Detached HEAD (experimental)

This allows "git checkout v1.4.3" to dissociate the HEAD of
repository from any branch.  After this point, "git branch"
starts reporting that you are not on any branch.  You can go
back to an existing branch by saying "git checkout master", for
example.

This is still experimental.  While I think it makes sense to
allow commits on top of detached HEAD, it is rather dangerous
unless you are careful in the current form.  Next "git checkout
master" will obviously lose what you have done, so we might want
to require "git checkout -f" out of a detached HEAD if we find
that the HEAD commit is not an ancestor of any other branches.
There is no such safety valve implemented right now.

On the other hand, the reason the user did not start the ad-hoc
work on a new branch with "git checkout -b" was probably because
the work was of a throw-away nature, so the convenience of not
having that safety valve might be even better.  The user, after
accumulating some commits on top of a detached HEAD, can always
create a new branch with "git checkout -b" not to lose useful
work done while the HEAD was detached.

We'll see.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>

1 files changed, 17 insertions, 7 deletions

diff --git a/builtin-branch.c b/builtin-branch.c
index 487965b540..c760e188ea 100644
--- a/builtin-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-branch.c
@@ -308,7 +308,8 @@ static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev)
 	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
 }
 
-static void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start,
+static void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
+			  unsigned char *start_sha1,
 			  int force, int reflog)
 {
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
@@ -327,9 +328,14 @@ static void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start,
 			die("Cannot force update the current branch.");
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1(start, sha1) ||
-	    (commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
-		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start);
+	if (start_sha1)
+		/* detached HEAD */
+		hashcpy(sha1, start_sha1);
+	else if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+
+	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
+		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start_name);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
 	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, NULL);
@@ -338,7 +344,8 @@ static void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start,
 
 	if (reflog) {
 		log_all_ref_updates = 1;
-		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Created from %s", start);
+		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Created from %s",
+			 start_name);
 	}
 
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
@@ -350,6 +357,9 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	char oldref[PATH_MAX], newref[PATH_MAX], logmsg[PATH_MAX*2 + 100];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
+	if (!oldname)
+		die("cannot rename the curren branch while not on any.");
+
 	if (snprintf(oldref, sizeof(oldref), "refs/heads/%s", oldname) > sizeof(oldref))
 		die("Old branchname too long");
 
@@ -474,9 +484,9 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (rename && (i == argc - 2))
 		rename_branch(argv[i], argv[i + 1], force_rename);
 	else if (i == argc - 1)
-		create_branch(argv[i], head, force_create, reflog);
+		create_branch(argv[i], head, head_sha1, force_create, reflog);
 	else if (i == argc - 2)
-		create_branch(argv[i], argv[i + 1], force_create, reflog);
+		create_branch(argv[i], argv[i+1], NULL, force_create, reflog);
 	else
 		usage(builtin_branch_usage);