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diff --git a/doc/pages/getting_started_part_one.md b/doc/pages/getting_started_part_one.md index c5b1aa4b654..1d63ccb4d2f 100644 --- a/doc/pages/getting_started_part_one.md +++ b/doc/pages/getting_started_part_one.md @@ -1,266 +1 @@ -# GitLab Pages from A to Z: Part 1 - -- **Part 1: Static Sites, Domains, DNS Records, and SSL/TLS Certificates** -- _[Part 2: Quick Start Guide - Setting Up GitLab Pages](getting_started_part_two.md)_ -- _[Part 3: Creating and Tweaking `.gitlab-ci.yml` for GitLab Pages](getting_started_part_three.md)_ - ----- - -This is a comprehensive guide, made for those who want to -publish a website with GitLab Pages but aren't familiar with -the entire process involved. - -To **enable** GitLab Pages for GitLab CE (Community Edition) -and GitLab EE (Enterprise Edition), please read the -[admin documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/administration/pages/index.html), -and/or watch this [video tutorial](https://youtu.be/dD8c7WNcc6s). - ->**Note:** -For this guide, we assume you already have GitLab Pages -server up and running for your GitLab instance. - -## What you need to know before getting started - -Before we begin, let's understand a few concepts first. - -### Static sites - -GitLab Pages only supports static websites, meaning, -your output files must be HTML, CSS, and JavaScript only. - -To create your static site, you can either hardcode in HTML, -CSS, and JS, or use a [Static Site Generator (SSG)](https://www.staticgen.com/) -to simplify your code and build the static site for you, -which is highly recommendable and much faster than hardcoding. - ---- - -- Read through this technical overview on [Static versus Dynamic Websites](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/06/03/ssg-overview-gitlab-pages-part-1-dynamic-x-static/) -- Understand [how modern Static Site Generators work](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/06/10/ssg-overview-gitlab-pages-part-2/) and what you can add to your static site -- You can use [any SSG with GitLab Pages](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/06/17/ssg-overview-gitlab-pages-part-3-examples-ci/) -- Fork an [example project](https://gitlab.com/pages) to build your website based upon - -### GitLab Pages domain - -If you set up a GitLab Pages project on GitLab.com, -it will automatically be accessible under a -[subdomain of `namespace.pages.io`](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/pages/). -The `namespace` is defined by your username on GitLab.com, -or the group name you created this project under. - ->**Note:** -If you use your own GitLab instance to deploy your -site with GitLab Pages, check with your sysadmin what's your -Pages wildcard domain. This guide is valid for any GitLab instance, -you just need to replace Pages wildcard domain on GitLab.com -(`*.gitlab.io`) with your own. - -#### Practical examples - -**Project Websites:** - -- You created a project called `blog` under your username `john`, -therefore your project URL is `https://gitlab.com/john/blog/`. -Once you enable GitLab Pages for this project, and build your site, -it will be available under `https://john.gitlab.io/blog/`. -- You created a group for all your websites called `websites`, -and a project within this group is called `blog`. Your project -URL is `https://gitlab.com/websites/blog/`. Once you enable -GitLab Pages for this project, the site will live under -`https://websites.gitlab.io/blog/`. - -**User and Group Websites:** - -- Under your username, `john`, you created a project called -`john.gitlab.io`. Your project URL will be `https://gitlab.com/john/john.gitlab.io`. -Once you enable GitLab Pages for your project, your website -will be published under `https://john.gitlab.io`. -- Under your group `websites`, you created a project called -`websites.gitlab.io`. your project's URL will be `https://gitlab.com/websites/websites.gitlab.io`. Once you enable GitLab Pages for your project, -your website will be published under `https://websites.gitlab.io`. - -**General example:** - -- On GitLab.com, a project site will always be available under -`https://namespace.gitlab.io/project-name` -- On GitLab.com, a user or group website will be available under -`https://namespace.gitlab.io/` -- On your GitLab instance, replace `gitlab.io` above with your -Pages server domain. Ask your sysadmin for this information. - -### DNS Records - -A Domain Name System (DNS) web service routes visitors to websites -by translating domain names (such as `www.example.com`) into the -numeric IP addresses (such as `192.0.2.1`) that computers use to -connect to each other. - -A DNS record is created to point a (sub)domain to a certain location, -which can be an IP address or another domain. In case you want to use -GitLab Pages with your own (sub)domain, you need to access your domain's -registrar control panel to add a DNS record pointing it back to your -GitLab Pages site. - -Note that **how to** add DNS records depends on which server your domain -is hosted on. Every control panel has its own place to do it. If you are -not an admin of your domain, and don't have access to your registrar, -you'll need to ask for the technical support of your hosting service -to do it for you. - -To help you out, we've gathered some instructions on how to do that -for the most popular hosting services: - -- [Amazon](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/gettingstarted/latest/swh/getting-started-configure-route53.html) -- [Bluehost](https://my.bluehost.com/cgi/help/559) -- [CloudFlare](https://support.cloudflare.com/hc/en-us/articles/200169096-How-do-I-add-A-records-) -- [cPanel](https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/ALD/Edit+DNS+Zone) -- [DreamHost](https://help.dreamhost.com/hc/en-us/articles/215414867-How-do-I-add-custom-DNS-records-) -- [Go Daddy](https://www.godaddy.com/help/add-an-a-record-19238) -- [Hostgator](http://support.hostgator.com/articles/changing-dns-records) -- [Inmotion hosting](https://my.bluehost.com/cgi/help/559) -- [Media Temple](https://mediatemple.net/community/products/dv/204403794/how-can-i-change-the-dns-records-for-my-domain) -- [Microsoft](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb727018.aspx) - -If your hosting service is not listed above, you can just try to -search the web for "how to add dns record on <my hosting service>". - -#### DNS A record - -In case you want to point a root domain (`example.com`) to your -GitLab Pages site, deployed to `namespace.gitlab.io`, you need to -log into your domain's admin control panel and add a DNS `A` record -pointing your domain to Pages' server IP address. For projects on -GitLab.com, this IP is `104.208.235.32`. For projects leaving in -other GitLab instances (CE or EE), please contact your sysadmin -asking for this information (which IP address is Pages server -running on your instance). - -**Practical Example:** - - - -#### DNS CNAME record - -In case you want to point a subdomain (`hello-world.example.com`) -to your GitLab Pages site initially deployed to `namespace.gitlab.io`, -you need to log into your domain's admin control panel and add a DNS -`CNAME` record pointing your subdomain to your website URL -(`namespace.gitlab.io`) address. - -Notice that, despite it's a user or project website, the `CNAME` -should point to your Pages domain (`namespace.gitlab.io`), -without any `/project-name`. - -**Practical Example:** - - - -#### TL;DR - -| From | DNS Record | To | -| ---- | ---------- | -- | -| domain.com | A | 104.208.235.32 | -| subdomain.domain.com | CNAME | namespace.gitlab.io | - -> **Notes**: -> -> - **Do not** use a CNAME record if you want to point your -`domain.com` to your GitLab Pages site. Use an `A` record instead. -> - **Do not** add any special chars after the default Pages -domain. E.g., **do not** point your `subdomain.domain.com` to -`namespace.gitlab.io.` or `namespace.gitlab.io/`. - -### SSL/TLS Certificates - -Every GitLab Pages project on GitLab.com will be available under -HTTPS for the default Pages domain (`*.gitlab.io`). Once you set -up your Pages project with your custom (sub)domain, if you want -it secured by HTTPS, you will have to issue a certificate for that -(sub)domain and install it on your project. - ->**Note:** -Certificates are NOT required to add to your custom -(sub)domain on your GitLab Pages project, though they are -highly recommendable. - -The importance of having any website securely served under HTTPS -is explained on the introductory section of the blog post -[Secure GitLab Pages with StartSSL](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/06/24/secure-gitlab-pages-with-startssl/#https-a-quick-overview). - -The reason why certificates are so important is that they encrypt -the connection between the **client** (you, me, your visitors) -and the **server** (where you site lives), through a keychain of -authentications and validations. - -### Issuing Certificates - -GitLab Pages accepts [PEM](https://support.quovadisglobal.com/kb/a37/what-is-pem-format.aspx) certificates issued by -[Certificate Authorities (CA)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority) -and self-signed certificates. Of course, -[you'd rather issue a certificate than generate a self-signed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-signed_certificate), -for security reasons and for having browsers trusting your -site's certificate. - -There are several different kinds of certificates, each one -with certain security level. A static personal website will -not require the same security level as an online banking web app, -for instance. There are a couple Certificate Authorities that -offer free certificates, aiming to make the internet more secure -to everyone. The most popular is [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/), -which issues certificates trusted by most of browsers, it's open -source, and free to use. Please read through this tutorial to -understand [how to secure your GitLab Pages website with Let's Encrypt](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/04/11/tutorial-securing-your-gitlab-pages-with-tls-and-letsencrypt/). - -With the same popularity, there are [certificates issued by CloudFlare](https://www.cloudflare.com/ssl/), -which also offers a [free CDN service](https://blog.cloudflare.com/cloudflares-free-cdn-and-you/). -Their certs are valid up to 15 years. Read through the tutorial on -[how to add a CloudFlare Certificate to your GitLab Pages website](https://about.gitlab.com/2017/02/07/setting-up-gitlab-pages-with-cloudflare-certificates/). - -### Adding certificates to your project - -Regardless the CA you choose, the steps to add your certificate to -your Pages project are the same. - -#### What do you need - -1. A PEM certificate -1. An intermediate certificate -1. A public key - - - -These fields are found under your **Project**'s **Settings** > **Pages** > **New Domain**. - -#### What's what? - -- A PEM certificate is the certificate generated by the CA, -which needs to be added to the field **Certificate (PEM)**. -- An [intermediate certificate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_certificate_authority) (aka "root certificate") is -the part of the encryption keychain that identifies the CA. -Usually it's combined with the PEM certificate, but there are -some cases in which you need to add them manually. -[CloudFlare certs](https://about.gitlab.com/2017/02/07/setting-up-gitlab-pages-with-cloudflare-certificates/) -are one of these cases. -- A public key is an encrypted key which validates -your PEM against your domain. - -#### Now what? - -Now that you hopefully understand why you need all -of this, it's simple: - -- Your PEM certificate needs to be added to the first field -- If your certificate is missing its intermediate, copy -and paste the root certificate (usually available from your CA website) -and paste it in the [same field as your PEM certificate](https://about.gitlab.com/2017/02/07/setting-up-gitlab-pages-with-cloudflare-certificates/), -just jumping a line between them. -- Copy your public key and paste it in the last field - ->**Note:** -**Do not** open certificates or encryption keys in -regular text editors. Always use code editors (such as -Sublime Text, Atom, Dreamweaver, Brackets, etc). - -||| -|:--|--:| -||[**Part 2: Quick start guide - Setting up GitLab Pages →**](getting_started_part_two.md)| +This document was moved to [another location](../user/project/pages/getting_started_part_one.md). |