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authorAchilleas Pipinellis <axilleas@axilleas.me>2017-01-18 12:46:52 -0500
committerJames Edwards-Jones <jedwardsjones@gitlab.com>2017-02-01 23:49:58 +0000
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-# GitLab Pages
-
-> **Note:**
-> This feature was [introduced][ee-80] in GitLab EE 8.3.
-> Custom CNAMEs with TLS support were [introduced][ee-173] in GitLab EE 8.5.
-
-> **Note:**
-> This document is about the user guide. To learn how to enable GitLab Pages
-> across your GitLab instance, visit the [administrator documentation](administration.md).
-
-With GitLab Pages you can host for free your static websites on GitLab.
-Combined with the power of [GitLab CI] and the help of [GitLab Runner] you can
-deploy static pages for your individual projects, your user or your group.
-
-Read [GitLab Pages on GitLab.com](#gitlab-pages-on-gitlab-com) for specific
-information, if you are using GitLab.com to host your website.
-
-## Getting started with GitLab Pages
-
-> **Note:**
-> In the rest of this document we will assume that the general domain name that
-> is used for GitLab Pages is `example.io`.
-
-In general there are two types of pages one might create:
-
-- Pages per user (`username.example.io`) or per group (`groupname.example.io`)
-- Pages per project (`username.example.io/projectname` or `groupname.example.io/projectname`)
-
-In GitLab, usernames and groupnames are unique and we often refer to them
-as namespaces. There can be only one namespace in a GitLab instance. Below you
-can see the connection between the type of GitLab Pages, what the project name
-that is created on GitLab looks like and the website URL it will be ultimately
-be served on.
-
-| Type of GitLab Pages | The name of the project created in GitLab | Website URL |
-| -------------------- | ------------ | ----------- |
-| User pages | `username.example.io` | `http(s)://username.example.io` |
-| Group pages | `groupname.example.io` | `http(s)://groupname.example.io` |
-| Project pages owned by a user | `projectname` | `http(s)://username.example.io/projectname` |
-| Project pages owned by a group | `projectname` | `http(s)://groupname.example.io/projectname`|
-
-> **Warning:**
-> There are some known [limitations](#limitations) regarding namespaces served
-> under the general domain name and HTTPS. Make sure to read that section.
-
-### GitLab Pages requirements
-
-In brief, this is what you need to upload your website in GitLab Pages:
-
-1. Find out the general domain name that is used for GitLab Pages
- (ask your administrator). This is very important, so you should first make
- sure you get that right.
-1. Create a project
-1. Push a [`.gitlab-ci.yml` file](../ci/yaml/README.md) in the root directory
- of your repository with a specific job named [`pages`][pages]
-1. Set up a GitLab Runner to build your website
-
-> **Note:**
-> If [shared runners](../ci/runners/README.md) are enabled by your GitLab
-> administrator, you should be able to use them instead of bringing your own.
-
-### User or group Pages
-
-For user and group pages, the name of the project should be specific to the
-username or groupname and the general domain name that is used for GitLab Pages.
-Head over your GitLab instance that supports GitLab Pages and create a
-repository named `username.example.io`, where `username` is your username on
-GitLab. If the first part of the project name doesn't match exactly your
-username, it won’t work, so make sure to get it right.
-
-To create a group page, the steps are the same like when creating a website for
-users. Just make sure that you are creating the project within the group's
-namespace.
-
-![Create a user-based pages project](img/pages_create_user_page.png)
-
----
-
-After you push some static content to your repository and GitLab Runner uploads
-the artifacts to GitLab CI, you will be able to access your website under
-`http(s)://username.example.io`. Keep reading to find out how.
-
->**Note:**
-If your username/groupname contains a dot, for example `foo.bar`, you will not
-be able to use the wildcard domain HTTPS, read more at [limitations](#limitations).
-
-### Project Pages
-
-GitLab Pages for projects can be created by both user and group accounts.
-The steps to create a project page for a user or a group are identical:
-
-1. Create a new project
-1. Push a [`.gitlab-ci.yml` file](../ci/yaml/README.md) in the root directory
- of your repository with a specific job named [`pages`][pages].
-1. Set up a GitLab Runner to build your website
-
-A user's project will be served under `http(s)://username.example.io/projectname`
-whereas a group's project under `http(s)://groupname.example.io/projectname`.
-
-### Explore the contents of `.gitlab-ci.yml`
-
-The key thing about GitLab Pages is the `.gitlab-ci.yml` file, something that
-gives you absolute control over the build process. You can actually watch your
-website being built live by following the CI build traces.
-
-> **Note:**
-> Before reading this section, make sure you familiarize yourself with GitLab CI
-> and the specific syntax of[`.gitlab-ci.yml`](../ci/yaml/README.md) by
-> following our [quick start guide](../ci/quick_start/README.md).
-
-To make use of GitLab Pages, the contents of `.gitlab-ci.yml` must follow the
-rules below:
-
-1. A special job named [`pages`][pages] must be defined
-1. Any static content which will be served by GitLab Pages must be placed under
- a `public/` directory
-1. `artifacts` with a path to the `public/` directory must be defined
-
-In its simplest form, `.gitlab-ci.yml` looks like:
-
-```yaml
-pages:
- script:
- - my_commands
- artifacts:
- paths:
- - public
-```
-
-When the Runner reaches to build the `pages` job, it executes whatever is
-defined in the `script` parameter and if the build completes with a non-zero
-exit status, it then uploads the `public/` directory to GitLab Pages.
-
-The `public/` directory should contain all the static content of your website.
-Depending on how you plan to publish your website, the steps defined in the
-[`script` parameter](../ci/yaml/README.md#script) may differ.
-
-Be aware that Pages are by default branch/tag agnostic and their deployment
-relies solely on what you specify in `.gitlab-ci.yml`. If you don't limit the
-`pages` job with the [`only` parameter](../ci/yaml/README.md#only-and-except),
-whenever a new commit is pushed to whatever branch or tag, the Pages will be
-overwritten. In the example below, we limit the Pages to be deployed whenever
-a commit is pushed only on the `master` branch:
-
-```yaml
-pages:
- script:
- - my_commands
- artifacts:
- paths:
- - public
- only:
- - master
-```
-
-We then tell the Runner to treat the `public/` directory as `artifacts` and
-upload it to GitLab. And since all these parameters were all under a `pages`
-job, the contents of the `public` directory will be served by GitLab Pages.
-
-#### How `.gitlab-ci.yml` looks like when the static content is in your repository
-
-Supposedly your repository contained the following files:
-
-```
-├── index.html
-├── css
-│   └── main.css
-└── js
- └── main.js
-```
-
-Then the `.gitlab-ci.yml` example below simply moves all files from the root
-directory of the project to the `public/` directory. The `.public` workaround
-is so `cp` doesn't also copy `public/` to itself in an infinite loop:
-
-```yaml
-pages:
- script:
- - mkdir .public
- - cp -r * .public
- - mv .public public
- artifacts:
- paths:
- - public
- only:
- - master
-```
-
-#### How `.gitlab-ci.yml` looks like when using a static generator
-
-In general, GitLab Pages support any kind of [static site generator][staticgen],
-since `.gitlab-ci.yml` can be configured to run any possible command.
-
-In the root directory of your Git repository, place the source files of your
-favorite static generator. Then provide a `.gitlab-ci.yml` file which is
-specific to your static generator.
-
-The example below, uses [Jekyll] to build the static site:
-
-```yaml
-image: ruby:2.1 # the script will run in Ruby 2.1 using the Docker image ruby:2.1
-
-pages: # the build job must be named pages
- script:
- - gem install jekyll # we install jekyll
- - jekyll build -d public/ # we tell jekyll to build the site for us
- artifacts:
- paths:
- - public # this is where the site will live and the Runner uploads it in GitLab
- only:
- - master # this script is only affecting the master branch
-```
-
-Here, we used the Docker executor and in the first line we specified the base
-image against which our builds will run.
-
-You have to make sure that the generated static files are ultimately placed
-under the `public` directory, that's why in the `script` section we run the
-`jekyll` command that builds the website and puts all content in the `public/`
-directory. Depending on the static generator of your choice, this command will
-differ. Search in the documentation of the static generator you will use if
-there is an option to explicitly set the output directory. If there is not
-such an option, you can always add one more line under `script` to rename the
-resulting directory in `public/`.
-
-We then tell the Runner to treat the `public/` directory as `artifacts` and
-upload it to GitLab.
-
----
-
-See the [jekyll example project][pages-jekyll] to better understand how this
-works.
-
-For a list of Pages projects, see the [example projects](#example-projects) to
-get you started.
-
-#### How to set up GitLab Pages in a repository where there's also actual code
-
-Remember that GitLab Pages are by default branch/tag agnostic and their
-deployment relies solely on what you specify in `.gitlab-ci.yml`. You can limit
-the `pages` job with the [`only` parameter](../ci/yaml/README.md#only-and-except),
-whenever a new commit is pushed to a branch that will be used specifically for
-your pages.
-
-That way, you can have your project's code in the `master` branch and use an
-orphan branch (let's name it `pages`) that will host your static generator site.
-
-You can create a new empty branch like this:
-
-```bash
-git checkout --orphan pages
-```
-
-The first commit made on this new branch will have no parents and it will be
-the root of a new history totally disconnected from all the other branches and
-commits. Push the source files of your static generator in the `pages` branch.
-
-Below is a copy of `.gitlab-ci.yml` where the most significant line is the last
-one, specifying to execute everything in the `pages` branch:
-
-```
-image: ruby:2.1
-
-pages:
- script:
- - gem install jekyll
- - jekyll build -d public/
- artifacts:
- paths:
- - public
- only:
- - pages
-```
-
-See an example that has different files in the [`master` branch][jekyll-master]
-and the source files for Jekyll are in a [`pages` branch][jekyll-pages] which
-also includes `.gitlab-ci.yml`.
-
-[jekyll-master]: https://gitlab.com/pages/jekyll-branched/tree/master
-[jekyll-pages]: https://gitlab.com/pages/jekyll-branched/tree/pages
-
-## Next steps
-
-So you have successfully deployed your website, congratulations! Let's check
-what more you can do with GitLab Pages.
-
-### Example projects
-
-Below is a list of example projects for GitLab Pages with a plain HTML website
-or various static site generators. Contributions are very welcome.
-
-- [Plain HTML](https://gitlab.com/pages/plain-html)
-- [Jekyll](https://gitlab.com/pages/jekyll)
-- [Hugo](https://gitlab.com/pages/hugo)
-- [Middleman](https://gitlab.com/pages/middleman)
-- [Hexo](https://gitlab.com/pages/hexo)
-- [Brunch](https://gitlab.com/pages/brunch)
-- [Metalsmith](https://gitlab.com/pages/metalsmith)
-- [Harp](https://gitlab.com/pages/harp)
-
-Visit the GitLab Pages group for a full list of example projects:
-<https://gitlab.com/groups/pages>.
-
-### Add a custom domain to your Pages website
-
-If this setting is enabled by your GitLab administrator, you should be able to
-see the **New Domain** button when visiting your project's settings through the
-gear icon in the top right and then navigating to **Pages**.
-
-![New domain button](img/pages_new_domain_button.png)
-
----
-
-You can add multiple domains pointing to your website hosted under GitLab.
-Once the domain is added, you can see it listed under the **Domains** section.
-
-![Pages multiple domains](img/pages_multiple_domains.png)
-
----
-
-As a last step, you need to configure your DNS and add a CNAME pointing to your
-user/group page. Click on the **Details** button of a domain for further
-instructions.
-
-![Pages DNS details](img/pages_dns_details.png)
-
----
-
->**Note:**
-Currently there is support only for custom domains on per-project basis. That
-means that if you add a custom domain (`example.com`) for your user website
-(`username.example.io`), a project that is served under `username.example.io/foo`,
-will not be accessible under `example.com/foo`.
-
-### Secure your custom domain website with TLS
-
-When you add a new custom domain, you also have the chance to add a TLS
-certificate. If this setting is enabled by your GitLab administrator, you
-should be able to see the option to upload the public certificate and the
-private key when adding a new domain.
-
-![Pages upload cert](img/pages_upload_cert.png)
-
-### Custom error codes pages
-
-You can provide your own 403 and 404 error pages by creating the `403.html` and
-`404.html` files respectively in the root directory of the `public/` directory
-that will be included in the artifacts. Usually this is the root directory of
-your project, but that may differ depending on your static generator
-configuration.
-
-If the case of `404.html`, there are different scenarios. For example:
-
-- If you use project Pages (served under `/projectname/`) and try to access
- `/projectname/non/exsiting_file`, GitLab Pages will try to serve first
- `/projectname/404.html`, and then `/404.html`.
-- If you use user/group Pages (served under `/`) and try to access
- `/non/existing_file` GitLab Pages will try to serve `/404.html`.
-- If you use a custom domain and try to access `/non/existing_file`, GitLab
- Pages will try to serve only `/404.html`.
-
-### Remove the contents of your pages
-
-If you ever feel the need to purge your Pages content, you can do so by going
-to your project's settings through the gear icon in the top right, and then
-navigating to **Pages**. Hit the **Remove pages** button and your Pages website
-will be deleted. Simple as that.
-
-![Remove pages](img/pages_remove.png)
-
-## GitLab Pages on GitLab.com
-
-If you are using GitLab.com to host your website, then:
-
-- The general domain name for GitLab Pages on GitLab.com is `gitlab.io`.
-- Custom domains and TLS support are enabled.
-- Shared runners are enabled by default, provided for free and can be used to
- build your website. If you want you can still bring your own Runner.
-
-The rest of the guide still applies.
-
-## Limitations
-
-When using Pages under the general domain of a GitLab instance (`*.example.io`),
-you _cannot_ use HTTPS with sub-subdomains. That means that if your
-username/groupname contains a dot, for example `foo.bar`, the domain
-`https://foo.bar.example.io` will _not_ work. This is a limitation of the
-[HTTP Over TLS protocol][rfc]. HTTP pages will continue to work provided you
-don't redirect HTTP to HTTPS.
-
-[rfc]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2818#section-3.1 "HTTP Over TLS RFC"
-
-## Redirects in GitLab Pages
-
-Since you cannot use any custom server configuration files, like `.htaccess` or
-any `.conf` file for that matter, if you want to redirect a web page to another
-location, you can use the [HTTP meta refresh tag][metarefresh].
-
-Some static site generators provide plugins for that functionality so that you
-don't have to create and edit HTML files manually. For example, Jekyll has the
-[redirect-from plugin](https://github.com/jekyll/jekyll-redirect-from).
-
-## Frequently Asked Questions
-
-### Can I download my generated pages?
-
-Sure. All you need to do is download the artifacts archive from the build page.
-
-### Can I use GitLab Pages if my project is private?
-
-Yes. GitLab Pages don't care whether you set your project's visibility level
-to private, internal or public.
-
-### Do I need to create a user/group website before creating a project website?
-
-No, you don't. You can create your project first and it will be accessed under
-`http(s)://namespace.example.io/projectname`.
-
-## Known issues
-
-For a list of known issues, visit GitLab's [public issue tracker].
-
----
-
-[jekyll]: http://jekyllrb.com/
-[ee-80]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/merge_requests/80
-[ee-173]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/merge_requests/173
-[pages-daemon]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages
-[gitlab ci]: https://about.gitlab.com/gitlab-ci
-[gitlab runner]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ci-multi-runner
-[pages]: ../ci/yaml/README.md#pages
-[staticgen]: https://www.staticgen.com/
-[pages-jekyll]: https://gitlab.com/pages/jekyll
-[metarefresh]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta_refresh
-[public issue tracker]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/issues?label_name=Pages
+This document was moved to [user/project/pages](../user/project/pages).