx, NULL, "CREATE \"%.*s\"", strchr(p + 1, '"') - p + 1, p)) {
 							resp = RESP_BAD;
 							goto normal;
 						}
 						/* not waiting here violates the spec, but a server that does not
 						   grok this nonetheless violates it too. */
 						cmdp->cb.create = 0;
-						if (!(ncmdp = issue_imap_cmd( ctx, &cmdp->cb, "%s", cmdp->cmd ))) {
+						if (!(ncmdp = issue_imap_cmd(ctx, &cmdp->cb, "%s", cmdp->cmd))) {
 							resp = RESP_BAD;
 							goto normal;
 						}
-						free( cmdp->cmd );
-						free( cmdp );
+						free(cmdp->cmd);
+						free(cmdp);
 						if (!tcmd)
 							return 0;	/* ignored */
 						if (cmdp == tcmd)
@@ -837,22 +934,21 @@ get_cmd_result( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd )
 						continue;
 					}
 					resp = RESP_NO;
-				} else /*if (!strcmp( "BAD", arg ))*/
+				} else /*if (!strcmp("BAD", arg))*/
 					resp = RESP_BAD;
-				fprintf( stderr, "IMAP command '%s' returned response (%s) - %s\n",
-					 memcmp (cmdp->cmd, "LOGIN", 5) ?
+				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP command '%s' returned response (%s) - %s\n",
+					 memcmp(cmdp->cmd, "LOGIN", 5) ?
 							cmdp->cmd : "LOGIN <user> <pass>",
 							arg, cmd ? cmd : "");
 			}
-			if ((resp2 = parse_response_code( ctx, &cmdp->cb, cmd )) > resp)
+			if ((resp2 = parse_response_code(ctx, &cmdp->cb, cmd)) > resp)
 				resp = resp2;
-		  normal:
+		normal:
 			if (cmdp->cb.done)
-				cmdp->cb.done( ctx, cmdp, resp );
-			if (cmdp->cb.data)
-				free( cmdp->cb.data );
-			free( cmdp->cmd );
-			free( cmdp );
+				cmdp->cb.done(ctx, cmdp, resp);
+			free(cmdp->cb.data);
+			free(cmdp->cmd);
+			free(cmdp);
 			if (!tcmd || tcmd == cmdp)
 				return resp;
 		}
@@ -860,170 +956,232 @@ get_cmd_result( imap_store_t *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd )
 	/* not reached */
 }
 
-static void
-imap_close_server( imap_store_t *ictx )
+static void imap_close_server(struct imap_store *ictx)
 {
-	imap_t *imap = ictx->imap;
+	struct imap *imap = ictx->imap;
 
 	if (imap->buf.sock.fd != -1) {
-		imap_exec( ictx, NULL, "LOGOUT" );
-		close( imap->buf.sock.fd );
+		imap_exec(ictx, NULL, "LOGOUT");
+		socket_shutdown(&imap->buf.sock);
 	}
-	free_list( imap->ns_personal );
-	free_list( imap->ns_other );
-	free_list( imap->ns_shared );
-	free( imap );
+	free_list(imap->ns_personal);
+	free_list(imap->ns_other);
+	free_list(imap->ns_shared);
+	free(imap);
 }
 
-static void
-imap_close_store( store_t *ctx )
+static void imap_close_store(struct store *ctx)
 {
-	imap_close_server( (imap_store_t *)ctx );
-	free_generic_messages( ctx->msgs );
-	free( ctx );
+	imap_close_server((struct imap_store *)ctx);
+	free_generic_messages(ctx->msgs);
+	free(ctx);
 }
 
-static store_t *
-imap_open_store( imap_server_conf_t *srvc )
+static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 {
-	imap_store_t *ctx;
-	imap_t *imap;
+	struct imap_store *ctx;
+	struct imap *imap;
 	char *arg, *rsp;
-	struct hostent *he;
-	struct sockaddr_in addr;
-	int s, a[2], preauth;
+	int s = -1, a[2], preauth;
 	pid_t pid;
 
-	ctx = xcalloc( sizeof(*ctx), 1 );
+	ctx = xcalloc(sizeof(*ctx), 1);
 
-	ctx->imap = imap = xcalloc( sizeof(*imap), 1 );
+	ctx->imap = imap = xcalloc(sizeof(*imap), 1);
 	imap->buf.sock.fd = -1;
 	imap->in_progress_append = &imap->in_progress;
 
 	/* open connection to IMAP server */
 
 	if (srvc->tunnel) {
-		imap_info( "Starting tunnel '%s'... ", srvc->tunnel );
+		imap_info("Starting tunnel '%s'... ", srvc->tunnel);
 
-		if (socketpair( PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, a )) {
-			perror( "socketpair" );
-			exit( 1 );
+		if (socketpair(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, a)) {
+			perror("socketpair");
+			exit(1);
 		}
 
 		pid = fork();
 		if (pid < 0)
-			_exit( 127 );
+			_exit(127);
 		if (!pid) {
-			if (dup2( a[0], 0 ) == -1 || dup2( a[0], 1 ) == -1)
-				_exit( 127 );
-			close( a[0] );
-			close( a[1] );
-			execl( "/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", srvc->tunnel, NULL );
-			_exit( 127 );
+			if (dup2(a[0], 0) == -1 || dup2(a[0], 1) == -1)
+				_exit(127);
+			close(a[0]);
+			close(a[1]);
+			execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", srvc->tunnel, NULL);
+			_exit(127);
 		}
 
-		close (a[0]);
+		close(a[0]);
 
 		imap->buf.sock.fd = a[1];
 
-		imap_info( "ok\n" );
+		imap_info("ok\n");
 	} else {
-		memset( &addr, 0, sizeof(addr) );
-		addr.sin_port = htons( srvc->port );
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
+		struct addrinfo hints, *ai0, *ai;
+		int gai;
+		char portstr[6];
+
+		snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%hu", srvc->port);
+
+		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
+		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+		hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
+
+		imap_info("Resolving %s... ", srvc->host);
+		gai = getaddrinfo(srvc->host, portstr, &hints, &ai);
+		if (gai) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(gai));
+			goto bail;
+		}
+		imap_info("ok\n");
+
+		for (ai0 = ai; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
+			char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
+
+			s = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype,
+				   ai->ai_protocol);
+			if (s < 0)
+				continue;
+
+			getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, addr,
+				    sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
+			imap_info("Connecting to [%s]:%s... ", addr, portstr);
+
+			if (connect(s, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
+				close(s);
+				s = -1;
+				perror("connect");
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			break;
+		}
+		freeaddrinfo(ai0);
+#else /* NO_IPV6 */
+		struct hostent *he;
+		struct sockaddr_in addr;
+
+		memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+		addr.sin_port = htons(srvc->port);
 		addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
 
-		imap_info( "Resolving %s... ", srvc->host );
-		he = gethostbyname( srvc->host );
+		imap_info("Resolving %s... ", srvc->host);
+		he = gethostbyname(srvc->host);
 		if (!he) {
-			perror( "gethostbyname" );
+			perror("gethostbyname");
 			goto bail;
 		}
-		imap_info( "ok\n" );
+		imap_info("ok\n");
 
 		addr.sin_addr.s_addr = *((int *) he->h_addr_list[0]);
 
-		s = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
+		s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
 
-		imap_info( "Connecting to %s:%hu... ", inet_ntoa( addr.sin_addr ), ntohs( addr.sin_port ) );
-		if (connect( s, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr) )) {
-			close( s );
-			perror( "connect" );
+		imap_info("Connecting to %s:%hu... ", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port));
+		if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr))) {
+			close(s);
+			s = -1;
+			perror("connect");
+		}
+#endif
+		if (s < 0) {
+			fputs("Error: unable to connect to server.\n", stderr);
 			goto bail;
 		}
-		imap_info( "ok\n" );
 
 		imap->buf.sock.fd = s;
 
+		if (srvc->use_ssl &&
+		    ssl_socket_connect(&imap->buf.sock, 0, srvc->ssl_verify)) {
+			close(s);
+			goto bail;
+		}
+		imap_info("ok\n");
 	}
 
 	/* read the greeting string */
-	if (buffer_gets( &imap->buf, &rsp )) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: no greeting response\n" );
+	if (buffer_gets(&imap->buf, &rsp)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: no greeting response\n");
 		goto bail;
 	}
-	arg = next_arg( &rsp );
-	if (!arg || *arg != '*' || (arg = next_arg( &rsp )) == NULL) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: invalid greeting response\n" );
+	arg = next_arg(&rsp);
+	if (!arg || *arg != '*' || (arg = next_arg(&rsp)) == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: invalid greeting response\n");
 		goto bail;
 	}
 	preauth = 0;
-	if (!strcmp( "PREAUTH", arg ))
+	if (!strcmp("PREAUTH", arg))
 		preauth = 1;
-	else if (strcmp( "OK", arg ) != 0) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: unknown greeting response\n" );
+	else if (strcmp("OK", arg) != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unknown greeting response\n");
 		goto bail;
 	}
-	parse_response_code( ctx, NULL, rsp );
-	if (!imap->caps && imap_exec( ctx, NULL, "CAPABILITY" ) != RESP_OK)
+	parse_response_code(ctx, NULL, rsp);
+	if (!imap->caps && imap_exec(ctx, NULL, "CAPABILITY") != RESP_OK)
 		goto bail;
 
 	if (!preauth) {
-
-		imap_info ("Logging in...\n");
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+		if (!srvc->use_ssl && CAP(STARTTLS)) {
+			if (imap_exec(ctx, 0, "STARTTLS") != RESP_OK)
+				goto bail;
+			if (ssl_socket_connect(&imap->buf.sock, 1,
+					       srvc->ssl_verify))
+				goto bail;
+			/* capabilities may have changed, so get the new capabilities */
+			if (imap_exec(ctx, 0, "CAPABILITY") != RESP_OK)
+				goto bail;
+		}
+#endif
+		imap_info("Logging in...\n");
 		if (!srvc->user) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "Skipping server %s, no user\n", srvc->host );
+			fprintf(stderr, "Skipping server %s, no user\n", srvc->host);
 			goto bail;
 		}
 		if (!srvc->pass) {
 			char prompt[80];
-			sprintf( prompt, "Password (%s@%s): ", srvc->user, srvc->host );
-			arg = getpass( prompt );
+			sprintf(prompt, "Password (%s@%s): ", srvc->user, srvc->host);
+			arg = getpass(prompt);
 			if (!arg) {
-				perror( "getpass" );
-				exit( 1 );
+				perror("getpass");
+				exit(1);
 			}
 			if (!*arg) {
-				fprintf( stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, no password\n", srvc->user, srvc->host );
+				fprintf(stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, no password\n", srvc->user, srvc->host);
 				goto bail;
 			}
 			/*
 			 * getpass() returns a pointer to a static buffer.  make a copy
 			 * for long term storage.
 			 */
-			srvc->pass = xstrdup( arg );
+			srvc->pass = xstrdup(arg);
 		}
 		if (CAP(NOLOGIN)) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, server forbids LOGIN\n", srvc->user, srvc->host );
+			fprintf(stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, server forbids LOGIN\n", srvc->user, srvc->host);
 			goto bail;
 		}
-		imap_warn( "*** IMAP Warning *** Password is being sent in the clear\n" );
-		if (imap_exec( ctx, NULL, "LOGIN \"%s\" \"%s\"", srvc->user, srvc->pass ) != RESP_OK) {
-			fprintf( stderr, "IMAP error: LOGIN failed\n" );
+		if (!imap->buf.sock.ssl)
+			imap_warn("*** IMAP Warning *** Password is being "
+				  "sent in the clear\n");
+		if (imap_exec(ctx, NULL, "LOGIN \"%s\" \"%s\"", srvc->user, srvc->pass) != RESP_OK) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: LOGIN failed\n");
 			goto bail;
 		}
 	} /* !preauth */
 
 	ctx->prefix = "";
 	ctx->trashnc = 1;
-	return (store_t *)ctx;
+	return (struct store *)ctx;
 
-  bail:
-	imap_close_store( &ctx->gen );
+bail:
+	imap_close_store(&ctx->gen);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int
-imap_make_flags( int flags, char *buf )
+static int imap_make_flags(int flags, char *buf)
 {
 	const char *s;
 	unsigned i, d;
@@ -1042,11 +1200,10 @@ imap_make_flags( int flags, char *buf )
 
 #define TUIDL 8
 
-static int
-imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
+static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data, int *uid)
 {
-	imap_store_t *ctx = (imap_store_t *)gctx;
-	imap_t *imap = ctx->imap;
+	struct imap_store *ctx = (struct imap_store *)gctx;
+	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd_cb cb;
 	char *fmap, *buf;
 	const char *prefix, *box;
@@ -1054,14 +1211,14 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 	int start, sbreak = 0, ebreak = 0;
 	char flagstr[128], tuid[TUIDL * 2 + 1];
 
-	memset( &cb, 0, sizeof(cb) );
+	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
 
 	fmap = data->data;
 	len = data->len;
 	nocr = !data->crlf;
 	extra = 0, i = 0;
 	if (!CAP(UIDPLUS) && uid) {
-	  nloop:
+	nloop:
 		start = i;
 		while (i < len)
 			if (fmap[i++] == '\n') {
@@ -1070,18 +1227,18 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 					sbreak = ebreak = i - 2 + nocr;
 					goto mktid;
 				}
-				if (!memcmp( fmap + start, "X-TUID: ", 8 )) {
+				if (!memcmp(fmap + start, "X-TUID: ", 8)) {
 					extra -= (ebreak = i) - (sbreak = start) + nocr;
 					goto mktid;
 				}
 				goto nloop;
 			}
 		/* invalid message */
-		free( fmap );
+		free(fmap);
 		return DRV_MSG_BAD;
-	 mktid:
+	mktid:
 		for (j = 0; j < TUIDL; j++)
-			sprintf( tuid + j * 2, "%02x", arc4_getbyte() );
+			sprintf(tuid + j * 2, "%02x", arc4_getbyte());
 		extra += 8 + TUIDL * 2 + 2;
 	}
 	if (nocr)
@@ -1090,7 +1247,7 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 				extra++;
 
 	cb.dlen = len + extra;
-	buf = cb.data = xmalloc( cb.dlen );
+	buf = cb.data = xmalloc(cb.dlen);
 	i = 0;
 	if (!CAP(UIDPLUS) && uid) {
 		if (nocr) {
@@ -1101,12 +1258,12 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 				} else
 					*buf++ = fmap[i];
 		} else {
-			memcpy( buf, fmap, sbreak );
+			memcpy(buf, fmap, sbreak);
 			buf += sbreak;
 		}
-		memcpy( buf, "X-TUID: ", 8 );
+		memcpy(buf, "X-TUID: ", 8);
 		buf += 8;
-		memcpy( buf, tuid, TUIDL * 2 );
+		memcpy(buf, tuid, TUIDL * 2);
 		buf += TUIDL * 2;
 		*buf++ = '\r';
 		*buf++ = '\n';
@@ -1120,13 +1277,13 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 			} else
 				*buf++ = fmap[i];
 	} else
-		memcpy( buf, fmap + i, len - i );
+		memcpy(buf, fmap + i, len - i);
 
-	free( fmap );
+	free(fmap);
 
 	d = 0;
 	if (data->flags) {
-		d = imap_make_flags( data->flags, flagstr );
+		d = imap_make_flags(data->flags, flagstr);
 		flagstr[d++] = ' ';
 	}
 	flagstr[d] = 0;
@@ -1139,11 +1296,11 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 			imap->caps = imap->rcaps & ~(1 << LITERALPLUS);
 	} else {
 		box = gctx->name;
-		prefix = !strcmp( box, "INBOX" ) ? "" : ctx->prefix;
+		prefix = !strcmp(box, "INBOX") ? "" : ctx->prefix;
 		cb.create = 0;
 	}
 	cb.ctx = uid;
-	ret = imap_exec_m( ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" %s", prefix, box, flagstr );
+	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" %s", prefix, box, flagstr);
 	imap->caps = imap->rcaps;
 	if (ret != DRV_OK)
 		return ret;
@@ -1155,38 +1312,72 @@ imap_store_msg( store_t *gctx, msg_data_t *data, int *uid )
 	return DRV_OK;
 }
 
+static void encode_html_chars(struct strbuf *p)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < p->len; i++) {
+		if (p->buf[i] == '&')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&amp;", 5);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '<')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&lt;", 4);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '>')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&gt;", 4);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '"')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&quot;", 6);
+	}
+}
+static void wrap_in_html(struct msg_data *msg)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf **lines;
+	struct strbuf **p;
+	static char *content_type = "Content-Type: text/html;\n";
+	static char *pre_open = "<pre>\n";
+	static char *pre_close = "</pre>\n";
+	int added_header = 0;
+
+	strbuf_attach(&buf, msg->data, msg->len, msg->len);
+	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (p = lines; *p; p++) {
+		if (! added_header) {
+			if ((*p)->len == 1 && *((*p)->buf) == '\n') {
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
+				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
+				added_header = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			encode_html_chars(*p);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_close);
+	strbuf_list_free(lines);
+	msg->len  = buf.len;
+	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
 #define CHUNKSIZE 0x1000
 
-static int
-read_message( FILE *f, msg_data_t *msg )
+static int read_message(FILE *f, struct msg_data *msg)
 {
-	int len, r;
-
-	memset( msg, 0, sizeof *msg );
-	len = CHUNKSIZE;
-	msg->data = xmalloc( len+1 );
-	msg->data[0] = 0;
-
-	while(!feof( f )) {
-		if (msg->len >= len) {
-			void *p;
-			len += CHUNKSIZE;
-			p = xrealloc(msg->data, len+1);
-			if (!p)
-				break;
-			msg->data = p;
-		}
-		r = fread( &msg->data[msg->len], 1, len - msg->len, f );
-		if (r <= 0)
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	memset(msg, 0, sizeof(*msg));
+
+	do {
+		if (strbuf_fread(&buf, CHUNKSIZE, f) <= 0)
 			break;
-		msg->len += r;
-	}
-	msg->data[msg->len] = 0;
+	} while (!feof(f));
+
+	msg->len  = buf.len;
+	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	return msg->len;
 }
 
-static int
-count_messages( msg_data_t *msg )
+static int count_messages(struct msg_data *msg)
 {
 	int count = 0;
 	char *p = msg->data;
@@ -1196,7 +1387,7 @@ count_messages( msg_data_t *msg )
 			count++;
 			p += 5;
 		}
-		p = strstr( p+5, "\nFrom ");
+		p = strstr(p+5, "\nFrom ");
 		if (!p)
 			break;
 		p++;
@@ -1204,22 +1395,21 @@ count_messages( msg_data_t *msg )
 	return count;
 }
 
-static int
-split_msg( msg_data_t *all_msgs, msg_data_t *msg, int *ofs )
+static int split_msg(struct msg_data *all_msgs, struct msg_data *msg, int *ofs)
 {
 	char *p, *data;
 
-	memset( msg, 0, sizeof *msg );
+	memset(msg, 0, sizeof *msg);
 	if (*ofs >= all_msgs->len)
 		return 0;
 
-	data = &all_msgs->data[ *ofs ];
+	data = &all_msgs->data[*ofs];
 	msg->len = all_msgs->len - *ofs;
 
 	if (msg->len < 5 || prefixcmp(data, "From "))
 		return 0;
 
-	p = strchr( data, '\n' );
+	p = strchr(data, '\n');
 	if (p) {
 		p = &p[1];
 		msg->len -= p-data;
@@ -1227,119 +1417,137 @@ split_msg( msg_data_t *all_msgs, msg_data_t *msg, int *ofs )
 		data = p;
 	}
 
-	p = strstr( data, "\nFrom " );
+	p = strstr(data, "\nFrom ");
 	if (p)
 		msg->len = &p[1] - data;
 
-	msg->data = xmalloc( msg->len + 1 );
-	if (!msg->data)
-		return 0;
-
-	memcpy( msg->data, data, msg->len );
-	msg->data[ msg->len ] = 0;
-
+	msg->data = xmemdupz(data, msg->len);
 	*ofs += msg->len;
- 	return 1;
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static imap_server_conf_t server =
-{
+static struct imap_server_conf server = {
 	NULL,	/* name */
 	NULL,	/* tunnel */
 	NULL,	/* host */
 	0,	/* port */
 	NULL,	/* user */
 	NULL,	/* pass */
+	0,   	/* use_ssl */
+	1,   	/* ssl_verify */
+	0,   	/* use_html */
 };
 
 static char *imap_folder;
 
-static int
-git_imap_config(const char *key, const char *val)
+static int git_imap_config(const char *key, const char *val, void *cb)
 {
 	char imap_key[] = "imap.";
 
-	if (strncmp( key, imap_key, sizeof imap_key - 1 ))
+	if (strncmp(key, imap_key, sizeof imap_key - 1))
 		return 0;
+
+	if (!val)
+		return config_error_nonbool(key);
+
 	key += sizeof imap_key - 1;
 
-	if (!strcmp( "folder", key )) {
-		imap_folder = xstrdup( val );
-	} else if (!strcmp( "host", key )) {
-		{
-			if (!prefixcmp(val, "imap:"))
-				val += 5;
-			if (!server.port)
-				server.port = 143;
+	if (!strcmp("folder", key)) {
+		imap_folder = xstrdup(val);
+	} else if (!strcmp("host", key)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(val, "imap:"))
+			val += 5;
+		else if (!prefixcmp(val, "imaps:")) {
+			val += 6;
+			server.use_ssl = 1;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(val, "//"))
 			val += 2;
-		server.host = xstrdup( val );
-	}
-	else if (!strcmp( "user", key ))
-		server.user = xstrdup( val );
-	else if (!strcmp( "pass", key ))
-		server.pass = xstrdup( val );
-	else if (!strcmp( "port", key ))
-		server.port = git_config_int( key, val );
-	else if (!strcmp( "tunnel", key ))
-		server.tunnel = xstrdup( val );
+		server.host = xstrdup(val);
+	} else if (!strcmp("user", key))
+		server.user = xstrdup(val);
+	else if (!strcmp("pass", key))
+		server.pass = xstrdup(val);
+	else if (!strcmp("port", key))
+		server.port = git_config_int(key, val);
+	else if (!strcmp("tunnel", key))
+		server.tunnel = xstrdup(val);
+	else if (!strcmp("sslverify", key))
+		server.ssl_verify = git_config_bool(key, val);
+	else if (!strcmp("preformattedHTML", key))
+		server.use_html = git_config_bool(key, val);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int
-main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	msg_data_t all_msgs, msg;
-	store_t *ctx = NULL;
+	struct msg_data all_msgs, msg;
+	struct store *ctx = NULL;
 	int uid = 0;
 	int ofs = 0;
 	int r;
 	int total, n = 0;
+	int nongit_ok;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	/* init the random number generator */
 	arc4_init();
 
-	git_config( git_imap_config );
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
+	git_config(git_imap_config, NULL);
+
+	if (!server.port)
+		server.port = server.use_ssl ? 993 : 143;
 
 	if (!imap_folder) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "no imap store specified\n" );
+		fprintf(stderr, "no imap store specified\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
+	if (!server.host) {
+		if (!server.tunnel) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "no imap host specified\n");
+			return 1;
+		}
+		server.host = "tunnel";
+	}
 
 	/* read the messages */
-	if (!read_message( stdin, &all_msgs )) {
-		fprintf(stderr,"nothing to send\n");
+	if (!read_message(stdin, &all_msgs)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "nothing to send\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	total = count_messages( &all_msgs );
+	total = count_messages(&all_msgs);
 	if (!total) {
-		fprintf(stderr,"no messages to send\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, "no messages to send\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
 	/* write it to the imap server */
-	ctx = imap_open_store( &server );
+	ctx = imap_open_store(&server);
 	if (!ctx) {
-		fprintf( stderr,"failed to open store\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, "failed to open store\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	fprintf( stderr, "sending %d message%s\n", total, (total!=1)?"s":"" );
+	fprintf(stderr, "sending %d message%s\n", total, (total != 1) ? "s" : "");
 	ctx->name = imap_folder;
 	while (1) {
 		unsigned percent = n * 100 / total;
-		fprintf( stderr, "%4u%% (%d/%d) done\r", percent, n, total );
-		if (!split_msg( &all_msgs, &msg, &ofs ))
+		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%d/%d) done\r", percent, n, total);
+		if (!split_msg(&all_msgs, &msg, &ofs))
+			break;
+		if (server.use_html)
+			wrap_in_html(&msg);
+		r = imap_store_msg(ctx, &msg, &uid);
+		if (r != DRV_OK)
 			break;
-		r = imap_store_msg( ctx, &msg, &uid );
-		if (r != DRV_OK) break;
 		n++;
 	}
-	fprintf( stderr,"\n" );
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 
-	imap_close_store( ctx );
+	imap_close_store(ctx);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/index-pack.c b/index-pack.c
index 3c768fbc63..340074fc79 100644
--- a/index-pack.c
+++ b/index-pack.c
@@ -6,23 +6,33 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "fsck.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
-"git-index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [{ ---keep | --keep=<msg> }] { <pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>] }";
+"git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [{ ---keep | --keep=<msg> }] [--strict] { <pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>] }";
 
 struct object_entry
 {
-	unsigned long offset;
+	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
 	unsigned long size;
 	unsigned int hdr_size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	enum object_type real_type;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
 union delta_base {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned long offset;
+	off_t offset;
+};
+
+struct base_data {
+	struct base_data *base;
+	struct base_data *child;
+	struct object_entry *obj;
+	void *data;
+	unsigned long size;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -31,6 +41,9 @@ union delta_base {
  */
 #define UNION_BASE_SZ	20
 
+#define FLAG_LINK (1u<<20)
+#define FLAG_CHECKED (1u<<21)
+
 struct delta_entry
 {
 	union delta_base base;
@@ -39,53 +52,67 @@ struct delta_entry
 
 static struct object_entry *objects;
 static struct delta_entry *deltas;
+static struct base_data *base_cache;
+static size_t base_cache_used;
 static int nr_objects;
 static int nr_deltas;
 static int nr_resolved_deltas;
 
 static int from_stdin;
+static int strict;
 static int verbose;
 
-static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
+static struct progress *progress;
+
+/* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
+static unsigned char input_buffer[4096];
+static unsigned int input_offset, input_len;
+static off_t consumed_bytes;
+static git_SHA_CTX input_ctx;
+static uint32_t input_crc32;
+static int input_fd, output_fd, pack_fd;
 
-static void progress_interval(int signum)
+static int mark_link(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 {
-	progress_update = 1;
+	if (!obj)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
+		die("object type mismatch at %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+
+	obj->flags |= FLAG_LINK;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void setup_progress_signal(void)
+/* The content of each linked object must have been checked
+   or it must be already present in the object database */
+static void check_object(struct object *obj)
 {
-	struct sigaction sa;
-	struct itimerval v;
-
-	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-	sa.sa_handler = progress_interval;
-	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
+	if (!obj)
+		return;
 
-	v.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
-	v.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
-	v.it_value = v.it_interval;
-	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
+	if (!(obj->flags & FLAG_LINK))
+		return;
 
+	if (!(obj->flags & FLAG_CHECKED)) {
+		unsigned long size;
+		int type = sha1_object_info(obj->sha1, &size);
+		if (type != obj->type || type <= 0)
+			die("object of unexpected type");
+		obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
+		return;
+	}
 }
 
-static unsigned display_progress(unsigned n, unsigned total, unsigned last_pc)
+static void check_objects(void)
 {
-	unsigned percent = n * 100 / total;
-	if (percent != last_pc || progress_update) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r", percent, n, total);
-		progress_update = 0;
-	}
-	return percent;
+	unsigned i, max;
+
+	max = get_max_object_index();
+	for (i = 0; i < max; i++)
+		check_object(get_indexed_object(i));
 }
 
-/* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
-static unsigned char input_buffer[4096];
-static unsigned long input_offset, input_len, consumed_bytes;
-static SHA_CTX input_ctx;
-static int input_fd, output_fd, pack_fd;
 
 /* Discard current buffer used content. */
 static void flush(void)
@@ -93,7 +120,7 @@ static void flush(void)
 	if (input_offset) {
 		if (output_fd >= 0)
 			write_or_die(output_fd, input_buffer, input_offset);
-		SHA1_Update(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
 		memmove(input_buffer, input_buffer + input_offset, input_len);
 		input_offset = 0;
 	}
@@ -111,14 +138,16 @@ static void *fill(int min)
 		die("cannot fill %d bytes", min);
 	flush();
 	do {
-		int ret = xread(input_fd, input_buffer + input_len,
+		ssize_t ret = xread(input_fd, input_buffer + input_len,
 				sizeof(input_buffer) - input_len);
 		if (ret <= 0) {
 			if (!ret)
 				die("early EOF");
-			die("read error on input: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("read error on input");
 		}
 		input_len += ret;
+		if (from_stdin)
+			display_throughput(progress, consumed_bytes + input_len);
 	} while (input_len < min);
 	return input_buffer;
 }
@@ -127,35 +156,38 @@ static void use(int bytes)
 {
 	if (bytes > input_len)
 		die("used more bytes than were available");
+	input_crc32 = crc32(input_crc32, input_buffer + input_offset, bytes);
 	input_len -= bytes;
 	input_offset += bytes;
+
+	/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
+	if (consumed_bytes > consumed_bytes + bytes)
+		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
 	consumed_bytes += bytes;
 }
 
-static const char *open_pack_file(const char *pack_name)
+static char *open_pack_file(char *pack_name)
 {
 	if (from_stdin) {
 		input_fd = 0;
 		if (!pack_name) {
 			static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-			snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-				 "%s/tmp_pack_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-			output_fd = mkstemp(tmpfile);
+			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+						"pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
 			pack_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
 		} else
 			output_fd = open(pack_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
 		if (output_fd < 0)
-			die("unable to create %s: %s\n", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("unable to create '%s'", pack_name);
 		pack_fd = output_fd;
 	} else {
 		input_fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
 		if (input_fd < 0)
-			die("cannot open packfile '%s': %s",
-			    pack_name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot open packfile '%s'", pack_name);
 		output_fd = -1;
 		pack_fd = input_fd;
 	}
-	SHA1_Init(&input_ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&input_ctx);
 	return pack_name;
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +199,8 @@ static void parse_pack_header(void)
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
 		die("pack signature mismatch");
 	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr->hdr_version))
-		die("pack version %d unsupported", ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
+		die("pack version %"PRIu32" unsupported",
+			ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
 
 	nr_objects = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
 	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
@@ -187,6 +220,50 @@ static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
 	die("pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s", offset, buf);
 }
 
+static void free_base_data(struct base_data *c)
+{
+	if (c->data) {
+		free(c->data);
+		c->data = NULL;
+		base_cache_used -= c->size;
+	}
+}
+
+static void prune_base_data(struct base_data *retain)
+{
+	struct base_data *b;
+	for (b = base_cache;
+	     base_cache_used > delta_base_cache_limit && b;
+	     b = b->child) {
+		if (b->data && b != retain)
+			free_base_data(b);
+	}
+}
+
+static void link_base_data(struct base_data *base, struct base_data *c)
+{
+	if (base)
+		base->child = c;
+	else
+		base_cache = c;
+
+	c->base = base;
+	c->child = NULL;
+	if (c->data)
+		base_cache_used += c->size;
+	prune_base_data(c);
+}
+
+static void unlink_base_data(struct base_data *c)
+{
+	struct base_data *base = c->base;
+	if (base)
+		base->child = NULL;
+	else
+		base_cache = NULL;
+	free_base_data(c);
+}
+
 static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 {
 	z_stream stream;
@@ -197,10 +274,10 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 	stream.next_in = fill(1);
 	stream.avail_in = input_len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int ret = inflate(&stream, 0);
+		int ret = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(input_len - stream.avail_in);
 		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
@@ -209,17 +286,20 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 		stream.next_in = fill(1);
 		stream.avail_in = input_len;
 	}
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return buf;
 }
 
 static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_base)
 {
-	unsigned char *p, c;
-	unsigned long size, base_offset;
+	unsigned char *p;
+	unsigned long size, c;
+	off_t base_offset;
 	unsigned shift;
+	void *data;
 
-	obj->offset = consumed_bytes;
+	obj->idx.offset = consumed_bytes;
+	input_crc32 = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
 
 	p = fill(1);
 	c = *p;
@@ -231,7 +311,7 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_
 		p = fill(1);
 		c = *p;
 		use(1);
-		size += (c & 0x7fUL) << shift;
+		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
 	}
 	obj->size = size;
@@ -249,16 +329,16 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_
 		base_offset = c & 127;
 		while (c & 128) {
 			base_offset += 1;
-			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
-				bad_object(obj->offset, "offset value overflow for delta base object");
+			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
+				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "offset value overflow for delta base object");
 			p = fill(1);
 			c = *p;
 			use(1);
 			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
 		}
-		delta_base->offset = obj->offset - base_offset;
-		if (delta_base->offset >= obj->offset)
-			bad_object(obj->offset, "delta base offset is out of bound");
+		delta_base->offset = obj->idx.offset - base_offset;
+		if (delta_base->offset <= 0 || delta_base->offset >= obj->idx.offset)
+			bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "delta base offset is out of bound");
 		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
@@ -266,17 +346,19 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_
 	case OBJ_TAG:
 		break;
 	default:
-		bad_object(obj->offset, "unknown object type %d", obj->type);
+		bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "unknown object type %d", obj->type);
 	}
-	obj->hdr_size = consumed_bytes - obj->offset;
+	obj->hdr_size = consumed_bytes - obj->idx.offset;
 
-	return unpack_entry_data(obj->offset, obj->size);
+	data = unpack_entry_data(obj->idx.offset, obj->size);
+	obj->idx.crc32 = input_crc32;
+	return data;
 }
 
 static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 {
-	unsigned long from = obj[0].offset + obj[0].hdr_size;
-	unsigned long len = obj[1].offset - from;
+	off_t from = obj[0].idx.offset + obj[0].hdr_size;
+	unsigned long len = obj[1].idx.offset - from;
 	unsigned long rdy = 0;
 	unsigned char *src, *data;
 	z_stream stream;
@@ -286,8 +368,11 @@ static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 	data = src;
 	do {
 		ssize_t n = pread(pack_fd, data + rdy, len - rdy, from + rdy);
-		if (n <= 0)
-			die("cannot pread pack file: %s", strerror(errno));
+		if (n < 0)
+			die_errno("cannot pread pack file");
+		if (!n)
+			die("premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing",
+			    len - rdy);
 		rdy += n;
 	} while (rdy < len);
 	data = xmalloc(obj->size);
@@ -296,9 +381,9 @@ static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 	stream.avail_out = obj->size;
 	stream.next_in = src;
 	stream.avail_in = len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-	while ((st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) == Z_OK);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	while ((st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) == Z_OK);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if (st != Z_STREAM_END || stream.total_out != obj->size)
 		die("serious inflate inconsistency");
 	free(src);
@@ -326,22 +411,24 @@ static int find_delta(const union delta_base *base)
         return -first-1;
 }
 
-static int find_delta_children(const union delta_base *base,
-			       int *first_index, int *last_index)
+static void find_delta_children(const union delta_base *base,
+				int *first_index, int *last_index)
 {
 	int first = find_delta(base);
 	int last = first;
 	int end = nr_deltas - 1;
 
-	if (first < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if (first < 0) {
+		*first_index = 0;
+		*last_index = -1;
+		return;
+	}
 	while (first > 0 && !memcmp(&deltas[first - 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
 		--first;
 	while (last < end && !memcmp(&deltas[last + 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
 		++last;
 	*first_index = first;
 	*last_index = last;
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static void sha1_object(const void *data, unsigned long size,
@@ -360,49 +447,138 @@ static void sha1_object(const void *data, unsigned long size,
 			die("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		free(has_data);
 	}
+	if (strict) {
+		if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
+			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
+			if (blob)
+				blob->object.flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
+			else
+				die("invalid blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		} else {
+			struct object *obj;
+			int eaten;
+			void *buf = (void *) data;
+
+			/*
+			 * we do not need to free the memory here, as the
+			 * buf is deleted by the caller.
+			 */
+			obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+			if (!obj)
+				die("invalid %s", typename(type));
+			if (fsck_object(obj, 1, fsck_error_function))
+				die("Error in object");
+			if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_link, NULL))
+				die("Not all child objects of %s are reachable", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+
+			if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
+				struct tree *item = (struct tree *) obj;
+				item->buffer = NULL;
+			}
+			if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+				struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
+				commit->buffer = NULL;
+			}
+			obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj, void *base_data,
-			  unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
+static void *get_base_data(struct base_data *c)
 {
-	void *delta_data;
-	unsigned long delta_size;
-	void *result;
-	unsigned long result_size;
-	union delta_base delta_base;
-	int j, first, last;
+	if (!c->data) {
+		struct object_entry *obj = c->obj;
 
-	delta_obj->real_type = type;
+		if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			void *base = get_base_data(c->base);
+			void *raw = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+			c->data = patch_delta(
+				base, c->base->size,
+				raw, obj->size,
+				&c->size);
+			free(raw);
+			if (!c->data)
+				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "failed to apply delta");
+		} else {
+			c->data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+			c->size = obj->size;
+		}
+
+		base_cache_used += c->size;
+		prune_base_data(c);
+	}
+	return c->data;
+}
+
+static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj,
+			  struct base_data *base, struct base_data *result)
+{
+	void *base_data, *delta_data;
+
+	delta_obj->real_type = base->obj->real_type;
 	delta_data = get_data_from_pack(delta_obj);
-	delta_size = delta_obj->size;
-	result = patch_delta(base_data, base_size, delta_data, delta_size,
-			     &result_size);
+	base_data = get_base_data(base);
+	result->obj = delta_obj;
+	result->data = patch_delta(base_data, base->size,
+				   delta_data, delta_obj->size, &result->size);
 	free(delta_data);
-	if (!result)
-		bad_object(delta_obj->offset, "failed to apply delta");
-	sha1_object(result, result_size, type, delta_obj->sha1);
+	if (!result->data)
+		bad_object(delta_obj->idx.offset, "failed to apply delta");
+	sha1_object(result->data, result->size, delta_obj->real_type,
+		    delta_obj->idx.sha1);
 	nr_resolved_deltas++;
+}
+
+static void find_unresolved_deltas(struct base_data *base,
+				   struct base_data *prev_base)
+{
+	int i, ref_first, ref_last, ofs_first, ofs_last;
+
+	/*
+	 * This is a recursive function. Those brackets should help reducing
+	 * stack usage by limiting the scope of the delta_base union.
+	 */
+	{
+		union delta_base base_spec;
+
+		hashcpy(base_spec.sha1, base->obj->idx.sha1);
+		find_delta_children(&base_spec, &ref_first, &ref_last);
+
+		memset(&base_spec, 0, sizeof(base_spec));
+		base_spec.offset = base->obj->idx.offset;
+		find_delta_children(&base_spec, &ofs_first, &ofs_last);
+	}
+
+	if (ref_last == -1 && ofs_last == -1) {
+		free(base->data);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	link_base_data(prev_base, base);
 
-	hashcpy(delta_base.sha1, delta_obj->sha1);
-	if (!find_delta_children(&delta_base, &first, &last)) {
-		for (j = first; j <= last; j++) {
-			struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[j].obj_no;
-			if (child->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA)
-				resolve_delta(child, result, result_size, type);
+	for (i = ref_first; i <= ref_last; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[i].obj_no;
+		if (child->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			struct base_data result;
+			resolve_delta(child, base, &result);
+			if (i == ref_last && ofs_last == -1)
+				free_base_data(base);
+			find_unresolved_deltas(&result, base);
 		}
 	}
 
-	memset(&delta_base, 0, sizeof(delta_base));
-	delta_base.offset = delta_obj->offset;
-	if (!find_delta_children(&delta_base, &first, &last)) {
-		for (j = first; j <= last; j++) {
-			struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[j].obj_no;
-			if (child->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
-				resolve_delta(child, result, result_size, type);
+	for (i = ofs_first; i <= ofs_last; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[i].obj_no;
+		if (child->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			struct base_data result;
+			resolve_delta(child, base, &result);
+			if (i == ofs_last)
+				free_base_data(base);
+			find_unresolved_deltas(&result, base);
 		}
 	}
 
-	free(result);
+	unlink_base_data(base);
 }
 
 static int compare_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
@@ -415,9 +591,8 @@ static int compare_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
 /* Parse all objects and return the pack content SHA1 hash */
 static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int i, percent = -1;
+	int i;
 	struct delta_entry *delta = deltas;
-	void *data;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	/*
@@ -427,35 +602,35 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 	 * - remember base (SHA1 or offset) for all deltas.
 	 */
 	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Indexing %d objects.\n", nr_objects);
+		progress = start_progress(
+				from_stdin ? "Receiving objects" : "Indexing objects",
+				nr_objects);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base);
+		void *data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base);
 		obj->real_type = obj->type;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
 			nr_deltas++;
 			delta->obj_no = i;
 			delta++;
 		} else
-			sha1_object(data, obj->size, obj->type, obj->sha1);
+			sha1_object(data, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
 		free(data);
-		if (verbose)
-			percent = display_progress(i+1, nr_objects, percent);
+		display_progress(progress, i+1);
 	}
-	objects[i].offset = consumed_bytes;
-	if (verbose)
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
+	objects[i].idx.offset = consumed_bytes;
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 
 	/* Check pack integrity */
 	flush();
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &input_ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &input_ctx);
 	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
 		die("pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)");
 	use(20);
 
 	/* If input_fd is a file, we should have reached its end now. */
 	if (fstat(input_fd, &st))
-		die("cannot fstat packfile: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot fstat packfile");
 	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) &&
 			lseek(input_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) - input_len != st.st_size)
 		die("pack has junk at the end");
@@ -476,46 +651,21 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 	 *   for some more deltas.
 	 */
 	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Resolving %d deltas.\n", nr_deltas);
+		progress = start_progress("Resolving deltas", nr_deltas);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		union delta_base base;
-		int j, ref, ref_first, ref_last, ofs, ofs_first, ofs_last;
+		struct base_data base_obj;
 
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 			continue;
-		hashcpy(base.sha1, obj->sha1);
-		ref = !find_delta_children(&base, &ref_first, &ref_last);
-		memset(&base, 0, sizeof(base));
-		base.offset = obj->offset;
-		ofs = !find_delta_children(&base, &ofs_first, &ofs_last);
-		if (!ref && !ofs)
-			continue;
-		data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
-		if (ref)
-			for (j = ref_first; j <= ref_last; j++) {
-				struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[j].obj_no;
-				if (child->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA)
-					resolve_delta(child, data,
-						      obj->size, obj->type);
-			}
-		if (ofs)
-			for (j = ofs_first; j <= ofs_last; j++) {
-				struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[j].obj_no;
-				if (child->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
-					resolve_delta(child, data,
-						      obj->size, obj->type);
-			}
-		free(data);
-		if (verbose)
-			percent = display_progress(nr_resolved_deltas,
-						   nr_deltas, percent);
+		base_obj.obj = obj;
+		base_obj.data = NULL;
+		find_unresolved_deltas(&base_obj, NULL);
+		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
 	}
-	if (verbose && nr_resolved_deltas == nr_deltas)
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
 }
 
-static int write_compressed(int fd, void *in, unsigned int size)
+static int write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
 {
 	z_stream stream;
 	unsigned long maxsize;
@@ -535,12 +685,13 @@ static int write_compressed(int fd, void *in, unsigned int size)
 	deflateEnd(&stream);
 
 	size = stream.total_out;
-	write_or_die(fd, out, size);
+	sha1write(f, out, size);
 	free(out);
 	return size;
 }
 
-static void append_obj_to_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf,
+static struct object_entry *append_obj_to_pack(struct sha1file *f,
+			       const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf,
 			       unsigned long size, enum object_type type)
 {
 	struct object_entry *obj = &objects[nr_objects++];
@@ -555,10 +706,18 @@ static void append_obj_to_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf,
 		s >>= 7;
 	}
 	header[n++] = c;
-	write_or_die(output_fd, header, n);
-	obj[1].offset = obj[0].offset + n;
-	obj[1].offset += write_compressed(output_fd, buf, size);
-	hashcpy(obj->sha1, sha1);
+	crc32_begin(f);
+	sha1write(f, header, n);
+	obj[0].size = size;
+	obj[0].hdr_size = n;
+	obj[0].type = type;
+	obj[0].real_type = type;
+	obj[1].idx.offset = obj[0].idx.offset + n;
+	obj[1].idx.offset += write_compressed(f, buf, size);
+	obj[0].idx.crc32 = crc32_end(f);
+	sha1flush(f);
+	hashcpy(obj->idx.sha1, sha1);
+	return obj;
 }
 
 static int delta_pos_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
@@ -568,10 +727,10 @@ static int delta_pos_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 	return a->obj_no - b->obj_no;
 }
 
-static void fix_unresolved_deltas(int nr_unresolved)
+static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved)
 {
 	struct delta_entry **sorted_by_pos;
-	int i, n = 0, percent = -1;
+	int i, n = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Since many unresolved deltas may well be themselves base objects
@@ -593,154 +752,24 @@ static void fix_unresolved_deltas(int nr_unresolved)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		struct delta_entry *d = sorted_by_pos[i];
-		void *data;
-		unsigned long size;
 		enum object_type type;
-		int j, first, last;
+		struct base_data base_obj;
 
 		if (objects[d->obj_no].real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
 			continue;
-		data = read_sha1_file(d->base.sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!data)
+		base_obj.data = read_sha1_file(d->base.sha1, &type, &base_obj.size);
+		if (!base_obj.data)
 			continue;
 
-		find_delta_children(&d->base, &first, &last);
-		for (j = first; j <= last; j++) {
-			struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[j].obj_no;
-			if (child->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA)
-				resolve_delta(child, data, size, type);
-		}
-
-		if (check_sha1_signature(d->base.sha1, data, size, typename(type)))
+		if (check_sha1_signature(d->base.sha1, base_obj.data,
+				base_obj.size, typename(type)))
 			die("local object %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(d->base.sha1));
-		append_obj_to_pack(d->base.sha1, data, size, type);
-		free(data);
-		if (verbose)
-			percent = display_progress(nr_resolved_deltas,
-						   nr_deltas, percent);
+		base_obj.obj = append_obj_to_pack(f, d->base.sha1,
+					base_obj.data, base_obj.size, type);
+		find_unresolved_deltas(&base_obj, NULL);
+		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
 	}
 	free(sorted_by_pos);
-	if (verbose)
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
-}
-
-static void readjust_pack_header_and_sha1(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct pack_header hdr;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-	int size;
-
-	/* Rewrite pack header with updated object number */
-	if (lseek(output_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("cannot seek back: %s", strerror(errno));
-	if (read_in_full(output_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
-		die("cannot read pack header back: %s", strerror(errno));
-	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_objects);
-	if (lseek(output_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("cannot seek back: %s", strerror(errno));
-	write_or_die(output_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-	if (lseek(output_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("cannot seek back: %s", strerror(errno));
-
-	/* Recompute and store the new pack's SHA1 */
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	do {
-		unsigned char *buf[4096];
-		size = xread(output_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
-		if (size < 0)
-			die("cannot read pack data back: %s", strerror(errno));
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, buf, size);
-	} while (size > 0);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	write_or_die(output_fd, sha1, 20);
-}
-
-static int sha1_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
-{
-	struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
-	struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
-	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
-}
-
-/*
- * On entry *sha1 contains the pack content SHA1 hash, on exit it is
- * the SHA1 hash of sorted object names.
- */
-static const char *write_index_file(const char *index_name, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct sha1file *f;
-	struct object_entry **sorted_by_sha, **list, **last;
-	unsigned int array[256];
-	int i, fd;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-
-	if (nr_objects) {
-		sorted_by_sha =
-			xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry *));
-		list = sorted_by_sha;
-		last = sorted_by_sha + nr_objects;
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; ++i)
-			sorted_by_sha[i] = &objects[i];
-		qsort(sorted_by_sha, nr_objects, sizeof(sorted_by_sha[0]),
-		      sha1_compare);
-
-	}
-	else
-		sorted_by_sha = list = last = NULL;
-
-	if (!index_name) {
-		static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-		snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-			 "%s/tmp_idx_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-		fd = mkstemp(tmpfile);
-		index_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
-	} else {
-		unlink(index_name);
-		fd = open(index_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
-	}
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to create %s: %s", index_name, strerror(errno));
-	f = sha1fd(fd, index_name);
-
-	/*
-	 * Write the first-level table (the list is sorted,
-	 * but we use a 256-entry lookup to be able to avoid
-	 * having to do eight extra binary search iterations).
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		struct object_entry **next = list;
-		while (next < last) {
-			struct object_entry *obj = *next;
-			if (obj->sha1[0] != i)
-				break;
-			next++;
-		}
-		array[i] = htonl(next - sorted_by_sha);
-		list = next;
-	}
-	sha1write(f, array, 256 * sizeof(int));
-
-	/* recompute the SHA1 hash of sorted object names.
-	 * currently pack-objects does not do this, but that
-	 * can be fixed.
-	 */
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	/*
-	 * Write the actual SHA1 entries..
-	 */
-	list = sorted_by_sha;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		struct object_entry *obj = *list++;
-		unsigned int offset = htonl(obj->offset);
-		sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
-		sha1write(f, obj->sha1, 20);
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, obj->sha1, 20);
-	}
-	sha1write(f, sha1, 20);
-	sha1close(f, NULL, 1);
-	free(sorted_by_sha);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	return index_name;
 }
 
 static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
@@ -755,29 +784,32 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 	if (!from_stdin) {
 		close(input_fd);
 	} else {
+		fsync_or_die(output_fd, curr_pack_name);
 		err = close(output_fd);
 		if (err)
-			die("error while closing pack file: %s", strerror(errno));
-		chmod(curr_pack_name, 0444);
+			die_errno("error while closing pack file");
 	}
 
 	if (keep_msg) {
 		int keep_fd, keep_msg_len = strlen(keep_msg);
-		if (!keep_name) {
-			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-				 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			keep_name = name;
-		}
-		keep_fd = open(keep_name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+
+		if (!keep_name)
+			keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), sha1);
+		else
+			keep_fd = open(keep_name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+
 		if (keep_fd < 0) {
 			if (errno != EEXIST)
-				die("cannot write keep file");
+				die_errno("cannot write keep file '%s'",
+					  keep_name);
 		} else {
 			if (keep_msg_len > 0) {
 				write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, keep_msg_len);
 				write_or_die(keep_fd, "\n", 1);
 			}
-			close(keep_fd);
+			if (close(keep_fd) != 0)
+				die_errno("cannot close written keep file '%s'",
+				    keep_name);
 			report = "keep";
 		}
 	}
@@ -790,9 +822,9 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_pack_name, final_pack_name))
 			die("cannot store pack file");
-	}
+	} else if (from_stdin)
+		chmod(final_pack_name, 0444);
 
-	chmod(curr_index_name, 0444);
 	if (final_index_name != curr_index_name) {
 		if (!final_index_name) {
 			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.idx",
@@ -801,7 +833,8 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_index_name, final_index_name))
 			die("cannot store index file");
-	}
+	} else
+		chmod(final_index_name, 0444);
 
 	if (!from_stdin) {
 		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
@@ -825,23 +858,60 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 	}
 }
 
+static int git_index_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.indexversion")) {
+		pack_idx_default_version = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (pack_idx_default_version > 2)
+			die("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32,
+				pack_idx_default_version);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int i, fix_thin_pack = 0;
-	const char *curr_pack, *pack_name = NULL;
-	const char *curr_index, *index_name = NULL;
+	char *curr_pack, *pack_name = NULL;
+	char *curr_index, *index_name = NULL;
 	const char *keep_name = NULL, *keep_msg = NULL;
 	char *index_name_buf = NULL, *keep_name_buf = NULL;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct pack_idx_entry **idx_objects;
+	unsigned char pack_sha1[20];
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	/*
+	 * We wish to read the repository's config file if any, and
+	 * for that it is necessary to call setup_git_directory_gently().
+	 * However if the cwd was inside .git/objects/pack/ then we need
+	 * to go back there or all the pack name arguments will be wrong.
+	 * And in that case we cannot rely on any prefix returned by
+	 * setup_git_directory_gently() either.
+	 */
+	{
+		char cwd[PATH_MAX+1];
+		int nongit;
+
+		if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1))
+			die("Unable to get current working directory");
+		setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+		git_config(git_index_pack_config, NULL);
+		if (chdir(cwd))
+			die("Cannot come back to cwd");
+	}
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stdin")) {
 				from_stdin = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fix-thin")) {
 				fix_thin_pack = 1;
+			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
+				strict = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep")) {
 				keep_msg = "";
 			} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--keep=")) {
@@ -865,6 +935,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				if (index_name || (i+1) >= argc)
 					usage(index_pack_usage);
 				index_name = argv[++i];
+			} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--index-version=")) {
+				char *c;
+				pack_idx_default_version = strtoul(arg + 16, &c, 10);
+				if (pack_idx_default_version > 2)
+					die("bad %s", arg);
+				if (*c == ',')
+					pack_idx_off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
+				if (*c || pack_idx_off32_limit & 0x80000000)
+					die("bad %s", arg);
 			} else
 				usage(index_pack_usage);
 			continue;
@@ -904,11 +983,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	parse_pack_header();
 	objects = xmalloc((nr_objects + 1) * sizeof(struct object_entry));
 	deltas = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(struct delta_entry));
-	if (verbose)
-		setup_progress_signal();
-	parse_pack_objects(sha1);
-	if (nr_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas) {
+	parse_pack_objects(pack_sha1);
+	if (nr_deltas == nr_resolved_deltas) {
+		stop_progress(&progress);
+		/* Flush remaining pack final 20-byte SHA1. */
+		flush();
+	} else {
 		if (fix_thin_pack) {
+			struct sha1file *f;
+			unsigned char read_sha1[20], tail_sha1[20];
+			char msg[48];
 			int nr_unresolved = nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas;
 			int nr_objects_initial = nr_objects;
 			if (nr_unresolved <= 0)
@@ -916,28 +1000,45 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			objects = xrealloc(objects,
 					   (nr_objects + nr_unresolved + 1)
 					   * sizeof(*objects));
-			fix_unresolved_deltas(nr_unresolved);
-			if (verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "%d objects were added to complete this thin pack.\n",
-					nr_objects - nr_objects_initial);
-			readjust_pack_header_and_sha1(sha1);
+			f = sha1fd(output_fd, curr_pack);
+			fix_unresolved_deltas(f, nr_unresolved);
+			sprintf(msg, "completed with %d local objects",
+				nr_objects - nr_objects_initial);
+			stop_progress_msg(&progress, msg);
+			sha1close(f, tail_sha1, 0);
+			hashcpy(read_sha1, pack_sha1);
+			fixup_pack_header_footer(output_fd, pack_sha1,
+						 curr_pack, nr_objects,
+						 read_sha1, consumed_bytes-20);
+			if (hashcmp(read_sha1, tail_sha1) != 0)
+				die("Unexpected tail checksum for %s "
+				    "(disk corruption?)", curr_pack);
 		}
 		if (nr_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas)
 			die("pack has %d unresolved deltas",
 			    nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas);
-	} else {
-		/* Flush remaining pack final 20-byte SHA1. */
-		flush();
 	}
 	free(deltas);
-	curr_index = write_index_file(index_name, sha1);
+	if (strict)
+		check_objects();
+
+	idx_objects = xmalloc((nr_objects) * sizeof(struct pack_idx_entry *));
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
+		idx_objects[i] = &objects[i].idx;
+	curr_index = write_idx_file(index_name, idx_objects, nr_objects, pack_sha1);
+	free(idx_objects);
+
 	final(pack_name, curr_pack,
 		index_name, curr_index,
 		keep_name, keep_msg,
-		sha1);
+		pack_sha1);
 	free(objects);
 	free(index_name_buf);
 	free(keep_name_buf);
+	if (pack_name == NULL)
+		free(curr_pack);
+	if (index_name == NULL)
+		free(curr_index);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/interpolate.c b/interpolate.c
deleted file mode 100644
index fb30694f47..0000000000
--- a/interpolate.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2006 Jon Loeliger
- */
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-#include "interpolate.h"
-
-
-void interp_set_entry(struct interp *table, int slot, const char *value)
-{
-	char *oldval = table[slot].value;
-	char *newval = NULL;
-
-	if (oldval)
-		free(oldval);
-
-	if (value)
-		newval = xstrdup(value);
-
-	table[slot].value = newval;
-}
-
-
-void interp_clear_table(struct interp *table, int ninterps)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ninterps; i++) {
-		interp_set_entry(table, i, NULL);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Convert a NUL-terminated string in buffer orig
- * into the supplied buffer, result, whose length is reslen,
- * performing substitutions on %-named sub-strings from
- * the table, interps, with ninterps entries.
- *
- * Example interps:
- *    {
- *        { "%H", "example.org"},
- *        { "%port", "123"},
- *        { "%%", "%"},
- *    }
- *
- * Returns 1 on a successful substitution pass that fits in result,
- * Returns 0 on a failed or overflowing substitution pass.
- */
-
-int interpolate(char *result, int reslen,
-		const char *orig,
-		const struct interp *interps, int ninterps)
-{
-	const char *src = orig;
-	char *dest = result;
-	int newlen = 0;
-	const char *name, *value;
-	int namelen, valuelen;
-	int i;
-	char c;
-
-        memset(result, 0, reslen);
-
-	while ((c = *src) && newlen < reslen - 1) {
-		if (c == '%') {
-			/* Try to match an interpolation string. */
-			for (i = 0; i < ninterps; i++) {
-				name = interps[i].name;
-				namelen = strlen(name);
-				if (strncmp(src, name, namelen) == 0) {
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-
-			/* Check for valid interpolation. */
-			if (i < ninterps) {
-				value = interps[i].value;
-				valuelen = strlen(value);
-
-				if (newlen + valuelen < reslen - 1) {
-					/* Substitute. */
-					strncpy(dest, value, valuelen);
-					newlen += valuelen;
-					dest += valuelen;
-					src += namelen;
-				} else {
-					/* Something's not fitting. */
-					return 0;
-				}
-
-			} else {
-				/* Skip bogus interpolation. */
-				*dest++ = *src++;
-				newlen++;
-			}
-
-		} else {
-			/* Straight copy one non-interpolation character. */
-			*dest++ = *src++;
-			newlen++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return newlen < reslen - 1;
-}
diff --git a/interpolate.h b/interpolate.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 16a26b9986..0000000000
--- a/interpolate.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2006 Jon Loeliger
- */
-
-#ifndef INTERPOLATE_H
-#define INTERPOLATE_H
-
-/*
- * Convert a NUL-terminated string in buffer orig,
- * performing substitutions on %-named sub-strings from
- * the interpretation table.
- */
-
-struct interp {
-	const char *name;
-	char *value;
-};
-
-extern void interp_set_entry(struct interp *table, int slot, const char *value);
-extern void interp_clear_table(struct interp *table, int ninterps);
-
-extern int interpolate(char *result, int reslen,
-		       const char *orig,
-		       const struct interp *interps, int ninterps);
-
-#endif /* INTERPOLATE_H */
diff --git a/levenshtein.c b/levenshtein.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc281597fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/levenshtein.c
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "levenshtein.h"
+
+/*
+ * This function implements the Damerau-Levenshtein algorithm to
+ * calculate a distance between strings.
+ *
+ * Basically, it says how many letters need to be swapped, substituted,
+ * deleted from, or added to string1, at least, to get string2.
+ *
+ * The idea is to build a distance matrix for the substrings of both
+ * strings.  To avoid a large space complexity, only the last three rows
+ * are kept in memory (if swaps had the same or higher cost as one deletion
+ * plus one insertion, only two rows would be needed).
+ *
+ * At any stage, "i + 1" denotes the length of the current substring of
+ * string1 that the distance is calculated for.
+ *
+ * row2 holds the current row, row1 the previous row (i.e. for the substring
+ * of string1 of length "i"), and row0 the row before that.
+ *
+ * In other words, at the start of the big loop, row2[j + 1] contains the
+ * Damerau-Levenshtein distance between the substring of string1 of length
+ * "i" and the substring of string2 of length "j + 1".
+ *
+ * All the big loop does is determine the partial minimum-cost paths.
+ *
+ * It does so by calculating the costs of the path ending in characters
+ * i (in string1) and j (in string2), respectively, given that the last
+ * operation is a substitution, a swap, a deletion, or an insertion.
+ *
+ * This implementation allows the costs to be weighted:
+ *
+ * - w (as in "sWap")
+ * - s (as in "Substitution")
+ * - a (for insertion, AKA "Add")
+ * - d (as in "Deletion")
+ *
+ * Note that this algorithm calculates a distance _iff_ d == a.
+ */
+int levenshtein(const char *string1, const char *string2,
+		int w, int s, int a, int d)
+{
+	int len1 = strlen(string1), len2 = strlen(string2);
+	int *row0 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
+	int *row1 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
+	int *row2 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (j = 0; j <= len2; j++)
+		row1[j] = j * a;
+	for (i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
+		int *dummy;
+
+		row2[0] = (i + 1) * d;
+		for (j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
+			/* substitution */
+			row2[j + 1] = row1[j] + s * (string1[i] != string2[j]);
+			/* swap */
+			if (i > 0 && j > 0 && string1[i - 1] == string2[j] &&
+					string1[i] == string2[j - 1] &&
+					row2[j + 1] > row0[j - 1] + w)
+				row2[j + 1] = row0[j - 1] + w;
+			/* deletion */
+			if (row2[j + 1] > row1[j + 1] + d)
+				row2[j + 1] = row1[j + 1] + d;
+			/* insertion */
+			if (row2[j + 1] > row2[j] + a)
+				row2[j + 1] = row2[j] + a;
+		}
+
+		dummy = row0;
+		row0 = row1;
+		row1 = row2;
+		row2 = dummy;
+	}
+
+	i = row1[len2];
+	free(row0);
+	free(row1);
+	free(row2);
+
+	return i;
+}
diff --git a/levenshtein.h b/levenshtein.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0173abeef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/levenshtein.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef LEVENSHTEIN_H
+#define LEVENSHTEIN_H
+
+int levenshtein(const char *string1, const char *string2,
+	int swap_penalty, int substition_penalty,
+	int insertion_penalty, int deletion_penalty);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index 2ba2c958e0..8953548c07 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct blob *blob,
-			 struct object_array *p,
+			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct name_path *path,
 			 const char *name)
 {
@@ -18,16 +18,48 @@ static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	if (!revs->blob_objects)
 		return;
+	if (!obj)
+		die("bad blob object");
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	name = xstrdup(name);
-	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
+	show(obj, path, name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Processing a gitlink entry currently does nothing, since
+ * we do not recurse into the subproject.
+ *
+ * We *could* eventually add a flag that actually does that,
+ * which would involve:
+ *  - is the subproject actually checked out?
+ *  - if so, see if the subproject has already been added
+ *    to the alternates list, and add it if not.
+ *  - process the commit (or tag) the gitlink points to
+ *    recursively.
+ *
+ * However, it's unclear whether there is really ever any
+ * reason to see superprojects and subprojects as such a
+ * "unified" object pool (potentially resulting in a totally
+ * humongous pack - avoiding which was the whole point of
+ * having gitlinks in the first place!).
+ *
+ * So for now, there is just a note that we *could* follow
+ * the link, and how to do it. Whether it necessarily makes
+ * any sense what-so-ever to ever do that is another issue.
+ */
+static void process_gitlink(struct rev_info *revs,
+			    const unsigned char *sha1,
+			    show_object_fn show,
+			    struct name_path *path,
+			    const char *name)
+{
+	/* Nothing to do */
 }
 
 static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct tree *tree,
-			 struct object_array *p,
+			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct name_path *path,
 			 const char *name)
 {
@@ -38,13 +70,14 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	if (!revs->tree_objects)
 		return;
+	if (!obj)
+		die("bad tree object");
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	name = xstrdup(name);
-	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
+	show(obj, path, name);
 	me.up = path;
 	me.elem = name;
 	me.elem_len = strlen(name);
@@ -55,11 +88,14 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			process_tree(revs,
 				     lookup_tree(entry.sha1),
-				     p, &me, entry.path);
+				     show, &me, entry.path);
+		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
+			process_gitlink(revs, entry.sha1,
+					show, &me, entry.path);
 		else
 			process_blob(revs,
 				     lookup_blob(entry.sha1),
-				     p, &me, entry.path);
+				     show, &me, entry.path);
 	}
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
@@ -98,17 +134,22 @@ void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct commit_list *list,
 	}
 }
 
+static void add_pending_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
+}
+
 void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
-			  void (*show_commit)(struct commit *),
-			  void (*show_object)(struct object_array_entry *))
+			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			  show_object_fn show_object,
+			  void *data)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	struct object_array objects = { 0, 0, NULL };
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		process_tree(revs, commit->tree, &objects, NULL, "");
-		show_commit(commit);
+		add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
+		show_commit(commit, data);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *pending = revs->pending.objects + i;
@@ -118,22 +159,26 @@ void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
 			continue;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			obj->flags |= SEEN;
-			add_object_array(obj, name, &objects);
+			show_object(obj, NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, &objects,
+			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, show_object,
 				     NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, &objects,
+			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, show_object,
 				     NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)",
 		    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < objects.nr; i++)
-		show_object(&objects.objects[i]);
+	if (revs->pending.nr) {
+		free(revs->pending.objects);
+		revs->pending.nr = 0;
+		revs->pending.alloc = 0;
+		revs->pending.objects = NULL;
+	}
 }
diff --git a/list-objects.h b/list-objects.h
index 0f41391ecc..d65dbf03e6 100644
--- a/list-objects.h
+++ b/list-objects.h
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_H
 #define LIST_OBJECTS_H
 
-typedef void (*show_commit_fn)(struct commit *);
-typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object_array_entry *);
+typedef void (*show_commit_fn)(struct commit *, void *);
+typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object *, const struct name_path *, const char *);
 typedef void (*show_edge_fn)(struct commit *);
 
-void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs, show_commit_fn, show_object_fn);
+void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *, show_commit_fn, show_object_fn, void *);
 
 void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct commit_list *, struct rev_info *, show_edge_fn);
 
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0571564ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+/*
+ * Low level 3-way in-core file merge.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Junio C Hamano
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+
+struct ll_merge_driver;
+
+typedef int (*ll_merge_fn)(const struct ll_merge_driver *,
+			   mmbuffer_t *result,
+			   const char *path,
+			   mmfile_t *orig,
+			   mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
+			   mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
+			   int virtual_ancestor);
+
+struct ll_merge_driver {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *description;
+	ll_merge_fn fn;
+	const char *recursive;
+	struct ll_merge_driver *next;
+	char *cmdline;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Built-in low-levels
+ */
+static int ll_binary_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
+			   mmbuffer_t *result,
+			   const char *path_unused,
+			   mmfile_t *orig,
+			   mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
+			   mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
+			   int virtual_ancestor)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The tentative merge result is "ours" for the final round,
+	 * or common ancestor for an internal merge.  Still return
+	 * "conflicted merge" status.
+	 */
+	mmfile_t *stolen = virtual_ancestor ? orig : src1;
+
+	result->ptr = stolen->ptr;
+	result->size = stolen->size;
+	stolen->ptr = NULL;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
+			mmbuffer_t *result,
+			const char *path,
+			mmfile_t *orig,
+			mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
+			mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
+			int virtual_ancestor)
+{
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	int style = 0;
+
+	if (buffer_is_binary(orig->ptr, orig->size) ||
+	    buffer_is_binary(src1->ptr, src1->size) ||
+	    buffer_is_binary(src2->ptr, src2->size)) {
+		warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s (%s vs. %s)\n",
+			path, name1, name2);
+		return ll_binary_merge(drv_unused, result,
+				       path,
+				       orig, src1, name1,
+				       src2, name2,
+				       virtual_ancestor);
+	}
+
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0)
+		style = git_xmerge_style;
+	return xdl_merge(orig,
+			 src1, name1,
+			 src2, name2,
+			 &xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS | style,
+			 result);
+}
+
+static int ll_union_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
+			  mmbuffer_t *result,
+			  const char *path_unused,
+			  mmfile_t *orig,
+			  mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
+			  mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
+			  int virtual_ancestor)
+{
+	char *src, *dst;
+	long size;
+	const int marker_size = 7;
+	int status, saved_style;
+
+	/* We have to force the RCS "merge" style */
+	saved_style = git_xmerge_style;
+	git_xmerge_style = 0;
+	status = ll_xdl_merge(drv_unused, result, path_unused,
+			      orig, src1, NULL, src2, NULL,
+			      virtual_ancestor);
+	git_xmerge_style = saved_style;
+	if (status <= 0)
+		return status;
+	size = result->size;
+	src = dst = result->ptr;
+	while (size) {
+		char ch;
+		if ((marker_size < size) &&
+		    (*src == '<' || *src == '=' || *src == '>')) {
+			int i;
+			ch = *src;
+			for (i = 0; i < marker_size; i++)
+				if (src[i] != ch)
+					goto not_a_marker;
+			if (src[marker_size] != '\n')
+				goto not_a_marker;
+			src += marker_size + 1;
+			size -= marker_size + 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+	not_a_marker:
+		do {
+			ch = *src++;
+			*dst++ = ch;
+			size--;
+		} while (ch != '\n' && size);
+	}
+	result->size = dst - result->ptr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define LL_BINARY_MERGE 0
+#define LL_TEXT_MERGE 1
+#define LL_UNION_MERGE 2
+static struct ll_merge_driver ll_merge_drv[] = {
+	{ "binary", "built-in binary merge", ll_binary_merge },
+	{ "text", "built-in 3-way text merge", ll_xdl_merge },
+	{ "union", "built-in union merge", ll_union_merge },
+};
+
+static void create_temp(mmfile_t *src, char *path)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+	fd = xmkstemp(path);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, src->ptr, src->size) != src->size)
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
+	close(fd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * User defined low-level merge driver support.
+ */
+static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
+			mmbuffer_t *result,
+			const char *path,
+			mmfile_t *orig,
+			mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
+			mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
+			int virtual_ancestor)
+{
+	char temp[3][50];
+	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[] = {
+		{ "O", temp[0] },
+		{ "A", temp[1] },
+		{ "B", temp[2] },
+		{ NULL }
+	};
+	const char *args[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
+	int status, fd, i;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (fn->cmdline == NULL)
+		die("custom merge driver %s lacks command line.", fn->name);
+
+	result->ptr = NULL;
+	result->size = 0;
+	create_temp(orig, temp[0]);
+	create_temp(src1, temp[1]);
+	create_temp(src2, temp[2]);
+
+	strbuf_expand(&cmd, fn->cmdline, strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
+
+	args[2] = cmd.buf;
+	status = run_command_v_opt(args, 0);
+	if (status < -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK)
+		; /* failure in run-command */
+	else
+		status = -status;
+	fd = open(temp[1], O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		goto bad;
+	if (fstat(fd, &st))
+		goto close_bad;
+	result->size = st.st_size;
+	result->ptr = xmalloc(result->size + 1);
+	if (read_in_full(fd, result->ptr, result->size) != result->size) {
+		free(result->ptr);
+		result->ptr = NULL;
+		result->size = 0;
+	}
+ close_bad:
+	close(fd);
+ bad:
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+		unlink_or_warn(temp[i]);
+	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * merge.default and merge.driver configuration items
+ */
+static struct ll_merge_driver *ll_user_merge, **ll_user_merge_tail;
+static const char *default_ll_merge;
+
+static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct ll_merge_driver *fn;
+	const char *ep, *name;
+	int namelen;
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.default")) {
+		if (value)
+			default_ll_merge = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We are not interested in anything but "merge.<name>.variable";
+	 * especially, we do not want to look at variables such as
+	 * "merge.summary", "merge.tool", and "merge.verbosity".
+	 */
+	if (prefixcmp(var, "merge.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 5)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Find existing one as we might be processing merge.<name>.var2
+	 * after seeing merge.<name>.var1.
+	 */
+	name = var + 6;
+	namelen = ep - name;
+	for (fn = ll_user_merge; fn; fn = fn->next)
+		if (!strncmp(fn->name, name, namelen) && !fn->name[namelen])
+			break;
+	if (!fn) {
+		fn = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ll_merge_driver));
+		fn->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		fn->fn = ll_ext_merge;
+		*ll_user_merge_tail = fn;
+		ll_user_merge_tail = &(fn->next);
+	}
+
+	ep++;
+
+	if (!strcmp("name", ep)) {
+		if (!value)
+			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
+		fn->description = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("driver", ep)) {
+		if (!value)
+			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
+		/*
+		 * merge.<name>.driver specifies the command line:
+		 *
+		 *	command-line
+		 *
+		 * The command-line will be interpolated with the following
+		 * tokens and is given to the shell:
+		 *
+		 *    %O - temporary file name for the merge base.
+		 *    %A - temporary file name for our version.
+		 *    %B - temporary file name for the other branches' version.
+		 *
+		 * The external merge driver should write the results in the
+		 * file named by %A, and signal that it has done with zero exit
+		 * status.
+		 */
+		fn->cmdline = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("recursive", ep)) {
+		if (!value)
+			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
+		fn->recursive = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void initialize_ll_merge(void)
+{
+	if (ll_user_merge_tail)
+		return;
+	ll_user_merge_tail = &ll_user_merge;
+	git_config(read_merge_config, NULL);
+}
+
+static const struct ll_merge_driver *find_ll_merge_driver(const char *merge_attr)
+{
+	struct ll_merge_driver *fn;
+	const char *name;
+	int i;
+
+	initialize_ll_merge();
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(merge_attr))
+		return &ll_merge_drv[LL_TEXT_MERGE];
+	else if (ATTR_FALSE(merge_attr))
+		return &ll_merge_drv[LL_BINARY_MERGE];
+	else if (ATTR_UNSET(merge_attr)) {
+		if (!default_ll_merge)
+			return &ll_merge_drv[LL_TEXT_MERGE];
+		else
+			name = default_ll_merge;
+	}
+	else
+		name = merge_attr;
+
+	for (fn = ll_user_merge; fn; fn = fn->next)
+		if (!strcmp(fn->name, name))
+			return fn;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ll_merge_drv); i++)
+		if (!strcmp(ll_merge_drv[i].name, name))
+			return &ll_merge_drv[i];
+
+	/* default to the 3-way */
+	return &ll_merge_drv[LL_TEXT_MERGE];
+}
+
+static const char *git_path_check_merge(const char *path)
+{
+	static struct git_attr_check attr_merge_check;
+
+	if (!attr_merge_check.attr)
+		attr_merge_check.attr = git_attr("merge", 5);
+
+	if (git_checkattr(path, 1, &attr_merge_check))
+		return NULL;
+	return attr_merge_check.value;
+}
+
+int ll_merge(mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
+	     const char *path,
+	     mmfile_t *ancestor,
+	     mmfile_t *ours, const char *our_label,
+	     mmfile_t *theirs, const char *their_label,
+	     int virtual_ancestor)
+{
+	const char *ll_driver_name;
+	const struct ll_merge_driver *driver;
+
+	ll_driver_name = git_path_check_merge(path);
+	driver = find_ll_merge_driver(ll_driver_name);
+
+	if (virtual_ancestor && driver->recursive)
+		driver = find_ll_merge_driver(driver->recursive);
+	return driver->fn(driver, result_buf, path,
+			  ancestor,
+			  ours, our_label,
+			  theirs, their_label, virtual_ancestor);
+}
diff --git a/ll-merge.h b/ll-merge.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5388422d09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ll-merge.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/*
+ * Low level 3-way in-core file merge.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LL_MERGE_H
+#define LL_MERGE_H
+
+int ll_merge(mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
+	     const char *path,
+	     mmfile_t *ancestor,
+	     mmfile_t *ours, const char *our_label,
+	     mmfile_t *theirs, const char *their_label,
+	     int virtual_ancestor);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/local-fetch.c b/local-fetch.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4b650efa8b..0000000000
--- a/local-fetch.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,254 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2005 Junio C Hamano
- */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "fetch.h"
-
-static int use_link;
-static int use_symlink;
-static int use_filecopy = 1;
-static int commits_on_stdin;
-
-static const char *path; /* "Remote" git repository */
-
-void prefetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-}
-
-static struct packed_git *packs;
-
-static void setup_index(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *new_pack;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	strcpy(filename, path);
-	strcat(filename, "/objects/pack/pack-");
-	strcat(filename, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	strcat(filename, ".idx");
-	new_pack = parse_pack_index_file(sha1, filename);
-	new_pack->next = packs;
-	packs = new_pack;
-}
-
-static int setup_indices(void)
-{
-	DIR *dir;
-	struct dirent *de;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	sprintf(filename, "%s/objects/pack/", path);
-	dir = opendir(filename);
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
-	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		int namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
-		if (namelen != 50 ||
-		    !has_extension(de->d_name, ".pack"))
-			continue;
-		get_sha1_hex(de->d_name + 5, sha1);
-		setup_index(sha1);
-	}
-	closedir(dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int copy_file(const char *source, char *dest, const char *hex,
-		     int warn_if_not_exists)
-{
-	safe_create_leading_directories(dest);
-	if (use_link) {
-		if (!link(source, dest)) {
-			pull_say("link %s\n", hex);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		/* If we got ENOENT there is no point continuing. */
-		if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			if (!warn_if_not_exists)
-				return -1;
-			return error("does not exist %s", source);
-		}
-	}
-	if (use_symlink) {
-		struct stat st;
-		if (stat(source, &st)) {
-			if (!warn_if_not_exists && errno == ENOENT)
-				return -1;
-			return error("cannot stat %s: %s", source,
-				     strerror(errno));
-		}
-		if (!symlink(source, dest)) {
-			pull_say("symlink %s\n", hex);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	if (use_filecopy) {
-		int ifd, ofd, status = 0;
-
-		ifd = open(source, O_RDONLY);
-		if (ifd < 0) {
-			if (!warn_if_not_exists && errno == ENOENT)
-				return -1;
-			return error("cannot open %s", source);
-		}
-		ofd = open(dest, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-		if (ofd < 0) {
-			close(ifd);
-			return error("cannot open %s", dest);
-		}
-		status = copy_fd(ifd, ofd);
-		close(ofd);
-		if (status)
-			return error("cannot write %s", dest);
-		pull_say("copy %s\n", hex);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return error("failed to copy %s with given copy methods.", hex);
-}
-
-static int fetch_pack(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *target;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	if (setup_indices())
-		return -1;
-	target = find_sha1_pack(sha1, packs);
-	if (!target)
-		return error("Couldn't find %s: not separate or in any pack", 
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	if (get_verbosely) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-		fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-	sprintf(filename, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.pack", 
-		path, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-	copy_file(filename, sha1_pack_name(target->sha1),
-		  sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), 1);
-	sprintf(filename, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.idx", 
-		path, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-	copy_file(filename, sha1_pack_index_name(target->sha1),
-		  sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), 1);
-	install_packed_git(target);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fetch_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static int object_name_start = -1;
-	static char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	char *dest_filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-
- 	if (object_name_start < 0) {
-		strcpy(filename, path); /* e.g. git.git */
-		strcat(filename, "/objects/");
-		object_name_start = strlen(filename);
-	}
-	filename[object_name_start+0] = hex[0];
-	filename[object_name_start+1] = hex[1];
-	filename[object_name_start+2] = '/';
-	strcpy(filename + object_name_start + 3, hex + 2);
-	return copy_file(filename, dest_filename, hex, 0);
-}
-
-int fetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		return 0;
-	else
-		return fetch_file(sha1) && fetch_pack(sha1);
-}
-
-int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static int ref_name_start = -1;
-	static char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	static char hex[41];
-	int ifd;
-
-	if (ref_name_start < 0) {
-		sprintf(filename, "%s/refs/", path);
-		ref_name_start = strlen(filename);
-	}
-	strcpy(filename + ref_name_start, ref);
-	ifd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-	if (ifd < 0) {
-		close(ifd);
-		return error("cannot open %s", filename);
-	}
-	if (read_in_full(ifd, hex, 40) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1)) {
-		close(ifd);
-		return error("cannot read from %s", filename);
-	}
-	close(ifd);
-	pull_say("ref %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char local_pull_usage[] =
-"git-local-fetch [-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [-w filename] [--recover] [-l] [-s] [-n] [--stdin] commit-id path";
-
-/*
- * By default we only use file copy.
- * If -l is specified, a hard link is attempted.
- * If -s is specified, then a symlink is attempted.
- * If -n is _not_ specified, then a regular file-to-file copy is done.
- */
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
-{
-	int commits;
-	const char **write_ref = NULL;
-	char **commit_id;
-	int arg = 1;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
-		if (argv[arg][1] == 't')
-			get_tree = 1;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'c')
-			get_history = 1;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'a') {
-			get_all = 1;
-			get_tree = 1;
-			get_history = 1;
-		}
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'l')
-			use_link = 1;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 's')
-			use_symlink = 1;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'n')
-			use_filecopy = 0;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'v')
-			get_verbosely = 1;
-		else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w')
-			write_ref = &argv[++arg];
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--recover"))
-			get_recover = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--stdin"))
-			commits_on_stdin = 1;
-		else
-			usage(local_pull_usage);
-		arg++;
-	}
-	if (argc < arg + 2 - commits_on_stdin)
-		usage(local_pull_usage);
-	if (commits_on_stdin) {
-		commits = pull_targets_stdin(&commit_id, &write_ref);
-	} else {
-		commit_id = (char **) &argv[arg++];
-		commits = 1;
-	}
-	path = argv[arg];
-
-	if (pull(commits, commit_id, write_ref, path))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (commits_on_stdin)
-		pull_targets_free(commits, commit_id, write_ref);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/lockfile.c b/lockfile.c
index bed6b21daf..eb931eded5 100644
--- a/lockfile.c
+++ b/lockfile.c
@@ -2,15 +2,22 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static struct lock_file *lock_file_list;
 static const char *alternate_index_output;
 
 static void remove_lock_file(void)
 {
+	pid_t me = getpid();
+
 	while (lock_file_list) {
-		if (lock_file_list->filename[0])
-			unlink(lock_file_list->filename);
+		if (lock_file_list->owner == me &&
+		    lock_file_list->filename[0]) {
+			if (lock_file_list->fd >= 0)
+				close(lock_file_list->fd);
+			unlink_or_warn(lock_file_list->filename);
+		}
 		lock_file_list = lock_file_list->next;
 	}
 }
@@ -18,57 +25,214 @@ static void remove_lock_file(void)
 static void remove_lock_file_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_lock_file();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
-static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path)
+/*
+ * p = absolute or relative path name
+ *
+ * Return a pointer into p showing the beginning of the last path name
+ * element.  If p is empty or the root directory ("/"), just return p.
+ */
+static char *last_path_elm(char *p)
+{
+	/* r starts pointing to null at the end of the string */
+	char *r = strchr(p, '\0');
+
+	if (r == p)
+		return p; /* just return empty string */
+
+	r--; /* back up to last non-null character */
+
+	/* back up past trailing slashes, if any */
+	while (r > p && *r == '/')
+		r--;
+
+	/*
+	 * then go backwards until I hit a slash, or the beginning of
+	 * the string
+	 */
+	while (r > p && *(r-1) != '/')
+		r--;
+	return r;
+}
+
+
+/* We allow "recursive" symbolic links. Only within reason, though */
+#define MAXDEPTH 5
+
+/*
+ * p = path that may be a symlink
+ * s = full size of p
+ *
+ * If p is a symlink, attempt to overwrite p with a path to the real
+ * file or directory (which may or may not exist), following a chain of
+ * symlinks if necessary.  Otherwise, leave p unmodified.
+ *
+ * This is a best-effort routine.  If an error occurs, p will either be
+ * left unmodified or will name a different symlink in a symlink chain
+ * that started with p's initial contents.
+ *
+ * Always returns p.
+ */
+
+static char *resolve_symlink(char *p, size_t s)
+{
+	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
+
+	while (depth--) {
+		char link[PATH_MAX];
+		int link_len = readlink(p, link, sizeof(link));
+		if (link_len < 0) {
+			/* not a symlink anymore */
+			return p;
+		}
+		else if (link_len < sizeof(link))
+			/* readlink() never null-terminates */
+			link[link_len] = '\0';
+		else {
+			warning("%s: symlink too long", p);
+			return p;
+		}
+
+		if (is_absolute_path(link)) {
+			/* absolute path simply replaces p */
+			if (link_len < s)
+				strcpy(p, link);
+			else {
+				warning("%s: symlink too long", p);
+				return p;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * link is a relative path, so I must replace the
+			 * last element of p with it.
+			 */
+			char *r = (char *)last_path_elm(p);
+			if (r - p + link_len < s)
+				strcpy(r, link);
+			else {
+				warning("%s: symlink too long", p);
+				return p;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return p;
+}
+
+
+static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 {
-	int fd;
-	sprintf(lk->filename, "%s.lock", path);
-	fd = open(lk->filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	if (0 <= fd) {
+	if (strlen(path) >= sizeof(lk->filename))
+		return -1;
+	strcpy(lk->filename, path);
+	/*
+	 * subtract 5 from size to make sure there's room for adding
+	 * ".lock" for the lock file name
+	 */
+	if (!(flags & LOCK_NODEREF))
+		resolve_symlink(lk->filename, sizeof(lk->filename)-5);
+	strcat(lk->filename, ".lock");
+	lk->fd = open(lk->filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	if (0 <= lk->fd) {
+		if (!lock_file_list) {
+			sigchain_push_common(remove_lock_file_on_signal);
+			atexit(remove_lock_file);
+		}
+		lk->owner = getpid();
 		if (!lk->on_list) {
 			lk->next = lock_file_list;
 			lock_file_list = lk;
 			lk->on_list = 1;
 		}
-		if (lock_file_list) {
-			signal(SIGINT, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			atexit(remove_lock_file);
-		}
 		if (adjust_shared_perm(lk->filename))
 			return error("cannot fix permission bits on %s",
 				     lk->filename);
 	}
 	else
 		lk->filename[0] = 0;
+	return lk->fd;
+}
+
+
+NORETURN void unable_to_lock_index_die(const char *path, int err)
+{
+	if (err == EEXIST) {
+		die("Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n\n"
+		    "If no other git process is currently running, this probably means a\n"
+		    "git process crashed in this repository earlier. Make sure no other git\n"
+		    "process is running and remove the file manually to continue.",
+		    path, strerror(err));
+	} else {
+		die("Unable to create '%s.lock': %s", path, strerror(err));
+	}
+}
+
+int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
+{
+	int fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
+	if (fd < 0 && (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR))
+		unable_to_lock_index_die(path, errno);
 	return fd;
 }
 
-int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int die_on_error)
+int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 {
-	int fd = lock_file(lk, path);
-	if (fd < 0 && die_on_error)
-		die("unable to create '%s.lock': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	int fd, orig_fd;
+
+	fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+			unable_to_lock_index_die(path, errno);
+		return fd;
+	}
+
+	orig_fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (orig_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT) {
+			if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+				die("cannot open '%s' for copying", path);
+			close(fd);
+			return error("cannot open '%s' for copying", path);
+		}
+	} else if (copy_fd(orig_fd, fd)) {
+		if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+			exit(128);
+		close(fd);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	return fd;
 }
 
+int close_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	int fd = lk->fd;
+	lk->fd = -1;
+	return close(fd);
+}
+
 int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
 {
 	char result_file[PATH_MAX];
-	int i;
+	size_t i;
+	if (lk->fd >= 0 && close_lock_file(lk))
+		return -1;
 	strcpy(result_file, lk->filename);
 	i = strlen(result_file) - 5; /* .lock */
 	result_file[i] = 0;
-	i = rename(lk->filename, result_file);
+	if (rename(lk->filename, result_file))
+		return -1;
 	lk->filename[0] = 0;
-	return i;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk, int die_on_error)
 {
-	return hold_lock_file_for_update(lk, get_index_file(), die_on_error);
+	return hold_lock_file_for_update(lk, get_index_file(),
+					 die_on_error
+					 ? LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR
+					 : 0);
 }
 
 void set_alternate_index_output(const char *name)
@@ -79,9 +243,12 @@ void set_alternate_index_output(const char *name)
 int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk)
 {
 	if (alternate_index_output) {
-		int result = rename(lk->filename, alternate_index_output);
+		if (lk->fd >= 0 && close_lock_file(lk))
+			return -1;
+		if (rename(lk->filename, alternate_index_output))
+			return -1;
 		lk->filename[0] = 0;
-		return result;
+		return 0;
 	}
 	else
 		return commit_lock_file(lk);
@@ -89,8 +256,10 @@ int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk)
 
 void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
 {
-	if (lk->filename[0])
-		unlink(lk->filename);
+	if (lk->filename[0]) {
+		if (lk->fd >= 0)
+			close(lk->fd);
+		unlink_or_warn(lk->filename);
+	}
 	lk->filename[0] = 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index 8797aa14c4..6f73c17d74 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -1,16 +1,78 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "graph.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct decoration name_decoration = { "object names" };
+
+static void add_name_decoration(const char *prefix, const char *name, struct object *obj)
+{
+	int plen = strlen(prefix);
+	int nlen = strlen(name);
+	struct name_decoration *res = xmalloc(sizeof(struct name_decoration) + plen + nlen);
+	memcpy(res->name, prefix, plen);
+	memcpy(res->name + plen, name, nlen + 1);
+	res->next = add_decoration(&name_decoration, obj, res);
+}
+
+static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj)
+		return 0;
+	refname = prettify_refname(refname);
+	add_name_decoration("", refname, obj);
+	while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		obj = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged;
+		if (!obj)
+			break;
+		add_name_decoration("tag: ", refname, obj);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void load_ref_decorations(void)
+{
+	static int loaded;
+	if (!loaded) {
+		loaded = 1;
+		for_each_ref(add_ref_decoration, NULL);
+	}
+}
 
 static void show_parents(struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
 {
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	for (p = commit->parents; p ; p = p->next) {
 		struct commit *parent = p->item;
-		printf(" %s", diff_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1, abbrev));
+		printf(" %s", find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1, abbrev));
+	}
+}
+
+void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	const char *prefix;
+	struct name_decoration *decoration;
+
+	if (opt->show_source && commit->util)
+		printf("\t%s", (char *) commit->util);
+	if (!opt->show_decorations)
+		return;
+	decoration = lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object);
+	if (!decoration)
+		return;
+	prefix = " (";
+	while (decoration) {
+		printf("%s%s", prefix, decoration->name);
+		prefix = ", ";
+		decoration = decoration->next;
 	}
+	putchar(')');
 }
 
 /*
@@ -19,18 +81,18 @@ static void show_parents(struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
  */
 static int detect_any_signoff(char *letter, int size)
 {
-	char ch, *cp;
+	char *cp;
 	int seen_colon = 0;
 	int seen_at = 0;
 	int seen_name = 0;
 	int seen_head = 0;
 
 	cp = letter + size;
-	while (letter <= --cp && (ch = *cp) == '\n')
+	while (letter <= --cp && *cp == '\n')
 		continue;
 
 	while (letter <= cp) {
-		ch = *cp--;
+		char ch = *cp--;
 		if (ch == '\n')
 			break;
 
@@ -60,16 +122,14 @@ static int detect_any_signoff(char *letter, int size)
 	return seen_head && seen_name;
 }
 
-static int append_signoff(char *buf, int buf_sz, int at, const char *signoff)
+static void append_signoff(struct strbuf *sb, const char *signoff)
 {
 	static const char signed_off_by[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
-	int signoff_len = strlen(signoff);
+	size_t signoff_len = strlen(signoff);
 	int has_signoff = 0;
-	char *cp = buf;
+	char *cp;
 
-	/* Do we have enough space to add it? */
-	if (buf_sz - at <= strlen(signed_off_by) + signoff_len + 3)
-		return at;
+	cp = sb->buf;
 
 	/* First see if we already have the sign-off by the signer */
 	while ((cp = strstr(cp, signed_off_by))) {
@@ -77,29 +137,25 @@ static int append_signoff(char *buf, int buf_sz, int at, const char *signoff)
 		has_signoff = 1;
 
 		cp += strlen(signed_off_by);
-		if (cp + signoff_len >= buf + at)
+		if (cp + signoff_len >= sb->buf + sb->len)
 			break;
 		if (strncmp(cp, signoff, signoff_len))
 			continue;
 		if (!isspace(cp[signoff_len]))
 			continue;
 		/* we already have him */
-		return at;
+		return;
 	}
 
 	if (!has_signoff)
-		has_signoff = detect_any_signoff(buf, at);
+		has_signoff = detect_any_signoff(sb->buf, sb->len);
 
 	if (!has_signoff)
-		buf[at++] = '\n';
-
-	strcpy(buf + at, signed_off_by);
-	at += strlen(signed_off_by);
-	strcpy(buf + at, signoff);
-	at += signoff_len;
-	buf[at++] = '\n';
-	buf[at] = 0;
-	return at;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, signed_off_by);
+	strbuf_add(sb, signoff, signoff_len);
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
 static unsigned int digits_in_number(unsigned int number)
@@ -112,153 +168,284 @@ static unsigned int digits_in_number(unsigned int number)
 	return result;
 }
 
-void show_log(struct rev_info *opt, const char *sep)
+static int has_non_ascii(const char *s)
+{
+	int ch;
+	if (!s)
+		return 0;
+	while ((ch = *s++) != '\0') {
+		if (non_ascii(ch))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
+			struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int suffix_len = strlen(suffix) + 1;
+	int start_len = buf->len;
+
+	strbuf_addf(buf, commit ? "%04d-" : "%d", nr);
+	if (commit) {
+		int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len;
+
+		format_commit_message(commit, "%f", buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		if (max_len < buf->len)
+			strbuf_setlen(buf, max_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, suffix);
+	}
+}
+
+void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
+			     const char **subject_p,
+			     const char **extra_headers_p,
+			     int *need_8bit_cte_p)
 {
-	static char this_header[16384];
+	const char *subject = NULL;
+	const char *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
+	const char *name = sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
+
+	*need_8bit_cte_p = 0; /* unknown */
+	if (opt->total > 0) {
+		static char buffer[64];
+		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+			 "Subject: [%s %0*d/%d] ",
+			 opt->subject_prefix,
+			 digits_in_number(opt->total),
+			 opt->nr, opt->total);
+		subject = buffer;
+	} else if (opt->total == 0 && opt->subject_prefix && *opt->subject_prefix) {
+		static char buffer[256];
+		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+			 "Subject: [%s] ",
+			 opt->subject_prefix);
+		subject = buffer;
+	} else {
+		subject = "Subject: ";
+	}
+
+	printf("From %s Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n", name);
+	graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
+	if (opt->message_id) {
+		printf("Message-Id: <%s>\n", opt->message_id);
+		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
+	}
+	if (opt->ref_message_ids && opt->ref_message_ids->nr > 0) {
+		int i, n;
+		n = opt->ref_message_ids->nr;
+		printf("In-Reply-To: <%s>\n", opt->ref_message_ids->items[n-1].string);
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+			printf("%s<%s>\n", (i > 0 ? "\t" : "References: "),
+			       opt->ref_message_ids->items[i].string);
+		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
+	}
+	if (opt->mime_boundary) {
+		static char subject_buffer[1024];
+		static char buffer[1024];
+		struct strbuf filename =  STRBUF_INIT;
+		*need_8bit_cte_p = -1; /* NEVER */
+		snprintf(subject_buffer, sizeof(subject_buffer) - 1,
+			 "%s"
+			 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+			 "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;"
+			 " boundary=\"%s%s\"\n"
+			 "\n"
+			 "This is a multi-part message in MIME "
+			 "format.\n"
+			 "--%s%s\n"
+			 "Content-Type: text/plain; "
+			 "charset=UTF-8; format=fixed\n"
+			 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n\n",
+			 extra_headers ? extra_headers : "",
+			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
+			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
+		extra_headers = subject_buffer;
+
+		get_patch_filename(opt->numbered_files ? NULL : commit, opt->nr,
+				    opt->patch_suffix, &filename);
+		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
+			 "\n--%s%s\n"
+			 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
+			 " name=\"%s\"\n"
+			 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+			 "Content-Disposition: %s;"
+			 " filename=\"%s\"\n\n",
+			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
+			 filename.buf,
+			 opt->no_inline ? "attachment" : "inline",
+			 filename.buf);
+		opt->diffopt.stat_sep = buffer;
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+	}
+	*subject_p = subject;
+	*extra_headers_p = extra_headers;
+}
+
+void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
+{
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct log_info *log = opt->loginfo;
 	struct commit *commit = log->commit, *parent = log->parent;
 	int abbrev = opt->diffopt.abbrev;
 	int abbrev_commit = opt->abbrev_commit ? opt->abbrev : 40;
-	const char *extra;
-	int len;
 	const char *subject = NULL, *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
+	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
 
 	opt->loginfo = NULL;
 	if (!opt->verbose_header) {
-		if (opt->left_right) {
+		graph_show_commit(opt->graph);
+
+		if (!opt->graph) {
 			if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
 				putchar('-');
-			else if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-				putchar('<');
-			else
-				putchar('>');
+			else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				putchar('^');
+			else if (opt->left_right) {
+				if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+					putchar('<');
+				else
+					putchar('>');
+			}
 		}
-		fputs(diff_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
-		if (opt->parents)
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
+		if (opt->print_parents)
 			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
+		show_decorations(opt, commit);
+		if (opt->graph && !graph_is_commit_finished(opt->graph)) {
+			putchar('\n');
+			graph_show_remainder(opt->graph);
+		}
 		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * The "oneline" format has several special cases:
-	 *  - The pretty-printed commit lacks a newline at the end
-	 *    of the buffer, but we do want to make sure that we
-	 *    have a newline there. If the separator isn't already
-	 *    a newline, add an extra one.
-	 *  - unlike other log messages, the one-line format does
-	 *    not have an empty line between entries.
+	 * If use_terminator is set, we already handled any record termination
+	 * at the end of the last record.
+	 * Otherwise, add a diffopt.line_termination character before all
+	 * entries but the first.  (IOW, as a separator between entries)
 	 */
-	extra = "";
-	if (*sep != '\n' && opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-		extra = "\n";
-	if (opt->shown_one && opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+	if (opt->shown_one && !opt->use_terminator) {
+		/*
+		 * If entries are separated by a newline, the output
+		 * should look human-readable.  If the last entry ended
+		 * with a newline, print the graph output before this
+		 * newline.  Otherwise it will end up as a completely blank
+		 * line and will look like a gap in the graph.
+		 *
+		 * If the entry separator is not a newline, the output is
+		 * primarily intended for programmatic consumption, and we
+		 * never want the extra graph output before the entry
+		 * separator.
+		 */
+		if (opt->diffopt.line_termination == '\n' &&
+		    !opt->missing_newline)
+			graph_show_padding(opt->graph);
 		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
+	}
 	opt->shown_one = 1;
 
 	/*
+	 * If the history graph was requested,
+	 * print the graph, up to this commit's line
+	 */
+	graph_show_commit(opt->graph);
+
+	/*
 	 * Print header line of header..
 	 */
 
 	if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		char *sha1 = sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
-		if (opt->total > 0) {
-			static char buffer[64];
-			snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-					"Subject: [PATCH %0*d/%d] ",
-					digits_in_number(opt->total),
-					opt->nr, opt->total);
-			subject = buffer;
-		} else if (opt->total == 0)
-			subject = "Subject: [PATCH] ";
-		else
-			subject = "Subject: ";
-
-		printf("From %s Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n", sha1);
-		if (opt->message_id)
-			printf("Message-Id: <%s>\n", opt->message_id);
-		if (opt->ref_message_id)
-			printf("In-Reply-To: <%s>\nReferences: <%s>\n",
-			       opt->ref_message_id, opt->ref_message_id);
-		if (opt->mime_boundary) {
-			static char subject_buffer[1024];
-			static char buffer[1024];
-			snprintf(subject_buffer, sizeof(subject_buffer) - 1,
-				 "%s"
-				 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
-				 "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;"
-				 " boundary=\"%s%s\"\n"
-				 "\n"
-				 "This is a multi-part message in MIME "
-				 "format.\n"
-				 "--%s%s\n"
-				 "Content-Type: text/plain; "
-				 "charset=UTF-8; format=fixed\n"
-				 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n\n",
-				 extra_headers ? extra_headers : "",
-				 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
-				 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
-			extra_headers = subject_buffer;
-
-			snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
-				 "--%s%s\n"
-				 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
-				 " name=\"%s.diff\"\n"
-				 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-				 "Content-Disposition: %s;"
-				 " filename=\"%s.diff\"\n\n",
-				 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
-				 sha1,
-				 opt->no_inline ? "attachment" : "inline",
-				 sha1);
-			opt->diffopt.stat_sep = buffer;
-		}
+		log_write_email_headers(opt, commit, &subject, &extra_headers,
+					&need_8bit_cte);
 	} else if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
-		fputs(diff_get_color(opt->diffopt.color_diff, DIFF_COMMIT),
-		      stdout);
+		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT), stdout);
 		if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 			fputs("commit ", stdout);
-		if (opt->left_right) {
+
+		if (!opt->graph) {
 			if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
 				putchar('-');
-			else if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-				putchar('<');
-			else
-				putchar('>');
+			else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				putchar('^');
+			else if (opt->left_right) {
+				if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+					putchar('<');
+				else
+					putchar('>');
+			}
 		}
-		fputs(diff_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
 		      stdout);
-		if (opt->parents)
+		if (opt->print_parents)
 			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
 		if (parent)
 			printf(" (from %s)",
-			       diff_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
 						  abbrev_commit));
-		printf("%s",
-		       diff_get_color(opt->diffopt.color_diff, DIFF_RESET));
-		putchar(opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE ? ' ' : '\n');
+		show_decorations(opt, commit);
+		printf("%s", diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
+		if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
+			putchar(' ');
+		} else {
+			putchar('\n');
+			graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
+		}
 		if (opt->reflog_info) {
+			/*
+			 * setup_revisions() ensures that opt->reflog_info
+			 * and opt->graph cannot both be set,
+			 * so we don't need to worry about printing the
+			 * graph info here.
+			 */
 			show_reflog_message(opt->reflog_info,
 				    opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-				    opt->relative_date);
-			if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
-				printf("%s", sep);
+				    opt->date_mode);
+			if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 				return;
-			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (!commit->buffer)
+		return;
+
 	/*
 	 * And then the pretty-printed message itself
 	 */
-	len = pretty_print_commit(opt->commit_format, commit, ~0u, this_header,
-				  sizeof(this_header), abbrev, subject,
-				  extra_headers, opt->relative_date);
+	if (need_8bit_cte >= 0)
+		need_8bit_cte = has_non_ascii(opt->add_signoff);
+	pretty_print_commit(opt->commit_format, commit, &msgbuf,
+			    abbrev, subject, extra_headers, opt->date_mode,
+			    need_8bit_cte);
 
 	if (opt->add_signoff)
-		len = append_signoff(this_header, sizeof(this_header), len,
-				     opt->add_signoff);
-	printf("%s%s%s", this_header, extra, sep);
+		append_signoff(&msgbuf, opt->add_signoff);
+	if (opt->show_log_size) {
+		printf("log size %i\n", (int)msgbuf.len);
+		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Set opt->missing_newline if msgbuf doesn't
+	 * end in a newline (including if it is empty)
+	 */
+	if (!msgbuf.len || msgbuf.buf[msgbuf.len - 1] != '\n')
+		opt->missing_newline = 1;
+	else
+		opt->missing_newline = 0;
+
+	if (opt->graph)
+		graph_show_commit_msg(opt->graph, &msgbuf);
+	else
+		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	if (opt->use_terminator) {
+		if (!opt->missing_newline)
+			graph_show_padding(opt->graph);
+		putchar('\n');
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 }
 
 int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *opt)
@@ -279,8 +466,9 @@ int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *opt)
 		 * an extra newline between the end of log and the
 		 * output for readability.
 		 */
-		show_log(opt, opt->diffopt.msg_sep);
-		if (opt->verbose_header &&
+		show_log(opt);
+		if ((opt->diffopt.output_format & ~DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT) &&
+		    opt->verbose_header &&
 		    opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
 			int pch = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 			if ((pch & opt->diffopt.output_format) == pch)
@@ -311,7 +499,7 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 	struct commit_list *parents;
 	unsigned const char *sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
 
-	if (!opt->diff)
+	if (!opt->diff && !DIFF_OPT_TST(&opt->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Root commit? */
@@ -366,9 +554,10 @@ int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 	shown = log_tree_diff(opt, commit, &log);
 	if (!shown && opt->loginfo && opt->always_show_header) {
 		log.parent = NULL;
-		show_log(opt, "");
+		show_log(opt);
 		shown = 1;
 	}
 	opt->loginfo = NULL;
+	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
 	return shown;
 }
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index e82b56a20d..20b5caf1aa 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -11,6 +11,16 @@ void init_log_tree_opt(struct rev_info *);
 int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *);
 int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *, struct commit *);
 int log_tree_opt_parse(struct rev_info *, const char **, int);
-void show_log(struct rev_info *opt, const char *sep);
+void show_log(struct rev_info *opt);
+void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit);
+void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
+			     const char **subject_p,
+			     const char **extra_headers_p,
+			     int *need_8bit_cte_p);
+void load_ref_decorations(void);
+
+#define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
+void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
+			struct strbuf *buf);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f167c005bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
+
+#define DEBUG_MAILMAP 0
+#if DEBUG_MAILMAP
+#define debug_mm(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+static inline void debug_mm(const char *format, ...) {}
+#endif
+
+const char *git_mailmap_file;
+
+struct mailmap_info {
+	char *name;
+	char *email;
+};
+
+struct mailmap_entry {
+	/* name and email for the simple mail-only case */
+	char *name;
+	char *email;
+
+	/* name and email for the complex mail and name matching case */
+	struct string_list namemap;
+};
+
+static void free_mailmap_info(void *p, const char *s)
+{
+	struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)p;
+	debug_mm("mailmap: -- complex: '%s' -> '%s' <%s>\n", s, mi->name, mi->email);
+	free(mi->name);
+	free(mi->email);
+}
+
+static void free_mailmap_entry(void *p, const char *s)
+{
+	struct mailmap_entry *me = (struct mailmap_entry *)p;
+	debug_mm("mailmap: removing entries for <%s>, with %d sub-entries\n", s, me->namemap.nr);
+	debug_mm("mailmap: - simple: '%s' <%s>\n", me->name, me->email);
+	free(me->name);
+	free(me->email);
+
+	me->namemap.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear_func(&me->namemap, free_mailmap_info);
+}
+
+static void add_mapping(struct string_list *map,
+			char *new_name, char *new_email, char *old_name, char *old_email)
+{
+	struct mailmap_entry *me;
+	int index;
+	char *p;
+
+	if (old_email)
+		for (p = old_email; *p; p++)
+			*p = tolower(*p);
+	if (new_email)
+		for (p = new_email; *p; p++)
+			*p = tolower(*p);
+
+	if (old_email == NULL) {
+		old_email = new_email;
+		new_email = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if ((index = string_list_find_insert_index(map, old_email, 1)) < 0) {
+		/* mailmap entry exists, invert index value */
+		index = -1 - index;
+	} else {
+		/* create mailmap entry */
+		struct string_list_item *item = string_list_insert_at_index(index, old_email, map);
+		item->util = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
+		memset(item->util, 0, sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
+		((struct mailmap_entry *)item->util)->namemap.strdup_strings = 1;
+	}
+	me = (struct mailmap_entry *)map->items[index].util;
+
+	if (old_name == NULL) {
+		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (simple) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
+		/* Replace current name and new email for simple entry */
+		free(me->name);
+		free(me->email);
+		if (new_name)
+			me->name = xstrdup(new_name);
+		if (new_email)
+			me->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+	} else {
+		struct mailmap_info *mi = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
+		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (complex) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
+		if (new_name)
+			mi->name = xstrdup(new_name);
+		if (new_email)
+			mi->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+		string_list_insert(old_name, &me->namemap)->util = mi;
+	}
+
+	debug_mm("mailmap:  '%s' <%s> -> '%s' <%s>\n",
+		 old_name, old_email, new_name, new_email);
+}
+
+static char *parse_name_and_email(char *buffer, char **name,
+		char **email, int allow_empty_email)
+{
+	char *left, *right, *nstart, *nend;
+	*name = *email = NULL;
+
+	if ((left = strchr(buffer, '<')) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	if ((right = strchr(left+1, '>')) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	if (!allow_empty_email && (left+1 == right))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* remove whitespace from beginning and end of name */
+	nstart = buffer;
+	while (isspace(*nstart) && nstart < left)
+		++nstart;
+	nend = left-1;
+	while (isspace(*nend) && nend > nstart)
+		--nend;
+
+	*name = (nstart < nend ? nstart : NULL);
+	*email = left+1;
+	*(nend+1) = '\0';
+	*right++ = '\0';
+
+	return (*right == '\0' ? NULL : right);
+}
+
+static int read_single_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	char buffer[1024];
+	FILE *f = (filename == NULL ? NULL : fopen(filename, "r"));
+
+	if (f == NULL)
+		return 1;
+	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL) {
+		char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
+		if (buffer[0] == '#') {
+			static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
+			int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
+			int len = strlen(buffer);
+
+			if (!repo_abbrev)
+				continue;
+
+			if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
+				buffer[--len] = 0;
+			if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
+				char *cp;
+
+				if (repo_abbrev)
+					free(*repo_abbrev);
+				*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
+
+				for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
+					; /* nothing */
+				strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
+			parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
+
+		if (email1)
+			add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
+	}
+	fclose(f);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	map->strdup_strings = 1;
+	/* each failure returns 1, so >1 means both calls failed */
+	return read_single_mailmap(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev) +
+	       read_single_mailmap(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev) > 1;
+}
+
+void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map)
+{
+	debug_mm("mailmap: clearing %d entries...\n", map->nr);
+	map->strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear_func(map, free_mailmap_entry);
+	debug_mm("mailmap: cleared\n");
+}
+
+int map_user(struct string_list *map,
+	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name)
+{
+	char *p;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct mailmap_entry *me;
+	char buf[1024], *mailbuf;
+	int i;
+
+	/* figure out space requirement for email */
+	p = strchr(email, '>');
+	if (!p) {
+		/* email passed in might not be wrapped in <>, but end with a \0 */
+		p = memchr(email, '\0', maxlen_email);
+		if (!p)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	if (p - email + 1 < sizeof(buf))
+		mailbuf = buf;
+	else
+		mailbuf = xmalloc(p - email + 1);
+
+	/* downcase the email address */
+	for (i = 0; i < p - email; i++)
+		mailbuf[i] = tolower(email[i]);
+	mailbuf[i] = 0;
+
+	debug_mm("map_user: map '%s' <%s>\n", name, mailbuf);
+	item = string_list_lookup(mailbuf, map);
+	if (item != NULL) {
+		me = (struct mailmap_entry *)item->util;
+		if (me->namemap.nr) {
+			/* The item has multiple items, so we'll look up on name too */
+			/* If the name is not found, we choose the simple entry      */
+			struct string_list_item *subitem = string_list_lookup(name, &me->namemap);
+			if (subitem)
+				item = subitem;
+		}
+	}
+	if (mailbuf != buf)
+		free(mailbuf);
+	if (item != NULL) {
+		struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)item->util;
+		if (mi->name == NULL && (mi->email == NULL || maxlen_email == 0)) {
+			debug_mm("map_user:  -- (no simple mapping)\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (maxlen_email && mi->email)
+			strlcpy(email, mi->email, maxlen_email);
+		if (maxlen_name && mi->name)
+			strlcpy(name, mi->name, maxlen_name);
+		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%s' <%s>\n", name, mi->email ? mi->email : "");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	debug_mm("map_user:  --\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int map_email(struct string_list *map, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen)
+{
+	return map_user(map, (char *)email, 0, name, maxlen);
+}
diff --git a/mailmap.h b/mailmap.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b2ca3a7de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailmap.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef MAILMAP_H
+#define MAILMAP_H
+
+int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev);
+void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map);
+
+int map_email(struct string_list *mailmap, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen);
+int map_user(struct string_list *mailmap,
+	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/match-trees.c b/match-trees.c
index 23cafe47b4..0fd6df7d6e 100644
--- a/match-trees.c
+++ b/match-trees.c
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ static void match_trees(const unsigned char *hash1,
 			const unsigned char *hash2,
 			int *best_score,
 			char **best_match,
-			char *base,
+			const char *base,
 			int recurse_limit)
 {
 	struct tree_desc one;
@@ -301,4 +301,3 @@ void shift_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
 
 	splice_tree(hash1, add_prefix, hash2, shifted);
 }
-
diff --git a/merge-file.c b/merge-file.c
index 748d15c0e0..3120a95f78 100644
--- a/merge-file.c
+++ b/merge-file.c
@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ static int generate_common_file(mmfile_t *res, mmfile_t *f1, mmfile_t *f2)
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 	xdemitcb_t ecb;
 
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
 	xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_COMMON;
 	ecb.outf = common_outf;
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ static int generate_common_file(mmfile_t *res, mmfile_t *f1, mmfile_t *f2)
 	res->size = 0;
 
 	ecb.priv = res;
-	return xdl_diff(f1, f2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	return xdi_diff(f1, f2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 }
 
 void *merge_file(struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct blob *their, unsigned long *size)
diff --git a/merge-index.c b/merge-index.c
index 5599fd321b..19ddd03e0b 100644
--- a/merge-index.c
+++ b/merge-index.c
@@ -1,46 +1,22 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char *pgm;
-static const char *arguments[9];
 static int one_shot, quiet;
 static int err;
 
-static void run_program(void)
-{
-	struct child_process child;
-	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
-	child.argv = arguments;
-	if (run_command(&child)) {
-		if (one_shot) {
-			err++;
-		} else {
-			if (!quiet)
-				die("merge program failed");
-			exit(1);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 {
 	int found;
-	
+	const char *arguments[] = { pgm, "", "", "", path, "", "", "", NULL };
+	char hexbuf[4][60];
+	char ownbuf[4][60];
+
 	if (pos >= active_nr)
-		die("git-merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
-	arguments[0] = pgm;
-	arguments[1] = "";
-	arguments[2] = "";
-	arguments[3] = "";
-	arguments[4] = path;
-	arguments[5] = "";
-	arguments[6] = "";
-	arguments[7] = "";
-	arguments[8] = NULL;
+		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
 	found = 0;
 	do {
-		static char hexbuf[4][60];
-		static char ownbuf[4][60];
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
 		int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 
@@ -48,13 +24,22 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 			break;
 		found++;
 		strcpy(hexbuf[stage], sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
-		sprintf(ownbuf[stage], "%o", ntohl(ce->ce_mode));
+		sprintf(ownbuf[stage], "%o", ce->ce_mode);
 		arguments[stage] = hexbuf[stage];
 		arguments[stage + 4] = ownbuf[stage];
 	} while (++pos < active_nr);
 	if (!found)
-		die("git-merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
-	run_program();
+		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(arguments, 0)) {
+		if (one_shot)
+			err++;
+		else {
+			if (!quiet)
+				die("merge program failed");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
 	return found;
 }
 
@@ -91,7 +76,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
 
 	if (argc < 3)
-		usage("git-merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | <filename>*)");
+		usage("git merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <filename>*)");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 	read_cache();
@@ -117,7 +104,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				merge_all();
 				continue;
 			}
-			die("git-merge-index: unknown option %s", arg);
+			die("git merge-index: unknown option %s", arg);
 		}
 		merge_file(arg);
 	}
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 3096594b3e..d415c4188d 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -7,16 +7,18 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
-
-static int subtree_merge;
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 static struct tree *shift_tree_object(struct tree *one, struct tree *two)
 {
@@ -33,26 +35,14 @@ static struct tree *shift_tree_object(struct tree *one, struct tree *two)
 }
 
 /*
- * A virtual commit has
- * - (const char *)commit->util set to the name, and
- * - *(int *)commit->object.sha1 set to the virtual id.
+ * A virtual commit has (const char *)commit->util set to the name.
  */
 
-static unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l)
-{
-	unsigned c = 0;
-	for (; l; l = l->next )
-		c++;
-	return c;
-}
-
 static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct commit));
-	static unsigned virtual_id = 1;
 	commit->tree = tree;
 	commit->util = (void*)comment;
-	*(int*)commit->object.sha1 = virtual_id++;
 	/* avoid warnings */
 	commit->object.parsed = 1;
 	return commit;
@@ -83,75 +73,57 @@ struct stage_data
 	unsigned processed:1;
 };
 
-struct output_buffer
-{
-	struct output_buffer *next;
-	char *str;
-};
-
-static struct path_list current_file_set = {NULL, 0, 0, 1};
-static struct path_list current_directory_set = {NULL, 0, 0, 1};
-
-static int call_depth = 0;
-static int verbosity = 2;
-static int buffer_output = 1;
-static int do_progress = 1;
-static unsigned last_percent;
-static unsigned merged_cnt;
-static unsigned total_cnt;
-static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
-static struct output_buffer *output_list, *output_end;
-
-static int show (int v)
+static int show(struct merge_options *o, int v)
 {
-	return (!call_depth && verbosity >= v) || verbosity >= 5;
+	return (!o->call_depth && o->verbosity >= v) || o->verbosity >= 5;
 }
 
-static void output(int v, const char *fmt, ...)
+static void flush_output(struct merge_options *o)
 {
-	va_list args;
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-	if (buffer_output && show(v)) {
-		struct output_buffer *b = xmalloc(sizeof(*b));
-		nfvasprintf(&b->str, fmt, args);
-		b->next = NULL;
-		if (output_end)
-			output_end->next = b;
-		else
-			output_list = b;
-		output_end = b;
-	} else if (show(v)) {
-		int i;
-		for (i = call_depth; i--;)
-			fputs("  ", stdout);
-		vfprintf(stdout, fmt, args);
-		fputc('\n', stdout);
+	if (o->obuf.len) {
+		fputs(o->obuf.buf, stdout);
+		strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
 	}
-	va_end(args);
 }
 
-static void flush_output()
+static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	struct output_buffer *b, *n;
-	for (b = output_list; b; b = n) {
-		int i;
-		for (i = call_depth; i--;)
-			fputs("  ", stdout);
-		fputs(b->str, stdout);
-		fputc('\n', stdout);
-		n = b->next;
-		free(b->str);
-		free(b);
+	int len;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	if (!show(o, v))
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_grow(&o->obuf, o->call_depth * 2 + 2);
+	memset(o->obuf.buf + o->obuf.len, ' ', o->call_depth * 2);
+	strbuf_setlen(&o->obuf, o->obuf.len + o->call_depth * 2);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(o->obuf.buf + o->obuf.len, strbuf_avail(&o->obuf), fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+		len = 0;
+	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&o->obuf)) {
+		strbuf_grow(&o->obuf, len + 2);
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		len = vsnprintf(o->obuf.buf + o->obuf.len, strbuf_avail(&o->obuf), fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&o->obuf)) {
+			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
+		}
 	}
-	output_list = NULL;
-	output_end = NULL;
+	strbuf_setlen(&o->obuf, o->obuf.len + len);
+	strbuf_add(&o->obuf, "\n", 1);
+	if (!o->buffer_output)
+		flush_output(o);
 }
 
-static void output_commit_title(struct commit *commit)
+static void output_commit_title(struct merge_options *o, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	int i;
-	flush_output();
-	for (i = call_depth; i--;)
+	flush_output(o);
+	for (i = o->call_depth; i--;)
 		fputs("  ", stdout);
 	if (commit->util)
 		printf("virtual %s\n", (char *)commit->util);
@@ -174,63 +146,6 @@ static void output_commit_title(struct commit *commit)
 	}
 }
 
-static void progress_interval(int signum)
-{
-	progress_update = 1;
-}
-
-static void setup_progress_signal(void)
-{
-	struct sigaction sa;
-	struct itimerval v;
-
-	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-	sa.sa_handler = progress_interval;
-	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
-
-	v.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
-	v.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
-	v.it_value = v.it_interval;
-	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
-}
-
-static void display_progress()
-{
-	unsigned percent = total_cnt ? merged_cnt * 100 / total_cnt : 0;
-	if (progress_update || percent != last_percent) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
-			percent, merged_cnt, total_cnt);
-		progress_update = 0;
-		last_percent = percent;
-	}
-}
-
-static struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode,
-		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage, int refresh)
-{
-	int size, len;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-	if (!verify_path(path))
-		return NULL;
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	size = cache_entry_size(len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
-
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-
-	if (refresh)
-		return refresh_cache_entry(ce, 0);
-
-	return ce;
-}
-
 static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 		const char *path, int stage, int refresh, int options)
 {
@@ -241,16 +156,11 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return add_cache_entry(ce, options);
 }
 
-/*
- * This is a global variable which is used in a number of places but
- * only written to in the 'merge' function.
- *
- * index_only == 1    => Don't leave any non-stage 0 entries in the cache and
- *                       don't update the working directory.
- *               0    => Leave unmerged entries in the cache and update
- *                       the working directory.
- */
-static int index_only = 0;
+static void init_tree_desc_from_tree(struct tree_desc *desc, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	parse_tree(tree);
+	init_tree_desc(desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+}
 
 static int git_merge_trees(int index_only,
 			   struct tree *common,
@@ -258,7 +168,7 @@ static int git_merge_trees(int index_only,
 			   struct tree *merge)
 {
 	int rc;
-	struct object_list *trees = NULL;
+	struct tree_desc t[3];
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
@@ -269,38 +179,29 @@ static int git_merge_trees(int index_only,
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.head_idx = 2;
 	opts.fn = threeway_merge;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
-	object_list_append(&common->object, &trees);
-	object_list_append(&head->object, &trees);
-	object_list_append(&merge->object, &trees);
+	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+0, common);
+	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+1, head);
+	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+2, merge);
 
-	rc = unpack_trees(trees, &opts);
+	rc = unpack_trees(3, t, &opts);
 	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int unmerged_index(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static struct tree *git_write_tree(void)
+struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o)
 {
 	struct tree *result = NULL;
 
-	if (unmerged_index()) {
+	if (unmerged_cache()) {
 		int i;
-		output(0, "There are unmerged index entries:");
+		output(o, 0, "There are unmerged index entries:");
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			if (ce_stage(ce))
-				output(0, "%d %.*s", ce_stage(ce), ce_namelen(ce), ce->name);
+				output(o, 0, "%d %.*s", ce_stage(ce), ce_namelen(ce), ce->name);
 		}
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -320,41 +221,43 @@ static struct tree *git_write_tree(void)
 
 static int save_files_dirs(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		const char *base, int baselen, const char *path,
-		unsigned int mode, int stage)
+		unsigned int mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
 	int len = strlen(path);
 	char *newpath = xmalloc(baselen + len + 1);
+	struct merge_options *o = context;
+
 	memcpy(newpath, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(newpath + baselen, path, len);
 	newpath[baselen + len] = '\0';
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
-		path_list_insert(newpath, &current_directory_set);
+		string_list_insert(newpath, &o->current_directory_set);
 	else
-		path_list_insert(newpath, &current_file_set);
+		string_list_insert(newpath, &o->current_file_set);
 	free(newpath);
 
-	return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+	return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
 }
 
-static int get_files_dirs(struct tree *tree)
+static int get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *o, struct tree *tree)
 {
 	int n;
-	if (read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, NULL, save_files_dirs) != 0)
+	if (read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, NULL, save_files_dirs, o))
 		return 0;
-	n = current_file_set.nr + current_directory_set.nr;
+	n = o->current_file_set.nr + o->current_directory_set.nr;
 	return n;
 }
 
 /*
- * Returns a index_entry instance which doesn't have to correspond to
+ * Returns an index_entry instance which doesn't have to correspond to
  * a real cache entry in Git's index.
  */
 static struct stage_data *insert_stage_data(const char *path,
 		struct tree *o, struct tree *a, struct tree *b,
-		struct path_list *entries)
+		struct string_list *entries)
 {
-	struct path_list_item *item;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct stage_data *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stage_data));
 	get_tree_entry(o->object.sha1, path,
 			e->stages[1].sha, &e->stages[1].mode);
@@ -362,7 +265,7 @@ static struct stage_data *insert_stage_data(const char *path,
 			e->stages[2].sha, &e->stages[2].mode);
 	get_tree_entry(b->object.sha1, path,
 			e->stages[3].sha, &e->stages[3].mode);
-	item = path_list_insert(path, entries);
+	item = string_list_insert(path, entries);
 	item->util = e;
 	return e;
 }
@@ -371,30 +274,27 @@ static struct stage_data *insert_stage_data(const char *path,
  * Create a dictionary mapping file names to stage_data objects. The
  * dictionary contains one entry for every path with a non-zero stage entry.
  */
-static struct path_list *get_unmerged(void)
+static struct string_list *get_unmerged(void)
 {
-	struct path_list *unmerged = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct path_list));
+	struct string_list *unmerged = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	int i;
 
-	unmerged->strdup_paths = 1;
-	total_cnt += active_nr;
+	unmerged->strdup_strings = 1;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++, merged_cnt++) {
-		struct path_list_item *item;
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
 		struct stage_data *e;
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (do_progress)
-			display_progress();
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
 
-		item = path_list_lookup(ce->name, unmerged);
+		item = string_list_lookup(ce->name, unmerged);
 		if (!item) {
-			item = path_list_insert(ce->name, unmerged);
+			item = string_list_insert(ce->name, unmerged);
 			item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stage_data));
 		}
 		e = item->util;
-		e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
+		e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].mode = ce->ce_mode;
 		hashcpy(e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].sha, ce->sha1);
 	}
 
@@ -415,27 +315,32 @@ struct rename
  * 'b_tree') to be able to associate the correct cache entries with
  * the rename information. 'tree' is always equal to either a_tree or b_tree.
  */
-static struct path_list *get_renames(struct tree *tree,
-					struct tree *o_tree,
-					struct tree *a_tree,
-					struct tree *b_tree,
-					struct path_list *entries)
+static struct string_list *get_renames(struct merge_options *o,
+				       struct tree *tree,
+				       struct tree *o_tree,
+				       struct tree *a_tree,
+				       struct tree *b_tree,
+				       struct string_list *entries)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct path_list *renames;
+	struct string_list *renames;
 	struct diff_options opts;
 
-	renames = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct path_list));
+	renames = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	diff_setup(&opts);
-	opts.recursive = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, RECURSIVE);
 	opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
+			    o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
+			    500;
+	opts.warn_on_too_large_rename = 1;
 	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
 		die("diff setup failed");
 	diff_tree_sha1(o_tree->object.sha1, tree->object.sha1, "", &opts);
 	diffcore_std(&opts);
 	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; ++i) {
-		struct path_list_item *item;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
 		struct rename *re;
 		struct diff_filepair *pair = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
 		if (pair->status != 'R') {
@@ -445,20 +350,20 @@ static struct path_list *get_renames(struct tree *tree,
 		re = xmalloc(sizeof(*re));
 		re->processed = 0;
 		re->pair = pair;
-		item = path_list_lookup(re->pair->one->path, entries);
+		item = string_list_lookup(re->pair->one->path, entries);
 		if (!item)
 			re->src_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->one->path,
 					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
 		else
 			re->src_entry = item->util;
 
-		item = path_list_lookup(re->pair->two->path, entries);
+		item = string_list_lookup(re->pair->two->path, entries);
 		if (!item)
 			re->dst_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->two->path,
 					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
 		else
 			re->dst_entry = item->util;
-		item = path_list_insert(pair->one->path, renames);
+		item = string_list_insert(pair->one->path, renames);
 		item->util = re;
 	}
 	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
@@ -487,47 +392,24 @@ static int update_stages(const char *path, struct diff_filespec *o,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int remove_path(const char *name)
+static int remove_file(struct merge_options *o, int clean,
+		       const char *path, int no_wd)
 {
-	int ret, len;
-	char *slash, *dirs;
-
-	ret = unlink(name);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-	len = strlen(name);
-	dirs = xmalloc(len+1);
-	memcpy(dirs, name, len);
-	dirs[len] = '\0';
-	while ((slash = strrchr(name, '/'))) {
-		*slash = '\0';
-		len = slash - name;
-		if (rmdir(name) != 0)
-			break;
-	}
-	free(dirs);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int remove_file(int clean, const char *path, int no_wd)
-{
-	int update_cache = index_only || clean;
-	int update_working_directory = !index_only && !no_wd;
+	int update_cache = o->call_depth || clean;
+	int update_working_directory = !o->call_depth && !no_wd;
 
 	if (update_cache) {
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
 			return -1;
 	}
 	if (update_working_directory) {
-		unlink(path);
-		if (errno != ENOENT || errno != EISDIR)
+		if (remove_path(path) && errno != ENOENT)
 			return -1;
-		remove_path(path);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static char *unique_path(const char *path, const char *branch)
+static char *unique_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path, const char *branch)
 {
 	char *newpath = xmalloc(strlen(path) + 1 + strlen(branch) + 8 + 1);
 	int suffix = 0;
@@ -539,24 +421,15 @@ static char *unique_path(const char *path, const char *branch)
 	for (; *p; ++p)
 		if ('/' == *p)
 			*p = '_';
-	while (path_list_has_path(&current_file_set, newpath) ||
-	       path_list_has_path(&current_directory_set, newpath) ||
+	while (string_list_has_string(&o->current_file_set, newpath) ||
+	       string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, newpath) ||
 	       lstat(newpath, &st) == 0)
 		sprintf(p, "_%d", suffix++);
 
-	path_list_insert(newpath, &current_file_set);
+	string_list_insert(newpath, &o->current_file_set);
 	return newpath;
 }
 
-static int mkdir_p(const char *path, unsigned long mode)
-{
-	/* path points to cache entries, so xstrdup before messing with it */
-	char *buf = xstrdup(path);
-	int result = safe_create_leading_directories(buf);
-	free(buf);
-	return result;
-}
-
 static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
 	while (size > 0) {
@@ -565,7 +438,7 @@ static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 			/* Ignore epipe */
 			if (errno == EPIPE)
 				break;
-			die("merge-recursive: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("merge-recursive");
 		} else if (!ret) {
 			die("merge-recursive: disk full?");
 		}
@@ -574,13 +447,71 @@ static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 	}
 }
 
-static void update_file_flags(const unsigned char *sha,
+static int would_lose_untracked(const char *path)
+{
+	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+
+	if (pos < 0)
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+	while (pos < active_nr &&
+	       !strcmp(path, active_cache[pos]->name)) {
+		/*
+		 * If stage #0, it is definitely tracked.
+		 * If it has stage #2 then it was tracked
+		 * before this merge started.  All other
+		 * cases the path was not tracked.
+		 */
+		switch (ce_stage(active_cache[pos])) {
+		case 0:
+		case 2:
+			return 0;
+		}
+		pos++;
+	}
+	return file_exists(path);
+}
+
+static int make_room_for_path(const char *path)
+{
+	int status;
+	const char *msg = "failed to create path '%s'%s";
+
+	status = safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
+	if (status) {
+		if (status == -3) {
+			/* something else exists */
+			error(msg, path, ": perhaps a D/F conflict?");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		die(msg, path, "");
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not unlink a file in the work tree if we are not
+	 * tracking it.
+	 */
+	if (would_lose_untracked(path))
+		return error("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'",
+			     path);
+
+	/* Successful unlink is good.. */
+	if (!unlink(path))
+		return 0;
+	/* .. and so is no existing file */
+	if (errno == ENOENT)
+		return 0;
+	/* .. but not some other error (who really cares what?) */
+	return error(msg, path, ": perhaps a D/F conflict?");
+}
+
+static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
+			      const unsigned char *sha,
 			      unsigned mode,
 			      const char *path,
 			      int update_cache,
 			      int update_wd)
 {
-	if (index_only)
+	if (o->call_depth)
 		update_wd = 0;
 
 	if (update_wd) {
@@ -588,48 +519,68 @@ static void update_file_flags(const unsigned char *sha,
 		void *buf;
 		unsigned long size;
 
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+			/*
+			 * We may later decide to recursively descend into
+			 * the submodule directory and update its index
+			 * and/or work tree, but we do not do that now.
+			 */
+			goto update_index;
+
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
 			die("cannot read object %s '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
 		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
 			die("blob expected for %s '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+		if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
+			struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (convert_to_working_tree(path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
+				free(buf);
+				size = strbuf.len;
+				buf = strbuf_detach(&strbuf, NULL);
+			}
+		}
 
+		if (make_room_for_path(path) < 0) {
+			update_wd = 0;
+			free(buf);
+			goto update_index;
+		}
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) || (!has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))) {
 			int fd;
-			if (mkdir_p(path, 0777))
-				die("failed to create path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-			unlink(path);
 			if (mode & 0100)
 				mode = 0777;
 			else
 				mode = 0666;
 			fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, mode);
 			if (fd < 0)
-				die("failed to open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("failed to open '%s'", path);
 			flush_buffer(fd, buf, size);
 			close(fd);
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-			char *lnk = xmalloc(size + 1);
-			memcpy(lnk, buf, size);
-			lnk[size] = '\0';
-			mkdir_p(path, 0777);
+			char *lnk = xmemdupz(buf, size);
+			safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
 			unlink(path);
-			symlink(lnk, path);
+			if (symlink(lnk, path))
+				die_errno("failed to symlink '%s'", path);
 			free(lnk);
 		} else
 			die("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'",
 			    mode, sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+		free(buf);
 	}
+ update_index:
 	if (update_cache)
 		add_cacheinfo(mode, sha, path, 0, update_wd, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD);
 }
 
-static void update_file(int clean,
+static void update_file(struct merge_options *o,
+			int clean,
 			const unsigned char *sha,
 			unsigned mode,
 			const char *path)
 {
-	update_file_flags(sha, mode, path, index_only || clean, !index_only);
+	update_file_flags(o, sha, mode, path, o->call_depth || clean, !o->call_depth);
 }
 
 /* Low level file merging, update and removal */
@@ -659,9 +610,48 @@ static void fill_mm(const unsigned char *sha1, mmfile_t *mm)
 	mm->size = size;
 }
 
-static struct merge_file_info merge_file(struct diff_filespec *o,
-		struct diff_filespec *a, struct diff_filespec *b,
-		const char *branch1, const char *branch2)
+static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *o,
+		      mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
+		      struct diff_filespec *one,
+		      struct diff_filespec *a,
+		      struct diff_filespec *b,
+		      const char *branch1,
+		      const char *branch2)
+{
+	mmfile_t orig, src1, src2;
+	char *name1, *name2;
+	int merge_status;
+
+	if (strcmp(a->path, b->path)) {
+		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch1, a->path));
+		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch2, b->path));
+	} else {
+		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch1));
+		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch2));
+	}
+
+	fill_mm(one->sha1, &orig);
+	fill_mm(a->sha1, &src1);
+	fill_mm(b->sha1, &src2);
+
+	merge_status = ll_merge(result_buf, a->path, &orig,
+				&src1, name1, &src2, name2,
+				o->call_depth);
+
+	free(name1);
+	free(name2);
+	free(orig.ptr);
+	free(src1.ptr);
+	free(src2.ptr);
+	return merge_status;
+}
+
+static struct merge_file_info merge_file(struct merge_options *o,
+				         struct diff_filespec *one,
+					 struct diff_filespec *a,
+					 struct diff_filespec *b,
+					 const char *branch1,
+					 const char *branch2)
 {
 	struct merge_file_info result;
 	result.merge = 0;
@@ -677,40 +667,32 @@ static struct merge_file_info merge_file(struct diff_filespec *o,
 			hashcpy(result.sha, b->sha1);
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, o->sha1) && !sha_eq(b->sha1, o->sha1))
+		if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, one->sha1) && !sha_eq(b->sha1, one->sha1))
 			result.merge = 1;
 
-		result.mode = a->mode == o->mode ? b->mode: a->mode;
+		/*
+		 * Merge modes
+		 */
+		if (a->mode == b->mode || a->mode == one->mode)
+			result.mode = b->mode;
+		else {
+			result.mode = a->mode;
+			if (b->mode != one->mode) {
+				result.clean = 0;
+				result.merge = 1;
+			}
+		}
 
-		if (sha_eq(a->sha1, o->sha1))
+		if (sha_eq(a->sha1, b->sha1) || sha_eq(a->sha1, one->sha1))
 			hashcpy(result.sha, b->sha1);
-		else if (sha_eq(b->sha1, o->sha1))
+		else if (sha_eq(b->sha1, one->sha1))
 			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
 		else if (S_ISREG(a->mode)) {
-			mmfile_t orig, src1, src2;
 			mmbuffer_t result_buf;
-			xpparam_t xpp;
-			char *name1, *name2;
 			int merge_status;
 
-			name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch1, a->path));
-			name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch2, b->path));
-
-			fill_mm(o->sha1, &orig);
-			fill_mm(a->sha1, &src1);
-			fill_mm(b->sha1, &src2);
-
-			memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-			merge_status = xdl_merge(&orig,
-						 &src1, name1,
-						 &src2, name2,
-						 &xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS,
-						 &result_buf);
-			free(name1);
-			free(name2);
-			free(orig.ptr);
-			free(src1.ptr);
-			free(src2.ptr);
+			merge_status = merge_3way(o, &result_buf, one, a, b,
+						  branch1, branch2);
 
 			if ((merge_status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
 				die("Failed to execute internal merge");
@@ -722,21 +704,24 @@ static struct merge_file_info merge_file(struct diff_filespec *o,
 
 			free(result_buf.ptr);
 			result.clean = (merge_status == 0);
-		} else {
-			if (!(S_ISLNK(a->mode) || S_ISLNK(b->mode)))
-				die("cannot merge modes?");
-
+		} else if (S_ISGITLINK(a->mode)) {
+			result.clean = 0;
+			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
+		} else if (S_ISLNK(a->mode)) {
 			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
 
 			if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, b->sha1))
 				result.clean = 0;
+		} else {
+			die("unsupported object type in the tree");
 		}
 	}
 
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_rename(struct rename *ren1,
+static void conflict_rename_rename(struct merge_options *o,
+				   struct rename *ren1,
 				   const char *branch1,
 				   struct rename *ren2,
 				   const char *branch2)
@@ -747,26 +732,26 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename(struct rename *ren1,
 	const char *ren2_dst = ren2->pair->two->path;
 	const char *dst_name1 = ren1_dst;
 	const char *dst_name2 = ren2_dst;
-	if (path_list_has_path(&current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
-		dst_name1 = del[delp++] = unique_path(ren1_dst, branch1);
-		output(1, "%s is a directory in %s added as %s instead",
+	if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
+		dst_name1 = del[delp++] = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch1);
+		output(o, 1, "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead",
 		       ren1_dst, branch2, dst_name1);
-		remove_file(0, ren1_dst, 0);
+		remove_file(o, 0, ren1_dst, 0);
 	}
-	if (path_list_has_path(&current_directory_set, ren2_dst)) {
-		dst_name2 = del[delp++] = unique_path(ren2_dst, branch2);
-		output(1, "%s is a directory in %s added as %s instead",
+	if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren2_dst)) {
+		dst_name2 = del[delp++] = unique_path(o, ren2_dst, branch2);
+		output(o, 1, "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead",
 		       ren2_dst, branch1, dst_name2);
-		remove_file(0, ren2_dst, 0);
+		remove_file(o, 0, ren2_dst, 0);
 	}
-	if (index_only) {
+	if (o->call_depth) {
 		remove_file_from_cache(dst_name1);
 		remove_file_from_cache(dst_name2);
 		/*
 		 * Uncomment to leave the conflicting names in the resulting tree
 		 *
-		 * update_file(0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, dst_name1);
-		 * update_file(0, ren2->pair->two->sha1, ren2->pair->two->mode, dst_name2);
+		 * update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, dst_name1);
+		 * update_file(o, 0, ren2->pair->two->sha1, ren2->pair->two->mode, dst_name2);
 		 */
 	} else {
 		update_stages(dst_name1, NULL, ren1->pair->two, NULL, 1);
@@ -776,70 +761,68 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename(struct rename *ren1,
 		free(del[delp]);
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_dir(struct rename *ren1,
+static void conflict_rename_dir(struct merge_options *o,
+				struct rename *ren1,
 				const char *branch1)
 {
-	char *new_path = unique_path(ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
-	output(1, "Renamed %s to %s instead", ren1->pair->one->path, new_path);
-	remove_file(0, ren1->pair->two->path, 0);
-	update_file(0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, new_path);
+	char *new_path = unique_path(o, ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
+	output(o, 1, "Renaming %s to %s instead", ren1->pair->one->path, new_path);
+	remove_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->path, 0);
+	update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, new_path);
 	free(new_path);
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_rename_2(struct rename *ren1,
+static void conflict_rename_rename_2(struct merge_options *o,
+				     struct rename *ren1,
 				     const char *branch1,
 				     struct rename *ren2,
 				     const char *branch2)
 {
-	char *new_path1 = unique_path(ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
-	char *new_path2 = unique_path(ren2->pair->two->path, branch2);
-	output(1, "Renamed %s to %s and %s to %s instead",
+	char *new_path1 = unique_path(o, ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
+	char *new_path2 = unique_path(o, ren2->pair->two->path, branch2);
+	output(o, 1, "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead",
 	       ren1->pair->one->path, new_path1,
 	       ren2->pair->one->path, new_path2);
-	remove_file(0, ren1->pair->two->path, 0);
-	update_file(0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, new_path1);
-	update_file(0, ren2->pair->two->sha1, ren2->pair->two->mode, new_path2);
+	remove_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->path, 0);
+	update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, new_path1);
+	update_file(o, 0, ren2->pair->two->sha1, ren2->pair->two->mode, new_path2);
 	free(new_path2);
 	free(new_path1);
 }
 
-static int process_renames(struct path_list *a_renames,
-			   struct path_list *b_renames,
-			   const char *a_branch,
-			   const char *b_branch)
+static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
+			   struct string_list *a_renames,
+			   struct string_list *b_renames)
 {
 	int clean_merge = 1, i, j;
-	struct path_list a_by_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0}, b_by_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
+	struct string_list a_by_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0}, b_by_dst = {NULL, 0, 0, 0};
 	const struct rename *sre;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < a_renames->nr; i++) {
 		sre = a_renames->items[i].util;
-		path_list_insert(sre->pair->two->path, &a_by_dst)->util
+		string_list_insert(sre->pair->two->path, &a_by_dst)->util
 			= sre->dst_entry;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < b_renames->nr; i++) {
 		sre = b_renames->items[i].util;
-		path_list_insert(sre->pair->two->path, &b_by_dst)->util
+		string_list_insert(sre->pair->two->path, &b_by_dst)->util
 			= sre->dst_entry;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < a_renames->nr || j < b_renames->nr;) {
-		int compare;
 		char *src;
-		struct path_list *renames1, *renames2, *renames2Dst;
+		struct string_list *renames1, *renames2Dst;
 		struct rename *ren1 = NULL, *ren2 = NULL;
 		const char *branch1, *branch2;
 		const char *ren1_src, *ren1_dst;
 
 		if (i >= a_renames->nr) {
-			compare = 1;
 			ren2 = b_renames->items[j++].util;
 		} else if (j >= b_renames->nr) {
-			compare = -1;
 			ren1 = a_renames->items[i++].util;
 		} else {
-			compare = strcmp(a_renames->items[i].path,
-					b_renames->items[j].path);
+			int compare = strcmp(a_renames->items[i].string,
+					     b_renames->items[j].string);
 			if (compare <= 0)
 				ren1 = a_renames->items[i++].util;
 			if (compare >= 0)
@@ -849,17 +832,15 @@ static int process_renames(struct path_list *a_renames,
 		/* TODO: refactor, so that 1/2 are not needed */
 		if (ren1) {
 			renames1 = a_renames;
-			renames2 = b_renames;
 			renames2Dst = &b_by_dst;
-			branch1 = a_branch;
-			branch2 = b_branch;
+			branch1 = o->branch1;
+			branch2 = o->branch2;
 		} else {
 			struct rename *tmp;
 			renames1 = b_renames;
-			renames2 = a_renames;
 			renames2Dst = &a_by_dst;
-			branch1 = b_branch;
-			branch2 = a_branch;
+			branch1 = o->branch2;
+			branch2 = o->branch1;
 			tmp = ren2;
 			ren2 = ren1;
 			ren1 = tmp;
@@ -886,54 +867,55 @@ static int process_renames(struct path_list *a_renames,
 			ren2->processed = 1;
 			if (strcmp(ren1_dst, ren2_dst) != 0) {
 				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 				       "Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" "
 				       "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s",
 				       src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       src, ren2_dst, branch2,
-				       index_only ? " (left unresolved)": "");
-				if (index_only) {
+				       o->call_depth ? " (left unresolved)": "");
+				if (o->call_depth) {
 					remove_file_from_cache(src);
-					update_file(0, ren1->pair->one->sha1,
+					update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->one->sha1,
 						    ren1->pair->one->mode, src);
 				}
-				conflict_rename_rename(ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
+				conflict_rename_rename(o, ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
 			} else {
 				struct merge_file_info mfi;
-				remove_file(1, ren1_src, 1);
-				mfi = merge_file(ren1->pair->one,
+				remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, 1);
+				mfi = merge_file(o,
+						 ren1->pair->one,
 						 ren1->pair->two,
 						 ren2->pair->two,
 						 branch1,
 						 branch2);
 				if (mfi.merge || !mfi.clean)
-					output(1, "Renamed %s->%s", src, ren1_dst);
+					output(o, 1, "Renaming %s->%s", src, ren1_dst);
 
 				if (mfi.merge)
-					output(2, "Auto-merged %s", ren1_dst);
+					output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", ren1_dst);
 
 				if (!mfi.clean) {
-					output(1, "CONFLICT (content): merge conflict in %s",
+					output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (content): merge conflict in %s",
 					       ren1_dst);
 					clean_merge = 0;
 
-					if (!index_only)
+					if (!o->call_depth)
 						update_stages(ren1_dst,
 							      ren1->pair->one,
 							      ren1->pair->two,
 							      ren2->pair->two,
 							      1 /* clear */);
 				}
-				update_file(mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
+				update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
 			}
 		} else {
 			/* Renamed in 1, maybe changed in 2 */
-			struct path_list_item *item;
+			struct string_list_item *item;
 			/* we only use sha1 and mode of these */
 			struct diff_filespec src_other, dst_other;
 			int try_merge, stage = a_renames == renames1 ? 3: 2;
 
-			remove_file(1, ren1_src, index_only || stage == 3);
+			remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, o->call_depth || stage == 3);
 
 			hashcpy(src_other.sha1, ren1->src_entry->stages[stage].sha);
 			src_other.mode = ren1->src_entry->stages[stage].mode;
@@ -942,49 +924,56 @@ static int process_renames(struct path_list *a_renames,
 
 			try_merge = 0;
 
-			if (path_list_has_path(&current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
+			if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
 				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/directory): Renamed %s->%s in %s "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/directory): Rename %s->%s in %s "
 				       " directory %s added in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren1_dst, branch2);
-				conflict_rename_dir(ren1, branch1);
+				conflict_rename_dir(o, ren1, branch1);
 			} else if (sha_eq(src_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
 				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/delete): Renamed %s->%s in %s "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/delete): Rename %s->%s in %s "
 				       "and deleted in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       branch2);
-				update_file(0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, ren1_dst);
+				update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, ren1_dst);
+				if (!o->call_depth)
+					update_stages(ren1_dst, NULL,
+							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
+							ren1->pair->two : NULL,
+							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
+							NULL : ren1->pair->two, 1);
 			} else if (!sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
 				const char *new_path;
 				clean_merge = 0;
 				try_merge = 1;
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/add): Renamed %s->%s in %s. "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. "
 				       "%s added in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren1_dst, branch2);
-				new_path = unique_path(ren1_dst, branch2);
-				output(1, "Added as %s instead", new_path);
-				update_file(0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
-			} else if ((item = path_list_lookup(ren1_dst, renames2Dst))) {
+				new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
+				output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
+				update_file(o, 0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
+			} else if ((item = string_list_lookup(ren1_dst, renames2Dst))) {
 				ren2 = item->util;
 				clean_merge = 0;
 				ren2->processed = 1;
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Renamed %s->%s in %s. "
-				       "Renamed %s->%s in %s",
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+				       "Rename %s->%s in %s. "
+				       "Rename %s->%s in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren2->pair->one->path, ren2->pair->two->path, branch2);
-				conflict_rename_rename_2(ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
+				conflict_rename_rename_2(o, ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
 			} else
 				try_merge = 1;
 
 			if (try_merge) {
-				struct diff_filespec *o, *a, *b;
+				struct diff_filespec *one, *a, *b;
 				struct merge_file_info mfi;
 				src_other.path = (char *)ren1_src;
 
-				o = ren1->pair->one;
+				one = ren1->pair->one;
 				if (a_renames == renames1) {
 					a = ren1->pair->two;
 					b = &src_other;
@@ -992,53 +981,63 @@ static int process_renames(struct path_list *a_renames,
 					b = ren1->pair->two;
 					a = &src_other;
 				}
-				mfi = merge_file(o, a, b,
-						a_branch, b_branch);
-
-				if (mfi.merge || !mfi.clean)
-					output(1, "Renamed %s => %s", ren1_src, ren1_dst);
-				if (mfi.merge)
-					output(2, "Auto-merged %s", ren1_dst);
-				if (!mfi.clean) {
-					output(1, "CONFLICT (rename/modify): Merge conflict in %s",
-					       ren1_dst);
-					clean_merge = 0;
-
-					if (!index_only)
-						update_stages(ren1_dst,
-								o, a, b, 1);
+				mfi = merge_file(o, one, a, b,
+						o->branch1, o->branch2);
+
+				if (mfi.clean &&
+				    sha_eq(mfi.sha, ren1->pair->two->sha1) &&
+				    mfi.mode == ren1->pair->two->mode)
+					/*
+					 * This messaged is part of
+					 * t6022 test. If you change
+					 * it update the test too.
+					 */
+					output(o, 3, "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)", ren1_dst);
+				else {
+					if (mfi.merge || !mfi.clean)
+						output(o, 1, "Renaming %s => %s", ren1_src, ren1_dst);
+					if (mfi.merge)
+						output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", ren1_dst);
+					if (!mfi.clean) {
+						output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/modify): Merge conflict in %s",
+						       ren1_dst);
+						clean_merge = 0;
+
+						if (!o->call_depth)
+							update_stages(ren1_dst,
+								      one, a, b, 1);
+					}
+					update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
 				}
-				update_file(mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	path_list_clear(&a_by_dst, 0);
-	path_list_clear(&b_by_dst, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&a_by_dst, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&b_by_dst, 0);
 
 	return clean_merge;
 }
 
-static unsigned char *has_sha(const unsigned char *sha)
+static unsigned char *stage_sha(const unsigned char *sha, unsigned mode)
 {
-	return is_null_sha1(sha) ? NULL: (unsigned char *)sha;
+	return (is_null_sha1(sha) || mode == 0) ? NULL: (unsigned char *)sha;
 }
 
 /* Per entry merge function */
-static int process_entry(const char *path, struct stage_data *entry,
-			 const char *branch1,
-			 const char *branch2)
+static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
+			 const char *path, struct stage_data *entry)
 {
 	/*
 	printf("processing entry, clean cache: %s\n", index_only ? "yes": "no");
 	print_index_entry("\tpath: ", entry);
 	*/
 	int clean_merge = 1;
-	unsigned char *o_sha = has_sha(entry->stages[1].sha);
-	unsigned char *a_sha = has_sha(entry->stages[2].sha);
-	unsigned char *b_sha = has_sha(entry->stages[3].sha);
 	unsigned o_mode = entry->stages[1].mode;
 	unsigned a_mode = entry->stages[2].mode;
 	unsigned b_mode = entry->stages[3].mode;
+	unsigned char *o_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[1].sha, o_mode);
+	unsigned char *a_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[2].sha, a_mode);
+	unsigned char *b_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[3].sha, b_mode);
 
 	if (o_sha && (!a_sha || !b_sha)) {
 		/* Case A: Deleted in one */
@@ -1048,24 +1047,24 @@ static int process_entry(const char *path, struct stage_data *entry,
 			/* Deleted in both or deleted in one and
 			 * unchanged in the other */
 			if (a_sha)
-				output(2, "Removed %s", path);
+				output(o, 2, "Removing %s", path);
 			/* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
-			remove_file(1, path, !a_sha);
+			remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_sha);
 		} else {
 			/* Deleted in one and changed in the other */
 			clean_merge = 0;
 			if (!a_sha) {
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
 				       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree.",
-				       path, branch1,
-				       branch2, branch2, path);
-				update_file(0, b_sha, b_mode, path);
+				       path, o->branch1,
+				       o->branch2, o->branch2, path);
+				update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, path);
 			} else {
-				output(1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
+				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
 				       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree.",
-				       path, branch2,
-				       branch1, branch1, path);
-				update_file(0, a_sha, a_mode, path);
+				       path, o->branch2,
+				       o->branch1, o->branch1, path);
+				update_file(o, 0, a_sha, a_mode, path);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -1079,133 +1078,129 @@ static int process_entry(const char *path, struct stage_data *entry,
 		const char *conf;
 
 		if (a_sha) {
-			add_branch = branch1;
-			other_branch = branch2;
+			add_branch = o->branch1;
+			other_branch = o->branch2;
 			mode = a_mode;
 			sha = a_sha;
 			conf = "file/directory";
 		} else {
-			add_branch = branch2;
-			other_branch = branch1;
+			add_branch = o->branch2;
+			other_branch = o->branch1;
 			mode = b_mode;
 			sha = b_sha;
 			conf = "directory/file";
 		}
-		if (path_list_has_path(&current_directory_set, path)) {
-			const char *new_path = unique_path(path, add_branch);
+		if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, path)) {
+			const char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			output(1, "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
-			       "Added %s as %s",
+			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
+			       "Adding %s as %s",
 			       conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
-			remove_file(0, path, 0);
-			update_file(0, sha, mode, new_path);
+			remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
+			update_file(o, 0, sha, mode, new_path);
 		} else {
-			output(2, "Added %s", path);
-			update_file(1, sha, mode, path);
+			output(o, 2, "Adding %s", path);
+			update_file(o, 1, sha, mode, path);
 		}
 	} else if (a_sha && b_sha) {
 		/* Case C: Added in both (check for same permissions) and */
 		/* case D: Modified in both, but differently. */
 		const char *reason = "content";
 		struct merge_file_info mfi;
-		struct diff_filespec o, a, b;
+		struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
 
 		if (!o_sha) {
 			reason = "add/add";
 			o_sha = (unsigned char *)null_sha1;
 		}
-		output(2, "Auto-merged %s", path);
-		o.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
-		hashcpy(o.sha1, o_sha);
-		o.mode = o_mode;
+		output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", path);
+		one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
+		hashcpy(one.sha1, o_sha);
+		one.mode = o_mode;
 		hashcpy(a.sha1, a_sha);
 		a.mode = a_mode;
 		hashcpy(b.sha1, b_sha);
 		b.mode = b_mode;
 
-		mfi = merge_file(&o, &a, &b,
-				 branch1, branch2);
+		mfi = merge_file(o, &one, &a, &b,
+				 o->branch1, o->branch2);
 
-		if (mfi.clean)
-			update_file(1, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
-		else {
-			clean_merge = 0;
-			output(1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
+		clean_merge = mfi.clean;
+		if (!mfi.clean) {
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
+				reason = "submodule";
+			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
 					reason, path);
-
-			if (index_only)
-				update_file(0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
-			else
-				update_file_flags(mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path,
-					      0 /* update_cache */, 1 /* update_working_directory */);
 		}
+		update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
+	} else if (!o_sha && !a_sha && !b_sha) {
+		/*
+		 * this entry was deleted altogether. a_mode == 0 means
+		 * we had that path and want to actively remove it.
+		 */
+		remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_mode);
 	} else
 		die("Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen.");
 
 	return clean_merge;
 }
 
-static int merge_trees(struct tree *head,
-		       struct tree *merge,
-		       struct tree *common,
-		       const char *branch1,
-		       const char *branch2,
-		       struct tree **result)
+int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
+		struct tree *head,
+		struct tree *merge,
+		struct tree *common,
+		struct tree **result)
 {
 	int code, clean;
 
-	if (subtree_merge) {
+	if (o->subtree_merge) {
 		merge = shift_tree_object(head, merge);
 		common = shift_tree_object(head, common);
 	}
 
 	if (sha_eq(common->object.sha1, merge->object.sha1)) {
-		output(0, "Already uptodate!");
+		output(o, 0, "Already uptodate!");
 		*result = head;
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	code = git_merge_trees(index_only, common, head, merge);
+	code = git_merge_trees(o->call_depth, common, head, merge);
 
 	if (code != 0)
 		die("merging of trees %s and %s failed",
 		    sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1),
 		    sha1_to_hex(merge->object.sha1));
 
-	if (unmerged_index()) {
-		struct path_list *entries, *re_head, *re_merge;
+	if (unmerged_cache()) {
+		struct string_list *entries, *re_head, *re_merge;
 		int i;
-		path_list_clear(&current_file_set, 1);
-		path_list_clear(&current_directory_set, 1);
-		get_files_dirs(head);
-		get_files_dirs(merge);
+		string_list_clear(&o->current_file_set, 1);
+		string_list_clear(&o->current_directory_set, 1);
+		get_files_dirs(o, head);
+		get_files_dirs(o, merge);
 
 		entries = get_unmerged();
-		re_head  = get_renames(head, common, head, merge, entries);
-		re_merge = get_renames(merge, common, head, merge, entries);
-		clean = process_renames(re_head, re_merge,
-				branch1, branch2);
-		total_cnt += entries->nr;
-		for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++, merged_cnt++) {
-			const char *path = entries->items[i].path;
+		re_head  = get_renames(o, head, common, head, merge, entries);
+		re_merge = get_renames(o, merge, common, head, merge, entries);
+		clean = process_renames(o, re_head, re_merge);
+		for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
+			const char *path = entries->items[i].string;
 			struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
 			if (!e->processed
-				&& !process_entry(path, e, branch1, branch2))
+				&& !process_entry(o, path, e))
 				clean = 0;
-			if (do_progress)
-				display_progress();
 		}
 
-		path_list_clear(re_merge, 0);
-		path_list_clear(re_head, 0);
-		path_list_clear(entries, 1);
+		string_list_clear(re_merge, 0);
+		string_list_clear(re_head, 0);
+		string_list_clear(entries, 1);
 
 	}
 	else
 		clean = 1;
 
-	if (index_only)
-		*result = git_write_tree();
+	if (o->call_depth)
+		*result = write_tree_from_memory(o);
 
 	return clean;
 }
@@ -1225,22 +1220,21 @@ static struct commit_list *reverse_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
  * Merge the commits h1 and h2, return the resulting virtual
  * commit object and a flag indicating the cleanness of the merge.
  */
-static int merge(struct commit *h1,
-		 struct commit *h2,
-		 const char *branch1,
-		 const char *branch2,
-		 struct commit_list *ca,
-		 struct commit **result)
+int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
+		    struct commit *h1,
+		    struct commit *h2,
+		    struct commit_list *ca,
+		    struct commit **result)
 {
 	struct commit_list *iter;
 	struct commit *merged_common_ancestors;
-	struct tree *mrtree;
+	struct tree *mrtree = mrtree;
 	int clean;
 
-	if (show(4)) {
-		output(4, "Merging:");
-		output_commit_title(h1);
-		output_commit_title(h2);
+	if (show(o, 4)) {
+		output(o, 4, "Merging:");
+		output_commit_title(o, h1);
+		output_commit_title(o, h2);
 	}
 
 	if (!ca) {
@@ -1248,10 +1242,10 @@ static int merge(struct commit *h1,
 		ca = reverse_commit_list(ca);
 	}
 
-	if (show(5)) {
-		output(5, "found %u common ancestor(s):", commit_list_count(ca));
+	if (show(o, 5)) {
+		output(o, 5, "found %u common ancestor(s):", commit_list_count(ca));
 		for (iter = ca; iter; iter = iter->next)
-			output_commit_title(iter->item);
+			output_commit_title(o, iter->item);
 	}
 
 	merged_common_ancestors = pop_commit(&ca);
@@ -1266,7 +1260,8 @@ static int merge(struct commit *h1,
 	}
 
 	for (iter = ca; iter; iter = iter->next) {
-		call_depth++;
+		const char *saved_b1, *saved_b2;
+		o->call_depth++;
 		/*
 		 * When the merge fails, the result contains files
 		 * with conflict markers. The cleanness flag is
@@ -1275,150 +1270,121 @@ static int merge(struct commit *h1,
 		 * "conflicts" were already resolved.
 		 */
 		discard_cache();
-		merge(merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
-		      "Temporary merge branch 1",
-		      "Temporary merge branch 2",
-		      NULL,
-		      &merged_common_ancestors);
-		call_depth--;
+		saved_b1 = o->branch1;
+		saved_b2 = o->branch2;
+		o->branch1 = "Temporary merge branch 1";
+		o->branch2 = "Temporary merge branch 2";
+		merge_recursive(o, merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
+				NULL, &merged_common_ancestors);
+		o->branch1 = saved_b1;
+		o->branch2 = saved_b2;
+		o->call_depth--;
 
 		if (!merged_common_ancestors)
 			die("merge returned no commit");
 	}
 
 	discard_cache();
-	if (!call_depth) {
+	if (!o->call_depth)
 		read_cache();
-		index_only = 0;
-	} else
-		index_only = 1;
 
-	clean = merge_trees(h1->tree, h2->tree, merged_common_ancestors->tree,
-			    branch1, branch2, &mrtree);
+	clean = merge_trees(o, h1->tree, h2->tree, merged_common_ancestors->tree,
+			    &mrtree);
 
-	if (index_only) {
+	if (o->call_depth) {
 		*result = make_virtual_commit(mrtree, "merged tree");
 		commit_list_insert(h1, &(*result)->parents);
 		commit_list_insert(h2, &(*result)->parents->next);
 	}
-	if (!call_depth && do_progress) {
-		/* Make sure we end at 100% */
-		if (!total_cnt)
-			total_cnt = 1;
-		merged_cnt = total_cnt;
-		progress_update = 1;
-		display_progress();
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
-	}
-	flush_output();
+	flush_output(o);
 	return clean;
 }
 
-static const char *better_branch_name(const char *branch)
-{
-	static char githead_env[8 + 40 + 1];
-	char *name;
-
-	if (strlen(branch) != 40)
-		return branch;
-	sprintf(githead_env, "GITHEAD_%s", branch);
-	name = getenv(githead_env);
-	return name ? name : branch;
-}
-
-static struct commit *get_ref(const char *ref)
+static struct commit *get_ref(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct object *object;
 
-	if (get_sha1(ref, sha1))
-		die("Could not resolve ref '%s'", ref);
-	object = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), ref, strlen(ref));
+	object = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), name, strlen(name));
+	if (!object)
+		return NULL;
 	if (object->type == OBJ_TREE)
-		return make_virtual_commit((struct tree*)object,
-			better_branch_name(ref));
+		return make_virtual_commit((struct tree*)object, name);
 	if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return NULL;
 	if (parse_commit((struct commit *)object))
-		die("Could not parse commit '%s'", sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+		return NULL;
 	return (struct commit *)object;
 }
 
-static int merge_config(const char *var, const char *value)
-{
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.verbosity")) {
-		verbosity = git_config_int(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
+			    const unsigned char *head,
+			    const unsigned char *merge,
+			    int num_base_list,
+			    const unsigned char **base_list,
+			    struct commit **result)
 {
-	static const char *bases[20];
-	static unsigned bases_count = 0;
-	int i, clean;
-	const char *branch1, *branch2;
-	struct commit *result, *h1, *h2;
-	struct commit_list *ca = NULL;
+	int clean, index_fd;
 	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	int index_fd;
+	struct commit *head_commit = get_ref(head, o->branch1);
+	struct commit *next_commit = get_ref(merge, o->branch2);
+	struct commit_list *ca = NULL;
 
-	if (argv[0]) {
-		int namelen = strlen(argv[0]);
-		if (8 < namelen &&
-		    !strcmp(argv[0] + namelen - 8, "-subtree"))
-			subtree_merge = 1;
+	if (base_list) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < num_base_list; ++i) {
+			struct commit *base;
+			if (!(base = get_ref(base_list[i], sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
+				return error("Could not parse object '%s'",
+					sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]));
+			commit_list_insert(base, &ca);
+		}
 	}
 
-	git_config(merge_config);
-	if (getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"))
-		verbosity = strtol(getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"), NULL, 10);
+	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+	clean = merge_recursive(o, head_commit, next_commit, ca,
+			result);
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+			(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+			 commit_locked_index(lock)))
+		return error("Unable to write index.");
 
-	if (argc < 4)
-		die("Usage: %s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...\n", argv[0]);
+	return clean ? 0 : 1;
+}
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
-			break;
-		if (bases_count < sizeof(bases)/sizeof(*bases))
-			bases[bases_count++] = argv[i];
+static int merge_recursive_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct merge_options *o = cb;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.verbosity")) {
+		o->verbosity = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	if (argc - i != 3) /* "--" "<head>" "<remote>" */
-		die("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
-	if (verbosity >= 5) {
-		buffer_output = 0;
-		do_progress = 0;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var, "diff.renamelimit")) {
+		o->diff_rename_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	else
-		do_progress = isatty(1);
-
-	branch1 = argv[++i];
-	branch2 = argv[++i];
-
-	h1 = get_ref(branch1);
-	h2 = get_ref(branch2);
-
-	branch1 = better_branch_name(branch1);
-	branch2 = better_branch_name(branch2);
-
-	if (do_progress)
-		setup_progress_signal();
-	if (show(3))
-		printf("Merging %s with %s\n", branch1, branch2);
-
-	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < bases_count; i++) {
-		struct commit *ancestor = get_ref(bases[i]);
-		ca = commit_list_insert(ancestor, &ca);
+	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.renamelimit")) {
+		o->merge_rename_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	clean = merge(h1, h2, branch1, branch2, ca, &result);
-
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	     close(index_fd) || commit_locked_index(lock)))
-			die ("unable to write %s", get_index_file());
+	return git_xmerge_config(var, value, cb);
+}
 
-	return clean ? 0: 1;
+void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o)
+{
+	memset(o, 0, sizeof(struct merge_options));
+	o->verbosity = 2;
+	o->buffer_output = 1;
+	o->diff_rename_limit = -1;
+	o->merge_rename_limit = -1;
+	git_config(merge_recursive_config, o);
+	if (getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"))
+		o->verbosity =
+			strtol(getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"), NULL, 10);
+	if (o->verbosity >= 5)
+		o->buffer_output = 0;
+	strbuf_init(&o->obuf, 0);
+	memset(&o->current_file_set, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
+	o->current_file_set.strdup_strings = 1;
+	memset(&o->current_directory_set, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
+	o->current_directory_set.strdup_strings = 1;
 }
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fd138ca140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#ifndef MERGE_RECURSIVE_H
+#define MERGE_RECURSIVE_H
+
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct merge_options {
+	const char *branch1;
+	const char *branch2;
+	unsigned subtree_merge : 1;
+	unsigned buffer_output : 1;
+	int verbosity;
+	int diff_rename_limit;
+	int merge_rename_limit;
+	int call_depth;
+	struct strbuf obuf;
+	struct string_list current_file_set;
+	struct string_list current_directory_set;
+};
+
+/* merge_trees() but with recursive ancestor consolidation */
+int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
+		    struct commit *h1,
+		    struct commit *h2,
+		    struct commit_list *ancestors,
+		    struct commit **result);
+
+/* rename-detecting three-way merge, no recursion */
+int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
+		struct tree *head,
+		struct tree *merge,
+		struct tree *common,
+		struct tree **result);
+
+/*
+ * "git-merge-recursive" can be fed trees; wrap them into
+ * virtual commits and call merge_recursive() proper.
+ */
+int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
+			    const unsigned char *head,
+			    const unsigned char *merge,
+			    int num_ca,
+			    const unsigned char **ca,
+			    struct commit **result);
+
+void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o);
+struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/merge-tree.c b/merge-tree.c
index 3b8d9e6887..f01e7c81ae 100644
--- a/merge-tree.c
+++ b/merge-tree.c
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git-merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
+static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
 static int resolve_directories = 1;
 
 struct merge_list {
@@ -106,8 +107,8 @@ static void show_diff(struct merge_list *entry)
 	xdemitcb_t ecb;
 
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
-	xecfg.flags = 0;
 	ecb.outf = show_outf;
 	ecb.priv = NULL;
 
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ static void show_diff(struct merge_list *entry)
 	if (!dst.ptr)
 		size = 0;
 	dst.size = size;
-	xdl_diff(&src, &dst, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	xdi_diff(&src, &dst, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	free(src.ptr);
 	free(dst.ptr);
 }
@@ -158,9 +159,8 @@ static int same_entry(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
 
 static struct merge_list *create_entry(unsigned stage, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path)
 {
-	struct merge_list *res = xmalloc(sizeof(*res));
+	struct merge_list *res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
 
-	memset(res, 0, sizeof(*res));
 	res->stage = stage;
 	res->path = path;
 	res->mode = mode;
@@ -168,7 +168,13 @@ static struct merge_list *create_entry(unsigned stage, unsigned mode, const unsi
 	return res;
 }
 
-static void resolve(const char *base, struct name_entry *branch1, struct name_entry *result)
+static char *traverse_path(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
+{
+	char *path = xmalloc(traverse_path_len(info, n) + 1);
+	return make_traverse_path(path, info, n);
+}
+
+static void resolve(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry *branch1, struct name_entry *result)
 {
 	struct merge_list *orig, *final;
 	const char *path;
@@ -177,7 +183,7 @@ static void resolve(const char *base, struct name_entry *branch1, struct name_en
 	if (!branch1)
 		return;
 
-	path = xstrdup(mkpath("%s%s", base, result->path));
+	path = traverse_path(info, result);
 	orig = create_entry(2, branch1->mode, branch1->sha1, path);
 	final = create_entry(0, result->mode, result->sha1, path);
 
@@ -186,9 +192,8 @@ static void resolve(const char *base, struct name_entry *branch1, struct name_en
 	add_merge_entry(final);
 }
 
-static int unresolved_directory(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
+static int unresolved_directory(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
 {
-	int baselen, pathlen;
 	char *newbase;
 	struct name_entry *p;
 	struct tree_desc t[3];
@@ -204,13 +209,7 @@ static int unresolved_directory(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
 	}
 	if (!S_ISDIR(p->mode))
 		return 0;
-	baselen = strlen(base);
-	pathlen = tree_entry_len(p->path, p->sha1);
-	newbase = xmalloc(baselen + pathlen + 2);
-	memcpy(newbase, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(newbase + baselen, p->path, pathlen);
-	memcpy(newbase + baselen + pathlen, "/", 2);
-
+	newbase = traverse_path(info, p);
 	buf0 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+0, n[0].sha1);
 	buf1 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+1, n[1].sha1);
 	buf2 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+2, n[2].sha1);
@@ -224,7 +223,7 @@ static int unresolved_directory(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
 }
 
 
-static struct merge_list *link_entry(unsigned stage, const char *base, struct name_entry *n, struct merge_list *entry)
+static struct merge_list *link_entry(unsigned stage, const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry *n, struct merge_list *entry)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	struct merge_list *link;
@@ -234,17 +233,17 @@ static struct merge_list *link_entry(unsigned stage, const char *base, struct na
 	if (entry)
 		path = entry->path;
 	else
-		path = xstrdup(mkpath("%s%s", base, n->path));
+		path = traverse_path(info, n);
 	link = create_entry(stage, n->mode, n->sha1, path);
 	link->link = entry;
 	return link;
 }
 
-static void unresolved(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
+static void unresolved(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
 {
 	struct merge_list *entry = NULL;
 
-	if (unresolved_directory(base, n))
+	if (unresolved_directory(info, n))
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -252,9 +251,9 @@ static void unresolved(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
 	 * list has the stages in order - link_entry adds new
 	 * links at the front.
 	 */
-	entry = link_entry(3, base, n + 2, entry);
-	entry = link_entry(2, base, n + 1, entry);
-	entry = link_entry(1, base, n + 0, entry);
+	entry = link_entry(3, info, n + 2, entry);
+	entry = link_entry(2, info, n + 1, entry);
+	entry = link_entry(1, info, n + 0, entry);
 
 	add_merge_entry(entry);
 }
@@ -288,36 +287,41 @@ static void unresolved(const char *base, struct name_entry n[3])
  * The successful merge rules are the same as for the three-way merge
  * in git-read-tree.
  */
-static void threeway_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, struct name_entry *entry, const char *base)
+static int threeway_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *entry, struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	/* Same in both? */
 	if (same_entry(entry+1, entry+2)) {
 		if (entry[0].sha1) {
-			resolve(base, NULL, entry+1);
-			return;
+			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
+			return mask;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+1)) {
 		if (entry[2].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[2].mode)) {
-			resolve(base, entry+1, entry+2);
-			return;
+			resolve(info, entry+1, entry+2);
+			return mask;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+2)) {
 		if (entry[1].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[1].mode)) {
-			resolve(base, NULL, entry+1);
-			return;
+			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
+			return mask;
 		}
 	}
 
-	unresolved(base, entry);
+	unresolved(info, entry);
+	return mask;
 }
 
 static void merge_trees(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base)
 {
-	traverse_trees(3, t, base, threeway_callback);
+	struct traverse_info info;
+
+	setup_traverse_info(&info, base);
+	info.fn = threeway_callback;
+	traverse_trees(3, t, &info);
 }
 
 static void *get_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *rev)
@@ -341,6 +345,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (argc != 4)
 		usage(merge_tree_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	buf1 = get_tree_descriptor(t+0, argv[1]);
diff --git a/mktag.c b/mktag.c
index 931011121e..a609e3ebd1 100644
--- a/mktag.c
+++ b/mktag.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 /*
  * A signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines
@@ -8,19 +9,13 @@
  * message and a signature block that git itself doesn't care about,
  * but that can be verified with gpg or similar.
  *
- * The first three lines are guaranteed to be at least 63 bytes:
+ * The first four lines are guaranteed to be at least 83 bytes:
  * "object <sha1>\n" is 48 bytes, "type tag\n" at 9 bytes is the
- * shortest possible type-line, and "tag .\n" at 6 bytes is the
- * shortest single-character-tag line. 
- *
- * We also artificially limit the size of the full object to 8kB.
- * Just because I'm a lazy bastard, and if you can't fit a signature
- * in that size, you're doing something wrong.
+ * shortest possible type-line, "tag .\n" at 6 bytes is the shortest
+ * single-character-tag line, and "tagger . <> 0 +0000\n" at 20 bytes is
+ * the shortest possible tagger-line.
  */
 
-/* Some random size */
-#define MAXSIZE (8192)
-
 /*
  * We refuse to tag something we can't verify. Just because.
  */
@@ -50,9 +45,10 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	int typelen;
 	char type[20];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *object, *type_line, *tag_line, *tagger_line;
+	const char *object, *type_line, *tag_line, *tagger_line, *lb, *rb;
+	size_t len;
 
-	if (size < 64)
+	if (size < 84)
 		return error("wanna fool me ? you obviously got the size wrong !");
 
 	buffer[size] = 0;
@@ -104,11 +100,51 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	/* Verify the tagger line */
 	tagger_line = tag_line;
 
-	if (memcmp(tagger_line, "tagger", 6) || (tagger_line[6] == '\n'))
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": could not find \"tagger\"", tagger_line - buffer);
-
-	/* TODO: check for committer info + blank line? */
-	/* Also, the minimum length is probably + "tagger .", or 63+8=71 */
+	if (memcmp(tagger_line, "tagger ", 7))
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": could not find \"tagger \"",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check for correct form for name and email
+	 * i.e. " <" followed by "> " on _this_ line
+	 * No angle brackets within the name or email address fields.
+	 * No spaces within the email address field.
+	 */
+	tagger_line += 7;
+	if (!(lb = strstr(tagger_line, " <")) || !(rb = strstr(lb+2, "> ")) ||
+		strpbrk(tagger_line, "<>\n") != lb+1 ||
+		strpbrk(lb+2, "><\n ") != rb)
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tagger field",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+
+	/* Check for author name, at least one character, space is acceptable */
+	if (lb == tagger_line)
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": missing tagger name",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+
+	/* timestamp, 1 or more digits followed by space */
+	tagger_line = rb + 2;
+	if (!(len = strspn(tagger_line, "0123456789")))
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": missing tag timestamp",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+	tagger_line += len;
+	if (*tagger_line != ' ')
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tag timestamp",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+	tagger_line++;
+
+	/* timezone, 5 digits [+-]hhmm, max. 1400 */
+	if (!((tagger_line[0] == '+' || tagger_line[0] == '-') &&
+	      strspn(tagger_line+1, "0123456789") == 4 &&
+	      tagger_line[5] == '\n' && atoi(tagger_line+1) <= 1400))
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tag timezone",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
+	tagger_line += 6;
+
+	/* Verify the blank line separating the header from the body */
+	if (*tagger_line != '\n')
+		return error("char" PD_FMT ": trailing garbage in tag header",
+			tagger_line - buffer);
 
 	/* The actual stuff afterwards we don't care about.. */
 	return 0;
@@ -118,30 +154,29 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	unsigned long size = 4096;
-	char *buffer = xmalloc(size);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
 
 	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("git-mktag < signaturefile");
+		usage("git mktag < signaturefile");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 
-	if (read_pipe(0, &buffer, &size)) {
-		free(buffer);
-		die("could not read from stdin");
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 4096) < 0) {
+		die_errno("could not read from stdin");
 	}
 
 	/* Verify it for some basic sanity: it needs to start with
 	   "object <sha1>\ntype\ntagger " */
-	if (verify_tag(buffer, size) < 0)
+	if (verify_tag(buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
 		die("invalid tag signature file");
 
-	if (write_sha1_file(buffer, size, tag_type, result_sha1) < 0)
+	if (write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tag_type, result_sha1) < 0)
 		die("unable to write tag file");
 
-	free(buffer);
-
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mktree.c b/mktree.c
deleted file mode 100644
index d86dde89d6..0000000000
--- a/mktree.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * GIT - the stupid content tracker
- *
- * Copyright (c) Junio C Hamano, 2006
- */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-
-static struct treeent {
-	unsigned mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int len;
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-} **entries;
-static int alloc, used;
-
-static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, unsigned char *sha1, char *path)
-{
-	struct treeent *ent;
-	int len = strlen(path);
-	if (strchr(path, '/'))
-		die("path %s contains slash", path);
-
-	if (alloc <= used) {
-		alloc = alloc_nr(used);
-		entries = xrealloc(entries, sizeof(*entries) * alloc);
-	}
-	ent = entries[used++] = xmalloc(sizeof(**entries) + len + 1);
-	ent->mode = mode;
-	ent->len = len;
-	hashcpy(ent->sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ent->name, path, len+1);
-}
-
-static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	struct treeent *a = *(struct treeent **)a_;
-	struct treeent *b = *(struct treeent **)b_;
-	return base_name_compare(a->name, a->len, a->mode,
-				 b->name, b->len, b->mode);
-}
-
-static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *buffer;
-	unsigned long size, offset;
-	int i;
-
-	qsort(entries, used, sizeof(*entries), ent_compare);
-	for (size = i = 0; i < used; i++)
-		size += 32 + entries[i]->len;
-	buffer = xmalloc(size);
-	offset = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used; i++) {
-		struct treeent *ent = entries[i];
-
-		if (offset + ent->len + 100 < size) {
-			size = alloc_nr(offset + ent->len + 100);
-			buffer = xrealloc(buffer, size);
-		}
-		offset += sprintf(buffer + offset, "%o ", ent->mode);
-		offset += sprintf(buffer + offset, "%s", ent->name);
-		buffer[offset++] = 0;
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)buffer + offset, ent->sha1);
-		offset += 20;
-	}
-	write_sha1_file(buffer, offset, tree_type, sha1);
-}
-
-static const char mktree_usage[] = "git-mktree [-z]";
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int line_termination = '\n';
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-
-	while ((1 < ac) && av[1][0] == '-') {
-		char *arg = av[1];
-		if (!strcmp("-z", arg))
-			line_termination = 0;
-		else
-			usage(mktree_usage);
-		ac--;
-		av++;
-	}
-
-	strbuf_init(&sb);
-	while (1) {
-		int len;
-		char *ptr, *ntr;
-		unsigned mode;
-		enum object_type type;
-		char *path;
-
-		read_line(&sb, stdin, line_termination);
-		if (sb.eof)
-			break;
-		len = sb.len;
-		ptr = sb.buf;
-		/* Input is non-recursive ls-tree output format
-		 * mode SP type SP sha1 TAB name
-		 */
-		mode = strtoul(ptr, &ntr, 8);
-		if (ptr == ntr || !ntr || *ntr != ' ')
-			die("input format error: %s", sb.buf);
-		ptr = ntr + 1; /* type */
-		ntr = strchr(ptr, ' ');
-		if (!ntr || sb.buf + len <= ntr + 41 ||
-		    ntr[41] != '\t' ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(ntr + 1, sha1))
-			die("input format error: %s", sb.buf);
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-		if (type < 0)
-			die("object %s unavailable", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		*ntr++ = 0; /* now at the beginning of SHA1 */
-		if (type != type_from_string(ptr))
-			die("object type %s mismatch (%s)", ptr, typename(type));
-		ntr += 41; /* at the beginning of name */
-		if (line_termination && ntr[0] == '"')
-			path = unquote_c_style(ntr, NULL);
-		else
-			path = ntr;
-
-		append_to_tree(mode, sha1, path);
-
-		if (path != ntr)
-			free(path);
-	}
-	write_tree(sha1);
-	puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	exit(0);
-}
diff --git a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c
index 847531d19f..95a4ebf496 100644
--- a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c
+++ b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
-/* 
+/*
  * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public
  * License Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file
  * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
  * the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- * 
+ *
  * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS
  * IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
  * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
  * rights and limitations under the License.
- * 
+ *
  * The Original Code is SHA 180-1 Reference Implementation (Compact version)
- * 
+ *
  * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Paul Kocher of
- * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are 
+ * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are
  * Copyright (C) 1995-9 by Cryptography Research, Inc.  All
  * Rights Reserved.
- * 
+ *
  * Contributor(s):
  *
  *     Paul Kocher
- * 
+ *
  * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
  * terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the
- * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable 
- * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your 
+ * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable
+ * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your
  * version of this file only under the terms of the GPL and not to
  * allow others to use your version of this file under the MPL,
  * indicate your decision by deleting the provisions above and
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 
 #include "sha1.h"
 
-static void shaHashBlock(SHA_CTX *ctx);
+static void shaHashBlock(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
 
-void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *ctx) {
+void moz_SHA1_Init(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   int i;
 
   ctx->lenW = 0;
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *ctx) {
 }
 
 
-void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *_dataIn, int len) {
+void moz_SHA1_Update(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *_dataIn, int len) {
   const unsigned char *dataIn = _dataIn;
   int i;
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *_dataIn, int len) {
 }
 
 
-void SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], SHA_CTX *ctx) {
+void moz_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   unsigned char pad0x80 = 0x80;
   unsigned char pad0x00 = 0x00;
   unsigned char padlen[8];
@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ void SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   padlen[5] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 16) & 255);
   padlen[6] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 8) & 255);
   padlen[7] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 0) & 255);
-  SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x80, 1);
+  moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x80, 1);
   while (ctx->lenW != 56)
-    SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x00, 1);
-  SHA1_Update(ctx, padlen, 8);
+    moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x00, 1);
+  moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, padlen, 8);
 
   /* Output hash
    */
@@ -106,13 +106,13 @@ void SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   /*
    *  Re-initialize the context (also zeroizes contents)
    */
-  SHA1_Init(ctx);
+  moz_SHA1_Init(ctx);
 }
 
 
 #define SHA_ROT(X,n) (((X) << (n)) | ((X) >> (32-(n))))
 
-static void shaHashBlock(SHA_CTX *ctx) {
+static void shaHashBlock(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   int t;
   unsigned int A,B,C,D,E,TEMP;
 
@@ -149,4 +149,3 @@ static void shaHashBlock(SHA_CTX *ctx) {
   ctx->H[3] += D;
   ctx->H[4] += E;
 }
-
diff --git a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h
index 5d82afa3bd..aa48a46cf7 100644
--- a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h
+++ b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
-/* 
+/*
  * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public
  * License Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file
  * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
  * the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- * 
+ *
  * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS
  * IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
  * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
  * rights and limitations under the License.
- * 
+ *
  * The Original Code is SHA 180-1 Header File
- * 
+ *
  * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Paul Kocher of
- * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are 
+ * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are
  * Copyright (C) 1995-9 by Cryptography Research, Inc.  All
  * Rights Reserved.
- * 
+ *
  * Contributor(s):
  *
  *     Paul Kocher
- * 
+ *
  * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
  * terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the
- * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable 
- * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your 
+ * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable
+ * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your
  * version of this file only under the terms of the GPL and not to
  * allow others to use your version of this file under the MPL,
  * indicate your decision by deleting the provisions above and
@@ -38,8 +38,13 @@ typedef struct {
   unsigned int W[80];
   int lenW;
   unsigned int sizeHi,sizeLo;
-} SHA_CTX;
+} moz_SHA_CTX;
+
+void moz_SHA1_Init(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
+void moz_SHA1_Update(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *dataIn, int len);
+void moz_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
 
-void SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *ctx);
-void SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *dataIn, int len);
-void SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], SHA_CTX *ctx);
+#define git_SHA_CTX	moz_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init	moz_SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update	moz_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final	moz_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/name-hash.c b/name-hash.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0031d78e8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/name-hash.c
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * name-hash.c
+ *
+ * Hashing names in the index state
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Linus Torvalds
+ */
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+#include "cache.h"
+
+/*
+ * This removes bit 5 if bit 6 is set.
+ *
+ * That will make US-ASCII characters hash to their upper-case
+ * equivalent. We could easily do this one whole word at a time,
+ * but that's for future worries.
+ */
+static inline unsigned char icase_hash(unsigned char c)
+{
+	return c & ~((c & 0x40) >> 1);
+}
+
+static unsigned int hash_name(const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = 0x123;
+
+	do {
+		unsigned char c = *name++;
+		c = icase_hash(c);
+		hash = hash*101 + c;
+	} while (--namelen);
+	return hash;
+}
+
+static void hash_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	void **pos;
+	unsigned int hash;
+
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_HASHED)
+		return;
+	ce->ce_flags |= CE_HASHED;
+	ce->next = NULL;
+	hash = hash_name(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+	pos = insert_hash(hash, ce, &istate->name_hash);
+	if (pos) {
+		ce->next = *pos;
+		*pos = ce;
+	}
+}
+
+static void lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int nr;
+
+	if (istate->name_hash_initialized)
+		return;
+	for (nr = 0; nr < istate->cache_nr; nr++)
+		hash_index_entry(istate, istate->cache[nr]);
+	istate->name_hash_initialized = 1;
+}
+
+void add_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_UNHASHED;
+	if (istate->name_hash_initialized)
+		hash_index_entry(istate, ce);
+}
+
+static int slow_same_name(const char *name1, int len1, const char *name2, int len2)
+{
+	if (len1 != len2)
+		return 0;
+
+	while (len1) {
+		unsigned char c1 = *name1++;
+		unsigned char c2 = *name2++;
+		len1--;
+		if (c1 != c2) {
+			c1 = toupper(c1);
+			c2 = toupper(c2);
+			if (c1 != c2)
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int same_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char *name, int namelen, int icase)
+{
+	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+
+	/*
+	 * Always do exact compare, even if we want a case-ignoring comparison;
+	 * we do the quick exact one first, because it will be the common case.
+	 */
+	if (len == namelen && !cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, len))
+		return 1;
+
+	return icase && slow_same_name(name, namelen, ce->name, len);
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *index_name_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int icase)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = hash_name(name, namelen);
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	lazy_init_name_hash(istate);
+	ce = lookup_hash(hash, &istate->name_hash);
+
+	while (ce) {
+		if (!(ce->ce_flags & CE_UNHASHED)) {
+			if (same_name(ce, name, namelen, icase))
+				return ce;
+		}
+		ce = ce->next;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/object-refs.c b/object-refs.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 98ea10005a..0000000000
--- a/object-refs.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "object.h"
-
-int track_object_refs = 0;
-
-static unsigned int refs_hash_size, nr_object_refs;
-static struct object_refs **refs_hash;
-
-static unsigned int hash_obj(struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
-{
-	unsigned int hash = *(unsigned int *)obj->sha1;
-	return hash % n;
-}
-
-static void insert_ref_hash(struct object_refs *ref, struct object_refs **hash, unsigned int size)
-{
-	int j = hash_obj(ref->base, size);
-
-	while (hash[j]) {
-		j++;
-		if (j >= size)
-			j = 0;
-	}
-	hash[j] = ref;
-}
-
-static void grow_refs_hash(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	int new_hash_size = (refs_hash_size + 1000) * 3 / 2;
-	struct object_refs **new_hash;
-
-	new_hash = xcalloc(new_hash_size, sizeof(struct object_refs *));
-	for (i = 0; i < refs_hash_size; i++) {
-		struct object_refs *ref = refs_hash[i];
-		if (!ref)
-			continue;
-		insert_ref_hash(ref, new_hash, new_hash_size);
-	}
-	free(refs_hash);
-	refs_hash = new_hash;
-	refs_hash_size = new_hash_size;
-}
-
-static void add_object_refs(struct object *obj, struct object_refs *ref)
-{
-	int nr = nr_object_refs + 1;
-
-	if (nr > refs_hash_size * 2 / 3)
-		grow_refs_hash();
-	ref->base = obj;
-	insert_ref_hash(ref, refs_hash, refs_hash_size);
-	nr_object_refs = nr;
-}
-
-struct object_refs *lookup_object_refs(struct object *obj)
-{
-	struct object_refs *ref;
-	int j;
-
-	/* nothing to lookup */
-	if (!refs_hash_size)
-		return NULL;
-	j = hash_obj(obj, refs_hash_size);
-	while ((ref = refs_hash[j]) != NULL) {
-		if (ref->base == obj)
-			break;
-		j++;
-		if (j >= refs_hash_size)
-			j = 0;
-	}
-	return ref;
-}
-
-struct object_refs *alloc_object_refs(unsigned count)
-{
-	struct object_refs *refs;
-	size_t size = sizeof(*refs) + count*sizeof(struct object *);
-
-	refs = xcalloc(1, size);
-	refs->count = count;
-	return refs;
-}
-
-static int compare_object_pointers(const void *a, const void *b)
-{
-	const struct object * const *pa = a;
-	const struct object * const *pb = b;
-	if (*pa == *pb)
-		return 0;
-	else if (*pa < *pb)
-		return -1;
-	else
-		return 1;
-}
-
-void set_object_refs(struct object *obj, struct object_refs *refs)
-{
-	unsigned int i, j;
-
-	/* Do not install empty list of references */
-	if (refs->count < 1) {
-		free(refs);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* Sort the list and filter out duplicates */
-	qsort(refs->ref, refs->count, sizeof(refs->ref[0]),
-	      compare_object_pointers);
-	for (i = j = 1; i < refs->count; i++) {
-		if (refs->ref[i] != refs->ref[i - 1])
-			refs->ref[j++] = refs->ref[i];
-	}
-	if (j < refs->count) {
-		/* Duplicates were found - reallocate list */
-		size_t size = sizeof(*refs) + j*sizeof(struct object *);
-		refs->count = j;
-		refs = xrealloc(refs, size);
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < refs->count; i++)
-		refs->ref[i]->used = 1;
-	add_object_refs(obj, refs);
-}
-
-void mark_reachable(struct object *obj, unsigned int mask)
-{
-	const struct object_refs *refs;
-
-	if (!track_object_refs)
-		die("cannot do reachability with object refs turned off");
-	/* If we've been here already, don't bother */
-	if (obj->flags & mask)
-		return;
-	obj->flags |= mask;
-	refs = lookup_object_refs(obj);
-	if (refs) {
-		unsigned i;
-		for (i = 0; i < refs->count; i++)
-			mark_reachable(refs->ref[i], mask);
-	}
-}
-
-
diff --git a/object.c b/object.c
index 78a44a6ef4..a6ef439192 100644
--- a/object.c
+++ b/object.c
@@ -45,13 +45,14 @@ int type_from_string(const char *str)
 
 static unsigned int hash_obj(struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
 {
-	unsigned int hash = *(unsigned int *)obj->sha1;
+	unsigned int hash;
+	memcpy(&hash, obj->sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
 	return hash % n;
 }
 
 static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned int size)
 {
-	int j = hash_obj(obj, size);
+	unsigned int j = hash_obj(obj, size);
 
 	while (hash[j]) {
 		j++;
@@ -61,16 +62,16 @@ static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned i
 	hash[j] = obj;
 }
 
-static int hashtable_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static unsigned int hashtable_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 	memcpy(&i, sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
-	return (int)(i % obj_hash_size);
+	return i % obj_hash_size;
 }
 
 struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int i;
+	unsigned int i;
 	struct object *obj;
 
 	if (!obj_hash)
@@ -105,11 +106,13 @@ static void grow_object_hash(void)
 	obj_hash_size = new_hash_size;
 }
 
-void created_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object *obj)
+void *create_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int type, void *o)
 {
+	struct object *obj = o;
+
 	obj->parsed = 0;
 	obj->used = 0;
-	obj->type = OBJ_NONE;
+	obj->type = type;
 	obj->flags = 0;
 	hashcpy(obj->sha1, sha1);
 
@@ -118,25 +121,14 @@ void created_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object *obj)
 
 	insert_obj_hash(obj, obj_hash, obj_hash_size);
 	nr_objs++;
+	return obj;
 }
 
-union any_object {
-	struct object object;
-	struct commit commit;
-	struct tree tree;
-	struct blob blob;
-	struct tag tag;
-};
-
 struct object *lookup_unknown_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		union any_object *ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
-		created_object(sha1, &ret->object);
-		ret->object.type = OBJ_NONE;
-		return &ret->object;
-	}
+	if (!obj)
+		obj = create_object(sha1, OBJ_NONE, alloc_object_node());
 	return obj;
 }
 
@@ -145,32 +137,48 @@ struct object *parse_object_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type t
 	struct object *obj;
 	int eaten = 0;
 
+	obj = NULL;
 	if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 		struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
-		parse_blob_buffer(blob, buffer, size);
-		obj = &blob->object;
+		if (blob) {
+			if (parse_blob_buffer(blob, buffer, size))
+				return NULL;
+			obj = &blob->object;
+		}
 	} else if (type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(sha1);
-		obj = &tree->object;
-		if (!tree->object.parsed) {
-			parse_tree_buffer(tree, buffer, size);
-			eaten = 1;
+		if (tree) {
+			obj = &tree->object;
+			if (!tree->object.parsed) {
+				if (parse_tree_buffer(tree, buffer, size))
+					return NULL;
+				eaten = 1;
+			}
 		}
 	} else if (type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
-		parse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size);
-		if (!commit->buffer) {
-			commit->buffer = buffer;
-			eaten = 1;
+		if (commit) {
+			if (parse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size))
+				return NULL;
+			if (!commit->buffer) {
+				commit->buffer = buffer;
+				eaten = 1;
+			}
+			obj = &commit->object;
 		}
-		obj = &commit->object;
 	} else if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(sha1);
-		parse_tag_buffer(tag, buffer, size);
-		obj = &tag->object;
+		if (tag) {
+			if (parse_tag_buffer(tag, buffer, size))
+			       return NULL;
+			obj = &tag->object;
+		}
 	} else {
+		warning("object %s has unknown type id %d\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), type);
 		obj = NULL;
 	}
+	if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_NONE)
+		obj->type = type;
 	*eaten_p = eaten;
 	return obj;
 }
@@ -185,6 +193,7 @@ struct object *parse_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (buffer) {
 		struct object *obj;
 		if (check_sha1_signature(sha1, buffer, size, typename(type)) < 0) {
+			free(buffer);
 			error("sha1 mismatch %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			return NULL;
 		}
@@ -240,6 +249,11 @@ int object_list_contains(struct object_list *list, struct object *obj)
 
 void add_object_array(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array)
 {
+	add_object_array_with_mode(obj, name, array, S_IFINVALID);
+}
+
+void add_object_array_with_mode(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array, unsigned mode)
+{
 	unsigned nr = array->nr;
 	unsigned alloc = array->alloc;
 	struct object_array_entry *objects = array->objects;
@@ -252,5 +266,25 @@ void add_object_array(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array
 	}
 	objects[nr].item = obj;
 	objects[nr].name = name;
+	objects[nr].mode = mode;
 	array->nr = ++nr;
 }
+
+void object_array_remove_duplicates(struct object_array *array)
+{
+	int ref, src, dst;
+	struct object_array_entry *objects = array->objects;
+
+	for (ref = 0; ref < array->nr - 1; ref++) {
+		for (src = ref + 1, dst = src;
+		     src < array->nr;
+		     src++) {
+			if (!strcmp(objects[ref].name, objects[src].name))
+				continue;
+			if (src != dst)
+				objects[dst] = objects[src];
+			dst++;
+		}
+		array->nr = dst;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index bdbf0facd4..89dd0c47a6 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ struct object_list {
 
 struct object_refs {
 	unsigned count;
-	struct object *base;
 	struct object *ref[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ struct object_array {
 	struct object_array_entry {
 		struct object *item;
 		const char *name;
+		unsigned mode;
 	} *objects;
 };
 
@@ -35,19 +35,27 @@ struct object {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
-extern int track_object_refs;
-
 extern const char *typename(unsigned int type);
 extern int type_from_string(const char *str);
 
 extern unsigned int get_max_object_index(void);
 extern struct object *get_indexed_object(unsigned int);
-extern struct object_refs *lookup_object_refs(struct object *);
 
-/** Internal only **/
+/*
+ * This can be used to see if we have heard of the object before, but
+ * it can return "yes we have, and here is a half-initialised object"
+ * for an object that we haven't loaded/parsed yet.
+ *
+ * When parsing a commit to create an in-core commit object, its
+ * parents list holds commit objects that represent its parents, but
+ * they are expected to be lazily initialized and do not know what
+ * their trees or parents are yet.  When this function returns such a
+ * half-initialised objects, the caller is expected to initialize them
+ * by calling parse_object() on them.
+ */
 struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
-void created_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object *obj);
+extern void *create_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int type, void *obj);
 
 /** Returns the object, having parsed it to find out what it is. **/
 struct object *parse_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
@@ -61,12 +69,7 @@ struct object *parse_object_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type t
 /** Returns the object, with potentially excess memory allocated. **/
 struct object *lookup_unknown_object(const unsigned  char *sha1);
 
-struct object_refs *alloc_object_refs(unsigned count);
-void set_object_refs(struct object *obj, struct object_refs *refs);
-
-void mark_reachable(struct object *obj, unsigned int mask);
-
-struct object_list *object_list_insert(struct object *item, 
+struct object_list *object_list_insert(struct object *item,
 				       struct object_list **list_p);
 
 void object_list_append(struct object *item,
@@ -78,5 +81,7 @@ int object_list_contains(struct object_list *list, struct object *obj);
 
 /* Object array handling .. */
 void add_object_array(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array);
+void add_object_array_with_mode(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array, unsigned mode);
+void object_array_remove_duplicates(struct object_array *);
 
 #endif /* OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index f58083d11e..166ca703c1 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -1,16 +1,58 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+
+struct idx_entry
+{
+	off_t                offset;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	unsigned int nr;
+};
+
+static int compare_entries(const void *e1, const void *e2)
+{
+	const struct idx_entry *entry1 = e1;
+	const struct idx_entry *entry2 = e2;
+	if (entry1->offset < entry2->offset)
+		return -1;
+	if (entry1->offset > entry2->offset)
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int check_pack_crc(struct packed_git *p, struct pack_window **w_curs,
+		   off_t offset, off_t len, unsigned int nr)
+{
+	const uint32_t *index_crc;
+	uint32_t data_crc = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
+
+	do {
+		unsigned int avail;
+		void *data = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &avail);
+		if (avail > len)
+			avail = len;
+		data_crc = crc32(data_crc, data, avail);
+		offset += avail;
+		len -= avail;
+	} while (len);
+
+	index_crc = p->index_data;
+	index_crc += 2 + 256 + p->num_objects * (20/4) + nr;
+
+	return data_crc != ntohl(*index_crc);
+}
 
 static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 		struct pack_window **w_curs)
 {
 	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
 	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig = p->pack_size - 20;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	unsigned char sha1[20], *pack_sig;
+	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig_ofs = 0;
 	uint32_t nr_objects, i;
-	int err;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct idx_entry *entries;
 
 	/* Note that the pack header checks are actually performed by
 	 * use_pack when it first opens the pack file.  If anything
@@ -18,147 +60,104 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 	 * immediately.
 	 */
 
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	while (offset < pack_sig) {
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	do {
 		unsigned int remaining;
 		unsigned char *in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &remaining);
 		offset += remaining;
-		if (offset > pack_sig)
-			remaining -= (unsigned int)(offset - pack_sig);
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, in, remaining);
-	}
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, use_pack(p, w_curs, pack_sig, NULL)))
-		return error("Packfile %s SHA1 mismatch with itself",
-			     p->pack_name);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, index_base + index_size - 40))
-		return error("Packfile %s SHA1 mismatch with idx",
-			     p->pack_name);
+		if (!pack_sig_ofs)
+			pack_sig_ofs = p->pack_size - 20;
+		if (offset > pack_sig_ofs)
+			remaining -= (unsigned int)(offset - pack_sig_ofs);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, in, remaining);
+	} while (offset < pack_sig_ofs);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	pack_sig = use_pack(p, w_curs, pack_sig_ofs, NULL);
+	if (hashcmp(sha1, pack_sig))
+		err = error("%s SHA1 checksum mismatch",
+			    p->pack_name);
+	if (hashcmp(index_base + index_size - 40, pack_sig))
+		err = error("%s SHA1 does not match its inddex",
+			    p->pack_name);
 	unuse_pack(w_curs);
 
 	/* Make sure everything reachable from idx is valid.  Since we
 	 * have verified that nr_objects matches between idx and pack,
 	 * we do not do scan-streaming check on the pack file.
 	 */
-	nr_objects = num_packed_objects(p);
-	for (i = 0, err = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+	nr_objects = p->num_objects;
+	entries = xmalloc((nr_objects + 1) * sizeof(*entries));
+	entries[nr_objects].offset = pack_sig_ofs;
+	/* first sort entries by pack offset, since unpacking them is more efficient that way */
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		entries[i].sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+		if (!entries[i].sha1)
+			die("internal error pack-check nth-packed-object");
+		entries[i].offset = nth_packed_object_offset(p, i);
+		entries[i].nr = i;
+	}
+	qsort(entries, nr_objects, sizeof(*entries), compare_entries);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		void *data;
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
-		off_t offset;
 
-		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-		if (!sha1)
-			die("internal error pack-check nth-packed-object");
-		offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
-		if (!offset)
-			die("internal error pack-check find-pack-entry-one");
-		data = unpack_entry(p, offset, &type, &size);
+		if (p->index_version > 1) {
+			off_t offset = entries[i].offset;
+			off_t len = entries[i+1].offset - offset;
+			unsigned int nr = entries[i].nr;
+			if (check_pack_crc(p, w_curs, offset, len, nr))
+				err = error("index CRC mismatch for object %s "
+					    "from %s at offset %"PRIuMAX"",
+					    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1),
+					    p->pack_name, (uintmax_t)offset);
+		}
+		data = unpack_entry(p, entries[i].offset, &type, &size);
 		if (!data) {
-			err = error("cannot unpack %s from %s",
-				    sha1_to_hex(sha1), p->pack_name);
-			continue;
+			err = error("cannot unpack %s from %s at offset %"PRIuMAX"",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name,
+				    (uintmax_t)entries[i].offset);
+			break;
 		}
-		if (check_sha1_signature(sha1, data, size, typename(type))) {
+		if (check_sha1_signature(entries[i].sha1, data, size, typename(type))) {
 			err = error("packed %s from %s is corrupt",
-				    sha1_to_hex(sha1), p->pack_name);
+				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name);
 			free(data);
-			continue;
+			break;
 		}
 		free(data);
 	}
+	free(entries);
 
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-#define MAX_CHAIN 40
-
-static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	uint32_t nr_objects, i, chain_histogram[MAX_CHAIN];
-
-	nr_objects = num_packed_objects(p);
-	memset(chain_histogram, 0, sizeof(chain_histogram));
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
-		unsigned char base_sha1[20];
-		const char *type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		unsigned long store_size;
-		off_t offset;
-		unsigned int delta_chain_length;
-
-		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-		if (!sha1)
-			die("internal error pack-check nth-packed-object");
-		offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
-		if (!offset)
-			die("internal error pack-check find-pack-entry-one");
-
-		type = packed_object_info_detail(p, offset, &size, &store_size,
-						 &delta_chain_length,
-						 base_sha1);
-		printf("%s ", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (!delta_chain_length)
-			printf("%-6s %lu %"PRIuMAX"\n",
-			       type, size, (uintmax_t)offset);
-		else {
-			printf("%-6s %lu %"PRIuMAX" %u %s\n",
-			       type, size, (uintmax_t)offset,
-			       delta_chain_length, sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
-			if (delta_chain_length < MAX_CHAIN)
-				chain_histogram[delta_chain_length]++;
-			else
-				chain_histogram[0]++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < MAX_CHAIN; i++) {
-		if (!chain_histogram[i])
-			continue;
-		printf("chain length %s %d: %d object%s\n",
-		       i ? "=" : ">=",
-		       i ? i : MAX_CHAIN,
-		       chain_histogram[i],
-		       1 < chain_histogram[i] ? "s" : "");
-	}
-}
-
-int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p, int verbose)
+int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 {
-	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
-	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
+	off_t index_size;
+	const unsigned char *index_base;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int ret;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
+
+	if (open_pack_index(p))
+		return error("packfile %s index not opened", p->pack_name);
+	index_size = p->index_size;
+	index_base = p->index_data;
 
-	ret = 0;
 	/* Verify SHA1 sum of the index file */
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	SHA1_Update(&ctx, index_base, (unsigned int)(index_size - 20));
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, index_base, (unsigned int)(index_size - 20));
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
 	if (hashcmp(sha1, index_base + index_size - 20))
-		ret = error("Packfile index for %s SHA1 mismatch",
+		err = error("Packfile index for %s SHA1 mismatch",
 			    p->pack_name);
 
-	if (!ret) {
-		/* Verify pack file */
-		struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
-		ret = verify_packfile(p, &w_curs);
-		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-	}
+	/* Verify pack file */
+	err |= verify_packfile(p, &w_curs);
+	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 
-	if (verbose) {
-		if (ret)
-			printf("%s: bad\n", p->pack_name);
-		else {
-			show_pack_info(p);
-			printf("%s: ok\n", p->pack_name);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ret;
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/pack-redundant.c b/pack-redundant.c
index 40e579b2d9..48a12bc135 100644
--- a/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/pack-redundant.c
@@ -7,11 +7,12 @@
 */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define BLKSIZE 512
 
 static const char pack_redundant_usage[] =
-"git-pack-redundant [ --verbose ] [ --alt-odb ] < --all | <.pack filename> ...>";
+"git pack-redundant [ --verbose ] [ --alt-odb ] < --all | <.pack filename> ...>";
 
 static int load_all_packs, verbose, alt_odb;
 
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ static struct llist * llist_copy(struct llist *list)
 {
 	struct llist *ret;
 	struct llist_item *new, *old, *prev;
-	
+
 	llist_init(&ret);
 
 	if ((ret->size = list->size) == 0)
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ static struct llist * llist_copy(struct llist *list)
 	}
 	new->next = NULL;
 	ret->back = new;
-	
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -247,16 +248,19 @@ static struct pack_list * pack_list_difference(const struct pack_list *A,
 
 static void cmp_two_packs(struct pack_list *p1, struct pack_list *p2)
 {
-	int p1_off, p2_off;
+	unsigned long p1_off = 0, p2_off = 0, p1_step, p2_step;
 	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
 	struct llist_item *p1_hint = NULL, *p2_hint = NULL;
 
-	p1_off = p2_off = 256 * 4 + 4;
 	p1_base = p1->pack->index_data;
 	p2_base = p2->pack->index_data;
+	p1_base += 256 * 4 + ((p1->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
+	p2_base += 256 * 4 + ((p2->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
+	p1_step = (p1->pack->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	p2_step = (p2->pack->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
 
-	while (p1_off <= p1->pack->index_size - 3 * 20 &&
-	       p2_off <= p2->pack->index_size - 3 * 20)
+	while (p1_off < p1->pack->num_objects * p1_step &&
+	       p2_off < p2->pack->num_objects * p2_step)
 	{
 		int cmp = hashcmp(p1_base + p1_off, p2_base + p2_off);
 		/* cmp ~ p1 - p2 */
@@ -265,14 +269,14 @@ static void cmp_two_packs(struct pack_list *p1, struct pack_list *p2)
 					p1_base + p1_off, p1_hint);
 			p2_hint = llist_sorted_remove(p2->unique_objects,
 					p1_base + p1_off, p2_hint);
-			p1_off+=24;
-			p2_off+=24;
+			p1_off += p1_step;
+			p2_off += p2_step;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (cmp < 0) { /* p1 has the object, p2 doesn't */
-			p1_off+=24;
+			p1_off += p1_step;
 		} else { /* p2 has the object, p1 doesn't */
-			p2_off+=24;
+			p2_off += p2_step;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -352,28 +356,31 @@ static int is_superset(struct pack_list *pl, struct llist *list)
 static size_t sizeof_union(struct packed_git *p1, struct packed_git *p2)
 {
 	size_t ret = 0;
-	int p1_off, p2_off;
+	unsigned long p1_off = 0, p2_off = 0, p1_step, p2_step;
 	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
 
-	p1_off = p2_off = 256 * 4 + 4;
 	p1_base = p1->index_data;
 	p2_base = p2->index_data;
+	p1_base += 256 * 4 + ((p1->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
+	p2_base += 256 * 4 + ((p2->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
+	p1_step = (p1->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	p2_step = (p2->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
 
-	while (p1_off <= p1->index_size - 3 * 20 &&
-	       p2_off <= p2->index_size - 3 * 20)
+	while (p1_off < p1->num_objects * p1_step &&
+	       p2_off < p2->num_objects * p2_step)
 	{
 		int cmp = hashcmp(p1_base + p1_off, p2_base + p2_off);
 		/* cmp ~ p1 - p2 */
 		if (cmp == 0) {
 			ret++;
-			p1_off+=24;
-			p2_off+=24;
+			p1_off += p1_step;
+			p2_off += p2_step;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (cmp < 0) { /* p1 has the object, p2 doesn't */
-			p1_off+=24;
+			p1_off += p1_step;
 		} else { /* p2 has the object, p1 doesn't */
-			p2_off+=24;
+			p2_off += p2_step;
 		}
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -457,7 +464,7 @@ static void minimize(struct pack_list **min)
 		pll_free(perm_all);
 	}
 	if (perm_ok == NULL)
-		die("Internal error: No complete sets found!\n");
+		die("Internal error: No complete sets found!");
 
 	/* find the permutation with the smallest size */
 	perm = perm_ok;
@@ -535,7 +542,7 @@ static void scan_alt_odb_packs(void)
 static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	struct pack_list l;
-	size_t off;
+	unsigned long off = 0, step;
 	const unsigned char *base;
 
 	if (!p->pack_local && !(alt_odb || verbose))
@@ -544,11 +551,15 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 	l.pack = p;
 	llist_init(&l.all_objects);
 
-	off = 256 * 4 + 4;
+	if (open_pack_index(p))
+		return NULL;
+
 	base = p->index_data;
-	while (off <= p->index_size - 3 * 20) {
+	base += 256 * 4 + ((p->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
+	step = (p->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	while (off < p->num_objects * step) {
 		llist_insert_back(l.all_objects, base + off);
-		off += 24;
+		off += step;
 	}
 	/* this list will be pruned in cmp_two_packs later */
 	l.unique_objects = llist_copy(l.all_objects);
@@ -563,14 +574,14 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack_file(char *filename)
 	struct packed_git *p = packed_git;
 
 	if (strlen(filename) < 40)
-		die("Bad pack filename: %s\n", filename);
+		die("Bad pack filename: %s", filename);
 
 	while (p) {
 		if (strstr(p->pack_name, filename))
 			return add_pack(p);
 		p = p->next;
 	}
-	die("Filename %s not found in packed_git\n", filename);
+	die("Filename %s not found in packed_git", filename);
 }
 
 static void load_all(void)
@@ -591,6 +602,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned char *sha1;
 	char buf[42]; /* 40 byte sha1 + \n + \0 */
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -626,7 +639,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			add_pack_file(*(argv + i++));
 
 	if (local_packs == NULL)
-		die("Zero packs found!\n");
+		die("Zero packs found!");
 
 	load_all_objects();
 
diff --git a/pack-refs.c b/pack-refs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f43f8ac33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pack-refs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "pack-refs.h"
+
+struct ref_to_prune {
+	struct ref_to_prune *next;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+struct pack_refs_cb_data {
+	unsigned int flags;
+	struct ref_to_prune *ref_to_prune;
+	FILE *refs_file;
+};
+
+static int do_not_prune(int flags)
+{
+	/* If it is already packed or if it is a symref,
+	 * do not prune it.
+	 */
+	return (flags & (REF_ISSYMREF|REF_ISPACKED));
+}
+
+static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			  int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct pack_refs_cb_data *cb = cb_data;
+	int is_tag_ref;
+
+	/* Do not pack the symbolic refs */
+	if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		return 0;
+	is_tag_ref = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
+
+	/* ALWAYS pack refs that were already packed or are tags */
+	if (!(cb->flags & PACK_REFS_ALL) && !is_tag_ref && !(flags & REF_ISPACKED))
+		return 0;
+
+	fprintf(cb->refs_file, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
+	if (is_tag_ref) {
+		struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+		if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+			o = deref_tag(o, path, 0);
+			if (o)
+				fprintf(cb->refs_file, "^%s\n",
+					sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ((cb->flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE) && !do_not_prune(flags)) {
+		int namelen = strlen(path) + 1;
+		struct ref_to_prune *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*n) + namelen);
+		hashcpy(n->sha1, sha1);
+		strcpy(n->name, path);
+		n->next = cb->ref_to_prune;
+		cb->ref_to_prune = n;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* make sure nobody touched the ref, and unlink */
+static void prune_ref(struct ref_to_prune *r)
+{
+	struct ref_lock *lock = lock_ref_sha1(r->name + 5, r->sha1);
+
+	if (lock) {
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("%s", r->name));
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static void prune_refs(struct ref_to_prune *r)
+{
+	while (r) {
+		prune_ref(r);
+		r = r->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static struct lock_file packed;
+
+int pack_refs(unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int fd;
+	struct pack_refs_cb_data cbdata;
+
+	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
+	cbdata.flags = flags;
+
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&packed, git_path("packed-refs"),
+				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	cbdata.refs_file = fdopen(fd, "w");
+	if (!cbdata.refs_file)
+		die_errno("unable to create ref-pack file structure");
+
+	/* perhaps other traits later as well */
+	fprintf(cbdata.refs_file, "# pack-refs with: peeled \n");
+
+	for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &cbdata);
+	if (ferror(cbdata.refs_file))
+		die("failed to write ref-pack file");
+	if (fflush(cbdata.refs_file) || fsync(fd) || fclose(cbdata.refs_file))
+		die_errno("failed to write ref-pack file");
+	/*
+	 * Since the lock file was fdopen()'ed and then fclose()'ed above,
+	 * assign -1 to the lock file descriptor so that commit_lock_file()
+	 * won't try to close() it.
+	 */
+	packed.fd = -1;
+	if (commit_lock_file(&packed) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file");
+	if (cbdata.flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)
+		prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/pack-refs.h b/pack-refs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..518acfb370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pack-refs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef PACK_REFS_H
+#define PACK_REFS_H
+
+/*
+ * Flags for controlling behaviour of pack_refs()
+ * PACK_REFS_PRUNE: Prune loose refs after packing
+ * PACK_REFS_ALL:   Pack _all_ refs, not just tags and already packed refs
+ */
+#define PACK_REFS_PRUNE 0x0001
+#define PACK_REFS_ALL   0x0002
+
+/*
+ * Write a packed-refs file for the current repository.
+ * flags: Combination of the above PACK_REFS_* flags.
+ */
+int pack_refs(unsigned int flags);
+
+#endif /* PACK_REFS_H */
diff --git a/pack-revindex.c b/pack-revindex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77a0465be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pack-revindex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+
+/*
+ * Pack index for existing packs give us easy access to the offsets into
+ * corresponding pack file where each object's data starts, but the entries
+ * do not store the size of the compressed representation (uncompressed
+ * size is easily available by examining the pack entry header).  It is
+ * also rather expensive to find the sha1 for an object given its offset.
+ *
+ * We build a hashtable of existing packs (pack_revindex), and keep reverse
+ * index here -- pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset;
+ * this pack_revindex[].revindex array is a list of offset/index_nr pairs
+ * ordered by offset, so if you know the offset of an object, next offset
+ * is where its packed representation ends and the index_nr can be used to
+ * get the object sha1 from the main index.
+ */
+
+struct pack_revindex {
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
+};
+
+static struct pack_revindex *pack_revindex;
+static int pack_revindex_hashsz;
+
+static int pack_revindex_ix(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	unsigned long ui = (unsigned long)p;
+	int i;
+
+	ui = ui ^ (ui >> 16); /* defeat structure alignment */
+	i = (int)(ui % pack_revindex_hashsz);
+	while (pack_revindex[i].p) {
+		if (pack_revindex[i].p == p)
+			return i;
+		if (++i == pack_revindex_hashsz)
+			i = 0;
+	}
+	return -1 - i;
+}
+
+static void init_pack_revindex(void)
+{
+	int num;
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	for (num = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		num++;
+	if (!num)
+		return;
+	pack_revindex_hashsz = num * 11;
+	pack_revindex = xcalloc(sizeof(*pack_revindex), pack_revindex_hashsz);
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
+		num = - 1 - num;
+		pack_revindex[num].p = p;
+	}
+	/* revindex elements are lazily initialized */
+}
+
+static int cmp_offset(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct revindex_entry *a = a_;
+	const struct revindex_entry *b = b_;
+	return (a->offset < b->offset) ? -1 : (a->offset > b->offset) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ordered list of offsets of objects in the pack.
+ */
+static void create_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p = rix->p;
+	int num_ent = p->num_objects;
+	int i;
+	const char *index = p->index_data;
+
+	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(*rix->revindex) * (num_ent + 1));
+	index += 4 * 256;
+
+	if (p->index_version > 1) {
+		const uint32_t *off_32 =
+			(uint32_t *)(index + 8 + p->num_objects * (20 + 4));
+		const uint32_t *off_64 = off_32 + p->num_objects;
+		for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
+			uint32_t off = ntohl(*off_32++);
+			if (!(off & 0x80000000)) {
+				rix->revindex[i].offset = off;
+			} else {
+				rix->revindex[i].offset =
+					((uint64_t)ntohl(*off_64++)) << 32;
+				rix->revindex[i].offset |=
+					ntohl(*off_64++);
+			}
+			rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
+			uint32_t hl = *((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * i));
+			rix->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
+			rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* This knows the pack format -- the 20-byte trailer
+	 * follows immediately after the last object data.
+	 */
+	rix->revindex[num_ent].offset = p->pack_size - 20;
+	rix->revindex[num_ent].nr = -1;
+	qsort(rix->revindex, num_ent, sizeof(*rix->revindex), cmp_offset);
+}
+
+struct revindex_entry *find_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs)
+{
+	int num;
+	int lo, hi;
+	struct pack_revindex *rix;
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
+
+	if (!pack_revindex_hashsz)
+		init_pack_revindex();
+	num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
+	if (num < 0)
+		die("internal error: pack revindex fubar");
+
+	rix = &pack_revindex[num];
+	if (!rix->revindex)
+		create_pack_revindex(rix);
+	revindex = rix->revindex;
+
+	lo = 0;
+	hi = p->num_objects + 1;
+	do {
+		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+		if (revindex[mi].offset == ofs) {
+			return revindex + mi;
+		} else if (ofs < revindex[mi].offset)
+			hi = mi;
+		else
+			lo = mi + 1;
+	} while (lo < hi);
+	error("bad offset for revindex");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void discard_revindex(void)
+{
+	if (pack_revindex_hashsz) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < pack_revindex_hashsz; i++)
+			free(pack_revindex[i].revindex);
+		free(pack_revindex);
+		pack_revindex_hashsz = 0;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pack-revindex.h b/pack-revindex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d5027ad91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pack-revindex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#ifndef PACK_REVINDEX_H
+#define PACK_REVINDEX_H
+
+struct revindex_entry {
+	off_t offset;
+	unsigned int nr;
+};
+
+struct revindex_entry *find_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs);
+void discard_revindex(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/pack-write.c b/pack-write.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..741efcd93b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pack-write.c
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "csum-file.h"
+
+uint32_t pack_idx_default_version = 2;
+uint32_t pack_idx_off32_limit = 0x7fffffff;
+
+static int sha1_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	struct pack_idx_entry *a = *(struct pack_idx_entry **)_a;
+	struct pack_idx_entry *b = *(struct pack_idx_entry **)_b;
+	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * On entry *sha1 contains the pack content SHA1 hash, on exit it is
+ * the SHA1 hash of sorted object names. The objects array passed in
+ * will be sorted by SHA1 on exit.
+ */
+char *write_idx_file(char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objects,
+		     int nr_objects, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct pack_idx_entry **sorted_by_sha, **list, **last;
+	off_t last_obj_offset = 0;
+	uint32_t array[256];
+	int i, fd;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	uint32_t index_version;
+
+	if (nr_objects) {
+		sorted_by_sha = objects;
+		list = sorted_by_sha;
+		last = sorted_by_sha + nr_objects;
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; ++i) {
+			if (objects[i]->offset > last_obj_offset)
+				last_obj_offset = objects[i]->offset;
+		}
+		qsort(sorted_by_sha, nr_objects, sizeof(sorted_by_sha[0]),
+		      sha1_compare);
+	}
+	else
+		sorted_by_sha = list = last = NULL;
+
+	if (!index_name) {
+		static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+		fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
+		index_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
+	} else {
+		unlink(index_name);
+		fd = open(index_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
+	}
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to create '%s'", index_name);
+	f = sha1fd(fd, index_name);
+
+	/* if last object's offset is >= 2^31 we should use index V2 */
+	index_version = (last_obj_offset >> 31) ? 2 : pack_idx_default_version;
+
+	/* index versions 2 and above need a header */
+	if (index_version >= 2) {
+		struct pack_idx_header hdr;
+		hdr.idx_signature = htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE);
+		hdr.idx_version = htonl(index_version);
+		sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Write the first-level table (the list is sorted,
+	 * but we use a 256-entry lookup to be able to avoid
+	 * having to do eight extra binary search iterations).
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		struct pack_idx_entry **next = list;
+		while (next < last) {
+			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *next;
+			if (obj->sha1[0] != i)
+				break;
+			next++;
+		}
+		array[i] = htonl(next - sorted_by_sha);
+		list = next;
+	}
+	sha1write(f, array, 256 * 4);
+
+	/* compute the SHA1 hash of sorted object names. */
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write the actual SHA1 entries..
+	 */
+	list = sorted_by_sha;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
+		if (index_version < 2) {
+			uint32_t offset = htonl(obj->offset);
+			sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
+		}
+		sha1write(f, obj->sha1, 20);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, obj->sha1, 20);
+	}
+
+	if (index_version >= 2) {
+		unsigned int nr_large_offset = 0;
+
+		/* write the crc32 table */
+		list = sorted_by_sha;
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
+			uint32_t crc32_val = htonl(obj->crc32);
+			sha1write(f, &crc32_val, 4);
+		}
+
+		/* write the 32-bit offset table */
+		list = sorted_by_sha;
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
+			uint32_t offset = (obj->offset <= pack_idx_off32_limit) ?
+				obj->offset : (0x80000000 | nr_large_offset++);
+			offset = htonl(offset);
+			sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
+		}
+
+		/* write the large offset table */
+		list = sorted_by_sha;
+		while (nr_large_offset) {
+			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
+			uint64_t offset = obj->offset;
+			if (offset > pack_idx_off32_limit) {
+				uint32_t split[2];
+				split[0] = htonl(offset >> 32);
+				split[1] = htonl(offset & 0xffffffff);
+				sha1write(f, split, 8);
+				nr_large_offset--;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	sha1write(f, sha1, 20);
+	sha1close(f, NULL, CSUM_FSYNC);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	return index_name;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update pack header with object_count and compute new SHA1 for pack data
+ * associated to pack_fd, and write that SHA1 at the end.  That new SHA1
+ * is also returned in new_pack_sha1.
+ *
+ * If partial_pack_sha1 is non null, then the SHA1 of the existing pack
+ * (without the header update) is computed and validated against the
+ * one provided in partial_pack_sha1.  The validation is performed at
+ * partial_pack_offset bytes in the pack file.  The SHA1 of the remaining
+ * data (i.e. from partial_pack_offset to the end) is then computed and
+ * returned in partial_pack_sha1.
+ *
+ * Note that new_pack_sha1 is updated last, so both new_pack_sha1 and
+ * partial_pack_sha1 can refer to the same buffer if the caller is not
+ * interested in the resulting SHA1 of pack data above partial_pack_offset.
+ */
+void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
+			 unsigned char *new_pack_sha1,
+			 const char *pack_name,
+			 uint32_t object_count,
+			 unsigned char *partial_pack_sha1,
+			 off_t partial_pack_offset)
+{
+	int aligned_sz, buf_sz = 8 * 1024;
+	git_SHA_CTX old_sha1_ctx, new_sha1_ctx;
+	struct pack_header hdr;
+	char *buf;
+
+	git_SHA1_Init(&old_sha1_ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&new_sha1_ctx);
+
+	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
+		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
+	if (read_in_full(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
+		die_errno("Unable to reread header of '%s'", pack_name);
+	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
+		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&old_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(object_count);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	write_or_die(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	partial_pack_offset -= sizeof(hdr);
+
+	buf = xmalloc(buf_sz);
+	aligned_sz = buf_sz - sizeof(hdr);
+	for (;;) {
+		ssize_t m, n;
+		m = (partial_pack_sha1 && partial_pack_offset < aligned_sz) ?
+			partial_pack_offset : aligned_sz;
+		n = xread(pack_fd, buf, m);
+		if (!n)
+			break;
+		if (n < 0)
+			die_errno("Failed to checksum '%s'", pack_name);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, buf, n);
+
+		aligned_sz -= n;
+		if (!aligned_sz)
+			aligned_sz = buf_sz;
+
+		if (!partial_pack_sha1)
+			continue;
+
+		git_SHA1_Update(&old_sha1_ctx, buf, n);
+		partial_pack_offset -= n;
+		if (partial_pack_offset == 0) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &old_sha1_ctx);
+			if (hashcmp(sha1, partial_pack_sha1) != 0)
+				die("Unexpected checksum for %s "
+				    "(disk corruption?)", pack_name);
+			/*
+			 * Now let's compute the SHA1 of the remainder of the
+			 * pack, which also means making partial_pack_offset
+			 * big enough not to matter anymore.
+			 */
+			git_SHA1_Init(&old_sha1_ctx);
+			partial_pack_offset = ~partial_pack_offset;
+			partial_pack_offset -= MSB(partial_pack_offset, 1);
+		}
+	}
+	free(buf);
+
+	if (partial_pack_sha1)
+		git_SHA1_Final(partial_pack_sha1, &old_sha1_ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(new_pack_sha1, &new_sha1_ctx);
+	write_or_die(pack_fd, new_pack_sha1, 20);
+	fsync_or_die(pack_fd, pack_name);
+}
+
+char *index_pack_lockfile(int ip_out)
+{
+	char packname[46];
+
+	/*
+	 * The first thing we expect from index-pack's output
+	 * is "pack\t%40s\n" or "keep\t%40s\n" (46 bytes) where
+	 * %40s is the newly created pack SHA1 name.  In the "keep"
+	 * case, we need it to remove the corresponding .keep file
+	 * later on.  If we don't get that then tough luck with it.
+	 */
+	if (read_in_full(ip_out, packname, 46) == 46 && packname[45] == '\n' &&
+	    memcmp(packname, "keep\t", 5) == 0) {
+		char path[PATH_MAX];
+		packname[45] = 0;
+		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
+			 get_object_directory(), packname + 5);
+		return xstrdup(path);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/pack.h b/pack.h
index d4d412ccbb..a883334b26 100644
--- a/pack.h
+++ b/pack.h
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ struct pack_header {
  */
 #define PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE 0xff744f63	/* "\377tOc" */
 
+/* These may be overridden by command-line parameters */
+extern uint32_t pack_idx_default_version;
+extern uint32_t pack_idx_off32_limit;
+
 /*
  * Packed object index header
  */
@@ -42,8 +46,20 @@ struct pack_idx_header {
 	uint32_t idx_version;
 };
 
+/*
+ * Common part of object structure used for write_idx_file
+ */
+struct pack_idx_entry {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	uint32_t crc32;
+	off_t offset;
+};
 
-extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *, int);
+extern char *write_idx_file(char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objects, int nr_objects, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int check_pack_crc(struct packed_git *p, struct pack_window **w_curs, off_t offset, off_t len, unsigned int nr);
+extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *);
+extern void fixup_pack_header_footer(int, unsigned char *, const char *, uint32_t, unsigned char *, off_t);
+extern char *index_pack_lockfile(int fd);
 
 #define PH_ERROR_EOF		(-1)
 #define PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE	(-2)
diff --git a/pager.c b/pager.c
index 5f280ab527..4921843577 100644
--- a/pager.c
+++ b/pager.c
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-
-#include <sys/select.h>
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 /*
- * This is split up from the rest of git so that we might do
- * something different on Windows, for example.
+ * This is split up from the rest of git so that we can do
+ * something different on Windows.
  */
 
-static void run_pager(const char *pager)
+static int spawned_pager;
+
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+static void pager_preexec(void)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Work around bug in "less" by not starting it until we
@@ -19,18 +22,41 @@ static void run_pager(const char *pager)
 	FD_SET(0, &in);
 	select(1, &in, NULL, &in, NULL);
 
-	execlp(pager, pager, NULL);
-	execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", pager, NULL);
+	setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
+}
+#endif
+
+static const char *pager_argv[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
+static struct child_process pager_process;
+
+static void wait_for_pager(void)
+{
+	fflush(stdout);
+	fflush(stderr);
+	/* signal EOF to pager */
+	close(1);
+	close(2);
+	finish_command(&pager_process);
+}
+
+static void wait_for_pager_signal(int signo)
+{
+	wait_for_pager();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
 }
 
 void setup_pager(void)
 {
-	pid_t pid;
-	int fd[2];
 	const char *pager = getenv("GIT_PAGER");
 
 	if (!isatty(1))
 		return;
+	if (!pager) {
+		if (!pager_program)
+			git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+		pager = pager_program;
+	}
 	if (!pager)
 		pager = getenv("PAGER");
 	if (!pager)
@@ -38,32 +64,36 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 	else if (!*pager || !strcmp(pager, "cat"))
 		return;
 
-	pager_in_use = 1; /* means we are emitting to terminal */
+	spawned_pager = 1; /* means we are emitting to terminal */
 
-	if (pipe(fd) < 0)
-		return;
-	pid = fork();
-	if (pid < 0) {
-		close(fd[0]);
-		close(fd[1]);
+	/* spawn the pager */
+	pager_argv[2] = pager;
+	pager_process.argv = pager_argv;
+	pager_process.in = -1;
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	pager_process.preexec_cb = pager_preexec;
+#endif
+	if (start_command(&pager_process))
 		return;
-	}
 
-	/* return in the child */
-	if (!pid) {
-		dup2(fd[1], 1);
-		close(fd[0]);
-		close(fd[1]);
-		return;
-	}
+	/* original process continues, but writes to the pipe */
+	dup2(pager_process.in, 1);
+	if (isatty(2))
+		dup2(pager_process.in, 2);
+	close(pager_process.in);
 
-	/* The original process turns into the PAGER */
-	dup2(fd[0], 0);
-	close(fd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
+	/* this makes sure that the parent terminates after the pager */
+	sigchain_push_common(wait_for_pager_signal);
+	atexit(wait_for_pager);
+}
 
-	setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
-	run_pager(pager);
-	die("unable to execute pager '%s'", pager);
-	exit(255);
+int pager_in_use(void)
+{
+	const char *env;
+
+	if (spawned_pager)
+		return 1;
+
+	env = getenv("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE");
+	return env ? git_config_bool("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", env) : 0;
 }
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7ce523a61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+
+#define OPT_SHORT 1
+#define OPT_UNSET 2
+
+static int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
+{
+	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
+		return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
+	if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
+		return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+	return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+}
+
+static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
+		   int flags, const char **arg)
+{
+	if (p->opt) {
+		*arg = p->opt;
+		p->opt = NULL;
+	} else if (p->argc == 1 && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT)) {
+		*arg = (const char *)opt->defval;
+	} else if (p->argc > 1) {
+		p->argc--;
+		*arg = *++p->argv;
+	} else
+		return opterror(opt, "requires a value", flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char **file)
+{
+	if (!file || !*file || !prefix || is_absolute_path(*file)
+	    || !strcmp("-", *file))
+		return;
+	*file = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), *file));
+}
+
+static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
+		     const struct option *opt, int flags)
+{
+	const char *s, *arg;
+	const int unset = flags & OPT_UNSET;
+	int err;
+
+	if (unset && p->opt)
+		return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
+	if (unset && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
+		return opterror(opt, "isn't available", flags);
+
+	if (!(flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->opt) {
+		switch (opt->type) {
+		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
+			if (!(opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+				break;
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
+		case OPTION_BIT:
+		case OPTION_NEGBIT:
+		case OPTION_SET_INT:
+		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
+			return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch (opt->type) {
+	case OPTION_BIT:
+		if (unset)
+			*(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
+		else
+			*(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_NEGBIT:
+		if (unset)
+			*(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
+		else
+			*(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
+		*(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : *(int *)opt->value + 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_SET_INT:
+		*(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : opt->defval;
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_SET_PTR:
+		*(void **)opt->value = unset ? NULL : (void *)opt->defval;
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_STRING:
+		if (unset)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
+		else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
+		else
+			return get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
+		return 0;
+
+	case OPTION_FILENAME:
+		err = 0;
+		if (unset)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
+		else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
+		else
+			err = get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
+
+		if (!err)
+			fix_filename(p->prefix, (const char **)opt->value);
+		return err;
+
+	case OPTION_CALLBACK:
+		if (unset)
+			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 1) ? (-1) : 0;
+		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
+			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
+		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
+			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
+		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
+			return -1;
+		return (*opt->callback)(opt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
+
+	case OPTION_INTEGER:
+		if (unset) {
+			*(int *)opt->value = 0;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
+			*(int *)opt->value = opt->defval;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
+			return -1;
+		*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
+		if (*s)
+			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
+		return 0;
+
+	default:
+		die("should not happen, someone must be hit on the forehead");
+	}
+}
+
+static int parse_short_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *options)
+{
+	const struct option *numopt = NULL;
+
+	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
+		if (options->short_name == *p->opt) {
+			p->opt = p->opt[1] ? p->opt + 1 : NULL;
+			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Handle the numerical option later, explicit one-digit
+		 * options take precedence over it.
+		 */
+		if (options->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
+			numopt = options;
+	}
+	if (numopt && isdigit(*p->opt)) {
+		size_t len = 1;
+		char *arg;
+		int rc;
+
+		while (isdigit(p->opt[len]))
+			len++;
+		arg = xmemdupz(p->opt, len);
+		p->opt = p->opt[len] ? p->opt + len : NULL;
+		rc = (*numopt->callback)(numopt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
+		free(arg);
+		return rc;
+	}
+	return -2;
+}
+
+static int parse_long_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
+                          const struct option *options)
+{
+	const char *arg_end = strchr(arg, '=');
+	const struct option *abbrev_option = NULL, *ambiguous_option = NULL;
+	int abbrev_flags = 0, ambiguous_flags = 0;
+
+	if (!arg_end)
+		arg_end = arg + strlen(arg);
+
+	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
+		const char *rest;
+		int flags = 0;
+
+		if (!options->long_name)
+			continue;
+
+		rest = skip_prefix(arg, options->long_name);
+		if (options->type == OPTION_ARGUMENT) {
+			if (!rest)
+				continue;
+			if (*rest == '=')
+				return opterror(options, "takes no value", flags);
+			if (*rest)
+				continue;
+			p->out[p->cpidx++] = arg - 2;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (!rest) {
+			/* abbreviated? */
+			if (!strncmp(options->long_name, arg, arg_end - arg)) {
+is_abbreviated:
+				if (abbrev_option) {
+					/*
+					 * If this is abbreviated, it is
+					 * ambiguous. So when there is no
+					 * exact match later, we need to
+					 * error out.
+					 */
+					ambiguous_option = abbrev_option;
+					ambiguous_flags = abbrev_flags;
+				}
+				if (!(flags & OPT_UNSET) && *arg_end)
+					p->opt = arg_end + 1;
+				abbrev_option = options;
+				abbrev_flags = flags;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* negated and abbreviated very much? */
+			if (!prefixcmp("no-", arg)) {
+				flags |= OPT_UNSET;
+				goto is_abbreviated;
+			}
+			/* negated? */
+			if (strncmp(arg, "no-", 3))
+				continue;
+			flags |= OPT_UNSET;
+			rest = skip_prefix(arg + 3, options->long_name);
+			/* abbreviated and negated? */
+			if (!rest && !prefixcmp(options->long_name, arg + 3))
+				goto is_abbreviated;
+			if (!rest)
+				continue;
+		}
+		if (*rest) {
+			if (*rest != '=')
+				continue;
+			p->opt = rest + 1;
+		}
+		return get_value(p, options, flags);
+	}
+
+	if (ambiguous_option)
+		return error("Ambiguous option: %s "
+			"(could be --%s%s or --%s%s)",
+			arg,
+			(ambiguous_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
+			ambiguous_option->long_name,
+			(abbrev_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
+			abbrev_option->long_name);
+	if (abbrev_option)
+		return get_value(p, abbrev_option, abbrev_flags);
+	return -2;
+}
+
+static int parse_nodash_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
+			    const struct option *options)
+{
+	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
+		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH))
+			continue;
+		if ((options->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
+		    !(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+			die("BUG: dashless options don't support arguments");
+		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
+			die("BUG: dashless options don't support negation");
+		if (options->long_name)
+			die("BUG: dashless options can't be long");
+		if (options->short_name == arg[0] && arg[1] == '\0')
+			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
+	}
+	return -2;
+}
+
+static void check_typos(const char *arg, const struct option *options)
+{
+	if (strlen(arg) < 3)
+		return;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(arg, "no-")) {
+		error ("did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)", arg);
+		exit(129);
+	}
+
+	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
+		if (!options->long_name)
+			continue;
+		if (!prefixcmp(options->long_name, arg)) {
+			error ("did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)", arg);
+			exit(129);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void parse_options_check(const struct option *opts)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
+		if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT) &&
+		    (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)) {
+			if (opts->long_name) {
+				error("`--%s` uses incompatible flags "
+				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->long_name);
+			} else {
+				error("`-%c` uses incompatible flags "
+				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->short_name);
+			}
+			err |= 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (err)
+		exit(129);
+}
+
+void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			 int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			 int flags)
+{
+	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
+	ctx->argc = argc - 1;
+	ctx->argv = argv + 1;
+	ctx->out  = argv;
+	ctx->prefix = prefix;
+	ctx->cpidx = ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0) != 0);
+	ctx->flags = flags;
+	if ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN) &&
+	    (flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION))
+		die("STOP_AT_NON_OPTION and KEEP_UNKNOWN don't go together");
+}
+
+static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *,
+				       const struct option *, int);
+
+int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+		       const struct option *options,
+		       const char * const usagestr[])
+{
+	int internal_help = !(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+
+	parse_options_check(options);
+
+	/* we must reset ->opt, unknown short option leave it dangling */
+	ctx->opt = NULL;
+
+	for (; ctx->argc; ctx->argc--, ctx->argv++) {
+		const char *arg = ctx->argv[0];
+
+		if (*arg != '-' || !arg[1]) {
+			if (parse_nodash_opt(ctx, arg, options) == 0)
+				continue;
+			if (ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION)
+				break;
+			ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (arg[1] != '-') {
+			ctx->opt = arg + 1;
+			if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
+				return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+			switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
+			case -1:
+				return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+			case -2:
+				goto unknown;
+			}
+			if (ctx->opt)
+				check_typos(arg + 1, options);
+			while (ctx->opt) {
+				if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
+					return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+				switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
+				case -1:
+					return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+				case -2:
+					/* fake a short option thing to hide the fact that we may have
+					 * started to parse aggregated stuff
+					 *
+					 * This is leaky, too bad.
+					 */
+					ctx->argv[0] = xstrdup(ctx->opt - 1);
+					*(char *)ctx->argv[0] = '-';
+					goto unknown;
+				}
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!arg[2]) { /* "--" */
+			if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH)) {
+				ctx->argc--;
+				ctx->argv++;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help-all"))
+			return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 1);
+		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help"))
+			return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+		switch (parse_long_opt(ctx, arg + 2, options)) {
+		case -1:
+			return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
+		case -2:
+			goto unknown;
+		}
+		continue;
+unknown:
+		if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN))
+			return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+		ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
+		ctx->opt = NULL;
+	}
+	return PARSE_OPT_DONE;
+}
+
+int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	memmove(ctx->out + ctx->cpidx, ctx->argv, ctx->argc * sizeof(*ctx->out));
+	ctx->out[ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc] = NULL;
+	return ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc;
+}
+
+int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+		  const struct option *options, const char * const usagestr[],
+		  int flags)
+{
+	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
+
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, flags);
+	switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
+	case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+		exit(129);
+	case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
+		break;
+	default: /* PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN */
+		if (ctx.argv[0][1] == '-') {
+			error("unknown option `%s'", ctx.argv[0] + 2);
+		} else {
+			error("unknown switch `%c'", *ctx.opt);
+		}
+		usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
+	}
+
+	return parse_options_end(&ctx);
+}
+
+static int usage_argh(const struct option *opts)
+{
+	const char *s;
+	int literal = (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) || !opts->argh;
+	if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
+		if (opts->long_name)
+			s = literal ? "[=%s]" : "[=<%s>]";
+		else
+			s = literal ? "[%s]" : "[<%s>]";
+	else
+		s = literal ? " %s" : " <%s>";
+	return fprintf(stderr, s, opts->argh ? opts->argh : "...");
+}
+
+#define USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH 24
+#define USAGE_GAP         2
+
+static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *usagestr,
+				const struct option *opts, int full)
+{
+	if (!usagestr)
+		return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s\n", *usagestr++);
+	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
+		fprintf(stderr, "   or: %s\n", *usagestr++);
+	while (*usagestr) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n",
+				**usagestr ? "    " : "",
+				*usagestr);
+		usagestr++;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->type != OPTION_GROUP)
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+
+	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
+		size_t pos;
+		int pad;
+
+		if (opts->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
+			fputc('\n', stderr);
+			if (*opts->help)
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", opts->help);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!full && (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN))
+			continue;
+
+		pos = fprintf(stderr, "    ");
+		if (opts->short_name) {
+			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH)
+				pos += fprintf(stderr, "%c", opts->short_name);
+			else
+				pos += fprintf(stderr, "-%c", opts->short_name);
+		}
+		if (opts->long_name && opts->short_name)
+			pos += fprintf(stderr, ", ");
+		if (opts->long_name)
+			pos += fprintf(stderr, "--%s", opts->long_name);
+		if (opts->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
+			pos += fprintf(stderr, "-NUM");
+
+		if (!(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+			pos += usage_argh(opts);
+
+		if (pos <= USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH)
+			pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH - pos;
+		else {
+			fputc('\n', stderr);
+			pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH;
+		}
+		fprintf(stderr, "%*s%s\n", pad + USAGE_GAP, "", opts->help);
+	}
+	fputc('\n', stderr);
+
+	return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
+}
+
+void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
+			const struct option *opts)
+{
+	usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, opts, 0);
+	exit(129);
+}
+
+int parse_options_usage(const char * const *usagestr,
+			const struct option *opts)
+{
+	return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, opts, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*----- some often used options -----*/
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int v;
+
+	if (!arg) {
+		v = unset ? 0 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	} else {
+		v = strtol(arg, (char **)&arg, 10);
+		if (*arg)
+			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", 0);
+		if (v && v < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
+			v = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
+		else if (v > 40)
+			v = 40;
+	}
+	*(int *)(opt->value) = v;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			     int unset)
+{
+	*(unsigned long *)(opt->value) = approxidate(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			   int unset)
+{
+	int *target = opt->value;
+
+	if (unset)
+		/* --no-quiet, --no-verbose */
+		*target = 0;
+	else if (opt->short_name == 'v') {
+		if (*target >= 0)
+			(*target)++;
+		else
+			*target = 1;
+	} else {
+		if (*target <= 0)
+			(*target)--;
+		else
+			*target = -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		return error("malformed object name %s", arg);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		return error("no such commit %s", arg);
+	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aba30671dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#ifndef PARSE_OPTIONS_H
+#define PARSE_OPTIONS_H
+
+enum parse_opt_type {
+	/* special types */
+	OPTION_END,
+	OPTION_ARGUMENT,
+	OPTION_GROUP,
+	OPTION_NUMBER,
+	/* options with no arguments */
+	OPTION_BIT,
+	OPTION_NEGBIT,
+	OPTION_BOOLEAN, /* _INCR would have been a better name */
+	OPTION_SET_INT,
+	OPTION_SET_PTR,
+	/* options with arguments (usually) */
+	OPTION_STRING,
+	OPTION_INTEGER,
+	OPTION_CALLBACK,
+	OPTION_FILENAME
+};
+
+enum parse_opt_flags {
+	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH = 1,
+	PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION = 2,
+	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 = 4,
+	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN = 8,
+	PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP = 16,
+};
+
+enum parse_opt_option_flags {
+	PARSE_OPT_OPTARG  = 1,
+	PARSE_OPT_NOARG   = 2,
+	PARSE_OPT_NONEG   = 4,
+	PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN  = 8,
+	PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT = 16,
+	PARSE_OPT_NODASH = 32,
+	PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP = 64,
+};
+
+struct option;
+typedef int parse_opt_cb(const struct option *, const char *arg, int unset);
+
+/*
+ * `type`::
+ *   holds the type of the option, you must have an OPTION_END last in your
+ *   array.
+ *
+ * `short_name`::
+ *   the character to use as a short option name, '\0' if none.
+ *
+ * `long_name`::
+ *   the long option name, without the leading dashes, NULL if none.
+ *
+ * `value`::
+ *   stores pointers to the values to be filled.
+ *
+ * `argh`::
+ *   token to explain the kind of argument this option wants. Keep it
+ *   homogeneous across the repository.
+ *
+ * `help`::
+ *   the short help associated to what the option does.
+ *   Must never be NULL (except for OPTION_END).
+ *   OPTION_GROUP uses this pointer to store the group header.
+ *
+ * `flags`::
+ *   mask of parse_opt_option_flags.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_OPTARG: says that the argument is optional (not for BOOLEANs)
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NOARG: says that this option takes no argument
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NONEG: says that this option cannot be negated
+ *   PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN: this option is skipped in the default usage, and
+ *                     shown only in the full usage.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT: says that this option will take the default
+ *				value if no argument is given when the option
+ *				is last on the command line. If the option is
+ *				not last it will require an argument.
+ *				Should not be used with PARSE_OPT_OPTARG.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NODASH: this option doesn't start with a dash.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP: says that argh shouldn't be enclosed in brackets
+ *				(i.e. '<argh>') in the help message.
+ *				Useful for options with multiple parameters.
+ *
+ * `callback`::
+ *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK.
+ *
+ * `defval`::
+ *   default value to fill (*->value) with for PARSE_OPT_OPTARG.
+ *   OPTION_{BIT,SET_INT,SET_PTR} store the {mask,integer,pointer} to put in
+ *   the value when met.
+ *   CALLBACKS can use it like they want.
+ */
+struct option {
+	enum parse_opt_type type;
+	int short_name;
+	const char *long_name;
+	void *value;
+	const char *argh;
+	const char *help;
+
+	int flags;
+	parse_opt_cb *callback;
+	intptr_t defval;
+};
+
+#define OPT_END()                   { OPTION_END }
+#define OPT_ARGUMENT(l, h)          { OPTION_ARGUMENT, 0, (l), NULL, NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG}
+#define OPT_GROUP(h)                { OPTION_GROUP, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, (h) }
+#define OPT_BIT(s, l, v, h, b)      { OPTION_BIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), \
+				      PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_NEGBIT(s, l, v, h, b)   { OPTION_NEGBIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_BOOLEAN(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_BOOLEAN, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG }
+#define OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, i)  { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (i) }
+#define OPT_SET_PTR(s, l, v, h, p)  { OPTION_SET_PTR, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (p) }
+#define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), "n", (h) }
+#define OPT_STRING(s, l, v, a, h)   { OPTION_STRING,  (s), (l), (v), (a), (h) }
+#define OPT_DATE(s, l, v, h) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "time",(h), 0, \
+	  parse_opt_approxidate_cb }
+#define OPT_CALLBACK(s, l, v, a, h, f) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), (h), 0, (f) }
+#define OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(v, h, f) \
+	{ OPTION_NUMBER, 0, NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, (f) }
+#define OPT_FILENAME(s, l, v, h)    { OPTION_FILENAME, (s), (l), (v), \
+				       "FILE", (h) }
+
+/* parse_options() will filter out the processed options and leave the
+ * non-option arguments in argv[].
+ * Returns the number of arguments left in argv[].
+ */
+extern int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+                         const struct option *options,
+                         const char * const usagestr[], int flags);
+
+extern NORETURN void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
+                                        const struct option *options);
+
+/*----- incremental advanced APIs -----*/
+
+enum {
+	PARSE_OPT_HELP = -1,
+	PARSE_OPT_DONE,
+	PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN,
+};
+
+/*
+ * It's okay for the caller to consume argv/argc in the usual way.
+ * Other fields of that structure are private to parse-options and should not
+ * be modified in any way.
+ */
+struct parse_opt_ctx_t {
+	const char **argv;
+	const char **out;
+	int argc, cpidx;
+	const char *opt;
+	int flags;
+	const char *prefix;
+};
+
+extern int parse_options_usage(const char * const *usagestr,
+			       const struct option *opts);
+
+extern void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+				int flags);
+
+extern int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			      const struct option *options,
+			      const char * const usagestr[]);
+
+extern int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+
+/*----- some often used options -----*/
+extern int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+
+#define OPT__VERBOSE(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), "be verbose")
+#define OPT__QUIET(var)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), "be quiet")
+#define OPT__VERBOSITY(var) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'v', "verbose", (var), NULL, "be more verbose", \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }, \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'q', "quiet", (var), NULL, "be more quiet", \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }
+#define OPT__DRY_RUN(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", (var), "dry run")
+#define OPT__ABBREV(var)  \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "abbrev", (var), "n", \
+	  "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s", \
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_opt_abbrev_cb, 0 }
+
+#endif
diff --git a/patch-delta.c b/patch-delta.c
index ed9db81fa8..ef748ce96d 100644
--- a/patch-delta.c
+++ b/patch-delta.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void *patch_delta(const void *src_buf, unsigned long src_size,
 			if (cmd & 0x01) cp_off = *data++;
 			if (cmd & 0x02) cp_off |= (*data++ << 8);
 			if (cmd & 0x04) cp_off |= (*data++ << 16);
-			if (cmd & 0x08) cp_off |= (*data++ << 24);
+			if (cmd & 0x08) cp_off |= ((unsigned) *data++ << 24);
 			if (cmd & 0x10) cp_size = *data++;
 			if (cmd & 0x20) cp_size |= (*data++ << 8);
 			if (cmd & 0x40) cp_size |= (*data++ << 16);
diff --git a/patch-id.c b/patch-id.c
index 086d2d9c68..0df4cb086b 100644
--- a/patch-id.c
+++ b/patch-id.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, SHA_CTX *c)
+static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, git_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
 	unsigned char result[20];
 	char name[50];
@@ -8,10 +9,10 @@ static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, SHA_CTX *c)
 	if (!patchlen)
 		return;
 
-	SHA1_Final(result, c);
+	git_SHA1_Final(result, c);
 	memcpy(name, sha1_to_hex(id), 41);
 	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(result), name);
-	SHA1_Init(c);
+	git_SHA1_Init(c);
 }
 
 static int remove_space(char *line)
@@ -31,10 +32,10 @@ static void generate_id_list(void)
 {
 	static unsigned char sha1[20];
 	static char line[1000];
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	int patchlen = 0;
 
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
 		unsigned char n[20];
 		char *p = line;
@@ -67,18 +68,20 @@ static void generate_id_list(void)
 		/* Compute the sha without whitespace */
 		len = remove_space(line);
 		patchlen += len;
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, line, len);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, line, len);
 	}
 	flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, &ctx);
 }
 
-static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git-patch-id < patch";
+static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id < patch";
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(patch_id_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	generate_id_list();
 	return 0;
-}	
+}
diff --git a/patch-ids.c b/patch-ids.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5717257051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/patch-ids.c
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "patch-ids.h"
+
+static int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
+		    unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (commit->parents)
+		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->object.sha1,
+		               commit->object.sha1, "", options);
+	else
+		diff_root_tree_sha1(commit->object.sha1, "", options);
+	diffcore_std(options);
+	return diff_flush_patch_id(options, sha1);
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *patch_id_access(size_t index, void *table)
+{
+	struct patch_id **id_table = table;
+	return id_table[index]->patch_id;
+}
+
+static int patch_pos(struct patch_id **table, int nr, const unsigned char *id)
+{
+	return sha1_pos(id, table, nr, patch_id_access);
+}
+
+#define BUCKET_SIZE 190 /* 190 * 21 = 3990, with slop close enough to 4K */
+struct patch_id_bucket {
+	struct patch_id_bucket *next;
+	int nr;
+	struct patch_id bucket[BUCKET_SIZE];
+};
+
+int init_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *ids)
+{
+	memset(ids, 0, sizeof(*ids));
+	diff_setup(&ids->diffopts);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&ids->diffopts, RECURSIVE);
+	if (diff_setup_done(&ids->diffopts) < 0)
+		return error("diff_setup_done failed");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int free_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *ids)
+{
+	struct patch_id_bucket *next, *patches;
+
+	free(ids->table);
+	for (patches = ids->patches; patches; patches = next) {
+		next = patches->next;
+		free(patches);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct patch_id *add_commit(struct commit *commit,
+				   struct patch_ids *ids,
+				   int no_add)
+{
+	struct patch_id_bucket *bucket;
+	struct patch_id *ent;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int pos;
+
+	if (commit_patch_id(commit, &ids->diffopts, sha1))
+		return NULL;
+	pos = patch_pos(ids->table, ids->nr, sha1);
+	if (0 <= pos)
+		return ids->table[pos];
+	if (no_add)
+		return NULL;
+
+	pos = -1 - pos;
+
+	bucket = ids->patches;
+	if (!bucket || (BUCKET_SIZE <= bucket->nr)) {
+		bucket = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*bucket));
+		bucket->next = ids->patches;
+		ids->patches = bucket;
+	}
+	ent = &bucket->bucket[bucket->nr++];
+	hashcpy(ent->patch_id, sha1);
+
+	if (ids->alloc <= ids->nr) {
+		ids->alloc = alloc_nr(ids->nr);
+		ids->table = xrealloc(ids->table, sizeof(ent) * ids->alloc);
+	}
+	if (pos < ids->nr)
+		memmove(ids->table + pos + 1, ids->table + pos,
+			sizeof(ent) * (ids->nr - pos));
+	ids->nr++;
+	ids->table[pos] = ent;
+	return ids->table[pos];
+}
+
+struct patch_id *has_commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit,
+				     struct patch_ids *ids)
+{
+	return add_commit(commit, ids, 1);
+}
+
+struct patch_id *add_commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit,
+				     struct patch_ids *ids)
+{
+	return add_commit(commit, ids, 0);
+}
diff --git a/patch-ids.h b/patch-ids.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8c7ca110a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/patch-ids.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef PATCH_IDS_H
+#define PATCH_IDS_H
+
+struct patch_id {
+	unsigned char patch_id[20];
+	char seen;
+};
+
+struct patch_ids {
+	struct diff_options diffopts;
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct patch_id **table;
+	struct patch_id_bucket *patches;
+};
+
+int init_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *);
+int free_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *);
+struct patch_id *add_commit_patch_id(struct commit *, struct patch_ids *);
+struct patch_id *has_commit_patch_id(struct commit *, struct patch_ids *);
+
+#endif /* PATCH_IDS_H */
diff --git a/path-list.c b/path-list.c
deleted file mode 100644
index caaa5cc57b..0000000000
--- a/path-list.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
-
-/* if there is no exact match, point to the index where the entry could be
- * inserted */
-static int get_entry_index(const struct path_list *list, const char *path,
-		int *exact_match)
-{
-	int left = -1, right = list->nr;
-
-	while (left + 1 < right) {
-		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
-		int compare = strcmp(path, list->items[middle].path);
-		if (compare < 0)
-			right = middle;
-		else if (compare > 0)
-			left = middle;
-		else {
-			*exact_match = 1;
-			return middle;
-		}
-	}
-
-	*exact_match = 0;
-	return right;
-}
-
-/* returns -1-index if already exists */
-static int add_entry(struct path_list *list, const char *path)
-{
-	int exact_match;
-	int index = get_entry_index(list, path, &exact_match);
-
-	if (exact_match)
-		return -1 - index;
-
-	if (list->nr + 1 >= list->alloc) {
-		list->alloc += 32;
-		list->items = xrealloc(list->items, list->alloc
-				* sizeof(struct path_list_item));
-	}
-	if (index < list->nr)
-		memmove(list->items + index + 1, list->items + index,
-				(list->nr - index)
-				* sizeof(struct path_list_item));
-	list->items[index].path = list->strdup_paths ?
-		xstrdup(path) : (char *)path;
-	list->items[index].util = NULL;
-	list->nr++;
-
-	return index;
-}
-
-struct path_list_item *path_list_insert(const char *path, struct path_list *list)
-{
-	int index = add_entry(list, path);
-
-	if (index < 0)
-		index = -1 - index;
-
-	return list->items + index;
-}
-
-int path_list_has_path(const struct path_list *list, const char *path)
-{
-	int exact_match;
-	get_entry_index(list, path, &exact_match);
-	return exact_match;
-}
-
-struct path_list_item *path_list_lookup(const char *path, struct path_list *list)
-{
-	int exact_match, i = get_entry_index(list, path, &exact_match);
-	if (!exact_match)
-		return NULL;
-	return list->items + i;
-}
-
-void path_list_clear(struct path_list *list, int free_items)
-{
-	if (list->items) {
-		int i;
-		if (free_items)
-			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
-				if (list->strdup_paths)
-					free(list->items[i].path);
-				free(list->items[i].util);
-			}
-		free(list->items);
-	}
-	list->items = NULL;
-	list->nr = list->alloc = 0;
-}
-
-void print_path_list(const char *text, const struct path_list *p)
-{
-	int i;
-	if ( text )
-		printf("%s\n", text);
-	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++)
-		printf("%s:%p\n", p->items[i].path, p->items[i].util);
-}
-
diff --git a/path-list.h b/path-list.h
deleted file mode 100644
index d6401eaa35..0000000000
--- a/path-list.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef _PATH_LIST_H_
-#define _PATH_LIST_H_
-
-struct path_list_item {
-	char *path;
-	void *util;
-};
-struct path_list
-{
-	struct path_list_item *items;
-	unsigned int nr, alloc;
-	unsigned int strdup_paths:1;
-};
-
-void print_path_list(const char *text, const struct path_list *p);
-
-int path_list_has_path(const struct path_list *list, const char *path);
-void path_list_clear(struct path_list *list, int free_items);
-struct path_list_item *path_list_insert(const char *path, struct path_list *list);
-struct path_list_item *path_list_lookup(const char *path, struct path_list *list);
-
-#endif /* _PATH_LIST_H_ */
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index 6395cf2309..047fdb0a1f 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -32,6 +32,60 @@ static char *cleanup_path(char *path)
 	return path;
 }
 
+char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	unsigned len;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(buf, n, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	if (len >= n) {
+		strlcpy(buf, bad_path, n);
+		return buf;
+	}
+	return cleanup_path(buf);
+}
+
+static char *git_vsnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	size_t len;
+
+	len = strlen(git_dir);
+	if (n < len + 1)
+		goto bad;
+	memcpy(buf, git_dir, len);
+	if (len && !is_dir_sep(git_dir[len-1]))
+		buf[len++] = '/';
+	len += vsnprintf(buf + len, n - len, fmt, args);
+	if (len >= n)
+		goto bad;
+	return cleanup_path(buf);
+bad:
+	strlcpy(buf, bad_path, n);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+char *git_snpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	(void)git_vsnpath(buf, n, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	(void)git_vsnpath(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return xstrdup(path);
+}
+
 char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
@@ -71,31 +125,44 @@ char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
 /* git_mkstemp() - create tmp file honoring TMPDIR variable */
 int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t len, const char *template)
 {
-	char *env, *pch = path;
-
-	if ((env = getenv("TMPDIR")) == NULL) {
-		strcpy(pch, "/tmp/");
-		len -= 5;
-		pch += 5;
-	} else {
-		size_t n = snprintf(pch, len, "%s/", env);
-
-		len -= n;
-		pch += n;
+	const char *tmp;
+	size_t n;
+
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmp)
+		tmp = "/tmp";
+	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
+	if (len <= n) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
 	}
-
-	strlcpy(pch, template, len);
-
 	return mkstemp(path);
 }
 
+/* git_mkstemps() - create tmp file with suffix honoring TMPDIR variable. */
+int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t len, const char *template, int suffix_len)
+{
+	const char *tmp;
+	size_t n;
+
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmp)
+		tmp = "/tmp";
+	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
+	if (len <= n) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return mkstemps(path, suffix_len);
+}
 
 int validate_headref(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	char *buf, buffer[256];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int len, fd;
+	int fd;
+	ssize_t len;
 
 	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -252,7 +319,7 @@ char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict)
 
 	if (access("objects", X_OK) == 0 && access("refs", X_OK) == 0 &&
 	    validate_headref("HEAD") == 0) {
-		setenv("GIT_DIR", ".", 1);
+		setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
 		check_repository_format();
 		return path;
 	}
@@ -260,35 +327,240 @@ char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
+int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int mode;
+	int tweak, shared, orig_mode;
 
-	if (!shared_repository)
+	if (!shared_repository) {
+		if (mode)
+			return chmod(path, mode & ~S_IFMT);
 		return 0;
-	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	mode = st.st_mode;
-	if (mode & S_IRUSR)
-		mode |= (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP
-			 ? S_IRGRP
-			 : (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY
-			    ? (S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)
-			    : 0));
-
-	if (mode & S_IWUSR)
-		mode |= S_IWGRP;
-
+	}
+	if (!mode) {
+		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		mode = st.st_mode;
+		orig_mode = mode;
+	} else
+		orig_mode = 0;
+	if (shared_repository < 0)
+		shared = -shared_repository;
+	else
+		shared = shared_repository;
+	tweak = shared;
+
+	if (!(mode & S_IWUSR))
+		tweak &= ~0222;
 	if (mode & S_IXUSR)
-		mode |= (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP
-			 ? S_IXGRP
-			 : (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY
-			    ? (S_IXGRP|S_IXOTH)
-			    : 0));
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
-		mode |= S_ISGID;
-	if ((mode & st.st_mode) != mode && chmod(path, mode) < 0)
+		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
+		tweak |= (tweak & 0444) >> 2;
+	if (shared_repository < 0)
+		mode = (mode & ~0777) | tweak;
+	else
+		mode |= tweak;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
+		mode |= (shared & 0444) >> 2;
+		mode |= FORCE_DIR_SET_GID;
+	}
+
+	if (((shared_repository < 0
+	      ? (orig_mode & (FORCE_DIR_SET_GID | 0777))
+	      : (orig_mode & mode)) != mode) &&
+	    chmod(path, (mode & ~S_IFMT)) < 0)
 		return -2;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base)
+{
+	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	int baselen;
+	if (!base)
+		return abs;
+	baselen = strlen(base);
+	if (prefixcmp(abs, base))
+		return abs;
+	if (abs[baselen] == '/')
+		baselen++;
+	else if (base[baselen - 1] != '/')
+		return abs;
+	strcpy(buf, abs + baselen);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * It is okay if dst == src, but they should not overlap otherwise.
+ *
+ * Performs the following normalizations on src, storing the result in dst:
+ * - Ensures that components are separated by '/' (Windows only)
+ * - Squashes sequences of '/'.
+ * - Removes "." components.
+ * - Removes ".." components, and the components the precede them.
+ * Returns failure (non-zero) if a ".." component appears as first path
+ * component anytime during the normalization. Otherwise, returns success (0).
+ *
+ * Note that this function is purely textual.  It does not follow symlinks,
+ * verify the existence of the path, or make any system calls.
+ */
+int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src)
+{
+	char *dst0;
+
+	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(src)) {
+		*dst++ = *src++;
+		*dst++ = *src++;
+	}
+	dst0 = dst;
+
+	if (is_dir_sep(*src)) {
+		*dst++ = '/';
+		while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+			src++;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = *src;
+
+		/*
+		 * A path component that begins with . could be
+		 * special:
+		 * (1) "." and ends   -- ignore and terminate.
+		 * (2) "./"           -- ignore them, eat slash and continue.
+		 * (3) ".." and ends  -- strip one and terminate.
+		 * (4) "../"          -- strip one, eat slash and continue.
+		 */
+		if (c == '.') {
+			if (!src[1]) {
+				/* (1) */
+				src++;
+			} else if (is_dir_sep(src[1])) {
+				/* (2) */
+				src += 2;
+				while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+					src++;
+				continue;
+			} else if (src[1] == '.') {
+				if (!src[2]) {
+					/* (3) */
+					src += 2;
+					goto up_one;
+				} else if (is_dir_sep(src[2])) {
+					/* (4) */
+					src += 3;
+					while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+						src++;
+					goto up_one;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* copy up to the next '/', and eat all '/' */
+		while ((c = *src++) != '\0' && !is_dir_sep(c))
+			*dst++ = c;
+		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
+			*dst++ = '/';
+			while (is_dir_sep(c))
+				c = *src++;
+			src--;
+		} else if (!c)
+			break;
+		continue;
+
+	up_one:
+		/*
+		 * dst0..dst is prefix portion, and dst[-1] is '/';
+		 * go up one level.
+		 */
+		dst--;	/* go to trailing '/' */
+		if (dst <= dst0)
+			return -1;
+		/* Windows: dst[-1] cannot be backslash anymore */
+		while (dst0 < dst && dst[-1] != '/')
+			dst--;
+	}
+	*dst = '\0';
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * path = Canonical absolute path
+ * prefix_list = Colon-separated list of absolute paths
+ *
+ * Determines, for each path in prefix_list, whether the "prefix" really
+ * is an ancestor directory of path.  Returns the length of the longest
+ * ancestor directory, excluding any trailing slashes, or -1 if no prefix
+ * is an ancestor.  (Note that this means 0 is returned if prefix_list is
+ * "/".) "/foo" is not considered an ancestor of "/foobar".  Directories
+ * are not considered to be their own ancestors.  path must be in a
+ * canonical form: empty components, or "." or ".." components are not
+ * allowed.  prefix_list may be null, which is like "".
+ */
+int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list)
+{
+	char buf[PATH_MAX+1];
+	const char *ceil, *colon;
+	int len, max_len = -1;
+
+	if (prefix_list == NULL || !strcmp(path, "/"))
+		return -1;
+
+	for (colon = ceil = prefix_list; *colon; ceil = colon+1) {
+		for (colon = ceil; *colon && *colon != PATH_SEP; colon++);
+		len = colon - ceil;
+		if (len == 0 || len > PATH_MAX || !is_absolute_path(ceil))
+			continue;
+		strlcpy(buf, ceil, len+1);
+		if (normalize_path_copy(buf, buf) < 0)
+			continue;
+		len = strlen(buf);
+		if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '/')
+			buf[--len] = '\0';
+
+		if (!strncmp(path, buf, len) &&
+		    path[len] == '/' &&
+		    len > max_len) {
+			max_len = len;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return max_len;
+}
+
+/* strip arbitrary amount of directory separators at end of path */
+static inline int chomp_trailing_dir_sep(const char *path, int len)
+{
+	while (len && is_dir_sep(path[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+	return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If path ends with suffix (complete path components), returns the
+ * part before suffix (sans trailing directory separators).
+ * Otherwise returns NULL.
+ */
+char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix)
+{
+	int path_len = strlen(path), suffix_len = strlen(suffix);
+
+	while (suffix_len) {
+		if (!path_len)
+			return NULL;
+
+		if (is_dir_sep(path[path_len - 1])) {
+			if (!is_dir_sep(suffix[suffix_len - 1]))
+				return NULL;
+			path_len = chomp_trailing_dir_sep(path, path_len);
+			suffix_len = chomp_trailing_dir_sep(suffix, suffix_len);
+		}
+		else if (path[--path_len] != suffix[--suffix_len])
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (path_len && !is_dir_sep(path[path_len - 1]))
+		return NULL;
+	return xstrndup(path, chomp_trailing_dir_sep(path, path_len));
+}
diff --git a/peek-remote.c b/peek-remote.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 96bfac498b..0000000000
--- a/peek-remote.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "pkt-line.h"
-
-static const char peek_remote_usage[] =
-"git-peek-remote [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [<host>:]<directory>";
-static const char *uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
-
-static int peek_remote(int fd[2], unsigned flags)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, flags);
-	packet_flush(fd[1]);
-
-	while (ref) {
-		printf("%s	%s\n", sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
-		ref = ref->next;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	int i, ret;
-	char *dest = NULL;
-	int fd[2];
-	pid_t pid;
-	int nongit = 0;
-	unsigned flags = 0;
-
-	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 14;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 7;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--tags", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_TAGS;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--heads", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_HEADS;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--refs", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_NORMAL;
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(peek_remote_usage);
-		}
-		dest = arg;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	if (!dest || i != argc - 1)
-		usage(peek_remote_usage);
-
-	pid = git_connect(fd, dest, uploadpack);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return 1;
-	ret = peek_remote(fd, flags);
-	close(fd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
-	ret |= finish_connect(pid);
-	return !!ret;
-}
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index b5b1cf5edc..e8df55d2f2 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ $VERSION = '0.01';
   my $lastrev = $repo->command_oneline( [ 'rev-list', '--all' ],
                                         STDERR => 0 );
 
+  my $sha1 = $repo->hash_and_insert_object('file.txt');
+  my $tempfile = tempfile();
+  my $size = $repo->cat_blob($sha1, $tempfile);
+
 =cut
 
 
@@ -51,7 +55,10 @@ require Exporter;
 # Methods which can be called as standalone functions as well:
 @EXPORT_OK = qw(command command_oneline command_noisy
                 command_output_pipe command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
-                version exec_path hash_object git_cmd_try);
+                command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
+                version exec_path html_path hash_object git_cmd_try
+                remote_refs
+                temp_acquire temp_release temp_reset temp_path);
 
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
@@ -84,7 +91,7 @@ TODO: In the future, we might also do
 Currently, the module merely wraps calls to external Git tools. In the future,
 it will provide a much faster way to interact with Git by linking directly
 to libgit. This should be completely opaque to the user, though (performance
-increate nonwithstanding).
+increase notwithstanding).
 
 =cut
 
@@ -92,7 +99,8 @@ increate nonwithstanding).
 use Carp qw(carp croak); # but croak is bad - throw instead
 use Error qw(:try);
 use Cwd qw(abs_path);
-
+use IPC::Open2 qw(open2);
+use Fcntl qw(SEEK_SET SEEK_CUR);
 }
 
 
@@ -158,11 +166,12 @@ sub repository {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (not defined $opts{Repository} and not defined $opts{WorkingCopy}) {
-		$opts{Directory} ||= '.';
+	if (not defined $opts{Repository} and not defined $opts{WorkingCopy}
+		and not defined $opts{Directory}) {
+		$opts{Directory} = '.';
 	}
 
-	if ($opts{Directory}) {
+	if (defined $opts{Directory}) {
 		-d $opts{Directory} or throw Error::Simple("Directory not found: $!");
 
 		my $search = Git->repository(WorkingCopy => $opts{Directory});
@@ -176,7 +185,7 @@ sub repository {
 
 		if ($dir) {
 			$dir =~ m#^/# or $dir = $opts{Directory} . '/' . $dir;
-			$opts{Repository} = $dir;
+			$opts{Repository} = abs_path($dir);
 
 			# If --git-dir went ok, this shouldn't die either.
 			my $prefix = $search->command_oneline('rev-parse', '--show-prefix');
@@ -196,14 +205,14 @@ sub repository {
 
 			unless (-d "$dir/refs" and -d "$dir/objects" and -e "$dir/HEAD") {
 				# Mimick git-rev-parse --git-dir error message:
-				throw Error::Simple('fatal: Not a git repository');
+				throw Error::Simple("fatal: Not a git repository: $dir");
 			}
 			my $search = Git->repository(Repository => $dir);
 			try {
 				$search->command('symbolic-ref', 'HEAD');
 			} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 				# Mimick git-rev-parse --git-dir error message:
-				throw Error::Simple('fatal: Not a git repository');
+				throw Error::Simple("fatal: Not a git repository: $dir");
 			}
 
 			$opts{Repository} = abs_path($dir);
@@ -216,7 +225,6 @@ sub repository {
 	bless $self, $class;
 }
 
-
 =back
 
 =head1 METHODS
@@ -375,6 +383,61 @@ sub command_close_pipe {
 	_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
 }
 
+=item command_bidi_pipe ( COMMAND [, ARGUMENTS... ] )
+
+Execute the given C<COMMAND> in the same way as command_output_pipe()
+does but return both an input pipe filehandle and an output pipe filehandle.
+
+The function will return return C<($pid, $pipe_in, $pipe_out, $ctx)>.
+See C<command_close_bidi_pipe()> for details.
+
+=cut
+
+sub command_bidi_pipe {
+	my ($pid, $in, $out);
+	$pid = open2($in, $out, 'git', @_);
+	return ($pid, $in, $out, join(' ', @_));
+}
+
+=item command_close_bidi_pipe ( PID, PIPE_IN, PIPE_OUT [, CTX] )
+
+Close the C<PIPE_IN> and C<PIPE_OUT> as returned from C<command_bidi_pipe()>,
+checking whether the command finished successfully. The optional C<CTX>
+argument is required if you want to see the command name in the error message,
+and it is the fourth value returned by C<command_bidi_pipe()>.  The call idiom
+is:
+
+	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = $r->command_bidi_pipe('cat-file --batch-check');
+	print "000000000\n" $out;
+	while (<$in>) { ... }
+	$r->command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $in, $out, $ctx);
+
+Note that you should not rely on whatever actually is in C<CTX>;
+currently it is simply the command name but in future the context might
+have more complicated structure.
+
+=cut
+
+sub command_close_bidi_pipe {
+	local $?;
+	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = @_;
+	foreach my $fh ($in, $out) {
+		unless (close $fh) {
+			if ($!) {
+				carp "error closing pipe: $!";
+			} elsif ($? >> 8) {
+				throw Git::Error::Command($ctx, $? >>8);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	waitpid $pid, 0;
+
+	if ($? >> 8) {
+		throw Git::Error::Command($ctx, $? >>8);
+	}
+}
+
 
 =item command_noisy ( COMMAND [, ARGUMENTS... ] )
 
@@ -429,6 +492,16 @@ C<git --exec-path>). Useful mostly only internally.
 sub exec_path { command_oneline('--exec-path') }
 
 
+=item html_path ()
+
+Return path to the Git html documentation (the same as
+C<git --html-path>). Useful mostly only internally.
+
+=cut
+
+sub html_path { command_oneline('--html-path') }
+
+
 =item repo_path ()
 
 Return path to the git repository. Must be called on a repository instance.
@@ -487,28 +560,26 @@ does. In scalar context requires the variable to be set only one time
 (exception is thrown otherwise), in array context returns allows the
 variable to be set multiple times and returns all the values.
 
-Must be called on a repository instance.
-
 This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
 
 =cut
 
 sub config {
-	my ($self, $var) = @_;
-	$self->repo_path()
-		or throw Error::Simple("not a repository");
+	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
 
 	try {
+		my @cmd = ('config');
+		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
 		if (wantarray) {
-			return $self->command('config', '--get-all', $var);
+			return command(@cmd, '--get-all', $var);
 		} else {
-			return $self->command_oneline('config', '--get', $var);
+			return command_oneline(@cmd, '--get', $var);
 		}
 	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 		my $E = shift;
 		if ($E->value() == 1) {
 			# Key not found.
-			return undef;
+			return;
 		} else {
 			throw $E;
 		}
@@ -516,24 +587,55 @@ sub config {
 }
 
 
-=item config_boolean ( VARIABLE )
+=item config_bool ( VARIABLE )
+
+Retrieve the bool configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
+is usable as a boolean in perl (and C<undef> if it's not defined,
+of course).
+
+This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
+
+=cut
+
+sub config_bool {
+	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
+
+	try {
+		my @cmd = ('config', '--bool', '--get', $var);
+		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
+		my $val = command_oneline(@cmd);
+		return undef unless defined $val;
+		return $val eq 'true';
+	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
+		my $E = shift;
+		if ($E->value() == 1) {
+			# Key not found.
+			return undef;
+		} else {
+			throw $E;
+		}
+	};
+}
 
-Retrieve the boolean configuration C<VARIABLE>.
+=item config_int ( VARIABLE )
 
-Must be called on a repository instance.
+Retrieve the integer configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
+is simple decimal number.  An optional value suffix of 'k', 'm',
+or 'g' in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
+by 1024, 1048576 (1024^2), or 1073741824 (1024^3) prior to output.
+It would return C<undef> if configuration variable is not defined,
 
 This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
 
 =cut
 
-sub config_boolean {
-	my ($self, $var) = @_;
-	$self->repo_path()
-		or throw Error::Simple("not a repository");
+sub config_int {
+	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
 
 	try {
-		return $self->command_oneline('config', '--bool', '--get',
-					      $var);
+		my @cmd = ('config', '--int', '--get', $var);
+		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
+		return command_oneline(@cmd);
 	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 		my $E = shift;
 		if ($E->value() == 1) {
@@ -545,6 +647,93 @@ sub config_boolean {
 	};
 }
 
+=item get_colorbool ( NAME )
+
+Finds if color should be used for NAMEd operation from the configuration,
+and returns boolean (true for "use color", false for "do not use color").
+
+=cut
+
+sub get_colorbool {
+	my ($self, $var) = @_;
+	my $stdout_to_tty = (-t STDOUT) ? "true" : "false";
+	my $use_color = $self->command_oneline('config', '--get-colorbool',
+					       $var, $stdout_to_tty);
+	return ($use_color eq 'true');
+}
+
+=item get_color ( SLOT, COLOR )
+
+Finds color for SLOT from the configuration, while defaulting to COLOR,
+and returns the ANSI color escape sequence:
+
+	print $repo->get_color("color.interactive.prompt", "underline blue white");
+	print "some text";
+	print $repo->get_color("", "normal");
+
+=cut
+
+sub get_color {
+	my ($self, $slot, $default) = @_;
+	my $color = $self->command_oneline('config', '--get-color', $slot, $default);
+	if (!defined $color) {
+		$color = "";
+	}
+	return $color;
+}
+
+=item remote_refs ( REPOSITORY [, GROUPS [, REFGLOBS ] ] )
+
+This function returns a hashref of refs stored in a given remote repository.
+The hash is in the format C<refname =\> hash>. For tags, the C<refname> entry
+contains the tag object while a C<refname^{}> entry gives the tagged objects.
+
+C<REPOSITORY> has the same meaning as the appropriate C<git-ls-remote>
+argument; either an URL or a remote name (if called on a repository instance).
+C<GROUPS> is an optional arrayref that can contain 'tags' to return all the
+tags and/or 'heads' to return all the heads. C<REFGLOB> is an optional array
+of strings containing a shell-like glob to further limit the refs returned in
+the hash; the meaning is again the same as the appropriate C<git-ls-remote>
+argument.
+
+This function may or may not be called on a repository instance. In the former
+case, remote names as defined in the repository are recognized as repository
+specifiers.
+
+=cut
+
+sub remote_refs {
+	my ($self, $repo, $groups, $refglobs) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	my @args;
+	if (ref $groups eq 'ARRAY') {
+		foreach (@$groups) {
+			if ($_ eq 'heads') {
+				push (@args, '--heads');
+			} elsif ($_ eq 'tags') {
+				push (@args, '--tags');
+			} else {
+				# Ignore unknown groups for future
+				# compatibility
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	push (@args, $repo);
+	if (ref $refglobs eq 'ARRAY') {
+		push (@args, @$refglobs);
+	}
+
+	my @self = $self ? ($self) : (); # Ultra trickery
+	my ($fh, $ctx) = Git::command_output_pipe(@self, 'ls-remote', @args);
+	my %refs;
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp;
+		my ($hash, $ref) = split(/\t/, $_, 2);
+		$refs{$ref} = $hash;
+	}
+	Git::command_close_pipe(@self, $fh, $ctx);
+	return \%refs;
+}
+
 
 =item ident ( TYPE | IDENTSTR )
 
@@ -554,7 +743,7 @@ This suite of functions retrieves and parses ident information, as stored
 in the commit and tag objects or produced by C<var GIT_type_IDENT> (thus
 C<TYPE> can be either I<author> or I<committer>; case is insignificant).
 
-The C<ident> method retrieves the ident information from C<git-var>
+The C<ident> method retrieves the ident information from C<git var>
 and either returns it as a scalar string or as an array with the fields parsed.
 Alternatively, it can take a prepared ident string (e.g. from the commit
 object) and just parse it.
@@ -569,15 +758,15 @@ The synopsis is like:
 	"$name <$email>" eq ident_person($name);
 	$time_tz =~ /^\d+ [+-]\d{4}$/;
 
-Both methods must be called on a repository instance.
-
 =cut
 
 sub ident {
-	my ($self, $type) = @_;
+	my ($self, $type) = _maybe_self(@_);
 	my $identstr;
 	if (lc $type eq lc 'committer' or lc $type eq lc 'author') {
-		$identstr = $self->command_oneline('var', 'GIT_'.uc($type).'_IDENT');
+		my @cmd = ('var', 'GIT_'.uc($type).'_IDENT');
+		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
+		$identstr = command_oneline(@cmd);
 	} else {
 		$identstr = $type;
 	}
@@ -589,17 +778,16 @@ sub ident {
 }
 
 sub ident_person {
-	my ($self, @ident) = @_;
-	$#ident == 0 and @ident = $self->ident($ident[0]);
+	my ($self, @ident) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	$#ident == 0 and @ident = $self ? $self->ident($ident[0]) : ident($ident[0]);
 	return "$ident[0] <$ident[1]>";
 }
 
 
 =item hash_object ( TYPE, FILENAME )
 
-Compute the SHA1 object id of the given C<FILENAME> (or data waiting in
-C<FILEHANDLE>) considering it is of the C<TYPE> object type (C<blob>,
-C<commit>, C<tree>).
+Compute the SHA1 object id of the given C<FILENAME> considering it is
+of the C<TYPE> object type (C<blob>, C<commit>, C<tree>).
 
 The method can be called without any instance or on a specified Git repository,
 it makes zero difference.
@@ -615,6 +803,295 @@ sub hash_object {
 }
 
 
+=item hash_and_insert_object ( FILENAME )
+
+Compute the SHA1 object id of the given C<FILENAME> and add the object to the
+object database.
+
+The function returns the SHA1 hash.
+
+=cut
+
+# TODO: Support for passing FILEHANDLE instead of FILENAME
+sub hash_and_insert_object {
+	my ($self, $filename) = @_;
+
+	carp "Bad filename \"$filename\"" if $filename =~ /[\r\n]/;
+
+	$self->_open_hash_and_insert_object_if_needed();
+	my ($in, $out) = ($self->{hash_object_in}, $self->{hash_object_out});
+
+	unless (print $out $filename, "\n") {
+		$self->_close_hash_and_insert_object();
+		throw Error::Simple("out pipe went bad");
+	}
+
+	chomp(my $hash = <$in>);
+	unless (defined($hash)) {
+		$self->_close_hash_and_insert_object();
+		throw Error::Simple("in pipe went bad");
+	}
+
+	return $hash;
+}
+
+sub _open_hash_and_insert_object_if_needed {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+
+	return if defined($self->{hash_object_pid});
+
+	($self->{hash_object_pid}, $self->{hash_object_in},
+	 $self->{hash_object_out}, $self->{hash_object_ctx}) =
+		command_bidi_pipe(qw(hash-object -w --stdin-paths));
+}
+
+sub _close_hash_and_insert_object {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+
+	return unless defined($self->{hash_object_pid});
+
+	my @vars = map { 'hash_object_' . $_ } qw(pid in out ctx);
+
+	command_close_bidi_pipe(@$self{@vars});
+	delete @$self{@vars};
+}
+
+=item cat_blob ( SHA1, FILEHANDLE )
+
+Prints the contents of the blob identified by C<SHA1> to C<FILEHANDLE> and
+returns the number of bytes printed.
+
+=cut
+
+sub cat_blob {
+	my ($self, $sha1, $fh) = @_;
+
+	$self->_open_cat_blob_if_needed();
+	my ($in, $out) = ($self->{cat_blob_in}, $self->{cat_blob_out});
+
+	unless (print $out $sha1, "\n") {
+		$self->_close_cat_blob();
+		throw Error::Simple("out pipe went bad");
+	}
+
+	my $description = <$in>;
+	if ($description =~ / missing$/) {
+		carp "$sha1 doesn't exist in the repository";
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if ($description !~ /^[0-9a-fA-F]{40} \S+ (\d+)$/) {
+		carp "Unexpected result returned from git cat-file";
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	my $size = $1;
+
+	my $blob;
+	my $bytesRead = 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		my $bytesLeft = $size - $bytesRead;
+		last unless $bytesLeft;
+
+		my $bytesToRead = $bytesLeft < 1024 ? $bytesLeft : 1024;
+		my $read = read($in, $blob, $bytesToRead, $bytesRead);
+		unless (defined($read)) {
+			$self->_close_cat_blob();
+			throw Error::Simple("in pipe went bad");
+		}
+
+		$bytesRead += $read;
+	}
+
+	# Skip past the trailing newline.
+	my $newline;
+	my $read = read($in, $newline, 1);
+	unless (defined($read)) {
+		$self->_close_cat_blob();
+		throw Error::Simple("in pipe went bad");
+	}
+	unless ($read == 1 && $newline eq "\n") {
+		$self->_close_cat_blob();
+		throw Error::Simple("didn't find newline after blob");
+	}
+
+	unless (print $fh $blob) {
+		$self->_close_cat_blob();
+		throw Error::Simple("couldn't write to passed in filehandle");
+	}
+
+	return $size;
+}
+
+sub _open_cat_blob_if_needed {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+
+	return if defined($self->{cat_blob_pid});
+
+	($self->{cat_blob_pid}, $self->{cat_blob_in},
+	 $self->{cat_blob_out}, $self->{cat_blob_ctx}) =
+		command_bidi_pipe(qw(cat-file --batch));
+}
+
+sub _close_cat_blob {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+
+	return unless defined($self->{cat_blob_pid});
+
+	my @vars = map { 'cat_blob_' . $_ } qw(pid in out ctx);
+
+	command_close_bidi_pipe(@$self{@vars});
+	delete @$self{@vars};
+}
+
+
+{ # %TEMP_* Lexical Context
+
+my (%TEMP_FILEMAP, %TEMP_FILES);
+
+=item temp_acquire ( NAME )
+
+Attempts to retreive the temporary file mapped to the string C<NAME>. If an
+associated temp file has not been created this session or was closed, it is
+created, cached, and set for autoflush and binmode.
+
+Internally locks the file mapped to C<NAME>. This lock must be released with
+C<temp_release()> when the temp file is no longer needed. Subsequent attempts
+to retrieve temporary files mapped to the same C<NAME> while still locked will
+cause an error. This locking mechanism provides a weak guarantee and is not
+threadsafe. It does provide some error checking to help prevent temp file refs
+writing over one another.
+
+In general, the L<File::Handle> returned should not be closed by consumers as
+it defeats the purpose of this caching mechanism. If you need to close the temp
+file handle, then you should use L<File::Temp> or another temp file faculty
+directly. If a handle is closed and then requested again, then a warning will
+issue.
+
+=cut
+
+sub temp_acquire {
+	my $temp_fd = _temp_cache(@_);
+
+	$TEMP_FILES{$temp_fd}{locked} = 1;
+	$temp_fd;
+}
+
+=item temp_release ( NAME )
+
+=item temp_release ( FILEHANDLE )
+
+Releases a lock acquired through C<temp_acquire()>. Can be called either with
+the C<NAME> mapping used when acquiring the temp file or with the C<FILEHANDLE>
+referencing a locked temp file.
+
+Warns if an attempt is made to release a file that is not locked.
+
+The temp file will be truncated before being released. This can help to reduce
+disk I/O where the system is smart enough to detect the truncation while data
+is in the output buffers. Beware that after the temp file is released and
+truncated, any operations on that file may fail miserably until it is
+re-acquired. All contents are lost between each release and acquire mapped to
+the same string.
+
+=cut
+
+sub temp_release {
+	my ($self, $temp_fd, $trunc) = _maybe_self(@_);
+
+	if (exists $TEMP_FILEMAP{$temp_fd}) {
+		$temp_fd = $TEMP_FILES{$temp_fd};
+	}
+	unless ($TEMP_FILES{$temp_fd}{locked}) {
+		carp "Attempt to release temp file '",
+			$temp_fd, "' that has not been locked";
+	}
+	temp_reset($temp_fd) if $trunc and $temp_fd->opened;
+
+	$TEMP_FILES{$temp_fd}{locked} = 0;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub _temp_cache {
+	my ($self, $name) = _maybe_self(@_);
+
+	_verify_require();
+
+	my $temp_fd = \$TEMP_FILEMAP{$name};
+	if (defined $$temp_fd and $$temp_fd->opened) {
+		if ($TEMP_FILES{$$temp_fd}{locked}) {
+			throw Error::Simple("Temp file with moniker '" .
+				$name . "' already in use");
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (defined $$temp_fd) {
+			# then we're here because of a closed handle.
+			carp "Temp file '", $name,
+				"' was closed. Opening replacement.";
+		}
+		my $fname;
+
+		my $tmpdir;
+		if (defined $self) {
+			$tmpdir = $self->repo_path();
+		}
+
+		($$temp_fd, $fname) = File::Temp->tempfile(
+			'Git_XXXXXX', UNLINK => 1, DIR => $tmpdir,
+			) or throw Error::Simple("couldn't open new temp file");
+
+		$$temp_fd->autoflush;
+		binmode $$temp_fd;
+		$TEMP_FILES{$$temp_fd}{fname} = $fname;
+	}
+	$$temp_fd;
+}
+
+sub _verify_require {
+	eval { require File::Temp; require File::Spec; };
+	$@ and throw Error::Simple($@);
+}
+
+=item temp_reset ( FILEHANDLE )
+
+Truncates and resets the position of the C<FILEHANDLE>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub temp_reset {
+	my ($self, $temp_fd) = _maybe_self(@_);
+
+	truncate $temp_fd, 0
+		or throw Error::Simple("couldn't truncate file");
+	sysseek($temp_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) and seek($temp_fd, 0, SEEK_SET)
+		or throw Error::Simple("couldn't seek to beginning of file");
+	sysseek($temp_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) == 0 and tell($temp_fd) == 0
+		or throw Error::Simple("expected file position to be reset");
+}
+
+=item temp_path ( NAME )
+
+=item temp_path ( FILEHANDLE )
+
+Returns the filename associated with the given tempfile.
+
+=cut
+
+sub temp_path {
+	my ($self, $temp_fd) = _maybe_self(@_);
+
+	if (exists $TEMP_FILEMAP{$temp_fd}) {
+		$temp_fd = $TEMP_FILEMAP{$temp_fd};
+	}
+	$TEMP_FILES{$temp_fd}{fname};
+}
+
+sub END {
+	unlink values %TEMP_FILEMAP if %TEMP_FILEMAP;
+}
+
+} # %TEMP_* Lexical Context
 
 =back
 
@@ -742,8 +1219,7 @@ either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
 # the method was called upon an instance and (undef, @args) if
 # it was called directly.
 sub _maybe_self {
-	# This breaks inheritance. Oh well.
-	ref $_[0] eq 'Git' ? @_ : (undef, @_);
+	UNIVERSAL::isa($_[0], 'Git') ? @_ : (undef, @_);
 }
 
 # Check if the command id is something reasonable.
@@ -804,11 +1280,13 @@ sub _cmd_exec {
 	my ($self, @args) = @_;
 	if ($self) {
 		$self->repo_path() and $ENV{'GIT_DIR'} = $self->repo_path();
+		$self->repo_path() and $self->wc_path()
+			and $ENV{'GIT_WORK_TREE'} = $self->wc_path();
 		$self->wc_path() and chdir($self->wc_path());
 		$self->wc_subdir() and chdir($self->wc_subdir());
 	}
 	_execv_git_cmd(@args);
-	die "exec failed: $!";
+	die qq[exec "@args" failed: $!];
 }
 
 # Execute the given Git command ($_[0]) with arguments ($_[1..])
@@ -832,7 +1310,11 @@ sub _cmd_close {
 }
 
 
-sub DESTROY { }
+sub DESTROY {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	$self->_close_hash_and_insert_object();
+	$self->_close_cat_blob();
+}
 
 
 # Pipe implementation for ActiveState Perl.
@@ -856,7 +1338,13 @@ sub READLINE {
 	if ($self->{i} >= scalar @{$self->{data}}) {
 		return undef;
 	}
-	return $self->{'data'}->[ $self->{i}++ ];
+	my $i = $self->{i};
+	if (wantarray) {
+		$self->{i} = $#{$self->{'data'}} + 1;
+		return splice(@{$self->{'data'}}, $i);
+	}
+	$self->{i} = $i + 1;
+	return $self->{'data'}->[ $i ];
 }
 
 sub CLOSE {
diff --git a/perl/Makefile b/perl/Makefile
index 17d004e5a0..e3dd1a5547 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile
+++ b/perl/Makefile
@@ -22,22 +22,26 @@ clean:
 ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix)/lib)
 $(makfile): ../GIT-CFLAGS Makefile
-	echo all: > $@
-	echo '	:' >> $@
+	echo all: private-Error.pm Git.pm > $@
+	echo '	mkdir -p blib/lib' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/Git.pm; cp Git.pm blib/lib/' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
+	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
+	echo '	cp private-Error.pm blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
 	echo install: >> $@
-	echo '	mkdir -p $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) $(instdir_SQ)/Git.pm; cp Git.pm $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) $(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm; \
-	cp private-Error.pm $(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm' >> $@
+	echo '	mkdir -p "$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) "$(instdir_SQ)/Git.pm"; cp Git.pm "$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) "$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
+	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
+	echo '	cp private-Error.pm "$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
 	echo instlibdir: >> $@
 	echo '	echo $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
 else
 $(makfile): Makefile.PL ../GIT-CFLAGS
-	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' $< PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)'
+	$(PERL_PATH) $< PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)'
 endif
 
 # this is just added comfort for calling make directly in perl dir
 # (even though GIT-CFLAGS aren't used yet. If ever)
 ../GIT-CFLAGS:
 	$(MAKE) -C .. GIT-CFLAGS
-
diff --git a/perl/Makefile.PL b/perl/Makefile.PL
index 9b117fd0d7..320253eb8e 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile.PL
+++ b/perl/Makefile.PL
@@ -13,13 +13,10 @@ my %pm = ('Git.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/Git.pm');
 # We come with our own bundled Error.pm. It's not in the set of default
 # Perl modules so install it if it's not available on the system yet.
 eval { require Error };
-if ($@) {
+if ($@ || $Error::VERSION < 0.15009) {
 	$pm{'private-Error.pm'} = '$(INST_LIBDIR)/Error.pm';
 }
 
-my %extra;
-$extra{DESTDIR} = $ENV{DESTDIR} if $ENV{DESTDIR};
-
 # redirect stdout, otherwise the message "Writing perl.mak for Git"
 # disrupts the output for the target 'instlibdir'
 open STDOUT, ">&STDERR";
@@ -29,5 +26,5 @@ WriteMakefile(
 	VERSION_FROM    => 'Git.pm',
 	PM		=> \%pm,
 	MAKEFILE	=> 'perl.mak',
-	%extra
+	INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR => '$(SITEPREFIX)/share/man/man3'
 );
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index b4cb7e2756..b691abebd7 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * Write a packetized stream, where each line is preceded by
  * its length (including the header) as a 4-byte hex number.
  * A length of 'zero' means end of stream (and a length of 1-3
- * would be an error). 
+ * would be an error).
  *
  * This is all pretty stupid, but we use this packetized line
  * format to make a streaming format possible without ever
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ ssize_t safe_write(int fd, const void *buf, ssize_t n)
 		}
 		if (!ret)
 			die("write error (disk full?)");
-		die("write error (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 	return nn;
 }
@@ -65,16 +65,11 @@ void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 
 static void safe_read(int fd, void *buffer, unsigned size)
 {
-	int n = 0;
-
-	while (n < size) {
-		int ret = xread(fd, (char *) buffer + n, size - n);
-		if (ret < 0)
-			die("read error (%s)", strerror(errno));
-		if (!ret)
-			die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
-		n += ret;
-	}
+	ssize_t ret = read_in_full(fd, buffer, size);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		die_errno("read error");
+	else if (ret < size)
+		die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
 }
 
 int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
diff --git a/ppc/sha1.c b/ppc/sha1.c
index 0820398b00..ec6a1926d4 100644
--- a/ppc/sha1.c
+++ b/ppc/sha1.c
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include "sha1.h"
 
-extern void sha1_core(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *p,
-		      unsigned int nblocks);
+extern void ppc_sha1_core(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *p,
+			  unsigned int nblocks);
 
-int SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c)
+int ppc_SHA1_Init(ppc_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
 	c->hash[0] = 0x67452301;
 	c->hash[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ int SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *ptr, unsigned long n)
+int ppc_SHA1_Update(ppc_SHA_CTX *c, const void *ptr, unsigned long n)
 {
 	unsigned long nb;
 	const unsigned char *p = ptr;
@@ -38,21 +38,21 @@ int SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *ptr, unsigned long n)
 				nb = n;
 			memcpy(&c->buf.b[c->cnt], p, nb);
 			if ((c->cnt += nb) == 64) {
-				sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
+				ppc_sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
 				c->cnt = 0;
 			}
 		} else {
 			nb = n >> 6;
-			sha1_core(c->hash, p, nb);
+			ppc_sha1_core(c->hash, p, nb);
 			nb <<= 6;
 		}
 		n -= nb;
 		p += nb;
 	}
 	return 0;
-}	
+}
 
-int SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c)
+int ppc_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, ppc_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
 	unsigned int cnt = c->cnt;
 
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ int SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c)
 	if (cnt > 56) {
 		if (cnt < 64)
 			memset(&c->buf.b[cnt], 0, 64 - cnt);
-		sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
+		ppc_sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
 		cnt = 0;
 	}
 	if (cnt < 56)
 		memset(&c->buf.b[cnt], 0, 56 - cnt);
 	c->buf.l[7] = c->len;
-	sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
+	ppc_sha1_core(c->hash, c->buf.b, 1);
 	memcpy(hash, c->hash, 20);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/ppc/sha1.h b/ppc/sha1.h
index c3c51aa4d4..c405f734c2 100644
--- a/ppc/sha1.h
+++ b/ppc/sha1.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  */
 #include <stdint.h>
 
-typedef struct sha_context {
+typedef struct {
 	uint32_t hash[5];
 	uint32_t cnt;
 	uint64_t len;
@@ -13,8 +13,13 @@ typedef struct sha_context {
 		unsigned char b[64];
 		uint64_t l[8];
 	} buf;
-} SHA_CTX;
+} ppc_SHA_CTX;
 
-int SHA1_Init(SHA_CTX *c);
-int SHA1_Update(SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
-int SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, SHA_CTX *c);
+int ppc_SHA1_Init(ppc_SHA_CTX *c);
+int ppc_SHA1_Update(ppc_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
+int ppc_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, ppc_SHA_CTX *c);
+
+#define git_SHA_CTX	ppc_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init	ppc_SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update	ppc_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final	ppc_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/ppc/sha1ppc.S b/ppc/sha1ppc.S
index f132696ee7..1711eef6e7 100644
--- a/ppc/sha1ppc.S
+++ b/ppc/sha1ppc.S
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ add RE(t),RE(t),%r0;  rotlwi RB(t),RB(t),30
 	STEPUP4(fn, (t)+12, (s)+12,);	\
 	STEPUP4(fn, (t)+16, (s)+16, loadk)
 
-	.globl	sha1_core
-sha1_core:
+	.globl	ppc_sha1_core
+ppc_sha1_core:
 	stwu	%r1,-80(%r1)
 	stmw	%r13,4(%r1)
 
diff --git a/preload-index.c b/preload-index.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92899333c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/preload-index.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Linus Torvalds
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+static void preload_index(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	; /* nothing */
+}
+#else
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+/*
+ * Mostly randomly chosen maximum thread counts: we
+ * cap the parallelism to 20 threads, and we want
+ * to have at least 500 lstat's per thread for it to
+ * be worth starting a thread.
+ */
+#define MAX_PARALLEL (20)
+#define THREAD_COST (500)
+
+struct thread_data {
+	pthread_t pthread;
+	struct index_state *index;
+	const char **pathspec;
+	int offset, nr;
+};
+
+static void *preload_thread(void *_data)
+{
+	int nr;
+	struct thread_data *p = _data;
+	struct index_state *index = p->index;
+	struct cache_entry **cep = index->cache + p->offset;
+	struct cache_def cache;
+
+	memset(&cache, 0, sizeof(cache));
+	nr = p->nr;
+	if (nr + p->offset > index->cache_nr)
+		nr = index->cache_nr - p->offset;
+
+	do {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = *cep++;
+		struct stat st;
+
+		if (ce_stage(ce))
+			continue;
+		if (ce_uptodate(ce))
+			continue;
+		if (!ce_path_match(ce, p->pathspec))
+			continue;
+		if (threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&cache, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+			continue;
+		if (lstat(ce->name, &st))
+			continue;
+		if (ie_match_stat(index, ce, &st, CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY))
+			continue;
+		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+	} while (--nr > 0);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void preload_index(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	int threads, i, work, offset;
+	struct thread_data data[MAX_PARALLEL];
+
+	if (!core_preload_index)
+		return;
+
+	threads = index->cache_nr / THREAD_COST;
+	if (threads < 2)
+		return;
+	if (threads > MAX_PARALLEL)
+		threads = MAX_PARALLEL;
+	offset = 0;
+	work = DIV_ROUND_UP(index->cache_nr, threads);
+	for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
+		struct thread_data *p = data+i;
+		p->index = index;
+		p->pathspec = pathspec;
+		p->offset = offset;
+		p->nr = work;
+		offset += work;
+		if (pthread_create(&p->pthread, NULL, preload_thread, p))
+			die("unable to create threaded lstat");
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
+		struct thread_data *p = data+i;
+		if (pthread_join(p->pthread, NULL))
+			die("unable to join threaded lstat");
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+int read_index_preload(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	int retval = read_index(index);
+
+	preload_index(index, pathspec);
+	return retval;
+}
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5328dab5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -0,0 +1,967 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "color.h"
+
+static char *user_format;
+
+static void save_user_format(struct rev_info *rev, const char *cp, int is_tformat)
+{
+	free(user_format);
+	user_format = xstrdup(cp);
+	if (is_tformat)
+		rev->use_terminator = 1;
+	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
+}
+
+void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	int i;
+	static struct cmt_fmt_map {
+		const char *n;
+		size_t cmp_len;
+		enum cmit_fmt v;
+	} cmt_fmts[] = {
+		{ "raw",	1,	CMIT_FMT_RAW },
+		{ "medium",	1,	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM },
+		{ "short",	1,	CMIT_FMT_SHORT },
+		{ "email",	1,	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL },
+		{ "full",	5,	CMIT_FMT_FULL },
+		{ "fuller",	5,	CMIT_FMT_FULLER },
+		{ "oneline",	1,	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE },
+	};
+
+	rev->use_terminator = 0;
+	if (!arg || !*arg) {
+		rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(arg, "format:") || !prefixcmp(arg, "tformat:")) {
+		save_user_format(rev, strchr(arg, ':') + 1, arg[0] == 't');
+		return;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cmt_fmts); i++) {
+		if (!strncmp(arg, cmt_fmts[i].n, cmt_fmts[i].cmp_len) &&
+		    !strncmp(arg, cmt_fmts[i].n, strlen(arg))) {
+			if (cmt_fmts[i].v == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+				rev->use_terminator = 1;
+			rev->commit_format = cmt_fmts[i].v;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	if (strchr(arg, '%')) {
+		save_user_format(rev, arg, 1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	die("invalid --pretty format: %s", arg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generic support for pretty-printing the header
+ */
+static int get_one_line(const char *msg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = *msg++;
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+		ret++;
+		if (c == '\n')
+			break;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* High bit set, or ISO-2022-INT */
+int non_ascii(int ch)
+{
+	return !isascii(ch) || ch == '\033';
+}
+
+static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
+{
+	return (non_ascii(ch) || (ch == '=') || (ch == '?') || (ch == '_'));
+}
+
+static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
+		       const char *encoding)
+{
+	int i, last;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		int ch = line[i];
+		if (non_ascii(ch))
+			goto needquote;
+		if ((i + 1 < len) && (ch == '=' && line[i+1] == '?'))
+			goto needquote;
+	}
+	strbuf_add(sb, line, len);
+	return;
+
+needquote:
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len * 3 + strlen(encoding) + 100);
+	strbuf_addf(sb, "=?%s?q?", encoding);
+	for (i = last = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
+		/*
+		 * We encode ' ' using '=20' even though rfc2047
+		 * allows using '_' for readability.  Unfortunately,
+		 * many programs do not understand this and just
+		 * leave the underscore in place.
+		 */
+		if (is_rfc2047_special(ch) || ch == ' ') {
+			strbuf_add(sb, line + last, i - last);
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "=%02X", ch);
+			last = i + 1;
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_add(sb, line + last, len - last);
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, "?=");
+}
+
+void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
+		  const char *line, enum date_mode dmode,
+		  const char *encoding)
+{
+	char *date;
+	int namelen;
+	unsigned long time;
+	int tz;
+
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+		return;
+	date = strchr(line, '>');
+	if (!date)
+		return;
+	namelen = ++date - line;
+	time = strtoul(date, &date, 10);
+	tz = strtol(date, NULL, 10);
+
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+		char *name_tail = strchr(line, '<');
+		int display_name_length;
+		if (!name_tail)
+			return;
+		while (line < name_tail && isspace(name_tail[-1]))
+			name_tail--;
+		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
+		add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
+		strbuf_add(sb, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%.*s\n", what,
+			      (fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0,
+			      "    ", namelen, line);
+	}
+	switch (fmt) {
+	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date:   %s\n", show_date(time, tz, dmode));
+		break;
+	case CMIT_FMT_EMAIL:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date: %s\n", show_date(time, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+		break;
+	case CMIT_FMT_FULLER:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%sDate: %s\n", what, show_date(time, tz, dmode));
+		break;
+	default:
+		/* notin' */
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int is_empty_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
+{
+	int len = *len_p;
+	while (len && isspace(line[len-1]))
+		len--;
+	*len_p = len;
+	return !len;
+}
+
+static const char *skip_empty_lines(const char *msg)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		int linelen = get_one_line(msg);
+		int ll = linelen;
+		if (!linelen)
+			break;
+		if (!is_empty_line(msg, &ll))
+			break;
+		msg += linelen;
+	}
+	return msg;
+}
+
+static void add_merge_info(enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
+			const struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
+
+	if ((fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) || (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ||
+	    !parent || !parent->next)
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, "Merge:");
+
+	while (parent) {
+		struct commit *p = parent->item;
+		const char *hex = NULL;
+		if (abbrev)
+			hex = find_unique_abbrev(p->object.sha1, abbrev);
+		if (!hex)
+			hex = sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1);
+		parent = parent->next;
+
+		strbuf_addf(sb, " %s", hex);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+}
+
+static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *key)
+{
+	int key_len = strlen(key);
+	const char *line = commit->buffer;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *eol = strchr(line, '\n'), *next;
+
+		if (line == eol)
+			return NULL;
+		if (!eol) {
+			eol = line + strlen(line);
+			next = NULL;
+		} else
+			next = eol + 1;
+		if (eol - line > key_len &&
+		    !strncmp(line, key, key_len) &&
+		    line[key_len] == ' ') {
+			return xmemdupz(line + key_len + 1, eol - line - key_len - 1);
+		}
+		line = next;
+	}
+}
+
+static char *replace_encoding_header(char *buf, const char *encoding)
+{
+	struct strbuf tmp = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t start, len;
+	char *cp = buf;
+
+	/* guess if there is an encoding header before a \n\n */
+	while (strncmp(cp, "encoding ", strlen("encoding "))) {
+		cp = strchr(cp, '\n');
+		if (!cp || *++cp == '\n')
+			return buf;
+	}
+	start = cp - buf;
+	cp = strchr(cp, '\n');
+	if (!cp)
+		return buf; /* should not happen but be defensive */
+	len = cp + 1 - (buf + start);
+
+	strbuf_attach(&tmp, buf, strlen(buf), strlen(buf) + 1);
+	if (is_encoding_utf8(encoding)) {
+		/* we have re-coded to UTF-8; drop the header */
+		strbuf_remove(&tmp, start, len);
+	} else {
+		/* just replaces XXXX in 'encoding XXXX\n' */
+		strbuf_splice(&tmp, start + strlen("encoding "),
+					  len - strlen("encoding \n"),
+					  encoding, strlen(encoding));
+	}
+	return strbuf_detach(&tmp, NULL);
+}
+
+static char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
+			     const char *output_encoding)
+{
+	static const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
+	const char *use_encoding;
+	char *encoding;
+	char *out;
+
+	if (!*output_encoding)
+		return NULL;
+	encoding = get_header(commit, "encoding");
+	use_encoding = encoding ? encoding : utf8;
+	if (!strcmp(use_encoding, output_encoding))
+		if (encoding) /* we'll strip encoding header later */
+			out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
+		else
+			return NULL; /* nothing to do */
+	else
+		out = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
+				      output_encoding, use_encoding);
+	if (out)
+		out = replace_encoding_header(out, output_encoding);
+
+	free(encoding);
+	return out;
+}
+
+static int mailmap_name(char *email, int email_len, char *name, int name_len)
+{
+	static struct string_list *mail_map;
+	if (!mail_map) {
+		mail_map = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*mail_map));
+		read_mailmap(mail_map, NULL);
+	}
+	return mail_map->nr && map_user(mail_map, email, email_len, name, name_len);
+}
+
+static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
+				 const char *msg, int len, enum date_mode dmode)
+{
+	/* currently all placeholders have same length */
+	const int placeholder_len = 2;
+	int start, end, tz = 0;
+	unsigned long date = 0;
+	char *ep;
+	const char *name_start, *name_end, *mail_start, *mail_end, *msg_end = msg+len;
+	char person_name[1024];
+	char person_mail[1024];
+
+	/* advance 'end' to point to email start delimiter */
+	for (end = 0; end < len && msg[end] != '<'; end++)
+		; /* do nothing */
+
+	/*
+	 * When end points at the '<' that we found, it should have
+	 * matching '>' later, which means 'end' must be strictly
+	 * below len - 1.
+	 */
+	if (end >= len - 2)
+		goto skip;
+
+	/* Seek for both name and email part */
+	name_start = msg;
+	name_end = msg+end;
+	while (name_end > name_start && isspace(*(name_end-1)))
+		name_end--;
+	mail_start = msg+end+1;
+	mail_end = mail_start;
+	while (mail_end < msg_end && *mail_end != '>')
+		mail_end++;
+	if (mail_end == msg_end)
+		goto skip;
+	end = mail_end-msg;
+
+	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') { /* mailmap lookup */
+		strlcpy(person_name, name_start, name_end-name_start+1);
+		strlcpy(person_mail, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start+1);
+		mailmap_name(person_mail, sizeof(person_mail), person_name, sizeof(person_name));
+		name_start = person_name;
+		name_end = name_start + strlen(person_name);
+		mail_start = person_mail;
+		mail_end = mail_start +  strlen(person_mail);
+	}
+	if (part == 'n' || part == 'N') {	/* name */
+		strbuf_add(sb, name_start, name_end-name_start);
+		return placeholder_len;
+	}
+	if (part == 'e' || part == 'E') {	/* email */
+		strbuf_add(sb, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start);
+		return placeholder_len;
+	}
+
+	/* advance 'start' to point to date start delimiter */
+	for (start = end + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
+		; /* do nothing */
+	if (start >= len)
+		goto skip;
+	date = strtoul(msg + start, &ep, 10);
+	if (msg + start == ep)
+		goto skip;
+
+	if (part == 't') {	/* date, UNIX timestamp */
+		strbuf_add(sb, msg + start, ep - (msg + start));
+		return placeholder_len;
+	}
+
+	/* parse tz */
+	for (start = ep - msg + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
+		; /* do nothing */
+	if (start + 1 < len) {
+		tz = strtoul(msg + start + 1, NULL, 10);
+		if (msg[start] == '-')
+			tz = -tz;
+	}
+
+	switch (part) {
+	case 'd':	/* date */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, dmode));
+		return placeholder_len;
+	case 'D':	/* date, RFC2822 style */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+		return placeholder_len;
+	case 'r':	/* date, relative */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RELATIVE));
+		return placeholder_len;
+	case 'i':	/* date, ISO 8601 */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_ISO8601));
+		return placeholder_len;
+	}
+
+skip:
+	/*
+	 * bogus commit, 'sb' cannot be updated, but we still need to
+	 * compute a valid return value.
+	 */
+	if (part == 'n' || part == 'e' || part == 't' || part == 'd'
+	    || part == 'D' || part == 'r' || part == 'i')
+		return placeholder_len;
+
+	return 0; /* unknown placeholder */
+}
+
+struct chunk {
+	size_t off;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+struct format_commit_context {
+	const struct commit *commit;
+	enum date_mode dmode;
+	unsigned commit_header_parsed:1;
+	unsigned commit_message_parsed:1;
+
+	/* These offsets are relative to the start of the commit message. */
+	struct chunk author;
+	struct chunk committer;
+	struct chunk encoding;
+	size_t message_off;
+	size_t subject_off;
+	size_t body_off;
+
+	/* The following ones are relative to the result struct strbuf. */
+	struct chunk abbrev_commit_hash;
+	struct chunk abbrev_tree_hash;
+	struct chunk abbrev_parent_hashes;
+};
+
+static int add_again(struct strbuf *sb, struct chunk *chunk)
+{
+	if (chunk->len) {
+		strbuf_adddup(sb, chunk->off, chunk->len);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We haven't seen this chunk before.  Our caller is surely
+	 * going to add it the hard way now.  Remember the most likely
+	 * start of the to-be-added chunk: the current end of the
+	 * struct strbuf.
+	 */
+	chunk->off = sb->len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
+{
+	const char *msg = context->commit->buffer;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; msg[i]; i++) {
+		int eol;
+		for (eol = i; msg[eol] && msg[eol] != '\n'; eol++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+
+		if (i == eol) {
+			break;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "author ")) {
+			context->author.off = i + 7;
+			context->author.len = eol - i - 7;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "committer ")) {
+			context->committer.off = i + 10;
+			context->committer.len = eol - i - 10;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "encoding ")) {
+			context->encoding.off = i + 9;
+			context->encoding.len = eol - i - 9;
+		}
+		i = eol;
+	}
+	context->message_off = i;
+	context->commit_header_parsed = 1;
+}
+
+static int istitlechar(char c)
+{
+	return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
+		(c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.' || c == '_';
+}
+
+static void format_sanitized_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg)
+{
+	size_t trimlen;
+	size_t start_len = sb->len;
+	int space = 2;
+
+	for (; *msg && *msg != '\n'; msg++) {
+		if (istitlechar(*msg)) {
+			if (space == 1)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, '-');
+			space = 0;
+			strbuf_addch(sb, *msg);
+			if (*msg == '.')
+				while (*(msg+1) == '.')
+					msg++;
+		} else
+			space |= 1;
+	}
+
+	/* trim any trailing '.' or '-' characters */
+	trimlen = 0;
+	while (sb->len - trimlen > start_len &&
+		(sb->buf[sb->len - 1 - trimlen] == '.'
+		|| sb->buf[sb->len - 1 - trimlen] == '-'))
+		trimlen++;
+	strbuf_remove(sb, sb->len - trimlen, trimlen);
+}
+
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			   const char *line_separator)
+{
+	int first = 1;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *line = msg;
+		int linelen = get_one_line(line);
+
+		msg += linelen;
+		if (!linelen || is_empty_line(line, &linelen))
+			break;
+
+		if (!sb)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 2);
+		if (!first)
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, line_separator);
+		strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+		first = 0;
+	}
+	return msg;
+}
+
+static void parse_commit_message(struct format_commit_context *c)
+{
+	const char *msg = c->commit->buffer + c->message_off;
+	const char *start = c->commit->buffer;
+
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	c->subject_off = msg - start;
+
+	msg = format_subject(NULL, msg, NULL);
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	c->body_off = msg - start;
+
+	c->commit_message_parsed = 1;
+}
+
+static void format_decoration(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct name_decoration *d;
+	const char *prefix = " (";
+
+	load_ref_decorations();
+	d = lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object);
+	while (d) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
+		prefix = ", ";
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, d->name);
+		d = d->next;
+	}
+	if (prefix[0] == ',')
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ')');
+}
+
+static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+                               void *context)
+{
+	struct format_commit_context *c = context;
+	const struct commit *commit = c->commit;
+	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	int h1, h2;
+
+	/* these are independent of the commit */
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case 'C':
+		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
+			const char *end = strchr(placeholder + 2, ')');
+			char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+			if (!end)
+				return 0;
+			color_parse_mem(placeholder + 2,
+					end - (placeholder + 2),
+					"--pretty format", color);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
+			return end - placeholder + 1;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "red")) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RED);
+			return 4;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "green")) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_GREEN);
+			return 6;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "blue")) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_BLUE);
+			return 5;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "reset")) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+			return 6;
+		} else
+			return 0;
+	case 'n':		/* newline */
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+		return 1;
+	case 'x':
+		/* %x00 == NUL, %x0a == LF, etc. */
+		if (0 <= (h1 = hexval_table[0xff & placeholder[1]]) &&
+		    h1 <= 16 &&
+		    0 <= (h2 = hexval_table[0xff & placeholder[2]]) &&
+		    h2 <= 16) {
+			strbuf_addch(sb, (h1<<4)|h2);
+			return 3;
+		} else
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* these depend on the commit */
+	if (!commit->object.parsed)
+		parse_object(commit->object.sha1);
+
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case 'H':		/* commit hash */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		return 1;
+	case 'h':		/* abbreviated commit hash */
+		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_commit_hash))
+			return 1;
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
+		                                     DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		c->abbrev_commit_hash.len = sb->len - c->abbrev_commit_hash.off;
+		return 1;
+	case 'T':		/* tree hash */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
+		return 1;
+	case 't':		/* abbreviated tree hash */
+		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_tree_hash))
+			return 1;
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(commit->tree->object.sha1,
+		                                     DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		c->abbrev_tree_hash.len = sb->len - c->abbrev_tree_hash.off;
+		return 1;
+	case 'P':		/* parent hashes */
+		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+			if (p != commit->parents)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(p->item->object.sha1));
+		}
+		return 1;
+	case 'p':		/* abbreviated parent hashes */
+		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_parent_hashes))
+			return 1;
+		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+			if (p != commit->parents)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(
+					p->item->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		}
+		c->abbrev_parent_hashes.len = sb->len -
+		                              c->abbrev_parent_hashes.off;
+		return 1;
+	case 'm':		/* left/right/bottom */
+		strbuf_addch(sb, (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
+		                 ? '-'
+		                 : (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+		                 ? '<'
+		                 : '>');
+		return 1;
+	case 'd':
+		format_decoration(sb, commit);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* For the rest we have to parse the commit header. */
+	if (!c->commit_header_parsed)
+		parse_commit_header(c);
+
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case 'a':	/* author ... */
+		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
+				   msg + c->author.off, c->author.len,
+				   c->dmode);
+	case 'c':	/* committer ... */
+		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
+				   msg + c->committer.off, c->committer.len,
+				   c->dmode);
+	case 'e':	/* encoding */
+		strbuf_add(sb, msg + c->encoding.off, c->encoding.len);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Now we need to parse the commit message. */
+	if (!c->commit_message_parsed)
+		parse_commit_message(c);
+
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case 's':	/* subject */
+		format_subject(sb, msg + c->subject_off, " ");
+		return 1;
+	case 'f':	/* sanitized subject */
+		format_sanitized_subject(sb, msg + c->subject_off);
+		return 1;
+	case 'b':	/* body */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, msg + c->body_off);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;	/* unknown placeholder */
+}
+
+void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
+			   const void *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+			   enum date_mode dmode)
+{
+	struct format_commit_context context;
+
+	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(context));
+	context.commit = commit;
+	context.dmode = dmode;
+	strbuf_expand(sb, format, format_commit_item, &context);
+}
+
+static void pp_header(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
+		      int abbrev,
+		      enum date_mode dmode,
+		      const char *encoding,
+		      const struct commit *commit,
+		      const char **msg_p,
+		      struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int parents_shown = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *line = *msg_p;
+		int linelen = get_one_line(*msg_p);
+
+		if (!linelen)
+			return;
+		*msg_p += linelen;
+
+		if (linelen == 1)
+			/* End of header */
+			return;
+
+		if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_RAW) {
+			strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!memcmp(line, "parent ", 7)) {
+			if (linelen != 48)
+				die("bad parent line in commit");
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!parents_shown) {
+			struct commit_list *parent;
+			int num;
+			for (parent = commit->parents, num = 0;
+			     parent;
+			     parent = parent->next, num++)
+				;
+			/* with enough slop */
+			strbuf_grow(sb, num * 50 + 20);
+			add_merge_info(fmt, sb, commit, abbrev);
+			parents_shown = 1;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * MEDIUM == DEFAULT shows only author with dates.
+		 * FULL shows both authors but not dates.
+		 * FULLER shows both authors and dates.
+		 */
+		if (!memcmp(line, "author ", 7)) {
+			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
+			pp_user_info("Author", fmt, sb, line + 7, dmode, encoding);
+		}
+		if (!memcmp(line, "committer ", 10) &&
+		    (fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULL || fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER)) {
+			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
+			pp_user_info("Commit", fmt, sb, line + 10, dmode, encoding);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void pp_title_line(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
+		   const char **msg_p,
+		   struct strbuf *sb,
+		   const char *subject,
+		   const char *after_subject,
+		   const char *encoding,
+		   int need_8bit_cte)
+{
+	const char *line_separator = (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ? "\n " : " ";
+	struct strbuf title;
+
+	strbuf_init(&title, 80);
+	*msg_p = format_subject(&title, *msg_p, line_separator);
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
+	if (subject) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, subject);
+		add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len, encoding);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &title);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+
+	if (need_8bit_cte > 0) {
+		const char *header_fmt =
+			"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+			"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%s\n"
+			"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
+		strbuf_addf(sb, header_fmt, encoding);
+	}
+	if (after_subject) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, after_subject);
+	}
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&title);
+}
+
+void pp_remainder(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
+		  const char **msg_p,
+		  struct strbuf *sb,
+		  int indent)
+{
+	int first = 1;
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *line = *msg_p;
+		int linelen = get_one_line(line);
+		*msg_p += linelen;
+
+		if (!linelen)
+			break;
+
+		if (is_empty_line(line, &linelen)) {
+			if (first)
+				continue;
+			if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_SHORT)
+				break;
+		}
+		first = 0;
+
+		strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + indent + 20);
+		if (indent) {
+			memset(sb->buf + sb->len, ' ', indent);
+			strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + indent);
+		}
+		strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	}
+}
+
+char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit, const char **encoding_p)
+{
+	const char *encoding;
+
+	encoding = (git_log_output_encoding
+		    ? git_log_output_encoding
+		    : git_commit_encoding);
+	if (!encoding)
+		encoding = "UTF-8";
+	if (encoding_p)
+		*encoding_p = encoding;
+	return logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
+}
+
+void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
+			 struct strbuf *sb, int abbrev,
+			 const char *subject, const char *after_subject,
+			 enum date_mode dmode, int need_8bit_cte)
+{
+	unsigned long beginning_of_body;
+	int indent = 4;
+	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
+	char *reencoded;
+	const char *encoding;
+
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
+		format_commit_message(commit, user_format, sb, dmode);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	reencoded = reencode_commit_message(commit, &encoding);
+	if (reencoded) {
+		msg = reencoded;
+	}
+
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+		indent = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to check and emit Content-type: to mark it
+	 * as 8-bit if we haven't done so.
+	 */
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && need_8bit_cte == 0) {
+		int i, ch, in_body;
+
+		for (in_body = i = 0; (ch = msg[i]); i++) {
+			if (!in_body) {
+				/* author could be non 7-bit ASCII but
+				 * the log may be so; skip over the
+				 * header part first.
+				 */
+				if (ch == '\n' && msg[i+1] == '\n')
+					in_body = 1;
+			}
+			else if (non_ascii(ch)) {
+				need_8bit_cte = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	pp_header(fmt, abbrev, dmode, encoding, commit, &msg, sb);
+	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE && !subject) {
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	}
+
+	/* Skip excess blank lines at the beginning of body, if any... */
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+
+	/* These formats treat the title line specially. */
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+		pp_title_line(fmt, &msg, sb, subject,
+			      after_subject, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
+
+	beginning_of_body = sb->len;
+	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+		pp_remainder(fmt, &msg, sb, indent);
+	strbuf_rtrim(sb);
+
+	/* Make sure there is an EOLN for the non-oneline case */
+	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+
+	/*
+	 * The caller may append additional body text in e-mail
+	 * format.  Make sure we did not strip the blank line
+	 * between the header and the body.
+	 */
+	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	free(reencoded);
+}
diff --git a/progress.c b/progress.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..621c34edc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/progress.c
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/*
+ * Simple text-based progress display module for GIT
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+
+#define TP_IDX_MAX      8
+
+struct throughput {
+	off_t curr_total;
+	off_t prev_total;
+	struct timeval prev_tv;
+	unsigned int avg_bytes;
+	unsigned int avg_misecs;
+	unsigned int last_bytes[TP_IDX_MAX];
+	unsigned int last_misecs[TP_IDX_MAX];
+	unsigned int idx;
+	char display[32];
+};
+
+struct progress {
+	const char *title;
+	int last_value;
+	unsigned total;
+	unsigned last_percent;
+	unsigned delay;
+	unsigned delayed_percent_treshold;
+	struct throughput *throughput;
+};
+
+static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
+
+static void progress_interval(int signum)
+{
+	progress_update = 1;
+}
+
+static void set_progress_signal(void)
+{
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	struct itimerval v;
+
+	progress_update = 0;
+
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = progress_interval;
+	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
+	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
+
+	v.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
+	v.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+	v.it_value = v.it_interval;
+	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
+}
+
+static void clear_progress_signal(void)
+{
+	struct itimerval v = {{0,},};
+	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
+	signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
+	progress_update = 0;
+}
+
+static int display(struct progress *progress, unsigned n, const char *done)
+{
+	const char *eol, *tp;
+
+	if (progress->delay) {
+		if (!progress_update || --progress->delay)
+			return 0;
+		if (progress->total) {
+			unsigned percent = n * 100 / progress->total;
+			if (percent > progress->delayed_percent_treshold) {
+				/* inhibit this progress report entirely */
+				clear_progress_signal();
+				progress->delay = -1;
+				progress->total = 0;
+				return 0;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	progress->last_value = n;
+	tp = (progress->throughput) ? progress->throughput->display : "";
+	eol = done ? done : "   \r";
+	if (progress->total) {
+		unsigned percent = n * 100 / progress->total;
+		if (percent != progress->last_percent || progress_update) {
+			progress->last_percent = percent;
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: %3u%% (%u/%u)%s%s",
+				progress->title, percent, n,
+				progress->total, tp, eol);
+			fflush(stderr);
+			progress_update = 0;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	} else if (progress_update) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %u%s%s", progress->title, n, tp, eol);
+		fflush(stderr);
+		progress_update = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void throughput_string(struct throughput *tp, off_t total,
+			      unsigned int rate)
+{
+	int l = sizeof(tp->display);
+	if (total > 1 << 30) {
+		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u GiB",
+			      (int)(total >> 30),
+			      (int)(total & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
+	} else if (total > 1 << 20) {
+		int x = total + 5243;  /* for rounding */
+		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u MiB",
+			      x >> 20, ((x & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
+	} else if (total > 1 << 10) {
+		int x = total + 5;  /* for rounding */
+		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u KiB",
+			      x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
+	} else {
+		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u bytes", (int)total);
+	}
+	if (rate)
+		snprintf(tp->display + sizeof(tp->display) - l, l,
+			 " | %u KiB/s", rate);
+}
+
+void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
+{
+	struct throughput *tp;
+	struct timeval tv;
+	unsigned int misecs;
+
+	if (!progress)
+		return;
+	tp = progress->throughput;
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+
+	if (!tp) {
+		progress->throughput = tp = calloc(1, sizeof(*tp));
+		if (tp) {
+			tp->prev_total = tp->curr_total = total;
+			tp->prev_tv = tv;
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	tp->curr_total = total;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have x = bytes and y = microsecs.  We want z = KiB/s:
+	 *
+	 *	z = (x / 1024) / (y / 1000000)
+	 *	z = x / y * 1000000 / 1024
+	 *	z = x / (y * 1024 / 1000000)
+	 *	z = x / y'
+	 *
+	 * To simplify things we'll keep track of misecs, or 1024th of a sec
+	 * obtained with:
+	 *
+	 *	y' = y * 1024 / 1000000
+	 *	y' = y / (1000000 / 1024)
+	 *	y' = y / 977
+	 */
+	misecs = (tv.tv_sec - tp->prev_tv.tv_sec) * 1024;
+	misecs += (int)(tv.tv_usec - tp->prev_tv.tv_usec) / 977;
+
+	if (misecs > 512) {
+		unsigned int count, rate;
+
+		count = total - tp->prev_total;
+		tp->prev_total = total;
+		tp->prev_tv = tv;
+		tp->avg_bytes += count;
+		tp->avg_misecs += misecs;
+		rate = tp->avg_bytes / tp->avg_misecs;
+		tp->avg_bytes -= tp->last_bytes[tp->idx];
+		tp->avg_misecs -= tp->last_misecs[tp->idx];
+		tp->last_bytes[tp->idx] = count;
+		tp->last_misecs[tp->idx] = misecs;
+		tp->idx = (tp->idx + 1) % TP_IDX_MAX;
+
+		throughput_string(tp, total, rate);
+		if (progress->last_value != -1 && progress_update)
+			display(progress, progress->last_value, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+int display_progress(struct progress *progress, unsigned n)
+{
+	return progress ? display(progress, n, NULL) : 0;
+}
+
+struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, unsigned total,
+				       unsigned percent_treshold, unsigned delay)
+{
+	struct progress *progress = malloc(sizeof(*progress));
+	if (!progress) {
+		/* unlikely, but here's a good fallback */
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s...\n", title);
+		fflush(stderr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	progress->title = title;
+	progress->total = total;
+	progress->last_value = -1;
+	progress->last_percent = -1;
+	progress->delayed_percent_treshold = percent_treshold;
+	progress->delay = delay;
+	progress->throughput = NULL;
+	set_progress_signal();
+	return progress;
+}
+
+struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, unsigned total)
+{
+	return start_progress_delay(title, total, 0, 0);
+}
+
+void stop_progress(struct progress **p_progress)
+{
+	stop_progress_msg(p_progress, "done");
+}
+
+void stop_progress_msg(struct progress **p_progress, const char *msg)
+{
+	struct progress *progress = *p_progress;
+	if (!progress)
+		return;
+	*p_progress = NULL;
+	if (progress->last_value != -1) {
+		/* Force the last update */
+		char buf[128], *bufp;
+		size_t len = strlen(msg) + 5;
+		struct throughput *tp = progress->throughput;
+
+		bufp = (len < sizeof(buf)) ? buf : xmalloc(len + 1);
+		if (tp) {
+			unsigned int rate = !tp->avg_misecs ? 0 :
+					tp->avg_bytes / tp->avg_misecs;
+			throughput_string(tp, tp->curr_total, rate);
+		}
+		progress_update = 1;
+		sprintf(bufp, ", %s.\n", msg);
+		display(progress, progress->last_value, bufp);
+		if (buf != bufp)
+			free(bufp);
+	}
+	clear_progress_signal();
+	free(progress->throughput);
+	free(progress);
+}
diff --git a/progress.h b/progress.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..611e4c4d42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/progress.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef PROGRESS_H
+#define PROGRESS_H
+
+struct progress;
+
+void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total);
+int display_progress(struct progress *progress, unsigned n);
+struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, unsigned total);
+struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, unsigned total,
+				       unsigned percent_treshold, unsigned delay);
+void stop_progress(struct progress **progress);
+void stop_progress_msg(struct progress **progress, const char *msg);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/quote.c b/quote.c
index fb9e4ca253..848d174cc5 100644
--- a/quote.c
+++ b/quote.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
+int quote_path_fully = 1;
+
 /* Help to copy the thing properly quoted for the shell safety.
  * any single quote is replaced with '\'', any exclamation point
  * is replaced with '\!', and the whole thing is enclosed in a
@@ -12,37 +14,31 @@
  *  a'b      ==> a'\''b    ==> 'a'\''b'
  *  a!b      ==> a'\!'b    ==> 'a'\!'b'
  */
-#undef EMIT
-#define EMIT(x) do { if (++len < n) *bp++ = (x); } while(0)
-
 static inline int need_bs_quote(char c)
 {
 	return (c == '\'' || c == '!');
 }
 
-size_t sq_quote_buf(char *dst, size_t n, const char *src)
+void sq_quote_buf(struct strbuf *dst, const char *src)
 {
-	char c;
-	char *bp = dst;
-	size_t len = 0;
-
-	EMIT('\'');
-	while ((c = *src++)) {
-		if (need_bs_quote(c)) {
-			EMIT('\'');
-			EMIT('\\');
-			EMIT(c);
-			EMIT('\'');
-		} else {
-			EMIT(c);
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+
+	if (dst->buf == src)
+		to_free = strbuf_detach(dst, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_addch(dst, '\'');
+	while (*src) {
+		size_t len = strcspn(src, "'!");
+		strbuf_add(dst, src, len);
+		src += len;
+		while (need_bs_quote(*src)) {
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, "'\\");
+			strbuf_addch(dst, *src++);
+			strbuf_addch(dst, '\'');
 		}
 	}
-	EMIT('\'');
-
-	if ( n )
-		*bp = 0;
-
-	return len;
+	strbuf_addch(dst, '\'');
+	free(to_free);
 }
 
 void sq_quote_print(FILE *stream, const char *src)
@@ -62,80 +58,21 @@ void sq_quote_print(FILE *stream, const char *src)
 	fputc('\'', stream);
 }
 
-char *sq_quote(const char *src)
-{
-	char *buf;
-	size_t cnt;
-
-	cnt = sq_quote_buf(NULL, 0, src) + 1;
-	buf = xmalloc(cnt);
-	sq_quote_buf(buf, cnt, src);
-
-	return buf;
-}
-
-char *sq_quote_argv(const char** argv, int count)
+void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *dst, const char** argv, size_t maxlen)
 {
-	char *buf, *to;
 	int i;
-	size_t len = 0;
-
-	/* Count argv if needed. */
-	if (count < 0) {
-		for (count = 0; argv[count]; count++)
-			; /* just counting */
-	}
-
-	/* Special case: no argv. */
-	if (!count)
-		return xcalloc(1,1);
-
-	/* Get destination buffer length. */
-	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-		len += sq_quote_buf(NULL, 0, argv[i]) + 1;
-
-	/* Alloc destination buffer. */
-	to = buf = xmalloc(len + 1);
 
 	/* Copy into destination buffer. */
-	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-		*to++ = ' ';
-		to += sq_quote_buf(to, len, argv[i]);
-	}
-
-	return buf;
-}
-
-/*
- * Append a string to a string buffer, with or without shell quoting.
- * Return true if the buffer overflowed.
- */
-int add_to_string(char **ptrp, int *sizep, const char *str, int quote)
-{
-	char *p = *ptrp;
-	int size = *sizep;
-	int oc;
-	int err = 0;
-
-	if (quote)
-		oc = sq_quote_buf(p, size, str);
-	else {
-		oc = strlen(str);
-		memcpy(p, str, (size <= oc) ? size - 1 : oc);
+	strbuf_grow(dst, 255);
+	for (i = 0; argv[i]; ++i) {
+		strbuf_addch(dst, ' ');
+		sq_quote_buf(dst, argv[i]);
+		if (maxlen && dst->len > maxlen)
+			die("Too many or long arguments");
 	}
-
-	if (size <= oc) {
-		err = 1;
-		oc = size - 1;
-	}
-
-	*ptrp += oc;
-	**ptrp = '\0';
-	*sizep -= oc;
-	return err;
 }
 
-char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
+char *sq_dequote_step(char *arg, char **next)
 {
 	char *dst = arg;
 	char *src = arg;
@@ -155,6 +92,8 @@ char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
 		switch (*++src) {
 		case '\0':
 			*dst = 0;
+			if (next)
+				*next = NULL;
 			return arg;
 		case '\\':
 			c = *++src;
@@ -164,190 +103,306 @@ char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
 			}
 		/* Fallthrough */
 		default:
-			return NULL;
+			if (!next || !isspace(*src))
+				return NULL;
+			do {
+				c = *++src;
+			} while (isspace(c));
+			*dst = 0;
+			*next = src;
+			return arg;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
+{
+	return sq_dequote_step(arg, NULL);
+}
+
+int sq_dequote_to_argv(char *arg, const char ***argv, int *nr, int *alloc)
+{
+	char *next = arg;
+
+	if (!*arg)
+		return 0;
+	do {
+		char *dequoted = sq_dequote_step(next, &next);
+		if (!dequoted)
+			return -1;
+		ALLOC_GROW(*argv, *nr + 1, *alloc);
+		(*argv)[(*nr)++] = dequoted;
+	} while (next);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* 1 means: quote as octal
+ * 0 means: quote as octal if (quote_path_fully)
+ * -1 means: never quote
+ * c: quote as "\\c"
+ */
+#define X8(x)   x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x
+#define X16(x)  X8(x), X8(x)
+static signed char const sq_lookup[256] = {
+	/*           0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7 */
+	/* 0x00 */   1,   1,   1,   1,   1,   1,   1, 'a',
+	/* 0x08 */ 'b', 't', 'n', 'v', 'f', 'r',   1,   1,
+	/* 0x10 */ X16(1),
+	/* 0x20 */  -1,  -1, '"',  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,
+	/* 0x28 */ X16(-1), X16(-1), X16(-1),
+	/* 0x58 */  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,'\\',  -1,  -1,  -1,
+	/* 0x60 */ X16(-1), X8(-1),
+	/* 0x78 */  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,  -1,   1,
+	/* 0x80 */ /* set to 0 */
+};
+
+static inline int sq_must_quote(char c)
+{
+	return sq_lookup[(unsigned char)c] + quote_path_fully > 0;
+}
+
+/* returns the longest prefix not needing a quote up to maxlen if positive.
+   This stops at the first \0 because it's marked as a character needing an
+   escape */
+static size_t next_quote_pos(const char *s, ssize_t maxlen)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	if (maxlen < 0) {
+		for (len = 0; !sq_must_quote(s[len]); len++);
+	} else {
+		for (len = 0; len < maxlen && !sq_must_quote(s[len]); len++);
+	}
+	return len;
+}
+
 /*
  * C-style name quoting.
  *
- * Does one of three things:
- *
- * (1) if outbuf and outfp are both NULL, inspect the input name and
- *     counts the number of bytes that are needed to hold c_style
- *     quoted version of name, counting the double quotes around
- *     it but not terminating NUL, and returns it.  However, if name
- *     does not need c_style quoting, it returns 0.
- *
- * (2) if outbuf is not NULL, it must point at a buffer large enough
- *     to hold the c_style quoted version of name, enclosing double
- *     quotes, and terminating NUL.  Fills outbuf with c_style quoted
- *     version of name enclosed in double-quote pair.  Return value
- *     is undefined.
+ * (1) if sb and fp are both NULL, inspect the input name and counts the
+ *     number of bytes that are needed to hold c_style quoted version of name,
+ *     counting the double quotes around it but not terminating NUL, and
+ *     returns it.
+ *     However, if name does not need c_style quoting, it returns 0.
  *
- * (3) if outfp is not NULL, outputs c_style quoted version of name,
- *     but not enclosed in double-quote pair.  Return value is undefined.
+ * (2) if sb or fp are not NULL, it emits the c_style quoted version
+ *     of name, enclosed with double quotes if asked and needed only.
+ *     Return value is the same as in (1).
  */
-
-static int quote_c_style_counted(const char *name, int namelen,
-				 char *outbuf, FILE *outfp, int no_dq)
+static size_t quote_c_style_counted(const char *name, ssize_t maxlen,
+                                    struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int no_dq)
 {
 #undef EMIT
-#define EMIT(c) \
-	(outbuf ? (*outbuf++ = (c)) : outfp ? fputc(c, outfp) : (count++))
-
-#define EMITQ() EMIT('\\')
+#define EMIT(c)                                 \
+	do {                                        \
+		if (sb) strbuf_addch(sb, (c));          \
+		if (fp) fputc((c), fp);                 \
+		count++;                                \
+	} while (0)
+#define EMITBUF(s, l)                           \
+	do {                                        \
+		if (sb) strbuf_add(sb, (s), (l));       \
+		if (fp) fwrite((s), (l), 1, fp);        \
+		count += (l);                           \
+	} while (0)
+
+	size_t len, count = 0;
+	const char *p = name;
 
-	const char *sp;
-	int ch, count = 0, needquote = 0;
+	for (;;) {
+		int ch;
 
-	if (!no_dq)
-		EMIT('"');
-	for (sp = name; sp < name + namelen; sp++) {
-		ch = *sp;
-		if (!ch)
+		len = next_quote_pos(p, maxlen);
+		if (len == maxlen || !p[len])
 			break;
-		if ((ch < ' ') || (ch == '"') || (ch == '\\') ||
-		    (ch >= 0177)) {
-			needquote = 1;
-			switch (ch) {
-			case '\a': EMITQ(); ch = 'a'; break;
-			case '\b': EMITQ(); ch = 'b'; break;
-			case '\f': EMITQ(); ch = 'f'; break;
-			case '\n': EMITQ(); ch = 'n'; break;
-			case '\r': EMITQ(); ch = 'r'; break;
-			case '\t': EMITQ(); ch = 't'; break;
-			case '\v': EMITQ(); ch = 'v'; break;
-
-			case '\\': /* fallthru */
-			case '"': EMITQ(); break;
-			default:
-				/* octal */
-				EMITQ();
-				EMIT(((ch >> 6) & 03) + '0');
-				EMIT(((ch >> 3) & 07) + '0');
-				ch = (ch & 07) + '0';
-				break;
-			}
+
+		if (!no_dq && p == name)
+			EMIT('"');
+
+		EMITBUF(p, len);
+		EMIT('\\');
+		p += len;
+		ch = (unsigned char)*p++;
+		if (sq_lookup[ch] >= ' ') {
+			EMIT(sq_lookup[ch]);
+		} else {
+			EMIT(((ch >> 6) & 03) + '0');
+			EMIT(((ch >> 3) & 07) + '0');
+			EMIT(((ch >> 0) & 07) + '0');
 		}
-		EMIT(ch);
 	}
+
+	EMITBUF(p, len);
+	if (p == name)   /* no ending quote needed */
+		return 0;
+
 	if (!no_dq)
 		EMIT('"');
-	if (outbuf)
-		*outbuf = 0;
+	return count;
+}
+
+size_t quote_c_style(const char *name, struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int nodq)
+{
+	return quote_c_style_counted(name, -1, sb, fp, nodq);
+}
+
+void quote_two_c_style(struct strbuf *sb, const char *prefix, const char *path, int nodq)
+{
+	if (quote_c_style(prefix, NULL, NULL, 0) ||
+	    quote_c_style(path, NULL, NULL, 0)) {
+		if (!nodq)
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '"');
+		quote_c_style(prefix, sb, NULL, 1);
+		quote_c_style(path, sb, NULL, 1);
+		if (!nodq)
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '"');
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, path);
+	}
+}
+
+void write_name_quoted(const char *name, FILE *fp, int terminator)
+{
+	if (terminator) {
+		quote_c_style(name, NULL, fp, 0);
+	} else {
+		fputs(name, fp);
+	}
+	fputc(terminator, fp);
+}
+
+void write_name_quotedpfx(const char *pfx, size_t pfxlen,
+			  const char *name, FILE *fp, int terminator)
+{
+	int needquote = 0;
 
-	return needquote ? count : 0;
+	if (terminator) {
+		needquote = next_quote_pos(pfx, pfxlen) < pfxlen
+			|| name[next_quote_pos(name, -1)];
+	}
+	if (needquote) {
+		fputc('"', fp);
+		quote_c_style_counted(pfx, pfxlen, NULL, fp, 1);
+		quote_c_style(name, NULL, fp, 1);
+		fputc('"', fp);
+	} else {
+		fwrite(pfx, pfxlen, 1, fp);
+		fputs(name, fp);
+	}
+	fputc(terminator, fp);
 }
 
-int quote_c_style(const char *name, char *outbuf, FILE *outfp, int no_dq)
+/* quote path as relative to the given prefix */
+char *quote_path_relative(const char *in, int len,
+			  struct strbuf *out, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int cnt = strlen(name);
-	return quote_c_style_counted(name, cnt, outbuf, outfp, no_dq);
+	int needquote;
+
+	if (len < 0)
+		len = strlen(in);
+
+	/* "../" prefix itself does not need quoting, but "in" might. */
+	needquote = next_quote_pos(in, len) < len;
+	strbuf_setlen(out, 0);
+	strbuf_grow(out, len);
+
+	if (needquote)
+		strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+	if (prefix) {
+		int off = 0;
+		while (prefix[off] && off < len && prefix[off] == in[off])
+			if (prefix[off] == '/') {
+				prefix += off + 1;
+				in += off + 1;
+				len -= off + 1;
+				off = 0;
+			} else
+				off++;
+
+		for (; *prefix; prefix++)
+			if (*prefix == '/')
+				strbuf_addstr(out, "../");
+	}
+
+	quote_c_style_counted (in, len, out, NULL, 1);
+
+	if (needquote)
+		strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+	if (!out->len)
+		strbuf_addstr(out, "./");
+
+	return out->buf;
 }
 
 /*
  * C-style name unquoting.
  *
- * Quoted should point at the opening double quote.  Returns
- * an allocated memory that holds unquoted name, which the caller
- * should free when done.  Updates endp pointer to point at
- * one past the ending double quote if given.
+ * Quoted should point at the opening double quote.
+ * + Returns 0 if it was able to unquote the string properly, and appends the
+ *   result in the strbuf `sb'.
+ * + Returns -1 in case of error, and doesn't touch the strbuf. Though note
+ *   that this function will allocate memory in the strbuf, so calling
+ *   strbuf_release is mandatory whichever result unquote_c_style returns.
+ *
+ * Updates endp pointer to point at one past the ending double quote if given.
  */
-
-char *unquote_c_style(const char *quoted, const char **endp)
+int unquote_c_style(struct strbuf *sb, const char *quoted, const char **endp)
 {
-	const char *sp;
-	char *name = NULL, *outp = NULL;
-	int count = 0, ch, ac;
-
-#undef EMIT
-#define EMIT(c) (outp ? (*outp++ = (c)) : (count++))
+	size_t oldlen = sb->len, len;
+	int ch, ac;
 
 	if (*quoted++ != '"')
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		len = strcspn(quoted, "\"\\");
+		strbuf_add(sb, quoted, len);
+		quoted += len;
+
+		switch (*quoted++) {
+		  case '"':
+			if (endp)
+				*endp = quoted;
+			return 0;
+		  case '\\':
+			break;
+		  default:
+			goto error;
+		}
 
-	while (1) {
-		/* first pass counts and allocates, second pass fills */
-		for (sp = quoted; (ch = *sp++) != '"'; ) {
-			if (ch == '\\') {
-				switch (ch = *sp++) {
-				case 'a': ch = '\a'; break;
-				case 'b': ch = '\b'; break;
-				case 'f': ch = '\f'; break;
-				case 'n': ch = '\n'; break;
-				case 'r': ch = '\r'; break;
-				case 't': ch = '\t'; break;
-				case 'v': ch = '\v'; break;
-
-				case '\\': case '"':
-					break; /* verbatim */
-
-				case '0':
-				case '1':
-				case '2':
-				case '3':
-				case '4':
-				case '5':
-				case '6':
-				case '7':
-					/* octal */
+		switch ((ch = *quoted++)) {
+		case 'a': ch = '\a'; break;
+		case 'b': ch = '\b'; break;
+		case 'f': ch = '\f'; break;
+		case 'n': ch = '\n'; break;
+		case 'r': ch = '\r'; break;
+		case 't': ch = '\t'; break;
+		case 'v': ch = '\v'; break;
+
+		case '\\': case '"':
+			break; /* verbatim */
+
+		/* octal values with first digit over 4 overflow */
+		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
 					ac = ((ch - '0') << 6);
-					if ((ch = *sp++) < '0' || '7' < ch)
-						return NULL;
+			if ((ch = *quoted++) < '0' || '7' < ch)
+				goto error;
 					ac |= ((ch - '0') << 3);
-					if ((ch = *sp++) < '0' || '7' < ch)
-						return NULL;
+			if ((ch = *quoted++) < '0' || '7' < ch)
+				goto error;
 					ac |= (ch - '0');
 					ch = ac;
 					break;
 				default:
-					return NULL; /* malformed */
-				}
+			goto error;
 			}
-			EMIT(ch);
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
 		}
 
-		if (name) {
-			*outp = 0;
-			if (endp)
-				*endp = sp;
-			return name;
-		}
-		outp = name = xmalloc(count + 1);
-	}
-}
-
-void write_name_quoted(const char *prefix, int prefix_len,
-		       const char *name, int quote, FILE *out)
-{
-	int needquote;
-
-	if (!quote) {
-	no_quote:
-		if (prefix_len)
-			fprintf(out, "%.*s", prefix_len, prefix);
-		fputs(name, out);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	needquote = 0;
-	if (prefix_len)
-		needquote = quote_c_style_counted(prefix, prefix_len,
-						  NULL, NULL, 0);
-	if (!needquote)
-		needquote = quote_c_style(name, NULL, NULL, 0);
-	if (needquote) {
-		fputc('"', out);
-		if (prefix_len)
-			quote_c_style_counted(prefix, prefix_len,
-					      NULL, out, 1);
-		quote_c_style(name, NULL, out, 1);
-		fputc('"', out);
-	}
-	else
-		goto no_quote;
+  error:
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, oldlen);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 /* quoting as a string literal for other languages */
diff --git a/quote.h b/quote.h
index bdc3610df5..66730f2bff 100644
--- a/quote.h
+++ b/quote.h
@@ -28,16 +28,10 @@
  * excluding the final null regardless of the buffer size.
  */
 
-extern char *sq_quote(const char *src);
 extern void sq_quote_print(FILE *stream, const char *src);
-extern size_t sq_quote_buf(char *dst, size_t n, const char *src);
-extern char *sq_quote_argv(const char** argv, int count);
 
-/*
- * Append a string to a string buffer, with or without shell quoting.
- * Return true if the buffer overflowed.
- */
-extern int add_to_string(char **ptrp, int *sizep, const char *str, int quote);
+extern void sq_quote_buf(struct strbuf *, const char *src);
+extern void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *, const char **argv, size_t maxlen);
 
 /* This unwraps what sq_quote() produces in place, but returns
  * NULL if the input does not look like what sq_quote would have
@@ -45,12 +39,26 @@ extern int add_to_string(char **ptrp, int *sizep, const char *str, int quote);
  */
 extern char *sq_dequote(char *);
 
-extern int quote_c_style(const char *name, char *outbuf, FILE *outfp,
-			 int nodq);
-extern char *unquote_c_style(const char *quoted, const char **endp);
+/*
+ * Same as the above, but can be used to unwrap many arguments in the
+ * same string separated by space. "next" is changed to point to the
+ * next argument that should be passed as first parameter. When there
+ * is no more argument to be dequoted, "next" is updated to point to NULL.
+ */
+extern char *sq_dequote_step(char *arg, char **next);
+extern int sq_dequote_to_argv(char *arg, const char ***argv, int *nr, int *alloc);
+
+extern int unquote_c_style(struct strbuf *, const char *quoted, const char **endp);
+extern size_t quote_c_style(const char *name, struct strbuf *, FILE *, int no_dq);
+extern void quote_two_c_style(struct strbuf *, const char *, const char *, int);
+
+extern void write_name_quoted(const char *name, FILE *, int terminator);
+extern void write_name_quotedpfx(const char *pfx, size_t pfxlen,
+                                 const char *name, FILE *, int terminator);
 
-extern void write_name_quoted(const char *prefix, int prefix_len,
-			      const char *name, int quote, FILE *out);
+/* quote path as relative to the given prefix */
+char *quote_path_relative(const char *in, int len,
+			  struct strbuf *out, const char *prefix);
 
 /* quoting as a string literal for other languages */
 extern void perl_quote_print(FILE *stream, const char *src);
diff --git a/reachable.c b/reachable.c
index ff3dd34962..b515fa2de3 100644
--- a/reachable.c
+++ b/reachable.c
@@ -15,12 +15,22 @@ static void process_blob(struct blob *blob,
 {
 	struct object *obj = &blob->object;
 
+	if (!blob)
+		die("bad blob object");
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 	/* Nothing to do, really .. The blob lookup was the important part */
 }
 
+static void process_gitlink(const unsigned char *sha1,
+			    struct object_array *p,
+			    struct name_path *path,
+			    const char *name)
+{
+	/* I don't think we want to recurse into this, really. */
+}
+
 static void process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 			 struct object_array *p,
 			 struct name_path *path,
@@ -31,12 +41,13 @@ static void process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	struct name_path me;
 
+	if (!tree)
+		die("bad tree object");
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	name = xstrdup(name);
 	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
 	me.up = path;
 	me.elem = name;
@@ -47,6 +58,8 @@ static void process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			process_tree(lookup_tree(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path);
+		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
+			process_gitlink(entry.sha1, p, &me, entry.path);
 		else
 			process_blob(lookup_blob(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path);
 	}
@@ -69,7 +82,8 @@ static void process_tag(struct tag *tag, struct object_array *p, const char *nam
 
 	if (parse_tag(tag) < 0)
 		die("bad tag object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	add_object(tag->tagged, p, NULL, name);
+	if (tag->tagged)
+		add_object(tag->tagged, p, NULL, name);
 }
 
 static void walk_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
@@ -140,7 +154,8 @@ static int add_one_reflog(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 static void add_one_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(sha1);
-	add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
+	if (tree)
+		add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
 }
 
 static void add_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it, struct rev_info *revs)
@@ -159,6 +174,16 @@ static void add_cache_refs(struct rev_info *revs)
 
 	read_cache();
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		/*
+		 * The index can contain blobs and GITLINKs, GITLINKs are hashes
+		 * that don't actually point to objects in the repository, it's
+		 * almost guaranteed that they are NOT blobs, so we don't call
+		 * lookup_blob() on them, to avoid populating the hash table
+		 * with invalid information
+		 */
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[i]->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
 		lookup_blob(active_cache[i]->sha1);
 		/*
 		 * We could add the blobs to the pending list, but quite
@@ -195,6 +220,7 @@ void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog)
 	 * Set up the revision walk - this will move all commits
 	 * from the pending list to the commit walking list.
 	 */
-	prepare_revision_walk(revs);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	walk_commit_list(revs);
 }
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 54573ce2ee..4e3e272ee4 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -3,8 +3,17 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "blob.h"
 
 /* Index extensions.
  *
@@ -18,14 +27,38 @@
 #define CACHE_EXT(s) ( (s[0]<<24)|(s[1]<<16)|(s[2]<<8)|(s[3]) )
 #define CACHE_EXT_TREE 0x54524545	/* "TREE" */
 
-struct cache_entry **active_cache;
-static time_t index_file_timestamp;
-unsigned int active_nr, active_alloc, active_cache_changed;
+struct index_state the_index;
 
-struct cache_tree *active_cache_tree;
+static void set_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	istate->cache[nr] = ce;
+	add_name_hash(istate, ce);
+}
+
+static void replace_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *old = istate->cache[nr];
 
-static void *cache_mmap;
-static size_t cache_mmap_size;
+	remove_name_hash(old);
+	set_index_entry(istate, nr, ce);
+	istate->cache_changed = 1;
+}
+
+void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int nr, const char *new_name)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *old = istate->cache[nr], *new;
+	int namelen = strlen(new_name);
+
+	new = xmalloc(cache_entry_size(namelen));
+	copy_cache_entry(new, old);
+	new->ce_flags &= ~(CE_STATE_MASK | CE_NAMEMASK);
+	new->ce_flags |= (namelen >= CE_NAMEMASK ? CE_NAMEMASK : namelen);
+	memcpy(new->name, new_name, namelen + 1);
+
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate->cache_tree, old->name);
+	remove_index_entry_at(istate, nr);
+	add_index_entry(istate, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+}
 
 /*
  * This only updates the "non-critical" parts of the directory
@@ -34,20 +67,21 @@ static size_t cache_mmap_size;
  */
 void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
-	ce->ce_ctime.sec = htonl(st->st_ctime);
-	ce->ce_mtime.sec = htonl(st->st_mtime);
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = htonl(st->st_ctim.tv_nsec);
-	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = htonl(st->st_mtim.tv_nsec);
-#endif
-	ce->ce_dev = htonl(st->st_dev);
-	ce->ce_ino = htonl(st->st_ino);
-	ce->ce_uid = htonl(st->st_uid);
-	ce->ce_gid = htonl(st->st_gid);
-	ce->ce_size = htonl(st->st_size);
+	ce->ce_ctime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_ctime;
+	ce->ce_mtime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_mtime;
+	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st);
+	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st);
+	ce->ce_dev = st->st_dev;
+	ce->ce_ino = st->st_ino;
+	ce->ce_uid = st->st_uid;
+	ce->ce_gid = st->st_gid;
+	ce->ce_size = st->st_size;
 
 	if (assume_unchanged)
-		ce->ce_flags |= htons(CE_VALID);
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
+		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
 }
 
 static int ce_compare_data(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
@@ -67,30 +101,41 @@ static int ce_compare_data(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 static int ce_compare_link(struct cache_entry *ce, size_t expected_size)
 {
 	int match = -1;
-	char *target;
 	void *buffer;
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
-	int len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	target = xmalloc(expected_size);
-	len = readlink(ce->name, target, expected_size);
-	if (len != expected_size) {
-		free(target);
+	if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, ce->name, expected_size))
 		return -1;
-	}
+
 	buffer = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!buffer) {
-		free(target);
-		return -1;
+	if (buffer) {
+		if (size == sb.len)
+			match = memcmp(buffer, sb.buf, size);
+		free(buffer);
 	}
-	if (size == expected_size)
-		match = memcmp(buffer, target, size);
-	free(buffer);
-	free(target);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return match;
 }
 
+static int ce_compare_gitlink(struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't actually require that the .git directory
+	 * under GITLINK directory be a valid git directory. It
+	 * might even be missing (in case nobody populated that
+	 * sub-project).
+	 *
+	 * If so, we consider it always to match.
+	 */
+	if (resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+		return 0;
+	return hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1);
+}
+
 static int ce_modified_check_fs(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
@@ -102,24 +147,40 @@ static int ce_modified_check_fs(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 		if (ce_compare_link(ce, xsize_t(st->st_size)))
 			return DATA_CHANGED;
 		break;
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return ce_compare_gitlink(ce) ? DATA_CHANGED : 0;
 	default:
 		return TYPE_CHANGED;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static const unsigned char empty_blob_sha1[20] = {
+		0xe6,0x9d,0xe2,0x9b,0xb2,0xd1,0xd6,0x43,0x4b,0x8b,
+		0x29,0xae,0x77,0x5a,0xd8,0xc2,0xe4,0x8c,0x53,0x91
+	};
+
+	return !hashcmp(sha1, empty_blob_sha1);
+}
+
 static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
 	unsigned int changed = 0;
 
-	switch (ntohl(ce->ce_mode) & S_IFMT) {
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
+		return MODE_CHANGED | DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED;
+
+	switch (ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFREG:
 		changed |= !S_ISREG(st->st_mode) ? TYPE_CHANGED : 0;
 		/* We consider only the owner x bit to be relevant for
 		 * "mode changes"
 		 */
 		if (trust_executable_bit &&
-		    (0100 & (ntohl(ce->ce_mode) ^ st->st_mode)))
+		    (0100 & (ce->ce_mode ^ st->st_mode)))
 			changed |= MODE_CHANGED;
 		break;
 	case S_IFLNK:
@@ -127,30 +188,32 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 		    (has_symlinks || !S_ISREG(st->st_mode)))
 			changed |= TYPE_CHANGED;
 		break;
+	case S_IFGITLINK:
+		/* We ignore most of the st_xxx fields for gitlinks */
+		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
+			changed |= TYPE_CHANGED;
+		else if (ce_compare_gitlink(ce))
+			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
+		return changed;
 	default:
-		die("internal error: ce_mode is %o", ntohl(ce->ce_mode));
+		die("internal error: ce_mode is %o", ce->ce_mode);
 	}
-	if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != htonl(st->st_mtime))
+	if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_mtime)
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (ce->ce_ctime.sec != htonl(st->st_ctime))
+	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
-	/*
-	 * nsec seems unreliable - not all filesystems support it, so
-	 * as long as it is in the inode cache you get right nsec
-	 * but after it gets flushed, you get zero nsec.
-	 */
-	if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != htonl(st->st_mtim.tv_nsec))
+	if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (ce->ce_ctime.nsec != htonl(st->st_ctim.tv_nsec))
+	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
-#endif	
+#endif
 
-	if (ce->ce_uid != htonl(st->st_uid) ||
-	    ce->ce_gid != htonl(st->st_gid))
+	if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
+	    ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
 		changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
-	if (ce->ce_ino != htonl(st->st_ino))
+	if (ce->ce_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
 		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
 
 #ifdef USE_STDEV
@@ -159,29 +222,60 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	 * clients will have different views of what "device"
 	 * the filesystem is on
 	 */
-	if (ce->ce_dev != htonl(st->st_dev))
+	if (ce->ce_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
 		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
 #endif
 
-	if (ce->ce_size != htonl(st->st_size))
+	if (ce->ce_size != (unsigned int) st->st_size)
 		changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
 
+	/* Racily smudged entry? */
+	if (!ce->ce_size) {
+		if (!is_empty_blob_sha1(ce->sha1))
+			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
+	}
+
 	return changed;
 }
 
-int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int options)
+static int is_racy_timestamp(const struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	return (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+		istate->timestamp.sec &&
+#ifdef USE_NSEC
+		 /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */
+		(istate->timestamp.sec < ce->ce_mtime.sec ||
+		 (istate->timestamp.sec == ce->ce_mtime.sec &&
+		  istate->timestamp.nsec <= ce->ce_mtime.nsec))
+#else
+		istate->timestamp.sec <= ce->ce_mtime.sec
+#endif
+		 );
+}
+
+int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
+		  struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st,
+		  unsigned int options)
 {
 	unsigned int changed;
-	int ignore_valid = options & 01;
-	int assume_racy_is_modified = options & 02;
+	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
+	int assume_racy_is_modified = options & CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
 
 	/*
 	 * If it's marked as always valid in the index, it's
 	 * valid whatever the checked-out copy says.
 	 */
-	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & htons(CE_VALID)))
+	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Intent-to-add entries have not been added, so the index entry
+	 * by definition never matches what is in the work tree until it
+	 * actually gets added.
+	 */
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+		return DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED | MODE_CHANGED;
+
 	changed = ce_match_stat_basic(ce, st);
 
 	/*
@@ -200,9 +294,7 @@ int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int options)
 	 * whose mtime are the same as the index file timestamp more
 	 * carefully than others.
 	 */
-	if (!changed &&
-	    index_file_timestamp &&
-	    index_file_timestamp <= ntohl(ce->ce_mtime.sec)) {
+	if (!changed && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce)) {
 		if (assume_racy_is_modified)
 			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
 		else
@@ -212,10 +304,12 @@ int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int options)
 	return changed;
 }
 
-int ce_modified(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int really)
+int ie_modified(const struct index_state *istate,
+		struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, unsigned int options)
 {
 	int changed, changed_fs;
-	changed = ce_match_stat(ce, st, really);
+
+	changed = ie_match_stat(istate, ce, st, options);
 	if (!changed)
 		return 0;
 	/*
@@ -225,11 +319,22 @@ int ce_modified(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st, int really)
 	if (changed & (MODE_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED))
 		return changed;
 
-	/* Immediately after read-tree or update-index --cacheinfo,
-	 * the length field is zero.  For other cases the ce_size
-	 * should match the SHA1 recorded in the index entry.
+	/*
+	 * Immediately after read-tree or update-index --cacheinfo,
+	 * the length field is zero, as we have never even read the
+	 * lstat(2) information once, and we cannot trust DATA_CHANGED
+	 * returned by ie_match_stat() which in turn was returned by
+	 * ce_match_stat_basic() to signal that the filesize of the
+	 * blob changed.  We have to actually go to the filesystem to
+	 * see if the contents match, and if so, should answer "unchanged".
+	 *
+	 * The logic does not apply to gitlinks, as ce_match_stat_basic()
+	 * already has checked the actual HEAD from the filesystem in the
+	 * subproject.  If ie_match_stat() already said it is different,
+	 * then we know it is.
 	 */
-	if ((changed & DATA_CHANGED) && ce->ce_size != htonl(0))
+	if ((changed & DATA_CHANGED) &&
+	    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) || ce->ce_size != 0))
 		return changed;
 
 	changed_fs = ce_modified_check_fs(ce, st);
@@ -257,6 +362,41 @@ int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1,
 	return (c1 < c2) ? -1 : (c1 > c2) ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * df_name_compare() is identical to base_name_compare(), except it
+ * compares conflicting directory/file entries as equal. Note that
+ * while a directory name compares as equal to a regular file, they
+ * then individually compare _differently_ to a filename that has
+ * a dot after the basename (because '\0' < '.' < '/').
+ *
+ * This is used by routines that want to traverse the git namespace
+ * but then handle conflicting entries together when possible.
+ */
+int df_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1,
+		    const char *name2, int len2, int mode2)
+{
+	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2, cmp;
+	unsigned char c1, c2;
+
+	cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	/* Directories and files compare equal (same length, same name) */
+	if (len1 == len2)
+		return 0;
+	c1 = name1[len];
+	if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
+		c1 = '/';
+	c2 = name2[len];
+	if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
+		c2 = '/';
+	if (c1 == '/' && !c2)
+		return 0;
+	if (c2 == '/' && !c1)
+		return 0;
+	return c1 - c2;
+}
+
 int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int flags1, const char *name2, int flags2)
 {
 	int len1 = flags1 & CE_NAMEMASK;
@@ -283,16 +423,16 @@ int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int flags1, const char *name2, int fla
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen)
+int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
 	int first, last;
 
 	first = 0;
-	last = active_nr;
+	last = istate->cache_nr;
 	while (last > first) {
 		int next = (last + first) >> 1;
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[next];
-		int cmp = cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[next];
+		int cmp = cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
 		if (!cmp)
 			return next;
 		if (cmp < 0) {
@@ -305,68 +445,230 @@ int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen)
 }
 
 /* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go.. */
-int remove_cache_entry_at(int pos)
+int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 {
-	active_cache_changed = 1;
-	active_nr--;
-	if (pos >= active_nr)
+	struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
+
+	remove_name_hash(ce);
+	istate->cache_changed = 1;
+	istate->cache_nr--;
+	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr)
 		return 0;
-	memmove(active_cache + pos, active_cache + pos + 1, (active_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+	memmove(istate->cache + pos,
+		istate->cache + pos + 1,
+		(istate->cache_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int remove_file_from_cache(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Remove all cache ententries marked for removal, that is where
+ * CE_REMOVE is set in ce_flags.  This is much more effective than
+ * calling remove_index_entry_at() for each entry to be removed.
+ */
+void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	struct cache_entry **ce_array = istate->cache;
+	unsigned int i, j;
+
+	for (i = j = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		if (ce_array[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
+			remove_name_hash(ce_array[i]);
+		else
+			ce_array[j++] = ce_array[i];
+	}
+	istate->cache_changed = 1;
+	istate->cache_nr = j;
+}
+
+int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
-	while (pos < active_nr && !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, path))
-		remove_cache_entry_at(pos);
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate->cache_tree, path);
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr && !strcmp(istate->cache[pos]->name, path))
+		remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int add_file_to_cache(const char *path, int verbose)
+static int compare_name(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *path, int namelen)
 {
-	int size, namelen;
-	struct stat st;
+	return namelen != ce_namelen(ce) || memcmp(path, ce->name, namelen);
+}
+
+static int index_name_pos_also_unmerged(struct index_state *istate,
+	const char *path, int namelen)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die("%s: unable to stat (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
+	if (pos >= 0)
+		return pos;
+
+	/* maybe unmerged? */
+	pos = -1 - pos;
+	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr ||
+			compare_name((ce = istate->cache[pos]), path, namelen))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* order of preference: stage 2, 1, 3 */
+	if (ce_stage(ce) == 1 && pos + 1 < istate->cache_nr &&
+			ce_stage((ce = istate->cache[pos + 1])) == 2 &&
+			!compare_name(ce, path, namelen))
+		pos++;
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static int different_name(struct cache_entry *ce, struct cache_entry *alias)
+{
+	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+	return ce_namelen(alias) != len || memcmp(ce->name, alias->name, len);
+}
 
-	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
-		die("%s: can only add regular files or symbolic links", path);
+/*
+ * If we add a filename that aliases in the cache, we will use the
+ * name that we already have - but we don't want to update the same
+ * alias twice, because that implies that there were actually two
+ * different files with aliasing names!
+ *
+ * So we use the CE_ADDED flag to verify that the alias was an old
+ * one before we accept it as
+ */
+static struct cache_entry *create_alias_ce(struct cache_entry *ce, struct cache_entry *alias)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct cache_entry *new;
+
+	if (alias->ce_flags & CE_ADDED)
+		die("Will not add file alias '%s' ('%s' already exists in index)", ce->name, alias->name);
+
+	/* Ok, create the new entry using the name of the existing alias */
+	len = ce_namelen(alias);
+	new = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
+	memcpy(new->name, alias->name, len);
+	copy_cache_entry(new, ce);
+	free(ce);
+	return new;
+}
+
+static void record_intent_to_add(struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	if (write_sha1_file("", 0, blob_type, sha1))
+		die("cannot create an empty blob in the object database");
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+}
+
+int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st, int flags)
+{
+	int size, namelen, was_same;
+	mode_t st_mode = st->st_mode;
+	struct cache_entry *ce, *alias;
+	unsigned ce_option = CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
+	int verbose = flags & (ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE | ADD_CACHE_PRETEND);
+	int pretend = flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND;
+	int intent_only = flags & ADD_CACHE_INTENT;
+	int add_option = (ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE|
+			  (intent_only ? ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY : 0));
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st_mode) && !S_ISDIR(st_mode))
+		return error("%s: can only add regular files, symbolic links or git-directories", path);
 
 	namelen = strlen(path);
+	if (S_ISDIR(st_mode)) {
+		while (namelen && path[namelen-1] == '/')
+			namelen--;
+	}
 	size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_flags = htons(namelen);
-	fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
+	ce->ce_flags = namelen;
+	if (!intent_only)
+		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
+	else
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
 
 	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks)
-		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st.st_mode);
+		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st_mode);
 	else {
 		/* If there is an existing entry, pick the mode bits and type
 		 * from it, otherwise assume unexecutable regular file.
 		 */
 		struct cache_entry *ent;
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
+		int pos = index_name_pos_also_unmerged(istate, path, namelen);
 
-		ent = (0 <= pos) ? active_cache[pos] : NULL;
-		ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ent, st.st_mode);
+		ent = (0 <= pos) ? istate->cache[pos] : NULL;
+		ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ent, st_mode);
 	}
 
-	if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, &st, 1))
-		die("unable to index file %s", path);
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE))
-		die("unable to add %s to index",path);
-	if (verbose)
+	alias = index_name_exists(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ignore_case);
+	if (alias && !ce_stage(alias) && !ie_match_stat(istate, alias, st, ce_option)) {
+		/* Nothing changed, really */
+		free(ce);
+		ce_mark_uptodate(alias);
+		alias->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!intent_only) {
+		if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, st, 1))
+			return error("unable to index file %s", path);
+	} else
+		record_intent_to_add(ce);
+
+	if (ignore_case && alias && different_name(ce, alias))
+		ce = create_alias_ce(ce, alias);
+	ce->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
+
+	/* It was suspected to be racily clean, but it turns out to be Ok */
+	was_same = (alias &&
+		    !ce_stage(alias) &&
+		    !hashcmp(alias->sha1, ce->sha1) &&
+		    ce->ce_mode == alias->ce_mode);
+
+	if (pretend)
+		;
+	else if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, add_option))
+		return error("unable to add %s to index",path);
+	if (verbose && !was_same)
 		printf("add '%s'\n", path);
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int flags)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	if (lstat(path, &st))
+		die_errno("unable to stat '%s'", path);
+	return add_to_index(istate, path, &st, flags);
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode,
+		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage,
+		int refresh)
+{
+	int size, len;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (!verify_path(path)) {
+		error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	size = cache_entry_size(len);
+	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+
+	if (refresh)
+		return refresh_cache_entry(ce, 0);
+
+	return ce;
+}
+
 int ce_same_name(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b)
 {
 	int len = ce_namelen(a);
@@ -467,15 +769,16 @@ inside:
  * Do we have another file that has the beginning components being a
  * proper superset of the name we're trying to add?
  */
-static int has_file_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
+static int has_file_name(struct index_state *istate,
+			 const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
 {
 	int retval = 0;
 	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
 	int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 	const char *name = ce->name;
 
-	while (pos < active_nr) {
-		struct cache_entry *p = active_cache[pos++];
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *p = istate->cache[pos++];
 
 		if (len >= ce_namelen(p))
 			break;
@@ -485,12 +788,12 @@ static int has_file_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replac
 			continue;
 		if (p->name[len] != '/')
 			continue;
-		if (!ce_stage(p) && !p->ce_mode)
+		if (p->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue;
 		retval = -1;
 		if (!ok_to_replace)
 			break;
-		remove_cache_entry_at(--pos);
+		remove_index_entry_at(istate, --pos);
 	}
 	return retval;
 }
@@ -499,7 +802,8 @@ static int has_file_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replac
  * Do we have another file with a pathname that is a proper
  * subset of the name we're trying to add?
  */
-static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
+static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
+			const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
 {
 	int retval = 0;
 	int stage = ce_stage(ce);
@@ -517,7 +821,7 @@ static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace
 		}
 		len = slash - name;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(name, ntohs(create_ce_flags(len, stage)));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, create_ce_flags(len, stage));
 		if (pos >= 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Found one, but not so fast.  This could
@@ -527,11 +831,11 @@ static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace
 			 * it is Ok to have a directory at the same
 			 * path.
 			 */
-			if (stage || active_cache[pos]->ce_mode) {
+			if (!(istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)) {
 				retval = -1;
 				if (!ok_to_replace)
 					break;
-				remove_cache_entry_at(pos);
+				remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
@@ -543,14 +847,15 @@ static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace
 		 * already matches the sub-directory, then we know
 		 * we're ok, and we can exit.
 		 */
-		while (pos < active_nr) {
-			struct cache_entry *p = active_cache[pos];
+		while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
+			struct cache_entry *p = istate->cache[pos];
 			if ((ce_namelen(p) <= len) ||
 			    (p->name[len] != '/') ||
 			    memcmp(p->name, name, len))
 				break; /* not our subdirectory */
-			if (ce_stage(p) == stage && (stage || p->ce_mode))
-				/* p is at the same stage as our entry, and
+			if (ce_stage(p) == stage && !(p->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE))
+				/*
+				 * p is at the same stage as our entry, and
 				 * is a subdirectory of what we are looking
 				 * at, so we cannot have conflicts at our
 				 * level or anything shorter.
@@ -566,19 +871,21 @@ static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace
  * is being added, or we already have path and path/file is being
  * added.  Either one would result in a nonsense tree that has path
  * twice when git-write-tree tries to write it out.  Prevent it.
- * 
+ *
  * If ok-to-replace is specified, we remove the conflicting entries
  * from the cache so the caller should recompute the insert position.
  * When this happens, we return non-zero.
  */
-static int check_file_directory_conflict(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
+static int check_file_directory_conflict(struct index_state *istate,
+					 const struct cache_entry *ce,
+					 int pos, int ok_to_replace)
 {
 	int retval;
 
 	/*
 	 * When ce is an "I am going away" entry, we allow it to be added
 	 */
-	if (!ce_stage(ce) && !ce->ce_mode)
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -586,28 +893,30 @@ static int check_file_directory_conflict(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
 	 * first, since removing those will not change the position
 	 * in the array.
 	 */
-	retval = has_file_name(ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
+	retval = has_file_name(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
 
 	/*
 	 * Then check if the path might have a clashing sub-directory
 	 * before it.
 	 */
-	return retval + has_dir_name(ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
+	return retval + has_dir_name(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
 }
 
-int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
+static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
 {
 	int pos;
 	int ok_to_add = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD;
 	int ok_to_replace = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE;
 	int skip_df_check = option & ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK;
+	int new_only = option & ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY;
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate->cache_tree, ce->name);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
 
 	/* existing match? Just replace it. */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
-		active_cache_changed = 1;
-		active_cache[pos] = ce;
+		if (!new_only)
+			replace_index_entry(istate, pos, ce);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	pos = -pos-1;
@@ -616,10 +925,10 @@ int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
 	 * Inserting a merged entry ("stage 0") into the index
 	 * will always replace all non-merged entries..
 	 */
-	if (pos < active_nr && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
-		while (ce_same_name(active_cache[pos], ce)) {
+	if (pos < istate->cache_nr && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
+		while (ce_same_name(istate->cache[pos], ce)) {
 			ok_to_add = 1;
-			if (!remove_cache_entry_at(pos))
+			if (!remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos))
 				break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -627,28 +936,48 @@ int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
 	if (!ok_to_add)
 		return -1;
 	if (!verify_path(ce->name))
-		return -1;
+		return error("Invalid path '%s'", ce->name);
 
 	if (!skip_df_check &&
-	    check_file_directory_conflict(ce, pos, ok_to_replace)) {
+	    check_file_directory_conflict(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace)) {
 		if (!ok_to_replace)
-			return error("'%s' appears as both a file and as a directory", ce->name);
-		pos = cache_name_pos(ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));
+			return error("'%s' appears as both a file and as a directory",
+				     ce->name);
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
 		pos = -pos-1;
 	}
+	return pos + 1;
+}
+
+int add_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
+{
+	int pos;
+
+	if (option & ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND)
+		pos = istate->cache_nr;
+	else {
+		int ret;
+		ret = add_index_entry_with_check(istate, ce, option);
+		if (ret <= 0)
+			return ret;
+		pos = ret - 1;
+	}
 
 	/* Make sure the array is big enough .. */
-	if (active_nr == active_alloc) {
-		active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_alloc);
-		active_cache = xrealloc(active_cache, active_alloc * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+	if (istate->cache_nr == istate->cache_alloc) {
+		istate->cache_alloc = alloc_nr(istate->cache_alloc);
+		istate->cache = xrealloc(istate->cache,
+					istate->cache_alloc * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
 	}
 
 	/* Add it in.. */
-	active_nr++;
-	if (active_nr > pos)
-		memmove(active_cache + pos + 1, active_cache + pos, (active_nr - pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
-	active_cache[pos] = ce;
-	active_cache_changed = 1;
+	istate->cache_nr++;
+	if (istate->cache_nr > pos + 1)
+		memmove(istate->cache + pos + 1,
+			istate->cache + pos,
+			(istate->cache_nr - pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
+	set_index_entry(istate, pos, ce);
+	istate->cache_changed = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -663,11 +992,26 @@ int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
  * For example, you'd want to do this after doing a "git-read-tree",
  * to link up the stat cache details with the proper files.
  */
-static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct cache_entry *ce, int really, int *err)
+static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
+					     struct cache_entry *ce,
+					     unsigned int options, int *err)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	struct cache_entry *updated;
 	int changed, size;
+	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
+
+	if (ce_uptodate(ce))
+		return ce;
+
+	/*
+	 * CE_VALID means the user promised us that the change to
+	 * the work tree does not matter and told us not to worry.
+	 */
+	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
+		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+		return ce;
+	}
 
 	if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
 		if (err)
@@ -675,16 +1019,30 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct cache_entry *ce, int really,
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, really);
+	changed = ie_match_stat(istate, ce, &st, options);
 	if (!changed) {
-		if (really && assume_unchanged &&
-		    !(ce->ce_flags & htons(CE_VALID)))
+		/*
+		 * The path is unchanged.  If we were told to ignore
+		 * valid bit, then we did the actual stat check and
+		 * found that the entry is unmodified.  If the entry
+		 * is not marked VALID, this is the place to mark it
+		 * valid again, under "assume unchanged" mode.
+		 */
+		if (ignore_valid && assume_unchanged &&
+		    !(ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
 			; /* mark this one VALID again */
-		else
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * We do not mark the index itself "modified"
+			 * because CE_UPTODATE flag is in-core only;
+			 * we are not going to write this change out.
+			 */
+			ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
 			return ce;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (ce_modified(ce, &st, really)) {
+	if (ie_modified(istate, ce, &st, options)) {
 		if (err)
 			*err = EINVAL;
 		return NULL;
@@ -694,20 +1052,20 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct cache_entry *ce, int really,
 	updated = xmalloc(size);
 	memcpy(updated, ce, size);
 	fill_stat_cache_info(updated, &st);
-
-	/* In this case, if really is not set, we should leave
-	 * CE_VALID bit alone.  Otherwise, paths marked with
-	 * --no-assume-unchanged (i.e. things to be edited) will
-	 * reacquire CE_VALID bit automatically, which is not
-	 * really what we want.
+	/*
+	 * If ignore_valid is not set, we should leave CE_VALID bit
+	 * alone.  Otherwise, paths marked with --no-assume-unchanged
+	 * (i.e. things to be edited) will reacquire CE_VALID bit
+	 * automatically, which is not really what we want.
 	 */
-	if (!really && assume_unchanged && !(ce->ce_flags & htons(CE_VALID)))
-		updated->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_VALID);
+	if (!ignore_valid && assume_unchanged &&
+	    !(ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
+		updated->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
 
 	return updated;
 }
 
-int refresh_cache(unsigned int flags)
+int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen)
 {
 	int i;
 	int has_errors = 0;
@@ -715,15 +1073,23 @@ int refresh_cache(unsigned int flags)
 	int allow_unmerged = (flags & REFRESH_UNMERGED) != 0;
 	int quiet = (flags & REFRESH_QUIET) != 0;
 	int not_new = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING) != 0;
+	int ignore_submodules = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES) != 0;
+	unsigned int options = really ? CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID : 0;
+	const char *needs_update_message;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+	needs_update_message = ((flags & REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED)
+				? "locally modified" : "needs update");
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce, *new;
 		int cache_errno = 0;
 
-		ce = active_cache[i];
+		ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (ignore_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
-			while ((i < active_nr) &&
-			       ! strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, ce->name))
+			while ((i < istate->cache_nr) &&
+			       ! strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, ce->name))
 				i++;
 			i--;
 			if (allow_unmerged)
@@ -733,7 +1099,10 @@ int refresh_cache(unsigned int flags)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		new = refresh_cache_ent(ce, really, &cache_errno);
+		if (pathspec && !match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, strlen(ce->name), 0, seen))
+			continue;
+
+		new = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno);
 		if (new == ce)
 			continue;
 		if (!new) {
@@ -743,51 +1112,49 @@ int refresh_cache(unsigned int flags)
 				/* If we are doing --really-refresh that
 				 * means the index is not valid anymore.
 				 */
-				ce->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_VALID);
-				active_cache_changed = 1;
+				ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
+				istate->cache_changed = 1;
 			}
 			if (quiet)
 				continue;
-			printf("%s: needs update\n", ce->name);
+			printf("%s: %s\n", ce->name, needs_update_message);
 			has_errors = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		active_cache_changed = 1;
-		/* You can NOT just free active_cache[i] here, since it
-		 * might not be necessarily malloc()ed but can also come
-		 * from mmap(). */
-		active_cache[i] = new;
+
+		replace_index_entry(istate, i, new);
 	}
 	return has_errors;
 }
 
 struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int really)
 {
-	return refresh_cache_ent(ce, really, NULL);
+	return refresh_cache_ent(&the_index, ce, really, NULL);
 }
 
 static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
 {
-	SHA_CTX c;
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
 		return error("bad signature");
-	if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2))
+	if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2) && hdr->hdr_version != htonl(3))
 		return error("bad index version");
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
 	if (hashcmp(sha1, (unsigned char *)hdr + size - 20))
 		return error("bad index file sha1 signature");
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int read_index_extension(const char *ext, void *data, unsigned long sz)
+static int read_index_extension(struct index_state *istate,
+				const char *ext, void *data, unsigned long sz)
 {
 	switch (CACHE_EXT(ext)) {
 	case CACHE_EXT_TREE:
-		active_cache_tree = cache_tree_read(data, sz);
+		istate->cache_tree = cache_tree_read(data, sz);
 		break;
 	default:
 		if (*ext < 'A' || 'Z' < *ext)
@@ -799,59 +1166,142 @@ static int read_index_extension(const char *ext, void *data, unsigned long sz)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int read_cache(void)
+int read_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	return read_index_from(istate, get_index_file());
+}
+
+static void convert_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	return read_cache_from(get_index_file());
+	size_t len;
+	const char *name;
+
+	ce->ce_ctime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.sec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.sec);
+	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.nsec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.nsec);
+	ce->ce_dev   = ntohl(ondisk->dev);
+	ce->ce_ino   = ntohl(ondisk->ino);
+	ce->ce_mode  = ntohl(ondisk->mode);
+	ce->ce_uid   = ntohl(ondisk->uid);
+	ce->ce_gid   = ntohl(ondisk->gid);
+	ce->ce_size  = ntohl(ondisk->size);
+	/* On-disk flags are just 16 bits */
+	ce->ce_flags = ntohs(ondisk->flags);
+
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, ondisk->sha1);
+
+	len = ce->ce_flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
+
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
+		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
+		int extended_flags;
+		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
+		extended_flags = ntohs(ondisk2->flags2) << 16;
+		/* We do not yet understand any bit out of CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS */
+		if (extended_flags & ~CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS)
+			die("Unknown index entry format %08x", extended_flags);
+		ce->ce_flags |= extended_flags;
+		name = ondisk2->name;
+	}
+	else
+		name = ondisk->name;
+
+	if (len == CE_NAMEMASK)
+		len = strlen(name);
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: If the original index is crafted, this copy could
+	 * go unchecked.
+	 */
+	memcpy(ce->name, name, len + 1);
+}
+
+static inline size_t estimate_cache_size(size_t ondisk_size, unsigned int entries)
+{
+	long per_entry;
+
+	per_entry = sizeof(struct cache_entry) - sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry);
+
+	/*
+	 * Alignment can cause differences. This should be "alignof", but
+	 * since that's a gcc'ism, just use the size of a pointer.
+	 */
+	per_entry += sizeof(void *);
+	return ondisk_size + entries*per_entry;
 }
 
 /* remember to discard_cache() before reading a different cache! */
-int read_cache_from(const char *path)
+int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	int fd, i;
 	struct stat st;
-	unsigned long offset;
+	unsigned long src_offset, dst_offset;
 	struct cache_header *hdr;
+	void *mmap;
+	size_t mmap_size;
 
 	errno = EBUSY;
-	if (cache_mmap)
-		return active_nr;
+	if (istate->initialized)
+		return istate->cache_nr;
 
 	errno = ENOENT;
-	index_file_timestamp = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (errno == ENOENT)
 			return 0;
-		die("index file open failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("index file open failed");
 	}
 
-	if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
-		cache_mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-		errno = EINVAL;
-		if (cache_mmap_size >= sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
-			cache_mmap = xmmap(NULL, cache_mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-		else
-			die("index file smaller than expected");
-	} else
-		die("cannot stat the open index (%s)", strerror(errno));
+	if (fstat(fd, &st))
+		die_errno("cannot stat the open index");
+
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
+		die("index file smaller than expected");
+
+	mmap = xmmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
+	if (mmap == MAP_FAILED)
+		die_errno("unable to map index file");
 
-	hdr = cache_mmap;
-	if (verify_hdr(hdr, cache_mmap_size) < 0)
+	hdr = mmap;
+	if (verify_hdr(hdr, mmap_size) < 0)
 		goto unmap;
 
-	active_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
-	active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_nr);
-	active_cache = xcalloc(active_alloc, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+	istate->cache_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
+	istate->cache_alloc = alloc_nr(istate->cache_nr);
+	istate->cache = xcalloc(istate->cache_alloc, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
 
-	offset = sizeof(*hdr);
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = (struct cache_entry *) ((char *) cache_mmap + offset);
-		offset = offset + ce_size(ce);
-		active_cache[i] = ce;
+	/*
+	 * The disk format is actually larger than the in-memory format,
+	 * due to space for nsec etc, so even though the in-memory one
+	 * has room for a few  more flags, we can allocate using the same
+	 * index size
+	 */
+	istate->alloc = xmalloc(estimate_cache_size(mmap_size, istate->cache_nr));
+	istate->initialized = 1;
+
+	src_offset = sizeof(*hdr);
+	dst_offset = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct ondisk_cache_entry *disk_ce;
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+		disk_ce = (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)((char *)mmap + src_offset);
+		ce = (struct cache_entry *)((char *)istate->alloc + dst_offset);
+		convert_from_disk(disk_ce, ce);
+		set_index_entry(istate, i, ce);
+
+		src_offset += ondisk_ce_size(ce);
+		dst_offset += ce_size(ce);
 	}
-	index_file_timestamp = st.st_mtime;
-	while (offset <= cache_mmap_size - 20 - 8) {
+	istate->timestamp.sec = st.st_mtime;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+
+	while (src_offset <= mmap_size - 20 - 8) {
 		/* After an array of active_nr index entries,
 		 * there can be arbitrary number of extended
 		 * sections, each of which is prefixed with
@@ -859,49 +1309,66 @@ int read_cache_from(const char *path)
 		 * in 4-byte network byte order.
 		 */
 		unsigned long extsize;
-		memcpy(&extsize, (char *) cache_mmap + offset + 4, 4);
+		memcpy(&extsize, (char *)mmap + src_offset + 4, 4);
 		extsize = ntohl(extsize);
-		if (read_index_extension(((const char *) cache_mmap) + offset,
-					 (char *) cache_mmap + offset + 8,
+		if (read_index_extension(istate,
+					 (const char *) mmap + src_offset,
+					 (char *) mmap + src_offset + 8,
 					 extsize) < 0)
 			goto unmap;
-		offset += 8;
-		offset += extsize;
+		src_offset += 8;
+		src_offset += extsize;
 	}
-	return active_nr;
+	munmap(mmap, mmap_size);
+	return istate->cache_nr;
 
 unmap:
-	munmap(cache_mmap, cache_mmap_size);
+	munmap(mmap, mmap_size);
 	errno = EINVAL;
 	die("index file corrupt");
 }
 
-int discard_cache(void)
+int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	int ret;
+	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->alloc && !istate->timestamp.sec);
+}
 
-	active_nr = active_cache_changed = 0;
-	index_file_timestamp = 0;
-	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
-	if (cache_mmap == NULL)
-		return 0;
-	ret = munmap(cache_mmap, cache_mmap_size);
-	cache_mmap = NULL;
-	cache_mmap_size = 0;
+int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	istate->cache_nr = 0;
+	istate->cache_changed = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
+	istate->name_hash_initialized = 0;
+	free_hash(&istate->name_hash);
+	cache_tree_free(&(istate->cache_tree));
+	free(istate->alloc);
+	istate->alloc = NULL;
+	istate->initialized = 0;
 
 	/* no need to throw away allocated active_cache */
-	return ret;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 #define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
 static unsigned char write_buffer[WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE];
 static unsigned long write_buffer_len;
 
-static int ce_write_flush(SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
+static int ce_write_flush(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
 {
 	unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
 	if (buffered) {
-		SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, buffered);
+		git_SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, buffered);
 		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, buffered) != buffered)
 			return -1;
 		write_buffer_len = 0;
@@ -909,7 +1376,7 @@ static int ce_write_flush(SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int ce_write(SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
+static int ce_write(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
 {
 	while (len) {
 		unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
@@ -927,11 +1394,11 @@ static int ce_write(SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
 		write_buffer_len = buffered;
 		len -= partial;
 		data = (char *) data + partial;
- 	}
- 	return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_index_ext_header(SHA_CTX *context, int fd,
+static int write_index_ext_header(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd,
 				  unsigned int ext, unsigned int sz)
 {
 	ext = htonl(ext);
@@ -940,13 +1407,13 @@ static int write_index_ext_header(SHA_CTX *context, int fd,
 		(ce_write(context, fd, &sz, 4) < 0)) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-static int ce_flush(SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
+static int ce_flush(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
 {
 	unsigned int left = write_buffer_len;
 
 	if (left) {
 		write_buffer_len = 0;
-		SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, left);
+		git_SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, left);
 	}
 
 	/* Flush first if not enough space for SHA1 signature */
@@ -957,7 +1424,7 @@ static int ce_flush(SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
 	}
 
 	/* Append the SHA1 signature at the end */
-	SHA1_Final(write_buffer + left, context);
+	git_SHA1_Final(write_buffer + left, context);
 	left += 20;
 	return (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) != left) ? -1 : 0;
 }
@@ -969,6 +1436,11 @@ static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 	 * falsely clean entry due to touch-update-touch race, so we leave
 	 * everything else as they are.  We are called for entries whose
 	 * ce_mtime match the index file mtime.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this actually does not do much for gitlinks, for
+	 * which ce_match_stat_basic() always goes to the actual
+	 * contents.  The caller checks with is_racy_timestamp() which
+	 * always says "no" for gitlinks, so we are not called for them ;-)
 	 */
 	struct stat st;
 
@@ -994,7 +1466,7 @@ static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 		 * size to zero here, then the object name recorded
 		 * in index is the 6-byte file but the cached stat information
 		 * becomes zero --- which would then match what we would
-		 * obtain from the filesystem next time we stat("frotz"). 
+		 * obtain from the filesystem next time we stat("frotz").
 		 *
 		 * However, the second update-index, before calling
 		 * this function, notices that the cached size is 6
@@ -1002,51 +1474,235 @@ static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 		 * file, and never calls us, so the cached size information
 		 * for "frotz" stays 6 which does not match the filesystem.
 		 */
-		ce->ce_size = htonl(0);
+		ce->ce_size = 0;
 	}
 }
 
-int write_cache(int newfd, struct cache_entry **cache, int entries)
+static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	SHA_CTX c;
+	int size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
+	struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
+	char *name;
+
+	ondisk->ctime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime.sec);
+	ondisk->mtime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime.sec);
+	ondisk->ctime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime.nsec);
+	ondisk->mtime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime.nsec);
+	ondisk->dev  = htonl(ce->ce_dev);
+	ondisk->ino  = htonl(ce->ce_ino);
+	ondisk->mode = htonl(ce->ce_mode);
+	ondisk->uid  = htonl(ce->ce_uid);
+	ondisk->gid  = htonl(ce->ce_gid);
+	ondisk->size = htonl(ce->ce_size);
+	hashcpy(ondisk->sha1, ce->sha1);
+	ondisk->flags = htons(ce->ce_flags);
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
+		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
+		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
+		ondisk2->flags2 = htons((ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) >> 16);
+		name = ondisk2->name;
+	}
+	else
+		name = ondisk->name;
+	memcpy(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+
+	return ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
+}
+
+int write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd)
+{
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	struct cache_header hdr;
-	int i, removed;
+	int i, err, removed, extended;
+	struct cache_entry **cache = istate->cache;
+	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
+	struct stat st;
 
-	for (i = removed = 0; i < entries; i++)
-		if (!cache[i]->ce_mode)
+	for (i = removed = extended = 0; i < entries; i++) {
+		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			removed++;
 
+		/* reduce extended entries if possible */
+		cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_EXTENDED;
+		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) {
+			extended++;
+			cache[i]->ce_flags |= CE_EXTENDED;
+		}
+	}
+
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
-	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(2);
+	/* for extended format, increase version so older git won't try to read it */
+	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(extended ? 3 : 2);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);
 
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
 	if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		if (!ce->ce_mode)
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue;
-		if (index_file_timestamp &&
-		    index_file_timestamp <= ntohl(ce->ce_mtime.sec))
+		if (!ce_uptodate(ce) && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
 			ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(ce);
-		if (ce_write(&c, newfd, ce, ce_size(ce)) < 0)
+		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce) < 0)
 			return -1;
 	}
 
 	/* Write extension data here */
-	if (active_cache_tree) {
-		unsigned long sz;
-		void *data = cache_tree_write(active_cache_tree, &sz);
-		if (data &&
-		    !write_index_ext_header(&c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_TREE, sz) &&
-		    !ce_write(&c, newfd, data, sz))
-			free(data);
-		else {
-			free(data);
+	if (istate->cache_tree) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		cache_tree_write(&sb, istate->cache_tree);
+		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_TREE, sb.len) < 0
+			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		if (err)
 			return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (ce_flush(&c, newfd) || fstat(newfd, &st))
+		return -1;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = (unsigned int)st.st_mtime;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the index file that is potentially unmerged into given
+ * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries.  Returns true if
+ * the index is unmerged.  Callers who want to refuse to work
+ * from an unmerged state can call this and check its return value,
+ * instead of calling read_cache().
+ */
+int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+	int unmerged = 0;
+
+	read_index(istate);
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		struct cache_entry *new_ce;
+		int size, len;
+
+		if (!ce_stage(ce))
+			continue;
+		unmerged = 1;
+		len = strlen(ce->name);
+		size = cache_entry_size(len);
+		new_ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+		hashcpy(new_ce->sha1, ce->sha1);
+		memcpy(new_ce->name, ce->name, len);
+		new_ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, 0);
+		new_ce->ce_mode = ce->ce_mode;
+		if (add_index_entry(istate, new_ce, 0))
+			return error("%s: cannot drop to stage #0",
+				     ce->name);
+		i = index_name_pos(istate, new_ce->name, len);
+	}
+	return unmerged;
+}
+
+struct update_callback_data
+{
+	int flags;
+	int add_errors;
+};
+
+static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+			    struct diff_options *opt, void *cbdata)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct update_callback_data *data = cbdata;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		const char *path = p->one->path;
+		switch (p->status) {
+		default:
+			die("unexpected diff status %c", p->status);
+		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
+			/*
+			 * ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL is unset if "git
+			 * add -u" is calling us, In such a case, a
+			 * missing work tree file needs to be removed
+			 * if there is an unmerged entry at stage #2,
+			 * but such a diff record is followed by
+			 * another with DIFF_STATUS_DELETED (and if
+			 * there is no stage #2, we won't see DELETED
+			 * nor MODIFIED).  We can simply continue
+			 * either way.
+			 */
+			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL))
+				continue;
+			/*
+			 * Otherwise, it is "git add path" is asking
+			 * to explicitly add it; we fall through.  A
+			 * missing work tree file is an error and is
+			 * caught by add_file_to_index() in such a
+			 * case.
+			 */
+		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
+			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
+				if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS))
+					die("updating files failed");
+				data->add_errors++;
+			}
+			break;
+		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+			if (data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL)
+				break;
+			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND))
+				remove_file_from_index(&the_index, path);
+			if (data->flags & (ADD_CACHE_PRETEND|ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE))
+				printf("remove '%s'\n", path);
+			break;
 		}
 	}
-	return ce_flush(&c, newfd);
+}
+
+int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec, int flags)
+{
+	struct update_callback_data data;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+	rev.prune_data = pathspec;
+	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback = update_callback;
+	data.flags = flags;
+	data.add_errors = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &data;
+	run_diff_files(&rev, DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED);
+	return !!data.add_errors;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the path is an "other" path with respect to
+ * the index; that is, the path is not mentioned in the index at all,
+ * either as a file, a directory with some files in the index,
+ * or as an unmerged entry.
+ *
+ * We helpfully remove a trailing "/" from directories so that
+ * the output of read_directory can be used as-is.
+ */
+int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name,
+		int namelen)
+{
+	int pos;
+	if (namelen && name[namelen - 1] == '/')
+		namelen--;
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, namelen);
+	if (0 <= pos)
+		return 0;	/* exact match */
+	pos = -pos - 1;
+	if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
+		if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
+		    !memcmp(ce->name, name, namelen))
+			return 0; /* Yup, this one exists unmerged */
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/reflog-walk.c b/reflog-walk.c
index c983858259..5623ea6b48 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.c
+++ b/reflog-walk.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
-#include "path-list.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
 
 struct complete_reflogs {
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ struct commit_reflog {
 
 struct reflog_walk_info {
 	struct commit_info_lifo reflogs;
-	struct path_list complete_reflogs;
+	struct string_list complete_reflogs;
 	struct commit_reflog *last_commit_reflog;
 };
 
@@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ void init_reflog_walk(struct reflog_walk_info** info)
 	*info = xcalloc(sizeof(struct reflog_walk_info), 1);
 }
 
-void add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
+int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit, const char *name)
 {
 	unsigned long timestamp = 0;
 	int recno = -1;
-	struct path_list_item *item;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct complete_reflogs *reflogs;
 	char *branch, *at = strchr(name, '@');
 	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog;
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ void add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 	} else
 		recno = 0;
 
-	item = path_list_lookup(branch, &info->complete_reflogs);
+	item = string_list_lookup(branch, &info->complete_reflogs);
 	if (item)
 		reflogs = item->util;
 	else {
@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ void add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 			}
 		}
 		if (!reflogs || reflogs->nr == 0)
-			die("No reflogs found for '%s'", branch);
-		path_list_insert(branch, &info->complete_reflogs)->util
+			return -1;
+		string_list_insert(branch, &info->complete_reflogs)->util
 			= reflogs;
 	}
 
@@ -200,13 +200,14 @@ void add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		if (commit_reflog->recno < 0) {
 			free(branch);
 			free(commit_reflog);
-			return;
+			return -1;
 		}
 	} else
 		commit_reflog->recno = reflogs->nr - recno - 1;
 	commit_reflog->reflogs = reflogs;
 
 	add_commit_info(commit, commit_reflog, &info->reflogs);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info, struct commit *commit)
@@ -240,8 +241,8 @@ void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info, struct commit *commit)
 	commit->object.flags &= ~(ADDED | SEEN | SHOWN);
 }
 
-void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info* info, int oneline,
-	int relative_date)
+void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int oneline,
+	enum date_mode dmode)
 {
 	if (info && info->last_commit_reflog) {
 		struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = info->last_commit_reflog;
@@ -250,8 +251,10 @@ void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info* info, int oneline,
 		info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
 		if (oneline) {
 			printf("%s@{", commit_reflog->reflogs->ref);
-			if (commit_reflog->flag || relative_date)
-				printf("%s", show_date(info->timestamp, 0, 1));
+			if (commit_reflog->flag || dmode)
+				printf("%s", show_date(info->timestamp,
+						       info->tz,
+						       dmode));
 			else
 				printf("%d", commit_reflog->reflogs->nr
 				       - 2 - commit_reflog->recno);
@@ -259,10 +262,10 @@ void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info* info, int oneline,
 		}
 		else {
 			printf("Reflog: %s@{", commit_reflog->reflogs->ref);
-			if (commit_reflog->flag || relative_date)
+			if (commit_reflog->flag || dmode)
 				printf("%s", show_date(info->timestamp,
 							info->tz,
-							relative_date));
+							dmode));
 			else
 				printf("%d", commit_reflog->reflogs->nr
 				       - 2 - commit_reflog->recno);
diff --git a/reflog-walk.h b/reflog-walk.h
index a4f7015d3e..74c90964bd 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.h
+++ b/reflog-walk.h
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef REFLOG_WALK_H
 #define REFLOG_WALK_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
 extern void init_reflog_walk(struct reflog_walk_info** info);
-extern void add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
+extern int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit, const char *name);
 extern void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit);
-extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int, int);
+extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int,
+		enum date_mode);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index d2b7b7fb56..e49eaa3089 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 /* ISSYMREF=01 and ISPACKED=02 are public interfaces */
 #define REF_KNOWS_PEELED 04
@@ -47,22 +48,7 @@ static struct ref_list *add_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
 				struct ref_list **new_entry)
 {
 	int len;
-	struct ref_list **p = &list, *entry;
-
-	/* Find the place to insert the ref into.. */
-	while ((entry = *p) != NULL) {
-		int cmp = strcmp(entry->name, name);
-		if (cmp > 0)
-			break;
-
-		/* Same as existing entry? */
-		if (!cmp) {
-			if (new_entry)
-				*new_entry = entry;
-			return list;
-		}
-		p = &entry->next;
-	}
+	struct ref_list *entry;
 
 	/* Allocate it and add it in.. */
 	len = strlen(name) + 1;
@@ -71,23 +57,109 @@ static struct ref_list *add_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	hashclr(entry->peeled);
 	memcpy(entry->name, name, len);
 	entry->flag = flag;
-	entry->next = *p;
-	*p = entry;
+	entry->next = list;
 	if (new_entry)
 		*new_entry = entry;
-	return list;
+	return entry;
+}
+
+/* merge sort the ref list */
+static struct ref_list *sort_ref_list(struct ref_list *list)
+{
+	int psize, qsize, last_merge_count, cmp;
+	struct ref_list *p, *q, *l, *e;
+	struct ref_list *new_list = list;
+	int k = 1;
+	int merge_count = 0;
+
+	if (!list)
+		return list;
+
+	do {
+		last_merge_count = merge_count;
+		merge_count = 0;
+
+		psize = 0;
+
+		p = new_list;
+		q = new_list;
+		new_list = NULL;
+		l = NULL;
+
+		while (p) {
+			merge_count++;
+
+			while (psize < k && q->next) {
+				q = q->next;
+				psize++;
+			}
+			qsize = k;
+
+			while ((psize > 0) || (qsize > 0 && q)) {
+				if (qsize == 0 || !q) {
+					e = p;
+					p = p->next;
+					psize--;
+				} else if (psize == 0) {
+					e = q;
+					q = q->next;
+					qsize--;
+				} else {
+					cmp = strcmp(q->name, p->name);
+					if (cmp < 0) {
+						e = q;
+						q = q->next;
+						qsize--;
+					} else if (cmp > 0) {
+						e = p;
+						p = p->next;
+						psize--;
+					} else {
+						if (hashcmp(q->sha1, p->sha1))
+							die("Duplicated ref, and SHA1s don't match: %s",
+							    q->name);
+						warning("Duplicated ref: %s", q->name);
+						e = q;
+						q = q->next;
+						qsize--;
+						free(e);
+						e = p;
+						p = p->next;
+						psize--;
+					}
+				}
+
+				e->next = NULL;
+
+				if (l)
+					l->next = e;
+				if (!new_list)
+					new_list = e;
+				l = e;
+			}
+
+			p = q;
+		};
+
+		k = k * 2;
+	} while ((last_merge_count != merge_count) || (last_merge_count != 1));
+
+	return new_list;
 }
 
 /*
  * Future: need to be in "struct repository"
  * when doing a full libification.
  */
-struct cached_refs {
+static struct cached_refs {
 	char did_loose;
 	char did_packed;
 	struct ref_list *loose;
 	struct ref_list *packed;
 } cached_refs;
+static struct ref_list *current_ref;
+
+static struct ref_list *extra_refs;
 
 static void free_ref_list(struct ref_list *list)
 {
@@ -142,7 +214,18 @@ static void read_packed_refs(FILE *f, struct cached_refs *cached_refs)
 		    !get_sha1_hex(refline + 1, sha1))
 			hashcpy(last->peeled, sha1);
 	}
-	cached_refs->packed = list;
+	cached_refs->packed = sort_ref_list(list);
+}
+
+void add_extra_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag)
+{
+	extra_refs = add_ref(name, sha1, flag, extra_refs, NULL);
+}
+
+void clear_extra_refs(void)
+{
+	free_ref_list(extra_refs);
+	extra_refs = NULL;
 }
 
 static struct ref_list *get_packed_refs(void)
@@ -192,16 +275,43 @@ static struct ref_list *get_ref_dir(const char *base, struct ref_list *list)
 				list = get_ref_dir(ref, list);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, &flag)) {
-				error("%s points nowhere!", ref);
-				continue;
-			}
+			if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, &flag))
+				hashclr(sha1);
 			list = add_ref(ref, sha1, flag, list, NULL);
 		}
 		free(ref);
 		closedir(dir);
 	}
-	return list;
+	return sort_ref_list(list);
+}
+
+struct warn_if_dangling_data {
+	const char *refname;
+	const char *msg_fmt;
+};
+
+static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+				   int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data *d = cb_data;
+	const char *resolves_to;
+	unsigned char junk[20];
+
+	if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		return 0;
+
+	resolves_to = resolve_ref(refname, junk, 0, NULL);
+	if (!resolves_to || strcmp(resolves_to, d->refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	printf(d->msg_fmt, refname);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void warn_dangling_symref(const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data data = { refname, msg_fmt };
+	for_each_rawref(warn_if_dangling_symref, &data);
 }
 
 static struct ref_list *get_loose_refs(void)
@@ -215,10 +325,114 @@ static struct ref_list *get_loose_refs(void)
 
 /* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
 #define MAXDEPTH 5
+#define MAXREFLEN (1024)
+
+static int resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(char *name, int pathlen, const char *refname, unsigned char *result)
+{
+	FILE *f;
+	struct cached_refs refs;
+	struct ref_list *ref;
+	int retval;
+
+	strcpy(name + pathlen, "packed-refs");
+	f = fopen(name, "r");
+	if (!f)
+		return -1;
+	read_packed_refs(f, &refs);
+	fclose(f);
+	ref = refs.packed;
+	retval = -1;
+	while (ref) {
+		if (!strcmp(ref->name, refname)) {
+			retval = 0;
+			memcpy(result, ref->sha1, 20);
+			break;
+		}
+		ref = ref->next;
+	}
+	free_ref_list(refs.packed);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static int resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(char *name, int pathlen, const char *refname, unsigned char *result, int recursion)
+{
+	int fd, len = strlen(refname);
+	char buffer[128], *p;
+
+	if (recursion > MAXDEPTH || len > MAXREFLEN)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(name + pathlen, refname, len+1);
+	fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(name, pathlen, refname, result);
+
+	len = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
+	close(fd);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+	while (len && isspace(buffer[len-1]))
+		len--;
+	buffer[len] = 0;
+
+	/* Was it a detached head or an old-fashioned symlink? */
+	if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, result))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Symref? */
+	if (strncmp(buffer, "ref:", 4))
+		return -1;
+	p = buffer + 4;
+	while (isspace(*p))
+		p++;
+
+	return resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(name, pathlen, p, result, recursion+1);
+}
+
+int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *result)
+{
+	int len = strlen(path), retval;
+	char *gitdir;
+	const char *tmp;
+
+	while (len && path[len-1] == '/')
+		len--;
+	if (!len)
+		return -1;
+	gitdir = xmalloc(len + MAXREFLEN + 8);
+	memcpy(gitdir, path, len);
+	memcpy(gitdir + len, "/.git", 6);
+	len += 5;
+
+	tmp = read_gitfile_gently(gitdir);
+	if (tmp) {
+		free(gitdir);
+		len = strlen(tmp);
+		gitdir = xmalloc(len + MAXREFLEN + 3);
+		memcpy(gitdir, tmp, len);
+	}
+	gitdir[len] = '/';
+	gitdir[++len] = '\0';
+	retval = resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(gitdir, len, refname, result, 0);
+	free(gitdir);
+	return retval;
+}
 
+/*
+ * If the "reading" argument is set, this function finds out what _object_
+ * the ref points at by "reading" the ref.  The ref, if it is not symbolic,
+ * has to exist, and if it is symbolic, it has to point at an existing ref,
+ * because the "read" goes through the symref to the ref it points at.
+ *
+ * The access that is not "reading" may often be "writing", but does not
+ * have to; it can be merely checking _where it leads to_. If it is a
+ * prelude to "writing" to the ref, a write to a symref that points at
+ * yet-to-be-born ref will create the real ref pointed by the symref.
+ * reading=0 allows the caller to check where such a symref leads to.
+ */
 const char *resolve_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag)
 {
-	int depth = MAXDEPTH, len;
+	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
+	ssize_t len;
 	char buffer[256];
 	static char ref_buffer[256];
 
@@ -226,7 +440,7 @@ const char *resolve_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *
 		*flag = 0;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		const char *path = git_path("%s", ref);
+		char path[PATH_MAX];
 		struct stat st;
 		char *buf;
 		int fd;
@@ -234,13 +448,8 @@ const char *resolve_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *
 		if (--depth < 0)
 			return NULL;
 
-		/* Special case: non-existing file.
-		 * Not having the refs/heads/new-branch is OK
-		 * if we are writing into it, so is .git/HEAD
-		 * that points at refs/heads/master still to be
-		 * born.  It is NOT OK if we are resolving for
-		 * reading.
-		 */
+		git_snpath(path, sizeof(path), "%s", ref);
+		/* Special case: non-existing file. */
 		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
 			struct ref_list *list = get_packed_refs();
 			while (list) {
@@ -316,17 +525,22 @@ int read_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 01
 static int do_one_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
-		      void *cb_data, struct ref_list *entry)
+		      int flags, void *cb_data, struct ref_list *entry)
 {
 	if (strncmp(base, entry->name, trim))
 		return 0;
+	/* Is this a "negative ref" that represents a deleted ref? */
 	if (is_null_sha1(entry->sha1))
 		return 0;
-	if (!has_sha1_file(entry->sha1)) {
-		error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
-		return 0;
+	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN)) {
+		if (!has_sha1_file(entry->sha1)) {
+			error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
+			return 0;
+		}
 	}
+	current_ref = entry;
 	return fn(entry->name + trim, entry->sha1, entry->flag, cb_data);
 }
 
@@ -336,6 +550,16 @@ int peel_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 	unsigned char base[20];
 	struct object *o;
 
+	if (current_ref && (current_ref->name == ref
+		|| !strcmp(current_ref->name, ref))) {
+		if (current_ref->flag & REF_KNOWS_PEELED) {
+			hashcpy(sha1, current_ref->peeled);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		hashcpy(base, current_ref->sha1);
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
 	if (!resolve_ref(ref, base, 1, &flag))
 		return -1;
 
@@ -355,9 +579,9 @@ int peel_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* fallback - callers should not call this for unpacked refs */
+fallback:
 	o = parse_object(base);
-	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		o = deref_tag(o, ref, 0);
 		if (o) {
 			hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
@@ -368,12 +592,17 @@ int peel_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 }
 
 static int do_for_each_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
-			   void *cb_data)
+			   int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	int retval;
+	int retval = 0;
 	struct ref_list *packed = get_packed_refs();
 	struct ref_list *loose = get_loose_refs();
 
+	struct ref_list *extra;
+
+	for (extra = extra_refs; extra; extra = extra->next)
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, extra);
+
 	while (packed && loose) {
 		struct ref_list *entry;
 		int cmp = strcmp(packed->name, loose->name);
@@ -388,17 +617,20 @@ static int do_for_each_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
 			entry = packed;
 			packed = packed->next;
 		}
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, cb_data, entry);
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, entry);
 		if (retval)
-			return retval;
+			goto end_each;
 	}
 
 	for (packed = packed ? packed : loose; packed; packed = packed->next) {
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, cb_data, packed);
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, packed);
 		if (retval)
-			return retval;
+			goto end_each;
 	}
-	return 0;
+
+end_each:
+	current_ref = NULL;
+	return retval;
 }
 
 int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
@@ -413,34 +645,33 @@ int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 
 int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0, cb_data);
+	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_ref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(prefix, fn, strlen(prefix), 0, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/tags/", fn, 10, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/tags/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/heads/", fn, 11, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/heads/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/remotes/", fn, 13, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/remotes/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
-/* NEEDSWORK: This is only used by ssh-upload and it should go; the
- * caller should do resolve_ref or read_ref like everybody else.  Or
- * maybe everybody else should use get_ref_sha1() instead of doing
- * read_ref().
- */
-int get_ref_sha1(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
+int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (check_ref_format(ref))
-		return -1;
-	return read_ref(mkpath("refs/%s", ref), sha1);
+	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0,
+			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -451,19 +682,27 @@ int get_ref_sha1(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
  * - it has double dots "..", or
  * - it has ASCII control character, "~", "^", ":" or SP, anywhere, or
  * - it ends with a "/".
+ * - it ends with ".lock"
+ * - it contains a "\" (backslash)
  */
 
 static inline int bad_ref_char(int ch)
 {
-	return (((unsigned) ch) <= ' ' ||
-		ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':' ||
-		/* 2.13 Pattern Matching Notation */
-		ch == '?' || ch == '*' || ch == '[');
+	if (((unsigned) ch) <= ' ' ||
+	    ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':' || ch == '\\')
+		return 1;
+	/* 2.13 Pattern Matching Notation */
+	if (ch == '?' || ch == '[') /* Unsupported */
+		return 1;
+	if (ch == '*') /* Supported at the end */
+		return 2;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int check_ref_format(const char *ref)
 {
-	int ch, level;
+	int ch, level, bad_type, last;
+	int ret = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK;
 	const char *cp = ref;
 
 	level = 0;
@@ -471,30 +710,88 @@ int check_ref_format(const char *ref)
 		while ((ch = *cp++) == '/')
 			; /* tolerate duplicated slashes */
 		if (!ch)
-			return -1; /* should not end with slashes */
+			/* should not end with slashes */
+			return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 
 		/* we are at the beginning of the path component */
-		if (ch == '.' || bad_ref_char(ch))
-			return -1;
+		if (ch == '.')
+			return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		bad_type = bad_ref_char(ch);
+		if (bad_type) {
+			if (bad_type == 2 && (!*cp || *cp == '/') &&
+			    ret == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK)
+				ret = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD;
+			else
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		}
 
+		last = ch;
 		/* scan the rest of the path component */
 		while ((ch = *cp++) != 0) {
-			if (bad_ref_char(ch))
-				return -1;
+			bad_type = bad_ref_char(ch);
+			if (bad_type)
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 			if (ch == '/')
 				break;
-			if (ch == '.' && *cp == '.')
-				return -1;
+			if (last == '.' && ch == '.')
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			if (last == '@' && ch == '{')
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			last = ch;
 		}
 		level++;
 		if (!ch) {
+			if (ref <= cp - 2 && cp[-2] == '.')
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 			if (level < 2)
-				return -2; /* at least of form "heads/blah" */
-			return 0;
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL;
+			if (has_extension(ref, ".lock"))
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			return ret;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+const char *prettify_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	return name + (
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") ? 11 :
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/") ? 10 :
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/remotes/") ? 13 :
+		0);
+}
+
+const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[] = {
+	"%.*s",
+	"refs/%.*s",
+	"refs/tags/%.*s",
+	"refs/heads/%.*s",
+	"refs/remotes/%.*s",
+	"refs/remotes/%.*s/HEAD",
+	NULL
+};
+
+const char *ref_fetch_rules[] = {
+	"%.*s",
+	"refs/%.*s",
+	"refs/heads/%.*s",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name, const char **rules)
+{
+	const char **p;
+	const int abbrev_name_len = strlen(abbrev_name);
+
+	for (p = rules; *p; p++) {
+		if (!strcmp(full_name, mkpath(*p, abbrev_name_len, abbrev_name))) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static struct ref_lock *verify_lock(struct ref_lock *lock,
 	const unsigned char *old_sha1, int mustexist)
 {
@@ -512,57 +809,23 @@ static struct ref_lock *verify_lock(struct ref_lock *lock,
 	return lock;
 }
 
-static int remove_empty_dir_recursive(char *path, int len)
-{
-	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
-	struct dirent *e;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
-	if (path[len-1] != '/')
-		path[len++] = '/';
-	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		struct stat st;
-		int namlen;
-		if ((e->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    ((e->d_name[1] == 0) ||
-		     ((e->d_name[1] == '.') && e->d_name[2] == 0)))
-			continue; /* "." and ".." */
-
-		namlen = strlen(e->d_name);
-		if ((len + namlen < PATH_MAX) &&
-		    strcpy(path + len, e->d_name) &&
-		    !lstat(path, &st) &&
-		    S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) &&
-		    !remove_empty_dir_recursive(path, len + namlen))
-			continue; /* happy */
-
-		/* path too long, stat fails, or non-directory still exists */
-		ret = -1;
-		break;
-	}
-	closedir(dir);
-	if (!ret) {
-		path[len] = 0;
-		ret = rmdir(path);
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int remove_empty_directories(char *file)
+static int remove_empty_directories(const char *file)
 {
 	/* we want to create a file but there is a directory there;
 	 * if that is an empty directory (or a directory that contains
 	 * only empty directories), remove them.
 	 */
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	int len = strlen(file);
+	struct strbuf path;
+	int result;
 
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX) /* path too long ;-) */
-		return -1;
-	strcpy(path, file);
-	return remove_empty_dir_recursive(path, len);
+	strbuf_init(&path, 20);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, file);
+
+	result = remove_dir_recursively(&path, 1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+
+	return result;
 }
 
 static int is_refname_available(const char *ref, const char *oldref,
@@ -588,19 +851,20 @@ static int is_refname_available(const char *ref, const char *oldref,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int *flag)
+static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags, int *type_p)
 {
 	char *ref_file;
 	const char *orig_ref = ref;
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	struct stat st;
 	int last_errno = 0;
+	int type, lflags;
 	int mustexist = (old_sha1 && !is_null_sha1(old_sha1));
+	int missing = 0;
 
 	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
 	lock->lock_fd = -1;
 
-	ref = resolve_ref(ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, flag);
+	ref = resolve_ref(ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
 	if (!ref && errno == EISDIR) {
 		/* we are trying to lock foo but we used to
 		 * have foo/bar which now does not exist;
@@ -613,37 +877,50 @@ static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *ref, const unsigned char
 			error("there are still refs under '%s'", orig_ref);
 			goto error_return;
 		}
-		ref = resolve_ref(orig_ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, flag);
+		ref = resolve_ref(orig_ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
 	}
+	if (type_p)
+	    *type_p = type;
 	if (!ref) {
 		last_errno = errno;
 		error("unable to resolve reference %s: %s",
 			orig_ref, strerror(errno));
 		goto error_return;
 	}
+	missing = is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1);
 	/* When the ref did not exist and we are creating it,
 	 * make sure there is no existing ref that is packed
 	 * whose name begins with our refname, nor a ref whose
 	 * name is a proper prefix of our refname.
 	 */
-	if (is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1) &&
-            !is_refname_available(ref, NULL, get_packed_refs(), 0))
+	if (missing &&
+	     !is_refname_available(ref, NULL, get_packed_refs(), 0)) {
+		last_errno = ENOTDIR;
 		goto error_return;
+	}
 
 	lock->lk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
+	lflags = LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR;
+	if (flags & REF_NODEREF) {
+		ref = orig_ref;
+		lflags |= LOCK_NODEREF;
+	}
 	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(ref);
 	lock->orig_ref_name = xstrdup(orig_ref);
 	ref_file = git_path("%s", ref);
-	lock->force_write = lstat(ref_file, &st) && errno == ENOENT;
+	if (missing)
+		lock->force_write = 1;
+	if ((flags & REF_NODEREF) && (type & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		lock->force_write = 1;
 
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories(ref_file)) {
 		last_errno = errno;
 		error("unable to create directory for %s", ref_file);
 		goto error_return;
 	}
-	lock->lock_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock->lk, ref_file, 1);
 
+	lock->lock_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock->lk, ref_file, lflags);
 	return old_sha1 ? verify_lock(lock, old_sha1, mustexist) : lock;
 
  error_return:
@@ -658,14 +935,18 @@ struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
 	if (check_ref_format(ref))
 		return NULL;
 	strcpy(refpath, mkpath("refs/%s", ref));
-	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(refpath, old_sha1, NULL);
+	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(refpath, old_sha1, 0, NULL);
 }
 
-struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
+struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags)
 {
-	if (check_ref_format(ref) == -1)
+	switch (check_ref_format(ref)) {
+	default:
 		return NULL;
-	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(ref, old_sha1, NULL);
+	case 0:
+	case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL:
+		return lock_ref_sha1_basic(ref, old_sha1, flags, NULL);
+	}
 }
 
 static struct lock_file packlock;
@@ -705,25 +986,31 @@ static int repack_without_ref(const char *refname)
 	return commit_lock_file(&packlock);
 }
 
-int delete_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
+int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt)
 {
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	int err, i, ret = 0, flag = 0;
+	int err, i = 0, ret = 0, flag = 0;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, &flag);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (!lock)
 		return 1;
-	if (!(flag & REF_ISPACKED)) {
+	if (!(flag & REF_ISPACKED) || flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
 		/* loose */
-		i = strlen(lock->lk->filename) - 5; /* .lock */
-		lock->lk->filename[i] = 0;
-		err = unlink(lock->lk->filename);
-		if (err) {
-			ret = 1;
-			error("unlink(%s) failed: %s",
-			      lock->lk->filename, strerror(errno));
+		const char *path;
+
+		if (!(delopt & REF_NODEREF)) {
+			i = strlen(lock->lk->filename) - 5; /* .lock */
+			lock->lk->filename[i] = 0;
+			path = lock->lk->filename;
+		} else {
+			path = git_path("%s", refname);
 		}
-		lock->lk->filename[i] = '.';
+		err = unlink_or_warn(path);
+		if (err && errno != ENOENT)
+			ret = 1;
+
+		if (!(delopt & REF_NODEREF))
+			lock->lk->filename[i] = '.';
 	}
 	/* removing the loose one could have resurrected an earlier
 	 * packed one.  Also, if it was not loose we need to repack
@@ -731,10 +1018,7 @@ int delete_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 	 */
 	ret |= repack_without_ref(refname);
 
-	err = unlink(git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name));
-	if (err && errno != ENOENT)
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: unlink(%s) failed: %s",
-			git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name), strerror(errno));
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name));
 	invalidate_cached_refs();
 	unlock_ref(lock);
 	return ret;
@@ -748,11 +1032,16 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	struct stat loginfo;
 	int log = !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", oldref), &loginfo);
+	const char *symref = NULL;
 
-	if (S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode))
+	if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode))
 		return error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldref);
 
-	if (!resolve_ref(oldref, orig_sha1, 1, &flag))
+	symref = resolve_ref(oldref, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
+	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		return error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, renaming it is not supported",
+			oldref);
+	if (!symref)
 		return error("refname %s not found", oldref);
 
 	if (!is_refname_available(newref, oldref, get_packed_refs(), 0))
@@ -761,7 +1050,7 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 	if (!is_refname_available(newref, oldref, get_loose_refs(), 0))
 		return 1;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(renamed_ref, NULL, NULL);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(renamed_ref, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	if (!lock)
 		return error("unable to lock %s", renamed_ref);
 	lock->force_write = 1;
@@ -772,12 +1061,12 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 		return error("unable to move logfile logs/%s to tmp-renamed-log: %s",
 			oldref, strerror(errno));
 
-	if (delete_ref(oldref, orig_sha1)) {
+	if (delete_ref(oldref, orig_sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
 		error("unable to delete old %s", oldref);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
 
-	if (resolve_ref(newref, sha1, 1, &flag) && delete_ref(newref, sha1)) {
+	if (resolve_ref(newref, sha1, 1, &flag) && delete_ref(newref, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
 		if (errno==EISDIR) {
 			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("%s", newref))) {
 				error("Directory not empty: %s", newref);
@@ -815,12 +1104,11 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 	}
 	logmoved = log;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newref, NULL, NULL);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newref, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	if (!lock) {
 		error("unable to lock %s for update", newref);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
-
 	lock->force_write = 1;
 	hashcpy(lock->old_sha1, orig_sha1);
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg)) {
@@ -831,7 +1119,7 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 	return 0;
 
  rollback:
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldref, NULL, NULL);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldref, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	if (!lock) {
 		error("unable to lock %s for rollback", oldref);
 		goto rollbacklog;
@@ -856,32 +1144,72 @@ int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
+{
+	if (close_lock_file(lock->lk))
+		return -1;
+	lock->lock_fd = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
+{
+	if (commit_lock_file(lock->lk))
+		return -1;
+	lock->lock_fd = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 {
-	if (lock->lock_fd >= 0) {
-		close(lock->lock_fd);
-		/* Do not free lock->lk -- atexit() still looks at them */
-		if (lock->lk)
-			rollback_lock_file(lock->lk);
-	}
+	/* Do not free lock->lk -- atexit() still looks at them */
+	if (lock->lk)
+		rollback_lock_file(lock->lk);
 	free(lock->ref_name);
 	free(lock->orig_ref_name);
 	free(lock);
 }
 
+/*
+ * copy the reflog message msg to buf, which has been allocated sufficiently
+ * large, while cleaning up the whitespaces.  Especially, convert LF to space,
+ * because reflog file is one line per entry.
+ */
+static int copy_msg(char *buf, const char *msg)
+{
+	char *cp = buf;
+	char c;
+	int wasspace = 1;
+
+	*cp++ = '\t';
+	while ((c = *msg++)) {
+		if (wasspace && isspace(c))
+			continue;
+		wasspace = isspace(c);
+		if (wasspace)
+			c = ' ';
+		*cp++ = c;
+	}
+	while (buf < cp && isspace(cp[-1]))
+		cp--;
+	*cp++ = '\n';
+	return cp - buf;
+}
+
 static int log_ref_write(const char *ref_name, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 			 const unsigned char *new_sha1, const char *msg)
 {
 	int logfd, written, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
 	unsigned maxlen, len;
 	int msglen;
-	char *log_file, *logrec;
+	char log_file[PATH_MAX];
+	char *logrec;
 	const char *committer;
 
 	if (log_all_ref_updates < 0)
 		log_all_ref_updates = !is_bare_repository();
 
-	log_file = git_path("logs/%s", ref_name);
+	git_snpath(log_file, sizeof(log_file), "logs/%s", ref_name);
 
 	if (log_all_ref_updates &&
 	    (!prefixcmp(ref_name, "refs/heads/") ||
@@ -913,22 +1241,8 @@ static int log_ref_write(const char *ref_name, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 
 	adjust_shared_perm(log_file);
 
-	msglen = 0;
-	if (msg) {
-		/* clean up the message and make sure it is a single line */
-		for ( ; *msg; msg++)
-			if (!isspace(*msg))
-				break;
-		if (*msg) {
-			const char *ep = strchr(msg, '\n');
-			if (ep)
-				msglen = ep - msg;
-			else
-				msglen = strlen(msg);
-		}
-	}
-
-	committer = git_committer_info(-1);
+	msglen = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0;
+	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 	maxlen = strlen(committer) + msglen + 100;
 	logrec = xmalloc(maxlen);
 	len = sprintf(logrec, "%s %s %s\n",
@@ -936,19 +1250,24 @@ static int log_ref_write(const char *ref_name, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		      sha1_to_hex(new_sha1),
 		      committer);
 	if (msglen)
-		len += sprintf(logrec + len - 1, "\t%.*s\n", msglen, msg) - 1;
+		len += copy_msg(logrec + len - 1, msg) - 1;
 	written = len <= maxlen ? write_in_full(logfd, logrec, len) : -1;
 	free(logrec);
-	close(logfd);
-	if (written != len)
+	if (close(logfd) != 0 || written != len)
 		return error("Unable to append to %s", log_file);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_branch(const char *refname)
+{
+	return !strcmp(refname, "HEAD") || !prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/");
+}
+
 int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 	const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg)
 {
 	static char term = '\n';
+	struct object *o;
 
 	if (!lock)
 		return -1;
@@ -956,9 +1275,22 @@ int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	o = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!o) {
+		error("Trying to write ref %s with nonexistant object %s",
+			lock->ref_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(lock->ref_name)) {
+		error("Trying to write non-commit object %s to branch %s",
+			sha1_to_hex(sha1), lock->ref_name);
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40) != 40 ||
 	    write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, &term, 1) != 1
-		|| close(lock->lock_fd) < 0) {
+		|| close_ref(lock) < 0) {
 		error("Couldn't write %s", lock->lk->filename);
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return -1;
@@ -991,12 +1323,11 @@ int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 		    !strcmp(head_ref, lock->ref_name))
 			log_ref_write("HEAD", lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg);
 	}
-	if (commit_lock_file(lock->lk)) {
+	if (commit_ref(lock)) {
 		error("Couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	lock->lock_fd = -1;
 	unlock_ref(lock);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1007,7 +1338,7 @@ int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
 	const char *lockpath;
 	char ref[1000];
 	int fd, len, written;
-	char *git_HEAD = xstrdup(git_path("%s", ref_target));
+	char *git_HEAD = git_pathdup("%s", ref_target);
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20], new_sha1[20];
 
 	if (logmsg && read_ref(ref_target, old_sha1))
@@ -1037,8 +1368,7 @@ int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
 		goto error_free_return;
 	}
 	written = write_in_full(fd, ref, len);
-	close(fd);
-	if (written != len) {
+	if (close(fd) != 0 || written != len) {
 		error("Unable to write to %s", lockpath);
 		goto error_unlink_return;
 	}
@@ -1049,7 +1379,7 @@ int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
 	if (adjust_shared_perm(git_HEAD)) {
 		error("Unable to fix permissions on %s", lockpath);
 	error_unlink_return:
-		unlink(lockpath);
+		unlink_or_warn(lockpath);
 	error_free_return:
 		free(git_HEAD);
 		return -1;
@@ -1068,15 +1398,11 @@ int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
 static char *ref_msg(const char *line, const char *endp)
 {
 	const char *ep;
-	char *msg;
-
 	line += 82;
-	for (ep = line; ep < endp && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
-		;
-	msg = xmalloc(ep - line + 1);
-	memcpy(msg, line, ep - line);
-	msg[ep - line] = 0;
-	return msg;
+	ep = memchr(line, '\n', endp - line);
+	if (!ep)
+		ep = endp;
+	return xmemdupz(line, ep - line);
 }
 
 int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *sha1, char **msg, unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt)
@@ -1093,7 +1419,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", ref);
 	logfd = open(logfile, O_RDONLY, 0);
 	if (logfd < 0)
-		die("Unable to read log %s: %s", logfile, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Unable to read log '%s'", logfile);
 	fstat(logfd, &st);
 	if (!st.st_size)
 		die("Log %s is empty.", logfile);
@@ -1133,9 +1459,8 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 				if (get_sha1_hex(rec + 41, sha1))
 					die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
 				if (hashcmp(logged_sha1, sha1)) {
-					fprintf(stderr,
-						"warning: Log %s has gap after %s.\n",
-						logfile, show_rfc2822_date(date, tz));
+					warning("Log %s has gap after %s.",
+						logfile, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
 				}
 			}
 			else if (date == at_time) {
@@ -1146,9 +1471,8 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 				if (get_sha1_hex(rec + 41, logged_sha1))
 					die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
 				if (hashcmp(logged_sha1, sha1)) {
-					fprintf(stderr,
-						"warning: Log %s unexpectedly ended on %s.\n",
-						logfile, show_rfc2822_date(date, tz));
+					warning("Log %s unexpectedly ended on %s.",
+						logfile, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
 				}
 			}
 			munmap(log_mapped, mapsz);
@@ -1168,6 +1492,10 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 	tz = strtoul(tz_c, NULL, 10);
 	if (get_sha1_hex(logdata, sha1))
 		die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
+	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+		if (get_sha1_hex(logdata + 41, sha1))
+			die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
+	}
 	if (msg)
 		*msg = ref_msg(logdata, logend);
 	munmap(log_mapped, mapsz);
@@ -1181,7 +1509,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long ofs, void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char *logfile;
 	FILE *logfp;
@@ -1192,6 +1520,18 @@ int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 	logfp = fopen(logfile, "r");
 	if (!logfp)
 		return -1;
+
+	if (ofs) {
+		struct stat statbuf;
+		if (fstat(fileno(logfp), &statbuf) ||
+		    statbuf.st_size < ofs ||
+		    fseek(logfp, -ofs, SEEK_END) ||
+		    fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), logfp)) {
+			fclose(logfp);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), logfp)) {
 		unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
 		char *email_end, *message;
@@ -1225,6 +1565,11 @@ int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return for_each_recent_reflog_ent(ref, fn, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
 static int do_for_each_reflog(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	DIR *dir = opendir(git_path("logs/%s", base));
@@ -1277,3 +1622,149 @@ int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	return do_for_each_reflog("", fn, cb_data);
 }
+
+int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
+		const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char *oldval,
+		int flags, enum action_on_err onerr)
+{
+	static struct ref_lock *lock;
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(refname, oldval, flags);
+	if (!lock) {
+		const char *str = "Cannot lock the ref '%s'.";
+		switch (onerr) {
+		case MSG_ON_ERR: error(str, refname); break;
+		case DIE_ON_ERR: die(str, refname); break;
+		case QUIET_ON_ERR: break;
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, action) < 0) {
+		const char *str = "Cannot update the ref '%s'.";
+		switch (onerr) {
+		case MSG_ON_ERR: error(str, refname); break;
+		case DIE_ON_ERR: die(str, refname); break;
+		case QUIET_ON_ERR: break;
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name)
+{
+	for ( ; list; list = list->next)
+		if (!strcmp(list->name, name))
+			return (struct ref *)list;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * generate a format suitable for scanf from a ref_rev_parse_rules
+ * rule, that is replace the "%.*s" spec with a "%s" spec
+ */
+static void gen_scanf_fmt(char *scanf_fmt, const char *rule)
+{
+	char *spec;
+
+	spec = strstr(rule, "%.*s");
+	if (!spec || strstr(spec + 4, "%.*s"))
+		die("invalid rule in ref_rev_parse_rules: %s", rule);
+
+	/* copy all until spec */
+	strncpy(scanf_fmt, rule, spec - rule);
+	scanf_fmt[spec - rule] = '\0';
+	/* copy new spec */
+	strcat(scanf_fmt, "%s");
+	/* copy remaining rule */
+	strcat(scanf_fmt, spec + 4);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict)
+{
+	int i;
+	static char **scanf_fmts;
+	static int nr_rules;
+	char *short_name;
+
+	/* pre generate scanf formats from ref_rev_parse_rules[] */
+	if (!nr_rules) {
+		size_t total_len = 0;
+
+		/* the rule list is NULL terminated, count them first */
+		for (; ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]; nr_rules++)
+			/* no +1 because strlen("%s") < strlen("%.*s") */
+			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]);
+
+		scanf_fmts = xmalloc(nr_rules * sizeof(char *) + total_len);
+
+		total_len = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_rules; i++) {
+			scanf_fmts[i] = (char *)&scanf_fmts[nr_rules]
+					+ total_len;
+			gen_scanf_fmt(scanf_fmts[i], ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
+			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* bail out if there are no rules */
+	if (!nr_rules)
+		return xstrdup(ref);
+
+	/* buffer for scanf result, at most ref must fit */
+	short_name = xstrdup(ref);
+
+	/* skip first rule, it will always match */
+	for (i = nr_rules - 1; i > 0 ; --i) {
+		int j;
+		int rules_to_fail = i;
+		int short_name_len;
+
+		if (1 != sscanf(ref, scanf_fmts[i], short_name))
+			continue;
+
+		short_name_len = strlen(short_name);
+
+		/*
+		 * in strict mode, all (except the matched one) rules
+		 * must fail to resolve to a valid non-ambiguous ref
+		 */
+		if (strict)
+			rules_to_fail = nr_rules;
+
+		/*
+		 * check if the short name resolves to a valid ref,
+		 * but use only rules prior to the matched one
+		 */
+		for (j = 0; j < rules_to_fail; j++) {
+			const char *rule = ref_rev_parse_rules[j];
+			unsigned char short_objectname[20];
+			char refname[PATH_MAX];
+
+			/* skip matched rule */
+			if (i == j)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * the short name is ambiguous, if it resolves
+			 * (with this previous rule) to a valid ref
+			 * read_ref() returns 0 on success
+			 */
+			mksnpath(refname, sizeof(refname),
+				 rule, short_name_len, short_name);
+			if (!read_ref(refname, short_objectname))
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * short name is non-ambiguous if all previous rules
+		 * haven't resolved to a valid ref
+		 */
+		if (j == rules_to_fail)
+			return short_name;
+	}
+
+	free(short_name);
+	return xstrdup(ref);
+}
diff --git a/refs.h b/refs.h
index acedffc0e4..c11f6a6d58 100644
--- a/refs.h
+++ b/refs.h
@@ -20,20 +20,39 @@ struct ref_lock {
 typedef int each_ref_fn(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data);
 extern int head_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+extern int for_each_ref_in(const char *, each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 
-extern int peel_ref(const char *, unsigned char *);
+/* can be used to learn about broken ref and symref */
+extern int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+
+extern void warn_dangling_symref(const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname);
+
+/*
+ * Extra refs will be listed by for_each_ref() before any actual refs
+ * for the duration of this process or until clear_extra_refs() is
+ * called. Only extra refs added before for_each_ref() is called will
+ * be listed on a given call of for_each_ref().
+ */
+extern void add_extra_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags);
+extern void clear_extra_refs(void);
 
-/** Reads the refs file specified into sha1 **/
-extern int get_ref_sha1(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int peel_ref(const char *, unsigned char *);
 
 /** Locks a "refs/" ref returning the lock on success and NULL on failure. **/
 extern struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
 
 /** Locks any ref (for 'HEAD' type refs). */
-extern struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
+#define REF_NODEREF	0x01
+extern struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags);
+
+/** Close the file descriptor owned by a lock and return the status */
+extern int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock);
+
+/** Close and commit the ref locked by the lock */
+extern int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock);
 
 /** Release any lock taken but not written. **/
 extern void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock);
@@ -47,6 +66,7 @@ extern int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned
 /* iterate over reflog entries */
 typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1, const char *, unsigned long, int, const char *, void *);
 int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * Calls the specified function for each reflog file until it returns nonzero,
@@ -54,10 +74,25 @@ int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
  */
 extern int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn, void *);
 
-/** Returns 0 if target has the right format for a ref. **/
+#define CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK 0
+#define CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR (-1)
+#define CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL (-2)
+#define CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD (-3)
 extern int check_ref_format(const char *target);
 
+extern const char *prettify_refname(const char *refname);
+extern char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict);
+
 /** rename ref, return 0 on success **/
 extern int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
 
+/** resolve ref in nested "gitlink" repository */
+extern int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *name, const char *refname, unsigned char *result);
+
+/** lock a ref and then write its file */
+enum action_on_err { MSG_ON_ERR, DIE_ON_ERR, QUIET_ON_ERR };
+int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
+		const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char *oldval,
+		int flags, enum action_on_err onerr);
+
 #endif /* REFS_H */
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3ada2d72b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1567 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+
+static struct refspec s_tag_refspec = {
+	0,
+	1,
+	0,
+	"refs/tags/*",
+	"refs/tags/*"
+};
+
+const struct refspec *tag_refspec = &s_tag_refspec;
+
+struct counted_string {
+	size_t len;
+	const char *s;
+};
+struct rewrite {
+	const char *base;
+	size_t baselen;
+	struct counted_string *instead_of;
+	int instead_of_nr;
+	int instead_of_alloc;
+};
+
+static struct remote **remotes;
+static int remotes_alloc;
+static int remotes_nr;
+
+static struct branch **branches;
+static int branches_alloc;
+static int branches_nr;
+
+static struct branch *current_branch;
+static const char *default_remote_name;
+static int explicit_default_remote_name;
+
+static struct rewrite **rewrite;
+static int rewrite_alloc;
+static int rewrite_nr;
+
+#define BUF_SIZE (2048)
+static char buffer[BUF_SIZE];
+
+static const char *alias_url(const char *url)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	char *ret;
+	struct counted_string *longest;
+	int longest_i;
+
+	longest = NULL;
+	longest_i = -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < rewrite_nr; i++) {
+		if (!rewrite[i])
+			continue;
+		for (j = 0; j < rewrite[i]->instead_of_nr; j++) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(url, rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].s) &&
+			    (!longest ||
+			     longest->len < rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].len)) {
+				longest = &(rewrite[i]->instead_of[j]);
+				longest_i = i;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (!longest)
+		return url;
+
+	ret = xmalloc(rewrite[longest_i]->baselen +
+		     (strlen(url) - longest->len) + 1);
+	strcpy(ret, rewrite[longest_i]->base);
+	strcpy(ret + rewrite[longest_i]->baselen, url + longest->len);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void add_push_refspec(struct remote *remote, const char *ref)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->push_refspec,
+		   remote->push_refspec_nr + 1,
+		   remote->push_refspec_alloc);
+	remote->push_refspec[remote->push_refspec_nr++] = ref;
+}
+
+static void add_fetch_refspec(struct remote *remote, const char *ref)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->fetch_refspec,
+		   remote->fetch_refspec_nr + 1,
+		   remote->fetch_refspec_alloc);
+	remote->fetch_refspec[remote->fetch_refspec_nr++] = ref;
+}
+
+static void add_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->url, remote->url_nr + 1, remote->url_alloc);
+	remote->url[remote->url_nr++] = url;
+}
+
+static void add_url_alias(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+{
+	add_url(remote, alias_url(url));
+}
+
+static void add_pushurl(struct remote *remote, const char *pushurl)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->pushurl, remote->pushurl_nr + 1, remote->pushurl_alloc);
+	remote->pushurl[remote->pushurl_nr++] = pushurl;
+}
+
+static struct remote *make_remote(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct remote *ret;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr; i++) {
+		if (len ? (!strncmp(name, remotes[i]->name, len) &&
+			   !remotes[i]->name[len]) :
+		    !strcmp(name, remotes[i]->name))
+			return remotes[i];
+	}
+
+	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct remote));
+	ALLOC_GROW(remotes, remotes_nr + 1, remotes_alloc);
+	remotes[remotes_nr++] = ret;
+	if (len)
+		ret->name = xstrndup(name, len);
+	else
+		ret->name = xstrdup(name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void add_merge(struct branch *branch, const char *name)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(branch->merge_name, branch->merge_nr + 1,
+		   branch->merge_alloc);
+	branch->merge_name[branch->merge_nr++] = name;
+}
+
+static struct branch *make_branch(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct branch *ret;
+	int i;
+	char *refname;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < branches_nr; i++) {
+		if (len ? (!strncmp(name, branches[i]->name, len) &&
+			   !branches[i]->name[len]) :
+		    !strcmp(name, branches[i]->name))
+			return branches[i];
+	}
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(branches, branches_nr + 1, branches_alloc);
+	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct branch));
+	branches[branches_nr++] = ret;
+	if (len)
+		ret->name = xstrndup(name, len);
+	else
+		ret->name = xstrdup(name);
+	refname = xmalloc(strlen(name) + strlen("refs/heads/") + 1);
+	strcpy(refname, "refs/heads/");
+	strcpy(refname + strlen("refs/heads/"), ret->name);
+	ret->refname = refname;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct rewrite *make_rewrite(const char *base, int len)
+{
+	struct rewrite *ret;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rewrite_nr; i++) {
+		if (len
+		    ? (len == rewrite[i]->baselen &&
+		       !strncmp(base, rewrite[i]->base, len))
+		    : !strcmp(base, rewrite[i]->base))
+			return rewrite[i];
+	}
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(rewrite, rewrite_nr + 1, rewrite_alloc);
+	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct rewrite));
+	rewrite[rewrite_nr++] = ret;
+	if (len) {
+		ret->base = xstrndup(base, len);
+		ret->baselen = len;
+	}
+	else {
+		ret->base = xstrdup(base);
+		ret->baselen = strlen(base);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void add_instead_of(struct rewrite *rewrite, const char *instead_of)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(rewrite->instead_of, rewrite->instead_of_nr + 1, rewrite->instead_of_alloc);
+	rewrite->instead_of[rewrite->instead_of_nr].s = instead_of;
+	rewrite->instead_of[rewrite->instead_of_nr].len = strlen(instead_of);
+	rewrite->instead_of_nr++;
+}
+
+static void read_remotes_file(struct remote *remote)
+{
+	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name), "r");
+
+	if (!f)
+		return;
+	remote->origin = REMOTE_REMOTES;
+	while (fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f)) {
+		int value_list;
+		char *s, *p;
+
+		if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "URL:")) {
+			value_list = 0;
+			s = buffer + 4;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "Push:")) {
+			value_list = 1;
+			s = buffer + 5;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "Pull:")) {
+			value_list = 2;
+			s = buffer + 5;
+		} else
+			continue;
+
+		while (isspace(*s))
+			s++;
+		if (!*s)
+			continue;
+
+		p = s + strlen(s);
+		while (isspace(p[-1]))
+			*--p = 0;
+
+		switch (value_list) {
+		case 0:
+			add_url_alias(remote, xstrdup(s));
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			add_push_refspec(remote, xstrdup(s));
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			add_fetch_refspec(remote, xstrdup(s));
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(f);
+}
+
+static void read_branches_file(struct remote *remote)
+{
+	const char *slash = strchr(remote->name, '/');
+	char *frag;
+	struct strbuf branch = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n = slash ? slash - remote->name : 1000;
+	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("branches/%.*s", n, remote->name), "r");
+	char *s, *p;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!f)
+		return;
+	s = fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f);
+	fclose(f);
+	if (!s)
+		return;
+	while (isspace(*s))
+		s++;
+	if (!*s)
+		return;
+	remote->origin = REMOTE_BRANCHES;
+	p = s + strlen(s);
+	while (isspace(p[-1]))
+		*--p = 0;
+	len = p - s;
+	if (slash)
+		len += strlen(slash);
+	p = xmalloc(len + 1);
+	strcpy(p, s);
+	if (slash)
+		strcat(p, slash);
+
+	/*
+	 * With "slash", e.g. "git fetch jgarzik/netdev-2.6" when
+	 * reading from $GIT_DIR/branches/jgarzik fetches "HEAD" from
+	 * the partial URL obtained from the branches file plus
+	 * "/netdev-2.6" and does not store it in any tracking ref.
+	 * #branch specifier in the file is ignored.
+	 *
+	 * Otherwise, the branches file would have URL and optionally
+	 * #branch specified.  The "master" (or specified) branch is
+	 * fetched and stored in the local branch of the same name.
+	 */
+	frag = strchr(p, '#');
+	if (frag) {
+		*(frag++) = '\0';
+		strbuf_addf(&branch, "refs/heads/%s", frag);
+	} else
+		strbuf_addstr(&branch, "refs/heads/master");
+	if (!slash) {
+		strbuf_addf(&branch, ":refs/heads/%s", remote->name);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_reset(&branch);
+		strbuf_addstr(&branch, "HEAD:");
+	}
+	add_url_alias(remote, p);
+	add_fetch_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
+	/*
+	 * Cogito compatible push: push current HEAD to remote #branch
+	 * (master if missing)
+	 */
+	strbuf_init(&branch, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&branch, "HEAD");
+	if (frag)
+		strbuf_addf(&branch, ":refs/heads/%s", frag);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&branch, ":refs/heads/master");
+	add_push_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
+	remote->fetch_tags = 1; /* always auto-follow */
+}
+
+static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	const char *subkey;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct branch *branch;
+	if (!prefixcmp(key, "branch.")) {
+		name = key + 7;
+		subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+		if (!subkey)
+			return 0;
+		branch = make_branch(name, subkey - name);
+		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".remote")) {
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(key);
+			branch->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
+			if (branch == current_branch) {
+				default_remote_name = branch->remote_name;
+				explicit_default_remote_name = 1;
+			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".merge")) {
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(key);
+			add_merge(branch, xstrdup(value));
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(key, "url.")) {
+		struct rewrite *rewrite;
+		name = key + 4;
+		subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+		if (!subkey)
+			return 0;
+		rewrite = make_rewrite(name, subkey - name);
+		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".insteadof")) {
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(key);
+			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
+		}
+	}
+	if (prefixcmp(key,  "remote."))
+		return 0;
+	name = key + 7;
+	if (*name == '/') {
+		warning("Config remote shorthand cannot begin with '/': %s",
+			name);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+	if (!subkey)
+		return 0;
+	remote = make_remote(name, subkey - name);
+	remote->origin = REMOTE_CONFIG;
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".mirror"))
+		remote->mirror = git_config_bool(key, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".skipdefaultupdate"))
+		remote->skip_default_update = git_config_bool(key, value);
+
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".url")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		add_url(remote, v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushurl")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		add_pushurl(remote, v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".push")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		add_push_refspec(remote, v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".fetch")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		add_fetch_refspec(remote, v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".receivepack")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		if (!remote->receivepack)
+			remote->receivepack = v;
+		else
+			error("more than one receivepack given, using the first");
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".uploadpack")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		if (!remote->uploadpack)
+			remote->uploadpack = v;
+		else
+			error("more than one uploadpack given, using the first");
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".tagopt")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "--no-tags"))
+			remote->fetch_tags = -1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".proxy")) {
+		return git_config_string((const char **)&remote->http_proxy,
+					 key, value);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void alias_all_urls(void)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr; i++) {
+		if (!remotes[i])
+			continue;
+		for (j = 0; j < remotes[i]->url_nr; j++) {
+			remotes[i]->url[j] = alias_url(remotes[i]->url[j]);
+		}
+		for (j = 0; j < remotes[i]->pushurl_nr; j++) {
+			remotes[i]->pushurl[j] = alias_url(remotes[i]->pushurl[j]);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void read_config(void)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char *head_ref;
+	int flag;
+	if (default_remote_name) // did this already
+		return;
+	default_remote_name = xstrdup("origin");
+	current_branch = NULL;
+	head_ref = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, &flag);
+	if (head_ref && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+	    !prefixcmp(head_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
+		current_branch =
+			make_branch(head_ref + strlen("refs/heads/"), 0);
+	}
+	git_config(handle_config, NULL);
+	alias_all_urls();
+}
+
+/*
+ * We need to make sure the tracking branches are well formed, but a
+ * wildcard refspec in "struct refspec" must have a trailing slash. We
+ * temporarily drop the trailing '/' while calling check_ref_format(),
+ * and put it back.  The caller knows that a CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL
+ * error return is Ok for a wildcard refspec.
+ */
+static int verify_refname(char *name, int is_glob)
+{
+	int result;
+
+	result = check_ref_format(name);
+	if (is_glob && result == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD)
+		result = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK;
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function frees a refspec array.
+ * Warning: code paths should be checked to ensure that the src
+ *          and dst pointers are always freeable pointers as well
+ *          as the refspec pointer itself.
+ */
+static void free_refspecs(struct refspec *refspec, int nr_refspec)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!refspec)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
+		free(refspec[i].src);
+		free(refspec[i].dst);
+	}
+	free(refspec);
+}
+
+static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int fetch, int verify)
+{
+	int i;
+	int st;
+	struct refspec *rs = xcalloc(sizeof(*rs), nr_refspec);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
+		size_t llen;
+		int is_glob;
+		const char *lhs, *rhs;
+
+		is_glob = 0;
+
+		lhs = refspec[i];
+		if (*lhs == '+') {
+			rs[i].force = 1;
+			lhs++;
+		}
+
+		rhs = strrchr(lhs, ':');
+
+		/*
+		 * Before going on, special case ":" (or "+:") as a refspec
+		 * for matching refs.
+		 */
+		if (!fetch && rhs == lhs && rhs[1] == '\0') {
+			rs[i].matching = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (rhs) {
+			size_t rlen = strlen(++rhs);
+			is_glob = (1 <= rlen && strchr(rhs, '*'));
+			rs[i].dst = xstrndup(rhs, rlen);
+		}
+
+		llen = (rhs ? (rhs - lhs - 1) : strlen(lhs));
+		if (1 <= llen && memchr(lhs, '*', llen)) {
+			if ((rhs && !is_glob) || (!rhs && fetch))
+				goto invalid;
+			is_glob = 1;
+		} else if (rhs && is_glob) {
+			goto invalid;
+		}
+
+		rs[i].pattern = is_glob;
+		rs[i].src = xstrndup(lhs, llen);
+
+		if (fetch) {
+			/*
+			 * LHS
+			 * - empty is allowed; it means HEAD.
+			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+			 */
+			if (!*rs[i].src)
+				; /* empty is ok */
+			else {
+				st = verify_refname(rs[i].src, is_glob);
+				if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL)
+					goto invalid;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * RHS
+			 * - missing is ok, and is same as empty.
+			 * - empty is ok; it means not to store.
+			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+			 */
+			if (!rs[i].dst) {
+				; /* ok */
+			} else if (!*rs[i].dst) {
+				; /* ok */
+			} else {
+				st = verify_refname(rs[i].dst, is_glob);
+				if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL)
+					goto invalid;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * LHS
+			 * - empty is allowed; it means delete.
+			 * - when wildcarded, it must be a valid looking ref.
+			 * - otherwise, it must be an extended SHA-1, but
+			 *   there is no existing way to validate this.
+			 */
+			if (!*rs[i].src)
+				; /* empty is ok */
+			else if (is_glob) {
+				st = verify_refname(rs[i].src, is_glob);
+				if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL)
+					goto invalid;
+			}
+			else
+				; /* anything goes, for now */
+			/*
+			 * RHS
+			 * - missing is allowed, but LHS then must be a
+			 *   valid looking ref.
+			 * - empty is not allowed.
+			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+			 */
+			if (!rs[i].dst) {
+				st = verify_refname(rs[i].src, is_glob);
+				if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL)
+					goto invalid;
+			} else if (!*rs[i].dst) {
+				goto invalid;
+			} else {
+				st = verify_refname(rs[i].dst, is_glob);
+				if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL)
+					goto invalid;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return rs;
+
+ invalid:
+	if (verify) {
+		/*
+		 * nr_refspec must be greater than zero and i must be valid
+		 * since it is only possible to reach this point from within
+		 * the for loop above.
+		 */
+		free_refspecs(rs, i+1);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	die("Invalid refspec '%s'", refspec[i]);
+}
+
+int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *fetch_refspec_str)
+{
+	const char *fetch_refspec[] = { fetch_refspec_str };
+	struct refspec *refspec;
+
+	refspec = parse_refspec_internal(1, fetch_refspec, 1, 1);
+	free_refspecs(refspec, 1);
+	return !!refspec;
+}
+
+struct refspec *parse_fetch_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
+{
+	return parse_refspec_internal(nr_refspec, refspec, 1, 0);
+}
+
+static struct refspec *parse_push_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
+{
+	return parse_refspec_internal(nr_refspec, refspec, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
+{
+	if (!name[0] || is_dot_or_dotdot(name))
+		return 0;
+	return !strchr(name, '/'); /* no slash */
+}
+
+struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
+{
+	struct remote *ret;
+	int name_given = 0;
+
+	read_config();
+	if (name)
+		name_given = 1;
+	else {
+		name = default_remote_name;
+		name_given = explicit_default_remote_name;
+	}
+
+	ret = make_remote(name, 0);
+	if (valid_remote_nick(name)) {
+		if (!ret->url)
+			read_remotes_file(ret);
+		if (!ret->url)
+			read_branches_file(ret);
+	}
+	if (name_given && !ret->url)
+		add_url_alias(ret, name);
+	if (!ret->url)
+		return NULL;
+	ret->fetch = parse_fetch_refspec(ret->fetch_refspec_nr, ret->fetch_refspec);
+	ret->push = parse_push_refspec(ret->push_refspec_nr, ret->push_refspec);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int remote_is_configured(const char *name)
+{
+	int i;
+	read_config();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr; i++)
+		if (!strcmp(name, remotes[i]->name))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv)
+{
+	int i, result = 0;
+	read_config();
+	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr && !result; i++) {
+		struct remote *r = remotes[i];
+		if (!r)
+			continue;
+		if (!r->fetch)
+			r->fetch = parse_fetch_refspec(r->fetch_refspec_nr,
+						       r->fetch_refspec);
+		if (!r->push)
+			r->push = parse_push_refspec(r->push_refspec_nr,
+						     r->push_refspec);
+		result = fn(r, priv);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+void ref_remove_duplicates(struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	struct ref **posn;
+	struct ref *next;
+	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next) {
+		if (!ref_map->peer_ref)
+			continue;
+		posn = &ref_map->next;
+		while (*posn) {
+			if ((*posn)->peer_ref &&
+			    !strcmp((*posn)->peer_ref->name,
+				    ref_map->peer_ref->name)) {
+				if (strcmp((*posn)->name, ref_map->name))
+					die("%s tracks both %s and %s",
+					    ref_map->peer_ref->name,
+					    (*posn)->name, ref_map->name);
+				next = (*posn)->next;
+				free((*posn)->peer_ref);
+				free(*posn);
+				*posn = next;
+			} else {
+				posn = &(*posn)->next;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(remote->url[i], url))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_name_with_pattern(const char *key, const char *name,
+				   const char *value, char **result)
+{
+	const char *kstar = strchr(key, '*');
+	size_t klen;
+	size_t ksuffixlen;
+	size_t namelen;
+	int ret;
+	if (!kstar)
+		die("Key '%s' of pattern had no '*'", key);
+	klen = kstar - key;
+	ksuffixlen = strlen(kstar + 1);
+	namelen = strlen(name);
+	ret = !strncmp(name, key, klen) && namelen >= klen + ksuffixlen &&
+		!memcmp(name + namelen - ksuffixlen, kstar + 1, ksuffixlen);
+	if (ret && value) {
+		const char *vstar = strchr(value, '*');
+		size_t vlen;
+		size_t vsuffixlen;
+		if (!vstar)
+			die("Value '%s' of pattern has no '*'", value);
+		vlen = vstar - value;
+		vsuffixlen = strlen(vstar + 1);
+		*result = xmalloc(vlen + vsuffixlen +
+				  strlen(name) -
+				  klen - ksuffixlen + 1);
+		strncpy(*result, value, vlen);
+		strncpy(*result + vlen,
+			name + klen, namelen - klen - ksuffixlen);
+		strcpy(*result + vlen + namelen - klen - ksuffixlen,
+		       vstar + 1);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
+{
+	int find_src = refspec->src == NULL;
+	char *needle, **result;
+	int i;
+
+	if (find_src) {
+		if (!refspec->dst)
+			return error("find_tracking: need either src or dst");
+		needle = refspec->dst;
+		result = &refspec->src;
+	} else {
+		needle = refspec->src;
+		result = &refspec->dst;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec *fetch = &remote->fetch[i];
+		const char *key = find_src ? fetch->dst : fetch->src;
+		const char *value = find_src ? fetch->src : fetch->dst;
+		if (!fetch->dst)
+			continue;
+		if (fetch->pattern) {
+			if (match_name_with_pattern(key, needle, value, result)) {
+				refspec->force = fetch->force;
+				return 0;
+			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(needle, key)) {
+			*result = xstrdup(value);
+			refspec->force = fetch->force;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static struct ref *alloc_ref_with_prefix(const char *prefix, size_t prefixlen,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	size_t len = strlen(name);
+	struct ref *ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref) + prefixlen + len + 1);
+	memcpy(ref->name, prefix, prefixlen);
+	memcpy(ref->name + prefixlen, name, len);
+	return ref;
+}
+
+struct ref *alloc_ref(const char *name)
+{
+	return alloc_ref_with_prefix("", 0, name);
+}
+
+static struct ref *copy_ref(const struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct ref *cpy;
+	size_t len;
+	if (!ref)
+		return NULL;
+	len = strlen(ref->name);
+	cpy = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
+	memcpy(cpy, ref, sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
+	cpy->next = NULL;
+	cpy->symref = ref->symref ? xstrdup(ref->symref) : NULL;
+	cpy->remote_status = ref->remote_status ? xstrdup(ref->remote_status) : NULL;
+	cpy->peer_ref = copy_ref(ref->peer_ref);
+	return cpy;
+}
+
+struct ref *copy_ref_list(const struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct ref *ret = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &ret;
+	while (ref) {
+		*tail = copy_ref(ref);
+		ref = ref->next;
+		tail = &((*tail)->next);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void free_ref(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	if (!ref)
+		return;
+	free_ref(ref->peer_ref);
+	free(ref->remote_status);
+	free(ref->symref);
+	free(ref);
+}
+
+void free_refs(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct ref *next;
+	while (ref) {
+		next = ref->next;
+		free_ref(ref);
+		ref = next;
+	}
+}
+
+static int count_refspec_match(const char *pattern,
+			       struct ref *refs,
+			       struct ref **matched_ref)
+{
+	int patlen = strlen(pattern);
+	struct ref *matched_weak = NULL;
+	struct ref *matched = NULL;
+	int weak_match = 0;
+	int match = 0;
+
+	for (weak_match = match = 0; refs; refs = refs->next) {
+		char *name = refs->name;
+		int namelen = strlen(name);
+
+		if (!refname_match(pattern, name, ref_rev_parse_rules))
+			continue;
+
+		/* A match is "weak" if it is with refs outside
+		 * heads or tags, and did not specify the pattern
+		 * in full (e.g. "refs/remotes/origin/master") or at
+		 * least from the toplevel (e.g. "remotes/origin/master");
+		 * otherwise "git push $URL master" would result in
+		 * ambiguity between remotes/origin/master and heads/master
+		 * at the remote site.
+		 */
+		if (namelen != patlen &&
+		    patlen != namelen - 5 &&
+		    prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") &&
+		    prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/")) {
+			/* We want to catch the case where only weak
+			 * matches are found and there are multiple
+			 * matches, and where more than one strong
+			 * matches are found, as ambiguous.  One
+			 * strong match with zero or more weak matches
+			 * are acceptable as a unique match.
+			 */
+			matched_weak = refs;
+			weak_match++;
+		}
+		else {
+			matched = refs;
+			match++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!matched) {
+		*matched_ref = matched_weak;
+		return weak_match;
+	}
+	else {
+		*matched_ref = matched;
+		return match;
+	}
+}
+
+static void tail_link_ref(struct ref *ref, struct ref ***tail)
+{
+	**tail = ref;
+	while (ref->next)
+		ref = ref->next;
+	*tail = &ref->next;
+}
+
+static struct ref *try_explicit_object_name(const char *name)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct ref *ref;
+
+	if (!*name) {
+		ref = alloc_ref("(delete)");
+		hashclr(ref->new_sha1);
+		return ref;
+	}
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+		return NULL;
+	ref = alloc_ref(name);
+	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
+	return ref;
+}
+
+static struct ref *make_linked_ref(const char *name, struct ref ***tail)
+{
+	struct ref *ret = alloc_ref(name);
+	tail_link_ref(ret, tail);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static char *guess_ref(const char *name, struct ref *peer)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	const char *r = resolve_ref(peer->name, sha1, 1, NULL);
+	if (!r)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(r, "refs/heads/"))
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/heads/");
+	else if (!prefixcmp(r, "refs/tags/"))
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/tags/");
+	else
+		return NULL;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, name);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
+			  struct ref ***dst_tail,
+			  struct refspec *rs)
+{
+	struct ref *matched_src, *matched_dst;
+	int copy_src;
+
+	const char *dst_value = rs->dst;
+	char *dst_guess;
+
+	if (rs->pattern || rs->matching)
+		return 0;
+
+	matched_src = matched_dst = NULL;
+	switch (count_refspec_match(rs->src, src, &matched_src)) {
+	case 1:
+		copy_src = 1;
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		/* The source could be in the get_sha1() format
+		 * not a reference name.  :refs/other is a
+		 * way to delete 'other' ref at the remote end.
+		 */
+		matched_src = try_explicit_object_name(rs->src);
+		if (!matched_src)
+			return error("src refspec %s does not match any.", rs->src);
+		copy_src = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return error("src refspec %s matches more than one.", rs->src);
+	}
+
+	if (!dst_value) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		int flag;
+
+		dst_value = resolve_ref(matched_src->name, sha1, 1, &flag);
+		if (!dst_value ||
+		    ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		     prefixcmp(dst_value, "refs/heads/")))
+			die("%s cannot be resolved to branch.",
+			    matched_src->name);
+	}
+
+	switch (count_refspec_match(dst_value, dst, &matched_dst)) {
+	case 1:
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		if (!memcmp(dst_value, "refs/", 5))
+			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_value, dst_tail);
+		else if((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src)))
+			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_guess, dst_tail);
+		else
+			error("unable to push to unqualified destination: %s\n"
+			      "The destination refspec neither matches an "
+			      "existing ref on the remote nor\n"
+			      "begins with refs/, and we are unable to "
+			      "guess a prefix based on the source ref.",
+			      dst_value);
+		break;
+	default:
+		matched_dst = NULL;
+		error("dst refspec %s matches more than one.",
+		      dst_value);
+		break;
+	}
+	if (!matched_dst)
+		return -1;
+	if (matched_dst->peer_ref)
+		return error("dst ref %s receives from more than one src.",
+		      matched_dst->name);
+	else {
+		matched_dst->peer_ref = copy_src ? copy_ref(matched_src) : matched_src;
+		matched_dst->force = rs->force;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_explicit_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
+			       struct ref ***dst_tail, struct refspec *rs,
+			       int rs_nr)
+{
+	int i, errs;
+	for (i = errs = 0; i < rs_nr; i++)
+		errs += match_explicit(src, dst, dst_tail, &rs[i]);
+	return errs;
+}
+
+static const struct refspec *check_pattern_match(const struct refspec *rs,
+						 int rs_nr,
+						 const struct ref *src)
+{
+	int i;
+	int matching_refs = -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < rs_nr; i++) {
+		if (rs[i].matching &&
+		    (matching_refs == -1 || rs[i].force)) {
+			matching_refs = i;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (rs[i].pattern && match_name_with_pattern(rs[i].src, src->name,
+							     NULL, NULL))
+			return rs + i;
+	}
+	if (matching_refs != -1)
+		return rs + matching_refs;
+	else
+		return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct ref **tail_ref(struct ref **head)
+{
+	struct ref **tail = head;
+	while (*tail)
+		tail = &((*tail)->next);
+	return tail;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note. This is used only by "push"; refspec matching rules for
+ * push and fetch are subtly different, so do not try to reuse it
+ * without thinking.
+ */
+int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
+	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int flags)
+{
+	struct refspec *rs;
+	int send_all = flags & MATCH_REFS_ALL;
+	int send_mirror = flags & MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+	int errs;
+	static const char *default_refspec[] = { ":", NULL };
+	struct ref **dst_tail = tail_ref(dst);
+
+	if (!nr_refspec) {
+		nr_refspec = 1;
+		refspec = default_refspec;
+	}
+	rs = parse_push_refspec(nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec);
+	errs = match_explicit_refs(src, *dst, &dst_tail, rs, nr_refspec);
+
+	/* pick the remainder */
+	for ( ; src; src = src->next) {
+		struct ref *dst_peer;
+		const struct refspec *pat = NULL;
+		char *dst_name;
+		if (src->peer_ref)
+			continue;
+
+		pat = check_pattern_match(rs, nr_refspec, src);
+		if (!pat)
+			continue;
+
+		if (pat->matching) {
+			/*
+			 * "matching refs"; traditionally we pushed everything
+			 * including refs outside refs/heads/ hierarchy, but
+			 * that does not make much sense these days.
+			 */
+			if (!send_mirror && prefixcmp(src->name, "refs/heads/"))
+				continue;
+			dst_name = xstrdup(src->name);
+
+		} else {
+			const char *dst_side = pat->dst ? pat->dst : pat->src;
+			if (!match_name_with_pattern(pat->src, src->name,
+						     dst_side, &dst_name))
+				die("Didn't think it matches any more");
+		}
+		dst_peer = find_ref_by_name(*dst, dst_name);
+		if (dst_peer) {
+			if (dst_peer->peer_ref)
+				/* We're already sending something to this ref. */
+				goto free_name;
+
+		} else {
+			if (pat->matching && !(send_all || send_mirror))
+				/*
+				 * Remote doesn't have it, and we have no
+				 * explicit pattern, and we don't have
+				 * --all nor --mirror.
+				 */
+				goto free_name;
+
+			/* Create a new one and link it */
+			dst_peer = make_linked_ref(dst_name, &dst_tail);
+			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, src->new_sha1);
+		}
+		dst_peer->peer_ref = copy_ref(src);
+		dst_peer->force = pat->force;
+	free_name:
+		free(dst_name);
+	}
+	if (errs)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct branch *branch_get(const char *name)
+{
+	struct branch *ret;
+
+	read_config();
+	if (!name || !*name || !strcmp(name, "HEAD"))
+		ret = current_branch;
+	else
+		ret = make_branch(name, 0);
+	if (ret && ret->remote_name) {
+		ret->remote = remote_get(ret->remote_name);
+		if (ret->merge_nr) {
+			int i;
+			ret->merge = xcalloc(sizeof(*ret->merge),
+					     ret->merge_nr);
+			for (i = 0; i < ret->merge_nr; i++) {
+				ret->merge[i] = xcalloc(1, sizeof(**ret->merge));
+				ret->merge[i]->src = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
+				if (remote_find_tracking(ret->remote, ret->merge[i])
+				    && !strcmp(ret->remote_name, "."))
+					ret->merge[i]->dst = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int branch_has_merge_config(struct branch *branch)
+{
+	return branch && !!branch->merge;
+}
+
+int branch_merge_matches(struct branch *branch,
+		                 int i,
+		                 const char *refname)
+{
+	if (!branch || i < 0 || i >= branch->merge_nr)
+		return 0;
+	return refname_match(branch->merge[i]->src, refname, ref_fetch_rules);
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_expanded_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
+				    const struct refspec *refspec)
+{
+	const struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref *ret = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &ret;
+
+	char *expn_name;
+
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (strchr(ref->name, '^'))
+			continue; /* a dereference item */
+		if (match_name_with_pattern(refspec->src, ref->name,
+					    refspec->dst, &expn_name)) {
+			struct ref *cpy = copy_ref(ref);
+
+			cpy->peer_ref = alloc_ref(expn_name);
+			free(expn_name);
+			if (refspec->force)
+				cpy->peer_ref->force = 1;
+			*tail = cpy;
+			tail = &cpy->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const struct ref *find_ref_by_name_abbrev(const struct ref *refs, const char *name)
+{
+	const struct ref *ref;
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (refname_match(name, ref->name, ref_fetch_rules))
+			return ref;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name)
+{
+	const struct ref *ref = find_ref_by_name_abbrev(remote_refs, name);
+
+	if (!ref)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return copy_ref(ref);
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_local_ref(const char *name)
+{
+	if (!name || name[0] == '\0')
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/"))
+		return alloc_ref(name);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(name, "heads/") ||
+	    !prefixcmp(name, "tags/") ||
+	    !prefixcmp(name, "remotes/"))
+		return alloc_ref_with_prefix("refs/", 5, name);
+
+	return alloc_ref_with_prefix("refs/heads/", 11, name);
+}
+
+int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
+		  const struct refspec *refspec,
+		  struct ref ***tail,
+		  int missing_ok)
+{
+	struct ref *ref_map, **rmp;
+
+	if (refspec->pattern) {
+		ref_map = get_expanded_map(remote_refs, refspec);
+	} else {
+		const char *name = refspec->src[0] ? refspec->src : "HEAD";
+
+		ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, name);
+		if (!missing_ok && !ref_map)
+			die("Couldn't find remote ref %s", name);
+		if (ref_map) {
+			ref_map->peer_ref = get_local_ref(refspec->dst);
+			if (ref_map->peer_ref && refspec->force)
+				ref_map->peer_ref->force = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (rmp = &ref_map; *rmp; ) {
+		if ((*rmp)->peer_ref) {
+			int st = check_ref_format((*rmp)->peer_ref->name + 5);
+			if (st && st != CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL) {
+				struct ref *ignore = *rmp;
+				error("* Ignoring funny ref '%s' locally",
+				      (*rmp)->peer_ref->name);
+				*rmp = (*rmp)->next;
+				free(ignore->peer_ref);
+				free(ignore);
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		rmp = &((*rmp)->next);
+	}
+
+	if (ref_map)
+		tail_link_ref(ref_map, tail);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list)
+{
+	if (!ref->symref)
+		return 0;
+	for (; list; list = list->next)
+		if (!strcmp(ref->symref, list->name)) {
+			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, list->old_sha1);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit_list *temp = list;
+		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
+		list = temp->next;
+		free(temp);
+	}
+}
+
+int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
+{
+	struct object *o;
+	struct commit *old, *new;
+	struct commit_list *list, *used;
+	int found = 0;
+
+	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
+	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
+	 */
+	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+	old = (struct commit *) o;
+
+	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+	new = (struct commit *) o;
+
+	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	used = list = NULL;
+	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
+	while (list) {
+		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
+		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
+		if (new == old) {
+			found = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	unmark_and_free(list, TMP_MARK);
+	unmark_and_free(used, TMP_MARK);
+	return found;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return true if there is anything to report, otherwise false.
+ */
+int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *ours, *theirs;
+	char symmetric[84];
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	const char *rev_argv[10], *base;
+	int rev_argc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Nothing to report unless we are marked to build on top of
+	 * somebody else.
+	 */
+	if (!branch ||
+	    !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] || !branch->merge[0]->dst)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If what we used to build on no longer exists, there is
+	 * nothing to report.
+	 */
+	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
+	if (!resolve_ref(base, sha1, 1, NULL))
+		return 0;
+	theirs = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!theirs)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!resolve_ref(branch->refname, sha1, 1, NULL))
+		return 0;
+	ours = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!ours)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* are we the same? */
+	if (theirs == ours)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Run "rev-list --left-right ours...theirs" internally... */
+	rev_argc = 0;
+	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = NULL;
+	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = "--left-right";
+	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = symmetric;
+	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = "--";
+	rev_argv[rev_argc] = NULL;
+
+	strcpy(symmetric, sha1_to_hex(ours->object.sha1));
+	strcpy(symmetric + 40, "...");
+	strcpy(symmetric + 43, sha1_to_hex(theirs->object.sha1));
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(rev_argc, rev_argv, &revs, NULL);
+	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
+
+	/* ... and count the commits on each side. */
+	*num_ours = 0;
+	*num_theirs = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		struct commit *c = get_revision(&revs);
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+		if (c->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+			(*num_ours)++;
+		else
+			(*num_theirs)++;
+	}
+
+	/* clear object flags smudged by the above traversal */
+	clear_commit_marks(ours, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	clear_commit_marks(theirs, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return true when there is anything to report, otherwise false.
+ */
+int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int num_ours, num_theirs;
+	const char *base;
+
+	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs))
+		return 0;
+
+	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
+	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
+	if (!num_theirs)
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch is ahead of '%s' "
+			    "by %d commit%s.\n",
+			    base, num_ours, (num_ours == 1) ? "" : "s");
+	else if (!num_ours)
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch is behind '%s' "
+			    "by %d commit%s, "
+			    "and can be fast-forwarded.\n",
+			    base, num_theirs, (num_theirs == 1) ? "" : "s");
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+			    "and have %d and %d different commit(s) each, "
+			    "respectively.\n",
+			    base, num_ours, num_theirs);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref ***local_tail = cb_data;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int len;
+
+	/* we already know it starts with refs/ to get here */
+	if (check_ref_format(refname + 5))
+		return 0;
+
+	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
+	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
+	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
+	**local_tail = ref;
+	*local_tail = &ref->next;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref *get_local_heads(void)
+{
+	struct ref *local_refs = NULL, **local_tail = &local_refs;
+	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, &local_tail);
+	return local_refs;
+}
+
+struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
+			      const struct ref *refs,
+			      int all)
+{
+	const struct ref *r;
+	struct ref *list = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &list;
+
+	if (!head)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Some transports support directly peeking at
+	 * where HEAD points; if that is the case, then
+	 * we don't have to guess.
+	 */
+	if (head->symref)
+		return copy_ref(find_ref_by_name(refs, head->symref));
+
+	/* If refs/heads/master could be right, it is. */
+	if (!all) {
+		r = find_ref_by_name(refs, "refs/heads/master");
+		if (r && !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1))
+			return copy_ref(r);
+	}
+
+	/* Look for another ref that points there */
+	for (r = refs; r; r = r->next) {
+		if (r != head && !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1)) {
+			*tail = copy_ref(r);
+			tail = &((*tail)->next);
+			if (!all)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return list;
+}
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5db842087d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#ifndef REMOTE_H
+#define REMOTE_H
+
+enum {
+	REMOTE_CONFIG,
+	REMOTE_REMOTES,
+	REMOTE_BRANCHES
+};
+
+struct remote {
+	const char *name;
+	int origin;
+
+	const char **url;
+	int url_nr;
+	int url_alloc;
+
+	const char **pushurl;
+	int pushurl_nr;
+	int pushurl_alloc;
+
+	const char **push_refspec;
+	struct refspec *push;
+	int push_refspec_nr;
+	int push_refspec_alloc;
+
+	const char **fetch_refspec;
+	struct refspec *fetch;
+	int fetch_refspec_nr;
+	int fetch_refspec_alloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * -1 to never fetch tags
+	 * 0 to auto-follow tags on heuristic (default)
+	 * 1 to always auto-follow tags
+	 * 2 to always fetch tags
+	 */
+	int fetch_tags;
+	int skip_default_update;
+	int mirror;
+
+	const char *receivepack;
+	const char *uploadpack;
+
+	/*
+	 * for curl remotes only
+	 */
+	char *http_proxy;
+};
+
+struct remote *remote_get(const char *name);
+int remote_is_configured(const char *name);
+
+typedef int each_remote_fn(struct remote *remote, void *priv);
+int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv);
+
+int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url);
+
+struct refspec {
+	unsigned force : 1;
+	unsigned pattern : 1;
+	unsigned matching : 1;
+
+	char *src;
+	char *dst;
+};
+
+extern const struct refspec *tag_refspec;
+
+struct ref *alloc_ref(const char *name);
+
+struct ref *copy_ref_list(const struct ref *ref);
+
+int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags);
+
+/*
+ * Frees the entire list and peers of elements.
+ */
+void free_refs(struct ref *ref);
+
+int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list);
+int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Removes and frees any duplicate refs in the map.
+ */
+void ref_remove_duplicates(struct ref *ref_map);
+
+int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *refspec);
+struct refspec *parse_fetch_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec);
+
+int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
+	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int all);
+
+/*
+ * Given a list of the remote refs and the specification of things to
+ * fetch, makes a (separate) list of the refs to fetch and the local
+ * refs to store into.
+ *
+ * *tail is the pointer to the tail pointer of the list of results
+ * beforehand, and will be set to the tail pointer of the list of
+ * results afterward.
+ *
+ * missing_ok is usually false, but when we are adding branch.$name.merge
+ * it is Ok if the branch is not at the remote anymore.
+ */
+int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs, const struct refspec *refspec,
+		  struct ref ***tail, int missing_ok);
+
+struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name);
+
+/*
+ * For the given remote, reads the refspec's src and sets the other fields.
+ */
+int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec);
+
+struct branch {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *refname;
+
+	const char *remote_name;
+	struct remote *remote;
+
+	const char **merge_name;
+	struct refspec **merge;
+	int merge_nr;
+	int merge_alloc;
+};
+
+struct branch *branch_get(const char *name);
+
+int branch_has_merge_config(struct branch *branch);
+int branch_merge_matches(struct branch *, int n, const char *);
+
+/* Flags to match_refs. */
+enum match_refs_flags {
+	MATCH_REFS_NONE		= 0,
+	MATCH_REFS_ALL 		= (1 << 0),
+	MATCH_REFS_MIRROR	= (1 << 1),
+};
+
+/* Reporting of tracking info */
+int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs);
+int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb);
+
+struct ref *get_local_heads(void);
+/*
+ * Find refs from a list which are likely to be pointed to by the given HEAD
+ * ref. If 'all' is false, returns the most likely ref; otherwise, returns a
+ * list of all candidate refs. If no match is found (or 'head' is NULL),
+ * returns NULL. All returns are newly allocated and should be freed.
+ */
+struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
+			      const struct ref *refs,
+			      int all);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87360dc23e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+
+/* if rerere_enabled == -1, fall back to detection of .git/rr-cache */
+static int rerere_enabled = -1;
+
+/* automatically update cleanly resolved paths to the index */
+static int rerere_autoupdate;
+
+static char *merge_rr_path;
+
+const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file)
+{
+	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", hex, file);
+}
+
+int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	return !stat(rerere_path(hex, "postimage"), &st);
+}
+
+static void read_rr(struct string_list *rr)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char buf[PATH_MAX];
+	FILE *in = fopen(merge_rr_path, "r");
+	if (!in)
+		return;
+	while (fread(buf, 40, 1, in) == 1) {
+		int i;
+		char *name;
+		if (get_sha1_hex(buf, sha1))
+			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
+		buf[40] = '\0';
+		name = xstrdup(buf);
+		if (fgetc(in) != '\t')
+			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
+		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) && (buf[i] = fgetc(in)); i++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		if (i == sizeof(buf))
+			die("filename too long");
+		string_list_insert(buf, rr)->util = name;
+	}
+	fclose(in);
+}
+
+static struct lock_file write_lock;
+
+static int write_rr(struct string_list *rr, int out_fd)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
+		const char *path;
+		int length;
+		if (!rr->items[i].util)
+			continue;
+		path = rr->items[i].string;
+		length = strlen(path) + 1;
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, rr->items[i].util, 40) != 40 ||
+		    write_in_full(out_fd, "\t", 1) != 1 ||
+		    write_in_full(out_fd, path, length) != length)
+			die("unable to write rerere record");
+	}
+	if (commit_lock_file(&write_lock) != 0)
+		die("unable to write rerere record");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void ferr_write(const void *p, size_t count, FILE *fp, int *err)
+{
+	if (!count || *err)
+		return;
+	if (fwrite(p, count, 1, fp) != 1)
+		*err = errno;
+}
+
+static inline void ferr_puts(const char *s, FILE *fp, int *err)
+{
+	ferr_write(s, strlen(s), fp, err);
+}
+
+static int handle_file(const char *path,
+	 unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
+{
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	char buf[1024];
+	int hunk_no = 0;
+	enum {
+		RR_CONTEXT = 0, RR_SIDE_1, RR_SIDE_2, RR_ORIGINAL,
+	} hunk = RR_CONTEXT;
+	struct strbuf one = STRBUF_INIT, two = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
+	FILE *out = NULL;
+	int wrerror = 0;
+
+	if (!f)
+		return error("Could not open %s", path);
+
+	if (output) {
+		out = fopen(output, "w");
+		if (!out) {
+			fclose(f);
+			return error("Could not write %s", output);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (sha1)
+		git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf, "<<<<<<< ")) {
+			if (hunk != RR_CONTEXT)
+				goto bad;
+			hunk = RR_SIDE_1;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf, "|||||||") && isspace(buf[7])) {
+			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_1)
+				goto bad;
+			hunk = RR_ORIGINAL;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf, "=======") && isspace(buf[7])) {
+			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_1 && hunk != RR_ORIGINAL)
+				goto bad;
+			hunk = RR_SIDE_2;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf, ">>>>>>> ")) {
+			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_2)
+				goto bad;
+			if (strbuf_cmp(&one, &two) > 0)
+				strbuf_swap(&one, &two);
+			hunk_no++;
+			hunk = RR_CONTEXT;
+			if (out) {
+				ferr_puts("<<<<<<<\n", out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_write(one.buf, one.len, out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_puts("=======\n", out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_write(two.buf, two.len, out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_puts(">>>>>>>\n", out, &wrerror);
+			}
+			if (sha1) {
+				git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, one.buf ? one.buf : "",
+					    one.len + 1);
+				git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, two.buf ? two.buf : "",
+					    two.len + 1);
+			}
+			strbuf_reset(&one);
+			strbuf_reset(&two);
+		} else if (hunk == RR_SIDE_1)
+			strbuf_addstr(&one, buf);
+		else if (hunk == RR_ORIGINAL)
+			; /* discard */
+		else if (hunk == RR_SIDE_2)
+			strbuf_addstr(&two, buf);
+		else if (out)
+			ferr_puts(buf, out, &wrerror);
+		continue;
+	bad:
+		hunk = 99; /* force error exit */
+		break;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&one);
+	strbuf_release(&two);
+
+	fclose(f);
+	if (wrerror)
+		error("There were errors while writing %s (%s)",
+		      path, strerror(wrerror));
+	if (out && fclose(out))
+		wrerror = error("Failed to flush %s: %s",
+				path, strerror(errno));
+	if (sha1)
+		git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	if (hunk != RR_CONTEXT) {
+		if (output)
+			unlink_or_warn(output);
+		return error("Could not parse conflict hunks in %s", path);
+	}
+	if (wrerror)
+		return -1;
+	return hunk_no;
+}
+
+static int find_conflict(struct string_list *conflict)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		return error("Could not read index");
+	for (i = 0; i+1 < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *e2 = active_cache[i];
+		struct cache_entry *e3 = active_cache[i+1];
+		if (ce_stage(e2) == 2 &&
+		    ce_stage(e3) == 3 &&
+		    ce_same_name(e2, e3) &&
+		    S_ISREG(e2->ce_mode) &&
+		    S_ISREG(e3->ce_mode)) {
+			string_list_insert((const char *)e2->name, conflict);
+			i++; /* skip over both #2 and #3 */
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merge(const char *name, const char *path)
+{
+	int ret;
+	mmfile_t cur, base, other;
+	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
+	xpparam_t xpp = {XDF_NEED_MINIMAL};
+
+	if (handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (read_mmfile(&cur, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) ||
+			read_mmfile(&base, rerere_path(name, "preimage")) ||
+			read_mmfile(&other, rerere_path(name, "postimage")))
+		return 1;
+	ret = xdl_merge(&base, &cur, "", &other, "",
+			&xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS, &result);
+	if (!ret) {
+		FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
+		if (!f)
+			return error("Could not open %s: %s", path,
+				     strerror(errno));
+		if (fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
+			error("Could not write %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		if (fclose(f))
+			return error("Writing %s failed: %s", path,
+				     strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	free(cur.ptr);
+	free(base.ptr);
+	free(other.ptr);
+	free(result.ptr);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct lock_file index_lock;
+
+static int update_paths(struct string_list *update)
+{
+	int i;
+	int fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
+	int status = 0;
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < update->nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item = &update->items[i];
+		if (add_file_to_cache(item->string, ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS))
+			status = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!status && active_cache_changed) {
+		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+			die("Unable to write new index file");
+	} else if (fd >= 0)
+		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
+{
+	struct string_list conflict = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct string_list update = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	int i;
+
+	find_conflict(&conflict);
+
+	/*
+	 * MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after merge
+	 * failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been hand resolved
+	 * in the working tree since then, but the initial run would catch all
+	 * and register their preimages.
+	 */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < conflict.nr; i++) {
+		const char *path = conflict.items[i].string;
+		if (!string_list_has_string(rr, path)) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			char *hex;
+			int ret;
+			ret = handle_file(path, sha1, NULL);
+			if (ret < 1)
+				continue;
+			hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			string_list_insert(path, rr)->util = hex;
+			if (mkdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex), 0755))
+				continue;
+			handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(hex, "preimage"));
+			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now some of the paths that had conflicts earlier might have been
+	 * hand resolved.  Others may be similar to a conflict already that
+	 * was resolved before.
+	 */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
+		int ret;
+		const char *path = rr->items[i].string;
+		const char *name = (const char *)rr->items[i].util;
+
+		if (has_rerere_resolution(name)) {
+			if (!merge(name, path)) {
+				if (rerere_autoupdate)
+					string_list_insert(path, &update);
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"%s '%s' using previous resolution.\n",
+					rerere_autoupdate
+					? "Staged" : "Resolved",
+					path);
+				goto mark_resolved;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Let's see if we have resolved it. */
+		ret = handle_file(path, NULL, NULL);
+		if (ret)
+			continue;
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "Recorded resolution for '%s'.\n", path);
+		copy_file(rerere_path(name, "postimage"), path, 0666);
+	mark_resolved:
+		rr->items[i].util = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (update.nr)
+		update_paths(&update);
+
+	return write_rr(rr, fd);
+}
+
+static int git_rerere_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "rerere.enabled"))
+		rerere_enabled = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "rerere.autoupdate"))
+		rerere_autoupdate = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	else
+		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_rerere_enabled(void)
+{
+	const char *rr_cache;
+	int rr_cache_exists;
+
+	if (!rerere_enabled)
+		return 0;
+
+	rr_cache = git_path("rr-cache");
+	rr_cache_exists = is_directory(rr_cache);
+	if (rerere_enabled < 0)
+		return rr_cache_exists;
+
+	if (!rr_cache_exists &&
+	    (mkdir(rr_cache, 0777) || adjust_shared_perm(rr_cache)))
+		die("Could not create directory %s", rr_cache);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int setup_rerere(struct string_list *merge_rr)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	git_config(git_rerere_config, NULL);
+	if (!is_rerere_enabled())
+		return -1;
+
+	merge_rr_path = git_pathdup("MERGE_RR");
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&write_lock, merge_rr_path,
+				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	read_rr(merge_rr);
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int rerere(void)
+{
+	struct string_list merge_rr = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return 0;
+	return do_plain_rerere(&merge_rr, fd);
+}
diff --git a/rerere.h b/rerere.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13313f3f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rerere.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef RERERE_H
+#define RERERE_H
+
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+extern int setup_rerere(struct string_list *);
+extern int rerere(void);
+extern const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file);
+extern int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 486393cb08..9f5dac5f1d 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -6,12 +6,18 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "graph.h"
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "patch-ids.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
 
-static char *path_name(struct name_path *path, const char *name)
+volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
+
+char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name)
 {
-	struct name_path *p;
+	const struct name_path *p;
 	char *n, *m;
 	int nlen = strlen(name);
 	int len = nlen + 1;
@@ -43,6 +49,8 @@ void add_object(struct object *obj,
 
 static void mark_blob_uninteresting(struct blob *blob)
 {
+	if (!blob)
+		return;
 	if (blob->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		return;
 	blob->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -54,6 +62,8 @@ void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree)
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 
+	if (!tree)
+		return;
 	if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -64,10 +74,17 @@ void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree)
 
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+		switch (object_type(entry.mode)) {
+		case OBJ_TREE:
 			mark_tree_uninteresting(lookup_tree(entry.sha1));
-		else
+			break;
+		case OBJ_BLOB:
 			mark_blob_uninteresting(lookup_blob(entry.sha1));
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* Subproject commit - not in this repository */
+			break;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -113,14 +130,32 @@ void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
 	}
 }
 
-void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *obj, const char *name)
+static void add_pending_object_with_mode(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *obj, const char *name, unsigned mode)
 {
 	if (revs->no_walk && (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
-		die("object ranges do not make sense when not walking revisions");
-	add_object_array(obj, name, &revs->pending);
-	if (revs->reflog_info && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		add_reflog_for_walk(revs->reflog_info,
-				(struct commit *)obj, name);
+		revs->no_walk = 0;
+	if (revs->reflog_info && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT &&
+			add_reflog_for_walk(revs->reflog_info,
+				(struct commit *)obj, name))
+		return;
+	add_object_array_with_mode(obj, name, &revs->pending, mode);
+}
+
+void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *obj, const char *name)
+{
+	add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, obj, name, S_IFINVALID);
+}
+
+void add_head_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object *obj;
+	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
+		return;
+	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj)
+		return;
+	add_pending_object(revs, obj, "HEAD");
 }
 
 static struct object *get_reference(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flags)
@@ -145,9 +180,14 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *object
 		struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) object;
 		if (revs->tag_objects && !(flags & UNINTERESTING))
 			add_pending_object(revs, object, tag->tag);
+		if (!tag->tagged)
+			die("bad tag");
 		object = parse_object(tag->tagged->sha1);
-		if (!object)
+		if (!object) {
+			if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				return NULL;
 			die("bad object %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -163,11 +203,13 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *object
 			mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
 			revs->limited = 1;
 		}
+		if (revs->show_source && !commit->util)
+			commit->util = (void *) name;
 		return commit;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Tree object? Either mark it uniniteresting, or add it
+	 * Tree object? Either mark it uninteresting, or add it
 	 * to the list of objects to look at later..
 	 */
 	if (object->type == OBJ_TREE) {
@@ -214,68 +256,80 @@ static int everybody_uninteresting(struct commit_list *orig)
 
 /*
  * The goal is to get REV_TREE_NEW as the result only if the
- * diff consists of all '+' (and no other changes), and
- * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT otherwise (of course if the trees are
- * the same we want REV_TREE_SAME).  That means that once we
- * get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not have to look any further.
+ * diff consists of all '+' (and no other changes), REV_TREE_OLD
+ * if the whole diff is removal of old data, and otherwise
+ * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT (of course if the trees are the same we
+ * want REV_TREE_SAME).
+ * That means that once we get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not
+ * have to look any further.
  */
 static int tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
 
 static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    const char *base, const char *path)
+		    const char *fullpath)
 {
-	int diff = REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+	int diff = addremove == '+' ? REV_TREE_NEW : REV_TREE_OLD;
 
-	/*
-	 * Is it an add of a new file? It means that the old tree
-	 * didn't have it at all, so we will turn "REV_TREE_SAME" ->
-	 * "REV_TREE_NEW", but leave any "REV_TREE_DIFFERENT" alone
-	 * (and if it already was "REV_TREE_NEW", we'll keep it
-	 * "REV_TREE_NEW" of course).
-	 */
-	if (addremove == '+') {
-		diff = tree_difference;
-		if (diff != REV_TREE_SAME)
-			return;
-		diff = REV_TREE_NEW;
-	}
-	tree_difference = diff;
+	tree_difference |= diff;
 	if (tree_difference == REV_TREE_DIFFERENT)
-		options->has_changes = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
 static void file_change(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 const char *base, const char *path)
+		 const char *fullpath)
 {
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
-	options->has_changes = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
-int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1, struct tree *t2)
+static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *parent, struct commit *commit)
 {
+	struct tree *t1 = parent->tree;
+	struct tree *t2 = commit->tree;
+
 	if (!t1)
 		return REV_TREE_NEW;
 	if (!t2)
-		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+		return REV_TREE_OLD;
+
+	if (revs->simplify_by_decoration) {
+		/*
+		 * If we are simplifying by decoration, then the commit
+		 * is worth showing if it has a tag pointing at it.
+		 */
+		if (lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object))
+			return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+		/*
+		 * A commit that is not pointed by a tag is uninteresting
+		 * if we are not limited by path.  This means that you will
+		 * see the usual "commits that touch the paths" plus any
+		 * tagged commit by specifying both --simplify-by-decoration
+		 * and pathspec.
+		 */
+		if (!revs->prune_data)
+			return REV_TREE_SAME;
+	}
+
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
-	revs->pruning.has_changes = 0;
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs->pruning, HAS_CHANGES);
 	if (diff_tree_sha1(t1->object.sha1, t2->object.sha1, "",
 			   &revs->pruning) < 0)
 		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
 	return tree_difference;
 }
 
-int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1)
+static int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	int retval;
 	void *tree;
 	unsigned long size;
 	struct tree_desc empty, real;
+	struct tree *t1 = commit->tree;
 
 	if (!t1)
 		return 0;
@@ -287,7 +341,7 @@ int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1)
 	init_tree_desc(&empty, "", 0);
 
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
-	revs->pruning.has_changes = 0;
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs->pruning, HAS_CHANGES);
 	retval = diff_tree(&empty, &real, "", &revs->pruning);
 	free(tree);
 
@@ -299,21 +353,37 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 	struct commit_list **pp, *parent;
 	int tree_changed = 0, tree_same = 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * If we don't do pruning, everything is interesting
+	 */
+	if (!revs->prune)
+		return;
+
 	if (!commit->tree)
 		return;
 
 	if (!commit->parents) {
-		if (!rev_same_tree_as_empty(revs, commit->tree))
-			commit->object.flags |= TREECHANGE;
+		if (rev_same_tree_as_empty(revs, commit))
+			commit->object.flags |= TREESAME;
 		return;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Normal non-merge commit? If we don't want to make the
+	 * history dense, we consider it always to be a change..
+	 */
+	if (!revs->dense && !commit->parents->next)
+		return;
+
 	pp = &commit->parents;
 	while ((parent = *pp) != NULL) {
 		struct commit *p = parent->item;
 
-		parse_commit(p);
-		switch (rev_compare_tree(revs, p->tree, commit->tree)) {
+		if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+			die("cannot simplify commit %s (because of %s)",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
+			    sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1));
+		switch (rev_compare_tree(revs, p, commit)) {
 		case REV_TREE_SAME:
 			tree_same = 1;
 			if (!revs->simplify_history || (p->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)) {
@@ -328,11 +398,12 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 			}
 			parent->next = NULL;
 			commit->parents = parent;
+			commit->object.flags |= TREESAME;
 			return;
 
 		case REV_TREE_NEW:
 			if (revs->remove_empty_trees &&
-			    rev_same_tree_as_empty(revs, p->tree)) {
+			    rev_same_tree_as_empty(revs, p)) {
 				/* We are adding all the specified
 				 * paths from this parent, so the
 				 * history beyond this parent is not
@@ -341,10 +412,14 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 				 * IOW, we pretend this parent is a
 				 * "root" commit.
 				 */
-				parse_commit(p);
+				if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+					die("cannot simplify commit %s (invalid %s)",
+					    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
+					    sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1));
 				p->parents = NULL;
 			}
 		/* fallthrough */
+		case REV_TREE_OLD:
 		case REV_TREE_DIFFERENT:
 			tree_changed = 1;
 			pp = &parent->next;
@@ -353,17 +428,33 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 		die("bad tree compare for commit %s", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	}
 	if (tree_changed && !tree_same)
-		commit->object.flags |= TREECHANGE;
+		return;
+	commit->object.flags |= TREESAME;
+}
+
+static void insert_by_date_cached(struct commit *p, struct commit_list **head,
+		    struct commit_list *cached_base, struct commit_list **cache)
+{
+	struct commit_list *new_entry;
+
+	if (cached_base && p->date < cached_base->item->date)
+		new_entry = insert_by_date(p, &cached_base->next);
+	else
+		new_entry = insert_by_date(p, head);
+
+	if (cache && (!*cache || p->date < (*cache)->item->date))
+		*cache = new_entry;
 }
 
-static void add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit, struct commit_list **list)
+static int add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
+		    struct commit_list **list, struct commit_list **cache_ptr)
 {
 	struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
 	unsigned left_flag;
-	int add, rest;
+	struct commit_list *cached_base = cache_ptr ? *cache_ptr : NULL;
 
 	if (commit->object.flags & ADDED)
-		return;
+		return 0;
 	commit->object.flags |= ADDED;
 
 	/*
@@ -382,16 +473,18 @@ static void add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit, st
 		while (parent) {
 			struct commit *p = parent->item;
 			parent = parent->next;
-			parse_commit(p);
-			p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			if (p)
+				p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+				continue;
 			if (p->parents)
 				mark_parents_uninteresting(p);
 			if (p->object.flags & SEEN)
 				continue;
 			p->object.flags |= SEEN;
-			insert_by_date(p, list);
+			insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
 		}
-		return;
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -399,31 +492,149 @@ static void add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit, st
 	 * simplify the commit history and find the parent
 	 * that has no differences in the path set if one exists.
 	 */
-	if (revs->prune_fn)
-		revs->prune_fn(revs, commit);
+	try_to_simplify_commit(revs, commit);
 
 	if (revs->no_walk)
-		return;
+		return 0;
 
 	left_flag = (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT);
 
-	rest = !revs->first_parent_only;
-	for (parent = commit->parents, add = 1; parent; add = rest) {
+	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
 		struct commit *p = parent->item;
 
-		parent = parent->next;
-		parse_commit(p);
+		if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if (revs->show_source && !p->util)
+			p->util = commit->util;
 		p->object.flags |= left_flag;
-		if (p->object.flags & SEEN)
+		if (!(p->object.flags & SEEN)) {
+			p->object.flags |= SEEN;
+			insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
+		}
+		if (revs->first_parent_only)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void cherry_pick_list(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	int left_count = 0, right_count = 0;
+	int left_first;
+	struct patch_ids ids;
+
+	/* First count the commits on the left and on the right */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+		if (flags & BOUNDARY)
+			;
+		else if (flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+			left_count++;
+		else
+			right_count++;
+	}
+
+	left_first = left_count < right_count;
+	init_patch_ids(&ids);
+	if (revs->diffopt.nr_paths) {
+		ids.diffopts.nr_paths = revs->diffopt.nr_paths;
+		ids.diffopts.paths = revs->diffopt.paths;
+		ids.diffopts.pathlens = revs->diffopt.pathlens;
+	}
+
+	/* Compute patch-ids for one side */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & BOUNDARY)
 			continue;
-		p->object.flags |= SEEN;
-		if (add)
-			insert_by_date(p, list);
+		/*
+		 * If we have fewer left, left_first is set and we omit
+		 * commits on the right branch in this loop.  If we have
+		 * fewer right, we skip the left ones.
+		 */
+		if (left_first != !!(flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT))
+			continue;
+		commit->util = add_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
 	}
+
+	/* Check the other side */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		struct patch_id *id;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & BOUNDARY)
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * If we have fewer left, left_first is set and we omit
+		 * commits on the left branch in this loop.
+		 */
+		if (left_first == !!(flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Have we seen the same patch id?
+		 */
+		id = has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
+		if (!id)
+			continue;
+		id->seen = 1;
+		commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+	}
+
+	/* Now check the original side for seen ones */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		struct patch_id *ent;
+
+		ent = commit->util;
+		if (!ent)
+			continue;
+		if (ent->seen)
+			commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+		commit->util = NULL;
+	}
+
+	free_patch_ids(&ids);
 }
 
-static void limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
+/* How many extra uninteresting commits we want to see.. */
+#define SLOP 5
+
+static int still_interesting(struct commit_list *src, unsigned long date, int slop)
 {
+	/*
+	 * No source list at all? We're definitely done..
+	 */
+	if (!src)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Does the destination list contain entries with a date
+	 * before the source list? Definitely _not_ done.
+	 */
+	if (date < src->item->date)
+		return SLOP;
+
+	/*
+	 * Does the source list still have interesting commits in
+	 * it? Definitely not done..
+	 */
+	if (!everybody_uninteresting(src))
+		return SLOP;
+
+	/* Ok, we're closing in.. */
+	return slop-1;
+}
+
+static int limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	int slop = SLOP;
+	unsigned long date = ~0ul;
 	struct commit_list *list = revs->commits;
 	struct commit_list *newlist = NULL;
 	struct commit_list **p = &newlist;
@@ -432,24 +643,44 @@ static void limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 		struct commit_list *entry = list;
 		struct commit *commit = list->item;
 		struct object *obj = &commit->object;
+		show_early_output_fn_t show;
 
 		list = list->next;
 		free(entry);
 
 		if (revs->max_age != -1 && (commit->date < revs->max_age))
 			obj->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-		add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &list);
+		if (add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &list, NULL) < 0)
+			return -1;
 		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING) {
 			mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
-			if (everybody_uninteresting(list))
-				break;
-			continue;
+			if (revs->show_all)
+				p = &commit_list_insert(commit, p)->next;
+			slop = still_interesting(list, date, slop);
+			if (slop)
+				continue;
+			/* If showing all, add the whole pending list to the end */
+			if (revs->show_all)
+				*p = list;
+			break;
 		}
 		if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
 			continue;
+		date = commit->date;
 		p = &commit_list_insert(commit, p)->next;
+
+		show = show_early_output;
+		if (!show)
+			continue;
+
+		show(revs, newlist);
+		show_early_output = NULL;
 	}
+	if (revs->cherry_pick)
+		cherry_pick_list(newlist, revs);
+
 	revs->commits = newlist;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 struct all_refs_cb {
@@ -468,12 +699,13 @@ static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void handle_all(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags)
+static void handle_refs(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags,
+		int (*for_each)(each_ref_fn, void *))
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb cb;
 	cb.all_revs = revs;
 	cb.all_flags = flags;
-	for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &cb);
+	for_each(handle_one_ref, &cb);
 }
 
 static void handle_one_reflog_commit(unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data)
@@ -536,6 +768,8 @@ static int add_parents_only(struct rev_info *revs, const char *arg, int flags)
 		it = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, 0);
 		if (it->type != OBJ_TAG)
 			break;
+		if (!((struct tag*)it)->tagged)
+			return 0;
 		hashcpy(sha1, ((struct tag*)it)->tagged->sha1);
 	}
 	if (it->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
@@ -556,8 +790,8 @@ void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix)
 	revs->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	revs->ignore_merges = 1;
 	revs->simplify_history = 1;
-	revs->pruning.recursive = 1;
-	revs->pruning.quiet = 1;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->pruning, RECURSIVE);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->pruning, QUIET);
 	revs->pruning.add_remove = file_add_remove;
 	revs->pruning.change = file_change;
 	revs->lifo = 1;
@@ -568,15 +802,17 @@ void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix)
 	revs->skip_count = -1;
 	revs->max_count = -1;
 
-	revs->prune_fn = NULL;
-	revs->prune_data = NULL;
-
-	revs->topo_setter = topo_sort_default_setter;
-	revs->topo_getter = topo_sort_default_getter;
-
 	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
 
+	revs->grep_filter.status_only = 1;
+	revs->grep_filter.pattern_tail = &(revs->grep_filter.pattern_list);
+	revs->grep_filter.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
+
 	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
+	if (prefix && !revs->diffopt.prefix) {
+		revs->diffopt.prefix = prefix;
+		revs->diffopt.prefix_length = strlen(prefix);
+	}
 }
 
 static void add_pending_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
@@ -606,14 +842,9 @@ static void prepare_show_merge(struct rev_info *revs)
 	add_pending_object(revs, &head->object, "HEAD");
 	add_pending_object(revs, &other->object, "MERGE_HEAD");
 	bases = get_merge_bases(head, other, 1);
-	while (bases) {
-		struct commit *it = bases->item;
-		struct commit_list *n = bases->next;
-		free(bases);
-		bases = n;
-		it->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-		add_pending_object(revs, &it->object, "(merge-base)");
-	}
+	add_pending_commit_list(revs, bases, UNINTERESTING);
+	free_commit_list(bases);
+	head->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
 
 	if (!active_nr)
 		read_cache();
@@ -632,12 +863,14 @@ static void prepare_show_merge(struct rev_info *revs)
 			i++;
 	}
 	revs->prune_data = prune;
+	revs->limited = 1;
 }
 
 int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,
 			int flags,
 			int cant_be_filename)
 {
+	unsigned mode;
 	char *dotdot;
 	struct object *object;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -711,44 +944,40 @@ int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,
 		local_flags = UNINTERESTING;
 		arg++;
 	}
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+	if (get_sha1_with_mode(arg, sha1, &mode))
 		return -1;
 	if (!cant_be_filename)
 		verify_non_filename(revs->prefix, arg);
 	object = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, flags ^ local_flags);
-	add_pending_object(revs, object, arg);
+	add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, arg, mode);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	char line[1000];
+
+	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
+		int len = strlen(line);
+		if (len && line[len - 1] == '\n')
+			line[--len] = '\0';
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+		if (line[0] == '-')
+			die("options not supported in --stdin mode");
+		if (handle_revision_arg(line, revs, 0, 1))
+			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
+	}
+}
+
 static void add_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *ptn, enum grep_pat_token what)
 {
-	if (!revs->grep_filter) {
-		struct grep_opt *opt = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*opt));
-		opt->status_only = 1;
-		opt->pattern_tail = &(opt->pattern_list);
-		opt->regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
-		revs->grep_filter = opt;
-	}
-	append_grep_pattern(revs->grep_filter, ptn,
-			    "command line", 0, what);
+	append_grep_pattern(&revs->grep_filter, ptn, "command line", 0, what);
 }
 
-static void add_header_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *field, const char *pattern)
+static void add_header_grep(struct rev_info *revs, enum grep_header_field field, const char *pattern)
 {
-	char *pat;
-	const char *prefix;
-	int patlen, fldlen;
-
-	fldlen = strlen(field);
-	patlen = strlen(pattern);
-	pat = xmalloc(patlen + fldlen + 10);
-	prefix = ".*";
-	if (*pattern == '^') {
-		prefix = "";
-		pattern++;
-	}
-	sprintf(pat, "^%s %s%s", field, prefix, pattern);
-	add_grep(revs, pat, GREP_PATTERN_HEAD);
+	append_header_grep_pattern(&revs->grep_filter, field, pattern);
 }
 
 static void add_message_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *pattern)
@@ -756,14 +985,235 @@ static void add_message_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *pattern)
 	add_grep(revs, pattern, GREP_PATTERN_BODY);
 }
 
-static void add_ignore_packed(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name)
+static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv,
+			       int *unkc, const char **unkv)
 {
-	int num = ++revs->num_ignore_packed;
+	const char *arg = argv[0];
+
+	/* pseudo revision arguments */
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "--all") || !strcmp(arg, "--branches") ||
+	    !strcmp(arg, "--tags") || !strcmp(arg, "--remotes") ||
+	    !strcmp(arg, "--reflog") || !strcmp(arg, "--not") ||
+	    !strcmp(arg, "--no-walk") || !strcmp(arg, "--do-walk"))
+	{
+		unkv[(*unkc)++] = arg;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-count=")) {
+		revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 12);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--skip=")) {
+		revs->skip_count = atoi(arg + 7);
+	} else if ((*arg == '-') && isdigit(arg[1])) {
+	/* accept -<digit>, like traditional "head" */
+		revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 1);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-n")) {
+		if (argc <= 1)
+			return error("-n requires an argument");
+		revs->max_count = atoi(argv[1]);
+		return 2;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-n")) {
+		revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 2);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-age=")) {
+		revs->max_age = atoi(arg + 10);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--since=")) {
+		revs->max_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--after=")) {
+		revs->max_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--min-age=")) {
+		revs->min_age = atoi(arg + 10);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--before=")) {
+		revs->min_age = approxidate(arg + 9);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--until=")) {
+		revs->min_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--first-parent")) {
+		revs->first_parent_only = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-g") || !strcmp(arg, "--walk-reflogs")) {
+		init_reflog_walk(&revs->reflog_info);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--default")) {
+		if (argc <= 1)
+			return error("bad --default argument");
+		revs->def = argv[1];
+		return 2;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merge")) {
+		revs->show_merge = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--topo-order")) {
+		revs->lifo = 1;
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--simplify-merges")) {
+		revs->simplify_merges = 1;
+		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
+		revs->simplify_history = 0;
+		revs->limited = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--simplify-by-decoration")) {
+		revs->simplify_merges = 1;
+		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
+		revs->simplify_history = 0;
+		revs->simplify_by_decoration = 1;
+		revs->limited = 1;
+		revs->prune = 1;
+		load_ref_decorations();
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order")) {
+		revs->lifo = 0;
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--early-output")) {
+		int count = 100;
+		switch (arg[14]) {
+		case '=':
+			count = atoi(arg+15);
+			/* Fallthrough */
+		case 0:
+			revs->topo_order = 1;
+		       revs->early_output = count;
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--parents")) {
+		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
+		revs->print_parents = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--dense")) {
+		revs->dense = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sparse")) {
+		revs->dense = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-all")) {
+		revs->show_all = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
+		revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merges")) {
+		revs->merges_only = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-merges")) {
+		revs->no_merges = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--boundary")) {
+		revs->boundary = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--left-right")) {
+		revs->left_right = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cherry-pick")) {
+		revs->cherry_pick = 1;
+		revs->limited = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--objects")) {
+		revs->tag_objects = 1;
+		revs->tree_objects = 1;
+		revs->blob_objects = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--objects-edge")) {
+		revs->tag_objects = 1;
+		revs->tree_objects = 1;
+		revs->blob_objects = 1;
+		revs->edge_hint = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--unpacked")) {
+		revs->unpacked = 1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--unpacked=")) {
+		die("--unpacked=<packfile> no longer supported.");
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-r")) {
+		revs->diff = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-t")) {
+		revs->diff = 1;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
+		revs->ignore_merges = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-c")) {
+		revs->diff = 1;
+		revs->dense_combined_merges = 0;
+		revs->combine_merges = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cc")) {
+		revs->diff = 1;
+		revs->dense_combined_merges = 1;
+		revs->combine_merges = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
+		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pretty")) {
+		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		get_commit_format(arg+8, revs);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pretty=") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--format=")) {
+		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		get_commit_format(arg+9, revs);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--oneline")) {
+		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		get_commit_format("oneline", revs);
+		revs->abbrev_commit = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--graph")) {
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
+		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
+		revs->graph = graph_init(revs);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--root")) {
+		revs->show_root_diff = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-commit-id")) {
+		revs->no_commit_id = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--always")) {
+		revs->always_show_header = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-abbrev")) {
+		revs->abbrev = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev")) {
+		revs->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
+		revs->abbrev = strtoul(arg + 9, NULL, 10);
+		if (revs->abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
+			revs->abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
+		else if (revs->abbrev > 40)
+			revs->abbrev = 40;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev-commit")) {
+		revs->abbrev_commit = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-diff")) {
+		revs->diff = 1;
+		revs->full_diff = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-history")) {
+		revs->simplify_history = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative-date")) {
+		revs->date_mode = DATE_RELATIVE;
+	} else if (!strncmp(arg, "--date=", 7)) {
+		revs->date_mode = parse_date_format(arg + 7);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--log-size")) {
+		revs->show_log_size = 1;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Grepping the commit log
+	 */
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--author=")) {
+		add_header_grep(revs, GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR, arg+9);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--committer=")) {
+		add_header_grep(revs, GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER, arg+12);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--grep=")) {
+		add_message_grep(revs, arg+7);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--extended-regexp") || !strcmp(arg, "-E")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--regexp-ignore-case") || !strcmp(arg, "-i")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fixed-strings") || !strcmp(arg, "-F")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.fixed = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all-match")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.all_match = 1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--encoding=")) {
+		arg += 11;
+		if (strcmp(arg, "none"))
+			git_log_output_encoding = xstrdup(arg);
+		else
+			git_log_output_encoding = "";
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--reverse")) {
+		revs->reverse ^= 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--children")) {
+		revs->children.name = "children";
+		revs->limited = 1;
+	} else {
+		int opts = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv, argc);
+		if (!opts)
+			unkv[(*unkc)++] = arg;
+		return opts;
+	}
 
-	revs->ignore_packed = xrealloc(revs->ignore_packed,
-				       sizeof(const char **) * (num + 1));
-	revs->ignore_packed[num-1] = name;
-	revs->ignore_packed[num] = NULL;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			const struct option *options,
+			const char * const usagestr[])
+{
+	int n = handle_revision_opt(revs, ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
+				    &ctx->cpidx, ctx->out);
+	if (n <= 0) {
+		error("unknown option `%s'", ctx->argv[0]);
+		usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
+	}
+	ctx->argv += n;
+	ctx->argc -= n;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -775,10 +1225,7 @@ static void add_ignore_packed(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name)
  */
 int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const char *def)
 {
-	int i, flags, seen_dashdash, show_merge;
-	const char **unrecognized = argv + 1;
-	int left = 1;
-	int all_match = 0;
+	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash;
 
 	/* First, search for "--" */
 	seen_dashdash = 0;
@@ -788,278 +1235,60 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 			continue;
 		argv[i] = NULL;
 		argc = i;
-		revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix, argv + i + 1);
+		if (argv[i + 1])
+			revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix, argv + i + 1);
 		seen_dashdash = 1;
 		break;
 	}
 
-	flags = show_merge = 0;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	/* Second, deal with arguments and options */
+	flags = 0;
+	for (left = i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			int opts;
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-count=")) {
-				revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 12);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--skip=")) {
-				revs->skip_count = atoi(arg + 7);
-				continue;
-			}
-			/* accept -<digit>, like traditional "head" */
-			if ((*arg == '-') && isdigit(arg[1])) {
-				revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 1);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-n")) {
-				if (argc <= i + 1)
-					die("-n requires an argument");
-				revs->max_count = atoi(argv[++i]);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-n")) {
-				revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 2);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-age=")) {
-				revs->max_age = atoi(arg + 10);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--since=")) {
-				revs->max_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--after=")) {
-				revs->max_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--min-age=")) {
-				revs->min_age = atoi(arg + 10);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--before=")) {
-				revs->min_age = approxidate(arg + 9);
+
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_ref);
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, head_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--until=")) {
-				revs->min_age = approxidate(arg + 8);
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--branches")) {
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_branch_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-				handle_all(revs, flags);
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_tag_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--first-parent")) {
-				revs->first_parent_only = 1;
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--remotes")) {
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_remote_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--reflog")) {
 				handle_reflog(revs, flags);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-g") ||
-					!strcmp(arg, "--walk-reflogs")) {
-				init_reflog_walk(&revs->reflog_info);
-				continue;
-			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--not")) {
 				flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--default")) {
-				if (++i >= argc)
-					die("bad --default argument");
-				def = argv[i];
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--merge")) {
-				show_merge = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--topo-order")) {
-				revs->topo_order = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order")) {
-				revs->lifo = 0;
-				revs->topo_order = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--parents")) {
-				revs->parents = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--dense")) {
-				revs->dense = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--sparse")) {
-				revs->dense = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
-				revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-merges")) {
-				revs->no_merges = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--boundary")) {
-				revs->boundary = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--left-right")) {
-				revs->left_right = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--objects")) {
-				revs->tag_objects = 1;
-				revs->tree_objects = 1;
-				revs->blob_objects = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--objects-edge")) {
-				revs->tag_objects = 1;
-				revs->tree_objects = 1;
-				revs->blob_objects = 1;
-				revs->edge_hint = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--unpacked")) {
-				revs->unpacked = 1;
-				free(revs->ignore_packed);
-				revs->ignore_packed = NULL;
-				revs->num_ignore_packed = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--unpacked=")) {
-				revs->unpacked = 1;
-				add_ignore_packed(revs, arg+11);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-r")) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
-				revs->diffopt.recursive = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-t")) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
-				revs->diffopt.recursive = 1;
-				revs->diffopt.tree_in_recursive = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
-				revs->ignore_merges = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-c")) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
-				revs->dense_combined_merges = 0;
-				revs->combine_merges = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--cc")) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
-				revs->dense_combined_merges = 1;
-				revs->combine_merges = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-				revs->verbose_header = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pretty")) {
-				revs->verbose_header = 1;
-				revs->commit_format = get_commit_format(arg+8);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--root")) {
-				revs->show_root_diff = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-commit-id")) {
-				revs->no_commit_id = 1;
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-walk")) {
+				revs->no_walk = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--always")) {
-				revs->always_show_header = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-abbrev")) {
-				revs->abbrev = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev")) {
-				revs->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-				revs->abbrev = strtoul(arg + 9, NULL, 10);
-				if (revs->abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-					revs->abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-				else if (revs->abbrev > 40)
-					revs->abbrev = 40;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev-commit")) {
-				revs->abbrev_commit = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-diff")) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
-				revs->full_diff = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-history")) {
-				revs->simplify_history = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative-date")) {
-				revs->relative_date = 1;
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--do-walk")) {
+				revs->no_walk = 0;
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			/*
-			 * Grepping the commit log
-			 */
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--author=")) {
-				add_header_grep(revs, "author", arg+9);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--committer=")) {
-				add_header_grep(revs, "committer", arg+12);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--grep=")) {
-				add_message_grep(revs, arg+7);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all-match")) {
-				all_match = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--encoding=")) {
-				arg += 11;
-				if (strcmp(arg, "none"))
-					git_log_output_encoding = xstrdup(arg);
-				else
-					git_log_output_encoding = "";
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--reverse")) {
-				revs->reverse ^= 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			opts = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv+i, argc-i);
+			opts = handle_revision_opt(revs, argc - i, argv + i, &left, argv);
 			if (opts > 0) {
-				revs->diff = 1;
 				i += opts - 1;
 				continue;
 			}
-			*unrecognized++ = arg;
-			left++;
+			if (opts < 0)
+				exit(128);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -1083,23 +1312,38 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (show_merge)
+	if (revs->def == NULL)
+		revs->def = def;
+	if (revs->show_merge)
 		prepare_show_merge(revs);
-	if (def && !revs->pending.nr) {
+	if (revs->def && !revs->pending.nr) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		struct object *object;
-		if (get_sha1(def, sha1))
-			die("bad default revision '%s'", def);
-		object = get_reference(revs, def, sha1, 0);
-		add_pending_object(revs, object, def);
+		unsigned mode;
+		if (get_sha1_with_mode(revs->def, sha1, &mode))
+			die("bad default revision '%s'", revs->def);
+		object = get_reference(revs, revs->def, sha1, 0);
+		add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, revs->def, mode);
 	}
 
+	/* Did the user ask for any diff output? Run the diff! */
+	if (revs->diffopt.output_format & ~DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT)
+		revs->diff = 1;
+
+	/* Pickaxe, diff-filter and rename following need diffs */
+	if (revs->diffopt.pickaxe ||
+	    revs->diffopt.filter ||
+	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
+		revs->diff = 1;
+
 	if (revs->topo_order)
 		revs->limited = 1;
 
 	if (revs->prune_data) {
 		diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data, &revs->pruning);
-		revs->prune_fn = try_to_simplify_commit;
+		/* Can't prune commits with rename following: the paths change.. */
+		if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
+			revs->prune = 1;
 		if (!revs->full_diff)
 			diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data, &revs->diffopt);
 	}
@@ -1112,15 +1356,219 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 	if (diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt) < 0)
 		die("diff_setup_done failed");
 
-	if (revs->grep_filter) {
-		revs->grep_filter->all_match = all_match;
-		compile_grep_patterns(revs->grep_filter);
-	}
+	compile_grep_patterns(&revs->grep_filter);
+
+	if (revs->reverse && revs->reflog_info)
+		die("cannot combine --reverse with --walk-reflogs");
+	if (revs->rewrite_parents && revs->children.name)
+		die("cannot combine --parents and --children");
+
+	/*
+	 * Limitations on the graph functionality
+	 */
+	if (revs->reverse && revs->graph)
+		die("cannot combine --reverse with --graph");
+
+	if (revs->reflog_info && revs->graph)
+		die("cannot combine --walk-reflogs with --graph");
 
 	return left;
 }
 
-void prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
+static void add_child(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *parent, struct commit *child)
+{
+	struct commit_list *l = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*l));
+
+	l->item = child;
+	l->next = add_decoration(&revs->children, &parent->object, l);
+}
+
+static int remove_duplicate_parents(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list **pp, *p;
+	int surviving_parents;
+
+	/* Examine existing parents while marking ones we have seen... */
+	pp = &commit->parents;
+	while ((p = *pp) != NULL) {
+		struct commit *parent = p->item;
+		if (parent->object.flags & TMP_MARK) {
+			*pp = p->next;
+			continue;
+		}
+		parent->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
+		pp = &p->next;
+	}
+	/* count them while clearing the temporary mark */
+	surviving_parents = 0;
+	for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		p->item->object.flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
+		surviving_parents++;
+	}
+	return surviving_parents;
+}
+
+struct merge_simplify_state {
+	struct commit *simplified;
+};
+
+static struct merge_simplify_state *locate_simplify_state(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct merge_simplify_state *st;
+
+	st = lookup_decoration(&revs->merge_simplification, &commit->object);
+	if (!st) {
+		st = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*st));
+		add_decoration(&revs->merge_simplification, &commit->object, st);
+	}
+	return st;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list **simplify_one(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit, struct commit_list **tail)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	struct merge_simplify_state *st, *pst;
+	int cnt;
+
+	st = locate_simplify_state(revs, commit);
+
+	/*
+	 * Have we handled this one?
+	 */
+	if (st->simplified)
+		return tail;
+
+	/*
+	 * An UNINTERESTING commit simplifies to itself, so does a
+	 * root commit.  We do not rewrite parents of such commit
+	 * anyway.
+	 */
+	if ((commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) || !commit->parents) {
+		st->simplified = commit;
+		return tail;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do we know what commit all of our parents should be rewritten to?
+	 * Otherwise we are not ready to rewrite this one yet.
+	 */
+	for (cnt = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		pst = locate_simplify_state(revs, p->item);
+		if (!pst->simplified) {
+			tail = &commit_list_insert(p->item, tail)->next;
+			cnt++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (cnt) {
+		tail = &commit_list_insert(commit, tail)->next;
+		return tail;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Rewrite our list of parents.
+	 */
+	for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		pst = locate_simplify_state(revs, p->item);
+		p->item = pst->simplified;
+	}
+	cnt = remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
+
+	/*
+	 * It is possible that we are a merge and one side branch
+	 * does not have any commit that touches the given paths;
+	 * in such a case, the immediate parents will be rewritten
+	 * to different commits.
+	 *
+	 *      o----X		X: the commit we are looking at;
+	 *     /    /		o: a commit that touches the paths;
+	 * ---o----'
+	 *
+	 * Further reduce the parents by removing redundant parents.
+	 */
+	if (1 < cnt) {
+		struct commit_list *h = reduce_heads(commit->parents);
+		cnt = commit_list_count(h);
+		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
+		commit->parents = h;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * A commit simplifies to itself if it is a root, if it is
+	 * UNINTERESTING, if it touches the given paths, or if it is a
+	 * merge and its parents simplifies to more than one commits
+	 * (the first two cases are already handled at the beginning of
+	 * this function).
+	 *
+	 * Otherwise, it simplifies to what its sole parent simplifies to.
+	 */
+	if (!cnt ||
+	    (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) ||
+	    !(commit->object.flags & TREESAME) ||
+	    (1 < cnt))
+		st->simplified = commit;
+	else {
+		pst = locate_simplify_state(revs, commit->parents->item);
+		st->simplified = pst->simplified;
+	}
+	return tail;
+}
+
+static void simplify_merges(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit_list *list;
+	struct commit_list *yet_to_do, **tail;
+
+	if (!revs->topo_order)
+		sort_in_topological_order(&revs->commits, revs->lifo);
+	if (!revs->prune)
+		return;
+
+	/* feed the list reversed */
+	yet_to_do = NULL;
+	for (list = revs->commits; list; list = list->next)
+		commit_list_insert(list->item, &yet_to_do);
+	while (yet_to_do) {
+		list = yet_to_do;
+		yet_to_do = NULL;
+		tail = &yet_to_do;
+		while (list) {
+			struct commit *commit = list->item;
+			struct commit_list *next = list->next;
+			free(list);
+			list = next;
+			tail = simplify_one(revs, commit, tail);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* clean up the result, removing the simplified ones */
+	list = revs->commits;
+	revs->commits = NULL;
+	tail = &revs->commits;
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
+		struct merge_simplify_state *st;
+		free(list);
+		list = next;
+		st = locate_simplify_state(revs, commit);
+		if (st->simplified == commit)
+			tail = &commit_list_insert(commit, tail)->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_children(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit_list *l;
+	for (l = revs->commits; l; l = l->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = l->item;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+
+		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next)
+			add_child(revs, p->item, commit);
+	}
+}
+
+int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	int nr = revs->pending.nr;
 	struct object_array_entry *e, *list;
@@ -1142,53 +1590,114 @@ void prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 	free(list);
 
 	if (revs->no_walk)
-		return;
+		return 0;
 	if (revs->limited)
-		limit_list(revs);
+		if (limit_list(revs) < 0)
+			return -1;
 	if (revs->topo_order)
-		sort_in_topological_order_fn(&revs->commits, revs->lifo,
-					     revs->topo_setter,
-					     revs->topo_getter);
+		sort_in_topological_order(&revs->commits, revs->lifo);
+	if (revs->simplify_merges)
+		simplify_merges(revs);
+	if (revs->children.name)
+		set_children(revs);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int rewrite_one(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit **pp)
+enum rewrite_result {
+	rewrite_one_ok,
+	rewrite_one_noparents,
+	rewrite_one_error,
+};
+
+static enum rewrite_result rewrite_one(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit **pp)
 {
+	struct commit_list *cache = NULL;
+
 	for (;;) {
 		struct commit *p = *pp;
 		if (!revs->limited)
-			add_parents_to_list(revs, p, &revs->commits);
+			if (add_parents_to_list(revs, p, &revs->commits, &cache) < 0)
+				return rewrite_one_error;
 		if (p->parents && p->parents->next)
-			return 0;
-		if (p->object.flags & (TREECHANGE | UNINTERESTING))
-			return 0;
+			return rewrite_one_ok;
+		if (p->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			return rewrite_one_ok;
+		if (!(p->object.flags & TREESAME))
+			return rewrite_one_ok;
 		if (!p->parents)
-			return -1;
+			return rewrite_one_noparents;
 		*pp = p->parents->item;
 	}
 }
 
-static void rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+static int rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct commit_list **pp = &commit->parents;
 	while (*pp) {
 		struct commit_list *parent = *pp;
-		if (rewrite_one(revs, &parent->item) < 0) {
+		switch (rewrite_one(revs, &parent->item)) {
+		case rewrite_one_ok:
+			break;
+		case rewrite_one_noparents:
 			*pp = parent->next;
 			continue;
+		case rewrite_one_error:
+			return -1;
 		}
 		pp = &parent->next;
 	}
+	remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int commit_match(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *opt)
 {
-	if (!opt->grep_filter)
+	if (!opt->grep_filter.pattern_list)
 		return 1;
-	return grep_buffer(opt->grep_filter,
+	return grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter,
 			   NULL, /* we say nothing, not even filename */
 			   commit->buffer, strlen(commit->buffer));
 }
 
+static inline int want_ancestry(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	return (revs->rewrite_parents || revs->children.name);
+}
+
+enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->unpacked && has_sha1_pack(commit->object.sha1))
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->show_all)
+		return commit_show;
+	if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->no_merges && commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->merges_only && !(commit->parents && commit->parents->next))
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (!commit_match(commit, revs))
+		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->prune && revs->dense) {
+		/* Commit without changes? */
+		if (commit->object.flags & TREESAME) {
+			/* drop merges unless we want parenthood */
+			if (!want_ancestry(revs))
+				return commit_ignore;
+			/* non-merge - always ignore it */
+			if (!commit->parents || !commit->parents->next)
+				return commit_ignore;
+		}
+		if (want_ancestry(revs) && rewrite_parents(revs, commit) < 0)
+			return commit_error;
+	}
+	return commit_show;
+}
+
 static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	if (!revs->commits)
@@ -1213,38 +1722,20 @@ static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 			if (revs->max_age != -1 &&
 			    (commit->date < revs->max_age))
 				continue;
-			add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &revs->commits);
+			if (add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &revs->commits, NULL) < 0)
+				die("Failed to traverse parents of commit %s",
+				    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		}
-		if (commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
-			continue;
-
-		if (revs->unpacked && has_sha1_pack(commit->object.sha1,
-						    revs->ignore_packed))
-		    continue;
 
-		if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
-			continue;
-		if (revs->no_merges &&
-		    commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
+		switch (simplify_commit(revs, commit)) {
+		case commit_ignore:
 			continue;
-		if (!commit_match(commit, revs))
-			continue;
-		if (revs->prune_fn && revs->dense) {
-			/* Commit without changes? */
-			if (!(commit->object.flags & TREECHANGE)) {
-				/* drop merges unless we want parenthood */
-				if (!revs->parents)
-					continue;
-				/* non-merge - always ignore it */
-				if (!commit->parents || !commit->parents->next)
-					continue;
-			}
-			if (revs->parents)
-				rewrite_parents(revs, commit);
+		case commit_error:
+			die("Failed to simplify parents of commit %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		default:
+			return commit;
 		}
-		return commit;
 	} while (revs->commits);
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1270,49 +1761,63 @@ static void gc_boundary(struct object_array *array)
 	}
 }
 
-struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs)
+static void create_boundary_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
-	struct commit *c = NULL;
-	struct commit_list *l;
+	unsigned i;
+	struct commit *c;
+	struct object_array *array = &revs->boundary_commits;
+	struct object_array_entry *objects = array->objects;
 
-	if (revs->boundary == 2) {
-		unsigned i;
-		struct object_array *array = &revs->boundary_commits;
-		struct object_array_entry *objects = array->objects;
-		for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
-			c = (struct commit *)(objects[i].item);
-			if (!c)
-				continue;
-			if (!(c->object.flags & CHILD_SHOWN))
-				continue;
-			if (!(c->object.flags & SHOWN))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (array->nr <= i)
-			return NULL;
+	/*
+	 * If revs->commits is non-NULL at this point, an error occurred in
+	 * get_revision_1().  Ignore the error and continue printing the
+	 * boundary commits anyway.  (This is what the code has always
+	 * done.)
+	 */
+	if (revs->commits) {
+		free_commit_list(revs->commits);
+		revs->commits = NULL;
+	}
 
-		c->object.flags |= SHOWN | BOUNDARY;
-		return c;
+	/*
+	 * Put all of the actual boundary commits from revs->boundary_commits
+	 * into revs->commits
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
+		c = (struct commit *)(objects[i].item);
+		if (!c)
+			continue;
+		if (!(c->object.flags & CHILD_SHOWN))
+			continue;
+		if (c->object.flags & (SHOWN | BOUNDARY))
+			continue;
+		c->object.flags |= BOUNDARY;
+		commit_list_insert(c, &revs->commits);
 	}
 
-	if (revs->reverse) {
-		int limit = -1;
+	/*
+	 * If revs->topo_order is set, sort the boundary commits
+	 * in topological order
+	 */
+	sort_in_topological_order(&revs->commits, revs->lifo);
+}
 
-		if (0 <= revs->max_count) {
-			limit = revs->max_count;
-			if (0 < revs->skip_count)
-				limit += revs->skip_count;
-		}
-		l = NULL;
-		while ((c = get_revision_1(revs))) {
-			commit_list_insert(c, &l);
-			if ((0 < limit) && !--limit)
-				break;
-		}
-		revs->commits = l;
-		revs->reverse = 0;
-		revs->max_count = -1;
-		c = NULL;
+static struct commit *get_revision_internal(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit *c = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *l;
+
+	if (revs->boundary == 2) {
+		/*
+		 * All of the normal commits have already been returned,
+		 * and we are now returning boundary commits.
+		 * create_boundary_commit_list() has populated
+		 * revs->commits with the remaining commits to return.
+		 */
+		c = pop_commit(&revs->commits);
+		if (c)
+			c->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+		return c;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1355,7 +1860,14 @@ struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs)
 		 * switch to boundary commits output mode.
 		 */
 		revs->boundary = 2;
-		return get_revision(revs);
+
+		/*
+		 * Update revs->commits to contain the list of
+		 * boundary commits.
+		 */
+		create_boundary_commit_list(revs);
+
+		return get_revision_internal(revs);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1377,3 +1889,27 @@ struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs)
 
 	return c;
 }
+
+struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit *c;
+	struct commit_list *reversed;
+
+	if (revs->reverse) {
+		reversed = NULL;
+		while ((c = get_revision_internal(revs))) {
+			commit_list_insert(c, &reversed);
+		}
+		revs->commits = reversed;
+		revs->reverse = 0;
+		revs->reverse_output_stage = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (revs->reverse_output_stage)
+		return pop_commit(&revs->commits);
+
+	c = get_revision_internal(revs);
+	if (c && revs->graph)
+		graph_update(revs->graph, c);
+	return c;
+}
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 55e6b531ce..fb74492714 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
 #ifndef REVISION_H
 #define REVISION_H
 
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "grep.h"
+
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
 #define UNINTERESTING   (1u<<1)
-#define TREECHANGE	(1u<<2)
+#define TREESAME	(1u<<2)
 #define SHOWN		(1u<<3)
 #define TMP_MARK	(1u<<4) /* for isolated cases; clean after use */
 #define BOUNDARY	(1u<<5)
 #define CHILD_SHOWN	(1u<<6)
 #define ADDED		(1u<<7)	/* Parents already parsed and added? */
 #define SYMMETRIC_LEFT	(1u<<8)
+#define ALL_REV_FLAGS	((1u<<9)-1)
 
 struct rev_info;
 struct log_info;
 
-typedef void (prune_fn_t)(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit);
-
 struct rev_info {
 	/* Starting list */
 	struct commit_list *commits;
@@ -26,27 +28,38 @@ struct rev_info {
 
 	/* Basic information */
 	const char *prefix;
+	const char *def;
 	void *prune_data;
-	prune_fn_t *prune_fn;
+	unsigned int early_output;
 
 	/* Traversal flags */
 	unsigned int	dense:1,
+			prune:1,
 			no_merges:1,
+			merges_only:1,
 			no_walk:1,
+			show_all:1,
 			remove_empty_trees:1,
 			simplify_history:1,
 			lifo:1,
 			topo_order:1,
+			simplify_merges:1,
+			simplify_by_decoration:1,
 			tag_objects:1,
 			tree_objects:1,
 			blob_objects:1,
 			edge_hint:1,
 			limited:1,
-			unpacked:1, /* see also ignore_packed below */
+			unpacked:1,
 			boundary:2,
 			left_right:1,
-			parents:1,
+			rewrite_parents:1,
+			print_parents:1,
+			show_source:1,
+			show_decorations:1,
 			reverse:1,
+			reverse_output_stage:1,
+			cherry_pick:1,
 			first_parent_only:1;
 
 	/* Diff flags */
@@ -62,26 +75,33 @@ struct rev_info {
 
 	/* Format info */
 	unsigned int	shown_one:1,
+			show_merge:1,
 			abbrev_commit:1,
-			relative_date:1;
-
-	const char **ignore_packed; /* pretend objects in these are unpacked */
-	int num_ignore_packed;
+			use_terminator:1,
+			missing_newline:1;
+	enum date_mode date_mode;
 
 	unsigned int	abbrev;
 	enum cmit_fmt	commit_format;
 	struct log_info *loginfo;
 	int		nr, total;
 	const char	*mime_boundary;
-	const char	*message_id;
-	const char	*ref_message_id;
+	const char	*patch_suffix;
+	int		numbered_files;
+	char		*message_id;
+	struct string_list *ref_message_ids;
 	const char	*add_signoff;
 	const char	*extra_headers;
 	const char	*log_reencode;
+	const char	*subject_prefix;
 	int		no_inline;
+	int		show_log_size;
 
 	/* Filter by commit log message */
-	struct grep_opt	*grep_filter;
+	struct grep_opt	grep_filter;
+
+	/* Display history graph */
+	struct git_graph *graph;
 
 	/* special limits */
 	int skip_count;
@@ -93,25 +113,30 @@ struct rev_info {
 	struct diff_options diffopt;
 	struct diff_options pruning;
 
-	topo_sort_set_fn_t topo_setter;
-	topo_sort_get_fn_t topo_getter;
-
 	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
+	struct decoration children;
+	struct decoration merge_simplification;
 };
 
 #define REV_TREE_SAME		0
-#define REV_TREE_NEW		1
-#define REV_TREE_DIFFERENT	2
+#define REV_TREE_NEW		1	/* Only new files */
+#define REV_TREE_OLD		2	/* Only files removed */
+#define REV_TREE_DIFFERENT	3	/* Mixed changes */
 
 /* revision.c */
-extern int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *, struct tree *t1);
-extern int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *, struct tree *t1, struct tree *t2);
+void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs);
+
+typedef void (*show_early_output_fn_t)(struct rev_info *, struct commit_list *);
+extern volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
 extern void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix);
 extern int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const char *def);
+extern void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				 const struct option *options,
+				 const char * const usagestr[]);
 extern int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,int flags,int cant_be_filename);
 
-extern void prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
+extern int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
 extern struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs);
 
 extern void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit);
@@ -123,6 +148,8 @@ struct name_path {
 	const char *elem;
 };
 
+char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name);
+
 extern void add_object(struct object *obj,
 		       struct object_array *p,
 		       struct name_path *path,
@@ -130,4 +157,14 @@ extern void add_object(struct object *obj,
 
 extern void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *obj, const char *name);
 
+extern void add_head_to_pending(struct rev_info *);
+
+enum commit_action {
+	commit_ignore,
+	commit_show,
+	commit_error
+};
+
+extern enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/rsh.c b/rsh.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5754a230e2..0000000000
--- a/rsh.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "rsh.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-
-#define COMMAND_SIZE 4096
-
-int setup_connection(int *fd_in, int *fd_out, const char *remote_prog,
-		     char *url, int rmt_argc, char **rmt_argv)
-{
-	char *host;
-	char *path;
-	int sv[2];
-	char command[COMMAND_SIZE];
-	char *posn;
-	int sizen;
-	int of;
-	int i;
-	pid_t pid;
-
-	if (!strcmp(url, "-")) {
-		*fd_in = 0;
-		*fd_out = 1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	host = strstr(url, "//");
-	if (host) {
-		host += 2;
-		path = strchr(host, '/');
-	} else {
-		host = url;
-		path = strchr(host, ':');
-		if (path)
-			*(path++) = '\0';
-	}
-	if (!path) {
-		return error("Bad URL: %s", url);
-	}
-	/* $GIT_RSH <host> "env GIT_DIR=<path> <remote_prog> <args...>" */
-	sizen = COMMAND_SIZE;
-	posn = command;
-	of = 0;
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, "env ", 0);
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "=", 0);
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, path, 1);
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, " ", 0);
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, remote_prog, 1);
-
-	for ( i = 0 ; i < rmt_argc ; i++ ) {
-		of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, " ", 0);
-		of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, rmt_argv[i], 1);
-	}
-
-	of |= add_to_string(&posn, &sizen, " -", 0);
-
-	if ( of )
-		return error("Command line too long");
-
-	if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sv))
-		return error("Couldn't create socket");
-
-	pid = fork();
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return error("Couldn't fork");
-	if (!pid) {
-		const char *ssh, *ssh_basename;
-		ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
-		if (!ssh) ssh = "ssh";
-		ssh_basename = strrchr(ssh, '/');
-		if (!ssh_basename)
-			ssh_basename = ssh;
-		else
-			ssh_basename++;
-		close(sv[1]);
-		dup2(sv[0], 0);
-		dup2(sv[0], 1);
-		execlp(ssh, ssh_basename, host, command, NULL);
-	}
-	close(sv[0]);
-	*fd_in = sv[1];
-	*fd_out = sv[1];
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/rsh.h b/rsh.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b4194239d..0000000000
--- a/rsh.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef RSH_H
-#define RSH_H
-
-int setup_connection(int *fd_in, int *fd_out, const char *remote_prog, 
-		     char *url, int rmt_argc, char **rmt_argv);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index eff523e191..ff3d8e2d8b 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -17,15 +17,22 @@ static inline void dup_devnull(int to)
 
 int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	int need_in, need_out;
-	int fdin[2], fdout[2];
+	int need_in, need_out, need_err;
+	int fdin[2], fdout[2], fderr[2];
+
+	/*
+	 * In case of errors we must keep the promise to close FDs
+	 * that have been passed in via ->in and ->out.
+	 */
 
 	need_in = !cmd->no_stdin && cmd->in < 0;
 	if (need_in) {
-		if (pipe(fdin) < 0)
+		if (pipe(fdin) < 0) {
+			if (cmd->out > 0)
+				close(cmd->out);
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+		}
 		cmd->in = fdin[1];
-		cmd->close_in = 1;
 	}
 
 	need_out = !cmd->no_stdout
@@ -35,21 +42,34 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		if (pipe(fdout) < 0) {
 			if (need_in)
 				close_pair(fdin);
+			else if (cmd->in)
+				close(cmd->in);
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
 		}
 		cmd->out = fdout[0];
-		cmd->close_out = 1;
 	}
 
-	cmd->pid = fork();
-	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
-		if (need_in)
-			close_pair(fdin);
-		if (need_out)
-			close_pair(fdout);
-		return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
+	need_err = !cmd->no_stderr && cmd->err < 0;
+	if (need_err) {
+		if (pipe(fderr) < 0) {
+			if (need_in)
+				close_pair(fdin);
+			else if (cmd->in)
+				close(cmd->in);
+			if (need_out)
+				close_pair(fdout);
+			else if (cmd->out)
+				close(cmd->out);
+			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+		}
+		cmd->err = fderr[0];
 	}
 
+	trace_argv_printf(cmd->argv, "trace: run_command:");
+
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	fflush(NULL);
+	cmd->pid = fork();
 	if (!cmd->pid) {
 		if (cmd->no_stdin)
 			dup_devnull(0);
@@ -61,6 +81,13 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			close(cmd->in);
 		}
 
+		if (cmd->no_stderr)
+			dup_devnull(2);
+		else if (need_err) {
+			dup2(fderr[1], 2);
+			close_pair(fderr);
+		}
+
 		if (cmd->no_stdout)
 			dup_devnull(1);
 		else if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr)
@@ -73,12 +100,109 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			close(cmd->out);
 		}
 
+		if (cmd->dir && chdir(cmd->dir))
+			die_errno("exec '%s': cd to '%s' failed", cmd->argv[0],
+			    cmd->dir);
+		if (cmd->env) {
+			for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++) {
+				if (strchr(*cmd->env, '='))
+					putenv((char *)*cmd->env);
+				else
+					unsetenv(*cmd->env);
+			}
+		}
+		if (cmd->preexec_cb)
+			cmd->preexec_cb();
 		if (cmd->git_cmd) {
 			execv_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
 		} else {
 			execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
 		}
-		die("exec %s failed.", cmd->argv[0]);
+		trace_printf("trace: exec '%s' failed: %s\n", cmd->argv[0],
+				strerror(errno));
+		exit(127);
+	}
+#else
+	int s0 = -1, s1 = -1, s2 = -1;	/* backups of stdin, stdout, stderr */
+	const char **sargv = cmd->argv;
+	char **env = environ;
+
+	if (cmd->no_stdin) {
+		s0 = dup(0);
+		dup_devnull(0);
+	} else if (need_in) {
+		s0 = dup(0);
+		dup2(fdin[0], 0);
+	} else if (cmd->in) {
+		s0 = dup(0);
+		dup2(cmd->in, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->no_stderr) {
+		s2 = dup(2);
+		dup_devnull(2);
+	} else if (need_err) {
+		s2 = dup(2);
+		dup2(fderr[1], 2);
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->no_stdout) {
+		s1 = dup(1);
+		dup_devnull(1);
+	} else if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr) {
+		s1 = dup(1);
+		dup2(2, 1);
+	} else if (need_out) {
+		s1 = dup(1);
+		dup2(fdout[1], 1);
+	} else if (cmd->out > 1) {
+		s1 = dup(1);
+		dup2(cmd->out, 1);
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->dir)
+		die("chdir in start_command() not implemented");
+	if (cmd->env) {
+		env = copy_environ();
+		for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++)
+			env = env_setenv(env, *cmd->env);
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->git_cmd) {
+		cmd->argv = prepare_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
+	}
+
+	cmd->pid = mingw_spawnvpe(cmd->argv[0], cmd->argv, env);
+
+	if (cmd->env)
+		free_environ(env);
+	if (cmd->git_cmd)
+		free(cmd->argv);
+
+	cmd->argv = sargv;
+	if (s0 >= 0)
+		dup2(s0, 0), close(s0);
+	if (s1 >= 0)
+		dup2(s1, 1), close(s1);
+	if (s2 >= 0)
+		dup2(s2, 2), close(s2);
+#endif
+
+	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
+		if (need_in)
+			close_pair(fdin);
+		else if (cmd->in)
+			close(cmd->in);
+		if (need_out)
+			close_pair(fdout);
+		else if (cmd->out)
+			close(cmd->out);
+		if (need_err)
+			close_pair(fderr);
+		return err == ENOENT ?
+			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC :
+			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
 	}
 
 	if (need_in)
@@ -88,22 +212,20 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 
 	if (need_out)
 		close(fdout[1]);
-	else if (cmd->out > 1)
+	else if (cmd->out)
 		close(cmd->out);
 
+	if (need_err)
+		close(fderr[1]);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
+static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid)
 {
-	if (cmd->close_in)
-		close(cmd->in);
-	if (cmd->close_out)
-		close(cmd->out);
-
 	for (;;) {
 		int status, code;
-		pid_t waiting = waitpid(cmd->pid, &status, 0);
+		pid_t waiting = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
 
 		if (waiting < 0) {
 			if (errno == EINTR)
@@ -111,7 +233,7 @@ int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			error("waitpid failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID;
 		}
-		if (waiting != cmd->pid)
+		if (waiting != pid)
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID;
 		if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL;
@@ -119,12 +241,22 @@ int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		if (!WIFEXITED(status))
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT;
 		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		if (code)
+		switch (code) {
+		case 127:
+			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC;
+		case 0:
+			return 0;
+		default:
 			return -code;
-		return 0;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
+int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
+{
+	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid);
+}
+
 int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
 	int code = start_command(cmd);
@@ -133,13 +265,135 @@ int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 	return finish_command(cmd);
 }
 
+static void prepare_run_command_v_opt(struct child_process *cmd,
+				      const char **argv,
+				      int opt)
+{
+	memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+	cmd->argv = argv;
+	cmd->no_stdin = opt & RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN ? 1 : 0;
+	cmd->git_cmd = opt & RUN_GIT_CMD ? 1 : 0;
+	cmd->stdout_to_stderr = opt & RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt)
 {
 	struct child_process cmd;
-	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
-	cmd.argv = argv;
-	cmd.no_stdin = opt & RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN ? 1 : 0;
-	cmd.git_cmd = opt & RUN_GIT_CMD ? 1 : 0;
-	cmd.stdout_to_stderr = opt & RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR ? 1 : 0;
+	prepare_run_command_v_opt(&cmd, argv, opt);
+	return run_command(&cmd);
+}
+
+int run_command_v_opt_cd_env(const char **argv, int opt, const char *dir, const char *const *env)
+{
+	struct child_process cmd;
+	prepare_run_command_v_opt(&cmd, argv, opt);
+	cmd.dir = dir;
+	cmd.env = env;
 	return run_command(&cmd);
 }
+
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+static __stdcall unsigned run_thread(void *data)
+{
+	struct async *async = data;
+	return async->proc(async->fd_for_proc, async->data);
+}
+#endif
+
+int start_async(struct async *async)
+{
+	int pipe_out[2];
+
+	if (pipe(pipe_out) < 0)
+		return error("cannot create pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
+	async->out = pipe_out[0];
+
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	/* Flush stdio before fork() to avoid cloning buffers */
+	fflush(NULL);
+
+	async->pid = fork();
+	if (async->pid < 0) {
+		error("fork (async) failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		close_pair(pipe_out);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!async->pid) {
+		close(pipe_out[0]);
+		exit(!!async->proc(pipe_out[1], async->data));
+	}
+	close(pipe_out[1]);
+#else
+	async->fd_for_proc = pipe_out[1];
+	async->tid = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, run_thread, async, 0, NULL);
+	if (!async->tid) {
+		error("cannot create thread: %s", strerror(errno));
+		close_pair(pipe_out);
+		return -1;
+	}
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int finish_async(struct async *async)
+{
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (wait_or_whine(async->pid))
+		ret = error("waitpid (async) failed");
+#else
+	DWORD ret = 0;
+	if (WaitForSingleObject(async->tid, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+		ret = error("waiting for thread failed: %lu", GetLastError());
+	else if (!GetExitCodeThread(async->tid, &ret))
+		ret = error("cannot get thread exit code: %lu", GetLastError());
+	CloseHandle(async->tid);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
+{
+	struct child_process hook;
+	const char **argv = NULL, *env[2];
+	char index[PATH_MAX];
+	va_list args;
+	int ret;
+	size_t i = 0, alloc = 0;
+
+	if (access(git_path("hooks/%s", name), X_OK) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	va_start(args, name);
+	ALLOC_GROW(argv, i + 1, alloc);
+	argv[i++] = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
+	while (argv[i-1]) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(argv, i + 1, alloc);
+		argv[i++] = va_arg(args, const char *);
+	}
+	va_end(args);
+
+	memset(&hook, 0, sizeof(hook));
+	hook.argv = argv;
+	hook.no_stdin = 1;
+	hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	if (index_file) {
+		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
+		env[0] = index;
+		env[1] = NULL;
+		hook.env = env;
+	}
+
+	ret = start_command(&hook);
+	free(argv);
+	if (ret) {
+		warning("Could not spawn %s", argv[0]);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	ret = finish_command(&hook);
+	if (ret == -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL)
+		warning("%s exited due to uncaught signal", argv[0]);
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index 3680ef9d45..e345502843 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -10,27 +10,84 @@ enum {
 	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL,
 	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT,
 };
+#define IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(x) (-(x) >= ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK)
 
 struct child_process {
 	const char **argv;
 	pid_t pid;
+	/*
+	 * Using .in, .out, .err:
+	 * - Specify 0 for no redirections (child inherits stdin, stdout,
+	 *   stderr from parent).
+	 * - Specify -1 to have a pipe allocated as follows:
+	 *     .in: returns the writable pipe end; parent writes to it,
+	 *          the readable pipe end becomes child's stdin
+	 *     .out, .err: returns the readable pipe end; parent reads from
+	 *          it, the writable pipe end becomes child's stdout/stderr
+	 *   The caller of start_command() must close the returned FDs
+	 *   after it has completed reading from/writing to it!
+	 * - Specify > 0 to set a channel to a particular FD as follows:
+	 *     .in: a readable FD, becomes child's stdin
+	 *     .out: a writable FD, becomes child's stdout/stderr
+	 *     .err > 0 not supported
+	 *   The specified FD is closed by start_command(), even in case
+	 *   of errors!
+	 */
 	int in;
 	int out;
-	unsigned close_in:1;
-	unsigned close_out:1;
+	int err;
+	const char *dir;
+	const char *const *env;
 	unsigned no_stdin:1;
 	unsigned no_stdout:1;
+	unsigned no_stderr:1;
 	unsigned git_cmd:1; /* if this is to be git sub-command */
 	unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1;
+	void (*preexec_cb)(void);
 };
 
 int start_command(struct child_process *);
 int finish_command(struct child_process *);
 int run_command(struct child_process *);
 
+extern int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...);
+
 #define RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN 1
 #define RUN_GIT_CMD	     2	/*If this is to be git sub-command */
 #define RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR 4
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt);
 
+/*
+ * env (the environment) is to be formatted like environ: "VAR=VALUE".
+ * To unset an environment variable use just "VAR".
+ */
+int run_command_v_opt_cd_env(const char **argv, int opt, const char *dir, const char *const *env);
+
+/*
+ * The purpose of the following functions is to feed a pipe by running
+ * a function asynchronously and providing output that the caller reads.
+ *
+ * It is expected that no synchronization and mutual exclusion between
+ * the caller and the feed function is necessary so that the function
+ * can run in a thread without interfering with the caller.
+ */
+struct async {
+	/*
+	 * proc writes to fd and closes it;
+	 * returns 0 on success, non-zero on failure
+	 */
+	int (*proc)(int fd, void *data);
+	void *data;
+	int out;	/* caller reads from here and closes it */
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	pid_t pid;
+#else
+	HANDLE tid;
+	int fd_for_proc;
+#endif
+};
+
+int start_async(struct async *async);
+int finish_async(struct async *async);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
deleted file mode 100644
index d5b51628df..0000000000
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,404 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "pkt-line.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-
-static const char send_pack_usage[] =
-"git-send-pack [--all] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
-"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive.";
-static const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
-static int verbose;
-static int send_all;
-static int force_update;
-static int use_thin_pack;
-
-/*
- * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
- */
-static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
-	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
-	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
-	 */
-	const char *args[] = {
-		"pack-objects",
-		"--all-progress",
-		"--revs",
-		"--stdout",
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-	};
-	struct child_process po;
-
-	if (use_thin_pack)
-		args[4] = "--thin";
-	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
-	po.argv = args;
-	po.in = -1;
-	po.out = fd;
-	po.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&po))
-		die("git-pack-objects failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
-
-	/*
-	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
-	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
-	 */
-	while (refs) {
-		char buf[42];
-
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
-		    has_sha1_file(refs->old_sha1)) {
-			memcpy(buf + 1, sha1_to_hex(refs->old_sha1), 40);
-			buf[0] = '^';
-			buf[41] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 42,
-						"send-pack: send refs"))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1)) {
-			memcpy(buf, sha1_to_hex(refs->new_sha1), 40);
-			buf[40] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 41,
-						"send-pack: send refs"))
-				break;
-		}
-		refs = refs->next;
-	}
-
-	if (finish_command(&po))
-		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		     const unsigned char *old_sha1)
-{
-	struct object *o;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
-	struct commit_list *list, *used;
-	int found = 0;
-
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
-	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
-	 */
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	old = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	new = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	used = list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
-	while (list) {
-		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, 1);
-		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
-		if (new == old) {
-			found = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	unmark_and_free(list, 1);
-	unmark_and_free(used, 1);
-	return found;
-}
-
-static struct ref *local_refs, **local_tail;
-static struct ref *remote_refs, **remote_tail;
-
-static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	*local_tail = ref;
-	local_tail = &ref->next;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void get_local_heads(void)
-{
-	local_tail = &local_refs;
-	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, NULL);
-}
-
-static int receive_status(int in)
-{
-	char line[1000];
-	int ret = 0;
-	int len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-	if (len < 10 || memcmp(line, "unpack ", 7)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "did not receive status back\n");
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (memcmp(line, "unpack ok\n", 10)) {
-		fputs(line, stderr);
-		ret = -1;
-	}
-	while (1) {
-		len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-		if (!len)
-			break;
-		if (len < 3 ||
-		    (memcmp(line, "ok", 2) && memcmp(line, "ng", 2))) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "protocol error: %s\n", line);
-			ret = -1;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!memcmp(line, "ok", 2))
-			continue;
-		fputs(line, stderr);
-		ret = -1;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int send_pack(int in, int out, int nr_refspec, char **refspec)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int new_refs;
-	int ret = 0;
-	int ask_for_status_report = 0;
-	int allow_deleting_refs = 0;
-	int expect_status_report = 0;
-
-	/* No funny business with the matcher */
-	remote_tail = get_remote_heads(in, &remote_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL);
-	get_local_heads();
-
-	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
-	if (server_supports("report-status"))
-		ask_for_status_report = 1;
-	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
-		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
-
-	/* match them up */
-	if (!remote_tail)
-		remote_tail = &remote_refs;
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, remote_refs, &remote_tail,
-		       nr_refspec, refspec, send_all))
-		return -1;
-
-	if (!remote_refs) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Finally, tell the other end!
-	 */
-	new_refs = 0;
-	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		char old_hex[60], *new_hex;
-		int delete_ref;
-
-		if (!ref->peer_ref)
-			continue;
-
-		delete_ref = is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
-		if (delete_ref && !allow_deleting_refs) {
-			error("remote does not support deleting refs");
-			ret = -2;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!delete_ref &&
-		    !hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
-			if (verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "'%s': up-to-date\n", ref->name);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* This part determines what can overwrite what.
-		 * The rules are:
-		 *
-		 * (0) you can always use --force or +A:B notation to
-		 *     selectively force individual ref pairs.
-		 *
-		 * (1) if the old thing does not exist, it is OK.
-		 *
-		 * (2) if you do not have the old thing, you are not allowed
-		 *     to overwrite it; you would not know what you are losing
-		 *     otherwise.
-		 *
-		 * (3) if both new and old are commit-ish, and new is a
-		 *     descendant of old, it is OK.
-		 *
-		 * (4) regardless of all of the above, removing :B is
-		 *     always allowed.
-		 */
-
-		if (!force_update &&
-		    !delete_ref &&
-		    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
-		    !ref->force) {
-			if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
-			    !ref_newer(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1,
-				       ref->old_sha1)) {
-				/* We do not have the remote ref, or
-				 * we know that the remote ref is not
-				 * an ancestor of what we are trying to
-				 * push.  Either way this can be losing
-				 * commits at the remote end and likely
-				 * we were not up to date to begin with.
-				 */
-				error("remote '%s' is not a strict "
-				      "subset of local ref '%s'. "
-				      "maybe you are not up-to-date and "
-				      "need to pull first?",
-				      ref->name,
-				      ref->peer_ref->name);
-				ret = -2;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
-		if (!delete_ref)
-			new_refs++;
-		strcpy(old_hex, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
-		new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
-
-		if (ask_for_status_report) {
-			packet_write(out, "%s %s %s%c%s",
-				     old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
-				     "report-status");
-			ask_for_status_report = 0;
-			expect_status_report = 1;
-		}
-		else
-			packet_write(out, "%s %s %s",
-				     old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
-		if (delete_ref)
-			fprintf(stderr, "deleting '%s'\n", ref->name);
-		else {
-			fprintf(stderr, "updating '%s'", ref->name);
-			if (strcmp(ref->name, ref->peer_ref->name))
-				fprintf(stderr, " using '%s'",
-					ref->peer_ref->name);
-			fprintf(stderr, "\n  from %s\n  to   %s\n",
-				old_hex, new_hex);
-		}
-	}
-
-	packet_flush(out);
-	if (new_refs)
-		ret = pack_objects(out, remote_refs);
-	close(out);
-
-	if (expect_status_report) {
-		if (receive_status(in))
-			ret = -4;
-	}
-
-	if (!new_refs && ret == 0)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, char **heads)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
-		const char *remote = strchr(heads[i], ':');
-
-		remote = remote ? (remote + 1) : heads[i];
-		switch (check_ref_format(remote)) {
-		case 0: /* ok */
-		case -2: /* ok but a single level -- that is fine for
-			  * a match pattern.
-			  */
-			continue;
-		}
-		die("remote part of refspec is not a valid name in %s",
-		    heads[i]);
-	}
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	int i, nr_heads = 0;
-	char *dest = NULL;
-	char **heads = NULL;
-	int fd[2], ret;
-	pid_t pid;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	argv++;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
-		char *arg = *argv;
-
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--receive-pack=")) {
-				receivepack = arg + 15;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				receivepack = arg + 7;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-				send_all = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--force")) {
-				force_update = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
-				verbose = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--thin")) {
-				use_thin_pack = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(send_pack_usage);
-		}
-		if (!dest) {
-			dest = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		heads = argv;
-		nr_heads = argc - i;
-		break;
-	}
-	if (!dest)
-		usage(send_pack_usage);
-	if (heads && send_all)
-		usage(send_pack_usage);
-	verify_remote_names(nr_heads, heads);
-
-	pid = git_connect(fd, dest, receivepack);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return 1;
-	ret = send_pack(fd[0], fd[1], nr_heads, heads);
-	close(fd[0]);
-	close(fd[1]);
-	ret |= finish_connect(pid);
-	return !!ret;
-}
diff --git a/send-pack.h b/send-pack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d7b1b3b4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/send-pack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef SEND_PACK_H
+#define SEND_PACK_H
+
+struct send_pack_args {
+	unsigned verbose:1,
+		send_mirror:1,
+		force_update:1,
+		use_thin_pack:1,
+		use_ofs_delta:1,
+		dry_run:1;
+};
+
+int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
+	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+	      struct ref *remote_refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra_have);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/server-info.c b/server-info.c
index f9be5a7f60..4098ca2b5c 100644
--- a/server-info.c
+++ b/server-info.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ static int add_info_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, v
 
 static int update_info_refs(int force)
 {
-	char *path0 = xstrdup(git_path("info/refs"));
+	char *path0 = git_pathdup("info/refs");
 	int len = strlen(path0);
 	char *path1 = xmalloc(len + 2);
 
@@ -35,9 +35,10 @@ static int update_info_refs(int force)
 	safe_create_leading_directories(path0);
 	info_ref_fp = fopen(path1, "w");
 	if (!info_ref_fp)
-		return error("unable to update %s", path0);
+		return error("unable to update %s", path1);
 	for_each_ref(add_info_ref, NULL);
 	fclose(info_ref_fp);
+	adjust_shared_perm(path1);
 	rename(path1, path0);
 	free(path0);
 	free(path1);
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ static int read_pack_info_file(const char *infofile)
 
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
 		int len = strlen(line);
-		if (line[len-1] == '\n')
+		if (len && line[len-1] == '\n')
 			line[--len] = 0;
 
 		if (!len)
@@ -131,8 +132,8 @@ static int read_pack_info_file(const char *infofile)
 
 static int compare_info(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
-	struct pack_info * const* a = a_;
-	struct pack_info * const* b = b_;
+	struct pack_info *const *a = a_;
+	struct pack_info *const *b = b_;
 
 	if (0 <= (*a)->old_num && 0 <= (*b)->old_num)
 		/* Keep the order in the original */
@@ -227,6 +228,7 @@ static int update_info_packs(int force)
 		return error("cannot open %s", name);
 	write_pack_info_file(fp);
 	fclose(fp);
+	adjust_shared_perm(name);
 	rename(name, infofile);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -244,7 +246,7 @@ int update_server_info(int force)
 	errs = errs | update_info_packs(force);
 
 	/* remove leftover rev-cache file if there is any */
-	unlink(git_path("info/rev-cache"));
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path("info/rev-cache"));
 
 	return errs;
 }
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index a45ea8309a..e3781b656d 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -1,53 +1,39 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+static int inside_git_dir = -1;
+static int inside_work_tree = -1;
 
 const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *orig = path;
-	for (;;) {
-		char c;
-		if (*path != '.')
-			break;
-		c = path[1];
-		/* "." */
-		if (!c) {
-			path++;
-			break;
-		}
-		/* "./" */
-		if (c == '/') {
-			path += 2;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (c != '.')
-			break;
-		c = path[2];
-		if (!c)
-			path += 2;
-		else if (c == '/')
-			path += 3;
-		else
-			break;
-		/* ".." and "../" */
-		/* Remove last component of the prefix */
-		do {
-			if (!len)
-				die("'%s' is outside repository", orig);
-			len--;
-		} while (len && prefix[len-1] != '/');
-		continue;
+	char *sanitized = xmalloc(len + strlen(path) + 1);
+	if (is_absolute_path(orig))
+		strcpy(sanitized, path);
+	else {
+		if (len)
+			memcpy(sanitized, prefix, len);
+		strcpy(sanitized + len, path);
 	}
-	if (len) {
-		int speclen = strlen(path);
-		char *n = xmalloc(speclen + len + 1);
-	
-		memcpy(n, prefix, len);
-		memcpy(n + len, path, speclen+1);
-		path = n;
+	if (normalize_path_copy(sanitized, sanitized))
+		goto error_out;
+	if (is_absolute_path(orig)) {
+		const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+		size_t len = strlen(work_tree);
+		size_t total = strlen(sanitized) + 1;
+		if (strncmp(sanitized, work_tree, len) ||
+		    (sanitized[len] != '\0' && sanitized[len] != '/')) {
+		error_out:
+			die("'%s' is outside repository", orig);
+		}
+		if (sanitized[len] == '/')
+			len++;
+		memmove(sanitized, sanitized + len, total - len);
 	}
-	return path;
+	return sanitized;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
  * Unlike prefix_path, this should be used if the named file does
  * not have to interact with index entry; i.e. name of a random file
  * on the filesystem.
@@ -55,10 +41,23 @@ const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 const char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, int pfx_len, const char *arg)
 {
 	static char path[PATH_MAX];
-	if (!pfx || !*pfx || arg[0] == '/')
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	if (!pfx || !*pfx || is_absolute_path(arg))
 		return arg;
 	memcpy(path, pfx, pfx_len);
 	strcpy(path + pfx_len, arg);
+#else
+	char *p;
+	/* don't add prefix to absolute paths, but still replace '\' by '/' */
+	if (is_absolute_path(arg))
+		pfx_len = 0;
+	else
+		memcpy(path, pfx, pfx_len);
+	strcpy(path + pfx_len, arg);
+	for (p = path + pfx_len; *p; p++)
+		if (*p == '\\')
+			*p = '/';
+#endif
 	return path;
 }
 
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 	if (errno == ENOENT)
 		die("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
 		    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions", arg);
-	die("'%s': %s", arg, strerror(errno));
+	die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", arg);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 	const char *name;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	if (is_inside_git_dir())
+	if (!is_inside_work_tree() || is_inside_git_dir())
 		return;
 	if (*arg == '-')
 		return; /* flag */
@@ -103,14 +102,14 @@ void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 	if (!lstat(name, &st))
 		die("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
 		    "Use '--' to separate filenames from revisions", arg);
-	if (errno != ENOENT)
-		die("'%s': %s", arg, strerror(errno));
+	if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+		die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", arg);
 }
 
 const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *entry = *pathspec;
-	const char **p;
+	const char **src, **dst;
 	int prefixlen;
 
 	if (!prefix && !entry)
@@ -124,19 +123,25 @@ const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
 	}
 
 	/* Otherwise we have to re-write the entries.. */
-	p = pathspec;
+	src = pathspec;
+	dst = pathspec;
 	prefixlen = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-	do {
-		*p = prefix_path(prefix, prefixlen, entry);
-	} while ((entry = *++p) != NULL);
-	return (const char **) pathspec;
+	while (*src) {
+		const char *p = prefix_path(prefix, prefixlen, *src);
+		*(dst++) = p;
+		src++;
+	}
+	*dst = NULL;
+	if (!*pathspec)
+		return NULL;
+	return pathspec;
 }
 
 /*
  * Test if it looks like we're at a git directory.
  * We want to see:
  *
- *  - either a objects/ directory _or_ the proper
+ *  - either an objects/ directory _or_ the proper
  *    GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY environment variable
  *  - a refs/ directory
  *  - either a HEAD symlink or a HEAD file that is formatted as
@@ -170,33 +175,129 @@ static int is_git_directory(const char *suspect)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int inside_git_dir = -1;
-
 int is_inside_git_dir(void)
 {
-	if (inside_git_dir < 0) {
-		char buffer[1024];
-
-		if (is_bare_repository())
-			return (inside_git_dir = 1);
-		if (getcwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
-			const char *git_dir = get_git_dir(), *cwd = buffer;
-			while (*git_dir && *git_dir == *cwd) {
-				git_dir++;
-				cwd++;
-			}
-			inside_git_dir = !*git_dir;
-		} else
-			inside_git_dir = 0;
-	}
+	if (inside_git_dir < 0)
+		inside_git_dir = is_inside_dir(get_git_dir());
 	return inside_git_dir;
 }
 
+int is_inside_work_tree(void)
+{
+	if (inside_work_tree < 0)
+		inside_work_tree = is_inside_dir(get_git_work_tree());
+	return inside_work_tree;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set_work_tree() is only ever called if you set GIT_DIR explicitely.
+ * The old behaviour (which we retain here) is to set the work tree root
+ * to the cwd, unless overridden by the config, the command line, or
+ * GIT_WORK_TREE.
+ */
+static const char *set_work_tree(const char *dir)
+{
+	char buffer[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+	if (!getcwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer)))
+		die ("Could not get the current working directory");
+	git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(buffer);
+	inside_work_tree = 1;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void setup_work_tree(void)
+{
+	const char *work_tree, *git_dir;
+	static int initialized = 0;
+
+	if (initialized)
+		return;
+	work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+	git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	if (!is_absolute_path(git_dir))
+		git_dir = make_absolute_path(git_dir);
+	if (!work_tree || chdir(work_tree))
+		die("This operation must be run in a work tree");
+	set_git_dir(make_relative_path(git_dir, work_tree));
+	initialized = 1;
+}
+
+static int check_repository_format_gently(int *nongit_ok)
+{
+	git_config(check_repository_format_version, NULL);
+	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION < repository_format_version) {
+		if (!nongit_ok)
+			die ("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
+			     GIT_REPO_VERSION, repository_format_version);
+		warning("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
+			GIT_REPO_VERSION, repository_format_version);
+		warning("Please upgrade Git");
+		*nongit_ok = -1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to read the location of the git directory from the .git file,
+ * return path to git directory if found.
+ */
+const char *read_gitfile_gently(const char *path)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (stat(path, &st))
+		return NULL;
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return NULL;
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("Error opening '%s'", path);
+	buf = xmalloc(st.st_size + 1);
+	len = read_in_full(fd, buf, st.st_size);
+	close(fd);
+	if (len != st.st_size)
+		die("Error reading %s", path);
+	buf[len] = '\0';
+	if (prefixcmp(buf, "gitdir: "))
+		die("Invalid gitfile format: %s", path);
+	while (buf[len - 1] == '\n' || buf[len - 1] == '\r')
+		len--;
+	if (len < 9)
+		die("No path in gitfile: %s", path);
+	buf[len] = '\0';
+	if (!is_git_directory(buf + 8))
+		die("Not a git repository: %s", buf + 8);
+	path = make_absolute_path(buf + 8);
+	free(buf);
+	return path;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We cannot decide in this function whether we are in the work tree or
+ * not, since the config can only be read _after_ this function was called.
+ */
 const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 {
+	const char *work_tree_env = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
+	const char *env_ceiling_dirs = getenv(CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT);
 	static char cwd[PATH_MAX+1];
 	const char *gitdirenv;
-	int len, offset;
+	const char *gitfile_dir;
+	int len, offset, ceil_offset;
+
+	/*
+	 * Let's assume that we are in a git repository.
+	 * If it turns out later that we are somewhere else, the value will be
+	 * updated accordingly.
+	 */
+	if (nongit_ok)
+		*nongit_ok = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * If GIT_DIR is set explicitly, we're not going
@@ -207,8 +308,29 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 	if (gitdirenv) {
 		if (PATH_MAX - 40 < strlen(gitdirenv))
 			die("'$%s' too big", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (is_git_directory(gitdirenv))
-			return NULL;
+		if (is_git_directory(gitdirenv)) {
+			static char buffer[1024 + 1];
+			const char *retval;
+
+			if (!work_tree_env) {
+				retval = set_work_tree(gitdirenv);
+				/* config may override worktree */
+				if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
+					return NULL;
+				return retval;
+			}
+			if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
+				return NULL;
+			retval = get_relative_cwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
+					get_git_work_tree());
+			if (!retval || !*retval)
+				return NULL;
+			set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(gitdirenv));
+			if (chdir(work_tree_env) < 0)
+				die_errno ("Could not chdir to '%s'", work_tree_env);
+			strcat(buffer, "/");
+			return retval;
+		}
 		if (nongit_ok) {
 			*nongit_ok = 1;
 			return NULL;
@@ -216,34 +338,66 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 		die("Not a git repository: '%s'", gitdirenv);
 	}
 
-	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1) || cwd[0] != '/')
-		die("Unable to read current working directory");
+	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1))
+		die_errno("Unable to read current working directory");
+
+	ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd, env_ceiling_dirs);
+	if (ceil_offset < 0 && has_dos_drive_prefix(cwd))
+		ceil_offset = 1;
 
+	/*
+	 * Test in the following order (relative to the cwd):
+	 * - .git (file containing "gitdir: <path>")
+	 * - .git/
+	 * - ./ (bare)
+	 * - ../.git
+	 * - ../.git/
+	 * - ../ (bare)
+	 * - ../../.git/
+	 *   etc.
+	 */
 	offset = len = strlen(cwd);
 	for (;;) {
-		if (is_git_directory(".git"))
+		gitfile_dir = read_gitfile_gently(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		if (gitfile_dir) {
+			if (set_git_dir(gitfile_dir))
+				die("Repository setup failed");
 			break;
-		chdir("..");
-		do {
-			if (!offset) {
-				if (is_git_directory(cwd)) {
-					if (chdir(cwd))
-						die("Cannot come back to cwd");
-					setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, 1);
-					inside_git_dir = 1;
-					return NULL;
-				}
-				if (nongit_ok) {
-					if (chdir(cwd))
-						die("Cannot come back to cwd");
-					*nongit_ok = 1;
-					return NULL;
-				}
-				die("Not a git repository");
+		}
+		if (is_git_directory(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT))
+			break;
+		if (is_git_directory(".")) {
+			inside_git_dir = 1;
+			if (!work_tree_env)
+				inside_work_tree = 0;
+			if (offset != len) {
+				cwd[offset] = '\0';
+				setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, 1);
+			} else
+				setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
+			check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		while (--offset > ceil_offset && cwd[offset] != '/');
+		if (offset <= ceil_offset) {
+			if (nongit_ok) {
+				if (chdir(cwd))
+					die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
+				*nongit_ok = 1;
+				return NULL;
 			}
-		} while (cwd[--offset] != '/');
+			die("Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s", DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		}
+		if (chdir(".."))
+			die_errno("Cannot change to '%s/..'", cwd);
 	}
 
+	inside_git_dir = 0;
+	if (!work_tree_env)
+		inside_work_tree = 1;
+	git_work_tree_cfg = xstrndup(cwd, offset);
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
+		return NULL;
 	if (offset == len)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -251,46 +405,100 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 	offset++;
 	cwd[len++] = '/';
 	cwd[len] = 0;
-	inside_git_dir = !prefixcmp(cwd + offset, ".git/");
 	return cwd + offset;
 }
 
 int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	if (value) {
-		if (!strcmp(value, "umask"))
-			return PERM_UMASK;
-		if (!strcmp(value, "group"))
-			return PERM_GROUP;
-		if (!strcmp(value, "all") ||
-		    !strcmp(value, "world") ||
-		    !strcmp(value, "everybody"))
-			return PERM_EVERYBODY;
+	int i;
+	char *endptr;
+
+	if (value == NULL)
+		return PERM_GROUP;
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "umask"))
+		return PERM_UMASK;
+	if (!strcmp(value, "group"))
+		return PERM_GROUP;
+	if (!strcmp(value, "all") ||
+	    !strcmp(value, "world") ||
+	    !strcmp(value, "everybody"))
+		return PERM_EVERYBODY;
+
+	/* Parse octal numbers */
+	i = strtol(value, &endptr, 8);
+
+	/* If not an octal number, maybe true/false? */
+	if (*endptr != 0)
+		return git_config_bool(var, value) ? PERM_GROUP : PERM_UMASK;
+
+	/*
+	 * Treat values 0, 1 and 2 as compatibility cases, otherwise it is
+	 * a chmod value to restrict to.
+	 */
+	switch (i) {
+	case PERM_UMASK:               /* 0 */
+		return PERM_UMASK;
+	case OLD_PERM_GROUP:           /* 1 */
+		return PERM_GROUP;
+	case OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY:       /* 2 */
+		return PERM_EVERYBODY;
 	}
-	return git_config_bool(var, value);
+
+	/* A filemode value was given: 0xxx */
+
+	if ((i & 0600) != 0600)
+		die("Problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value "
+		    "(0%.3o).\nThe owner of files must always have "
+		    "read and write permissions.", i);
+
+	/*
+	 * Mask filemode value. Others can not get write permission.
+	 * x flags for directories are handled separately.
+	 */
+	return -(i & 0666);
 }
 
-int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value)
+int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-       if (strcmp(var, "core.repositoryformatversion") == 0)
-               repository_format_version = git_config_int(var, value);
+	if (strcmp(var, "core.repositoryformatversion") == 0)
+		repository_format_version = git_config_int(var, value);
 	else if (strcmp(var, "core.sharedrepository") == 0)
 		shared_repository = git_config_perm(var, value);
-       return 0;
+	else if (strcmp(var, "core.bare") == 0) {
+		is_bare_repository_cfg = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1)
+			inside_work_tree = -1;
+	} else if (strcmp(var, "core.worktree") == 0) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		free(git_work_tree_cfg);
+		git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(value);
+		inside_work_tree = -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int check_repository_format(void)
 {
-	git_config(check_repository_format_version);
-	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION < repository_format_version)
-		die ("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
-		     GIT_REPO_VERSION, repository_format_version);
-	return 0;
+	return check_repository_format_gently(NULL);
 }
 
 const char *setup_git_directory(void)
 {
 	const char *retval = setup_git_directory_gently(NULL);
-	check_repository_format();
+
+	/* If the work tree is not the default one, recompute prefix */
+	if (inside_work_tree < 0) {
+		static char buffer[PATH_MAX + 1];
+		char *rel;
+		if (retval && chdir(retval))
+			die_errno ("Could not jump back into original cwd");
+		rel = get_relative_cwd(buffer, PATH_MAX, get_git_work_tree());
+		if (rel && *rel && chdir(get_git_work_tree()))
+			die_errno ("Could not jump to working directory");
+		return rel && *rel ? strcat(rel, "/") : NULL;
+	}
+
 	return retval;
 }
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.c b/sha1-lookup.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4dc55d1f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1-lookup.c
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+
+static uint32_t take2(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return ((sha1[0] << 8) | sha1[1]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
+ *
+ *      do {
+ *              int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+ *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
+ *              if (!cmp)
+ *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
+ *              if (cmp > 0)
+ *                      hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
+ *              else
+ *                      lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
+ *      } while (lo < hi);
+ *
+ * The invariants are:
+ *
+ * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
+ *   above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
+ *   slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
+ *   be at the target).
+ *
+ * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
+ *   as lo, but never can be the same as hi), and check if it hits
+ *   the target.  There are three cases:
+ *
+ *    - if it is a hit, we are happy.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly higher than the target, we update hi with
+ *      it.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to be
+ *      one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
+ *
+ * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
+ * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
+ * satisfied.  When we somehow know that the distance between the
+ * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
+ * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
+ */
+/*
+ * The table should contain "nr" elements.
+ * The sha1 of element i (between 0 and nr - 1) should be returned
+ * by "fn(i, table)".
+ */
+int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1, void *table, size_t nr,
+	     sha1_access_fn fn)
+{
+	size_t hi = nr;
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t mi = 0;
+
+	if (!nr)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (nr != 1) {
+		size_t lov, hiv, miv, ofs;
+
+		for (ofs = 0; ofs < 18; ofs += 2) {
+			lov = take2(fn(0, table) + ofs);
+			hiv = take2(fn(nr - 1, table) + ofs);
+			miv = take2(sha1 + ofs);
+			if (miv < lov)
+				return -1;
+			if (hiv < miv)
+				return -1 - nr;
+			if (lov != hiv) {
+				/*
+				 * At this point miv could be equal
+				 * to hiv (but sha1 could still be higher);
+				 * the invariant of (mi < hi) should be
+				 * kept.
+				 */
+				mi = (nr - 1) * (miv - lov) / (hiv - lov);
+				if (lo <= mi && mi < hi)
+					break;
+				die("BUG: assertion failed in binary search");
+			}
+		}
+		if (18 <= ofs)
+			die("cannot happen -- lo and hi are identical");
+	}
+
+	do {
+		int cmp;
+		cmp = hashcmp(fn(mi, table), sha1);
+		if (!cmp)
+			return mi;
+		if (cmp > 0)
+			hi = mi;
+		else
+			lo = mi + 1;
+		mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
+	} while (lo < hi);
+	return -lo-1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
+ *
+ *	unsigned lo, hi;
+ *      do {
+ *              unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+ *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
+ *              if (!cmp)
+ *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
+ *              if (cmp > 0)
+ *                      hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
+ *              else
+ *                      lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
+ *      } while (lo < hi);
+ *
+ * The invariants are:
+ *
+ * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
+ *   above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
+ *   slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
+ *   be at the target).
+ *
+ * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
+ *   as lo, but never can be as same as hi), and check if it hits
+ *   the target.  There are three cases:
+ *
+ *    - if it is a hit, we are happy.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly higher than the target, we set it to hi,
+ *      and repeat the search.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to
+ *      one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
+ *
+ *   If the loop exits, there is no matching entry.
+ *
+ * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
+ * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
+ * satisfied.  When we somehow know that the distance between the
+ * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
+ * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
+ *
+ * Now, we can take advantage of the fact that SHA-1 is a good hash
+ * function, and as long as there are enough entries in the table, we
+ * can expect uniform distribution.  An entry that begins with for
+ * example "deadbeef..." is much likely to appear much later than in
+ * the midway of the table.  It can reasonably be expected to be near
+ * 87% (222/256) from the top of the table.
+ *
+ * However, we do not want to pick "mi" too precisely.  If the entry at
+ * the 87% in the above example turns out to be higher than the target
+ * we are looking for, we would end up narrowing the search space down
+ * only by 13%, instead of 50% we would get if we did a simple binary
+ * search.  So we would want to hedge our bets by being less aggressive.
+ *
+ * The table at "table" holds at least "nr" entries of "elem_size"
+ * bytes each.  Each entry has the SHA-1 key at "key_offset".  The
+ * table is sorted by the SHA-1 key of the entries.  The caller wants
+ * to find the entry with "key", and knows that the entry at "lo" is
+ * not higher than the entry it is looking for, and that the entry at
+ * "hi" is higher than the entry it is looking for.
+ */
+int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
+		   size_t elem_size,
+		   size_t key_offset,
+		   unsigned lo, unsigned hi, unsigned nr,
+		   const unsigned char *key)
+{
+	const unsigned char *base = table;
+	const unsigned char *hi_key, *lo_key;
+	unsigned ofs_0;
+	static int debug_lookup = -1;
+
+	if (debug_lookup < 0)
+		debug_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_DEBUG_LOOKUP");
+
+	if (!nr || lo >= hi)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (nr == hi)
+		hi_key = NULL;
+	else
+		hi_key = base + elem_size * hi + key_offset;
+	lo_key = base + elem_size * lo + key_offset;
+
+	ofs_0 = 0;
+	do {
+		int cmp;
+		unsigned ofs, mi, range;
+		unsigned lov, hiv, kyv;
+		const unsigned char *mi_key;
+
+		range = hi - lo;
+		if (hi_key) {
+			for (ofs = ofs_0; ofs < 20; ofs++)
+				if (lo_key[ofs] != hi_key[ofs])
+					break;
+			ofs_0 = ofs;
+			/*
+			 * byte 0 thru (ofs-1) are the same between
+			 * lo and hi; ofs is the first byte that is
+			 * different.
+			 */
+			hiv = hi_key[ofs_0];
+			if (ofs_0 < 19)
+				hiv = (hiv << 8) | hi_key[ofs_0+1];
+		} else {
+			hiv = 256;
+			if (ofs_0 < 19)
+				hiv <<= 8;
+		}
+		lov = lo_key[ofs_0];
+		kyv = key[ofs_0];
+		if (ofs_0 < 19) {
+			lov = (lov << 8) | lo_key[ofs_0+1];
+			kyv = (kyv << 8) | key[ofs_0+1];
+		}
+		assert(lov < hiv);
+
+		if (kyv < lov)
+			return -1 - lo;
+		if (hiv < kyv)
+			return -1 - hi;
+
+		/*
+		 * Even if we know the target is much closer to 'hi'
+		 * than 'lo', if we pick too precisely and overshoot
+		 * (e.g. when we know 'mi' is closer to 'hi' than to
+		 * 'lo', pick 'mi' that is higher than the target), we
+		 * end up narrowing the search space by a smaller
+		 * amount (i.e. the distance between 'mi' and 'hi')
+		 * than what we would have (i.e. about half of 'lo'
+		 * and 'hi').  Hedge our bets to pick 'mi' less
+		 * aggressively, i.e. make 'mi' a bit closer to the
+		 * middle than we would otherwise pick.
+		 */
+		kyv = (kyv * 6 + lov + hiv) / 8;
+		if (lov < hiv - 1) {
+			if (kyv == lov)
+				kyv++;
+			else if (kyv == hiv)
+				kyv--;
+		}
+		mi = (range - 1) * (kyv - lov) / (hiv - lov) + lo;
+
+		if (debug_lookup) {
+			printf("lo %u hi %u rg %u mi %u ", lo, hi, range, mi);
+			printf("ofs %u lov %x, hiv %x, kyv %x\n",
+			       ofs_0, lov, hiv, kyv);
+		}
+		if (!(lo <= mi && mi < hi))
+			die("assertion failure lo %u mi %u hi %u %s",
+			    lo, mi, hi, sha1_to_hex(key));
+
+		mi_key = base + elem_size * mi + key_offset;
+		cmp = memcmp(mi_key + ofs_0, key + ofs_0, 20 - ofs_0);
+		if (!cmp)
+			return mi;
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			hi = mi;
+			hi_key = mi_key;
+		} else {
+			lo = mi + 1;
+			lo_key = mi_key + elem_size;
+		}
+	} while (lo < hi);
+	return -lo-1;
+}
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.h b/sha1-lookup.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20af285681
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1-lookup.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef SHA1_LOOKUP_H
+#define SHA1_LOOKUP_H
+
+typedef const unsigned char *sha1_access_fn(size_t index, void *table);
+
+extern int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    void *table,
+		    size_t nr,
+		    sha1_access_fn fn);
+
+extern int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
+			  size_t elem_size,
+			  size_t key_offset,
+			  unsigned lo, unsigned hi, unsigned nr,
+			  const unsigned char *key);
+#endif
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 4304fe9bbc..1d996a1990 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
 
 #ifndef O_NOATIME
 #if defined(__linux__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__PPC__))
@@ -24,15 +27,15 @@
 
 #ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
 #define SZ_FMT "lu"
+static unsigned long sz_fmt(size_t s) { return (unsigned long)s; }
 #else
 #define SZ_FMT "zu"
+static size_t sz_fmt(size_t s) { return s; }
 #endif
 
 const unsigned char null_sha1[20];
 
-static unsigned int sha1_file_open_flag = O_NOATIME;
-
-signed char hexval_table[256] = {
+const signed char hexval_table[256] = {
 	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 00-07 */
 	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 08-0f */
 	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 10-17 */
@@ -80,19 +83,27 @@ int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static inline int offset_1st_component(const char *path)
+{
+	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
+		return 2 + (path[2] == '/');
+	return *path == '/';
+}
+
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
 {
-	char *pos = path;
+	char *pos = path + offset_1st_component(path);
 	struct stat st;
 
-	if (*pos == '/')
-		pos++;
-
 	while (pos) {
 		pos = strchr(pos, '/');
 		if (!pos)
 			break;
-		*pos = 0;
+		while (*++pos == '/')
+			;
+		if (!*pos)
+			break;
+		*--pos = '\0';
 		if (!stat(path, &st)) {
 			/* path exists */
 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
@@ -113,7 +124,16 @@ int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-char * sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1)
+int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path)
+{
+	/* path points to cache entries, so xstrdup before messing with it */
+	char *buf = xstrdup(path);
+	int result = safe_create_leading_directories(buf);
+	free(buf);
+	return result;
+}
+
+char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	static int bufno;
 	static char hexbuffer[4][50];
@@ -145,7 +165,7 @@ static void fill_sha1_path(char *pathbuf, const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 /*
  * NOTE! This returns a statically allocated buffer, so you have to be
- * careful about using it. Do a "xstrdup()" if you need to save the
+ * careful about using it. Do an "xstrdup()" if you need to save the
  * filename.
  *
  * Also note that this returns the location for creating.  Reading
@@ -171,54 +191,45 @@ char *sha1_file_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return base;
 }
 
-char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static char *sha1_get_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1,
+				char **name, char **base, const char *which)
 {
 	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-	static char *name, *base, *buf;
+	char *buf;
 	int i;
 
-	if (!base) {
+	if (!*base) {
 		const char *sha1_file_directory = get_object_directory();
 		int len = strlen(sha1_file_directory);
-		base = xmalloc(len + 60);
-		sprintf(base, "%s/pack/pack-1234567890123456789012345678901234567890.pack", sha1_file_directory);
-		name = base + len + 11;
+		*base = xmalloc(len + 60);
+		sprintf(*base, "%s/pack/pack-1234567890123456789012345678901234567890.%s",
+			sha1_file_directory, which);
+		*name = *base + len + 11;
 	}
 
-	buf = name;
+	buf = *name;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
 		unsigned int val = *sha1++;
 		*buf++ = hex[val >> 4];
 		*buf++ = hex[val & 0xf];
 	}
-	
-	return base;
+
+	return *base;
 }
 
-char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
+char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-	static char *name, *base, *buf;
-	int i;
+	static char *name, *base;
 
-	if (!base) {
-		const char *sha1_file_directory = get_object_directory();
-		int len = strlen(sha1_file_directory);
-		base = xmalloc(len + 60);
-		sprintf(base, "%s/pack/pack-1234567890123456789012345678901234567890.idx", sha1_file_directory);
-		name = base + len + 11;
-	}
+	return sha1_get_pack_name(sha1, &name, &base, "pack");
+}
 
-	buf = name;
+char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static char *name, *base;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		unsigned int val = *sha1++;
-		*buf++ = hex[val >> 4];
-		*buf++ = hex[val & 0xf];
-	}
-	
-	return base;
+	return sha1_get_pack_name(sha1, &name, &base, "idx");
 }
 
 struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb_list;
@@ -243,7 +254,6 @@ static void read_info_alternates(const char * alternates, int depth);
  */
 static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char * entry, int len, const char * relative_base, int depth)
 {
-	struct stat st;
 	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
 	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
@@ -252,7 +262,7 @@ static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char * entry, int len, const char * relative
 	int entlen = pfxlen + 43;
 	int base_len = -1;
 
-	if (*entry != '/' && relative_base) {
+	if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && relative_base) {
 		/* Relative alt-odb */
 		if (base_len < 0)
 			base_len = strlen(relative_base) + 1;
@@ -261,7 +271,7 @@ static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char * entry, int len, const char * relative
 	}
 	ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + entlen);
 
-	if (*entry != '/' && relative_base) {
+	if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && relative_base) {
 		memcpy(ent->base, relative_base, base_len - 1);
 		ent->base[base_len - 1] = '/';
 		memcpy(ent->base + base_len, entry, len);
@@ -274,7 +284,7 @@ static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char * entry, int len, const char * relative
 	ent->base[pfxlen] = ent->base[entlen-1] = 0;
 
 	/* Detect cases where alternate disappeared */
-	if (stat(ent->base, &st) || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+	if (!is_directory(ent->base)) {
 		error("object directory %s does not exist; "
 		      "check .git/objects/info/alternates.",
 		      ent->base);
@@ -332,7 +342,7 @@ static void link_alt_odb_entries(const char *alt, const char *ep, int sep,
 		while (cp < ep && *cp != sep)
 			cp++;
 		if (last != cp) {
-			if ((*last != '/') && depth) {
+			if (!is_absolute_path(last) && depth) {
 				error("%s: ignoring relative alternate object store %s",
 						relative_base, last);
 			} else {
@@ -351,10 +361,14 @@ static void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth)
 	char *map;
 	size_t mapsz;
 	struct stat st;
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	const char alt_file_name[] = "info/alternates";
+	/* Given that relative_base is no longer than PATH_MAX,
+	   ensure that "path" has enough space to append "/", the
+	   file name, "info/alternates", and a trailing NUL.  */
+	char path[PATH_MAX + 1 + sizeof alt_file_name];
 	int fd;
 
-	sprintf(path, "%s/info/alternates", relative_base);
+	sprintf(path, "%s/%s", relative_base, alt_file_name);
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return;
@@ -371,36 +385,66 @@ static void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth)
 	munmap(map, mapsz);
 }
 
+void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference)
+{
+	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	int fd = hold_lock_file_for_append(lock, git_path("objects/info/alternates"), LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	char *alt = mkpath("%s/objects\n", reference);
+	write_or_die(fd, alt, strlen(alt));
+	if (commit_lock_file(lock))
+		die("could not close alternates file");
+	if (alt_odb_tail)
+		link_alt_odb_entries(alt, alt + strlen(alt), '\n', NULL, 0);
+}
+
+void foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn fn, void *cb)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	for (ent = alt_odb_list; ent; ent = ent->next)
+		if (fn(ent, cb))
+			return;
+}
+
 void prepare_alt_odb(void)
 {
 	const char *alt;
 
+	if (alt_odb_tail)
+		return;
+
 	alt = getenv(ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (!alt) alt = "";
 
-	if (alt_odb_tail)
-		return;
 	alt_odb_tail = &alt_odb_list;
-	link_alt_odb_entries(alt, alt + strlen(alt), ':', NULL, 0);
+	link_alt_odb_entries(alt, alt + strlen(alt), PATH_SEP, NULL, 0);
 
 	read_info_alternates(get_object_directory(), 0);
 }
 
-static char *find_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, struct stat *st)
+static int has_loose_object_local(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *name = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+	return !access(name, F_OK);
+}
 
-	if (!stat(name, st))
-		return name;
+int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 	prepare_alt_odb();
 	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		name = alt->name;
-		fill_sha1_path(name, sha1);
-		if (!stat(alt->base, st))
-			return alt->base;
+		fill_sha1_path(alt->name, sha1);
+		if (!access(alt->base, F_OK))
+			return 1;
 	}
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int has_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return has_loose_object_local(sha1) ||
+	       has_loose_object_nonlocal(sha1);
 }
 
 static unsigned int pack_used_ctr;
@@ -411,15 +455,15 @@ static size_t peak_pack_mapped;
 static size_t pack_mapped;
 struct packed_git *packed_git;
 
-void pack_report()
+void pack_report(void)
 {
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		"pack_report: getpagesize()            = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
 		"pack_report: core.packedGitWindowSize = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
 		"pack_report: core.packedGitLimit      = %10" SZ_FMT "\n",
-		(size_t) getpagesize(),
-		packed_git_window_size,
-		packed_git_limit);
+		sz_fmt(getpagesize()),
+		sz_fmt(packed_git_window_size),
+		sz_fmt(packed_git_limit));
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		"pack_report: pack_used_ctr            = %10u\n"
 		"pack_report: pack_mmap_calls          = %10u\n"
@@ -429,7 +473,7 @@ void pack_report()
 		pack_used_ctr,
 		pack_mmap_calls,
 		pack_open_windows, peak_pack_open_windows,
-		pack_mapped, peak_pack_mapped);
+		sz_fmt(pack_mapped), sz_fmt(peak_pack_mapped));
 }
 
 static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,  struct packed_git *p)
@@ -437,7 +481,7 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,  struct packed_git *p)
 	void *idx_map;
 	struct pack_idx_header *hdr;
 	size_t idx_size;
-	uint32_t nr, i, *index;
+	uint32_t version, nr, i, *index;
 	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	struct stat st;
 
@@ -455,21 +499,23 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,  struct packed_git *p)
 	idx_map = xmmap(NULL, idx_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
 
-	/* a future index format would start with this, as older git
-	 * binaries would fail the non-monotonic index check below.
-	 * give a nicer warning to the user if we can.
-	 */
 	hdr = idx_map;
 	if (hdr->idx_signature == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
-		munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-		return error("index file %s is a newer version"
-			" and is not supported by this binary"
-			" (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
-			path);
-	}
+		version = ntohl(hdr->idx_version);
+		if (version < 2 || version > 2) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("index file %s is version %"PRIu32
+				     " and is not supported by this binary"
+				     " (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
+				     path, version);
+		}
+	} else
+		version = 1;
 
 	nr = 0;
 	index = idx_map;
+	if (version > 1)
+		index += 2;  /* skip index header */
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		uint32_t n = ntohl(index[i]);
 		if (n < nr) {
@@ -479,24 +525,74 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,  struct packed_git *p)
 		nr = n;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Total size:
-	 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
-	 *  - 24-byte entries * nr (20-byte sha1 + 4-byte offset)
-	 *  - 20-byte SHA1 of the packfile
-	 *  - 20-byte SHA1 file checksum
-	 */
-	if (idx_size != 4*256 + nr * 24 + 20 + 20) {
-		munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-		return error("wrong index file size in %s", path);
+	if (version == 1) {
+		/*
+		 * Total size:
+		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
+		 *  - 24-byte entries * nr (20-byte sha1 + 4-byte offset)
+		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 of the packfile
+		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 file checksum
+		 */
+		if (idx_size != 4*256 + nr * 24 + 20 + 20) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("wrong index v1 file size in %s", path);
+		}
+	} else if (version == 2) {
+		/*
+		 * Minimum size:
+		 *  - 8 bytes of header
+		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
+		 *  - 20-byte sha1 entry * nr
+		 *  - 4-byte crc entry * nr
+		 *  - 4-byte offset entry * nr
+		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 of the packfile
+		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 file checksum
+		 * And after the 4-byte offset table might be a
+		 * variable sized table containing 8-byte entries
+		 * for offsets larger than 2^31.
+		 */
+		unsigned long min_size = 8 + 4*256 + nr*(20 + 4 + 4) + 20 + 20;
+		unsigned long max_size = min_size;
+		if (nr)
+			max_size += (nr - 1)*8;
+		if (idx_size < min_size || idx_size > max_size) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("wrong index v2 file size in %s", path);
+		}
+		if (idx_size != min_size &&
+		    /*
+		     * make sure we can deal with large pack offsets.
+		     * 31-bit signed offset won't be enough, neither
+		     * 32-bit unsigned one will be.
+		     */
+		    (sizeof(off_t) <= 4)) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("pack too large for current definition of off_t in %s", path);
+		}
 	}
 
-	p->index_version = 1;
+	p->index_version = version;
 	p->index_data = idx_map;
 	p->index_size = idx_size;
+	p->num_objects = nr;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	char *idx_name;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (p->index_data)
+		return 0;
+
+	idx_name = xstrdup(p->pack_name);
+	strcpy(idx_name + strlen(idx_name) - strlen(".pack"), ".idx");
+	ret = check_packed_git_idx(idx_name, p);
+	free(idx_name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static void scan_windows(struct packed_git *p,
 	struct packed_git **lru_p,
 	struct pack_window **lru_w,
@@ -516,7 +612,7 @@ static void scan_windows(struct packed_git *p,
 	}
 }
 
-static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current)
+static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current, int keep_fd)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p, *lru_p = NULL;
 	struct pack_window *lru_w = NULL, *lru_l = NULL;
@@ -532,7 +628,7 @@ static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current)
 			lru_l->next = lru_w->next;
 		else {
 			lru_p->windows = lru_w->next;
-			if (!lru_p->windows && lru_p != current) {
+			if (!lru_p->windows && lru_p->pack_fd != keep_fd) {
 				close(lru_p->pack_fd);
 				lru_p->pack_fd = -1;
 			}
@@ -544,13 +640,29 @@ static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void release_pack_memory(size_t need)
+void release_pack_memory(size_t need, int fd)
 {
 	size_t cur = pack_mapped;
-	while (need >= (cur - pack_mapped) && unuse_one_window(NULL))
+	while (need >= (cur - pack_mapped) && unuse_one_window(NULL, fd))
 		; /* nothing */
 }
 
+void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	while (p->windows) {
+		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
+
+		if (w->inuse_cnt)
+			die("pack '%s' still has open windows to it",
+			    p->pack_name);
+		munmap(w->base, w->len);
+		pack_mapped -= w->len;
+		pack_open_windows--;
+		p->windows = w->next;
+		free(w);
+	}
+}
+
 void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **w_cursor)
 {
 	struct pack_window *w = *w_cursor;
@@ -561,6 +673,38 @@ void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **w_cursor)
 }
 
 /*
+ * This is used by git-repack in case a newly created pack happens to
+ * contain the same set of objects as an existing one.  In that case
+ * the resulting file might be different even if its name would be the
+ * same.  It is best to close any reference to the old pack before it is
+ * replaced on disk.  Of course no index pointers nor windows for given pack
+ * must subsist at this point.  If ever objects from this pack are requested
+ * again, the new version of the pack will be reinitialized through
+ * reprepare_packed_git().
+ */
+void free_pack_by_name(const char *pack_name)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p, **pp = &packed_git;
+
+	while (*pp) {
+		p = *pp;
+		if (strcmp(pack_name, p->pack_name) == 0) {
+			clear_delta_base_cache();
+			close_pack_windows(p);
+			if (p->pack_fd != -1)
+				close(p->pack_fd);
+			if (p->index_data)
+				munmap((void *)p->index_data, p->index_size);
+			free(p->bad_object_sha1);
+			*pp = p->next;
+			free(p);
+			return;
+		}
+		pp = &p->next;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
  * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
  * call open_packed_git() instead.
  */
@@ -572,7 +716,12 @@ static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
 	unsigned char *idx_sha1;
 	long fd_flag;
 
+	if (!p->index_data && open_pack_index(p))
+		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
+
 	p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
+	while (p->pack_fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(p, -1))
+		p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
 	if (p->pack_fd < 0 || fstat(p->pack_fd, &st))
 		return -1;
 
@@ -600,16 +749,16 @@ static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
 	if (hdr.hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
 		return error("file %s is not a GIT packfile", p->pack_name);
 	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr.hdr_version))
-		return error("packfile %s is version %u and not supported"
-			" (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
+		return error("packfile %s is version %"PRIu32" and not"
+			" supported (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
 			p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_version));
 
 	/* Verify the pack matches its index. */
-	if (num_packed_objects(p) != ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries))
-		return error("packfile %s claims to have %u objects"
-			" while index size indicates %u objects",
-			p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries),
-			num_packed_objects(p));
+	if (p->num_objects != ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries))
+		return error("packfile %s claims to have %"PRIu32" objects"
+			     " while index indicates %"PRIu32" objects",
+			     p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries),
+			     p->num_objects);
 	if (lseek(p->pack_fd, p->pack_size - sizeof(sha1), SEEK_SET) == -1)
 		return error("end of packfile %s is unavailable", p->pack_name);
 	if (read_in_full(p->pack_fd, sha1, sizeof(sha1)) != sizeof(sha1))
@@ -644,7 +793,7 @@ static int in_window(struct pack_window *win, off_t offset)
 		&& (offset + 20) <= (win_off + win->len);
 }
 
-unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 		struct pack_window **w_cursor,
 		off_t offset,
 		unsigned int *left)
@@ -654,7 +803,7 @@ unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 	if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
 		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
 
-	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and its
+	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
 	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
 	 * hash, and the in_window function above wouldn't match
 	 * don't allow an offset too close to the end of the file.
@@ -680,7 +829,7 @@ unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 			win->len = (size_t)len;
 			pack_mapped += win->len;
 			while (packed_git_limit < pack_mapped
-				&& unuse_one_window(p))
+				&& unuse_one_window(p, p->pack_fd))
 				; /* nothing */
 			win->base = xmmap(NULL, win->len,
 				PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE,
@@ -710,22 +859,36 @@ unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 	return win->base + offset;
 }
 
+static struct packed_git *alloc_packed_git(int extra)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + extra);
+	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+	p->pack_fd = -1;
+	return p;
+}
+
 struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + path_len + 2);
+	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(path_len + 2);
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure a corresponding .pack file exists and that
 	 * the index looks sane.
 	 */
 	path_len -= strlen(".idx");
-	if (path_len < 1)
+	if (path_len < 1) {
+		free(p);
 		return NULL;
+	}
 	memcpy(p->pack_name, path, path_len);
+
+	strcpy(p->pack_name + path_len, ".keep");
+	if (!access(p->pack_name, F_OK))
+		p->pack_keep = 1;
+
 	strcpy(p->pack_name + path_len, ".pack");
-	if (stat(p->pack_name, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
-	    check_packed_git_idx(path, p)) {
+	if (stat(p->pack_name, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 		free(p);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -734,9 +897,6 @@ struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
 	 * actually mapping the pack file.
 	 */
 	p->pack_size = st.st_size;
-	p->next = NULL;
-	p->windows = NULL;
-	p->pack_fd = -1;
 	p->pack_local = local;
 	p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
 	if (path_len < 40 || get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - 40, p->sha1))
@@ -746,27 +906,17 @@ struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
 
 struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	char *path = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
-	return parse_pack_index_file(sha1, path);
-}
-
-struct packed_git *parse_pack_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1,
-					 const char *idx_path)
-{
+	const char *idx_path = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
 	const char *path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
-	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + strlen(path) + 2);
+	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(strlen(path) + 1);
 
+	strcpy(p->pack_name, path);
+	hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
 	if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, p)) {
 		free(p);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	strcpy(p->pack_name, path);
-	p->pack_size = 0;
-	p->next = NULL;
-	p->windows = NULL;
-	p->pack_fd = -1;
-	hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
 	return p;
 }
 
@@ -778,7 +928,10 @@ void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack)
 
 static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	/* Ensure that this buffer is large enough so that we can
+	   append "/pack/" without clobbering the stack even if
+	   strlen(objdir) were PATH_MAX.  */
+	char path[PATH_MAX + 1 + 4 + 1 + 1];
 	int len;
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *de;
@@ -786,6 +939,8 @@ static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 	sprintf(path, "%s/pack", objdir);
 	len = strlen(path);
 	dir = opendir(path);
+	while (!dir && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
+		dir = opendir(path);
 	if (!dir) {
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			error("unable to open object pack directory: %s: %s",
@@ -800,6 +955,9 @@ static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 		if (!has_extension(de->d_name, ".idx"))
 			continue;
 
+		if (len + namelen + 1 > sizeof(path))
+			continue;
+
 		/* Don't reopen a pack we already have. */
 		strcpy(path + len, de->d_name);
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -893,10 +1051,35 @@ void prepare_packed_git(void)
 
 void reprepare_packed_git(void)
 {
+	discard_revindex();
 	prepare_packed_git_run_once = 0;
 	prepare_packed_git();
 }
 
+static void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p,
+				   const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+	for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
+			return;
+	p->bad_object_sha1 = xrealloc(p->bad_object_sha1, 20 * (p->num_bad_objects + 1));
+	hashcpy(p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * p->num_bad_objects, sha1);
+	p->num_bad_objects++;
+}
+
+static int has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+			if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
+				return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map, unsigned long size, const char *type)
 {
 	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
@@ -904,42 +1087,62 @@ int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map, unsigned long siz
 	return hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-void *map_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+static int git_open_noatime(const char *name)
+{
+	static int sha1_file_open_flag = O_NOATIME;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY | sha1_file_open_flag);
+
+	/* Might the failure be due to O_NOATIME? */
+	if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT && sha1_file_open_flag) {
+		fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			sha1_file_open_flag = 0;
+	}
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int open_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	void *map;
 	int fd;
-	char *filename = find_sha1_file(sha1, &st);
+	char *name = sha1_file_name(sha1);
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 
-	if (!filename) {
-		return NULL;
+	fd = git_open_noatime(name);
+	if (fd >= 0)
+		return fd;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	errno = ENOENT;
+	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		name = alt->name;
+		fill_sha1_path(name, sha1);
+		fd = git_open_noatime(alt->base);
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			return fd;
 	}
+	return -1;
+}
 
-	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | sha1_file_open_flag);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		/* See if it works without O_NOATIME */
-		switch (sha1_file_open_flag) {
-		default:
-			fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-			if (fd >= 0)
-				break;
-		/* Fallthrough */
-		case 0:
-			return NULL;
-		}
+static void *map_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	void *map;
+	int fd;
 
-		/* If it failed once, it will probably fail again.
-		 * Stop using O_NOATIME
-		 */
-		sha1_file_open_flag = 0;
+	fd = open_sha1_file(sha1);
+	map = NULL;
+	if (fd >= 0) {
+		struct stat st;
+
+		if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
+			*size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+			map = xmmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+		}
+		close(fd);
 	}
-	*size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	map = xmmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	close(fd);
 	return map;
 }
 
-int legacy_loose_object(unsigned char *map)
+static int legacy_loose_object(unsigned char *map)
 {
 	unsigned int word;
 
@@ -955,11 +1158,11 @@ int legacy_loose_object(unsigned char *map)
 		return 0;
 }
 
-unsigned long unpack_object_header_gently(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
+unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf,
+		unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	unsigned shift;
-	unsigned char c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned long size, c;
 	unsigned long used = 0;
 
 	c = buf[used++];
@@ -967,10 +1170,10 @@ unsigned long unpack_object_header_gently(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned lon
 	size = c & 15;
 	shift = 4;
 	while (c & 0x80) {
-		if (len <= used)
-			return 0;
-		if (sizeof(long) * 8 <= shift)
+		if (len <= used || bitsizeof(long) <= shift) {
+			error("bad object header");
 			return 0;
+		}
 		c = buf[used++];
 		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
@@ -997,11 +1200,19 @@ static int unpack_sha1_header(z_stream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned lon
 	stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
 
 	if (legacy_loose_object(map)) {
-		inflateInit(stream);
-		return inflate(stream, 0);
+		git_inflate_init(stream);
+		return git_inflate(stream, 0);
 	}
 
-	used = unpack_object_header_gently(map, mapsize, &type, &size);
+
+	/*
+	 * There used to be a second loose object header format which
+	 * was meant to mimic the in-pack format, allowing for direct
+	 * copy of the object data.  This format turned up not to be
+	 * really worth it and we don't write it any longer.  But we
+	 * can still read it.
+	 */
+	used = unpack_object_header_buffer(map, mapsize, &type, &size);
 	if (!used || !valid_loose_object_type[type])
 		return -1;
 	map += used;
@@ -1010,7 +1221,7 @@ static int unpack_sha1_header(z_stream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned lon
 	/* Set up the stream for the rest.. */
 	stream->next_in = map;
 	stream->avail_in = mapsize;
-	inflateInit(stream);
+	git_inflate_init(stream);
 
 	/* And generate the fake traditional header */
 	stream->total_out = 1 + snprintf(buffer, bufsiz, "%s %lu",
@@ -1047,11 +1258,11 @@ static void *unpack_sha1_rest(z_stream *stream, void *buffer, unsigned long size
 		stream->next_out = buf + bytes;
 		stream->avail_out = size - bytes;
 		while (status == Z_OK)
-			status = inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
+			status = git_inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
 	}
 	buf[size] = 0;
 	if (status == Z_STREAM_END && !stream->avail_in) {
-		inflateEnd(stream);
+		git_inflate_end(stream);
 		return buf;
 	}
 
@@ -1076,7 +1287,7 @@ static int parse_sha1_header(const char *hdr, unsigned long *sizep)
 	unsigned long size;
 
 	/*
-	 * The type can be at most ten bytes (including the 
+	 * The type can be at most ten bytes (including the
 	 * terminating '\0' that we add), and is followed by
 	 * a space.
 	 */
@@ -1128,6 +1339,45 @@ static void *unpack_sha1_file(void *map, unsigned long mapsize, enum object_type
 	return unpack_sha1_rest(&stream, hdr, *size, sha1);
 }
 
+unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *p,
+				  struct pack_window **w_curs,
+			          off_t curpos)
+{
+	const unsigned char *data;
+	unsigned char delta_head[20], *in;
+	z_stream stream;
+	int st;
+
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	stream.next_out = delta_head;
+	stream.avail_out = sizeof(delta_head);
+
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	do {
+		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
+		stream.next_in = in;
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
+	} while ((st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR) &&
+		 stream.total_out < sizeof(delta_head));
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
+	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) && stream.total_out != sizeof(delta_head)) {
+		error("delta data unpack-initial failed");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Examine the initial part of the delta to figure out
+	 * the result size.
+	 */
+	data = delta_head;
+
+	/* ignore base size */
+	get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
+
+	/* Read the result size */
+	return get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
+}
+
 static off_t get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
 				    struct pack_window **w_curs,
 				    off_t *curpos,
@@ -1149,21 +1399,18 @@ static off_t get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
 		base_offset = c & 127;
 		while (c & 128) {
 			base_offset += 1;
-			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
-				die("offset value overflow for delta base object");
+			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
+				return 0;  /* overflow */
 			c = base_info[used++];
 			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
 		}
 		base_offset = delta_obj_offset - base_offset;
-		if (base_offset >= delta_obj_offset)
-			die("delta base offset out of bound");
+		if (base_offset <= 0 || base_offset >= delta_obj_offset)
+			return 0;  /* out of bound */
 		*curpos += used;
 	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
 		/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
 		base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_info, p);
-		if (!base_offset)
-			die("failed to find delta-pack base object %s",
-				sha1_to_hex(base_info));
 		*curpos += 20;
 	} else
 		die("I am totally screwed");
@@ -1184,7 +1431,21 @@ static int packed_delta_info(struct packed_git *p,
 	off_t base_offset;
 
 	base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+	if (!base_offset)
+		return OBJ_BAD;
 	type = packed_object_info(p, base_offset, NULL);
+	if (type <= OBJ_NONE) {
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+		const unsigned char *base_sha1;
+		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
+		if (!revidx)
+			return OBJ_BAD;
+		base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+		mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
+		type = sha1_object_info(base_sha1, NULL);
+		if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
+			return OBJ_BAD;
+	}
 
 	/* We choose to only get the type of the base object and
 	 * ignore potentially corrupt pack file that expects the delta
@@ -1192,38 +1453,9 @@ static int packed_delta_info(struct packed_git *p,
 	 * inflate() calls.
 	 */
 	if (sizep) {
-		const unsigned char *data;
-		unsigned char delta_head[20], *in;
-		z_stream stream;
-		int st;
-
-		memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-		stream.next_out = delta_head;
-		stream.avail_out = sizeof(delta_head);
-
-		inflateInit(&stream);
-		do {
-			in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
-			stream.next_in = in;
-			st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-			curpos += stream.next_in - in;
-		} while ((st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR)
-			&& stream.total_out < sizeof(delta_head));
-		inflateEnd(&stream);
-		if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) &&
-		    stream.total_out != sizeof(delta_head))
-			die("delta data unpack-initial failed");
-
-		/* Examine the initial part of the delta to figure out
-		 * the result size.
-		 */
-		data = delta_head;
-
-		/* ignore base size */
-		get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
-
-		/* Read the result size */
-		*sizep = get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
+		*sizep = get_size_from_delta(p, w_curs, curpos);
+		if (*sizep == 0)
+			type = OBJ_BAD;
 	}
 
 	return type;
@@ -1246,10 +1478,11 @@ static int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p,
 	 * insane, so we know won't exceed what we have been given.
 	 */
 	base = use_pack(p, w_curs, *curpos, &left);
-	used = unpack_object_header_gently(base, left, &type, sizep);
-	if (!used)
-		die("object offset outside of pack file");
-	*curpos += used;
+	used = unpack_object_header_buffer(base, left, &type, sizep);
+	if (!used) {
+		type = OBJ_BAD;
+	} else
+		*curpos += used;
 
 	return type;
 }
@@ -1266,11 +1499,15 @@ const char *packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 	unsigned long dummy;
 	unsigned char *next_sha1;
 	enum object_type type;
+	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
 
 	*delta_chain_length = 0;
 	curpos = obj_offset;
 	type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, size);
 
+	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+	*store_size = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
+
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (type) {
 		default:
@@ -1280,14 +1517,16 @@ const char *packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 		case OBJ_TREE:
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
 		case OBJ_TAG:
-			*store_size = 0; /* notyet */
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return typename(type);
 		case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
 			obj_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+			if (!obj_offset)
+				die("pack %s contains bad delta base reference of type %s",
+				    p->pack_name, typename(type));
 			if (*delta_chain_length == 0) {
-				/* TODO: find base_sha1 as pointed by curpos */
-				hashclr(base_sha1);
+				revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+				hashcpy(base_sha1, nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr));
 			}
 			break;
 		case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
@@ -1327,8 +1566,9 @@ static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 			*sizep = size;
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("pack %s contains unknown object type %d",
-		    p->pack_name, type);
+		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
+		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
+		type = OBJ_BAD;
 	}
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	return type;
@@ -1349,14 +1589,14 @@ static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	stream.next_out = buffer;
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	do {
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
 		stream.next_in = in;
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
 		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
 	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != size) {
 		free(buffer);
 		return NULL;
@@ -1400,21 +1640,16 @@ static void *cache_or_unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
 
 	ret = ent->data;
-	if (ret && ent->p == p && ent->base_offset == base_offset)
-		goto found_cache_entry;
-	return unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, base_size);
+	if (!ret || ent->p != p || ent->base_offset != base_offset)
+		return unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, base_size);
 
-found_cache_entry:
 	if (!keep_cache) {
 		ent->data = NULL;
 		ent->lru.next->prev = ent->lru.prev;
 		ent->lru.prev->next = ent->lru.next;
 		delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
-	}
-	else {
-		ret = xmalloc(ent->size + 1);
-		memcpy(ret, ent->data, ent->size);
-		((char *)ret)[ent->size] = 0;
+	} else {
+		ret = xmemdupz(ent->data, ent->size);
 	}
 	*type = ent->type;
 	*base_size = ent->size;
@@ -1432,6 +1667,13 @@ static inline void release_delta_base_cache(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
 	}
 }
 
+void clear_delta_base_cache(void)
+{
+	unsigned long p;
+	for (p = 0; p < MAX_DELTA_CACHE; p++)
+		release_delta_base_cache(&delta_base_cache[p]);
+}
+
 static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	void *base, unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
 {
@@ -1469,6 +1711,9 @@ static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	delta_base_cache_lru.prev = &ent->lru;
 }
 
+static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size);
+
 static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 				struct pack_window **w_curs,
 				off_t curpos,
@@ -1482,13 +1727,45 @@ static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	off_t base_offset;
 
 	base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, *type, obj_offset);
+	if (!base_offset) {
+		error("failed to validate delta base reference "
+		      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+		      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	unuse_pack(w_curs);
 	base = cache_or_unpack_entry(p, base_offset, &base_size, type, 0);
-	if (!base)
-		die("failed to read delta base object"
-		    " at %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-		    (uintmax_t)base_offset, p->pack_name);
+	if (!base) {
+		/*
+		 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
+		 * the required base anyway from another pack or loose.
+		 * This is costly but should happen only in the presence
+		 * of a corrupted pack, and is better than failing outright.
+		 */
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+		const unsigned char *base_sha1;
+		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
+		if (!revidx)
+			return NULL;
+		base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+		error("failed to read delta base object %s"
+		      " at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+		      sha1_to_hex(base_sha1), (uintmax_t)base_offset,
+		      p->pack_name);
+		mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
+		base = read_object(base_sha1, type, &base_size);
+		if (!base)
+			return NULL;
+	}
 
 	delta_data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, w_curs, curpos, delta_size);
+	if (!delta_data) {
+		error("failed to unpack compressed delta "
+		      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+		      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+		free(base);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	result = patch_delta(base, base_size,
 			     delta_data, delta_size,
 			     sizep);
@@ -1499,6 +1776,8 @@ static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	return result;
 }
 
+int do_check_packed_object_crc;
+
 void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 		   enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
@@ -1506,6 +1785,20 @@ void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
 	void *data;
 
+	if (do_check_packed_object_crc && p->index_version > 1) {
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+		unsigned long len = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
+		if (check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, obj_offset, len, revidx->nr)) {
+			const unsigned char *sha1 =
+				nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+			error("bad packed object CRC for %s",
+			      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
 	*type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, sizep);
 	switch (*type) {
 	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
@@ -1520,43 +1813,107 @@ void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 		data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, *sizep);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("unknown object type %i in %s", *type, p->pack_name);
+		data = NULL;
+		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
+		      *type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
 	}
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	return data;
 }
 
-uint32_t num_packed_objects(const struct packed_git *p)
+const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *p,
+					    uint32_t n)
 {
-	/* See check_packed_git_idx() */
-	return (uint32_t)((p->index_size - 20 - 20 - 4*256) / 24);
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	if (!index) {
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			return NULL;
+		index = p->index_data;
+	}
+	if (n >= p->num_objects)
+		return NULL;
+	index += 4 * 256;
+	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+		return index + 24 * n + 4;
+	} else {
+		index += 8;
+		return index + 20 * n;
+	}
 }
 
-const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(const struct packed_git *p,
-					    uint32_t n)
+off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t n)
 {
 	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
 	index += 4 * 256;
-	if (num_packed_objects(p) <= n)
-		return NULL;
-	return index + 24 * n + 4;
+	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+		return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * n)));
+	} else {
+		uint32_t off;
+		index += 8 + p->num_objects * (20 + 4);
+		off = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4 * n)));
+		if (!(off & 0x80000000))
+			return off;
+		index += p->num_objects * 4 + (off & 0x7fffffff) * 8;
+		return (((uint64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 0)))) << 32) |
+				   ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4)));
+	}
 }
 
 off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
 				  struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	const uint32_t *level1_ofs = p->index_data;
-	int hi = ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1]);
-	int lo = ((*sha1 == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1 - 1]));
 	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	unsigned hi, lo, stride;
+	static int use_lookup = -1;
+	static int debug_lookup = -1;
 
+	if (debug_lookup < 0)
+		debug_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_DEBUG_LOOKUP");
+
+	if (!index) {
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			return 0;
+		level1_ofs = p->index_data;
+		index = p->index_data;
+	}
+	if (p->index_version > 1) {
+		level1_ofs += 2;
+		index += 8;
+	}
 	index += 4 * 256;
+	hi = ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1]);
+	lo = ((*sha1 == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1 - 1]));
+	if (p->index_version > 1) {
+		stride = 20;
+	} else {
+		stride = 24;
+		index += 4;
+	}
+
+	if (debug_lookup)
+		printf("%02x%02x%02x... lo %u hi %u nr %"PRIu32"\n",
+		       sha1[0], sha1[1], sha1[2], lo, hi, p->num_objects);
+
+	if (use_lookup < 0)
+		use_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_USE_LOOKUP");
+	if (use_lookup) {
+		int pos = sha1_entry_pos(index, stride, 0,
+					 lo, hi, p->num_objects, sha1);
+		if (pos < 0)
+			return 0;
+		return nth_packed_object_offset(p, pos);
+	}
 
 	do {
-		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		int cmp = hashcmp(index + 24 * mi + 4, sha1);
+		unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+		int cmp = hashcmp(index + mi * stride, sha1);
+
+		if (debug_lookup)
+			printf("lo %u hi %u rg %u mi %u\n",
+			       lo, hi, hi - lo, mi);
 		if (!cmp)
-			return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)((char *)index + (24 * mi))));
+			return nth_packed_object_offset(p, mi);
 		if (cmp > 0)
 			hi = mi;
 		else
@@ -1565,40 +1922,25 @@ off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int matches_pack_name(struct packed_git *p, const char *ig)
-{
-	const char *last_c, *c;
-
-	if (!strcmp(p->pack_name, ig))
-		return 0;
-
-	for (c = p->pack_name, last_c = c; *c;)
-		if (*c == '/')
-			last_c = ++c;
-		else
-			++c;
-	if (!strcmp(last_c, ig))
-		return 0;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e, const char **ignore_packed)
+static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e)
 {
+	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	off_t offset;
 
 	prepare_packed_git();
+	if (!packed_git)
+		return 0;
+	p = (last_found == (void *)1) ? packed_git : last_found;
 
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (ignore_packed) {
-			const char **ig;
-			for (ig = ignore_packed; *ig; ig++)
-				if (!matches_pack_name(p, *ig))
-					break;
-			if (*ig)
-				continue;
+	do {
+		if (p->num_bad_objects) {
+			unsigned i;
+			for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+				if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
+					goto next;
 		}
+
 		offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
 		if (offset) {
 			/*
@@ -1611,18 +1953,27 @@ static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e, cons
 			 */
 			if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p)) {
 				error("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-				continue;
+				goto next;
 			}
 			e->offset = offset;
 			e->p = p;
 			hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
+			last_found = p;
 			return 1;
 		}
-	}
+
+		next:
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = packed_git;
+		else
+			p = p->next;
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = p->next;
+	} while (p);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, 
+struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 				  struct packed_git *packs)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
@@ -1653,7 +2004,7 @@ static int sha1_loose_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size
 		status = error("unable to parse %s header", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	else if (sizep)
 		*sizep = size;
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	munmap(map, mapsize);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -1661,24 +2012,51 @@ static int sha1_loose_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size
 int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	struct pack_entry e;
+	int status;
+
+	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e)) {
+		/* Most likely it's a loose object. */
+		status = sha1_loose_object_info(sha1, sizep);
+		if (status >= 0)
+			return status;
 
-	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL)) {
+		/* Not a loose object; someone else may have just packed it. */
 		reprepare_packed_git();
-		if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
-			return sha1_loose_object_info(sha1, sizep);
+		if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
+			return status;
 	}
-	return packed_object_info(e.p, e.offset, sizep);
+
+	status = packed_object_info(e.p, e.offset, sizep);
+	if (status < 0) {
+		mark_bad_packed_object(e.p, sha1);
+		status = sha1_object_info(sha1, sizep);
+	}
+
+	return status;
 }
 
 static void *read_packed_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1,
 			      enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	struct pack_entry e;
+	void *data;
 
-	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
+	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
 		return NULL;
-	else
-		return cache_or_unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, size, type, 1);
+	data = cache_or_unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, size, type, 1);
+	if (!data) {
+		/*
+		 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
+		 * the required object anyway from another pack or loose.
+		 * This should happen only in the presence of a corrupted
+		 * pack, and is better than failing outright.
+		 */
+		error("failed to read object %s at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+		      sha1_to_hex(sha1), (uintmax_t)e.offset, e.p->pack_name);
+		mark_bad_packed_object(e.p, sha1);
+		data = read_object(sha1, type, size);
+	}
+	return data;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1695,6 +2073,13 @@ static struct cached_object {
 } *cached_objects;
 static int cached_object_nr, cached_object_alloc;
 
+static struct cached_object empty_tree = {
+	EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN,
+	OBJ_TREE,
+	"",
+	0
+};
+
 static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -1704,6 +2089,8 @@ static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 		if (!hashcmp(co->sha1, sha1))
 			return co;
 	}
+	if (!hashcmp(sha1, empty_tree.sha1))
+		return &empty_tree;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -1730,8 +2117,8 @@ int pretend_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type type,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
-		     unsigned long *size)
+static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size)
 {
 	unsigned long mapsize;
 	void *map, *buf;
@@ -1739,12 +2126,9 @@ void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
 
 	co = find_cached_object(sha1);
 	if (co) {
-		buf = xmalloc(co->size + 1);
-		memcpy(buf, co->buf, co->size);
-		((char*)buf)[co->size] = 0;
 		*type = co->type;
 		*size = co->size;
-		return buf;
+		return xmemdupz(co->buf, co->size);
 	}
 
 	buf = read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
@@ -1760,6 +2144,16 @@ void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
 	return read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
 }
 
+void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+		     unsigned long *size)
+{
+	void *data = read_object(sha1, type, size);
+	/* legacy behavior is to die on corrupted objects */
+	if (!data && (has_loose_object(sha1) || has_packed_and_bad(sha1)))
+		die("object %s is corrupted", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	return data;
+}
+
 void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
 				 const char *required_type_name,
 				 unsigned long *size,
@@ -1796,7 +2190,8 @@ void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		}
 		ref_length = strlen(ref_type);
 
-		if (memcmp(buffer, ref_type, ref_length) ||
+		if (ref_length + 40 > isize ||
+		    memcmp(buffer, ref_type, ref_length) ||
 		    get_sha1_hex((char *) buffer + ref_length, actual_sha1)) {
 			free(buffer);
 			return NULL;
@@ -1811,61 +2206,32 @@ static void write_sha1_file_prepare(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
                                     const char *type, unsigned char *sha1,
                                     char *hdr, int *hdrlen)
 {
-	SHA_CTX c;
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
 
 	/* Generate the header */
 	*hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", type, len)+1;
 
 	/* Sha1.. */
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, *hdrlen);
-	SHA1_Update(&c, buf, len);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, *hdrlen);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, buf, len);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
 }
 
 /*
- * Link the tempfile to the final place, possibly creating the
- * last directory level as you do so.
- *
- * Returns the errno on failure, 0 on success.
+ * Move the just written object into its final resting place.
+ * NEEDSWORK: this should be renamed to finalize_temp_file() as
+ * "moving" is only a part of what it does, when no patch between
+ * master to pu changes the call sites of this function.
  */
-static int link_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
+int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 {
-	int ret;
-	char *dir;
-
-	if (!link(tmpfile, filename))
-		return 0;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Try to mkdir the last path component if that failed.
-	 *
-	 * Re-try the "link()" regardless of whether the mkdir
-	 * succeeds, since a race might mean that somebody
-	 * else succeeded.
-	 */
-	ret = errno;
-	dir = strrchr(filename, '/');
-	if (dir) {
-		*dir = 0;
-		if (!mkdir(filename, 0777) && adjust_shared_perm(filename)) {
-			*dir = '/';
-			return -2;
-		}
-		*dir = '/';
-		if (!link(tmpfile, filename))
-			return 0;
+	if (object_creation_mode == OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES)
+		goto try_rename;
+	else if (link(tmpfile, filename))
 		ret = errno;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Move the just written object into its final resting place
- */
-int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
-{
-	int ret = link_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
 
 	/*
 	 * Coda hack - coda doesn't like cross-directory links,
@@ -1875,15 +2241,16 @@ int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 	 *
 	 * The same holds for FAT formatted media.
 	 *
-	 * When this succeeds, we just return 0. We have nothing
+	 * When this succeeds, we just return.  We have nothing
 	 * left to unlink.
 	 */
 	if (ret && ret != EEXIST) {
+	try_rename:
 		if (!rename(tmpfile, filename))
-			return 0;
+			goto out;
 		ret = errno;
 	}
-	unlink(tmpfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(tmpfile);
 	if (ret) {
 		if (ret != EEXIST) {
 			return error("unable to write sha1 filename %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(ret));
@@ -1891,6 +2258,9 @@ int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 		/* FIXME!!! Collision check here ? */
 	}
 
+out:
+	if (set_shared_perm(filename, (S_IFREG|0444)))
+		return error("unable to set permission to '%s'", filename);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1901,40 +2271,6 @@ static int write_buffer(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_binary_header(unsigned char *hdr, enum object_type type, unsigned long len)
-{
-	int hdr_len;
-	unsigned char c;
-
-	c = (type << 4) | (len & 15);
-	len >>= 4;
-	hdr_len = 1;
-	while (len) {
-		*hdr++ = c | 0x80;
-		hdr_len++;
-		c = (len & 0x7f);
-		len >>= 7;
-	}
-	*hdr = c;
-	return hdr_len;
-}
-
-static void setup_object_header(z_stream *stream, const char *type, unsigned long len)
-{
-	int obj_type, hdrlen;
-
-	if (use_legacy_headers) {
-		while (deflate(stream, 0) == Z_OK)
-			/* nothing */;
-		return;
-	}
-	obj_type = type_from_string(type);
-	hdrlen = write_binary_header(stream->next_out, obj_type, len);
-	stream->total_out = hdrlen;
-	stream->next_out += hdrlen;
-	stream->avail_out -= hdrlen;
-}
-
 int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type,
                    unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -1944,45 +2280,72 @@ int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *returnsha1)
+/* Finalize a file on disk, and close it. */
+static void close_sha1_file(int fd)
 {
-	int size, ret;
-	unsigned char *compressed;
-	z_stream stream;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *filename;
-	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	char hdr[32];
-	int fd, hdrlen;
+	if (fsync_object_files)
+		fsync_or_die(fd, "sha1 file");
+	if (close(fd) != 0)
+		die_errno("error when closing sha1 file");
+}
 
-	/* Normally if we have it in the pack then we do not bother writing
-	 * it out into .git/objects/??/?{38} file.
-	 */
-	write_sha1_file_prepare(buf, len, type, sha1, hdr, &hdrlen);
-	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-	if (returnsha1)
-		hashcpy(returnsha1, sha1);
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		return 0;
-	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd >= 0) {
-		/*
-		 * FIXME!!! We might do collision checking here, but we'd
-		 * need to uncompress the old file and check it. Later.
-		 */
-		close(fd);
+/* Size of directory component, including the ending '/' */
+static inline int directory_size(const char *filename)
+{
+	const char *s = strrchr(filename, '/');
+	if (!s)
 		return 0;
+	return s - filename + 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This creates a temporary file in the same directory as the final
+ * 'filename'
+ *
+ * We want to avoid cross-directory filename renames, because those
+ * can have problems on various filesystems (FAT, NFS, Coda).
+ */
+static int create_tmpfile(char *buffer, size_t bufsiz, const char *filename)
+{
+	int fd, dirlen = directory_size(filename);
+
+	if (dirlen + 20 > bufsiz) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
 	}
+	memcpy(buffer, filename, dirlen);
+	strcpy(buffer + dirlen, "tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
+	fd = mkstemp(buffer);
+	if (fd < 0 && dirlen && errno == ENOENT) {
+		/* Make sure the directory exists */
+		memcpy(buffer, filename, dirlen);
+		buffer[dirlen-1] = 0;
+		if (mkdir(buffer, 0777) || adjust_shared_perm(buffer))
+			return -1;
 
-	if (errno != ENOENT) {
-		return error("sha1 file %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		/* Try again */
+		strcpy(buffer + dirlen - 1, "/tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
+		fd = mkstemp(buffer);
 	}
+	return fd;
+}
 
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s/tmp_obj_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
+static int write_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1, char *hdr, int hdrlen,
+			      void *buf, unsigned long len, time_t mtime)
+{
+	int fd, ret;
+	size_t size;
+	unsigned char *compressed;
+	z_stream stream;
+	char *filename;
+	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
 
-	fd = mkstemp(tmpfile);
+	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
+	fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
+	while (fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
+		fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
 	if (fd < 0) {
-		if (errno == EPERM)
+		if (errno == EACCES)
 			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s\n", get_object_directory());
 		else
 			return error("unable to create temporary sha1 filename %s: %s\n", tmpfile, strerror(errno));
@@ -2001,7 +2364,8 @@ int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned cha
 	/* First header.. */
 	stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)hdr;
 	stream.avail_in = hdrlen;
-	setup_object_header(&stream, type, len);
+	while (deflate(&stream, 0) == Z_OK)
+		/* nothing */;
 
 	/* Then the data itself.. */
 	stream.next_in = buf;
@@ -2018,156 +2382,57 @@ int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned cha
 
 	if (write_buffer(fd, compressed, size) < 0)
 		die("unable to write sha1 file");
-	fchmod(fd, 0444);
-	if (close(fd))
-		die("unable to write sha1 file");
+	close_sha1_file(fd);
 	free(compressed);
 
+	if (mtime) {
+		struct utimbuf utb;
+		utb.actime = mtime;
+		utb.modtime = mtime;
+		if (utime(tmpfile, &utb) < 0)
+			warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
+				tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+	}
+
 	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
 }
 
-/*
- * We need to unpack and recompress the object for writing
- * it out to a different file.
- */
-static void *repack_object(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *objsize)
+int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *returnsha1)
 {
-	size_t size;
-	z_stream stream;
-	unsigned char *unpacked;
-	unsigned long len;
-	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char hdr[32];
 	int hdrlen;
-	void *buf;
-
-	/* need to unpack and recompress it by itself */
-	unpacked = read_packed_sha1(sha1, &type, &len);
-	if (!unpacked)
-		error("cannot read sha1_file for %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), len) + 1;
-
-	/* Set it up */
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	deflateInit(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
-	size = deflateBound(&stream, len + hdrlen);
-	buf = xmalloc(size);
-
-	/* Compress it */
-	stream.next_out = buf;
-	stream.avail_out = size;
-
-	/* First header.. */
-	stream.next_in = (void *)hdr;
-	stream.avail_in = hdrlen;
-	while (deflate(&stream, 0) == Z_OK)
-		/* nothing */;
-
-	/* Then the data itself.. */
-	stream.next_in = unpacked;
-	stream.avail_in = len;
-	while (deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH) == Z_OK)
-		/* nothing */;
-	deflateEnd(&stream);
-	free(unpacked);
 
-	*objsize = stream.total_out;
-	return buf;
-}
-
-int write_sha1_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int retval;
-	unsigned long objsize;
-	void *buf = map_sha1_file(sha1, &objsize);
-
-	if (buf) {
-		retval = write_buffer(fd, buf, objsize);
-		munmap(buf, objsize);
-		return retval;
-	}
-
-	buf = repack_object(sha1, &objsize);
-	retval = write_buffer(fd, buf, objsize);
-	free(buf);
-	return retval;
+	/* Normally if we have it in the pack then we do not bother writing
+	 * it out into .git/objects/??/?{38} file.
+	 */
+	write_sha1_file_prepare(buf, len, type, sha1, hdr, &hdrlen);
+	if (returnsha1)
+		hashcpy(returnsha1, sha1);
+	if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
+		return 0;
+	return write_loose_object(sha1, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, 0);
 }
 
-int write_sha1_from_fd(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, char *buffer,
-		       size_t bufsize, size_t *bufposn)
+int force_object_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, time_t mtime)
 {
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int local;
-	z_stream stream;
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char discard[4096];
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned long len;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char hdr[32];
+	int hdrlen;
 	int ret;
-	SHA_CTX c;
-
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s/tmp_obj_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
 
-	local = mkstemp(tmpfile);
-	if (local < 0) {
-		if (errno == EPERM)
-			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s\n", get_object_directory());
-		else
-			return error("unable to create temporary sha1 filename %s: %s\n", tmpfile, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-
-	SHA1_Init(&c);
-
-	do {
-		ssize_t size;
-		if (*bufposn) {
-			stream.avail_in = *bufposn;
-			stream.next_in = (unsigned char *) buffer;
-			do {
-				stream.next_out = discard;
-				stream.avail_out = sizeof(discard);
-				ret = inflate(&stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
-				SHA1_Update(&c, discard, sizeof(discard) -
-					    stream.avail_out);
-			} while (stream.avail_in && ret == Z_OK);
-			if (write_buffer(local, buffer, *bufposn - stream.avail_in) < 0)
-				die("unable to write sha1 file");
-			memmove(buffer, buffer + *bufposn - stream.avail_in,
-				stream.avail_in);
-			*bufposn = stream.avail_in;
-			if (ret != Z_OK)
-				break;
-		}
-		size = xread(fd, buffer + *bufposn, bufsize - *bufposn);
-		if (size <= 0) {
-			close(local);
-			unlink(tmpfile);
-			if (!size)
-				return error("Connection closed?");
-			perror("Reading from connection");
-			return -1;
-		}
-		*bufposn += size;
-	} while (1);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
-
-	fchmod(local, 0444);
-	if (close(local) != 0)
-		die("unable to write sha1 file");
-	SHA1_Final(real_sha1, &c);
-	if (ret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-		return error("File %s corrupted", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1)) {
-		unlink(tmpfile);
-		return error("File %s has bad hash", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
+	if (has_loose_object(sha1))
+		return 0;
+	buf = read_packed_sha1(sha1, &type, &len);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error("cannot read sha1_file for %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), len) + 1;
+	ret = write_loose_object(sha1, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, mtime);
+	free(buf);
 
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, sha1_file_name(sha1));
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -2186,103 +2451,37 @@ int has_pack_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, const char **ignore_packed)
+int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct pack_entry e;
-	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, ignore_packed);
+	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e);
 }
 
 int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct stat st;
 	struct pack_entry e;
 
-	if (find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
+	if (find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
 		return 1;
-	return find_sha1_file(sha1, &st) ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * reads from fd as long as possible into a supplied buffer of size bytes.
- * If necessary the buffer's size is increased using realloc()
- *
- * returns 0 if anything went fine and -1 otherwise
- *
- * NOTE: both buf and size may change, but even when -1 is returned
- * you still have to free() it yourself.
- */
-int read_pipe(int fd, char** return_buf, unsigned long* return_size)
-{
-	char* buf = *return_buf;
-	unsigned long size = *return_size;
-	int iret;
-	unsigned long off = 0;
-
-	do {
-		iret = xread(fd, buf + off, size - off);
-		if (iret > 0) {
-			off += iret;
-			if (off == size) {
-				size *= 2;
-				buf = xrealloc(buf, size);
-			}
-		}
-	} while (iret > 0);
-
-	*return_buf = buf;
-	*return_size = off;
-
-	if (iret < 0)
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int index_pipe(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, const char *type, int write_object)
-{
-	unsigned long size = 4096;
-	char *buf = xmalloc(size);
-	int ret;
-
-	if (read_pipe(fd, &buf, &size)) {
-		free(buf);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (!type)
-		type = blob_type;
-	if (write_object)
-		ret = write_sha1_file(buf, size, type, sha1);
-	else
-		ret = hash_sha1_file(buf, size, type, sha1);
-	free(buf);
-	return ret;
+	return has_loose_object(sha1);
 }
 
-int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object,
-	     enum object_type type, const char *path)
+static int index_mem(unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, size_t size,
+		     int write_object, enum object_type type, const char *path)
 {
-	size_t size = xsize_t(st->st_size);
-	void *buf = NULL;
 	int ret, re_allocated = 0;
 
-	if (size)
-		buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	close(fd);
-
 	if (!type)
 		type = OBJ_BLOB;
 
 	/*
 	 * Convert blobs to git internal format
 	 */
-	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && S_ISREG(st->st_mode)) {
-		unsigned long nsize = size;
-		char *nbuf = buf;
-		if (convert_to_git(path, &nbuf, &nsize)) {
-			if (size)
-				munmap(buf, size);
-			size = nsize;
-			buf = nbuf;
+	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && path) {
+		struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (convert_to_git(path, buf, size, &nbuf,
+		                   write_object ? safe_crlf : 0)) {
+			buf = strbuf_detach(&nbuf, &size);
 			re_allocated = 1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -2291,20 +2490,39 @@ int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object,
 		ret = write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), sha1);
 	else
 		ret = hash_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), sha1);
-	if (re_allocated) {
+	if (re_allocated)
 		free(buf);
-		return ret;
-	}
-	if (size)
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object,
+	     enum object_type type, const char *path)
+{
+	int ret;
+	size_t size = xsize_t(st->st_size);
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st->st_mode)) {
+		struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (strbuf_read(&sbuf, fd, 4096) >= 0)
+			ret = index_mem(sha1, sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, write_object,
+					type, path);
+		else
+			ret = -1;
+		strbuf_release(&sbuf);
+	} else if (size) {
+		void *buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+		ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, write_object, type, path);
 		munmap(buf, size);
+	} else
+		ret = index_mem(sha1, NULL, size, write_object, type, path);
+	close(fd);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write_object)
 {
 	int fd;
-	char *target;
-	size_t len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFREG:
@@ -2317,21 +2535,20 @@ int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write
 				     path);
 		break;
 	case S_IFLNK:
-		len = xsize_t(st->st_size);
-		target = xmalloc(len + 1);
-		if (readlink(path, target, len + 1) != st->st_size) {
+		if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st->st_size)) {
 			char *errstr = strerror(errno);
-			free(target);
 			return error("readlink(\"%s\"): %s", path,
 			             errstr);
 		}
 		if (!write_object)
-			hash_sha1_file(target, len, blob_type, sha1);
-		else if (write_sha1_file(target, len, blob_type, sha1))
+			hash_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1);
+		else if (write_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1))
 			return error("%s: failed to insert into database",
 				     path);
-		free(target);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
 		break;
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		return resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1);
 	default:
 		return error("%s: unsupported file type", path);
 	}
@@ -2340,16 +2557,10 @@ int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write
 
 int read_pack_header(int fd, struct pack_header *header)
 {
-	char *c = (char*)header;
-	ssize_t remaining = sizeof(struct pack_header);
-	do {
-		ssize_t r = xread(fd, c, remaining);
-		if (r <= 0)
-			/* "eof before pack header was fully read" */
-			return PH_ERROR_EOF;
-		remaining -= r;
-		c += r;
-	} while (remaining > 0);
+	if (read_in_full(fd, header, sizeof(*header)) < sizeof(*header))
+		/* "eof before pack header was fully read" */
+		return PH_ERROR_EOF;
+
 	if (header->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
 		/* "protocol error (pack signature mismatch detected)" */
 		return PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE;
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index 267ea3f3ed..44bb62d270 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -76,8 +76,11 @@ static int find_short_packed_object(int len, const unsigned char *match, unsigne
 
 	prepare_packed_git();
 	for (p = packed_git; p && found < 2; p = p->next) {
-		uint32_t num = num_packed_objects(p);
-		uint32_t first = 0, last = num;
+		uint32_t num, last;
+		uint32_t first = 0;
+		open_pack_index(p);
+		num = p->num_objects;
+		last = num;
 		while (first < last) {
 			uint32_t mid = (first + last) / 2;
 			const unsigned char *now;
@@ -133,6 +136,7 @@ static int find_unique_short_object(int len, char *canonical,
 	int has_unpacked, has_packed;
 	unsigned char unpacked_sha1[20], packed_sha1[20];
 
+	prepare_alt_odb();
 	has_unpacked = find_short_object_filename(len, canonical, unpacked_sha1);
 	has_packed = find_short_packed_object(len, res, packed_sha1);
 	if (!has_unpacked && !has_packed)
@@ -188,26 +192,25 @@ static int get_short_sha1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 
 const char *find_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
 {
-	int status, is_null;
+	int status, exists;
 	static char hex[41];
 
-	is_null = is_null_sha1(sha1);
+	exists = has_sha1_file(sha1);
 	memcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
 	if (len == 40 || !len)
 		return hex;
 	while (len < 40) {
 		unsigned char sha1_ret[20];
 		status = get_short_sha1(hex, len, sha1_ret, 1);
-		if (!status ||
-		    (is_null && status != SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS)) {
+		if (exists
+		    ? !status
+		    : status == SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
 			hex[len] = 0;
 			return hex;
 		}
-		if (status != SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS)
-			return NULL;
 		len++;
 	}
-	return NULL;
+	return hex;
 }
 
 static int ambiguous_path(const char *path, int len)
@@ -235,52 +238,69 @@ static int ambiguous_path(const char *path, int len)
 	return slash;
 }
 
-static const char *ref_fmt[] = {
-	"%.*s",
-	"refs/%.*s",
-	"refs/tags/%.*s",
-	"refs/heads/%.*s",
-	"refs/remotes/%.*s",
-	"refs/remotes/%.*s/HEAD",
-	NULL
-};
+/*
+ * *string and *len will only be substituted, and *string returned (for
+ * later free()ing) if the string passed in is of the form @{-<n>}.
+ */
+static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, &buf);
+
+	if (ret == *len) {
+		size_t size;
+		*string = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
+		*len = size;
+		return (char *)*string;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
 
 int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
 {
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
 	const char **p, *r;
 	int refs_found = 0;
 
 	*ref = NULL;
-	for (p = ref_fmt; *p; p++) {
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
+		char fullref[PATH_MAX];
 		unsigned char sha1_from_ref[20];
 		unsigned char *this_result;
+		int flag;
 
 		this_result = refs_found ? sha1_from_ref : sha1;
-		r = resolve_ref(mkpath(*p, len, str), this_result, 1, NULL);
+		mksnpath(fullref, sizeof(fullref), *p, len, str);
+		r = resolve_ref(fullref, this_result, 1, &flag);
 		if (r) {
 			if (!refs_found++)
 				*ref = xstrdup(r);
 			if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 				break;
-		}
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+			   (len != 4 || strcmp(str, "HEAD")))
+			warning("ignoring dangling symref %s.", fullref);
 	}
+	free(last_branch);
 	return refs_found;
 }
 
 int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
 {
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
 	const char **p;
 	int logs_found = 0;
 
 	*log = NULL;
-	for (p = ref_fmt; *p; p++) {
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
 		struct stat st;
 		unsigned char hash[20];
 		char path[PATH_MAX];
 		const char *ref, *it;
 
-		strcpy(path, mkpath(*p, len, str));
-		ref = resolve_ref(path, hash, 0, NULL);
+		mksnpath(path, sizeof(path), *p, len, str);
+		ref = resolve_ref(path, hash, 1, NULL);
 		if (!ref)
 			continue;
 		if (!stat(git_path("logs/%s", path), &st) &&
@@ -299,9 +319,12 @@ int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
 		if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 			break;
 	}
+	free(last_branch);
 	return logs_found;
 }
 
+static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1);
+
 static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	static const char *warning = "warning: refname '%.*s' is ambiguous.\n";
@@ -312,10 +335,10 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(str, sha1))
 		return 0;
 
-	/* basic@{time or number} format to query ref-log */
+	/* basic@{time or number or -number} format to query ref-log */
 	reflog_len = at = 0;
-	if (str[len-1] == '}') {
-		for (at = 0; at < len - 1; at++) {
+	if (len && str[len-1] == '}') {
+		for (at = len-2; at >= 0; at--) {
 			if (str[at] == '@' && str[at+1] == '{') {
 				reflog_len = (len-1) - (at+2);
 				len = at;
@@ -329,6 +352,16 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!len && reflog_len) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int ret;
+		/* try the @{-N} syntax for n-th checkout */
+		ret = interpret_branch_name(str+at, &buf);
+		if (ret > 0) {
+			/* substitute this branch name and restart */
+			return get_sha1_1(buf.buf, buf.len, sha1);
+		} else if (ret == 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
 		/* allow "@{...}" to mean the current branch reflog */
 		refs_found = dwim_ref("HEAD", 4, sha1, &real_ref);
 	} else if (reflog_len)
@@ -356,17 +389,23 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 			else
 				nth = -1;
 		}
-		if (0 <= nth)
+		if (100000000 <= nth) {
+			at_time = nth;
+			nth = -1;
+		} else if (0 <= nth)
 			at_time = 0;
-		else
-			at_time = approxidate(str + at + 2);
+		else {
+			char *tmp = xstrndup(str + at + 2, reflog_len);
+			at_time = approxidate(tmp);
+			free(tmp);
+		}
 		if (read_ref_at(real_ref, at_time, nth, sha1, NULL,
 				&co_time, &co_tz, &co_cnt)) {
 			if (at_time)
 				fprintf(stderr,
 					"warning: Log for '%.*s' only goes "
 					"back to %s.\n", len, str,
-					show_rfc2822_date(co_time, co_tz));
+					show_date(co_time, co_tz, DATE_RFC2822));
 			else
 				fprintf(stderr,
 					"warning: Log for '%.*s' only has "
@@ -378,8 +417,6 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1);
-
 static int get_parent(const char *name, int len,
 		      unsigned char *result, int idx)
 {
@@ -414,21 +451,56 @@ static int get_nth_ancestor(const char *name, int len,
 			    unsigned char *result, int generation)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1);
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		return -1;
 
 	while (generation--) {
-		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-
-		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit) || !commit->parents)
+		if (parse_commit(commit) || !commit->parents)
 			return -1;
-		hashcpy(sha1, commit->parents->item->object.sha1);
+		commit = commit->parents->item;
 	}
-	hashcpy(result, sha1);
+	hashcpy(result, commit->object.sha1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
+			    struct object *o, enum object_type expected_type)
+{
+	if (name && !namelen)
+		namelen = strlen(name);
+	if (!o) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (get_sha1_1(name, namelen, sha1))
+			return NULL;
+		o = parse_object(sha1);
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
+			return NULL;
+		if (o->type == expected_type)
+			return o;
+		if (o->type == OBJ_TAG)
+			o = ((struct tag*) o)->tagged;
+		else if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			o = &(((struct commit *) o)->tree->object);
+		else {
+			if (name)
+				error("%.*s: expected %s type, but the object "
+				      "dereferences to %s type",
+				      namelen, name, typename(expected_type),
+				      typename(o->type));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned char outer[20];
@@ -480,29 +552,17 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 		hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
 	}
 	else {
-		/* At this point, the syntax look correct, so
+		/*
+		 * At this point, the syntax look correct, so
 		 * if we do not get the needed object, we should
 		 * barf.
 		 */
-
-		while (1) {
-			if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
-				return -1;
-			if (o->type == expected_type) {
-				hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			if (o->type == OBJ_TAG)
-				o = ((struct tag*) o)->tagged;
-			else if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-				o = &(((struct commit *) o)->tree->object);
-			else
-				return error("%.*s: expected %s type, but the object dereferences to %s type",
-					     len, name, typename(expected_type),
-					     typename(o->type));
-			if (!o->parsed)
-				parse_object(o->sha1);
+		o = peel_to_type(name, len, o, expected_type);
+		if (o) {
+			hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+			return 0;
 		}
+		return -1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -532,9 +592,8 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	int ret, has_suffix;
 	const char *cp;
 
-	/* "name~3" is "name^^^",
-	 * "name~" and "name~0" are name -- not "name^0"!
-	 * "name^" is not "name^0"; it is "name^1".
+	/*
+	 * "name~3" is "name^^^", "name~" is "name~1", and "name^" is "name^1".
 	 */
 	has_suffix = 0;
 	for (cp = name + len - 1; name <= cp; cp--) {
@@ -552,11 +611,10 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 		cp++;
 		while (cp < name + len)
 			num = num * 10 + *cp++ - '0';
-		if (has_suffix == '^') {
-			if (!num && len1 == len - 1)
-				num = 1;
+		if (!num && len1 == len - 1)
+			num = 1;
+		if (has_suffix == '^')
 			return get_parent(name, len1, sha1, num);
-		}
 		/* else if (has_suffix == '~') -- goes without saying */
 		return get_nth_ancestor(name, len1, sha1, num);
 	}
@@ -584,8 +642,11 @@ static int handle_one_ref(const char *path,
 	struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 	if (!object)
 		return 0;
-	if (object->type == OBJ_TAG)
+	if (object->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		object = deref_tag(object, path, strlen(path));
+		if (!object)
+			return 0;
+	}
 	if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 0;
 	insert_by_date((struct commit *)object, list);
@@ -606,24 +667,35 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL, *backup = NULL, *l;
 	int retval = -1;
+	char *temp_commit_buffer = NULL;
 
 	if (prefix[0] == '!') {
 		if (prefix[1] != '!')
 			die ("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
 		prefix++;
 	}
-	if (!save_commit_buffer)
-		return error("Could not expand oneline-name.");
 	for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
 	for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
 		commit_list_insert(l->item, &backup);
 	while (list) {
 		char *p;
 		struct commit *commit;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
 
 		commit = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, ONELINE_SEEN);
-		parse_object(commit->object.sha1);
-		if (!commit->buffer || !(p = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n")))
+		if (!parse_object(commit->object.sha1))
+			continue;
+		free(temp_commit_buffer);
+		if (commit->buffer)
+			p = commit->buffer;
+		else {
+			p = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+			if (!p)
+				continue;
+			temp_commit_buffer = p;
+		}
+		if (!(p = strstr(p, "\n\n")))
 			continue;
 		if (!prefixcmp(p + 2, prefix)) {
 			hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
@@ -631,24 +703,114 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
+	free(temp_commit_buffer);
 	free_commit_list(list);
 	for (l = backup; l; l = l->next)
 		clear_commit_marks(l->item, ONELINE_SEEN);
 	return retval;
 }
 
+struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata {
+	long cnt, alloc;
+	struct strbuf *buf;
+};
+
+static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
+				  const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+				  const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
+	const char *match = NULL, *target = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+	int nth;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(message, "checkout: moving from ")) {
+		match = message + strlen("checkout: moving from ");
+		target = strstr(match, " to ");
+	}
+
+	if (!match || !target)
+		return 0;
+
+	len = target - match;
+	nth = cb->cnt++ % cb->alloc;
+	strbuf_reset(&cb->buf[nth]);
+	strbuf_add(&cb->buf[nth], match, len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This reads "@{-N}" syntax, finds the name of the Nth previous
+ * branch we were on, and places the name of the branch in the given
+ * buf and returns the number of characters parsed if successful.
+ *
+ * If the input is not of the accepted format, it returns a negative
+ * number to signal an error.
+ *
+ * If the input was ok but there are not N branch switches in the
+ * reflog, it returns 0.
+ */
+int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	long nth;
+	int i, retval;
+	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata cb;
+	const char *brace;
+	char *num_end;
+
+	if (name[0] != '@' || name[1] != '{' || name[2] != '-')
+		return -1;
+	brace = strchr(name, '}');
+	if (!brace)
+		return -1;
+	nth = strtol(name+3, &num_end, 10);
+	if (num_end != brace)
+		return -1;
+	if (nth <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	cb.alloc = nth;
+	cb.buf = xmalloc(nth * sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
+		strbuf_init(&cb.buf[i], 20);
+	cb.cnt = 0;
+	retval = 0;
+	for_each_recent_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, 40960, &cb);
+	if (cb.cnt < nth) {
+		cb.cnt = 0;
+		for_each_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb);
+	}
+	if (cb.cnt < nth)
+		goto release_return;
+	i = cb.cnt % nth;
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_add(buf, cb.buf[i].buf, cb.buf[i].len);
+	retval = brace-name+1;
+
+release_return:
+	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
+		strbuf_release(&cb.buf[i]);
+	free(cb.buf);
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
 /*
  * This is like "get_sha1_basic()", except it allows "sha1 expressions",
  * notably "xyz^" for "parent of xyz"
  */
 int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int ret, bracket_depth;
 	unsigned unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_mode(name, sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_with_mode(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode)
+{
+	int ret, bracket_depth;
 	int namelen = strlen(name);
 	const char *cp;
 
-	prepare_alt_odb();
+	*mode = S_IFINVALID;
 	ret = get_sha1_1(name, namelen, sha1);
 	if (!ret)
 		return ret;
@@ -673,8 +835,6 @@ int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 		namelen = namelen - (cp - name);
 		if (!active_cache)
 			read_cache();
-		if (active_nr < 0)
-			return -1;
 		pos = cache_name_pos(cp, namelen);
 		if (pos < 0)
 			pos = -pos - 1;
@@ -685,6 +845,7 @@ int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 				break;
 			if (ce_stage(ce) == stage) {
 				hashcpy(sha1, ce->sha1);
+				*mode = ce->ce_mode;
 				return 0;
 			}
 			pos++;
@@ -703,7 +864,7 @@ int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 		unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
 		if (!get_sha1_1(name, cp-name, tree_sha1))
 			return get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, cp+1, sha1,
-					      &unused);
+					      mode);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/shallow.c b/shallow.c
index d17868929c..4d90eda19e 100644
--- a/shallow.c
+++ b/shallow.c
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 			if (i < heads->nr) {
 				commit = (struct commit *)
 					deref_tag(heads->objects[i++].item, NULL, 0);
-				if (commit->object.type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
+				if (!commit || commit->object.type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
 					commit = NULL;
 					continue;
 				}
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 				cur_depth = *(int *)commit->util;
 			}
 		}
-		parse_commit(commit);
+		if (parse_commit(commit))
+			die("invalid commit");
 		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		cur_depth++;
 		for (p = commit->parents, commit = NULL; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -101,4 +102,3 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 
 	return result;
 }
-
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index c983fc7b86..e4864e04da 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static int do_generic_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
 {
 	const char *my_argv[4];
 
+	setup_path();
 	if (!arg || !(arg = sq_dequote(arg)))
 		die("bad argument");
 	if (prefixcmp(me, "git-"))
@@ -18,12 +20,28 @@ static int do_generic_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
 	return execv_git_cmd(my_argv);
 }
 
+static int do_cvs_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
+{
+	const char *cvsserver_argv[3] = {
+		"cvsserver", "server", NULL
+	};
+
+	if (!arg || strcmp(arg, "server"))
+		die("git-cvsserver only handles server: %s", arg);
+
+	setup_path();
+	return execv_git_cmd(cvsserver_argv);
+}
+
+
 static struct commands {
 	const char *name;
 	int (*exec)(const char *me, char *arg);
 } cmd_list[] = {
 	{ "git-receive-pack", do_generic_cmd },
 	{ "git-upload-pack", do_generic_cmd },
+	{ "git-upload-archive", do_generic_cmd },
+	{ "cvs", do_cvs_cmd },
 	{ NULL },
 };
 
@@ -31,14 +49,38 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	char *prog;
 	struct commands *cmd;
+	int devnull_fd;
+
+	/*
+	 * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
+	 * in die().  It also avoids not messing up when the pipes are
+	 * dup'ed onto stdin/stdout/stderr in the child processes we spawn.
+	 */
+	devnull_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+	while (devnull_fd >= 0 && devnull_fd <= 2)
+		devnull_fd = dup(devnull_fd);
+	if (devnull_fd == -1)
+		die_errno("opening /dev/null failed");
+	close (devnull_fd);
 
-	/* We want to see "-c cmd args", and nothing else */
-	if (argc != 3 || strcmp(argv[1], "-c"))
+	/*
+	 * Special hack to pretend to be a CVS server
+	 */
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "cvs server"))
+		argv--;
+
+	/*
+	 * We do not accept anything but "-c" followed by "cmd arg",
+	 * where "cmd" is a very limited subset of git commands.
+	 */
+	else if (argc != 3 || strcmp(argv[1], "-c"))
 		die("What do you think I am? A shell?");
 
 	prog = argv[2];
-	argv += 2;
-	argc -= 2;
+	if (!strncmp(prog, "git", 3) && isspace(prog[3]))
+		/* Accept "git foo" as if the caller said "git-foo". */
+		prog[3] = '-';
+
 	for (cmd = cmd_list ; cmd->name ; cmd++) {
 		int len = strlen(cmd->name);
 		char *arg;
diff --git a/shortlog.h b/shortlog.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc02cc29ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shortlog.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef SHORTLOG_H
+#define SHORTLOG_H
+
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct shortlog {
+	struct string_list list;
+	int summary;
+	int wrap_lines;
+	int sort_by_number;
+	int wrap;
+	int in1;
+	int in2;
+	int user_format;
+
+	char *common_repo_prefix;
+	int email;
+	struct string_list mailmap;
+};
+
+void shortlog_init(struct shortlog *log);
+
+void shortlog_add_commit(struct shortlog *log, struct commit *commit);
+
+void shortlog_output(struct shortlog *log);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/show-index.c b/show-index.c
index a30a2de5d1..45bb535773 100644
--- a/show-index.c
+++ b/show-index.c
@@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "pack.h"
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned nr;
-	unsigned int entry[6];
+	unsigned int version;
 	static unsigned int top_index[256];
 
-	if (fread(top_index, sizeof(top_index), 1, stdin) != 1)
-		die("unable to read index");
+	if (fread(top_index, 2 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
+		die("unable to read header");
+	if (top_index[0] == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
+		version = ntohl(top_index[1]);
+		if (version < 2 || version > 2)
+			die("unknown index version");
+		if (fread(top_index, 256 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
+			die("unable to read index");
+	} else {
+		version = 1;
+		if (fread(&top_index[2], 254 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
+			die("unable to read index");
+	}
 	nr = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		unsigned n = ntohl(top_index[i]);
@@ -16,13 +28,52 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			die("corrupt index file");
 		nr = n;
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
-		unsigned offset;
+	if (version == 1) {
+		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+			unsigned int offset, entry[6];
 
-		if (fread(entry, 24, 1, stdin) != 1)
-			die("unable to read entry %u/%u", i, nr);
-		offset = ntohl(entry[0]);
-		printf("%u %s\n", offset, sha1_to_hex((void *)(entry+1)));
+			if (fread(entry, 4 + 20, 1, stdin) != 1)
+				die("unable to read entry %u/%u", i, nr);
+			offset = ntohl(entry[0]);
+			printf("%u %s\n", offset, sha1_to_hex((void *)(entry+1)));
+		}
+	} else {
+		unsigned off64_nr = 0;
+		struct {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			uint32_t crc;
+			uint32_t off;
+		} *entries = xmalloc(nr * sizeof(entries[0]));
+		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+			if (fread(entries[i].sha1, 20, 1, stdin) != 1)
+				die("unable to read sha1 %u/%u", i, nr);
+		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+			if (fread(&entries[i].crc, 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
+				die("unable to read crc %u/%u", i, nr);
+		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+			if (fread(&entries[i].off, 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
+				die("unable to read 32b offset %u/%u", i, nr);
+		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+			uint64_t offset;
+			uint32_t off = ntohl(entries[i].off);
+			if (!(off & 0x80000000)) {
+				offset = off;
+			} else {
+				uint32_t off64[2];
+				if ((off & 0x7fffffff) != off64_nr)
+					die("inconsistent 64b offset index");
+				if (fread(off64, 8, 1, stdin) != 1)
+					die("unable to read 64b offset %u", off64_nr);
+				offset = (((uint64_t)ntohl(off64[0])) << 32) |
+						     ntohl(off64[1]);
+				off64_nr++;
+			}
+			printf("%" PRIuMAX " %s (%08"PRIx32")\n",
+			       (uintmax_t) offset,
+			       sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1),
+			       ntohl(entries[i].crc));
+		}
+		free(entries);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sideband.c b/sideband.c
index 277fa3c10d..899b1ff366 100644
--- a/sideband.c
+++ b/sideband.c
@@ -11,40 +11,108 @@
  * stream, aka "verbose").  A message over band #3 is a signal that
  * the remote died unexpectedly.  A flush() concludes the stream.
  */
-int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
+
+#define PREFIX "remote:"
+
+#define ANSI_SUFFIX "\033[K"
+#define DUMB_SUFFIX "        "
+
+#define FIX_SIZE 10  /* large enough for any of the above */
+
+int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out)
 {
-	char buf[7 + LARGE_PACKET_MAX + 1];
-	strcpy(buf, "remote:");
+	unsigned pf = strlen(PREFIX);
+	unsigned sf;
+	char buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX + 2*FIX_SIZE];
+	char *suffix, *term;
+	int skip_pf = 0;
+
+	memcpy(buf, PREFIX, pf);
+	term = getenv("TERM");
+	if (term && strcmp(term, "dumb"))
+		suffix = ANSI_SUFFIX;
+	else
+		suffix = DUMB_SUFFIX;
+	sf = strlen(suffix);
+
 	while (1) {
 		int band, len;
-		len	= packet_read_line(in_stream, buf+7, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		len = packet_read_line(in_stream, buf + pf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		if (len == 0)
 			break;
 		if (len < 1) {
-			len = sprintf(buf, "%s: protocol error: no band designator\n", me);
-			safe_write(err, buf, len);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: no band designator\n", me);
 			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
 		}
-		band = buf[7] & 0xff;
+		band = buf[pf] & 0xff;
 		len--;
 		switch (band) {
 		case 3:
-			buf[7] = ' ';
-			buf[8+len] = '\n';
-			safe_write(err, buf, 8+len+1);
+			buf[pf] = ' ';
+			buf[pf+1+len] = '\0';
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
 			return SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR;
 		case 2:
-			buf[7] = ' ';
-			safe_write(err, buf, 8+len);
+			buf[pf] = ' ';
+			do {
+				char *b = buf;
+				int brk = 0;
+
+				/*
+				 * If the last buffer didn't end with a line
+				 * break then we should not print a prefix
+				 * this time around.
+				 */
+				if (skip_pf) {
+					b += pf+1;
+				} else {
+					len += pf+1;
+					brk += pf+1;
+				}
+
+				/* Look for a line break. */
+				for (;;) {
+					brk++;
+					if (brk > len) {
+						brk = 0;
+						break;
+					}
+					if (b[brk-1] == '\n' ||
+					    b[brk-1] == '\r')
+						break;
+				}
+
+				/*
+				 * Let's insert a suffix to clear the end
+				 * of the screen line if a line break was
+				 * found.  Also, if we don't skip the
+				 * prefix, then a non-empty string must be
+				 * present too.
+				 */
+				if (brk > (skip_pf ? 0 : (pf+1 + 1))) {
+					char save[FIX_SIZE];
+					memcpy(save, b + brk, sf);
+					b[brk + sf - 1] = b[brk - 1];
+					memcpy(b + brk - 1, suffix, sf);
+					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", brk + sf, b);
+					memcpy(b + brk, save, sf);
+					len -= brk;
+				} else {
+					int l = brk ? brk : len;
+					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", l, b);
+					len -= l;
+				}
+
+				skip_pf = !brk;
+				memmove(buf + pf+1, b + brk, len);
+			} while (len);
 			continue;
 		case 1:
-			safe_write(out, buf+8, len);
+			safe_write(out, buf + pf+1, len);
 			continue;
 		default:
-			len = sprintf(buf,
-				      "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
-				      me, band);
-			safe_write(err, buf, len);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
+				me, band);
 			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sideband.h b/sideband.h
index a84b6917c7..d72db35d1e 100644
--- a/sideband.h
+++ b/sideband.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #define DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX 1000
 #define LARGE_PACKET_MAX 65520
 
-int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err);
+int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out);
 ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sigchain.c b/sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1118b99e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS 32
+
+struct sigchain_signal {
+	sigchain_fun *old;
+	int n;
+	int alloc;
+};
+static struct sigchain_signal signals[SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS];
+
+static void check_signum(int sig)
+{
+	if (sig < 1 || sig >= SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS)
+		die("BUG: signal out of range: %d", sig);
+}
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(s->old, s->n + 1, s->alloc);
+	s->old[s->n] = signal(sig, f);
+	if (s->old[s->n] == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int sigchain_pop(int sig)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+	if (s->n < 1)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (signal(sig, s->old[s->n - 1]) == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n--;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	sigchain_push(SIGINT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGHUP, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGQUIT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, f);
+}
diff --git a/sigchain.h b/sigchain.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..618083bce0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef SIGCHAIN_H
+#define SIGCHAIN_H
+
+typedef void (*sigchain_fun)(int);
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f);
+int sigchain_pop(int sig);
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f);
+
+#endif /* SIGCHAIN_H */
diff --git a/ssh-fetch.c b/ssh-fetch.c
deleted file mode 100644
index bdf51a7a14..0000000000
--- a/ssh-fetch.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME
-#define COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME "GIT_SSH_UPLOAD"
-#endif
-#ifndef COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME
-#define COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-upload"
-#endif
-#ifndef MY_PROGRAM_NAME
-#define MY_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-fetch"
-#endif
-
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "rsh.h"
-#include "fetch.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-
-static int fd_in;
-static int fd_out;
-
-static unsigned char remote_version;
-static unsigned char local_version = 1;
-
-static int prefetches;
-
-static struct object_list *in_transit;
-static struct object_list **end_of_transit = &in_transit;
-
-void prefetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char type = 'o';
-	struct object_list *node;
-	if (prefetches > 100) {
-		fetch(in_transit->item->sha1);
-	}
-	node = xmalloc(sizeof(struct object_list));
-	node->next = NULL;
-	node->item = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
-	*end_of_transit = node;
-	end_of_transit = &node->next;
-	/* XXX: what if these writes fail? */
-	write_in_full(fd_out, &type, 1);
-	write_in_full(fd_out, sha1, 20);
-	prefetches++;
-}
-
-static char conn_buf[4096];
-static size_t conn_buf_posn;
-
-int fetch(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int ret;
-	signed char remote;
-	struct object_list *temp;
-
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, in_transit->item->sha1)) {
-		/* we must have already fetched it to clean the queue */
-		return has_sha1_file(sha1) ? 0 : -1;
-	}
-	prefetches--;
-	temp = in_transit;
-	in_transit = in_transit->next;
-	if (!in_transit)
-		end_of_transit = &in_transit;
-	free(temp);
-
-	if (conn_buf_posn) {
-		remote = conn_buf[0];
-		memmove(conn_buf, conn_buf + 1, --conn_buf_posn);
-	} else {
-		if (xread(fd_in, &remote, 1) < 1)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	/* fprintf(stderr, "Got %d\n", remote); */
-	if (remote < 0)
-		return remote;
-	ret = write_sha1_from_fd(sha1, fd_in, conn_buf, 4096, &conn_buf_posn);
-	if (!ret)
-		pull_say("got %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int get_version(void)
-{
-	char type = 'v';
-	if (write_in_full(fd_out, &type, 1) != 1 ||
-	    write_in_full(fd_out, &local_version, 1)) {
-		return error("Couldn't request version from remote end");
-	}
-	if (xread(fd_in, &remote_version, 1) < 1) {
-		return error("Couldn't read version from remote end");
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	signed char remote;
-	char type = 'r';
-	int length = strlen(ref) + 1;
-	if (write_in_full(fd_out, &type, 1) != 1 ||
-	    write_in_full(fd_out, ref, length) != length)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (read_in_full(fd_in, &remote, 1) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	if (remote < 0)
-		return remote;
-	if (read_in_full(fd_in, sha1, 20) != 20)
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char ssh_fetch_usage[] =
-  MY_PROGRAM_NAME
-  " [-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] commit-id url";
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	const char *write_ref = NULL;
-	char *commit_id;
-	char *url;
-	int arg = 1;
-	const char *prog;
-
-	prog = getenv("GIT_SSH_PUSH");
-	if (!prog) prog = "git-ssh-upload";
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
-
-	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
-		if (argv[arg][1] == 't') {
-			get_tree = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'c') {
-			get_history = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'a') {
-			get_all = 1;
-			get_tree = 1;
-			get_history = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'v') {
-			get_verbosely = 1;
-		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w') {
-			write_ref = argv[arg + 1];
-			arg++;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--recover")) {
-			get_recover = 1;
-		}
-		arg++;
-	}
-	if (argc < arg + 2) {
-		usage(ssh_fetch_usage);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	commit_id = argv[arg];
-	url = argv[arg + 1];
-
-	if (setup_connection(&fd_in, &fd_out, prog, url, arg, argv + 1))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (get_version())
-		return 1;
-
-	if (pull(1, &commit_id, &write_ref, url))
-		return 1;
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/ssh-pull.c b/ssh-pull.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 868ce4d41f..0000000000
--- a/ssh-pull.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#define COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME "GIT_SSH_PUSH"
-#define COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-push"
-#define MY_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-pull"
-#include "ssh-fetch.c"
diff --git a/ssh-push.c b/ssh-push.c
deleted file mode 100644
index a562df1b31..0000000000
--- a/ssh-push.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#define COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME "GIT_SSH_PULL"
-#define COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-pull"
-#define MY_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-push"
-#include "ssh-upload.c"
diff --git a/ssh-upload.c b/ssh-upload.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 2f04572787..0000000000
--- a/ssh-upload.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME
-#define COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME "GIT_SSH_FETCH"
-#endif
-#ifndef COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME
-#define COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-fetch"
-#endif
-#ifndef MY_PROGRAM_NAME
-#define MY_PROGRAM_NAME "git-ssh-upload"
-#endif
-
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "rsh.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-
-static unsigned char local_version = 1;
-static unsigned char remote_version;
-
-static int verbose;
-
-static int serve_object(int fd_in, int fd_out) {
-	ssize_t size;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	signed char remote;
-
-	size = read_in_full(fd_in, sha1, 20);
-	if (size < 0) {
-		perror("git-ssh-upload: read ");
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (!size)
-		return -1;
-	
-	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Serving %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	remote = 0;
-	
-	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "git-ssh-upload: could not find %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		remote = -1;
-	}
-	
-	if (write_in_full(fd_out, &remote, 1) != 1)
-		return 0;
-	
-	if (remote < 0)
-		return 0;
-	
-	return write_sha1_to_fd(fd_out, sha1);
-}
-
-static int serve_version(int fd_in, int fd_out)
-{
-	if (xread(fd_in, &remote_version, 1) < 1)
-		return -1;
-	write_in_full(fd_out, &local_version, 1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int serve_ref(int fd_in, int fd_out)
-{
-	char ref[PATH_MAX];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int posn = 0;
-	signed char remote = 0;
-	do {
-		if (posn >= PATH_MAX || xread(fd_in, ref + posn, 1) < 1)
-			return -1;
-		posn++;
-	} while (ref[posn - 1]);
-
-	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Serving %s\n", ref);
-
-	if (get_ref_sha1(ref, sha1))
-		remote = -1;
-	if (write_in_full(fd_out, &remote, 1) != 1)
-		return 0;
-	if (remote)
-		return 0;
-	write_in_full(fd_out, sha1, 20);
-        return 0;
-}
-
-
-static void service(int fd_in, int fd_out) {
-	char type;
-	int retval;
-	do {
-		retval = xread(fd_in, &type, 1);
-		if (retval < 1) {
-			if (retval < 0)
-				perror("git-ssh-upload: read ");
-			return;
-		}
-		if (type == 'v' && serve_version(fd_in, fd_out))
-			return;
-		if (type == 'o' && serve_object(fd_in, fd_out))
-			return;
-		if (type == 'r' && serve_ref(fd_in, fd_out))
-			return;
-	} while (1);
-}
-
-static const char ssh_push_usage[] =
-	MY_PROGRAM_NAME " [-c] [-t] [-a] [-w ref] commit-id url";
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	int arg = 1;
-        char *commit_id;
-        char *url;
-	int fd_in, fd_out;
-	const char *prog;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char hex[41];
-
-	prog = getenv(COUNTERPART_ENV_NAME);
-	if (!prog) prog = COUNTERPART_PROGRAM_NAME;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-
-	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
-		if (argv[arg][1] == 'w')
-			arg++;
-                arg++;
-        }
-	if (argc < arg + 2)
-		usage(ssh_push_usage);
-	commit_id = argv[arg];
-	url = argv[arg + 1];
-	if (get_sha1(commit_id, sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", commit_id);
-	memcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), sizeof(hex));
-	argv[arg] = hex;
-
-	if (setup_connection(&fd_in, &fd_out, prog, url, arg, argv + 1))
-		return 1;
-
-	service(fd_in, fd_out);
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 7f14b0fb59..f03d11702b 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -1,42 +1,376 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
-void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *sb) {
-	sb->buf = NULL;
-	sb->eof = sb->alloc = sb->len = 0;
+int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix)
+{
+	for (; ; str++, prefix++)
+		if (!*prefix)
+			return 0;
+		else if (*str != *prefix)
+			return (unsigned char)*prefix - (unsigned char)*str;
 }
 
-static void strbuf_begin(struct strbuf *sb) {
-	free(sb->buf);
-	strbuf_init(sb);
+/*
+ * Used as the default ->buf value, so that people can always assume
+ * buf is non NULL and ->buf is NUL terminated even for a freshly
+ * initialized strbuf.
+ */
+char strbuf_slopbuf[1];
+
+void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *sb, size_t hint)
+{
+	sb->alloc = sb->len = 0;
+	sb->buf = strbuf_slopbuf;
+	if (hint)
+		strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
 }
 
-static void inline strbuf_add(struct strbuf *sb, int ch) {
-	if (sb->alloc <= sb->len) {
-		sb->alloc = sb->alloc * 3 / 2 + 16;
-		sb->buf = xrealloc(sb->buf, sb->alloc);
+void strbuf_release(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	if (sb->alloc) {
+		free(sb->buf);
+		strbuf_init(sb, 0);
 	}
-	sb->buf[sb->len++] = ch;
 }
 
-static void strbuf_end(struct strbuf *sb) {
-	strbuf_add(sb, 0);
+char *strbuf_detach(struct strbuf *sb, size_t *sz)
+{
+	char *res = sb->alloc ? sb->buf : NULL;
+	if (sz)
+		*sz = sb->len;
+	strbuf_init(sb, 0);
+	return res;
 }
 
-void read_line(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term) {
-	int ch;
-	strbuf_begin(sb);
-	if (feof(fp)) {
-		sb->eof = 1;
-		return;
+void strbuf_attach(struct strbuf *sb, void *buf, size_t len, size_t alloc)
+{
+	strbuf_release(sb);
+	sb->buf   = buf;
+	sb->len   = len;
+	sb->alloc = alloc;
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 0);
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
+void strbuf_grow(struct strbuf *sb, size_t extra)
+{
+	if (sb->len + extra + 1 <= sb->len)
+		die("you want to use way too much memory");
+	if (!sb->alloc)
+		sb->buf = NULL;
+	ALLOC_GROW(sb->buf, sb->len + extra + 1, sb->alloc);
+}
+
+void strbuf_trim(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	char *b = sb->buf;
+	while (sb->len > 0 && isspace((unsigned char)sb->buf[sb->len - 1]))
+		sb->len--;
+	while (sb->len > 0 && isspace(*b)) {
+		b++;
+		sb->len--;
+	}
+	memmove(sb->buf, b, sb->len);
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	while (sb->len > 0 && isspace((unsigned char)sb->buf[sb->len - 1]))
+		sb->len--;
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
+void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	char *b = sb->buf;
+	while (sb->len > 0 && isspace(*b)) {
+		b++;
+		sb->len--;
+	}
+	memmove(sb->buf, b, sb->len);
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
+void strbuf_tolower(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < sb->len; i++)
+		sb->buf[i] = tolower(sb->buf[i]);
+}
+
+struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb, int delim)
+{
+	int alloc = 2, pos = 0;
+	char *n, *p;
+	struct strbuf **ret;
+	struct strbuf *t;
+
+	ret = xcalloc(alloc, sizeof(struct strbuf *));
+	p = n = sb->buf;
+	while (n < sb->buf + sb->len) {
+		int len;
+		n = memchr(n, delim, sb->len - (n - sb->buf));
+		if (pos + 1 >= alloc) {
+			alloc = alloc * 2;
+			ret = xrealloc(ret, sizeof(struct strbuf *) * alloc);
+		}
+		if (!n)
+			n = sb->buf + sb->len - 1;
+		len = n - p + 1;
+		t = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+		strbuf_init(t, len);
+		strbuf_add(t, p, len);
+		ret[pos] = t;
+		ret[++pos] = NULL;
+		p = ++n;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **sbs)
+{
+	struct strbuf **s = sbs;
+
+	while (*s) {
+		strbuf_release(*s);
+		free(*s++);
+	}
+	free(sbs);
+}
+
+int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *a, const struct strbuf *b)
+{
+	int len = a->len < b->len ? a->len: b->len;
+	int cmp = memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, len);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	return a->len < b->len ? -1: a->len != b->len;
+}
+
+void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len,
+				   const void *data, size_t dlen)
+{
+	if (pos + len < pos)
+		die("you want to use way too much memory");
+	if (pos > sb->len)
+		die("`pos' is too far after the end of the buffer");
+	if (pos + len > sb->len)
+		die("`pos + len' is too far after the end of the buffer");
+
+	if (dlen >= len)
+		strbuf_grow(sb, dlen - len);
+	memmove(sb->buf + pos + dlen,
+			sb->buf + pos + len,
+			sb->len - pos - len);
+	memcpy(sb->buf + pos, data, dlen);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + dlen - len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_insert(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	strbuf_splice(sb, pos, 0, data, len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_remove(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len)
+{
+	strbuf_splice(sb, pos, len, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *sb, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
+	memcpy(sb->buf + sb->len, data, len);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_adddup(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len)
+{
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
+	memcpy(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->buf + pos, len);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int len;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	if (!strbuf_avail(sb))
+		strbuf_grow(sb, 64);
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if (len < 0)
+		die("your vsnprintf is broken");
+	if (len > strbuf_avail(sb)) {
+		strbuf_grow(sb, len);
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+		if (len > strbuf_avail(sb)) {
+			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_expand(struct strbuf *sb, const char *format, expand_fn_t fn,
+		   void *context)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *percent;
+		size_t consumed;
+
+		percent = strchrnul(format, '%');
+		strbuf_add(sb, format, percent - format);
+		if (!*percent)
+			break;
+		format = percent + 1;
+
+		consumed = fn(sb, format, context);
+		if (consumed)
+			format += consumed;
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '%');
+	}
+}
+
+size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+		void *context)
+{
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry *e = context;
+	size_t len;
+
+	for (; e->placeholder && (len = strlen(e->placeholder)); e++) {
+		if (!strncmp(placeholder, e->placeholder, len)) {
+			if (e->value)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, e->value);
+			return len;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *sb, size_t size, FILE *f)
+{
+	size_t res;
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, size);
+	res = fread(sb->buf + sb->len, 1, size, f);
+	if (res > 0)
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + res);
+	else if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
+	return res;
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
+{
+	size_t oldlen = sb->len;
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, hint ? hint : 8192);
+	for (;;) {
+		ssize_t cnt;
+
+		cnt = xread(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len - 1);
+		if (cnt < 0) {
+			if (oldalloc == 0)
+				strbuf_release(sb);
+			else
+				strbuf_setlen(sb, oldlen);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (!cnt)
+			break;
+		sb->len += cnt;
+		strbuf_grow(sb, 8192);
 	}
+
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+	return sb->len - oldlen;
+}
+
+#define STRBUF_MAXLINK (2*PATH_MAX)
+
+int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
+{
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
+
+	if (hint < 32)
+		hint = 32;
+
+	while (hint < STRBUF_MAXLINK) {
+		int len;
+
+		strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
+		len = readlink(path, sb->buf, hint);
+		if (len < 0) {
+			if (errno != ERANGE)
+				break;
+		} else if (len < hint) {
+			strbuf_setlen(sb, len);
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		/* .. the buffer was too small - try again */
+		hint *= 2;
+	}
+	if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
+{
+	int ch;
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 0);
+	if (feof(fp))
+		return EOF;
+
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
 	while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
 		if (ch == term)
 			break;
-		strbuf_add(sb, ch);
+		strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+		sb->buf[sb->len++] = ch;
 	}
 	if (ch == EOF && sb->len == 0)
-		sb->eof = 1;
-	strbuf_end(sb);
+		return EOF;
+
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+	return 0;
 }
 
+int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
+{
+	int fd, len;
+
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+	len = strbuf_read(sb, fd, hint);
+	close(fd);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	int len = strlen(name);
+	if (interpret_branch_name(name, sb) == len)
+		return 0;
+	strbuf_add(sb, name, len);
+	return len;
+}
+
+int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_branchname(sb, name);
+	strbuf_splice(sb, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
+	return check_ref_format(sb->buf);
+}
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index 74cc012c2c..eaa8704d5f 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -1,13 +1,137 @@
 #ifndef STRBUF_H
 #define STRBUF_H
+
+/*
+ * Strbuf's can be use in many ways: as a byte array, or to store arbitrary
+ * long, overflow safe strings.
+ *
+ * Strbufs has some invariants that are very important to keep in mind:
+ *
+ * 1. the ->buf member is always malloc-ed, hence strbuf's can be used to
+ *    build complex strings/buffers whose final size isn't easily known.
+ *
+ *    It is NOT legal to copy the ->buf pointer away.
+ *    `strbuf_detach' is the operation that detaches a buffer from its shell
+ *    while keeping the shell valid wrt its invariants.
+ *
+ * 2. the ->buf member is a byte array that has at least ->len + 1 bytes
+ *    allocated. The extra byte is used to store a '\0', allowing the ->buf
+ *    member to be a valid C-string. Every strbuf function ensure this
+ *    invariant is preserved.
+ *
+ *    Note that it is OK to "play" with the buffer directly if you work it
+ *    that way:
+ *
+ *    strbuf_grow(sb, SOME_SIZE);
+ *       ... Here, the memory array starting at sb->buf, and of length
+ *       ... strbuf_avail(sb) is all yours, and you are sure that
+ *       ... strbuf_avail(sb) is at least SOME_SIZE.
+ *    strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + SOME_OTHER_SIZE);
+ *
+ *    Of course, SOME_OTHER_SIZE must be smaller or equal to strbuf_avail(sb).
+ *
+ *    Doing so is safe, though if it has to be done in many places, adding the
+ *    missing API to the strbuf module is the way to go.
+ *
+ *    XXX: do _not_ assume that the area that is yours is of size ->alloc - 1
+ *         even if it's true in the current implementation. Alloc is somehow a
+ *         "private" member that should not be messed with.
+ */
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+extern char strbuf_slopbuf[];
 struct strbuf {
-	int alloc;
-	int len;
-	int eof;
+	size_t alloc;
+	size_t len;
 	char *buf;
 };
 
-extern void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *);
-extern void read_line(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
+#define STRBUF_INIT  { 0, 0, strbuf_slopbuf }
+
+/*----- strbuf life cycle -----*/
+extern void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *, size_t);
+extern void strbuf_release(struct strbuf *);
+extern char *strbuf_detach(struct strbuf *, size_t *);
+extern void strbuf_attach(struct strbuf *, void *, size_t, size_t);
+static inline void strbuf_swap(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b) {
+	struct strbuf tmp = *a;
+	*a = *b;
+	*b = tmp;
+}
+
+/*----- strbuf size related -----*/
+static inline size_t strbuf_avail(const struct strbuf *sb) {
+	return sb->alloc ? sb->alloc - sb->len - 1 : 0;
+}
+
+extern void strbuf_grow(struct strbuf *, size_t);
+
+static inline void strbuf_setlen(struct strbuf *sb, size_t len) {
+	if (!sb->alloc)
+		strbuf_grow(sb, 0);
+	assert(len < sb->alloc);
+	sb->len = len;
+	sb->buf[len] = '\0';
+}
+#define strbuf_reset(sb)  strbuf_setlen(sb, 0)
+
+/*----- content related -----*/
+extern void strbuf_trim(struct strbuf *);
+extern void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *);
+extern void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *);
+extern int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *, const struct strbuf *);
+extern void strbuf_tolower(struct strbuf *);
+
+extern struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *, int delim);
+extern void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **);
+
+/*----- add data in your buffer -----*/
+static inline void strbuf_addch(struct strbuf *sb, int c) {
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+	sb->buf[sb->len++] = c;
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
+extern void strbuf_insert(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, const void *, size_t);
+extern void strbuf_remove(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, size_t len);
+
+/* splice pos..pos+len with given data */
+extern void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, size_t len,
+                          const void *, size_t);
+
+extern void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *, const void *, size_t);
+static inline void strbuf_addstr(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s) {
+	strbuf_add(sb, s, strlen(s));
+}
+static inline void strbuf_addbuf(struct strbuf *sb, const struct strbuf *sb2) {
+	strbuf_add(sb, sb2->buf, sb2->len);
+}
+extern void strbuf_adddup(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len);
+
+typedef size_t (*expand_fn_t) (struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder, void *context);
+extern void strbuf_expand(struct strbuf *sb, const char *format, expand_fn_t fn, void *context);
+struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry {
+	const char *placeholder;
+	const char *value;
+};
+extern size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder, void *context);
+
+__attribute__((format(printf,2,3)))
+extern void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
+/* XXX: if read fails, any partial read is undone */
+extern ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *, int fd, size_t hint);
+extern int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
+extern int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
+
+extern int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
+
+extern void stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments);
+extern int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env);
+
+extern int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
+extern int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
 
 #endif /* STRBUF_H */
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ac536e638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+/* if there is no exact match, point to the index where the entry could be
+ * inserted */
+static int get_entry_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+		int *exact_match)
+{
+	int left = -1, right = list->nr;
+
+	while (left + 1 < right) {
+		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
+		int compare = strcmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
+		if (compare < 0)
+			right = middle;
+		else if (compare > 0)
+			left = middle;
+		else {
+			*exact_match = 1;
+			return middle;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*exact_match = 0;
+	return right;
+}
+
+/* returns -1-index if already exists */
+static int add_entry(int insert_at, struct string_list *list, const char *string)
+{
+	int exact_match = 0;
+	int index = insert_at != -1 ? insert_at : get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+
+	if (exact_match)
+		return -1 - index;
+
+	if (list->nr + 1 >= list->alloc) {
+		list->alloc += 32;
+		list->items = xrealloc(list->items, list->alloc
+				* sizeof(struct string_list_item));
+	}
+	if (index < list->nr)
+		memmove(list->items + index + 1, list->items + index,
+				(list->nr - index)
+				* sizeof(struct string_list_item));
+	list->items[index].string = list->strdup_strings ?
+		xstrdup(string) : (char *)string;
+	list->items[index].util = NULL;
+	list->nr++;
+
+	return index;
+}
+
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(const char *string, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	return string_list_insert_at_index(-1, string, list);
+}
+
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert_at_index(int insert_at,
+						     const char *string, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int index = add_entry(insert_at, list, string);
+
+	if (index < 0)
+		index = -1 - index;
+
+	return list->items + index;
+}
+
+int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string)
+{
+	int exact_match;
+	get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+	return exact_match;
+}
+
+int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+				  int negative_existing_index)
+{
+	int exact_match;
+	int index = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+	if (exact_match)
+		index = -1 - (negative_existing_index ? index : 0);
+	return index;
+}
+
+struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(const char *string, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int exact_match, i = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+	if (!exact_match)
+		return NULL;
+	return list->items + i;
+}
+
+int for_each_string_list(string_list_each_func_t fn,
+			 struct string_list *list, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		if ((ret = fn(&list->items[i], cb_data)))
+			break;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
+{
+	if (list->items) {
+		int i;
+		if (list->strdup_strings) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				free(list->items[i].string);
+		}
+		if (free_util) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				free(list->items[i].util);
+		}
+		free(list->items);
+	}
+	list->items = NULL;
+	list->nr = list->alloc = 0;
+}
+
+void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc)
+{
+	if (list->items) {
+		int i;
+		if (clearfunc) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				clearfunc(list->items[i].util, list->items[i].string);
+		}
+		if (list->strdup_strings) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				free(list->items[i].string);
+		}
+		free(list->items);
+	}
+	list->items = NULL;
+	list->nr = list->alloc = 0;
+}
+
+
+void print_string_list(const char *text, const struct string_list *p)
+{
+	int i;
+	if ( text )
+		printf("%s\n", text);
+	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++)
+		printf("%s:%p\n", p->items[i].string, p->items[i].util);
+}
+
+struct string_list_item *string_list_append(const char *string, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(list->items, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
+	list->items[list->nr].string =
+		list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string;
+	return list->items + list->nr++;
+}
+
+static int cmp_items(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *one = a;
+	const struct string_list_item *two = b;
+	return strcmp(one->string, two->string);
+}
+
+void sort_string_list(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	qsort(list->items, list->nr, sizeof(*list->items), cmp_items);
+}
+
+int unsorted_string_list_has_string(struct string_list *list, const char *string)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		if (!strcmp(string, list->items[i].string))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14bbc477de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef PATH_LIST_H
+#define PATH_LIST_H
+
+struct string_list_item {
+	char *string;
+	void *util;
+};
+struct string_list
+{
+	struct string_list_item *items;
+	unsigned int nr, alloc;
+	unsigned int strdup_strings:1;
+};
+
+void print_string_list(const char *text, const struct string_list *p);
+void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
+
+/* Use this function to call a custom clear function on each util pointer */
+/* The string associated with the util pointer is passed as the second argument */
+typedef void (*string_list_clear_func_t)(void *p, const char *str);
+void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc);
+
+/* Use this function to iterate over each item */
+typedef int (*string_list_each_func_t)(struct string_list_item *, void *);
+int for_each_string_list(string_list_each_func_t,
+			 struct string_list *list, void *cb_data);
+
+/* Use these functions only on sorted lists: */
+int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string);
+int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+				  int negative_existing_index);
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(const char *string, struct string_list *list);
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert_at_index(int insert_at,
+						     const char *string, struct string_list *list);
+struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(const char *string, struct string_list *list);
+
+/* Use these functions only on unsorted lists: */
+struct string_list_item *string_list_append(const char *string, struct string_list *list);
+void sort_string_list(struct string_list *list);
+int unsorted_string_list_has_string(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
+
+#endif /* PATH_LIST_H */
diff --git a/symlinks.c b/symlinks.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4bdded39c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/symlinks.c
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+/*
+ * Returns the length (on a path component basis) of the longest
+ * common prefix match of 'name_a' and 'name_b'.
+ */
+static int longest_path_match(const char *name_a, int len_a,
+			      const char *name_b, int len_b,
+			      int *previous_slash)
+{
+	int max_len, match_len = 0, match_len_prev = 0, i = 0;
+
+	max_len = len_a < len_b ? len_a : len_b;
+	while (i < max_len && name_a[i] == name_b[i]) {
+		if (name_a[i] == '/') {
+			match_len_prev = match_len;
+			match_len = i;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Is 'name_b' a substring of 'name_a', the other way around,
+	 * or is 'name_a' and 'name_b' the exact same string?
+	 */
+	if (i >= max_len && ((len_a > len_b && name_a[len_b] == '/') ||
+			     (len_a < len_b && name_b[len_a] == '/') ||
+			     (len_a == len_b))) {
+		match_len_prev = match_len;
+		match_len = i;
+	}
+	*previous_slash = match_len_prev;
+	return match_len;
+}
+
+static struct cache_def default_cache;
+
+static inline void reset_lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache)
+{
+	cache->path[0] = '\0';
+	cache->len = 0;
+	cache->flags = 0;
+	/*
+	 * The track_flags and prefix_len_stat_func members is only
+	 * set by the safeguard rule inside lstat_cache()
+	 */
+}
+
+#define FL_DIR      (1 << 0)
+#define FL_NOENT    (1 << 1)
+#define FL_SYMLINK  (1 << 2)
+#define FL_LSTATERR (1 << 3)
+#define FL_ERR      (1 << 4)
+#define FL_FULLPATH (1 << 5)
+
+/*
+ * Check if name 'name' of length 'len' has a symlink leading
+ * component, or if the directory exists and is real, or not.
+ *
+ * To speed up the check, some information is allowed to be cached.
+ * This can be indicated by the 'track_flags' argument, which also can
+ * be used to indicate that we should check the full path.
+ *
+ * The 'prefix_len_stat_func' parameter can be used to set the length
+ * of the prefix, where the cache should use the stat() function
+ * instead of the lstat() function to test each path component.
+ */
+static int lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len,
+		       int track_flags, int prefix_len_stat_func)
+{
+	int match_len, last_slash, last_slash_dir, previous_slash;
+	int match_flags, ret_flags, save_flags, max_len, ret;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (cache->track_flags != track_flags ||
+	    cache->prefix_len_stat_func != prefix_len_stat_func) {
+		/*
+		 * As a safeguard rule we clear the cache if the
+		 * values of track_flags and/or prefix_len_stat_func
+		 * does not match with the last supplied values.
+		 */
+		reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+		cache->track_flags = track_flags;
+		cache->prefix_len_stat_func = prefix_len_stat_func;
+		match_len = last_slash = 0;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Check to see if we have a match from the cache for
+		 * the 2 "excluding" path types.
+		 */
+		match_len = last_slash =
+			longest_path_match(name, len, cache->path, cache->len,
+					   &previous_slash);
+		match_flags = cache->flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+		if (match_flags && match_len == cache->len)
+			return match_flags;
+		/*
+		 * If we now have match_len > 0, we would know that
+		 * the matched part will always be a directory.
+		 *
+		 * Also, if we are tracking directories and 'name' is
+		 * a substring of the cache on a path component basis,
+		 * we can return immediately.
+		 */
+		match_flags = track_flags & FL_DIR;
+		if (match_flags && len == match_len)
+			return match_flags;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Okay, no match from the cache so far, so now we have to
+	 * check the rest of the path components.
+	 */
+	ret_flags = FL_DIR;
+	last_slash_dir = last_slash;
+	max_len = len < PATH_MAX ? len : PATH_MAX;
+	while (match_len < max_len) {
+		do {
+			cache->path[match_len] = name[match_len];
+			match_len++;
+		} while (match_len < max_len && name[match_len] != '/');
+		if (match_len >= max_len && !(track_flags & FL_FULLPATH))
+			break;
+		last_slash = match_len;
+		cache->path[last_slash] = '\0';
+
+		if (last_slash <= prefix_len_stat_func)
+			ret = stat(cache->path, &st);
+		else
+			ret = lstat(cache->path, &st);
+
+		if (ret) {
+			ret_flags = FL_LSTATERR;
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				ret_flags |= FL_NOENT;
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			last_slash_dir = last_slash;
+			continue;
+		} else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+			ret_flags = FL_SYMLINK;
+		} else {
+			ret_flags = FL_ERR;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * At the end update the cache.  Note that max 3 different
+	 * path types, FL_NOENT, FL_SYMLINK and FL_DIR, can be cached
+	 * for the moment!
+	 */
+	save_flags = ret_flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+	if (save_flags && last_slash > 0 && last_slash <= PATH_MAX) {
+		cache->path[last_slash] = '\0';
+		cache->len = last_slash;
+		cache->flags = save_flags;
+	} else if ((track_flags & FL_DIR) &&
+		   last_slash_dir > 0 && last_slash_dir <= PATH_MAX) {
+		/*
+		 * We have a separate test for the directory case,
+		 * since it could be that we have found a symlink or a
+		 * non-existing directory and the track_flags says
+		 * that we cannot cache this fact, so the cache would
+		 * then have been left empty in this case.
+		 *
+		 * But if we are allowed to track real directories, we
+		 * can still cache the path components before the last
+		 * one (the found symlink or non-existing component).
+		 */
+		cache->path[last_slash_dir] = '\0';
+		cache->len = last_slash_dir;
+		cache->flags = FL_DIR;
+	} else {
+		reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+	}
+	return ret_flags;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Invalidate the given 'name' from the cache, if 'name' matches
+ * completely with the cache.
+ */
+void invalidate_lstat_cache(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	int match_len, previous_slash;
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+
+	match_len = longest_path_match(name, len, cache->path, cache->len,
+				       &previous_slash);
+	if (len == match_len) {
+		if ((cache->track_flags & FL_DIR) && previous_slash > 0) {
+			cache->path[previous_slash] = '\0';
+			cache->len = previous_slash;
+			cache->flags = FL_DIR;
+		} else {
+			reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Completely clear the contents of the cache
+ */
+void clear_lstat_cache(void)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+}
+
+#define USE_ONLY_LSTAT  0
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component
+ */
+int threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len)
+{
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len, FL_SYMLINK|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT) & FL_SYMLINK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component
+ */
+int has_symlink_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	return threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&default_cache, name, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component or
+ * if some leading path component does not exists.
+ */
+int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
+			   FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT) &
+		(FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if all path components of 'name' exists as a
+ * directory.  If prefix_len > 0, we will test with the stat()
+ * function instead of the lstat() function for a prefix length of
+ * 'prefix_len', thus we then allow for symlinks in the prefix part as
+ * long as those points to real existing directories.
+ */
+int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
+			   FL_DIR|FL_FULLPATH, prefix_len) &
+		FL_DIR;
+}
+
+static struct removal_def {
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	int len;
+} removal;
+
+static void do_remove_scheduled_dirs(int new_len)
+{
+	while (removal.len > new_len) {
+		removal.path[removal.len] = '\0';
+		if (rmdir(removal.path))
+			break;
+		do {
+			removal.len--;
+		} while (removal.len > new_len &&
+			 removal.path[removal.len] != '/');
+	}
+	removal.len = new_len;
+}
+
+void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	int match_len, last_slash, i, previous_slash;
+
+	match_len = last_slash = i =
+		longest_path_match(name, len, removal.path, removal.len,
+				   &previous_slash);
+	/* Find last slash inside 'name' */
+	while (i < len) {
+		if (name[i] == '/')
+			last_slash = i;
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are about to go down the directory tree, we check if
+	 * we must first go upwards the tree, such that we then can
+	 * remove possible empty directories as we go upwards.
+	 */
+	if (match_len < last_slash && match_len < removal.len)
+		do_remove_scheduled_dirs(match_len);
+	/*
+	 * If we go deeper down the directory tree, we only need to
+	 * save the new path components as we go down.
+	 */
+	if (match_len < last_slash) {
+		memcpy(&removal.path[match_len], &name[match_len],
+		       last_slash - match_len);
+		removal.len = last_slash;
+	}
+}
+
+void remove_scheduled_dirs(void)
+{
+	do_remove_scheduled_dirs(0);
+}
diff --git a/t/.gitattributes b/t/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b97c5465b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]/* -whitespace
diff --git a/t/.gitignore b/t/.gitignore
index fad67c097b..7dcbb232cd 100644
--- a/t/.gitignore
+++ b/t/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-trash
+/trash directory*
+/test-results
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index 19e38508a7..bf816fc850 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #GIT_TEST_OPTS=--verbose --debug
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
+RM ?= rm -f
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
@@ -13,19 +14,31 @@ SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
 T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
 TSVN = $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
 
-all: $(T) clean
+all: pre-clean
+	$(MAKE) aggregate-results-and-cleanup
 
 $(T):
 	@echo "*** $@ ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 
+pre-clean:
+	$(RM) -r test-results
+
 clean:
-	rm -fr trash
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* test-results
+
+aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
+	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
+	$(MAKE) clean
+
+aggregate-results:
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./aggregate-results.sh test-results/t*-*
 
 # we can test NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS independently of LC_ALL
 full-svn-test:
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=1 LC_ALL=C
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=0 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
 
-.PHONY: $(T) clean
-.NOTPARALLEL:
+valgrind:
+	GIT_TEST_OPTS=--valgrind $(MAKE)
 
+.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index 36f2517617..d8f6c7de6d 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ this:
     * passed all 3 test(s)
 
 You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate
-(or -i) command line argument to the test.
+(or -i) command line argument to the test, or by setting GIT_TEST_OPTS
+appropriately before running "make".
 
 --verbose::
 	This makes the test more verbose.  Specifically, the
@@ -54,6 +55,53 @@ You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate
 	This causes the test to immediately exit upon the first
 	failed test.
 
+--long-tests::
+	This causes additional long-running tests to be run (where
+	available), for more exhaustive testing.
+
+--valgrind::
+	Execute all Git binaries with valgrind and exit with status
+	126 on errors (just like regular tests, this will only stop
+	the test script when running under -i).  Valgrind errors
+	go to stderr, so you might want to pass the -v option, too.
+
+	Since it makes no sense to run the tests with --valgrind and
+	not see any output, this option implies --verbose.  For
+	convenience, it also implies --tee.
+
+--tee::
+	In addition to printing the test output to the terminal,
+	write it to files named 't/test-results/$TEST_NAME.out'.
+	As the names depend on the tests' file names, it is safe to
+	run the tests with this option in parallel.
+
+Skipping Tests
+--------------
+
+In some environments, certain tests have no way of succeeding
+due to platform limitation, such as lack of 'unzip' program, or
+filesystem that do not allow arbitrary sequence of non-NUL bytes
+as pathnames.
+
+You should be able to say something like
+
+    $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t9200.8 sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh
+
+and even:
+
+    $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS='t[0-4]??? t91?? t9200.8' make
+
+to omit such tests.  The value of the environment variable is a
+SP separated list of patterns that tells which tests to skip,
+and either can match the "t[0-9]{4}" part to skip the whole
+test, or t[0-9]{4} followed by ".$number" to say which
+particular test to skip.
+
+Note that some tests in the existing test suite rely on previous
+test item, so you cannot arbitrarily disable one and expect the
+remainder of test to check what the test originally was intended
+to check.
+
 
 Naming Tests
 ------------
@@ -123,7 +171,7 @@ This test harness library does the following things:
    (or -h), it shows the test_description and exits.
 
  - Creates an empty test directory with an empty .git/objects
-   database and chdir(2) into it.  This directory is 't/trash'
+   database and chdir(2) into it.  This directory is 't/trash directory'
    if you must know, but I do not think you care.
 
  - Defines standard test helper functions for your scripts to
@@ -160,14 +208,12 @@ library for your script to use.
 
  - test_expect_failure <message> <script>
 
-   This is the opposite of test_expect_success.  If <script>
-   yields success, test is considered a failure.
-
-   Example:
-
-	test_expect_failure \
-	    'git-update-index without --add should fail adding.' \
-	    'git-update-index should-be-empty'
+   This is NOT the opposite of test_expect_success, but is used
+   to mark a test that demonstrates a known breakage.  Unlike
+   the usual test_expect_success tests, which say "ok" on
+   success and "FAIL" on failure, this will say "FIXED" on
+   success and "still broken" on failure.  Failures from these
+   tests won't cause -i (immediate) to stop.
 
  - test_debug <script>
 
@@ -182,6 +228,24 @@ library for your script to use.
    is to summarize successes and failures in the test script and
    exit with an appropriate error code.
 
+ - test_tick
+
+   Make commit and tag names consistent by setting the author and
+   committer times to defined stated.  Subsequent calls will
+   advance the times by a fixed amount.
+
+ - test_commit <message> [<filename> [<contents>]]
+
+   Creates a commit with the given message, committing the given
+   file with the given contents (default for both is to reuse the
+   message string), and adds a tag (again reusing the message
+   string as name).  Calls test_tick to make the SHA-1s
+   reproducible.
+
+ - test_merge <message> <commit-or-tag>
+
+   Merges the given rev using the given message.  Like test_commit,
+   creates a tag and calls test_tick before committing.
 
 Tips for Writing Tests
 ----------------------
diff --git a/t/aggregate-results.sh b/t/aggregate-results.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d5bab75d7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/aggregate-results.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+fixed=0
+success=0
+failed=0
+broken=0
+total=0
+
+for file
+do
+	while read type value
+	do
+		case $type in
+		'')
+			continue ;;
+		fixed)
+			fixed=$(($fixed + $value)) ;;
+		success)
+			success=$(($success + $value)) ;;
+		failed)
+			failed=$(($failed + $value)) ;;
+		broken)
+			broken=$(($broken + $value)) ;;
+		total)
+			total=$(($total + $value)) ;;
+		esac
+	done <"$file"
+done
+
+printf "%-8s%d\n" fixed $fixed
+printf "%-8s%d\n" success $success
+printf "%-8s%d\n" failed $failed
+printf "%-8s%d\n" broken $broken
+printf "%-8s%d\n" total $total
diff --git a/t/annotate-tests.sh b/t/annotate-tests.sh
index cacb273aff..396b9653a3 100644
--- a/t/annotate-tests.sh
+++ b/t/annotate-tests.sh
@@ -114,7 +114,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'some edit' \
     'mv file file.orig &&
-    sed -e "s/^3A/99/" -e "/^1A/d" -e "/^incomplete/d" < file.orig > file &&
+    {
+	cat file.orig &&
+	echo
+    } | sed -e "s/^3A/99/" -e "/^1A/d" -e "/^incomplete/d" > file &&
     echo "incomplete" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="D" git commit -a -m "edit"'
 
diff --git a/t/diff-lib.sh b/t/diff-lib.sh
index 4624fe654c..4bddeb591e 100644
--- a/t/diff-lib.sh
+++ b/t/diff-lib.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ compare_diff_raw () {
 
     sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw" <"$1" >.tmp-1
     sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw" <"$2" >.tmp-2
-    git diff .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
+    test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
 }
 
 sanitize_diff_raw_z='/^:/s/ '"$_x40"' '"$_x40"' \([A-Z]\)[0-9]*$/ X X \1#/'
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ compare_diff_raw_z () {
     # Also we do not check SHA1 hash generation in this test, which
     # is a job for t0000-basic.sh
 
-    tr '\0' '\012' <"$1" | sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw_z" >.tmp-1
-    tr '\0' '\012' <"$2" | sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw_z" >.tmp-2
-    git diff .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
+    perl -pe 'y/\000/\012/' <"$1" | sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw_z" >.tmp-1
+    perl -pe 'y/\000/\012/' <"$2" | sed -e "$sanitize_diff_raw_z" >.tmp-2
+    test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
 }
 
 compare_diff_patch () {
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ compare_diff_patch () {
 	/^[dis]*imilarity index [0-9]*%$/d
 	/^index [0-9a-f]*\.\.[0-9a-f]/d
     ' <"$2" >.tmp-2
-    git diff .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
+    test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index f6fe78cd27..5654962343 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+remotes_git_svn=remotes/git""-svn
+git_svn_id=git""-svn-id
+
 if test -n "$NO_SVN_TESTS"
 then
-	test_expect_success 'skipping git-svn tests, NO_SVN_TESTS defined' :
+	say 'skipping git svn tests, NO_SVN_TESTS defined'
+	test_done
+fi
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git svn tests, perl not available'
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
 GIT_DIR=$PWD/.git
@@ -14,18 +20,20 @@ SVN_TREE=$GIT_SVN_DIR/svn-tree
 svn >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-svn tests, svn not found' :
+    say 'skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
 
 svnrepo=$PWD/svnrepo
+export svnrepo
+svnconf=$PWD/svnconf
+export svnconf
 
 perl -w -e "
 use SVN::Core;
 use SVN::Repos;
 \$SVN::Core::VERSION gt '1.1.0' or exit(42);
-system(qw/svnadmin create --fs-type fsfs/, '$svnrepo') == 0 or exit(41);
+system(qw/svnadmin create --fs-type fsfs/, \$ENV{svnrepo}) == 0 or exit(41);
 " >&3 2>&4
 x=$?
 if test $x -ne 0
@@ -37,9 +45,8 @@ then
 	else
 		err='Perl SVN libraries not found or unusable, skipping test'
 	fi
-	test_expect_success "$err" :
+	say "$err"
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
 rawsvnrepo="$svnrepo"
@@ -48,3 +55,118 @@ svnrepo="file://$svnrepo"
 poke() {
 	test-chmtime +1 "$1"
 }
+
+# We need this, because we should pass empty configuration directory to
+# the 'svn commit' to avoid automated property changes and other stuff
+# that could be set from user's configuration files in ~/.subversion.
+svn_cmd () {
+	[ -d "$svnconf" ] || mkdir "$svnconf"
+	orig_svncmd="$1"; shift
+	if [ -z "$orig_svncmd" ]; then
+		svn
+		return
+	fi
+	svn "$orig_svncmd" --config-dir "$svnconf" "$@"
+}
+
+for d in \
+	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" \
+	/usr/sbin/apache2 \
+	/usr/sbin/httpd \
+; do
+	if test -f "$d"
+	then
+		SVN_HTTPD_PATH="$d"
+		break
+	fi
+done
+for d in \
+	"$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" \
+	/usr/lib/apache2/modules \
+	/usr/libexec/apache2 \
+; do
+	if test -d "$d"
+	then
+		SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$d"
+		break
+	fi
+done
+
+start_httpd () {
+	repo_base_path="$1"
+	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT"
+	then
+		echo >&2 'SVN_HTTPD_PORT is not defined!'
+		return
+	fi
+	if test -z "$repo_base_path"
+	then
+		repo_base_path=svn
+	fi
+
+	mkdir "$GIT_DIR"/logs
+
+	cat > "$GIT_DIR/httpd.conf" <<EOF
+ServerName "git svn test"
+ServerRoot "$GIT_DIR"
+DocumentRoot "$GIT_DIR"
+PidFile "$GIT_DIR/httpd.pid"
+LockFile logs/accept.lock
+Listen 127.0.0.1:$SVN_HTTPD_PORT
+LoadModule dav_module $SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav.so
+LoadModule dav_svn_module $SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav_svn.so
+<Location /$repo_base_path>
+	DAV svn
+	SVNPath "$rawsvnrepo"
+</Location>
+EOF
+	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k start
+	svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$SVN_HTTPD_PORT/$repo_base_path"
+}
+
+stop_httpd () {
+	test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT" && return
+	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k stop
+}
+
+convert_to_rev_db () {
+	perl -w -- - "$@" <<\EOF
+use strict;
+@ARGV == 2 or die "Usage: convert_to_rev_db <input> <output>";
+open my $wr, '+>', $ARGV[1] or die "$!: couldn't open: $ARGV[1]";
+open my $rd, '<', $ARGV[0] or die "$!: couldn't open: $ARGV[0]";
+my $size = (stat($rd))[7];
+($size % 24) == 0 or die "Inconsistent size: $size";
+while (sysread($rd, my $buf, 24) == 24) {
+	my ($r, $c) = unpack('NH40', $buf);
+	my $offset = $r * 41;
+	seek $wr, 0, 2 or die $!;
+	my $pos = tell $wr;
+	if ($pos < $offset) {
+		for (1 .. (($offset - $pos) / 41)) {
+			print $wr (('0' x 40),"\n") or die $!;
+		}
+	}
+	seek $wr, $offset, 0 or die $!;
+	print $wr $c,"\n" or die $!;
+}
+close $wr or die $!;
+close $rd or die $!;
+EOF
+}
+
+require_svnserve () {
+    if test -z "$SVNSERVE_PORT"
+    then
+        say 'skipping svnserve test. (set $SVNSERVE_PORT to enable)'
+        test_done
+    fi
+}
+
+start_svnserve () {
+    svnserve --listen-port $SVNSERVE_PORT \
+             --root "$rawsvnrepo" \
+             --listen-once \
+             --listen-host 127.0.0.1 &
+}
+
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd.sh b/t/lib-httpd.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6765b08065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
+#
+
+if test -z "$GIT_TEST_HTTPD"
+then
+	say "skipping test, network testing disabled by default"
+	say "(define GIT_TEST_HTTPD to enable)"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+HTTPD_PARA=""
+
+case $(uname) in
+	Darwin)
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH='/usr/sbin/httpd'
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH='/usr/libexec/apache2'
+		HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DDarwin"
+	;;
+	*)
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH='/usr/sbin/apache2'
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH='/usr/lib/apache2/modules'
+	;;
+esac
+
+LIB_HTTPD_PATH=${LIB_HTTPD_PATH-"$DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH"}
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'8111'}
+
+TEST_PATH="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd
+HTTPD_ROOT_PATH="$PWD"/httpd
+HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH=$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/www
+
+if ! test -x "$LIB_HTTPD_PATH"
+then
+	say "skipping test, no web server found at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+HTTPD_VERSION=`$LIB_HTTPD_PATH -v | \
+	sed -n 's/^Server version: Apache\/\([0-9]*\)\..*$/\1/p; q'`
+
+if test -n "$HTTPD_VERSION"
+then
+	if test -z "$LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH"
+	then
+		if ! test $HTTPD_VERSION -ge 2
+		then
+			say "skipping test, at least Apache version 2 is required"
+			test_done
+		fi
+
+		LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH"
+	fi
+else
+	error "Could not identify web server at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
+fi
+
+prepare_httpd() {
+	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
+
+	ln -s "$LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/modules"
+
+	if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SSL"
+	then
+		HTTPD_URL=https://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
+
+		RANDFILE_PATH="$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/.rnd openssl req \
+			-config "$TEST_PATH/ssl.cnf" \
+			-new -x509 -nodes \
+			-out "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/httpd.pem" \
+			-keyout "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/httpd.pem"
+		GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY=t
+		export GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY
+		HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DSSL"
+	else
+		HTTPD_URL=http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
+	fi
+
+	if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_DAV" -o -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SVN"
+	then
+		HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DDAV"
+
+		if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SVN"
+		then
+			HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DSVN"
+			rawsvnrepo="$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/svnrepo"
+			svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/svn"
+		fi
+	fi
+}
+
+start_httpd() {
+	prepare_httpd >&3 2>&4
+
+	trap 'code=$?; stop_httpd; (exit $code); die' EXIT
+
+	"$LIB_HTTPD_PATH" -d "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH" \
+		-f "$TEST_PATH/apache.conf" $HTTPD_PARA \
+		-c "Listen 127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT" -k start \
+		>&3 2>&4
+	if test $? -ne 0
+	then
+		say "skipping test, web server setup failed"
+		trap 'die' EXIT
+		test_done
+	fi
+}
+
+stop_httpd() {
+	trap 'die' EXIT
+
+	"$LIB_HTTPD_PATH" -d "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH" \
+		-f "$TEST_PATH/apache.conf" $HTTPD_PARA -k stop
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21aa42f1c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+ServerName dummy
+LockFile accept.lock
+PidFile httpd.pid
+DocumentRoot www
+LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
+CustomLog access.log common
+ErrorLog error.log
+<IfModule !mod_log_config.c>
+	LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
+</IfModule>
+
+<IfDefine SSL>
+LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
+
+SSLCertificateFile httpd.pem
+SSLCertificateKeyFile httpd.pem
+SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 512
+SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 512
+SSLSessionCache none
+SSLMutex file:ssl_mutex
+SSLEngine On
+</IfDefine>
+
+<IfDefine DAV>
+	LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
+	LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
+
+	DAVLockDB DAVLock
+	<Location />
+		Dav on
+	</Location>
+</IfDefine>
+
+<IfDefine SVN>
+	LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so
+
+	<Location /svn>
+		DAV svn
+		SVNPath svnrepo
+	</Location>
+</IfDefine>
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/ssl.cnf b/t/lib-httpd/ssl.cnf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6dab2579cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/ssl.cnf
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+RANDFILE                = $ENV::RANDFILE_PATH
+
+[ req ]
+default_bits            = 1024
+distinguished_name      = req_distinguished_name
+prompt                  = no
+[ req_distinguished_name ]
+commonName              = 127.0.0.1
diff --git a/t/lib-patch-mode.sh b/t/lib-patch-mode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..afb4b6686c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-patch-mode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+set_state () {
+	echo "$3" > "$1" &&
+	git add "$1" &&
+	echo "$2" > "$1"
+}
+
+save_state () {
+	noslash="$(echo "$1" | tr / _)" &&
+	cat "$1" > _worktree_"$noslash" &&
+	git show :"$1" > _index_"$noslash"
+}
+
+set_and_save_state () {
+	set_state "$@" &&
+	save_state "$1"
+}
+
+verify_state () {
+	test "$(cat "$1")" = "$2" &&
+	test "$(git show :"$1")" = "$3"
+}
+
+verify_saved_state () {
+	noslash="$(echo "$1" | tr / _)" &&
+	verify_state "$1" "$(cat _worktree_"$noslash")" "$(cat _index_"$noslash")"
+}
+
+save_head () {
+	git rev-parse HEAD > _head
+}
+
+verify_saved_head () {
+	test "$(cat _head)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh b/t/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
index d195603dfa..168329adbc 100644
--- a/t/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+++ b/t/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ do
 	echo This is Z/$p from the original tree. >Z/$p
 	test_expect_success \
 	    "adding test file $p and Z/$p" \
-	    'git-update-index --add $p &&
-	    git-update-index --add Z/$p'
+	    'git update-index --add $p &&
+	    git update-index --add Z/$p'
     done
 done
 echo This is SS from the original tree. >SS
 test_expect_success \
     'adding test file SS' \
-    'git-update-index --add SS'
+    'git update-index --add SS'
 cat >TT <<\EOF
 This is a trivial merge sample text.
 Branch A is expected to upcase this word, here.
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ This concludes the trivial merge sample file.
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'adding test file TT' \
-    'git-update-index --add TT'
+    'git update-index --add TT'
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare initial tree' \
-    'tree_O=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'tree_O=$(git write-tree)'
 
 ################################################################
 # Branch A and B makes the changes according to the above matrix.
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ to_remove=$(echo D? Z/D?)
 rm -f $to_remove
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch A (removal)' \
-    'git-update-index --remove $to_remove'
+    'git update-index --remove $to_remove'
 
 for p in M? Z/M?
 do
     echo This is modified $p in the branch A. >$p
     test_expect_success \
 	'change in branch A (modification)' \
-        "git-update-index $p"
+        "git update-index $p"
 done
 
 for p in AN AA Z/AN Z/AA
@@ -62,32 +62,32 @@ do
     echo This is added $p in the branch A. >$p
     test_expect_success \
 	'change in branch A (addition)' \
-	"git-update-index --add $p"
+	"git update-index --add $p"
 done
 
 echo This is SS from the modified tree. >SS
 echo This is LL from the modified tree. >LL
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch A (addition)' \
-    'git-update-index --add LL &&
-     git-update-index SS'
+    'git update-index --add LL &&
+     git update-index SS'
 mv TT TT-
 sed -e '/Branch A/s/word/WORD/g' <TT- >TT
 rm -f TT-
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch A (edit)' \
-    'git-update-index TT'
+    'git update-index TT'
 
 mkdir DF
 echo Branch A makes a file at DF/DF, creating a directory DF. >DF/DF
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch A (change file to directory)' \
-    'git-update-index --add DF/DF'
+    'git update-index --add DF/DF'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'recording branch A tree' \
-    'tree_A=$(git-write-tree)'
-	   
+    'tree_A=$(git write-tree)'
+
 ################################################################
 # Branch B
 # Start from O
@@ -96,21 +96,21 @@ rm -rf [NDMASLT][NDMASLT] Z DF
 mkdir Z
 test_expect_success \
     'reading original tree and checking out' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree_O &&
-     git-checkout-index -a'
+    'git read-tree $tree_O &&
+     git checkout-index -a'
 
 to_remove=$(echo ?D Z/?D)
 rm -f $to_remove
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch B (removal)' \
-    "git-update-index --remove $to_remove"
+    "git update-index --remove $to_remove"
 
 for p in ?M Z/?M
 do
     echo This is modified $p in the branch B. >$p
     test_expect_success \
 	'change in branch B (modification)' \
-	"git-update-index $p"
+	"git update-index $p"
 done
 
 for p in NA AA Z/NA Z/AA
@@ -118,41 +118,41 @@ do
     echo This is added $p in the branch B. >$p
     test_expect_success \
 	'change in branch B (addition)' \
-	"git-update-index --add $p"
+	"git update-index --add $p"
 done
 echo This is SS from the modified tree. >SS
 echo This is LL from the modified tree. >LL
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch B (addition and modification)' \
-    'git-update-index --add LL &&
-     git-update-index SS'
+    'git update-index --add LL &&
+     git update-index SS'
 mv TT TT-
 sed -e '/Branch B/s/word/WORD/g' <TT- >TT
 rm -f TT-
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch B (modification)' \
-    'git-update-index TT'
+    'git update-index TT'
 
 echo Branch B makes a file at DF. >DF
 test_expect_success \
     'change in branch B (addition of a file to conflict with directory)' \
-    'git-update-index --add DF'
+    'git update-index --add DF'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'recording branch B tree' \
-    'tree_B=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'tree_B=$(git write-tree)'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'keep contents of 3 trees for easy access' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_O &&
+     git read-tree $tree_O &&
      mkdir .orig-O &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=.orig-O/ -f -q -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=.orig-O/ -f -q -a &&
      rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_A &&
+     git read-tree $tree_A &&
      mkdir .orig-A &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=.orig-A/ -f -q -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=.orig-A/ -f -q -a &&
      rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree $tree_B &&
      mkdir .orig-B &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=.orig-B/ -f -q -a'
+     git checkout-index --prefix=.orig-B/ -f -q -a'
diff --git a/t/lib-rebase.sh b/t/lib-rebase.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..260a231933
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-rebase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# After setting the fake editor with this function, you can
+#
+# - override the commit message with $FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE,
+# - amend the commit message with $FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND
+# - check that non-commit messages have a certain line count with $EXPECT_COUNT
+# - rewrite a rebase -i script with $FAKE_LINES in the form
+#
+#	"[<lineno1>] [<lineno2>]..."
+#
+#   If a line number is prefixed with "squash" or "edit", the respective line's
+#   command will be replaced with the specified one.
+
+set_fake_editor () {
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
+	cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
+case "$1" in
+*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
+	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" > "$1"
+	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" >> "$1"
+	exit
+	;;
+esac
+test -z "$EXPECT_COUNT" ||
+	test "$EXPECT_COUNT" = $(sed -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' < "$1" | wc -l) ||
+	exit
+test -z "$FAKE_LINES" && exit
+grep -v '^#' < "$1" > "$1".tmp
+rm -f "$1"
+cat "$1".tmp
+action=pick
+for line in $FAKE_LINES; do
+	case $line in
+	squash|edit)
+		action="$line";;
+	*)
+		echo sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p"
+		sed -n "${line}p" < "$1".tmp
+		sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p" < "$1".tmp >> "$1"
+		action=pick;;
+	esac
+done
+EOF
+
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
+	chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+}
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index 186de70243..f4ca4fc85c 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ fi
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 ################################################################
-# git-init has been done in an empty repository.
+# git init has been done in an empty repository.
 # make sure it is empty.
 
 find .git/objects -type f -print >should-be-empty
 test_expect_success \
-    '.git/objects should be empty after git-init in an empty repo.' \
-    'cmp -s /dev/null should-be-empty' 
+    '.git/objects should be empty after git init in an empty repo.' \
+    'cmp -s /dev/null should-be-empty'
 
 # also it should have 2 subdirectories; no fan-out anymore, pack, and info.
 # 3 is counting "objects" itself
@@ -47,21 +47,48 @@ test_expect_success \
     'test $(wc -l < full-of-directories) = 3'
 
 ################################################################
+# Test harness
+test_expect_success 'success is reported like this' '
+    :
+'
+test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' '
+    false
+'
+test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' '
+    :
+'
+test_set_prereq HAVEIT
+haveit=no
+test_expect_success HAVEIT 'test runs if prerequisite is satisfied' '
+    test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
+    haveit=yes
+'
+donthaveit=yes
+test_expect_success DONTHAVEIT 'unmet prerequisite causes test to be skipped' '
+    donthaveit=no
+'
+if test $haveit$donthaveit != yesyes
+then
+	say "bug in test framework: prerequisite tags do not work reliably"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+################################################################
 # Basics of the basics
 
 # updating a new file without --add should fail.
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git-update-index without --add should fail adding.' \
-    'git-update-index should-be-empty'
+test_expect_success 'git update-index without --add should fail adding.' '
+    test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
+'
 
 # and with --add it should succeed, even if it is empty (it used to fail).
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index with --add should succeed.' \
-    'git-update-index --add should-be-empty'
+    'git update-index with --add should succeed.' \
+    'git update-index --add should-be-empty'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git-write-tree' \
-    'tree=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
+    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
 
 # we know the shape and contents of the tree and know the object ID for it.
 test_expect_success \
@@ -70,40 +97,59 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 # Removing paths.
 rm -f should-be-empty full-of-directories
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git-update-index without --remove should fail removing.' \
-    'git-update-index should-be-empty'
+test_expect_success 'git update-index without --remove should fail removing.' '
+    test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index with --remove should be able to remove.' \
-    'git-update-index --remove should-be-empty'
+    'git update-index with --remove should be able to remove.' \
+    'git update-index --remove should-be-empty'
 
 # Empty tree can be written with recent write-tree.
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-write-tree should be able to write an empty tree.' \
-    'tree=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'git write-tree should be able to write an empty tree.' \
+    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID of a known tree.' \
     'test "$tree" = 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904'
 
 # Various types of objects
+# Some filesystems do not support symblic links; on such systems
+# some expected values are different
 mkdir path2 path3 path3/subp3
-for p in path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3
+paths='path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3'
+for p in $paths
 do
     echo "hello $p" >$p
-    ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym
 done
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	for p in $paths
+	do
+		ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym
+	done
+	expectfilter=cat
+	expectedtree=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
+	expectedptree1=21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3
+	expectedptree2=3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2
+else
+	expectfilter='grep -v sym'
+	expectedtree=8e18edf7d7edcf4371a3ac6ae5f07c2641db7c46
+	expectedptree1=cfb8591b2f65de8b8cc1020cd7d9e67e7793b325
+	expectedptree2=ce580448f0148b985a513b693fdf7d802cacb44f
+fi
+
 test_expect_success \
-    'adding various types of objects with git-update-index --add.' \
-    'find path* ! -type d -print | xargs git-update-index --add'
+    'adding various types of objects with git update-index --add.' \
+    'find path* ! -type d -print | xargs git update-index --add'
 
 # Show them and see that matches what we expect.
 test_expect_success \
-    'showing stage with git-ls-files --stage' \
-    'git-ls-files --stage >current'
+    'showing stage with git ls-files --stage' \
+    'git ls-files --stage >current'
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0	path0
 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0	path0sym
 100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0	path2/file2
@@ -114,35 +160,35 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 120000 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c 0	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
-    'validate git-ls-files output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'validate git ls-files output for a known tree.' \
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git-write-tree.' \
-    'tree=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'writing tree out with git write-tree.' \
+    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$tree" = 087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b'
+    'test "$tree" = "$expectedtree"'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git-ls-tree' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree >current'
+    'showing tree with git ls-tree' \
+    'git ls-tree $tree >current'
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
 040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
 040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-tree output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+    'git ls-tree output for a known tree.' \
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 # This changed in ls-tree pathspec change -- recursive does
 # not show tree nodes anymore.
 test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git-ls-tree -r' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r $tree >current'
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+    'showing tree with git ls-tree -r' \
+    'git ls-tree -r $tree >current'
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
 100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
@@ -153,13 +199,13 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 # But with -r -t we can have both.
 test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git-ls-tree -r -t' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r -t $tree >current'
+    'showing tree with git ls-tree -r -t' \
+    'git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current'
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
@@ -173,23 +219,23 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
 120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+    'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing partial tree out with git-write-tree --prefix.' \
-    'ptree=$(git-write-tree --prefix=path3)'
+    'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
+    'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3'
+    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing partial tree out with git-write-tree --prefix.' \
-    'ptree=$(git-write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)'
+    'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
+    'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = 3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2'
+    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree2"'
 
 cat >badobjects <<EOF
 100644 blob 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file1
@@ -202,27 +248,27 @@ EOF
 rm .git/index
 test_expect_success \
     'put invalid objects into the index.' \
-    'git-update-index --index-info < badobjects'
+    'git update-index --index-info < badobjects'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'writing this tree without --missing-ok.' \
-    'git-write-tree'
+test_expect_success 'writing this tree without --missing-ok.' '
+    test_must_fail git write-tree
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'writing this tree with --missing-ok.' \
-    'git-write-tree --missing-ok'
+    'git write-tree --missing-ok'
 
 
 ################################################################
 rm .git/index
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-read-tree followed by write-tree should be idempotent.' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree &&
+    'git read-tree followed by write-tree should be idempotent.' \
+    'git read-tree $tree &&
      test -f .git/index &&
-     newtree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+     newtree=$(git write-tree) &&
      test "$newtree" = "$tree"'
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0
 :120000 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0sym
 :100644 100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path2/file2
@@ -233,36 +279,36 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 :120000 120000 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
-    'validate git-diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state.' \
-    'git-diff-files >current && diff >/dev/null -b current expected'
+    'validate git diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state.' \
+    'git diff-files >current && diff >/dev/null -b current expected'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --refresh should succeed.' \
-    'git-update-index --refresh'
+    'git update-index --refresh should succeed.' \
+    'git update-index --refresh'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'no diff after checkout and git-update-index --refresh.' \
-    'git-diff-files >current && cmp -s current /dev/null'
+    'no diff after checkout and git update-index --refresh.' \
+    'git diff-files >current && cmp -s current /dev/null'
 
 ################################################################
-P=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
+P=$expectedtree
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit.' \
-    'commit0=$(echo NO | git-commit-tree $P) &&
+    'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit.' \
+    'commit0=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P) &&
      tree=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit0 |
 	 sed -n -e "s/^tree //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
      test "z$tree" = "z$P"'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit.' \
-    'commit1=$(echo NO | git-commit-tree $P -p $commit0) &&
+    'git commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit.' \
+    'commit1=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0) &&
      parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit1 |
 	 sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
      test "z$commit0" = "z$parent"'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit.' \
-    'commit2=$(echo NO | git-commit-tree $P -p $commit0 -p $commit0) &&
+    'git commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit.' \
+    'commit2=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0 -p $commit0) &&
      parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
 	 sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
 	 sort -u) &&
@@ -281,4 +327,42 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index D/F conflict' '
 	test $numpath0 = 1
 '
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'absolute path works as expected' '
+	mkdir first &&
+	ln -s ../.git first/.git &&
+	mkdir second &&
+	ln -s ../first second/other &&
+	mkdir third &&
+	dir="$(cd .git; pwd -P)" &&
+	dir2=third/../second/other/.git &&
+	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path $dir2)" &&
+	file="$dir"/index &&
+	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path $dir2/index)" &&
+	basename=blub &&
+	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils make_absolute_path "$basename")" &&
+	ln -s ../first/file .git/syml &&
+	sym="$(cd first; pwd -P)"/file &&
+	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path "$dir2/syml")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'very long name in the index handled sanely' '
+
+	a=a && # 1
+	a=$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a && # 16
+	a=$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a && # 256
+	a=$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a$a && # 4096
+	a=${a}q &&
+
+	>path4 &&
+	git update-index --add path4 &&
+	(
+		git ls-files -s path4 |
+		sed -e "s/	.*/	/" |
+		tr -d "\012"
+		echo "$a"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	len=$(git ls-files "a*" | wc -c) &&
+	test $len = 4098
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0001-init.sh b/t/t0001-init.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e3d846420d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0001-init.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git init'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check_config () {
+	if test -d "$1" && test -f "$1/config" && test -d "$1/refs"
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "expected a directory $1, a file $1/config and $1/refs"
+		return 1
+	fi
+	bare=$(GIT_CONFIG="$1/config" git config --bool core.bare)
+	worktree=$(GIT_CONFIG="$1/config" git config core.worktree) ||
+	worktree=unset
+
+	test "$bare" = "$2" && test "$worktree" = "$3" || {
+		echo "expected bare=$2 worktree=$3"
+		echo "     got bare=$bare worktree=$worktree"
+		return 1
+	}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'plain' '
+	(
+		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
+		mkdir plain &&
+		cd plain &&
+		git init
+	) &&
+	check_config plain/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plain with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	if (
+		unset GIT_DIR
+		mkdir plain-wt &&
+		cd plain-wt &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) git init
+	)
+	then
+		echo Should have failed -- GIT_WORK_TREE should not be used
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plain bare' '
+	(
+		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir plain-bare-1 &&
+		cd plain-bare-1 &&
+		git --bare init
+	) &&
+	check_config plain-bare-1 true unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plain bare with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	if (
+		unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir plain-bare-2 &&
+		cd plain-bare-2 &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) git --bare init
+	)
+	then
+		echo Should have failed -- GIT_WORK_TREE should not be used
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR bare' '
+
+	(
+		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir git-dir-bare.git &&
+		GIT_DIR=git-dir-bare.git git init
+	) &&
+	check_config git-dir-bare.git true unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init --bare' '
+
+	(
+		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir init-bare.git &&
+		cd init-bare.git &&
+		git init --bare
+	) &&
+	check_config init-bare.git true unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR non-bare' '
+
+	(
+		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir non-bare &&
+		cd non-bare &&
+		GIT_DIR=.git git init
+	) &&
+	check_config non-bare/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE (1)' '
+
+	(
+		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir git-dir-wt-1.git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) GIT_DIR=git-dir-wt-1.git git init
+	) &&
+	check_config git-dir-wt-1.git false "$(pwd)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE (2)' '
+
+	if (
+		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		mkdir git-dir-wt-2.git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) GIT_DIR=git-dir-wt-2.git git --bare init
+	)
+	then
+		echo Should have failed -- --bare should not be used
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reinit' '
+
+	(
+		unset GIT_CONFIG GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+
+		mkdir again &&
+		cd again &&
+		git init >out1 2>err1 &&
+		git init >out2 2>err2
+	) &&
+	grep "Initialized empty" again/out1 &&
+	grep "Reinitialized existing" again/out2 &&
+	>again/empty &&
+	test_cmp again/empty again/err1 &&
+	test_cmp again/empty again/err2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init with --template' '
+	mkdir template-source &&
+	echo content >template-source/file &&
+	(
+		mkdir template-custom &&
+		cd template-custom &&
+		git init --template=../template-source
+	) &&
+	test_cmp template-source/file template-custom/.git/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init with --template (blank)' '
+	(
+		mkdir template-plain &&
+		cd template-plain &&
+		git init
+	) &&
+	test -f template-plain/.git/info/exclude &&
+	(
+		mkdir template-blank &&
+		cd template-blank &&
+		git init --template=
+	) &&
+	! test -f template-blank/.git/info/exclude
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init --bare/--shared overrides system/global config' '
+	(
+		HOME="`pwd`" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
+		git config -f "$test_config" core.bare false &&
+		git config -f "$test_config" core.sharedRepository 0640 &&
+		mkdir init-bare-shared-override &&
+		cd init-bare-shared-override &&
+		git init --bare --shared=0666
+	) &&
+	check_config init-bare-shared-override true unset &&
+	test x0666 = \
+	x`git config -f init-bare-shared-override/config core.sharedRepository`
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init honors global core.sharedRepository' '
+	(
+		HOME="`pwd`" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
+		git config -f "$test_config" core.sharedRepository 0666 &&
+		mkdir shared-honor-global &&
+		cd shared-honor-global &&
+		git init
+	) &&
+	test x0666 = \
+	x`git config -f shared-honor-global/.git/config core.sharedRepository`
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init rejects insanely long --template' '
+	(
+		insane=$(printf "x%09999dx" 1) &&
+		mkdir test &&
+		cd test &&
+		test_must_fail git init --template=$insane
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0002-gitfile.sh b/t/t0002-gitfile.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cb144258cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0002-gitfile.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='.git file
+
+Verify that plumbing commands work when .git is a file
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+objpath() {
+    echo "$1" | sed -e 's|\(..\)|\1/|'
+}
+
+objck() {
+	p=$(objpath "$1")
+	if test ! -f "$REAL/objects/$p"
+	then
+		echo "Object not found: $REAL/objects/$p"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'initial setup' '
+	REAL="$(pwd)/.real" &&
+	mv .git "$REAL"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bad setup: invalid .git file format' '
+	echo "gitdir $REAL" >.git &&
+	if git rev-parse 2>.err
+	then
+		echo "git rev-parse accepted an invalid .git file"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	if ! grep "Invalid gitfile format" .err
+	then
+		echo "git rev-parse returned wrong error"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bad setup: invalid .git file path' '
+	echo "gitdir: $REAL.not" >.git &&
+	if git rev-parse 2>.err
+	then
+		echo "git rev-parse accepted an invalid .git file path"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	if ! grep "Not a git repository" .err
+	then
+		echo "git rev-parse returned wrong error"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'final setup + check rev-parse --git-dir' '
+	echo "gitdir: $REAL" >.git &&
+	test "$REAL" = "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check hash-object' '
+	echo "foo" >bar &&
+	SHA=$(cat bar | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	objck $SHA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check cat-file' '
+	git cat-file blob $SHA >actual &&
+	test_cmp bar actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check update-index' '
+	if test -f "$REAL/index"
+	then
+		echo "Hmm, $REAL/index exists?"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	rm -f "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)" &&
+	git update-index --add bar &&
+	if ! test -f "$REAL/index"
+	then
+		echo "$REAL/index not found"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	objck $SHA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check write-tree' '
+	SHA=$(git write-tree) &&
+	objck $SHA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check commit-tree' '
+	SHA=$(echo "commit bar" | git commit-tree $SHA) &&
+	objck $SHA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check rev-list' '
+	echo $SHA >"$REAL/HEAD" &&
+	test "$SHA" = "$(git rev-list HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0003-attributes.sh b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1c77192eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description=gitattributes
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+attr_check () {
+
+	path="$1"
+	expect="$2"
+
+	git check-attr test -- "$path" >actual &&
+	echo "$path: test: $2" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	mkdir -p a/b/d a/c &&
+	(
+		echo "f	test=f"
+		echo "a/i test=a/i"
+	) >.gitattributes &&
+	(
+		echo "g test=a/g" &&
+		echo "b/g test=a/b/g"
+	) >a/.gitattributes &&
+	(
+		echo "h test=a/b/h" &&
+		echo "d/* test=a/b/d/*"
+	) >a/b/.gitattributes
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attribute test' '
+
+	attr_check f f &&
+	attr_check a/f f &&
+	attr_check a/c/f f &&
+	attr_check a/g a/g &&
+	attr_check a/b/g a/b/g &&
+	attr_check b/g unspecified &&
+	attr_check a/b/h a/b/h &&
+	attr_check a/b/d/g "a/b/d/*"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attribute test: read paths from stdin' '
+
+	cat <<EOF > expect
+f: test: f
+a/f: test: f
+a/c/f: test: f
+a/g: test: a/g
+a/b/g: test: a/b/g
+b/g: test: unspecified
+a/b/h: test: a/b/h
+a/b/d/g: test: a/b/d/*
+EOF
+
+	sed -e "s/:.*//" < expect | git check-attr --stdin test > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root subdir attribute test' '
+
+	attr_check a/i a/i &&
+	attr_check subdir/a/i unspecified
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup bare' '
+
+	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+	cd bare.git
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bare repository: check that .gitattribute is ignored' '
+
+	(
+		echo "f	test=f"
+		echo "a/i test=a/i"
+	) >.gitattributes &&
+	attr_check f unspecified &&
+	attr_check a/f unspecified &&
+	attr_check a/c/f unspecified &&
+	attr_check a/i unspecified &&
+	attr_check subdir/a/i unspecified
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bare repository: test info/attributes' '
+
+	(
+		echo "f	test=f"
+		echo "a/i test=a/i"
+	) >info/attributes &&
+	attr_check f f &&
+	attr_check a/f f &&
+	attr_check a/c/f f &&
+	attr_check a/i a/i &&
+	attr_check subdir/a/i unspecified
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0004-unwritable.sh b/t/t0004-unwritable.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2342ac5788
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0004-unwritable.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='detect unwritable repository and fail correctly'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo >file &&
+	git add file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'write-tree should notice unwritable repository' '
+
+	(
+		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
+		test_must_fail git write-tree
+	)
+	status=$?
+	chmod 775 .git/objects .git/objects/??
+	(exit $status)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'commit should notice unwritable repository' '
+
+	(
+		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
+		test_must_fail git commit -m second
+	)
+	status=$?
+	chmod 775 .git/objects .git/objects/??
+	(exit $status)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'update-index should notice unwritable repository' '
+
+	(
+		echo 6O >file &&
+		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
+		test_must_fail git update-index file
+	)
+	status=$?
+	chmod 775 .git/objects .git/objects/??
+	(exit $status)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'add should notice unwritable repository' '
+
+	(
+		echo b >file &&
+		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
+		test_must_fail git add file
+	)
+	status=$?
+	chmod 775 .git/objects .git/objects/??
+	(exit $status)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0005-signals.sh b/t/t0005-signals.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..09f855af3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0005-signals.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='signals work as we expect'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+three
+two
+one
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sigchain works' '
+	test-sigchain >actual
+	case "$?" in
+	143) true ;; # POSIX w/ SIGTERM=15
+	  3) true ;; # Windows
+	  *) false ;;
+	esac &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0020-crlf.sh b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
index 723b29ad17..4e72b53140 100755
--- a/t/t0020-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@ test_description='CRLF conversion'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+q_to_nul () {
+	perl -pe 'y/Q/\000/'
+}
+
+q_to_cr () {
+	tr Q '\015'
+}
+
 append_cr () {
 	sed -e 's/$/Q/' | tr Q '\015'
 }
@@ -15,11 +23,12 @@ remove_cr () {
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf false &&
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 
 	for w in Hello world how are you; do echo $w; done >one &&
 	mkdir dir &&
 	for w in I am very very fine thank you; do echo $w; done >dir/two &&
+	for w in Oh here is NULQin text here; do echo $w; done | q_to_nul >three &&
 	git add . &&
 
 	git commit -m initial &&
@@ -27,6 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	one=`git rev-parse HEAD:one` &&
 	dir=`git rev-parse HEAD:dir` &&
 	two=`git rev-parse HEAD:dir/two` &&
+	three=`git rev-parse HEAD:three` &&
 
 	for w in Some extra lines here; do echo $w; done >>one &&
 	git diff >patch.file &&
@@ -36,11 +46,65 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo happy.
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=input, all CRLF' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
+	git config core.safecrlf true &&
+
+	for w in I am all CRLF; do echo $w; done | append_cr >allcrlf &&
+	test_must_fail git add allcrlf
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=input, mixed LF/CRLF' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
+	git config core.safecrlf true &&
+
+	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >mixed &&
+	test_must_fail git add mixed
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=true, all LF' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git config core.safecrlf true &&
+
+	for w in I am all LF; do echo $w; done >alllf &&
+	test_must_fail git add alllf
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=true mixed LF/CRLF' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git config core.safecrlf true &&
+
+	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >mixed &&
+	test_must_fail git add mixed
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: print warning only once' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
+	git config core.safecrlf warn &&
+
+	for w in I am all LF; do echo $w; done >doublewarn &&
+	git add doublewarn &&
+	git commit -m "nowarn" &&
+	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >doublewarn &&
+	test $(git add doublewarn 2>&1 | grep "CRLF will be replaced by LF" | wc -l) = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch off autocrlf, safecrlf, reset HEAD' '
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
+	git config core.safecrlf false &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'update with autocrlf=input' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf input &&
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 
 	for f in one dir/two
 	do
@@ -62,9 +126,9 @@ test_expect_success 'update with autocrlf=input' '
 
 test_expect_success 'update with autocrlf=true' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 
 	for f in one dir/two
 	do
@@ -86,8 +150,8 @@ test_expect_success 'update with autocrlf=true' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout with autocrlf=true' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf true &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	for f in one dir/two
@@ -110,8 +174,8 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout with autocrlf=true' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout with autocrlf=input' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf input &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	for f in one dir/two
@@ -136,8 +200,8 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout with autocrlf=input' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch (autocrlf=input)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf input &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply patch.file &&
@@ -149,8 +213,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch (autocrlf=input)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch --cached (autocrlf=input)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf input &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply --cached patch.file &&
@@ -162,8 +226,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch --cached (autocrlf=input)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch --index (autocrlf=input)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf input &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply --index patch.file &&
@@ -176,8 +240,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch --index (autocrlf=input)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch (autocrlf=true)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf true &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply patch.file &&
@@ -189,8 +253,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch (autocrlf=true)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch --cached (autocrlf=true)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf true &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply --cached patch.file &&
@@ -202,8 +266,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch --cached (autocrlf=true)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply patch --index (autocrlf=true)' '
 
-	rm -f tmp one dir/two &&
-	git repo-config core.autocrlf true &&
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
 	git apply --index patch.file &&
@@ -214,4 +278,193 @@ test_expect_success 'apply patch --index (autocrlf=true)' '
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two is binary' '
+
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	echo "two -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+
+	if remove_cr dir/two >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi &&
+
+	if remove_cr one >/dev/null
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	fi &&
+
+	if remove_cr three >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two is input' '
+
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	echo "two crlf=input" >.gitattributes &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+
+	if remove_cr dir/two >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two and three are text' '
+
+	rm -f tmp one dir/two three &&
+	echo "t* crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+
+	if remove_cr dir/two >/dev/null
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	fi &&
+
+	if remove_cr three >/dev/null
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Huh?"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-tree .gitattributes (1)' '
+
+	echo "one -crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	git commit -m "Add .gitattributes" &&
+
+	rm -rf tmp one dir .gitattributes patch.file three &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+
+	if remove_cr one >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Eh? one should not have CRLF"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi &&
+	remove_cr three >/dev/null || {
+		echo "Eh? three should still have CRLF"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-tree .gitattributes (2)' '
+
+	rm -rf tmp one dir .gitattributes patch.file three &&
+	git read-tree --reset HEAD &&
+	git checkout-index -f -q -u -a &&
+
+	if remove_cr one >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Eh? one should not have CRLF"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi &&
+	remove_cr three >/dev/null || {
+		echo "Eh? three should still have CRLF"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-tree .gitattributes (3)' '
+
+	rm -rf tmp one dir .gitattributes patch.file three &&
+	git read-tree --reset HEAD &&
+	git checkout-index -u .gitattributes &&
+	git checkout-index -u one dir/two three &&
+
+	if remove_cr one >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Eh? one should not have CRLF"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi &&
+	remove_cr three >/dev/null || {
+		echo "Eh? three should still have CRLF"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-tree .gitattributes (4)' '
+
+	rm -rf tmp one dir .gitattributes patch.file three &&
+	git read-tree --reset HEAD &&
+	git checkout-index -u one dir/two three &&
+	git checkout-index -u .gitattributes &&
+
+	if remove_cr one >/dev/null
+	then
+		echo "Eh? one should not have CRLF"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi &&
+	remove_cr three >/dev/null || {
+		echo "Eh? three should still have CRLF"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with existing .gitattributes' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git config --unset core.safecrlf &&
+	echo ".file2 -crlfQ" | q_to_cr >> .gitattributes &&
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo ".file -crlfQ" | q_to_cr >> .gitattributes &&
+	echo "contents" > .file &&
+	git add .gitattributes .file &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+
+	git checkout master~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = ""
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout when deleting .gitattributes' '
+
+	git rm .gitattributes &&
+	echo "contentsQ" | q_to_cr > .file2 &&
+	git add .file2 &&
+	git commit -m third
+
+	git checkout master~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	remove_cr .file2 >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid .gitattributes (must not crash)' '
+
+	echo "three +crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
+	git diff
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0021-conversion.sh b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8fc39d77ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='blob conversion via gitattributes'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat <<\EOF >rot13.sh
+tr \
+  'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' \
+  'nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLM'
+EOF
+chmod +x rot13.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config filter.rot13.smudge ./rot13.sh &&
+	git config filter.rot13.clean ./rot13.sh &&
+
+	{
+	    echo "*.t filter=rot13"
+	    echo "*.i ident"
+	} >.gitattributes &&
+
+	{
+	    echo a b c d e f g h i j k l m
+	    echo n o p q r s t u v w x y z
+	    echo '\''$Id$'\''
+	} >test &&
+	cat test >test.t &&
+	cat test >test.o &&
+	cat test >test.i &&
+	git add test test.t test.i &&
+	rm -f test test.t test.i &&
+	git checkout -- test test.t test.i
+'
+
+script='s/^\$Id: \([0-9a-f]*\) \$/\1/p'
+
+test_expect_success check '
+
+	cmp test.o test &&
+	cmp test.o test.t &&
+
+	# ident should be stripped in the repository
+	git diff --raw --exit-code :test :test.i &&
+	id=$(git rev-parse --verify :test) &&
+	embedded=$(sed -ne "$script" test.i) &&
+	test "z$id" = "z$embedded" &&
+
+	git cat-file blob :test.t > test.r &&
+
+	./rot13.sh < test.o > test.t &&
+	cmp test.r test.t
+'
+
+# If an expanded ident ever gets into the repository, we want to make sure that
+# it is collapsed before being expanded again on checkout
+test_expect_success expanded_in_repo '
+	{
+		echo "File with expanded keywords"
+		echo "\$Id\$"
+		echo "\$Id:\$"
+		echo "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$"
+		echo "\$Id: NoSpaceAtEnd\$"
+		echo "\$Id:NoSpaceAtFront \$"
+		echo "\$Id:NoSpaceAtEitherEnd\$"
+		echo "\$Id: NoTerminatingSymbol"
+	} > expanded-keywords &&
+
+	{
+		echo "File with expanded keywords"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: 4f21723e7b15065df7de95bd46c8ba6fb1818f4c \$"
+		echo "\$Id: NoTerminatingSymbol"
+	} > expected-output &&
+
+	git add expanded-keywords &&
+	git commit -m "File with keywords expanded" &&
+
+	echo "expanded-keywords ident" >> .gitattributes &&
+
+	rm -f expanded-keywords &&
+	git checkout -- expanded-keywords &&
+	cat expanded-keywords &&
+	cmp expanded-keywords expected-output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0022-crlf-rename.sh b/t/t0022-crlf-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f1e1d48869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0022-crlf-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='ignore CR in CRLF sequence while computing similiarity'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0022-crlf-rename.sh >sample &&
+	git add sample &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Initial &&
+
+	sed -e "s/\$/
/" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0022-crlf-rename.sh >elpmas &&
+	git add elpmas &&
+	rm -f sample &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -M' '
+
+	git diff-tree -M -r --name-status HEAD^ HEAD |
+	sed -e "s/R[0-9]*/RNUM/" >actual &&
+	echo "RNUM	sample	elpmas" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh b/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aaed725402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test am with auto.crlf'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >patchfile <<\EOF
+From 38be10072e45dd6b08ce40851e3fca60a31a340b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Marius Storm-Olsen <x@y.com>
+Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2007 13:00:00 +0200
+Subject: test1
+
+---
+ foo |    1 +
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 foo
+
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5716ca5987cbf97d6bb54920bea6adde242d87e6
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++bar
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	echo foo >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am' '
+
+	git am -3 <patchfile &&
+	git diff-files --name-status --exit-code
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c7d0324374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='respect crlf in git archive'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+UNZIP=${UNZIP:-unzip}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true
+
+	printf "CRLF line ending\r\nAnd another\r\n" > sample &&
+	git add sample &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tar archive' '
+
+	git archive --format=tar HEAD |
+	( mkdir untarred && cd untarred && "$TAR" -xf - )
+
+	test_cmp sample untarred/sample
+
+'
+
+"$UNZIP" -v >/dev/null 2>&1
+if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
+	say "Skipping ZIP test, because unzip was not found"
+else
+	test_set_prereq UNZIP
+fi
+
+test_expect_success UNZIP 'zip archive' '
+
+	git archive --format=zip HEAD >test.zip &&
+
+	( mkdir unzipped && cd unzipped && unzip ../test.zip ) &&
+
+	test_cmp sample unzipped/sample
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ccb0a3cb61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Carlos Rica
+#
+
+test_description='git stripspace'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+t40='A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy do'
+s40='                                        '
+sss="$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40$s40" # 400
+ttt="$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40$t40" # 400
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'long lines without spaces should be unchanged' '
+    echo "$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'lines with spaces at the beginning should be unchanged' '
+    echo "$sss$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss$sss$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss$sss$sss$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'lines with intermediate spaces should be unchanged' '
+    echo "$ttt$sss$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$sss$sss$ttt" >expect &&
+    git stripspace <expect >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'consecutive blank lines should be unified' '
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n\n\n$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\t\n \n\n  \t\t\n$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'only consecutive blank lines should be completely removed' '
+    > expect &&
+
+    printf "\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss\n$sss\n$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss\n$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n$sss\n$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss$sss$sss\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n$sss$sss$sss$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n\n$sss$sss$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'consecutive blank lines at the beginning should be removed' '
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "\n\n\n$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "\n\n\n$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "\n\n\n$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+
+    printf "$sss\n$sss\n$sss\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n$sss\n$sss$sss\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss\n$sss\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss$sss\n\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n$sss$sss$sss\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "\n\n$sss$sss$sss\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'consecutive blank lines at the end should be removed' '
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" > expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt\n\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" > expect &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$sss\n$sss\n$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$sss\n$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$sss$sss\n$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$sss$sss$sss\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n$sss$sss$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n\n\n$sss$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text without newline at end should end with newline' '
+    test `printf "$ttt" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$ttt" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0
+'
+
+# text plus spaces at the end:
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text plus spaces without newline at end should end with newline' '
+    test `printf "$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0 &&
+    test `printf "$ttt$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace | wc -l` -gt 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text plus spaces without newline at end should not show spaces' '
+    ! (printf "$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$ttt$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$ttt$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null)
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text plus spaces without newline should show the correct lines' '
+    printf "$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text plus spaces at end should not show spaces' '
+    ! (echo "$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (echo "$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (echo "$ttt$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (echo "$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (echo "$ttt$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (echo "$ttt$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep "  " >/dev/null)
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'text plus spaces at end should be cleaned and newline must remain' '
+    echo "$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$ttt" >expect &&
+    echo "$ttt$ttt$ttt$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# spaces only:
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'spaces with newline at end should be replaced with empty string' '
+    printf "" >expect &&
+
+    echo | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    echo "$sss$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'spaces without newline at end should not show spaces' '
+    ! (printf "" | git stripspace | grep " " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$sss" | git stripspace | grep " " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep " " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep " " >/dev/null) &&
+    ! (printf "$sss$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace | grep " " >/dev/null)
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'spaces without newline at end should be replaced with empty string' '
+    printf "" >expect &&
+
+    printf "" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$sss$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'consecutive text lines should be unchanged' '
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt\n$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt\n$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt\n\n$ttt$ttt\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" >expect &&
+    printf "$ttt\n$ttt$ttt\n\n$ttt\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'strip comments, too' '
+	test ! -z "$(echo "# comment" | git stripspace)" &&
+	test -z "$(echo "# comment" | git stripspace -s)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bbc821ef97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='our own option parser'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat > expect.err << EOF
+usage: test-parse-options <options>
+
+    -b, --boolean         get a boolean
+    -4, --or4             bitwise-or boolean with ...0100
+    --neg-or4             same as --no-or4
+
+    -i, --integer <n>     get a integer
+    -j <n>                get a integer, too
+    --set23               set integer to 23
+    -t <time>             get timestamp of <time>
+    -L, --length <str>    get length of <str>
+    -F, --file <FILE>     set file to <FILE>
+
+String options
+    -s, --string <string>
+                          get a string
+    --string2 <str>       get another string
+    --st <st>             get another string (pervert ordering)
+    -o <str>              get another string
+    --default-string      set string to default
+
+Magic arguments
+    --quux                means --quux
+    -NUM                  set integer to NUM
+    +                     same as -b
+
+Standard options
+    --abbrev[=<n>]        use <n> digits to display SHA-1s
+    -v, --verbose         be verbose
+    -n, --dry-run         dry run
+    -q, --quiet           be quiet
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test help' '
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -h > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output &&
+	test_cmp expect.err output.err
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+boolean: 2
+integer: 1729
+timestamp: 0
+string: 123
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 2
+quiet: no
+dry run: yes
+file: prefix/my.file
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'short options' '
+	test-parse-options -s123 -b -i 1729 -b -vv -n -F my.file \
+	> output 2> output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test ! -s output.err
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+boolean: 2
+integer: 1729
+timestamp: 0
+string: 321
+abbrev: 10
+verbose: 2
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: prefix/fi.le
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'long options' '
+	test-parse-options --boolean --integer 1729 --boolean --string2=321 \
+		--verbose --verbose --no-dry-run --abbrev=10 --file fi.le\
+		> output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing required value' '
+	test-parse-options -s;
+	test $? = 129 &&
+	test-parse-options --string;
+	test $? = 129 &&
+	test-parse-options --file;
+	test $? = 129
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+boolean: 1
+integer: 13
+timestamp: 0
+string: 123
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+arg 00: a1
+arg 01: b1
+arg 02: --boolean
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'intermingled arguments' '
+	test-parse-options a1 --string 123 b1 --boolean -j 13 -- --boolean \
+		> output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 2
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'unambiguously abbreviated option' '
+	test-parse-options --int 2 --boolean --no-bo > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unambiguously abbreviated option with "="' '
+	test-parse-options --int=2 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ambiguously abbreviated option' '
+	test-parse-options --strin 123;
+	test $? = 129
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: 123
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'non ambiguous option (after two options it abbreviates)' '
+	test-parse-options --st 123 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > typo.err << EOF
+error: did you mean \`--boolean\` (with two dashes ?)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'detect possible typos' '
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -boolean > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output &&
+	test_cmp typo.err output.err
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+arg 00: --quux
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'keep some options as arguments' '
+	test-parse-options --quux > output 2> output.err &&
+        test ! -s output.err &&
+        test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 1
+string: default
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: yes
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+arg 00: foo
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_DATE() and OPT_SET_PTR() work' '
+	test-parse-options -t "1970-01-01 00:00:01 +0000" --default-string \
+		foo -q > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+Callback: "four", 0
+boolean: 5
+integer: 4
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and OPT_BIT() work' '
+	test-parse-options --length=four -b -4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+Callback: "not set", 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and callback errors work' '
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options --no-length > output 2> output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test_cmp expect.err output.err
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 1
+integer: 23
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
+	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --no-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
+	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 6
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() works' '
+	test-parse-options -bb --or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() works' '
+	test-parse-options -bb --no-neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOLEAN() with PARSE_OPT_NODASH works' '
+	test-parse-options + + + + + + > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 12345
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK() works' '
+	test-parse-options -12345 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..89282ccf7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Various filesystem issues'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+auml=`printf '\xc3\xa4'`
+aumlcdiar=`printf '\x61\xcc\x88'`
+
+case_insensitive=
+unibad=
+no_symlinks=
+test_expect_success 'see what we expect' '
+
+	test_case=test_expect_success
+	test_unicode=test_expect_success
+	mkdir junk &&
+	echo good >junk/CamelCase &&
+	echo bad >junk/camelcase &&
+	if test "$(cat junk/CamelCase)" != good
+	then
+		test_case=test_expect_failure
+		case_insensitive=t
+	fi &&
+	rm -fr junk &&
+	mkdir junk &&
+	>junk/"$auml" &&
+	case "$(cd junk && echo *)" in
+	"$aumlcdiar")
+		test_unicode=test_expect_failure
+		unibad=t
+		;;
+	*)	;;
+	esac &&
+	rm -fr junk &&
+	{
+		ln -s x y 2> /dev/null &&
+		test -h y 2> /dev/null ||
+		no_symlinks=1
+		rm -f y
+	}
+'
+
+test "$case_insensitive" &&
+	say "will test on a case insensitive filesystem"
+test "$unibad" &&
+	say "will test on a unicode corrupting filesystem"
+test "$no_symlinks" &&
+	say "will test on a filesystem lacking symbolic links"
+
+if test "$case_insensitive"
+then
+test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init" '
+
+	test $(git config --bool core.ignorecase) = true
+'
+else
+test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init" '
+
+	test_must_fail git config --bool core.ignorecase >/dev/null ||
+	test $(git config --bool core.ignorecase) = false
+'
+fi
+
+if test "$no_symlinks"
+then
+test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
+
+	v=$(git config --bool core.symlinks) &&
+	test "$v" = false
+'
+else
+test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
+
+	test_must_fail git config --bool core.symlinks ||
+	test "$(git config --bool core.symlinks)" = true
+'
+fi
+
+test_expect_success "setup case tests" '
+
+	git config core.ignorecase true &&
+	touch camelcase &&
+	git add camelcase &&
+	git commit -m "initial" &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	git checkout -b topic &&
+	git mv camelcase tmp &&
+	git mv tmp CamelCase &&
+	git commit -m "rename" &&
+	git checkout -f master
+
+'
+
+$test_case 'rename (case change)' '
+
+	git mv camelcase CamelCase &&
+	git commit -m "rename"
+
+'
+
+$test_case 'merge (case change)' '
+
+	rm -f CamelCase &&
+	rm -f camelcase &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git merge topic
+
+'
+
+$test_case 'add (with different case)' '
+
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	rm camelcase &&
+	echo 1 >CamelCase &&
+	git add CamelCase &&
+	test $(git ls-files | grep -i camelcase | wc -l) = 1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup unicode normalization tests" '
+
+  test_create_repo unicode &&
+  cd unicode &&
+  touch "$aumlcdiar" &&
+  git add "$aumlcdiar" &&
+  git commit -m initial
+  git tag initial &&
+  git checkout -b topic &&
+  git mv $aumlcdiar tmp &&
+  git mv tmp "$auml" &&
+  git commit -m rename &&
+  git checkout -f master
+
+'
+
+$test_unicode 'rename (silent unicode normalization)' '
+
+ git mv "$aumlcdiar" "$auml" &&
+ git commit -m rename
+
+'
+
+$test_unicode 'merge (silent unicode normalization)' '
+
+ git reset --hard initial &&
+ git merge topic
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh b/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0c6ff567a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='update-index and add refuse to add beyond symlinks'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS setup '
+	>a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	ln -s b c &&
+	>c/d &&
+	git update-index --add a b/d
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'update-index --add beyond symlinks' '
+	test_must_fail git update-index --add c/d &&
+	! ( git ls-files | grep c/d )
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'add beyond symlinks' '
+	test_must_fail git add c/d &&
+	! ( git ls-files | grep c/d )
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..53cf1f8dc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 David Reiss
+#
+
+test_description='Test various path utilities'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+norm_path() {
+	test_expect_success $3 "normalize path: $1 => $2" \
+	"test \"\$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy '$1')\" = '$2'"
+}
+
+# On Windows, we are using MSYS's bash, which mangles the paths.
+# Absolute paths are anchored at the MSYS installation directory,
+# which means that the path / accounts for this many characters:
+rootoff=$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy / | wc -c)
+# Account for the trailing LF:
+if test $rootoff = 2; then
+	rootoff=	# we are on Unix
+else
+	rootoff=$(($rootoff-1))
+fi
+
+ancestor() {
+	# We do some math with the expected ancestor length.
+	expected=$3
+	if test -n "$rootoff" && test "x$expected" != x-1; then
+		expected=$(($expected+$rootoff))
+	fi
+	test_expect_success "longest ancestor: $1 $2 => $expected" \
+	"actual=\$(test-path-utils longest_ancestor_length '$1' '$2') &&
+	 test \"\$actual\" = '$expected'"
+}
+
+# Absolute path tests must be skipped on Windows because due to path mangling
+# the test program never sees a POSIX-style absolute path
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	;;
+*)
+	test_set_prereq POSIX
+	;;
+esac
+
+norm_path "" ""
+norm_path . ""
+norm_path ./ ""
+norm_path ./. ""
+norm_path ./.. ++failed++
+norm_path ../. ++failed++
+norm_path ./../.// ++failed++
+norm_path dir/.. ""
+norm_path dir/sub/../.. ""
+norm_path dir/sub/../../.. ++failed++
+norm_path dir dir
+norm_path dir// dir/
+norm_path ./dir dir
+norm_path dir/. dir/
+norm_path dir///./ dir/
+norm_path dir//sub/.. dir/
+norm_path dir/sub/../ dir/
+norm_path dir/sub/../. dir/
+norm_path dir/s1/../s2/ dir/s2/
+norm_path d1/s1///s2/..//../s3/ d1/s3/
+norm_path d1/s1//../s2/../../d2 d2
+norm_path d1/.../d2 d1/.../d2
+norm_path d1/..././../d2 d1/d2
+
+norm_path / / POSIX
+norm_path // / POSIX
+norm_path /// / POSIX
+norm_path /. / POSIX
+norm_path /./ / POSIX
+norm_path /./.. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /../. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /./../.// ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/.. / POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../.. / POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../../.. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /dir /dir POSIX
+norm_path /dir// /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /./dir /dir POSIX
+norm_path /dir/. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir///./ /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir//sub/.. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../ /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path //dir/sub/../. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/s1/../s2/ /dir/s2/ POSIX
+norm_path /d1/s1///s2/..//../s3/ /d1/s3/ POSIX
+norm_path /d1/s1//../s2/../../d2 /d2 POSIX
+norm_path /d1/.../d2 /d1/.../d2 POSIX
+norm_path /d1/..././../d2 /d1/d2 POSIX
+
+ancestor / "" -1
+ancestor / / -1
+ancestor /foo "" -1
+ancestor /foo : -1
+ancestor /foo ::. -1
+ancestor /foo ::..:: -1
+ancestor /foo / 0
+ancestor /foo /fo -1
+ancestor /foo /foo -1
+ancestor /foo /foo/ -1
+ancestor /foo /bar -1
+ancestor /foo /bar/ -1
+ancestor /foo /foo/bar -1
+ancestor /foo /foo:/bar/ -1
+ancestor /foo /foo/:/bar/ -1
+ancestor /foo /foo::/bar/ -1
+ancestor /foo /:/foo:/bar/ 0
+ancestor /foo /foo:/:/bar/ 0
+ancestor /foo /:/bar/:/foo 0
+ancestor /foo/bar "" -1
+ancestor /foo/bar / 0
+ancestor /foo/bar /fo -1
+ancestor /foo/bar foo -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo/ 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo/ba -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/fo 0
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/foo/ba 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /bar -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /bar/ -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /fo: -1
+ancestor /foo/bar :/fo -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/bar/ 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/foo:/bar/ 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/:/bar/ 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/:/fo 0
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/ 0
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/. 4
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/.:.: 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo/./:.:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/bar -1
+
+test_expect_success 'strip_path_suffix' '
+	test c:/msysgit = $(test-path-utils strip_path_suffix \
+		c:/msysgit/libexec//git-core libexec/git-core)
+'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..680d7d6861
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check that the most basic functions work
+
+
+Verify wrappers and compatibility functions.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'character classes (isspace, isalpha etc.)' '
+	test-ctype
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0100-previous.sh b/t/t0100-previous.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..315b9b3f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0100-previous.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='previous branch syntax @{-n}'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d @{-1}' '
+	test_commit A &&
+	git checkout -b junk &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	git branch -d @{-1} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/junk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d @{-12} when there is not enough switches yet' '
+	git reflog expire --expire=now &&
+	git checkout -b junk2 &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -d @{-12} &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge @{-1}' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	git branch -f master B &&
+	git branch -f other &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge @{-1} &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "Merge branch '\''other'\''"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge @{-1} when there is not enough switches yet' '
+	git reflog expire --expire=now &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard B &&
+	git branch -f other C &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_must_fail git merge @{-12}
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
index e26a36cf0f..22ba7a5442 100755
--- a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+++ b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ In addition:
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
 
 ################################################################
 # Trivial "majority when 3 stages exist" merge plus #2ALT, #3ALT
@@ -130,28 +130,28 @@ _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 
 check_result () {
-    git-ls-files --stage | sed -e 's/ '"$_x40"' / X /' >current &&
-    git diff expected current
+    git ls-files --stage | sed -e 's/ '"$_x40"' / X /' >current &&
+    test_cmp expected current
 }
 
 # This is done on an empty work directory, which is the normal
 # merge person behaviour.
 test_expect_success \
-    '3-way merge with git-read-tree -m, empty cache' \
+    '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, empty cache' \
     "rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
      rm .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 # This starts out with the first head, which is the normal
 # patch submitter behaviour.
 test_expect_success \
-    '3-way merge with git-read-tree -m, match H' \
+    '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, match H' \
     "rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
      rm .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_A &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -u -a &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree $tree_A &&
+     git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 : <<\END_OF_CASE_TABLE
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ We have so far tested only empty index and clean-and-matching-A index
 case which are trivial.  Make sure index requirements are also
 checked.
 
-"git-read-tree -m O A B"
+"git read-tree -m O A B"
 
      O       A       B         result      index requirements
 -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ checked.
   9  exists  O!=A    missing   no merge    must match A and be
                                            up-to-date, if exists.
  ------------------------------------------------------------------
- 10  exists  O==A    missing   remove      ditto
+ 10  exists  O==A    missing   no merge    must match A
  ------------------------------------------------------------------
  11  exists  O!=A    O!=B      no merge    must match A and be
                      A!=B                  up-to-date, if exists.
@@ -210,305 +210,322 @@ DF (file) when tree B require DF to be a directory by having DF/DF
 
 END_OF_CASE_TABLE
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '1 - must not have an entry not in A.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index XX &&
+test_expect_success '1 - must not have an entry not in A.' "
+     rm -f .git/index XX &&
      echo XX >XX &&
-     git-update-index --add XX &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add XX &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '2 - must match B in !O && !A && B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index NA &&
      cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
-     git-update-index --add NA &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add NA &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '2 - matching B alone is OK in !O && !A && B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index NA &&
      cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
-     git-update-index --add NA &&
+     git update-index --add NA &&
      echo extra >>NA &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '3 - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index AN &&
      cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
-     git-update-index --add AN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add AN &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '3 - matching A alone is OK in !O && A && !B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index AN &&
      cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
-     git-update-index --add AN &&
+     git update-index --add AN &&
      echo extra >>AN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '3 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AN &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '3 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' "
+     rm -f .git/index AN &&
      cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
      echo extra >>AN &&
-     git-update-index --add AN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add AN &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '4 - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index AA &&
      cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
-     git-update-index --add AA &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add AA &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AA &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' "
+     rm -f .git/index AA &&
      cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
-     git-update-index --add AA &&
+     git update-index --add AA &&
      echo extra >>AA &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AA &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' "
+     rm -f .git/index AA &&
      cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
      echo extra >>AA &&
-     git-update-index --add AA &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add AA &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index LL &&
      cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
-     git-update-index --add LL &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add LL &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' \
     "rm -f .git/index LL &&
      cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
-     git-update-index --add LL &&
+     git update-index --add LL &&
      echo extra >>LL &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '5 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && B && A==B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index LL &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '5 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && B && A==B case.' "
+     rm -f .git/index LL &&
      cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
      echo extra >>LL &&
-     git-update-index --add LL &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add LL &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '6 - must not exist in O && !A && !B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index DD &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '6 - must not exist in O && !A && !B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index DD &&
      echo DD >DD
-     git-update-index --add DD &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add DD &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '7 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index DM &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '7 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O!=B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index DM &&
      cp .orig-B/DM DM &&
-     git-update-index --add DM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add DM &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '8 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index DN &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '8 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O==B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index DN &&
      cp .orig-B/DN DN &&
-     git-update-index --add DN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add DN &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '9 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' \
     "rm -f .git/index MD &&
      cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
-     git-update-index --add MD &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add MD &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MD &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' "
+     rm -f .git/index MD &&
      cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
-     git-update-index --add MD &&
+     git update-index --add MD &&
      echo extra >>MD &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MD &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' "
+     rm -f .git/index MD &&
      cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
      echo extra >>MD &&
-     git-update-index --add MD &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add MD &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '10 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' \
     "rm -f .git/index ND &&
      cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
-     git-update-index --add ND &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add ND &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index ND &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' "
+     rm -f .git/index ND &&
      cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
-     git-update-index --add ND &&
+     git update-index --add ND &&
      echo extra >>ND &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index ND &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' "
+     rm -f .git/index ND &&
      cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
      echo extra >>ND &&
-     git-update-index --add ND &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add ND &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '11 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index MM &&
      cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
-     git-update-index --add MM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add MM &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MM &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index MM &&
      cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
-     git-update-index --add MM &&
+     git update-index --add MM &&
      echo extra >>MM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MM &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index MM &&
      cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
      echo extra >>MM &&
-     git-update-index --add MM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add MM &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index SS &&
      cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
-     git-update-index --add SS &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add SS &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index SS &&
      cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
-     git-update-index --add SS &&
+     git update-index --add SS &&
      echo extra >>SS &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '12 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index SS &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '12 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index SS &&
      cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
      echo extra >>SS &&
-     git-update-index --add SS &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add SS &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index MN &&
      cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
-     git-update-index --add MN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add MN &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index MN &&
      cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
-     git-update-index --add MN &&
+     git update-index --add MN &&
      echo extra >>MN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '14 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index NM &&
      cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
-     git-update-index --add NM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add NM &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '14 - may match B in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index NM &&
      cp .orig-B/NM NM &&
-     git-update-index --add NM &&
+     git update-index --add NM &&
      echo extra >>NM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NM &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index NM &&
      cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
-     git-update-index --add NM &&
+     git update-index --add NM &&
      echo extra >>NM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NM &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index NM &&
      cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
      echo extra >>NM &&
-     git-update-index --add NM &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add NM &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index NN &&
      cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
-     git-update-index --add NN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git update-index --add NN &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
 test_expect_success \
     '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' \
     "rm -f .git/index NN &&
      cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
-     git-update-index --add NN &&
+     git update-index --add NN &&
      echo extra >>NN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
      check_result"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    '15 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NN &&
+test_expect_success \
+    '15 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' "
+     rm -f .git/index NN &&
      cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
      echo extra >>NN &&
-     git-update-index --add NN &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
+     git update-index --add NN &&
+     test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+"
 
 # #16
 test_expect_success \
     '16 - A matches in one and B matches in another.' \
     'rm -f .git/index F16 &&
     echo F16 >F16 &&
-    git-update-index --add F16 &&
-    tree0=`git-write-tree` &&
+    git update-index --add F16 &&
+    tree0=`git write-tree` &&
     echo E16 >F16 &&
-    git-update-index F16 &&
-    tree1=`git-write-tree` &&
-    git-read-tree -m $tree0 $tree1 $tree1 $tree0 &&
-    git-ls-files --stage'
+    git update-index F16 &&
+    tree1=`git write-tree` &&
+    git read-tree -m $tree0 $tree1 $tree1 $tree0 &&
+    git ls-files --stage'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
index 030226bbfb..271bc4e17f 100755
--- a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ There is the head (called H) and another commit (called M), which is
 simply ahead of H.  The index and the work tree contains a state that
 is derived from H, but may also have local changes.  This test checks
 all the combinations described in the two-tree merge "carry forward"
-rules, found in <Documentation/git-read-tree.txt>.
+rules, found in <Documentation/git read-tree.txt>.
 
 In the test, these paths are used:
         bozbar  - in H, stays in M, modified from bozbar to gnusto
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ In the test, these paths are used:
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 read_tree_twoway () {
-    git-read-tree -m "$1" "$2" && git-ls-files --stage
+    git read-tree -m "$1" "$2" && git ls-files --stage
 }
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ compare_change () {
 	    -e '/^--- /d; /^+++ /d; /^@@ /d;' \
 	    -e 's/^\([-+][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$_x40"' /\1 X /p' \
 	    "$1"
-	git diff expected current
+	test_cmp expected current
 }
 
 check_cache_at () {
-	clean_if_empty=`git-diff-files -- "$1"`
+	clean_if_empty=`git diff-files -- "$1"`
 	case "$clean_if_empty" in
 	'')  echo "$1: clean" ;;
 	?*)  echo "$1: dirty" ;;
@@ -68,25 +68,25 @@ test_expect_success \
      cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
      echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
-     treeH=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeH $treeH &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH &&
 
      cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >M.out &&
-     treeM=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
+     git ls-files --stage >M.out &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeM $treeM &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeM &&
-     git-diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '1, 2, 3 - no carry forward' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
-     git diff M.out 1-3.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 1-3.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar dirty &&
      check_cache_at frotz dirty &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty'
@@ -96,109 +96,109 @@ echo '+100644 X 0	yomin' >expected
 test_expect_success \
     '4 - carry forward local addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     git-update-index --add yomin &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git update-index --add yomin &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >4.out || return 1
-     git diff M.out 4.out >4diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >4.out || return 1
+     git diff --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out
      compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin clean'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '5 - carry forward local addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git-update-index --add yomin &&
+     git update-index --add yomin &&
      echo yomin yomin >yomin &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >5.out || return 1
-     git diff M.out 5.out >5diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >5.out || return 1
+     git diff --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out
      compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin dirty'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '6 - local addition already has the same.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >6.out &&
-     git diff M.out 6.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >6.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 6.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz clean'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '7 - local addition already has the same.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >7.out &&
-     git diff M.out 7.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >7.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 7.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz dirty'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '8 - conflicting addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '9 - conflicting addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      echo frotz >frotz &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '10 - path removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >10.out &&
-     git diff M.out 10.out'
+     git ls-files --stage >10.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 10.out'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '11 - dirty path removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '12 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '13 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
@@ -210,93 +210,93 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     '14 - unchanged in two heads.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol &&
+     git update-index --add nitfol &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
-     git diff M.out 14.out >14diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
+     git diff --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out
      compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol clean'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '15 - unchanged in two heads.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol &&
+     git update-index --add nitfol &&
      echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
-     git diff M.out 15.out >15diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
+     git diff --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out
      compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '16 - conflicting local change.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '17 - conflicting local change.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo bozbar bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '18 - local change already having a good result.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >18.out &&
-     git diff M.out 18.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >18.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 18.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '19 - local change already having a good result, further modified.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >19.out &&
-     git diff M.out 19.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >19.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 19.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar dirty'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '20 - no local change, use new tree.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >20.out &&
-     git diff M.out 20.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >20.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 20.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar dirty'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '21 - no local change, dirty cache.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
@@ -304,10 +304,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '22 - local change cache updated.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
-     git-read-tree $treeH &&
-     git-checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+     git read-tree $treeH &&
+     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      sed -e "s/such as/SUCH AS/" bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 # Also make sure we did not break DF vs DF/DF case.
@@ -315,30 +315,81 @@ test_expect_success \
     'DF vs DF/DF case setup.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
      echo DF >DF &&
-     git-update-index --add DF &&
-     treeDF=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add DF &&
+     treeDF=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeDF $treeDF &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeDF &&
+     git ls-tree $treeDF &&
 
      rm -f DF &&
      mkdir DF &&
      echo DF/DF >DF/DF &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
-     treeDFDF=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
+     treeDFDF=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeDFDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >DFDF.out'
+     git ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
+     git ls-files --stage >DFDF.out'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'DF vs DF/DF case test.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
      rm -fr DF &&
      echo DF >DF &&
-     git-update-index --add DF &&
+     git update-index --add DF &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
-     git diff DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
+     git ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
+     test_cmp DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
      check_cache_at DF/DF dirty &&
      :'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b (untracked) vs a case setup.' \
+    'rm -f .git/index &&
+     : >a &&
+     git update-index --add a &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeM $treeM &&
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+     rm -f a &&
+     git update-index --remove a &&
+     mkdir a &&
+     : >a/b &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeH $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b (untracked) vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
+    '! git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+     git ls-files --stage &&
+     test -f a/b'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case setup.' \
+    'rm -f .git/index &&
+     rm -fr a &&
+     : >a &&
+     mkdir c &&
+     : >c/d &&
+     git update-index --add a c/d &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeM $treeM &&
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+     rm -f a &&
+     mkdir a
+     : >a/b &&
+     git update-index --add --remove a a/b &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeH $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
+    'git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+     git ls-files --stage | tee >treeMcheck.out &&
+     test_cmp treeM.out treeMcheck.out'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
index 87fe993f59..5e40cec530 100755
--- a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
@@ -14,13 +14,15 @@ _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 compare_change () {
 	sed >current \
+	    -e '1{/^diff --git /d;}' \
+	    -e '2{/^index /d;}' \
 	    -e '/^--- /d; /^+++ /d; /^@@ /d;' \
 	    -e 's/^\(.[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$_x40"' /\1 X /' "$1"
-	git diff expected current
+	test_cmp expected current
 }
 
 check_cache_at () {
-	clean_if_empty=`git-diff-files -- "$1"`
+	clean_if_empty=`git diff-files -- "$1"`
 	case "$clean_if_empty" in
 	'')  echo "$1: clean" ;;
 	?*)  echo "$1: dirty" ;;
@@ -39,26 +41,26 @@ test_expect_success \
      echo nitfol >nitfol &&
      echo bozbar >bozbar &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
-     treeH=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeH $treeH &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH &&
 
      echo gnusto >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >M.out &&
-     treeM=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
+     git ls-files --stage >M.out &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeM $treeM &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >M.sum &&
-     git-diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
+     git diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '1, 2, 3 - no carry forward' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
      cmp M.out 1-3.out &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual3.sum &&
      cmp M.sum actual3.sum &&
@@ -69,13 +71,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '4 - carry forward local addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo "+100644 X 0	yomin" >expected &&
      echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git-update-index --add yomin &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >4.out || return 1
-     diff -U0 M.out 4.out >4diff.out
+     git update-index --add yomin &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >4.out || return 1
+     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out
      compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin clean &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual4.sum &&
@@ -87,14 +89,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '5 - carry forward local addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH &&
      echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git-update-index --add yomin &&
+     git update-index --add yomin &&
      echo yomin yomin >yomin &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >5.out || return 1
-     diff -U0 M.out 5.out >5diff.out
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >5.out || return 1
+     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out
      compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin dirty &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual5.sum &&
@@ -107,12 +109,12 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '6 - local addition already has the same.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >6.out &&
-     diff -U0 M.out 6.out &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >6.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 6.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz clean &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual3.sum &&
      cmp M.sum actual3.sum &&
@@ -123,13 +125,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '7 - local addition already has the same.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >7.out &&
-     diff -U0 M.out 7.out &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >7.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 7.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz dirty &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual7.sum &&
      if cmp M.sum actual7.sum; then false; else :; fi &&
@@ -141,28 +143,28 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '8 - conflicting addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '9 - conflicting addition.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git-update-index --add frotz &&
+     git update-index --add frotz &&
      echo frotz >frotz &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '10 - path removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >10.out &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >10.out &&
      cmp M.out 10.out &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual10.sum &&
      cmp M.sum actual10.sum'
@@ -170,28 +172,28 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '11 - dirty path removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '12 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '13 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
      echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
 -100644 X 0	nitfol
@@ -201,12 +203,12 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     '14 - unchanged in two heads.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
-     diff -U0 M.out 14.out >14diff.out
+     git update-index --add nitfol &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
+     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out
      compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
      sum bozbar frotz >actual14.sum &&
      grep -v nitfol M.sum > expected14.sum &&
@@ -221,13 +223,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '15 - unchanged in two heads.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git-update-index --add nitfol &&
+     git update-index --add nitfol &&
      echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
-     diff -U0 M.out 15.out >15diff.out
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
+     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out
      compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty &&
      sum bozbar frotz >actual15.sum &&
@@ -242,29 +244,29 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '16 - conflicting local change.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '17 - conflicting local change.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo bozbar bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '18 - local change already having a good result.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo gnusto >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >18.out &&
-     diff -U0 M.out 18.out &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >18.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 18.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual18.sum &&
      cmp M.sum actual18.sum'
@@ -272,13 +274,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '19 - local change already having a good result, further modified.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo gnusto >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >19.out &&
-     diff -U0 M.out 19.out &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >19.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 19.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar dirty &&
      sum frotz nitfol >actual19.sum &&
      grep -v bozbar  M.sum > expected19.sum &&
@@ -292,12 +294,12 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '20 - no local change, use new tree.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >20.out &&
-     diff -U0 M.out 20.out &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >20.out &&
+     test_cmp M.out 20.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean &&
      sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual20.sum &&
      cmp M.sum actual20.sum'
@@ -305,40 +307,40 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     '21 - no local change, dirty cache.' \
     'rm -f .git/index nitfol bozbar rezrov frotz &&
-     git-read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
+     git read-tree --reset -u $treeH &&
      echo bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git-update-index --add bozbar &&
+     git update-index --add bozbar &&
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
-     if git-read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+     if git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
 # Also make sure we did not break DF vs DF/DF case.
 test_expect_success \
     'DF vs DF/DF case setup.' \
     'rm -f .git/index
      echo DF >DF &&
-     git-update-index --add DF &&
-     treeDF=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add DF &&
+     treeDF=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeDF $treeDF &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeDF &&
+     git ls-tree $treeDF &&
 
      rm -f DF &&
      mkdir DF &&
      echo DF/DF >DF/DF &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
-     treeDFDF=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
+     treeDFDF=`git write-tree` &&
      echo treeDFDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >DFDF.out'
+     git ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
+     git ls-files --stage >DFDF.out'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'DF vs DF/DF case test.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
      rm -fr DF &&
      echo DF >DF &&
-     git-update-index --add DF &&
-     git-read-tree -m -u $treeDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git-ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
-     diff -U0 DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
+     git update-index --add DF &&
+     git read-tree -m -u $treeDF $treeDFDF &&
+     git ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
+     test_cmp DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
      check_cache_at DF/DF clean'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1003-read-tree-prefix.sh b/t/t1003-read-tree-prefix.sh
index 48ab117d75..8c6d67edda 100755
--- a/t/t1003-read-tree-prefix.sh
+++ b/t/t1003-read-tree-prefix.sh
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-read-tree --prefix test.
+test_description='git read-tree --prefix test.
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo hello >one &&
-	git-update-index --add one &&
-	tree=`git-write-tree` &&
+	git update-index --add one &&
+	tree=`git write-tree` &&
 	echo tree is $tree
 '
 
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ echo 'one
 two/one' >expect
 
 test_expect_success 'read-tree --prefix' '
-	git-read-tree --prefix=two/ $tree &&
-	git-ls-files >actual &&
+	git read-tree --prefix=two/ $tree &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
index c11420a8b6..f19b4a2a4a 100755
--- a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
+++ b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ test_expect_success 'three-way not complaining on an untracked path in both' '
 	echo >file2 file two is untracked on the master side &&
 	echo >subdir/file2 file two is untracked on the master side &&
 
-	git-read-tree -m -u branch-point master side
+	git read-tree -m -u branch-point master side
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'three-way not clobbering a working tree file' '
@@ -116,4 +116,126 @@ test_expect_success 'three-way not complaining on an untracked file' '
 	git read-tree -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore branch-point master side
 '
 
+test_expect_success '3-way not overwriting local changes (setup)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b side-a branch-point &&
+	echo >>file1 "new line to be kept in the merge result" &&
+	git commit -a -m "side-a changes file1" &&
+	git checkout -b side-b branch-point &&
+	echo >>file2 "new line to be kept in the merge result" &&
+	git commit -a -m "side-b changes file2" &&
+	git checkout side-a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3-way not overwriting local changes (our side)' '
+
+	# At this point, file1 from side-a should be kept as side-b
+	# did not touch it.
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo >>file1 "local changes" &&
+	git read-tree -m -u branch-point side-a side-b &&
+	grep "new line to be kept" file1 &&
+	grep "local changes" file1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3-way not overwriting local changes (their side)' '
+
+	# At this point, file2 from side-b should be taken as side-a
+	# did not touch it.
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo >>file2 "local changes" &&
+	test_must_fail git read-tree -m -u branch-point side-a side-b &&
+	! grep "new line to be kept" file2 &&
+	grep "local changes" file2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'funny symlink in work tree' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b sym-b side-b &&
+	mkdir -p a &&
+	>a/b &&
+	git add a/b &&
+	git commit -m "side adds a/b" &&
+
+	rm -fr a &&
+	git checkout -b sym-a side-a &&
+	mkdir -p a &&
+	ln -s ../b a/b &&
+	git add a/b &&
+	git commit -m "we add a/b" &&
+
+	git read-tree -m -u sym-a sym-a sym-b
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
+
+	rm -fr a b &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	git checkout sym-a &&
+	chmod a-w a &&
+	test_must_fail git read-tree -m -u sym-a sym-a sym-b
+
+'
+
+# clean-up from the above test
+chmod a+w a 2>/dev/null
+rm -fr a b
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F setup' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	git checkout side-a &&
+	rm -f subdir/file2 &&
+	mkdir subdir/file2 &&
+	echo qfwfq >subdir/file2/another &&
+	git add subdir/file2/another &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "side-a changes file2 to directory"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F' '
+
+	git checkout side-b &&
+	git read-tree -m -u branch-point side-b side-a &&
+	git ls-files -u >actual &&
+	(
+		a=$(git rev-parse branch-point:subdir/file2)
+		b=$(git rev-parse side-a:subdir/file2/another)
+		echo "100644 $a 1	subdir/file2"
+		echo "100644 $a 2	subdir/file2"
+		echo "100644 $b 3	subdir/file2/another"
+	) >expect &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F resolve' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout side-b &&
+	git merge-resolve branch-point -- side-b side-a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F recursive' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout side-b &&
+	git merge-recursive branch-point -- side-b side-a
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh b/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..849911683a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='read-tree -u --reset'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# two-tree test
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+  git init &&
+  mkdir df &&
+  echo content >df/file &&
+  git add df/file &&
+  git commit -m one &&
+  git ls-files >expect &&
+  rm -rf df &&
+  echo content >df &&
+  git add df &&
+  echo content >new &&
+  git add new &&
+  git commit -m two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset should work' '
+  git read-tree -u --reset HEAD^ &&
+  git ls-files >actual &&
+  test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset should remove remnants from a failed merge' '
+  git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >expect &&
+  sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
+  (
+	echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+	echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
+  ) | git update-index --index-info &&
+  >old &&
+  git ls-files -s &&
+  git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >actual &&
+  ! test -f old
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Porcelain reset should remove remnants too' '
+  git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >expect &&
+  sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
+  (
+	echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+	echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
+  ) | git update-index --index-info &&
+  >old &&
+  git ls-files -s &&
+  git reset --hard &&
+  git ls-files -s >actual &&
+  ! test -f old
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Porcelain checkout -f should remove remnants too' '
+  git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >expect &&
+  sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
+  (
+	echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+	echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
+  ) | git update-index --index-info &&
+  >old &&
+  git ls-files -s &&
+  git checkout -f &&
+  git ls-files -s >actual &&
+  ! test -f old
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Porcelain checkout -f HEAD should remove remnants too' '
+  git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >expect &&
+  sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
+  (
+	echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+	echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
+  ) | git update-index --index-info &&
+  >old &&
+  git ls-files -s &&
+  git checkout -f HEAD &&
+  git ls-files -s >actual &&
+  ! test -f old
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1006-cat-file.sh b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d8b7f2ffbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git cat-file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+echo_without_newline () {
+    printf '%s' "$*"
+}
+
+strlen () {
+    echo_without_newline "$1" | wc -c | sed -e 's/^ *//'
+}
+
+maybe_remove_timestamp () {
+    if test -z "$2"; then
+        echo_without_newline "$1"
+    else
+	echo_without_newline "$(printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -e 's/ [0-9][0-9]* [-+][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]$//')"
+    fi
+}
+
+run_tests () {
+    type=$1
+    sha1=$2
+    size=$3
+    content=$4
+    pretty_content=$5
+    no_ts=$6
+
+    batch_output="$sha1 $type $size
+$content"
+
+    test_expect_success "$type exists" '
+	git cat-file -e $sha1
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Type of $type is correct" '
+        test $type = "$(git cat-file -t $sha1)"
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Size of $type is correct" '
+        test $size = "$(git cat-file -s $sha1)"
+    '
+
+    test -z "$content" ||
+    test_expect_success "Content of $type is correct" '
+	expect="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$content" $no_ts)"
+	actual="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$(git cat-file $type $sha1)" $no_ts)"
+
+        if test "z$expect" = "z$actual"
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Oops: expected $expect"
+		echo "but got $actual"
+		false
+        fi
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Pretty content of $type is correct" '
+	expect="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$pretty_content" $no_ts)"
+	actual="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$(git cat-file -p $sha1)" $no_ts)"
+        if test "z$expect" = "z$actual"
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Oops: expected $expect"
+		echo "but got $actual"
+		false
+        fi
+    '
+
+    test -z "$content" ||
+    test_expect_success "--batch output of $type is correct" '
+	expect="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$batch_output" $no_ts)"
+	actual="$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$(echo $sha1 | git cat-file --batch)" $no_ts)"
+        if test "z$expect" = "z$actual"
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Oops: expected $expect"
+		echo "but got $actual"
+		false
+        fi
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "--batch-check output of $type is correct" '
+	expect="$sha1 $type $size"
+	actual="$(echo_without_newline $sha1 | git cat-file --batch-check)"
+        if test "z$expect" = "z$actual"
+	then
+		: happy
+	else
+		echo "Oops: expected $expect"
+		echo "but got $actual"
+		false
+        fi
+    '
+}
+
+hello_content="Hello World"
+hello_size=$(strlen "$hello_content")
+hello_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$hello_content" | git hash-object --stdin)
+
+test_expect_success "setup" '
+	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" > hello &&
+	git update-index --add hello
+'
+
+run_tests 'blob' $hello_sha1 $hello_size "$hello_content" "$hello_content"
+
+tree_sha1=$(git write-tree)
+tree_size=33
+tree_pretty_content="100644 blob $hello_sha1	hello"
+
+run_tests 'tree' $tree_sha1 $tree_size "" "$tree_pretty_content"
+
+commit_message="Intial commit"
+commit_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$commit_message" | git commit-tree $tree_sha1)
+commit_size=176
+commit_content="tree $tree_sha1
+author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 0000000000 +0000
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 0000000000 +0000
+
+$commit_message"
+
+run_tests 'commit' $commit_sha1 $commit_size "$commit_content" "$commit_content" 1
+
+tag_header_without_timestamp="object $hello_sha1
+type blob
+tag hellotag
+tagger $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+tag_description="This is a tag"
+tag_content="$tag_header_without_timestamp 0000000000 +0000
+
+$tag_description"
+tag_pretty_content="$tag_header_without_timestamp Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+
+$tag_description"
+
+tag_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$tag_content" | git mktag)
+tag_size=$(strlen "$tag_content")
+
+run_tests 'tag' $tag_sha1 $tag_size "$tag_content" "$tag_pretty_content" 1
+
+test_expect_success \
+    "Reach a blob from a tag pointing to it" \
+    "test '$hello_content' = \"\$(git cat-file blob $tag_sha1)\""
+
+for batch in batch batch-check
+do
+    for opt in t s e p
+    do
+	test_expect_success "Passing -$opt with --$batch fails" '
+	    test_must_fail git cat-file --$batch -$opt $hello_sha1
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "Passing --$batch with -$opt fails" '
+	    test_must_fail git cat-file -$opt --$batch $hello_sha1
+	'
+    done
+
+    test_expect_success "Passing <type> with --$batch fails" '
+	test_must_fail git cat-file --$batch blob $hello_sha1
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Passing --$batch with <type> fails" '
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob --$batch $hello_sha1
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Passing sha1 with --$batch fails" '
+	test_must_fail git cat-file --$batch $hello_sha1
+    '
+done
+
+test_expect_success "--batch-check for a non-existent named object" '
+    test "foobar42 missing
+foobar84 missing" = \
+    "$( ( echo foobar42; echo_without_newline foobar84; ) | git cat-file --batch-check)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--batch-check for a non-existent hash" '
+    test "0000000000000000000000000000000000000042 missing
+0000000000000000000000000000000000000084 missing" = \
+    "$( ( echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000042;
+         echo_without_newline 0000000000000000000000000000000000000084; ) \
+       | git cat-file --batch-check)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--batch for an existent and a non-existent hash" '
+    test "$tag_sha1 tag $tag_size
+$tag_content
+0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 missing" = \
+    "$( ( echo $tag_sha1;
+         echo_without_newline 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000; ) \
+       | git cat-file --batch)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--batch-check for an emtpy line" '
+    test " missing" = "$(echo | git cat-file --batch-check)"
+'
+
+batch_input="$hello_sha1
+$commit_sha1
+$tag_sha1
+deadbeef
+
+"
+
+batch_output="$hello_sha1 blob $hello_size
+$hello_content
+$commit_sha1 commit $commit_size
+$commit_content
+$tag_sha1 tag $tag_size
+$tag_content
+deadbeef missing
+ missing"
+
+test_expect_success '--batch with multiple sha1s gives correct format' '
+	test "$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$batch_output" 1)" = "$(maybe_remove_timestamp "$(echo_without_newline "$batch_input" | git cat-file --batch)" 1)"
+'
+
+batch_check_input="$hello_sha1
+$tree_sha1
+$commit_sha1
+$tag_sha1
+deadbeef
+
+"
+
+batch_check_output="$hello_sha1 blob $hello_size
+$tree_sha1 tree $tree_size
+$commit_sha1 commit $commit_size
+$tag_sha1 tag $tag_size
+deadbeef missing
+ missing"
+
+test_expect_success "--batch-check with multiple sha1s gives correct format" '
+    test "$batch_check_output" = \
+    "$(echo_without_newline "$batch_check_input" | git cat-file --batch-check)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fd98e445bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="git hash-object"
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+echo_without_newline() {
+	printf '%s' "$*"
+}
+
+test_blob_does_not_exist() {
+	test_expect_success 'blob does not exist in database' "
+		test_must_fail git cat-file blob $1
+	"
+}
+
+test_blob_exists() {
+	test_expect_success 'blob exists in database' "
+		git cat-file blob $1
+	"
+}
+
+hello_content="Hello World"
+hello_sha1=5e1c309dae7f45e0f39b1bf3ac3cd9db12e7d689
+
+example_content="This is an example"
+example_sha1=ddd3f836d3e3fbb7ae289aa9ae83536f76956399
+
+setup_repo() {
+	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" > hello
+	echo_without_newline "$example_content" > example
+}
+
+test_repo=test
+push_repo() {
+	test_create_repo $test_repo
+	cd $test_repo
+
+	setup_repo
+}
+
+pop_repo() {
+	cd ..
+	rm -rf $test_repo
+}
+
+setup_repo
+
+# Argument checking
+
+test_expect_success "multiple '--stdin's are rejected" '
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Can't use --stdin and --stdin-paths together" '
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin --stdin-paths &&
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin-paths --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Can't pass filenames as arguments with --stdin-paths" '
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin-paths hello
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Can't use --path with --stdin-paths" '
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin-paths --path=foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Can't use --stdin-paths with --no-filters" '
+	echo example | test_must_fail git hash-object --stdin-paths --no-filters
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Can't use --path with --no-filters" '
+	test_must_fail git hash-object --no-filters --path=foo
+'
+
+# Behavior
+
+push_repo
+
+test_expect_success 'hash a file' '
+	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object hello)
+'
+
+test_blob_does_not_exist $hello_sha1
+
+test_expect_success 'hash from stdin' '
+	test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object --stdin < example)
+'
+
+test_blob_does_not_exist $example_sha1
+
+test_expect_success 'hash a file and write to database' '
+	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object -w hello)
+'
+
+test_blob_exists $hello_sha1
+
+test_expect_success 'git hash-object --stdin file1 <file0 first operates on file0, then file1' '
+	echo foo > file1 &&
+	obname0=$(echo bar | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	obname1=$(git hash-object file1) &&
+	obname0new=$(echo bar | git hash-object --stdin file1 | sed -n -e 1p) &&
+	obname1new=$(echo bar | git hash-object --stdin file1 | sed -n -e 2p) &&
+	test "$obname0" = "$obname0new" &&
+	test "$obname1" = "$obname1new"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that appropriate filter is invoke when --path is used' '
+	echo fooQ | tr Q "\\015" >file0 &&
+	cp file0 file1 &&
+	echo "file0 -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "file1 crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	file0_sha=$(git hash-object file0) &&
+	file1_sha=$(git hash-object file1) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha" &&
+	path1_sha=$(git hash-object --path=file1 file0) &&
+	path0_sha=$(git hash-object --path=file0 file1) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$path0_sha" &&
+	test "$file1_sha" = "$path1_sha" &&
+	path1_sha=$(cat file0 | git hash-object --path=file1 --stdin) &&
+	path0_sha=$(cat file1 | git hash-object --path=file0 --stdin) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$path0_sha" &&
+	test "$file1_sha" = "$path1_sha" &&
+	git config --unset core.autocrlf
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that --no-filters option works' '
+	echo fooQ | tr Q "\\015" >file0 &&
+	cp file0 file1 &&
+	echo "file0 -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "file1 crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	file0_sha=$(git hash-object file0) &&
+	file1_sha=$(git hash-object file1) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha" &&
+	nofilters_file1=$(git hash-object --no-filters file1) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1" &&
+	nofilters_file1=$(cat file1 | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1" &&
+	git config --unset core.autocrlf
+'
+
+pop_repo
+
+for args in "-w --stdin" "--stdin -w"; do
+	push_repo
+
+	test_expect_success "hash from stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+		test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object $args < example)
+	'
+
+	test_blob_exists $example_sha1
+
+	pop_repo
+done
+
+filenames="hello
+example"
+
+sha1s="$hello_sha1
+$example_sha1"
+
+test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin" '
+	test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object --stdin-paths)"
+'
+
+for args in "-w --stdin-paths" "--stdin-paths -w"; do
+	push_repo
+
+	test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+		test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object $args)"
+	'
+
+	test_blob_exists $hello_sha1
+	test_blob_exists $example_sha1
+
+	pop_repo
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f9e00285db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test multi-tree read-tree without merging'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo one >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	echo two >b &&
+	git add b &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git checkout -b side initial &&
+	echo three >a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	echo four >b/c &&
+	git add b/c &&
+	git commit -m third
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multi-read' '
+	git read-tree initial master side &&
+	(echo a; echo b/c) >expect &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t1010-mktree.sh b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9956e3ad62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git mktree'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for d in a a. a0
+	do
+		mkdir "$d" && echo "$d/one" >"$d/one" &&
+		git add "$d"
+	done &&
+	echo zero >one &&
+	git update-index --add --info-only one &&
+	git write-tree --missing-ok >tree.missing &&
+	git ls-tree $(cat tree.missing) >top.missing &&
+	git ls-tree -r $(cat tree.missing) >all.missing &&
+	echo one >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git write-tree >tree &&
+	git ls-tree $(cat tree) >top &&
+	git ls-tree -r $(cat tree) >all &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -q -m one &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $H sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -q -m two &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^{tree} >tree.withsub &&
+	git ls-tree HEAD >top.withsub &&
+	git ls-tree -r HEAD >all.withsub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree piped to mktree (1)' '
+	git mktree <top >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree piped to mktree (2)' '
+	git mktree <top.withsub >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (1)' '
+	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top |
+	git mktree >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (2)' '
+	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top.withsub |
+	git mktree >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow missing object with --missing' '
+	git mktree --missing <top.missing >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.missing actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mktree reads ls-tree -r output (1)' '
+	git mktree <all >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mktree reads ls-tree -r output (2)' '
+	git mktree <all.withsub >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
index 1e8f9e59df..210e594f6f 100755
--- a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
+++ b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
@@ -21,113 +21,113 @@ LF='
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index and ls-files' '
-	cd $HERE &&
-	git-update-index --add one &&
-	case "`git-ls-files`" in
+	cd "$HERE" &&
+	git update-index --add one &&
+	case "`git ls-files`" in
 	one) echo ok one ;;
 	*) echo bad one; exit 1 ;;
 	esac &&
 	cd dir &&
-	git-update-index --add two &&
-	case "`git-ls-files`" in
+	git update-index --add two &&
+	case "`git ls-files`" in
 	two) echo ok two ;;
 	*) echo bad two; exit 1 ;;
 	esac &&
 	cd .. &&
-	case "`git-ls-files`" in
+	case "`git ls-files`" in
 	dir/two"$LF"one) echo ok both ;;
 	*) echo bad; exit 1 ;;
 	esac
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cat-file' '
-	cd $HERE &&
-	two=`git-ls-files -s dir/two` &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
+	two=`git ls-files -s dir/two` &&
 	two=`expr "$two" : "[0-7]* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)"` &&
 	echo "$two" &&
-	git-cat-file -p "$two" >actual &&
+	git cat-file -p "$two" >actual &&
 	cmp dir/two actual &&
 	cd dir &&
-	git-cat-file -p "$two" >actual &&
+	git cat-file -p "$two" >actual &&
 	cmp two actual
 '
 rm -f actual dir/actual
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-files' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	echo a >>one &&
 	echo d >>dir/two &&
-	case "`git-diff-files --name-only`" in
+	case "`git diff-files --name-only`" in
 	dir/two"$LF"one) echo ok top ;;
 	*) echo bad top; exit 1 ;;
 	esac &&
 	# diff should not omit leading paths
 	cd dir &&
-	case "`git-diff-files --name-only`" in
+	case "`git diff-files --name-only`" in
 	dir/two"$LF"one) echo ok subdir ;;
 	*) echo bad subdir; exit 1 ;;
 	esac &&
-	case "`git-diff-files --name-only .`" in
+	case "`git diff-files --name-only .`" in
 	dir/two) echo ok subdir limited ;;
 	*) echo bad subdir limited; exit 1 ;;
 	esac
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'write-tree' '
-	cd $HERE &&
-	top=`git-write-tree` &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
+	top=`git write-tree` &&
 	echo $top &&
 	cd dir &&
-	sub=`git-write-tree` &&
+	sub=`git write-tree` &&
 	echo $sub &&
 	test "z$top" = "z$sub"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout-index' '
-	cd $HERE &&
-	git-checkout-index -f -u one &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
+	git checkout-index -f -u one &&
 	cmp one original.one &&
 	cd dir &&
-	git-checkout-index -f -u two &&
+	git checkout-index -f -u two &&
 	cmp two ../original.two
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'read-tree' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	rm -f one dir/two &&
-	tree=`git-write-tree` &&
-	git-read-tree --reset -u "$tree" &&
+	tree=`git write-tree` &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u "$tree" &&
 	cmp one original.one &&
 	cmp dir/two original.two &&
 	cd dir &&
 	rm -f two &&
-	git-read-tree --reset -u "$tree" &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u "$tree" &&
 	cmp two ../original.two &&
 	cmp ../one ../original.one
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside .git' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	git commit -a -m 1 &&
-	cd $HERE/.git &&
+	cd "$HERE"/.git &&
 	git show -s HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	git clone -s --bare .git foo.git &&
 	cd foo.git && GIT_DIR=. git show -s HEAD
 '
 
 # This still does not work as it should...
 : test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	git clone -s --bare .git foo.git &&
 	cd foo.git && git show -s HEAD
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'detection should not be fooled by a symlink' '
-	cd $HERE &&
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'detection should not be fooled by a symlink' '
+	cd "$HERE" &&
 	rm -fr foo.git &&
 	git clone -s .git another &&
 	ln -s another yetanother &&
diff --git a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
index 19a0ed4d20..c4414ff576 100755
--- a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
+++ b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2005 Rene Scharfe
 #
 
-test_description='git-commit-tree options test
+test_description='git commit-tree options test
 
-This test checks that git-commit-tree can create a specific commit
+This test checks that git commit-tree can create a specific commit
 object by defining all environment variables that it understands.
 '
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'test preparation: write empty tree' \
-    'git-write-tree >treeid'
+    'git write-tree >treeid'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'construct commit' \
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ test_expect_success \
      GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Committer Name" \
      GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="committer@email" \
      GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     TZ=GMT git-commit-tree `cat treeid` >commitid 2>/dev/null'
+     TZ=GMT git commit-tree `cat treeid` >commitid 2>/dev/null'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'read commit' \
-    'git-cat-file commit `cat commitid` >commit'
+    'git cat-file commit `cat commitid` >commit'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'compare commit' \
-    'diff expected commit'
+    'test_cmp expected commit'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
index ca2c30f7af..67e637b781 100755
--- a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
+++ b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ test_description='A simple turial in the form of a test case'
 echo "Hello World" > hello
 echo "Silly example" > example
 
-git-update-index --add hello example
+git update-index --add hello example
 
-test_expect_success 'blob' "test blob = \"$(git-cat-file -t 557db03)\""
+test_expect_success 'blob' "test blob = \"$(git cat-file -t 557db03)\""
 
-test_expect_success 'blob 557db03' "test \"Hello World\" = \"$(git-cat-file blob 557db03)\""
+test_expect_success 'blob 557db03' "test \"Hello World\" = \"$(git cat-file blob 557db03)\""
 
 echo "It's a new day for git" >>hello
 cat > diff.expect << EOF
@@ -26,25 +26,25 @@ index 557db03..263414f 100644
  Hello World
 +It's a new day for git
 EOF
-git-diff-files -p > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-files -p' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
+git diff-files -p > diff.output
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files -p' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
 git diff > diff.output
 test_expect_success 'git diff' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
 
-tree=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null)
+tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 
 test_expect_success 'tree' "test 8988da15d077d4829fc51d8544c097def6644dbb = $tree"
 
-output="$(echo "Initial commit" | git-commit-tree $(git-write-tree) 2>&1 > .git/refs/heads/master)"
+output="$(echo "Initial commit" | git commit-tree $(git write-tree) 2>&1 > .git/refs/heads/master)"
 
-git-diff-index -p HEAD > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-index -p HEAD' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
+git diff-index -p HEAD > diff.output
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index -p HEAD' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
 
 git diff HEAD > diff.output
 test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
 
 #rm hello
-#test_expect_success 'git-read-tree --reset HEAD' "git-read-tree --reset HEAD ; test \"hello: needs update\" = \"$(git-update-index --refresh)\""
+#test_expect_success 'git read-tree --reset HEAD' "git read-tree --reset HEAD ; test \"hello: needs update\" = \"$(git update-index --refresh)\""
 
 cat > whatchanged.expect << EOF
 commit VARIABLE
@@ -69,16 +69,16 @@ index 0000000..557db03
 +Hello World
 EOF
 
-git-whatchanged -p --root | \
+git whatchanged -p --root | \
 	sed -e "1s/^\(.\{7\}\).\{40\}/\1VARIABLE/" \
 		-e "2,3s/^\(.\{8\}\).*$/\1VARIABLE/" \
 > whatchanged.output
-test_expect_success 'git-whatchanged -p --root' 'cmp whatchanged.expect whatchanged.output'
+test_expect_success 'git whatchanged -p --root' 'cmp whatchanged.expect whatchanged.output'
 
 git tag my-first-tag
 test_expect_success 'git tag my-first-tag' 'cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/tags/my-first-tag'
 
-# TODO: test git-clone
+# TODO: test git clone
 
 git checkout -b mybranch
 test_expect_success 'git checkout -b mybranch' 'cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/mybranch'
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ echo "Play, play, play" >>hello
 echo "Lots of fun" >>example
 git commit -m 'Some fun.' -i hello example
 
-test_expect_failure 'git resolve now fails' '
-	git merge -m "Merge work in mybranch" mybranch
+test_expect_success 'git resolve now fails' '
+	test_must_fail git merge -m "Merge work in mybranch" mybranch
 '
 
 cat > hello << EOF
@@ -156,7 +156,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git show-branch' 'cmp show-branch2.expect show-branch2.outp
 
 test_expect_success 'git repack' 'git repack'
 test_expect_success 'git prune-packed' 'git prune-packed'
-test_expect_failure '-> only packed objects' 'find -type f .git/objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+test_expect_success '-> only packed objects' '
+	! find -type f .git/objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]
+'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
index 78c2e0864f..8c43dcde8a 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Johannes Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='Test git-config in different settings'
+test_description='Test git config in different settings'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test -f .git/config && rm .git/config
 
-git-config core.penguin "little blue"
+git config core.penguin "little blue"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'initial' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config Core.Movie BadPhysics
+git config Core.Movie BadPhysics
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'mixed case' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config Cores.WhatEver Second
+git config Cores.WhatEver Second
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'similar section' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config CORE.UPPERCASE true
+git config CORE.UPPERCASE true
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'similar section' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
 test_expect_success 'replace with non-match' \
-	'git-config core.penguin kingpin !blue'
+	'git config core.penguin kingpin !blue'
 
 test_expect_success 'replace with non-match (actually matching)' \
-	'git-config core.penguin "very blue" !kingpin'
+	'git config core.penguin "very blue" !kingpin'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -71,6 +71,25 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'non-match result' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
+cat > .git/config <<\EOF
+[alpha]
+bar = foo
+[beta]
+baz = multiple \
+lines
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines' \
+	'git config --unset beta.baz'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+[alpha]
+bar = foo
+[beta]
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines is correct' 'cmp .git/config expect'
+
 cat > .git/config << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
 noIndent= sillyValue ; 'nother silly comment
@@ -86,7 +105,7 @@ EOF
 cp .git/config .git/config2
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple unset' \
-	'git-config --unset-all beta.haha'
+	'git config --unset-all beta.haha'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -99,10 +118,17 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple unset is correct' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-mv .git/config2 .git/config
+cp .git/config2 .git/config
+
+test_expect_success '--replace-all missing value' '
+	test_must_fail git config --replace-all beta.haha &&
+	test_cmp .git/config2 .git/config
+'
+
+rm .git/config2
 
 test_expect_success '--replace-all' \
-	'git-config --replace-all beta.haha gamma'
+	'git config --replace-all beta.haha gamma'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -116,7 +142,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'all replaced' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config beta.haha alpha
+git config beta.haha alpha
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -130,7 +156,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'really mean test' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config nextsection.nonewline wow
+git config nextsection.nonewline wow
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -145,8 +171,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'really really mean test' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-test_expect_success 'get value' 'test alpha = $(git-config beta.haha)'
-git-config --unset beta.haha
+test_expect_success 'get value' 'test alpha = $(git config beta.haha)'
+git config --unset beta.haha
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -160,7 +186,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'unset' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config nextsection.NoNewLine "wow2 for me" "for me$"
+git config nextsection.NoNewLine "wow2 for me" "for me$"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -176,18 +202,19 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'multivar' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
 test_expect_success 'non-match' \
-	'git-config --get nextsection.nonewline !for'
+	'git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for'
 
 test_expect_success 'non-match value' \
-	'test wow = $(git-config --get nextsection.nonewline !for)'
+	'test wow = $(git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for)'
 
-test_expect_failure 'ambiguous get' \
-	'git-config --get nextsection.nonewline'
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous get' '
+	test_must_fail git config --get nextsection.nonewline
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'get multivar' \
-	'git-config --get-all nextsection.nonewline'
+	'git config --get-all nextsection.nonewline'
 
-git-config nextsection.nonewline "wow3" "wow$"
+git config nextsection.nonewline "wow3" "wow$"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -202,15 +229,19 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'multivar replace' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-test_expect_failure 'ambiguous value' 'git-config nextsection.nonewline'
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous value' '
+	test_must_fail git config nextsection.nonewline
+'
 
-test_expect_failure 'ambiguous unset' \
-	'git-config --unset nextsection.nonewline'
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous unset' '
+	test_must_fail git config --unset nextsection.nonewline
+'
 
-test_expect_failure 'invalid unset' \
-	'git-config --unset somesection.nonewline'
+test_expect_success 'invalid unset' '
+	test_must_fail git config --unset somesection.nonewline
+'
 
-git-config --unset nextsection.nonewline "wow3$"
+git config --unset nextsection.nonewline "wow3$"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -224,12 +255,12 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'multivar unset' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-test_expect_failure 'invalid key' 'git-config inval.2key blabla'
+test_expect_success 'invalid key' 'test_must_fail git config inval.2key blabla'
 
-test_expect_success 'correct key' 'git-config 123456.a123 987'
+test_expect_success 'correct key' 'git config 123456.a123 987'
 
 test_expect_success 'hierarchical section' \
-	'git-config Version.1.2.3eX.Alpha beta'
+	'git config Version.1.2.3eX.Alpha beta'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -255,7 +286,7 @@ version.1.2.3eX.alpha=beta
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'working --list' \
-	'git-config --list > output && cmp output expect'
+	'git config --list > output && cmp output expect'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 beta.noindent sillyValue
@@ -263,9 +294,9 @@ nextsection.nonewline wow2 for me
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--get-regexp' \
-	'git-config --get-regexp in > output && cmp output expect'
+	'git config --get-regexp in > output && cmp output expect'
 
-git-config --add nextsection.nonewline "wow4 for you"
+git config --add nextsection.nonewline "wow4 for you"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 wow2 for me
@@ -273,27 +304,56 @@ wow4 for you
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--add' \
-	'git-config --get-all nextsection.nonewline > output && cmp output expect'
+	'git config --get-all nextsection.nonewline > output && cmp output expect'
 
 cat > .git/config << EOF
 [novalue]
 	variable
+[emptyvalue]
+	variable =
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'get variable with no value' \
-	'git-config --get novalue.variable ^$'
+	'git config --get novalue.variable ^$'
+
+test_expect_success 'get variable with empty value' \
+	'git config --get emptyvalue.variable ^$'
+
+echo novalue.variable > expect
+
+test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with no value' \
+	'git config --get-regexp novalue > output &&
+	 cmp output expect'
+
+echo 'emptyvalue.variable ' > expect
 
-git-config > output 2>&1
+test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with empty value' \
+	'git config --get-regexp emptyvalue > output &&
+	 cmp output expect'
 
-test_expect_success 'no arguments, but no crash' \
-	"test $? = 129 && grep usage output"
+echo true > expect
+
+test_expect_success 'get bool variable with no value' \
+	'git config --bool novalue.variable > output &&
+	 cmp output expect'
+
+echo false > expect
+
+test_expect_success 'get bool variable with empty value' \
+	'git config --bool emptyvalue.variable > output &&
+	 cmp output expect'
+
+test_expect_success 'no arguments, but no crash' '
+	test_must_fail git config >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep usage output
+'
 
 cat > .git/config << EOF
 [a.b]
 	c = d
 EOF
 
-git-config a.x y
+git config a.x y
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [a.b]
@@ -304,8 +364,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'new section is partial match of another' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-git-config b.x y
-git-config a.b c
+git config b.x y
+git config a.b c
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [a.b]
@@ -319,6 +379,9 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'new variable inserts into proper section' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
+test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (non-existing file should fail)' \
+	'test_must_fail git config --file non-existing-config -l'
+
 cat > other-config << EOF
 [ein]
 	bahn = strasse
@@ -328,11 +391,14 @@ cat > expect << EOF
 ein.bahn=strasse
 EOF
 
-GIT_CONFIG=other-config git-config -l > output
+GIT_CONFIG=other-config git config -l > output
 
 test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG' 'cmp output expect'
 
-GIT_CONFIG=other-config git-config anwohner.park ausweis
+test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (--file)' \
+	'git config --file other-config -l > output && cmp output expect'
+
+GIT_CONFIG=other-config git config anwohner.park ausweis
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [ein]
@@ -355,7 +421,7 @@ weird
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success "rename section" \
-	"git-config --rename-section branch.eins branch.zwei"
+	"git config --rename-section branch.eins branch.zwei"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -368,15 +434,37 @@ cat > expect << EOF
 weird
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "git diff expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
 
-test_expect_failure "rename non-existing section" \
-	'git-config --rename-section branch."world domination" branch.drei'
+test_expect_success "rename non-existing section" '
+	test_must_fail git config --rename-section \
+		branch."world domination" branch.drei
+'
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "git diff expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
 
 test_expect_success "rename another section" \
-	'git-config --rename-section branch."1 234 blabl/a" branch.drei'
+	'git config --rename-section branch."1 234 blabl/a" branch.drei'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+# Hallo
+	#Bello
+[branch "zwei"]
+	x = 1
+[branch "zwei"]
+	y = 1
+[branch "drei"]
+weird
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+
+cat >> .git/config << EOF
+[branch "vier"] z = 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "rename a section with a var on the same line" \
+	'git config --rename-section branch.vier branch.zwei'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -387,9 +475,11 @@ cat > expect << EOF
 	y = 1
 [branch "drei"]
 weird
+[branch "zwei"]
+	z = 1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "git diff expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
 
 cat >> .git/config << EOF
   [branch "zwei"] a = 1 [branch "vier"]
@@ -405,24 +495,198 @@ weird
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success "section was removed properly" \
-	"git diff -u expect .git/config"
+	"test_cmp expect .git/config"
+
+rm .git/config
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+[gitcvs]
+	enabled = true
+	dbname = %Ggitcvs2.%a.%m.sqlite
+[gitcvs "ext"]
+	dbname = %Ggitcvs1.%a.%m.sqlite
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'section ending' '
+
+	git config gitcvs.enabled true &&
+	git config gitcvs.ext.dbname %Ggitcvs1.%a.%m.sqlite &&
+	git config gitcvs.dbname %Ggitcvs2.%a.%m.sqlite &&
+	cmp .git/config expect
+
+'
 
 test_expect_success numbers '
 
-	git-config kilo.gram 1k &&
-	git-config mega.ton 1m &&
-	k=$(git-config --int --get kilo.gram) &&
+	git config kilo.gram 1k &&
+	git config mega.ton 1m &&
+	k=$(git config --int --get kilo.gram) &&
 	test z1024 = "z$k" &&
-	m=$(git-config --int --get mega.ton) &&
+	m=$(git config --int --get mega.ton) &&
 	test z1048576 = "z$m"
 '
 
+cat > expect <<EOF
+fatal: bad config value for 'aninvalid.unit' in .git/config
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid unit' '
+
+	git config aninvalid.unit "1auto" &&
+	s=$(git config aninvalid.unit) &&
+	test "z1auto" = "z$s" &&
+	if git config --int --get aninvalid.unit 2>actual
+	then
+		echo config should have failed
+		false
+	fi &&
+	cmp actual expect
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+true
+false
+true
+false
+true
+false
+true
+false
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success bool '
+
+	git config bool.true1 01 &&
+	git config bool.true2 -1 &&
+	git config bool.true3 YeS &&
+	git config bool.true4 true &&
+	git config bool.false1 000 &&
+	git config bool.false2 "" &&
+	git config bool.false3 nO &&
+	git config bool.false4 FALSE &&
+	rm -f result &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4
+	do
+	    git config --bool --get bool.true$i >>result
+	    git config --bool --get bool.false$i >>result
+        done &&
+	cmp expect result'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid bool (--get)' '
+
+	git config bool.nobool foobar &&
+	test_must_fail git config --bool --get bool.nobool'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid bool (set)' '
+
+	test_must_fail git config --bool bool.nobool foobar'
+
+rm .git/config
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+[bool]
+	true1 = true
+	true2 = true
+	true3 = true
+	true4 = true
+	false1 = false
+	false2 = false
+	false3 = false
+	false4 = false
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set --bool' '
+
+	git config --bool bool.true1 01 &&
+	git config --bool bool.true2 -1 &&
+	git config --bool bool.true3 YeS &&
+	git config --bool bool.true4 true &&
+	git config --bool bool.false1 000 &&
+	git config --bool bool.false2 "" &&
+	git config --bool bool.false3 nO &&
+	git config --bool bool.false4 FALSE &&
+	cmp expect .git/config'
+
+rm .git/config
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+[int]
+	val1 = 1
+	val2 = -1
+	val3 = 5242880
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set --int' '
+
+	git config --int int.val1 01 &&
+	git config --int int.val2 -1 &&
+	git config --int int.val3 5m &&
+	cmp expect .git/config'
+
+rm .git/config
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+[bool]
+	true1 = true
+	true2 = true
+	false1 = false
+	false2 = false
+[int]
+	int1 = 0
+	int2 = 1
+	int3 = -1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'get --bool-or-int' '
+	(
+		echo "[bool]"
+		echo true1
+		echo true2 = true
+		echo false = false
+		echo "[int]"
+		echo int1 = 0
+		echo int2 = 1
+		echo int3 = -1
+	) >>.git/config &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.true1) = true &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.true2) = true &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.false) = false &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int1) = 0 &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int2) = 1 &&
+	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int3) = -1
+
+'
+
+rm .git/config
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+[bool]
+	true1 = true
+	false1 = false
+	true2 = true
+	false2 = false
+[int]
+	int1 = 0
+	int2 = 1
+	int3 = -1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set --bool-or-int' '
+	git config --bool-or-int bool.true1 true &&
+	git config --bool-or-int bool.false1 false &&
+	git config --bool-or-int bool.true2 yes &&
+	git config --bool-or-int bool.false2 no &&
+	git config --bool-or-int int.int1 0 &&
+	git config --bool-or-int int.int2 1 &&
+	git config --bool-or-int int.int3 -1 &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
+
 rm .git/config
 
-git-config quote.leading " test"
-git-config quote.ending "test "
-git-config quote.semicolon "test;test"
-git-config quote.hash "test#test"
+git config quote.leading " test"
+git config quote.ending "test "
+git config quote.semicolon "test;test"
+git config quote.hash "test#test"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [quote]
@@ -434,8 +698,9 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'quoting' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-test_expect_failure 'key with newline' 'git config key.with\\\
-newline 123'
+test_expect_success 'key with newline' '
+	test_must_fail git config "key.with
+newline" 123'
 
 test_expect_success 'value with newline' 'git config key.sub value.with\\\
 newline'
@@ -460,5 +725,59 @@ git config --list > result
 
 test_expect_success 'value continued on next line' 'cmp result expect'
 
-test_done
+cat > .git/config <<\EOF
+[section "sub=section"]
+	val1 = foo=bar
+	val2 = foo\nbar
+	val3 = \n\n
+	val4 =
+	val5
+EOF
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+section.sub=section.val1
+foo=barQsection.sub=section.val2
+foo
+barQsection.sub=section.val3
+
 
+Qsection.sub=section.val4
+Qsection.sub=section.val5Q
+EOF
+
+git config --null --list | perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/' > result
+echo >>result
+
+test_expect_success '--null --list' 'cmp result expect'
+
+git config --null --get-regexp 'val[0-9]' | perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/' > result
+echo >>result
+
+test_expect_success '--null --get-regexp' 'cmp result expect'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinked configuration' '
+
+	ln -s notyet myconfig &&
+	GIT_CONFIG=myconfig git config test.frotz nitfol &&
+	test -h myconfig &&
+	test -f notyet &&
+	test "z$(GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.frotz)" = znitfol &&
+	GIT_CONFIG=myconfig git config test.xyzzy rezrov &&
+	test -h myconfig &&
+	test -f notyet &&
+	test "z$(GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.frotz)" = znitfol &&
+	test "z$(GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.xyzzy)" = zrezrov
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check split_cmdline return' "
+	git config alias.split-cmdline-fix 'echo \"' &&
+	test_must_fail git split-cmdline-fix &&
+	echo foo > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m 'initial commit' &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions 'echo \"' &&
+	test_must_fail git merge master
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..de42d21c92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test shared repository initialization'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Remove a default ACL from the test dir if possible.
+setfacl -k . 2>/dev/null
+
+# User must have read permissions to the repo -> failure on --shared=0400
+test_expect_success 'shared = 0400 (faulty permission u-w)' '
+	mkdir sub && (
+		cd sub && git init --shared=0400
+	)
+	ret="$?"
+	rm -rf sub
+	test $ret != "0"
+'
+
+modebits () {
+	ls -l "$1" | sed -e 's|^\(..........\).*|\1|'
+}
+
+for u in 002 022
+do
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared=1 does not clear bits preset by umask $u" '
+		mkdir sub && (
+			cd sub &&
+			umask $u &&
+			git init --shared=1 &&
+			test 1 = "$(git config core.sharedrepository)"
+		) &&
+		actual=$(ls -l sub/.git/HEAD)
+		case "$actual" in
+		-rw-rw-r--*)
+			: happy
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo Oops, .git/HEAD is not 0664 but $actual
+			false
+			;;
+		esac
+	'
+	rm -rf sub
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'shared=all' '
+	mkdir sub &&
+	cd sub &&
+	git init --shared=all &&
+	test 2 = $(git config core.sharedrepository)
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'update-server-info honors core.sharedRepository' '
+	: > a1 &&
+	git add a1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m a1 &&
+	umask 0277 &&
+	git update-server-info &&
+	actual="$(ls -l .git/info/refs)" &&
+	case "$actual" in
+	-r--r--r--*)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo Oops, .git/info/refs is not 0444
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+for u in	0660:rw-rw---- \
+		0640:rw-r----- \
+		0600:rw------- \
+		0666:rw-rw-rw- \
+		0664:rw-rw-r--
+do
+	x=$(expr "$u" : ".*:\([rw-]*\)") &&
+	y=$(echo "$x" | sed -e "s/w/-/g") &&
+	u=$(expr "$u" : "\([0-7]*\)") &&
+	git config core.sharedrepository "$u" &&
+	umask 0277 &&
+
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared = $u ($y) ro" '
+
+		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
+		git update-server-info &&
+		actual="$(modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
+		test "x$actual" = "x-$y" || {
+			ls -lt .git/info
+			false
+		}
+	'
+
+	umask 077 &&
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared = $u ($x) rw" '
+
+		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
+		git update-server-info &&
+		actual="$(modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
+		test "x$actual" = "x-$x" || {
+			ls -lt .git/info
+			false
+		}
+
+	'
+
+done
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git reflog expire honors core.sharedRepository' '
+	git config core.sharedRepository group &&
+	git reflog expire --all &&
+	actual="$(ls -l .git/logs/refs/heads/master)" &&
+	case "$actual" in
+	-rw-rw-*)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo Ooops, .git/logs/refs/heads/master is not 0662 [$actual]
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'forced modes' '
+	mkdir -p templates/hooks &&
+	echo update-server-info >templates/hooks/post-update &&
+	chmod +x templates/hooks/post-update &&
+	echo : >random-file &&
+	mkdir new &&
+	(
+		cd new &&
+		umask 002 &&
+		git init --shared=0660 --template=../templates &&
+		>frotz &&
+		git add frotz &&
+		git commit -a -m initial &&
+		git repack
+	) &&
+	# List repository files meant to be protected; note that
+	# COMMIT_EDITMSG does not matter---0mode is not about a
+	# repository with a work tree.
+	find new/.git -type f -name COMMIT_EDITMSG -prune -o -print |
+	xargs ls -ld >actual &&
+
+	# Everything must be unaccessible to others
+	test -z "$(sed -e "/^.......---/d" actual)" &&
+
+	# All directories must have either 2770 or 770
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/^drwxrw[sx]---/d" -e "/^d/p" actual)" &&
+
+	# post-update hook must be 0770
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/post-update/{
+		/^-rwxrwx---/d
+		p
+	}" actual)" &&
+
+	# All files inside objects must be accessible by us
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/objects\//{
+		/^d/d
+		/^-r.-r.----/d
+		p
+	}" actual)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1302-repo-version.sh b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8d305b4372
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy
+#
+
+test_description='Test repository version check'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >test.patch <<EOF
+diff --git a/test.txt b/test.txt
+new file mode 100644
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/test.txt
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++123
+EOF
+
+test_create_repo "test"
+test_create_repo "test2"
+
+GIT_CONFIG=test2/.git/config git config core.repositoryformatversion 99 || exit 1
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir selection on normal repos' '
+	(test "$(git config core.repositoryformatversion)" = 0 &&
+	cd test &&
+	test "$(git config core.repositoryformatversion)" = 0)'
+
+# Make sure it would stop at test2, not trash
+test_expect_success 'gitdir selection on unsupported repo' '
+	(cd test2 &&
+	test "$(git config core.repositoryformatversion)" = 99)'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir not required mode' '
+	(git apply --stat test.patch &&
+	cd test && git apply --stat ../test.patch &&
+	cd ../test2 && git apply --stat ../test.patch)'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir required mode on normal repos' '
+	(git apply --check --index test.patch &&
+	cd test && git apply --check --index ../test.patch)'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir required mode on unsupported repo' '
+	(cd test2 && test_must_fail git apply --check --index ../test.patch)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh b/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..080117c6bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test wacky input to git config'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+setup() {
+	(printf "[section]\n" &&
+	printf "  key = foo") >.git/config
+}
+
+check() {
+	echo "$2" >expected
+	git config --get "$1" >actual 2>&1
+	test_cmp actual expected
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'modify same key' '
+	setup &&
+	git config section.key bar &&
+	check section.key bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add key in same section' '
+	setup &&
+	git config section.other bar &&
+	check section.key foo &&
+	check section.other bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add key in different section' '
+	setup &&
+	git config section2.key bar &&
+	check section.key foo &&
+	check section2.key bar
+'
+
+SECTION="test.q\"s\\sq'sp e.key"
+test_expect_success 'make sure git config escapes section names properly' '
+	git config "$SECTION" bar &&
+	check "$SECTION" bar
+'
+
+LONG_VALUE=$(printf "x%01021dx a" 7)
+test_expect_success 'do not crash on special long config line' '
+	setup &&
+	git config section.key "$LONG_VALUE" &&
+	check section.key "fatal: bad config file line 2 in .git/config"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
index d0aba2c2ae..54ba3df95f 100755
--- a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
@@ -3,64 +3,113 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Shawn Pearce
 #
 
-test_description='Test git-update-ref and basic ref logging'
+test_description='Test git update-ref and basic ref logging'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 Z=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-A=1111111111111111111111111111111111111111
-B=2222222222222222222222222222222222222222
-C=3333333333333333333333333333333333333333
-D=4444444444444444444444444444444444444444
-E=5555555555555555555555555555555555555555
-F=6666666666666666666666666666666666666666
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	for name in A B C D E F
+	do
+		test_tick &&
+		T=$(git write-tree) &&
+		sha1=$(echo $name | git commit-tree $T) &&
+		eval $name=$sha1
+	done
+
+'
+
 m=refs/heads/master
 n_dir=refs/heads/gu
 n=$n_dir/fixes
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m" \
-	"git-update-ref $m $A &&
+	"git update-ref $m $A &&
 	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m" \
-	"git-update-ref $m $B $A &&
+	"git update-ref $m $B $A &&
 	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success "fail to delete $m with stale ref" '
+	test_must_fail git update-ref -d $m $A &&
+	test $B = "$(cat .git/$m)"
+'
+test_expect_success "delete $m" '
+	git update-ref -d $m $B &&
+	! test -f .git/$m
+'
+rm -f .git/$m
+
+test_expect_success "delete $m without oldvalue verification" "
+	git update-ref $m $A &&
+	test $A = \$(cat .git/$m) &&
+	git update-ref -d $m &&
+	! test -f .git/$m
+"
 rm -f .git/$m
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"fail to create $n" \
 	"touch .git/$n_dir
-	 git-update-ref $n $A >out 2>err"'
+	 git update-ref $n $A >out 2>err"'
 	 test $? != 0'
 rm -f .git/$n_dir out err
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git-update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	"git update-ref HEAD $A &&
 	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git-update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
+	"git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
 	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success "fail to delete $m (by HEAD) with stale ref" '
+	test_must_fail git update-ref -d HEAD $A &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "delete $m (by HEAD)" '
+	git update-ref -d HEAD $B &&
+	! test -f .git/$m
+'
 rm -f .git/$m
 
-test_expect_failure \
-	'(not) create HEAD with old sha1' \
-	"git-update-ref HEAD $A $B"
-test_expect_failure \
-	"(not) prior created .git/$m" \
-	"test -f .git/$m"
+cp -f .git/HEAD .git/HEAD.orig
+test_expect_success "delete symref without dereference" '
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d HEAD &&
+	! test -f .git/HEAD
+'
+cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD
+
+test_expect_success "delete symref without dereference when the referred ref is packed" '
+	echo foo >foo.c &&
+	git add foo.c &&
+	git commit -m foo &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d HEAD &&
+	! test -f .git/HEAD
+'
+cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD
+git update-ref -d $m
+
+test_expect_success '(not) create HEAD with old sha1' "
+	test_must_fail git update-ref HEAD $A $B
+"
+test_expect_success "(not) prior created .git/$m" "
+	! test -f .git/$m
+"
 rm -f .git/$m
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"create HEAD" \
-	"git-update-ref HEAD $A"
-test_expect_failure \
-	'(not) change HEAD with wrong SHA1' \
-	"git-update-ref HEAD $B $Z"
-test_expect_failure \
-	"(not) changed .git/$m" \
-	"test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+	"git update-ref HEAD $A"
+test_expect_success '(not) change HEAD with wrong SHA1' "
+	test_must_fail git update-ref HEAD $B $Z
+"
+test_expect_success "(not) changed .git/$m" "
+	! test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')
+'
 rm -f .git/$m
 
 : a repository with working tree always has reflog these days...
@@ -68,17 +117,17 @@ rm -f .git/$m
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m (logged by touch)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD '"$A"' -m "Initial Creation" &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD '"$A"' -m "Initial Creation" &&
 	 test '"$A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"update $m (logged by touch)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:31" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
 	 test '"$B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"set $m (logged by touch)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD'" $A &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD'" $A &&
 	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -88,28 +137,28 @@ $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150860 +0000
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	"verifying $m's log" \
-	"diff expect .git/logs/$m"
+	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
 rm -rf .git/$m .git/logs expect
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'enable core.logAllRefUpdates' \
-	'git-config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
-	 test true = $(git-config --bool --get core.logAllRefUpdates)'
+	'git config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	 test true = $(git config --bool --get core.logAllRefUpdates)'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"create $m (logged by config)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:32" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD'" $A "'-m "Initial Creation" &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD'" $A "'-m "Initial Creation" &&
 	 test '"$A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"update $m (logged by config)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:33" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
 	 test '"$B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 test_expect_success \
 	"set $m (logged by config)" \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:43" \
-	 git-update-ref HEAD '"$A &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD '"$A &&
 	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -119,12 +168,13 @@ $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150980 +0000
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	"verifying $m's log" \
-	'diff expect .git/logs/$m'
+	'test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m'
 rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect
 
-git-update-ref $m $D
+git update-ref $m $D
 cat >.git/logs/$m <<EOF
-$C $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150320 -0500
+0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $C $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150320 -0500
+$C $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150350 -0500
 $A $B $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150380 -0500
 $F $Z $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150680 -0500
 $Z $E $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150980 -0500
@@ -136,49 +186,55 @@ ld="Thu, 26 May 2005 18:43:00 -0500"
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 25 2005}" (before history)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{May 25 2005}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 25 2005}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	"Query master@{2005-05-25} (before history)" \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify master@{2005-05-25} >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify master@{2005-05-25} >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 echo test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" (1 second before history)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" (exactly history start)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
+	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
+test_expect_success \
+	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" (first non-creation change)' \
+	'rm -f o e
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$A"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" (middle of history with gap)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$B"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log .git/logs/'"$m has gap after $gd"'." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" (middle of history)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$Z"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" (exact end of history)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$E"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-28}" (past end of history)' \
 	'rm -f o e
-	 git-rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-28}" >o 2>e &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-28}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$D"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log .git/logs/'"$m unexpectedly ended on $ld"'." = "$(cat e)"'
 
@@ -188,26 +244,24 @@ rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect
 test_expect_success \
     'creating initial files' \
     'echo TEST >F &&
-     git-add F &&
+     git add F &&
 	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" git-commit -m add -a &&
-	 h_TEST=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" git commit -m add -a &&
+	 h_TEST=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 	 echo The other day this did not work. >M &&
 	 echo And then Bob told me how to fix it. >>M &&
 	 echo OTHER >F &&
 	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" git-commit -F M -a &&
-	 h_OTHER=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 echo FIXED >F &&
+	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" git commit -F M -a &&
+	 h_OTHER=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" git-commit --amend &&
-	 h_FIXED=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 echo TEST+FIXED >F &&
+	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" git commit --amend &&
+	 h_FIXED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	 echo Merged initial commit and a later commit. >M &&
 	 echo $h_TEST >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" git-commit -F M &&
-	 h_MERGED=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" git commit -F M &&
+	 h_MERGED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	 rm -f M'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -217,18 +271,18 @@ $h_OTHER $h_FIXED $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117151040 +0000	co
 $h_FIXED $h_MERGED $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117151100 +0000	commit (merge): Merged initial commit and a later commit.
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-commit logged updates' \
-	"diff expect .git/logs/$m"
+	'git commit logged updates' \
+	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
 unset h_TEST h_OTHER h_FIXED h_MERGED
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-cat-file blob master:F (expect OTHER)' \
-	'test OTHER = $(git-cat-file blob master:F)'
+	'git cat-file blob master:F (expect OTHER)' \
+	'test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob master:F)'
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F (expect TEST)' \
-	'test TEST = $(git-cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F")'
+	'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F (expect TEST)' \
+	'test TEST = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F")'
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F (expect OTHER)' \
-	'test OTHER = $(git-cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F")'
+	'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F (expect OTHER)' \
+	'test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F")'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7fa5f5b22a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic symbolic-ref tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# If the tests munging HEAD fail, they can break detection of
+# the git repo, meaning that further tests will operate on
+# the surrounding git repo instead of the trash directory.
+reset_to_sane() {
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >.git/HEAD
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref writes HEAD' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/foo &&
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref reads HEAD' '
+	echo refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses non-ref for HEAD' '
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD foo
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses bare sha1' '
+	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD `git rev-parse HEAD`
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index e5bbc384f7..80af6b9b7e 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -70,9 +70,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	E=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B/E` &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
-	chmod +x C &&
-	( test "`git config --bool core.filemode`" != false ||
-	  echo executable >>C ) &&
+	test_chmod +x C &&
 	git add C &&
 	test_tick && git commit -m dragon &&
 	L=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
@@ -175,4 +173,45 @@ test_expect_success 'recover and check' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'delete' '
+	echo 1 > C &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m rat C &&
+
+	echo 2 > C &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m ox C &&
+
+	echo 3 > C &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m tiger C &&
+
+	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l)
+	master_entry_count=$(git reflog show master | wc -l)
+
+	test $HEAD_entry_count = 5 &&
+	test $master_entry_count = 5 &&
+
+
+	git reflog delete master@{1} &&
+	git reflog show master > output &&
+	test $(($master_entry_count - 1)) = $(wc -l < output) &&
+	test $HEAD_entry_count = $(git reflog | wc -l) &&
+	! grep ox < output &&
+
+	master_entry_count=$(wc -l < output)
+
+	git reflog delete HEAD@{1} &&
+	test $(($HEAD_entry_count -1)) = $(git reflog | wc -l) &&
+	test $master_entry_count = $(git reflog show master | wc -l) &&
+
+	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l)
+
+	git reflog delete master@{07.04.2005.15:15:00.-0700} &&
+	git reflog show master > output &&
+	test $(($master_entry_count - 1)) = $(wc -l < output) &&
+	! grep dragon < output
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c18ed8edf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test reflog display routines'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'log -g shows reflog headers' '
+	git log -g -1 >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'oneline reflog format' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (multiline)' '
+	git log -g -1 HEAD@{now} >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (oneline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline HEAD@{now} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{1112911993 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (multiline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --date=raw >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{1112911993 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (oneline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline --date=raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1420-lost-found.sh b/t/t1420-lost-found.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..dc9e402c55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1420-lost-found.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test fsck --lost-found'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config core.logAllRefUpdates 0 &&
+	: > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo 1 > file1 &&
+	echo 2 > file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	echo 3 > file3 &&
+	git add file3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lost and found something' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD > lost-commit &&
+	git rev-parse :file3 > lost-other &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git fsck --lost-found &&
+	test 2 = $(ls .git/lost-found/*/* | wc -l) &&
+	test -f .git/lost-found/commit/$(cat lost-commit) &&
+	test -f .git/lost-found/other/$(cat lost-other)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a22632f483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git fsck random collection of tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A fileA one &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	test_commit B fileB two &&
+	git tag -d A B &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD is part of refs' '
+	test 0 = $(git fsck | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'loose objects borrowed from alternate are not missing' '
+	mkdir another &&
+	(
+		cd another &&
+		git init &&
+		echo ../../../.git/objects >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		test_commit C fileC one &&
+		git fsck >out &&
+		! grep "missing blob" out
+	)
+'
+
+# Corruption tests follow.  Make sure to remove all traces of the
+# specific corruption you test afterwards, lest a later test trip over
+# it.
+
+test_expect_success 'object with bad sha1' '
+	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	echo $sha &&
+	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
+	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
+	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)"
+	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $sha foo &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	cmt=$(echo bogus | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/bogus $cmt &&
+	(git fsck 2>out; true) &&
+	grep "$sha.*corrupt" out &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/$new &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/bogus &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch pointing to non-commit' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD^{tree} > .git/refs/heads/invalid &&
+	git fsck 2>out &&
+	grep "not a commit" out &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid
+'
+
+cat > invalid-tag <<EOF
+object ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+type commit
+tag invalid
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
+
+This is an invalid tag.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_failure 'tag pointing to nonexistent' '
+	tag=$(git hash-object -w --stdin < invalid-tag) &&
+	echo $tag > .git/refs/tags/invalid &&
+	git fsck --tags 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "could not load tagged object" out &&
+	rm .git/refs/tags/invalid
+'
+
+cat > wrong-tag <<EOF
+object $(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin)
+type commit
+tag wrong
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
+
+This is an invalid tag.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_failure 'tag pointing to something else than its type' '
+	tag=$(git hash-object -w --stdin < wrong-tag) &&
+	echo $tag > .git/refs/tags/wrong &&
+	git fsck --tags 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "some sane error message" out &&
+	rm .git/refs/tags/wrong
+'
+
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..48ee07779d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git rev-parse'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_rev_parse() {
+	name=$1
+	shift
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-bare-repository" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-git-dir" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-work-tree" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: prefix" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: git-dir" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --git-dir)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+}
+
+# label is-bare is-inside-git is-inside-work prefix git-dir
+
+ROOT=$(pwd)
+
+test_rev_parse toplevel false false true '' .git
+
+cd .git || exit 1
+test_rev_parse .git/ false true false '' .
+cd objects || exit 1
+test_rev_parse .git/objects/ false true false '' "$ROOT/.git"
+cd ../.. || exit 1
+
+mkdir -p sub/dir || exit 1
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+test_rev_parse subdirectory false false true sub/dir/ "$ROOT/.git"
+cd ../.. || exit 1
+
+git config core.bare true
+test_rev_parse 'core.bare = true' true false false
+
+git config --unset core.bare
+test_rev_parse 'core.bare undefined' false false true
+
+mkdir work || exit 1
+cd work || exit 1
+GIT_DIR=../.git
+GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/../.git/config
+export GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+
+git config core.bare false
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = false' false false true ''
+
+git config core.bare true
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
+
+git config --unset core.bare
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
+
+mv ../.git ../repo.git || exit 1
+GIT_DIR=../repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/../repo.git/config
+
+git config core.bare false
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = false' false false true ''
+
+git config core.bare true
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
+
+git config --unset core.bare
+test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1501-worktree.sh b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f6a6f839a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test separate work tree'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_rev_parse() {
+	name=$1
+	shift
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-bare-repository" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-git-dir" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-work-tree" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: prefix" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+}
+
+EMPTY_TREE=$(git write-tree)
+mkdir -p work/sub/dir || exit 1
+mv .git repo.git || exit 1
+
+say "core.worktree = relative path"
+GIT_DIR=repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/$GIT_DIR/config
+export GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+unset GIT_WORK_TREE
+git config core.worktree ../work
+test_rev_parse 'outside'      false false false
+cd work || exit 1
+GIT_DIR=../repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/$GIT_DIR/config
+test_rev_parse 'inside'       false false true ''
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+GIT_DIR=../../../repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/$GIT_DIR/config
+test_rev_parse 'subdirectory' false false true sub/dir/
+cd ../../.. || exit 1
+
+say "core.worktree = absolute path"
+GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG=$GIT_DIR/config
+git config core.worktree "$(pwd)/work"
+test_rev_parse 'outside'      false false false
+cd work || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'inside'       false false true ''
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'subdirectory' false false true sub/dir/
+cd ../../.. || exit 1
+
+say "GIT_WORK_TREE=relative path (override core.worktree)"
+GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG=$GIT_DIR/config
+git config core.worktree non-existent
+GIT_WORK_TREE=work
+export GIT_WORK_TREE
+test_rev_parse 'outside'      false false false
+cd work || exit 1
+GIT_WORK_TREE=.
+test_rev_parse 'inside'       false false true ''
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+GIT_WORK_TREE=../..
+test_rev_parse 'subdirectory' false false true sub/dir/
+cd ../../.. || exit 1
+
+mv work repo.git/work
+
+say "GIT_WORK_TREE=absolute path, work tree below git dir"
+GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/repo.git
+GIT_CONFIG=$GIT_DIR/config
+GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd)/repo.git/work
+test_rev_parse 'outside'              false false false
+cd repo.git || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'in repo.git'              false true  false
+cd objects || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'in repo.git/objects'      false true  false
+cd ../work || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'in repo.git/work'         false true true ''
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+test_rev_parse 'in repo.git/sub/dir' false true true sub/dir/
+cd ../../../.. || exit 1
+
+test_expect_success 'repo finds its work tree' '
+	(cd repo.git &&
+	 : > work/sub/dir/untracked &&
+	 test sub/dir/untracked = "$(git ls-files --others)")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repo finds its work tree from work tree, too' '
+	(cd repo.git/work/sub/dir &&
+	 : > tracked &&
+	 git --git-dir=../../.. add tracked &&
+	 cd ../../.. &&
+	 test sub/dir/tracked = "$(git ls-files)")
+'
+
+test_expect_success '_gently() groks relative GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	(cd repo.git/work/sub/dir &&
+	GIT_DIR=../../.. GIT_WORK_TREE=../.. GIT_PAGER= \
+		git diff --exit-code tracked &&
+	echo changed > tracked &&
+	! GIT_DIR=../../.. GIT_WORK_TREE=../.. GIT_PAGER= \
+		git diff --exit-code tracked)
+'
+cat > diff-index-cached.expected <<\EOF
+:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 A	sub/dir/tracked
+EOF
+cat > diff-index.expected <<\EOF
+:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 A	sub/dir/tracked
+EOF
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index' '
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work git diff-index $EMPTY_TREE > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-index.expected result &&
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git git diff-index --cached $EMPTY_TREE > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-index-cached.expected result
+'
+cat >diff-files.expected <<\EOF
+:100644 100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	sub/dir/tracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work git diff-files > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-files.expected result
+'
+
+cat >diff-TREE.expected <<\EOF
+diff --git a/sub/dir/tracked b/sub/dir/tracked
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..5ea2ed4
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/sub/dir/tracked
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++changed
+EOF
+cat >diff-TREE-cached.expected <<\EOF
+diff --git a/sub/dir/tracked b/sub/dir/tracked
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..e69de29
+EOF
+cat >diff-FILES.expected <<\EOF
+diff --git a/sub/dir/tracked b/sub/dir/tracked
+index e69de29..5ea2ed4 100644
+--- a/sub/dir/tracked
++++ b/sub/dir/tracked
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++changed
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff' '
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work git diff $EMPTY_TREE > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-TREE.expected result &&
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git git diff --cached $EMPTY_TREE > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-TREE-cached.expected result &&
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work git diff > result &&
+	test_cmp diff-FILES.expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git grep' '
+	(cd repo.git/work/sub &&
+	GIT_DIR=../.. GIT_WORK_TREE=.. git grep -l changed | grep dir/tracked)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e504058062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git rev-parse --parseopt'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat > expect.err <<EOF
+usage: some-command [options] <args>...
+
+    some-command does foo and bar!
+
+    -h, --help            show the help
+    --foo                 some nifty option --foo
+    --bar ...             some cool option --bar with an argument
+
+An option group Header
+    -C[...]               option C with an optional argument
+
+Extras
+    --extra1              line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
+
+EOF
+
+cat > optionspec << EOF
+some-command [options] <args>...
+
+some-command does foo and bar!
+--
+h,help    show the help
+
+foo       some nifty option --foo
+bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
+
+ An option group Header
+C?        option C with an optional argument
+
+Extras
+extra1    line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h 2> output.err < optionspec
+	test_cmp expect.err output.err
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo --bar 'ham' -- 'arg'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo --bar=ham arg < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with mixed options and arguments' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo -- 'arg' '--bar=ham'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with --' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stop-at-non-option' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt --stop-at-non-option -- --foo arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo -- '--' 'arg' '--bar=ham'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --keep-dashdash' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt --keep-dashdash -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh b/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cc65394947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Christian Couder
+#
+test_description='test git rev-parse --verify'
+
+exec </dev/null
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_line_into_file()
+{
+    _line=$1
+    _file=$2
+
+    if [ -f "$_file" ]; then
+        echo "$_line" >> $_file || return $?
+        MSG="Add <$_line> into <$_file>."
+    else
+        echo "$_line" > $_file || return $?
+        git add $_file || return $?
+        MSG="Create file <$_file> with <$_line> inside."
+    fi
+
+    test_tick
+    git commit --quiet -m "$MSG" $_file
+}
+
+HASH1=
+HASH2=
+HASH3=
+HASH4=
+
+test_expect_success 'set up basic repo with 1 file (hello) and 4 commits' '
+	add_line_into_file "1: Hello World" hello &&
+	HASH1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "2: A new day for git" hello &&
+	HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "3: Another new day for git" hello &&
+	HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "4: Ciao for now" hello &&
+	HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'works with one good rev' '
+	rev_hash1=$(git rev-parse --verify $HASH1) &&
+	test "$rev_hash1" = "$HASH1" &&
+	rev_hash2=$(git rev-parse --verify $HASH2) &&
+	test "$rev_hash2" = "$HASH2" &&
+	rev_hash3=$(git rev-parse --verify $HASH3) &&
+	test "$rev_hash3" = "$HASH3" &&
+	rev_hash4=$(git rev-parse --verify $HASH4) &&
+	test "$rev_hash4" = "$HASH4" &&
+	rev_master=$(git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$rev_master" = "$HASH4" &&
+	rev_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$rev_head" = "$HASH4"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails with any bad rev or many good revs' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify 2>error &&
+	grep "single revision" error &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify foo 2>error &&
+	grep "single revision" error &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD bar 2>error &&
+	grep "single revision" error &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify baz HEAD 2>error &&
+	grep "single revision" error &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify $HASH2 HEAD 2>error &&
+	grep "single revision" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails silently when using -q' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify --quiet 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat error)" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse -q --verify foo 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat error)" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD bar 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat error)" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --quiet --verify baz HEAD 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat error)" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse -q --verify $HASH2 HEAD 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat error)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no stdout output on error' '
+	test -z "$(git rev-parse --verify)" &&
+	test -z "$(git rev-parse --verify foo)" &&
+	test -z "$(git rev-parse --verify baz HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD bar)" &&
+	test -z "$(git rev-parse --verify $HASH2 HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use --default' '
+	git rev-parse --verify --default master &&
+	git rev-parse --verify --default master HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse --default master --verify &&
+	git rev-parse --default master --verify HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD --default master &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify foo --default master &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --default HEAD --verify bar &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify --default HEAD baz &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --default foo --verify &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify --default bar
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..df5ad8c686
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_prefix() {
+	test_expect_success "$1" \
+	"test '$2' = \"\$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)\""
+}
+
+test_fail() {
+	test_expect_code 128 "$1: prefix" \
+	"git rev-parse --show-prefix"
+}
+
+TRASH_ROOT="$PWD"
+ROOT_PARENT=$(dirname "$TRASH_ROOT")
+
+
+unset GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+test_prefix no_ceil ""
+
+export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=""
+test_prefix ceil_empty ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$ROOT_PARENT"
+test_prefix ceil_at_parent ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$ROOT_PARENT/"
+test_prefix ceil_at_parent_slash ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT"
+test_prefix ceil_at_trash ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/"
+test_prefix ceil_at_trash_slash ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
+test_prefix ceil_at_sub ""
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/"
+test_prefix ceil_at_sub_slash ""
+
+
+mkdir -p sub/dir || exit 1
+cd sub/dir || exit 1
+
+unset GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+test_prefix subdir_no_ceil "sub/dir/"
+
+export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=""
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_empty "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT"
+test_fail subdir_ceil_at_trash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/"
+test_fail subdir_ceil_at_trash_slash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
+test_fail subdir_ceil_at_sub
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/"
+test_fail subdir_ceil_at_sub_slash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/dir"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_subdir "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/dir/"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_subdir_slash "sub/dir/"
+
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/su"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_su "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/su/"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_su_slash "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/di"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_sub_di "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub/di"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_sub_di_slash "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/subdi"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_subdi "sub/dir/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/subdi"
+test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_subdi_slash "sub/dir/"
+
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="/foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
+test_fail second_of_two
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub:/bar"
+test_fail first_of_two
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="/foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub:/bar"
+test_fail second_of_three
+
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
+GIT_DIR=../../.git
+export GIT_DIR
+test_prefix git_dir_specified ""
+unset GIT_DIR
+
+
+cd ../.. || exit 1
+mkdir -p s/d || exit 1
+cd s/d || exit 1
+
+unset GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+test_prefix sd_no_ceil "s/d/"
+
+export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=""
+test_prefix sd_ceil_empty "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT"
+test_fail sd_ceil_at_trash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/"
+test_fail sd_ceil_at_trash_slash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s"
+test_fail sd_ceil_at_s
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s/"
+test_fail sd_ceil_at_s_slash
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s/d"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_sd "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s/d/"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_sd_slash "s/d/"
+
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/su"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_su "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/su/"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_su_slash "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s/di"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_s_di "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/s/di"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_s_di_slash "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sdi"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_sdi "s/d/"
+
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sdi"
+test_prefix sd_ceil_at_sdi_slash "s/d/"
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d709ecf8df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test @{-N} syntax'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+make_commit () {
+	echo "$1" > "$1" &&
+	git add "$1" &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	make_commit 1 &&
+	git branch side &&
+	make_commit 2 &&
+	make_commit 3 &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	make_commit 4 &&
+	git merge master &&
+	git checkout master
+
+'
+
+# 1 -- 2 -- 3 master
+#  \         \
+#   \         \
+#    --- 4 --- 5 side
+#
+# and 'side' should be the last branch
+
+test_rev_equivalent () {
+
+	git rev-parse "$1" > expect &&
+	git rev-parse "$2" > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+}
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side @{-1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}~2 works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side~2 @{-1}~2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}^2 works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side^2 @{-1}^2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}@{1} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side@{1} @{-1}@{1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-2} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent master @{-2}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-3} fails' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{-3}
+'
+
+test_done
+
+
diff --git a/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh b/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
index 03ea4dece4..f7e1a735ec 100755
--- a/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
+++ b/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index test.
+test_description='git checkout-index test.
 
 This test registers the following filesystem structure in the
 cache:
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ And then tries to checkout in a work tree that has the following:
     path0/file0 - a file in a directory
     path1       - a file
 
-The git-checkout-index command should fail when attempting to checkout
+The git checkout-index command should fail when attempting to checkout
 path0, finding it is occupied by a directory, and path1/file1, finding
 path1 is occupied by a non-directory.  With "-f" flag, it should remove
 the conflicting paths and succeed.
@@ -28,26 +28,24 @@ mkdir path1
 date >path1/file1
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add various paths.' \
-    'git-update-index --add path0 path1/file1'
+    'git update-index --add various paths.' \
+    'git update-index --add path0 path1/file1'
 
 rm -fr path0 path1
 mkdir path0
 date >path0/file0
 date >path1
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git-checkout-index without -f should fail on conflicting work tree.' \
-    'git-checkout-index -a'
+test_expect_success \
+    'git checkout-index without -f should fail on conflicting work tree.' \
+    'test_must_fail git checkout-index -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-checkout-index with -f should succeed.' \
-    'git-checkout-index -f -a'
+    'git checkout-index with -f should succeed.' \
+    'git checkout-index -f -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-checkout-index conflicting paths.' \
+    'git checkout-index conflicting paths.' \
     'test -f path0 && test -d path1 && test -f path1/file1'
 
 test_done
-
-
diff --git a/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh b/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
index 0dcab8f1de..98aa73e823 100755
--- a/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
+++ b/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index test.
+test_description='git checkout-index test.
 
 This test registers the following filesystem structure in the cache:
 
@@ -26,46 +26,46 @@ show_files() {
 	find path? -ls |
 	sed -e 's/^[0-9]* * [0-9]* * \([-bcdl]\)[^ ]* *[0-9]* *[^ ]* *[^ ]* *[0-9]* [A-Z][a-z][a-z] [0-9][0-9] [^ ]* /fs: \1 /'
 	# what's in the cache, just mode and name
-	git-ls-files --stage |
+	git ls-files --stage |
 	sed -e 's/^\([0-9]*\) [0-9a-f]* [0-3] /ca: \1 /'
 	# what's in the tree, just mode and name.
-	git-ls-tree -r "$1" |
+	git ls-tree -r "$1" |
 	sed -e 's/^\([0-9]*\)	[^ ]*	[0-9a-f]*	/tr: \1 /'
 }
 
 mkdir path0
 date >path0/file0
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add path0/file0' \
-    'git-update-index --add path0/file0'
+    'git update-index --add path0/file0' \
+    'git update-index --add path0/file0'
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git-write-tree' \
-    'tree1=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
+    'tree1=$(git write-tree)'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree1'
 
 mkdir path1
 date >path1/file1
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add path1/file1' \
-    'git-update-index --add path1/file1'
+    'git update-index --add path1/file1' \
+    'git update-index --add path1/file1'
 test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git-write-tree' \
-    'tree2=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
+    'tree2=$(git write-tree)'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree2'
 
 rm -fr path1
 test_expect_success \
     'read previously written tree and checkout.' \
-    'git-read-tree -m $tree1 && git-checkout-index -f -a'
+    'git read-tree -m $tree1 && git checkout-index -f -a'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree1'
 
-ln -s path0 path1
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+    'git update-index --add a symlink.' \
+    'ln -s path0 path1 &&
+     git update-index --add path1'
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add a symlink.' \
-    'git-update-index --add path1'
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git-write-tree' \
-    'tree3=$(git-write-tree)'
+    'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
+    'tree3=$(git write-tree)'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree3'
 
 # Morten says "Got that?" here.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ test_debug 'show_files $tree3'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'read previously written tree and checkout.' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree2 && git-checkout-index -f -a'
+    'git read-tree $tree2 && git checkout-index -f -a'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree2'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -84,4 +84,3 @@ test_expect_success \
      test ! -h path1/file1 && test -f path1/file1'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t2002-checkout-cache-u.sh b/t/t2002-checkout-cache-u.sh
index 4352ddb1cb..70361c806e 100755
--- a/t/t2002-checkout-cache-u.sh
+++ b/t/t2002-checkout-cache-u.sh
@@ -3,31 +3,31 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index -u test.
+test_description='git checkout-index -u test.
 
-With -u flag, git-checkout-index internally runs the equivalent of
-git-update-index --refresh on the checked out entry.'
+With -u flag, git checkout-index internally runs the equivalent of
+git update-index --refresh on the checked out entry.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
 'preparation' '
 echo frotz >path0 &&
-git-update-index --add path0 &&
-t=$(git-write-tree)'
+git update-index --add path0 &&
+t=$(git write-tree)'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-'without -u, git-checkout-index smudges stat information.' '
+test_expect_success \
+'without -u, git checkout-index smudges stat information.' '
 rm -f path0 &&
-git-read-tree $t &&
-git-checkout-index -f -a &&
-git-diff-files | diff - /dev/null'
+git read-tree $t &&
+git checkout-index -f -a &&
+test_must_fail git diff-files --exit-code'
 
 test_expect_success \
-'with -u, git-checkout-index picks up stat information from new files.' '
+'with -u, git checkout-index picks up stat information from new files.' '
 rm -f path0 &&
-git-read-tree $t &&
-git-checkout-index -u -f -a &&
-git-diff-files | diff - /dev/null'
+git read-tree $t &&
+git checkout-index -u -f -a &&
+git diff-files --exit-code'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh b/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
index f9bc90aee4..02a4fc5d36 100755
--- a/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
+++ b/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index --prefix test.
+test_description='git checkout-index --prefix test.
 
 This test makes sure that --prefix option works as advertised, and
 also verifies that such leading path may contain symlinks, unlike
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ test_expect_success \
     'mkdir path1 &&
     echo frotz >path0 &&
     echo rezrov >path1/file1 &&
-    git-update-index --add path0 path1/file1'
+    git update-index --add path0 path1/file1'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'have symlink in place where dir is expected.' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 &&
      mkdir path2 &&
      ln -s path2 path1 &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index -f -a &&
      test ! -h path1 && test -d path1 &&
      test -f path1/file1 && test ! -f path2/file1'
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'use --prefix=path2/' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 &&
      mkdir path2 &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=path2/ -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=path2/ -f -a &&
      test -f path2/path0 &&
      test -f path2/path1/file1 &&
      test ! -f path0 &&
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'use --prefix=tmp-' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
      test -f tmp-path0 &&
      test -f tmp-path1/file1 &&
      test ! -f path0 &&
@@ -52,42 +52,42 @@ test_expect_success \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      echo nitfol >tmp-path1 &&
      mkdir tmp-path0 &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
      test -f tmp-path0 &&
      test -f tmp-path1/file1 &&
      test ! -f path0 &&
      test ! -f path1/file1'
 
 # Linus fix #1
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp/orary/ where tmp is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 tmp1/orary &&
      ln -s tmp1 tmp &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=tmp/orary/ -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=tmp/orary/ -f -a &&
      test -d tmp1/orary &&
      test -f tmp1/orary/path0 &&
      test -f tmp1/orary/path1/file1 &&
      test -h tmp'
 
 # Linus fix #2
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp/orary- where tmp is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 &&
      ln -s tmp1 tmp &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=tmp/orary- -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=tmp/orary- -f -a &&
      test -f tmp1/orary-path0 &&
      test -f tmp1/orary-path1/file1 &&
      test -h tmp'
 
 # Linus fix #3
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp- where tmp-path1 is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 &&
      ln -s tmp1 tmp-path1 &&
-     git-checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
+     git checkout-index --prefix=tmp- -f -a &&
      test -f tmp-path0 &&
      test ! -h tmp-path1 &&
      test -d tmp-path1 &&
diff --git a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
index c100959cad..36cca14d95 100755
--- a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
+++ b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Shawn Pearce
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index --temp test.
+test_description='git checkout-index --temp test.
 
-With --temp flag, git-checkout-index writes to temporary merge files
+With --temp flag, git checkout-index writes to temporary merge files
 rather than the tracked path.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -18,28 +18,28 @@ echo tree1path1 >path1 &&
 echo tree1path3 >path3 &&
 echo tree1path4 >path4 &&
 echo tree1asubdir/path5 >asubdir/path5 &&
-git-update-index --add path0 path1 path3 path4 asubdir/path5 &&
-t1=$(git-write-tree) &&
+git update-index --add path0 path1 path3 path4 asubdir/path5 &&
+t1=$(git write-tree) &&
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 echo tree2path0 >path0 &&
 echo tree2path1 >path1 &&
 echo tree2path2 >path2 &&
 echo tree2path4 >path4 &&
-git-update-index --add path0 path1 path2 path4 &&
-t2=$(git-write-tree) &&
+git update-index --add path0 path1 path2 path4 &&
+t2=$(git write-tree) &&
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 echo tree2path0 >path0 &&
 echo tree3path1 >path1 &&
 echo tree3path2 >path2 &&
 echo tree3path3 >path3 &&
-git-update-index --add path0 path1 path2 path3 &&
-t3=$(git-write-tree)'
+git update-index --add path0 path1 path2 path3 &&
+t3=$(git write-tree)'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout one stage 0 to temporary file' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
-git-read-tree $t1 &&
-git-checkout-index --temp -- path1 >out &&
+git read-tree $t1 &&
+git checkout-index --temp -- path1 >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ test $(cat $p) = tree1path1'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stage 0 to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
-git-read-tree $t1 &&
-git-checkout-index -a --temp >out &&
+git read-tree $t1 &&
+git checkout-index -a --temp >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 5 &&
 for f in path0 path1 path3 path4 asubdir/path5
 do
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ done'
 test_expect_success \
 'prepare 3-way merge' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
-git-read-tree -m $t1 $t2 $t3'
+git read-tree -m $t1 $t2 $t3'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout one stage 2 to temporary file' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index --stage=2 --temp -- path1 >out &&
+git checkout-index --stage=2 --temp -- path1 >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ test $(cat $p) = tree2path1'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stage 2 to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index --all --stage=2 --temp >out &&
+git checkout-index --all --stage=2 --temp >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 3 &&
 for f in path1 path2 path4
 do
@@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ done'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stages/one file to nothing' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path0 >out &&
+git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path0 >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 0'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stages/one file to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path1 >out &&
+git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path1 >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 cut "-d	" -f1 out | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ test $(cat $s3) = tree3path1)'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout some stages/one file to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path2 >out &&
+git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path2 >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path2 &&
 cut "-d	" -f1 out | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ test $(cat $s3) = tree3path2)'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stages/all files to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
-git-checkout-index -a --stage=all --temp >out &&
+git checkout-index -a --stage=all --temp >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 5'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ test $(cat $s1) = tree1asubdir/path5)'
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout --temp within subdir' '
 (cd asubdir &&
- git-checkout-index -a --stage=all >out &&
+ git checkout-index -a --stage=all >out &&
  test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
  test $(grep path5 out | cut "-d	" -f2) = path5 &&
  grep path5 out | cut "-d	" -f1 | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
@@ -194,15 +194,15 @@ test_expect_success \
  test $(cat ../$s1) = tree1asubdir/path5)
 )'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
 'checkout --temp symlink' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 ln -s b a &&
-git-update-index --add a &&
-t4=$(git-write-tree) &&
+git update-index --add a &&
+t4=$(git write-tree) &&
 rm -f .git/index &&
-git-read-tree $t4 &&
-git-checkout-index --temp -a >out &&
+git read-tree $t4 &&
+git checkout-index --temp -a >out &&
 test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = a &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
diff --git a/t/t2005-checkout-index-symlinks.sh b/t/t2005-checkout-index-symlinks.sh
index e34a515333..9fa5610474 100755
--- a/t/t2005-checkout-index-symlinks.sh
+++ b/t/t2005-checkout-index-symlinks.sh
@@ -3,26 +3,26 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes Sixt
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout-index on filesystem w/o symlinks test.
+test_description='git checkout-index on filesystem w/o symlinks test.
 
-This tests that git-checkout-index creates a symbolic link as a plain
+This tests that git checkout-index creates a symbolic link as a plain
 file if core.symlinks is false.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
 'preparation' '
-git-config core.symlinks false &&
-l=$(echo -n file | git-hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
-echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git-update-index --index-info'
+git config core.symlinks false &&
+l=$(printf file | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git update-index --index-info'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the checked-out symlink must be a file' '
-git-checkout-index symlink &&
+git checkout-index symlink &&
 test -f symlink'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the file must be the blob we added during the setup' '
-test "$(git-hash-object -t blob symlink)" = $l'
+test "$(git hash-object -t blob symlink)" = $l'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..20f33436d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Junio C Hamano
+
+test_description='git checkout to switch between branches with symlink<->dir'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say "symbolic links not supported - skipping tests"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir frotz &&
+	echo hello >frotz/filfre &&
+	git add frotz/filfre &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "master has file frotz/filfre" &&
+
+	git branch side &&
+
+	echo goodbye >nitfol &&
+	git add nitfol
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "master adds file nitfol" &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+
+	git rm --cached frotz/filfre &&
+	mv frotz xyzzy &&
+	ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
+	git add xyzzy/filfre frotz &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "side moves frotz/ to xyzzy/ and adds frotz->xyzzy/"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch from symlink to dir' '
+
+	git checkout master
+
+'
+
+rm -fr frotz xyzzy nitfol &&
+git checkout -f master || exit
+
+test_expect_success 'switch from dir to symlink' '
+
+	git checkout side
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2008-checkout-subdir.sh b/t/t2008-checkout-subdir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3e098ab31e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2008-checkout-subdir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 David Symonds
+
+test_description='git checkout from subdirectories'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo "base" > file0 &&
+	git add file0 &&
+	mkdir dir1 &&
+	echo "hello" > dir1/file1 &&
+	git add dir1/file1 &&
+	mkdir dir2 &&
+	echo "bonjour" > dir2/file2 &&
+	git add dir2/file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "populate tree"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove and restore with relative path' '
+
+	(
+		cd dir1 &&
+		rm ../file0 &&
+		git checkout HEAD -- ../file0 &&
+		test "base" = "$(cat ../file0)" &&
+		rm ../dir2/file2 &&
+		git checkout HEAD -- ../dir2/file2 &&
+		test "bonjour" = "$(cat ../dir2/file2)" &&
+		rm ../file0 ./file1 &&
+		git checkout HEAD -- .. &&
+		test "base" = "$(cat ../file0)" &&
+		test "hello" = "$(cat file1)"
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with empty prefix' '
+
+	rm file0 &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- file0 &&
+	test "base" = "$(cat file0)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with simple prefix' '
+
+	rm dir1/file1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- dir1 &&
+	test "hello" = "$(cat dir1/file1)" &&
+	rm dir1/file1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- dir1/file1 &&
+	test "hello" = "$(cat dir1/file1)"
+
+'
+
+# This is not expected to work as ls-files was not designed
+# to deal with such.  Enable it when ls-files is updated.
+: test_expect_success 'checkout with complex relative path' '
+
+	rm file1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- ../dir1/../dir1/file1 && test -f ./file1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path outside tree should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git checkout HEAD -- ../../Makefile'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect relative path to file should fail (1)' \
+	'test_must_fail git checkout HEAD -- ../file0'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect relative path should fail (2)' \
+	'( cd dir1 && test_must_fail git checkout HEAD -- ./file0 )'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect relative path should fail (3)' \
+	'( cd dir1 && test_must_fail git checkout HEAD -- ../../file0 )'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2009-checkout-statinfo.sh b/t/t2009-checkout-statinfo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f3c2152087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2009-checkout-statinfo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout should leave clean stat info'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	echo hello >world &&
+	git update-index --add world &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+	echo goodbye >world &&
+	git update-index --add world &&
+	git commit -m second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch switching' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = ""
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'path checkout' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout master world &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout side world &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = "" &&
+
+	git checkout master world &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = ""
+
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh b/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7cc0a3582e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout and pathspecs/refspecs ambiguities'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo hello >world &&
+	echo hello >all &&
+	git add all world &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch world
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reference must be a tree' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout $(git hash-object ./all) --
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch switching' '
+	test "refs/heads/master" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
+	git checkout world -- &&
+	test "refs/heads/world" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout world from the index' '
+	echo bye > world &&
+	git checkout -- world &&
+	git diff --exit-code --quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non ambiguous call' '
+	git checkout all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow the most common case' '
+	git checkout world &&
+	test "refs/heads/world" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check ambiguity' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout world all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate checking out from a tree-ish' '
+	echo bye > world &&
+	git checkout world -- world &&
+	git diff --exit-code --quiet
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..15ebdc26eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout switching away from an invalid branch'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo hello >world &&
+	git add world &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout should not start branch from a tree' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b newbranch master^{tree}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout master from invalid HEAD' '
+	echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >.git/HEAD &&
+	git checkout master --
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh b/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..87b30a268c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout can switch to last branch'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo hello >world &&
+	git add world &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch other &&
+	echo "hello again" >>world &&
+	git add world &&
+	git commit -m second
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" does not work initially' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout -
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'first branch switch' '
+	git checkout other
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" switches back' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" switches forth' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/other"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detach HEAD' '
+	git checkout $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" attaches again' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/other"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" detaches again' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "z$(git rev-parse other)" &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'more switches' '
+	for i in 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+	do
+		git checkout -b branch$i
+	done
+'
+
+more_switches () {
+	for i in 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+	do
+		git checkout branch$i
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-1} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to second from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-2} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch3"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to third from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-3} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch4"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to fourth from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-4} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to twelfth from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-12} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch13"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fda3f0af7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout can handle submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir submodule &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 git init &&
+	 test_commit first) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m superproject &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 test_commit second) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m updated.superproject
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"reset <submodule>" updates the index' '
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git reset submodule &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" updates the index only' '
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git checkout HEAD submodule &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2014-switch.sh b/t/t2014-switch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ccfb147113
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2014-switch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Peter MacMillan'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo Hello >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m V1 &&
+	echo Hello world >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git checkout -b other
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check all changes are staged' '
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'second commit' '
+	git commit -m V2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check' '
+	git diff --cached --exit-code
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh b/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b7131d8c08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check problems with relative GIT_DIR
+
+This test creates a working tree state with a file and subdir:
+
+  top (committed several times)
+  subdir (a subdirectory)
+
+It creates a commit-hook and tests it, then moves .git
+into the subdir while keeping the worktree location,
+and tries commits from the top and the subdir, checking
+that the commit-hook still gets called.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+COMMIT_FILE="$(pwd)/output"
+export COMMIT_FILE
+
+test_expect_success 'Setting up post-commit hook' '
+mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+echo >.git/hooks/post-commit "#!/bin/sh
+touch \"\${COMMIT_FILE}\"
+echo Post commit hook was called." &&
+chmod +x .git/hooks/post-commit'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-commit hook used ordinarily' '
+echo initial >top &&
+git add top
+git commit -m initial &&
+test -r "${COMMIT_FILE}"
+'
+
+rm -rf "${COMMIT_FILE}"
+mkdir subdir
+mv .git subdir
+
+test_expect_success 'post-commit-hook created and used from top dir' '
+echo changed >top &&
+git --git-dir subdir/.git add top &&
+git --git-dir subdir/.git commit -m topcommit &&
+test -r "${COMMIT_FILE}"
+'
+
+rm -rf "${COMMIT_FILE}"
+
+test_expect_success 'post-commit-hook from sub dir' '
+echo changed again >top
+cd subdir &&
+git --git-dir .git --work-tree .. add ../top &&
+git --git-dir .git --work-tree .. commit -m subcommit &&
+test -r "${COMMIT_FILE}"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh b/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
index 5bc0a3bed3..2df3fdde8b 100755
--- a/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
+++ b/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-update-index nonsense-path test.
+test_description='git update-index nonsense-path test.
 
 This test creates the following structure in the cache:
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This test creates the following structure in the cache:
     path2/file2 - a file in a directory
     path3/file3 - a file in a directory
 
-and tries to git-update-index --add the following:
+and tries to git update-index --add the following:
 
     path0/file0 - a file in a directory
     path1/file1 - a file in a directory
@@ -26,26 +26,36 @@ All of the attempts should fail.
 
 mkdir path2 path3
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
 date >path2/file2
 date >path3/file3
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add to add various paths.' \
-    'git-update-index --add -- path0 path1 path2/file2 path3/file3'
+    'git update-index --add to add various paths.' \
+    'git update-index --add -- path0 path1 path2/file2 path3/file3'
 
 rm -fr path?
 
 mkdir path0 path1
 date >path2
-ln -s frotz path3
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s frotz path3
+else
+	date > path3
+fi
 date >path0/file0
 date >path1/file1
 
 for p in path0/file0 path1/file1 path2 path3
 do
-	test_expect_failure \
-	    "git-update-index to add conflicting path $p should fail." \
-	    "git-update-index --add -- $p"
+	test_expect_success \
+	    "git update-index to add conflicting path $p should fail." \
+	    "test_must_fail git update-index --add -- $p"
 done
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
index a78ea7f0b0..648184fd98 100755
--- a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
+++ b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-update-index --again test.
+test_description='git update-index --again test.
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -15,32 +15,32 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'update-index --add' \
 	'echo hello world >file1 &&
 	 echo goodbye people >file2 &&
-	 git-update-index --add file1 file2 &&
-	 git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	 git update-index --add file1 file2 &&
+	 git ls-files -s >current &&
 	 cmp current expected'
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index --again' \
 	'rm -f file1 &&
 	echo hello everybody >file2 &&
-	if git-update-index --again
+	if git update-index --again
 	then
 		echo should have refused to remove file1
 		exit 1
 	else
 		echo happy - failed as expected
 	fi &&
-	 git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	 git ls-files -s >current &&
 	 cmp current expected'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 100644 0f1ae1422c2bf43f117d3dbd715c988a9ed2103f 0	file2
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'update-index --remove --again' \
-	'git-update-index --remove --again &&
-	 git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	'git update-index --remove --again &&
+	 git ls-files -s >current &&
 	 cmp current expected'
 
-test_expect_success 'first commit' 'git-commit -m initial'
+test_expect_success 'first commit' 'git commit -m initial'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 100644 53ab446c3f4e42ce9bb728a0ccb283a101be4979 0	dir1/file3
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index again' \
 	'mkdir -p dir1 &&
 	echo hello world >dir1/file3 &&
 	echo goodbye people >file2 &&
-	git-update-index --add file2 dir1/file3 &&
+	git update-index --add file2 dir1/file3 &&
 	echo hello everybody >file2
 	echo happy >dir1/file3 &&
-	git-update-index --again &&
-	git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	git update-index --again &&
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
 	cmp current expected'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index --update from subdir' \
 	'echo not so happy >file2 &&
 	cd dir1 &&
 	cat ../file2 >file3 &&
-	git-update-index --again &&
+	git update-index --again &&
 	cd .. &&
-	git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
 	cmp current expected'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'update-index --update with pathspec' \
 	'echo very happy >file2 &&
 	cat file2 >dir1/file3 &&
-	git-update-index --again dir1/ &&
-	git-ls-files -s >current &&
+	git update-index --again dir1/ &&
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
 	cmp current expected'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh b/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
index 969ef891d3..1ed44ee503 100755
--- a/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
+++ b/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
@@ -3,29 +3,29 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes Sixt
 #
 
-test_description='git-update-index on filesystem w/o symlinks test.
+test_description='git update-index on filesystem w/o symlinks test.
 
-This tests that git-update-index keeps the symbolic link property
+This tests that git update-index keeps the symbolic link property
 even if a plain file is in the working tree if core.symlinks is false.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
 'preparation' '
-git-config core.symlinks false &&
-l=$(echo -n file | git-hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
-echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git-update-index --index-info'
+git config core.symlinks false &&
+l=$(printf file | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git update-index --index-info'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'modify the symbolic link' '
-echo -n new-file > symlink &&
-git-update-index symlink'
+printf new-file > symlink &&
+git update-index symlink'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the index entry must still be a symbolic link' '
-case "`git-ls-files --stage --cached symlink`" in
+case "`git ls-files --stage --cached symlink`" in
 120000" "*symlink) echo ok;;
-*) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage --cached symlink; (exit 1);;
+*) echo fail; git ls-files --stage --cached symlink; (exit 1);;
 esac'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh b/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..332694e7d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='update-index with options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success basics '
+	>one &&
+	>two &&
+	>three &&
+
+	# need --add when adding
+	test_must_fail git update-index one &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files)" &&
+	git update-index --add one &&
+	test zone = "z$(git ls-files)" &&
+
+	# update-index is atomic
+	echo 1 >one &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index one two &&
+	echo "M	one" >expect &&
+	git diff-files --name-status >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git update-index --add one two three &&
+	for i in one three two; do echo $i; done >expect &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		test_create_repo xyzzy &&
+		cd xyzzy &&
+		>file &&
+		git add file
+		git commit -m "sub initial"
+	) &&
+	git add xyzzy &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--ignore-missing --refresh' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	echo 2 >one &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	echo 1 >one &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	rm -f two &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--unmerged --refresh' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	info=$(git ls-files -s one | sed -e "s/ 0	/ 1	/") &&
+	git rm --cached one &&
+	echo "$info" | git update-index --index-info &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	git update-index --unmerged --refresh &&
+	echo 2 >two &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --unmerged --refresh >actual &&
+	grep two actual &&
+	! grep one actual &&
+	! grep three actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules --refresh (1)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	rm -f two &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules --refresh (2)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd xyzzy &&
+		git commit -m "sub second" --allow-empty
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh &&
+	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..912075063b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git add -u
+
+This test creates a working tree state with three files:
+
+  top (previously committed, modified)
+  dir/sub (previously committed, modified)
+  dir/other (untracked)
+
+and issues a git add -u with path limiting on "dir" to add
+only the updates to dir/sub.
+
+Also tested are "git add -u" without limiting, and "git add -u"
+without contents changes, and other conditions'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo initial >check &&
+	echo initial >top &&
+	echo initial >foo &&
+	mkdir dir1 dir2 &&
+	echo initial >dir1/sub1 &&
+	echo initial >dir1/sub2 &&
+	echo initial >dir2/sub3 &&
+	git add check dir1 dir2 top foo &&
+	test_tick
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo changed >check &&
+	echo changed >top &&
+	echo changed >dir2/sub3 &&
+	rm -f dir1/sub1 &&
+	echo other >dir2/other
+'
+
+test_expect_success update '
+	git add -u dir1 dir2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update noticed a removal' '
+	test "$(git ls-files dir1/sub1)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update touched correct path' '
+	test "$(git diff-files --name-status dir2/sub3)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update did not touch other tracked files' '
+	test "$(git diff-files --name-status check)" = "M	check" &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --name-status top)" = "M	top"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update did not touch untracked files' '
+	test "$(git ls-files dir2/other)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cache tree has not been corrupted' '
+
+	git ls-files -s |
+	sed -e "s/ 0	/	/" >expect &&
+	git ls-tree -r $(git write-tree) |
+	sed -e "s/ blob / /" >current &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update from a subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd dir1 &&
+		echo more >sub2 &&
+		git add -u sub2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change gets noticed' '
+
+	test "$(git diff-files --name-status dir1)" = ""
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'replace a file with a symlink' '
+
+	rm foo &&
+	ln -s top foo &&
+	git add -u -- foo
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add everything changed' '
+
+	git add -u &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-files)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'touch and then add -u' '
+
+	touch check &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-files)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'touch and then add explicitly' '
+
+	touch check &&
+	git add check &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-files)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -n -u should not add but just report' '
+
+	(
+		echo "add '\''check'\''" &&
+		echo "remove '\''top'\''"
+	) >expect &&
+	before=$(git ls-files -s check top) &&
+	echo changed >>check &&
+	rm -f top &&
+	git add -n -u >actual &&
+	after=$(git ls-files -s check top) &&
+
+	test "$before" = "$after" &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -u resolves unmerged paths' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	one=$(echo 1 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	two=$(echo 2 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	three=$(echo 3 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	{
+		for path in path1 path2
+		do
+			echo "100644 $one 1	$path"
+			echo "100644 $two 2	$path"
+			echo "100644 $three 3	$path"
+		done
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} |
+	git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo 3 >path1 &&
+	echo 2 >path3 &&
+	echo 2 >path5 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git ls-files -s path1 path2 path3 path4 path5 path6 >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Bonus tests.  Explicit resolving
+	git add path3 path5 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
+	git rm path4 &&
+	git rm path6 &&
+
+	git ls-files -s "path?" >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path3"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path5"
+	} >expect
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2e8f702452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='more git add -u'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>xyzzy &&
+	_empty=$(git hash-object --stdin <xyzzy) &&
+	>yomin &&
+	>caskly &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s frotz nitfol &&
+		T_letter=T
+	else
+		printf %s frotz > nitfol &&
+		T_letter=M
+	fi &&
+	mkdir rezrov &&
+	>rezrov/bozbar &&
+	git add caskly xyzzy yomin nitfol rezrov/bozbar &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success modify '
+	rm -f xyzzy yomin nitfol caskly &&
+	# caskly disappears (not a submodule)
+	mkdir caskly &&
+	# nitfol changes from symlink to regular
+	>nitfol &&
+	# rezrov/bozbar disappears
+	rm -fr rezrov &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s xyzzy rezrov
+	else
+		printf %s xyzzy > rezrov
+	fi &&
+	# xyzzy disappears (not a submodule)
+	mkdir xyzzy &&
+	echo gnusto >xyzzy/bozbar &&
+	# yomin gets replaced with a submodule
+	mkdir yomin &&
+	>yomin/yomin &&
+	(
+		cd yomin &&
+		git init &&
+		git add yomin &&
+		git commit -m "sub initial"
+	) &&
+	yomin=$(GIT_DIR=yomin/.git git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	# yonk is added and then turned into a submodule
+	# this should appear as T in diff-files and as A in diff-index
+	>yonk &&
+	git add yonk &&
+	rm -f yonk &&
+	mkdir yonk &&
+	>yonk/yonk &&
+	(
+		cd yonk &&
+		git init &&
+		git add yonk &&
+		git commit -m "sub initial"
+	) &&
+	yonk=$(GIT_DIR=yonk/.git git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	# zifmia is added and then removed
+	# this should appear in diff-files but not in diff-index.
+	>zifmia &&
+	git add zifmia &&
+	rm -f zifmia &&
+	mkdir zifmia &&
+	{
+		git ls-tree -r HEAD |
+		sed -e "s/^/:/" -e "
+			/	caskly/{
+				s/	caskly/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/blob/000000/
+			}
+			/	nitfol/{
+				s/	nitfol/ $_z40 $T_letter&/
+				s/blob/100644/
+			}
+			/	rezrov.bozbar/{
+				s/	rezrov.bozbar/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/blob/000000/
+			}
+			/	xyzzy/{
+				s/	xyzzy/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/blob/000000/
+			}
+			/	yomin/{
+			    s/	yomin/ $_z40 T&/
+				s/blob/160000/
+			}
+		"
+	} >expect &&
+	{
+		cat expect
+		echo ":100644 160000 $_empty $_z40 T	yonk"
+		echo ":100644 000000 $_empty $_z40 D	zifmia"
+	} >expect-files &&
+	{
+		cat expect
+		echo ":000000 160000 $_z40 $_z40 A	yonk"
+	} >expect-index &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $_empty 0	nitfol"
+		echo "160000 $yomin 0	yomin"
+		echo "160000 $yonk 0	yonk"
+	} >expect-final
+'
+
+test_expect_success diff-files '
+	git diff-files --raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect-files actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success diff-index '
+	git diff-index --raw HEAD -- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect-index actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -u' '
+	rm -f ".git/saved-index" &&
+	cp -p ".git/index" ".git/saved-index" &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect-final actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit -a' '
+	if test -f ".git/saved-index"
+	then
+		rm -f ".git/index" &&
+		mv ".git/saved-index" ".git/index"
+	fi &&
+	git commit -m "second" -a &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect-final actual &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git read-tree HEAD &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect-final actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh b/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6a8151064c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git add --all'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	(
+		echo .gitignore
+		echo will-remove
+	) >expect &&
+	(
+		echo actual
+		echo expect
+		echo ignored
+	) >.gitignore &&
+	>will-remove &&
+	git add --all &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --all' '
+	(
+		echo .gitignore
+		echo not-ignored
+		echo "M	.gitignore"
+		echo "A	not-ignored"
+		echo "D	will-remove"
+	) >expect &&
+	>ignored &&
+	>not-ignored &&
+	echo modification >>.gitignore &&
+	rm -f will-remove &&
+	git add --all &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	git diff-index --name-status --cached HEAD >>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..58a329961e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Intent to add'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'intent to add' '
+	echo hello >file &&
+	echo hello >elif &&
+	git add -N file &&
+	git add elif
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check result of "add -N"' '
+	git ls-files -s file >actual &&
+	empty=$(git hash-object --stdin </dev/null) &&
+	echo "100644 $empty 0	file" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'intent to add is just an ordinary empty blob' '
+	git add -u &&
+	git ls-files -s file >actual &&
+	git ls-files -s elif | sed -e "s/elif/file/" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'intent to add does not clobber existing paths' '
+	git add -N file elif &&
+	empty=$(git hash-object --stdin </dev/null) &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	! grep "$empty" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cannot commit with i-t-a entry' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m initial &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo xyzzy >rezrov &&
+	echo frotz >nitfol &&
+	git add rezrov &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	test_must_fail git commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can commit with an unrelated i-t-a entry in index' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo xyzzy >rezrov &&
+	echo frotz >nitfol &&
+	git add rezrov &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	git commit -m partial rezrov
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can "commit -a" with an i-t-a entry' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	: >nitfol &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	git commit -a -m all
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3b01ad2e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='cd_to_toplevel'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel () {
+	test_expect_success $3 "$2" '
+		(
+			cd '"'$1'"' &&
+			. git-sh-setup &&
+			cd_to_toplevel &&
+			[ "$(pwd -P)" = "$TOPLEVEL" ]
+		)
+	'
+}
+
+TOPLEVEL="$(pwd -P)/repo"
+mkdir -p repo/sub/dir
+mv .git repo/
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel repo 'at physical root'
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel repo/sub/dir 'at physical subdir'
+
+ln -s repo symrepo 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel symrepo 'at symbolic root' SYMLINKS
+
+ln -s repo/sub/dir subdir-link 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel subdir-link 'at symbolic subdir' SYMLINKS
+
+cd repo
+ln -s sub/dir internal-link 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel internal-link 'at internal symbolic subdir' SYMLINKS
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
index adcbe03d56..86291e8399 100755
--- a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
+++ b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-files test (--others should pick up symlinks).
+test_description='git ls-files test (--others should pick up symlinks).
 
-This test runs git-ls-files --others with the following on the
+This test runs git ls-files --others with the following on the
 filesystem.
 
     path0       - a file
@@ -13,21 +13,28 @@ filesystem.
     path2/file2 - a file in a directory
     path3-junk  - a file to confuse things
     path3/file3 - a file in a directory
+    path4       - an empty directory
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
-mkdir path2 path3
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
+mkdir path2 path3 path4
 date >path2/file2
 date >path2-junk
 date >path3/file3
 date >path3-junk
-git-update-index --add path3-junk path3/file3
+git update-index --add path3-junk path3/file3
 
 cat >expected1 <<EOF
 expected1
 expected2
+expected3
 output
 path0
 path1
@@ -35,22 +42,32 @@ path2-junk
 path2/file2
 EOF
 sed -e 's|path2/file2|path2/|' <expected1 >expected2
+cat <expected2 >expected3
+echo path4/ >>expected2
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others to show output.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others >output'
+    'git ls-files --others to show output.' \
+    'git ls-files --others >output'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others should pick up symlinks.' \
-    'diff output expected1'
+    'git ls-files --others should pick up symlinks.' \
+    'test_cmp expected1 output'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others --directory to show output.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others --directory >output'
+    'git ls-files --others --directory to show output.' \
+    'git ls-files --others --directory >output'
 
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others --directory should not get confused.' \
-    'diff output expected2'
+    'git ls-files --others --directory should not get confused.' \
+    'test_cmp expected2 output'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git ls-files --others --directory --no-empty-directory to show output.' \
+    'git ls-files --others --directory --no-empty-directory >output'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '--no-empty-directory hides empty directory' \
+    'test_cmp expected3 output'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index db7a847a5d..c65bca8388 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-files --others --exclude
+test_description='git ls-files --others --exclude
 
-This test runs git-ls-files --others and tests --exclude patterns.
+This test runs git ls-files --others and tests --exclude patterns.
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ do
     >$dir/a.$i
   done
 done
+>"#ignore1"
+>"#ignore2"
+>"#hidden"
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 a.2
@@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ three/a.8
 EOF
 
 echo '.gitignore
+\#ignore1
+\#ignore2*
+\#hid*n
 output
 expect
 .gitignore
@@ -59,24 +65,92 @@ echo '!*.2
 !*.8' >one/two/.gitignore
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others with various exclude options.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others \
+    'git ls-files --others with various exclude options.' \
+    'git ls-files --others \
        --exclude=\*.6 \
        --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore \
        --exclude-from=.git/ignore \
        >output &&
-     git diff expect output'
+     test_cmp expect output'
 
 # Test \r\n (MSDOS-like systems)
 printf '*.1\r\n/*.3\r\n!*.6\r\n' >.gitignore
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --others with \r\n line endings.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others \
+    'git ls-files --others with \r\n line endings.' \
+    'git ls-files --others \
        --exclude=\*.6 \
        --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore \
        --exclude-from=.git/ignore \
        >output &&
-     git diff expect output'
+     test_cmp expect output'
+
+cat > excludes-file <<\EOF
+*.[1-8]
+e*
+\#*
+EOF
+
+git config core.excludesFile excludes-file
+
+git status | grep "^#	" > output
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+#	.gitignore
+#	a.6
+#	one/
+#	output
+#	three/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git status honors core.excludesfile' \
+	'test_cmp expect output'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude allows directory match(1)' '
+
+	git ls-files --others --exclude=one/ >output &&
+	if grep "^one/" output
+	then
+		echo Ooops
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude allows directory match (2)' '
+
+	git ls-files --others --exclude=one/two/ >output &&
+	if grep "^one/two/" output
+	then
+		echo Ooops
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude forces directory match (1)' '
+
+	>two
+	git ls-files --others --exclude=two/ >output &&
+	grep "^two" output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude forces directory match (2)' '
+
+	git ls-files --others --exclude=one/a.1/ >output &&
+	grep "^one/a.1" output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'negated exclude matches can override previous ones' '
+
+	git ls-files --others --exclude="a.*" --exclude="!a.1" >output &&
+	grep "^a.1" output
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3002-ls-files-dashpath.sh b/t/t3002-ls-files-dashpath.sh
index cc8967d76b..8704b04e1b 100755
--- a/t/t3002-ls-files-dashpath.sh
+++ b/t/t3002-ls-files-dashpath.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-files test (-- to terminate the path list).
+test_description='git ls-files test (-- to terminate the path list).
 
-This test runs git-ls-files --others with the following on the
+This test runs git ls-files --others with the following on the
 filesystem.
 
     path0       - a file
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ test_expect_success \
 	echo frotz >./--'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files without path restriction.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others >output &&
-     git diff output - <<EOF
+    'git ls-files without path restriction.' \
+    'git ls-files --others >output &&
+     test_cmp output - <<EOF
 --
 -foo
 output
@@ -32,33 +32,33 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files with path restriction.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others path0 >output &&
-	git diff output - <<EOF
+    'git ls-files with path restriction.' \
+    'git ls-files --others path0 >output &&
+	test_cmp output - <<EOF
 path0
 EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files with path restriction with --.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others -- path0 >output &&
-	git diff output - <<EOF
+    'git ls-files with path restriction with --.' \
+    'git ls-files --others -- path0 >output &&
+	test_cmp output - <<EOF
 path0
 EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files with path restriction with -- --.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others -- -- >output &&
-	git diff output - <<EOF
+    'git ls-files with path restriction with -- --.' \
+    'git ls-files --others -- -- >output &&
+	test_cmp output - <<EOF
 --
 EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files with no path restriction.' \
-    'git-ls-files --others -- >output &&
-	git diff output - <<EOF
+    'git ls-files with no path restriction.' \
+    'git ls-files --others -- >output &&
+	test_cmp output - <<EOF
 --
 -foo
 output
diff --git a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
index 5fc1976711..95671c2053 100755
--- a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
+++ b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-files -k and -m flags test.
+test_description='git ls-files -k and -m flags test.
 
 This test prepares the following in the cache:
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ and the following on the filesystem:
     path5	- a symlink
     path6/file6 - a file in a directory
 
-git-ls-files -k should report that existing filesystem
+git ls-files -k should report that existing filesystem
 objects except path4, path5 and path6/file6 to be killed.
 
 Also for modification test, the cache and working tree have:
@@ -38,7 +38,12 @@ modified without reporting path9 and path10.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
 mkdir path2 path3
 date >path2/file2
 date >path3/file3
@@ -47,13 +52,19 @@ date >path8
 : >path9
 date >path10
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-update-index --add to add various paths.' \
-    "git-update-index --add -- path0 path1 path?/file? path7 path8 path9 path10"
+    'git update-index --add to add various paths.' \
+    "git update-index --add -- path0 path1 path?/file? path7 path8 path9 path10"
 
 rm -fr path? ;# leave path10 alone
 date >path2
-ln -s frotz path3
-ln -s nitfol path5
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s frotz path3
+	ln -s nitfol path5
+else
+	date > path3
+	date > path5
+fi
 mkdir path0 path1 path6
 date >path0/file0
 date >path1/file1
@@ -64,8 +75,8 @@ date >path7
 touch path10
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files -k to show killed files.' \
-    'git-ls-files -k >.output'
+    'git ls-files -k to show killed files.' \
+    'git ls-files -k >.output'
 cat >.expected <<EOF
 path0/file0
 path1/file1
@@ -74,12 +85,12 @@ path3
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'validate git-ls-files -k output.' \
-    'diff .output .expected'
+    'validate git ls-files -k output.' \
+    'test_cmp .expected .output'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files -m to show modified files.' \
-    'git-ls-files -m >.output'
+    'git ls-files -m to show modified files.' \
+    'git ls-files -m >.output'
 cat >.expected <<EOF
 path0
 path1
@@ -90,7 +101,7 @@ path8
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'validate git-ls-files -m output.' \
-    'diff .output .expected'
+    'validate git ls-files -m output.' \
+    'test_cmp .expected .output'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh b/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
index d55559e553..f4066cbc09 100755
--- a/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
+++ b/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
@@ -3,25 +3,25 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Carl D. Worth
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-files test for --error-unmatch option
+test_description='git ls-files test for --error-unmatch option
 
-This test runs git-ls-files --error-unmatch to ensure it correctly
+This test runs git ls-files --error-unmatch to ensure it correctly
 returns an error when a non-existent path is provided on the command
 line.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 touch foo bar
-git-update-index --add foo bar
-git-commit -m "add foo bar"
+git update-index --add foo bar
+git commit -m "add foo bar"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git-ls-files --error-unmatch should fail with unmatched path.' \
-    'git-ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar-does-not-match'
+test_expect_success \
+    'git ls-files --error-unmatch should fail with unmatched path.' \
+    'test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar-does-not-match'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-ls-files --error-unmatch should succeed eith matched paths.' \
-    'git-ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar'
+    'git ls-files --error-unmatch should succeed eith matched paths.' \
+    'git ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar'
 
 test_done
 1
diff --git a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9b3fa2bdcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,552 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge-recursive backend test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 1' '
+
+	echo hello >a &&
+	o0=$(git hash-object a) &&
+	cp a b &&
+	cp a c &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	cp a d/e &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git add a b c d/e &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	c0=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git branch side &&
+	git branch df-1 &&
+	git branch df-2 &&
+	git branch df-3 &&
+	git branch remove &&
+
+	echo hello >>a &&
+	cp a d/e &&
+	o1=$(git hash-object a) &&
+
+	git add a d/e &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "master modifies a and d/e" &&
+	c1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o1	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o1	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 2' '
+
+	rm -rf [abcd] &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	echo goodbye >>a &&
+	o2=$(git hash-object a) &&
+
+	git add a &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "side modifies a" &&
+	c2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o2	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o2 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 3' '
+
+	rm -rf [abcd] &&
+	git checkout df-1 &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	rm -f b && mkdir b && echo df-1 >b/c && git add b/c &&
+	o3=$(git hash-object b/c) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "df-1 makes b/c" &&
+	c3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o3	b/c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 4' '
+
+	rm -rf [abcd] &&
+	git checkout df-2 &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	rm -f a && mkdir a && echo df-2 >a/c && git add a/c &&
+	o4=$(git hash-object a/c) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "df-2 makes a/c" &&
+	c4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o4	a/c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 5' '
+
+	rm -rf [abcd] &&
+	git checkout remove &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	rm -f b &&
+	echo remove-conflict >a &&
+
+	git add a &&
+	git rm b &&
+	o5=$(git hash-object a) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "remove removes b and modifies a" &&
+	c5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o5	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o5 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup 6' '
+
+	rm -rf [abcd] &&
+	git checkout df-3 &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	rm -fr d && echo df-3 >d && git add d &&
+	o6=$(git hash-object d) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "df-3 makes d" &&
+	c6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o6	d"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o6 0	d"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive simple' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git checkout -f "$c2" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c2" "$c1"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive result' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
+		echo "100644 $o2 2	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 3	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if the index has unresolved entries' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" &&
+	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
+	grep "You have not concluded your merge" out &&
+	rm -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
+	grep "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge" out
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remove conflict' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c5"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remove conflict' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 2	a"
+		echo "100644 $o5 3	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f simple' '
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c3"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive result' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c4"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 2	a"
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict the other way' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f "$c4" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c4" "$c1"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result the other way' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 3	a"
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c6"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o6 3	d"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 2	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict' '
+
+	rm -fr [abcd] &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f "$c6" &&
+
+	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c6" "$c1"
+	status=$?
+	case "$status" in
+	1)
+		: happy
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
+
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o6 2	d"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 3	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset and 3-way merge' '
+
+	git reset --hard "$c2" &&
+	git read-tree -m "$c0" "$c2" "$c1"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset and bind merge' '
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git read-tree --prefix=M/ master &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git read-tree --prefix=a1/ master &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+	git read-tree --prefix=z/ master &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	z/a"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/b"
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	z/d/e"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge removes empty directories' '
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b rm &&
+	git rm d/e &&
+	git commit -mremoved-d/e &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge -s recursive rm &&
+	test_must_fail test -d d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7f41607c56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge-recursive backend test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#         A      <- create some files
+#        / \
+#       B   C    <- cause rename/delete conflicts between B and C
+#      /     \
+#     |\     /|
+#     | D   E |
+#     |  \ /  |
+#     |   X   |
+#     |  / \  |
+#     | /   \ |
+#     |/     \|
+#     F       G  <- merge E into B, D into C
+#      \     /
+#       \   /
+#        \ /
+#         H      <- recursive merge crashes
+#
+
+# initialize
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with criss-cross history' '
+	mkdir data &&
+
+	# create a bunch of files
+	n=1 &&
+	while test $n -le 10
+	do
+		echo $n > data/$n &&
+		n=$(($n+1)) ||
+		break
+	done &&
+
+	# check them in
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m A &&
+	git branch A &&
+
+	# a file in one branch
+	git checkout -b B A &&
+	git rm data/9 &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m B &&
+
+	# with a branch off of it
+	git branch D &&
+
+	# put some commits on D
+	git checkout D &&
+	echo testD > data/testD &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m D &&
+
+	# back up to the top, create another branch and cause
+	# a rename conflict with the file we deleted earlier
+	git checkout -b C A &&
+	git mv data/9 data/new-9 &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m C &&
+
+	# with a branch off of it
+	git branch E &&
+
+	# put a commit on E
+	git checkout E &&
+	echo testE > data/testE &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m E &&
+
+	# now, merge E into B
+	git checkout B &&
+	test_must_fail git merge E &&
+	# force-resolve
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m F &&
+	git branch F &&
+
+	# and merge D into C
+	git checkout C &&
+	test_must_fail git merge D &&
+	# force-resolve
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m G &&
+	git branch G
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive merge between F and G, causes segfault' '
+	git merge F
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f6973e96a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Basic subproject functionality'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'Super project creation' \
+    ': >Makefile &&
+    git add Makefile &&
+    git commit -m "Superproject created"'
+
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+:000000 160000 00000... A	sub1
+:000000 160000 00000... A	sub2
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'create subprojects' \
+    'mkdir sub1 &&
+    ( cd sub1 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
+    git commit -q -m "subproject 1" ) &&
+    mkdir sub2 &&
+    ( cd sub2 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
+    git commit -q -m "subproject 2" ) &&
+    git update-index --add sub1 &&
+    git add sub2 &&
+    git commit -q -m "subprojects added" &&
+    git diff-tree --abbrev=5 HEAD^ HEAD |cut -d" " -f-3,5- >current &&
+    test_cmp expected current'
+
+git branch save HEAD
+
+test_expect_success 'check if fsck ignores the subprojects' \
+    'git fsck --full'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if commit in a subproject detected' \
+    '( cd sub1 &&
+    echo "all:" >>Makefile &&
+    echo "	true" >>Makefile &&
+    git commit -q -a -m "make all" ) && {
+        git diff-files --exit-code
+	test $? = 1
+    }'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if a changed subproject HEAD can be committed' \
+    'git commit -q -a -m "sub1 changed" && {
+	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+	test $? = 1
+    }'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if diff-index works for subproject elements' \
+    'git diff-index --exit-code --cached save -- sub1
+    test $? = 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if diff-tree works for subproject elements' \
+    'git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- sub1
+    test $? = 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if git diff works for subproject elements' \
+    'git diff --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+    test $? = 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if clone works' \
+    'git ls-files -s >expected &&
+    git clone -l -s . cloned &&
+    ( cd cloned && git ls-files -s ) >current &&
+    test_cmp expected current'
+
+test_expect_success 'removing and adding subproject' \
+    'git update-index --force-remove -- sub2 &&
+    mv sub2 sub3 &&
+    git add sub3 &&
+    git commit -q -m "renaming a subproject" && {
+	git diff -M --name-status --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+	test $? = 1
+    }'
+
+# the index must contain the object name the HEAD of the
+# subproject sub1 was at the point "save"
+test_expect_success 'checkout in superproject' \
+    'git checkout save &&
+    git diff-index --exit-code --raw --cached save -- sub1'
+
+# just interesting what happened...
+# git diff --name-status -M save master
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4261e9641e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetching and pushing project with subproject'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	mkdir -p sub && (
+		cd sub &&
+		git init &&
+		>subfile &&
+		git add subfile
+		git commit -m "subproject commit #1"
+	) &&
+	>mainfile
+	git add sub mainfile &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "superproject commit #1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success clone '
+	git clone "file://$(pwd)/.git" cloned &&
+	(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >expected &&
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success advance '
+	echo more >mainfile &&
+	git update-index --force-remove sub &&
+	mv sub/.git sub/.git-disabled &&
+	git add sub/subfile mainfile &&
+	mv sub/.git-disabled sub/.git &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "superproject commit #2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success fetch '
+	(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >expected &&
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git pull &&
+		(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh b/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3ce501bb97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Carl D. Worth
+#
+
+test_description='git ls-files test (--with-tree).
+
+This test runs git ls-files --with-tree and in particular in
+a scenario known to trigger a crash with some versions of git.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	# The bug we are exercising requires a fair number of entries
+	# in a sub-directory so that add_index_entry will trigger a
+	# realloc.
+
+	echo file >expected &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	bad= &&
+	for n in 0 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		for m in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			num=00$n$m &&
+			>sub/file-$num &&
+			echo file-$num >>expected || {
+				bad=t
+				break
+			}
+		done && test -z "$bad" || {
+			bad=t
+			break
+		}
+	done && test -z "$bad" &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m "add a bunch of files" &&
+
+	# We remove them all so that we will have something to add
+	# back with --with-tree and so that we will definitely be
+	# under the realloc size to trigger the bug.
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	git commit -a -m "remove them all" &&
+
+	# The bug also requires some entry before our directory so that
+	# prune_path will modify the_index.cache
+
+	mkdir a_directory_that_sorts_before_sub &&
+	>a_directory_that_sorts_before_sub/file &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	>sub/file &&
+	git add .
+'
+
+# We have to run from a sub-directory to trigger prune_path
+# Then we finally get to run our --with-tree test
+cd sub
+
+test_expect_success 'git -ls-files --with-tree should succeed from subdir' '
+
+	git ls-files --with-tree=HEAD~1 >../output
+
+'
+
+cd ..
+test_expect_success \
+    'git -ls-files --with-tree should add entries from named tree.' \
+    'test_cmp expected output'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
index e10749245b..ee60d03fe8 100755
--- a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
+++ b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-tree test.
+test_description='git ls-tree test.
 
-This test runs git-ls-tree with the following in a tree.
+This test runs git ls-tree with the following in a tree.
 
     path0       - a file
     path1	- a symlink
@@ -22,26 +22,38 @@ test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'mkdir path2 path2/baz &&
      echo Hi >path0 &&
-     ln -s path0 path1 &&
+     if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+     then
+	ln -s path0 path1 &&
+	ln -s ../path1 path2/bazbo
+	make_expected () {
+		cat >expected
+	}
+     else
+	printf path0 > path1 &&
+	printf ../path1 > path2/bazbo
+	make_expected () {
+		sed -e "s/120000 /100644 /" >expected
+	}
+     fi &&
      echo Lo >path2/foo &&
-     ln -s ../path1 path2/bazbo &&
      echo Mi >path2/baz/b &&
      find path? \( -type f -o -type l \) -print |
-     xargs git-update-index --add &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
+     xargs git update-index --add &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $tree'
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 test_output () {
     sed -e "s/ $_x40	/ X	/" <current >check
-    git diff expected check
+    test_cmp expected check
 }
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree plain' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 040000 tree X	path2
@@ -50,8 +62,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree -r $tree >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 100644 blob X	path2/baz/b
@@ -62,8 +74,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive with -t' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r -t $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 040000 tree X	path2
@@ -76,8 +88,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive with -d' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r -d $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree -r -d $tree >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 EOF
@@ -85,8 +97,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
@@ -95,8 +107,8 @@ EOF
 # they are shown in canonical order.
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path1 path0' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path1 path0 >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path1 path0 >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 EOF
@@ -104,8 +116,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path0/' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path0/ >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path0/ >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
@@ -113,8 +125,8 @@ EOF
 # with pathspec semantics it shows only path2
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path2 >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path2 >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 EOF
      test_output'
@@ -122,8 +134,8 @@ EOF
 # ... and path2/ shows the children.
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path2/ >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path2/ >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 120000 blob X	path2/bazbo
 100644 blob X	path2/foo
@@ -134,23 +146,23 @@ EOF
 # path2/baz
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/baz' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path2/baz >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path2/baz >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 EOF
      test_output'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/bak' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path2/bak >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path2/bak >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree -t filtered with path2/bak' \
-    'git-ls-tree -t $tree path2/bak >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+    'git ls-tree -t $tree path2/bak >current &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 EOF
      test_output'
diff --git a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
index 087929a4bf..51cb4a30f5 100755
--- a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
+++ b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Robert Fitzsimons
 #
 
-test_description='git-ls-tree directory and filenames handling.
+test_description='git ls-tree directory and filenames handling.
 
-This test runs git-ls-tree with the following in a tree.
+This test runs git ls-tree with the following in a tree.
 
     1.txt              - a file
     2.txt              - a file
@@ -35,20 +35,20 @@ test_expect_success \
      echo 111 >path3/1.txt &&
      echo 222 >path3/2.txt &&
      find *.txt path* \( -type f -o -type l \) -print |
-     xargs git-update-index --add &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
+     xargs git update-index --add &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $tree'
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 test_output () {
     sed -e "s/ $_x40	/ X	/" <current >check
-    git diff expected check
+    test_cmp expected check
 }
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree plain' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	1.txt
 100644 blob X	2.txt
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ EOF
 # Recursive does not show tree nodes anymore...
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive' \
-    'git-ls-tree -r $tree >current &&
+    'git ls-tree -r $tree >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	1.txt
 100644 blob X	2.txt
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter 1.txt' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree 1.txt >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree 1.txt >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	1.txt
 EOF
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter path1/b/c/1.txt' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path1/b/c/1.txt >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path1/b/c/1.txt >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path1/b/c/1.txt
 EOF
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter all 1.txt files' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree 1.txt path0/a/b/c/1.txt path1/b/c/1.txt path2/1.txt path3/1.txt >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree 1.txt path0/a/b/c/1.txt path1/b/c/1.txt path2/1.txt path3/1.txt >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	1.txt
 100644 blob X	path0/a/b/c/1.txt
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ EOF
 # it behaves as if path0/a/b/c, path1/b/c, path2 and path3 are specified.
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter directories' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree path3 path2 path0/a/b/c path1/b/c path0/a >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree path3 path2 path0/a/b/c path1/b/c path0/a >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path0/a/b/c
 040000 tree X	path1/b/c
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ EOF
 # having 1.txt and path3
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter odd names' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree 1.txt /1.txt //1.txt path3/1.txt /path3/1.txt //path3//1.txt path3 /path3/ path3// >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree 1.txt ./1.txt .//1.txt path3/1.txt path3/./1.txt path3 path3// >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	1.txt
 100644 blob X	path3/1.txt
@@ -130,9 +130,15 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filter missing files and extra slashes' \
-    'git-ls-tree $tree 1.txt/ abc.txt path3//23.txt path3/2.txt/// >current &&
+    'git ls-tree $tree 1.txt/ abc.txt path3//23.txt path3/2.txt/// >current &&
      cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree filter is leading path match' '
+	git ls-tree $tree pa path3/a >current &&
+	>expected &&
+	test_output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index 828d553a4b..d59a9b4aef 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -13,22 +13,26 @@ handled.  Specifically, that a bogus branch is not created.
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare a trivial repository' \
     'echo Hello > A &&
-     git-update-index --add A &&
-     git-commit -m "Initial commit." &&
-     HEAD=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Initial commit." &&
+     echo World >> A &&
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Second commit." &&
+     HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git branch --help should not have created a bogus branch' \
-    'git-branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || :
-     test -f .git/refs/heads/--help'
+test_expect_success \
+    'git branch --help should not have created a bogus branch' '
+     git branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null;
+     ! test -f .git/refs/heads/--help
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch abc should create a branch' \
-    'git-branch abc && test -f .git/refs/heads/abc'
+    'git branch abc && test -f .git/refs/heads/abc'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch a/b/c should create a branch' \
-    'git-branch a/b/c && test -f .git/refs/heads/a/b/c'
+    'git branch a/b/c && test -f .git/refs/heads/a/b/c'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
@@ -36,132 +40,177 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     git-branch -l d/e/f &&
+     git branch -l d/e/f &&
 	 test -f .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
 	 test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
 	 diff expect .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -d d/e/f should delete a branch and a log' \
-	'git-branch -d d/e/f &&
+	'git branch -d d/e/f &&
 	 test ! -f .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
 	 test ! -f .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch j/k should work after branch j has been deleted' \
-       'git-branch j &&
-        git-branch -d j &&
-        git-branch j/k'
+       'git branch j &&
+        git branch -d j &&
+        git branch j/k'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch l should work after branch l/m has been deleted' \
-       'git-branch l/m &&
-        git-branch -d l/m &&
-        git-branch l'
+       'git branch l/m &&
+        git branch -d l/m &&
+        git branch l'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -m m m/m should work' \
-       'git-branch -l m &&
-        git-branch -m m m/m &&
+       'git branch -l m &&
+        git branch -m m m/m &&
         test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/m/m'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -m n/n n should work' \
-       'git-branch -l n/n &&
-        git-branch -m n/n n
+       'git branch -l n/n &&
+        git branch -m n/n n
         test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/n'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git branch -m o/o o should fail when o/p exists' \
-       'git-branch o/o &&
-        git-branch o/p &&
-        git-branch -m o/o o'
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m o/o o should fail when o/p exists' '
+	git branch o/o &&
+        git branch o/p &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -m o/o o
+'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git branch -m q r/q should fail when r exists' \
-       'git-branch q &&
-         git-branch r &&
-         git-branch -m q r/q'
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m q r/q should fail when r exists' '
+	git branch q &&
+	git branch r &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -m q r/q
+'
 
 mv .git/config .git/config-saved
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m q q2 without config should succeed' '
-	git-branch -m q q2 &&
-	git-branch -m q2 q
+	git branch -m q q2 &&
+	git branch -m q2 q
 '
 
 mv .git/config-saved .git/config
 
-git-config branch.s/s.dummy Hello
+git config branch.s/s.dummy Hello
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -m s/s s should work when s/t is deleted' \
-       'git-branch -l s/s &&
+       'git branch -l s/s &&
         test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/s/s &&
-        git-branch -l s/t &&
+        git branch -l s/t &&
         test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/s/t &&
-        git-branch -d s/t &&
-        git-branch -m s/s s &&
+        git branch -d s/t &&
+        git branch -m s/s s &&
         test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/s'
 
 test_expect_success 'config information was renamed, too' \
-	"test $(git-config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
-	 ! git-config branch.s/s/dummy"
+	"test $(git config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
+	 test_must_fail git config branch.s/s/dummy"
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git-branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' \
-    'git-branch -l u &&
+test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' \
+'
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/master2 refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -m master2 master3 &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/master2 &&
+	test -f .git/refs/heads/master &&
+	! test -f .git/refs/heads/master3
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+    'git branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' '
+     git branch -l u &&
      mv .git/logs/refs/heads/u real-u &&
      ln -s real-u .git/logs/refs/heads/u &&
-     git-branch -m u v'
+     test_must_fail git branch -m u v
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track' \
-    'git-config remote.local.url . &&
-     git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
-     git-branch --track my1 local/master &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my1.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my1.merge) = refs/heads/master'
+    'git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch --track my1 local/master &&
+     test $(git config branch.my1.remote) = local &&
+     test $(git config branch.my1.merge) = refs/heads/master'
 
 test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, matching)' \
-    'git-config remote.local.url . &&
-     git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/local/master &&
-     (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
-     git-branch --track my4 local/master &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my4.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my4.merge) = refs/heads/master'
+    'git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/local/master &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch --track my4 local/master &&
+     test $(git config branch.my4.remote) = local &&
+     test $(git config branch.my4.merge) = refs/heads/master'
 
 test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, not matching)' \
-    'git-config remote.local.url . &&
-     git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/s:refs/remotes/local/s &&
-     (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
-     git-branch --track my5 local/master &&
-     ! test $(git-config branch.my5.remote) = local &&
-     ! test $(git-config branch.my5.merge) = refs/heads/master'
+    'git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/s:refs/remotes/local/s &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch --track my5 local/master &&
+     ! test "$(git config branch.my5.remote)" = local &&
+     ! test "$(git config branch.my5.merge)" = refs/heads/master'
 
 test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via config' \
-    'git-config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
-     git-config remote.local.url . &&
-     git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
-     git-branch my3 local/master &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my3.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my3.merge) = refs/heads/master'
+    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+     git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch my3 local/master &&
+     test $(git config branch.my3.remote) = local &&
+     test $(git config branch.my3.merge) = refs/heads/master'
 
 test_expect_success 'test overriding tracking setup via --no-track' \
-    'git-config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
-     git-config remote.local.url . &&
-     git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
-     git-branch --no-track my2 local/master &&
-     git-config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
-     ! test $(git-config branch.my2.remote) = local &&
-     ! test $(git-config branch.my2.merge) = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'test local tracking setup' \
-    'git branch --track my6 s &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my6.remote) = . &&
-     test $(git-config branch.my6.merge) = refs/heads/s'
+    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+     git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch --no-track my2 local/master &&
+     git config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
+     ! test "$(git config branch.my2.remote)" = local &&
+     ! test "$(git config branch.my2.merge)" = refs/heads/master'
+
+test_expect_success 'no tracking without .fetch entries' \
+    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+     git branch my6 s &&
+     git config branch.automsetupmerge false &&
+     test -z "$(git config branch.my6.remote)" &&
+     test -z "$(git config branch.my6.merge)"'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track but deeper' \
+    'git config remote.local.url . &&
+     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o/o || git fetch local) &&
+     git branch --track my7 local/o/o &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" = local &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my7.merge)" = refs/heads/o/o'
+
+test_expect_success 'test deleting branch deletes branch config' \
+    'git branch -d my7 &&
+     test -z "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" &&
+     test -z "$(git config branch.my7.merge)"'
+
+test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' \
+    'git branch my7 s &&
+     sha1=$(git rev-parse my7 | cut -c 1-7) &&
+     test "$(git branch -d my7 2>&1)" = "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)."'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' \
+    'git branch --track my8 &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my8.remote)" &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my8.merge)"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'branch from non-branch HEAD w/autosetupmerge=always' \
+    'git config branch.autosetupmerge always &&
+     git branch my9 HEAD^ &&
+     git config branch.autosetupmerge false'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'branch from non-branch HEAD w/--track causes failure' \
+    'test_must_fail git branch --track my10 HEAD^'
 
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -170,9 +219,253 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'git checkout -b g/h/i -l should create a branch and a log' \
 	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     git-checkout -b g/h/i -l master &&
+     git checkout -b g/h/i -l master &&
 	 test -f .git/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
 	 test -f .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
 	 diff expect .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i'
 
+test_expect_success 'avoid ambiguous track' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+	git config remote.ambi1.url lalala &&
+	git config remote.ambi1.fetch refs/heads/lalala:refs/heads/master &&
+	git config remote.ambi2.url lilili &&
+	git config remote.ambi2.fetch refs/heads/lilili:refs/heads/master &&
+	git branch all1 master &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.all1.merge)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase local on a tracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase local &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch mybase &&
+	git branch --track myr1 mybase &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr1.remote)" = . &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr1.merge)" = refs/heads/mybase &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr1.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase always on a tracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase always &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch mybase2 &&
+	git branch --track myr2 mybase &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr2.remote)" = . &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr2.merge)" = refs/heads/mybase &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr2.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase remote on a tracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch mybase3 &&
+	git branch --track myr3 mybase2 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr3.remote)" = . &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr3.merge)" = refs/heads/mybase2 &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.myr3.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase never on a tracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase never &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch mybase4 &&
+	git branch --track myr4 mybase2 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr4.remote)" = . &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr4.merge)" = refs/heads/mybase2 &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.myr4.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase local on a tracked remote branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase local &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track myr5 local/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr5.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr5.merge)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.myr5.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase never on a tracked remote branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase never &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track myr6 local/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr6.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr6.merge)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.myr6.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase remote on a tracked remote branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track myr7 local/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr7.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr7.merge)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr7.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase always on a tracked remote branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track myr8 local/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr8.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr8.merge)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr8.rebase)" = true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase unconfigured on a tracked remote branch' '
+	git config --unset branch.autosetuprebase &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track myr9 local/master &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr9.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr9.merge)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr9.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase unconfigured on a tracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch mybase10 &&
+	git branch --track myr10 mybase2 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr10.remote)" = . &&
+	test "$(git config branch.myr10.merge)" = refs/heads/mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr10.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase unconfigured on untracked local branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr11 mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr11.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr11.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr11.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase unconfigured on untracked remote branch' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr12 local/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr12.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr12.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr12.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase never on an untracked local branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase never &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr13 mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr13.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr13.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr13.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase local on an untracked local branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase local &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr14 mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr14.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr14.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr14.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase remote on an untracked local branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr15 mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr15.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr15.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr15.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase always on an untracked local branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase always &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr16 mybase2 &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr16.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr16.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr16.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase never on an untracked remote branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase never &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr17 local/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr17.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr17.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr17.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase local on an untracked remote branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase local &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr18 local/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr18.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr18.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr18.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase remote on an untracked remote branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr19 local/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr19.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr19.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr19.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase always on an untracked remote branch' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase always &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track myr20 local/master &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr20.remote)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr20.merge)" = z &&
+	test "z$(git config branch.myr20.rebase)" = z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect misconfigured autosetuprebase (bad value)' '
+	git config branch.autosetuprebase garbage &&
+	test_must_fail git branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect misconfigured autosetuprebase (no value)' '
+	git config --unset branch.autosetuprebase &&
+	echo "[branch] autosetuprebase" >> .git/config &&
+	test_must_fail git branch &&
+	git config --unset branch.autosetuprebase
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f86f4bc5eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='branch --contains <commit>, --merged, and --no-merged'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "second on master" &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "second on side" &&
+
+	git merge master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains=master' '
+
+	git branch --contains=master >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master" && echo "* side"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains master' '
+
+	git branch --contains master >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master" && echo "* side"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains=side' '
+
+	git branch --contains=side >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "* side"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side: branch --merged' '
+
+	git branch --merged >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master" &&
+		echo "* side"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side: branch --no-merged' '
+
+	git branch --no-merged >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'master: branch --merged' '
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch --merged >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "* master"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'master: branch --no-merged' '
+
+	git branch --no-merged >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  side"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7fe4a6ecb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test show-branch with more than 8 heads'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+numbers="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	for i in $numbers
+	do
+		git checkout -b branch$i master &&
+		> file$i &&
+		git add file$i &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m branch$i || break
+	done
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+! [branch1] branch1
+ ! [branch2] branch2
+  ! [branch3] branch3
+   ! [branch4] branch4
+    ! [branch5] branch5
+     ! [branch6] branch6
+      ! [branch7] branch7
+       ! [branch8] branch8
+        ! [branch9] branch9
+         * [branch10] branch10
+----------
+         * [branch10] branch10
+        +  [branch9] branch9
+       +   [branch8] branch8
+      +    [branch7] branch7
+     +     [branch6] branch6
+    +      [branch5] branch5
+   +       [branch4] branch4
+  +        [branch3] branch3
+ +         [branch2] branch2
++          [branch1] branch1
++++++++++* [branch10^] initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'show-branch with more than 8 branches' '
+
+	git show-branch $(for i in $numbers; do echo branch$i; done) > out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..809d1c4ed4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git branch display tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'make commits' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make branches' '
+	git branch branch-one
+	git branch branch-two HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make remote branches' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-one branch-one
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-two branch-two
+	git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD refs/remotes/origin/branch-one
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+* master
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows local branches' '
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  origin/HEAD -> origin/branch-one
+  origin/branch-one
+  origin/branch-two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -r shows remote branches' '
+	git branch -r >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+* master
+  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/branch-one
+  remotes/origin/branch-one
+  remotes/origin/branch-two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -a shows local and remote branches' '
+	git branch -a >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+two
+one
+two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -v shows branch summaries' '
+	git branch -v >tmp &&
+	awk "{print \$NF}" <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+* (no branch)
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh b/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
index f0c7e22b36..413019acaf 100755
--- a/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
+++ b/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
@@ -16,92 +16,99 @@ echo '[core] logallrefupdates = true' >>.git/config
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare a trivial repository' \
     'echo Hello > A &&
-     git-update-index --add A &&
-     git-commit -m "Initial commit." &&
-     HEAD=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Initial commit." &&
+     HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
 
 SHA1=
 
 test_expect_success \
     'see if git show-ref works as expected' \
-    'git-branch a &&
+    'git branch a &&
      SHA1=`cat .git/refs/heads/a` &&
      echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/a" >expect &&
-     git-show-ref a >result &&
+     git show-ref a >result &&
      diff expect result'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'see if a branch still exists when packed' \
-    'git-branch b &&
-     git-pack-refs --all &&
+    'git branch b &&
+     git pack-refs --all &&
      rm -f .git/refs/heads/b &&
      echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/b" >expect &&
-     git-show-ref b >result &&
+     git show-ref b >result &&
      diff expect result'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git branch c/d should barf if branch c exists' \
-    'git-branch c &&
-     git-pack-refs --all &&
-     rm .git/refs/heads/c &&
-     git-branch c/d'
+test_expect_success 'git branch c/d should barf if branch c exists' '
+     git branch c &&
+     git pack-refs --all &&
+     rm -f .git/refs/heads/c &&
+     test_must_fail git branch c/d
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'see if a branch still exists after git pack-refs --prune' \
-    'git-branch e &&
-     git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
+    'git branch e &&
+     git pack-refs --all --prune &&
      echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/e" >expect &&
-     git-show-ref e >result &&
+     git show-ref e >result &&
      diff expect result'
 
-test_expect_failure \
-    'see if git pack-refs --prune remove ref files' \
-    'git-branch f &&
-     git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
-     ls .git/refs/heads/f'
+test_expect_success 'see if git pack-refs --prune remove ref files' '
+     git branch f &&
+     git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+     ! test -f .git/refs/heads/f
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch g should work when git branch g/h has been deleted' \
-    'git-branch g/h &&
-     git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
-     git-branch -d g/h &&
-     git-branch g &&
-     git-pack-refs --all &&
-     git-branch -d g'
-
-test_expect_failure \
-    'git branch i/j/k should barf if branch i exists' \
-    'git-branch i &&
-     git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
-     git-branch i/j/k'
+    'git branch g/h &&
+     git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+     git branch -d g/h &&
+     git branch g &&
+     git pack-refs --all &&
+     git branch -d g'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch i/j/k should barf if branch i exists' '
+     git branch i &&
+     git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+     test_must_fail git branch i/j/k
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'test git branch k after branch k/l/m and k/lm have been deleted' \
-    'git-branch k/l &&
-     git-branch k/lm &&
-     git-branch -d k/l &&
-     git-branch k/l/m &&
-     git-branch -d k/l/m &&
-     git-branch -d k/lm &&
-     git-branch k'
+    'git branch k/l &&
+     git branch k/lm &&
+     git branch -d k/l &&
+     git branch k/l/m &&
+     git branch -d k/l/m &&
+     git branch -d k/lm &&
+     git branch k'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'test git branch n after some branch deletion and pruning' \
-    'git-branch n/o &&
-     git-branch n/op &&
-     git-branch -d n/o &&
-     git-branch n/o/p &&
-     git-branch -d n/op &&
-     git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
-     git-branch -d n/o/p &&
-     git-branch n'
+    'git branch n/o &&
+     git branch n/op &&
+     git branch -d n/o &&
+     git branch n/o/p &&
+     git branch -d n/op &&
+     git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+     git branch -d n/o/p &&
+     git branch n'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'see if up-to-date packed refs are preserved' \
+	'git branch q &&
+	 git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	 git update-ref refs/heads/q refs/heads/q &&
+	 ! test -f .git/refs/heads/q'
 
 test_expect_success 'pack, prune and repack' '
-	git-tag foo &&
-	git-pack-refs --all --prune &&
-	git-show-ref >all-of-them &&
-	git-pack-refs &&
-	git-show-ref >again &&
+	git tag foo &&
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	git show-ref >all-of-them &&
+	git pack-refs &&
+	git show-ref >again &&
 	diff all-of-them again
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
index b5a1400e18..db46d53e82 100755
--- a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
+++ b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ cat >"$p0" <<\EOF
 3. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
 EOF
 
-cat >"$p1" "$p0"
+cat 2>/dev/null >"$p1" "$p0"
 echo 'Foo Bar Baz' >"$p2"
 
 test -f "$p1" && cmp "$p0" "$p1" || {
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ test -f "$p1" && cmp "$p0" "$p1" || {
 
 echo 'just space
 no-funny' >expected
-test_expect_success 'git-ls-files no-funny' \
-	'git-update-index --add "$p0" "$p2" &&
-	git-ls-files >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files no-funny' \
+	'git update-index --add "$p0" "$p2" &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
-t0=`git-write-tree`
+t0=`git write-tree`
 echo "$t0" >t0
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
@@ -45,19 +45,19 @@ just space
 no-funny
 "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-ls-files with-funny' \
-	'git-update-index --add "$p1" &&
-	git-ls-files >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files with-funny' \
+	'git update-index --add "$p1" &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
 echo 'just space
 no-funny
 tabs	," (dq) and spaces' >expected
-test_expect_success 'git-ls-files -z with-funny' \
-	'git-ls-files -z | tr \\0 \\012 >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files -z with-funny' \
+	'git ls-files -z | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
-t1=`git-write-tree`
+t1=`git write-tree`
 echo "$t1" >t1
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
@@ -65,47 +65,47 @@ just space
 no-funny
 "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-ls-tree with funny' \
-	'git-ls-tree -r $t1 | sed -e "s/^[^	]*	//" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-tree with funny' \
+	'git ls-tree -r $t1 | sed -e "s/^[^	]*	//" >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 A	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-index with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-index --name-status $t0 >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index with-funny' \
+	'git diff-index --name-status $t0 >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-tree --name-status $t0 $t1 >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree with-funny' \
+	'git diff-tree --name-status $t0 $t1 >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
 echo 'A
 tabs	," (dq) and spaces' >expected
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-index -z with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-index -z --name-status $t0 | tr \\0 \\012 >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index -z with-funny' \
+	'git diff-index -z --name-status $t0 | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree -z with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-tree -z --name-status $t0 $t1 | tr \\0 \\012 >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -z with-funny' \
+	'git diff-tree -z --name-status $t0 $t1 | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 CNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree -C with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder --name-status \
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -C with-funny' \
+	'git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder --name-status \
 		$t0 $t1 | sed -e 's/^C[0-9]*/CNUM/' >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 RNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git-update-index --force-remove "$p0" &&
-	git-diff-index -M --name-status \
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
+	'git update-index --force-remove "$p0" &&
+	git diff-index -M --name-status \
 		$t0 | sed -e 's/^R[0-9]*/RNUM/' >current &&
-	git diff expected current'
+	test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/no-funny "b/tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ similarity index NUM%
 rename from no-funny
 rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-index -M -p $t0 |
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
+	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
 	 sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 chmod +x "$p1"
 cat > expected <<\EOF
@@ -127,34 +127,34 @@ similarity index NUM%
 rename from no-funny
 rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git-diff-index -M -p $t0 |
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
+	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
 	 sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
  "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
  1 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree rename with-funny applied' \
-	'git-diff-index -M -p $t0 |
-	 git-apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree rename with-funny applied' \
+	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
+	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
  no-funny
  "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
  2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git-diff-tree delete with-funny applied' \
-	'git-diff-index -p $t0 |
-	 git-apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree delete with-funny applied' \
+	'git diff-index -p $t0 |
+	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
-test_expect_success 'git-apply non-git diff' \
-	'git-diff-index -p $t0 |
+test_expect_success 'git apply non-git diff' \
+	'git diff-index -p $t0 |
 	 sed -ne "/^[-+@]/p" |
-	 git-apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 git diff expected current'
+	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index b9d3131cc2..c5c29ccc4f 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -9,26 +9,128 @@ This test runs git rebase and checks that the author information is not lost.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
+export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'prepare repository with topic branch, then rebase against master' \
-    'echo First > A &&
-     git-update-index --add A &&
-     git-commit -m "Add A." &&
+    'prepare repository with topic branches' \
+    'git config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+     echo First > A &&
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Add A." &&
      git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
      echo Second > B &&
-     git-update-index --add B &&
-     git-commit -m "Add B." &&
+     git update-index --add B &&
+     git commit -m "Add B." &&
      git checkout -f master &&
      echo Third >> A &&
-     git-update-index A &&
-     git-commit -m "Modify A." &&
+     git update-index A &&
+     git commit -m "Modify A." &&
+     git checkout -b side my-topic-branch &&
+     echo Side >> C &&
+     git add C &&
+     git commit -m "Add C" &&
+     git checkout -b nonlinear my-topic-branch &&
+     echo Edit >> B &&
+     git add B &&
+     git commit -m "Modify B" &&
+     git merge side &&
+     git checkout -b upstream-merged-nonlinear &&
+     git merge master &&
      git checkout -f my-topic-branch &&
+     git tag topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase on dirty worktree' '
+     echo dirty >> A &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase master'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase on dirty cache' '
+     git add A &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase master'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master' '
+     git reset --hard HEAD &&
      git rebase master'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice' '
+     git rebase master >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice with --force' '
+     git rebase --force-rebase master >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date, rebase forced" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice from another branch' '
+     git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
+     git rebase master my-topic-branch >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase fast-forward to master' '
+     git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
+     git rebase my-topic-branch >out &&
+     grep "Fast-forwarded HEAD to my-topic-branch" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
     'the rebase operation should not have destroyed author information' \
-    'git log | grep "Author:" | grep "<>"'
+    '! (git log | grep "Author:" | grep "<>")'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD was detached during rebase' '
+     test $(git rev-parse HEAD@{1}) != $(git rev-parse my-topic-branch@{1})
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase after merge master' '
+     git reset --hard topic &&
+     git merge master &&
+     git rebase master &&
+     ! (git show | grep "^Merge:")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase of history with merges is linearized' '
+     git checkout nonlinear &&
+     test 4 = $(git rev-list master.. | wc -l) &&
+     git rebase master &&
+     test 3 = $(git rev-list master.. | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'rebase of history with merges after upstream merge is linearized' '
+     git checkout upstream-merged-nonlinear &&
+     test 5 = $(git rev-list master.. | wc -l) &&
+     git rebase master &&
+     test 3 = $(git rev-list master.. | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase a single mode change' '
+     git checkout master &&
+     echo 1 > X &&
+     git add X &&
+     test_tick &&
+     git commit -m prepare &&
+     git checkout -b modechange HEAD^ &&
+     echo 1 > X &&
+     git add X &&
+     test_chmod +x A &&
+     test_tick &&
+     git commit -m modechange &&
+     GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Show verbose error when HEAD could not be detached' '
+     : > B &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase topic 2> output.err > output.out &&
+     grep "Untracked working tree file .B. would be overwritten" output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -q is quiet' '
+     rm B &&
+     git checkout -b quiet topic &&
+     git rebase -q master > output.out 2>&1 &&
+     test ! -s output.out
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh b/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
index 8b19d3ccea..aea6685984 100755
--- a/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
+++ b/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
@@ -14,48 +14,48 @@ local branch.
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare repository with topic branch' \
     'echo First > A &&
-     git-update-index --add A &&
-     git-commit -m "Add A." &&
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Add A." &&
 
-     git-checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
+     git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
 
      echo Second > B &&
-     git-update-index --add B &&
-     git-commit -m "Add B." &&
+     git update-index --add B &&
+     git commit -m "Add B." &&
 
      echo AnotherSecond > C &&
-     git-update-index --add C &&
-     git-commit -m "Add C." &&
+     git update-index --add C &&
+     git commit -m "Add C." &&
 
-     git-checkout -f master &&
+     git checkout -f master &&
 
      echo Third >> A &&
-     git-update-index A &&
-     git-commit -m "Modify A."
+     git update-index A &&
+     git commit -m "Modify A."
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
     'pick top patch from topic branch into master' \
-    'git-cherry-pick my-topic-branch^0 &&
-     git-checkout -f my-topic-branch &&
-     git-branch master-merge master &&
-     git-branch my-topic-branch-merge my-topic-branch
+    'git cherry-pick my-topic-branch^0 &&
+     git checkout -f my-topic-branch &&
+     git branch master-merge master &&
+     git branch my-topic-branch-merge my-topic-branch
 '
 
 test_debug \
-    'git-cherry master &&
-     git-format-patch -k --stdout --full-index master >/dev/null &&
+    'git cherry master &&
+     git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index master >/dev/null &&
      gitk --all & sleep 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'rebase topic branch against new master and check git-am did not get halted' \
-    'git-rebase master && test ! -d .dotest'
+    'rebase topic branch against new master and check git am did not get halted' \
+    'git rebase master && test ! -d .git/rebase-apply'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'rebase --merge topic branch that was partially merged upstream' \
-	'git-checkout -f my-topic-branch-merge &&
-	 git-rebase --merge master-merge &&
-	 test ! -d .git/.dotest-merge'
+	'git checkout -f my-topic-branch-merge &&
+	 git rebase --merge master-merge &&
+	 test ! -d .git/rebase-merge'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
index 0779aaa9ab..7b7d07269a 100755
--- a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
@@ -48,9 +48,14 @@ test_expect_success 'reference merge' '
 	git merge -s recursive "reference merge" HEAD master
 '
 
+PRE_REBASE=$(git rev-parse test-rebase)
 test_expect_success rebase '
 	git checkout test-rebase &&
-	git rebase --merge master
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase --merge master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test-rebase@{1} is pre rebase' '
+	test $PRE_REBASE = $(git rev-parse test-rebase@{1})
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge and rebase should match' '
diff --git a/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh b/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
index 977c498f00..64446e3db3 100755
--- a/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
+++ b/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='git rebase --merge --skip tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# we assume the default git-am -3 --skip strategy is tested independently
+# we assume the default git am -3 --skip strategy is tested independently
 # and always works :)
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -31,27 +31,43 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git branch skip-merge skip-reference
 	'
 
-test_expect_failure 'rebase with git am -3 (default)' '
-	git rebase master
+test_expect_success 'rebase with git am -3 (default)' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --skip with am -3' '
-	git reset --hard HEAD &&
 	git rebase --skip
 	'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase moves back to skip-reference' '
+	test refs/heads/skip-reference = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	git branch post-rebase &&
+	git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase master &&
+	echo "hello" > hello &&
+	git add hello &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test refs/heads/skip-reference = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	git reset --hard post-rebase
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'checkout skip-merge' 'git checkout -f skip-merge'
 
-test_expect_failure 'rebase with --merge' 'git rebase --merge master'
+test_expect_success 'rebase with --merge' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase --merge master
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --skip with --merge' '
-	git reset --hard HEAD &&
 	git rebase --skip
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge and reference trees equal' \
-	'test -z "`git-diff-tree skip-merge skip-reference`"'
+	'test -z "`git diff-tree skip-merge skip-reference`"'
+
+test_expect_success 'moved back to branch correctly' '
+	test refs/heads/skip-merge = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD)
+'
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all & sleep 1'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a973628e8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='git rebase interactive
+
+This test runs git rebase "interactively", by faking an edit, and verifies
+that the result still makes sense.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. ../lib-rebase.sh
+
+set_fake_editor
+
+# set up two branches like this:
+#
+# A - B - C - D - E
+#   \
+#     F - G - H
+#       \
+#         I
+#
+# where B, D and G touch the same file.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	: > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m A &&
+	git tag A &&
+	echo 1 > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m B file1 &&
+	: > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m C &&
+	echo 2 > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m D file1 &&
+	: > file3 &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m E &&
+	git checkout -b branch1 A &&
+	: > file4 &&
+	git add file4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m F &&
+	git tag F &&
+	echo 3 > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m G file1 &&
+	: > file5 &&
+	git add file5 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m H &&
+	git checkout -b branch2 F &&
+	: > file6 &&
+	git add file6 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m I &&
+	git tag I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no changes are a nop' '
+	git rebase -i F &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/branch2" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test the [branch] option' '
+	git checkout -b dead-end &&
+	git rm file6 &&
+	git commit -m "stop here" &&
+	git rebase -i F branch2 &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/branch2" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse branch2) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --onto <branch>' '
+	git checkout -b test-onto branch2 &&
+	git rebase -i --onto branch1 F &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/test-onto" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse branch1) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse branch2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase on top of a non-conflicting commit' '
+	git checkout branch1 &&
+	git tag original-branch1 &&
+	git rebase -i branch2 &&
+	test file6 = $(git diff --name-only original-branch1) &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/branch1" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse branch2) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse I) = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog for the branch shows state before rebase' '
+	test $(git rev-parse branch1@{1}) = $(git rev-parse original-branch1)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exchange two commits' '
+	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	test H = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test G = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+index e69de29..00750ed 100644
+--- a/file1
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++3
+EOF
+
+cat > expect2 << EOF
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+2
+=======
+3
+>>>>>>> b7ca976... G
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'stop on conflicting pick' '
+	git tag new-branch1 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i master &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~3)" = "$(git rev-parse master)" &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/rebase-merge/patch &&
+	test_cmp expect2 file1 &&
+	test "$(git diff --name-status |
+		sed -n -e "/^U/s/^U[^a-z]*//p")" = file1 &&
+	test 4 = $(grep -v "^#" < .git/rebase-merge/done | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $(grep -c "^[^#]" < .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'abort' '
+	git rebase --abort &&
+	test $(git rev-parse new-branch1) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/branch1" &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-merge
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'retain authorship' '
+	echo A > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Twerp Snog" git commit -m "different author" &&
+	git tag twerp &&
+	git rebase -i --onto master HEAD^ &&
+	git show HEAD | grep "^Author: Twerp Snog"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'squash' '
+	git reset --hard twerp &&
+	echo B > file7 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Nitfol" git commit -m "nitfol" file7 &&
+	echo "******************************" &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2" git rebase -i --onto master HEAD~2 &&
+	test B = $(cat file7) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'retain authorship when squashing' '
+	git show HEAD | grep "^Author: Twerp Snog"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-p handles "no changes" gracefully' '
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase -i -p HEAD^ &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- &&
+	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preserve merges with -p' '
+	git checkout -b to-be-preserved master^ &&
+	: > unrelated-file &&
+	git add unrelated-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "unrelated" &&
+	git checkout -b another-branch master &&
+	echo B > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m J file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge to-be-preserved &&
+	echo C > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m K file1 &&
+	echo D > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m L1 file1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	echo 1 > unrelated-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m L2 unrelated-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge another-branch &&
+	echo E > file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m M file1 &&
+	git checkout -b to-be-rebased &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -p --onto branch1 master &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD~6) = $(git rev-parse branch1) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD~4^2) = $(git rev-parse to-be-preserved) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^2^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD^^^) &&
+	test $(git show HEAD~5:file1) = B &&
+	test $(git show HEAD~3:file1) = C &&
+	test $(git show HEAD:file1) = E &&
+	test $(git show HEAD:unrelated-file) = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'edit ancestor with -p' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2 3 4" git rebase -i -p HEAD~3 &&
+	echo 2 > unrelated-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m L2-modified --amend unrelated-file &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- &&
+	test $(git show HEAD:unrelated-file) = 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue tries to commit' '
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --onto new-branch1 HEAD^ &&
+	echo resolved > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="chouette!" git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse new-branch1) &&
+	git show HEAD | grep chouette
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose flag is heeded, even after --continue' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD@{1} &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -v -i --onto new-branch1 HEAD^ &&
+	echo resolved > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git rebase --continue > output &&
+	grep "^ file1 |    2 +-$" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multi-squash only fires up editor once' '
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND="ONCE" FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 squash 3 squash 4" \
+		git rebase -i $base &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show | grep ONCE | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'squash works as expected' '
+	for n in one two three four
+	do
+		echo $n >> file$n &&
+		git add file$n &&
+		git commit -m $n
+	done &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3) &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 3 2" git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	test $one = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted squash works as expected' '
+	for n in one two three four
+	do
+		echo $n >> conflict &&
+		git add conflict &&
+		git commit -m $n
+	done &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3) &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 squash 3 2" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD~3
+	) &&
+	(echo one; echo two; echo four) > conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	echo resolved > conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $one = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted squash works as expected (case 2)' '
+	for n in one two three four
+	do
+		echo $n >> conflict &&
+		git add conflict &&
+		git commit -m $n
+	done &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3) &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="3 squash 1 2" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD~3
+	) &&
+	(echo one; echo four) > conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	(echo one; echo two; echo four) > conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	echo resolved > conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $one = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ignore patch if in upstream' '
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git checkout -b has-cherry-picked HEAD^ &&
+	echo unrelated > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "unrelated change" &&
+	git cherry-pick $HEAD &&
+	EXPECT_COUNT=1 git rebase -i $HEAD &&
+	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue tries to commit, even for "edit"' '
+	parent=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	echo edited > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="chouette!" git rebase --continue &&
+	test edited = $(git show HEAD:file7) &&
+	git show HEAD | grep chouette &&
+	test $parent = $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'aborted --continue does not squash commits after "edit"' '
+	old=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	(
+		FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE=" " &&
+		export FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue
+	) &&
+	test $old = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto-amend only edited commits after "edit"' '
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="edited file7 again" git commit &&
+	echo "and again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="and again" &&
+		export FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue
+	) &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase a detached HEAD' '
+	grandparent=$(git rev-parse HEAD~2) &&
+	git checkout $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	test $grandparent = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase a commit violating pre-commit' '
+
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	PRE_COMMIT=.git/hooks/pre-commit &&
+	echo "#!/bin/sh" > $PRE_COMMIT &&
+	echo "test -z \"\$(git diff --cached --check)\"" >> $PRE_COMMIT &&
+	chmod a+x $PRE_COMMIT &&
+	echo "monde! " >> file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m doesnt-verify file1 &&
+	git commit -m doesnt-verify --no-verify file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES=2 git rebase -i HEAD~2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase with a file named HEAD in worktree' '
+
+	rm -fr .git/hooks &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b branch3 A &&
+
+	(
+		GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Squashed Away" &&
+		export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+		>HEAD &&
+		git add HEAD &&
+		git commit -m "Add head" &&
+		>BODY &&
+		git add BODY &&
+		git commit -m "Add body"
+	) &&
+
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2" git rebase -i to-be-rebased &&
+	test "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%an)" = "Squashed Away"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do "noop" when there is nothing to cherry-pick' '
+
+	git checkout -b branch4 HEAD &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=: git commit --amend \
+		--author="Somebody else <somebody@else.com>" 
+	test $(git rev-parse branch3) != $(git rev-parse branch4) &&
+	git rebase -i branch3 &&
+	test $(git rev-parse branch3) = $(git rev-parse branch4)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase setup' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub && git init && >elif &&
+		git add elif && git commit -m "submodule initial"
+	) &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add file1 sub
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "One" &&
+	echo 2 >file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Two" &&
+	(
+		cd sub && echo 3 >elif &&
+		git commit -a -m "submodule second"
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Three changes submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase -i' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 3" git rebase -i A
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary reset' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test-chmtime =123456789 file3 &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
+	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	MTIME=$(test-chmtime -v +0 file3 | sed 's/[^0-9].*$//') &&
+	test 123456789 = $MTIME
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e5ad67c643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rebase should not insist on git message convention'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >F <<\EOF
+This is an example of a commit log message
+that does not  conform to git commit convention.
+
+It has two paragraphs, but its first paragraph is not friendly
+to oneline summary format.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file1 &&
+	>file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	cat F >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -F F &&
+
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >F0 &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	echo One >file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m "Second commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success rebase '
+
+	git rebase master side &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >F1 &&
+
+	test_cmp F0 F1 &&
+	test_cmp F F0
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..85fc7c4af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='messages from rebase operation'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+quick_one () {
+	echo "$1" >"file$1" &&
+	git add "file$1" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	quick_one O &&
+	git branch topic &&
+	quick_one X &&
+	quick_one A &&
+	quick_one B &&
+	quick_one Y &&
+
+	git checkout topic &&
+	quick_one A &&
+	quick_one B &&
+	quick_one Z &&
+	git tag start
+
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Already applied: 0001 A
+Already applied: 0002 B
+Committed: 0003 Z
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -m' '
+
+	git rebase -m master >report &&
+	sed -n -e "/^Already applied: /p" \
+		-e "/^Committed: /p" report >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --stat' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git rebase --stat master >diffstat.txt &&
+        grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase w/config rebase.stat' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git config rebase.stat true &&
+        git rebase master >diffstat.txt &&
+        grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -n overrides config rebase.stat config' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git config rebase.stat true &&
+        git rebase -n master >diffstat.txt &&
+        ! grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2999e78937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase --abort tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+### Test that we handle space characters properly
+work_dir="$(pwd)/test dir"
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir -p "$work_dir" &&
+	cd "$work_dir" &&
+	git init &&
+	echo a > a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+	git branch to-rebase &&
+
+	echo b > a &&
+	git commit -a -m b &&
+	echo c > a &&
+	git commit -a -m c &&
+
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	echo d > a &&
+	git commit -a -m "merge should fail on this" &&
+	echo e > a &&
+	git commit -a -m "merge should fail on this, too" &&
+	git branch pre-rebase
+'
+
+testrebase() {
+	type=$1
+	dotest=$2
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type --abort" '
+		cd "$work_dir" &&
+		# Clean up the state from the previous one
+		git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase$type master &&
+		test -d "$dotest" &&
+		git rebase --abort &&
+		test $(git rev-parse to-rebase) = $(git rev-parse pre-rebase) &&
+		test ! -d "$dotest"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type --abort after --skip" '
+		cd "$work_dir" &&
+		# Clean up the state from the previous one
+		git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase$type master &&
+		test -d "$dotest" &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --skip &&
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse master) &&
+		git rebase --abort &&
+		test $(git rev-parse to-rebase) = $(git rev-parse pre-rebase) &&
+		test ! -d "$dotest"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type --abort after --continue" '
+		cd "$work_dir" &&
+		# Clean up the state from the previous one
+		git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase$type master &&
+		test -d "$dotest" &&
+		echo c > a &&
+		echo d >> a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD) != $(git rev-parse master) &&
+		git rebase --abort &&
+		test $(git rev-parse to-rebase) = $(git rev-parse pre-rebase) &&
+		test ! -d "$dotest"
+	'
+}
+
+testrebase "" .git/rebase-apply
+testrebase " --merge" .git/rebase-merge
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e12cd578e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rebasing a commit with multi-line first paragraph.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo hello >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "A sample commit log message that has a long
+summary that spills over multiple lines.
+
+But otherwise with a sane description."
+
+	git branch side &&
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	>elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success rebase '
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	git rebase master &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >actual &&
+	git cat-file commit side@{1} | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e6c832780f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright(C) 2008 Stephen Habermann & Andreas Ericsson
+#
+test_description='git rebase -p should preserve merges
+
+Run "git rebase -p" and check that merges are properly carried along
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
+export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
+
+# Clone 1 (trivial merge):
+#
+# A1--A2  <-- origin/master
+#  \   \
+#   B1--M  <-- topic
+#    \
+#     B2  <-- origin/topic
+#
+# Clone 2 (conflicting merge):
+#
+# A1--A2--B3   <-- origin/master
+#  \       \
+#   B1------M  <-- topic
+#    \
+#     B2       <-- origin/topic
+#
+# In both cases, 'topic' is rebased onto 'origin/topic'.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for merge-preserving rebase' \
+	'echo First > A &&
+	git add A &&
+	git-commit -m "Add A1" &&
+	git checkout -b topic &&
+	echo Second > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git-commit -m "Add B1" &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	echo Third >> A &&
+	git-commit -a -m "Modify A2" &&
+
+	git clone ./. clone1 &&
+	cd clone1 &&
+	git checkout -b topic origin/topic &&
+	git merge origin/master &&
+	cd .. &&
+
+	echo Fifth > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m "Add different B" &&
+
+	git clone ./. clone2 &&
+	cd clone2 &&
+	git checkout -b topic origin/topic &&
+	test_must_fail git merge origin/master &&
+	echo Resolved > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m "Merge origin/master into topic" &&
+	cd .. &&
+
+	git checkout topic &&
+	echo Fourth >> B &&
+	git commit -a -m "Modify B2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -p fakes interactive rebase' '
+	(
+	cd clone1 &&
+	git fetch &&
+	git rebase -p origin/topic &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge commit" | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue works after a conflict' '
+	(
+	cd clone2 &&
+	git fetch &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -p origin/topic &&
+	test 2 = $(git ls-files B | wc -l) &&
+	echo Resolved again > B &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	grep "^@@@ " .git/rebase-merge/patch &&
+	git add B &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Add different" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge origin" | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c49143a1a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Stephen Haberman
+#
+
+test_description='git rebase preserve merges
+
+This test runs git rebase with preserve merges and ensures commits
+dropped by the --cherry-pick flag have their childrens parents
+rewritten.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# set up two branches like this:
+#
+# A - B - C - D - E
+#   \
+#     F - G - H
+#       \
+#         I
+#
+# where B, D and G touch the same file.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit A file1 &&
+	test_commit B file1 1 &&
+	test_commit C file2 &&
+	test_commit D file1 2 &&
+	test_commit E file3 &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit F file4 &&
+	test_commit G file1 3 &&
+	test_commit H file5 &&
+	git checkout F &&
+	test_commit I file6
+'
+
+# A - B - C - D - E
+#   \             \ \
+#     F - G - H -- L \        -->   L
+#       \            |               \
+#         I -- G2 -- J -- K           I -- K
+# G2 = same changes as G
+test_expect_success 'skip same-resolution merges with -p' '
+	git checkout H &&
+	! git merge E &&
+	test_commit L file1 23 &&
+	git checkout I &&
+	test_commit G2 file1 3 &&
+	! git merge E &&
+	test_commit J file1 23 &&
+	test_commit K file7 file7 &&
+	git rebase -i -p L &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse L) &&
+	test "23" = "$(cat file1)" &&
+	test "I" = "$(cat file6)" &&
+	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)"
+'
+
+# A - B - C - D - E
+#   \             \ \
+#     F - G - H -- L2 \        -->   L2
+#       \             |                \
+#         I -- G3 --- J2 -- K2           I -- G3 -- K2
+# G2 = different changes as G
+test_expect_success 'keep different-resolution merges with -p' '
+	git checkout H &&
+	! git merge E &&
+	test_commit L2 file1 23 &&
+	git checkout I &&
+	test_commit G3 file1 4 &&
+	! git merge E &&
+	test_commit J2 file1 24 &&
+	test_commit K2 file7 file7 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i -p L2 &&
+	echo 234 > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^^) = $(git rev-parse L2) &&
+	test "234" = "$(cat file1)" &&
+	test "I" = "$(cat file6)" &&
+	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6533505218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Stephen Haberman
+#
+
+test_description='git rebase preserve merges
+
+This test runs git rebase with -p and tries to squash a commit from after
+a merge to before the merge.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. ../lib-rebase.sh
+
+set_fake_editor
+
+# set up two branches like this:
+#
+# A1 - B1 - D1 - E1 - F1
+#       \        /
+#        -- C1 --
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit A1 &&
+	test_commit B1 &&
+	test_commit C1 &&
+	git reset --hard B1 &&
+	test_commit D1 &&
+	test_merge E1 C1 &&
+	test_commit F1
+'
+
+# Should result in:
+#
+# A1 - B1 - D2 - E2
+#       \        /
+#        -- C1 --
+#
+test_expect_success 'squash F1 into D1' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 3 2" git rebase -i -p B1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse C1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~2)" = "$(git rev-parse B1)" &&
+	git tag E2
+'
+
+# Start with:
+#
+# A1 - B1 - D2 - E2
+#  \
+#   G1 ---- L1 ---- M1
+#    \             /
+#     H1 -- J1 -- K1
+#      \         /
+#        -- I1 --
+#
+# And rebase G1..M1 onto E2
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase two levels of merge' '
+	test_commit G1 &&
+	test_commit H1 &&
+	test_commit I1 &&
+	git checkout -b branch3 H1 &&
+	test_commit J1 &&
+	test_merge K1 I1 &&
+	git checkout -b branch2 G1 &&
+	test_commit L1 &&
+	test_merge M1 K1 &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p E2 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~3)" = "$(git rev-parse E2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^2~2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^1^1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^2^1)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5869061c5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase --root
+
+Tests if git rebase --root --onto <newparent> can rebase the root commit.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+log_with_names () {
+	git rev-list --topo-order --parents --pretty="tformat:%s" HEAD |
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs=refs/heads/$1
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
+	test_commit 1 A &&
+	test_commit 2 A &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/other &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	test_commit 3 B &&
+	test_commit 1b A 1 &&
+	test_commit 4 B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root expects --onto' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+echo "\$1,\$2" >.git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+cat > expect <<EOF
+4
+3
+2
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root --onto <newbase>' '
+	git checkout -b work &&
+	git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (1)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root --onto <newbase> <branch>' '
+	git branch work2 other &&
+	git rebase --root --onto master work2 &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased2 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (2)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,work2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase>' '
+	git checkout -b work3 other &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased3 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (3)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase> <branch>' '
+	git branch work4 other &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master work4 &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased4 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (4)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,work4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with linear history' '
+	git checkout -b work5 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased5 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (5)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
+	git checkout other^ &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	test_commit 5 C &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git merge side
+'
+
+cat > expect-side <<'EOF'
+commit work6 work6~1 work6^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work6^2 work6~2
+5
+commit work6~1 work6~2
+4
+commit work6~2 work6~3
+3
+commit work6~3 work6~4
+2
+commit work6~4
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with merge' '
+	git checkout -b work6 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work6 > rebased6 &&
+	test_cmp expect-side rebased6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up second root and merge' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/third &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	rm A B C &&
+	test_commit 6 D &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git merge third
+'
+
+cat > expect-third <<'EOF'
+commit work7 work7~1 work7^2
+Merge branch 'third' into other
+commit work7^2 work7~4
+6
+commit work7~1 work7~2 work7~1^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work7~1^2 work7~3
+5
+commit work7~2 work7~3
+4
+commit work7~3 work7~4
+3
+commit work7~4 work7~5
+2
+commit work7~5
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with two roots' '
+	git checkout -b work7 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work7 > rebased7 &&
+	test_cmp expect-third rebased7
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook that fails' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+false
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase' '
+	git checkout -b stops1 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops1
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops1 | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase -i' '
+	git checkout -b stops2 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops2
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops2 | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove pre-rebase hook' '
+	rm -f .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up a conflict' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo conflict > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m conflict
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict1 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+cat > expect-conflict <<EOF
+6
+5
+4
+3
+conflict
+2
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > conflict1 &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict conflict1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict2 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > conflict2 &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict conflict2
+'
+
+cat >expect-conflict-p <<\EOF
+commit conflict3 conflict3~1 conflict3^2
+Merge branch 'third' into other
+commit conflict3^2 conflict3~4
+6
+commit conflict3~1 conflict3~2 conflict3~1^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit conflict3~1^2 conflict3~3
+5
+commit conflict3~2 conflict3~3
+4
+commit conflict3~3 conflict3~4
+3
+commit conflict3~4 conflict3~5
+conflict
+commit conflict3~5 conflict3~6
+2
+commit conflict3~6
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict3 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	log_with_names conflict3 >out &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict-p out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3413-rebase-hook.sh b/t/t3413-rebase-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..098b75507b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3413-rebase-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase with its hook(s)'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo goodbye >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	echo world >git &&
+	git add git &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m side &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit --graph --all &&
+	git branch test side
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git rebase master &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	EDITOR=true git rebase -i master &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+echo "\$1,\$2" >.git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (1)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git rebase master &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (2)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git rebase master test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,test
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (3)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git rebase master test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,test
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (4)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	EDITOR=true git rebase -i master &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (5)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	EDITOR=true git rebase -i master test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,test
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook gets correct input (6)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	EDITOR=true git rebase -i master test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld &&
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = zmaster,test
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook that fails' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+false
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase (1)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/test &&
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list HEAD...side | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase (2)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	(
+		EDITOR=:
+		export EDITOR
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i master
+	) &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/test &&
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list HEAD...side | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --no-verify overrides pre-rebase (1)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	git rebase --no-verify master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --no-verify overrides pre-rebase (2)' '
+	git checkout test &&
+	git reset --hard side &&
+	EDITOR=true git rebase --no-verify -i master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/test &&
+	test "z$(cat git)" = zworld
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3500-cherry.sh b/t/t3500-cherry.sh
index e83bbee074..dadbbc2a9f 100755
--- a/t/t3500-cherry.sh
+++ b/t/t3500-cherry.sh
@@ -3,52 +3,53 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Yann Dirson, based on t3400 by Amos Waterland
 #
 
-test_description='git-cherry should detect patches integrated upstream
+test_description='git cherry should detect patches integrated upstream
 
 This test cherry-picks one local change of two into master branch, and
-checks that git-cherry only returns the second patch in the local branch
+checks that git cherry only returns the second patch in the local branch
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
+export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare repository with topic branch, and check cherry finds the 2 patches from there' \
     'echo First > A &&
-     git-update-index --add A &&
-     git-commit -m "Add A." &&
+     git update-index --add A &&
+     git commit -m "Add A." &&
 
-     git-checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
+     git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
 
      echo Second > B &&
-     git-update-index --add B &&
-     git-commit -m "Add B." &&
+     git update-index --add B &&
+     git commit -m "Add B." &&
 
      sleep 2 &&
      echo AnotherSecond > C &&
-     git-update-index --add C &&
-     git-commit -m "Add C." &&
+     git update-index --add C &&
+     git commit -m "Add C." &&
 
-     git-checkout -f master &&
+     git checkout -f master &&
      rm -f B C &&
 
      echo Third >> A &&
-     git-update-index A &&
-     git-commit -m "Modify A." &&
+     git update-index A &&
+     git commit -m "Modify A." &&
 
-     expr "$(echo $(git-cherry master my-topic-branch) )" : "+ [^ ]* + .*"
+     expr "$(echo $(git cherry master my-topic-branch) )" : "+ [^ ]* + .*"
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
     'check that cherry with limit returns only the top patch'\
-    'expr "$(echo $(git-cherry master my-topic-branch my-topic-branch^1) )" : "+ [^ ]*"
+    'expr "$(echo $(git cherry master my-topic-branch my-topic-branch^1) )" : "+ [^ ]*"
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
     'cherry-pick one of the 2 patches, and check cherry recognized one and only one as new' \
-    'git-cherry-pick my-topic-branch^0 &&
-     echo $(git-cherry master my-topic-branch) &&
-     expr "$(echo $(git-cherry master my-topic-branch) )" : "+ [^ ]* - .*"
+    'git cherry-pick my-topic-branch^0 &&
+     echo $(git cherry master my-topic-branch) &&
+     expr "$(echo $(git cherry master my-topic-branch) )" : "+ [^ ]* - .*"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index 552af1c4d2..bb4cf00d78 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick after renaming branch' '
 
 	git checkout rename2 &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git cherry-pick added &&
+	git cherry-pick added &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse rename2) &&
 	test -f opos &&
 	grep "Add extra line at the end" opos
 
@@ -53,10 +54,20 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick after renaming branch' '
 test_expect_success 'revert after renaming branch' '
 
 	git checkout rename1 &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git revert added &&
+	git revert added &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse rename1) &&
 	test -f spoo &&
 	! grep "Add extra line at the end" spoo
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'revert forbidden on dirty working tree' '
+
+	echo content >extra_file &&
+	git add extra_file &&
+	test_must_fail git revert HEAD 2>errors &&
+	grep "Dirty index" errors
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0ab52da902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='cherry picking and reverting a merge
+
+		b---c
+	       /   /
+	initial---a
+
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>A &&
+	>B &&
+	git add A B &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+	echo new line >A &&
+	git commit -m "add line to A" A &&
+	git tag a &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo new line >B &&
+	git commit -m "add line to B" B &&
+	git tag b &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge side &&
+	git tag c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a non-merge with -m should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout a^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -m 1 b &&
+	git diff --exit-code a --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick a merge without -m should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout a^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick c &&
+	git diff --exit-code a --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick a merge (1)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout a^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick -m 1 c &&
+	git diff --exit-code c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick a merge (2)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout b^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick -m 2 c &&
+	git diff --exit-code c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick a merge relative to nonexistent parent should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout b^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -m 3 c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a non-merge with -m should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout c^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git revert -m 1 b &&
+	git diff --exit-code c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a merge without -m should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout c^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git revert c &&
+	git diff --exit-code c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a merge (1)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout c^0 &&
+	git revert -m 1 c &&
+	git diff --exit-code a --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a merge (2)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout c^0 &&
+	git revert -m 2 c &&
+	git diff --exit-code b --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a merge relative to nonexistent parent should fail' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout c^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git revert -m 3 c &&
+	git diff --exit-code c
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh b/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b0faa29918
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test cherry-picking a root commit'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo first > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "first" &&
+
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/second &&
+	rm .git/index file1 &&
+	echo second > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "second"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a root commit' '
+
+	git cherry-pick master &&
+	test first = $(cat file1)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f7b3518a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='cherry-pick should rerere for conflicts'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo foo >foo &&
+	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 1 &&
+	echo foo-master >foo &&
+	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 2 &&
+
+	git checkout -b dev HEAD^ &&
+	echo foo-dev >foo &&
+	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 3 &&
+	git config rerere.enabled true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflicting merge' '
+	test_must_fail git merge master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fixup' '
+	echo foo-dev >foo &&
+	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 4 &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
+	echo foo-dev >expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict' '
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick master &&
+	test_cmp expect foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reconfigure' '
+	git config rerere.enabled false
+	git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict without rerere' '
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick master &&
+	test_must_fail test_cmp expect foo
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e51e505a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test cherry-picking an empty commit'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo first > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "first" &&
+
+	git checkout -b empty-branch &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick an empty commit' '
+	git checkout master && {
+		git cherry-pick empty-branch
+		test "$?" = 1
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index lockfile was removed' '
+
+	test ! -f .git/index.lock
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index e31cf93a00..76b1bb4545 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Carl D. Worth
 #
 
-test_description='Test of the various options to git-rm.'
+test_description='Test of the various options to git rm.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -11,78 +11,140 @@ test_description='Test of the various options to git-rm.'
 test_expect_success \
     'Initialize test directory' \
     "touch -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
-     git-add -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
-     git-commit -m 'add normal files' &&
-     test_tabs=y &&
-     if touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
-embedded'
-     then
-     git-add -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
+     git add -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
+     git commit -m 'add normal files'"
+
+if touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
+embedded' 2>/dev/null
+then
+	test_set_prereq FUNNYNAMES
+else
+	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames.'
+fi
+
+test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES 'add files with funny names' "
+     git add -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded' &&
-     git-commit -m 'add files with tabs and newlines'
-     else
-         say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames.'
-         test_tabs=n
-     fi"
+     git commit -m 'add files with tabs and newlines'
+"
 
+# Determine rm behavior
 # Later we will try removing an unremovable path to make sure
-# git-rm barfs, but if the test is run as root that cannot be
+# git rm barfs, but if the test is run as root that cannot be
 # arranged.
+: >test-file
+chmod a-w .
+rm -f test-file 2>/dev/null
+if test -f test-file
+then
+	test_set_prereq RO_DIR
+else
+	say 'skipping removal failure test (perhaps running as root?)'
+fi
+chmod 775 .
+rm -f test-file
+
 test_expect_success \
-    'Determine rm behavior' \
-    ': >test-file
-     chmod a-w .
-     rm -f test-file
-     test -f test-file && test_failed_remove=y
-     chmod 775 .
-     rm -f test-file'
+    'Pre-check that foo exists and is in index before git rm foo' \
+    '[ -f foo ] && git ls-files --error-unmatch foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Pre-check that foo exists and is in index before git-rm foo' \
-    '[ -f foo ] && git-ls-files --error-unmatch foo'
+    'Test that git rm foo succeeds' \
+    'git rm --cached foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Test that git-rm foo succeeds' \
-    'git-rm --cached foo'
+    'Test that git rm --cached foo succeeds if the index matches the file' \
+    'echo content > foo
+     git add foo
+     git rm --cached foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Post-check that foo exists but is not in index after git-rm foo' \
-    '[ -f foo ] && ! git-ls-files --error-unmatch foo'
+    'Test that git rm --cached foo succeeds if the index matches the file' \
+    'echo content > foo
+     git add foo
+     git commit -m foo
+     echo "other content" > foo
+     git rm --cached foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Pre-check that bar exists and is in index before "git-rm bar"' \
-    '[ -f bar ] && git-ls-files --error-unmatch bar'
+    'Test that git rm --cached foo fails if the index matches neither the file nor HEAD' '
+     echo content > foo
+     git add foo
+     git commit -m foo
+     echo "other content" > foo
+     git add foo
+     echo "yet another content" > foo
+     test_must_fail git rm --cached foo
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Test that "git-rm bar" succeeds' \
-    'git-rm bar'
+    'Test that git rm --cached -f foo works in case where --cached only did not' \
+    'echo content > foo
+     git add foo
+     git commit -m foo
+     echo "other content" > foo
+     git add foo
+     echo "yet another content" > foo
+     git rm --cached -f foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Post-check that bar does not exist and is not in index after "git-rm -f bar"' \
-    '! [ -f bar ] && ! git-ls-files --error-unmatch bar'
+    'Post-check that foo exists but is not in index after git rm foo' \
+    '[ -f foo ] && test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Test that "git-rm -- -q" succeeds (remove a file that looks like an option)' \
-    'git-rm -- -q'
+    'Pre-check that bar exists and is in index before "git rm bar"' \
+    '[ -f bar ] && git ls-files --error-unmatch bar'
 
-test "$test_tabs" = y && test_expect_success \
-    "Test that \"git-rm -f\" succeeds with embedded space, tab, or newline characters." \
-    "git-rm -f 'space embedded' 'tab	embedded' 'newline
+test_expect_success \
+    'Test that "git rm bar" succeeds' \
+    'git rm bar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'Post-check that bar does not exist and is not in index after "git rm -f bar"' \
+    '! [ -f bar ] && test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch bar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'Test that "git rm -- -q" succeeds (remove a file that looks like an option)' \
+    'git rm -- -q'
+
+test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES \
+    "Test that \"git rm -f\" succeeds with embedded space, tab, or newline characters." \
+    "git rm -f 'space embedded' 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded'"
 
-if test "$test_failed_remove" = y; then
-chmod a-w .
-test_expect_failure \
-    'Test that "git-rm -f" fails if its rm fails' \
-    'git-rm -f baz'
-chmod 775 .
-else
-    test_expect_success 'skipping removal failure (perhaps running as root?)' :
-fi
+test_expect_success RO_DIR 'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' '
+	chmod a-w . &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -f baz &&
+	chmod 775 .
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'When the rm in "git-rm -f" fails, it should not remove the file from the index' \
-    'git-ls-files --error-unmatch baz'
+    'When the rm in "git rm -f" fails, it should not remove the file from the index' \
+    'git ls-files --error-unmatch baz'
+
+test_expect_success 'Remove nonexistent file with --ignore-unmatch' '
+	git rm --ignore-unmatch nonexistent
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"rm" command printed' '
+	echo frotz > test-file &&
+	git add test-file &&
+	git commit -m "add file for rm test" &&
+	git rm test-file > rm-output &&
+	test `grep "^rm " rm-output | wc -l` = 1 &&
+	rm -f test-file rm-output &&
+	git commit -m "remove file from rm test"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"rm" command suppressed with --quiet' '
+	echo frotz > test-file &&
+	git add test-file &&
+	git commit -m "add file for rm --quiet test" &&
+	git rm --quiet test-file > rm-output &&
+	test `wc -l < rm-output` = 0 &&
+	rm -f test-file rm-output &&
+	git commit -m "remove file from rm --quiet test"
+'
 
 # Now, failure cases.
 test_expect_success 'Re-add foo and baz' '
@@ -92,7 +154,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Re-add foo and baz' '
 
 test_expect_success 'Modify foo -- rm should refuse' '
 	echo >>foo &&
-	! git rm foo baz &&
+	test_must_fail git rm foo baz &&
 	test -f foo &&
 	test -f baz &&
 	git ls-files --error-unmatch foo baz
@@ -102,8 +164,8 @@ test_expect_success 'Modified foo -- rm -f should work' '
 	git rm -f foo baz &&
 	test ! -f foo &&
 	test ! -f baz &&
-	! git ls-files --error-unmatch foo &&
-	! git ls-files --error-unmatch bar
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch foo &&
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Re-add foo and baz for HEAD tests' '
@@ -114,7 +176,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Re-add foo and baz for HEAD tests' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'foo is different in index from HEAD -- rm should refuse' '
-	! git rm foo baz &&
+	test_must_fail git rm foo baz &&
 	test -f foo &&
 	test -f baz &&
 	git ls-files --error-unmatch foo baz
@@ -124,8 +186,21 @@ test_expect_success 'but with -f it should work.' '
 	git rm -f foo baz &&
 	test ! -f foo &&
 	test ! -f baz &&
-	! git ls-files --error-unmatch foo
-	! git ls-files --error-unmatch baz
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch foo
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch baz
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse to remove cached empty file with modifications' '
+	>empty &&
+	git add empty &&
+	echo content >empty &&
+	test_must_fail git rm --cached empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove intent-to-add file without --force' '
+	echo content >intent-to-add &&
+	git add -N intent-to-add
+	git rm --cached intent-to-add
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Recursive test setup' '
@@ -136,14 +211,14 @@ test_expect_success 'Recursive test setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Recursive without -r fails' '
-	! git rm frotz &&
+	test_must_fail git rm frotz &&
 	test -d frotz &&
 	test -f frotz/nitfol
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Recursive with -r but dirty' '
 	echo qfwfq >>frotz/nitfol
-	! git rm -r frotz &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -r frotz &&
 	test -d frotz &&
 	test -f frotz/nitfol
 '
@@ -154,4 +229,46 @@ test_expect_success 'Recursive with -r -f' '
 	! test -d frotz
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Remove nonexistent file returns nonzero exit status' '
+	test_must_fail git rm nonexistent
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Call "rm" from outside the work tree' '
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(cd repo &&
+	 git init &&
+	 echo something > somefile &&
+	 git add somefile &&
+	 git commit -m "add a file" &&
+	 (cd .. &&
+	  git --git-dir=repo/.git --work-tree=repo rm somefile) &&
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch somefile)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refresh index before checking if it is up-to-date' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test-chmtime -86400 frotz/nitfol &&
+	git rm frotz/nitfol &&
+	test ! -f frotz/nitfol
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'choking "git rm" should not let it die with cruft' '
+	git reset -q --hard &&
+	H=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 12000
+	do
+	    echo "100644 $H 0	some-file-$i"
+	    i=$(( $i + 1 ))
+	done | git update-index --index-info &&
+	git rm -n "some-file-*" | :;
+	test -f .git/index.lock
+	status=$?
+	rm -f .git/index.lock
+	git reset -q --hard
+	test "$status" != 0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3700-add.sh b/t/t3700-add.sh
index 08e035220c..85eb0fbf96 100755
--- a/t/t3700-add.sh
+++ b/t/t3700-add.sh
@@ -3,72 +3,72 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Carl D. Worth
 #
 
-test_description='Test of git-add, including the -- option.'
+test_description='Test of git add, including the -- option.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Test of git-add' \
-    'touch foo && git-add foo'
+    'Test of git add' \
+    'touch foo && git add foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Post-check that foo is in the index' \
-    'git-ls-files foo | grep foo'
+    'git ls-files foo | grep foo'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'Test that "git-add -- -q" works' \
-    'touch -- -q && git-add -- -q'
+    'Test that "git add -- -q" works' \
+    'touch -- -q && git add -- -q'
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-add: Test that executable bit is not used if core.filemode=0' \
+	'git add: Test that executable bit is not used if core.filemode=0' \
 	'git config core.filemode 0 &&
 	 echo foo >xfoo1 &&
 	 chmod 755 xfoo1 &&
-	 git-add xfoo1 &&
-	 case "`git-ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
+	 git add xfoo1 &&
+	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
 	 100644" "*xfoo1) echo ok;;
-	 *) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
+	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
 	 esac'
 
-test_expect_success 'git-add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo1 &&
 	ln -s foo xfoo1 &&
-	git-add xfoo1 &&
-	case "`git-ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
+	git add xfoo1 &&
+	case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
 	120000" "*xfoo1) echo ok;;
-	*) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
+	*) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
 	esac
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'git-update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
+	'git update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
 	'git config core.filemode 0 &&
 	 echo foo >xfoo2 &&
 	 chmod 755 xfoo2 &&
-	 git-update-index --add xfoo2 &&
-	 case "`git-ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
+	 git update-index --add xfoo2 &&
+	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
 	 100644" "*xfoo2) echo ok;;
-	 *) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
+	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
 	 esac'
 
-test_expect_success 'git-add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo2 &&
 	ln -s foo xfoo2 &&
 	git update-index --add xfoo2 &&
-	case "`git-ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
+	case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
 	120000" "*xfoo2) echo ok;;
-	*) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
+	*) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
 	esac
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'git-update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+	'git update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
 	'git config core.filemode 0 &&
 	 ln -s xfoo2 xfoo3 &&
-	 git-update-index --add xfoo3 &&
-	 case "`git-ls-files --stage xfoo3`" in
+	 git update-index --add xfoo3 &&
+	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo3`" in
 	 120000" "*xfoo3) echo ok;;
-	 *) echo fail; git-ls-files --stage xfoo3; (exit 1);;
+	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo3; (exit 1);;
 	 esac'
 
 test_expect_success '.gitignore test setup' '
@@ -80,28 +80,179 @@ test_expect_success '.gitignore test setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitignore is honored' '
-	git-add . &&
-	! git-ls-files | grep "\\.ig"
+	git add . &&
+	! (git ls-files | grep "\\.ig")
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'error out when attempting to add ignored ones without -f' '
-	! git-add a.?? &&
-	! git-ls-files | grep "\\.ig"
+	test_must_fail git add a.?? &&
+	! (git ls-files | grep "\\.ig")
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'error out when attempting to add ignored ones without -f' '
-	! git-add d.?? &&
-	! git-ls-files | grep "\\.ig"
+	test_must_fail git add d.?? &&
+	! (git ls-files | grep "\\.ig")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add ignored ones with -f' '
+	git add -f a.?? &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch a.ig
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add ignored ones with -f' '
-	git-add -f a.?? &&
-	git-ls-files --error-unmatch a.ig
+	git add -f d.??/* &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch d.ig/d.if d.ig/d.ig
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add ignored ones with -f' '
-	git-add -f d.??/* &&
-	git-ls-files --error-unmatch d.ig/d.if d.ig/d.ig
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add -f d.?? &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch d.ig/d.if d.ig/d.ig
+'
+
+test_expect_success '.gitignore with subdirectory' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+	echo "!dir/a.*" >sub/.gitignore &&
+	>sub/a.ig &&
+	>sub/dir/a.ig &&
+	git add sub/dir &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch sub/dir/a.ig &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	(
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git add .
+	) &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch sub/dir/a.ig
+'
+
+mkdir 1 1/2 1/3
+touch 1/2/a 1/3/b 1/2/c
+test_expect_success 'check correct prefix detection' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add 1/2/a 1/3/b 1/2/c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add with filemode=0, symlinks=0, and unmerged entries' '
+	for s in 1 2 3
+	do
+		echo $s > stage$s
+		echo "100755 $(git hash-object -w stage$s) $s	file"
+		echo "120000 $(printf $s | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) $s	symlink"
+	done | git update-index --index-info &&
+	git config core.filemode 0 &&
+	git config core.symlinks 0 &&
+	echo new > file &&
+	echo new > symlink &&
+	git add file symlink &&
+	git ls-files --stage | grep "^100755 .* 0	file$" &&
+	git ls-files --stage | grep "^120000 .* 0	symlink$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add with filemode=0, symlinks=0 prefers stage 2 over stage 1' '
+	git rm --cached -f file symlink &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $(git hash-object -w stage1) 1	file"
+		echo "100755 $(git hash-object -w stage2) 2	file"
+		echo "100644 $(printf 1 | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) 1	symlink"
+		echo "120000 $(printf 2 | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) 2	symlink"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	git config core.filemode 0 &&
+	git config core.symlinks 0 &&
+	echo new > file &&
+	echo new > symlink &&
+	git add file symlink &&
+	git ls-files --stage | grep "^100755 .* 0	file$" &&
+	git ls-files --stage | grep "^120000 .* 0	symlink$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --refresh' '
+	>foo && git add foo && git commit -a -m "commit all" &&
+	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`" &&
+	git read-tree HEAD &&
+	case "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`" in
+	:100644" "*"M	foo") echo ok;;
+	*) echo fail; (exit 1);;
+	esac &&
+	git add --refresh -- foo &&
+	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`"
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add should fail atomically upon an unreadable file' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	date >foo1 &&
+	date >foo2 &&
+	chmod 0 foo2 &&
+	test_must_fail git add --verbose . &&
+	! ( git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1 )
+'
+
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add --ignore-errors' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	date >foo1 &&
+	date >foo2 &&
+	chmod 0 foo2 &&
+	test_must_fail git add --verbose --ignore-errors . &&
+	git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1
+'
+
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add (add.ignore-errors)' '
+	git config add.ignore-errors 1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	date >foo1 &&
+	date >foo2 &&
+	chmod 0 foo2 &&
+	test_must_fail git add --verbose . &&
+	git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1
+'
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add (add.ignore-errors = false)' '
+	git config add.ignore-errors 0 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	date >foo1 &&
+	date >foo2 &&
+	chmod 0 foo2 &&
+	test_must_fail git add --verbose . &&
+	! ( git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1 )
+'
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-ignore-errors overrides config' '
+       git config add.ignore-errors 1 &&
+       git reset --hard &&
+       date >foo1 &&
+       date >foo2 &&
+       chmod 0 foo2 &&
+       test_must_fail git add --verbose --no-ignore-errors . &&
+       ! ( git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1 ) &&
+       git config add.ignore-errors 0
+'
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success BSLASHPSPEC "git add 'fo\\[ou\\]bar' ignores foobar" '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	touch fo\[ou\]bar foobar &&
+	git add '\''fo\[ou\]bar'\'' &&
+	git ls-files fo\[ou\]bar | fgrep fo\[ou\]bar &&
+	! ( git ls-files foobar | grep foobar )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add to resolve conflicts on otherwise ignored path' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse :1/2/a) &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $H 1	track-this"
+		echo "100644 $H 3	track-this"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo track-this >>.gitignore &&
+	echo resolved >track-this &&
+	git add track-this
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fd2a55a5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='add -i basic tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git add -i tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'setup (initial)' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo more >>file &&
+	echo lines >>file
+'
+test_expect_success 'status works (initial)' '
+	git add -i </dev/null >output &&
+	grep "+1/-0 *+2/-0 file" output
+'
+cat >expected <<EOF
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..d95f3ad
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff works (initial)' '
+	(echo d; echo 1) | git add -i >output &&
+	sed -ne "/new file/,/content/p" <output >diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+test_expect_success 'revert works (initial)' '
+	git add file &&
+	(echo r; echo 1) | git add -i &&
+	git ls-files >output &&
+	! grep . output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup (commit)' '
+	echo baseline >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m commit &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo more >>file &&
+	echo lines >>file
+'
+test_expect_success 'status works (commit)' '
+	git add -i </dev/null >output &&
+	grep "+1/-0 *+2/-0 file" output
+'
+cat >expected <<EOF
+index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+ baseline
++content
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff works (commit)' '
+	(echo d; echo 1) | git add -i >output &&
+	sed -ne "/^index/,/content/p" <output >diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+test_expect_success 'revert works (commit)' '
+	git add file &&
+	(echo r; echo 1) | git add -i &&
+	git add -i </dev/null >output &&
+	grep "unchanged *+3/-0 file" output
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+EOF
+cat >fake_editor.sh <<EOF
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake_editor.sh
+test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh"
+test_expect_success 'dummy edit works' '
+	(echo e; echo a) | git add -p &&
+	git diff > diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
+cat >patch <<EOF
+@@ -1,1 +1,4 @@
+ this
++patch
+-doesn't
+ apply
+EOF
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake_editor.sh
+cat >>fake_editor.sh <<\EOF
+mv -f "$1" oldpatch &&
+mv -f patch "$1"
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake_editor.sh
+test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh"
+test_expect_success 'bad edit rejected' '
+	git reset &&
+	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p >output &&
+	grep "hunk does not apply" output
+'
+
+cat >patch <<EOF
+this patch
+is garbage
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'garbage edit rejected' '
+	git reset &&
+	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p >output &&
+	grep "hunk does not apply" output
+'
+
+cat >patch <<EOF
+@@ -1,0 +1,0 @@
+ baseline
++content
++newcontent
++lines
+EOF
+cat >expected <<EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b5dd6c9..f910ae9 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
+ baseline
+ content
+-newcontent
++more
+ lines
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'real edit works' '
+	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p &&
+	git diff >output &&
+	test_cmp expected output
+'
+
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	say 'skipping filemode tests (filesystem does not properly support modes)'
+else
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'patch does not affect mode' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	printf "n\\ny\\n" | git add -p &&
+	git show :file | grep content &&
+	git diff file | grep "new mode"
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'stage mode but not hunk' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	printf "y\\nn\\n" | git add -p &&
+	git diff --cached file | grep "new mode" &&
+	git diff          file | grep "+content"
+'
+
+# end of tests disabled when filemode is not usable
+
+test_expect_success 'setup again' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_chmod +x file &&
+	echo content >>file
+'
+
+# Write the patch file with a new line at the top and bottom
+cat >patch <<EOF
+index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
++firstline
+ baseline
+ content
++lastline
+EOF
+# Expected output, similar to the patch but w/ diff at the top
+cat >expected <<EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b6f2c08..61b9053 100755
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
++firstline
+ baseline
+ content
++lastline
+EOF
+# Test splitting the first patch, then adding both
+test_expect_success 'add first line works' '
+	git commit -am "clear local changes" &&
+	git apply patch &&
+	(echo s; echo y; echo y) | git add -p file &&
+	git diff --cached > diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3702-add-edit.sh b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4ee47cc9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='add -e basic tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+cat > file << EOF
+LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
+Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
+for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+till before him the folk, both far and near,
+who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+gave him gifts:  a good king he!
+EOF
+
+cat > second-part << EOF
+To him an heir was afterward born,
+a son in his halls, whom heaven sent
+to favor the folk, feeling their woe
+that erst they had lacked an earl for leader
+so long a while; the Lord endowed him,
+the Wielder of Wonder, with world's renown.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial file
+
+'
+
+cat > expected-patch << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..9020acb 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
+-LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+-of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+-we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
+-Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+-from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+-awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+-friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
+-for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+-till before him the folk, both far and near,
+-who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+-gave him gifts:  a good king he!
++To him an heir was afterward born,
++a son in his halls, whom heaven sent
++to favor the folk, feeling their woe
++that erst they had lacked an earl for leader
++so long a while; the Lord endowed him,
++the Wielder of Wonder, with world's renown.
+EOF
+
+cat > patch << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..ef6e94c 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -3,1 +3,333 @@ of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+ we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
++
+ Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+@@ -2,7 +1,5 @@ awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+ friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
++
+ for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+EOF
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..ef6e94c 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+ LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+ of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+ we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
++
+ Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+ from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+ awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+ friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
++
+ for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+ till before him the folk, both far and near,
+ who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+EOF
+
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
+cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
+mv -f "$1" orig-patch &&
+mv -f patch "$1"
+EOF
+
+test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
+chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'add -e' '
+
+	cp second-part file &&
+	git add -e &&
+	test_cmp second-part file &&
+	test_cmp orig-patch expected-patch &&
+	git diff --cached > out &&
+	test_cmp out expected
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3800-mktag.sh b/t/t3800-mktag.sh
index 7c7e4335d6..6fb027ba57 100755
--- a/t/t3800-mktag.sh
+++ b/t/t3800-mktag.sh
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #
 #
 
-test_description='git-mktag: tag object verify test'
+test_description='git mktag: tag object verify test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -12,19 +12,20 @@ test_description='git-mktag: tag object verify test'
 # given in the expect.pat file.
 
 check_verify_failure () {
-    test_expect_success \
-        "$1" \
-        'git-mktag <tag.sig 2>message ||
-         egrep -q -f expect.pat message'
+	expect="$2"
+	test_expect_success "$1" '
+		( test_must_fail git mktag <tag.sig 2>message ) &&
+		grep "$expect" message
+	'
 }
 
 ###########################################################
 # first create a commit, so we have a valid object/type
 # for the tag.
 echo Hello >A
-git-update-index --add A
-git-commit -m "Initial commit"
-head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+git update-index --add A
+git commit -m "Initial commit"
+head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 
 ############################################################
 #  1. length check
@@ -33,11 +34,8 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 too short for a tag
 EOF
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: .*size wrong.*$
-EOF
-
-check_verify_failure 'Tag object length check'
+check_verify_failure 'Tag object length check' \
+	'^error: .*size wrong.*$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  2. object line label check
@@ -46,13 +44,11 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 xxxxxx 139e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895
 type tag
 tag mytag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char0: .*"object "$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"object" line label check'
+check_verify_failure '"object" line label check' '^error: char0: .*"object "$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  3. object line SHA1 check
@@ -61,13 +57,11 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object zz9e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895
 type tag
 tag mytag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char7: .*SHA1 hash$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"object" line SHA1 check'
+check_verify_failure '"object" line SHA1 check' '^error: char7: .*SHA1 hash$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  4. type line label check
@@ -76,13 +70,11 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object 779e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895
 xxxx tag
 tag mytag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char47: .*"[\]ntype "$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"type" line label check'
+check_verify_failure '"type" line label check' '^error: char47: .*"\\ntype "$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  5. type line eol check
@@ -90,11 +82,7 @@ check_verify_failure '"type" line label check'
 echo "object 779e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895" >tag.sig
 printf "type tagsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss" >>tag.sig
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char48: .*"[\]n"$
-EOF
-
-check_verify_failure '"type" line eol check'
+check_verify_failure '"type" line eol check' '^error: char48: .*"\\n"$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  6. tag line label check #1
@@ -103,13 +91,12 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object 779e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895
 type tag
 xxx mytag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char57: no "tag " found$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"tag" line label check #1'
+check_verify_failure '"tag" line label check #1' \
+	'^error: char57: no "tag " found$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  7. tag line label check #2
@@ -120,11 +107,8 @@ type taggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
 tag
 EOF
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char87: no "tag " found$
-EOF
-
-check_verify_failure '"tag" line label check #2'
+check_verify_failure '"tag" line label check #2' \
+	'^error: char87: no "tag " found$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  8. type line type-name length check
@@ -135,11 +119,8 @@ type taggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
 tag mytag
 EOF
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char53: type too long$
-EOF
-
-check_verify_failure '"type" line type-name length check'
+check_verify_failure '"type" line type-name length check' \
+	'^error: char53: type too long$'
 
 ############################################################
 #  9. verify object (SHA1/type) check
@@ -148,13 +129,12 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object 779e9b33986b1c2670fff52c5067603117b3e895
 type tagggg
 tag mytag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char7: could not verify object.*$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure 'verify object (SHA1/type) check'
+check_verify_failure 'verify object (SHA1/type) check' \
+	'^error: char7: could not verify object.*$'
 
 ############################################################
 # 10. verify tag-name check
@@ -163,13 +143,12 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object $head
 type commit
 tag my	tag
-EOF
+tagger . <> 0 +0000
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char67: could not verify tag name$
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure 'verify tag-name check'
+check_verify_failure 'verify tag-name check' \
+	'^error: char67: could not verify tag name$'
 
 ############################################################
 # 11. tagger line label check #1
@@ -178,13 +157,12 @@ cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object $head
 type commit
 tag mytag
-EOF
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char70: could not find "tagger"$
+This is filler
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"tagger" line label check #1'
+check_verify_failure '"tagger" line label check #1' \
+	'^error: char70: could not find "tagger "$'
 
 ############################################################
 # 12. tagger line label check #2
@@ -194,34 +172,192 @@ object $head
 type commit
 tag mytag
 tagger
+
+This is filler
 EOF
 
-cat >expect.pat <<EOF
-^error: char70: could not find "tagger"$
+check_verify_failure '"tagger" line label check #2' \
+	'^error: char70: could not find "tagger "$'
+
+############################################################
+# 13. disallow missing tag author name
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger  <> 0 +0000
+
+This is filler
 EOF
 
-check_verify_failure '"tagger" line label check #2'
+check_verify_failure 'disallow missing tag author name' \
+	'^error: char77: missing tagger name$'
 
 ############################################################
-# 13. create valid tag
+# 14. disallow missing tag author name
 
 cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object $head
 type commit
 tag mytag
-tagger another@example.com
+tagger T A Gger <
+ > 0 +0000
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'disallow malformed tagger' \
+	'^error: char77: malformed tagger field$'
+
+############################################################
+# 15. allow empty tag email
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <> 0 +0000
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'allow empty tag email' \
+    'git mktag <tag.sig >.git/refs/tags/mytag 2>message'
+
+############################################################
+# 16. disallow spaces in tag email
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tag ger@example.com> 0 +0000
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'disallow spaces in tag email' \
+	'^error: char77: malformed tagger field$'
+
+############################################################
+# 17. disallow missing tag timestamp
+
+tr '_' ' ' >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com>__
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'disallow missing tag timestamp' \
+	'^error: char107: missing tag timestamp$'
+
+############################################################
+# 18. detect invalid tag timestamp1
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> Tue Mar 25 15:47:44 2008
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid tag timestamp1' \
+	'^error: char107: missing tag timestamp$'
+
+############################################################
+# 19. detect invalid tag timestamp2
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 2008-03-31T12:20:15-0500
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid tag timestamp2' \
+	'^error: char111: malformed tag timestamp$'
+
+############################################################
+# 20. detect invalid tag timezone1
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206478233 GMT
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid tag timezone1' \
+	'^error: char118: malformed tag timezone$'
+
+############################################################
+# 21. detect invalid tag timezone2
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206478233 +  30
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid tag timezone2' \
+	'^error: char118: malformed tag timezone$'
+
+############################################################
+# 22. detect invalid tag timezone3
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206478233 -1430
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid tag timezone3' \
+	'^error: char118: malformed tag timezone$'
+
+############################################################
+# 23. detect invalid header entry
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206478233 -0500
+this line should not be here
+
+EOF
+
+check_verify_failure 'detect invalid header entry' \
+	'^error: char124: trailing garbage in tag header$'
+
+############################################################
+# 24. create valid tag
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $head
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206478233 -0500
+
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'create valid tag' \
-    'git-mktag <tag.sig >.git/refs/tags/mytag 2>message'
+    'git mktag <tag.sig >.git/refs/tags/mytag 2>message'
 
 ############################################################
-# 14. check mytag
+# 25. check mytag
 
 test_expect_success \
     'check mytag' \
-    'git-tag -l | grep mytag'
+    'git tag -l | grep mytag'
 
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
index ffddb68db3..256c4c9701 100755
--- a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
@@ -8,68 +8,76 @@ test_description='commit and log output encodings'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 compare_with () {
-	git-show -s $1 | sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //' -e '$d' >current &&
-	git diff current "$2"
+	git show -s $1 | sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //' >current &&
+	case "$3" in
+	'')
+		test_cmp "$2" current ;;
+	?*)
+		iconv -f "$3" -t UTF-8 >current.utf8 <current &&
+		iconv -f "$3" -t UTF-8 >expect.utf8 <"$2" &&
+		test_cmp expect.utf8 current.utf8
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	: >F &&
-	git-add F &&
-	T=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	C=$(git-commit-tree $T <../t3900/1-UTF-8.txt) &&
-	git-update-ref HEAD $C &&
-	git-tag C0
+	git add F &&
+	T=$(git write-tree) &&
+	C=$(git commit-tree $T <"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt) &&
+	git update-ref HEAD $C &&
+	git tag C0
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no encoding header for base case' '
-	E=$(git-cat-file commit C0 | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+	E=$(git cat-file commit C0 | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
 	test z = "z$E"
 '
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
-		git-config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
-		git-checkout -b $H C0 &&
+		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
+		git checkout -b $H C0 &&
 		echo $H >F &&
-		git-commit -a -F ../t3900/$H.txt
+		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt
 	'
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "check encoding header for $H" '
-		E=$(git-cat-file commit '$H' | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit '$H' | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
 		test "z$E" = "z'$H'"
 	'
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'config to remove customization' '
-	git-config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
-	if Z=$(git-config --get-all i18n.commitencoding)
+	git config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
+	if Z=$(git config --get-all i18n.commitencoding)
 	then
 		echo Oops, should have failed.
 		false
 	else
 		test z = "z$Z"
 	fi &&
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding utf-8
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'ISO-8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
-	compare_with ISO-8859-1 ../t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
+test_expect_success 'ISO8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
+	compare_with ISO8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
 '
 
-for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in UTF-8 now" '
-		compare_with '$H' ../t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
+		compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
 	'
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'config to add customization' '
-	git-config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
-	if Z=$(git-config --get-all i18n.commitencoding)
+	git config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
+	if Z=$(git config --get-all i18n.commitencoding)
 	then
 		echo Oops, should have failed.
 		false
@@ -78,44 +86,50 @@ test_expect_success 'config to add customization' '
 	fi
 '
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in itself now" '
-		git-config i18n.commitencoding '$H' &&
-		compare_with '$H' ../t3900/'$H'.txt
+		git config i18n.commitencoding '$H' &&
+		compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$H'.txt
 	'
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'config to tweak customization' '
-	git-config i18n.logoutputencoding utf-8
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'ISO-8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
-	compare_with ISO-8859-1 ../t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
+test_expect_success 'ISO8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
+	compare_with ISO8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
 '
 
-for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in UTF-8 now" '
-		compare_with '$H' ../t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
+		compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
 	'
 done
 
-for J in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for J in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
-	git-config i18n.logoutputencoding $J
-	for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+	if test "$J" = ISO-2022-JP
+	then
+		ICONV=$J
+	else
+		ICONV=
+	fi
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding $J
+	for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 	do
 		test_expect_success "$H should be shown in $J now" '
-			compare_with '$H' ../t3900/'$J'.txt
+			compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$J'.txt $ICONV
 		'
 	done
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "No conversion with $H" '
-		compare_with "--encoding=none '$H'" ../t3900/'$H'.txt
+		compare_with "--encoding=none '$H'" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$H'.txt
 	'
 done
 
diff --git a/t/t3900/ISO-8859-1.txt b/t/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt
index 7cbef0ee6f..7cbef0ee6f 100644
--- a/t/t3900/ISO-8859-1.txt
+++ b/t/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt
diff --git a/t/t3900/EUCJP.txt b/t/t3900/eucJP.txt
index 546f2aac01..546f2aac01 100644
--- a/t/t3900/EUCJP.txt
+++ b/t/t3900/eucJP.txt
diff --git a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
index a881797bc7..31a5770b34 100755
--- a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ check_encoding () {
 	while test "$i" -le $cnt
 	do
 		git format-patch --encoding=UTF-8 --stdout HEAD~$i..HEAD~$j |
-		grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD_=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" &&
-		git-cat-file commit HEAD~$j |
+		grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD=20=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD~$j |
 		case "$header" in
 		8859)
-			grep "^encoding ISO-8859-1" ;;
+			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1" ;;
 		*)
-			! grep "^encoding ISO-8859-1" ;;
+			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1"; test "$?" != 0 ;;
 		esac || {
 			bad=1
 			break
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ check_encoding () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 
 	# use UTF-8 in author and committer name to match the
 	# i18n.commitencoding settings
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	test_tick &&
 	echo "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" >mine &&
@@ -55,27 +55,27 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -s -m "Second on side" &&
 
 	# the second one on the side branch is ISO-8859-1
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo Yet another >theirs &&
 	git add theirs &&
 	git commit -s -m "Third on side" &&
 
 	# Back to default
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch output (ISO-8859-1)' '
-	git-config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 
 	git format-patch --stdout master..HEAD^ >out-l1 &&
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >out-l2 &&
-	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1" out-l1 &&
-	grep "^From: =?ISO-8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED_=F3=FA?=" out-l1 &&
-	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1" out-l2 &&
-	grep "^From: =?ISO-8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED_=F3=FA?=" out-l2
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1" out-l1 &&
+	grep "^From: =?ISO8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1" out-l2 &&
+	grep "^From: =?ISO8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch output (UTF-8)' '
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch output (UTF-8)' '
 	git format-patch --stdout master..HEAD^ >out-u1 &&
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >out-u2 &&
 	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" out-u1 &&
-	grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD_=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" out-u1 &&
+	grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD=20=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" out-u1 &&
 	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" out-u2 &&
-	grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD_=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" out-u2
+	grep "^From: =?UTF-8?q?=C3=81=C3=A9=C3=AD=20=C3=B3=C3=BA?=" out-u2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase (U/U)' '
 	# We want the result of rebase in UTF-8
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 
 	# The test is about logoutputencoding not affecting the
 	# final outcome -- it is used internally to generate the
@@ -101,32 +101,32 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (U/U)' '
 
 	# The result will be committed by GIT_COMMITTER_NAME --
 	# we want UTF-8 encoded name.
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 	git checkout -b test &&
-	git-rebase master &&
+	git rebase master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase (U/L)' '
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase master &&
+	git rebase master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase master &&
+	git rebase master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2 8859
 '
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (L/L)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase (L/U)' '
 	# This is pathological -- use UTF-8 as intermediate form
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase master &&
+	git rebase master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2 8859
 '
@@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (L/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/U)' '
 	# Both the commitencoding and logoutputencoding is set to UTF-8.
 
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
 	git cherry-pick side &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git revert HEAD &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
 
 	check_encoding 3
 '
@@ -162,14 +162,14 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(L/L)' '
 	# Both the commitencoding and logoutputencoding is set to ISO-8859-1
 
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
 	git cherry-pick side &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git revert HEAD &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
 
 	check_encoding 3 8859
 '
@@ -177,14 +177,14 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(L/L)' '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/L)' '
 	# Commitencoding is set to UTF-8 but logoutputencoding is ISO-8859-1
 
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
 	git cherry-pick side &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git revert HEAD &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
 
 	check_encoding 3
 '
@@ -193,48 +193,48 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(L/U)' '
 	# Again, the commitencoding is set to ISO-8859-1 but
 	# logoutputencoding is set to UTF-8.
 
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
 	git cherry-pick side &&
-	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git revert HEAD &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
 
 	check_encoding 3 8859
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/U)' '
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase --merge master &&
+	git rebase --merge master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/L)' '
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase --merge master &&
+	git rebase --merge master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase --merge master &&
+	git rebase --merge master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2 8859
 '
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/L)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/U)' '
 	# This is pathological -- use UTF-8 as intermediate form
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
-	git-config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. ../t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	git-rebase --merge master &&
+	git rebase --merge master &&
 
 	check_encoding 2 8859
 '
diff --git a/t/t3902-quoted.sh b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5868052425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
+#
+
+test_description='quoted output'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+FN='濱野'
+GN='ç´”'
+HT='	'
+LF='
+'
+DQ='"'
+
+echo foo 2>/dev/null > "Name and an${HT}HT"
+test -f "Name and an${HT}HT" || {
+	# since FAT/NTFS does not allow tabs in filenames, skip this test
+	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames, test skipped.'
+	test_done
+}
+
+for_each_name () {
+	for name in \
+	    Name "Name and a${LF}LF" "Name and an${HT}HT" "Name${DQ}" \
+	    "$FN$HT$GN" "$FN$LF$GN" "$FN $GN" "$FN$GN" "$FN$DQ$GN" \
+	    "With SP in it"
+	do
+		eval "$1"
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	for_each_name "echo initial >\"\$name\""
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -q -m Initial &&
+
+	for_each_name "echo second >\"\$name\"" &&
+	git commit -a -m Second
+
+	for_each_name "echo modified >\"\$name\""
+
+'
+
+cat >expect.quoted <<\EOF
+Name
+"Name and a\nLF"
+"Name and an\tHT"
+"Name\""
+With SP in it
+"\346\277\261\351\207\216\t\347\264\224"
+"\346\277\261\351\207\216\n\347\264\224"
+"\346\277\261\351\207\216 \347\264\224"
+"\346\277\261\351\207\216\"\347\264\224"
+"\346\277\261\351\207\216\347\264\224"
+EOF
+
+cat >expect.raw <<\EOF
+Name
+"Name and a\nLF"
+"Name and an\tHT"
+"Name\""
+With SP in it
+"濱野\t純"
+"濱野\n純"
+濱野 純
+"濱野\"純"
+濱野純
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
+
+	git ls-files >current && test_cmp expect.quoted current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
+
+	git diff --name-only >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.quoted current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
+
+	git diff --name-only HEAD >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.quoted current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
+
+	git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.quoted current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setting core.quotepath' '
+
+	git config --bool core.quotepath false
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
+
+	git ls-files >current && test_cmp expect.raw current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
+
+	git diff --name-only >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.raw current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
+
+	git diff --name-only HEAD >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.raw current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
+
+	git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.raw current
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3903-stash.sh b/t/t3903-stash.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7a3fb67957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3903-stash.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test git stash'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'stash some dirty working directory' '
+	echo 1 > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo 2 > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo 3 > file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git stash &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index 0cfbf08..00750ed 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-2
++3
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'parents of stash' '
+	test $(git rev-parse stash^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git diff stash^2..stash > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply needs clean working directory' '
+	echo 4 > other-file &&
+	git add other-file &&
+	echo 5 > other-file &&
+	test_must_fail git stash apply
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply stashed changes' '
+	git add other-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m other-file &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply stashed changes (including index)' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	echo 6 > other-file &&
+	git add other-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m other-file &&
+	git stash apply --index &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 2 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unstashing in a subdirectory' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	cd subdir &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'drop top stash' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash list > stashlist1 &&
+	echo 7 > file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash drop &&
+	git stash list > stashlist2 &&
+	diff stashlist1 stashlist2 &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'drop middle stash' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo 8 > file &&
+	git stash &&
+	echo 9 > file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash drop stash@{1} &&
+	test 2 = $(git stash list | wc -l) &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 9 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file) &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash drop &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash pop' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file) &&
+	test 0 = $(git stash list | wc -l)
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..1fe912c
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file2
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++bar2
+EOF
+
+cat > expect1 << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index 257cc56..5716ca5 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-foo
++bar
+EOF
+
+cat > expect2 << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index 7601807..5716ca5 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-baz
++bar
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..1fe912c
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file2
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++bar2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'stash branch' '
+	echo foo > file &&
+	git commit file -m first
+	echo bar > file &&
+	echo bar2 > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git stash &&
+	echo baz > file &&
+	git commit file -m second &&
+	git stash branch stashbranch &&
+	test refs/heads/stashbranch = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse master^) &&
+	git diff --cached > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect &&
+	git diff > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect1 &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m alternate\ second &&
+	git diff master..stashbranch > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect2 &&
+	test 0 = $(git stash list | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply -q is quiet' '
+	echo foo > file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash apply -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'save -q is quiet' '
+	git stash save --quiet > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pop -q is quiet' '
+	git stash pop -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'drop -q is quiet' '
+	git stash &&
+	git stash drop -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4000-diff-format.sh b/t/t4000-diff-format.sh
index 9c58d77cc2..6ddd46915d 100755
--- a/t/t4000-diff-format.sh
+++ b/t/t4000-diff-format.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='Test built-in diff output engine.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
 echo >path0 'Line 1
 Line 2
@@ -16,16 +16,16 @@ cat path0 >path1
 chmod +x path1
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'update-cache --add two files with and without +x.' \
-    'git-update-index --add path0 path1'
+    'update-index --add two files with and without +x.' \
+    'git update-index --add path0 path1'
 
 mv path0 path0-
 sed -e 's/line/Line/' <path0- >path0
 chmod +x path0
 rm -f path1
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-diff-files -p after editing work tree.' \
-    'git-diff-files -p >current'
+    'git diff-files -p after editing work tree.' \
+    'git diff-files -p >current'
 
 # that's as far as it comes
 if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ deleted file mode 100755
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'validate git-diff-files -p output.' \
+    'validate git diff-files -p output.' \
     'compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
index 2e3c20d6b9..71bac83dd5 100755
--- a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='Test rename detection in diff engine.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
 echo >path0 'Line 1
 Line 2
@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@ Line 15
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'update-cache --add a file.' \
-    'git-update-index --add path0'
+    'update-index --add a file.' \
+    'git update-index --add path0'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'write that tree.' \
-    'tree=$(git-write-tree) && echo $tree'
+    'tree=$(git write-tree) && echo $tree'
 
 sed -e 's/line/Line/' <path0 >path1
 rm -f path0
 test_expect_success \
     'renamed and edited the file.' \
-    'git-update-index --add --remove path0 path1'
+    'git update-index --add --remove path0 path1'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-diff-index -p -M after rename and editing.' \
-    'git-diff-index -p -M $tree >current'
+    'git diff-index -p -M after rename and editing.' \
+    'git diff-index -p -M $tree >current'
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/path0 b/path1
 rename from path0
@@ -64,4 +64,17 @@ test_expect_success \
     'validate the output.' \
     'compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
+test_expect_success 'favour same basenames over different ones' '
+	cp path1 another-path &&
+	git add another-path &&
+	git commit -m 1 &&
+	git rm path1 &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	git mv another-path subdir/path1 &&
+	git status | grep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+
+test_expect_success  'favour same basenames even with minor differences' '
+	git show HEAD:path1 | sed "s/15/16/" > subdir/path1 &&
+	git status | grep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
index 56eda63fc2..18695ce821 100755
--- a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='Test diff raw-output.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-read-tree-m-3way.sh
 
 cat >.test-plain-OA <<\EOF
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ccba72ad3888a3520b39efcf780b9ee64167535d A	AA
@@ -140,80 +140,94 @@ cmp_diff_files_output () {
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-plain-OA'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-OA'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree $tree_O $tree_B >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree $tree_O $tree_B >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-plain-OB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_B >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_B >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-OB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree $tree_A $tree_B >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree $tree_A $tree_B >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-plain-AB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree of known trees.' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r $tree_A $tree_B >.test-a &&
+    'git diff-tree -r $tree_A $tree_B >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-AB'
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'diff-tree --stdin of known trees.' \
+    'echo $tree_A $tree_B | git diff-tree --stdin > .test-a &&
+     echo $tree_A $tree_B > .test-plain-ABx &&
+     cat .test-plain-AB >> .test-plain-ABx &&
+     cmp -s .test-a .test-plain-ABx'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff-tree --stdin of known trees.' \
+    'echo $tree_A $tree_B | git diff-tree -r --stdin > .test-a &&
+     echo $tree_A $tree_B > .test-recursive-ABx &&
+     cat .test-recursive-AB >> .test-recursive-ABx &&
+     cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-ABx'
+
+test_expect_success \
     'diff-cache O with A in cache' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree_A &&
-     git-diff-index --cached $tree_O >.test-a &&
+    'git read-tree $tree_A &&
+     git diff-index --cached $tree_O >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-OA'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-cache O with B in cache' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree_B &&
-     git-diff-index --cached $tree_O >.test-a &&
+    'git read-tree $tree_B &&
+     git diff-index --cached $tree_O >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-OB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-cache A with B in cache' \
-    'git-read-tree $tree_B &&
-     git-diff-index --cached $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    'git read-tree $tree_B &&
+     git diff-index --cached $tree_A >.test-a &&
      cmp -s .test-a .test-recursive-AB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-files with O in cache and A checked out' \
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_A &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git-read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
-     git-update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
-     git-diff-files >.test-a &&
+     git read-tree $tree_A &&
+     git checkout-index -f -a &&
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
+     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-OA'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-files with O in cache and B checked out' \
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_B &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git-read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
-     git-update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
-     git-diff-files >.test-a &&
+     git read-tree $tree_B &&
+     git checkout-index -f -a &&
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
+     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-OB'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-files with A in cache and B checked out' \
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
-     git-read-tree $tree_B &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git-read-tree --reset $tree_A || return 1
-     git-update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
-     git-diff-files >.test-a &&
+     git read-tree $tree_B &&
+     git checkout-index -f -a &&
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_A || return 1
+     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-AB'
 
 ################################################################
@@ -222,26 +236,34 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree O A == diff-tree -R A O' \
-    'git-diff-tree $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
-    git-diff-tree -R $tree_A $tree_O >.test-b &&
+    'git diff-tree $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    git diff-tree -R $tree_A $tree_O >.test-b &&
     cmp -s .test-a .test-b'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree -r O A == diff-tree -r -R A O' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
-    git-diff-tree -r -R $tree_A $tree_O >.test-b &&
+    'git diff-tree -r $tree_O $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    git diff-tree -r -R $tree_A $tree_O >.test-b &&
     cmp -s .test-a .test-b'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree B A == diff-tree -R A B' \
-    'git-diff-tree $tree_B $tree_A >.test-a &&
-    git-diff-tree -R $tree_A $tree_B >.test-b &&
+    'git diff-tree $tree_B $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    git diff-tree -R $tree_A $tree_B >.test-b &&
     cmp -s .test-a .test-b'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff-tree -r B A == diff-tree -r -R A B' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r $tree_B $tree_A >.test-a &&
-    git-diff-tree -r -R $tree_A $tree_B >.test-b &&
+    'git diff-tree -r $tree_B $tree_A >.test-a &&
+    git diff-tree -r -R $tree_A $tree_B >.test-b &&
     cmp -s .test-a .test-b'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff can read from stdin' \
+    'test_must_fail git diff --no-index -- MN - < NN |
+        grep -v "^index" | sed "s#/-#/NN#" >.test-a &&
+    test_must_fail git diff --no-index -- MN NN |
+        grep -v "^index" >.test-b &&
+    test_cmp .test-a .test-b'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh b/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
index 27519704d4..c6130c4019 100755
--- a/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
+++ b/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ test_description='More rename detection
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
      echo frotz >rezrov &&
-    git-update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+    git update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
     echo $tree'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ test_expect_success \
     'sed -e 's/HOWEVER/However/' <COPYING >COPYING.1 &&
     sed -e 's/GPL/G.P.L/g' <COPYING >COPYING.2 &&
     rm -f COPYING &&
-    git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
+    git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING.1 and COPYING.2,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  So we say you
 # copy-and-edit one, and rename-and-edit the other.  We do not say
 # anything about rezrov.
 
-GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git-diff-index -M -p $tree >current
+GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING.1
 copy from COPYING
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree again' \
     'mv COPYING.2 COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING and COPYING.1,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  So we say you
 # edited one, and copy-and-edit the other.  We do not say
 # anything about rezrov.
 
-GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git-diff-index -C -p $tree >current
+GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -C -p $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING
 --- a/COPYING
@@ -99,17 +99,17 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree once again' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING and COPYING.1,
 # but COPYING is not edited.  We say you copy-and-edit COPYING.1; this
 # is only possible because -C mode now reports the unmodified file to
 # the diff-core.  Unchanged rezrov, although being fed to
-# git-diff-index as well, should not be mentioned.
+# git diff-index as well, should not be mentioned.
 
 GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 \
-    git-diff-index -C --find-copies-harder -p $tree >current
+    git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder -p $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING.1
 copy from COPYING
diff --git a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
index a23aaa0a94..a4da1196a9 100755
--- a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
@@ -10,14 +10,20 @@ copy of symbolic links, but should not produce rename/copy followed
 by an edit for them.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
     'echo xyzzy | tr -d '\\\\'012 >yomin &&
      ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
-    git-update-index --add frotz yomin &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+    git update-index --add frotz yomin &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
     echo $tree'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -26,7 +32,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      rm -f yomin &&
      ln -s xyzzy nitfol &&
      ln -s xzzzy bozbar &&
-    git-update-index --add --remove frotz rezrov nitfol bozbar yomin'
+    git update-index --add --remove frotz rezrov nitfol bozbar yomin'
 
 # tree has frotz pointing at xyzzy, and yomin that contains xyzzy to
 # confuse things.  work tree has rezrov (xyzzy) nitfol (xyzzy) and
@@ -34,7 +40,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 # rezrov and nitfol are rename/copy of frotz and bozbar should be
 # a new creation.
 
-GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git-diff-index -M -p $tree >current
+GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/bozbar b/bozbar
 new file mode 120000
diff --git a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
index 684fd23a41..1ba359d478 100755
--- a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
+++ b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ test_description='Same rename detection as t4003 but testing diff-raw.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
      echo frotz >rezrov &&
-    git-update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+    git update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
     echo $tree'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ test_expect_success \
     'sed -e 's/HOWEVER/However/' <COPYING >COPYING.1 &&
     sed -e 's/GPL/G.P.L/g' <COPYING >COPYING.2 &&
     rm -f COPYING &&
-    git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
+    git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING.1 and COPYING.2,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # and COPYING.2 are based on COPYING, and do not say anything about
 # rezrov.
 
-git-diff-index -M $tree >current
+git diff-index -M $tree >current
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree again' \
     'mv COPYING.2 COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING and COPYING.1,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # is based on COPYING and COPYING is still there, and do not say anything
 # about rezrov.
 
-git-diff-index -C $tree >current
+git diff-index -C $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 06c67961bbaed34a127f76d261f4c0bf73eda471 M	COPYING
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree once again' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
 
-git-diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
+git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
index e72c6fd1b4..8c1b81e248 100755
--- a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
+++ b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
@@ -11,25 +11,14 @@ test_description='Test mode change diffs.
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'echo frotz >rezrov &&
-     git-update-index --add rezrov &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add rezrov &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $tree'
 
-if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
-then
-	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem, using update-index --chmod=+x'
-	test_expect_success \
-	    'git-update-index --chmod=+x' \
-	    'git-update-index rezrov &&
-	     git-update-index --chmod=+x rezrov &&
-	     git-diff-index $tree >current'
-else
-	test_expect_success \
-	    'chmod' \
-	    'chmod +x rezrov &&
-	     git-update-index rezrov &&
-	     git-diff-index $tree >current'
-fi
+test_expect_success \
+    'chmod' \
+    'test_chmod +x rezrov &&
+     git diff-index $tree >current'
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
@@ -38,7 +27,6 @@ echo ":100644 100755 X X M	rezrov" >expected
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify' \
-    'git diff expected check'
+    'test_cmp expected check'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
index bb6ba69258..11502b7509 100755
--- a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
+++ b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
@@ -7,34 +7,38 @@ test_description='Rename interaction with pathspec.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare reference tree' \
-    'mkdir path0 path1 &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add path0/COPYING &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-    echo $tree'
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare reference tree' '
+	mkdir path0 path1 &&
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add path0/COPYING &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo $tree
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare work tree' \
-    'cp path0/COPYING path1/COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove path0/COPYING path1/COPYING'
+test_expect_success 'prepare work tree' '
+	cp path0/COPYING path1/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add --remove path0/COPYING path1/COPYING
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 and
 # path1 both have COPYING and the latter is a copy of path0/COPYING.
 # Comparing the full tree with cache should tell us so.
 
-git-diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 C100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#1)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'copy detection' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copy detection, cached' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder --cached $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 and
 # path1 both have COPYING and the latter is a copy of path0/COPYING.
@@ -42,49 +46,45 @@ test_expect_success \
 # path1/COPYING suddenly appearing from nowhere, not detected as
 # a copy from path0/COPYING.
 
-git-diff-index -C $tree path1 >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#2)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'tweak work tree' \
-    'rm -f path0/COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --remove path0/COPYING'
+test_expect_success 'copy, limited to a subtree' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree path1 >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'tweak work tree' '
+	rm -f path0/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --remove path0/COPYING
+'
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 does
 # not have COPYING anymore and path1 has COPYING which is a copy of
 # path0/COPYING.  Showing the full tree with cache should tell us about
 # the rename.
 
-git-diff-index -C $tree >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 R100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#3)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'rename detection' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 does
 # not have COPYING anymore and path1 has COPYING which is a copy of
 # path0/COPYING.  When we say we care only about path1, we should just
 # see path1/COPYING appearing from nowhere.
 
-git-diff-index -C $tree path1 >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#4)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'rename, limited to a subtree' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree path1 >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
index 263ac1ebf7..e19ca65885 100755
--- a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
@@ -22,25 +22,25 @@ four changes in total.
 Further, with -B and -M together, these should turn into two renames.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 test_expect_success \
     setup \
-    'cat ../../README >file0 &&
-     cat ../../COPYING >file1 &&
-    git-update-index --add file0 file1 &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../README >file0 &&
+     cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >file1 &&
+    git update-index --add file0 file1 &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
     echo "$tree"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'change file1 with copy-edit of file0 and remove file0' \
     'sed -e "s/git/GIT/" file0 >file1 &&
      rm -f file0 &&
-    git-update-index --remove file0 file1'
+    git update-index --remove file0 file1'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B' \
-    'git-diff-index -B --cached "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B --cached "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 000000 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file0
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B and -M' \
-    'git-diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 08bb2fb671deff4c03a4d4a0a1315dff98d5732c R100	file0	file1
@@ -66,16 +66,16 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'swap file0 and file1' \
     'rm -f file0 file1 &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -u -a &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree &&
+     git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
      mv file0 tmp &&
      mv file1 file0 &&
      mv tmp file1 &&
-     git-update-index file0 file1'
+     git update-index file0 file1'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B' \
-    'git-diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 M100	file0
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B and -M' \
-    'git-diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 R100	file1	file0
@@ -99,43 +99,43 @@ test_expect_success \
     'validate result of -B -M (#4)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'make file0 into something completely different' \
     'rm -f file0 &&
      ln -s frotz file0 &&
-     git-update-index file0 file1'
+     git update-index file0 file1'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B' \
-    'git-diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 120000 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 67be421f88824578857624f7b3dc75e99a8a1481 T	file0
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 M100	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -B (#5)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'run diff with -B' \
-    'git-diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
+    'run diff with -B -M' \
+    'git diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
 
-# This should not mistake file0 as the copy source of new file1
-# due to type differences.
+# file0 changed from regular to symlink.  file1 is very close to the preimage of file0.
+# because we break file0, file1 can become a rename of it.
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 120000 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 67be421f88824578857624f7b3dc75e99a8a1481 T	file0
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 M100	file1
+:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 R	file0	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -B -M (#6)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -M' \
-    'git-diff-index -M "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -M "$tree" >current'
 
 # This should not mistake file0 as the copy source of new file1
 # due to type differences.
@@ -144,23 +144,23 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 M	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -M (#7)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'file1 edited to look like file0 and file0 rename-edited to file2' \
     'rm -f file0 file1 &&
-     git-read-tree -m $tree &&
-     git-checkout-index -f -u -a &&
+     git read-tree -m $tree &&
+     git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
      sed -e "s/git/GIT/" file0 >file1 &&
      sed -e "s/git/GET/" file0 >file2 &&
      rm -f file0
-     git-update-index --add --remove file0 file1 file2'
+     git update-index --add --remove file0 file1 file2'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B' \
-    'git-diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 000000 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file0
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'run diff with -B -M' \
-    'git-diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
+    'git diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 08bb2fb671deff4c03a4d4a0a1315dff98d5732c C095	file0	file1
diff --git a/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh b/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
index 2f2f8b1216..de3f17478e 100755
--- a/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
+++ b/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ test_description='Same rename detection as t4003 but testing diff-raw -z.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
      echo frotz >rezrov &&
-    git-update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
+    git update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
     echo $tree'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ test_expect_success \
     'sed -e 's/HOWEVER/However/' <COPYING >COPYING.1 &&
     sed -e 's/GPL/G.P.L/g' <COPYING >COPYING.2 &&
     rm -f COPYING &&
-    git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
+    git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING.1 and COPYING.2,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # and COPYING.2 are based on COPYING, and do not say anything about
 # rezrov.
 
-git-diff-index -z -M $tree >current
+git diff-index -z -M $tree >current
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree again' \
     'mv COPYING.2 COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
 
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING and COPYING.1,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # is based on COPYING and COPYING is still there, and do not say anything
 # about rezrov.
 
-git-diff-index -z -C $tree >current
+git diff-index -z -C $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 06c67961bbaed34a127f76d261f4c0bf73eda471 M
 COPYING
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare work tree once again' \
-    'cat ../../COPYING >COPYING &&
-     git-update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
+    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >COPYING &&
+     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
 
-git-diff-index -z -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
+git diff-index -z -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234
 COPYING
diff --git a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
index 9e1544df9d..94df7ae53a 100755
--- a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
@@ -10,25 +10,25 @@ Prepare:
         path1/file1
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 test_expect_success \
     setup \
     'echo frotz >file0 &&
      mkdir path1 &&
      echo rezrov >path1/file1 &&
-     git-update-index --add file0 path1/file1 &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
+     git update-index --add file0 path1/file1 &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo "$tree" &&
      echo nitfol >file0 &&
      echo yomin >path1/file1 &&
-     git-update-index file0 path1/file1'
+     git update-index file0 path1/file1'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'limit to path should show nothing' \
-    'git-diff-index --cached $tree -- path >current &&
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- path >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'limit to path1 should show path1/file1' \
-    'git-diff-index --cached $tree -- path1 >current &&
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- path1 >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'limit to path1/ should show path1/file1' \
-    'git-diff-index --cached $tree -- path1/ >current &&
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- path1/ >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -52,14 +52,22 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'limit to file0 should show file0' \
-    'git-diff-index --cached $tree -- file0 >current &&
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- file0 >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'limit to file0/ should emit nothing.' \
-    'git-diff-index --cached $tree -- file0/ >current &&
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- file0/ >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree pathspec' '
+	tree2=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo "$tree2" &&
+	git diff-tree -r --name-only $tree $tree2 -- pa path1/a >current &&
+	>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 379a831f0b..d7e327cc5b 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,13 @@ test_description='Test diff of symlinks.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
 
 cat > expected << EOF
 diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
@@ -23,17 +29,17 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'diff new symlink' \
     'ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
-    git-update-index &&
-    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-    git-update-index --add frotz &&
-    GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git-diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
+    git update-index &&
+    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+    git update-index --add frotz &&
+    GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'diff unchanged symlink' \
-    'tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-    git-update-index frotz &&
-    test -z "$(git-diff-index --name-only $tree)"'
+    'tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+    git update-index frotz &&
+    test -z "$(git diff-index --name-only $tree)"'
 
 cat > expected << EOF
 diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
@@ -49,7 +55,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'diff removed symlink' \
     'rm frotz &&
-    git-diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
+    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
 cat > expected << EOF
@@ -60,7 +66,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'diff identical, but newly created symlink' \
     'sleep 3 &&
     ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
-    git-diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
+    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
 cat > expected << EOF
@@ -79,7 +85,14 @@ test_expect_success \
     'diff different symlink' \
     'rm frotz &&
     ln -s yxyyz frotz &&
-    git-diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
+    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' \
+    'ln -s narf pinky &&
+    ln -s take\ over brain &&
+    test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain > output 2> output.err &&
+    grep narf output &&
+    ! grep error output.err'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
index 323606c65c..f64aa48d24 100755
--- a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ test_description='Binary diff and apply
 
 test_expect_success 'prepare repository' \
 	'echo AIT >a && echo BIT >b && echo CIT >c && echo DIT >d &&
-	 git-update-index --add a b c d &&
+	 git update-index --add a b c d &&
 	 echo git >a &&
-	 cat ../test4012.png >b &&
+	 cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test4012.png >b &&
 	 echo git >c &&
 	 cat b b >d'
 
@@ -24,18 +24,18 @@ cat > expected <<\EOF
  4 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'diff without --binary' \
-	'git-diff | git-apply --stat --summary >current &&
-	 cmp current expected'
+	'git diff | git apply --stat --summary >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success 'diff with --binary' \
-	'git-diff --binary | git-apply --stat --summary >current &&
-	 cmp current expected'
+	'git diff --binary | git apply --stat --summary >current &&
+	 test_cmp expected current'
 
 # apply needs to be able to skip the binary material correctly
 # in order to report the line number of a corrupt patch.
 test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
-	'git-diff | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
-	 if git-apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
+	'git diff | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
+	 if git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
 	 then
 		echo unhappy - should have detected an error
 		(exit 1)
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
 	 test "$detected" = xCIT'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
-	'git-diff --binary | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
-	 if git-apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
+	'git diff --binary | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
+	 if git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
 	 then
 		echo unhappy - should have detected an error
 		(exit 1)
@@ -61,20 +61,41 @@ test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
 	 detected=`sed -ne "${detected}p" broken` &&
 	 test "$detected" = xCIT'
 
-test_expect_success 'initial commit' 'git-commit -a -m initial'
+test_expect_success 'initial commit' 'git commit -a -m initial'
 
 # Try removal (b), modification (d), and creation (e).
 test_expect_success 'diff-index with --binary' \
 	'echo AIT >a && mv b e && echo CIT >c && cat e >d &&
-	 git-update-index --add --remove a b c d e &&
-	 tree0=`git-write-tree` &&
-	 git-diff --cached --binary >current &&
-	 git-apply --stat --summary current'
+	 git update-index --add --remove a b c d e &&
+	 tree0=`git write-tree` &&
+	 git diff --cached --binary >current &&
+	 git apply --stat --summary current'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply binary patch' \
-	'git-reset --hard &&
-	 git-apply --binary --index <current &&
-	 tree1=`git-write-tree` &&
+	'git reset --hard &&
+	 git apply --binary --index <current &&
+	 tree1=`git write-tree` &&
 	 test "$tree1" = "$tree0"'
 
+q_to_nul() {
+	perl -pe 'y/Q/\000/'
+}
+
+nul_to_q() {
+	perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --no-index with binary creation' '
+	echo Q | q_to_nul >binary &&
+	(: hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
+	 git diff --binary --no-index /dev/null binary >current ||
+	 true
+	) &&
+	rm binary &&
+	git apply --binary <current &&
+	echo Q >expected &&
+	nul_to_q <binary >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index 488e075c16..8b33321f8c 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 
 	mkdir dir &&
+	mkdir dir2 &&
 	for i in 1 2 3; do echo $i; done >file0 &&
 	for i in A B; do echo $i; done >dir/sub &&
 	cat file0 >file2 &&
@@ -73,6 +74,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	for i in 1 2; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
 	git update-index file0 dir/sub &&
 
+	mkdir dir3 &&
+	cp dir/sub dir3/sub &&
+	test-chmtime +1 dir3/sub &&
+
 	git config log.showroot false &&
 	git commit --amend &&
 	git show-branch
@@ -96,9 +101,8 @@ do
 	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
 	esac
 	test=`echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g'`
-	cnt=`expr $test_count + 1`
-	pfx=`printf "%04d" $cnt`
-	expect="../t4013/diff.$test"
+	pfx=`printf "%04d" $test_count`
+	expect="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.$test"
 	actual="$pfx-diff.$test"
 
 	test_expect_success "git $cmd" '
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ do
 		} >"$actual" &&
 		if test -f "$expect"
 		then
-			git diff "$expect" "$actual" &&
+			test_cmp "$expect" "$actual" &&
 			rm -f "$actual"
 		else
 			# this is to help developing new tests.
@@ -202,6 +206,10 @@ log --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 log --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 log -SF master
 log -SF -p master
+log --decorate --all
+
+rev-list --parents HEAD
+rev-list --children HEAD
 
 whatchanged master
 whatchanged -p master
@@ -235,12 +243,20 @@ show --patch-with-stat --summary side
 format-patch --stdout initial..side
 format-patch --stdout initial..master^
 format-patch --stdout initial..master
+format-patch --stdout --no-numbered initial..master
+format-patch --stdout --numbered initial..master
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..side
+format-patch --attach --stdout --suffix=.diff initial..side
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master^
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..side
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master^
+format-patch --inline --stdout --numbered-files initial..master
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master
+format-patch --inline --stdout --subject-prefix=TESTCASE initial..master
+config format.subjectprefix DIFFERENT_PREFIX
+format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master^^
+format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -n initial..master^
 
 diff --abbrev initial..side
 diff -r initial..side
@@ -251,6 +267,12 @@ diff --patch-with-stat initial..side
 diff --patch-with-raw initial..side
 diff --patch-with-stat -r initial..side
 diff --patch-with-raw -r initial..side
+diff --name-status dir2 dir
+diff --no-index --name-status dir2 dir
+diff --no-index --name-status -- dir2 dir
+diff --no-index dir dir3
+diff master master^ side
+diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
 EOF
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.config_format.subjectprefix_DIFFERENT_PREFIX b/t/t4013/diff.config_format.subjectprefix_DIFFERENT_PREFIX
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78f8970e2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.config_format.subjectprefix_DIFFERENT_PREFIX
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+$ git config format.subjectprefix DIFFERENT_PREFIX
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b672e1ca63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
+  40.0% dir/
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--name-status_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--name-status_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0d96aaa91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--name-status_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+$ git diff --name-status dir2 dir
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6756f8de67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --name-status -- dir2 dir
+A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a47584777
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --name-status dir2 dir
+A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2142c2b9ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+$ git diff --no-index dir dir3
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_master_master^_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_master_master^_side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50ec9cadd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_master_master^_side
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+$ git diff master master^ side
+diff --cc dir/sub
+index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@@ -1,6 -1,4 +1,8 @@@
+  A
+  B
+ +C
+ +D
+ +E
+ +F
++ 1
++ 2
+diff --cc file0
+index b414108,f4615da..10a8a9f
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@@ -1,6 -1,6 +1,9 @@@
+  1
+  2
+  3
+ +4
+ +5
+ +6
++ A
++ B
++ C
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52116d3ead
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+$ git format-patch --attach --stdout --suffix=.diff initial..side
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH] Side
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.diff"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Side.diff"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
index cf6891f748..ce49bd676e 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ This is the second commit.
  file2   |    3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ index 01e79c3..0000000
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -75,10 +77,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file1   |    3 +++
  2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file1
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ index 0000000..b1e6722
 From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Side
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -122,10 +126,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file3   |    4 ++++
  3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file3
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0003-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
index fe0258720c..5f1b23863b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master^
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Second
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ This is the second commit.
  file2   |    3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ index 01e79c3..0000000
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Third
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -75,10 +77,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file1   |    3 +++
  2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file1
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
index 9ff828ee9d..4a2364abc2 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file3   |    4 ++++
  3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file3
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43b81eba54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+$ git format-patch --inline --stdout --numbered-files initial..master
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="2"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="2"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="3"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="3"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca3f60bf0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+$ git format-patch --inline --stdout --subject-prefix=TESTCASE initial..master
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [TESTCASE 1/3] Second
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [TESTCASE 2/3] Third
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [TESTCASE 3/3] Side
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0003-Side.patch"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
index aa110c0e7f..08f23014bc 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ This is the second commit.
  file2   |    3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ index 01e79c3..0000000
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -75,10 +77,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file1   |    3 +++
  2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file1
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ index 0000000..b1e6722
 From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Side
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -122,10 +126,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file3   |    4 ++++
  3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file3
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0003-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
index 95e9ea4c59..07f1230d31 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master^
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Second
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ This is the second commit.
  file2   |    3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ index 01e79c3..0000000
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Third
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
 
@@ -75,10 +77,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file1   |    3 +++
  2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file1
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29e00ab8af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+$ git format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master^^
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX] Second
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
index 86ae923d71..67633d424a 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
  file3   |    4 ++++
  3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file3
+
+
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8dab4bf93e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+$ git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -n initial..master^
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:05:00 +0000
+Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX 0/2] *** SUBJECT HERE ***
+
+*** BLURB HERE ***
+
+A U Thor (2):
+  Second
+  Third
+
+ dir/sub |    4 ++++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX 1/2] Second
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX 2/2] Third
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7752ebbea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+$ git format-patch --stdout --no-numbered initial..master
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH] Second
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH] Third
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH] Side
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e67dbf76f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+$ git format-patch --stdout --numbered initial..master
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+-- 
+g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
index 8b88ca4927..7b89978e32 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --stdout initial..master
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
 
 ---
  dir/sub |    2 ++
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
 From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Side
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
 
 ---
  dir/sub |    2 ++
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
index 47a4b88637..b7f9725dc4 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ git format-patch --stdout initial..master^
 From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Second
+Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Second
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
-Subject: [PATCH] Third
+Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Third
 
 ---
  dir/sub |    2 ++
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..954210ea90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+$ git log --decorate --all
+commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (master)
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Merge branch 'side'
+
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a (side)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+commit 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:01:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Second
+    
+    This is the second commit.
+
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a (initial)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
index 3ceb8e73c5..bd7f5c0f70 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat --summary master -- dir/
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
index 43d77761f9..14595a614c 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
index 5187a26816..5a4e72765d 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat master -- dir/
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index c9640976a8..df0aaa9f2c 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index ad050af55f..c11b5f2c7f 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
index 628c6c03bc..5f0c98f9ce 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --patch-with-stat master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 5d4e0f13b5..e62c368dc6 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
index 217a2eb203..b42c334439 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root -p master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
index e17ccfc234..e8f46159da 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master
index 6162ed2018..c1599f2f52 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master
@@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
 
     Third
-
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
index f8fefef2c3..bf1326dc36 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log -p master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_master
index e9d9e7b40a..a8f6ce5abd 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e7f17d5aa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git rev-list --children HEAD
+59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65d2a80208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git rev-list --parents HEAD
+59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_master b/t/t4013/diff.show_master
index 9e6e1f2710..fb08ce0e46 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git show master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 5facf2543d..e96ff1fb8c 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git whatchanged --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 10f6767e49..c0aff68ef6 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git whatchanged --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index 4795872a77..922a8941ed 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -3,29 +3,30 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='Format-patch skipping already incorporated patches'
+test_description='various format-patch tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
-	git add file &&
+	cat file >elif &&
+	git add file elif &&
 	git commit -m Initial &&
 	git checkout -b side &&
 
 	for i in 1 2 5 6 A B C 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
-	git update-index file &&
-	git commit -m "Side change #1" &&
+	test_chmod +x elif &&
+	git commit -m "Side changes #1" &&
 
 	for i in D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
 	git update-index file &&
-	git commit -m "Side change #2" &&
+	git commit -m "Side changes #2" &&
 	git tag C2 &&
 
 	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
 	git update-index file &&
-	git commit -m "Side change #3" &&
+	git commit -m "Side changes #3 with \\n backslash-n in it." &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git diff-tree -p C2 | git apply --index &&
@@ -66,4 +67,453 @@ test_expect_success "format-patch --ignore-if-in-upstream result applies" '
 	test $cnt = 2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit did not screw up the log message' '
+
+	git cat-file commit side | grep "^Side .* with .* backslash-n"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch did not screw up the log message' '
+
+	grep "^Subject: .*Side changes #3 with .* backslash-n" patch0 &&
+	grep "^Subject: .*Side changes #3 with .* backslash-n" patch1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'replay did not screw up the log message' '
+
+	git cat-file commit rebuild-1 | grep "^Side .* with .* backslash-n"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra headers' '
+
+	git config format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>
+" &&
+	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>
+" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master..side > patch2 &&
+	sed -e "/^$/q" patch2 > hdrs2 &&
+	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>$" hdrs2 &&
+	grep "^Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" hdrs2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra headers without newlines' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master..side >patch3 &&
+	sed -e "/^$/q" patch3 > hdrs3 &&
+	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>$" hdrs3 &&
+	grep "^Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" hdrs3
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra headers with multiple To:s' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --add format.headers "To: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master..side > patch4 &&
+	sed -e "/^$/q" patch4 > hdrs4 &&
+	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,$" hdrs4 &&
+	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" hdrs4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'additional command line cc' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --cc="S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^$/q" >patch5 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,$" patch5 &&
+	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" patch5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'command line headers' '
+
+	git config --unset-all format.headers &&
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^$/q" >patch6 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>$" patch6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configuration headers and command line headers' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^$/q" >patch7 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,$" patch7 &&
+	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" patch7
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple files' '
+
+	rm -rf patches/ &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	git format-patch -o patches/ master &&
+	ls patches/0001-Side-changes-1.patch patches/0002-Side-changes-2.patch patches/0003-Side-changes-3-with-n-backslash-n-in-it.patch
+'
+
+check_threading () {
+	expect="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	(git format-patch --stdout "$@"; echo $? > status.out) |
+	# Prints everything between the Message-ID and In-Reply-To,
+	# and replaces all Message-ID-lookalikes by a sequence number
+	perl -ne '
+		if (/^(message-id|references|in-reply-to)/i) {
+			$printing = 1;
+		} elsif (/^\S/) {
+			$printing = 0;
+		}
+		if ($printing) {
+			$h{$1}=$i++ if (/<([^>]+)>/ and !exists $h{$1});
+			for $k (keys %h) {s/$k/$h{$k}/};
+			print;
+		}
+		print "---\n" if /^From /i;
+	' > actual &&
+	test 0 = "$(cat status.out)" &&
+	test_cmp "$expect" actual
+}
+
+cat >> expect.no-threading <<EOF
+---
+---
+---
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'no threading' '
+	git checkout side &&
+	check_threading expect.no-threading master
+'
+
+cat > expect.thread <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread' '
+	check_threading expect.thread --thread master
+'
+
+cat > expect.in-reply-to <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.in-reply-to --in-reply-to="<test.message>" \
+		--thread master
+'
+
+cat > expect.cover-letter <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread cover-letter' '
+	check_threading expect.cover-letter --cover-letter --thread master
+'
+
+cat > expect.cl-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <4>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread cover-letter in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread explicit shallow' '
+	check_threading expect.cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread=shallow master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep' '
+	check_threading expect.deep --thread=deep master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-irt  --thread=deep \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-cl <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+	<2>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep cover-letter' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-cl --cover-letter --thread=deep master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-cl-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+---
+Message-Id: <4>
+In-Reply-To: <3>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+	<3>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep cover-letter in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread=deep master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread via config' '
+	git config format.thread true &&
+	check_threading expect.thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep via config' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.deep master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread config + override' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.thread --thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread config + --no-thread' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.no-threading --no-thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'excessive subject' '
+
+	rm -rf patches/ &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
+	git update-index file &&
+	git commit -m "This is an excessively long subject line for a message due to the habit some projects have of not having a short, one-line subject at the start of the commit message, but rather sticking a whole paragraph right at the start as the only thing in the commit message. It had better not become the filename for the patch." &&
+	git format-patch -o patches/ master..side &&
+	ls patches/0004-This-is-an-excessively-long-subject-line-for-a-messa.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover-letter inherits diff options' '
+
+	git mv file foo &&
+	git commit -m foo &&
+	git format-patch --cover-letter -1 &&
+	! grep "file => foo .* 0 *$" 0000-cover-letter.patch &&
+	git format-patch --cover-letter -1 -M &&
+	grep "file => foo .* 0 *$" 0000-cover-letter.patch
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+  This is an excessively long subject line for a message due to the
+    habit some projects have of not having a short, one-line subject at
+    the start of the commit message, but rather sticking a whole
+    paragraph right at the start as the only thing in the commit
+    message. It had better not become the filename for the patch.
+  foo
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'shortlog of cover-letter wraps overly-long onelines' '
+
+	git format-patch --cover-letter -2 &&
+	sed -e "1,/A U Thor/d" -e "/^$/q" < 0000-cover-letter.patch > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+---
+ file |   16 ++++++++++++++++
+ 1 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index 40f36c6..2dc5c23 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -13,4 +13,20 @@ C
+ 10
+ D
+ E
+ F
++5
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch respects -U' '
+
+	git format-patch -U4 -2 &&
+	sed -e "1,/^$/d" -e "/^+5/q" < 0001-This-is-an-excessively-long-subject-line-for-a-messa.patch > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (1)' '
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1
+	) &&
+	case "$filename" in
+	0*)
+		;; # ok
+	*)
+		echo "Oops? $filename"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	test -f "$filename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (2)' '
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1 -o ..
+	) &&
+	case "$filename" in
+	../0*)
+		;; # ok
+	*)
+		echo "Oops? $filename"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	basename=$(expr "$filename" : ".*/\(.*\)") &&
+	test -f "sub/$basename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (3)' '
+	here="$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test" &&
+	rm -f 0* &&
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1 -o "$here"
+	) &&
+	basename=$(expr "$filename" : ".*/\(.*\)") &&
+	test -f "$basename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --in-reply-to' '
+	git format-patch -1 --stdout --in-reply-to "baz@foo.bar" > patch8 &&
+	grep "^In-Reply-To: <baz@foo.bar>" patch8 &&
+	grep "^References: <baz@foo.bar>" patch8
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --signoff' '
+	git format-patch -1 --signoff --stdout |
+	grep "^Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
index 930e209d31..6d13da30da 100755
--- a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='Test special whitespace in diff engine.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
 # Ray Lehtiniemi's example
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ do {
 } while (0);
 EOF
 
-git-update-index --add x
+git update-index --add x
 
 cat << EOF > x
 do
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ index adf3937..6edc172 100644
 +while (0);
 EOF
 
-git-diff > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example without options" 'git diff expect out'
+git diff > out
+test_expect_success "Ray's example without options" 'test_cmp expect out'
 
-git-diff -w > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example with -w" 'git diff expect out'
+git diff -w > out
+test_expect_success "Ray's example with -w" 'test_cmp expect out'
 
-git-diff -b > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example with -b" 'git diff expect out'
+git diff -b > out
+test_expect_success "Ray's example with -b" 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > x
 whitespace at beginning
@@ -60,18 +60,18 @@ unchanged line
 CR at endQ
 EOF
 
-git-update-index x
+git update-index x
 
-cat << EOF > x
+tr '_' ' ' << EOF > x
 	whitespace at beginning
 whitespace 	 change
 white space in the middle
-whitespace at end  
+whitespace at end__
 unchanged line
 CR at end
 EOF
 
-tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
+tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
 index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 --- a/x
@@ -84,20 +84,26 @@ index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 +	whitespace at beginning
 +whitespace 	 change
 +white space in the middle
-+whitespace at end  
++whitespace at end__
  unchanged line
 -CR at endQ
 +CR at end
 EOF
-git-diff > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, without options' 'git diff expect out'
+git diff > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, without options' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 cat << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
 index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 EOF
-git-diff -w > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -w' 'git diff expect out'
+git diff -w > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w -b > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
@@ -114,7 +120,279 @@ index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
  unchanged line
  CR at endQ
 EOF
-git-diff -b > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -b' 'git diff expect out'
+git diff -b > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+
+tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
+diff --git a/x b/x
+index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
+--- a/x
++++ b/x
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+-whitespace at beginning
+-whitespace change
+-whitespace in the middle
++	whitespace at beginning
++whitespace 	 change
++white space in the middle
+ whitespace at end
+ unchanged line
+ CR at endQ
+EOF
+git diff --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+
+test_expect_success 'check mixed spaces and tabs in indent' '
+
+	# This is indented with SP HT SP.
+	echo " 	 foo();" > x &&
+	git diff --check | grep "space before tab in indent"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check mixed tabs and spaces in indent' '
+
+	# This is indented with HT SP HT.
+	echo "	 	foo();" > x &&
+	git diff --check | grep "space before tab in indent"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors' '
+
+	git commit -m "snapshot" &&
+	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace' '
+
+	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent' '
+
+	# indent has space followed by hard tab
+	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--check and --exit-code are not exclusive' '
+
+	git checkout x &&
+	git diff --check --exit-code
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--check and --quiet are not exclusive' '
+
+	git diff --check --quiet
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with no whitespace errors' '
+
+	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	git diff --cached --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with trailing whitespace' '
+
+	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with space before tab in indent' '
+
+	# indent has space followed by hard tab
+	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors (diff-index)' '
+
+	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	git diff-index --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace (diff-index)' '
+
+	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent (diff-index)' '
+
+	# indent has space followed by hard tab
+	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with no whitespace errors (diff-index)' '
+
+	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with trailing whitespace (diff-index)' '
+
+	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check staged with space before tab in indent (diff-index)' '
+
+	# indent has space followed by hard tab
+	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	git add x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors (diff-tree)' '
+
+	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	git commit -m "new commit" x &&
+	git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace (diff-tree)' '
+
+	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	git commit -m "another commit" x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent (diff-tree)' '
+
+	# indent has space followed by hard tab
+	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	git commit -m "yet another" x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check trailing whitespace (trailing-space: off)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "-trailing-space" &&
+	echo "foo ();   " > x &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check trailing whitespace (trailing-space: on)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "trailing-space" &&
+	echo "foo ();   " > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check space before tab in indent (space-before-tab: off)' '
+
+	# indent contains space followed by HT
+	git config core.whitespace "-space-before-tab" &&
+	echo " 	foo ();" > x &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check space before tab in indent (space-before-tab: on)' '
+
+	# indent contains space followed by HT
+	git config core.whitespace "space-before-tab" &&
+	echo " 	foo ();   " > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: off)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "-indent-with-non-tab"
+	echo "        foo ();" > x &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: on)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab" &&
+	echo "        foo ();" > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check tabs and spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: on)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab" &&
+	echo "	                foo ();" > x &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'line numbers in --check output are correct' '
+
+	echo "" > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >> x &&
+	git diff --check | grep "x:2:"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkdiff detects trailing blank lines' '
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
+	echo "" >>x &&
+	git diff --check | grep "ends with blank"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkdiff allows new blank lines' '
+	git checkout x &&
+	mv x y &&
+	(
+		echo "/* This is new */" &&
+		echo "" &&
+		cat y
+	) >x &&
+	git diff --check
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combined diff with autocrlf conversion' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo >x hello &&
+	git commit -m "one side" x &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	echo >x goodbye &&
+	git commit -m "the other side" x &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+
+	git diff | sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" >actual &&
+	! grep "^-" actual
+
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
index 5dbdc0c9fa..55eb5f83f1 100755
--- a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
+++ b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ P1='pathname	with HT'
 P2='pathname with SP'
 P3='pathname
 with LF'
-: >"$P1" 2>&1 && test -f "$P1" && rm -f "$P1" || {
-	echo >&2 'Filesystem does not support tabs in names'
+: 2>/dev/null >"$P1" && test -f "$P1" && rm -f "$P1" || {
+	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames, test skipped.'
 	test_done
 }
 
@@ -49,22 +49,22 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'git diff --summary -M HEAD' '
 	git diff --summary -M HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff expect actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
- pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0"            |    0 
- pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0"            |    0 
- "pathname\twith HT.3" => "Rpathname\nwith LF.1" |    0 
- pathname.2 => Rpathname with SP.0               |    0 
- "pathname\twith HT.2" => Rpathname with SP.1    |    0 
- pathname.0 => Rpathname.0                       |    0 
- "pathname\twith HT.0" => Rpathname.1            |    0 
+ pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0"            |    0
+ pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0"            |    0
+ "pathname\twith HT.3" => "Rpathname\nwith LF.1" |    0
+ pathname.2 => Rpathname with SP.0               |    0
+ "pathname\twith HT.2" => Rpathname with SP.1    |    0
+ pathname.0 => Rpathname.0                       |    0
+ "pathname\twith HT.0" => Rpathname.1            |    0
  7 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'git diff --stat -M HEAD' '
 	git diff --stat -M HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff expect actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
index 68731908be..60dd2014d5 100755
--- a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
+++ b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
@@ -76,4 +76,55 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 0 for no difference' '
+
+	git diff --check --exit-code
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 1 for a clean difference' '
+
+	echo "good" > a &&
+	git diff --check --exit-code
+	test $? = 1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 3 for a dirty difference' '
+
+	echo "bad   " >> a &&
+	git diff --check --exit-code
+	test $? = 3
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--check with --no-pager returns 2 for dirty difference' '
+
+	git --no-pager diff --check
+	test $? = 2
+
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'check should test not just the last line' '
+	echo "" >>a &&
+	git --no-pager diff --check
+	test $? = 2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check detects leftover conflict markers' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	echo binary >>b &&
+	git commit -m "side" b &&
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+	git add b && (
+		git --no-pager diff --cached --check >test.out
+		test $? = 2
+	) &&
+	test 3 = $(grep "conflict marker" test.out | wc -l) &&
+	git reset --hard
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5b10e976a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test custom diff function name patterns'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+LF='
+'
+
+cat > Beer.java << EOF
+public class Beer
+{
+	int special;
+	public static void main(String args[])
+	{
+		String s=" ";
+		for(int x = 99; x > 0; x--)
+		{
+			System.out.print(x + " bottles of beer on the wall "
+				+ x + " bottles of beer\n"
+				+ "Take one down, pass it around, " + (x - 1)
+				+ " bottles of beer on the wall.\n");
+		}
+		System.out.print("Go to the store, buy some more,\n"
+			+ "99 bottles of beer on the wall.\n");
+	}
+}
+EOF
+
+sed 's/beer\\/beer,\\/' < Beer.java > Beer-correct.java
+
+builtin_patterns="bibtex cpp html java objc pascal php python ruby tex"
+for p in $builtin_patterns
+do
+	test_expect_success "builtin $p pattern compiles" '
+		echo "*.java diff=$p" > .gitattributes &&
+		! ( git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java 2>&1 |
+			grep "fatal" > /dev/null )
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'default behaviour' '
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java |
+	grep "^@@.*@@ public class Beer"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preset java pattern' '
+	echo "*.java diff=java" >.gitattributes &&
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java |
+	grep "^@@.*@@ public static void main("
+'
+
+git config diff.java.funcname '!static
+!String
+[^ 	].*s.*'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom pattern' '
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java |
+	grep "^@@.*@@ int special;$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last regexp must not be negated' '
+	git config diff.java.funcname "!static" &&
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java 2>&1 |
+	grep "fatal: Last expression must not be negated:"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pattern which matches to end of line' '
+	git config diff.java.funcname "Beer$" &&
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java |
+	grep "^@@.*@@ Beer"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alternation in pattern' '
+	git config diff.java.xfuncname "^[ 	]*((public|static).*)$" &&
+	git diff --no-index Beer.java Beer-correct.java |
+	grep "^@@.*@@ public static void main("
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..84a1fe3115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff whitespace error detection'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	git config diff.color.whitespace "blue reverse" &&
+	>F &&
+	git add F &&
+	echo "         Eight SP indent" >>F &&
+	echo " 	HT and SP indent" >>F &&
+	echo "With trailing SP " >>F &&
+	echo "Carriage ReturnQ" | tr Q "\015" >>F &&
+	echo "No problem" >>F &&
+	echo >>F
+
+'
+
+blue_grep='7;34m' ;# ESC [ 7 ; 3 4 m
+
+test_expect_success default '
+
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return error >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'without -trail' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace -trail
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'without -trail (attribute)' '
+
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	echo "F whitespace=-trail" >.gitattributes
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'without -space' '
+
+	rm -f .gitattributes
+	git config core.whitespace -space
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return error >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'without -space (attribute)' '
+
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	echo "F whitespace=-space" >.gitattributes
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return error >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only' '
+
+	rm -f .gitattributes
+	git config core.whitespace indent,-trailing,-space
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only (attribute)' '
+
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	echo "F whitespace=indent,-trailing,-space" >.gitattributes
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol' '
+
+	rm -f .gitattributes
+	git config core.whitespace cr-at-eol
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol (attribute)' '
+
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	echo "F whitespace=trailing,cr-at-eol" >.gitattributes
+	git diff --color >output
+	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
+	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing empty lines (1)' '
+
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check >output &&
+	grep "ends with blank lines." output &&
+	grep "trailing whitespace" output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing empty lines (2)' '
+
+	echo "F -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	git diff --check >output &&
+	! test -s output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not color trailing cr in context' '
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	echo AAAQ | tr Q "\015" >G &&
+	git add G &&
+	echo BBBQ | tr Q "\015" >>G
+	git diff --color G | tr "\015" Q >output &&
+	grep "BBB.*${blue_grep}Q" output &&
+	grep "AAA.*\[mQ" output
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4ea42e00da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='external diff interface test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo initial >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo second >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo third >file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF environment' '
+
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff | {
+		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
+		test "z$path" = zfile &&
+		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
+		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
+		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF environment should apply only to diff' '
+
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git log -p -1 HEAD |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF environment and --no-ext-diff' '
+
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff --no-ext-diff |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute' '
+
+	git config diff.parrot.command echo &&
+
+	echo >.gitattributes "file diff=parrot" &&
+
+	git diff | {
+		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
+		test "z$path" = zfile &&
+		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
+		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
+		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute should apply only to diff' '
+
+	git log -p -1 HEAD |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute and --no-ext-diff' '
+
+	git diff --no-ext-diff |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute' '
+
+	git config --unset diff.parrot.command &&
+	git config diff.color.command echo &&
+
+	echo >.gitattributes "file diff=color" &&
+
+	git diff | {
+		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
+		test "z$path" = zfile &&
+		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
+		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
+		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute should apply only to diff' '
+
+	git log -p -1 HEAD |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff attribute and --no-ext-diff' '
+
+	git diff --no-ext-diff |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no diff with -diff' '
+	echo >.gitattributes "file -diff" &&
+	git diff | grep Binary
+'
+
+echo NULZbetweenZwords | perl -pe 'y/Z/\000/' > file
+
+test_expect_success 'force diff with "diff"' '
+	echo >.gitattributes "file diff" &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF with more than one changed files' '
+	echo anotherfile > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m "added 2nd file" &&
+	echo modified >file2 &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF generates pretty paths' '
+	touch file.ext &&
+	git add file.ext &&
+	echo with extension > file.ext &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff file.ext | grep ......_file\.ext &&
+	git update-index --force-remove file.ext &&
+	rm file.ext
+'
+
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-diff.sh
+cat >> fake-diff.sh <<\EOF
+cat $2 >> crlfed.txt
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake-diff.sh
+
+keep_only_cr () {
+	tr -dc '\015'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'external diff with autocrlf = true' '
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=./fake-diff.sh git diff &&
+	test $(wc -l < crlfed.txt) = $(cat crlfed.txt | keep_only_cr | wc -c)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --cached' '
+	git add file &&
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged file &&
+	echo second >file &&
+	git diff --cached >actual &&
+	test_cmp ../t4020/diff.NUL actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4020/diff.NUL b/t/t4020/diff.NUL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db2f89090c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4020/diff.NUL
diff --git a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..709b3231ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Brian C Gernhardt
+#
+
+test_description='Format-patch numbering options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo A > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m First &&
+
+	echo B >> file &&
+	git commit -a -m Second &&
+
+	echo C >> file &&
+	git commit -a -m Third
+
+'
+
+# Each of these gets used multiple times.
+
+test_num_no_numbered() {
+	cnt=$(grep "^Subject: \[PATCH\]" $1 | wc -l) &&
+	test $cnt = $2
+}
+
+test_single_no_numbered() {
+	test_num_no_numbered $1 1
+}
+
+test_no_numbered() {
+	test_num_no_numbered $1 2
+}
+
+test_single_numbered() {
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 1/1\]" $1
+}
+
+test_numbered() {
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 1/2\]" $1 &&
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 2/2\]" $1
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'single patch defaults to no numbers' '
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD~1 >patch0.single &&
+	test_single_no_numbered patch0.single
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple patch defaults to numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD~2 >patch0.multiple &&
+	test_numbered patch0.multiple
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Use --numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --numbered --stdout HEAD~1 >patch1 &&
+	test_single_numbered patch1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered = true' '
+
+	git config format.numbered true &&
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD~2 >patch2 &&
+	test_numbered patch2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered && single patch' '
+
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ > patch3 &&
+	test_single_numbered patch3
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered && --no-numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --no-numbered --stdout HEAD~2 >patch4 &&
+	test_no_numbered patch4
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered && --keep-subject' '
+
+	git format-patch --keep-subject --stdout HEAD^ >patch4a &&
+	grep "^Subject: Third" patch4a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto' '
+
+	git config format.numbered auto
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD~2 > patch5 &&
+	test_numbered patch5
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto && single patch' '
+
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ > patch6 &&
+	test_single_no_numbered patch6
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto && --no-numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --no-numbered --stdout HEAD~2 > patch7 &&
+	test_no_numbered patch7
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--start-number && --numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --start-number 3 --numbered --stdout HEAD~1 > patch8 &&
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 3/3\]" patch8
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2a537a21e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rewrite diff'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >test &&
+	git add test &&
+	tr \
+	  "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" \
+	  "nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLM" \
+	  <"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >test
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect rewrite' '
+
+	actual=$(git diff-files -B --summary test) &&
+	expr "$actual" : " rewrite test ([0-9]*%)$" || {
+		echo "Eh? <<$actual>>"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh b/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9bdf6596d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='typechange rename detection'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	rm -f foo bar &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >foo &&
+	ln -s linklink bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -a -m Initial &&
+	git tag one &&
+
+	rm -f foo bar &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >bar &&
+	ln -s linklink foo &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -a -m Second &&
+	git tag two &&
+
+	rm -f foo bar &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -a -m Third &&
+	git tag three &&
+
+	mv foo bar &&
+	ln -s linklink foo &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -a -m Fourth &&
+	git tag four &&
+
+	# This is purely for sanity check
+
+	rm -f foo bar &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >foo &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../Makefile >bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -a -m Fifth &&
+	git tag five &&
+
+	rm -f foo bar &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../Makefile >foo &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -a -m Sixth &&
+	git tag six
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cross renames to be detected for regular files' '
+
+	git diff-tree five six -r --name-status -B -M | sort >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "R100	foo	bar"
+		echo "R100	bar	foo"
+	} | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cross renames to be detected for typechange' '
+
+	git diff-tree one two -r --name-status -B -M | sort >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "R100	foo	bar"
+		echo "R100	bar	foo"
+	} | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'moves and renames' '
+
+	git diff-tree three four -r --name-status -B -M | sort >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "R100	foo	bar"
+		echo "T100	foo"
+	} | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh b/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c4d733f5db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='common tail optimization'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+z=zzzzzzzz ;# 8
+z="$z$z$z$z$z$z$z$z" ;# 64
+z="$z$z$z$z$z$z$z$z" ;# 512
+z="$z$z$z$z" ;# 2048
+z2047=$(expr "$z" : '.\(.*\)') ; #2047
+
+x=zzzzzzzzzz			;# 10
+y="$x$x$x$x$x$x$x$x$x$x"	;# 100
+z="$y$y$y$y$y$y$y$y$y$y"	;# 1000
+z1000=$z
+z100=$y
+z10=$x
+
+zs() {
+	count="$1"
+	while test "$count" -ge 1000
+	do
+		count=$(($count - 1000))
+		printf "%s" $z1000
+	done
+	while test "$count" -ge 100
+	do
+		count=$(($count - 100))
+		printf "%s" $z100
+	done
+	while test "$count" -ge 10
+	do
+		count=$(($count - 10))
+		printf "%s" $z10
+	done
+	while test "$count" -ge 1
+	do
+		count=$(($count - 1))
+		printf "z"
+	done
+}
+
+zc () {
+	sed -e "/^index/d" \
+		-e "s/$z1000/Q/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQQ/Z9000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQ/Z8000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQ/Z7000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQ/Z6000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQ/Z5000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQ/Z4000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQ/Z3000/g" \
+		-e "s/QQ/Z2000/g" \
+		-e "s/Q/Z1000/g" \
+		-e "s/$z100/Q/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQQ/Z900/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQ/Z800/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQ/Z700/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQ/Z600/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQ/Z500/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQ/Z400/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQ/Z300/g" \
+		-e "s/QQ/Z200/g" \
+		-e "s/Q/Z100/g" \
+		-e "s/000Z//g" \
+		-e "s/$z10/Q/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQQ/Z90/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQ/Z80/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQ/Z70/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQ/Z60/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQ/Z50/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQ/Z40/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQ/Z30/g" \
+		-e "s/QQ/Z20/g" \
+		-e "s/Q/Z10/g" \
+		-e "s/00Z//g" \
+		-e "s/z/Q/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQQ/Z9/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQQ/Z8/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQQ/Z7/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQQ/Z6/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQQ/Z5/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQQ/Z4/g" \
+		-e "s/QQQ/Z3/g" \
+		-e "s/QQ/Z2/g" \
+		-e "s/Q/Z1/g" \
+		-e "s/0Z//g" \
+	;
+}
+
+expect_pattern () {
+	cnt="$1"
+	cat <<EOF
+diff --git a/file-a$cnt b/file-a$cnt
+--- a/file-a$cnt
++++ b/file-a$cnt
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-Z${cnt}a
++Z${cnt}A
+diff --git a/file-b$cnt b/file-b$cnt
+--- a/file-b$cnt
++++ b/file-b$cnt
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-b
++B
+diff --git a/file-c$cnt b/file-c$cnt
+--- a/file-c$cnt
++++ b/file-c$cnt
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-cZ$cnt
+\ No newline at end of file
++CZ$cnt
+\ No newline at end of file
+diff --git a/file-d$cnt b/file-d$cnt
+--- a/file-d$cnt
++++ b/file-d$cnt
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-d
++D
+EOF
+}
+
+sample='1023 1024 1025 2047 4095'
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	for n in $sample
+	do
+		( zs $n ; echo a ) >file-a$n &&
+		( echo b; zs $n; echo ) >file-b$n &&
+		( printf c; zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
+		( echo d; zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
+
+		git add file-a$n file-b$n file-c$n file-d$n &&
+
+		( zs $n ; echo A ) >file-a$n &&
+		( echo B; zs $n; echo ) >file-b$n &&
+		( printf C; zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
+		( echo D; zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
+
+		expect_pattern $n || break
+
+	done >expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -U0' '
+
+	for n in $sample
+	do
+		git diff -U0 file-?$n
+	done | zc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh b/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7a3dbc1ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff hunk header truncation'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+N='日本語'
+N1='æ—¥'
+N2='日本'
+NS="$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N"
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	(
+		echo "A $NS"
+		for c in B C D E F G H I J K
+		do
+			echo "  $c"
+		done
+		echo "L  $NS"
+		for c in M N O P Q R S T U V
+		do
+			echo "  $c"
+		done
+	) >file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	sed -e "/^  [EP]/s/$/ modified/" <file >file+ &&
+	mv file+ file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hunk header truncation with an overly long line' '
+
+	git diff | sed -n -e "s/^.*@@//p" >actual &&
+	(
+		echo " A $N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N2"
+		echo " L  $N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N1"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4026-color.sh b/t/t4026-color.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b61e5169f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4026-color.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Timo Hirvonen
+#
+
+test_description='Test diff/status color escape codes'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+color()
+{
+	git config diff.color.new "$1" &&
+	test "`git config --get-color diff.color.new`" = "$2"
+}
+
+invalid_color()
+{
+	git config diff.color.new "$1" &&
+	test -z "`git config --get-color diff.color.new 2>/dev/null`"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'reset' '
+	color "reset" "[m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attribute before color name' '
+	color "bold red" "[1;31m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color name before attribute' '
+	color "red bold" "[1;31m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attr fg bg' '
+	color "ul blue red" "[4;34;41m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fg attr bg' '
+	color "blue ul red" "[4;34;41m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fg bg attr' '
+	color "blue red ul" "[4;34;41m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '256 colors' '
+	color "254 bold 255" "[1;38;5;254;48;5;255m"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color too small' '
+	invalid_color "-2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color too big' '
+	invalid_color "256"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra character after color number' '
+	invalid_color "3X"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra character after color name' '
+	invalid_color "redX"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra character after attribute' '
+	invalid_color "dimX"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5cf8924b21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='difference in submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
+
+_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	test_create_repo sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		echo hello >world &&
+		git add world &&
+		git commit -m submodule
+	) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo frotz >nitfol &&
+	git add nitfol sub &&
+	git commit -m superproject &&
+
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		echo goodbye >world &&
+		git add world &&
+		git commit -m "submodule #2"
+	) &&
+
+	set x $(
+		cd sub &&
+		git rev-list HEAD
+	) &&
+	echo ":160000 160000 $3 $_z40 M	sub" >expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --raw HEAD' '
+	git diff --raw --abbrev=40 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --raw HEAD' '
+	git diff-index --raw HEAD >actual.index &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files --raw' '
+	git diff-files --raw >actual.files &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff (empty submodule dir)' '
+	: >empty &&
+	rm -rf sub/* sub/.git &&
+	git diff > actual.empty &&
+	test_cmp empty actual.empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflicted submodule setup' '
+
+	# 39 efs
+	c=fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+	(
+		echo "000000 $_z40 0	sub"
+		echo "160000 1$c 1	sub"
+		echo "160000 2$c 2	sub"
+		echo "160000 3$c 3	sub"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo >expect.nosub '\''diff --cc sub
+index 2ffffff,3ffffff..0000000
+--- a/sub
++++ b/sub
+@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,1 @@@
+- Subproject commit 2fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+ -Subproject commit 3fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+++Subproject commit 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'\'' &&
+
+	hh=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	sed -e "s/$_z40/$hh/" expect.nosub >expect.withsub
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combined (empty submodule)' '
+	rm -fr sub && mkdir sub &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.nosub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combined (with submodule)' '
+	rm -fr sub &&
+	git clone --no-checkout . sub &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.withsub actual
+'
+
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4028-format-patch-mime-headers.sh b/t/t4028-format-patch-mime-headers.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..204ba673cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4028-format-patch-mime-headers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='format-patch mime headers and extra headers do not conflict'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create commit with utf-8 body' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	echo more >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m "two
+
+	utf-8 body: ñ"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch has mime headers' '
+	rm -f 0001-two.patch &&
+	git format-patch HEAD^ &&
+	grep -i "content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8" 0001-two.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch has mime and extra headers' '
+	rm -f 0001-two.patch &&
+	git config format.headers "x-foo: bar" &&
+	git format-patch HEAD^ &&
+	grep -i "x-foo: bar" 0001-two.patch &&
+	grep -i "content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8" 0001-two.patch
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3ccc237a8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) Jim Meyering
+#
+test_description='diff honors config option, diff.suppressBlankEmpty'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat <<\EOF > exp ||
+diff --git a/f b/f
+index 5f6a263..8cb8bae 100644
+--- a/f
++++ b/f
+@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
+
+-x
++y
+EOF
+exit 1
+
+test_expect_success \
+    "$test_description" \
+    'printf "\nx\n" > f &&
+     git add f &&
+     git commit -q -m. f &&
+     printf "\ny\n" > f &&
+     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty true &&
+     git diff f > actual &&
+     test_cmp exp actual &&
+     perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
+     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty false &&
+     git diff f > actual &&
+     test_cmp exp actual &&
+     git config --bool --unset diff.suppressBlankEmpty &&
+     git diff f > actual &&
+     test_cmp exp actual
+     '
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a3f0897a52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff.*.textconv tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+find_diff() {
+	sed '1,/^index /d' | sed '/^-- $/,$d'
+}
+
+cat >expect.binary <<'EOF'
+Binary files a/file and b/file differ
+EOF
+
+cat >expect.text <<'EOF'
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+ 0
++1
+EOF
+
+cat >hexdump <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+perl -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
+EOF
+chmod +x hexdump
+
+test_expect_success 'setup binary file with history' '
+	printf "\\0\\n" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	printf "\\01\\n" >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file is considered binary by porcelain' '
+	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file is considered binary by plumbing' '
+	git diff-tree -p HEAD^ HEAD >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup textconv filters' '
+	echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes &&
+	git config diff.foo.textconv "$PWD"/hexdump &&
+	git config diff.fail.textconv false
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff produces text' '
+	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.text actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree produces binary' '
+	git diff-tree -p HEAD^ HEAD >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log produces text' '
+	git log -1 -p >log &&
+	find_diff <log >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.text actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch produces binary' '
+	git format-patch --no-binary --stdout HEAD^ >patch &&
+	find_diff <patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status -v produces text' '
+	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
+	git status -v >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.text actual &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD@{1}
+'
+
+cat >expect.stat <<'EOF'
+ file |  Bin 2 -> 4 bytes
+ 1 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'diffstat does not run textconv' '
+	echo file diff=fail >.gitattributes &&
+	git diff --stat HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.stat actual
+'
+# restore working setup
+echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes
+
+cat >expect.typechange <<'EOF'
+--- a/file
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
+-0
+-1
+diff --git a/file b/file
+new file mode 120000
+index 0000000..67be421
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++frotz
+\ No newline at end of file
+EOF
+# make a symlink the hard way that works on symlink-challenged file systems
+test_expect_success 'textconv does not act on symlinks' '
+	printf frotz > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git ls-files -s | sed -e s/100644/120000/ |
+		git update-index --index-info &&
+	git commit -m typechange &&
+	git show >diff &&
+	find_diff <diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.typechange actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a894c60622
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rewrite diff on binary file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# We must be large enough to meet the MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE
+# requirement.
+make_file() {
+	# common first line to help identify rewrite versus regular diff
+	printf "=\n" >file
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
+	do
+		for j in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			for k in 1 2 3 4 5
+			do
+				printf "$1\n"
+			done
+		done
+	done >>file
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create binary file with changes' '
+	make_file "\\0" &&
+	git add file &&
+	make_file "\\01"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'vanilla diff is binary' '
+	git diff >diff &&
+	grep "Binary files a/file and b/file differ" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff is binary' '
+	git diff -B >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "Binary files a/file and b/file differ" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff can show binary patch' '
+	git diff -B --binary >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "GIT binary patch" diff
+'
+
+{
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
+	cat <<'EOF'
+perl -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
+EOF
+} >dump
+chmod +x dump
+
+test_expect_success 'setup textconv' '
+	echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes &&
+	git config diff.foo.textconv "$PWD"/dump
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff respects textconv' '
+	git diff -B >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "^-61" diff &&
+	grep "^-0" diff
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e4e3e28fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff hunk fusing'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+f() {
+	echo $1
+	i=1
+	while test $i -le $2
+	do
+		echo $i
+		i=$(expr $i + 1)
+	done
+	echo $3
+}
+
+t() {
+	case $# in
+	4) hunks=$4; cmd="diff -U$3";;
+	5) hunks=$5; cmd="diff -U$3 --inter-hunk-context=$4";;
+	esac
+	label="$cmd, $1 common $2"
+	file=f$1
+	expected=expected.$file.$3.$hunks
+
+	if ! test -f $file
+	then
+		f A $1 B >$file
+		git add $file
+		git commit -q -m. $file
+		f X $1 Y >$file
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success "$label: count hunks ($hunks)" "
+		test $(git $cmd $file | grep '^@@ ' | wc -l) = $hunks
+	"
+
+	test -f $expected &&
+	test_expect_success "$label: check output" "
+		git $cmd $file | grep -v '^index ' >actual &&
+		test_cmp $expected actual
+	"
+}
+
+cat <<EOF >expected.f1.0.1 || exit 1
+diff --git a/f1 b/f1
+--- a/f1
++++ b/f1
+@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+-A
++X
+ 1
+-B
++Y
+EOF
+
+cat <<EOF >expected.f1.0.2 || exit 1
+diff --git a/f1 b/f1
+--- a/f1
++++ b/f1
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-A
++X
+@@ -3 +3 @@ A
+-B
++Y
+EOF
+
+# common lines	ctx	intrctx	hunks
+t 1 line	0		2
+t 1 line	0	0	2
+t 1 line	0	1	1
+t 1 line	0	2	1
+t 1 line	1		1
+
+t 2 lines	0		2
+t 2 lines	0	0	2
+t 2 lines	0	1	2
+t 2 lines	0	2	1
+t 2 lines	1		1
+
+t 3 lines	1		2
+t 3 lines	1	0	2
+t 3 lines	1	1	1
+t 3 lines	1	2	1
+
+t 9 lines	3		2
+t 9 lines	3	2	2
+t 9 lines	3	3	1
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1eb14989df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='patience diff algorithm'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >file1 <<\EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Frobs foo heartily
+int frobnitz(int foo)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+    {
+        printf("Your answer is: ");
+        printf("%d\n", foo);
+    }
+}
+
+int fact(int n)
+{
+    if(n > 1)
+    {
+        return fact(n-1) * n;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    frobnitz(fact(10));
+}
+EOF
+
+cat >file2 <<\EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int fib(int n)
+{
+    if(n > 2)
+    {
+        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// Frobs foo heartily
+int frobnitz(int foo)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+    {
+        printf("%d\n", foo);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    frobnitz(fib(10));
+}
+EOF
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+diff --git a/file1 b/file2
+index 6faa5a3..e3af329 100644
+--- a/file1
++++ b/file2
+@@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
+ #include <stdio.h>
+ 
++int fib(int n)
++{
++    if(n > 2)
++    {
++        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
++    }
++    return 1;
++}
++
+ // Frobs foo heartily
+ int frobnitz(int foo)
+ {
+     int i;
+     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+     {
+-        printf("Your answer is: ");
+         printf("%d\n", foo);
+     }
+ }
+ 
+-int fact(int n)
+-{
+-    if(n > 1)
+-    {
+-        return fact(n-1) * n;
+-    }
+-    return 1;
+-}
+-
+ int main(int argc, char **argv)
+ {
+-    frobnitz(fact(10));
++    frobnitz(fib(10));
+ }
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'patience diff' '
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index --patience file1 file2 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patience diff output is valid' '
+
+	mv file2 expect &&
+	git apply < output &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
+
+'
+
+cat >uniq1 <<\EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+EOF
+
+cat >uniq2 <<\EOF
+a
+b
+c
+d
+e
+f
+EOF
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+diff --git a/uniq1 b/uniq2
+index b414108..0fdf397 100644
+--- a/uniq1
++++ b/uniq2
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+-4
+-5
+-6
++a
++b
++c
++d
++e
++f
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'completely different files' '
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index --patience uniq1 uniq2 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4508effcaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='word diff colors'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	git config diff.color.old red
+	git config diff.color.new green
+
+'
+
+decrypt_color () {
+	sed \
+		-e 's/.\[1m/<WHITE>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[31m/<RED>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[32m/<GREEN>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[36m/<BROWN>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[m/<RESET>/g'
+}
+
+word_diff () {
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index "$@" pre post > output &&
+	decrypt_color < output > output.decrypted &&
+	test_cmp expect output.decrypted
+}
+
+cat > pre <<\EOF
+h(4)
+
+a = b + c
+EOF
+
+cat > post <<\EOF
+h(4),hh[44]
+
+a = b + c
+
+aa = a
+
+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
+EOF
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
+<RESET>
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'word diff with runs of whitespace' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words
+
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4),<GREEN>hh<RESET>[44]
+<RESET>
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+EOF
+cp expect expect.letter-runs-are-words
+
+test_expect_success 'word diff with a regular expression' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set a diff driver' '
+	git config diff.testdriver.wordRegex "[^[:space:]]" &&
+	cat <<EOF > .gitattributes
+pre diff=testdriver
+post diff=testdriver
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'option overrides .gitattributes' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4)<GREEN>,hh[44]<RESET>
+<RESET>
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
+cp expect expect.non-whitespace-is-word
+
+test_expect_success 'use regex supplied by driver' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set diff.wordRegex option' '
+	git config diff.wordRegex "[[:alnum:]]+"
+'
+
+cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect
+
+test_expect_success 'command-line overrides config' '
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+'
+
+cp expect.non-whitespace-is-word expect
+
+test_expect_success '.gitattributes override config' '
+	word_diff --color-words
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove diff driver regex' '
+	git config --unset diff.testdriver.wordRegex
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4),<GREEN>hh[44<RESET>]
+<RESET>
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'use configured regex' '
+	word_diff --color-words
+'
+
+echo 'aaa (aaa)' > pre
+echo 'aaa (aaa) aaa' > post
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index c29453b..be22f37 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+aaa (aaa) <GREEN>aaa<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test parsing words for newline' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="a+"
+
+
+'
+
+echo '(:' > pre
+echo '(' > post
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+(<RED>:<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test when words are only removed at the end' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words=.
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4017-quiet.sh b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
index e747e84227..e747e84227 100755
--- a/t/t4017-quiet.sh
+++ b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
diff --git a/t/t4036-format-patch-signer-mime.sh b/t/t4036-format-patch-signer-mime.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ba43f18549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4036-format-patch-signer-mime.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='format-patch -s should force MIME encoding as needed'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>F &&
+	git add F &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo new line >F &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "This adds some lines to F" F
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format normally' '
+
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >output &&
+	! grep Content-Type output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format with signoff without funny signer name' '
+
+	git format-patch -s --stdout -1 >output &&
+	! grep Content-Type output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format with non ASCII signer name' '
+
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="��� ����" \
+	git format-patch -s --stdout -1 >output &&
+	grep Content-Type output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attach and signoff do not duplicate mime headers' '
+
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="��� ����" \
+	git format-patch -s --stdout -1 --attach >output &&
+	test `grep -ci ^MIME-Version: output` = 1
+
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh b/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f5ce3b29a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff -r -t shows directory additions and deletions'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir dc dr dt &&
+	>dc/1 &&
+	>dr/2 &&
+	>dt/3 &&
+	>fc &&
+	>fr &&
+	>ft &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	rm -fr dt dr ft fr &&
+	mkdir da ft &&
+	for p in dc/1 da/4 dt ft/5 fc
+	do
+		echo hello >$p || exit
+	done &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A	da
+A	da/4
+M	dc
+M	dc/1
+D	dr
+D	dr/2
+A	dt
+D	dt
+D	dt/3
+M	fc
+D	fr
+D	ft
+A	ft
+A	ft/5
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success verify '
+	git diff-tree -r -t --name-status HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2cf7e01ac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='combined diff'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+setup_helper () {
+	one=$1 branch=$2 side=$3 &&
+
+	git branch $side $branch &&
+	for l in $one two three fyra
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m $branch &&
+	git checkout $side &&
+	for l in $one two three quatro
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m $side &&
+	test_must_fail git merge $branch &&
+	for l in $one three four
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "merge $branch into $side"
+}
+
+verify_helper () {
+	it=$1 &&
+
+	# Ignore lines that were removed only from the other parent
+	sed -e '
+		1,/^@@@/d
+		/^ -/d
+		s/^\(.\)./\1/
+	' "$it" >"$it.actual.1" &&
+	sed -e '
+		1,/^@@@/d
+		/^- /d
+		s/^.\(.\)/\1/
+	' "$it" >"$it.actual.2" &&
+
+	git diff "$it^" "$it" -- | sed -e '1,/^@@/d' >"$it.expect.1" &&
+	test_cmp "$it.expect.1" "$it.actual.1" &&
+
+	git diff "$it^2" "$it" -- | sed -e '1,/^@@/d' >"$it.expect.2" &&
+	test_cmp "$it.expect.2" "$it.actual.2"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git branch withone &&
+	git branch sansone &&
+
+	git checkout withone &&
+	setup_helper one withone sidewithone &&
+
+	git checkout sansone &&
+	setup_helper "" sansone sidesansone
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (1)' '
+	git show sidewithone -- >sidewithone &&
+	verify_helper sidewithone
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check combined output (2)' '
+	git show sidesansone -- >sidesansone &&
+	verify_helper sidesansone
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
index 7b81c32e57..9b433de836 100755
--- a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+++ b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
@@ -3,45 +3,38 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply --stat --summary test.
+test_description='git apply --stat --summary test, with --recount
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'rename' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-1.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-1.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'copy' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-2.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-2.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'rewrite' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-3.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-3.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'mode' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-4.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-4.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'non git' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-5.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-5.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'non git' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-6.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-6.expect current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'non git' \
-    'git-apply --stat --summary <../t4100/t-apply-7.patch >current &&
-    git diff ../t4100/t-apply-7.expect current'
+UNC='s/^\(@@ -[1-9][0-9]*\),[0-9]* \(+[1-9][0-9]*\),[0-9]* @@/\1,999 \2,999 @@/'
+
+num=0
+while read title
+do
+	num=$(( $num + 1 ))
+	test_expect_success "$title" '
+		git apply --stat --summary \
+			<"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4100/t-apply-$num.patch" >current &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$title with recount" '
+		sed -e "$UNC" <"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4100/t-apply-$num.patch" |
+		git apply --recount --stat --summary >current &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+rename
+copy
+rewrite
+mode
+non git (1)
+non git (2)
+non git (3)
+incomplete (1)
+incomplete (2)
+EOF
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-1.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-1.patch
index de587517f4..90ab54f0f5 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-1.patch
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-1.patch
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
 diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
 --- a/Makefile
 +++ b/Makefile
-@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PROG=   git-update-cache git-diff-files 
+@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PROG=   git-update-index git-diff-files
  	git-checkout-cache git-diff-tree git-rev-tree git-ls-files \
  	git-check-files git-ls-tree git-merge-base git-merge-cache \
  	git-unpack-file git-export git-diff-cache git-convert-cache \
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-2.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-2.patch
index cfdc80885b..f5c7d601fc 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-2.patch
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-2.patch
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
 -	git-deltafy-script
 +	git-deltafy-script git-fetch-script
  
- PROG=   git-update-cache git-diff-files git-init-db git-write-tree \
+ PROG=   git-update-index git-diff-files git-init-db git-write-tree \
  	git-read-tree git-commit-tree git-cat-file git-fsck-cache \
 diff --git a/git-pull-script b/git-fetch-script
 similarity index 87%
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-5.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-5.patch
index de11623d1b..5f6ddc1059 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-5.patch
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-5.patch
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ diff a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
 diff a/Makefile b/Makefile
 --- a/Makefile
 +++ b/Makefile
-@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PROG=   git-update-cache git-diff-files 
+@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PROG=   git-update-index git-diff-files
  	git-checkout-cache git-diff-tree git-rev-tree git-ls-files \
  	git-check-files git-ls-tree git-merge-base git-merge-cache \
  	git-unpack-file git-export git-diff-cache git-convert-cache \
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-6.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-6.patch
index d9753637fc..a72729a712 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-6.patch
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-6.patch
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ diff a/Makefile b/Makefile
 -	git-deltafy-script
 +	git-deltafy-script git-fetch-script
  
- PROG=   git-update-cache git-diff-files git-init-db git-write-tree \
+ PROG=   git-update-index git-diff-files git-init-db git-write-tree \
  	git-read-tree git-commit-tree git-cat-file git-fsck-cache \
 diff a/git-fetch-script b/git-fetch-script
 --- /dev/null
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eef7f2e65c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ t/t4100-apply-stat.sh |    2 +-
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-8.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ca13e6594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+diff --git a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+index be837bb..0798c64 100755
+--- a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
++++ b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ non git (2)
+ non git (3)
+ EOF
+ 
+-test_done
++test_done
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eef7f2e65c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ t/t4100-apply-stat.sh |    2 +-
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-9.patch b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..875d57d567
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+diff --git a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+index 0798c64..be837bb 100755
+--- a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
++++ b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ non git (2)
+ non git (3)
+ EOF
+ 
+-test_done
+\ No newline at end of file
++test_done
diff --git a/t/t4101-apply-nonl.sh b/t/t4101-apply-nonl.sh
index 026fac8c55..e3443d004d 100755
--- a/t/t4101-apply-nonl.sh
+++ b/t/t4101-apply-nonl.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply should handle files with incomplete lines.
+test_description='git apply should handle files with incomplete lines.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ do
   do
     test $i -eq $j && continue
     cat frotz.$i >frotz
-    test_expect_success \
-        "apply diff between $i and $j" \
-	"git-apply <../t4101/diff.$i-$j && diff frotz.$j frotz"
+    test_expect_success "apply diff between $i and $j" '
+	git apply <"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4101/diff.$i-$j &&
+	test_cmp frotz.$j frotz
+    '
   done
 done
 
diff --git a/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh b/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
index b4662b0364..1597965241 100755
--- a/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply handling copy/rename patch.
+test_description='git apply handling copy/rename patch.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -26,21 +26,23 @@ echo 'This is foo' >foo
 chmod +x foo
 
 test_expect_success setup \
-    'git-update-index --add foo'
+    'git update-index --add foo'
 
 test_expect_success apply \
-    'git-apply --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch'
+    'git apply --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch'
 
-if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
 then
 	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem'
 else
-	test_expect_success validate \
-	    'test -f bar && ls -l bar | grep "^-..x......"'
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
 fi
 
+test_expect_success FILEMODE validate \
+	    'test -f bar && ls -l bar | grep "^-..x......"'
+
 test_expect_success 'apply reverse' \
-    'git-apply -R --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch &&
+    'git apply -R --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch &&
      test "$(cat foo)" = "This is foo"'
 
 cat >test-patch <<\EOF
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ copy to bar
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'apply copy' \
-    'git-apply --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch &&
+    'git apply --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch &&
      test "$(cat bar)" = "This is bar" -a "$(cat foo)" = "This is foo"'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
index e2b1124c78..ad4cc1a757 100755
--- a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply handling binary patches
+test_description='git apply handling binary patches
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -20,96 +20,100 @@ EOF
 cat file1 >file2
 cat file1 >file4
 
-git-update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file4
-git-commit -m 'Initial Version' 2>/dev/null
+git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file4
+git commit -m 'Initial Version' 2>/dev/null
 
-git-checkout -b binary
-tr 'x' '\0' <file1 >file3
+git checkout -b binary
+perl -pe 'y/x/\000/' <file1 >file3
 cat file3 >file4
-git-add file2
-tr '\0' 'v' <file3 >file1
+git add file2
+perl -pe 'y/\000/v/' <file3 >file1
 rm -f file2
-git-update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file3 file4
-git-commit -m 'Second Version'
+git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file3 file4
+git commit -m 'Second Version'
 
-git-diff-tree -p master binary >B.diff
-git-diff-tree -p -C master binary >C.diff
+git diff-tree -p master binary >B.diff
+git diff-tree -p -C master binary >C.diff
 
-git-diff-tree -p --binary master binary >BF.diff
-git-diff-tree -p --binary -C master binary >CF.diff
+git diff-tree -p --binary master binary >BF.diff
+git diff-tree -p --binary -C master binary >CF.diff
 
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff -- should not fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --stat --summary B.diff'
+	'git checkout master
+	 git apply --stat --summary B.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff (copy) -- should not fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --stat --summary C.diff'
+	'git checkout master
+	 git apply --stat --summary C.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'check binary diff -- should fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check B.diff'
+test_expect_success 'check binary diff -- should fail.' \
+	'git checkout master &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply --check B.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'check binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check C.diff'
+test_expect_success 'check binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
+	'git checkout master &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply --check C.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'check incomplete binary diff with replacement -- should fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check --allow-binary-replacement B.diff'
+test_expect_success \
+	'check incomplete binary diff with replacement -- should fail.' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement B.diff
+'
 
-test_expect_failure 'check incomplete binary diff with replacement (copy) -- should fail.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check --allow-binary-replacement C.diff'
+test_expect_success \
+    'check incomplete binary diff with replacement (copy) -- should fail.' '
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement C.diff
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'check binary diff with replacement.' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check --allow-binary-replacement BF.diff'
+	'git checkout master
+	 git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement BF.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'check binary diff with replacement (copy).' \
-	'git-checkout master
-	 git-apply --check --allow-binary-replacement CF.diff'
+	'git checkout master
+	 git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement CF.diff'
 
 # Now we start applying them.
 
 do_reset () {
-	rm -f file?
-	git-reset --hard
-	git-checkout -f master
+	rm -f file? &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -f master
 }
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply binary diff -- should fail.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply B.diff'
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff -- should fail.' \
+	'do_reset &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply B.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply binary diff -- should fail.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply --index B.diff'
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff -- should fail.' \
+	'do_reset &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply --index B.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply C.diff'
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
+	'do_reset &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply C.diff'
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply --index C.diff'
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff (copy) -- should fail.' \
+	'do_reset &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply --index C.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply binary diff without replacement.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply BF.diff'
+	'do_reset &&
+	 git apply BF.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply binary diff without replacement (copy).' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply CF.diff'
+	'do_reset &&
+	 git apply CF.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply binary diff.' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply --allow-binary-replacement --index BF.diff &&
-	 test -z "$(git-diff --name-status binary)"'
+	'do_reset &&
+	 git apply --allow-binary-replacement --index BF.diff &&
+	 test -z "$(git diff --name-status binary)"'
 
 test_expect_success 'apply binary diff (copy).' \
-	'do_reset
-	 git-apply --allow-binary-replacement --index CF.diff &&
-	 test -z "$(git-diff --name-status binary)"'
+	'do_reset &&
+	 git apply --allow-binary-replacement --index CF.diff &&
+	 test -z "$(git diff --name-status binary)"'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4104-apply-boundary.sh b/t/t4104-apply-boundary.sh
index a5fb3ea40e..0e3ce3611d 100755
--- a/t/t4104-apply-boundary.sh
+++ b/t/t4104-apply-boundary.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply boundary tests
+test_description='git apply boundary tests
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git diff victim >add-a-patch.with &&
 	git diff --unified=0 >add-a-patch.without &&
 
+	: insert at line two
+	for i in b a '"$L"' y
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >victim &&
+	cat victim >insert-a-expect &&
+	git diff victim >insert-a-patch.with &&
+	git diff --unified=0 >insert-a-patch.without &&
+
 	: modify at the head
 	for i in a '"$L"' y
 	do
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git diff --unified=0 >add-z-patch.without &&
 
 	: modify at the tail
-	for i in a '"$L"' y
+	for i in b '"$L"' z
 	do
 		echo $i
 	done >victim &&
@@ -81,7 +90,7 @@ do
 	with) u= ;;
 	without) u='--unidiff-zero ' ;;
 	esac
-	for kind in add-a add-z mod-a mod-z del-a del-z
+	for kind in add-a add-z insert-a mod-a mod-z del-a del-z
 	do
 		test_expect_success "apply $kind-patch $with context" '
 			cat original >victim &&
@@ -90,12 +99,12 @@ do
 				cat '"$kind-patch.$with"'
 				(exit 1)
 			} &&
-			git diff '"$kind"'-expect victim
+			test_cmp '"$kind"'-expect victim
 		'
 	done
 done
 
-for kind in add-a add-z mod-a mod-z del-a del-z
+for kind in add-a add-z insert-a mod-a mod-z del-a del-z
 do
 	rm -f $kind-ng.without
 	sed	-e "s/^diff --git /diff /" \
@@ -108,8 +117,21 @@ do
 			cat '"$kind-ng.without"'
 			(exit 1)
 		} &&
-		git diff '"$kind"'-expect victim
+		test_cmp '"$kind"'-expect victim
 	'
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'two lines' '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo aaa >file &&
+	git diff >patch &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo bbb >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --check patch
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4105-apply-fuzz.sh b/t/t4105-apply-fuzz.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3266e39400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4105-apply-fuzz.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply with fuzz and offset'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+dotest () {
+	name="$1" && shift &&
+	test_expect_success "$name" "
+		git checkout-index -f -q -u file &&
+		git apply $* &&
+		test_cmp expect file
+	"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >file &&
+	git update-index --add file &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a b c d e 8 9 10 11 12
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >file &&
+	cat file >expect &&
+	git diff >O0.diff &&
+
+	sed -e "s/@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@/@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@/" >O1.diff O0.diff &&
+	sed -e "s/@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@/@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@/" >O2.diff O0.diff &&
+	sed -e "s/@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@/@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@/" >O3.diff O0.diff &&
+
+	sed -e "s/^ 5/ S/" >F0.diff O0.diff &&
+	sed -e "s/^ 5/ S/" >F1.diff O1.diff &&
+	sed -e "s/^ 5/ S/" >F2.diff O2.diff &&
+	sed -e "s/^ 5/ S/" >F3.diff O3.diff
+
+'
+
+dotest 'unmodified patch' O0.diff
+
+dotest 'minus offset' O1.diff
+
+dotest 'plus offset' O2.diff
+
+dotest 'big offset' O3.diff
+
+dotest 'fuzz with no offset' -C2 F0.diff
+
+dotest 'fuzz with minus offset' -C2 F1.diff
+
+dotest 'fuzz with plus offset' -C2 F2.diff
+
+dotest 'fuzz with big offset' -C2 F3.diff
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh b/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..72467a1e8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply --numstat - <patch'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello >text &&
+	git add text &&
+	echo goodbye >text &&
+	git diff >patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git apply --numstat - < patch' '
+	echo "1	1	text" >expect &&
+	git apply --numstat - <patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git apply --numstat - < patch patch' '
+	for i in 1 2; do echo "1	1	text"; done >expect &&
+	git apply --numstat - < patch patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4109-apply-multifrag.sh b/t/t4109-apply-multifrag.sh
index 5988e1ae4c..ac58083fe2 100755
--- a/t/t4109-apply-multifrag.sh
+++ b/t/t4109-apply-multifrag.sh
@@ -4,173 +4,32 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Robert Fitzsimons
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply test patches with multiple fragments.
+test_description='git apply test patches with multiple fragments.'
 
-'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# setup
-
-cat > patch1.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
-new file mode 100644
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/main.c
-@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
-+#include <stdio.h>
-+
-+int func(int num);
-+void print_int(int num);
-+
-+int main() {
-+	int i;
-+
-+	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-+		print_int(func(i));
-+	}
-+
-+	return 0;
-+}
-+
-+int func(int num) {
-+	return num * num;
-+}
-+
-+void print_int(int num) {
-+	printf("%d", num);
-+}
-+
-EOF
-cat > patch2.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
---- a/main.c
-+++ b/main.c
-@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-+#include <stdlib.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- 
- int func(int num);
- void print_int(int num);
-+void print_ln();
- 
- int main() {
- 	int i;
-@@ -10,6 +12,8 @@
- 		print_int(func(i));
- 	}
- 
-+	print_ln();
-+
- 	return 0;
- }
- 
-@@ -21,3 +25,7 @@
- 	printf("%d", num);
- }
- 
-+void print_ln() {
-+	printf("\n");
-+}
-+
-EOF
-cat > patch3.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
---- a/main.c
-+++ b/main.c
-@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
--#include <stdlib.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- 
- int func(int num);
- void print_int(int num);
--void print_ln();
- 
- int main() {
- 	int i;
-@@ -12,8 +10,6 @@
- 		print_int(func(i));
- 	}
- 
--	print_ln();
--
- 	return 0;
- }
- 
-@@ -25,7 +21,3 @@
- 	printf("%d", num);
- }
- 
--void print_ln() {
--	printf("\n");
--}
--
-EOF
-cat > patch4.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
---- a/main.c
-+++ b/main.c
-@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
- #include <stdio.h>
- 
- int func(int num);
--void print_int(int num);
-+int func2(int num);
- 
- int main() {
- 	int i;
- 
- 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
--		print_int(func(i));
-+		printf("%d", func(i));
-+		printf("%d", func3(i));
- 	}
- 
- 	return 0;
-@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
- 	return num * num;
- }
- 
--void print_int(int num) {
--	printf("%d", num);
-+int func2(int num) {
-+	return num * num * num;
- }
- 
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success "S = git-apply (1)" \
-    'git-apply patch1.patch patch2.patch'
-mv main.c main.c.git
-
-test_expect_success "S = patch (1)" \
-    'cat patch1.patch patch2.patch | patch -p1'
-
-test_expect_success "S = cmp (1)" \
-    'cmp main.c.git main.c'
+cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/patch1.patch" .
+cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/patch2.patch" .
+cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/patch3.patch" .
+cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/patch4.patch" .
 
-rm -f main.c main.c.git
-
-test_expect_success "S = git-apply (2)" \
-    'git-apply patch1.patch patch2.patch patch3.patch'
-mv main.c main.c.git
-
-test_expect_success "S = patch (2)" \
-    'cat patch1.patch patch2.patch patch3.patch | patch -p1'
-
-test_expect_success "S = cmp (2)" \
-    'cmp main.c.git main.c'
+test_expect_success 'git apply (1)' '
+	git apply patch1.patch patch2.patch &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/expect-1" main.c
+'
+rm -f main.c
 
-rm -f main.c main.c.git
+test_expect_success 'git apply (2)' '
+	git apply patch1.patch patch2.patch patch3.patch &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/expect-2" main.c
+'
+rm -f main.c
 
-test_expect_success "S = git-apply (3)" \
-    'git-apply patch1.patch patch4.patch'
+test_expect_success 'git apply (3)' '
+	git apply patch1.patch patch4.patch &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4109/expect-3" main.c
+'
 mv main.c main.c.git
 
-test_expect_success "S = patch (3)" \
-    'cat patch1.patch patch4.patch | patch -p1'
-
-test_expect_success "S = cmp (3)" \
-    'cmp main.c.git main.c'
-
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t4109/expect-1 b/t/t4109/expect-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1db5ff1050
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/expect-1
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int func(int num);
+void print_int(int num);
+void print_ln();
+
+int main() {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+		print_int(func(i));
+	}
+
+	print_ln();
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int func(int num) {
+	return num * num;
+}
+
+void print_int(int num) {
+	printf("%d", num);
+}
+
+void print_ln() {
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
diff --git a/t/t4109/expect-2 b/t/t4109/expect-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc52924112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/expect-2
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int func(int num);
+void print_int(int num);
+
+int main() {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+		print_int(func(i));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int func(int num) {
+	return num * num;
+}
+
+void print_int(int num) {
+	printf("%d", num);
+}
+
diff --git a/t/t4109/expect-3 b/t/t4109/expect-3
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd2a475feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/expect-3
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int func(int num);
+int func2(int num);
+
+int main() {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+		printf("%d", func(i));
+		printf("%d", func3(i));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int func(int num) {
+	return num * num;
+}
+
+int func2(int num) {
+	return num * num * num;
+}
+
diff --git a/t/t4109/patch1.patch b/t/t4109/patch1.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d411fc3cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/patch1.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+new file mode 100644
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
++#include <stdio.h>
++
++int func(int num);
++void print_int(int num);
++
++int main() {
++	int i;
++
++	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
++		print_int(func(i));
++	}
++
++	return 0;
++}
++
++int func(int num) {
++	return num * num;
++}
++
++void print_int(int num) {
++	printf("%d", num);
++}
++
diff --git a/t/t4109/patch2.patch b/t/t4109/patch2.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c6b06d536
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/patch2.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
++#include <stdlib.h>
+ #include <stdio.h>
+ 
+ int func(int num);
+ void print_int(int num);
++void print_ln();
+ 
+ int main() {
+ 	int i;
+@@ -10,6 +12,8 @@
+ 		print_int(func(i));
+ 	}
+ 
++	print_ln();
++
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -21,3 +25,7 @@
+ 	printf("%d", num);
+ }
+ 
++void print_ln() {
++	printf("\n");
++}
++
diff --git a/t/t4109/patch3.patch b/t/t4109/patch3.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d696c55a75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/patch3.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+cat > patch3.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
+-#include <stdlib.h>
+ #include <stdio.h>
+ 
+ int func(int num);
+ void print_int(int num);
+-void print_ln();
+ 
+ int main() {
+ 	int i;
+@@ -12,8 +10,6 @@
+ 		print_int(func(i));
+ 	}
+ 
+-	print_ln();
+-
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -25,7 +21,3 @@
+ 	printf("%d", num);
+ }
+ 
+-void print_ln() {
+-	printf("\n");
+-}
+-
diff --git a/t/t4109/patch4.patch b/t/t4109/patch4.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b085909b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4109/patch4.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
+ #include <stdio.h>
+ 
+ int func(int num);
+-void print_int(int num);
++int func2(int num);
+ 
+ int main() {
+ 	int i;
+ 
+ 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+-		print_int(func(i));
++		printf("%d", func(i));
++		printf("%d", func3(i));
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	return 0;
+@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
+ 	return num * num;
+ }
+ 
+-void print_int(int num) {
+-	printf("%d", num);
++int func2(int num) {
++	return num * num * num;
+ }
+ 
diff --git a/t/t4110-apply-scan.sh b/t/t4110-apply-scan.sh
index 005f744816..09f58112e0 100755
--- a/t/t4110-apply-scan.sh
+++ b/t/t4110-apply-scan.sh
@@ -4,98 +4,19 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Robert Fitzsimons
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply test for patches which require scanning forwards and backwards.
+test_description='git apply test for patches which require scanning forwards and backwards.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# setup
-
-cat > patch1.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
-new file mode 100644
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/new.txt
-@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
-+a1
-+a11
-+a111
-+a1111
-+b1
-+b11
-+b111
-+b1111
-+c1
-+c11
-+c111
-+c1111
-EOF
-cat > patch2.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
---- a/new.txt
-+++ b/new.txt
-@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
--a1
--a11
--a111
--a1111
- b1
- b11
- b111
-EOF
-cat > patch3.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
---- a/new.txt
-+++ b/new.txt
-@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@
- b11
- b111
- b1111
-+b2
-+b22
-+b222
-+b2222
- c1
- c11
- c111
-EOF
-cat > patch4.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
---- a/new.txt
-+++ b/new.txt
-@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
-+a1
-+a11
-+a111
-+a1111
- b1
- b11
- b111
-EOF
-cat > patch5.patch <<\EOF
-diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
---- a/new.txt
-+++ b/new.txt
-@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@
- c11
- c111
- c1111
-+c2
-+c22
-+c222
-+c2222
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success "S = git-apply scan" \
-    'git-apply patch1.patch patch2.patch patch3.patch patch4.patch patch5.patch'
-mv new.txt apply.txt
-
-test_expect_success "S = patch scan" \
-    'cat patch1.patch patch2.patch patch3.patch patch4.patch patch5.patch | patch'
-mv new.txt patch.txt
-
-test_expect_success "S = cmp" \
-    'cmp apply.txt patch.txt'
+test_expect_success 'git apply scan' '
+	git apply \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/patch1.patch" \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/patch2.patch" \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/patch3.patch" \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/patch4.patch" \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/patch5.patch" &&
+	test_cmp new.txt "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4110/expect"
+'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t4110/expect b/t/t4110/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87cc493ec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+a1
+a11
+a111
+a1111
+b1
+b11
+b111
+b1111
+b2
+b22
+b222
+b2222
+c1
+c11
+c111
+c1111
+c2
+c22
+c222
+c2222
diff --git a/t/t4110/patch1.patch b/t/t4110/patch1.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56139080dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/patch1.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
+new file mode 100644
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/new.txt
+@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
++a1
++a11
++a111
++a1111
++b1
++b11
++b111
++b1111
++c1
++c11
++c111
++c1111
diff --git a/t/t4110/patch2.patch b/t/t4110/patch2.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04974247ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/patch2.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
+--- a/new.txt
++++ b/new.txt
+@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
+-a1
+-a11
+-a111
+-a1111
+ b1
+ b11
+ b111
diff --git a/t/t4110/patch3.patch b/t/t4110/patch3.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26bd4427f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/patch3.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
+--- a/new.txt
++++ b/new.txt
+@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@
+ b11
+ b111
+ b1111
++b2
++b22
++b222
++b2222
+ c1
+ c11
+ c111
diff --git a/t/t4110/patch4.patch b/t/t4110/patch4.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ffb9c2d7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/patch4.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
+--- a/new.txt
++++ b/new.txt
+@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
++a1
++a11
++a111
++a1111
+ b1
+ b11
+ b111
diff --git a/t/t4110/patch5.patch b/t/t4110/patch5.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c5ac6914f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4110/patch5.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+diff --git a/new.txt b/new.txt
+--- a/new.txt
++++ b/new.txt
+@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@
+ c11
+ c111
+ c1111
++c2
++c22
++c222
++c2222
diff --git a/t/t4112-apply-renames.sh b/t/t4112-apply-renames.sh
index 69e9603c78..f9ad183758 100755
--- a/t/t4112-apply-renames.sh
+++ b/t/t4112-apply-renames.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply should not get confused with rename/copy.
+test_description='git apply should not get confused with rename/copy.
 
 '
 
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ typedef struct __jmp_buf jmp_buf[1];
 
 #endif /* _SETJMP_H */
 EOF
+cat >klibc/README <<\EOF
+This is a simple readme file.
+EOF
 
 cat >patch <<\EOF
 diff --git a/klibc/arch/x86_64/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h b/include/arch/cris/klibc/archsetjmp.h
@@ -49,10 +52,10 @@ copy to include/arch/cris/klibc/archsetjmp.h
 - * arch/x86_64/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h
 + * arch/cris/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h
   */
- 
+
  #ifndef _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H
  #define _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H
- 
+
  struct __jmp_buf {
 -  unsigned long __rbx;
 -  unsigned long __rsp;
@@ -74,9 +77,9 @@ copy to include/arch/cris/klibc/archsetjmp.h
 +  unsigned long __sp;
 +  unsigned long __srp;
  };
- 
+
  typedef struct __jmp_buf jmp_buf[1];
- 
+
 -#endif /* _SETJMP_H */
 +#endif /* _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H */
 diff --git a/klibc/arch/x86_64/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h b/include/arch/m32r/klibc/archsetjmp.h
@@ -90,10 +93,10 @@ rename to include/arch/m32r/klibc/archsetjmp.h
 - * arch/x86_64/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h
 + * arch/m32r/include/klibc/archsetjmp.h
   */
- 
+
  #ifndef _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H
  #define _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H
- 
+
  struct __jmp_buf {
 -  unsigned long __rbx;
 -  unsigned long __rsp;
@@ -108,17 +111,34 @@ rename to include/arch/m32r/klibc/archsetjmp.h
    unsigned long __r15;
 -  unsigned long __rip;
  };
- 
+
  typedef struct __jmp_buf jmp_buf[1];
- 
+
 -#endif /* _SETJMP_H */
 +#endif /* _KLIBC_ARCHSETJMP_H */
+diff --git a/klibc/README b/klibc/README
+--- a/klibc/README
++++ b/klibc/README
+@@ -1,1 +1,4 @@
+ This is a simple readme file.
++And we add a few
++lines at the
++end of it.
+diff --git a/klibc/README b/klibc/arch/README
+copy from klibc/README
+copy to klibc/arch/README
+--- a/klibc/README
++++ b/klibc/arch/README
+@@ -1,1 +1,3 @@
+ This is a simple readme file.
++And we copy it to one level down, and
++add a few lines at the end of it.
 EOF
 
-find klibc -type f -print | xargs git-update-index --add --
+find klibc -type f -print | xargs git update-index --add --
 
-test_expect_success 'check rename/copy patch' 'git-apply --check patch'
+test_expect_success 'check rename/copy patch' 'git apply --check patch'
 
-test_expect_success 'apply rename/copy patch' 'git-apply --index patch'
+test_expect_success 'apply rename/copy patch' 'git apply --index patch'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4113-apply-ending.sh b/t/t4113-apply-ending.sh
index 7fd0cf62ec..66fa51591e 100755
--- a/t/t4113-apply-ending.sh
+++ b/t/t4113-apply-ending.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Catalin Marinas
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply trying to add an ending line.
+test_description='git apply trying to add an ending line.
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ echo 'b' >>file
 echo 'c' >>file
 
 test_expect_success setup \
-    'git-update-index --add file'
+    'git update-index --add file'
 
 # test
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply at the end' \
-    'git-apply --index test-patch'
+test_expect_success 'apply at the end' \
+    'test_must_fail git apply --index test-patch'
 
 cat >test-patch <<\EOF
 diff a/file b/file
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ EOF
 echo >file 'a
 b
 c'
-git-update-index file
+git update-index file
 
-test_expect_failure 'apply at the beginning' \
-	'git-apply --index test-patch'
+test_expect_success 'apply at the beginning' \
+	'test_must_fail git apply --index test-patch'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
index ca81d72157..99ec13dd53 100755
--- a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,18 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply should not get confused with type changes.
+test_description='git apply should not get confused with type changes.
 
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success 'setup repository and commits' '
 	echo "hello world" > foo &&
 	echo "hi planet" > bar &&
@@ -25,6 +31,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and commits' '
 	git update-index foo &&
 	git commit -m "foo back to file" &&
 	git branch foo-back-to-file &&
+	printf "\0" > foo &&
+	git update-index foo &&
+	git commit -m "foo becomes binary" &&
+	git branch foo-becomes-binary &&
 	rm -f foo &&
 	git update-index --remove foo &&
 	mkdir foo &&
@@ -85,6 +95,20 @@ test_expect_success 'symlink becomes file' '
 	'
 test_debug 'cat patch'
 
+test_expect_success 'binary file becomes symlink' '
+	git checkout -f foo-becomes-binary &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-symlinked-to-bar > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlink becomes binary file' '
+	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-becomes-binary > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
 
 test_expect_success 'symlink becomes directory' '
 	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
diff --git a/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh b/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
index b947ed83bb..b852e58980 100755
--- a/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,18 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply symlinks and partial files
+test_description='git apply symlinks and partial files
 
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	ln -s path1/path2/path3/path4/path5 link1 &&
@@ -33,7 +39,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply symlink patch' '
 	git checkout side &&
 	git apply patch &&
 	git diff-files -p >patched &&
-	git diff patch patched
+	test_cmp patch patched
 
 '
 
@@ -42,7 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply --index symlink patch' '
 	git checkout -f side &&
 	git apply --index patch &&
 	git diff-index --cached -p HEAD >patched &&
-	git diff patch patched
+	test_cmp patch patched
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
index 2685b22630..2298ece801 100755
--- a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
+++ b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply in reverse
+test_description='git apply in reverse
 
 '
 
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ test_description='git-apply in reverse
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
-	tr "[ijk]" '\''[\0\1\2]'\'' <file1 >file2 &&
+	perl -pe "y/ijk/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git tag initial &&
 
 	for i in a b c g h i J K L m o n p q; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
-	tr "[mon]" '\''[\0\1\2]'\'' <file1 >file2 &&
+	perl -pe "y/mon/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git commit -a -m second &&
 	git tag second &&
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ test_expect_success 'apply in reverse' '
 	git reset --hard second &&
 	git apply --reverse --binary --index patch &&
 	git diff >diff &&
-	git diff /dev/null diff
+	test_cmp /dev/null diff
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup separate repository lacking postimage' '
 
-	git tar-tree initial initial | tar xf - &&
+	git tar-tree initial initial | $TAR xf - &&
 	(
 		cd initial && git init && git add .
 	) &&
 
-	git tar-tree second second | tar xf - &&
+	git tar-tree second second | $TAR xf - &&
 	(
 		cd second && git init && git add .
 	)
@@ -82,4 +82,10 @@ test_expect_success 'apply in reverse without postimage' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reversing a whitespace introduction' '
+	sed "s/a/a /" < file1 > file1.new &&
+	mv file1.new file1 &&
+	git diff | git apply --reverse --whitespace=error
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh b/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
index 91931f0e3f..e9ccd161ee 100755
--- a/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
+++ b/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply with rejects
+test_description='git apply with rejects
 
 '
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply without --reject should fail' '
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
-	git diff file1 saved.file1
+	test_cmp file1 saved.file1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply without --reject should fail' '
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply without --reject should fail' '
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
-	git diff file1 saved.file1
+	test_cmp file1 saved.file1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply with --reject should fail but update the file' '
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply with --reject should fail but update the file' '
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
-	git diff file1 expected &&
+	test_cmp file1 expected &&
 
 	cat file1.rej &&
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply with --reject should fail but update the file' '
 		echo "file1 still exists?"
 		exit 1
 	}
-	git diff file2 expected &&
+	test_cmp file2 expected &&
 
 	cat file2.rej &&
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ test_expect_success 'the same test with --verbose' '
 		echo "file1 still exists?"
 		exit 1
 	}
-	git diff file2 expected &&
+	test_cmp file2 expected &&
 
 	cat file2.rej &&
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply cleanly with --verbose' '
 
 	git apply --verbose patch.1 &&
 
-	git diff file1 clean
+	test_cmp file1 clean
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh b/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
index 27cc6f2b88..65f2e4c3ef 100755
--- a/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
+++ b/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply with new style GNU diff with empty context
+test_description='git apply with new style GNU diff with empty context
 
 '
 
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		cat file1 &&
 		echo Q | tr -d "\\012"
 	} >file2 &&
-	cat file2 >file2.orig
+	cat file2 >file2.orig &&
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	sed -e "/^B/d" <file1.orig >file1 &&
-	sed -e "/^[BQ]/d" <file2.orig >file2 &&
+	cat file1 > file2 &&
 	echo Q | tr -d "\\012" >>file2 &&
 	cat file1 >file1.mods &&
 	cat file2 >file2.mods &&
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply --numstat' '
 		echo "0	1	file1" &&
 		echo "0	1	file2"
 	} >expect &&
-	git diff expect actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
 
@@ -48,9 +48,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply --apply' '
 	cat file2.orig >file2 &&
 	git update-index file1 file2 &&
 	git apply --index diff.output &&
-	git diff file1.mods file1 &&
-	git diff file2.mods file2
+	test_cmp file1.mods file1 &&
+	test_cmp file2.mods file2
 '
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t4119-apply-config.sh b/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
index 620a9207bf..3c73a783a7 100755
--- a/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
+++ b/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply --whitespace=strip and configuration file.
+test_description='git apply --whitespace=strip and configuration file.
 
 '
 
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 # Also handcraft GNU diff output; note this has trailing whitespace.
-cat >gpatch.file <<\EOF &&
+tr '_' ' ' >gpatch.file <<\EOF &&
 --- file1	2007-02-21 01:04:24.000000000 -0800
 +++ file1+	2007-02-21 01:07:44.000000000 -0800
 @@ -1 +1 @@
 -A
-+B 
++B_
 EOF
 
 sed -e 's|file1|sub/&|' gpatch.file >gpatch-sub.file &&
diff --git a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
index 2f672f30d4..83d4ba6798 100755
--- a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
+++ b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Shawn O. Pearce
 #
 
-test_description='git-apply -p handling.'
+test_description='git apply -p handling.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
diff --git a/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh b/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aff551a1d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply for contextually independent diffs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+echo '1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8' >file
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' \
+	'git add file &&
+	git commit -q -m 1 &&
+	git checkout -b test &&
+	mv file file.tmp &&
+	echo 0 >file &&
+	cat file.tmp >>file &&
+	rm file.tmp &&
+	git commit -a -q -m 2 &&
+	echo 9 >>file &&
+	git commit -a -q -m 3 &&
+	git checkout master'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'check if contextually independent diffs for the same file apply' \
+	'( git diff test~2 test~1; git diff test~1 test~0 )| git apply'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh b/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0d3c1d5dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply to deeper directory without getting fooled with symlink'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+lecho () {
+	for l_
+	do
+		echo "$l_"
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir -p arch/i386/boot arch/x86_64 &&
+	lecho 1 2 3 4 5 >arch/i386/boot/Makefile &&
+	ln -s ../i386/boot arch/x86_64/boot &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch test &&
+
+	rm arch/x86_64/boot &&
+	mkdir arch/x86_64/boot &&
+	lecho 2 3 4 5 6 >arch/x86_64/boot/Makefile &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m second &&
+
+	git format-patch --binary -1 --stdout >test.patch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success apply '
+
+	git checkout test &&
+	git diff --exit-code test &&
+	git diff --exit-code --cached test &&
+	git apply --index test.patch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check result' '
+
+	git diff --exit-code master &&
+	git diff --exit-code --cached master &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m replay &&
+	T1=$(git rev-parse "master^{tree}") &&
+	T2=$(git rev-parse "HEAD^{tree}") &&
+	test "z$T1" = "z$T2"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4123-apply-shrink.sh b/t/t4123-apply-shrink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..984157f03b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4123-apply-shrink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply a patch that is larger than the preimage'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >F  <<\EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+999999
+A
+B
+C
+D
+E
+F
+G
+H
+I
+J
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	git add F &&
+	mv F G &&
+	sed -e "s/1/11/" -e "s/999999/9/" -e "s/H/HH/" <G >F &&
+	git diff >patch &&
+	sed -e "/^\$/d" <G >F &&
+	git add F
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply should fail gracefully' '
+
+	if git apply --index patch
+	then
+		echo Oops, should not have succeeded
+		false
+	else
+		status=$?
+		echo "Status was $status"
+		if test -f .git/index.lock
+		then
+			echo Oops, should not have crashed
+			false
+		fi
+	fi
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fac2093d7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='core.whitespace rules and git apply'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+prepare_test_file () {
+
+	# A line that has character X is touched iff RULE is in effect:
+	#       X  RULE
+	#   	!  trailing-space
+	#   	@  space-before-tab
+	#   	#  indent-with-non-tab
+	sed -e "s/_/ /g" -e "s/>/	/" <<-\EOF
+		An_SP in an ordinary line>and a HT.
+		>A HT.
+		_>A SP and a HT (@).
+		_>_A SP, a HT and a SP (@).
+		_______Seven SP.
+		________Eight SP (#).
+		_______>Seven SP and a HT (@).
+		________>Eight SP and a HT (@#).
+		_______>_Seven SP, a HT and a SP (@).
+		________>_Eight SP, a HT and a SP (@#).
+		_______________Fifteen SP (#).
+		_______________>Fifteen SP and a HT (@#).
+		________________Sixteen SP (#).
+		________________>Sixteen SP and a HT (@#).
+		_____a__Five SP, a non WS, two SP.
+		A line with a (!) trailing SP_
+		A line with a (!) trailing HT>
+	EOF
+}
+
+apply_patch () {
+	>target &&
+	sed -e "s|\([ab]\)/file|\1/target|" <patch |
+	git apply "$@"
+}
+
+test_fix () {
+
+	# fix should not barf
+	apply_patch --whitespace=fix || return 1
+
+	# find touched lines
+	diff file target | sed -n -e "s/^> //p" >fixed
+
+	# the changed lines are all expeced to change
+	fixed_cnt=$(wc -l <fixed)
+	case "$1" in
+	'') expect_cnt=$fixed_cnt ;;
+	?*) expect_cnt=$(grep "[$1]" <fixed | wc -l) ;;
+	esac
+	test $fixed_cnt -eq $expect_cnt || return 1
+
+	# and we are not missing anything
+	case "$1" in
+	'') expect_cnt=0 ;;
+	?*) expect_cnt=$(grep "[$1]" <file | wc -l) ;;
+	esac
+	test $fixed_cnt -eq $expect_cnt || return 1
+
+	# Get the patch actually applied
+	git diff-files -p target >fixed-patch
+	test -s fixed-patch && return 0
+
+	# Make sure it is complaint-free
+	>target
+	git apply --whitespace=error-all <fixed-patch
+
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	prepare_test_file >file &&
+	git diff-files -p >patch &&
+	>target &&
+	git add target
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=nowarn, default rule' '
+
+	apply_patch --whitespace=nowarn &&
+	diff file target
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=warn, default rule' '
+
+	apply_patch --whitespace=warn &&
+	diff file target
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=error-all, default rule' '
+
+	apply_patch --whitespace=error-all && return 1
+	test -s target && return 1
+	: happy
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=error-all, no rule' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace -trailing,-space-before,-indent &&
+	apply_patch --whitespace=error-all &&
+	diff file target
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=error-all, no rule (attribute)' '
+
+	git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "target -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	apply_patch --whitespace=error-all &&
+	diff file target
+
+'
+
+for t in - ''
+do
+	case "$t" in '') tt='!' ;; *) tt= ;; esac
+	for s in - ''
+	do
+		case "$s" in '') ts='@' ;; *) ts= ;; esac
+		for i in - ''
+		do
+			case "$i" in '') ti='#' ;; *) ti= ;; esac
+			rule=${t}trailing,${s}space,${i}indent
+
+			rm -f .gitattributes
+			test_expect_success "rule=$rule" '
+				git config core.whitespace "$rule" &&
+				test_fix "$tt$ts$ti"
+			'
+
+			test_expect_success "rule=$rule (attributes)" '
+				git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+				echo "target whitespace=$rule" >.gitattributes &&
+				test_fix "$tt$ts$ti"
+			'
+
+		done
+	done
+done
+
+create_patch () {
+	sed -e "s/_/ /" <<-\EOF
+		diff --git a/target b/target
+		index e69de29..8bd6648 100644
+		--- a/target
+		+++ b/target
+		@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+		+An empty line follows
+		+
+		+A line with trailing whitespace and no newline_
+		\ No newline at end of file
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing whitespace & no newline at the end of file' '
+	>target &&
+	create_patch >patch-file &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch-file &&
+	grep "newline$" target &&
+	grep "^$" target
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4125-apply-ws-fuzz.sh b/t/t4125-apply-ws-fuzz.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3b471b641b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4125-apply-ws-fuzz.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='applying patch that has broken whitespaces in context'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# file-0 is full of whitespace breakages
+	for l in a bb c d eeee f ggg h
+	do
+		echo "$l "
+	done >file-0 &&
+
+	# patch-0 creates a whitespace broken file
+	cat file-0 >file &&
+	git diff >patch-0 &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# file-1 is still full of whitespace breakages,
+	# but has one line updated, without fixing any
+	# whitespaces.
+	# patch-1 records that change.
+	sed -e "s/d/D/" file-0 >file-1 &&
+	cat file-1 >file &&
+	git diff >patch-1 &&
+
+	# patch-all is the effect of both patch-0 and patch-1
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	cat file-1 >file &&
+	git diff >patch-all &&
+
+	# patch-2 is the same as patch-1 but is based
+	# on a version that already has whitespace fixed,
+	# and does not introduce whitespace breakages.
+	sed -e "s/ $//" patch-1 >patch-2 &&
+
+	# If all whitespace breakages are fixed the contents
+	# should look like file-fixed
+	sed -e "s/ $//" file-1 >file-fixed
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success nofix '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# Baseline.  Applying without fixing any whitespace
+	# breakages.
+	git apply --whitespace=nowarn patch-0 &&
+	git apply --whitespace=nowarn patch-1 &&
+
+	# The result should obviously match.
+	test_cmp file-1 file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'withfix (forward)' '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# The first application will munge the context lines
+	# the second patch depends on.  We should be able to
+	# adjust and still apply.
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch-0 &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch-1 &&
+
+	test_cmp file-fixed file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'withfix (backward)' '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# Now we have a whitespace breakages on our side.
+	git apply --whitespace=nowarn patch-0 &&
+
+	# And somebody sends in a patch based on image
+	# with whitespace already fixed.
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch-2 &&
+
+	# The result should accept the whitespace fixed
+	# postimage.  But the line with "h" is beyond context
+	# horizon and left unfixed.
+
+	sed -e /h/d file-fixed >fixed-head &&
+	sed -e /h/d file >file-head &&
+	test_cmp fixed-head file-head &&
+
+	sed -n -e /h/p file-fixed >fixed-tail &&
+	sed -n -e /h/p file >file-tail &&
+
+	! test_cmp fixed-tail file-tail
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4126-apply-empty.sh b/t/t4126-apply-empty.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ceb6a79fe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4126-apply-empty.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply empty'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>empty &&
+	git add empty &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	for i in a b c d e
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >empty &&
+	cat empty >expect &&
+	git diff |
+	sed -e "/^diff --git/d" \
+	    -e "/^index /d" \
+	    -e "s|a/empty|empty.orig|" \
+	    -e "s|b/empty|empty|" >patch0 &&
+	sed -e "s|empty|missing|" patch0 >patch1 &&
+	>empty &&
+	git update-index --refresh
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply empty' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f missing &&
+	git apply patch0 &&
+	test_cmp expect empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --index empty' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f missing &&
+	git apply --index patch0 &&
+	test_cmp expect empty &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply create' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f missing &&
+	git apply patch1 &&
+	test_cmp expect missing
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --index create' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f missing &&
+	git apply --index patch1 &&
+	test_cmp expect missing &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh b/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3a8202ea93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply same filename'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+modify () {
+	sed -e "$1" < "$2" > "$2".x &&
+	mv "$2".x "$2"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >same_fn &&
+	cp same_fn other_fn &&
+	git add same_fn other_fn &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+test_expect_success 'apply same filename with independent changes' '
+	modify "s/^d/z/" same_fn &&
+	git diff > patch0 &&
+	git add same_fn &&
+	modify "s/^i/y/" same_fn &&
+	git diff >> patch0 &&
+	cp same_fn same_fn2 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply patch0 &&
+	diff same_fn same_fn2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply same filename with overlapping changes' '
+	git reset --hard
+	modify "s/^d/z/" same_fn &&
+	git diff > patch0 &&
+	git add same_fn &&
+	modify "s/^e/y/" same_fn &&
+	git diff >> patch0 &&
+	cp same_fn same_fn2 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply patch0 &&
+	diff same_fn same_fn2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply same new filename after rename' '
+	git reset --hard
+	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
+	git add new_fn &&
+	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
+	modify "s/^e/y/" new_fn &&
+	git diff >> patch1 &&
+	cp new_fn new_fn2 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --index patch1 &&
+	diff new_fn new_fn2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply same old filename after rename -- should fail.' '
+	git reset --hard
+	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
+	git add new_fn &&
+	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
+	git mv new_fn same_fn
+	modify "s/^e/y/" same_fn &&
+	git diff >> patch1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git apply patch1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply A->B (rename), C->A (rename), A->A -- should pass.' '
+	git reset --hard
+	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
+	git add new_fn &&
+	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
+	git commit -m "a rename" &&
+	git mv other_fn same_fn
+	modify "s/^e/y/" same_fn &&
+	git add same_fn &&
+	git diff -M --cached >> patch1 &&
+	modify "s/^g/x/" same_fn &&
+	git diff >> patch1 &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git apply patch1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4128-apply-root.sh b/t/t4128-apply-root.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8f6aea48d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4128-apply-root.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='apply same filename'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	mkdir -p some/sub/dir &&
+	echo Hello > some/sub/dir/file &&
+	git add some/sub/dir/file &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial
+
+'
+
+cat > patch << EOF
+diff a/bla/blub/dir/file b/bla/blub/dir/file
+--- a/bla/blub/dir/file
++++ b/bla/blub/dir/file
+@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
+-Hello
++Bello
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory -p (1)' '
+
+	git apply --directory=some/sub -p3 --index patch &&
+	test Bello = $(git show :some/sub/dir/file) &&
+	test Bello = $(cat some/sub/dir/file)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory -p (2) ' '
+
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git apply --directory=some/sub/ -p3 --index patch &&
+	test Bello = $(git show :some/sub/dir/file) &&
+	test Bello = $(cat some/sub/dir/file)
+
+'
+
+cat > patch << EOF
+diff --git a/newfile b/newfile
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..d95f3ad
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/newfile
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory (new file)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git apply --directory=some/sub/dir/ --index patch &&
+	test content = $(git show :some/sub/dir/newfile) &&
+	test content = $(cat some/sub/dir/newfile)
+'
+
+cat > patch << EOF
+diff --git a/delfile b/delfile
+deleted file mode 100644
+index d95f3ad..0000000
+--- a/delfile
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-content
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory (delete file)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	echo content >some/sub/dir/delfile &&
+	git add some/sub/dir/delfile &&
+	git apply --directory=some/sub/dir/ --index patch &&
+	! (git ls-files | grep delfile)
+'
+
+cat > patch << 'EOF'
+diff --git "a/qu\157tefile" "b/qu\157tefile"
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..d95f3ad
+--- /dev/null
++++ "b/qu\157tefile"
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory (quoted filename)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git apply --directory=some/sub/dir/ --index patch &&
+	test content = $(git show :some/sub/dir/quotefile) &&
+	test content = $(cat some/sub/dir/quotefile)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fc7af04931
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='applying patch with mode bits'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem'
+else
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo original >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	echo modified >file &&
+	git diff --stat -p >patch-0.txt &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git diff --stat -p >patch-1.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (no index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git apply patch-0.txt &&
+	test -x file
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (with index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git apply --index patch-0.txt &&
+	test -x file &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (index only)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git apply --cached patch-0.txt &&
+	git ls-files -s file | grep "^100755"
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (no index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply patch-1.txt &&
+	test -x file
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (with index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --index patch-1.txt &&
+	test -x file &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (index only)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --cached patch-1.txt &&
+	git ls-files -s file | grep "^100755"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7cfa2d6287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply handling criss-cross rename patch.'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+create_file() {
+	cnt=0
+	while test $cnt -le 100
+	do
+		cnt=$(($cnt + 1))
+		echo "$2" >> "$1"
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	create_file file1 "File1 contents" &&
+	create_file file2 "File2 contents" &&
+	create_file file3 "File3 contents" &&
+	git add file1 file2 file3 &&
+	git commit -m 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'criss-cross rename' '
+	mv file1 tmp &&
+	mv file2 file1 &&
+	mv tmp file2 &&
+	cp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	cp file2 file2-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -M -B' '
+	git diff -M -B > diff &&
+	git reset --hard
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply' '
+	git apply diff &&
+	test_cmp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file2 file2-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'criss-cross rename' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mv file1 tmp &&
+	mv file2 file1 &&
+	mv file3 file2
+	mv tmp file3 &&
+	cp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	cp file2 file2-swapped &&
+	cp file3 file3-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -M -B' '
+	git diff -M -B > diff &&
+	git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply' '
+	git apply diff &&
+	test_cmp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file2 file2-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file3 file3-swapped
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..94373ca9a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Stephen Boyd
+#
+
+test_description='git apply --build-fake-ancestor handling.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit 1 &&
+	test_commit 2 &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit 3 sub/3 &&
+	test_commit 4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --build-fake-ancestor' '
+	git checkout 2 &&
+	echo "A" > 1.t &&
+	git diff > 1.patch &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout 1 &&
+	git apply --build-fake-ancestor 1.ancestor 1.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --build-fake-ancestor in a subdirectory' '
+	git checkout 3 &&
+	echo "C" > sub/3.t &&
+	git diff > 3.patch &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout 4 &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git apply --build-fake-ancestor 3.ancestor ../3.patch &&
+		test -f 3.ancestor
+	) &&
+	git apply --build-fake-ancestor 3.ancestor 3.patch &&
+	test_cmp sub/3.ancestor 3.ancestor
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a12bf84623
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git am running'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >msg <<EOF
+second
+
+Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy
+eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam
+voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita
+kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem
+ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod
+tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At
+vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.
+
+	Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit
+	esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis
+	at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit
+	praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla
+	facilisi.
+
+
+Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
+consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut
+laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.
+
+  git
+  ---
+  +++
+
+Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit
+lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure
+dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum
+dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio
+dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te
+feugait nulla facilisi.
+EOF
+
+cat >failmail <<EOF
+From foo@example.com Fri May 23 10:43:49 2008
+From:	foo@example.com
+To:	bar@example.com
+Subject: Re: [RFC/PATCH] git-foo.sh
+Date:	Fri, 23 May 2008 05:23:42 +0200
+
+Sometimes we have to find out that there's nothing left.
+
+EOF
+
+cat >pine <<EOF
+From MAILER-DAEMON Fri May 23 10:43:49 2008
+Date: 23 May 2008 05:23:42 +0200
+From: Mail System Internal Data <MAILER-DAEMON@example.com>
+Subject: DON'T DELETE THIS MESSAGE -- FOLDER INTERNAL DATA
+Message-ID: <foo-0001@example.com>
+
+This text is part of the internal format of your mail folder, and is not
+a real message.  It is created automatically by the mail system software.
+If deleted, important folder data will be lost, and it will be re-created
+with the data reset to initial values.
+
+EOF
+
+echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >expected
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m first &&
+	git tag first &&
+	echo world >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -s -F msg &&
+	git tag second &&
+	git format-patch --stdout first >patch1 &&
+	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third &&
+	git format-patch --stdout first >patch2	&&
+	git checkout -b lorem &&
+	sed -n -e "11,\$p" msg >file &&
+	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "moved stuff" &&
+	echo goodbye >another &&
+	git add another &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "added another file" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master >lorem-move.patch
+'
+
+# reset time
+unset test_tick
+test_tick
+
+test_expect_success 'am applies patch correctly' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am <patch1 &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test -z "$(git diff second)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse second)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse second^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
+'
+
+GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Thor"
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="a.thor@example.com"
+GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Co M Miter"
+GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="c.miter@example.com"
+export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_NAME GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
+
+compare () {
+	test "$(git cat-file commit "$2" | grep "^$1 ")" = \
+	     "$(git cat-file commit "$3" | grep "^$1 ")"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'am changes committer and keeps author' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	git am patch2 &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse master^^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff master..HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff master^..HEAD^)" &&
+	compare author master HEAD &&
+	compare author master^ HEAD^ &&
+	test "$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" = \
+	     "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:"%cn <%ce>" HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --signoff adds Signed-off-by: line' '
+	git checkout -b master2 first &&
+	git am --signoff <patch2 &&
+	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >>expected &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep "Signed-off-by:" >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected &&
+	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >expected &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "Signed-off-by:" >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am stays in branch' '
+	test "refs/heads/master2" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --signoff does not add Signed-off-by: line if already there' '
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >patch3 &&
+	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2," patch3 >patch4
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	git am --signoff patch4 &&
+	test "$(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -c "^Signed-off-by:")" -eq 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am without --keep removes Re: and [PATCH] stuff' '
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse master2)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --keep really keeps the subject' '
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	git am --keep patch4 &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD |
+		fgrep "Re: Re: Re: [PATCH 1/5 v2] third"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
+	git checkout -b lorem2 master2 &&
+	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
+	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git am -3 lorem-move.patch &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test -z "$(git diff lorem)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 -q is quiet' '
+	git reset master2 --hard &&
+	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
+	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git am -3 -q lorem-move.patch > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	! test -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am pauses on conflict' '
+	git checkout lorem2^^ &&
+	test_must_fail git am lorem-move.patch &&
+	test -d .git/rebase-apply
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --skip works' '
+	git am --skip &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test -z "$(git diff lorem2^^ -- file)" &&
+	test goodbye = "$(cat another)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --resolved works' '
+	git checkout lorem2^^ &&
+	test_must_fail git am lorem-move.patch &&
+	test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	echo resolved >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git am --resolved &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test goodbye = "$(cat another)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am takes patches from a Pine mailbox' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	cat pine patch1 | git am &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test -z "$(git diff master^..HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am fails on mail without patch' '
+	test_must_fail git am <failmail &&
+	rm -r .git/rebase-apply/
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am fails on empty patch' '
+	echo "---" >>failmail &&
+	test_must_fail git am <failmail &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am works from stdin in subdirectory' '
+	rm -fr subdir &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	(
+		mkdir -p subdir &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		git am <../patch1
+	) &&
+	test -z "$(git diff second)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am works from file (relative path given) in subdirectory' '
+	rm -fr subdir &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	(
+		mkdir -p subdir &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		git am ../patch1
+	) &&
+	test -z "$(git diff second)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am works from file (absolute path given) in subdirectory' '
+	rm -fr subdir &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	P=$(pwd) &&
+	(
+		mkdir -p subdir &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		git am "$P/patch1"
+	) &&
+	test -z "$(git diff second)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --committer-date-is-author-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" = "$ct"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am without --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" != "$ct"
+'
+
+# This checks for +0000 because TZ is set to UTC and that should
+# show up when the current time is used. The date in message is set
+# by test_tick that uses -0700 timezone; if this feature does not
+# work, we will see that instead of +0000.
+test_expect_success 'am --ignore-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --ignore-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	echo "$at" | grep "+0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am into an unborn branch' '
+	rm -fr subdir &&
+	mkdir -p subdir &&
+	git format-patch --numbered-files -o subdir -1 first &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git init &&
+		git am 1
+	) &&
+	result=$(
+		cd subdir && git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}
+	) &&
+	test "z$result" = "z$(git rev-parse first^{tree})"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am newline in subject' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	sed -e "s/second/second \\\n foo/" patch1 > patchnl &&
+	git am < patchnl > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^Applying: second \\\n foo$" output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -q is quiet' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am -q < patch1 > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	! test -s output.out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4151-am-abort.sh b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2b912d7728
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='am --abort'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in a b c d e f g
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >file-1 &&
+	cp file-1 file-2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git add file-1 file-2 &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	for i in 2 3 4 5 6
+	do
+		echo $i >>file-1 &&
+		echo $i >otherfile-$i &&
+		git add otherfile-$i &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -a -m $i || break
+	done &&
+	git format-patch --no-numbered initial &&
+	git checkout -b side initial &&
+	echo local change >file-2-expect
+'
+
+for with3 in '' ' -3'
+do
+	test_expect_success "am$with3 stops at a patch that does not apply" '
+
+		git reset --hard initial &&
+		cp file-2-expect file-2 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git am$with3 000[1245]-*.patch &&
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+		for i in 3 2 initial
+		do
+			echo $i
+		done >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "am$with3 --skip continue after failed am$with3" '
+		test_must_fail git am$with3 --skip >output &&
+		test "$(grep "^Applying" output)" = "Applying: 6" &&
+		test_cmp file-2-expect file-2 &&
+		test ! -f .git/rr-cache/MERGE_RR
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "am --abort goes back after failed am$with3" '
+		git am --abort &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+		git rev-parse initial >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_cmp file-2-expect file-2 &&
+		git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD &&
+		test ! -f .git/rr-cache/MERGE_RR
+	'
+
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
index 6ba63d7173..a6bc028a57 100755
--- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Johannes E. Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='git-rerere
+test_description='git rerere
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 cat > a1 << EOF
+Some title
+==========
 Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
 The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
 Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ git commit -q -a -m initial
 
 git checkout -b first
 cat >> a1 << EOF
+Some title
+==========
 To die, to sleep;
 To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;
 For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
@@ -35,18 +39,35 @@ git commit -q -a -m first
 
 git checkout -b second master
 git show first:a1 |
-sed -e 's/To die, t/To die! T/' > a1
+sed -e 's/To die, t/To die! T/' -e 's/Some title/Some Title/' > a1
 echo "* END *" >>a1
 git commit -q -a -m second
 
-# activate rerere
-mkdir .git/rr-cache
+test_expect_success 'nothing recorded without rerere' '
+	(rm -rf .git/rr-cache; git config rerere.enabled false) &&
+	test_must_fail git merge first &&
+	! test -d .git/rr-cache
+'
 
-test_expect_failure 'conflicting merge' 'git pull . first'
+# activate rerere, old style
+test_expect_success 'conflicting merge' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mkdir .git/rr-cache &&
+	git config --unset rerere.enabled &&
+	test_must_fail git merge first
+'
 
-sha1=$(sed -e 's/\t.*//' .git/rr-cache/MERGE_RR)
+sha1=$(perl -pe 's/	.*//' .git/MERGE_RR)
 rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1
-test_expect_success 'recorded preimage' "grep ======= $rr/preimage"
+test_expect_success 'recorded preimage' "grep ^=======$ $rr/preimage"
+
+test_expect_success 'rerere.enabled works, too' '
+	rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
+	git config rerere.enabled true &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge first &&
+	grep ^=======$ $rr/preimage
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'no postimage or thisimage yet' \
 	"test ! -f $rr/postimage -a ! -f $rr/thisimage"
@@ -54,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no postimage or thisimage yet' \
 test_expect_success 'preimage has right number of lines' '
 
 	cnt=$(sed -ne "/^<<<<<<</,/^>>>>>>>/p" $rr/preimage | wc -l) &&
-	test $cnt = 9
+	test $cnt = 13
 
 '
 
@@ -63,13 +84,23 @@ git show first:a1 > a1
 cat > expect << EOF
 --- a/a1
 +++ b/a1
-@@ -6,17 +6,9 @@
+@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
+-Some Title
++Some title
+ ==========
+ Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
+ The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
+@@ -8,21 +8,11 @@
  The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
  That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
  Devoutly to be wish'd.
 -<<<<<<<
+-Some Title
+-==========
 -To die! To sleep;
 -=======
+ Some title
+ ==========
  To die, to sleep;
 ->>>>>>>
  To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;
@@ -84,7 +115,7 @@ cat > expect << EOF
 EOF
 git rerere diff > out
 
-test_expect_success 'rerere diff' 'git diff expect out'
+test_expect_success 'rerere diff' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 a1
@@ -92,26 +123,27 @@ EOF
 
 git rerere status > out
 
-test_expect_success 'rerere status' 'git diff expect out'
+test_expect_success 'rerere status' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 test_expect_success 'commit succeeds' \
 	"git commit -q -a -m 'prefer first over second'"
 
 test_expect_success 'recorded postimage' "test -f $rr/postimage"
 
-git checkout -b third master
-git show second^:a1 | sed 's/To die: t/To die! T/' > a1
-git commit -q -a -m third
-
-test_expect_failure 'another conflicting merge' 'git pull . first'
+test_expect_success 'another conflicting merge' '
+	git checkout -b third master &&
+	git show second^:a1 | sed "s/To die: t/To die! T/" > a1 &&
+	git commit -q -a -m third &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . first
+'
 
 git show first:a1 | sed 's/To die: t/To die! T/' > expect
-test_expect_success 'rerere kicked in' "! grep ======= a1"
+test_expect_success 'rerere kicked in' "! grep ^=======$ a1"
 
-test_expect_success 'rerere prefers first change' 'git diff a1 expect'
+test_expect_success 'rerere prefers first change' 'test_cmp a1 expect'
 
 rm $rr/postimage
-echo "$sha1	a1" | tr '\012' '\0' > .git/rr-cache/MERGE_RR
+echo "$sha1	a1" | perl -pe 'y/\012/\000/' > .git/MERGE_RR
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere clear' 'git rerere clear'
 
@@ -147,6 +179,45 @@ test_expect_success 'garbage collection (part2)' 'git rerere gc'
 test_expect_success 'old records rest in peace' \
 	"test ! -f $rr/preimage && test ! -f $rr2/preimage"
 
-test_done
+test_expect_success 'file2 added differently in two branches' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b fourth &&
+	echo Hallo > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m version1 &&
+	git checkout third &&
+	echo Bello > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m version2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge fourth &&
+	echo Cello > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m resolution
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolution was recorded properly' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD~2 &&
+	git checkout -b fifth &&
+	echo Hallo > file3 &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	git commit -m version1 &&
+	git checkout third &&
+	echo Bello > file3 &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	git commit -m version2 &&
+	git tag version2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge fifth &&
+	test Cello = "$(cat file3)" &&
+	test 0 != $(git ls-files -u | wc -l)
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'rerere.autoupdate' '
+	git config rerere.autoupdate true
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout version2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge fifth &&
+	test 0 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l)
 
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
index c27e39cb6f..405b971191 100755
--- a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
+++ b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Johannes E. Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='git-shortlog
+test_description='git shortlog
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -15,19 +15,19 @@ commit=$( (echo "Test"; echo) | git commit-tree $tree )
 git update-ref HEAD $commit
 
 echo 2 > a1
-git commit -m "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" a1
+git commit --quiet -m "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" a1
 
 # test if the wrapping is still valid when replacing all i's by treble clefs.
 echo 3 > a1
-git commit -m "$(echo "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" | sed "s/i/1234/g" | tr 1234 '\360\235\204\236')" a1
+git commit --quiet -m "$(echo "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" | sed "s/i/1234/g" | tr 1234 '\360\235\204\236')" a1
 
 # now fsck up the utf8
-git repo-config i18n.commitencoding non-utf-8
+git config i18n.commitencoding non-utf-8
 echo 4 > a1
-git commit -m "$(echo "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" | sed "s/i/1234/g" | tr 1234 '\370\235\204\236')" a1
+git commit --quiet -m "$(echo "This is a very, very long first line for the commit message to see if it is wrapped correctly" | sed "s/i/1234/g" | tr 1234 '\370\235\204\236')" a1
 
 echo 5 > a1
-git commit -m "a								12	34	56	78" a1
+git commit --quiet -m "a								12	34	56	78" a1
 
 git shortlog -w HEAD > out
 
@@ -45,6 +45,11 @@ A U Thor (5):
 
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'shortlog wrapping' 'diff -u expect out'
+test_expect_success 'shortlog wrapping' 'test_cmp expect out'
+
+git log HEAD > log
+GIT_DIR=non-existing git shortlog -w < log > out
+
+test_expect_success 'shortlog from non-git directory' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..48e0088b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git log'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo one >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo ichi >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+
+	git mv one ichi &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third &&
+
+	cp ichi ein &&
+	git add ein &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m fourth &&
+
+	mkdir a &&
+	echo ni >a/two &&
+	git add a/two &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m fifth  &&
+
+	git rm a/two &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m sixth
+
+'
+
+printf "sixth\nfifth\nfourth\nthird\nsecond\ninitial" > expect
+test_expect_success 'pretty' '
+
+	git log --pretty="format:%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+printf "sixth\nfifth\nfourth\nthird\nsecond\ninitial\n" > expect
+test_expect_success 'pretty (tformat)' '
+
+	git log --pretty="tformat:%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pretty (shortcut)' '
+
+	git log --pretty="%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format' '
+
+	git log --format="%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+5d31159 fourth
+2fbe8c0 third
+f7dab8e second
+3a2fdcb initial
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'oneline' '
+
+	git log --oneline > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=A' '
+
+	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=A HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo fifth ; echo fourth ; echo third ; echo initial) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=M' '
+
+	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=M HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo second) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=D' '
+
+	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=D HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo sixth ; echo third) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=R' '
+
+	actual=$(git log -M --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=R HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo third) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=C' '
+
+	actual=$(git log -C -C --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=C HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo fourth) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log --follow' '
+
+	actual=$(git log --follow --pretty="format:%s" ichi) &&
+	expect=$(echo third ; echo second ; echo initial) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+5d31159 fourth
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --no-walk <commits> sorts by commit time' '
+	git log --no-walk --oneline 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+5d31159 fourth
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git show <commits> leaves list of commits as given' '
+	git show --oneline -s 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup case sensitivity tests' '
+	echo case >one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git add one
+	git commit -a -m Second
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep' '
+	echo second >expect &&
+	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=sec >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -i --grep' '
+	echo Second >expect &&
+	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -i --grep=sec >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep -i' '
+	echo Second >expect &&
+	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=sec -i >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+* Second
+* sixth
+* fifth
+* fourth
+* third
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'simple log --graph' '
+	git log --graph --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
+	git checkout -b side HEAD~4 &&
+	test_commit side-1 1 1 &&
+	test_commit side-2 2 2 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge side
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   Merge branch 'side'
+|\
+| * side-2
+| * side-1
+* | Second
+* | sixth
+* | fifth
+* | fourth
+|/
+* third
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		sed "s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   commit master
+|\  Merge: A B
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Merge branch 'side'
+| |
+| * commit side
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     side-2
+| |
+| * commit tags/side-1
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     side-1
+| |
+* | commit master~1
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Second
+| |
+* | commit master~2
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     sixth
+| |
+* | commit master~3
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     fifth
+| |
+* | commit master~4
+|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|       fourth
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~1
+| Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|     third
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~2
+| Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|     second
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~3
+  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+
+      initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with full output' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=short |
+		git name-rev --name-only --stdin |
+		sed "s/Merge:.*/Merge: A B/;s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up more tangled history' '
+	git checkout -b tangle HEAD~6 &&
+	test_commit tangle-a tangle-a a &&
+	git merge master~3 &&
+	git merge side~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge tangle &&
+	git checkout -b reach &&
+	test_commit reach &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b octopus-a &&
+	test_commit octopus-a &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b octopus-b &&
+	test_commit octopus-b &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit seventh &&
+	git merge octopus-a octopus-b
+	git merge reach
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   Merge branch 'reach'
+|\
+| \
+|  \
+*-. \   Merge branches 'octopus-a' and 'octopus-b'
+|\ \ \
+* | | | seventh
+| | * | octopus-b
+| |/ /
+|/| |
+| * | octopus-a
+|/ /
+| * reach
+|/
+*   Merge branch 'tangle'
+|\
+| *   Merge branch 'side' (early part) into tangle
+| |\
+| * \   Merge branch 'master' (early part) into tangle
+| |\ \
+| * | | tangle-a
+* | | |   Merge branch 'side'
+|\ \ \ \
+| * | | | side-2
+| | |_|/
+| |/| |
+| * | | side-1
+* | | | Second
+* | | | sixth
+| |_|/
+|/| |
+* | | fifth
+* | | fourth
+|/ /
+* | third
+|/
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		sed "s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9a7d1b4466
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='.mailmap configurations'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo one >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo two >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit --author "nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" -m second
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'No mailmap' '
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'default .mailmap' '
+	echo "Repo Guy <author@example.com>" > .mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Using a mailmap file in a subdirectory of the repo here, but
+# could just as well have been a file outside of the repository
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file set' '
+	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <bugs@company.xx>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git config mailmap.file internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+External Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file override' '
+	echo "External Guy <author@example.com>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git config mailmap.file internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file non-existant' '
+	rm internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	rmdir internal_mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'No mailmap files, but configured' '
+	rm .mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Extended mailmap configurations should give us the following output for shortlog
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor <author@example.com> (1):
+      initial
+
+CTO <cto@company.xx> (1):
+      seventh
+
+Other Author <other@author.xx> (2):
+      third
+      fourth
+
+Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> (2):
+      fifth
+      sixth
+
+Some Dude <some@dude.xx> (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Shortlog output (complex mapping)' '
+	echo three >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "nick2 <bugs@company.xx>" -m third &&
+
+	echo four >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "nick2 <nick2@company.xx>" -m fourth &&
+
+	echo five >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "santa <me@company.xx>" -m fifth &&
+
+	echo six >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "claus <me@company.xx>" -m sixth &&
+
+	echo seven >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "CTO <cto@coompany.xx>" -m seventh &&
+
+	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "Committed <committer@example.com>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "<cto@company.xx>                       <cto@coompany.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Some Dude <some@dude.xx>         nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Other Author <other@author.xx>   nick2 <bugs@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Other Author <other@author.xx>         <nick2@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+
+	git shortlog -e HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+# git log with --pretty format which uses the name and email mailmap placemarkers
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author CTO <cto@coompany.xx> maps to CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author claus <me@company.xx> maps to Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author santa <me@company.xx> maps to Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick2 <nick2@company.xx> maps to Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick2 <bugs@company.xx> maps to Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick1 <bugs@company.xx> maps to Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author A U Thor <author@example.com> maps to A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output (complex mapping)' '
+	git log --pretty=format:"Author %an <%ae> maps to %aN <%aE>%nCommitter %cn <%ce> maps to %cN <%cE>%n" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# git blame
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+^3a2fdcb (A U Thor     2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 1) one
+7de6f99b (Some Dude    2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 2) two
+5815879d (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 3) three
+ff859d96 (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:15:13 -0700 4) four
+5ab6d4fa (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:16:13 -0700 5) five
+38a42d8b (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:17:13 -0700 6) six
+8ddc0386 (CTO          2005-04-07 15:18:13 -0700 7) seven
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Blame output (complex mapping)' '
+	git blame one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..04f7bae850
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git patch-id'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit initial foo a &&
+	test_commit first foo b &&
+	git checkout -b same HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit same-msg foo b &&
+	git checkout -b notsame HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit notsame-msg foo c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id output is well-formed' '
+	git log -p -1 | git patch-id > output &&
+	grep "^[a-f0-9]\{40\} $(git rev-parse HEAD)$" output
+'
+
+get_patch_id () {
+	git log -p -1 "$1" | git patch-id |
+		sed "s# .*##" > patch-id_"$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id detects equality' '
+	get_patch_id master &&
+	get_patch_id same &&
+	test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_same
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id detects inequality' '
+	get_patch_id master &&
+	get_patch_id notsame &&
+	! test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_notsame
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4252-am-options.sh b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f603c1b133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git am with options and not losing them'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+tm="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4252"
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	cp "$tm/file-1-0" file-1 &&
+	cp "$tm/file-2-0" file-2 &&
+	git add file-1 file-2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am --whitespace=fix' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --whitespace=fix "$tm"/am-test-1-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Six$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -C1' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -C1 "$tm"/am-test-2-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -p2' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -p2 "$tm"/am-test-3-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -C1 -p2' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -p2 -C1 "$tm"/am-test-4-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am --directory="frotz nitfol"' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --directory="frotz nitfol" "$tm"/am-test-5-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep One "frotz nitfol/file-5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply to a funny path' '
+	with_sq="with'\''sq"
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git am --directory="$with_sq" "$tm"/am-test-5-2 &&
+	test -f "$with_sq/file-5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --reject' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --reject "$tm"/am-test-6-1 &&
+	grep "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@" file-2.rej &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --exit-code --quiet file-2 &&
+	grep "[-]-reject" .git/rebase-apply/apply-opt
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-1-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-1-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0c09dc965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-1-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected because the first line in the
+context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-1 w/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/file-1
++++ w/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-1-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-1-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b874ae115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-1-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --whitespace=fix should lose 
+the trailing whitespace after "Six".
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six 
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-2-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-2-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..feda94a0cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-2-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -C1 because the
+preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-1 w/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/file-1
++++ w/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-2-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-2-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ac6600976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-2-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -C1 should be successful even though 
+the first line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-3-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-3-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608e5abba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-3-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -p2 because the
+preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-1 w/junk/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/junk/file-1
++++ w/junk/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-3-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-3-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0081b96f2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-3-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -p2 should be successful even though
+the patch is against a wrong level.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-4-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-4-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e48cd6cbde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-4-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -C1 -p2 because
+the preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-1 w/junk/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/junk/file-1
++++ w/junk/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-4-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-4-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e69bfa55b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-4-2
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -C1 -p2 should be successful even though
+the patch is against a wrong level and the first context line does
+not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-5-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-5-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da7bf29cbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-5-1
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --directory='frotz nitfol' should fail
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-5-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-5-2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..373025bcf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-5-2
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --directory='frotz nitfol' should succeed
+
+diff --git i/file-5 w/file-5
+new file mode 100644
+index 000000..1d6ed9f
+--- /dev/null
++++ w/file-5
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++One
++two
++three
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-6-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-6-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8859e9b8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-6-1
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Huh
+
+Should fail and leave rejects
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+-0
++One
+ 2
+ 3
+@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/file-1-0 b/t/t4252/file-1-0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06e567b11d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/file-1-0
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
diff --git a/t/t4252/file-2-0 b/t/t4252/file-2-0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06e567b11d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/file-2-0
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index e223c074f0..5f84b18fa5 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2005 Rene Scharfe
 #
 
-test_description='git-tar-tree and git-get-tar-commit-id test
+test_description='git tar-tree and git get-tar-commit-id test
 
 This test covers the topics of file contents, commit date handling and
 commit id embedding:
@@ -13,133 +13,221 @@ commit id embedding:
   binary file (/bin/sh).  Only paths shorter than 99 characters are
   used.
 
-  git-tar-tree applies the commit date to every file in the archive it
+  git tar-tree applies the commit date to every file in the archive it
   creates.  The test sets the commit date to a specific value and checks
   if the tar archive contains that value.
 
-  When giving git-tar-tree a commit id (in contrast to a tree id) it
+  When giving git tar-tree a commit id (in contrast to a tree id) it
   embeds this commit id into the tar archive as a comment.  The test
-  checks the ability of git-get-tar-commit-id to figure it out from the
+  checks the ability of git get-tar-commit-id to figure it out from the
   tar file.
 
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-TAR=${TAR:-tar}
 UNZIP=${UNZIP:-unzip}
 
+SUBSTFORMAT=%H%n
+
 test_expect_success \
     'populate workdir' \
     'mkdir a b c &&
      echo simple textfile >a/a &&
      mkdir a/bin &&
      cp /bin/sh a/bin &&
-     ln -s a a/l1 &&
+     printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >a/substfile1 &&
+     printf "A not substituted O" >a/substfile2 &&
+     if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+	ln -s a a/l1
+     else
+	printf %s a > a/l1
+     fi &&
      (p=long_path_to_a_file && cd a &&
       for depth in 1 2 3 4 5; do mkdir $p && cd $p; done &&
       echo text >file_with_long_path) &&
      (cd a && find .) | sort >a.lst'
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'add ignored file' \
+    'echo ignore me >a/ignored &&
+     echo ignored export-ignore >.git/info/attributes'
+
+test_expect_success \
     'add files to repository' \
-    'find a -type f | xargs git-update-index --add &&
-     find a -type l | xargs git-update-index --add &&
-     treeid=`git-write-tree` &&
+    'find a -type f | xargs git update-index --add &&
+     find a -type l | xargs git update-index --add &&
+     treeid=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $treeid >treeid &&
-     git-update-ref HEAD $(TZ=GMT GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-27 22:00:00" \
-     git-commit-tree $treeid </dev/null)'
+     git update-ref HEAD $(TZ=GMT GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-27 22:00:00" \
+     git commit-tree $treeid </dev/null)'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create bare clone' \
+    'git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+     cp .git/info/attributes bare.git/info/attributes'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'remove ignored file' \
+    'rm a/ignored'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive' \
+    'git archive HEAD >b.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-archive' \
-    'git-archive HEAD >b.tar'
+    'git tar-tree' \
+    'git tar-tree HEAD >b2.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-tar-tree' \
-    'git-tar-tree HEAD >b2.tar'
+    'git archive vs. git tar-tree' \
+    'test_cmp b.tar b2.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-archive vs. git-tar-tree' \
-    'diff b.tar b2.tar'
+    'git archive in a bare repo' \
+    '(cd bare.git && git archive HEAD) >b3.tar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive vs. the same in a bare repo' \
+    'test_cmp b.tar b3.tar'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with --output' \
+    'git archive --output=b4.tar HEAD &&
+    test_cmp b.tar b4.tar'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --remote' \
+    'git archive --remote=. HEAD >b5.tar &&
+    test_cmp b.tar b5.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file modification time' \
-    'TZ=GMT $TAR tvf b.tar a/a |
-     awk \{print\ \$4,\ \(length\(\$5\)\<7\)\ ?\ \$5\":00\"\ :\ \$5\} \
-     >b.mtime &&
-     echo "2005-05-27 22:00:00" >expected.mtime &&
-     diff expected.mtime b.mtime'
+    'mkdir extract &&
+     "$TAR" xf b.tar -C extract a/a &&
+     test-chmtime -v +0 extract/a/a |cut -f 1 >b.mtime &&
+     echo "1117231200" >expected.mtime &&
+     test_cmp expected.mtime b.mtime'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-get-tar-commit-id' \
-    'git-get-tar-commit-id <b.tar >b.commitid &&
-     diff .git/$(git-symbolic-ref HEAD) b.commitid'
+    'git get-tar-commit-id' \
+    'git get-tar-commit-id <b.tar >b.commitid &&
+     test_cmp .git/$(git symbolic-ref HEAD) b.commitid'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'extract tar archive' \
-    '(cd b && $TAR xf -) <b.tar'
+    '(cd b && "$TAR" xf -) <b.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate filenames' \
     '(cd b/a && find .) | sort >b.lst &&
-     diff a.lst b.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst b.lst'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file contents' \
     'diff -r a b/a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-tar-tree with prefix' \
-    'git-tar-tree HEAD prefix >c.tar'
+    'git tar-tree with prefix' \
+    'git tar-tree HEAD prefix >c.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'extract tar archive with prefix' \
-    '(cd c && $TAR xf -) <c.tar'
+    '(cd c && "$TAR" xf -) <c.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate filenames with prefix' \
     '(cd c/prefix/a && find .) | sort >c.lst &&
-     diff a.lst c.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst c.lst'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file contents with prefix' \
     'diff -r a c/prefix/a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-archive --format=zip' \
-    'git-archive --format=zip HEAD >d.zip'
+    'create archives with substfiles' \
+    'cp .git/info/attributes .git/info/attributes.before &&
+     echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
+     git archive HEAD >f.tar &&
+     git archive --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >g.tar &&
+     mv .git/info/attributes.before .git/info/attributes'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'extract substfiles' \
+    '(mkdir f && cd f && "$TAR" xf -) <f.tar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+     'validate substfile contents' \
+     'git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
+      >f/a/substfile1.expected &&
+      test_cmp f/a/substfile1.expected f/a/substfile1 &&
+      test_cmp a/substfile2 f/a/substfile2
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'extract substfiles from archive with prefix' \
+    '(mkdir g && cd g && "$TAR" xf -) <g.tar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+     'validate substfile contents from archive with prefix' \
+     'git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
+      >g/prefix/a/substfile1.expected &&
+      test_cmp g/prefix/a/substfile1.expected g/prefix/a/substfile1 &&
+      test_cmp a/substfile2 g/prefix/a/substfile2
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip' \
+    'git archive --format=zip HEAD >d.zip'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip in a bare repo' \
+    '(cd bare.git && git archive --format=zip HEAD) >d1.zip'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip vs. the same in a bare repo' \
+    'test_cmp d.zip d1.zip'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --format=zip with --output' \
+    'git archive --format=zip --output=d2.zip HEAD &&
+    test_cmp d.zip d2.zip'
+
+$UNZIP -v >/dev/null 2>&1
+if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
+	say "Skipping ZIP tests, because unzip was not found"
+else
+	test_set_prereq UNZIP
+fi
+
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'extract ZIP archive' \
     '(mkdir d && cd d && $UNZIP ../d.zip)'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate filenames' \
     '(cd d/a && find .) | sort >d.lst &&
-     diff a.lst d.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst d.lst'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate file contents' \
     'diff -r a d/a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-archive --format=zip with prefix' \
-    'git-archive --format=zip --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >e.zip'
+    'git archive --format=zip with prefix' \
+    'git archive --format=zip --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >e.zip'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'extract ZIP archive with prefix' \
     '(mkdir e && cd e && $UNZIP ../e.zip)'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate filenames with prefix' \
     '(cd e/prefix/a && find .) | sort >e.lst &&
-     diff a.lst e.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst e.lst'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate file contents with prefix' \
     'diff -r a e/prefix/a'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git-archive --list outside of a git repo' \
-    'GIT_DIR=some/non-existing/directory git-archive --list'
+    'git archive --list outside of a git repo' \
+    'GIT_DIR=some/non-existing/directory git archive --list'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..426b319bd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git archive attribute tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+SUBSTFORMAT=%H%n
+
+test_expect_exists() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 exists" "test -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_missing() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 does not exist" "test ! -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo ignored >ignored &&
+	echo ignored export-ignore >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add ignored &&
+
+	echo ignored by tree >ignored-by-tree &&
+	echo ignored-by-tree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
+	git add ignored-by-tree .gitattributes &&
+
+	echo ignored by worktree >ignored-by-worktree &&
+	echo ignored-by-worktree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
+	git add ignored-by-worktree &&
+
+	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >nosubstfile &&
+	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >substfile1 &&
+	printf "A not substituted O" >substfile2 &&
+	echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add nosubstfile substfile1 substfile2 &&
+
+	git commit -m. &&
+
+	git clone --bare . bare &&
+	cp .git/info/attributes bare/info/attributes
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive' '
+	git archive HEAD >archive.tar &&
+	(mkdir archive && cd archive && "$TAR" xf -) <archive.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_exists	archive/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with worktree attributes' '
+	git archive --worktree-attributes HEAD >worktree.tar &&
+	(mkdir worktree && cd worktree && "$TAR" xf -) <worktree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	worktree/ignored
+test_expect_exists	worktree/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_missing	worktree/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive vs. bare' '
+	(cd bare && git archive HEAD) >bare-archive.tar &&
+	test_cmp archive.tar bare-archive.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with worktree attributes, bare' '
+	(cd bare && git archive --worktree-attributes HEAD) >bare-worktree.tar &&
+	(mkdir bare-worktree && cd bare-worktree && "$TAR" xf -) <bare-worktree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	bare-worktree/ignored
+test_expect_exists	bare-worktree/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_exists	bare-worktree/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'export-subst' '
+	git log "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD >substfile1.expected &&
+	test_cmp nosubstfile archive/nosubstfile &&
+	test_cmp substfile1.expected archive/substfile1 &&
+	test_cmp substfile2 archive/substfile2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tar-tree vs. git archive with worktree attributes' '
+	git tar-tree HEAD >tar-tree.tar &&
+	test_cmp worktree.tar tar-tree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tar-tree vs. git archive with worktree attrs, bare' '
+	(cd bare && git tar-tree HEAD) >bare-tar-tree.tar &&
+	test_cmp bare-worktree.tar bare-tar-tree.tar
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
index ca96918da2..e70ea94a13 100755
--- a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
@@ -3,26 +3,78 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-mailinfo and git-mailsplit test'
+test_description='git mailinfo and git mailsplit test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'split sample box' \
-	'git-mailsplit -o. ../t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
+	'git mailsplit -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
 	last=`cat last` &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat last` = 8'
+	test `cat last` = 13'
 
 for mail in `echo 00*`
 do
-	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" \
-		"git-mailinfo -u msg$mail patch$mail <$mail >info$mail &&
+	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
+		git mailinfo -u msg$mail patch$mail <$mail >info$mail &&
 		echo msg &&
-		diff ../t5100/msg$mail msg$mail &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail msg$mail &&
 		echo patch &&
-		diff ../t5100/patch$mail patch$mail &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/patch$mail patch$mail &&
 		echo info &&
-		diff ../t5100/info$mail info$mail"
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info$mail info$mail
+	'
 done
 
+
+test_expect_success 'split box with rfc2047 samples' \
+	'mkdir rfc2047 &&
+	git mailsplit -orfc2047 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox \
+	  >rfc2047/last &&
+	last=`cat rfc2047/last` &&
+	echo total is $last &&
+	test `cat rfc2047/last` = 11'
+
+for mail in `echo rfc2047/00*`
+do
+	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
+		git mailinfo -u $mail-msg $mail-patch <$mail >$mail-info &&
+		echo msg &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-msg &&
+		echo patch &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-patch &&
+		echo info &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-info-$(basename $mail) $mail-info
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'respect NULs' '
+
+	git mailsplit -d3 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain 001 &&
+	(cat 001 | git mailinfo msg patch) &&
+	test 4 = $(wc -l < patch)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Preserve NULs out of MIME encoded message' '
+
+	git mailsplit -d5 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.in &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.in 00001 &&
+	git mailinfo msg patch <00001 &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.expect patch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo on from header without name works' '
+
+	mkdir info-from &&
+	git mailsplit -oinfo-from "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.in &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.in info-from/0001 &&
+	git mailinfo info-from/msg info-from/patch \
+	  <info-from/0001 >info-from/out &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.expect info-from/out
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5100/0010 b/t/t5100/0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5892c9da7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/0010
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+From b9704a518e21158433baa2cc2d591fea687967f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?UTF-8?q?Lukas=20Sandstr=C3=B6m?= <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
+Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2008 23:41:33 +0200
+Subject: Re: discussion that lead to this patch
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+[PATCH] git-mailinfo: Fix getting the subject from the body
+
+"Subject: " isn't in the static array "header", and thus
+memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 7) will never match.
+
+Signed-off-by: Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index 962aa34..2d1520f 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ static int check_header(char *line, unsigned linesize, char **hdr_data, int over
+ 		return 1;
+ 	if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
+ 		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+-			if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
++			if (!memcmp("Subject", header[i], 7)) {
+ 				if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
+ 					return 1;
+ 				}
+-- 
+1.5.6.2.455.g1efb2
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/empty b/t/t5100/empty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/empty
diff --git a/t/t5100/info-from.expect b/t/t5100/info-from.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c31d2eb550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info-from.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: bare@example.com
+Email: bare@example.com
+Subject: testing bare address in from header
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info-from.in b/t/t5100/info-from.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f082093fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info-from.in
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+From 667d8940e719cddee1cfe237cbbe215e20270b09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: bare@example.com
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] testing bare address in from header
+
+commit message
+---
+patch
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0001 b/t/t5100/info0001
index 8c052777e0..f951538acc 100644
--- a/t/t5100/info0001
+++ b/t/t5100/info0001
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Author: A U Thor
+Author: A (zzz) U Thor (Comment)
 Email: a.u.thor@example.com
 Subject: a commit.
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0009 b/t/t5100/info0009
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a66321c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0009
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: F U Bar
+Email: f.u.bar@example.com
+Subject: updates
+Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 00:00:00 +0900
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0010 b/t/t5100/info0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1791241e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0010
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Lukas Sandström
+Email: lukass@etek.chalmers.se
+Subject: git-mailinfo: Fix getting the subject from the body
+Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2008 23:41:33 +0200
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0011 b/t/t5100/info0011
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da5a605a12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0011
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: Xyzzy
+Date: Fri, 8 Aug 2008 13:08:37 +0200 (CEST)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0012 b/t/t5100/info0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac1216ff75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0012
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Dmitriy Blinov
+Email: bda@mnsspb.ru
+Subject: Изменён �пи�ок пакетов необходимых дл� �борки
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0013 b/t/t5100/info0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbe049e20e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0013
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: a patch
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0009 b/t/t5100/msg0009
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ffe131489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0009
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This is to fix diff-format documentation.
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0010 b/t/t5100/msg0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a96c230092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0010
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"Subject: " isn't in the static array "header", and thus
+memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 7) will never match.
+
+Signed-off-by: Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0011 b/t/t5100/msg0011
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4667f21007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0011
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Here comes a commit log message, and
+its second line is here.
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0012 b/t/t5100/msg0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1dc2bf7f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0012
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+textlive-* и�правлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Дей�твительно, оказало�ь, что rest2web выт�гивает за �обой
+python-docutils. В то врем� как �ам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0013 b/t/t5100/msg0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0013
diff --git a/t/t5100/nul-b64.expect b/t/t5100/nul-b64.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7d680f631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/nul-b64.expect
diff --git a/t/t5100/nul-b64.in b/t/t5100/nul-b64.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16540d961f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/nul-b64.in
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+From 667d8940e719cddee1cfe237cbbe215e20270b09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] second
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
+
+LS0tCiBmaWxlIHwgIEJpbiAxMzU3IC0+IDEzNTcgYnl0ZXMKIDEgZmlsZXMgY2hhbmdlZCwg
+MCBpbnNlcnRpb25zKCspLCAwIGRlbGV0aW9ucygtKQoKZGlmZiAtLWdpdCBhL2ZpbGUgYi9m
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+LiBVdCBjb25kaW1lbnR1bSBkb2xvciBzYWdpdHRpcyBuaQBoLiBTdXNwZW5kaXNzZQogdGVt
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+bnRlc3F1ZSBhdCwgZGljdHVtIHZpdmVycmEsCi0tIAoxLjUuNS4xLjU0MC5nNTc3ODAKCg==
diff --git a/t/t5100/nul-plain b/t/t5100/nul-plain
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d40691787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/nul-plain
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0009 b/t/t5100/patch0009
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65615c34af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0009
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+index b426a14..97756ec 100644
+--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
++++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ The "diff" formatting options can be customized via the
+ environment variable 'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'.  For example, if you
+ prefer context diff:
+ 
+-      GIT_DIFF_OPTS=-c git-diff-index -p $(cat .git/HEAD)
++      GIT_DIFF_OPTS=-c git-diff-index -p HEAD
+ 
+ 
+ 2. When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0010 b/t/t5100/patch0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f055481d56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0010
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index 962aa34..2d1520f 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ static int check_header(char *line, unsigned linesize, char **hdr_data, int over
+ 		return 1;
+ 	if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
+ 		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+-			if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
++			if (!memcmp("Subject", header[i], 7)) {
+ 				if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
+ 					return 1;
+ 				}
+-- 
+1.5.6.2.455.g1efb2
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0011 b/t/t5100/patch0011
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8841d3c139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0011
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c  |    4 ++--
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -758,8 +758,8 @@ static void handle_body(void)
+ 		/* process any boundary lines */
+ 		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line)) {
+ 			/* flush any leftover */
+-			if (line.len)
+-				handle_filter(&line);
++			if (prev.len)
++				handle_filter(&prev);
+ 
+ 			if (!handle_boundary())
+ 				goto handle_body_out;
+-- 
+1.6.0.rc2
+
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0012 b/t/t5100/patch0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36a0b68161
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0012
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить �вой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользовател� ddev
+ #. на �воей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно �ледующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0013 b/t/t5100/patch0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0013
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a383b07e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Keith Moore
+Email: moore@cs.utk.edu
+Subject: If you can read this you understand the example.
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..881be75d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Olle Järnefors
+Email: ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0f789177c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Patrik Fältström
+Email: paf@nada.kth.se
+Subject: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f67a90a974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Nathaniel Borenstein (�ולש ןב ילטפנ)
+Email: nsb@thumper.bellcore.com
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c27be3bf24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fc224810d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?US-ASCII?Q?Keith_Moore?= <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+To: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>
+CC: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Andr=E9?= Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be>
+Subject: =?ISO8859-1?B?SWYgeW91IGNhbiByZWFkIHRoaXMgeW8=?=
+ =?ISO8859-2?B?dSB1bmRlcnN0YW5kIHRoZSBleGFtcGxlLg==?=
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Olle_J=E4rnefors?= <ojarnef@admin.kth.se>
+To: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@mordor.stanford.edu>
+Cc: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, paf@comsol.se
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@nada.kth.se>
+Subject: Re: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Nathaniel Borenstein <nsb@thumper.bellcore.com>
+      (=?ISO8859-8?b?7eXs+SDv4SDp7Oj08A==?=)
+To: Greg Vaudreuil <gvaudre@NRI.Reston.VA.US>, Ned Freed
+   <ned@innosoft.com>, Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= b)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=  =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=
+    =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a_b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO8859-2?Q?_b?=)
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mbox b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
index b80c981c16..c3074ac573 100644
--- a/t/t5100/sample.mbox
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+    
+	
+    
 From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+From: A (zzz)
+      U
+      Thor
+      <a.u.thor@example.com> (Comment)
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
 Subject: [PATCH] a commit.
 
@@ -93,7 +99,7 @@ index 9123cdc..918dcf8 100644
 From nobody Sat Aug 27 23:07:49 2005
 Path: news.gmane.org!not-for-mail
 Message-ID: <20050721.091036.01119516.yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
-From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= 
+From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= 
 	<yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
 Newsgroups: gmane.comp.version-control.git
 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] GIT: Try all addresses for given remote name
@@ -212,7 +218,7 @@ GPG-FP  : 9022 65EB 1ECF 3AD1 0BDF  80D8 4807 F894 E062 0EEA
 From nobody Sat Aug 27 23:07:49 2005
 Path: news.gmane.org!not-for-mail
 Message-ID: <u5tacjjdpxq.fsf@lysator.liu.se>
-From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?David_K=E5gedal?= <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?David_K=E5gedal?= <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
 Newsgroups: gmane.comp.version-control.git
 Subject: [PATCH] Fixed two bugs in git-cvsimport-script.
 Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2005 20:18:25 +0200
@@ -220,7 +226,7 @@ Lines: 83
 Approved: news@gmane.org
 NNTP-Posting-Host: main.gmane.org
 Mime-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: QUOTED-PRINTABLE
 X-Trace: sea.gmane.org 1124130247 31839 80.91.229.2 (15 Aug 2005 18:24:07 GMT)
 X-Complaints-To: usenet@sea.gmane.org
@@ -404,3 +410,154 @@ Subject: [PATCH] another patch
 
 Hey you forgot the patch!
 
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 00:00:00 +0900
+Mime-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: Text/Plain; charset=us-ascii
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-Printable
+
+=0A=0AFrom: F U Bar <f.u.bar@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH] updates=0A=0AThis is to fix diff-format documentation.
+
+diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+index b426a14..97756ec 100644
+--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
++++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ The "diff" formatting options can be customized via the
+ environment variable 'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'.  For example, if you
+ prefer context diff:
+=20
+-      GIT_DIFF_OPTS=3D-c git-diff-index -p $(cat .git/HEAD)
++      GIT_DIFF_OPTS=3D-c git-diff-index -p HEAD
+=20
+=20
+ 2. When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
+From b9704a518e21158433baa2cc2d591fea687967f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?UTF-8?q?Lukas=20Sandstr=C3=B6m?= <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
+Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2008 23:41:33 +0200
+Subject: Re: discussion that lead to this patch
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+[PATCH] git-mailinfo: Fix getting the subject from the body
+
+"Subject: " isn't in the static array "header", and thus
+memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 7) will never match.
+
+Signed-off-by: Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index 962aa34..2d1520f 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ static int check_header(char *line, unsigned linesize, char **hdr_data, int over
+ 		return 1;
+ 	if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
+ 		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+-			if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
++			if (!memcmp("Subject", header[i], 7)) {
+ 				if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
+ 					return 1;
+ 				}
+-- 
+1.5.6.2.455.g1efb2
+
+From nobody Fri Aug  8 22:24:03 2008
+Date: Fri, 8 Aug 2008 13:08:37 +0200 (CEST)
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3 v2] Xyzzy
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-="
+
+--=-=-=
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-15
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
+
+Here comes a commit log message, and
+its second line is here.
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c  |    4 ++--
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -758,8 +758,8 @@ static void handle_body(void)
+ 		/* process any boundary lines */
+ 		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line)) {
+ 			/* flush any leftover */
+-			if (line.len)
+-				handle_filter(&line);
++			if (prev.len)
++				handle_filter(&prev);
+=20
+ 			if (!handle_boundary())
+ 				goto handle_body_out;
+--=20
+1.6.0.rc2
+
+--=-=-=--
+
+From bda@mnsspb.ru Wed Nov 12 17:54:41 2008
+From: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+To: navy-patches@dinar.mns.mnsspb.ru
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+Message-Id: <1226501681-24923-1-git-send-email-bda@mnsspb.ru>
+X-Mailer: git-send-email 1.5.6.5
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain;
+  charset=utf-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Subject: [Navy-patches] [PATCH]
+	=?utf-8?b?0JjQt9C80LXQvdGR0L0g0YHQv9C40YHQvtC6INC/0LA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0LrQtdGC0L7QsiDQvdC10L7QsdGF0L7QtNC40LzRi9GFINC00LvRjyA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0YHQsdC+0YDQutC4?=
+
+textlive-* и�правлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Дей�твительно, оказало�ь, что rest2web выт�гивает за �обой
+python-docutils. В то врем� как �ам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить �вой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользовател� ddev
+ #. на �воей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно �ледующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: <a.u.thor@example.com> (A U Thor)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] a patch
+
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index 083095f7f3..e2aa254eae 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-pack-object
+test_description='git pack-object
 
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -13,29 +13,28 @@ TRASH=`pwd`
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'rm -f .git/index*
-     for i in a b c
-     do
-	     dd if=/dev/zero bs=4k count=1 | tr "\\0" $i >$i &&
-	     git-update-index --add $i || return 1
-     done &&
-     cat c >d && echo foo >>d && git-update-index --add d &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
-     commit=`git-commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
+     perl -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
+     perl -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
+     perl -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
+     git update-index --add a b c &&
+     cat c >d && echo foo >>d && git update-index --add d &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
+     commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
 	 echo $tree &&
 	 echo $commit &&
-	 git-ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
+	 git ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
      } >obj-list && {
-	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
+	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git-cat-file -t $object` &&
-	    git-cat-file $t $object || return 1
+	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
      } >expect'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'pack without delta' \
-    'packname_1=$(git-pack-objects --window=0 test-1 <obj-list)'
+    'packname_1=$(git pack-objects --window=0 test-1 <obj-list)'
 
 rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
@@ -44,9 +43,9 @@ test_expect_success \
     'unpack without delta' \
     "GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     git-init &&
-     git-unpack-objects -n <test-1-${packname_1}.pack &&
-     git-unpack-objects <test-1-${packname_1}.pack"
+     git init &&
+     git unpack-objects -n <test-1-${packname_1}.pack &&
+     git unpack-objects <test-1-${packname_1}.pack"
 
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 cd "$TRASH/.git2"
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ cd "$TRASH"
 test_expect_success \
     'pack with REF_DELTA' \
     'pwd &&
-     packname_2=$(git-pack-objects test-2 <obj-list)'
+     packname_2=$(git pack-objects test-2 <obj-list)'
 
 rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
@@ -75,9 +74,9 @@ test_expect_success \
     'unpack with REF_DELTA' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     git-init &&
-     git-unpack-objects -n <test-2-${packname_2}.pack &&
-     git-unpack-objects <test-2-${packname_2}.pack'
+     git init &&
+     git unpack-objects -n <test-2-${packname_2}.pack &&
+     git unpack-objects <test-2-${packname_2}.pack'
 
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 cd "$TRASH/.git2"
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ cd "$TRASH"
 test_expect_success \
     'pack with OFS_DELTA' \
     'pwd &&
-     packname_3=$(git-pack-objects --delta-base-offset test-3 <obj-list)'
+     packname_3=$(git pack-objects --delta-base-offset test-3 <obj-list)'
 
 rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
@@ -105,9 +104,9 @@ test_expect_success \
     'unpack with OFS_DELTA' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     git-init &&
-     git-unpack-objects -n <test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
-     git-unpack-objects <test-3-${packname_3}.pack'
+     git init &&
+     git unpack-objects -n <test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+     git unpack-objects <test-3-${packname_3}.pack'
 
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 cd "$TRASH/.git2"
@@ -137,13 +136,13 @@ test_expect_success \
     'use packed objects' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     git-init &&
+     git init &&
      cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-1-${packname_1}.idx .git2/objects/pack && {
-	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
+	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git-cat-file -t $object` &&
-	    git-cat-file $t $object || return 1
+	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
     diff expect current'
@@ -152,13 +151,13 @@ test_expect_success \
     'use packed deltified (REF_DELTA) objects' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     rm .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
+     rm -f .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
      cp test-2-${packname_2}.pack test-2-${packname_2}.idx .git2/objects/pack && {
-	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
+	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git-cat-file -t $object` &&
-	    git-cat-file $t $object || return 1
+	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
     diff expect current'
@@ -167,91 +166,116 @@ test_expect_success \
     'use packed deltified (OFS_DELTA) objects' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     rm .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
+     rm -f .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
      cp test-3-${packname_3}.pack test-3-${packname_3}.idx .git2/objects/pack && {
-	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
+	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git-cat-file -t $object` &&
-	    git-cat-file $t $object || return 1
+	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
     diff expect current'
 
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 
+test_expect_success 'survive missing objects/pack directory' '
+	(
+		rm -fr missing-pack &&
+		mkdir missing-pack &&
+		cd missing-pack &&
+		git init &&
+		GOP=.git/objects/pack
+		rm -fr $GOP &&
+		git index-pack --stdin --keep=test <../test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test_cmp $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.pack ../test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.idx &&
+		test_cmp $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.idx ../test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.keep
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'verify pack' \
-    'git-verify-pack	test-1-${packname_1}.idx \
+    'git verify-pack	test-1-${packname_1}.idx \
 			test-2-${packname_2}.idx \
 			test-3-${packname_3}.idx'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'corrupt a pack and see if verify catches' \
-    'cp test-1-${packname_1}.idx test-3.idx &&
-     cp test-2-${packname_2}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     if git-verify-pack test-3.idx
+    'verify pack -v' \
+    'git verify-pack -v	test-1-${packname_1}.idx \
+			test-2-${packname_2}.idx \
+			test-3-${packname_3}.idx'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'verify-pack catches mismatched .idx and .pack files' \
+    'cat test-1-${packname_1}.idx >test-3.idx &&
+     cat test-2-${packname_2}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
-     fi &&
+     fi'
 
-     : PACK_SIGNATURE &&
-     cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=2 &&
-     if git-verify-pack test-3.idx
+test_expect_success \
+    'verify-pack catches a corrupted pack signature' \
+    'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=2 &&
+     if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
-     fi &&
+     fi'
 
-     : PACK_VERSION &&
-     cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=7 &&
-     if git-verify-pack test-3.idx
+test_expect_success \
+    'verify-pack catches a corrupted pack version' \
+    'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=7 &&
+     if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
-     fi &&
+     fi'
 
-     : TYPE/SIZE byte of the first packed object data &&
-     cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=12 &&
-     if git-verify-pack test-3.idx
+test_expect_success \
+    'verify-pack catches a corrupted type/size of the 1st packed object data' \
+    'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=12 &&
+     if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
-     fi &&
+     fi'
 
-     : sum of the index file itself &&
-     l=`wc -c <test-3.idx` &&
+test_expect_success \
+    'verify-pack catches a corrupted sum of the index file itself' \
+    'l=`wc -c <test-3.idx` &&
      l=`expr $l - 20` &&
-     cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.idx count=20 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$l &&
-     if git-verify-pack test-3.pack
+     cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     printf "%20s" "" | dd of=test-3.idx count=20 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$l &&
+     if git verify-pack test-3.pack
      then false
      else :;
-     fi &&
-
-     :'
+     fi'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'build pack index for an existing pack' \
-    'cp test-1-${packname_1}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     git-index-pack -o tmp.idx test-3.pack &&
+    'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack -o tmp.idx test-3.pack &&
      cmp tmp.idx test-1-${packname_1}.idx &&
 
-     git-index-pack test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack test-3.pack &&
      cmp test-3.idx test-1-${packname_1}.idx &&
 
-     cp test-2-${packname_2}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     git-index-pack -o tmp.idx test-2-${packname_2}.pack &&
+     cat test-2-${packname_2}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack -o tmp.idx test-2-${packname_2}.pack &&
      cmp tmp.idx test-2-${packname_2}.idx &&
 
-     git-index-pack test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack test-3.pack &&
      cmp test-3.idx test-2-${packname_2}.idx &&
 
-     cp test-3-${packname_3}.pack test-3.pack &&
-     git-index-pack -o tmp.idx test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+     cat test-3-${packname_3}.pack >test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack -o tmp.idx test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
      cmp tmp.idx test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
 
-     git-index-pack test-3.pack &&
+     git index-pack test-3.pack &&
      cmp test-3.idx test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
 
      :'
@@ -262,8 +286,116 @@ test_expect_success \
      cp -f	.git/objects/9d/235ed07cd19811a6ceb342de82f190e49c9f68 \
 		.git/objects/c8/2de19312b6c3695c0c18f70709a6c535682a67'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'make sure index-pack detects the SHA1 collision' \
-    'git-index-pack -o bad.idx test-3.pack'
+    'test_must_fail git index-pack -o bad.idx test-3.pack 2>msg &&
+     grep "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND" msg'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'honor pack.packSizeLimit' \
+    'git config pack.packSizeLimit 200 &&
+     packname_4=$(git pack-objects test-4 <obj-list) &&
+     test 3 = $(ls test-4-*.pack | wc -l)'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpacking with --strict' '
+
+	git config --unset pack.packsizelimit &&
+	for j in a b c d e f g
+	do
+		for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			o=$(echo $j$i | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+			echo "100644 $o	0 $j$i"
+		done
+	done >LIST &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git update-index --index-info <LIST &&
+	LIST=$(git write-tree) &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	head -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
+	LI=$(git write-tree) &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	tail -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
+	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
+	PACK5=$( git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | \
+		git pack-objects test-5 ) &&
+	PACK6=$( (
+			echo "$LIST"
+			echo "$LI"
+			echo "$ST"
+		 ) | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
+	test_create_repo test-5 &&
+	(
+		cd test-5 &&
+		git unpack-objects --strict <../test-5-$PACK5.pack &&
+		git ls-tree -r $LIST &&
+		git ls-tree -r $LI &&
+		git ls-tree -r $ST
+	) &&
+	test_create_repo test-6 &&
+	(
+		# tree-only into empty repo -- many unreachables
+		cd test-6 &&
+		test_must_fail git unpack-objects --strict <../test-6-$PACK6.pack
+	) &&
+	(
+		# already populated -- no unreachables
+		cd test-5 &&
+		git unpack-objects --strict <../test-6-$PACK6.pack
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack with --strict' '
+
+	for j in a b c d e f g
+	do
+		for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			o=$(echo $j$i | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+			echo "100644 $o	0 $j$i"
+		done
+	done >LIST &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git update-index --index-info <LIST &&
+	LIST=$(git write-tree) &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	head -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
+	LI=$(git write-tree) &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	tail -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
+	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
+	PACK5=$( git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | \
+		git pack-objects test-5 ) &&
+	PACK6=$( (
+			echo "$LIST"
+			echo "$LI"
+			echo "$ST"
+		 ) | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
+	test_create_repo test-7 &&
+	(
+		cd test-7 &&
+		git index-pack --strict --stdin <../test-5-$PACK5.pack &&
+		git ls-tree -r $LIST &&
+		git ls-tree -r $LI &&
+		git ls-tree -r $ST
+	) &&
+	test_create_repo test-8 &&
+	(
+		# tree-only into empty repo -- many unreachables
+		cd test-8 &&
+		test_must_fail git index-pack --strict --stdin <../test-6-$PACK6.pack
+	) &&
+	(
+		# already populated -- no unreachables
+		cd test-7 &&
+		git index-pack --strict --stdin <../test-6-$PACK6.pack
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tolerate absurdly small packsizelimit' '
+	git config pack.packSizeLimit 2 &&
+	packname_9=$(git pack-objects test-9 <obj-list) &&
+	test $(wc -l <obj-list) = $(ls test-9-*.pack | wc -l)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
index a6dbb04a86..0a24e61ff9 100755
--- a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
+++ b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
@@ -12,49 +12,49 @@ test_expect_success \
      for i in a b c
      do
          echo $i >$i &&
-         dd if=/dev/urandom bs=32k count=1 >>$i &&
-         git-update-index --add $i || return 1
+         test-genrandom "$i" 32768 >>$i &&
+         git update-index --add $i || return 1
      done &&
-     echo d >d && cat c >>d && git-update-index --add d &&
-     tree=`git-write-tree` &&
-     commit1=`git-commit-tree $tree </dev/null` &&
-     git-update-ref HEAD $commit1 &&
-     git-repack -a -d &&
-     test "`git-count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
+     echo d >d && cat c >>d && git update-index --add d &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
+     commit1=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` &&
+     git update-ref HEAD $commit1 &&
+     git repack -a -d &&
+     test "`git count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
      pack1=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack` &&
      test -f "$pack1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack -v, defaults' \
-    'git-verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
+    'git verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack -v, packedGitWindowSize == 1 page' \
-    'git-config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
-     git-verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
+    'git config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
+     git verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack -v, packedGit{WindowSize,Limit} == 1 page' \
-    'git-config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
-     git-config core.packedGitLimit 512 &&
-     git-verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
+    'git config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
+     git config core.packedGitLimit 512 &&
+     git verify-pack -v "$pack1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'repack -a -d, packedGit{WindowSize,Limit} == 1 page' \
-    'git-config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
-     git-config core.packedGitLimit 512 &&
-     commit2=`git-commit-tree $tree -p $commit1 </dev/null` &&
-     git-update-ref HEAD $commit2 &&
-     git-repack -a -d &&
-     test "`git-count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
+    'git config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
+     git config core.packedGitLimit 512 &&
+     commit2=`git commit-tree $tree -p $commit1 </dev/null` &&
+     git update-ref HEAD $commit2 &&
+     git repack -a -d &&
+     test "`git count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
      pack2=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack` &&
      test -f "$pack2"
      test "$pack1" \!= "$pack2"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack -v, defaults' \
-    'git-config --unset core.packedGitWindowSize &&
-     git-config --unset core.packedGitLimit &&
-     git-verify-pack -v "$pack2"'
+    'git config --unset core.packedGitWindowSize &&
+     git config --unset core.packedGitLimit &&
+     git verify-pack -v "$pack2"'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4360e77d31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Nicolas Pitre
+#
+
+test_description='pack index with 64-bit offsets and object CRC'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'setup' \
+    'rm -rf .git
+     git init &&
+     git config pack.threads 1 &&
+     i=1 &&
+     while test $i -le 100
+     do
+         iii=`printf '%03i' $i`
+         test-genrandom "bar" 200 > wide_delta_$iii &&
+         test-genrandom "baz $iii" 50 >> wide_delta_$iii &&
+         test-genrandom "foo"$i 100 > deep_delta_$iii &&
+         test-genrandom "foo"`expr $i + 1` 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
+         test-genrandom "foo"`expr $i + 2` 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
+         echo $iii >file_$iii &&
+         test-genrandom "$iii" 8192 >>file_$iii &&
+         git update-index --add file_$iii deep_delta_$iii wide_delta_$iii &&
+         i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+     done &&
+     { echo 101 && test-genrandom 100 8192; } >file_101 &&
+     git update-index --add file_101 &&
+     tree=`git write-tree` &&
+     commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
+	 echo $tree &&
+	 git ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
+     } >obj-list &&
+     git update-ref HEAD $commit'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'pack-objects with index version 1' \
+    'pack1=$(git pack-objects --index-version=1 test-1 <obj-list) &&
+     git verify-pack -v "test-1-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'pack-objects with index version 2' \
+    'pack2=$(git pack-objects --index-version=2 test-2 <obj-list) &&
+     git verify-pack -v "test-2-${pack2}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'both packs should be identical' \
+    'cmp "test-1-${pack1}.pack" "test-2-${pack2}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'index v1 and index v2 should be different' \
+    '! cmp "test-1-${pack1}.idx" "test-2-${pack2}.idx"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'index-pack with index version 1' \
+    'git index-pack --index-version=1 -o 1.idx "test-1-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'index-pack with index version 2' \
+    'git index-pack --index-version=2 -o 2.idx "test-1-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'index-pack results should match pack-objects ones' \
+    'cmp "test-1-${pack1}.idx" "1.idx" &&
+     cmp "test-2-${pack2}.idx" "2.idx"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'index v2: force some 64-bit offsets with pack-objects' \
+    'pack3=$(git pack-objects --index-version=2,0x40000 test-3 <obj-list)'
+
+if msg=$(git verify-pack -v "test-3-${pack3}.pack" 2>&1) ||
+	! (echo "$msg" | grep "pack too large .* off_t")
+then
+	test_set_prereq OFF64_T
+else
+	say "skipping tests concerning 64-bit offsets"
+fi
+
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
+    'index v2: verify a pack with some 64-bit offsets' \
+    'git verify-pack -v "test-3-${pack3}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
+    '64-bit offsets: should be different from previous index v2 results' \
+    '! cmp "test-2-${pack2}.idx" "test-3-${pack3}.idx"'
+
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
+    'index v2: force some 64-bit offsets with index-pack' \
+    'git index-pack --index-version=2,0x40000 -o 3.idx "test-1-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
+    '64-bit offsets: index-pack result should match pack-objects one' \
+    'cmp "test-3-${pack3}.idx" "3.idx"'
+
+# returns the object number for given object in given pack index
+index_obj_nr()
+{
+    idx_file=$1
+    object_sha1=$2
+    nr=0
+    git show-index < $idx_file |
+    while read offs sha1 extra
+    do
+      nr=$(($nr + 1))
+      test "$sha1" = "$object_sha1" || continue
+      echo "$(($nr - 1))"
+      break
+    done
+}
+
+# returns the pack offset for given object as found in given pack index
+index_obj_offset()
+{
+    idx_file=$1
+    object_sha1=$2
+    git show-index < $idx_file | grep $object_sha1 |
+    ( read offs extra && echo "$offs" )
+}
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 1) stream pack to repository' \
+    'git index-pack --index-version=1 --stdin < "test-1-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git count-objects | ( read nr rest && test "$nr" -eq 1 ) &&
+     cmp "test-1-${pack1}.pack" ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     cmp "test-1-${pack1}.idx"  ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 2) create a stealth corruption in a delta base reference' \
+    '# This test assumes file_101 is a delta smaller than 16 bytes.
+     # It should be against file_100 but we substitute its base for file_099
+     sha1_101=`git hash-object file_101` &&
+     sha1_099=`git hash-object file_099` &&
+     offs_101=`index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101` &&
+     nr_099=`index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099` &&
+     chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" seek=$(($offs_101 + 1)) \
+        if=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" \
+        skip=$((4 + 256 * 4 + $nr_099 * 24)) \
+        bs=1 count=20 conv=notrunc &&
+     git cat-file blob $sha1_101 > file_101_foo1'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 3) corrupted delta happily returned wrong data' \
+    'test -f file_101_foo1 && ! cmp file_101 file_101_foo1'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 4) confirm that the pack is actually corrupted' \
+    'test_must_fail git fsck --full $commit'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 5) pack-objects happily reuses corrupted data' \
+    'pack4=$(git pack-objects test-4 <obj-list) &&
+     test -f "test-4-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v1] 6) newly created pack is BAD !' \
+    'test_must_fail git verify-pack -v "test-4-${pack1}.pack"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 1) stream pack to repository' \
+    'rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+     git index-pack --index-version=2 --stdin < "test-1-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git count-objects | ( read nr rest && test "$nr" -eq 1 ) &&
+     cmp "test-1-${pack1}.pack" ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     cmp "test-2-${pack1}.idx"  ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 2) create a stealth corruption in a delta base reference' \
+    '# This test assumes file_101 is a delta smaller than 16 bytes.
+     # It should be against file_100 but we substitute its base for file_099
+     sha1_101=`git hash-object file_101` &&
+     sha1_099=`git hash-object file_099` &&
+     offs_101=`index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101` &&
+     nr_099=`index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099` &&
+     chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" seek=$(($offs_101 + 1)) \
+        if=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" \
+        skip=$((8 + 256 * 4 + $nr_099 * 20)) \
+        bs=1 count=20 conv=notrunc &&
+     git cat-file blob $sha1_101 > file_101_foo2'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 3) corrupted delta happily returned wrong data' \
+    'test -f file_101_foo2 && ! cmp file_101 file_101_foo2'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 4) confirm that the pack is actually corrupted' \
+    'test_must_fail git fsck --full $commit'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 5) pack-objects refuses to reuse corrupted data' \
+    'test_must_fail git pack-objects test-5 <obj-list &&
+     test_must_fail git pack-objects --no-reuse-object test-6 <obj-list'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '[index v2] 6) verify-pack detects CRC mismatch' \
+    'rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+     git index-pack --index-version=2 --stdin < "test-1-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     git verify-pack ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
+     obj=`git hash-object file_001` &&
+     nr=`index_obj_nr ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" $obj` &&
+     chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" &&
+     printf xxxx | dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" conv=notrunc \
+        bs=1 count=4 seek=$((8 + 256 * 4 + `wc -l <obj-list` * 20 + $nr * 4)) &&
+     ( while read obj
+       do git cat-file -p $obj >/dev/null || exit 1
+       done <obj-list ) &&
+     err=$(test_must_fail git verify-pack \
+       ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" 2>&1) &&
+     echo "$err" | grep "CRC mismatch"'
+
+test_expect_success 'running index-pack in the object store' '
+    rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+    cp test-1-${pack1}.pack .git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack &&
+    (
+	cd .git/objects/pack
+	git index-pack pack-${pack1}.pack
+    ) &&
+    test -f .git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5132d41309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Nicolas Pitre
+#
+
+test_description='resilience to pack corruptions with redundant objects'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Note: the test objects are created with knowledge of their pack encoding
+# to ensure good code path coverage, and to facilitate direct alteration
+# later on.  The assumed characteristics are:
+#
+# 1) blob_2 is a delta with blob_1 for base and blob_3 is a delta with blob2
+#    for base, such that blob_3 delta depth is 2;
+#
+# 2) the bulk of object data is uncompressible so the text part remains
+#    visible;
+#
+# 3) object header is always 2 bytes.
+
+create_test_files() {
+    test-genrandom "foo" 2000 > file_1 &&
+    test-genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_2 &&
+    test-genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_3 &&
+    echo " base " >> file_1 &&
+    echo " delta1 " >> file_2 &&
+    echo " delta delta2 " >> file_3 &&
+    test-genrandom "bar" 150 >> file_2 &&
+    test-genrandom "baz" 100 >> file_3
+}
+
+create_new_pack() {
+    rm -rf .git &&
+    git init &&
+    blob_1=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_1` &&
+    blob_2=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_2` &&
+    blob_3=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_3` &&
+    pack=`printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
+          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack` &&
+    pack=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack}" &&
+    git verify-pack -v ${pack}.pack
+}
+
+do_repack() {
+    pack=`printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
+          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack` &&
+    pack=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack}"
+}
+
+do_corrupt_object() {
+    ofs=`git show-index < ${pack}.idx | grep $1 | cut -f1 -d" "` &&
+    ofs=$(($ofs + $2)) &&
+    chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
+    dd of=${pack}.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$ofs &&
+    test_must_fail git verify-pack ${pack}.pack
+}
+
+printf '\0' > zero
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'initial setup validation' \
+    'create_test_files &&
+     create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create corruption in header of first object' \
+    'do_corrupt_object $blob_1 0 < zero &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_1 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and loose copy of first delta allows for partial recovery' \
+    'git prune-packed &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create corruption in data of first object' \
+    'create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
+     perl -i.bak -pe "s/ base /abcdef/" ${pack}.pack &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_1 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and loose copy of second object allows for partial recovery' \
+    'git prune-packed &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create corruption in header of first delta' \
+    'create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 0 < zero &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and then a repack "clears" the corruption' \
+    'do_repack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git verify-pack ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create corruption in data of first delta' \
+    'create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
+     perl -i.bak -pe "s/ delta1 /abcdefgh/" ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and then a repack "clears" the corruption' \
+    'do_repack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git verify-pack ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'corruption in delta base reference of first delta (OBJ_REF_DELTA)' \
+    'create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and then a repack "clears" the corruption' \
+    'do_repack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git verify-pack ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'corruption #0 in delta base reference of first delta (OBJ_OFS_DELTA)' \
+    'create_new_pack --delta-base-offset &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and then a repack "clears" the corruption' \
+    'do_repack --delta-base-offset &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git verify-pack ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'corruption #1 in delta base reference of first delta (OBJ_OFS_DELTA)' \
+    'create_new_pack --delta-base-offset &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     printf "\001" | do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... but having a loose copy allows for full recovery' \
+    'mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and then a repack "clears" the corruption' \
+    'do_repack --delta-base-offset &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     git verify-pack ${pack}.pack &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '... and a redundant pack allows for full recovery too' \
+    'do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null &&
+     mv ${pack}.idx tmp &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_1 &&
+     git hash-object -t blob -w file_2 &&
+     printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n" | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     mv tmp ${pack}.idx &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5304-prune.sh b/t/t5304-prune.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..55ed7c7935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5304-prune.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='prune'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	: > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git gc
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune stale packs' '
+
+	orig_pack=$(echo .git/objects/pack/*.pack) &&
+	: > .git/objects/tmp_1.pack &&
+	: > .git/objects/tmp_2.pack &&
+	test-chmtime =-86501 .git/objects/tmp_1.pack &&
+	git prune --expire 1.day &&
+	test -f $orig_pack &&
+	test -f .git/objects/tmp_2.pack &&
+	! test -f .git/objects/tmp_1.pack
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune --expire' '
+
+	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	BLOB=$(echo aleph | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git prune --expire=1.hour.ago &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =-86500 $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git prune --expire 1.day &&
+	test $before = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	! test -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc: implicit prune --expire' '
+
+	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((86400*14-30)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((86400*14+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc &&
+	test $before = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	! test -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc: refuse to start with invalid gc.pruneExpire' '
+
+	git config gc.pruneExpire invalid &&
+	test_must_fail git gc
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc: start with ok gc.pruneExpire' '
+
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 2.days.ago &&
+	git gc
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: prune nonsense parameters' '
+
+	test_must_fail git prune garbage &&
+	test_must_fail git prune --- &&
+	test_must_fail git prune --no-such-option
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: prune unreachable heads' '
+
+	git config core.logAllRefUpdates false &&
+	mv .git/logs .git/logs.old &&
+	: > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m temporary &&
+	tmp_head=$(git rev-list -1 HEAD) &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git prune &&
+	test_must_fail git reset $tmp_head --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: do not prune heads listed as an argument' '
+
+	: > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m temporary &&
+	tmp_head=$(git rev-list -1 HEAD) &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git prune -- $tmp_head &&
+	git reset $tmp_head --
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc --no-prune' '
+
+	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((86400*5001)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 2.days.ago &&
+	git gc --no-prune &&
+	test 1 = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc respects gc.pruneExpire' '
+
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 5002.days.ago &&
+	git gc &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 5000.days.ago &&
+	git gc &&
+	test ! -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc --prune=<date>' '
+
+	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((86400*5001)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc --prune=5002.days.ago &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc --prune=5000.days.ago &&
+	test ! -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5305-include-tag.sh b/t/t5305-include-tag.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b061864a87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5305-include-tag.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git pack-object --include-tag'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+TRASH=`pwd`
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo c >d &&
+	git update-index --add d &&
+	tree=`git write-tree` &&
+	commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` &&
+	echo "object $commit" >sig &&
+	echo "type commit" >>sig &&
+	echo "tag mytag" >>sig &&
+	echo "tagger $(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT)" >>sig &&
+	echo >>sig &&
+	echo "our test tag" >>sig &&
+	tag=`git mktag <sig` &&
+	rm d sig &&
+	git update-ref refs/tags/mytag $tag && {
+		echo $tree &&
+		echo $commit &&
+		git ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
+	} >obj-list
+'
+
+rm -rf clone.git
+test_expect_success 'pack without --include-tag' '
+	packname_1=$(git pack-objects \
+		--window=0 \
+		test-1 <obj-list)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
+	(
+		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		git init &&
+		git unpack-objects -n <test-1-${packname_1}.pack &&
+		git unpack-objects <test-1-${packname_1}.pack
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have commit, no tag)' '
+	git rev-list --objects $commit >list.expect &&
+	(
+		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file -e $tag &&
+		git rev-list --objects $commit
+	) >list.actual &&
+	test_cmp list.expect list.actual
+'
+
+rm -rf clone.git
+test_expect_success 'pack with --include-tag' '
+	packname_1=$(git pack-objects \
+		--window=0 \
+		--include-tag \
+		test-2 <obj-list)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
+	(
+		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		git init &&
+		git unpack-objects -n <test-2-${packname_1}.pack &&
+		git unpack-objects <test-2-${packname_1}.pack
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have commit, have tag)' '
+	git rev-list --objects mytag >list.expect &&
+	(
+		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		git rev-list --objects $tag
+	) >list.actual &&
+	test_cmp list.expect list.actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5306-pack-nobase.sh b/t/t5306-pack-nobase.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f4931c0c2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5306-pack-nobase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Google Inc.
+#
+
+test_description='git-pack-object with missing base
+
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Create A-B chain
+#
+test_expect_success \
+    'setup base' \
+    'for a in a b c d e f g h i; do echo $a >>text; done &&
+     echo side >side &&
+     git update-index --add text side &&
+     A=$(echo A | git commit-tree $(git write-tree)) &&
+
+     echo m >>text &&
+     git update-index text &&
+     B=$(echo B | git commit-tree $(git write-tree) -p $A) &&
+     git update-ref HEAD $B
+    '
+
+# Create repository with C whose parent is B.
+# Repository contains C, C^{tree}, C:text, B, B^{tree}.
+# Repository is missing B:text (best delta base for C:text).
+# Repository is missing A (parent of B).
+# Repository is missing A:side.
+#
+test_expect_success \
+    'setup patch_clone' \
+    'base_objects=$(pwd)/.git/objects &&
+     (mkdir patch_clone &&
+      cd patch_clone &&
+      git init &&
+      echo "$base_objects" >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+      echo q >>text &&
+      git read-tree $B &&
+      git update-index text &&
+      git update-ref HEAD $(echo C | git commit-tree $(git write-tree) -p $B) &&
+      rm .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+
+      git --git-dir=../.git cat-file commit $B |
+      git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin &&
+
+      git --git-dir=../.git cat-file tree "$B^{tree}" |
+      git hash-object -t tree -w --stdin
+     ) &&
+     C=$(git --git-dir=patch_clone/.git rev-parse HEAD)
+    '
+
+# Clone patch_clone indirectly by cloning base and fetching.
+#
+test_expect_success \
+    'indirectly clone patch_clone' \
+    '(mkdir user_clone &&
+      cd user_clone &&
+      git init &&
+      git pull ../.git &&
+      test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $B &&
+
+      git pull ../patch_clone/.git &&
+      test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $C
+     )
+    '
+
+# Cloning the patch_clone directly should fail.
+#
+test_expect_success \
+    'clone of patch_clone is incomplete' \
+    '(mkdir user_direct &&
+      cd user_direct &&
+      git init &&
+      test_must_fail git fetch ../patch_clone/.git
+     )
+    '
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh b/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ae52a1882d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pack should notice missing commit objects'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "$i" >"file$i" &&
+		git add "file$i" &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "$i" &&
+		git tag "tag$i"
+	done &&
+	obj=$(git rev-parse --verify tag3) &&
+	fanout=$(expr "$obj" : "\(..\)") &&
+	remainder=$(expr "$obj" : "..\(.*\)") &&
+	rm -f ".git/objects/$fanout/$remainder"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check corruption' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list notices corruption (1)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list notices corruption (2)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects notices corruption' '
+	echo HEAD |
+	test_must_fail git pack-objects --revs pack
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
index 477b267599..f2d5581b12 100755
--- a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	mkdir mozart mozart/is &&
 	echo "Commit #0" >mozart/is/pink &&
-	git-update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
-	tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	commit=$(echo "Commit #0" | git-commit-tree $tree) &&
+	git update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit=$(echo "Commit #0" | git commit-tree $tree) &&
 	zero=$commit &&
 	parent=$zero &&
 	i=0 &&
@@ -24,18 +24,16 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	    i=$(($i+1)) &&
 	    test_tick &&
 	    echo "Commit #$i" >mozart/is/pink &&
-	    git-update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
-	    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	    commit=$(echo "Commit #$i" | git-commit-tree $tree -p $parent) &&
-	    git-update-ref refs/tags/commit$i $commit &&
+	    git update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
+	    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	    commit=$(echo "Commit #$i" | git commit-tree $tree -p $parent) &&
+	    git update-ref refs/tags/commit$i $commit &&
 	    parent=$commit || return 1
 	done &&
-	git-update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
-	git-clone ./. victim &&
-	cd victim &&
-	git-log &&
-	cd .. &&
-	git-update-ref HEAD "$zero" &&
+	git update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
+	git clone ./. victim &&
+	( cd victim && git log ) &&
+	git update-ref HEAD "$zero" &&
 	parent=$zero &&
 	i=0 &&
 	while test $i -le $cnt
@@ -43,15 +41,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	    i=$(($i+1)) &&
 	    test_tick &&
 	    echo "Rebase #$i" >mozart/is/pink &&
-	    git-update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
-	    tree=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	    commit=$(echo "Rebase #$i" | git-commit-tree $tree -p $parent) &&
-	    git-update-ref refs/tags/rebase$i $commit &&
+	    git update-index --add mozart/is/pink &&
+	    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	    commit=$(echo "Rebase #$i" | git commit-tree $tree -p $parent) &&
+	    git update-ref refs/tags/rebase$i $commit &&
 	    parent=$commit || return 1
 	done &&
-	git-update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
+	git update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
 	echo Rebase &&
-	git-log'
+	git log'
 
 test_expect_success 'pack the source repository' '
 	git repack -a -d &&
@@ -59,58 +57,150 @@ test_expect_success 'pack the source repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pack the destination repository' '
+    (
 	cd victim &&
 	git repack -a -d &&
-	git prune &&
-	cd ..
+	git prune
+    )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse pushing rewound head without --force' '
+	pushed_head=$(git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	victim_orig=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack ./victim master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_head" = "$victim_orig" &&
+	# this should update
+	git send-pack --force ./victim master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_head" = "$pushed_head"
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
-        'pushing rewound head should not barf but require --force' ' 
-	# should not fail but refuse to update.
-	if git-send-pack ./victim/.git/ master
-	then
-		# now it should fail with Pasky patch
-		echo >&2 Gaah, it should have failed.
-		false
-	else
-		echo >&2 Thanks, it correctly failed.
-		true
-	fi &&
-	if cmp victim/.git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/master
+        'push can be used to delete a ref' '
+	( cd victim && git branch extra master ) &&
+	git send-pack ./victim :extra master &&
+	( cd victim &&
+	  test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify extra )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse deleting push with denyDeletes' '
+	(
+	    cd victim &&
+	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    git config receive.denyDeletes true &&
+	    git branch extra master
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack ./victim :extra master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'denyNonFastforwards trumps --force' '
+	(
+	    cd victim &&
+	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    git config receive.denyNonFastforwards true
+	) &&
+	victim_orig=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack --force ./victim master^:master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_orig" = "$victim_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --all excludes remote tracking hierarchy' '
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    git init && : >file && git add file && git commit -m add
+	) &&
+	git clone parent child &&
+	(
+	    cd child && git push --all
+	) &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    test -z "$(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin)"
+	)
+'
+
+rewound_push_setup() {
+	rm -rf parent child &&
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    git init &&
+	    echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
+	    echo two >file && git commit -a -m two
+	) &&
+	git clone parent child &&
+	(
+	    cd child && git reset --hard HEAD^
+	)
+}
+
+rewound_push_succeeded() {
+	cmp ../parent/.git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/master
+}
+
+rewound_push_failed() {
+	if rewound_push_succeeded
 	then
-		# should have been left as it was!
 		false
 	else
 		true
-	fi &&
-	# this should update
-	git-send-pack --force ./victim/.git/ master &&
-	cmp victim/.git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/master
-'
+	fi
+}
 
-test_expect_success \
-        'push can be used to delete a ref' '
-	cd victim &&
-	git branch extra master &&
-	cd .. &&
-	test -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra &&
-	git-send-pack ./victim/.git/ :extra master &&
-	! test -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra
+test_expect_success 'pushing explicit refspecs respects forcing' '
+	rewound_push_setup &&
+	parent_orig=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    test_must_fail git send-pack ../parent \
+		refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_orig" = "$parent_head" &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent \
+	        +refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
 '
 
-unset GIT_CONFIG GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL
-HOME=`pwd`/no-such-directory
-export HOME ;# this way we force the victim/.git/config to be used.
+test_expect_success 'pushing wildcard refspecs respects forcing' '
+	rewound_push_setup &&
+	parent_orig=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    test_must_fail git send-pack ../parent \
+	        "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*"
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_orig" = "$parent_head" &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent \
+	        "+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*"
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-        'pushing with --force should be denied with denyNonFastforwards' '
-	cd victim &&
-	git-config receive.denyNonFastforwards true &&
-	cd .. &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/master master^ || return 1
-	git-send-pack --force ./victim/.git/ master && return 1
-	! git diff .git/refs/heads/master victim/.git/refs/heads/master
+test_expect_success 'warn pushing to delete current branch' '
+	rewound_push_setup &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent :refs/heads/master 2>errs
+	) &&
+	grep "warning: to refuse deleting" child/errs &&
+	(
+		cd parent &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify master
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh b/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
index f1c7ff0c0a..64f66c94f3 100755
--- a/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
+++ b/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
@@ -8,24 +8,24 @@ test_description='Test the update hook infrastructure.'
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo This is a test. >a &&
-	git-update-index --add a &&
-	tree0=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	commit0=$(echo setup | git-commit-tree $tree0) &&
+	git update-index --add a &&
+	tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit0=$(echo setup | git commit-tree $tree0) &&
 	echo We hope it works. >a &&
-	git-update-index a &&
-	tree1=$(git-write-tree) &&
-	commit1=$(echo modify | git-commit-tree $tree1 -p $commit0) &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit1 &&
-	git-clone ./. victim &&
-	GIT_DIR=victim/.git git-update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit1 &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/master $commit1 &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit0
+	git update-index a &&
+	tree1=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit1=$(echo modify | git commit-tree $tree1 -p $commit0) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit1 &&
+	git clone ./. victim &&
+	GIT_DIR=victim/.git git update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit1 &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit1 &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/tofail $commit0
 '
 
 cat >victim/.git/hooks/pre-receive <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
-printf "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/pre-receive.args
+printf %s "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/pre-receive.args
 cat - >$GIT_DIR/pre-receive.stdin
 echo STDOUT pre-receive
 echo STDERR pre-receive >&2
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ chmod u+x victim/.git/hooks/pre-receive
 cat >victim/.git/hooks/update <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
 echo "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/update.args
-read x; printf "$x" >$GIT_DIR/update.stdin
+read x; printf %s "$x" >$GIT_DIR/update.stdin
 echo STDOUT update $1
 echo STDERR update $1 >&2
 test "$1" = refs/heads/master || exit
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ chmod u+x victim/.git/hooks/update
 
 cat >victim/.git/hooks/post-receive <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
-printf "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/post-receive.args
+printf %s "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/post-receive.args
 cat - >$GIT_DIR/post-receive.stdin
 echo STDOUT post-receive
 echo STDERR post-receive >&2
@@ -54,19 +54,20 @@ chmod u+x victim/.git/hooks/post-receive
 cat >victim/.git/hooks/post-update <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
 echo "$@" >>$GIT_DIR/post-update.args
-read x; printf "$x" >$GIT_DIR/post-update.stdin
+read x; printf %s "$x" >$GIT_DIR/post-update.stdin
 echo STDOUT post-update
 echo STDERR post-update >&2
 EOF
 chmod u+x victim/.git/hooks/post-update
 
-test_expect_failure push '
-	git-send-pack --force ./victim/.git master tofail >send.out 2>send.err
+test_expect_success push '
+	test_must_fail git send-pack --force ./victim/.git \
+		master tofail >send.out 2>send.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'updated as expected' '
-	test $(GIT_DIR=victim/.git git-rev-parse master) = $commit1 &&
-	test $(GIT_DIR=victim/.git git-rev-parse tofail) = $commit1
+	test $(GIT_DIR=victim/.git git rev-parse master) = $commit1 &&
+	test $(GIT_DIR=victim/.git git rev-parse tofail) = $commit1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'hooks ran' '
@@ -83,23 +84,23 @@ test_expect_success 'hooks ran' '
 test_expect_success 'pre-receive hook input' '
 	(echo $commit0 $commit1 refs/heads/master;
 	 echo $commit1 $commit0 refs/heads/tofail
-	) | git diff - victim/.git/pre-receive.stdin
+	) | test_cmp - victim/.git/pre-receive.stdin
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update hook arguments' '
 	(echo refs/heads/master $commit0 $commit1;
 	 echo refs/heads/tofail $commit1 $commit0
-	) | git diff - victim/.git/update.args
+	) | test_cmp - victim/.git/update.args
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'post-receive hook input' '
 	echo $commit0 $commit1 refs/heads/master |
-	git diff - victim/.git/post-receive.stdin
+	test_cmp - victim/.git/post-receive.stdin
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'post-update hook arguments' '
 	echo refs/heads/master |
-	git diff - victim/.git/post-update.args
+	test_cmp - victim/.git/post-update.args
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'all hook stdin is /dev/null' '
@@ -112,8 +113,8 @@ test_expect_success 'all *-receive hook args are empty' '
 	! test -s victim/.git/post-receive.args
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'send-pack produced no output' '
-	test -s send.out
+test_expect_success 'send-pack produced no output' '
+	! test -s send.out
 '
 
 cat <<EOF >expect
@@ -129,8 +130,8 @@ STDOUT post-update
 STDERR post-update
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'send-pack stderr contains hook messages' '
-	egrep ^STD send.err >actual &&
-	git diff - actual <expect
+	grep ^STD send.err >actual &&
+	test_cmp - actual <expect
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5402-post-merge-hook.sh b/t/t5402-post-merge-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6eb2ffd6ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5402-post-merge-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Josh England
+#
+
+test_description='Test the post-merge hook.'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo Data for commit0. >a &&
+	git update-index --add a &&
+	tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit0=$(echo setup | git commit-tree $tree0) &&
+	echo Changed data for commit1. >a &&
+	git update-index a &&
+	tree1=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit1=$(echo modify | git commit-tree $tree1 -p $commit0) &&
+        git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
+	git clone ./. clone1 &&
+	GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git update-index --add a &&
+	git clone ./. clone2 &&
+	GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git update-index --add a
+'
+
+for clone in 1 2; do
+    cat >clone${clone}/.git/hooks/post-merge <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo $@ >> $GIT_DIR/post-merge.args
+EOF
+    chmod u+x clone${clone}/.git/hooks/post-merge
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'post-merge does not run for up-to-date ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git merge $commit0 &&
+	! test -f clone1/.git/post-merge.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-merge runs as expected ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git merge $commit1 &&
+	test -e clone1/.git/post-merge.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-merge from normal merge receives the right argument ' '
+        grep 0 clone1/.git/post-merge.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-merge from squash merge runs as expected ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git merge --squash $commit1 &&
+	test -e clone2/.git/post-merge.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-merge from squash merge receives the right argument ' '
+        grep 1 clone2/.git/post-merge.args
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh b/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5858b868ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Josh England
+#
+
+test_description='Test the post-checkout hook.'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	 echo Data for commit0. >a &&
+	 echo Data for commit0. >b &&
+	 git update-index --add a &&
+	 git update-index --add b &&
+	 tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
+	 commit0=$(echo setup | git commit-tree $tree0) &&
+        git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
+	 git clone ./. clone1 &&
+	 git clone ./. clone2 &&
+        GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git branch -a new2 &&
+        echo Data for commit1. >clone2/b &&
+	 GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git add clone2/b &&
+	 GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git commit -m new2
+'
+
+for clone in 1 2; do
+    cat >clone${clone}/.git/hooks/post-checkout <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo $@ > $GIT_DIR/post-checkout.args
+EOF
+    chmod u+x clone${clone}/.git/hooks/post-checkout
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout runs as expected ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git checkout master &&
+        test -e clone1/.git/post-checkout.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout receives the right arguments with HEAD unchanged ' '
+        old=$(awk "{print \$1}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        new=$(awk "{print \$2}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        flag=$(awk "{print \$3}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        test $old = $new -a $flag = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout runs as expected ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git checkout master &&
+        test -e clone1/.git/post-checkout.args
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout args are correct with git checkout -b ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone1/.git git checkout -b new1 &&
+        old=$(awk "{print \$1}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        new=$(awk "{print \$2}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        flag=$(awk "{print \$3}" clone1/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        test $old = $new -a $flag = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout receives the right args with HEAD changed ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git checkout new2 &&
+        old=$(awk "{print \$1}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        new=$(awk "{print \$2}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        flag=$(awk "{print \$3}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        test $old != $new -a $flag = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout receives the right args when not switching branches ' '
+        GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git checkout master b &&
+        old=$(awk "{print \$1}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        new=$(awk "{print \$2}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        flag=$(awk "{print \$3}" clone2/.git/post-checkout.args) &&
+        test $old = $new -a $flag = 0
+'
+
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = true; then
+mkdir -p templates/hooks
+cat >templates/hooks/post-checkout <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo $@ > $GIT_DIR/post-checkout.args
+EOF
+chmod +x templates/hooks/post-checkout
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout hook is triggered by clone' '
+	git clone --template=templates . clone3 &&
+	test -f clone3/.git/post-checkout.args
+'
+fi
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c24003565d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='tracking branch update checks for git push'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m 1 &&
+	git branch b1 &&
+	git branch b2 &&
+	git branch b3 &&
+	git clone . aa &&
+	git checkout b1 &&
+	echo b1 >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m b1 &&
+	git checkout b2 &&
+	echo b2 >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m b2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare pushable branches' '
+	cd aa &&
+	b1=$(git rev-parse origin/b1) &&
+	b2=$(git rev-parse origin/b2) &&
+	git checkout -b b1 origin/b1 &&
+	echo aa-b1 >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m aa-b1 &&
+	git checkout -b b2 origin/b2 &&
+	echo aa-b2 >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m aa-b2 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo aa-master >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m aa-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mixed-success push returns error' '
+	test_must_fail git push
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check tracking branches updated correctly after push' '
+	test "$(git rev-parse origin/master)" = "$(git rev-parse master)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check tracking branches not updated for failed refs' '
+	test "$(git rev-parse origin/b1)" = "$b1" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse origin/b2)" = "$b2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deleted branches have their tracking branches removed' '
+	git push origin :b1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse origin/b1)" = "origin/b1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'already deleted tracking branches ignored' '
+	git branch -d -r origin/b3 &&
+	git push origin :b3 >output 2>&1 &&
+	! grep error output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh b/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cb9aacc7bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='forced push to replace commit we do not have'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file1 && git add file1 && test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Initial &&
+
+	mkdir another && (
+		cd another &&
+		git init &&
+		git fetch --update-head-ok .. master:master
+	) &&
+
+	>file2 && git add file2 && test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non forced push should die not segfault' '
+
+	(
+		cd another &&
+		git push .. master:master
+		test $? = 1
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'forced push should succeed' '
+
+	(
+		cd another &&
+		git push .. +master:master
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh b/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..59e80a5ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='remote push rejects are reported by client'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir .git/hooks &&
+	(echo "#!/bin/sh" ; echo "exit 1") >.git/hooks/update &&
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/update &&
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m 1 &&
+	git clone . child &&
+	cd child &&
+	echo 2 >file &&
+	git commit -a -m 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push reports error' 'test_must_fail git push 2>stderr'
+
+test_expect_success 'individual ref reports error' 'grep rejected stderr'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index 48e3d1705f..a8c2ca2a78 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Johannes Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching
+test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching'
 
-'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 # Test fetch-pack/upload-pack pair.
@@ -13,77 +12,60 @@ test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching
 # Some convenience functions
 
 add () {
-	name=$1
-	text="$@"
-	branch=`echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'`
-	parents=""
+	name=$1 &&
+	text="$@" &&
+	branch=`echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'` &&
+	parents="" &&
 
-	shift
+	shift &&
 	while test $1; do
-		parents="$parents -p $1"
+		parents="$parents -p $1" &&
 		shift
-	done
+	done &&
 
-	echo "$text" > test.txt
-	git-update-index --add test.txt
-	tree=$(git-write-tree)
+	echo "$text" > test.txt &&
+	git update-index --add test.txt &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 	# make sure timestamps are in correct order
-	sec=$(($sec+1))
-	commit=$(echo "$text" | GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=$sec \
-		git-commit-tree $tree $parents 2>>log2.txt)
-	export $name=$commit
-	echo $commit > .git/refs/heads/$branch
+	test_tick &&
+	commit=$(echo "$text" | git commit-tree $tree $parents) &&
+	eval "$name=$commit; export $name" &&
+	echo $commit > .git/refs/heads/$branch &&
 	eval ${branch}TIP=$commit
 }
 
-count_objects () {
-	ls .git/objects/??/* 2>>log2.txt | wc -l | tr -d " "
-}
-
-test_expect_object_count () {
-	message=$1
-	count=$2
-
-	output="$(count_objects)"
-	test_expect_success \
-		"new object count $message" \
-		"test $count = $output"
-}
-
 pull_to_client () {
-	number=$1
-	heads=$2
-	count=$3
-	no_strict_count_check=$4
-
-	cd client
-	test_expect_success "$number pull" \
-		"git-fetch-pack -k -v .. $heads"
-	case "$heads" in *A*) echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A;; esac
-	case "$heads" in *B*) echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B;; esac
-	git-symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/`echo $heads | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'`
-
-	test_expect_success "fsck" 'git-fsck --full > fsck.txt 2>&1'
-
-	test_expect_success 'check downloaded results' \
-	'mv .git/objects/pack/pack-* . &&
-	 p=`ls -1 pack-*.pack` &&
-	 git-unpack-objects <$p &&
-	 git-fsck --full'
-
-	test_expect_success "new object count after $number pull" \
-	'idx=`echo pack-*.idx` &&
-	 pack_count=`git-show-index <$idx | wc -l` &&
-	 test $pack_count = $count'
-	test -z "$pack_count" && pack_count=0
-	if [ -z "$no_strict_count_check" ]; then
-		test_expect_success "minimal count" "test $count = $pack_count"
-	else
-		test $count != $pack_count && \
-			echo "WARNING: $pack_count objects transmitted, only $count of which were needed"
-	fi
-	rm -f pack-*
-	cd ..
+	number=$1 &&
+	heads=$2 &&
+	count=$3 &&
+	test_expect_success "$number pull" '
+		(
+			cd client &&
+			git fetch-pack -k -v .. $heads &&
+
+			case "$heads" in
+			    *A*)
+				    echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A;;
+			esac &&
+			case "$heads" in *B*)
+			    echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B;;
+			esac &&
+			git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/`echo $heads \
+				| sed -e "s/^\(.\).*$/\1/"` &&
+
+			git fsck --full &&
+
+			mv .git/objects/pack/pack-* . &&
+			p=`ls -1 pack-*.pack` &&
+			git unpack-objects <$p &&
+			git fsck --full &&
+
+			idx=`echo pack-*.idx` &&
+			pack_count=`git show-index <$idx | wc -l` &&
+			test $pack_count = $count &&
+			rm -f pack-*
+		)
+	'
 }
 
 # Here begins the actual testing
@@ -94,89 +76,129 @@ pull_to_client () {
 
 # client pulls A20, B1. Then tracks only B. Then pulls A.
 
-(
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir client &&
-	cd client &&
-	git-init 2>> log2.txt &&
-	git config transfer.unpacklimit 0
-)
-
-add A1
-
-prev=1; cur=2; while [ $cur -le 10 ]; do
-	add A$cur $(eval echo \$A$prev)
-	prev=$cur
-	cur=$(($cur+1))
-done
-
-add B1 $A1
-
-echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A
-echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B
-git-symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git init &&
+		git config transfer.unpacklimit 0
+	) &&
+	add A1 &&
+	prev=1 &&
+	cur=2 &&
+	while [ $cur -le 10 ]; do
+		add A$cur $(eval echo \$A$prev) &&
+		prev=$cur &&
+		cur=$(($cur+1))
+	done &&
+	add B1 $A1
+	echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A &&
+	echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
+'
 
 pull_to_client 1st "B A" $((11*3))
 
-add A11 $A10
-
-prev=1; cur=2; while [ $cur -le 65 ]; do
-	add B$cur $(eval echo \$B$prev)
-	prev=$cur
-	cur=$(($cur+1))
-done
+test_expect_success 'post 1st pull setup' '
+	add A11 $A10 &&
+	prev=1 &&
+	cur=2 &&
+	while [ $cur -le 65 ]; do
+		add B$cur $(eval echo \$B$prev) &&
+		prev=$cur &&
+		cur=$(($cur+1))
+	done
+'
 
 pull_to_client 2nd "B" $((64*3))
 
-pull_to_client 3rd "A" $((1*3)) # old fails
-
-test_expect_success "clone shallow" "git-clone --depth 2 . shallow"
+pull_to_client 3rd "A" $((1*3))
 
-(cd shallow; git-count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"in-pack: 18\" = \"$(grep in-pack count.shallow)\""
-
-count_output () {
-	sed -e '/^in-pack:/d' -e '/^packs:/d' -e '/: 0$/d' "$1"
-}
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow' '
+	git clone --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count (part 2)" '
-	test -z "$(count_output count.shallow)"
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^in-pack: 18" count.shallow
 '
 
-test_expect_success "fsck in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git-fsck --full)"
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count (part 2)' '
+	sed -e "/^in-pack:/d" -e "/^packs:/d" -e "/^size-pack:/d" \
+	    -e "/: 0$/d" count.shallow > count_output &&
+	! test -s count_output
+'
 
-#test_done; exit
+test_expect_success 'fsck in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
+'
 
-add B66 $B65
-add B67 $B66
+test_expect_success 'add two more' '
+	add B66 $B65 &&
+	add B67 $B66
+'
 
-test_expect_success "pull in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git pull .. B)"
+test_expect_success 'pull in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git pull .. B
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git-count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 6\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 6" count.shallow
+'
 
-add B68 $B67
-add B69 $B68
+test_expect_success 'add two more (part 2)' '
+	add B68 $B67 &&
+	add B69 $B68
+'
 
-test_expect_success "deepening pull in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git pull --depth 4 .. B)"
+test_expect_success 'deepening pull in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git pull --depth 4 .. B
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git-count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 12\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 12" count.shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_success "deepening fetch in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git fetch --depth 4 .. A:A)"
+test_expect_success 'deepening fetch in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --depth 4 .. A:A
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git-count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 18\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 18" count.shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_failure "pull in shallow repo with missing merge base" \
-	"(cd shallow; git pull --depth 4 .. A)"
+test_expect_success 'pull in shallow repo with missing merge base' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		test_must_fail git pull --depth 4 .. A
+	)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1037a723fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test quickfetch from local'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo ichi >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	cnt=$( (
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone without alternate' '
+
+	(
+		mkdir cloned &&
+		cd cloned &&
+		git init-db &&
+		git remote add -f origin ..
+	) &&
+	cnt=$( (
+		cd cloned &&
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'further commits in the original' '
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo ni >file &&
+	git commit -a -m second &&
+
+	cnt=$( (
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copy commit and tree but not blob by hand' '
+
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD |
+	git pack-objects --stdout |
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git unpack-objects
+	) &&
+
+	cnt=$( (
+		cd cloned &&
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 6
+
+	blob=$(git rev-parse HEAD:file | sed -e "s|..|&/|") &&
+	test -f "cloned/.git/objects/$blob" &&
+	rm -f "cloned/.git/objects/$blob" &&
+
+	cnt=$( (
+		cd cloned &&
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 5
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quickfetch should not leave a corrupted repository' '
+
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git fetch
+	) &&
+
+	cnt=$( (
+		cd cloned &&
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	test $cnt -eq 6
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quickfetch should not copy from alternate' '
+
+	(
+		mkdir quickclone &&
+		cd quickclone &&
+		git init-db &&
+		(cd ../.git/objects && pwd) >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		git remote add origin .. &&
+		git fetch -k -k
+	) &&
+	obj_cnt=$( (
+		cd quickclone &&
+		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
+	) ) &&
+	pck_cnt=$( (
+		cd quickclone &&
+		git count-objects -v | sed -n -e "/packs:/{
+				s/packs://
+				p
+				q
+			}"
+	) ) &&
+	origin_master=$( (
+		cd quickclone &&
+		git rev-parse origin/master
+	) ) &&
+	echo "loose objects: $obj_cnt, packfiles: $pck_cnt" &&
+	test $obj_cnt -eq 0 &&
+	test $pck_cnt -eq 0 &&
+	test z$origin_master = z$(git rev-parse master)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quickfetch should handle ~1000 refs (on Windows)' '
+
+	git gc &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	branchprefix="$head refs/heads/branch" &&
+	for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+		for j in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+			for k in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+				echo "$branchprefix$i$j$k" >> .git/packed-refs
+			done
+		done
+	done &&
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git fetch
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d5db75d826
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test automatic tag following'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	say "GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK not supported - skipping tests"
+	test_done
+esac
+
+# End state of the repository:
+#
+#         T - tag1          S - tag2
+#        /                 /
+#   L - A ------ O ------ B
+#    \   \                 \
+#     \   C - origin/cat    \
+#      origin/master         master
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo ichi >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m L &&
+	L=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+
+	(
+		mkdir cloned &&
+		cd cloned &&
+		git init-db &&
+		git remote add -f origin ..
+	) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo A >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m A &&
+	A=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+U=UPLOAD_LOG
+
+cat - <<EOF >expect
+#S
+want $A
+#E
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'fetch A (new commit : 1 connection)' '
+	rm -f $U
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master)
+	) &&
+	test -s $U &&
+	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create tag T on A, create C on branch cat" '
+	git tag -a -m tag1 tag1 $A &&
+	T=$(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
+
+	git checkout -b cat &&
+	echo C >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m C &&
+	C=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+cat - <<EOF >expect
+#S
+want $C
+want $T
+#E
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'fetch C, T (new branch, tag : 1 connection)' '
+	rm -f $U
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		test $C = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/cat) &&
+		test $T = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
+		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1^0)
+	) &&
+	test -s $U &&
+	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create commits O, B, tag S on B" '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo O >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m O &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	echo B >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m B &&
+	B=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+
+	git tag -a -m tag2 tag2 $B &&
+	S=$(git rev-parse --verify tag2)
+'
+
+cat - <<EOF >expect
+#S
+want $B
+want $S
+#E
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'fetch B, S (commit and tag : 1 connection)' '
+	rm -f $U
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master) &&
+		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2^0) &&
+		test $S = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2)
+	) &&
+	test -s $U &&
+	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat - <<EOF >expect
+#S
+want $B
+want $S
+#E
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'new clone fetch master and tags' '
+	git branch -D cat
+	rm -f $U
+	(
+		mkdir clone2 &&
+		cd clone2 &&
+		git init &&
+		git remote add origin .. &&
+		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master) &&
+		test $S = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2) &&
+		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2^0) &&
+		test $T = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
+		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1^0)
+	) &&
+	test -s $U &&
+	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..852ccb5d7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git remote porcelain-ish'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+setup_repository () {
+	mkdir "$1" && (
+	cd "$1" &&
+	git init &&
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	>elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Second" &&
+	git checkout master
+	)
+}
+
+tokens_match () {
+	echo "$1" | tr ' ' '\012' | sort | sed -e '/^$/d' >expect &&
+	echo "$2" | tr ' ' '\012' | sort | sed -e '/^$/d' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+check_remote_track () {
+	actual=$(git remote show "$1" | sed -ne 's|^    \(.*\) tracked$|\1|p')
+	shift &&
+	tokens_match "$*" "$actual"
+}
+
+check_tracking_branch () {
+	f="" &&
+	r=$(git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" |
+		sed -ne "s|^refs/remotes/$1/||p") &&
+	shift &&
+	tokens_match "$*" "$r"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	setup_repository one &&
+	setup_repository two &&
+	(
+		cd two && git branch another
+	) &&
+	git clone one test
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote information for the origin' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	tokens_match origin "$(git remote)" &&
+	check_remote_track origin master side &&
+	check_tracking_branch origin HEAD master side
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add another remote' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	git remote add -f second ../two &&
+	tokens_match "origin second" "$(git remote)" &&
+	check_remote_track origin master side &&
+	check_remote_track second master side another &&
+	check_tracking_branch second master side another &&
+	git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" refs/remotes |
+	sed -e "/^refs\/remotes\/origin\//d" \
+	    -e "/^refs\/remotes\/second\//d" >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote forces tracking branches' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	case `git config remote.second.fetch` in
+	+*) true ;;
+	 *) false ;;
+	esac
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove remote' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/second/HEAD refs/remotes/second/master &&
+	git remote rm second
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove remote' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	tokens_match origin "$(git remote)" &&
+	check_remote_track origin master side &&
+	git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" refs/remotes |
+	sed -e "/^refs\/remotes\/origin\//d" >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove remote protects non-remote branches' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	(cat >expect1 <<EOF
+Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; to delete it, use:
+  git branch -d master
+EOF
+    cat >expect2 <<EOF
+Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; to delete them, use:
+  git branch -d foobranch
+  git branch -d master
+EOF
+) &&
+	git tag footag
+	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
+	git remote rm oops 2>actual1 &&
+	git branch foobranch &&
+	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
+	git remote rm oops 2>actual2 &&
+	git branch -d foobranch &&
+	git tag -d footag &&
+	test_cmp expect1 actual1 &&
+	test_cmp expect2 actual2
+)
+'
+
+cat > test/expect << EOF
+* remote origin
+  Fetch URL: $(pwd)/one
+  Push  URL: $(pwd)/one
+  HEAD branch: master
+  Remote branches:
+    master new (next fetch will store in remotes/origin)
+    side   tracked
+  Local branches configured for 'git pull':
+    ahead    merges with remote master
+    master   merges with remote master
+    octopus  merges with remote topic-a
+                and with remote topic-b
+                and with remote topic-c
+    rebase  rebases onto remote master
+  Local refs configured for 'git push':
+    master pushes to master   (local out of date)
+    master pushes to upstream (create)
+* remote two
+  Fetch URL: ../two
+  Push  URL: ../three
+  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):
+    another
+    master
+  Local refs configured for 'git push':
+    ahead  forces to master  (fast forwardable)
+    master pushes to another (up to date)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'show' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
+	 git fetch &&
+	 git checkout -b ahead origin/master &&
+	 echo 1 >> file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m update file &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git branch --track octopus origin/master &&
+	 git branch --track rebase origin/master &&
+	 git branch -d -r origin/master &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.url ../two &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.pushurl ../three &&
+	 git config branch.rebase.rebase true &&
+	 git config branch.octopus.merge "topic-a topic-b topic-c" &&
+	 (cd ../one &&
+	  echo 1 > file &&
+	  test_tick &&
+	  git commit -m update file) &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push : &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push +refs/tags/lastbackup &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.push +refs/heads/ahead:refs/heads/master &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.push refs/heads/master:refs/heads/another &&
+	 git remote show origin two > output &&
+	 git branch -d rebase octopus &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+cat > test/expect << EOF
+* remote origin
+  Fetch URL: $(pwd)/one
+  Push  URL: $(pwd)/one
+  HEAD branch: (not queried)
+  Remote branches: (status not queried)
+    master
+    side
+  Local branches configured for 'git pull':
+    ahead  merges with remote master
+    master merges with remote master
+  Local refs configured for 'git push' (status not queried):
+    (matching)           pushes to (matching)
+    refs/heads/master    pushes to refs/heads/upstream
+    refs/tags/lastbackup forces to refs/tags/lastbackup
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'show -n' '
+	(mv one one.unreachable &&
+	 cd test &&
+	 git remote show -n origin > output &&
+	 mv ../one.unreachable ../one &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune' '
+	(cd one &&
+	 git branch -m side side2) &&
+	(cd test &&
+	 git fetch origin &&
+	 git remote prune origin &&
+	 git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side2 &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head --delete' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD &&
+	 git remote set-head --delete origin &&
+	 test_must_fail git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head --auto' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote set-head --auto origin &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master >expect &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD >output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output
+	)
+'
+
+cat >test/expect <<EOF
+error: Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:
+  git remote set-head two another
+  git remote set-head two master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head --auto fails w/multiple HEADs' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 test_must_fail git remote set-head --auto two >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+cat >test/expect <<EOF
+refs/remotes/origin/side2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head explicit' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote set-head origin side2 &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD >output &&
+	 git remote set-head origin master &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+cat > test/expect << EOF
+Pruning origin
+URL: $(pwd)/one
+ * [would prune] origin/side2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'prune --dry-run' '
+	(cd one &&
+	 git branch -m side2 side) &&
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote prune --dry-run origin > output &&
+	 git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side2 &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side &&
+	(cd ../one &&
+	 git branch -m side side2) &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add --mirror && prune' '
+	(mkdir mirror &&
+	 cd mirror &&
+	 git init --bare &&
+	 git remote add --mirror -f origin ../one) &&
+	(cd one &&
+	 git branch -m side2 side) &&
+	(cd mirror &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/side2 &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/side &&
+	 git fetch origin &&
+	 git remote prune origin &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/side2 &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/side)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add alt && prune' '
+	(mkdir alttst &&
+	 cd alttst &&
+	 git init &&
+	 git remote add -f origin ../one &&
+	 git config remote.alt.url ../one &&
+	 git config remote.alt.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*") &&
+	(cd one &&
+	 git branch -m side side2) &&
+	(cd alttst &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side2 &&
+	 git fetch alt &&
+	 git remote prune alt &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side2)
+'
+
+cat > one/expect << EOF
+  apis/master
+  apis/side
+  drosophila/another
+  drosophila/master
+  drosophila/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'update' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 git remote add drosophila ../two &&
+	 git remote add apis ../mirror &&
+	 git remote update &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+
+'
+
+cat > one/expect << EOF
+  drosophila/another
+  drosophila/master
+  drosophila/side
+  manduca/master
+  manduca/side
+  megaloprepus/master
+  megaloprepus/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'update with arguments' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git remote add manduca ../mirror &&
+	 git remote add megaloprepus ../mirror &&
+	 git config remotes.phobaeticus "drosophila megaloprepus" &&
+	 git config remotes.titanus manduca &&
+	 git remote update phobaeticus titanus &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+
+'
+
+cat > one/expect << EOF
+  apis/master
+  apis/side
+  manduca/master
+  manduca/side
+  megaloprepus/master
+  megaloprepus/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'update default' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git config remote.drosophila.skipDefaultUpdate true &&
+	 git remote update default &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+
+'
+
+cat > one/expect << EOF
+  drosophila/another
+  drosophila/master
+  drosophila/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'update default (overridden, with funny whitespace)' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git config remotes.default "$(printf "\t drosophila  \n")" &&
+	 git remote update default &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"remote show" does not show symbolic refs' '
+
+	git clone one three &&
+	(cd three &&
+	 git remote show origin > output &&
+	 ! grep "^ *HEAD$" < output &&
+	 ! grep -i stale < output)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject adding remote with an invalid name' '
+
+	test_must_fail git remote add some:url desired-name
+
+'
+
+# The first three test if the tracking branches are properly renamed,
+# the last two ones check if the config is updated.
+
+test_expect_success 'rename a remote' '
+
+	git clone one four &&
+	(cd four &&
+	 git remote rename origin upstream &&
+	 rmdir .git/refs/remotes/origin &&
+	 test "$(git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/upstream/HEAD)" = "refs/remotes/upstream/master" &&
+	 test "$(git rev-parse upstream/master)" = "$(git rev-parse master)" &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.upstream.fetch)" = "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/upstream/*" &&
+	 test "$(git config branch.master.remote)" = "upstream")
+
+'
+
+cat > remotes_origin << EOF
+URL: $(pwd)/one
+Push: refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream
+Pull: refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'migrate a remote from named file in $GIT_DIR/remotes' '
+	git clone one five &&
+	origin_url=$(pwd)/one &&
+	(cd five &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 mkdir -p .git/remotes &&
+	 cat ../remotes_origin > .git/remotes/origin &&
+	 git remote rename origin origin &&
+	 ! test -f .git/remotes/origin &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "$origin_url" &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.push)" = "refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream" &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.fetch)" = "refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'migrate a remote from named file in $GIT_DIR/branches' '
+	git clone one six &&
+	origin_url=$(pwd)/one &&
+	(cd six &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 echo "$origin_url" > .git/branches/origin &&
+	 git remote rename origin origin &&
+	 ! test -f .git/branches/origin &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "$origin_url" &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.fetch)" = "refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote prune to cause a dangling symref' '
+	git clone one seven &&
+	(
+		cd one &&
+		git checkout side2 &&
+		git branch -D master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		git remote prune origin
+	) 2>err &&
+	grep "has become dangling" err &&
+
+	: And the dangling symref will not cause other annoying errors
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		git branch -a
+	) 2>err &&
+	! grep "points nowhere" err
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		test_must_fail git branch nomore origin
+	) 2>err &&
+	grep "dangling symref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show empty remote' '
+
+	test_create_repo empty &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	(
+		cd empty-clone &&
+		git remote show origin
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2a1806b0b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git remote group handling'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+mark() {
+	echo "$1" >mark
+}
+
+update_repo() {
+	(cd $1 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F ../mark)
+}
+
+update_repos() {
+	update_repo one $1 &&
+	update_repo two $1
+}
+
+repo_fetched() {
+	if test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s $1 --`" = "`cat mark`"; then
+		echo >&2 "repo was fetched: $1"
+		return 0
+	fi
+	echo >&2 "repo was not fetched: $1"
+	return 1
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir one && (cd one && git init) &&
+	mkdir two && (cd two && git init) &&
+	git remote add -m master one one &&
+	git remote add -m master two two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no group updates all' '
+	mark update-all &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git remote update &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonexistant group produces error' '
+	mark nonexistant &&
+	update_repos &&
+	test_must_fail git remote update nonexistant &&
+	! repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group updates all members' '
+	mark group-all &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git config --add remotes.all one &&
+	git config --add remotes.all two &&
+	git remote update all &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group does not update non-members' '
+	mark group-some &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git config --add remotes.some one &&
+	git remote update some &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating remote name updates that remote' '
+	mark remote-name &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git remote update one &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 426017e1d0..bee3424fed 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ test_expect_success "clone and setup child repos" '
 		echo "Pull: refs/heads/one:refs/heads/one"
 	} >.git/remotes/two &&
 	cd .. &&
-	git clone . bundle
+	git clone . bundle &&
+	git clone . seven
 '
 
 test_expect_success "fetch test" '
@@ -67,6 +68,18 @@ test_expect_success "fetch test for-merge" '
 	cut -f -2 .git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
 	diff expected actual'
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch tags when there is no tags' '
+
+    cd "$D" &&
+
+    mkdir notags &&
+    cd notags &&
+    git init &&
+
+    git fetch -t ..
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch following tags' '
 
 	cd "$D" &&
@@ -83,6 +96,31 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch following tags' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch must not resolve short tag name' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+
+	mkdir five &&
+	cd five &&
+	git init &&
+
+	test_must_fail git fetch .. anno:five
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch must not resolve short remote name' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/six/HEAD HEAD
+
+	mkdir six &&
+	cd six &&
+	git init &&
+
+	test_must_fail git fetch .. six:six
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'create bundle 1' '
 	cd "$D" &&
 	echo >file updated again by origin &&
@@ -102,10 +140,10 @@ test_expect_success 'create bundle 2' '
 	git bundle create bundle2 master~2..master
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'unbundle 1' '
+test_expect_success 'unbundle 1' '
 	cd "$D/bundle" &&
 	git checkout -b some-branch &&
-	git fetch "$D/bundle1" master:master
+	test_must_fail git fetch "$D/bundle1" master:master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle 1 has only 3 files ' '
@@ -145,4 +183,157 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle does not prerequisite objects' '
 	test 4 = $(git verify-pack -v bundle.pack | wc -l)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'bundle should be able to create a full history' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git tag -a -m '1.0' v1.0 master &&
+	git bundle create bundle4 v1.0
+
+'
+
+! rsync --help > /dev/null 2> /dev/null &&
+say 'Skipping rsync tests because rsync was not found' || {
+test_expect_success 'fetch via rsync' '
+	git pack-refs &&
+	mkdir rsynced &&
+	(cd rsynced &&
+	 git init --bare &&
+	 git fetch "rsync:$(pwd)/../.git" master:refs/heads/master &&
+	 git gc --prune &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
+	mkdir rsynced2 &&
+	(cd rsynced2 &&
+	 git init) &&
+	(cd rsynced &&
+	 git push "rsync:$(pwd)/../rsynced2/.git" master) &&
+	(cd rsynced2 &&
+	 git gc --prune &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
+	mkdir rsynced3 &&
+	(cd rsynced3 &&
+	 git init) &&
+	git push --all "rsync:$(pwd)/rsynced3/.git" &&
+	(cd rsynced3 &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
+'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with a non-applying branch.<name>.merge' '
+	git config branch.master.remote yeti &&
+	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/bigfoot &&
+	git config remote.blub.url one &&
+	git config remote.blub.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/one/*" &&
+	git fetch blub
+'
+
+# the strange name is: a\!'b
+test_expect_success 'quoting of a strangely named repo' '
+	test_must_fail git fetch "a\\!'\''b" > result 2>&1 &&
+	cat result &&
+	grep "fatal: '\''a\\\\!'\''b'\''" result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle should record HEAD correctly' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git bundle create bundle5 HEAD master &&
+	git bundle list-heads bundle5 >actual &&
+	for h in HEAD refs/heads/master
+	do
+		echo "$(git rev-parse --verify $h) $h"
+	done >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'explicit fetch should not update tracking' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git branch -f side &&
+	(
+		cd three &&
+		o=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		git fetch origin master &&
+		n=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "$o" = "$n" &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'explicit pull should not update tracking' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git branch -f side &&
+	(
+		cd three &&
+		o=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		git pull origin master &&
+		n=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "$o" = "$n" &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configured fetch updates tracking' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git branch -f side &&
+	(
+		cd three &&
+		o=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		git fetch origin &&
+		n=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "$o" != "$n" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/side
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing nonexistent branch by mistake should not segv' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	test_must_fail git push seven no:no
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto tag following fetches minimum' '
+
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone .git follow &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	(
+		for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+		do
+			echo $i >>file &&
+			git commit -m $i -a &&
+			git tag -a -m $i excess-$i || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	(
+		cd follow &&
+		git fetch
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse to fetch into the current branch' '
+
+	test_must_fail git fetch . side:master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch into the current branch with --update-head-ok' '
+
+	git fetch --update-head-ok . side:master
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5511-refspec.sh b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c28932216b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='refspec parsing'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_refspec () {
+
+	kind=$1 refspec=$2 expect=$3
+	git config remote.frotz.url "." &&
+	git config --remove-section remote.frotz &&
+	git config remote.frotz.url "." &&
+	git config "remote.frotz.$kind" "$refspec" &&
+	if test "$expect" != invalid
+	then
+		title="$kind $refspec"
+		test='git ls-remote frotz'
+	else
+		title="$kind $refspec (invalid)"
+		test='test_must_fail git ls-remote frotz'
+	fi
+	test_expect_success "$title" "$test"
+}
+
+test_refspec push ''						invalid
+test_refspec push ':'
+test_refspec push '::'						invalid
+test_refspec push '+:'
+
+test_refspec fetch ''
+test_refspec fetch ':'
+test_refspec fetch '::'						invalid
+
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/frotz/*'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/frotz'		invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads:refs/remotes/frotz/*'		invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'
+
+
+# These have invalid LHS, but we do not have a formal "valid sha-1
+# expression syntax checker" so they are not checked with the current
+# code.  They will be caught downstream anyway, but we may want to
+# have tighter check later...
+
+: test_refspec push 'refs/heads/master::refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'	invalid
+: test_refspec push 'refs/heads/maste :refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'	invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/frotz/*'
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/frotz'		invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads:refs/remotes/frotz/*'		invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/master::refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'	invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/maste :refs/remotes/frotz/xyzzy'	invalid
+
+test_refspec push 'master~1:refs/remotes/frotz/backup'
+test_refspec fetch 'master~1:refs/remotes/frotz/backup'		invalid
+test_refspec push 'HEAD~4:refs/remotes/frotz/new'
+test_refspec fetch 'HEAD~4:refs/remotes/frotz/new'		invalid
+
+test_refspec push 'HEAD'
+test_refspec fetch 'HEAD'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/ nitfol'				invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/ nitfol'				invalid
+
+test_refspec push 'HEAD:'					invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'HEAD:'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/ nitfol:'				invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/ nitfol:'			invalid
+
+test_refspec push ':refs/remotes/frotz/deleteme'
+test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD-to-me'
+test_refspec push ':refs/remotes/frotz/delete me'		invalid
+test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD to me'		invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1dd8eed5bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git ls-remote'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag mark &&
+	git show-ref --tags -d | sed -e "s/ /	/" >expected.tag &&
+	(
+		echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD"
+		git show-ref -d	| sed -e "s/ /	/"
+	) >expected.all &&
+
+	git remote add self "$(pwd)/.git"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --tags .git' '
+
+	git ls-remote --tags .git >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.tag actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote .git' '
+
+	git ls-remote .git >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.all actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --tags self' '
+
+	git ls-remote --tags self >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.tag actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote self' '
+
+	git ls-remote self >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.all actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh b/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9e7486274b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetch follows remote tracking branches correctly'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>file &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Initial &&
+	git branch b-0 &&
+	git branch b1 &&
+	git branch b/one &&
+	test_create_repo other &&
+	(
+		cd other &&
+		git config remote.origin.url .. &&
+		git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/b/*:refs/remotes/b/*"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success fetch '
+	(
+		cd other && git fetch origin &&
+		test "$(git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)")" = refs/remotes/b/one
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
index 6c9cc67508..dbb927dec8 100755
--- a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
+++ b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		git config branch.br-$remote-merge.merge refs/heads/three &&
 		git config branch.br-$remote-octopus.remote $remote &&
 		git config branch.br-$remote-octopus.merge refs/heads/one &&
-		git config --add branch.br-$remote-octopus.merge two &&
-		git config --add branch.br-$remote-octopus.merge remotes/rem/three
+		git config --add branch.br-$remote-octopus.merge two
 	done
 '
 
@@ -130,10 +129,11 @@ do
 	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
 	esac
 	test=`echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g'`
-	cnt=`expr $test_count + 1`
-	pfx=`printf "%04d" $cnt`
-	expect="../../t5515/fetch.$test"
-	actual="$pfx-fetch.$test"
+	pfx=`printf "%04d" $test_count`
+	expect_f="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/fetch.$test"
+	actual_f="$pfx-fetch.$test"
+	expect_r="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/refs.$test"
+	actual_r="$pfx-refs.$test"
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd" '
 		{
@@ -141,19 +141,32 @@ do
 			set x $cmd; shift
 			git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/$1 ; shift
 			rm -f .git/FETCH_HEAD
-			rm -f .git/refs/heads/*
-			rm -f .git/refs/remotes/rem/*
-			rm -f .git/refs/tags/*
+			git for-each-ref \
+				refs/heads refs/remotes/rem refs/tags |
+			while read val type refname
+			do
+				git update-ref -d "$refname" "$val"
+			done
 			git fetch "$@" >/dev/null
 			cat .git/FETCH_HEAD
-		} >"$actual" &&
-		if test -f "$expect"
+		} >"$actual_f" &&
+		git show-ref >"$actual_r" &&
+		if test -f "$expect_f"
 		then
-			git diff -u "$expect" "$actual" &&
-			rm -f "$actual"
+			test_cmp "$expect_f" "$actual_f" &&
+			rm -f "$actual_f"
 		else
 			# this is to help developing new tests.
-			cp "$actual" "$expect"
+			cp "$actual_f" "$expect_f"
+			false
+		fi &&
+		if test -f "$expect_r"
+		then
+			test_cmp "$expect_r" "$actual_r" &&
+			rm -f "$actual_r"
+		else
+			# this is to help developing new tests.
+			cp "$actual_r" "$expect_r"
 			false
 		fi
 	'
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
index ea65f31bde..ca2cc1d1b4 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-default-merge
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
index 7b5fa949e6..7d947cd80f 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-default-merge branches-default
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
index 128397d737..ec39c54b7e 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # br-branches-default-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
index 4b37cd481a..6bf42e24b6 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # br-branches-default-octopus branches-default
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
index 3a4e77ead5..b4b3b35ce0 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-one-merge
-8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
index 00e04b435e..2ecef384eb 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-one-merge branches-one
-8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
index 53fe808a3b..96e3029416 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-one-octopus
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
index 41b18ff78a..55e0bad621 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # br-branches-one-octopus branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
index 9ee213ea45..938e532db2 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
index 44bd0ec59f..c9225bf6ff 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
index c1554f8f2d..b08e046195 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
index e6134345b8..d4d547c847 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default_branches-default b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default_branches-default
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-default_branches-default
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a705a5df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/heads/branches-one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one-merge b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one-merge
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a705a5df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one-merge
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/heads/branches-one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one b/t/t5515/refs.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a705a5df2
--- /dev/null
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index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
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index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
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index 0000000000..70962eaac1
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index 0000000000..70962eaac1
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70962eaac1
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new file mode 100644
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
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index 0000000000..8a705a5df2
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index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
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+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master b/t/t5515/refs.master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_--tags_.._.git b/t/t5515/refs.master_--tags_.._.git
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_--tags_.._.git
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70962eaac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70962eaac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_two b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_two
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70962eaac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_one_two
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13e4ad2e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-default b/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-default
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21917c1e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-default
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/heads/branches-default
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-one b/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-one
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a705a5df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_branches-one
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/heads/branches-one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_config-explicit b/t/t5515/refs.master_config-explicit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_config-explicit
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/rem/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/rem/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/rem/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/rem/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_config-glob b/t/t5515/refs.master_config-glob
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_config-glob
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/rem/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/rem/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/rem/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/rem/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-explicit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-explicit
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/rem/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/rem/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/rem/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/rem/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-glob b/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-glob
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bbbfd9fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5515/refs.master_remote-glob
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/origin/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/origin/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/origin/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/origin/two
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f refs/remotes/rem/master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/remotes/rem/one
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b refs/remotes/rem/three
+6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8 refs/remotes/rem/two
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5 refs/tags/tag-master
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689 refs/tags/tag-one
+22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba refs/tags/tag-one-tree
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899 refs/tags/tag-three
+0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c refs/tags/tag-three-file
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba refs/tags/tag-two
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2d2633f3f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetching and pushing, with or without wildcard'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+D=`pwd`
+
+mk_empty () {
+	rm -fr testrepo &&
+	mkdir testrepo &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git init &&
+		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
+	)
+}
+
+mk_test () {
+	mk_empty &&
+	(
+		for ref in "$@"
+		do
+			git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/$ref || {
+				echo "Oops, push refs/$ref failure"
+				exit 1
+			}
+		done &&
+		cd testrepo &&
+		for ref in "$@"
+		do
+			r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref) &&
+			test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" || {
+				echo "Oops, refs/$ref is wrong"
+				exit 1
+			}
+		done &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
+}
+
+mk_child() {
+	rm -rf "$1" &&
+	git clone testrepo "$1"
+}
+
+check_push_result () {
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		it="$1" &&
+		shift
+		for ref in "$@"
+		do
+			r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref) &&
+			test "z$r" = "z$it" || {
+				echo "Oops, refs/$ref is wrong"
+				exit 1
+			}
+		done &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	: >path1 &&
+	git add path1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m repo &&
+	the_first_commit=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+
+	: >path2 &&
+	git add path2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m second &&
+	the_commit=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch without wildcard' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git fetch .. refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with wildcard' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git config remote.up.url .. &&
+		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
+		git fetch up &&
+
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with insteadOf' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	(
+		TRASH=$(pwd)/ &&
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git config "url.$TRASH.insteadOf" trash/ &&
+		git config remote.up.url trash/. &&
+		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
+		git fetch up &&
+
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push without wildcard' '
+	mk_empty &&
+
+	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with wildcard' '
+	mk_empty &&
+
+	git push testrepo "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with insteadOf' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
+	git config "url.$TRASH.insteadOf" trash/ &&
+	git push trash/testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with matching heads' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with matching heads on the command line' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo : &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed (non-fast-forward) push with matching heads' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo : &&
+	git commit --amend -massaged &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	git reset --hard $the_commit
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --force with matching heads' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo : &&
+	git commit --amend -massaged &&
+	git push --force testrepo &&
+	! check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	git reset --hard $the_commit
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with matching heads and forced update' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo : &&
+	git commit --amend -massaged &&
+	git push testrepo +: &&
+	! check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	git reset --hard $the_commit
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with no ambiguity (1)' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo master:master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with no ambiguity (2)' '
+
+	mk_test remotes/origin/master &&
+	git push testrepo master:origin/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit remotes/origin/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec, no ambiguity' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master heads/t/master &&
+	git branch -f t/master master &&
+	git push testrepo master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/t/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with weak ambiguity (1)' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master remotes/origin/master &&
+	git push testrepo master:master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with weak ambiguity (2)' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master &&
+	git push testrepo master:master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with ambiguity' '
+
+	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	if git push testrepo master:frotz
+	then
+		echo "Oops, should have failed"
+		false
+	else
+		check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/frotz tags/frotz
+	fi
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (1)' '
+
+	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	git branch -f frotz master &&
+	git push testrepo frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit tags/frotz
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (2)' '
+
+	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/heads/frotz
+	then
+		git branch -D frotz
+	fi &&
+	git tag -f frotz &&
+	git push testrepo frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit tags/frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/frotz
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (3)' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/tags/frotz
+	then
+		git tag -d frotz
+	fi &&
+	git branch -f frotz master &&
+	git push testrepo frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/frotz &&
+	test 1 = $( cd testrepo && git show-ref | wc -l )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (4)' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/heads/frotz
+	then
+		git branch -D frotz
+	fi &&
+	git tag -f frotz &&
+	git push testrepo frotz &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit tags/frotz &&
+	test 1 = $( cd testrepo && git show-ref | wc -l )
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push head with non-existant, incomplete dest' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	git push testrepo master:branch &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/branch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push tag with non-existant, incomplete dest' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	git tag -f v1.0 &&
+	git push testrepo v1.0:tag &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit tags/tag
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push sha1 with non-existant, incomplete dest' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo `git rev-parse master`:foo
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push ref expression with non-existant, incomplete dest' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo master^:branch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with HEAD' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git push testrepo HEAD &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with HEAD nonexisting at remote' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git checkout -b local master &&
+	git push testrepo HEAD &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with +HEAD' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D local &&
+	git checkout -b local &&
+	git push testrepo master local &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local &&
+
+	# Without force rewinding should fail
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo HEAD &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local &&
+
+	# With force rewinding should succeed
+	git push testrepo +HEAD &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/local
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push HEAD with non-existant, incomplete dest' '
+
+	mk_test &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git push testrepo HEAD:branch &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/branch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.push = HEAD' '
+
+	mk_test heads/local &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -f local $the_commit &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git checkout local &&
+		git reset --hard $the_first_commit
+	) &&
+	git config remote.there.url testrepo &&
+	git config remote.there.push HEAD &&
+	git config branch.master.remote there &&
+	git push &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/local
+'
+
+# clean up the cruft left with the previous one
+git config --remove-section remote.there
+git config --remove-section branch.master
+
+test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.pushurl' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git config remote.there.url test2repo &&
+	git config remote.there.pushurl testrepo &&
+	git push there &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+'
+
+# clean up the cruft left with the previous one
+git config --remove-section remote.there
+
+test_expect_success 'push with dry-run' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	(cd testrepo &&
+	 old_commit=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master)) &&
+	git push --dry-run testrepo &&
+	check_push_result $old_commit heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push updates local refs' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_child child &&
+	(cd child &&
+		git pull .. master &&
+		git push &&
+	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(git rev-parse remotes/origin/master))
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push updates up-to-date local refs' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_child child1 &&
+	mk_child child2 &&
+	(cd child1 && git pull .. master && git push) &&
+	(cd child2 &&
+		git pull ../child1 master &&
+		git push &&
+	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(git rev-parse remotes/origin/master))
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push preserves up-to-date packed refs' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_child child &&
+	(cd child &&
+		git push &&
+	! test -f .git/refs/remotes/origin/master)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push does not update local refs on failure' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_child child &&
+	mkdir testrepo/.git/hooks &&
+	echo exit 1 >testrepo/.git/hooks/pre-receive &&
+	chmod +x testrepo/.git/hooks/pre-receive &&
+	(cd child &&
+		git pull .. master
+		test_must_fail git push &&
+		test $(git rev-parse master) != \
+			$(git rev-parse remotes/origin/master))
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow deleting an invalid remote ref' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	rm -f testrepo/.git/objects/??/* &&
+	git push testrepo :refs/heads/master &&
+	(cd testrepo && test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'warn on push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
+	mk_test heads/master
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch warn) &&
+	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
+	grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deny push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
+	mk_test heads/master
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch true) &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of bare repository (bare)' '
+	mk_test heads/master
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch true &&
+		git config core.bare true) &&
+	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
+	! grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
+	mk_test heads/master
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch false
+	) &&
+	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
+	! grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with branches' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	git branch second $the_first_commit &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	echo ".." > testrepo/.git/branches/branch1 &&
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git fetch branch1 &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch1) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+	) &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with branches containing #' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	echo "..#second" > testrepo/.git/branches/branch2 &&
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		git fetch branch2 &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch2) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+	) &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with branches' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	echo "testrepo" > .git/branches/branch1 &&
+	git push branch1 &&
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with branches containing #' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	echo "testrepo#branch3" > .git/branches/branch2 &&
+	git push branch2 &&
+	(cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch3) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+	) &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ea49dedbf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pushing to a mirror repository'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+D=`pwd`
+
+invert () {
+	if "$@"; then
+		return 1
+	else
+		return 0
+	fi
+}
+
+mk_repo_pair () {
+	rm -rf master mirror &&
+	mkdir mirror &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		git init
+	) &&
+	mkdir master &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		git init &&
+		git remote add $1 up ../mirror
+	)
+}
+
+
+# BRANCH tests
+test_expect_success 'push mirror creates new branches' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror updates existing branches' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror force updates existing branches' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror removes branches' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git branch remove master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git branch -D remove
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		invert git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/remove
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror adds, updates and removes branches together' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git branch remove master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git branch -D remove &&
+		git branch add master &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	master_add=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/add) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	mirror_add=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/add) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master" &&
+	test "$master_add" = "$mirror_add" &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		invert git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/remove
+	)
+
+'
+
+
+# TAG tests
+test_expect_success 'push mirror creates new tags' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror updates existing tags' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror force updates existing tags' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror removes tags' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git tag -f tremove master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git tag -d tremove
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		invert git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tremove
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirror adds, updates and removes tags together' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git tag -f tremove master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git tag -d tremove &&
+		git tag tadd master &&
+		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
+		git tag -f tmaster master &&
+		git push --mirror up
+	) &&
+	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	master_add=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tadd) &&
+	mirror_master=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tmaster) &&
+	mirror_add=$(cd mirror && git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tadd) &&
+	test "$master_master" = "$mirror_master" &&
+	test "$master_add" = "$mirror_add" &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		invert git show-ref -s --verify refs/tags/tremove
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote.foo.mirror adds and removes branches' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair --mirror &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git branch keep master &&
+		git branch remove master &&
+		git push up &&
+		git branch -D remove
+		git push up
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/keep &&
+		invert git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/remove
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote.foo.mirror=no has no effect' '
+
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	(
+		cd master &&
+		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
+		git config --add remote.up.mirror no &&
+		git branch keep master &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		git branch -D keep &&
+		git push up
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/keep
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh b/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c6bc65faa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Dmitry V. Levin
+#
+
+test_description='fetch exit status test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	echo side >file &&
+	git commit -a -m side &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo next >file &&
+	git commit -a -m next
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non fast forward fetch' '
+
+	test_must_fail git fetch . master:side
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'forced update' '
+
+	git fetch . +master:side
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..96be5236a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='push to a repository that borrows from elsewhere'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir alice-pub &&
+	(
+		cd alice-pub &&
+		GIT_DIR=. git init
+	) &&
+	mkdir alice-work &&
+	(
+		cd alice-work &&
+		git init &&
+		>file &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+		git push ../alice-pub master
+	) &&
+
+	# Project Bob is a fork of project Alice
+	mkdir bob-pub &&
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		GIT_DIR=. git init &&
+		mkdir -p objects/info &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	) &&
+	git clone alice-pub bob-work &&
+	(
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git push ../bob-pub master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes' '
+	(
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more >file &&
+		git commit -a -m second &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob fetches from alice, works and pushes' '
+	(
+		# Bob acquires what Alice did in his work tree first.
+		# Even though these objects are not directly in
+		# the public repository of Bob, this push does not
+		# need to send the commit Bob received from Alice
+		# to his public repository, as all the object Alice
+		# has at her public repository are available to it
+		# via its alternates.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git pull ../alice-pub master &&
+		echo more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m third &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	) &&
+
+	# Check that the second commit by Alice is not sent
+	# to ../bob-pub
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		second=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+		rm -f objects/info/alternates &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file -t $second &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean-up in case the previous failed' '
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes again' '
+	(
+		# Alice does not care what Bob does.  She does not
+		# even have to be aware of his existence.  She just
+		# keeps working and pushing
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more alice >file &&
+		git commit -a -m fourth &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes' '
+	(
+		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
+		# the master branch at her public repository points
+		# at a commit Bob does not know about.  This should
+		# not prevent the push by Bob from succeeding.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		echo yet more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m fifth &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes yet again' '
+	(
+		# Alice does not care what Bob does.  She does not
+		# even have to be aware of his existence.  She just
+		# keeps working and pushing
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more and more alice >file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.1 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.2 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.3 &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes again' '
+	(
+		cd alice-pub &&
+		git cat-file commit master >../bob-work/commit
+	)
+	(
+		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
+		# the master branch at her public repository points
+		# at a commit Bob does not fully know about, but
+		# he happens to have the commit object (but not the
+		# necessary tree) in his repository from Alice.
+		# This should not prevent the push by Bob from
+		# succeeding.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git hash-object -t commit -w commit &&
+		echo even more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m seventh &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 243212d3da..c5a2e66a09 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -29,6 +29,18 @@ test_expect_success 'checking the results' '
 	diff file cloned/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pulling into void using master:master' '
+	mkdir cloned-uho &&
+	(
+		cd cloned-uho &&
+		git init &&
+		git pull .. master:master
+	) &&
+	test -f file &&
+	test -f cloned-uho/file &&
+	test_cmp file cloned-uho/file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
 
 	git branch copy master &&
@@ -53,5 +65,75 @@ test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
 	test `cat file` = modified
 '
 
-test_done
+test_expect_success '--rebase' '
+	git branch to-rebase &&
+	echo modified again > file &&
+	git commit -m file file &&
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	echo new > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m "new file" &&
+	git tag before-rebase &&
+	git pull --rebase . copy &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
+	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase 1 &&
+	git pull . copy &&
+	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase 0 &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
+	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
+
+	git remote add -f me . &&
+	git checkout copy &&
+	git tag copy-orig &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	echo conflicting modification > file &&
+	git commit -m conflict file &&
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	echo file > file2 &&
+	git commit -m to-rebase file2 &&
+	git tag to-rebase-orig &&
+	git pull --rebase me copy &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = $(cat file2)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased default upstream' '
+
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy-orig &&
+	git checkout --track -b to-rebase2 me/copy &&
+	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
+	git pull --rebase &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = $(cat file2)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy^ &&
+	COPY=$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
+	git rebase --onto $COPY copy &&
+	git config branch.to-rebase.remote me &&
+	git config branch.to-rebase.merge refs/heads/copy &&
+	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
+	echo dirty >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull &&
+	test $COPY = $(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- file &&
+	git pull &&
+	test $COPY != $(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5521-pull-options.sh b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..83e2e8ab80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pull options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+D=`pwd`
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(cd parent && git init &&
+	 echo one >file && git add file &&
+	 git commit -m one)
+'
+
+cd "$D"
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull -q' '
+	mkdir clonedq &&
+	cd clonedq &&
+	git pull -q "$D/parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test ! -s out
+'
+
+cd "$D"
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull' '
+	mkdir cloned &&
+	cd cloned &&
+	git pull "$D/parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test -s out
+'
+cd "$D"
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull -v' '
+	mkdir clonedv &&
+	cd clonedv &&
+	git pull -v "$D/parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test -s out
+'
+
+cd "$D"
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull -v -q' '
+	mkdir clonedvq &&
+	cd clonedvq &&
+	git pull -v -q "$D/parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test ! -s out
+'
+
+cd "$D"
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull -q -v' '
+	mkdir clonedqv &&
+	cd clonedqv &&
+	git pull -q -v "$D/parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test -s out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..86bbd7d024
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pulling from symlinked subdir'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# The scenario we are building:
+#
+#   trash\ directory/
+#     clone-repo/
+#       subdir/
+#         bar
+#     subdir-link -> clone-repo/subdir/
+#
+# The working directory is subdir-link.
+
+mkdir subdir
+echo file >subdir/file
+git add subdir/file
+git commit -q -m file
+git clone -q . clone-repo
+ln -s clone-repo/subdir/ subdir-link
+
+
+# Demonstrate that things work if we just avoid the symlink
+#
+test_expect_success 'pulling from real subdir' '
+	(
+		echo real >subdir/file &&
+		git commit -m real subdir/file &&
+		cd clone-repo/subdir/ &&
+		git pull &&
+		test real = $(cat file)
+	)
+'
+
+# From subdir-link, pulling should work as it does from
+# clone-repo/subdir/.
+#
+# Instead, the error pull gave was:
+#
+#   fatal: 'origin': unable to chdir or not a git archive
+#   fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
+#
+# because git would find the .git/config for the "trash directory"
+# repo, not for the clone-repo repo.  The "trash directory" repo
+# had no entry for origin.  Git found the wrong .git because
+# git rev-parse --show-cdup printed a path relative to
+# clone-repo/subdir/, not subdir-link/.  Git rev-parse --show-cdup
+# used the correct .git, but when the git pull shell script did
+# "cd `git rev-parse --show-cdup`", it ended up in the wrong
+# directory.  A POSIX shell's "cd" works a little differently
+# than chdir() in C; "cd -P" is much closer to chdir().
+#
+test_expect_success 'pulling from symlinked subdir' '
+	(
+		echo link >subdir/file &&
+		git commit -m link subdir/file &&
+		cd subdir-link/ &&
+		git pull &&
+		test link = $(cat file)
+	)
+'
+
+# Prove that the remote end really is a repo, and other commands
+# work fine in this context.  It's just that "git pull" breaks.
+#
+test_expect_success 'pushing from symlinked subdir' '
+	(
+		cd subdir-link/ &&
+		echo push >file &&
+		git commit -m push ./file &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	test push = $(git show HEAD:subdir/file)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f5102b902a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='errors in upload-pack'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+D=`pwd`
+
+corrupt_repo () {
+	object_sha1=$(git rev-parse "$1") &&
+	ob=$(expr "$object_sha1" : "\(..\)") &&
+	ject=$(expr "$object_sha1" : "..\(..*\)") &&
+	rm -f ".git/objects/$ob/$ject"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup and corrupt repository' '
+
+	echo file >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git rev-parse :file &&
+	git commit -a -m original &&
+	test_tick &&
+	echo changed >file &&
+	git commit -a -m changed &&
+	corrupt_repo HEAD:file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck fails' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in pack-objects' '
+
+	! echo "0032want $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+00000009done
+0000" | git upload-pack . > /dev/null 2> output.err &&
+	grep "pack-objects died" output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'corrupt repo differently' '
+
+	git hash-object -w file &&
+	corrupt_repo HEAD^^{tree}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck fails' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in rev-list' '
+
+	! echo "0032want $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+00000009done
+0000" | git upload-pack . > /dev/null 2> output.err &&
+	grep "waitpid (async) failed" output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create empty repository' '
+
+	mkdir foo &&
+	cd foo &&
+	git init
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch fails' '
+
+	test_must_fail git fetch .. master
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5540-http-push.sh b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f4a2cf6c17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
+#
+
+test_description='test http-push
+
+This test runs various sanity checks on http-push.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
+LIB_HTTPD_DAV=t
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5540'}
+
+if git http-push > /dev/null 2>&1 || [ $? -eq 128 ]
+then
+	say "skipping test, USE_CURL_MULTI is not defined"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote repository' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	mkdir test_repo &&
+	cd test_repo &&
+	git init &&
+	: >path1 &&
+	git add path1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	cd - &&
+	git clone --bare test_repo test_repo.git &&
+	cd test_repo.git &&
+	git --bare update-server-info &&
+	mv hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update &&
+	cd - &&
+	mv test_repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'push to remote repository with packed refs' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	: >path2 &&
+	git add path2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m path2 &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git push &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' push to remote repository with unpacked refs' '
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 rm packed-refs &&
+	 git update-ref refs/heads/master \
+		0c973ae9bd51902a28466f3850b543fa66a6aaf4) &&
+	git push &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http-push fetches unpacked objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
+		"$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_unpacked.git &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/test_repo_unpacked.git \
+		"$ROOT_PATH"/fetch_unpacked &&
+
+	# By reset, we force git to retrieve the object
+	(cd "$ROOT_PATH"/fetch_unpacked &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git reflog expire --expire=0 --all &&
+	 git prune &&
+	 git push -f -v $HTTPD_URL/test_repo_unpacked.git master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http-push fetches packed objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
+		"$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_packed.git &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/test_repo_packed.git \
+		"$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone_packed &&
+
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_packed.git &&
+	 git --bare repack &&
+	 git --bare prune-packed) &&
+
+	# By reset, we force git to retrieve the packed object
+	(cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone_packed &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git reflog expire --expire=0 --all &&
+	 git prune &&
+	 git push -f -v $HTTPD_URL/test_repo_packed.git master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create and delete remote branch' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	git checkout -b dev &&
+	: >path3 &&
+	git add path3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m dev &&
+	git push origin dev &&
+	git fetch &&
+	git push origin :dev &&
+	git branch -d -r origin/dev &&
+	git fetch &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/remotes/origin/dev
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'MKCOL sends directory names with trailing slashes' '
+
+	! grep "\"MKCOL.*[^/] HTTP/[^ ]*\"" < "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+
+'
+
+x1="[0-9a-f]"
+x2="$x1$x1"
+x5="$x1$x1$x1$x1$x1"
+x38="$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x1$x1$x1"
+x40="$x38$x2"
+
+test_expect_success 'PUT and MOVE sends object to URLs with SHA-1 hash suffix' '
+	sed -e "s/PUT /OP /" -e "s/MOVE /OP /" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log |
+	grep -e "\"OP .*/objects/$x2/${x38}_$x40 HTTP/[.0-9]*\" 20[0-9] "
+
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0e69324652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test fetching over http'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
+	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5550'}
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository' '
+	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 echo "exec git update-server-info" >hooks/post-update &&
+	 chmod +x hooks/post-update
+	) &&
+	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	git push public master:master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/repo.git clone &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git push public
+	(cd clone && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http remote detects correct HEAD' '
+	git push public master:other &&
+	(cd clone &&
+	 git remote set-head origin -d &&
+	 git remote set-head origin -a &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD > output &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master > expect &&
+	 test_cmp expect output
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch packed objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	git --bare repack &&
+	git --bare prune-packed &&
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/repo_pack.git
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
index 1776b377f3..ee06d28649 100755
--- a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
+++ b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
@@ -3,21 +3,21 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2006 Carl D. Worth <cworth@cworth.org>
 #
 
-test_description='test git-clone to cleanup after failure
+test_description='test git clone to cleanup after failure
 
-This test covers the fact that if git-clone fails, it should remove
+This test covers the fact that if git clone fails, it should remove
 the directory it created, to avoid the user having to manually
 remove the directory before attempting a clone again.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'clone of non-existent source should fail' \
-    'git-clone foo bar'
+    'test_must_fail git clone foo bar'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'failed clone should not leave a directory' \
-    'cd bar'
+    '! test -d bar'
 
 # Need a repo to clone
 test_create_repo foo
@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ test_create_repo foo
 # clone doesn't like it if there is no HEAD. Is that a bug?
 (cd foo && touch file && git add file && git commit -m 'add file' >/dev/null 2>&1)
 
-# source repository given to git-clone should be relative to the
+# source repository given to git clone should be relative to the
 # current path not to the target dir
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'clone of non-existent (relative to $PWD) source should fail' \
-    'git-clone ../foo baz'
+    'test_must_fail git clone ../foo baz'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'clone should work now that source exists' \
-    'git-clone foo bar'
+    'git clone foo bar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'successful clone must leave the directory' \
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2335d8bc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description=clone
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	test_create_repo src &&
+	(
+		cd src
+		>file
+		git add file
+		git commit -m initial
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with excess parameters (1)' '
+
+	rm -fr dst &&
+	test_must_fail git clone -n src dst junk
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with excess parameters (2)' '
+
+	rm -fr dst &&
+	test_must_fail git clone -n "file://$(pwd)/src" dst junk
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'output from clone' '
+	rm -fr dst &&
+	git clone -n "file://$(pwd)/src" dst >output &&
+	test $(grep Initialized output | wc -l) = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone does not keep pack' '
+
+	rm -fr dst &&
+	git clone -n "file://$(pwd)/src" dst &&
+	! test -f dst/file &&
+	! (echo dst/.git/objects/pack/pack-* | grep "\.keep")
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone checks out files' '
+
+	rm -fr dst &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	test -f dst/file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone respects GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+
+	GIT_WORK_TREE=worktree git clone src bare &&
+	test -f bare/config &&
+	test -f worktree/file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone creates intermediate directories' '
+
+	git clone src long/path/to/dst &&
+	test -f long/path/to/dst/file
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone creates intermediate directories for bare repo' '
+
+	git clone --bare src long/path/to/bare/dst &&
+	test -f long/path/to/bare/dst/config
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --mirror' '
+
+	git clone --mirror src mirror &&
+	test -f mirror/HEAD &&
+	test ! -f mirror/file &&
+	FETCH="$(cd mirror && git config remote.origin.fetch)" &&
+	test "+refs/*:refs/*" = "$FETCH" &&
+	MIRROR="$(cd mirror && git config --bool remote.origin.mirror)" &&
+	test "$MIRROR" = true
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --bare names the local repository <name>.git' '
+
+	git clone --bare src &&
+	test -d src.git
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --mirror does not repeat tags' '
+
+	(cd src &&
+	 git tag some-tag HEAD) &&
+	git clone --mirror src mirror2 &&
+	(cd mirror2 &&
+	 git show-ref 2> clone.err > clone.out) &&
+	test_must_fail grep Duplicate mirror2/clone.err &&
+	grep some-tag mirror2/clone.out
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to destination with trailing /' '
+
+	git clone src target-1/ &&
+	T=$( cd target-1 && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	S=$( cd src && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	test "$T" = "$S"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to destination with extra trailing /' '
+
+	git clone src target-2/// &&
+	T=$( cd target-2 && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	S=$( cd src && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	test "$T" = "$S"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing empty directory' '
+	mkdir target-3 &&
+	git clone src target-3 &&
+	T=$( cd target-3 && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	S=$( cd src && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	test "$T" = "$S"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing non-empty directory' '
+	mkdir target-4 &&
+	>target-4/Fakefile &&
+	test_must_fail git clone src target-4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing path' '
+	>target-5 &&
+	test_must_fail git clone src target-5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone a void' '
+	mkdir src-0 &&
+	(
+		cd src-0 && git init
+	) &&
+	git clone src-0 target-6 &&
+	(
+		cd src-0 && test_commit A
+	) &&
+	git clone src-0 target-7 &&
+	# There is no reason to insist they are bit-for-bit
+	# identical, but this test should suffice for now.
+	test_cmp target-6/.git/config target-7/.git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone respects global branch.autosetuprebase' '
+	(
+		HOME=$(pwd) &&
+		export HOME &&
+		test_config="$HOME/.gitconfig" &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
+		git config -f "$test_config" branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+		rm -fr dst &&
+		git clone src dst &&
+		cd dst &&
+		actual="z$(git config branch.master.rebase)" &&
+		test ztrue = $actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..deffdaee49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description=clone
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo "#!/bin/sh" > not_ssh
+	echo "echo \"\$*\" > not_ssh_output" >> not_ssh
+	echo "exit 1" >> not_ssh
+	chmod +x not_ssh
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone calls git upload-pack unqualified with no -u option' '
+	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone localhost:/path/to/repo junk
+	echo "localhost git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
+	test_cmp expected not_ssh_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone calls specified git upload-pack with -u option' '
+	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone -u ./something/bin/git-upload-pack localhost:/path/to/repo junk
+	echo "localhost ./something/bin/git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
+	test_cmp expected not_ssh_output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
index 6d43252593..1c10916069 100755
--- a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
+++ b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ test_description='test clone --reference'
 
 base_dir=`pwd`
 
+U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
+
 test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
 'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
 echo first > file1 &&
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' \
 'cd C &&
-git pull ../B'
+git pull ../B master'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -50,8 +52,13 @@ diff expected current'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
+rm -f "$U"
+
 test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' \
-'git clone --reference B A D'
+'GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D 3>"$U"'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' \
+'! grep "^want" "$U"'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -61,7 +68,7 @@ test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' \
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' \
-'cd D && git pull ../B'
+'cd D && git pull ../B master'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -113,4 +120,30 @@ diff expected current'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
+test_expect_success 'preparing alternate repository #1' \
+'test_create_repo F && cd F &&
+echo first > file1 &&
+git add file1 &&
+git commit -m initial'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #2 and adding changes to repo #1' \
+'git clone F G && cd F &&
+echo second > file2 &&
+git add file2 &&
+git commit -m addition'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #1, using #2 as reference' \
+'git clone --reference G F H'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with reference being subset of source (-l -s)' \
+'git clone -l -s --reference A B E'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..19b5c0d552
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test local clone'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+D=`pwd`
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing origin repository' '
+	: >file && git add . && git commit -m1 &&
+	git clone --bare . a.git &&
+	git clone --bare . x &&
+	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=a.git/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true &&
+	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=x/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true
+	git bundle create b1.bundle --all &&
+	git bundle create b2.bundle master &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	cp b1.bundle dir/b3
+	cp b1.bundle b4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone without .git suffix' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone -l -s a b &&
+	cd b &&
+	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=.git/config git config --bool core.bare)" = false &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone with .git suffix' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone -l -s a.git c &&
+	cd c &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone from x' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone -l -s x y &&
+	cd y &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone from x.git that does not exist' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	if git clone -l -s x.git z
+	then
+		echo "Oops, should have failed"
+		false
+	else
+		echo happy
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'With -no-hardlinks, local will make a copy' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone --bare --no-hardlinks x w &&
+	cd w &&
+	linked=$(find objects -type f ! -links 1 | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $linked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Even without -l, local will make a hardlink' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	rm -fr w &&
+	git clone -l --bare x w &&
+	cd w &&
+	copied=$(find objects -type f -links 1 | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $copied
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone of repo with nonexistent ref in HEAD' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	echo "ref: refs/heads/nonexistent" > a.git/HEAD &&
+	git clone a d &&
+	cd d &&
+	git fetch &&
+	test ! -e .git/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle clone without .bundle suffix' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone dir/b3 &&
+	cd b3 &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle clone with .bundle suffix' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone b1.bundle &&
+	cd b1 &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle clone from b4' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone b4 bdl &&
+	cd bdl &&
+	git fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle clone from b4.bundle that does not exist' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	if git clone b4.bundle bb
+	then
+		echo "Oops, should have failed"
+		false
+	else
+		echo happy
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bundle clone with nonexistent HEAD' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone b2.bundle b2 &&
+	cd b2 &&
+	git fetch
+	test ! -e .git/refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone empty repository' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	mkdir empty &&
+	(cd empty && git init) &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(cd empty-clone
+	 echo "content" >> foo &&
+	 git add foo &&
+	 git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	 git push origin master &&
+	 expected=$(git rev-parse master) &&
+	 actual=$(git --git-dir=../empty/.git rev-parse master) &&
+	 test $actual = $expected)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone empty repository, and then push should not segfault.' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	rm -fr empty/ empty-clone/ &&
+	mkdir empty &&
+	(cd empty && git init) &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	(cd empty-clone &&
+	test_must_fail git push)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5702-clone-options.sh b/t/t5702-clone-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..27825f5f31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5702-clone-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic clone options'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(cd parent && git init &&
+	 echo one >file && git add file &&
+	 git commit -m one)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone -o' '
+
+	git clone -o foo parent clone-o &&
+	(cd clone-o && git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/foo/master)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'redirected clone' '
+
+	git clone "file://$(pwd)/parent" clone-redirected >out 2>err &&
+	test ! -s err
+
+'
+test_expect_success 'redirected clone -v' '
+
+	git clone -v "file://$(pwd)/parent" clone-redirected-v >out 2>err &&
+	test -s err
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5704-bundle.sh b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a8f4419e61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='some bundle related tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	: > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git tag -m tag tag &&
+	: > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	: > file3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tags can be excluded by rev-list options' '
+
+	git bundle create bundle --all --since=7.Apr.2005.15:16:00.-0700 &&
+	git ls-remote bundle > output &&
+	! grep tag output
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh b/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9f52154cac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test cloning a repository larger than 2 gigabyte'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test -z "$GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB" &&
+say "Skipping expensive 2GB clone test; enable it with GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=t" &&
+test_done &&
+exit
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git config pack.compression 0 &&
+	git config pack.depth 0 &&
+	blobsize=$((20*1024*1024)) &&
+	blobcount=$((2*1024*1024*1024/$blobsize+1)) &&
+	i=1 &&
+	(while test $i -le $blobcount
+	 do
+		printf "Generating blob $i/$blobcount\r" >&2 &&
+		printf "blob\nmark :$i\ndata $blobsize\n" &&
+		#test-genrandom $i $blobsize &&
+		printf "%-${blobsize}s" $i &&
+		echo "M 100644 :$i $i" >> commit
+		i=$(($i+1)) ||
+		echo $? > exit-status
+	 done &&
+	 echo "commit refs/heads/master" &&
+	 echo "author A U Thor <author@email.com> 123456789 +0000" &&
+	 echo "committer C O Mitter <committer@email.com> 123456789 +0000" &&
+	 echo "data 5" &&
+	 echo ">2gb" &&
+	 cat commit) |
+	git fast-import &&
+	test ! -f exit-status
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone' '
+
+	git clone --bare --no-hardlinks . clone
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
index 2f8e97cb7e..ef7127c1b3 100755
--- a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
+++ b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
@@ -53,14 +53,18 @@ git prune'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-test_expect_failure 'creating too deep nesting' \
+test_expect_success 'creating too deep nesting' \
 'git clone -l -s C D &&
 git clone -l -s D E &&
 git clone -l -s E F &&
 git clone -l -s F G &&
-git clone -l -s G H &&
-cd H &&
-test_valid_repo'
+git clone -l -s G H'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalidity of deepest repository' \
+'cd H && {
+	test_valid_repo
+	test $? -ne 0
+}'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -77,16 +81,16 @@ test_valid_repo'
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'breaking of loops' \
-"echo '$base_dir/B/.git/objects' >> '$base_dir'/A/.git/objects/info/alternates&&
+'echo "$base_dir"/B/.git/objects >> "$base_dir"/A/.git/objects/info/alternates&&
 cd C &&
-test_valid_repo"
+test_valid_repo'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-test_expect_failure 'that info/alternates is necessary' \
+test_expect_success 'that info/alternates is necessary' \
 'cd C &&
-rm .git/objects/info/alternates &&
-test_valid_repo'
+rm -f .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+! (test_valid_repo)'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -97,11 +101,12 @@ test_valid_repo'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-test_expect_failure 'that relative alternate is only possible for current dir' \
-'cd D &&
-test_valid_repo'
+test_expect_success \
+    'that relative alternate is only possible for current dir' '
+    cd D &&
+    ! (test_valid_repo)
+'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t6000lib.sh b/t/t6000lib.sh
index 4f72a3d890..985d517a1c 100644
--- a/t/t6000lib.sh
+++ b/t/t6000lib.sh
@@ -19,17 +19,17 @@ unique_commit()
 	_text=$1
         _tree=$2
 	shift 2
-    	echo $_text | git-commit-tree $(tag $_tree) "$@"
+	echo $_text | git commit-tree $(tag $_tree) "$@"
 }
 
 # Save the output of a command into the tag specified. Prepend
 # a substitution script for the tag onto the front of sed.script
 save_tag()
 {
-	_tag=$1	
+	_tag=$1
 	[ -n "$_tag" ] || error "usage: save_tag tag commit-args ..."
 	shift 1
-    	"$@" >.git/refs/tags/$_tag
+	"$@" >.git/refs/tags/$_tag
 
         echo "s/$(tag $_tag)/$_tag/g" > sed.script.tmp
 	cat sed.script >> sed.script.tmp
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ save_tag()
 	mv sed.script.tmp sed.script
 }
 
-# Replace unhelpful sha1 hashses with their symbolic equivalents 
+# Replace unhelpful sha1 hashses with their symbolic equivalents
 entag()
 {
 	sed -f sed.script
@@ -51,27 +51,30 @@ as_author()
 	shift 1
         _save=$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$_author"
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$_author"
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	"$@"
 	if test -z "$_save"
 	then
 		unset GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	else
-		export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$_save"
+		GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$_save"
+		export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	fi
 }
 
 commit_date()
 {
         _commit=$1
-	git-cat-file commit $_commit | sed -n "s/^committer .*> \([0-9]*\) .*/\1/p" 
+	git cat-file commit $_commit | sed -n "s/^committer .*> \([0-9]*\) .*/\1/p"
 }
 
 on_committer_date()
 {
     _date=$1
     shift 1
-    export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$_date"
+    GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$_date"
+    export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
     "$@"
     unset GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 }
@@ -99,20 +102,26 @@ check_output()
 # from front and back.
 name_from_description()
 {
-        tr "'" '-' | tr '~`!@#$%^&*()_+={}[]|\;:"<>,/? ' '-' | tr -s '-' | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' | sed "s/^-*//;s/-*\$//"
+	perl -pe '
+		s/[^A-Za-z0-9.]/-/g;
+		s/-+/-/g;
+		s/-$//;
+		s/^-//;
+		y/A-Z/a-z/;
+	'
 }
 
 
 # Execute the test described by the first argument, by eval'ing
 # command line specified in the 2nd argument. Check the status code
-# is zero and that the output matches the stream read from 
+# is zero and that the output matches the stream read from
 # stdin.
 test_output_expect_success()
-{	
+{
 	_description=$1
         _test=$2
         [ $# -eq 2 ] || error "usage: test_output_expect_success description test <<EOF ... EOF"
         _name=$(echo $_description | name_from_description)
 	cat > $_name.expected
-	test_expect_success "$_description" "check_output $_name \"$_test\"" 
+	test_expect_success "$_description" "check_output $_name \"$_test\""
 }
diff --git a/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh b/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
index fcb3302764..b4e8fbaa5e 100755
--- a/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
+++ b/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Jon Seymour
 #
-test_description='Tests git-rev-list --bisect functionality'
+test_description='Tests git rev-list --bisect functionality'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
 
 # usage: test_bisection max-diff bisect-option head ^prune...
 #
@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ test_bisection_diff()
 	_max_diff=$1
 	_bisect_option=$2
 	shift 2
-	_bisection=$(git-rev-list $_bisect_option "$@")
-	_list_size=$(git-rev-list "$@" | wc -l)
+	_bisection=$(git rev-list $_bisect_option "$@")
+	_list_size=$(git rev-list "$@" | wc -l)
         _head=$1
 	shift 1
-	_bisection_size=$(git-rev-list $_bisection "$@" | wc -l)
+	_bisection_size=$(git rev-list $_bisection "$@" | wc -l)
 	[ -n "$_list_size" -a -n "$_bisection_size" ] ||
 	error "test_bisection_diff failed"
 
 	# Test if bisection size is close to half of list size within
 	# tolerance.
-	# 
+	#
 	_bisect_err=`expr $_list_size - $_bisection_size \* 2`
 	test "$_bisect_err" -lt 0 && _bisect_err=`expr 0 - $_bisect_err`
 	_bisect_err=`expr $_bisect_err / 2` ; # floor
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ test_bisection_diff()
 }
 
 date >path0
-git-update-index --add path0
-save_tag tree git-write-tree
+git update-index --add path0
+save_tag tree git write-tree
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:00" hide_error save_tag root unique_commit root tree
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:01" save_tag l0 unique_commit l0 tree -p root
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:02" save_tag l1 unique_commit l1 tree -p l0
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:15" save_tag a4 unique_commit a4 tree -p a3
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:16" save_tag l3 unique_commit l3 tree -p a4
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:17" save_tag l4 unique_commit l4 tree -p l3
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:18" save_tag l5 unique_commit l5 tree -p l4
-git-update-ref HEAD $(tag l5)
+git update-ref HEAD $(tag l5)
 
 
 #     E
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:06" save_tag V unique_commit V tree -p u1 -p
 
 test_sequence()
 {
-	_bisect_option=$1	
-	
+	_bisect_option=$1
+
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option l0 ^root
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option l1 ^root
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option l2 ^root
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ test_sequence()
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option u3 ^U
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option u4 ^U
 	test_bisection_diff 0 $_bisect_option u5 ^U
-	
+
 #
 # the following illustrates Linus' binary bug blatt idea.
 #
@@ -163,23 +163,23 @@ test_sequence()
 # the bisection point is the head - this is the bad point.
 #
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^root' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^root' <<EOF
 c3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3' <<EOF
 b4
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3 ^b4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^c3 ^b4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^root ^c3 ^b4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l5 ^c3 ^b4' <<EOF
 l3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l3 ^root ^c3 ^b4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^root ^c3 ^b4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l3 ^root ^c3 ^b4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^root ^c3 ^b4' <<EOF
 a4
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^b3 ^a3 ^b4 ^a4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^b3 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l5 ^b3 ^a3 ^b4 ^a4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^b3 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
 l3
 EOF
 
@@ -187,11 +187,11 @@ EOF
 # if l3 is bad, then l4 is bad too - so advance the bad pointer by making b4 the known bad head
 #
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b ^a4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l4 ^a2 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b ^a4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l4 ^a2 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
 l3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b ^a4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^a2 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option l3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b ^a4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option l3 ^a2 ^a3 ^a4' <<EOF
 l3
 EOF
 
@@ -201,15 +201,15 @@ EOF
 # as another example, let's consider a4 to be the bad head, in which case
 #
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4' <<EOF
 c2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2' <<EOF
 c3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2 ^c3" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2 ^c3' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2 ^c3" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2 ^c3' <<EOF
 a4
 EOF
 
@@ -219,11 +219,11 @@ EOF
 # or consider c3 to be the bad head
 #
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option a4 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4' <<EOF
 c2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option c3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2" 'git-rev-list $_bisect_option c3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "$_bisect_option c3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2" 'git rev-list $_bisect_option c3 ^a2 ^a3 ^b4 ^c2' <<EOF
 c3
 EOF
 
diff --git a/t/t6003-rev-list-topo-order.sh b/t/t6003-rev-list-topo-order.sh
index d99a9ad39e..2c73f2da7b 100755
--- a/t/t6003-rev-list-topo-order.sh
+++ b/t/t6003-rev-list-topo-order.sh
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Jon Seymour
 #
 
-test_description='Tests git-rev-list --topo-order functionality'
+test_description='Tests git rev-list --topo-order functionality'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
 
 list_duplicates()
 {
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ list_duplicates()
 }
 
 date >path0
-git-update-index --add path0
-save_tag tree git-write-tree
+git update-index --add path0
+save_tag tree git write-tree
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:00" hide_error save_tag root unique_commit root tree
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:01" save_tag l0 unique_commit l0 tree -p root
 on_committer_date "1971-08-16 00:00:02" save_tag l1 unique_commit l1 tree -p l0
@@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ save_tag h2 unique_commit g4 tree -p g2
 save_tag g3 unique_commit g5 tree -p g2
 save_tag g4 unique_commit g6 tree -p g3 -p h2
 
-git-update-ref HEAD $(tag l5)
+git update-ref HEAD $(tag l5)
 
-test_output_expect_success 'rev-list has correct number of entries' 'git-rev-list HEAD | wc -l | tr -d \" \"' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'rev-list has correct number of entries' 'git rev-list HEAD | wc -l | tr -d \" \"' <<EOF
 19
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order' 'git-rev-list --topo-order  HEAD' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order' 'git rev-list --topo-order  HEAD' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ l0
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'two diamonds topo order (g6)' 'git-rev-list --topo-order  g4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'two diamonds topo order (g6)' 'git rev-list --topo-order  g4' <<EOF
 g4
 h2
 g3
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ g1
 g0
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads' 'git-rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads' 'git rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3' <<EOF
 a3
 a2
 a1
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ l0
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads, prune at a1' 'git-rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3 ^a1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads, prune at a1' 'git rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3 ^a1' <<EOF
 a3
 a2
 c3
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ b2
 b1
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads, prune at l1' 'git-rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3 ^l1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'multiple heads, prune at l1' 'git rev-list --topo-order a3 b3 c3 ^l1' <<EOF
 a3
 a2
 a1
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ a0
 l2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'cross-epoch, head at l5, prune at l1' 'git-rev-list --topo-order l5 ^l1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'cross-epoch, head at l5, prune at l1' 'git rev-list --topo-order l5 ^l1' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ a0
 l2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'duplicated head arguments' 'git-rev-list --topo-order l5 l5 ^l1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'duplicated head arguments' 'git rev-list --topo-order l5 l5 ^l1' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ a0
 l2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'prune near topo' 'git-rev-list --topo-order a4 ^c3' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'prune near topo' 'git rev-list --topo-order a4 ^c3' <<EOF
 a4
 b4
 a3
@@ -204,52 +204,52 @@ a1
 b3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "head has no parent" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  root' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "head has no parent" 'git rev-list --topo-order  root' <<EOF
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "two nodes - one head, one base" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l0' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "two nodes - one head, one base" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l0' <<EOF
 l0
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "three nodes one head, one internal, one base" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "three nodes one head, one internal, one base" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l1' <<EOF
 l1
 l0
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^root" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^root' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^root" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^root' <<EOF
 l2
 l1
 l0
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^l0" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^l0' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^l0" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^l0' <<EOF
 l2
 l1
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^l1" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^l1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l2 ^l1" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l2 ^l1' <<EOF
 l2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^a4" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^a4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^a4" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^a4' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^l3" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^l3' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^l3" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^l3' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^l4" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^l4' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "linear prune l5 ^l4" 'git rev-list --topo-order  l5 ^l4' <<EOF
 l5
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "max-count 10 - topo order" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  --max-count=10 l5' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "max-count 10 - topo order" 'git rev-list --topo-order  --max-count=10 l5' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ a3
 a2
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "max-count 10 - non topo order" 'git-rev-list --max-count=10 l5' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "max-count 10 - non topo order" 'git rev-list --max-count=10 l5' <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ c2
 b3
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success '--max-age=c3, no --topo-order' "git-rev-list --max-age=$(commit_date c3) l5" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success '--max-age=c3, no --topo-order' "git rev-list --max-age=$(commit_date c3) l5" <<EOF
 l5
 l4
 l3
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ EOF
 #
 # this test fails on --topo-order - a fix is required
 #
-#test_output_expect_success '--max-age=c3, --topo-order' "git-rev-list --topo-order --max-age=$(commit_date c3) l5" <<EOF
+#test_output_expect_success '--max-age=c3, --topo-order' "git rev-list --topo-order --max-age=$(commit_date c3) l5" <<EOF
 #l5
 #l4
 #l3
@@ -300,31 +300,31 @@ EOF
 #a2
 #EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another a4, c3, --topo-order' "list_duplicates git-rev-list --topo-order a4 c3" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another a4, c3, --topo-order' "list_duplicates git rev-list --topo-order a4 c3" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another c3, a4, --topo-order' "list_duplicates git-rev-list --topo-order c3 a4" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another c3, a4, --topo-order' "list_duplicates git rev-list --topo-order c3 a4" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another a4, c3, no --topo-order' "list_duplicates git-rev-list a4 c3" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another a4, c3, no --topo-order' "list_duplicates git rev-list a4 c3" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another c3, a4, no --topo-order' "list_duplicates git-rev-list c3 a4" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'one specified head reachable from another c3, a4, no --topo-order' "list_duplicates git rev-list c3 a4" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'graph with c3 and a4 parents of head' "list_duplicates git-rev-list m1" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'graph with c3 and a4 parents of head' "list_duplicates git rev-list m1" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'graph with a4 and c3 parents of head' "list_duplicates git-rev-list m2" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'graph with a4 and c3 parents of head' "list_duplicates git rev-list m2" <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "head ^head --topo-order" 'git-rev-list --topo-order  a3 ^a3' <<EOF
+test_expect_success "head ^head --topo-order" 'git rev-list --topo-order  a3 ^a3' <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "head ^head no --topo-order" 'git-rev-list a3 ^a3' <<EOF
+test_expect_success "head ^head no --topo-order" 'git rev-list a3 ^a3' <<EOF
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order (l5r1)' 'git-rev-list --topo-order  l5r1' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order (l5r1)' 'git rev-list --topo-order  l5r1' <<EOF
 l5r1
 r1
 r0
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ l0
 root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order (r1l5)' 'git-rev-list --topo-order  r1l5' <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success 'simple topo order (r1l5)' 'git rev-list --topo-order  r1l5' <<EOF
 r1l5
 l5
 l4
@@ -376,13 +376,13 @@ r0
 alt_root
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "don't print things unreachable from one branch" "git-rev-list a3 ^b3 --topo-order" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "don't print things unreachable from one branch" "git rev-list a3 ^b3 --topo-order" <<EOF
 a3
 a2
 a1
 EOF
 
-test_output_expect_success "--topo-order a4 l3" "git-rev-list --topo-order a4 l3" <<EOF
+test_output_expect_success "--topo-order a4 l3" "git rev-list --topo-order a4 l3" <<EOF
 l3
 a4
 c3
diff --git a/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh b/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
index 761f09b1e5..5dabf1c5e3 100755
--- a/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
+++ b/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-rev-list trivial path optimization test'
+test_description='git rev-list trivial path optimization test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ initial=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 '
 
 test_expect_success path-optimization '
-    commit=$(echo "Unchanged tree" | git-commit-tree "HEAD^{tree}" -p HEAD) &&
-    test $(git-rev-list $commit | wc -l) = 2 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list $commit -- . | wc -l) = 1
+    commit=$(echo "Unchanged tree" | git commit-tree "HEAD^{tree}" -p HEAD) &&
+    test $(git rev-list $commit | wc -l) = 2 &&
+    test $(git rev-list $commit -- . | wc -l) = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'further setup' '
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ test_expect_success 'further setup' '
 test_expect_success 'path optimization 2' '
 	( echo "$side"; echo "$initial" ) >expected &&
 	git rev-list HEAD -- a >actual &&
-	diff -u expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6005-rev-list-count.sh b/t/t6005-rev-list-count.sh
index 334fccf58c..0b64822bf6 100755
--- a/t/t6005-rev-list-count.sh
+++ b/t/t6005-rev-list-count.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-rev-list --max-count and --skip test'
+test_description='git rev-list --max-count and --skip test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -13,39 +13,39 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no options' '
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD | wc -l) = 5
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD | wc -l) = 5
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--max-count' '
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --max-count=3 | wc -l) = 3 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --max-count=5 | wc -l) = 5 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 5
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --max-count=3 | wc -l) = 3 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --max-count=5 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 5
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--max-count all forms' '
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --max-count=1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD -1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD -n1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD -n 1 | wc -l) = 1
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --max-count=1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD -1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD -n1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD -n 1 | wc -l) = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--skip' '
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=0 | wc -l) = 5 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=3 | wc -l) = 2 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=5 | wc -l) = 0 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=10 | wc -l) = 0
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=0 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=3 | wc -l) = 2 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=5 | wc -l) = 0 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=10 | wc -l) = 0
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--skip --max-count' '
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=0 --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=0 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 5 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=2 | wc -l) = 2 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 2 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=5 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 0 &&
-    test $(git-rev-list HEAD --skip=10 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 0
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=0 --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=0 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=0 | wc -l) = 0 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=1 | wc -l) = 1 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=2 | wc -l) = 2 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=3 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 2 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=5 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 0 &&
+    test $(git rev-list HEAD --skip=10 --max-count=10 | wc -l) = 0
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index aab17face8..59d1f6283b 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-rev-list --pretty=format test'
+test_description='git rev-list --pretty=format test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_tick
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-touch foo && git-add foo && git-commit -m "added foo" &&
-  echo changed >foo && git-commit -a -m "changed foo"
+touch foo && git add foo && git commit -m "added foo" &&
+  echo changed >foo && git commit -a -m "changed foo"
 '
 
 # usage: test_format name format_string <expected_output
 test_format() {
 	cat >expect.$1
 	test_expect_success "format $1" "
-git-rev-list --pretty=format:$2 master >output.$1 &&
-git-diff expect.$1 output.$1
+git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
+test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
 "
 }
 
@@ -79,9 +79,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_format encoding %e <<'EOF'
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
-<unknown>
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
-<unknown>
 EOF
 
 test_format subject %s <<'EOF'
@@ -93,9 +91,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_format body %b <<'EOF'
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
-<unknown>
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
-<unknown>
 EOF
 
 test_format colors %Credfoo%Cgreenbar%Cbluebaz%Cresetxyzzy <<'EOF'
@@ -105,6 +101,13 @@ commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 foobarbazxyzzy
 EOF
 
+test_format advanced-colors '%C(red yellow bold)foo%C(reset)' <<'EOF'
+commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
+foo
+commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
+foo
+EOF
+
 cat >commit-msg <<'EOF'
 Test printing of complex bodies
 
@@ -113,17 +116,15 @@ and it will be encoded in iso8859-1. We should therefore
 include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'setup complex body' '
-git-config i18n.commitencoding iso8859-1 &&
-  echo change2 >foo && git-commit -a -F commit-msg
+git config i18n.commitencoding iso8859-1 &&
+  echo change2 >foo && git commit -a -F commit-msg
 '
 
 test_format complex-encoding %e <<'EOF'
 commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea
 iso8859-1
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
-<unknown>
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
-<unknown>
 EOF
 
 test_format complex-subject %s <<'EOF'
@@ -142,9 +143,23 @@ and it will be encoded in iso8859-1. We should therefore
 include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
 
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
-<unknown>
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
-<unknown>
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success '%ad respects --date=' '
+	echo 2005-04-07 >expect.ad-short &&
+	git log -1 --date=short --pretty=tformat:%ad >output.ad-short master &&
+	test_cmp expect.ad-short output.ad-short
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty email' '
+	test_tick &&
+	C=$(GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL= git commit-tree HEAD^{tree} </dev/null) &&
+	A=$(git show --pretty=format:%an,%ae,%ad%n -s $C) &&
+	test "$A" = "A U Thor,,Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700" || {
+		echo "Eh? $A" >failure
+		false
+	}
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4b8611ce20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git rev-list --cherry-pick -- file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# A---B
+#  \
+#   \
+#    C
+#
+# B changes a file foo.c, adding a line of text.  C changes foo.c as
+# well as bar.c, but the change in foo.c was identical to change B.
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo Hallo > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "A" &&
+	git tag A &&
+	git checkout -b branch &&
+	echo Bello > foo &&
+	echo Cello > bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "C" &&
+	git tag C &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout branch foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "B" &&
+	git tag B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick foo comes up empty' '
+	test -z "$(git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- foo)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick bar does not come up empty' '
+	! test -z "$(git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- bar)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick with independent, but identical branches' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/independent &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	echo Hallo > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "independent" &&
+	echo Bello > foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "independent, too" foo &&
+	test -z "$(git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick \
+		HEAD...master -- foo)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh b/t/t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c4af9ca0a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='git rev-list involving submodules that this repo has'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	: > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo 1 > file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second file &&
+	echo 2 > file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third file &&
+
+	rm .git/index &&
+
+	: > super-file &&
+	git add super-file &&
+	git submodule add "$(pwd)" sub &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/super &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m super-initial &&
+	echo 1 > super-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m super-first super-file &&
+	echo 2 > super-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m super-second super-file
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Ilari's test" '
+	git rev-list --objects super master ^super^
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c8a96a9a99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='properly cull all ancestors'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	echo $1 >file &&
+	git commit -a -m $1 &&
+	git tag $1
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	touch file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	commit one &&
+
+	test_tick=$(($test_tick - 2400))
+
+	commit two &&
+	commit three &&
+	commit four &&
+
+	git log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'one is ancestor of others and should not be shown' '
+
+	git rev-list one --not four >result &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect result
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
index b15920b852..04e4b7c5c2 100755
--- a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
+++ b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
@@ -8,15 +8,16 @@ test_description='Merge base computation.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-T=$(git-write-tree)
+T=$(git write-tree)
 
 M=1130000000
 Z=+0000
 
-export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=git@comm.iter.xz
-export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mmiter'
-export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'
-export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=git@au.thor.xz
+GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=git@comm.iter.xz
+GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mmiter'
+GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'
+GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=git@au.thor.xz
+export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
 doit() {
 	OFFSET=$1; shift
@@ -29,11 +30,17 @@ doit() {
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$(($M + $OFFSET)) $Z"
 	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-	commit=$(echo $NAME | git-commit-tree $T $PARENTS)
+	commit=$(echo $NAME | git commit-tree $T $PARENTS)
 	echo $commit >.git/refs/tags/$NAME
 	echo $commit
 }
 
+#  E---D---C---B---A
+#  \'-_         \   \
+#   \  `---------G   \
+#    \                \
+#     F----------------H
+
 # Setup...
 E=$(doit 5 E)
 D=$(doit 4 D $E)
@@ -44,6 +51,18 @@ A=$(doit 1 A $B)
 G=$(doit 7 G $B $E)
 H=$(doit 8 H $A $F)
 
+test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (single)' \
+    'MB=$(git merge-base G H) &&
+     expr "$(git name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+
+test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (all)' \
+    'MB=$(git merge-base --all G H) &&
+     expr "$(git name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+
+test_expect_success 'compute merge-base with show-branch' \
+    'MB=$(git show-branch --merge-base G H) &&
+     expr "$(git name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+
 # Setup for second test to demonstrate that relying on timestamps in a
 # distributed SCM to provide a _consistent_ partial ordering of commits
 # leads to insanity.
@@ -82,23 +101,59 @@ PL=$(doit  4 PL $L2 $C2)
 PR=$(doit  4 PR $C2 $R2)
 
 test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (single)' \
-    'MB=$(git-merge-base G H) &&
-     expr "$(git-name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+    'MB=$(git merge-base PL PR) &&
+     expr "$(git name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/C2"'
 
 test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (all)' \
-    'MB=$(git-merge-base --all G H) &&
-     expr "$(git-name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+    'MB=$(git merge-base --all PL PR) &&
+     expr "$(git name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/C2"'
+
+# Another set to demonstrate base between one commit and a merge
+# in the documentation.
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-base for octopus-step (setup)' '
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m root && git tag MMR &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m 1 && git tag MM1 &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m A && git tag MMA &&
+	git checkout MM1 &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m B && git tag MMB &&
+	git checkout MMR &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m C && git tag MMC
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'compute merge-base with show-branch' \
-    'MB=$(git-show-branch --merge-base G H) &&
-     expr "$(git-name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/B"'
+test_expect_success 'merge-base A B C' '
+	MB=$(git merge-base --all MMA MMB MMC) &&
+	MM1=$(git rev-parse --verify MM1) &&
+	test "$MM1" = "$MB"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (single)' \
-    'MB=$(git-merge-base PL PR) &&
-     expr "$(git-name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/C2"'
+test_expect_success 'criss-cross merge-base for octopus-step (setup)' '
+	git reset --hard MMR &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m 1 && git tag CC1 &&
+	git reset --hard E &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m 2 && git tag CC2 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours CC1 &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m o &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m B && git tag CCB &&
+	git reset --hard CC1 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours CC2 &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m A && git tag CCA
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (all)' \
-    'MB=$(git-merge-base --all PL PR) &&
-     expr "$(git-name-rev "$MB")" : "[0-9a-f]* tags/C2"'
+test_expect_success 'merge-base B A^^ A^^2' '
+	MB0=$(git merge-base --all CCB CCA^^ CCA^^2 | sort) &&
+	MB1=$(git rev-parse CC1 CC2 | sort) &&
+	test "$MB0" = "$MB1"
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh b/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e51eb41f4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rev-list should notice bad commits'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Note:
+# - compression level is set to zero to make "corruptions" easier to perform
+# - reflog is disabled to avoid extra references which would twart the test
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' \
+   '
+   git init &&
+   git config core.compression 0 &&
+   git config core.logallrefupdates false &&
+   echo "foo" > foo &&
+   git add foo &&
+   git commit -m "first commit" &&
+   echo "bar" > bar &&
+   git add bar &&
+   git commit -m "second commit" &&
+   echo "baz" > baz &&
+   git add baz &&
+   git commit -m "third commit" &&
+   echo "foo again" >> foo &&
+   git add foo &&
+   git commit -m "fourth commit" &&
+   git repack -a -f -d
+   '
+
+test_expect_success 'verify number of revisions' \
+   '
+   revs=$(git rev-list --all | wc -l) &&
+   test $revs -eq 4 &&
+   first_commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3)
+   '
+
+test_expect_success 'corrupt second commit object' \
+   '
+   perl -i.bak -pe "s/second commit/socond commit/" .git/objects/pack/*.pack &&
+   test_must_fail git fsck --full
+   '
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list should fail' \
+   '
+   test_must_fail git rev-list --all > /dev/null
+   '
+
+test_expect_success 'git repack _MUST_ fail' \
+   '
+   test_must_fail git repack -a -f -d
+   '
+
+test_expect_success 'first commit is still available' \
+   '
+   git log $first_commit
+   '
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..510bb9679f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge simplification'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+note () {
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+_x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+
+unnote () {
+	git name-rev --tags --stdin | sed -e "s|$_x40 (tags/\([^)]*\)) |\1 |g"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo "Hi there" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Initial file" &&
+	note A &&
+
+	git branch other-branch &&
+
+	echo "Hello" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Modified file" &&
+	note B &&
+
+	git checkout other-branch &&
+
+	echo "Hello" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Modified the file identically" &&
+	note C &&
+
+	echo "This is a stupid example" >another-file &&
+	git add another-file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Add another file" &&
+	note D &&
+
+	test_tick && git merge -m "merge" master &&
+	note E &&
+
+	echo "Yet another" >elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Irrelevant change" &&
+	note F &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo "Yet another" >elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Another irrelevant change" &&
+	note G &&
+
+	test_tick && git merge -m "merge" other-branch &&
+	note H &&
+
+	echo "Final change" >file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -a -m "Final change" &&
+	note I
+'
+
+FMT='tformat:%P 	%H | %s'
+
+check_result () {
+	for c in $1
+	do
+		echo "$c"
+	done >expect &&
+	shift &&
+	param="$*" &&
+	test_expect_success "log $param" '
+		git log --pretty="$FMT" --parents $param |
+		unnote >actual &&
+		sed -e "s/^.*	\([^ ]*\) .*/\1/" >check <actual &&
+		test_cmp expect check || {
+			cat actual
+			false
+		}
+	'
+}
+
+check_result 'I H G F E D C B A' --full-history
+check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history -- file
+check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history --topo-order -- file
+check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history --date-order -- file
+check_result 'I E C B A' --simplify-merges -- file
+check_result 'I B A' -- file
+check_result 'I B A' --topo-order -- file
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..59fc2f06e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='--reverse combines with --parents'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	echo $1 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up --reverse example' '
+	commit one &&
+	git tag root &&
+	commit two &&
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	commit three &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge -s ours side &&
+	commit five
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--reverse --parents --full-history combines correctly' '
+	git rev-list --parents --full-history master -- foo |
+		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
+	git rev-list --reverse --parents --full-history master -- foo \
+		> actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--boundary does too' '
+	git rev-list --boundary --parents --full-history master ^root -- foo |
+		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
+	git rev-list --boundary --reverse --parents --full-history \
+		master ^root -- foo > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..991ab4a65b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='--all includes detached HEADs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	echo $1 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	commit one &&
+	commit two &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	commit detached
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --all lists detached HEAD' '
+
+	test 3 = $(git rev-list --all | wc -l)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack does not lose detached HEAD' '
+
+	git gc &&
+	git prune --expire=now &&
+	git show HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh b/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
index 499cafb882..331b9b07d4 100755
--- a/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
+++ b/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare repository' \
 7
 8
 9" > file &&
-git add file && 
+git add file &&
 git commit -m "Initial commit" file &&
 git branch A &&
 git branch B &&
@@ -89,4 +89,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'Criss-cross merge result' 'cmp file file-expect'
 
+test_expect_success 'Criss-cross merge fails (-s resolve)' \
+'git reset --hard A^ &&
+test_must_fail git merge -s resolve -m "final merge" B'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
index b608e202c1..e3f7ae8120 100755
--- a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ git branch white &&
 git branch red &&
 git branch blue &&
 git branch yellow &&
+git branch change &&
+git branch change+rename &&
 
 sed -e "/^g /s/.*/g : master changes a line/" <A >A+ &&
 mv A+ A &&
@@ -77,6 +79,17 @@ rm -f A M &&
 git update-index --add --remove A C M N &&
 git commit -m "blue renames A->C, M->N" &&
 
+git checkout change &&
+sed -e "/^g /s/.*/g : changed line/" <A >A+ &&
+mv A+ A &&
+git commit -q -a -m "changed" &&
+
+git checkout change+rename &&
+sed -e "/^g /s/.*/g : changed line/" <A >B &&
+rm A &&
+git update-index --add B &&
+git commit -q -a -m "changed and renamed" &&
+
 git checkout master'
 
 test_expect_success 'pull renaming branch into unrenaming one' \
@@ -318,4 +331,14 @@ test_expect_success 'interference with untracked working tree file' '
 	git reset --hard anchor
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge of identical changes in a renamed file' '
+	rm -f A M N
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout change+rename &&
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change | grep "^Skipped B" &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git checkout change &&
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename | grep "^Skipped B"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
index c76fccfb5a..7dcf391914 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
@@ -54,20 +54,26 @@ deduxit me super semitas jusitiae,
 EOF
 printf "propter nomen suum." >> new4.txt
 
+test_expect_success 'merge with no changes' '
+	cp orig.txt test.txt &&
+	git merge-file test.txt orig.txt orig.txt &&
+	test_cmp test.txt orig.txt
+'
+
 cp new1.txt test.txt
 test_expect_success "merge without conflict" \
-	"git-merge-file test.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
+	"git merge-file test.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
 
 cp new1.txt test2.txt
 test_expect_success "merge without conflict (missing LF at EOF)" \
-	"git-merge-file test2.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
+	"git merge-file test2.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
 
 test_expect_success "merge result added missing LF" \
-	"git diff test.txt test2.txt"
+	"test_cmp test.txt test2.txt"
 
 cp test.txt backup.txt
-test_expect_failure "merge with conflicts" \
-	"git-merge-file test.txt orig.txt new3.txt"
+test_expect_success "merge with conflicts" \
+	"test_must_fail git merge-file test.txt orig.txt new3.txt"
 
 cat > expect.txt << EOF
 <<<<<<< test.txt
@@ -86,11 +92,11 @@ non timebo mala, quoniam tu mecum es:
 virga tua et baculus tuus ipsa me consolata sunt.
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "expected conflict markers" "git diff test.txt expect.txt"
+test_expect_success "expected conflict markers" "test_cmp test.txt expect.txt"
 
 cp backup.txt test.txt
-test_expect_failure "merge with conflicts, using -L" \
-	"git-merge-file -L 1 -L 2 test.txt orig.txt new3.txt"
+test_expect_success "merge with conflicts, using -L" \
+	"test_must_fail git merge-file -L 1 -L 2 test.txt orig.txt new3.txt"
 
 cat > expect.txt << EOF
 <<<<<<< 1
@@ -110,11 +116,11 @@ virga tua et baculus tuus ipsa me consolata sunt.
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success "expected conflict markers, with -L" \
-	"git diff test.txt expect.txt"
+	"test_cmp test.txt expect.txt"
 
 sed "s/ tu / TU /" < new1.txt > new5.txt
-test_expect_failure "conflict in removed tail" \
-	"git-merge-file -p orig.txt new1.txt new5.txt > out"
+test_expect_success "conflict in removed tail" \
+	"test_must_fail git merge-file -p orig.txt new1.txt new5.txt > out"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 Dominus regit me,
@@ -132,7 +138,77 @@ virga tua et baculus tuus ipsa me consolata sunt.
 >>>>>>> new5.txt
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "expected conflict markers" "git diff expect out"
+test_expect_success "expected conflict markers" "test_cmp expect out"
+
+test_expect_success 'binary files cannot be merged' '
+	test_must_fail git merge-file -p \
+		orig.txt "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test4012.png new1.txt 2> merge.err &&
+	grep "Cannot merge binary files" merge.err
+'
+
+sed -e "s/deerit.$/deerit;/" -e "s/me;$/me./" < new5.txt > new6.txt
+sed -e "s/deerit.$/deerit,/" -e "s/me;$/me,/" < new5.txt > new7.txt
+
+test_expect_success 'MERGE_ZEALOUS simplifies non-conflicts' '
+
+	test_must_fail git merge-file -p new6.txt new5.txt new7.txt > output &&
+	test 1 = $(grep ======= < output | wc -l)
+
+'
+
+sed -e 's/deerit./&%%%%/' -e "s/locavit,/locavit;/"< new6.txt | tr '%' '\012' > new8.txt
+sed -e 's/deerit./&%%%%/' -e "s/locavit,/locavit --/" < new7.txt | tr '%' '\012' > new9.txt
+
+test_expect_success 'ZEALOUS_ALNUM' '
+
+	test_must_fail git merge-file -p \
+		new8.txt new5.txt new9.txt > merge.out &&
+	test 1 = $(grep ======= < merge.out | wc -l)
+
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Dominus regit me,
+<<<<<<< new8.txt
+et nihil mihi deerit;
+
+
+
+
+In loco pascuae ibi me collocavit;
+super aquam refectionis educavit me.
+|||||||
+et nihil mihi deerit.
+In loco pascuae ibi me collocavit,
+super aquam refectionis educavit me;
+=======
+et nihil mihi deerit,
+
 
-test_done
 
+
+In loco pascuae ibi me collocavit --
+super aquam refectionis educavit me,
+>>>>>>> new9.txt
+animam meam convertit,
+deduxit me super semitas jusitiae,
+propter nomen suum.
+Nam et si ambulavero in medio umbrae mortis,
+non timebo mala, quoniam TU mecum es:
+virga tua et baculus tuus ipsa me consolata sunt.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '"diff3 -m" style output (1)' '
+	test_must_fail git merge-file -p --diff3 \
+		new8.txt new5.txt new9.txt >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"diff3 -m" style output (2)' '
+	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-file -p \
+		new8.txt new5.txt new9.txt >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
index a398556137..b3fbf659c0 100755
--- a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ echo B > a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:02" git commit -m B a1 &&
 
 git checkout -b D A &&
-git-rev-parse B > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+git rev-parse B > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 echo D > a1 &&
 git update-index a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:03" git commit -m D &&
@@ -42,43 +42,81 @@ echo C > a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:05" git commit -m C a1 &&
 
 git checkout -b E C &&
-git-rev-parse B > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+git rev-parse B > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 echo E > a1 &&
 git update-index a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:06" git commit -m E &&
 
 git checkout -b G E &&
-git-rev-parse A > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+git rev-parse A > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 echo G > a1 &&
 git update-index a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:07" git commit -m G &&
 
 git checkout -b F D &&
-git-rev-parse C > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+git rev-parse C > .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 echo F > a1 &&
 git update-index a1 &&
 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-12-12 23:00:08" git commit -m F
 '
 
-test_expect_failure "combined merge conflicts" "git merge -m final G"
+test_expect_success "combined merge conflicts" "
+	test_must_fail git merge -m final G
+"
 
 cat > expect << EOF
-<<<<<<< HEAD:a1
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 F
 =======
 G
->>>>>>> G:a1
+>>>>>>> G
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "result contains a conflict" "git diff expect a1"
+test_expect_success "result contains a conflict" "test_cmp expect a1"
 
 git ls-files --stage > out
 cat > expect << EOF
-100644 da056ce14a2241509897fa68bb2b3b6e6194ef9e 1	a1
+100644 439cc46de773d8a83c77799b7cc9191c128bfcff 1	a1
 100644 cf84443e49e1b366fac938711ddf4be2d4d1d9e9 2	a1
 100644 fd7923529855d0b274795ae3349c5e0438333979 3	a1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "virtual trees were processed" "git diff expect out"
+test_expect_success "virtual trees were processed" "test_cmp expect out"
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse to merge binary files' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	printf "\0" > binary-file &&
+	git add binary-file &&
+	git commit -m binary &&
+	git checkout G &&
+	printf "\0\0" > binary-file &&
+	git add binary-file &&
+	git commit -m binary2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge F > merge.out 2> merge.err &&
+	grep "Cannot merge binary files: binary-file (HEAD vs. F)" merge.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mark rename/delete as unmerged' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b delete &&
+	git rm a1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m delete &&
+	git checkout -b rename HEAD^ &&
+	git mv a1 a2
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	test_must_fail git merge delete &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l) &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :2:a2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :3:a2 &&
+	git checkout -f delete &&
+	test_must_fail git merge rename &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :2:a2 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :3:a2
+
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6025-merge-symlinks.sh b/t/t6025-merge-symlinks.sh
index 3c1a6972bd..433c4de08f 100755
--- a/t/t6025-merge-symlinks.sh
+++ b/t/t6025-merge-symlinks.sh
@@ -5,55 +5,54 @@
 
 test_description='merging symlinks on filesystem w/o symlink support.
 
-This tests that git-merge-recursive writes merge results as plain files
+This tests that git merge-recursive writes merge results as plain files
 if core.symlinks is false.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
 'setup' '
-git-config core.symlinks false &&
+git config core.symlinks false &&
 > file &&
-git-add file &&
-git-commit -m initial &&
-git-branch b-symlink &&
-git-branch b-file &&
-l=$(echo -n file | git-hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
-echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git-update-index --index-info &&
-git-commit -m master &&
-git-checkout b-symlink &&
-l=$(echo -n file-different | git-hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
-echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git-update-index --index-info &&
-git-commit -m b-symlink &&
-git-checkout b-file &&
+git add file &&
+git commit -m initial &&
+git branch b-symlink &&
+git branch b-file &&
+l=$(printf file | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git update-index --index-info &&
+git commit -m master &&
+git checkout b-symlink &&
+l=$(printf file-different | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+echo "120000 $l	symlink" | git update-index --index-info &&
+git commit -m b-symlink &&
+git checkout b-file &&
 echo plain-file > symlink &&
-git-add symlink &&
-git-commit -m b-file'
+git add symlink &&
+git commit -m b-file'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
 'merge master into b-symlink, which has a different symbolic link' '
-! git-checkout b-symlink ||
-git-merge master'
+git checkout b-symlink &&
+test_must_fail git merge master'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the merge result must be a file' '
 test -f symlink'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
 'merge master into b-file, which has a file instead of a symbolic link' '
-! (git-reset --hard &&
-git-checkout b-file) ||
-git-merge master'
+git reset --hard && git checkout b-file &&
+test_must_fail git merge master'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the merge result must be a file' '
 test -f symlink'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
 'merge b-file, which has a file instead of a symbolic link, into master' '
-! (git-reset --hard &&
-git-checkout master) ||
-git-merge b-file'
+git reset --hard &&
+git checkout master &&
+test_must_fail git merge b-file'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the merge result must be a file' '
diff --git a/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh b/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1ba0a25223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Junio C Hamano
+#
+
+test_description='per path merge controlled by merge attribute'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	for f in text binary union
+	do
+		echo Initial >$f && git add $f || break
+	done &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Initial &&
+
+	git branch side &&
+	for f in text binary union
+	do
+		echo Master >>$f && git add $f || break
+	done &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Master &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	for f in text binary union
+	do
+		echo Side >>$f && git add $f || break
+	done &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m Side &&
+
+	git tag anchor
+'
+
+test_expect_success merge '
+
+	{
+		echo "binary -merge"
+		echo "union merge=union"
+	} >.gitattributes &&
+
+	if git merge master
+	then
+		echo Gaah, should have conflicted
+		false
+	else
+		echo Ok, conflicted.
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check merge result in index' '
+
+	git ls-files -u | grep binary &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep text &&
+	! (git ls-files -u | grep union)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check merge result in working tree' '
+
+	git cat-file -p HEAD:binary >binary-orig &&
+	grep "<<<<<<<" text &&
+	cmp binary-orig binary &&
+	! grep "<<<<<<<" union &&
+	grep Master union &&
+	grep Side union
+
+'
+
+cat >./custom-merge <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+
+orig="$1" ours="$2" theirs="$3" exit="$4"
+(
+	echo "orig is $orig"
+	echo "ours is $ours"
+	echo "theirs is $theirs"
+	echo "=== orig ==="
+	cat "$orig"
+	echo "=== ours ==="
+	cat "$ours"
+	echo "=== theirs ==="
+	cat "$theirs"
+) >"$ours+"
+cat "$ours+" >"$ours"
+rm -f "$ours+"
+exit "$exit"
+EOF
+chmod +x ./custom-merge
+
+test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
+
+	echo "* merge=union" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "text merge=custom" >>.gitattributes &&
+
+	git reset --hard anchor &&
+	git config --replace-all \
+	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 0" &&
+	git config --replace-all \
+	merge.custom.name "custom merge driver for testing" &&
+
+	git merge master &&
+
+	cmp binary union &&
+	sed -e 1,3d text >check-1 &&
+	o=$(git unpack-file master^:text) &&
+	a=$(git unpack-file side^:text) &&
+	b=$(git unpack-file master:text) &&
+	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0" &&
+	sed -e 1,3d $a >check-2 &&
+	cmp check-1 check-2 &&
+	rm -f $o $a $b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
+
+	git reset --hard anchor &&
+	git config --replace-all \
+	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 1" &&
+	git config --replace-all \
+	merge.custom.name "custom merge driver for testing" &&
+
+	if git merge master
+	then
+		echo "Eh? should have conflicted"
+		false
+	else
+		echo "Ok, conflicted"
+	fi &&
+
+	cmp binary union &&
+	sed -e 1,3d text >check-1 &&
+	o=$(git unpack-file master^:text) &&
+	a=$(git unpack-file anchor:text) &&
+	b=$(git unpack-file master:text) &&
+	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0" &&
+	sed -e 1,3d $a >check-2 &&
+	cmp check-1 check-2 &&
+	rm -f $o $a $b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'up-to-date merge without common ancestor' '
+	test_create_repo repo1 &&
+	test_create_repo repo2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd repo1 &&
+		>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m initial
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd repo2 &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m initial
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd repo1 &&
+		git pull ../repo2 master
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6027-merge-binary.sh b/t/t6027-merge-binary.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b519626ca0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6027-merge-binary.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='ask merge-recursive to merge binary files'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test4012.png >m &&
+	git add m &&
+	git ls-files -s | sed -e "s/ 0	/ 1	/" >E1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "initial" &&
+
+	git branch side &&
+	echo frotz >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	echo nitfol >>m &&
+	git add a m &&
+	git ls-files -s a >E0 &&
+	git ls-files -s m | sed -e "s/ 0	/ 3	/" >E3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "master adds some" &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo rezrov >>m &&
+	git add m &&
+	git ls-files -s m | sed -e "s/ 0	/ 2	/" >E2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "side modifies" &&
+
+	git tag anchor &&
+
+	cat E0 E1 E2 E3 >expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success resolve '
+
+	rm -f a* m* &&
+	git reset --hard anchor &&
+
+	if git merge -s resolve master
+	then
+		echo Oops, should not have succeeded
+		false
+	else
+		git ls-files -s >current
+		test_cmp current expect
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success recursive '
+
+	rm -f a* m* &&
+	git reset --hard anchor &&
+
+	if git merge -s recursive master
+	then
+		echo Oops, should not have succeeded
+		false
+	else
+		git ls-files -s >current
+		test_cmp current expect
+	fi
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f8f3e3ff2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge fast forward and up to date'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+
+	echo second >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git branch test
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge -s recursive up-to-date' '
+
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s recursive c0 &&
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c1) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge -s recursive fast-forward' '
+
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s recursive c1 &&
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c1) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge -s ours up-to-date' '
+
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s ours c0 &&
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c1) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge -s ours fast-forward' '
+
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s ours c1 &&
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c0^{tree}) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge -s subtree up-to-date' '
+
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s subtree c0 &&
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c1) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5bbfa44e8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='subtree merge strategy'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	s="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8"
+	for i in $s; do echo $i; done >hello &&
+	git add hello &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	echo >>hello world &&
+	git add hello &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	for i in mundo $s; do echo $i; done >hello &&
+	git add hello &&
+	git commit -m master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subtree available and works like recursive' '
+
+	git merge -s subtree side &&
+	for i in mundo $s world; do echo $i; done >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect hello
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir git-gui &&
+	cd git-gui &&
+	git init &&
+	echo git-gui > git-gui.sh &&
+	o1=$(git hash-object git-gui.sh) &&
+	git add git-gui.sh &&
+	git commit -m "initial git-gui" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	mkdir git &&
+	cd git &&
+	git init &&
+	echo git >git.c &&
+	o2=$(git hash-object git.c) &&
+	git add git.c &&
+	git commit -m "initial git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'initial merge' '
+	git remote add -f gui ../git-gui &&
+	git merge -s ours --no-commit gui/master &&
+	git read-tree --prefix=git-gui/ -u gui/master &&
+	git commit -m "Merge git-gui as our subdirectory" &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge update' '
+	cd ../git-gui &&
+	echo git-gui2 > git-gui.sh &&
+	o3=$(git hash-object git-gui.sh) &&
+	git add git-gui.sh &&
+	git commit -m "update git-gui" &&
+	cd ../git &&
+	git pull -s subtree gui master &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1315bab595
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Christian Couder
+#
+test_description='Tests git bisect functionality'
+
+exec </dev/null
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_line_into_file()
+{
+    _line=$1
+    _file=$2
+
+    if [ -f "$_file" ]; then
+        echo "$_line" >> $_file || return $?
+        MSG="Add <$_line> into <$_file>."
+    else
+        echo "$_line" > $_file || return $?
+        git add $_file || return $?
+        MSG="Create file <$_file> with <$_line> inside."
+    fi
+
+    test_tick
+    git commit --quiet -m "$MSG" $_file
+}
+
+HASH1=
+HASH2=
+HASH3=
+HASH4=
+
+test_expect_success 'set up basic repo with 1 file (hello) and 4 commits' '
+     add_line_into_file "1: Hello World" hello &&
+     HASH1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     add_line_into_file "2: A new day for git" hello &&
+     HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     add_line_into_file "3: Another new day for git" hello &&
+     HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     add_line_into_file "4: Ciao for now" hello &&
+     HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect starts with only one bad' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect next
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect does not start with only one good' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 || return 1
+
+	if git bisect next
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		:
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start with one bad and good' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect next
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect fails if given any junk instead of revs' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start foo $HASH1 -- &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 bar -- &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/*")" &&
+	test -z "$(ls .git/BISECT_* 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect good foo $HASH1 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect good $HASH1 bar &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad frotz &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad $HASH3 $HASH4 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect skip bar $HASH3 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect skip $HASH1 foo &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/*")" &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect reset: back in the master branch' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	echo "* master" > branch.expect &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	cmp branch.expect branch.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect reset: back in another branch' '
+	git checkout -b other &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH3 &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	echo "  master" > branch.expect &&
+	echo "* other" >> branch.expect &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	cmp branch.expect branch.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect reset when not bisecting' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	cmp branch.expect branch.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect reset removes packed refs' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH3 &&
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	git bisect next &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/*")" &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/heads/bisect")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start: back in good branch' '
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	grep "* other" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 -- &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 -- &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	grep "* other" branch.output > /dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if junk rev' '
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 -- &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH4 foo -- &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	grep "* other" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail test -e .git/BISECT_START
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if mistaken rev' '
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 -- &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH1 $HASH4 -- &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	grep "* other" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail test -e .git/BISECT_START
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if checkout error' '
+	echo "temp stuff" > hello &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 -- &&
+	git branch &&
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	grep "* other" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail test -e .git/BISECT_START &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/*")" &&
+	git checkout HEAD hello
+'
+
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is bad, we skip $HASH3
+# but $HASH2 is bad,
+# so we should find $HASH2 as the first bad commit
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: successfull result' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is bad, we skip $HASH3 and $HASH2
+# so we should not be able to tell the first bad commit
+# among $HASH2, $HASH3 and $HASH4
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: cannot tell between 3 commits' '
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip || return 1
+
+	if git bisect skip > my_bisect_log.txt
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		test $? -eq 2 &&
+		grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH1 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH2 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH3 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		git bisect reset
+	fi
+'
+
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is bad, we skip $HASH3
+# but $HASH2 is good,
+# so we should not be able to tell the first bad commit
+# among $HASH3 and $HASH4
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: cannot tell between 2 commits' '
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip || return 1
+
+	if git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		test $? -eq 2 &&
+		grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH1 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH2 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH3 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		git bisect reset
+	fi
+'
+
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is both skipped and bad, we skip $HASH3
+# and $HASH2 is good,
+# so we should not be able to tell the first bad commit
+# among $HASH3 and $HASH4
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: with commit both bad and skipped' '
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	if git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		test $? -eq 2 &&
+		grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH1 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH2 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH3 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		git bisect reset
+	fi
+'
+
+# We want to automatically find the commit that
+# introduced "Another" into hello.
+test_expect_success \
+    '"git bisect run" simple case' \
+    'echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
+     echo "grep Another hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
+     echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
+     chmod +x test_script.sh &&
+     git bisect start &&
+     git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+     git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
+     git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     grep "$HASH3 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     git bisect reset'
+
+# We want to automatically find the commit that
+# introduced "Ciao" into hello.
+test_expect_success \
+    '"git bisect run" with more complex "git bisect start"' \
+    'echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
+     echo "grep Ciao hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
+     echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
+     chmod +x test_script.sh &&
+     git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+     git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     grep "$HASH4 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     git bisect reset'
+
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH5 is bad, we skip $HASH3
+# but $HASH4 is good,
+# so we should find $HASH5 as the first bad commit
+HASH5=
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: add line and then a new test' '
+	add_line_into_file "5: Another new line." hello &&
+	HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git bisect start $HASH5 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH5 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect log > log_to_replay.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip and bisect replay' '
+	git bisect replay log_to_replay.txt > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH5 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+HASH6=
+test_expect_success 'bisect run & skip: cannot tell between 2' '
+	add_line_into_file "6: Yet a line." hello &&
+	HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
+	echo "sed -ne \\\$p hello | grep Ciao > /dev/null && exit 125" >> test_script.sh &&
+	echo "grep line hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
+	echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
+	chmod +x test_script.sh &&
+	git bisect start $HASH6 $HASH1 &&
+	if git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		test $? -eq 2 &&
+		grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH3 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH6 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH5 my_bisect_log.txt
+	fi
+'
+
+HASH7=
+test_expect_success 'bisect run & skip: find first bad' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	add_line_into_file "7: Should be the last line." hello &&
+	HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
+	echo "sed -ne \\\$p hello | grep Ciao > /dev/null && exit 125" >> test_script.sh &&
+	echo "sed -ne \\\$p hello | grep day > /dev/null && exit 125" >> test_script.sh &&
+	echo "grep Yet hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
+	echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
+	chmod +x test_script.sh &&
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH6 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip only one range' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip $HASH1..$HASH5 &&
+	test "$HASH6" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip many ranges' '
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	test "$HASH4" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	git bisect skip $HASH2 $HASH2.. ..$HASH5 &&
+	test "$HASH6" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect starting with a detached HEAD' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git checkout master^ &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	test $HEAD = $(cat .git/BISECT_START) &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect errors out if bad and good are mistaken' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH2 $HASH4 2> rev_list_error &&
+	grep "mistake good and bad" rev_list_error &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect does not create a "bisect" branch' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	git branch bisect &&
+	rev_hash4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$rev_hash4" = "$HASH4" &&
+	git branch -D bisect &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	git branch bisect &&
+	rev_hash6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$rev_hash6" = "$HASH6" &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH7 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	rev_hash6=$(git rev-parse --verify bisect) &&
+	test "$rev_hash6" = "$HASH6" &&
+	git branch -D bisect
+'
+
+# This creates a "side" branch to test "siblings" cases.
+#
+# H1-H2-H3-H4-H5-H6-H7  <--other
+#            \
+#             S5-S6-S7  <--side
+#
+test_expect_success 'side branch creation' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git checkout -b side $HASH4 &&
+	add_line_into_file "5(side): first line on a side branch" hello2 &&
+	SIDE_HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "6(side): second line on a side branch" hello2 &&
+	SIDE_HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "7(side): third line on a side branch" hello2 &&
+	SIDE_HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'good merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
+	git bisect start "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_must_fail grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep $HASH6 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+test_expect_success 'skipped merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
+	git bisect start "$SIDE_HASH7" "$HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect skip > my_bisect_log.txt 2>&1 &&
+	grep "Warning" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep $SIDE_HASH6 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bad merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
+	git bisect start "$HASH7" HEAD > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt 2>&1 &&
+	grep "merge base $HASH4 is bad" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "fixed between $HASH4 and \[$SIDE_HASH7\]" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+# This creates a few more commits (A and B) to test "siblings" cases
+# when a good and a bad rev have many merge bases.
+#
+# We should have the following:
+#
+# H1-H2-H3-H4-H5-H6-H7
+#            \  \     \
+#             S5-A     \
+#              \        \
+#               S6-S7----B
+#
+# And there A and B have 2 merge bases (S5 and H5) that should be
+# reported by "git merge-base --all A B".
+#
+test_expect_success 'many merge bases creation' '
+	git checkout "$SIDE_HASH5" &&
+	git merge -m "merge HASH5 and SIDE_HASH5" "$HASH5" &&
+	A_HASH=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	git merge -m "merge HASH7 and SIDE_HASH7" "$HASH7" &&
+	B_HASH=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git merge-base --all "$A_HASH" "$B_HASH" > merge_bases.txt &&
+	test $(wc -l < merge_bases.txt) = "2" &&
+	grep "$HASH5" merge_bases.txt &&
+	grep "$SIDE_HASH5" merge_bases.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'good merge bases when good and bad are siblings' '
+	git bisect start "$B_HASH" "$A_HASH" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log2.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log2.txt &&
+	{
+		{
+			grep "$SIDE_HASH5" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+			grep "$HASH5" my_bisect_log2.txt
+		} || {
+			grep "$SIDE_HASH5" my_bisect_log2.txt &&
+			grep "$HASH5" my_bisect_log.txt
+		}
+	} &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'optimized merge base checks' '
+	git bisect start "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH4" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log2.txt &&
+	test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
+	test "$HASH6" = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log3.txt &&
+	git bisect good "$A_HASH" > my_bisect_log4.txt &&
+	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log4.txt &&
+	test_must_fail test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
+'
+
+# This creates another side branch called "parallel" with some files
+# in some directories, to test bisecting with paths.
+#
+# We should have the following:
+#
+#    P1-P2-P3-P4-P5-P6-P7
+#   /        /        /
+# H1-H2-H3-H4-H5-H6-H7
+#            \  \     \
+#             S5-A     \
+#              \        \
+#               S6-S7----B
+#
+test_expect_success '"parallel" side branch creation' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git checkout -b parallel $HASH1 &&
+	mkdir dir1 dir2 &&
+	add_line_into_file "1(para): line 1 on parallel branch" dir1/file1 &&
+	PARA_HASH1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "2(para): line 2 on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
+	PARA_HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "3(para): line 3 on parallel branch" dir2/file3 &&
+	PARA_HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	git merge -m "merge HASH4 and PARA_HASH3" "$HASH4" &&
+	PARA_HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	add_line_into_file "5(para): add line on parallel branch" dir1/file1 &&
+	PARA_HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	add_line_into_file "6(para): add line on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
+	PARA_HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	git merge -m "merge HASH7 and PARA_HASH6" "$HASH7" &&
+	PARA_HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restricting bisection on one dir' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start HEAD $HASH1 -- dir1 &&
+	para1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para1" = "$PARA_HASH1" &&
+	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$PARA_HASH1 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restricting bisection on one dir and a file' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start HEAD $HASH1 -- dir1 hello &&
+	para4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para4" = "$PARA_HASH4" &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	hash3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash3" = "$HASH3" &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	hash4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash4" = "$HASH4" &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	para1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para1" = "$PARA_HASH1" &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$PARA_HASH4 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'skipping away from skipped commit' '
+	git bisect start $PARA_HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	para4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para4" = "$PARA_HASH4" &&
+        git bisect skip &&
+	hash7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash7" = "$HASH7" &&
+        git bisect skip &&
+	para3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para3" = "$PARA_HASH3"
+'
+
+#
+#
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-run.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-run.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index de3123522a..0000000000
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-run.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2007 Christian Couder
-#
-test_description='Tests git-bisect functionality'
-
-exec </dev/null
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-add_line_into_file()
-{
-    _line=$1
-    _file=$2
-
-    if [ -f "$_file" ]; then
-        echo "$_line" >> $_file || return $?
-        MSG="Add <$_line> into <$_file>."
-    else
-        echo "$_line" > $_file || return $?
-        git add $_file || return $?
-        MSG="Create file <$_file> with <$_line> inside."
-    fi
-
-    git-commit -m "$MSG" $_file
-}
-
-HASH1=
-HASH3=
-HASH4=
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'set up basic repo with 1 file (hello) and 4 commits' \
-    'add_line_into_file "1: Hello World" hello &&
-     add_line_into_file "2: A new day for git" hello &&
-     add_line_into_file "3: Another new day for git" hello &&
-     add_line_into_file "4: Ciao for now" hello &&
-     HASH1=$(git rev-list HEAD | tail -1) &&
-     HASH3=$(git rev-list HEAD | head -2 | tail -1) &&
-     HASH4=$(git rev-list HEAD | head -1)'
-
-test_expect_success 'bisect starts with only one bad' '
-	git bisect reset &&
-	git bisect start &&
-	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
-	git bisect next
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'bisect starts with only one good' '
-	git bisect reset &&
-	git bisect start &&
-	git bisect good $HASH1 || return 1
-
-	if git bisect next
-	then
-		echo Oops, should have failed.
-		false
-	else
-		:
-	fi
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'bisect start with one bad and good' '
-	git bisect reset &&
-	git bisect start &&
-	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
-	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
-	git bisect next
-'
-
-# We want to automatically find the commit that
-# introduced "Another" into hello.
-test_expect_success \
-    '"git bisect run" simple case' \
-    'echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
-     echo "grep Another hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
-     echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
-     chmod +x test_script.sh &&
-     git bisect start &&
-     git bisect good $HASH1 &&
-     git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
-     git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     grep "$HASH3 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     git bisect reset'
-
-# We want to automatically find the commit that
-# introduced "Ciao" into hello.
-test_expect_success \
-    '"git bisect run" with more complex "git bisect start"' \
-    'echo "#"\!"/bin/sh" > test_script.sh &&
-     echo "grep Ciao hello > /dev/null" >> test_script.sh &&
-     echo "test \$? -ne 0" >> test_script.sh &&
-     chmod +x test_script.sh &&
-     git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
-     git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     grep "$HASH4 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     git bisect reset'
-
-#
-#
-test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8a3304fb0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge-recursive: handle file mode'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'mode change in one branch: keep changed version' '
+	: >file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git checkout -b a1 master &&
+	: >dummy &&
+	git add dummy &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+	git checkout -b b1 master &&
+	test_chmod +x file1 &&
+	git commit -m b1 &&
+	git checkout a1 &&
+	git merge-recursive master -- a1 b1 &&
+	git ls-files -s file1 | grep ^100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
+	test -x file1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mode change in both branches: expect conflict' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git checkout -b a2 master &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	H=$(git hash-object file2) &&
+	test_chmod +x file2 &&
+	git commit -m a2 &&
+	git checkout -b b2 master &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m b2 &&
+	git checkout a2 &&
+	(
+		git merge-recursive master -- a2 b2
+		test $? = 1
+	) &&
+	git ls-files -u >actual &&
+	(
+		echo "100755 $H 2	file2"
+		echo "100644 $H 3	file2"
+	) >expect &&
+	test_cmp actual expect &&
+	git ls-files -s file2 | grep ^100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
+	test -x file2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..eac5ebac24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merging with large rename matrix'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+count() {
+	i=1
+	while test $i -le $1; do
+		echo $i
+		i=$(($i + 1))
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup (initial)' '
+	touch file &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial
+'
+
+make_text() {
+	echo $1: $2
+	for i in `count 20`; do
+		echo $1: $i
+	done
+	echo $1: $3
+}
+
+test_rename() {
+	test_expect_success "rename ($1, $2)" '
+	n='$1'
+	expect='$2'
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git branch -D test$n || true &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	for i in $(count $n); do
+		make_text $i initial initial >$i
+	done &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m add=$n &&
+	for i in $(count $n); do
+		make_text $i changed initial >$i
+	done &&
+	git commit -a -m change=$n &&
+	git checkout -b test$n HEAD^ &&
+	for i in $(count $n); do
+		git rm $i
+		make_text $i initial changed >$i.moved
+	done &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m change+rename=$n &&
+	case "$expect" in
+		ok) git merge master ;;
+		 *) test_must_fail git merge master ;;
+	esac
+	'
+}
+
+test_rename 5 ok
+
+test_expect_success 'set diff.renamelimit to 4' '
+	git config diff.renamelimit 4
+'
+test_rename 4 ok
+test_rename 5 fail
+
+test_expect_success 'set merge.renamelimit to 5' '
+	git config merge.renamelimit 5
+'
+test_rename 5 ok
+test_rename 6 fail
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6033-merge-crlf.sh b/t/t6033-merge-crlf.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..75d9602de4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6033-merge-crlf.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+append_cr () {
+	sed -e 's/$/Q/' | tr Q '\015'
+}
+
+remove_cr () {
+	tr '\015' Q | sed -e 's/Q$//'
+}
+
+test_description='merge conflict in crlf repo
+
+		b---M
+	       /   /
+	initial---a
+
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	echo foo | append_cr >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+	echo line from a | append_cr >file &&
+	git commit -m "add line from a" file &&
+	git tag a &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo line from b | append_cr >file &&
+	git commit -m "add line from b" file &&
+	git tag b &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check "ours" is CRLF' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git merge side -s ours &&
+	cat file | remove_cr | append_cr >file.temp &&
+	test_cmp file file.temp
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check that conflict file is CRLF' '
+	git reset --hard a &&
+	test_must_fail git merge side &&
+	cat file | remove_cr | append_cr >file.temp &&
+	test_cmp file file.temp
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-rename-nocruft.sh b/t/t6034-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
index 65be95fbaa..65be95fbaa 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
+++ b/t/t6034-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
diff --git a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..00e1de9627
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='remote tracking stats'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+advance () {
+	echo "$1" >"$1" &&
+	git add "$1" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in a b c;
+	do
+		advance $i || break
+	done &&
+	git clone . test &&
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git checkout -b b1 origin &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+		advance d &&
+		git checkout -b b2 origin &&
+		git reset --hard b1 &&
+		git checkout -b b3 origin &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+		git checkout -b b4 origin &&
+		advance e &&
+		advance f
+	) &&
+	git checkout -b follower --track master &&
+	advance g
+'
+
+script='s/^..\(b.\)[	 0-9a-f]*\[\([^]]*\)\].*/\1 \2/p'
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+b1 ahead 1, behind 1
+b2 ahead 1, behind 1
+b3 behind 1
+b4 ahead 2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -v' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git branch -v
+	) |
+	sed -n -e "$script" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout' '
+	(
+		cd test && git checkout b1
+	) >actual &&
+	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with local tracked branch' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout follower >actual
+	grep "is ahead of" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git checkout b1 >/dev/null &&
+		# reports nothing to commit
+		test_must_fail git status
+	) >actual &&
+	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status when tracking lightweight tags' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag light &&
+	git branch --track lighttrack light >actual &&
+	grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	git checkout lighttrack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status when tracking annotated tags' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag -m heavy heavy &&
+	git branch --track heavytrack heavy >actual &&
+	grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	git checkout heavytrack
+'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh b/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
index 7d354a1fae..f105fab98e 100755
--- a/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
+++ b/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
@@ -3,31 +3,42 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Johannes Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='Test git-rev-parse with different parent options'
+test_description='Test git rev-parse with different parent options'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t6000lib.sh # t6xxx specific functions
 
 date >path0
-git-update-index --add path0
-save_tag tree git-write-tree
+git update-index --add path0
+save_tag tree git write-tree
 hide_error save_tag start unique_commit "start" tree
 save_tag second unique_commit "second" tree -p start
 hide_error save_tag start2 unique_commit "start2" tree
 save_tag two_parents unique_commit "next" tree -p second -p start2
 save_tag final unique_commit "final" tree -p two_parents
 
-test_expect_success 'start is valid' 'git-rev-parse start | grep "^[0-9a-f]\{40\}$"'
-test_expect_success 'start^0' "test $(cat .git/refs/tags/start) = $(git-rev-parse start^0)"
-test_expect_success 'start^1 not valid' "if git-rev-parse --verify start^1; then false; else :; fi"
-test_expect_success 'second^1 = second^' "test $(git-rev-parse second^1) = $(git-rev-parse second^)"
-test_expect_success 'final^1^1^1' "test $(git-rev-parse start) = $(git-rev-parse final^1^1^1)"
-test_expect_success 'final^1^1^1 = final^^^' "test $(git-rev-parse final^1^1^1) = $(git-rev-parse final^^^)"
-test_expect_success 'final^1^2' "test $(git-rev-parse start2) = $(git-rev-parse final^1^2)"
-test_expect_success 'final^1^2 != final^1^1' "test $(git-rev-parse final^1^2) != $(git-rev-parse final^1^1)"
-test_expect_success 'final^1^3 not valid' "if git-rev-parse --verify final^1^3; then false; else :; fi"
-test_expect_failure '--verify start2^1' 'git-rev-parse --verify start2^1'
-test_expect_success '--verify start2^0' 'git-rev-parse --verify start2^0'
+test_expect_success 'start is valid' 'git rev-parse start | grep "^[0-9a-f]\{40\}$"'
+test_expect_success 'start^0' "test $(cat .git/refs/tags/start) = $(git rev-parse start^0)"
+test_expect_success 'start^1 not valid' "if git rev-parse --verify start^1; then false; else :; fi"
+test_expect_success 'second^1 = second^' "test $(git rev-parse second^1) = $(git rev-parse second^)"
+test_expect_success 'final^1^1^1' "test $(git rev-parse start) = $(git rev-parse final^1^1^1)"
+test_expect_success 'final^1^1^1 = final^^^' "test $(git rev-parse final^1^1^1) = $(git rev-parse final^^^)"
+test_expect_success 'final^1^2' "test $(git rev-parse start2) = $(git rev-parse final^1^2)"
+test_expect_success 'final^1^2 != final^1^1' "test $(git rev-parse final^1^2) != $(git rev-parse final^1^1)"
+test_expect_success 'final^1^3 not valid' "if git rev-parse --verify final^1^3; then false; else :; fi"
+test_expect_success '--verify start2^1' 'test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify start2^1'
+test_expect_success '--verify start2^0' 'git rev-parse --verify start2^0'
+test_expect_success 'final^1^@ = final^1^1 final^1^2' "test \"$(git rev-parse final^1^@)\" = \"$(git rev-parse final^1^1 final^1^2)\""
+test_expect_success 'final^1^! = final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2' "test \"$(git rev-parse final^1^\!)\" = \"$(git rev-parse final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2)\""
 
-test_done
+test_expect_success 'repack for next test' 'git repack -a -d'
+test_expect_success 'short SHA-1 works' '
+	start=`git rev-parse --verify start` &&
+	echo $start &&
+	abbrv=`echo $start | sed s/.\$//` &&
+	echo $abbrv &&
+	abbrv=`git rev-parse --verify $abbrv` &&
+	echo $abbrv &&
+	test $start = $abbrv'
 
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6120-describe.sh b/t/t6120-describe.sh
index 3e9edda1ca..8c7e081c53 100755
--- a/t/t6120-describe.sh
+++ b/t/t6120-describe.sh
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ test_description='test describe
 check_describe () {
 	expect="$1"
 	shift
-	R=$(git describe "$@") &&
+	R=$(git describe "$@" 2>err.actual)
+	S=$?
+	cat err.actual >&3
 	test_expect_success "describe $*" '
+	test $S = 0 &&
 	case "$R" in
 	$expect)	echo happy ;;
 	*)	echo "Oops - $R is not $expect";
@@ -28,57 +31,57 @@ check_describe () {
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo one >file && git-add file && git-commit -m initial &&
-	one=$(git-rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m initial &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo two >file && git-add file && git-commit -m second &&
-	two=$(git-rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	echo two >file && git add file && git commit -m second &&
+	two=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo three >file && git-add file && git-commit -m third &&
+	echo three >file && git add file && git commit -m third &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo A >file && git-add file && git-commit -m A &&
+	echo A >file && git add file && git commit -m A &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git-tag -a -m A A &&
+	git tag -a -m A A &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo c >file && git-add file && git-commit -m c &&
+	echo c >file && git add file && git commit -m c &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git-tag c &&
+	git tag c &&
 
 	git reset --hard $two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	echo B >side && git-add side && git-commit -m B &&
+	echo B >side && git add side && git commit -m B &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git-tag -a -m B B &&
+	git tag -a -m B B &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	git-merge -m Merged c &&
-	merged=$(git-rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git merge -m Merged c &&
+	merged=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 
 	git reset --hard $two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	echo D >another && git-add another && git-commit -m D &&
+	echo D >another && git add another && git commit -m D &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git-tag -a -m D D &&
+	git tag -a -m D D &&
 
 	test_tick &&
 	echo DD >another && git commit -a -m another &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	git-tag e &&
+	git tag e &&
 
 	test_tick &&
 	echo DDD >another && git commit -a -m "yet another" &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	git-merge -m Merged $merged &&
+	git merge -m Merged $merged &&
 
 	test_tick &&
-	echo X >file && echo X >side && git-add file side &&
-	git-commit -m x
+	echo X >file && echo X >side && git add file side &&
+	git commit -m x
 
 '
 
@@ -88,10 +91,60 @@ check_describe D-* HEAD^^
 check_describe A-* HEAD^^2
 check_describe B HEAD^^2^
 
-check_describe A-* --tags HEAD
-check_describe A-* --tags HEAD^
-check_describe D-* --tags HEAD^^
-check_describe A-* --tags HEAD^^2
+check_describe c-* --tags HEAD
+check_describe c-* --tags HEAD^
+check_describe e-* --tags HEAD^^
+check_describe c-* --tags HEAD^^2
 check_describe B --tags HEAD^^2^
 
+check_describe B-0-* --long HEAD^^2^
+check_describe A-3-* --long HEAD^^2
+
+: >err.expect
+check_describe A --all A^0
+test_expect_success 'no warning was displayed for A' '
+	test_cmp err.expect err.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename tag A to Q locally' '
+	mv .git/refs/tags/A .git/refs/tags/Q
+'
+cat - >err.expect <<EOF
+warning: tag 'A' is really 'Q' here
+EOF
+check_describe A-* HEAD
+test_expect_success 'warning was displayed for Q' '
+	test_cmp err.expect err.actual
+'
+test_expect_success 'rename tag Q back to A' '
+	mv .git/refs/tags/Q .git/refs/tags/A
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack tag refs' 'git pack-refs'
+check_describe A-* HEAD
+
+test_expect_success 'set-up matching pattern tests' '
+	git tag -a -m test-annotated test-annotated &&
+	echo >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "one more" &&
+	git tag test1-lightweight &&
+	echo >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "yet another" &&
+	git tag test2-lightweight &&
+	echo >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "even more"
+
+'
+
+check_describe "test-annotated-*" --match="test-*"
+
+check_describe "test1-lightweight-*" --tags --match="test1-*"
+
+check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --tags --match="test2-*"
+
+check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test2-*" HEAD^
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
index 526d7d1c44..42f6fff373 100755
--- a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
@@ -79,20 +79,20 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #1' '
 	git fetch . left &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-Merge branch 'left' of ../trash
+cat >expected <<EOF
+Merge branch 'left' of $(pwd)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #2' '
 
 	git checkout master &&
-	git fetch ../trash left &&
+	git fetch "$(pwd)" left &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -106,8 +106,24 @@ Merge branch 'left'
   Common #1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #3' '
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #3-1' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.log true &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #3-2' '
 
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
 	git config merge.summary true &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -115,7 +131,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #3' '
 	git fetch . left &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -136,8 +152,24 @@ Merge branches 'left' and 'right'
   Common #1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #4' '
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #4-1' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.log true &&
 
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #4-2' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
 	git config merge.summary true &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -145,11 +177,27 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #4' '
 	git fetch . left right &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #5' '
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #5-1' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.log yes &&
 
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #5-2' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
 	git config merge.summary yes &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -157,7 +205,39 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #5' '
 	git fetch . left right &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
-	git diff actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.summary yes &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg -F .git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F in subdirectory' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.summary yes &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	cp .git/FETCH_HEAD sub/FETCH_HEAD &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git fmt-merge-msg -F FETCH_HEAD >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8052c86ad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
+#
+
+test_description='for-each-ref test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Mon Jul 3 15:18:43 2006 +0000
+datestamp=1151939923
+setdate_and_increment () {
+    GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
+    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
+    GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
+    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
+    export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Create sample commit with known timestamp' '
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	git tag -a -m "Tagging at $datestamp" testtag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create upstream config' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master master &&
+	git remote add origin nowhere &&
+	git config branch.master.remote origin &&
+	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_atom() {
+	case "$1" in
+		head) ref=refs/heads/master ;;
+		 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
+	esac
+	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expected
+	test_expect_${4:-success} "basic atom: $1 $2" "
+		git for-each-ref --format='%($2)' $ref >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
+}
+
+test_atom head refname refs/heads/master
+test_atom head upstream refs/remotes/origin/master
+test_atom head objecttype commit
+test_atom head objectsize 171
+test_atom head objectname 67a36f10722846e891fbada1ba48ed035de75581
+test_atom head tree 0e51c00fcb93dffc755546f27593d511e1bdb46f
+test_atom head parent ''
+test_atom head numparent 0
+test_atom head object ''
+test_atom head type ''
+test_atom head author 'A U Thor <author@example.com> 1151939924 +0200'
+test_atom head authorname 'A U Thor'
+test_atom head authoremail '<author@example.com>'
+test_atom head authordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:44 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head committer 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939923 +0200'
+test_atom head committername 'C O Mitter'
+test_atom head committeremail '<committer@example.com>'
+test_atom head committerdate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head tag ''
+test_atom head tagger ''
+test_atom head taggername ''
+test_atom head taggeremail ''
+test_atom head taggerdate ''
+test_atom head creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939923 +0200'
+test_atom head creatordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head subject 'Initial'
+test_atom head body ''
+test_atom head contents 'Initial
+'
+
+test_atom tag refname refs/tags/testtag
+test_atom tag upstream ''
+test_atom tag objecttype tag
+test_atom tag objectsize 154
+test_atom tag objectname 98b46b1d36e5b07909de1b3886224e3e81e87322
+test_atom tag tree ''
+test_atom tag parent ''
+test_atom tag numparent ''
+test_atom tag object '67a36f10722846e891fbada1ba48ed035de75581'
+test_atom tag type 'commit'
+test_atom tag author ''
+test_atom tag authorname ''
+test_atom tag authoremail ''
+test_atom tag authordate ''
+test_atom tag committer ''
+test_atom tag committername ''
+test_atom tag committeremail ''
+test_atom tag committerdate ''
+test_atom tag tag 'testtag'
+test_atom tag tagger 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939925 +0200'
+test_atom tag taggername 'C O Mitter'
+test_atom tag taggeremail '<committer@example.com>'
+test_atom tag taggerdate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939925 +0200'
+test_atom tag creatordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag subject 'Tagging at 1151939927'
+test_atom tag body ''
+test_atom tag contents 'Tagging at 1151939927
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check invalid atoms names are errors' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(INVALID)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format specifiers are ignored in naming date atoms' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check valid format specifiers for date fields' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:short)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:local)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:iso8601)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:rfc2822)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check invalid format specifiers are errors' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:INVALID)" refs/heads
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:44 2006 +0200'
+'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check unformatted date fields output' '
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate) %(authordate)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "default" formatted date fields output' '
+	f=default &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+# Don't know how to do relative check because I can't know when this script
+# is going to be run and can't fake the current time to git, and hence can't
+# provide expected output.  Instead, I'll just make sure that "relative"
+# doesn't exit in error
+#
+#cat >expected <<\EOF
+#
+#EOF
+#
+test_expect_success 'Check format "relative" date fields output' '
+	f=relative &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master' '2006-07-03' '2006-07-03'
+'refs/tags/testtag' '2006-07-03'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "short" date fields output' '
+	f=short &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:43 2006' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:44 2006'
+'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:45 2006'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "local" date fields output' '
+	f=local &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master' '2006-07-03 17:18:43 +0200' '2006-07-03 17:18:44 +0200'
+'refs/tags/testtag' '2006-07-03 17:18:45 +0200'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601" date fields output' '
+	f=iso8601 &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:43 +0200' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:44 +0200'
+'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:45 +0200'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822" date fields output' '
+	f=rfc2822 &&
+	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/heads/master
+refs/remotes/origin/master
+refs/tags/testtag
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify ascending sort' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=refname >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/testtag
+refs/remotes/origin/master
+refs/heads/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify descending sort' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=-refname >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/master'
+'refs/remotes/origin/master'
+'refs/tags/testtag'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: shell' '
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: perl' '
+	git for-each-ref --perl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: python' '
+	git for-each-ref --python --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+"refs/heads/master"
+"refs/remotes/origin/master"
+"refs/tags/testtag"
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: tcl' '
+	git for-each-ref --tcl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+for i in "--perl --shell" "-s --python" "--python --tcl" "--tcl --perl"; do
+	test_expect_success "more than one quoting style: $i" "
+		git for-each-ref $i 2>&1 | (read line &&
+		case \$line in
+		\"error: more than one quoting style\"*) : happy;;
+		*) false
+		esac)
+	"
+done
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+master
+testtag
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check short refname format' '
+	(git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short)" refs/heads &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+origin/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check short upstream format' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(upstream:short)" refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/master
+tags/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (strict)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs true &&
+	git checkout -b newtag &&
+	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m "Branch" &&
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	git tag -m "Tagging at $datestamp" master &&
+	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/master refs/tags/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/master
+master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (loose)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs false &&
+	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/master refs/tags/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/ambiguous
+ambiguous
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs II (loose)' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag ambiguous testtag^0 &&
+	git branch ambiguous testtag^0 &&
+	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/ambiguous refs/tags/ambiguous >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'an unusual tag with an incomplete line' '
+
+	git tag -m "bogo" bogo &&
+	bogo=$(git cat-file tag bogo) &&
+	bogo=$(printf "%s" "$bogo" | git mktag) &&
+	git tag -f bogo "$bogo" &&
+	git for-each-ref --format "%(body)" refs/tags/bogo
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7001-mv.sh b/t/t7001-mv.sh
index 344033249c..10b8f8c44b 100755
--- a/t/t7001-mv.sh
+++ b/t/t7001-mv.sh
@@ -1,90 +1,123 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-mv in subdirs'
+test_description='git mv in subdirs'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
     'mkdir path0 path1 &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
-     git-add path0/COPYING &&
-     git-commit -m add -a'
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
+     git add path0/COPYING &&
+     git commit -m add -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'moving the file out of subdirectory' \
-    'cd path0 && git-mv COPYING ../path1/COPYING'
+    'cd path0 && git mv COPYING ../path1/COPYING'
 
 # in path0 currently
 test_expect_success \
     'commiting the change' \
-    'cd .. && git-commit -m move-out -a'
+    'cd .. && git commit -m move-out -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-    grep -E "^R100.+path0/COPYING.+path1/COPYING"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+    grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path1/COPYING"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'moving the file back into subdirectory' \
-    'cd path0 && git-mv ../path1/COPYING COPYING'
+    'cd path0 && git mv ../path1/COPYING COPYING'
 
 # in path0 currently
 test_expect_success \
     'commiting the change' \
-    'cd .. && git-commit -m move-in -a'
+    'cd .. && git commit -m move-in -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-    grep -E "^R100.+path1/COPYING.+path0/COPYING"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+    grep "^R100..*path1/COPYING..*path0/COPYING"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on non-existing file' \
+    'git mv -k idontexist path0'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on untracked file' \
+    'touch untracked1 &&
+     git mv -k untracked1 path0 &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked1'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on multiple untracked files' \
+    'touch untracked2 &&
+     git mv -k untracked1 untracked2 path0 &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test -f untracked2 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked1 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked2'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -f on untracked file with existing target' \
+    'touch path0/untracked1 &&
+     git mv -f untracked1 path0
+     test ! -f .git/index.lock &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test -f path0/untracked1'
+
+# clean up the mess in case bad things happen
+rm -f idontexist untracked1 untracked2 \
+     path0/idontexist path0/untracked1 path0/untracked2 \
+     .git/index.lock
 
 test_expect_success \
     'adding another file' \
-    'cp ../../README path0/README &&
-     git-add path0/README &&
-     git-commit -m add2 -a'
+    'cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../README path0/README &&
+     git add path0/README &&
+     git commit -m add2 -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'moving whole subdirectory' \
-    'git-mv path0 path2'
+    'git mv path0 path2'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'commiting the change' \
-    'git-commit -m dir-move -a'
+    'git commit -m dir-move -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep -E "^R100.+path0/COPYING.+path2/COPYING" &&
-     git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep -E "^R100.+path0/README.+path2/README"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+     grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path2/COPYING" &&
+     git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+     grep "^R100..*path0/README..*path2/README"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'succeed when source is a prefix of destination' \
-    'git-mv path2/COPYING path2/COPYING-renamed'
+    'git mv path2/COPYING path2/COPYING-renamed'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'moving whole subdirectory into subdirectory' \
-    'git-mv path2 path1'
+    'git mv path2 path1'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'commiting the change' \
-    'git-commit -m dir-move -a'
+    'git commit -m dir-move -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep -E "^R100.+path2/COPYING.+path1/path2/COPYING" &&
-     git-diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep -E "^R100.+path2/README.+path1/path2/README"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+     grep "^R100..*path2/COPYING..*path1/path2/COPYING" &&
+     git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
+     grep "^R100..*path2/README..*path1/path2/README"'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'do not move directory over existing directory' \
-    'mkdir path0 && mkdir path0/path2 && git-mv path2 path0'
+    'mkdir path0 && mkdir path0/path2 && test_must_fail git mv path2 path0'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'move into "."' \
-    'git-mv path1/path2/ .'
+    'git mv path1/path2/ .'
 
 test_expect_success "Michael Cassar's test case" '
 	rm -fr .git papers partA &&
@@ -118,4 +151,96 @@ test_expect_success "Sergey Vlasov's test case" '
 	git mv ab a
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'absolute pathname' '(
+
+	rm -fr mine &&
+	mkdir mine &&
+	cd mine &&
+	test_create_repo one &&
+	cd one &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	>sub/file &&
+	git add sub/file &&
+
+	git mv sub "$(pwd)/in" &&
+	! test -d sub &&
+	test -d in &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch in/file
+
+
+)'
+
+test_expect_success 'absolute pathname outside should fail' '(
+
+	rm -fr mine &&
+	mkdir mine &&
+	cd mine &&
+	out=$(pwd) &&
+	test_create_repo one &&
+	cd one &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	>sub/file &&
+	git add sub/file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git mv sub "$out/out" &&
+	test -d sub &&
+	! test -d ../in &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch sub/file
+
+)'
+
+test_expect_success 'git mv should not change sha1 of moved cache entry' '
+
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	git init &&
+	echo 1 >dirty &&
+	git add dirty &&
+	entry="$(git ls-files --stage dirty | cut -f 1)"
+	git mv dirty dirty2 &&
+	[ "$entry" = "$(git ls-files --stage dirty2 | cut -f 1)" ] &&
+	echo 2 >dirty2 &&
+	git mv dirty2 dirty &&
+	[ "$entry" = "$(git ls-files --stage dirty | cut -f 1)" ]
+
+'
+
+rm -f dirty dirty2
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git mv should overwrite symlink to a file' '
+
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	git init &&
+	echo 1 >moved &&
+	ln -s moved symlink &&
+	git add moved symlink &&
+	test_must_fail git mv moved symlink &&
+	git mv -f moved symlink &&
+	! test -e moved &&
+	test -f symlink &&
+	test "$(cat symlink)" = 1 &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+
+'
+
+rm -f moved symlink
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git mv should overwrite file with a symlink' '
+
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	git init &&
+	echo 1 >moved &&
+	ln -s moved symlink &&
+	git add moved symlink &&
+	test_must_fail git mv symlink moved &&
+	git mv -f symlink moved &&
+	! test -e symlink &&
+	test -h moved &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+
+'
+
+rm -f moved symlink
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7002-grep.sh b/t/t7002-grep.sh
index 6bfb899ed1..b13aa7e89a 100755
--- a/t/t7002-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7002-grep.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,15 @@ test_description='git grep various.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+cat >hello.c <<EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	printf("Hello world.\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	{
 		echo foo mmap bar
@@ -16,15 +25,21 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		echo foo mmap bar_mmap
 		echo foo_mmap bar mmap baz
 	} >file &&
+	echo ww w >w &&
 	echo x x xx x >x &&
 	echo y yy >y &&
 	echo zzz > z &&
 	mkdir t &&
 	echo test >t/t &&
-	git add file x y z t/t &&
+	git add file w x y z t/t hello.c &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep should not segfault with a bad input' '
+	test_must_fail git grep "("
+'
+
 for H in HEAD ''
 do
 	case "$H" in
@@ -43,6 +58,12 @@ do
 		diff expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (w)" '
+		: >expected &&
+		! git grep -n -w -e "^w" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (x)" '
 		{
 			echo ${HC}x:1:x x xx x
@@ -107,6 +128,155 @@ do
 		diff expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep -c $L (no /dev/null)" '
+		! git grep -c test $H | grep /dev/null
+        '
+
 done
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -e A --and -e B' '
+	git grep -e "foo mmap" --and -e bar_mmap >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+EOF
+
+
+test_expect_success 'grep ( -e A --or -e B ) --and -e B' '
+	git grep \( -e foo_ --or -e baz \) \
+		--and -e " mmap" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -e A --and --not -e B' '
+	git grep -e "foo mmap" --and --not -e bar_mmap >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+y:y yy
+--
+z:zzz
+EOF
+
+# Create 1024 file names that sort between "y" and "z" to make sure
+# the two files are handled by different calls to an external grep.
+# This depends on MAXARGS in builtin-grep.c being 1024 or less.
+c32="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v"
+test_expect_success 'grep -C1, hunk mark between files' '
+	for a in $c32; do for b in $c32; do : >y-$a$b; done; done &&
+	git add y-?? &&
+	git grep -C1 "^[yz]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -C1 --no-ext-grep, hunk mark between files' '
+	git grep -C1 --no-ext-grep "^[yz]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep setup' '
+	echo a >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="With * Asterisk" \
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="xyzzy@frotz.com" \
+	git commit -a -m "second" &&
+
+	echo a >>file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "third"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (1)' '
+	git log --author=author --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (2)' '
+	git log --author=" * " -F --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	( echo second ) >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (3)' '
+	git log --author="^A U" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (4)' '
+	git log --author="frotz\.com>$" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	( echo second ) >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (5)' '
+	git log --author=Thor -F --grep=Thu --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (6)' '
+	git log --author=-0700  --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep with CE_VALID file' '
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged t/t &&
+	rm t/t &&
+	test "$(git grep --no-ext-grep test)" = "t/t:test" &&
+	git update-index --no-assume-unchanged t/t &&
+	git checkout t/t
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c=#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p with userdiff' '
+	git config diff.custom.funcname "^#" &&
+	echo "hello.c diff=custom" >.gitattributes &&
+	git grep -p return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p' '
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git grep -p return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c-#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+hello.c-{
+hello.c-	printf("Hello world.\n");
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p -B5' '
+	git grep -p -B5 return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..329c851685
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git filter-branch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+make_commit () {
+	lower=$(echo $1 | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')
+	echo $lower > $lower
+	git add $lower
+	test_tick
+	git commit -m $1
+	git tag $1
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	make_commit A
+	make_commit B
+	git checkout -b branch B
+	make_commit D
+	mkdir dir
+	make_commit dir/D
+	make_commit E
+	git checkout master
+	make_commit C
+	git checkout branch
+	git merge C
+	git tag F
+	make_commit G
+	make_commit H
+'
+
+H=$(git rev-parse H)
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite identically' '
+	git filter-branch branch
+'
+test_expect_success 'result is really identical' '
+	test $H = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite bare repository identically' '
+	(git config core.bare true && cd .git &&
+	 git filter-branch branch > filter-output 2>&1 &&
+	! fgrep fatal filter-output)
+'
+git config core.bare false
+test_expect_success 'result is really identical' '
+	test $H = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+TRASHDIR=$(pwd)
+test_expect_success 'correct GIT_DIR while using -d' '
+	mkdir drepo &&
+	( cd drepo &&
+	git init &&
+	test_commit drepo &&
+	git filter-branch -d "$TRASHDIR/dfoo" \
+		--index-filter "cp \"$TRASHDIR\"/dfoo/backup-refs \"$TRASHDIR\"" \
+	) &&
+	grep drepo "$TRASHDIR/backup-refs"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail if commit filter fails' '
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f --commit-filter "exit 1" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite, renaming a specific file' '
+	git filter-branch -f --tree-filter "mv d doh || :" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test that the file was renamed' '
+	test d = "$(git show HEAD:doh --)" &&
+	! test -f d &&
+	test -f doh &&
+	test d = "$(cat doh)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite, renaming a specific directory' '
+	git filter-branch -f --tree-filter "mv dir diroh || :" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test that the directory was renamed' '
+	test dir/d = "$(git show HEAD:diroh/d --)" &&
+	! test -d dir &&
+	test -d diroh &&
+	! test -d diroh/dir &&
+	test -f diroh/d &&
+	test dir/d = "$(cat diroh/d)"
+'
+
+git tag oldD HEAD~4
+test_expect_success 'rewrite one branch, keeping a side branch' '
+	git branch modD oldD &&
+	git filter-branch -f --tree-filter "mv b boh || :" D..modD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'common ancestor is still common (unchanged)' '
+	test "$(git merge-base modD D)" = "$(git rev-parse B)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filter subdirectory only' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	touch subdir/new &&
+	git add subdir/new &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "subdir" &&
+	echo H > a &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "not subdir" a &&
+	echo A > subdir/new &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "again subdir" subdir/new &&
+	git rm a &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "again not subdir" &&
+	git branch sub &&
+	git branch sub-earlier HEAD~2 &&
+	git filter-branch -f --subdirectory-filter subdir \
+		refs/heads/sub refs/heads/sub-earlier
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdirectory filter result looks okay' '
+	test 2 = $(git rev-list sub | wc -l) &&
+	git show sub:new &&
+	test_must_fail git show sub:subdir &&
+	git show sub-earlier:new &&
+	test_must_fail git show sub-earlier:subdir
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'more setup' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	echo A > subdir/new &&
+	git add subdir/new &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "subdir on master" subdir/new &&
+	git rm a &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "again subdir on master" &&
+	git merge branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use index-filter to move into a subdirectory' '
+	git branch directorymoved &&
+	git filter-branch -f --index-filter \
+		 "git ls-files -s | sed \"s-\\t-&newsubdir/-\" |
+	          GIT_INDEX_FILE=\$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new \
+			git update-index --index-info &&
+		  mv \"\$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new\" \"\$GIT_INDEX_FILE\"" directorymoved &&
+	test -z "$(git diff HEAD directorymoved:newsubdir)"'
+
+test_expect_success 'stops when msg filter fails' '
+	old=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f --msg-filter false HEAD &&
+	test $old = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	rm -rf .git-rewrite
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'author information is preserved' '
+	: > i &&
+	git add i &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B V Uips" git commit -m bvuips &&
+	git branch preserved-author &&
+	git filter-branch -f --msg-filter "cat; \
+			test \$GIT_COMMIT != $(git rev-parse master) || \
+			echo Hallo" \
+		preserved-author &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --author="B V Uips" preserved-author | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success "remove a certain author's commits" '
+	echo i > i &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m i i &&
+	git branch removed-author &&
+	git filter-branch -f --commit-filter "\
+		if [ \"\$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME\" = \"B V Uips\" ];\
+		then\
+			skip_commit \"\$@\";
+		else\
+			git commit-tree \"\$@\";\
+		fi" removed-author &&
+	cnt1=$(git rev-list master | wc -l) &&
+	cnt2=$(git rev-list removed-author | wc -l) &&
+	test $cnt1 -eq $(($cnt2 + 1)) &&
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list --author="B V Uips" removed-author | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'barf on invalid name' '
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f master xy-problem &&
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"map" works in commit filter' '
+	git filter-branch -f --commit-filter "\
+		parent=\$(git rev-parse \$GIT_COMMIT^) &&
+		mapped=\$(map \$parent) &&
+		actual=\$(echo \"\$@\" | sed \"s/^.*-p //\") &&
+		test \$mapped = \$actual &&
+		git commit-tree \"\$@\";" master~2..master &&
+	git rev-parse --verify master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Name needing quotes' '
+
+	git checkout -b rerere A &&
+	mkdir foo &&
+	name="れれれ" &&
+	>foo/$name &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "Adding a file" &&
+	git filter-branch --tree-filter "rm -fr foo" &&
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch "foo/$name" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --verify rerere) != $(git rev-parse --verify A)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Subdirectory filter with disappearing trees' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	mkdir foo &&
+	touch foo/bar &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Adding foo" &&
+
+	git rm -r foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Removing foo" &&
+
+	mkdir foo &&
+	touch foo/bar &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Re-adding foo" &&
+
+	git filter-branch -f --subdirectory-filter foo &&
+	test $(git rev-list master | wc -l) = 3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering retains tag message' '
+	git tag -m atag T &&
+	git cat-file tag T > expect &&
+	git filter-branch -f --tag-name-filter cat &&
+	git cat-file tag T > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+faux_gpg_tag='object XXXXXX
+type commit
+tag S
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1206026339 -0500
+
+This is a faux gpg signed tag.
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+Version: FauxGPG v0.0.0 (FAUX/Linux)
+
+gdsfoewhxu/6l06f1kxyxhKdZkrcbaiOMtkJUA9ITAc1mlamh0ooasxkH1XwMbYQ
+acmwXaWET20H0GeAGP+7vow=
+=agpO
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+'
+test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering strips gpg signature' '
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	sha1t=$(echo "$faux_gpg_tag" | sed -e s/XXXXXX/$sha1/ | git mktag) &&
+	git update-ref "refs/tags/S" "$sha1t" &&
+	echo "$faux_gpg_tag" | sed -e s/XXXXXX/$sha1/ | head -n 6 > expect &&
+	git filter-branch -f --tag-name-filter cat &&
+	git cat-file tag S > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering allows slashes in tag names' '
+	git tag -m tag-with-slash X/1 &&
+	git cat-file tag X/1 | sed -e s,X/1,X/2, > expect &&
+	git filter-branch -f --tag-name-filter "echo X/2" &&
+	git cat-file tag X/2 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Prune empty commits' '
+	git rev-list HEAD > expect &&
+	make_commit to_remove &&
+	git filter-branch -f --index-filter "git update-index --remove to_remove" --prune-empty HEAD &&
+	git rev-list HEAD > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..73dbc4360b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,1219 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Carlos Rica
+#
+
+test_description='git tag
+
+Tests for operations with tags.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# creating and listing lightweight tags:
+
+tag_exists () {
+	git show-ref --quiet --verify refs/tags/"$1"
+}
+
+# todo: git tag -l now returns always zero, when fixed, change this test
+test_expect_success 'listing all tags in an empty tree should succeed' '
+	git tag -l &&
+	git tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing all tags in an empty tree should output nothing' '
+	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 0 &&
+	test `git tag | wc -l` -eq 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'looking for a tag in an empty tree should fail' \
+	'! (tag_exists mytag)'
+
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag in an empty tree should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git tag mynotag &&
+	! tag_exists mynotag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag for HEAD in an empty tree should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git tag mytaghead HEAD &&
+	! tag_exists mytaghead
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag for an unknown revision should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git tag mytagnorev aaaaaaaaaaa &&
+	! tag_exists mytagnorev
+'
+
+# commit used in the tests, test_tick is also called here to freeze the date:
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag using default HEAD should succeed' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo foo >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m Foo &&
+	git tag mytag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should succeed' '
+	git tag -l &&
+	git tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should output that tag' '
+	test `git tag -l` = mytag &&
+	test `git tag` = mytag
+'
+
+# pattern matching:
+
+test_expect_success 'listing a tag using a matching pattern should succeed' \
+	'git tag -l mytag'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing a tag using a matching pattern should output that tag' \
+	'test `git tag -l mytag` = mytag'
+
+# todo: git tag -l now returns always zero, when fixed, change this test
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using a non-matching pattern should suceed' \
+	'git tag -l xxx'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using a non-matching pattern should output nothing' \
+	'test `git tag -l xxx | wc -l` -eq 0'
+
+# special cases for creating tags:
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to create a tag with the name of one existing should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag mytag'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to create a tag with a non-valid name should fail' '
+	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git tag "" &&
+	test_must_fail git tag .othertag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag "other tag" &&
+	test_must_fail git tag "othertag^" &&
+	test_must_fail git tag "other~tag" &&
+	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag using HEAD directly should succeed' '
+	git tag myhead HEAD &&
+	tag_exists myhead
+'
+
+# deleting tags:
+
+test_expect_success 'trying to delete an unknown tag should fail' '
+	! tag_exists unknown-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -d unknown-tag
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+myhead
+mytag
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to delete tags without params should succeed and do nothing' '
+	git tag -l > actual && test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -d &&
+	git tag -l > actual && test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'deleting two existing tags in one command should succeed' '
+	tag_exists mytag &&
+	tag_exists myhead &&
+	git tag -d mytag myhead &&
+	! tag_exists mytag &&
+	! tag_exists myhead
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with the name of another deleted one should succeed' '
+	! tag_exists mytag &&
+	git tag mytag &&
+	tag_exists mytag
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to delete two tags, existing and not, should fail in the 2nd' '
+	tag_exists mytag &&
+	! tag_exists myhead &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -d mytag anothertag &&
+	! tag_exists mytag &&
+	! tag_exists myhead
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trying to delete an already deleted tag should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -d mytag'
+
+# listing various tags with pattern matching:
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+a1
+aa1
+cba
+t210
+t211
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'listing all tags should print them ordered' '
+	git tag v1.0.1 &&
+	git tag t211 &&
+	git tag aa1 &&
+	git tag v0.2.1 &&
+	git tag v1.1.3 &&
+	git tag cba &&
+	git tag a1 &&
+	git tag v1.0 &&
+	git tag t210 &&
+	git tag -l > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+a1
+aa1
+cba
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags with substring as pattern must print those matching' '
+	rm *a* &&
+	git tag -l "*a*" > current &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0.1
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags with a suffix as pattern must print those matching' '
+	git tag -l "*.1" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+t210
+t211
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags with a prefix as pattern must print those matching' '
+	git tag -l "t21*" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+a1
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using a name as pattern must print that one matching' '
+	git tag -l a1 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+v1.0
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using a name as pattern must print that one matching' '
+	git tag -l v1.0 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags with ? in the pattern should print those matching' '
+	git tag -l "v1.?.?" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+>expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using v.* should print nothing because none have v.' '
+	git tag -l "v.*" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing tags using v* should print only those having v' '
+	git tag -l "v*" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# creating and verifying lightweight tags:
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'a non-annotated tag created without parameters should point to HEAD' '
+	git tag non-annotated-tag &&
+	test $(git cat-file -t non-annotated-tag) = commit &&
+	test $(git rev-parse non-annotated-tag) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trying to verify an unknown tag should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -v unknown-tag'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to verify a non-annotated and non-signed tag should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -v non-annotated-tag'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to verify many non-annotated or unknown tags, should fail' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -v unknown-tag1 non-annotated-tag unknown-tag2'
+
+# creating annotated tags:
+
+get_tag_msg () {
+	git cat-file tag "$1" | sed -e "/BEGIN PGP/q"
+}
+
+# run test_tick before committing always gives the time in that timezone
+get_tag_header () {
+cat <<EOF
+object $2
+type $3
+tag $1
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> $4 -0700
+
+EOF
+}
+
+commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+time=$test_tick
+
+get_tag_header annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "A message" >>expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating an annotated tag with -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "A message" annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >msgfile <<EOF
+Another message
+in a file.
+EOF
+get_tag_header file-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat msgfile >>expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating an annotated tag with -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -F msgfile file-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg file-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >inputmsg <<EOF
+A message from the
+standard input
+EOF
+get_tag_header stdin-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat inputmsg >>expect
+test_expect_success 'creating an annotated tag with -F - should succeed' '
+	git tag -F - stdin-annotated-tag <inputmsg &&
+	get_tag_msg stdin-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to create a tag with a non-existing -F file should fail' '
+	! test -f nonexistingfile &&
+	! tag_exists notag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -F nonexistingfile notag &&
+	! tag_exists notag
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to create tags giving both -m or -F options should fail' '
+	echo "message file 1" >msgfile1 &&
+	echo "message file 2" >msgfile2 &&
+	! tag_exists msgtag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m "message 1" -F msgfile1 msgtag &&
+	! tag_exists msgtag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -F msgfile1 -m "message 1" msgtag &&
+	! tag_exists msgtag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m "message 1" -F msgfile1 \
+		-m "message 2" msgtag &&
+	! tag_exists msgtag
+'
+
+# blank and empty messages:
+
+get_tag_header empty-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with an empty -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "" empty-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg empty-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+>emptyfile
+get_tag_header emptyfile-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with an empty -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -F emptyfile emptyfile-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg emptyfile-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+printf '\n\n  \n\t\nLeading blank lines\n' >blanksfile
+printf '\n\t \t  \nRepeated blank lines\n' >>blanksfile
+printf '\n\n\nTrailing spaces      \t  \n' >>blanksfile
+printf '\nTrailing blank lines\n\n\t \n\n' >>blanksfile
+get_tag_header blanks-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat >>expect <<EOF
+Leading blank lines
+
+Repeated blank lines
+
+Trailing spaces
+
+Trailing blank lines
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'extra blanks in the message for an annotated tag should be removed' '
+	git tag -F blanksfile blanks-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blanks-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header blank-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with blank -m message with spaces should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "     " blank-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blank-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+echo '     ' >blankfile
+echo ''      >>blankfile
+echo '  '    >>blankfile
+get_tag_header blankfile-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with blank -F messagefile with spaces should succeed' '
+	git tag -F blankfile blankfile-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blankfile-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+printf '      ' >blanknonlfile
+get_tag_header blanknonlfile-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with -F file of spaces and no newline should succeed' '
+	git tag -F blanknonlfile blanknonlfile-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blanknonlfile-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# messages with commented lines:
+
+cat >commentsfile <<EOF
+# A comment
+
+############
+The message.
+############
+One line.
+
+
+# commented lines
+# commented lines
+
+Another line.
+# comments
+
+Last line.
+EOF
+get_tag_header comments-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat >>expect <<EOF
+The message.
+One line.
+
+Another line.
+
+Last line.
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag using a -F messagefile with #comments should succeed' '
+	git tag -F commentsfile comments-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg comments-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header comment-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with a #comment in the -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "#comment" comment-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg comment-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+echo '#comment' >commentfile
+echo ''         >>commentfile
+echo '####'     >>commentfile
+get_tag_header commentfile-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with #comments in the -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -F commentfile commentfile-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg commentfile-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+printf '#comment' >commentnonlfile
+get_tag_header commentnonlfile-annotated-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating a tag with a file of #comment and no newline should succeed' '
+	git tag -F commentnonlfile commentnonlfile-annotated-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg commentnonlfile-annotated-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# listing messages for annotated non-signed tags:
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing the one-line message of a non-signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "A msg" tag-one-line &&
+
+	echo "tag-one-line" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l tag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "tag-one-line    A msg" >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l tag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l tag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n999 -l tag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing the zero-lines message of a non-signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -m "" tag-zero-lines &&
+
+	echo "tag-zero-lines" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^tag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^tag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l tag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "tag-zero-lines  " >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^tag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^tag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l tag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l tag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n999 -l tag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+echo 'tag line one' >annotagmsg
+echo 'tag line two' >>annotagmsg
+echo 'tag line three' >>annotagmsg
+test_expect_success \
+	'listing many message lines of a non-signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -F annotagmsg tag-lines &&
+
+	echo "tag-lines" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^tag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^tag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "tag-lines       tag line one" >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^tag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^tag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "    tag line two" >>expect &&
+	git tag -n2 -l | grep "^ *tag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "    tag line three" >>expect &&
+	git tag -n3 -l | grep "^ *tag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n3 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n4 -l | grep "^ *tag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n4 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n99 -l | grep "^ *tag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n99 -l tag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# subsequent tests require gpg; check if it is available
+gpg --version >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
+	say "gpg not found - skipping tag signing and verification tests"
+else
+	# As said here: http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/faqs.html#q6.19
+	# the gpg version 1.0.6 didn't parse trust packets correctly, so for
+	# that version, creation of signed tags using the generated key fails.
+	case "$(gpg --version)" in
+	'gpg (GnuPG) 1.0.6'*)
+		say "Skipping signed tag tests, because a bug in 1.0.6 version"
+		;;
+	*)
+		test_set_prereq GPG
+		;;
+	esac
+fi
+
+# trying to verify annotated non-signed tags:
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'trying to verify an annotated non-signed tag should fail' '
+	tag_exists annotated-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v annotated-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'trying to verify a file-annotated non-signed tag should fail' '
+	tag_exists file-annotated-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v file-annotated-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'trying to verify two annotated non-signed tags should fail' '
+	tag_exists annotated-tag file-annotated-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v annotated-tag file-annotated-tag
+'
+
+# creating and verifying signed tags:
+
+# key generation info: gpg --homedir t/t7004 --gen-key
+# Type DSA and Elgamal, size 2048 bits, no expiration date.
+# Name and email: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+# No password given, to enable non-interactive operation.
+
+cp -R "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7004 ./gpghome
+chmod 0700 gpghome
+GNUPGHOME="$(pwd)/gpghome"
+export GNUPGHOME
+
+get_tag_header signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo 'A signed tag message' >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG 'creating a signed tag with -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "A signed tag message" signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header u-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo 'Another message' >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with a given key id' '
+
+	git tag -u committer@example.com -m "Another message" u-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg u-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with an unknown id (1)' '
+
+	test_must_fail git tag -u author@example.com \
+		-m "Another message" o-signed-tag
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with an unknown id (2)' '
+
+	test_must_fail git tag -u DEADBEEF -m "Another message" o-signed-tag
+
+'
+
+cat >fakeeditor <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+test -n "$1" && exec >"$1"
+echo A signed tag message
+echo from a fake editor.
+EOF
+chmod +x fakeeditor
+
+get_tag_header implied-sign $commit commit $time >expect
+./fakeeditor >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG '-u implies signed tag' '
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -u CDDE430D implied-sign &&
+	get_tag_msg implied-sign >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >sigmsgfile <<EOF
+Another signed tag
+message in a file.
+EOF
+get_tag_header file-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat sigmsgfile >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigmsgfile file-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg file-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >siginputmsg <<EOF
+A signed tag message from
+the standard input
+EOF
+get_tag_header stdin-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat siginputmsg >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG 'creating a signed tag with -F - should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F - stdin-signed-tag <siginputmsg &&
+	get_tag_msg stdin-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header implied-annotate $commit commit $time >expect
+./fakeeditor >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG '-s implies annotated tag' '
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -s implied-annotate &&
+	get_tag_msg implied-annotate >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'trying to create a signed tag with non-existing -F file should fail' '
+	! test -f nonexistingfile &&
+	! tag_exists nosigtag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -s -F nonexistingfile nosigtag &&
+	! tag_exists nosigtag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a signed tag should succeed' \
+	'git tag -v signed-tag'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying two signed tags in one command should succeed' \
+	'git tag -v signed-tag file-signed-tag'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'verifying many signed and non-signed tags should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag annotated-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v file-annotated-tag file-signed-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v annotated-tag \
+		file-signed-tag file-annotated-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag annotated-tag file-signed-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a forged tag should fail' '
+	forged=$(git cat-file tag signed-tag |
+		sed -e "s/signed-tag/forged-tag/" |
+		git mktag) &&
+	git tag forged-tag $forged &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v forged-tag
+'
+
+# blank and empty messages for signed tags:
+
+get_tag_header empty-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with an empty -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "" empty-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg empty-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v empty-signed-tag
+'
+
+>sigemptyfile
+get_tag_header emptyfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with an empty -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigemptyfile emptyfile-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg emptyfile-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v emptyfile-signed-tag
+'
+
+printf '\n\n  \n\t\nLeading blank lines\n' > sigblanksfile
+printf '\n\t \t  \nRepeated blank lines\n' >>sigblanksfile
+printf '\n\n\nTrailing spaces      \t  \n' >>sigblanksfile
+printf '\nTrailing blank lines\n\n\t \n\n' >>sigblanksfile
+get_tag_header blanks-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat >>expect <<EOF
+Leading blank lines
+
+Repeated blank lines
+
+Trailing spaces
+
+Trailing blank lines
+EOF
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'extra blanks in the message for a signed tag should be removed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigblanksfile blanks-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blanks-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v blanks-signed-tag
+'
+
+get_tag_header blank-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with a blank -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "     " blank-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blank-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v blank-signed-tag
+'
+
+echo '     ' >sigblankfile
+echo ''      >>sigblankfile
+echo '  '    >>sigblankfile
+get_tag_header blankfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with blank -F file with spaces should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigblankfile blankfile-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blankfile-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v blankfile-signed-tag
+'
+
+printf '      ' >sigblanknonlfile
+get_tag_header blanknonlfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with spaces and no newline should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigblanknonlfile blanknonlfile-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg blanknonlfile-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v signed-tag
+'
+
+# messages with commented lines for signed tags:
+
+cat >sigcommentsfile <<EOF
+# A comment
+
+############
+The message.
+############
+One line.
+
+
+# commented lines
+# commented lines
+
+Another line.
+# comments
+
+Last line.
+EOF
+get_tag_header comments-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+cat >>expect <<EOF
+The message.
+One line.
+
+Another line.
+
+Last line.
+EOF
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with a -F file with #comments should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigcommentsfile comments-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg comments-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v comments-signed-tag
+'
+
+get_tag_header comment-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with #commented -m message should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "#comment" comment-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg comment-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v comment-signed-tag
+'
+
+echo '#comment' >sigcommentfile
+echo ''         >>sigcommentfile
+echo '####'     >>sigcommentfile
+get_tag_header commentfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with #commented -F messagefile should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigcommentfile commentfile-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg commentfile-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v commentfile-signed-tag
+'
+
+printf '#comment' >sigcommentnonlfile
+get_tag_header commentnonlfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with a #comment and no newline should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigcommentnonlfile commentnonlfile-signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg commentnonlfile-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -v commentnonlfile-signed-tag
+'
+
+# listing messages for signed tags:
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'listing the one-line message of a signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "A message line signed" stag-one-line &&
+
+	echo "stag-one-line" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^stag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^stag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l stag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "stag-one-line   A message line signed" >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^stag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^stag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l stag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l stag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n999 -l stag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'listing the zero-lines message of a signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "" stag-zero-lines &&
+
+	echo "stag-zero-lines" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^stag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^stag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l stag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "stag-zero-lines " >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^stag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^stag-zero-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l stag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l stag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n999 -l stag-zero-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+echo 'stag line one' >sigtagmsg
+echo 'stag line two' >>sigtagmsg
+echo 'stag line three' >>sigtagmsg
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'listing many message lines of a signed tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -F sigtagmsg stag-lines &&
+
+	echo "stag-lines" >expect &&
+	git tag -l | grep "^stag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l | grep "^stag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "stag-lines      stag line one" >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^stag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n -l | grep "^stag-lines" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n1 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "    stag line two" >>expect &&
+	git tag -n2 -l | grep "^ *stag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n2 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "    stag line three" >>expect &&
+	git tag -n3 -l | grep "^ *stag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n3 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n4 -l | grep "^ *stag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n4 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n99 -l | grep "^ *stag.line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n99 -l stag-lines >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# tags pointing to objects different from commits:
+
+tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree})
+blob=$(git rev-parse HEAD:foo)
+tag=$(git rev-parse signed-tag 2>/dev/null)
+
+get_tag_header tree-signed-tag $tree tree $time >expect
+echo "A message for a tree" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag pointing to a tree should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "A message for a tree" tree-signed-tag HEAD^{tree} &&
+	get_tag_msg tree-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header blob-signed-tag $blob blob $time >expect
+echo "A message for a blob" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag pointing to a blob should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "A message for a blob" blob-signed-tag HEAD:foo &&
+	get_tag_msg blob-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+get_tag_header tag-signed-tag $tag tag $time >expect
+echo "A message for another tag" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag pointing to another tag should succeed' '
+	git tag -s -m "A message for another tag" tag-signed-tag signed-tag &&
+	get_tag_msg tag-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# try to sign with bad user.signingkey
+git config user.signingkey BobTheMouse
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'git tag -s fails if gpg is misconfigured' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
+git config --unset user.signingkey
+
+# try to verify without gpg:
+
+rm -rf gpghome
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'verify signed tag fails when public key is not present' \
+	'test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'git tag -a fails if tag annotation is empty' '
+	! (GIT_EDITOR=cat git tag -a initial-comment)
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'message in editor has initial comment' '
+	GIT_EDITOR=cat git tag -a initial-comment > actual
+	# check the first line --- should be empty
+	first=$(sed -e 1q <actual) &&
+	test -z "$first" &&
+	# remove commented lines from the remainder -- should be empty
+	rest=$(sed -e 1d -e '/^#/d' <actual) &&
+	test -z "$rest"
+'
+
+get_tag_header reuse $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "An annotation to be reused" >> expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'overwriting an annoted tag should use its previous body' '
+	git tag -a -m "An annotation to be reused" reuse &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=true git tag -f -a reuse &&
+	get_tag_msg reuse >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filename for the message is relative to cwd' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	echo "Tag message in top directory" >msgfile-5 &&
+	echo "Tag message in sub directory" >subdir/msgfile-5 &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git tag -a -F msgfile-5 tag-from-subdir
+	) &&
+	git cat-file tag tag-from-subdir | grep "in sub directory"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filename for the message is relative to cwd' '
+	echo "Tag message in sub directory" >subdir/msgfile-6 &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git tag -a -F msgfile-6 tag-from-subdir-2
+	) &&
+	git cat-file tag tag-from-subdir-2 | grep "in sub directory"
+'
+
+# create a few more commits to test --contains
+
+hash1=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating second commit and tag' '
+	echo foo-2.0 >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m second
+	git tag v2.0
+'
+
+hash2=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating third commit without tag' '
+	echo foo-dev >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m third
+'
+
+hash3=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+# simple linear checks of --continue
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (hash)' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# other ways of specifying the commit
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (tag)' "
+	git tag -l --contains v1.0 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
+	git tag -l --contains HEAD~2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that second commit only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that third commit has no tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# how about a simple merge?
+
+test_expect_success 'creating simple branch' '
+	git branch stable v2.0 &&
+        git checkout stable &&
+	echo foo-3.0 > foo &&
+	git commit foo -m fourth
+	git tag v3.0
+'
+
+hash4=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v3.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that branch head only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash4 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'merging original branch into this branch' '
+	git merge --strategy=ours master &&
+        git tag v4.0
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that original branch head has one tag now' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+v3.0
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# mixing modes and options:
+
+test_expect_success 'mixing incompatibles modes and options is forbidden' '
+	test_must_fail git tag -a
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -v
+	test_must_fail git tag -n 100
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -m msg
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -F some file
+	test_must_fail git tag -v -s
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7004/pubring.gpg b/t/t7004/pubring.gpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83855fa4e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7004/pubring.gpg
diff --git a/t/t7004/random_seed b/t/t7004/random_seed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8fed1339ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7004/random_seed
diff --git a/t/t7004/secring.gpg b/t/t7004/secring.gpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d831cd9eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7004/secring.gpg
diff --git a/t/t7004/trustdb.gpg b/t/t7004/trustdb.gpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abace962b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7004/trustdb.gpg
diff --git a/t/t7005-editor.sh b/t/t7005-editor.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b647957d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7005-editor.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, and stuff'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+for i in GIT_EDITOR core_editor EDITOR VISUAL vi
+do
+	cat >e-$i.sh <<-EOF
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	echo "Edited by $i" >"\$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod +x e-$i.sh
+done
+unset vi
+mv e-vi.sh vi
+unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	msg="Hand edited" &&
+	echo "$msg" >expect &&
+	git add vi &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$msg" &&
+	git show -s --pretty=oneline |
+	sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
+	diff actual expect
+
+'
+
+TERM=dumb
+export TERM
+test_expect_success 'dumb should error out when falling back on vi' '
+
+	if git commit --amend
+	then
+		echo "Oops?"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+'
+
+TERM=vt100
+export TERM
+for i in vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
+do
+	echo "Edited by $i" >expect
+	unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
+	git config --unset-all core.editor
+	case "$i" in
+	core_editor)
+		git config core.editor ./e-core_editor.sh
+		;;
+	[A-Z]*)
+		eval "$i=./e-$i.sh"
+		export $i
+		;;
+	esac
+	test_expect_success "Using $i" '
+		git --exec-path=. commit --amend &&
+		git show -s --pretty=oneline |
+		sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
+		diff actual expect
+	'
+done
+
+unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
+git config --unset-all core.editor
+for i in vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
+do
+	echo "Edited by $i" >expect
+	case "$i" in
+	core_editor)
+		git config core.editor ./e-core_editor.sh
+		;;
+	[A-Z]*)
+		eval "$i=./e-$i.sh"
+		export $i
+		;;
+	esac
+	test_expect_success "Using $i (override)" '
+		git --exec-path=. commit --amend &&
+		git show -s --pretty=oneline |
+		sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
+		diff actual expect
+	'
+done
+
+if ! echo 'echo space > "$1"' > "e space.sh"
+then
+	say "Skipping; FS does not support spaces in filenames"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'editor with a space' '
+
+	chmod a+x "e space.sh" &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="./e\ space.sh" git commit --amend &&
+	test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
+
+'
+
+unset GIT_EDITOR
+test_expect_success 'core.editor with a space' '
+
+	git config core.editor \"./e\ space.sh\" &&
+	git commit --amend &&
+	test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7007-show.sh b/t/t7007-show.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cce222f052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7007-show.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git show'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello world >foo &&
+	H=$(git hash-object -w foo) &&
+	git tag -a foo-tag -m "Tags $H" $H &&
+	HH=$(expr "$H" : "\(..\)") &&
+	H38=$(expr "$H" : "..\(.*\)") &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/$HH/$H38
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing a tag that point at a missing object' '
+	test_must_fail git --no-pager show foo-tag
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7010-setup.sh b/t/t7010-setup.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d8a7c79852
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7010-setup.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='setup taking and sanitizing funny paths'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir -p a/b/c a/e &&
+	D=$(pwd) &&
+	>a/b/c/d &&
+	>a/e/f
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add (absolute)' '
+
+	git add "$D/a/b/c/d" &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	echo a/b/c/d >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git add (funny relative)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	(
+		cd a/b &&
+		git add "../e/./f"
+	) &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	echo a/e/f >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git rm (absolute)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git rm -f --cached "$D/a/b/c/d" &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	echo a/e/f >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git rm (funny relative)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	(
+		cd a/b &&
+		git rm -f --cached "../e/./f"
+	) &&
+	git ls-files >current &&
+	echo a/b/c/d >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files (absolute)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git ls-files "$D/a/e/../b" >current &&
+	echo a/b/c/d >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files (relative #1)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	(
+		cd a/b &&
+		git ls-files "../b/c"
+	)  >current &&
+	echo c/d >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files (relative #2)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	(
+		cd a/b &&
+		git ls-files --full-name "../e/f"
+	)  >current &&
+	echo a/e/f >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files (relative #3)' '
+
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	(
+		cd a/b &&
+		if git ls-files "../e/f"
+		then
+			echo Gaah, should have failed
+			exit 1
+		else
+			: happy
+		fi
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit using absolute path names' '
+	git commit -m "foo" &&
+	echo aa >>a/b/c/d &&
+	git commit -m "aa" "$(pwd)/a/b/c/d"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log using absolute path names' '
+	echo bb >>a/b/c/d &&
+	git commit -m "bb" "$(pwd)/a/b/c/d" &&
+
+	git log a/b/c/d >f1.txt &&
+	git log "$(pwd)/a/b/c/d" >f2.txt &&
+	test_cmp f1.txt f2.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame using absolute path names' '
+	git blame a/b/c/d >f1.txt &&
+	git blame "$(pwd)/a/b/c/d" >f2.txt &&
+	test_cmp f1.txt f2.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup deeper work tree' '
+	test_create_repo tester
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a directory outside the work tree' '(
+	cd tester &&
+	d1="$(cd .. ; pwd)" &&
+	test_must_fail git add "$d1"
+)'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'add a file outside the work tree, nasty case 1' '(
+	cd tester &&
+	f="$(pwd)x" &&
+	echo "$f" &&
+	touch "$f" &&
+	test_must_fail git add "$f"
+)'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a file outside the work tree, nasty case 2' '(
+	cd tester &&
+	f="$(pwd | sed "s/.$//")x" &&
+	echo "$f" &&
+	touch "$f" &&
+	test_must_fail git add "$f"
+)'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7101-reset.sh b/t/t7101-reset.sh
index a9191407f2..96e163f084 100755
--- a/t/t7101-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7101-reset.sh
@@ -3,61 +3,61 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Shawn Pearce
 #
 
-test_description='git-reset should cull empty subdirs'
+test_description='git reset should cull empty subdirs'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
     'creating initial files' \
     'mkdir path0 &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
-     git-add path0/COPYING &&
-     git-commit -m add -a'
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
+     git add path0/COPYING &&
+     git commit -m add -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'creating second files' \
     'mkdir path1 &&
      mkdir path1/path2 &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path1/path2/COPYING &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path1/COPYING &&
-     cp ../../COPYING COPYING &&
-     cp ../../COPYING path0/COPYING-TOO &&
-     git-add path1/path2/COPYING &&
-     git-add path1/COPYING &&
-     git-add COPYING &&
-     git-add path0/COPYING-TOO &&
-     git-commit -m change -a'
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path1/path2/COPYING &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path1/COPYING &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING COPYING &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING-TOO &&
+     git add path1/path2/COPYING &&
+     git add path1/COPYING &&
+     git add COPYING &&
+     git add path0/COPYING-TOO &&
+     git commit -m change -a'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'resetting tree HEAD^' \
-    'git-reset --hard HEAD^'
+    'git reset --hard HEAD^'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking initial files exist after rewind' \
     'test -d path0 &&
      test -f path0/COPYING'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking lack of path1/path2/COPYING' \
-    'test -f path1/path2/COPYING'
+    '! test -f path1/path2/COPYING'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking lack of path1/COPYING' \
-    'test -f path1/COPYING'
+    '! test -f path1/COPYING'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking lack of COPYING' \
-    'test -f COPYING'
+    '! test -f COPYING'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking checking lack of path1/COPYING-TOO' \
-    'test -f path0/COPYING-TOO'
+    '! test -f path0/COPYING-TOO'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking lack of path1/path2' \
-    'test -d path1/path2'
+    '! test -d path1/path2'
 
-test_expect_failure \
+test_expect_success \
     'checking lack of path1' \
-    'test -d path1'
+    '! test -d path1'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e637c7d4db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Carlos Rica
+#
+
+test_description='git reset
+
+Documented tests for git reset'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'creating initial files and commits' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo "1st file" >first &&
+	git add first &&
+	git commit -m "create 1st file" &&
+
+	echo "2nd file" >second &&
+	git add second &&
+	git commit -m "create 2nd file" &&
+
+	echo "2nd line 1st file" >>first &&
+	git commit -a -m "modify 1st file" &&
+
+	git rm first &&
+	git mv second secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "remove 1st and rename 2nd" &&
+
+	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
+	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file"
+'
+# git log --pretty=oneline # to see those SHA1 involved
+
+check_changes () {
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$1" &&
+	git diff | test_cmp .diff_expect - &&
+	git diff --cached | test_cmp .cached_expect - &&
+	for FILE in *
+	do
+		echo $FILE':'
+		cat $FILE || return
+	done | test_cmp .cat_expect -
+}
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'giving a non existing revision should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git reset aaaaaa &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --mixed aaaaaa &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft aaaaaa &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard aaaaaa &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --soft with unmerged index should fail' '
+	touch .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	echo "100644 44c5b5884550c17758737edcced463447b91d42b 1	un" |
+		git update-index --index-info &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft HEAD &&
+	rm .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	git rm --cached -- un
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'giving paths with options different than --mixed should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft -- first &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard -- first &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft HEAD^ -- first &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard HEAD^ -- first &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'giving unrecognized options should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git reset --other &&
+	test_must_fail git reset -o &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --mixed --other &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --mixed -o &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft --other &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft -o &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard --other &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard -o &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to do reset --soft with pending merge should fail' '
+	git branch branch1 &&
+	git branch branch2 &&
+
+	git checkout branch1 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch1" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "change in branch1" &&
+
+	git checkout branch2 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch2" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "change in branch2" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge branch1 &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft &&
+
+	printf "1st line 2nd file\n2nd line 2nd file\n3rd line" >secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "the change in branch2" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'trying to do reset --soft with pending checkout merge should fail' '
+	git branch branch3 &&
+	git branch branch4 &&
+
+	git checkout branch3 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch3" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "line in branch3" &&
+
+	git checkout branch4 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch4" >>secondfile &&
+
+	git checkout -m branch3 &&
+	test_must_fail git reset --soft &&
+
+	printf "1st line 2nd file\n2nd line 2nd file\n3rd line" >secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "the line in branch3" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D branch3 branch4 &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'resetting to HEAD with no changes should succeed and do nothing' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset --soft &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset --soft HEAD &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset --mixed &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset --mixed HEAD &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	git reset HEAD &&
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+cat >.cached_expect <<EOF
+diff --git a/secondfile b/secondfile
+index 1bbba79..44c5b58 100644
+--- a/secondfile
++++ b/secondfile
+@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+-2nd file
++1st line 2nd file
++2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success '--soft reset only should show changes in diff --cached' '
+	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
+	check_changes d1a4bc3abce4829628ae2dcb0d60ef3d1a78b1c4 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
+			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+3rd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'changing files and redo the last commit should succeed' '
+	echo "3rd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -C ORIG_HEAD &&
+	check_changes 3d3b7be011a58ca0c179ae45d94e6c83c0b0cd0d &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
+			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+first:
+1st file
+2nd line 1st file
+second:
+2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'--hard reset should change the files and undo commits permanently' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD~2 &&
+	check_changes ddaefe00f1da16864591c61fdc7adb5d7cd6b74e &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
+			3d3b7be011a58ca0c179ae45d94e6c83c0b0cd0d
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+cat >.cached_expect <<EOF
+diff --git a/first b/first
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 8206c22..0000000
+--- a/first
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
+-1st file
+-2nd line 1st file
+diff --git a/second b/second
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 1bbba79..0000000
+--- a/second
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-2nd file
+diff --git a/secondfile b/secondfile
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..44c5b58
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/secondfile
+@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
++1st line 2nd file
++2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'redoing changes adding them without commit them should succeed' '
+	git rm first &&
+	git mv second secondfile &&
+
+	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
+	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
+	git add secondfile &&
+	check_changes ddaefe00f1da16864591c61fdc7adb5d7cd6b74e
+'
+
+cat >.diff_expect <<EOF
+diff --git a/first b/first
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 8206c22..0000000
+--- a/first
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
+-1st file
+-2nd line 1st file
+diff --git a/second b/second
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 1bbba79..0000000
+--- a/second
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-2nd file
+EOF
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success '--mixed reset to HEAD should unadd the files' '
+	git reset &&
+	check_changes ddaefe00f1da16864591c61fdc7adb5d7cd6b74e &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
+			ddaefe00f1da16864591c61fdc7adb5d7cd6b74e
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'redoing the last two commits should succeed' '
+	git add secondfile &&
+	git reset --hard ddaefe00f1da16864591c61fdc7adb5d7cd6b74e &&
+
+	git rm first &&
+	git mv second secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "remove 1st and rename 2nd" &&
+
+	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
+	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file" &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+3rd line in branch2
+EOF
+test_expect_success '--hard reset to HEAD should clear a failed merge' '
+	git branch branch1 &&
+	git branch branch2 &&
+
+	git checkout branch1 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch1" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "change in branch1" &&
+
+	git checkout branch2 &&
+	echo "3rd line in branch2" >>secondfile &&
+	git commit -a -m "change in branch2" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git pull . branch1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	check_changes 77abb337073fb4369a7ad69ff6f5ec0e4d6b54bb
+'
+
+>.diff_expect
+>.cached_expect
+cat >.cat_expect <<EOF
+secondfile:
+1st line 2nd file
+2nd line 2nd file
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'--hard reset to ORIG_HEAD should clear a fast-forward merge' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+
+	git pull . branch1 &&
+	git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
+	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+index d00491f..7ed6ff8 100644
+--- a/file1
++++ b/file1
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-1
++5
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 0cfbf08..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-2
+EOF
+cat > cached_expect << EOF
+diff --git a/file4 b/file4
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b8626c4
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file4
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++4
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'test --mixed <paths>' '
+	echo 1 > file1 &&
+	echo 2 > file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m files &&
+	git rm file2 &&
+	echo 3 > file3 &&
+	echo 4 > file4 &&
+	echo 5 > file1 &&
+	git add file1 file3 file4 &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
+	git diff > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect &&
+	git diff --cached > output &&
+	test_cmp output cached_expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test resetting the index at give paths' '
+
+	mkdir sub &&
+	>sub/file1 &&
+	>sub/file2 &&
+	git update-index --add sub/file1 sub/file2 &&
+	T=$(git write-tree) &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD sub/file2 &&
+	U=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo "$T" &&
+	echo "$U" &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --cached --exit-code "$T" &&
+	test "$T" != "$U"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resetting an unmodified path is a no-op' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git reset -- file1 &&
+	git diff-files --exit-code &&
+	git diff-index --cached --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+file2: locally modified
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--mixed refreshes the index' '
+	echo 123 >> file2 &&
+	git reset --mixed HEAD > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguation (1)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	>secondfile &&
+	git add secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git reset secondfile &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
+	test -f secondfile &&
+	test ! -s secondfile
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguation (2)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	>secondfile &&
+	git add secondfile &&
+	rm -f secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git reset secondfile &&
+	test -n "$(git diff --cached --name-only -- secondfile)" &&
+	test ! -f secondfile
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguation (3)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	>secondfile &&
+	git add secondfile &&
+	rm -f secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD secondfile &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
+	test ! -f secondfile
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguation (4)' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	>secondfile &&
+	git add secondfile &&
+	rm -f secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git reset -- secondfile &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
+	test ! -f secondfile
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..42bf518c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git reset in a bare repository'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup non-bare' '
+	echo one >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	echo two >file &&
+	git commit -a -m two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup bare' '
+	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+	cd bare.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hard reset is not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail  git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'soft reset is allowed' '
+	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
+	test "`git show --pretty=format:%s | head -n 1`" = "one"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7104-reset.sh b/t/t7104-reset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f136ee7bb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7104-reset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='reset --hard unmerged'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir before later &&
+	>before/1 &&
+	>before/2 &&
+	>hello &&
+	>later/3 &&
+	git add before hello later &&
+	git commit -m world &&
+
+	H=$(git rev-parse :hello) &&
+	git rm --cached hello &&
+	echo "100644 $H 2	hello" | git update-index --index-info &&
+
+	rm -f hello &&
+	mkdir -p hello &&
+	>hello/world &&
+	test "$(git ls-files -o)" = hello/world
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard should restore unmerged ones' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch before/1 before/2 hello later/3 &&
+	test -f hello
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard did not corrupt index nor cached-tree' '
+
+	T=$(git write-tree) &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git add before hello later &&
+	U=$(git write-tree) &&
+	test "$T" = "$U"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 5fa6a45577..ebfd34df36 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='git-checkout tests.
+test_description='git checkout tests.
 
 Creates master, forks renamer and side branches from it.
 Test switching across them.
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ Test switching across them.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_tick
+
 fill () {
 	for i
 	do
@@ -30,9 +32,10 @@ fill () {
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
+	fill x y z > same &&
 	fill 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >one &&
 	fill a b c d e >two &&
-	git add one two &&
+	git add same one two &&
 	git commit -m "Initial A one, A two" &&
 
 	git checkout -b renamer &&
@@ -74,32 +77,53 @@ test_expect_success "checkout with dirty tree without -m" '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success "checkout with unrelated dirty tree without -m" '
+
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	fill 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >same &&
+	cp same kept
+	git checkout side >messages &&
+	test_cmp same kept
+	(cat > messages.expect <<EOF
+M	same
+EOF
+) &&
+	touch messages.expect &&
+	test_cmp messages.expect messages
+'
+
 test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree" '
 
 	git checkout -f master &&
-	git clean &&
+	git clean -f &&
 
 	fill 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >one &&
-	git checkout -m side &&
+	git checkout -m side > messages &&
 
 	test "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "refs/heads/side" &&
 
+	(cat >expect.messages <<EOF
+M	one
+EOF
+) &&
+	test_cmp expect.messages messages &&
+
 	fill "M	one" "A	three" "D	two" >expect.master &&
 	git diff --name-status master >current.master &&
-	diff expect.master current.master &&
+	test_cmp expect.master current.master &&
 
 	fill "M	one" >expect.side &&
 	git diff --name-status side >current.side &&
-	diff expect.side current.side &&
+	test_cmp expect.side current.side &&
 
 	: >expect.index &&
 	git diff --cached >current.index &&
-	diff expect.index current.index
+	test_cmp expect.index current.index
 '
 
 test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree, renamed" '
 
-	git checkout -f master && git clean &&
+	git checkout -f master && git clean -f &&
 
 	fill 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 >one &&
 	if git checkout renamer
@@ -112,7 +136,7 @@ test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree, renamed" '
 
 	git checkout -m renamer &&
 	fill 1 3 4 5 7 8 >expect &&
-	diff expect uno &&
+	test_cmp expect uno &&
 	! test -f one &&
 	git diff --cached >current &&
 	! test -s current
@@ -121,7 +145,7 @@ test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree, renamed" '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout -m with merge conflict' '
 
-	git checkout -f master && git clean &&
+	git checkout -f master && git clean -f &&
 
 	fill 1 T 3 4 5 6 S 8 >one &&
 	if git checkout renamer
@@ -137,15 +161,24 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout -m with merge conflict' '
 	git diff master:one :3:uno |
 	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" -e "/^ /d" -e "s/^-/d/" -e "s/^+/a/" >current &&
 	fill d2 aT d7 aS >expect &&
-	diff current expect &&
+	test_cmp current expect &&
 	git diff --cached two >current &&
 	! test -s current
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD' '
 
-	git checkout -f renamer && git clean &&
-	git checkout renamer^ &&
+	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
+	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
+	(cat >messages.expect <<EOF
+Note: moving to '\''renamer^'\'' which isn'\''t a local branch
+If you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so
+(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
+  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>
+HEAD is now at 7329388... Initial A one, A two
+EOF
+) &&
+	test_cmp messages.expect messages &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
@@ -160,7 +193,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD with branchname^' '
 
-	git checkout -f master && git clean &&
+	git checkout -f master && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
@@ -174,9 +207,25 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD with branchname^' '
 	fi
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD with :/message' '
+
+	git checkout -f master && git clean -f &&
+	git checkout ":/Initial" &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
+	if git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		echo "OOPS, HEAD is still symbolic???"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD with HEAD^0' '
 
-	git checkout -f master && git clean &&
+	git checkout -f master && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
@@ -190,4 +239,307 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD with HEAD^0' '
 	fi
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout with ambiguous tag/branch names' '
+
+	git tag both side &&
+	git branch both master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git checkout both &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
+	name=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
+	test "z$name" = zrefs/heads/both
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with ambiguous tag/branch names' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git tag frotz side &&
+	git branch frotz master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git checkout tags/frotz &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	S=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/side) &&
+	test "z$H" = "z$S" &&
+	if name=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+	then
+		echo "Bad -- should have detached"
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch branches while in subdirectory' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	mkdir subs &&
+	(
+		cd subs &&
+		git checkout side
+	) &&
+	! test -f subs/one &&
+	rm -fr subs
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout specific path while in subdirectory' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	mkdir subs &&
+	>subs/bero &&
+	git add subs/bero &&
+	git commit -m "add subs/bero" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	mkdir -p subs &&
+	(
+		cd subs &&
+		git checkout side -- bero
+	) &&
+	test -f subs/bero
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checkout w/--track sets up tracking' '
+    git config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
+    git checkout master &&
+    git checkout --track -b track1 &&
+    test "$(git config branch.track1.remote)" &&
+    test "$(git config branch.track1.merge)"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checkout w/autosetupmerge=always sets up tracking' '
+    git config branch.autosetupmerge always &&
+    git checkout master &&
+    git checkout -b track2 &&
+    test "$(git config branch.track2.remote)" &&
+    test "$(git config branch.track2.merge)"
+    git config branch.autosetupmerge false'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout w/--track from non-branch HEAD fails' '
+    git checkout master^0 &&
+    test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD &&
+    test_must_fail git checkout --track -b track &&
+    test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify track &&
+    test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD &&
+    test "z$(git rev-parse master^0)" = "z$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detach a symbolic link HEAD' '
+    git checkout master &&
+    git config --bool core.prefersymlinkrefs yes &&
+    git checkout side &&
+    git checkout master &&
+    it=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+    test "z$it" = zrefs/heads/master &&
+    here=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+    git checkout side^ &&
+    test "z$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master)" = "z$here"
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checkout with --track fakes a sensible -b <name>' '
+    git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/koala/bear renamer &&
+    git update-ref refs/new/koala/bear renamer &&
+
+    git checkout --track origin/koala/bear &&
+    test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
+    test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)" &&
+
+    git checkout master && git branch -D koala/bear &&
+
+    git checkout --track refs/remotes/origin/koala/bear &&
+    test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
+    test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)" &&
+
+    git checkout master && git branch -D koala/bear &&
+
+    git checkout --track remotes/origin/koala/bear &&
+    test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
+    test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)" &&
+
+    git checkout master && git branch -D koala/bear &&
+
+    git checkout --track refs/new/koala/bear &&
+    test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
+    test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checkout with --track, but without -b, fails with too short tracked name' '
+    test_must_fail git checkout --track renamer'
+
+setup_conflicting_index () {
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	O=$(echo original | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	A=$(echo ourside | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	B=$(echo theirside | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $A 0	fild" &&
+		echo "100644 $O 1	file" &&
+		echo "100644 $A 2	file" &&
+		echo "100644 $B 3	file" &&
+		echo "100644 $A 0	filf"
+	) | git update-index --index-info
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout an unmerged path should fail' '
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout fild file filf &&
+	test_cmp sample fild &&
+	test_cmp sample filf &&
+	test_cmp sample file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with an unmerged path can be ignored' '
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout -f fild file filf &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp sample file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout unmerged stage' '
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout --ours . &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	git checkout --theirs file &&
+	test ztheirside = "z$(cat file)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with --merge' '
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout -m -- fild file filf &&
+	(
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
+		echo ourside
+		echo "======="
+		echo theirside
+		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
+	) >merged &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp merged file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with --merge, in diff3 -m style' '
+	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout -m -- fild file filf &&
+	(
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
+		echo ourside
+		echo "|||||||"
+		echo original
+		echo "======="
+		echo theirside
+		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
+	) >merged &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp merged file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --conflict=merge, overriding config' '
+	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout --conflict=merge -- fild file filf &&
+	(
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
+		echo ourside
+		echo "======="
+		echo theirside
+		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
+	) >merged &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp merged file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --conflict=diff3' '
+	git config --unset merge.conflictstyle
+	setup_conflicting_index &&
+	echo "none of the above" >sample &&
+	echo ourside >expect &&
+	cat sample >fild &&
+	cat sample >file &&
+	cat sample >filf &&
+	git checkout --conflict=diff3 -- fild file filf &&
+	(
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
+		echo ourside
+		echo "|||||||"
+		echo original
+		echo "======="
+		echo theirside
+		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
+	) >merged &&
+	test_cmp expect fild &&
+	test_cmp expect filf &&
+	test_cmp merged file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failing checkout -b should not break working tree' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b renamer side^ &&
+	test $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) = refs/heads/master &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	git diff --cached --exit-code
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch out of non-branch' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	echo modified >one &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout renamer 2>error.log &&
+	! grep "^Previous HEAD" error.log
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..929d5d4d3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Michael Spang
+#
+
+test_description='git clean basic tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+git config clean.requireForce no
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	mkdir -p src &&
+	touch src/part1.c Makefile &&
+	echo build >.gitignore &&
+	echo \*.o >>.gitignore &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m setup &&
+	touch src/part2.c README &&
+	git add .
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean src/' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean src/ &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean src/ src/' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean src/ src/ &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with prefix' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs src/test &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so src/test/1.c &&
+	(cd src/ && git clean) &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f src/test/1.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with relative prefix' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	would_clean=$(
+		cd docs &&
+		git clean -n ../src |
+		sed -n -e "s|^Would remove ||p"
+	) &&
+	test "$would_clean" = ../src/part3.c || {
+		echo "OOps <$would_clean>"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with absolute path' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	would_clean=$(
+		cd docs &&
+		git clean -n "$(pwd)/../src" |
+		sed -n -e "s|^Would remove ||p"
+	) &&
+	test "$would_clean" = ../src/part3.c || {
+		echo "OOps <$would_clean>"
+		false
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with out of work tree relative path' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	(
+		cd docs &&
+		test_must_fail git clean -n ../..
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with out of work tree absolute path' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	dd=$(cd .. && pwd) &&
+	(
+		cd docs &&
+		test_must_fail git clean -n $dd
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d with prefix and path' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs src/feature &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c src/feature/file.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	(cd src/ && git clean -d feature/) &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -f src/feature/file.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean symbolic link' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	ln -s docs/manual.txt src/part4.c
+	git clean &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -f src/part4.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean with wildcard' '
+
+	touch a.clean b.clean other.c &&
+	git clean "*.clean" &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.clean &&
+	test ! -f b.clean &&
+	test -f other.c
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -n' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -n &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -d &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -d docs &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d src/ examples/' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs examples &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so examples/1.c &&
+	git clean -d src/ examples/ &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -f examples/1.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -x' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -x &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d -x' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -d -x &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -d docs &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test ! -d build
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -X' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -X &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d -X' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -d -X &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test ! -d build
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean.requireForce defaults to true' '
+
+	git config --unset clean.requireForce &&
+	test_must_fail git clean
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean.requireForce' '
+
+	git config clean.requireForce true &&
+	test_must_fail git clean
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean.requireForce and -n' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -n &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean.requireForce and -f' '
+
+	git clean -f &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test -f obj.o &&
+	test -f build/lib.so
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.excludesfile' '
+
+	echo excludes >excludes &&
+	echo included >included &&
+	git config core.excludesfile excludes &&
+	output=$(git clean -n excludes included 2>&1) &&
+	expr "$output" : ".*included" >/dev/null &&
+	! expr "$output" : ".*excludes" >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'removal failure' '
+
+	mkdir foo &&
+	touch foo/bar &&
+	(exec <foo/bar &&
+	 chmod 0 foo &&
+	 test_must_fail git clean -f -d)
+
+'
+chmod 755 foo
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0f2ccc6cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
+#
+
+test_description='Basic porcelain support for submodules
+
+This test tries to verify basic sanity of the init, update and status
+subcommands of git submodule.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#
+# Test setup:
+#  -create a repository in directory init
+#  -add a couple of files
+#  -add directory init to 'superproject', this creates a DIRLINK entry
+#  -add a couple of regular files to enable testing of submodule filtering
+#  -mv init subrepo
+#  -add an entry to .gitmodules for submodule 'example'
+#
+test_expect_success 'Prepare submodule testing' '
+	: > t &&
+	git add t &&
+	git commit -m "initial commit" &&
+	git branch initial HEAD &&
+	mkdir init &&
+	cd init &&
+	git init &&
+	echo a >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m "submodule commit 1" &&
+	git tag -a -m "rev-1" rev-1 &&
+	rev1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	if test -z "$rev1"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] submodule git rev-parse returned nothing"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	cd .. &&
+	echo a >a &&
+	echo z >z &&
+	git add a init z &&
+	git commit -m "super commit 1" &&
+	mv init .subrepo &&
+	GIT_CONFIG=.gitmodules git config submodule.example.url git://example.com/init.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Prepare submodule add testing' '
+	submodurl=$(pwd)
+	(
+		mkdir addtest &&
+		cd addtest &&
+		git init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" submod &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --branch' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add -b initial "$submodurl" submod-branch &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		cd submod-branch &&
+		git branch | grep initial
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./ in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" ././dotsubmod/./frotz/./ &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with // in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" slashslashsubmod///frotz// &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with /.. in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" dotdotsubmod/../realsubmod/frotz/.. &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./, /.. and // in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" dot/dotslashsubmod/./../..////realsubmod2/a/b/c/d/../../../../frotz//.. &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should fail for unmapped paths' '
+	if git submodule status
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] submodule status succeeded"
+		false
+	elif ! GIT_CONFIG=.gitmodules git config submodule.example.path init
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] git config failed to update .gitmodules"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should only print one line' '
+	lines=$(git submodule status | wc -l) &&
+	test $lines = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should initially be "missing"' '
+	git submodule status | grep "^-$rev1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init should register submodule url in .git/config' '
+	git submodule init &&
+	url=$(git config submodule.example.url) &&
+	if test "$url" != "git://example.com/init.git"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] init succeeded but submodule url is wrong"
+		false
+	elif test_must_fail git config submodule.example.url ./.subrepo
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] init succeeded but update of url failed"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update should fail when path is used by a file' '
+	echo "hello" >init &&
+	if git submodule update
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] update should have failed"
+		false
+	elif test "$(cat init)" != "hello"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] update failed but init file was molested"
+		false
+	else
+		rm init
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update should fail when path is used by a nonempty directory' '
+	mkdir init &&
+	echo "hello" >init/a &&
+	if git submodule update
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] update should have failed"
+		false
+	elif test "$(cat init/a)" != "hello"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] update failed but init/a was molested"
+		false
+	else
+		rm init/a
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update should work when path is an empty dir' '
+	rm -rf init &&
+	mkdir init &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	head=$(cd init && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	if test -z "$head"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] Failed to obtain submodule head"
+		false
+	elif test "$head" != "$rev1"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] Submodule head is $head but should have been $rev1"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should be "up-to-date" after update' '
+	git submodule status | grep "^ $rev1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should be "modified" after submodule commit' '
+	cd init &&
+	echo b >b &&
+	git add b &&
+	git commit -m "submodule commit 2" &&
+	rev2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	cd .. &&
+	if test -z "$rev2"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] submodule git rev-parse returned nothing"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	git submodule status | grep "^+$rev2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'the --cached sha1 should be rev1' '
+	git submodule --cached status | grep "^+$rev1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff should report the SHA1 of the new submodule commit' '
+	git diff | grep "^+Subproject commit $rev2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update should checkout rev1' '
+	git submodule update init &&
+	head=$(cd init && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	if test -z "$head"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] submodule git rev-parse returned nothing"
+		false
+	elif test "$head" != "$rev1"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] init did not checkout correct head"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should be "up-to-date" after update' '
+	git submodule status | grep "^ $rev1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout superproject with subproject already present' '
+	git checkout initial &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply submodule diff' '
+	git branch second &&
+	(
+		cd init &&
+		echo s >s &&
+		git add s &&
+		git commit -m "change subproject"
+	) &&
+	git update-index --add init &&
+	git commit -m "change init" &&
+	git format-patch -1 --stdout >P.diff &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	git apply --index P.diff &&
+	D=$(git diff --cached master) &&
+	test -z "$D"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update --init' '
+
+	mv init init2 &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.example.url "$(pwd)/init2" &&
+	git config --remove-section submodule.example
+	git submodule update init > update.out &&
+	grep "not initialized" update.out &&
+	test ! -d init/.git &&
+	git submodule update --init init &&
+	test -d init/.git
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not add files from a submodule' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git add init/a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gracefully add submodule with a trailing slash' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git commit -m "commit subproject" init &&
+	(cd init &&
+	 echo b > a) &&
+	git add init/ &&
+	git diff --exit-code --cached init &&
+	commit=$(cd init &&
+	 git commit -m update a >/dev/null &&
+	 git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git add init/ &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --exit-code --cached init &&
+	test $commit = $(git ls-files --stage |
+		sed -n "s/^160000 \([^ ]*\).*/\1/p")
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files gracefully handles trailing slash' '
+
+	test "init" = "$(git ls-files init/)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule <invalid-path> warns' '
+
+	git submodule no-such-submodule 2> output.err &&
+	grep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..61498293b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Ping Yin
+#
+
+test_description='Summary support for submodules
+
+This test tries to verify the sanity of summary subcommand of git submodule.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_file () {
+	sm=$1
+	shift
+	owd=$(pwd)
+	cd "$sm"
+	for name; do
+		echo "$name" > "$name" &&
+		git add "$name" &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "Add $name"
+	done >/dev/null
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7
+	cd "$owd"
+}
+commit_file () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit "$@" -m "Commit $*" >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_create_repo sm1 &&
+add_file . foo >/dev/null
+
+head1=$(add_file sm1 foo1 foo2)
+
+test_expect_success 'added submodule' "
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git submodule summary >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 0000000...$head1 (2):
+  > Add foo2
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+head2=$(add_file sm1 foo3)
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
+	git submodule summary >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head1...$head2 (1):
+  > Add foo3
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+cd sm1 &&
+git reset --hard HEAD~2 >/dev/null &&
+head3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7) &&
+cd ..
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head2...$head3 (2):
+  < Add foo3
+  < Add foo2
+
+EOF
+"
+
+head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5) &&
+head4_full=$(GIT_DIR=sm1/.git git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head2...$head4 (4):
+  > Add foo5
+  > Add foo4
+  < Add foo3
+  < Add foo2
+
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success '--summary-limit' "
+    git submodule summary -n 3 >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head2...$head4 (4):
+  > Add foo5
+  > Add foo4
+  < Add foo3
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+mv sm1 sm1-bak &&
+echo sm1 >sm1 &&
+head5=$(git hash-object sm1 | cut -c1-7) &&
+git add sm1 &&
+rm -f sm1 &&
+mv sm1-bak sm1
+
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
+    git submodule summary --cached >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head4(submodule)->$head5(blob) (3):
+  < Add foo5
+
+EOF
+"
+
+rm -rf sm1 &&
+git checkout-index sm1
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head4(submodule)->$head5(blob):
+
+EOF
+"
+
+rm -f sm1 &&
+test_create_repo sm1 &&
+head6=$(add_file sm1 foo6 foo7)
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head4...$head6:
+  Warn: sm1 doesn't contain commit $head4_full
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head5(blob)->$head6(submodule) (2):
+  > Add foo7
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+rm -rf sm1
+test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head6...0000000:
+
+EOF
+"
+
+test_create_repo sm2 &&
+head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
+git add sm2
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
+    git submodule summary >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head6...0000000:
+
+* sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
+  > Add foo9
+
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'path filter' "
+    git submodule summary sm2 >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
+  > Add foo9
+
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm2
+test_expect_success 'given commit' "
+    git submodule summary HEAD^ >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head6...0000000:
+
+* sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
+  > Add foo9
+
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success '--for-status' "
+    git submodule summary --for-status HEAD^ >actual &&
+    test_cmp actual - <<EOF
+# Modified submodules:
+#
+# * sm1 $head6...0000000:
+#
+# * sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
+#   > Add foo9
+#
+EOF
+"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7402-submodule-rebase.sh b/t/t7402-submodule-rebase.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f919c8d34d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7402-submodule-rebase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Johannes Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test rebasing and stashing with dirty submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git clone . submodule &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m submodule &&
+	echo second line >> file &&
+	(cd submodule && git pull) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m file-and-submodule -a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase with a dirty submodule' '
+
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 echo 3rd line >> file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m fork -a) &&
+	echo unrelated >> file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m unrelated file2 &&
+	echo other line >> file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m update file &&
+	CURRENT=$(cd submodule && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	EXPECTED=$(git rev-parse HEAD~2:submodule) &&
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase --onto HEAD~2 HEAD^ &&
+	STORED=$(git rev-parse HEAD:submodule) &&
+	test $EXPECTED = $STORED &&
+	test $CURRENT = $(cd submodule && git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+'
+
+cat > fake-editor.sh << \EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+echo $EDITOR_TEXT
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'interactive rebase with a dirty submodule' '
+
+	test submodule = $(git diff --name-only) &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh\"" EDITOR_TEXT="pick $HEAD" \
+		git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	test submodule = $(git diff --name-only)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase with dirty file and submodule fails' '
+
+	echo yet another line >> file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m next file &&
+	echo rewrite > file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m rewrite file &&
+	echo dirty > file &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --onto HEAD~2 HEAD^
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash with a dirty submodule' '
+
+	echo new > file &&
+	CURRENT=$(cd submodule && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git stash &&
+	test new != $(cat file) &&
+	test submodule = $(git diff --name-only) &&
+	test $CURRENT = $(cd submodule && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test new = $(cat file) &&
+	test $CURRENT = $(cd submodule && git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7538756487
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 David Aguilar
+#
+
+test_description='git submodule sync
+
+These tests exercise the "git submodule sync" subcommand.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m upstream
+	git clone . super &&
+	git clone super submodule &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git submodule add ../submodule submodule &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "submodule"
+	) &&
+	git clone super super-clone &&
+	(cd super-clone && git submodule update --init)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change submodule' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 echo second line >> file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -a -m "change submodule"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change submodule url' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git pull
+	) &&
+	mv submodule moved-submodule &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.url ../moved-submodule
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -a -m moved-submodule
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" should update submodule URLs' '
+	(cd super-clone &&
+	 git pull &&
+	 git submodule sync
+	) &&
+	test -d "$(git config -f super-clone/submodule/.git/config \
+	                        remote.origin.url)" &&
+	(cd super-clone/submodule &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git pull
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9a21f783d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merging with submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#
+# history
+#
+#        a --- c
+#      /   \ /
+# root      X
+#      \   / \
+#        b --- d
+#
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 git init &&
+	 echo original > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-root) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m root &&
+
+	git checkout -b a master &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 echo A > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-a) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+
+	git checkout -b b master &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 echo B > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-b) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m b
+
+	git checkout -b c a &&
+	git merge -s ours b &&
+
+	git checkout -b d b &&
+	git merge -s ours a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merging with modify/modify conflict' '
+
+	git checkout -b test1 a &&
+	test_must_fail git merge b &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_MSG &&
+	git diff &&
+	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merging with a modify/modify conflict between merge bases' '
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git checkout -b test2 c &&
+	git merge d
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-reference.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-reference.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cc16d3f05d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-reference.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Red Hat Inc, Author: Michael S. Tsirkin (mst@redhat.com)
+#
+
+test_description='test clone --reference'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+base_dir=`pwd`
+
+U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
+'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
+echo first > file1 &&
+git add file1 &&
+git commit -m A-initial'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' \
+'git clone A B && cd B &&
+echo second > file2 &&
+git add file2 &&
+git commit -m B-addition &&
+git repack -a -d &&
+git prune'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing supermodule' \
+'test_create_repo super && cd super &&
+echo file > file &&
+git add file &&
+git commit -m B-super-initial'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --reference' \
+'cd super && git submodule add --reference ../B "file://$base_dir/A" sub &&
+git commit -m B-super-added'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'after add: existence of info/alternates' \
+'test `wc -l <super/sub/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with add' \
+'cd super/sub &&
+echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
+git count-objects > current &&
+diff expected current'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning supermodule' \
+'git clone super super-clone'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'update with reference' \
+'cd super-clone && git submodule update --init --reference ../B'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'after update: existence of info/alternates' \
+'test `wc -l <super-clone/sub/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with update' \
+'cd super-clone/sub &&
+echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
+git count-objects > current &&
+diff expected current'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2d33d9efec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
+#
+
+test_description='Test updating submodules
+
+This test verifies that "git submodule update" detaches the HEAD of the
+submodule and "git submodule update --rebase/--merge" does not detach the HEAD.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+compare_head()
+{
+    sha_master=`git-rev-list --max-count=1 master`
+    sha_head=`git-rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD`
+
+    test "$sha_master" = "$sha_head"
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule tree' '
+	echo file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m upstream
+	git clone . super &&
+	git clone super submodule &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git submodule add ../submodule submodule &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "submodule" &&
+	 git submodule init submodule
+	) &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	echo "line2" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "Commit 2"
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  git pull --rebase origin
+	 ) &&
+	 git add submodule &&
+	 git commit -m "submodule update"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update detaching the HEAD ' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 ! compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase staying on master' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git checkout master
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --rebase submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --merge staying on master' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --merge submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - rebase in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update rebase
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config but --rebase given' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --rebase submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - merge in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update merge
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config but --merge given' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --merge submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD^
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 ! compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule init picks up rebase' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.url git://non-existing/git &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.path does-not-matter &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.update rebase &&
+	 git submodule init rebasing &&
+	 test "rebase" = $(git config submodule.rebasing.update)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule init picks up merge' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.url git://non-existing/git &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.path does-not-matter &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.update merge &&
+	 git submodule init merging &&
+	 test "merge" = $(git config submodule.merging.update)
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8eec0fa9bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Steven Grimm
+#
+
+test_description='git commit
+
+Tests for selected commit options.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+commit_msg_is () {
+	test "`git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1`" = "$1"
+}
+
+# A sanity check to see if commit is working at all.
+test_expect_success 'a basic commit in an empty tree should succeed' '
+	echo content > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "initial commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file should return error' '
+	echo changes >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --template "$PWD"/notexist
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file in config should return error' '
+	git config commit.template "$PWD"/notexist &&
+	test_must_fail git commit &&
+	git config --unset commit.template
+'
+
+# From now on we'll use a template file that exists.
+TEMPLATE="$PWD"/template
+
+test_expect_success 'unedited template should not commit' '
+	echo "template line" > "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --template "$TEMPLATE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unedited template with comments should not commit' '
+	echo "# comment in template" >> "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --template "$TEMPLATE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a Signed-off-by line by itself should not commit' '
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-signed-off &&
+		test_must_fail git commit --template "$TEMPLATE"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'adding comments to a template should not commit' '
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-comments &&
+		test_must_fail git commit --template "$TEMPLATE"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'adding real content to a template should commit' '
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
+		git commit --template "$TEMPLATE"
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "template linecommit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-t option should be short for --template' '
+	echo "short template" > "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	echo "new content" >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
+		git commit -t "$TEMPLATE"
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "short templatecommit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'config-specified template should commit' '
+	echo "new template" > "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	git config commit.template "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	echo "more content" >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
+		git commit
+	) &&
+	git config --unset commit.template &&
+	commit_msg_is "new templatecommit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'explicit commit message should override template' '
+	echo "still more content" >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content git commit --template "$TEMPLATE" \
+		-m "command line msg" &&
+	commit_msg_is "command line msg"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit message from file should override template' '
+	echo "content galore" >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	echo "standard input msg" |
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
+		git commit --template "$TEMPLATE" --file -
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "standard input msg"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using alternate GIT_INDEX_FILE (1)' '
+
+	cp .git/index saved-index &&
+	(
+		echo some new content >file &&
+	        GIT_INDEX_FILE=.git/another_index &&
+		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m "commit using another index" &&
+		git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+		git diff-files --exit-code
+	) &&
+	cmp .git/index saved-index >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using alternate GIT_INDEX_FILE (2)' '
+
+	cp .git/index saved-index &&
+	(
+		rm -f .git/no-such-index &&
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE=.git/no-such-index &&
+		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+		git commit -m "commit using nonexistent index" &&
+		test -z "$(git ls-files)" &&
+		test -z "$(git ls-tree HEAD)"
+
+	) &&
+	cmp .git/index saved-index >/dev/null
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+zort
+
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--signoff' '
+	echo "yet another content *narf*" >> foo &&
+	echo "zort" | git commit -s -F - foo &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed "1,/^$/d" > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit message from file (1)' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	echo "Log in top directory" >log &&
+	echo "Log in sub directory" >subdir/log &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -F log
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "Log in sub directory"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit message from file (2)' '
+	rm -f log &&
+	echo "Log in sub directory" >subdir/log &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -F log
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "Log in sub directory"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit message from stdin' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		echo "Log with foo word" | git commit --allow-empty -F -
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "Log with foo word"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit -F overrides -t' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		echo "-F log" > f.log &&
+		echo "-t template" > t.template &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -F f.log -t t.template
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "-F log"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500/add-comments b/t/t7500/add-comments
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a72e65c891
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/add-comments
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "# this is a new comment" >> "$1"
+echo "# and so is this" >> "$1"
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/t7500/add-content b/t/t7500/add-content
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2fa3d86a10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/add-content
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "commit message" >> "$1"
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/t7500/add-signed-off b/t/t7500/add-signed-off
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e1d856af6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/add-signed-off
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "Signed-off-by: foo <bar@frotz>" >> "$1"
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/t7501-commit.sh b/t/t7501-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e2ef53228e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7501-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
+#
+
+# FIXME: Test the various index usages, -i and -o, test reflog,
+# signoff
+
+test_description='git commit'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_tick
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"initial status" \
+	"echo 'bongo bongo' >file &&
+	 git add file && \
+	 git status | grep 'Initial commit'"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"fail initial amend" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit --amend"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"initial commit" \
+	"git commit -m initial"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"invalid options 1" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit -m foo -m bar -F file"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"invalid options 2" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit -C HEAD -m illegal"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"using paths with -a" \
+	"echo King of the bongo >file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m foo -a file"
+
+test_expect_success PERL \
+	"using paths with --interactive" \
+	"echo bong-o-bong >file &&
+	! (echo 7 | git commit -m foo --interactive file)"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"using invalid commit with -C" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit -C bogus"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"testing nothing to commit" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit -m initial"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"next commit" \
+	"echo 'bongo bongo bongo' >file \
+	 git commit -m next -a"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"commit message from non-existing file" \
+	"echo 'more bongo: bongo bongo bongo bongo' >file && \
+	 test_must_fail git commit -F gah -a"
+
+# Empty except stray tabs and spaces on a few lines.
+sed -e 's/@$//' >msg <<EOF
+		@
+
+  @
+Signed-off-by: hula
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	"empty commit message" \
+	"test_must_fail git commit -F msg -a"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"commit message from file" \
+	"echo 'this is the commit message, coming from a file' >msg && \
+	 git commit -F msg -a"
+
+cat >editor <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+sed -e "s/a file/an amend commit/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
+mv "$1-" "$1"
+EOF
+chmod 755 editor
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"amend commit" \
+	"VISUAL=./editor git commit --amend"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"passing -m and -F" \
+	"echo 'enough with the bongos' >file && \
+	 test_must_fail git commit -F msg -m amending ."
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"using message from other commit" \
+	"git commit -C HEAD^ ."
+
+cat >editor <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+sed -e "s/amend/older/g"  < "$1" > "$1-"
+mv "$1-" "$1"
+EOF
+chmod 755 editor
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"editing message from other commit" \
+	"echo 'hula hula' >file && \
+	 VISUAL=./editor git commit -c HEAD^ -a"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"message from stdin" \
+	"echo 'silly new contents' >file && \
+	 echo commit message from stdin | git commit -F - -a"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"overriding author from command line" \
+	"echo 'gak' >file && \
+	 git commit -m 'author' --author 'Rubber Duck <rduck@convoy.org>' -a"
+
+test_expect_success PERL \
+	"interactive add" \
+	"echo 7 | git commit --interactive | grep 'What now'"
+
+test_expect_success \
+	"showing committed revisions" \
+	"git rev-list HEAD >current"
+
+cat >editor <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+sed -e "s/good/bad/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
+mv "$1-" "$1"
+EOF
+chmod 755 editor
+
+cat >msg <<EOF
+A good commit message.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'editor not invoked if -F is given' '
+	 echo "moo" >file &&
+	 VISUAL=./editor git commit -a -F msg &&
+	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good &&
+	 echo "quack" >file &&
+	 echo "Another good message." | VISUAL=./editor git commit -a -F - &&
+	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good
+	 '
+# We could just check the head sha1, but checking each commit makes it
+# easier to isolate bugs.
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+72c0dc9855b0c9dadcbfd5a31cab072e0cb774ca
+9b88fc14ce6b32e3d9ee021531a54f18a5cf38a2
+3536bbb352c3a1ef9a420f5b4242d48578b92aa7
+d381ac431806e53f3dd7ac2f1ae0534f36d738b9
+4fd44095ad6334f3ef72e4c5ec8ddf108174b54a
+402702b49136e7587daa9280e91e4bb7cb2179f7
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'validate git rev-list output.' \
+    'test_cmp expected current'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial commit that involves removal (1)' '
+
+	git rm --cached file &&
+	mv file elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	git commit -m "Partial: add elif" elif &&
+	git diff-tree --name-status HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
+	echo "A	elif" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial commit that involves removal (2)' '
+
+	git commit -m "Partial: remove file" file &&
+	git diff-tree --name-status HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
+	echo "D	file" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial commit that involves removal (3)' '
+
+	git rm --cached elif &&
+	echo elif >elif &&
+	git commit -m "Partial: modify elif" elif &&
+	git diff-tree --name-status HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
+	echo "M	elif" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+author="The Real Author <someguy@his.email.org>"
+test_expect_success 'amend commit to fix author' '
+
+	oldtick=$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |
+	sed -e "s/author.*/author $author $oldtick/" \
+		-e "s/^\(committer.*> \).*$/\1$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE/" > \
+		expected &&
+	git commit --amend --author="$author" &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD > current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sign off (1)' '
+
+	echo 1 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	git commit -s -m "thank you" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	(
+		echo thank you
+		echo
+		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
+		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sign off (2)' '
+
+	echo 2 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	existing="Signed-off-by: Watch This <watchthis@example.com>" &&
+	git commit -s -m "thank you
+
+$existing" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	(
+		echo thank you
+		echo
+		echo $existing
+		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
+		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
+
+	>negative &&
+	git add negative &&
+	git commit -m "one" -m "two" -m "three" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	(
+		echo one
+		echo
+		echo two
+		echo
+		echo three
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+author="The Real Author <someguy@his.email.org>"
+test_expect_success 'amend commit to fix author' '
+
+	oldtick=$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |
+	sed -e "s/author.*/author $author $oldtick/" \
+		-e "s/^\(committer.*> \).*$/\1$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE/" > \
+		expected &&
+	git commit --amend --author="$author" &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD > current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git commit <file> with dirty index' '
+	echo tacocat > elif &&
+	echo tehlulz > chz &&
+	git add chz &&
+	git commit elif -m "tacocat is a palindrome" &&
+	git show --stat | grep elif &&
+	git diff --cached | grep chz
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'same tree (single parent)' '
+
+	git reset --hard
+
+	if git commit -m empty
+	then
+		echo oops -- should have complained
+		false
+	else
+		: happy
+	fi
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'same tree (single parent) --allow-empty' '
+
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "forced empty" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep forced
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'same tree (merge and amend merge)' '
+
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	echo zero >zero &&
+	git add zero &&
+	git commit -m "add zero" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git merge -s ours side -m "empty ok" &&
+	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+	: >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git commit --amend -m "empty really ok" &&
+	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+	: >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'amend using the message from another commit' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "old commit" &&
+	old=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "new commit" &&
+	new=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty --amend -C "$old" &&
+	git show --pretty="format:%ad %s" "$old" >expected &&
+	git show --pretty="format:%ad %s" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'amend using the message from a commit named with tag' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "old commit" &&
+	old=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag on old" tagged-old HEAD &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "new commit" &&
+	new=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty --amend -C tagged-old &&
+	git show --pretty="format:%ad %s" "$old" >expected &&
+	git show --pretty="format:%ad %s" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..56cd866019
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git commit porcelain-ish'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'the basics' '
+
+	echo doing partial >"commit is" &&
+	mkdir not &&
+	echo very much encouraged but we should >not/forbid &&
+	git add "commit is" not &&
+	echo update added "commit is" file >"commit is" &&
+	echo also update another >not/forbid &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "initial with -a" &&
+
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:"commit is" >current.1 &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:not/forbid >current.2 &&
+
+	cmp current.1 "commit is" &&
+	cmp current.2 not/forbid
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial' '
+
+	echo another >"commit is" &&
+	echo another >not/forbid &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "partial commit to handle a file" "commit is" &&
+
+	changed=$(git diff-tree --name-only HEAD^ HEAD) &&
+	test "$changed" = "commit is"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial modification in a subdirecotry' '
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "partial commit to subdirectory" not &&
+
+	changed=$(git diff-tree -r --name-only HEAD^ HEAD) &&
+	test "$changed" = "not/forbid"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial removal' '
+
+	git rm not/forbid &&
+	git commit -m "partial commit to remove not/forbid" not &&
+
+	changed=$(git diff-tree -r --name-only HEAD^ HEAD) &&
+	test "$changed" = "not/forbid" &&
+	remain=$(git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD) &&
+	test "$remain" = "commit is"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sign off' '
+
+	>positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	git commit -s -m "thank you" &&
+	actual=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/Signed-off-by: //p") &&
+	expected=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e "s/>.*/>/") &&
+	test "z$actual" = "z$expected"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
+
+	>negative &&
+	git add negative &&
+	git commit -m "one" -m "two" -m "three" &&
+	actual=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d") &&
+	expected=$(echo one; echo; echo two; echo; echo three) &&
+	test "z$actual" = "z$expected"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose' '
+
+	echo minus >negative &&
+	git add negative &&
+	git status -v | sed -ne "/^diff --git /p" >actual &&
+	echo "diff --git a/negative b/negative" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose respects diff config' '
+
+	git config color.diff always &&
+	git status -v >actual &&
+	grep "\[1mdiff --git" actual &&
+	git config --unset color.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-t)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >expect &&
+	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -t expect -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d" |head -n 3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-F)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -F expect -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-m)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -m "$(cat expect)" -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace,-F)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >text &&
+	echo "# text" >expect &&
+	git commit --cleanup=whitespace -F text -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	{ echo;echo "# text";echo sample;echo; } >text &&
+	echo sample >expect &&
+	git commit --cleanup=strip -F text -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+echo "sample
+
+# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
+# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit." >expect
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e)' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	{ echo;echo sample;echo; } >text &&
+	git commit -e -F text -a &&
+	head -n 4 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+echo "#
+# Author:    $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL>
+#" >> expect
+
+test_expect_success 'author different from committer' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	git commit -e -m "sample"
+	head -n 7 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+mv expect expect.tmp
+sed '$d' < expect.tmp > expect
+rm -f expect.tmp
+echo "# Committer:
+#" >> expect
+
+test_expect_success 'committer is automatic' '
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	(
+		unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
+		unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
+		# must fail because there is no change
+		test_must_fail git commit -e -m "sample"
+	) &&
+	head -n 8 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG |	\
+	sed "s/^# Committer: .*/# Committer:/" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+pwd=`pwd`
+cat >> .git/FAKE_EDITOR << EOF
+#! /bin/sh
+echo editor started > "$pwd/.git/result"
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x .git/FAKE_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success 'do not fire editor in the presence of conflicts' '
+
+	git clean -f &&
+	echo f >g &&
+	git add g &&
+	git commit -m "add g" &&
+	git branch second &&
+	echo master >g &&
+	echo g >h &&
+	git add g h &&
+	git commit -m "modify g and add h" &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	echo second >g &&
+	git add g &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	# Must fail due to conflict
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -n master &&
+	echo "editor not started" >.git/result &&
+	(
+		GIT_EDITOR="$(pwd)/.git/FAKE_EDITOR" &&
+		export GIT_EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit
+	) &&
+	test "$(cat .git/result)" = "editor not started"
+'
+
+pwd=`pwd`
+cat >.git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
+#! $SHELL_PATH
+# kill -TERM command added below.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success EXECKEEPSPID 'a SIGTERM should break locks' '
+	echo >>negative &&
+	! "$SHELL_PATH" -c '\''
+	  echo kill -TERM $$ >> .git/FAKE_EDITOR
+	  GIT_EDITOR=.git/FAKE_EDITOR
+	  export GIT_EDITOR
+	  exec git commit -a'\'' &&
+	test ! -f .git/index.lock
+'
+
+rm -f .git/MERGE_MSG .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+git reset -q --hard
+
+test_expect_success 'Hand committing of a redundant merge removes dups' '
+
+	git rev-parse second master >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge second master &&
+	git checkout master g &&
+	EDITOR=: git commit -a &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^$/q" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8528f64c8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pre-commit hook'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'with no hook' '
+
+	echo "foo" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "first"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with no hook' '
+
+	echo "bar" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "bar"
+
+'
+
+# now install hook that always succeeds
+HOOKDIR="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks"
+HOOK="$HOOKDIR/pre-commit"
+mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
+cat > "$HOOK" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x "$HOOK"
+
+test_expect_success 'with succeeding hook' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "more"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with succeeding hook' '
+
+	echo "even more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "even more"
+
+'
+
+# now a hook that fails
+cat > "$HOOK" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
+
+	echo "another" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m "another"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook' '
+
+	echo "stuff" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "stuff"
+
+'
+
+chmod -x "$HOOK"
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook' '
+
+	echo "content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "content"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
+
+	echo "more content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "more content"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1f53ea8090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='commit-msg hook'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'with no hook' '
+
+	echo "foo" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "first"
+
+'
+
+# set up fake editor for interactive editing
+cat > fake-editor <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+cp FAKE_MSG "$1"
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x fake-editor
+
+## Not using test_set_editor here so we can easily ensure the editor variable
+## is only set for the editor tests
+FAKE_EDITOR="$(pwd)/fake-editor"
+export FAKE_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success 'with no hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more foo" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more foo" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with no hook' '
+
+	echo "bar" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "bar"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with no hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more bar" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more bar" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify
+
+'
+
+# now install hook that always succeeds
+HOOKDIR="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks"
+HOOK="$HOOKDIR/commit-msg"
+mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
+cat > "$HOOK" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x "$HOOK"
+
+test_expect_success 'with succeeding hook' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "more"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with succeeding hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more more" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with succeeding hook' '
+
+	echo "even more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "even more"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with succeeding hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "even more more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "even more more" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify
+
+'
+
+# now a hook that fails
+cat > "$HOOK" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
+
+	echo "another" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m "another"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more another" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more another" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	! (GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook' '
+
+	echo "stuff" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "stuff"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more stuff" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more stuff" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify
+
+'
+
+chmod -x "$HOOK"
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook' '
+
+	echo "content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "content"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "content again" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "content again" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -m "content again"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
+
+	echo "more content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "more content"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "even more content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "even more content" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify
+
+'
+
+# now a hook that edits the commit message
+cat > "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "new message" > "$1"
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x "$HOOK"
+
+commit_msg_is () {
+	test "`git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1`" = "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'hook edits commit message' '
+
+	echo "additional" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "additional" &&
+	commit_msg_is "new message"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hook edits commit message (editor)' '
+
+	echo "additional content" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "additional content" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit &&
+	commit_msg_is "new message"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "hook doesn't edit commit message" '
+
+	echo "plus" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "plus" &&
+	commit_msg_is "plus"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "hook doesn't edit commit message (editor)" '
+
+	echo "more plus" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	echo "more plus" > FAKE_MSG &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify &&
+	commit_msg_is "more plus"
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ff189624d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='prepare-commit-msg hook'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'with no hook' '
+
+	echo "foo" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "first"
+
+'
+
+# set up fake editor for interactive editing
+cat > fake-editor <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x fake-editor
+
+## Not using test_set_editor here so we can easily ensure the editor variable
+## is only set for the editor tests
+FAKE_EDITOR="$(pwd)/fake-editor"
+export FAKE_EDITOR
+
+# now install hook that always succeeds and adds a message
+HOOKDIR="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks"
+HOOK="$HOOKDIR/prepare-commit-msg"
+mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" > "$HOOK"
+cat >> "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
+
+if test "$2" = commit; then
+  source=$(git rev-parse "$3")
+else
+  source=${2-default}
+fi
+if test "$GIT_EDITOR" = :; then
+  sed -e "1s/.*/$source (no editor)/" "$1" > msg.tmp
+else
+  sed -e "1s/.*/$source/" "$1" > msg.tmp
+fi
+mv msg.tmp "$1"
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x "$HOOK"
+
+echo dummy template > "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/template"
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-m)' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "more" &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "message (no editor)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-m editor)' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -e -m "more more" &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = message
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-t)' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -t "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/template" &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = template
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-F)' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(echo more | git commit -F -) &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "message (no editor)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-F editor)' '
+
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(echo more more | GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -e -F -) &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = message
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-C)' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -C $head &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head (no editor)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (editor)' '
+
+	echo "more more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = default
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (--amend)' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --amend &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (-c)' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -c $head &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head"
+
+'
+
+cat > "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	! GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -c $head
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook (--no-verify)' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	! GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify -c $head
+
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d9a08aac56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status for submodule'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_create_repo sub
+	cd sub &&
+	: >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m " Add bar" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git add sub &&
+	git commit -m "Add submodule sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status clean' '
+	git status |
+	grep "nothing to commit"
+'
+test_expect_success 'status -a clean' '
+	git status -a |
+	grep "nothing to commit"
+'
+test_expect_success 'rm submodule contents' '
+	rm -rf sub/* sub/.git
+'
+test_expect_success 'status clean (empty submodule dir)' '
+	git status |
+	grep "nothing to commit"
+'
+test_expect_success 'status -a clean (empty submodule dir)' '
+	git status -a |
+	grep "nothing to commit"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh b/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..da5bd3b5a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='verbose commit template'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >check-for-diff <<EOF
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+exec grep '^diff --git' "\$1"
+EOF
+chmod +x check-for-diff
+test_set_editor "$PWD/check-for-diff"
+
+cat >message <<'EOF'
+subject
+
+body
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'initial commit shows verbose diff' '
+	git commit --amend -v
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'second commit' '
+	echo content modified >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F message
+'
+
+check_message() {
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%s%n%n%b >actual &&
+	test_cmp "$1" actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose diff is stripped out' '
+	git commit --amend -v &&
+	check_message message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose diff is stripped out (mnemonicprefix)' '
+	git config diff.mnemonicprefix true &&
+	git commit --amend -v &&
+	check_message message
+'
+
+cat >diff <<'EOF'
+This is an example commit message that contains a diff.
+
+diff --git c/file i/file
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..f95c11d
+--- /dev/null
++++ i/file
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++this is some content
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'diff in message is retained without -v' '
+	git commit --amend -F diff &&
+	check_message diff
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'diff in message is retained with -v' '
+	git commit --amend -F diff -v &&
+	check_message diff
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7508-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..93f875f500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='git status'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	: > tracked &&
+	: > modified &&
+	mkdir dir1 &&
+	: > dir1/tracked &&
+	: > dir1/modified &&
+	mkdir dir2 &&
+	: > dir1/tracked &&
+	: > dir1/modified &&
+	git add . &&
+
+	git status >output &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	: > untracked &&
+	: > dir1/untracked &&
+	: > dir2/untracked &&
+	echo 1 > dir1/modified &&
+	echo 2 > dir2/modified &&
+	echo 3 > dir2/added &&
+	git add dir2/added
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status (1)' '
+
+	grep "use \"git rm --cached <file>\.\.\.\" to unstage" output
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << \EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status (2)' '
+
+	git status > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status -uno' '
+	mkdir dir3 &&
+	: > dir3/untracked1 &&
+	: > dir3/untracked2 &&
+	git status -uno >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles no)' '
+	git config status.showuntrackedfiles no
+	git status >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	dir3/
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status -unormal' '
+	git status -unormal >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles normal)' '
+	git config status.showuntrackedfiles normal
+	git status >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	dir3/untracked1
+#	dir3/untracked2
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status -uall' '
+	git status -uall >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles all)' '
+	git config status.showuntrackedfiles all
+	git status >output &&
+	rm -rf dir3 &&
+	git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << \EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   ../dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	untracked
+#	../dir2/modified
+#	../dir2/untracked
+#	../expect
+#	../output
+#	../untracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status with relative paths' '
+
+	(cd dir1 && git status) > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << \EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status without relative paths' '
+
+	git config status.relativePaths false
+	(cd dir1 && git status) > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+cat <<EOF >expect
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status of partial commit excluding new file in index' '
+	git status dir1/modified >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup status submodule summary' '
+	test_create_repo sm && (
+		cd sm &&
+		>foo &&
+		git add foo &&
+		git commit -m "Add foo"
+	) &&
+	git add sm
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#	new file:   sm
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status submodule summary is disabled by default' '
+	git status >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+# we expect the same as the previous test
+test_expect_success 'status --untracked-files=all does not show submodule' '
+	git status --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+head=$(cd sm && git rev-parse --short=7 --verify HEAD)
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#	new file:   sm
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Modified submodules:
+#
+# * sm 0000000...$head (1):
+#   > Add foo
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status submodule summary' '
+	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status submodule summary (clean submodule)' '
+	git commit -m "commit submodule" &&
+	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
+	test_must_fail git status >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD^1 <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#	new file:   sm
+#
+# Changed but not updated:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Modified submodules:
+#
+# * sm 0000000...$head (1):
+#   > Add foo
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked
+#	dir2/modified
+#	dir2/untracked
+#	expect
+#	output
+#	untracked
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'status submodule summary (--amend)' '
+	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
+	git status --amend >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e5b210bc96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,563 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
+#
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing basic merge operations/option parsing.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >file <<EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+EOF
+
+cat >file.1 <<EOF
+1 X
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+EOF
+
+cat >file.5 <<EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5 X
+6
+7
+8
+9
+EOF
+
+cat >file.9 <<EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9 X
+EOF
+
+cat  >result.1 <<EOF
+1 X
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+EOF
+
+cat >result.1-5 <<EOF
+1 X
+2
+3
+4
+5 X
+6
+7
+8
+9
+EOF
+
+cat >result.1-5-9 <<EOF
+1 X
+2
+3
+4
+5 X
+6
+7
+8
+9 X
+EOF
+
+create_merge_msgs() {
+	echo "Merge commit 'c2'" >msg.1-5 &&
+	echo "Merge commit 'c2'; commit 'c3'" >msg.1-5-9 &&
+	echo "Squashed commit of the following:" >squash.1 &&
+	echo >>squash.1 &&
+	git log --no-merges ^HEAD c1 >>squash.1 &&
+	echo "Squashed commit of the following:" >squash.1-5 &&
+	echo >>squash.1-5 &&
+	git log --no-merges ^HEAD c2 >>squash.1-5 &&
+	echo "Squashed commit of the following:" >squash.1-5-9 &&
+	echo >>squash.1-5-9 &&
+	git log --no-merges ^HEAD c2 c3 >>squash.1-5-9 &&
+	echo > msg.nolog &&
+	echo "* commit 'c3':" >msg.log &&
+	echo "  commit 3" >>msg.log &&
+	echo >>msg.log
+}
+
+verify_diff() {
+	if ! test_cmp "$1" "$2"
+	then
+		echo "$3"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+verify_merge() {
+	verify_diff "$2" "$1" "[OOPS] bad merge result" &&
+	if test $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) -gt 0
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] unmerged files"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	if test_must_fail git diff --exit-code
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] working tree != index"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	if test -n "$3"
+	then
+		git show -s --pretty=format:%s HEAD >msg.act &&
+		verify_diff "$3" msg.act "[OOPS] bad merge message"
+	fi
+}
+
+verify_head() {
+	if test "$1" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] HEAD != $1"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+verify_parents() {
+	i=1
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		if test "$1" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD^$i)"
+		then
+			echo "[OOPS] HEAD^$i != $1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+		i=$(expr $i + 1)
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+verify_mergeheads() {
+	i=1
+	if ! test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] MERGE_HEAD is missing"
+		false
+	fi &&
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		head=$(head -n $i .git/MERGE_HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+		if test "$1" != "$head"
+		then
+			echo "[OOPS] MERGE_HEAD $i != $1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+		i=$(expr $i + 1)
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+verify_no_mergehead() {
+	if test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] MERGE_HEAD exists"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "commit 0" &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	c0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	cp file.1 file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "commit 1" &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	c1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git reset --hard "$c0" &&
+	cp file.5 file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "commit 2" &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	c2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git reset --hard "$c0" &&
+	cp file.9 file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "commit 3" &&
+	git tag c3 &&
+	c3=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	git reset --hard "$c0" &&
+	create_merge_msgs
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'test option parsing' '
+	test_must_fail git merge -$ c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-such c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s foobar c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s=foobar c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -m &&
+	test_must_fail git merge
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject non-strategy with a git-merge-foo name' '
+	test_must_fail git merge -s index c1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head "$c1"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge c2 c3 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5-9 msg.1-5-9 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2 $c3
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (no-commit)' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --no-commit c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head $c1
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (no-commit)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge --no-commit c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_mergeheads $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3 (no-commit)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge --no-commit c2 c3 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5-9 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_mergeheads $c2 $c3
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (squash)' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --squash c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head $c0 &&
+	verify_no_mergehead &&
+	verify_diff squash.1 .git/SQUASH_MSG "[OOPS] bad squash message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge --squash c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_no_mergehead &&
+	verify_diff squash.1-5 .git/SQUASH_MSG "[OOPS] bad squash message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3 (squash)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge --squash c2 c3 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5-9 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_no_mergehead &&
+	verify_diff squash.1-5-9 .git/SQUASH_MSG "[OOPS] bad squash message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (no-commit in config)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_mergeheads $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash in config)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+	verify_head $c1 &&
+	verify_no_mergehead &&
+	verify_diff squash.1-5 .git/SQUASH_MSG "[OOPS] bad squash message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'override config option -n with --summary' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --summary c2 >diffstat.txt &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2 &&
+	if ! grep "^ file |  *2 +-$" diffstat.txt
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] diffstat was not generated with --summary"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'override config option -n with --stat' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --stat c2 >diffstat.txt &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2 &&
+	if ! grep "^ file |  *2 +-$" diffstat.txt
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] diffstat was not generated with --stat"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'override config option --stat' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--stat" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -n c2 >diffstat.txt &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2 &&
+	if grep "^ file |  *2 +-$" diffstat.txt
+	then
+		echo "[OOPS] diffstat was generated"
+		false
+	fi
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (override --no-commit)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --commit c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (override --squash)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --no-squash c2 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
+	verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (no-ff)' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --no-ff c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'combining --squash and --no-ff is refused' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --squash --no-ff c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-ff --squash c1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (ff overrides no-ff)' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
+	git merge --ff c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head $c1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge log message' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --no-log c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
+	verify_diff msg.nolog msg.act "[OOPS] bad merge log message" &&
+
+	git merge --log c3 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
+	verify_diff msg.log msg.act "[OOPS] bad merge log message" &&
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git config merge.log yes &&
+	git merge c3 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
+	verify_diff msg.log msg.act "[OOPS] bad merge log message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c0, c2, c0, and c1' '
+       git reset --hard c1 &&
+       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
+       test_tick &&
+       git merge c0 c2 c0 c1 &&
+       verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+       verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c0, c2, c0, and c1' '
+       git reset --hard c1 &&
+       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
+       test_tick &&
+       git merge c0 c2 c0 c1 &&
+       verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+       verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c1 and c2' '
+       git reset --hard c1 &&
+       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
+       test_tick &&
+       git merge c1 c2 &&
+       verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
+       verify_parents $c1 $c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge fast-forward in a dirty tree' '
+       git reset --hard c0 &&
+       mv file file1 &&
+       cat file1 >file &&
+       rm -f file1 &&
+       git merge c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-index merge' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --no-ff -s resolve c1 > out &&
+	grep "Wonderful." out &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'refresh the index before merging' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	sleep 1 &&
+	touch file &&
+	git merge c3
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+Merge branch 'c5' (early part)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge early part of c2' '
+	git reset --hard c3 &&
+	echo c4 > c4.c &&
+	git add c4.c &&
+	git commit -m c4 &&
+	git tag c4 &&
+	echo c5 > c5.c &&
+	git add c5.c &&
+	git commit -m c5 &&
+	git tag c5 &&
+	git reset --hard c3 &&
+	echo c6 > c6.c &&
+	git add c6.c &&
+	git commit -m c6 &&
+	git tag c6 &&
+	git merge c5~1 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%s HEAD > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge --no-ff --no-commit && commit' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --no-ff --no-commit c1 &&
+	EDITOR=: git commit &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_expect_success 'amending no-ff merge commit' '
+	EDITOR=: git commit --amend &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7ba94ea99b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing pull.* configuration parsing.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 >c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 >c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 >c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c3 >c3.c &&
+	git add c3.c &&
+	git commit -m c3 &&
+	git tag c3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test ! -f c2.c &&
+	test ! -f c3.c &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (ours in pull.twohead)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config pull.twohead ours &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	! test -f c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3 (recursive in pull.octopus)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config pull.octopus "recursive" &&
+	test_must_fail git merge c2 c3 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3 (recursive and octopus in pull.octopus)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git config pull.octopus "recursive octopus" &&
+	git merge c2 c3 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c3)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^3)" &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c &&
+	test -f c3.c
+'
+
+conflict_count()
+{
+	{
+		git diff-files --name-only
+		git ls-files --unmerged
+	} | wc -l
+}
+
+# c4 - c5
+#    \ c6
+#
+# There are two conflicts here:
+#
+# 1) Because foo.c is renamed to bar.c, recursive will handle this,
+# resolve won't.
+#
+# 2) One in conflict.c and that will always fail.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup conflicted merge' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo A >conflict.c &&
+	git add conflict.c &&
+	echo contents >foo.c &&
+	git add foo.c &&
+	git commit -m c4 &&
+	git tag c4 &&
+	echo B >conflict.c &&
+	git add conflict.c &&
+	git mv foo.c bar.c &&
+	git commit -m c5 &&
+	git tag c5 &&
+	git reset --hard c4 &&
+	echo C >conflict.c &&
+	git add conflict.c &&
+	echo secondline >> foo.c &&
+	git add foo.c &&
+	git commit -m c6 &&
+	git tag c6
+'
+
+# First do the merge with resolve and recursive then verify that
+# recusive is choosen.
+
+test_expect_success 'merge picks up the best result' '
+	git config --unset-all pull.twohead &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge -s resolve c6
+	resolve_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge -s recursive c6
+	recursive_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge -s recursive -s resolve c6
+	auto_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	test $auto_count = $recursive_count &&
+	test $auto_count != $resolve_count
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge picks up the best result (from config)' '
+	git config pull.twohead "recursive resolve" &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge -s resolve c6
+	resolve_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge -s recursive c6
+	recursive_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge c6
+	auto_count=$(conflict_count) &&
+	test $auto_count = $recursive_count &&
+	test $auto_count != $resolve_count
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge errors out on invalid strategy' '
+	git config pull.twohead "foobar" &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge c6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge errors out on invalid strategy' '
+	git config --unset-all pull.twohead &&
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s "resolve recursive" c6
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..01e5415e94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing octopus merge with more than 25 refs.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	i=1 &&
+	while test $i -le 30
+	do
+		git reset --hard c0 &&
+		echo c$i > c$i.c &&
+		git add c$i.c &&
+		git commit -m c$i &&
+		git tag c$i &&
+		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2, c3, c4, ... c29' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	i=2 &&
+	refs="" &&
+	while test $i -le 30
+	do
+		refs="$refs c$i"
+		i=`expr $i + 1`
+	done
+	git merge $refs &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	i=1 &&
+	while test $i -le 30
+	do
+		test "$(git rev-parse c$i)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^$i)" &&
+		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+	done &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	i=1 &&
+	while test $i -le 30
+	do
+		test -f c$i.c &&
+		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+	done
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh b/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7e17eb490d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing octopus merge when reducing parents to independent branches.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# 0 - 1
+#   \ 2
+#   \ 3
+#   \ 4 - 5
+#
+# So 1, 2, 3 and 5 should be kept, 4 should be avoided.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c3 > c3.c &&
+	git add c3.c &&
+	git commit -m c3 &&
+	git tag c3 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c4 > c4.c &&
+	git add c4.c &&
+	git commit -m c4 &&
+	git tag c4 &&
+	echo c5 > c5.c &&
+	git add c5.c &&
+	git commit -m c5 &&
+	git tag c5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2, c3, c4, c5' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge c2 c3 c4 c5 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c3)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^3)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c5)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^4)" &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c &&
+	test -f c3.c &&
+	test -f c4.c &&
+	test -f c5.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	for i in A B C D E
+	do
+		echo $i > $i.c &&
+		git add $i.c &&
+		git commit -m $i &&
+		git tag $i
+	done &&
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	for i in F G H I
+	do
+		echo $i > $i.c &&
+		git add $i.c &&
+		git commit -m $i &&
+		git tag $i
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge E and I' '
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	git merge E I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge result' '
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^1) = $(git rev-parse E) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse I)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard E &&
+	echo foo > file.c &&
+	git add file.c &&
+	git commit -m E2 &&
+	git tag E2 &&
+	git reset --hard I &&
+	echo bar >file.c &&
+	git add file.c &&
+	git commit -m I2 &&
+	git tag I2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge E2 and I2, causing a conflict and resolve it' '
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	test_must_fail git merge E2 I2 &&
+	echo baz > file.c &&
+	git add file.c &&
+	git commit -m "resolve conflict"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge result' '
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^1) = $(git rev-parse E2) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse I2)
+'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..de977c5e2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing merge when using a custom message for the merge commit.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+custom message
+
+Merge commit 'c2'
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'merge c2 with a custom message' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge -m "custom message" c2 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh b/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0cb9d11f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing the resolve strategy.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c3 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c3 &&
+	git tag c3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 to c2' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge -s resolve c2 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c &&
+	test 3 = $(git ls-tree -r HEAD | wc -l) &&
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c2 to c3 (fails)' '
+	git reset --hard c2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve c3
+'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7606-merge-custom.sh b/t/t7606-merge-custom.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..52a451dd57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7606-merge-custom.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge
+
+Testing a custom strategy.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >git-merge-theirs <<EOF
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+eval git read-tree --reset -u \\\$\$#
+EOF
+chmod +x git-merge-theirs
+PATH=.:$PATH
+export PATH
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 >c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 >c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c1c1 >c1.c &&
+	echo c2 >c2.c &&
+	git add c1.c c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c2 with a custom strategy' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge -s theirs c2 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2^{tree})" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree})" &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	git diff --exit-code c2 HEAD &&
+	git diff --exit-code c2 &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	grep c1c1 c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..49f4e1599a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-merge
+
+Do not overwrite changes.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	echo "c1 a" > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "c1 a" &&
+	git tag c1a &&
+	echo "VERY IMPORTANT CHANGES" > important
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite new file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite staged changes' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	rm c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	git checkout c2.c &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite re-added file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file with staged changes' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	rm c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	git checkout c1.c &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e768c3eb2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Charles Bailey
+#
+
+test_description='git mergetool
+
+Testing basic merge tool invocation'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# All the mergetool test work by checking out a temporary branch based
+# off 'branch1' and then merging in master and checking the results of
+# running mergetool
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+    echo master >file1 &&
+    mkdir subdir &&
+    echo master sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 subdir/file3 &&
+    git commit -m "added file1" &&
+
+    git checkout -b branch1 master &&
+    echo branch1 change >file1 &&
+    echo branch1 newfile >file2 &&
+    echo branch1 sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
+
+    git checkout master &&
+    echo master updated >file1 &&
+    echo master new >file2 &&
+    echo master new sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    git commit -m "master updates" &&
+
+    git config merge.tool mytool &&
+    git config mergetool.mytool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
+    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
+    git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(cat file1)" = "master updated" &&
+    test "$(cat file2)" = "master new" &&
+    test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
+    git config core.autocrlf true &&
+    git checkout -b test2 branch1
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file1 -)" = "$(printf "master updated\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file2 -)" = "$(printf "master new\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat subdir/file3 -)" = "$(printf "master new sub\r\nx")" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf" &&
+    git config core.autocrlf false &&
+    git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
+    git checkout -b test3 branch1
+    cd subdir && (
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(cat file3)" = "master new sub" )
+'
+
+# We can't merge files from parent directories when running mergetool
+# from a subdir. Is this a bug?
+#
+#test_expect_failure 'mergetool in subdir' '
+#    cd subdir && (
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
+#    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - subdir" )
+#'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f4aa054750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git repack works correctly'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'objects in packs marked .keep are not repacked' '
+	echo content1 > file1 &&
+	echo content2 > file2 &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m initial_commit &&
+	# Create two packs
+	# The first pack will contain all of the objects except one
+	git rev-list --objects --all | grep -v file2 |
+		git pack-objects pack > /dev/null &&
+	# The second pack will contain the excluded object
+	packsha1=$(git rev-list --objects --all | grep file2 |
+		git pack-objects pack) &&
+	touch -r pack-$packsha1.pack pack-$packsha1.keep &&
+	objsha1=$(git verify-pack -v pack-$packsha1.idx | head -n 1 |
+		sed -e "s/^\([0-9a-f]\{40\}\).*/\1/") &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	git repack -A -d -l &&
+	git prune-packed &&
+	for p in .git/objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		idx=$(basename $p)
+		test "pack-$packsha1.idx" = "$idx" && continue
+		if git verify-pack -v $p | egrep "^$objsha1"; then
+			found_duplicate_object=1
+			echo "DUPLICATE OBJECT FOUND"
+			break
+		fi
+	done &&
+	test -z "$found_duplicate_object"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'loose objects in alternate ODB are not repacked' '
+	mkdir alt_objects &&
+	echo `pwd`/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo content3 > file3 &&
+	objsha1=$(GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=alt_objects git hash-object -w file3) &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	git commit -m commit_file3 &&
+	git repack -a -d -l &&
+	git prune-packed &&
+	for p in .git/objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		if git verify-pack -v $p | egrep "^$objsha1"; then
+			found_duplicate_object=1
+			echo "DUPLICATE OBJECT FOUND"
+			break
+		fi
+	done &&
+	test -z "$found_duplicate_object"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed obs in alt ODB are repacked even when local repo is packless' '
+	mkdir alt_objects/pack
+	mv .git/objects/pack/* alt_objects/pack &&
+	git repack -a &&
+	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
+	test -f "$myidx" &&
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		git verify-pack -v $p | sed -n -e "/^[0-9a-f]\{40\}/p"
+	done | while read sha1 rest; do
+		if ! ( git verify-pack -v $myidx | grep "^$sha1" ); then
+			echo "Missing object in local pack: $sha1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed obs in alt ODB are repacked when local repo has packs' '
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	echo new_content >> file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m more_content &&
+	git repack &&
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
+	test -f "$myidx" &&
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		git verify-pack -v $p | sed -n -e "/^[0-9a-f]\{40\}/p"
+	done | while read sha1 rest; do
+		if ! ( git verify-pack -v $myidx | grep "^$sha1" ); then
+			echo "Missing object in local pack: $sha1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed obs in alternate ODB kept pack are repacked' '
+	# swap the .keep so the commit object is in the pack with .keep
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.pack
+	do
+		base_name=$(basename $p .pack)
+		if test -f alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		then
+			rm alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		else
+			touch alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		fi
+	done
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
+	test -f "$myidx" &&
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		git verify-pack -v $p | sed -n -e "/^[0-9a-f]\{40\}/p"
+	done | while read sha1 rest; do
+		if ! ( git verify-pack -v $myidx | grep "^$sha1" ); then
+			echo "Missing object in local pack: $sha1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed unreachable obs in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
+	rm -f alt_objects/pack/*.keep &&
+	mv .git/objects/pack/* alt_objects/pack/ &&
+	csha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{commit}) &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	sleep 1 &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --expire-unreachable=now --all &&
+	# The pack-objects call on the next line is equivalent to
+	# git repack -A -d without the call to prune-packed
+	git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog \
+	    --unpack-unreachable </dev/null pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test 0 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		egrep "^$csha1 " | sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	echo > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	test_must_fail git show $csha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local packed unreachable obs that exist in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
+	echo `pwd`/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo "$csha1" | git pack-objects --non-empty --all --reflog pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	# The pack-objects call on the next line is equivalent to
+	# git repack -A -d without the call to prune-packed
+	git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog \
+	    --unpack-unreachable </dev/null pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test 0 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		egrep "^$csha1 " | sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	echo > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	test_must_fail git show $csha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'objects made unreachable by grafts only are kept' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "commit 4" &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	H1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	H2=$(git rev-parse HEAD^^) &&
+	echo "$H0 $H2" > .git/info/grafts &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --expire-unreachable=now --all &&
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	git cat-file -t $H1
+	'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5babdf26e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git repack works correctly'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+fsha1=
+csha1=
+tsha1=
+
+test_expect_success '-A with -d option leaves unreachable objects unpacked' '
+	echo content > file1 &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m initial_commit &&
+	# create a transient branch with unique content
+	git checkout -b transient_branch &&
+	echo more content >> file1 &&
+	# record the objects created in the database for file, commit, tree
+	fsha1=$(git hash-object file1) &&
+	git commit -a -m more_content &&
+	csha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{commit}) &&
+	tsha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo even more content >> file1 &&
+	git commit -a -m even_more_content &&
+	# delete the transient branch
+	git branch -D transient_branch &&
+	# pack the repo
+	git repack -A -d -l &&
+	# verify objects are packed in repository
+	test 3 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		   egrep "^($fsha1|$csha1|$tsha1) " |
+		   sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	git show $fsha1 &&
+	git show $csha1 &&
+	git show $tsha1 &&
+	# now expire the reflog
+	sleep 1 &&
+	git reflog expire --expire-unreachable=now --all &&
+	# and repack
+	git repack -A -d -l &&
+	# verify objects are retained unpacked
+	test 0 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		   egrep "^($fsha1|$csha1|$tsha1) " |
+		   sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	git show $fsha1 &&
+	git show $csha1 &&
+	git show $tsha1
+'
+
+compare_mtimes ()
+{
+	read tref rest &&
+	while read t rest; do
+		test "$tref" = "$t" || break
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success '-A without -d option leaves unreachable objects packed' '
+	fsha1path=$(echo "$fsha1" | sed -e "s|\(..\)|\1/|") &&
+	fsha1path=".git/objects/$fsha1path" &&
+	csha1path=$(echo "$csha1" | sed -e "s|\(..\)|\1/|") &&
+	csha1path=".git/objects/$csha1path" &&
+	tsha1path=$(echo "$tsha1" | sed -e "s|\(..\)|\1/|") &&
+	tsha1path=".git/objects/$tsha1path" &&
+	git branch transient_branch $csha1 &&
+	git repack -a -d -l &&
+	test ! -f "$fsha1path" &&
+	test ! -f "$csha1path" &&
+	test ! -f "$tsha1path" &&
+	test 1 = $(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l) &&
+	packfile=$(ls .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack) &&
+	git branch -D transient_branch &&
+	sleep 1 &&
+	git repack -A -l &&
+	test ! -f "$fsha1path" &&
+	test ! -f "$csha1path" &&
+	test ! -f "$tsha1path" &&
+	git show $fsha1 &&
+	git show $csha1 &&
+	git show $tsha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpacked objects receive timestamp of pack file' '
+	tmppack=".git/objects/pack/tmp_pack" &&
+	ln "$packfile" "$tmppack" &&
+	git repack -A -l -d &&
+	test-chmtime -v +0 "$tmppack" "$fsha1path" "$csha1path" "$tsha1path" \
+		> mtimes &&
+	compare_mtimes < mtimes
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ebdccf9a1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+#
+
+test_description='git-difftool
+
+Testing basic diff tool invocation
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping difftool tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+remove_config_vars()
+{
+	# Unset all config variables used by git-difftool
+	git config --unset diff.tool
+	git config --unset difftool.test-tool.cmd
+	git config --unset difftool.prompt
+	git config --unset merge.tool
+	git config --unset mergetool.test-tool.cmd
+	return 0
+}
+
+restore_test_defaults()
+{
+	# Restores the test defaults used by several tests
+	remove_config_vars
+	unset GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+	unset GIT_MERGE_TOOL
+	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT
+	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT
+	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
+	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd 'cat $LOCAL'
+}
+
+prompt_given()
+{
+	prompt="$1"
+	test "$prompt" = "Hit return to launch 'test-tool': branch"
+}
+
+# Create a file on master and change it on branch
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo master >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "added file" &&
+
+	git checkout -b branch master &&
+	echo branch >file &&
+	git commit -a -m "branch changed file" &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+# Configure a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd and use it
+test_expect_success 'custom commands' '
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$REMOTE" &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "master" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch"
+'
+
+# Ensures that git-difftool ignores bogus --tool values
+test_expect_success 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bogus-tool branch)
+	test "$?" = 1 &&
+	test "$diff" = ""
+'
+
+# Specify the diff tool using $GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
+	git config --unset diff.tool
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test the $GIT_*_TOOL variables and ensure
+# that $GIT_DIFF_TOOL always wins unless --tool is specified
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
+	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+
+	GIT_MERGE_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+	unset GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+
+	GIT_MERGE_TOOL=bogus-tool &&
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=bogus-tool &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=test-tool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt to difftool
+# when $GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT is true
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true &&
+	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# git-difftool supports the difftool.prompt variable.
+# Test that GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT can override difftool.prompt = false
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT=true &&
+	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when difftool.prompt is false
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the -y flag can override difftool.prompt = true
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
+	git config difftool.prompt true &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool -y branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the --prompt flag can override difftool.prompt = false
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the last flag passed on the command-line wins
+test_expect_success 'difftool last flag wins' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --prompt --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --no-prompt --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# git-difftool falls back to git-mergetool config variables
+# so test that behavior here
+test_expect_success 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
+	remove_config_vars
+	git config merge.tool test-tool &&
+	git config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	# set merge.tool to something bogus, diff.tool to test-tool
+	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'difftool.<tool>.path' '
+	git config difftool.tkdiff.path echo &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --tool=tkdiff --no-prompt branch) &&
+	git config --unset difftool.tkdiff.path &&
+	lines=$(echo "$diff" | grep file | wc -l) &&
+	test "$lines" -eq 1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8001-annotate.sh b/t/t8001-annotate.sh
index 3a6490e8f8..45cb60ea4b 100755
--- a/t/t8001-annotate.sh
+++ b/t/t8001-annotate.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-annotate'
+test_description='git annotate'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 PROG='git annotate'
-. ../annotate-tests.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Annotating an old revision works' \
diff --git a/t/t8002-blame.sh b/t/t8002-blame.sh
index 9777393996..597cf0486f 100755
--- a/t/t8002-blame.sh
+++ b/t/t8002-blame.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-blame'
+test_description='git blame'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 PROG='git blame -c'
-. ../annotate-tests.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8003-blame.sh b/t/t8003-blame.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..13c25f1d52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8003-blame.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git blame corner cases'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+pick_fc='s/^[0-9a-f^]* *\([^ ]*\) *(\([^ ]*\) .*/\1-\2/'
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo A A A A A >one &&
+	echo B B B B B >two &&
+	echo C C C C C >tres &&
+	echo ABC >mouse &&
+	git add one two tres mouse &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Initial git commit -m Initial &&
+
+	cat one >uno &&
+	mv two dos &&
+	cat one >>tres &&
+	echo DEF >>mouse
+	git add uno dos tres mouse &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Second git commit -a -m Second &&
+
+	echo GHIJK >>mouse &&
+	git add mouse &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Third git commit -m Third &&
+
+	cat mouse >cow &&
+	git add cow &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Fourth git commit -m Fourth &&
+
+	{
+		echo ABC
+		echo DEF
+		echo XXXX
+		echo GHIJK
+	} >cow &&
+	git add cow &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Fifth git commit -m Fifth
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight copy without -C' '
+
+	git blame uno | grep Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight move without -C' '
+
+	git blame dos | grep Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight copy with -C' '
+
+	git blame -C1 uno | grep Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight move with -C' '
+
+	git blame -C1 dos | grep Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight copy with -C -C' '
+
+	git blame -C -C1 uno | grep Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'straight move with -C -C' '
+
+	git blame -C -C1 dos | grep Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'append without -C' '
+
+	git blame -L2 tres | grep Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'append with -C' '
+
+	git blame -L2 -C1 tres | grep Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'append with -C -C' '
+
+	git blame -L2 -C -C1 tres | grep Second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'append with -C -C -C' '
+
+	git blame -L2 -C -C -C1 tres | grep Initial
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy' '
+
+	git blame -f -C -C1 HEAD^ -- cow | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
+	{
+		echo mouse-Initial
+		echo mouse-Second
+		echo mouse-Third
+	} >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy and more' '
+
+	git blame -f -C -C1 HEAD -- cow | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
+	{
+		echo mouse-Initial
+		echo mouse-Second
+		echo cow-Fifth
+		echo mouse-Third
+	} >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame path that used to be a directory' '
+	mkdir path &&
+	echo A A A A A >path/file &&
+	echo B B B B B >path/elif &&
+	git add path &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "path was a directory" &&
+	rm -fr path &&
+	echo A A A A A >path &&
+	git add path &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "path is a regular file" &&
+	git blame HEAD^.. -- path
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8004-blame.sh b/t/t8004-blame.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ba19ac127e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8004-blame.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Based on a test case submitted by Björn Steinbrink.
+
+test_description='git blame on conflicted files'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup first case' '
+	# Create the old file
+	echo "Old line" > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit --author "Old Line <ol@localhost>" -m file1.a &&
+
+	# Branch
+	git checkout -b foo &&
+
+	# Do an ugly move and change
+	git rm file1 &&
+	echo "New line ..."  > file2 &&
+	echo "... and more" >> file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --author "U Gly <ug@localhost>" -m ugly &&
+
+	# Back to master and change something
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo "
+
+bla" >> file1 &&
+	git commit --author "Old Line <ol@localhost>" -a -m file1.b &&
+
+	# Back to foo and merge master
+	git checkout foo &&
+	if git merge master; then
+		echo needed conflict here
+		exit 1
+	else
+		echo merge failed - resolving automatically
+	fi &&
+	echo "New line ...
+... and more
+
+bla
+Even more" > file2 &&
+	git rm file1 &&
+	git commit --author "M Result <mr@localhost>" -a -m merged &&
+
+	# Back to master and change file1 again
+	git checkout master &&
+	sed s/bla/foo/ <file1 >X &&
+	rm file1 &&
+	mv X file1 &&
+	git commit --author "No Bla <nb@localhost>" -a -m replace &&
+
+	# Try to merge into foo again
+	git checkout foo &&
+	if git merge master; then
+		echo needed conflict here
+		exit 1
+	else
+		echo merge failed - test is setup
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'blame runs on unconflicted file while other file has conflicts' '
+	git blame file2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame runs on conflicted file in stages 1,3' '
+	git blame file1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cb390559f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git blame encoding conversion'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/utf8.txt
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/euc-japan.txt
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/sjis.txt
+
+test_expect_success 'setup the repository' '
+	# Create the file
+	echo "UTF-8 LINE" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --author "$UTF8_NAME <utf8@localhost>" -m "$UTF8_MSG" &&
+
+	echo "EUC-JAPAN LINE" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding eucJP &&
+	git commit --author "$EUC_JAPAN_NAME <euc-japan@localhost>" -m "$EUC_JAPAN_MSG" &&
+
+	echo "SJIS LINE" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding SJIS &&
+	git commit --author "$SJIS_NAME <sjis@localhost>" -m "$SJIS_MSG"
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+author $SJIS_NAME
+summary $SJIS_MSG
+author $SJIS_NAME
+summary $SJIS_MSG
+author $SJIS_NAME
+summary $SJIS_MSG
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'blame respects i18n.commitencoding' '
+	git blame --incremental file | \
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'blame respects i18n.logoutputencoding' '
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding eucJP &&
+	git blame --incremental file | \
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+author $UTF8_NAME
+summary $UTF8_MSG
+author $UTF8_NAME
+summary $UTF8_MSG
+author $UTF8_NAME
+summary $UTF8_MSG
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'blame respects --encoding=UTF-8' '
+	git blame --incremental --encoding=UTF-8 file | \
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+author $SJIS_NAME
+summary $SJIS_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+author $UTF8_NAME
+summary $UTF8_MSG
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'blame respects --encoding=none' '
+	git blame --incremental --encoding=none file | \
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt b/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..288f040c99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+EUC_JAPAN_NAME="»³ÅÄ ÂÀϺ"
+EUC_JAPAN_MSG="¥Ö¥ì¡¼¥à¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¤Ç¤¹¡£"
diff --git a/t/t8005/iso8859-5.txt b/t/t8005/iso8859-5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e4b80c8df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005/iso8859-5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ISO8859_5_NAME="¸ÒÐÝ ¿ÕâàÞÒØç ÁØÔÞàÞÒ"
+ISO8859_5_MSG="ÂÕáâÞÒÞÕ áÞÞÑéÕÝØÕ"
diff --git a/t/t8005/sjis.txt b/t/t8005/sjis.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbdefeaced
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005/sjis.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+SJIS_NAME="ŽR“c ‘¾˜Y"
+SJIS_MSG="ƒuƒŒ�[ƒ€‚̃eƒXƒg‚Å‚·�B"
diff --git a/t/t8005/utf8.txt b/t/t8005/utf8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d00dbea76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005/utf8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+UTF8_NAME="山田 太郎"
+UTF8_MSG="ブレーム�テスト��。"
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index e9ea33c18d..fb606a9f05 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -1,44 +1,718 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git-send-email'
+test_description='git send-email'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git send-email tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 PROG='git send-email'
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
     'echo "1A quick brown fox jumps over the" >file &&
      echo "lazy dog" >>file &&
-     git add file
+     git add file &&
      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="A" git commit -a -m "Initial."'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Setup helper tool' \
-    '(echo "#!/bin/sh"
+    '(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
       echo shift
+      echo output=1
+      echo "while test -f commandline\$output; do output=\$((\$output+1)); done"
       echo for a
       echo do
       echo "  echo \"!\$a!\""
-      echo "done >commandline"
-      echo "cat > msgtxt"
-      ) >fake.sendmail
-     chmod +x ./fake.sendmail
-     git add fake.sendmail
+      echo "done >commandline\$output"
+      echo "cat > msgtxt\$output"
+      ) >fake.sendmail &&
+     chmod +x ./fake.sendmail &&
+     git add fake.sendmail &&
      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="A" git commit -a -m "Second."'
 
+clean_fake_sendmail() {
+	rm -f commandline* msgtxt*
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'Extract patches' '
-    patches=`git format-patch -n HEAD^1`
+    patches=`git format-patch -s --cc="One <one@example.com>" --cc=two@example.com -n HEAD^1`
+'
+
+# Test no confirm early to ensure remaining tests will not hang
+test_no_confirm () {
+	rm -f no_confirm_okay
+	echo n | \
+		GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$@ \
+		$patches > stdout &&
+		test_must_fail grep "Send this email" stdout &&
+		> no_confirm_okay
+}
+
+# Exit immediately to prevent hang if a no-confirm test fails
+check_no_confirm () {
+	test -f no_confirm_okay || {
+		say 'No confirm test failed; skipping remaining tests to prevent hanging'
+		test_done
+	}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with --suppress-cc' '
+	test_no_confirm --suppress-cc=sob
+'
+check_no_confirm
+
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with --confirm=never' '
+	test_no_confirm --confirm=never
 '
+check_no_confirm
+
+# leave sendemail.confirm set to never after this so that none of the
+# remaining tests prompt unintentionally.
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with sendemail.confirm=never' '
+	git config sendemail.confirm never &&
+	test_no_confirm --compose --subject=foo
+'
+check_no_confirm
 
 test_expect_success 'Send patches' '
-     git send-email -from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
+     git send-email --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 !nobody@example.com!
 !author@example.com!
+!one@example.com!
+!two@example.com!
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'Verify commandline' \
-    'diff commandline expected'
+    'test_cmp expected commandline1'
+
+cat >expected-show-all-headers <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<cc@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>,<bcc@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: cc@example.com, A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+In-Reply-To: <unique-message-id@example.com>
+References: <unique-message-id@example.com>
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Show all headers' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--suppress-cc=sob \
+		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+		--to=to@example.com \
+		--cc=cc@example.com \
+		--bcc=bcc@example.com \
+		--in-reply-to="<unique-message-id@example.com>" \
+		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
+		$patches |
+	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
+		>actual-show-all-headers &&
+	test_cmp expected-show-all-headers actual-show-all-headers
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Prompting works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "Example <from@example.com>"
+	 echo "to@example.com"
+	 echo ""
+	) | GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches \
+		2>errors &&
+		grep "^From: Example <from@example.com>$" msgtxt1 &&
+		grep "^To: to@example.com$" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cccmd works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	cp $patches cccmd.patch &&
+	echo cccmd--cccmd@example.com >>cccmd.patch &&
+	{
+	  echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
+	  echo sed -n -e s/^cccmd--//p \"\$1\"
+	} > cccmd-sed &&
+	chmod +x cccmd-sed &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--cc-cmd=./cccmd-sed \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		cccmd.patch \
+		&&
+	grep ^Cc:.*cccmd@example.com msgtxt1
+'
+
+z8=zzzzzzzz
+z64=$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8
+z512=$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64
+test_expect_success 'reject long lines' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	cp $patches longline.patch &&
+	echo $z512$z512 >>longline.patch &&
+	test_must_fail git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches longline.patch \
+		2>errors &&
+	grep longline.patch errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no patch was sent' '
+	! test -e commandline1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Author From: in message body' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches &&
+	sed "1,/^$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Author From: not in message body' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="A <author@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches &&
+	sed "1,/^$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	! grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow long lines with --no-validate' '
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--novalidate \
+		$patches longline.patch \
+		2>errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Invalid In-Reply-To' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--in-reply-to=" " \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches
+		2>errors
+	! grep "^In-Reply-To: < *>" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Valid In-Reply-To when prompting' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "From Example <from@example.com>"
+	 echo "To Example <to@example.com>"
+	 echo ""
+	) | env GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches 2>errors &&
+	! grep "^In-Reply-To: < *>" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup fake editor' '
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "echo fake edit >>\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor
+'
+
+test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor"
+
+test_expect_success '--compose works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+	--compose --subject foo \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	$patches \
+	2>errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'first message is compose text' '
+	grep "^fake edit" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'second message is patch' '
+	grep "Subject:.*Second" msgtxt2
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<cc@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: cc@example.com, A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_suppression () {
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--suppress-cc=$1 ${2+"--suppress-cc=$2"} \
+		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+		--to=to@example.com \
+		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
+		$patches |
+	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
+		>actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} &&
+	test_cmp expected-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc set' '
+	git config sendemail.cc cc@example.com &&
+	test_suppression sob
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc unset' '
+	git config --unset sendemail.cc &&
+	test_suppression sob
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-cccmd <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>,<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com, C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sendemail.cccmd' '
+	echo echo cc-cmd@example.com > cccmd &&
+	chmod +x cccmd &&
+	git config sendemail.cccmd ./cccmd &&
+	test_suppression cccmd
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-all <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=all' '
+	test_suppression all
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-body <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(cc-cmd) Adding cc: cc-cmd@example.com from: './cccmd'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>,<cc-cmd@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com, cc-cmd@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=body' '
+	test_suppression body
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-body-cccmd <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=body --suppress-cc=cccmd' '
+	test_suppression body cccmd
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=sob' '
+	git config --unset sendemail.cccmd
+	test_suppression sob
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-bodycc <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<one@example.com>,<two@example.com>,<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, One <one@example.com>, two@example.com, C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=bodycc' '
+	test_suppression bodycc
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-cc <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>, C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=cc' '
+	test_suppression cc
+'
+
+test_confirm () {
+	echo y | \
+		GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$@ $patches > stdout &&
+	grep "Send this email" stdout
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=always' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=always --suppress-cc=all
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=auto' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=auto
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=cc' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=cc
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=compose' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=compose --compose
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm by default (due to cc)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	test_confirm
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm by default (due to --compose)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	test_confirm --suppress-cc=all --compose
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm detects EOF (inform assumes y)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	rm -fr outdir &&
+	git format-patch -2 -o outdir &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			outdir/*.patch < /dev/null
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm detects EOF (auto causes failure)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
+	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
+		test_must_fail git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			$patches < /dev/null
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm doesnt loop forever' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
+	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
+		yes "bogus" | test_must_fail git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			$patches
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'utf8 Cc is rfc2047 encoded' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	rm -fr outdir &&
+	git format-patch -1 -o outdir --cc="àéìöú <utf8@example.com>" &&
+	git send-email \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	outdir/*.patch &&
+	grep "^Cc:" msgtxt1 |
+	grep "=?UTF-8?q?=C3=A0=C3=A9=C3=AC=C3=B6=C3=BA?= <utf8@example.com>"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 body' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "echo utf8 body: àéìöú >>\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose --subject foo \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--compose respects user mime type' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "(echo MIME-Version: 1.0"
+	 echo " echo Content-Type: text/plain\\; charset=iso-8859-1"
+	 echo " echo Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
+	 echo " echo Subject: foo"
+	 echo " echo "
+	 echo " echo utf8 body: àéìöú) >\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor-utf8-mime &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8-mime &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8-mime\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose --subject foo \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1" msgtxt1 &&
+	! grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 subject' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose --subject utf8-sübjëct \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^fake edit" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Subject: =?UTF-8?q?utf8-s=C3=BCbj=C3=ABct?=" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detects ambiguous reference/file conflict' '
+	echo master > master &&
+	git add master &&
+	git commit -m"add master" &&
+	test_must_fail git send-email --dry-run master 2>errors &&
+	grep disambiguate errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'feed two files' '
+	rm -fr outdir &&
+	git format-patch -2 -o outdir &&
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^Subject: " out >subjects &&
+	test "z$(sed -n -e 1p subjects)" = "zSubject: [PATCH 1/2] Second." &&
+	test "z$(sed -n -e 2p subjects)" = "zSubject: [PATCH 2/2] add master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-reply-to but no threading' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--in-reply-to="<in-reply-id@example.com>" \
+		--nothread \
+		$patches |
+	grep "In-Reply-To: <in-reply-id@example.com>"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no in-reply-to and no threading' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--nothread \
+		$patches $patches >stdout &&
+	! grep "In-Reply-To: " stdout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'threading but no chain-reply-to' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--thread \
+		--nochain-reply-to \
+		$patches $patches >stdout &&
+	grep "In-Reply-To: " stdout
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
index eb628fe075..570e0359e4 100755
--- a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
@@ -3,201 +3,196 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-svn basic tests'
-GIT_SVN_LC_ALL=$LC_ALL
+test_description='git svn basic tests'
+GIT_SVN_LC_ALL=${LC_ALL:-$LANG}
 
-case "$LC_ALL" in
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
+
+case "$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL" in
 *.UTF-8)
-	have_utf8=t
+	test_set_prereq UTF8
 	;;
 *)
-	have_utf8=
+	say "UTF-8 locale not set, some tests skipped ($GIT_SVN_LC_ALL)"
 	;;
 esac
 
-. ./lib-git-svn.sh
-
-echo 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git-svn tests'
-
 test_expect_success \
-    'initialize git-svn' "
+    'initialize git svn' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	echo foo > foo &&
 	ln -s foo foo.link
 	mkdir -p dir/a/b/c/d/e &&
-	echo 'deep dir' > dir/a/b/c/d/e/file &&
+	echo "deep dir" > dir/a/b/c/d/e/file &&
 	mkdir bar &&
-	echo 'zzz' > bar/zzz &&
-	echo '#!/bin/sh' > exec.sh &&
+	echo "zzz" > bar/zzz &&
+	echo "#!/bin/sh" > exec.sh &&
 	chmod +x exec.sh &&
-	svn import -m 'import for git-svn' . $svnrepo >/dev/null &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf import &&
-	git-svn init $svnrepo"
+	git svn init "$svnrepo"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'import an SVN revision into git' \
-    'git-svn fetch'
+    'git svn fetch'
 
-test_expect_success "checkout from svn" "svn co $svnrepo '$SVN_TREE'"
+test_expect_success "checkout from svn" 'svn co "$svnrepo" "$SVN_TREE"'
 
 name='try a deep --rmdir with a commit'
-test_expect_success "$name" "
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch remotes/git-svn &&
+test_expect_success "$name" '
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	mv dir/a/b/c/d/e/file dir/file &&
 	cp dir/file file &&
 	git update-index --add --remove dir/a/b/c/d/e/file dir/file file &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test -d '$SVN_TREE'/dir && test ! -d '$SVN_TREE'/dir/a"
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir && test ! -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir/a'
 
 
 name='detect node change from file to directory #1'
-test_expect_failure "$name" "
+test_expect_success "$name" "
 	mkdir dir/new_file &&
 	mv dir/file dir/new_file/file &&
 	mv dir/new_file dir/file &&
 	git update-index --remove dir/file &&
 	git update-index --add dir/file/file &&
-	git commit -m '$name'  &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch" || true
+	git commit -m '$name' &&
+	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch" || true
 
 
 name='detect node change from directory to file #1'
-test_expect_failure "$name" "
-	rm -rf dir '$GIT_DIR'/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch2 remotes/git-svn &&
+test_expect_success "$name" '
+	rm -rf dir "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch2 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	mv bar/zzz zzz &&
 	rm -rf bar &&
 	mv zzz bar &&
 	git update-index --remove -- bar/zzz &&
 	git update-index --add -- bar &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch2" || true
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch2' || true
 
 
 name='detect node change from file to directory #2'
-test_expect_failure "$name" "
-	rm -f '$GIT_DIR'/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch3 remotes/git-svn &&
+test_expect_success "$name" '
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch3 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	rm bar/zzz &&
-	git-update-index --remove bar/zzz &&
+	git update-index --remove bar/zzz &&
 	mkdir bar/zzz &&
 	echo yyy > bar/zzz/yyy &&
-	git-update-index --add bar/zzz/yyy &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch3" || true
+	git update-index --add bar/zzz/yyy &&
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch3' || true
 
 
 name='detect node change from directory to file #2'
-test_expect_failure "$name" "
-	rm -f '$GIT_DIR'/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch4 remotes/git-svn &&
+test_expect_success "$name" '
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch4 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	rm -rf dir &&
 	git update-index --remove -- dir/file &&
 	touch dir &&
 	echo asdf > dir &&
 	git update-index --add -- dir &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch4" || true
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch4' || true
 
 
 name='remove executable bit from a file'
-test_expect_success "$name" "
-	rm -f '$GIT_DIR'/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch5 remotes/git-svn &&
+test_expect_success "$name" '
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch5 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	chmod -x exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test ! -x '$SVN_TREE'/exec.sh"
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test ! -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
 name='add executable bit back file'
-test_expect_success "$name" "
+test_expect_success "$name" '
 	chmod +x exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test -x '$SVN_TREE'/exec.sh"
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
 name='executable file becomes a symlink to bar/zzz (file)'
-test_expect_success "$name" "
+test_expect_success "$name" '
 	rm exec.sh &&
 	ln -s bar/zzz exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test -L '$SVN_TREE'/exec.sh"
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 name='new symlink is added to a file that was also just made executable'
 
-test_expect_success "$name" "
+test_expect_success "$name" '
 	chmod +x bar/zzz &&
 	ln -s bar/zzz exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index --add bar/zzz exec-2.sh &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test -x '$SVN_TREE'/bar/zzz &&
-	test -L '$SVN_TREE'/exec-2.sh"
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz &&
+	test -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
 
 name='modify a symlink to become a file'
-test_expect_success "$name" "
+test_expect_success "$name" '
 	echo git help > help || true &&
 	rm exec-2.sh &&
 	cp help exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
-	git commit -m '$name' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up '$SVN_TREE' &&
-	test -f '$SVN_TREE'/exec-2.sh &&
-	test ! -L '$SVN_TREE'/exec-2.sh &&
-	git diff help $SVN_TREE/exec-2.sh"
-
-if test "$have_utf8" = t
-then
-	name="commit with UTF-8 message: locale: $GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
-	LC_ALL="$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
-	export LC_ALL
-	test_expect_success "$name" "
-		echo '# hello' >> exec-2.sh &&
-		git update-index exec-2.sh &&
-		git commit -m 'éï�' &&
-		git-svn set-tree HEAD"
-	unset LC_ALL
-else
-	echo "UTF-8 locale not set, test skipped ($GIT_SVN_LC_ALL)"
-fi
+	git commit -m "$name" &&
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -f "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
+	test ! -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
+	test_cmp help "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
+
+name="commit with UTF-8 message: locale: $GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
+LC_ALL="$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
+export LC_ALL
+test_expect_success UTF8 "$name" "
+	echo '# hello' >> exec-2.sh &&
+	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
+	git commit -m 'éï�' &&
+	git svn set-tree HEAD"
+unset LC_ALL
 
 name='test fetch functionality (svn => git) with alternate GIT_SVN_ID'
 GIT_SVN_ID=alt
 export GIT_SVN_ID
 test_expect_success "$name" \
-    "git-svn init $svnrepo && git-svn fetch &&
-     git-rev-list --pretty=raw remotes/git-svn | grep ^tree | uniq > a &&
-     git-rev-list --pretty=raw remotes/alt | grep ^tree | uniq > b &&
-     git diff a b"
+    'git svn init "$svnrepo" && git svn fetch &&
+     git rev-list --pretty=raw ${remotes_git_svn} | grep ^tree | uniq > a &&
+     git rev-list --pretty=raw remotes/alt | grep ^tree | uniq > b &&
+     test_cmp a b'
 
 name='check imported tree checksums expected tree checksums'
 rm -f expected
-if test "$have_utf8" = t
+if test_have_prereq UTF8
 then
 	echo tree bf522353586b1b883488f2bc73dab0d9f774b9a9 > expected
 fi
@@ -211,49 +206,68 @@ tree d667270a1f7b109f5eb3aaea21ede14b56bfdd6e
 tree 8f51f74cf0163afc9ad68a4b1537288c4558b5a4
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "$name" "git diff a expected"
+test_expect_success "$name" "test_cmp a expected"
 
-test_expect_failure 'exit if remote refs are ambigious' "
-        git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                              bar:refs/remotes/git-svn &&
-        git-svn migrate
-        "
+test_expect_success 'exit if remote refs are ambigious' "
+        git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+                              bar:refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	test_must_fail git svn migrate
+"
 
-test_expect_failure 'exit if init-ing a would clobber a URL' "
-        svnadmin create ${PWD}/svnrepo2 &&
-        svn mkdir -m 'mkdir bar' ${svnrepo}2/bar &&
-        git-config --unset svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                                '^bar:refs/remotes/git-svn$' &&
-        git-svn init ${svnrepo}2/bar
-        "
+test_expect_success 'exit if init-ing a would clobber a URL' '
+        svnadmin create "${PWD}/svnrepo2" &&
+        svn mkdir -m "mkdir bar" "${svnrepo}2/bar" &&
+        git config --unset svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+                                "^bar:refs/${remotes_git_svn}$" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn init "${svnrepo}2/bar"
+        '
 
 test_expect_success \
-  'init allows us to connect to another directory in the same repo' "
-        git-svn init -i bar $svnrepo/bar &&
+  'init allows us to connect to another directory in the same repo' '
+        git svn init --minimize-url -i bar "$svnrepo/bar" &&
         git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                              '^bar:refs/remotes/bar$' &&
+                              "^bar:refs/remotes/bar$" &&
         git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                              '^:refs/remotes/git-svn$'
-        "
+                              "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}$"
+        '
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit $rev does not clobber current branch' '
+	git svn fetch -i bar &&
+	git checkout -b my-bar refs/remotes/bar &&
+	echo 1 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "change 1" &&
+	echo 2 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "change 2" &&
+	old_head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git svn dcommit -i bar HEAD^ &&
+	test $old_head = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test refs/heads/my-bar = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	git log refs/remotes/bar | grep "change 1" &&
+	! git log refs/remotes/bar | grep "change 2" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D my-bar
+	'
 
 test_expect_success 'able to dcommit to a subdirectory' "
-	git-svn fetch -i bar &&
+	git svn fetch -i bar &&
 	git checkout -b my-bar refs/remotes/bar &&
 	echo abc > d &&
 	git update-index --add d &&
 	git commit -m '/bar/d should be in the log' &&
-	git-svn dcommit -i bar &&
+	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
 	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\" &&
 	mkdir newdir &&
 	echo new > newdir/dir &&
 	git update-index --add newdir/dir &&
 	git commit -m 'add a new directory' &&
-	git-svn dcommit -i bar &&
+	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
 	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\" &&
 	echo foo >> newdir/dir &&
 	git update-index newdir/dir &&
 	git commit -m 'modify a file in new directory' &&
-	git-svn dcommit -i bar &&
+	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
 	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\"
 	"
 
@@ -261,8 +275,17 @@ test_expect_success 'able to set-tree to a subdirectory' "
 	echo cba > d &&
 	git update-index d &&
 	git commit -m 'update /bar/d' &&
-	git-svn set-tree -i bar HEAD &&
+	git svn set-tree -i bar HEAD &&
 	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\"
 	"
 
+test_expect_success 'git-svn works in a bare repository' '
+	mkdir bare-repo &&
+	( cd bare-repo &&
+	git init --bare &&
+	GIT_DIR=. git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch ) &&
+	rm -rf bare-repo
+	'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
index 622ea1c0df..9da4178c94 100755
--- a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-svn property tests'
+test_description='git svn property tests'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 mkdir import
@@ -26,56 +26,56 @@ cd import
 EOF
 
 	printf "Hello\r\nWorld\r\n" > crlf
-	a_crlf=`git-hash-object -w crlf`
+	a_crlf=`git hash-object -w crlf`
 	printf "Hello\rWorld\r" > cr
-	a_cr=`git-hash-object -w cr`
+	a_cr=`git hash-object -w cr`
 	printf "Hello\nWorld\n" > lf
-	a_lf=`git-hash-object -w lf`
+	a_lf=`git hash-object -w lf`
 
 	printf "Hello\r\nWorld" > ne_crlf
-	a_ne_crlf=`git-hash-object -w ne_crlf`
+	a_ne_crlf=`git hash-object -w ne_crlf`
 	printf "Hello\nWorld" > ne_lf
-	a_ne_lf=`git-hash-object -w ne_lf`
+	a_ne_lf=`git hash-object -w ne_lf`
 	printf "Hello\rWorld" > ne_cr
-	a_ne_cr=`git-hash-object -w ne_cr`
+	a_ne_cr=`git hash-object -w ne_cr`
 
 	touch empty
-	a_empty=`git-hash-object -w empty`
+	a_empty=`git hash-object -w empty`
 	printf "\n" > empty_lf
-	a_empty_lf=`git-hash-object -w empty_lf`
+	a_empty_lf=`git hash-object -w empty_lf`
 	printf "\r" > empty_cr
-	a_empty_cr=`git-hash-object -w empty_cr`
+	a_empty_cr=`git hash-object -w empty_cr`
 	printf "\r\n" > empty_crlf
-	a_empty_crlf=`git-hash-object -w empty_crlf`
+	a_empty_crlf=`git hash-object -w empty_crlf`
 
-	svn import -m 'import for git-svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
+	svn_cmd import --no-auto-props -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
 cd ..
 
 rm -rf import
-test_expect_success 'checkout working copy from svn' "svn co $svnrepo test_wc"
+test_expect_success 'checkout working copy from svn' 'svn co "$svnrepo" test_wc'
 test_expect_success 'setup some commits to svn' \
 	'cd test_wc &&
 		echo Greetings >> kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Not yet an Id" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Not yet an Id" &&
 		echo Hello world >> kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Modified file, but still not yet an Id" &&
-		svn propset svn:keywords Id kw.c &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Modified file, but still not yet an Id" &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Propset Id" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Propset Id" &&
 	cd ..'
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize git-svn' "git-svn init $svnrepo"
-test_expect_success 'fetch revisions from svn' 'git-svn fetch'
+test_expect_success 'initialize git svn' 'git svn init "$svnrepo"'
+test_expect_success 'fetch revisions from svn' 'git svn fetch'
 
 name='test svn:keywords ignoring'
 test_expect_success "$name" \
-	'git checkout -b mybranch remotes/git-svn &&
+	'git checkout -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	echo Hi again >> kw.c &&
 	git commit -a -m "test keywords ignoring" &&
-	git-svn set-tree remotes/git-svn..mybranch &&
-	git pull . remotes/git-svn'
+	git svn set-tree ${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch &&
+	git pull . ${remotes_git_svn}'
 
 expect='/* $Id$ */'
 got="`sed -ne 2p kw.c`"
@@ -83,16 +83,16 @@ test_expect_success 'raw $Id$ found in kw.c' "test '$expect' = '$got'"
 
 test_expect_success "propset CR on crlf files" \
 	'cd test_wc &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR empty &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR crlf &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR ne_crlf &&
-		svn commit -m "propset CR on crlf files" &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR empty &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR crlf &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR ne_crlf &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "propset CR on crlf files" &&
 	 cd ..'
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn and checkout a new wc' \
-	"git-svn fetch &&
-	 git pull . remotes/git-svn &&
-	 svn co $svnrepo new_wc"
+	'git svn fetch &&
+	 git pull . ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	 svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" new_wc'
 
 for i in crlf ne_crlf lf ne_lf cr ne_cr empty_cr empty_lf empty empty_crlf
 do
@@ -103,20 +103,20 @@ done
 cd test_wc
 	printf '$Id$\rHello\rWorld\r' > cr
 	printf '$Id$\rHello\rWorld' > ne_cr
-	a_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld\r\n' | git-hash-object --stdin`
-	a_ne_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld' | git-hash-object --stdin`
+	a_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld\r\n' | git hash-object --stdin`
+	a_ne_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld' | git hash-object --stdin`
 	test_expect_success 'Set CRLF on cr files' \
-	'svn propset svn:eol-style CRLF cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:eol-style CRLF ne_cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:keywords Id cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:keywords Id ne_cr &&
-	 svn commit -m "propset CRLF on cr files"'
+	'svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF ne_cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id ne_cr &&
+	 svn_cmd commit -m "propset CRLF on cr files"'
 cd ..
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn' \
-	'git-svn fetch && git pull . remotes/git-svn'
+	'git svn fetch && git pull . ${remotes_git_svn}'
 
-b_cr="`git-hash-object cr`"
-b_ne_cr="`git-hash-object ne_cr`"
+b_cr="`git hash-object cr`"
+b_ne_cr="`git hash-object ne_cr`"
 
 test_expect_success 'CRLF + $Id$' "test '$a_cr' = '$b_cr'"
 test_expect_success 'CRLF + $Id$ (no newline)' "test '$a_ne_cr' = '$b_ne_cr'"
@@ -126,25 +126,92 @@ cat > show-ignore.expect <<\EOF
 # /
 /no-such-file*
 
-# deeply
+# /deeply/
 /deeply/no-such-file*
 
-# deeply/nested
+# /deeply/nested/
 /deeply/nested/no-such-file*
 
-# deeply/nested/directory
+# /deeply/nested/directory/
 /deeply/nested/directory/no-such-file*
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'test show-ignore' "
 	cd test_wc &&
 	mkdir -p deeply/nested/directory &&
-	svn add deeply &&
-	svn propset -R svn:ignore 'no-such-file*' .
-	svn commit -m 'propset svn:ignore'
+	touch deeply/nested/directory/.keep &&
+	svn_cmd add deeply &&
+	svn_cmd up &&
+	svn_cmd propset -R svn:ignore 'no-such-file*' .
+	svn_cmd commit -m 'propset svn:ignore'
 	cd .. &&
-	git-svn show-ignore > show-ignore.got &&
+	git svn show-ignore > show-ignore.got &&
 	cmp show-ignore.expect show-ignore.got
 	"
 
+cat >create-ignore.expect <<\EOF
+/no-such-file*
+EOF
+
+cat >create-ignore-index.expect <<\EOF
+100644 8c52e5dfcd0a8b6b6bcfe6b41b89bcbf493718a5 0	.gitignore
+100644 8c52e5dfcd0a8b6b6bcfe6b41b89bcbf493718a5 0	deeply/.gitignore
+100644 8c52e5dfcd0a8b6b6bcfe6b41b89bcbf493718a5 0	deeply/nested/.gitignore
+100644 8c52e5dfcd0a8b6b6bcfe6b41b89bcbf493718a5 0	deeply/nested/directory/.gitignore
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test create-ignore' "
+	git svn fetch && git pull . ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git svn create-ignore &&
+	cmp ./.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
+	cmp ./deeply/.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
+	cmp ./deeply/nested/.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
+	cmp ./deeply/nested/directory/.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
+	git ls-files -s | grep gitignore | cmp - create-ignore-index.expect
+	"
+
+cat >prop.expect <<\EOF
+no-such-file*
+
+EOF
+cat >prop2.expect <<\EOF
+8
+EOF
+
+# This test can be improved: since all the svn:ignore contain the same
+# pattern, it can pass even though the propget did not execute on the
+# right directory.
+test_expect_success 'test propget' "
+	git svn propget svn:ignore . | cmp - prop.expect &&
+	cd deeply &&
+	git svn propget svn:ignore . | cmp - ../prop.expect &&
+	git svn propget svn:entry:committed-rev nested/directory/.keep \
+	  | cmp - ../prop2.expect &&
+	git svn propget svn:ignore .. | cmp - ../prop.expect &&
+	git svn propget svn:ignore nested/ | cmp - ../prop.expect &&
+	git svn propget svn:ignore ./nested | cmp - ../prop.expect &&
+	git svn propget svn:ignore .././deeply/nested | cmp - ../prop.expect
+	"
+
+cat >prop.expect <<\EOF
+Properties on '.':
+  svn:entry:committed-date
+  svn:entry:committed-rev
+  svn:entry:last-author
+  svn:entry:uuid
+  svn:ignore
+EOF
+cat >prop2.expect <<\EOF
+Properties on 'nested/directory/.keep':
+  svn:entry:committed-date
+  svn:entry:committed-rev
+  svn:entry:last-author
+  svn:entry:uuid
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test proplist' "
+	git svn proplist . | cmp - prop.expect &&
+	git svn proplist nested/directory/.keep | cmp - prop2.expect
+	"
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
index 4e0808380f..028fb19e09 100755
--- a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
+++ b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
@@ -1,30 +1,30 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-test_description='git-svn rmdir'
+test_description='git svn rmdir'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize repo' "
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	mkdir -p deeply/nested/directory/number/1 &&
 	mkdir -p deeply/nested/directory/number/2 &&
 	echo foo > deeply/nested/directory/number/1/file &&
 	echo foo > deeply/nested/directory/number/2/another &&
-	svn import -m 'import for git-svn' . $svnrepo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd ..
-	"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'mirror via git-svn' "
-	git-svn init $svnrepo &&
-	git-svn fetch &&
-	git checkout -f -b test-rmdir remotes/git-svn
-	"
+test_expect_success 'mirror via git svn' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git checkout -f -b test-rmdir ${remotes_git_svn}
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'Try a commit on rmdir' "
+test_expect_success 'Try a commit on rmdir' '
 	git rm -f deeply/nested/directory/number/2/another &&
-	git commit -a -m 'remove another' &&
-	git-svn set-tree --rmdir HEAD &&
-	svn ls -R $svnrepo | grep ^deeply/nested/directory/number/1
-	"
+	git commit -a -m "remove another" &&
+	git svn set-tree --rmdir HEAD &&
+	svn_cmd ls -R "$svnrepo" | grep ^deeply/nested/directory/number/1
+	'
 
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3413164cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn tracking removed top-level path'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'make history for tracking' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	mkdir import/trunk &&
+	echo hello >> import/trunk/README &&
+	svn_cmd import -m initial import "$svnrepo" &&
+	rm -rf import &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+	echo bye bye >> trunk/README &&
+	svn_cmd rm -m "gone" "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	rm -rf trunk &&
+	mkdir trunk &&
+	echo "new" > trunk/FOLLOWME &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "new trunk" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone repo with git' '
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x &&
+	test -f x/FOLLOWME &&
+	test ! -f x/README
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make sure r2 still has old file' "
+	cd x &&
+		test -n \"\$(git svn find-rev r1)\" &&
+		git reset --hard \$(git svn find-rev r1) &&
+		test -f README &&
+		test ! -f FOLLOWME &&
+		test x\$(git svn find-rev r2) = x
+"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
index bd4f366e86..78610b61e6 100755
--- a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
@@ -3,166 +3,210 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-svn fetching'
+test_description='git svn fetching'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize repo' "
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	mkdir -p trunk &&
 	echo hello > trunk/readme &&
-	svn import -m 'initial' . $svnrepo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
-	svn co $svnrepo wc &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" wc &&
 	cd wc &&
 	echo world >> trunk/readme &&
 	poke trunk/readme &&
-	svn commit -m 'another commit' &&
-	svn up &&
-	svn mv -m 'rename to thunk' trunk thunk &&
-	svn up &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "another commit" &&
+	svn_cmd up &&
+	svn_cmd mv trunk thunk &&
 	echo goodbye >> thunk/readme &&
 	poke thunk/readme &&
-	svn commit -m 'bye now' &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "bye now" &&
 	cd ..
-	"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'init and fetch a moved directory' "
-	git-svn init -i thunk $svnrepo/thunk &&
-	git-svn fetch -i thunk &&
-	test \"\`git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk@2\`\" \
-           = \"\`git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk~1\`\" &&
-        test \"\`git-cat-file blob refs/remotes/thunk:readme |\
-                 sed -n -e '3p'\`\" = goodbye &&
-	test -z \"\`git-config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-	         '^trunk:refs/remotes/thunk@2$'\`\"
-	"
+test_expect_success 'init and fetch a moved directory' '
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i thunk "$svnrepo"/thunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i thunk &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk@2`" \
+           = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk~1`" &&
+        test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/thunk:readme |\
+                 sed -n -e "3p"`" = goodbye &&
+	test -z "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+	         "^trunk:refs/remotes/thunk@2$"`"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'init and fetch from one svn-remote' "
-        git-config svn-remote.svn.url $svnrepo &&
-        git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+test_expect_success 'init and fetch from one svn-remote' '
+        git config svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
+        git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
           trunk:refs/remotes/svn/trunk &&
-        git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+        git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
           thunk:refs/remotes/svn/thunk &&
-        git-svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
-	test \"\`git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/trunk\`\" \
-           = \"\`git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/thunk~1\`\" &&
-        test \"\`git-cat-file blob refs/remotes/svn/thunk:readme |\
-                 sed -n -e '3p'\`\" = goodbye
-        "
-
-test_expect_success 'follow deleted parent' "
-        svn cp -m 'resurrecting trunk as junk' \
-               -r2 $svnrepo/trunk $svnrepo/junk &&
-        git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+        git svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/trunk`" \
+           = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/thunk~1`" &&
+        test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/svn/thunk:readme |\
+                 sed -n -e "3p"`" = goodbye
+        '
+
+test_expect_success 'follow deleted parent' '
+        (svn_cmd cp -m "resurrecting trunk as junk" \
+               "$svnrepo"/trunk@2 "$svnrepo"/junk ||
+         svn cp -m "resurrecting trunk as junk" \
+               -r2 "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/junk) &&
+        git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
           junk:refs/remotes/svn/junk &&
-        git-svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
-        git-svn fetch -i svn/junk &&
-        test -z \"\`git diff svn/junk svn/trunk\`\" &&
-        test \"\`git merge-base svn/junk svn/trunk\`\" \
-           = \"\`git rev-parse svn/trunk\`\"
-        "
-
-test_expect_success 'follow larger parent' "
+        git svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
+        git svn fetch -i svn/junk &&
+        test -z "`git diff svn/junk svn/trunk`" &&
+        test "`git merge-base svn/junk svn/trunk`" \
+           = "`git rev-parse svn/trunk`"
+        '
+
+test_expect_success 'follow larger parent' '
         mkdir -p import/trunk/thunk/bump/thud &&
         echo hi > import/trunk/thunk/bump/thud/file &&
-        svn import -m 'import a larger parent' import $svnrepo/larger-parent &&
-        svn cp -m 'hi' $svnrepo/larger-parent $svnrepo/another-larger &&
-        git-svn init -i larger $svnrepo/another-larger/trunk/thunk/bump/thud &&
-        git-svn fetch -i larger &&
-        git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/larger &&
-        git-rev-parse --verify \
+        svn import -m "import a larger parent" import "$svnrepo"/larger-parent &&
+        svn cp -m "hi" "$svnrepo"/larger-parent "$svnrepo"/another-larger &&
+        git svn init --minimize-url -i larger \
+          "$svnrepo"/another-larger/trunk/thunk/bump/thud &&
+        git svn fetch -i larger &&
+        git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/larger &&
+        git rev-parse --verify \
            refs/remotes/larger-parent/trunk/thunk/bump/thud &&
-        test \"\`git-merge-base \
+        test "`git merge-base \
                  refs/remotes/larger-parent/trunk/thunk/bump/thud \
-                 refs/remotes/larger\`\" = \
-             \"\`git-rev-parse refs/remotes/larger\`\"
+                 refs/remotes/larger`" = \
+             "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/larger`"
         true
-        "
+        '
 
-test_expect_success 'follow higher-level parent' "
-        svn mkdir -m 'follow higher-level parent' $svnrepo/blob &&
-        svn co $svnrepo/blob blob &&
+test_expect_success 'follow higher-level parent' '
+        svn mkdir -m "follow higher-level parent" "$svnrepo"/blob &&
+        svn co "$svnrepo"/blob blob &&
         cd blob &&
                 echo hi > hi &&
                 svn add hi &&
-                svn commit -m 'hihi' &&
+                svn commit -m "hihi" &&
                 cd ..
-        svn mkdir -m 'new glob at top level' $svnrepo/glob &&
-        svn mv -m 'move blob down a level' $svnrepo/blob $svnrepo/glob/blob &&
-        git-svn init -i blob $svnrepo/glob/blob &&
-        git-svn fetch -i blob
-        "
-
-test_expect_success 'follow deleted directory' "
-	svn mv -m 'bye!' $svnrepo/glob/blob/hi $svnrepo/glob/blob/bye &&
-	svn rm -m 'remove glob' $svnrepo/glob &&
-	git-svn init -i glob $svnrepo/glob &&
-	git-svn fetch -i glob &&
-	test \"\`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/glob:blob/bye\`\" = hi &&
-	test \"\`git ls-tree refs/remotes/glob | wc -l \`\" -eq 1
-	"
+        svn mkdir -m "new glob at top level" "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+        svn mv -m "move blob down a level" "$svnrepo"/blob "$svnrepo"/glob/blob &&
+        git svn init --minimize-url -i blob "$svnrepo"/glob/blob &&
+        git svn fetch -i blob
+        '
+
+test_expect_success 'follow deleted directory' '
+	svn_cmd mv -m "bye!" "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/hi "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/bye &&
+	svn_cmd rm -m "remove glob" "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i glob "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+	git svn fetch -i glob &&
+	test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/glob:blob/bye`" = hi &&
+	test "`git ls-tree refs/remotes/glob | wc -l `" -eq 1
+	'
 
 # ref: r9270 of the Subversion repository: (http://svn.collab.net/repos/svn)
 # in trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl
-test_expect_success 'follow-parent avoids deleting relevant info' "
+test_expect_success 'follow-parent avoids deleting relevant info' '
 	mkdir -p import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/t &&
 	for i in a b c ; do \
-	  echo \$i > import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/\$i.pm &&
-	  echo _\$i > import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/t/\$i.t; \
+	  echo $i > import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/$i.pm &&
+	  echo _$i > import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/t/$i.t; \
 	done &&
-	  echo 'bad delete test' > \
+	  echo "bad delete test" > \
 	   import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/t/larger-parent &&
-	  echo 'bad delete test 2' > \
+	  echo "bad delete test 2" > \
 	   import/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/another-larger &&
 	cd import &&
-	  svn import -m 'r9270 test' . $svnrepo/r9270 &&
+	  svn import -m "r9270 test" . "$svnrepo"/r9270 &&
 	cd .. &&
-	svn co $svnrepo/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl r9270 &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl r9270 &&
 	cd r9270 &&
 	  svn mkdir native &&
 	  svn mv t native/t &&
-	  for i in a b c; do svn mv \$i.pm native/\$i.pm; done &&
+	  for i in a b c; do svn mv $i.pm native/$i.pm; done &&
 	  echo z >> native/t/c.t &&
 	  poke native/t/c.t &&
-	  svn commit -m 'reorg test' &&
+	  svn commit -m "reorg test" &&
 	cd .. &&
-	git-svn init -i r9270-t \
-	  $svnrepo/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
-	git-svn fetch -i r9270-t &&
-	test \`git rev-list r9270-t | wc -l\` -eq 2 &&
-	test \"\`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t~1\`\" = \
-	     \"\`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t\`\"
-	"
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i r9270-t \
+	  "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
+	git svn fetch -i r9270-t &&
+	test `git rev-list r9270-t | wc -l` -eq 2 &&
+	test "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t~1`" = \
+	     "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t`"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" "
-	svn cp -m 'wheee!' $svnrepo/r9270/trunk $svnrepo/r9270/drunk &&
-	git-svn init -i r9270-d \
-	  $svnrepo/r9270/drunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
-	git-svn fetch -i r9270-d &&
-	test \`git rev-list r9270-d | wc -l\` -eq 3 &&
-	test \"\`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t\`\" = \
-	     \"\`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-d\`\" &&
-	test \"\`git rev-parse r9270-t\`\" = \
-	     \"\`git rev-parse r9270-d~1\`\"
-	"
+test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" '
+	svn_cmd cp -m "wheee!" "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i r9270-d \
+	  "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
+	git svn fetch -i r9270-d &&
+	test `git rev-list r9270-d | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
+	test "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t`" = \
+	     "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-d`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse r9270-t`" = \
+	     "`git rev-parse r9270-d~1`"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success "track multi-parent paths" "
-	svn cp -m 'resurrect /glob' $svnrepo/r9270 $svnrepo/glob &&
-	git-svn multi-fetch &&
-	test \`git cat-file commit refs/remotes/glob | \
-	       grep '^parent ' | wc -l\` -eq 2
-	"
+test_expect_success "follow-parent is atomic" '
+	(
+		cd wc &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd mkdir stunk &&
+		echo "trunk stunk" > stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd add stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "trunk stunk" &&
+		echo "stunk like junk" >> stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "really stunk" &&
+		echo "stink stank stunk" >> stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "even the grinch agrees"
+	) &&
+	svn_cmd copy -m "stunk flunked" "$svnrepo"/stunk "$svnrepo"/flunk &&
+	{ svn cp -m "early stunk flunked too" \
+		"$svnrepo"/stunk@17 "$svnrepo"/flunked ||
+	svn_cmd cp -m "early stunk flunked too" \
+		-r17 "$svnrepo"/stunk "$svnrepo"/flunked; } &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i stunk "$svnrepo"/stunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/flunk@18 refs/remotes/stunk~2 &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/remotes/stunk &&
+	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.fetch stunk &&
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/flunk@18 &&
+	rev_map=$(cd "$GIT_DIR"/svn/stunk && ls .rev_map*) &&
+	dd if="$GIT_DIR"/svn/stunk/$rev_map \
+	   of="$GIT_DIR"/svn/flunk@18/$rev_map bs=24 count=1 &&
+	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn/stunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunk "$svnrepo"/flunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i flunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i stunk "$svnrepo"/stunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunked "$svnrepo"/flunked &&
+	git svn fetch -i flunked
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk@18`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk~1`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunked~1`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk~1`"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success "track multi-parent paths" '
+	svn_cmd cp -m "resurrect /glob" "$svnrepo"/r9270 "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+	git svn multi-fetch &&
+	test `git cat-file commit refs/remotes/glob | \
+	       grep "^parent " | wc -l` -eq 2
+	'
 
 test_expect_success "multi-fetch continues to work" "
-	git-svn multi-fetch
+	git svn multi-fetch
 	"
 
-test_expect_success "multi-fetch works off a 'clean' repository" "
-	rm -r $GIT_DIR/svn $GIT_DIR/refs/remotes $GIT_DIR/logs &&
-	mkdir $GIT_DIR/svn &&
-	git-svn multi-fetch
-	"
+test_expect_success "multi-fetch works off a 'clean' repository" '
+	rm -r "$GIT_DIR/svn" "$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes" "$GIT_DIR/logs" &&
+	mkdir "$GIT_DIR/svn" &&
+	git svn multi-fetch
+	'
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all &'
 
diff --git a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
index c668dd1270..dd48e9cba8 100755
--- a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
+++ b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
-test_description='git-svn commit-diff'
+test_description='git svn commit-diff'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize repo' "
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	echo hello > readme &&
-	svn import -m 'initial' . $svnrepo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	echo hello > readme &&
 	git update-index --add readme &&
-	git commit -a -m 'initial' &&
+	git commit -a -m "initial" &&
 	echo world >> readme &&
-	git commit -a -m 'another'
-	"
+	git commit -a -m "another"
+	'
 
 head=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^0`
 prev=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^1`
@@ -24,20 +24,20 @@ prev=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^1`
 # commit, so only a basic test of functionality is needed since we've
 # already tested commit extensively elsewhere
 
-test_expect_success 'test the commit-diff command' "
-	test -n '$prev' && test -n '$head' &&
-	git-svn commit-diff -r1 '$prev' '$head' '$svnrepo' &&
-	svn co $svnrepo wc &&
+test_expect_success 'test the commit-diff command' '
+	test -n "$prev" && test -n "$head" &&
+	git svn commit-diff -r1 "$prev" "$head" "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" wc &&
 	cmp readme wc/readme
-	"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'commit-diff to a sub-directory (with git-svn config)' "
-	svn import -m 'sub-directory' import $svnrepo/subdir &&
-	git-svn init $svnrepo/subdir &&
-	git-svn fetch &&
-	git-svn commit-diff -r3 '$prev' '$head' &&
-	svn cat $svnrepo/subdir/readme > readme.2 &&
+test_expect_success 'commit-diff to a sub-directory (with git svn config)' '
+	svn_cmd import -m "sub-directory" import "$svnrepo"/subdir &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url "$svnrepo"/subdir &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git svn commit-diff -r3 "$prev" "$head" &&
+	svn_cmd cat "$svnrepo"/subdir/readme > readme.2 &&
 	cmp readme readme.2
-	"
+	'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
index 6f132f2419..12f21b700e 100755
--- a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
+++ b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
@@ -1,69 +1,101 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
-test_description='git-svn commit-diff clobber'
+test_description='git svn commit-diff clobber'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize repo' "
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	echo initial > file &&
-	svn import -m 'initial' . $svnrepo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	echo initial > file &&
 	git update-index --add file &&
-	git commit -a -m 'initial'
-	"
-test_expect_success 'commit change from svn side' "
-	svn co $svnrepo t.svn &&
+	git commit -a -m "initial"
+	'
+test_expect_success 'commit change from svn side' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	cd t.svn &&
 	echo second line from svn >> file &&
 	poke file &&
-	svn commit -m 'second line from svn' &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "second line from svn" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf t.svn
-	"
+	'
 
-test_expect_failure 'commit conflicting change from git' "
+test_expect_success 'commit conflicting change from git' '
 	echo second line from git >> file &&
-	git commit -a -m 'second line from git' &&
-	git-svn commit-diff -r1 HEAD~1 HEAD $svnrepo
-	" || true
+	git commit -a -m "second line from git" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn commit-diff -r1 HEAD~1 HEAD "$svnrepo"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'commit complementing change from git' "
+test_expect_success 'commit complementing change from git' '
 	git reset --hard HEAD~1 &&
 	echo second line from svn >> file &&
-	git commit -a -m 'second line from svn' &&
+	git commit -a -m "second line from svn" &&
 	echo third line from git >> file &&
-	git commit -a -m 'third line from git' &&
-	git-svn commit-diff -r2 HEAD~1 HEAD $svnrepo
-	"
+	git commit -a -m "third line from git" &&
+	git svn commit-diff -r2 HEAD~1 HEAD "$svnrepo"
+	'
 
-test_expect_failure 'dcommit fails to commit because of conflict' "
-	git-svn init $svnrepo &&
-	git-svn fetch &&
-	git reset --hard refs/remotes/git-svn &&
-	svn co $svnrepo t.svn &&
+test_expect_success 'dcommit fails to commit because of conflict' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	cd t.svn &&
 	echo fourth line from svn >> file &&
 	poke file &&
-	svn commit -m 'fourth line from svn' &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "fourth line from svn" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf t.svn &&
-	echo 'fourth line from git' >> file &&
-	git commit -a -m 'fourth line from git' &&
-	git-svn dcommit
-	" || true
+	echo "fourth line from git" >> file &&
+	git commit -a -m "fourth line from git" &&
+	test_must_fail git svn dcommit
+	'
 
 test_expect_success 'dcommit does the svn equivalent of an index merge' "
-	git reset --hard refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	echo 'index merge' > file2 &&
 	git update-index --add file2 &&
 	git commit -a -m 'index merge' &&
 	echo 'more changes' >> file2 &&
 	git update-index file2 &&
 	git commit -a -m 'more changes' &&
-	git-svn dcommit
+	git svn dcommit
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'commit another change from svn side' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
+	cd t.svn &&
+		echo third line from svn >> file &&
+		poke file &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "third line from svn" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	rm -rf t.svn
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple dcommit from git svn will not clobber svn' "
+	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	echo new file >> new-file &&
+	git update-index --add new-file &&
+	git commit -a -m 'new file' &&
+	echo clobber > file &&
+	git commit -a -m 'clobber' &&
+	test_must_fail git svn dcommit
+	"
+
+
+test_expect_success 'check that rebase really failed' '
+	test -d .git/rebase-apply
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve, continue the rebase and dcommit' "
+	echo clobber and I really mean it > file &&
+	git update-index file &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git svn dcommit
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
index dc2afdaa45..3a9e07768d 100755
--- a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
+++ b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
@@ -1,67 +1,67 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
-test_description='git-svn metadata migrations from previous versions'
+test_description='git svn metadata migrations from previous versions'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'setup old-looking metadata' "
-	cp $GIT_DIR/config $GIT_DIR/config-old-git-svn &&
+test_expect_success 'setup old-looking metadata' '
+	cp "$GIT_DIR"/config "$GIT_DIR"/config-old-git-svn &&
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 		for i in trunk branches/a branches/b \
 		         tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
-			mkdir -p \$i && \
-			echo hello >> \$i/README || exit 1
+			mkdir -p $i && \
+			echo hello >> $i/README || exit 1
 		done && \
-		svn import -m test . $svnrepo
+		svn_cmd import -m test . "$svnrepo"
 		cd .. &&
-	git-svn init $svnrepo &&
-	git-svn fetch &&
-	mv $GIT_DIR/svn/* $GIT_DIR/ &&
-	mv $GIT_DIR/svn/.metadata $GIT_DIR/ &&
-	rmdir $GIT_DIR/svn &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD refs/remotes/git-svn &&
-	git-update-ref refs/heads/svn-HEAD refs/remotes/git-svn &&
-	git-update-ref -d refs/remotes/git-svn refs/remotes/git-svn
-	"
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	mv "$GIT_DIR"/svn/* "$GIT_DIR"/ &&
+	mv "$GIT_DIR"/svn/.metadata "$GIT_DIR"/ &&
+	rmdir "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/${remotes_git_svn} refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+	'
 
 head=`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD^0`
 test_expect_success 'git-svn-HEAD is a real HEAD' "test -n '$head'"
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize old-style (v0) git-svn layout' "
-	mkdir -p $GIT_DIR/git-svn/info $GIT_DIR/svn/info &&
-	echo $svnrepo > $GIT_DIR/git-svn/info/url &&
-	echo $svnrepo > $GIT_DIR/svn/info/url &&
-	git-svn migrate &&
-	! test -d $GIT_DIR/git-svn &&
-	git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/git-svn^0 &&
-	git-rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn^0 &&
-	test \`git config --get svn-remote.svn.url\` = '$svnrepo' &&
-	test \`git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch\` = \
-             ':refs/remotes/git-svn'
-	"
+test_expect_success 'initialize old-style (v0) git svn layout' '
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn/info "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info &&
+	echo "$svnrepo" > "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn/info/url &&
+	echo "$svnrepo" > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info/url &&
+	git svn migrate &&
+	! test -d "$GIT_DIR"/git svn &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/${remotes_git_svn}^0 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn^0 &&
+	test "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.url)" = "$svnrepo" &&
+	test `git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch` = \
+             ":refs/${remotes_git_svn}"
+	'
 
-test_expect_success 'initialize a multi-repository repo' "
-	git-svn init $svnrepo -T trunk -t tags -b branches &&
-	git-config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
-	grep '^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$' fetch.out &&
-	test -n \"\`git-config --get svn-remote.svn.branches \
-	            '^branches/\*:refs/remotes/\*$'\`\" &&
-	test -n \"\`git-config --get svn-remote.svn.tags \
-	            '^tags/\*:refs/remotes/tags/\*$'\`\" &&
+test_expect_success 'initialize a multi-repository repo' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" -T trunk -t tags -b branches &&
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
+	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$" fetch.out &&
+	test -n "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.branches \
+	            "^branches/\*:refs/remotes/\*$"`" &&
+	test -n "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.tags \
+	            "^tags/\*:refs/remotes/tags/\*$"`" &&
 	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.branches \
-	                        '^branches/\*:refs/remotes/\*$' &&
+	                        "^branches/\*:refs/remotes/\*$" &&
 	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.tags \
-	                        '^tags/\*:refs/remotes/tags/\*$' &&
-	git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch 'branches/a:refs/remotes/a' &&
-	git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch 'branches/b:refs/remotes/b' &&
+	                        "^tags/\*:refs/remotes/tags/\*$" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch "branches/a:refs/remotes/a" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch "branches/b:refs/remotes/b" &&
 	for i in tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
-		git-config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-		                 \$i:refs/remotes/\$i || exit 1; done
-	"
+		git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+		                 $i:refs/remotes/$i || exit 1; done
+	'
 
 # refs should all be different, but the trees should all be the same:
 test_expect_success 'multi-fetch works on partial urls + paths' "
-	git-svn multi-fetch &&
+	git svn multi-fetch &&
 	for i in trunk a b tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
 		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/\$i^0 >> refs.out || exit 1;
 	    done &&
@@ -73,40 +73,43 @@ test_expect_success 'multi-fetch works on partial urls + paths' "
 	                         refs/remotes/\$j\`\" ||exit 1; done; done
 	"
 
-test_expect_success 'migrate --minimize on old inited layout' "
+test_expect_success 'migrate --minimize on old inited layout' '
 	git config --unset-all svn-remote.svn.fetch &&
 	git config --unset-all svn-remote.svn.url &&
-	rm -rf $GIT_DIR/svn &&
-	for i in \`cat fetch.out\`; do
-		path=\`expr \$i : '\\([^:]*\\):.*$'\`
-		ref=\`expr \$i : '[^:]*:refs/remotes/\\(.*\\)$'\`
-		if test -z \"\$ref\"; then continue; fi
-		if test -n \"\$path\"; then path=\"/\$path\"; fi
-		( mkdir -p $GIT_DIR/svn/\$ref/info/ &&
-		echo $svnrepo\$path > $GIT_DIR/svn/\$ref/info/url ) || exit 1;
+	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
+	for i in `cat fetch.out`; do
+		path=`expr $i : "\([^:]*\):.*$"`
+		ref=`expr $i : "[^:]*:refs/remotes/\(.*\)$"`
+		if test -z "$ref"; then continue; fi
+		if test -n "$path"; then path="/$path"; fi
+		( mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/ &&
+		echo "$svnrepo"$path > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/url ) || exit 1;
 	done &&
-	git-svn migrate --minimize &&
-	test -z \"\`git-config -l |grep -v '^svn-remote\.git-svn\.'\`\" &&
-	git-config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
-	grep '^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$' fetch.out &&
-	grep '^branches/a:refs/remotes/a$' fetch.out &&
-	grep '^branches/b:refs/remotes/b$' fetch.out &&
-	grep '^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/tags/0\.1$' fetch.out &&
-	grep '^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/tags/0\.2$' fetch.out &&
-	grep '^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/tags/0\.3$' fetch.out
-	grep '^:refs/remotes/git-svn' fetch.out
-	"
+	git svn migrate --minimize &&
+	test -z "`git config -l |grep -v "^svn-remote\.git-svn\."`" &&
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
+	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^branches/a:refs/remotes/a$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^branches/b:refs/remotes/b$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/tags/0\.1$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/tags/0\.2$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out
+	grep "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}" fetch.out
+	'
 
-test_expect_success  ".rev_db auto-converted to .rev_db.UUID" "
-	git-svn fetch -i trunk &&
-	expect=$GIT_DIR/svn/trunk/.rev_db.* &&
-	test -n \"\$expect\" &&
-	mv \$expect $GIT_DIR/svn/trunk/.rev_db &&
-	git-svn fetch -i trunk &&
-	test -L $GIT_DIR/svn/trunk/.rev_db &&
-	test -f \$expect &&
-	cmp \$expect $GIT_DIR/svn/trunk/.rev_db
-	"
+test_expect_success  ".rev_db auto-converted to .rev_map.UUID" '
+	git svn fetch -i trunk &&
+	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	expect="$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_map.*)" &&
+	test -n "$expect" &&
+	rev_db="$(echo $expect | sed -e "s,_map,_db,")" &&
+	convert_to_rev_db "$expect" "$rev_db" &&
+	rm -f "$expect" &&
+	test -f "$rev_db" &&
+	git svn fetch -i trunk &&
+	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	test ! -e "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db &&
+	test -f "$expect"
+	'
 
 test_done
-
diff --git a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
index db4344cc84..d732d31302 100755
--- a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
-test_description='git-svn globbing refspecs'
+test_description='git svn globbing refspecs'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 cat > expect.end <<EOF
@@ -10,77 +10,102 @@ start a new branch
 initial
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' "
+test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
 	mkdir -p trunk/src/a trunk/src/b trunk/doc &&
-	echo 'hello world' > trunk/src/a/readme &&
-	echo 'goodbye world' > trunk/src/b/readme &&
-	svn import -m 'initial' trunk $svnrepo/trunk &&
-	svn co $svnrepo tmp &&
-	cd tmp &&
+	echo "hello world" > trunk/src/a/readme &&
+	echo "goodbye world" > trunk/src/b/readme &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
 		mkdir branches tags &&
-		svn add branches tags &&
-		svn cp trunk branches/start &&
-		svn commit -m 'start a new branch' &&
-		svn up &&
-		echo 'hi' >> branches/start/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd add branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "start a new branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo "hi" >> branches/start/src/b/readme &&
 		poke branches/start/src/b/readme &&
-		echo 'hey' >> branches/start/src/a/readme &&
+		echo "hey" >> branches/start/src/a/readme &&
 		poke branches/start/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m 'hi' &&
-		svn up &&
-		svn cp branches/start tags/end &&
-		echo 'bye' >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "hi" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/start tags/end &&
+		echo "bye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		echo 'aye' >> tags/end/src/a/readme &&
+		echo "aye" >> tags/end/src/a/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m 'the end' &&
-		echo 'byebye' >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "the end" &&
+		echo "byebye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m 'nothing to see here'
-		cd .. &&
-	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url $svnrepo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "nothing to see here"
+	) &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-	                 'trunk/src/a:refs/remotes/trunk' &&
+	                 "trunk/src/a:refs/remotes/trunk" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.branches \
-	                 'branches/*/src/a:refs/remotes/branches/*' &&
+	                 "branches/*/src/a:refs/remotes/branches/*" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.tags\
-	                 'tags/*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/*' &&
-	git-svn multi-fetch &&
+	                 "tags/*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/*" &&
+	git svn multi-fetch &&
 	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e 's/^.\{41\}//' > output.end &&
-	cmp expect.end output.end &&
-	test \"\`git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1\`\" = \
-		\"\`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start\`\" &&
-	test \"\`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start~2\`\" = \
-		\"\`git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk\`\"
-	"
+	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.end &&
+	test_cmp expect.end output.end &&
+	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1`" = \
+		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start~2`" = \
+		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk`" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end@3
+	'
 
 echo try to try > expect.two
 echo nothing to see here >> expect.two
 cat expect.end >> expect.two
 
-test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' "
-	git config --add svn-remote.two.url $svnrepo &&
+test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.url "$svnrepo" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.two.fetch trunk:refs/remotes/two/trunk &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.two.branches \
-	                 'branches/*:refs/remotes/two/branches/*' &&
+	                 "branches/*:refs/remotes/two/branches/*" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.two.tags \
-	                 'tags/*:refs/remotes/two/tags/*' &&
-	cd tmp &&
-		echo 'try try' >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+	                 "tags/*:refs/remotes/two/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m 'try to try'
-		cd .. &&
-	git-svn fetch two &&
-	test \`git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l\` -eq 6 &&
-	test \`git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/start | wc -l\` -eq 3 &&
-	test \`git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start~2\` = \
-	     \`git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk\` &&
-	test \`git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3\` = \
-	     \`git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start\` &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	git svn fetch two &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start~2` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk` &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start` &&
 	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e 's/^.\{41\}//' > output.two &&
-	cmp expect.two output.two
-	"
+	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.two &&
+	test_cmp expect.two output.two
+	'
+
+echo "Only one set of wildcard directories" \
+     "(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: 'branches/*/t/*'" > expect.three
+echo "" >> expect.three
+
+test_expect_success 'test disallow multi-globs' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.fetch \
+	                 trunk:refs/remotes/three/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.branches \
+	                 "branches/*/t/*:refs/remotes/three/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.tags \
+	                 "tags/*/*:refs/remotes/three/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git svn fetch three 2> stderr.three &&
+	test_cmp expect.three stderr.three
+	'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c318f9f946
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+test_description='git svn globbing refspecs'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+cat > expect.end <<EOF
+the end
+hi
+start a new branch
+initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
+	mkdir -p trunk/src/a trunk/src/b trunk/doc &&
+	echo "hello world" > trunk/src/a/readme &&
+	echo "goodbye world" > trunk/src/b/readme &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		mkdir branches branches/v1 tags &&
+		svn_cmd add branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/v1/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "start a new branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo "hi" >> branches/v1/start/src/b/readme &&
+		poke branches/v1/start/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "hey" >> branches/v1/start/src/a/readme &&
+		poke branches/v1/start/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "hi" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/v1/start tags/end &&
+		echo "bye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "aye" >> tags/end/src/a/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "the end" &&
+		echo "byebye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "nothing to see here"
+	) &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+	                 "trunk/src/a:refs/remotes/trunk" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.branches \
+	                 "branches/*/*/src/a:refs/remotes/branches/*/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.tags\
+	                 "tags/*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/*" &&
+	git svn multi-fetch &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end | \
+	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.end &&
+	test_cmp expect.end output.end &&
+	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1`" = \
+		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start~2`" = \
+		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk`" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end@3
+	'
+
+echo try to try > expect.two
+echo nothing to see here >> expect.two
+cat expect.end >> expect.two
+
+test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.fetch trunk:refs/remotes/two/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.branches \
+	                 "branches/*/*:refs/remotes/two/branches/*/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.tags \
+	                 "tags/*:refs/remotes/two/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	git svn fetch two &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start~2` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk` &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start` &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end | \
+	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.two &&
+	test_cmp expect.two output.two
+	'
+cat > expect.four <<EOF
+adios
+adding more
+Changed 2 in v2/start
+Another versioned branch
+initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test another branch' '
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		mkdir branches/v2 &&
+		svn_cmd add branches/v2 &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/v2/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Another versioned branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo "hello" >> branches/v2/start/src/b/readme &&
+		poke branches/v2/start/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "howdy" >> branches/v2/start/src/a/readme &&
+		poke branches/v2/start/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Changed 2 in v2/start" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/v2/start tags/next &&
+		echo "bye" >> tags/next/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/next/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "aye" >> tags/next/src/a/readme &&
+		poke tags/next/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "adding more" &&
+		echo "byebye" >> tags/next/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/next/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "adios"
+	) &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.fetch trunk:refs/remotes/four/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.branches \
+	                 "branches/*/*:refs/remotes/four/branches/*/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.tags \
+	                 "tags/*:refs/remotes/four/tags/*" &&
+	git svn fetch four &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/four/tags/next | wc -l` -eq 5 &&
+	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start~2` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/trunk` &&
+	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/tags/next~2` = \
+	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start` &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/four/tags/next | \
+	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.four &&
+	test_cmp expect.four output.four
+	'
+
+echo "Only one set of wildcard directories" \
+     "(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: 'branches/*/t/*'" > expect.three
+echo "" >> expect.three
+
+test_expect_success 'test disallow multiple globs' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.fetch \
+	                 trunk:refs/remotes/three/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.branches \
+	                 "branches/*/t/*:refs/remotes/three/branches/*/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.tags \
+	                 "tags/*:refs/remotes/three/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git svn fetch three 2> stderr.three &&
+	test_cmp expect.three stderr.three
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh b/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
index 9db0d8fd8d..a06e4c5b8e 100755
--- a/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
@@ -3,49 +3,59 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-svn useSvmProps test'
+test_description='git svn useSvmProps test'
 
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'load svm repo' "
-	svnadmin load -q $rawsvnrepo < ../t9110/svm.dump &&
-	git-svn init -R arr -i bar $svnrepo/mirror/arr &&
-	git-svn init -R argh -i dir $svnrepo/mirror/argh &&
-	git-svn init -R argh -i e $svnrepo/mirror/argh/a/b/c/d/e &&
-	git-config svn.useSvmProps true &&
-	git-svn fetch --all
-	"
+test_expect_success 'load svm repo' '
+	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9110/svm.dump &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R arr -i bar "$svnrepo"/mirror/arr &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R argh -i dir "$svnrepo"/mirror/argh &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R argh -i e \
+	  "$svnrepo"/mirror/argh/a/b/c/d/e &&
+	git config svn.useSvmProps true &&
+	git svn fetch --all
+	'
 
 uuid=161ce429-a9dd-4828-af4a-52023f968c89
 
 bar_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/bar
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /bar' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
 	"
 
 e_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir/a/b/c/d/e
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir/a/b/c/d/e' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
 	"
 
 dir_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'find commit based on SVN revision number' "
+        git svn find-rev r12 |
+	    grep `git rev-parse HEAD`
+        "
+
+test_expect_success 'empty rebase' "
+	git svn rebase
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh b/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
index 483d7f8159..bd081c2ec3 100755
--- a/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
@@ -3,49 +3,49 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
 #
 
-test_description='git-svn useSvnsyncProps test'
+test_description='git svn useSvnsyncProps test'
 
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'load svnsync repo' "
-	svnadmin load -q $rawsvnrepo < ../t9111/svnsync.dump &&
-	git-svn init -R arr -i bar $svnrepo/bar &&
-	git-svn init -R argh -i dir $svnrepo/dir &&
-	git-svn init -R argh -i e $svnrepo/dir/a/b/c/d/e &&
-	git-config svn.useSvnsyncProps true &&
-	git-svn fetch --all
-	"
+test_expect_success 'load svnsync repo' '
+	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9111/svnsync.dump &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R arr -i bar "$svnrepo"/bar &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R argh -i dir "$svnrepo"/dir &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R argh -i e "$svnrepo"/dir/a/b/c/d/e &&
+	git config svn.useSvnsyncProps true &&
+	git svn fetch --all
+	'
 
 uuid=161ce429-a9dd-4828-af4a-52023f968c89
 
 bar_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/bar
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /bar' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
 	"
 
 e_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir/a/b/c/d/e
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir/a/b/c/d/e' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
 	"
 
 dir_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir' "
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
-	git-cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
-	   grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
+	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9111/svnsync.dump b/t/t9111/svnsync.dump
index a9a46eeb29..499fa9594f 100644
--- a/t/t9111/svnsync.dump
+++ b/t/t9111/svnsync.dump
@@ -558,5 +558,3 @@ Text-content-md5: 7abb78de7f2756ca8b511cbc879fd5e7
 Content-length: 4
 
 cba
-
-
diff --git a/t/t9112-git-svn-md5less-file.sh b/t/t9112-git-svn-md5less-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a61d6716d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9112-git-svn-md5less-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test that git handles an svn repository with missing md5sums'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# Loading a node from a svn dumpfile without a Text-Content-Length
+# field causes svn to neglect to store or report an md5sum.  (it will
+# calculate one if you had put Text-Content-Length: 0).  This showed
+# up in a repository creted with cvs2svn.
+
+cat > dumpfile.svn <<EOF
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 1
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 98
+Content-length: 98
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 0
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+test
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2007-05-06T12:37:01.153339Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: md5less-file
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile' 'svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" < dumpfile.svn'
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize git svn' 'git svn init "$svnrepo"'
+test_expect_success 'fetch revisions from svn' 'git svn fetch'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh b/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e8479cec7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+#
+
+# Don't run this test by default unless the user really wants it
+# I don't like the idea of taking a port and possibly leaving a
+# daemon running on a users system if the test fails.
+# Not all git users will need to interact with SVN.
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit new files over svn:// test'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+require_svnserve
+
+test_expect_success 'start tracking an empty repo' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "empty dir" "$svnrepo"/empty-dir &&
+	echo "[general]" > "$rawsvnrepo"/conf/svnserve.conf &&
+	echo anon-access = write >> "$rawsvnrepo"/conf/svnserve.conf &&
+	start_svnserve &&
+	git svn init svn://127.0.0.1:$SVNSERVE_PORT &&
+	git svn fetch
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'create files in new directory with dcommit' "
+	mkdir git-new-dir &&
+	echo hello > git-new-dir/world &&
+	git update-index --add git-new-dir/world &&
+	git commit -m hello &&
+	start_svnserve &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..84f7c9b4bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+# Based on a script by Joakim Tjernlund <joakim.tjernlund@transmode.se>
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit handles merges'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+big_text_block () {
+cat << EOF
+#
+# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2005
+# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
+#
+# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
+# project.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
+# the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
+# MA 02111-1307 USA
+#
+EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" mysvnwork &&
+	mkdir -p mysvnwork/trunk &&
+	cd mysvnwork &&
+		big_text_block >> trunk/README &&
+		svn_cmd add trunk &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "first commit" trunk &&
+		cd ..
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup git mirror and merge' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" -t tags -T trunk -b branches &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git checkout --track -b svn remotes/trunk &&
+	git checkout -b merge &&
+	echo new file > new_file &&
+	git add new_file &&
+	git commit -a -m "New file" &&
+	echo hello >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m "hello" &&
+	echo add some stuff >> new_file &&
+	git commit -a -m "add some stuff" &&
+	git checkout svn &&
+	mv -f README tmp &&
+	echo friend > README &&
+	cat tmp >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m "friend" &&
+	git pull . merge
+	'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all & sleep 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pre-merge ancestry' "
+	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2\` = \
+	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge\` &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ | grep '^friend$'
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn dcommit merges' "
+	git svn dcommit
+	"
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all & sleep 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify post-merge ancestry' "
+	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn\` = \
+	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/trunk \` &&
+	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2\` = \
+	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge\` &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ | grep '^friend$'
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge commit message' "
+	git rev-list --pretty=raw -1 refs/heads/svn | \
+	  grep \"    Merge branch 'merge' into svn\"
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9be7aefaee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit can commit renames of files with ugly names'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'load repository with strange names' '
+	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9115/funky-names.dump &&
+	start_httpd gtk+
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'init and fetch repository' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git reset --hard git-svn
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'create file in existing ugly and empty dir' '
+	mkdir "#{bad_directory_name}" &&
+	echo hi > "#{bad_directory_name}/ foo" &&
+	git update-index --add "#{bad_directory_name}/ foo" &&
+	git commit -m "new file in ugly parent" &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename ugly file' '
+	git mv "#{bad_directory_name}/ foo" "file name with feces" &&
+	git commit -m "rename ugly file" &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename pretty file' '
+	echo :x > pretty &&
+	git update-index --add pretty &&
+	git commit -m "pretty :x" &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	mkdir regular_dir_name &&
+	git mv pretty regular_dir_name/pretty &&
+	git commit -m "moved pretty file" &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename pretty file into ugly one' '
+	git mv regular_dir_name/pretty "#{bad_directory_name}/ booboo" &&
+	git commit -m booboo &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a file with plus signs' '
+	echo .. > +_+ &&
+	git update-index --add +_+ &&
+	git commit -m plus &&
+	mkdir gtk+ &&
+	git mv +_+ gtk+/_+_ &&
+	git commit -m plus_dir &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone the repository to test rebase' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" test-rebase &&
+	cd test-rebase &&
+		echo test-rebase > test-rebase &&
+		git add test-rebase &&
+		git commit -m test-rebase &&
+		cd ..
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'make a commit to test rebase' '
+		echo test-rebase-main > test-rebase-main &&
+		git add test-rebase-main &&
+		git commit -m test-rebase-main &&
+		git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn rebase works inside a fresh-cloned repository' '
+	cd test-rebase &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		test -e test-rebase-main &&
+		test -e test-rebase
+	'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9115/funky-names.dump b/t/t9115/funky-names.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42422f791e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9115/funky-names.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 819c44fe-2bcc-4066-88e4-985e2bc0b418
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2007-07-12T07:54:26.062914Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 152
+Content-length: 152
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 44
+what will those wacky people think of next?
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2007-07-12T08:00:05.011573Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path:  leading space
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path:  leading space file
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 5
+Text-content-md5: e4fa20c67542cdc21271e08d329397ab
+Content-length: 15
+
+PROPS-END
+ugly
+
+
+Node-path: #{bad_directory_name}
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: #{cool_name}
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 18
+Text-content-md5: 87dac40ca337dfa3dcc8911388c3ddda
+Content-length: 28
+
+PROPS-END
+strange name here
+
+
+Node-path: dir name with spaces
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: file name with spaces
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 7
+Text-content-md5: c1f10cfd640618484a2a475c11410fd3
+Content-length: 17
+
+PROPS-END
+spaces
+
+
+Node-path: regular_dir_name
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
diff --git a/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0374a7476b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn log tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository and import' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	cd import &&
+		for i in trunk branches/a branches/b \
+		         tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
+			mkdir -p $i && \
+			echo hello >> $i/README || exit 1
+		done && \
+		svn_cmd import -m test . "$svnrepo"
+		cd .. &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" -T trunk -b branches -t tags &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	echo bye >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m bye &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	git reset --hard a &&
+	echo why >> FEEDME &&
+	git update-index --add FEEDME &&
+	git commit -m feedme &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	echo aye >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m aye &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	git reset --hard b &&
+	echo spy >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m spy &&
+	echo try >> README &&
+	git commit -a -m try &&
+	git svn dcommit
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'run log' "
+	git reset --hard a &&
+	git svn log -r2 trunk | grep ^r2 &&
+	git svn log -r4 trunk | grep ^r4 &&
+	git svn log -r3 | grep ^r3
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'run log against a from trunk' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r3 a | grep ^r3
+	"
+
+printf 'r1 \nr2 \nr4 \n' > expected-range-r1-r2-r4
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 1:4 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r1-r2-r4 -
+	"
+
+printf 'r4 \nr2 \nr1 \n' > expected-range-r4-r2-r1
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 4:1 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r4-r2-r1 -
+	"
+
+printf 'r1 \nr2 \n' > expected-range-r1-r2
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with unreachable revision' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 1:3 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r1-r2 -
+	"
+
+printf 'r2 \nr1 \n' > expected-range-r2-r1
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range with unreachable revision' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 3:1 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r2-r1 -
+	"
+
+printf 'r2 \n' > expected-range-r2
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with unreachable upper boundary revision and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 2:3 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r2 -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range with unreachable upper boundary revision and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 3:2 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r2 -
+	"
+
+printf 'r4 \n' > expected-range-r4
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with unreachable lower boundary revision and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 3:4 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r4 -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range with unreachable lower boundary revision and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 4:3 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r4 -
+	"
+
+printf -- '------------------------------------------------------------------------\n' > expected-separator
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with unreachable boundary revisions and no commits' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 5:6 | test_cmp expected-separator -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range with unreachable boundary revisions and no commits' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 6:5 | test_cmp expected-separator -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with unreachable boundary revisions and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 3:5 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r4 -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test descending revision range with unreachable boundary revisions and 1 commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log -r 5:3 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r4 -
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b7ef9e2589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn init/clone tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# setup, run inside tmp so we don't have any conflicts with $svnrepo
+set -e
+rm -r .git
+mkdir tmp
+cd tmp
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
+	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo"/project &&
+	rm -rf project
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic clone' '
+	test ! -d trunk &&
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo"/project/trunk &&
+	test -d trunk/.git/svn &&
+	test -e trunk/foo &&
+	rm -rf trunk
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to target directory' '
+	test ! -d target &&
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo"/project/trunk target &&
+	test -d target/.git/svn &&
+	test -e target/foo &&
+	rm -rf target
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with --stdlayout' '
+	test ! -d project &&
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo"/project &&
+	test -d project/.git/svn &&
+	test -e project/foo &&
+	rm -rf project
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to target directory with --stdlayout' '
+	test ! -d target &&
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo"/project target &&
+	test -d target/.git/svn &&
+	test -e target/foo &&
+	rm -rf target
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ac52bff0ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn funky branch names'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# Abo-Uebernahme (Bug #994)
+scary_uri='Abo-Uebernahme%20%28Bug%20%23994%29'
+scary_ref='Abo-Uebernahme%20(Bug%20#994)'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
+	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
+	rm -rf project &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
+	                "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
+	                      "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/more fun plugin!" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "scary" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
+	              "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/$scary_uri" &&
+	start_httpd
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone with funky branch names' '
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo/pr ject" project &&
+	cd project &&
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/fun%20plugin" &&
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/more%20fun%20plugin!" &&
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/$scary_ref" &&
+	cd ..
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test dcommit to funky branch' "
+	cd project &&
+	git reset --hard 'refs/remotes/more%20fun%20plugin!' &&
+	echo hello >> foo &&
+	git commit -m 'hello' -- foo &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	cd ..
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test dcommit to scary branch' '
+	cd project &&
+	git reset --hard "refs/remotes/$scary_ref" &&
+	echo urls are scary >> foo &&
+	git commit -m "eep" -- foo &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	cd ..
+	'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..95741cbbac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 David D. Kilzer
+
+test_description='git svn info'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# Tested with: svn, version 1.4.4 (r25188)
+v=`svn_cmd --version | sed -n -e 's/^svn, version \(1\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/p'`
+case $v in
+1.[45].*)
+	;;
+*)
+	say "skipping svn-info test (SVN version: $v not supported)"
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+ptouch() {
+	perl -w -e '
+		use strict;
+		use POSIX qw(mktime);
+		die "ptouch requires exactly 2 arguments" if @ARGV != 2;
+		my $text_last_updated = shift @ARGV;
+		my $git_file = shift @ARGV;
+		die "\"$git_file\" does not exist" if ! -e $git_file;
+		if ($text_last_updated
+		    =~ /(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2}) (\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})/) {
+			my $mtime = mktime($6, $5, $4, $3, $2 - 1, $1 - 1900);
+			my $atime = $mtime;
+			utime $atime, $mtime, $git_file;
+		}
+	' "`svn_cmd info $2 | grep '^Text Last Updated:'`" "$1"
+}
+
+quoted_svnrepo="$(echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/')"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository and import' '
+	mkdir info &&
+	cd info &&
+		echo FIRST > A &&
+		echo one > file &&
+		ln -s file symlink-file &&
+		mkdir directory &&
+		touch directory/.placeholder &&
+		ln -s directory symlink-directory &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" svnwc &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		echo foo > foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "change outside directory" &&
+		svn_cmd update &&
+	cd .. &&
+	mkdir gitwc &&
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+		git svn fetch &&
+	cd .. &&
+	ptouch gitwc/file svnwc/file &&
+	ptouch gitwc/directory svnwc/directory &&
+	ptouch gitwc/symlink-file svnwc/symlink-file &&
+	ptouch gitwc/symlink-directory svnwc/symlink-directory
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info) > expected.info &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info) > actual.info &&
+	test_cmp expected.info actual.info
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info .' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info .) > expected.info-dot &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info .) > actual.info-dot &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-dot actual.info-dot
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url .' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url .)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info file' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info file) > expected.info-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) > actual.info-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-file actual.info-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url file' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url file)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info directory' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) > expected.info-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) > actual.info-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-directory actual.info-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info inside directory' "
+	(cd svnwc/directory; svn info) > expected.info-inside-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc/directory; git svn info) > actual.info-inside-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-inside-directory actual.info-inside-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url directory' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url directory)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/directory"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info symlink-file' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) > expected.info-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) > actual.info-symlink-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-symlink-file actual.info-symlink-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info symlink-directory' "
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) \
+		> expected.info-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) \
+		> actual.info-symlink-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-symlink-directory actual.info-symlink-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-directory"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info added-file' "
+	echo two > gitwc/added-file &&
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git add added-file &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cp gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
+	ptouch gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd add added-file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info added-file) > expected.info-added-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-file) > actual.info-added-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-added-file actual.info-added-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url added-file' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-file)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info added-directory' "
+	mkdir gitwc/added-directory svnwc/added-directory &&
+	ptouch gitwc/added-directory svnwc/added-directory &&
+	touch gitwc/added-directory/.placeholder &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd add added-directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git add added-directory &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info added-directory) \
+		> expected.info-added-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-directory) \
+		> actual.info-added-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-added-directory actual.info-added-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url added-directory' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-directory)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-directory"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-file' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		ln -s added-file added-symlink-file &&
+		git add added-symlink-file &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		ln -s added-file added-symlink-file &&
+		svn_cmd add added-symlink-file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-file svnwc/added-symlink-file &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-file) \
+		> expected.info-added-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-file) \
+		> actual.info-added-symlink-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-added-symlink-file \
+		 actual.info-added-symlink-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-file' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-symlink-file)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-symlink-file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-directory' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		ln -s added-directory added-symlink-directory &&
+		git add added-symlink-directory &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		ln -s added-directory added-symlink-directory &&
+		svn_cmd add added-symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-directory svnwc/added-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-directory) \
+		> expected.info-added-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-directory) \
+		> actual.info-added-symlink-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-added-symlink-directory \
+		 actual.info-added-symlink-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-directory' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-symlink-directory)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-symlink-directory"
+	'
+
+# The next few tests replace the "Text Last Updated" value with a
+# placeholder since git doesn't have a way to know the date that a
+# now-deleted file was last checked out locally.  Internally it
+# simply reuses the Last Changed Date.
+
+test_expect_success 'info deleted-file' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git rm -f file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info file) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> expected.info-deleted-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> actual.info-deleted-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-file actual.info-deleted-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url file (deleted)' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url file)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info deleted-directory' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git rm -r -f directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> expected.info-deleted-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> actual.info-deleted-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-directory actual.info-deleted-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url directory (deleted)' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url directory)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/directory"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-file' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git rm -f symlink-file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-file > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> expected.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		> actual.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-symlink-file \
+		 actual.info-deleted-symlink-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file (deleted)' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-file"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-directory' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		git rm -f symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	cd svnwc &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		 > expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) |
+	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
+		 > actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory \
+		 actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory (deleted)' '
+	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
+	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-directory"
+	'
+
+# NOTE: git does not have the concept of replaced objects,
+# so we can't test for files in that state.
+
+test_expect_success 'info unknown-file' "
+	echo two > gitwc/unknown-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-file) \
+		 2> actual.info-unknown-file &&
+	grep unknown-file actual.info-unknown-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-file' '
+	echo two > gitwc/unknown-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-file) \
+		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-file &&
+	grep unknown-file actual.info-url-unknown-file
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info unknown-directory' "
+	mkdir gitwc/unknown-directory svnwc/unknown-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-directory) \
+		 2> actual.info-unknown-directory &&
+	grep unknown-directory actual.info-unknown-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-directory' '
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-directory) \
+		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-directory &&
+	grep unknown-directory actual.info-url-unknown-directory
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info unknown-symlink-file' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		ln -s unknown-file unknown-symlink-file &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-file) \
+		 2> actual.info-unknown-symlink-file &&
+	grep unknown-symlink-file actual.info-unknown-symlink-file
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-symlink-file' '
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-file) \
+		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-file &&
+	grep unknown-symlink-file actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-file
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'info unknown-symlink-directory' "
+	cd gitwc &&
+		ln -s unknown-directory unknown-symlink-directory &&
+	cd .. &&
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-directory) \
+		 2> actual.info-unknown-symlink-directory &&
+	grep unknown-symlink-directory actual.info-unknown-symlink-directory
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-symlink-directory' '
+	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-directory) \
+		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-directory &&
+	grep unknown-symlink-directory actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-directory
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f159ab689b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Kevin Ballard
+#
+
+test_description='git svn clone with percent escapes'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
+	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
+	rm -rf project &&
+	start_httpd
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone with percent escapes' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" clone &&
+	cd clone &&
+		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9121-git-svn-fetch-renamed-dir.sh b/t/t9121-git-svn-fetch-renamed-dir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..000cad37c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9121-git-svn-fetch-renamed-dir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Santhosh Kumar Mani
+
+
+test_description='git svn can fetch renamed directories'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'load repository with renamed directory' '
+	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9121/renamed-dir.dump
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'init and fetch repository' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo/newname" &&
+	git svn fetch
+	'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t9121/renamed-dir.dump b/t/t9121/renamed-dir.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f9127be92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9121/renamed-dir.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 06b9b3ad-f546-4fbe-8328-fcb4e6ef5c3f
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-04-02T09:11:59.778557Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 117
+Content-length: 117
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 14
+initial import
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+santhosh
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-04-02T09:13:03.170863Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: name
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: name/a.txt
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 71
+Text-content-length: 6
+Text-content-md5: b1946ac92492d2347c6235b4d2611184
+Content-length: 77
+
+K 13
+svn:mime-type
+V 10
+text/plain
+K 13
+svn:eol-style
+V 2
+LF
+PROPS-END
+hello
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 109
+Content-length: 109
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 7
+renamed
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+santhosh
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-04-02T09:14:22.952186Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: newname
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: name
+
+
+Node-path: name
+Node-action: delete
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..30013b7bb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git svn authorship'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
+	(
+		cd work.svn &&
+		echo >file
+		svn_cmd add file
+		svn_cmd commit -m "first commit" file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interact with it via git svn' '
+	mkdir work.git &&
+	(
+		cd work.git &&
+		git svn init "$svnrepo"
+		git svn fetch &&
+
+		echo modification >file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -a -m second &&
+
+		test_tick &&
+		git svn dcommit &&
+
+		echo "further modification" >file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -a -m third &&
+
+		test_tick &&
+		git svn --add-author-from dcommit &&
+
+		echo "yet further modification" >file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -a -m fourth &&
+
+		test_tick &&
+		git svn --add-author-from --use-log-author dcommit &&
+
+		git log &&
+
+		git show -s HEAD^^ >../actual.2 &&
+		git show -s HEAD^  >../actual.3 &&
+		git show -s HEAD   >../actual.4
+
+	) &&
+
+	# Make sure that --add-author-from without --use-log-author
+	# did not affect the authorship information
+	myself=$(grep "^Author: " actual.2) &&
+	unaffected=$(grep "^Author: " actual.3) &&
+	test "z$myself" = "z$unaffected" &&
+
+	# Make sure lack of --add-author-from did not add cruft
+	! grep "^    From: A U Thor " actual.2 &&
+
+	# Make sure --add-author-from added cruft
+	grep "^    From: A U Thor " actual.3 &&
+	grep "^    From: A U Thor " actual.4 &&
+
+	# Make sure --add-author-from with --use-log-author affected
+	# the authorship information
+	grep "^Author: A U Thor " actual.4 &&
+
+	# Make sure there are no commit messages with excess blank lines
+	test $(grep "^ " actual.2 | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	test $(grep "^ " actual.3 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+	test $(grep "^ " actual.4 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+
+	# Make sure there are no svn commit messages with excess blank lines
+	(
+		cd work.svn &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		
+		test $(svn_cmd log -r2:2 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+		test $(svn_cmd log -r4:4 | wc -l) = 7
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..045521615c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Jan Krüger
+#
+
+test_description='git svn respects rewriteRoot during rebuild'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+mkdir import
+cd import
+	touch foo
+	svn_cmd import -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
+cd ..
+rm -rf import
+
+test_expect_success 'init, fetch and checkout repository' '
+	git svn init --rewrite-root=http://invalid.invalid/ "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch
+	git checkout -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn}
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove rev_map' '
+	rm "$GIT_SVN_DIR"/.rev_map.*
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebuild rev_map' '
+	git svn rebase >/dev/null
+	'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d6b076f6b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Brad King
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit honors auto-props'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+generate_auto_props() {
+cat << EOF
+[miscellany]
+enable-auto-props=$1
+[auto-props]
+*.sh  = svn:mime-type=application/x-shellscript; svn:eol-style=LF
+*.txt = svn:mime-type=text/plain; svn:eol-style = native
+EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize git svn' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	(
+		cd import &&
+		echo foo >foo &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf import &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo"
+	git svn fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'enable auto-props config' '
+	mkdir user &&
+	generate_auto_props yes >user/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add files matching auto-props' '
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >exec1.sh &&
+	chmod +x exec1.sh &&
+	echo "hello" >hello.txt &&
+	echo bar >bar &&
+	git add exec1.sh hello.txt bar &&
+	git commit -m "files for enabled auto-props" &&
+	git svn dcommit --config-dir=user
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disable auto-props config' '
+	generate_auto_props no >user/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add files matching disabled auto-props' '
+	echo "#$SHELL_PATH" >exec2.sh &&
+	chmod +x exec2.sh &&
+	echo "world" >world.txt &&
+	echo zot >zot &&
+	git add exec2.sh world.txt zot &&
+	git commit -m "files for disabled auto-props" &&
+	git svn dcommit --config-dir=user
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check resulting svn repository' '
+(
+	mkdir work &&
+	cd work &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" &&
+	cd svnrepo &&
+
+	# Check properties from first commit.
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec1.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec1.sh)" = \
+	     "xapplication/x-shellscript" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type hello.txt)" = "xtext/plain" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style hello.txt)" = "xnative" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type bar)" = "x" &&
+
+	# Check properties from second commit.
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec2.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec2.sh)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type world.txt)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style world.txt)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type zot)" = "x"
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check renamed file' '
+	test -d user &&
+	generate_auto_props yes > user/config &&
+	git mv foo foo.sh &&
+	git commit -m "foo => foo.sh" &&
+	git svn dcommit --config-dir=user &&
+	(
+		cd work/svnrepo &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		test ! -e foo &&
+		test -e foo.sh &&
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type foo.sh)" = \
+		     "xapplication/x-shellscript" &&
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style foo.sh)" = "xLF"
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh b/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c19418614f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Marcus Griep
+
+test_description='git svn multi-glob branch names'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches \
+			project/branches/v14.1 project/tags &&
+	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/project" &&
+	rm -rf project &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+	                "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/beta" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/beta" \
+	                      "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/gold"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone with multi-glob in branch names' '
+	git svn clone -T trunk -b branches/*/* -t tags \
+	              "$svnrepo/project" project &&
+	cd project &&
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/v14.1/beta" &&
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/v14.1/gold" &&
+	cd ..
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test dcommit to multi-globbed branch' "
+	cd project &&
+	git reset --hard 'refs/remotes/v14.1/gold' &&
+	echo hello >> foo &&
+	git commit -m 'hello' -- foo &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	cd ..
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9126-git-svn-follow-deleted-readded-directory.sh b/t/t9126-git-svn-follow-deleted-readded-directory.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..edec640e97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9126-git-svn-follow-deleted-readded-directory.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Alec Berryman
+
+test_description='git svn fetch repository with deleted and readded directory'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# Don't run this by default; it opens up a port.
+require_svnserve
+
+test_expect_success 'load repository' '
+    svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9126/follow-deleted-readded.dump
+    '
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch repository' '
+    start_svnserve &&
+    git svn init svn://127.0.0.1:$SVNSERVE_PORT &&
+    git svn fetch
+    '
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9126/follow-deleted-readded.dump b/t/t9126/follow-deleted-readded.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19da5d1ddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9126/follow-deleted-readded.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 1807dc6f-c693-4cda-9710-00e1be8c1f21
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:13.006748Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 12
+Create trunk
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:13.239689Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 119
+Content-length: 119
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+Create trunk/project
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:13.548860Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 12
+add new file
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:15.433630Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project/foo
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 4
+Text-content-md5: d3b07384d113edec49eaa6238ad5ff00
+Content-length: 14
+
+PROPS-END
+foo
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 116
+Content-length: 116
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 17
+change foo to bar
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:17.339884Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project/foo
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 4
+Text-content-md5: c157a79031e1c40f85931829bc5fc552
+Content-length: 4
+
+bar
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 114
+Content-length: 114
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 15
+don't like that
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:19.335001Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project
+Node-action: delete
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 110
+Content-length: 110
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 11
+reset trunk
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:19.845897Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 4
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk/project
+
+
+Revision-number: 7
+Prop-content-length: 113
+Content-length: 113
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 14
+change to quux
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+alec
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-09-14T19:53:21.367947Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/project/foo
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 5
+Text-content-md5: d3b07a382ec010c01889250fce66fb13
+Content-length: 5
+
+quux
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh b/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4aab8ecc14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Deskin Miller
+#
+
+test_description='git svn partial-rebuild tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize svnrepo' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	(
+		cd import &&
+		mkdir trunk branches tags &&
+		cd trunk &&
+		echo foo > foo &&
+		cd .. &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd copy "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/a \
+			-m "created branch a" &&
+		cd .. &&
+		rm -rf import &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+		cd trunk &&
+		echo bar >> foo &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated trunk" &&
+		cd .. &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/branches/a a &&
+		cd a &&
+		echo baz >> a &&
+		svn_cmd add a &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated a" &&
+		cd .. &&
+		git svn init --stdlayout "$svnrepo"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import an early SVN revision into git' '
+	git svn fetch -r1:2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make full git mirror of SVN' '
+	mkdir mirror &&
+	(
+		cd mirror &&
+		git init &&
+		git svn init --stdlayout "$svnrepo" &&
+		git svn fetch &&
+		cd ..
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch from git mirror and partial-rebuild' '
+	git config --add remote.origin.url "file://$PWD/mirror/.git" &&
+	git config --add remote.origin.fetch refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/* &&
+	git fetch origin &&
+	git svn fetch
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh b/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..807e494a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Deskin Miller
+#
+
+test_description='git svn partial-rebuild tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize svnrepo' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	(
+		cd import &&
+		mkdir trunk branches tags &&
+		cd trunk &&
+		echo foo > foo &&
+		cd .. &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
+		cd .. &&
+		rm -rf import &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+		cd trunk &&
+		echo bar >> foo &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated trunk" &&
+		cd .. &&
+		rm -rf trunk
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import into git' '
+	git svn init --stdlayout "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git checkout remotes/trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn branch tests' '
+	git svn branch a &&
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD:) &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/a:) &&
+	git svn branch -m "created branch b blah" b &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/b:) &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -m "no branchname" &&
+	git svn branch -n c &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse remotes/c &&
+	test_must_fail git svn branch a &&
+	git svn branch -t tag1 &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/tags/tag1:) &&
+	git svn branch --tag tag2 &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/tags/tag2:) &&
+	git svn tag tag3 &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/tags/tag3:) &&
+	git svn tag -m "created tag4 foo" tag4 &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/tags/tag4:) &&
+	test_must_fail git svn tag -m "no tagname" &&
+	git svn tag -n tag5 &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse remotes/tags/tag5 &&
+	test_must_fail git svn tag tag1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch uses correct svn-remote' '
+	(svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" svn &&
+	cd svn &&
+	mkdir mirror &&
+	svn_cmd add mirror &&
+	svn_cmd copy trunk mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd copy tags mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd copy branches mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd ci -m "made mirror" ) &&
+	rm -rf svn &&
+	git svn init -s -R mirror --prefix=mirror/ "$svnrepo"/mirror &&
+	git svn fetch -R mirror &&
+	git checkout mirror/trunk &&
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD:) &&
+	git svn branch -m "branch in mirror" d &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/mirror/d:) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse remotes/d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b9224bdb20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Eric Wong
+
+test_description='git svn honors i18n.commitEncoding in config'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+compare_git_head_with () {
+	nr=`wc -l < "$1"`
+	a=7
+	b=$(($a + $nr - 1))
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "$a,${b}p" >current &&
+	test_cmp current "$1"
+}
+
+compare_svn_head_with () {
+	# extract just the log message and strip out committer info.
+	# don't use --limit here since svn 1.1.x doesn't have it,
+	LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 svn log `git svn info --url` | perl -w -e '
+		use bytes;
+		$/ = ("-"x72) . "\n";
+		my @x = <STDIN>;
+		@x = split(/\n/, $x[1]);
+		splice(@x, 0, 2);
+		$x[-1] = "";
+		print join("\n", @x);
+	' > current &&
+	test_cmp current "$1"
+}
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
+		mkdir $H &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "$H test" $H "$svnrepo"/$H &&
+		git svn clone "$svnrepo"/$H $H
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H commit on git side" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
+		git checkout -b t refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+		echo $H >F &&
+		git add F &&
+		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		test "z$E" = "z$H"
+		compare_git_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H dcommit to svn" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git svn dcommit &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | grep git-svn-id: &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		test "z$E" = "z$H" &&
+		compare_git_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+if locale -a |grep -q en_US.utf8; then
+	test_set_prereq UTF8
+else
+	say "UTF-8 locale not available, test skipped"
+fi
+
+test_expect_success UTF8 'ISO-8859-1 should match UTF-8 in svn' '
+	(
+		cd ISO8859-1 &&
+		compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
+	)
+'
+
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
+do
+	test_expect_success UTF8 "$H should match UTF-8 in svn" '
+		(
+			cd $H &&
+			compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
+		)
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f5abdb3c7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn authors file tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+cat > svn-authors <<EOF
+aa = AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example.com>
+bb = BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	for i in aa bb cc dd
+	do
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m $i --username $i "$svnrepo"/$i
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'start import with incomplete authors file' '
+	! git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'imported 2 revisions successfully' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 2 &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+cat >> svn-authors <<EOF
+cc = CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example.com>
+dd = DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'continues to import once authors have been added' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 4 &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-file against globs' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m globs --username aa \
+	  "$svnrepo"/aa/trunk "$svnrepo"/aa/branches "$svnrepo"/aa/tags &&
+	git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors -s "$svnrepo"/aa aa-work &&
+	for i in bb ee cc
+	do
+		branch="aa/branches/$i"
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m "$branch" --username $i "$svnrepo/$branch"
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch fails on ee' '
+	( cd aa-work && ! git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors )
+	'
+
+tmp_config_get () {
+	GIT_CONFIG=.git/svn/.metadata git config --get "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'failure happened without negative side effects' '
+	(
+		cd aa-work &&
+		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
+		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+	)
+	'
+
+cat >> svn-authors <<EOF
+ee = EEEEEEE EEEEEEE <ee@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch continues after authors-file is fixed' '
+	(
+		cd aa-work &&
+		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
+		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
+		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+	)
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9a24a65b64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test that git handles an svn repository with empty symlinks'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile' '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" <<EOF
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 60780f9a-7df5-43b4-83ab-60e2c0673ef7
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:17:27.590577Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+test
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:18:03.511836Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 33
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 33
+
+K 11
+svn:special
+V 1
+*
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+bar => doink
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-27T03:55:31.601672Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 10
+Text-content-md5: 92ca4fe7a9721f877f765c252dcd66c9
+Content-length: 10
+
+link doink
+
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
+test_expect_success 'enable broken symlink workaround' \
+  '(cd x && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround true)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f x/bar && ! test -s x/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd x && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" becomes a symlink' 'test -L x/bar'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" y'
+test_expect_success 'disable broken symlink workaround' \
+  '(cd y && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround false)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f y/bar && ! test -s y/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd y && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L y/bar'
+
+# svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround is unset
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" z'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f z/bar && ! test -s z/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd z && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L z/bar'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6c4c90b036
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test that git handles an svn repository with empty symlinks'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile' '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" <<EOF
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 60780f9a-7df5-43b4-83ab-60e2c0673ef7
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:17:27.590577Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+test
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:18:03.511836Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 33
+Text-content-length: 4
+Text-content-md5: 912ec803b2ce49e4a541068d495ab570
+Content-length: 37
+
+K 11
+svn:special
+V 1
+*
+PROPS-END
+asdf
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+bar => doink
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-27T03:55:31.601672Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 10
+Text-content-md5: 92ca4fe7a9721f877f765c252dcd66c9
+Content-length: 10
+
+link doink
+
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" is a symlink that points to "asdf"' '
+	test -L x/bar &&
+	(cd x && test xasdf = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' '
+	(cd x && git svn rebase)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" remains a proper symlink' '
+	test -L x/bar &&
+	(cd x && test xdoink = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh b/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f3c30e63b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn property tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with a git repo inside it' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		git init &&
+		test -f .git/HEAD &&
+		> .git/a &&
+		echo a > a &&
+		svn_cmd add .git a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create a nested git repo" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo hi >> .git/a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify .git/a" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone an SVN repo containing a git repo' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" g &&
+	echo a > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect g/a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change outside of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo b >> a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change outside of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change outside of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m "add a inside an SVN repo" &&
+		git log &&
+		svn_cmd add --force .git &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo c >> a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m "add a inside an SVN repo" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		echo c >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..09ff10cd9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Vitaly Shukela
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn property tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		mkdir qqq www &&
+		echo test_qqq > qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		echo test_www > www/test_www.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add qqq &&
+		svn_cmd add www &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create some files" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo hi >> www/test_www.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone an SVN repository with ignored www directory' '
+	git svn clone --ignore-paths="^www" "$svnrepo" g &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in g/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init+fetch an SVN repository with ignored www directory' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" c &&
+	( cd c && git svn fetch --ignore-paths="^www" ) &&
+	rm expect2 &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in c/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify ignore-paths config saved by clone' '
+	(
+	    cd g &&
+	    git config --get svn-remote.svn.ignore-paths | fgrep "www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change outside of www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo b >> qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change outside of www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change outside of www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of ignored www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of ignored www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt
+		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..03705fa4ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test moved svn branch with missing empty files'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile'  '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" < "${TEST_DIRECTORY}/t9135/svn.dump"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_expect_success 'test that b1 exists and is empty' '
+	(cd x && test -f b1 && ! test -s b1)
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9135/svn.dump b/t/t9135/svn.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b51c0ccceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9135/svn.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 1f80e919-e9e3-4d80-a3ae-d9f21095e27b
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:16.424027Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 123
+Content-length: 123
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+init standard layout
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:17.195072Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 18
+branch-b off trunk
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:19.160095Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-b
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+Prop-content-length: 34
+Content-length: 34
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 0
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 120
+Content-length: 120
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 17
+add empty file b1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:20.194568Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-b/b1
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 110
+Content-length: 110
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 8
+branch-c
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.169100Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 3
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 126
+Content-length: 126
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 23
+oops, wrong branchpoint
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.253557Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-action: delete
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 127
+Content-length: 127
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 24
+branch-c off of branch-b
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.314659Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 5
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/branch-b
+Prop-content-length: 34
+Content-length: 34
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 0
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh b/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..733d16e0b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test recreated svn branch with empty files'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile'  '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" < "${TEST_DIRECTORY}/t9136/svn.dump"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9136/svn.dump b/t/t9136/svn.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b1ce0b2e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9136/svn.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: eecae021-8f16-48da-969d-79beb8ae6ea5
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:56.292890Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 106
+Content-length: 106
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+init
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:57.192384Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: tags
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/file
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 105
+Content-length: 105
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 3
+1.0
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.124724Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 9
+1.0.1-bad
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.151727Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 2
+Node-copyfrom-path: tags/1.0
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 9
+Wrong tag
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.167427Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-action: delete
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 113
+Content-length: 113
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 10
+1.0-branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.184498Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/1.0
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 4
+Node-copyfrom-path: tags/1.0
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 113
+Content-length: 113
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 10
+1.0.1-good
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.200695Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 5
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/1.0
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..636ca0abb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Eric Wong
+test_description='git svn dcommit clobber series'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	cd import &&
+	awk "BEGIN { for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) { print i } }" > file
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	test -e file
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '(supposedly) non-conflicting change from SVN' '
+	test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x58 &&
+	test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x61 &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	cd tmp &&
+		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^58$/5588/" file &&
+		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^61$/6611/" file &&
+		poke file &&
+		test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x5588 &&
+		test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x6611 &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "58 => 5588, 61 => 6611" &&
+		cd ..
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'some unrelated changes to git' "
+	echo hi > life &&
+	git update-index --add life &&
+	git commit -m hi-life &&
+	echo bye >> life &&
+	git commit -m bye-life life
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'change file but in unrelated area' "
+	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4 &&
+	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7 &&
+	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^4\$/4444/' file &&
+	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^7\$/7777/' file &&
+	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
+	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
+	git commit -m '4 => 4444, 7 => 7777' file &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	svn_cmd up tmp &&
+	cd tmp &&
+		test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
+		test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
+		test x\"\`sed -n -e 58p < file\`\" = x5588 &&
+		test x\"\`sed -n -e 61p < file\`\" = x6611
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'attempt to dcommit with a dirty index' '
+	echo foo >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git svn dcommit
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a4b00f2a3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong, Mark Lodato
+#
+
+test_description='git svn authors prog tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+cat > svn-authors-prog <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+$_ = shift;
+if (s/-sub$//)  {
+	print "$_ <$_\@sub.example.com>\n";
+}
+else {
+	print "$_ <$_\@example.com>\n";
+}
+EOF
+chmod +x svn-authors-prog
+
+cat > svn-authors <<'EOF'
+ff = FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other.example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	for i in aa bb cc-sub dd-sub ee-foo ff
+	do
+		svn mkdir -m $i --username $i "$svnrepo"/$i
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'import authors with prog and file' '
+	git svn clone --authors-prog=./svn-authors-prog \
+	    --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'imported 6 revisions successfully' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 6
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-prog ran correctly' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author ee-foo <ee-foo@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~2 | \
+		  grep "^author dd <dd@sub\.example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~3 | \
+		  grep "^author cc <cc@sub\.example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~4 | \
+		  grep "^author bb <bb@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~5 | \
+		  grep "^author aa <aa@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-file overrode authors-prog' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other\.example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f337959ccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+
+test_description='git svn refuses to dcommit non-UTF8 messages'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# ISO-2022-JP can pass for valid UTF-8, so skipping that in this test
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
+		mkdir $H &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "$H test" $H "$svnrepo"/$H &&
+		git svn clone "$svnrepo"/$H $H
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H commit on git side" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
+		git checkout -b t refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+		echo $H >F &&
+		git add F &&
+		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		test "z$E" = "z$H"
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H dcommit to svn" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+		! git svn dcommit
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0735526d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Ben Jackson
+#
+
+test_description='git svn reset'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		mkdir vis &&
+		echo always visible > vis/vis.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add vis &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create visible files" &&
+		mkdir hid &&
+		echo initially hidden > hid/hid.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add hid &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create initially hidden files" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo mod >> vis/vis.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify vis" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone SVN repository with hidden directory' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" g &&
+	( cd g && git svn fetch --ignore-paths="^hid" )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify hidden file in SVN repo' '
+	( cd s &&
+	  echo mod hidden >> hid/hid.txt &&
+	  svn_cmd commit -m "modify hid" &&
+	  svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch fails on modified hidden file' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect &&
+	  ! git svn fetch 2> ../errors &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect2 ) &&
+	fgrep "not found in commit" errors &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset unwinds back to r1' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn reset -r1 &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect2 ) &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refetch succeeds not ignoring any files' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn fetch &&
+	  git svn rebase &&
+	  fgrep "mod hidden" hid/hid.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh b/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3cd06718eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Marc Branchaud
+#
+
+test_description='git svn multiple branch and tag paths in the svn repo'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir	project \
+		project/trunk \
+		project/b_one \
+		project/b_two \
+		project/tags_A \
+		project/tags_B &&
+	echo 1 > project/trunk/a.file &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/project" &&
+	rm -rf project &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 1" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				 "$svnrepo/project/b_one/first" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 1" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+			      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/1.0" &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo/project" svn_project &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		echo 2 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 1" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 2" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_one/second" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 2" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/2.0" &&
+		echo 3 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 2" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 3" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_two/1" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 3" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/3.0" &&
+		echo 4 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 3" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 4" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_two/2" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 4" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/4.0" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo 5 > b_one/first/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 4" b_one/first/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 5" "$svnrepo/project/b_one/first" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v5" &&
+		echo 6 > b_one/second/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 5" b_one/second/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 6" "$svnrepo/project/b_one/second" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v6" &&
+		echo 7 > b_two/1/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 6" b_two/1/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 7" "$svnrepo/project/b_two/1" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v7" &&
+		echo 8 > b_two/2/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 7" b_two/2/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 8" "$svnrepo/project/b_two/2" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v8"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone multiple branch and tag paths' '
+	git svn clone -T trunk \
+		      -b b_one/* --branches b_two/* \
+		      -t tags_A/* --tags tags_B \
+		      "$svnrepo/project" git_project &&
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/first &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/second &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/1 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/2 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/1.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/2.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/3.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/4.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v5 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v6 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v7 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v8
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Multiple branch or tag paths require -d' '
+	( cd git_project &&
+		test_must_fail git svn branch -m "No new branch" Nope &&
+		test_must_fail git svn tag -m "No new tag" Tagless &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/Tagless
+	) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		test_must_fail test -d b_one/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail test -d b_two/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail test -d tags_A/Tagless &&
+		test_must_fail test -d tags_B/Tagless
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create new branches and tags' '
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -m "New branch 1" -d b_one New1 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e b_one/New1/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -m "New branch 2" -d b_two New2 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e b_two/New2/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -t -m "New tag 1" -d tags_A Tag1 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e tags_A/Tag1/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn tag -m "New tag 2" -d tags_B Tag2 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e tags_B/Tag2/a.file )
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fd5ad49471
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn shallow clone'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "create standard layout" \
+	  "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches "$svnrepo"/tags &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "branch off trunk" \
+	  "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/a &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/branches/a &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		> foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "add foo"
+	)
+'
+
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'clone trunk with "-r HEAD"' '
+	git svn clone -r HEAD "$svnrepo/trunk" g &&
+	( cd g && git rev-parse --symbolic --verify HEAD )
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
index 4efa0c926c..fc3795dc98 100755
--- a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
+++ b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
@@ -2,16 +2,20 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) Robin Rosenberg
 #
-test_description='CVS export comit. '
+test_description='Test export of commits to CVS'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsexportcommit tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-cvsexportcommit tests, cvs not found' :
+    say 'skipping git cvsexportcommit tests, cvs not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
 
 CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
@@ -28,13 +32,25 @@ git add empty &&
 git commit -q -a -m "Initial" 2>/dev/null ||
 exit 1
 
+check_entries () {
+	# $1 == directory, $2 == expected
+	grep '^/' "$1/CVS/Entries" | sort | cut -d/ -f2,3,5 >actual
+	if test -z "$2"
+	then
+		>expected
+	else
+		printf '%s\n' "$2" | tr '|' '\012' >expected
+	fi
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
 test_expect_success \
     'New file' \
     'mkdir A B C D E F &&
      echo hello1 >A/newfile1.txt &&
      echo hello2 >B/newfile2.txt &&
-     cp ../test9200a.png C/newfile3.png &&
-     cp ../test9200a.png D/newfile4.png &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png C/newfile3.png &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png D/newfile4.png &&
      git add A/newfile1.txt &&
      git add B/newfile2.txt &&
      git add C/newfile3.png &&
@@ -43,10 +59,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
      (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort A/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile1.txt/1.1/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort B/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile2.txt/1.1/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort C/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile3.png/1.1/-kb" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort D/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile4.png/1.1/-kb" &&
+     check_entries A "newfile1.txt/1.1/" &&
+     check_entries B "newfile2.txt/1.1/" &&
+     check_entries C "newfile3.png/1.1/-kb" &&
+     check_entries D "newfile4.png/1.1/-kb" &&
      diff A/newfile1.txt ../A/newfile1.txt &&
      diff B/newfile2.txt ../B/newfile2.txt &&
      diff C/newfile3.png ../C/newfile3.png &&
@@ -59,27 +75,27 @@ test_expect_success \
      rm -f B/newfile2.txt &&
      rm -f C/newfile3.png &&
      echo Hello5  >E/newfile5.txt &&
-     cp ../test9200b.png D/newfile4.png &&
-     cp ../test9200a.png F/newfile6.png &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200b.png D/newfile4.png &&
+     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png F/newfile6.png &&
      git add E/newfile5.txt &&
      git add F/newfile6.png &&
      git commit -a -m "Test: Remove, add and update" &&
      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
      (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort A/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile1.txt/1.2/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort B/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort C/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort D/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile4.png/1.2/-kb" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort E/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort F/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
+     check_entries A "newfile1.txt/1.2/" &&
+     check_entries B "" &&
+     check_entries C "" &&
+     check_entries D "newfile4.png/1.2/-kb" &&
+     check_entries E "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
+     check_entries F "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
      diff A/newfile1.txt ../A/newfile1.txt &&
      diff D/newfile4.png ../D/newfile4.png &&
      diff E/newfile5.txt ../E/newfile5.txt &&
      diff F/newfile6.png ../F/newfile6.png
      )'
 
-# Should fail (but only on the git-cvsexportcommit stage)
+# Should fail (but only on the git cvsexportcommit stage)
 test_expect_success \
     'Fail to change binary more than one generation old' \
     'cat F/newfile6.png >>D/newfile4.png &&
@@ -88,7 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      git commit -a -m "generation 2" &&
      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
      (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-     ! git cvsexportcommit -c $id
+     test_must_fail git cvsexportcommit -c $id
      )'
 
 #test_expect_success \
@@ -100,7 +116,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 #     git commit -a -m "generation 3" &&
 #     id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
 #     (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-#     ! git cvsexportcommit -c $id
+#     test_must_fail git cvsexportcommit -c $id
 #     )'
 
 # We reuse the state from two tests back here
@@ -115,12 +131,12 @@ test_expect_success \
      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
      (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort A/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile1.txt/1.2/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort B/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort C/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort D/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort E/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort F/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
+     check_entries A "newfile1.txt/1.2/" &&
+     check_entries B "" &&
+     check_entries C "" &&
+     check_entries D "" &&
+     check_entries E "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
+     check_entries F "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
      diff A/newfile1.txt ../A/newfile1.txt &&
      diff E/newfile5.txt ../E/newfile5.txt &&
      diff F/newfile6.png ../F/newfile6.png
@@ -133,12 +149,12 @@ test_expect_success \
      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
      (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort A/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort B/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort C/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort D/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort E/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
-     test "$(echo $(sort F/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
+     check_entries A "" &&
+     check_entries B "" &&
+     check_entries C "" &&
+     check_entries D "" &&
+     check_entries E "newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
+     check_entries F "newfile6.png/1.1/-kb" &&
      diff E/newfile5.txt ../E/newfile5.txt &&
      diff F/newfile6.png ../F/newfile6.png
      )'
@@ -148,25 +164,25 @@ test_expect_success \
      'mkdir "G g" &&
       echo ok then >"G g/with spaces.txt" &&
       git add "G g/with spaces.txt" && \
-      cp ../test9200a.png "G g/with spaces.png" && \
+      cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png "G g/with spaces.png" && \
       git add "G g/with spaces.png" &&
       git commit -a -m "With spaces" &&
       id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git-cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
-      test "$(echo $(sort "G g/CVS/Entries"|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "with spaces.png/1.1/-kb with spaces.txt/1.1/"
+      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
+      check_entries "G g" "with spaces.png/1.1/-kb|with spaces.txt/1.1/"
       )'
 
 test_expect_success \
      'Update file with spaces in file name' \
      'echo Ok then >>"G g/with spaces.txt" &&
-      cat ../test9200a.png >>"G g/with spaces.png" && \
+      cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png >>"G g/with spaces.png" && \
       git add "G g/with spaces.png" &&
       git commit -a -m "Update with spaces" &&
       id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git-cvsexportcommit -c $id
-      test "$(echo $(sort "G g/CVS/Entries"|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "with spaces.png/1.2/-kb with spaces.txt/1.2/"
+      git cvsexportcommit -c $id
+      check_entries "G g" "with spaces.png/1.2/-kb|with spaces.txt/1.2/"
       )'
 
 # Some filesystems mangle pathnames with UTF-8 characters --
@@ -185,13 +201,15 @@ test_expect_success \
      'mkdir -p Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö &&
       echo Foo >Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.txt &&
       git add Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.txt &&
-      cp ../test9200a.png Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.png &&
+      cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test9200a.png Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.png &&
       git add Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.png &&
       git commit -a -m "Går det så går det" && \
       id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git-cvsexportcommit -v -c $id &&
-      test "$(echo $(sort Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "gårdetsågårdet.png/1.1/-kb gårdetsågårdet.txt/1.1/"
+      git cvsexportcommit -v -c $id &&
+      check_entries \
+      "Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö" \
+      "gårdetsågårdet.png/1.1/-kb|gårdetsågårdet.txt/1.1/"
       )'
 
 fi
@@ -208,14 +226,15 @@ test_expect_success \
       git commit -a -m "Update two" &&
       id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      ! git-cvsexportcommit -c $id
+      test_must_fail git cvsexportcommit -c $id
       )'
 
-case "$(git repo-config --bool core.filemode)" in
-false)
-	;;
-*)
-test_expect_success \
+if ! test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE \
      'Retain execute bit' \
      'mkdir G &&
       echo executeon >G/on &&
@@ -225,11 +244,98 @@ test_expect_success \
       git add G/off &&
       git commit -a -m "Execute test" &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git-cvsexportcommit -c HEAD
+      git cvsexportcommit -c HEAD
       test -x G/on &&
       ! test -x G/off
       )'
-	;;
-esac
+
+test_expect_success '-w option should work with relative GIT_DIR' '
+      mkdir W &&
+      echo foobar >W/file1.txt &&
+      echo bazzle >W/file2.txt &&
+      git add W/file1.txt &&
+      git add W/file2.txt &&
+      git commit -m "More updates" &&
+      id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
+      (cd "$GIT_DIR" &&
+      GIT_DIR=. git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c $id &&
+      check_entries "$CVSWORK/W" "file1.txt/1.1/|file2.txt/1.1/" &&
+      test_cmp "$CVSWORK/W/file1.txt" ../W/file1.txt &&
+      test_cmp "$CVSWORK/W/file2.txt" ../W/file2.txt
+      )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check files before directories' '
+
+	echo Notes > release-notes &&
+	git add release-notes &&
+	git commit -m "Add release notes" release-notes &&
+	id=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c $id &&
+
+	echo new > DS &&
+	echo new > E/DS &&
+	echo modified > release-notes &&
+	git add DS E/DS release-notes &&
+	git commit -m "Add two files with the same basename" &&
+	id=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c $id &&
+	check_entries "$CVSWORK/E" "DS/1.1/|newfile5.txt/1.1/" &&
+	check_entries "$CVSWORK" "DS/1.1/|release-notes/1.2/" &&
+	test_cmp "$CVSWORK/DS" DS &&
+	test_cmp "$CVSWORK/E/DS" E/DS &&
+	test_cmp "$CVSWORK/release-notes" release-notes
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-commit a removed filename which remains in CVS attic' '
+
+    (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
+     echo >attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q add attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q ci -m "added attic_gremlin" &&
+     rm attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q rm attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q ci -m "removed attic_gremlin") &&
+
+    echo > attic_gremlin &&
+    git add attic_gremlin &&
+    git commit -m "Added attic_gremlin" &&
+	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c HEAD &&
+    (cd "$CVSWORK"; cvs -Q update -d) &&
+    test -f "$CVSWORK/attic_gremlin"
+'
+
+# the state of the CVS sandbox may be indeterminate for ' space'
+# after this test on some platforms / with some versions of CVS
+# consider adding new tests above this point
+test_expect_success 'commit a file with leading spaces in the name' '
+
+	echo space > " space" &&
+	git add " space" &&
+	git commit -m "Add a file with a leading space" &&
+	id=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c $id &&
+	check_entries "$CVSWORK" " space/1.1/|DS/1.1/|attic_gremlin/1.3/|release-notes/1.2/" &&
+	test_cmp "$CVSWORK/ space" " space"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use the same checkout for Git and CVS' '
+
+	(mkdir shared &&
+	 cd shared &&
+	 unset GIT_DIR &&
+	 cvs co . &&
+	 git init &&
+	 git add " space" &&
+	 git commit -m "fake initial commit" &&
+	 echo Hello >> " space" &&
+	 git commit -m "Another change" " space" &&
+	 git cvsexportcommit -W -p -u -c HEAD &&
+	 grep Hello " space" &&
+	 git diff-files)
+
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index 8e958da536..821be7ce8d 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Shawn Pearce
 #
 
-test_description='test git-fast-import utility'
+test_description='test git fast-import utility'
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. ../diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
 file2_data='file2
 second line of EOF'
@@ -56,14 +56,20 @@ M 644 :2 file2
 M 644 :3 file3
 M 755 :4 file4
 
+tag series-A
+from :5
+data <<EOF
+An annotated tag without a tagger
+EOF
+
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'A: create pack from stdin' \
-    'git-fast-import --export-marks=marks.out <input &&
-	 git-whatchanged master'
+    'git fast-import --export-marks=marks.out <input &&
+	 git whatchanged master'
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
@@ -73,8 +79,8 @@ initial
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify commit' \
-	'git-cat-file commit master | sed 1d >actual &&
-	git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file commit master | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 100644 blob file2
@@ -83,41 +89,82 @@ cat >expect <<EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify tree' \
-	'git-cat-file -p master^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file -p master^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 echo "$file2_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify file2' \
-	'git-cat-file blob master:file2 >actual && git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob master:file2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
 
 echo "$file3_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify file3' \
-	'git-cat-file blob master:file3 >actual && git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob master:file3 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
 
 printf "$file4_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify file4' \
-	'git-cat-file blob master:file4 >actual && git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob master:file4 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)
+type commit
+tag series-A
+
+An annotated tag without a tagger
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'A: verify tag/series-A' '
+	git cat-file tag tags/series-A >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-:2 `git-rev-parse --verify master:file2`
-:3 `git-rev-parse --verify master:file3`
-:4 `git-rev-parse --verify master:file4`
-:5 `git-rev-parse --verify master^0`
+:2 `git rev-parse --verify master:file2`
+:3 `git rev-parse --verify master:file3`
+:4 `git rev-parse --verify master:file4`
+:5 `git rev-parse --verify master^0`
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify marks output' \
-	'git diff expect marks.out'
+	'test_cmp expect marks.out'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'A: verify marks import' \
-	'git-fast-import \
+	'git fast-import \
 		--import-marks=marks.out \
 		--export-marks=marks.new \
 		</dev/null &&
-	git diff -u expect marks.new'
+	test_cmp expect marks.new'
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/verify--import-marks
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+recreate from :5
+COMMIT
+
+from :5
+M 755 :2 copy-of-file2
+
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success \
+	'A: verify marks import does not crash' \
+	'git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out <input &&
+	 git whatchanged verify--import-marks'
+test_expect_success \
+	'A: verify pack' \
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 A	copy-of-file2
+EOF
+git diff-tree -M -r master verify--import-marks >actual
+test_expect_success \
+	'A: verify diff' \
+	'compare_diff_raw expect actual &&
+	 test `git rev-parse --verify master:file2` \
+	    = `git rev-parse --verify verify--import-marks:copy-of-file2`'
 
 ###
 ### series B
@@ -136,17 +183,64 @@ from refs/heads/master
 M 755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000001 zero1
 
 INPUT_END
-test_expect_failure \
-    'B: fail on invalid blob sha1' \
-    'git-fast-import <input'
+test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid blob sha1' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
+rm -f .git/objects/pack_* .git/objects/index_*
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit .badbranchname
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+corrupt
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/master
+
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid branch name ".badbranchname"' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
+rm -f .git/objects/pack_* .git/objects/index_*
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit bad[branch]name
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+corrupt
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/master
+
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid branch name "bad[branch]name"' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
 rm -f .git/objects/pack_* .git/objects/index_*
 
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit TEMP_TAG
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+tag base
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/master
+
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success \
+    'B: accept branch name "TEMP_TAG"' \
+    'git fast-import <input &&
+	 test -f .git/TEMP_TAG &&
+	 test `git rev-parse master` = `git rev-parse TEMP_TAG^`'
+rm -f .git/TEMP_TAG
+
 ###
 ### series C
 ###
 
-newf=`echo hi newf | git-hash-object -w --stdin`
-oldf=`git-rev-parse --verify master:file2`
+newf=`echo hi newf | git hash-object -w --stdin`
+oldf=`git rev-parse --verify master:file2`
 test_tick
 cat >input <<INPUT_END
 commit refs/heads/branch
@@ -163,18 +257,18 @@ D file3
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'C: incremental import create pack from stdin' \
-    'git-fast-import <input &&
-	 git-whatchanged branch'
+    'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git whatchanged branch'
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: validate reuse existing blob' \
-	'test $newf = `git-rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf`
-	 test $oldf = `git-rev-parse --verify branch:file2/oldf`'
+	'test $newf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf`
+	 test $oldf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/oldf`'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-parent `git-rev-parse --verify master^0`
+parent `git rev-parse --verify master^0`
 author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 
@@ -182,15 +276,15 @@ second
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: verify commit' \
-	'git-cat-file commit branch | sed 1d >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file commit branch | sed 1d >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc A	file2/newf
 :100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 R100	file2	file2/oldf
 :100644 000000 0d92e9f3374ae2947c23aa477cbc68ce598135f1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file3
 EOF
-git-diff-tree -M -r master branch >actual
+git diff-tree -M -r master branch >actual
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: validate rename result' \
 	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
@@ -221,17 +315,17 @@ EOF
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'D: inline data in commit' \
-    'git-fast-import <input &&
-	 git-whatchanged branch'
+    'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git whatchanged branch'
 test_expect_success \
 	'D: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 35a59026a33beac1569b1c7f66f3090ce9c09afc A	newdir/exec.sh
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 046d0371e9220107917db0d0e030628de8a1de9b A	newdir/interesting
 EOF
-git-diff-tree -M -r branch^ branch >actual
+git diff-tree -M -r branch^ branch >actual
 test_expect_success \
 	'D: validate new files added' \
 	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
@@ -239,14 +333,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 echo "$file5_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'D: verify file5' \
-	'git-cat-file blob branch:newdir/interesting >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob branch:newdir/interesting >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 echo "$file6_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'D: verify file6' \
-	'git-cat-file blob branch:newdir/exec.sh >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob branch:newdir/exec.sh >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 ###
 ### series E
@@ -263,15 +357,15 @@ COMMIT
 from refs/heads/branch^0
 
 INPUT_END
-test_expect_failure \
-    'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=raw' \
-    'git-fast-import --date-format=raw <input'
+test_expect_success 'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=raw' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import --date-format=raw <input
+'
 test_expect_success \
     'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=rfc2822' \
-    'git-fast-import --date-format=rfc2822 <input'
+    'git fast-import --date-format=rfc2822 <input'
 test_expect_success \
 	'E: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 1170778938 -0500
@@ -281,14 +375,14 @@ RFC 2822 type date
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'E: verify commit' \
-	'git-cat-file commit branch | sed 1,2d >actual &&
-	git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file commit branch | sed 1,2d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
 
 ###
 ### series F
 ###
 
-old_branch=`git-rev-parse --verify branch^0`
+old_branch=`git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
 test_tick
 cat >input <<INPUT_END
 commit refs/heads/branch
@@ -305,12 +399,12 @@ from refs/heads/branch
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'F: non-fast-forward update skips' \
-    'if git-fast-import <input
+    'if git fast-import <input
 	 then
 		echo BAD gfi did not fail
 		return 1
 	 else
-		if test $old_branch = `git-rev-parse --verify branch^0`
+		if test $old_branch = `git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
 		then
 			: branch unaffected and failure returned
 			return 0
@@ -322,11 +416,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 	'
 test_expect_success \
 	'F: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-tree `git-rev-parse branch~1^{tree}`
-parent `git-rev-parse branch~1`
+tree `git rev-parse branch~1^{tree}`
+parent `git rev-parse branch~1`
 author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 
@@ -334,14 +428,14 @@ losing things already?
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'F: verify other commit' \
-	'git-cat-file commit other >actual &&
-	git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file commit other >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
 
 ###
 ### series G
 ###
 
-old_branch=`git-rev-parse --verify branch^0`
+old_branch=`git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
 test_tick
 cat >input <<INPUT_END
 commit refs/heads/branch
@@ -355,14 +449,14 @@ from refs/heads/branch~1
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'G: non-fast-forward update forced' \
-    'git-fast-import --force <input'
+    'git fast-import --force <input'
 test_expect_success \
 	'G: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 test_expect_success \
 	'G: branch changed, but logged' \
-	'test $old_branch != `git-rev-parse --verify branch^0` &&
-	 test $old_branch = `git-rev-parse --verify branch@{1}`'
+	'test $old_branch != `git rev-parse --verify branch^0` &&
+	 test $old_branch = `git rev-parse --verify branch@{1}`'
 
 ###
 ### series H
@@ -391,11 +485,11 @@ EOF
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'H: deletall, add 1' \
-    'git-fast-import <input &&
-	 git-whatchanged H'
+    'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git whatchanged H'
 test_expect_success \
 	'H: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git-verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :100755 000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/newf
@@ -404,7 +498,7 @@ cat >expect <<EOF
 :100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 R100	newdir/interesting	h/e/l/lo
 :100755 000000 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	newdir/exec.sh
 EOF
-git-diff-tree -M -r H^ H >actual
+git diff-tree -M -r H^ H >actual
 test_expect_success \
 	'H: validate old files removed, new files added' \
 	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
@@ -412,8 +506,8 @@ test_expect_success \
 echo "$file5_data" >expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'H: verify file' \
-	'git-cat-file blob H:h/e/l/lo >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	'git cat-file blob H:h/e/l/lo >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 ###
 ### series I
@@ -431,15 +525,15 @@ from refs/heads/branch
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'I: export-pack-edges' \
-    'git-fast-import --export-pack-edges=edges.list <input'
+    'git fast-import --export-pack-edges=edges.list <input'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-.git/objects/pack/pack-.pack: `git-rev-parse --verify export-boundary`
+.git/objects/pack/pack-.pack: `git rev-parse --verify export-boundary`
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'I: verify edge list' \
 	'sed -e s/pack-.*pack/pack-.pack/ edges.list >actual &&
-	 git diff expect actual'
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
 
 ###
 ### series J
@@ -465,10 +559,10 @@ COMMIT
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'J: reset existing branch creates empty commit' \
-    'git-fast-import <input'
+    'git fast-import <input'
 test_expect_success \
 	'J: branch has 1 commit, empty tree' \
-	'test 1 = `git-rev-list J | wc -l` &&
+	'test 1 = `git rev-list J | wc -l` &&
 	 test 0 = `git ls-tree J | wc -l`'
 
 ###
@@ -495,11 +589,11 @@ from refs/heads/branch^1
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'K: reinit branch with from' \
-    'git-fast-import <input'
+    'git fast-import <input'
 test_expect_success \
     'K: verify K^1 = branch^1' \
-    'test `git-rev-parse --verify branch^1` \
-		= `git-rev-parse --verify K^1`'
+    'test `git rev-parse --verify branch^1` \
+		= `git rev-parse --verify K^1`'
 
 ###
 ### series L
@@ -547,8 +641,451 @@ EXPECT_END
 
 test_expect_success \
     'L: verify internal tree sorting' \
-	'git-fast-import <input &&
-	 git-diff --raw L^ L >output &&
-	 git diff expect output'
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree --abbrev --raw L^ L >output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output'
+
+###
+### series M
+###
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/M1
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+file rename
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+R file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
+
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'M: rename file in same subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree -M -r M1^ M1 >actual &&
+	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/M2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+file rename
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+R file2/newf i/am/new/to/you
+
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	i/am/new/to/you
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'M: rename file to new subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree -M -r M2^ M2 >actual &&
+	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/M3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+file rename
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/M2^0
+R i other/sub
+
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	i/am/new/to/you	other/sub/am/new/to/you
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'M: rename subdirectory to new subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree -M -r M3^ M3 >actual &&
+	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+
+###
+### series N
+###
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/N1
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+file copy
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+C file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
+
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: copy file in same subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N1^ N1 >actual &&
+	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/N2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+clean directory copy
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+C file2 file3
+
+commit refs/heads/N2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+modify directory copy
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file3/file5
+data <<EOF
+$file5_data
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	file3/file5
+:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
+:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: copy then modify subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N2^^ N2 >actual &&
+	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/N3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+dirty directory copy
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+M 644 inline file2/file5
+data <<EOF
+$file5_data
+EOF
+
+C file2 file3
+D file2/file5
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: copy dirty subdirectory' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 test `git rev-parse N2^{tree}` = `git rev-parse N3^{tree}`'
+
+###
+### series O
+###
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+#we will
+commit refs/heads/O1
+# -- ignore all of this text
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+# $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME has inserted here for his benefit.
+data <<COMMIT
+dirty directory copy
+COMMIT
+
+# don't forget the import blank line!
+#
+# yes, we started from our usual base of branch^0.
+# i like branch^0.
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+# and we need to reuse file2/file5 from N3 above.
+M 644 inline file2/file5
+# otherwise the tree will be different
+data <<EOF
+$file5_data
+EOF
+
+# don't forget to copy file2 to file3
+C file2 file3
+#
+# or to delete file5 from file2.
+D file2/file5
+# are we done yet?
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'O: comments are all skipped' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 test `git rev-parse N3` = `git rev-parse O1`'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/O2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+dirty directory copy
+COMMIT
+from refs/heads/branch^0
+M 644 inline file2/file5
+data <<EOF
+$file5_data
+EOF
+C file2 file3
+D file2/file5
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'O: blank lines not necessary after data commands' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 test `git rev-parse N3` = `git rev-parse O2`'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'O: repack before next test' \
+	'git repack -a -d'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/O3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zstring
+COMMIT
+commit refs/heads/O3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zof
+COMMIT
+checkpoint
+commit refs/heads/O3
+mark :5
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zempty
+COMMIT
+checkpoint
+commit refs/heads/O3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zcommits
+COMMIT
+reset refs/tags/O3-2nd
+from :5
+reset refs/tags/O3-3rd
+from :5
+INPUT_END
+
+cat >expect <<INPUT_END
+string
+of
+empty
+commits
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success \
+	'O: blank lines not necessary after other commands' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 test 8 = `find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l` &&
+	 test `git rev-parse refs/tags/O3-2nd` = `git rev-parse O3^` &&
+	 git log --reverse --pretty=oneline O3 | sed s/^.*z// >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/O4
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zstring
+COMMIT
+commit refs/heads/O4
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zof
+COMMIT
+progress Two commits down, 2 to go!
+commit refs/heads/O4
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zempty
+COMMIT
+progress Three commits down, 1 to go!
+commit refs/heads/O4
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+zcommits
+COMMIT
+progress I'm done!
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success \
+	'O: progress outputs as requested by input' \
+	'git fast-import <input >actual &&
+	 grep "progress " <input >expect &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
+
+###
+### series P (gitlinks)
+###
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+blob
+mark :1
+data 10
+test file
+
+reset refs/heads/sub
+commit refs/heads/sub
+mark :2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 12
+sub_initial
+M 100644 :1 file
+
+blob
+mark :3
+data <<DATAEND
+[submodule "sub"]
+	path = sub
+	url = "`pwd`/sub"
+DATAEND
+
+commit refs/heads/subuse1
+mark :4
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 8
+initial
+from refs/heads/master
+M 100644 :3 .gitmodules
+M 160000 :2 sub
+
+blob
+mark :5
+data 20
+test file
+more data
+
+commit refs/heads/sub
+mark :6
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 11
+sub_second
+from :2
+M 100644 :5 file
+
+commit refs/heads/subuse1
+mark :7
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 7
+second
+from :4
+M 160000 :6 sub
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'P: supermodule & submodule mix' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git checkout subuse1 &&
+	 rm -rf sub && mkdir sub && cd sub &&
+	 git init &&
+	 git fetch --update-head-ok .. refs/heads/sub:refs/heads/master &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 cd .. &&
+	 git submodule init &&
+	 git submodule update'
+
+SUBLAST=$(git rev-parse --verify sub)
+SUBPREV=$(git rev-parse --verify sub^)
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+blob
+mark :1
+data <<DATAEND
+[submodule "sub"]
+	path = sub
+	url = "`pwd`/sub"
+DATAEND
+
+commit refs/heads/subuse2
+mark :2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 8
+initial
+from refs/heads/master
+M 100644 :1 .gitmodules
+M 160000 $SUBPREV sub
+
+commit refs/heads/subuse2
+mark :3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data 7
+second
+from :2
+M 160000 $SUBLAST sub
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'P: verbatim SHA gitlinks' \
+	'git branch -D sub &&
+	 git gc && git prune &&
+	 git fast-import <input &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse --verify subuse2) = $(git rev-parse --verify subuse1)'
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/subuse3
+mark :1
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+corrupt
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/subuse2
+M 160000 inline sub
+data <<DATA
+$SUBPREV
+DATA
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success 'P: fail on inline gitlink' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+blob
+mark :1
+data <<DATA
+$SUBPREV
+DATA
+
+commit refs/heads/subuse3
+mark :2
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+corrupt
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/subuse2
+M 160000 :1 sub
+
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success 'P: fail on blob mark in gitlink' '
+    test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9301-fast-export.sh b/t/t9301-fast-export.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8c8a9e63c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9301-fast-export.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='git fast-export'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	echo break it > file0 &&
+	git add file0 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	echo Wohlauf > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo die Luft > file &&
+	echo geht frisch > file2 &&
+	git add file file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	echo und > file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git tag rein &&
+	git checkout -b wer HEAD^ &&
+	echo lange > file2
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m sitzt file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git tag -a -m valentin muss &&
+	git merge -s ours master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-export | fast-import' '
+
+	MASTER=$(git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	REIN=$(git rev-parse --verify rein) &&
+	WER=$(git rev-parse --verify wer) &&
+	MUSS=$(git rev-parse --verify muss) &&
+	mkdir new &&
+	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
+	git fast-export --all |
+	(cd new &&
+	 git fast-import &&
+	 test $MASTER = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master) &&
+	 test $REIN = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/rein) &&
+	 test $WER = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/wer) &&
+	 test $MUSS = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/muss))
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-export master~2..master' '
+
+	git fast-export master~2..master |
+		sed "s/master/partial/" |
+		(cd new &&
+		 git fast-import &&
+		 test $MASTER != $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/partial) &&
+		 git diff --exit-code master partial &&
+		 git diff --exit-code master^ partial^ &&
+		 test_must_fail git rev-parse partial~2)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'iso-8859-1' '
+
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	echo rosten >file &&
+	git commit -s -m den file &&
+	git fast-export wer^..wer |
+		sed "s/wer/i18n/" |
+		(cd new &&
+		 git fast-import &&
+		 git cat-file commit i18n | grep "�éí óú")
+
+'
+test_expect_success 'import/export-marks' '
+
+	git checkout -b marks master &&
+	git fast-export --export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD &&
+	test -s tmp-marks &&
+	test $(wc -l < tmp-marks) -eq 3 &&
+	test $(
+		git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks\
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD |
+		grep ^commit |
+		wc -l) \
+	-eq 0 &&
+	echo change > file &&
+	git commit -m "last commit" file &&
+	test $(
+		git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD |
+		grep ^commit\  |
+		wc -l) \
+	-eq 1 &&
+	test $(wc -l < tmp-marks) -eq 4
+
+'
+
+cat > signed-tag-import << EOF
+tag sign-your-name
+from $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112911993 -0700
+data 210
+A message for a sign
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+Version: GnuPG v1.4.5 (GNU/Linux)
+
+fakedsignaturefakedsignaturefakedsignaturefakedsignaturfakedsign
+aturefakedsignaturefake=
+=/59v
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set up faked signed tag' '
+
+	cat signed-tag-import | git fast-import
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signed-tags=abort' '
+
+	test_must_fail git fast-export --signed-tags=abort sign-your-name
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signed-tags=verbatim' '
+
+	git fast-export --signed-tags=verbatim sign-your-name > output &&
+	grep PGP output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signed-tags=strip' '
+
+	git fast-export --signed-tags=strip sign-your-name > output &&
+	! grep PGP output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup submodule' '
+
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	cd sub &&
+	git init  &&
+	echo test file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m sub_initial &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git submodule add "`pwd`/sub" sub &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cd sub &&
+	echo more data >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m sub_second &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git add sub &&
+	git commit -m second
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule fast-export | fast-import' '
+
+	SUBENT1=$(git ls-tree master^ sub) &&
+	SUBENT2=$(git ls-tree master sub) &&
+	rm -rf new &&
+	mkdir new &&
+	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
+	git fast-export --signed-tags=strip --all |
+	(cd new &&
+	 git fast-import &&
+	 test "$SUBENT1" = "$(git ls-tree refs/heads/master^ sub)" &&
+	 test "$SUBENT2" = "$(git ls-tree refs/heads/master sub)" &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git submodule init &&
+	 git submodule update &&
+	 cmp sub/file ../sub/file)
+
+'
+
+GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'; export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'; export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
+
+test_expect_success 'setup copies' '
+
+	git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+	git checkout -b copy rein &&
+	git mv file file3 &&
+	git commit -m move1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cp file2 file4 &&
+	git add file4 &&
+	git mv file2 file5 &&
+	git commit -m copy1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cp file3 file6 &&
+	git add file6 &&
+	git commit -m copy2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	echo more text >> file6 &&
+	echo even more text >> file6 &&
+	git add file6 &&
+	git commit -m modify &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cp file6 file7 &&
+	echo test >> file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	git commit -m copy_modify
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-export -C -C | fast-import' '
+
+	ENTRY=$(git rev-parse --verify copy) &&
+	rm -rf new &&
+	mkdir new &&
+	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all > output &&
+	grep "^C \"file6\" \"file7\"\$" output &&
+	cat output |
+	(cd new &&
+	 git fast-import &&
+	 test $ENTRY = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy))
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-export | fast-import when master is tagged' '
+
+	git tag -m msg last &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all > output &&
+	test $(grep -c "^tag " output) = 3
+
+'
+
+cat > tag-content << EOF
+object $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+type commit
+tag rosten
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'cope with tagger-less tags' '
+
+	TAG=$(git hash-object -t tag -w tag-content) &&
+	git update-ref refs/tags/sonnenschein $TAG &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all > output &&
+	test $(grep -c "^tag " output) = 4 &&
+	! grep "Unspecified Tagger" output &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all \
+		--fake-missing-tagger > output &&
+	test $(grep -c "^tag " output) = 4 &&
+	grep "Unspecified Tagger" output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set-up a few more tags for tag export tests' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	HEAD_TREE=`git show -s --pretty=raw HEAD | grep tree | sed "s/tree //"` &&
+	git tag    tree_tag        -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
+	git tag -a tree_tag-obj    -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
+	git tag    tag-obj_tag     -m "tagging a tag" tree_tag-obj &&
+	git tag -a tag-obj_tag-obj -m "tagging a tag" tree_tag-obj
+'
+
+# NEEDSWORK: not just check return status, but validate the output
+test_expect_success 'tree_tag'        'git fast-export tree_tag'
+test_expect_success 'tree_tag-obj'    'git fast-export tree_tag-obj'
+test_expect_success 'tag-obj_tag'     'git fast-export tag-obj_tag'
+test_expect_success 'tag-obj_tag-obj' 'git fast-export tag-obj_tag-obj'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..64f947d75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,506 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Frank Lichtenheld
+#
+
+test_description='git-cvsserver access
+
+tests read access to a git repository with the
+cvs CLI client via git-cvsserver server'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+if test $? -ne 1
+then
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
+    test_done
+fi
+perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
+    test_done
+}
+
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+WORKDIR=$(pwd)
+SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
+CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
+CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
+
+rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+  echo >empty &&
+  git add empty &&
+  git commit -q -m "First Commit" &&
+  mkdir secondroot &&
+  ( cd secondroot &&
+  git init &&
+  touch secondrootfile &&
+  git add secondrootfile &&
+  git commit -m "second root") &&
+  git pull secondroot master &&
+  git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+  GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+  GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
+'
+
+# note that cvs doesn't accept absolute pathnames
+# as argument to co -d
+test_expect_success 'basic checkout' \
+  'GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master &&
+   test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D cvswork/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5 | head -n 1))" = "empty/1.1/"
+   test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D cvswork/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5 | sed -ne \$p))" = "secondrootfile/1.1/"'
+
+#------------------------
+# PSERVER AUTHENTICATION
+#------------------------
+
+cat >request-anonymous  <<EOF
+BEGIN AUTH REQUEST
+$SERVERDIR
+anonymous
+
+END AUTH REQUEST
+EOF
+
+cat >request-git  <<EOF
+BEGIN AUTH REQUEST
+$SERVERDIR
+git
+
+END AUTH REQUEST
+EOF
+
+cat >login-anonymous <<EOF
+BEGIN VERIFICATION REQUEST
+$SERVERDIR
+anonymous
+
+END VERIFICATION REQUEST
+EOF
+
+cat >login-git <<EOF
+BEGIN VERIFICATION REQUEST
+$SERVERDIR
+git
+
+END VERIFICATION REQUEST
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'pserver authentication' \
+  'cat request-anonymous | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'pserver authentication failure (non-anonymous user)' \
+  'if cat request-git | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1
+   then
+       false
+   else
+       true
+   fi &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I HATE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'pserver authentication (login)' \
+  'cat login-anonymous | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'pserver authentication failure (login/non-anonymous user)' \
+  'if cat login-git | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1
+   then
+       false
+   else
+       true
+   fi &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I HATE YOU$"'
+
+
+# misuse pserver authentication for testing of req_Root
+
+cat >request-relative  <<EOF
+BEGIN AUTH REQUEST
+gitcvs.git
+anonymous
+
+END AUTH REQUEST
+EOF
+
+cat >request-conflict  <<EOF
+BEGIN AUTH REQUEST
+$SERVERDIR
+anonymous
+
+END AUTH REQUEST
+Root $WORKDIR
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (relative pathname)' \
+  'if cat request-relative | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1
+   then
+       echo unexpected success
+       false
+   else
+       true
+   fi &&
+   tail log | grep "^error 1 Root must be an absolute pathname$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (conflicting roots)' \
+  'cat request-conflict | git-cvsserver pserver >log 2>&1 &&
+   tail log | grep "^error 1 Conflicting roots specified$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root (strict paths)' \
+  'cat request-anonymous | git-cvsserver --strict-paths pserver "$SERVERDIR" >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (strict-paths)' '
+    ! cat request-anonymous |
+    git-cvsserver --strict-paths pserver "$WORKDIR" >log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root (w/o strict-paths)' \
+  'cat request-anonymous | git-cvsserver pserver "$WORKDIR/" >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (w/o strict-paths)' '
+    ! cat request-anonymous |
+    git-cvsserver pserver "$WORKDIR/gitcvs" >log 2>&1
+'
+
+cat >request-base  <<EOF
+BEGIN AUTH REQUEST
+/gitcvs.git
+anonymous
+
+END AUTH REQUEST
+Root /gitcvs.git
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root (base-path)' \
+  'cat request-base | git-cvsserver --strict-paths --base-path "$WORKDIR/" pserver "$SERVERDIR" >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (base-path)' '
+    ! cat request-anonymous |
+    git-cvsserver --strict-paths --base-path "$WORKDIR" pserver "$SERVERDIR" >log 2>&1
+'
+
+GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled false || exit 1
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root (export-all)' \
+  'cat request-anonymous | git-cvsserver --export-all pserver "$WORKDIR" >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root failure (export-all w/o whitelist)' \
+  '! (cat request-anonymous | git-cvsserver --export-all pserver >log 2>&1 || false)'
+
+test_expect_success 'req_Root (everything together)' \
+  'cat request-base | git-cvsserver --export-all --strict-paths --base-path "$WORKDIR/" pserver "$SERVERDIR" >log 2>&1 &&
+   sed -ne \$p log | grep "^I LOVE YOU$"'
+
+GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true || exit 1
+
+#--------------
+# CONFIG TESTS
+#--------------
+
+test_expect_success 'gitcvs.enabled = false' \
+  'GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled false &&
+   if GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1
+   then
+     echo unexpected cvs success
+     false
+   else
+     true
+   fi &&
+   grep "GITCVS emulation disabled" cvs.log &&
+   test ! -d cvswork2'
+
+rm -fr cvswork2
+test_expect_success 'gitcvs.ext.enabled = true' \
+  'GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.ext.enabled true &&
+   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled false &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+   diff -q cvswork cvswork2'
+
+rm -fr cvswork2
+test_expect_success 'gitcvs.ext.enabled = false' \
+  'GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.ext.enabled false &&
+   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+   if GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1
+   then
+     echo unexpected cvs success
+     false
+   else
+     true
+   fi &&
+   grep "GITCVS emulation disabled" cvs.log &&
+   test ! -d cvswork2'
+
+rm -fr cvswork2
+test_expect_success 'gitcvs.dbname' \
+  'GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.ext.enabled true &&
+   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.dbname %Ggitcvs.%a.%m.sqlite &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+   diff -q cvswork cvswork2 &&
+   test -f "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.ext.master.sqlite" &&
+   cmp "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.master.sqlite" "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.ext.master.sqlite"'
+
+rm -fr cvswork2
+test_expect_success 'gitcvs.ext.dbname' \
+  'GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.ext.enabled true &&
+   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.ext.dbname %Ggitcvs1.%a.%m.sqlite &&
+   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.dbname %Ggitcvs2.%a.%m.sqlite &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+   diff -q cvswork cvswork2 &&
+   test -f "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs1.ext.master.sqlite" &&
+   test ! -f "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs2.ext.master.sqlite" &&
+   cmp "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.master.sqlite" "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs1.ext.master.sqlite"'
+
+
+#------------
+# CVS UPDATE
+#------------
+
+rm -fr "$SERVERDIR"
+cd "$WORKDIR" &&
+git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log" ||
+exit 1
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (create new file)' \
+  'echo testfile1 >testfile1 &&
+   git add testfile1 &&
+   git commit -q -m "Add testfile1" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test "$(echo $(grep testfile1 CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "testfile1/1.1/" &&
+   diff -q testfile1 ../testfile1'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (update existing file)' \
+  'echo line 2 >>testfile1 &&
+   git add testfile1 &&
+   git commit -q -m "Append to testfile1" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test "$(echo $(grep testfile1 CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "testfile1/1.2/" &&
+   diff -q testfile1 ../testfile1'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+#TODO: cvsserver doesn't support update w/o -d
+test_expect_failure "cvs update w/o -d doesn't create subdir (TODO)" '
+   mkdir test &&
+   echo >test/empty &&
+   git add test &&
+   git commit -q -m "Single Subdirectory" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test ! -d test
+'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (subdirectories)' \
+  '(for dir in A A/B A/B/C A/D E; do
+      mkdir $dir &&
+      echo "test file in $dir" >"$dir/file_in_$(echo $dir|sed -e "s#/# #g")"  &&
+      git add $dir;
+   done) &&
+   git commit -q -m "deep sub directory structure" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update -d &&
+   (for dir in A A/B A/B/C A/D E; do
+      filename="file_in_$(echo $dir|sed -e "s#/# #g")" &&
+      if test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D $dir/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "$filename/1.1/" &&
+           diff -q "$dir/$filename" "../$dir/$filename"; then
+        :
+      else
+        echo >failure
+      fi
+    done) &&
+   test ! -f failure'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (delete file)' \
+  'git rm testfile1 &&
+   git commit -q -m "Remove testfile1" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test -z "$(grep testfile1 CVS/Entries)" &&
+   test ! -f testfile1'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (re-add deleted file)' \
+  'echo readded testfile >testfile1 &&
+   git add testfile1 &&
+   git commit -q -m "Re-Add testfile1" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test "$(echo $(grep testfile1 CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "testfile1/1.4/" &&
+   diff -q testfile1 ../testfile1'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (merge)' \
+  'echo Line 0 >expected &&
+   for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+   do
+     echo Line $i >>merge
+     echo Line $i >>expected
+   done &&
+   echo Line 8 >>expected &&
+   git add merge &&
+   git commit -q -m "Merge test (pre-merge)" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   test "$(echo $(grep merge CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "merge/1.1/" &&
+   diff -q merge ../merge &&
+   ( echo Line 0; cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
+   mv merge.tmp merge &&
+   cd "$WORKDIR" &&
+   echo Line 8 >>merge &&
+   git add merge &&
+   git commit -q -m "Merge test (merge)" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   sleep 1 && touch merge &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   diff -q merge ../expected'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+
+cat >expected.C <<EOF
+<<<<<<< merge.mine
+Line 0
+=======
+LINE 0
+>>>>>>> merge.3
+EOF
+
+for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
+do
+  echo Line $i >>expected.C
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (conflict merge)' \
+  '( echo LINE 0; cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
+   mv merge.tmp merge &&
+   git add merge &&
+   git commit -q -m "Merge test (conflict)" &&
+   git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+   cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+   diff -q merge ../expected.C'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (-C)' \
+  'cd cvswork &&
+   GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update -C &&
+   diff -q merge ../merge'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (merge no-op)' \
+   'echo Line 9 >>merge &&
+    cp merge cvswork/merge &&
+    git add merge &&
+    git commit -q -m "Merge test (no-op)" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+    cd cvswork &&
+    sleep 1 && touch merge &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+    diff -q merge ../merge'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (-p)' '
+    touch really-empty &&
+    echo Line 1 > no-lf &&
+    printf "Line 2" >> no-lf &&
+    git add really-empty no-lf &&
+    git commit -q -m "Update -p test" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update &&
+    rm -f failures &&
+    for i in merge no-lf empty really-empty; do
+        GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update -p "$i" >$i.out
+        diff $i.out ../$i >>failures 2>&1
+    done &&
+    test -z "$(cat failures)"
+'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs update (module list supports packed refs)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git pack-refs --all &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -n up -d 2> out &&
+    grep "cvs update: New directory \`master'\''" < out
+'
+
+#------------
+# CVS STATUS
+#------------
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs status' '
+    mkdir status.dir &&
+    echo Line > status.dir/status.file &&
+    echo Line > status.file &&
+    git add status.dir status.file &&
+    git commit -q -m "Status test" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs status | grep "^File: status.file" >../out &&
+    test $(wc -l <../out) = 2
+'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs status (nonrecursive)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs status -l | grep "^File: status.file" >../out &&
+    test $(wc -l <../out) = 1
+'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs status (no subdirs in header)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs status | grep ^File: >../out &&
+    ! grep / <../out
+'
+
+#------------
+# CVS CHECKOUT
+#------------
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs co -c (shows module database)' '
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs co -c > out &&
+    grep "^master[	 ]\+master$" < out &&
+    ! grep -v "^master[	 ]\+master$" < out
+'
+
+#------------
+# CVS ANNOTATE
+#------------
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs annotate' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs annotate merge >../out &&
+    sed -e "s/ .*//" ../out >../actual &&
+    for i in 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4; do echo 1.$i; done >../expect &&
+    test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aca40c1b1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Matthew Ogilvie
+# Parts adapted from other tests.
+#
+
+test_description='git-cvsserver -kb modes
+
+tests -kb mode for binary files when accessing a git
+repository using cvs CLI client via git-cvsserver server'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+q_to_nul () {
+    perl -pe 'y/Q/\000/'
+}
+
+q_to_cr () {
+    tr Q '\015'
+}
+
+marked_as () {
+    foundEntry="$(grep "^/$2/" "$1/CVS/Entries")"
+    if [ x"$foundEntry" = x"" ] ; then
+       echo "NOT FOUND: $1 $2 1 $3" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+       return 1
+    fi
+    test x"$(grep "^/$2/" "$1/CVS/Entries" | cut -d/ -f5)" = x"$3"
+    stat=$?
+    echo "$1 $2 $stat '$3'" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+    return $stat
+}
+
+not_present() {
+    foundEntry="$(grep "^/$2/" "$1/CVS/Entries")"
+    if [ -r "$1/$2" ] ; then
+        echo "Error: File still exists: $1 $2" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+        return 1;
+    fi
+    if [ x"$foundEntry" != x"" ] ; then
+        echo "Error: should not have found: $1 $2" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+        return 1;
+    else
+        echo "Correctly not found: $1 $2" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+        return 0;
+    fi
+}
+
+cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+if test $? -ne 1
+then
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
+    test_done
+fi
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+    test_done
+fi
+perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
+    test_done
+}
+
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+WORKDIR=$(pwd)
+SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
+CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
+CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
+
+rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+    echo "Simple text file" >textfile.c &&
+    echo "File with embedded NUL: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > binfile.bin &&
+    mkdir subdir &&
+    echo "Another text file" > subdir/file.h &&
+    echo "Another binary: Q (this time CR)" | q_to_cr > subdir/withCr.bin &&
+    echo "Mixed up NUL, but marked text: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > mixedUp.c
+    echo "Unspecified" > subdir/unspecified.other &&
+    echo "/*.bin -crlf" > .gitattributes &&
+    echo "/*.c crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
+    echo "subdir/*.bin -crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
+    echo "subdir/*.c crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
+    echo "subdir/file.h crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
+    git add .gitattributes textfile.c binfile.bin mixedUp.c subdir/* &&
+    git commit -q -m "First Commit" &&
+    git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (default crlf)' '
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    test x"$(grep '/-k' cvswork/CVS/Entries cvswork/subdir/CVS/Entries)" = x""
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (allbinary)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.allbinary true &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other -kb
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork cvs.log
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (use attributes/allbinary)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.usecrlfattr true &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other -kb
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (use attributes)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.allbinary false &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'adding files' '
+    cd cvswork/subdir &&
+    echo "more text" > src.c &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add src.c >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as . src.c "" &&
+    echo "psuedo-binary" > temp.bin &&
+    cd .. &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add subdir/temp.bin >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as subdir temp.bin "-kb" &&
+    cd subdir &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q ci -m "adding files" >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as . temp.bin "-kb" &&
+    marked_as . src.c ""
+'
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'updating' '
+    git pull gitcvs.git &&
+    echo 'hi' > subdir/newfile.bin &&
+    echo 'junk' > subdir/file.h &&
+    echo 'hi' > subdir/newfile.c &&
+    echo 'hello' >> binfile.bin &&
+    git add subdir/newfile.bin subdir/file.h subdir/newfile.c binfile.bin &&
+    git commit -q -m "Add and change some files" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+    cd .. &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.c "" &&
+    echo "File with embedded NUL: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > tmpExpect1 &&
+    echo "hello" >> tmpExpect1 &&
+    cmp cvswork/binfile.bin tmpExpect1
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (use attributes/guess)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.allbinary guess &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.c ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup multi-line files' '
+    ( echo "line 1" &&
+      echo "line 2" &&
+      echo "line 3" &&
+      echo "line 4 with NUL: Q <-" ) | q_to_nul > multiline.c &&
+    git add multiline.c &&
+    ( echo "line 1" &&
+      echo "line 2" &&
+      echo "line 3" &&
+      echo "line 4" ) | q_to_nul > multilineTxt.c &&
+    git add multilineTxt.c &&
+    git commit -q -m "multiline files" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co (guess)' '
+    GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.usecrlfattr false &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork multiline.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.c ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co another copy (guess)' '
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multiline.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir file.h "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.c ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add text (guess)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    echo "simpleText" > simpleText.c &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add simpleText.c &&
+    cd .. &&
+    marked_as cvswork simpleText.c ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add bin (guess)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    echo "simpleBin: NUL: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > simpleBin.bin &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add simpleBin.bin &&
+    cd .. &&
+    marked_as cvswork simpleBin.bin -kb
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove files (guess)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q rm -f subdir/file.h &&
+    cd subdir &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q rm -f withCr.bin &&
+    cd ../.. &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir file.h ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs ci (guess)' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q ci -m "add/rm files" >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    cd .. &&
+    marked_as cvswork textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork multiline.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    not_present cvswork/subdir withCr.bin &&
+    not_present cvswork/subdir file.h &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork/subdir newfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork simpleBin.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork simpleText.c ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update subdir of other copy (guess)' '
+    cd cvswork2/subdir &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
+    cd ../.. &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multiline.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    not_present cvswork2/subdir withCr.bin &&
+    not_present cvswork2/subdir file.h &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.c "" &&
+    not_present cvswork2 simpleBin.bin &&
+    not_present cvswork2 simpleText.c
+'
+
+echo "starting update/merge" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+test_expect_success 'update/merge full other copy (guess)' '
+    git pull gitcvs.git master &&
+    sed "s/3/replaced_3/" < multilineTxt.c > ml.temp &&
+    mv ml.temp multilineTxt.c &&
+    git add multilineTxt.c &&
+    git commit -q -m "modify multiline file" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log" &&
+    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
+    cd cvswork2 &&
+    sed "s/1/replaced_1/" < multilineTxt.c > ml.temp &&
+    mv ml.temp multilineTxt.c &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update > cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+    cd .. &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 textfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 binfile.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 .gitattributes "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multiline.c -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    not_present cvswork2/subdir withCr.bin &&
+    not_present cvswork2/subdir file.h &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.c "" &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 simpleBin.bin -kb &&
+    marked_as cvswork2 simpleText.c "" &&
+    echo "line replaced_1" > tmpExpect2 &&
+    echo "line 2" >> tmpExpect2 &&
+    echo "line replaced_3" >> tmpExpect2 &&
+    echo "line 4" | q_to_nul >> tmpExpect2 &&
+    cmp cvswork2/multilineTxt.c tmpExpect2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..627518108a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Jakub Narebski
+#
+
+test_description='gitweb as standalone script (basic tests).
+
+This test runs gitweb (git web interface) as CGI script from
+commandline, and checks that it would not write any errors
+or warnings to log.'
+
+gitweb_init () {
+	safe_pwd="$(perl -MPOSIX=getcwd -e 'print quotemeta(getcwd)')"
+	cat >gitweb_config.perl <<EOF
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# gitweb configuration for tests
+
+our \$version = "current";
+our \$GIT = "git";
+our \$projectroot = "$safe_pwd";
+our \$project_maxdepth = 8;
+our \$home_link_str = "projects";
+our \$site_name = "[localhost]";
+our \$site_header = "";
+our \$site_footer = "";
+our \$home_text = "indextext.html";
+our @stylesheets = ("file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.css");
+our \$logo = "file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-logo.png";
+our \$favicon = "file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-favicon.png";
+our \$projects_list = "";
+our \$export_ok = "";
+our \$strict_export = "";
+
+EOF
+
+	cat >.git/description <<EOF
+$0 test repository
+EOF
+}
+
+gitweb_run () {
+	GATEWAY_INTERFACE="CGI/1.1"
+	HTTP_ACCEPT="*/*"
+	REQUEST_METHOD="GET"
+	SCRIPT_NAME="$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.perl"
+	QUERY_STRING=""$1""
+	PATH_INFO=""$2""
+	export GATEWAY_INTERFACE HTTP_ACCEPT REQUEST_METHOD \
+		SCRIPT_NAME QUERY_STRING PATH_INFO
+
+	GITWEB_CONFIG=$(pwd)/gitweb_config.perl
+	export GITWEB_CONFIG
+
+	# some of git commands write to STDERR on error, but this is not
+	# written to web server logs, so we are not interested in that:
+	# we are interested only in properly formatted errors/warnings
+	rm -f gitweb.log &&
+	perl -- "$SCRIPT_NAME" \
+		>/dev/null 2>gitweb.log &&
+	if grep "^[[]" gitweb.log >/dev/null 2>&1; then false; else true; fi
+
+	# gitweb.log is left for debugging
+}
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping gitweb tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+perl -MEncode -e 'decode_utf8("", Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping gitweb tests, perl version is too old'
+    test_done
+}
+
+gitweb_init
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no commits (empty, just initialized repository)
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: projects_list (implicit)' \
+	'gitweb_run'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: projects_index' \
+	'gitweb_run "a=project_index"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git summary (implicit)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git commit (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git commitdiff (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git tree (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git heads' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=heads"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'no commits: .git tags' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tags"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# initial commit
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'Make initial commit' \
+	'echo "Not an empty file." > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "Initial commit." &&
+	 git branch b'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'projects_list (implicit)' \
+	'gitweb_run'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'projects_index' \
+	'gitweb_run "a=project_index"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git summary (implicit)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commit (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commitdiff (implicit HEAD, root commit)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commitdiff_plain (implicit HEAD, root commit)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff_plain"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commit (HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=HEAD"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git tree (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git blob (file)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git blob_plain (file)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob_plain;f=file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# nonexistent objects
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commit (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commitdiff (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git commitdiff (non-existent vs HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=non-existent;h=HEAD"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git tree (0000000000000000000000000000000000000000)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree;h=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git tag (0000000000000000000000000000000000000000)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git blob (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'.git blob_plain (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob_plain;f=non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# commitdiff testing (implicit, one implicit tree-ish)
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): root' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): file added' \
+	'echo "New file" > new_file &&
+	 git add new_file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File added." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): mode change' \
+	'test_chmod +x new_file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "Mode changed." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): file renamed' \
+	'git mv new_file renamed_file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File renamed." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
+	'commitdiff(0): file to symlink' \
+	'rm renamed_file &&
+	 ln -s file renamed_file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File to symlink." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): file deleted' \
+	'git rm renamed_file &&
+	 rm -f renamed_file &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File removed." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): file copied / new file' \
+	'cp file file2 &&
+	 git add file2 &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File copied." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): mode change and modified' \
+	'echo "New line" >> file2 &&
+	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
+	 git commit -a -m "Mode change and modification." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): renamed and modified' \
+	'cat >file2<<EOF &&
+Dominus regit me,
+et nihil mihi deerit.
+In loco pascuae ibi me collocavit,
+super aquam refectionis educavit me;
+animam meam convertit,
+deduxit me super semitas jusitiae,
+propter nomen suum.
+EOF
+	 git commit -a -m "File added." &&
+	 git mv file2 file3 &&
+	 echo "Propter nomen suum." >> file3 &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File rename and modification." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): renamed, mode change and modified' \
+	'git mv file3 file2 &&
+	 echo "Propter nomen suum." >> file2 &&
+	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
+	 git commit -a -m "File rename, mode change and modification." &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# commitdiff testing (taken from t4114-apply-typechange.sh)
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup typechange commits' '
+	echo "hello world" > foo &&
+	echo "hi planet" > bar &&
+	git update-index --add foo bar &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch initial &&
+	rm -f foo &&
+	ln -s bar foo &&
+	git update-index foo &&
+	git commit -m "foo symlinked to bar" &&
+	git branch foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
+	rm -f foo &&
+	echo "how far is the sun?" > foo &&
+	git update-index foo &&
+	git commit -m "foo back to file" &&
+	git branch foo-back-to-file &&
+	rm -f foo &&
+	git update-index --remove foo &&
+	mkdir foo &&
+	echo "if only I knew" > foo/baz &&
+	git update-index --add foo/baz &&
+	git commit -m "foo becomes a directory" &&
+	git branch "foo-becomes-a-directory" &&
+	echo "hello world" > foo/baz &&
+	git update-index foo/baz &&
+	git commit -m "foo/baz is the original foo" &&
+	git branch foo-baz-renamed-from-foo
+	'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): file renamed from foo to foo/baz' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-baz-renamed-from-foo"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): file renamed from foo/baz to foo' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-baz-renamed-from-foo;h=initial"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): directory becomes file' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-becomes-a-directory;h=initial"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): file becomes directory' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-becomes-a-directory"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): file becomes symlink' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-symlinked-to-bar"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): symlink becomes file' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-symlinked-to-bar;h=foo-back-to-file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): symlink becomes directory' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-symlinked-to-bar;h=foo-becomes-a-directory"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(2): directory becomes symlink' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-becomes-a-directory;h=foo-symlinked-to-bar"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# commit, commitdiff: merge, large
+test_expect_success \
+	'Create a merge' \
+	'git checkout b &&
+	 echo "Branch" >> b &&
+	 git add b &&
+	 git commit -a -m "On branch" &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git pull . b'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commit(0): merge commit' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(0): merge commit' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'Prepare large commit' \
+	'git checkout b &&
+	 echo "To be changed" > 01-change &&
+	 echo "To be renamed" > 02-pure-rename-from &&
+	 echo "To be deleted" > 03-delete &&
+	 echo "To be renamed and changed" > 04-rename-from &&
+	 echo "To have mode changed" > 05-mode-change &&
+	 echo "File to symlink" > 06-file-or-symlink &&
+	 echo "To be changed and have mode changed" > 07-change-mode-change	&&
+	 git add 0* &&
+	 git commit -a -m "Prepare large commit" &&
+	 echo "Changed" > 01-change &&
+	 git mv 02-pure-rename-from 02-pure-rename-to &&
+	 git rm 03-delete && rm -f 03-delete &&
+	 echo "A new file" > 03-new &&
+	 git add 03-new &&
+	 git mv 04-rename-from 04-rename-to &&
+	 echo "Changed" >> 04-rename-to &&
+	 test_chmod +x 05-mode-change &&
+	 rm -f 06-file-or-symlink &&
+	 if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s 01-change 06-file-or-symlink
+	 else
+		printf %s 01-change > 06-file-or-symlink
+	 fi &&
+	 echo "Changed and have mode changed" > 07-change-mode-change	&&
+	 test_chmod +x 07-change-mode-change &&
+	 git commit -a -m "Large commit" &&
+	 git checkout master'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commit(1): large commit' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=b"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'commitdiff(1): large commit' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=b"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tags testing
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'tags: list of different types of tags' \
+	'git checkout master &&
+	 git tag -a -m "Tag commit object" tag-commit HEAD &&
+	 git tag -a -m "" tag-commit-nomessage HEAD &&
+	 git tag -a -m "Tag tag object" tag-tag tag-commit &&
+	 git tag -a -m "Tag tree object" tag-tree HEAD^{tree} &&
+	 git tag -a -m "Tag blob object" tag-blob HEAD:file &&
+	 git tag lightweight/tag-commit HEAD &&
+	 git tag lightweight/tag-tag tag-commit &&
+	 git tag lightweight/tag-tree HEAD^{tree} &&
+	 git tag lightweight/tag-blob HEAD:file &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tags"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'tag: Tag to commit object' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=tag-commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'tag: on lightweight tag (invalid)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=lightweight/tag-commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# logs
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'logs: log (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'logs: shortlog (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=shortlog"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, file)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, non-existent file)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, deleted file)' \
+	'git checkout master &&
+	 echo "to be deleted" > deleted_file &&
+	 git add deleted_file &&
+	 git commit -m "Add file to be deleted" &&
+	 git rm deleted_file &&
+	 git commit -m "Delete file" &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=deleted_file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# path_info links
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/b"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:file' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:dir/' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:foo/"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:file (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:non-existent"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:dir/ (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:non-existent/"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:/file' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:/file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/:/file (implicit HEAD)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/:/file"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/:/ (implicit HEAD, top tree)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/:/"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# feed generation
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'feeds: OPML' \
+	'gitweb_run "a=opml"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'feed: RSS' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=rss"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'feed: Atom' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# encoding/decoding
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'encode(commit): utf8' \
+	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	 echo "UTF-8" >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'encode(commit): iso-8859-1' \
+	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	 echo "ISO-8859-1" >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt &&
+	 git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'encode(log): utf-8 and iso-8859-1' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# extra options
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'opt: log --no-merges' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-merges"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'opt: atom --no-merges' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-merges"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'opt: "file" history --no-merges' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=file;opt=--no-merges"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'opt: log --no-such-option (invalid option)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-such-option"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'opt: tree --no-merges (invalid option for action)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree;opt=--no-merges"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# testing config_to_multi / cloneurl
+
+test_expect_success \
+       'URL: no project URLs, no base URL' \
+       'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+       'URL: project URLs via gitweb.url' \
+       'git config --add gitweb.url git://example.com/git/trash.git &&
+        git config --add gitweb.url http://example.com/git/trash.git &&
+        gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+cat >.git/cloneurl <<\EOF
+git://example.com/git/trash.git
+http://example.com/git/trash.git
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+       'URL: project URLs via cloneurl file' \
+       'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# gitweb config and repo config
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<EOF
+
+\$feature{'blame'}{'override'} = 1;
+\$feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 1;
+\$feature{'avatar'}{'override'} = 1;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features not overridden in repo config' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features disabled in repo config' \
+	'git config gitweb.blame no &&
+	 git config gitweb.snapshot none &&
+	 git config gitweb.avatar gravatar &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (1)' \
+	'git config gitweb.blame yes &&
+	 git config gitweb.snapshot "zip,tgz, tbz2" &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+cat >.git/config <<\EOF
+# testing noval and alternate separator
+[gitweb]
+	blame
+	snapshot = zip tgz
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (2)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# non-ASCII in README.html
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'README.html with non-ASCII characters (utf-8)' \
+	'echo "<b>UTF-8 example:</b><br />" > .git/README.html &&
+	 cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt >> .git/README.html &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4322a0c1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git cvsimport basic tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsimport tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
+export CVSROOT
+unset CVS_SERVER
+# for clean cvsps cache
+HOME=$(pwd)
+export HOME
+
+if ! type cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvs not found'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+cvsps_version=`cvsps -h 2>&1 | sed -ne 's/cvsps version //p'`
+case "$cvsps_version" in
+2.1 | 2.2*)
+	;;
+'')
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvsps not found'
+	test_done
+	;;
+*)
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, unsupported cvsps version'
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+test_expect_success 'setup cvsroot' 'cvs init'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a cvs module' '
+
+	mkdir "$CVSROOT/module" &&
+	cvs co -d module-cvs module &&
+	cd module-cvs &&
+	cat <<EOF >o_fortuna &&
+O Fortuna
+velut luna
+statu variabilis,
+
+semper crescis
+aut decrescis;
+vita detestabilis
+
+nunc obdurat
+et tunc curat
+ludo mentis aciem,
+
+egestatem,
+potestatem
+dissolvit ut glaciem.
+EOF
+	cvs add o_fortuna &&
+	cat <<EOF >message &&
+add "O Fortuna" lyrics
+
+These public domain lyrics make an excellent sample text.
+EOF
+	cvs commit -F message &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import a trivial module' '
+
+	git cvsimport -a -z 0 -C module-git module &&
+	test_cmp module-cvs/o_fortuna module-git/o_fortuna
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack refs' 'cd module-git && git gc && cd ..'
+
+test_expect_success 'update cvs module' '
+
+	cd module-cvs &&
+	cat <<EOF >o_fortuna &&
+O Fortune,
+like the moon
+you are changeable,
+
+ever waxing
+and waning;
+hateful life
+
+first oppresses
+and then soothes
+as fancy takes it;
+
+poverty
+and power
+it melts them like ice.
+EOF
+	cat <<EOF >message &&
+translate to English
+
+My Latin is terrible.
+EOF
+	cvs commit -F message &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git module' '
+
+	cd module-git &&
+	git cvsimport -a -z 0 module &&
+	git merge origin &&
+	cd .. &&
+	test_cmp module-cvs/o_fortuna module-git/o_fortuna
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update cvs module' '
+
+	cd module-cvs &&
+		echo 1 >tick &&
+		cvs add tick &&
+		cvs commit -m 1
+	cd ..
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvsimport.module config works' '
+
+	cd module-git &&
+		git config cvsimport.module module &&
+		git cvsimport -a -z0 &&
+		git merge origin &&
+	cd .. &&
+	test_cmp module-cvs/tick module-git/tick
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import from a CVS working tree' '
+
+	cvs co -d import-from-wt module &&
+	cd import-from-wt &&
+		git cvsimport -a -z0 &&
+		echo 1 >expect &&
+		git log -1 --pretty=format:%s%n >actual &&
+		test_cmp actual expect &&
+	cd ..
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9700-perl-git.sh b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4eb7d3f7f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Lea Wiemann
+#
+
+test_description='perl interface (Git.pm)'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping perl interface tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+perl -MTest::More -e 0 2>/dev/null || {
+	say "Perl Test::More unavailable, skipping test"
+	test_done
+}
+
+# set up test repository
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'set up test repository' \
+    'echo "test file 1" > file1 &&
+     echo "test file 2" > file2 &&
+     mkdir directory1 &&
+     echo "in directory1" >> directory1/file &&
+     mkdir directory2 &&
+     echo "in directory2" >> directory2/file &&
+     git add . &&
+     git commit -m "first commit" &&
+
+     echo "new file in subdir 2" > directory2/file2 &&
+     git add . &&
+     git commit -m "commit in directory2" &&
+
+     echo "changed file 1" > file1 &&
+     git commit -a -m "second commit" &&
+
+     git config --add color.test.slot1 green &&
+     git config --add test.string value &&
+     git config --add test.dupstring value1 &&
+     git config --add test.dupstring value2 &&
+     git config --add test.booltrue true &&
+     git config --add test.boolfalse no &&
+     git config --add test.boolother other &&
+     git config --add test.int 2k
+     '
+
+test_external_without_stderr \
+    'Perl API' \
+    perl "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9700/test.pl
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6c70aec020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use lib (split(/:/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB}));
+
+use 5.006002;
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+
+use Test::More qw(no_plan);
+
+use Cwd;
+use File::Basename;
+
+BEGIN { use_ok('Git') }
+
+# set up
+our $abs_repo_dir = Cwd->cwd;
+ok(our $r = Git->repository(Directory => "."), "open repository");
+
+# config
+is($r->config("test.string"), "value", "config scalar: string");
+is_deeply([$r->config("test.dupstring")], ["value1", "value2"],
+	  "config array: string");
+is($r->config("test.nonexistent"), undef, "config scalar: nonexistent");
+is_deeply([$r->config("test.nonexistent")], [], "config array: nonexistent");
+is($r->config_int("test.int"), 2048, "config_int: integer");
+is($r->config_int("test.nonexistent"), undef, "config_int: nonexistent");
+ok($r->config_bool("test.booltrue"), "config_bool: true");
+ok(!$r->config_bool("test.boolfalse"), "config_bool: false");
+our $ansi_green = "\x1b[32m";
+is($r->get_color("color.test.slot1", "red"), $ansi_green, "get_color");
+# Cannot test $r->get_colorbool("color.foo")) because we do not
+# control whether our STDOUT is a terminal.
+
+# Failure cases for config:
+# Save and restore STDERR; we will probably extract this into a
+# "dies_ok" method and possibly move the STDERR handling to Git.pm.
+open our $tmpstderr, ">&STDERR" or die "cannot save STDERR"; close STDERR;
+eval { $r->config("test.dupstring") };
+ok($@, "config: duplicate entry in scalar context fails");
+eval { $r->config_bool("test.boolother") };
+ok($@, "config_bool: non-boolean values fail");
+open STDERR, ">&", $tmpstderr or die "cannot restore STDERR";
+
+# ident
+like($r->ident("aUthor"), qr/^A U Thor <author\@example.com> [0-9]+ \+0000$/,
+     "ident scalar: author (type)");
+like($r->ident("cOmmitter"), qr/^C O Mitter <committer\@example.com> [0-9]+ \+0000$/,
+     "ident scalar: committer (type)");
+is($r->ident("invalid"), "invalid", "ident scalar: invalid ident string (no parsing)");
+my ($name, $email, $time_tz) = $r->ident('author');
+is_deeply([$name, $email], ["A U Thor", "author\@example.com"],
+	 "ident array: author");
+like($time_tz, qr/[0-9]+ \+0000/, "ident array: author");
+is_deeply([$r->ident("Name <email> 123 +0000")], ["Name", "email", "123 +0000"],
+	  "ident array: ident string");
+is_deeply([$r->ident("invalid")], [], "ident array: invalid ident string");
+
+# ident_person
+is($r->ident_person("aUthor"), "A U Thor <author\@example.com>",
+   "ident_person: author (type)");
+is($r->ident_person("Name <email> 123 +0000"), "Name <email>",
+   "ident_person: ident string");
+is($r->ident_person("Name", "email", "123 +0000"), "Name <email>",
+   "ident_person: array");
+
+# objects and hashes
+ok(our $file1hash = $r->command_oneline('rev-parse', "HEAD:file1"), "(get file hash)");
+my $tmpfile = "file.tmp";
+open TEMPFILE, "+>$tmpfile" or die "Can't open $tmpfile: $!";
+is($r->cat_blob($file1hash, \*TEMPFILE), 15, "cat_blob: size");
+our $blobcontents;
+{ local $/; seek TEMPFILE, 0, 0; $blobcontents = <TEMPFILE>; }
+is($blobcontents, "changed file 1\n", "cat_blob: data");
+close TEMPFILE or die "Failed writing to $tmpfile: $!";
+is(Git::hash_object("blob", $tmpfile), $file1hash, "hash_object: roundtrip");
+open TEMPFILE, ">$tmpfile" or die "Can't open $tmpfile: $!";
+print TEMPFILE my $test_text = "test blob, to be inserted\n";
+close TEMPFILE or die "Failed writing to $tmpfile: $!";
+like(our $newhash = $r->hash_and_insert_object($tmpfile), qr/[0-9a-fA-F]{40}/,
+     "hash_and_insert_object: returns hash");
+open TEMPFILE, "+>$tmpfile" or die "Can't open $tmpfile: $!";
+is($r->cat_blob($newhash, \*TEMPFILE), length $test_text, "cat_blob: roundtrip size");
+{ local $/; seek TEMPFILE, 0, 0; $blobcontents = <TEMPFILE>; }
+is($blobcontents, $test_text, "cat_blob: roundtrip data");
+close TEMPFILE;
+unlink $tmpfile;
+
+# paths
+is($r->repo_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/.git", "repo_path");
+is($r->wc_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/", "wc_path");
+is($r->wc_subdir, "", "wc_subdir initial");
+$r->wc_chdir("directory1");
+is($r->wc_subdir, "directory1", "wc_subdir after wc_chdir");
+is($r->config("test.string"), "value", "config after wc_chdir");
+
+# Object generation in sub directory
+chdir("directory2");
+my $r2 = Git->repository();
+is($r2->repo_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/.git", "repo_path (2)");
+is($r2->wc_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/", "wc_path (2)");
+is($r2->wc_subdir, "directory2/", "wc_subdir initial (2)");
+
+# commands in sub directory
+my $last_commit = $r2->command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --verify HEAD));
+like($last_commit, qr/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/, 'rev-parse returned hash');
+my $dir_commit = $r2->command_oneline('log', '-n1', '--pretty=format:%H', '.');
+isnt($last_commit, $dir_commit, 'log . does not show last commit');
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index c0754747fb..5fdc5d94a2 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -3,19 +3,41 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
+# if --tee was passed, write the output not only to the terminal, but
+# additionally to the file test-results/$BASENAME.out, too.
+case "$GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED, $* " in
+done,*)
+	# do not redirect again
+	;;
+*' --tee '*|*' --va'*)
+	mkdir -p test-results
+	BASE=test-results/$(basename "$0" .sh)
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL-sh} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	 echo $? > $BASE.exit) | tee $BASE.out
+	test "$(cat $BASE.exit)" = 0
+	exit
+	;;
+esac
+
+# Keep the original TERM for say_color
+ORIGINAL_TERM=$TERM
+
 # For repeatability, reset the environment to known value.
 LANG=C
 LC_ALL=C
 PAGER=cat
 TZ=UTC
-export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TZ
+TERM=dumb
+export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TERM TZ
 EDITOR=:
 VISUAL=:
+unset GIT_EDITOR
 unset AUTHOR_DATE
 unset AUTHOR_EMAIL
 unset AUTHOR_NAME
 unset COMMIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 unset COMMIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+unset EMAIL
 unset GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
 unset GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=author@example.com
@@ -25,9 +47,11 @@ GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=committer@example.com
 GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'
 unset GIT_DIFF_OPTS
 unset GIT_DIR
+unset GIT_WORK_TREE
 unset GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF
 unset GIT_INDEX_FILE
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
+unset GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
 unset SHA1_FILE_DIRECTORIES
 unset SHA1_FILE_DIRECTORY
 GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=5
@@ -35,6 +59,11 @@ export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
 export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
 export EDITOR VISUAL
+GIT_TEST_CMP=${GIT_TEST_CMP:-diff -u}
+
+# Protect ourselves from common misconfiguration to export
+# CDPATH into the environment
+unset CDPATH
 
 case $(echo $GIT_TRACE |tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]") in
 	1|2|true)
@@ -51,19 +80,15 @@ esac
 # This test checks if command xyzzy does the right thing...
 # '
 # . ./test-lib.sh
-
-error () {
-	echo "* error: $*"
-	trap - exit
-	exit 1
-}
-
-say () {
-	echo "* $*"
-}
-
-test "${test_description}" != "" ||
-error "Test script did not set test_description."
+[ "x$ORIGINAL_TERM" != "xdumb" ] && (
+		TERM=$ORIGINAL_TERM &&
+		export TERM &&
+		[ -t 1 ] &&
+		tput bold >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		tput setaf 1 >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		tput sgr0 >/dev/null 2>&1
+	) &&
+	color=t
 
 while test "$#" -ne 0
 do
@@ -72,19 +97,73 @@ do
 		debug=t; shift ;;
 	-i|--i|--im|--imm|--imme|--immed|--immedi|--immedia|--immediat|--immediate)
 		immediate=t; shift ;;
+	-l|--l|--lo|--lon|--long|--long-|--long-t|--long-te|--long-tes|--long-test|--long-tests)
+		GIT_TEST_LONG=t; export GIT_TEST_LONG; shift ;;
 	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
-		echo "$test_description"
-		exit 0 ;;
+		help=t; shift ;;
 	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
 		verbose=t; shift ;;
+	-q|--q|--qu|--qui|--quie|--quiet)
+		quiet=t; shift ;;
+	--no-color)
+		color=; shift ;;
 	--no-python)
 		# noop now...
 		shift ;;
+	--va|--val|--valg|--valgr|--valgri|--valgrin|--valgrind)
+		valgrind=t; verbose=t; shift ;;
+	--tee)
+		shift ;; # was handled already
 	*)
-		break ;;
+		echo "error: unknown test option '$1'" >&2; exit 1 ;;
 	esac
 done
 
+if test -n "$color"; then
+	say_color () {
+		(
+		TERM=$ORIGINAL_TERM
+		export TERM
+		case "$1" in
+			error) tput bold; tput setaf 1;; # bold red
+			skip)  tput bold; tput setaf 2;; # bold green
+			pass)  tput setaf 2;;            # green
+			info)  tput setaf 3;;            # brown
+			*) test -n "$quiet" && return;;
+		esac
+		shift
+		printf "* %s" "$*"
+		tput sgr0
+		echo
+		)
+	}
+else
+	say_color() {
+		test -z "$1" && test -n "$quiet" && return
+		shift
+		echo "* $*"
+	}
+fi
+
+error () {
+	say_color error "error: $*"
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
+	exit 1
+}
+
+say () {
+	say_color info "$*"
+}
+
+test "${test_description}" != "" ||
+error "Test script did not set test_description."
+
+if test "$help" = "t"
+then
+	echo "$test_description"
+	exit 0
+fi
+
 exec 5>&1
 if test "$verbose" = "t"
 then
@@ -95,8 +174,39 @@ fi
 
 test_failure=0
 test_count=0
+test_fixed=0
+test_broken=0
+test_success=0
+
+die () {
+	code=$?
+	if test -n "$GIT_EXIT_OK"
+	then
+		exit $code
+	else
+		echo >&5 "FATAL: Unexpected exit with code $code"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
 
-trap 'echo >&5 "FATAL: Unexpected exit with code $?"; exit 1' exit
+GIT_EXIT_OK=
+trap 'die' EXIT
+
+# The semantics of the editor variables are that of invoking
+# sh -c "$EDITOR \"$@\"" files ...
+#
+# If our trash directory contains shell metacharacters, they will be
+# interpreted if we just set $EDITOR directly, so do a little dance with
+# environment variables to work around this.
+#
+# In particular, quoting isn't enough, as the path may contain the same quote
+# that we're using.
+test_set_editor () {
+	FAKE_EDITOR="$1"
+	export FAKE_EDITOR
+	VISUAL='"$FAKE_EDITOR"'
+	export VISUAL
+}
 
 test_tick () {
 	if test -z "${test_tick+set}"
@@ -110,23 +220,90 @@ test_tick () {
 	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 }
 
+# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents>]]"
+#
+# This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
+# message.  It will also add a tag with <message> as name.
+#
+# Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
+
+test_commit () {
+	file=${2:-"$1.t"}
+	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
+	git add "$file" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$1" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
+# can be a tag pointing to the commit-to-merge.
+
+test_merge () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m "$1" "$2" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# This function helps systems where core.filemode=false is set.
+# Use it instead of plain 'chmod +x' to set or unset the executable bit
+# of a file in the working directory and add it to the index.
+
+test_chmod () {
+	chmod "$@" &&
+	git update-index --add "--chmod=$@"
+}
+
+# Use test_set_prereq to tell that a particular prerequisite is available.
+# The prerequisite can later be checked for in two ways:
+#
+# - Explicitly using test_have_prereq.
+#
+# - Implicitly by specifying the prerequisite tag in the calls to
+#   test_expect_{success,failure,code}.
+#
+# The single parameter is the prerequisite tag (a simple word, in all
+# capital letters by convention).
+
+test_set_prereq () {
+	satisfied="$satisfied$1 "
+}
+satisfied=" "
+
+test_have_prereq () {
+	case $satisfied in
+	*" $1 "*)
+		: yes, have it ;;
+	*)
+		! : nope ;;
+	esac
+}
+
 # You are not expected to call test_ok_ and test_failure_ directly, use
 # the text_expect_* functions instead.
 
 test_ok_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
-	say "  ok $test_count: $@"
+	test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
+	say_color "" "  ok $test_count: $@"
 }
 
 test_failure_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
-	test_failure=$(expr "$test_failure" + 1);
-	say "FAIL $test_count: $1"
+	test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
+	say_color error "FAIL $test_count: $1"
 	shift
 	echo "$@" | sed -e 's/^/	/'
-	test "$immediate" = "" || { trap - exit; exit 1; }
+	test "$immediate" = "" || { GIT_EXIT_OK=t; exit 1; }
 }
 
+test_known_broken_ok_ () {
+	test_fixed=$(($test_fixed+1))
+	say_color "" "  FIXED $test_count: $@"
+}
+
+test_known_broken_failure_ () {
+	test_broken=$(($test_broken+1))
+	say_color skip "  still broken $test_count: $@"
+}
 
 test_debug () {
 	test "$debug" = "" || eval "$1"
@@ -139,21 +316,24 @@ test_run_ () {
 }
 
 test_skip () {
-	this_test=$(expr "./$0" : '.*/\(t[0-9]*\)-[^/]*$')
-	this_test="$this_test.$(expr "$test_count" + 1)"
+	test_count=$(($test_count+1))
 	to_skip=
 	for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
 	do
-		case "$this_test" in
+		case $this_test.$test_count in
 		$skp)
 			to_skip=t
 		esac
 	done
+	if test -z "$to_skip" && test -n "$prereq" &&
+	   ! test_have_prereq "$prereq"
+	then
+		to_skip=t
+	fi
 	case "$to_skip" in
 	t)
-		say >&3 "skipping test: $@"
-		test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
-		say "skip $test_count: $1"
+		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test: $@"
+		say_color skip "skip $test_count: $1"
 		: true
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -163,25 +343,27 @@ test_skip () {
 }
 
 test_expect_failure () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-expect-failure"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
-		say >&3 "expecting failure: $2"
+		say >&3 "checking known breakage: $2"
 		test_run_ "$2"
-		if [ "$?" = 0 -a "$eval_ret" != 0 -a "$eval_ret" -lt 129 ]
+		if [ "$?" = 0 -a "$eval_ret" = 0 ]
 		then
-			test_ok_ "$1"
+			test_known_broken_ok_ "$1"
 		else
-			test_failure_ "$@"
+			test_known_broken_failure_ "$1"
 		fi
 	fi
 	echo >&3 ""
 }
 
 test_expect_success () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "expecting success: $2"
@@ -197,8 +379,9 @@ test_expect_success () {
 }
 
 test_expect_code () {
+	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 3 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test-expect-code"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test-expect-code"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "expecting exit code $1: $3"
@@ -213,50 +396,238 @@ test_expect_code () {
 	echo >&3 ""
 }
 
-# Most tests can use the created repository, but some amy need to create more.
+# test_external runs external test scripts that provide continuous
+# test output about their progress, and succeeds/fails on
+# zero/non-zero exit code.  It outputs the test output on stdout even
+# in non-verbose mode, and announces the external script with "* run
+# <n>: ..." before running it.  When providing relative paths, keep in
+# mind that all scripts run in "trash directory".
+# Usage: test_external description command arguments...
+# Example: test_external 'Perl API' perl ../path/to/test.pl
+test_external () {
+	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
+	test "$#" = 3 ||
+	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
+	descr="$1"
+	shift
+	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
+	then
+		# Announce the script to reduce confusion about the
+		# test output that follows.
+		say_color "" " run $test_count: $descr ($*)"
+		# Run command; redirect its stderr to &4 as in
+		# test_run_, but keep its stdout on our stdout even in
+		# non-verbose mode.
+		"$@" 2>&4
+		if [ "$?" = 0 ]
+		then
+			test_ok_ "$descr"
+		else
+			test_failure_ "$descr" "$@"
+		fi
+	fi
+}
+
+# Like test_external, but in addition tests that the command generated
+# no output on stderr.
+test_external_without_stderr () {
+	# The temporary file has no (and must have no) security
+	# implications.
+	tmp="$TMPDIR"; if [ -z "$tmp" ]; then tmp=/tmp; fi
+	stderr="$tmp/git-external-stderr.$$.tmp"
+	test_external "$@" 4> "$stderr"
+	[ -f "$stderr" ] || error "Internal error: $stderr disappeared."
+	descr="no stderr: $1"
+	shift
+	say >&3 "expecting no stderr from previous command"
+	if [ ! -s "$stderr" ]; then
+		rm "$stderr"
+		test_ok_ "$descr"
+	else
+		if [ "$verbose" = t ]; then
+			output=`echo; echo Stderr is:; cat "$stderr"`
+		else
+			output=
+		fi
+		# rm first in case test_failure exits.
+		rm "$stderr"
+		test_failure_ "$descr" "$@" "$output"
+	fi
+}
+
+# This is not among top-level (test_expect_success | test_expect_failure)
+# but is a prefix that can be used in the test script, like:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'complain and die' '
+#           do something &&
+#           do something else &&
+#	    test_must_fail git checkout ../outerspace
+#	'
+#
+# Writing this as "! git checkout ../outerspace" is wrong, because
+# the failure could be due to a segv.  We want a controlled failure.
+
+test_must_fail () {
+	"$@"
+	test $? -gt 0 -a $? -le 129 -o $? -gt 192
+}
+
+# test_cmp is a helper function to compare actual and expected output.
+# You can use it like:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'foo works' '
+#		echo expected >expected &&
+#		foo >actual &&
+#		test_cmp expected actual
+#	'
+#
+# This could be written as either "cmp" or "diff -u", but:
+# - cmp's output is not nearly as easy to read as diff -u
+# - not all diff versions understand "-u"
+
+test_cmp() {
+	$GIT_TEST_CMP "$@"
+}
+
+# Most tests can use the created repository, but some may need to create more.
 # Usage: test_create_repo <directory>
 test_create_repo () {
 	test "$#" = 1 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 1 parameter to test-create-repo"
 	owd=`pwd`
 	repo="$1"
-	mkdir "$repo"
+	mkdir -p "$repo"
 	cd "$repo" || error "Cannot setup test environment"
-	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git" init --template=$GIT_EXEC_PATH/templates/blt/ >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
+	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-init" "--template=$TEST_DIRECTORY/../templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
 	error "cannot run git init -- have you built things yet?"
 	mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
 	cd "$owd"
 }
-	
+
 test_done () {
-	trap - exit
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
+	test_results_dir="$TEST_DIRECTORY/test-results"
+	mkdir -p "$test_results_dir"
+	test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${0%.sh}-$$"
+
+	echo "total $test_count" >> $test_results_path
+	echo "success $test_success" >> $test_results_path
+	echo "fixed $test_fixed" >> $test_results_path
+	echo "broken $test_broken" >> $test_results_path
+	echo "failed $test_failure" >> $test_results_path
+	echo "" >> $test_results_path
+
+	if test "$test_fixed" != 0
+	then
+		say_color pass "fixed $test_fixed known breakage(s)"
+	fi
+	if test "$test_broken" != 0
+	then
+		say_color error "still have $test_broken known breakage(s)"
+		msg="remaining $(($test_count-$test_broken)) test(s)"
+	else
+		msg="$test_count test(s)"
+	fi
 	case "$test_failure" in
 	0)
-		# We could:
-		# cd .. && rm -fr trash
-		# but that means we forbid any tests that use their own
-		# subdirectory from calling test_done without coming back
-		# to where they started from.
-		# The Makefile provided will clean this test area so
-		# we will leave things as they are.
-
-		say "passed all $test_count test(s)"
+		say_color pass "passed all $msg"
+
+		test -d "$remove_trash" &&
+		cd "$(dirname "$remove_trash")" &&
+		rm -rf "$(basename "$remove_trash")"
+
 		exit 0 ;;
 
 	*)
-		say "failed $test_failure among $test_count test(s)"
+		say_color error "failed $test_failure among $msg"
 		exit 1 ;;
 
 	esac
 }
 
 # Test the binaries we have just built.  The tests are kept in
-# t/ subdirectory and are run in trash subdirectory.
-PATH=$(pwd)/..:$PATH
-GIT_EXEC_PATH=$(pwd)/..
+# t/ subdirectory and are run in 'trash directory' subdirectory.
+TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
+if test -z "$valgrind"
+then
+	if test -z "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED"
+	then
+		PATH=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..:$PATH
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+	else
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=$($GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path)  ||
+		error "Cannot run git from $GIT_TEST_INSTALLED."
+		PATH=$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:$TEST_DIRECTORY/..:$PATH
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=${GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH:-$GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	fi
+else
+	make_symlink () {
+		test -h "$2" &&
+		test "$1" = "$(readlink "$2")" || {
+			# be super paranoid
+			if mkdir "$2".lock
+			then
+				rm -f "$2" &&
+				ln -s "$1" "$2" &&
+				rm -r "$2".lock
+			else
+				while test -d "$2".lock
+				do
+					say "Waiting for lock on $2."
+					sleep 1
+				done
+			fi
+		}
+	}
+
+	make_valgrind_symlink () {
+		# handle only executables
+		test -x "$1" || return
+
+		base=$(basename "$1")
+		symlink_target=$TEST_DIRECTORY/../$base
+		# do not override scripts
+		if test -x "$symlink_target" &&
+		    test ! -d "$symlink_target" &&
+		    test "#!" != "$(head -c 2 < "$symlink_target")"
+		then
+			symlink_target=../valgrind.sh
+		fi
+		case "$base" in
+		*.sh|*.perl)
+			symlink_target=../unprocessed-script
+		esac
+		# create the link, or replace it if it is out of date
+		make_symlink "$symlink_target" "$GIT_VALGRIND/bin/$base" || exit
+	}
+
+	# override all git executables in TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+	GIT_VALGRIND=$TEST_DIRECTORY/valgrind
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_VALGRIND"/bin
+	for file in $TEST_DIRECTORY/../git* $TEST_DIRECTORY/../test-*
+	do
+		make_valgrind_symlink $file
+	done
+	OLDIFS=$IFS
+	IFS=:
+	for path in $PATH
+	do
+		ls "$path"/git-* 2> /dev/null |
+		while read file
+		do
+			make_valgrind_symlink "$file"
+		done
+	done
+	IFS=$OLDIFS
+	PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin:$PATH
+	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin
+	export GIT_VALGRIND
+fi
 GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR=$(pwd)/../templates/blt
-GIT_CONFIG=.git/config
-export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+unset GIT_CONFIG
+GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM=1
+GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL=1
+export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL
 
 GITPERLLIB=$(pwd)/../perl/blib/lib:$(pwd)/../perl/blib/arch/auto/Git
 export GITPERLLIB
@@ -270,13 +641,24 @@ if ! test -x ../test-chmtime; then
 	exit 1
 fi
 
+. ../GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+
 # Test repository
-test=trash
-rm -fr "$test"
-test_create_repo $test
-cd "$test"
+test="trash directory.$(basename "$0" .sh)"
+test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash="$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test"
+rm -fr "$test" || {
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
+	echo >&5 "FATAL: Cannot prepare test area"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+test_create_repo "$test"
+# Use -P to resolve symlinks in our working directory so that the cwd
+# in subprocesses like git equals our $PWD (for pathname comparisons).
+cd -P "$test" || exit 1
 
-this_test=$(expr "./$0" : '.*/\(t[0-9]*\)-[^/]*$')
+this_test=${0##*/}
+this_test=${this_test%%-*}
 for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
 do
 	to_skip=
@@ -289,8 +671,42 @@ do
 	done
 	case "$to_skip" in
 	t)
-		say >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
-		say "skip all tests in $this_test"
+		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
+		say_color skip "skip all tests in $this_test"
 		test_done
 	esac
 done
+
+# Fix some commands on Windows
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
+	sort () {
+		/usr/bin/sort "$@"
+	}
+	find () {
+		/usr/bin/find "$@"
+	}
+	sum () {
+		md5sum "$@"
+	}
+	# git sees Windows-style pwd
+	pwd () {
+		builtin pwd -W
+	}
+	# no POSIX permissions
+	# backslashes in pathspec are converted to '/'
+	# exec does not inherit the PID
+	;;
+*)
+	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
+	test_set_prereq BSLASHPSPEC
+	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
+	;;
+esac
+
+test -z "$NO_PERL" && test_set_prereq PERL
+
+# test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
+ln -s x y 2>/dev/null && test -h y 2>/dev/null && test_set_prereq SYMLINKS
+rm -f y
diff --git a/t/valgrind/.gitignore b/t/valgrind/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4ae6676d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/bin/
+/templates
diff --git a/t/valgrind/analyze.sh b/t/valgrind/analyze.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d8105d9fab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/analyze.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+out_prefix=$(dirname "$0")/../test-results/valgrind.out
+output=
+count=0
+total_count=0
+missing_message=
+new_line='
+'
+
+# start outputting the current valgrind error in $out_prefix.++$count,
+# and the test case which failed in the corresponding .message file
+start_output () {
+	test -z "$output" || return
+
+	# progress
+	total_count=$(($total_count+1))
+	test -t 2 && printf "\rFound %d errors" $total_count >&2
+
+	count=$(($count+1))
+	output=$out_prefix.$count
+	: > $output
+
+	echo "*** $1 ***" > $output.message
+}
+
+finish_output () {
+	test ! -z "$output" || return
+	output=
+
+	# if a test case has more than one valgrind error, we need to
+	# copy the last .message file to the previous errors
+	test -z "$missing_message" || {
+		while test $missing_message -lt $count
+		do
+			cp $out_prefix.$count.message \
+				$out_prefix.$missing_message.message
+			missing_message=$(($missing_message+1))
+		done
+		missing_message=
+	}
+}
+
+# group the valgrind errors by backtrace
+output_all () {
+	last_line=
+	j=0
+	i=1
+	while test $i -le $count
+	do
+		# output <number> <backtrace-in-one-line>
+		echo "$i $(tr '\n' ' ' < $out_prefix.$i)"
+		i=$(($i+1))
+	done |
+	sort -t ' ' -k 2 | # order by <backtrace-in-one-line>
+	while read number line
+	do
+		# find duplicates, do not output backtrace twice
+		if test "$line" != "$last_line"
+		then
+			last_line=$line
+			j=$(($j+1))
+			printf "\nValgrind error $j:\n\n"
+			cat $out_prefix.$number
+			printf "\nfound in:\n"
+		fi
+		# print the test case where this came from
+		printf "\n"
+		cat $out_prefix.$number.message
+	done
+}
+
+handle_one () {
+	OLDIFS=$IFS
+	IFS="$new_line"
+	while read line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		# backtrace, possibly a new one
+		==[0-9]*)
+
+			# Does the current valgrind error have a message yet?
+			case "$output" in
+			*.message)
+				test -z "$missing_message" &&
+				missing_message=$count
+				output=
+			esac
+
+			start_output $(basename $1)
+			echo "$line" |
+			sed 's/==[0-9]*==/==valgrind==/' >> $output
+			;;
+		# end of backtrace
+		'}')
+			test -z "$output" || {
+				echo "$line" >> $output
+				test $output = ${output%.message} &&
+				output=$output.message
+			}
+			;;
+		# end of test case
+		'')
+			finish_output
+			;;
+		# normal line; if $output is set, print the line
+		*)
+			test -z "$output" || echo "$line" >> $output
+			;;
+		esac
+	done < $1
+	IFS=$OLDIFS
+
+	# just to be safe
+	finish_output
+}
+
+for test_script in "$(dirname "$0")"/../test-results/*.out
+do
+	handle_one $test_script
+done
+
+output_all
diff --git a/t/valgrind/default.supp b/t/valgrind/default.supp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e013fa3b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/default.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-cond
+	Memcheck:Cond
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-value8
+	Memcheck:Value8
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-value4
+	Memcheck:Value4
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-cond
+	Memcheck:Cond
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-addr8
+	Memcheck:Addr8
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-addr4
+	Memcheck:Addr4
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	writing-data-from-zlib-triggers-even-more-errors
+	Memcheck:Param
+	write(buf)
+	obj:/lib/ld-*.so
+	fun:write_in_full
+	fun:write_buffer
+	fun:write_loose_object
+}
diff --git a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..582b4dca94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+base=$(basename "$0")
+
+TRACK_ORIGINS=
+
+VALGRIND_VERSION=$(valgrind --version)
+VALGRIND_MAJOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*\([0-9]*\)')
+VALGRIND_MINOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*[0-9]*\.\([0-9]*\)')
+test 3 -gt "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" ||
+test 3 -eq "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" -a 4 -gt "$VALGRIND_MINOR" ||
+TRACK_ORIGINS=--track-origins=yes
+
+exec valgrind -q --error-exitcode=126 \
+	--leak-check=no \
+	--suppressions="$GIT_VALGRIND/default.supp" \
+	--gen-suppressions=all \
+	$TRACK_ORIGINS \
+	--log-fd=4 \
+	--input-fd=4 \
+	$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS \
+	"$GIT_VALGRIND"/../../"$base" "$@"
diff --git a/tag.c b/tag.c
index 56a49f4fe1..4470d2bf78 100644
--- a/tag.c
+++ b/tag.c
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ const char *tag_type = "tag";
 struct object *deref_tag(struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
 {
 	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG)
-		o = parse_object(((struct tag *)o)->tagged->sha1);
+		if (((struct tag *)o)->tagged)
+			o = parse_object(((struct tag *)o)->tagged->sha1);
+		else
+			o = NULL;
 	if (!o && warn) {
 		if (!warnlen)
 			warnlen = strlen(warn);
@@ -20,17 +23,13 @@ struct object *deref_tag(struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
 
 struct tag *lookup_tag(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-        struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
-        if (!obj) {
-                struct tag *ret = alloc_tag_node();
-                created_object(sha1, &ret->object);
-                ret->object.type = OBJ_TAG;
-                return ret;
-        }
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj)
+		return create_object(sha1, OBJ_TAG, alloc_tag_node());
 	if (!obj->type)
 		obj->type = OBJ_TAG;
         if (obj->type != OBJ_TAG) {
-                error("Object %s is a %s, not a tree",
+                error("Object %s is a %s, not a tag",
                       sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj->type));
                 return NULL;
         }
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	const char *type_line, *tag_line, *sig_line;
 	char type[20];
+	const char *start = data;
 
         if (item->object.parsed)
                 return 0;
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size)
 	if (memcmp("\ntype ", type_line-1, 6))
 		return -1;
 
-	tag_line = strchr(type_line, '\n');
+	tag_line = memchr(type_line, '\n', size - (type_line - start));
 	if (!tag_line || memcmp("tag ", ++tag_line, 4))
 		return -1;
 
-	sig_line = strchr(tag_line, '\n');
+	sig_line = memchr(tag_line, '\n', size - (tag_line - start));
 	if (!sig_line)
 		return -1;
 	sig_line++;
@@ -72,9 +72,7 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size)
 	memcpy(type, type_line + 5, typelen);
 	type[typelen] = '\0';
 	taglen = sig_line - tag_line - strlen("tag \n");
-	item->tag = xmalloc(taglen + 1);
-	memcpy(item->tag, tag_line + 4, taglen);
-	item->tag[taglen] = '\0';
+	item->tag = xmemdupz(tag_line + 4, taglen);
 
 	if (!strcmp(type, blob_type)) {
 		item->tagged = &lookup_blob(sha1)->object;
@@ -89,12 +87,6 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size)
 		item->tagged = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (item->tagged && track_object_refs) {
-		struct object_refs *refs = alloc_object_refs(1);
-		refs->ref[0] = item->tagged;
-		set_object_refs(&item->object, refs);
-	}
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/templates/Makefile b/templates/Makefile
index b8352e731b..a12c6e214e 100644
--- a/templates/Makefile
+++ b/templates/Makefile
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ endif
 
 INSTALL ?= install
 TAR ?= tar
+RM ?= rm -f
 prefix ?= $(HOME)
-template_dir ?= $(prefix)/share/git-core/templates/
+template_instdir ?= $(prefix)/share/git-core/templates
 # DESTDIR=
 
 # Shell quote (do not use $(call) to accommodate ancient setups);
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
-template_dir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_dir))
+template_instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_instdir))
 
 all: boilerplates.made custom
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ all: boilerplates.made custom
 
 bpsrc = $(filter-out %~,$(wildcard *--*))
 boilerplates.made : $(bpsrc)
-	$(QUIET)ls *--* 2>/dev/null | \
+	$(QUIET)umask 022 && ls *--* 2>/dev/null | \
 	while read boilerplate; \
 	do \
 		case "$$boilerplate" in *~) continue ;; esac && \
@@ -30,9 +31,11 @@ boilerplates.made : $(bpsrc)
 		dir=`expr "$$dst" : '\(.*\)/'` && \
 		mkdir -p blt/$$dir && \
 		case "$$boilerplate" in \
-		*--) ;; \
-		*) cp $$boilerplate blt/$$dst ;; \
-		esac || exit; \
+		*--) continue;; \
+		esac && \
+		cp $$boilerplate blt/$$dst && \
+		if test -x "blt/$$dst"; then rx=rx; else rx=r; fi && \
+		chmod a+$$rx "blt/$$dst" || exit; \
 	done && \
 	date >$@
 
@@ -42,9 +45,9 @@ custom:
 	$(QUIET): no custom templates yet
 
 clean:
-	rm -rf blt boilerplates.made
+	$(RM) -r blt boilerplates.made
 
 install: all
-	$(INSTALL) -d -m755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_dir_SQ)'
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_instdir_SQ)'
 	(cd blt && $(TAR) cf - .) | \
-	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_dir_SQ)' && $(TAR) xf -)
+	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_instdir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xfo -)
diff --git a/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg b/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample
index 02de1ef84c..8b2a2fe84f 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg
+++ b/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 # appropriate message if it wants to stop the commit.  The hook is
 # allowed to edit the commit message file.
 #
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable.
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "applypatch-msg".
 
 . git-sh-setup
 test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/commit-msg" &&
diff --git a/templates/hooks--commit-msg b/templates/hooks--commit-msg.sample
index 9b04f2d69c..6ef1d29d09 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--commit-msg
+++ b/templates/hooks--commit-msg.sample
@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@
 # status after issuing an appropriate message if it wants to stop the
 # commit.  The hook is allowed to edit the commit message file.
 #
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable.
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "commit-msg".
 
 # Uncomment the below to add a Signed-off-by line to the message.
+# Doing this in a hook is a bad idea in general, but the prepare-commit-msg
+# hook is more suited to it.
+#
 # SOB=$(git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
 # grep -qs "^$SOB" "$1" || echo "$SOB" >> "$1"
 
@@ -19,4 +22,3 @@ test "" = "$(grep '^Signed-off-by: ' "$1" |
 	echo >&2 Duplicate Signed-off-by lines.
 	exit 1
 }
-
diff --git a/templates/hooks--post-commit b/templates/hooks--post-commit.sample
index 8be6f34ad9..22668216a3 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--post-commit
+++ b/templates/hooks--post-commit.sample
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 # An example hook script that is called after a successful
 # commit is made.
 #
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable.
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "post-commit".
 
 : Nothing
diff --git a/templates/hooks--post-receive b/templates/hooks--post-receive
deleted file mode 100644
index 190de2688c..0000000000
--- a/templates/hooks--post-receive
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# An example hook script for the post-receive event
-#
-# This script is run after receive-pack has accepted a pack and the
-# repository has been updated.  It is passed arguments in through stdin
-# in the form
-#  <oldrev> <newrev> <refname>
-# For example:
-#  aa453216d1b3e49e7f6f98441fa56946ddcd6a20 68f7abf4e6f922807889f52bc043ecd31b79f814 refs/heads/master
-#
-# see contrib/hooks/ for an sample, or uncomment the next line (on debian)
-#
-
-
-#. /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
-
diff --git a/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample b/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..18d2e0f727
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script for the "post-receive" event.
+#
+# The "post-receive" script is run after receive-pack has accepted a pack
+# and the repository has been updated.  It is passed arguments in through
+# stdin in the form
+#  <oldrev> <newrev> <refname>
+# For example:
+#  aa453216d1b3e49e7f6f98441fa56946ddcd6a20 68f7abf4e6f922807889f52bc043ecd31b79f814 refs/heads/master
+#
+# see contrib/hooks/ for an sample, or uncomment the next line and
+# rename the file to "post-receive".
+
+#. /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
diff --git a/templates/hooks--post-update b/templates/hooks--post-update.sample
index bcba8937bb..5323b56b81 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--post-update
+++ b/templates/hooks--post-update.sample
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 # An example hook script to prepare a packed repository for use over
 # dumb transports.
 #
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable by "chmod +x post-update".
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "post-update".
 
 exec git-update-server-info
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch b/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample
index 5f56ce8053..b1f187c2e9 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample
@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@
 # The hook should exit with non-zero status after issuing an
 # appropriate message if it wants to stop the commit.
 #
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable.
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-applypatch".
 
 . git-sh-setup
 test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-commit" &&
 	exec "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-commit" ${1+"$@"}
 :
-
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-commit b/templates/hooks--pre-commit
deleted file mode 100644
index 723a9ef210..0000000000
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-commit
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# An example hook script to verify what is about to be committed.
-# Called by git-commit with no arguments.  The hook should
-# exit with non-zero status after issuing an appropriate message if
-# it wants to stop the commit.
-#
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable.
-
-# This is slightly modified from Andrew Morton's Perfect Patch.
-# Lines you introduce should not have trailing whitespace.
-# Also check for an indentation that has SP before a TAB.
-
-if git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null
-then
-	git-diff-index -p -M --cached HEAD
-else
-	# NEEDSWORK: we should produce a diff with an empty tree here
-	# if we want to do the same verification for the initial import.
-	:
-fi |
-perl -e '
-    my $found_bad = 0;
-    my $filename;
-    my $reported_filename = "";
-    my $lineno;
-    sub bad_line {
-	my ($why, $line) = @_;
-	if (!$found_bad) {
-	    print STDERR "*\n";
-	    print STDERR "* You have some suspicious patch lines:\n";
-	    print STDERR "*\n";
-	    $found_bad = 1;
-	}
-	if ($reported_filename ne $filename) {
-	    print STDERR "* In $filename\n";
-	    $reported_filename = $filename;
-	}
-	print STDERR "* $why (line $lineno)\n";
-	print STDERR "$filename:$lineno:$line\n";
-    }
-    while (<>) {
-	if (m|^diff --git a/(.*) b/\1$|) {
-	    $filename = $1;
-	    next;
-	}
-	if (/^@@ -\S+ \+(\d+)/) {
-	    $lineno = $1 - 1;
-	    next;
-	}
-	if (/^ /) {
-	    $lineno++;
-	    next;
-	}
-	if (s/^\+//) {
-	    $lineno++;
-	    chomp;
-	    if (/\s$/) {
-		bad_line("trailing whitespace", $_);
-	    }
-	    if (/^\s* 	/) {
-		bad_line("indent SP followed by a TAB", $_);
-	    }
-	    if (/^(?:[<>=]){7}/) {
-		bad_line("unresolved merge conflict", $_);
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    exit($found_bad);
-'
-
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b11ad6a6fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script to verify what is about to be committed.
+# Called by git-commit with no arguments.  The hook should
+# exit with non-zero status after issuing an appropriate message if
+# it wants to stop the commit.
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-commit".
+
+# If you want to allow non-ascii filenames set this variable to true.
+allownonascii=$(git config hooks.allownonascii)
+
+# Cross platform projects tend to avoid non-ascii filenames; prevent
+# them from being added to the repository. We exploit the fact that the
+# printable range starts at the space character and ends with tilde.
+if [ "$allownonascii" != "true" ] &&
+	test "$(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A -z |
+	  LC_ALL=C tr -d '[ -~]\0')"
+then
+	echo "Error: Attempt to add a non-ascii filename."
+	echo
+	echo "This can cause problems if you want to work together"
+	echo "with people on other platforms than you."
+	echo
+	echo "To be portable it is adviseable to rename the file ..."
+	echo
+	echo "If you know what you are doing you can disable this"
+	echo "check using:"
+	echo
+	echo "  git config hooks.allownonascii true"
+	echo
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+if git-rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	against=HEAD
+else
+	# Initial commit: diff against an empty tree object
+	against=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+fi
+
+exec git diff-index --check --cached $against --
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-rebase b/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample
index 981c454cda..be1b06e250 100644..100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-rebase
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample
@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
+# Copyright (c) 2006, 2008 Junio C Hamano
 #
+# The "pre-rebase" hook is run just before "git-rebase" starts doing
+# its job, and can prevent the command from running by exiting with
+# non-zero status.
+#
+# The hook is called with the following parameters:
+#
+# $1 -- the upstream the series was forked from.
+# $2 -- the branch being rebased (or empty when rebasing the current branch).
+#
+# This sample shows how to prevent topic branches that are already
+# merged to 'next' branch from getting rebased, because allowing it
+# would result in rebasing already published history.
 
 publish=next
 basebranch="$1"
@@ -9,11 +21,12 @@ if test "$#" = 2
 then
 	topic="refs/heads/$2"
 else
-	topic=`git symbolic-ref HEAD`
+	topic=`git symbolic-ref HEAD` ||
+	exit 0 ;# we do not interrupt rebasing detached HEAD
 fi
 
-case "$basebranch,$topic" in
-master,refs/heads/??/*)
+case "$topic" in
+refs/heads/??/*)
 	;;
 *)
 	exit 0 ;# we do not interrupt others.
@@ -23,6 +36,12 @@ esac
 # Now we are dealing with a topic branch being rebased
 # on top of master.  Is it OK to rebase it?
 
+# Does the topic really exist?
+git show-ref -q "$topic" || {
+	echo >&2 "No such branch $topic"
+	exit 1
+}
+
 # Is topic fully merged to master?
 not_in_master=`git-rev-list --pretty=oneline ^master "$topic"`
 if test -z "$not_in_master"
diff --git a/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample b/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..365242499d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script to prepare the commit log message.
+# Called by git-commit with the name of the file that has the
+# commit message, followed by the description of the commit
+# message's source.  The hook's purpose is to edit the commit
+# message file.  If the hook fails with a non-zero status,
+# the commit is aborted.
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "prepare-commit-msg".
+
+# This hook includes three examples.  The first comments out the
+# "Conflicts:" part of a merge commit.
+#
+# The second includes the output of "git diff --name-status -r"
+# into the message, just before the "git status" output.  It is
+# commented because it doesn't cope with --amend or with squashed
+# commits.
+#
+# The third example adds a Signed-off-by line to the message, that can
+# still be edited.  This is rarely a good idea.
+
+case "$2,$3" in
+  merge,)
+    perl -i.bak -ne 's/^/# /, s/^# #/#/ if /^Conflicts/ .. /#/; print' "$1" ;;
+
+# ,|template,)
+#   perl -i.bak -pe '
+#      print "\n" . `git diff --cached --name-status -r`
+#	 if /^#/ && $first++ == 0' "$1" ;;
+
+  *) ;;
+esac
+
+# SOB=$(git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
+# grep -qs "^$SOB" "$1" || echo "$SOB" >> "$1"
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update b/templates/hooks--update
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ff03309e6..0000000000
--- a/templates/hooks--update
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# An example hook script to blocks unannotated tags from entering.
-# Called by git-receive-pack with arguments: refname sha1-old sha1-new
-#
-# To enable this hook, make this file executable by "chmod +x update".
-#
-# Config
-# ------
-# hooks.allowunannotated
-#   This boolean sets whether unannotated tags will be allowed into the
-#   repository.  By default they won't be.
-#
-
-# --- Command line
-refname="$1"
-oldrev="$2"
-newrev="$3"
-
-# --- Safety check
-if [ -z "$GIT_DIR" ]; then
-	echo "Don't run this script from the command line." >&2
-	echo " (if you want, you could supply GIT_DIR then run" >&2
-	echo "  $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>)" >&2
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$refname" -o -z "$oldrev" -o -z "$newrev" ]; then
-	echo "Usage: $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>" >&2
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-# --- Config
-allowunannotated=$(git-repo-config --bool hooks.allowunannotated)
-
-# check for no description
-if [ -z "$projectdesc" -o "$projectdesc" = "Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb" ]; then
-	echo "*** Project description file hasn't been set" >&2
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-# --- Check types
-newrev_type=$(git-cat-file -t $newrev)
-
-case "$refname","$newrev_type" in
-	refs/tags/*,commit)
-		# un-annotated tag
-		short_refname=${refname##refs/tags/}
-		if [ "$allowunannotated" != "true" ]; then
-			echo "*** The un-annotated tag, $short_refname, is not allowed in this repository" >&2
-			echo "*** Use 'git tag [ -a | -s ]' for tags you want to propagate." >&2
-			exit 1
-		fi
-		;;
-	refs/tags/*,tag)
-		# annotated tag
-		;;
-	refs/heads/*,commit)
-		# branch
-		;;
-	refs/remotes/*,commit)
-		# tracking branch
-		;;
-	*)
-		# Anything else (is there anything else?)
-		echo "*** Update hook: unknown type of update to ref $refname of type $newrev_type" >&2
-		exit 1
-		;;
-esac
-
-# --- Finished
-exit 0
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update.sample b/templates/hooks--update.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fd63b2d662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--update.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script to blocks unannotated tags from entering.
+# Called by git-receive-pack with arguments: refname sha1-old sha1-new
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "update".
+#
+# Config
+# ------
+# hooks.allowunannotated
+#   This boolean sets whether unannotated tags will be allowed into the
+#   repository.  By default they won't be.
+# hooks.allowdeletetag
+#   This boolean sets whether deleting tags will be allowed in the
+#   repository.  By default they won't be.
+# hooks.allowmodifytag
+#   This boolean sets whether a tag may be modified after creation. By default
+#   it won't be.
+# hooks.allowdeletebranch
+#   This boolean sets whether deleting branches will be allowed in the
+#   repository.  By default they won't be.
+# hooks.denycreatebranch
+#   This boolean sets whether remotely creating branches will be denied
+#   in the repository.  By default this is allowed.
+#
+
+# --- Command line
+refname="$1"
+oldrev="$2"
+newrev="$3"
+
+# --- Safety check
+if [ -z "$GIT_DIR" ]; then
+	echo "Don't run this script from the command line." >&2
+	echo " (if you want, you could supply GIT_DIR then run" >&2
+	echo "  $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>)" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$refname" -o -z "$oldrev" -o -z "$newrev" ]; then
+	echo "Usage: $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+# --- Config
+allowunannotated=$(git config --bool hooks.allowunannotated)
+allowdeletebranch=$(git config --bool hooks.allowdeletebranch)
+denycreatebranch=$(git config --bool hooks.denycreatebranch)
+allowdeletetag=$(git config --bool hooks.allowdeletetag)
+allowmodifytag=$(git config --bool hooks.allowmodifytag)
+
+# check for no description
+projectdesc=$(sed -e '1q' "$GIT_DIR/description")
+case "$projectdesc" in
+"Unnamed repository"* | "")
+	echo "*** Project description file hasn't been set" >&2
+	exit 1
+	;;
+esac
+
+# --- Check types
+# if $newrev is 0000...0000, it's a commit to delete a ref.
+zero="0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+if [ "$newrev" = "$zero" ]; then
+	newrev_type=delete
+else
+	newrev_type=$(git-cat-file -t $newrev)
+fi
+
+case "$refname","$newrev_type" in
+	refs/tags/*,commit)
+		# un-annotated tag
+		short_refname=${refname##refs/tags/}
+		if [ "$allowunannotated" != "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** The un-annotated tag, $short_refname, is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			echo "*** Use 'git tag [ -a | -s ]' for tags you want to propagate." >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	refs/tags/*,delete)
+		# delete tag
+		if [ "$allowdeletetag" != "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** Deleting a tag is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	refs/tags/*,tag)
+		# annotated tag
+		if [ "$allowmodifytag" != "true" ] && git rev-parse $refname > /dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			echo "*** Tag '$refname' already exists." >&2
+			echo "*** Modifying a tag is not allowed in this repository." >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	refs/heads/*,commit)
+		# branch
+		if [ "$oldrev" = "$zero" -a "$denycreatebranch" = "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** Creating a branch is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	refs/heads/*,delete)
+		# delete branch
+		if [ "$allowdeletebranch" != "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** Deleting a branch is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	refs/remotes/*,commit)
+		# tracking branch
+		;;
+	refs/remotes/*,delete)
+		# delete tracking branch
+		if [ "$allowdeletebranch" != "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** Deleting a tracking branch is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		# Anything else (is there anything else?)
+		echo "*** Update hook: unknown type of update to ref $refname of type $newrev_type" >&2
+		exit 1
+		;;
+esac
+
+# --- Finished
+exit 0
diff --git a/templates/this--description b/templates/this--description
index c6f25e80b8..498b267a8c 100644
--- a/templates/this--description
+++ b/templates/this--description
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb.
+Unnamed repository; edit this file 'description' to name the repository.
diff --git a/test-chmtime.c b/test-chmtime.c
index 90da448ebe..fe476cb618 100644
--- a/test-chmtime.c
+++ b/test-chmtime.c
@@ -1,39 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * This program can either change modification time of the given
+ * file(s) or just print it. The program does not change atime nor
+ * ctime (their values are explicitely preserved).
+ *
+ * The mtime can be changed to an absolute value:
+ *
+ *	test-chmtime =<seconds> file...
+ *
+ * Relative to the current time as returned by time(3):
+ *
+ *	test-chmtime =+<seconds> (or =-<seconds>) file...
+ *
+ * Or relative to the current mtime of the file:
+ *
+ *	test-chmtime <seconds> file...
+ *	test-chmtime +<seconds> (or -<seconds>) file...
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ * To just print the mtime use --verbose and set the file mtime offset to 0:
+ *
+ *	test-chmtime -v +0 file
+ *
+ * To set the mtime to current time:
+ *
+ *	test-chmtime =+0 file
+ *
+ */
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include <utime.h>
 
-static const char usage_str[] = "(+|=|=+|=-|-)<seconds> <file>...";
+static const char usage_str[] = "-v|--verbose (+|=|=+|=-|-)<seconds> <file>...";
 
-int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+static int timespec_arg(const char *arg, long int *set_time, int *set_eq)
 {
-	int i;
-	int set_eq;
-	long int set_time;
 	char *test;
-	const char *timespec;
-
-	if (argc < 3)
-		goto usage;
-
-	timespec = argv[1];
-	set_eq = (*timespec == '=') ? 1 : 0;
-	if (set_eq) {
+	const char *timespec = arg;
+	*set_eq = (*timespec == '=') ? 1 : 0;
+	if (*set_eq) {
 		timespec++;
 		if (*timespec == '+') {
-			set_eq = 2; /* relative "in the future" */
+			*set_eq = 2; /* relative "in the future" */
 			timespec++;
 		}
 	}
-	set_time = strtol(timespec, &test, 10);
+	*set_time = strtol(timespec, &test, 10);
 	if (*test) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Not a base-10 integer: %s\n", argv[1] + 1);
-		goto usage;
+		fprintf(stderr, "Not a base-10 integer: %s\n", arg + 1);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((set_eq && set_time < 0) || set_eq == 2) {
+	if ((*set_eq && *set_time < 0) || *set_eq == 2) {
 		time_t now = time(NULL);
-		set_time += now;
+		*set_time += now;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	static int verbose;
+
+	int i = 1;
+	/* no mtime change by default */
+	int set_eq = 0;
+	long int set_time = 0;
+
+	if (argc < 3)
+		goto usage;
+
+	if (strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0) {
+		verbose = 1;
+		++i;
 	}
+	if (timespec_arg(argv[i], &set_time, &set_eq))
+		++i;
+	else
+		goto usage;
 
-	for (i = 2; i < argc; i++) {
+	for (; i < argc; i++) {
 		struct stat sb;
 		struct utimbuf utb;
 
@@ -43,10 +87,24 @@ int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 			return -1;
 		}
 
+#ifdef WIN32
+		if (!(sb.st_mode & S_IWUSR) &&
+				chmod(argv[i], sb.st_mode | S_IWUSR)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Could not make user-writable %s: %s",
+				argv[i], strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+#endif
+
 		utb.actime = sb.st_atime;
 		utb.modtime = set_eq ? set_time : sb.st_mtime + set_time;
 
-		if (utime(argv[i], &utb) < 0) {
+		if (verbose) {
+			uintmax_t mtime = utb.modtime < 0 ? 0: utb.modtime;
+			printf("%"PRIuMAX"\t%s\n", mtime, argv[i]);
+		}
+
+		if (utb.modtime != sb.st_mtime && utime(argv[i], &utb) < 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to modify time on %s: %s\n",
 			        argv[i], strerror(errno));
 			return -1;
diff --git a/test-ctype.c b/test-ctype.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..033c74911e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-ctype.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+
+static int test_isdigit(int c)
+{
+	return isdigit(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isspace(int c)
+{
+	return isspace(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isalpha(int c)
+{
+	return isalpha(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isalnum(int c)
+{
+	return isalnum(c);
+}
+
+static int test_is_glob_special(int c)
+{
+	return is_glob_special(c);
+}
+
+static int test_is_regex_special(int c)
+{
+	return is_regex_special(c);
+}
+
+#define DIGIT "0123456789"
+#define LOWER "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+#define UPPER "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+
+static const struct ctype_class {
+	const char *name;
+	int (*test_fn)(int);
+	const char *members;
+} classes[] = {
+	{ "isdigit", test_isdigit, DIGIT },
+	{ "isspace", test_isspace, " \n\r\t" },
+	{ "isalpha", test_isalpha, LOWER UPPER },
+	{ "isalnum", test_isalnum, LOWER UPPER DIGIT },
+	{ "is_glob_special", test_is_glob_special, "*?[\\" },
+	{ "is_regex_special", test_is_regex_special, "$()*+.?[\\^{|" },
+	{ NULL }
+};
+
+static int test_class(const struct ctype_class *test)
+{
+	int i, rc = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		int expected = i ? !!strchr(test->members, i) : 0;
+		int actual = test->test_fn(i);
+
+		if (actual != expected) {
+			rc = 1;
+			printf("%s classifies char %d (0x%02x) wrongly\n",
+			       test->name, i, i);
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	const struct ctype_class *test;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	for (test = classes; test->name; test++)
+		rc |= test_class(test);
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/test-delta.c b/test-delta.c
index 16595ef0a9..3d885ff37e 100644
--- a/test-delta.c
+++ b/test-delta.c
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "delta.h"
+#include "cache.h"
 
-static const char usage[] =
+static const char usage_str[] =
 	"test-delta (-d|-p) <from_file> <data_file> <out_file>";
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	unsigned long from_size, data_size, out_size;
 
 	if (argc != 5 || (strcmp(argv[1], "-d") && strcmp(argv[1], "-p"))) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", usage);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", usage_str);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/dump-cache-tree.c b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
index 1f73f1ea7d..1f73f1ea7d 100644
--- a/dump-cache-tree.c
+++ b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
diff --git a/test-genrandom.c b/test-genrandom.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ad276d062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-genrandom.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Simple random data generator used to create reproducible test files.
+ * This is inspired from POSIX.1-2001 implementation example for rand().
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre, licensed under the GPL version 2.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	unsigned long count, next = 0;
+	unsigned char *c;
+
+	if (argc < 2 || argc > 3) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <seed_string> [<size>]\n", argv[0]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	c = (unsigned char *) argv[1];
+	do {
+		next = next * 11 + *c;
+	} while (*c++);
+
+	count = (argc == 3) ? strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 0) : -1L;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		next = next * 1103515245 + 12345;
+		if (putchar((next >> 16) & 0xff) == EOF)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-parse-options.c b/test-parse-options.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efa734b42e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-parse-options.c
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static int boolean = 0;
+static int integer = 0;
+static unsigned long timestamp;
+static int abbrev = 7;
+static int verbose = 0, dry_run = 0, quiet = 0;
+static char *string = NULL;
+static char *file = NULL;
+
+static int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	printf("Callback: \"%s\", %d\n",
+		(arg ? arg : "not set"), unset);
+	if (unset)
+		return 1; /* do not support unset */
+
+	*(int *)opt->value = strlen(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int number_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, NULL, 10);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *prefix = "prefix/";
+	const char *usage[] = {
+		"test-parse-options <options>",
+		NULL
+	};
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "boolean", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
+		OPT_BIT('4', "or4", &boolean,
+			"bitwise-or boolean with ...0100", 4),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "neg-or4", &boolean, "same as --no-or4", 4),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_INTEGER('i', "integer", &integer, "get a integer"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('j', NULL, &integer, "get a integer, too"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "set23", &integer, "set integer to 23", 23),
+		OPT_DATE('t', NULL, &timestamp, "get timestamp of <time>"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', "length", &integer, "str",
+			"get length of <str>", length_callback),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <FILE>"),
+		OPT_GROUP("String options"),
+		OPT_STRING('s', "string", &string, "string", "get a string"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "string2", &string, "str", "get another string"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "st", &string, "st", "get another string (pervert ordering)"),
+		OPT_STRING('o', NULL, &string, "str", "get another string"),
+		OPT_SET_PTR(0, "default-string", &string,
+			"set string to default", (unsigned long)"default"),
+		OPT_GROUP("Magic arguments"),
+		OPT_ARGUMENT("quux", "means --quux"),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&integer, "set integer to NUM",
+			number_callback),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH },
+		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+	int i;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+
+	printf("boolean: %d\n", boolean);
+	printf("integer: %u\n", integer);
+	printf("timestamp: %lu\n", timestamp);
+	printf("string: %s\n", string ? string : "(not set)");
+	printf("abbrev: %d\n", abbrev);
+	printf("verbose: %d\n", verbose);
+	printf("quiet: %s\n", quiet ? "yes" : "no");
+	printf("dry run: %s\n", dry_run ? "yes" : "no");
+	printf("file: %s\n", file ? file : "(not set)");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		printf("arg %02d: %s\n", i, argv[i]);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-path-utils.c b/test-path-utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d261398d6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-path-utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_path_copy")) {
+		char *buf = xmalloc(PATH_MAX + 1);
+		int rv = normalize_path_copy(buf, argv[2]);
+		if (rv)
+			buf = "++failed++";
+		puts(buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "make_absolute_path")) {
+		while (argc > 2) {
+			puts(make_absolute_path(argv[2]));
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "longest_ancestor_length")) {
+		int len = longest_ancestor_length(argv[2], argv[3]);
+		printf("%d\n", len);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "strip_path_suffix")) {
+		char *prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv[2], argv[3]);
+		printf("%s\n", prefix ? prefix : "(null)");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
+		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/test-sha1.c b/test-sha1.c
index 78d7e983a7..80daba980e 100644
--- a/test-sha1.c
+++ b/test-sha1.c
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 int main(int ac, char **av)
 {
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	unsigned bufsz = 8192;
 	char *buffer;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 			die("OOPS");
 	}
 
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 
 	while (1) {
 		ssize_t sz, this_sz;
@@ -32,16 +32,16 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 			if (sz == 0)
 				break;
 			if (sz < 0)
-				die("test-sha1: %s", strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("test-sha1");
 			this_sz += sz;
 			cp += sz;
 			room -= sz;
 		}
 		if (this_sz == 0)
 			break;
-		SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, this_sz);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, this_sz);
 	}
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
 	puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	exit(0);
 }
diff --git a/test-sha1.sh b/test-sha1.sh
index 640856af5a..0f0bc5d02f 100755
--- a/test-sha1.sh
+++ b/test-sha1.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ do
 		{
 			test -z "$pfx" || echo "$pfx"
 			dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=$cnt 2>/dev/null |
-			tr '[\0]' '[g]'
+			perl -pe 'y/\000/g/'
 		} | ./test-sha1 $cnt
 	`
 	if test "$expect" = "$actual"
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ do
 		{
 			test -z "$pfx" || echo "$pfx"
 			dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=$cnt 2>/dev/null |
-			tr '[\0]' '[g]'
+			perl -pe 'y/\000/g/'
 		} | sha1sum |
 		sed -e 's/ .*//'
 	`
diff --git a/test-sigchain.c b/test-sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42db234e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define X(f) \
+static void f(int sig) { \
+	puts(#f); \
+	fflush(stdout); \
+	sigchain_pop(sig); \
+	raise(sig); \
+}
+X(one)
+X(two)
+X(three)
+#undef X
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, one);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, two);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, three);
+	raise(SIGTERM);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/thread-utils.c b/thread-utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55e7e2904e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread-utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#  include <windows.h>
+#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
+#  include <sys/pstat.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * By doing this in two steps we can at least get
+ * the function to be somewhat coherent, even
+ * with this disgusting nest of #ifdefs.
+ */
+#ifndef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+#  ifdef _SC_NPROC_ONLN
+#    define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_NPROC_ONLN
+#  elif defined _SC_CRAY_NCPU
+#    define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_CRAY_NCPU
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+int online_cpus(void)
+{
+#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+	long ncpus;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	SYSTEM_INFO info;
+	GetSystemInfo(&info);
+
+	if ((int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors > 0)
+		return (int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors;
+#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
+	struct pst_dynamic psd;
+
+	if (!pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0))
+		return (int)psd.psd_proc_cnt;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+	if ((ncpus = (long)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)) > 0)
+		return (int)ncpus;
+#endif
+
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/thread-utils.h b/thread-utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cce4b77bd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread-utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#ifndef THREAD_COMPAT_H
+#define THREAD_COMPAT_H
+
+extern int online_cpus(void);
+
+#endif /* THREAD_COMPAT_H */
diff --git a/trace.c b/trace.c
index 7961a27a2e..4229ae1231 100644
--- a/trace.c
+++ b/trace.c
@@ -25,33 +25,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
-/* Stolen from "imap-send.c". */
-int nfvasprintf(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
-{
-	int len;
-	char tmp[1024];
-
-	if ((len = vsnprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fmt, ap)) < 0 ||
-	    !(*strp = xmalloc(len + 1)))
-		die("Fatal: Out of memory\n");
-	if (len >= (int)sizeof(tmp))
-		vsprintf(*strp, fmt, ap);
-	else
-		memcpy(*strp, tmp, len + 1);
-	return len;
-}
-
-int nfasprintf(char **str, const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	int rc;
-	va_list args;
-
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-	rc = nfvasprintf(str, fmt, args);
-	va_end(args);
-	return rc;
-}
-
 /* Get a trace file descriptor from GIT_TRACE env variable. */
 static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
 {
@@ -64,7 +37,7 @@ static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
 		return STDERR_FILENO;
 	if (strlen(trace) == 1 && isdigit(*trace))
 		return atoi(trace);
-	if (*trace == '/') {
+	if (is_absolute_path(trace)) {
 		int fd = open(trace, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd == -1) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
@@ -77,7 +50,7 @@ static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
 		return fd;
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for GIT_TRACE means ?\n", trace);
+	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for GIT_TRACE mean?\n", trace);
 	fprintf(stderr, "If you want to trace into a file, "
 		"then please set GIT_TRACE to an absolute pathname "
 		"(starting with /).\n");
@@ -89,63 +62,65 @@ static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
 static const char err_msg[] = "Could not trace into fd given by "
 	"GIT_TRACE environment variable";
 
-void trace_printf(const char *format, ...)
+void trace_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char *trace_str;
-	va_list rest;
-	int need_close = 0;
-	int fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	va_list ap;
+	int fd, len, need_close = 0;
 
+	fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
 	if (!fd)
 		return;
 
-	va_start(rest, format);
-	nfvasprintf(&trace_str, format, rest);
-	va_end(rest);
-
-	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, trace_str, strlen(trace_str), err_msg);
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 64);
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf)) {
+		strbuf_grow(&buf, len - strbuf_avail(&buf) + 128);
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf))
+			die("broken vsnprintf");
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(&buf, len);
 
-	free(trace_str);
+	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, buf.buf, buf.len, err_msg);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	if (need_close)
 		close(fd);
 }
 
-void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, int count, const char *format, ...)
+void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char *argv_str, *format_str, *trace_str;
-	size_t argv_len, format_len, trace_len;
-	va_list rest;
-	int need_close = 0;
-	int fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	va_list ap;
+	int fd, len, need_close = 0;
 
+	fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
 	if (!fd)
 		return;
 
-	/* Get the argv string. */
-	argv_str = sq_quote_argv(argv, count);
-	argv_len = strlen(argv_str);
-
-	/* Get the formated string. */
-	va_start(rest, format);
-	nfvasprintf(&format_str, format, rest);
-	va_end(rest);
-
-	/* Allocate buffer for trace string. */
-	format_len = strlen(format_str);
-	trace_len = argv_len + format_len + 1; /* + 1 for \n */
-	trace_str = xmalloc(trace_len + 1);
-
-	/* Copy everything into the trace string. */
-	strncpy(trace_str, format_str, format_len);
-	strncpy(trace_str + format_len, argv_str, argv_len);
-	strcpy(trace_str + trace_len - 1, "\n");
-
-	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, trace_str, trace_len, err_msg);
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 64);
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf)) {
+		strbuf_grow(&buf, len - strbuf_avail(&buf) + 128);
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf))
+			die("broken vsnprintf");
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(&buf, len);
 
-	free(argv_str);
-	free(format_str);
-	free(trace_str);
+	sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, buf.buf, buf.len, err_msg);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	if (need_close)
 		close(fd);
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de0d5874a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1133 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#ifndef NO_CURL
+#include "http.h"
+#endif
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "fetch-pack.h"
+#include "send-pack.h"
+#include "walker.h"
+#include "bundle.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+/* rsync support */
+
+/*
+ * We copy packed-refs and refs/ into a temporary file, then read the
+ * loose refs recursively (sorting whenever possible), and then inserting
+ * those packed refs that are not yet in the list (not validating, but
+ * assuming that the file is sorted).
+ *
+ * Appears refactoring this from refs.c is too cumbersome.
+ */
+
+static int str_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const char *s1 = a;
+	const char *s2 = b;
+
+	return strcmp(s1, s2);
+}
+
+/* path->buf + name_offset is expected to point to "refs/" */
+
+static int read_loose_refs(struct strbuf *path, int name_offset,
+		struct ref **tail)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(path->buf);
+	struct dirent *de;
+	struct {
+		char **entries;
+		int nr, alloc;
+	} list;
+	int i, pathlen;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return -1;
+
+	memset (&list, 0, sizeof(list));
+
+	while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
+			continue;
+		ALLOC_GROW(list.entries, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
+		list.entries[list.nr++] = xstrdup(de->d_name);
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	/* sort the list */
+
+	qsort(list.entries, list.nr, sizeof(char *), str_cmp);
+
+	pathlen = path->len;
+	strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++, strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen + 1)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(path, list.entries[i]);
+		if (read_loose_refs(path, name_offset, tail)) {
+			int fd = open(path->buf, O_RDONLY);
+			char buffer[40];
+			struct ref *next;
+
+			if (fd < 0)
+				continue;
+			next = alloc_ref(path->buf + name_offset);
+			if (read_in_full(fd, buffer, 40) != 40 ||
+					get_sha1_hex(buffer, next->old_sha1)) {
+				close(fd);
+				free(next);
+				continue;
+			}
+			close(fd);
+			(*tail)->next = next;
+			*tail = next;
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+		free(list.entries[i]);
+	free(list.entries);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* insert the packed refs for which no loose refs were found */
+
+static void insert_packed_refs(const char *packed_refs, struct ref **list)
+{
+	FILE *f = fopen(packed_refs, "r");
+	static char buffer[PATH_MAX];
+
+	if (!f)
+		return;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int cmp = cmp, len;
+
+		if (!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f)) {
+			fclose(f);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (hexval(buffer[0]) > 0xf)
+			continue;
+		len = strlen(buffer);
+		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
+			buffer[--len] = '\0';
+		if (len < 41)
+			continue;
+		while ((*list)->next &&
+				(cmp = strcmp(buffer + 41,
+				      (*list)->next->name)) > 0)
+			list = &(*list)->next;
+		if (!(*list)->next || cmp < 0) {
+			struct ref *next = alloc_ref(buffer + 41);
+			buffer[40] = '\0';
+			if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, next->old_sha1)) {
+				warning ("invalid SHA-1: %s", buffer);
+				free(next);
+				continue;
+			}
+			next->next = (*list)->next;
+			(*list)->next = next;
+			list = &(*list)->next;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *rsync_url(const char *url)
+{
+	return prefixcmp(url, "rsync://") ? skip_prefix(url, "rsync:") : url;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref dummy, *tail = &dummy;
+	struct child_process rsync;
+	const char *args[5];
+	int temp_dir_len;
+
+	if (for_push)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory */
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
+	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
+		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
+	temp_dir_len = temp_dir.len;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/refs");
+
+	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
+	rsync.argv = args;
+	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	args[0] = "rsync";
+	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 0) ? "-rv" : "-r";
+	args[2] = buf.buf;
+	args[3] = temp_dir.buf;
+	args[4] = NULL;
+
+	if (run_command(&rsync))
+		die ("Could not run rsync to get refs");
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/packed-refs");
+
+	args[2] = buf.buf;
+
+	if (run_command(&rsync))
+		die ("Could not run rsync to get refs");
+
+	/* read the copied refs */
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, "/refs");
+	read_loose_refs(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len + 1, &tail);
+	strbuf_setlen(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len);
+
+	tail = &dummy;
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, "/packed-refs");
+	insert_packed_refs(temp_dir.buf, &tail);
+	strbuf_setlen(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len);
+
+	if (remove_dir_recursively(&temp_dir, 0))
+		warning ("Error removing temporary directory %s.",
+				temp_dir.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_dir);
+
+	return dummy.next;
+}
+
+static int fetch_objs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport,
+				int nr_objs, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process rsync;
+	const char *args[8];
+	int result;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/objects/");
+
+	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
+	rsync.argv = args;
+	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	args[0] = "rsync";
+	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 0) ? "-rv" : "-r";
+	args[2] = "--ignore-existing";
+	args[3] = "--exclude";
+	args[4] = "info";
+	args[5] = buf.buf;
+	args[6] = get_object_directory();
+	args[7] = NULL;
+
+	/* NEEDSWORK: handle one level of alternates */
+	result = run_command(&rsync);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int write_one_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
+		int flags, void *data)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = data;
+	int len = buf->len;
+	FILE *f;
+
+	/* when called via for_each_ref(), flags is non-zero */
+	if (flags && prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") &&
+			prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/"))
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, name);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories(buf->buf) ||
+			!(f = fopen(buf->buf, "w")) ||
+			fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1)) < 0 ||
+			fclose(f))
+		return error("problems writing temporary file %s", buf->buf);
+	strbuf_setlen(buf, len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_refs_to_temp_dir(struct strbuf *temp_dir,
+		int refspec_nr, const char **refspec)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < refspec_nr; i++) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		char *ref;
+
+		if (dwim_ref(refspec[i], strlen(refspec[i]), sha1, &ref) != 1)
+			return error("Could not get ref %s", refspec[i]);
+
+		if (write_one_ref(ref, sha1, 0, temp_dir)) {
+			free(ref);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		free(ref);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
+		int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int result = 0, i;
+	struct child_process rsync;
+	const char *args[10];
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
+		return error("rsync transport does not support mirror mode");
+
+	/* first push the objects */
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+
+	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
+	rsync.argv = args;
+	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	i = 0;
+	args[i++] = "rsync";
+	args[i++] = "-a";
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
+		args[i++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (transport->verbose > 0)
+		args[i++] = "-v";
+	args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
+	args[i++] = "--exclude";
+	args[i++] = "info";
+	args[i++] = get_object_directory();
+	args[i++] = buf.buf;
+	args[i++] = NULL;
+
+	if (run_command(&rsync))
+		return error("Could not push objects to %s",
+				rsync_url(transport->url));
+
+	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory; they could be packed. */
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
+	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
+		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
+	strbuf_addch(&temp_dir, '/');
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
+		if (for_each_ref(write_one_ref, &temp_dir))
+			return -1;
+	} else if (write_refs_to_temp_dir(&temp_dir, refspec_nr, refspec))
+		return -1;
+
+	i = 2;
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
+		args[i++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE))
+		args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
+	args[i++] = temp_dir.buf;
+	args[i++] = rsync_url(transport->url);
+	args[i++] = NULL;
+	if (run_command(&rsync))
+		result = error("Could not push to %s",
+				rsync_url(transport->url));
+
+	if (remove_dir_recursively(&temp_dir, 0))
+		warning ("Could not remove temporary directory %s.",
+				temp_dir.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_dir);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* Generic functions for using commit walkers */
+
+#ifndef NO_CURL /* http fetch is the only user */
+static int fetch_objs_via_walker(struct transport *transport,
+				 int nr_objs, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
+	struct walker *walker = transport->data;
+	char **objs = xmalloc(nr_objs * sizeof(*objs));
+	int i;
+
+	walker->get_all = 1;
+	walker->get_tree = 1;
+	walker->get_history = 1;
+	walker->get_verbosely = transport->verbose >= 0;
+	walker->get_recover = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objs; i++)
+		objs[i] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(to_fetch[i]->old_sha1));
+
+	if (walker_fetch(walker, nr_objs, objs, NULL, NULL))
+		die("Fetch failed.");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objs; i++)
+		free(objs[i]);
+	free(objs);
+	free(dest);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* NO_CURL */
+
+static int disconnect_walker(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	struct walker *walker = transport->data;
+	if (walker)
+		walker_free(walker);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_CURL
+static int curl_transport_push(struct transport *transport, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
+{
+	const char **argv;
+	int argc;
+	int err;
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
+		return error("http transport does not support mirror mode");
+
+	argv = xmalloc((refspec_nr + 12) * sizeof(char *));
+	argv[0] = "http-push";
+	argc = 1;
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
+		argv[argc++] = "--all";
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)
+		argv[argc++] = "--force";
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
+		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE)
+		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
+	argv[argc++] = transport->url;
+	while (refspec_nr--)
+		argv[argc++] = *refspec++;
+	argv[argc] = NULL;
+	err = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	switch (err) {
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
+		error("unable to fork for %s", argv[0]);
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
+		error("unable to exec %s", argv[0]);
+		break;
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
+	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
+		error("%s died with strange error", argv[0]);
+	}
+	return !!err;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_curl(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+{
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *data, *start, *mid;
+	char *ref_name;
+	char *refs_url;
+	int i = 0;
+	int http_ret;
+
+	struct ref *refs = NULL;
+	struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	struct ref *last_ref = NULL;
+
+	struct walker *walker;
+
+	if (for_push)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!transport->data)
+		transport->data = get_http_walker(transport->url,
+						transport->remote);
+
+	walker = transport->data;
+
+	refs_url = xmalloc(strlen(transport->url) + 11);
+	sprintf(refs_url, "%s/info/refs", transport->url);
+
+	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+	switch (http_ret) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+		break;
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		die("%s not found: did you run git update-server-info on the"
+		    " server?", refs_url);
+	default:
+		http_error(refs_url, http_ret);
+		die("HTTP request failed");
+	}
+
+	data = buffer.buf;
+	start = NULL;
+	mid = data;
+	while (i < buffer.len) {
+		if (!start)
+			start = &data[i];
+		if (data[i] == '\t')
+			mid = &data[i];
+		if (data[i] == '\n') {
+			data[i] = 0;
+			ref_name = mid + 1;
+			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
+				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
+			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
+			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
+			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
+			if (!refs)
+				refs = ref;
+			if (last_ref)
+				last_ref->next = ref;
+			last_ref = ref;
+			start = NULL;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+
+	ref = alloc_ref("HEAD");
+	if (!walker->fetch_ref(walker, ref) &&
+	    !resolve_remote_symref(ref, refs)) {
+		ref->next = refs;
+		refs = ref;
+	} else {
+		free(ref);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	free(refs_url);
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static int fetch_objs_via_curl(struct transport *transport,
+				 int nr_objs, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	if (!transport->data)
+		transport->data = get_http_walker(transport->url,
+						transport->remote);
+	return fetch_objs_via_walker(transport, nr_objs, to_fetch);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+struct bundle_transport_data {
+	int fd;
+	struct bundle_header header;
+};
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+{
+	struct bundle_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct ref *result = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	if (for_push)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (data->fd > 0)
+		close(data->fd);
+	data->fd = read_bundle_header(transport->url, &data->header);
+	if (data->fd < 0)
+		die ("Could not read bundle '%s'.", transport->url);
+	for (i = 0; i < data->header.references.nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_list_entry *e = data->header.references.list + i;
+		struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(e->name);
+		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, e->sha1);
+		ref->next = result;
+		result = ref;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int fetch_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport,
+			       int nr_heads, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct bundle_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	return unbundle(&data->header, data->fd);
+}
+
+static int close_bundle(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	struct bundle_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	if (data->fd > 0)
+		close(data->fd);
+	free(data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct git_transport_data {
+	unsigned thin : 1;
+	unsigned keep : 1;
+	unsigned followtags : 1;
+	int depth;
+	struct child_process *conn;
+	int fd[2];
+	const char *uploadpack;
+	const char *receivepack;
+	struct extra_have_objects extra_have;
+};
+
+static int set_git_option(struct transport *connection,
+			  const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = connection->data;
+	if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK)) {
+		data->uploadpack = value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK)) {
+		data->receivepack = value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_THIN)) {
+		data->thin = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS)) {
+		data->followtags = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_KEEP)) {
+		data->keep = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH)) {
+		if (!value)
+			data->depth = 0;
+		else
+			data->depth = atoi(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int connect_setup(struct transport *transport, int for_push, int verbose)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	data->conn = git_connect(data->fd, transport->url,
+				 for_push ? data->receivepack : data->uploadpack,
+				 verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct ref *refs;
+
+	connect_setup(transport, for_push, 0);
+	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs, 0, NULL,
+			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, &data->extra_have);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
+			       int nr_heads, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	char **heads = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(*heads));
+	char **origh = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(*origh));
+	const struct ref *refs;
+	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
+	struct fetch_pack_args args;
+	int i;
+	struct ref *refs_tmp = NULL;
+
+	memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
+	args.uploadpack = data->uploadpack;
+	args.keep_pack = data->keep;
+	args.lock_pack = 1;
+	args.use_thin_pack = data->thin;
+	args.include_tag = data->followtags;
+	args.verbose = (transport->verbose > 0);
+	args.quiet = (transport->verbose < 0);
+	args.no_progress = args.quiet || (!transport->progress && !isatty(1));
+	args.depth = data->depth;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
+		origh[i] = heads[i] = xstrdup(to_fetch[i]->name);
+
+	if (!data->conn) {
+		connect_setup(transport, 0, 0);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs_tmp, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	}
+
+	refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
+			  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
+			  dest, nr_heads, heads, &transport->pack_lockfile);
+	close(data->fd[0]);
+	close(data->fd[1]);
+	if (finish_connect(data->conn))
+		refs = NULL;
+	data->conn = NULL;
+
+	free_refs(refs_tmp);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
+		free(origh[i]);
+	free(origh);
+	free(heads);
+	free(dest);
+	return (refs ? 0 : -1);
+}
+
+static int refs_pushed(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch(ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose)
+{
+	struct refspec rs;
+
+	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+		return;
+
+	rs.src = ref->name;
+	rs.dst = NULL;
+
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, &rs)) {
+		if (verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "updating local tracking ref '%s'\n", rs.dst);
+		if (ref->deletion) {
+			delete_ref(rs.dst, NULL, 0);
+		} else
+			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst,
+					ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+		free(rs.dst);
+	}
+}
+
+#define SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
+
+static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (porcelain) {
+		if (from)
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t%s:%s\t", flag, from->name, to->name);
+		else
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t:%s\t", flag, to->name);
+		if (msg)
+			fprintf(stdout, "%s (%s)\n", summary, msg);
+		else
+			fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", summary);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, " %c %-*s ", flag, SUMMARY_WIDTH, summary);
+		if (from)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
+		else
+			fputs(prettify_refname(to->name), stderr);
+		if (msg) {
+			fputs(" (", stderr);
+			fputs(msg, stderr);
+			fputc(')', stderr);
+		}
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *status_abbrev(unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	return find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+}
+
+static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (ref->deletion)
+		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
+	else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+		print_ref_status('*',
+			(!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? "[new tag]" :
+			"[new branch]"),
+			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+	else {
+		char quickref[84];
+		char type;
+		const char *msg;
+
+		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
+		if (ref->nonfastforward) {
+			strcat(quickref, "...");
+			type = '+';
+			msg = "forced update";
+		} else {
+			strcat(quickref, "..");
+			type = ' ';
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		strcat(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->new_sha1));
+
+		print_ref_status(type, quickref, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg, porcelain);
+	}
+}
+
+static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (!count)
+		fprintf(stderr, "To %s\n", dest);
+
+	switch(ref->status) {
+	case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, NULL,
+						 "remote does not support deleting refs", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		print_ref_status('=', "[up to date]", ref,
+						 ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "non-fast forward", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
+						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+						 ref->remote_status, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote failure]", ref,
+						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+						 "remote failed to report status", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_OK:
+		print_ok_ref_status(ref, porcelain);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
+							  int verbose, int porcelain)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (verbose) {
+		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+				n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+	}
+
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+	}
+}
+
+static void verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
+		const char *local = heads[i];
+		const char *remote = strrchr(heads[i], ':');
+
+		if (*local == '+')
+			local++;
+
+		/* A matching refspec is okay.  */
+		if (remote == local && remote[1] == '\0')
+			continue;
+
+		remote = remote ? (remote + 1) : local;
+		switch (check_ref_format(remote)) {
+		case 0: /* ok */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL:
+			/* ok but a single level -- that is fine for
+			 * a match pattern.
+			 */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD:
+			/* ok but ends with a pattern-match character */
+			continue;
+		}
+		die("remote part of refspec is not a valid name in %s",
+		    heads[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, struct ref *remote_refs, int flags)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct send_pack_args args;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!data->conn) {
+		struct ref *tmp_refs;
+		connect_setup(transport, 1, 0);
+
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &tmp_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
+				 NULL);
+	}
+
+	args.send_mirror = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR);
+	args.force_update = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
+	args.use_thin_pack = data->thin;
+	args.verbose = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE);
+	args.dry_run = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN);
+
+	ret = send_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn, remote_refs,
+			&data->extra_have);
+
+	close(data->fd[1]);
+	close(data->fd[0]);
+	ret |= finish_connect(data->conn);
+	data->conn = NULL;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int disconnect_git(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	if (data->conn) {
+		packet_flush(data->fd[1]);
+		close(data->fd[0]);
+		close(data->fd[1]);
+		finish_connect(data->conn);
+	}
+
+	free(data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_local(const char *url)
+{
+	const char *colon = strchr(url, ':');
+	const char *slash = strchr(url, '/');
+	return !colon || (slash && slash < colon) ||
+		has_dos_drive_prefix(url);
+}
+
+static int is_file(const char *url)
+{
+	struct stat buf;
+	if (stat(url, &buf))
+		return 0;
+	return S_ISREG(buf.st_mode);
+}
+
+struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+{
+	struct transport *ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
+
+	ret->remote = remote;
+	ret->url = url;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(url, "rsync:")) {
+		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_rsync;
+		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_rsync;
+		ret->push = rsync_transport_push;
+
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(url, "http://")
+	        || !prefixcmp(url, "https://")
+	        || !prefixcmp(url, "ftp://")) {
+#ifdef NO_CURL
+		error("git was compiled without libcurl support.");
+#else
+		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_curl;
+		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_curl;
+		ret->push = curl_transport_push;
+#endif
+		ret->disconnect = disconnect_walker;
+
+	} else if (is_local(url) && is_file(url)) {
+		struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
+		ret->data = data;
+		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_from_bundle;
+		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_from_bundle;
+		ret->disconnect = close_bundle;
+
+	} else {
+		struct git_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
+		ret->data = data;
+		ret->set_option = set_git_option;
+		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
+		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
+		ret->push_refs = git_transport_push;
+		ret->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+
+		data->thin = 1;
+		data->conn = NULL;
+		data->uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
+		if (remote && remote->uploadpack)
+			data->uploadpack = remote->uploadpack;
+		data->receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
+		if (remote && remote->receivepack)
+			data->receivepack = remote->receivepack;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport,
+			 const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	if (transport->set_option)
+		return transport->set_option(transport, name, value);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
+		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
+{
+	verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
+
+	if (transport->push)
+		return transport->push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
+	if (transport->push_refs) {
+		struct ref *remote_refs =
+			transport->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
+		struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
+		int match_flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
+		int verbose = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE;
+		int porcelain = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN;
+		int ret;
+
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+
+		if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
+			       refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+
+		print_push_status(transport->url, remote_refs, verbose | porcelain, porcelain);
+
+		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)) {
+			struct ref *ref;
+			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				update_tracking_ref(transport->remote, ref, verbose);
+		}
+
+		if (!ret && !refs_pushed(remote_refs))
+			fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	if (!transport->remote_refs)
+		transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
+	return transport->remote_refs;
+}
+
+int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs)
+{
+	int rc;
+	int nr_heads = 0, nr_alloc = 0;
+	const struct ref **heads = NULL;
+	const struct ref *rm;
+
+	for (rm = refs; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		if (rm->peer_ref &&
+		    !hashcmp(rm->peer_ref->old_sha1, rm->old_sha1))
+			continue;
+		ALLOC_GROW(heads, nr_heads + 1, nr_alloc);
+		heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
+	}
+
+	rc = transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
+	free(heads);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	if (transport->pack_lockfile) {
+		unlink_or_warn(transport->pack_lockfile);
+		free(transport->pack_lockfile);
+		transport->pack_lockfile = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	if (transport->disconnect)
+		ret = transport->disconnect(transport);
+	free(transport);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Strip username (and password) from an url and return
+ * it in a newly allocated string.
+ */
+char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url)
+{
+	char *anon_url, *scheme_prefix, *anon_part;
+	size_t anon_len, prefix_len = 0;
+
+	anon_part = strchr(url, '@');
+	if (is_local(url) || !anon_part)
+		goto literal_copy;
+
+	anon_len = strlen(++anon_part);
+	scheme_prefix = strstr(url, "://");
+	if (!scheme_prefix) {
+		if (!strchr(anon_part, ':'))
+			/* cannot be "me@there:/path/name" */
+			goto literal_copy;
+	} else {
+		const char *cp;
+		/* make sure scheme is reasonable */
+		for (cp = url; cp < scheme_prefix; cp++) {
+			switch (*cp) {
+				/* RFC 1738 2.1 */
+			case '+': case '.': case '-':
+				break; /* ok */
+			default:
+				if (isalnum(*cp))
+					break;
+				/* it isn't */
+				goto literal_copy;
+			}
+		}
+		/* @ past the first slash does not count */
+		cp = strchr(scheme_prefix + 3, '/');
+		if (cp && cp < anon_part)
+			goto literal_copy;
+		prefix_len = scheme_prefix - url + 3;
+	}
+	anon_url = xcalloc(1, 1 + prefix_len + anon_len);
+	memcpy(anon_url, url, prefix_len);
+	memcpy(anon_url + prefix_len, anon_part, anon_len);
+	return anon_url;
+literal_copy:
+	return xstrdup(url);
+}
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51b539778c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#ifndef TRANSPORT_H
+#define TRANSPORT_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+
+struct transport {
+	struct remote *remote;
+	const char *url;
+	void *data;
+	const struct ref *remote_refs;
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
+	 * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
+	 * is applicable but the value is invalid.
+	 **/
+	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+			  const char *value);
+
+	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
+	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, const struct ref **refs);
+	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
+	int (*push)(struct transport *connection, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
+
+	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
+	char *pack_lockfile;
+	signed verbose : 2;
+	/* Force progress even if the output is not a tty */
+	unsigned progress : 1;
+};
+
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL 1
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE 2
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN 4
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR 8
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE 16
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN 32
+
+/* Returns a transport suitable for the url */
+struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
+
+/* Transport options which apply to git:// and scp-style URLs */
+
+/* The program to use on the remote side to send a pack */
+#define TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK "uploadpack"
+
+/* The program to use on the remote side to receive a pack */
+#define TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK "receivepack"
+
+/* Transfer the data as a thin pack if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_THIN "thin"
+
+/* Keep the pack that was transferred if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_KEEP "keep"
+
+/* Limit the depth of the fetch if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_DEPTH "depth"
+
+/* Aggressively fetch annotated tags if possible */
+#define TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS "followtags"
+
+/**
+ * Returns 0 if the option was used, non-zero otherwise. Prints a
+ * message to stderr if the option is not used.
+ **/
+int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
+			 const char *value);
+
+int transport_push(struct transport *connection,
+		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
+
+const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport);
+
+int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs);
+void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport);
+int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport);
+char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index 852498eb49..0459e54d3d 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
 static char *malloc_base(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pathlen)
@@ -14,6 +15,15 @@ static char *malloc_base(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pa
 	return newbase;
 }
 
+static char *malloc_fullname(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pathlen)
+{
+	char *fullname = xmalloc(baselen + pathlen + 1);
+	memcpy(fullname, base, baselen);
+	memcpy(fullname + baselen, path, pathlen);
+	fullname[baselen + pathlen] = 0;
+	return fullname;
+}
+
 static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc,
 		       const char *base, int baselen);
 
@@ -23,6 +33,7 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 	const char *path1, *path2;
 	const unsigned char *sha1, *sha2;
 	int cmp, pathlen1, pathlen2;
+	char *fullname;
 
 	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t1, &path1, &mode1);
 	sha2 = tree_entry_extract(t2, &path2, &mode2);
@@ -38,7 +49,7 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (!opt->find_copies_harder && !hashcmp(sha1, sha2) && mode1 == mode2)
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER) && !hashcmp(sha1, sha2) && mode1 == mode2)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -51,18 +62,23 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (opt->recursive && S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
 		int retval;
 		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path1, pathlen1);
-		if (opt->tree_in_recursive)
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen1] = 0;
 			opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2,
-				    sha1, sha2, base, path1);
+				    sha1, sha2, newbase);
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen1] = '/';
+		}
 		retval = diff_tree_sha1(sha1, sha2, newbase, opt);
 		free(newbase);
 		return retval;
 	}
 
-	opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, base, path1);
+	fullname = malloc_fullname(base, baselen, path1, pathlen1);
+	opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, fullname);
+	free(fullname);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -102,10 +118,16 @@ static int tree_entry_interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int
 				continue;
 
 			/*
-			 * The base is a subdirectory of a path which
-			 * was specified, so all of them are interesting.
+			 * If the base is a subdirectory of a path which
+			 * was specified, all of them are interesting.
 			 */
-			return 2;
+			if (!matchlen ||
+			    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
+			    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
+				return 2;
+
+			/* Just a random prefix match */
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* Does the base match? */
@@ -204,10 +226,10 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 	unsigned mode;
 	const char *path;
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
+	int pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
 
-	if (opt->recursive && S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		enum object_type type;
-		int pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
 		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path, pathlen);
 		struct tree_desc inner;
 		void *tree;
@@ -217,13 +239,21 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 		if (!tree || type != OBJ_TREE)
 			die("corrupt tree sha %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = 0;
+			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, newbase);
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = '/';
+		}
+
 		init_tree_desc(&inner, tree, size);
 		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, newbase, baselen + 1 + pathlen);
 
 		free(tree);
 		free(newbase);
 	} else {
-		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, base, path);
+		char *fullname = malloc_fullname(base, baselen, path, pathlen);
+		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, fullname);
+		free(fullname);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -256,7 +286,7 @@ int diff_tree(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, stru
 	int baselen = strlen(base);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		if (opt->quiet && opt->has_changes)
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, QUIET) && DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, HAS_CHANGES))
 			break;
 		if (opt->nr_paths) {
 			skip_uninteresting(t1, base, baselen, opt);
@@ -285,11 +315,86 @@ int diff_tree(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, stru
 			update_tree_entry(t2);
 			continue;
 		}
-		die("git-diff-tree: internal error");
+		die("git diff-tree: internal error");
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Does it look like the resulting diff might be due to a rename?
+ *  - single entry
+ *  - not a valid previous file
+ */
+static inline int diff_might_be_rename(void)
+{
+	return diff_queued_diff.nr == 1 &&
+		!DIFF_FILE_VALID(diff_queued_diff.queue[0]->one);
+}
+
+static void try_to_follow_renames(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+{
+	struct diff_options diff_opts;
+	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
+	struct diff_filepair *choice;
+	const char *paths[1];
+	int i;
+
+	/* Remove the file creation entry from the diff queue, and remember it */
+	choice = q->queue[0];
+	q->nr = 0;
+
+	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
+	diff_opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	diff_opts.single_follow = opt->paths[0];
+	diff_opts.break_opt = opt->break_opt;
+	paths[0] = NULL;
+	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
+	if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
+		die("unable to set up diff options to follow renames");
+	diff_tree(t1, t2, base, &diff_opts);
+	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&diff_opts);
+
+	/* Go through the new set of filepairing, and see if we find a more interesting one */
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+
+		/*
+		 * Found a source? Not only do we use that for the new
+		 * diff_queued_diff, we will also use that as the path in
+		 * the future!
+		 */
+		if ((p->status == 'R' || p->status == 'C') && !strcmp(p->two->path, opt->paths[0])) {
+			/* Switch the file-pairs around */
+			q->queue[i] = choice;
+			choice = p;
+
+			/* Update the path we use from now on.. */
+			diff_tree_release_paths(opt);
+			opt->paths[0] = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			diff_tree_setup_paths(opt->paths, opt);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Then, discard all the non-relevant file pairs...
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		diff_free_filepair(p);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * .. and re-instate the one we want (which might be either the
+	 * original one, or the rename/copy we found)
+	 */
+	q->queue[0] = choice;
+	q->nr = 1;
+}
+
 int diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	void *tree1, *tree2;
@@ -306,6 +411,11 @@ int diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new, const cha
 	init_tree_desc(&t1, tree1, size1);
 	init_tree_desc(&t2, tree2, size2);
 	retval = diff_tree(&t1, &t2, base, opt);
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FOLLOW_RENAMES) && diff_might_be_rename()) {
+		init_tree_desc(&t1, tree1, size1);
+		init_tree_desc(&t2, tree2, size2);
+		try_to_follow_renames(&t1, &t2, base, opt);
+	}
 	free(tree1);
 	free(tree2);
 	return retval;
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index cbb24eb3f6..02e2aed773 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, unsigned int *modep)
 	unsigned char c;
 	unsigned int mode = 0;
 
+	if (*str == ' ')
+		return NULL;
+
 	while ((c = *str++) != ' ') {
 		if (c < '0' || c > '7')
 			return NULL;
@@ -16,13 +19,16 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, unsigned int *modep)
 	return str;
 }
 
-static void decode_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buf, unsigned long size)
+static void decode_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	unsigned int mode, len;
 
+	if (size < 24 || buf[size - 21])
+		die("corrupt tree file");
+
 	path = get_mode(buf, &mode);
-	if (!path)
+	if (!path || !*path)
 		die("corrupt tree file");
 	len = strlen(path) + 1;
 
@@ -56,7 +62,7 @@ void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 static int entry_compare(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
 {
-	return base_name_compare(
+	return df_name_compare(
 			a->path, tree_entry_len(a->path, a->sha1), a->mode,
 			b->path, tree_entry_len(b->path, b->sha1), b->mode);
 }
@@ -98,12 +104,48 @@ int tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, struct name_entry *entry)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-void traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, const char *base, traverse_callback_t callback)
+void setup_traverse_info(struct traverse_info *info, const char *base)
+{
+	int pathlen = strlen(base);
+	static struct traverse_info dummy;
+
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+	if (pathlen && base[pathlen-1] == '/')
+		pathlen--;
+	info->pathlen = pathlen ? pathlen + 1 : 0;
+	info->name.path = base;
+	info->name.sha1 = (void *)(base + pathlen + 1);
+	if (pathlen)
+		info->prev = &dummy;
+}
+
+char *make_traverse_path(char *path, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
+	int len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+	int pathlen = info->pathlen;
+
+	path[pathlen + len] = 0;
+	for (;;) {
+		memcpy(path + pathlen, n->path, len);
+		if (!pathlen)
+			break;
+		path[--pathlen] = '/';
+		n = &info->name;
+		len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+		info = info->prev;
+		pathlen -= len;
+	}
+	return path;
+}
+
+int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
 	struct name_entry *entry = xmalloc(n*sizeof(*entry));
 
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned long mask = 0;
+		unsigned long dirmask = 0;
 		int i, last;
 
 		last = -1;
@@ -128,25 +170,35 @@ void traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, const char *base, traverse_callb
 					mask = 0;
 			}
 			mask |= 1ul << i;
+			if (S_ISDIR(entry[i].mode))
+				dirmask |= 1ul << i;
 			last = i;
 		}
 		if (!mask)
 			break;
+		dirmask &= mask;
 
 		/*
-		 * Update the tree entries we've walked, and clear
-		 * all the unused name-entries.
+		 * Clear all the unused name-entries.
 		 */
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-			if (mask & (1ul << i)) {
-				update_tree_entry(t+i);
+			if (mask & (1ul << i))
 				continue;
-			}
 			entry_clear(entry + i);
 		}
-		callback(n, mask, entry, base);
+		ret = info->fn(n, mask, dirmask, entry, info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			break;
+		if (ret)
+			mask &= ret;
+		ret = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			if (mask & (1ul << i))
+				update_tree_entry(t + i);
+		}
 	}
 	free(entry);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, unsigned char *result, unsigned *mode)
@@ -206,4 +258,3 @@ int get_tree_entry(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, const char *name, unsigned ch
 	free(tree);
 	return retval;
 }
-
diff --git a/tree-walk.h b/tree-walk.h
index 43458cf8ce..42110a465f 100644
--- a/tree-walk.h
+++ b/tree-walk.h
@@ -22,22 +22,38 @@ static inline const unsigned char *tree_entry_extract(struct tree_desc *desc, co
 
 static inline int tree_entry_len(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	return (char *)sha1 - (char *)name - 1;
+	return (const char *)sha1 - name - 1;
 }
 
 void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *);
 void init_tree_desc(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buf, unsigned long size);
-const unsigned char *tree_entry_extract(struct tree_desc *, const char **, unsigned int *);
 
 /* Helper function that does both of the above and returns true for success */
 int tree_entry(struct tree_desc *, struct name_entry *);
 
 void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const unsigned char *sha1);
 
-typedef void (*traverse_callback_t)(int n, unsigned long mask, struct name_entry *entry, const char *base);
+struct traverse_info;
+typedef int (*traverse_callback_t)(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *entry, struct traverse_info *);
+int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info);
 
-void traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, const char *base, traverse_callback_t callback);
+struct traverse_info {
+	struct traverse_info *prev;
+	struct name_entry name;
+	int pathlen;
+
+	unsigned long conflicts;
+	traverse_callback_t fn;
+	void *data;
+};
 
 int get_tree_entry(const unsigned char *, const char *, unsigned char *, unsigned *);
+extern char *make_traverse_path(char *path, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n);
+extern void setup_traverse_info(struct traverse_info *info, const char *base);
+
+static inline int traverse_path_len(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
+{
+	return info->pathlen + tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+}
 
 #endif
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index d188c0fbae..5ab90af256 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@
 
 const char *tree_type = "tree";
 
-static int read_one_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage)
+static int read_one_entry_opt(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, int opt)
 {
 	int len;
 	unsigned int size;
@@ -25,7 +26,23 @@ static int read_one_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int basel
 	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
-	return add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
+	return add_cache_entry(ce, opt);
+}
+
+static int read_one_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
+{
+	return read_one_entry_opt(sha1, base, baselen, pathname, mode, stage,
+				  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is used when the caller knows there is no existing entries at
+ * the stage that will conflict with the entry being added.
+ */
+static int read_one_entry_quick(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
+{
+	return read_one_entry_opt(sha1, base, baselen, pathname, mode, stage,
+				  ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND);
 }
 
 static int match_tree_entry(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char **paths)
@@ -43,8 +60,13 @@ static int match_tree_entry(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, uns
 			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
 			if (strncmp(base, match, matchlen))
 				continue;
-			/* The base is a subdirectory of a path which was specified. */
-			return 1;
+			/* pathspecs match only at the directory boundaries */
+			if (!matchlen ||
+			    baselen == matchlen ||
+			    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
+			    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
+				return 1;
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* Does the base match? */
@@ -75,7 +97,7 @@ static int match_tree_entry(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, uns
 int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 			const char *base, int baselen,
 			int stage, const char **match,
-			read_tree_fn_t fn)
+			read_tree_fn_t fn, void *context)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
@@ -89,11 +111,11 @@ int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 		if (!match_tree_entry(base, baselen, entry.path, entry.mode, match))
 			continue;
 
-		switch (fn(entry.sha1, base, baselen, entry.path, entry.mode, stage)) {
+		switch (fn(entry.sha1, base, baselen, entry.path, entry.mode, stage, context)) {
 		case 0:
 			continue;
 		case READ_TREE_RECURSIVE:
-			break;;
+			break;
 		default:
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -109,30 +131,100 @@ int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 			retval = read_tree_recursive(lookup_tree(entry.sha1),
 						     newbase,
 						     baselen + pathlen + 1,
-						     stage, match, fn);
+						     stage, match, fn, context);
 			free(newbase);
 			if (retval)
 				return -1;
 			continue;
+		} else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode)) {
+			int retval;
+			struct strbuf path;
+			unsigned int entrylen;
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			entrylen = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
+			strbuf_init(&path, baselen + entrylen + 1);
+			strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
+			strbuf_add(&path, entry.path, entrylen);
+			strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
+
+			commit = lookup_commit(entry.sha1);
+			if (!commit)
+				die("Commit %s in submodule path %s not found",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1), path.buf);
+
+			if (parse_commit(commit))
+				die("Invalid commit %s in submodule path %s",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1), path.buf);
+
+			retval = read_tree_recursive(commit->tree,
+						     path.buf, path.len,
+						     stage, match, fn, context);
+			strbuf_release(&path);
+			if (retval)
+				return -1;
+			continue;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int cmp_cache_name_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct cache_entry *ce1, *ce2;
+
+	ce1 = *((const struct cache_entry **)a_);
+	ce2 = *((const struct cache_entry **)b_);
+	return cache_name_compare(ce1->name, ce1->ce_flags,
+				  ce2->name, ce2->ce_flags);
+}
+
 int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, const char **match)
 {
-	return read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, stage, match, read_one_entry);
+	read_tree_fn_t fn = NULL;
+	int i, err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently the only existing callers of this function all
+	 * call it with stage=1 and after making sure there is nothing
+	 * at that stage; we could always use read_one_entry_quick().
+	 *
+	 * But when we decide to straighten out git-read-tree not to
+	 * use unpack_trees() in some cases, this will probably start
+	 * to matter.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * See if we have cache entry at the stage.  If so,
+	 * do it the original slow way, otherwise, append and then
+	 * sort at the end.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; !fn && i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (ce_stage(ce) == stage)
+			fn = read_one_entry;
+	}
+
+	if (!fn)
+		fn = read_one_entry_quick;
+	err = read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, stage, match, fn, NULL);
+	if (fn == read_one_entry || err)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sort the cache entry -- we need to nuke the cache tree, though.
+	 */
+	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
+	qsort(active_cache, active_nr, sizeof(active_cache[0]),
+	      cmp_cache_name_compare);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 struct tree *lookup_tree(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		struct tree *ret = alloc_tree_node();
-		created_object(sha1, &ret->object);
-		ret->object.type = OBJ_TREE;
-		return ret;
-	}
+	if (!obj)
+		return create_object(sha1, OBJ_TREE, alloc_tree_node());
 	if (!obj->type)
 		obj->type = OBJ_TREE;
 	if (obj->type != OBJ_TREE) {
@@ -143,34 +235,6 @@ struct tree *lookup_tree(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return (struct tree *) obj;
 }
 
-static void track_tree_refs(struct tree *item)
-{
-	int n_refs = 0, i;
-	struct object_refs *refs;
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	struct name_entry entry;
-
-	/* Count how many entries there are.. */
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
-		n_refs++;
-
-	/* Allocate object refs and walk it again.. */
-	i = 0;
-	refs = alloc_object_refs(n_refs);
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		struct object *obj;
-
-		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			obj = &lookup_tree(entry.sha1)->object;
-		else
-			obj = &lookup_blob(entry.sha1)->object;
-		refs->ref[i++] = obj;
-	}
-	set_object_refs(&item->object, refs);
-}
-
 int parse_tree_buffer(struct tree *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	if (item->object.parsed)
@@ -179,8 +243,6 @@ int parse_tree_buffer(struct tree *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	item->buffer = buffer;
 	item->size = size;
 
-	if (track_object_refs)
-		track_tree_refs(item);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/tree.h b/tree.h
index dd25c539ef..2ff01a4f83 100644
--- a/tree.h
+++ b/tree.h
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ int parse_tree(struct tree *tree);
 struct tree *parse_tree_indirect(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
 #define READ_TREE_RECURSIVE 1
-typedef int (*read_tree_fn_t)(const unsigned char *, const char *, int, const char *, unsigned int, int);
+typedef int (*read_tree_fn_t)(const unsigned char *, const char *, int, const char *, unsigned int, int, void *);
 
 extern int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 			       const char *base, int baselen,
 			       int stage, const char **match,
-			       read_tree_fn_t fn);
+			       read_tree_fn_t fn, void *context);
 
 extern int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, const char **paths);
 
diff --git a/unimplemented.sh b/unimplemented.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5252de4b25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/unimplemented.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+echo >&2 "fatal: git was built without support for `basename $0` (@@REASON@@)."
+exit 128
diff --git a/unpack-file.c b/unpack-file.c
index 25c56b374a..ac9cbf7cd8 100644
--- a/unpack-file.c
+++ b/unpack-file.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -14,11 +15,9 @@ static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 		die("unable to read blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
-	fd = mkstemp(path);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to create temp-file");
+	fd = xmkstemp(path);
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, size) != size)
-		die("unable to write temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 	return path;
 }
@@ -27,13 +26,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git-unpack-file <sha1>");
+		usage("git unpack-file <sha1>");
 	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	puts(create_temp_file(sha1));
 	return 0;
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index a0b676903a..720f7a1616 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -1,424 +1,433 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "attr.h"
 
-#define DBRT_DEBUG 1
+/*
+ * Error messages expected by scripts out of plumbing commands such as
+ * read-tree.  Non-scripted Porcelain is not required to use these messages
+ * and in fact are encouraged to reword them to better suit their particular
+ * situation better.  See how "git checkout" replaces not_uptodate_file to
+ * explain why it does not allow switching between branches when you have
+ * local changes, for example.
+ */
+static struct unpack_trees_error_msgs unpack_plumbing_errors = {
+	/* would_overwrite */
+	"Entry '%s' would be overwritten by merge. Cannot merge.",
 
-struct tree_entry_list {
-	struct tree_entry_list *next;
-	unsigned directory : 1;
-	unsigned executable : 1;
-	unsigned symlink : 1;
-	unsigned int mode;
-	const char *name;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
-};
+	/* not_uptodate_file */
+	"Entry '%s' not uptodate. Cannot merge.",
 
-static struct tree_entry_list *create_tree_entry_list(struct tree *tree)
-{
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	struct name_entry one;
-	struct tree_entry_list *ret = NULL;
-	struct tree_entry_list **list_p = &ret;
+	/* not_uptodate_dir */
+	"Updating '%s' would lose untracked files in it",
 
-	if (!tree->object.parsed)
-		parse_tree(tree);
+	/* would_lose_untracked */
+	"Untracked working tree file '%s' would be %s by merge.",
 
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	/* bind_overlap */
+	"Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind.",
+};
 
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &one)) {
-		struct tree_entry_list *entry;
+#define ERRORMSG(o,fld) \
+	( ((o) && (o)->msgs.fld) \
+	? ((o)->msgs.fld) \
+	: (unpack_plumbing_errors.fld) )
 
-		entry = xmalloc(sizeof(struct tree_entry_list));
-		entry->name = one.path;
-		entry->sha1 = one.sha1;
-		entry->mode = one.mode;
-		entry->directory = S_ISDIR(one.mode) != 0;
-		entry->executable = (one.mode & S_IXUSR) != 0;
-		entry->symlink = S_ISLNK(one.mode) != 0;
-		entry->next = NULL;
+static void add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
+	unsigned int set, unsigned int clear)
+{
+	unsigned int size = ce_size(ce);
+	struct cache_entry *new = xmalloc(size);
 
-		*list_p = entry;
-		list_p = &entry->next;
-	}
-	return ret;
+	clear |= CE_HASHED | CE_UNHASHED;
+
+	memcpy(new, ce, size);
+	new->next = NULL;
+	new->ce_flags = (new->ce_flags & ~clear) | set;
+	add_index_entry(&o->result, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 }
 
-static int entcmp(const char *name1, int dir1, const char *name2, int dir2)
+/*
+ * Unlink the last component and schedule the leading directories for
+ * removal, such that empty directories get removed.
+ */
+static void unlink_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	int len1 = strlen(name1);
-	int len2 = strlen(name2);
-	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
-	int ret = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
-	unsigned char c1, c2;
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-	c1 = name1[len];
-	c2 = name2[len];
-	if (!c1 && dir1)
-		c1 = '/';
-	if (!c2 && dir2)
-		c2 = '/';
-	ret = (c1 < c2) ? -1 : (c1 > c2) ? 1 : 0;
-	if (c1 && c2 && !ret)
-		ret = len1 - len2;
-	return ret;
+	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+		return;
+	if (unlink_or_warn(ce->name))
+		return;
+	schedule_dir_for_removal(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 }
 
-static int unpack_trees_rec(struct tree_entry_list **posns, int len,
-			    const char *base, struct unpack_trees_options *o,
-			    struct tree_entry_list *df_conflict_list)
+static struct checkout state;
+static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	int baselen = strlen(base);
-	int src_size = len + 1;
-	int i_stk = i_stk;
-	int retval = 0;
-
-	if (o->dir)
-		i_stk = push_exclude_per_directory(o->dir, base, strlen(base));
-
-	do {
-		int i;
-		const char *first;
-		int firstdir = 0;
-		int pathlen;
-		unsigned ce_size;
-		struct tree_entry_list **subposns;
-		struct cache_entry **src;
-		int any_files = 0;
-		int any_dirs = 0;
-		char *cache_name;
-		int ce_stage;
-
-		/* Find the first name in the input. */
-
-		first = NULL;
-		cache_name = NULL;
-
-		/* Check the cache */
-		if (o->merge && o->pos < active_nr) {
-			/* This is a bit tricky: */
-			/* If the index has a subdirectory (with
-			 * contents) as the first name, it'll get a
-			 * filename like "foo/bar". But that's after
-			 * "foo", so the entry in trees will get
-			 * handled first, at which point we'll go into
-			 * "foo", and deal with "bar" from the index,
-			 * because the base will be "foo/". The only
-			 * way we can actually have "foo/bar" first of
-			 * all the things is if the trees don't
-			 * contain "foo" at all, in which case we'll
-			 * handle "foo/bar" without going into the
-			 * directory, but that's fine (and will return
-			 * an error anyway, with the added unknown
-			 * file case.
-			 */
-
-			cache_name = active_cache[o->pos]->name;
-			if (strlen(cache_name) > baselen &&
-			    !memcmp(cache_name, base, baselen)) {
-				cache_name += baselen;
-				first = cache_name;
-			} else {
-				cache_name = NULL;
-			}
-		}
+	unsigned cnt = 0, total = 0;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
+	struct index_state *index = &o->result;
+	int i;
+	int errs = 0;
 
-#if DBRT_DEBUG > 1
-		if (first)
-			printf("index %s\n", first);
-#endif
-		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-			if (!posns[i] || posns[i] == df_conflict_list)
-				continue;
-#if DBRT_DEBUG > 1
-			printf("%d %s\n", i + 1, posns[i]->name);
-#endif
-			if (!first || entcmp(first, firstdir,
-					     posns[i]->name,
-					     posns[i]->directory) > 0) {
-				first = posns[i]->name;
-				firstdir = posns[i]->directory;
-			}
+	if (o->update && o->verbose_update) {
+		for (total = cnt = 0; cnt < index->cache_nr; cnt++) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[cnt];
+			if (ce->ce_flags & (CE_UPDATE | CE_REMOVE))
+				total++;
 		}
-		/* No name means we're done */
-		if (!first)
-			goto leave_directory;
-
-		pathlen = strlen(first);
-		ce_size = cache_entry_size(baselen + pathlen);
 
-		src = xcalloc(src_size, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+		progress = start_progress_delay("Checking out files",
+						total, 50, 1);
+		cnt = 0;
+	}
 
-		subposns = xcalloc(len, sizeof(struct tree_list_entry *));
+	if (o->update)
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT, &o->result);
+	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
 
-		if (cache_name && !strcmp(cache_name, first)) {
-			any_files = 1;
-			src[0] = active_cache[o->pos];
-			remove_cache_entry_at(o->pos);
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE) {
+			display_progress(progress, ++cnt);
+			if (o->update)
+				unlink_entry(ce);
 		}
+	}
+	remove_marked_cache_entries(&o->result);
+	remove_scheduled_dirs();
 
-		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-			if (!posns[i] ||
-			    (posns[i] != df_conflict_list &&
-			     strcmp(first, posns[i]->name))) {
-				continue;
-			}
+	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
 
-			if (posns[i] == df_conflict_list) {
-				src[i + o->merge] = o->df_conflict_entry;
-				continue;
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE) {
+			display_progress(progress, ++cnt);
+			ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_UPDATE;
+			if (o->update) {
+				errs |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
 			}
+		}
+	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
+	if (o->update)
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN, NULL);
+	return errs != 0;
+}
 
-			if (posns[i]->directory) {
-				struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(posns[i]->sha1);
-				any_dirs = 1;
-				parse_tree(tree);
-				subposns[i] = create_tree_entry_list(tree);
-				posns[i] = posns[i]->next;
-				src[i + o->merge] = o->df_conflict_entry;
-				continue;
-			}
+static inline int call_unpack_fn(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	int ret = o->fn(src, o);
+	if (ret > 0)
+		ret = 0;
+	return ret;
+}
 
-			if (!o->merge)
-				ce_stage = 0;
-			else if (i + 1 < o->head_idx)
-				ce_stage = 1;
-			else if (i + 1 > o->head_idx)
-				ce_stage = 3;
-			else
-				ce_stage = 2;
-
-			ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
-			ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(posns[i]->mode);
-			ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(baselen + pathlen,
-						       ce_stage);
-			memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
-			memcpy(ce->name + baselen, first, pathlen + 1);
-
-			any_files = 1;
-
-			hashcpy(ce->sha1, posns[i]->sha1);
-			src[i + o->merge] = ce;
-			subposns[i] = df_conflict_list;
-			posns[i] = posns[i]->next;
-		}
-		if (any_files) {
-			if (o->merge) {
-				int ret;
-
-#if DBRT_DEBUG > 1
-				printf("%s:\n", first);
-				for (i = 0; i < src_size; i++) {
-					printf(" %d ", i);
-					if (src[i])
-						printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(src[i]->sha1));
-					else
-						printf("\n");
-				}
-#endif
-				ret = o->fn(src, o);
+static int unpack_index_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { ce, NULL, };
 
-#if DBRT_DEBUG > 1
-				printf("Added %d entries\n", ret);
-#endif
-				o->pos += ret;
-			} else {
-				for (i = 0; i < src_size; i++) {
-					if (src[i]) {
-						add_cache_entry(src[i], ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if (any_dirs) {
-			char *newbase = xmalloc(baselen + 2 + pathlen);
-			memcpy(newbase, base, baselen);
-			memcpy(newbase + baselen, first, pathlen);
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = '/';
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen + 1] = '\0';
-			if (unpack_trees_rec(subposns, len, newbase, o,
-					     df_conflict_list)) {
-				retval = -1;
-				goto leave_directory;
-			}
-			free(newbase);
+	o->pos++;
+	if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+		if (o->skip_unmerged) {
+			add_entry(o, ce, 0, 0);
+			return 0;
 		}
-		free(subposns);
-		free(src);
-	} while (1);
+	}
+	return call_unpack_fn(src, o);
+}
 
- leave_directory:
-	if (o->dir)
-		pop_exclude_per_directory(o->dir, i_stk);
-	return retval;
+static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask, unsigned long df_conflicts, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	struct traverse_info newinfo;
+	struct name_entry *p;
+
+	p = names;
+	while (!p->mode)
+		p++;
+
+	newinfo = *info;
+	newinfo.prev = info;
+	newinfo.name = *p;
+	newinfo.pathlen += tree_entry_len(p->path, p->sha1) + 1;
+	newinfo.conflicts |= df_conflicts;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++, dirmask >>= 1) {
+		const unsigned char *sha1 = NULL;
+		if (dirmask & 1)
+			sha1 = names[i].sha1;
+		fill_tree_descriptor(t+i, sha1);
+	}
+	return traverse_trees(n, t, &newinfo);
 }
 
-/* Unlink the last component and attempt to remove leading
- * directories, in case this unlink is the removal of the
- * last entry in the directory -- empty directories are removed.
+/*
+ * Compare the traverse-path to the cache entry without actually
+ * having to generate the textual representation of the traverse
+ * path.
+ *
+ * NOTE! This *only* compares up to the size of the traverse path
+ * itself - the caller needs to do the final check for the cache
+ * entry having more data at the end!
  */
-static void unlink_entry(char *name)
+static int do_compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
-	char *cp, *prev;
-
-	if (unlink(name))
-		return;
-	prev = NULL;
-	while (1) {
-		int status;
-		cp = strrchr(name, '/');
-		if (prev)
-			*prev = '/';
-		if (!cp)
-			break;
+	int len, pathlen, ce_len;
+	const char *ce_name;
 
-		*cp = 0;
-		status = rmdir(name);
-		if (status) {
-			*cp = '/';
-			break;
-		}
-		prev = cp;
+	if (info->prev) {
+		int cmp = do_compare_entry(ce, info->prev, &info->name);
+		if (cmp)
+			return cmp;
 	}
-}
+	pathlen = info->pathlen;
+	ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+
+	/* If ce_len < pathlen then we must have previously hit "name == directory" entry */
+	if (ce_len < pathlen)
+		return -1;
+
+	ce_len -= pathlen;
+	ce_name = ce->name + pathlen;
 
-static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
+	len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+	return df_name_compare(ce_name, ce_len, S_IFREG, n->path, len, n->mode);
+}
 
-static void progress_interval(int signum)
+static int compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
-	progress_update = 1;
+	int cmp = do_compare_entry(ce, info, n);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Even if the beginning compared identically, the ce should
+	 * compare as bigger than a directory leading up to it!
+	 */
+	return ce_namelen(ce) > traverse_path_len(info, n);
 }
 
-static void setup_progress_signal(void)
+static struct cache_entry *create_ce_entry(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n, int stage)
 {
-	struct sigaction sa;
-	struct itimerval v;
-
-	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-	sa.sa_handler = progress_interval;
-	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-	sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
-
-	v.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
-	v.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
-	v.it_value = v.it_interval;
-	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &v, NULL);
+	int len = traverse_path_len(info, n);
+	struct cache_entry *ce = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
+
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(n->mode);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, n->sha1);
+	make_traverse_path(ce->name, info, n);
+
+	return ce;
 }
 
-static struct checkout state;
-static void check_updates(struct cache_entry **src, int nr,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask,
+				 unsigned long dirmask,
+				 struct cache_entry **src,
+				 const struct name_entry *names,
+				 const struct traverse_info *info)
 {
-	unsigned short mask = htons(CE_UPDATE);
-	unsigned last_percent = 200, cnt = 0, total = 0;
+	int i;
+	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
+	unsigned long conflicts;
 
-	if (o->update && o->verbose_update) {
-		for (total = cnt = 0; cnt < nr; cnt++) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce = src[cnt];
-			if (!ce->ce_mode || ce->ce_flags & mask)
-				total++;
-		}
+	/* Do we have *only* directories? Nothing to do */
+	if (mask == dirmask && !src[0])
+		return 0;
 
-		/* Don't bother doing this for very small updates */
-		if (total < 250)
-			total = 0;
+	conflicts = info->conflicts;
+	if (o->merge)
+		conflicts >>= 1;
+	conflicts |= dirmask;
 
-		if (total) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Checking files out...\n");
-			setup_progress_signal();
-			progress_update = 1;
+	/*
+	 * Ok, we've filled in up to any potential index entry in src[0],
+	 * now do the rest.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int stage;
+		unsigned int bit = 1ul << i;
+		if (conflicts & bit) {
+			src[i + o->merge] = o->df_conflict_entry;
+			continue;
 		}
-		cnt = 0;
+		if (!(mask & bit))
+			continue;
+		if (!o->merge)
+			stage = 0;
+		else if (i + 1 < o->head_idx)
+			stage = 1;
+		else if (i + 1 > o->head_idx)
+			stage = 3;
+		else
+			stage = 2;
+		src[i + o->merge] = create_ce_entry(info, names + i, stage);
 	}
 
-	while (nr--) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = *src++;
-
-		if (total) {
-			if (!ce->ce_mode || ce->ce_flags & mask) {
-				unsigned percent;
-				cnt++;
-				percent = (cnt * 100) / total;
-				if (percent != last_percent ||
-				    progress_update) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
-						percent, cnt, total);
-					last_percent = percent;
-					progress_update = 0;
+	if (o->merge)
+		return call_unpack_fn(src, o);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		if (src[i] && src[i] != o->df_conflict_entry)
+			add_entry(o, src[i], 0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *src[MAX_UNPACK_TREES + 1] = { NULL, };
+	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
+	const struct name_entry *p = names;
+
+	/* Find first entry with a real name (we could use "mask" too) */
+	while (!p->mode)
+		p++;
+
+	/* Are we supposed to look at the index too? */
+	if (o->merge) {
+		while (o->pos < o->src_index->cache_nr) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = o->src_index->cache[o->pos];
+			int cmp = compare_entry(ce, info, p);
+			if (cmp < 0) {
+				if (unpack_index_entry(ce, o) < 0)
+					return -1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!cmp) {
+				o->pos++;
+				if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+					/*
+					 * If we skip unmerged index entries, we'll skip this
+					 * entry *and* the tree entries associated with it!
+					 */
+					if (o->skip_unmerged) {
+						add_entry(o, ce, 0, 0);
+						return mask;
+					}
 				}
+				src[0] = ce;
 			}
+			break;
 		}
-		if (!ce->ce_mode) {
-			if (o->update)
-				unlink_entry(ce->name);
-			continue;
+	}
+
+	if (unpack_nondirectories(n, mask, dirmask, src, names, info) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Now handle any directories.. */
+	if (dirmask) {
+		unsigned long conflicts = mask & ~dirmask;
+		if (o->merge) {
+			conflicts <<= 1;
+			if (src[0])
+				conflicts |= 1;
 		}
-		if (ce->ce_flags & mask) {
-			ce->ce_flags &= ~mask;
-			if (o->update)
-				checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
+
+		/* special case: "diff-index --cached" looking at a tree */
+		if (o->diff_index_cached &&
+		    n == 1 && dirmask == 1 && S_ISDIR(names->mode)) {
+			int matches;
+			matches = cache_tree_matches_traversal(o->src_index->cache_tree,
+							       names, info);
+			/*
+			 * Everything under the name matches.  Adjust o->pos to
+			 * skip the entire hierarchy.
+			 */
+			if (matches) {
+				o->pos += matches;
+				return mask;
+			}
 		}
+
+		if (traverse_trees_recursive(n, dirmask, conflicts,
+					     names, info) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		return mask;
 	}
-	if (total) {
-		signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
+
+	return mask;
+}
+
+static int unpack_failed(struct unpack_trees_options *o, const char *message)
+{
+	discard_index(&o->result);
+	if (!o->gently) {
+		if (message)
+			return error("%s", message);
+		return -1;
 	}
+	return -1;
 }
 
-int unpack_trees(struct object_list *trees, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+/*
+ * N-way merge "len" trees.  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure to manipulate the
+ * resulting index, -2 on failure to reflect the changes to the work tree.
+ */
+int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	unsigned len = object_list_length(trees);
-	struct tree_entry_list **posns;
-	int i;
-	struct object_list *posn = trees;
-	struct tree_entry_list df_conflict_list;
+	int ret;
 	static struct cache_entry *dfc;
 
-	memset(&df_conflict_list, 0, sizeof(df_conflict_list));
-	df_conflict_list.next = &df_conflict_list;
+	if (len > MAX_UNPACK_TREES)
+		die("unpack_trees takes at most %d trees", MAX_UNPACK_TREES);
 	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
 	state.base_dir = "";
 	state.force = 1;
 	state.quiet = 1;
 	state.refresh_cache = 1;
 
+	memset(&o->result, 0, sizeof(o->result));
+	o->result.initialized = 1;
+	if (o->src_index) {
+		o->result.timestamp.sec = o->src_index->timestamp.sec;
+		o->result.timestamp.nsec = o->src_index->timestamp.nsec;
+	}
 	o->merge_size = len;
 
 	if (!dfc)
-		dfc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct cache_entry) + 1);
+		dfc = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(0));
 	o->df_conflict_entry = dfc;
 
 	if (len) {
-		posns = xmalloc(len * sizeof(struct tree_entry_list *));
-		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-			posns[i] = create_tree_entry_list((struct tree *) posn->item);
-			posn = posn->next;
+		const char *prefix = o->prefix ? o->prefix : "";
+		struct traverse_info info;
+
+		setup_traverse_info(&info, prefix);
+		info.fn = unpack_callback;
+		info.data = o;
+
+		if (traverse_trees(len, t, &info) < 0)
+			return unpack_failed(o, NULL);
+	}
+
+	/* Any left-over entries in the index? */
+	if (o->merge) {
+		while (o->pos < o->src_index->cache_nr) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = o->src_index->cache[o->pos];
+			if (unpack_index_entry(ce, o) < 0)
+				return unpack_failed(o, NULL);
 		}
-		if (unpack_trees_rec(posns, len, o->prefix ? o->prefix : "",
-				     o, &df_conflict_list))
-			return -1;
 	}
 
 	if (o->trivial_merges_only && o->nontrivial_merge)
-		die("Merge requires file-level merging");
+		return unpack_failed(o, "Merge requires file-level merging");
 
-	check_updates(active_cache, active_nr, o);
-	return 0;
+	o->src_index = NULL;
+	ret = check_updates(o) ? (-2) : 0;
+	if (o->dst_index)
+		*o->dst_index = o->result;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /* Here come the merge functions */
 
-static void reject_merge(struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int reject_merge(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	die("Entry '%s' would be overwritten by merge. Cannot merge.",
-	    ce->name);
+	return error(ERRORMSG(o, would_overwrite), ce->name);
 }
 
 static int same(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b)
@@ -436,70 +445,97 @@ static int same(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b)
  * When a CE gets turned into an unmerged entry, we
  * want it to be up-to-date
  */
-static void verify_uptodate(struct cache_entry *ce,
+static int verify_uptodate(struct cache_entry *ce,
 		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
-	if (o->index_only || o->reset)
-		return;
+	if (o->index_only || o->reset || ce_uptodate(ce))
+		return 0;
 
 	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
-		unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 1);
+		unsigned changed = ie_match_stat(o->src_index, ce, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
 		if (!changed)
-			return;
+			return 0;
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK: the current default policy is to allow
+		 * submodule to be out of sync wrt the supermodule
+		 * index.  This needs to be tightened later for
+		 * submodules that are marked to be automatically
+		 * checked out.
+		 */
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return 0;
 		errno = 0;
 	}
-	if (o->reset) {
-		ce->ce_flags |= htons(CE_UPDATE);
-		return;
-	}
 	if (errno == ENOENT)
-		return;
-	die("Entry '%s' not uptodate. Cannot merge.", ce->name);
+		return 0;
+	return o->gently ? -1 :
+		error(ERRORMSG(o, not_uptodate_file), ce->name);
 }
 
-static void invalidate_ce_path(struct cache_entry *ce)
+static void invalidate_ce_path(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	if (ce)
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, ce->name);
+		cache_tree_invalidate_path(o->src_index->cache_tree, ce->name);
 }
 
-static int verify_clean_subdirectory(const char *path, const char *action,
+/*
+ * Check that checking out ce->sha1 in subdir ce->name is not
+ * going to overwrite any working files.
+ *
+ * Currently, git does not checkout subprojects during a superproject
+ * checkout, so it is not going to overwrite anything.
+ */
+static int verify_clean_submodule(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
+				      struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_clean_subdirectory(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 				      struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	/*
-	 * we are about to extract "path"; we would not want to lose
+	 * we are about to extract "ce->name"; we would not want to lose
 	 * anything in the existing directory there.
 	 */
 	int namelen;
-	int pos, i;
+	int i;
 	struct dir_struct d;
 	char *pathbuf;
 	int cnt = 0;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+	    resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sha1) == 0) {
+		/* If we are not going to update the submodule, then
+		 * we don't care.
+		 */
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1))
+			return 0;
+		return verify_clean_submodule(ce, action, o);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * First let's make sure we do not have a local modification
 	 * in that directory.
 	 */
-	namelen = strlen(path);
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
-	if (0 <= pos)
-		return cnt; /* we have it as nondirectory */
-	pos = -pos - 1;
-	for (i = pos; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+	namelen = strlen(ce->name);
+	for (i = o->pos; i < o->src_index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce2 = o->src_index->cache[i];
+		int len = ce_namelen(ce2);
 		if (len < namelen ||
-		    strncmp(path, ce->name, namelen) ||
-		    ce->name[namelen] != '/')
+		    strncmp(ce->name, ce2->name, namelen) ||
+		    ce2->name[namelen] != '/')
 			break;
 		/*
-		 * ce->name is an entry in the subdirectory.
+		 * ce2->name is an entry in the subdirectory.
 		 */
-		if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
-			verify_uptodate(ce, o);
-			ce->ce_mode = 0;
+		if (!ce_stage(ce2)) {
+			if (verify_uptodate(ce2, o))
+				return -1;
+			add_entry(o, ce2, CE_REMOVE, 0);
 		}
 		cnt++;
 	}
@@ -509,41 +545,72 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(const char *path, const char *action,
 	 * present file that is not ignored.
 	 */
 	pathbuf = xmalloc(namelen + 2);
-	memcpy(pathbuf, path, namelen);
+	memcpy(pathbuf, ce->name, namelen);
 	strcpy(pathbuf+namelen, "/");
 
 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
 	if (o->dir)
 		d.exclude_per_dir = o->dir->exclude_per_dir;
-	i = read_directory(&d, path, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
+	i = read_directory(&d, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
 	if (i)
-		die("Updating '%s' would lose untracked files in it",
-		    path);
+		return o->gently ? -1 :
+			error(ERRORMSG(o, not_uptodate_dir), ce->name);
 	free(pathbuf);
 	return cnt;
 }
 
 /*
+ * This gets called when there was no index entry for the tree entry 'dst',
+ * but we found a file in the working tree that 'lstat()' said was fine,
+ * and we're on a case-insensitive filesystem.
+ *
+ * See if we can find a case-insensitive match in the index that also
+ * matches the stat information, and assume it's that other file!
+ */
+static int icase_exists(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *dst, struct stat *st)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *src;
+
+	src = index_name_exists(o->src_index, dst->name, ce_namelen(dst), 1);
+	return src && !ie_match_stat(o->src_index, src, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
+}
+
+/*
  * We do not want to remove or overwrite a working tree file that
  * is not tracked, unless it is ignored.
  */
-static void verify_absent(const char *path, const char *action,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
+			 struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (o->index_only || o->reset || !o->update)
-		return;
+		return 0;
+
+	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+		return 0;
 
-	if (!lstat(path, &st)) {
-		int cnt;
+	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
+		int ret;
+		int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
+		struct cache_entry *result;
 
-		if (o->dir && excluded(o->dir, path))
+		/*
+		 * It may be that the 'lstat()' succeeded even though
+		 * target 'ce' was absent, because there is an old
+		 * entry that is different only in case..
+		 *
+		 * Ignore that lstat() if it matches.
+		 */
+		if (ignore_case && icase_exists(o, ce, &st))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (o->dir && excluded(o->dir, ce->name, &dtype))
 			/*
-			 * path is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
+			 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
 			 * overwrite it.
 			 */
-			return;
+			return 0;
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 			/*
 			 * We are checking out path "foo" and
@@ -552,13 +619,15 @@ static void verify_absent(const char *path, const char *action,
 			 * files that are in "foo/" we would lose
 			 * it.
 			 */
-			cnt = verify_clean_subdirectory(path, action, o);
+			ret = verify_clean_subdirectory(ce, action, o);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				return ret;
 
 			/*
 			 * If this removed entries from the index,
 			 * what that means is:
 			 *
-			 * (1) the caller unpack_trees_rec() saw path/foo
+			 * (1) the caller unpack_callback() saw path/foo
 			 * in the index, and it has not removed it because
 			 * it thinks it is handling 'path' as blob with
 			 * D/F conflict;
@@ -571,8 +640,8 @@ static void verify_absent(const char *path, const char *action,
 			 * We need to increment it by the number of
 			 * deleted entries here.
 			 */
-			o->pos += cnt;
-			return;
+			o->pos += ret;
+			return 0;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -580,63 +649,69 @@ static void verify_absent(const char *path, const char *action,
 		 * delete this path, which is in a subdirectory that
 		 * is being replaced with a blob.
 		 */
-		cnt = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
-		if (0 <= cnt) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[cnt];
-			if (!ce_stage(ce) && !ce->ce_mode)
-				return;
+		result = index_name_exists(&o->result, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0);
+		if (result) {
+			if (result->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
+				return 0;
 		}
 
-		die("Untracked working tree file '%s' "
-		    "would be %s by merge.", path, action);
+		return o->gently ? -1 :
+			error(ERRORMSG(o, would_lose_untracked), ce->name, action);
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int merged_entry(struct cache_entry *merge, struct cache_entry *old,
 		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	merge->ce_flags |= htons(CE_UPDATE);
+	int update = CE_UPDATE;
+
 	if (old) {
 		/*
 		 * See if we can re-use the old CE directly?
 		 * That way we get the uptodate stat info.
 		 *
-		 * This also removes the UPDATE flag on
-		 * a match.
+		 * This also removes the UPDATE flag on a match; otherwise
+		 * we will end up overwriting local changes in the work tree.
 		 */
 		if (same(old, merge)) {
-			*merge = *old;
+			copy_cache_entry(merge, old);
+			update = 0;
 		} else {
-			verify_uptodate(old, o);
-			invalidate_ce_path(old);
+			if (verify_uptodate(old, o))
+				return -1;
+			invalidate_ce_path(old, o);
 		}
 	}
 	else {
-		verify_absent(merge->name, "overwritten", o);
-		invalidate_ce_path(merge);
+		if (verify_absent(merge, "overwritten", o))
+			return -1;
+		invalidate_ce_path(merge, o);
 	}
 
-	merge->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
-	add_cache_entry(merge, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+	add_entry(o, merge, update, CE_STAGEMASK);
 	return 1;
 }
 
 static int deleted_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct cache_entry *old,
 		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	if (old)
-		verify_uptodate(old, o);
-	else
-		verify_absent(ce->name, "removed", o);
-	ce->ce_mode = 0;
-	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
-	invalidate_ce_path(ce);
+	/* Did it exist in the index? */
+	if (!old) {
+		if (verify_absent(ce, "removed", o))
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (verify_uptodate(old, o))
+		return -1;
+	add_entry(o, ce, CE_REMOVE, 0);
+	invalidate_ce_path(ce, o);
 	return 1;
 }
 
 static int keep_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD);
+	add_entry(o, ce, 0, 0);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -649,15 +724,14 @@ static void show_stage_entry(FILE *o,
 	else
 		fprintf(o, "%s%06o %s %d\t%s\n",
 			label,
-			ntohl(ce->ce_mode),
+			ce->ce_mode,
 			sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1),
 			ce_stage(ce),
 			ce->name);
 }
 #endif
 
-int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *index;
 	struct cache_entry *head;
@@ -665,7 +739,6 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 	int count;
 	int head_match = 0;
 	int remote_match = 0;
-	const char *path = NULL;
 
 	int df_conflict_head = 0;
 	int df_conflict_remote = 0;
@@ -675,13 +748,10 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 1; i < o->head_idx; i++) {
-		if (!stages[i])
+		if (!stages[i] || stages[i] == o->df_conflict_entry)
 			any_anc_missing = 1;
-		else {
-			if (!path)
-				path = stages[i]->name;
+		else
 			no_anc_exists = 0;
-		}
 	}
 
 	index = stages[0];
@@ -697,13 +767,6 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 		remote = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (!path && index)
-		path = index->name;
-	if (!path && head)
-		path = head->name;
-	if (!path && remote)
-		path = remote->name;
-
 	/* First, if there's a #16 situation, note that to prevent #13
 	 * and #14.
 	 */
@@ -725,16 +788,15 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 	/* #14, #14ALT, #2ALT */
 	if (remote && !df_conflict_head && head_match && !remote_match) {
 		if (index && !same(index, remote) && !same(index, head))
-			reject_merge(index);
+			return o->gently ? -1 : reject_merge(index, o);
 		return merged_entry(remote, index, o);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * If we have an entry in the index cache, then we want to
 	 * make sure that it matches head.
 	 */
-	if (index && !same(index, head)) {
-		reject_merge(index);
-	}
+	if (index && !same(index, head))
+		return o->gently ? -1 : reject_merge(index, o);
 
 	if (head) {
 		/* #5ALT, #15 */
@@ -755,6 +817,23 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 	if (o->aggressive) {
 		int head_deleted = !head && !df_conflict_head;
 		int remote_deleted = !remote && !df_conflict_remote;
+		struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
+
+		if (index)
+			ce = index;
+		else if (head)
+			ce = head;
+		else if (remote)
+			ce = remote;
+		else {
+			for (i = 1; i < o->head_idx; i++) {
+				if (stages[i] && stages[i] != o->df_conflict_entry) {
+					ce = stages[i];
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Deleted in both.
 		 * Deleted in one and unchanged in the other.
@@ -764,8 +843,10 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 		    (remote_deleted && head && head_match)) {
 			if (index)
 				return deleted_entry(index, index, o);
-			else if (path && !head_deleted)
-				verify_absent(path, "removed", o);
+			if (ce && !head_deleted) {
+				if (verify_absent(ce, "removed", o))
+					return -1;
+			}
 			return 0;
 		}
 		/*
@@ -781,16 +862,17 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
 	 * conflict resolution files.
 	 */
 	if (index) {
-		verify_uptodate(index, o);
+		if (verify_uptodate(index, o))
+			return -1;
 	}
 
 	o->nontrivial_merge = 1;
 
-	/* #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #9, #11. */
+	/* #2, #3, #4, #6, #7, #9, #10, #11. */
 	count = 0;
 	if (!head_match || !remote_match) {
 		for (i = 1; i < o->head_idx; i++) {
-			if (stages[i]) {
+			if (stages[i] && stages[i] != o->df_conflict_entry) {
 				keep_entry(stages[i], o);
 				count++;
 				break;
@@ -818,8 +900,7 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages,
  * "carry forward" rule, please see <Documentation/git-read-tree.txt>.
  *
  */
-int twoway_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+int twoway_merge(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *current = src[0];
 	struct cache_entry *oldtree = src[1];
@@ -857,18 +938,26 @@ int twoway_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
 		else {
 			/* all other failures */
 			if (oldtree)
-				reject_merge(oldtree);
+				return o->gently ? -1 : reject_merge(oldtree, o);
 			if (current)
-				reject_merge(current);
+				return o->gently ? -1 : reject_merge(current, o);
 			if (newtree)
-				reject_merge(newtree);
+				return o->gently ? -1 : reject_merge(newtree, o);
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
-	else if (newtree)
+	else if (newtree) {
+		if (oldtree && !o->initial_checkout) {
+			/*
+			 * deletion of the path was staged;
+			 */
+			if (same(oldtree, newtree))
+				return 1;
+			return reject_merge(oldtree, o);
+		}
 		return merged_entry(newtree, current, o);
-	else
-		return deleted_entry(oldtree, current, o);
+	}
+	return deleted_entry(oldtree, current, o);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -887,7 +976,8 @@ int bind_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
 		return error("Cannot do a bind merge of %d trees\n",
 			     o->merge_size);
 	if (a && old)
-		die("Entry '%s' overlaps.  Cannot bind.", a->name);
+		return o->gently ? -1 :
+			error(ERRORMSG(o, bind_overlap), a->name, old->name);
 	if (!a)
 		return keep_entry(old, o);
 	else
@@ -900,8 +990,7 @@ int bind_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
  * The rule is:
  * - take the stat information from stage0, take the data from stage1
  */
-int oneway_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+int oneway_merge(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *old = src[0];
 	struct cache_entry *a = src[1];
@@ -910,16 +999,19 @@ int oneway_merge(struct cache_entry **src,
 		return error("Cannot do a oneway merge of %d trees",
 			     o->merge_size);
 
-	if (!a)
+	if (!a || a == o->df_conflict_entry)
 		return deleted_entry(old, old, o);
+
 	if (old && same(old, a)) {
-		if (o->reset) {
+		int update = 0;
+		if (o->reset && !ce_uptodate(old)) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (lstat(old->name, &st) ||
-			    ce_match_stat(old, &st, 1))
-				old->ce_flags |= htons(CE_UPDATE);
+			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID))
+				update |= CE_UPDATE;
 		}
-		return keep_entry(old, o);
+		add_entry(o, old, update, 0);
+		return 0;
 	}
 	return merged_entry(a, old, o);
 }
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index fee7da4382..1e0e2325f1 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -1,32 +1,52 @@
 #ifndef UNPACK_TREES_H
 #define UNPACK_TREES_H
 
+#define MAX_UNPACK_TREES 8
+
 struct unpack_trees_options;
 
 typedef int (*merge_fn_t)(struct cache_entry **src,
 		struct unpack_trees_options *options);
 
+struct unpack_trees_error_msgs {
+	const char *would_overwrite;
+	const char *not_uptodate_file;
+	const char *not_uptodate_dir;
+	const char *would_lose_untracked;
+	const char *bind_overlap;
+};
+
 struct unpack_trees_options {
-	int reset;
-	int merge;
-	int update;
-	int index_only;
-	int nontrivial_merge;
-	int trivial_merges_only;
-	int verbose_update;
-	int aggressive;
+	unsigned int reset:1,
+		     merge:1,
+		     update:1,
+		     index_only:1,
+		     nontrivial_merge:1,
+		     trivial_merges_only:1,
+		     verbose_update:1,
+		     aggressive:1,
+		     skip_unmerged:1,
+		     initial_checkout:1,
+		     diff_index_cached:1,
+		     gently:1;
 	const char *prefix;
 	int pos;
 	struct dir_struct *dir;
 	merge_fn_t fn;
+	struct unpack_trees_error_msgs msgs;
 
 	int head_idx;
 	int merge_size;
 
 	struct cache_entry *df_conflict_entry;
+	void *unpack_data;
+
+	struct index_state *dst_index;
+	struct index_state *src_index;
+	struct index_state result;
 };
 
-extern int unpack_trees(struct object_list *trees,
+extern int unpack_trees(unsigned n, struct tree_desc *t,
 		struct unpack_trees_options *options);
 
 int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages, struct unpack_trees_options *o);
diff --git a/update-server-info.c b/update-server-info.c
index 0b6c3835bd..7b38fd867b 100644
--- a/update-server-info.c
+++ b/update-server-info.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char update_server_info_usage[] =
-"git-update-server-info [--force]";
+"git update-server-info [--force]";
 
 int main(int ac, char **av)
 {
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 	if (i != ac)
 		usage(update_server_info_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(av[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	return !!update_server_info(force);
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index d3a09e78d5..841ebb534a 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
-static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git-upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
+static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
 
 /* bits #0..7 in revision.h, #8..10 in commit.c */
 #define THEY_HAVE	(1u << 11)
@@ -26,7 +27,8 @@ static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git-upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=n
 static unsigned long oldest_have;
 
 static int multi_ack, nr_our_refs;
-static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, no_progress;
+static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, use_include_tag;
+static int no_progress, daemon_mode;
 static struct object_array have_obj;
 static struct object_array want_obj;
 static unsigned int timeout;
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ static unsigned int timeout;
  * otherwise maximum packet size (up to 65520 bytes).
  */
 static int use_sideband;
+static int debug_fd;
 
 static void reset_timeout(void)
 {
@@ -62,8 +65,8 @@ static ssize_t send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
 	return safe_write(fd, data, sz);
 }
 
-FILE *pack_pipe = NULL;
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static FILE *pack_pipe = NULL;
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
 		fputc('-', pack_pipe);
@@ -75,20 +78,22 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
 	commit->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *component)
 {
 	/* An object with name "foo\n0000000..." can be used to
 	 * confuse downstream git-pack-objects very badly.
 	 */
-	const char *ep = strchr(p->name, '\n');
+	const char *name = path_name(path, component);
+	const char *ep = strchr(name, '\n');
 	if (ep) {
-		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1),
-		       (int) (ep - p->name),
-		       p->name);
+		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
+		       (int) (ep - name),
+		       name);
 	}
 	else
 		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %s\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1), p->name);
+				sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+	free((char *)name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -96,117 +101,92 @@ static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 	fprintf(pack_pipe, "-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 }
 
+static int do_rev_list(int fd, void *create_full_pack)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+
+	pack_pipe = fdopen(fd, "w");
+	if (create_full_pack)
+		use_thin_pack = 0; /* no point doing it */
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	revs.tag_objects = 1;
+	revs.tree_objects = 1;
+	revs.blob_objects = 1;
+	if (use_thin_pack)
+		revs.edge_hint = 1;
+
+	if (create_full_pack) {
+		const char *args[] = {"rev-list", "--all", NULL};
+		setup_revisions(2, args, &revs, NULL);
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
+			struct object *o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
+			/* why??? */
+			o->flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
+			add_pending_object(&revs, o, NULL);
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++) {
+			struct object *o = have_obj.objects[i].item;
+			o->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			add_pending_object(&revs, o, NULL);
+		}
+		setup_revisions(0, NULL, &revs, NULL);
+	}
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
+	fflush(pack_pipe);
+	fclose(pack_pipe);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void create_pack_file(void)
 {
-	/* Pipes between rev-list to pack-objects, pack-objects to us
-	 * and pack-objects error stream for progress bar.
-	 */
-	int lp_pipe[2], pu_pipe[2], pe_pipe[2];
-	pid_t pid_rev_list, pid_pack_objects;
+	struct async rev_list;
+	struct child_process pack_objects;
 	int create_full_pack = (nr_our_refs == want_obj.nr && !have_obj.nr);
 	char data[8193], progress[128];
 	char abort_msg[] = "aborting due to possible repository "
 		"corruption on the remote side.";
 	int buffered = -1;
-
-	if (pipe(lp_pipe) < 0)
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to create pipe");
-	pid_rev_list = fork();
-	if (pid_rev_list < 0)
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
-
-	if (!pid_rev_list) {
-		int i;
-		struct rev_info revs;
-
-		close(lp_pipe[0]);
-		pack_pipe = fdopen(lp_pipe[1], "w");
-
-		if (create_full_pack)
-			use_thin_pack = 0; /* no point doing it */
-		init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-		revs.tag_objects = 1;
-		revs.tree_objects = 1;
-		revs.blob_objects = 1;
-		if (use_thin_pack)
-			revs.edge_hint = 1;
-
-		if (create_full_pack) {
-			const char *args[] = {"rev-list", "--all", NULL};
-			setup_revisions(2, args, &revs, NULL);
-		} else {
-			for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
-				struct object *o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
-				/* why??? */
-				o->flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
-				add_pending_object(&revs, o, NULL);
-			}
-			for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++) {
-				struct object *o = have_obj.objects[i].item;
-				o->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-				add_pending_object(&revs, o, NULL);
-			}
-			setup_revisions(0, NULL, &revs, NULL);
-		}
-		prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
-		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
-		traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
-		exit(0);
-	}
-
-	if (pipe(pu_pipe) < 0)
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to create pipe");
-	if (pipe(pe_pipe) < 0)
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to create pipe");
-	pid_pack_objects = fork();
-	if (pid_pack_objects < 0) {
-		/* daemon sets things up to ignore TERM */
-		kill(pid_rev_list, SIGKILL);
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
-	}
-	if (!pid_pack_objects) {
-		const char *argv[10];
-		int i = 0;
-
-		dup2(lp_pipe[0], 0);
-		dup2(pu_pipe[1], 1);
-		dup2(pe_pipe[1], 2);
-
-		close(lp_pipe[0]);
-		close(lp_pipe[1]);
-		close(pu_pipe[0]);
-		close(pu_pipe[1]);
-		close(pe_pipe[0]);
-		close(pe_pipe[1]);
-
-		argv[i++] = "pack-objects";
-		argv[i++] = "--stdout";
-		if (!no_progress)
-			argv[i++] = "--progress";
-		if (use_ofs_delta)
-			argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
-		argv[i++] = NULL;
-
-		execv_git_cmd(argv);
-		kill(pid_rev_list, SIGKILL);
-		die("git-upload-pack: unable to exec git-pack-objects");
-	}
-
-	close(lp_pipe[0]);
-	close(lp_pipe[1]);
-
-	/* We read from pe_pipe[0] to capture stderr output for
-	 * progress bar, and pu_pipe[0] to capture the pack data.
+	ssize_t sz;
+	const char *argv[10];
+	int arg = 0;
+
+	rev_list.proc = do_rev_list;
+	/* .data is just a boolean: any non-NULL value will do */
+	rev_list.data = create_full_pack ? &rev_list : NULL;
+	if (start_async(&rev_list))
+		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
+
+	argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
+	argv[arg++] = "--stdout";
+	if (!no_progress)
+		argv[arg++] = "--progress";
+	if (use_ofs_delta)
+		argv[arg++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+	if (use_include_tag)
+		argv[arg++] = "--include-tag";
+	argv[arg++] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&pack_objects, 0, sizeof(pack_objects));
+	pack_objects.in = rev_list.out;	/* start_command closes it */
+	pack_objects.out = -1;
+	pack_objects.err = -1;
+	pack_objects.git_cmd = 1;
+	pack_objects.argv = argv;
+
+	if (start_command(&pack_objects))
+		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
+
+	/* We read from pack_objects.err to capture stderr output for
+	 * progress bar, and pack_objects.out to capture the pack data.
 	 */
-	close(pe_pipe[1]);
-	close(pu_pipe[1]);
 
 	while (1) {
-		const char *who;
 		struct pollfd pfd[2];
-		pid_t pid;
-		int status;
-		ssize_t sz;
 		int pe, pu, pollsize;
 
 		reset_timeout();
@@ -214,138 +194,106 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 		pollsize = 0;
 		pe = pu = -1;
 
-		if (0 <= pu_pipe[0]) {
-			pfd[pollsize].fd = pu_pipe[0];
+		if (0 <= pack_objects.out) {
+			pfd[pollsize].fd = pack_objects.out;
 			pfd[pollsize].events = POLLIN;
 			pu = pollsize;
 			pollsize++;
 		}
-		if (0 <= pe_pipe[0]) {
-			pfd[pollsize].fd = pe_pipe[0];
+		if (0 <= pack_objects.err) {
+			pfd[pollsize].fd = pack_objects.err;
 			pfd[pollsize].events = POLLIN;
 			pe = pollsize;
 			pollsize++;
 		}
 
-		if (pollsize) {
-			if (poll(pfd, pollsize, -1) < 0) {
-				if (errno != EINTR) {
-					error("poll failed, resuming: %s",
-					      strerror(errno));
-					sleep(1);
-				}
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (0 <= pu && (pfd[pu].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
-				/* Data ready; we keep the last byte
-				 * to ourselves in case we detect
-				 * broken rev-list, so that we can
-				 * leave the stream corrupted.  This
-				 * is unfortunate -- unpack-objects
-				 * would happily accept a valid pack
-				 * data with trailing garbage, so
-				 * appending garbage after we pass all
-				 * the pack data is not good enough to
-				 * signal breakage to downstream.
-				 */
-				char *cp = data;
-				ssize_t outsz = 0;
-				if (0 <= buffered) {
-					*cp++ = buffered;
-					outsz++;
-				}
-				sz = xread(pu_pipe[0], cp,
-					  sizeof(data) - outsz);
-				if (0 < sz)
-						;
-				else if (sz == 0) {
-					close(pu_pipe[0]);
-					pu_pipe[0] = -1;
-				}
-				else
-					goto fail;
-				sz += outsz;
-				if (1 < sz) {
-					buffered = data[sz-1] & 0xFF;
-					sz--;
-				}
-				else
-					buffered = -1;
-				sz = send_client_data(1, data, sz);
-				if (sz < 0)
-					goto fail;
-			}
-			if (0 <= pe && (pfd[pe].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
-				/* Status ready; we ship that in the side-band
-				 * or dump to the standard error.
-				 */
-				sz = xread(pe_pipe[0], progress,
-					  sizeof(progress));
-				if (0 < sz)
-					send_client_data(2, progress, sz);
-				else if (sz == 0) {
-					close(pe_pipe[0]);
-					pe_pipe[0] = -1;
-				}
-				else
-					goto fail;
+		if (!pollsize)
+			break;
+
+		if (poll(pfd, pollsize, -1) < 0) {
+			if (errno != EINTR) {
+				error("poll failed, resuming: %s",
+				      strerror(errno));
+				sleep(1);
 			}
+			continue;
 		}
-
-		/* See if the children are still there */
-		if (pid_rev_list || pid_pack_objects) {
-			pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG);
-			if (!pid)
-				continue;
-			who = ((pid == pid_rev_list) ? "git-rev-list" :
-			       (pid == pid_pack_objects) ? "git-pack-objects" :
-			       NULL);
-			if (!who) {
-				if (pid < 0) {
-					error("git-upload-pack: %s",
-					      strerror(errno));
-					goto fail;
-				}
-				error("git-upload-pack: we weren't "
-				      "waiting for %d", pid);
-				continue;
+		if (0 <= pu && (pfd[pu].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
+			/* Data ready; we keep the last byte to ourselves
+			 * in case we detect broken rev-list, so that we
+			 * can leave the stream corrupted.  This is
+			 * unfortunate -- unpack-objects would happily
+			 * accept a valid packdata with trailing garbage,
+			 * so appending garbage after we pass all the
+			 * pack data is not good enough to signal
+			 * breakage to downstream.
+			 */
+			char *cp = data;
+			ssize_t outsz = 0;
+			if (0 <= buffered) {
+				*cp++ = buffered;
+				outsz++;
 			}
-			if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) > 0) {
-				error("git-upload-pack: %s died with error.",
-				      who);
+			sz = xread(pack_objects.out, cp,
+				  sizeof(data) - outsz);
+			if (0 < sz)
+					;
+			else if (sz == 0) {
+				close(pack_objects.out);
+				pack_objects.out = -1;
+			}
+			else
 				goto fail;
+			sz += outsz;
+			if (1 < sz) {
+				buffered = data[sz-1] & 0xFF;
+				sz--;
 			}
-			if (pid == pid_rev_list)
-				pid_rev_list = 0;
-			if (pid == pid_pack_objects)
-				pid_pack_objects = 0;
-			if (pid_rev_list || pid_pack_objects)
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		/* both died happily */
-		if (pollsize)
-			continue;
-
-		/* flush the data */
-		if (0 <= buffered) {
-			data[0] = buffered;
-			sz = send_client_data(1, data, 1);
+			else
+				buffered = -1;
+			sz = send_client_data(1, data, sz);
 			if (sz < 0)
 				goto fail;
-			fprintf(stderr, "flushed.\n");
 		}
-		if (use_sideband)
-			packet_flush(1);
-		return;
+		if (0 <= pe && (pfd[pe].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
+			/* Status ready; we ship that in the side-band
+			 * or dump to the standard error.
+			 */
+			sz = xread(pack_objects.err, progress,
+				  sizeof(progress));
+			if (0 < sz)
+				send_client_data(2, progress, sz);
+			else if (sz == 0) {
+				close(pack_objects.err);
+				pack_objects.err = -1;
+			}
+			else
+				goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (finish_command(&pack_objects)) {
+		error("git upload-pack: git-pack-objects died with error.");
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	if (finish_async(&rev_list))
+		goto fail;	/* error was already reported */
+
+	/* flush the data */
+	if (0 <= buffered) {
+		data[0] = buffered;
+		sz = send_client_data(1, data, 1);
+		if (sz < 0)
+			goto fail;
+		fprintf(stderr, "flushed.\n");
 	}
+	if (use_sideband)
+		packet_flush(1);
+	return;
+
  fail:
-	if (pid_pack_objects)
-		kill(pid_pack_objects, SIGKILL);
-	if (pid_rev_list)
-		kill(pid_rev_list, SIGKILL);
 	send_client_data(3, abort_msg, sizeof(abort_msg));
-	die("git-upload-pack: %s", abort_msg);
+	die("git upload-pack: %s", abort_msg);
 }
 
 static int got_sha1(char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -354,7 +302,7 @@ static int got_sha1(char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 	int we_knew_they_have = 0;
 
 	if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
-		die("git-upload-pack: expected SHA1 object, got '%s'", hex);
+		die("git upload-pack: expected SHA1 object, got '%s'", hex);
 	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1))
 		return -1;
 
@@ -451,13 +399,11 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 	static char line[1000];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char hex[41], last_hex[41];
-	int len;
 
-	track_object_refs = 0;
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
 	for(;;) {
-		len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+		int len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
 		reset_timeout();
 
 		if (!len) {
@@ -465,7 +411,7 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 				packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
 			continue;
 		}
-		len = strip(line, len);
+		strip(line, len);
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "have ")) {
 			switch (got_sha1(line+5, sha1)) {
 			case -1: /* they have what we do not */
@@ -495,7 +441,7 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 			packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
-		die("git-upload-pack: expected SHA1 list, got '%s'", line);
+		die("git upload-pack: expected SHA1 list, got '%s'", line);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -505,6 +451,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 	static char line[1000];
 	int len, depth = 0;
 
+	if (debug_fd)
+		write_in_full(debug_fd, "#S\n", 3);
 	for (;;) {
 		struct object *o;
 		unsigned char sha1_buf[20];
@@ -512,6 +460,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		reset_timeout();
 		if (!len)
 			break;
+		if (debug_fd)
+			write_in_full(debug_fd, line, len);
 
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -536,7 +486,7 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		}
 		if (prefixcmp(line, "want ") ||
 		    get_sha1_hex(line+5, sha1_buf))
-			die("git-upload-pack: protocol error, "
+			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
 			    "expected to get sha, not '%s'", line);
 		if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack"))
 			multi_ack = 1;
@@ -550,6 +500,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 			use_sideband = DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "no-progress"))
 			no_progress = 1;
+		if (strstr(line+45, "include-tag"))
+			use_include_tag = 1;
 
 		/* We have sent all our refs already, and the other end
 		 * should have chosen out of them; otherwise they are
@@ -561,12 +513,18 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		 */
 		o = lookup_object(sha1_buf);
 		if (!o || !(o->flags & OUR_REF))
-			die("git-upload-pack: not our ref %s", line+5);
+			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s", line+5);
 		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
 			o->flags |= WANTED;
 			add_object_array(o, NULL, &want_obj);
 		}
 	}
+	if (debug_fd)
+		write_in_full(debug_fd, "#E\n", 3);
+
+	if (!use_sideband && daemon_mode)
+		no_progress = 1;
+
 	if (depth == 0 && shallows.nr == 0)
 		return;
 	if (depth > 0) {
@@ -594,7 +552,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 				/* make sure the real parents are parsed */
 				unregister_shallow(object->sha1);
 				object->parsed = 0;
-				parse_commit((struct commit *)object);
+				if (parse_commit((struct commit *)object))
+					die("invalid commit");
 				parents = ((struct commit *)object)->parents;
 				while (parents) {
 					add_object_array(&parents->item->object,
@@ -618,11 +577,12 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band"
-		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress";
+		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress"
+		" include-tag";
 	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
 
 	if (!o)
-		die("git-upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	if (capabilities)
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname,
@@ -636,7 +596,8 @@ static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
 	}
 	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		o = deref_tag(o, refname, 0);
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), refname);
+		if (o)
+			packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), refname);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -660,6 +621,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int i;
 	int strict = 0;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
@@ -671,6 +634,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--timeout=")) {
 			timeout = atoi(arg+10);
+			daemon_mode = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
@@ -678,15 +642,20 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	
+
 	if (i != argc-1)
 		usage(upload_pack_usage);
+
+	setup_path();
+
 	dir = argv[i];
 
 	if (!enter_repo(dir, strict))
-		die("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		die("attempt to fetch/clone from a shallow repository");
+	if (getenv("GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK"))
+		debug_fd = atoi(getenv("GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK"));
 	upload_pack();
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index f5e652cc76..b6aea45280 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 
 static void report(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	fputs(prefix, stderr);
-	vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
-	fputs("\n", stderr);
+	char msg[1024];
+	vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n", prefix, msg);
 }
 
 static NORETURN void usage_builtin(const char *err)
@@ -41,27 +41,11 @@ static void (*die_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN = die_built
 static void (*error_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = error_builtin;
 static void (*warn_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = warn_builtin;
 
-void set_usage_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err) NORETURN)
-{
-	usage_routine = routine;
-}
-
 void set_die_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN)
 {
 	die_routine = routine;
 }
 
-void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params))
-{
-	error_routine = routine;
-}
-
-void set_warn_routine(void (*routine)(const char *warn, va_list params))
-{
-	warn_routine = routine;
-}
-
-
 void usage(const char *err)
 {
 	usage_routine(err);
@@ -76,6 +60,34 @@ void die(const char *err, ...)
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+void die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+	char fmt_with_err[1024];
+	char str_error[256], *err;
+	int i, j;
+
+	err = strerror(errno);
+	for (i = j = 0; err[i] && j < sizeof(str_error) - 1; ) {
+		if ((str_error[j++] = err[i++]) != '%')
+			continue;
+		if (j < sizeof(str_error) - 1) {
+			str_error[j++] = '%';
+		} else {
+			/* No room to double the '%', so we overwrite it with
+			 * '\0' below */
+			j--;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	str_error[j] = 0;
+	snprintf(fmt_with_err, sizeof(fmt_with_err), "%s: %s", fmt, str_error);
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	die_routine(fmt_with_err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+}
+
 int error(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57529ae63d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#include "userdiff.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+
+static struct userdiff_driver *drivers;
+static int ndrivers;
+static int drivers_alloc;
+
+#define PATTERNS(name, pattern, word_regex)			\
+	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED }, word_regex }
+static struct userdiff_driver builtin_drivers[] = {
+PATTERNS("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6][ \t].*>.*)$",
+	 "[^<>= \t]+|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("java",
+	 "!^[ \t]*(catch|do|for|if|instanceof|new|return|switch|throw|while)\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*(([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]+)+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]="
+	 "|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>>?=?|&&|\\|\\|"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("objc",
+	 /* Negate C statements that can look like functions */
+	 "!^[ \t]*(do|for|if|else|return|switch|while)\n"
+	 /* Objective-C methods */
+	 "^[ \t]*([-+][ \t]*\\([ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9* \t]*\\)[ \t]*[A-Za-z_].*)$\n"
+	 /* C functions */
+	 "^[ \t]*(([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]+)+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
+	 /* Objective-C class/protocol definitions */
+	 "^(@(implementation|interface|protocol)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("pascal",
+	 "^((procedure|function|constructor|destructor|interface|"
+		"implementation|initialization|finalization)[ \t]*.*)$"
+	 "\n"
+	 "^(.*=[ \t]*(class|record).*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
+	 "|<>|<=|>=|:=|\\.\\."
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("php", "^[\t ]*((function|class).*)",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!.]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|===|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("python", "^[ \t]*((class|def)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[jJlL]?|0[xX]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|//=?|<<=?|>>=?|\\*\\*=?"
+	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 /* -- */
+PATTERNS("ruby", "^[ \t]*((class|module|def)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "(@|@@|\\$)?[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+|\\?(\\\\C-)?(\\\\M-)?."
+	 "|//=?|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|<<=?|>>=?|===|\\.{1,3}|::|[!=]~"
+	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("bibtex", "(@[a-zA-Z]{1,}[ \t]*\\{{0,1}[ \t]*[^ \t\"@',\\#}{~%]*).*$",
+	 "[={}\"]|[^={}\" \t]+"),
+PATTERNS("tex", "^(\\\\((sub)*section|chapter|part)\\*{0,1}\\{.*)$",
+	 "\\\\[a-zA-Z@]+|\\\\.|[a-zA-Z0-9\x80-\xff]+|[^[:space:]]"),
+PATTERNS("cpp",
+	 /* Jump targets or access declarations */
+	 "!^[ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*:.*$\n"
+	 /* C/++ functions/methods at top level */
+	 "^([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]*::[ \t]*[^[:space:]]+)?){1,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
+	 /* compound type at top level */
+	 "^((struct|class|enum)[^;]*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+{ "default", NULL, -1, { NULL, 0 } },
+};
+#undef PATTERNS
+
+static struct userdiff_driver driver_true = {
+	"diff=true",
+	NULL,
+	0,
+	{ NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct userdiff_driver driver_false = {
+	"!diff",
+	NULL,
+	1,
+	{ NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_namelen(const char *k, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ndrivers; i++) {
+		struct userdiff_driver *drv = drivers + i;
+		if (!strncmp(drv->name, k, len) && !drv->name[len])
+			return drv;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(builtin_drivers); i++) {
+		struct userdiff_driver *drv = builtin_drivers + i;
+		if (!strncmp(drv->name, k, len) && !drv->name[len])
+			return drv;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct userdiff_driver *parse_driver(const char *var,
+		const char *value, const char *type)
+{
+	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
+	const char *dot;
+	const char *name;
+	int namelen;
+
+	if (prefixcmp(var, "diff."))
+		return NULL;
+	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	if (dot == var + 4)
+		return NULL;
+	if (strcmp(type, dot+1))
+		return NULL;
+
+	name = var + 5;
+	namelen = dot - name;
+	drv = userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, namelen);
+	if (!drv) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(drivers, ndrivers+1, drivers_alloc);
+		drv = &drivers[ndrivers++];
+		memset(drv, 0, sizeof(*drv));
+		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		drv->binary = -1;
+	}
+	return drv;
+}
+
+static int parse_funcname(struct userdiff_funcname *f, const char *k,
+		const char *v, int cflags)
+{
+	if (git_config_string(&f->pattern, k, v) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	f->cflags = cflags;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int parse_string(const char **d, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+	if (git_config_string(d, k, v) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int parse_tristate(int *b, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+	if (v && !strcasecmp(v, "auto"))
+		*b = -1;
+	else
+		*b = git_config_bool(k, v);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
+
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "funcname")))
+		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, 0);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "xfuncname")))
+		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, REG_EXTENDED);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "binary")))
+		return parse_tristate(&drv->binary, k, v);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "command")))
+		return parse_string(&drv->external, k, v);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "textconv")))
+		return parse_string(&drv->textconv, k, v);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "wordregex")))
+		return parse_string(&drv->word_regex, k, v);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_name(const char *name) {
+	int len = strlen(name);
+	return userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, len);
+}
+
+struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_path(const char *path)
+{
+	static struct git_attr *attr;
+	struct git_attr_check check;
+
+	if (!attr)
+		attr = git_attr("diff", 4);
+	check.attr = attr;
+
+	if (!path)
+		return NULL;
+	if (git_checkattr(path, 1, &check))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(check.value))
+		return &driver_true;
+	if (ATTR_FALSE(check.value))
+		return &driver_false;
+	if (ATTR_UNSET(check.value))
+		return NULL;
+	return userdiff_find_by_name(check.value);
+}
diff --git a/userdiff.h b/userdiff.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3151594f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/userdiff.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef USERDIFF_H
+#define USERDIFF_H
+
+struct userdiff_funcname {
+	const char *pattern;
+	int cflags;
+};
+
+struct userdiff_driver {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *external;
+	int binary;
+	struct userdiff_funcname funcname;
+	const char *word_regex;
+	const char *textconv;
+};
+
+int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v);
+struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_name(const char *name);
+struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_path(const char *path);
+
+#endif /* USERDIFF */
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index a2965c9c11..db706ac4ed 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -3,15 +3,14 @@
 
 /* This code is originally from http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/ */
 
-typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
-
 struct interval {
   int first;
   int last;
 };
 
 /* auxiliary function for binary search in interval table */
-static int bisearch(ucs_char_t ucs, const struct interval *table, int max) {
+static int bisearch(ucs_char_t ucs, const struct interval *table, int max)
+{
 	int min = 0;
 	int mid;
 
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ static int bisearch(ucs_char_t ucs, const struct interval *table, int max) {
  * in ISO 10646.
  */
 
-static int wcwidth(ucs_char_t ch)
+static int git_wcwidth(ucs_char_t ch)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Sorted list of non-overlapping intervals of non-spacing characters,
@@ -152,62 +151,118 @@ static int wcwidth(ucs_char_t ch)
 }
 
 /*
- * This function returns the number of columns occupied by the character
- * pointed to by the variable start. The pointer is updated to point at
- * the next character. If it was not valid UTF-8, the pointer is set to NULL.
+ * Pick one ucs character starting from the location *start points at,
+ * and return it, while updating the *start pointer to point at the
+ * end of that character.  When remainder_p is not NULL, the location
+ * holds the number of bytes remaining in the string that we are allowed
+ * to pick from.  Otherwise we are allowed to pick up to the NUL that
+ * would eventually appear in the string.  *remainder_p is also reduced
+ * by the number of bytes we have consumed.
+ *
+ * If the string was not a valid UTF-8, *start pointer is set to NULL
+ * and the return value is undefined.
  */
-int utf8_width(const char **start)
+ucs_char_t pick_one_utf8_char(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p)
 {
 	unsigned char *s = (unsigned char *)*start;
 	ucs_char_t ch;
+	size_t remainder, incr;
+
+	/*
+	 * A caller that assumes NUL terminated text can choose
+	 * not to bother with the remainder length.  We will
+	 * stop at the first NUL.
+	 */
+	remainder = (remainder_p ? *remainder_p : 999);
 
-	if (*s < 0x80) {
+	if (remainder < 1) {
+		goto invalid;
+	} else if (*s < 0x80) {
 		/* 0xxxxxxx */
 		ch = *s;
-		*start += 1;
+		incr = 1;
 	} else if ((s[0] & 0xe0) == 0xc0) {
 		/* 110XXXXx 10xxxxxx */
-		if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				/* overlong? */
-				(s[0] & 0xfe) == 0xc0)
+		if (remainder < 2 ||
+		    (s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    (s[0] & 0xfe) == 0xc0)
 			goto invalid;
 		ch = ((s[0] & 0x1f) << 6) | (s[1] & 0x3f);
-		*start += 2;
+		incr = 2;
 	} else if ((s[0] & 0xf0) == 0xe0) {
 		/* 1110XXXX 10Xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
-		if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				(s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				/* overlong? */
-				(s[0] == 0xe0 && (s[1] & 0xe0) == 0x80) ||
-				/* surrogate? */
-				(s[0] == 0xed && (s[1] & 0xe0) == 0xa0) ||
-				/* U+FFFE or U+FFFF? */
-				(s[0] == 0xef && s[1] == 0xbf &&
-				 (s[2] & 0xfe) == 0xbe))
+		if (remainder < 3 ||
+		    (s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    (s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    /* overlong? */
+		    (s[0] == 0xe0 && (s[1] & 0xe0) == 0x80) ||
+		    /* surrogate? */
+		    (s[0] == 0xed && (s[1] & 0xe0) == 0xa0) ||
+		    /* U+FFFE or U+FFFF? */
+		    (s[0] == 0xef && s[1] == 0xbf &&
+		     (s[2] & 0xfe) == 0xbe))
 			goto invalid;
 		ch = ((s[0] & 0x0f) << 12) |
 			((s[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[2] & 0x3f);
-		*start += 3;
+		incr = 3;
 	} else if ((s[0] & 0xf8) == 0xf0) {
 		/* 11110XXX 10XXxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
-		if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				(s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				(s[3] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
-				/* overlong? */
-				(s[0] == 0xf0 && (s[1] & 0xf0) == 0x80) ||
-				/* > U+10FFFF? */
-				(s[0] == 0xf4 && s[1] > 0x8f) || s[0] > 0xf4)
+		if (remainder < 4 ||
+		    (s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    (s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    (s[3] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+		    /* overlong? */
+		    (s[0] == 0xf0 && (s[1] & 0xf0) == 0x80) ||
+		    /* > U+10FFFF? */
+		    (s[0] == 0xf4 && s[1] > 0x8f) || s[0] > 0xf4)
 			goto invalid;
 		ch = ((s[0] & 0x07) << 18) | ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 12) |
 			((s[2] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[3] & 0x3f);
-		*start += 4;
+		incr = 4;
 	} else {
 invalid:
 		*start = NULL;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return wcwidth(ch);
+	*start += incr;
+	if (remainder_p)
+		*remainder_p = remainder - incr;
+	return ch;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function returns the number of columns occupied by the character
+ * pointed to by the variable start. The pointer is updated to point at
+ * the next character. When remainder_p is not NULL, it points at the
+ * location that stores the number of remaining bytes we can use to pick
+ * a character (see pick_one_utf8_char() above).
+ */
+int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p)
+{
+	ucs_char_t ch = pick_one_utf8_char(start, remainder_p);
+	if (!*start)
+		return 0;
+	return git_wcwidth(ch);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the total number of columns required by a null-terminated
+ * string, assuming that the string is utf8.  Returns strlen() instead
+ * if the string does not look like a valid utf8 string.
+ */
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string)
+{
+	int width = 0;
+	const char *orig = string;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (!string)
+			return strlen(orig);
+		if (!*string)
+			return width;
+		width += utf8_width(&string, NULL);
+	}
 }
 
 int is_utf8(const char *text)
@@ -217,7 +272,7 @@ int is_utf8(const char *text)
 			text++;
 			continue;
 		}
-		utf8_width(&text);
+		utf8_width(&text, NULL);
 		if (!text)
 			return 0;
 	}
@@ -277,13 +332,12 @@ int print_wrapped_text(const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (assume_utf8)
-			w += utf8_width(&text);
+			w += utf8_width(&text, NULL);
 		else {
 			w++;
 			text++;
 		}
 	}
-	return w;
 }
 
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
@@ -300,7 +354,7 @@ int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
  * with iconv.  If the conversion fails, returns NULL.
  */
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
-#ifdef OLD_ICONV
+#if defined(OLD_ICONV) || (defined(__sun__) && !defined(_XPG6))
 	typedef const char * iconv_ibp;
 #else
 	typedef char * iconv_ibp;
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index 15db6f1f27..2f1b14ff49 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef GIT_UTF8_H
 #define GIT_UTF8_H
 
-int utf8_width(const char **start);
+typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
+
+ucs_char_t pick_one_utf8_char(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
+int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string);
 int is_utf8(const char *text);
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name);
 
diff --git a/var.c b/var.c
index e585e59d31..7362ed8735 100644
--- a/var.c
+++ b/var.c
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
  * Copyright (C) Eric Biederman, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static const char var_usage[] = "git-var [-l | <variable>]";
+static const char var_usage[] = "git var [-l | <variable>]";
 
 struct git_var {
 	const char *name;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ static void list_vars(void)
 {
 	struct git_var *ptr;
 	for(ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
-		printf("%s=%s\n", ptr->name, ptr->read(0));
+		printf("%s=%s\n", ptr->name, ptr->read(IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -32,43 +33,46 @@ static const char *read_var(const char *var)
 	val = NULL;
 	for(ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
 		if (strcmp(var, ptr->name) == 0) {
-			val = ptr->read(1);
+			val = ptr->read(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	return val;
 }
 
-static int show_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int show_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (value)
 		printf("%s=%s\n", var, value);
 	else
 		printf("%s\n", var);
-	return git_default_config(var, value);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	const char *val;
+	int nongit;
 	if (argc != 2) {
 		usage(var_usage);
 	}
 
-	setup_git_directory();
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	val = NULL;
 
 	if (strcmp(argv[1], "-l") == 0) {
-		git_config(show_config);
+		git_config(show_config, NULL);
 		list_vars();
 		return 0;
 	}
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	val = read_var(argv[1]);
 	if (!val)
 		usage(var_usage);
-	
+
 	printf("%s\n", val);
-	
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/fetch.c b/walker.c
index 8e29d313f8..11d9052ed8 100644
--- a/fetch.c
+++ b/walker.c
@@ -1,30 +1,24 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "fetch.h"
+#include "walker.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "refs.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 
-int get_tree = 0;
-int get_history = 0;
-int get_all = 0;
-int get_verbosely = 0;
-int get_recover = 0;
 static unsigned char current_commit_sha1[20];
 
-void pull_say(const char *fmt, const char *hex) 
+void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *fmt, const char *hex)
 {
-	if (get_verbosely)
+	if (walker->get_verbosely)
 		fprintf(stderr, fmt, hex);
 }
 
 static void report_missing(const struct object *obj)
 {
 	char missing_hex[41];
-	strcpy(missing_hex, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));;
+	strcpy(missing_hex, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	fprintf(stderr, "Cannot obtain needed %s %s\n",
 		obj->type ? typename(obj->type): "object", missing_hex);
 	if (!is_null_sha1(current_commit_sha1))
@@ -32,9 +26,9 @@ static void report_missing(const struct object *obj)
 			sha1_to_hex(current_commit_sha1));
 }
 
-static int process(struct object *obj);
+static int process(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj);
 
-static int process_tree(struct tree *tree)
+static int process_tree(struct walker *walker, struct tree *tree)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
@@ -46,6 +40,9 @@ static int process_tree(struct tree *tree)
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
 		struct object *obj = NULL;
 
+		/* submodule commits are not stored in the superproject */
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
+			continue;
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
 			if (tree)
@@ -56,12 +53,13 @@ static int process_tree(struct tree *tree)
 			if (blob)
 				obj = &blob->object;
 		}
-		if (!obj || process(obj))
+		if (!obj || process(walker, obj))
 			return -1;
 	}
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
 	tree->size = 0;
+	tree->object.parsed = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ static int process_tree(struct tree *tree)
 
 static struct commit_list *complete = NULL;
 
-static int process_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static int process_commit(struct walker *walker, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return -1;
@@ -85,43 +83,43 @@ static int process_commit(struct commit *commit)
 
 	hashcpy(current_commit_sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
-	pull_say("walk %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	walker_say(walker, "walk %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
-	if (get_tree) {
-		if (process(&commit->tree->object))
+	if (walker->get_tree) {
+		if (process(walker, &commit->tree->object))
 			return -1;
-		if (!get_all)
-			get_tree = 0;
+		if (!walker->get_all)
+			walker->get_tree = 0;
 	}
-	if (get_history) {
+	if (walker->get_history) {
 		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
 		for (; parents; parents = parents->next) {
-			if (process(&parents->item->object))
+			if (process(walker, &parents->item->object))
 				return -1;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int process_tag(struct tag *tag)
+static int process_tag(struct walker *walker, struct tag *tag)
 {
 	if (parse_tag(tag))
 		return -1;
-	return process(tag->tagged);
+	return process(walker, tag->tagged);
 }
 
 static struct object_list *process_queue = NULL;
 static struct object_list **process_queue_end = &process_queue;
 
-static int process_object(struct object *obj)
+static int process_object(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj)
 {
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-		if (process_commit((struct commit *)obj))
+		if (process_commit(walker, (struct commit *)obj))
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-		if (process_tree((struct tree *)obj))
+		if (process_tree(walker, (struct tree *)obj))
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -129,7 +127,7 @@ static int process_object(struct object *obj)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		if (process_tag((struct tag *)obj))
+		if (process_tag(walker, (struct tag *)obj))
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -138,7 +136,7 @@ static int process_object(struct object *obj)
 		     typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 }
 
-static int process(struct object *obj)
+static int process(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj)
 {
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
@@ -151,15 +149,15 @@ static int process(struct object *obj)
 	else {
 		if (obj->flags & COMPLETE)
 			return 0;
-		prefetch(obj->sha1);
+		walker->prefetch(walker, obj->sha1);
 	}
-		
+
 	object_list_insert(obj, process_queue_end);
 	process_queue_end = &(*process_queue_end)->next;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int loop(void)
+static int loop(struct walker *walker)
 {
 	struct object_list *elem;
 
@@ -175,27 +173,31 @@ static int loop(void)
 		 * the queue because we needed to fetch it first.
 		 */
 		if (! (obj->flags & TO_SCAN)) {
-			if (fetch(obj->sha1)) {
+			if (walker->fetch(walker, obj->sha1)) {
 				report_missing(obj);
 				return -1;
 			}
 		}
 		if (!obj->type)
 			parse_object(obj->sha1);
-		if (process_object(obj))
+		if (process_object(walker, obj))
 			return -1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int interpret_target(char *target, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int interpret_target(struct walker *walker, char *target, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	if (!get_sha1_hex(target, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	if (!check_ref_format(target)) {
-		if (!fetch_ref(target, sha1)) {
+		struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(target);
+		if (!walker->fetch_ref(walker, ref)) {
+			hashcpy(sha1, ref->old_sha1);
+			free(ref);
 			return 0;
 		}
+		free(ref);
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -210,18 +212,16 @@ static int mark_complete(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int pull_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref)
+int walker_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref)
 {
 	int targets = 0, targets_alloc = 0;
-	struct strbuf buf;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	*target = NULL; *write_ref = NULL;
-	strbuf_init(&buf);
 	while (1) {
 		char *rf_one = NULL;
 		char *tg_one;
 
-		read_line(&buf, stdin, '\n');
-		if (buf.eof)
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
 			break;
 		tg_one = buf.buf;
 		rf_one = strchr(tg_one, '\t');
@@ -237,20 +237,21 @@ int pull_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref)
 		(*write_ref)[targets] = rf_one ? xstrdup(rf_one) : NULL;
 		targets++;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return targets;
 }
 
-void pull_targets_free(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref)
+void walker_targets_free(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref)
 {
 	while (targets--) {
 		free(target[targets]);
-		if (write_ref && write_ref[targets])
+		if (write_ref)
 			free((char *) write_ref[targets]);
 	}
 }
 
-int pull(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref,
-         const char *write_ref_log_details)
+int walker_fetch(struct walker *walker, int targets, char **target,
+		 const char **write_ref, const char *write_ref_log_details)
 {
 	struct ref_lock **lock = xcalloc(targets, sizeof(struct ref_lock *));
 	unsigned char *sha1 = xmalloc(targets * 20);
@@ -259,7 +260,6 @@ int pull(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref,
 	int i;
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-	track_object_refs = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < targets; i++) {
 		if (!write_ref || !write_ref[i])
@@ -272,19 +272,19 @@ int pull(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!get_recover)
+	if (!walker->get_recover)
 		for_each_ref(mark_complete, NULL);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < targets; i++) {
-		if (interpret_target(target[i], &sha1[20 * i])) {
-			error("Could not interpret %s as something to pull", target[i]);
+		if (interpret_target(walker, target[i], &sha1[20 * i])) {
+			error("Could not interpret response from server '%s' as something to pull", target[i]);
 			goto unlock_and_fail;
 		}
-		if (process(lookup_unknown_object(&sha1[20 * i])))
+		if (process(walker, lookup_unknown_object(&sha1[20 * i])))
 			goto unlock_and_fail;
 	}
 
-	if (loop())
+	if (loop(walker))
 		goto unlock_and_fail;
 
 	if (write_ref_log_details) {
@@ -305,10 +305,16 @@ int pull(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref,
 
 	return 0;
 
-
 unlock_and_fail:
 	for (i = 0; i < targets; i++)
 		if (lock[i])
 			unlock_ref(lock[i]);
+
 	return -1;
 }
+
+void walker_free(struct walker *walker)
+{
+	walker->cleanup(walker);
+	free(walker);
+}
diff --git a/walker.h b/walker.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a149e1108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/walker.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef WALKER_H
+#define WALKER_H
+
+#include "remote.h"
+
+struct walker {
+	void *data;
+	int (*fetch_ref)(struct walker *, struct ref *ref);
+	void (*prefetch)(struct walker *, unsigned char *sha1);
+	int (*fetch)(struct walker *, unsigned char *sha1);
+	void (*cleanup)(struct walker *);
+	int get_tree;
+	int get_history;
+	int get_all;
+	int get_verbosely;
+	int get_recover;
+
+	int corrupt_object_found;
+};
+
+/* Report what we got under get_verbosely */
+void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *, const char *);
+
+/* Load pull targets from stdin */
+int walker_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref);
+
+/* Free up loaded targets */
+void walker_targets_free(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref);
+
+/* If write_ref is set, the ref filename to write the target value to. */
+/* If write_ref_log_details is set, additional text will appear in the ref log. */
+int walker_fetch(struct walker *impl, int targets, char **target,
+		 const char **write_ref, const char *write_ref_log_details);
+
+void walker_free(struct walker *walker);
+
+struct walker *get_http_walker(const char *url, struct remote *remote);
+
+#endif /* WALKER_H */
diff --git a/wrapper.c b/wrapper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9be1400c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wrapper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/*
+ * Various trivial helper wrappers around standard functions
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+
+char *xstrdup(const char *str)
+{
+	char *ret = strdup(str);
+	if (!ret) {
+		release_pack_memory(strlen(str) + 1, -1);
+		ret = strdup(str);
+		if (!ret)
+			die("Out of memory, strdup failed");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void *xmalloc(size_t size)
+{
+	void *ret = malloc(size);
+	if (!ret && !size)
+		ret = malloc(1);
+	if (!ret) {
+		release_pack_memory(size, -1);
+		ret = malloc(size);
+		if (!ret && !size)
+			ret = malloc(1);
+		if (!ret)
+			die("Out of memory, malloc failed");
+	}
+#ifdef XMALLOC_POISON
+	memset(ret, 0xA5, size);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * xmemdupz() allocates (len + 1) bytes of memory, duplicates "len" bytes of
+ * "data" to the allocated memory, zero terminates the allocated memory,
+ * and returns a pointer to the allocated memory. If the allocation fails,
+ * the program dies.
+ */
+void *xmemdupz(const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	char *p = xmalloc(len + 1);
+	memcpy(p, data, len);
+	p[len] = '\0';
+	return p;
+}
+
+char *xstrndup(const char *str, size_t len)
+{
+	char *p = memchr(str, '\0', len);
+	return xmemdupz(str, p ? p - str : len);
+}
+
+void *xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+	void *ret = realloc(ptr, size);
+	if (!ret && !size)
+		ret = realloc(ptr, 1);
+	if (!ret) {
+		release_pack_memory(size, -1);
+		ret = realloc(ptr, size);
+		if (!ret && !size)
+			ret = realloc(ptr, 1);
+		if (!ret)
+			die("Out of memory, realloc failed");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
+{
+	void *ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
+	if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
+		ret = calloc(1, 1);
+	if (!ret) {
+		release_pack_memory(nmemb * size, -1);
+		ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
+		if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
+			ret = calloc(1, 1);
+		if (!ret)
+			die("Out of memory, calloc failed");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
+	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	void *ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
+		if (!length)
+			return NULL;
+		release_pack_memory(length, fd);
+		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
+			die_errno("Out of memory? mmap failed");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * xread() is the same a read(), but it automatically restarts read()
+ * operations with a recoverable error (EAGAIN and EINTR). xread()
+ * DOES NOT GUARANTEE that "len" bytes is read even if the data is available.
+ */
+ssize_t xread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	ssize_t nr;
+	while (1) {
+		nr = read(fd, buf, len);
+		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
+			continue;
+		return nr;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * xwrite() is the same a write(), but it automatically restarts write()
+ * operations with a recoverable error (EAGAIN and EINTR). xwrite() DOES NOT
+ * GUARANTEE that "len" bytes is written even if the operation is successful.
+ */
+ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	ssize_t nr;
+	while (1) {
+		nr = write(fd, buf, len);
+		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
+			continue;
+		return nr;
+	}
+}
+
+ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	char *p = buf;
+	ssize_t total = 0;
+
+	while (count > 0) {
+		ssize_t loaded = xread(fd, p, count);
+		if (loaded <= 0)
+			return total ? total : loaded;
+		count -= loaded;
+		p += loaded;
+		total += loaded;
+	}
+
+	return total;
+}
+
+ssize_t write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	const char *p = buf;
+	ssize_t total = 0;
+
+	while (count > 0) {
+		ssize_t written = xwrite(fd, p, count);
+		if (written < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if (!written) {
+			errno = ENOSPC;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		count -= written;
+		p += written;
+		total += written;
+	}
+
+	return total;
+}
+
+int xdup(int fd)
+{
+	int ret = dup(fd);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		die_errno("dup failed");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode)
+{
+	FILE *stream = fdopen(fd, mode);
+	if (stream == NULL)
+		die_errno("Out of memory? fdopen failed");
+	return stream;
+}
+
+int xmkstemp(char *template)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = mkstemp(template);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file");
+	return fd;
+}
+
+/*
+ * zlib wrappers to make sure we don't silently miss errors
+ * at init time.
+ */
+void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (inflateInit(strm)) {
+	case Z_OK:
+		return;
+
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		err = "out of memory";
+		break;
+	case Z_VERSION_ERROR:
+		err = "wrong version";
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = "error";
+	}
+	die("inflateInit: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+}
+
+void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	if (inflateEnd(strm) != Z_OK)
+		error("inflateEnd: %s", strm->msg ? strm->msg : "failed");
+}
+
+int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush)
+{
+	int ret = inflate(strm, flush);
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (ret) {
+	/* Out of memory is fatal. */
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		die("inflate: out of memory");
+
+	/* Data corruption errors: we may want to recover from them (fsck) */
+	case Z_NEED_DICT:
+		err = "needs dictionary"; break;
+	case Z_DATA_ERROR:
+		err = "data stream error"; break;
+	case Z_STREAM_ERROR:
+		err = "stream consistency error"; break;
+	default:
+		err = "unknown error"; break;
+
+	/* Z_BUF_ERROR: normal, needs more space in the output buffer */
+	case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+	case Z_OK:
+	case Z_STREAM_END:
+		return ret;
+	}
+	error("inflate: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	fd = mkstemp(template);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	/* some mkstemp implementations erase template on failure */
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	safe_create_leading_directories(template);
+	return xmkstemp(template);
+}
+
+int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(name, namesz, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
+		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	safe_create_leading_directories(name);
+	return open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+}
+
+int unlink_or_warn(const char *file)
+{
+	int rc = unlink(file);
+
+	if (rc < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
+		if (ENOENT != err) {
+			warning("unable to unlink %s: %s",
+				file, strerror(errno));
+			errno = err;
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
diff --git a/write_or_die.c b/write_or_die.c
index 5c4bc8515a..d45b536021 100644
--- a/write_or_die.c
+++ b/write_or_die.c
@@ -1,41 +1,55 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)
+/*
+ * Some cases use stdio, but want to flush after the write
+ * to get error handling (and to get better interactive
+ * behaviour - not buffering excessively).
+ *
+ * Of course, if the flush happened within the write itself,
+ * we've already lost the error code, and cannot report it any
+ * more. So we just ignore that case instead (and hope we get
+ * the right error code on the flush).
+ *
+ * If the file handle is stdout, and stdout is a file, then skip the
+ * flush entirely since it's not needed.
+ */
+void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *f, const char *desc)
 {
-	char *p = buf;
-	ssize_t total = 0;
+	static int skip_stdout_flush = -1;
+	struct stat st;
+	char *cp;
 
-	while (count > 0) {
-		ssize_t loaded = xread(fd, p, count);
-		if (loaded <= 0)
-			return total ? total : loaded;
-		count -= loaded;
-		p += loaded;
-		total += loaded;
+	if (f == stdout) {
+		if (skip_stdout_flush < 0) {
+			cp = getenv("GIT_FLUSH");
+			if (cp)
+				skip_stdout_flush = (atoi(cp) == 0);
+			else if ((fstat(fileno(stdout), &st) == 0) &&
+				 S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+				skip_stdout_flush = 1;
+			else
+				skip_stdout_flush = 0;
+		}
+		if (skip_stdout_flush && !ferror(f))
+			return;
+	}
+	if (fflush(f)) {
+		/*
+		 * On Windows, EPIPE is returned only by the first write()
+		 * after the reading end has closed its handle; subsequent
+		 * write()s return EINVAL.
+		 */
+		if (errno == EPIPE || errno == EINVAL)
+			exit(0);
+		die_errno("write failure on '%s'", desc);
 	}
-
-	return total;
 }
 
-int write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
+void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *msg)
 {
-	const char *p = buf;
-	ssize_t total = 0;
-
-	while (count > 0) {
-		ssize_t written = xwrite(fd, p, count);
-		if (written < 0)
-			return -1;
-		if (!written) {
-			errno = ENOSPC;
-			return -1;
-		}
-		count -= written;
-		p += written;
-		total += written;
+	if (fsync(fd) < 0) {
+		die_errno("fsync error on '%s'", msg);
 	}
-
-	return total;
 }
 
 void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
@@ -43,7 +57,7 @@ void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
 		if (errno == EPIPE)
 			exit(0);
-		die("write error (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/ws.c b/ws.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59d0883c1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ws.c
@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+/*
+ * Whitespace rules
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Junio C Hamano
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+
+static struct whitespace_rule {
+	const char *rule_name;
+	unsigned rule_bits;
+	unsigned loosens_error;
+} whitespace_rule_names[] = {
+	{ "trailing-space", WS_TRAILING_SPACE, 0 },
+	{ "space-before-tab", WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB, 0 },
+	{ "indent-with-non-tab", WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB, 0 },
+	{ "cr-at-eol", WS_CR_AT_EOL, 1 },
+};
+
+unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *string)
+{
+	unsigned rule = WS_DEFAULT_RULE;
+
+	while (string) {
+		int i;
+		size_t len;
+		const char *ep;
+		int negated = 0;
+
+		string = string + strspn(string, ", \t\n\r");
+		ep = strchr(string, ',');
+		if (!ep)
+			len = strlen(string);
+		else
+			len = ep - string;
+
+		if (*string == '-') {
+			negated = 1;
+			string++;
+			len--;
+		}
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(whitespace_rule_names); i++) {
+			if (strncmp(whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_name,
+				    string, len))
+				continue;
+			if (negated)
+				rule &= ~whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
+			else
+				rule |= whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
+			break;
+		}
+		string = ep;
+	}
+	return rule;
+}
+
+static void setup_whitespace_attr_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
+{
+	static struct git_attr *attr_whitespace;
+
+	if (!attr_whitespace)
+		attr_whitespace = git_attr("whitespace", 10);
+	check[0].attr = attr_whitespace;
+}
+
+unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *pathname)
+{
+	struct git_attr_check attr_whitespace_rule;
+
+	setup_whitespace_attr_check(&attr_whitespace_rule);
+	if (!git_checkattr(pathname, 1, &attr_whitespace_rule)) {
+		const char *value;
+
+		value = attr_whitespace_rule.value;
+		if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
+			/* true (whitespace) */
+			unsigned all_rule = 0;
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(whitespace_rule_names); i++)
+				if (!whitespace_rule_names[i].loosens_error)
+					all_rule |= whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
+			return all_rule;
+		} else if (ATTR_FALSE(value)) {
+			/* false (-whitespace) */
+			return 0;
+		} else if (ATTR_UNSET(value)) {
+			/* reset to default (!whitespace) */
+			return whitespace_rule_cfg;
+		} else {
+			/* string */
+			return parse_whitespace_rule(value);
+		}
+	} else {
+		return whitespace_rule_cfg;
+	}
+}
+
+/* The returned string should be freed by the caller. */
+char *whitespace_error_string(unsigned ws)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (ws & WS_TRAILING_SPACE)
+		strbuf_addstr(&err, "trailing whitespace");
+	if (ws & WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB) {
+		if (err.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&err, ", ");
+		strbuf_addstr(&err, "space before tab in indent");
+	}
+	if (ws & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) {
+		if (err.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&err, ", ");
+		strbuf_addstr(&err, "indent with spaces");
+	}
+	return strbuf_detach(&err, NULL);
+}
+
+/* If stream is non-NULL, emits the line after checking. */
+static unsigned ws_check_emit_1(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule,
+				FILE *stream, const char *set,
+				const char *reset, const char *ws)
+{
+	unsigned result = 0;
+	int written = 0;
+	int trailing_whitespace = -1;
+	int trailing_newline = 0;
+	int trailing_carriage_return = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Logic is simpler if we temporarily ignore the trailing newline. */
+	if (len > 0 && line[len - 1] == '\n') {
+		trailing_newline = 1;
+		len--;
+	}
+	if ((ws_rule & WS_CR_AT_EOL) &&
+	    len > 0 && line[len - 1] == '\r') {
+		trailing_carriage_return = 1;
+		len--;
+	}
+
+	/* Check for trailing whitespace. */
+	if (ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) {
+		for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+			if (isspace(line[i])) {
+				trailing_whitespace = i;
+				result |= WS_TRAILING_SPACE;
+			}
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Check for space before tab in initial indent. */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (line[i] == ' ')
+			continue;
+		if (line[i] != '\t')
+			break;
+		if ((ws_rule & WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB) && written < i) {
+			result |= WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB;
+			if (stream) {
+				fputs(ws, stream);
+				fwrite(line + written, i - written, 1, stream);
+				fputs(reset, stream);
+			}
+		} else if (stream)
+			fwrite(line + written, i - written, 1, stream);
+		if (stream)
+			fwrite(line + i, 1, 1, stream);
+		written = i + 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Check for indent using non-tab. */
+	if ((ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) && i - written >= 8) {
+		result |= WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB;
+		if (stream) {
+			fputs(ws, stream);
+			fwrite(line + written, i - written, 1, stream);
+			fputs(reset, stream);
+		}
+		written = i;
+	}
+
+	if (stream) {
+		/*
+		 * Now the rest of the line starts at "written".
+		 * The non-highlighted part ends at "trailing_whitespace".
+		 */
+		if (trailing_whitespace == -1)
+			trailing_whitespace = len;
+
+		/* Emit non-highlighted (middle) segment. */
+		if (trailing_whitespace - written > 0) {
+			fputs(set, stream);
+			fwrite(line + written,
+			    trailing_whitespace - written, 1, stream);
+			fputs(reset, stream);
+		}
+
+		/* Highlight errors in trailing whitespace. */
+		if (trailing_whitespace != len) {
+			fputs(ws, stream);
+			fwrite(line + trailing_whitespace,
+			    len - trailing_whitespace, 1, stream);
+			fputs(reset, stream);
+		}
+		if (trailing_carriage_return)
+			fputc('\r', stream);
+		if (trailing_newline)
+			fputc('\n', stream);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+void ws_check_emit(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule,
+		   FILE *stream, const char *set,
+		   const char *reset, const char *ws)
+{
+	(void)ws_check_emit_1(line, len, ws_rule, stream, set, reset, ws);
+}
+
+unsigned ws_check(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
+{
+	return ws_check_emit_1(line, len, ws_rule, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+int ws_blank_line(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We _might_ want to treat CR differently from other
+	 * whitespace characters when ws_rule has WS_CR_AT_EOL, but
+	 * for now we just use this stupid definition.
+	 */
+	while (len-- > 0) {
+		if (!isspace(*line))
+			return 0;
+		line++;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* Copy the line to the buffer while fixing whitespaces */
+int ws_fix_copy(char *dst, const char *src, int len, unsigned ws_rule, int *error_count)
+{
+	/*
+	 * len is number of bytes to be copied from src, starting
+	 * at src.  Typically src[len-1] is '\n', unless this is
+	 * the incomplete last line.
+	 */
+	int i;
+	int add_nl_to_tail = 0;
+	int add_cr_to_tail = 0;
+	int fixed = 0;
+	int last_tab_in_indent = -1;
+	int last_space_in_indent = -1;
+	int need_fix_leading_space = 0;
+	char *buf;
+
+	/*
+	 * Strip trailing whitespace
+	 */
+	if (ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) {
+		if (0 < len && src[len - 1] == '\n') {
+			add_nl_to_tail = 1;
+			len--;
+			if (0 < len && src[len - 1] == '\r') {
+				add_cr_to_tail = !!(ws_rule & WS_CR_AT_EOL);
+				len--;
+			}
+		}
+		if (0 < len && isspace(src[len - 1])) {
+			while (0 < len && isspace(src[len-1]))
+				len--;
+			fixed = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check leading whitespaces (indent)
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		char ch = src[i];
+		if (ch == '\t') {
+			last_tab_in_indent = i;
+			if ((ws_rule & WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB) &&
+			    0 <= last_space_in_indent)
+			    need_fix_leading_space = 1;
+		} else if (ch == ' ') {
+			last_space_in_indent = i;
+			if ((ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) &&
+			    8 <= i - last_tab_in_indent)
+				need_fix_leading_space = 1;
+		} else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	buf = dst;
+	if (need_fix_leading_space) {
+		/* Process indent ourselves */
+		int consecutive_spaces = 0;
+		int last = last_tab_in_indent + 1;
+
+		if (ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) {
+			/* have "last" point at one past the indent */
+			if (last_tab_in_indent < last_space_in_indent)
+				last = last_space_in_indent + 1;
+			else
+				last = last_tab_in_indent + 1;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * between src[0..last-1], strip the funny spaces,
+		 * updating them to tab as needed.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < last; i++) {
+			char ch = src[i];
+			if (ch != ' ') {
+				consecutive_spaces = 0;
+				*dst++ = ch;
+			} else {
+				consecutive_spaces++;
+				if (consecutive_spaces == 8) {
+					*dst++ = '\t';
+					consecutive_spaces = 0;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		while (0 < consecutive_spaces--)
+			*dst++ = ' ';
+		len -= last;
+		src += last;
+		fixed = 1;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	if (add_cr_to_tail)
+		dst[len++] = '\r';
+	if (add_nl_to_tail)
+		dst[len++] = '\n';
+	if (fixed && error_count)
+		(*error_count)++;
+	return dst + len - buf;
+}
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index a0559905a0..47735d8129 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -7,21 +7,22 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 
-int wt_status_use_color = 0;
+int wt_status_relative_paths = 1;
+int wt_status_use_color = -1;
+static int wt_status_submodule_summary;
 static char wt_status_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"",         /* WT_STATUS_HEADER: normal */
-	"\033[32m", /* WT_STATUS_UPDATED: green */
-	"\033[31m", /* WT_STATUS_CHANGED: red */
-	"\033[31m", /* WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED: red */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, /* WT_STATUS_HEADER */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,  /* WT_STATUS_UPDATED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_CHANGED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH */
 };
 
-static const char use_add_msg[] =
-"use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed";
-static const char use_add_rm_msg[] =
-"use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed";
-static const char use_add_to_include_msg[] =
-"use \"git add <file>...\" to include in what will be committed";
+enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 
 static int parse_status_slot(const char *var, int offset)
 {
@@ -34,12 +35,14 @@ static int parse_status_slot(const char *var, int offset)
 		return WT_STATUS_CHANGED;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "untracked"))
 		return WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "nobranch"))
+		return WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH;
 	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
 }
 
-static const char* color(int slot)
+static const char *color(int slot)
 {
-	return wt_status_use_color ? wt_status_colors[slot] : "";
+	return wt_status_use_color > 0 ? wt_status_colors[slot] : "";
 }
 
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -51,101 +54,92 @@ void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
 	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 	s->branch = head ? xstrdup(head) : NULL;
 	s->reference = "HEAD";
+	s->fp = stdout;
+	s->index_file = get_index_file();
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_cached_header(const char *reference)
+static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
-	color_printf_ln(c, "# Changes to be committed:");
-	if (reference) {
-		color_printf_ln(c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", reference);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changes to be committed:");
+	if (!s->is_initial) {
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
 	} else {
-		color_printf_ln(c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
 	}
-	color_printf_ln(c, "#");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_header(const char *main, const char *sub)
+static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
+					 int has_deleted)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
-	color_printf_ln(c, "# %s:", main);
-	color_printf_ln(c, "#   (%s)", sub);
-	color_printf_ln(c, "#");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changed but not updated:");
+	if (!has_deleted)
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
+	else
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_trailer(void)
+static void wt_status_print_untracked_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Untracked files:");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
-static const char *quote_crlf(const char *in, char *buf, size_t sz)
+static void wt_status_print_trailer(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	const char *scan;
-	char *out;
-	const char *ret = in;
-
-	for (scan = in, out = buf; *scan; scan++) {
-		int ch = *scan;
-		int quoted;
-
-		switch (ch) {
-		case '\n':
-			quoted = 'n';
-			break;
-		case '\r':
-			quoted = 'r';
-			break;
-		default:
-			*out++ = ch;
-			continue;
-		}
-		*out++ = '\\';
-		*out++ = quoted;
-		ret = buf;
-	}
-	*out = '\0';
-	return ret;
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_filepair(int t, struct diff_filepair *p)
+#define quote_path quote_path_relative
+
+static void wt_status_print_filepair(struct wt_status *s,
+				     int t, struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	const char *c = color(t);
 	const char *one, *two;
-	char onebuf[PATH_MAX], twobuf[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT, twobuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	one = quote_crlf(p->one->path, onebuf, sizeof(onebuf));
-	two = quote_crlf(p->two->path, twobuf, sizeof(twobuf));
+	one = quote_path(p->one->path, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
+	two = quote_path(p->two->path, -1, &twobuf, s->prefix);
 
-	color_printf(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
 	switch (p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		color_printf(c, "new file:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "new file:   %s", one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		color_printf(c, "copied:     %s -> %s", one, two);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "copied:     %s -> %s", one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		color_printf(c, "deleted:    %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "deleted:    %s", one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		color_printf(c, "modified:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "modified:   %s", one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		color_printf(c, "renamed:    %s -> %s", one, two);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "renamed:    %s -> %s", one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
-		color_printf(c, "typechange: %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "typechange: %s", one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN:
-		color_printf(c, "unknown:    %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unknown:    %s", one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
-		color_printf(c, "unmerged:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unmerged:   %s", one);
 		break;
 	default:
 		die("bug: unhandled diff status %c", p->status);
 	}
-	printf("\n");
+	fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
+	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
+	strbuf_release(&twobuf);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_updated_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
@@ -159,14 +153,14 @@ static void wt_status_print_updated_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		if (q->queue[i]->status == 'U')
 			continue;
 		if (!shown_header) {
-			wt_status_print_cached_header(s->reference);
+			wt_status_print_cached_header(s);
 			s->commitable = 1;
 			shown_header = 1;
 		}
-		wt_status_print_filepair(WT_STATUS_UPDATED, q->queue[i]);
+		wt_status_print_filepair(s, WT_STATUS_UPDATED, q->queue[i]);
 	}
 	if (shown_header)
-		wt_status_print_trailer();
+		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
@@ -176,57 +170,33 @@ static void wt_status_print_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	struct wt_status *s = data;
 	int i;
 	if (q->nr) {
-		const char *msg = use_add_msg;
+		int has_deleted = 0;
 		s->workdir_dirty = 1;
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
 			if (q->queue[i]->status == DIFF_STATUS_DELETED) {
-				msg = use_add_rm_msg;
+				has_deleted = 1;
 				break;
 			}
-		wt_status_print_header("Changed but not updated", msg);
+		wt_status_print_dirty_header(s, has_deleted);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
-		wt_status_print_filepair(WT_STATUS_CHANGED, q->queue[i]);
+		wt_status_print_filepair(s, WT_STATUS_CHANGED, q->queue[i]);
 	if (q->nr)
-		wt_status_print_trailer();
-}
-
-static void wt_read_cache(struct wt_status *s)
-{
-	discard_cache();
-	read_cache();
-}
-
-void wt_status_print_initial(struct wt_status *s)
-{
-	int i;
-	char buf[PATH_MAX];
-
-	wt_read_cache(s);
-	if (active_nr) {
-		s->commitable = 1;
-		wt_status_print_cached_header(NULL);
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		color_printf(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_UPDATED), "new file: %s",
-				quote_crlf(active_cache[i]->name,
-					   buf, sizeof(buf)));
-	}
-	if (active_nr)
-		wt_status_print_trailer();
+		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, s->reference);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev,
+		s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_print_updated_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	wt_read_cache(s);
+	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 200;
+	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
 }
 
@@ -238,72 +208,119 @@ static void wt_status_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_print_changed_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
-	wt_read_cache(s);
 	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
 }
 
+static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct child_process sm_summary;
+	char summary_limit[64];
+	char index[PATH_MAX];
+	const char *env[] = { index, NULL };
+	const char *argv[] = {
+		"submodule",
+		"summary",
+		"--cached",
+		"--for-status",
+		"--summary-limit",
+		summary_limit,
+		s->amend ? "HEAD^" : "HEAD",
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	sprintf(summary_limit, "%d", wt_status_submodule_summary);
+	snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", s->index_file);
+
+	memset(&sm_summary, 0, sizeof(sm_summary));
+	sm_summary.argv = argv;
+	sm_summary.env = env;
+	sm_summary.git_cmd = 1;
+	sm_summary.no_stdin = 1;
+	fflush(s->fp);
+	sm_summary.out = dup(fileno(s->fp));    /* run_command closes it */
+	run_command(&sm_summary);
+}
+
 static void wt_status_print_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct dir_struct dir;
-	const char *x;
 	int i;
 	int shown_header = 0;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 
-	dir.exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
-	if (!s->untracked) {
-		dir.show_other_directories = 1;
-		dir.hide_empty_directories = 1;
-	}
-	x = git_path("info/exclude");
-	if (file_exists(x))
-		add_excludes_from_file(&dir, x);
+	if (!s->untracked)
+		dir.flags |=
+			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
-	read_directory(&dir, ".", "", 0, NULL);
+	fill_directory(&dir, NULL);
 	for(i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-		/* check for matching entry, which is unmerged; lifted from
-		 * builtin-ls-files:show_other_files */
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(ent->name, ent->len);
-		struct cache_entry *ce;
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			die("bug in wt_status_print_untracked");
-		pos = -pos - 1;
-		if (pos < active_nr) {
-			ce = active_cache[pos];
-			if (ce_namelen(ce) == ent->len &&
-			    !memcmp(ce->name, ent->name, ent->len))
-				continue;
-		}
+		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
+			continue;
 		if (!shown_header) {
 			s->workdir_untracked = 1;
-			wt_status_print_header("Untracked files",
-					       use_add_to_include_msg);
+			wt_status_print_untracked_header(s);
 			shown_header = 1;
 		}
-		color_printf(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED), "%.*s",
-				ent->len, ent->name);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED), "%s",
+				quote_path(ent->name, ent->len,
+					&buf, s->prefix));
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, s->reference);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev,
+		s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	wt_read_cache(s);
+	rev.diffopt.file = s->fp;
+	rev.diffopt.close_file = 0;
+	/*
+	 * If we're not going to stdout, then we definitely don't
+	 * want color, since we are going to the commit message
+	 * file (and even the "auto" setting won't work, since it
+	 * will have checked isatty on stdout).
+	 */
+	if (s->fp != stdout)
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(&rev.diffopt, COLOR_DIFF);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
 }
 
+static void wt_status_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *cp, *ep;
+	struct branch *branch;
+
+	assert(s->branch && !s->is_initial);
+	if (prefixcmp(s->branch, "refs/heads/"))
+		return;
+	branch = branch_get(s->branch + 11);
+	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb))
+		return;
+
+	for (cp = sb.buf; (ep = strchr(cp, '\n')) != NULL; cp = ep + 1)
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER),
+				 "# %.*s", (int)(ep - cp), cp);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+}
+
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	s->is_initial = get_sha1(s->reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
+	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
 
+	s->is_initial = get_sha1(s->reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
 	if (s->branch) {
 		const char *on_what = "On branch ";
 		const char *branch_name = s->branch;
@@ -311,50 +328,86 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			branch_name += 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 			branch_name = "";
+			branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH);
 			on_what = "Not currently on any branch.";
 		}
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER),
-			"# %s%s", on_what, branch_name);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "# ");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color, "%s%s", on_what, branch_name);
+		if (!s->is_initial)
+			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
 	if (s->is_initial) {
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "# Initial commit");
-		color_printf_ln(color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
-		wt_status_print_initial(s);
-	}
-	else {
-		wt_status_print_updated(s);
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "# Initial commit");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
 	}
 
+	wt_status_print_updated(s);
 	wt_status_print_changed(s);
-	wt_status_print_untracked(s);
-
-	if (s->verbose && !s->is_initial)
+	if (wt_status_submodule_summary)
+		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s);
+	if (show_untracked_files)
+		wt_status_print_untracked(s);
+	else if (s->commitable)
+		 fprintf(s->fp, "# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)\n");
+
+	if (s->verbose)
 		wt_status_print_verbose(s);
 	if (!s->commitable) {
 		if (s->amend)
-			printf("# No changes\n");
+			fprintf(s->fp, "# No changes\n");
+		else if (s->nowarn)
+			; /* nothing */
 		else if (s->workdir_dirty)
 			printf("no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n");
 		else if (s->workdir_untracked)
 			printf("nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to track)\n");
 		else if (s->is_initial)
 			printf("nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n");
+		else if (!show_untracked_files)
+			printf("nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n");
 		else
 			printf("nothing to commit (working directory clean)\n");
 	}
 }
 
-int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v)
+int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.submodulesummary")) {
+		int is_bool;
+		wt_status_submodule_summary = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
+		if (is_bool && wt_status_submodule_summary)
+			wt_status_submodule_summary = -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "status.color") || !strcmp(k, "color.status")) {
-		wt_status_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
+		wt_status_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v, -1);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(k, "status.color.") || !prefixcmp(k, "color.status.")) {
 		int slot = parse_status_slot(k, 13);
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
 		color_parse(v, k, wt_status_colors[slot]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.relativepaths")) {
+		wt_status_relative_paths = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.showuntrackedfiles")) {
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "no"))
+			show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "normal"))
+			show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
+			show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else
+			return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	return git_default_config(k, v);
+	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 }
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index cfea4ae688..78add09bd6 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -1,12 +1,22 @@
 #ifndef STATUS_H
 #define STATUS_H
 
+#include <stdio.h>
+
 enum color_wt_status {
 	WT_STATUS_HEADER,
 	WT_STATUS_UPDATED,
 	WT_STATUS_CHANGED,
 	WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED,
+	WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH,
+};
+
+enum untracked_status_type {
+	SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES,
+	SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES,
+	SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES
 };
+extern enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
 
 struct wt_status {
 	int is_initial;
@@ -15,13 +25,19 @@ struct wt_status {
 	int verbose;
 	int amend;
 	int untracked;
+	int nowarn;
 	/* These are computed during processing of the individual sections */
 	int commitable;
 	int workdir_dirty;
 	int workdir_untracked;
+	const char *index_file;
+	FILE *fp;
+	const char *prefix;
 };
 
-int git_status_config(const char *var, const char *value);
+int git_status_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+extern int wt_status_use_color;
+extern int wt_status_relative_paths;
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s);
 
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index 10816e95a0..01f14fb50f 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "xdiff/xtypes.h"
+#include "xdiff/xdiffi.h"
+#include "xdiff/xemit.h"
+#include "xdiff/xmacros.h"
+
+struct xdiff_emit_state {
+	xdiff_emit_consume_fn consume;
+	void *consume_callback_data;
+	struct strbuf remainder;
+};
 
 static int parse_num(char **cp_p, int *num_p)
 {
 	char *cp = *cp_p;
 	int num = 0;
-	int read_some;
 
 	while ('0' <= *cp && *cp <= '9')
 		num = num * 10 + *cp++ - '0';
-	if (!(read_some = cp - *cp_p))
+	if (!(cp - *cp_p))
 		return -1;
 	*cp_p = cp;
 	*num_p = num;
@@ -55,13 +64,13 @@ static void consume_one(void *priv_, char *s, unsigned long size)
 		unsigned long this_size;
 		ep = memchr(s, '\n', size);
 		this_size = (ep == NULL) ? size : (ep - s + 1);
-		priv->consume(priv, s, this_size);
+		priv->consume(priv->consume_callback_data, s, this_size);
 		size -= this_size;
 		s += this_size;
 	}
 }
 
-int xdiff_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf)
+static int xdiff_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf)
 {
 	struct xdiff_emit_state *priv = priv_;
 	int i;
@@ -69,40 +78,127 @@ int xdiff_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf)
 	for (i = 0; i < nbuf; i++) {
 		if (mb[i].ptr[mb[i].size-1] != '\n') {
 			/* Incomplete line */
-			priv->remainder = xrealloc(priv->remainder,
-						   priv->remainder_size +
-						   mb[i].size);
-			memcpy(priv->remainder + priv->remainder_size,
-			       mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
-			priv->remainder_size += mb[i].size;
+			strbuf_add(&priv->remainder, mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* we have a complete line */
-		if (!priv->remainder) {
+		if (!priv->remainder.len) {
 			consume_one(priv, mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
 			continue;
 		}
-		priv->remainder = xrealloc(priv->remainder,
-					   priv->remainder_size +
-					   mb[i].size);
-		memcpy(priv->remainder + priv->remainder_size,
-		       mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
-		consume_one(priv, priv->remainder,
-			    priv->remainder_size + mb[i].size);
-		free(priv->remainder);
-		priv->remainder = NULL;
-		priv->remainder_size = 0;
+		strbuf_add(&priv->remainder, mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
+		consume_one(priv, priv->remainder.buf, priv->remainder.len);
+		strbuf_reset(&priv->remainder);
+	}
+	if (priv->remainder.len) {
+		consume_one(priv, priv->remainder.buf, priv->remainder.len);
+		strbuf_reset(&priv->remainder);
 	}
-	if (priv->remainder) {
-		consume_one(priv, priv->remainder, priv->remainder_size);
-		free(priv->remainder);
-		priv->remainder = NULL;
-		priv->remainder_size = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Trim down common substring at the end of the buffers,
+ * but leave at least ctx lines at the end.
+ */
+static void trim_common_tail(mmfile_t *a, mmfile_t *b, long ctx)
+{
+	const int blk = 1024;
+	long trimmed = 0, recovered = 0;
+	char *ap = a->ptr + a->size;
+	char *bp = b->ptr + b->size;
+	long smaller = (a->size < b->size) ? a->size : b->size;
+
+	if (ctx)
+		return;
+
+	while (blk + trimmed <= smaller && !memcmp(ap - blk, bp - blk, blk)) {
+		trimmed += blk;
+		ap -= blk;
+		bp -= blk;
+	}
+
+	while (recovered < trimmed)
+		if (ap[recovered++] == '\n')
+			break;
+	a->size -= trimmed - recovered;
+	b->size -= trimmed - recovered;
+}
+
+int xdi_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *xecb)
+{
+	mmfile_t a = *mf1;
+	mmfile_t b = *mf2;
+
+	trim_common_tail(&a, &b, xecfg->ctxlen);
+
+	return xdl_diff(&a, &b, xpp, xecfg, xecb);
+}
+
+int xdi_diff_outf(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
+		  xdiff_emit_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
+		  xpparam_t const *xpp,
+		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *xecb)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct xdiff_emit_state state;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	state.consume = fn;
+	state.consume_callback_data = consume_callback_data;
+	xecb->outf = xdiff_outf;
+	xecb->priv = &state;
+	strbuf_init(&state.remainder, 0);
+	ret = xdi_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xecfg, xecb);
+	strbuf_release(&state.remainder);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state {
+	xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn consume;
+	void *consume_callback_data;
+};
+
+static int process_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
+			xdemitconf_t const *xecfg)
+{
+	long s1, s2, same, p_next, t_next;
+	xdchange_t *xch, *xche;
+	struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state *state = ecb->priv;
+	xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn = state->consume;
+	void *consume_callback_data = state->consume_callback_data;
+
+	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
+		xche = xdl_get_hunk(xch, xecfg);
+
+		s1 = XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
+		s2 = XDL_MAX(xch->i2 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
+		same = s2 + XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - s1, 0);
+		p_next = xche->i1 + xche->chg1;
+		t_next = xche->i2 + xche->chg2;
+
+		fn(consume_callback_data, same, p_next, t_next);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int xdi_diff_hunks(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
+		   xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
+		   xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t *xecfg)
+{
+	struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state state;
+	xdemitcb_t ecb;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	memset(&ecb, 0, sizeof(ecb));
+	state.consume = fn;
+	state.consume_callback_data = consume_callback_data;
+	xecfg->emit_func = (void (*)())process_diff;
+	ecb.priv = &state;
+	return xdi_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xecfg, &ecb);
+}
+
 int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -114,12 +210,135 @@ int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename)
 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL)
 		return error("Could not open %s", filename);
 	sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	ptr->ptr = xmalloc(sz);
-	if (fread(ptr->ptr, sz, 1, f) != 1)
+	ptr->ptr = xmalloc(sz ? sz : 1);
+	if (sz && fread(ptr->ptr, sz, 1, f) != 1)
 		return error("Could not read %s", filename);
 	fclose(f);
 	ptr->size = sz;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#define FIRST_FEW_BYTES 8000
+int buffer_is_binary(const char *ptr, unsigned long size)
+{
+	if (FIRST_FEW_BYTES < size)
+		size = FIRST_FEW_BYTES;
+	return !!memchr(ptr, 0, size);
+}
+
+struct ff_regs {
+	int nr;
+	struct ff_reg {
+		regex_t re;
+		int negate;
+	} *array;
+};
+
+static long ff_regexp(const char *line, long len,
+		char *buffer, long buffer_size, void *priv)
+{
+	char *line_buffer;
+	struct ff_regs *regs = priv;
+	regmatch_t pmatch[2];
+	int i;
+	int result = -1;
+
+	/* Exclude terminating newline (and cr) from matching */
+	if (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n') {
+		if (len > 1 && line[len-2] == '\r')
+			len -= 2;
+		else
+			len--;
+	}
+
+	line_buffer = xstrndup(line, len); /* make NUL terminated */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++) {
+		struct ff_reg *reg = regs->array + i;
+		if (!regexec(&reg->re, line_buffer, 2, pmatch, 0)) {
+			if (reg->negate)
+				goto fail;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (regs->nr <= i)
+		goto fail;
+	i = pmatch[1].rm_so >= 0 ? 1 : 0;
+	line += pmatch[i].rm_so;
+	result = pmatch[i].rm_eo - pmatch[i].rm_so;
+	if (result > buffer_size)
+		result = buffer_size;
+	else
+		while (result > 0 && (isspace(line[result - 1])))
+			result--;
+	memcpy(buffer, line, result);
+ fail:
+	free(line_buffer);
+	return result;
+}
+
+void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *value, int cflags)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ff_regs *regs;
+
+	xecfg->find_func = ff_regexp;
+	regs = xecfg->find_func_priv = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ff_regs));
+	for (i = 0, regs->nr = 1; value[i]; i++)
+		if (value[i] == '\n')
+			regs->nr++;
+	regs->array = xmalloc(regs->nr * sizeof(struct ff_reg));
+	for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++) {
+		struct ff_reg *reg = regs->array + i;
+		const char *ep = strchr(value, '\n'), *expression;
+		char *buffer = NULL;
+
+		reg->negate = (*value == '!');
+		if (reg->negate && i == regs->nr - 1)
+			die("Last expression must not be negated: %s", value);
+		if (*value == '!')
+			value++;
+		if (ep)
+			expression = buffer = xstrndup(value, ep - value);
+		else
+			expression = value;
+		if (regcomp(&reg->re, expression, cflags))
+			die("Invalid regexp to look for hunk header: %s", expression);
+		free(buffer);
+		value = ep + 1;
+	}
+}
+
+void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg)
+{
+	if (xecfg->find_func) {
+		int i;
+		struct ff_regs *regs = xecfg->find_func_priv;
 
+		for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++)
+			regfree(&regs->array[i].re);
+		free(regs->array);
+		free(regs);
+		xecfg->find_func = NULL;
+		xecfg->find_func_priv = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+int git_xmerge_style = -1;
+
+int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.conflictstyle")) {
+		if (!value)
+			die("'%s' is not a boolean", var);
+		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
+			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_DIFF3;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
+			git_xmerge_style = 0;
+		else
+			die("unknown style '%s' given for '%s'",
+			    value, var);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.h b/xdiff-interface.h
index 1918808081..55572c39a1 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.h
+++ b/xdiff-interface.h
@@ -3,20 +3,26 @@
 
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 
-struct xdiff_emit_state;
-
 typedef void (*xdiff_emit_consume_fn)(void *, char *, unsigned long);
+typedef void (*xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn)(void *, long, long, long);
 
-struct xdiff_emit_state {
-	xdiff_emit_consume_fn consume;
-	char *remainder;
-	unsigned long remainder_size;
-};
-
-int xdiff_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf);
+int xdi_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
+int xdi_diff_outf(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
+		  xdiff_emit_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
+		  xpparam_t const *xpp,
+		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *xecb);
+int xdi_diff_hunks(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
+		   xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
+		   xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t *xecfg);
 int parse_hunk_header(char *line, int len,
 		      int *ob, int *on,
 		      int *nb, int *nn);
 int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename);
+int buffer_is_binary(const char *ptr, unsigned long size);
+
+extern void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *line, int cflags);
+extern void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg);
+extern int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+extern int git_xmerge_style;
 
 #endif
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index e874a7c46a..4da052a3ff 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE (1 << 2)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE (1 << 3)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL (1 << 4)
+#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 5)
 #define XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL)
 
 #define XDL_PATCH_NORMAL '-'
@@ -50,9 +51,16 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDL_BDOP_CPY 2
 #define XDL_BDOP_INSB 3
 
+/* merge simplification levels */
 #define XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL 0
 #define XDL_MERGE_EAGER 1
 #define XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS 2
+#define XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_ALNUM 3
+#define XDL_MERGE_LEVEL_MASK 0x0f
+
+/* merge output styles */
+#define XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 0x8000
+#define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MASK 0x8000
 
 typedef struct s_mmfile {
 	char *ptr;
@@ -73,9 +81,15 @@ typedef struct s_xdemitcb {
 	int (*outf)(void *, mmbuffer_t *, int);
 } xdemitcb_t;
 
+typedef long (*find_func_t)(const char *line, long line_len, char *buffer, long buffer_size, void *priv);
+
 typedef struct s_xdemitconf {
 	long ctxlen;
+	long interhunkctxlen;
 	unsigned long flags;
+	find_func_t find_func;
+	void *find_func_priv;
+	void (*emit_func)();
 } xdemitconf_t;
 
 typedef struct s_bdiffparam {
@@ -103,4 +117,3 @@ int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, const char *name1,
 #endif /* #ifdef __cplusplus */
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XDIFF_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.c b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
index 9aeebc473b..da67c04357 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.c
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 #define XDL_MAX_COST_MIN 256
 #define XDL_HEUR_MIN_COST 256
-#define XDL_LINE_MAX (long)((1UL << (8 * sizeof(long) - 1)) - 1)
+#define XDL_LINE_MAX (long)((1UL << (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(long) - 1)) - 1)
 #define XDL_SNAKE_CNT 20
 #define XDL_K_HEUR 4
 
@@ -257,8 +257,6 @@ static long xdl_split(unsigned long const *ha1, long off1, long lim1,
 			return ec;
 		}
 	}
-
-	return -1;
 }
 
 
@@ -295,15 +293,14 @@ int xdl_recs_cmp(diffdata_t *dd1, long off1, long lim1,
 		for (; off1 < lim1; off1++)
 			rchg1[rindex1[off1]] = 1;
 	} else {
-		long ec;
 		xdpsplit_t spl;
 		spl.i1 = spl.i2 = 0;
 
 		/*
 		 * Divide ...
 		 */
-		if ((ec = xdl_split(ha1, off1, lim1, ha2, off2, lim2, kvdf, kvdb,
-				    need_min, &spl, xenv)) < 0) {
+		if (xdl_split(ha1, off1, lim1, ha2, off2, lim2, kvdf, kvdb,
+			      need_min, &spl, xenv) < 0) {
 
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -331,6 +328,9 @@ int xdl_do_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 	xdalgoenv_t xenv;
 	diffdata_t dd1, dd2;
 
+	if (xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF)
+		return xdl_do_patience_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe);
+
 	if (xdl_prepare_env(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe) < 0) {
 
 		return -1;
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ int xdl_change_compact(xdfile_t *xdf, xdfile_t *xdfo, long flags) {
 			/*
 			 * Record the end-of-group position in case we are matched
 			 * with a group of changes in the other file (that is, the
-			 * change record before the enf-of-group index in the other
+			 * change record before the end-of-group index in the other
 			 * file is set).
 			 */
 			ixref = rchgo[ixo - 1] ? ix: nrec;
@@ -540,6 +540,8 @@ int xdl_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 	     xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *ecb) {
 	xdchange_t *xscr;
 	xdfenv_t xe;
+	emit_func_t ef = xecfg->emit_func ?
+		(emit_func_t)xecfg->emit_func : xdl_emit_diff;
 
 	if (xdl_do_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, &xe) < 0) {
 
@@ -553,7 +555,7 @@ int xdl_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (xscr) {
-		if (xdl_emit_diff(&xe, xscr, ecb, xecfg) < 0) {
+		if (ef(&xe, xscr, ecb, xecfg) < 0) {
 
 			xdl_free_script(xscr);
 			xdl_free_env(&xe);
@@ -565,4 +567,3 @@ int xdl_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.h b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
index 472aeaecfa..ad033a8e6a 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ int xdl_build_script(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t **xscr);
 void xdl_free_script(xdchange_t *xscr);
 int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
+int xdl_do_patience_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
+		xdfenv_t *env);
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XDIFFI_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.c b/xdiff/xemit.c
index e291dc7608..c4bedf0d1c 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.c
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.c
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 static long xdl_get_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const **rec);
 static int xdl_emit_record(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const *pre, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
-static xdchange_t *xdl_get_hunk(xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
 
 
 
@@ -58,18 +57,36 @@ static int xdl_emit_record(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const *pre, xdemitcb_t *
  * Starting at the passed change atom, find the latest change atom to be included
  * inside the differential hunk according to the specified configuration.
  */
-static xdchange_t *xdl_get_hunk(xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
+xdchange_t *xdl_get_hunk(xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
 	xdchange_t *xch, *xchp;
+	long max_common = 2 * xecfg->ctxlen + xecfg->interhunkctxlen;
 
 	for (xchp = xscr, xch = xscr->next; xch; xchp = xch, xch = xch->next)
-		if (xch->i1 - (xchp->i1 + xchp->chg1) > 2 * xecfg->ctxlen)
+		if (xch->i1 - (xchp->i1 + xchp->chg1) > max_common)
 			break;
 
 	return xchp;
 }
 
 
-static void xdl_find_func(xdfile_t *xf, long i, char *buf, long sz, long *ll) {
+static long def_ff(const char *rec, long len, char *buf, long sz, void *priv)
+{
+	if (len > 0 &&
+			(isalpha((unsigned char)*rec) || /* identifier? */
+			 *rec == '_' ||	/* also identifier? */
+			 *rec == '$')) { /* identifiers from VMS and other esoterico */
+		if (len > sz)
+			len = sz;
+		while (0 < len && isspace((unsigned char)rec[len - 1]))
+			len--;
+		memcpy(buf, rec, len);
+		return len;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void xdl_find_func(xdfile_t *xf, long i, char *buf, long sz, long *ll,
+		find_func_t ff, void *ff_priv) {
 
 	/*
 	 * Be quite stupid about this for now.  Find a line in the old file
@@ -80,27 +97,17 @@ static void xdl_find_func(xdfile_t *xf, long i, char *buf, long sz, long *ll) {
 	const char *rec;
 	long len;
 
-	*ll = 0;
 	while (i-- > 0) {
 		len = xdl_get_rec(xf, i, &rec);
-		if (len > 0 &&
-		    (isalpha((unsigned char)*rec) || /* identifier? */
-		     *rec == '_' ||	/* also identifier? */
-		     *rec == '$')) {	/* mysterious GNU diff's invention */
-			if (len > sz)
-				len = sz;
-			while (0 < len && isspace((unsigned char)rec[len - 1]))
-				len--;
-			memcpy(buf, rec, len);
-			*ll = len;
+		if ((*ll = ff(rec, len, buf, sz, ff_priv)) >= 0)
 			return;
-		}
 	}
+	*ll = 0;
 }
 
 
-int xdl_emit_common(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
-		    xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
+static int xdl_emit_common(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
+                           xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
 	xdfile_t *xdf = &xe->xdf1;
 	const char *rchg = xdf->rchg;
 	long ix;
@@ -120,11 +127,12 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 	xdchange_t *xch, *xche;
 	char funcbuf[80];
 	long funclen = 0;
+	find_func_t ff = xecfg->find_func ?  xecfg->find_func : def_ff;
 
 	if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_COMMON)
 		return xdl_emit_common(xe, xscr, ecb, xecfg);
 
-	for (xch = xche = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
+	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
 		xche = xdl_get_hunk(xch, xecfg);
 
 		s1 = XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
@@ -143,7 +151,8 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 
 		if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES) {
 			xdl_find_func(&xe->xdf1, s1, funcbuf,
-				      sizeof(funcbuf), &funclen);
+				      sizeof(funcbuf), &funclen,
+				      ff, xecfg->find_func_priv);
 		}
 		if (xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(s1 + 1, e1 - s1, s2 + 1, e2 - s2,
 				      funcbuf, funclen, ecb) < 0)
@@ -194,4 +203,3 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.h b/xdiff/xemit.h
index e629417dd2..c2e2e83027 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.h
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.h
@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@
 #define XEMIT_H
 
 
+typedef int (*emit_func_t)(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
+			   xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
 
+xdchange_t *xdl_get_hunk(xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
 int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
 
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XEMIT_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xinclude.h b/xdiff/xinclude.h
index 04a9da82c9..526ccb344d 100644
--- a/xdiff/xinclude.h
+++ b/xdiff/xinclude.h
@@ -40,4 +40,3 @@
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XINCLUDE_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xmacros.h b/xdiff/xmacros.h
index e2cd2023b3..8ef232cfad 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmacros.h
+++ b/xdiff/xmacros.h
@@ -51,4 +51,3 @@ do { \
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XMACROS_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
index b83b3348cc..1cb65a9516 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
+++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
@@ -30,17 +30,32 @@ typedef struct s_xdmerge {
 	 * 2 = no conflict, take second.
 	 */
 	int mode;
+	/*
+	 * These point at the respective postimages.  E.g. <i1,chg1> is
+	 * how side #1 wants to change the common ancestor; if there is no
+	 * overlap, lines before i1 in the postimage of side #1 appear
+	 * in the merge result as a region touched by neither side.
+	 */
 	long i1, i2;
 	long chg1, chg2;
+	/*
+	 * These point at the preimage; of course there is just one
+	 * preimage, that is from the shared common ancestor.
+	 */
+	long i0;
+	long chg0;
 } xdmerge_t;
 
 static int xdl_append_merge(xdmerge_t **merge, int mode,
-		long i1, long chg1, long i2, long chg2)
+			    long i0, long chg0,
+			    long i1, long chg1,
+			    long i2, long chg2)
 {
 	xdmerge_t *m = *merge;
 	if (m && (i1 <= m->i1 + m->chg1 || i2 <= m->i2 + m->chg2)) {
 		if (mode != m->mode)
 			m->mode = 0;
+		m->chg0 = i0 + chg0 - m->i0;
 		m->chg1 = i1 + chg1 - m->i1;
 		m->chg2 = i2 + chg2 - m->i2;
 	} else {
@@ -49,6 +64,8 @@ static int xdl_append_merge(xdmerge_t **merge, int mode,
 			return -1;
 		m->next = NULL;
 		m->mode = mode;
+		m->i0 = i0;
+		m->chg0 = chg0;
 		m->i1 = i1;
 		m->chg1 = chg1;
 		m->i2 = i2;
@@ -91,11 +108,13 @@ static int xdl_merge_cmp_lines(xdfenv_t *xe1, int i1, xdfenv_t *xe2, int i2,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int xdl_recs_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+static int xdl_recs_copy_0(int use_orig, xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
 {
-	xrecord_t **recs = xe->xdf2.recs + i;
+	xrecord_t **recs;
 	int size = 0;
 
+	recs = (use_orig ? xe->xdf1.recs : xe->xdf2.recs) + i;
+
 	if (count < 1)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -113,65 +132,109 @@ static int xdl_recs_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
 	return size;
 }
 
-static int xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
-		xdfenv_t *xe2, const char *name2, xdmerge_t *m, char *dest)
+static int xdl_recs_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+{
+	return xdl_recs_copy_0(0, xe, i, count, add_nl, dest);
+}
+
+static int xdl_orig_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+{
+	return xdl_recs_copy_0(1, xe, i, count, add_nl, dest);
+}
+
+static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
+			      xdfenv_t *xe2, const char *name2,
+			      int size, int i, int style,
+			      xdmerge_t *m, char *dest)
 {
 	const int marker_size = 7;
 	int marker1_size = (name1 ? strlen(name1) + 1 : 0);
 	int marker2_size = (name2 ? strlen(name2) + 1 : 0);
-	int conflict_marker_size = 3 * (marker_size + 1)
-		+ marker1_size + marker2_size;
-	int size, i1, j;
-
-	for (size = i1 = 0; m; m = m->next) {
-		if (m->mode == 0) {
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i1, m->i1 - i1, 0,
-					dest ? dest + size : NULL);
-			if (dest) {
-				for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
-					dest[size++] = '<';
-				if (marker1_size) {
-					dest[size] = ' ';
-					memcpy(dest + size + 1, name1,
-							marker1_size - 1);
-					size += marker1_size;
-				}
-				dest[size++] = '\n';
-			} else
-				size += conflict_marker_size;
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, 1,
-					dest ? dest + size : NULL);
-			if (dest) {
-				for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
-					dest[size++] = '=';
-				dest[size++] = '\n';
-			}
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 1,
-					dest ? dest + size : NULL);
-			if (dest) {
-				for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
-					dest[size++] = '>';
-				if (marker2_size) {
-					dest[size] = ' ';
-					memcpy(dest + size + 1, name2,
-							marker2_size - 1);
-					size += marker2_size;
-				}
-				dest[size++] = '\n';
-			}
-		} else if (m->mode == 1)
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i1, m->i1 + m->chg1 - i1, 0,
-					dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+	int j;
+
+	/* Before conflicting part */
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 - i, 0,
+			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+
+	if (!dest) {
+		size += marker_size + 1 + marker1_size;
+	} else {
+		for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
+			dest[size++] = '<';
+		if (marker1_size) {
+			dest[size] = ' ';
+			memcpy(dest + size + 1, name1, marker1_size - 1);
+			size += marker1_size;
+		}
+		dest[size++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	/* Postimage from side #1 */
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, 1,
+			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+		/* Shared preimage */
+		if (!dest) {
+			size += marker_size + 1;
+		} else {
+			for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
+				dest[size++] = '|';
+			dest[size++] = '\n';
+		}
+		size += xdl_orig_copy(xe1, m->i0, m->chg0, 1,
+				      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (!dest) {
+		size += marker_size + 1;
+	} else {
+		for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
+			dest[size++] = '=';
+		dest[size++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	/* Postimage from side #2 */
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 1,
+			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+	if (!dest) {
+		size += marker_size + 1 + marker2_size;
+	} else {
+		for (j = 0; j < marker_size; j++)
+			dest[size++] = '>';
+		if (marker2_size) {
+			dest[size] = ' ';
+			memcpy(dest + size + 1, name2, marker2_size - 1);
+			size += marker2_size;
+		}
+		dest[size++] = '\n';
+	}
+	return size;
+}
+
+static int xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
+				 xdfenv_t *xe2, const char *name2,
+				 xdmerge_t *m, char *dest, int style)
+{
+	int size, i;
+
+	for (size = i = 0; m; m = m->next) {
+		if (m->mode == 0)
+			size = fill_conflict_hunk(xe1, name1, xe2, name2,
+						  size, i, style, m, dest);
+		else if (m->mode == 1)
+			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 + m->chg1 - i, 0,
+					      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 		else if (m->mode == 2)
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2 - m->i1 + i1,
-					m->i1 + m->chg2 - i1, 0,
-					dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2 - m->i1 + i,
+					      m->i1 + m->chg2 - i, 0,
+					      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 		else
 			continue;
-		i1 = m->i1 + m->chg1;
+		i = m->i1 + m->chg1;
 	}
-	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i1, xe1->xdf2.nrec - i1, 0,
-			dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, xe1->xdf2.nrec - i, 0,
+			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 	return size;
 }
 
@@ -248,18 +311,95 @@ static int xdl_refine_conflicts(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdfenv_t *xe2, xdmerge_t *m,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int line_contains_alnum(const char *ptr, long size)
+{
+	while (size--)
+		if (isalnum(*(ptr++)))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int lines_contain_alnum(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int chg)
+{
+	for (; chg; chg--, i++)
+		if (line_contains_alnum(xe->xdf2.recs[i]->ptr,
+				xe->xdf2.recs[i]->size))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function merges m and m->next, marking everything between those hunks
+ * as conflicting, too.
+ */
+static void xdl_merge_two_conflicts(xdmerge_t *m)
+{
+	xdmerge_t *next_m = m->next;
+	m->chg1 = next_m->i1 + next_m->chg1 - m->i1;
+	m->chg2 = next_m->i2 + next_m->chg2 - m->i2;
+	m->next = next_m->next;
+	free(next_m);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If there are less than 3 non-conflicting lines between conflicts,
+ * it appears simpler -- because it takes up less (or as many) lines --
+ * if the lines are moved into the conflicts.
+ */
+static int xdl_simplify_non_conflicts(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdmerge_t *m,
+				      int simplify_if_no_alnum)
+{
+	int result = 0;
+
+	if (!m)
+		return result;
+	for (;;) {
+		xdmerge_t *next_m = m->next;
+		int begin, end;
+
+		if (!next_m)
+			return result;
+
+		begin = m->i1 + m->chg1;
+		end = next_m->i1;
+
+		if (m->mode != 0 || next_m->mode != 0 ||
+		    (end - begin > 3 &&
+		     (!simplify_if_no_alnum ||
+		      lines_contain_alnum(xe1, begin, end - begin)))) {
+			m = next_m;
+		} else {
+			result++;
+			xdl_merge_two_conflicts(m);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * level == 0: mark all overlapping changes as conflict
  * level == 1: mark overlapping changes as conflict only if not identical
  * level == 2: analyze non-identical changes for minimal conflict set
+ * level == 3: analyze non-identical changes for minimal conflict set, but
+ *             treat hunks not containing any letter or number as conflicting
  *
  * returns < 0 on error, == 0 for no conflicts, else number of conflicts
  */
 static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 		xdfenv_t *xe2, xdchange_t *xscr2, const char *name2,
-		int level, xpparam_t const *xpp, mmbuffer_t *result) {
+		int flags, xpparam_t const *xpp, mmbuffer_t *result) {
 	xdmerge_t *changes, *c;
-	int i1, i2, chg1, chg2;
+	int i0, i1, i2, chg0, chg1, chg2;
+	int level = flags & XDL_MERGE_LEVEL_MASK;
+	int style = flags & XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MASK;
+
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+		/*
+		 * "diff3 -m" output does not make sense for anything
+		 * more aggressive than XDL_MERGE_EAGER.
+		 */
+		if (XDL_MERGE_EAGER < level)
+			level = XDL_MERGE_EAGER;
+	}
 
 	c = changes = NULL;
 
@@ -267,11 +407,14 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 		if (!changes)
 			changes = c;
 		if (xscr1->i1 + xscr1->chg1 < xscr2->i1) {
+			i0 = xscr1->i1;
 			i1 = xscr1->i2;
 			i2 = xscr2->i2 - xscr2->i1 + xscr1->i1;
+			chg0 = xscr1->chg1;
 			chg1 = xscr1->chg2;
 			chg2 = xscr1->chg1;
-			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 1, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
+			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 1,
+					     i0, chg0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
 				xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 				return -1;
 			}
@@ -279,18 +422,21 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (xscr2->i1 + xscr2->chg1 < xscr1->i1) {
+			i0 = xscr2->i1;
 			i1 = xscr1->i2 - xscr1->i1 + xscr2->i1;
 			i2 = xscr2->i2;
+			chg0 = xscr2->chg1;
 			chg1 = xscr2->chg1;
 			chg2 = xscr2->chg2;
-			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 2, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
+			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 2,
+					     i0, chg0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
 				xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 				return -1;
 			}
 			xscr2 = xscr2->next;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (level < 1 || xscr1->i1 != xscr2->i1 ||
+		if (level == XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL || xscr1->i1 != xscr2->i1 ||
 				xscr1->chg1 != xscr2->chg1 ||
 				xscr1->chg2 != xscr2->chg2 ||
 				xdl_merge_cmp_lines(xe1, xscr1->i2,
@@ -300,19 +446,25 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 			int off = xscr1->i1 - xscr2->i1;
 			int ffo = off + xscr1->chg1 - xscr2->chg1;
 
+			i0 = xscr1->i1;
 			i1 = xscr1->i2;
 			i2 = xscr2->i2;
-			if (off > 0)
+			if (off > 0) {
+				i0 -= off;
 				i1 -= off;
+			}
 			else
 				i2 += off;
+			chg0 = xscr1->i1 + xscr1->chg1 - i0;
 			chg1 = xscr1->i2 + xscr1->chg2 - i1;
 			chg2 = xscr2->i2 + xscr2->chg2 - i2;
-			if (ffo > 0)
-				chg2 += ffo;
-			else
+			if (ffo < 0) {
+				chg0 -= ffo;
 				chg1 -= ffo;
-			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
+			} else
+				chg2 += ffo;
+			if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 0,
+					     i0, chg0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
 				xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 				return -1;
 			}
@@ -329,11 +481,14 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 	while (xscr1) {
 		if (!changes)
 			changes = c;
+		i0 = xscr1->i1;
 		i1 = xscr1->i2;
 		i2 = xscr1->i1 + xe2->xdf2.nrec - xe2->xdf1.nrec;
+		chg0 = xscr1->chg1;
 		chg1 = xscr1->chg2;
 		chg2 = xscr1->chg1;
-		if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 1, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
+		if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 1,
+				     i0, chg0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
 			xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -342,11 +497,14 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 	while (xscr2) {
 		if (!changes)
 			changes = c;
+		i0 = xscr2->i1;
 		i1 = xscr2->i1 + xe1->xdf2.nrec - xe1->xdf1.nrec;
 		i2 = xscr2->i2;
+		chg0 = xscr2->chg1;
 		chg1 = xscr2->chg1;
 		chg2 = xscr2->chg2;
-		if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 2, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
+		if (xdl_append_merge(&c, 2,
+				     i0, chg0, i1, chg1, i2, chg2)) {
 			xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -355,14 +513,17 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 	if (!changes)
 		changes = c;
 	/* refine conflicts */
-	if (level > 1 && xdl_refine_conflicts(xe1, xe2, changes, xpp) < 0) {
+	if (XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS <= level &&
+	    (xdl_refine_conflicts(xe1, xe2, changes, xpp) < 0 ||
+	     xdl_simplify_non_conflicts(xe1, changes,
+					XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS < level) < 0)) {
 		xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	/* output */
 	if (result) {
 		int size = xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xe1, name1, xe2, name2,
-			changes, NULL);
+			changes, NULL, style);
 		result->ptr = xdl_malloc(size);
 		if (!result->ptr) {
 			xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
@@ -370,14 +531,14 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1, const char *name1,
 		}
 		result->size = size;
 		xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xe1, name1, xe2, name2, changes,
-				result->ptr);
+				      result->ptr, style);
 	}
 	return xdl_cleanup_merge(changes);
 }
 
 int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, const char *name1,
 		mmfile_t *mf2, const char *name2,
-		xpparam_t const *xpp, int level, mmbuffer_t *result) {
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, int flags, mmbuffer_t *result) {
 	xdchange_t *xscr1, *xscr2;
 	xdfenv_t xe1, xe2;
 	int status;
@@ -402,23 +563,22 @@ int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, const char *name1,
 		return -1;
 	}
 	status = 0;
-	if (xscr1 || xscr2) {
-		if (!xscr1) {
-			result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf2->size);
-			memcpy(result->ptr, mf2->ptr, mf2->size);
-			result->size = mf2->size;
-		} else if (!xscr2) {
-			result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf1->size);
-			memcpy(result->ptr, mf1->ptr, mf1->size);
-			result->size = mf1->size;
-		} else {
-			status = xdl_do_merge(&xe1, xscr1, name1,
-					      &xe2, xscr2, name2,
-					      level, xpp, result);
-		}
-		xdl_free_script(xscr1);
-		xdl_free_script(xscr2);
+	if (!xscr1) {
+		result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf2->size);
+		memcpy(result->ptr, mf2->ptr, mf2->size);
+		result->size = mf2->size;
+	} else if (!xscr2) {
+		result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf1->size);
+		memcpy(result->ptr, mf1->ptr, mf1->size);
+		result->size = mf1->size;
+	} else {
+		status = xdl_do_merge(&xe1, xscr1, name1,
+				      &xe2, xscr2, name2,
+				      flags, xpp, result);
 	}
+	xdl_free_script(xscr1);
+	xdl_free_script(xscr2);
+
 	xdl_free_env(&xe1);
 	xdl_free_env(&xe2);
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xpatience.c b/xdiff/xpatience.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e42c16a807
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xdiff/xpatience.c
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+/*
+ *  LibXDiff by Davide Libenzi ( File Differential Library )
+ *  Copyright (C) 2003-2009 Davide Libenzi, Johannes E. Schindelin
+ *
+ *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ *  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
+ *
+ */
+#include "xinclude.h"
+#include "xtypes.h"
+#include "xdiff.h"
+
+/*
+ * The basic idea of patience diff is to find lines that are unique in
+ * both files.  These are intuitively the ones that we want to see as
+ * common lines.
+ *
+ * The maximal ordered sequence of such line pairs (where ordered means
+ * that the order in the sequence agrees with the order of the lines in
+ * both files) naturally defines an initial set of common lines.
+ *
+ * Now, the algorithm tries to extend the set of common lines by growing
+ * the line ranges where the files have identical lines.
+ *
+ * Between those common lines, the patience diff algorithm is applied
+ * recursively, until no unique line pairs can be found; these line ranges
+ * are handled by the well-known Myers algorithm.
+ */
+
+#define NON_UNIQUE ULONG_MAX
+
+/*
+ * This is a hash mapping from line hash to line numbers in the first and
+ * second file.
+ */
+struct hashmap {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct entry {
+		unsigned long hash;
+		/*
+		 * 0 = unused entry, 1 = first line, 2 = second, etc.
+		 * line2 is NON_UNIQUE if the line is not unique
+		 * in either the first or the second file.
+		 */
+		unsigned long line1, line2;
+		/*
+		 * "next" & "previous" are used for the longest common
+		 * sequence;
+		 * initially, "next" reflects only the order in file1.
+		 */
+		struct entry *next, *previous;
+	} *entries, *first, *last;
+	/* were common records found? */
+	unsigned long has_matches;
+	mmfile_t *file1, *file2;
+	xdfenv_t *env;
+	xpparam_t const *xpp;
+};
+
+/* The argument "pass" is 1 for the first file, 2 for the second. */
+static void insert_record(int line, struct hashmap *map, int pass)
+{
+	xrecord_t **records = pass == 1 ?
+		map->env->xdf1.recs : map->env->xdf2.recs;
+	xrecord_t *record = records[line - 1], *other;
+	/*
+	 * After xdl_prepare_env() (or more precisely, due to
+	 * xdl_classify_record()), the "ha" member of the records (AKA lines)
+	 * is _not_ the hash anymore, but a linearized version of it.  In
+	 * other words, the "ha" member is guaranteed to start with 0 and
+	 * the second record's ha can only be 0 or 1, etc.
+	 *
+	 * So we multiply ha by 2 in the hope that the hashing was
+	 * "unique enough".
+	 */
+	int index = (int)((record->ha << 1) % map->alloc);
+
+	while (map->entries[index].line1) {
+		other = map->env->xdf1.recs[map->entries[index].line1 - 1];
+		if (map->entries[index].hash != record->ha ||
+				!xdl_recmatch(record->ptr, record->size,
+					other->ptr, other->size,
+					map->xpp->flags)) {
+			if (++index >= map->alloc)
+				index = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (pass == 2)
+			map->has_matches = 1;
+		if (pass == 1 || map->entries[index].line2)
+			map->entries[index].line2 = NON_UNIQUE;
+		else
+			map->entries[index].line2 = line;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (pass == 2)
+		return;
+	map->entries[index].line1 = line;
+	map->entries[index].hash = record->ha;
+	if (!map->first)
+		map->first = map->entries + index;
+	if (map->last) {
+		map->last->next = map->entries + index;
+		map->entries[index].previous = map->last;
+	}
+	map->last = map->entries + index;
+	map->nr++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function has to be called for each recursion into the inter-hunk
+ * parts, as previously non-unique lines can become unique when being
+ * restricted to a smaller part of the files.
+ *
+ * It is assumed that env has been prepared using xdl_prepare().
+ */
+static int fill_hashmap(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		struct hashmap *result,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	result->file1 = file1;
+	result->file2 = file2;
+	result->xpp = xpp;
+	result->env = env;
+
+	/* We know exactly how large we want the hash map */
+	result->alloc = count1 * 2;
+	result->entries = (struct entry *)
+		xdl_malloc(result->alloc * sizeof(struct entry));
+	if (!result->entries)
+		return -1;
+	memset(result->entries, 0, result->alloc * sizeof(struct entry));
+
+	/* First, fill with entries from the first file */
+	while (count1--)
+		insert_record(line1++, result, 1);
+
+	/* Then search for matches in the second file */
+	while (count2--)
+		insert_record(line2++, result, 2);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the longest sequence with a smaller last element (meaning a smaller
+ * line2, as we construct the sequence with entries ordered by line1).
+ */
+static int binary_search(struct entry **sequence, int longest,
+		struct entry *entry)
+{
+	int left = -1, right = longest;
+
+	while (left + 1 < right) {
+		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
+		/* by construction, no two entries can be equal */
+		if (sequence[middle]->line2 > entry->line2)
+			right = middle;
+		else
+			left = middle;
+	}
+	/* return the index in "sequence", _not_ the sequence length */
+	return left;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The idea is to start with the list of common unique lines sorted by
+ * the order in file1.  For each of these pairs, the longest (partial)
+ * sequence whose last element's line2 is smaller is determined.
+ *
+ * For efficiency, the sequences are kept in a list containing exactly one
+ * item per sequence length: the sequence with the smallest last
+ * element (in terms of line2).
+ */
+static struct entry *find_longest_common_sequence(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	struct entry **sequence = xdl_malloc(map->nr * sizeof(struct entry *));
+	int longest = 0, i;
+	struct entry *entry;
+
+	for (entry = map->first; entry; entry = entry->next) {
+		if (!entry->line2 || entry->line2 == NON_UNIQUE)
+			continue;
+		i = binary_search(sequence, longest, entry);
+		entry->previous = i < 0 ? NULL : sequence[i];
+		sequence[++i] = entry;
+		if (i == longest)
+			longest++;
+	}
+
+	/* No common unique lines were found */
+	if (!longest) {
+		xdl_free(sequence);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* Iterate starting at the last element, adjusting the "next" members */
+	entry = sequence[longest - 1];
+	entry->next = NULL;
+	while (entry->previous) {
+		entry->previous->next = entry;
+		entry = entry->previous;
+	}
+	xdl_free(sequence);
+	return entry;
+}
+
+static int match(struct hashmap *map, int line1, int line2)
+{
+	xrecord_t *record1 = map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 - 1];
+	xrecord_t *record2 = map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 - 1];
+	return xdl_recmatch(record1->ptr, record1->size,
+		record2->ptr, record2->size, map->xpp->flags);
+}
+
+static int patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2);
+
+static int walk_common_sequence(struct hashmap *map, struct entry *first,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	int end1 = line1 + count1, end2 = line2 + count2;
+	int next1, next2;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Try to grow the line ranges of common lines */
+		if (first) {
+			next1 = first->line1;
+			next2 = first->line2;
+			while (next1 > line1 && next2 > line2 &&
+					match(map, next1 - 1, next2 - 1)) {
+				next1--;
+				next2--;
+			}
+		} else {
+			next1 = end1;
+			next2 = end2;
+		}
+		while (line1 < next1 && line2 < next2 &&
+				match(map, line1, line2)) {
+			line1++;
+			line2++;
+		}
+
+		/* Recurse */
+		if (next1 > line1 || next2 > line2) {
+			struct hashmap submap;
+
+			memset(&submap, 0, sizeof(submap));
+			if (patience_diff(map->file1, map->file2,
+					map->xpp, map->env,
+					line1, next1 - line1,
+					line2, next2 - line2))
+				return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!first)
+			return 0;
+
+		while (first->next &&
+				first->next->line1 == first->line1 + 1 &&
+				first->next->line2 == first->line2 + 1)
+			first = first->next;
+
+		line1 = first->line1 + 1;
+		line2 = first->line2 + 1;
+
+		first = first->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static int fall_back_to_classic_diff(struct hashmap *map,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This probably does not work outside Git, since
+	 * we have a very simple mmfile structure.
+	 *
+	 * Note: ideally, we would reuse the prepared environment, but
+	 * the libxdiff interface does not (yet) allow for diffing only
+	 * ranges of lines instead of the whole files.
+	 */
+	mmfile_t subfile1, subfile2;
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	xdfenv_t env;
+
+	subfile1.ptr = (char *)map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 - 1]->ptr;
+	subfile1.size = map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 + count1 - 2]->ptr +
+		map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 + count1 - 2]->size - subfile1.ptr;
+	subfile2.ptr = (char *)map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 - 1]->ptr;
+	subfile2.size = map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 + count2 - 2]->ptr +
+		map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 + count2 - 2]->size - subfile2.ptr;
+	xpp.flags = map->xpp->flags & ~XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF;
+	if (xdl_do_diff(&subfile1, &subfile2, &xpp, &env) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(map->env->xdf1.rchg + line1 - 1, env.xdf1.rchg, count1);
+	memcpy(map->env->xdf2.rchg + line2 - 1, env.xdf2.rchg, count2);
+
+	xdl_free_env(&env);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Recursively find the longest common sequence of unique lines,
+ * and if none was found, ask xdl_do_diff() to do the job.
+ *
+ * This function assumes that env was prepared with xdl_prepare_env().
+ */
+static int patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	struct hashmap map;
+	struct entry *first;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	/* trivial case: one side is empty */
+	if (!count1) {
+		while(count2--)
+			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!count2) {
+		while(count1--)
+			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	memset(&map, 0, sizeof(map));
+	if (fill_hashmap(file1, file2, xpp, env, &map,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* are there any matching lines at all? */
+	if (!map.has_matches) {
+		while(count1--)
+			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
+		while(count2--)
+			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
+		xdl_free(map.entries);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	first = find_longest_common_sequence(&map);
+	if (first)
+		result = walk_common_sequence(&map, first,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2);
+	else
+		result = fall_back_to_classic_diff(&map,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2);
+
+	xdl_free(map.entries);
+	return result;
+}
+
+int xdl_do_patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env)
+{
+	if (xdl_prepare_env(file1, file2, xpp, env) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* environment is cleaned up in xdl_diff() */
+	return patience_diff(file1, file2, xpp, env,
+			1, env->xdf1.nrec, 1, env->xdf2.nrec);
+}
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.c b/xdiff/xprepare.c
index 1be7b31950..1689085235 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.c
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.c
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@
 #include "xinclude.h"
 
 
-
 #define XDL_KPDIS_RUN 4
 #define XDL_MAX_EQLIMIT 1024
-
+#define XDL_SIMSCAN_WINDOW 100
 
 
 typedef struct s_xdlclass {
@@ -291,7 +290,8 @@ int xdl_prepare_env(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 
 	xdl_free_classifier(&cf);
 
-	if (xdl_optimize_ctxs(&xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
+	if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF) &&
+			xdl_optimize_ctxs(&xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
 
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf2);
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf1);
@@ -313,6 +313,18 @@ static int xdl_clean_mmatch(char const *dis, long i, long s, long e) {
 	long r, rdis0, rpdis0, rdis1, rpdis1;
 
 	/*
+	 * Limits the window the is examined during the similar-lines
+	 * scan. The loops below stops when dis[i - r] == 1 (line that
+	 * has no match), but there are corner cases where the loop
+	 * proceed all the way to the extremities by causing huge
+	 * performance penalties in case of big files.
+	 */
+	if (i - s > XDL_SIMSCAN_WINDOW)
+		s = i - XDL_SIMSCAN_WINDOW;
+	if (e - i > XDL_SIMSCAN_WINDOW)
+		e = i + XDL_SIMSCAN_WINDOW;
+
+	/*
 	 * Scans the lines before 'i' to find a run of lines that either
 	 * have no match (dis[j] == 0) or have multiple matches (dis[j] > 1).
 	 * Note that we always call this function with dis[i] > 1, so the
@@ -466,4 +478,3 @@ static int xdl_optimize_ctxs(xdfile_t *xdf1, xdfile_t *xdf2) {
 
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.h b/xdiff/xprepare.h
index 344c569e8b..8fb06a5374 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.h
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.h
@@ -32,4 +32,3 @@ void xdl_free_env(xdfenv_t *xe);
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XPREPARE_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xtypes.h b/xdiff/xtypes.h
index 3593a664fc..2511aef8d8 100644
--- a/xdiff/xtypes.h
+++ b/xdiff/xtypes.h
@@ -65,4 +65,3 @@ typedef struct s_xdfenv {
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XTYPES_H) */
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.c b/xdiff/xutils.c
index bf91c0f73c..04ad468702 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.c
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.c
@@ -232,8 +232,6 @@ int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
 		return i1 >= s1 && i2 >= s2;
 	} else
 		return s1 == s2 && !memcmp(l1, l2, s1);
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
@@ -247,12 +245,14 @@ static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
 			while (ptr + 1 < top && isspace(ptr[1])
 					&& ptr[1] != '\n')
 				ptr++;
-			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE
+			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE)
+				; /* already handled */
+			else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE
 					&& ptr[1] != '\n') {
 				ha += (ha << 5);
 				ha ^= (unsigned long) ' ';
 			}
-			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL
+			else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL
 					&& ptr[1] != '\n') {
 				while (ptr2 != ptr + 1) {
 					ha += (ha << 5);
@@ -380,4 +380,3 @@ int xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(long s1, long c1, long s2, long c2,
 
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.h b/xdiff/xutils.h
index 70d8b9838a..d5de8292e0 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.h
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.h
@@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ int xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(long s1, long c1, long s2, long c2,
 
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XUTILS_H) */
-