Use latest_merge_request_diff association

Compared to the merge_request_diff association:

1. It's simpler to query. The query uses a foreign key to the
   merge_request_diffs table, so no ordering is necessary.
2. It's faster for preloading. The merge_request_diff association has to load
   every diff for the MRs in the set, then discard all but the most recent for
   each. This association means that Rails can just query for N diffs from N
   MRs.
3. It's more complicated to update. This is a bidirectional foreign key, so we
   need to update two tables when adding a diff record. This also means we need
   to handle this as a special case when importing a GitLab project.

There is some juggling with this association in the merge request model:

* `MergeRequest#latest_merge_request_diff` is _always_ the latest diff.
* `MergeRequest#merge_request_diff` reuses
  `MergeRequest#latest_merge_request_diff` unless:
    * Arguments are passed. These are typically to force-reload the association.
    * It doesn't exist. That means we might be trying to implicitly create a
      diff. This only seems to happen in specs.
    * The association is already loaded. This is important for the reasons
      explained in the comment, which I'll reiterate here: if we a) load a
      non-latest diff, then b) get its `merge_request`, then c) get that MR's
      `merge_request_diff`, we should get the diff we loaded in c), even though
      that's not the latest diff.

Basically, `MergeRequest#merge_request_diff` is the latest diff in most cases,
but not quite all.

1 files changed, 30 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/db/migrate/20171115164540_populate_merge_requests_latest_merge_request_diff_id_take_two.rb b/db/migrate/20171115164540_populate_merge_requests_latest_merge_request_diff_id_take_two.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27b6b4ebddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20171115164540_populate_merge_requests_latest_merge_request_diff_id_take_two.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# This is identical to the stolen background migration, which already has specs.
+class PopulateMergeRequestsLatestMergeRequestDiffIdTakeTwo < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+  BATCH_SIZE = 1_000
+
+  class MergeRequest < ActiveRecord::Base
+    self.table_name = 'merge_requests'
+
+    include ::EachBatch
+  end
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    Gitlab::BackgroundMigration.steal('PopulateMergeRequestsLatestMergeRequestDiffId')
+
+    update = '
+      latest_merge_request_diff_id = (
+        SELECT MAX(id)
+        FROM merge_request_diffs
+        WHERE merge_requests.id = merge_request_diffs.merge_request_id
+      )'.squish
+
+    MergeRequest.where(latest_merge_request_diff_id: nil).each_batch(of: BATCH_SIZE) do |relation|
+      relation.update_all(update)
+    end
+  end
+end